text:
Sorotan PRU 14
Hubungan Antarabangsa
Bangkitlah Negaraku
By Najib RazakOktober 23, 2017 Blog, Featured Articles
Disember
Reimagining transportation to shape sustainable mobility
Seven years ago, in 2010, I introduced our Economic Transformation Programme and Government Transformation Programme which are also collectively known as the National Transformation Programme. This programme was designed to transform Malaysia into a high income nation, and into a more inclusive, equitable and sustainable society. It was my personal view then, as it is now, that an efficient land public transport system was central to this aspiration.
In a larger context, the land public transport agenda is not just about mega infrastructure projects, which, in and of themselves, undoubtedly generate significant economic benefits to the country. Of greater importance is that it is a pathway to higher productivity and better living conditions for Malaysians.
Moreover, in the long run, a reliable, integrated and modern land public transport network will accelerate socio-economic growth, and improve the quality of our environment, all of which are crucial for the sustainable development of Malaysia. It was for these reasons that we made transformation of public transport a key agenda under the National Transformation Programme (NTP) journey.
Anchored upon this ambitious vision, and guided by our principle of "rakyat didahulukan, pencapaian diutamakan" – where we prioritise the timely delivery of the needs of our citizens over everything else, the Land Public Transport Commission or the Suruhanjaya Pengangkutan Awam Darat (SPAD) was established, and placed directly under my purview. I would be remiss not to acknowledge and thank YBhg Tan Sri Syed Hamid Albar as the first and former Chairman of SPAD, who fulfilled my trust in him and helped the government deliver our public transport agenda during his seven years at the helm of SPAD.
In 2013, SPAD formulated the National Land Public Transport Master Plan – a critical policy instrument which established an ambitious target to achieve 40% modal share for land public transport in Greater Kuala Lumpur/Klang Valley by 2030. Following this, the Urban Rail Development Plan which prioritizes rail as the backbone of the entire public transport system swung into action at an unprecedented momentum.
As a result of our relentless pursuit in the last seven years – to modernise MRTour rail network, improve our bus services and institute a future-friendly regulatory framework to accelerate mobility, we can confidently say that our nation has made significant strides in improving connectivity. Take, for example, the completion of the 35km LRT Extension Programmes (LEP) in 2016, which provided commuters in densely populated residential areas of Bandar Kinrara, Puchong, Putra Heights, USJ and Subang Jaya another viable and traffic –free option for mobility.
As a result, the LRT Kelana Jaya Line recorded an increase of 26% (or 271,250) in daily ridership for the period January to August in 2017 compared to 215,855 in 2016. Adding to this growth is the LRT Ampang Line which recorded an increase of 14% which translates to 184,931 average daily ridership for the period of January to August, 2017.
Meanwhile, the 22-year-old KTM commuter system is being turned around with a budget of RM1.41 billion which includes the upgrading of track and signaling systems of the 42km network. Once completed in 2019,Kua a safer, more comfortable system with better service frequency awaits the urban commuter.
In August 2016, our transformation journey advanced another step with the launch of the LRT3 project. This latest urban rail project will connect Bandar Utama to Johan Setia, Klang with a total distance of 37km with 26 stations.
In Sept 2016, I broke the ground for the second Mass Rapid Transit line or MRT2, the Sungai Buloh-Serdang-Putrajaya line. This marked the commencement of work of the MRT line 2 which spans 52.2km covering 37 stations, envisaged to benefit more than 2 million urban dwellers.
We made history with the much anticipated full opening of MRT Line I (Sungai Buloh – Kajang) in July this year, providing direct links to the city center from the north-western and the south-eastern sector. MRT Line 1 which spans across a distance of 51km with 31 stations is complemented by 300 MRT feeder buses, connecting commuters to stations and adjacent areas with a fixed fare of RM1.
The MRT project was, from conception to delivery, a priority for me and a project which I personally oversaw every stage of its progress. Apart from wanting the rakyat to experience greater ease of commute in the city, I also did not want Kuala Lumpur to be known internationally more for its traffic woes than anything else, like some other cities in the region. We needed the best solution to alleviate traffic congestion coming into the city centre. Alhamdulillah, the outcome and reception of the MRT Line 1 have been tremendous. The successful completion of the MRT Line 1 proves that we are capable of completing one of the most advanced mass rapid infrastructure projects in the history of this country.
Not only were we able to complete and manage this project efficiently, we were also able to complete it ahead of schedule and RM2 billion below budget. This is by any standards, an outstanding achievement for any country. One of the main factors contributing to this, has been the hard work of thousands of Malaysians employed for the project, who successfully made it a reality.
The MRT Line 1 from Sungai Buloh to Kajang proves that we are committed in realising land public transport projects for the well-being of our people. I have been informed that from July until August we have a reached a weekly ridership of over 800,000 passengers, with over 1 million passengers over the holiday week of 27th August to September 3. With a capacity to carry 400,000 passengers a day, we are confident that these numbers will certainly grow as more and more people switch to the MRT for their daily commute. In fact even now, I have been getting reports from many people who say they have experienced reduced traffic congestion since the MRT came on-line. With some 40,000 cars removed from the roads daily according to SPAD estimates, the congestion has been reduced and we hope there will be more of it, as more people switch to public transport over time.
With the landmark success of the MRT Line 1, we can see how land public transport can become a real game-changer in transforming the lifestyle of Malaysians, by reducing traffic congestion and paving the way for green mobility and reduction of carbon emissions in Greater Kuala Lumpur.
Today, SPAD and MRT Corp are carrying out detailed feasibility studies on the MRT Line 3 Alignment, provisionally called the Circle Line covering areas such Bandar Malaysia, Mont Kiara, Sentul, Midvalley and Setiawangsa, and the Government is looking to fast track the construction and completion of this line in phases. Insya-Allah, with all these measures in place, we are on track towards making our cities more liveable and vibrant to live, work and play in.
As you can see, the Greater Kuala Lumpur/ Klang Valley's record of delivering its recent public transport projects on time is a testament to the forward planning process now in place driven by the Government.
Commuters' overall feedback has also been positive, and this can be seen from the 2016 Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI), an independent survey carried out by SPAD which shows that 84% of respondents are satisfied with the urban public transport, an increase of 10% from 2015. These findings reflect that the Government is on the right track in the planning and implementation of initiatives under the National Land Public Transport Master Plan.
Daily average ridership across all rail lines for the period of January – August, 2017 saw a significant 12% pick up from 570,021 to 638,605. To continue to attract more ridership by making transit more seamless, SPAD will soon launch the Journey Planner by year end 2017 and implement the integrated common payment system (ICPS) by 2019.
Beyond Kuala Lumpur and the Klang Valley, the Government seeks to drive modal share increase – with rail services anchoring this transformation as the spine of a comprehensive transport system.
Over the past seven years, more than 700km of double-tracked intercity rail has been put into place, driven by projects such as the double tracking of the Gemas to Padang Besar stretch on the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia, while the 197km stretch from Gemas to Johor Bahru should be double-tracked over the next few years.
Taking connectivity to even greater speed, will be the Kuala Lumpur- Singapore HSR project. I recently launched the concept designs for the HSR stations, and I am delighted that the designs were met with so much excitement from members of the public. There is a very palpable sense of anticipation among Malaysians of the prospect of travelling to Singapore in just 90 minutes, with immigration clearance done at the beginning of either side of the journey. It will truly transform the way Malaysians and Singaporeans interact with each other and it will certainly generate economic benefits to both countries. I look forward to the commencement of construction next year, after the public inspection period which begins this November 1, and after other necessary steps in the process are duly completed. Meanwhile, in the East Coast, we will build the East Coast Rail Link (ECRL) which will spur a new wave of growth and development by unleashing the hidden potential of the less developed region of the East Coast. It will also cut travel time form west coast to east cost and vice versa to a mere 4 hours.
The ECRL is a high impact project which will be the backbone transport infrastructure for the ECER (East Coast Economic Region). The ECRL will be a catalyst for economic equality between the west and east coast as it will stimulate investment, spur commercial activities, create ample jobs, facilitate quality education and boost tourism in Pahang, Terengganu and Kelantan. I am confident that ECRL will accelerate the transformation of the East Coast region to become more competitive on a par with other economic growth centres.
Elsewhere, this December, we will hit yet another key milestone with the Bilateral Agreement between Malaysia and Singapore for the Johor Bahru-Woodlands Rapid Transit System (RTS) Link project. The 4km RTS system is expected to be completed in 2024 and will connect Bukit Chagar, Johor Bahru in Malaysia and Woodlands North in Singapore where passengers can transfer to Singapore's upcoming Thomson-East Coast MRT Line.
The service is expected to carry up to 10,000 passengers per hour in each direction and will significantly reduce congestion at the border crossing. This cross-border rail project is important as it serves to provide relief to the perpetually congested Causeway, one of the world's busiest land checkpoints serving not only Malaysians and Singaporeans, but also visitors from other countries.
Significant resources are also being allocated to bridge first- and last-mile connectivity. Since 2012, the Government has invested RM766 million under the Interim Stage Bus Support Fund (ISBSF) to ensure that residents along social routes are still provided with bus services.
Although the ISBSF provides a much needed lifeline to keep social routes running, it is not designed to be a long-term initiative and must be replaced in phases with a more sustainable system. As a result, the Stage Bus Service Transformation (SBST) was introduced in 2015 to increase the viability of operators and service coverage.
Implemented as the myBAS initiative, this service migrates bus operators from a fare box revenue model to a system that holds them to higher standards of service. SPAD will plan the network and pay a 'per vehicle per kilometre rate'. In return the operators are required to deliver on the agreed service level performance to ensure commuters enjoy better service and connectivity.
The Government has invested RM143 million for the operationalisation of myBAS services by SPAD in Kangar since August 2015, in Seremban since January 2016 and in Ipoh since June 2016. To-date, myBAS has recorded more than 8.4 million passengers, (or averaging 324,000 passengers a month in these 3 capital states).
SBST is expected to be be implemented in Kuala Terengganu and Johor Bahru by end of this year, and this will be followed by a national roll-out in stages covering all capital cities by 2020. To support the efforts to reduce carbon emissions and promote cleaner environment, SPAD will also carry out a pilot project to introduce electric buses as part of the myBAS initiative, starting with Johor Bahru and Terengganu.
Meanwhile, the BRT will be the public transport infrastructure backbone of Iskandar Malaysia in the next two decades, by providing a reliable, comfortable and cost-effective service. The BRT service is expected to be operational in 2021 covering 90% of Iskandar Malaysia, with a 51km route through 39 stations. In addition, the development of the BRT system will have smooth links to the Rail Transit System (RTS), High-Speed Rail, KTM Commuter and inter-town bus terminals.
With the expectation of increases in population and economic growth to simultaneously boost job opportunities, I am confident that BRT will become a catalyst to spur Iskandar Malaysia to become more competitive on par with other economic growth centres.
With regard to taxis, the Government unveiled the Taxi Industry Transformation Programme (TITP) to ensure that the welfare of taxi drivers will be looked after, while putting in place a system to regulate the entry of e-hailing into the market, in order to create a level playing field for the benefit of all stakeholders and participants.
Employing an inclusive, holistic approach to solve the long-standing structural issues affecting the taxi industry, the taxi transformation plan by SPAD strives to pave a level playing field for the taxi industry. The eleven (11) programmes under the Taxi Industry Transformation Plan were formulated based on four (4) key principles: improve taxi driver's income and welfare; rationalise taxi fare; improve taxi drivers service quality and conduct; and leverage on technology to enable the taxi industry to innovate and evolve for a sustainable future.
The recent amendments to the Land Public Transport Act 2010 (APAD) which was passed in Parliament in July this year demonstrates the Government's leadership which acknowledges that regulatory systems need to be more responsive to innovation to foster growth. I am confident that these reforms once gazetted, will offer diverse transport options for commuters, and help the taxi industry to progressively evolve towards a more level playing field by leveraging on technology and being responsive to market forces.
All of these public transport initiatives, apart from their obvious benefits to commuters also represent opportunities for our human capital development. Our expanding rail network and related infrastructure projects in particular, present us with an invaluable opportunity to study, develop, and implement state-of-the-art systems for maintenance and operations.
Over the past decade, the Government has invested billions in building and upgrading rail network, in both intercity and Greater Kuala Lumpur/Klang Valley. We have expanded the urban rail network from 279km to the present 369km and this will grow to 505km with the completion of LRT3, MRT2 and MRT 3 Circle Line.
By 2027, when the East Coast Rail Link, the KL-Singapore High Speed Rail, JB-Woodlands (North) RTS and other urban rail lines are completed, rail mileage across the nation will come close to 3,000km, 65% more than the present rail network which is a major infrastructure enhancement.
As a result, in the next decade, the land public transport sector will accelerate the creation of approximately 100,000 technical and high skilled engineering jobs with opportunities in complex, cutting-edge projects, like the Kuala Lumpur-Singapore High Speed Rail (HSR), the East Coast Rail Link, Rapid Transit System – in addition to the skilled talent pool that the KVMRT system is creating today. They will be the backbone of our rail system, and more than that, if we get it right, we may be able to export high quality and high value Malaysian expertise overseas to help build mega infrastructure projects in other countries requiring expert input. These are the added benefits that we stand to gain as we continue to build projects for the rakyat and invest in strengthening our human capital.
Even with the achievements I have mentioned, our work is far from done. We have set a new goal under the 2050 National Transformation plan, to be a top 20 country by the year 2050. Public transport is part and parcel of this goal and going forward, our public transport transformation must remain current and in step with what an informed, internet-savvy population demands.
New technology, disruptive business models and commuters' demand for higher levels of service are transforming the way we plan transportation for our future cities. Driverless vehicles, predictive maintenance for trains, electric cars- who knows what else the future will unveil? What is clear is that people and cities are on the cusp of changing rapidly and dramatically as advancements in mobility technology converge in the marketplace.
Therefore – in Reimagining transportation to shape sustainable mobility, let us be mindful of the rapidly changing technological landscape and the evolving habits and preferences of consumers as we plan for an inclusive and comprehensive public transport system.
I would also like to commend SPAD for its relentless efforts in shaping a world-class land public transport for our nation as well as for its contributions in furthering the national transformational plan. I assure you that the government, and indeed I myself, will continue to make transformation of land public transport in our country a top priority, for the benefit of all Malaysians.
I thank all the LPT stakeholders and operators for their continued commitment and dedication towards greater mobility and connectivity in this country. Let's keep this going and continue to work together to completely transform for the better, land public transport in Malaysia.
Visi Ekonomi Saya untuk Malaysia
Ucapan Perdana Menteri Mengenai Pendapatan Rakyat
Keputusan PRU-14
Langgani www.NajibRazak.com untuk menerima maklumat terkini.
Saya juga ingin melanggan 1Malaysia.com.my
Istilah Negaraku bukan sahaja lagu kebangsaan, ia juga merupakan satu perlambangan bahawa tanah ini adalah rumah yang kita kongsi bersama.
- Najib Razak
Kategori : Blog, Featured Articles
Dedahkan laporan feasibiliti ECRL
Indeks PMI pada tahap paling lemah
Propaganda 'Malaysia akan jadi seperti Sri Lanka'
Penghapusan tol motosikal
© 2018 NajibRazak.com. Hak Cipta Terpelihara
Link Lain
Syarat-syarat Pengunaan
Mengenai Laman Ini
BM EN
TM CN


