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Abstract Introduction Cervical Cancer Inequity Causes of Inequity Ethical Values Prevention Conclusion Article Information References:
How Should Cervical Cancer Prevention Be Improved in LMICs?
1. Explain a new or unfamiliar viewpoint on a topic of ethical or professional conduct
2. Evaluate the usefulness of this information for his or her practice, teaching, or conduct
3. Decide whether and when to apply the new information to his or her practice, teaching, or conduct
1 Credit CME
AMA Journal of Ethics
Renewed on: January 24, 2023
Article Course
Activity Information and Disclosures
Weyinshet Gossa, MD, MPHa;
Michael D. Fetters, MD, MPH, MAb
aAn assistant professor in the Department of Family Medicine at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU) in Bethesda, Maryland. She is the co-director of the Global Health Distance Learning Program and the faculty advisor for the Global Health Student Interest Group at USU
bA professor in the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, where he also serves as director of the Japanese Family Health Program. He was a Fulbright Distinguished Chair in the Social Sciences at the Peking University Health Science Center in Beijing from 2016 through 2017 and has been an adjunct faculty member at Peking University since 2018. He is a co-founder and co-director of the University of Michigan Mixed Methods Research and Scholarship Program and a co-editor of the Journal of Mixed Methods Research
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Cervical cancer has become rare in high-income countries but is a leading cause of mortality among women in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This inequity is due to economic, social, and cultural factors and should be seen as an epidemiological tragedy. This article examines ethical considerations that should compel policymakers and international donors to prioritize cervical cancer prevention in LMICs.
In this article, we offer an ethical argument to support policies that prioritize cervical cancer prevention in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We first examine the inequity between high-income countries (HICs) and LMICs in the burden of cervical cancer and highlight cultural factors impeding effective cervical cancer prevention. We then consider how the ethical values of beneficence, nonmaleficence, social justice, and gender equity can be drawn upon to compel policymakers and international donors to prioritize cervical cancer prevention in LMICs. Finally, we review extant literature on cervical cancer prevention in LMICs.
Cervical Cancer Inequity
Inequity between HICs and LMICs in cervical cancer burden. Quiz Ref IDCervical cancer is among the top five most common cancers and a major cause of mortality among women in LMICs1- 5; more than 85% of the cervical cancer global disease burden occurs in LMICs.6 An estimated 569 847 new cases of cervical cancer and 311 365 cervical cancer-related deaths occurred globally in 2018, with most occurring in LMICs.7 In particular, cervical cancer mortality is highest in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Asia.7 Age-standardized incidence and mortality rates (ASRs) were highest in Southern, Eastern, and Western Africa and Melanesia and lowest in Western Europe, North America, Australia and New Zealand, and Western Asia (see Figure).7 While cervical cancer ASRs are lower overall in HICs, there is international variation5 by race, ethnicity, and region. For example, in the United States, the highest cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates occur among black women and in the South.8 This variation is attributable primarily to socioeconomic status, although cultural factors are also influential.8 Within Europe, cervical cancer incidence is highest in Eastern Europe, largely due to the lack of uniformly implemented population-based screening and vaccination programs across the region.9,10
Figure.
Age Standardized (World) Incidence Rates, Cervix Uteri, All Ages
Reprinted with the permission of the World Health Organization.7
Failure to prevent cervical cancer in LMICs. Cervical cancer rates are high in LMICs despite cervical cancer being preventable and prevention methods, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination and cervical cancer screening, being highly cost effective.11,12 In 2012, HPV vaccination would have cost $0.23 per capita in low-income countries and $0.40 per capita in upper-middle-income countries, and screening and treatment of precancerous lesions and early cervical cancer would have cost $0.26 per capita in low-income countries and $0.87 per capita in upper-middle income countries.13 GAVI, the Vaccine Alliance provides support for HPV vaccinations in LMICs and has negotiated vaccine delivery pricing since 2013—lowering it from over $100 per dose to $4.50-4.60 per dose—although cost is still a barrier to implementing national HPV vaccination programs in LMICs.14
Causes of Inequity
Differences in incidence and mortality rates are due to economic, social, and cultural factors.
Economic factors. There is limited availability and implementation of effective prevention programs in LMICs.2- 5 Many screening programs in LMICs are pilot programs. Only a few countries—most of them HICs—have scaled up to national programs with at least 70% coverage.15,16HPV vaccination coverage is also low in LMICs, as only 14% of LMICs had national HPV vaccine programs in 2016 compared to 55% of HICs.14
More generally, there is limited funding for cervical cancer prevention in LMICs. In 2016, low-income countries accounted for 9.6% of the global population but only 0.4% of total global health spending, and lower-middle income countries accounted for 39.3% of the global population but only 3% of health spending.17 By contrast, HICs accounted for 16.6% of the global population and 81% of global health spending.17 Development assistance for health (DAH), while less than 1% of total global health spending, accounted for 25.4% of health spending in low-income countries in 2018.17 While reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health received 32.1% of DAH, only 2% of DAH was allocated to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), including cancers, which account for 62.1% of the global disease burden.17 Both maternal health and cervical cancer are women's health issues, but cervical cancer receives less attention and financial support.
Social and cultural factors.Quiz Ref IDResource scarcity is the main reason for limited cervical cancer prevention capacity in LMICs, but social and cultural factors also influence utilization of available preventive services. In particular, utilization is undermined by lack of knowledge about cervical cancer and preventive services, limited accessibility, stigma associated with acquiring disease via sexually transmitted infection, and cultural and religious beliefs.18 Low HPV vaccine uptake in LMICs is in part due to concerns about the vaccine's safety, effectiveness, and benefits. Attempts to use informed consent processes as opportunities to respond to these concerns have not eliminated some people's suspicion that informed consent processes are ploys to absolve vaccine givers from responsibility for harm.19 Vaccine hesitancy, however, is not unique to LMICs and has become a global phenomenon,20 probably best addressed by engaging and partnering with local community members.
Colonial legacy. Most low-income countries are located in Africa, where cervical cancer rates are the highest7 and health, economic, and social inequities persist. Colonialism led to economic degradation, sociopolitical instability, cultural shifts away from traditional practices, decreased social cohesion, and high disease burden.21 This historical context must be considered in the drive to resolve the ethical and policy issues impeding cervical cancer prevention.
Beneficence and nonmaleficence. Quiz Ref IDKinsinger defines beneficence as "an act of charity, mercy, and kindness with a strong connotation of doing good to others including moral obligation."22 Beneficence goes hand-in-hand with nonmaleficence ("do no harm"); these 2 principles require health care provision that produces more benefit than harm.23 In the context of cervical cancer, prevention is the morally right thing to do to avert unnecessary morbidity and mortality.24 The 1978 World Health Organization (WHO) Alma-Ata Declaration established that health is a "fundamental human right."25 Women in LMICs have a right to health regardless of their locality, and the WHO's goal for health care to ensure the well-being of all individuals25 must hold true for women in LMICs.
Social justice. Social justice applied to health typically involves fair distribution of resources, which requires population-based considerations of competing demands.23 Cervical cancer in LMICs usually presents at an advanced stage due to lack of prevention, and this, along with lack of adequate treatment, leads to higher costs and ultimately higher mortality.1Quiz Ref IDTreatment for cervical cancer requires trained health professionals to administer surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy as well as infrastructure, equipment, diagnostic capability, and adequate medication supply.13 Costs of these resources make availability of treatment for cervical cancer in LMICs inadequate; hence, prevention is critical. A social justice perspective, then, suggests that international donors should adequately fund and prioritize prevention. Resource allocation for prevention has led to significant decrease in cervical cancer incidence in HICs,5 and similar outcomes can be achieved in LMICs.
Gender equity. Gender equity demands fair treatment of women and men based on their needs, preferences, and interests.26Quiz Ref IDGender inequity is at the core of global cervical cancer inequity. Worldwide, women experience inequity in education, employment opportunity, income, and political representation, and gender gaps in these areas are widest in developing nations.27 Gender equity has not been achieved even in HICs, such as the United States. However, women in LMICs have even less access to education and lower income than women in HICs and, as a result, have less opportunity to access preventive services. Lack of knowledge about cervical cancer and low socioeconomic status have been associated with lower rates of cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination in LMICs.17 In addition, cervical cancer is stigmatized in LMICs due to its anatomic site, grim prognosis, and being caused by sexually transmitted infection (via socially condemned behavior).17
The WHO serves as a critical beacon for guiding cervical cancer prevention in LMICs, recommending HPV vaccination for girls ages 9 to 13 years and cervical cancer screening for women ages 30 to 49 years at least once using HPV testing, cytology, or visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), depending on availability.28 While support from GAVI is allowing more LMICs to introduce national HPV vaccine programs, this support is expected to end in 2020.14 Lower vaccine prices, more international funding support, and expanded vaccine programs are needed to augment screening in LMICs.
Among screening methods used in LMICs, VIA and HPV testing are deemed more effective and less costly than cytology.11 However, that cytology is still regarded as the gold standard for cervical cancer screening in HICs suggests the importance of questioning the fairness of administering suboptimal screening to women in LMICs due to resource scarcity. We advocate using the most effective screening methods that are available, feasible, and culturally acceptable in LMICs. In particular, VIA and HPV testing are appropriate in the absence of other more effective screening methods. Over the long-term, however, we advocate for investment in and development of effective, less costly, and easy-to-use methods that are culturally acceptable. Commitment and political will are needed to expand prevention efforts from pilot and demonstration projects to national programs.
In summary, cervical cancer prevention in LMICs is due not just to resource scarcity but to pervasive inequity. Arguments based on beneficence, nonmaleficence, social justice, and gender equity all strongly support the imperative to improve the availability of and access to cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccination in LMICs. Although there are limits to how well these Western values can be applied internationally, we suggest that they be used to illuminate ethically and clinically relevant features of historical legacies of colonialism and to remind stakeholders that solutions should not be imposed by the West. Rather, the West is obliged to collaborate with LMICs to prevent cervical cancer deaths.
Resource allocation for cervical cancer prevention should be a policy priority for national and international leaders to promote gender and health equity in LMICs.
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The AMA Journal of Ethics exists to help medical students, physicians and all health care professionals navigate ethical decisions in service to patients and society. The journal publishes cases and expert commentary, medical education articles, policy discussions, peer-reviewed articles for journal-based, video CME, audio CME, visuals, and more. Learn more
Cervical Cancer Global Health Oncology Gynecologic Cancer Ethics Gynecology Women's Health Obstetrics and Gynecology
AMA J Ethics. 2020;22(2):E126-134.
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Credit Designation Statement: The American Medical Association designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Weyinshet Gossa, MD, MPH is an assistant professor in the Department of Family Medicine at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USU) in Bethesda, Maryland. Her primary areas of interest include global health and women's health, particularly cervical cancer prevention. She is the co-director of the Global Health Distance Learning Program and the faculty advisor for the Global Health Student Interest Group at USU; Michael D. Fetters, MD, MPH, MA is a professor in the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Michigan Medical School in Ann Arbor, where he also serves as director of the Japanese Family Health Program. He was a Fulbright Distinguished Chair in the Social Sciences at the Peking University Health Science Center in Beijing from 2016 through 2017 and has been an adjunct faculty member at Peking University since 2018. He is a co-founder and co-director of the University of Michigan Mixed Methods Research and Scholarship Program and a co-editor of the Journal of Mixed Methods Research.
