text:
Criteria: with only with
Transnational/transboundary
Transboundary
Transboundary OR Transnational
Start Date/End Date
Year and country
Tentative Lists Silk Roads: Fergana-Syrdarya ...
Silk Roads: Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor
Date of Submission: 25/08/2021
Criteria: (ii)(iii)(v)
Permanent Delegation of Kazakhstan to UNESCO
State, Province or Region:
Kyzylorda Region (Kazaly, Syrdarya, Zhalagash and Zhanakorgan Districts), Turkestan Region (Otrar District and Turkestan – city of the regional subordination)
Word File .doc
The Tentative Lists of States Parties are published by the World Heritage Centre at its website and/or in working documents in order to ensure transparency, access to information and to facilitate harmonization of Tentative Lists at regional and thematic levels.
The sole responsibility for the content of each Tentative List lies with the State Party concerned. The publication of the Tentative Lists does not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever of the World Heritage Committee or of the World Heritage Centre or of the Secretariat of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its boundaries.
Property names are listed in the language in which they have been submitted by the State Party
The exact historical itineraries of the Silk Roads on the territory of modern Kazakhstan and Central Asian countries were never static. Certain cities, towns, caravanserais and trade stations were gaining and losing importance in the different periods of time due to different internal and external reasons. However, today we can identify several main sections of the most intensive trade activities on the Silk Roads that were taking place between several major centres of urban cultural tradition. One of these sections is the so-called "Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor" the components of which are situated on the territory of Kyzylorda and Turkestan Regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
The Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor of the Silk Roads is characterized by some well-preserved cultural landscapes of oases and cities historically situated on the major rivers of the region (for example the rivers of Arys, Shu and Syrdarya) and now located in the middle of the desert, semi-desert and steppe natural landscapes. In Kazakhstan, the caravan routes between these historical areas were following Syrdarya River from the east to the west towards the "Great Steppe" of Central Kazakhstan – the area of Desht-I-Kypchak.
This corridor of the Silk Roads includes nine further component cultural sites:
Ancient settlement of Asanas; 44°28' N, 65°39' E
Ancient settlement of Kyshkala; 44°77' N, 65°18' E
Ancient settlement of Otrar; 44°28' N, 65°39' E
Ancient settlement of Sygnak; 44°16' N, 66°95' E
Ancient settlement of Yassy-Turkestan; 43°29' N, 68°27' E
Ancient settlement of Zhankala (Zhent); 44°55' N, 64°09' E
Ancient settlement of Zhankent; 45°61' N, 61°92' E
Archaeological complex of Sauran;43°51' N, 67°77' E
Sites of the Zhetyasar Oasis; 45°45' N, 63°56' E
Ancient settlement of Asanas (VI-XV centuries)
The component is located on the left side of Syrdarya River in the Syrdarya District 48 km south-east from the city of Kyzylorda – the capital of the Kyzylorda Region. It stands north-west from the ancient settlement of Sauran, Asanas played an important role in the trade with the regions of Aral Asea and Khoresm.
The city was mentioned in the written sources of the period of Mongolian invasion (1220). At that time it was destroyed. After that, it was reconstructed and continues to exist until the XV century. The citadel of the city has the size of 40x50 m and 14 m in height. The dating the ancient settlement was made on the basis of the analysis of the ceramic vessels found during the archaeological excavations.
The ancient settlement of Asanas has the official status of the site of the national value. The State Public Institution for the "Protection of Historical and Cultural Sites of the Kyzylorda Region" of the Department of Culture, Archives and Documentation of the Kyzylorda Region is responsible for the administrative management of the component.
Ancient settlement of Kyshkala (V-XVII centuries)
The component is also known under the name of Barzhynkent is located 25 km south-west from the city of Kyzylorda – the capital of the Kyzylorda Region, in the proximity of the village Kogalykol (previously known as the village of Oktyabr) of the Syrdarya District. The historical name of the city is unknown. It was initially studied in the middle of 1960s by the Khorezm Archaeological and Ethnographic Expedition. However, the archaeological studies start only in the 1990s.
The city knew the period of prosperity during the Middle Ages, while the decline of the settlement starts at the end of XVI – beginning of XVII centuries as the result of the changing of the river course and the wars of Kazakh khans with the rulers of the region of Transoxania.
The ancient settlement of Kyshkala has the official status of the site of the national value. The State Public Institution for the "Protection of Historical and Cultural Sites of the Kyzylorda Region" of the Department of Culture, Archives and Documentation of the Kyzylorda Region is responsible for the administrative management of the component.
Ancient settlement of Otrar (I-XIX centuries)
The component (also called Otrartobe) is situated 10 km west from train-station of Timur. It is a pentagonal mound oriented along the cardinal angles with a little deviation. The southern side of the mound has 380 m, south-western – 145 m, western – 400 m, north-eastern – 380 m, and eastern – 350 m. The maximum height of the mound is equal to 18 m in the south-western part of the site; the average height of the mound is equal to 10-15 m. The ancient settlement was surrounded with a wall fortified with the towers and relatively well-remained on the north-eastern and eastern sides and a moat.
During the Middle Ages Otrar (also known in the historical sources as the city of Farab or Tarban) was the capital of the oasis around it, which counts around 200 remained historical and cultural heritage sites. It was mentioned in many works of medieval Arabian, Persian and Turkic authors (at-Tabari, Makdisi, Ibn Haukal and Hafiz Tanysh). They were using the name of Tarban, which probably was the earlier name of the city. According to Makdisi – geographer of X century: "about 70 000 male souls" lived in Farab, which had the citadel, Friday mosque, markets and shops.
The site appeared in the written sources for the first time at the beginning of the IX century. By this time Otrar was already a city. In 1218 Otrar appeared again in historical sources in connection with Mongolian invasion of Southern Kazakhstan. After the destruction of Otrar by Mongols, it managed to revive and rebuilt itself. For several centuries the city played an important role as the largest administrative-political, trading and crafting centre within its oasis and also within the entire region of Southern Kazakhstan. During the whole period of its history, the architecture of Otrar and other cities of Southern Kazakhstan was influenced by both local and foreign architects, in particular, those from Central Asia and Iran. For example, the south-western gate and towers, as well as the palace and the mosque of times of the rule of the Timurid dynasty (XIV-XV centuries), represent the best architectural traditions of Central Asia and Iran at the same period.
Situated on the junction of several geographical landscapes and caravan roads, Otrar was the centre of the big agricultural region near the Karatau Mountains on the border of the nomadic region. The commercial routes connected Otrar with the ancient urban centres of Taraz, Balasagun and Eastern Turkestan Region on the east; cities of Shash, Sogd,Merv, Nishapur, Kabul, Herat on the road to India on the south; Aral Sea region and Ural Mountains on the north-west; the state of Khorezm across the Kyzylkum Desert on the south-west; and Volga region, North Caucasus, the coast of the Black Sea and Byzantium on the north and the west.
No other cultural sites on the territory of Kazakhstan have such well-remained irrigation system that was dated by the I-XVIII centuries and includes the main channels, dams and sluices, remains of the irrigated fields, gardens and plantations of watermelon, melon and gourd.
After the Mongolian invasion, which destroyed the cities of Otrar, Sayram, Syganak, Zhent, Yangikent and others, they restored. Their development was taking place in the context of movement of the international trading centres from the West to the East through Otrar and Khoresm. At this time numerous craft workshops, baths and other public constructions were opened in the city. Otrar became one of the largest economic and trading centres of the region. The cathedral mosque was built in Otrar during the rule of Timur; the ruins of this building were found by the archaeologists. The excavation works provided very important materials of the latest period of the city (XVI-XVII centuries). At this time the city was a part of the Kazakh Khanate.
The ancient settlement of Otrar has the official status of the site of the national value and managing institution – Otrar State Archaeological Museum-Reserve established in 1979.
Ancient settlement of Sygnak (I-XVIII centuries)
The component is located 2 km north-west from the village of Sunakata on the territory of Zhanakorgan District of Kyzylorda Region. It has the shape of a wrong pentagon. The shakhristan and citadel are located in a south-eastern part of the site. The northern side of shakhristan is equal to 250 m, western to 360 m, southern to 250 m, south-eastern to 450 m, and northeast to 350 m. The total area of the ancient settlement is equal to 20 ha. The traces of the ancient individual houses, irrigated fields and channels are visible in 2 km around the site.
For the first time, the city was mentioned in the historical sources of the X century, and in the XI century it was mentioned by Mahmud Kashgar among cities of "Oguz". During the XII century, Sygnak became the capital of Kypchak State and played this role until the beginning of the XIII century. In 1220 the city was destroyed during the Mongolian invasion and was rebuilt in the middle of XIII century. After then, the city became a large political and economic center of the Syrdarya River valley. In the XIII century Sygnak became the capital of the state of Ak-Orda. Located on the Silk Roads, the city had a period of trading and crafting prosperity until the beginning of the XIV century.
The ancient settlement of Sygnak has the official status of the site of the national value. The State Public Institution for the "Protection of Historical and Cultural Sites of the Kyzylorda Region" of the Department of Culture, Archives and Documentation of the Kyzylorda Region is responsible for the administrative management of the component.
Ancient settlement of Yassy-Turkestan (I – beginning of the XIV centuries)
The component is located in the centre of the Turkestan – the administrative centre of the Turkestan Region in 350 m to the south from World Heritage Property "Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi" inscribed in the List in 2003. The citadel of the ancient settlement and Mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi are situated on the pentagonal mount with south-eastern side is equal to 130 m, north-eastern to 90 m, and north-western to 130 m, and south-western to 200 m. The archaeological studies of Turkestan have shown that its cultural layers were dated by the period from the beginning of the 1 millennium A.D. to the beginning of XIV century.
The western wall of the ancient settlement has the length of around 350 m remained in a good state. In the past, the city was crossed by three main streets connecting four gates. The caravanserai and market were situated in a southern part of the city close to the wall. The territory of the ancient settlement during the end of the Middle Ages probably corresponds to the size of the city before the Mongolian invasion. It also includes several earlier cultural sites, the largest of which is the ancient settlement of Kultobe. During the late Middle Ages, the city was under the rule of Timurid and Shaybanid dynasties. After that, the city was chosen as the capital of Kazakh khans (rulers) because of its spiritual role of the Muslim community. Historically Yassy-Turkestan was a large trading centre between the nomadic steppe, Central Asia, China and other regions.
The ancient settlement of Yassy-Turkestan has the official status of the site of the national value and managing institution – "Azret-Sultan" State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve established in 1989.
Ancient settlement of Zhankala (Zhent)
The component is located on the southern side of Zhanadarya River approximately in 115 km west from the city Kyzylorda – administrative centres of the region, and 6 km from the flow of Zhanadarya River.
Like most of the medieval settlement the component has the citadel, shahristan and rabad. The citadel in the form of the square of 75x75 m is represented by several elements – palace surrounded with the wall and the north-eastern corner tower) that has 1 m in width. The central building of the citadel has the size of 37x28 m. The outer wall was surrounded with a moat 4 to 20 m in width. The shakhristan of the settlement is surrounded by a wall of 5 m in width and covers the area of 23 ha. Directions of shakhristan walls repeat directions of the walls of the citadel. On its territory, there are several major sites. Two of them can be identified as the caravanserais of 19x19 and 17x17 m in size. The rabad of the settlement has the size 1800 m from the west to the east and 1500 m from the north to the south. Around the settlement there is also a significant area covered with the fields and canals with numerous branches, religious buildings, residential estates, public facilities and small houses. Many of them can be identified by the low elevations and concentrations of the ceramic fragments.
Following the results of the archaeological expedition of 1960-1970s lead by S.P. Tolstov, most of the researchers involved agreed that the ancient settlement of Zhankala could by directly or indirectly associated with the historical city of Zhent. The numismatic materials found on the territory of component demonstrate its close culture and trading interchanges with the regions of Central Asia and the Middle East, China, India and Europe.
