Introducing the 2013 patuxent panther marching band!
The PHS Marching band will be introducing it's show Helios for it's first public performance at the football game held TONIGHT at 7pm! Come see us starting at 6:45 for the pregame show, and we will be performing at halftime!
The PHS Marching Band will be holding band camp from Monday - Thursday, July 29-August 1, and Monday - Friday, August 5-9, from 8am- 5pm daily. Students are reminded to pack a lunch! Students: you can find all of the information you need to know below! Parents - interested in helping during the day? There are plenty of things that need to be done. Just let us know when you can be there through the contact form on the Band Boosters Page! Parents and community are welcome to the PHS Band Preview on Friday, August 9 at 6pm @ PHS to check out the show's progress!
Sunscreen, sunglasses, a hat, etc.
A good attitude and a great work ethic!
Mini Band Camp IN Full Swing!
The PHS Marching band is into it's summer schedule! We've done 2 of our 3 Mini-Band Camp rehearsals. With one more scheduled for Wednesday, July 24 and Band Camp on the horizon, the students are in a great position! At our last rehearsal, we determined that most students have the complete first movement memorized and ready to put on the field. Colorguard has been working on establishing a solid ground in basics and is ready to go with the fight song for pre-game. Our goal for next week is to commit the second movement to memory so that when we get to band camp, we can dive right in with the drill.
New members - you are progressing very nicely! You can use your back yard to practice the marching basics we've covered. Don't feel silly - it will just help you when we start learning drill!
I am very proud of the work that you all have put in up to this point. But we're just getting started! Remember - you perform how you rehearse. If you show up to rehearsal prepared and ready to tackle the goals at hand, and keep errors caused by a lack of preparation and lack of focus to a minimum, there's no saying how far we can go! Keep up the great work!
Based off of the music of Karl Jenkins, the 2013 marching band will compete with Helios, a 4-movement show depicting ancient perceptions of the Titan god of the sun.
Interested in joining Marching Band? Visit the Marching Band Page for more information!
This is a very exciting time of the year for the students in Wind Ensemble as we are gearing up for the annual District Festival. The Wind Ensemble will be adjudicated at the Mary Harrison Center on Wednesday, March 20th at 5:30pm. This will be an odd year, as our pre-festival concert has been cancelled due to "inclement weather". We do however still have our festival dress rehearsal (to be held directly after school on Tuesday, March 19), and two weeks until the festival! We will be playing Fillmore's "Americans We" as our warm-up, and will be playing movements I and II of Puszta (by Jan Van der Roost), and Silence Overwhelmed by Brian Balmages. The students have made amazing progress on these pieces, and I'm very excited for our experience at District Festival! We are also in need of 2 more chaperones for the trip! If you are interested in being a chaperone, please contact Mr. Ritenour at RitenourA@calvertnet.k12.md.us!
Welcome to the new patuxentband.com!
Welcome to the new digital face of the PHS Band Program! In an effort to make the website more informative and easier to update, we've moved to a new platform. Through this news page, we'll be able to keep you informed with updates and emergency schedule changes. In addition, it will allow you to access critical documents in case you have misplaced them. Any questions? Feel free to contact Mr. Ritenour through the "Contact" Page. Thanks for your continued support of the PHS Bands!


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Activities Golden Ranch Farms' 52,000 acres include swamp tours, nature & birding adventures and hunting by season.
Swamp tours and recreational charter fishing (fresh or salt water) also available.
Accommodations are available for up to 11 guests at the "Big House".
All hunts and tours are by appointment only.


The idea that smartphones have peaked overall steam last year among engineers.
Global smart phone sales deep in the last quarter of 2017, although the market was back to growth (1.8 percent) in the first quarter last year.
The latest report for the third quarter last year was also anemic – sales increased only 1.4 percent from the same quarter in 2017.  Sales are plateauing as consumers, especially those in developed markets, do not upgrade as often as before.
But the market slowdown looks like forcing manufacturers to innovate out of the downturn.
Take the collapsible smartphone, which can actually be something this year. Chinese firm Royole Corporation was the first to announce such a unit last year, but all eyes will be on market leader Samsung after revealing its own collapsible prototype in November.
800 or $ 2,460), it's a question of usability.
"A collapsible phone can actually benefit business users and processes by enabling mobile employees with a pocket device that can be converted to a larger screen for productivity purposes, at least," says Bryan Ma, vice president of client market research at IDC .
But he feels that it will take time for developers to write programs that dynamically adjust and exploit the larger screen.
At the same time, manufacturers are continuing to reduce the limits of the smartphone displays.
The latest design innovation against this goal is the hole-punch camera display, where a hole is made near the corner of the s screen to accommodate the front camera.
"This technology is complex because it involves cutting through the layers on the screen and adding the camera sensor beneath it. It can cause light scattering around the edges," says Parv Sharma, an analyst at Counterpoint Research.
Huawei and its Honor sub-brand, as well as Samsung, have already shown smartphones with this feature last year.
5G – fifth generation mobile network – is also on the cards, these networks, which promise top speeds of up to 10GB and low latency, are rolled out this year in markets such as United States Qualcomm's latest Snapdragon 855 chipset supports a 5G network modem.
Will Wong, IDC's research manager, says the first 5G smartphones will be introduced this year, although most countries, including Singapore, do not have the 5G networks ready yet.
"He's the rise of Chinese smartphone vendors has accelerated the market competition and stimulated the need to be the first mover in the market," he said.
Mr Sharma expects more than 15 manufacturers to introduce 5G smartphones this year. These phones will start at around US $ 800.
TVs with rewind screens are on the cards of TV producer LG, the South Korean electronics giant first revealed a prototype TV with a retractable Oled screen (right) in the fourth CES Mass. According to Bloomberg, this "scrollable" TV will be released commercially this year.
Design of a scrollable TV is a way to minimize the visual impact of TVs, which are increasingly sporting larger screens, said Paul Gagnon, CEO at market research firm IHS Markit. "The idea of a scrollable screen that can be removed from the living environment is attractive and also facilitates the transport of a very large screen."
Another example of this trend: Manufacturers such as Samsung and LG make the TV look like picture frames that can interfere with the surroundings or view. This ensures that the TV does not become a gigantic black hole on the wall when not in use, says Mr. Gagnon.
It is also likely that the start of this year is Samsung's microLED television. As the Oled technology, the individual pixels in a microLED display emit light, resulting in better contrast and deeper blacks than LCD technology.
The difference is that microLED displays use inorganic material (gallium nitride), which has higher brightness levels than the organic material in Oled screens.
Mr Gagnon expects the market to grow slightly, with about 223 million units shipped. Nearly 99 percent of these TVs will use LCD technology, while the rest will use Oled displays.
The camera industry has been considered a sunset for a long time.
But it happened last year with the launch of new full-frame mirror-free camera systems from imaging giants Canon and Nikon, EOS R and Z6 / Z7 respectively.
Further stoking excitement was theL-Mount Alliance of Leica, Panasonic and Sigma, announced last year Photokina, the world's largest camera show. The Alliance allows Panasonic and Sigma to create cameras and lenses for the Leica L-mount system.
As such, there is a lot of excitement and expectation for this year.
One thing is certain – photography buffers will definitely see the launch of Panasonic S1 and S1R full-frame mirror-free L-cameras. I had a short hands-on session with a non-functioning prototype in Photokina and loved the feel and handling.
But Olympus seems to be happy with the Micro Four Thirds format, while Fujifilm has not signaled any intention to go full-frame as it has a medium-format mirror-free camera system.
Olympus is likely to launch its next flagship OM-D E-M1 Mark II successor this year. Rumors are that it will be called E-M1X and may be released as early as next month.
Fujifilm's 2017 X-T20, AMS-C SLR with its APS-C, needs updating and rumors pointing to a first quarter launch.
With an Olympic year and Tokyo host, Canon and Nikon will probably hold the launch of their flagship DSLR cameras next year.
As such, the two image drivers are likely to concentrate on expanding the lens's lines for their full-frame SLRs. But hopefully they can be surprising by launching a full-frame mirror-free model this year.
At the same time, there is hope that the camera industry will begin to embrace computing photography or image recording using digital computing techniques.
Google Pixel 3's amazing Night Sight feature has shown how photography can benefit when computing photography is done right. It may be the key to making cameras great again.
The weary market will continue to grow as the differentiation between smartwatches and basic training tracks becomes more blurred.
Smartwatches usually have more features like built-in GPS, larger touchscreen and faster performance, but they are more expensive. Training tracks are cheaper, but provide only basic training monitoring features.
However, both categories have been ante. Several smartwatches have advanced health features, such as Apple Watch Series 4 with ECG metering, while multiple training tracks have touch screen displays and can display alerts.
Jitesh Ubrani, IDC's senior research analyst, says: "Many new basic wearables have features such as alerts or simple app integrations that bleed into the smartwatch territory. Since more features are added and the price difference between basic trackers and smartwatches narrows, brands can potentially move Consumers upstream of smartwatches. "
According to IDC, Apple Watch will continue to dominate the smartwatch category over the next few years. Apple led the market last year with a 47 percent forecast share. While this is expected to fall to 36.2 percent by 2022, it will continue to be the market leader.
Currently, the smartwatch market is being amplified by the relatively stable and higher average sales price of Apple Watch, says Alan Antin, senior manager of research firm Gartner. But the average sales price of smartwatches is expected to fall due to lower prices and higher volumes.
Worldwide portable unit transfers will reach 225 million this year, an increase of 25.8 percent from last year, Gartner says.
Technology brands such as Apple, Fitbit and Samsung have good management in the smartwatch market, but traditional watch sets will pick up.
Antin says: "Traditional watches like Fossil and Casio will gain market share by offering more style and choice in their portfolio than technology brands."
Montblanc presented the fantastic Summit 2 smartwatch last year, while Casio Wear OS smartwatch WSD- F30 launches this month. Fans can look forward to several such smart watches from traditional and luxurious watch brands this year.
Noticeable newer examples are HP's leather-bound Specter Folio convertible and Lenovo's dual-screen Yoga Book.
In fact, Ms. Mikako Kitagawa, senior research analyst at market research firm Gartner, says several vendors can take a page from the Yoga Book, which comes with two monitors – an E Ink display and a standard touch screen – and comes up with their own versions.
Change brews also in computers. Over a year ago, Qualcomm revealed its plans to compete with Intel in the PC segment with a Windows 10 laptop powered by a Qualcomm chip.
The company increased its efforts last month with the Snapdragon 8cx platform, which promises constant connectivity, including 5G support, as well as long battery life.
Qualcomm says these units will be launched in the third quarter of this year.
In the first half of last year, the PC market seemed to be in its best form for several years. Global PC shipments made a slight increase (2.7 per cent) in the second quarter of 2018 – the first time in six years – according to Gartner.
But the market became flat in the third quarter, and it is unlikely the fourth quarter of last year will show an improvement due to the ongoing lack of Intel processors running most computers.
Intel's top-ranked AMD has been re-energized in recent years and has a good product in its Ryzen processor.
But PC Suppliers, especially portable suppliers, cannot easily switch chip suppliers at short notice to relieve Intel's processor capacity.
Ms Kitagawa expects the processor to ease later this year. She does not believe that the current shortage will have a lasting impact on demand, as this is driven by companies upgrading to Windows 10.
Overall, she expects worldwide PC shipments to increase somewhat this year compared to last year.