From budget to luxury in Boise, Idaho we will help you find the perfect place for your family vacation, romantic getaway or business trip. Based on your criteria, we've searched hotels and motels and found 40 places to stay that match your request.
Popular Boise hotel and motel are Near Boise Airport (BOI), Downtown Area, On Boise River, Slopeside - Bogus Basin, Interstate 84 Corridor, Near Boise Towne Square Mall, Near Boise State University. View all Boise locations and welcome to the neighborhood!
Let us know what you are looking for in Boise and our staff will check availability with the hotels and motels that match your request, get the best rates and follow up with you quickly.
"This was the first time I had used InIdaho.com and was very pleased."


text:
Selfridges is more than a shop - it is a social centre powered by imagination, curiosity and creativity
VISIT SELFRIDGES
Inspired by its founder, Harry Gordon Selfridge, it continues to innovate, push creative boundaries and challenge the status quo digitally and across its four UK stores.
Thought-provoking, unconventional and fearlessly creative, Selfridges has always sought to do things a little differently. More than a shop, Selfridges is a social centre powered by imagination, curiosity and creativity and has been named Best Department Store in the World four times.
Harry Gordon Selfridge changed the world of retail forever when he opened Selfridges on London's Oxford Street in 1909 and, to this day, Selfridges continues to transform the way people shop. From cinemas, Shakespearean theatre and skate bowls, to celebrating new and upcoming artists and designers, to supporting and championing causes that people care about, Selfridges has always been more than the sum of its products.
Sustainability is at the heart of the business and the launch of Project Earth in 2020 marks a new chapter in Selfridges' history – the start of a challenging yet essential journey to completely change the way we shop.
Join Selfridges behind the scenes
Stores → Selfridges
Showing 4 connected articles
Podcast · November 2020
How to lead a sustainable business, a podcast with Alannah Weston
Join Alannah Weston, Chairman of Selfridges Group, as she speaks with inspiring thought leaders at the forefront of sustainability and business to find out how we can make transformational change
Film · November 2020
Funmi Fetto discusses the state of representation in beauty in this intimate portrait shot and directed by Ekua King
Interview · November 2020
Our People: Melisa Clottey
Melisa Clottey is the Head of Food Technical at Selfridges, London. Here she speaks about her early start as a food scientist, the joys of working small, and the importance of creating a sense of belonging for both colleagues and customers
long read · November 2020
Fashion Reset
Activist and writer, Aja Barber, writes that all brands and businesses must urgently assess the harm they cause to people and planet
Group → Our Stores
We have 25 stores worldwide across 5 brands
United KingdomLearn more Selfridges
IrelandLearn more Arnotts
IrelandLearn more Brown Thomas
NetherlandsLearn more de Bijenkorf
CanadaLearn more Holt Renfrew

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Local 1165 is asking the membership to help BBQ for the NorCal FIRST ALARM Girls Fire Camp. This camps mission is to empower young women (Grades 9-12) to seek employment within the realm of public service.This camp is being held all weekend long and will give girls hands-on training with firefighting tools and equipment. See their website www.norcalfirstalarmgirlsfirecamp.com for photos of the event. Although this event has taken place all over Northern California, this years' event will be held at Santa Clara City Fire Department. We need at least 10 volunteers to assist barbecuing chicken and hotdogs for 120-160 people on May 4th from 10-2pm at Santa Clara City's FD Training Center located at 1900 Walsh, Santa Clara, CA.
Please contact Annabel if you'd like to volunteer for this event at (408)489-4787.


text:
Shah Rukh Khan promotes Sonakshi, Sidharth and Akshaye's Ittefaq
Shah Rukh Khan & Karan Johar present Ittefaq Shah Rukh Khan promotes Sonakshi, Sidharth and Akshaye's Ittefaq Shah Rukh Khan, who is co-producing the Abhay Chopra helmed film Ittefaq, which is the remake of the 1969 film of the same name, lent his star power by attending a press meet held in Mumbai yesterday. Joining him on stage […]
Shah Rukh Khan and Anushka Sharma promote Jab Harry Met Sejal in Dubai
Jab Harry Met Sejal's Shah Rukh Khan & Anushka Sharma in Dubai Shah Rukh Khan and Anushka Sharma promote Jab Harry Met Sejal in Dubai Wednesday 26th July 2017 – Monday 31st July 2017, Dubai, UAE – With the release of Jab Harry Met Sejal this week, the stars of the film, Shah Rukh Khan and Anushka Sharma were in Dubai on the weekend to […]
Love is in the air with Shah Rukh Khan & Anushka Sharma in Jab Harry Met Sejal's 'Hawayein'
Shah Rukh Khan and Anushka Sharma get up close and personal in the new song Hawayein from Jab Harry Met Sejal. The latest song Hawayein from Jab Harry Met Sejal is out. After the upbeat Radha, groovy Beech Beech Mein, celebratory Butterfly and enchanting Safar, Hawayein brings another mood, romantic, to the album. The song Hawayein shows the sizzling chemistry between Shah Rukh Khan and Anushka Sharma as they gradually realise their feelings […]
Director Imtiaz Ali on working with Shah Rukh Khan for the first time with Jab Harry Met Sejal
 Imtiaz Ali: "Hope I'm able to justify SRK's talent in Jab Harry Met Sejal" Director Imtiaz Ali on working with Shah Rukh Khan for the first time with Jab Harry Met Sejal Filmmaker Imtiaz Ali, who's directed films such as Jab We Met and Love Aaj Kal, will see his upcoming film Jab Harry Met Sejal featuring Shah Rukh Khan and Anushka […]
Presenting the vivaciously upbeat track from the movie Jab Harry Met Sejal #Butterfly
Shah Rukh Khan dons turban for new Jab Harry Met Sejal song Butterfly Presenting the vivaciously upbeat track from the movie Jab Harry Met Sejal #Butterfly After making fans dance to the disco tunes with Beech Beech Mein, the makers of Jab Harry Met Sejal have released a new song from the film, titled Butterfly. A Punjabi number the song is […]


The grave from Mammen can be dated to the winter of 970/971 AD. The precision of the dating is due to the preserved wood in the burial chamber. This wood's felling date can be established with the help of so-called dendrochronology – known more popularly as "tree-ring dating". In dendrochronology the width of year rings is measured in a given piece of wood. Next the width of the year rings in that piece of wood is compared with the width of year rings in a piece of wood of which the age is known. In this way the exact felling year can be determined. However, it presupposes that the outer year rings have not been chopped away. Furthermore, certain conditions relating to the species of tree and growth environment need also to be fulfilled.
The wood samples, which provide the basis of the dendrochronological dating of the grave from Mammen, were found in 1986. In this year the chamber was uncovered again by archaeological excavation.


