text:
package org.slc.sli.test.edfi.entities.meta.relations;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Random;

import org.slc.sli.test.edfi.entities.LearningStandard;
import org.slc.sli.test.edfi.entities.LearningStandardReferenceType;
import org.slc.sli.test.edfi.entities.SLCLearningStandardReferenceType;
import org.slc.sli.test.edfi.entities.meta.GradeBookEntryMeta;
import org.slc.sli.test.edfi.entities.meta.GradingPeriodMeta;
import org.slc.sli.test.edfi.entities.meta.ReportCardMeta;
import org.slc.sli.test.edfi.entities.meta.SectionMeta;
import org.slc.sli.test.generators.LearningStandardGenerator;

public class StudentGradeRelations {

    public static List<String>           learningObjectives     = new LinkedList<String>();
    public static List<String>  studentCompetencyObjectives     = new LinkedList<String>();
    public static List<String>   competencyLevelDescriptors     = new LinkedList<String>();

    public static int COMPETENCY_LEVEL_DESCRIPTOR           = 2;

    //For every Student
    //    There is one SAR Per Session(SAR is the summary of the Student's performance for that Session)
    //         Multiple CourseTranscripts point to the SAR

    //SAR has ReportCard for every Grading Period
    //    A ReportCard has Grades for every Section
    //    A ReportCard has StudentCompetencies
    //        A StudentCompetency has LearningObjective|StudentCompetencyObjective and CompetencyLevelDescriptor

    public static int REPORT_CARDS                              = 1;

    public static int LEARNING_OBJECTIVES_PER_REPORT            = 1;
    public static int STUDENT_COMPETENCY_OBJECTIVE_PER_REPORT   = 1;

    public static int GRADEBOOK_ENTRIES                         = 1;
    public static int LEARNING_OBJECTIVES_PER_GRADEBOOKENTRY    = 1;
    public static int INV_PROBABILITY_STUDENT_HAS_GRADEBOOKENTRY = 43;

    public static final LearningStandard LEARNING_STANDARD            = LearningStandardGenerator.generateLowFi("LearningStandardCode");
    public static final SLCLearningStandardReferenceType LEARNING_STANDARD_REF
                                                                      = LearningStandardGenerator.getLearningStandardReferenceType("LearningStandardCode");

    public static List<GradeBookEntryMeta> GRADE_BOOK_ENTRY_METAS     = new ArrayList<GradeBookEntryMeta>();
    public static List<ReportCardMeta> REPORT_CARD_META               = new ArrayList<ReportCardMeta>();

    public static final Random RAND                                   = new Random(31);
    private static List<SectionMeta> SECTIONS                         = null;
    private static final int GRADING_PERIOD_START_YEAR                = 2011;
    private static final int GRADING_PERIOD_MAX_START_YEAR            = 2030;
    private static final int GRADING_PERIOD_INTERVAL                  = GRADING_PERIOD_MAX_START_YEAR - GRADING_PERIOD_START_YEAR;

    private static int uniquer = 0;

    public static void buildGradeBookEntriesMeta(){
        for(int i = 0; i < GRADEBOOK_ENTRIES; i++){
            GradeBookEntryMeta gbeMeta = new GradeBookEntryMeta();
            GRADE_BOOK_ENTRY_METAS.add(gbeMeta);

            GradingPeriodMeta gpMeta = new GradingPeriodMeta();
            int startYear = GRADING_PERIOD_START_YEAR + (i % GRADING_PERIOD_INTERVAL);
            gpMeta.setBeginData(String.valueOf(startYear));
            gpMeta.setEndDate(String.valueOf(startYear + 1));
            gbeMeta.setGradingPeriod(gpMeta);

            List<String> gradeBookEntryObjectives = new ArrayList<String>();
            for(int j = 0 ; j < LEARNING_OBJECTIVES_PER_GRADEBOOKENTRY; j++){
                String loId = "learningObjectiveId_g" + i + "_" + j;
                learningObjectives.add(loId);
                gradeBookEntryObjectives.add(loId);
            }
            gbeMeta.setLearningObjectiveIds(gradeBookEntryObjectives);
            gbeMeta.setId("GBE_" + i);
            gbeMeta.setSection(getRandomSection());
            gbeMeta.setGradebookEntryType("homework" + uniquer++); //keep them unique
            gbeMeta.setDateAssigned("2011-09-29");
        }
    }

    public static void buildReportCardMeta(){
        for(int i = 0; i < REPORT_CARDS; i++){
            ReportCardMeta rcMeta = new ReportCardMeta();
            rcMeta.setId("RC_" + i);
            REPORT_CARD_META.add(rcMeta);

            GradingPeriodMeta gpMeta = new GradingPeriodMeta();
            int startYear = GRADING_PERIOD_START_YEAR + (i % GRADING_PERIOD_INTERVAL);
            gpMeta.setBeginData(String.valueOf(startYear));
            gpMeta.setEndDate(String.valueOf(startYear + 1));
            rcMeta.setGradingPeriod(gpMeta);

            List<String> reportLearningObjectives = new ArrayList<String>();
            List<SectionMeta> reportLearningObjectiveSections = new ArrayList<SectionMeta>();
            for(int j = 0 ; j < LEARNING_OBJECTIVES_PER_REPORT; j++){
                String loId = "learningObjectiveId_r" + i + "_" + j;
                learningObjectives.add(loId);
                reportLearningObjectives.add(loId);
                reportLearningObjectiveSections.add(getRandomSection());
            }
            rcMeta.setLearningObjectiveIds(reportLearningObjectives);
            rcMeta.setLearningObjectiveSections(reportLearningObjectiveSections);

            List<String> reportStudentCompetencyObjectives = new ArrayList<String>();
            List<SectionMeta> reportStudentCompetencyObjectiveSections = new ArrayList<SectionMeta>();
            for(int k = 0 ; k < STUDENT_COMPETENCY_OBJECTIVE_PER_REPORT; k++){
                String loId = "SCObjectiveId_r" + i + "_" + k;
                studentCompetencyObjectives.add(loId);
                reportStudentCompetencyObjectives.add(loId);
                reportStudentCompetencyObjectiveSections.add(getRandomSection());
            }
            rcMeta.setStudentCompetencyIds(reportStudentCompetencyObjectives);
            rcMeta.setStudentCompetencyObjectiveSections(reportStudentCompetencyObjectiveSections);
        }
    }

    public static void buildCompetencyLevelDescriptorMeta(){
        for(int i = 0; i < COMPETENCY_LEVEL_DESCRIPTOR; i++){
            competencyLevelDescriptors.add("CLD_" + i);
        }
    }

    private static SectionMeta getRandomSection(){
        if(SECTIONS == null) SECTIONS = new ArrayList<SectionMeta>(MetaRelations.SECTION_MAP.values());
        return SECTIONS.get(RAND.nextInt(SECTIONS.size()));
    }
}


The McMurdo SmartFind M10 AIS Class B Transponder, part of McMurdo's new range of innovative AIS products, is perfect for smaller non SOLAS vessels, where the complexity of a Class A Transponder is not necessary. It transmits vessel position information as well as receiving all AIS targets within 20 miles of the boat, typical.
The McMurdo SmartFind M10 AIS Class B Transponder, part of McMurdo's new range of innovative AIS products, is perfect for smaller non SOLAS vessels, where the complexity of a Class A Transponder is not necessary. It transmits vessel position information as well as receiving all AIS targets within 20 miles of the boat, typical. Using the built-in GPS receiver, the SmartFind M10 determines position, speed and course, and once this is combined with other navigational information, it is automatically transmitted without any user interaction.
When received by other vessels and coast stations, the data built up to provide a live graphical display of traffic in the area.
The SmartFind M10W AIS Class B Transponder with WiFi features Wireless connectivity to a user's smart device (tablet, phone, laptop) allowing operational flexibility.
AIS Receiver with integral cable for power, USB and NMEA 0183.


