Founded in 1923 in Brussels, the aim of the Federation is to promote the development of a broad range of activities in the fields of Education, Physical Education and Sports Education, Sport for All, Fitness and Health, Recreation, and the use and protection of the Outdoors, for people of all ages and in all countries of the World, and to foster and contribute to international cooperation in these fields. The FIEP is an independent, non-governmental organization ready to collaborate with all individuals, institutions and organizations in the pursuit of this broad aim. The Federation provides a network of contacts and a means of communication and exchange amongst individuals and organizations. It has 'Recognised Organization' status with the international Olympic Committee. It has close working relationships with the International Counsil of Sport Science and Physical Education, Arab Confederation of Sport ,L'Union Arabe de l'Education Physique et du Sport and another international organisation . The broad range of events, projects and other activities organized or supported by the Federation concern the scientific, technical, teaching and management aspects of physical education, sport, physical recreation, fitness and health. The principal means of action of the FIEP are: Publication of the FIEP Bulletin, which has appeared in different forms for more than 75 years. Organization and support of various activities, including: Regional and ad-hoc Commissions. Practical Courses, Congresses and Symposia, Exchange Travel by both individuals and groups. Research, documentation and information exchange with other national and international bodies . The FIEP network of National Delegates, Committees and members extends into more one hundred and twenty countries and this number is growing as new countries apply for membership.


text:
Kalmaluodot kan syfta på följande platser:

Finland

 Kalmaluodot (ö i Södra Savolax, Nyslott, lat 61,65, long 28,94),
 Kalmaluodot (ö i Södra Savolax, Nyslott, lat 61,61, long 29,21),
 Kalmaluodot (ö i Södra Savolax, Nyslott, lat 62,16, long 28,33),
 Kalmaluodot (ö i Södra Savolax, Nyslott, lat 62,14, long 28,46),
 Kalmaluodot (ö i Södra Savolax, Nyslott, lat 62,01, long 28,88),
 Kalmaluodot (ö i Södra Savolax, Nyslott, lat 61,73, long 28,49),

Robotskapade Finlandförgreningar

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Негра́ждане Эсто́нии — лица без гражданства, проживающие на территории Эстонии.

Статус этих людей регулируется «Законом об иностранцах» Эстонской Республики от 1993 года. Большинство неграждан — это бывшие граждане СССР, проживавшие на территории Эстонии и не получившие её гражданства после распада СССР.

В настоящее время большинство изначальных неграждан стало гражданами Эстонии, часть получила гражданство России или иной страны, остальные являются апатридами, официальное эстонское наименование — «лица с неопределенным гражданством» ().

Доля апатридов в населении Эстонии постоянно снижается. По данным Министерства внутренних дел Эстонии, на 1 января 2019 года число апатридов составляло 72 400 человек. По данным переписи населения Эстонии 2021 года, число апатридов в Эстонии составляет 66 592 человека (5 % населения).

История
12 января 1991 года был подписан Договор об основах межгосударственных отношений между Эстонской Республикой и Российской Советской Федеративной Социалистической Республикой. Статья III Договора декларировала право на получение или сохранение гражданства жителями договаривающихся сторон в соответствии со свободным волеизъявлением. В статье IV договора было зафиксировано положение, согласно которому выбор гражданства должен осуществляться на основании законодательств сторон.

Эстония, наряду с Латвией, в отличие от остальных бывших союзных республик СССР не реализовала «нулевой вариант» предоставления гражданства, при котором гражданство автоматически получали все жители республик.

30 марта 1992 года в Эстонии вступил в силу Закон о гражданстве 1938 года, автоматически дававший гражданство по «праву крови». Согласно этому закону гражданство Эстонской республики предоставлялось имевшим его на 16 июня 1940 года и их потомкам. Остальные жители Эстонии, не имевшие гражданства на момент аннексии Эстонии Советским Союзом, могли получить гражданство в порядке натурализации. Одним из следствий этого было лишение избирательных прав около трети жителей Эстонии, в результате чего вновь избранный в 1992 году парламент Эстонии оказался на 100 % состоящим из этнических эстонцев.

8 июля 1993 года был принят Закон об иностранцах, который регулирует статус неграждан в Эстонии.

По мнению российского социолога В. А. Ядова, одним из факторов, стимулировавших принятие закона о гражданстве, было то, что неграждане лишались права владения крупной собственностью (в начальный период эстонской приватизации наиболее привлекательная собственность оказалась во владении неэстонцев). По утверждению исследователя Эрика Андерсона, неграждане Эстонии многое потеряли во время приватизации в первой половине 1990-х годов и это могло ограничить возможности неэстонцев заняться бизнесом. По выражению социолога Марью Лауристин собственники-неграждане оказались «в подвалах», они стали владельцами мелких кафе и магазинов, размещённых в нижних этажах зданий.

В 1993 году вступил в силу Закон о требованиях к знанию эстонского языка, предъявляемых к ходатайствующим о получении гражданства. Этот закон установил привилегии для лиц эстонской национальности: они могли не сдавать экзамен по эстонскому языку. По данным на начало 2006 года, 25,3 тыс. человек получили гражданство Эстонии по упрощенной процедуре как этнические эстонцы.

В 1994 году министр народонаселения Пеэтер Олеск сделал публичное заявление, в котором содержалось предположение о том, что «многим неэстонцам придется уехать из Эстонии, потому что они не станут носителями эстонского языка».

До 1995 года требования к натурализационному экзамену по эстонскому языку устанавливались специальным постановлением правительства на основе закона о гражданстве. Форма проведения экзамена допускала субъективный подход со стороны приемной комиссии.

В 1995 году был принят новый закон о гражданстве, который добавил к основным натурализационным требованиям также экзамен на знание эстонской конституции и закона о гражданстве. Одновременно с этим, данный закон формализовывал структуру экзамена по эстонскому языку, исключив из него возможность субъективной оценки. Однако, несмотря на это, в Эстонии распространено мнение, что после принятия нового закона языковой экзамен стал сложнее.

В середине 1990-х годов бывшие советские граждане, оказавшиеся в Эстонии лицами без гражданства, испытывали проблемы с удостоверениями личности, которые нужны для проживания в Эстонии и поездок в другие страны. Все постоянно проживающие в Эстонии лица без гражданства (в то время таковыми были около 300 тыс. человек) получили право на получение паспорта иностранца. Этот паспорт может использоваться в качестве удостоверения личности как в Эстонии, так и за границей. С января 1996 года департамент миграции и гражданства Эстонии начал приём заявлений о выдаче этих паспортов.

В 1998 году Консультативный совет при министре Эстонской республики по делам национальностей принял резолюцию, в которой призвал сделать реальной возможность обретения эстонского гражданства путём упрощения процедуры натурализации для неэстонцев, длительное время проживающих в Эстонии. В 1998 году парламент принял поправки в «Закон о гражданстве», согласно которым дети, родившиеся в Эстонии после 26 февраля 1992 года, родители которых прожили в Эстонии не менее 5 лет, получили право на основании заявления родителей получить гражданство путём натурализации без обязательных экзаменов на гражданство. По мнению В. Полещука, эти поправки были приняты в ответ на давление со стороны западных стран. По состоянию на 1 сентября 2008 года 10,2 тыс. детей получили гражданство с помощью этих поправок.

В 2000 году языковой экзамен на любую категорию сложности для работников был приравнен к натурализационному экзамену по языку.

С 2002 года выпускники гимназий и профтехучилищ получили право на приобретение гражданства по упрощённой процедуре. С 2004 года срок рассмотрения ходатайствования о получении гражданства в некоторых случаях сократился в 2 раза. С этого же времени все экзамены по гражданству полностью бесплатны, а стоимость языковых курсов полностью возмещается тем, кто успешно сдал экзамен. Поправки в закон о гражданстве почти не сказались на темпах натурализации.

В мае 2004 года эстонское правительство одобрило план интеграции населения на период 2004—2007 годов, целью которого являлась натурализация минимум 5 тыс. человек в год. Этот план выполнен не был.

20 декабря 2006 года Совет Евросоюза принял решение, согласно которому с 19 января 2007 года для неграждан Эстонии был введён полностью безвизовый режим при поездках по территории всех стран Евросоюза, кроме Великобритании и Ирландии. Это решение не касалось живущих в Эстонии граждан России.

В июне 2008 года президент России Д. А. Медведев подписал указ, согласно которому лица без гражданства, проживающие в Эстонии, получили возможность приезжать в Россию без оформления виз.

В сентябре 2008 года власти Эстонии приняли решение об упрощении экзамена на получение гражданства, которое вступило в силу 1 марта 2009 года. В 2015 году упростился экзамен для лиц старше 65 лет.

С 1 января 2016 года согласно поправке к закону о гражданстве, дети лиц с неопределённым гражданством, родившиеся в Эстонии, будут получать эстонское гражданство с момента рождения в порядке натурализации. У родителей есть право на отказ от эстонского гражданства. При этом все дети до 15 лет с неопределённым гражданством, которых на конец 2015 года было 716 человек, также получают эстонское гражданство в том же порядке.

Государственная политика

Правительство Эстонии, полагая, что люди должны иметь возможность выбора гражданства, призвало лиц без определённого гражданства ходатайствовать об эстонском гражданстве путём натурализации либо о гражданстве других стран. До 2000 года процедурой натурализации воспользовалось для получения гражданства 113 000 человек.

Однако согласно интервью с бывшим директором Департамента гражданства и миграции Андресом Коллистом, опубликованному в 2000 году, политика возглавлявшегося им ведомства с самого начала строилась на стимулировании выезда из Эстонии русских, а правительством Эстонии было сделано всё возможное для осложнения получения гражданства или вида на жительство.

Международный фонд прав личности Bertelsmann () в своём отчёте за 2008 год дал такую оценку возникновения ситуации с гражданством в Эстонии:

Хотя в Эстонии сохраняются серьёзные национальные разногласия, ограничительная политика гражданства означает, что русские имеют намного меньше политических прав, в противном случае они могли бы замедлить ход реформ.

Основные усилия в натурализации неграждан были направлены правительством в пропаганду и помощь в изучении эстонского языка.