Disclosure Statement: Unless noted, all individuals in control of content reported no relevant financial relationships.
ABP MOC Statement: Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the activity and individual assessment of and feedback to the learner, enables the learner to earn up to 1.0 MOC points in the American Board of Pediatrics' (ABP) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program. It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit learner completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting ABP MOC credit.
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ABONHS MOC Statement: Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to meet the expectations of the American Board of Otolaryngology's Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program. It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit participant completion information to ACCME for the purpose of recognizing participation.
Small W Jr, Bacon MA, Bajaj A, et al. Cervical cancer: a global health crisis. Cancer. 2017;123(13):2404–2412.Google ScholarCrossref
Fidler MM, Soerjomataram I, Bray F. A global view on cancer incidence and national levels of the Human Development Index. Int J Cancer. 2016;139(11):2436–2446.Google ScholarCrossref
Varghese C, Carlos MC, Shin HR. Cancer burden and control in the Western Pacific region: challenges and opportunities. Ann Glob Health. 2014;80(5):358–369.Google ScholarCrossref
Shrestha AD, Neupane D, Vedsted P, Kallestrup P. Cervical cancer prevalence, incidence and mortality in low and middle income countries: a systematic review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2018;19(2):319–324.Google Scholar
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Vaccarella S, Laversanne M, Ferlay J, Bray F. Cervical cancer in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean and Asia: regional inequalities and changing trends. Int J Cancer. 2017;141(10):1997–2001.Google ScholarCrossref
International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization. Cancer fact sheets: cervix uteri. http://gco.iarc.fr/today/data/factsheets/cancers/23-Cervix-uteri-fact-sheet.pdf. Published March 2019. Accessed April 10, 2019.
Yoo W, Kim S, Huh WK, et al. Recent trends in racial and regional disparities in cervical cancer incidence and mortality in United States. PLoS One. 2017;12(2):e0172548.Google ScholarCrossref
Kesic V, Poljak M, Rogovskaya S. Cervical Cancer Burden and Prevention Activities in Europe. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2012;21(9):1423–1433.Google ScholarCrossref
Altobelli E, Lattanzi A. Cervical carcinoma in the European Union: an update on disease burden, screening program state of activation, and coverage as of March 2014. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2015;25(3):474–483.Google ScholarCrossref
Mezei AK, Armstrong HL, Pedersen HN, et al. Cost-effectiveness of cervical cancer screening methods in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. Int J Cancer. 2017;141(3):437–446.Google ScholarCrossref
Jit M, Brisson M, Portnoy A, Hutubessy R. Cost-effectiveness of female human papillomavirus vaccination in 179 countries: a PRIME modelling study. Lancet Glob Health. 2014;2(7):e406–e414.Google ScholarCrossref
Gelband H, Sankaranarayanan R, Gauvreau CL, et al. Costs, affordability, and feasibility of an essential package of cancer control interventions in low-income and middle-income countries: key messages from Disease Control Priorities, 3rd edition. Lancet. 2016;387(10033):2133–2144.Google ScholarCrossref
Gallagher KE, LaMontagne DS, Watson-Jones D. Status of HPV vaccine introduction and barriers to country uptake. Vaccine. 2018;36(32)(pt A):4761–4767.Google ScholarCrossref
Holme F, Kapambwe S, Nessa A, Basu P, Murillo R, Jeronimo J. Scaling up proven innovative cervical cancer screening strategies: challenges and opportunities in implementation at the population level in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2017;138(suppl 1):63–68.Google Scholar
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Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Financing Global Health 2018: Countries and Programs in Transition. Seattle, WA: Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation; 2019. http://www.healthdata.org/sites/default/files/files/policy_report/FGH/2019/FGH_2018_full-report.pdf. Accessed September 28, 2019.
Chidyaonga-Maseko F, Chirwa ML, Muula AS. Underutilization of cervical cancer prevention services in low and middle income countries: a review of contributing factors. Pan Afr Med J. 2015;21:231.Google ScholarCrossref
Kabakama S, Gallagher KE, Howard N, et al. Social mobilisation, consent and acceptability: a review of human papillomavirus vaccination procedures in low and middle-income countries. BMC Public Health. 2016;16(1):834.Google ScholarCrossref
Lane S, MacDonald NE, Marti M, Dumolard L. Vaccine hesitancy around the globe: analysis of three years of WHO/UNICEF Joint Reporting Form data-2015-2017. Vaccine. 2018;36(26):3861–3867.Google ScholarCrossref
BBC World Service. The story of Africa: African history from the dawn of time. http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/index.shtml. Accessed August 15, 2019.
Kinsinger FS. Beneficence and the professional's moral imperative. J Chiropr Humanit. 2009;16(1):44–46.Google ScholarCrossref
Manda-Taylor L, Mndolo S, Baker T. Critical care in Malawi: the ethics of beneficence and justice. Malawi Med J. 2017;29(3):268–271.Google ScholarCrossref
Anderson FWJ, Johnson TRB, de Vries R. Global health ethics: the case of maternal and neonatal survival. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2017;43:125–135.Google ScholarCrossref
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World Health Organization. Gender, equity and human rights: glossary of terms and tools. https://www.who.int/gender-equity-rights/knowledge/glossary/en/. Accessed May 29, 2019.
United Nations Development Programme. Human Development Indices and Indicators: 2018 Statistical Update. New York, NY: United Nations Development Programme; 2018. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2018_human_development_statistical_update.pdf. Accessed December 12, 2019.
World Health Organization. Human papillomavirus. https://www.who.int/immunization/monitoring_surveillance/burden/vpd/WHO_SurveillanceVaccinePreventable_08_HPV_R2.pdf?ua=1. Published September 5 , 2018. Accessed December 12, 2019.
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Chicago Cubs: Will bench coach Mark Loretta help propel the offense?
CHICAGO - APRIL 23: Mark Loretta #8 of the San Diego Padres plays second base during the game against the Chicago Cubs at Wrigley Field on April 23, 2003 in Chicago, Illinois. The Padres defeated the Cubs 2-0. (Photo by Jonathan Daniel/Getty Images) /
Former big league All-Star Mark Loretta, 47, gets his first shot at a big league coaching job on the heels of a run with the San Diego Padres front office.
On January 2, Mark Loretta was named the Chicago Cubs new bench coach, replacing Brandon Hyde who, this past December, was hired as the new manager of the Baltimore Orioles.
As mentioned in last week's article, Loretta will be Joe Maddon's third bench coach in as many seasons. Dave Martinez left the team after the 2017 season to take the reins as manager of the Washington Nationals and, now, Hyde heads to Baltimore.
In the run-up to Loretta's hiring, literally nobody seemed to consider him a candidate, let alone a front-runner. More folks had their eye on the likes of Mark DeRosa, David Ross or even someone like John Farrell than a front office-type like Loretta.
Loretta has spent the previous nine seasons in the Padres front office as a special assistant to baseball operations but also offers a little past coaching experience, as well. He coached the Israeli national baseball team during the 2013 World Baseball Classic qualifier. The team ultimately fell to Spain in an extra-inning affair, narrowingly missing out on the final spot in the Pool Finals.
The California native played 15 seasons in the Major Leagues primarily for the Milwaukee Brewers and the San Diego Padres, with brief detours in Houston, Boston and Los Angeles.
Looking back at his playing days
Loretta was drafted by the Milwaukee Brewers in the 1993 Draft and made his Major League debut for the team in 1995.
Primarily used as a utility man/spot starter during his tenure with Milwaukee, he got a much-deserved chance as a full-time starter after signing with the San Diego Padres in 2003 where he became one of the league's better on-base/contact second basemen.
His best season came in 2004, when he finished ninth in the National League MVP voting, batting .335 with 16 home runs, 76 RBI and 208 hits in 154 games.
A two-time All-Star (2004, 2006), Loretta retired in 2009 at the age of 37 with a career .295 average and a .360 OBP.
Cubs hoping for some consistency moving forward
The hiring of Loretta by the Cubs acts as the final piece of what has been, once again, a flurry of offseason coaching replacements for the team.
Most recently, the team hired Tommy Hottovy as their new pitching coach, Anthony Iapoce as their new hitting coach and Terrmel Sledge as their new assistant hitting coach. This trio replaces the likes of Andy Haines, Chili Davis and Jim Hickey – all of whom moved on (through either their own choice or the organization's) after last season.
While moves like bringing aboard Hottovy as the pitching coach is an interesting one, hiring Loretta seems like the most logical coaching move this offseason and should benefit the club immensely due to his resume of always being a low-strikeout/high-OBP player during his playing days.
Next. Relief market thinning in a hurry of late. dark
That mentality and ideology is something that the Cubs desperately need, as seen during the team's late 2018 downfall, and should help the club as a whole create more opportunities for getting on base, thus driving in a higher volume of run in 2019.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I am again pleased to sponsor the Lean Agile Scrum Conference in Zurich and to enable a workshop led by important thought leaders in our domain.
Just after the conference, Keynote speakers Mary & Tom Poppendieck will offer their new course in Switzerland, Leading Lean Software Development. Lean Software Development combines two successful approaches to management: "Lean" -- well known for its impact in the manufacturing sector (and familiar to management through their business school training) -- and Agile -- which, especially in the form of Scrum and despite unfamiliar terminology and guiding principles, has become quite widespread in the software sector.
In this management retreat at the idyllic Seminar Hotel Unterhof on the Rhine, leaders will learn why "Results are not the point." Success comes from people, and creating a system so that your people can achieve successful results is the point.
International, virtual teams are more the rule than the exception in Software Development Projects. Customers, Suppliers and Development Partners come together for a project, separate and regroup in a new form for the next project. Further, such projects are often confronted with strict regulatory requirements. These start with requirements for documentation and may include prescriptive definitions of how to develop the software and manage the application.
How can you optimally use an agile approach within this strict legislative context? What makes sense? What problems can you expect?
Ralph Dröge, Senior Consultant at Liance GmbH in Kaiseraugst, will examine these questions based on his project experience.
The Zero WIP Moment: Achieving the Point of Maximum Agility?
Recently, I asked myself, "What does it mean for a company to be agile?" and came to the conclusion that "Agility is the ability to change your mind intelligently, based on new information."
Six Card Solutions belongs to the earlier adopters among Swiss Financial Institutions deploying Scrum. They started rolling out Scrum among their 80 developers in Zurich last Summer (2009). So, how did it go?
Christoph Loher (Product Owner) and Stefan Kinigadner (ScrumMaster) were the leaders of the first team to transition to Scrum at Six's Development Group Zurich. The organization presented to usual challenges one expects when trying to transition one team to a cross-functional Scrum in a company that is organized on function division. Despite this challenge, the team was able to achieve a pretty good Scrum (based on Henrik Kniberg's Scrum Checklist).
Due to the realities of Swiss school holidays (and their indirect impact on the organizers ), we have postponed the submission deadline for the Lean Agile Scrum Conference in Zurich to April 30.
We have already received several good proposals, but still need some more, particularly for the tutorials. In the name of the conference committee, I'd like to encourage to submit talks about your experiences connecting the agile team to create a lean enterprise!
To the CfP in English and German.
Necessity is the mother of invention. Peter Hundermark and I had planned an exchange of experiences. He and I would co-teach a pair of CSM courses, one in Geneva, Switzerland and one in Capetown, South Africa.
Well, the course in Geneva did not really sell, so what's the plan B? Usually customers want in-house training on very short notice, but most Scrum Trainers are booked two or three months in advance.
If you would like Scrum Training in Switzerland, check out our course page. If you would like a in-house course, you can contact me on my contact page.


