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Home > Camino de Santiago routes > Camino Frances > The Camino de Santiago from Pamplona
The Camino de Santiago from Pamplona
Pamplona / Logroño
The Camino de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño is the second section of the Camino Frances , starting from the city of Pamplona ("Iruña" in the Euskera language), a city famous for the San Fermín running of the bulls that takes place every year from July 7th-14th.
The second section of the French Way ends in the city of Logroño, capital of the La Rioja region, which is famous for its exceptional wines. Throughout this section, from Pamplona to Logroño, we will pass by the famous pilgrim sculptures in Alto del Perdón, and from there we will get to enjoy panoramic views of the city of Pamplona and its surroundings.
Throughout this section we will walk along beautiful mountains and areas that are full of vineyards, crossing medieval bridges and passing several castles and churches.
We will also have the opportunity to discover beautiful villages along the trail such as the towns of Puente la Reina, Cirauqui, Estella and Viana.
We recommend stopping at the famous Bodega Irache winery, where we can rest and drink from their wine fountain completely for free. Have an unbeatable experience on the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona!
Length of the Camino: 6 days/ 5 nights to Logroño7 days/ 6 nights to Logroño33 days/ 32 nights to Santiago
We will begin the second section of the French Way in the famous city ofPamplona. Pamplona is world renowned for its San Fermín running of the bulls. In Pamplona we can wander around itsmedieval streets, visit its cathedral and enjoy its local cuisine.
For pilgrims who are fans of Ernest Hemingway, they can go on a literary tour throughout the city and have a coffee in a few of this famous writer's favorite spots, such as in the 'Plaza del Castillo' square.
Overnight: Pamplona
From Pamplona to Puente la Reina
We will start the ascent to Alto del Perdón, where we will be able to take pictures of the pilgrim sculpture at the top and enjoy the unbeatable panoramic views of the city of Pamplona and its entire valley.
Then we will start our descent towardsPuente la Reina, famous for its medieval streets and its impressive bridge from the 11th century over the Arga River.
More information on the stage from Pamplona to Puente la Reina.
Overnight: Puente la Reina
From Puente la Reina to Estella
We will continue our Camino de Santiago through farmlands, small villages and towns surrounded by olive groves, grain fields and small vineyards.
We will pass through Cirauqui perched on the top of a hill that will amaze us with its small medieval streets. Here we can find one of the best preserved sections of the Roman road. Later on we will reach Estella.
More information on the stage from Puente la Reina to Estella.
Overnight: Estella
From Estella to Los Arcos
After getting to enjoy the city of Estella and its several monuments, we will continue our journey to Los Arcos. When leaving Estella, we will pass by the Bodegas Irache winery where we will have the opportunity to enjoy its Wine Museum and liven up our day by drinking from its free wine fountain.
The Bodega Irache winery is a great place for taking a break and soaking in some of the area's wine culture.
Along the route to Los Arcos we will cross vineyards, olive trees and large grain fields. Once we pass Villamayor de Monjardín, we will head to Los Arcos and continue walking for 12 km without passing through a single town.
More information on the stage from Estella to Los Arcos.
Length: 21,5 km
Overnight: Los Arcos
From Los Arcos to Logroño
We will continue our Camino de Santiago on a very pleasant walk through the countryside. We will pass by the ruins of the Clavijo Castlebefore arriving at the city of Logroño. Logroño is famous for the quality of its wines and its exquisite tapas. On Logroño's Laurel Street we will be able to try some of the typical food from the La Rioja region.
More information on the stage from Los Arcos to Logroño.
Overnight: Logroño
Optional: from Los Arcos to Logroño spending the night in Viana
If walking 27 km all in one go is too demanding for us, we can choose to divide the section from Los Arcos to Logroño in two stages.
The first section is 17 km long and goes from Los Arcos to the pretty town of Viana, where we will get to rest in a cozy hotel. The second section is 10 km from Viana to Logroño.
Length: 17 km y 10 km
Overnight: Viana
Our last day of section 2 of the French Way will be spent in the city of Logroño, capital of La Rioja. In Logroño we recommend visiting its old town where we can find the Gothic Cathedral of Santa María and several Romanesque churches, one of which is the Church of San Bartolomé, famous for its beautiful carved portico.
We can also visit the Church of Santiago. The festival of San Mateo takes place in Logroño in September, which celebrates the grape harvest of the La Rioja region's vineyards. If you want to try some of the city's best tapas, we recommend heading over to Laurel Street.
Fin de nuestros servicios.
Puente la Reina
Los Arcos
Additional single room: 160€ per person.
Extra night in Logroño: 55€ per person.
Transfer from Logroño to Pamplona: to consult.
Travel assistance insurance: 24€ per person.
Cancellation insurance: 18€ per person.
We already have all the dates published until 2021, so you are encouraged to reserve your place before the groups are filled.
Two of the most emblematic cities in northern Spain are connected thanks to the Camino Frances to Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño. Indeed, Pamplona is the starting point of the stretch of the Camino Frances to Santiago that we will talk about below.
It is a route that crosses beautiful landscapes that, at the same time, have many incentives to complete it, in terms of history, heritage and culture. Do not miss it: it is possible to make this route with Santiago Ways.
Why choose the Camino de Santiago Frances from Pamplona to Logroño?
1.- Its great infrastructure: one of the most noteworthy aspects of the Camino Frances in general and the stretch of the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona is the high quality of its infrastructures.
Indeed, it has good roads, the whole itinerary is well signposted and there are enough points along the route to stock up on everything that we need.
This makes the route one of the favourites for those who want to start in the adventure of the Camino de Santiago.
2.-Great scenic beauty: Another reason why to complete the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño is the enormous variety of landscapes that we travel through.
Although we will tell you more specifically which are the main places of interest, we want to inform you that this route runs through forests, vineyards and, of course, historical and urban places of special interest.
3.- Gastronomy: For all the people who make the Camino Frances from Pamplona to the capital of La Rioja, gastronomy becomes an incentive to repeat the experience.
This is because part of a city of special gastronomic importance like Pamplona and for different points that we will find in the way that offer the best natural products of Navarre and La Rioja.
Later on, in fact, we will propose some suggestions of restaurants to visit.
Information about the route of the Camino de Santiago Frances from Pamplona to Logroño
The Camino Frances de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño has a duration of 6 stages with 5 corresponding nights. It is one of the most affordable sections for those who also start with this issue: it has a length of 94 kilometres with excellent infrastructure, as we have said previously.
