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Editor Rating: 6/10, based on 1 review, 3 reviews are shown
User Rating: 7.2/10 - 5 votes
See also: Age of Mythology Games, Strategy
Screenshots 19
For The Second time in as many pages, I decry a game for its ugliness even though its of venerable 2002 vintage - but then again, Age Of Mythology looked like a slapped arse compared to its rivals even when it was released. So don't let the dogs loose just yet.
If youre an Age Of Empires nut, then you should by all means make use of its budgetary presence to bump up your back catalogue - it remains an intriguing strategy affair with a neat storyline. A tenner does seem a bit much though. Potential buyers should perhaps check out Stronghold: Legends first which may not have so much of the Civilization-management, but still plays some similarly neat tricks for a relatively low price.
reggie posted a review
Download Age of Mythology
Windows XP/Vista/7/8/10
Operating systems: Windows 10/Windows 8/Windows 7/2000/Vista/WinXP
Rushing, the art of surprising your opponent with a quick yet lethal attack before they've got their act together, has always been a carefully honed tactic in the Age Of community. Experienced players even time unit creation down to the second, and I really hoped that Age Of Mythology would help stamp out this questionable art. But the bastards are still there, bombarding the forums with their smug little equations for taking the fun out of a game.
Although the underlying mechanics of AoM bare a resemblance to the previous games in the areas of economy balancing and unit creation. Ensemble Studios has added a lot of features to spice up the gameplay, especially in multiplayer. For a start there are only three main sides, all be it with their own factions, depending on your deity of choice, so more work has gone into making sure the sides are more defined and balanced than those in Age Of Kings.
The Greeks play more like an Age Of Kings side, they are strong and reasonably fast, a great choice for beginners, but a bit boring when compared to the other powers. At first glance the Egyptians and Norse may look like the weaker choices, and in truth they do take a lot more dedication to master and exploit. However, in the hands of an experienced player, they can both be extremely effective.
The ability of the Norse to build structures without the need for peasants along with the Egyptian's free-build feature on basic buildings makes them a golden choice for rushers. But the most important thing for those thinking of embarking in some online combat is to learn to defend against such tactics, as the longer games are ultimately more satisfying, as well as being a visual feast. The sheer delight of seeing your Norse Nidhogg dragon embarking on an airborne battle and trouncing fire-breathing Egyptian phoenixes is a sight that strategy gamers live for.
Keeping Things Under Control
Interface wise there doesn't seem to be as many options for tweaking the features of your game as there were in Age Of Kings, such as starting at different ages, but the variety of maps are much more interesting with verdant green Greek landscapes, sandy Egyptian oases, snow-covered Norse tundras and even the blackened, lava-strewn Hades levels.
The Age Of games have always had a strong online profile and Mythology is no exception with an abundance of servers available. However, in this case the single-player is such a great experience that it still edges over the multiplayer. Unfortunately, as is often the case, multiplayer has brought out a few minor bugs, mostly in the areas of upgrades not appearing to effect units, but it has already been patched and hopefully Ensemble will continue to do its best to keep the game as bug free as possible.
In contrast to its sprite-base predecessor, Ensemble Studios is treating the RTS gamer to a brand new 3D engine for their soon to be released Age of Mythology. The October 31st launch of AoM has been highly anticipated by many gamers who have eagerly awaited the follow up to Age of Kings, however, AoM is visually and strategically different than its sister title. Having played through the Beta and Alpha releases, most find themselves on one end of the spectrum or the other"?Love it'? and 'Hate it.'? To love it is to relish the graphically stunning environments that comprises the AoM environment.
Highly detailed buildings, animals, and vegetation are simply eye-popping. Unsurpassed water effects are no less than perfect and from the wave action and rippling of the water to its semi-translucency, gamers will continually lose their focus while staring in awe at the sea. Single player campaigns seemlessly blend cutscenes with skirmish scenarios. The incorporation of mythological Gods, God powers, and units is creative and adds a new twist to strategies used against your opponents.
What better way to stimey your opponents' advancement than to rain down a flaming meteor storm on his seemingly protected city? To hate it is to have anticipated that this is a glorified expansion of AoK, which it isn't. This is a title unto itself and its base qualities separate it significantly from its predecessor. Some may be frustrating with never-ending supplies of fish or food from farms. Others will pull their hair out at the population cap that results from not having occupied enough town center locations. Gamers will continue to argue the merits (or drawbacks) of changes such as these for months to come.
To put it simply, you have to try it before you flog it. Buy it with the knowledge that this is a different game entirely and it should supplement your 'Age'? library, not replace it. Ensemble has done an exemplory job of giving us a great RTS title with graphics and animations that fail to dissapoint. With a slew of other strategy titles on the market, Ensemble has established itself as second to none. Put AoM at the top of your Christmas list this year and pray that you've accumulated enough favor with Santa to get this perfect stocking stuffer.
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Indore is the largest populated city in Madhya Pradesh state with headquarters of Indore division and Indore District. The nick mane of Indore city id "Mini Mumbai".In India, Indore is the one and only city that accommodates Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) and Indian Institute of Management (IIM). According to the 2011 census, the literacy rate of Indore is near about 87.38%. The students will get the idea about the Top Engineering Colleges in Indore 2016, admission procedure, and ranking criteria of the college from this article.
There are several prestigious engineering colleges in Indore district for higher studies. At Singheducation, the top engineering colleges/institutes are listed. Aspirants can get more details about the college by clicking on the link of the preferred college. The colleges are rated/ranked on the basis of the education quality furnished to the students, placement statistics of the college, affiliation, accreditation, etc.


Through the 2011 NBA Draft, Florida Gators forward and 2011 Southeastern Conference Player of the Year Chandler Parsons was with us keeping fans up-to-date on his Path to the Draft via a weekly blog entry exclusively here at OGGOA.
With his travels and workouts completed, Parsons caught up with us last time the day before the draft as he relaxed with family and friends in Orlando.
Selected with the No. 38 overall pick in the second round of the draft by the Houston Rockets, Parsons celebrated for one night and then immediately got on a plane to Houston and got to work. We spoke with him after he arrived back in the Florida on the eve of the NBA's lockout for the final edition of his Path to the Draft blog.
Leading up to the draft, I knew that my range was somewhere between 20-40. I knew I had done really well in my workouts and very well in my Houston workout. Before the draft, my agent Mark [Bartelstein] was telling me a couple teams that he thought were good possibilities. He said there's going to be so many trades with this lockout happening that I had to just let him work the phone and talk to people while I enjoyed the process.
I had 20 people come over to my house to watch it, and basically we just sat and watched it like everybody else.
Three picks before [I got chosen], he called me and said, "There is no way you're getting past 39, but Minnesota may trade the 38th pick because Houston loves you. Just be watching." He called me a pick later and said, "Golden State just bought the pick from Minnesota; you're going to Golden State at 38 most likely." So I'm like, "Alright cool." I'm watching, getting hyped because I know I'm about to get picked and he texts me, "Houston bought it from Golden State. You're going to the Rockets." And then basically a minute later, they announced it. Houston ended up buying it for $1.5 million from them.
One pick before, I'm telling everyone I'm probably going to be next. Right before the 38th pick, they announced a bunch of trades that went down. We were like, "Come on. Come on!" And then after they announced my pick, we all went crazy.
Less than five minutes after the pick, Coach Kevin McHale [and a few of the team's scouts] called me to congratulate me and tell me that they're happy to get me. They said they couldn't wait to get me to Houston.
After I got picked, we started celebrating and partying. I had ordered a 22-passenger super stretch limo to come to my house. I'm about to get in and my parents, who were the last ones to leave the house, start screaming. So I ran inside and that is when Vernon [Macklin] got picked at No. 52 [by the Detroit Pistons]. So we all ran back inside to see Vern's deal.
[EXPAND Click to expand and read the remainder of Parsons's final Path to the Draft blog.]After that we went to two places – a club called Bliss and another called Vain downtown. My parents stayed the whole time – I took care of them. My three older brothers went and basically all of my closes friends from Orlando and my family did, too. They were all at the club in VIP and it was really a great time.
The next day was rough. We came back to my house after the bars closed at 2 a.m. and had people over until like 5-6 a.m. Then I had an 11 a.m. flight to Houston the next morning for a press conference.
I met everybody at Houston, did the press conference, worked out. l went to an Astros game and then, Sunday-Wednesday, we had a minicamp with eight-to-10 of the guys working out each day from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. My teammates are some cool guys; a lot of young talent, a lot of pieces that can make our team very good.
Having a new coach like Kevin McHale, who is a legend, I can't wait to learn from him.
They got that camp in there because of the lockout. If there wasn't a lockout, I'd be there right now getting ready for Summer League in Las Vegas.
We had a couple days to work with the coaches, get the terminology down. They told us, during this lockout, to make sure we're working out with as many pros as we can and to stay in shape because there's going to be limited time to do training camp once everyone gets together. And I even got to keep the number 25.
Being in the lower half of the second round, pick No. 38, it's a really high percentage chance I get a guaranteed contract. There's also the fact that they bought my pick for $1.5 million. It's a really good sign. I'm in a really good situation because there's not a lot of guys in my position at Houston. There's Chase Budinger who plays small forward, but there are a lot of opportunities there. I worked out really well this week, and the coaching staff really liked me. I just have to get it done.
I love Houston. I've been there before. [Former Florida point guard] Jai Lucas is from there, so he happened to be there all week and he showed me around the city. It's huge. It's a big city, and it's hot. It was like 98 degrees when we were there. Being from Florida, you'd think I was used to that. It's a great spot to be in, and a good opportunity. I'm looking forward to it.
My agent recommended me to take 10 days off, because I've been working out non-stop. I've been going for a while. Courtney Lee is going to be working out in Orlando, and I'll also be in Gainesville working out with the team. Hopefully we can get together with some of the [fellow former Gators] players and get some workouts in. Basically it is about staying in good shape and competing against as many NBA guys as I can. There's a lot of options; basically I'm just going to take two weeks off and then figure that out. I just have to make sure I stay in the gym and my legs get stronger.
