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Current: What's Going on with America Today?
What's Going on with America Today?
Denis Kleinfeld
Denis Kleinfeld, in his own inimitable style, assesses what went wrong in the US to result in the loss of AAA status and charts American influence on global finance.
Custodians and the AIFMD – The…
The United States is at war on many fronts. The battles are not going well. It is involved in military hostilities the world over, bitter economic combat primarily between the American people and their own government, and social struggles with political correctness and discriminatory entitlements becoming institutionalized.
The military wars are bewildering. Since World War II, no conflict has actually been designated as a 'war' and voted on by Congress. The constitutional requirement of a Declaration of War by Congress is ignored by the President with the Supreme Court's support. The Congress doesn't seem to care.
What I don't really understand is the basis for using the US military. The idea that the United States must bring democracy to the rest of the world is certainly false notion. It reflects that America's political leadership has not and does not understand the role of the United States in the world. America should not be committed to promoting democracy as its global purpose, but should focus on promoting capitalism and a free market economy regardless of the existing form of government. Democracy in some form will peaceably occur in any country which adopts capitalism and a free market as its economic system.
The war on 'terror' is used by Congress and the President (and so-called 'War Hawks') to justify the endless conflicts, trillions of wasted dollars, and thousands of casualties. Terror is a tactic of military or political strategy, not an enemy. The United States is, unfortunately, involved in this war on terror for which victory can neither be defined nor ascertained.
As Sun Tzu stated in his book, The Art of War: "There is no instance of a country having benefitted from prolonged war..." "Property of the State exchequer causes an army to be maintained by contributions from a distance. Contributing to maintain an army at a distance causes the people to be impoverished."
That is exactly what is happening in the United States because it has constantly been at war since World War II. These last wars in Iraq, Afghanistan and now Libya are a primary reason why the United States is in economic difficulties. If the United States continues to engage in military operations, fighting the endless war on 'terror', the United States' position as leader of the free world will be lost.
What is not being accepted is the recognition of who is the actual threat. The United States is at war with an identifiable enemy. However, because of energy needs, political correctness, political considerations such as voting constituencies, and the now apparent pre-existing loyalties of the President of the United States, the actual enemy is being ignored. The result is that Americans and others are being uselessly killed and wounded, one of our closest allies is at risk of annihilation, while the United States is hemorrhaging dollars in conflicts that no one in political leadership can tell us what victory, if it should occur, looks like.
Politically, the United States is suffering from either poor leadership, or, otherwise, evil leadership. This is not something new. Starting with President Woodrow Wilson, the course of the United States has become one of larger government, more spending, with socialism as the acceptable, and perhaps more expedient, political philosophy.
The income tax of 1913 was a major step down this road. It gave politicians access to an endless source of other people's money and a means to adopt politically advantageous social policies. Those who opposed it in the debates of 1911 and 1913 knew it would be failure. Income tax has been tried over the millennium by any numbers of rulers, kings and emperors. Even the Pharaohs tried an income tax system. It failed for them too. The income tax system in the US is neither administratable by the Treasury nor compliable by taxpayers. It is destroying the American economy and social harmony as well as its financial and social relationships all over the globe.
The Federal Reserve (otherwise known as the Creature From Jekyll Island) was also established in 1913. Its actual underlying ownership is unknown and its operations had been kept secret. Only this year, at the insistence of the only admitted Socialist in Congress, was an audit done by the Government Accountancy Office. To say that the report produced by the GAO is shocking is to understate the matter exponentially. The Federal Reserve is neither federal nor a reserve. It is a vehicle used by select private parties to manipulate monetary policy. The Constitution requires these duties be performed by the Treasury.
The fiscal integrity of the United States is, for the first time, being questioned from all quarters. Its credit rating has been downgraded. Politicians seek to defend their miserable performance by blaming the credit rating agency which downgraded the United States. Nonetheless, the message delivered is quite accurate. Except for the political establishment believing in delusional economics, the rest of us understand that the past and current performance of the government and its policies will not lead to a sustainable free economy. Quite the opposite. On the current course, the United States will fail economically. But it doesn't have to be this way.
What is hard to accept is that the magnitude of the problem has been and is now totally ignored by Congress and whoever is President. Establishment politicians have not even realistically tried to solve the spending and debt problems. Remarkably they enact policies which are accelerating the economy and society in the wrong direction.
Unforgivable is the chicanery that passes for governmental accounting. There are a plethora of examples. The US Postal Service, for example, was taken off as a federal budget item and then consequently, the government claimed that they saved a couple of billion dollars. Similarly, the extra military budget for engaging in faraway undeclared wars is also an off budget item. War doesn't count as a budget item as far as the government is concerned.
There is almost an endless list of spending that you and I would consider as budget items but from the United States government point of view, they are merely extraordinary one-time expenses and therefore they are not considered as part of the budget. So when the government talks about balancing the budget, one has to ask, what is the budget composed of and what is left out?
What is particularly gaulling are the 'budgets' that the President and Congress enact as part of the appropriation process. They are made up of fairy tales. The numbers used, in fact, are merely 'estimates' of 'revenues' and 'expenses'. This allows politicians to adjust these estimates to suit their political purposes. A particularly egregious gambit is the use of an expense estimate and then later reducing the estimate amount spent. This allows Congress and the President to claim they are 'saving' which in turn justifies more spending.
Only recently, because of the pressure brought to bear by the Tea Party Movement, are previously unengaged taxpaying voters making their displeasure felt by the politicians. At least 40 million Americans support this movement or, at the very least, its principles.
Trickery accounting by the government is pervasive in all aspects where financial responsibility is expected. The Social Security trust fund, for example, is neither a trust nor a fund. What backs up Social Security is merely the federal government's IOUs, which are payable out of future tax revenues. It's your basic everyday Ponzi scheme.
What Congress does with the Social Security monies they also do to all the other federal trust funds. These include the military, postal workers, railroad, civil servants retirement, medical surplus, and highways and airport trust funds just to name a few. What aggravates the situation is that not only does the government use the money as fast as it is placed in 'trust' and replacing them with IOUs, but Congress then counts the trust money coming in as revenue. It ignores the future liabilities, essentially engaging in cooking the federal government's books and records.
However, the problems of paying the debt obligations under these trust funds doesn't go away, it just gets bigger year after year. The truth is that the 'revenues' are much smaller and the debt is significantly greater.
The actions of the Federal Reserve and the Treasury are also unconscionable. What happens is that the Treasury prints up little pieces of paper and calls them Treasury Notes or Bills. The Federal Reserve prints up little pieces of paper and calls them US dollars. Then the Federal Reserve and the Treasury exchange these little pieces of paper and claim that the money supply of the United States has been expanded. This is referred to as quantitative easing. All that is really happening economically is that the purchasing power of the dollar as a fiat currency is diminishing, inflation goes up as do interest rates, and government expands to spend more borrowed money to keep themselves in power.
The effect of monetizing the debt exacerbates the declining economic situation. Contrary to the President's policy, all of the so-called stimulus referred to as QE1 and QE2, the diminishing value of the dollar, and the increasing amount of debt, puts the economy of the United States further in mortal danger.
There are some steps that can move the United States out of danger and towards maintaining economic, military, and social stability. Most important, the US can become energy independent. This is not a difficult problem given that the US likely has the greatest amount of readily available energy resources at hand of any country in the world. This allows both an immediate improvement of the US fiscal position but also a change in foreign policy involving the need to maintain the vast US military presence to protect our foreign oil and gas producing enemies.
The internal social policy must eliminate the bigotry and discriminatory governmental policies that are being justified by claims of politically correct diversity. The United States must become, in actual fact, a colour, racial, religious, ethnic and gender blind society. We are not multi-cultural, we are all Americans. America is, however, multi-ethnic. There are no hyphenated Americans, just Americans.
To be sure, there are other significant occurrences that impact the political, social, military and economic circumstances of the United States. These will be the topic of articles by me in the future. For now, it appears to me that the hope for the restoration of the United States to economic stability and global leadership rests on the growing political influence of the Tea Party Movement.
Clearly, the radicals and extremists who have worked diligently (and effectively) for years to ascend to positions of political, educational, and social power have created an environment which undermines the freedoms that are America. However, the battle to regain America has begun by the growing grassroots organizations of ordinary taxpaying voters. They, like Howard Beil in the movie 'Network' are letting Washington, DC know that, "I'm mad as hell and I am not going to take this anymore." That is America today.
Denis Kleinfeld is highly regarded as a lawyer, teacher and author. His private legal practice, Kleinfeld Legal Advisors, is located in North Miami Beach Florida. He is an Adjunct Professor at the LLM Wealth and Risk Management Program, Texas A & M School of Law. His private practice focuses on strategy planning of domestic and international tax, legal, financial, matters involving the wealth and risk management for private clients and private businesses. He is co-author of the two-volume treatise, "Practical International Tax Planning," 4th Ed. published by Practicing Law Institute. He is the contributing author on Foreign Trusts published in "Administration of Trusts in Florida" by The Florida Bar and authored chapters for the American Bar Association's in "Asset Protection Strategies: Wealth Preservation Planning with Domestic and Offshore Entities Vols. I and II." He is a contributing author to the "LexisNexis Guide to FATCA".
Custodians and the AIFMD – The Locusts vs the Termites!