Chris DeCardy is vice president and director of programs. He oversees grantmaking across the Foundation's program areas as well as the Communications and Evaluation departments. He also works with the CEO and Board on special grantmaking and has led several cross-foundation initiatives on communications, operations and networking. He joined the Foundation in 2002 as director of communications. Prior to joining the Foundation, Chris worked for seven years at Environmental Media Services (EMS), first as associate director and then as executive director from 1998 to 2002. At EMS, he designed and implemented campaigns to improve and expand media coverage of environmental issues. Chris has also started organizations dedicated to improving utilization of networks and technology among environmental nonprofits and to reducing climate pollution at the community level. Chris holds a degree in journalism from the University of Wisconsin and a master's degree in public policy from Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government. He serves on the boards or in an advisory capacity to a number of nonprofit and community organizations. Chris previously served on the board of Northern California Grantmakers and is an American Leadership Forum – Silicon Valley Senior Fellow.


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Doing business with Catawba Valley Community College may require registration with NC E-Procurement.
Catawba Valley Community College welcomes new suppliers, especially those with innovative products or services that will improve quality and reduce costs.
If you are interested in doing business with Catawba Valley Community College, please contact our Purchasing Department. We will contact you, if and when, a need arises for the product and/or service offered by your company.
Registration with NC E-Procurement may be necessary in order to do business with us. Further information is available for suppliers if you would like to make an appointment.
PLEASE NOTE: All orders are required to have a purchase order number. Any work, materials, or services provided prior to receiving a purchase order are the sole responsibility of the supplier.
The role of the Purchasing Department at CVCC is assists the end-user in soliciting competition and assure that all state and college policies are followed when making purchases.


Then consult the README file in that directory.
the Solaris 8 version of the RSC Solaris software.
1. Make sure you are logged in as superuser.
temporary directory (for example, /tmp).
Server Hostname [wgs40-127]: wgs40-127 <-Enter hostname of system containing the RSC card, NOT the hostname for the RSC card.
Customer Info (<= 40 char) : HES-EIS <-Optional, Not required.
RSC IP Gateway : 129.148.40.254 <- On host system containing the RSC card, execute netstat -rn to obtain default gateway.
Username : ed <- You MUST specify a username, if no user had been specified previously.
A valid password is between 6 and 8 characters, has at least two alphabetic characters, and at least one numeric or special character.
The password must differ from the user's login name and any reverse or circular shift of that login name.


A new report from global IT provider SITA has revealed that spending on cybersecurity in the air transportation industry increased year-on-year to US$3.9bn in 2018.
The 2018 Air Transport Cybersecurity Insights report showed that airlines spent an average of 9% of their overall IT budget on cybersecurity this year, up from 7% in 2017, while airport investment in cybersecurity in 2018 rose to 12% of their overall IT budgets in 2018, up from 10% last year.
The report also shows that 89% of airline CIOs plan a major program around cybersecurity initiatives in the next three years, up from 71% in 2017. This is even higher for airports, with 95% of them planning major programs by 2021.
Business continuity, through the protection of operational systems and processes, remains the priority for more than half (57%) of airline and airport executives.
Barbara Dalibard, CEO, SITA, said, "The importance of cybersecurity is well recognized, and airlines and airports are investing in building a solid security foundation. However, the number of cyberthreats continues to grow exponentially every year, as does the sophistication of those threats.
According to SITA's report, the most common cybersecurity spending priorities among airlines and airports are employee awareness and training (76%); achieving regulatory compliance (73%); and identity and access management (63%).
However, SITA's Insights identified several focus areas that need more attention over the next few years. These include proactive network monitoring and protection, securing the extended enterprise (Cloud, IoT) and protection from internal threats such as data leaks.
SITA's research also indicates more can be done to raise the importance of cybersecurity. Today only 41% of respondents capture cybersecurity as part of a global risk register, while a further 42% of respondents plan to include cyber risk in their registers by 2021.
Only 31% of the responding organizations have a dedicated chief information security officer (CISO), seen as crucial to ensuring visibility of cybersecurity at executive level and effective implementation.
Proactive monitoring through a security operations center (SOC) is also a core topic for many respondents, with the majority having plans to quickly implement such services.
The biggest barrier to implementation is a lack of resources which affects 78% of air transport industry organizations. Another significant challenge that executives face is the retention and recruitment of specialized skilled staff (47%) and the capacity for staff training (56%).
Michael Schellenberg, head of cybersecurity solutions, SITA, said, "We at SITA recognize that moving from awareness to action can be challenging. It was with this in mind that we – together with other industry specialists such as Airbus – have built up a portfolio of cybersecurity solutions that help air transport industry organizations monitor, detect and manage cyber risks.


PROPORTIONAL Representation legislator Priscilla Misihairabwi-Mushonga has pleaded with Finance Minister Patrick Chinamasa to consider scrapping import duty on menstrual cups as sanitary pads crisis persist in Zimbabwe.
Menstrual cups are an alternative to sanitary pads and are considered economical over time as the same cup can be used for close to 10 years.
Presenting a motion on the cost of sanitary wear, in the National Assembly, Honourable Mushonga said menstrual cups should be included in the various rebates that Minister Chinamasa talked about in his 2018 National Budget.
"My request is that as we sit as a House, part of the rebates that the Minister was talking about – you remember we had the whole list for those of us who attended the post budget meeting yesterday, the experts gave us the number of rebates that the Minister of Finance has given that we encourage the Minister of Finance to at least begin to put a rebate on importation of sanitary wear.
"Again, the cost that I have given you around the cost of these things in Zimbabwe is exactly half when you get this packet of tampons in South Africa. When you get a packet of Lilets, exactly the same company in South Africa, you buy it for two dollars. It is still a lot of money but it is less than five dollars.
"In the short term, if we allowed this importation and were able to bring these things without charging duty, it means a lot of other people would be able to buy these particular products at a lower cost," she said.
The issue of access to affordable sanitary wear has been raging on for some years from as far as 2000 and part of the problem is that most of the raw materials used in manufacturing them are imported from South Africa and China.
Meanwhile, Honourable Mushonga has pleaded with Parliament that this should be the last time the issue of sanitary pads is discussed and that action must follow.
"…I am about to get to the end of my political career sitting in this House, I beg you Mr Speaker through the other colleagues as a gift to some of us who may not be able to come back next time, to at least allow that this subject of sanitary wear be the last time that we are speaking to it and bring sanitary wear to the young women who are struggling every other month.
"It is unfair and not right, and we as a people, mothers and sisters should take a stand, including the fathers that are here to be able to support this motion," she said.
According to Mushonga, about 52 percent of the population of Zimbabwe are women and about 40 percent of those women are actually menstruating "so if you look at it every day, there is a number of women that are actually menstruating. It is not accidental and it is not something that you can decide not to have; menstruation comes whether you like it or you do not.
"So, Mr Speaker, the issue of sanitary wear and the resources that are applied to sanitary wear should not be an issue of prioritisation; it should be an issue of necessity," added the outspoken legislator and women's rights advocate.
Contributing to the same motion, Mabvuka-Tafara legislator James Maridadi urged government to acquire sanitary pads making technology from India and begin mass production.
"Actually, the technology to produce tampons is not a very sophisticated technology. Honourable Makari spoke about it here that we could replicate what is happening in India. The technology is not very sophisticated and it is not very hard. You get technology from India and from China at a cost of less than $50 000.
"You can set up a plant in Harare which produces these things in mass production. Actually Mr Speaker, our Government should adopt a policy where they say, at every Government secondary school, sanitary towels must be available and these must be available to women freely. Girls must be able to walk into the headmaster's office and say headmaster, I am taking these three for myself and for my friends.
"Actually, they must be available in the toilets just like condoms are available in toilets. I can walk into the gents' toilet today and get a whole box of condoms and tomorrow there will be another supply. I can take that whole box of condoms and tomorrow there will still be another supply. Why can we not have sanitary wear available in public toilets and not in parliamentary toilets – like the one that is in Africa Unity Square?