To all of the fans in Gator Nation and also those of you who have kept up with my blog here, thanks for supporting me throughout this whole process – throughout my whole four years at the University of Florida and this whole draft process.
Remember – hard work pays off. My whole dream as a kid was to go in the NBA, get drafted and be in the situation I am. I'm honored to be in the situation representing Florida, and it is true – hard work really does pay off. I can't wait for the season to start, and I hope all of my fans support me in the NBA, too.
Hope everything turns out well for you and Vernon, Chandler. Make the Gator Nation proud.
Outstanding Chandler. All the best to you in your NBA career.
You're welcome, Chandler. Let me thank you for all the fun you provided me during your career at UF. Being a HUGE fan of yours, I have enjoyed watching your maturation as a person and player. Stay true to yourself and play like you play. The stat sheet will be heavy, and it'll all be good. Go Gators!!
And as I've said in here before, you're the man Adam. Awesome series with Chandler.
Good luck, Chandler. I was happy to see you get drafted by a good organization in Houston and I wish you the best of luck in your NBA career.


Synopsis : One in five people with diabetes miss up to 15 working hours per month due to low blood sugar.
One in five people with diabetes miss up to 15 working hours per month due to low blood sugar.
Nearly one in five people with diabetes are regularly unable to attend a full day at work due to disruption caused by episodes of dangerously low blood sugar, known as a hypoglycaemic event.
A new survey, focusing on productivity loss following hypoglycaemic events, was published today in the journal Value in Health. The survey was conducted with 1,404 people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes who had reported a hypoglycaemic event in the preceding month, in the US, UK, Germany and France.
Average loss of workplace productivity, per person, per month, due to a night-time or nocturnal hypoglycaemic event, was 14.7 hours for those missing work. That equated to an estimated dollar value of $2,294 in lost productivity per person, per year*.
Hypoglycaemic events are prone to happen during the night and one in five persons (22.7%) arrived late for work or missed a full day of work as a result of a nocturnal episode. Events occurring during work hours resulted in 18.3% of people either having to leave work early or miss a full day.
"Many people with diabetes struggle with hypoglycaemia on a regular basis," said lead researcher and health psychologist Dr. Meryl Brod. "This not only has an impact on their working lives, but increases the need to self-monitor blood glucose levels. Additionally, the events occurring during sleep are a challenge for people with diabetes."
The survey also revealed that patients conducted 5.6 extra blood glucose tests to measure their blood sugar in the next seven days after the event and 24.9% contacted a healthcare professional (either primary care physician, hospital, diabetes clinic, or other healthcare worker) as a result of the event. Among patients using insulin, 25% reported decreasing their insulin dose following the event.
Maintaining strict glycemic control has long-term advantages for people with diabetes in reducing complications. Symptoms of a hypoglycaemic event, when the blood sugar becomes too low, often include pounding heart, trembling, hunger, sweating, difficulty concentrating or confusion. People with diabetes, treated with insulin, can experience 1-3 events per month.
The complete study can be found in the July issue of Value in Health and also online at: www.valueinhealthjournal.com/. The study was sponsored by Novo Nordisk.
In one generation, the prevalence of diabetes has increased six-fold worldwide. Estimates show that there were some 285 million people with diabetes in 2010, and it is expected to affect 438 million by 2030.
More than 50% of people with diabetes are unaware of their condition.
Diabetes caused close to 4 million deaths globally, close to 7% of total world mortality in 2010, which is a 5.5% increase on figures for 2007. Diabetes is the fourth leading cause of death by disease globally.
In 2010, global spending on diabetes totaled at least USD 376 billion and this is predicted to exceed USD 490 billion by 2030.
*This is an aggregate number and does not account for differences in reimbursement that may exist in each country.


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TRENDS: Interchangeable coin necklaces
FeaturesOtherTrends by Staff Writer	on 19th November 2012
We chart the rise of the latest hot jewellery trend to hit the UK.
We've had charm bracelets, bead bracelets and crystal bead bracelets, but what about collectible neckwear? Rachael Taylor asks if a new wave of brands offering interchangeable coin necklaces could hold the answer to the never-ending question of what the next big craze in jewellery will be.
Ever since the explosion of the Pandora phenomenon the question that has constantly been on every jewellery retailer's lips is what is the next big thing?
This question was answered last year when the crystal bead bracelets burst onto the scene and transformed the market. The craze hit fast and strong and has been bolstering turnover at most retailers since last Christmas.
Crystal bead bracelet sales are still going strong, but that doesn't quell the eternal question of what's next. Professional Jeweller tipped the crystal bead trend back in September last year and this year we have a new suggestion – the interchangeable coin necklace.
The concept of the necklace boils down to its three parts: the long-length chain, the pendant or holder and the coin. Each is sold separately and is completely interchangeable, offering up endless combinations, and because of this the trend has that magic ingredient needed for all jewellery phenomena – the opportunity for repeat business through a collectible product.
As with most jewellery crazes, this product has built up a strong following already elsewhere in Europe, including Ireland where distributor IBB Dublin has been selling its Mi Moneda brand of pendants into stores there for the past year.
IBB Dublin has secured more than 40 stockists for the Mi Moneda brand in its first year, and the brand is still growing. It launched in Ireland in October last year and had already signed up 15 stores by Christmas 2011 and by this Christmas it expects the tally to rise to 70.
Mi Moneda has proved so successful that IBB Dublin is pushing into the UK for the first time. It tested the brand with retailer John Greed from June through to August and the feedback was positive. John Greed has now reordered and is now getting ready to sell the brand online.
IBB Dublin has talks lined up with a swathe of leading independent retailers over the next few weeks and plans to hire a full-time rep based in the UK by January. It is also planning to exhibit at The Jewellery Show in Birmingham in February for the first time.
"In the last two months we have really seen a pick up," says Mi Moneda brand manager Lyndsey Dunne. "We've never experienced this kind of cult following with a brand. We think it's going to be big. We had one retailer who did £7,500 in four weeks."
Prices for the Mi Moneda pendants are not astronomical, with the retail price of a mid-range pendant, coin and chain sitting at £100 for the three. It also has coins that sell for as little as £5. While the chain and pendants are sterling silver, the coins are base metal so it keeps prices low. Mi Moneda also has a range of men's pendants.
Dutch brand Nikki Lissoni, distributed in the UK and Ireland by DMJ, offers a similar product to Mi Moneda. The jewellery is all base metal but is cast, rather than stamped, and is plated with gold or silver that has been protected with a nano coating.
DMJ launched the brand a year ago and has signed up 70 stockists since then and the company says that it is experiencing a healthy level of reordering. "We've had in it a number of House of Fraser stores and their sales have been quite positive," says DMJ's Darren McCormick. "The ones that we had in House of Fraser on Oxford Street [in London] did really well during the Olympics. It seems to be a growth area and we have had a lot of retailers asking for imagery for Christmas catalogues."
While the necklaces seem to be proving popular, the key to this trend is its collectible nature. So for it to be a success, customers should be returning to stores to buy additional coins to grow their collections, which is something that McCormick says is happening.
"The best way for me to judge is to look at the resales, and we are getting them through," he says. "And we are starting to see more orders coming through of just the coins."
Dov Getter, who was named as a CMJ Business Big Shot in the Professional Jeweller Hot 100 this year, is also planning on cashing in on this new jewellery craze. He is the man behind the successful Lucet Mundi brand that captured the imagination of consumers and some major retailers with its timely collection of crystal bead bracelets and he has now identified this style of interchangeable coin pendants as the next big thing.
"At Lucet Mundi we do the things that are trendy and that everyone is after," says Getter. "In the same way that I saw the crystal beads and thought that they would be a winner, now I see the pendants."
Getter has created a new range within Lucet Mundi called My Mundi of base metal coins and 925 silver pendants and chains. While brands such as Mi Moneda and Nikki Lissoni have huge ranges of coins ranging from Swarovski crystals to engraving and enamel, My Mundi will focus on just one design element – the same crystals used in its crystal bead bracelets.
The brand has a wide selection of colourways of crystal-studded coins and has created a stack-style point of sale display and has sourced a velvet pouch for the packaging. Getter says that he has had positive conversations with his existing Lucet Mundi retailers, which he says he will target first, as well as multiple retailers, and adds that he believes the brand could be a good fit with airlines.
The My Mundi range will be ready to hit stockists from mid October and Getter says that he hopes to have 40 accounts signed up by Christmas.
"I think the craze is going to start this Christmas, and it'll be a good start, but I think the real hype will only start next year as it takes time to get to market and for people to see it in the shops," says Getter. "The whole style is very different, it's not something that people have seen, just like the crystal bead bracelets were."
While there can never be a cast iron answer to the question of what the next big craze will be, it seems that with a huge interest already from retailers and a number of trendsetting distributors cottoning on to the product, the interchangeable coin necklace is certainly one to watch for in the next year, or perhaps even this Christmas.
This feature was taken from the October issue of Professional Jeweller. To read the issue online, click here.
Tags : coin necklacescoinsinterchangeablemi monedamy mundiNikki Lissonitrends
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Student Employee -SE- Level 1, Step 1, was set at the State of Michigan minimum wage.
Steps can be used for optional raises, initiated by the department.
A fourth option "SEQ" is available for highly skilled positions requiring pay rate exceptions beyond SE3.3. There are no steps for SEQ level.
In the rare instance when a pay rate above $20 per hour is justified, documentation must be provided by the hiring agent. These exceptions are reviewed and approved on a case-by-case basis.
SEQ Between $10.85 and $20 per hour. Rates above $20 per hour require prior approval.
SE1: Position requires minimal skill; training is provided. Direct supervision provided. Routine work with minimal judgment needed.