August was generally positive in terms of macroeconomic data, but there was more of a stir from (geo)political issues. US President Trump's jawboning against a threatening North Korea tempered risk assets during most of the month. Global equities retreated as volatility spiked. However, a late rebound meant they ended the month flattish overall. The US S&P 500 index was unchanged over the month, with information technology and utilities making up for the weakness in the energy, telecommunication services and financial sectors. European equities finished slightly down, with bond proxies such as real estate and utilities outperforming. Emerging markets rallied to finish the month up slightly, largely driven by IT stocks.


Set in one of Bangor's most sought after residential locations, close to the main commuter routes to Belfast by both car and train, this semi detached home would make a great first home or family purchase.
It offers 3 first floor bedrooms, a lounge with feature multi fuel stove, a generous kitchen with dining area, a first floor bathroom and a ground floor cloakroom. Externally there is a detached garage and a separate utility room with basement access for storage. The property benefits from uPVC double glazing and fascias and oil fired central heating. There are gardens to both front and rear laid in lawn with a paved patio, a driveway and mature shrubs.
The property would benefit from some general redecoration and upgrading but boasts an ideal location and a sound basis to start from.
uPVC double glazed door. Wood effect laminate flooring.
Multi-fuel stove. Wood effect laminate flooring. Twin doors to kitchen/dining room. Single panel radiator.
Range of high and low level units in an oak finish. Wood effect laminate flooring. Part tiled walls. Double panelled radiator. Access to rear.
White W.C and wash hand basin. Laminate flooring. Double panelled radiator.
White suite comprising Triton electric shower. Panelled walls and T+G ceiling.
PVC Fascias. Drive to front. Gated front with lawned area and steps to front door. Lawned rear garden with access to garage and utility/basement area. Oil tank is located in rear garden.
Estimated measurements. Boiler location. Plumbed for washing machine. Access to basement area.
From the flyover at Springhill travel towards Bryansburn and turn right into Springhill Avenue.
I am interested in 73 Springhill Avenue, Bangor. Please contact me about this property.


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Besides being a wonderful business printing solution, postcards can be used for other professional organizations like non-profits or associations, as well as personal consumption for event announcements, holiday greetings, family-photo cards, as well as a myriad of other personal use options.
At Print Office, we allow the printing of custom postcards in about nine varying sizes, with a couple finishing, coating, and paper options. Please check on this page for more information on rounded corners, UV or matte coating, or 14 / 16 pt. paper options for your postcard printing needs.
Printoffice.com can print a minimum of 100 postcards up to 100,000 in 2 -3 business day, or a rush order available in 1-2 day timespan.


text:
Q: Java LocalDate How to utilize input list

*

*from date                   ex) 2020-10-01

*to date                     ex) 2020-10-30

*List [day of week]          ex) [sun,mon....]

*List [week]                 ex) [1,4,5]

I would like to know how to get a specific day of the week between the two dates.
Thank.

A:
from date ex) 2020-10-01 to date ex) 2020-10-30

Your input string is already in the ISO8601 format for date and therefore it can be parsed without providing a DateTimeFormatter explicitly. In order to get the output string in a custom format (e.g. yyyy-MM-dd), you need to format the date object using DateTimeFormatter.
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String inputStrDate = "2020-10-01";
        LocalDate date = LocalDate.parse(inputStrDate);

        String outputStrDate = date.format(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd"));
        System.out.println(outputStrDate);
    }
}

Output:
2020-10-01

However, if your input is some other format, you will need to use DateTimeFormatter in order to parse it to a date object.
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // Formatter for input string
        DateTimeFormatter inputFormat = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("dd-MM-yyyy");

        String inputStrDate = "10-01-2020";
        LocalDate date = LocalDate.parse(inputStrDate, inputFormat);

        // Formatter for output string
        DateTimeFormatter outputFormat = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy-MM-dd");

        String outputStrDate = date.format(outputFormat);
        System.out.println(outputStrDate);
    }
}

Output:
2020-10-01

Learn more about date-time API from Trail: Date Time.

A: for(LocalDate d = fromDate; !d.isAfter(toDate); d = d.plusDays(1)) { // 일정 시작 ~ 끝 loop
        for (Integer wf : weekOfMonth) {
            for (Integer df : dayOfWeek) {
                offDay = d.with(fieldWeek, wf)
                        .with(fieldDay, df);

                if (d.getMonth() == offDay.getMonth() && !offDays.contains(offDay)) {
                    offDays.add(offDay);
                }
            }
        }
    }

Sorry for asking the wrong question.
And thank you very much.
I've already made it, but I've studied your code.