text:
Home Features Be Ready for New Opportunities After the Pandemic
Be Ready for New Opportunities After the Pandemic
Unsplash/[ik] @invadingkingdom
The post-pandemic church is a fertile ground for new ideas
Early on experts referred to COVID-19 as the "novel coronavirus disease," a new strain of the coronavirus family we hadn't seen before. While the disease has brought a variety of responses and opinions, we can all agree the newness of the disease has long worn off. I'm ready to see the virus in my rearview mirror for good, but for now, we have to keep navigating this pandemic highway.
We will all be glad when it's gone. I want to think about the "novel" aspect of the virus. Part of the confusion over it—is because it's new. We don't like new diseases we don't understand.
Novelty Is Typically Seen Positively
For most things, we actually like the idea of new, and this gives hope to the church.
For instance, we know people are more likely to attend something they perceive to be new. That's just reality. This is why stores have grand openings, and why New York City stores often have 17 grand openings. "Novel" gets the attention of people.
Some stores will have 50 "going out of business" sales, like every mattress store on earth. But the reason this approach works is that people think to themselves there might be an opportunity to find a sale or discover something new to buy.
Novelty in Scripture
Scripture talks about this. Well, not mattresses, but the idea of novelty.
• Psalm 40:3 talks about a new song.
• Isaiah 40:31 reminds us that waiting on the Lord renews our strength.
• Jeremiah 31:31 promises a new covenant.
• Lamentations 3:23 reminds us God's mercies are new every morning.
• Ezekiel 36:26 prophesies about a new heart.
• 2 Corinthians 5:17 says in Christ we are a new creation.
• 1 Peter 1:3 describes our new birth.
• Revelation 21:5 encourages us: "Behold, I am making all things new."
From Outreach Magazine What's the Biblical Model for Church Leadership?
How does this apply to the church in a pandemic? As we relaunch our in-person services, there are people in our community who say, "Hey, this could be an opportunity for me. I don't feel like I know anybody, and I've been lonely." People may not come at first, but the relaunching of in-person services offers churches a chance to demonstrate a new, real love for the community.
Whether you've begun meeting again, physically distanced and safely, or whether you are still waiting, we can all look toward a time when it's safe for all to do so. Just when that will be—nobody yet knows. But it will come, and when it does, seizing on the relative novelty of in-person gatherings could be a missional moment.
It's often scary to go into a place where 500 people know one another and have been around a long time. But if there is something novel about meeting together again, it removes the "insider-only" sense some have about the church.
There are other ways we can present ourselves anew to our community. Many churches have birthed new ministries and reached new people because of the pandemic. Finding ways to welcome people to something new can help. Some ideas:
• Highlight ways you have partnered with agencies, ministries, and churches to meet people's needs during the pandemic. A shared time of struggle offers a great opportunity to showcase churches working together.
• Start a new cycle of small groups focusing on inviting new people in the community to join. This can be done socially distanced outside, on church property, or via zoom (or a combination of these). This is one reason churches start small groups afresh more than once a year. It affords a new opportunity for new folks to step into something they haven't experienced before. There have been a lot of people tuning into online services who haven't been attending church, and people who have joined Zoom small groups who've not yet been to the physical church location. Let's take advantage and invite them into community.
From Outreach Magazine Try This: Coordinate an Easter Egg Drop
• Show them new ways your church has approached ministry, worship, and service to the community. Not all the changes this pandemic has caused over the past few months have been negative; many new things have been created. Most unchurched people in your community walk or drive by your church with little idea of what you up to. Now you have the opportunity again to communicate, "Hey, here's who we are and what we're about". Because of COVID, you won't have a big grand opening, but you can plan a phased reopening. Throughout your reopening, you can reintroduce yourself using a carefully executed plan.
Many pastors and church leaders meet for hours on end and for lengthy seasons trying to figure out ways to communicate with and serve their community. The novel coronavirus has forced us to do novel things; let's show and share Jesus through them.
Read more from Ed Stetzer »
This article originally appeared on The Exchange and is reposted here by permission.
Billy Graham Center
Wheaton College Billy Graham Center
church ideas
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https://edstetzer.com/
Ed Stetzer, is the editor-in-chief of Outreach magazine, and a professor and dean at Wheaton College where he also serves as executive director of the Wheaton College Billy Graham Center. He has planted, revitalized, and pastored churches, trained pastors and church planters on six continents, and has written hundreds of articles and a dozen books. He currently serves as interim teaching pastor of Calvary Church in New York City and teaching pastor at Highpoint Church in Naperville, Illinois.
He is also regional director for Lausanne North America, and is frequently cited in, interviewed by and writes for news outlets such as USA Today and CNN. He is the founding editor of The Gospel Project, and his national radio show, Ed Stetzer Live, airs Saturdays on Moody Radio and affiliates.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Identify how you are going to compete in your market. What's your strategy? Will it be through customer intimacy, product or service leadership, or lowest total cost? Identify your strengths and capitalize on them.
"Hi, my name's Erica Olsen. Today's topic is Organization-wide Strategies.
Because strategy is such a confusing word. Let's start with the definition first. We just confuse it with tactics and goals and all sorts of other things, and planning and… Think of it as a method, a series of maneuvers, and my favorite word which is guard rails. So an analogy would be, if you're climbing a mountain, going from base camp to the summit, what's your strategy? Is it two people, four people, six people on your team? Are you roped? Are you unroped? Which path are you taking up the mountain? Are you using cram pounds and ice axes, or are you hiking? All of those components would make up your strategy.
Organizations have different levels of strategy, and today's talk is specifically about organizationwide strategies, but let's put it in context first.
Corporate level strategies, there are three: growth, stabilization and retrenchment. Most of the time in planning we're focusing on growth but not always, sometimes stabilization, especially in government today.
Organizationwide strategies are more specific to the business unit, or perhaps the overall organization at that time. So it tends to be somewhat time-based or plan-based, as the case may be. We have two boxes here because if you have different business units you may be executing different organizationwide strategies.
Footnote: Micheal Porter is the one that dreamt this up, and he calls these generic strategies. So we're going to talk about that more in just a minute.
Within these strategies, you're always executing market level strategies for specific markets, such as going deeper in your current markets, entering new ones, expanding perhaps geographically or buy new products and new services. So market level strategies is the next level of strategy that is a maneuver or guard rails to go after a specific market. But let's pop it up to here, because this is where we tend to get quite confused.
Over here, there are of course three organizationwide strategies. And they're based on two axes. The scope of competition – is it broad or narrow? Is the market broad or narrow? This tends to be pretty confusing. Let's clarify it for just a minute. These two particular strategies are focused on the fact that you're going after a non-specific, maybe multi-market segments that might have similar needs, they probably do, that's why they're buying your products and services, but it's fairly broad.
More specific is the customer intimacy strategy, where perhaps you're developing specific products and services to meet a very specific narrow market segment. I wouldn't think about this so much based on the size of the market, as much as it is a need based.
This axis up here is your base for competition, your competitive advantages. Is it primarily cost, or is it primarily uniqueness? Total cost is the intersection of low cost, or lowest cost or best price and a broad market. Don't confuse this with the fact that it's always the lowest cost, because it might not be.
Southwest is our poster child for the low cost strategy. It's not always the best price, but definitely the total best cost. IKEA is another example. The strategy looks like limited options, best price, convenience, limited selection. Wal-mart's another one. We're definitely buying because we have a perception as a consumer that it's the best cost.
Product/ Service/ Leadership on the other hand is competing based on the uniqueness of the product and service to a large target market. Examples here, and again we know these well: Apple, Intel, and perhaps from sort of the newer companies, let's go with Groupon. These strategies get executed based on innovation and very much first to market. You do not get to execute this strategy if you're not first to market.
Customer Intimacy is leveraging both uniqueness and cost to more of a narrow market. Now, let's not get confused. Both this strategy and this strategy require you to know your customer. So don't forget that. None of us would of course in today, but this strategy is first starting with targeting a narrow market and building upward from that choice. Examples of that would be Nordstorms and Goldman Sachs. This strategy is about building relationships and the best service with your customers and all the systems and infrastructure to make that happen. Think about how Nordstorms does that for their clients.


text:
Victoria has recorded 1534 new COVID-19 cases and 13 deaths in the 24 hours to midnight. The state is now at 76 per cent fully vaccinated for citizens over 16 years. There are 748 patients in hospital with COVID-19, with 138 in ICU and 87 ventilated. The number of active cases across Victoria is 24,164, while 83,210 tests were conducted yesterday. State-run vaccination clinics administered 24,180 doses of vaccine yesterday, while 4,509,236 doses have been administered in total. READ MORE: The QR code check-in app Victorians use to register at cafes, shops and even playgrounds will also be able to let them know if they have visited an exposure site. An update to the Service Victoria app will mean it can notify people if they have visited a tier one exposure site, according to the Chief Health Officer's update on Tuesday. Previously, Victorians had to keep a close eye on government exposure site listings, which can run to hundreds of locations, or wait for health authorities to contact them directly.
/images/transform/v1/crop/frm/R7sDaMurkWxVpij7Babdbr/cbb0b8df-59d0-406e-aadc-4a3d5067e95f.png/r4_0_1597_900_w1200_h678_fmax.jpg
October 27 2021 - 9:00AM
Victoria records 13 COVID-19 deaths, 1534 new cases
Kim Chappell
There are 748 patients in hospital with COVID-19.
https://players.brightcove.net/3879528182001/default_default/index.html?videoId=6278960328001
Victoria has recorded 1534 new COVID-19 cases and 13 deaths in the 24 hours to midnight.
The state is now at 76 per cent fully vaccinated for citizens over 16 years.
There are 748 patients in hospital with COVID-19, with 138 in ICU and 87 ventilated.
The number of active cases across Victoria is 24,164, while 83,210 tests were conducted yesterday.
State-run vaccination clinics administered 24,180 doses of vaccine yesterday, while 4,509,236 doses have been administered in total.
Australia approves COVID-19 booster shot
Vaccine mandate challenge heads to court
COVID-19 outbreak on NSW-Victoria border
The QR code check-in app Victorians use to register at cafes, shops and even playgrounds will also be able to let them know if they have visited an exposure site.
An update to the Service Victoria app will mean it can notify people if they have visited a tier one exposure site, according to the Chief Health Officer's update on Tuesday.
Photo: File
Previously, Victorians had to keep a close eye on government exposure site listings, which can run to hundreds of locations, or wait for health authorities to contact them directly.


I love my job for many reasons: The fun of seeing fresh new artwork come in, the sense of pride when we meet a new client who wants to work with us, the satisfaction of a job well done.
But the absolute best-est part of the job is welcoming a new artist to the fold! Today I would like to introduce – Ta-daa! – Miriam Bos!
If ever there was an artist who fit right in with our talent group it's Miriam. Take a look at these samples of her work and see if you don't agree.
Come see Miriam and all the JNA artists' fantastic work at BLUE PRINT!
Miriam lives in The Netherlands where I was lucky enough to live a long time ago. Her last name "Bos," pronounced close to our english "boss," and is Dutch for "forest." She and her husband love the woods and take bicycle trips to explore the area around their city of Apeldoorn. You can sense her love of nature when you see her gorgeous renderings of plants and animals.
Starting out as a children's illustrator, Miriam jumped into surface and pattern design a few years ago and hasn't looked back. She already has two fabric design collections to her name with many more to come, I'm sure.
Miriam has a quirky style mixing both traditional and digital techniques. The result is sheer delight! Please join me in welcoming Miriam Bos to Jennifer Nelson Artists!


