text:
Q: What is the correct way to listen to nested changes using Firebase? Background:
I'm trying to send SMS messages via the browser using Firebase, Twilio, and Node.js. My current data structure in Firebase looks like this:
{ messages :
  { +15553485 :
    { FB-GENERATED-KEY-1 :
      { body: "hello world"
        timestamp: 1461758765472 }
    },
    { FB-GENERATED-KEY-3 :
      { body: "I love dogs"
        timestamp: 1461758765475 }
      }
    }
  },
  { +15550000 :
    { FB-GENERATED-KEY-2 :
      { body: "goodbye world"
        timestamp: 1461758765473 }
    },
    { FB-GENERATED-KEY-4 :
      { body: "I love cats"
        timestamp: 1461758765476 }
      }
    }
  }
}

When a message is added to Firebase via the frontend the backend needs to get notified in order to send an SMS via Twilio. When the backend gets a reply from the phone (via Twilio), it adds it to Firebase.
Problems:
When I listen for changes to a thread I receive all messages sent/recieved for that phone number. Obviously the backend doesn't want to send all the messages again, so I'm only interested in the most recent message added to the thread.
Also I can't seem to easily get the phone number (the key) that has messages underneath it.
What I've tried:
ref.child('messages').on('child_added', ...) — this works for new phone numbers that are added at /messages, however Firebase doesn't send through the new phone number (key), only everything from FB-GENERATED-KEY-2 down.
ref.child('messages').on('child_changed', ...) — this returns all of the messages in a thread, not only the new ones. I can sort on the server and find the most recent message, but that seems like it'll get heavy quite quickly – what if you've sent thousands of messages?
Storing messages at the root level (aka. flattening the tree) and storing the number as an attribute instead could work, but I'm going to need to use the phone number as a sort of index to connect with other data later (like a foreign key).
Questions:

*

*How can I only get the most recent message when listening to activity on the parent /messages and not a particular phone number?

*How can I get the key (phone number) when using a child_ event?

*Does this data structure make sense?

A: You can get the Firebase key by calling key() on the snapshot returned by your child_added listener.
Then you can add another nested listener like this:
ref.child('messages').on('child_added', function (snapshot) {
    var phone = snapshot.key();
    ref.child('messages').child(phone).on('child_added', function (message) {
        //send SMS
    }, function (error) {

    });
}, function (error) {

});

A: The Firebase API allows you to listen for changes in value or for operations on children. It does not have a way to listen for changes in grandchildren.
In NoSQL databases you often need to model the data for the way your application uses it. If I look at your specific use-case:

When a message is added to Firebase via the frontend the backend needs to get notified in order to send an SMS via Twilio.

I see a queue here:
smsQueue: {
  pushId1: {
    number: "+15553485",
    body: "hello world",
    timestamp: 1461758765472
  },
  pushId2: {
    number: "+15550000",
    body: "goodbye world",
    timestamp: 1461758765473
  },
  pushId3: {
    number: "+15553485",
    body: "I love dogs",
    timestamp: 1461758765475
  },
  pushId4: {
    number: "+15550000",
    body: "I love cats",
    timestamp: 1461758765476
  }
}

With this structure your back-end (which hopefully uses firebase-queue) can take each task from the queue, call twilio and delete the item from the queue.