A: java.time
I too recommend that you use java.time, the modern Java date and time API, for your date work. My shot is:
    LocalDate fromDate = LocalDate.of(2020, Month.OCTOBER, 1);
    LocalDate toDate = LocalDate.of(2020, Month.OCTOBER, 30);
    List<DayOfWeek> daysOfWeek = List.of(DayOfWeek.SUNDAY, DayOfWeek.MONDAY);
    List<Integer> weeks = List.of(1, 4, 5);

    if (! YearMonth.from(fromDate).equals(YearMonth.from(toDate))) {
        throw new IllegalStateException("Covering more than one month is not yet supported");
    }

    WeekFields wf = WeekFields.SUNDAY_START;
    for (int week : weeks) {
        for (DayOfWeek dow : daysOfWeek) {
            LocalDate date = fromDate.with(wf.weekOfMonth(), week)
                    .with(wf.dayOfWeek(), dow.get(wf.dayOfWeek()));
            // Is date inside interval?
            if (! (date.isBefore(fromDate)  || date.isAfter(toDate))) {
                System.out.println(date);
            }
        }
    }

Output:

2020-10-18
2020-10-19
2020-10-25
2020-10-26

The dates printed are Sunday and Monday of weeks 4 and 5 of October defining weeks in the American way where the week begins on Sunday (since you mentioned Sunday first in your example list) and week 1 is the week of October 1. Sunday and Monday of week 1 are not printed because they fall before October 1, that is, in September.
Consider which week scheme you require. You may use for example WeekFields.ISO or WeekFields.of(Locale.getDefault()).
I am finding the week first, then the day of week, because to me this is the natural way. I need to use the WeekFields object for both adjustments to make sure that the chosen week scheme is respected.
If you need to cover more than one calendar month, iterate over the months and do the same for each. Also check that the result date falls within the month so duplicates near month borders are ignored.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Anil Chandra Punetha, an Indian Administrative Service officer of 1984 batch, has been appointed as the new Chief Secretary of Andhra Pradesh.
He succeeds 1983 batch officer Dinesh Kumar, who is retiring from service Sunday on attaining the age of superannuation.
Punetha would hold the CS post for exactly eight months as he will retire on May 31, 2019.
Chief Minister N Chandrababu Naidu, who returned from a week-long trip to the US Saturday, chose Punetha as the head of the state bureaucracy overlooking two 1983 batch IAS officers who have tenure till April 2020.
The soft-spoken Punetha is now the Chief Commissioner of Land Administration and had previously held important posts like Principal Secretary (Revenue), Health and Family Welfare Commissioner and Agriculture Commissioner.
During his stint as Srikakulam district Collector in the 1990s, he won the Best Collector award for three consecutive years, which is said to be a unique record.
Meanwhile, government sources indicated that a major reshuffle of the bureaucrats in the state is on the anvil.
The exercise is expected to be taken up early next month.


text:
Dies ist eine Liste der Kirchenmusikkomponisten, die im Stammteil des Evangelischen Gesangbuchs bei einem Lied unter Melodie oder Satz aufgeführt sind.

Mittelalter
 Mönch von Salzburg

16. Jahrhundert
 Bourgeois, Loys
 Calvisius, Seth
 Dachstein, Wolfgang
 Davantès, Pierre
 Decius, Nikolaus
 Eccard, Johannes
 Franc, Guillaume
 Gastoldi, Giovanni Giacomo
 Goudimel, Claude
 Greiter, Matthäus
 Herman, Nikolaus
 Hofhaimer, Paul
 Isaac, Heinrich
 Kugelmann, Hans
 Lossius, Lucas
 Luther, Martin
 Müntzer, Thomas
 Nicolai, Philipp
 Regnart, Jakob
 Rumpius, Daniel
 Selnecker, Nikolaus
 Senfl, Ludwig
 Sermisy, Claudin de
 Spangenberg, Cyriakus
 Steurlein, Johann
 Triller, Valentin
 Walter, Johann
 Zwingli, Huldrych

17. Jahrhundert
 Ahle, Johann Georg
 Ahle, Johann Rudolf
 Albert, Heinrich
 Briegel, Wolfgang Carl
 Camphuysen, Dirk Raphaelszoon
 Crüger, Johann
 Drese, Adam
 Franck, Melchior
 Franck, Michael
 Gastorius, Severus
 Gesius, Bartholomäus
 Hammerschmidt, Andreas
 Helder, Bartholomäus
 Hintze, Jakob
 Jan, Martin
 Krieger, Adam
 Löhner, Johann
 Löwenstern, Matthäus Apelles von
 Neander, Joachim
 Neumark, Georg
 Österreicher, Georg
 Peter, Christoph
 Praetorius, Michael
 Rinckart, Martin
 Scheidt, Samuel
 Schein, Johann Hermann
 Schop, Johann
 Schütz, Heinrich
 Sohren, Peter
 Stobäus, Johann
 Strattner, Georg Christoph
 Teschner, Melchior
 Ulich, Johann
 Vulpius, Melchior
 Wessnitzer, Wolfgang

18. Jahrhundert
 Bach, Johann Sebastian
 Buttstett, Franz Vollrath
 Dretzel, Cornelius Heinrich
 Gregor, Christian
 Händel, Georg Friedrich
 Hiller, Johann Adam
 König, Johann Balthasar
 Reimann, Johann Balthasar
 Schulz, Johann Abraham Peter
 Telemann, Georg Philipp
 Tersteegen, Gerhard
 Witt, Christian Friedrich

19. Jahrhundert
 Gruber, Franz Xaver
 Harder, August
 Helmore, Thomas
 Herder, Johann Gottfried
 Koch, Mina
 Monk, William Henry
 Reading, John
 Scholefield, Clement Cotterill
 Schulz, Karl Friedrich
 Silcher, Friedrich
 Wesley, Samuel Sebastian
 Wichern, Johann Hinrich
 Zahn, Johannes

20. Jahrhundert
 Abel, Otto
 Anders, Charles Richard
 Arfken, Ernst
 Baltruweit, Fritz
 Bertram, Hans Georg
 Beuerle, Herbert
 Bietz, Hartmut
 Boßler, Kurt
 Cartford, Gerhard M.
 Deiss, Lucien
 Fraysse, Claude
 Fronmüller, Frieda
 Geilsdorf, Paul
 Geraedts, Jaap
 Gottschick, Friedemann
 Gruber, Erich
 Gwinner, Volker
 Häußler, Gerhard
 Hechtenberg, Dieter
 Heurich, Winfried
 Hofmann, Friedrich
 Hovland, Egil
 Huijbers, Bernard Maria
 Janssens, Peter
 Klein, Richard Rudolf
 Köbler, Hanns
 König, Helmut
 Kremer, Gerard
 Kroedel, Rolf
 Kverno, Trond
 Lafferty, Karen
 Lahusen, Christian
 Lörcher, Richard
 Lotz, Hans-Georg
 Lüders, Rüdeger
 Lütge, Karl
 Mauersberger, Rudolf
 Mehrtens, Frits
 Micheelsen, Hans Friedrich
 Mitscha-Eibl, Claudia
 Neubert, Gottfried
 Ochs, Volker
 Oyens, Tera de Marez
 Petzold, Johannes
 Pezold, Gustav
 Potter, Doreen
 Puls, Hans
 Reda, Siegfried
 Reger, Max
 Riethmüller, Otto
 Rohr, Heinrich
 Rommel, Kurt
 Rothenberg, Samuel
 Rothenberg, Theophil
 Ruppel, Paul Ernst
 Ruuth, Anders
 Sambursky, Daniel
 Schlenker, Manfred
 Schneider, Martin Gotthard
 Schulz, Otmar
 Schulz, Walter
 Schwarz, Gerhard
 Schwarz, Joachim
 Schweizer, Rolf
 Siemoneit, Hans Rudolf
 Sutter, Ignace de
 Trautwein, Dieter
 Vaughan Williams, Ralph
 Veigel, Gotthold
 Werner, Fritz
 Widestrand, Olle
 Wiese, Götz
 Zipp, Friedrich
 Zöbeley, Rudolf

Siehe auch
 Liste von Kirchenliederkomponisten

Evangelisch
!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Yorkshire-based business, Caddick Construction, has announced the completion of a multi-million pound Evans Halshaw Vauxhall car dealership.
The construction team began work at the site on the corner of Gelderd Road and Leeds City Ring Road at the start of January, and completed the project on time last month.
The spacious 20,000 sq ft dealership houses a showroom, reception area, office space, workshop, valet and parts department. The project has also achieved a Very Good BREEAM Rating, as did the Group's Stratstone BMW/ MINI building next door, through the incorporation of low energy and high efficiency lighting and high efficiency heat pumps to heat and cool the showroom. Photovoltaics on the roof contribute to 10% of the energy requirement, and solar controlled glazing panels in the showroom minimise solar gain.
Caddick Construction and Caddick Civil Engineering are the operational arms of Caddick Group PLC. Offering more than 30 years' experience across a range of market sectors including commercial, education, industrial, leisure, refurbishment, residential, care, retail, mixed use and fit out. The Group employs almost 500 people and its turnover is £90 million.
For further information on Caddick Construction visit www.caddickconstruction.co.uk.
Caddick Group PLC is at the forefront of commercial property development, construction & civil engineering in the UK.
The company's development interests include Monks Cross and the Designer Outlet Village in York, Trinity Leeds, Scarborough Business Park, Rose Wharf in Leeds and residential schemes in central London.


The Temecula rental market continues to be quite good. Rental prices are stable and demand remains strong. The increase in real estate sales has mainly been spurred by first time home buyers, yet a number of investors continue to offer a sizable inventory of rental properties. With home prices on the rise, so too is the demand for rental homes as an affordable alternative to home ownership. Temecula rental homes remain in high demand and Temecula's school systems continue to draw in renters.
You can find out more information regarding the Temecula area by clicking here.