text:
Information service of the Pontifical Mission Societies since 1927
Thursday, 20 January 2022 [GMT +1]
MISSIONARIES KILLED
Acts of the Holy See
CEP Appointments
ASIA/VIETNAM - Appointment of coadjutor bishop of Bac Ninh
Appointment of Bishop of Hung Hoá, Mgr Dominic Hoang Minh Tien
The mission of the Dehonians: "At the service of the Vietnamese people, announcing the Good News"
Missionaries like Francis Xavier: 38 new priests, a gift for the Church
The celebration of the Vietnamese martyrs and the example of martyrdom, alive and necessary today
Vietnamese martyrs, a source of encouragement for Catholic communities
In the name of compassion, believers of different faiths help the sick and suffering
Vatican City (Agenzia Fides) - The Holy Father has appointed the Reverend Joseph Do Quang Khang, until now lecturer and dean of studies in the Saint Joseph Major Seminary in Saigon, as coadjutor bishop of the diocese of Bac Ninh, Vietnam.
Msgr. Joseph Do Quang Khang was born on 7 November 1965 in Thu Duc, in the metropolitan archdiocese of Hôchiminh Ville. From 1993 to 1999 he carried out his studies in philosophy and theology in the Saint Joseph Major Seminary. From 2001 to 2006 he carried out his studies in Biblical theology at the Institut Catholique de Toulouse, France, obtaining a master's degree. From 2006 to 2010 he studied at the Pontifical Biblical Institute in Rome, where he was awarded a licentiate in Sacred Scripture.
He was ordained a priest on 30 June 1999 for the metropolitan archdiocese of Hôchiminh Ville.
He has held the following offices: parish vicar of Cho Dui (1999-2001) and from 2010 to the present, dean of studies in the Saint Joseph Major Seminary in Saigon, and lecturer in Sacred Scripture and Biblical Greek in the same seminary, and in the Catholic Institute of Vietnam. (SL) (Agenzia Fides 30/10/2021)
The contents of the site are licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
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Uncover a different perspective on menopause. Welcome and honor this change as a powerful spiritual initiation that celebrates the wisdom of women's post-menstruating years.
We anticipate this special workshop to reach capacity; pre-registration is highly recommended.
This workshop is eligible for SYA's 300-hour TT credit or as Yoga Alliance Continuing Education Credits. Please note a certificate will not be provided; any Yoga Alliance CECs will need to be logged manually.


F.P. Caillet Elementary School is an above average, public school located in DALLAS, TX. It has 701 students in grades PK, K-5 with a student-teacher ratio of 16 to 1. According to state test scores, 83% of students are at least proficient in math and 73% in reading.
Do You Work at F.P. Caillet Elementary School? Claim Your School Today!


A well tuned plane is surely one of the most enjoyable woodwork tools to use. A very interesting video, like many on your site. Good work!
hey thanks for finding my blog! This video is actually one of the videos I watched to help guide me through the restoration process. I've added a link to the video so other readers can watch it as well.
Keith's Note: We'll be watching your progress. I'm sure it will turn out fantastic and you'll love that #5 Stanley.
Per another one of your video's I am purchasing an old Bailey Plane and this video was perfect for getting it back in shape. Love your site and keep up the great work!
So after watching this, I've dug out my grandfather's old Bailey #5 and went to town on it! I'm in the process of flattening the blade and getting it all tuned up. Thanks so much for this! It's breathing new life into a forgotten tool.
Thanks. A GREAT tutorial. I can't wait to get back to my shop!
Nice work. What a great way to spend my lunch hour!
Thanks for the site and the help you provide for those of us who wish to know more about our craft.
Another great video Keith. Besides a plane that is too rusty to fix, what criteria do you use when purchasing a used plane? After seeing your video, I am considering looking at used planes to get me started. I am pretty handy with dismantling, cleaning and reassembling things so I would enjoy the task of bringing something back to its useful life.
Thanks again for bringing us along on your journey. Keep up the great work.
I'm not a vintage plane expert, particularly regarding the collecting of rarer planes. But as a tool user, I can say that if you stick with the pre-war (WWII) Bailey and Stanley planes, you can't go too far wrong. They are workhorses and are very well made.
Found your website through researching planes. You have done a great job explaining how to tune up your planes. I have found two rusty planes, I believe there Bailey planes. They are well rusted. The main parts, frog…. ect. are rusty and the paint is peeling off the sole. These seem to have very tight mechanical workings and I dont know if I can get in between them? What would you suggest?
Keith's Note: Congrats on finding the planes. To renovate the plane to working condition, just work methodically dismantling, cleaning, and truing things up as shown in the video.
On many pre-war Stanley/Bailey planes there is no paint or varnish finish on any part of the plane that touches your work. The handles are often a clear coat – a varnish or shellac. There may be a painted or "japanned" finish on some topside parts and mechanisms, which helped prevent rust. On the metal parts that were painted, they were often "japanned." You can leave these as-is, or you can touch-up or restore. There are several different sources online about how to apply a modern japan finish or how to restore a real japanned finish. I'm not an expert on that.
On the varnished wooden handles, I'd probably want mine to look original with the original finish, if it can be saved. If the finish is pretty worn off, see if alcohol will melt the old/dirty finish. If it does, then you can clean the finish gently, maybe even leaving most of the old finish intact – and then applying a thin topcoat of shellac. If alcohol won't melt the finish (which is likely), then it is probably a varnish or paint. If not too damaged, these finishes can be cleaned up and then you can apply some boiled (must say "boiled" on the label) linseed oil to the wood just to freshen things up. You'll need to wipe on the oil, then wipe off 10 minutes later and then let the oil dry for a few days – then you can seal it in with a shellac top coat.
By using shellac, you are applying a non-destructive finish that can be removed later. That's one way to go, which will only minimally alter the original patina – if you want to preserve the vintage look. There is no right or wrong way to do this really – especially for "user-type" planes that are not particularly rare. I suppose it's debatable how rare or collectable most pre-war Stanley planes are.
This video has answered several questions I had about adjusting a plane. I would say it was excellent. Well done!
3) Adjust the blade so it just projects from the surface of the bottom of the plane.
but when you do number 3 doesn't it change the measurement of number 2?
Keith's Note: The blade distance should remain constant regardless of the blade projection.
Keith's Note: Tony, in what sounds like a bit of a dressing down, provides in the comment below, a very detailed view on the advantages of using vintage cabinetmakers's screwdrivers to tune a handplane. It should be noted that I'm well aware of the type of screwdrivers Tony references, and I even own couple of smaller sized ones myself, but I have yet to procure a set of vintage screwdrivers sized to fit my Bailey #5.
The truth is, like most of us, I don't have among my collection of hand tools, all the tools I might want. As Tony states, proper vintage screwdrivers are hard to find. So like most tool users, I make do with what is "at hand" in the interest of getting the job done correctly, precisely, and safely.
In his critique, Tony says I'm using an incorrect grip and short driver – but the fact is it is a correct down-force grip for the imperfect but serviceable screwdriver that I'm using. By contrast, the vintage screwdriver, that perfect screwdriver that Tony describes, requires no down-force to keep the blade seated in the screw head. For the rest of us, who don't own such a screwdriver (yet), we are forced to use the grip shown, using down-pressure to keep the blade seated deep in the slot.
I suppose it should be noted that if you are a tool collector who is buying expensive planes meant for collections, you'll never want to work on them without the perfect tools that Tony describes for fear of nicking or marring the antique fittings. But for tool "users" who find "beat up" planes in junk shops and want to return them to service again for daily use, I'm not so concerned about having the exact, perfectly sized, screwdriver for each screw head on the tool. I just want as many folks as possible to discover the joy of using a handplane, with as few constraints or requirements as possible placed in their way.
That said, there is no doubt that the old-timers, the craftsmen from another era, had the right tools and skills to do the highest quality work. And Tony, your wisdom is priceless and much needed. Our task is to preserve this knowledge, make it approachable, relatively affordable, and if we deviate from perfection along the way, it's fair to point this out as Tony does so well here, but I certainly don't think that we should avoid the acquisition of some skill or use of some technique because we don't have the perfect tool for the task.
An interesting and helpful demo for up and comers. Don't mistake a scrub-plane blade as a worn out smoothing blade though. Scrub iron requires considerable skill to sharpen well. So do straight planer blades and caps.
Keith, though having other obvious skills, has adopted however one very common and very poor practice of using the incorrect screwdriver and it will show on the screws. Each screw slot especially on vintage planes MUST have a screwdriver of the absolutely correct fit. Few today in our "off the shelf" age know how to sharpen a screwdriver correctly..the tip must be the termination of a correct hollow grind…flat ground screwdrivers reflect an ignorant, i.e. untrained or careless user.
The turning moment SHOULD be at the BOTTOM of the slot.
Keith uses an incorrect length of screwdriver and with an incorrect style of grip. Older screwdrivers were not made by ignorant fools with primitive resources…as were not Strad violins…these people used hand tools to produce excellence and with skills rapidly disappearing fast we have few to teach skills.
The grip on older drivers were less often round than a sort of "teardrop" shape…this gave a comfortable palm pressure and good leverage to turn the driver. Today almost without exception screw-drivers have round plastic handles, leading to bad habits, poor finish of screws and injury to he product and use.
Keith is promoting and I applaud him, those skills and tools almost gone from our far-to-busy society where 'home user" electric tools are imported from china and where steel quality is reduced to encourage "throw away".
Apprentices today are rarely taught how to CORRECTLY sharpen screwdrivers or HSS drills for example…they haven't a clue and learn from cheap junk drills for example, with flat lands, many of which cannot drill an hole although claimed to be "steel drills", well they may be but the materials they can cut don't include it.
After that "awareness" commentary…Keith probably selected the screwdriver as he wanted to get close to the screws to reduce slipping…yet immediately it was evident it failed…. and to get to the throat adjusting bracket….The screw-driver is simply the incorrect type…he ought to use a "vintage" type, maybe up to 12 inches long, because the CORRECT grip and the CORRECT sharpening will give all the CORRECT control he needs. Moreover…the plane should also be secured in between three pieces of timber screwed the the bench in a "U" pattern, when dismantling …to hold the plane with one hand and screwdriver in the other is asking for problems.
The correct way to the throat adjuster screw is NOT to do as shown but is to remove the tote and the hardware for it and use the correctly sharpened, precisely fitting screw-driver whose grip comes outside of the rear of the plane sole, giving a direct turning moment and not an offset. These planes' screws are usually ruined in appearance by people who don't know or care about using tools properly…they'll claim to be great carpenters but are not good tradesmen. Today these spare-parts are not down at the local store and Stanley for example, had its own threads…trying the wrong one can strip out the casat iron.
Used your video to tune my father's 40 year old plane. It now works better than he ever remembers. Thanks.
A very complete and informative video. Other videos I've seen skip over many of the details covered here. As someone who's never been shown the proper way, this video answered so many questions. Many thanks, you have a new fan.
Used your video to tune my Bailey #5 Jack Plane. It was handed down years ago from my Grandfather who passed away in the 50's when he was in his late 80's! I'm not sure how long he owned it but I'm certain it is over 100 years old!
Keith's Note: I'm glad you got it working again. You will love this plane.
It looks like WD 40 you are using as the penetrating oil. Wouldn't you have to use some sort of cleaner to get the oily residue of that off? I am attempting to get a Stanley 5 1/2 back in working order. Great video!
Keith's Note: Try using mineral spirits to clean up after using the WD-40. I've found that after buffing the metal out with a soft cloth, there really isn't much cleaner/solvent left behind. Good luck!
Thanks for the detailed information. I recently acquired a Baileys 5 1/4 and I am looking forward to restoring it. What I was unable to find yet was the angle to which the blade of this plane should be sharpened.
I own a MK II honing guide from Veritas and could apply the original angle at which those blades were sharpened if only I knew the correct angle.
Keith's Note: Let's see if anyone has the angle that was historically specified. I don't have it and could only guess. Well regarded blade maker, http://www.hocktools.com, says "Most block and bench plane blades are ground to 25°". I think that this is a pretty good guess as to what the original Baileys were ground to.
This is a great video and I used your video to tune-up and sharpen my Stanley Bailey #4 (which looks nearly new). I took it apart, cleaned and sharpened it. However, it does not have an adjustment knob for adjusting the distance that the blade is from the edge of the throat. It does have an adjustment for raising and lowering the blade angle. So can you tell me how to adjust the space that the blade sits back from the throat opening? Thank you for your help and a great video.
Keith's Note: Watch the video at about the 7:00 mark. At this point in the tutorial, you'll see the explanation on how to adjust the frog to the correct angle and opening gap relative to the throat of the plane. On the #5 there is no adjustment knob, but rather the adjustment is made by carefully fussing with the slightly loosened frog and then re-tightening the two screws that hold it firmly in place. Once this adjustment is made you won't have to do it again for years, so it's worth taking the time to do it right and tightening the screws well (and carefully so as not to damage them).
Great video, you touched all the important issues. I have one question as to the orientation of the blade. I have two bench planes that have been in the family for some time. One resembles the Bailey you show in your video which is over 100 years old which has no manufacturer's name but only shows a raised "MADE IN USE" at the front edge in front of the knob and a Stanley Handyman short plane. I have taken both apart and the blades are reversed and would like to know what is the proper way to put the blade and cap iron together.
Keith's Note: You've got me on that question. If you haven't already, I'd suggest you review the video here and carefully study the orientation of the blade and bevel as shown there. You're planes are likely similar and would re-assemble in a similar fashion.
Thank you so much for this video instruction. I took the steps you put out here, and now ALL my planes are taking translucent shavings when I want them to! As others have said, there is nothing more satisfying than the sight and sound of a plane well tuned and sharp working on wood!
Keith's Note: So glad you've had success.
As a 66 year grandma who recently became interested in woodworking, I inherited many of my fathers old hand tools (he was a cabinet maker I think, so I recently dug out his #5 jack plane which looks exactly like the one you demonstrated in your video. It is in dire need of a tune up. Most videos usually show variations of the tools that I am looking information on. I sure wish that during all that time spent in the shop with dad that I had been interested enough as a kid to get him to teach me the things I am now trying to learn on my own. He would have been pleased his girl was interested and would have taught me anything and everything with pleasure and patience. There is nothing like Old style craftsmanship. I do so regret those wasted learning experiences. Thankfully I am finding wonderful craftsmen on the web who are teaching these useful lessons. I just kind of lucked out cause your video popped up at the top of my search engine. Your explanations, directions, and videos are clear and concise enough for an old beginner like myself and I thank you for all the work and effort you take to teach those of us who need your knowledge.
But now I have a few questions for you if you will bear with me. In trying to unscrew the cap iron from the blade It seems it is either rusted a bit around the screw or there is debris between them with a slight oil mixed in and I cannot get them apart. Would it be harmful to the tool if I saturated the screw area for a few days to try to loosen the gunk or screw? Also I am confused still about what size and type screwdriver DO I use if I cant get the old ones from the 1800's? Did I also tell you that I love woodworking and using scredrivers on tight screws is a bear with arthritic hands? Thanks for all your hard work teaching us what you know and I am almost finished with my first project…my first workbench. Anticipating your response. Great website!!!
Keith's Note: Thanks for joining us at WoodTreks and welcome to this wonderful hobby. To answer your question about loosening the plane's bolts/screws… I would soak the threads with a penetrating oil like WD-40. For really tough rust, apply the penetrating oil several times, allowing time for the oil to seep deep into the part. You might even let it soak overnight. Let the oil do the work. The other key is to make sure you use a properly sized screwdriver. You'll likely need a large blade screwdriver, which are hard to come by these days. If you can find an antique screwdriver made for this task, all the better. Remember, a snug fit is essential. To break the screw loose, carefully apply torque while pressing the correctly sized blade firmly down into the slot. This may not be easy, but take your time as you apply the penetrating oil again and again. Carefully tapping the screw head with a small hammer might break the part free. Good luck and welcome to the world of wood crafts.