It starts from the emblematic city of Pamplona and crosses numerous places surrounded by vineyards, medieval buildings and architecture, as well as emblematic resting places to enjoy, such as mountains and viewpoints. It is, therefore, one of the most popular and one of the routes that has most pilgrims throughout the year.
It is, therefore, an excellent opportunity to make travel companions for a lifetime. With Santiago Ways, it is possible to book this option of the Camino Frances de Santiago throughout the whole year. You can include breakfast and dinner or only breakfast, and always in the best hotels along the whole route.
The most reserved routes on the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño
We want to talk about the most popular routes among pilgrims from the Camino Frances de Santiago. Indeed, although in general the whole route is travelled by thousands of pilgrims throughout the year, we want you to know what the best options are.
The Camino Frances from Saint Jean Pied de Port
One of the most exciting options is the Camino Frances to Santiago from Saint Jean Pied de Port. It has a total length of 66 kilometres and a total duration of 4 nights and 5 days. It finishes its tour in Pamplona, so it is the section immediately preceding that we are presenting – the Camino Frances from Pamplona to Logroño.
Camino de Santiago Frances from Sarria
The stretch of the Camino de Santiago from Sarria has a length of 111 kilometres. It is distributed in 7 stages with its corresponding 6 nights in the best hotels with Santiago Ways. It is a route that departs from the medieval town of Sarria and finishes its itinerary in Santiago de Compostela.
So another reason why it is so popular is precisely that it is the stage that completes the Camino de Santiago.
Route of the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño
Maps of the Camino de Santiago Frances from Pamplona to Logroño
We also offer the maps of the Camino Frances de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño. With this, you can get an idea of what the overall route we will carry out as well as the localities through which we will make our route.
Pamplona – Puente la Reina
Map stage from Pamplona to Puente la Reina
Puente la Reina – Estella
Map stage from Puente la Reina to Estella
Estella – Los Arcos
Map stage from Estella to Los Arcos
Los Arcos – Logroño
Map stage from Los Arcos to Logrono
Profile of the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño
Here we will tell you about the profile of the Camino Frances from Pamplona. In other words, we will talk about its average altitude as well as the highest points to which we should ascend.
This has a lot to do with the potential difficulty of each of the routes, so it is an aspect that we must take into account. Despite this, we can anticipate that the Camino Frances from Pamplona has no special difficulty: The biggest ascent is progressively between Pamplona and the Alto del Perdón (a total climb of 300 metres).
Here you can see it more in detail:
Profile stage from Pamplona to Puente la Reina
Profile stage from Puente la Reina to Estella
Profile stage from Estella to Los Arcos
Profile stage from Los Arcos to Logrono
Stages on foot
We also detail what are the stages that we will face in our pilgrimage on foot. With this, we hope that you get an idea of what is the daily average of kilometres travelled and which are the places you will pass through.
Stage from Pamplona to Puente la Reina.
Stage from Puente la Reina to Estella.
Stage from Estella to Los Arcos.
Stage from Los Arcos to Logroño.
How long does the Camino Frances from Pamplona to Logroño take?
For pilgrims who decide to make the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona on foot, it must be said that it has a total duration of 6 days and 5 nights. In fact, the entire route of 94 kilometres is divided between this number of stages along wonderful landscapes. Yes, the time that you take will depend on each pilgrim.
With regard to the Camino by bicycle, it must be said that this time can be halved. It is true that the stages of ascent will require more time, for example, the area of ascent between the Guenduláin Reservoir and El Alto del Perdón. In them, the time can be slightly delayed, although later we will recover that time in the subsequent descent.
Best time to do the Camino de Santiago Frances from Pamplona to Logroño
So that you have all the information you need, we want to talk also about what is the best date to make the Camino Frances de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño. Rather, we will show you which advantages and disadvantages you have every month so that you can choose for yourself.
The month of January is a month chosen every time by more pilgrims due to the charm of the last days of Christmas and because these give free time to be able to carry out this route.
In February the temperatures begin to rise and are more benign compared to the month of January. There are not too many crowds and, in short, it may be a good time to start our pilgrimage along the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño.
In March, spring is already beginning to let its influence be noticed. The whole landscape of the vineyards of Navarre and La Rioja begin to show the joy of their colours. The weather is definitely milder, although you have to have to be careful with possible rains.
In this month many pilgrims are encouraged to make the Camino Frances de Santiago from Pamplona. They do it because in these dates Holy Week is celebrated during this month.
During the month of May, the risk of precipitation increases considerably. However, with planning, we will be able to enjoy the benefits of mild temperatures and of avoiding overcrowding.
June is one of the most popular months to complete the Camino de Santiago. It is when those who receive their holidays before others take advantage to do so because they begin to have more daylight hours
In July, there are the San Fermín festivities in Pamplona (from July 6th) and the Apostle's Day in Santiago (July 25th), so that many pilgrims can enjoy these festivities one after the other.
The month of August is another of the most popular. It is because in the north of Spain is not as hot as in the rest of the country, so people take advantage to "flee" from their respective autonomous regions.
In September, autumn can offer us the best of its fruits. In regions of incomparable beauty such as the Vega Navarra and Alava, the colours are soft and beautiful.
As in September, but with the added incentive that the temperatures are even milder in the month of October, it is also a good opportunity to make the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño. Be careful, however, with the risk of precipitation.
In November the temperatures begin to fall. For the Camino Frances de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño, this is not an excessive inconvenience. In fact, also during this season, the temperatures are mild because they are under Atlantic influence.
In December, the temperatures go down further, although we can enjoy the great beauty of the environment and of course, take advantage to celebrate an unforgettable Christmas in any of the localities that we are passing through.
Guide to the places you cannot miss on the Camino de Santiago Frances from Pamplona to Logroño
We want to introduce you now a selection of the places that you can not miss when completing the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona. In it, we include not only places of interest as monuments but also the best hotels and the best restaurants along the way.
Alto del Perdón
This is the highest point of the whole route and, consequently, the one that all the pilgrims have the most affection for. It is a sculptural ensemble where different pilgrims are represented throughout history.
This locality was one of the most important in Spain not only during the Carlist War, in which it became the capital of the side with the same name but also during the entire Civil War confrontation.
It is a beautiful town where we must stop to seal our pilgrim's credential. To do this, we do it by passing through a big central door and end up coming out the other end.
It is the point where the French/Navarre and French/Aragon routes come together. This magnificent bridge located in Navarre of medieval origin owes its name to the wife of Sancho the Elder. It is located on the River Arga and gives its name to the locality to which it gives way to.
