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Does Global Defense News Affect The People
Global security is a collection of ideas, largely developed by the United Nations. The world�s security is everyone�s business. This means that no single nation will be safe and secure unless almost all are secure. We mainly focus on eliminating conflict through international aid, law, global governance, and confidence-building measures. Thus, the use of force must be reserved for peace enforcement, peacekeeping, and protecting innocent citizens from the violence. Today, Global Defense News has come to offer different people different things. As said earlier, there are different kinds of national securities available these days. Even, security is offered for our health, women, and food along with energy, environment, and our economy too .
The concept of human security is huge and wide, and it basically includes the safety of the people from various threats and problems like disease, hunger, repression and other related disruptions to human life. But over the years, the concept has been expanded and has included food security, environmental security and the defense of women and children as well as personal securities. Rather than focusing on the economic and social issues, its unique character focuses on downplaying or avoiding national security because of military problems that arise between the nations.
The degree or the extent to which the people and government of a nation can gain access to various energy and natural resources like gas, water, minerals and oil without any involvement of other nations and military entities are referred to as energy and natural resources security. Domestic security functions, immigration security, air transport security as well as border security and other related issues come under and are handled by the Homeland security. The primary aim of cybersecurity is to protect the computers, databases and operating systems of the people and the government from any kind of internal as well external threats and includes National Security News as well.
Environmental security is a concept with a number of meanings. One among them is the more traditional idea of reacting to conflicts being caused by some environmental problems including energy disruptions, water shortages, and severe climate changes. As these problems are quite transnational, they may cause conflicts between nation-states. Another recent concept is to protect the climate and the environment. More often, our human cause environmental degradation and this threat should be addressed by international governance and treaties. Though natural disasters weren�t considered threats to our national security in the past, the ideology of visit the next website page warming and climate change takes hold into the national security community.
In order to enforce national security, our government relies on a broad spectrum of measures including economic, political, diplomacy, and military power. Security conditions were built regionally and globally to reduce transnational causes of insecurity like climate change, political exclusion, economic inequality, and nuclear proliferation. So, governments increasingly organize their national security policies and strategies. Even, some states appoint a National security advisor or council so as to oversee the strategy. Furthermore, numerous defense companies are now producing growth, investments as well as employing labor force. Hence, we need a significant level of willingness and cooperation between the government and state institutions.
Energy & natural resources security are usually known as the extent to which people or a nation have access to energy resources such as gas, water, oil, and minerals, without conflicts with other nations, military or political entities. Homeland security is a unit that carries out local security functions, which involve port and airport security, transportation security, immigration security, border security, and other related issues. The purpose of cybersecurity is to keep the people and the government safe from having their computer, operating systems, and data processing infrastructure from being stolen or mishandled either from inside or outside the country. This requires the involvement of Homeland Security and National Security News as well as strong law enforcement.
It is believed that you can get at least some things right if you strive to do everything. The concept of national security is not only knowing what is essential for our nation�s security, but it also tells what the nation can expect our constitution to do and not to do. But more importantly, it is essential for the Department of Defence and the Armed Forces to understand this concept properly. The best way to understand what is national security is to go through Aerospace Defense Industry News and properly establish what is exactly is the criterion of the threats to our national security.
To summarize, national security is not something that may harm the well being of the nation or the people but instead, it involves their security and their freedom as well. The perception of social injustice as a nation�s security problems has become common but it is important to that social injustice or equality is domestic concerns and not an issue for national security. The collective aim of national security is to protect our nation as a whole at the basic level and to protect its people from external threats or attacks is its highest business.
[2018-08-15] isidro99y44 :
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Falcimala is een geslacht van vlinders van de familie spinneruilen (Erebidae), uit de onderfamilie Herminiinae.

Soorten
F. acosmopis Turner, 1902
F. angulifascia Rothschild, 1916
F. atrata Butler, 1889
F. japonica Butler, 1881
F. lativitta Moore, 1882
F. morapanoides Rothschild, 1916
F. ochrealis Hampson
F. sassana Strand, 1918

Spinneruilen

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Travelling through the cities of central Europe during the month of December, you need a jacket that keeps out the weather and keeps you warm as well. A jacket like the Womens Park Avenue Jacket from Jack Wolfskin - has a classic, deconstructed style but with all the functionality you'd expect from an outdoor jacket–so it's waterproof, windproof, breathable and warm. The weatherproof spec is due to the outer fabric. This version has a soft, marled-look exterior. Under the shell fabric, the jacket has a synthetic fibre fill. And for added comfort, it has an extra soft fleece lining in the shoulders and collar. So you can enjoy winter to the full, whatever the weather.


As a trainer specialising in pre and postnatal personal training, I have to be in the know about the pelvic floor. In reality the pelvic floor is something all girls and guys need to be aware of. However this particular information is for all of the new mums out there!
As a mum (especially a new one) your pelvic floor is something you need to be aware of and vigilant with when embarking on any fitness plan. Remember, to get started on a postnatal fitness plan you need to be at least 6 weeks postpartum (natural delivery) and at least 12 weeks postpartum if you had a C-section. The most important thing, no matter what stage you are at, is for you to ensure you have your doctor's clearance before you begin. Remember – look after your body!
Here I fill you in on all of the fun facts about the pelvic floor; what the issues are, how to know if you have them and how to modify your program to work around them.
Depending on many factors including your age, stage of motherhood, your pregnancy and birth experiences, the number of children you have and several other factors; you may experience varying degrees of pelvic floor issues. From your own experiences you might already be well aware of what your body and pelvic floor are capable of when it comes to exercise, and that is great!
If you aren't quite sure, don't worry we have you covered. Below is a little information on the pelvic floor, what to look out for, and how to work within your limits.
The pelvic floor is a group of muscles that form the base of your core muscles; it's a bit like a sling that holds everything in place. The pelvic floor works along side your tummy muscles, back muscles, and diaphragm to help support your spine and your abdomen. As the name would suggest your pelvic floor also supports your pelvic organs, and plays a large part in bladder and bowel control.
Simply complete 10 starburst jumps in quick succession, one immediately following the other. If you manage to complete 10 in a row with no bladder weakness, pain or an urgent need to go to the toilet – you have got this! If you do experience any of these issues, you need to keep your exercise program / any exercise you partake in low impact and continue with kegal exercises. If you have no idea what I am talking about when I say kegal exercises, it is a good idea to consult a specialised physiotherapist who can help you with this.
For more information and a consultation to make sure you are keeping your pelvic floor safe, contact me.