Ancient settlement of Zhankent (I-XVIII centuries)
The component is located 20 km south-west from the city Kazaly (Kazalinsk) and 500 m to the south from the village of Zhankent (ancient name – Urkendeu). It is dated by the period from the I century B.C. to the XVIII century.
The ancient settlement has the shape of 375х225 m in size. The citadel has the size of 100х100 m and the height of 7-8 m. The remained archaeological ruins of the city include the main street connecting the gates on the eastern and western walls. In 1986 the scientific archaeological expedition discovered the burial ground of Myntobe dated by the period from I century BC to the XVIII century AC and consisting of hundreds of burials on the northern end of the ancient settlement. The people here have been buried from the first centuries BC to the XVIII century. The latest archaeological researches started in 2006 discovered the streets and houses of XII-XIII centuries on the territory of shakhristan. A pagan Oguz altar of XI-XII centuries found in one of the rooms had the "protoms" in the form of lamb heads.
The first written sources on the city of Zhankent were the texts of Arabic and Persian historians and travellers in X-XI centuries. Throughout the next six centuries, the city was present in the Arabic and Persian historical sources. After that, Zhankent (also called Yangikent) was not only the capital of Oguz State, but also the residence of their governor "Yabgu" and the largest fortified and trading centre in the middle course of the Syrdarya River. This role of the component is explained by its geographical position in the corridor connecting the steppe area of Central Kazakhstan with Central Asia and the Middle East, on the one hand, and the regions of Khorezm, Aral Sea, Caucasus, and the Mediterranean on the other side. During the XVII-XVIII centuries the city was a residence of the Kazakh khans.
The ancient settlement of Zhankent has the official status of the site of the national value. The State Public Institution for the "Protection of Historical and Cultural Sites of the Kyzylorda Region" of the Department of Culture, Archives and Documentation of the Kyzylorda Region is responsible for the administrative management of the component.
Archaeological complex of Sauran (I-XVIII centuries)
The component is located 15 km to the west from the village of Sauran and 1,5 km to the east of the border between Kyzylorda and Turkestan Regions, and situated under the administrative authority of the city of Turkestan (city of the regional subordination).
The site has an oval ground and surrounded by a wall of 3-6 m in height. Its territory has the size of 500 m from the northwest on the southeast and 800 m from the northeast to the southwest. The main gate on the north-eastern part of a wall represents a solid fortified construction, flanked with two projecting towers of two floors. The entry to the city has a form of the corridor of 20 m in length formed by the projecting pieces of a wall. The moat has around 3 m in depth and 15-20 m in width. The central street was leading from the northeastern gate o the city square with a size of around 120х40 m.
The archaeological complex of Sauran includes the territory of the ancient settlement, suburban territory and necropolis. The ancient settlement (or the fortress) of Sauran is the territory inside the wall circle. The area of the ancient necropolis (cemetery) and the mosque is located southeast of the ancient settlement. The area of agricultural exploitation surrounds the ancient settlement from all sides.
The ancient settlement of Sauran has the official status of the site of the national value and managing institution – "Azret-Sultan" State Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve established in 1989.
Sites of the Zhetyasar Oasis (1 millennium BC – beginning of the IX AD)
The component is located on the territory of the East Aral Sea Region and the valley of the middle course of the Syrdarya River. It is a unique concentration of towns, ancient settlements and burial grounds representing the so-called Zhetyasar culture associated with the State of Kangju.
At the first stages of cultural development, the fortified settlements of the Zhetyasar Oasis have an oval or rounded form of 8-25 m in height and 0.5-18 ha. After that, the new fortresses were having several distinctions. Some of them were still having the solid multi-residential buildings typical for the early Zhetyasar culture. However, they were also having additional wall rings and oval towers with the few residential building inside these rings. The core of these towns was composed by the solid multi-storey buildings. The walls of these buildings were the subject of numerous reconstructions, which was changing the location of and their total number. The mount burial grounds around the ancient settlements included the burials of 4 types and three burial constructions. The archaeological excavations of thousand of these burial grounds discovered a great collection of unique archaeological and anthropological materials, including the remains of very important commercial activities (amberbuttons from the Baltic Region, cornelian from India, glass from Syria and Egypt, colorful and smooth silk from China, chalcedony gems from Iran, brooches and bracelets from Eastern and Central Europe and many other accessories).
The first characteristics the culture and heritage sites of the Zhetyasar Oasis were given in 1948 by S.P. Tolstov, who proposed the following separation of the history of the site on three main stages were: I – end of IV century, IV-IVI centuries and a VII-IX centuries. After that these sites were studied for several decades by the famous Khorezm Archaeological Expedition.
The unique and archaic culture of Zhetyasar is very different from the neighboring regions of Kazakhstan and Central Asia. It is characterized by the particularities of the ancient settlements, their organization and tangible culture. None of the sites of this oasis was unfortified. Such particularities as the topography of the settlements, their architecture, fortifications and construction techniques manifest the period of stability and conservatism chronologically covering the large part of its history. The heritage sites of the Zhetyasar Oasis are also characterized by the fact that all of them were located in the immediate proximity to the water canals or other natural water sources, and were surrounded by the necropolis including hundreds and thousands of burial grounds.
Historical sites of the Zhetyasar Oasis are the cultural sites of the regional value. The State Public Institution for the "Protection of Historical and Cultural Sites of the Kyzylorda Region" of the Department of Culture, Archives and Documentation of the Kyzylorda Region is responsible for the administrative management of the component.
Justification of Outstanding Universal Value
Silk Roads – was the outstanding way of facilitating the integration, exchange and dialogue between such region as China on the east, the Mediterranean on the west, and Indian on the south-west and contributing to the common prosperity of human civilizations of the region during almost two thousand years. It starts to function during the II century BC and continue to create conditions for the intercontinental trade until the end of the XV.
Chinese silk was one of the most valuable goods along the Silk Roads. However, there were many other goods traded along these roads: precious metals and stones, ceramics, perfumery, incense and spices, goods made of cotton and wool, glass, wine, amber, carpets and thoroughbred horses. This context of constant trade between the various civilizations existed during the centuries and supported by the system of caravanserais, trading centres, towns and fortresses, makes the Silk Roads one of the longest cultural routes in the history of humanity.
At the same time, the corridors of the Silk Roads transported not only the goods, but also religious beliefs (Buddhism, Judaism, Islam and Christianity, Zoroastrism and Manichaeism), scientific and technological achievements (paper, powder, magnetic compass and porcelain), engineering (for example the bridge buildings), medical and agricultural (for example the growing of cotton and grape vine) techniques and knowledge across the regions of Central Asia, Middle East, Mediterranean and West. The same road was also used by the diplomatic missions, establishing international contacts between different state and regions along the corridors of the Silk Roads.
Criterion (ii): The vastness of the Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor of the Silk Roads, the extremely long period of its functioning, the diversity of the archaeological heritage sites and the forms of cultural exchange, the variety of the geographical environments are its components, clearly demonstrates numerous extensive interactions along the Silk Roads, especially between the nomadic steppe region on the north and north-east and agricultural/oasis/pastoral region on the south and south-west. As a result, present corridor of the Silk Roads is a clear manifestation of the dynamic cultural interchange across the central part of the Eurasian Continent.
Criterion (iii): As all components of the Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor of the Silk Roads are the archaeological sites that were left abandoned for at least several centuries, they remained numerous pieces of evidence of the ancient cultural, economic and religious traditions. The active archaeological studies of these sites started in the second half of the XX century and continued in our days. Some of the most important cultural traditions demonstrated by the component sites of the Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor of the Silk Roads in Kazakhstan are the system of agricultural water canals used for the irrigation, the fortification constructions and the coexistence of different religions on the territory of urban settlements.
Criterion (v): All the components of the Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor of the Silk Roads are geographically situated on the territory of numerous river valleys. The courses of these rivers were constantly changing during the long period of functioning of the Silk Roads. As the result, the local communities get used to adapt their daily life, major economic activities and forms of urban development to the changes of the river courses. This outstanding form of interaction between the natural landscape and human life is well demonstrated by huge and complicated network of water facilities (canals, dumps, wells, reservoirs and cultivated fields).
Statements of authenticity and/or integrity
All the proposed components of the Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor of the Silk Roads are the objects of the active archaeological research activities that have proven the good state of the authenticity of all components. The natural factors that could have the negative impact of the site are the climate changes, erosion and out-washing of the soil, temperature drops. As for the anthropogenic factors, the main risks are related to the economic exploitation of the territory inside and around the nominated components, modern constructions and uncontrolled tourism and visiting of the sites. As far as the authorized state institutions provide the adequate management and monitoring of the state of conservation of the nominated sites, the property will correspond to the factor of authenticity.
All the proposed components of the Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor of the Silk Roads situated on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan are huge urban commercial, economic and political centres on the way between the Fergana Valley and Zhetysu Region on the east and south-east, and the Aral Sea Region on the north-west. It includes all the most famous archaeological sites of the region that were studied by the archaeologists for several decades, as well as several sites that are studied only since the recent period of time. However, together these sites were playing the same important role for the functioning of the system of the Silk Road corridors by providing protection and trading industry to the commercial activities of the past. As the result, the proposed property corresponds to the required factor of the integrity.
In the future, particular attention should be given to several modern constructions (for example the auto-road near the architectural complex of Sauran) and restoration works that could have a potential negative impact on the integrity of the proposed components.
Comparison with other similar properties
The Serial Transnational World Heritage Nomination of the Silk Roads includes numerous participating state-parties, cultural corridors and component cultural heritage sites. All of them were historically contributing to the transmission of the economic, cultural and religious values across. However, the Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor has some following particularities that make it a special in comparison to other corridors and series of components of the Silk Roads:
Location on the border of the nomadic and sedentary civilizations. The various forms of the intercultural exchange between these two very different worlds were much more intensive in comparison to other regions, where the interactions take place, for example, between two communities with the same economic practices.
Location in the middle of the Eurasian continent. This region experienced the active expansion of almost all major world religions that left numerous traces in the tangible culture of local communities.
Location on the territory with relatively limited water sources. As the result, local communities were have to adapt their economic activities on very harsh climatic conditions and produced very particular agricultural and water-managing practices, the remains of which were found in the proximity of all components of the property.
In the conclusion, the property named "Silk Roads: Fergana-Syrdarya Corridor" has a particular place among the other corridors of the Silk Roads.