Fuao Full-Aluminium Furniture Co., Ltd. Was founded in 2017, the company's headquarter is located in the Nanhai Dali, the Aluminium town of China. It is a comprehensive furniture enterprise integrating furniture research and development, production and sales. The company mainly produces and sells aluminium alloy cabinet furniture, which covers many styles of products, such as wardrobe, shoe cabinet, entrance cabinet, cupboard and so on. The company adheres to the concept of "healthy home" and launch a new type of aluminium alloy furniture, which can be recycled, water and fire proofing, mothproof and zero Zero formaldehyde. Strive to create a healthy and environmentally friendly way of operation. In the process of R & D and manufacturing, the company always aims at "Easy transportation" and "Easy assembly". It designs a simple and quick assembly of flat-pack furniture, which is well received by the market and consumers.


British DJ/Producer Dolo Jones has just unveiled his brand new single Stuck (In A Groove), the follow up to last year's Animal. Once again Dolo Jones gifts us with a highly danceable piece of electronic music that instantly got me moving.
I am loving those groovy electronics and hypnotic bass that give the song a funky, disco atmosphere. The vocal delivery is perfectly done in a way that will get people hyped up to go to the dance floors and show their dance moves. To accompany the release Dolo Jones unveiled its accompanying music video which he created himself. Check it out below!
The track is about being stuck in a negative pattern of behaviour – working in a job you don't like, to make money you don't need, to buy things you don't want, to impress people for no good reason.


text:
Denis F. Kelly
« Back to Team
Before joining Scura Partners, Mr. Kelly was Managing Director and Co – Head of the Mergers and Acquisitions Group of Prudential Securities Incorporated from 1993 to 2000. Prior to joining Prudential Securities in July 1993, Mr. Kelly was President of Denbrook Capital Corp., a merchant banking firm, from 1991 to 1993. Prior to Denbrook, Mr. Kelly was at Merrill Lynch from 1980 to 1991 where he was a Managing Director, Mergers & Acquisitions, 1984 to 1986, and then a Managing Director, Merchant Banking, 1986 to 1991. Mr. Kelly began his investment banking career at Lehman Brothers where he worked in Investment Banking from 1974 to 1980. Mr. Kelly graduated from Amherst College in 1971 majoring in Cultural Anthropology and received his M.B.A. degree from the Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, in 1974. Mr. Kelly is on the Board of Directors of MSC Industrial Direct Co. Inc. (NYSE) and Weight Watchers International Inc. (NYSE).


text:
Ingerophrynus facts for kids
Ingerophrynus
Crested Toad (Ingerophrynus biporcatus)
Frost et al., 2006
See table.
Ingerophrynus is a genus of true toads with eleven species. Ten of the species in this genus used to be thought to be species of the genus Bufo. In 2007 a new species, Ingerophrynus gollum, was added to this genus. This species is named after the character Gollum created by J. R. R. Tolkien. These species live in Southern Yunnan and Indochina; peninsular Thailand and Malaya to Sumatra, Borneo, Java, Nias Island, and Sulawesi.
Binomial Name and Author
Ingerophrynus biporcatus (Gravenhorst, 1829) Crested Toad
Ingerophrynus celebensis (Günther, 1859) Sulawesian Toad
Ingerophrynus claviger (Peters, 1863) Benkulen Toad
Ingerophrynus divergens (Peters, 1871) Malayan Dwarf Toad
Ingerophrynus galeatus (Günther, 1864) Bony-headed Toad
Ingerophrynus gollum Grismer, 2007
Ingerophrynus kumquat (Das and Lim, 2001)
Ingerophrynus macrotis (Boulenger, 1887) Big-eared Toad
Ingerophrynus parvus (Boulenger, 1887) Lesser Malacca Toad
Ingerophrynus philippinicus (Boulenger, 1887) Philippine Toad
Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus (Boulenger, 1887) Greater Malacca Toad
Frost, Darrel R. 2007. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.1 (10 October 2007). Ingerophrynus. Electronic Database accessible at http://research.amnh.org/herpetology/amphibia/index.php. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. (Accessed: May 2, 2008).
Ingerophrynus Facts for Kids. Kiddle Encyclopedia.
This page was last modified on 16 July 2021, at 09:44. Suggest an edit.


The elegance and sophistication of Rocco Forte luxury hotels has long been a firm favourite with our discerning clients but the brand's beguiling emphasis on indulgent luxury holidays is now even more inviting. Spring is so often the season for seeking rejuvenation and renewal for mind, body and spirit and Rocco Forte Hotels have recognised their glamorous guests' need for luxury wellness in the most sumptuous of settings.
New for 2016, Rocco Forte Hotels has launched a complete wellness programme to coincide with the arrival of the ultra-glamorous Rocco Forte Spa at their Verdura Resort in Sicily, Italy. Verdura Resort was Rocco Forte Hotels's flagship 'resort' hotel and continues to set the supreme standard which has made the Rocco Forte brand so successful and admired. It is, therefore, fitting that this stunning Italian resort would be the birthplace of the brand's new ultra-luxurious venture, Rocco Forte Spas.
The theme of health and wellness permeates every aspect of the Rocco Forte Spa programme. As testament to the brand's desire to perfect the finer aspects of luxury hospitality, the spa programme offers considered and intelligent health and fitness opportunities for guests seeking rejuvenation and relaxation on every level. The programmes emphasise not only pleasurable, energising spa experiences, but authentic educational routines, which ensure the client will continue to benefit from their treatments even after they return home.
Using their signature line of expertly designed cosmetics and health products, Forte Organics, Rocco Forte Spa seeks to restore, renew and reinvigorate for a premier pampering unlike any other. Forte Organics products are rich in organic, natural, as well as active, Sicilian ingredients, with many having been handpicked from Verdura Resort itself, such is the level of commitment to wellness being offered by the Rocco Forte brand.
Rocco Forte Rituals are the treatments available in each of the Rocco Forte Spas, designed to leave guests feeling fully indulged and at ease. Rocco Forte Rituals include a Facial Ritual, Back Ritual and Body Ritual, a variety of Couple's Rituals. The clifftop setting of Verdura Resort and captivating charm of Sicily, make this spa experience entirely unforgettable; the perfect place to get away from it all and relieve all worries and strains.
A further aspect of the Rocco Forte Spa offering is Rocco Forte Fitness, which is inspired by the Forte family's personal commitment to sport. It is lead by an innovative approach to fitness, with the most cutting-edge workouts and equipment, and expert professional trainers on hand to guide and motivate, ensuring a complete approach to your wellness and active encouragement to achieve your fitness goals.
To complement all that energising gym work, Rocco Forte Hotels has also created an innovative nutrition programme to provide guests with healthy meals packed full of flavour and goodness. The Rocco Forte Nourish menus have been created in partnership with well-known local nutritionists and expert chefs, ensuring that guests have an abundance of interesting, inspiring and tasty dishes, sourced from fresh, local Italian ingredients, which don't cut out the flavour with the calories!
Set amid picturesque olive groves, oranges and lemon trees, Verdura Resort philosophy is based on Sebastian Kneipp's five pillars: water, plants, exercise, nutrition and balance. Each pillar improves wellbeing, but all five have been carefully blended at Verdura Resort to ensure guests receive the best care and most empowering, uplifting and energising programme possible.
If you're feeling inspired to turn your luxury Italian holiday into an invigorating and inspiring wellness experience, please call one of our expert Travel Consultants to discuss Verdura Resort, or our other featured Rocco Forte Hotels properties in Florence or Rome, on 01244 897 771.


I do hope this wretched week crawls by. In fact, I'll be quite happy if Thursday doesn't bother turning up at all. I'd like it to be Wednesday 1st February for quite a few years – until my brain has caught up with my age, that is. For on Thursday I'm due to reach the terrible milestone that marks the beginning of my sixties.
Why on earth do we pretend to celebrate big birthdays? They take years off your life. On my 40th, I took over a Russian restaurant in Chelsea and about 100 friends and I sampled every one of the 76 vodkas in the bar. I don't remember a lot about what followed. Apparently we all decamped to my flat at four in the morning. I woke up at midday to find that my friend Rowland Rivron had spilt black coffee all over the white shagpile carpet and upended every item of furniture, including the wardrobes and the grand piano. It took me a week to recover; the carpet never did.
My 50th was rather less wild but just as exhausting. Having discovered a talent for cooking, I decided to cater my own dinner party for 100 friends and family. It was a complicated four-course meal, so I spent most of the evening in the kitchen searing scallops. It was stressful beyond belief. Rowland was there again: but by now he was married with children, so he simply made a rude speech about how ancient I'd become. Time tempers the wildest spirit.
I read somewhere that having another child in your fifties makes you feel younger. Sure, I've rediscovered the joys of jigsaws, and I can recite whole episodes of Peppa Pig, but since Izzy arrived, I can't say it's been exactly rejuvenating. Constant toddler-carrying hasn't removed my middle-aged spread, instead it's given me a permanent twinge that feels suspiciously like a need for a hip replacement.
Two parcels arrived this morning and I groaned: people are already remembering the event I'm determined to ignore. The first was from my eldest daughter, with strict instructions not to open till "the big day". Of course I immediately tore it open.
Inside was a book called The 4-Hour Work Week: How to Escape the 9-5 and Join the New Rich. It's a best-seller, apparently – no wonder the author can enjoy a 4-Hour Work Week. I immediately resolved to write a book called Do No Work At All And Make A Million. Chapter One: Write book called Do No Work At All And Make A Million. Chapter Two: Wait for royalty cheques and put your feet up.
The second package turned out to be three small jars of pills, sent to me by a very nice chap I met on holiday. He's a doctor: well he has a medical degree and he's using the qualification to make himself a fortune. He's invented some new diet pill formula that's getting people excited in America. Of course, I offered to test it for him: if you'd seen me on the beach in St Lucia, you'll know why. Talk about scaring the locals.
It's called RealDose Weight Loss Formula No 1 and the label says it has ingredients clinically proven to "Accelerate fat burning, Reduce appetite, Increase energy and stamina and Enhance mood". Now we're talking.
In truth, there's a tiny asterisk next to each claim that leads to some small print warning that "These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration." Well, they're about to be evaluated by me.
A couple of years ago I wrote a blog called "Bringing Me Down to Size" and lost 20 pounds in 64 days. I'm resurrecting this blog immediately to test out my new friend's formula: you can follow my progress on www.bringingmedowntosize.com. I wonder if it can make me lose ten years by Thursday?
Let's hope the Rowland fella doesn't show up for the 60th! Good luck with the diet; I followed your progress before so I'll happily join in again.
My word verification is "boozo", perhaps it's an omen?
No party at all this time: I'm keeping a very low profile. Though my fellow Journal columnist Keith Hann has just sent me a link through to the Senior Railcard site: apparently from Thursday morning I can get 1/3rd off the cost of all my rail travel. As I take the train to London most weeks, and it costs several hundred pounds each way, I'm feeling rather more jolly. More money for the "boozo", perhaps?