text:
Local woman named USCJ regional president
BY SARAH WILSON, SPECIAL TO THE JEWISH LIGHT
After roughly four years of being the president-elect, the United Synagogue for Conservative Judaism (USCJ) recently installed Mueriel Carp as the new Mid-Continent Region President.
The installment took place at the first-ever Tri-Regional Biennial Convention in Chicago in November and included the Midwest, Mid-Continent and the Great Lakes & Rivers Region.
The convention is meant to bring together Conservative Jews from other regions to not only learn from one another, but also to create lasting relationships and connections within the community.
Rabbi Carnie Shalom Rose, Congregation B'nai Amoona's senior rabbi, formally installed Carp at the convention, followed by the Shehekianu blessing. Rose said he could not think of a better person for the position than Carp, mostly because of her love for the Jewish community and admiration for the institution of the Jewish synagogue.
"Obviously, she is a person of great ability, very sharp intellect and a person who is fantastic at organizing not only events but organizing people," Rose said. "She has been involved with the synagogue for a number of years and a bona fide Conservative Jew."
Carp was raised Conservative and has been very active with United Synagogue Youth, in addition to being chair for B'nai Amoona's youth commission. Later, she was appointed to the international board for USCJ.
"My goals are to continue our Day of Learning, which is something that was just instituted these past two years," Carp said. "The Day of Learning was a program that demonstrated that in a one-day program, it is possible to bring back concrete ideas to your own synagogue and have an opportunity to interact with leaders of other synagogues. I am also going to concentrate on board training and going to customize it for the synagogue and personalize it for the individual."
Carp said Conservative Judaism is a movement that changes and that has progressed a lot through the years. When she celebrated her bat mitzvah in a Conservative/Orthodox synagogue years ago, a Sunday night ceremony with a closed Ark was her only option.
Years later, her daughter, Elizabeth, was the first female at a Conservative shul in St. Louis to have an aliyah at her bat mitzvah.
"This sort of relates to what's been going on at the same time to a female being elected the head of the rabbinical assembly," Carp said. "That goes hand in hand with how I talk about Conservative Judaism as a movement that changes. Here, I couldn't even be bat mitzvahed on a Saturday, and now we can all lead the way to having a female rabbi. If you think about it, that's huge."
One challenge Carp addressed was the large landmass of the Mid-Continent Region, which can be difficult because everyone is spread out. The region consists of 48 synagogues, from Canada to Mexico and from Denver to New Orleans.
"We're three countries, two time zones and one region," Carp said. "Because of electronic communication, we've been able to really stay in touch in a more efficient way than could have been done years ago. That's not to say we don't have face-to-face congressional visits. We do have both of those, but because of the proximity of where people live, we have to enhance it with other methods."
Rose said he looks forward to seeking out Carp's counsel and advice, and he thinks she will take the region to greater heights.
"I believe very strongly that she has the ability to bring people together," Rose said. "She is a wise woman, and we feel blessed to have her in our organization. We will continue to deepen and grow."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Bali is one of the most popular tourist destinations for honeymooners. Seminyak, Ubud and Kuta is the among the best location to access beach area. This island is well known for its fine arts, modern and traditional dances, painting, sculpture and music. Trending honeymooners go for Private Pool villa. The Villa price range depend on the location itself.


It can be termed as the Land of silver beaches, temples, rivers, waterfalls and tribal people which are its major attractions. It is also a pilgrimage hotspot with popular temples like the magnificent Sun Temple of Konark. The Land of Odisha is blessed with a beautiful coastline, nature, and wildlife that brings tourist from around the world. The history of the state is pretty rich and there are ample monuments to remind you of the same. The art, culture, fair and festivals are pretty diverse and an absolute treat for the tourists who come here to see the wonders of this amazing state. Visit the soulful site of India with our special packages that promise to provide you with the best of the place.
The state of Odisha is quite culturally diverse and the most famous ones are the Lord Jagannath Temple, the Konark's Sun temple, the caves of Jainism, some Buddhism sites, the folklore paintings and the art of the weavers. The dance and music of the region is another greatly influential art and quite unique to the state. Some of the best folk dances are 'Chhow' and 'Sambalpuri' along with some tribal dance forms like 'Ghumura' & 'Paraja'. The most famous and universally acclaimed fairs are the 'Rathyatra of Lord Jagannath' and the 'Bali Jatra' which is also linked with the culture of Bali.