A previously unknown Rembrandt painting will go on show in the painter's birthplace next year.
Christiaan Vogelaar, curator of old master paintings at the Lakenhal museum in Leiden, confirmed the discovery of the artwork to the Leidsch Dagblad, but refused to give further details.
The picture is currently being restored abroad and will be unveiled to the public on November 3 next year in an exhibition of Rembrandt's early works.
'First we need to make sure it is restored in time so there is enough time to carry out research into the work. I am not allowed to say anything else,' said Vogelaar.
It is the second time this year that a 'new' Rembrandt has been attributed to the artist. Art dealer and historian Jan Six bought a painting at auction in London 18 months ago that was previously described as 'school of Rembrandt'. An examination of the Portrait of a Young Gentleman by experts concluded in May that it had been painted by the master in 1654.


text:
Q: Change the version of default style.css in wordpress I'm working on Wordpress + Bootstrap 4 by customising according to the design. The default style.css loads as:
<link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-bootstrap-starter-style-css'  href='http://localhost/hrone/wp-content/themes/theme_name/style.css?ver=5.2.3' type='text/css' media='all' />

I would like to change the version from 5.2.3 to 5.2.4 or auto change it time base. How do I go about doing this? I have just 1 css file since this is a custom theme.

A: It's using 5.2.3 because no version was specified when style.css was enqueued/registered. So it fell back to the version of WordPress.
If you pass in a version when calling wp_enqueue_style, it will use that value instead

A: In your functions.php file (you're using a custom child theme, right?) change/add the version parameter to wp_get_theme()->get( 'Version' ) this will pull the version number from your theme's style.css file.
https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_enqueue_style/
Setting this parameter to false will use the WordPress version.
wp_get_theme() returns the theme object for the current theme which contains the version.
wp_get_theme()->parent()->get( 'Version' ) will return the parent themes version.
$parent_style = 'wp-bootstrap-starter';
wp_enqueue_style( $parent_style, get_template_directory_uri() . '/style.css', false, wp_get_theme()->parent()->get( 'Version' ) );

wp_enqueue_style(
    'child-style',
    get_stylesheet_directory_uri() . '/style.css',
    array( $parent_style ),
    wp_get_theme()->get( 'Version' )
);

A: Change the version number in your style.css file.
Edit: I misunderstood. I think that's the WordPress version.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package com.frodo.github.bean.info;

import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;

/**
 * Created by Bernat on 24/05/2015.
 */
public class FileInfo implements Parcelable {

    public static final Creator<FileInfo> CREATOR = new Creator<FileInfo>() {
        public FileInfo createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
            return new FileInfo(source);
        }

        public FileInfo[] newArray(int size) {
            return new FileInfo[size];
        }
    };
    public RepoInfo repoInfo;
    public String path;
    public String content;
    public String name;
    public String head;

    public FileInfo() {
    }

    protected FileInfo(Parcel in) {
        this.repoInfo = in.readParcelable(RepoInfo.class.getClassLoader());
        this.path = in.readString();
        this.content = in.readString();
        this.name = in.readString();
        this.head = in.readString();
    }

    @Override
    public int describeContents() {
        return 0;
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    @Override
    public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
        dest.writeParcelable(this.repoInfo, 0);
        dest.writeString(this.path);
        dest.writeString(this.content);
        dest.writeString(this.name);
        dest.writeString(this.head);
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}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The Samsung Gear S3 Classic offers all the smart functionality of a modern smartwatch, with the charm of a classic timepiece. It can monitor and track heart rate, speed and altitude and for a wide range of activities, boosted with access to numerous apps. It is also easy to control, with a bezel that allows wearers to adjust volume and settings, and respond to both calls and texts. Its GPS has a wide range of uses too, from producing optimal hiking routes to monitoring progress over a round of golf, and where to eat afterwards.


text:
Skjærgårdsflirt (Skerry Flirtation) is a Norwegian comedy film from 1932 directed by Rasmus Breistein. It is based on a play of the same name by Gideon Wahlberg. The film is considered lost.

Cast
 Else Bull as Inga Sjøholm, Sjøholm's daughter
 Kristian Hefte as Erik Østerman, Østerman's son
 Finn Bernhoft as Andersen, a wholesaler
 Bjørn Bjørnevik as Sjøholm, a farmer
 Arne Kleve as Østerman, a fisherman
 Vilhelm Lund as Hans, Andersen's nephew
 Birger Løvaas as Karl Anton, a servant boy at the Østerman house
 Lisbeth Nyborg as Augusta Østerman
 Astrid Schwab as Lily Andersen, Andersen's daughter
 Olga Sjøgren as Katrine, a servant girl at the Østerman house

References

External links

 Skjærgårdsflirt at the National Library of Norway
 Skjærgårdsflirt at Filmfront

1932 films
Norwegian black-and-white films
Norwegian comedy films
1932 comedy films
1930s Norwegian-language films
Films directed by Rasmus Breistein

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


On June 22 and 23, the Leadville BBQ and Brew Festival will welcome some of the country's best pit masters to North America's highest-elevation city.
Local microbrews, live music, a car show, and performances at the legendary Tabor Opera House are all part of the two-day festival in this historic mountain town. Families will enjoy a kids' zone with carnival games and prizes hosted by the Advocates of Lake County and a kids' cookoff.
The Leadville BBQ and Brew Festival is a Kansas City Barbeque Society (KCBS) sanctioned event and a cup event for the Rocky Mountain BBQ Association hosted by the Leadville-Lake County Chamber of Commerce. Pit masters will vie for $10,152 in prizes. Teams will compete in four categories; chicken, pork ribs, pork, and brisket. A Peoples' Choice Award will be given on Saturday for competitors who are selling BBQ to the public.
In addition to barbeque, the event celebrates regional craft beer, including Colorado microbrews from Leadville's own Periodic Brewing.
The festival begins at 10 a.m. on Friday, June 22, with the national anthem on the stage at the north end of Harrison Avenue, followed by the start of the BBQ competition.
Live music starts at 11:45 a.m. on Friday and 10:45 a.m. on Saturday. Local bands include Lake County Rain, Groovespeak, the 101st Army Band, and Jessie Lee Thetford. Warsaw Poland Bros., a Reggae and Ska band from California will close down the party on Friday night, and rockers Shlep 'n Wolf, from Vail, will play the grand finale on Saturday. The festival culminates at 5 p.m. on Saturday with the awards ceremony.
Festival-goers can also enjoy performances at Leadville's historic Tabor Opera House. On Friday at 7:30 p.m., folk music singer Marc Berger presents RIDE: 10 cinematic recordings capturing the vastness and romance of the American West. On Saturday at 8 p.m., Josh Hoyer & Soul Colossal will serve up an electric combination of soul, funk and R&B in a high-energy live show.
More details can be found at LeadvilleTwinLakes.com or by calling 719-486-3900.