Discover the ultimate in speed and agility with our executive helicopter charter flights.
Discover the ultimate in speed and agility with our executive helicopter charter flights. Designed to offer you true convenience, Independent Air Charter's helicopter flight team will transport you from A to B, discreetly, securely and fast.
Beat the traffic – Rise above the city, motorways and traffic in the most compact aircraft. Helicopter flights are great for nipping across the cities and the countryside into remote areas – it's especially useful when there isn't room for larger aircraft to land and take off.
Where can Helicopters fly to? Inspire is the recognised helicopter charter agent for aircraft based at many airports across throughout the UK, Europe and Internationally. Our helicopter charter services can fly to any destination you require, whether it is for business or pleasure.
Travel in style, our helicopter charter services are perfect for your business trip or corporate day out. Why not take a helicopter tour over London or to a countryside retreat. As you'd expect, our services are ideal for VIP film & music events as well as sports events charter.
FIND THE PERFECT HELICOPTER SERVICE TO SUIT YOUR REQUIREMENTS.
If you're looking to see London from above, then a private London helicopter tour is the very best way to really experience the magnificence of the city.


text:
Will Electric planes solve flying's CO₂ problem?
Home » News » Aerospace, Defence & Marine » Will Electric planes solve flying's CO₂ problem?
The UK government plans to ban the sale of new conventional petrol and diesel cars by 2040. Clearly the plan is for all citizens to be driving electric or hybrid-electric cars, or – better still – riding bicycles. But can electrification help cut emissions from that other carbon-intensive form of passenger transport, flying?
This is a complex question and one where size matters. It is possible for small aircraft to be powered by electricity. In fact, several companies are already developing small electric aircraft and they could come on the market within the next few years.
But for the large aircraft we all use more frequently, it is unlikely to happen anytime soon. The problem isn't the propulsion technology but the energy storage. Jet fuel contains around 30 times more energy per kilogram than the most advanced lithium-ion battery currently available.
The world's largest passenger plane, the Airbus A380, can fly 600 passengers 15,000 kilometres in a single flight. But, according to my calculations, with batteries, it could only fly a little over 1,000 kilometres. Even if all the passengers and cargo were replaced with batteries, the range would still be less then 2,000 kilometres. To keep its current range, the plane would need batteries weighing 30 times more than its current fuel intake, meaning it would never get off the ground.
This trade-off is particularly bad for long-haul flights because the fuel makes up half of the aircraft's weight at take-off. What's more, a conventional plane gets lighter as the fuel is consumed, but an electric aircraft would have to carry the same battery weight for the entire flight. As I said, size matters.
For a five- to ten-seat light aircraft, fuel is likely to make up 10% to 20% of the aircraft's weight. Simply swapping the fuel for batteries might still reduce the distance the plane can fly by an impractical amount. But replacing two or three passengers with additional batteries would give a range of 500 kilometres to 750 kilometres, compared to a fuel-powered range of over 1,000km.
First commercial model
However, there could be another option. Israeli firm Eviation recently revealed a prototype version of what it claims will be the world's first commercial all-electric passenger aircraft. The aircraft, named Alice, doesn't just swap jet fuel for batteries but is a whole new design concept that improves the way the propulsion system is integrated into the airframe. Carrying nine passengers with a range of 1,000km, Alice is expected to enter service in 2022.
Alice may be a practical alternative for small, regional journeys but not for most scheduled passenger flights, even short-haul ones. So how can electrification help here? Improving battery technology is one option. A new technology known as lithium-air batteries can theoretically reach the same energy density as jet fuel. However, they are still at the laboratory stage. Given the extremely safety conscious nature of the aviation industry, it is unlikely to plan future aircraft on unproven technology.
What we are more likely to see for short-haul flights in the next 20 to 30 years is hybrid aircraft that combine current turbofan engines with new electric propulsor systems. This more flexible hybrid system could be optimised to provide the high thrust required for take-off and the energy density needed for a long cruise.
The hybrid E-Fan X.
This is an area being actively pursued in the E-FanX project, which involves Airbus, Rolls-Royce and Siemens teaming up to develop a hybrid-electric propulsion flight demonstrator. Using a BAe 146 aircraft, which usually carries around 100 passengers, they plan to replace one of the aircraft's four Honeywell turbofan engines with a propulsor fan driven by a two-megawatt electric motor.
In the project's initial phases, the electricity will actually be supplied by a Rolls-Royce AE2100 gas turbine housed in the aircraft's fuselage (main body). But the E-FanX will still be an important step in the evolution of hybrid electric technology. Airbus says it wants to make this technology available for 100-seat aircraft by the 2030s.
It's also possible to equip a plane with multiple small electric propulsors in a so-called distributed propulsion system that is more efficient than traditional designs that use two large turbofans. This idea can be taken further by combining the separate fuselage and wings into a single "blended-wing-body", more efficiently integrating the propulsors with the airframe in a more aerodynamic design. This could reduce the amount of energy the aircraft would need by 20%.
But neither of the world's two main aircraft manufactures, Boeing and Airbus, are actively pursuing blended wing technology. Such a major design shift has too many technical challenges to make it commercially viable right now. For example, most airports wouldn't be able to accommodate a blended-wing aircraft.
No alternative
Unfortunately, for the type of flights most of us make there is currently no practical alternative to jet-fuelled turbofans. For this reason, the main aircraft engine manufacturers are investing heavily in improving their current engine technology. The International Air Transport Association estimates that each new generation of aircraft is on average 20% more fuel-efficient than the model it replaces, and that airlines will invest US$1.3 trillion in new planes over the next decade.
For example, Rolls-Royce's most recent engine, the Trent XWB that powers the new Airbus A350, is marketed as "the world's most efficient large aero-engine". Airbus claims the engine will help the A350 to achieve "25% lower operating costs, fuel burn and CO₂ emissions when compared with previous-generation aircraft".
The next generation of Rolls-Royce engine, the UltraFanTM, will offer a further 20% to 25% reduction in fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions and is due to enter into service in 2025.
But it's worth remembering that aviation currently contributes only 2% to 3% of global CO₂ emissions. This compares to about 30% to 35% for the whole transport sector, and another 30% to 35% for electricity generation.
The number of air passengers is expected to double over the next two decades but so are total emissions so this is unlikely to make aviation a bigger part of the problem. Reducing aviation emissions by 20% per generation of aircraft probably might not a sustainable improvement. But if hybrid aircraft are made a reality then flying really could become even less of a contributor to total emissions than it is today.
Click here to subscribe to our climate action newsletter. Climate change is inevitable. Our response to it isn't.
Written by Duncan Walker, Senior Lecturer in Applied Aerodynamics, Loughborough University and republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.
Read the Next Story
Kids Invent Stuff seek 'Notification' ideas!
Youtube channel, and Born to Engineer favourite, 'Kids Invent Stuff' want your ideas for Notification Inventions, with the...
Born to Engineer Weekly
Get the latest Engineering news delivered to your inbox every Monday morning
Thinking of a career in Engineering?
Feeling inspired and want to know how to take the step to become an Engineer? Explore our resources to find out about the many Engineering pathways open to you.
Future of transport
Read the original article.
Engineering In Focus – A Career Guide to Automotive Engineering
2 months ago — 7 min read
The automobile industry is known for being very competitive as manufacturers are always looking for ways to up their competition...
Engineering Podcasts – The Undistilled Series
A new podcast from TWI is focusing on world-class experts as well as leading authorities from industry and academia. The...
Engineering in Focus – Pavement Engineering
Your Career Guide to Pavement Engineering Pavement engineering is a civil engineering component that utilizes engineering techniques to create and...
Engineering Podcasts – Cliff Notes Podcast
The Cliff Notes Podcast focuses on industrial business. Each episode Tristan Bailey speaks to people who work hard around the...
Engineering Podcasts – The Structural Engineering Channel
4 months ago — 1.5 min read
The Structural Engineering Channel aims at focusing on helping structural engineering professionals stay up to date on technical trends in...
Engineering Podcasts – Designed for Life
The Design and Technology Association have just launched their official podcast and it's great! 'Designed for life' aims to entertain,...
Engineering Podcasts – The STEMusic Podcast
The STEMusic Podcast is a Podcast highlighting multicultural professionals within the STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Math) industry and the music...
STEM Accord – 50 Engineering Hero's
Born to Engineer favourite, STEM Accord, have put together a fantastic Instagram series on often overlooked Engineering Hero's. Their account...


The Question That Says It All: How?
It's no secret that in this day and age keeping a small business open and thriving is not an easy task to tackle. You have to overload yourself with knowledge in order to be successful and remain fresh to your target market. What's the first step to staying successful? I'm glad you asked!
Your business model is the way that you as a business owner ensure that you're generating income. Very easy to say; not always so easy to do.
Your business model answers the "how," as in how you're going to ensure that you generate income. As business owners, we need to know what we're offering to our clients, what strategies we're using to make offers, what our infrastructure is (for example, are we renting office space, are we working out of our home, are we part of a group), what's our organizational structure (who's in charge; and if there is more than one person working in our business, then who is in charge of what; what are the responsibilities and how are they divided).
Then there are our trading practices (are we creating products that we're sharing with other people, are we trading expertise, or participating in joint ventures, for example) and our overall operational processes and policies (do we have a 24-hour cancellation policy; do we have processes outlined clearly; do we have policies in place that protect us and our clients, and that clearly lay out who is responsible for what and what the consequences are for not proceeding as outlined).
A business model is an all-encompassing way to look at your business and how you operate.
Many studies have shown that inexperienced management can lead to a business downfall. However, a huge reason a business can fail is due to improper planning. Planning is always going to be much more difficult than actual doing. It requires a lot more thinking and time. Remember the cliché, businesses that fail to plan, plan to fail. There couldn't be a more true statement.
Often times people who open businesses don't put forth the necessary effort to research the market to find out if there's a genuine need and want for their product or service. Yes, we all want to do what we love, but if what you love is not what someone else needs, then the idea just won't work. As much as running a business is about doing what you love, it's more about helping your potential clients.
It is important for your business to stay up to date and to continue changing along with the market. By monitoring emerging business trends you can discover many ways to innovate your business in order to make it more successful and profitable and even to beat competitors. Ways to stay updated can include attending industry trade shows; following consumer spending habits and lifestyle changes; talking to other successful businesses about their success, trials and their observations on emerging trends. Another way to benefit your business is by hiring folks who have already worked at other successful companies, including interns. You can learn quite a lot from their experience.
Once your business becomes a success, you most likely will get lost in the daily shuffle of demand and forget to stop to breathe and take it all in. This part is so important. You have to slow down once in a while and remember the reason you fell in love with your business idea in the first place. It really is what makes it all worthwhile.


text:
,  född 1889 i Shuri på Okinawa, död 1952, var en av de första att lära ut karate på japanska fastlandet och anses som grundare av karatestilen Shitō-ryū.