SE2: Position requires some skill development; can be brought to the position or learned on the job. Direct and indirect supervision is provided. Uses independent judgment within limits.
SE3: Position requires previous skill development. Indirect supervision provided. May provide work direction and supervision to other student employees. Uses independent judgment to solve problems.
SEQ: Position requires specialized skills. Works independently, with little to no supervision.
Change in rate requires submitting a new transaction through student employment online transactions.


During the holidays, all those Advent calendar chocolates, gravy-smothered holiday feasts and grandma's famous pies can really take their toll on your waistline. That's to say nothing about the eggnog and similar festive beverages at your office and family Christmas parties. With all these wintery treats before us, it's no surprise when researchers warn that the average American gains 5 lbs. or more every holiday season.
This might not seem like a massive number, but it can really add up over the years. Plus, as time progresses, that extra weight can cause hormone imbalances, insulin resistance and other side effects that make the weight pile on faster than Santa Claus coming down the chimney.
This winter, make a pledge to yourself that you'll find ways to work physical activity into your week. And because it's a festive season, get off that boring treadmill! With snow days and twinkling lights putting us all into a great mood, winter is the perfect time to enjoy the crisp outdoors, burn off a few calories and have so much fun while we're doing it that we don't even realize that it's — gasp — exercise!
When the DJ calls everyone onto the dance floor at your next holiday banquet, jingle it all the way! In just one hour of shaking it on the dance floor, the average 175-lb. adult burns 198 calories.
It's easy to break a sweat while you dust the cabinets to make room for your Christmas snow globes, and wiping down said snow globes before your mother-in-law comes over also burns a few calories. In fact, cleaning up your home for the next family holiday get-together burns almost 200 calories in an hour.
Head downhill and you'll burn off 330 calories worth of Christmas junkfood. Head crosscountry instead, and the calories burned jump to moer than 460 calories.
Snowshoeing is the perfect way to immerse yourself in nature and squeeze a hike into even the most snowy of days. This classic Christmas pasttime will burn you almost 530 calories in an hour.
Take a brisk walk around the neighborhood after dinner, and you'll burn just over 250 calories. The fresh air can wake you up after indulging in a bit too much food. Research has shown that daily walks can also brighten your mood, the perfect way to keep a cheerful attitude when the days are cold and short (and when family awkwardness often bubbles to the surface).


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Establishing the Incidence and Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in Saskatchewan
Lina H. Al-Sakran, Ruth Ann Marrie, David F. Blackburn, Katherine B. Knox, Charity D. Evans
Journal: Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Volume 45 / Issue 3 / May 2018
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 March 2018, pp. 295-303
Print publication: May 2018
Objective: To validate a case definition of multiple sclerosis (MS) using health administrative data and to provide the first province-wide estimates of MS incidence and prevalence for Saskatchewan, Canada. Methods: We used population-based health administrative data between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 2015 to identify individuals with MS using two potential case definitions: (1) ≥3 hospital, physician, or prescription claims (Marrie definition); (2) ≥1 hospitalization or ≥5 physician claims within 2 years (Canadian Chronic Disease Surveillance System [CCDSS] definition). We validated the case definitions using diagnoses from medical records (n=400) as the gold standard. Results: The Marrie definition had a sensitivity of 99.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 92.3-99.2), specificity of 98.5% (95% CI 97.3-100.0), positive predictive value (PPV) of 99.5% (95% CI 97.2-100.0), and negative predictive value (NPV) of 97.5% (95% CI 94.4-99.2). The CCDSS definition had a sensitivity of 91.0% (95% CI 81.2-94.6), specificity of 99.0% (95% CI 96.4-99.9), PPV of 98.9% (95% CI 96.1-99.9), and NPV of 91.7% (95% CI 87.2-95.0). Using the more sensitive Marrie definition, the average annual adjusted incidence per 100,000 between 2001 and 2013 was 16.5 (95% CI 15.8-17.2), and the age- and sex-standardized prevalence of MS in Saskatchewan in 2013 was 313.6 per 100,000 (95% CI 303.0-324.3). Over the study period, incidence remained stable while prevalence increased slightly. Conclusion: We confirm Saskatchewan has one of the highest rates of MS in the world. Similar to other regions in Canada, incidence has remained stable while prevalence has gradually increased.
The effect of changes in nutrient demand on gastrointestinal parasitism in lactating rats
H. N. Normanton, J. G. M. Houdijk, N. S. Jessop, D. P. Knox, I. Kyriazakis
Journal: Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science / Volume 2005 / 2005
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 23 November 2017, p. 12
Add to cart £25.00 Added An error has occurred,
A recent study carried out by Houdijk et al (2005), used a rodent model to assess whether a reduction in protein scarcity during lactation resulted in a reduced degree of parasitism. Feeding high protein foods resulted in a reduced worm burden, but was confounded with increased food intake per se. Therefore, effects observed on parasitism may not necessarily have been associated with an increased protein supply, but with changes in the gut environment due to the increased food intake. Before this model can be used to assess the underlying immune responses, further work is needed to verify that the effects observed are indeed related to changes in nutrient supply. This experiment aimed to provide further evidence on the nutritional control of parasitism during lactation by manipulating nutrient demand. It was expected that the latter would not be associated with changes in food intake per se and results could therefore be used to exclude the influence of non-immunological changes in the gut environment as a contributing factor of reduced parasitism.
NSP Enzymes For Broiler Diets Containing Barley
P J Blanchard, J H Ward, D Feuerstein, A Knox
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 November 2017, p. 207
Non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) content of barley is predominately in the form of β-glucan, whereas in wheat it is predominately pentosans (containing the sugars arabinose and xylose). It has generally been accepted therefore that a high level of β-glucanase is needed in broiler diets containing barley, whereas wheat based diets require a high level of endoxylanase. Trials have however previously suggested that including an endoxylanase based enzyme in broiler diets will perform at least as well as enzyme containing highlevels of β-glucanase in diets containing up to 30% barley. To confirm this finding, a trial was initiated at Roslin Institute, Edinburgh to compare the effectiveness of Natugrain Blend 66% (an endoxylanase based product) against Natugrain 33% (endoxylanase/β-glucanase product) in diets containing up to 30% barley.
The Explorer of Diffuse Galactic Emission (EDGE)
R. F. Silverberg, E. S. Cheng, D. A. Cottingham, D. J. Fixsen, L. Knox, S. S. Meyer, P. T. Timbie, G. W. Wilson
Journal: Highlights of Astronomy / Volume 13 / 2005
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 March 2016, p. 971
The details of the formation of the first objects, stars and galaxies and their subsequent evolution remain a cosmological unknown. Few observational probes of these processes exist. The Cosmic Infrared Background (CIB) originates from this era and measurements of its anisotropy can provide information to test models of both galaxy evolution and the growth of primordial structure. Such measurements should provide a sensitive probe of the large-scale variation in protogalaxy density at redshifts, z ~ 0.5-3, while optical galaxy surveys provide complementary information at z < 0.5 and Lyman alpha absorption forest studies and Cosmic Microwave Background measurements add information at higher redshifts.
Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus transmission in households of infected cases: a pooled analysis of primary data from three studies across international settings
J. KNOX, M. VAN RIJEN, A.-C. UHLEMANN, M. MILLER, C. HAFER, P. VAVAGIAKIS, Q. SHI, P. D. R. JOHNSON, G. COOMBS, M. KLUYTMANS-VAN DEN BERGH, J. KLUYTMANS, C. M. BENNETT, F. D. LOWY
Journal: Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 143 / Issue 2 / January 2015
Diverse strain types of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cause infections in community settings worldwide. To examine heterogeneity of spread within households and to identify common risk factors for household transmission across settings, primary data from studies conducted in New York (USA), Breda (The Netherlands), and Melbourne (Australia) were pooled. Following MRSA infection of the index patient, household members completed questionnaires and provided nasal swabs. Swabs positive for S. aureus were genotyped by spa sequencing. Poisson regression with robust error variance was used to estimate prevalence odds ratios for transmission of the clinical isolate to non-index household members. Great diversity of strain types existed across studies. Despite differences between studies, the index patient being colonized with the clinical isolate at the home visit (P < 0·01) and the percent of household members aged <18 years (P < 0·01) were independently associated with transmission. Targeted decolonization strategies could be used across geographical settings to limit household MRSA transmission.