Where to sleep – The best hotels
With Santiago Ways, you will rest in the best hotels arranged along the route of the Camino Frances from Pamplona to Logroño. We assure you that you will have the rest you deserve and that you can enjoy the experience of the road as you would wish.
Asador Olaverri: If before you start your pilgrimage you want to do it by giving yourself a small homage, we recommend you to visit the Asador Olaverri, located in Pamplona. It is a steakhouse where they will offer the best specialities of the area, especially meat and at an affordable price.
Restaurante Navarra: Located in the villa of Estella, this restaurant has a long history that we ourselves can check out in its cosy atmosphere. The price is affordable and they specialized in meats and fish dishes.
Restaurante Ikaro: Already in Logroño, a great way to put to an end to our adventure on the Camino Frances from Pamplona is to visit this establishment. It has elaborate cooking and personnel who use products from the orchard of La Rioja as the base of their preparation.
Origin of the Camino de Santiago Frances from Pamplona to Logroño
The origin of this stretch of the Camino Frances de Santiago dates from the times of the Spanish reconquest. Indeed, the original road is actually the Camino del Norte. However, as the reconquest was advancing, it was gradually abandoning that route (much more rugged) and the Camino Frances took more and more prominence.
Therefore, the union that the Camino Frances de Santiago makes from Pamplona to Logroño has numerous cultural and historical remains of that epoch and others. Proof of this is, for example, the municipality of Estella, which shows in itself the whole historical crucible of Europe.
The Camino de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño with Santiago Ways
Ideal footwear for the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño
Other sections of the Camino de Santiago Frances
St. Jean Pied de Port – Pamplona
Pamplona – Logroño
Roncesvalles – Logroño
Burgos – Sahagun
Sahagun – Leon
Leon – Ponferrada
Ponferrada – Sarria
Other users' opinions about the Camino de Santiago Frances from Pamplona to Logroño
We want you to know about the opinion of other users. They are people who have already made this route from the Camino Frances de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño with Santiago Ways. We hope it helps you understand how many great things are waiting for you.
Photos and videos of the Camino de Santiago from Pamplona to Logroño
Finally, we want to share with you some pictures and videos of the Camino Frances de Santiago from Pamplona so you can see everything that is waiting for you on this magnificent route. We hope you encourage yourself to live it as you deserve with Santiago Ways.
Santiago Ways – Official license AV4433.1| Experts in Walking Holidays and the Camino de Santiago | Company with Canary capital
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Research into reprogrammed stem cells: an interactive timeline
Not Exactly Rocket ScienceBy Ed YongFebruary 3, 2011 12:01 AM
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Our bodies are made up of hundreds of different types of cells, but stem cells can become all of them. Over the last five years, scientists have made great advances in reprogramming specialised adult cells back into a stem-like state, turning back the clock and restoring their lost potential. These "induced pluripotent stem cells" or iPSCs could be used to create personalised treatments for diseases, or even new body parts, which are tailored to an individual's genome. The journal Science named iPSCs as its Breakthrough of the Year in 2008. Since their discovery in 2006, research on these cells has rocketed ahead and this timeline charts the progress of this exciting field, right up to today's latest discovery. For readers who are using Readers or phones and cannot see the timeline, all of its content is available as text below. This timeline was inspired by John Rennie's manifesto on how to improve science journalism, by looking at the stories that lead up to new discoveries, rather than focusing on every new paper in isolation.
Reprogrammed stem cells on Dipity.
Aug 26, 2005 - The seeds are planted Kevin Eggan at Harvard University found that he could reprogram adult skin cells
into an embryonic state by fusing them with actual embryonic stem cells. The term iPSC hadn't even been coined yet, but this was an important step. It showed that adult cells can regain some of their lost potential and become more 'stem-like'. It also showed that embryonic stem cells have something inside them that can help adult cells on their way. The challenge was to find these elusive chemicals... Aug 10, 2006 - The first iPSCs Shinya Yamanaka from Kyoto University fired the starting pistol
. His team was the first to successfully turn back the clock on adult cells. They transformed skin cells from the tails of adult mice into those that looked a lot like embryonic stem cells. Like true embryonic stem cells, these "induced pluripotent stem cells" (iPSCs) could divide into a wide variety of cells and tissues. The technique depended on just four genes - Oct4, Sox2, c-Myc and Klf4 – a quartet that would come to be known as Yamanaka factors. Jun 6, 2007 - iPSCs work in mouse embryos Yamanaka expanded on his earlier work
, along with two other teams led by Rudolf Jaenisch at MIT
and Konrad Hochedinger of the Harvard Stem Cell Institute
. For the first time, the three teams showed that the iPSCs could help to produce adult cells if they were injected into mouse embryos. They were even more like embryonic stem cells than Yamanaka's earlier paper had suggested. Unfortunately, and this is a problem that will continue to rear its head for years, some of the animals went on to develop cancers. The team used viruses to insert the Yamanaka factors into the mouse genomes. If these end up in the wrong place, they could cause genetic chaos and ultimately cancer. It doesn't help that one of the four genes – c-Myc – is involved in cancer. And so far, no one had been able to create human iPSCs. Yet... Nov 20, 2007 - Human iPSCs arrive A major milestone: two independent groups managed to create iPSCs from human cells in a photo-finish tie. Yamanaka, naturally, was one of them
. He used the same four genes from his mouse experiments to transform skin cells taken from the face of a 36-year-old woman and connective tissue from a 69-year-old man. He even managed to coax the resulting iPSCs into neurons and heart muscle cells. Meanwhile, James Thomson from the University of Wisconsin
managed to reprogram skin cells from a foetus and from the foreskin of a baby boy. And a month later, George Daley's group from Harvard Medical School
became the third to produce human iPSCs. In the next two years, scientists would go on to create iPSCs from a variety of human tissues, including stomach, pancreatic, liver and immune cells, as well as neurons. These studies raised some important issues. Yamanaka used the same quartet of genes in his mouse experiments, but Thomson swapped out c-Myc and Klf4 for Nanog and Lin28. That was important, for c-Myc is linked to several cancers. Just ten days later, Yamanaka showed that he could produce iPSCs without Myc, using only the three other genes. Meanwhile, Yamanaka found big differences in the activity of 4% of the iPSC genes, compared to those of true embryonic stem cells. Are these cells really the same? Dec 6, 2007 - iPSCs cure sickle cell anaemia in mice From hype to reality. Rudolf Jaenisch cured mice of a genetic disorder