Likt de flesta av de gamla karatemästarna, härstammade Mabuni från Okinawas bushi (krigarklass) och dess aristokrati. Medlemmar från hans familj tjänade Okinawas herrar under hundratals år.

Lärotid
Mabuni började sin karateträning vid 13 års ålder under Itosu Ankō  (1830-1915), mannen som organiserade den tidiga karaten i Okinawas skolsystem. Itosu var elev till en av Okinawas mest kända karatemästare, Matsumura Sōkon (1792-1887), förfadern till Shōrin-ryū. Itosu blev mycket fäst vid sin unge elev och Mabuni lärde sig 23 kata av honom, innan den gamle mannen dog. Mabuni tog Itosus död så hårt att han av respekt till honom byggde ett altare framför hans grav och stannade i närheten under ett år, där han tränade sina katas varje dag. Innan Itosu dog, gav han Mabuni titeln som efterträdare till sin stil.

Itosu var dock inte Mabunis enda lärare. När han fortfarande var tonåring, blev Mabuni av sin vän, Miyagi Chōjun (grundaren av Gōjū-ryū) presenterad för Higashionna Kanryō (1853 – 1915). Av Higa(shi)onna lärde Mabuni Naha-te, en Kina-influerad stil. Mabuni tränade också under Arakaki-kamadeunchu (1840-1918), som lärde ut en stil liknande Higaonnas. Arakaki undervisade också Tsuyoshi Chitose, grundare av Chito-Ryū, Gichin Funakoshi från Shotokan och Kanken Tōyama från Shudōkan. Arakaki som var en erkänd Boexpert, lärde Mabuni katorna unshu, sochin, niseishi, arakaki-sai och arakaki-bō. Det är troligt att unshu, sochin och niseishi spreds till andra stilar via Mabuni. Under 1920-talet deltog Mabuni i en karateklubb som drevs av Miyagi och Motobu Chōyū, med hjälp av Chōmo Hanshirō och Jahatsu Kiyoda. Motobu Chōyū var mästare inom Shuri-te och gotende, den hemliga greppkonsten från Okinawas kungliga palats. Chōmo Hanshirō var också en Shuri-te expert, medan Kiyoda kom från samma Naha-te bakgrund som Miyagi. Känd som Ryūkyū Tode Kenkyū-kai (Okinawas forskningsklubb i Karate), denna dōjō (träningssal) var en av karatehistoriens viktiga platser. Experter från olika bakgrunder tränade och instruerade där, och det var här Mabuni lärde sig Fukien White Crane Kung-fu från den legendariske Gokenki, en kinesisk tehandlare som bodde på Okinawa.

Japan
Mabuni hade nu blivit en respekterad polis på Okinawa och gjorde flera resor till Japan efter att Funakoshi hade introducerad karate där 1922. Mabuni tillbringade flera av dessa tidigare år av resor med Koyu Konishi, en vän och även student som senare grundade Shindō-jinen-ryū karate. 1925 besökte Mabuni och Konishi Wakayama distriktet i Japan, där Uechi Kanbun, grundaren av Uechi-ryū undervisade. Efter att ha tränat med Uechi utvecklade Mabuni en kata han kallade shinpa. Men Mabuni tillbringade sin mesta tid i Osaka, där han undervisade i olika dōjō, bland andra Seishinkai, Kokuba Koseis skola.

Motobu Chōki undervisade också i Kokubas dōjō. Det var Kokuba som senare bildade Motobu-ha 本部派 (Motobus gren av) Shitō-ryū. 1929 flyttade Mabuni till Osaka. Strax därefter beslutade Butōkukai att alla karateskolor skulle registreras med ett stilnamn. Till att börja med kallade Mabuni sin stil Hanko-ryu (halvhård - stil), men under det tidiga 1930-talet blev Shitō-ryū det officiella namnet. Det kom från ett alternativt sätt att läsa de första tecken i namnet på Mabunis två främsta lärare, Itosu och Higashionna. Alla tyckte inte om att separera Okinawas karate i fraktioner genom att använda stilnamn. Shudōkans grundare Toyama frågade vid ett tillfälle Mabuni och andra lärare om deras, vad han kallade det "lustiga namn". Mabuni svarade med att ge sin stil ett namn som inte bara tillfredsställde Butokukai 1939, utan också gav människor något att identifiera sig med och känna sig som en del av.

Mabunis elever
Bland Mabunis tidigaste elever fanns Kanei Uechi (inte att förväxla med sonen med samma namn), som också undervisade i Osaka 1935. 1950 återvände Uechi till Okinawa och grundade Shito-ryū Kempo Karate-do Kai. På Okinawa anses Uechi vara den sanna efterträdaren till Mabuni, men internationellt är det Mabunis äldste son Kenei, som är erkänd som överhuvud för Shitō-ryu och driver organisatioenen Shitō-kai. Mabuni Kenei och hans yngre bror Kenzō har även överinseende av karate på ett flertal universitetet, en uppgift de ärvde från sin far.

Andra tidiga elever till Mabuni har egna organisationer. Sagakama Ryusho, en träningskamrat till Mabuni Kenei, grundade Itosu-kai strax efter Mabunis död. Sagakama blev utsedd av Mabuni att föra hans arv från Itosu vidare. Sagakamas son, Sadaaki, är nu överhuvud för Itosu-kai från sitt hem i Yokohama.

1948, grundade Tani Chōjirō stilorganisationen Shūkōkai, där han lärde ut Tani-ha Shitō-ryu efter att ha erhållit ett efterträdardokument av Mabuni, som gav honom rätten att lära ut sin variant av Shitō-ryū. Shūkōkai är dock inte längre en stil utan har blivit en parplyorganisation för att samla Shitō-ryū grupper under en hatt, så att de inte ska försvinna  i mängdenav  större organisationer. Stilöverhuvud i Europa hade Yasuhiro Suzuki utsetts till och han etablerade sig i Paris 1969. Där fanns redan Tamas Weber, som samma år tog med sig stilen till Stockholm och etablerade sig där med sin variant av Shūkōkai, som skulle utvecklas till Sanshin-kan och Motobu-ha. I Paris bildade Suzuki 1974 en europeisk gren av Shūkōkai, som han dock 1982 hade förädlat och döpt om till Kōfukan. Kōfukan har sedan dess spritts över jorden och är nu en världsomspännande organisation. Huvudinstruktörer för Kōfukan är Shihan Tomiyama och Omi, båda 8:e Dan och liksom Suzuki elever till Tani.

Sedan 1970 har flera andra Shitō-ryū fraktioner bildats. En av dessa är Hayashi-ha Shitō-ryū som bildats av Hayashi Teruo. Hayashi var en elev till Kosei Kokuba och tränade också direkt under Mabuni. Hayashi blev president för Seishinkai efter Kokubas död. För en tid ledde han denna organisation tillsammans med Motobu-ryūs överhuvud Shōgō Kuniba, som i sin tur modifierade denna till Kuniba-kai. Tillsammans integrerade de katan Tomari-bassai i sitt system. En yngre medlem av Motobu-ha gruppen, Chuzo Kotaka, bildade Kotaka-ha Shitō-ryū på Hawaii. Han gjorde om alla kata och lade till många nya, som han lärde ut till sina amerikanska elever. I Europa bröt sig en Tani-ha Shitō-ryū elevt vid namn Yoshinao Nambu ut och bildade först Sankūkai och senare Nambudō.

I USA är den mest berömda Shitō-ryū utövaren Fumio Demura, som har lärt ut Itosu-kai Shitō-ryū i Kalifornien sedan 1965.

Noter och referenser

Mabuni, Kenei; Empty Hand - The Essence of Budo Karate. Chemnitz: Palisander Verlag (2009).
Habersetzer, Gabrielle & Roland; Encyclopédie des arts martiaux de l'Extrême-Orient, Ed. Amphora, Paris (2004).

Karate
Födda 1889
Avlidna 1952
Män
Personer från Okinawa prefektur
WP:Projekt Japan

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


PO or P& Cruises has been dubbed as the company which invented and gave birth to cruising. Different elements of the area maintain fully completely different climates throughout the year, with Singapore's wettest month being December – and yet the identical month meaning blue skies and dry days in Hong Kong. Another particular port of name of Royal Caribbean Cruises, is Kobe, Japan.
PO cruise ships depart from ports in Auckland, Newcastle, Fremantle, Brisbane and Sydney. Take your pick from a variety of Asia Island Hopping Cruises, Cruises visiting big cities or Asia River Cruises. Download our free river cruise guide and begin planning the journey of a lifetime.
Do I want a passport to go on a cruise trip? One factor to consider is the place the ships will dock for every port. Our Far East cruise offers practically always embrace lodge stays in well-liked cities like Singapore, Hong Kong, Beijing and Dubai. Take a cruise to Hawaii, Alaska, the Caribbean, points in Asia and the Pacific to name just a few.
Offers usually will throw in a one-manner airfare to hitch a ship in a port resembling Singapore, then you may cruise on all the way down to Australia. For unique Far East departures, cruises depart regionally from Melbourne, Sydney and Brisbane. Royal Caribbean cruises will aid you to really experience the wealth of Asia.


Quintessential Brands is a conglomerate group of independent British spirits and liquor brands.
A prospective merger with a French company risked being undermined by the fact that staff from both organisation seeing through the deal struggled to speak their counterpart's language.
Having already delivered a series of translations to Quintessential Brands through Today Translations, Today Advisory was requested to provide language and cultural training in English and French to key staff of each party.
The training and its subsequent results were key to supporting the Anglo-French merger.
While not traditionally versed in language training, it ultimately turned out to be the perfect complement to the cultural integrity consultations run by Today Advisory.
Qualified English and French tutors were sourced and both courses were cohesively organised so that each group would receive a similar scope of training. This was important, as the content of the material heavily focused on business culture and deal-making.
Today Advisory's project management team were also required to organise venues, equipment and refreshments.
Member of both parties were overall very satisfied with the training, submitting positive evaluations in regards to teaching, subject matter and organisation.
Quintessential Brand's merger also subsequently proved a success.


text:
This article includes several ranked indicators for Chile's regions.