The EU has for many years legislated in the field of criminal law creating judicial cooperation between the Member States based on mutual recognition and establishing minimum rules regarding procedure and certain serious crimes. However, the investigating and prosecuting of crimes has always remained the exclusive competence of the Member States. In a few years time, however, this will change with the introduction of the EU's own prosecution service – The European Public Prosecutor's Office (EPPO). The establishment of a European Prosecution Service raises a lot of questions for citizens in the EU. What crimes can EPPO prosecute for? What measures could EPPO take in its investigations? Will my rights be protected under this new system? These are all highly relevant questions and therefore this blog post will outline how the establishment of this new office will affect persons in the EU by looking at the different stages of a future EPPO investigation and prosecution.
What crimes can EPPO prosecute for?
The crimes that EPPO can investigate and prosecute are not laid down in the Regulation on EPPO, but in the PIF Directive on the fight against fraud to the Union's financial interests. The PIF Directive makes clear that fraud against the Union's financial interests encompasses a broad spectrum of crimes and includes VAT-related offences. Moreover, the Regulation provides for additional thresholds regarding the financial crimes.
Firstly, EPPO has competence in VAT-related crimes that involve a total damage of 10 million euros and also involve two or more Member States. For the crimes that are not related to VAT, there is no need for the cross-border dimension. For these non-VAT crimes, EPPO has competence when the amount of damages is more than 10.000 euros, unless the crime has repercussions at Union level which require an investigation to be conducted by the EPPO or when EU-officials are involved in the fraud. Finally, EPPO also has competence regarding crimes that are inextricably linked to criminal conduct that falls within the scope of the aforementioned offences.
What measures could EPPO take in its investigations?
There are two ways in which EPPO could start an investigation. EPPO could itself initiate an investigation or the EPPO could take over an investigation which was started by national authorities. In order to explain EPPO's internal decision-making process regarding the start of an investigation, let us take a closer look at the structure of EPPO.
EPPO is organised at both at a central level and a decentralised level (see figure). The central level is based in EPPO's offices in Luxembourg and consists of the College and the Permanent Chambers. The College consists of one European Prosecutor per Member State and is chaired by the Chief European Prosecutor. The College is responsible for the operational oversight of the EPPO and takes decisions on strategic matters, but cannot take operational decisions in individual cases. The Permanent Chambers are one level beneath the College and consists of a European Prosecutor and two additional members. A Permanent Chamber shall monitor and direct the investigations and prosecutions conducted by the European Delegated Prosecutors. Furthermore, any Permanent Chamber can instruct a Delegated European Prosecutor to initiate an investigation. The European Delegates Prosecutors are based in their respective Member States and form the decentralised level. In which Member State the investigation is started is of vital importance for the investigatory measures that can be taken. In the Commission's proposal on EPPO it was not clear on what grounds the choice to start investigations and proceedings in a particular Member State was rooted. This evoked fears of forum shopping, which would mean that EPPO could choose to investigate and prosecute in the Member State with the lowest procedural safeguards. The final Regulation, however, states clearly that a case shall be handled in the Member State where the focus of the criminality takes place. However, the fear of forum shopping remains regarding the gathering of evidence.
The Delegated European Prosecutors are the 'kingpins' of the investigation. They are based in their respective Member State and have the same investigatory powers as their national colleagues, such as the ability to demand information, place phone taps, search buildings, or issue a European Arrest Warrant. Since evidence can be gathered in the various Member States according to their national rules, the problem of forum shopping once again arises. Whereas forum shopping regarding where an investigation is initiated has been properly addressed in the new Regulation, the EPPO still maintains the right to gather evidence according to the national rules in the other Member States – a horizontal approach. This allows the EPPO to carry out investigatory measures in those Member States with the lowest procedural safeguards.
As article 36 provides, the prosecution shall take place in the Member State where the investigation was handled. Whereas a horizontal approach was taken regarding the gathering of evidence, the admittance of evidence is governed by a vertical approach. Article 37 of the Regulation states that evidence shall not be denied admission on the mere ground that the evidence was gathered in another Member State or in accordance with the law of another Member State. This leaves us with the situation in which EPPO could gather evidence in a Member State where the procedural safeguards are lower and then introduce that same evidence in a court in a Member State where such evidence would not have been admissible had it been a national case.
Will my rights be protected under this new system?
The considerations above show us that there is no coherent and uniform system of evidence gathering under EPPO. Article 41 provides for a number of rights for citizens, but this article does not effectively protect citizens from the possibility of forum shopping since the Regulation strongly relies on the procedural rights under national law. Article 42 provides for the judicial review of EPPO. However, here the Regulation again relies mostly on national courts to provide judicial review. There is a possibility for national courts to ask preliminary questions to the European Court of Justice (ECJ), but since there is no obligation on the courts to do so, the procedural gap regarding evidence remains in place. The areas in which the ECJ has direct jurisdiction are very limited and do not extend to issues relating evidence gathering.
The decentralised level of EPPO in which the Delegated Prosecutors act within their own Member State according to national law, makes it that EPPO is based on mutual cooperation – a term often mentioned in the Regulation. The consequence is that the prosecution of offenders of financial crimes stays very much within the ambit of the Member States. Although this answers to the fears articulated by Member States regarding subsidiarity and the encompassing competence creep, it will also lead to incoherence, since there are clear discrepancies between the various judicial systems of the Member States. This incoherence and lack of uniformity is problematic for the effective protection of citizens and specifically their legal certainty – best expressed concerning the gathering of evidence. Solutions to this problem could be expanding the oversight of the ECJ or as Vervaele has argued harmonising to a certain degree the role of national courts in protecting citizens.