By James Ahn, Eric L. Anderson, Annette L. Beautrais, Dennis Beedle, Jon S. Berlin, Benjamin L. Bregman, Peter Brown, Suzie Bruch, Jonathan Busko, Stuart Buttlaire, Laurie Byrne, Gerald Carroll, Valerie A. Carroll, Margaret Cashman, Joseph R. Check, Lara G. Chepenik, Robert N. Cuyler, Preeti Dalawari, Suzanne Dooley-Hash, William R. Dubin, Mila L. Felder, Avrim B. Fishkind, Reginald I. Gaylord, Rachel Lipson Glick, Travis Grace, Clare Gray, Anita Hart, Ross A. Heller, Amanda E. Horn, David S. Howes, David C. Hsu, Andy Jagoda, Margaret Judd, John Kahler, Daryl Knox, Gregory Luke Larkin, Patricia Lee, Jerrold B. Leikin, Eddie Markul, Marc L. Martel, J. D. McCourt, MaryLynn McGuire Clarke, Mark Newman, Anthony T. Ng, Barbara Nightengale, Kimberly Nordstrom, Jagoda Pasic, Jennifer Peltzer-Jones, Marcia A. Perry, Larry Phillips, Paul Porter, Seth Powsner, Michael S. Pulia, Erin Rapp, Divy Ravindranath, Janet S. Richmond, Silvana Riggio, Harvey L. Ruben, Derek J. Robinson, Douglas A. Rund, Omeed Saghafi, Alicia N. Sanders, Jeffrey Sankoff, Lorin M. Scher, Louis Scrattish, Richard D. Shih, Maureen Slade, Susan Stefan, Victor G. Stiebel, Deborah Taber, Vaishal Tolia, Gary M. Vilke, Alvin Wang, Michael A. Ward, Joseph Weber, Michael P. Wilson, James L. Young, Scott L. Zeller
Edited by Leslie S. Zun
Edited in association with Lara G. Chepenik, Mary Nan S. Mallory
Book: Behavioral Emergencies for the Emergency Physician
Print publication: 21 March 2013, pp viii-xii
Changes in protein expression in the sheep abomasum following trickle infection with Teladorsagia circumcincta
ALAN D. PEMBERTON, JEREMY K. BROWN, NICKY M. CRAIG, JUDITH PATE, KEVIN McLEAN, NEIL F. INGLIS, DAVID KNOX, PAMELA A. KNIGHT
Journal: Parasitology / Volume 139 / Issue 3 / March 2012
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 November 2011, pp. 375-385
Continual low-level exposure of sheep to the helminth Teladorsagia circumcincta elicits a temporary protective immunity, where factors in the immune abomasal mucosa prevent penetration of infective larvae, but which is essentially lost within 6 weeks of cessation of parasite challenge. Here, a proteomic approach was used to identify proteins that are differentially regulated in immune compared to naïve sheep, as potential key mediators of immunity. Six naïve sheep and 12 sheep trickle-infected with T. circumcincta were treated with anthelmintic, and the naïve (control) and 6 immune sheep were killed 7 days later. The remaining 6 sheep (immune waning) were killed 42 days after anthelmintic treatment. Abomasal tissue samples were subjected to 2D-gel electrophoresis and densitometric analysis. Selected spots (n=73) were identified by peptide mass fingerprinting and confirmatory Western blotting was carried out for 10 proteins. Spots selectively up-regulated in immune versus control, but not immune waning versus control sheep, included galectin-15 and thioredoxin, which were confirmed by Western blotting. In immune sheep, serum albumin was significantly down-regulated and albumin proteolytic cleavage fragments were increased compared to controls. Unexpectedly, albumin mRNA was relatively highly expressed in control mucosa, down-regulated in immune, and was immunolocalized to mucus-producing epithelial cells. Thus we have identified differential expression of a number of proteins following T. circumcincta trickle infection that may play a role in host protection and inhibition of parasite establishment.
Transmission and control in an institutional pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 outbreak
N. ARINAMINPATHY, N. RAPHAELY, L. SALDANA, C. HODGEKISS, J. DANDRIDGE, K. KNOX, N. D. McCARTHY
Journal: Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 140 / Issue 6 / June 2012
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 23 August 2011, pp. 1102-1110
A pandemic influenza A(H1N1) 2009 outbreak in a summer school affected 117/276 (42%) students. Residential social contact was associated with risk of infection, and there was no evidence for transmission associated with the classroom setting. Although the summer school had new admissions each week, which provided susceptible students the outbreak was controlled using routine infection control measures (isolation of cases, basic hygiene measures and avoidance of particularly high-risk social events) and prompt treatment of cases. This was in the absence of chemoprophylaxis or vaccination and without altering the basic educational activities of the school. Modelling of the outbreak allowed estimation of the impact of interventions on transmission. These models and follow-up surveillance supported the effectiveness of routine infection control measures to stop the spread of influenza even in this high-risk setting for transmission.
By Giustino Albanese, Andrew Amaranto, Brandon H. Backlund, Alexander Baxter, Abraham Berger, Mark Bernstein, Marian E. Betz, Omar Bholat, Suzanne Bigelow, Carl Bonnett, Elizabeth Borock, Christopher B. Colwell, Alasdair Conn, Moira Davenport, David Dreitlein, Aaron Eberhardt, Ugo A. Ezenkwele, Diana Felton, Spiros G. Frangos, John E. Frank, Jonathan S. Gates, Lewis Goldfrank, Pinchas Halpern, Jean Hammel, Kristin E. Harkin, Jason S. Haukoos, E. Parker Hays, Aaron Hexdall, James F. Holmes, Debra Houry, Jennifer Isenhour, Andy Jagoda, John L. Kendall, Erica Kreisman, Nancy Kwon, Eric Legome, Matthew R. Levine, Phillip D. Levy, Charles Little, Marion Machado, Heather Mahoney, Vincent J. Markovchick, Nancy Martin, John Marx, Julie Mayglothling, Ron Medzon, Maurizio A. Miglietta, Elizabeth L. Mitchell, Ernest Moore, Maria E. Moreira, Sassan Naderi, Salvatore Pardo, Sajan Patel, David Peak, Christine Preblick, Niels K. Rathlev, Charles Ray, Phillip L. Rice, Carlo L. Rosen, Peter Rosen, Livia Santiago-Rosado, Tamara A. Scerpella, David Schwartz, Fred Severyn, Kaushal Shah, Lee W. Shockley, Mari Siegel, Matthew Simons, Michael Stern, D. Matthew Sullivan, Carrie D. Tibbles, Knox H. Todd, Shawn Ulrich, Neil Waldman, Kurt Whitaker, Stephen J. Wolf, Daniel Zlogar
Edited by Eric Legome, Lee W. Shockley
Book: Trauma
Print publication: 16 June 2011, pp ix-xiv
A New Technique for Determining Midgap States and Hole Localization in a-Si:H Devices
Vikarm L. Dalal, Ralph D. Knox
Journal: MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 192 / 1990
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 February 2011, 713
We describe a technique for measuring localization of holes in mid-gap states in high quality a-Si:H devices. The localization of holes is determined by measuring quantum efficiency of a-Si:H devices as a function of reverse bias voltage and wavelength of light. It is shown that the QE of localized holes increases significantly upon application of high electric fields, whereas the QE of de-localized holes does not show such a behavior. The voltage-induced increase in QE is explained using a Frenkel-Poole tunneling model. It is also shown that the density of mid-gap states (states in which holes are localized) increases significantly upon light soaking, and that a major consequence of this increase in mid-gap density is a decrease in the electric field in the device. The decrease in electric field is experimentally estimated by fitting the increased current due to tunneling to the expression for Frenkel-Poole tunneling.
Mechanism of Interdiffusion in Hg1-XXxTe/CdTe Superlattices (X = Cd, Mn, AND Zn)
J.-L. Staudenmann, R. D. Knox, J.-P. Faurie
Journal: MRS Online Proceedings Library Archive / Volume 93 / 1987
The interdiffusion mechanism in Hg(l-x)X(x)Te/CdTe superlattices where X is Cd, Mn, or Zn can be deduced from the magnitude of the interdiffusion activation energy. By comparing in-situ x-ray diffraction measurements (our work) with results from Tang and Stevenson (J. Vac. Sci. Technol. AS, 1987), it is found that anionic and cationic Frenkel pairs represent the most likely interdiffusion mechanism in Hg(l-x)X(x)Te/CdTe superlattices. This model mixes vacancies and interstitials, as well as maintaining the conduction type and the electronic mobility. It is further shown that interdiffusion sets in as soon as the growth starts.
An Investigation of the Influence of Plasma Characteristics on the Electronic and Optical Properties of Device Quality a-Si:H Grown by Electron Cyclotron Resonance Plasma Deposition
Ralph D. Knox, V. L. Dalal, B. Moradi
The electronic and optical properties of device quality hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films grown by electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma deposition were studied together with in-situ plasma characteristics. Hydrogen and helium plasmas, excited by 50–250 watts of 2.45 GHz microwave power under ECR conditions, were used to decompose silane at 6 to 20 mtorr pressures during the deposition of a-Si:H films at a 297 C substrate temperature. Both the electron temperature and density, and ion flux are measured near the deposition surface using plane and cylindrical Langmuir probes. An attempt is made to correlate these plasma properties with the light and dark photoconductivity, optical gap, refractive index, and subband gap photoconductivity.
Rapid restoration of immunity to parasites in lactating rats by changing nutrient demand
P. Sakkas, L. A. Jones, J. G. M. Houdijk, D. P. Knox, I. Kyriazakis
Journal: Proceedings of the Nutrition Society / Volume 69 / Issue OCE6 / 2010
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 19 November 2010, E397
Resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes during the periparturient period is sensitive to specific amino acid deficiency
P Sakkas, L A Jones, J G M. Houdijk, D P Knox, I Kyriazakis
Journal: Advances in Animal Biosciences / Volume 1 / Issue 1 / April 2010
'Feral' and 'wild'-type methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the United Kingdom
R. MILLER, A. S. WALKER, K. KNOX, D. WYLLIE, J. PAUL, E. HAWORTH, D. MANT, T. PETO, D. W. CROOK
Journal: Epidemiology & Infection / Volume 138 / Issue 5 / May 2010
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 14 December 2009, pp. 655-665
Circulation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outside hospitals could alter the impact of hospital-based control strategies. We investigated two groups of cases (each matched to controls with MRSA): 61 'community cases' not in acute hospital in the year before MRSA isolation; and 21 cases with ciprofloxacin-sensitive (CipS) MRSA. Multi-locus sequence typing, spa-typing and Panton–Valentine leukocidin gene testing were performed and demographics obtained. Additional questionnaires were completed by community case GPs. Community cases comprised 6% of Oxfordshire MRSA. Three community cases had received no regular healthcare or antibiotics: one was infected with CipS. Ninety-one percent of community cases had healthcare-associated sequence type (ST)22/36; CipS MRSA cases had heterogeneous STs but many had recent healthcare exposure. A substantial minority of UK MRSA transmission may occur outside hospitals. Hospital strains are becoming 'feral' or persisting in long-term carriers in the community with regular healthcare contacts; those with recent healthcare exposure may nevertheless acquire non-hospital epidemic MRSA strains in the community.