Финансирование подпрограмм эстонской Программы интеграции в 2002 году:

В 2008 году одной из главных целей официальной политики Эстонии в области гражданства было «сокращение числа лиц с неопределённым гражданством и содействие получению эстонского гражданства» Эстонское правительство считает свою политику в отношении неграждан успешной, обосновывая это общим сокращением числа лиц без гражданства с 1992 по 2008 год.

Выступая в парламенте Эстонии 15 февраля 2011 года, министр внутренних дел Эстонии Марко Померантс заявил, что проблема лиц с неопределённым гражданством решится в течение 20-25 лет естественным путём, так как эти люди вымрут. При этом он отметил, что большинство рождённых в Эстонии детей, в отличие от людей старшего возраста, получает эстонское гражданство, так как родители имеют возможность выбирать их гражданство вне зависимости от собственного.

В январе 2015 года парламент Эстонии принял поправку в Закон «О гражданстве», предоставляющий автоматически гражданство Эстонии детям неграждан.

Демография
Основные группы неграждан Эстонии — «лица с неопределённым гражданством» (по данным переписи 2000 г., 170 349 человек, 12,4 % населения, из них 133 346 русских; 2011 г., 97 437 человек, 7,1 % населения; 2021 г., 68 992 человека, 5,2 % населения) и граждане России (по тем же данным, 86 059 человек, 6,3 % населения, из них 73 375 русских; 2013 г., 93 916 человек, 6,9 % населения; 2021 г., 82 890 человек, 6,23 % населения). Эстония на 2000 год являлась вторым после России государством по доле проживающих российских граждан.

Количество неграждан в Эстонии постоянно сокращается благодаря миграции, натурализации и естественным причинам. С момента выхода Эстонии из состава СССР в 1991 году процесс натурализации прошли более 160 тыс. ходатайствовавших о гражданстве. В 1992 году гражданства Эстонии не имели 32 % жителей страны, в 1999 году 26 %, в 2000 году — 20 %. По состоянию на 1 февраля 2011 г. 8,7 % жителей в Эстонии были гражданами других государств и 7,1 % — лицами с неопределённым гражданством; в стране на этот момент проживало 97 080 лиц с неопределённым гражданством и 118 212 граждан иных стран (из них граждан РФ — 95 570). К 1 сентября 2012 года по данным Регистра народонаселения МВД Эстонии число резидентов с неопределенным гражданством составляло 92 351 человек (6,8 % населения); 120 989 человек были гражданами других государств. Большинство лиц без гражданства родилось в Эстонской ССР.

Всего в Эстонии с 1992 по конец 2007 года эстонское гражданство в порядке натурализации получили 147,2 тыс. человек, российское гражданство — 147,7 тыс. человек. С осени 2005 года количество натурализованных граждан превышает количество резидентов с неопределенным гражданством.

Численность натурализовавшихся лиц по группам (с 1992 года по 1 июля 2012 года):
 Этнические эстонцы — 25 293 человека;
 Иностранцы, поддержавшие независимость Эстонии — 24 102 человека;
 На общих основаниях — 67 279 человек;
 Дети, не достигшие 15-летнего возраста — 36 071 человек;
 За особые заслуги — 741 человек;
 Недееспособные лица и инвалиды — 863 человека.

Натурализация и её социальные аспекты

Число лиц, получивших эстонское гражданство путём натурализации, число лиц без гражданства и их доля в населении:

Социолог Клара Халлик отмечала, что выбранная модель натурализации в Эстонии предполагала создание программы массового обучения эстонскому языку, финансируемой государством, чего однако сделано не было.

После 1996 года, когда натурализация стала проводиться по более сложным правилам, наблюдалось резкое снижение темпов принятия гражданства. С 1999 года темпы натурализации в Эстонии значительно снизились. К концу 1990-х ситуация с гражданством в Эстонии оставалась напряжённой.

По данным переписи 2000 года, 170,3 тыс. человек (около 12 % населения Эстонии) были лицами без гражданства. В ряде городов доля лиц без гражданства оставалась весьма значительной. Так, в Кохтла-Ярве их доля составляла 42,7 % населения, в Нарве — 33,6 %. Среди лиц без гражданства доля русских составляла 78,3 % (133,3 тыс. человек), эстонцев — 2,9 % (4,9 тыс. человек), других национальностей — 18,5 % (31,6 тыс. человек).

14 сентября 2001 года вышло заключение Консультативного комитета Совета Европы по выполнению Европейской рамочной конвенции о защите национальных меньшинств на доклад Эстонии о выполнении этого документа. В заключении констатировались сохраняющиеся медленные темпы натурализации и был сделан вывод о том, что одним из препятствий для натурализации является завышенный уровень требований к знанию эстонского языка.

23 апреля 2002 вышел доклад Европейской комиссии по борьбе с расизмом и нетерпимостью, в котором констатировалось замедление процесса натурализации и рекомендовалось принять меры по стимулированию неграждан ходатайствовать о получении гражданства Эстонии. Согласно докладу, «несмотря на принятые поправки к Закону о гражданстве, его требования всё ещё воспринимаются многими людьми, желающими приобрести эстонское гражданство, как барьер».

Согласно «Мониторингу интеграции-2005», 70 % неэстонцев оценивали политику в области гражданства как слишком жёсткую и нарушающую права человека. Согласно социологическому опросу «Перспективы эстонцев», проведённому в Эстонии в 2006 году, 72 % лиц без гражданства и 35 % граждан России высказали желание получить гражданство Эстонии, при этом только 19 % лиц без гражданства и 9 % граждан России полагали, что смогут сдать для этого экзамен по эстонскому языку.

В 2006 году Комитет ООН по ликвидации расовой дискриминации выступил с рекомендацией Эстонии «принять дальнейшие меры для активизации процесса натурализации и упрощения доступа к нему». Комитет, в частности, рекомендовал создать для всех лиц, подавших заявления о натурализации, бесплатные и высококачественные языковые курсы, а также вновь предложил Эстонии ратифицировать Конвенцию о сокращении безгражданства и Конвенцию о статусе апатридов.

В феврале 2006 года орган Совета Европы — Европейская комиссия по борьбе с расизмом и нетерпимостью — выпустил доклад о ситуации в Эстонии. В этом докладе констатируется, что число лиц без гражданства в Эстонии (11 % населения) чрезвычайно велико, а основным препятствием для натурализации остаётся слишком сложный экзамен на знание эстонского языка.

В сентябре 2007 года председатель Парламентской ассамблеи Совета Европы Рене ван дер Линден совершил визит в Эстонию, после чего заявил, что эта страна слишком медлит с предоставлением эстонского гражданства проживающему в стране русскоязычному населению. По его мнению, Евросоюз не может допустить того, чтобы у одного из членов ЕС было такое число жителей без гражданства. Он заявил, что показатель, названный эстонским правительством, согласно которому предполагается предоставление гражданства 5-7 тыс. человек в год, является слишком низким: «Я надеюсь, правительство страны увеличит эту цифру до 10 тыс.человек, поскольку если мы говорим лишь о 5 тыс. человек в год, то процесс предоставления гражданства 100 тыс. русскоговорящего населения растянется на 20 лет». Тогда же специальный докладчик ООН по расизму, расовой дискриминации и ксенофобии Дуду Дьен заявил: «Факт, что в Эстонии много людей не имеет гражданства, что это центральная проблема в стране и её решение нужно пересмотреть». По мнению докладчика, «знать эстонский язык — это совершенно нормальное требование».

По состоянию на 2008 год около 3 тыс. детей младше 15 лет имели право получить эстонское гражданство в упрощённом порядке, но их родители не воспользовались этой возможностью. Больше всего таких лиц в Таллине и пограничном с Россией северо-восточном уезде Ида-Вирумаа.

В октябре 2010 года профессор международного права и эксперт Комиссии по интеграции Евгений Цыбуленко заявил, что число желающих получить эстонское гражданство в последние годы снижается, и выделил ряд причин этого:
 Большинство из тех, кто хотел получить гражданство, его уже получили. В частности Цыбуленко утверждал, что введение Европейским Союзом и Россией в 2007—2008 годах безвизового въезда для лиц без гражданства снизило стимулы к получению ими гражданства (поскольку гражданам Эстонии для поездки в Россию требуется оформлять въездную российскую визу).
 Для большинства лиц без гражданства экзамен на знание эстонского языка представляется оскорбительным.
 Бытует мнение, что процедура получения гражданства чересчур сложная. Она неоднократно была упрощена, но не все об этом знают.

Сам Евгений Цыбуленко получил гражданство Эстонии в 2009 году в особом порядке, за особые заслуги, справка о знании языка при этом не требуется.

В марте 2008 года Урмас Паэт заявил, что решением предоставить безвизовый въезд лицам без гражданства Россия лишает людей мотивации ходатайствовать об эстонском гражданстве и замедляет процесс натурализации при том, что Россия на протяжении 17 лет упрекала Эстонию в медленных темпах этого процесса. По мнению Паэта, «это решение подтверждает двуличность российской политики». В августе 2009 года он снова отметил, что люди по прагматичным причинам предпочитают оставаться без гражданства. В марте 2009 года Комиссар ОБСЕ по защите национальных меньшинств Кнут Воллебек заявил, что введение для неграждан безвизового пересечения границы с Россией может быть одним из объяснений, почему ходатайств о получении гражданства Эстонии стало меньше. В ноябре 2010 года посол России в Эстонии Ю. Н. Мерзляков заявил, что «ощущается нежелание значительной части "серопаспортников" выбирать то или иное гражданство: эстонское или российское». По мнению Мерзлякова, одной из причин такого нежелания является возможность обладателей «серого паспорта» свободно ездить в Евросоюз и в Россию без дополнительного оформления документов и денежных затрат.

В марте 2009 года Кнут Воллебек заявил, что неграждане недостаточно информированы о возможностях более быстрой и простой процедуры натурализации. Воллебек сказал о том, что опросы свидетельствуют об унизительности факта похода на экзамен для некоторых людей. По мнению Воллебека, то, что в Эстонии около 9 % населения не имеют гражданства, является довольно высоким показателем, а эстонскому правительству необходимо использовать для ускорения натурализации систему образования и активнее доводить информацию о возможностях получения гражданства до неграждан. При этом он заявил, что «мы не должны заставлять людей идти на экзамен, это вопрос свободного выбора, а Эстония — свободная страна». Урмас Паэт тогда же заявил, что «разговоры о проблемах неграждан имеют искусственный характер. У всех неграждан есть возможность ходатайствовать о получении гражданства и получить его. Это вопрос желания».