Take a break from the busy summer season with a Guided Meditation in Fish Creek Provincial Park. After the meditation you will find yourself blissfully relaxed, focused and peaceful. Meditation is a practical way to slow the mind, bring yourself into the present moment and allow you to just Be. Let go of outside distractions to de-stress and increase harmony within your mind, body and spirit.
Enjoy a 1 hour Guided Meditation with volunteer instructor Hetty Laidlaw of Healing the Heart. Throughout her own wellness journey, Hetty has come to experience how important meditation and relaxation is to stay balanced, focused and relaxed.
Tuesday Nights – June 10, July 8, August 12, August 19, September 9, September 16 and October 14.
Bring mat and/or cushion, water and wear comfortable clothing.
This is an outdoor program that carries risks outside of the facilitator's control. By attending this program you are agreeing to do so at your own risk.


Fahey Bank shakeup: A 'hostile takeover' or 'just a business decision'?
The change in control at Fahey Bank looks differently depending on which Hughes brother you talk to.
MARION — The change in control at Fahey Bank looks differently depending on which Hughes brother you talk to.
For Carl F. Hughes, the ex-CEO, ex-president and ex-chairman, it was a "hostile takeover by mostly shareholders from out of town."
For Martin J. Hughes III, the new chairman and president, it was just business, a decision made by a majority vote like in any political process.
On Jan. 10, Fahey Bank held a shareholders meeting, where Martin Hughes and other shareholders joined their votes to oust the existing board of directors and install an entirely new slate, electing Martin Hughes the chairman and president.
While Martin Hughes insists he wants to keep the bank a community bank and says he'll make it more focused on Marion, Carl Hughes believes his brother has a different business model in mind.
The shakeup had been at least several months in the making. Before the Jan. 10 meeting, Carl Hughes wrote an appeal to shareholders urging them to vote for the then-existing board of directors at the meeting and accusing his brother of trying to "wrest control away from Fahey's current management."
The ex-CEO also alleged that his brother was spreading "misleading information" about the bank's financial condition "in an effort to convince shareholders to sell their shares or to grant their proxies to Martin Hughes," according to a letter to shareholders filed in a court case against the bank.
In an interview with the Star, Martin Hughes said it was impossible to spread misinformation when any information he would have had was from the FDIC.
In turn, Martin Hughes accused the bank of trying to suppress his shareholder votes and violating his and others' shareholder rights, according to a complaint he filed against the bank in November in Marion County Common Pleas Court.
Fahey Bank has been in business since its founding by the Hughes brothers' great-great-grandfather Timothy Fahey in 1865.
The bank, originally called The Bank of Ireland, started in the rear of Fahey's general store and has since grown into an institution with $282 million in total assets and the largest share of deposits in the county, 24 percent of the market share, according to the latest FDIC data.
Francis Voll, one of the board directors who was removed, said Fahey Bank is a "stalwart" establishment, probably the second-oldest business in Marion, after the Wilson Bohannan Lock Company.
"It's one of our pillars of the community," he said.
Carl Hughes took over as the bank's top executive at a turbulent time around 1986 when his father and ex-director of the bank was under FBI investigation for questionable labor union dealings and after the bank's president of eight years was accused of entering into a secret deal with a Cincinnati bank holding company to acquire Fahey, according to the Star's archives.
Carl Hughes remained at the helm of the bank until Jan. 10, when the new directors were put in place and he says he was fired.
Though he did not explicitly deny that Carl Hughes was fired, Martin Hughes said in an interview with the Star that his brother "chose to leave."
"They had their own business philosophy, and if that business philosophy didn't prevail, apparently they didn't want to continue," he told the Star.
Carl Hughes showed the Star a memo from Martin Hughes to bank employees dated Jan. 10 that said, "All authority of Carl Hughes as an officer or employee is terminated immediately."
He said he found out he had been dismissed from the memo, which he said someone else provided to him.
According to Carl Hughes, about 12 other people also left or were fired from the bank.
Martin Hughes has been a director on the bank's board for most of the time since the mid-1980s, he said. He left the bank at the end of 2015, he said, before his return now.