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World's first mobile phone
It is intresting to know the world first Mobile Phone that has been launched to make our future much better. Communication through mobile Phone get easy and it has so many benefits to use. In today's world no one can rely without a mobile phone, someone has smartphone that is more advanced phone, someone has normal phones. It is mainly used to communicate to anyone anywhere in the world. You can easily communicate to anyone relatives, friends, family, official sources anyone. A mobile phone, cell phone, cellphone, or hand phone, sometimes shortened to simply mobile, cell or just phone, is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link while the user is moving within a telephone service area.
In era of 2000 mobile phones are widely used for other services, such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communications (infrared, Bluetooth), business applications, video games, and digital photography. Mobile phones offering only those capabilities are known as feature phones; mobile phones which offer greatly advanced computing capabilities are referred to as smartphones. Smartphone are more advanced mobile phones with great features that give pleasure also. Invention of mobile phone used to be very useful for today generation, as today it become the necessity of every human being to have a mobile. Let's move on further to know its inventor, first Mobile phone in world and much more.
Motorola DynaTAC ; The first commercially available mobile phone
Motorola DynaTAC was the first commercially available mobile phone in 1983 by Martin Cooper of Motorola made the publicized handheld mobile phone call on a prototype DynaTAC model on April 3, 1973. DynaTAC was an abbreviation of "Dynamic Adaptive Total Area Coverage". It takes roughly 10 hours to charge its battery full, and it offered 30 minutes of talk time. It also offered an LED display for dialing or recall of one of 30 phone numbers. This is a reenactment in 2007. However this was not the first, the first handheld mobile phone was demonstrated by John F. Mitchell and Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973, using a handset weighing c. 2 kilograms (4.4 lbs). In 1979, Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) launched the world's first cellular network in Japan.
About Motorola DynaTAC
The Motorola DynaTAC was the first commercially available mobile phone in 1983 by Martin Cooper of Motorola. DynaTAC is a series of cellular telephones manufactured by Motorola, Inc. from 1983 to 1994. It also offered an LED display for dialing or recall of one of 30 phone numbers. At the launch of its time, it was priced at $3,995 or ₹ 277,472.72 in Indian rupee in 1984, its commercial release year, equivalent to $9,634 or ₹ 672,602.22 Indian Rupee in 2019. After that, Several models followed, starting in 1985 with the 8000s, and continuing with periodic updates of increasing frequency until 1993's Classic II. The DynaTAC was replaced in most roles by the much smaller Motorola MicroTAC when it was first introduced in 1989, and by the time of the Motorola StarTAC's release in 1996, it was obsolete.
Specifications of Motorola DynaTAC – the world first Mobile Phone
Device type Phone
Price $3,995 or ₹ 277,472.72
SIM card size Mini Sim – Regular
Other AMPS 800
Dimensions (H/L/W) 3300 x 898 x 445 mm, vol. 1318710 cm³
Touch screen No
Time GSM (talk/stand-by) 0.5 / 8 hrs. (0.3d)
Battery Ni-Cd
Built-in memory No
OS No
IBM Simon – World first Touchscreen Phone
First Release August 16, 1994
Discontinued February 1995
Predecessor Angler (code name)
Successor Neon (code name)
Type Smartphone
Dimensions 8 in (200 mm) H 2.5 in (64 mm) W 1.5 in (38 mm) D
Mass 18 oz (510 g)
Operating system Datalight ROM-DOS
CPU NEC V30HL, 16 MHz, 16-bit, 8086-compatible CPU as part of Vadem VG230 System on a chip
Memory 1 MB (2 × HM658512LTT PSRAM)
Storage 1 MB of NOR Flash expanded to 2 MB by Stacker compression + 32KB BIOS NOR Flash
Battery 7.5V NiCad
Data inputs Microphone Touchscreen with stylus
Display 4.5 in × 1.4 in (114 mm × 36 mm), 160 × 293 pixel CGA monochrome backlit LCD
Generations of mobile phones
Evolution of mobile phone
1st Generation : After the world first Mobile Phone launched in world, there was a great competion in providing great facilities of phone. DynaTAC was the first commercially available mobile phone that supports 1st generation far more simultaneous calls but still used analog cellular technology.
2nd Generation : In 1991, the second-generation (2G) digital cellular technology was launched in Finland by Radiolinja on the GSM standard. This sparked competition in the sector as the new operators challenged the incumbent 1G network operators.
3rd Generation : Ten years later, in 2001, the third generation (3G) was launched in Japan by NTT DoCoMo on the WCDMA standard. This was followed by 3.5G, 3G+ or turbo 3G enhancements based on the high-speed packet access (HSPA) family, allowing UMTS networks to have higher data transfer speeds and capacity.
4th Generation : By 2009, it had become clear that, at some point, 3G networks would be overwhelmed by the growth of bandwidth-intensive applications, such as streaming media. Consequently, the industry began looking to data-optimized fourth-generation technologies, with the promise of speed improvements up to ten-fold over existing 3G technologies. The first two commercially available technologies billed as 4G were the WiMAX standard, offered in North America by Sprint, and the LTE standard, first offered in Scandinavia by TeliaSonera.
5th Generation : Now the 5G connections is started arriving phones for more fast access to network. Smartphone companies are now making 5g smartphone to give faster network experience. Some of the upcoming 5g handsets are from Oneplus 7 and Oneplus 7 Pro, Huawei and Samsung foldable phone, Xiaomi Mi Mix 3 5G device etc.
Features of having a Mobile Phone
There is lot of features of having a Mobile phone with you. No one can access without smartphones nowadays, as it not possible. Lets know some of its features-
It makes users able to connect through friends, family, relatives from anywhere in this world anytime. As you connect through calling and stay in touch with your loved ones.
Now the mobiles has video calling features also that is able to communicate face to face vision from anywhere in this world anytime.
You can attend you office meeting through internat calling anywhere in this world.
Smartphone have internet conntivity that helps us to surf web, watch movies online, gain knowledge and experience every possible thing with internet.
You can play your favourite games, listen to you loveable tunes, watch videos on your smartphone screen.
As there are soo many different types of features having a smartphone with us. It is easy to use in day to day life and makes our life also as kuch as possible easy to live. As we can communicate anytime to our friends and family. However there are some drawbacks also. Everyone invention has some great advantages as well as there are disadvantages of that invention. We have tried to give you details of having smartphone with you and now everyone know it's importance.
First 10 Mobile phones
Nokia's first 'handheld' mobile phone, the Mobira Cityman 900, launched in 1989 and weighed just 800g – a huge improvement over 1982's 9.8kg Mobira Senator model.
Motorola DynaTAC – 1983 10 hours charge-30 minutes talk
Mobira Cityman 900 – 1987 The Cityman 900 has a total weight of 760 g. The phone measures 183 x 43 x 79 mm
Nokia 6110 – 1997 Three games: Memory, Snake, Logic
Calculator, clock and calendar
Works as a pager
Profile settings 4 colours
Motorola StarTAC's – 1997 Inspired by the communicator from Star Trek, this bad boy was the world's first clamshell handset. Another first for Motorola.
Nokia 5110 – 1998 Dimensions : 48 x 132 x 31 mm
Battery : 900 mAh NiMH
Display : 47 x 84 B/W
BlackBerry 850 – 1999 The BlackBerry 850 was the first handset released under the BlackBerry brand. Ten years later, RIM would be crowned the fastest growing company on the planet. And we all know what happened post-2010.
Nokia 3310 – 2000 It sold very well, being one of the most successful phones with 126 million units sold worldwide, and being one of Nokia's most iconic devices.
Nokia 3390 – 2000 The 3390 uses 1900MHz GSM technology and is offered by various carriers in the US and Canada.
Motorola Razr – 2005 The Motorola Razr was a series of mobile phones by Motorola, part of the 4LTR
BlackBerry Pearl – 2006 Featured a full QWERTY keyboard, a trackball to help navigate (because touchscreens weren't a thing yet), push email (arguably the only reason you'd get a smartphone during this era
Tags: Motorola Smartphones, Nokia Smartphone
Oppo K3 6 GB RAM
Nokia 10 Max Price in India

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


This entry was posted in Doors, Thursday Doors Challenge, Uncategorized and tagged Hearts, Thursday Doors Challenge, Valentine's Day on February 16, 2017 by lifelessons.
Right after my husband Bob died, I moved to Mexico. Every morning, I would take a 2 hour walk on the dry lakebed shore of our rapidly drying-up lake. Immediately, I started to find hearts everywhere. Small plastic hearts, stones in the shape of hearts. Once I found a flip-flop used as a fishing net float that had been distorted into a perfect heart shape by the tight rope that held it to the net. The strangest category of hearts that started to pop up with regularity, however, are pictured below. Look carefully and you'll spot them. For the rest of the story about "Finding Lost Heart in Mexico" you'll have to read Chapter 21 of my book, Lessons from a Grief Diary. How's that for shameless self-promotion?
This entry was posted in photographs, photos and tagged cattle, Hearts, Judy Dykstra-Brown, Photo-a-Week Challenge: Livestock on October 30, 2014 by lifelessons.


