text:
Sagan continues love affair with California in 2016 opener
Timing his sprint in the strong headwind perfectly, Sagan pipped Wippert and Groenewegen on the line in the bunch sprint on the first stage of the Tour of California; the Slovakian is the first leader
Photo: A.S.O.
DYLAN GROENEWEGEN
WOUTER WIPPERT
One year after his surprise overall victory, Peter Sagan (Tinkoff) continued his love affair with the Tour of California by winning the bunch sprint on the first stage of the 2016 edition of the race. Timing his sprint in the strong headwind perfectly, the world champion managed to pass Wouter Wippert (Cannondale) and Dylan Groenewegen (LottoNL-Jumbo) just metres from the line to take both his 14th stage win in the American race and the first leader's jersey.
Ever since he made his debut in 2010, Peter Sagan has been the dominant figure at the Tour of California. During his first six participations, the Slovakian gathered no less than 13 stage victories to become the most successful rider in the race and last year he even defied all expectations by taking the overall win on a course that included both a tough mountain stage and a time trial.
This year Sagan returns to the race as the defending champion but with a harder course than ever before, he has openly admitted that he is not going to defend his title. Instead, he has his sights set on stage wins and with several rolling stages that are suited to puncheurs or likely to be decided in reduced bunch sprints, the race seems to be a paradise for the world champion.
However, few would have expected Sagan to win the first stage which included a big climb but still was expected to suit the pure sprinters. However, as Mark Cavendish (Dimension Data) was boxed in and Alexander Kristoff (Katusha) faded in the headwind when he launched a long sprint, the Slovakian made use of perfect time to kick off his race in the best possible way by taking his 14th stage win.
The 11th edition of the Tour of California kicked off with a tough 175km stage around the city of San Diego. After a flat start, the riders headed into the mountains to go up the category 1 Honey Springs Road mountain (9.5km, 5%). However, the summit was located with 87km to go and after a rolling section, it was a long descent that led to the final 60km which were almost completely flat, meaning that a bunch sprint was the expected outcome.
The riders had great conditions when they rolled out of San Diego but that didn't inspire the riders to ride aggressively. In fact, the break was established almost immediately as Daniel Patten (Wiggins), Daniel Eaton (Unitedhealthcare), Jacob Rathe (Jelly Belly), Joonas Henttala (Novo Nordisk) and Danny Pate (Rally) had already opened a 25-second advantage after just 4 minutes of racing.
Michael Sheehan (Jelly Belly) and Oscar Clark (Holowesko) managed to bridge the gap and make it a front septet before the peloton slowed down. At the 16km mark, the gap had already gone out to 2.35 and it was even six minutes when the escapees approached the first intermediate sprint.
Katusha hit the front to keep the gap under control and when Sheehan beat Eaton and Rathe in the sprint, they had made sure that the advantage was only 6.15. Giant-Alpecin also gathered their troops but they didn't contribute to the chase.
After 50km of racing, the riders slowly started to climb, with Katusha having reduced the gap to 5.35. Vladimir Isaychev and Jhonatan Restrepo did the work and they got to the official start of the Honey Springs Road climb 4.45 behind the seven leaders.
Clark beat Rathe, Pate, Eaton and Henttala in the KOM sprint to ensure that he would wear the mountains jersey after the stage. Further back, Isaychev and Restrepo put Mark Cavendish in difficulty and the Dimension Data rider had to work hard to rejoin the bunch in the rolling section after the top.
With 83km to go, the gap was still 4.15 and Isaychev and Restrepo kept the gap between the 4- and 5.minute marks for a few kilometres before they hit the gas. Entering the final 70km, they had reduced it to 2.45 and it had dropped to 2.10 just seven kilometres later.
With Cavendish back in the peloton, Diemnsion Data gathered their troops behind Katusha that saw the gap go out to 2.30 as they hit the long descent inside the final 60km. Isaychev rode so fast in the downhill section that he even rode away from the peloton and he had to slow down to wait for his teammates.
Katusha were clearly dissatisfied not to get any help and so they slowed down, allowing the gap to almost go out to 3 minutes. After a bit of discussion, Dimension Data accepted to join the Russian team and it was Matthew Brammeier who started to trade pulls with Restrepo and Isaychev.
With the added firepower, the gap was again coming down steadily and it had been reduced to 1.55 as they entered the final 40km.
Brammeier, Restrepo and Isaychev were working well together to keep the break in check. However, the escapees still had something left and as they tried to catch the peloton by surprise, they managed to push the advantage out to 2.20.
The mission failed as the peloton reacted strongly to the acceleration and they had reduced the gap to 1.45 when Sheehan beat Henttala and Eaton in the final intermediate sprint with 35km to go. Hence, Clark used the opportunity to make an attack but as both Rathe and Patten responded immediately, the septet stayed together.
Even though the group started to cooperate again, the attacks had cost some time and only 1.05 was left of the advantage when they hit the final 30km. That prompted Rathe to attack on a small climb just 2km later and unlike the previous attempt from Clark, the move was strong enough for him to get clear.
Patten and Clark took off in pursuit and after a 3km pursuit, they managed to rejoin Rathe. The trio cooperated nicely and while Restrepo ended his work in the peloton, they managed to keep a stable 1-minute advantage with 23km to go. The rest of the break was caught.
Entering the final 20km, Katusha had to dig into their GC resources as Isaychev ended his work. Hence, Tiago Machado hit the front to work with Brammeier who was still chasing hard for Dimenion Data.
Luckily, Restrepo managed to get back on the front to work with Brammerier, meaning that Machado could save previous energy, while the two hard-working domestiques reduced the gap to just 40 seconds with 15km to go.
Patten, Clark and Rathe did an excellent job to maintain their advantage for the next 10km and this forced Machado to again lend a hand to the chase. His strong pulls meant that the gap quickly dropped to 20 seconds and this prompted Patten to try to get rid of his companions. His mission failed and instead he paid for the effort when Clark countered the move, bring only Rathe along to reduce the front group to a duo.
While Patten sat up, Daniel Teklehaimanot (Dimension Data) joined Machado on the front of the peloton as Brammeier had now swung off. Nonetheless, the gap was still 22 seconds with 5km to go.
This was the signal for Sky to kick into action and it was Alex Peters who hit the front for the British team. However, very soon the sprint teams all lined up their troops next to them on the wide road and it was now Peters, Nikolay Trusov (Tinkoff) and Michael Schär (BMC) riding next to each other
With 3.5km to go, it was over for the two escapees and a Holowesko rider had no luck when he tried to launch a counterattack. Just in that moment, LottoNL-Jumbolaunched their train and it was Dennis van Winden who led four of his teammates to the front.
Katusha tried to pass the Dutch team after Maarten Wyannts had taken over but the Dutch team mananed to keep them at bay. Hence, it was Mike Teunissen, Robert Wagner and Dylan Groenewegen who were on the front as they passed the flamme rouge.
The Dutch team were passed by both Tinkoff and Katusha and the two teams went head to head in a big battle. Michal Mørkøv was the first rider to surrender for Katusha and so it was Tinkoff on the front with 500m to go.
Michal Kolar did the lead-out for Sagan but the world champion was nowhere to be seen and so Katusha regained the front positions with Jacopo Guarnieri and Alexander Kristoff. The Norwegian launched his sprint but only moved backwards when riders came from behind.
Instead, it was Groenewegen who came flying after he had seemed to be boxed in and the Dutchman looked like he was going to win the stage. However, Wouter Wippert did a strong sprint and with 100m to go, it seemed to be a duel between the two Dutchmen.
Just as Wippert was passing his compatriot and could smell his first victory in California, Sagan suddenly came flying from far back and he just managed to pass the two Dutch sprinters metres from the line. Wippert had to settle for second while Groenewegen crossed the line in third.
With the victory, Sagan takes the overall lead with a four-second advantage over Wippert and he should have a solid chance to defend his jersey in stage 2 which is much harder than the opener. Right from the start, the riders will tackle a category 1 mountain and then there's another category 2 climb to negotiate in the first half. A long descent leads to two consecutive category 2 climbs and even though the final 30km are predominantly flat, those two challenges are expected to rule out most of the sprinters, meaning that Sagan could very well be the fastest in a reduced bunch sprint.
Groenewegen to prepare for 2017 on the track »
Groenewegen with new plans after Tour of Qatar cancellation »
Chiara PIEROBON
Jeroen DE SMET
Mikk VAAKS


Surrey County Council is recognised as a great place to work, and this is your chance to receive excellent training and personal development. The pages below detail our employment opportunities available for those new to the world of work or looking for a change of career.
Contact us at learning.development@surreycc.gov.uk or phone 0208 541 9000.
Earn a wage while you gain vital work experience and a National Vocational Qualification (NVQ).
Complete a work-based degree, gaining on-the-job experience and avoiding student loan debt.
Gain valuable work experience in your chosen career, helping you build a network of contacts and skills.
An education, training and work experience programme that unlocks your potential to become 'work ready'.
Two-year graduate management development programme run by the Local Government Association.
Meaningful work placements to help you build upon your skills and choose the right career.
Information about apprenticeships delivered by the school as an employer.


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May God inspire the works of your hands.


Simon Woolford has named his 19-man squad for the trip to Catalans Dragons, this Saturday at 5pm.
Aaron Murphy returns from injury to make his first apperance in the Claret and Gold's 19-man squad, while Izaac Farrell retains his place after his Man of the Match performance against Salford Red Devils in Week 1.
Akuila Uate, the sole tryscorer for the Giants in Week 1, retains his place, as does full-back Scott Grix and 2019 recruit Matt Frawley.


text:
Jean Baptiste "Django" Reinhardt (23. januar 1910 – 16. maj 1953) var en fransk/belgisk jazzguitarist, der var en af de første fremtrædende europæiske jazzmusikere, som blev berømt pga. sit nyskabende og karakteristiske spil.