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Do you commit a lot of time considering your pearly whites? You need to, since people discover your tooth more than you may think. If your dental treatments online game needs ideas, this information will allow you to. We've put together a summary of dental treatments suggestions to give you the most brilliant look possibly.
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Following being familiar with ways to look after your teeth, you will be able to put into practice several modifications. Permit the suggestions be your information, and present yourself the laugh you usually needed. Always keep discovering what you are able, along with your pearly whites will look better and better over the years.


The Art Dynamics Studio, easily accessible by car or public transit. The studio can accommodate groups of up to 16 persons.
Sessions for INDIVIDUALS are held at the Art Dynamics Studio.
Art Dynamics sessions are held in the comfortable and creative atmosphere of an art studio.
Click here to view our location on Mapquest.
The art Dynamics studio is conveniently located in the Bathurst and Eglinton area, with easy access to Parking & TTC.


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Home » Gamecube - Worms Blast (PAL) UKV
Gamecube - Worms Blast (PAL) UKV
Used game for the Nintendo Gamecube game console.
PAL version.
Available in-game languages (screen text): English, Italian, Spanish, German, French. Instruction booklet and cover insert text are English.
Tested, works. Disc and instruction booklet in very good condition. Case in good condition. Please refer to pictures for more details of condition and contents.
Genre: 2D puzzle action
Number of players: 1-2 (simultaneous)
Product code DOL-GWBP-UKV
Worms Blast is a puzzle/action game for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 2, Nintendo GameCube, Game Boy Advance and Mac OS X released in 2002, developed by Team17, and published by Ubi Soft. The Mac version was developed and published by Feral Interactive.
The gameplay is similar to that of Puzzle Bobble/Bust-a-Move, but with several key differences. There is a hexagonal grid of coloured blocks at the top of the screen, while the player's character sits on a boat floating in water. Unlike Puzzle Bobble, it is able to move side to side. There are multiple weapons that can be used, however the only weapon the player has to start with is a bazooka. As with Worms, holding down the fire button increases the power behind the weapon's launch, affecting how far it will travel. It is possible to fire the bazooka (and some other weapons, such as the grenade and dynamite) in an "arch", allowing players to reach difficult areas.
Shooting blocks will have one of two effects:
If the player hits a block that is either the same colour as the bazooka missile, or is a rainbow block, that block and any other same-coloured or rainbow blocks connected to it will be destroyed. Any blocks that are not the same colour will not be affected; however, if the only thing holding those blocks up was the coloured blocks that were just destroyed, those blocks will fall into the water.
If the player hits a block that is a different colour from the bazooka missile, or is a "dead block" - an uncoloured, grey block - it will be recoloured to match the missile.
(Weapons are affected differently by other blocks. This is covered further below.)
Single-player puzzle mode
In this mode, the player travels around the world (in a method slightly reminiscent of Capcom game Pang) completing puzzles. Again, differing from Puzzle Bobble, missions are usually more complex than simply clearing the blocks off the screen. Some may require the player to perform certain tasks (such as shooting down space ships made of blocks, or avoiding a snake-like series of blocks moving around the screen). The missions become progressively harder. The aim of the game is to reach the volcano in the centre.
Unlike Puzzle Bobble, there are no walls in single-player mode. If the player fires a weapon off the screen, a heavy object (such as a cannonball, weight or fridge) will fall onto his or her character, reducing the player's health.
Unlockable characters can be earned by reaching certain points on the map. It is not necessary to complete every puzzle to reach the centre, however this is the only way to unlock all three characters.
Other game modes
In all Multiplayer modes, the barrier separating the two players will open periodically. Players can use this opportunity to shoot at each other with their Bazooka in an attempt to reduce their health and ultimately knock them out of the game.
Deathmatch- Both players start with 2 lives and try to survive as long as possible. The player that gets knocked out first loses.
Don't Drop Em- The first player to allow a block to freefall into the water loses.
Star Collection- First one who collects 5 stars wins.
Tide Trial- Trying to survive as long as possible with water constantly rising.
One line for two- When some blocks get destroyed enemy's blocks come down. The goal is to destroy blocks fast enough so enemy can't destroy it on time and ends up being crushed.
Star race- The goal is to shoot targets (more targets destroyed means a player will faster reach the finish line) and survive longer than enemy or reach the end and collect the star.
Survival-Standard blocks go down faster than usual, but they must not touch the water.
Fight-There are only bouncy and dead blocks in this mode. The goal is to kill the foe. There are no stars in this mode, only crates.
Tournament-Competition. All Hi-Scores are for this mode only. It's actually a few missions from Puzzle mode. When one of those missions is completed it will appear in Tournament mode.
Puzzle-Go around the map and complete 60 missions. When all missions are done 3 new characters will be unlocked. During the Puzzle mode some missions can be unlocked for the tournament mode.
Player vs CPU-Play a game against computer.
The game is played with nine characters (three of them must be unlocked) and most of the characters are actually animal weapons from the plegmant Worms. Every character has a unique boat, and differing stats for Amount of Health, Boat Speed, Speed of Aiming Reticle, Turning Speed, and Boat Size.
Blast mode
n Multiplayer mode, when standard blocks produce a chain reaction (more than 10 blocks must get destroyed), player should collect the falling fruits (every block becomes a fruit after being destroyed). If a player collects these fruits (10 or more) one letter of BLAST word on the bottom of the screen will get coloured. Each colour represents a letter:
For B- red
For L- yellow
For A- purple
For S- green
For T- orange
When all letters are filled, BLAST mode begins. All the blocks on player's side of the screen vanish and targets begin to fall on parachutes. Shooting a target produces a Weapon Crate. BLAST mode lasts for approximately 30 seconds before the game continues as normal. During BLAST mode in Multiplayer mode the opponent can't attack with crate weapons and the wooden barrier doesn't open, but they can send the bazooka over the barrier.
BLAST mode was not included on the Game Boy Advance version of the game.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The 2018 Porsche 911 is the future generation design of the Porsche products. It is an outstanding automobile that is characterised by expanded wheel arcs that conceal the larger rear as well as front axles. The vehicle will be the very first to have a hybrid powertrain. This also makes up the wide stature of the automobile. Actually, the 2018 Porsche 911 will certainly have one of the most recent as well as improved attributes as they are shared henceforth.
The 2018 Porsche 911 will create one of the most remarkable and also highest level inside. Many of the indoor parts of the car will be made from carbon nutritional fiber with a strengthened plastic type hence keeping a stronger layout. These materials are reliable since they also are lighter in weight as compared with the previous Porsche cars. The interior has actually been made to supply substantial ease due to the fact that the materials in the auto are upgraded. The material indoor makes the car to be much more elegant.
The Porsche has actually been fitted with eyes-free tools like Bluetooth. This makes it possible for a chauffeur to choose phone calls and alter the music playlist without taking hands off the guiding wheel. There are likewise much more enhancements that are yet to be put in place before the auto is released.
The cars and truck has actually enhanced with attributes that allow the vehicle driver to exercise with the vehicle easily. As an example, it has been furnished with color improvements and rear cross website traffic alert. These adjustments allow you to avoid crash and also alert you when you may be persuading from your lane.
The look of the 2018 Porsche 911 is not much different from that of the previous designs, nevertheless it is just one of its kind. It is expected to be majorly determined by its extensive wheel arcs. It is anticipated to have a new body layout that is making it easily recognizable.
The security and also safety involves the installed twin front and also double rear and also side air bags. There is additionally an emergency situation braking assist and various other attributes like tire pressure monitoring. The automobile has actually additionally been fitted with a remote anti-theft system to guarantee it is not swiped.
The 2018 Porsche 911 will certainly run under a 3-liter supercharged petroleum engine. It has a 700 weird hp as well as a seven-speed guidebook transmission. It is an all-wheel drive and it is additionally hybrid with continually variable transmission. The cars and truck is also expected to have 2 electrical engines. This is anticipated that the car will have a leading rate of more than 200 miles per hour.
The engine additionally is well positioned allowing for a low center of mass for better response. It is also lowly positioned in the frame making it possible for a better driving.
The launch of the entirely new vehicle will certainly be performed in early 2018 and the sales of the automobile are expected to start in mid- 2018. Because of its developments in just how it has been built, it is expected that the rate will certainly be a little greater. The standard price could be elevated up to $90000.
The Porsche 911 2018 is anticipated to be one of the most practical car for many as a result of its substantial developments. For that reason, it is that auto that has the capacity to offer you the comfort you have been looking for.