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Zombie On Halloween, Without The Costume
I was having such a great night Monday, right up until I got in my car, turned it on and saw the time was 1 a.m., and I was in Cambridge, Mass.
And that's not even getting into having a two-hour drive in front of me with my friend, Jay, having more gas in him than my little Civic.
But let's get away from this too-much-fiber stuff and talk about the music. If I can wake up and type something ...
I am not sure if I have ever seen the first and last show of a tour before checking out The Hold Steady last night. The band capped off the first leg of its "Boys And Girls In America" trip at The Middle East, after opening it last month in Hamden. These were two far different shows, but both equally brilliant.
Here in the Nutmeg State, the guys performed at a venue where alcohol wasn't available, and it was still three days before their brilliant record would hit streets. The set was incredibly tight and chock-full of songs. Last night, I saw the sloppiest set I've seen from a professional band in my life.
Singer Craig Finn fell over at least once, and most of the remaining members were sloshed enough to continually miss parts, go off-key and stumble around the stage. But it all worked. The set lasted the same length as the Hamden show, but the band performed six less songs — there was a whole lot of drunken rambling in between tunes.
I have now seen the group begin two different tours, once in the aforementioned Hamden, and once in New York about two years ago. I saw the guys close a different tour at BAR in New Haven sometime last winter, and now I've seen them close this jaunt.
The Hold Steady is a totally different band at the beginning and end of tours. If you want a traditional, focused rock show, see them at the beginning of a tour, but if you want a decadent, classic Replacements-like set, get to the end.
In other news, I found out The Broken West was performing at The Middle East Upstairs last night, just a day after playing Cafe Nine. The guys were opening this gig, so we figured we could catch them play and still have time to get downstairs and see the very good Sean Na Na. It worked.
Mark my words: Come January when its record hits stores, you're going to be hearing a lot from The Broken West. A good amount more from me, too. This is a such a good band.
Posted by Pat Ferrucci at 12:19 PM No comments: Links to this post
I thought I would share a proud moment in my life.
This is me winning the rock critic of the year award last weekend. Thanks for all the support.
Disclaimer: This is actually me holding a trophy presented to the Jack's Bar and Grill softball team, which I am not a part of. My friends and I just took turns holding the trophy.
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Full moon inside Cafe Nine
I don't look up at the sky much, and sure don't remember a full moon last night. And according to my handy-dandy desk calendar, there wasn't one yesterday.
But, you wouldn't have known it if you were with me at Cafe Nine to see The Broken West and Dodo Bird.
I've been to the Nine well over 100 times, at least once a week for the last 2+ years. Never has anyone tried to dance with me. Last night, not one, but two times did someone grab my hand and forcibly try to engage me in something I don't do: dance.
First, some sloshed woman dressed up as a racquetball player attempted to pull me away from my beer — twice. Now, I play racquetball often (and I'm not sure if she could sense this), but I was at the venue with my friend Jay, who, unfortunately, has been beating me lately at the r-ball. Why not dance with him? Let me watch the band.
After avoiding her advances, some woman said she needed me for a second. I assumed she wanted to ask question. You know what happens when you assume? Well, she grabbed me and put me in the middle of dancing circle. It freaked me out. I thought I might have to go the bathroom. Once I escaped the circle, my heart rate went back to normal.
The point of this entry? You just never know when weird things will happen.
And that was my Sunday night. The Broken West sounded amazing. Definitely check the band out. On to tonight and The Hold Steady. See you in Boston ... if you're smart. And go Patriots.
Posted by Pat Ferrucci at 1:40 PM No comments: Links to this post
Week of concerts
Now that the World Series is over, we can get down to some real business. As the second-worst team in my lifetime to win the series celebrates (behind, of course, the 1987 Twins), I'm getting back to five or six shows a week.
So let's take a quick look at some of the great things happening this week, and, if you want to, what to do to have yourself a "Pat Week," meaning, basically, do everything that I'm going to do. If you want to stalk me, here's the way to go about it.
OK, so yesterday I went up to The Space and caught my friend Rory's new band, Cher Ami. Too bad the group went on earlier than expected and I only caught the end of the last song. Sounded good, though.
Tonight, head over to Cafe Nine; The Broken West plays. The band's debut record, which comes out in January, is so good it would have made my top-20 list of this year, if, of course, it actually came out this year. The tune "Down in the Valley" is a perfect power-pop song, simply a catchy, keyboard-infused sing-along.
Tickets are sold out, but if you're a bit resourceful, I'm sure heading up to Boston on Monday night and catching The Hold Steady at The Middle East is not out of the question. This is a two-for-one for me: Seeing my current favorite band play at my favorite venue (for sentimental reasons). I can't wait.
Come Halloween, you have two choices: Go to The Space and catch These Arms Are Snakes and then head over to Cafe Nine to see Decibully and Titles. Or, you can head up to Northampton and see The Decemberists at the Calvin Theatre, even if the band's new record is subpar. These are both good options. Right now, I'm leaning toward the Decemberists, just so I can get some of Northampton Brewery's fine beverages.
On Wednesday, we have another one of those multiple-venue nights. First, head over to Toad's and see one of my all-time favorite bands, Matt Pond PA. After that fivesome plays its blend of chamber pop and emo, head over to Cafe Nine and see Headlights, another great little chamber-pop band.
On Thursday, I'm going to take a break from the music and hit up Yale Rep for press night of "The Mistakes Madeline Made," which, I'm assured, is a wickedly funny dark comedy.
Then the weekend starts and Weekend hits stands and, if you buy the paper, you'll know what's going on next week. But, for these next few days, follow my lead and I promise you'll have a great time ... and you might get to meet me. Wouldn't that be a highlight, too?
Let's update
Well, I must apologize for being lax updating this here blog. You see, I took half of Tuesday off to play in a charity poker tournament and the loss of those four hours has made this a miserable week for me.
But enough of that fun, let's talk about what's gone down since last week. One thing that didn't happen? No good CDs came out Tuesday.
Well, let me amend that: You won't ever catch me listening to My Chemical Romance on my own time, but, of course, I had to for work, and the band's new record, "The Black Parade," is a three-and-a-half-star album. It really is good. Let's just say it's not my kind of record, though.
One depressing thing announced this week is the liquidation of Tower Records. Now, I know Tower sold a bunch of overpriced CDs, but there was nothing like going into its huge stores and browsing through rack after rack of CDs. The Boston store was one of my favorite places as a kid. I used to look forward to taking the T in and looking around.
So no more Tower Records stores, for the most part. What does that mean? Well, it means CDs may actually be on the way out and that scares me. Now, don't get me wrong. I'm not trying to be melodramatic. There will always be music and kids and adults will always buy it. But what about the album as a whole, as a cohesive artistic statement? And let's not even talk about indie labels, that generate 5-6% of their sales from Tower.
I love my iPod, but as time goes by, with more and more people legally and illegally downloading music, we start moving toward a song-oriented world, not an album-driven one. I used to love having the liner notes out while listening to a disc, going over the lyrics and reading the thank-you section. A lot of new records won't have that luxury.
Sure, labels will still make CDs, but they'll probably get more expensive and harder to get, very similar to vinyl now. It all makes me sad.
On a happier note, go check out The Mountain Movers at Cafe Nine tonight. The local band releases its new CD, and let's just say it's pretty damn amazing.
Weird career? I'd say so
You guys may have noticed that I didn't put up CD releases on Tuesday. Well, that's because nothing of any (and I mean ANY) interest came out. Unless, of course, you consider a new Aerosmith greatest-hits compilation a big deal. (Pick up Weekend tomorrow just to read me mock Aerosmith. Good times.)
But, I did receive Meatloaf's "Bat Out Of Hell III: The Monster is Loose" in the mail yesterday, and will be participating in a teleconference with The Loaf at 4 p.m. today (Sarcasm alert: Woo-hoo!).
The disc hits stores on Halloween, and I think this is a good time to think about the amazing career of the man really known as Michael/Marvin Lee Aday.
In 1971, Meatloaf makes a record that never sees the light of day, at least until after he got famous for "Bat Out Of Hell." So let's talk about "Bat Out Of Hell," which was written by Jim Steinman and came out in 1977.
Here's a record that sold 22 million copies just in this country, a ton more worldwide. You'd think the artist would be riding a wave of success and that his follow-up record would sell significant amounts. But "Dead Ringer" was a huge flop, even if it did have one real hit ("Dead Ringer For Love"). Most of the songs on the record were written by Steinman, but not all.
Through the '80s, Meat releases three more flops, most with a song or two written by Steinman. Then 1993 comes around, and "Bat Out Of Hell II: Back Into Hell" hits stores, with all songs written by Steinman. The disc sounds similar in bombast to the first "Bat," and, again, sells a gazillion copies.
How this happened, I will never understand.
So now comes the true test. Since the release of "Bat II," Meat's put out two more relative flops. If "Bat III" becomes a big hit, I will be totally flabbergasted. I've heard the follow-up discs to "Bat II" and I've heard "Bat III." There's not much of a difference. "Bat III" even has songwriters not named Steinman, and a god-awful nu-metal tune.
Can the name "Bat Out Of Hell" be a franchise like "Mission Impossible" or something? A name that Loaf can slap on one record every 12 or so years and reap the success? Or do people just like bombast sung by fat man, but only if Jim Steinman's writing said bombast? These are the questions we all need answered.
Do you guys think there's any chance in hell "Bat III" becomes a mega-hit record?
Trip down the Swan Lake
Every so often there are those CDs that you're just a little too excited about. For me, Swan Lake has been one of them.
A supergroup of sorts, Swan Lake is a trio made up of Dan Bejar (Destroyer, New Pornographers), Spencer Krug (Wolf Parade) and Carey Mercer (Frog Eyes). The disc (which comes out Nov. 21) appeared in my mailbin this morning, and after a quick listen, let's just say it's pretty close to awesome.
Not really sounding like any of the members' main bands, the record ("Beast Moans") is most similar to Destroyer, but with a lot of the artsy tendencies of Frog Eyes. What's most surprising is how confidently the trio presents its material, with all three contributing songs. And not once does "Beast Moans" come across as three songwriters writing tunes for the same record, but rather the disc is a cohesive album.
And that's a good thing. Look for somewhat-coherent raves about the disc as we approach the release date.
Sunday Morning Quarterback
Here we go. Every team is at least 25 percent through its schedule and we know a lot about each. I've been largely mediocre at picking the last two weeks, but this week will change that.
Why, you ask? Well, because we're going to rank the teams. And by doing this, we'll know which teams are better than others. So here we go.
Last week's picks: 8-6
Season total: 38-19
32. Raiders
Has anyone seen a worse team, ever? These guys could not win one game and nobody would be surprised. Art Shell and his merry band of former bed-and-breakfast owners can't coach, period. There's a reason he never got another head-coaching job after he got canned by the Raiders the first time. And there's a reason he won't get another one after he gets canned this time.
31. Titans
A couple different teams could go here, but we'll go with the Titans because they sure know how to stomp on their opponents, and the head coach rocks a stache and a mullet. That's hard to do. Vince Young will probably be a good QB some day, but he's not there yet and that's why I think this team deserves to be down here. That and they wear powder-blue uniforms.
30. Texans
David Carr is the greatest QB in NFL. Don't believe me? Check out the QB ratings. OK, OK, I know that if I went to a Texans game and sneezed violently that force alone would sack Davey, but, you know, that's OK. This team deserves to be down here. The NFL makes gazillions of dollars but this team refuses to pay Reggie Bush so it drafts Mario Williams? Yeah, that's what we call stupid.
29. Browns
Romeo, oh, Romeo, why does thou employ such an awful offensive coordinator? Romeo, oh Romeo, why does thou's defense stink even though you ran a great Pats defense? Romeo, oh Romeo, why doesn't thou just let Kellen dance?
28. Lions
This team lacks the discipline that its coach said he would bring. Let's remember Marinelli never was even a coordinator, so the whole thing on him was that he would bring discipline. Where's the whip? The offense looks OK even though Kitna is awful. And speaking of Kitna, he's someone who needs the eyeball test: His numbers don't look bad, but actually watch him play and you quickly realize he's best served as Carson Palmer's backup.
27. Cardinals
I ask you this: If you had to choose between two QBs, one who married a woman who looks like a guy and one who knocked up one hot woman and is also often linked to Paris Hilton, who do you choose? Kurt Warner, of course. He clearly cares about football, not the other stuff. Actually, Matty can hold on to the ball longer, so ...
26. Tampa Bay
Why does every QB that comes out of the MAC look thuggish? Actually, I shouldn't say every one. But Big Ben loves his weird facial hair and now we get Bruce Garbagarbagarbagoo who looks like he should be wrestling, not throwing around the ol' pigskin.