text:
More Than One in Ten American Households Relies on Supplemental Nutrition Assistance
The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is one of the most responsive federal programs to economic downturns, as evidence by the increases in SNAP use between 2007 and 2009. Nationally, more than one in ten households relies on SNAP benefits, and the rate is even higher in rural areas, with more than 13 percent of households reporting use. This brief examines the trends in SNAP use across the United States since the recession began in 2007 and considers the impact of legislation in the Congress on those who rely on SNAP to make ends meet.
Vulnerable Families Research Program Food Assistance, Poverty, Rural, Safety Net Publication
New Immigrant Settlements in Rural America: Problems, Prospects, and Policies
Regions of rural America are being reshaped by growing numbers of immigrants who are choosing small-town life over the bright lights of the big city. This study found that immigrant settlers may have a big impact on small, rural communities—sometimes straining resources but also offering promise for reinvigorating dying communities.
Vulnerable Families Research Program Community, Economic Development, Immigration, Rural Publication
New, Longer Road to Adulthood: Schooling, Work, and Idleness among Rural Youth, The
This report focuses on the education and work experiences of rural youth during the emerging adult years (age 20 to 24), as they make the transition from adolescence to adulthood. It documents how rural emerging adults combine work and school and experience idleness, closely examines their educational attainment, and compares their experiences with those in central city and suburban areas.
Vulnerable Families Research Program Education, Employment, Rural, Urban, Young Adults Publication
No Place Like Home: Place and Community Identity Among North Country Youth
This brief explores the link between rural youths' identification with their community, their self-esteem, and their future plans. The panel study of New Hampshire's Coos County youth offers a snapshot into the dynamics of a population that is developing its identity in a region that is undergoing an identity transformation of its own. Place identity may be influential in how individuals think of themselves and their futures, particularly for youth in the process of forming an identity. The study reveals the importance of developing community programs and activities for youth that create social ties to form a positive identification with the place they live and consequently improve their self-esteem and the likelihood for staying or returning to their communities in later adulthood.
New Hampshire, Vulnerable Families Research Program Community, Coös Youth Study, New Hampshire, Rural, Young Adults Publication
Ocean Views: Coastal Environmental Problems as Seen by Downeast Maine Residents
This brief contends that loss of fishing jobs and income is the top environment-related concern among residents of Maine's Hancock and Washington counties, as well as forestry decline and water pollution. Also of note, across a wide range of environmental issues, political party affiliation is associated with level of concern about environmental problems.
Community, Environment, and Climate Change Environment, New England, Public Opinion, Rural Publication
Out-of-Home Care by State and Place: Higher Placement Rates for Children in Some Remote Rural Places
This fact sheet examines out-of-home placement rates for children removed from their homes because of abuse or neglect. The data finds that children in remote rural areas have overall higher rates of out-of-home placements. It also provides data on placement rates by rural or urban status to help inform policy makers as they discuss the child welfare system.
Over 3 Million Low-Income Children in Rural Areas Face Cut in Child Tax Credit if Recovery Act Improvement Expires
According to this new research, at the end of 2010, the Child Tax Credit improvements that were included in the 2009 American Recovery and Reinvestment Act will expire if Congress does not extend them. If this happens, low-income working families across America will be affected.
Vulnerable Families Research Program Children, Poverty, Rural, Safety Net, Tax Publication
Parental Substance Use in New Hampshire
Hidden in the shadows of New Hampshire's opioid epidemic are the children who live with their parents' addiction every day. They fall behind in school as the trouble at home starts to dominate their lives, they make the 911 calls, they are shuttled about to live with relatives or in foster care, and they face an uncertain future when their parents can no longer care for them.
Vulnerable Families Research Program Child Care, Drugs, Rural, Substance Abuse, Urban Publication
Population Growth in New Hispanic Destinations
Natural increase—more births than deaths—is now the major engine of Hispanic population growth in many large metro areas and their suburbs, as well as numerous smaller metropolitan areas and rural communities. Hispanics now account for half of U.S. population growth, and Hispanic population growth is the reason many communities grew instead of declined.
Demography Birth Rates, Demography, Hispanics, Mortality, Race, Rural, Urban Publication
Proposed EITC Expansion Would Increase Eligibility and Dollars for Rural and Urban "Childless" Workers
This brief uses data from the 2013 Annual Social and Economic Supplement to the Current Population Survey to examine how President Obama's proposed expanded eligibility and higher credit values might affect tax filers in both rural and urban America.
Vulnerable Families Research Program Children, Employment, Rural, Safety Net, Tax, Urban Publication
Race, Class, and Community in a Southern Forest-Dependent Region
Based on a Community and Environment in Rural America survey, this brief looks at four counties in Alabama. It finds blacks and whites have different outcomes in the community, despite expectations of regional stability and greater equality. Though they reported similar rates of social mobility, African Americans in the "Black Belt" of Alabama are disproportionately poorer and employed in lower-skill jobs than whites.
Vulnerable Families Research Program African Americans, Community, Public Opinion, Race, Rural Publication
Reading Levels of Rural and Urban Third Graders Lag Behind Their Suburban Peers
This brief examines the complex interplay of family, school, and place factors in the reading achievement levels of third grade students. Third grade reading achievement is critical to later academic and occupational success. Using data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, the authors report that suburban children realize greater gains in reading achievement from kindergarten to Grade 3 than their rural or urban counterparts. Rural students who were struggling readers at the beginning of kindergarten have lower average reading achievement in third grade than both urban and suburban students when children of the same socioeconomic status are compared. The differences in third grade reading achievement between rural and nonrural children who were low achievers in kindergarten most likely reflect different educational opportunities and school resources available to these children. The authors suggest that improved professional development opportunities for rural teachers may help narrow the differences in the third grade reading achievement of rural, urban, and suburban students who were struggling readers in kindergarten.
Red Rural, Blue Rural
Political commentators routinely treat rural America as an undifferentiated bastion of strength for Republicans. In fact, rural America is a deceptively simple term describing a diverse collection of places encompassing nearly 75 percent of the U.S. land area and 50 million people. Voting trends in this vast area are far from monolithic. Republican presidential candidates have generally done well in rural America, but there are important enclaves of Democratic strength there as well. In "battleground" states, these rural differences may have a significant impact on tightly contested elections. Rural Is Red With Pockets of Blue The political divisions between urban and rural America are well documented. Democrats count on a strong performance in cities to offset a poor performance outside of them. The political divisions within rural America are less well understood. The growing political diversity of rural America is evident when counties dominated by the old and new rural economy are compared. For instance, voters who reside in areas dominated by the "old rural economy," exemplified by farming, strongly favor Republican presidential candidates. In contrast, rural areas dominated by the "new rural economy," based on recreation, amenities, and services, have become critical pockets of strength for Democratic presidential candidates. These partisan differences remain even after controlling for demographic factors and the North–South split.
Demography Demography, Politics and Elections, Rural Publication
Regional Young Child Poverty in 2008: Rural Midwest Sees Increased Poverty, While Urban Northeast Rates Decrease
In 2008, America's recession affected poverty rates for children under age 6 unevenly, with rates in the rural Midwest rising significantly, while rates in northeastern central cities fell slightly. And in the rural South, where more than 30 percent of young children are poor, poverty rates for young children persisted at a very high rate. This is an analysis of American Community Survey data released by the U.S. Census Bureau.
Vulnerable Families Research Program Children, Poverty, Rural, Urban Publication
Religion, Politics, and the Environment in Rural America
Reflecting the heterogeneous nature of rural America, rural Americans are divided primarily along religious lines on their perspectives of environmental conservation and climate change. And as rural voters and environmental issues become key issues in the upcoming presidential election, this religious divide presents a challenge to political candidates.
Community, Environment, and Climate Change Environment, Politics and Elections, Public Opinion, Religion, Rural Publication
Renters More Often Burdened by Housing Costs After Recession: Nearly Half of All Renters Spent Over 30 Percent of Income on Housing by 2010
This brief uses data from the 2007 and 2010 American Community Survey to document changes in the proportion of household income spent on rental costs (rent plus utilities) during the Great Recession, by region (Northeast, Midwest, South, and West) and place type (rural, suburban, or central city location).
Vulnerable Families Research Program Housing, Rural, Urban Publication
Rural Adolescents Are More Likely Than Their Urban Peers to Abuse Prescription Painkillers
U.S. media and popular culture historically portrayed drug abuse as an urban problem, but in recent years, there has been more media attention on rural drug issues. Part of this growing attention pertains to the growing epidemic of narcotic painkiller abuse in rural America. Although all areas of the country experienced increases in painkiller prescribing, abuse, and mortality over the past two decades, the increases have been most pronounced in small towns and rural areas.1 This rural drug epidemic requires immediate attention from policy makers and practitioners.
Vulnerable Families Research Program Drugs, Health, Rural, Substance Abuse, Young Adults Publication
Rural America and the South Have the Highest Percent of Veterans with Service-Related Disabilities
Veterans with service-related disabilities are concentrated in the American South and in rural places, this new fact sheet finds. Issued to commemorate Veterans Day (November 11), the report analyzes new data from the U.S. Census Bureau's 2008 American Community Survey, which released service-related disability data for the first time.
Vulnerable Families Research Program Health, Rural Publication
Rural America in the 21st Century: Perspectives from the Field (Report to the Rural Assembly)
Rural America in the twenty-first century must develop new relationships and new ways of doing things to ensure an economically prosperous, socially just, and environmentally healthy future. Tapping into the resourcefulness and creativity of rural people will be essential in addressing this challenge. However, they cannot do it alone. Rural communities need critical infrastructure, investment, capital, and services. The overlapping forces shaping rural America–demographic transitions, economic changes, the legacy of chronic underinvestment in community institutions, and environmental factors—present challenges and opportunities. With the voices and strategies of rural Americans in hand, the National Rural Assembly can now move forward toward this vision for a twenty-first century rural America.
Demography, Vulnerable Families Research Program Community, Demography, Economic Development, Environment, Rural Publication
Rural and Central City Residents with Multiple Children Likely to Be Hardest Hit by Proposed WIC Cuts
This brief uses data from the 2007 and 2010 Current Population Survey's Annual Social and Economic Supplement to describe the distribution of the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) receipt across the population and to detail place-based differences in receipt. WIC is a nutrition program that serves pregnant or postpartum women, infants, and children up to age 5 (who meet certain criteria) by providing them with nutrition education and checks or vouchers for food purchases. The proposed fiscal year 2012 funding is $733 million less for WIC than fiscal year 2011 levels, and far less than what is needed to serve all who are eligible. This brief describes the implications of the cuts to the WIC budget to help policymakers and service providers to better understand the population likely affected by cuts to WIC funding.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Should I design a high-power switched mode power supply with surface mount components? I'm designing a SMPS for a fairly high-power application (2kW, 50A).  In looking at the available components, sometimes almost the exact same components are available in surface-mount and through hole versions, for example: FDB035N10A in D2PAK and FDB036N10A in TO-220.  The specs are very similar, except the surface-mount component has a higher power dissipation rating.
Is it preferred to use surface mount components in this case?  What is more common or industry-standard?  What are some of the pros and cons?