called sickle cell anaemia using personalised stem cells. His team took cells from the skin of the rodents' tails, reprogrammed them, corrected their genetic defect, and injected them back into the mice. Just four weeks later, the iPSCs had begun producing normal blood cells and the mice were no longer anaemic. It was a powerful 'proof-of-principle' that iPSCs could one day fulfil their potential in fighting human disease. Mar 7, 2008 - One that failed Nature reported that a Californian biotech company called PrimeGen claimed to be able to create iPSCs using carbon nanotubes. The tubes would act as a vehicle for shuttling the reprogramming genes into the cells. The claims were made at a conference of investors, many scientists were skeptical, and no published peer-reviewed paper has come of it Apr 15, 2008 - Rat model of Pakinson's Jaenisch tried to repeat his sickle cell success with Parkinson's disease
. He coaxed iPSCs into becoming neurons and transplanted them into the brain of a rat, displaying signs of Parkinson's disease. The new neurons integrated into the brains of their hosts and the rats' symptoms improved. However, some of them developed tumours, highlighting again the potential risks of this technique. Jun 22, 2008 - Small molecules boost efficiency When Yamanaka tried to create iPSCs without the potential cancer-causing Myc gene, he found that the process worked but slowly and inefficiently. Douglas Melton from Harvard University found a solution
. With a suite of small molecules, such as valproic acid, he managed to boost the efficiency of the Myc-less technique by more than 100 times. Jul 15, 2008 - ALS cells reprogrammed Building on successes in mice
, Kevin Eggan from Harvard University created iPSCs from skin cells taken from an 82-year old woman with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
. This is the same condition that has paralysed Stephen Hawking. Even after a lifetime of chronic disease, the adult cells could still be reverted to a stem-like state. Eggan then converted the iPSCs into motor neurons, the same cells affected by the donor's disease. The results were a boon for ALS researchers, and an example of one of the big benefits of iPSCs. Research into ALS is slow because it's nigh impossible to obtain a decent supply of living neurons affected by the condition. This study changed all of that, and it was just the beginning... Aug 7, 2008 - Diseases ahoy Two months after Eggan's group produced iPSCs from a patient with ALS, George Daley announced the creation of iPSCs from ten genetic disorders
. The list includes a who's who of important inherited diseases including Huntington Diseases, Down syndrome, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and others with a strong genetic component, such as juvenile-onset type 1 diabetes and Parkinson disease. As with the ALS iPSCs, these aren't breakthrough in themselves. Instead, they open doors for future discoveries. Sep 25, 2008 - A safer method? Previously, scientists had created iPSCs using viruses that shove their DNA cargo into a cell's own genome. This approach is risky. If the DNA ends up in the wrong place and disrupts the wrong gene, the result could be cancer. But this isn't necessary. Konrad Hochedlinger from Harvard University managed to do the same thing with adenoviruses
, a group of viruses that stay out of their hosts' DNA. There was a catch – the process was slower and less efficient. Dec 22, 2008 - SMA cells reprogrammed Clive Svendsen from the University of Wisconsin took skin cells taken from a patient with spinal muscular atrophy
(SMA) and reprogrammed them into iPSCs. Others had created many such lines from people with other diseases, but Svendsen went one step further. He showed that the reprogrammed cells kept their genetic defects and produced neurons with the same problems. And that makes them a valuable resource for studying the disease in the lab. For example, scientists can expose these cells to experimental drugs to see how they respond. Jan 12, 2009 - iPSCs treat haemophilia in mice Yupo Ma from the Nevada Cancer Institute used iPSCs to treat a genetic disease called haemophilia A in mice
. The disease is caused by a single faulty gene that stops blood from clotting properly. Ma created iPSCs using three of the Yamanaka factors (without Myc) and transplanted them into the haemophiliac mice. Normally, these animals would bleed to death within a few hours if they get a small cut in their tails. After the iPSC treatment, they could survive a cut for several months. This was the second genetic disorder to be treated with iPSCs, but it's still only a triumph in mice. Before human trials can start, there are still many big safety issues to address. Feb 12, 2009 - iPSCs into beating heart cells Transforming cells into iPSCs is one thing; turning them back into other types of cells is quite another. Tim Kamp from the University of Wisconsin managed to turn iPSCs into various types of heart cells, which could even be seen beating in a dish
. Mar 1, 2009 - No viruses needed Scientists have reprogrammed cells with two different types of viruses. But two groups led by Andras Nagy from Mount Sinai Hospital
and Keisuke Kaji from the University of Edinburgh managed to produce iPSCs without any viruses at all. They loaded Yamanaka factors into a DNA "cassette" that could jump into the genome of a host cell. Once the cells had been transformed, the cassette could be cut back out. Apr 23, 2009 - No genes needed iPSCs can be made without using genes at all. Sheng Ding from the Scripps Research Institute
took the proteins encoded by the four Yamanaka factors and tagged them with a backstage-pass – a molecule that gave them entry into mouse cells. A month later, Kwang-Soo Kim from Harvard Medical School
managed to do the same thing using human cells. Jun 23, 2009 - iPSCs make mice In perhaps the ultimate test of the potential of iPSCs, two teams used these reprogrammed cells to produce living mice. Qi Zhou from the Chinese Academy of Sciences created a mouse called Xiao Xiao
by implanting iPSCs into a developing embryo when it was still a ball of cells. He transplanted the embryo into a surrogate mother, which gave birth to a healthy pup 20 days later. All in all, Zhou reared 27 pups from iPSCs transplants and 12 of these survived to adulthood and have produced young of their own. A second group led Shaorong Gao
of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences achieved the same feat. Aug 9, 2009 - Immortality helps No fewer than five separate groups
(including Yamanaka's and Hochedlinger's) hit on the same way of producing iPSCs more efficiently – making them immortal. All of them focused on p53, the so-called "guardian of the genome", which prevents cells from becoming cancerous. By knocking out this guardian, or other genes that work together with it, the teams managed to turn a far greater proportion of adult cells into iPSCs. The approach has clear risks and it will never be used to create stem cells for treating patients. But it could help scientists to create more iPSCs for use in their research. Oct 11, 2009 - Separating wheat from chaff When adult cells are reprogrammed into iPSCs, not all of them make the full transition. George Daley and Thorsten Schlaeger found a set of molecules that can tell the fully-reprogrammed cells from their incomplete cousins
. They even managed to see these molecules under the microscopy by using glowing antibodies designed to find and stick to them. With these glowing signposts, they could watch the fate of their iPSCs on a live broadcast. Nov 10, 2009 - Speeding it up Right from Yamanaka's first experiments, only a small proportion of adult cells could ever be transformed into iPSCs. Some wondered if only a small proportion of cells had the potential to regain their potential. But Rudolf Janiesch showed that it was just a matter of time. It's a constant and random process