25. Packers
Brett Favre is a gunslinger. Too bad there's no gun powder left. Not only does Brett make awful decisions, but he's also going to kill his wide receivers. All his throws seem to lead the receivers right into defenders. But that's OK. Brett knows how to win. How come he doesn't win, though?
24. 49ers
Second-round talent Alex Smith looks like a decent quarterback and Frank Gore can run like the best of them, even though he occasionally likes to drop the ball. But that Antonio, he's one crazy cat. And you gotta love crazy.
How do you know you're bad? When you're benching your "star" QB for a guy the Detroit media dubbed Joey Blueskies. That's bad. Just playing a guy named Joey is bad. If Harrington wasn't an athlete, do you think he could get away with calling himself Joey, a 28-year-old man. If he wasn't a QB, we'd think he was a pedophile.
22. Steelers
I'm sick of people thinking these guys are just waiting to come on. Well, keep waiting. Big Ben has never been an above-average quarterback, just a mediocre player who could play from ahead. This is why folks are annoying: Peyton isn't a winner, but Big Ben can be absolute garbage in a Super Bowl and his team wins, so he's a winner?
21. Chiefs
A couple weeks ago, in one of his Monday Morning Quarterback columns, Peter King called Herm Edwards a good dresser, said he looked sharp. When Peter Blueskies looks for good things to say about you and settles on your style, and you're a football coach, you know there are some problems. Look up bad coach in the dictionary and, oh my, there's Herm.
20. Bills
Jim Kelly today is better than JP Losman, today.
19. Jets
I was tricked into thinking this team was average, until the Jags beat me over the head with this: Chad can't throw a ball more than five feet. Get the Jets down in a game and you can win easily. Talk about a soft team. You can only dink and dunk so much.
18. Ravens
Say it with me: Steve McNair stinks. He's garbage. Just because he led a game-winning drive against the BROWNS doesn't make him good. Say it again: He stinks. It doesn't matter how good the defense is; Kyle Boller is better than McNair.
17. Vikings
Does Brad Childress scare you? Wait, I know you're scared when you look at him. I mean, does he scare you as a coach? Didn't think so. And Brad Johnson doesn't scare anyone, either, except maybe his mailman.
16. Rams
They can change this ranking with a win today, but it says here that won't happen. There's really not much to say about this team. It's boring. Bring back Mad Mike.
15. Saints
Oh it's a good story and Drew Brees has a killer birthmark, but I just don't think this team should be mentioned as an elite team. Let's put it this way: They would be the worst team in the NFC East, by far.
14. Redskins
Joe Gibbs better start thinking about NASCAR again, because this team is going nowhere fast. All those Super Bowl aspirations. I can just see Skins' fans crying when they finally give up hope. When will that will happen? When someone catches Mark Brunell cashing his Social Security check ... next week.
13. Bengals
The media so wants this team to be good, but it's the epitome of a soft team. It can't stop the run. And, cover your ears if you don't want the truth: Carson looks very mediocre this year. This is the first team on this list that could surprise me and become really good, really quickly, though.
12. Giants
At first, this ranking seems a little low for the G-Men, but could they beat anybody above them on a neutral field? I say no. Unless they start pressuring the QB, this team will end up in third place in the NFC East, with a beautiful 8-8 record.
11. Falcons
This is the same story every year: Falcons look OK, but can't beat really good teams. Mike Vick couldn't hit a 10-yard pass to save his life. That's it.
10. Panthers
How Steve Smith isn't in the early MVP talk I have no idea. This is a totally different team with him. The kind of team that can mask Jake's mediocrity.
9. Seahawks
They might be better than this, but how can we know that when they refuse to play well? They killed the Giants, then got dismantled by the Bears. Check back in a couple weeks when we'll really know how good the Hawks are, when Alexander is back.
8. Cowboys
For all the hoopla around the Cowboys, if Drew Bledsoe doesn't have a couple awful moments, this team is 4-0. They were dominated by the Eagles, but only barely lost. They dominated the Jags, then barely lost. This is a good team that is just going to get better. And yes, I have a man-crush on Drew Bledsoe: He saved the Patriots, made them relevant ... and helped me sneak into an R-rated movie 13 years ago (true story).
7. Jaguars
This team isn't much different than it was last year. It has a great defense and it'll win 11 games. The media will talk about how good they are and then the playoffs will start and some team like the Patriots will absolutely kill them.
6. Eagles
You wonder how Donovan's team can be this low? Well, simple, they barely beat the Cowboys who played about as awful as a team can play, offensively. And, more importantly, they couldn't beat the teams ahead of them.
5. Colts
Until this team can stop the run, it'll be down here, even if it doesn't lose. They sorely miss Corey Simon's impressive girth. What they have proven is that they don't need Edge and his gold teeth.
4. Patriots
They've been this good and Tom Brady is throwing to receivers who might as well be me. Once they get into the groove a bit more, with Mauroney and Dillon, woo-weee, this team will be great again. Or they won't be.
3. Chargers
If Marty wasn't the coach, they would be number two. Nuff said.
2. Broncos
With a coach who looks so mean, how could they not be good? This defense looks good. If only Jake the Snake wasn't the QB.
1. Bears
Can't argue with this. And I can't wait for them to play the Pats. Can't wait.
Picks:
Falcons 31-21
Cowboys 34-10
Lions 17-7
Seahawks 27-13
Eagles 28-13
Bucs 24-20
Redskins 28-0
Panthers 17-13
Dolphins 13-10
Chiefs 21-10
Chargers 31-10
Broncos 27-3
Bears 35-3
Posted by Pat Ferrucci at 11:08 AM No comments: Links to this post
Give it a rest
Right around this time each week, I start to formulate a list of all the movies coming to theaters for the next Friday, just so I can begin making sure I have photos and reviews coming.
The biggest flick opening Oct. 20 is Clint Eastwood's Ocsar hopeful "Flags of Our Fathers," a World War II-based drama about the men who raised the flag at Iwo Jima, brilliantly depicted in Associated Press photographer Joe Rosenthal's picture. I went to check out a couple details on the film and came across bulletin boards filled with people going on and on about Eastwood's political leanings and how they will affect the movie. Geesh.
This is a World War II flick, man. People will go and enjoy it, or they'll go and find it way too long or heavy-handed. And it'll have nothing to do with whether you're a democrat or a republican, whether you think George Bush is a total moron, or whether you're deluded into thinking he's an OK president.
The movies are the movies. Can you get any more pathetic than trolling the Internet and rambling about the political themes of a movie you haven't seen? Nope. You can't. These people need to get lives.
If "Flags" arrives in theaters and all the actors wear Hillary Clinton buttons, then maybe you can take some time out your day and post some crap.
Otherwise, watch the movie or don't. Clint Eastwood doesn't care what you think. And neither do 99.9 percent of people on the Internet. OK?
KT Tunstall at Toad's
While hardly a big fan of KT Tunstall's hit debut "Eye of the Telescope," I find the record to be consistent and entertaining, a good, if trivial, listen from an artist who could become even better on subsequent discs.
But live at Toad's Place Tuesday night was a very different story. The show couldn't be called bad, just magnificently mediocre. The best part of the evening: A gaggle of late-twentysomethings who slow danced very sexually with each other throughout the whole show. It made me laugh hard. I'm still smiling thinking about it.
My review runs in tomorrow's paper, but here's the setlist:
"Another Place To Fall" / "Other Side Of The World" / "Miniature Disasters" / "Under The Weather" / "Universe & U" / "Black Horse and the Cherry Tree" / "Ashes" / "Silent Sea" / "One Day" / "False Alarm" / "Heal Over" / "Stoppin' The Love" / "Suddenly I See"
Encore: "Jelly" / "Through The Dark"
Mine are up, so like last round, I'm letting my little brother give you his opinion on these series. Little Nicholas did even worse than me last round, not predicting anything correctly. But we both start with a clean slate in round two, and, hey, it looks like he won't be angering Mets fans, at least.
Tigers vs. A's
This will definitely be a better series than the NLCS; both teams seem to be more evenly matched. But, I am just not sold on Detroit.
I do not think Bonderman and Verlander can repeat their performances from the ALDS. They were very tired coming down the stretch and might be spent from the ALDS. And I am almost POSITIVE that Kenny Rogers can and will not have a repeat performance. I am not sure if that was even him on the mound last Friday.
I like Zito as the best pitcher for either team in this series, and the A's rotation seems to be deeper especially with a healthy Harden. Both teams have great bullpens, but I give a big edge at closer to the A's. I have no faith or confidence in Todd Jones and if you're a Tigers fan, neither should you. Actually, Detroit as an organization is completely moronic for not having Zumaya or, at least, Rodney close.
As a Yankee fan, my only rooting interest is just to watch good baseball. But, I will say hopefully that if the A's win, we can stop hearing stories about how Jim Leyland is a great manager because he wears cleats. I am not to sure that his Mizuno cleats have much to do with Zumaya throwing 105 MPH or Verlander being ridiculously good for a rookie. I don't know, maybe it's just me, I mean he does look kind of sexy wearing the cleats and smoking those Marlboro Reds.
Oh yeah, does anyone else think Pudge needs to eat a Big Mac or something? I don't know, maybe just a chocolate shake?
Prediction: A's in 6
Cardinals vs. Mets
Am I the only one who finds it incredible that Jeff Weaver is pitching game one for a team in the NLCS? It just shows that besides Carpenter, who is great, the Cards really just don't have any pitching.
Now I know their mediocre rotation and bullpen looked good against the Padres, but I am not buying it. I don't see them performing as well against the Mets lineup, which was by far the best in the NL all year.
I mean the Padres actually had Josh Bard batting cleanup. JOSH BARD!! I give the Cards two games in this series because Carpenter is so much better than anything the Mets can throw out, the only pitcher on either team capable of shutting down a lineup.
Although if Willie continues to manage like the village idiot, well, then, all bets are off. He might want to let his starting pitcher actually throw more than four innings a game or his old, tired bullpen might fall apart.
You sure can tell he learned under Joe Torre. (Please see, Proctor, Farnsworth, Villone, or any Yankee reliever really.) But hey, they are awesome in those Subway commercials together, where Willie's Apollo Creed mustache really looks yummy. Low fat you say?
Prediction: Mets in 6
MLB: Sizing Up Round Two
OK, so I'm aiming to do a little better on my predictions for round two of the baseball playoffs than I did on round one. I mean, how many anonymous e-mails from pathetic Mets fans swearing at me can I take?
Yep, The Mets won and I thought they'd lose. That meant Mets fans waited until they won and sent me mean-spirited e-mails. Why not do it right when I put my predictions out there? I'll tell you why: Mets fans thought they were done, too. I know a bunch and none felt safe. That said, the League Championship Series presents some new wrinkles.
I totally overestimated the NL West, a division that just can't hit, even off a tee. I forgot and apologize. Who could have ever guessed the Yankees would crumble and embarrass themselves like that? I do want to take credit for being one of the few to call that A's series: That team is too deep in pitching to lose to a squad like the Twinkies.
Anyway, it all gets started tonight, here are the picks:
I'm not sure if it will really go only five games, but I like the A's to win the series relatively easily, even though these teams are pretty even. Oakland has a huge advantage tonight with Zito vs. Robertson and that matchup will get repeated in game five.
You have to like the A's staff better than the Tigers' starters, but Detroit has an edge in bullpen, though not by much because Todd Jones in no good, period. What sets Oakland apart is its lineup, which is better than Detroit's nine. If the Tigers really want to win, they may want to make someone put a ton of food in Big Frank's locker, hope he eats it all and gets sick.
This is the matchup that made Fox executives poop themselves, and I wouldn't be surprised if it is a very, very low-rated series, but it should be fun. Too bad ESPN isn't calling the series: We'd get to hear Joe Morgan talk about how Billy Beane shouldn't have written "Moneyball" and that A's teams aren't built for playoff success.
Hopefully Fox doesn't use that guy who called the Yankees series last week, Josh Lewin or something. He was absolutely atrocious, using "Dodgeball" analogies and letting phrases like "BMOC" roll off his tongue. He made no sense and I wonder how he got the job, seriously. He knew nothing about baseball. I wanted to take his little head and cover it with tape. Alas, I was in New Haven and he was in Detroit, so I couldn't quite reach him. I did pray for Steve Lyons to muzzle him, but it didn't happen.
Anyway, if you watch the series on mute, I still think the A's pull this one off. Who thinks the Gambler can repeat his performance? Not this blogger, that's for sure.
Series: A's in 5
Like the Tigers, the Cards backed their way into the playoffs, losing a whole bunch. But then the team ran into the Padres, a squad that can hit about as well as West Haven High's team. The Mets, regardless of the team's weaknesses, can hit the crap out of the ball.
Lucky for New York, the Cards won't be throwing any lefties, since, of course, the Mets can't hit lefties for some odd reason. The team was second to worst in the majors at it this year.
I'm torn on this series. In a seven-game contest, you'd think the Mets' lackluster pitching would be exposed for what it is: truly awful. But on the other hand, the Cards will throw Jeff Weaver in game one. Yes, I just wrote Jeff Weaver. Maybe he can make up losing the 2003 World Series to Yankee fans by beating the Mets. I doubt it.