A: Yes, you can use SMD for high power.
The ease of automated assembly is a compelling advantage in most western countries. Here are some things that will help:

*

*You can get aluminium-backed PCBs that can have SMD power devices on one side, and the aluminium side of the PCB goes flat on a heatsink. The thermal impedence isn't as good as a mica washer but it's workable.

*The lower purchase cost and the much lower assembly cost of power devices means that you can use more of them, which means you can spread the heat.

*Doing something about switching losses is very important because most orthodox current mode PWM has more switching loss than conduction loss when being operated at normal frequencies.

*Generally your SMD PCB will have less parasitic inductance than a thru hole PCB of the same circuit. This will mean cleaner waveforms especially at high currents and can help reduce radiated EMC.

*Some of the better parts are easier to get in SMD.

A: if the SMD parts support a use with a suitable heatsink there's no reason not to choose them.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
March 7, 2018 rajtechnews
NEW DELHI: The UIDAIhas directed all telecom operators to enable a facility that will allow subscribers to check the mobile SIMs which are linked to their Aadhaar number, a step to guard against any unauthorised linking.
The decision was taken after the UIDAI came to know about some retailers and agents of telecom companies allegedly misusing Aadhaar authentication facility to issue new SIMs or to re-verify mobile numbers other than that of the Aadhaar holder.
The Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI) has now instructed telcos to ensure that their retailers or agents do not indulge in fraudulent activities related to unauthorised authentication transactions. It also asked the operators to have "sufficient supervision" to avoid any unauthorised authentication transactions.
UIDAI CEO Ajay Bhushan Pandey told PTI, "In order, for people, to know which mobile number is linked to Aadhaar, all telecom operators have been asked to provide this service to their customers by March 15."
The telcos have been asked to provide mechanism, including SMS-based facility that will not only allow their subscribers to check whether their mobile number is linked with Aadhaar but also be informed about other mobile numbers issued or verified against their Aadhaar number.
The telecom service providers will provide facility to their subscribers through channels such as customer care number, email, web portal, SMS or app to report any unauthorised mobile number linked with their Aadhaar number.
The telecom service providers have been asked to invalidate unauthorised linkings and initiate action in such matters.
Sources said that instances had come to UIDAI's notice where multiple successful authentication transactions were being performed under the guise of "failed authentication" and the same was being misused for issuing new mobile SIMs or reverifying subscribers other than the Aadhaar number holder.
"In light of the above, the telecom service providers are hereby directed to immediately take note of such misuse and curb the malpractices…," the UIDAI said in its recent direction issued to telecom operators.
With over 1.2 billion residents already enrolled for the Aadhaar — the unique 12-digit number backed by fingerprints, iris scans and certain demographic details — the programme today is the world's largest biometric database.
Aadhaar is required as an identity proof of residents by various government and non-government entities.
For instance, the government has made it mandatory for verifying bank accounts and PANs (which helps track tax filings) to weed out black money and bring unaccounted wealth to book. The same for cellphone SIMs has been mandated to establish the identity of mobile phone users.
Against the 142.9 crore active mobile subscribers, in 85.7 crore cases the mobile connections have already been linked with Aadhaar.
Source by:-gadgetsnow


text:
Your Woman Sleep With Others (Traditional Chinese: 老王樂隊) is a Taiwanese folk rock band. The band was established in 2015 in Taipei, Taiwan. It currently consists of five members: Zhang Lichang (lead singer), Tong Weishuo (guitar), Liao Jiemin (drums), Feng Huiyuan (bass), and Shao Jiaying (cello).

The band is most well-known for their EP Stolen Childhood (吾十有五而志於學), which focuses on the failures of the Taiwanese education system. In 2018, the band won the Golden Indie Award Best Folk Single for the song "Cram Schools Killed the Children" on the same album.

Name
The band's Chinese name, 老王樂隊 (Lǎowáng yuèduì), directly translates to "Old Wang Band." In Chinese, "Old Wang" is often used as slang for the man next door whose wife has an affair. This is the origin of the band's English name, "Your Woman Sleep With Others."

According to lead singer Zhang Lichang, the name is meant to reflect the band's cynical approach to both the Taiwanese education system and music-making.

History

The band was originally created in late 2015 by members Zhang Lichang, Feng Huiyuan, and Tong Weishuo in order to compete in a college music competition. In 2016, the band gained notoriety due to their success at college music competitions around Taiwan. Their most significant achievement was earning first prize at the music competitions at Tamkang University and National Chengchi University for their song "Stable Life, Suffer Exams." This earned them the title "Double Gold Champion" (金韶金旋雙冠), launching the band into the national spotlight.

On September 28, 2017, the band released their first EP, entitled Stolen Childhood (吾十有五而志於學). This album revolves around the despair and hopelessness caused by the Taiwanese education system. In 2018, the band won the Golden Indie Award "Best Folk Single" for the song "Cram Schools Killed the Children." Additionally, this EP earned the band a Golden Indie Award nomination for "Best New Band." The most popular song from this album, "Teens Edge," has received over 19 million views on YouTube.

On November 8, 2019, the band released their album I Examine Myself Three Times a Day (吾日三省吾身).

Ironically, despite the band's critique of the Taiwanese education system, four of the five members are still college students. As of December 2019, the only member who has completely graduated from college is cellist Shao Jiaying.

Members

 Zhang Lichang (張立長) - lead singer, acoustic guitar
 Tong Weishuo(童偉碩) - electric guitar
 Liao Jiemin(廖潔民) - bass, vocals
 Feng Huiyuan(馮會元) -  drums, vocals
 Shao Jiaying(邵佳瑩) - cello, vocals

Discography

EP

Albums

References

External links

 Your Woman Sleep With Others Facebook Page
 Your Woman Sleep With Others YouTube
 Your Woman Sleep With Others Twitter

Taiwanese musical groups

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Unique in its own way the Sky Desk Restaurant situated on the roof top provides a breath taking view of the entire city and is the perfect place to watch the sunset while sipping a refreshing lemonade. A vibrant, lively interior combines with authentic recipes to create an interesting and delicious dining experience at this relaxing spot next to the pool deck and it's Aqua Blue Infinity Pool. Take a seat near the open show kitchen, and watch the talented chefs at Sky Deck as they prepare stunning dishes. The restaurant offers an extensive menu that features rich selection of Seafood, rare gravy dishes, an array of Nan breads, delightful Salads and of course, kebabs.
Atmosphere : Blended with Nature.
Service Hours : 11:00 a.m. to 11:00 p.m.
© 2019 FARS Hotel & Resorts. All rights reserved.