In Colorado, craft beer is serious business. Not just anyone can set up shop and be considered a true Colorado craft beer. Years of brewing experience and practicing our craft have shaped our unique beers and original ales. when we say we brew craft beer, we mean Colorado craft beer.
No matter what you enjoy at Colorado Mountain Brewery, you will find an original flavor worthy of Colorado.


"Go ahead, you can catch those girls," Julie Deutschmann-Thienel said to Kerry Bowes half way through the Women's Distance Festival 5k last Friday, July 6. The two had met for the first time on July 4 at the Meadefest 5k, where the younger Bowes had finished second overall and just beaten Thienel, who had set a personal record. Half-way around the Columbiba Mall, however, Julie ran ahead of Kerry and seemed on the verge of retaliation. When Bowes caught her rival the two of them were in third and fourth place, and Thienel's words encouraged the former University of Maryland miler enough to challenge and overtake the leaders. Running "relaxed," Ms. Bowes went on to win the all-woman race by the margin of 20 seconds. Thienel hung on to finish third overall, narrowly missing second place in a spirited sprint against Kristen Bremmer of Baltimore but setting yet another personal record.
Mothers-and-daughters paired up to compete in two age groups as two-person teams, although some of the 24 teams may have signed up to showcase peculiar team names. In the event, Bob's Babes (Lindsay and Nancy Burns) outlasted the Georges (Libby and Lissa George) in the 15-and-Up group, while the Hibberts (Kathy and Jessica) overwhelmed the Under-15 group. The Georges have won the team competition in previous years, but were handicapped this year by Libby's suffering a broken foot in the Spring while running for Haverford College. "I was happy to finish under 27 [minutes]!" enthused her mother Lissa.
The WDF race drew an all-woman field of 382 finishers. The women began running at midnight and circled the Columbia Mall twice. Unseasonably cool weather as well as the absence of a concert at Meriwether Post Pavilion and a nearly flat course made for a comfortable race. In spite of the favorable conditions, the numbers of runners was diminished somewhat because many were out of town for Independence Day.
Six-year-old Alyssa Shouse, the youngest runner, ran with her sisters Nicole and Chelsea. They all set personal records, and Alyssa beat her older sister, Chelsea. "My shoes came untied," protested Chelsea (it was her first 5 km). "I had to carry Alyssa to the car because she was asleep," commented Mrs. Karen Shouse about their late-night arrival. Along with all the 12 and under girls, the Shouse sisters received medals, and young Alyssa also won a random award.
For many of the women, the 5 km race marked their graduation from the Females In Training (FIT) program, conducted by the Howard County Striders every Spring. The FIT women had been running (and walking) every Tuesday and Thursday afternoon since April. Over 50 participants graduated this Spring.
For winning the race, Kerry Bowes earned a free entry into the Avon Women's race in Baltimore in September as well as a Dry Release Shirt and other merchandise. Age group winners received lucite plaques and gift certificates from Feet First. Every participant got multi-color t-shirts and enjoyed bagels, fruit, spring water, and FIT graduation cake at the post-race ceremony.
Carrie Perfetto and Mikie Nard, two former FIT students, made their debut as directors of the Women's Distance Festival. They were supported by the Howard County Strider men, who marshaled the race and managed the finish line, by the Howard County Police, and most importantly by Columbia Mall personnel who stayed up much later than usual to help administer the race. The Howard County General Hospital was the principal sponsor of the race and contributed a donation to the Sexual Trauma Treatment and Recovery (STTAR) Center on behalf of the Women's Distance Festival.
The race is one of a series of WDF races held during the summer under the auspices of the Road Runner's Club of America. Originally intended to celebrate the beginning of the women's marathon at the Olympics, the WDF races now encourage women's fitness through running. The Howard County edition of the Festival has taken place since the 1980's.