Hvert år bliver der afholdt en festival til ære for ham i Samois-sur-Seine, hvor han boede i de sidste år af sit liv.

Biografi
Django var sintimusiker, der blev født i Liberchies i Vallonien i Belgien .
Han tilbragte det meste af sin barndom i romabeboelser i nærheden af Paris, hvor han levede af at spille banjo, guitar og violin i Bal-musette i Paris.

2. november 1928 gik der ild i den campingvogn, Django boede i. Han lå på sygehus i henved et år, mest på ryggen uden at kunne vende sig. Hans venstre side var kraftig forbrændt, og lægen ville amputere hans ben. Venstre hånd var helt forkrøblet, men Django formåede at opøve tommelfingeren og to fingre til. Han blev dog nødt til at opfinde nærmest naturstridige måder at spille guitar på, og hans vibrato har ingen kunnet kopiere. Hans nabo i hjørnehuset Rue Damrémont 83 i Paris, hvor han boede efter sygehusopholdet, fortalte, at han lå på ryggen og spillede guitar, hvad der ellers regnes for umuligt.

Han gik på pension i 1951 og flyttede til Samois-sur-Seine i Frankrig i nærheden af Fontainebleau. Der boede han til 16. maj 1953, hvor han døde af en hjerneblødning uden for sit hus.

Karriere
Django udviklede sin egen stilart på guitar, Jazz Manouche, og han blev en inspiration for mange guitarister. Han mødte Savitry og Delaunay, som gav ham adgang til jazzscenerne i Paris. I 1934 dannede Django Quintette du Hot Club de France med violinisten Stephane Grapelli, Joseph Reinhardt og Roger Chaput på guitar og Louis Vola på bas. Quintette du Hot Club de France var et af få kendte jazzband som udelukkende spillede på strengeinstrumenter.
Sammen med bl.a. Coleman Hawkins og Benny Carter spillede han i Paris i 1935 og senere på en turne i Europa.
Blandt hans kendteste kompositioner er Nuages fra 1940 og Djangology.
Django satte tidligt pris på amerikanske jazzmusikere som Charlie Parker og Dizzy Gillespie.
Efter krigen rejste Django på turne i USA og spillede et par gange som gæstesolist med Duke Ellingtons orkester i Carnegie Hall.
Django vendte tilbage til Frankrig og spillede med bl.a. Stephane Grapelli og Svend Asmussen. Han spillede af og til elektrisk guitar i den sidste tid.

Noter

Se også
 Festival de Jazz Django Reinhardt
 Sigøjnerjazz

Eksterne henvisninger

Jazzguitarister
Jazzkomponister
Guitarister fra Frankrig
Roma musik

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Five Sentenced Over Mercury Poisoning of 167 Children
Judgment said the convicted had extracted mercury without a license and illegally disposed of industrial waste.
Wang Lianzhang
Five individuals were sentenced to up to four and a half years in prison after residual mercury at an unlicensed factory poisoned over 160 children in 2016, according to a court verdict made public Tuesday in a Legal Evening News report. The decision marks the first sign of justice for the victims' families in over two years.
The factory in central Hunan province's Malichang Town began extracting mercury from industrial waste in November 2015 without authorization from the local government. It suspended operations seven months later, having extracted over a ton of mercury under unsafe working conditions. During this time, it had been illegally discharging waste on its surrounding grounds and in an abandoned building. Some of the mercury was also left behind when the workers abandoned the factory.
In May 2016, a trio of fifth-graders sneaked into the workshop to play and explore. When they discovered an amorphous silvery substance littering the grounds, they began collecting it in bottles. When they later brought the bottles to school to share, they had no idea they were poisoning their friends.
According to a June 2016 report by The Paper, Sixth Tone's sister publication, the three students collected over 50 milliliters of mercury — nearly enough to fill a bottle of Tabasco sauce — which they passed along to their friends. Teachers at the school later issued a statement saying they had found the substance in desks, in garbage bins, and on classroom floors. By their estimation, some 30 students had handled the mercury with their bare hands.
The intermediate people's court of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, where Malichang Town is located, said in an April 2018 judgment document that the factory's illegal operation had caused a dangerous substance to "flow into society," resulting in the poisoning of 167 students, all of whom eventually recovered. The judgment document added that the five defendants — four who extracted the mercury plus one who supplied the industrial waste — had contaminated fields and streams near the factory, resulting in the deaths of seven cows. The men were charged with crimes including polluting the environment and causing harm from a dangerous substance. The court fined them a total of 2 million yuan ($309,000) and ordered them to pay back an additional 2.2 million yuan to the local government.
In May, another case of illegal mercury processing involving four people was heard in the same province, though a verdict has yet to be announced. In response to the sentences in the case of the poisoned children, however, many netizens have criticized the verdict as too lenient.
During the 1970s, extracting mercury became a lucrative business, with numerous small-scale operations popping up in China's rural areas. The toxic element can be found in thermometers, barometers, and other scientific instruments, as well as streetlights, fluorescent bulbs, and neon signs. But the public health risks and lasting environmental damage prompted China — the world's largest producer and consumer of mercury — to apply the brakes to some of its mining operations. In 2013, China signed the Minamata Convention on Mercury, an international treaty aimed at protecting public health and the environment, and pledged to stop mining mercury by 2032.
(Header image: A man extracts mercury at an unlicensed smeltery in Tongren, Guizhou province, May 12, 2011. IC)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Are You Automatically Asking For What You Want?
An overthought process will always reach a dead end.
If you been trying to setup an automated email sequence to cross-sell your auto and home clients, just start with one email. Rome wasn't build in a day.
If you don't ask it will most likely never happen. Simplicity wins every time and will start bringing results much fast than any over thought idea that never happens.
That's what Joey talks with Michelle Mosher of SouthShore Insurance about today as she enjoys the success of she's already achieved while keeping an eye on the work that's left to be done.


I've updated the software and it should be much easier to install and use on any Raspberry PI. It does NOT have a GUI interface any more, but is easier to just plug and play. It is now hosted on github and all updates will be pushed there.
For a show I did in Japan in 2012, I needed to have HD videos looping on two large TVs constantly. They needed to be foolproof and just start when the power was turned on and loop forever. I had two Raspberry Pis and decided to customize a version of Debian wheezy to automatically start looping videos when the computer booted up. It worked great, better than expected and the Raspberry Pis played video non-stop for over a month, in fact the power was never turned off and they never overheated, amazing!
So here is the SD Card image for the Raspberry Pi.


How long have you been with the company? 15 years this June.
What other positions have you held in the company? I started working in customer service before I moved to sales support.
What does your current position entail? I do a lot of grocery administration, pricing and I help with driver recon.
What has been the best thing about your job? I've enjoyed working with all the different departments and the friendships I've made with co-workers over the years.
What do you like to do when you're not working? I like trying new restaurants, spending time with my husband and going to the gym.
If you could be anywhere, drinking any beer, where would you be and what beer would you have in your hand? I would be on the beach in Jamaica drinking a Red Stripe.


Whenever I ask someone about their book or their work in progress, their face lights up. They give me a strong snap-shot of the world they created, the major conflicts and, of course, a detailed description of the protagonist. It isn't until I read their book that I discover their often-delightful, supporting characters.
I've always felt bad for supporting characters. They don't get the love and attention they deserve. Like Luna Lovegood from the Harry Potter series, or Charlotte Lucas, Elizabeth Bennet's best friend in Pride and Prejudice - each one is complex and interesting, but when push comes to shove, no one's going to pay money to dress up like them for Halloween.
Creating interesting side-kicks for our protagonists is an art form in of itself. We pour time and energy into perfecting our protagonists, but without their friends, acquaintances and, let's face it, frenemies, we can't see all their complexities. Each supporting character brings out a new side of our protagonist, making their personalities rich and multifaceted.
In the interest of disclosure, I have an easier time developing supporting characters than I have crafting protagonists. I start by thinking of the traits my protagonist lacks. For example, in my current work in progress, my main character needs to work on her empathy. The solution? Creating a side-kick who desperately needs the patience and understanding of others. My protagonist lacks confidence, so I created a love interest who demands it of her. Even in real life, we gravitate to those who possess talents and traits which we lack. Why should our characters be any different?
By having each supporting character embody one strong personality point, I help bring out the strengths and weaknesses in my main character. Technically, these types of characters are called foils (think of Shakespeare's incredible pairing of the passive lover, Romeo, and the intense fighter, Mercutio). By developing multiple foils, you not only allow readers to have a clear understanding of your supporting characters, but you also make your protagonist come alive.
A protagonist alone doesn't make a story. Give some extra love to their side-kicks and watch them shine.
I agree that each sidekick can bring out a different aspect of the protagonist's character, and creating an effective sidekick is an art in itself!


Anmol Gor is an explicitly talented musician from Ahmedabad, Gujarat. He is a guitarist, singer, live performer and a class musician. His soothing voice is a calmness in the torrent of thoughts, a cool wave in blazing heats, an ice pack on a swelling. He has that something innate in his singing, that can move people.
Anmol is young, but is already doing really well for himself. His melodiously unique voice distinctly sets him apart from the hordes of other singers. He along with his guitar create such an amazing atmosphere, that even the most stressed and worried too feel relaxed.
He has his own YouTube channel, where he exhibits his talent. Creating beautiful covers of so classic songs. He specializes in Blues, Bollywood, Fusion, Funk, Indie and Sufi, His performances cover a range of music, but that feel-good vibe is constant irrespective of the genre he performs in.
Anmol as a person is sweet and humble. He is not as outspoken as one would expect but does have his wits in place. ? He understands music very well, and also recognizes his own strengths, and his performance is a presentation of these two factors.