He and a block of shareholders voted to install a new board because they wanted to do things differently at the bank than the former board, he said.
When pressed repeatedly on what he wanted to do differently, he did not provide many details.
"I think we thought if it was run a little differently we could do more for Marion, be a little more committed, not that we haven't been, but we thought we could make the business run better and there were some differences in philosophy of how it was run," he said.
Under the new leadership, he said, he thought the community would see "more local lending" and "more focus on Marion."
Carl Hughes suggested that was not in line with what his brother and other directors have expressed in the past.
"The bank has had what we've described as a community bank business model, and based on their past statements they're not believers in that way of business," he said, with his former chief operating officer Coleman Clougherty saying that a community bank was one that takes deposits locally and makes loans locally.
But Martin Hughes rejected that contention.
"I'm committed to being a community bank," he said. "That's what we've been for 153 years. It's how we've been able to be successful and prosper and grow. It's how we've been able to give back to the community. I have the same commitment."
When asked why the change in control happened now, Francis Voll, a former director on the bank's board, told the Star that it seemed like the shares were "under Martin's control to a greater degree than Carl's."
Martin Hughes gained 2,195 more shares to vote after Judge William Finnegan ruled in his favor on a motion he made for a preliminary injunction after he alleged the bank miscounted his shareholder votes at a November shareholders meeting.
In the end, Carl Hughes said, he wants the bank to do well. He said he is the largest individual shareholder. According to an exhibit filed in court, he individually held nearly 6,000 of the 19,518 shares outstanding as of October 2018.
"We'll see how the bank does," he said.
"I can't foresee the future. All we just want to do is just hope they do a great job for the shareholders and for the community," said Gregory Sens, one of the directors who was removed.


text:
Saravana Bhavan owner dies in Chennai hosptial
NATIONALNews Alert
By Agencies	 Last updated Jul 18, 2019
CHENNAI: The founder of Saravana Bhavan chain of South Indian restaurant P. Rajagopal, who surrendered last week to serve a life term for a murder committed decades back, died here on Thursday morning in a private hospital, police said.
The 71-year-old, dubbed the "Dosa king", was shifted to a private hospital here on Tuesday on the orders of Madras High Court from government Stanley Hospital where he was being treated in the prison ward.
Rajagopal had arrived in an ambulance with an oxygen mask strapped to his face after the Supreme Court turned down his request to delay his sentence on medical grounds.
Sentenced to life term for the murder of his employee, Prince Santhakumar, Rajagopal surrendered before a court here on July 9 after the apex court dismissed his petition, seeking more time for surrender.
Sent to prison, he was admitted to the government hospital later the same day after complaining of giddiness.
Rajagopal had also sought that he be exempted from being sent to jail and his hospitalisation be treated as a deemed jail term. The court had refused the plea.
The case that goes back to the 1990s, had attracted considerable attention both in India and abroad.
Rajagopal allegedly wanted to marry a woman, on the advice of his astrologer.
At the time, Rajagopal had two wives and the young woman, then in her twenties, rejected him. She married Santakumar in 1999. The prosecution told the court Rajagopal threatened the couple in 2001 and demanded they end the marriage.
Days after the couple went to the police, Santhakumar was kidnapped and killed. His body was found in the forests.
The founder of the restaurant chain popular in the country and overseas, Rajagopal was sentenced by a sessions court to a 10 year jail term on charges of killing Santhakumar.
He had appealed in the Madras High Court, but it upheld his conviction while enhancing the sentence to a life imprisonment. The conviction and sentence were upheld by the apex court in March and he was supposed to surrender on July 7 to begin his term.
He moved the apex court to delay the beginning of his term, citing ill health, but got no relief from it.
Members of Khmih Creative Society
Cops suspended for assaulting UP journalist
Kerala guv seeks report from govt over moving SC against CAA
BJP accuses AAP of 'trying to save' Nirbhaya case convicts
National Nuggets
Kejriwal to file nomination today