. Give it long enough – say 18 weeks – and almost all cells can be reprogrammed. Janiesch also found ways of speeding up the transformations, either by making the cells divide faster, or by cutting down the number of divisions it takes before they transform. Feb 11, 2010 - Stem cells not as we know them As research with iPSCs blazes ahead, some scientists start to report important problems. Sun-Chun Zhang from the University of Wisconsin
found that iPSCs produce neurons at a slower pace than true embryonic stem cells. In the same week, Robert Lanza from Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine International
found the same thing for blood cells. Not only that, but the cells they did produce were more likely to grow slowly, age prematurely and die spontaneously. One month later, another group found one of the reasons behind these problems... Mar 31, 2010 - A genetic flaw Konrad Hochedlinger found a set of important genetic differences that separate mouse iPSCs from genuine embryonic stem cells
. On their 12th chromosome, they have a cluster of genes that is much less active. If human iPSCs have similar silenced genes, this could explain why they aren't as good as embryonic stem cells at producing other types of cells. The true scale of these differences would become clear in a few months... Jun 21, 2010 - Forget genes, just use viruses Some scientists have found ways of producing iPSCs without any viruses, using either the Yamanaka factors or the proteins that they encode. But Andrew Baker at the University of Glasgow went the other way
. At the annual meeting of the International Society for Stem Cell Research, he announced that he could create iPSCs form human skin cells using only viruses, without any of Yamanaka factors or any other reprogramming genes. It was like saying you could use a car without a driver. Not everyone was convinced, but Baker's results were published four months later. Jul 19, 2010 - Memories of past lives It's not so easy to turn back the clock. Even after they've been reprogrammed, iPSCs carry a memory of their past
identities that constrains their future. George Daley's group found
that iPSCs still carry molecular marks that annotate their DNA. These "epigenetic" changes mean that it is easier, for example, to produce blood cells from iPSCs that themselves came from blood cells, rather than those derived from connective tissue or brain cells. This explains a lot of earlier results, including the differences in gene activity between iPSCs and true embryonic stem cells. There are a few possible ways around these problems. You could use chemicals to try and strip away the epigenetic marks. Or, as Hochedlinger's group found
, you could simply grow the cells for a long time. Nov 17, 2010 - iPSCs tag jumping genes By creating iPSCs from cells with genetic disorders, scientists were supposedly creating important tools for studying these diseases. Alysson Muotri and Maria Marchetto from The Salk Institute proved that point by studying a genetic disorder called Rett syndrome
. The disease stops neurons from developing properly, and the duo suspected the involvement of DNA sequences called L1s, which can jump around the genome. To test that, they took cells from girls with or without Rett syndrome and transformed them all into iPSCs
. They tagged the L1 gene so that it gave off a green glow and watched it hopped around the genome. The telltale fireflies revealed that Rett syndrome neurons have twice as much active L1 as those from the other children. Dec 12, 2010 - iPSCs into intestinal tissue iPSCs have been transformed into various types of cells, but typically in a dish. James Wells from the Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center went one step further by turning iPSCs into three-dimensional pieces of intestinal tissue.
He did it using a cocktail of growth factors, delivered at a precise schedule. His "organoids" should help scientists to study human organs in the confines of a lab. Feb 01, 2011 – Reprogramming errors, lots of them Like Daley last year, Joseph Ecker's group from The Salk Institute found epigenetic differences between iPSCs and true embryonic stem cells,
but this time in human cells. By comparing methyl marks across the entire genomes of iPSC lines, embryonic stem cells and adult cells, Ecker found reprogramming errors that were more extensive than anyone had suspected. Many of these errors were common to all iPSC lines, and some were unique to individual ones. They could be passed on to daughter cells created form the iPSCs. The abnormal marks seemed to cluster around structures are the centre and tips of chromosomes –the centromeres and telomeres. Ecker thinks the DNA at these places might be packaged and folded in such a way that makes methyl marks harder to remove. Now, they're testing chemicals that target or open up these areas, in the hope of producing a 'stemmier' breed of iPSCs. Still to come - ?
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A facile chemistry route to prepare symmetric poly(L-lactide) (PLLA)-based dendritic L-lysine copolymer (PLLA-d), with a PLLA block as the core and lysine dendrons in the two ends to provide certain density of positive charges, through a divergent method is reported. The polymers were characterized by H-1 NMR, GPC and MALDI-TOF to confirm the well-defined chemical architecture. The study on crystallization behaviour demonstrated that the introduction of the lysine dendron favoured the formation of banded spherulites when compared with the PLLA polymer. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) results showed that the lysine dendron disrupted PLLA crystalline region and lowered the melting point and crystallinity of PLLA. The PLLA-d was fabricated into honeycomb films (H-PLLA-d) through the breath-figure method for water contact angle test and in vitro study, with flat PLLA, honeycomb PLLA, and flat PLLA-d films (PLLA, H-PLLA, and F-PLLA-d, respectively) as the controls. The water contact angle test indicated that the hydrophilicity of the PLLA-d film was strongly improved after the incorporation of the lysine dendron into PLLA. The incorporation of the lysine dendron increased the surface zeta potential and decreased the mechanical properties of PLLA. Mouse osteoblastic cell (MC3T3-E1) functions including cell attachment, adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation were investigated on PLLA, H-PLLA, F-PLLA-d and H-PLLA-d films. The results indicated that MC3T3-E1 cell functions were significantly enhanced on F-PLLA-d or H-PLLA films and especially H-PLLA-d ones. This study not only demonstrates a facile approach to fabricate a novel copolymer film (H-PLLA-d), which combines positive charges with honeycomb pores, but also provides a potential biomaterial for bone repair by improving osteoblastic cell functions.


Hissa Hilal is the voice from behind the veil. Her word is her weapon. We'll never see her face. Like the majority of Saudi women, Hissa is covered from head to toe. She is not allowed to drive a car. She doesn't own a passport and requires consent from her husband for any sort of activity. But then, coming out of nowhere Hissa made headlines around the world in 2010 as the first woman to ever make it to the finals of "Million's Poet", the Arab world's biggest poetry competition, usually dominated by men. In her poems Hissa criticizes the patriarchal Arab society including one of the most notorious Saudi clerics for his extremist fatwas, live, in front of 75 million viewers. How did she gain the knowledge and the courage to step on stage and risk her life?