Seriously though, how can one team in the NLCS be throwing Glavine/Maine/Traschel/Perez and the other Weaver/Suppan/Reyes/Carpenter? These are easily the worst pitching staffs in a series like this in decades. Only one pitcher from each would even make the playoff roster for the AL teams. Seriously, only Carpenter and Glavine.
At the risk of getting nasty e-mails from more starving Mets fans, I think I have to go with the Cards, as much as I hate Tony LaRussa's dumb over-managing. The reason? St. Louis has the best pitcher in the series by far (Carpenter) and the best hitter in the series by far (Pujols). Gotta go with that. Either team gets killed in the World Series, though.
Prediction: Cards in 6
Tuesday Releases
Still recovering from last week's too-good-to-be-true collection of new releases? Still listening to The Hold Steady, unable to muster the courage to take it out and pop in one of those other very good CDs? Well, you better get to it because a few more good ones hit stores today.
Here's a list of the five most significant releases of the week, again all rated on a one-to-four-star scale. Basically, I've listened to some of these so you don't have to; look for full reviews of all of these in Friday's Weekend.
Sting — "Songs from the Labyrinth"
one-and-a-half stars
Jimmy Buffett — "Take The Weather With You"
two-and-a-half stars
The Be Good Tanyas — "Hello Love"
Nettwerk
The Lovely Sparrows — "Pulling Up Floors, Pouring On (New) Paint" EP
Abandoned Love Records
Rod Stewart — "Still The Same: Great Rock Classics of Our Time"
half-star
I didn't perform too well with picks last week, but I'm ready for another go round.
After Monday, all teams will at least be 25 percent through their schedules, so we'll take an in-depth look at all teams next week, ranking them and seeing the good and the bad about each, so far. Anyway, here's this week's picks:
Last week: 7-7
Overall: 30-13
Buffalo at Bears: Bears 35-3
St. Louis at Green Bay: Rams 24-20
Titans at Colts: Colts 28-10
Lions at Vikings: Lions 24-17
Miami at Pats: Pats 23-16
Tampa at Saints: Saints 17-10
Redskins at Giants: Skins 17-16
Browns at Panthers: Carolina 24-10
Chiefs at Cardinals: Cards 20-17
Raiders at 49ers: Raiders 16-10
Jets at Jags: Jets 20-7
Cowboys at Eagles: Dallas 31-24
Steelers at Chargers: San Diego 20-14
Ravens at Denver: Broncos 21-7
Earlier this week, the new single from Rock Star Supernova appeared in my mailbox. Let me be honest for a second: I never watched the show. I didn't want to feel sad for Gilby, just couldn't do it.
So I popped in "It's All Love" and let me just say, frankly, it's far from love, my friends, far from love. You've got Tommy Lee, Gilby Clarke and Jason Newsted, so you would think they'd come up with something less girlie than this tune. And, yeah, I just used the word "girlie" to describe a song featuring members of Motley Crue, Guns 'N Roses and Metallica.
It's not like the song is bad, just incredibly mediocre. I expected more, but, then again, this did come from what I can only assume was a supremely bad reality TV show. How can these former metalheads debut with a power ballad?
I've heard this type of music before and it included Ted Nugent and Tommy Shaw. You get my drift?
Thoughts After Day 2
Well, day two of the MLB playoffs has passed and, I have to say, not too many interesting things have gone down. Let's take a quick look at each of the series.
A's vs. Twins
I don't want to say that the Twins are done because Oakland loves finding amazing ways to blow things, but, yeah, the Twinkies are toast. Minny will throw Brad "I can't throw 80 and my shoulder hurts, but I'm tough" Radke, Johan "I'm on three days rest, please don't ruin me" Santana and Boof "I legally changed my name to this why?" Bonser against Danny "I'm the best number 3 starter in the playoffs" Haren, Rich "I'm probably the third best pitcher in all the postseason if I'm healthy" Harden and Barry "I'm on regular rest and already beat you once" Zito. Sounds like the A's should get one of those to me.
Padres vs. Cardinals
The bastard stepchild of these playoffs, the series nobody cares about gets back going at 4 today. I picked the Pads in four, and I'm sticking with that. You had to figure Carpenter would win Tuesday, just because he's so good. But when you're throwing Jeff Weaver out there in Game 2, as the Cards are, you have big problems. And, memo to the Padres: Walk Albert Pujols!!! Bruce Bochy is an idiot, I repeat, idiot, if he lets a pitcher throw to him again unless the team is up a lot.
Yanks vs. Tigers
This should continue being a walk-over of a series for the Yanks. The team won Game 1, and that probably should have been the hardest. Now here's the one thing to worry about if you're a Yankee fan: today's game. If somehow the team comes out flat in a rescheduled day game and lets the Tigers tie the series, there could be big problems. Randy "I've sucked for two years" Johnson goes in Game 3 with his pained back and awful stache, and Jaret "Am I really getting a postseason start?" Wright goes in Game 4. Detroit counters with Kenny Rogers, who can never be trusted, and their ace, Jeremy Bonderman. Yanks need a win today; and I expect they'll get one.
Mets vs. Dodgers
Only one game done, and my prediction is sort of off, since I thought Lowe would win. I still think LA wins in 5, though. Randolph proved once again he can't manage yesterday, even though the Mets pulled it off. Maine has been the team's best starter in the second half, by far, and the manager pulls him after just about four innings, even thought he's only given up one run. This taxes the bullpen incredibly, and when you got three five-or-six-inning pitchers going the next few games, this could be a problem. And this doesn't even account for the fact that Randolph was playing for ONE RUN in the FIFTH INNING. He has the best lineup in the NL (or AAAA, which ever you'd like to call it); the only chance the Mets have to win is if they bash their way to the World Series, and then promptly get their butts kicked. His bullpen still gave up four more runs (and it could have been more); he just got lucky his offense, again, bailed him out. If they lose that game, we're all here wondering how you take Maine out after four, just to pitch Mota, who's been bounced around so much this year, for TWO full innings. And, of course, he gave up three runs. This will all catch up to the Mets.
Little Nicholas' Picks
OK, so I posted my thoughts on the divisional series. But, my boss, Rick Sandella, loves the sports predictions from my little brother, Nick.
Most of the time, Nick gets more right than me, which is impressive, don't you think? So I decided to give him a forum on these playoffs. Here it is:
Yanks vs. Tigers — Yankees in 3
The Tigers are a tailor-made matchup for the Yanks. They strikeout so much that it helps the Yankees in the two areas which they are most flawed: It allows the Yanks' old pitchers to go deeper into games and they don't have to worry as much about their awful defense. This doesn't even take into account the fact that the Tigers have been terrible the last 50 games of the season; all their young pitching is exhausted. Would you want to depend on Kenny Rogers in a big spot?
Padres vs. Cardinals — Padres in 4
I just don't like the Cards at all. If the season was a week longer, they wouldn't have even made the playoffs. They have no starting pitching besides Carpenter and no bullpen at all, with or without Izzy. Pujols should get walked every time he comes to the plate until someone else in that lineup proves they can hit. The Padres have enough solid pitching with Peavy, Young and Wells along with a solid pen to easily beat the Cards.
Twins vs. A's — Twins in 4
Santana can pitch twice, which is basically two guaranteed wins. I don't think Oakland's lineup is good enough to take advantage of the other starters the Twins will throw out there. Just pitch around Frank Thomas (terrible in previous playoffs) and who else scares you in that lineup? Minnesota has the best bullpen in the league, making it tough for the A's to score runs after the sixth inning. Oakland always plays terrible in the Metrodome.
Dodgers vs. Mets — Dodgers in 5
The Mets clearly have the best lineup in the NL, but their starting pitching is terrible. They don't have an ace-shutdown starter. El Duque is so overrated, and at 50-years-old, he will be lucky to pitch five innings. Glavine is decent, but not an ace; and who knows what you get with either Trachsel or Maine? L.A., I think, has enough starting pitching to shut down the Mets long enough for their lineup to put up a decent amount of runs.
MLB Divisional Series Predictions
So even though my beloved Red Sox are sitting at home right now, eating pizza and drinking beer, it's still an exciting day: The baseball playoffs are on.
OK, I admit it: Manny Ramirez is probably smiling and riding a carousel with Enrique Wilson, not at home eating pizza.
But, anyway, we do have three interesting series to watch, along with one that is a serious mismatch (Yanks/Tigers). Three of them begin today. Here are my predictions for the first round. Send me yours.
Yanks vs. Tigers — Yanks in 4
I have a lobster roll riding on tonight's game, so even though I think the Yanks sweep, I hope Detroit pulls out tonight. I think there's a chance Detroit wins, against all odds. Here's my rational: Wang couldn't strike me out, so the free-swinging ways of the Tigers won't hurt them as much. And Robertson's been pitching well lately. Other than tonight, the Tigers stand no chance.
Cardinals vs. Padres — Padres in 3
A rematch of last year which saw the Cards dominate the Padres. That won't happen again. St. Louis looks like crap right now and San Diego has Peavy, Young and Wells, three very good pitchers. Plus, the Pads have a very deep bullpen, thanks to the Red Sox. And they have my man-crush Josh Bard. How can the Cards win?
A's vs. Twins — A's in 5
I know the Twinkies are a fashionable pick, but Oakland can throw Zito today against Santana and then the A's have a huge advantage with the rest of its starters. Nobody has a deeper starting staff than the A's, which will certainly help them beat the Boofs of the world. Neither of these teams have great offenses, so even though the Twins might be a bit better with the bat, I don't think it will matter.
Mets vs. Dodgers — Dodgers in 5
Ah, the series that will depress so many people around here. Listening to the WFAN, you'd think the Mets were the best team that ever lived and that El Duque was still only 45. Unfortunately, the last time El Duque was any good was at the turn of the century, back before he was eligible to collect Social Security. The Mets lineup is still great, but the Dodgers are so much better on the mound. Derek Lowe will win two games in this series, and Mets fans will cry. As much I'll enjoy watching them lose, I have to admit I feel a connection to Mets fans. Why? Because I lived for many years with the same fear as Mets fans: As Pedro goes, so does the season. Without the greatest pitcher to ever pick up a glove, the team's got three 50-year-old starters and not much else.
Wow, it's finally here. Any music fan has been salivating over today.
It's on these weeks that it's just a bit depressing (I stress a bit) that I get these CDs weeks early. A decade ago, I would have gotten up incredibly early after not being able to sleep and zoomed over to the local Newbury Comics to pick up five or six new albums today.
So here's the top-seven releases of the week, with my star rating. If you pick up Weekend Friday, you can read full reviews of The Decemberists, The Hold Steady, The Killers, Beck and The Dears.
The Decemberists — "The Crane Wife"
The Hold Steady — "Boys And Girls In America"
The Killers — "Sam's Town"
The Dears — "Gang of Losers"
Beck — "The Information"
Lindsey Buckingham — "Under the Skin"
three-and-a-half stars
Evanescence — "The Open Door"
Wind-Up
Hold Steady in Hamden
Tonight, the iconic Irving Plaza in New York, but on Saturday evening, The Hold Steady performed in front of a BINGO board and a half-dozen American flags at the Hamden Masonic Lodge.
With a couple hundred or so exuberant, sweaty, all-age fans in attendance, the quintet tore through a 17-song set heavy on the killer tunes off "Boys And Girls In America," the band's third record that will be released Tuesday. But the album's lack of availability didn't mean the entire audience wasn't singing along to each and every song, jumping up and down and fist-pumping the air.
Without a stage, lighting or roadies, The Hold Steady seemed to have a blast kicking off its long North American tour in a venue unlike anything it will see at any subsequent stop. Singer/guitarist Craig Finn barely touched his guitar and flubbed a lyric or two, but nobody cared. And how could they when the frontman rambled like a mad man around the "stage" area, slapping hands with fans and screaming his lungs out on crowd favorites like "Stevie Nix" and opener "Stuck Between Stations"?
After closing the show with a raucous rendition of "Southtown Girls," the band returned for an encore of "First Night" and "Massive Nights," the first of those tunes being the only rough spot of the evening, with the acoustic guitar tones from Tad Kubler's electric guitar sounding like static.
But after the two new songs, the crowd refused to do its part and leave, coaxing the quintet out for another encore by chanting for "Killer Parties" over and over again for at least four or five minutes.
And the guys did more than just that crowd favorite, opening the unplanned second encore with "Positive Jam," a rocker that equally excited fans. It was the end of a night that all in attendance won't soon forget. With "Boys And Girls" hitting stores Tuesday and an amazing amount of press recently, The Hold Steady is about to arrive, and there just won't be any more opportunities to see the band in a tiny lodge.
Set list: "Stuck Between Stations" / "The Swish" / "Party Pit" / "You Can Make Him Like You" / "Your Little Hoodrat Friend" / "Hot Soft Light" / "Same Kooks" / "Don't Let Me Explode" / "Stevie Nix" / "Chips Ahoy!" / "Chicago Seemed Tired Last Night" / "Southtown Girls"
Encore 1: "First Night" / "Massive Nights" / "How a Resurrection Really Feels"
Encore 2: "Positive Jam" / "Killer Parties"
Well guys, not much time this week, so you're just getting my picks, not so much commentary. Next week, I'll rank the teams and throw out some picks. So here's this week's choices:
Last week: 10-4
For the season: 23-7
Arizona at Atlanta: Falcons 17-13
49ers at Chiefs: 49ers 13-7
Colts at Jets: Colts 28-20
Saints at Panthers: Panthers 24-10
Chargers at Ravens: Chargers 21-10
Vikings at Bills: Vikings 16-7
Cowboys at Titans: Cowboys 24-3
Dolphins at Texans: Texans 19-10
Lions at Rams: Lions 21-17
Patriots at Bengals: Bengals 35-24
Browns at Raiders: Browns 13-3
Jags at Redskins: Redskins 24-17
Seahawks at Bears: Hawks 28-13