I love this blog! I was so excited to read it as I can hear myself so much in your words and tips and links are awesome. Its written so well, very keen on the waste workshop!
Lovely post!! I'll share the love.
My recent discovery of "Good For" refillery in Ponsonby has got me so excited for avoiding plastic! I'm totally stocking up on jars now 😀 (Side bonus: Cupboards are way prettier now :D). These are some great tips! My reusable bags have at least moved to a spot beside the door, so on planned grocery trips from home they come with me… now to move them to the car!


text:
Viola Paulitz-Müller (née le  à Hildesheim) est une coureuse cycliste allemande.

Biographie

Palmarès

Palmarès par années
1983
  du championnat d'Allemagne sur route juniors
1987
  étape du Tour de France féminin
1988
  Championne d'Allemagne de course aux points
  du championnat d'Allemagne sur route
1989
  Championne d'Allemagne sur route
  du Championnat d'Allemagne de la vitesse
1991
  du GP de Ratingen
1992
  Championne d'Allemagne sur route
1993
 Augsbourg
 Eschborn-Frankfurt City Loop
1995
  étape des Trois jours de Pattensen
  de Spring Road Price
1996
  Championne d'Allemagne sur route
 Metzingen
  de Main-Spessart Tour
1997
 Main-Spessart Tour
  de Karbach
  de Bad Schwalbach
  de Niederwangen
  de Straelen
1998
 Novilon Euregio Cup
 Prolog Boekel
 de Ladies Tour Beneden-Maas (cdm)
 du Tour de Nuremberg
 de Main-Spessart Rundfahrt
 de Nuremberg

Notes et références

Liens externes

Coureuse cycliste allemande
Coureuse cycliste sur piste
Coureuse cycliste aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1988
Coureuse cycliste aux Jeux olympiques d'été de 1992
Naissance en mars 1967
Naissance à Hildesheim

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
How people should think about holiday traffic around Christmas and New Years
The time around Christmas and New Year is the most dangerous for driving because there are so many people on the roads, and it is dark and slippery. Before you go away for Christmas, here are some road safety tips.
If you have the chance, try not to travel when traffic is at its worst. This year, the weekends around Christmas and New Year's are December 22–23, December 27, 30, and 31, and December 28–29.
Plan your route, and choose safe highways and two-lane roads with barriers in the middle if you can. Before you leave, you should also check for road work, the state of the roads, and the weather. Feel free to use the situation in traffic, a web service from the Transport Administration. There, you can find out if there are road repairs or snow problems on the route you want to take. If you drive an electric car, you can find the closest place to charge it.
The most significant thing is to ensure you have good winter tires that grip icy and snowy roads. And before you leave, remember to check the air pressure. Read through the list below to ensure you are ready for your trip.
Make sure the car has good tires.
Check all lights.
Check the wiper blades, top up, and bring extra washer fluid.
Bring a tow line, snow shovel, and jumper cables.
Pack right. Heavy luggage along the bottom and against the backrest. Do not store anything on the hat shelf.
Bring a flashlight with working batteries.
Bring extra warm clothes and something to eat.
Make sure the mobile phone is charged.
Keep the speed limits and the distance to other vehicles.
Take frequent breaks if you are going long distances.
Use a reflective vest if you leave the car at a stop.
A driver must be alert and well-rested for a long trip in the dark and possibly bad road conditions. So, it would be best if you didn't travel in the evening after a long day at work. On long trips, often stop and feel free to bring food to eat in the car to give yourself more energy. Drive "smart" and change your speed depending on the weather and the road.
washer fluid
By panorica on Mon, 12/26/2022 - 18:15
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I may stop by occasionally, but for all practical purposes I'm on blogcation for the next six weeks. I will be dedicating that time to rectifying some financial matters (which are not my fault, damned credit bubble!), studying Tagalog, getting instructor credentials in a couple of martial arts, and preparing for the high-demand PT level of OCS. It is still my hope that at the end of this period I can get directly commissioned, but I'm preparing for the worst–and I can stand to shed a few pounds anyway.
While this may not seem like a large work load to keep me away from blogging, rest assured that if nothing else, running four miles a day before breakfast will definitely curb one's extracurricular activities.
:*(I'll miss you!I hope eveything works out great for you!!!