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Aloha Vintage Pineapple Fruit Jungle Tropical Floral Hawaii Pattern Coffee Gift Basket is great for any occasion. This elegantly presented gift box comes with a 15oz mug, a biscotti cookie, 5 blends of gourmet coffee and includes a BONUS set of 4 soft coasters. Coffee selection includes French Vanilla, Kenya AA, Decaf Colombian Supremo, Chocolate and Italian Roast Espresso, sure to please a variety of coffee connoisseurs. All packaged in our signature 9" x 9" x 4" black box.


Discussion in 'Homework Help' started by VaLieN7e, Jan 25, 2013.
You have a very old antique exam.
Power amplifiers have not used transformers since about 50 years ago.
Look at Transformer in Google to see that the impedance ratio is the turns ratio squared.
It has been a while, but with transformers it is the loading that matters, the rest is not as significant. You are matching impedances, which in turn determines the loading. So if you have 8Ω you need to figure out the load requirements on the other side.
Yes. You have a serious lack of data. For instance, those transistors could power that speaker directly, no transformer needed, if the specifications were right.
The statement 2NP/NS might suggest that the number of turns in each half of the primary is equal to the number of turns in the secondary. That would suggest a 1:1 ratio if you think in terms of a half wave going through 100 turns of primary, and that is coupled to 100 turns of secondary. Then again, I could be entirely wrong. That often results from trying to guess what a cryptic label means.
i'm starting to feel that the whole problem is absurd and unrealistic .
vcc = ic / rc , and the relation between rc and the transformer was the key to solution .
Assume you want to transfer the maximum power to the load. Then for a 10V supply and 1.9A peak current, the peak available power is 19W. To transfer that to an 8 ohm load requires a peak load current of 1.54A. Thus you need a transformer turns ratio that converts 1.9A in the primary to 1.54A in the secondary.


Eliminating the General Knowledge test will continue to allow unqualified individuals to fill the most important positions in our society.
The proposal to eliminate the General Knowledge exam as a requirement for Florida educators will not solve our teacher shortage crisis. Furthermore, it will continue to allow unqualified individuals to fill the most important positions in our society by exempting an assessment designed to measure an individual's capacity to educate others.
The adjective "basic" is defined as "forming an essential foundation; fundamental." Rep. Byron Donalds (R-Naples), sponsor of House Bill 7061, may also want to research the definitions of "foundation" and "fundamental," since both words are fundamental to building a foundation in basic English.
The claim that this policy would have saved over 1,000 Florida teachers from losing their jobs last summer might be true; however, the Department of Education is projecting over 10,000 vacancies across the state. Discerning Floridians are now concerned about Donalds' ability to govern, considering this basic math error: 1,000 our of 10,000 is only 10% of the workforce the state will need in four short months.
Educators in Georgia and Alabama make an average of $8,000 and $3,000 more respectively per year. That's a 17% or a 6% difference; inequality is math anyone can understand.
Many Florida students deal with inequality daily thanks to these education policies. Could it be possible that Donalds attended an underfunded school in a state where politicians preferred to water down education instead of fully funding the system? That would be ironic.
What's not ironic is a group of politicians and Betsy DeVos cult members systematically passing reforms designed to leach funds from our public institutions through parasitic chains of corporate charter schools — charters heavily invested in by those politicians and their wives. Because creating policies that divert tax dollars into private investments seems totally ethical.
This corporate model of competition has only exacerbated the teacher shortage. School boards have been forced to reallocate money to these charters that could otherwise be used for hiring support staff, building improvements and pay raises. Because everyone knows teachers are only in it for the job security, the abundant resources and the exemplary pay.
Instead of making it easier to become a teacher, why not make it more appealing to choose teaching? Increase common sense security measures, increase funding and increase wages. The workforce will certainly increase as a result. That's logic, something that everyone who thinks it's their job to meddle in education policy should employ more often.
The raises would at least attract people with the skills to pass an exam that literally measures general knowledge. If that doesn't work, abolish the test — but lowering the bar for educators only lowers the standard of education. Which might explain why so many of our leaders lack reason and imagination.
Now if only there was a GK exam for politicians. Then this entire column would have been unnecessary.
Jacob Asbell is the AVID Site Coordinator, AVID elective and English teacher at Godby High School. He is open to teaching a civics class at the Florida state Capitol this summer.


text:
Home Music Adele's Run at Number 1 Ends as David Bowie's Blackstar, 3 Older...
Adele's Run at Number 1 Ends as David Bowie's Blackstar, 3 Older Albums Take Over iTunes
by Roger Friedman - January 11, 2016 12:08 pm
It took David Bowie's death to end Adele's long run at number 1 on the iTunes charts.
The new number 1 album is Bowie's new "Blackstar" album, released last Friday. Three older Bowie albums are also in the top 10– The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust, Best of Bowie, and Hunky Dory.
Nine more Bowie albums are in the iTunes top 30 right now. A fitting tribute, but what a loss.
Is Star Wars' Han Solo Dead or Alive? Harrison Ford Says He's Just "Resting"
Yoko Ono: "After John died, David was always there for Sean and me"


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text:
Reforms Related Documents
Message from the Hon Minister of Education
This Preliminary Note outlines the proposals that have been considered so far for reforming the system of general education. The framers have worked within a framework defined by Relevance, Quality, Access, Equity and Safety. They have courageously addressed some of the key problems and issues that have been haunting the corridors of reformers for decades. Thus, they have focused on many problems and evolved many ideas, and I am outlining eight main problems, 16 solutions, and many stakeholder benefits attached to them in order to indicate the nature of the reforms forthcoming.
Comprehensive education reforms are overdue in Sri Lanka. Some of the problems the country is experiencing today would have been avoided if we had implemented wisely-formulated reforms decades ago. There exists serious gaps between education, knowledge generation and economic development. We are in a knowledge society, but the contribution of the educated to the economy remains at a very low level. When Dr. C. W. W. Cannangara adopted free education policy in the 1940s, the expectation was to create not only social justice but also an economy shaped by the work of an educated workforce. The successive governments failed to introduce the policies and reforms necessary to take forward the free-education policy goals.
Serious gaps remain in the areas of competency development and orienting education to the 21st century skills of the workplace and society. While the educated remain largely underemployed and unemployed, the economy depends on the hard work of the school leavers. Reforms are necessary to reduce the burden of learning among children, and correct the distortions that have resulted from excessive focus on examinations. Disparities among schools in terms of resource availability including quality teachers need urgent solutions. The system of education administration and the management of schools require reforms to increase efficiency and effectiveness of education delivery.
It is important to say a few words here about the approach that the proposals developers are consciously adopting. Briefly, the approach is adopting six guidelines:
One: Outcomes-driven – Right from the outset, reforms proposals must be conceived and drafted with a focus on the expected outcomes of reforms. E.g.: problems, issues and benefits of students and parents
Two: Strengthening Capacity at Delivery Points – Successful implementation depends on the ability to deliver and hence focus on the capacity at delivery point. E.g.: classroom structure, size, and equipment/materials required for students' group work/practical work.
Three: Stakeholder Understanding and Engagement - Stakeholders such as students, parents and teachers must understand the new curricula models and expectations for successful implementation. Hence reaching them to foster support is essential and that affects the time-line.
Four: Inevitable Technology Trends – Future trends of technological change will transform the nature of the economy, skills required, and relevance of the traditional school, education curriculum and its delivery (e.g.: Google education). Therefore, reforms should be both futuristic and transformational.
Five: Constraints of Financial and Other Resources – While both capital and recurrent budgets will be limited, reforms should attempt to use existing resources in novel ways.
Six: Be pragmatic – Even though the desirable range of reforms looms large, what we can practically achieve is constrained by various factors of the current economic crisis facing the country including financial, institutional, attitudinal, contextual, environmental and deliverable limits. We should not propose reforms to fail at implementation, as it has happen frequently in the past.
In terms of scope, reforms to come will cover General Education, Higher Education, Technical and Vocational Education, education administration, and institutions building for human resource training and development in the sector. I am expecting to complete the major parts of reforms proposals in the next few months, and commence reforms implementation as early as possible. Priority will be given to administrative reforms and capacity building so that curriculum and other related reforms could be launched thereafter.
Contributions of the public were called from the public some time ago, and the responses received were summarized in to a report, which is included among the reforms documents in this website. I take this opportunity to invite reforms ideas from the concerned persons and organizations even at this late stage of the process.
Dr. Susil Premajayantha, MP
August. 2022


text:
#include <aws/iam/model/PolicyVersion.h>
#include <aws/core/utils/xml/XmlSerializer.h>
#include <aws/core/utils/StringUtils.h>
#include <aws/core/utils/memory/stl/AWSStringStream.h>

#include <utility>

using namespace Aws::Utils::Xml;
using namespace Aws::Utils;

namespace Aws
{
namespace IAM
{
namespace Model
{

PolicyVersion::PolicyVersion() :
    m_documentHasBeenSet(false),
    m_versionIdHasBeenSet(false),
    m_isDefaultVersion(false),
    m_isDefaultVersionHasBeenSet(false),
    m_createDateHasBeenSet(false)
{
}

PolicyVersion::PolicyVersion(const XmlNode& xmlNode) :
    m_documentHasBeenSet(false),
    m_versionIdHasBeenSet(false),
    m_isDefaultVersion(false),
    m_isDefaultVersionHasBeenSet(false),
    m_createDateHasBeenSet(false)
{
  *this = xmlNode;
}