text:
Singapore Academy of Law Journal
Nbr. 2017, December 2017
LOCALISING ADMINISTRATIVE LAW IN SINGAPORE
Document Cited authorities 51 Cited in Related
Citation (2017) 29 SAcLJ 828
Published date 01 December 2017
Date 01 December 2017
Embracing Inter-branch Equality
This article considers two main ways in which Singapore courts have localised administrative law, departing from its English law roots. First, it will look at differences in the balance struck by courts between themselves and the Executive in the review of administrative action. Traditional analyses of administrative law in common law jurisdictions tend to rationalise a particular hierarchy between courts and the Executive based on factors like the relative institutional expertise of the institutions and the relative political and democratic credentials of the two branches. This article argues for a third possible analysis for Singapore: one that is premised not on the supremacy of either branch but, instead, on the idea of co-equality. Secondly, the article will look at how this co-equality is manifested in the court's approach to reviewing the substantive aspects of administrative decision-making. Through this analysis of the localisation of Singapore administrative law, the article ultimately seeks to contribute to a richer and more robust understanding of "common law" administrative law systems.
1 As with other common law jurisdictions, administrative law in Singapore has its foundations in the English common law. However, it has generally not tracked developments in English administrative law. This article will consider two main departures.
2 First, it will look at differences in the balance struck by courts between themselves and the Executive in the review of administrative action. While, in Singapore, the courts have referenced constitutional principles like the "rule of law" and "separation of powers", in common with English courts, the operation of these principles has been
influenced significantly by the local political environment.1 In the English context, these constitutional principles are confronted with the idea of parliamentary supremacy, another fundamental precept of English constitutional law, with judges taking contrasting positions on the relationship between the various principles. On some occasions, courts have emphasised that the rule of law operates as a ceiling against any assertion that judicial review is restricted on the basis of parliamentary supremacy. However, there are also examples of cases where the courts have held that parliamentary supremacy trumps other constitutional principles to restrict judicial review.2 In Singapore, parliamentary supremacy is not a part of the formal constitutional framework.3 However, there has still been a debate over which constitutional norms take primacy in the context of judicial review.4Therefore, "the notion of a subjective or unfettered discretion [being] contrary to the rule of law"5 has competed with varying concepts of the separation of powers: the latter manifesting itself through the exercise of judicial deference,6 the identification of non-justiciable areas of review7 and the extension of a presumption of legality to executive action.8 The discussion in section II will highlight how this competition has been resolved over time by the courts in Singapore. It will demonstrate how the courts have chosen to articulate different equilibrium points between the courts and the Executive, with the most recent one being premised on the idea of the co-equality of both branches versus the supremacy of either, the latter being more characteristic of the ongoing debate in the English context.
3 Secondly, the article will look at how this idea of co-equality is apparent in recent developments in judicial review of the more substantive aspects of administrative decision-making (such as the "reasonableness" of an executive decision). It is in this context that the constitutional tussle between courts and the Executive can be the most acute. Therefore, a consideration of the court's approach to substantive review in any jurisdiction is highly indicative of the size of the role of the Judiciary in the overall accountability and governance machinery of a state. The issue is also relevant when looking at how administrative law doctrine has taken a more indigenous development route. Substantive review of executive decision-making has been the subject of the most significant advancements in the English context, largely influenced by European jurisprudence both prior to and after the enactment of the Human Rights Act. Relative to those developments, and in the absence of any equivalent regional or local political mandate to develop the law in this direction, the courts in Singapore have for a long time maintained a conservative approach to substantive review of executive decision-making,9 preferring instead to rely on the traditional grounds of review derived from Lord Diplock's now famous exposition in
Council of Civil Service Unions v Minister for the Civil Service,10 namely: illegality, irrationality and procedural impropriety. This article looks at recent extensions in the area of substantive review. In particular, it will look at the recent recognition of a localised version of the doctrine of substantive legitimate expectations,11 evidence of the use of varying standards of review within irrationality review12 and the recent embryonic use of "balancing" or proportionality-type analyses in reviewing the legality of executive action.13 The analysis will highlight how the developments here have been much more gradual and incremental than in the English context.
4 Through this analysis of the localisation of Singapore administrative law, this article ultimately seeks to contribute to a richer and more robust understanding of "common law" administrative law systems. Traditionally, analyses of administrative law in common law jurisdictions tend to rationalise a particular hierarchy between courts and the Executive depending on an evaluation of factors like the relative institutional expertise of the institutions, political legitimacy of either and/or the democratic (or otherwise) credentials of the two branches.14 This article argues for a third possible analysis: one that is premised not on the supremacy of either branch but, instead, on the idea of co-equality and balance between the two branches.
II. Evolving attitudes towards judicial review of administrative action
5 Singapore is administratively complex with the work of the State carried out by a multitude of government ministries, government corporations and statutory boards that regulate almost all aspects of life: from healthcare, education and housing to environmental planning, trade and business development and transport infrastructure.15 Given the "largeness" of the administrative state, scholars have argued that there are one of two responses open to the Judiciary in checking the executive branch through judicial review.
6 One is a "green-light" approach based on trust in the Executive and its internal mechanisms for ensuring good governance and accountability. Alternatively, the Judiciary may be "red light" in response to such a concentration of power and subject the exercise of executive power to more intense scrutiny.16 This could be especially so in a Westminster-style system where the Executive is drawn from the elected members of Parliament and the latter, therefore, potentially becomes a relatively blunter tool of independent accountability. This may be mitigated, to some extent, in a bicameral parliamentary system like the English parliamentary system.
7 This has been the prompt for a predominantly red-light approach to expansions in the grounds of judicial review in the English context.17 This could be due to the early influence of Albert Venn Dicey on English public law. Dicey viewed discretionary power, with its inherent potential for abuse, as intrinsically contrary to the rule of law and, therefore, something to be kept firmly in check.18 It could be argued that a similar "red light" approach should be adopted in Singapore. It has a unicameral and dominant party-membership-based legislature, where the latter has been constituted by a strong majority from a single political party since Singapore's independence, leading scholars to query the capacity of the Legislature to act as an effective check.19 However, in Singapore, there have been a number of
justifications offered for maintaining a green-light approach, notwithstanding Singapore's Westminster political system. The former Chief Justice, Chan Sek Keong, observed:20
Judicial review is … a function of socio-political attitudes in the particular community … In the UK, there is a strong perception that the traditional institutional remedies for correcting executive excesses, such as ministerial responsibility, parliamentary oversight committees and public inquiries, have proven ineffective, while the burgeoning welfare system has meant greater state intrusion and interference with individual fundamental liberties. It was to safeguard these rights and liberties that the courts in the UK stepped into the constitutional vacuum and developed a strong body of administrative law principles, through which citizens could take steps to challenge and put a stop to unlawful government action …
… I would like you to consider whether this is the right perspective for Singapore to adopt. There are, of course, pros and cons in such matters, depending on one's views on the social and legal values we should espouse and how society should be governed. One argument would be that … the 'green-light' approach is more appropriate for Singapore. This approach sees public administration not as a necessary evil but a positive attribute, and the objective of administrative law as not (primarily) to stop bad administrative practices but to encourage good ones. 'Green-light' views of administrative law do not see the courts as the first line of defence against administrative abuses of power: instead, control can and should come internally from Parliament and the Executive itself in...


text:
CCDM
CCDM Conference
Former US Surgeon General and World Association of Disaster and Emergency Medicine President to Deliver Keynote Addresses at Caribbean Center for Disaster Medicine Conference
The 2020 International Conference on Disaster Medicine and Hurricane Resiliency will feature keynote addresses from Dr. Richard Carmona and Dr. Greg Ciottone
American University of the Caribbean (AUC) School of Medicine's Caribbean Center for Disaster Medicine (CCDM) is dedicated to fostering collaboration among professionals responsible for healthcare delivery, disaster preparedness, emergency response and medical education. This critical mission is the driving force behind the CCDM's second annual International Conference on Disaster Medicine and Hurricane Resiliency, to be held March 26-29, 2020, at AUC's medical sciences campus in Sint Maarten. The conference will feature keynote addresses from Dr. Richard Carmona, the 17th Surgeon General of the United States, and Dr. Greg Ciottone, president of the World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine.
More than 2.6 billion people have been impacted by a natural disaster over the past decade, affecting everyone from the elderly, families and children to pets and livestock. In addition to the potential for mass casualties, disasters can leave survivors struggling with mental health issues, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and communities battling a host of infectious diseases. With a catastrophic impact on global health, these areas will be in sharp focus for this year's conference.
"Disasters leave communities struggling with very basic necessities, such as access to critical healthcare services. With this in mind, the CCDM was formed to increase collaboration across the Caribbean and among global experts in disaster medicine," said Mark Quirk, Ed.D., executive director of the CCDM. "This conference is an important opportunity to bring together people from multiple professional and academic fields to share insights and experiences regarding a common interest: how to better prepare healthcare providers and the communities they serve in the face of a disaster."
"AUC School of Medicine is honored to welcome both Dr. Carmona and Dr. Ciottone as we bring together an international community to focus on health care providers' roles in preparation of and response to disasters in their communities," said Dr. Heidi Chumley, executive dean, AUC School of Medicine. "We helped found the CCDM to bring greater partnership, training and resources to disaster healthcare preparation and response, and this conference continues to be a crucial component of that work."
Dr. Carmona served as the 17th Surgeon General of the United States. He has an extensive leadership background that includes work in public health, emergency preparedness, law enforcement and healthcare management, in addition to his work as a trauma surgeon and his decorated service career in the United States Army Special Forces. Carmona is currently chief of health innovations at Canyon Ranch and distinguished professor at the University of Arizona and The Ohio State University.
Dr. Greg Ciottone is an American physician specializing in disaster and counterterrorism medicine. He is president of the World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine and also serves as an associate professor of emergency medicine at Harvard Medical School and director of the Division of Disaster Medicine at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.
The three-day conference, organized in collaboration between the CCDM and Harvard Medical Faculty Physicians at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Inc., provides an opportunity for attendees to receive continuing medical education (CME) credit. Healthcare professionals, administrators, educators, researchers and emergency personnel are encouraged to attend.
AUC Hosts 2021 CCDM Virtual Disaster Medicine Conference
On Wednesday, April 28, AUC hosted the 2021 Caribbean Center for Disaster Medicine Virtual Conference featuring global disaster medicine thought leaders across disciplines including medicine, nursing, public health, veterinary medicine, government and more.
Island Physicians Build Emergency Medical Skills during Recent Training Program
Staff physicians from Sint Maarten Medical Center and Louis Constant Fleming Medical Center completed a two-day Continuing Medical Education program on the use of point-of-care ultrasound to treat patients.
Caribbean Center for Disaster Medicine & Caribbean Disaster Emergency Management Agency Establish Partnership to Improve Region's Healthcare Preparedness
Groups sign agreement to collaborate on strengthening disaster medicine in the Caribbean