[United States]: Simon & Schuster Audio, 1996.
Rarely has a literary novel so captured the hearts and minds of readers across America and the world as E. Annie Proulx's The Shipping News, winner of the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize. Now we have Proulx's new novel, Accordion Crimes, a masterpiece of storytelling that spans a century and a continent.
Accordion Crimes opens in 1890 in Sicily as an accordion maker completes his finest instrument and dreams of owning a music store in America. He and his eleven-year-old son, carrying little more than the accordion, voyage to the teeming, violent port of New Orleans. Within a year, the accordion maker is murdered by an anti-Italian lynching mob, but his instrument carries Proulx's story as it falls into the hands of various immigrants who carry it from Iowa to Texas, from Maine to Louisiana, looking for a decent life. The music is their last link with the past -- voice for their fantasies, sorrows and exuberance -- but it, too, is forced to change.
Proulx's prodigious knowledge, heartbreaking characters and daring storytelling unite the sections of Accordion Crimes -- a stunning novel, exhilarating in its scope and originality.
1 online resource (1 audio file (5hr., 07 min.)) : digital.
Rarely has a literary novel so captured the hearts and minds of readers across America and the world as E. Annie Proulx's The Shipping News, winner of the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize. Now we have Proulx's new novel, Accordion Crimes, a masterpiece of storytelling that spans a century and a continent. Accordion Crimes opens in 1890 in Sicily as an accordion maker completes his finest instrument and dreams of owning a music store in America. He and his eleven-year-old son, carrying little more than the accordion, voyage to the teeming, violent port of New Orleans. Within a year, the accordion maker is murdered by an anti-Italian lynching mob, but his instrument carries Proulx's story as it falls into the hands of various immigrants who carry it from Iowa to Texas, from Maine to Louisiana, looking for a decent life. The music is their last link with the past -- voice for their fantasies, sorrows and exuberance -- but it, too, is forced to change. Proulx's prodigious knowledge, heartbreaking characters and daring storytelling unite the sections of Accordion Crimes -- a stunning novel, exhilarating in its scope and originality.
Proulx, A., & Herrmann, E. (1996). Accordion crimes. Abridged. [United States]: Simon & Schuster Audio.
Proulx, Annie and Edward Herrmann. 1996. Accordion Crimes. [United States]: Simon & Schuster Audio.
Proulx, Annie and Edward Herrmann, Accordion Crimes. [United States]: Simon & Schuster Audio, 1996.
Proulx, Annie., and Edward Herrmann. Accordion Crimes. Abridged. [United States]: Simon & Schuster Audio, 1996.
|a Accordion crimes|h [electronic resource] /|c E. Annie Proulx.
|a [United States]:|b Simon & Schuster Audio ,|c 1996.
|a 1 online resource (1 audio file (5hr., 07 min.)) :|b digital.
|a Read by Edward Herrmann.
|a Rarely has a literary novel so captured the hearts and minds of readers across America and the world as E. Annie Proulx's The Shipping News, winner of the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize. Now we have Proulx's new novel, Accordion Crimes, a masterpiece of storytelling that spans a century and a continent. Accordion Crimes opens in 1890 in Sicily as an accordion maker completes his finest instrument and dreams of owning a music store in America. He and his eleven-year-old son, carrying little more than the accordion, voyage to the teeming, violent port of New Orleans. Within a year, the accordion maker is murdered by an anti-Italian lynching mob, but his instrument carries Proulx's story as it falls into the hands of various immigrants who carry it from Iowa to Texas, from Maine to Louisiana, looking for a decent life. The music is their last link with the past -- voice for their fantasies, sorrows and exuberance -- but it, too, is forced to change. Proulx's prodigious knowledge, heartbreaking characters and daring storytelling unite the sections of Accordion Crimes -- a stunning novel, exhilarating in its scope and originality.
|a Accordionists|z United States|v Fiction.
|u https://www.hoopladigital.com/title/11639703|z Instantly available on hoopla.


'U bicycle', a hand sculptured art object is made by singapore bikesmiths vanguard is available at tokyo-based CIBONE. produced for underscore magazine (with branding and design by HJGHER), it was first shown at designtide during the last tokyo designers' week. the 'U bicycle' evokes a nostalgic memory of the classic dutch style, with a black matte steel frame (made in japan) in combination with copper details and a leather saddle.
a previous one-off limited edition series of four bicycles: 'cloud', 'mist', 'rain' and 'dew' was also hand-sculpted by vanguard in singapore. referring to the overlapping stages of precipitation and evaporation, elements of the hydrologic cycle were studied and distinguished to represent each bicycle, reinforcing notions of repetition, renewal, reflection and change.
for the construction of the bicycles, four extremely durable 1970s japanese-made ishiwata touring frames of high-grade vintage steel with fillet-brazed joinery and lugged construction were acquired as the canvases. these frames, which are no longer in production, are extremely durable, strong and flexible, with the ability to withstand extreme stress from the toughest urban riding conditions. in order to achieve the sleek lines of a track frame, the bosses and brackets that were once used for the brake cables and derailleurs were brazed and filed. new track dropouts were specially laser-cut and fitted onto the frames. to accommodate newer and sleeker 700-c tyres, the forks, seat and chain stays were shortened. each frame was sandblasted, galvanised and chrome-plated. all bikes were built as single-speed kinetic sculptures and fitted with coaster hub brakes. they are enjoyable rides that are easy to maintain.
the 'cloud' messenger bike dwells in the overlapping layers of cloud and sky. using the bicycle as a visual portal to express these two sublime layers –as if the bike is passing through these layers that are frozen in time – qualities of light and space that are transmitted through this interaction are captured. cloud is custom-fabricated and is designed as a sleek single speed ride that comes fitted with a coaster hub brake.
the 'mist' messenger bike is an expression of heavy mist precipitating at the break of dawn, glistening in half darkness through its reflection of a water droplet in light. specially restored and custom-built, mist comes fitted with a coaster hub brake, chrome finished handlebar grips as well as puncture resistant 700-C tyres.
the 'rain' messenger bike expresses the moment when the bicycle slices through falling rain, seen through a sheet of rain that falls in horizontal lines. custom-fabricated, rain was brazed and re-proportioned, and built as an elegant single speed bike that comes fitted with a coaster hub brake.
the 'dew' messenger bike expresses the changing densities of atmospheric moisture through condensation as the bicycle moves forward through time. dew is designed to capture the experience the first formation of water droplets, as if charting the precise moment when night transits into day. dew is meticulously restored, re-welded and fitted with a coaster hub brake and a magnesium alloy aero rim.
vanguard builds its own range of brand new bikes using recycled steel. with an attention to detail and a hands-on approach, vanguard works closely with its local community of the fine craftsmen and mechanics, encouraging a sustainable biking solution. vanguard specialises in the restoration and customisation of vintage european and japanese bikes – they are beautiful, durable and are built to last a lifetime. vanguard works on special commissioned projects in which the bike is built according to the user's riding preferences, geometry, fit, and aesthetic/design preferences. customised fabrication options are available.


text:
UK companies sign up for the Business Compact
Nick Clegg, deputy prime minister has announced that more than 100 British businesses have signed the government's Business Compact...
New Manufacturing Advisory Service Launched
A new national programme which will focus on helping small and medium manufacturing businesses to grow has officially launched, Business Minister Mark Prisk and the Manufacturing Advisory Consortium (MAC) announced today...
Innovation Fund Round Two Briefing Events
DWP plans to hold a number of briefing events to explain the Innovation Fund requirements more fully and to answer questions from interested organisations (including potential investors, delivery organisations and potential bidders)...
Register of Training Organisations launches 18th January
Following a review and evaluation of the Approved College and Training Organisations Regsiter (ACTOR), a new Register of Training Organisations has been announced...


text:
Where to Stay in Alibaug - From Beach Resorts to Budget Hotels
Sun, sand, and beaches are Alibaug's hallmarks. Visitors also come to marvel at the 17th-century forts and the colonial ruins in the seaside town and its surrounding areas. While planning your stay here, you can choose between high-end hotels and budget accommodation. You can also opt for tranquil beach resorts or farmhouses out in the countryside.
With its picturesque coastline, Alibaug attracts weekenders from nearby cities and beach lovers from all over the world. Today, the main town is not only popular for its sandy seashores but also for its forts, some of which sit in the middle of the Arabian Sea. Alibaug also makes a great base for those who want to explore quieter beaches up and down the coastline.
Around the beaches at Alibaug and Varsoli, you'll find accommodation that ranges from mid-market beach resorts to more upscale hotels. Amenities may include private cottages and spas. In more urban districts, you can find low-priced hotels that provide clean, spacious rooms.
Search for Alibaug hotels
If you arrive at Mandwa port by ferry, Awas is one of the first places you'll pass on your way to Alibaug. For travelers looking for quiet beaches, Awas is a haven. The town is also home to ancient temples dedicated to the Pandavas, the 5 warrior brothers from the Mahabharata epic.
Cottages and bungalows are common in Awas. These are especially convenient and budget friendly for those traveling in large groups. Many of these places come with playground facilities and activities for kids.
Search for Awas hotels
Kihim Beach
Just north of Alibaug is Kihim, beloved for its beach and water sports facilities. Kihim is more secluded than Alibaug yet still close to sights like the island forts at Khanderi and Underi and the old Jewish cemetery at Navgaon. Another attraction is the hilltop Kankeshwar Temple, a 6 km drive from town. Devotees climb the hill to offer prayers to Lord Shiva, a deity who is part of the Hindu Trinity.
Kihim offers a mix of upscale resorts and basic beach cottages. The more lavish digs pamper you with spa services, outdoor pools, in-house eateries, and health clubs. The cottages, on the other hand, are surrounded by gardens and serve up homemade meals.
Search for Kihim Beach hotels
From Alibaug, it's a 1-hour drive south to Kashid, another seaside town popular for its unspoiled beaches. Kashid is a favorite with nature lovers who visit the Phansad Wildlife Sanctuary, 10 km away, to spot exotic birds, butterflies, and snakes. Kashid is also close to Murud-Janjira Fort, an enormous structure that sits off the coast.
In Kashid, midrange properties are close to the sea and often afford great views. Many of these places have their own restaurants and offer packages with meals included. When you travel inland, you'll find no-frills hotels offering clean rooms for budget rates.
Search for Kashid hotels
Alibaug Guides
Travel Tips for Getting the Best out of Alibaug
Where to Eat In and Around Alibaug - Seafood, Buffets, and Bakeries
A Guide to Alibaug - Beaches, Forts, and Water Sports
What do See and Do in Alibaug - From Modern Beach Life to Jewish Heritage
Alibaug Hotel Deals
Mango Beach House Kihim Alibaug3 stars$81$69
View all Alibaug Hotel Offers
Find your perfect holiday in Alibaug
From 10 hotels.


text:
The Barry Award er en amerikansk litteraturpris for kriminalromaner. Den er blevet uddelt hvert år siden 1997 af redaktørerne bag bladet Deadly Pleasures, et amerikansk blad for krimilæsere, der udkommer fire gange om året. Fra 2007-2009 blev prisen uddelt i samarbejde med bladet Mystery News. Prisen er opkaldt efter Barry Gardner, en amerikansk anmelder.