PolicyVersion& PolicyVersion::operator =(const XmlNode& xmlNode)
{
  XmlNode resultNode = xmlNode;

  if(!resultNode.IsNull())
  {
    XmlNode documentNode = resultNode.FirstChild("Document");
    if(!documentNode.IsNull())
    {
      m_document = Aws::Utils::Xml::DecodeEscapedXmlText(documentNode.GetText());
      m_documentHasBeenSet = true;
    }
    XmlNode versionIdNode = resultNode.FirstChild("VersionId");
    if(!versionIdNode.IsNull())
    {
      m_versionId = Aws::Utils::Xml::DecodeEscapedXmlText(versionIdNode.GetText());
      m_versionIdHasBeenSet = true;
    }
    XmlNode isDefaultVersionNode = resultNode.FirstChild("IsDefaultVersion");
    if(!isDefaultVersionNode.IsNull())
    {
      m_isDefaultVersion = StringUtils::ConvertToBool(StringUtils::Trim(Aws::Utils::Xml::DecodeEscapedXmlText(isDefaultVersionNode.GetText()).c_str()).c_str());
      m_isDefaultVersionHasBeenSet = true;
    }
    XmlNode createDateNode = resultNode.FirstChild("CreateDate");
    if(!createDateNode.IsNull())
    {
      m_createDate = DateTime(StringUtils::Trim(Aws::Utils::Xml::DecodeEscapedXmlText(createDateNode.GetText()).c_str()).c_str(), DateFormat::ISO_8601);
      m_createDateHasBeenSet = true;
    }
  }

  return *this;
}

void PolicyVersion::OutputToStream(Aws::OStream& oStream, const char* location, unsigned index, const char* locationValue) const
{
  if(m_documentHasBeenSet)
  {
      oStream << location << index << locationValue << ".Document=" << StringUtils::URLEncode(m_document.c_str()) << "&";
  }

  if(m_versionIdHasBeenSet)
  {
      oStream << location << index << locationValue << ".VersionId=" << StringUtils::URLEncode(m_versionId.c_str()) << "&";
  }

  if(m_isDefaultVersionHasBeenSet)
  {
      oStream << location << index << locationValue << ".IsDefaultVersion=" << std::boolalpha << m_isDefaultVersion << "&";
  }

  if(m_createDateHasBeenSet)
  {
      oStream << location << index << locationValue << ".CreateDate=" << StringUtils::URLEncode(m_createDate.ToGmtString(DateFormat::ISO_8601).c_str()) << "&";
  }

}

void PolicyVersion::OutputToStream(Aws::OStream& oStream, const char* location) const
{
  if(m_documentHasBeenSet)
  {
      oStream << location << ".Document=" << StringUtils::URLEncode(m_document.c_str()) << "&";
  }
  if(m_versionIdHasBeenSet)
  {
      oStream << location << ".VersionId=" << StringUtils::URLEncode(m_versionId.c_str()) << "&";
  }
  if(m_isDefaultVersionHasBeenSet)
  {
      oStream << location << ".IsDefaultVersion=" << std::boolalpha << m_isDefaultVersion << "&";
  }
  if(m_createDateHasBeenSet)
  {
      oStream << location << ".CreateDate=" << StringUtils::URLEncode(m_createDate.ToGmtString(DateFormat::ISO_8601).c_str()) << "&";
  }
}

} // namespace Model
} // namespace IAM
} // namespace Aws

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Darmstadt/Berlin. The first round of the Hessian-Israeli Partnership Accelerator (HIPA) ended on January 9th with the presentation of new cybersecurity developments. At the final event at the Hessian State Representation in Berlin, the participating project teams presented new approaches to the quality control of cloud services, the security of Internet infrastructures, and the prevention of spam attacks and denial of service attacks on e-mail accounts. HIPA is the first and only German-Israeli accelerator focusing on cybersecurity. The project teams consist of cybersecurity talents from both countries, solving important problems of daily business life. The Accelerator thus combines startup culture with the strengths of the cyber nation Israel and German applicated research in cybersecurity. The program is a joint activity of the Fraunhofer Institute for Secure Information Technology SIT in Darmstadt and the Hebrew University in Jerusalem; the next round will start in the second half of 2018. Further information at www.cybertech.fraunhofer.de, applications are open now.
Research partners of the first round were Allianz and Cisco, who also participated in the final evaluation of the project's results. The award for the best project team went to "Routing Security Against Prefix Hijacks", a solution to make Internet infrastructures more secure: Routers governing Internet traffic are often vulnerable, as many network operators still use an unsecured routing protocols. The winning team therefore developed a solution to make routing between large parts of the Internet more secure. The tool helps to identify and fend off so-called prefix or BGP hijacks. With this type of attack, assailants hijack a specific range of IP addresses, gaining control over some of the Internet traffic. Attackers can eavesdrop on or alter the traffic, and redirect it, so that it does not arrive at its actual destination. However, it is also common that data traffic is inadvertently redirected due to a subnet misconfiguration. The tool can distinguish whether it is an attack or a misconfiguration. The solution will avert an attack, and in the case of a wrong configuration, assistance can be provided to the responsible administrator. An attack is averted by the solution, with a wrong configuration, one can assist the responsible network administrator. In the future the solution will be used by RIPE, which is coordinating the allocation of the European IP addresses.
One project team developed a quality check for cloud services. With this evaluation tool, a cloud provider's service offer can be automatically checked and evaluated: Will all my data packages arrive in the cloud? How long does it take? And are there bottlenecks on the way there? Users now have an independent testing tool for their cloud services at their fingertips.
The project team "superPHISHal" has been working on the quality control of spam filters: the security experts developed a solution that checks whether the various filter mechanisms for spam protection are set correctly and how many filter setups are faulty. superPHISHal can calculate the effects of the incorrect settings ("how much less spam mails would I get with a proper setup?") and automatically correct those incorrect settings. This significantly increases the accuracy and minimizes the risk of mails inadvertently classified as spam.
The fourth project team dealt with botnet-based attacks on email inboxes, so called email bombs: botnets register the victim's email address on newsletters and registration pages. Such a DoS attack can flood an email inbox with thousands of unwanted emails within minutes, so that the owner of the mailbox is not able to work with it anymore. The difficulty with this attack is to automatically distinguish wanted from unwanted email, because a newsletter is not per se spam. The HIPA participants first examined the attacks: which botnets are used, where are they located and which parts of the internet do attackers use. In addition, they looked at the victims of such attacks: which organizations were attacked in which countries. The team's solution developed during the startup accelerator will be able to ward off DoS attacks on email inboxes and filter out unwanted mail.


text:
Bayern Munich are the envy of top clubs throughout Europe after announcing that former Barcelona coach Josep Guardiola will take over as head coach from July
Guardiola to succeed Heynckes at FC Bayern next season
Munich - FC Bayern Munich have confirmed that head coach Jupp Heynckes will be retiring when his contract expires at the end of the current season. In a real coup for the German record champions, former Barcelona FC manager Josep 'Pep' Guardiola is set to replace him in the hot seat at the Allianz Arena.
"One of the world's most successful coaches"
"In a very personal discussion, we gave mutual reassurances that we will be doing absolutely everything in our power to ensure that both FC Bayern and Jupp Heynckes bring the 2012/13 campaign to a successful conclusion, and bring the Bundesliga title back to Munich," executive chairman Karl-Heinz Rummenigge said following talks with the veteran coach on Wednesday.
Further confirming that Guardiola has already agreed terms on a three-year contract in the Bavarian capital, Rummenigge added: "We're delighted to have been able to convince Pep Guardiola to join FC Bayern in the face of competition for his services from numerous top-class clubs. Pep Guardiola is one of the world's most successful coaches and we are confident that he can add lustre not only to FC Bayern, but to the German game as a whole. We look forward to starting work with him in July 2013."
Former Barcelona midfielder Guardiola, who turns 42 on Friday, led the Catalan giants to three La Liga titles and two victories apiece in the UEFA Champions League and FIFA Club World Cup, among other successes, during his four-year tenure as manager. He is currently in New York, in the midst of a one-year sabbatical.