text:
describe( "#is_between", function() {
  it("returns false if the person is younger than 13", function() {
    expect(is_a_teenager(12)).toBe(false);
  });

  it("returns false if the person is older than 19", function() {
    expect(is_a_teenager(20)).toBe(false);
  });

  it("returns true if the person is between the ages of 13 and 19", function() {
    expect(is_a_teenager(15)).toBe(true);
  });
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


So another week has flown past. My addiction to exercise worsens as I'm now averaging six days a week. My preferred time to workout is early in the morning before the kids have risen. If you knew me in any of my previous lives, you know that's quite out of character and that maybe aliens have implanted a mysterious virus in my frontal lobe. Actually, that's as good an explanation as I could give for this madness.
Twice last week (before the weather turned miserably cold and windy again, I successfully ran in the wild. Last Sunday I managed a couple of miles before the rain got heavy. Monday, about three and a half. My marathoner friend Carmen told me that I'd like it far better than the treadmill. She was right. If only the weather would cooperate more often.
So Martin turns forty in a matter of days. His twin brother was going to come visit for a little get together he's having (I've been invited, but I'm not certain I'll be welcomed), but the day after KU's big victory, a doctor's visit revealed that Michael has a very mild form of thyroid cancer and will have surgery on Thursday. There is nothing to fret about. A small scar and a lifetime of hormone therapy will be the only after effects. He's in good spirits, but that must be a harrowing way to face the big four-0. Martin is taking it in quietly. Perhaps he'll choose to address his health issues. If not for himself, for his children. He grew up without a father. He surely wants better for his three.
My week started with strong ambitions of a job and housing search. I stepped in my way quickly and didn't get much done. An updated resume and a few phone calls. Hopefully this upcoming week will bring better things.
I had the wonderful privilege of hosting my dear friend Casey for a couple of days this week. She was in town on business and it was inspiring, as always, to spend time with her. And though it's a little out of focus. . .


text:
Q: In the statement $\text dV = 4\pi x^2\text dx$ , how is the radius $x^2\text dx$? I was recently studying a question based on Electrostatics. Here is the link to the question (along with the answer below). I haven't learned integration yet. But my question here is how did we get $x^2\text dx$ as the radius of the Gaussian shell?
Link to the question and answer: https://www.sarthaks.com/40525/let-there-be-a-spherically-symmetric-charge-distribution-with-charge-density

A: $x^2dx$ is not radius here. $4\pi x^2$ is the surface area of the spherical surface, multiplying by $dx$ gives you the differential volume.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Our Lady, St Marie
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The Holy Rosary: A Powerful Form of Prayer
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Welcome to St Marie's Cathedral!
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The Holy Rosary is a tool that helps us to pray. It's made up of a string of about 60 beads (or knots), with each bead representing a particular prayer to be said. But it is so much more than the sum of these prayer! It is a way of reflecting deeply on 20 Mysteries surrounding Jesus.
Pope after Pope has encouraged people to pray the Rosary. Pope John Paul II said that the Holy Rosary was "among the finest and most praiseworthy traditions of Christian contemplation".
In her appearances to people, the Virgin Mary, our Blessed Mother, has frequently delivered messages urging people to pray – and keep praying – the Holy Rosary. (For instance, Fatima in Portugal, 1917; Betania in Venezuela in 1976; Cuapa in Nicaragua, 1980; Medjugorje, Bosnia and Herzegovina, 1980 to the present day – to name but a few).
Our Blessed Mother has encouraged us to pray the Rosary as a form of protection. She has asked us to pray the Rosary to create peace in our families, societies and nations. She's asked us to pray the Rosary for the conversion of sinners, so that they, too, can experience the abundant life in Christ. Sometimes she has pleaded with us to pray the Rosary – with tears in her eyes!
There are twenty Mysteries to reflect on when praying the Holy Rosary; together, they make up the life of Jesus. The Mysteries are re-arranged into four groups of five: the Joyful Mysteries, the Luminous Mysteries, the Sorrowful Mysteries and the Glorious Mysteries.
The tradition in the Church is to pray one of the four sets of mysteries of the Rosary, per day. The traditional days are as follows:
Mondays and Saturdays: the Joyful Mysteries
Tuesday and Fridays: the Sorrowful Mysteries
Wednesdays and Sundays: the Glorious Mysteries
Thursdays: the Luminous Mysteries
How to Say the Rosary:
The Rosary begins with the 'Sign of the Cross', the 'Apostles' Creed', one 'Our Father', three 'Hail Marys', followed by one 'Glory be to the Father'.
The prayer then moves on to meditating on the first Mystery within the group for that day. Whilst continuing to reflect and ponder the Mystery, you pray one 'Our Father', followed by ten 'Hail Marys'. After saying the 'decade', you finish with another 'Glory be to the Father', followed by the prayer requested by Our Lady of Fatima: "O my Jesus, forgive us our sins, save us from the fires of hell, lead all souls to Heaven, especially those in most need of Thy mercy."
You then introduce the second Mystery, before embarking on the second decade, and so on.
At the end of all five decades, you finish with a 'Hail, Holy Queen', with an optional closing prayer, before making the 'Sign of the Cross'.
If you would like more detailed help to you get started with praying the Holy Rosary, please click here:
https://www.marian.org/mary/rosary/howto.php
If you would like to join a Rosary group at St Marie's, please contact the PPC on PPC@stmariecathedral.org, who will be happy to tell you what opportunities are currently on offer.
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Wednesday, January 20, 2021Canada's Leading Online Business Magazine
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Home | Business News | CBJ Newsmakers | ATCO Wins Workforce Housing Contract in Support of Coastal Gaslink Pipeline and LNG Canada
ATCO Wins Workforce Housing Contract in Support of Coastal Gaslink Pipeline and LNG Canada
CBJ Newsmakers
CALGARY, Alberta, Dec. 04, 2018 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — ATCO announced today, that as operator for its joint-venture partnership with the Haisla First Nation, it has been chosen to provide workforce housing and operational support services for three camps in the Haisla territory in support of construction of the Coastal GasLink pipeline in British Columbia. The contract was conditionally awarded by Coastal GasLink Pipeline Ltd. upon a positive final investment decision by the joint-venture partners of LNG Canada, and has a combined value of approximately $40 million.