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reference.zip Contributed reference guide of Blassic, zipped html (a little outdated).
Mark Hart has compiled Blassic for the Sharp Zaurus PDA, you can download it from http://www.mmhart.com/blassic.htm I tested this version on a Yopy PDA and it works too.


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Q: Multinomial Logistic Loss vs (Cross Entropy vs Square Error) I observed that Caffe (a deep learning framework) used the Softmax Loss Layer SoftmaxWithLoss as output layer for most of the model samples.
As far as I know, Softmax Loss layer is the combination of Multinomial Logistic Loss Layer and Softmax Layer.
From Caffe, they said that

Softmax Loss Layer gradient computation is more numerically stable

However, this explanation is not the answer that I want, the explanation is just compare the combination of Multinomial Logistic Loss Layer and Softmax Loss layer instead of layer by layer. But not compare with other type of loss function.
However, I would like to know more what is the differences/advantages/disadvantages of these 3 error function which is Multinomial Logistic Loss, Cross Entropy (CE) and Square Error (SE) in supervised learning perspective? Any supportive articles?

A: SHORT ANSWER
According to other answers Multinomial Logistic Loss and Cross Entropy Loss are the same.
Cross Entropy Loss is an alternative cost function for NN with sigmoids activation function introduced artificially to eliminate the dependency on $\sigma'$ on the update equations. Some times this term slows down the learning process. Alternative methods are regularised cost function.
In these type of networks one might want to have probabilities as output but this does not happen with the sigmoids in a multinomial network. The softmax function normalizes the outputs and force them in the range $[0,1]$. This can be useful for example in MNIST classification.
LONG ANSWER WITH SOME INSIGHTS
The answer is quite long but I'll try to summarise.
The first modern artificial neurons that have been used are the sigmoids whose function is:
$$\sigma(x) = \frac{1}{1+e^{-x}}$$
which has the following shape:

The curve is nice because it guarantees the output is in the range $[0,1]$.
Regarding the choice of a cost function, a natural choice is the quadratic cost function, whose derivative is guaranteed to exist and we know it has a minimum.
Now consider a NN with sigmoids trained with the quadratic cost function, with $L$ layers.
We define the cost function as the sum of the squared errors in the output layer for a set of inputs $X$:
$$C = \frac{1}{2N}\sum_x^N\sum_{j=1}^K (y_j(x) - a_j^L(x))^2$$
where $a_j^L$ is the j-th neuron in the output layer $L$, $y_j$ the desired output and $N$ is the number of training examples.
For simplicity let's consider the error for a single input:
$$C = \sum_{j=1}^K (y_j(x) - a_j^L(x))^2$$
Now an activation output of for the $j$ neuron in the $\ell$ layer, $a_j^\ell$ is:
$$a_j^\ell = \sum_k w_{jk}^\ell \cdot a_j^{\ell-1}+b_j^\ell =  \mathbf{w}_{j}^\ell \cdot \mathbf{a}_j^{\ell-1}+b_j^\ell$$
Most of the times (if not always) NN are trained with one of the gradient descent techniques, which basically consists updating the weights $w$ and biases $b$ by small steps towards the direction of minimization. The goal is to a apply a small change in the weights and biases towards the direction that minimizes the cost function.
For small steps the following holds:
$$\Delta C \approx \frac{\partial C}{\partial v_i}\Delta v_i$$
Our $v_i$ are the weights and biases.
Being it a cost function we want to minimise, i.e., find the proper value $\Delta v_i$. Suppose we choose $$\Delta v_i = -\eta \frac{\partial C}{\partial v_i}$$, then:
$$\Delta C \approx -\eta \left(\frac{\partial C}{\partial v_i}\right)$$
which means the change $\Delta v_i$ in the parameter decreased the cost function by $\Delta C$.
Consider the $j$-th output neuron:
$$C = \frac{1}{2}(y(x)-a_j^L(x)^2$$
$$a_j^L =\sigma = \frac{1}{ 1+e^{ -(\mathbf{w}_j^\ell \cdot \mathbf{a}_j^{\ell-1}+b_j^\ell)}}$$
Suppose we want to update the weight $w_{jk}^\ell$ which is the weight from the neuron $k$ in the $\ell-1$ layer to the $j$-th neuron in the \ell layer. Then we have:
$$w_{jk}^\ell \Rightarrow w_{jk}^\ell -\eta \frac{\partial C}{\partial w_{jk}^\ell}$$
$$b_{j}^\ell \Rightarrow b_{j}^\ell -\eta \frac{\partial C}{\partial b_{j}^\ell}$$
Taking the derivatives using the chain rule:
$$ \frac{\partial C}{\partial w_{jk}^\ell} = \left(a_j^L(x)-y(x)\right) \sigma' a_k^{\ell-1}$$
$$ \frac{\partial C}{\partial b_{j}^\ell} = \left(a_j^L(x)-y(x)\right) \sigma'$$
You see the dependency on the derivative of the sigmoid (in the first is w.r.t. $w$ in the second w.r.t $b$ actually, but it does not change a lot since both are exponents).
Now the derivative for a generic single variable sigmoid $z$ is:
$$\frac{d \sigma(z)}{d z} = \sigma(z)(1-\sigma(z))$$
Now consider a single output neuron and suppose you that neuron should output $0$ instead it is outputting a value close to $1$: you'll see both from the graph that the sigmoid for values close to $1$ is flat, i.e. its derivative is close to $0$, i.e. updates of the parameter are very slow (since the update equations depend on $\sigma'$.
Motivation of the cross-entropy function
To see how cross-entropy has been originally derived, suppose one has just found out that the term $\sigma'$ is slowing down the learning process. We might wonder if it is possible to choose a cost function to make the term  $\sigma'$ disappear. Basically one might want:
\begin{equation}
\begin{aligned}
\frac{\partial C}{\partial w} & =x \left( a - y\right)\\
\frac{\partial C}{\partial b} =\left( a - y\right)
\end{aligned}
\end{equation}
From the chain-rule we have:
\begin{equation}
\frac{\partial C}{\partial b} =\frac{\partial C}{\partial a} \frac{\partial a}{\partial b }  =\frac{\partial C}{\partial a}\sigma'(z) = \frac{\partial C}{\partial a} \sigma(1-\sigma)
\end{equation}
Comparing the desired equation with the one of the chain rule, one gets
\begin{equation}
\frac{\partial C}{\partial a} = \frac{a-y}{a(1-a)}
\end{equation}
Using the cover-up method :
\begin{equation}
\frac{\partial C}{\partial a} = -\left[ y\ln a + (1-y)\ln(1-a)\right]+const
\end{equation}
To get the full cost function, we must average over all the training samples
\begin{equation}
\frac{\partial C}{\partial a} = -\frac{1}{n}\sum_x\left[y\ln a + (1-y)\ln(1-a)\right]+const
\end{equation}
where the constant here is the average of the individual constants for each training example.
There is a standard way of interpreting the cross-entropy that comes from the field of information theory. Roughly speaking, the idea is that the cross-entropy is a measure of surprise. We get low surprise if the output $a$ is what we expect ($y$), and high surprise if the output is unexpected.
Softmax
For a binary classification cross-entropy resembles the definition in information theory and the values can still be interpreted as probabilities.
With multinomial classification this does not hold true anymore: the outputs do note sum up to $1$.
If you want them to sum up to $1$ you use softmax function, which normalize the outputs so that the sum is $1$.
Also if the output layer is made up of softmax functions, the slowing down term is not present. If you use log-likelihood cost function with a softmax output layer, the result you will obtain a form of the partial derivatives, and in turn of the update equations, similar to the one found for a cross-entropy function with sigmoid neurons
However