Good CSA BASIC scores will keep the DOT and FMCSA off your back, saving you time, expense and headaches. The DOT uses BASIC (Behavior Analysis and Safety Improvement Category) scores to identify carriers for CSA interventions (Interventions Are Bad). If you are above the threshold in one of the BASIC measures, there is a high probability the DOT is going to get to know you better and make your life more difficult. There are three levels of intervention: Early Contact, Investigation and Follow-on. We'll go into a bit more detail for each one.
Early Contact means you probably don't have a huge problem yet, but you are traveling down the wrong path and the DOT wants to know why. Your BASIC scores aren't too bad yet but you probably have one or more basic scores a little bit above the threshold. The DOT is going to start getting to know you better by doing one of two things or possibly both. They will probably send you a Warning Letter explaining which BASIC you are high in and the possible consequences if your safety problems continue. Here is where the real kicker comes in; they are probably going to target your trucks for extra Roadside Inspections. As you know, that is going to increase downtime with your trucks and drivers as they are sitting at more and more ports regularly getting inspected instead of moving down the road. If you haven't fixed the violations that caused your high BASIC score and you're now getting inspected more often, your score is going to continue to get worse and worse and there is a good chance you will be bumped up to the next level of intervention,Investigation.
Investigation means you probably have a really high BASIC score, scores above the threshold in multiple BASIC's, and/or you have a history of being above the threshold scores. There are three types of investigations, none of which is pleasant. First, is an Offsite Investigation where the carrier is required to submit documents directly to the FMCSA or their State Partner. The requested documents are typically relevant to the BASIC(s) the carrier is scoring poorly in. The second type is an Onsite Focused Investigation, which involves a visit to your place of business where the investigator will review the records related to the carrier's problem areas. Finally, the third type is the Onsite Comprehensive Investigation. This is the granddaddy of them all, and is a visit to the carrier's place of business and involves a complete review of the carrier's records. You'd probably rather go through a root canal.
Follow-on intervention typically occurs after an investigation has been completed and the DOT determines additional steps need to be taken. The DOT has four courses of action they can choose from. They can require the carrier to complete a Cooperative Safety Plan; which is developed in conjunction with the DOT to address the underlying problems resulting from the carrier's substandard safety performance. The DOT can also give a Notice of Violation, which requires a formal response from the carrier in the form of aCorrective Action Plan (CAP). The CAP explains in detail what the carrier is doing to remedy their safety issues. In my experience, a notice of violation usually results in the carrier's safety rating being downgraded to Conditional. A Notice of Claim can also be issued when the carrier's violations are severe enough to warrant a fine, which is usually substantial. Finally, if the DOT determines the carrier's safety compliance is so egregious that they feel the carrier is a potential hazard to the public, they will place an Operations Out-of-Service Order requiring the carrier to cease all motor vehicle operations.
The bottom line is, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. Knowing your CSA scores and taking measures to keep them below the threshold will positively impact your business in two main ways. First, doing so will save your trucks time by reducing how often they are pulled aside at ports to be inspected. Second, it will save valuable administrative time needed to prepare for and go through an investigation.
You can check the CSA BASIC scores of any carrier here. In the near future, I will be posting a YouTube video for those of you who don't know how to log on and check your CSA scores. If you have any questions about CSA feel free to post a comment and I will do my best to answer them.
Copyright © 2019 Motor Carrier HQ All rights reserved.


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Wortley sex offender with history of offences against youngsters caught with indecent images of children
Man facing prison sentence after pleading guilty to causing death by dangerous driving over pedestrian hit by car on Stanningley Road
Have you got an original Harry Potter first edition? It could be worth £50,000
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone celebrates its 20th birthday this month - and original copies of the book are now worth up to £50,000.
Monday, 5th June 2017, 8:01 pm
Updated Monday, 5th June 2017, 8:06 pm
Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone celebrates its 20th birthday on 26th June 2017 and today the first edition print run of the book is incredibly valuable.
JK Rowling began writing the book in 1990 and finished the manuscript in 1995.
She submitted it to 12 publishing houses all of which rejected it, before it was accepted and published by Bloomsbury on 26th June 1997.
She was allegedly advised to get a day job as she was unlikely to make any money from the book. Bloomsbury did not think Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone would be a great seller and so only initially printed 500 hardback copies of the book and 5,150 paperbacks which were all released on the same day.
These first edition hardbacks are very rare and of the 500 copies published, about 300 copies were sent to schools and libraries and are no longer in a good condition.
This means that the other 200 copies have become quite valuable and especially those which remain unread.
Twenty years ago the hardback book was for sale for £10.99, and today and rare bookseller Peter Harrington estimates that a good first edition of one of these first printed copies would be worth upwards of £50,000.
There were almost 10 times more paperbacks than hardbacks printed and the value of these books reflects this. Twenty years ago the paperback cost £4.99 and today good first edition copies sell for over £4,000.
Is my Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone valuable?
Peter Harrington are frequently asked by customers whether their copy of the book is valuable and explain that to be valuable it would need to fulfill the following criteria:
-The publisher must be listed as Bloomsbury at the bottom of the title page;
-The latest date listed in the copyright information must be 1997;
-The print line on the copyright page must read "10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1", ten down to one, exactly. The lowest figure in the print line indicates the printing. (For instance, if your copy has "20 19 18 17", it is a seventeenth printing and has no collectable value);
-On page 53 "1 wand" must appear twice in the list;
-The book must be printed in the UK, not Canada, Australia or anywhere else.
Armley fire: Firefighters tackle blaze at Tong Road mill building where children were spotted on site
Caught on camera in Wakefield - 28 people police urgently want to speak to
CCTV images released of Leeds city centre attack suspects
Detectives release CCTV images of suspects after gunpoint robbery at Leeds newsagents
Burglar stole £4,500 worth of bikes during crime spree at Leeds city centre apartment buildings


ISTANBUL (AP) Fourth-seeded Santiago Giraldo of Colombia beat Russian Andrey Rublev 6-4, 1-6, 6-3 to reach the quarterfinals of the inaugural Istanbul Open on Wednesday, while Spaniard Daniel Gimeno-Traver upset sixth-seeded Kazakh Mikhail Kukushkin 6-3, 6-3 to set up a potential match against Roger Federer.
The second-ranked Federer was playing his second-round match later Wednesday against Finnish veteran Jarkko Nieminen.
Giraldo struggled at times against Rublev, with both players dropping their serve three times. Although Rublev had more aces - 7 compared to 3 - Giraldo won more of his first-service points.
He next plays eighth-seeded Diego Schwartzman of Argentina, who took less than one hour to beat Austrian Jurgen Melzer 6-0, 6-2.
Gimeno-Traver dropped serve once, but otherwise was hardly troubled, using five aces and breaking his opponent's serve four times.


While Maori radical group Nga Tamatoa, worked with the Trotskyist, Socialist Action League, it also had close ties to the pro-Soviet, Socialist Unity Party.
Every few years, the old Soviet Front, World Federation of Democratic Youth organises an international festival for pro-communist youth organisations.
In August 1978, the 11th World Festival of Youth and Students, took place in Havana, Cuba.
New Zealand sent a 12 strong delegation-seven members of the SUP's youth wing the "Democratic Youth Front", two from the Labour Party's youth wing and Ripeka Evans, Josie Keeland and Donna Awatere from Nga Tamatoa.
"An overwhelming experience - to see over 18,000 people from 149 countries, representing over 2,000 organisations - working together under the bright Cuban sun for peace, friendship and anti-imperialist solidarity - the memory will remain with us for a long time."
"We went there for an international festival of eastern students which is an event that's held every 4-6 years in different socialist countries. Youth and student organisations throughout the world are invited, by and large they are organisations with some socialist connections. . .
We (3 Maoris, Aborigines and other Pacific Islanders) set about boldly seeking meetings with different organisations. One of the first was the Palestinian Liberation Organisation. . . We lived with them while we were there and that opened doors to situations where we would otherwise have been spectators. . . We spent a lot of time with women who has been active in the Arab/Israel war.
Talking with the PLO women moved my political thinking on from where I thought about making piecemeal demands, like at Bastion Point, Raglan, the land march and so on, to sewing these together into a coherent political philosophy."... "Cuba was the turning point of my life."
Evans had also bared her socialist soul in Broadsheet of October 1982 " Hell, all we have here in New Zealand is 3,000,000 whites, if 12(Castro's early followers) can take on America then 400,000 Maoris can take on 3,000,000 whites. That's the vision I learned in Cuba".


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Q: Uma lógica em php Estou criando um sistema e quero, de forma segura, garantir que meu usuário só poderá fazer cinco postagens no banco de dados, ou seja, no site. Que lógica eu usaria para fazer esse tipo de permissão? Grato.

A: Faz um select antes de abrir o campo de postagem para verificar quantas postagens ele ja fez.
Se vc quiser q seja 5 postagens por dia, faz um campo de data no banco de dados, para fazer a contagem de quantas postagens foi feitas naquela mesma data.
Um select simples ja resolveria.
Algo mais ou menos assim:
SELECT count(id_usuario) as contador FROM suatabela WHERE data = datadehoje
depois um if com o resultado
if (contador >= 5) { echo 'ja atingiu o limite'; }
  else { include('formdepostagem.php'); }
Creio que seja essa a logica q vc busca. Se não for, tenta dar mais detalhes.


Ottawa, Canada—Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on Friday warned of the risk of interference by Russia in Canadian parliamentary elections scheduled for this fall.
"We've seen over the past number of years an increase in the interference or the implication of foreign actors in democratic processes," Trudeau told a news conference in Toronto.
"We saw very clearly that countries like Russia are behind a lot of the divisive campaigns, a lot of the divisive social media, you know, spreads that have turned our politics even more divisive and more anger-filled than they have been in the past," he said.
"Our minister of democratic institutions, Karina Gould, is moving forward on a number of significant ways to ensure that the election that is coming up in six months will be decided by Canadians," he added.
"We are very concerned. Our judgment is that interference is very likely and we think there have probably already been efforts by malign foreign actors to disrupt our democracy," Freeland said on the sidelines of a G7 meeting in northern France.