text:
Network Working Group                                        W. Chimiak
Request for Comments: 1453                                         BGSM
A Comment on Packet Video Remote Conferencing and the
Transport/Network Layers
This memo provides information for the Internet community. It does not specify an Internet standard. Distribution of this memo is unlimited.
The new generation of multimedia applications demands new features and new mechanisms for proper performance. ATM technology has moved from concept to reality, delivering very high bandwidths and new capabilities to the data link layer user. In an effort to anticipate the high bandwidth-delay data link layer, Delta-t [Delta-t], NETBLT [RFC 988], and VMTP [RFC 1045] were developed. The excellent insights and mechanisms pioneered by the creators of these experimental Internet protocols were used in the design of Xpress Transfer Protocol (XTP) [XTP92] with the goal of eventually delivering ATM bandwidths to a user process. This RFC is a vehicle to inform the Internet community about XTP as it benefits from past Internet activity and targets general-purpose applications and multimedia applications with the emerging ATM networks in mind.
Networking is no longer synonymous with analog telephony. High- performance lower-layer networks have made possible exciting new applications: collaboratory environments, distributed client/server computing, remote conferencing, teleclassrooms, and distributed life-sciences imaging. These applications normally demand a great deal of bandwidth and often create operating system bottlenecks. Enabling these new multimedia applications entails delivering bandwidth to the applications, not just having bandwidth available on the network. This statement may appear obvious, but often solutions at the transport layer are satisfied by having bandwidth at that layer without sufficient sensitivity to higher-layer access to the bandwidth. The unavailability of bandwidth at upper layers is becoming the real issue as the networks are becoming a high- performance virtual backplane without concomitant high-performance control schemes. It appears that new services are needed that require communication with all layers. The ATM architecture calls
for such an integrated control scheme.
2. Remote Conferencing
The challenges of remote conferencing is an application whose challenges may be met at the data link layer by the emerging broadband networks. If so, important medical applications such as medical imaging for diagnosis and treatment planning would be possible [CHIM92]. Remote conferencing would permit imaging applications for life sciences through the use of national resource centers. Collaboratory conferences in molecular modeling, design efforts, and visualization of data in numerous disciplines could become possible.
At the Second Packet Video Workshop, held December, 1992, at MCNC in the Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, a recurrent theme was the use of multimedia in remote conferencing. Its applications included the use of interactive, synchronized voice and video transmission, multicast transmission, data transfer, graphics transmission, noninteractive video and audio transmission, and data base query within a virtually shared workspace. A few participants doubted the ability of current computer networks to handle these multimedia applications and preferred only connection-oriented, circuit-switched services. Most participants, however, looked forward to using an integrated network approach.
2.1. Remote Conferencing Functions and Requirements
Remote conferencing as seen at the workshop requires a set of functions. It must provide session scheduling that deals with initiating a session, joining in-progress sessions, leaving a session without tearing it down if there are multiple participants, and terminating a session.
The remote-conferencing session needs a control subsystem that is either tightly controlled for an n-to-n connection for two to 15 participants, or loosely controlled for a 1-to-n connection for any number of participants. The Multipeer-Multicast Consortium is working on defining the control requirements and the mechanisms for control. At the Packet Video Workshop, one participant presented a conference control protocol (CCP) shown in Figure 1 [CCP92]. In this architecture the CCP controls the Network Voice Protocol (NVP) [RFC741] and the Packet Video Protocol (PVP) [PVP81] over the experimental Internet Stream Protocol, Version 2 (ST-II) [RFC1190] rather than IP.
Latency and intramedia synchronization and intermedia synchronization (lip-sync) are critical for the interactive voice and video streams
of remote conferencing. Client/server applications including data base operations are equally important. The ability to display noninteractive video and high-resolution graphics is necessary.
As with most applications, security will eventually be an issue. At the very least, there must be a mechanism to determine who can find out what about conference and who can join a conference. This determination will be part of an upper-layer protocol.
+--------------+ +--------+ +-----+ +------------+
|Teleconference| |  File  | |Email| |   Domain   |
|   (CCP)      | |Transfer| |     | |Name Service|
+----+-------+-+ +-----+--+ +-+---+ +-----+------+
|       |         |__  __|           |
|       |            ||              |
+-----+--+ +--+-----+    +-++-+       +----+---+
|Network | | Packet |    | T  |       |    U   |
| Voice  | | Video  |    | C  |       |    D   |
|Protocol| |Protocol|    | P  |       |    P   |
+---+----+ +--+-----+    +-+--+       +--+-----+
|__     __|            |__         __|
|   |                  |       |
+-+---+--+             +-+-------+-+
| Stream |             |     I     |
|Protocol|             |     P     |
+---+----+             +---+-------+
|                      |
+-----+----------------------+----+
|IEEE_802.X,FDDI,DARTnet,ATOMIC...|
+---------------------------------+
Figure 1: The Connection Control Protocol Architecture
The solutions must range in geography from single machines through LAN, CAN, MAN, WAN conferences, as well as in data content from PCs to high-end workstations. Implicit in the scaling is the notion of product and application interoperability.
Remote conferencing applications should take advantage of future network enhancements, as well as the functions provided by ATM, FDDI, and SMDS. Doing so should provide function versus resource trade- offs such as cost versus error control and cost versus rate control. As a result, the transport layer should be able to provide the services offered by the data link layer.
Most of the presentation on remote conferencing indicated a need for some degree of multicast functionality, ranging from the 1-to-n, with conference membership completely known, to conferences for which
existence of a group is known, but exact membership is not.
In remote conferencing, it is preferable to use one network for all information traffic. This network should have an offered quality of service (QOS) criteria to accommodate tradeoff metrics, which would include guaranteed throughput, connection reliability, high call- completion rate, few dropped calls, tolerable error rate, varying degrees of compression on the video and audio streams, and tolerable motion artifacts, flow control, and latency. The QOS should be an input to the transport layer from the application or transport service user.
The compression/coding function should provide time-stamping and packetizing information, as well as real-time echo cancellation. These functions are usually at the presentation and session layer of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) model or the at the application in some Internet models, but not the transport layer.
3. Potential Solutions
RFC 1193 deals with the requirements of real-time communications, which include some of the same capabilities [RFC1193]. But the requirements articulated create the necessity for new
transport/network protocols. The new protocols under development by the Audio Visual Transport [SCHU92] (RTC, RTCP), and other protocols in this area (ST-II) suggest an architecture like that shown in Figure 2.
These approaches may work. However, they encourage a discipline that creates a protocol for each new class of application. Another approach might be to unify the protocols. It is felt that this is one of the main goals of XTP (see Figure 3).
Other design considerations of XTP include the following:
+----------------------+
|          media       |
|       application    |
+--------+----+-+------+
|        |RTCP| |      |
|        +----+ |   T  |
|         RTP   |   C  |
+-----+-----+   |   P  |
|ST-II| UDP |   |      |
+     +-----+---+------|
|     |       IP       |
+-----+-------+--------+
|    Data Link Layer   |
Figure 2: One emerging multimedia architecture
+--------------+  +--------+ +-----+ +------------++-----------+
|Teleconference|  |  File  | |Email| |   Domain   ||   media   |
|              |  |Transfer| |     | |Name Service||application|
+------+-------+  +----+---+ +--+--+ +-----+------++-----+-----+
|               |        |          |             |
+---------------+--------+----------+-------------+
+-------+--------+
|Unified Protocol|
|Data Link Layer |
Figure 3: Another integrated multimedia architecture
(1) Developing a protocol based on the work and experience of the protocol groups such as IETF, which produced NETBLT, VMTP, TCP, IP, and UDP.
(2) Incorporating lessons from Delta-t.
(3) Observing the design paradigm shift of ATM, SONET, and VMTP in the header, trailer, and information segment construction.
(4) Targeting the real-time requirements articulated by the Department of Defense SAFENET committee and the French Ministry of Defense military real-time specification [GAM-T-103].
Mechanisms in XTP allow an application to approach the performance desired. A session-scheduling mechanism for joining and leaving a
multicast conference exists. The XTP mechanism for multicast satisfies the loosely controlled session requirements. The tightly controlled session would require the use of multiple XTP
associations.
The priority mechanism that uses the 32-bit SORT field permits an application to prioritize data. Because XTP is a transport layer, this priority mechanism follows through every node tranversed. There is also an out-of-band delivery mechanism. However, XTP does not offer latency control by itself; it just provides a priority mechanism.
The selective acknowledgement, fast negative acknowledgement, and selective retransmission permit an application to choose an appropriate level of error control. The combination of the priority mechanism and these error-control mechanisms is likely to approach the latency and synchronization requirements of remote conferencing.
Noninteractive audio and video, as well as graphics presentation, can be accommodated in many ways by the application. It is important that the transport layer provides adequate mechanisms to deliver the appropriate data streams in a manner compatible with the
applications. These applications can probably be accomplished by means of extant protocols, as well as XTP.
The scalability of the solution will be a function of the standards used. At the Packet Video Workshop, some of the applications sacrificed computer network standards in favor of desired performance. This approach usually impedes scalability. From the explanation of the applications taking this approach, it appeared that using XTP would have provided an adequate transport service for the applications.
XTP was designed to provide mechanisms to accommodate application requirements, that is, the ability to respond to QOS requests. For example, guaranteed throughput may be accomplished by using XTP's rate and burst control together with flow control or no flow control. Tolerable error rate can be accomplished with partially error controlled connections (PECC), a service which can be placed in the application or just above the transport layer [PECC92]. Motion artifacts and varying degrees of compression should be done above the transport layer in coordination with the transport layer or possibly in a network management function.
3.1. Synthesize the Hardware Fabrication Process into the Design
To produce an affordable solution, the hardware fabrication process should be a design consideration. Technologies are evolving too
rapidly to assume that a generic protocol design will anticipate all fabrication advances, but this fact should not impede use of the features of advanced hardware fabrication processes.
System interface problems and VLSI techniques should be considered in the specification of the protocol. An examination of the ATM and SONET standards appears to support this philosophy. Similarly, NETBLT and VMTP design efforts seem to support this approach. XTP does use it.
It is very helpful to break down the protocol into parallel-state machines for execution on more inexpensive hardware. This procedure reduces the context switching and interrupt handling requirements of the hardware, thereby decreasing production costs while producing a scalable protocol machine.
4. Multimedia Applications over XTP
In parallel with the IETF efforts to enable multimedia applications such as remote conferencing, the XTP forum members have been experimenting with major elements of these applications.
(1) At the University of Virginia, more than 100 simulated voice channels were run on an FDDI network [UVAVOICE92]. The purpose of this experiment was to test the limits of FDDI and a software version of XTP in a simulated interactive voice environment. Multicasted, noninteractive video has been supported there for several years.
UVa also has a video-mail demo over XTP/FDDI that uses Fluent multimedia interface and standard JPEG compression. This PC-based demo delivers full frame, full color, 30 frames/sec video from any network disk to a remote VGA screen. It is important that users could not discern any difference in playback between a local disk and a remote disk. An Xpress File System (XFS) is used on server and client systems.
(2) The Technical University of Berlin, Germany, reports that the coordination, implementation, and operation of
multimedia services (CIO) of the R&D in Advanced
Communications Technologies in Europe (RACE) is using XTP as a starting point for design [XTPRACE].
(3) At the Naval Command, Control, and Ocean Surveillance Center Research, Development, Test and Evaluation Division NRaD (formerly the Naval Ocean Systems Command (NOSC)), voice is
multicasted over XTP/FDDI. A simple multicast is
distributed to a group with a latency of around 25 ms, where the latency represents delay from the voice signal from the microphone to the audio signal to the speaker. This group is currently doing research on an n-party multicast of voice (telephone conference-call paradigm [n x n multicast]).
(4) Commercially, Starlight Networks Inc., migrated a subset of XTP into the transport layer of its video application server. By using XTP rate control, full-motion, full-screen compressed video is delivered at a constant 1.2 Mbps, over switched-hub Ethernet to viewstations. This network delivers at least 10 simultaneous video streams.
Therefore, XTP has been used in applications that were previously placed over IP or even a data link layer.
5. Policy versus Mechanism
Separating protocol policies and mechanisms [XTPbk] permits adoption of new policies without altering offered mechanisms. An excellent example is UVa's Partially Error Controlled Connections (PECC). This control system maximizes error control in such a way that receiving FIFOs are never starved i.e., the application, driver, or operating system buffer control, and not the transport layer becomes the bottleneck.
Because XTP is mechanism-rich and policy-tolerant, this very dynamic error control policy mechanism is possible. Separating policy and mechanism permits an error-control or flow-control policy to adapt to the data link layer conditions without shutting down a connection and rebuilding (or multiplexing) a new one on a different protocol stack. This may also provide an easier way for a network management subsystem to maintain a desired QOS.
Remote conferencing presents new opportunities for research, business, and administration. Although some are proposing that only classical circuit-switched mechanisms be used, most network engineers are searching for ways to use the new features of FDDI, SMDS, and ATM in multimedia applications such as remote conferencing. Some new applications have been placed directly on a data link layer. New Transport/Network layer combinations have been proposed and are being tested. It is believed that consideration should be given to XTP as a possible solution because its forum membership includes commercial, government, and research institutions, some of which have implemented various applications that contribute to an overall remote-
conferencing application.
[CCP92]     Schooler, E., "An Architecture for Multimedia Connection
Management", in Proceedings of the 4th IEEE ComSoc
International Workshop on Multimedia Communications,
Monterey, CA, April 1992.
[CHIM92]    Chimiak, W., "The Digital Radiology Environment", IEEE
JSAC, Vol. 10, No. 7, pp. 1133-1144, September 1992.
[Delta-t]   Watson, R. W., "Delta-t Protocols Specification",
Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, April 15, 1983.
[GAM-T-103] French Ministry of Defense, "GAM-T-103 Military Real-Time Local Area Network Reference Model
(Transfer Layer)", February 7, 1987.
[PECC92]    Dempsey, B., Strayer, T.  and Weaver A., "Adaptive Error
Control for Multimedia Data Transfer", in Proceedings
of the IWACA 92, Munich, Germany, pp. 279-288, March
[PVP81]     Cole, R., "PVP - A Packet Video Protocol", W-Note 28,
Information Sciences institute, University of
California, Los Angeles, CA, August 1981.
[RFC1045]   Cheriton, D., "VMTP: Versatile Message Transaction
Protocol Specification", RFC 1045, Stanford
University, February 1988.
[RFC998]    Clark, D., Lambert, M., and L. Zhang, "NETBLT: A Bulk
Data Transfer Protocol", RFC 998, MIT, March 1987.
[RFC1193]   Ferrari, D., "Client Requirements For Real-Time
Communication Services", RFC 1193, UC Berkeley,
[RFC1190]   Topolcic, C., Editor, "Experimental Internet Stream
Protocol: Version 2 (ST-II)", RFC 1190, CIP Working
Group, October 1990.
[SCHU92]    Schulzrinne, H., "A Transport Protocol for Audio and
Video Conferences and other Multiparticipant
Real-Time Applications", Internet Engineering Task
Force, Internet-Draft, October 1992.
[UVAVOICE92] Weaver, A. C. and McNabb, J.F., "Digitized Voice Distribution Using XTP and FDDI", Transfer, Vol. 5, No. 6, pp. 2-7 (November/December 1992).
[XTP92]     Xpress Transfer Protocol, version 3.6, XTP Forum,
1900 State Street, Suite D, Santa Barbara, California
93101 USA, January 11, 1992.
[XTPbk]     Strayer, W.T., Dempsey, B.J., and Weaver, A.C., "XTP:
The Xpress Transfer Protocol", Addison-Wesley
Publishing Company, Inc., 1992.
[XTPRACE]   Rebensburg, K. and Miloucheva, I., "The Use of XTP in a
Large European Communication Project", XTP Forum
Research Affiliate Annual Report, Document 92-183,
pp. 105-112, 1992.
Security issues are discussed in section 2.1.
William J. Chimiak
Bowman Gray School of Medicine
Medical Center Boulevard
Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1022
EMail: chim@relito.medeng.wfu.edu