A:
I would like to know more what is the
  differences/advantages/disadvantages of these 3 error function which
  is Multinomial Logistic Loss, Cross Entropy (CE) and Square Error (SE)
  in supervised learning perspective?

The multinomial logistic loss is acturally the same as cross entropy. Look at this function(the cost function in softmax):
$$ J( \theta ) = - \sum^m_{i=1} \sum^K_{k=1} 1 \{ y^{(i)} = k \} \log p(y^{(i)} =  k \mid x^{(i)} ; \theta) $$
where m is the sample number, K is the class number.
The indicator function($1 \{ y^{(i)} = k \}$) determines whether the $p(x)$ bellow is 0 or 1 in the cross entropy definition, which is labelled as one hot in the training data, and $ p(y^{(i)} =  k \mid x^{(i)} ; \theta) $ is the conditional likelihood of the softmax(q(x) as shown bellow).
$$-\sum_x p(x) \log q(x)$$
And MSE is mostly for the situation where the link function is the unity function(the response distribution follows a normal distribution), the standard linear regression, while the cross entropy is normally for where the link function is the logit function. Here is an awesome comparison you can refer to.

Any supportive articles?

Except those in the links, recommend you this illustrating one: https://github.com/rasbt/python-machine-learning-book/blob/master/faq/softmax_regression.md

A: In my opinion, loss function is the objective function that we want our neural networks to optimize its weights according to it. Therefore, it is task-specific and also somehow empirical. Just to be clear, Multinomial Logistic Loss and Cross Entropy Loss are the same (please look at http://ufldl.stanford.edu/tutorial/supervised/SoftmaxRegression/). The cost function of Multinomial Logistic Loss is like this
$J(\theta) = -\frac{1}{m} \left[ \sum_{i=1}^m y^{(i)} \log h_\theta(x^{(i)}) + (1-y^{(i)}) \log (1-h_\theta(x^{(i)})) \right].$
It is usually used for classification problem. The Square Error has equation like
$\frac 1 {2N} \sum_{i=1}^N \| x^1_i - x^2_i \|_2^2.$
Therefore, it is usually used for minimize using some construction errors.
EDIT: @MartinThoma The above formula of multinomial logistics loss is just for binary case, for general case, it should be $J(\theta) = -\left[ \sum_{i=1}^{m} \sum_{k=1}^{K} 1\left\{y^{(i)} = k\right\} \log P(y^{(i)} = k | x^{(i)} ; \theta) \right]$, where K is number of categories.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Francesca Harper, The Dance Enthusiast's Moving Visions Editor; Photo: Courtesy of Artist
Dances Patrelle presents "Reflections on our Time," A Virtual Spring Season
Dances Patrelle
63 Greene St # 506, New York, NY 10012
Thursday, May 20, 2021 - 7:00pm
https://www.dancespatrelle.org/
Dances Patrelle presents Reflections on our Time, a virtual spring season, on Thursday, May 20, 2021 at 7pm EDT, on their YouTube channel for FREE, with a suggested donation of $25. For more information, visit www.dancespatrelle.org.
"The pandemic has shown us that though physically apart, we still need to find some kind of connection that enables us to love, support and, yes, even fight, without being afraid," said Francis Patrelle.
The evening will feature works by the choreographers Francis Patrelle, Ask la Cour, Daniel Ulbricht, and Ariel T. Rose. Run time is approx. 40 minutes.
Pair Pathétique
Choreography by Ask la Cour
Solstice in Solace
Choreography by Ariel T. Rose. Originally created for the "Men Who Dance" series.
Choreography by Francis Patrelle, Ask la Cour, Abi Stafford
With a new score by Patrick Soluri
Choreography by Daniel Ulbricht
Videographer: Geoffrey Jones
"In Pair Pathétique — a lightly humorous ballet — we learn about two people who keep missing each other's signals and have to live with the consequences. With Graceanne Pierce's strong technique and ability to express emotion through movement, she is the perfect artist for this piece." — Ask la Cour
"The choreographic process with Ask has been pure joy. He's wonderful to work with, clever and so musical, a superb partner and artist. The whole experience has been a delight!" — Graceanne Pierce
Choreography by Ariel T. Rose.
Originally created for the "Men Who Dance" series.
"For my generation this has been a defining period. We've seen 9/11, the stock-market crash, the immigrant crises. Covid made me look back on what we've seen during our lives as young artists. For the first time we could not dance, but the spirit finds a way." — Ariel T. Rose
"Renan Cerdeiro and Kleber Rebello have been the cornerstone of the Miami City Ballet over the past ten years. This performance, for the Inter-American Choreographic Institute's "Men Who Dance" program, was their return to the stage after more than eight months of being kept from dancing." — Ariel T. Rose
"Working with these artists over Zoom has fueled my artistic spirit, even though being in the studio was impossible." — Abi Stafford
"The pandemic has shown us that though physically apart, we still need to find some kind of connection that enables us to love, support and, yes, even fight, without being afraid." — Francis Patrelle
"Sing, Sing, Sing is a high-spirited piece that infuses both technical virtuosity and charisma. Set to the iconic classic, "Sing Sing Sing" keeps the audience's feet tapping and hands clapping. It is pure joy - on stage and in the audience!" — Daniel Ulbricht
"It's always the most fun dancing with Daniel, but in regards to the piece, in particular, he crafted it most beautifully — It's paced perfectly so we can imbue our own personalities and play off each other, while seamlessly combining our styles and techniques." — Danielle Diniz
Dances Patrelle (dP) is a dynamic professional ballet company celebrating its 33rd season! dP presents two annual seasons in New York – the timeless holiday tradition, The Yorkville Nutcracker, and a spring repertory season featuring world premieres and classic Patrelle favorites. Mr. Patrelle's body of work includes over 50 original ballets choreographed for Dances Patrelle, and spans an incredibly wide range of styles, from his beloved American Songbook collection, to such contemporary classics as Madame X, Macbeth and Rhapsody in Blue. Heralded by Lynn Garafola in Dance Magazine as a choreographer with "a personal vision...classical because it is rooted in metaphor and symbolic language [and] populist because of its legibility and broad cultural resonance," Patrelle has also cultivated a long-time collaboration with composer Patrick Soluri, commissioning four original scores including 2009's Murder at the Masque for dP's 20th Anniversary. Known for attracting the great talent of each generation, Dances Patrelle is pleased to count ballet stars such as Marcelo Gomes, Jenifer Ringer, Donald Williams, Lourdes Lopez, and Cynthia Gregory among its dancers. For 26 seasons, Dances Patrelle has tapped into the human experience, connecting intimately with the audience and continuously reinventing dramatic dance. In 2013, the company was named the resident ballet company of the Kaatsbaan International Dance Center.