As an official 2XU UK retailer, ProSwimwear stocks the full 2XU wetsuit and tri suit range designed to help swimmers train harder, perform better and recover faster.
Formed in Australia in 2005, 2XU has grown from being a specialist run and triathlon brand to an international technical sportswear company. It has built and developed an extensive 2XU tri suit and wetsuit range, while pioneering an innovative collection of 2XU compression wear for training and recovery.
The 2XU compression range features specialist tights and tops that swimmers and triathletes can use to aid muscle recovery between races and hard training sessions.
You can learn more about The Benefits of Using Compression Wear in our blog article featuring a 2XU compression video guide.
Our 2XU wetsuit range offers a huge choice of specialist swimming wetsuits for all abilities, ranging from entry-level beginner suits to elite suits like the 2XU Propel Pro Wetsuit.
We also stock a variety of 2XU tri suits for the bike and run elements of triathlon. Much like the 2XU wetsuits, our 2XU trisuits are made to the highest standards and deliver outstanding levels of performance.
In addition, our 2XU triathlon collection also includes all the essential accessories you'll need come race day, from open water swimming goggles and neoprene swim caps to transition bags and race belts.
You're always likely to find an excellent deal in our 2XU sale, so start browsing now for all your triathlon needs.


It wasn't a terrible day, but it wasn't the greatest, either. It was storming, the kids were cranky, I overslept a little, and I didn't get in a morning workout. No morning workout means I'm cranky and still half-asleep on the commute to work.
I was busy as a one-armed paper hanger last night and I was listening to the MTV Movie Awards for one reason only: Shailene Woodley and The Fault in Our Stars. I just recently read the book, after learning Shai was in the movie, of course. Now I'm on a big John Green kick and ready to devour more of his work. However, the movie was AMAZING and I wanted it to win and win big. An added bonus to the wins was the acceptance speech from Shai. All of them.
Moving on, check out my bone broth from last night. It was boiling hot so I let these sit on the counter and seal. These are turkey, chicken, and beef bones. I drink a cup each morning and sometimes at night, too. It depends on whether or not I need extra gut-healing and right now, I certainly do. I had a pretty severe gluten contamination from 2 things: new face cream and flour from cooking for Stephen. This also explains why yesterday's run was rough and I'm already exhausted from work today. More broth and fermented foods, please.
My newest stash of "hippie oils" as my awesome brother-in-law calls them. These are Native American Nutritionals and I'll have a whole separate blog post about them after I try them out. I did my research before buying these.
Lunch! I made this great big pot of thai coconut soup that has sweet, sour, salty, and spicy all mixed into one bowl. I LOVE this stuff. Breakfast was a big bowl of nothing and this was lunch.


text:
import Geometry from './Geometry';
import Texture from './Texture';
import {vec2, vec3, mat4} from 'gl-matrix';

export default class Model {
  geometry: Geometry
  texture: Texture
  position: vec3
  euler: vec3
  uvOffset: vec2
  uvScale: vec2
  private transform: mat4
  needsUpdate: boolean
  visible: boolean

  constructor(geometry: Geometry, texture: Texture) {
    this.geometry = geometry;
    this.texture = texture;
    this.position = vec3.fromValues(0, 0, 0);
    this.uvOffset = vec2.fromValues(0, 0);
    this.uvScale = vec2.fromValues(1, 1);
    this.euler = vec3.fromValues(0, 0, 0);
    this.transform = mat4.create();
    this.needsUpdate = true;
    this.visible = true;
  }

  /**
   * Because of the nature of the game, rotations happen first, since everything
   * rotates around the centre.
   */
  getTransform() {
    if (this.needsUpdate) {
      mat4.identity(this.transform);
      mat4.rotateX(this.transform, this.transform, this.euler[0]);
      mat4.rotateY(this.transform, this.transform, this.euler[1]);
      mat4.rotateZ(this.transform, this.transform, this.euler[2]);
      mat4.translate(this.transform, this.transform, this.position);
      this.needsUpdate = false;
    }

    return this.transform;
  }

  /**
   * Turn coordinates within the texture to UVs
   */
  setSpritePosition(sheetWidth: number, sheetHeight: number, x: number, y: number, w: number, h: number) {
    vec2.set(this.uvOffset, x / sheetWidth, y / sheetHeight);
    vec2.set(this.uvScale, w / sheetWidth, h / sheetHeight);
  }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Hotel Impozant sits in Valca Valley among the beautiful scenery of the Malá Fatra mountain range in the north-west of Central Slovakia. The Malá Fatra mountain range is a national park and sports arena. The owner of the Hotel Impozant has for a long time sought illumination of a nearby creek from a light source that could be concealed beneath the bridge. His intention was to increase the attractiveness of the site.
The hotel owner turned to Milan Ondisko, Sales Manager of City Light Slovakia s.r.o., who quickly arranged a summer evening demonstration during sunset.
"The hotel owner preferred two strong quality lights instead of several smaller fixtures. Once we turned on the light, no more words were necessary. The SGM P-5 talked for itself and proved to be the perfect tool; plenty of rich coloured light output to illuminate the creek with its banks and surrounding areas," said Milan Ondisko. Ondisko expects that the effect from the two RGBW P-5 wash lights now installed will become even more intense during the winter due to snow.
Both the temperature range and the IP65 rating of the luminaires were essential considerations when selecting products for the installation. For the installation, the P-5 wash lights are exposed to the elements, and they reportedly offer high-performance operation with low power consumption, according to SGM.


text:
China Facts.
FactsKing.com / Facts About Countries & Territories / China Facts
Arguably the most well known Asian country in the world, China is not only economically strong, but also incredibly rich in culture, traditions and history. Contrary to popular belief, China has very diverse groups of people and is actually said to be a microcosm of Asia. There are many other cultural sites and types of cuisine across the country, as well as indigenous groups; a visit will surely deepen your knowledge of this incredibly culturally rich land. You can visit the open portion of the Forbidden City, temples and museums like the one that displays the Terracotta Army. You will never be able to learn enough about China or see enough of the land, because it really is incredibly rich and diverse. However, one visit will change all of your preconceptions about China and the Chinese and leave you awestruck at the nation's beauty.
Cool, Funny, and Fun Facts About China
China is the fourth largest country in the world (after Russia, Canada, and the U.S.). It has an area of 3,719,275 square miles (slightly smaller than the U.S.) and its borders with other countries total more than 117,445 miles. Approximately 5,000 islands lie off the Chinese coast.
China's Grand Canal is the world's oldest and longest canal at 1,114 miles (1,795 km) long with 24 locks and around 60 bridges.
The 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing were the most expensive games in history.b While the 2004 Athens Games were estimated to cost around $15 billion, the Beijing Games were estimated to cost a whopping $40 billion.
Hangzhou is renowned as China's "paradise on earth" owing to its beautifully crafted landscape.West Lake was created after the Chinese love for garden-style parks for recreation. The occasional pagoda and Chinese-style arched bridge add atmosphere to the tree-lined walkways, verdant islands, and hills.
The summit of Mt Everest marks the border between China and Nepal.
China has the fourth longest river in the world, the Yangtze River, which reaches 5,797km (3,602 miles) in length. It also has the sixth longest, the Yellow River, stretching 4,667km (2,900 miles).
The Bund is one of the most recognizable architectural symbols of Shanghai. It showcases the world with its colonial European buildings and skyscrapers the other side of the Huangpu, housing one of the world's foremost business districts.
One of the iconic symbols of China, the Great Wall isthe longest wall in the world, an awe-inspiring feat of ancient defensive architecture. It deserves its place among "the New Seven Wonders of the World" and the UNESCO World Heritage Sites in China. The wall spans from China's western frontier to the east coast, totaling around 5,000 km (3,100 miles), but the most integrated and best preserved sections are close to Beijing. So this is what people usually mean when mentioning the Great Wall of China.
The Terracotta Army has laid underground for more than 2,000 years. However, in 1974, farmers digging a well uncovered one of the greatest archaeological sites in the world. In 1987 it became World Cultural Heritage. It is significant because the hundreds of detailed life-size models represent the army that triumphed over all other Chinese armies in the Warring States Period (475–221 BC), and who were the decisive factor in forming a united China.
The Forbidden City was the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing Dynasties for 560 years till 1911. 24 emperors lived there. World Cultural Heritage, and now known as 'the Palace Museum' among Chinese, it is a treasure house of Chinese cultural and historical relics. It was once a "palace city" where ordinary people were forbidden entry. An extravagant demonstration of ancient Chinese architecture, over 8,000 rooms with golden roofs are elegantly designed and painted in red and yellow.
The Li River was listed as one of the "World's Top Ten Watery Wonders" by America's National Geographic Magazine. Several world famous figures have visited the Li River, including former US Presidents Bill Clinton and George Bush (senior), and Bill Gates.
The Yellow Mountains are the most famous peaks in China, and one of China's three best national parks — the other two being Zhangjiajie National Forest Park and Jiuzhaigou National Forest Park. Compared to the two other national parks, Yellow Mountain National Park is easier to access, and, naturally, more popular and busy.
Dyeing pets to look like other wild animals is a trend in China.
Pencils are yellow because, in the 1890's, the world's best pencil graphite came from China. In China, the color yellow is associated with royalty, so American pencil manufacturers started painting their pencils yellow to indicate they contained high-quality Chinese graphite.
Tickling was a form of torture used in ancient China on nobility because it left no mark and recovery was quick.
In some parts of China, "pigtails" were associated with a girl's marital status. A young girl would wear two pigtails, and when she married, she would wear just one. This may have contributed to the Western view that pigtails are associated with children and young girls.
Famous Chinese and Chinese-American actors include Jackie Chan (Hong Kong), Chow Yun Fat (Hong Kong), Bruce Lee (San Francisco), Jet Li (Beijing), Zhang Ziyi (Beijing), and Lucy Lui (New York).
China uses 45 billion chopsticks per year.
Reincarnation is forbidden in China without government permission.
Catsup was originally made in China, not as a tomato-based condiment but as a pickled fish sauce call ke tsiap.
In China, over 35 million still live in caves.
The sunrise in parts of China can be as late as 10 am because the country joined its five time zones into a single one.
In China, you can major in Bra Studies.
A new skyscraper is built in China every five days.
Historical and Cultural Facts About China
China is often considered the longest continuous civilization, with some historians marking 6000 B.C. as the dawn of Chinese civilization. It also has the world's longest continuously used written language.
Fortune cookies are not a traditional Chinese custom. They were invented in 1920 by a worker in the Key Heong Noodle Factory in San Francisco.
Toilet paper was invented in China in the late 1300s. It was for emperors only.
The Chinese invented paper, the compass, gunpowder, and printing.
The Chinese invented kites ("paper birds" or "Aeolian harps") about 3,000 years ago. They were used to frighten the enemies in battle, and Marco Polo (1254-1324) noted that kites were also used to predict the success of a voyage. It was considered bad luck to purposely let a kite go.
Cricket fighting is a popular amusement in China. Many Chinese children keep crickets as pets.
Many historians believe soccer originated in China around 1000 B.C.
Giant Pandas ("bear cat") date back two to three million years. The early Chinese emperors kept pandas to ward off evil spirits and natural disasters. Pandas also were considered symbols of might and bravery.
Chinese alchemists successfully used man-carrying tethered kites by the fourth century A.D. Parachutes were not used safely and effectively in Europe until the late 1700s.
The custom of binding feet (euphemistically called "golden lilies") began among female entertainers and members of the Chinese court during the Song dynasty (A.D. 960-1279). Tightly wrapped bandages gradually broke the arch of the foot and caused the woman's toes and heel to grow inward toward one another. Her leg muscles would also atrophy and become very thin. Bound feet were seen as highly sexual.
In A.D. 130, Zhang Heng, an astronomer and literary scholar, invented the first instrument for monitoring earthquakes. The machine could detect and indicate the direction of an earthquake.
China invented ice cream, and Marco Polo is rumored to have taken the recipe (along with the recipe for noodles) back with him to Europe.