LOS ANGELES (AP) - Chris Paul and the rest of the Los Angeles Clippers' starters thought they were done after three quarters. Despite a 28-point lead, they were wrong.
Paul, Blake Griffin, DeAndre Jordan and J.J. Redick staved off a rally fueled by the Los Angeles Lakers' bench, and the Clippers won 94-84 on Friday night to end a three-game skid and win their eighth straight against their Staples Center co-tenants.
Kobe Bryant scored 12 points for the Lakers in his NBA-record 16th and final Christmas Day game. He played 26 minutes and sat out the entire fourth quarter while the Lakers outscored the Clippers 27-9.
Bryant announced on Nov. 29 that he will retire after this season, his 20th in the NBA. He has a record 395 points on Christmas Day.
"There's a little mixed emotions, honestly," Bryant said. "I mean, I'm so used to playing on Christmas. It's kind of become a part of our family routine.
Redick had 14 points and Jordan had nine points and 14 rebounds for the Clippers. They have won 12 of their last 13 meetings with the Lakers.
Rookie D'Angelo Russell, the second overall pick in the draft, had a team-high 16 points off the bench for the Lakers.
The Clippers took an 85-57 lead into the fourth, and both coaches rested all of their starters until the Lakers started to make a move led by Russell, Julius Randle and Marcelo Huertas.
Randle scored nine points in a 2:56 span - including a 3-pointer that cut the deficit to 87-72 with 7:50 to play. He finished with 11 points.
The Clippers missed 15 of their first 18 shots in the final period. Clippers coach Doc Rivers was forced to pull his reserves, while Lakers coach Byron Scott kept his out there and left Bryant on the sidelines - even as the Los Angeles crowd chanted Bryant's name.
The Lakers got within 89-82 on a pair of free throws by Randle with 4:01 remaining, but then the Clippers pulled away with a 3-pointer by Wesley Johnson and a 16-footer by Paul.
Bryant missed all three shots he took in the first quarter and then scored nine points in the second, including a pair of 3-pointers 29 seconds apart to help slice a 17-point deficit to 47-37 with 4:14 left.
Clippers: Doc Rivers played for the Knicks on Christmas Day in 1992, making 1 of 4 shots and scoring seven points in an 89-77 loss at Chicago. He also coached the Celtics on Christmas every year from 2008 through 2013. … G Austin Rivers was bummed about missing his second straight game because of a sprained right ankle - and the timing of it." Man, I wanted to play so bad tonight, and I came this close," he said, holding two fingers close together. "I've never played in a Christmas Day game. But I just can't cut really quickly right now. It hurts." … F Paul Pierce has played on Christmas Day for four different teams in the past four years, including Boston, Brooklyn and Washington.
Lakers: Bryant's best game on Dec. 25 was in 2004, when he had 42 points in a 104-102 overtime loss to Miami at Staples Center. … The Lakers are 6-10 on Christmas when Bryant has played, including 0-4 against Miami. … Oscar Robertson held the previous career record for points on Christmas with 377 before Bryant broke it in 2012. He sat out the previous two years because of injuries. … This was the second time the Lakers played the Clippers on Christmas, having won 85-75 in 1991 at the Forum with 20 points from A.C. Green and 18 from Scott. … The Lakers have played on Christmas every year since 1998, when their season opener was delayed until Feb. 5 because of a lockout that reduced the schedule to 50 games.
Clippers: At Utah on Saturday night.
Lakers: At Memphis on Sunday night.