text:
Q: Strange Distortion from Second Order Active Low Pass Filter I'm feeding a 250KHz PWM audio signal from an ATtiny85 into a second order active low pass filter:

The output is then fed into a decoupling capacitor and then into an LM324 amplifier.  The output of the LM324 is then fed into a decoupling capacitor and then into an LM386 audio amplifier. The audio generally sounds good but there is some distortion.  When I view the waveform on OUT1 I get this (the yellow trace is OUT1, the blue trace is after the decoupling capacitor):

What are the strange "drops" I'm seeing?  The top of of the waveform looks ok, but the bottom half has these drops.  This is some type of distortion, yes?  What causes this?  How can this be eliminated?
UPDATE 1:
Here's the PWM from the ATtiny85:

UPDATE 2:
I stated above that

The output is then fed into a decoupling capacitor and then into an LM324 amplifier.

This is not correct.  What I should have said was the output of the LM324 is fed into a decoupling capacitor and then fed into an LM386 audio amplifier.
UPDATE 3:
Here's 12ms of the 250KHz PWM input:

UPDATE 4:
Here is the complete schematic:

Addressing some of the comments and the suggested solution:

*

*I moved the Vcc for the LM324 from the regulated 3.3V supply to the +6V supply.  This did clean up the signal coming from the LM324 (i.e. the recovered audio from the PWM input), but significant distortion can still be heard.  I still need to test to see if the LM324 is failing at specific frequencies.

*I added a 1K resister from the output of the LM324 to ground.  Originally I did this to address a comment suggesting that having the output float was not a good idea.  The proposed answer says (if I understood it correctly) that this 1K resister tied to ground should force the LM324 output stage into a class A amplifier, thus avoiding a crossover problem.  However, at the time this was suggested to resolve any crossover problem, it was already in place.
Is it possible that the LM324 is just a very bad choice for audio?  I've heard it has a relatively slow slew rate that causes distortion.  Should I be looking at another op amp (that works with a single +6V supply)?
UPDATE 5:
Here are the traces from the current circuit.  Yellow is the output from the LM324.  After moving the power supply for the LM324 from the +3.3V regulated to the +6V, you can see that there are no more drops (which technically resolves this question).  The blue trace is the output from the LM386 audio amplifier.  There is distortion on the bottom of the wave and it's pretty audible.  I think if I can resolve this distortion I'm good to go.   And this pretty much proves that the LM324 is "good enough" for this audio application.

UPDATE 6:
I stated earlier that the LM324 was "good enough" for my application, and this is true.  If you examine the output waveform from the LM324 at higher resolution it can be observed that the signal is "noisy" (I did not include a trace of this).  Simply unplugging the LM324 and plugging in an MC34074APG (with no other changes), substantially cleaned up the output waveform.  This may become my new favorite single source op-amp.

A: The LM324, while a brilliant achievement with 1970s transistors, has one well known bug - actually documented in its datasheet. This answer is based on a guess that you are running into this bug.
Some people sneer at it because of limitations like this - but it is still a fine opamp if you design to its limitations.
Its Class B output stage is specifically designed for low power but it is asymmetric : that is, it can pull up (towards V+) quite strongly, but cannot pull down very effectively. This avoids excessive current consumption where both output transistors might be momentarily turned on together (as in the bipolar 555) - a possibility given the relatively low speed of these transistors.
(See Table 6.5, page 6, Output Current section, in the datasheet - at 5V it can source 20mA but only sink 8 uA, so the pullup is 2500 times stronger)

This combination of circumstances : Class B output stage, slow transistors, asymmetric strength, gives it a particularly bad case of crossover distortion on high frequency signals, there is a region where both output transistors are off and the output voltage is effectively undefined.
Run a sinewave at a few kHz through this filter (unit testing is as valid in hardware as it is in software!)  and you'll see large bites taken out of the output waveform.

The (documented if you look for it ... EDIT ... it's in section 7.4 on page 11, and my memory of the problem is slightly off) fix is to force the output stage into Class A, with a few kilohms of pulldown resistor to V- (I suggest 1K at this low voltage). Now the pulldown transistor never has to turn on at all (though no harm done if it does) and the much stronger pullup transistor is always in control, pulling against the resistor.
Thus the 324 is designed to be used successfully in Class B for low speed low power designs, or Class A for faster designs.
The downside to Class A is obviously increased power consumption - if that matters, nowadays you can choose a better opamp.

A: Am I missing something here?  The LM324 has a gain bandwith of 1.2 MHz.  So, its usefull frquency range is to about 10 kHz on a good day.  You wanna feed it a 250kHz square wave?  Good luck with that.
I'm thinking you will have better results with passive filtering maybe.

A: The Sallen-Key filter suffers from the fact that it uses a combination of positive and negative feedback - if you are forced to use an amplifier with limited bandwidth then the multiple feedback configuration is often a better choice.
See http://www.ti.com/lit/an/sbfa001c/sbfa001c.pdf


text:
Oakland, Berkeley, And East Bay News, Events, Restaurants, Music, & Arts
EBX Web Services
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Select a year 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001
Select a section Intro Best of the East Bay: Arts & Music Best of the East Bay: Goods & Services People & Places Restaurants & Bars Sports & Leisure Local Color Color My World
1:00 a.m. Saturday: Best Place to Rack 'Em and Crack 'Em
4:00 a.m. Any Day: Best Place to Get a 7-10 Split at Four in the Morning
6:00 a.m. Tuesday and Thursday: Best Hard-Core Tai Chi Instructor
8:45 a.m. First Saturday of the Month: Best Place to Aim at the Jack
9:00 a.m. Saturday: Best Slippin' and Slidin'
9:30 a.m. Sunday Following a Saturday Night Storm: Best Place to Sweat and See Green
10:00 a.m. Saturday: Best Place to Exhaust Your Offspring
10:30 a.m. Saturday: Best Way to Tour Oaktown's Waterfront Wasteland
11:00 a.m. Wed.-Sun.: Best Place to Delight the Tots
11:05 a.m. Saturday: Best Place to Flee the Madding Crowd on Foot
Noon Sunday: Best Waterfront Stroll
12:15 p.m. on a Workday: Best Place to Work Out Midday Aggressions
1:00 p.m. on a Birthday Weekend: Best Place to Exhaust Fifteen Kids (and Keep Your House Intact)
1:30 p.m. Sunday: Best Place for Fido to Go Absolutely Wild
2:30 p.m. Weekdays: Best Place for Quality On-Leash Time with Fido
2:30 p.m. Saturday: Best Place to Catch and Release Crustaceans
3 p.m. Weekdays: Best Place to Find Jesus -- and Rock-Hard Abs
4:00 p.m. Wednesday: Best Place for a Teen to Kill His Peers (But Not Himself)
4:12 p.m. Any Day of the Week: Best Place to Snag a New Deck
4:20 p.m. Weekdays: Best Chance to Score Sega Saturn Secondhand
4:30 p.m. Monday: Best Way to Act Like Ted Nugent Without Killing Anything
5:30 p.m. Friday: Best Place for an Anonymous Quickie
5:50 p.m. Weekdays: Best Spot to Watch City Officials Work Out
6:00 p.m. Weekdays: Best Post-Work Urban Jog
6:15 p.m. Thursday: Best Yoga to Kick Your Butt
One Hour Before Sunset: Best Place to Break Out Your Fruit-Boots
8:00 p.m. on Game Days: Best Sports Bar in Which to Hide from the Raider Nation
Last Day in the East Bay
Perfect Day: Hoofin' It to Manzanitaville
Best of the East Bay 2003
Aquatic Park
80 Bolivar Dr. , (between Ashby and University aves.) , Berkeley Berkeley-West CA 94710
Ci.Berkeley.Ca.Us/ContentDisplay.aspx?id=12016
Parks offer all sorts of leisure activities. All sorts. So let's say it's been a long, hard day at the office and you could really use a long, hard ... well, you know. Take a drive to the super-dark and secluded southern end of Berkeley's Aquatic Park and park your car anywhere. Stay seated for a while. Maybe someone will knock at your window and want a ride. No luck? Get out, walk slowly. Soon, you'll notice other men walking slowly. And if you're lucky, they're checking you out. Eye contact. Good, good. Yes, you can tell -- it's on. To the bushes! The city of Berkeley has conveniently left condoms in the bushes in case you've forgotten yours, though you shouldn't be doing anything too unsafe to begin with. After all, you're getting busy with some strange dude in a park. Once finished, you can part ways politely, head back to the car, and drive home to Walnut Creek to your unsuspecting wife and three kids.
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text:
require 'minitest/autorun'
require 'rack/test'
require 'rack/lint'
require 'nyny_api'
require  'database_cleaner'