"We are tremendously proud to support this crucial energy infrastructure project, and to be doing so alongside our valued partners within the Haisla Nation," said Nancy Southern, Chair & Chief Executive Officer with ATCO. "We look forward to working hand-in-hand with our partners to support major workforce housing projects in the Kitimat region on landmark infrastructure development in the years ahead."
The three camps are proposed to commence operations in March 2019 and continue until August 2022. ATCO has operated a successful partnership with the Haisla Nation since 2011, delivering multiple camp and modular site accommodation projects within the Kitimat region of British Colombia.
Over the last decade, ATCO has provided premier workforce housing and operational support services to several of the world's most ambitious LNG infrastructure projects. In 2016, the company completed its largest-ever U.S. workforce housing project at a major LNG project near Lake Charles, Louisiana. ATCO has also supported several major LNG projects in Australia, including the Chevron-operated Wheatstone Project in Western Australia, and three large workforce housing projects on Curtis Island, providing more than 6,000 beds for workers constructing LNG terminals.
With approximately 7,000 employees and assets of $23 billion, ATCO is a diversified global holding corporation with investments in Structures & Logistics (workforce housing, innovative modular facilities, construction, site support services, and logistics and operations management); Energy Infrastructure (electricity generation, transmission, and distribution; natural gas transmission, distribution and infrastructure development; energy storage and industrial water solutions; and electricity and natural gas retail sales); Transportation (ports and transportation logistics); and Commercial Real Estate. More information can be found at www.ATCO.com.
D.A. (Dennis) DeChamplain
Senior Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
403-292-7502 Media Inquiries:
Chad Cummins
Senior Advisor, Marketing & Communications
Forward-Looking Information:
Certain statements contained in this news release may constitute forward-looking information. Forward-looking information is often, but not always, identified by the use of words such as "anticipate", "plan", "estimate", "expect", "may", "will", "intend", "should", and similar expressions.
Forward-looking information involves known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results or events to differ materially from those anticipated in such forward-looking information.
The Company's actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in this forward-looking information as a result of regulatory decisions, competitive factors in the industries in which the Company operates, prevailing economic conditions, and other factors, many of which are beyond the control of the Company.
The Company believes that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking information are reasonable, but no assurance can be given that these expectations will prove to be correct and such forward-looking information should not be unduly relied upon.
Any forward-looking information contained in this news release represents the Company's expectations as of the date hereof, and is subject to change after such date. The Company disclaims any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking information whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by applicable securities legislation.
PDF Available: http://resource.globenewswire.com/Resource/Download/fa6da1f4-6bd3-4890-bbd9-538b0491545b
Reliq Health Technologies, Inc. Announces Launch of Multilingual Interactive Voice Recognition and New Contract in Maryland
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In a very unique, amazing fictional universe, this Confissões by José Ricardo Nunes revolves around figures unframed from the social norm with failures to heal, in confessionality relationships that never fulfill. A writing that has the gift of suspense while presenting a wealth of vocabulary and constructive, the best of its kind done today in Portugal.
Prior to this collection of short stories, the author had published fiction books Alfabeto Adiado (Porto, Deriva, 2010) and Uma Viagem à Costa Rica (Author's Edition, 2010).
He graduated in Law and Master in Portuguese Literature and Culture. Works at the Ministry of Justice. Resides in Regina.
Has poems published in magazines Arsenal, Colóquio/Letras, Di Versos e Relâmpago; é autor dos seguintes livros: Rua 31 de Janeiro (Lisboa, & etc, 1998); Na Linha Divisória (Porto, Campo das Letras, 2000); Novas Razões (Lisboa, Gótica, 2002); Apócrifo (Porto, Deriva, 2007); Versos Olímpicos (Porto, Deriva, 2009); Compositores do Período Barroco (Porto, Deriva, 2013).
Published the following fiction books: Alfabeto Adiado (Porto, Deriva, 2010) e Uma Viagem à Costa Rica (author's edition, 2010). Writes regularly for Colóquio/Letras e Relâmpago magazines e published the following volumes: Um Corpo Escrevente. A poesia de Luiza Neto Jorge (Lisboa, & etc, 2000) e Nove Poetas para o Século XXI (Coimbra, Angelus Novus, 2002). Confissões is his third book of fiction.


text:
Disinfectant robots tested at Tokyo train station
NHK -- Jul 27
A railway operator is testing disinfectant robots at a station in Tokyo to help prevent the spread of the coronavirus.
Media personnel were invited to view the test on Monday at Takanawa Gateway Station on the Yamanote Line, which is operated by East Japan Railway Company, or JR East. The station opened in March.
Three types of robots sprayed disinfectant on handrails and other objects touched by people. They used multiple sensors to navigate their way through the station.
Some of the robots also have cleaning and security functions that are based on artificial intelligence.
JR East is also testing autonomous delivery with the aim of reducing human contact. A robot used an elevator to deliver iced coffee to a meeting room.
Various tests involving state-of-the-art technology are being conducted at Takanawa Gateway Station under the concept of a "station of the future."
JR East hopes to put the robots into practical use by fiscal 2024.
The head of the firm's technology innovation headquarters, Sato Isao, says disinfection and contactless delivery are becoming extremely important, and that he hopes the robots which are being tested at Takanawa Gateway will be used at other stations as well.