While Congress debates renewed aid to the Indonesian armed forces, an elite military unit was recently implicated in a series of assassinations of civilian activists in 2009. Investigative journalist Allan Nairn broke the story, and is now under threat of arrest by the Indonesian government. The assassinations took place in the province of Aceh leading up to the local elections there. We speak with Allan Nairn from Indonesia, as well as John Miller of the East Timor and Indonesia Action Network.
A noted independent journalist, ALLAN NAIRN runs the weblog News and Comment.
The Brooklyn-based rap trio Das Racist, known for polarizing crowds at music festivals, joins us in the studio. Their style has been described as "'deconstructionalist': sawing the legs out from under hip-hop as they celebrate it." They recently released their first album, Shut Up, Dude, on the internet. We talk to Victor Vazquez and Ashok Kondabolu of Das Racist about hip-hop, philosophy, and their new album.


Samsung is in crisis mode after its flagship $850 phone has literally been blowing up on customers. Samsung has permanently stopped production on the Note 7 after faulty lithium-ion batteries were overheating the device and causing it to ignite.
The discontinuation of the phone cost the company an estimated loss of $1 billion during the first recall. But, the loss could be as much as $17 billion in sales based on lost sales of the 19 million Galaxy Note 7 units Samsung had originally expected to sell during the device's lifetime.
This is funny for everyone except Samsung. Twitter has been blowing up over the catastrophe. Below are the funniest reactions.
Are you still using Samsung Galaxy Note 7 ?
Returned my Samsung Galaxy Note 7. Stupid phone didn't explode even after 2 weeks of use.
Just entered a competition to win a Samsung Galaxy Note 7. The loser gets two of them ???


text:
Othala () ist die 24. und letzte Rune des älteren Futhark (die achte Rune im dritten Ætt) mit dem Lautwert "O". Sie fehlt im altnordischen Runenalphabet.
Der rekonstruierte urgermanische Runenname geht auf *ōþalan (vgl. ahd. uodil) zurück. Er bedeutet vermutlich "Erbbesitz, Stammgut, in der Sippe erbliches Vermögen" (vgl. Odal und Kleinod). Die Rune erscheint in den Runengedichten als altenglisch ēþel (mit der Bedeutung "Heimat") bzw. gotisch utal.

Die Rune ist in Unicode mit U+16DF kodiert: ᛟ. (HTML: ᛟ).

Name und Etymologie
Der urgermanische Stamm *ōþala- oder *ōþila- (Erbbesitz) ist eine Ablaut-Variante des Stammes *aþal-. Dieser besteht aus einer Wurzel *aþ und dem Suffix *-ala oder *-ila. Die zweite Suffix-Variante erklärt z. B. die Umlaut-Form ēþel.

Eine etymologische Verbindung von Odal zu Adel ist naheliegend, allerdings noch Gegenstand von Diskussionen. Dieser Begriff beinhaltet soziale Privilegierung durch eine Vorfahrenreihe, größeren Landbesitz und befestigte Plätze.

Germanisches *aþal‑ bedeutete in etwa "Abstammung, Herkunft, Art", auch "Adeliger, Fürst" (altenglisch atheling). Seine Etymologie ist nicht geklärt, jedoch könnte eine Nähe zu gotisch atta (Vater) bestehen (s. Koseform Attila), was letztlich zu einer Wurzel aus der Säuglingssprache führte.