David Soard Boulder Daily Camera | David Soard is an ElderMaster of Shaolin Kung Fu living in Boulder, Colorado. Using his camera almost daily, he takes photos of his dogs, as well as various aspects of Kung fu.
David Soard is an ElderMaster of Shaolin Kung Fu living in Boulder, Colorado. Using his camera almost daily, he takes photos of his dogs, as well as various aspects of Kung fu.
David Soard of Boulder, Colorado has mostly Daily Camera photos of his dogs playing with a Kong in the waning sun.


text:
"I'M RICK JAMES, B*TCH!"
By: Francesca Small
My research for this topic was conducted through the means of finding scholarly texts on the life of Rick James. While exploring the texts, I would also listen to his discography and try to understand the intent in which James was creating his music. I used various online databases to find the texts. Among these texts I used both biographies/autobiographies and texts which display the lives of various musicians. Through this research of Jame's childhood and adult life, I was able to explore the experiences of the man who created such amazing music.
One of eight children, born in Buffalo, New York on February 1st 1948 as James Ambrose Johnson Jr. James' father, who was a mechanic, left his family by the age of ten. His mother would often take him to bars were she would collect numbers. This is were he was introduced to performers such as Miles Davis and Etta James, thus spawning his love for music. James had attended both Orchard Park High School and Bennett High School before dropping out. As a you he had many stints in jail, mostly for theft and burglary. By the age of 14 or 15 he eventually enlisted in the navy to avoid the draft, thus lying about his age to enlist. After being ordered to Vietnam for missing his reserve sessions, he fled to Toronto, Canada in 1965 (James, 2014). There, James would go on and change his name to Ricky James Mathews (which eventually by the aid of one James' musical heroes, Marvin Gaye, would be shortened to Rick James).
Rick james meets Motown
While in Canada, James founded a band named "Mynah Bird". Its sound was a fusion of soul, folk and rock music. The band after making a few lineup changes, left Canada to the city of Detroit to record with Motown records. James would go on to meet a plethora of his musical heroes at this time, including Marvin Gaye. Motown executives eventually found out about Rick James' criminal life, and refused to release anymore of his music until he got his legal issues with the military taken care of. James turned himself in to the FBI in 1966, and was sentenced back to the navy, for 5-6 months of hard labor. James was hardly even 19 years old at the time, and fled his detention, being on the run for six weeks. Eventually he would complete his detention, and went on to write many songs for Motown artists such as The Miracles, Bobby Taylor and the Vancouvers, and The Spinners. However, like many artists at the time, James rarely saw profit for his work.
Time to go solo
Rick James' solo album is released April 1978, entitled Come Get It!. This album featured songs such as Mary Jane and You and I, chart toppers that would go on to bring James to stardom. At the time Motown records had been suffering from low sales and funds, and this album helped them greatly, which was ironic since they had previously not payed James a lot of his song writing commissions. His second album Bustin' Out of L Seven was released in early 1979, and sold a million copies. The next album Fire it Up was released late 79' and went gold. Around this time, James launched his first headlining tour, The Fire it Up tour, he brought Teena Marie and then upcoming artist Prince to be opening acts. The tour would thus spark a rivalry between James and Prince, as James accused him of copying his act. James had produces Teena Marie's very successful debut Motown album, Wild and Peaceful. Garden of Love, a ballad heavy album released in 1980, it was James' 4th album to go gold. Then in 1981, James would release Street Songs, his best selling album to date. Street Songs featured a mix of many genres, including pop, rock, and funk. James considered his work to be "crossover funk" and "punk funk"(Peter Benjaminson, 2017).
THE RELATIONSHIPS MADE ALONG THE WAY
James had three children with singer songwriter Syville Morgan. James would go on to date famous actress Linda Blair from 1982-84. James had once read in an article that Blair considered him to be very "sexy. After their breakup he would go on to write the hit song "Cold Blooded" after her. In 1989, James would begin his relationship with then 17 year old Tanya Hijazi. The two had a very interesting relationship, as they would go on to kidnap and assault 24 year old Francis Alley. After their respective releases from prison, they would later have a son together, marry in 1996 and divorce in 2002. Teena Marie and Rick James were really close friends, and according to Marie, the two dated for three months, and were engaged for two weeks. Although they did have an on again/off again romantic relationship, the two continued to be very close friends.
Rick James was also very good friends with both Charlie and Eddie Murphy. Eddie Murphy and James met in 81' and the two recorded the song "Party All The Time" together in 85'. Charlie Murphy, who worked as a body gaurd for his brother Eddie, met James in 84' and the two became very close. The both of them would later have skits on the Dave Chappelle show, were they would recount their relationship.
The passing & THE INFLUENCE
On August 6th 2004, James' caretaker found him dead in his Los Angeles home. James had passed due to cardiac failure as a result of his various health conditions. Buried in Buffalo, New York, James' headstone is engraved with one of his very own lyrics stating, "I've had it all, I've done it all, I've seen it all. It's all about love – God is love."(Taste, Deeper Still, 2007)
Rick James was a pioneer artist that not only performed, but wrote, produced, and arranged. He found importance in crossing funk groove, rock, pop, soul and his own twist to all of his creations. Emerging from Buffalo, New York to becoming an international superstar James's music touched many. While his private life may have been played with crime, drugs, and promiscuity, his music was honest, and true, and had enough funk and soul for the world. Rick James influenced many artists from classic acts like Prince, to modern acts like Rae Sremmurd and Drake. Everyone wanted, and still wants to be a "super freak".
Come Get It! (with the Stone City Band) (1978)
Bustin' Out of L Seven (1979)
Fire It Up (1979)
Garden of Love (1980)
Street Songs (1981)
Throwin' Down (1982)
Cold Blooded (1983)
Glow (1985)
The Flag (1986)
Wonderful (1988)
Kickin' (1989)
Urban Rapsody (1997)
Bibliography and WORKS CITED
Benjaminson, Peter. Super Freak : The Life of Rick James. Chicago Review Press, 2017.'
James, Rick, and David Ritz. Glow : The Autobiography of Rick James. First Atria books hardcover edition. ed., Atria Books, 2014.
James, Rick. The Confessions of Rick James : Memoirs of a Super Freak. Colossus Books, 2007.
George, Nelson. Buppies, B-Boys, Baps & Bohos : Notes on Post-Soul Black Culture. 1st Da Capo Press ed., updated and expanded ed. ed., Da Capo Press, 2001.
LaBlanc, Michael L. Contemporary Musicians: Profiles of the People in Music. Volume 2, Gale Research, 1990.
Morgan, Pat. Motown Artist by Artist : A Compilation of the 100 Greatest Motown Artists. G2 Rights, 2014.
Pilchak, Angela M. Contemporary Musicians: Profiles of the People in Music. Volume 55, Thomson Gale, 2006.
Ripani, Rich. The New Blue Music : Changes in Rhythm & Blues, 1950-1999. 1st ed. ed., University Press of Mississippi, 2006.
Vincent, Rickey. Funk : The Music, the People, and the Rhythm of the One. 1st St. Martin's Griffin ed. ed., St. Martin's Griffin, 1996.
OTHER WORKS BY THE AUTHOR
I'M BLACK Y'ALL- AMERICAN MUSIC
Disclaimer *I am not an artist* SOUL For the soul portion of my piece, I referenced artists such as Aretha Franklin, Marvin Gaye, and James
"Never Can Say Goodbye…" I'm Out of Here
Doc, after the attitudes and side eyes that went on in this class, we must finally part ways. I loved being able to spend class
We Want The Funk-Gotta Have That…
What is it about the things Black people create? That music for us, by us. Well funk was definitely that. Founded in the mid 60's,
We In This…Theater?
Musical theater by the 1890's in America was a genre completely powered by white people. Any form of representation of African Americans was once completely
We About to Jazz It Up: Improvisation and Commodification
Rising from what was already booming of the Blues and Ragtime, in the cosmopolitan streets of New Orleans, came Jazz. Emerging in the early 1900's,
Artist Biography Outline: Rick James
OUTLINE METHODOLOGY: Insert methods used for research(music, documentaries, biographies, etc). Perhaps insert prior knowledge of artist. INTRODUCTION: Who is Rick James? What genre is he