В 2010 году Таллинским университетом и фирмой Saar Poll по заказу министерства культуры Эстонии было проведено исследование ситуации с негражданами. Согласно этому исследованию, 73 % эстонцев и 82 % неэстонцев считают экзамен на гражданство несправедливым, 65 % эстонцев и 92 % неэстонцев — слишком сложным. Руководитель исследования, профессор сравнительной политики Таллинского университета Райво Ветик заявил, что «ситуация с негражданством особенно плоха, поскольку ценность гражданства просто упала». Согласно исследованию, одной из причин нежелания получать гражданство является недоверие эстонскому государству и его институтам, а также чувство социально-экономического неравенства среди представителей национального большинства и меньшинства, но при этом отсутствие гражданства не мешает нормальной жизни по мнению около 90 % эстонцев и 75 % русскоговорящих. Министр культуры Эстонии Лайне Янес заявила, что одной из основных причин нежелания получать гражданство является боязнь людей идти на экзамен: «Самое главное — это барьер. Люди не знают, насколько в действительности сложен экзамен на гражданство. Они боятся бюрократии». Комментируя результат этого исследования профессор Тартуского университета социолог Марью Лауристин заявила, что две трети лиц без гражданства не заинтересованы в его приобретении. По мнению Лауристин, необходим индивидуальный подход к работе с негражданами. Паэт утверждает, что такой подход уже реализуется МВД и Департаментом гражданства и миграции.

В докладе Комиссии по борьбе с расизмом и нетерпимостью при Совете Европы (ECRI), опубликованном в марте 2010 года, число людей без гражданства в Эстонии (8 % населения) оценивалось как слишком большое и отмечалось, что интеграции неграждан препятствуют слишком серьёзные требования к знанию эстонского языка. Вице-канцлер МВД Эстонии по внутренней безопасности Эркки Коорт заявил, что получение гражданства Эстонии постоянно упрощалось, и речь идёт о долгосрочном процессе.

Различия в правах
В первые годы независимости Эстонии был принят ряд законов, большая часть которых действует и в настоящее время, которые, по мнению авторов «Справочника российского соотечественника», накладывают на неграждан Эстонии несколько десятков дискриминационных ограничений.

Гражданские и политические права
В отличие от гражданина Эстонии, неграждане Эстонии не имеют права голосовать на выборах в Рийгикогу, быть избранными в него. Голосовать и быть избранными на выборах Европарламента, быть избранными в советы местных самоуправлений могут только граждане Эстонии и других стран ЕС, избирать советы местных самоуправлений — также «граждане третьих стран» (включая «лиц с неопределённым гражданством»), имеющие статус долговременного жителя или право постоянного проживания. Только граждане Эстонии и других стран ЕС могут состоять в политических партиях и создавать их. В 2011 году комитет по петициям Европарламента обсуждал петицию 3000 человек из Эстонии о предоставлении негражданам права участия в выборах Европарламента, но счёл, что вопрос находится вне компетенции Евросоюза.

Эстония — одна из стран, где неграждане имеют право голосовать на местных выборах. Это право ограничено 5-летним цензом оседлости на территории местного самоуправления. Для граждан Эстонии и Европейского союза подобного ограничения нет. Однако в большинстве стран Европы, включая Германию, Францию, Великобританию, Италию, Грецию и Россию, неграждане не имеют такого права вообще. В большинстве стран Евросоюза, однако, такие права предусмотрены.

В соответствии с Законом ЭР «О ратификации Рамочной конвенции Совета Европы о защите национальных меньшинств», неграждане исключены из числа лиц, подпадающих под действие этой конвенции, и не пользуются защитой в качестве национального меньшинства. Аналогичная норма содержится и в единственном «внутреннем» законе, посвященном национальном меньшинствам, — Законе о культурной автономии национального меньшинства.

Только для неграждан регистрация по месту жительства является обязательным условием для решения ряда проблем по реализации своих социально-экономических и политических прав.

Кроме того,
 Получив гражданство, неграждане Эстонии, как и другие натурализованные граждане, лишены возможности иметь второе гражданство. Для граждан Эстонии по праву рождения такая возможность существует вследствие наличия в эстонской Конституции запрета на лишение родного гражданства;
 Неграждане ограничены в праве на свободное передвижение в результате того, что паспорт иностранца не признается некоторыми государствами (Ботсвана, Ливан, Мадагаскар, Марокко, ОАЭ, Перу, Чили, ЮАР и др. —http://tur.prosvet.ee/ArtNews9.aspx?news_id=3079&news_type=29)). )
 Неграждане ограничены в возможности безвизового въезда в ряд государств, которые имеют соглашения с Эстонией о безвизовом режиме (но могут свободно передвигаться по странам Шенгенского соглашения с некоторыми временными ограничениями);
 Проживающие в Эстонии на основании временного вида на жительство неграждане обязаны регистрироваться в случае выезда из ЭР на срок свыше 183 дней, в случае нерегистрации их вид на жительство аннулируется (п.3 ч.2 ст.14 Закона об иностранцах).

Социально-экономические права

На неграждан Эстонии распространяются многочисленные ограничения на профессию, на приобретение недвижимости и ряд других.

Для неграждан, за исключением граждан стран ЕС, действуют ограничения на профессию. Они не имеют права занимать должности в государственных учреждениях и местных самоуправлениях (ст. 14 и 15 Закона о публичной службе от 25 января 1995; некоторые должности недоступны и гражданам других стран ЕС);

Кроме того, они не могут (некоторые примеры):
 служить в полиции, таможне, охране, нести исполнительную службу, быть прокурором, судьей, судебным заседателем, ректором университета, быть председателем и членом совета Банка Эстонии;
 быть нотариусом (ч. 1 ст. 6 Закона о нотариате от 17 июня 1993);
 быть судебным исполнителем (ч. 1 ст. 10 и ст. 50 Закона о судебных исполнителях)
 быть патентным поверенным (ч. 1 ст. 14 Закона о патентных поверенных)
 быть присяжным переводчиком (ч. 2 ст. 3 и ч. 3 ст. 12 Закона о присяжных переводчиках)
 быть лицом, чьи рабочие обязанности связаны с авиационной безопасностью (ч. 2 ст. 24-3 Закона об авиации)
 быть оператором центра управления судоходством (ч. 4 ст. 51 Закона о безопасности мореплавания)
 быть лоцманом (ч. 2 ст. 58 Закона о безопасности мореплавания)
 быть предпринимателем — физическим лицом, руководителем охраны или руководителем службы внутренней охраны, оказывающим охранные услуги (ч. 2 ст. 22 Закона об охранной деятельности)
 быть адвокатом (ч. 1 ст. 23 Закона об адвокатуре Эстонии).

Существует также ряд различий в миграционных правах, и даже в случае натурализации бывший негражданин Эстонии имеет меньшие права, чем гражданин по рождению.

В 2006 году в докладе международной правозащитной организации Amnesty International говорилось, что ограничения для неграждан, подобные запрету принимать их на государственную и муниципальную службу, негативно сказываются на возможности устроиться на работу представителям русскоязычного меньшинства и являются косвенной формой дискриминации русскоязычных.

Только эстонские граждане могут свободно распоряжаться своей собственностью и быть правомочными субъектами приватизации, а лица, не обладающие эстонским гражданством, могут быть не допущены к участию в приватизации. Только эстонский гражданин может покупать приватизационное имущество в рассрочку. При передаче иностранцу собственности на землю действуют ограничения, установленные соответствующим законом. Только достигшие 18 лет граждане Эстонии получили от государства дополнительные 10 лет трудового стажа на облигации народного капитала, основной приватизационный инструмент эпохи приватизации.

Социально-экономические показатели у лиц без гражданства существенно хуже, чем среди граждан других государств и граждан Эстонии. В частности, по данным переписи 2000 года, среди экономически активных «лиц с неопределённым гражданством» было 22,1 % безработных, среди граждан РФ — 20,2 %, среди граждан ЭР — 12,1 %. В 2005 году уровень безработицы среди меньшинств составлял 12,6 %, среди эстонцев — 5,3 %. В 2009 году показатель затяжной безработицы среди «лиц с неопределённым гражданством» составил 5,7 %, среди граждан других стран — 5,6 % (среди граждан Эстонии — 3,3 %).

Рекомендации международных организаций
Рекомендации международных организаций Эстонии включают:
 упрощение натурализации вообще или для пожилых людей;
 более эффективную регистрацию детей неграждан в качестве граждан;
 разрешение постоянным жителям, не имеющим гражданства, работать в государственном секторе, и внесение поправок в языковые требования к занятым в частном секторе с тем, чтобы дать возможность лицам, не владеющим эстонским языком, работать в отраслях, предполагающих контакты с населением, в тех регионах, где русский язык является родным для подавляющего большинства клиентов/покупателей;
 признание русскоязычного меньшинства языковым меньшинством и обеспечение его полноценной защиты согласно положениям Рамочной конвенции Совета Европы о защите национальных меньшинств;
 обеспечение полной реализации на практике законодательства, запрещающего дискриминацию при найме на работу и любую дискриминационную практику на рынке труда;
 присоединение к Конвенции о сокращении числа лиц без гражданства и Конвенции о статусе апатридов;
 отмена ограничений для неграждан на членство в политических партиях.