Der Begriff *oþal (Althochdeutsch uodal) ist ein Grundwort in einigen germanischen oder deutschen Namen, besonders Ulrich und dessen Varianten. Der Stamm *aþal ist in gotischen Namen häufig: Athalarich, Ataulf etc. Vgl. auch Namen wie Adalbert, Edmund, Otto und andere.

Odal war verbunden mit dem Erbrecht im alten Skandinavien. Einiges aus diesem Erbrecht ist heute noch in Geltung und regelt z. B. Aspekte des Eigentums in Norwegen (das Åsetesrett, Stammsitz-Recht, und das Odelsrett (Allod-Recht)).

Heraldik

In der Heraldik kommt die Othala-Rune in verschiedenen Ausformungen als sogenannte "Hausmarke", eine gemeine Figur, vor. So ist die Othala-Rune in Wappen von Orten zu finden.

Symbol des Nationalsozialismus

Zeit des Nationalsozialismus
Die neuere "Odal-Rune" erscheint erstmals während der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus. Dort wurde sie von der 7. SS-Freiwilligen-Gebirgs-Division "Prinz Eugen", der Hitler-Jugend (HJ) und dem Rasse- und Siedlungshauptamt als Kennzeichen verwendet.

Neonazismus

Die 1948 gegründete Studentenorganisation Afrikaner Studentebond, auch Afrikaanse Studentebond genannt, verwendete die Odal-Rune sowohl in der fiktiven Form nach Guido von List als auch in der herkömmlichen und ursprünglichen Form (ohne die "Füße") ebenfalls für ihr Banner.

Im Jahr 1949 wurde in Tarmstedt die erste Landwirtschaftsausstellung eröffnet. In deren Eingangsbereich zum Dorf hin wurde ein Stein mit dem im Nationalsozialismus populären Sinnspruch "Ehret die Scholle, die uns ernähret" errichtet. Unter dem Sinnspruch findet sich eine Odal-Rune in der "neuen Form", wie sie auch durch SS-Divisionen und das Rasse- und Siedlungshauptamt verwendet wurde.

Die Odal-Rune war das Abzeichen der 1952 gegründeten Wiking-Jugend und der 1956 gegründeten Studentenorganisation Bund Nationaler Studenten (BNS). Der BNS wurde im Jahr 1961 und die Wiking-Jugend im Jahr 1994 gemäß § 3 Vereinsgesetz verboten. Das Verbot eines Vereins erstreckt sich auch auf die Verwendung seiner Symbole (§ 9 Vereinsgesetz).

Im Liederbuch der Wiking-Jugend war das Wandervogellied Hohe Tannen weisen die Sterne enthalten, und zwar mit einer hinzugefügten weiteren Strophe mit rechtsradikalem Inhalt, in der die Rune angerufen wird:

Odalrune auf blutrotem Tuche,
Weh voran uns zum härtesten Streit.
Odalrune, dir Zeichen aller Freien,
Sei der Kampf unseres Lebens geweiht.

Das Lied Hohe Tannen weisen die Sterne war erstmals 1923 in dem Liederbuch Das junge Volk des Bundes der deutschen Ringpfadfinder veröffentlicht worden. Es befand sich 1934 in dem Hitlerjugend-Liederbuch Uns geht die Sonne nicht unter, allerdings ohne die Odalrunen-Strophe. In die Neuauflage ein Jahr später wurde das Lied nicht mehr aufgenommen. Der Vierzeiler über die Odalrune ist in keinem der in Online-Archiven zugänglichen Liederbücher aus der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus enthalten. Diese Strophe erschien erst nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg in rechtsradikalen Liederbüchern.

Die Odal-Rune ist bis heute ein verbreitetes Symbol in der Neonazi-Szene. Seit 2016 erscheint sie auf der Flagge des National Socialist Movement in den USA.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Rune
Politisches Symbol


text:
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The economic, social, and psychological reasons which caused Europeans to enslave Africans
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The chief psychological reason was the Europeans and Americans believed the Africans were mentally inferior to them. The economic reasons the Europeans and Americans enslaved Africans because they did not have enough money to pay the white indentured servants, so therefore it was easier and cheaper to enslave Africans...
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