Resistance to parasites in lactating rats is sensitive to protein but not energy supply
P. Sakkas, L. Jones, J. G. M. Houdijk, D. P. Knox, I. Kyriazakis
daf-7-related TGF-β homologues from Trichostrongyloid nematodes show contrasting life-cycle expression patterns
H. J. McSORLEY, J. R. GRAINGER, Y. HARCUS, J. MURRAY, A. J. NISBET, D. P. KNOX, R. M. MAIZELS
Journal: Parasitology / Volume 137 / Issue 1 / January 2010
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 August 2009, pp. 159-171
The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) gene family regulates critical processes in animal development, and plays a crucial role in regulating the mammalian immune response. We aimed to identify TGF-β homologues from 2 laboratory model nematodes (Heligmosomoides polygyrus and Nippostrongylus brasiliensis) and 2 major parasites of ruminant livestock (Haemonchus contortus and Teladorsagia circumcincta). Parasite cDNA was used as a template for gene-specific PCR and RACE. Homologues of the TGH-2 subfamily were isolated, and found to differ in length (301, 152, 349 and 305 amino acids respectively), with variably truncated N-terminal pre-proteins. All contained conserved C-terminal active domains (>85% identical over 115 amino acids) containing 9 cysteine residues, as in C. elegans DAF-7, Brugia malayi TGH-2 and mammalian TGF-β. Surprisingly, only the H. contortus homologue retained a conventional signal sequence, absent from shorter proteins of other species. RT-PCR assays of transcription showed that in H. contortus and N. brasiliensis expression was maximal in the infective larval stage, and very low in adult worms. In contrast, in H. polygyrus and T. circumcincta, tgh-2 transcription is higher in adults than infective larvae. The molecular evolution of this gene family in parasitic nematodes has diversified the pre-protein and life-cycle expression patterns of TGF-β homologues while conserving the structure of the active domain.
Molecular characterization, expression and localization of a peroxiredoxin from the sheep scab mite, Psoroptes ovis
C. M. McNAIR, A. J. NISBET, P. F. BILLINGSLEY, D. P. KNOX
Journal: Parasitology / Volume 136 / Issue 4 / April 2009
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 06 February 2009, pp. 453-460
The sheep scab mite, Psoroptes ovis, induces an intensely pruritic exudative dermatitis which is responsible for restlessness, loss of appetite and weight loss. Within the first 24 h of infection, there is a rapid inflammatory influx of eosinophils and apoptosis of the keratinocytes at the site of infection. The former cell type is capable of a sustained respiratory burst, toxic products of which may directly damage the mite and also contribute to lesion formation. Analysis of a P. ovis expressed sequence tag (EST) database identified a number of antioxidant enzyme-encoding sequences, including peroxiredoxin (thioredoxin peroxidase EC 1.11.1.15), all of which may help the mite endure the potentially toxic skin environment. A full length sequence encoding Po-TPx, a protein of 206 amino acids which showed high homology to a peroxiredoxin from the salivary gland of the tick Ixodes scapularis, was amplified from P. ovis cDNA. Recombinant Po-TPx was expressed in bacteria and antiserum to this protein was used to localize native Po-TPx in mite sections. Peroxiredoxin was localized, amongst other sites, to a subpharyngeal region in mite sections. The recombinant protein was recognized by sera from sheep infested with the mite suggesting that it may be secreted or excreted by the mite and interact with the host immune response.
Attitudes toward genetic testing and personalised nutrition in a representative sample of European consumers
Barbara J. Stewart-Knox, Brendan P. Bunting, Sarah Gilpin, Heather J. Parr, Silvia Pinhão, J. J. Strain, Maria D. V. de Almeida, Mike Gibney
Journal: British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 101 / Issue 7 / 14 April 2009
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 08 September 2008, pp. 982-989
Print publication: 14 April 2009
Negative consumer opinion poses a potential barrier to the application of nutrigenomic intervention. The present study has aimed to determine attitudes toward genetic testing and personalised nutrition among the European public. An omnibus opinion survey of a representative sample aged 14–55+ years (n 5967) took place in France, Italy, Great Britain, Portugal, Poland and Germany during June 2005 as part of the Lipgene project. A majority of respondents (66 %) reported that they would be willing to undergo genetic testing and 27 % to follow a personalised diet. Individuals who indicated a willingness to have a genetic test for the personalising of their diets were more likely to report a history of high blood cholesterol levels, central obesity and/or high levels of stress than those who would have a test only for general interest. Those who indicated that they would not have a genetic test were more likely to be male and less likely to report having central obesity. Individuals with a history of high blood cholesterol were less likely than those who did not to worry if intervention foods contained GM ingredients. Individuals who were aware that they had health problems associated with the metabolic syndrome appeared particularly favourable toward nutrigenomic intervention. These findings are encouraging for the future application of personalised nutrition provided that policies are put in place to address public concern about how genetic information is used and held.
Dietary habits and the metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Europeans
H. Parr, B. Stewart-Knox, B. Bunting, S. Pinhão, M. D. V. de Almeida, M. J. Gibney
Journal: Proceedings of the Nutrition Society / Volume 67 / Issue OCE7 / May 2008
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 13 January 2009, E250


Representative Steve Cohen (D-TN) has introduced federal legislation that would establish a National Commission on Federal Marijuana Policy. The proposed commission, inspired by the 1971 Shafer Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, would be tasked with undertaking a comprehensive review of how federal policy should interact with state laws that make marijuana legal for medicinal and personal use, the cost of our current marijuana prohibition and potential revenue from marijuana regulation and taxation, the impact of federal banking and tax laws on marijuana related businesses, the health benefits of risk of marijuana use, the public safety and criminal justice implications of marijuana prohibition compared with regulation, and the effects of marijuana prohibition and potential regulation on our international relationships and treaties.
Representative Steve Cohen is joined by Representatives Jared Polis (D-CO), Earl Blumenhauer (D-OR), Jim Moran (D-VA), and Sam Farr (D-CA).
Join NORML and federal legislators in calling for a "serious national conversation" on regulating marijuana.
Click here to quickly and easily contact your Representative and urge him or her to support this legislation.
Stop wasting resources and peoples lives and time.
Stop funneling money into the hands of the enemy.
Start accepting payment of a legitimate right and the enterprises making profit on it.
Prohibition failed on all fronts.
It has also failed regarding firearms and weapons.
Nothing should be a crime which does not hurt another.
The bill text isn't online yet. If enacted this session, at what point in time would the commission have to report its findings?
Drug Czar Gil Kerlikowski also said he doesn't believe that Colorado and Washington are indicative of public opinion, among other questionable commets.
I just wanted to express my disagreement with the statement made in the image at the top of this article (http://assets.blog.norml.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/10/Screen-shot-2011-10-17-at-2.57.26-PM.png). Under current law in Michigan, I'm already taxed by the state to the tune of $100 annually for my medical marijuana registry card. There are taxes on the electricity and other utility expenses that I incur in the process of growing for personal use. Over the course of America's history we've gone from being able to pay taxes with cannabis to being licensed and taxed for the privilege of growing it, and you see nothing wrong with this picture? Aren't we taxed, fined, imprisoned, and persecuted enough already?
This is great news! It could speed things up a lot for D.C. and the rest of the country. D.C. won't have to wait for their ballot initiative to pass, then have to worry about the next Bob Barr if this progresses. If it stagnates, nothing changes.
I hope this legislation gets feet and goes somewhere. The sooner cannabis is legalized the better.
I'm glad to hear there are people with a loud voice going up to bat for us. However from recent comments made by Holder and drug czar Gil it sounds like they are working on letting us down easy so there is not an uprising when that big federal boot comes stomping down on the will of the people.
Hey brother, there's that Shafer Commission you were talking about.
PS–hope you saw my last post to you before the heading changed. It's always cool.
SIgn my petition to reclassify marijuana!!!!!
aiyo weed is cool yo smoke a blunt yo. word!


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Citywide Public Health Emergency Extended Through May 1
Lido Beach and the Van Wezel Performing Arts Hall also remain closed.
By Staff April 24, 2020
The City of Sarasota has extended its declaration of a local citywide public health emergency through May 1 following a weekly review, as required by the city charter, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The emergency order also waives building permit fees for construction necessary to rehabilitate structures and make them compatible with social distancing practices. The change is intended to facilitate building modifications, such as installing new air conditioning equipment with better filters, removing a wall or other changes meant to help prevent the spread or recurrence of coronavirus in the city.
Under the order, Lido Beach will also remain closed while the city continues to monitor local COVID-19 testing results and the advice of public health officials. The closure of the Van Wezel Performing Arts Hall has also been extended through at least June 15.
Additionally, the public is very strongly urged to wear protective masks when leaving home to conduct essential activities, and to acquire protective masks if they have not already. Florida citizens are to remain in their homes except to conduct essential activities under Gov. Ron DeSantis' "Safer at Home" executive order. Social gatherings of more than 10 people are prohibited on public and private property in the City of Sarasota.
Sarasota County to Open Beaches With Restrictions; Lido Beach to Remain Closed
04/22/2020 By Staff
Does DeSantis's Safer-At-Home Order Really Change Anything?
04/02/2020 By Susan Burns
Our New Normal: Scenes From a Masked Sarasota
04/24/2020 Photography by Barbara Banks
At Home Health
In-Home Vaccinations Now Available to Sarasota County Residents
01/18/2023 By Isaac Eger


More Info: one month rent on deposit. Lease is one year at a time, with a 60 day notice to terminate.
2380 Wycliff has single offices for lease with rents starting as low as $ 200.00 per month. The executive suites include a shared kitchen, copier and conference room. Great for start-ups.
Address: 2380 Wycliff St. Suite B-200 More Info: Rent is \$ 12.00 per sq. ft. The available space is 770 sq. ft. and rent is \$ 770.00 per month. Rent includes building utilities and operating expenses. Tenant pays for janitorial inside the suite and telecommunications. Has two windows.