Примечания

Литература

 Полещук В. Неграждане в Эстонии — М.: Европа, 2005. ISBN 5-9739-0025-8 ISBN 978-5-9739-0025-0
 Бузаев В. В., Никифоров И. В. . М.: Фонд «Историческая память», 2009. 280 с. ISBN 978-5-9990-0002-6. Стр. 29—30, 46—86
  / Ред. В. В. Полещук — М.: ФИП, «Русская панорама», 2009. ISBN 978-5-93165-242-9. Стр. 110—111, 120—126
 Elsuwege P. van  « Working Papers» No. 20 (2004) ISSN 1435-9812
 Integrating Estonia's Non-Citizen Minority Human Rights Watch 1993

См. также
 Коренное население
 Население Эстонии
 Тибла
 Русский язык в Эстонии
 Неграждане (Латвия)
 Интернациональное движение трудящихся Эстонской ССР

Ссылки

 Poleshchuk V. Non-citizens in Estonia. Tallinn: 2004. ISBN 9985-9410-9-8
  на 14 мая 2008 года
  на сайте Департамента полиции и погранохраны МВД Эстонии

 Д. Е. Фурман, Э. Г. Задорожнюк Притяжение Балтии (балтийские русские и балтийские культуры) // Мир России. 2004. Т. XIII. № 3. С. 98-130
 Середенко С. Юбилей кражи гражданства // «День за днём», 2012
 Эксперты: Интеграция строит гражданское общество // err.ee, 03.11.2010
 О политике Эстонской Республики в области интеграции и натурализации. Материалы Министерства народонаселения Эстонии.
 НЕГРы не посинеют // delfi.ee — «Вести Дня», 25 ноября 2005
 Количество лиц без гражданства уменьшается, одна из главных причин — смерть // delfi.ee, 6 июня 2011
 ОБСЕ советует Эстонии упростить детям неграждан доступ к гражданству Эстонии // delfi.ee, 9 июня 2011
 МИД РФ: Россия призвала Эстонию преодолеть безгражданство // delfi.ee, 11 июня 2011

 «Сегрегация как в ЮАР». Чем трудна жизнь русских в Эстонии // РИА Новости, апр 2019
 Материалы с тегом «Неграждане» в Postimees

Эстония
Политика Эстонии
Права меньшинств
Права человека в Эстонии
Дискриминация
Население Эстонии
Неграждане


Are all lilies poisonous to cats?
All parts of the lily – including the stem, leaves, petals, stamens and pollen – are poisonous to cats. Even minor exposures (cat chewing on a leaf or getting pollen on his or her haircoat or whiskers) can be fatal.
What are the signs of lily poisoning in cats?
Many cats vomit after chewing or eating parts of a lily. However, if a cat has been exposed to a lily outdoors, the family may be unaware of the exposure.
Can my cat die from exposure to a lily?
Cats are exquisitely sensitive to lily poisoning. While the exact toxin is still unidentified, cats who are not treated promptly develop acute renal failure and die, generally within 3-6 days afterwards. Cats with acute renal failure typically have vomiting, depression, partial or complete loss of appetite and dehydration.
My cat may have been exposed to a toxic lily. What should I do?
Cats who have been seen near lilies, as well as those who have definitely ingested any part of a lily, should be seen by a veterinarian immediately. Cats who are treated within 18 hours of exposure to a toxic lily generally recover. However, in cases where treatment is delayed, the prognosis is generally poor and most cats are euthanized.
What can I expect will be done for my cat who has been exposed to a toxic lily?
Your cat's veterinarian will provide certain medications to help your cat eliminate the plant. In addition, your cat will receive intravenous fluids in the hospital for approximately 48 hours. The veterinarian may refer your cat to a specialty or emergency hospital for continued care. Bloodwork will be taken when your cat is admitted to the hospital and will be repeated in 24 and 48 hours.
Is treatment successful, if a cat is treated promptly?
Cats who receive the above care within 18 hours of exposure generally do very well. Cats who are treated later typically do not survive, even with aggressive therapy (such as dialysis).
Are there any effective at-home treatments for cats with lily poisoning?
Unfortunately, there is no home treatment that is successful in saving the lives of cats who are poisoned by lilies.


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text:
Filthy Animals by Brandon Taylor
In the series of linked stories at the heart of Filthy Animals, set among young creatives in the American Midwest, a young man treads delicate emotional waters as he navigates a series of sexually fraught encounters with two dancers in an open relationship, forcing him to weigh his vulnerabilities against his loneliness. In other stories, a young woman battles with the cancers draining her body and her family; menacing undercurrents among a group of teenagers explode in violence on a winter night; a little girl tears through a house like a tornado, driving her babysitter to the brink; and couples feel out the jagged edges of connection, comfort, and cruelty.
With Filthy Animals, Taylor trains his precise and unsentimental gaze on the tensions among friends and family, lovers and others. Psychologically taut and quietly devastating, Filthy Animals is a tender portrait of the fierce longing for intimacy, the lingering presence of pain, and the desire for love in a world that seems, more often than not, to withhold it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Bobby Womack dies age 70: Ronnie Wood leads tributes to the singer-songwriter
June 28, 2014 - 10:32 BST hellomagazine.com Bobby Womack dies age 70: Ronnie Wood of the Rolling Stones leads tributes to the singer-songwriter
Ronnie Wood led tributes to singer-songwriter Bobby Womack who has died at the age of 70.
The Rolling Stone tweeted his sadness at learning that Bobby had passed away after his publicist Sonya Kolowrat confirmed the news on Friday.
Bobby had suffered with Alzheimer's disease two years ago and had health issues including prostate cancer although the cause of his death is not yet known.
Ronnie Wood with Bobby Womack
"I'm so sad to hear about my friend Bobby Womack," wrote Ronnie on Twitter. "The man who could make you cry when he sang has brought tears to my eyes with his passing."
"My heart goes out to his family & friends and everyone who loved his music," he added. "Bobby you will be greatly missed xx"
Bobby, who had hits including Across 110th Street and Harry Hippie, influenced the Rolling Stones among other rock and roll bands in the 1960s.
I'm so sad to hear about my friend Bobby Womack ~ the man who could make you cry when he sang has brought tears to my eyes with his passing.
— Ronnie Wood (@ronniewood) June 28, 2014
In 2012, with the help of Blur frontman Damon Albarn and XL Recordings president Richard Russell, Bobby relaunched his career and released a critically-acclaimed comeback album entitled The Bravest Man In The Universe.
Damon ackowledged his friend's passing on Twitter, writing "I will see my brother in church @RealBobbyWomack."
Bobby has recently performed at Tennessee's Bonnaroo festival and had been due to perform across Europe throughout July and August.
Ronnie Wood
More about bobby womack
Ronnie Wood poses with twin daughters to mark 70th
Rolling Stones rocker Ronnie Wood undergoes lung surgery ahead of 70th birthday
Sally Wood wishes age gap between her and Ronnie 'wasn't there'
Olá Brasil! Ronnie Wood sambas into Rio
Ronnie Wood reveals the gender of his twins
Ronnie Wood's daughter Leah Wood introduces baby son Otis


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text:
Note: Editor-in-Chief Robert Royal, reporting from Rome, will join host Raymond Arroyo on EWTN's "The World Over" tonight at 8PM EDT to discuss new personnel in the curia, the papal trip to Malta, and a conference in Chicago about opposition to Pope Francis. Shows are rebroadcast at different times after the initial airing (consult your local listings) and are also usually available later on EWTN's YouTube channel. And today we inaugurate the new Events category, The Vatican Thing, with Bob Royal's first entry, "The Sciences and Homophiliac Synodality." Just click on the title or choose The Vatican Thing from the EVENTS drop-down menu above.
A group of high-ranking prelates and theologians met late last month in Chicago for an invitation-only conference on the topic of "Pope Francis, Vatican II, and the Way Forward." The conference was organized by institutes at Loyola University, Boston College, and Fordham University, with organizing help from Michael Sean Winters of the National Catholic Reporter (NCR).
One attendee, Cardinal Oscar Rodriguez Maradiaga, described to NCR what he saw as the purpose of the event: "We have this what they call 'opposition' to the pope. It's trying to build walls, going backwards – looking to the old liturgy or maybe things before Vatican II." The names of the attendees at the conference are not public, but one can assume that the presumed "opposition" was not well represented.
That there is opposition to Pope Francis in the Church is as obvious, even as it is difficult to define just what constitutes opposition. But reading NCR's reporting of the Chicago conference the phrase "shooting straw men in a barrel" comes to mind.
Among the topics discussed in Chicago (again, according to NCR reports): "the impact of moneyed conservative influence in Catholic social movements and media companies; polarization and division among U.S. bishops; the atmosphere of education at American seminaries, and the reluctance of some U.S. dioceses to implement the [synod]."
Anyone familiar with the landscape of American Catholicism or with the particular ecclesial outlook of those who organized the conference, can easily guess who is meant by the "opposition." Fair enough.
A closed-door meeting of hand-picked bishops and theologians – along with friendly reporters – sponsored by endowed centers at wealthy universities to discuss the malign influence of money in the Church and the lack of openness to synodality among a vaguely defined "opposition" is not so much nefarious as it is funny. No one should begrudge the choir a chance to be preached to now and again. I hope the conference was edifying for all involved.
One keynote address from the Chicago conference which has been published – by the National Catholic Reporter – was given by Massimo Faggioli, an historian at Villanova. "The opposition to Pope Francis," Faggioli writes, "is rooted in the opposition to Vatican II – a theological crisis that did not begin with this pontificate."
How is it that opposition to Pope Francis began before he became pope? Faggioli lays the blame primarily at the feet of Pope Benedict XVI. Pope Benedict famously contrasted the "hermeneutic of discontinuity and rupture" – an error made by both traditionalists of the Lefebvrist sort and progressives – with the "hermeneutic of reform," which allows for certain discontinuities, but preserves, in the words of Benedict, "the continuity of the one subject-Church which the Lord has given to us." Benedict continued, "It is precisely in this combination of continuity and discontinuity at different levels that the very nature of true reform consists."
But this dichotomy between rupture and reform, Faggioli argues, soon took on a life of its own, expanding and morphing beyond Benedict's original intent into a perceived dichotomy between "rupture" and mere "continuity." In this new phase, any discontinuity between the Conciliar and post-Conciliar Church was understood to be rupture, and therefore illegitimate, thus closing the door to even the "discontinuities" of authentic reform.
It's an interesting thesis, with elements of truth. It's also too precious by far. For one, the idea that most or even many Catholics in the United States – even among those in the "opposition" – see all discontinuities in ecclesial life between the pre-Conciliar Church and today as illegitimate simply doesn't withstand basic scrutiny. The American Church is very much a post-Conciliar Church, even if not in the way Faggioli would wish.
Second, and more to the point: whatever Cardinal Maradiaga or Professor Faggioli might think, very few American Catholics want to return to the 1950s; it's just that even fewer want to go back to the 1970s.
And that, more than anything else, I think, explains most American ambivalence toward Pope Francis. Why? Because, rightly or wrongly (wrongly, I would argue), a great many American Catholics see in this pontificate an attempt to return to the pastoral strategies and priorities that were the hallmark of the most disastrous era in American Catholic history. The years immediately following the Council were a catechetical, evangelical, liturgical, and vocational disaster. And that's before we get to the fact that this same era happened to coincide with the worst days of the abuse crisis in this country.
In other words, the "discontinuity" that fuels most American ambivalence about this pontificate is not a perceived discontinuity between the pre- and post-Conciliar eras, but a much-hyped discontinuity between the post-Conciliar vision of John Paul II and Benedict XVI and a carefully curated image of Francis as the last, best hope to resurrect the post-Conciliar revolution that was stymied for 35 years by John Paul II and Benedict XVI.
Who has been peddling such a caricature of Pope Francis? Where would American Catholics have learned that the great hope for this pontificate is that Francis will finally overcome the failures of his immediate predecessors, snatching "progressive" victory from the jaws of "conservative" defeat? I suspect some of the folks at that conference in Chicago could answer those questions, but as I mentioned, the list of attendees hasn't been published.
Now, I'm not entirely convinced that Pope Francis wants to roll the clock back to 1977. And if some have cast Francis in the role of progressive revolutionary, too many others, both inside and outside of the Church, have been too eager to believe that caricature – either in hope or fear.
Pope Francis is still a pope willing to "make a mess," and the Synod on Synodality next October could provide some sparks. But a return to the way things were is not going to happen. For anyone who would just as soon leave the ecclesial silly season of the 1970s in the past, that is an encouraging thought. That is not the way forward. It never was.
*Image: The Storm on the Sea of Galilee by Rembrandt, 1633 [whereabouts unknown since 1990]. This was one of 13 works of art stolen in 1990 from the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston. The paintings and culprits have never been found.
Russell Shaw's A (Perhaps) Modest Proposal about the Next Synod
Robert Royal's Who Needs Synodality?
Stephen P. White is executive director of The Catholic Project at The Catholic University of America and a fellow in Catholic Studies at the Ethics and Public Policy Center.
A Road to Nowhere - Thursday, January 26, 2023
Apples and Oranges – and Abuse - Thursday, January 12, 2023
The Old and the New - Friday, December 30, 2022
On Fatherhood and "Healthy Masculinity" - Thursday, December 15, 2022
The Trouble with Bishops' Conferences - Thursday, December 1, 2022
Our Shared Point of Reference - Thursday, November 17, 2022
Listen to the Communion of Saints - Thursday, November 3, 2022
A National Study of Catholic Priests - Thursday, October 20, 2022
The Church of 2050 - Thursday, October 6, 2022
The Lay Vocation - Thursday, September 8, 2022