Vindere

2021
 Bedste roman: S. A. Cosby for Blacktop Wasteland
 Bedste debutroman: David Heska Wanbli Weiden for Winter Counts
 Bedste Paperback Original: James W. Ziskin for Turn to Stone
 Bedste Thriller: Thomas Perry for Eddie's Boy

2020
 Bedste roman: Jane Harper, for The Lost Man
 Bedste debutroman: Soren Sveistrup for The Chestnut Man
 Bedste Paperback Original: Rick Mofina, for Missing Daughter
 Bedste Thriller: Adrian McKinty, for The Chain
 Mystery/Crime Novel of the Decade: Robert Crais for Suspect

2019
 Bedste roman: Lou Berney, for November Road
 Bedste debutroman: C.J. Tudor, for The Chalk Man
 Bedste Paperback Original: Dervla McTiernan, for The Ruin
 Bedste Thriller: Dan Fesperman, for Safe Houses

2018
 Bedste roman: Karen Dionne, for The Marsh King's Daughter
 Bedste debutroman: Jane Harper, for The Dry
 Bedste Paperback Original: Allen Eskens, for The Deep Dark Descending
 Bedste Thriller: Meg Gardiner, for Unsub

2017
 Bedste roman: Louise Penny, for A Great Reckoning
 Bedste debutroman: Nicholas Petrie, for The Drifter
 Bedste Paperback Original: Adrian McKinty, for Rain Dogs
 Bedste Thriller: Joseph Finder, for Guilty Minds

2016
 Bedste roman: C. J. Box, for Badlands
 Bedste debutroman: Ausma Zehanat Khan, for The Unquiet Dead
 Bedste Paperback Original: Lou Berney, for The Long and Faraway Gone
 Bedste Thriller: Taylor Stevens, for The Mask

2015
 Bedste roman: Greg Iles, for Natchez Burning
 Bedste debutroman: Julia Dahl, for Invisible City
 Bedste Paperback Original: Allen Eskens, for The Life We Bury
 Bedste Thriller: Michael Koryta, for Those Who Wish Me Dead

2014
 Bedste roman: William Kent Krueger, for Ordinary Grace
 Bedste debutroman: Barry Lancet, for Japantown
 Bedste thriller: Taylor Stevens, for The Doll
 Bedste Paperback Original: Adrian McKinty, I Hear the Sirens in the Street

2013
 Bedste roman: Peter May, for The Blackhouse
 Bedste debutroman: Julia Keller, for A Killing in the Hills
 Bedste thriller: Daniel Silva, for The Fallen Angel
 Bedste Paperback Original: Susan Ella McNeal, for Mr Churchill's Secretary

2012
 Bedste roman: Jussi Adler-Olsen, for The Keeper of Lost Causes (Kvinden i buret)
 Bedste debutroman: Taylor Stevens, for The Informationist
 Bedste britiske roman: Peter James, for Dead Man's Grip
 Bedste thriller: Thomas Perry, for The Informant
 Bedste Paperback Original: Michael Stanley, for Death of the Mantis
 Bedste Short Story: Jeffrey Cohen, for "The Gun Also Rises"

2011
 Bedste roman: Steve Hamilton, for The Lock Artist
 Bedste debutroman: Paul Doiron, for The Poacher's Son
 Bedste britiske roman: Reginald Hill, for The Woodcutter
 Bedste thriller: Deon Meyer, for Thirteen Hours
 Bedste Paperback Novel: Val McDermid, for Fever of the Bone
 Bedste Short Story: Loren D. Estleman, for The List

2010
 Bedste roman: John Hart for The Last Child
 Bedste debutroman: Alan Bradley for The Sweetness at the Bottom of the Pie
 Bedste britiske roman: Philip Kerr for If The Dead Not Rise
 Bedste Paperback-roman: Bryan Gruley for Starvation Lake
 Bedste thriller: Jamie Freveletti for Running from the Devil
 Mystery/Crime Novel Of The Decade: Stieg Larsson for The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo
 Bedste Short Story Brendan Dubois for "The High House Writer"

2009
 Bedste roman: Arnaldur Indridason for The Draining Lake
 Bedste debutroman: Tom Rob Smith for Child 44
 Bedste britiske roman: Stieg Larsson for The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo
 Bedste Paperback Novel: Julie Hyzy for State of the Onion
 Bedste thriller: Brett Battles for The Deceived
 Bedste Short Story James O. Born for "The Drought"

2008
 Bedste roman: Laura Lippman, for What the Dead Know
 Bedste thriller: Robert Crais, for The Watchman
 Bedste britiske roman: Edward Wright, for Damnation Falls
 Bedste Paperback Novel: Megan Abbott, for Queenpin
 Bedste debut roman: Tana French, for In the Woods

2007
 Bedste roman: George Pelecanos, for The Night Gardener
 Bedste thriller: Daniel Silva, for The Messenger
 Bedste britiske roman: Ken Bruen, for Priest
 Bedste Paperback Novel: Sean Doolittle, for The Cleanup
 Bedste debutroman: Louise Penny, for Still Life
 Bedste Short Story: Brendan DuBois, for "The Right Call"

2006
 Bedste roman: Thomas H. Cook, for Red Leaves
 Bedste thriller: Joseph Finder, for Company Man
 Bedste britiske roman: Denise Mina, for The Field of Blood
 Bedste Paperback Novel: Reed Farrel Coleman, for The James Deans
 Bedste debutroman: Stuart MacBride, for Cold Granite
 Bedste Short Story: Nancy Pickard, for "There is No Crime on Easter Island"

2005
 Bedste roman: Lee Child, for The Enemy
 Bedste thriller: Barry Eisler, for Rain Storm
 Bedste britiske roman: John Harvey, for Flesh & Blood
 Bedste Paperback Original: Elaine Flinn, for Tagged for Murder
 Bedste debut roman: Carlos Ruiz Zafón, for The Shadow of the Wind
 Bedste Short Story: Edward D. Hoch, for "The War in Wonderland"

2004
 Bedste roman: Laura Lippman, for Every Secret Thing
 Bedste Britiske roman: Val McDermid, for The Distant Echo
 Bedste Paperback Original: Jason Starr, for Tough Luck
 Bedste debutroman: P. J. Tracy, for Monkeewrench
 Bedste Short Story: Robert Barnard, for "Rogues' Gallery"

2003
 Best Novel: Michael Connelly, for City of Bones
 Best British Crime Novel: John Connolly, for The White Road
 Best Paperback Original: Danielle Girard, for Cold Silence
 Best First Novel: Julia Spencer-Fleming, for In the Bleak Midwinter

2002
 Bedste roman: Dennis Lehane, for Mystic River
 Bedste Britiske roman: Stephen Booth, for Dancing with the Virgins
 Bedste Paperback Original: Deborah Woodworth, for Killing Gifts
 Bedste debutroman: C. J. Box, for Open Season

2001
 Bedste hardcover roman: Nevada Barr, for Deep South
 Bedste Britiske roman: Stephen Booth, for Black Dog
 Bedste Paperback roman: Eric Wright, for The Kidnapping of Rosie Dawn
 Bedste debutroman: David Liss, for A Conspiracy of Paper

2000
 Bedste roman: Peter Robinson, for In a Dry Season
 Bedste Britiske roman: Val McDermid, for A Place of Execution
 Bedste paperback Original: Robin Burcell, for Every Move She Makes
 Bedste debutroman: Donna Andrews, for Peacocks

1999
 Bedste roman: Reginald Hill, for On Beulah Height and Dennis Lehane for Gone, Baby, Gone
 Bedste debutroman: William Kent Krueger, for Iron Lake

1998
 Bedste roman: Michael Connelly, for Trunk Music
 Bedste Paperback Original: Harlan Coben, for Backspin
 Bedste debutroman: Lee Child, for Killing Floor

1997
 Bedste roman: Peter Lovesey, for Bloodhounds
 Bedste Paperback Original: Susan Wade, for Walking Rain
 Bedste debutroman: Charles Todd, for Test of Wills
 Bedste Non-Fiction: Willetta L. Heising, for Detecting Women 2