Glycerol conversion into chemicals and fuel additives is pursued to valorise a burgeoning by-product in the bioenergy sector. To this aim, heterogeneous catalysts have been developed that enable, in many cases, efficient and green transformations. Still, the evaluation of the environmental and economic footprint that would be associated with their large-scale application has often been neglected, limiting their commercial attractiveness. Furthermore, the impact of integrating different glycerol upgrading routes within a biorefinery, which is highly instrumental to determine the effective sustainability and profitability of biodiesel production from vegetable oils, has not been assessed. Here, the manufacture of the most relevant chemical derivatives of glycerol is considered, i.e., lactic acid, acrylic acid, glycerol carbonate, propanediols, epichlorohydrin and allyl alcohol. State-of-the-art catalysts for each upgrading route are briefly reviewed. Based on their performances, processes are rigorously modelled and relevant indicators, the global warming potential, the cumulative energy demand and the operating costs, quantified by life-cycle analysis. Glycerol-based processes are generally found more attractive than the conventional technologies nowadays applied for the production of the same chemicals, among which the paths to lactic acid and glycerol carbonate are particularly promising. In addition, the process variables mostly contributing to the environmental and cost metrics are identified. Accordingly, future studies should target further optimisation mainly in relation to selectivity, solvent volatility, reactants ratio and catalyst stability. Finally, the processes are integrated simulating a prospective glycerol biorefinery and the advantages deriving from the exchange of heat between the different routes quantified. If the glycerol feed is split equally among all routes the CO 2 emissions and energy requirements are decreased by 15 and 32%, respectively, and the profit is increased by 5% as compared to the sum of the individual glycerol-based processes. In order to minimise the ecological impact of the biorefinery, glycerol should be rather divided in an 80:20 mass ratio among 1,2-propanediol and glycerol carbonate production, which are expected to have a significant market size. The innovative approach outlined in this work holds potential to guide both fundamental chemical research and process design in the development of CO 2 and other bio-refineries.


After the presentation, some CAC members have concerns particularly with some riders cheating fares. If someone could purchase a ticket with an app onboard the train, they may choose not to buy a ticket until they know a fare inspection is coming their way.
While the concern about people cheating with the app is legitimate, I don't think it is a difficult problem to solve. Considering that Clipper usage is over 50% on Caltrain, the role for mobile ticketing is to help occasional riders to plan and prepay their fare. Many riders take Caltrain only to events like the Giants games and they often are willing to plan and potentially prepay their fares (like people do when they buy airline tickets for vacation). Currently Caltrain does not have a way to buy tickets for rides ahead of time (all tickets sold by ticket machines are good for the following four hours, even if the last train of the day has left).
A mobile ticketing app would make the ticket purchase process easy especially for families. They no longer have to get in line and purchase a ticket from the machines just before they board the train. With that in mind, the cut off time for mobile ticketing could be half an hour or an hour before the train, and fare evasion would not be an issue. Riders who just show up can still buy a paper ticket and frequent riders can still use Clipper. Caltrain wouldn't be making any rider more difficult to buy a ticket then they do now.
Another feature that Caltrain should include is the ability to pay for parking. Even for riders with Clipper, they still have to pay for parking at a ticket machine.


There is an interesting news story that I tripped across involving a yearbook in the United States. It seems that a student is upset that her submitted picture (posted on the left of this entry) was deemed too "racy" by the student editors to be included in the grad section of the book. She has pushed her point that "it's artistic" to the point that it has made national media. What do you think? Does she have a valid concern, or is she just looking for her 15 minutes of fame?


text:
Kornhallsleden, auch Kornhalls färja () genannt, ist die schwedische Fährstrecke über den Nordre älv zwischen Kornhall im Harestads socken in Kungälvs kommun und Brunstorpsnäs im Stadtteil Säve auf der Insel Hisingen in Göteborgs kommun.

Lage
Die Fährstrecke liegt im Verlauf des Weges 570. Die Fährstrecke beträgt 200 Meter, die Überfahrtszeit zwei Minuten. Die Überfahrt ist kostenfrei.

Beide Flussufer sind Naturschutz- und Natura-2000-Gebiet.

Betrieb
Auf der Fährstrecke ist die Gerd, eine elektrisch betriebene Seilfähre der Trafikverket Färjerederiet, eingesetzt. Die Fähre verkehrt täglich alle 20 Minuten und in der Hauptverkehrszeit alle 15 Minuten. Einige Touren spät in der Nacht oder früh am Morgen erfolgen auf Glockensignal.

2016 wurden bei rund 24.000 Fährfahrten über den Kornhallsleden 730.000 Kraftfahrzeuge übergesetzt. Damit ist diese Fährlinie die meistbefahrene Binnenfährstrecke in Schweden.

Geschichte
Der Verkehr auf der Fährstrecke wurde 1850 aufgenommen und 1874 offiziell registriert. Bis 1945 wurde die Fähre auf Vertragsbasis betrieben, bis die staatliche Straßenverwaltung (Vägverket) den Betrieb übernahm. Da der Weg über die Fähre die Strecke nach Göteborg deutlich verkürzt, wurde ab 1951 die erste angetriebene Fähre eingesetzt, um den Verkehr bewältigen zu können.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Fährverbindung
Verkehr (Västra Götalands län)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


*The title is optional and will just have blank space if no text is entered.
We have take over 70 different "events" that can happen during the Super Bowl. These events include penalties, commercials, various scoring methods, plays for certain yardage amounts, coin toss results, and even the numbers 0 through 9 that represent the team's scores. Each card you create is completely random and no event will appear on the same card twice. We have added a special function that will limit the amount of numbers displayed on each card to 3 or 4.
To generate your cards, begin by choosing the number of cards you need to create. Don't worry if you need more than 50 cards, since everything is random you can create your first 50 cards and go back and create more and no card will be duplicated.
The next two steps allow you to change the color of both the squares and the numbers. If you prefer black, simply leave these two fields unchanged.
The last step allows you to change the title that will appear at the top of each card. So, you could write someting like "Bubba's Super Bowl Bingo"!


text:
If A Member of MMA Were A Crayola, They'd Be…
By Dave Madden @DMaddenMMA
Chris Weidman (13-0-0), UFC's middleweight champion, is unique as he is dominant, but some try to argue his game outside the cage isn't top-billing entertainment, though this shouldn't sway judgment of his pound-for-pound toughness. The performances inside the UFC's Octagon is where Weidman's talking is done: smearing his and/or his opponent's blood all over the canvas, or leaving every shade of blue bruising in splotches on each others' bodies; all done under the white, bright lights of the UFC banner. Weidman's heritage, drama-free living, and ability to celebrate successes blend three seemingly basic colors seamlessly into a nation's symbol of hope: red, white, and blue.
When it's fight-time for Weidman, the lights momentarily shut down, only to regenerate with music breathing life into the champion's entrance. All the way to the point of final preparations, Weidman wraps himself in the American dream, the symbol of the United States of America: the American flag. With a determined stare developed from his growing up in Baldwin, New York and a walkout song blaring the ideals of American fortitude, UFC onlookers have dubbed him as "All-American", though that is still unbeknownst to Bruce Buffer.
Hit play on Tom Petty's "I Won't Back Down", close your eyes, dream big, and walkout with Weidman:
The colors of the flag and Weidman's understanding to represent himself, his family, and the UFC as a dignified champion, at least to this point, are synonymous. Red: the blood or courage that transpired; White: the purity held in remaining true to your beliefs; Blue: the vigilance and justice regarded in battle.
Refuse to lose, always push forward, never back down, keep hope alive-keep hope alive: all precepts to chasing any of life's passions. Attaining the championship title was Weidman's dream, and he would ascertain that you can achieve your dreams, too. In an interview with Sports Illustrated, Weidman discussed an age-old saying: bite down on your mouthpiece; in other words, where there's a will, there's a way. There are a number of folks who are under the impression that the American way is about entitlements, occupying everything, but Weidman enlightened these individuals by admitting the ingredients to his special recipe for success,
"Everything. I think just my potential and how much hard work I put in. When you put in the work I put in, you can't afford to believe you can lose. None of these guys are beating me."
Weidman's prominence as an American figurehead is invaluable in modeling what can be attained with some good-old American know-how and grit. Aside from the Olympic games, Weidman is one of few American athletes in sports, not just combat sports, who flies his patronage during competition. Other countries' fans proudly bolster their homeland's colors and cheer their athletes through thick and thin. During UFC 148's post-fight press conference, Chael Sonnen expressed that more American fans should mimic such pride in country. If more American athletes represented the U.S.A like Weidman, fans may fall into the prideful fold. Sonnen said,
"The Brazilian fans have it down right. They back their guy. North America is the only country in the world that we don't do that, and that's fine, but I really admire the Brazilian fans, including when I'm getting booed on the way in. I should be getting booed when I'm taking on their guy."
I'd be willing to bet a lot, if not all, the tea in Asia that the "American Gangster", Chael Sonnen staunchly defends, cheers, and praises the "All-American" wholesomeness that oozes off of Weidman. Tried and true-red, white, and blue.
A Neutral Stance
Apparently, the actual fight, the reason we glue our eyes to the screen and hold tight, isn't enough for fans; we like sparring words, creatively placed insults on social media, and picks and pokes that rile our senses to the looming, upcoming scrap.
It turned out he just had a little period pain.
— Conor McGregor (@TheNotoriousMMA) June 25, 2015
Everyone want to fight @NateDiaz209 because he easy money. I'll be back Oct. I don't mind making easy money. @arielhelwani @lorenzofertitta
— khabib nurmagomedov (@TeamKhabib) June 15, 2015
Fighters like McGregor and Nurmagomedov snatch up swarms of attention because many fans also find considerable entertainment in the trash-talk-to each their own.
The buzz of chatter being as important as the locking of horns behind the lock of a cage is not just an MMA thing, or fight thing; it's a societal thing. We prefer strife, not contentment. Even the U.S.'s two largest political parties are a division of blue Democrats and red Republicans. If Weidman ran for office he'd reside in the Legislature as an Independent, happy to not get involved in aimless debate, waving a white flag. Surrendering to unnecessary drama is disliked and undervalued than those who attack with a Real Housewives of (insert here) dramatics.
In an article published by Bleacher Report (2013), an interaction with Weidman prior to his owning of the middleweight belt suggested that his lack of vocalization and proving how loud he can bark to the world, may prevent him from moving up the ranks. At the time, Weidman agreed to an extent,
"I don't like being too vocal. I'm in this sport to be a champion and be humble. I'm not here to just make money and to get people to know me by starting drama. I do understand it is an entertainment business so you do have to speak up a little bit."
Sure, Weidman is no Conor McGregor or Nurmagomedov in regards to flapping his lips, but Weidman doesn't shy away from inputting his opinion where he finds a fit for it. At the UFC 187 weigh-ins, Weidman was red-hot with anger because he was given information that led him to believe Vitor Belfort, the most recent challenger to the belt, knew he was going to leave Las Vegas blue with sadness after a loss, so Belfort attempted to cheat, testing with elevated levels of testosterone. Weidman wasn't just blackout angry, it was a blizzard-like whiteout storm of rage. Watch Weidman's vivid outburst at the weigh-ins for yourself.
America isn't a hierarchy, though if it were, Weidman would be King of Middleweight, and he'd speak up for the will of the people when it was necessary, defending honor and bestowing nobility. Until then, Weidman is as cool as a sundae topped with strawberries, blueberries, and fluffy whipped cream.
Party Hearty
Leading up to camp, Wediman lives a clean lifestyle, focused with no extracurriculars. After he wins, the guy sure knows how to let his hair down. After knocking out Anderson Silva, the greatest pound-for-pound fighter at the time, at UFC 162 and claiming the belt, he celebrated with championship pedigree. Hollywood Life reported,
"Chris brought his pals, which included NBA stars Mike Miller and Udonis Haslem. TMZ is reporting that he also brought along his championship belt, and we don't blame him! There was a lot of alcohol, dancing and pretty girls everywhere."
The pictures and captions clarify that Weidman is partying the night away with Vodka, a clear drink, which could lead to coloring outside the lines. The next after-party following a title defense should include a bartender who can keep the drinks flowing in colors that are most suitable to Weidman's glass: a Shadowboxer (red), The Obituary (white), and Gun Metal (blue).
Reaching into a box of Crayola Crayons, Chris Weidman is certainly best matched as red, white, and blue. Maybe Weidman signifies a different color to you, but being the UFC's top middleweight makes him one you don't want to miss when he designs a beautiful display of mixed martial arts using a rainbow of color!
Bukowski, Peter. Sports Illustrated. 2015. Source:
http://www.si.com/edge/2015/05/18/chris-weidman-talks-training-ufc-187
Martins, Damon. Bleacher Report. 2013. Source:
http://bleacherreport.com/articles/1682424-chris-weidman-how-a-9-0-contender-plans-to-beat-the-greatest-of-all-time
TMZ Staff. TMZ Sports. 2014. Source:
http://www.tmz.com/2014/07/06/chris-weidman-ufc-175-victory-celebration-club-party-pics-las-vegas/
Posted in blog, pro fighter spotlight, UFCTagged Chris Weidman, Crayola, middleweight, UFC
Previous LOTC: Honoring WMMA's Pioneers at IFC 13
Next Fighting Is Like…Skydiving
While a fan of more genteel sports… I was intrigued by the title of this article.
And my love of crayons. And coloring outside the lines.
Continued success in all efforts – perhaps you'll write for Carrot Ranch soon? I more or less started there recently – but as I am not a fan of restricted word counts I pick and choose my prompts.
I was once a teacher, pre-school. Many moons ago. Sort of back in that role as a grandmother now.
adamshone292 says:
Good piece mate. I cant help but feel he is green about the money conor generates. How much of being a legacy driven champion is promotion is a grey area so let's hope he brings the all-American violets (violence) to keep the gold. I apologise for that last pun ha ha.
Adam Shone
@adamshone292