Suite 104 is 900 sq. ft. It rents for $ 1425.00 per month. Rent includes all utilities and common area charges. Tenants pay their own janitorial and telecommunicaitons.
Address: 661 LaSalle Street St. Paul, MN More Info: Suites range from 1500 to 7700 sq. ft. free parking, one block from Raymond Station on the Green Line. Rental rate is $19.00 to $19.50 per sq. ft. modified gross. 22,000 sq. ft. office in new three story office building. Currently no space available.


White shirts are perennial fashion staples. We have a comprehensive range of premium white fabrics, and it is our endeavor to offer the broadest range of high quality white shirts. We produce fabrics from the finest extra long staple cotton from the USA (Pima), Egypt ( Giza 88) and India (DCH32). Our fabrics are consistent and with a high whiteness index. We have the Oekotex certification ensuring a product that conforms to rigorous consumer safety stipulations. Dobbies, linen, and linen-cotton blended fabric shirts complement our fine count cotton shirt offerings.


regulations which has impacted a job?
Large building projects , such as extensions, will often require special planning permission for the go-ahead. Depending on what area you reside in, this can often be a rather lengthy and frustrating process. Your project manager should be able to give you some help and advice on how to proceed with things.
However, in some instances, you come across issues with planning permission, be it delays, lost cases or even being denied planning once the construction has started. Not only will this put a spanner in the works on your building project, but it can also leave you in a tough spot with the builders. The same applies if you are the project manager or a builder and the homeowner has failed to get the necessary permission from the local council.
If you find yourself in a position of being stuck in a planning and building permission dispute, there are several things that you can do in order to resolve and rectify the issue. Read on to find out some of the options that are available to you.
The first step is to get all of the contract and documents relating to the project at hand. You will want to sift through these and see what clauses were built in. What does it say about building permission? Who is at fault if the building permission is not grated. A good contract will state whose responsibility it is to apply for the building work. By first going over the contracts with a fine tooth comb, you can know exactly where you stand and how to proceed. For larger projects, you may even want to hire the help of a knowledgeable property lawyer who may be able to spot things that you might have missed.
Once armed with your knowledge of the contracts, you should start to communicate with the other party. If you're a homeowner and you think the project manager is to blame, then clearly state your case to them. Tell them what you found in the contract and how you think the issue should be resolved by them. On the other hand, if your the project manager, and you feel like the homeowner should have been responsible for the planning permission, then point out the area in the contract that backs up your case.
After talking things through, you should see if you can come to a mutual agreement about the situation and the best ways to proceed. Perhaps this will be putting a hold on the building work until permission is granted. Or it may be that someone needs to reapply or appeal a decision. Either way, look for solutions and see what you can both agree on.
If the contract does not mention much about planning permission, or perhaps you are having trouble communicating with the other party, then you may want to seek the help of a mediator.
A construction specialist mediator is a well-trained individual whose main job is to attempt to bring two parties together in a resolution.
They have the skills to calmly and quickly find the best solution.
Although meditation will cost you, it will be sure to save you time and money and a lot of hassle too.
Follow the above tips and you will be on the way to coming to a resultion soon. Good luck.


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Selfridges launches "bike shop of the future"
Angell E-bikes Mate X Selfridges Smartech Superstrata
Selfridges has launched the "bike shop of the future" at its pop-up Corner Shop store selling a range of high-tech e-bikes. The iconic luxury department stores has thrown its considerable…
E-bike sales set to skyrocket as government announces £2bn scheme to create "new era for cycling"
Brompton cycling E-bikes e-scooter Grant Shapps HALFORDS
E-bike and e-scooter sales in the UK are set to skyrocket as the government prepares a £2 billion spending package "to create a new era for cycling and walking". As…
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With the exception of Thor, most of the Marvel Cinematic Universe' superheroes, spandex-clad or not, are Earthbound. Of course, there's the Guardians, but that's a different story. With Captain Marvel, we're getting our first real outer space superhero. Well, at least we're supposed to. If you didn't get that vibe with the first official trailer, then fret not. Trailer #2 has finally landed it's finally giving some space action worthy of a Kree noble warrior hero.
Captain Marvel, which premieres in a little over three months, is an important piece of the MCU puzzle. It is the studio's first standalone film with a female lead, who happens to be (arguably) the strongest woman in the galaxy. It will also be the film that links Avengers: Infinity War and the still to be named Avengers 4 film that launches a few months after it. In other words, there are a lot of things hedging on Captain Marvel's success, both in the box office as well as with critics.
The film also teeters between being an origin story and a prequel. Undoubtedly, fans will keep a critical eye on how the film will stay true to Carol Danvers' comics roots. At the same time, with a plot taking place way before even the first Avenger (or Iron Man for that matter), there's plenty of wiggle room for artistic license.
The second official trailer focuses on the war between the Kree and the Skrull, two alien races that seem to have an eternal enmity for each other. Of course, like any other alien war, our little blue planet is dragged into that chaos, willing or not. How Captain Marvel ties into this, as well as the other pieces of Marvel's film universe, is most likely going to be the thread that runs throughout the film.
Captain Marvel is set to premiere in March 2019, with final Avengers film following closely in May. Marvel fans will also have something else to look forward to this week as rumors claim that the Avengers 4 trailer will also debut really, really soon.


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FGM and Female Cutting: The Facts
FGM (Female Genital Mutilation) is the injury or removal of some or all of the external genitalia for reasons that are not medical or health-related. It is often referred to as 'cutting' or 'female circumcision' and is practised predominantly across Africa, the Middle East, and Asia. Sadly, it is more common than you might think. Statistically, according to the World Health Organization, an estimated 200 million girls and women have been cut. This article will tell you more about it, and answer some of the most common questions.
How Many Types of FGM Are There?
First of all, let's look at what external genitalia look like on a female body without FGM. Below, we can see that the vagina sits behind the urethra (where urine comes out), which is below the head of the clitoris. Around these three are the inner and outer labia. However, in female cutting, some or all of the labia and clitoris are removed.
External female genitalia. Image Credit: Brook
There are four main types of FGM. In Type 1, all or part of the clitoris is removed. In Type 2, the inner labia are also removed along with part or all of the outer labia. Meanwhile, Type 3, which is considered to be the most extreme, involves narrowing the vaginal opening with stitches. Which often comes with partial or total labia removal. Other injuries such as cutting, burning, or scraping are sometimes referred to as Type 4. Naturally, all of these types are painful, and can lead to further complications, which we talk about in more detail, later in this article.
Types of FGM. Image Credit: NESTAC
Sadly, when FGM is performed, the person doing the procedure is usually not a nurse or doctor. As such, there is usually no anaesthetic being used. In other words, it can be extremely painful for the person undergoing the procedure. The most common tools used are razor blades, knives, or even scissors. Thus, the rate of infection can also be extremely high.
What are the signs of FGM?
Cutting has no health benefits and can cause harm in many different ways. The procedure itself is extremely painful and causes bleeding which can be severe. As well as this, it can lead to infections, urinary problems, and even death in some cases.
Longer-term, people can experience problems with urination, menstruation (periods), childbirth. Additionally, it causes sexual issues such as pain, bleeding and decreased enjoyment of sex. The toll on mental health can include PTSD, anxiety, and depression.
Most at risk of cutting are girls between infancy and fifteen years of age. In countries where FGM is illegal such as the UK, girls are usually taken abroad during the summer to be cut as this allows more time to 'heal'.
Image credit: George Jr Kamau from Pexels
How Does Female Genital Mutilation Affect Childbirth?
Understandably, FGM can cause numerous problems during pregnancy and childbirth. These include severe bleeding, pain, and an increased risk of caesarian section for mothers. Meanwhile, there is an increased risk of breathing difficulties in the newborn baby. Women who have had type 3 FGM may need a surgical procedure called 'deinfibulation' to re-open the vagina.
If you are pregnant or trying for a baby and have been cut, it is important to tell your midwife. This is so they can support you with any additional care you and your baby might need. No healthcare professional will ever judge you, but it will help them to provide you with the right level of care.
Where is FGM Practiced the Most?
It is estimated that over 200 million women living today have been cut. Countries with the highest proportion (over 90% of girls and women) include Guinea, Mali, Sudan, Somalia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Egypt. Unfortunately, according to the UNFPA 72% of FGM is committed by a health professional, in Egypt. However, there are currently many programmes underway to help change attitudes and eradicate this harmful procedure.
Across the world, girls are cut for a wide range of reasons. These include cultural, religious, and societal reasons globally, including beliefs that it prevents adultery and increases the likelihood of marriage.
Image credit: BBC
Last year, over 6500 women and girls in the UK and half a million in the US were found to have been cut. The risk remains highest for girls being taken by their family to other countries for the procedure. As such, it is important to recognise some of the risks, and report any suspecting cases to the authorities. Readers can do this using the details given, below.
What is the penalty for FGM?
Cutting is classed as violence against women under Human Rights Law. In the UK it is illegal to perform female genital mutilation. At the same time, it is also illegal to help anyone else perform FGM, or take someone abroad for the procedure. Performing it can result in 14 years in prison, or 7 years for failing to protect a child from it.
Recently, FGM has been made illegal in 26 Middle Eastern and African countries. In addition to this, 33 countries with migrants from FGM-practising countries, including the USA and Australia, have also made the procedure illegal. Although the laws are enforced to varying degrees, the amount of girls and women being cut in most countries is falling.
Who should Female Genital Mutilation be reported to?
If you're from the UK:
Statements opposing FGM in various languages can be found from the UK government here
If you're worried that you may be taken abroad for FGM, you must call the police on 999
If you're abroad you can call the Foreign and Commonwealth Office +44 (0) 20 7008 1500
NSPCC FGM helpline 0800 028 3550 or fgmhelp@nspcc.org.uk.
If you're from the USA:
FGM-opposing statements in various languages from the US government here.