Referencer

Litteraturpriser


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Confirmation: EW review
Kerry Washington is Anita Hill in HBO's docu-movie
By Joe McGovern
April 14, 2016 at 06:48 PM EDT
Frank Masi/HBO
Confirmation, HBO's reenactment of the scorching 1991 Clarence Thomas/Anita Hill Senate hearings, has the misfortune of being the first big docu-movie to air in the new post-People v. O.J. Simpson TV universe. Like Ryan Murphy's 10-episode FX miniseries which concluded last week, the film satiates the thirst of a large audience hungry for "old news" nostalgia and the desire to be re-angered by public trials, but the film (directed by Dope's Rick Famuyiwa) suffers from how high the bar has been recently raised — especially for projects delving into the subject of race or gender, as The People v. O.J. Simpson did. Superbly acted but severely unadventurous in scope, Confirmation plays like a milquetoast movie of the week from yesteryear.
Kerry Washington stars as Anita Hill, the 35-year-old law professor who was unwittingly thrust into the spotlight when she provided a statement to the Senate Judiciary Committee about the workplace inappropriateness of Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas (The Wire's excellent Wendell Pierce). The investigation that quickly followed — and Hill's subsequent testimony and Thomas's rebuttal — gripped the nation, starting a conversation about sexual harassment that even the Senate committee members (all elderly or middle-aged white men) didn't want to have. Hill's claim that Thomas once asked her, "Who has put pubic hair on my Coke?" was the lead story on the nightly news. As was Thomas' accusation that he was the victim of a "high-tech lynching for uppity blacks."
Even if you weren't alive during that eventful week in October 1991 — and there are law school graduates who weren't, just to make you feel old if you were — the case's sensationalism and newsworthiness is clear. Yet a quarter or perhaps even a third of Confirmation's total running time is archive news footage, with Tim Russert, Peter Jennings and Tom Brokaw, among many others, talking solemnly about the events. But this is just narrative blubber — and worse, a curious sign of the documentary that the movie seems eager to be instead. (Oscar-winner Freida Lee Mock made a very fine one on the subject, called Anita, in 2013 — which includes the twisted detail from 2010 of the 7:30 a.m. phone call Hill received from Ginni Thomas, Clarence's wife, urging Hill to apologize to her husband.)
Washington's performance is fortifying, especially during the scenes of the Senate testimony, in which the actress speaks in the authentically halting delivery of Hill's nervous voice. But Confirmation is strongest when it focuses on the senators themselves, in all their brazenness and hypocrisy, a more topical theme in the light of the current stalemate over President Obama's latest Supreme Court nominee. But the movie, which has been criticized for its composite characters and invented scenes by both Hill and some of the senators negatively depicted, never obtains a state of moxie about its subject. We're informed that Sen. Ted Kennedy (Treat Williams) is afraid to criticize Thomas because of his own female troubles, but that line is never explored. Sen. Jack Danforth (the smiling, slithering Bill Irwin) is depicted as a one-note cheerleader for Thomas, alongside caricature Sens. Orrin Hatch and Alan Simpson (played by on-demand villain types Dylan Baker and Peter McRobbie).
But the movie's most urgent and fascinating character is then-committee chairman Joe Biden (played in an uncanny impersonation, particularly vocally, by the fantastic Greg Kinnear). It's disappointing that the character of Biden's assistant (Zoe Lister-Jones) has had her name changed in the movie (from the real-life Harriet Grant to the fictional Carolyn Hart), presumably for reasons having to do with inaccuracy of her portrayal, but Biden emerges as a confident but conflicted man. And Kinnear nails the duality of Biden's position, attempting on one hand to maintain comity among his colleagues in the Senate while also trying, often fecklessly, to be sensitive to Hill. The current vice president probably won't love his depiction as a capitulator, but three years after Clarence Thomas was confirmed as a Supreme Court justice by a Senate vote of 52-48, it was Biden who drafted the historic Violence Against Women Act. From its most interesting angle, Confirmation could be viewed as his complex origin story. B-
By Joe McGovern @jmcgvrn


Arafin Media - Why and How We Cut Out Images at Arafin Media.
We also cut images so as to convert photos into sketches. By cut out images, we focus at creating powerful images that can be used in marketing or providing fun to viewers. Photo cut out enables us to remove the background of any digital photo and replace it with the colors of your choice. We are also able to replace your pictures with pictures you think can help your business to grow.
Create collage on anything including family pictures.
When you allow us to cut out your pictures, we may cut out an object and have it on a plain or colored background depending on your wish. We make them look expensive as if they have been done by a professional. We make use of advanced software to present your pictures so that they bring out details more accurately than it can be done by the most sophisticated machine.
We increase the contrast between the object and the image so as to make it easier to trace the objects edges accurately.
We use Ms Paint to open the images to give us the different colors on the color palate so that we can choose the colors that we can easily remove. This helps us to select the background that we can easily delete so as to make your pictures clear and attractive to the eye. We carry out tests by zooming the images to magnify the job done so that we can assess how the image will look like. If the picture we end up is not good enough, we continue working by deleting unwanted background using advanced tools to make the picture clear. We cut out pictures step by step until we get a fantastic image.
Finally, we carefully look at the images and cut out pictures that we thinks are making your photo not attract the viewer's eye. We finally allow individuals who are experienced in photography to give the final suggestions on the photo cut out. If we are satisfied with the job, we shall send you the final images for review and give you a chance to make the final suggestions on the cut out picture.