10.76.020 Use of wheeled all-terrain vehicle on city streets.
10.76.030 Restrictions on use of wheeled all-terrain vehicle on city streets.
10.76.040 Requirements for wheeled all-terrain vehicle.
10.76.050 Registration requirements of a wheeled all-terrain vehicle.
10.76.060 Duty to obey traffic-control devices and rules of the road.
"City street" means every way, lane, road, street, boulevard, and every way or place in the city open as a matter of right to public vehicular traffic inside the corporate limits of the city.
"Motorcycle helmet" has the same meaning as provided in RCW 46.37.530.
"Sidewalk" means that property between the curb lines or the lateral lines of a city street and the adjacent property, set aside and intended for the use of pedestrians or such portion of private property parallel and in proximity to a city street and dedicated to use by pedestrians.
c. Has a wheelbase of over sixty-one inches. A wheeled all-terrain vehicle is an off-road vehicle for the purposes of Chapter 4.24 RCW. (Ord. 1488 § 2 (Exh. A) (part), 2015).
Subject the restrictions and requirements set forth in this chapter, a person with a valid driver's license issued by the state of the person's residence may operate a wheeled all-terrain vehicle upon a city street having a speed limit of thirty-five miles per hour or less. (Ord. 1488 § 2 (Exh. A) (part), 2015).
G. Wheeled all-terrain vehicles are subject to Chapter 46.55 RCW. (Ord. 1506 § 1, 2016: Ord. 1488 § 2 (Exh. A) (part), 2015).
L. For utility-type vehicles, as described under RCW 46.09.310(19), seatbelts meeting the requirements of RCW 46.37.510. (Ord. 1488 § 2 (Exh. A) (part), 2015).
A wheeled all-terrain vehicle operated on a city street must comply with all the registration requirements of Chapter 49.06 RCW. (Ord. 1488 § 2 (Exh. A) (part), 2015).
Unless a law enforcement officer directs otherwise, a person operating a wheeled all-terrain vehicle must obey all rules of the road that apply to vehicle or pedestrian traffic under the laws of the state and the city and must obey the instructions of official traffic-control signals, signs and other control devices applicable to vehicles. A person operating a wheeled all-terrain vehicle upon a city street is subject to all of the duties that Chapter 46.61 RCW et seq. imposes on an operator of a vehicle, except as to those provisions thereof which by their nature can have no application. (Ord. 1488 § 2 (Exh. A) (part), 2015).
C. On the Riverwalk Park Trail. (Ord. 1488 § 2 (Exh. A) (part), 2015).
A person who violates a provision of this chapter is guilty of a traffic infraction and will be punished by the imposition of a monetary penalty not to exceed two hundred fifty dollars, exclusive of statutory assessments; provided, that conduct that constitutes a criminal traffic offense may be charged as such and is subject to the maximum penalties allowed for such offenses. (Ord. 1488 § 2 (Exh. A) (part), 2015).


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We provide world-class training through our Sure Thing™ training program, insurance benefits and paid vacations.
Apply by submitting your cover letter and resume to lindsay@novasalon.com.


Several times a year, as part of EGA's Extended Study Program, members get to visit and enjoy beautiful locations around the world as they participate in classes, textile tours and more. This past weekend, many of our members headed to New Orleans to take part in our "Comfort Zone Cubic Right Angle with Marcia DeCoster" ESP. While in the Big Easy, they got to learn new stitches from Marcia who's a master of all forms of cubic right angle weave, tour the city including sites for beads and Mardi Gras costuming.
"This program just made my fondest dreams come true April 8 to April 14, 2018. Wow! What better place to have my favorite international beading teacher and my favorite location come together for a wonder filled, magnificent learning experience than New Orleans, Louisiana with Marcia DeCoster and her Designs for Cubic Right Angle Weave Bohemian elements. As always in my experience, Marcia DeCoster provided a learning experience that pushed both the beginner and experienced out of their ordinary stitching into creating mini works of art.
The ESP program team put together an event that let the great times roll. Everything was well planned by Marie Campbell and her ESP team. The Wednesday event brought us closer to a truly magnificent Bead Embroidery and costume design artist-a treasure to the Marci Gras Courts.
All comforts and gustatory-delights were anticipated and provided in a perfect manner by our host hotel: The Troubadour, a Hilton property in New Orleans. Even the Weather in New Orleans cooperated until the last day. New Orleans were hot and humid are almost synonymous was delightfully cool and dry, colorful and architecturally rich and delicious.
"Returned a short while ago from an ESP class with Marcia De Coster in New Orleans. In full disclosure, New Orleans is where I grew up and consider home, so no matter what I was doing, I was going to love it.
And sure enough, Marcia's class in cubic right angle weave was spectacular.
One of the most wonderful things about an ESP is that you are totally immersed in a specific technique or skill and yet your individual work can be so different from your neighbor.
Join us for an upcoming Extended Study Program, we are going to: Mexico, San Francisco, Charleston and the United Kingdom.


text:
Q: How to make subsequent http requests asynchronously inside a while loop without using promises and async/await? I have a service that is written in Node and sends the request to get a list of teams for a specific city to another API service.
Request params:

*

*city

*page

*per_page
Response body:

*

*page

*per_page

*more

*teams
per_page by default is set to 1000 but the number of teams is much greater than 1000 and some teams are not returned in the response. I need all the teams though.
For some reasons I am not going to specify here, I do not want to change per_page param, but what I want to do is to send the first request and check if more in the response body is true (meaning there are more teams), I extract teams from the response body and add it to the final result, increase page param and send the request with params:
{
  "page": "2",
  "city": "chicago",
  "per_page": 1000,
 }

I keep doing that until more header is false.
The service is written in Node and I use the request package for sending HTTP requests. Initially, I wanted to use while loop:
function teamsInCity(city, page, result, callback) {
 let more = true;

  while(more) {
  // send the request
  // extract teams into the result array
  // check if there is more
  // send another request
  // keep sending requests and appending teams until more is false
  }
  // return the final result with all the teams
}

But that didn't work because while loop sends the request and keeps executing the next line of code without waiting for the response. So I solved it with recursion and it works. But I need it to be tail call optimized and I am not sure but I think Node doesn't support that but I might be wrong.
Is there a way to send requests inside of while loop without using async/await and promises?
Below is my working function with recursion:
function teamsInCity(city, page, result, callback) {
  request.get({
    url: 'my_service' + '/teams',
    qs: { 'city' : city, 'page': page, 'per_page': 1000 },
    json: true
  }, function(err, response, body) {
    if (err) { return callback(err); }

    result = result.concat(body.teams);

    if (body.more) {
      page++;
      return teamsInCity(city, page, result, callback);
    }
    return callback(null, result);
  });
}

And here is the route that calls teamsInCity()
router.get('/:city', function(req, res) {
  var data = {teams: []};
  myService.teamsInCity(req.params.city, 1, [], function(err, teams) {
    if (err) {
      logger.error('Error while retrieving teams in ' + req.params.city);
    }
    data.teams = _.sortBy(teams, 'name');
    res.send(data);
  });
});

Thank you!

A: You could use the async library, and the whilst  function. I don't think this will make your Stack Overflow ;-)
For example:
const async = require("async");

function teamsInCity(city, callback) {
    let result = [];
    let page = 0;
    let more = true;
    async.whilst(
        () => more,
        (callback2) => {
            request.get({
                url: 'my_service' + '/teams',
                qs: { 'city' : city, 'page': page++, 'per_page': 1000 },
                json: true
            }, (err, response, body) => {
                if (err) {
                    callback2(err);
                    console.error(`teamsInCity: Error occurred: ${err.message}`);
                } else {
                    console.log(`teamsInCity: Page#: ${page}, Team count: ${body.teams.length}, More pages: ${body.more}`);
                    more = body.more;
                    result = result.concat(body.teams);
                    callback2(null, result);
                }
            })
        },
        (err, result) => {
            if (err) console.error("Final callback error: ", err.message);
            if (!err) console.log("Final callback result: ", result);
            callback(err, result);
        }
    );
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


On 18 April 2017 the Australian Government announced changes to the Temporary Work (Skilled) Subclass 457 Visa category. There will be a staged removal of the Subclass 457 Visa and by March 2018 this single visa will be replaced by a two stream Temporary Skills Shortage (TSS) visa category.
in or around March 2018 the Subclass 457 visa will be replaced by the TSS visa category with further changes expected with regard to requirements relating to genuineness, English language, work experience, salary, character, training, labour market testing, renewals and permanent residence pathways.
We understand that the Labour Agreement category is currently being reviewed in relation to how they reflect current economic and employment conditions, and to ensure that the local labour market is not being undercut and Australian workers are given priority. However, there are no details regarding these reviews available at this stage.
It should be noted that the changes anticipated for later this year and next year remain subject to further amendment by the Government and should not be relied upon until confirmation and details of their implementation are received.
We will continue to monitor any new developments with regard to the changes to the employer sponsorship visa categories. In the meantime, if you have any further queries, please contact our migration team.