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Supreme Court Agrees to Hear One of the Biggest Abortion Cases Since Roe v. Wade
This week, the U.S. Supreme Court gave the pro-life movement a reason to hope.
The court announced on Monday that it would hear a case involving a Mississippi law to decide whether states can pass laws that protect life from abortion before an unborn baby is viable (when he or she can survive outside the womb)—which is currently considered to be around 22-23 weeks gestation.
Today the Supreme Court agreed to hear a major abortion case. Every human life is valuable. And the majority of Americans support commonsense laws like Mississippi's, which protects unborn children and their mothers. We're hopeful the Supreme Court will agree.
— Kristen Waggoner (@KWaggonerADF) May 17, 2021
Praise God! This is great news. And it speaks to the strides that the pro-life movement has made since the Supreme Court's Roe v. Wade decision, which legalized abortion across the country.
Since 1973, when Roe was decided, more than 60 million unborn children have lost their lives to abortion. And countless mothers have suffered through the physical and psychological toll that abortion takes on them. Some have even lost their lives to abortion.
Though abortion activists would have you believe that Mississippi's policy is extreme, that's not even close to true…U.S. law is.
In fact, 90 percent of countries worldwide have laws limiting abortion at 15 weeks or earlier like Mississippi's. We are one of only four nations that permits abortion-on-demand throughout all nine months of pregnancy, along with China and North Korea.
That's quite the short list. And it's certainly not something to be proud of.
The reality is that most Americans support commonsense laws like Mississippi's, which protects unborn children and their mothers.
Mississippi's Law Protects Unborn Children
At 15 weeks, unborn babies have a heartbeat, can move around and kick, sense movement outside the womb, taste what mom eats, open and close their fingers, and hiccup. They can also likely sense pain—which is undoubtedly what an abortion inflicts when it requires the unborn baby to be crushed and torn apart. That has no place in a civilized society.
Mississippi's Law Advances Women's Physical and Emotional Health and Well-Being
The Mississippi law recognizes that women deserve real health care, not dangerous procedures that are unnecessary and devastating. This law ensures women are not put at the greater risk of death, illness, or psychological trauma that later-term abortions cause. For example, in abortions performed after 15 weeks, women face a higher risk of needing a hysterectomy, other reparative surgery, or a blood transfusion. The risk of a woman dying due to an abortion also increases exponentially as her pregnancy progresses.
Every human life is valuable and deserves to be protected. Most Mississippians agree. Most Americans agree. Most countries around the world agree.
Join us in praying that the Supreme Court agrees as well.
To stay up to date on this important Supreme Court case, sign up for our emails.
"Worth It": A Conversation With the Director
"I wanted to show how rewarding choosing life can be while acknowledging the real-life struggle and pain for the mother."
A Rally for Life: How the Pro-life Movement Spans Boundaries
Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization will provide the best opportunity in a generation to overturn Roe and Casey.
How Kathy Sparks' Tragic History Motivates Her to Fight For Life
Kathy Sparks, president and CEO of a thriving pregnancy care center, has spent 34 years helping more than 20,000 clients. But Kathy wasn't always pro-life.


After trying a batch of ice cream bread, I was a little disappointed in the mild, almost bland, taste. I decided to add some cake mix and adjust the recipe to enhance the flavor. The result was moist and delicious – a savory fusion of bread and cake.
Any flavor of regular (not low-fat) ice cream should work. You can have fun adding candy bits, nuts, chocolate chips, sprinkles, or whatever appeals to you.
Combine dry ingredients, beaten egg and ice cream. Mix well. If desired, stir in nuts. Pour mixture into greased loaf pan. Spread sprinkles on top.
Bake in pre-heated 350° oven for 35 to 40 minutes, or until toothpick inserted in center comes out clean.


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text:
Chapter 650 - First Battle
Chapter 650: First Battle
Translator: Nyoi-Bo Studio Editor: Nyoi-Bo Studio
Tan Shuo nodded in agreement.
He pushed the small cart along the way and followed behind the two.
After passing through a twisting passage at the back, the group came to another small room at the side.
The two necromancers carefully checked the identity certificates of Fang Heng and the other two, then handed three sets of burning soul candles to them.
"Respected scholars, the fallen corridor is full of danger. Please take good care of your soul candles."
"Once the soul candles are extinguished, we will sense it and immediately send people into the corridor to check it out. Therefore, please extinguish the soul candles as soon as possible if you encounter any danger that is difficult to resist."
"The soul candles can be burned for 24 hours. Please be careful and return to any exit before the soul candles are automatically extinguished."
"The exit door will open automatically once it senses the soul candle."
The attendant instructed the three of them, "Please be careful. If something unfortunate happens and the soul candle goes out, we will consider whether to revoke your right to enter the fallen corridor according to the actual situation."
Fang Heng and the other two nodded to show that they understood.
"Please follow me."
Under the guidance of the attendant, the three of them once again walked to a small door at the back of the room.
They passed through the pathway behind the small door until they reached the end.
The door in front of them sensed the approaching soul candle and automatically opened.
Looking at the scene behind the door, Fang Heng could not help but squint his eyes.
A maze?
What appeared in front of Fang Heng was a giant-sized maze. With a glance, he could see several forks in front of him.
"Yes, it's a maze designed for souls. The maze can trap them and make them fall again."
The attendant explained, he continued to raise his head and said, "Don't worry about getting lost in the maze. The soul candles will guide you in the direction you want to leave. Remember, each soul candle can burn for a maximum of 24 hours. Please reserve at least two hours to leave in advance."
"The closer you are to the periphery of the fallen corridor, the weaker the soul body. On the other hand, the deeper you go, the stronger the soul body, and the flame of the soul candle will gradually weaken."
"The soul candle can be used as a basis to determine your current position."
"Finally, please do not reveal any details about what you saw or heard in the fallen corridor to the outside world. Thank you."
"Peace to your souls."
As the attendant spoke, he retreated from the fallen corridor and waited outside the door quietly.
Fang Heng nodded. He did not immediately go forward to explore. Instead, he raised his head and looked up.
It was about five meters tall and the ceiling was tightly sealed by the stone wall.
There were soul candles hanging on the surrounding stone walls at a certain distance.
The faint light emitted by the soul candles illuminated the entire passage of the maze.
Fang Heng tried to walk to the side of the stone wall again. He stretched out his hand and gently knocked on the wall.
"Dong Dong Dong…"
The sound of the knocking was unusually dull.
The stone wall felt very delicate and cold. It did not seem like a normal stone.
"Fang Heng, we can start applying the potion."
Li Shaoqiang also looked around.
After confirming that there was no danger, he took a deep breath and nodded at Tan Shuo who was behind him.
The two of them took out their crossbow arrows and carefully smeared the potion that they had spent a large sum of money on on the crossbow arrows.
"The potion's effect duration is about three hours. The effect will gradually weaken as time passes. In theory, it will only lose its effect after five hours. Safety first, let's not waste time. Use the potion every three hours to ensure the effect."
Li Shaoqiang instructed carefully.
Fang Heng looked at the two people who were being so careful and raised his guard.
Unfortunately, the special effect of the blood blade skill attached to the wrist guard of the holy weapon of vampires was to continuously cut and bleed. It was considered physical damage and was ineffective against soul creatures.
Otherwise, if he used the blood blade cut directly, he would not need to spend much money.
With this thought, Fang Heng took out the machete on his back and evenly applied a layer of potion to the machete.
Seeing that everyone was ready, Li Shaoqiang took the lead and moved forward.
Fang Heng and Tan Shuo followed at the back, pulling the small cart along the way.
"I've never been here before, but I heard a friend brag about it when he was drunk. He said that it's rare to find a soul in the periphery. We have to go a little deeper. The deeper we go, the more souls will wander around."
Li Shaoqiang tried his best to tell as much information as he knew. "I also heard that this place was built after the miracle fallen corridor of the death realm. It was built in the form of a maze, and it has the ability to trap souls."
"Miracle?!" Hearing this, Fang Heng's heart skipped a beat, and his interest was immediately piqued. He looked at Li Shaoqiang and said, "Let's talk about this."
"Ah? What?" Li Shaoqiang was confused. "Miracle is a miracle. It's just a title. What's wrong? What's wrong?"
"Forget it. It's nothing. Let's continue."
It seemed that Li Shaoqiang did not know that miracle was a special attribute of the game.
Fang Heng shrugged and continued to walk forward.
At the same time, he began to memorize the location of the entire maze.
After a moment, everyone stopped.
At the fork in the road ahead, under the illumination of the soul fire, a faint shadow could be clearly seen.
It was a soul body!
Everyone instantly became vigilant.
Other than the face, the soul body already had a partial appearance before it died.
Fang Heng could identify the armor it was wearing, and he could even see that it was holding a tachi in its hand.
The soul noticed Fang Heng and the others. It slowly turned its head to look at the three of them, and then quickly floated toward them.
"He's here. Be careful."
Li Shaoqiang and Tan Shuo both had rich theoretical experiences, but this was their first time encountering a real soul. They were a little nervous, and at the same time, they raised the crossbow in their hands and aimed it at the soul.
That was why the beginner necromancers were not willing to come to this godforsaken place.
They only learned a few necromancy spells, so they could only rely on brute force to deal with them.
In comparison, Fang Heng was a complete noob.
He stared at the elementary soul that floated over.
Compared to the previous soul, the elementary soul looked even more focused. With the equipment, the lower part of its body below its calves fell into nothingness.
Its movement speed was not fast.
Let's test its strength!
"Don't act first, I'll give it a try."
Fang Heng waved his hand and signaled Tan Shuo and Li Shaoqiang to step back. He took a few steps forward and prepared to try to deal with the elementary soul body alone.
"Fang Heng, be careful, don't force yourself."
Li Shaoqiang and Tan Shuo took a few steps back and aimed the crossbow at the soul body.
If something went wrong, they would act immediately to ensure that Fang Heng would not be in danger.
The elementary soul body attacked Fang Heng from the front. It raised the tachi in its hand.
"Swoosh!"
The tachi drew a cold light in the air.
Fang Heng raised the machete in his hand and waved it forward casually.
The machete hit the tachi.
"Dong!!"
Li Shaoqiang felt a pounding vibration on his eardrum.