By area

Chilean regions by area.

Sources: "División Político Administrativa y Censal 2007", National Statistics Office, 2007 (Chile area data); CIA's The World Factbook (country area comparison).
Note: It does not include the Chilean Antarctic Territory, annexed to the Magallanes Region and totalling .

Population

By population

Chilean regions by population as of June 30, 2015.

Sources: National Statistics Office's September 2014 projections (Chile's population), accessed on 28 June 2015; UNDESA's World Population Prospects: The 2012 Revision, September 2013, accessed on 28 June 2015 (country comparison).

By urban and rural population

Chilean regions by their urban and rural population as of June 30, 2010.

Sources: National Statistics Office (Chile's population).

By population density

Chilean regions by population density as of 2010.

Sources: National Statistics Office (Chile area data, Chile's population); Wikipedia's List of countries and dependencies by population density (country comparison).
Note: It does not include the internationally unrecognized Chilean Antarctic Territory, annexed to the Magallanes and Antártica Chilena Region and totalling .

By number of households and household size

Chilean regions by number of households and household size in 2013.

Source: Casen Survey 2013, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.
Note: Data exclude live-in domestic workers and their family.

By indigenous population

Chilean regions by persons self-identifying as belonging to one of Chile's indigenous groups in 2013.

Source: Ministry of Social Development of Chile's 2013 Casen Survey.
a Easter Island—where the majority of the Rapanui people live—was not included in the survey.

By foreign nationals

Chilean regions by number of foreign nationals and country/area of citizenship in 2017.

Source: Ministry of Social Development of Chile's 2017 Casen Survey.

Economy

By regional GDP (PPP)

Chilean regions by their 2014 regional gross domestic product at purchasing power parity in billions of 2014 international dollars.

Sources: Central Bank of Chile (Chile's 2014 Regional GDP in current prices), accessed on 9 April 2016. OECD's OECD.Stat (Chile's 2014 PPP conversion factor for GDP (375.432372)), accessed on 9 April 2016. World Bank's World Development Indicators (2014 GDP (PPP) for world countries), accessed on 9 April 2016.
Notes: The aggregate Regional GDP is less than the National GDP because it does not include extra-regio GDP, VAT taxes and import duties.

By regional GDP (PPP) per capita

Chilean regions by their 2014 regional gross domestic product per capita at purchasing power parity in 2014 international dollars.

Sources: Central Bank of Chile (Chile's 2014 Regional GDP in current prices), accessed on 9 April 2016. National Statistics Office of Chile (Chile's 2014 national and regional population), accessed on 9 April 2016. OECD's OECD.Stat (Chile's 2014 PPP conversion factor for GDP (375.432372)), accessed on 9 April 2016. World Bank's World Development Indicators (2014 GDP (PPP) per capita for world countries), accessed on 9 April 2016.

By main economic activity

Chilean regions by their principal economic activity in 2014.

Source: Central Bank of Chile (Chile's 2014 National and Regional GDP in current prices by economic activity), accessed on 9 April 2016.

By average net salary

Chilean regions by their average annual net salary in 2014 in international dollars.

By household income per capita

Chilean regions by their annual household income per capita in international dollars in 2013.

By household income inequality

Chilean regions by their household income inequality in 2013 as measured by the Gini coefficient.

By absolute poverty rate

Chilean regions by percentage of the regional population living below the national poverty line.

Source: 2013 Casen Survey, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.
Note: A household is below the national poverty line if its monthly total income (self-generated income plus government cash transfers plus owner-imputed rent income) divided by its household size to the power of 0.7 is below CLP$136,911 (in November 2013 prices). The consumption patterns used to construct the poverty line are from 2011 to 2012. Live-in domestic workers and their family are not included.

By relative poverty rate

Chilean regions by percentage of regional population living below 40%, 50% and 60% of regional median equivalised income. Data are for 2011.

Sources: Ministry of Social Development of Chile's Casen Survey 2011 (monthly monetary income); OECD's StatExtracts database (2011 PPP for actual individual consumption).
Notes: Income is the median of monthly household monetary income (self-generated income plus government cash transfers) divided by the square root of household size, excluding live-in domestic workers and their family. The result is multiplied by 12 and divided by the "PPP for actual individual consumption" for 2011 (425.368652) to obtain annual income in International dollars.

Health

By average lifespan

Chilean regions by the average lifespan (age of death) in years in 2002. This should not be confused with life expectancy.

Source: "Demografía: Ganancias en años de vida y riesgo de muerte, 1992-2002." National Statistics Office.

By life expectancy

Chilean regions by life expectancy at birth, by sex, in 2015.

Source: "Enfoque demográfico de género, July 2015," National Statistics Office.

Education

By literacy rate

Chilean regions by literacy rate in persons over 15 years of age.

Sources: Casen Survey 2009, 2011, and 2013, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.

By mean years of schooling

Chilean regions by the average years of school completed successfully in persons over 15 years of age in 2011.

Source: Casen Survey 2011, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.

By level of educational attainment

Chilean regions by highest level of educational attainment in persons over 15 years of age in 2011.

Source: Casen Survey 2011, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.

By net enrollment ratio in education

Chilean regions by net enrollment ratio in education in 2011.

Sources: Casen Survey 2011, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.
Note: Data exclude special education.

By gross enrollment ratio in education

Chilean regions by gross enrollment ratio in education in 2011.

Sources: Casen Survey 2011, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.
Note: Data exclude special education.

Basic services

By access to drinking water

Chilean regions by population living in homes with access to drinking water in 2011, by source.

Source: Casen Survey 2011, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.

By access to sewage treatment

Chilean regions by population living in homes with access to house sewage treatment in 2011, by type.

Source: Casen Survey 2011, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.

By access to electricity

Chilean regions by population living in homes with access to electricity in 2011, by source.

Source: Casen Survey 2011, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.

Ownership

By ownership of goods and services

Chilean regions by percentage of households owning at least one car, an automatic washing machine, a refrigerator, a water heater, a fixed telephone line, a mobile phone and subscribed to cable/satellite television in 2011.

Source: Casen Survey 2011, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.
Note: Data refer to family nucleus, except "mobile phone" and "fixed telephone line" data, which refer to households.

By computer ownership and Internet access

Chilean regions by personal computer ownership and Internet access in 2011.

Although only households with personal computers were asked if they had Internet access, the percentages shown here for both indicators are in relation to the total households in each region.

Source: Casen Survey 2011, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.
Note: Data exclude mobile phone Internet access.

By mobile phone ownership

Chilean regions by population over the age of 15 owning a mobile phone in 2011.

Source: Casen Survey 2011, Ministry of Social Development of Chile.

By electorate

Chilean regions by population registered to vote in the 28 October 2012 municipal election as of 30 June 2012 (registration deadline). Please note that Chileans born in Chile are automatically enrolled.

Note: "E/VAP ratio" is "Enrolled" divided by "Voting Age Population" multiplied by 100. The electoral roll includes all Chileans and foreigners (5-year residence) over the age of 18 on election day (28 October 2012) whose right to vote has not been suspended. The National Statistics Office provides population data estimated for June 30 of each year disaggregated by age. Linear interpolation was applied to obtain the population for election day (28 October 2012).
Sources: National Statistics Office (Chile's population), Electoral Service (electorate).

By prison inmates and incarceration rate

Chilean regions by prison inmates and incarceration rate as of November 30, 2010.

Note: Incarceration rate is number of inmates per 100,000 inhabitants.
Sources: Chilean Gendarmerie (prison inmates), National Statistics Office (Chile's population as of June 30, 2010), International Centre for Prison Studies, accessed on December 9, 2010 (country comparison).

By national HDI

Chilean regions by their human development index. This is an HDI constructed for Chile and it is not comparable to HDIs for other countries.

Source: "Desarrollo Humano en Chile - El poder: ¿para qué y para quién?." United Nations Development Programme, 2004.

By international HDI

Below is a list of the Chilean regions by Human Development Index as of 2021, which is a comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education, standard of living and overall well-being of the citizens in each states. All Chilean regions have a HDI higher than 0.785.

By population by settlement type

Chilean regions by their population living in cities (ciudades), towns (pueblos), villages (aldeas) and hamlets (caseríos), according to the 2002 census.

Source: "Chile: Ciudades, Pueblos, Aldeas y Caseríos 2005." National Statistics Office, June 2005.

By largest cities

Largest cities within a region, according to the 2002 census. In all regions, the largest city is also the regional capital.

Source: "Chile: Ciudades, Pueblos, Aldeas y Caseríos 2005." National Statistics Office, June 2005.

Other references

Ranked lists of country subdivisions
Regions, ranked
ranked
Geography-related lists of superlatives


text:
The Tech Submit Campus Life Stories Campus Tips LOGAN M. TRIMBLE '13 Junior dominates in cross-country and track
Sports athlete of the week
LOGAN M. TRIMBLE '13 Junior dominates in cross-country and track
Trimble balances running and tough classes, with the occasional movie or night out
By Nidharshan Anandasivam Nov. 22, 2011
Logan M. Trimble '13 is a junior in Course 10B and a member of the MIT Cross Country, Indoor, and Outdoor Track teams. As an active sophomore last year, Trimble competed for MIT at the NCAA Division III Championship, in which his relay team earned All-American status. Later that year, Trimble won the NEWMAC Academic All-Conference Award, demonstrating excellence in varsity sports as well as academics.
When asked about what motivates him to do varsity sports, Logan said, "I like [the teams] because they give me an opportunity to be really competitive at something I enjoy doing. I also love the small, tight-knit cross-country team and the rather large, but still somehow tight-knit, track teams." But running was not always Logan's only passion. "I also loved playing soccer, so when I got to high school I participated in as much running and soccer as I could. I eventually realized I was better at running, so I devoted all of my time to running."
What is the MIT running life like for Logan? "Practice on Mondays and Tuesdays tend to be long, so those nights tend to be later. Friday night I usually stay in because we have a meet the next day; on Saturday I go to the meet, and on Sunday I play catch-up."
This is not all, though, since there are also track meets to consider. "We have several races each year in Boston (Franklin Park for cross-country, BU for indoor track, or here at MIT for indoor and outdoor track). Our away meets are generally only one to two hours away in New England."
How does Logan manage to balance his running life with his academic life? Carefully. "Since practice is during a limited time each day, it is not hard to make sure to allocate time to track and cross-country. The hard part is always that extra bit of motivation it takes to get studying after a nine- or 10-mile run. Since it does take up quite a bit of time, it is really necessary to be efficient with my use of any free time, which I'm still working on — I'll get back to you if I ever figure it out."
Although Logan devotes a good deal of time to running, he also devotes the necessary time for certain classes, either because they are intense or because they're interesting. "My most intense class is 10.302 [Transport Processes] because it's 10.302. But really, it's just hard stuff — heat and mass transfer. My favorite class right now is Engineering Innovation and Design. It approaches engineering from a direction that most classes don't — the design," Trimble said.
In case Logan manages to find spare time, Logan knows how he will use it. "My favorite spare time activity would probably be to go out to dinner somewhere in Boston and find something fun to do. Otherwise I enjoy an evening in, watching a movie." His hobbies include playing the guitar, playing video games (Guitar Hero), and other music-related endeavors.
Career-wise, Logan aspires to improve people's lives by working in industry. His interests are in pharmaceuticals and other fields that will directly impact people's well-being.