text:
Outside the bag the box came in.
Elongated sphereoid overlay for aircraft
English Electric Lightning II
Faux-22 Raptor
FishEyeHUD
Flying Boat Revival
Flying by the Seat of Your Pants Launcher
Flying Sculptures In The Park
Flying Trains
Giant Microlight
vehicle:aircraft
Inland Waterway Landing Strips For Sea Going Aircraft.
(+5) [vote for,
Fashioning suitably sized canals for landing strips would be a relatively simple exercise, less costly to maintain than the sealed runways used today. This would usher in a new era of jumbo sized flying boats, thus rendering landing on rough seas obsolete. An obvious benefit would be in the event of an airliner being forced to ditch in a stretch of shark infested ocean. The plane would remain safely afloat until rescue. A possible spin off could be ducks encouraged to settle on the water and in the event of a duck strike the duck would emerge from the jet engine, plucked, cooked and portioned with no added MSG, giving rise to a whole new meaning of Chinese waterside Restaurants. Meccas for Plane Spotters to gather, collect and share plane numbers.......and Duck Spotters to do.... Well Whatever Duck Spotters do. Feed the ducks or something.
— Lesser Spotted Kiwi, Sep 04 2012
Nice bird... http://en.wikipedia.../wiki/Beriev_Be-200
[normzone, Sep 05 2012]
Carter Copter (excuse the naff name) http://www.cartercopters.com/mu-1.html
Mu values (ratio of forward airspeed to backward travelling rotor tip speed) exceeding 1 have been reached. Thus low drag at higher speeds than conventionally possible. [TomP, Sep 10 2012]
Fairey Rotodyne http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotodyne
Ingenious [8th of 7, Sep 10 2012]
There are a large number of technical reasons why there are no longer any large commercial seaplanes.
These include, but are not limited to, corrosion problems, engine positioning problems, pollution issues, weather limitations, ddifficulty of providing VFR landing aids, and not least the fact that large bodies of open water do tend to attract birds.
Duck + gas turbine = very bad.
Bear in mind that because of the huge drag of the water, much more thrust is required than on a standard strip. The drag can be compensated for by designing a high lift wing so the takeoff speed is low. But a high lift wing performs poorly at high speed and altitude, precluding its use in long range commercial aviation.
Seaplanes, like tailless helecopters and VSTOL jets, neatly occupy their own little niche markets, and it's most likely to stay that way.
— 8th of 7, Sep 04 2012
Exactly what 8th said. [+]
— ytk, Sep 04 2012
flying boat hulls are incredibly unaerodynamic, so it'd need to be low speed = piston + propeller.
And then you're back in the '30s and the damned thing is too loud for modern air passengers to spend a couple days straight on.
It wouldn't work. [+]
— FlyingToaster, Sep 04 2012
This wouldn't work. Luckily, for those who love flying boats there are still some around. You can even get a turbine conversion for your Grumman Mallard. I've always thought that the best retirement plan ever is flying a seaplane around to all the lakes in Alaska.
— DIYMatt, Sep 04 2012
Those would be the ones where the mosquitoes are the size of hummingbirds, right? Thankyou, but no …
That wouldn't be futuristic even. VTOL will be ubiquitous in the near future, and automated floating pads would be the future innovation.
— rotary, Sep 04 2012
Damned duck unions. Always striking whenever the competition from geese is the fiercest.
— RayfordSteele, Sep 04 2012
//Those would be the ones where the mosquitoes are the size of hummingbirds, right? Thankyou, but no//
I went and found no mosquitos. You would let the mere threat of mosquitos keep you from going someplace?
To have any credence at all, you'd need clear water for this revival...
— 2 fries shy of a happy meal, Sep 04 2012
No, but West Nile virus and malaria might cause me to redirect my travel plans towards more delightsome vacationlands.
Sorry Bakers. Only just realized I am on the wrong site not realizing it is for half baked ideas. I was looking for half witted ideas.
"Between the two of them they were quite witty".
Modernized Boeing Clippers over the Pacific and Zeppelins over the Atlantic; can't beat it. It could make a profit too, but the competition would be luxury cruise ships, not airlines.
On the other hand, feel free to take my "Modern Low Speed Airliner" design and add a boat hull. It wouldn't look like a Clipper mind you.
Or just buy a Beriev Be-200 right off the assembly line.
Can't one get around the unaerodynamicness of the hull by fitting a retractable notch section? I can't find the proper name for that step that is in the hull or float, but I'm sure you know the one I mean (is it the Felixstowe notch? I'm sure I read about it with a different name to that). I'm thinking of hinging the rear of the hull at the back to fill the step when in flight by shifting the back section of it downwards until the hull is smooth.
— TomP, Sep 05 2012
In fact the whole of the lower part of the hull coul dbe inflatable, so that in water it is a nice V section but in the air it is smoothly rounded.
— pocmloc, Sep 05 2012
[TomP] that might work, on a small lake with zero waves(?)
Someone's going to say ekranoplane, so it might as well be me.
Anyway, I find that explosives, placed in sufficient quantity, under a boat, can produce exactly the same effect of flying.
Admittedly not very far, or in one piece, but it's the principle that matters.
— not_morrison_rm, Sep 06 2012
Sooner or later someone's going to say ekranoplan, using the correct spelling, so it might as well be me.
— hippo, Sep 06 2012
//To have any credence at all, you'd need clear water for this revival.// Definitely. Put me down for a couple of tickets please.
Sooner or later someone's going to Ekranoplan using the correct capitalisation, so it might as well be me.
Anyway, I'm caught up (metaphorically speaking) in a way to put a little turbine in motor vehicle shock-absorbers to try and get some denki (electricity) out of all those bumps, potholes, flattened badgers or whatever..
Oh yea of little faith. Why hast it not occurred to thee a flying boat's aerodynamics could be equalized by making the same boat shape to the sides and top of the plane's fuselage, thus allowing it to cleave the air like a Blackbird (and be just about as short lived experimentally)? All waterborne emergency landings are then able to be successfully performed, even,"Any Which Way But Up."
//flattened Badgers or whatever.// Suggest also incorporating a built in Microwave to cook said Badgers en route, gaining the appreciation of all hitch hiking backpacking tight'rse bludgers, each with wads of money, to be spent wastefully only and on reaching their destination.
<points at first anno>
It's not just hull shape …
It's the wing. Flying boat need high lift at low speed = high drag. Look at a PBY-5A; big, thick wing. Look at a 747-400; thin, slender wing. You can mess around with flaps and slats and stuff but that means more drag and bigger engines, which are heavier... the 787's built of composites to save weight, weight is everything …
Ideally, passenger jets would use a catapult launch. That way they could use much smaller, lighter engines, because most of the airframe's momentum is donated by the ground system. And it's reuseable.
Obviously, there might be a certain amount of consumer resistance to a 4g horizontal acceleration …
//Flying boat needs high lift at low speed// In that case I shall retire to the drawing board and invent the hydrofoil. Methinks I am rapidly getting out of my depth in hot water here.
//they could use much smaller, lighter engines, because most of the airframe's momentum is donated by the ground system//
Except that the size of the engines isn't based on taking off. The engine size is based on the worst case scenario - an airliner on final approach with one engine on fire, gear and flaps down, has to be able to power back up and climb away fast enough to avoid that mountain. A catapult launch system would save a bit of fuel used during the takeoff roll but I suspect that the cost of that fuel is nothing compared to the cost of installing a giant catapult system at every airport. It's like buying a Prius instead of a Corolla so you can save money on gas.
As for the original idea the solution is obvious: a VTOL aircraft. Like a jet version of the Osprey, except much bigger and boat shaped.
Nope, my money is still on explosives.
What [n_m_r] said.
Sooner or later, someone is going to post Ekranoplan in the original Cyrillic.
But it isn't going to be me.
— AbsintheWithoutLeave, Sep 07 2012
After which somebody post that the modern way of saying it is "wing in ground effect vehicle".
//Sooner or later, someone is going to post Ekranoplan in the original Cyrillic.
I already tried, didn't work, I guess HB doesn't do Cyrillic.
What [8th of 7] said I said.
After which somebody will note that the wing in "wing in ground effect" isn't actually "in" the "ground effect", rather the underside is causing the ground effect which isn't actually "in" at all, but more "on top of" as it were.
Neither is it the effect of having a wing in the ground.
Which also misses the point that the majority of "ground effect" air vehicles in fact operate over water …
So, you've never heard of groundwater?
//So, you've never heard of groundwater?//
Good point - perhaps dowsing is just another application of the ground effect.
So, if this ground effect only is practicable over water, why not a network of broad shallow canals over which the Ekranoplaini can fly, with deeper basins at the "airports" to allow them to "land".
Lock systems are going to be problematical, and crossing points will have to be carefully timed.
If some of those suitably-sized canals were in northern latitudes where freeze-up comes around Thanksgiving (CDN not USAian), takeoff would be easier due to a much lower drag coefficient when the planes are fitted with skates to glide over the ice.
Ice landings, however, would require a drogue chute or whole lot of sand/salt. Or maybe Annette.
And as much as I have always wanted to drive a Zamboni, I doubt it would be much fun to resurface runways of that size.
— Canuck, Sep 10 2012
//if this ground effect only is practicable over water,
I don't think it particularly is...after all you get high waves on water, and given the empty weight of the ekranoplein (286 tonnes) ....leylandii hedge owners, you have just wasted your money..
//Flying boat need high lift at low speed //
Floating autogyro? By using supplementary wings, mu values exceeding 1 have been achieved [link], so with retractable floats, we could have the ultimate answer to domestic 'short hop' type routes.
An aquatic version of the Fairey Rotodyne?
Just the other day, I was thinking that the world would be a brighter place if the large flying boat were re-imagined for the modern era. Thus, despite all of the aforementioned very legitimate drawbacks, [+].
— Alterother, Sep 11 2012
Short-haul routes are the obvious market.
If the plane doesn't need to go particularly high, fast or far, then the wing efficiency issues become less relevant.
Turboprops rather than fanjets would be the obvious propulsion system, as they are slightly less vulnerable to bird strikes and have other benefits, like lift from the propwash.
Advantages? The landing facility can be nothing more than a purpose designed pontoon, and is mobile. Aircraft can land very close to urban centres. Wind direction becomes much less important if a wide area of clear water is available.
Problems? No flarepath or visual approach aids, although with modern tech, these could be synthesised. Birds, boats, and floating branches. Weather-limited by visibility and surface chop.
as well more "runway" is needed: the airport will take up more room.
[annotate]