When I was 12 years old, a computer expert came to our school, speaking about the future of technology. He told us every citizen in America would no longer need to use postal mail to send letters–we would soon be able to write letters electronically.
We couldn't get our heads around this…electronic letters? Of course, now we know he was talking about "e-mail." A technology doing the same thing as postal mail, but doing it so much better, that we never look back.
Once you experience the benefit of transformational innovation–there's no turning back.
Now, the online advertising industry ($70 billion spent globally each year) is reaching a new point where there's no turning back. Today's online measurement systems defining $70 billion of success, are woefully inadequate. Or…wrong.
Imagine you're managing a multi-million dollar online ad budget. And you learn that today's outdated online ad tracking systems give 100% transaction credit to the very last clicked or last viewed ad before an online transaction.
Example: if four Internet ads contribute to a transaction; today's outdated systems allocate entire credit to the fourth, last ad–ignoring the first three ads, which actually drove the revenue.
Zero credit to revenue drivers, and 100% credit to the last ad placed. Frightening.
But enter the full funnel media attribution model. Robust media attribution systems like this recognize credit should be assigned to a team of Internet ads versus the last ad.
So how does attribution modeling work?
At a basic level, C3 assigns credit to Originators, Assists, and Converters within a transaction.
A media attribution model should capture all online media sources from the top of the funnel where sales are originated…all the way down to the very bottom of the funnel. So in a $100 transaction, an Originator would receive a fraction of $100 attributed to them—and the Assist and Converter also receive fractional credit of the $100 amount attributed to them respectively.
100% of revenue credit is thus attributed and split among Originators, Assists, and Converters—accounting for the actual drivers of revenue, and matched to media cost to then determine, you guessed it, return on investment (a simple ratio C3 calls, Attributed Revenue-to-Spend Ratio).
But not all attribution models are created equal. Read here for seven key details you should know before using any attribution system. But if you find the right attribution system, where will it take you?
If you remember the book, "Oh the Places You'll Go," it's a book you can't put down, because you want to get to the end–that's where you discover how everything turns out.
It turns out well: millions of dollars in profit.
Full Funnel Attribution™ is here—once you go, you'll never look back.


These are ideal for belly dancers looking to add another dimension to their show.
Leather hand grips hold the candles securely in place allowing you complete freedom of movement.
I love these, they are comfortable and well made, only thing is one is slightly larger than the other, so one fits very snug and the other is looser so I can fit an extra finger through the hand piece.


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Roswitha Steiner, née le  à Radstadt, est une skieuse alpine autrichienne.

Jeux olympiques d'hiver

Championnats du monde

Coupe du monde
 Meilleur résultat au classement général :  en 1988
 Vainqueur de la coupe du monde de slalom en 1986 et 1988
 8 victoires : 8 slaloms

Différents classements en coupe du monde

Détail des victoires

Arlberg-Kandahar
 Meilleur résultat :  dans le slalom 1983-84 à Sestrières

Naissance en juin 1963
Naissance à Radstadt
Skieuse alpine autrichienne
Skieuse alpine aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1984
Skieuse alpine aux Jeux olympiques d'hiver de 1988
Gagnante de la Coupe du monde de slalom de ski alpin


Former President Jimmy Carter arrived in a small plane at what everyone referred to as the "Doba airstrip;" though how anyone could distinguish it from the other vast, empty tracts of land in southern Chad I didn't know. Agents wearing vests with dozens of tiny pockets secured the area. A man with a walkie-talkie insisted that we, a small gaggle of Peace Corps volunteers, stand on the far side of a shallow trench. The trench was a yard across at most, and presumably provided drainage for the airstrip, though it rained on this parched piece of land only once or twice a year.
"Yes!" we cried. He shook our hands and thanked us for our service.
His visit to Doba began with extended ceremonial greetings of government officials. Then he toured a neighborhood, moving from hut to hut, meeting people who suffered from river blindness or guinea worm. We followed the whole way, a small American entourage in his wake.
The tour eventually led to the edge of a peanut field. The Chadians had heard Carter was once a peanut farmer, but none of them believed it. A crowd gathered, full of anticipation. Carter wandered a few feet into the stalks. He grabbed one, examining it in a way that signified nothing to me but clearly indicated to the crowd that he knew his way around a peanut plant. A gasp went up. "It's true!" People turned to each other and exclaimed. "Only a real peanut farmer would ever do that!" Carter smiled, an open, genuine smile. When the noise died down, he remarked on the plant and the field, again in language that meant nothing to me, but identified him as a farmer among farmers. A tremendous charge passed through the group. A fundamentally American idea had been demonstrated: you could start anywhere, become anyone. The possibilities were fantastic. Unlimited. I could see it in the faces of the people around me; it was a revelation. I had to choke back tears.
I was so inspired right then that I was disappointed in the speech he eventually gave, which focused on treatments for guinea worm and river blindness. This was, after all, the purpose of his visit. He held up a pill of the kind being distributed in the region by Africare.
"If you take this pill you will never, ever, ever go blind!" he shouted.
He paused for this to be translated into Ngambay. He repeated it three times, each time sounding like a holy roller exhorting his congregation, each time pausing for the Chadian translator to repeat the exhortation. The speech was not at all presidential. But I'm sure it had the intended effect — his credibility at that moment was very high. A peanut farmer who'd become the leader of the free world. He was capable of anything. Surely, he was right about this.
When the event was over I was surrounded by students who bombarded me with questions.
"He's a humanitarian," I said.
This was meaningless to them.
"Bill Clinton lets him live there?" It was 1994, and most Chadians knew and liked Bill Clinton.
This was met with silence. They took it in, thought it over. This bloodless transition of power – it was another revelation.
"And you have peace?" someone finally asked.
Stephanie Bane is an account planner in an ad agency in Pittsburgh, and a recent graduate of Pacific University's MFA program. She's currently working on a manuscript about the time she spent in Chad. This is her first appearance in a literary journal. The author blogs on the origin of this essay here.
Gratitude from another Pittsburgher – for the view from afar of what we take for granted in this country. For the reminder that peace makes all our other blessings possible.