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Faith in Georgian England Part 3 – The Additional Factors Affecting Faith
It is my pleasure to welcome Regan Walker back to the salon with the last in a three part post regarding faith in Georgian England. Parts one and two were published on 6th and 13th January; I am sure you will find them as fascinating as I do!
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Other factors should be considered because of how they influenced people's view of God, particularly in the 19th century. During this time, new ideas in politics, philosophy, science and art all vied for people's attention. Two in particular, the scientific discoveries of the time and the Industrial Revolution, may have had dramatic effect on the people's faith.
The Countess of Huntingdon's Chapel in Bath
In 1781, while investigating what he and others believed to be a comet, William Herschel, an astronomer, discovered a new planet he named "George's star," after King George III. (In 1850, after Herschel's death, the name would be changed to Uranus.) This was the first planet discovered since ancient times. In 1816, Herschel was knighted, and in 1821 he became President of the Astronomical Society for his achievements. Herschel, a devout Christian, strongly believed that God's universe was characterized by order and planning. His discovery of that order led him to conclude, "[T]he undevout astronomer must be mad."
Herschel's discoveries caused his fellow scientists and theologians to reconsider their prior views of God and the possibility there were other creations in the universe. Not all views expressed were those of believers in God; however, one who was is illustrative of the prevailing attitude was Thomas Dick, a Scottish minister and science teacher. In his book The Sidereal Heavens, published in 1840, he said of Herschel's discovery,
To consider creation, therefore, in all its departments, as extending throughout regions of space illimitable to mortal view, and filled with intelligent existence, is nothing more than what comports with the idea of HIM who inhabiteth immensity, and whose perfections are boundless and past finding out.
Dick's statement is indicative of the view during the early 19th-century in which science was dominated by clergymen-scientists, men dedicated to their scientific work but still committed to their faith in God. Scientific discoveries were seen as entirely consistent with a belief in a Creator.
Geologist William Buckland, mathematician Baden Powell and polymath William Whewell found little conflict in their roles as clergymen and men of science.
Another factor we should consider is the Industrial Revolution, which transformed English society during the 18th and 19th centuries and would certainly cause people to question the established order of things, including the church.
During the 18th century, England's population nearly doubled. The industry most important in the rise of England as an industrial nation was cotton textiles. A series of inventions in the 18th century led to machines that could and did replace human laborers, and the use of new, mineral based materials that replaced those based on animal and vegetable material. The effect of machines replacing workers, particularly in the textile industry, was keenly felt in some parts of England.
During the period 1811-1816, a group called "the Luddites" reacted by smashing thousands of machines developed for use in the textile industries in Yorkshire, Nottinghamshire, Leicestershire and Derbyshire. Thus the Midlands became the center of much unrest. The poor, crippled by bad harvests and taxes and resentful at having no vote, rose up. At times, the clergy would even become involved. For example Hugh Wolstenholme, curate of Pentrich in Derbyshire, took a stand on the side of his parishioners and was critical of the government in the Rebellion of 1817. For his role, he had to flee to America. Interestingly, he attended Trinity College Cambridge when Charles Simeon was the rector. (My novel, Against the Wind, features the rebellion in the Midlands that took place in 1817, dubbed "the last revolution in England".)
As England changed from an agricultural to an industrial economy during the 19th century, the lives of the working class were disrupted and many people relocated from the countryside to the towns. In 1801, at the time of the first census, only about 20% of the population lived in towns. By 1851, the figure had risen to over 50%. New social relationships emerged with the growing working and middle classes. During this time of upheaval and relocation, though some individuals, like Charles Simeon, exercised great spiritual influence, the Church as a whole failed to grapple with the problems that resulted from the huge surge in population and the growth of industrial towns. Still, perhaps both the problems and the movement of people to the towns, where they might hear the message of the great preachers of the day, spurred them to examine their faith. One can only hope.
All Things Austen, An Encyclopedia of Austen's World, Vols. I & II (articles on the Clergy and Religion) by Kirstin Olsen
Selina, Countess of Huntingdon by Faith Cook
The Bachelor Duke, 6th Duke of Devonshire 1790-1858 by James Lees-Milne
An Introduction to the History of the Church in England by Henry Offley Wakeman (3rd edition, 1897 on Google Books)
A Practical View of the Prevailing Religious System of Professed Christians, in the Higher and Middle classes in This Country Contrasted with Real Christianity, by William Wilberforce, 1798
Religious Upheaval During 17th Century England by Katherine Pym
The Clapham Sect by O. Hardman
Life in the 19th Century by Tim Lambert
Taylor University: Charles Simeon
The Regency World of Author Lesley-Anne McLeod
Jane Austen and the Evangelicals
A Nation Improving in Religion: Jane Austen's Prayers and Their Place in Her Life and Art by Bruce Stovel
Nancy Mayer, Regency Researcher, The Bishops and Archbishops in England in 1815
The Anglican Library
Church Furnishing in 19th Century England
The History Guide: The Origins of the Industrial Revolution in England by Steven Kreis, Ph.D.
On Herschel's Forty-Foot Telescope by Kathleen Lundeen
Amazing Grace: the Story of John Newton by Al Rogers
Jane Austen and Slavery by Ibn Warraq
Austen, Emma and the Prince by Stever King
From The Victorian Web:
Nineteenth-Century Riots and Civil Disorders
Victorian Science and Religion (referring to early 19th century beliefs)
Bestselling author Regan Walker loved to write stories as a child, particularly those about adventure-loving girls, but by the time she got to college more serious pursuits took priority. One of her professors encouraged her to pursue the profession of law, which she did. Years of serving clients in private practice and several stints in high levels of government gave her a love of international travel and a feel for the demands of the "Crown" on its subjects. Hence her romance novels often involve a demanding sovereign who taps his subjects for "special assignments." In each of her novels, there is always real history and real historic figures.
Regan lives in San Diego with her golden retriever, Link, whom she says inspires her every day to relax and smell the roses.
www.reganwalkerauthor.com
Find Regan Online
Regan's Amazon author page
Regan's blog
Written content of this post copyright © Regan Walker, 2015.
Labels: England, Guest, Religion
Regan Walker said...
Hi, Catherine. Thanks so much for featuring my article on your blog. I hope others have found the subject as fascinating as I did.
Thank you, Regan!
Thank you for your three posts and the marvelous links!
I'm glad you enjoyed them; it's been a fascinating series!
You are most welcome, Anne. Thanks so much for letting me know you enjoyed them.


Interesting question, but i don't think it would work like that here. Actually i know, coz i've seen patches where they have let it go. The problem is that there's been too much man-made interference for it to revert back naturally. The trees were all cut down and non-native grass planted for cows - if you let it go then you'd just get very high grass that would strangle out everything else. There's no way trees could get a foot-hold to compete with the grass. There are patches of it that i've been trying to tackle with the brush-cutter that have been let grow for decades - it's just pure grass about as high as me. The only tree that seems to have any hope of competing is the camphor - which grows on the creek banks - maybe coz the floods periodically flatten the grass out - but it is itself an invasive species here and even poisonous to wildlife apparently.
I did let that block next to me in Taitung go a few times - similar situation. If there are already a few trees in existence to give shade and stop the grass growing so high then they've got some chance, but in an open field it's tough. If you had a few hundred years to play with then the forest might creep down from the mountains where it's established.


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Abzeita Djigma: The Solar Princess
(what's a "Modern Worthy"? click here to find out!)
A Princess's Plan to Bring Light to the 620 Million Africans Without Power
Many people living in Africa need electricity, but don't have it. Luckily, something of a solar power revolution is afoot in Africa, triggering a wave of innovation from solar energy entrepreneurs. One of them is a princess descended from an ancient Mossi warrior, who stresses that the best way to combat this problem is by empowering the people to educate and help themselves.
Djigma traces her lineage back to warrior princess (and possibe future RP) Yennenga of the Mossi tribe, who was the founding mother of Burkina Faso.
(thanks to John for sending this in!)
Next: Tsuneko Sasamoto
Previous: Ruth Coker Burks
Nancy Wake
This most-wanted WW2 spy rescued Jews and POWs, blew up Nazi trains, and used an X-rated radio rhyme to identify herself to Britain.
Luisa Capetillo
In 1915, this rowdy Puerto Rican activist was arrested for wearing pants in public. It wouldn't be the last time she wore pants, or got arrested.
Mkabayi kaJama
One of the most powerful women in Zulu history, this cursed princess did what was necessary to protect the realm.
Timoclea
When a soldier raped her, this woman tossed him in a well and threw rocks at him until he died.
Vitka Kempner
Spy, smuggler, saboteur, partisan: this Jewish woman refused to go like a lamb to the slaughter, and fought the Nazis tooth and nail... even after the war, when she, alongside others, poisoned thousands of Nazi POWs in a revenge plot.
Inge Ginsberg
As a Holocaust survivor, her poetry was too dark for some, but it was perfect for death metal.
Mary Ellis
At age 101, this woman was one of the last surviving female pilots from WW2, and older than the Royal Air Force by one year - she died today.
Jess Wade
She wrote 270 Wikipedia articles in a single year -- "I had a target for doing one a day, but sometimes I get too excited and do three."
Miriam O'Brien Underhill
Men? Mountaineer Miriam O'Brien Underhill Don't Need No Stinkin' Men - She pioneered and argued for "manless" climbing in a…
DeDe Phillips
She was attacked while putting up a "Women who behave rarely make history" bumper sticker on her truck. No, seriously.
Ching Shih
Headed a squadron of 80,000 pirates, ruled the Chinese seas for two decades, and actually retired happily - but not before extorting a nice pension from the Chinese government.
Loud, proud, uncompromising: this bold politician helped bring about Title IX, the Freedom of Information Act, and the Equal Rights Amendment - as well as much more.
Wungala
When she came face-to-face with a great monster, this mother saved her child and herself through bravery, quick thinking, and great culinary skills.
Sayyida al-Hurra
Indomitable pirate queen who ran Morocco and ruined Portuguese trade.
Ani Pachen
When China invaded her native land, this would-be monk put down her pacifist dreams and took up arms.


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An appeals court must now decide whether Holmes' attorney can use controversial photos of a dead Afghan man that his defense team says will clear his name.
His family is paying an emotional and financial toll.
Dana Holmes lost her county job earlier this year after a flurry of media calls to her office and a blitz of news reports about her son. It's just as well, she said, because she needs to focus on her son right now.
The family is living on the wages of Dana's partner, Wendy Vanderford.
Even Andrew Holmes' weekly phone calls cost the family about $400 a month.
Dana Holmes said she was forced to decide, after a family vote, whether to fix her furnace or take the family to Washington for her son's hearing in November. This winter, space heaters are keeping the house warm.
They've tried to take monthly trips to Washington for short visits to keep Holmes' spirits up.
The family has received some donations and scraped together enough money to pay for private attorney Daniel Conway, who works with national law firm Gary Myers & Associates.
These types of cases are "exhausting" for the family — emotionally and spiritually, Conway said.