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Civil Case 799 of 1975
Bhundia Properties Ltd v East African Airways Corporation [1976] eKLR
Bhundia Properties Ltd v East African Airways Corporation
Chunilal Bhagwandas Madan
A Tibamanya (instructed by Counsel to the East African Community) for the Defendant Corporation, A Diniz (instructed by PD Prinja) for the Third Party.
Parties Profile:
Individual/Private Body/Association v Individual/Private Body/Association
High Court, Nairobi 22nd March, 3rd May 1976
Madan J
Third-party proceedings – third-party notice – form of notice – form substituted in 1973 – use of prescribed form directory only – whether appropriate to use old form after 1973 – Civil Procedure Rules, appendix A, form 22.
Third-party proceedings – directions – time for directions – directions after entry of judgment in suit – third-party proceedings unlikely to resolve real dispute in action – Civil Procedure Rules, order I, rule 18.
Although the use of Form 22 (third-party notice) in appendix A to the
Civil Procedure Rules is directory rather than mandatory and the notice may be varied as circumstances require, it is doubtful whether it was proper to issue such a notice in 1975 in the form in which it appeared in the Civil Procedure Rules before its substitution by Legal Notice No 66 of 1973.
The defendant corporation paid rent to a third party as agent for the plaintiff company. The plaintiff company, however, denied that the third party was its agent and issued proceedings against the defendant corporation for the recovery of the rent. The defendant corporation, with leave of the court, issued a third-party notice, to which the third party entered an appearance. The plaintiff company applied to the Court for summary judgment on its claim against the defendant corporation, but the latter did not give the third party notice of this application; nor did it serve a copy of the defence or reply on the third party. The judge awarded the plaintiff company summary judgment against the defendant corporation. He held that the defendant corporation had paid the rent to the third party without authority and contrary to the instructions of the plaintiff company. On an application by the defendant corporation for third-party directions, including a prayer for judgment against the third party,
(1) That although third-party directions might be given under the Civil Procedure Rules, order I, rule 18, even after judgment had been entered against the defendant in the suit, on the present application, judgment should not be entered against the third party on the summons as there was a proper question to be tried as to the third party's liability to make a contribution or indemnity.
(2) that the judgment against the defendant corporation did not bind the third party and the third party was entitled to have an opportunity to refute the allegation that it had no authority to receive payment of rent from the defendant corporation on behalf of the plaintiff company; further, it was not yet possible to state on what premise the defendant corporation based its claim against the third party; accordingly, the most satisfactory course would be for the Court to dismiss the third party proceedings and to leave the parties to apply to the Court in fresh proceedings for the determination of the issues in question.
No cases were referred to in the judgment.
Judgment having been entered in Civil Case No 799 of 1975 in favour of Bhundia Properties Ltd, the plaintiff company, against East African Airways Corporation by Chesoni J on 24th September 1975, the defendant corporation filed an application for third party directions including a prayer for judgment against the third-party, Equity Estates Ltd, on 19th February 1976. The facts are set out in the judgment.
The plaintiff company was not represented.
A Tibamanya (instructed by Counsel to the East African Community) for the Defendant Corporation.
A Diniz (instructed by PD Prinja) for the Third Party.
Cur adv vult.
One party or some parties represented
Application dismissed
CIVIL CASE NO 799 OF 1975
BHUNDIA PROPERTIES LTD …………………….……. PLAINTIFF
EAST AFRICAN AIRWAYS CORPORATION ….....…RESPONDENT
The plaintiff company instituted this suit for recovery of Shs 81,600 being three months' agreed rent admittedly payable by the defendant corporation to the plaintiff company in respect of sixteen maisonettes leased by it from the plaintiff company.
The defendant corporation entered an appearance in the suit on 14th may 1975, and filed its defence on 27th May 1975. The plaintiff company's reply to the defence was filed on 4th June 1975. In the meantime, the plaintiff company on 16th May 1975 applied under order XXXV, rule 1, of the Civil Procedure (Revised) Rules 1948 for summary judgment to be entered against the defendant corporation as prayed in the plaint.
Both in its written statement of defence and in an affidavit in reply filed in answer to the plaintiff company application for summary judgment sworn on 28th May 1975 by Mr John Muhanuka, claiming to be the chief administrative officer of the defendant corporation, the defendant corporation pleaded that it paid Shs 81,600 to the plaintiff company through the plaintiff company agents, Equity Estates Ltd, the third party. Chesoni J, who heard the application for summary judgment, in his ruling delivered on 24th September 1975, rejected this plea and entered judgment for the plaintiff company as prayed in the plaint. The judge in his ruling said: In his affidavit John Muhanuka admits that the defendant corporation paid Shs 81,600 to [the thirdparty] and that the payment was made on behalf of the plaintiff company-that is, it was intended to go to the plaintiff company. There is no disputed that the rent was due to the plaintiff company. It is also admitted by the defendant corporation that [the third-party] has refused to pay the money over to the plaintiff company.
The defendant corporation had no instructions to pay to [the third-party], and, in fact, the payment was made in the face of standing instructions that the rent be paid into the plaintiff company's bank account.
The defendant corporation paid the rent to [the thirdparty] at its own risk. The defendant corporation may have a good case against the [third party] for money had and received, but that is besides the point. The defendant corporation cannot, for the reasons I have given, especially in the absence of special and express authority to receive payment, claim to have paid the plaintiff company through the plaintiff company's agents as stated in paragraph 10 of the defendant corporation's affidavit.
Some of the circumstances and facts giving rise to this litigation between the parties emerge from the pleadings, copies of the correspondence attached to the written statement of the defendant corporation and the affidavits which have been filed in Court. It would appear from their letterhead dated 8th April 1974 that third party is a firm of land and estate agents and development consultants. This was a letter which the third party wrote to the defendant corporation on behalf of the plaintiff company (in the letter referred to as "Bhundia Investment Ltd"), saying that the third party had been instructed by the plaintiff company to renegotiate the lease with the defendant corporation for the sixteen maisonettes. The plaintiff company on 10th July 1974 wrote to Mr Muhanuka that they had withdrawn the option given to Mr Ravi D Prinja of the third party and Mohindra & Associates for negotiation of new terms and rents of the maisonettes on lease to the defendant corporation. The plaintiff company also asked for a meeting with Mr Muhanuka to discuss fresh terms and rent for the maisonettes. It is not clear who Mohindra and Associates are, or how they figure in this matter. There is no further mention of them.
Mr Muhanuka wrote back to the plaintiff company fixing a meeting for 10.00 a.m. on 24th July 1974. According to paragraph 4(d) of the written statement of defence, the plaintiff company failed to turn up for the meeting on that date; Mr Ravi D Prinja came instead. On being shown the plaintiff company's letter of 10th July 1974, he assured the defendant corporation that he had authority to negotiate on behalf of the plaintiff company. It is also said in the defence that the defendant corporation then asked the plaintiff company over the telephone whether this was true and the plaintiff company confirmed that it was so. This is challenged in the affidavit of Mr Dahyalal Bhimji Bhundia a director of the plaintiff company sworn on 10th June 1975, who claims to have attended at the appointed place for the meeting at 10.00 am on 24th July, 1975; that his name was duly entered in a register of callers, but he came away as he did not find Mr Muhanuka there. This deponent has sworn that neither he nor anyone else deputed Mr Ravi D Prinja or anyone else to attend or hold discussion on that day, or at all, on behalf of the plaintiff company with the defendant corporation. This deponent has also sworn that neither he nor anyone else of the plaintiff company spoke over the telephone to anyone representing the defendant corporation on that day, nor did he or anyone else from the plaintiff company confirm to the defendant corporation over the telephone (as claimed in the defence) that Ravi D Prinja had authority to represent the plaintiff company to renegotiate the terms of a new lease.
Mr Bhundia has further deponed (paragraph 8) that instructions were given to the defendant corporation as regards the payment of rent into the plaintiff company's bank account and not otherwise by a letter from the plaintiff company's advocates to the defendant corporation dated 5th November 1974; that these instructions were never revoked or varied. Still according to paragraph 4(d) of the defence, negotiations proceeded between the defendant corporation and the third party who wrote to the defendant corporation on 3rd August 1974 proposing a monthly rent of Shs 1,700 per maisonette which the defendant corporation accepted by its letter of 3rd August 1974 addressed to the third party. The third party's letter of 3rd August 1974 shows that it was copied to the plaintiff company. The third party by its letter of 1st October 1974 acknowledged receipt of the defendant corporation's letter of 23rd September, and asked that the first quarterly rent of £85 per month per maisonette be paid to the third party; this letter is not sworn to have been copied to the plaintiff company. The written statement paragraph 4(f) also claims that the defendant corporation subsequently paid on behalf of the plaintiff company a sum of Shs 81,600 being the rent for the first quarter to the third party who refused, failed or otherwise neglected to pass on the money to the plaintiff company. There would seem to be no doubt that the defendant corporation paid the sum of Shs 81,600 being the rent for the first quarter to the third party who refused, failed or otherwise neglected to pass on the money to the plaintiff company. There would seem to be no doubt that the defendant corporation paid the sum of Shs 81,600 to the third party as stated.
These averments were made in the written statement of the defendant corporation and these details of what transpired between the parties are sanctified by Mr Muhanuka's two affidavits sworn on 21st and 28th May 1975.
The defendant corporation on 23rd May 1975, applied under order I, rule 14, for a notice to issue against the third party in which it claimed to be indemnified by the third party to the extent of Shs 81,600, the costs of the suit and costs of third party proceedings. This application was granted by the Court on 4th June 1975. The third party entered an appearance to the notice served upon it on 19th June. The defendant corporation did not give the third party any notice of the application for summary judgment made against it by the plaintiff company or serve the third party with a copy of its own defence or of the plaintiff company's reply to defence. Order I, rule 18, provides:
If a third-party enters an appearance pursuant to the third-party notice, the defendant giving the notice may apply to the Court by summons in chambers for directions, and the Court upon the hearing of such application may, if satisfied that there is a proper question to be tried as to the liability of the third-party to make the contribution or indemnity claimed, in whole or in part, order the question of such liability, as between the third-party and the defendant giving the notice, to be tried in such manner, at or after the trial of the suit, as the Court may direct; and, if not so satisfied, may order such judgment as the nature of the case may require to be entered in favour of the defendant giving the notice against the third party.
The defendant corporation took no further step against the third party after the latter entered an appearance pursuant to the third-party notice until by summons filed on 11th October 1975 it applied under order I, rule 18, for third-party directions. This application which for some unexplained reason was not served upon the third-party was supported by an affidavit sworn on 10th October 1975 by Mr Aloysius Tibamanya who claimed (no doubt accurately) to be the principal assistant counsel in the chambers of the counsel to the Community and who is the counsel appearing for the defendant corporation in this case. In this affidavit Mr Tibamanya deponed that the sum of Shs 81,600 was paid by the defendant corporation to the third party in circumstances outlined in the affidavit of the chief administrative officer of the defendant corporation, Mr Muhanuka; presumably the affidavit sworn on 28th May 1975 in reply to the plaintiff company's application for summary judgment, which he (ie Mr Tibamanya) verily believed to be correct and which he adopted together with its annexures. Mr Tibamanya further deponed that he verily believed that the third party has no defence to the defendant corporation's claim against it and judgment should be entered against the third party.
It is open to question whether Mr Tibamanya as counsel appearing in the case, or any counsel appearing for a defendant in a case who has issued a notice against a third party, could properly swear an affidavit in support of an application for third-party directions especially when such application includes a prayer for judgment to be entered against the third-party, or whether the supporting affidavit should come from the defendant himself or someone authorised on his behalf.
Be that as it may, the third party has raised no objection, the defendant corporation's application for third party directions came up for hearing on 10th November 1975, when it was adjourned generally at the defendant corporation's request; thereafter it lay dormant until Mr Tibamanya came merrily along and filed another application of similar effect on 19th February 1976, which is now before the Court and which asks for directions as follows: (1) A declaration that the defendant corporation is entitled to be indemnified by the third-party against all sums payable by it under the judgment dated 24th September 1975 in this action. (2) An order that the defendant corporation do recover against the third party all amounts so payable by it as aforesaid and paid by it under the said judgment. (3) Payment by the third party to the defendant corporation of the costs of the defendant corporation in defending this action and the costs as between party and party of the third party proceedings in this action, including the costs of this application. Alternatively, but without prejudice to the foregoing, for an order for third-party directions as follows: (1) That the defendant corporation do deliver a statement of his claim within twentyone days from this date to the third-party, who shall plead thereto within seven days. (2) That the question of liability of the third-party to indemnify the defendant corporation be tried as soon as possible.
This summons is said to be supported by an affidavit and annexures which I have not been able to find on the court file. I think that the intention is to refer to Mr Tibamanya's affidavit of 10th October 1975, parts of which I have already quoted; in particular Mr Tibamanya has deponed that he verily believes that the third-party has no defence to the defendant corporation's claim against it and that judgment should be entered against the third party. It is this affidavit that I will bear in mind for the purposes of the present summons.
Mr Tibamanya has submitted that it is now incumbent upon the third party to show why it should hold on to the defendant corporation's money; unless the third-party can so satisfy the Court, judgment should now be entered against the third-party under the provisions of order I, rule 18. On the other hand, Mr Tibamanya said that if the third-party can satisfy the Court that it has reason to withhold payment, let the defendant corporation file a statement of claim against the third party who should plead thereto; then the question of liability of the third-party to indemnify the defendant corporation could be determined between the defendant corporation and the third-party. Mr Tibamanya overlooked that the defendant corporation had already filed a sort of statement of claim with its application for the issue of a third-party notice on 23rd May 1975.