class TestNynyApi < Minitest::Test
  include Rack::Test::Methods
  include NynyApi

  def app
    Rack::Lint.new(HackerNews.new)
  end

  def setup
    DatabaseCleaner.start
    Story.create!(title: 'Lorem ipsum', url: 'http://www.lipsum.com/')
  end

  def test_it_does_something_useful
    get '/'

    assert last_response.ok?
    assert_equal 'Hello from hackernews', last_response.body
  end

  def test_getting_list_of_all_submitted_stories
    Story.create!(title: 'Ipsum lorem', url: 'http://www.ipsum.com/')

    get '/stories'
    response = JSON.parse last_response.body

    assert last_response.ok?
    assert_equal 'Lorem ipsum', response.first['title']
    assert_equal 'Ipsum lorem', response.last['title']
  end

  def test_getting_a_single_story
    get '/stories/1'
    response = JSON.parse last_response.body

    assert last_response.ok?
    assert_equal 'Lorem ipsum', response['title']
  end

  def test_stories_post_success
    post '/stories', { title: 'Funny title', url: 'http://www.funny.com' }.to_json
    response = JSON.parse last_response.body

    assert_equal 201, last_response.status
    assert_equal 'Funny title', response['title']
  end

  def test_stories_post_fail
    post '/stories', { title: 'Funny title' }.to_json
    response = JSON.parse last_response.body

    assert_equal 422, last_response.status
    assert_equal "can't be blank", response['url'].first
  end

  def test_stories_update_success
    patch '/stories/1', { title: 'Updated shiny title'}.to_json
    response = JSON.parse last_response.body

    assert last_response.ok?
    assert_equal 'Updated shiny title', response['title']
  end

  def test_stories_update_fail
    patch '/stories/1', { title: nil}.to_json
    response = JSON.parse last_response.body

    assert_equal 422, last_response.status
    assert_equal "can't be blank", response['title'].first
  end

  def test_redirect_to_a_given_story
    get '/stories/1/url'

    assert_equal 303, last_response.status
  end

  def teardown
    DatabaseCleaner.clean
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
'NCIS': Is CBS Taking Mark Harmon Or Pauley Perrette's Side In Their Feud?
NCIS star Mark Harmon's feud with Pauley Perrette has officially spiraled out of control and it will not be long before CBS is forced to take a side. A few weeks ago, Perrette accused Harmon of physically assaulting her on the set of the popular crime drama. In response to the allegations, Harmon allegedly told CBS to keep Perrette quiet or he will be forced to take legal action against his former co-star.
Mark Harmon goes on the offensive
Inside sources claim that Harmon threatened to hire a lawyer if CBS executives failed to get a handle on Perrette. The NCIS star, who is one of the highest paid actors in television, was shocked when Perrette accused him of body checking her on the set. Harmon told the network execs that they needed to prevent Perrette from making further accusations if they wanted to avoid a lawsuit.
"Mark told them he hasn't hired a lawyer — yet, but is ready to take legal action if she continues to claim he assaulted and intimidated her!" an insider shared.
Mark Harmon reportedly told CBS to muzzle Pauley Perrette or he'd sue https://t.co/fiWhYil6F0 pic.twitter.com/UjeR0FulfQ
— Toronto Sun (@TheTorontoSun) June 27, 2019
Taking to Twitter, Perrette revealed that she is still terrified of Mark Harmon and would never consider returning to the show because of his behavior. The actress, who is getting ready for the premiere of her own show on CBS, also noted that she still has nightmares about what happened between her and Harmon.
Perrette left the series after Season 15 amid reports of a growing feud with Harmon. Their fight reportedly started after Harmon brought a dog to the set and the pet attack3d a member of the crew.
Will CBS take Mark Harmon's side?
According to multiple sources, Harmon denies assaulting Perrette on the set of NCIS. The actor, who has been on the show since the very beginning, claims that Perrette is lying about what happened. He also thinks the situation has gotten completely out of control and wants CBS to step in before it is too late.
Unfortunately, the feud has put CBS executives in a difficult spot. Perrette is starring on her own show on the network, titled Broke, while Harmon is continuing his run on NCIS for a 17th season.
NO I AM NOT COMING BACK! EVER! (Please stop asking?) I am terrified of Harmon and him attacking me. I have nightmares about it. I have a new show that is SAFE AND HAPPY! You'll love it!#HappyPlace Love y'all!
— Pauley Perrette (@PauleyP) June 7, 2019
That said, Harmon is more important to CBS than Perrette, and his series remains one of the most popular shows on television. In fact, sources believe that CBS is fully prepared to back Harmon if Perrette continues to lash out on social media.
Exactly what this means is yet to be seen, but it is clear that the network has a PR nightmare on their hands, especially if what Perrette claims is true.
The origins of Pauley Perrette and Mark Harmon's feud
Harmon's relationship with Perrette started to unravel in the spring of 2016. At the time, Harmon's dog allegedly attack3d an NCIS staffer. The crew member was bitten in the face and needed stitches to close a cut around his eye.
Perrette reportedly complained to the network after Harmon continued to bring his dog to the set. From Perrette's view, Harmon got wind of her complaints and tried to intimidate her at work. This resulted in the "body check" incident Perrette alluded to on social media.
Inside the 'NCIS' Mess: How a Dog Bite Kept Pauley Perrette and Mark Harmon Apart on Set https://t.co/a4CXtoGGdI #entertainment
— ABQ Satellite TV (@ABQSatellite) May 31, 2018
CBS has not commented on Perrette's latest accusations, but the network did release a statement in regards to the dog att4ck shortly after her exit. CBS revealed that they had received complaints from Perrette and worked hard to ensure a safe work environment. Perrette later thanked CBS for taking her complaints seriously and keeping staff members safe.
Perrette takes to the defense
Perrette has since deleted her most controversial tweets about Harmon. Although she has not tweeted any more bombshells about the NCIS star, she did defend her decision to stand up to Harmon in the first place.
After releasing a new promo trailer for her new show, Perrette added that she felt like she needed to tell the truth and does regret making the accusations. She then told her followers that she is looking forward to the premiere of her new show and cannot wait to move on to the next chapter in her life.
New Comedy on @CBS
A trust fund baby is cut off by his dad is forced to move in with his estranged sister.
Cast — Pauley Perrette, Jaime Camil, and Natasha Leggerohttps://t.co/CjEnNcK0nU
— BS Reviews (@BSReviews2) June 25, 2019
Mark Harmon, who is currently gearing up for the new season of NCIS, has not responded to Perrette's allegations, and chances are he never will.
Related Topics:Abby Sciuto, Leroy Gibbs, Leroy Jethro Gibbs, mark harmon, ncis, ncis agent gibbs, ncis cast, ncis gibbs, ncis series, NCIS Stars, ncis tv show, Pauley Perrette, tv series, tv show


Service to empty sewage tanks for campers and caravans is at the Vopnafjordur Maintenance Service building.
Water storage tank refilling for campers and caravans is at the same place.
Self service - 24 hours.