text:
#ILovePhoto, Featured Posts, Inspiration
Kwaku Alston's "A Great Day in Hollywood"
In 1958, 33-year old Art Kane assembled 57 jazz musicians to the stoop at 17 East 126th Street at an ungodly 10 a.m. and photographed "A Great Day in Harlem," one of the most iconic images of the jazz era. Ironically, Kane was working as a designer for Seventeen magazine at the time, and had never taken a professional photo. Armed with a Brownie box camera, Kane captured the image which appeared in the January 1959 issue of Esquire magazine celebrating "The Golden Age of Jazz."
Esquire magazine. January 1959.
As a young man, I owned a poster of the image, and was enamored with all the history that it encapsulated. But perhaps more importantly, the image recognized the seminal role that Harlem and African Americans played in defining American culture. There are caucasians in the image, but there's no denying the genesis and evolution of American music that started with negro spirituals, field hollers, blues, jazz, rock, R&B, and hip hop.
The popularity of the image made it a ripe target for homage. And while it's been appropriated for various uses, the best examples still celebrate black culture.
Forty years after Kane's image, XXL commissioned the legendary Gordon Parks to shoot "A Great Day in Hip Hop" on the same stoop.
XXL Magazine December 1998 cover. Photo by Gordon Parks.
And in 2018, Netflix commissioned Kwaku Alston – the celebrated photographer who did fantastic work photographing the cast of Black Panther – to shoot "A Great Day in Hollywood." The image is part of their @strongblacklead campaign and brought together 47 actors, directors, producers and show-runners to the Universal Studios backlot New York Street.
I caught up with Alston while he was traveling in Europe.
This interview was lightly edited for clarity.
Photo by Kwaku Alston/Netflix
How did Netflix approach you for the project?
I was on location in Atlanta shooting for Paramount Pictures when I got the email from Katrina Symonds of Netflix. She contacted me one week before the shoot and asked if I would be interested and for my thoughts on how I would approach the shoot. Of course, I knew this was one of those assignments that would be a defining image in my career, and the task at hand was huge. I immediately called my agent Michelle Sack of foureleven letting her know we had a great opportunity to do something great and history-making.
I put together a few mood boards and concepts on how I would approach the shoot and sent them off to Netflix. Then I crossed my fingers and hoped for the best.
Photo by Kwaku Alston
What was the mood like on set?
It was full of electric and joyous pride. Everyone could feel that this was something really special and historical. This was the first time that many of these actors had been in the same space together. I think that's when everyone knew it was going to be something bigger than each individual. The image will take on its own life for years to come and mark a special time in history.
Was it difficult to wrangle forty-seven people?
Never hard. It's all about a good production.
Netflix did a wonderful job organizing getting everyone on set on time, so it wasn't very difficult. We had a pre-light the day before to prepare how to set up the group which made it a seamless production on the day of. The hardest issue when shooting large group shots is getting everyone there on time for the main event.
What was the collaboration like between you and director Lacey Duke?
Working with Lacey was easy going and intuitive. She worked her magic, and I did my thing. We worked around her film set and took turns with photographing the subjects. Together we arranged the talent according to her commercial needs. When my time came to photograph, I made a few modifications with rolling lights and cameras to accomplish my goals.
The image pays homage to Art Kane's photo. Given the number of other photos that use Kane's image as a template, were there specific details that you were trying to capture and/or differentiate?
A Great Day in Harlem has always been an inspiring photo. I wanted to pay homage to it while putting a Hollywood spin on it by using production props that represent tinseltown: lights, dolly, apple boxes, etc.
Group photos are markers in history that speak to what is happening in culture and society. They are iconic because there is a special event or reason for them to come together and share space. Kane's A Great Day in Harlem spoke to the impact jazz and music had on society and celebrated members who revitalized their communities. A Great Day in Hollywood recognizes the movement changing Hollywood and acknowledges the accomplishments African Americans and African people have made in the industry. It represents their pride and unity. Netflix is helping share this message by pushing the conversation forward and shifting the narrative to include all voices. Generations of trailblazing talent gathered together on Universal's backlot for this photograph and motion piece, sharing stories, passing the torch of knowledge, and recognizing each other's excellence.
Together, we are one, working towards positive change and inclusion.
(2) Phase One IQ260 digital backs
(2) Hasselblad H6X bodies with 80mm lenses set up to shoot at the same time, triggered by PocketWizard radio slaves, tethered into Capture One
Lighting was done with Profoto and Elinchrom with a 60×60 towering 8 stories above.
Producer Lynda Goldstein, Pix Producers (Goldstein worked for Art Kane)
First assistant Braden Moran
Digital Tech Sara Swaty Roger
Next Post: 5 Outstanding Wedding Photographers on the Skills You Need to Succeed (That Have Nothing to Do with Photography)
Previous Post: Freefly Systems' Movi: A Smartphone Gimbal Worth Considering
Charlie M Carter Jr July 6, 2018 at 2:10 pm
How do I purchase the portrait?
Allen Murabayashi Author July 11, 2018 at 7:27 am
You could try contacting Kwaku through his website which is linked above.
George Kamper July 18, 2018 at 1:10 pm
I've followed both Art Kane and Kwaku. This is a beautifully done rendition of the original concept. I'd love to hear a little about the actual technique/lighting utilized when combining the video and stills session. Is there a BTS video somewhere dealing with the shoot?
thanks, gk


text:
Nürnbergprocessen var tre retssager fra 1945 til 1949, som blev ført af de allierede mod tyske ledere efter anden verdenskrig i Nürnberg i den amerikanske sektor efter opdelingen af efterkrigstidens Tyskland. De anklagede var 24 topnazister samt flere fra de tyske koncentrationslejre. I den første Nürnbergproces blev der rejst tiltale mod NSDAP's ledergruppe, Gestapo og Sicherheitsdienst, SS, SA, Rigskabinettet og den tyske overkommando (OKW) for at begrænse retsagerne mod medlemmerne af de seks organisationer.

Af de 24 anklagede i den første proces, var de 21 til stede. Robert Ley begik selvmord, Martin Bormann var forsvundet og Gustav Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach blev fundet for svækket.

Baggrund

Det var i udgangspunktet ingen selvfølge, at opgøret skulle ske ved en retssag efter juridisk mønster. Churchill havde foreslået, at 50-100 ledende nazister og militære ledere ved krigens slutning skulle henrettes som krigsforbrydere før en tilbagevenden til fredstidens retssikkerhed. Det britiske krigskabinet og den britiske justitsledelse sagde sig enige. Stalin fremholdt, at hvis 50.000 tyske officerer blev henrettet, kunne krigen afsluttes. Roosevelts opfatning er ikke kendt, men hans finansminister Henry Morgenthau ønskede at få Tyskland sønderbombet og landets ledelse helt udraderet. I en erklæring afgivet i Moskva 30. oktober 1943 fremkom, at de allierede ville holde alle tyske krigsforbrydere ansvarlige, men ikke noget om, hvordan det skulle ske.

Stalin var først til at ombestemme sig. I februar 1945 foreslog han en allieret domstol, og snart sluttede de andre sig til. 8. august 1945 blev der aftalt et charter til etablering af et internationalt militærtribunal. Dømmende tribunaler var en stalinistisk specialitet, hvor hans udrensninger i 1930'erne blev gennemført som retssager. Også i 1918 havde sejrsmagterne givet Tyskland al skyld for krigen, og fastlagt en fredstraktat, der straffede landets befolkning hårdt, iberegnet en mulig retssag mod kejser Wilhelm. Den blev der dog ikke noget af, da kejseren flygtede til Nederland, som nægtede at udlevere ham, mens straffen mod Tyskland gradvis mildnedes og bortfaldt. For at undgå et tilsvarende halvhjertet opgør, fremstod et tribunal som en fornuftig løsning.

Til trods for Roosevelts skepsis til Charles de Gaulle, fik Churchill skaffet Frankrig en plads i tribunalet, selv om landet ikke havde været nogen allieret magt, men tværtimod besat område. Det internationale militærtribunal, IMT, blev dermed sat med fire dommere: Nikitsjenko fra Sovjetunionen, Biddle fra USA, de Vabres og Lord Justice Geoffrey Lawrence, som også var rettens formand. Amerikaneren Telford Taylor udarbejdede retningslinjerne. Nürnbergs domhus stod mærkeligt nok uskadet efter bombeangrebene. Et par snes jurister fra de allierede gennemførte sagen, og vurderede dertil lovligheden af de vigtigste nazistiske organisationer for at skabe præcedens for senere retssager. Dermed var rigsregeringen, førerkorpset i NSDAP, SS og SD, Gestapo, SA, generalstaben og overkommandoen OKW til vurdering. De fleste blev dømt ulovlige.

Men hvad kunne danne grundlag for at dømme en lovligt valgt regering, og for at dømme en militær ledelse, hvor generalerne gjorde, hvad generaler til alle tider har gjort, dvs. planlægge krige og føre dem? Et andet problem var forskellen på angelsaksisk common law og andet europæisk lovværk. Sovjetunionen var selv et diktatur, der forbrød sig mod de samme principper som Nazityskland havde, og selv havde overfaldet Polen som led i en ikke-angrebsaftale med Hitler i 1939. Anklagen mod tyskerne for Katynmassakren i 1940 droppede russerne selv, pga de åbenbare uklarheder som de andre allierede bemærkede ved sagen.

Tre processer
 Militærdomstol med en repræsentant fra hver af de fire stormagter mod de 24 topnazister (20. november 1945 – 1. oktober 1946).
 Engelsk militærdomstol mod nazistiske ledere fra militæret.
 Amerikansk militærdomstol mod nazistiske ledere fra retsvæsenet, industrien og militæret.

Domstolens placering
Sovjetunionen ønskede domstolen placeret i Berlin, men Nürnberg blev valgt fordi
 Byen lå i den amerikanske sektor (Tyskland var opdelt i fire sektorer).
 Byens domhus havde rigeligt med plads og var en af de få bygninger, som var næsten ubeskadiget efter intensive allierede bombardementer. Et stort fængsel hørte til komplekset.
 Byen havde været centrum for mange af nazisternes store møder og havde stor symbolværdi for Det Tredje Rige.