text:
Taal volcano poses ongoing threat; believers offer help, hope
15-Jan-2020 •
15-Jan-2020 • • blog: Mission Network News
Philippines (MNN) — Tremblors continue to rock the Philippines today following Sunday's volcanic eruption...
Philippines (MNN) — Tremblors continue to rock the Philippines today following Sunday's volcanic eruption south of Manila. According to government officials, 423 volcanic earthquakes were recorded...
Philippines (MNN) — Tremblors continue to rock the Philippines today following Sunday's volcanic eruption south of Manila. According to government officials, 423 volcanic earthquakes were recorded in the Taal region as of 10 pm local time last night. See...
Indian Christians say "enough" to violence against women
India (MNN) — The Indian government is taking steps to punish violence against women. Most recently,...
India (MNN) — The Indian government is taking steps to punish violence against women. Most recently, four men were sentenced to death for the brutal gang rape of a 23-year-old female student in New Delhi...
India (MNN) — The Indian government is taking steps to punish violence against women. Most recently, four men were sentenced to death for the brutal gang rape of a 23-year-old female student in New Delhi in 2012. However, not much has changed at...
Apples in Aomori: A Key to Fruitful Ministry
13-Jan-2020 • Robert & Roberta Adair
13-Jan-2020 • Robert & Roberta Adair • blog: A2 Community Blog
Honshu is the largest of the four main islands of Japan. Aomori is the name of the prefecture at the...
Honshu is the largest of the four main islands of Japan. Aomori is the name of the prefecture at the northern end of Honshu. It is a rural prefecture with a declining population, and its economy relies...
Honshu is the largest of the four main islands of Japan. Aomori is the name of the prefecture at the northern end of Honshu. It is a rural prefecture with a declining population, and its economy relies on farming, forestry, and fishing. In early November,...
Preparing for a 2020 Summer Team in Japan
10-Jan-2020 • Emi Miller
10-Jan-2020 • Emi Miller • blog: A2 Community Blog
Japan 2020 | Preparing for this Opportunity from SIM USA on Vimeo.
Watch this short video to see...
Watch this short video to see how you can begin preparing.
Are you passionate about partnering with the local...
Are you passionate about partnering with the local Church to reach communities where Jesus is least...
Who is a Good Fit for this Opportunity?
10-Jan-2020 • Mary Jo Wilson
10-Jan-2020 • Mary Jo Wilson • blog: A2 Community Blog
Japan 2020 | Who is a Good Fit for this Opportunity from SIM USA on Vimeo.
Do you have a heart for...
Do you have a heart for those who don't know Jesus? Do you have a growing interest to explore how God can use you as part...
Do you have a heart for those who don't know Jesus? Do you have a growing interest to explore how God can use you as part of His global mission? This is a great opportunity...
A2 Stories
Shaping Your Culture
by Rod Denton
Category: A2 Community Blog
By what you create or what you tolerate
I was recently reminded of the valuable responsibility leaders have in shaping the culture of their organisation. They can shape their culture intentionally, or they can shape their culture by default. This important lesson was brought home to me when I listened to a presentation by Danny Meyer, the CEO of a restaurant chain in America called Shake Shack. He spoke of how he chose to define the way he would shape the culture of his restaurant by "shaping the way that people would feel when they dined in one of the Shake Shack restaurants." ...
Jason Richard Tan: "Asian Access came at just the right time"
by Jeff Johnston
Hello, my name is Jason Richard Tan. I was introduced to Asian Access way back in January 2017. And at the time I was just recovering from the very discouraging and painful ordeal. I had lost my voice, my ministry, and even my integrity, and I left the pastoral ministry. I wasn't sure about my calling and my future in ministry. Asian Access came just at the right time. Through Asian Access, I learned two things: one is the value of...
Emperor to step down as Japan approaches Reiwa era
by Mission Network News
Category: Mission Network News
Japan (MNN) — There's a new day dawning in the land of the rising sun. Japan's current emperor – Akihito – is stepping down at the end of April. His son, Crown Prince Naruhito, will take over this largely-symbolic yet culturally-vital role on May 1. The move basically amounts to resignation, which doesn't seem like a big deal at first glance. Yet, as Takeshi Takazawa of explains, "This is the first time a current emperor has decided and requested… that he would resign [and for the] Crown Prince to assume the emperor's position. "This is a brand new thing in our history." ...
Discovering the Joy of Parenting
Category: From the President
I often speak with parents about the challenges of parenting and hear stories of the aches and pains people face or simply the frustrations of raising kids. How encouraging to know that Asian Access missionary Barbara Bauman, with help from her husband Gary, has updated her outstanding book Discovering the Joy of Parenting. I can't wait to get a copy! The original book has been a lifesaver and game changer for many Japanese and Mongolian families around the world. It's been available as a bilingual Japanese and English text since 2002, and in Mongolian since 2012. I've heard stories of...
March 11th... And the future
Eight years ago, Silk and I were here in Japan during the horrific triple disaster that hit the country. In a matter of minutes, lives were ruined, the country was disrupted and it was a day that none of us will ever forget. The spirit of "Ganbatte" – never giving up or it's similar "Ganbare" – let's do our best or together carried the nation through the personal and societal loss. It was a significant time for the body of Christ in Japan, as Christ's Church rose to the occasion to help bring hope and healing to the nation. It was one of the most unifying expressions in modern Japanese church history and the hope that it inspired is still active today. To get a glimpse of how this happened, take a look at this...
J. D. Payne
by Payne, J. D.
Category: Endorsements
"I am extremely encouraged when I hear of an organization with a vision to influence leaders, local churches, church networks, and entire countries for the sake of Christ and His Kingdom. Such is a biblical vision that demands appropriate action! Asian Access has that vision and is on the move! They understand as the Lord of the harvest sends laborers into His field, such servants need to be properly nurtured and developed for the multiplication of disciples, leaders, and churches. Check out their passion, ...
Where is God in the extended seasons of unceasing trauma?
One of our core faculty members, Rod Denton, has been going through a trying season the last several years. After wave upon wave of disappointment and agony, he shared the following wisdom. I'm sharing it here with his permission, and I hope it encourages you...
It is not always easy to have clear perspective as we have journeyed over many years of illness and chronic pain. How do we make sense of it all? Where is God in the extended seasons of unceasing trauma? How do we push on when there are no easy answers and we feel like we are hanging on by a thread? What can we share with our prayer partners to encourage them, when there is seemingly little or no encouragement to share?
The Koreas: dream of the March 1 Movement lives on
North Korea (MNN) – All eyes are on the peninsula dividing the Koreas over the next couple of days.
Will North and South Korea be able to move past the Cold War framework toward peace? Is American President Donald Trump's leadership style just bold and brash enough to convince North Korea's Kim Jong Un that peace and reunification is in everyone's best interest? These are the questions that await an answer as the two-day Summit gets underway.
Terry Looper on our Heart's Desire & Liberating Souls
Yesterday I posted that I recently sat down to interview Terry Looper about his new book Sacred Pace which was released on February 26. It's a book laying out several great principles that align with our core focus at Asian Access. I know you'll enjoy the book. You can learn more about it here: Sacred Pace. And I had shared two clips from my interview with Terry Looper here, but these are two additional clips that I want you to see...
Terry Looper on Loving God & Making Disciples
Recently, I was able to interview Terry Looper about his new book Sacred Pace being released today on February 26. It's a book laying out several great principles that align with our core focus at Asian Access. I know you'll enjoy the book. You can learn more about it here: Sacred Pace. Here are a couple clips from our interview that I want to share with you. Terry talks about his relationship with God highlighting some of the themes from the book. It's a terrific reflection on Asian Access first outcome, Living in a Love Relationship with God. Enjoy! I hope it inspires your walk with Jesus...
A Fresh Take on Asian Access—through the eyes of a Landscape Architect
by Noel Becchetti
Aj Moldez is a man of many talents, gifts, and callings. A landscape architect by trade, his Philippines-based firm is set up as a Business as Mission—designed to plant shalom and the presence of the gospel through landscape architecture and design. He also serves on the board of Peace Builders Community Inc., an NGO committed to working for peace with indigenous communities in conflict areas. And through PBC, he has helped to innovate Coffee for Peace, using coffee as a means to establish peace and shalom in conflict areas, tribes, and communities. What Aj is not is a pastor. So when his father, Rev. Herman Moldez, asked Aj to serve as a photographer for the "graduation ceremony for the Asian Access Philippines First Class", Aj had no idea what he was getting into. It wasn't until Aj arrived that he realized that his father was one of the graduates.
Asian Access board member, Kärin Primuth serves as the CEO of visionSynergy, a ministry focused on helping mission movements like Asian Access become stronger in partnership. They are very impressive and I hope you'll check them out – http://visionsynergy.net/ Most recently Kärin sent me a letter highlighting the impact Asian Access has had on a new venture they are doing. Here's what Kärin had to say:
Serving on the Asian Access board has not only provided many insights for my own board development, but what I've learned about leadership development has also been instrumental in shaping visionSynergy's network leader development initiatives. We've consistently seen that one of the major barriers to unleashing spiritual transformation is a lack of Christian leaders with skills needed to facilitate collaboration...
Mr. Francis Tsui
by Tsui, Francis
It is a great privilege to join the Asian Access Board to participate in the good work of a vibrant and fruitful mission team who has already labored in Asia for half a century. I aspire to serve alongside some very dedicated and experienced leaders who have the land and the people of Asia in their hearts. After many decades of effective...
God's Tapestry
The Little / BIG Principle...
Terrorists strike again in the Philippines
Thank you for helping us meet the 2018 Matching Gift Challenge
How delegation can be a key to growth
Why I need to Keep Looking Up
2019: What 'exciting' really means.
Marching Toward 2020
Looking Ahead to 2019: What's on the horizon for the A2 movement?
Joe's 2018 Year-End Wrap
2018 Highlights: Stories Celebrating God's Work
Joe Handley: My favorite photos from 2018
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Leadership Emergence: An often underrated and overlooked season
The Most Memorable Gift I Could Have Given
Make plans that outlive your life
INSIGHT... that separates leaders from followers
Persecution in Asia
Pastor Wang Yi sentenced to prison without public trial
Hope Rises after the Bombings in Sri Lanka
Japan: Typhoon Hagibis aftermath
New report shows Gospel growth in "missionary graveyard"
Updates from Indonesia's double disaster
BlogCentre Stories
An Invitation: Summer 2020 in Japan!
Connecting through Community Outreach
The Opportunity for the Japanese Church
New Year, new optimism for Japan.
2019's Top Stories Highlighting God's Work
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Latest Videos: Here are the latest video clips uploaded to our YouTube channel.
Sri Lanka: Survey the country of Sri Lanka, the church there, and what Asian Access is doing.
A2's IMPACT: What do participants say about Asian Access? Listen to a few pastors across Asia...
Escalator Prayer
"Escalator Prayer": This is a great prayer for Japan that you can pray, too! Be sure to expand it, so you can read the English subtitles.
Happy New Year, Friends!
Looking forward, it's an exciting year as we enter this new decade. 2020 is ahead of us folks and I am super excited because a lot is on the horizon....
Hi friends! It's been an exciting year for us at Asian Access, and I want to thank you for your support. This past year we were able to open a new country—a closed access country—and we're grateful for that. The leaders have come to me and said: "Joe, this is awesome. We have nothing like this. We are so grateful that you came." ...
Merry Christmas, Everyone on behalf of Asian Access!
We have a verse for you from the prophet Isaiah: "For a child will be born for us, a son will be given to us, and the government will be on His shoulders. He will be named Wonderful Counselor, Mighty God, Eternal Father, Prince of Peace." — Isaiah 9:6 (HCSB)
We just want to thank you for all the ways you support us whether it is through your prayers, through your financial support, through your moral support. We are so grateful for you in our prayer this holiday season is that you will experience the peace of Christ. And may the message of Christ encourage you...


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Q: Is there an angular momentum-angle uncertainty relation in Quantum Mechanics? In classical mechanics, for each generalized coordinate and conjugate momentum to each coordinate, there is the Poisson bracket identity $\{q_i,p_j\}=\delta_{ij}$. Let's choose polar coordinates with each point as $(r,\theta)$, and the conjugate momentum to $r$ is $p_r$ and the conjugate momentum to $\theta$ is $L$. Now, in the transition to quantum mechanics we replace the dynamical variables by Hermitian operators, and the values of the commutators are equal to the values of the Poisson brackets multiplied by $i \hbar$. My question is: it is possible to build a well-behaved angle operator $\hat{\theta}$ such that $[\hat{\theta},\hat{L}]= i\hbar$ and therfore has uncertainty relation $\sigma_{\theta}\sigma_L\geq\frac{\hbar}{2}$? Does an angular momentum-angle uncertainty relation exist?

A: Short answer is, no there is no well-behaved angle operator  $\hat \theta$ such that $[\hat{\theta},\hat{L}]= i\hbar$.
Since there are eigenstates of the angular momentum $L$ the uncertainty relation $\sigma_{\theta}\sigma_L\geq\frac{\hbar}{2}$  that would ensue implies that $\sigma_{\theta}$ should become infinite for such an eigenstate (just like $\sigma_{p}$ is infinite for an eigenstate of $x$ and $\sigma_{x}$ is infinite for an eigenstate of $p$). Which, for a well-behaved angle is impossible.
If a small uncertainty $\sigma_{\theta}$ can indeed be obtained with a large $\sigma_{L}$, because one can describe a "wave packet" well localised in angle by using many harmonics, the converse is not true.
In fact trying to reduce the number of harmonics to get $\sigma_{L}$ small would spread the "wave packet" not just over $2\pi$, but round and round, so that $\sigma_{\theta}$ grows indefinitely. But this, of course, prevents the hoped for $\hat \theta$ from being well-behaved, it has to be multivalued, the same position being represented by $\theta+2k\pi$ for many values of the integer $k$.
See essentially the same discussion here in particular, and more places as per Qmechanic's comment above.