Tekkaman Blade was announced earlier today along with the news of the updated North American and European version heading to Japan as well. Apparently some one looked into the code of the Japanese websites and found character names, some just happened to be the new characters Capcom was teasing. Mega Man Zero from the Mega Man series, Frank West the man who has covered wars, Yatterman #2 the female counter part of Yatterman and Joe Asakura from G-Force were listed and then quickly removed by Capcom.
While Famitsu said Hakushon Daimao, the large genie fighter, would appear in the game in Japan, Capcom corrected this saying that he will also be removed from the Japanese roster. This is probably due to Tatsunoko vs. Capcom's online mode being word wide. Meaning the only way you can play that character is through the original Japanese release.
Despite Tekkaman Blade's appearance being similar as Tekkaman along with a simular weapons, Tekkaman Blade will have completely different moves and hyper attacks. He can spin his blade over his head for defense against enemies who are jumping at him, along with a laser that shoots diagonally in the air to attack airborne opponents. He also has a charge attack that can link into multiple mid air strikes. Another useful technique he has is a flurry of strikes that deal more damage then normal chip damage when the enemy blocks it. He may be a little bit similar to tekkaman, but this sneak peak of attacks show that Capcom doesn't want him to just be a clone.
Not exactly characters I personally would have put in, *coughspeedracerandphoenixwrightcough* but I guess they are okay. I want to know how exactly Frank West works.


Professions & businesses in the years ahead.
Home › Forums › The Automatic Earth Forum › Open Comments › Professions & businesses in the years ahead.
This topic contains 2 replies, has 1 voice, and was last updated by Glennda 6 years ago.
Having a portable profession or business may be suitable for some people in the coming years or decades ahead. What I mean by a portable profession is a job that can be done almost anywhere in the world. An example would be web developers because they need mainly a computer and an internet connection to do their job/business. However, being a web developer would probably be a tough job/business to have in a deflationary economic environment.
What would you consider to be a portable profession or business that would be viable in a deflationary economy?
What profession or business would you pursue right now if you're starting out or starting over?
A similar thing was asked by Oilobserver a while back. Its a difficult subject to broach because it very much depends upon the person asking the question. However there are some generalities that stick out a mile and so are worth extrapolating.
How to grow stuff organically, for instance you can find out how by Wwoofing..
How to treat the sick and injured without recourse to expensive big pharma or high tech hospital gadgets. the Cuban medical system is now one of the most effective in the world, and sends its many doctors to medical crisis all over the world.
Learn how to fix stuff, anything. This is surprisingly easy to do if you have an aptitude for DIY. This is where a course in applied physics would possibly be one of the more useful courses still on offer. But you could probably learn just as much from a local electronics or mechanics group.
India Power Outage: The Shape of Things to Come. Things like supplemental systems such as battery backups and small scale local wind/hydro/solar (with battery backups!) will be the biggest growth areas. You need to be like Kelvin Doe, the African teenager who builds power generation plant out of scrap or Malwian William Kamkwamba who educated himself in his local library to build a wind generator.
Its going to be this sort of artisan hands on deep knowledge approach as opposed to the current 'accreditation' system, which basically certifies that you have done a course at an [strike]education[/strike] dumbing down facility and little else. I am serious here, I personally have spent three stints in supposedly higher 'education' two of them at post grad level, and I have noticed the level of so called 'degree' inflation, where the quality and depth of study has diminished as the class sizes and fees have risen. Its now been turned into an industry like any other producing disposable goods that have to be upgraded every few years. A true educational experience should have the opposite effect. And that is the key here; to recognise the true meaning of an education. Education as in Educe: 1, bring out or develop from latent or potential existence; elicit. 2 infer; elicit a princliple, number, etc, from data.Origins from middle English from Latin educere educt- 'lead out'. (from Oxfrod concise dictionary) As in to lead out of darkness.
If your still set on being an entrepreneur, you might want to read Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenace by Robert M. Pirsig. Its more relevant than ever to everything.
On the lines of spirituality, learn to cultivate the higher faculties, especially that of an enquiring mind and the critical thought process. Getting caught up in a cult, religious or otherwise, like most ponzi schemes involves a deadening of the critical thought process. Try to find an exercise to build awareness, whether through yoga or mediation or through a more active 'art' such as a traditional kung fu system. That will keep you fit as well. Something like that will also help you learn to get along with others, a skill that will be invaluable especially when dealing with 'difficult' people and situations.
Why is this sort of self improvement valuable? Because IMHO 'work' (that has any real value or satisfaction) in the future it is going to be about flexibility and adaptability, pretty much as it has always , really. The modern hyper-division and specialisation of labour is going to be one of obstacles going forwards. In fact it already is an obstacle as people made redundant these days often have to retrain to get any other work, so narrowly focused have their abilities become. Rather than focus on a job or a career, focus instead on why you might be here in the first place. Why were you born? What are you really here for? Is it just to collect as many toys and as much money as possible?
Also money will (in all probability) not be all its cracked up to be; we will live much more in a Gift Economy. Thisvideo of Charles Eisenstein says it all really.
So as for a portable profession or business, make yourself as 'portable' as possible, then wherever you end up you will be useful.
If I were young and ready to find a career or 2 or 3, I think I would go into survival First Aid, along with Urban Farming. The third career would be to join or organize a spiritual group with little dogma, like a pagan type of group with a focus on helping the community.
The Lifeboat/Community section here has an thought provoking article on the subject of Community.
One of Stoneleigh's points has been about making community. I believe that one of the main strengths of humanity has been our ability to form sharing groups. Our current US atomization of nuclear families is really contrary to the village forming ability probably coded into our DNA; our current capitalist system needs to have a mobile 'surplus army' of workers to relocate and re-educate themselves as necessary.
The article in the Lifeboat section looks at various ways people have survived with a cohesive group life style and thoughts. Preeminent are the Jews who survive by their self recognition and traditions of hospitality. He notes the Amish and also Quakers for more worldly cohesion along with their trad of hospitality.
Another model he goes into is the Open Source movement in the IT world.


text:
Q: Cannot run Postgres Stored Procedure I have a very simple stored procedure:
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE delivery.get_assets(IN row_limit integer)
AS $$
BEGIN
    select group_id
    from delivery.assets
    order by id desc
    limit row_limit;
END ;
$$
LANGUAGE plpgsql ;

I'm trying to run the SP using:
CALL delivery.get_assets(6)

The error I get is as follows:

ERROR:  query has no destination for result data HINT:  If you want to
  discard the results of a SELECT, use PERFORM instead. CONTEXT:
  PL/pgSQL function delivery.get_assets(integer) line 3 at SQL statement
  SQL state: 42601

I'm using PostgresQL 11.
In SQL Server all I have to do is call the SP.  I read that in Postgres, you don't need a return statement as you would with functions.  Any help is appreciated!
***AS PER COMMENTS BELOW, I'VE CHANGED THE SP TO A FUNCTION (Thank you JSpratt & Horse With No Name).
I'm almost there, but now when I call the function, it's returning in the following format:

How do I get this to return as a normal data set in a grid?
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION delivery.get_assets(
    number_rows integer)
    RETURNS TABLE(assets_media_id INT, assets_person_id INT)
    LANGUAGE 'plpgsql'

    COST 100
    VOLATILE
    ROWS 1000
AS $BODY$
BEGIN
 RETURN QUERY SELECT
 media_id,
 person_id
 FROM delivery.assets;

END; $BODY$;