text:
shopkins@realmark.com.au
Suite 4/58 Dunn Bay Road
DUNSBOROUGH, WA 6281
Helping people can be one of life's most simple yet satisfying pleasures and Realmark Dunsborough's Steve Hopkins has done more than his share.
Over a successful career in real estate and more than 30 years as both a top-level volunteer and professional lifesaver, Steve's proud to have assisted literally hundreds of grateful people in need of his expert help.
Steve's approach to his real estate work is uncomplicated: tell the unvarnished truth and always give clients a superior level of advice and service.
"I'm a big Karma person … what goes around, comes around. I believe you must treat everyone as you'd want to be treated," says Steve.
"I always ask a lot of questions before I sell properties and I guide people honestly and accurately through the entire process."
Steve's love affair with the town of Dunsborough began years ago, as a boy visiting from Perth with his family in the late 1970's, the fascination with the town and its pristine beaches has continued to grow.
It was Steve's passion for the area that brought him to live in Dunsborough over 15 years ago. "Our population has grown dramatically but, you know what, we're still only a small town," says Steve.
"We still know all the locals, it's got that nice vibe when you walk down the street and you say good morning to people. It's a safe place and we have a very good community spirit down here where everyone looks out for everybody."
As a former elite level swimmer, ironman and professional lifeguard, Steve understands better than most what it takes to be successful and says being part of the professional and respected team at Realmark Dunsborough gives him the same satisfaction.


Increased demand for corn from ethanol plants, short wheat crops, and stagnant South American soybean yields have led to $3.00 corn, $5.00 wheat, and $6.00 soybeans. These high prices suggest that producers of these commodities should not expect any loan deficiency payments or countercyclical payments for either their 2006 or 2007 crops. If futures prices are any indication, then farmers might not see any payments from these programs for at least three or four years. High prices will not affect direct payments, of course. So $2.1 billion in annual aid will flow to corn farmers, $1.15 billion will go to wheat farmers, and soybean farmers will receive $608 million for both crop years despite the high prices.
A lack of payments is good news for farmers, our budget deficit, and our trading partners. Farmers get to enjoy the benefits of high prices; the budget deficit will be relatively smaller; and our commodity programs will have minimal impact on world prices. However, high prices pose a dilemma for farm groups and their supporters in Congress. The current set of programs was designed to generate payments to offset low prices. What should be done with our current programs if we are entering a period of high prices?
Declare victory over low prices but keep current programs and associated target prices in place just in case this victory is short-lived.
Keep current programs but raise target prices for all crops or for those crops that would not otherwise receive payments.
Change farm programs so that they provide a better financial safety net, with payments arriving when they are needed.
Before turning to a more detailed look at each of these options, it might be instructive to see how Congress responded with changes in farm legislation in earlier periods of high prices.
The commodity price boom in the mid-1970s resulted in support levels that were far below market prices. Congress responded with farm legislation in 1973, 1977, and 1981 that increased loan rates and target prices. Before the boom, corn loan rates were $1.35/bu. At their peak, loan rates hit $2.55/bu. Target prices for corn increased from $1.38/bu to a peak of $3.03/bu. The most common justification for this rapid increase in price supports was to combat rising production costs.
In 1995, Congress was again faced with a choice about what to do in a period when market prices were above price support levels. At that time, strong export demand, a weak dollar, and production problems resulted in high prices in 1995 and 1996. Prices were also expected to remain strong for several years. Congress responded quite differently with the 1996 farm bill. Rather than raise target prices, Congress eliminated the deficiency payment program and funded the direct payment program, assuring farmers of payments during what was expected to be a strong price period.
The graph shows the history of total support levels and market prices for corn through 2005. (The pictures for wheat and cotton are similar.) The run-up in market prices during the 1970s was closely followed by a run-up in support levels. The run-up in prices in the mid-1990s actually resulted in a brief decline in support, until the market loss assistance payments were paid out in 1998. The maintenance of support levels in 2002 is clearly revealed.
It is interesting to consider what U.S. agriculture would look like today had Congress simply left support prices at their 1970 levels. The overall pattern of market prices for corn would look largely as it does in the graph, with some exceptions. High government support prices in the early 1980s undoubtedly expanded planted acreage, but annual set-asides somewhat counteracted these effects. The large buildup of stocks in the mid-1980s kept prices from rising higher than they otherwise would have in the drought year of 1988. And prices would not have risen as high as they did in the drought year of 1983 except for the large acreage reduction effort that year. But, especially since 1996, the overall pattern of prices and production have been largely unaffected by the billions of dollars in federal support given to corn farmers over this period. That is, if government had chosen to wean farmers from support in 1972, the U.S. Corn Belt would look mostly like it does today. The large run-up in commodity prices in the 1970s would have occurred. And we still would have had the farm crises in the mid-1980s, high prices in the mid-1990s, low prices in the late 1990s, and bumper corn crops in 1994, 2004, and 2005. Ultimately, what we have to show for the billions of dollars that have been spent supporting corn farmers are perhaps a bit higher corn production, somewhat higher land prices and wealthier landowners, and some cases in which farmers' transition out of agriculture was made easier by payments. Whether these accomplishments are enough to justify the costs is an open question, but it is important to keep these long-run impacts in mind as we decide what to do with the next farm bill.
For all the domestic and international criticism aimed at the 2002 farm bill, extension of its commodity provisions would represent a move to a free-market program regime for corn, soybeans, and wheat. The impact of the biofuels boom on the demand for corn should mean that market prices for all three commodities could remain above levels that trigger countercyclical and loan deficiency payments at current target prices and loan rates. Direct payments would still flow to producers, but these payments have little effect on planting decisions.
Maintenance of current target prices and loan rates would also give Congress and farmers assurance that a repeat of the late 1990s could not occur. Elimination of the deficiency payment program in 1996 left only the nonrecourse loan program and AMTA (Agricultural Market Transition Act) payments to cushion the blow of low prices. Congress felt that this was an inadequate cushion and passed emergency payments beginning in 1998 and made permanent this level of support with the countercyclical payment program in 2002. Maintenance of current programs at current target prices would mean that if prices were to return to the low levels of the late 1990s, then farmers would be assured of large payments.
Depending on the intricacies of budget scoring, holding the line on target prices could free up funds for use in other areas of the farm bill, such as conservation, research, energy, nutrition, and rural development, where a good case can be made for spending scarce public funds on programs that serve broad public interests.
The most vocal advocate for extension of current provisions of the farm bill is the American Farm Bureau Federation. It will be interesting to see if Farm Bureau's position will change this winter given that its farmer members who grow corn, soybeans, and wheat will be receiving few payments over the next few years.
An alternative to simply extending current provisions is to keep current programs but to "rebalance" target prices. Soybean and wheat growers have received almost no support from countercyclical payments since this program's inception, and corn farmers should not expect to see any support for the next few years. But rice and cotton producers likely will continue to receive both marketing loans and countercyclical payments.
Already, the National Association of Wheat Growers is advocating a 24 percent increase in the wheat target price. The two justifications they give for this proposed increase are that the current target price is too low given current market prices and that wheat farmers have simply not received their fair share of payments. The American Soybean Association in an October 12 press release asks "Congress to correct inequities under the current Farm Bill where target prices for oilseed crops are disproportionately low compared to other program crops."
A rebalancing of target prices requires some idea of what should be in balance. Should target prices be set so that per-acre payments are equalized? Should they be set to reflect past market prices? Should target prices reflect production costs somehow? Or should they be balanced to minimize their impact on planting decisions? When target prices are rebalanced, should cotton and rice prices be lowered or should we only consider increasing support levels?
A more fundamental question that should be addressed before target prices are raised is what exactly is supposed to be accomplished by commodity programs. Does a lack of payments to wheat and soybean farmers (and corn farmers in the future) somehow mean that farm programs are failing? Or does it mean that wheat and soybean farmers do not need public support because market prices are high enough?
Using payment flow to farmers regardless of market conditions as a metric of success of farm programs is consistent with what we know about the long-term impacts of farm programs discussed earlier--higher land prices, wealthier landowners, and easier transition of farmers out of agriculture. That is, if all farm programs are supposed to accomplish is to make land prices higher than what market returns would otherwise dictate, then an increase in target prices to assure continued payments would be justified.
Rarely if ever do we hear anyone argue that increased land prices are the goal of commodity programs. Rather, we most commonly hear leaders talk about the need for a secure farm safety net to help farmers withstand unexpected financial stress. The biggest source of financial stress to wheat and soybean producers since passage of the 2002 farm bill has been low yields caused by multi-year drought, not low prices. And legislators from wheat country have been the strongest advocates of a new disaster assistance program.
The growing support for yet another disaster assistance program is evidence that Congress has failed to make subsidized crop insurance the centerpiece of a farm safety net. Despite billions of dollars in premium subsidies, billions of dollars subsidizing agent commissions, and billions of dollars subsidizing the risk-taking of crop insurance companies, Congress seems poised to spend billions more on some sort of disaster package.
The third alternative approach that Congress could take with the 2007 farm bill is to change farm programs to eliminate any holes in the farm safety net. There are three such holes that could be filled: uninsured acreage, the large crop insurance deductible, and the impact of multi-year losses on crop insurance guarantees.
Uninsured acreage could be remedied by simply extending insurance protection to all who desire it by making it part of the farm bill. High deductibles are necessary in a crop insurance program because they discourage cheating. However, the most popular crop insurance program among Illinois corn producers in 2006, Group Risk Income Protection (GRIP), has low deductibles because it insures county revenue rather than farm revenue. Also, because GRIP bases its guarantee levels on long-term trend yields, two or three consecutive years of low yields in a county have no impact on a farmer's guarantees.
A farm policy that simply gave a GRIP-style policy to producers would thus provide the basis for a sound safety net that would eliminate any economic justification for disaster assistance programs. The cost of giving GRIP to producers would be relatively modest compared to running GRIP through the crop insurance program. On a per-acre basis, taxpayers currently support GRIP in the crop insurance program with subsidies to premiums, delivery costs, and reinsurance costs at such a level that farmers could be given a GRIP-based policy at the 94 percent coverage level in the farm bill at an equivalent cost. If this were done, then the one remaining safety net hole would be variations in farm yield not reflected in county yields, also called yield basis risk. This remaining risk could be largely covered by new crop insurance products offered by crop insurance companies.
A growing number of groups, including the American Farmland Trust and the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, advocate reform of farm policy around some sort of revenue insurance program. Somewhat surprisingly, the National Corn Growers Association is also considering supporting this kind of reform. The groups' proposals vary, but they all have in common the idea that commodity programs should be designed to deliver a sound financial safety net for farmers and that rural America would be better served by greater emphasis on the other titles in the next farm bill. ?