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XBOX S X
Observer: System Redux
Stories: The Path of Destinies
PC PS4
Stories: The Path of Destinies is an action role-playing game developed by Spearhead Games. It was released for Microsoft Windows and PlayStation 4 on April 16, 2016.
In the game, the player controls an anthropomorphic fox named Reynaldo that is part of a resistance force fighting against an oppressive Emperor. The player controls Reynaldo from a third-person perspective, using a combination of attack combos to defeat foes, gain experience to unlock new combat skills, and craft new weapons that unlock parts of levels. During his escapades, Reynaldo comes across a magic book that lets him see potential choices and their results, and subsequently go back and make different choices; however, Reynaldo retains all the experience and upgrades earn at that point, thus able to proceed along different paths at these points. The goal is to seek the best-possible ending out of the twenty-four that are set in the game.
Release Date:2016, April 16Genre:Action role-playing gameRating:TeenDeveloped By:Spearhead GamesPublisher:Spearhead GamesPrice:$14.99
Top Game Rankings
The act of being, insanely, dangerously, crazy, excited, or esstatic for something. You are so excited you feel a wace go through your entire body, and it gets so intense you feel as if you are going to have an out of body experience.
Molly -Yo, scott are you hyped?!
Scott - Are you fucking kidding! I cant wait!!!! LETS GET IT!
Molly - You good, your shaking!
Scott - IM HYPED
Games 3DS Featured Games News PC Previews PS Vita PS3 PS4 PS5 Reviews Switch Wii Wii U Xbox 360 Xbox One XBOX S X
PlayStation is open to buy more studios after the acquisition of Insomniac
PS5: Zen 2 CPU will help create huge worlds and advanced artificial intelligence
Death Stranding has a Sam Porter figure of $ 3600
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text:
ResourcesJournal
Ethical Considerations for Disseminating Research Findings on Gender-Based Violence, Armed Conflict, and Mental Health: A Case Study from Rural Uganda (Papers: Jennifer J. Mootz, et al | June 2019)0
Posted by Admin in on July 8, 2019
Gender-based violence (GBV) is a major public health problem that is exacerbated in armed conflict settings. While specialized guidelines exist for conducting research with GBV, guidance on disseminating findings from GBV research is scant. This paper describes ethical considerations of designing and disseminating research findings on GBV, armed conflict, and mental health (including alcohol misuse) in conflict-affected settings in Northeastern Uganda. Following completion of two research studies, we conducted a half-day dissemination meeting with local community professionals (n=21) aged 24 to 60. Attendees were divided into small groups and given a quiz-style questionnaire on research findings to prompt discussion. Two primary ethical tensions arose. One ethical consideration was how to disseminate research findings equitably at the participant level after having taken care to collect data using safe and unharmful methods. Another ethical issue concerned how to transparently share findings of widespread problems in a hopeful and contextualized way in order to facilitate community response. We recommend planning for dissemination a priori, engaging with partners at local levels, and grounding dissemination for action in evidence-based practices.
Mootz, J. J., Taylor, L., Milton L. Khoshnood, W. & Khoshnood, K. (2019) Ethical Considerations for Disseminating Research Findings on Gender-Based Violence, Armed Conflict, and Mental Health: A Case Study from Rural Uganda. Health and Human Rights Journal.
Publisher (Open Access): https://www.hhrjournal.org/2019/06/ethical-considerations-for-disseminating-research-findings-on-gender-based-violence-armed-conflict-and-mental-health-a-case-study-from-rural-uganda/
A peer review card exchange game (Papers: Ružica Tokalićb & Ana Marušić | August 2018)0
Peer review aims to ensure the quality of research and help journal editors in the publication process. COST action PEERE, which explores peer review, including its efficiency, transparency and accountability, organised a peer review school endorsed by EASE. We developed a card exchange game based on responsibility and integrity in peer review for a hands-on training session.
We used the approach for the development of training materials about responsible research and innovation developed by the HEIRRI project, and the principles of the card game for the popularisation of the philosophy of science.
We created 32 card statements about peer review, distributed across 6 domains: Responsiveness, Competence, Impartiality, Confidentiality, Constructive criticism and Responsibility to science. We adapted the instructions for the game and tested the game during the peer review school at the University of Split School of Medicine, Croatia, May 2018. The feedback by the participants was very positive.
The Peer Review Card Exchange Game could be used as an introductory activity for teaching integrity and ethics in peer review training.
Peer review, training, card game, research integrity
Tokalićb, R. & Marušić, A (2018) A peer review card exchange game. Journal: European Science Editing. 44(3) August 2018
Publisher (Open Access): http://europeanscienceediting.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/ESEAug18_origarticle.pdf
Supplement: ESE Peer Review Card Exchange Game_Supplement 1 Cards
Supplement 2: ESE Peer Review Card Exchange Game_Supplement 2 Instructions
Peer Review Week Is Five! – Scholarly Kitchen (Alice Meadows | June 2019)0
It's hard to believe that this year Peer Review Week (PRW) will celebrate its fifth anniversary. Five years ago, it was literally not even a twinkle in anyone's eye! So, as we prepare for #PeerRevWk19 (September 16-20), I thought Scholarly Kitchen readers might enjoy a look back at the history of this annual celebration of the essential role that peer review plays in maintaining scientific and scholarly quality.
Year One (September 28 – October 2, 2015)
The first ever Peer Review Week was really a piece of last-minute serendipity. It grew out of a conversation in August, 2015 between ORCID, which I had recently joined as Director of Communications, and AAAS*. At ORCID, we were about to launch the beta version of our peer review functionality, enabling organizations to recognize peer review activities by adding them to ORCID records, while AAAS — an ORCID member — had recently acquired PRE (Peer Review Evaluation). So we were brainstorming ways we could work together, and came up with the idea of a week of posts celebrating peer review on the ORCID blog. But then we thought, why stop there!? So we invited a handful of other organizations that we knew were especially interested in the topic to join the celebrations — ScienceOpen, Sense About Science (whose annual lecture that year inspired the dates for Peer Review Week), and Wiley (my former company). We had all of six weeks or so to organize ourselves, so it was a case of all hands on deck, but amazingly we did (just about!) pull it off (see Welcome to Peer Review Week). Much more importantly, it started a wider conversation about the need to regularly celebrate the importance of peer review to scholarly communications, with numerous other organizations expressing interest in participating.
Year Two (September 19 – 26, 2016)
Thankfully, planning for Peer Review Week 2016 started a lot earlier and involved over 20 organizations, including the original founders. The planning committee decided to choose a theme for each year's celebrations, starting with "Recognizing Peer Review" for 2016. One of our goals was to recognize peer review in all its many forms, from grant application through promotion and tenure, to conference abstracts, publications, and more. As part of that effort, we started our now annual week of Peer Review Week posts here on the Kitchen, including an interview with Maryanne Martone of Hypothes.is about the importance of annotations as a form of review, and a conversation between Chefs Alison Mudditt and Karin Wulf, as well as Mary Francis of University of Michigan Press, about peer review in the humanities and social sciences. And we created our own video of interviews with people from a range of organizations about how and why their organizations recognize review.
Read the rest of this discussion piece
Guidelines for open peer review implementation (Paper: Tony Ross-Hellauer and Edit Görögh | February 2019)0
Posted by Admin in on June 28, 2019
Open peer review (OPR) is moving into the mainstream, but it is often poorly understood and surveys of researcher attitudes show important barriers to implementation. As more journals move to implement and experiment with the myriad of innovations covered by this term, there is a clear need for best practice guidelines to guide implementation. This brief article aims to address this knowledge gap, reporting work based on an interactive stakeholder workshop to create best-practice guidelines for editors and journals who wish to transition to OPR. Although the advice is aimed mainly at editors and publishers of scientific journals, since this is the area in which OPR is at its most mature, many of the principles may also be applicable for the implementation of OPR in other areas (e.g., books, conference submissions).
Peer review, Guidelines, Open peer review, Scholarly publishing, Open science
Ross-Hellauer, T. and Görögh, E. (2019) Guidelines for open peer review implementation. Research Integrity and Peer Review. 4(4)
Publisher (Open Access): https://researchintegrityjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41073-019-0063-9


text:
Bashkir State Medical University
BSMU Alumni
Cell Culture Laboratory
BSMU Clinic
United Center of Simulation-Based Training
Curriculum and Degrees
Students international exchanges
Joint PhD Program with Universities of China
Foreign Partners
International scientific events
Association of Sino-Russian Medical Universities
BSMU Press Team
BSMU Clinic is a unique medical institution, and a teaching, medical and scientific base of Bashkir State Medical University. There are 625 beds, annually over 24 000 patients get treatment; more than 10 000 surgeries are performed, and about 4 000 babies are delivered here. It is equipped with modern CT and MRI, up-to-date digital biplane angiography system with electrophysiology laboratory and intracardiac navigation system and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
BSMU Clinic surgeons perform high-tech surgeries, among which there are placement of intrabronchial valves, surgical reconstruction of trachea, video-assisted thoracic lobectomy, endovascular manipulations, minimally invasive abdominal surgeries, laparoscopic liver and pancreas resections, prostatectomy, stomach and small intestine reconstructive surgeries, pelvic exenterations, brachytherapy, cryoablation of bone metastases.
BSMU Clinic regularly hosts master-classes of prominent Russian and foreign specialists in order to promote transfer of leading medical technologies. About 50 master-classes are performed annually. Such prominent doctors visit BSMU Clinic: RAS Academician R.S. Akchurin (valve replacement), Professor P.V. Tsar'kov (surgery of pelvic floor, surgical treatment of rectocele), Professor V.N. Yegiev (treatment of ventral hernia), Professor D.P. Dundua (percutaneous coronary intervention with coronary arteries stenting through radial route), Professor P.K. Yablonsky (video-assisted thoracic lung resection, lymph node dissection on lung cancer), and Professor E.A. Gallyamov (mini-invasive technologies in abdominal surgery and urology), Professor V.D. Trufanov (radiowave surgery in gynaecology), Professor M.I. Kogan (reconstructive surgery of urethra), Professor B.Y. Alexeev (kidney cancer: new treatment opportunities), Professor Julia Shale from Germany (pulmonary emphysema, placement of intrabronchial valves), Professor Alois Fuerst from Germany (laparoscopy in coloproctology, 3D surgery of colorectal cancer), Professor Wolf F. Wieland (laparoscopic kidney resection), Professor Jens-Uwe Stolzenburg (laparoscopy and robotic surgery), Professor Lucas Prantl (plastic surgery), Professor Peng Bing from Sichuan University, China (laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenal resection), Professor Marco van Strijen from Netherlands (cryoablation of bone metastases) etc.
In 2018 the Robotic Surgery Center has been opened in BSMU Clinic.
Robot-assisted surgery is at the forefront of operative medicine. Technical progress, reflected in the improvement of computer technology, digital equipment and robotic instruments allowed us to bring minimally invasive surgery to an entirely new level of visualization and accuracy.
Surgical robot is a rack with four manipulators. An operating surgeon, located behind the remote control console, controls the movements of the camera and manipulators. The increased three-dimensional image of high definition (3D, HD) allows the surgeon to visualize anatomical structures more detailed, which, together with precision instruments with high freedom of movement, provides the most accurate tissue dissection.
450083 Russian Federation, Republic of Bashkortostan, Ufa, Shafiev Str, 2
Tel.: + 7 (347) 223-11-92
Fax: +7 (347) 223-11-42
E-mail: kbgmu@bashgmu.ru
Web-site: http://www.kbgmu.ru/
© Bashkir State Medical University, 2020


Today's biggest radio hosts are mourning Casey Kasem after learning the 82-year-old legend has died.
Ryan Seacrest, who took over Kasem's American Top 40 show in 2004, paid tribute to his idol in a statement.
Kasem hosted the nationally syndicated show for 24 years. He died Sunday after battling dementia – and being the center of a bitter and very public family dispute over his well-being.
But Seacrest remembered Kasem for his vibrant life and iconic career.
Carson Daly, who hosts a morning show on Los Angeles's KAMP-FM, also gave his condolences.
"Long before MTV and the internet #CasyKasem made sure you were hearing the best music out there," he Tweeted on Sunday.