The World Pediatric Project Needs Your Help!
The St. Vincent and the Grenadines Health and Education Foundation has launched a major fundraising drive for the World Pediatric Project this holiday season and Trinity is here to help.
The details are below, but in short, every dollar the foundation raises this season, Trinity will be matching with no limit on giving. This is a tremendous opportunity to make a very real impact on ongoing pediatric care throughout the world.
So, what is the WPP?
The World Pediatric Project is an organization based in Richmond, Virginia that not only brings medical experts to under-served areas of the world to provide immediate care, they contribute to the establishment and growth of sustainable healthcare infrastructure in those areas. They are a double-whammy of a charity; fixing what needs addressed on the scene and helping raise the quality of care even after they're gone. You can read more here.
Frequent blog subscribers will know that Trinity School of Medicine has had a longstanding relationship with the World Pediatric Project. Beyond our great appreciation for their efforts globally, their regular missions to the region have been a terrific opportunity for the school's 5th term students to learn from visiting experts, help in the field, and grow their professional network.
As we enter the season of giving, it's only natural that we strengthen our commitment to the WPP through our partners at the St. Vincent Health and Education Foundation, a non-profit dedicated to expanding opportunities and increasing quality of life for the youth of St. Vincent and the Grenadines.
Please consider sharing what you have with this organization and help Trinity maximize their impact.
Once again, Trinity School of Medicine is matching 100% of all donations. The goal is to both expand and deepen the WPP's impact, not just in St. Vincent, but around the world. Speaking frankly, we can, together, do a tremendous amount of good here.


And so you concluded that just because they are "mexicans" they are illegal?......see why this whole debate is really about race?
Just a sec, San Antonio is worse than California which was proven to be 70/30 legal/illegal Mexicans?
Do you have a source to back up your numbers of 50/50 in San Antonio?
Do you have a source to back up your numbers of 50/50?
Kinda hard not to when you're dropping anchor babies like there's no tomorrow. Oh, that's right , there IS no tomorrow.
1.5 million automatic citizens, it's no wonder your percentages are getting higher.
Just five months ago, he and his wife, Lucilla, had their first son in this country.
"He's American," the 28-year-old said, smiling as he called his son's birth in the country his first "gift" to him.
Loerca and his wife, who would someday like to become naturalized citizens, could be forced to leave through deportation if their illegal status draws government attention.
But he noted that his son would still be able to come back to this country one day because he's a citizen.
"I want to have kids here, to give them opportunity," he said. "To be a citizen is to have opportunity."
He and his wife would like to have three more children, and he's hoping to have them within the next few years.
3 more little anchors and the household will hit the California average... Isn't THAT special???
In North Carolina, the state with the biggest percentage of Latino growth during the 1990s, just 41 percent of Mexicans are U.S. citizens, and there has been no increase since 2000 in the total number of Mexican-Americans who have become citizens through naturalization there.
That's a more reasonable figure for the US as a whole, although it's LOWER than my 50/50. Are you sure you want me to keep digging?
So you have no sources, just another statistician with no facts.
Quite arguing! You have no proof for what you are saying either. The fact is, all of us know what we can see and what we hear wherever it is that we live. On top of that, just read the papers and such all over the internet and you will find that what all of us that are against illegals is in fact true. That is what bothers you, it seems.
I said I just used YOUR sources, you really should pay closer attention.
But then, he would have nothing to argue about!


The Aromatherapy Trade Council was formed following a conference in November 1993 on 'Essential Oils & Public Safety' which was held by the Aromatherapy Organisations Council, who at the time was the governing body for the aromatherapy profession.
At the well-attended conference various speakers from both the supply trade and the profession discussed various topics of safety, plus current hot issues such as the negative and misinformed media coverage that threatened to harm the industry as a whole.
In the United Kingdom during the early 1990's aromatherapy had become established as one of the most popular complementary therapies, but the wide range of choice in essential oils was confusing to inexperienced consumers who were looking for good quality products to achieve optimum therapeutic results.
All of this was being picked up by the media who invariably got their facts wrong, often unfairly pointing the finger of blame at aromatherapists when the blame lay squarely with rogue traders. This highlighted the urgent need for an association to represent the interests of aromatherapy manufacturers in a balanced and professional manner.
It was issues such as these that ultimately led to the formation of the ATC later in 1993 to act as the first self-regulating and authoritative body for the UK aromatherapy trade. To date, no other aromatherapy trade association has ever attempted to do what the ATC set out to do in terms of self-regulation, due to the huge complexity created by ever-changing legislation and the costs incurred in implementing this.
The ATC currently represents a substantial proportion of the sector. It is democratically governed by an elected Board of Directors made up of representatives from both large and small companies, to ensure a wide cross-section of interests. The Board meets on a regular basis to formulate strategy and consults with the membership on all policy matters.


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Hi! Sign in to let us know how Wells Branch Elementary School was?
Kristi M. May 20 .
With the population explosion in Wells Branch, WBE is filled to capacity. Since adding the Vietnamese program, it's nearly unmanageable. Still, teachers are some of the best! The "specials" programs have been expanded to include theatre arts as well as visual art, music. The science program continues to be strong.
There is good parent and teacher involvement in the PTA. The school is very receptive to parents participating in everyday activities. There is a great deal of diversity without evidence of tension. This makes for a healthy developmental environmental for the children!
Great extracurricular activities including broadcast, student government, and other afterschool programs.
If you've been to or used Wells Branch Elementary School, leave a review.


Description (From Goodreads): Be normal, invisible. Don't get close to anyone. Kids with psychic abilities tend to mysteriously disappear when they get noticed. Joss has spent years trying to hide. Now she has an unasked-for best friend, who is the victim of an extortion plot by the school bully, who used to like Joss, who is best friends with her long-time crush, who is actually talking to her. Life just got more complicated.
With Hush Money Susan Bischoff creates a fascinating world where some people are born with superpowers. These people, the ones with "talents" live in fear of being rounded up and taken away from their families. Joss, a quiet teenager is of these individuals.
Joss does her best to go unnoticed. She and her family are afraid that she will be identified as a talent and therefore taken away. She doesn't have any friends; she avoids contact with anyone and everyone.
I have to say, I was really disappointed with Joss's character. I did not particularly take to her; her personality simply did not rub we well. She didn't have much of a backbone and she never stood up for herself. I really was put off when she stood by idly and watched something terrible happen to another girl. I understand that she did not want to draw attention to herself, but I cannot believe some of the decisions she made.
I also did not like Joss's love interest – Dylan. Dylan was also a huge pushover, he let his idiotic friend Marco walk all over him. I never was really able to connect with him because he did not get much time as the narrator. This made it difficult to see his motivations, or at least to sympathize with his decisions.
Now, I loved the premise for this book and it started out fabulous. The way that Bischoff introduces the talents immediately draws you in, making you want to see what happens next. The idea of it was reminiscent of the T.V. Heroes, especially with the way the organization was rounding people up.
My favorite part of the book was when a group of teen "talents" band together and save one of their own. It's a great action scene and I hope to see more of this kind of thing in the upcoming books. They have the whole "us against the world" thing going on and it gives them an easy bond. I do wish that the rest of characters (those others with talents) were a bit better described. We are given basic descriptions of their talents, but not much else. I was interested to know more about them all, but unfortunately it didn't happen.
I did enjoy the plot overall, but parts of it were a little unbelievable for me – especially concerning the book's main villain, Marco. Marco was incredibly stereotypical, which made him into an extremely flat character. He was horrible all the time and never really gave much of a reason for being so terrible. I like when you can feel some sympathy for a villain, or at least understand their motivations, but that was not the case with Marco.
Although I had a lot of issues with this book, I did enjoy it. It was a quick, entertaining read that kept me on my toes. I will probably continue with the next book, but I certainly hope some things change. For one, I hope that all of the characters are fleshed out better. I did not connect to anyone in Hush Money, so hopefully that will change in the next book.
I'm glad I read your review. I heard about this book at another blog but didn't really read the synopsis so I thought it was about something else xD I thought it was about money and or something.
Anyway, thanks for your review. I see you didn't like the characters and that is usually bad for me...but it seems interesting enough to read it.
Great review. This sounds like a really interesting plot line for a series. I agree though that it is hard to like a book though if you don't like the main characters.