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I'm happily living in Fantasy Land right now… I'm in full garden-bliss at the moment. Winter's not coming this year, y'all. It's gonna be fresh veggies 24/7, a happy green garden, and a thriving herb garden year round. Yeah right. Reality check– winter will be here before I know it. And yes, my happy green […] The post How to Preserve Fresh Herbs in Olive Oil appeared first on The Prairie Homestead.


text:
Scorpions premiere We Built This House lyric video
The Scorpions are premiering a lyric video for "We Built This House", the lead single from their latest album, "Return To Forever."
The German rockers will release an expanded edition of the project in North America on September 11 that will feature seven bonus tracks including two exclusives: "Crazy Ride" and "One And One Is Three."
The updated version will be issued in sync with the start of the Scorpions North American dates as part of their 50th anniversary tour, which opens in Boston on September 10.
"We have been overwhelmed with the amazing response to our new album across the globe and can't wait to finally release Return To Forever in North America," says singer Klaus Meine. "We have always had such a special connection with our incredible fans and are so excited to get them the new album and return to play live this fall."
In November, the Scorpions will release expanded reissues of 1977's "Taken By Force" and 1978's "Tokyo Tapes."
Both projects will feature many previously unreleased tracks, including demo versions of some songs dating back to 1977.
Scorpions to reissue pair of 1970s albums with unreleased tracks
Scorpions to release expanded edition of Return To Forever in North America
Scorpions welcome drummer's return following rehab
Scorpions announce North American tour
Search The Scorpions at hennemusic
Labels: The Scorpions


HomeNew CarsFordFord Figo 2015-2019Ford Figo 2015-2019 ReviewsPlz ford change its tail lamps design.
Plz ford change its tail lamps design.
It would be 5 star from my side for this awesome hatch but giving 4 bcoz its tail lamps design is pathetic,plz ford change its tail lamp design and make it a perfect car.