Wonders Bead Shop features a huge selection of mineral, glass, stone and metal beads, including all the findings, wire and stringing materials needed to create magnificent jewelry.
We bought lots of new, ever popular SELENITE. Lisa even found Selenite beads!
Find some Pearls wrapped in jewelry.
Find a HUGE selection of Beaded Necklaces inside our Bead Shop.


An Arizona company sued Apple in federal court last week over the "iCloud" trademark, court documents show.
One legal expert said Apple would likely settle the case for cash.
iCloud Communications, a Phoenix-based provider of VoIP (voice over Internet) and other online services, claimed in a complaint filed Friday that Apple is treading on the trademark it's been using for several years.
Earlier this year, Apple acquired the "icloud.com" domain from Swedish company Xcerion. iCloud Communications uses the domain "geticloud.com" for its Web site.
Apple CEO Steve Jobs unveiled his company's iCloud service last week during the opening keynote of the Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), where he talked up the new free online sync and storage service that for most users will replace the three-year-old MobileMe.
At first glance, it may seem Apple has the edge with the iCloud trademark. Last week it registered 11 applications with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO), and has reportedly acquired the already-existing U.S. trademark formerly registered to Xcerion.
Meanwhile, iCloud Communications has not registered the "iCloud" trademark with USPTO, according to searches of the agency's database.
But that doesn't prevent iCloud from taking its complaint to court, or even winning, a legal expert said today.
"Although a trademark registration does give you additional rights, there are also what are called 'common law rights,'" said Brad Salai, a partner with Harter Secrest & Emery who practices patent and trademark law.
Common law trademark rights stem from use of a mark, explained Salai, particularly in a limited geographic area, such as a city or state.
"A trademark from the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office expands that area nationwide," he noted, but isn't necessarily the determining legal factor in ownership.
Key to the case, said Salai, is whether iCloud Communications can show an overlap between its services and Apple's. The latter is slated to launch in full this fall.
Salai also anticipated that iCloud Communications would oppose Apple's trademark registrations with the USPTO. "I would expect iCloud Communications to oppose those applications," he said.
If iCloud Communications' claims are accurate — that it's used the mark since 2005, and used it widely — Salai said Apple would likely settle the dispute out of court. "It's speculative, but if what iCloud Communications alleges is true, then Apple will be forced to settle," Salai said.


text:
Day 19: Acts 7:23-43 & Prov. 9:1-12 - How is Moses a Foreshadowing of Jesus?
Today's Reading: Acts 7:23-43 & Prov. 9:1-12
"He supposed that his brothers would understand that God was giving them salvation by his hand, but they did not understand." - Acts 7:25
How is Moses a Foreshadowing of Jesus?
In the Gospels, Jesus criticized the Pharisees and religious leaders in Israel for their failure to recognize Him as their Messiah. He said to them. "You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; and it is they that bear witness about me." (John 5:39) Now, in Acts 7, Stephen is on trial before the same Jewish council that condemned his Lord, and he offers the same testimony: The Scriptures God gave to Israel testify about Jesus.
As Stephen continues his Bible history lesson for the Sanhedrin, he spends considerable time focusing on Moses, drawing out aspects of Moses' life that foreshadow Jesus. Moses was the greatest deliverer of God's people until the coming of Jesus and in the details of his life and the deliverance he brought, we can see hints of Jesus, as God was preparing His people for the true and final Deliverer.
Here are some of the parallels that Stephen highlights in today's passage:
Moses came to God's people to bring them salvation, but they did not understand and rejected him. (v. 25)
God's people mocked and taunted Moses. (v. 27)
God sent Moses to deliver His people from bondage and slavery. (v. 34)
God's people resented Moses and did not want him to rule over them. (v. 35)
Moses was both ruler and redeemer of God's people. (v. 35)
The Israelites refused to obey Moses and thrust him aside. (v. 39)
Prior to Moses, the greatest deliverer of the people of God had been Joseph, and they had sold him into slavery. It seems clear that God's people have a history of rejecting their saviors.
Stephen wanted the Jewish leaders to see that their rejection of Jesus did mean that Jesus was not the Messiah. The Jewish leadership wanted God's people to think that Jesus could not possibly be the Messiah, because they had tried and condemned Him. But God's people had violently rejected Joseph and had rejected Moses multiple times, too.
In fact, one of the key verses that the New Testament church came to understand as explaining Jesus was Psalm 118:22: "The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone." Jesus Himself quoted this verse in the Gospels and then Peter quoted it in his trial before the Sanhedrin in Acts 4 and in his first letter.
We can often be tempted to think that the world's rejection of Jesus and His Gospel means that we're doing something wrong, that we need to change. But the truth is that Jesus told us to expect rejection from the world, which is exactly what He experienced, too. But God works through the world's rejection. He did it in the lives of Joseph and Moses. He did it on the cross through Jesus. He is doing it through His church around the world, too.
Heavenly Father, Thank You for loving us and for giving us life in Your Son. Thank You that the stone that the builders rejected has indeed become the cornerstone, the chief stone of the new and living Temple. Thank You that You have made us living stones in that Temple and that You are shaping us and making us into a house for Your glory. Let us trust You and follow You always. In Jesus' name, Amen.
Prayer Based on Proverbs 9:1-12:
Oh Lord, Your house is built by wisdom.
Your table is set with the feast of knowledge and understanding.
We are simple and needy, and so we come to You.
Satisfy us with Your truth and fill us with the good things of Your house.
Father, the world makes false promises,
offering empty things that can never satisfy.
You alone have the food that satisfies,
found in Your Son, Jesus Christ, the perfect wisdom.
Your house is Your church, build on the foundation of Christ.
You call Your people and make us Your dwelling place.
Make us holy and satisfy us with Yourself,
that we may dwell in You and You in us forever.
Father, lead us to leave our simple ways behind,
and satisfy us with the Bread of Life.
Let us live in the fear of the Lord,
and so find true wisdom, which comes from You.
In Jesus' name, Amen.
Labels: Acts
Day 23: Acts 8:4-8 & Prov. 10:24-32 - Do You Go Ab...
Day 22: Acts 8:1-3 & Proverbs 10:12-23 - How Does ...
Day 21: Acts 7:54-60 & Prov. 10:1-11 - How Can the...
Day 20: Acts 7:44-53 & Prov. 9:13-18 - What Was Go...
Day 19: Acts 7:23-43 & Prov. 9:1-12 - How is Moses...
Day 18: Acts 7:1-22 & Prov 8:22-36 - How Well Shou...
Day 17: Acts 6:8-15 & Prov 8:1-21 - Why is Christi...
Day 16: Acts 6:1-7 & Prov. 7 - Why Does the Church...
Day 15: Acts 5:17-42 & Proverbs 6:20-35 - How Do W...
Day 14: Acts 5:12-16 & Prov. 6:12-19 - Why Did God...
Day 13: Acts 5:1-11 & Prov. 6:6-11 - How Serious i...
Day 12: Acts 4:32-37 & Prov. 6:1-5 - Are Believers...
Day 11: Acts 4:23-31 & Prov. 5 - Are We Boldly Pra...
Day 10: Acts 4:1-22; Prov. 4:20-27 - How Should We...
Day 9: Acts 3:11-26 & Prov. 4:10-19 - How Should W...
Day 8: Acts 3:1-10 & Prov. 4:1-9 - Why Doesn't God...
Day 7: Acts 2:42-47 & Prov. 3:13-35 - How Does the...
Day 6: Acts 2:14-41 & Proverbs 3:1-12 - Whose Idea...
Day 5: Acts 2:14-41 & Proverbs 2:16-22 - How Does ...
Day 4: Acts 2:1-13 & Proverbs 2:1-15 - What Really...
Day 3: Acts 1:12-26 & Prov. 1:20-33 - What Do We D...
Day 2: Acts 1:6-11 & Prov. 1:8-19 - What Do We Do ...
Day 1: Acts 1:1-5 & Prov. 1:1-7 - Who is at Work i...


Midway along the Clwydian range, this site is approximately 3 miles down wind of Ruthin in a WSW wind. Moel Fammau summit represents the highest point in the Clwydian range at 1800ft / 550m ASL. An interesting site, though not for beginners as the site can become very turbulent. Due to the proximity of the coast, this site is often affected by a sea breeze during the summer.
Moderately difficult. Take the upper footpath from the north car park towards the summit. It's a steady climb with a gain of height of about 350ft / 105m from car park to take-off area. Only the fitter HG pilots will carry up in one go!
Moderately easy, but slopes towards take off in both wind directions. When top landing, approach from direction of fence at rear of top landing area, taking care not to fly behind the fence.
The designated bottom landing field is a 1.5 mile glide from take-off, and is conveniently next to the 'Griffin' Pub on the A494 Mold to Ruthin road, at Grid Reference SJ143593.
Emergency bottom landings may be made in the 'stump' field directly in front of and below take-off. This field is limited in size and slopes away towards power lines beyond the stump in the middle of the field, so approach this field as low as possible over the gate in the corner nearest to take-off.
This site is strictly controlled by the Denbighshire County Council. Anyone wishing to fly must purchase an annual permit (permits expire at the end of April). Either call at the Countryside Office to obtain a permit, or apply by post. Send a cheque for £8.00, payable to Denbighshire County Council; a photocopy of both sides of your BHPA membership card and BHPA insurance statement; two current passport photos (one only for a renewal), and a 7"x10" self addressed envelope to: Howard Sutcliffe, Denbighshire Countryside Service, Loggerheads Country Park, Ruthin Road, Loggerheads, MOLD CH7 5LH Tel: 01352 810614.
Failure to comply with this requirement will jeopardise the use of all sites in the area controlled by the Denbighshire County Council. This site is also used model aircraft fliers: please liaise with them with regard to take-off and landing areas.


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In 1978, a young Australian surfer founded the UGG brand on the shores of Southern California. His Aussie roots forged a strong love for sheepskin and he was convinced the world would one day share this love. By the mid 1980's, the UGG brand had become a symbol of relaxed southern California culture, gaining momentum through surf shops up and down the California coast. UGG took the New York Fashion world by storm in the early 2000's, evolving from boots and slippers to stylish luxuries that graced the pages of Vogue.