Tip line: 1-866-347-2423 or HRV.ICE@ice.dhs.gov
National Child Abuse Hotline open 24/7: 1-800-4-A-Child.
To find out more and support national and global efforts to end FGM, check out 28 Too Many and Forward UK.
Women talking about their personal experiences of FGM. Video credit: NHS via YouTube.
Stef is a medical doctor and public health specialist, with a passion for the prevention of illness. When she isn't working at her day job or trying to keep her plants alive, she often has her nose in a book or goes for a walk with an audiobook for company.


text:
using Bazy_projekt.ModelTableAdapters;
using System;
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using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
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using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace Bazy_projekt
{
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    /// Interaction logic for EditCollection.xaml
    /// </summary>
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    {
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        {
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
The Weekend Spread: Week 3
On September 14, 2018 July 22, 2019 By Bobby HowardIn Around the Big 12, Iowa State, News, Weekend Spread
Bobby: 5-3 (9-7)
Jamison: 4-4 (9-7)
Blake: 5-3 (9-7)
Two weeks down and the boys are tied at 9-7. While Jamison got a shocking Kansas win, he surrendered his lead on Bobby and Blake by picking Kansas State. Blake got a big win riding with Texas A&M, while Bobby split the gap by picking Iowa. Week 3 has some pivotal games for the Big 12, so this is the time to build separation for the splits.
(Lines taken from the beginning of the week)
#12 LSU @ #7 Auburn (Aub. -9.5)
Bobby: Both of these teams are going to be beasts in the SEC West. In plenty of ways, they are mirrors of themselves; both have the nickname of Tigers, have tough nosed defenses and quarterback play that is much higher quality than most SEC teams.
Judging by the line, Vegas still isn't giving LSU any respect. If Joe Burrow can continue to play like he did against Miami and match the play of Jarett Stidham, this will be a great ballgame. I have Coach O and the boys covering at Jordan O'Hare, but the win could easily go to either side. LSU, +9.5
Jamison: Auburn was my preseason SEC champion and #2 seed in the playoff. I think this game will be entertaining, but Auburn will be notably better than the well hyped Tigers. LSU does deserve the hype, after whopping Miami and catfishing their turnover chain, but they aren't on Auburn's level. I expect Auburn to win by 10 and narrowly cover. Auburn, -9.5
Blake: First off, Happy Birthday to Mike the Tiger. The famous LSU mascot turned uhhhhh I don't know how many years old tbh as I could not find his birth year online. However, searching Mike the Tiger stories also led me down a wild rabbit hole that yielded some wild results. Did you know that over the past 15 years, LSU has paid more than 4 million dollars during that time span to renovate his living space. I looked up the average price of a home in the US and it is only 200,000!!!! Mike the Tiger is living in a sanctuary that is nicer than any house most people could afford in their lifetime. Also, a wild life activist group has started a petition that has over 35,000 signatures on it to free Mike the Tiger into the wild, but WHY WOULD LSU EVER DO THAT WHEN THEY HAVE PUT IN $5 MILLION DOLLARS TO KEEP A TIGER IN A CAGE. LSU by a million on Saturday. LSU, +9.5
Duke @ Baylor (Baylor -6.5)
Bobby: I'm still not buying much stock on Baylor. They have looked improved, yet unimpressive through their first two games. Their defense has been porous against bad to mediocre teams, giving up 27 and 20 points to Abiline Christian and UTSA respectively.
Duke on the other hand has looked pretty good at covering the spread so far this season. I'd take Duke straight up if it actually gave me more points. Duke, +6.5
Jamison: Yes, I know, I was high on Baylor to cover the spread this year. I thought they would be disrespected, but Vegas seems to be giving them ridiculous lines right now. They are currently 0-1-1 vs. the spread. I am not happy. I am not abandoning ship, but I think Duke +6.5 is a safe pick. I may go as far as Duke COULD win this game (not going to predict that, I see Baylor edging them by 3 in a high scoring affair). Duke just handled Northwestern last week, a team who I was impressed with from week one. This will be a FUN game to watch. Tune in to FS1 @2:30 after the OU game. Duke, +6.5
Blake: This game will be a nice tasty treat for the afternoon slate of games. This game is tastier than a Magnolia Bakery cupcake (basic girls, HGTV enthusiasts, and Fixer Upper diehards will know exactly what I am talking about). I feel obligated to bet on every team that I am somehow associated (which is exactly what you do not do as it leads to double the heart break most often) but you know I am licking my lips at this one.
Most people are gonna be pounding away at Duke with the points, but the faithful readers of the Schooner Blog are going to throw all caution to the wind and throw the farm on Baylor. This Baylor team is ehhhhhh which is why I am so shocked they are a touchdown favorite, but sometimes the best bets are the ones that make the least sense. I am hoping Baylor wins this one because when I go out to celebrate TCU's victory that night, I want Waco to be lit. Baylor, -6.5
Houston @ Texas Tech (TT -2)
Bobby: Texas Tech let me down in a big day week one, getting thumped by Ole Miss. Now, they have the Houston Cougars coming to Lubbock and there is no way I pick this team again. While Ed Oliver is a beast, the Houston offense has been torching teams. I trust this Red Raider team as much as I trust unprotected sex in Lubbock. Houston, +2
Jamison: Durdy's LOCK of the week. Houston just killed Arizona 45-18, the Arizona team with preseason Heisman hopeful Khalil Tate. I know Sumlin is underutilizing him and doing a horrible coaching job, but Ed Oliver and Houston have been looking great. I have been very low on Texas Tech this year, and was confirmed after the Ole Miss game of their shortcomings. Look for Houston to handily win this one. Houston, +2
Blake: Houston is the Amber Rose of college football. Houston has become the revolving door for any up-incoming head coach; just like every rapper has dated Amber Rose at some point. I am a man of consistency so I'm going with Tech here. Texas Tech, -2
Rutgers @ Kansas (KU -2.5)
Bobby: Well, well, well. Just when the Jayhawks looked dead, they rose from the dead and smacked Central Michigan on the road, snapping a 46 game road streak. To put that in perspective, the last time KU won a road game, I was playing fullback in middle school and James Harden was months from playing his first game with the Oklahoma City Thunder.
Now, they are not only favored in this next game, but they are favored against a Power 5 opponent in the hapless Scarlet Knights. This one is a hard call, but I gotta stick with my schtick. Sorry Jamison; the wins stop here. Rutgers, +2.5
Jamison:
*Lebron yell* KANSAS! THIS IS FOR YOU! KU DEFIES ALL ODDS, STARING AT A WINLESS SEASON AND HITS .500! THE JAYHAWKS WILL CONTINUE THE HOTTTTT STREAK AND BEAT RUTGERS THIS WEEKEND.
Kansas last week snapped their 46 game losing streak and crushed Central Michigan. Rutgers just lost last week by 49. Momentum is key. I said Kansas will win 2 games this season, this has to be it. Kansas, -2.5
Blake: When Bobby sent me the games this week, I immediately had to look this game up to see if it was not a joke. To my surprise these teams are actually playing. The two perennial worst teams of their respective conference face off in what is probably their season as both of these teams will not have a chance to win a game after this Saturday. This is the game I want to ignore, but I know I will place a regrettable last second bet on this so give me Rutgers with the points. Rutgers, +2.5
#17 Boise State @ #24 Oklahoma State (OSU -3)
Bobby: This one is going to be fun. Boise State looks to be the cream of the Group of Five crop this season and a road win against the Pokes would solidify them as the team to watch for a New Year's Six bid. The Broncos outscored two decent teams, UConn and Troy, 118-27 in their opening two games. This is an offensive power.
Oklahoma State also has brought some offensive heat this season, but first year starting quarterback Taylor Cornelius has looked very shaky against competition barely better than some Texas High School teams. This one is a toss up, but I'm going with the Broncos to pull off the big win in Boone Pickens Stadium. Boise State, +3
Jamison: I am extremely torn on this matchup. I picked OSU to not do well this year, and they have definitely played the part. I would just feel more comfortable if the line was +3.5. This game is a very close 50/50 for me.
Boise State's run offense has looked dominant, and they have a very experienced offensive line. OSU only wins if they give Justice Hill 20+ carries, and JD King 10+. I just do not think they do that. Gundy still has some weird obsession with Corndog, after he just threw 2 INT's against South Alabama. Now, versus a somewhat legit school, Corndog can not make those mistakes. This game is solely dependent on Gundy. Boise State, +3
Blake: I'm calling this the "Battle of the Ex-Girlfriends". Two teams that were a part of my life and now mean nothing to me. Growing up as an OU fan, I hated OSU(which makes sense) but the Boise State one has some nuance to it. Around the 7th grade, I stopped being an OU fan for a variety of reasons and became a TCU fan. At that time TCU and Boise were the two biggest non-power 5 in college football and met twice in BCS bowl games. Additionally years later, than became bigger rivals when Boise joined the Mountain West. That rivalry is now dead after TCU beat them on a 2 point conversion at the Smurf Village and now mean nothing to my life. Boise State will win this one and will show that OSU are frauds. Boise State, +3
#4 Ohio State v. #15 TCU (tOSU -12)
Bobby: This is a tough one. I think TCU has a good squad, I really do. However, I just don't think they have the firepower to pull it off. They also won't really have a home field advantage as Ohio State has an enormous alumni base that will travel to Arlington. I think Ohio State pulls away towards the end for the cover. Ohio State, -12
Jamison: Ohio State wins by 10. TCU will get a backdoor cover with Turpin and Reagor springing off a couple big plays. TCU is my #2 team in the Big 12 this year, but I did not expect much from them in this game when making that prediction. Expect their better play during conference play. TCU, +12
Blake: I know I like to joke around a lot, but I am going to be very serious for a second because this game means a lot to me. Let take you back to 2014, I was a freshman in college and I got to witness one of the best seasons of TCU football there ever will be. Between Trevone Boykin, Josh Doctson, and typical Gary Patterson defense, this team was probably the most talented team in TCU history. I got to experience of the highs of this season, beating OU and rushing the field while Bobby watched from the nosebleeds, and the lows, watching TCU blow a 4th quarter lead to Baylor and lose 61-58. But one thing I did know for sure is that when it came down to the CFP selection show the last week of the regular season, TCU should have been in that spot instead of Ohio State.