Mr Diniz, counsel for the third-party, has argued that the only onus upon the third-party was to enter an appearance to the third-party notice which it did, and which constitutes a denial of the plaintiff company's claim and also a denial of liability to indemnify the defendant corporation. He even said that the third-party does not agree it received the money or has refused to pay it; the third-party not having pleaded yet. Further, that the thirdparty must be given an opportunity to defend. Mr Diniz pointed out that order I, rule 18, lays down that the Court may order the question of the third-party's liability to be tried at or after the trial of the suit as the Court may direct; and, if not so satisfied, may order such judgment as the nature of the case may require to be entered in favour of the defendant giving the notice against the third-party.
Mr Diniz has argued that an application for summary judgment is like a trial; that it is a trial, and judgment having been entered the third-party cannot appear at the trial anymore. Therefore the third-party has been completely deprived of an opportunity to take part in the trial. This has made, Mr Diniz continued, the situation highly prejudicial to the thirdparty; more so, because the contest is not between the plaintiff company and defendant corporation; in reality it is between the plaintiff company and the third-party. He said that the third-party was not given an opportunity to appear before Chesoni J to show that it was acting as the plaintiff company's agent. On such showing, the judge might have found otherwise than he did. If the third-party is ordered to plead it would of necessity include the plaintiff company because the agency is alleged to have existed between the plaintiff company and the third-party. Mr Diniz submitted further that this application for judgment to be entered against the third-party cannot stand because the court's directions must come first, and a lot of prejudice will be caused to the third-party if direction are given at a stage after judgment has been given against the defendant corporation, and it might even cause an injustice. I presume Mr Diniz meant that the defendant corporation could file a fresh suit against the third-party if it so wishes.
I think that rule 18 (like order 16, rule 4(4), of the English Rules of the Supreme Court) confers on the Court very wide and flexible powers to give all such directions as may appear proper for having the rights and liabilities of the parties most conveniently determined and enforced (see Supreme Court Practice 1967, page 205). The Court may even rescind or vary the third-party directions given.
I am clear that an application for third-party directions may be made and the court may give third-party directions even after judgment has been entered against the defendant in the suit. If the Court is satisfied that there is a proper question to be tried as to the liability of the third party to make the contribution or indemnity claimed, it cannot refuse the defendant an order for third-party directions on the ground that judgment has already been entered against the defendant, as counsel for the third-party seemed to suggest should be done in this case; that would be manifestly unjust. However, in deciding what form the directions should take the Court must carefully take into account the interests of both the defendant and the third-party and any other party and avoid injustice or prejudice being suffered by any of them. In giving or refusing directions, care should be taken that the plaintiff is not unduly embarrassed or put to additional expense or difficulty, for he has nothing to do with the questions which have arisen between the defendant and the third-party (see 1 Supreme Court Practice 1967, page 206). The powers of the court are admirably stated in 30 Halsbury's Laws of England (3rd Edn) page 447, paragraph 847, as follows:
If there is a question or issue proper to be tried as between the plaintiff and the defendant and the thirdparty, or between any or either of them, as to the liability of the defendant to the plaintiff, or as to the liability of the third party to make any contribution or indemnity claimed, in whole or in part, or as to any other relief or remedy claimed in the notice by the defendant, or that a question or issue stated in the notice should be determined not only as between the plaintiff and the defendant but as between the plaintiff, the defendant and the third-party or any or either of them order such question or issue to be tried in such manner as the Court or judge may direct.
On the other hand, if the Court is satisfied that there is no proper question to be tried as to the liability of the third-party to make the contribution or indemnity claimed, in my opinion the Court instead of giving any other directions may order such judgment as the nature of the case requires to be entered in favour of the defendant giving the notice against the thirdparty. It is not requisite that the third-party directions must come before the Court can enter judgment; the Court may deal with the situation in either of the two ways visualised in order 1, rule 18, without such directions having been given. In this sense, the provisions of order 1, rule 18, are akin in effect to the provisions of order XXXV, rule I, which empowers the Court to enter summary judgment against a defendant on being satisfied that there are no triable issues between the plaintiff and defendant. Order I, rule 18, is the counterpart of the provisions contained in order XXXV, rule I; in both cases the Court is empowered to decide whether there are any triable issues between the parties; if not, to enter judgment as the nature of the case may require. Once a third-party notice is issued the defendant assumes the role of a plaintiff against the third-party who is turned into a defendant, and all normal consequences follow.
If a third-party is unable to satisfy the Court that there is a proper question to be tried as to the liability of the third-party to make the contribution or the indemnity claimed, in whole or in part, I think that the Court must order such judgment as the nature of the case may require to be entered in favour of the defendant giving the notice against the third-party. This procedure is not to be taken lightly because it is intended to bring about a quick finish to litigation which is in the interest of the society generally.
Some litigants and their counsels do not seem to realise that it is the inescapable duty of the court to enter judgment for the plaintiff if a triable issue is not produced when contesting an application for summary judgment under order XXXV, rule I, or if no proper question is shown to exist, at least prima facie, to be tried as to the liability of the third-party to make the contribution or indemnity claimed, when contesting an application for directions under order I, rule 18.
In this case judgment as prayed in the summons ought not to be entered against the third party for, in my opinion, there is a proper question to be tried as to the liability of the third party to make the contribution or indemnity claimed. It will be recalled that in its written statement paragraph 4(f) the defendant corporation claims to have paid the sum of Shs 81,600 being the rent for the first quarter to the third-party on behalf of the plaintiff company. In paragraph 5 of the same document, this payment is expressly stated to have been made to the plaintiff company's agents, the third party.
Mr Muhanuka also deponed to this effect in his affidavits sworn on 21st and 28th May 1975 (paragraph 7 in both affidavits). In paragraph 10 of his second affidavit, Mr Muhanuka has deponed that the defendant corporation paid the plaintiff company a sum of Shs 81,600 through its agents, the third-party, in respect of the first quarter, and the defendant corporation verily believes that it has a defence to the suit and should be granted leave to defend the suit.
Paragraph 2 of the third-party notice dated 23rd May 1975 filed under order I, rule 14, reads:
The defendant corporation claims to be indemnified by you against liability in respect of the aforementioned lease or any breach of the terms thereof on the ground that the renewal of the said lease was negotiated by you on behalf of the plaintiff company as its agent and a sum of Shs 81,600 was similarly paid to you in the same capacity on your request, for you to pass on to the landlord, the plaintiff herein.
If I may digress for a moment, in this third-party notice the defendant corporation has followed the old form for a third-party notice which was in existence before it was deleted and replaced by Legal Notice No 66 of 1973. Although order I, rule 14(3), states that the notice shall be in, or to, the effect of form 22 in appendix A, with such variations as circumstances may require, I would hold that this provision is directory and not mandatory. Nevertheless, with respect to the judge concerned I doubt whether an order should have been made on 4th June 1975 for the issue of third-party notice on the basis it was presented to the Court.
In my opinion this notice is defective in two important respects. First, the second paragraph in the new form 22 requires the defendant corporation, as did the old form now repealed, to state the ground of the claim against the third-party does not in my opinion state the grounds of the defendant corporation's claim against the third-party. It merely says that the sum of Shs 81,600 was paid to the third party as agent for the plaintiff company.
Bearing in mind my already expressed opinion that once a notice is issued the third-party is turned into a defendant and all normal consequences follow, can it be said that paragraph 2 of the defendant corporation's thirdparty notice discloses a cause of action against the third party? I think not. Is the defendant claiming indemnity from the third-party on the ground of money had and received, misrepresentation, fraud, mistake of fact, breach of warranty, or what else on the part of the third-party? An averment which merely states that a certain payment was made to a person who negotiated renewal of a lease as agent for a second person does not single out any cause of action against the first person. The cause of action has specifically to be stated.
The second serious defect, which I see, appears in paragraph 4 of thirdparty notice served by the defendant corporation, which states:
And take notice further that if you wish to dispute the plaintiff company's claim in this suit as against the defendant corporation, or your own liability to the defendant corporation, you must cause an appearance to be entered for you within … days after the service of this notice.
In default of your so appearing, you will be deemed to admit the validity of any decree against the defendant corporation, and your own liability to contribute or indemnify to the extent herein claimed.
In the new form 22 this paragraph is substituted by the following:
And take notice that if you wish to dispute the plaintiff's claim against the defendant, or the defendant's claim against you, you must appear within … days after the service of this notice on you, inclusive of the day of service, otherwise you will be taken to admit the plaintiff 's claim against the defendant and the defendant's claim against you and will be bound by any judgment given in the suit.
The important difference here which I see between the old and the new third-party is that, under the former, a third party making default in appearing would be deemed to admit the validity of any decree passed against the defendant and his own liability to contribute or indemnify to the extent claimed in the third-party notice.
If a third-party fails to appear under the new third-party notice he will be taken to admit the plaintiff's claim against the defendant and the defendant's claim against him without there being a decree of the court against the defendant, and also be bound by any judgment given in the suit which may, for example, be declaratory in part.
To revert to the theme I broke off from, I think that the proper question to be tried here is: did the third party receive the money as agent of the plaintiff company? This is the basis upon which the money is said to have been paid to the third-party by the defendant corporation. At first sight, it might seem that the answer to this question is "no" and this issue has already been decided by the Court. As I read it, the ratio decidendi of Chesoni J's ruling is that the third party had no special and express authority to receive payment of the money. This finding was not made in proceedings between the plaintiff company and third-party. It is not res judicata between these two parties. Further, the judge did not hold that the third-party was an agent of the plaintiff company. If the third-party was acting as agent of the plaintiff company, this question has not so far been decided between them; the extent of the third party's authority has also not been settled. I venture to think the judge had no material before him to make such a decision. The third party has had no opportunity to ventilate its case against the allegation that it had no special or express authority to receive payment of the money. Our sense of justice demands that it be provided with an opportunity to do so.
What is the best order to make in these circumstances to ensure that none of the three parties will suffer any prejudice? It would have been easy and plain sailing if Chesoni J had not delivered his final judgment against the defendant corporation which can only be reversed or altered, if at all, by the Court of Appeal. I understand no appeal has been preferred against it. An order cannot now be made for the question of liability of the third party to be tried at or after the trial in this suit. The trial has already taken place between the plaintiff company and the defendant corporation. There is nothing left to try between them. The plaintiff company has become a decree-holder against the defendant corporation. Therefore the two courses envisaged in rule 18 have both become blocked.
The third party might have applied, as it may do, before the conclusion of proceedings between the plaintiff company and defendant corporation, to take over the defence of the suit against the plaintiff company instead of the defendant corporation. As a result of the judgment entered against the defendant corporation, the third party has been deprived of an opportunity to do so, it has suffered definite prejudice on this score, whatever the value of the right to take over the defence may be. It may partly be due to the defendant corporation not having served the third party with a copy of the defence, reply to defence and the plaintiff company's application for summary judgment. Even if there was no obligation on the part of the defendant corporation to serve these papers on the third party, it would have been prudent to have done so.
Although there is a proper question to be tried, as the proceedings stand it is not possible (as already expressed) to state what the defendant corporation's cause of action is against the third party. It might be cured by an amendment or by delivery of the defendant corporation's statement of claim to the third party who shall plead thereto as prayed in the summons. If the course suggested in the summons is followed, the plaintiff company would be left out; that would not do. The real issue to be decided is between the plaintiff company and third party whether the third party is entitled to retain the money as against the plaintiff company. The trial of this issue between these two parties has nothing to do with the defendant corporation who is only a middleman in this battle, interested only in not having to pay the claim twice. The third-party could apply in these proceedings to join the plaintiff company as fourth party. If an application succeeds to make the plaintiff company a fourth party in the same suit in which he is already a decree-holder, I have my doubts about it; the procedure will be cumbersome, full of difficulties and increase the number of knots to be untied between these parties. And just suppose that the Court came to the conclusion that the third-party is properly entitled to keep the money as against the plaintiff company, the fourth party, the judgment passed against the defendant corporation would still have to be reckoned with, with no means to set it aside. The defendant corporation's gain out of such proceedings would be nil. No, this procedure is too cumbersome to be entertained. It would be monstrous if the plaintiff company or the third party, as the case may be, should escape its obligations because of technical procedural difficulties.
It is better to make a clean cut with these proceedings which, in so far as third party procedure is concerned, have become tangled as a result of judgment being entered in the suit against the defendant corporation. The defendant corporation may decide to file a fresh suit against the third party setting out the cause of action clearly and specifically. The third party may decide to join the plaintiff company as a third party in this fresh suit, it may even ask for a declaration by the Court (in addition to any other relief or reliefs) that in the event of the Court deciding that the present third party properly received the money on behalf of and as agent for the plaintiff company and that it was legally entitled to keep the money as against the plaintiff company, the same be construed as discharging the decree passed in this suit against the defendant corporation. For these reasons these third-party proceedings are dismissed with costs.
Application dismissed with costs.
Dated at Nairobi this 3rd day of May 1976
C.B. MADAN