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text:
Q: flutter Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivityAndFragmentDelegate.onPostResume()' on a null object refere I tried to use FlutterFragment in AppCompatActivity,according to the api,I override the follow methods
here is the code of my activity
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    RadioButton rbTabHotspot;
    RadioButton rbTabHome;
    RadioButton rbTabDiscovery;
    RadioButton rbTabMy;
    RadioGroup rgNavigation;
    int mCurrIndex = 0;
    private FragmentManager mFragmentManager;
    String[] tabSArray = new String[]{"home", "discovery", "hotspot","my"};
    private ArrayList<String> mFragmentTags;
    FlutterFragment flutterFragment;

    @Override
    public void onBackPressed() {
        super.onBackPressed();
        flutterFragment.onBackPressed();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPostResume() {
        super.onPostResume();
        flutterFragment.onPostResume();
    }

    @SuppressLint("ResourceType")
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        mFragmentTags = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(tabSArray));
        mFragmentManager = getSupportFragmentManager();

        flutterFragment = BridgetFragment
                .withCachedEngine("mEngine")
                .shouldAttachEngineToActivity(true)
                .renderMode(RenderMode.texture)
                .build();

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        rbTabDiscovery = findViewById(R.id.rb_tab_discovery);
        rbTabHome = findViewById(R.id.rb_tab_home);
        rbTabHotspot = findViewById(R.id.rb_tab_hotspot);
        rbTabMy = findViewById(R.id.rb_tab_my);
        rgNavigation = findViewById(R.id.rg_navigation);

        initNavigation();
    }

    private void initNavigation() {
        rgNavigation = findViewById(R.id.rg_navigation);

        rgNavigation.setOnCheckedChangeListener((group, checkedId) -> {
            switch (checkedId) {
                case R.id.rb_tab_home:
                    mCurrIndex = 0;

                    showFragment();
                    break;
                case R.id.rb_tab_discovery:
                    mCurrIndex = 1;
                    showFragment();
                    break;
                case R.id.rb_tab_hotspot:
                    mCurrIndex = 2;
                    showFragment();
                    break;
                case R.id.rb_tab_my:
                    mCurrIndex = 3;
                    showFragment();
                    break;
                default:
                    mCurrIndex = 0;
                    showFragment();
                    break;
            }
        });
    }

    private void showFragment() {
        FragmentTransaction fragmentTransaction = mFragmentManager.beginTransaction();
        Fragment fragment = mFragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(mFragmentTags.get(mCurrIndex));
        if(mCurrIndex == 3){
            fragment = flutterFragment;
        }
        if (fragment == null) {
            fragment = instantFragment(mCurrIndex);
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < mFragmentTags.size(); i++) {
            Fragment f = mFragmentManager.findFragmentByTag(mFragmentTags.get(i));

            if (f != null && f != fragment && f.isAdded()) {
                fragmentTransaction.hide(f);
            }
        }
        if (fragment.isAdded()) {
            fragmentTransaction.show(fragment);
        } else {
            fragmentTransaction.add(R.id.app_content, fragment, mFragmentTags.get(mCurrIndex));
        }
        fragmentTransaction.commitAllowingStateLoss();
        mFragmentManager.executePendingTransactions();
    }

    private Fragment instantFragment(int currIndex) {
        switch (currIndex) {
            case 0:

                return new HomeFragment();
            case 1:
                return new MediaFragment();
            case 2:

                return new HotFragment();
            case 3:
                return flutterFragment;
            default:

                return new HomeFragment();
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onPause() {
        super.onPause();
        flutterFragment.onPause();
    }

    @Override
    protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {
        super.onNewIntent(intent);
        flutterFragment.onNewIntent(intent);
    }

    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        flutterFragment.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    }

    @Override
    public void onUserLeaveHint() {
        super.onUserLeaveHint();
        flutterFragment.onUserLeaveHint();
    }

    @Override
    public void onTrimMemory(int level) {
        super.onTrimMemory(level);
        flutterFragment.onTrimMemory(level);
    }
}

but I got an error because of the onPostResume method
2021-04-20 10:20:21.901 16155-16155/com.wyx.myapplication E/AndroidRuntime: FATAL EXCEPTION: main
Process: com.wyx.myapplication, PID: 16155
java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to resume activity {com.wyx.myapplication/com.wyx.myapplication.MainActivity}: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivityAndFragmentDelegate.onPostResume()' on a null object reference
at android.app.ActivityThread.performResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:4274)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:4306)
at android.app.servertransaction.ResumeActivityItem.execute(ResumeActivityItem.java:52)
at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeLifecycleState(TransactionExecutor.java:176)
at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:97)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2048)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:227)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7582)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:539)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:953)
Caused by: java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'void io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterActivityAndFragmentDelegate.onPostResume()' on a null object reference
at io.flutter.embedding.android.FlutterFragment.onPostResume(FlutterFragment.java:640)
at com.wyx.myapplication.MainActivity.onPostResume(MainActivity.java:68)
at android.app.Activity.performResume(Activity.java:8080)
at android.app.ActivityThread.performResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:4264)
at android.app.ActivityThread.handleResumeActivity(ActivityThread.java:4306)
at android.app.servertransaction.ResumeActivityItem.execute(ResumeActivityItem.java:52)
at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.executeLifecycleState(TransactionExecutor.java:176)
at android.app.servertransaction.TransactionExecutor.execute(TransactionExecutor.java:97)
at android.app.ActivityThread$H.handleMessage(ActivityThread.java:2048)
at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:107)
at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:227)
at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:7582)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Native Method)
at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(RuntimeInit.java:539)
at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:953)
I do not know how to resolve this

A: I had the same issue, Seems like this is a problem in FlutterFragment class..
when you call flutterFragment.onPostResume(); inside of FlutterFragment the method onPostResume looks like this:
  @ActivityCallThrough
  public void onPostResume() {
    delegate.onPostResume();
  }

delegate seems to be null which causes the "null object reference"
this issue was reported to flutters github

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