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Recent content by Jane
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Rosie Mercado Size 26/28 model
One of the "Taboo" programs yesterday was on Fatties. It featured a Dimensions get together, and the Miss Plus Size Contest. On this one Rosie Mercado was not the winner, but she was strikingly beautiful as were many of the ladies completing. However, Rosie's looks had a compelling quality...
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You may be right. They may have needed someone to design Heidi's gray and floppy line.
I love the judge's justifications. Andy followed our criticisms too much. Didn't we tell Mondo not to use that gown, he needed a little back dress(which Tim told him not to show). Gretchen has followed our advice (no, she's basically spit on you backstage...be happy you weren't fabric)...
Yeah, I feel like I wasted a season. Well, at least the parts I didn't fast forward through.
You use nice descriptions of her clothes. I'm kinda sticking with tacky.
I have to say, I the "Pipi Longstocking braids over the head" actually made me cringe. There may be stuff you do at home that you JUST DON'T wear out in public. Also, because they NEVER mention the other designer's shows on PR you can see this if you want to feel a little better...
Michael: Leaving town would mean leaving his son. I think that would be the toughest thing on Earth for him. Gretchen: I found her newfound niceness fake. Maybe having her life fall apart had an impact on her. I just don't believe it. I think she's seen how she came across on the show...
I was really unimpressed with the mini-collections shown. I hope the larger collections show more imagination. And, beyond anything possible, Mondo made that top work with the skirt in his last piece. THAT was a touch of genius.
If they did, it was off camera. They've acted like her same design used over and over was the freshest thing on Earth. It must be strange to adapt your designs to their expectations and compliments only to have the rug pulled out from under you.
You know, that could drastically effect the sales of Crown Royal if more of us have that feeling.
I wish they would throw in one "larger" model and have them design one outfit for her that would fit in with their overall collection. However, I doubt that will be it.
During the competition, going to Mood, it doesn't matter if he knows it was jersey. (Which he evidently knows how to sew.) When he starts ordering fabric, however, it could be a BIT of a problem. He could end up with a warehouse full of grey sweatshirt material. And, No, Michael Kors, it...
It seemed like everyone wanted to take every comment the judges have made about their designs all season and sew them up in big hot messes. Gretchen stepped outside her "moss hanging on a branch but it would sell at the Gap" design sense...but not in a good way. I sometimes think she needs...
No, she wants to argue with the judges which ALWAYS goes over well!! They all need a reality check. Michael could be just as bad as the team that has dogpiled on him, but by taking the high road, he has stayed in the competition and excelled.
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I've been thinking a lot about Intranets this year. The question is coming up more frequently with clients as to how to use Intranets to lower costs, and improve employee engagement; and the one word which keeps coming up in one form or another is Collaboration. How do you get turn your Intranet into a tool which employees both want and need to use on a daily basis, and one which they use for working with other employees?
Collaboration seems to have been the buzz word of 2011. Much in the same way that Social Media has really taken off and become a key tool for businesses to talk to their customers, it seems that Social Media type tools are being increasingly used to engage and communicate with staff. Bulletin board and twitter style update tools that spring to mind which are focussing on this niche are yammer and present.ly but it still seems to me that these one-line Facebook style updates provide just one channel and you can't rely on all employees wanting to to engage in this way. Often they will be trying to find or communicate information regarding policies or procedures which are better housed in a document library or sent only to certain individuals.
Back in 2001 I worked with Phones4u when John Caudwell hit the news for banning email. I have no idea if he was the first big business man to hit upon this concept, and he certainly hasn't been the last – in fact Atos recently declared a ban on all internal emails. In principle there is a sound argument that emails are distracting, prevent people from doing their day to day job, and that people overly rely on it for all communications, when often picking up the phone and talking is a far better way to get a resolution. However in truth, like with bulletin or discussion boards this is only one channel and it is about using it in the correct way. Email is a very efficient tool for confirming actions & minutes, sending contracts & agreements or providing notifications of events. Where email fails it is frequently because it is being used instead of conversation. The Inbox fills up and the important notifications get missed. However, in today's world of overcrowded diaries, flexible hours and working in different locations and different time zones, an alternative mechanism for conversation than face to face meetings is still required.
For the past decade or so I think it's fair to say that Intranets have most commonly been used as a broadcasting tool and document repository; with sales messages, staff policies, organisation charts, structure changes and staff bulletins being the key purpose of the site. Unfortunately over time many Intranets have become clogged with information, with fewer people keeping them up to date and relevant information becoming increasingly more difficult to find. More recently Intranets have been plugged into more interactive tools such as HR systems, time management systems or Management Information Systems. However there was still largely a disparity between the types of interaction: interaction between users and Intranet tools, and interaction between multiple users.
Increasingly though organisations are spotting this gap. The fact that employees are having to move between email, Intranets and various interactive tools is being seen as a barrier to efficiency; and so there is a desire to bring the systems together and the line between which mechanism to use when is becoming increasingly blurred. When you look at systems such as IBMs Connections software which links email to a social media type interactive bulletin/discussion board, and can also host content managed web copy and documents or when you look at the various ways you can use Sharepoint tas a web publishing tool for both pages and documents, and where you can not only publish documents but feedback on them and introduce version control – then you start to realise how joined up Intranets could really become.
Who do staff need to communicate/interact with to do their day to day job?
What tools do staff need to do their day to day job?
What information does staff need to do their day to day job?
How are you going to train staff as to which elements to use for which types of communication and then ensure a culture of correct use is followed?
If you start to get too carried away with the technology, or don't invest the time and therefore forget to ask these key areas, then I fear that no matter what solution is put in place it will ultimately grow into another example of an Intranet which ultimately is undervalued.


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NEED4B Site Borås & Varberg
Christian Kylin
Derome Hus AB
The NEED4B demonstration site in Sweden features two buildings, which represent pre-fabricated low-energy wooden framed villas of between 140 and 200 m2. The houses were manufactured beforehand and then assembled at the selected locations. One building was assembled in a new attractive residential area near Varberg and used as display house for a time. The second building of the same kind was assembled at a research facility in Borås and used as a full-scale test lab for energy-efficient technologies and construction details, with artificial user-behaviour loads. Different HVAC equipment performance was tested and evaluated, as well as the impact of different user-behaviours and construction details. The building was used in parallel for smart grid research and as a showcase for journalists and visitors.
The strength of their construction aimed to show how the future would deal with the issue of energy in private homes and strive for zero-energy buildings. The buildings also went beyond the issue of energy waste management and water management adapted to the region. Renewable energy sources were the focus in the construction of these buildings.
Pre-fabricated villas are a mass-market product. The house model is not a prototype, but a real solution to become part of the standard catalogue. It was constructed and equipped with energy solutions that work in various climates and countries from Helsinki to Strasbourg, including the United Kingdom, Germany and other countries with a similar climate.
The two buildings have a total area of 310 m2. They integrate photovoltaic panels, designed to generate 3 000 kWh/year, and solar thermal panels. According to the design data, the primary energy consumption of the building is to be reduced to 50 kWh/m2/yr.
The two buildings feature the following technological measures:
Building services (HVAC and lighting)
Energy systems integration
Thermal collectors
Near-to-surface geothermal energy
Deep geothermal energy
ICT as planning support
Smart monitoring system with 100 measuring points in Borås and 30 measuring points in Varberg
Smart electricity grid
Smart internal powergrid


The FTDI cable is a USB to Serial (TTL level) converter which allows for a simple way to connect TTL interface devices to USB. The I/O pins of this FTDI cable are configured to operate at 5V. The I/O pins of this FTDI cable are configured to operate at 5V.... Connect the Blue (CTS) wire to the MISO pin (Arduino pin 11) Start up the IDE and select the COM port of the FTDI friend Make sure you have the right Board selected, for whatever you want to burn.
Connect your Xbee with the Xbee USB shield to the computer and set the configuration in XCTU. You can either configure both Xbees with the USB shield (switch them out, disconnect USB in between) or you can solder the male headers onto the Lilypad Xbee shield, connect it with the FTDI Shield to the computer and do the configuration via this interface. how to change bulb in led downlight So, you want to program a bootloaded AVR. Or possibly, you have an Arduino Lilypad and no way to program it. There are a few solutions available to you: You could buy a USB to FTDI adapter (available at Adafruit, Sparkfun, etc), you could buy a simple FTDI cable, or you could build something.
15/10/2011�� Hello, I bought a lilypad and it did not come with an FTDI board (it appeared on the website that it did). I was kind of hoping to use it over the weekend, so it's impossible for me to order one at the moment. how to remove graco click connect base A standard USB A to some sort of B cable is used to connect the bridge to the computer. The other connection is a 0.1" pitch female header designed to connect to the microcontroller. Many of our products come with a compatible row of plated-through holes.
If your FC has the CP2102 chip on it, you can just connect the FC to your computer using an FTDI adapter via UART1. Buy FTDI Adapter from: Banggood Amazon Connection: Only 4 wires are needed, TX to RX, RX to TX, 5V to 5V and GND to GND.