Tiltalepunkter
(a) Forbrydelser mod freden (konspirations-anklagepunktet),
at have planlagt eller åbnet en angrebskrig, eller krænket traktater.

(b) Krigsforbrydelser,
dvs. brud på folkerettens bestemmelser om krigsfanger og repressalier.

(c) Forbrydelser mod menneskeheden,
herunder mord på civile.

Ledere, organisationer eller medhjælpere, som deltog i planer eller konspirationer i henhold til ovennævnte paragraffer, blev i henhold til Charter of the International Military Tribunal af 8. august 1945 (Londontraktaten) anset for kollektivt ansvarlige.

Sagerne mod topnazisterne

Retssagens afslutning og henrettelser
Domstolen afgav sine domme d. 1. oktober 1946 efter lang votering. Diskussionen drejede sig specielt om, hvorvidt Hess, Funk og Speer skulle dømmes til døden, eller modtage fængselstraffe til afsoning i Spandau-fængslet i Berlin.

De russiske dommere var stemt for dødsdom, men fik ikke medhold fra resten af dommerpanelet.

Den franske dommer ønskede halshugning af Keitel og Jodl, men fik ikke medhold.

Dødsdommene blev eksekveret natten til d. 16. oktober 1946 og skulle foregå ved hængning. Göring havde begået selvmord nogle timer før henrettelsen, hvorfor Ribbentrop blev den første, som besteg skafottet, efterfulgt af Keitel, Kaltenbrunner, Rosenberg, Frank, Frick, Streicher, Sauckel, Jodl og Seyss-Inquart.

Henrettelserne påbegyndtes kl. 01.11 og blev afsluttet kl. 02.27. Alle 11 blev kremeret i Dachau koncentrationslejr. Russerne insisterede på, at ligene først blev fotograferet nøgne. Asken blev tømt i åen Wenzbach, der løber ud i floden Isar.

Bagefter
Spiegel-journalist Felix Bohr har afsløret, hvordan fremtrædende repræsentanter for både den katolske og protestantiske kirke i Tyskland tidligt begyndte at så tvivl om Nürnbergdomstolen, ved at fremstille den som et udslag af hævnlyst og "sejrsjustits". Biskopper og kardinaler stod nærmest i kø hos de øverste allierede militærmyndigheder med ansøgninger om benådning for dømte massemordere.

Tyske krigsforbrydere sad fængslet i flere vestlige lande, men med Vesttysklands forbindelser i Vesten blev de fleste løsladt. I Italien og Holland sad fem tyskere under politibevogtning: Herbert Kappler som ansvarlig for Ardeatiner-massakren  i Rom, og "de fire fra Breda", som havde været afgørende ved deportationen af de hollandske jøder. Højtstående tyske politikere, deriblandt socialdemokraterne Willy Brandt og Helmut Schmidt, arbejdede for at få dem sat fri. Den norske angiver Finn Knutinge Kaas, der oprindeligt var dødsdømt, slap ud i november 1957 som følge af tyske myndigheders pres mod den norske regering. Felix Bohr skildrer den vesttyske aktivitet til fordel for landsmænd, der sad arresteret i udlandet for krigsforbrydelser. Han har afsløret, hvordan kirkelige grupperinger, veteranforbund og diplomater dannede et indflydelsesrigt netværk, der tilbød juridisk og økonomisk hjælp. På et tidspunkt, da naziregimets ofre kæmpede for overlevelse, organiserede denne lobby støtte for forbryderne på allerhøjeste politiske niveau.

Noter

Se også
 Tokyo-processen

Eksterne henvisninger
 Filmoptagelse
 Oprettelsesdokument for domstolen (IMT)

Nazister fra Tyskland
Nazi-Tyskland
Retssager
Retssager i forbindelse med Holocaust


This minimal square handle backpack comes in a stylish and versatile color. Featuring both short and long straps for any preference. A simple bag with luxurious qualities made to help slay any outfit!
Strap (Min to Max): 27.5" to 35"


text:
Q: Tracking run time values in Visual Studio I have a use case where I need to track few variables at runtime and obtain their range of values (ex: -0.156 to 10.165). Can this be done in Visual Studio where I specify the set of interesting variables and after execution, I obtain the range of values?

A: [After figuring out a feasible solution, I am posting my comments here.]
I am working with a program where I need to track the runtime values of multiple variables and extract the range of values seen during an execution. Having a breakpoint for each variable and manually tracking the range is practically impossible. The other solution is to use tracepoints and use the Visual Studio's 'Action' feature to output the changed value to the console. This solution is also not practical in my case because the tracepoint is hit a large amount of time and it slows down the execution to an extent where it won't complete even after 10 to 20 mins.
The only feasible solution (from my understanding) is to add code to manually track the range of values using variables and then output the value at the end of execution. This solution won't scale as it will be cumbersome to change the tracking code whenever the underlying code changes. But currently, this was the fastest solution I could find.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Peperomia cundinamarcana är en pepparväxtart som beskrevs av Trel. & Yunckcr. Peperomia cundinamarcana ingår i släktet peperomior, och familjen pepparväxter. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Peperomior
cundinamarcana


Search Engine and Social Media changes it's algorithm every day and we have to think each time something different for getting a good rank. As of now from 2018, only SEO efforts do not work at all.
These 10 SEO quotes from industry leaders will inspire you to put together the best SEO strategy for your business. This is especially true when researching search engine optimization (SEO).
Com's board "SEO quotes" on Pinterest. | See more ideas about Seo, Dating and Internet … SEO For Beginners: How to SEO Your Blog posts (updated for 2018).
Search Engine Optimization quotes – 1. I'd rather have a search engine or a compiler on a deserted island than a game. Read more quotes and sayings about Search Engine Optimization.
SEO Quotes 2018 and SEO Audit Tips by Experts like Neil Patel, Matt Cutts, Rand Fishkin, Larry Page, etc, for Traffic and High ROI.
May 5, 2016 … These 10 SEO quotes from industry leaders will inspire you to put together the best SEO strategy for your business.
Dec 27, 2017 … As we close the curtain on 2017, we can look forward to the following SEO trends becoming more popular in 2018.
Aug 31, 2018 … Here are 6 SEO tips from OptinMonster's expert panel. … statistics, images, contributor quotes and anything else that pages it a better piece.
More narrowly, SEO seeks to tweak particular factors known to affect search engine standing to make certain … By Carl Lefever July 20, 2018 … 15 SEO Quotes.
Do you want to know some of the Quotable Quotes from Top Local SEO Companies in Australia? Well … Local SEO has been around for some time and many companies have already …. Top Digital Marketing Trends to Watch Out for In 2018.
If you are looking for SEO quotes to inspire your business, these up-to-date quotes are perfect for you!
These inspirational and motivational SEO quotes will help guide your efforts and marketing strategy in year 2018 and future.
Professional Seo Services SEO.com offers the best professional search engine optimization (seo) services. how Can SEO Help Your Company? Search engine optimization (SEO) is a critical component of online marketing. Search Engine Optimization (SEO) can be defined as the effort of making any website presence professional SEO Services can include many different solutions for creating your online presence.
SEO Audit Tips 2018: SEO Quotes and Audit Tips: Truth to be told, tactics and strategies in SEO world do change in 2018 as search engines like Google, Bing, Yahoo, MSN, etc,.
SEO Quotes on Content Optimization. I just gave you 12 SEO quotes that'll inform and inspire you to take your business to new heights in 2018.
SEO Quotes to Inspire You in Running Your Business. As you may already know Now, with all these 60 SEO quotes as inspiration in 2018, how are you planning to boost your website's online presence?
Aug 20, 2018 … Looking for the best SEO software? Read expert reviews and compare features of the best and cheapest programs.
…SEO quotes from industry experts that highlight how you can get the best out of your SEO will help you improve your SEO strategy, implement new ideas and make your business a success in year 2018.
SEO is all about creative link building by finding the sources where normal link building experts cannot reach. Top 15 Awesome Inspirational Web Designing Quotes 2018 →.


text:
"Schmackeboom" is a song by Swedish singer of French origin - Tacfarinas Yamoun (aka "Le Tac"). The single was released on 20 May 2014 under the label Warner Music Sweden. The author of the song is a Swedish producer Anderz Wrethov, who had written the song with Le Tac.

The song was recorded officially in seven versions. A major part of each version is sung in poor French, and the phrase before the chorus is pronounced in English, Swedish, German, Italian or Spanish (for specific version). There was also published a separate single of remixes.

The name of the song (presumably) comes from the Swedish "schmacka" ().

In 2014, the song was played on radio stations of Ukraine, Russia, Sweden, Poland, Germany and France.

Music video
In August, 2014 on the singer's YouTube channel, the music video was uploaded. Le Tac is shown kneading the dough and clapping the buttocks of half-naked girls appearing in the kitchen with the dough, or "baguettes" in their hands. After that, he starts dancing among them together with the chef. In one of the episodes on some woman's body there appears the flag of Sweden.

This video was forbidden on YouTube for minors and unregistered users.

Track-list

Official version
 Schmackeboom (Do You Want To F**k With Me) — European version
 Schmackeboom (Voulez-vous crac-crac avec moi) — French
 Schmackeboom (Wollen Sie Bumsen Mit Mich) — German
 Schmackeboom (Vuoi Scopare Con Me) — Italian
 Schmackeboom (Quieres Follar Conmigo) — Spanish
 Schmackeboom (Vill du knulla med mig) — Swedish
 Schmackeboom (Do You Want To Cook With Me) — English

Remix-versions
 Schmackeboom (Do You Want To Fuck With Me) (English Radio Edit)
 Schmackeboom (Do You Want To Fuck With Me) (Around The Globe Remix)
 Schmackeboom (Do You Want To Fuck With Me) (Peet Syntax & Alexie Divello Remix)
 Schmackeboom (Do You Want To Fuck With Me) (Esquille's Small Room Club Remix)
 Schmackeboom (Voulez Vous Crac Crac Avec Moi) (French Radio Edit)
 Schmackeboom (Voulez Vous Crac Crac Avec Moi) (Around The Globe Remix)
 Schmackeboom (Voulez Vous Crac Crac Avec Moi) (Peet Syntax & Alexie Divello Remix)
 Schmackeboom (Wollen Sie Bumsen Mit Mich) (German Radio Edit)
 Schmackeboom (Wollen Sie Bumsen Mit Mich) (Around The Globe Remix)
 Schmackeboom (Wollen Sie Bumsen Mit Mich) (Peet Syntax & Alexie Divello Remix)
 Schmackeboom (Wollen Sie Bumsen Mit Mich) (Esquille's Small Room Club Remix)

References

External links
 "Polish Hot-20" hit parade
 Interview with Le Tac at Swedish radiostation «P4 Malmöhus»
 http://www.paulcee.co.uk/blog/index.php?id=11pmz85n

2014 songs