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The market landscape is continuously morphing. The notion that a business strategy will suitably serve the firm for a period of time is fast giving way to continuous evolution to enable firms to adapt and course-correct to meet the needs of the market at any point in time. Correspondingly, a firm's approach to business development must adjust too. So you must incessantly review your strategies for relationship management, client engagement and business development.
On a tactical level, this means that you must regularly re-position the firm's approach to CRM in the organisation to ensure that the business development and commercial strategies are tightly aligned to the over-arching goals of the organisation. Contrary to common belief, re-positioning of CRM is not simply for when the project is lagging.
The flag bearers – Like for most initiatives, leadership and dedicated team plays a major role in communicating the business rationale of InterAction top-down in the firm, helping create excitement for CRM and driving a new way of doing things. Secure a project sponsor – ideally 'C' level executive/partner; and a project team comprising of senior managers right down to IT executives, junior members of the firm and personal assistants. They will serve as the vanguards on all aspects of the project.
The good, the bad, the ugly – Take your time to assess what the previous objectives were, how InterAction is set up, how it is being used, where it's working, areas it falls short on, what the level of usage is of individuals across roles – i.e. partners, fee earners, personal assistants, etc. This re-evaluation is essential to determine what changes should be made for the future.
Keep it simple and make it relevant – Make it easy for users to use the system, especially when you make changes in InterAction that perhaps require a slightly different way of doing things in the organisation. For instance, you might add key performance indicators for fee earners within the system because you have assigned new business and client engagement related goals to them. Because this requires them to input into InterAction every time they meet with a client, configure the system so that it allows them to easily record their activity.
Spring clean – Poor data quality completely negates the benefit of the discipline. A single, up-to-date repository of data is essential to ensuring accuracy and integrity as well as user adoption. They must have confidence in the information that resides in InterAction. Close down additional data sources and entry points, and put in place processes for continual data management. For instance, InterAction offers an in-built data management tools such as a 'data change management inbox' where staff can protect and centrally maintain data.
Stay current – With so many vendors adopting agile and continuous development processes, the software lifecycle is ever-shortening. This makes systems upgrades essential. The underlying technology is constantly changing and every new version of InterAction accommodates those upgrades so that the system works efficiently – in addition to the availability of new functionality, which again is advantageous to users and often encourages adoption. Perhaps agree with your IT department that at no point in time, will the firm be more than two versions behind on an upgrade.
A single view – Configure the system so that delivers it value to users on a day to day basis. There is tremendous benefit in putting the CRM discipline at the heart of your firm. For example, think about integrating InterAction with your billing system. Information on relationship strength with clients combined with the billing status and pointers to where potential organic growth could come from will boost fee earner and partner adoption. Similarly, integrating InterAction with your document management and human resource systems will streamline operation, delivering productivity benefits to users and the firm overall.
Training isn't a one size fits all – Not only make training mandatory and frequent, but also customise it for different roles and individuals. A fee earner's requirement is different to that of support staff to that of a data steward. Prior to determining the training programme, run an audit to determine who the key users of the system are, what their CRM requirements are and what kind of training they would like to help them truly leverage the discipline for their personal goals. Some prefer one-on-one training over group sessions and some might want hands-on training to fully grasp the system. Also, offer training on an ongoing basis – overtime, users become more advanced in their use of the system, and new features and functionalities become available. Regular training will ensure that the system is leveraged to its full capacity.
Dazzle with tips and tricks – Think about instituting a monthly newsletter that tells users of a new tip or trick that might help them with reporting or managing the new business pipeline or any such thing. Highlight anecdotes where a user may have had success due to his or her use of InterAction – perhaps a lead for a new piece of work, benefit of using the solution when at an event on the hoof, and the like. Knowing that colleagues are benefiting from the system provides confidence in the system and encourages adoption – which in turn helps with executing the articulated business strategies.
In doing the above, you will not only make CRM and InterAction simple to use and relevant, but crucially you will ignite a new way of working and make the tool strategic and integral to your firm's operation.