This January, Aneesh's father, Ram Chopra, signed up for Medicare. He had some health issues that meant he saw nearly a dozen doctors and specialists in the first three months of 2015, with very little coordination between them. He's better now, but so much of his journey could have been made simpler.
In the coming months, the Obama administration will finalize three rules that could address a number of confusing issues and create a more competitive marketplace focused on helping folks like Ram make better sense of it all.
First, the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is considering a shift in the way patients can access their health information. Currently, CMS requires doctors and hospitals to have online portals, where patients can view, download, and transmit their own health information. The problem is that few patients actually use these portals, in part because many of them were built for compliance, rather than to delight users.
CMS is considering shifting to a model where doctors and hospitals would instead be required to have a software interface (an API) for third party apps that the patient chooses. Instead of requiring "retail" functionality for patients on hospital websites, CMS would require "wholesale" interoperability with external apps and services. As we wrote a few weeks back, "wholesale" APIs can be a significant catalyst for innovation by allowing for many competing "retail" services.
Some patients might prefer to see their own health information through an online patient portal. Others might prefer the latest mobile app or service. Aneesh's dad can't seem to make up his mind! A shift to wholesale regulation could free up how providers respond to patient requests, and more importantly, better engage folks like Aneesh's dad in their own care.
Supporting this proposed policy shift is a technical collaboration, the Argonaut Project, which aims to simplify the burdens on doctors and hospitals to make interoperability a reality. You can call your doctor or hospital and encourage them to join as an early adopter so your feedback can be incorporated into how they make data available to the patient's choice of applications.
Second, CMS is evaluating a rule that would require health plans to publish provider directories in machine readable format, making it easier for consumers to shop for health insurance.
Before Aneesh's dad signed up for Medicare, he took a long, hard look at Medicare Advantage plans offered by the private sector. The shopping experience was frustrating, because he had to manually sort through his favorite doctors to see if they were in the network or not. Often, that involved calling the practices directly and hearing a noncommittal response (e.g. "we think we are in that plan" or "we don't accept it"), even though the doctor's name was in the directory.
Being able to search for just the plans that accept Ram's doctors would have been helpful in sorting out whether or not he should switch to Medicare Advantage.
Third, CMS is finalizing terms for provider participation in Accountable Care Organizations (ACO), designed to better coordinate care for folks like Aneesh's dad, and to share in the resulting savings. Today, Ram's assignment to a primary care physician in an ACO is based upon a calculation by CMS, after the fact. CMS can change that by allowing Ram to "opt in" and designate a primary care doctor in an ACO who might offer improved care coordination services.
If Ram was served by an ACO, Medicare would protect his privacy by offering beneficiaries a choice as to how much care information to share with that ACO. Yet in a bizarre twist, he would have to literally call Medicare on the phone or write a letter in order to communicate his privacy preferences.
Aneesh signed his father up for MyMedicare.gov, which simplifies access to health information. But surprisingly, patients in an ACO can't use the MyMedicare.gov portal to express their privacy preferences. Allowing patients more choice and control would help strengthen the ACO program and engender greater trust among its beneficiaries.
CMS's three proposed rules collectively promise to make healthcare simpler and better for millions of Americans.
Reflecting on the experience of Aneesh's dad earlier this year, we wonder how much more effectively his condition could have been treated with a simpler and more transparent health care system. Likely, Ram would have had fewer tests, found the right providers the first time rather than bouncing from doctor to doctor, and generally reduced the overall anxiety that arises from grappling with complex health conditions. He, and every American, deserve a health system that puts the patient first.
Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government. Papers and blog posts by our Fellows.


Even if you're as much of a beauty magpie as me, I totally get that choosing and buying products can be quite overwhelming – especially with all the hype that comes with new releases and cult buys!
Omorovicza Acid Fix; Although the name of the product doesn't sound too friendly, it's my skins BFF at the moment! I've been putting this on around 2 or 3 times a week after cleansing and it wasn't long before I noticed a difference! It's a bit of an all-rounder for improving the overall look of my complexion, with pretty instant results too.
It has a slight tingle when I apply it, nothing too harsh but I can tell it's working it's magic, and it dissolves into my skin in an instant, leaving me with the best possible base for lathering on night creams. Come morning, I do feel I look a lot fresher with a glowy complexion all round.
IGK CRYBABY Anti-Frizz Smoothing Serum; This serum is my absolute go-to right now – I used to wash, dry and curl my hair everyday, so I'm trying to make it up to my hair and actually take care of it (I hope one day it forgives me!).
Now I'm curling my hair less, I'm reaaally struggling to tame pesky flyaways, I seem to always have a bit of fuzz around my parting – especially on the second day.
With a double whammy of coconut oil and pickle pear antioxidant, this silky formula tames, strengthens and smoothes my frizzy locks – and the best bit is I can use it on damp or dry hair. It's not greasy and it helps hold my curls in place too. I use it on wet hair before blowdrying and then apply a tiny amount on my hairline when I feel like I need it (bye bye baby hair). I love the artsy Lichtenstein-esque packaging too, it's definitely a product I keep out on the shelf and not tucked away in the drawer!
Becca First Light Backlight Priming Filter; This do-all primer is such a good investment if you're in the market for a good skin perfector, it's truly transformed my primer game.
Lush Sleepy Body Lotion; For anyone that has ever had trouble sleeping, this one is for you! I really, truly think this product helps me sleep better, which is why I often go through an entire tub when I'm trying to beat jetlag!
The scent of this slumber-inducing saviour is one of my favourite smells ever; a mix of herbal lavender with sweet vanilla. I sweep it all over before bed (usually after a Twilight Bath Bomb scented bath!) and not only does it leave me feeling super nourished, it also helps me drift away into a peaceful slumber. If you're a restless sleeper, I'd definitely recommend adding this to your routine immediately!
So there we have it, four products that I just had to share with you! Have you tried any of these?
The Becca primer sounds so great, and love ♥love ♥your hairstyle. Always a beautiful look!
I'm also a big fan of Lush Sleepy! I think they also make the Twilight scent in a body spray, which I may need to investigate.
Loving this kind of blog post!
The Becca primer has been on my to buy list for so long now I think I need to just to take plunge and get it!
That Becca Primer is definitely on my wish list!
Lush Sleepy is my babe!
I feel ya – she's my bestie!
If I'm ever creating a "gift basket" of stuff for friends, I often throw in Lush's Sleepy Lotion. It's such a lovely product.
I am so curious about that Becca Primer! crossing my fingers that Sephora carries a baby version of it!
I love the sound of the Becca primer! I'm a sucker for primers anyway, and this one sounds great.
I want the Becca Primer so bad!
Sleepy body lotion from Lush is one of my all time favorites! I absolutely love their remoulated and remaned Sleepy shower gel it smells amazing. Perfect for before bedtime use. Their Twilight bath bomb smells identical to these and it's one of my all time favorites!
I've never tried anything from Lush but that Sleep Body Lotion sounds tempting – anything to help me sleep!
I had a sample of that Becca primer but I've no idea what I did with it, how annoying. Might have to get another as it sounds fab!
That Becca primer was one of my favorites when I worked at Sephora !
I'm curious about Omorovicza Acid Fix, sounds like something that I would love !
I love the lush sleepy body lotion – I really need to repurchase a tub!


text:
Know the laws about when and how much you get paid
Minimum Wage Rates By State
Federal Minimum Wage
Tipped Minimum Wage Rates
Minimum Wage August 30, 2015
St. Louis has now joined several other municipalities by raising their minimum wage
(St. Louis, Missouri, August 28, 2015) St. Louis has now joined several other municipalities including Seattle, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley and New York by raising their minimum wage above both the federal and…
Minimum Wage July 23, 2015
Los Angeles increases it's minimum wage to 15 dollars
(Los Angeles, California, July 21, 2015) The Los Angeles county board of supervisors has just agreed to draft a proposal to increase the minimum wage in Los Angeles County, the nation's most populous county, to…
Amazon's $15 Minimum Wage: What's behind it? PART III
Amazon's $15 Minimum Wage: What's behind it? PART II
Amazon's $15 Minimum Wage: What's behind it? PART I
Amazon Raises Minimum Wage
Overtime Laws


Ohaa Song was a hit song when it was release. The fans asked for a remix and MC Galaxy made that happen. This is the release, a remix to OHAA song featuring Peruzzi.
MC Galaxy is very busy this year, he recently releases "Nsima ". and there is already a follow up song on the pipeline. Willzbeatz produced the song, Selebobo masted the song and Fiokee on the guitar.


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Variety Read Next: Box Office: Liam Neeson's 'The Marksman' Ends 'Wonder Woman 1984' Reign
Jan 13, 2009 12:35pm PT
Vancouver critics praise 'Milk'
'C'est pas moi' wins best Canadian film prize
By Erin Maxwell
Erin Maxwell
@erinemaxwell
Women Quietly Become a Force in Comic Book World 5 years ago
Comic-Con Kicks Off with Major Star-Filled Parties 8 years ago
Gang of 'Thrones' Guest Stars Rise Above the Fray 8 years ago
Canadian critics praised "Milk" as the year's best pic at the Vancouver Film Critics Circle awards Jan. 12. The drama also won best male performance for star Sean Penn.
"C'est pas moi, je le jure!" was won the prize for best Canadian film, while its helmer Philippe Falardeau won for best director and star Suzanne Clément took home the honor for best supporting actress in a Canadian film.
Kate Winslet followed her double win at the Golden Globes with a prize for best actress that recognized her work in both "The Reader" and "Revolutionary Road."
CANADIAN FILM"C'est pas moi, je le jure!"
BRITISH COLUMBIA FILM
David Fincher, "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button"
DIRECTOR OF A CANADIAN FILM
Philippe Falardeau, "C'est pas moi, je le jure!"
ACTOR IN A LEAD ROLE
Sean Penn, "Milk"
ACTRESS IN A LEAD ROLE
Kate Winslet, "Revolutionary Road"/"The Reader"
ACTOR IN A SUPPORTING ROLE
Heath Ledger, "The Dark Knight"
ACTRESS IN A SUPPORTING
Rosemarie DeWitt, "Rachel Getting Married"
ACTOR IN A CANADIAN FILM
Natar Ungalaaq, "The Necessities of Life"
ACTRESS IN A CANADIAN FILM
Marianne Fortier, "Maman est chez le coiffeur"
SUPPORTING ACTOR IN A CANADIAN FILM
Randy Quaid, "Real Time"
SUPPORTING ACTRESS IN A CANADIAN FILM
Suzanne Clément, "C'est pas moi, je le jure!"
Achievement Award for Contribution to the British Columbia Film Industry
William Vince