text:
Final revised paper (published on 22 Dec 2021)
Supplement to the final revised paper
Preprint (discussion started on 08 Mar 2021)
Supplement to the preprint
CC1: 'Comment on esd-2021-8', Rasmus Benestad, 25 Mar 2021
Evin et al. present an impressive and extensive study involving the ANOVA method and data augmentation to estimate balanced mean change with an approach called 'QUALYPSO' and to distinguish between sources of uncertainties: RCPs, GCMs, RCMs and internal variability. This is a contribution to progress in terms of understanding downscaled model projections and the use of ensembles.
I nevertheless have some suggestions concerning the background and introduction to this study. My impression is that there are many papers presenting RCM results that ignore related work done through empirical-statistical downscaling (ESD). I think that acknowledging such work in many cases would strengthen them. Here for instance, the statement "the largest MME of regional climate projections ever produced" is not quite correct since ESD efforts for a while have produced larger Multiscenarios Multimodel Ensembles (MME). For instance, a total of 254 downscaled simulations, each for 200 years, provided a basis for new ways to present large ensembles in Benestad et al. (2017; DOI: 10.1016/j.cliser.2017.06.013).
I would also argue that any effort to provide a robust estimate of total uncertainty in connection with downscaling should involve both RCMs as well as ESD, because these two approaches have different strengths and weaknesses independent of each other. They draw on different sources of information. For instance RCMs may be biased because of inconsistencies with the driving global climate model (GCM or ESM - here I use GCM referring to both). E.g. using different parameterisation schemes than the driving GCM, or there may be differences in outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) at the top of the atmosphere because the RCMs produce different rain/cloud climate to the driving GCM. Furthermore, both RCMs and ESD rely on the link between large and small scales being stationary, but in different ways: ESD in terms of the calibration of historical predictors and predictands; RCMs in terms of their parameterization schemes that provide a large-scale aggregation of unresolved small-scale processes.
A comment on "the Arctic warming amplification and to the regional snow-albedo positive feedback" is that the Arctic amplification is even more pronounced at the high latitudes, during winter, when there is no sunlight (during the polar nights). It's not so obvious that this is due to an albedo effect because it's dark (and there is also often a cloud-cover present).
It's a bit surprising that the internal variability converges to zero at 2100 as it seems like in Figure 2 - column 5 when the total temperature change only is a few degrees C (especially for northern Europe). I suggest checking the calculations. Also see Deser et al. (2012; DOI: 10.1038/nclimate1562).
GCM uncertainty over sea may be a result of incorrect sea-ice cover since the temperature shoots up in the air where it retreats, as mentioned in the discussion. This has been interpreted as a known shortcoming in the past, and it's a bit surprising if the models with sea-ice in this region also are considered among the most trustable CMIP5 GCMs concerning the wintertime sea-ice cover. I suggest checking this.
Uncertainties should probably not exclude the possibility of tipping points. In this case, it could be a reversal of the thermohaline circulation.
One suggestion: when it comes to precipitation, two key parameters are also the wet-day mean precipitation and the wet-day frequency. They are useful because they provide more actionable information than just the seasonal totals (their product with the number of days is the total precipitation amount).
Another suggestion is that methods from ESD can be used to study the connections between features provided by the driving GCM and the response simulated by nested RCMs. For instance, ESD calibrated with one GCM-RCM pair may be applied to a different GCM to compare with its RCM. This is a bit like 'hybrid downscaling'.
Finally, ESD can be regarded as a way to test the uncertainties connected with GCMs and decadal variability, and results by Mezghani et al (2019; DOI: 10.1175/JAMC-D-18-0179.1) may seem to suggest that internal variability plays a bigger role on a regional scale than the GCM (is didn't use 30-year smoothing, however). These results also highlight the limitation posed by 'the law of small numbers'. One nice aspect of ESD is that it can incorporate a quality evaluation of GCMs.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-2021-8-CC1
AC1: 'Reply on CC1', Guillaume Evin, 16 Jul 2021
The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://esd.copernicus.org/preprints/esd-2021-8/esd-2021-8-AC1-supplement.pdf
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-2021-8-AC1
RC1: 'Comment on esd-2021-8', Anonymous Referee #1, 28 May 2021
This is a comprehensive dynamical downscaling study of regional climate change in Europe. They applied a statistical approach called QUALYPSO to a very large ensemble of regional climate model simulations to partition uncertainties due to internal variability, model, scenario, etc.. But the method to partition uncertainty has limitations (Hawkins and Sutton 2009), uncertainty here only means ensemble spread and it has nothing to do with errors. No observational constraints are taken into consideration. It's unclear whether the GCMs can represent internal decadal variability and its regional climate impacts reasonably well. Although the uncertainty partitioning method has been quite popular in literature, it will be helpful to add some discussions on this method. Particularly, if the uncertainty here has nothing to do with error, how should we use the results to help provide robust estimates of future regional climate change.
In addition, the study finds relatively small contribution from internal variability, this conclusion seems to contradict with many studies that emphasize the importance to run large initial-value ensembles. It would be useful to discuss whether this is caused by the analysis method here (e.g. whether this method tends to produce narrow internal variability uncertainty).
It will also be helpful to provide more introduction and discussions of QUALYPSO so that readers can understand how this method can provide a balanced estimate without reading the reference paper and the codes.
Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-2021-8-RC1
AC2: 'Reply on RC1', Guillaume Evin, 16 Jul 2021
RC2: 'Comment on esd-2021-8', Anonymous Referee #2, 04 Jun 2021
The submitted paper holds a thorough analysis of seasonal mean changes in European temperature and precipitation for the mid-century and end-of-century. It utilises the CMIP5-based EUROCORDEX multi-model GCM-RCM experiments, and a specific method to estimate the so-called 'balanced' climate change response and 'balanced' uncertainty. This uncertainty is then attributed to GCM, RCM, RCP (or interactions between those, or internal variability.
This is an important exercise, and hence I am of the opinion that the paper contributes usefully to the existing scientific literature. I recommend acceptance of this manuscript for publication, though would recommend major revisions to the text before doing so. I will try to explain my discomfort with the text in its current form below.
As noted, the results of the study are important, and go beyond existing work and published analyses of EUROCORDEX as far as I know. However, given the conclusions and the recommendations made there, I would like to see much more comparisons between the QUALYPSO method and the 'normal' approach. This to inform the reader of the gains made and the errors that could otherwise be introduced. I also wonder if a sensitivity analysis, e.g. by splitting the ensemble in two smaller ensembles, computing two times the balanced response and the normal response, and showing (rather than telling and trusting) that this is indeed a robust method.
In its present form, the paper does not excite the reader, or invite thorough reading. The method section is confusing, and does not offer a clear explanation of QUALYPSO to the reader. I suggest a more understandable and intuitive explanation is added, maybe with some drawn schematics that show how differences between model runs would be quantified in the balanced outcomes and uncertainty quantifications. The results sections feel like a dump of many figures and tables, with lots of text that tell us what can be seen in the figures. It would be more useful to explain sources of differences (e.g. climate sensitivity of GCMs is only noted once in line 332!).
The final paragraph of the manuscript is the strongest paragraph of the text by far. I don't think these conclusions currently follow from your written text, but can see how they would relate. Rewriting parts of the manuscript, and adding comparisons/sensitivity experiments I believe would allow these conclusions to be made, and indeed would then form a very welcome addition to the literature.
More detailed questions:
Section 5 - The balanced mean response is very clear, in line with previous analyses/IPCC and well explained. The explanation of scenario-excluded uncertainty however is rather vague. This also goes back to my questions on the methodology, is this uncertainty equal for each scenario? By design of the method, or also in reality? I would have expected differences in, for example, the influence of internal variability and model-interactions between RCPs.
In figures 2-5 I find myself mostly looking at the last column. This is where you split and attribute the uncertainty to the different factors. I wonder if having, for all these figures, all other panels are worth adding. I suggest the authors carefully consider this (I'm not advising any direction, just encouraging thinking this through), fewer panels would allow them to be bigger and make them easier to read and interpret.
Fig 2: can you remove the black lines around the colour shading? It prevents us from seeing the colours of narrow shading/small contributors.
Fig S1a - modify the colour scale so it shows some information please.
CC2: 'Reply on RC2', Richard Rosen, 06 Jun 2021
The context for articles like this one is that the IPCC reports (and many other reports and journal articles) claim that certain climate parameters have a fairly precise probability of occuring or being exceeded by X%. For example, the IPCC WGI reports make statements like the probability of a certain scenario exceeding a 2.0 degree C global temperature increase by 2100 is 66% or greater. But as acklowedged in the comments to this article, this precentage does NOT represent a real-world chance of occurring as the text usually makes it seem, but it merely represents where a given result resides with respect to a range of model results. Thus, such a percentage like 66% implicitly says more about the range of model structures and input assumptions, than it says something truthful about the real world's climate. However, most readers of these reports and most policy makers do not understand this key point.
The problem I find with this article is that this basic conceptual difference is not clearly spelled out and is not clearly incorporated into the analysis at each relevant point. But it must keep reminding the reader when the uncertainties being discussed apply to the real world physical processes of climate change, or to the models individually, or to the range of model results collectively. Similarly, the uncertainties associated with each of these three levels must be clearly distinguished throughout the text. Yet, this will be very difficult to accomplish properly, and it is almost never accomplished in similar articles in the literature, whether dealing with regional or global models. Conceptually, it does not matter what the scope of the model is. But, in general, uncertainties usually increase in percentage terms when smaller areas of the earth's surface are modeled in comparison to when global models are run. This fact is due to flucuating and difficult to model weather patterns at the regional level.
As far as I know, the "bottom line" of attempts like this article at uncertainty analysis is that it is fairly hopeless to succeed at results that have much physical meaning or policy making value. Consider the results for global climate sensitivity. Roughly the results for many years have been 3.0 degrees C plus or minus 1.5 degrees C. This range is primarily due just to the differences in model results within an ensemble, without consideration of the other two kinds of uncertainty noted above. But even considering this one kind of uncertainty, the size of the uncertainty band is comparable to the size of the effect being forecast, i.e. an uncertainty range of 3.0 degrees C for a likely effect of 3.0 degrees C. Thus consideration of the other two kinds of uncertainty will only increase the total range of uncertainty relative to the median projection of about 3.0 degrees C. So what is the point of trying to perform a total uncertainty analysis on a firm scientific basis. I suggest that the result is basically unknowable. Of course, if we just look at the history of global climate change from about 1978 to today (2021) we find a fairly steady increase at about 0.15-0.20 degrees C per decade in actual fact, which will give policy makers a far more likely range of uncertainty in global climate change if projected linearly for at least the next few decades (at least to 2050), which is the most important time period if climate change is going to be effectively mitigated. The results of a more sophisticated and comprehensive uncertainty analysis taking all three conceptual levels of uncertainty into account is not likely to be more useful for policy makers (or anyone else) at this point in time.
Thus, I do not believe that this paper rises to the level of useful publishable material unless the ensemble model results can be connected to the real history of the world in a way that reduces the uncertainty range and does not increase it. But I think this is impossible given the complex system involved.
We partly agree with these comments by Richard Rosen. Indeed model-based articles such as our own study are dedicated to the analysis of model ensemble results and not directly to the real future world. This is the case for all model results in science as models are built to be a simplified version (approximation) of the real world whatever the scientific domain. Therefore simulations of the future made with those models are not deterministic forecasts of the real world but projections or scenarios that can under some conditions inform decisions (but not always). In particular, we agree that the question of model simulations being representative or not or partly representative of the real world or representative at certain spatial and temporal scales is indeed very relevant.
To our knowledge, IPCC report statements (or other expert-judgment based reports) are of a different kind. Indeed, the statements and uncertainty quantification of those reports are based on expert judgments, including model ensemble results as only part of the input information to establish the judgment. So we prefer to clearly distinguish between model-based studies such as our article and climate expert reports.
This said, we agree that, in our study, given uncertainty ranges inform about the model structure and modelling assumption. If the models used are well designed and built (this is what we trust) and if the RCP scenarios are representative of the future GHG trajectory, then we can hope that the derived climate change values and associated uncertainty range are informative about plausible future climates.
Concerning the last point "However, most readers of these reports and most policy makers do not understand this key point.": it is difficult to say as we are not specialists of social sciences but we agree that explaining the meaning of model-based climate change scenarios to potential users of the information (incl. policy makers) needs more effort from the whole climate community. Note however that this study, published here in a specialized journal, is mostly at the destination of the climate modellers community and expert climate model users community and not the policy makers.
However, we agree that it should be made clear in the paper that the estimated mean climate change response and associated uncertainties cannot be considered as predictions of the future climate properties (see also our response to comment RC1#4). Modifications will be made to the manuscript in that direction.
Peer review completion
ED: Reconsider after major revisions (16 Jul 2021) by Andrey Gritsun
I think that suggested changes are adequate and will improve the paper considerebly so it will pass second round of the review process.
AR by Guillaume Evin on behalf of the Authors (20 Sep 2021) Author's response Author's tracked changes Manuscript
ED: Referee Nomination & Report Request started (12 Oct 2021) by Andrey Gritsun
RR by Anonymous Referee #2 (21 Oct 2021)
The authors have responded to mine and the other reviewer's/commenter's points and modified the manuscript accordingly. The method section now includes a description of the main method applied, QUALIPSO, which helps the reader understand and interpret the results. I recommend the revised manuscript for publication.
ED: Publish as is (18 Nov 2021) by Andrey Gritsun
You made all the changes requested by the reviewers as well as answered all the questions raised during interactive discussion. So I am happy to accept the paper without any further changes.
Andrey Gritsun


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Discussion in 'Introductions' started by aran, Oct 18, 2006.
in this business affiliate as honest I'm still newbie and hope with to join with this forum my knowledge can increase especially support from senior2 in this forum..and also can share of experience..
Welcome to 5 Star, Aran.
5 Star can help you to increase your knowledge. There are many very smart and very friendly members who are willing to help. All you need to do is ask questions.
You might also want to read some of what has already been posted. 5 Star is full of very useful information.
Welcome to the forum, you've found a great site to gain valuable advice from honest, friendly affiliates As Larwee mentioned, reading through old posts is a great starting point.


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Robert D. Fowler Family YMCA Celebrates 25th Anniversary with Weeklong Activities and Events
The Robert D. Fowler Family YMCA today announced it will celebrate its 25th anniversary the week of Jan. 24 with daily events and activities for members and staff to honor the branch's impact on the community.
To commemorate its silver anniversary, the Fowler Family Y will host daily events including multiple birthday bashes in its lobby on Monday and a prayer breakfast at its John Manning Playground on Tuesday. Additionally, the Y will play late 90's music during group exercise classes on Wednesday and hold an evening prayer on Thursday at the John Manning Playground. Finally, the Y will host an event honoring the Robert D. Fowler Family Y on Friday with Mike Mason, mayor of Peachtree Corners and Lauren Koontz, president and CEO of the YMCA of Metro Atlanta.
"It is a privilege to serve as an anchor community institution and help families connect and grow," said Katie Furlough, executive director of Robert D. Fowler Family YMCA. "Over the past 25 years, we have been able to provide youth sports, afterschool care, summer camps and much more to Peachtree Corners residents. We look forward to positively impacting our community for years to come."
The Robert D. Fowler Family Y has been an instrumental organization in the community and has created various impactful activities and events in its history, including contributing to the creation of the Light Up the Corners race. Additionally, the branch is the first YMCA in metro Atlanta to introduce group cycle classes. The organization's most recent effort included the opening of the John Manning Playground to honor a dedicated YMCA volunteer. The Y sought volunteers, members, and businesses to support construction and help raise funds to honor the beloved Peachtree Corners citizen. Among the many contributors, was Manning's granddaughter, Caroline, who created a summer acting camp to help raise proceeds for the playground.
"We're excited to celebrate this milestone and the Robert D. Fowler Y's impact on the Peachtree Corners community," said Lauren Koontz, president and CEO of the YMCA of Metro Atlanta.
To learn more about the YMCA of Metro Atlanta, please visit https://ymcaatlanta.org/.
Robert D. Fowler Family YMCA Breaks Ground on John Manning Playground
YMCA of Metro Atlanta Waives Joining Fees for New Members in February
Joe Sawyer: A purpose filled life
City Council Elects Mayor Pro Tem
Improving traffic tops priority for city leaders