text:
Q: How to store and retrieve doctor surgery hours in database? How to store doctor working hours in database in order to retrieve free time slots efficiently?
Approaches
A. Store rules and exceptions

*

*doctor defines working hours, e.g. from 9 AM to 3 PM every 30 minutes with 11-12 break

*doctor defines exceptions, e.g. vacation from 1/1/22 to 1/14/22

*doctor defines other exceptions, e.g. tomorrow from 8:30 AM to 12:30 PM

*every time patient wants to make an appointment, server retrieves all rules for doctor from database, analyses them and returns free time slots (e.g. 9 AM, 9:30 AM, 11:30 AM)

*we need prioritized/hierarchical rules and exceptions (they may overlap)?

B. Fill all time slots in database

*

*doctor defines working hours, e.g. from 9 AM to 3 PM every 30 minutes with 11-12 break

*if doctor is not available tomorrow, he just removes time slots from tomorrow

*if doctor is available tomorrow from 8:30 AM, he moves a block of time slots

*every time slot = row in database

*every time patient wants to make an appointment, server retrieves all time slots from database for specified period of time and doesn't need to parse rules

*we need tracking changes if we want to undo them?

*we can't populate time slots forever - doctor must plan schedule for specified amount of time (e.g. for next month) or time slots must be generated based on rules (hybrid approach A+B) automatically by a cron job

Exception examples

*

*vacation

*

*in A we need to make an exception or divide rules into 2 separate (before and after vacation)

*in B we just remove time slots from database for vacation

*change surgery hours for a period of time, e.g. next week

*

*in A similar as above, we make an exception or divide rules

*in B we change time slots only for next week and others are unchanged

*change surgery hours forever

*

*in A similar as above, we make an exception or divide rules

*in B we change all time slots until the end

*in odd weeks doctor works: Mon, Wed, Fri; in even weeks: Tue, Thu, Sat

*

*in A rules become more complicated and parsing may consume more time

*in B we populate time slots in database only once according to given algorithm

*doctor changes vacation time or removes exception

*

*in A he just changes exception time period or deletes and exception

*in B we populate back time slots (system should track changes to undo them?)

*some slots may be larger (e.g. 1 hour) than others (e.g. 30 minutes), e.g. for a procedure

Schema examples
A. Rules and exceptions
create table rules (
  doctor_id  UUID,
  rule_id    UUID,
  priority   tinyint,   -- example approach to solve overlapping rules
  base_rule  UUID,      -- another approach is a tree of rules
  time_from  timestamp, -- rule is valid from this time (required)
  time_to    timestamp, -- rule is valid until this time (null if forever)
  days       tinyint,   -- bitwise (1-Mon, 2-Tue, 4-Wed, etc)
  app_time   tinyint,   -- appointment time (in minutes, e.g. 30)
  start_hour tinyint,   -- e.g. 8 AM (when he wants to see first patient)
  end_hour   tinyint,   -- e.g. 15 PM (when he leaves surgery / logs out)
  hours      list<time>,-- another approach is a list with all hours (8, 8:30, 9, etc)
  primary key (doctor_id, rule_id)
);

We want also exceptions? Probably, but we may also utilize rules with priorities or rule tree.
create table rules (
  doctor_id    UUID,
  exception_id UUID,
  reason       TEXT,
  -- all fields similar as in rules table
  primary key (doctor_id, exception_id)
);

B. Fill all time slots in database
create table rules (
  doctor_id  UUID,
  patient_id UUID,      -- null if free, not null if booked by a patient
  slot_from  timestamp, -- time slot start time (required, e.g. 1/1/22 9:00)
  slot_to    timestamp, -- time slot end time (required, e.g. 1/1/22 9:30)
  primary key (doctor_id, slot_from)
);

Simple! No rule/exception parsing, just fetch and return time slots to patient.
To sum up

*

*Which approach is best?

*If any approach is bad - why?

*What would you modify for better performance and flexibility?

*If approach A, how to handle changes, exceptions, etc. in most efficient way?

*How is it implemented in already existing calendars/schedules, appointment systems, etc?

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