At that time and still to do this day I absolutely despise the selection committee. The college football world had been crying for years for a more equitable system and the CFP committee promised that this new system would bring fairness and justice to the mistakes the BCS had made in the past. However, the committee system is even more corrupt than BCS. TCU and Baylor were both snubbed out of a playoff spot that year because we are both small private schools that have small fan bases, while Ohio State is one of the largest schools in the nation. Their decision was based on MONEY and VIEWERSHIP, not on JUSTICE or FAIRNESS that they promised. They system promised to put the four best teams in the nation against each other and TCU was one of them. TCU and Ohio State both a single loss that year. TCU's only loss came to Baylor on the road and we only lost by 3 points. Ohio State lost by 14 points at home against a .500 Virginia Tech team. When the resumes are so similar, these small details matter but the CFP just made the money decision and denied TCU or Baylor their one shot at making the CFP.
I will never forgive the selection committee for their transgressions because at the end of the day they are two-facing the college football world. They will tell the fans that every team has a fair shot at making it, but if you are a team that they believe can't sell enough tickets or will bring in big viewerships they will throw you to the curb in a heart beat.
And this story right here is the reason why TCU is going to beat Ohio State on Saturday night. Although none of the players on the respective teams were in college at the time all of this happened, it is fresh in the minds of everybody in Fort Worth that this is our vengeance game to show that we really do belong on the big stage. Although on paper Ohio State outmatches TCU in every way, we have one advantage on them and that is Gary Patterson. Gary has taken a school from one of the worst teams in the Mountain West to one of the perennial contenders in the Big 12. TCU has never had the best recruits, but Gary always finds a way to get the best out of his players and out perform expectations. Our fearless leader is going to lead us into battle on Saturday night and after the game, the Crowleyman is going to be rushing the field* just like he did five years ago when the Frogs pulled an upset of a lifetime. Go Frogs. TCU, +12
*I will not be at the game so I will have to rush McLane Stadium or a local high school but I will do it none the less
#22 USC @ Texas (UT -3.5)
Bobby: Jesus, Texas. How worse can it get for you? Tulsa was a perfect team to right the ship against and you manage to only win by a touchdown? It's absurd.
I'm not big on USC, like at all. However, I think the Trojans can at least win against this Texas team. I won't let the 'Horns burn me again. USC, +3.5
Jamison: Why in Sam Hill have I been picking Texas to cover the past 2 weeks? I am absolutely embarrassed. To avoid embarrassment for a 3rd week in a row, I am picking the mediocre, boring ass USC squad this week +3.5. This pick is completely emotional. I do not care if Texas covers, good for them, I just do not want to be on the side of picking them if they do not cover. USC, +3.5.
Blake: Haven't I seen this game before? Oh yes, I see it EVERY SINGLE TIME I turn on the Longhorn Network. Everybody talks about how ESPN is declining and I know the exact reason why. IT'S BECAUSE THEY ARE PAYING UT MILLIONS OF DOLLARS TO SHOW RERUNS OF A GAME THAT HAPPENED MORE THAN A DECADE AGO!! I wish I didn't have to choose this game, but I do. Texas, -3.5
#5 Oklahoma @ Iowa State (OU -18.5)
Bobby: Simply put, Iowa State is outmatched. I know the Cyclones have a staunch defense, but I don't think they'll be much of a match for this OU team.
The Cyclone offense, especially if QB Kyle Kempt is injured, is very one dimensioned. They don't have a go to receiver like Allen Lazard or a wild card like Joel Lanning. Simply put, they are just not quite there.
I think Kyler and the OU offense will take a while to warm up, but when they do, it's curtains. Oklahoma, -18.5
Jamison: Durdy's second LOCK of the week. Everybody say thank you to Vegas for doubting use after Rodney got hurt. I know he is huge for us, but -18.5 is an insult to an OU offense against a team that just scored 3 points last week. What did the five fingers say to the face? That's what OU does to Iowa State this year. Even if it was not a revenge game, we'd cover. Oklahoma, -18.5
Blake: High winds are very much in right now and I think this is the big man upstairs way of telling me to go with Iowa State in this one. I don't think a full blown cyclone will form in Iowa this week, but the tornado sirens will definitely be going off and will give the Sooners a scare. Nobody outside the state of Oklahoma is talking about Rodney Anderson being out and I think it is a huge loss for OU to have him on the sidelines. OU might lose a few trees in their yard from the winds, but their house will still be standing. Iowa State, +18.5
Lawrence: The Lost Trip
Delay of Recap: Iowa State


Indexation is unique inasmuch as there is no forecasted return associated with indexation. If the S&P 500 were to decline by 50%, this does not invalidate indexation. There is no consequence for the index, it's merely the return that the index produced — it can't underperform itself. Active managers, however, are evaluated relative to the index, though it is effectively impossible for active managers in aggregate to outperform the benchmark. What is necessary, then, is a departure from the investment behavior generally exhibited by active managers. They must be willing to eschew diversification to allow high conviction investments to grow as a share of their portfolio. In essence, they must behave in ways that the index cannot. Included herein are two of the best-known stocks in the world that anyone could have bought and held for a one or two decades and become the top performing manager of their era. Not only didn't any active manager do that, neither did any index, but nor could any index have done so.
No concept in the investment world is as accepted as diversification. It is the most fundamental element of risk control. Almost by definition, active managers as a class cannot possibly outperform the S&P 500 since, collectively, they are simply the S&P 500 with expenses. Unfortunately, there is no obvious answer to this argument. There is, though, a solution, and responsibility for its implementation falls on two parties. For active managers, the only solution is to be truly differentiated, trading indexation-based (uninformed) diversification for a focus on the specific areas of investment in which they can really add value – to be undiversified specialists. On the other hand, if the active manager abandons the trap of offering diversified portfolios, it is the client who will have to shoulder the burden of proper diversification by selecting from the variety of highly specialized, value-added managers.
How many times have we written about "semantic mis-investing"? That the description of an index or ETF does not necessarily mean that's what you're getting. Boring? Then, how about this: one of the largest ETFs in the land says the P/E of the holdings is 20x. But they exclude companies with negative P/Es, and almost entirely exclude companies with very high P/Es. So, the P/E isn't really 20x, it's more like 40x. Read inside, see how it's done.
The average American, to go by the Federal Reserve statistics, does not have the necessary combination of savings or expected return, based on the record low interest rates and near-record high equity valuations, to accumulate sufficient retirement assets. (Neither do pension funds, for that matter.) Moreover, not only will ETFs or index-based investing not get them there, they're likely to hinder them, because of the excessive distortions that have developed between the ETF labels – such as country representation, industry sector representation, and even statistical risk measures – and what's 'under the hood'. Investing effectively must now take place outside of the indexation sphere of focus.
Under the Hood: What's in Your Index? The Robo-Adviser, Part II: What's in Your Asset Allocation Program?
A growing share of retail investment is made via automated asset allocation programs – robo-advisers. But how do these programs assess client needs and assemble recommended portfolios? Do potential fees earned by the provider factor into the proposal?
Under the Hood: What's in Your Index? The Robo-Adviser, Part I: What Does Rebalancing Mean to You?
The trading volume for the largest index ETFs is truly astonishing, and is an order of magnitude greater than the turnover of the companies that comprise the underlying index. Why does this occur? One small part of the answer may lie in the emergence of robo-advisors.
The Beta Game Part I described one of the most important ETF statistical measures: beta. Beta is important, even though all it does is measure the historical day-to-day price variance of a stock or index fund versus the S&P 500, because ETFs are generally sold on the basis of both high performance AND low volatility. In fact, all the high-beta labeled funds we could find had, in aggregate, less than ½ of 1% of the assets of funds labeled low-volatility.
We also offer a proof that some of the best investors of the past 30 years cannot survive in a beta-driven world. And as a bonus, we're even giving away a classically good investment idea, because having the best kind of high beta (yes, there is good high beta) we know it would fail to even be considered as an ETF or fund product.
We have frequently observed that data without context is, at best, meaningless, and at worst, misleading. For many investors, beta (a statistical measure of the historical price risk of a stock or ETF relative to the broader market) has become among the most important factors in selecting an ETF. The implications for ETF providers can't be ignored: demand for high beta ETFs is simply not there, so new ideas for high beta products are not likely to make it to market, while low beta products, no matter how irrational the beta may appear (e.g., does the Peru ETF really have the same beta as the S&P 500? Yes, it really does.), continue to gather assets. But if, as proposed in past commentaries, index constituent prices are driven by demand for ETFs rather than by the intrinsic value of the constituent companies themselves, what is the low beta of your ETF telling you?
Paradoxically, investing in emerging markets ETFs does not really provide all that much emerging market exposure. The Indian market, for example, is exceptionally broad, with thousands of securities that participate in the economy's robust growth. However, the ETFs that purport to provide exposure to the Indian market turn out to hold the same roughly 50 large-cap companies, companies that are either truly global in nature (minimal Indian exposure) or in great demand and quite expensive . If one seeks exposure to the local Indian economy, the current generation of ETFs are not the way to achieve it.
In 2005, the S&P 500 Index methodology was changed to reflect float adjusted market capitalization. In this commentary, we consider the impact of this change on Index returns.
In this first "Under the Hood: What's in Your Index?" series, we test a widely held assumption in many (if not most) investors' allocation decisions. Most investors have some portion of their equity portfolio assigned to international stocks to diversify their exposure to U.S. stocks. But what if, through a major index like the S&P 500, you're already allocated (or over-allocated) to non-U.S. economies?