新型コロナウイルスの感染拡大を防ごうと、JR山手線の「高輪ゲートウェイ駅」で、自動で消毒作業を行うロボットの導入に向けた実証実験が行われました。
News sources: NHK, 東京 ニュース
Medical system in Tokyo under extreme strain
Japanese experts are warning the current wave of coronavirus infections is putting increasing strain on the medical system in the capital. (NHK)
Expert warns of explosive rise in cases in Tokyo
An expert warns that Tokyo has been experiencing an unprecedentedly rapid increase in new cases of the coronavirus and explosive growth could occur. (NHK)
Japan says it's working to isolate, analyse new coronavirus variant
Japan is working to isolate and analyse a new variant of the coronavirus detected in four people who arrived from Brazil, a health ministry official said Tuesday. (FRANCE 24 English)
Seasonal flu cases remain well below average
The number of people infected with seasonal flu in Japan continues to remain dramatically below that of the average year. (NHK)
CES goes virtual amid pandemic
One of the world's largest technology-trade fairs has kicked off. The "Consumer Electronics Show" normally attracts over 100,000 visitors who crowd into a venue in Las Vegas. (NHK)
New variant of coronavirus detected in Japan
Japan's health ministry says four people who arrived at Tokyo's Haneda Airport earlier this month were infected with a coronavirus variant different from those found in Britain and South Africa. (NHK)
Coronavirus third wave puts many Japanese hospitals on overload
Medical facilities across Japan are struggling to cope with the recent surge in novel coronavirus infections, leaving the medical care system in many areas on the brink of collapse. (Japan Today)
Japanese arthritis drug effective against coronavirus, UK says
Arthritis medication developed by Japan's Chugai Pharmaceutical provides effective treatment against the coronavirus, according to the British government, lowering mortality risk and shortening hospital stays. (Nikkei)
Explosion ~ 桜島 Sakurajima Volcano, Japan
At 10:09 JST an explosion was registered. It's not a strong plume so the explosion wasn't extremely forceful. (Volcano Time-Lapse)
Curtains can also be solar panels: Japan-made tech to change world
As countries shift away from fossil fuels, companies are focusing on developing and improving technologies for cleaner fuels. (Nikkei)
Japan's Fugaku supercomputer is tackling some of the world's biggest problems
Japan's Fugaku supercomputer — which in June ranked first in the global Top500 list of such machines, the first time for a Japanese machine in about nine years — was surprisingly not created with the aim of excelling in numerical benchmarks, unlike some of its rivals. (Japan Times)
Japan Pacific saury catch plunges to record low
The catch of a fish that's one of Japan's most popular fall foods hit a record low last year. Hauls of Pacifc saury, or "Sanma", plunged as their numbers diminished. (NHK)
Japan hospitals slammed after underestimating third COVID wave
Hospitals in areas of Japan hit hard by a resurgent coronavirus outbreak are struggling to accommodate patients, despite far lower case numbers and more beds than in Europe or the U.S. A failure to adjust excessively rosy assumptions as facts on the ground changed is partly responsible for the situation. (Nikkei)
Japan's plan to go carbon neutral
Japan laid out a 'green growth strategy' that includes a goal to replace new gasoline-powered vehicles with electric cars to reach net zero carbon emissions and generate nearly $2 trillion a year in green growth by 2050 (Reuters)
Experts: Tokyo's medical system in critical phase
Experts warn that Tokyo's medical system is under severe strain and is entering a critical stage due to a surge in coronavirus cases in the Japanese capital. (NHK)
SoftBank to offer $21 at-home coronavirus tests in Japan
The general public in Japan will be able to receive low-cost at-home coronavirus testing from SoftBank Group, which until now had only offered its PCR screening to companies and local governments. (Nikkei)
Coronavirus strain from S.Africa found in Japan
A new variant of the coronavirus that was first detected in South Africa has been confirmed in Japan. (NHK)
Volcanic eruption on Suwanosejima, Kagoshima Pref.
The Japan Meteorological Agency says a volcanic eruption occurred on Suwanosejima Island in the southwestern prefecture of Kagoshima at around 2:48 a.m. on Monday. (NHK)
Japan developing tracking system for travelers from overseas as anti-virus measure
Japan is developing a system aimed at keeping track of travelers from overseas as part of efforts to prevent the further spread of the coronavirus within its borders, a senior government official said Sunday. (Japan Today)
Transfusion blood shortage in metropolitan area
The spread of the new coronavirus is threatening the supply of blood for transfusions in the Tokyo Metropolitan area. (NHK)
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> > > 224 bits.
> > > coherent security argument for it.
> > instead of known but random values.
> unaware of any security analysis that relies on this property.
they cannot be from the PRNG that the pre_master_secret comes from.
> > entropy in the calculation is the pre_master_secret.
> > random number are not independent.
> suites, since the server doesn't contribute to the PMS at all.
machines tend to be both client and server at different times.
> information about the PRNG state in the random values.
compute power, all PRNG's are predictable.
> > potentially be exploited.
> fairly standard feature of cryptographic protocols.
makes it even easier to compromise.
> not dilute the existing entropy.
For SHA-256, I agree--or at least I can't dispute that at this time*.


text:
Home / News / Toyota Gazoo Racing Velocity Esports Championship in August/September
Toyota Gazoo Racing Velocity Esports Championship in August/September
By CARSIFU | 7 August 2019
SHAH ALAM: UMW Toyota Motor Sdn Bhd (UMWT) will be running the second season of the Toyota Gazoo Racing Velocity Esports Championship.
It is open to Malaysians aged 18 and above.
The racers will have to go through a time-trial phase at Cove Esports in Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya, Selangor on 31 August/1 September and 14/15 September.
The top 40 racers with the fastest lap times will then be eligible to enter the Grand Final.
The grand finals of the Esports Championship will be held at Pavilion Kuala Lumpur (Centre Court) on 21/22 September from 10am to 9pm.
From the top 40 qualifiers, one will be crowned as the champion for 2019.
This year, winners will share a bigger prize pool of RM70,000.
For the Esports Championship, Thrustmaster will supply its T-GT ultimate racing simulator for Gran Turismo Sport and also for future Gran Turismo games.
All participants will use the latest 2019 Toyota GR Supra, Toyota's flagship sportscar developed not only for the real motorsports but also for the competition in Gran Turismo Esport.
This year, they will be racing around the Fuji Speedway in Japan, the famous 1.475-km long circuit with one of the longest straights in the world.
The top 10 finalists will be competing on a 10 lap race on a best-of-three tracks which are Kyoto Driving Park, Suzuka Circuit as well as Fuji Speedway.
"Esports is a rapidly rising industry in Malaysia, as well as regionally and globally. It provides thrills and excitement of racing experience for the younger generation and Toyota's involvement in this activity complements the dynamic and sporty side of the brand through the Toyota GAZOO Racing banner," said Mr. Ravindran K., president of UMW Toyota Motor.
"We are very delighted with the overwhelming response from the public towards our very first Toyota Gazoo Racing Velocity Esports Championship last year, which was one of the largest Esports event in the country. We are confident that it will be more challenging this year, as more talented drivers would want to compete in the competition," he added.
Autos Toyota


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When the Brush Beetdiggers had chances to score multiple runs in an inning on Saturday, they were able to do, resulting in a 13-7 win over the Resurrection Christian Cougars.
In four of the seven innings they batted, Brush scored two or more runs. A couple of big scoring innings midway through the game put them in control of the game.
The first big offensive inning came in the third after Brush allowed three runs to the Cougars in the second. Three free passes loaded the bases with nobody out for the Beetdiggers. Ben Garrett drove in the first run of the game for the Beetdiggers with an RBI single. Gunnar Guzman reached first base on an error by the Cougars that led to the second run scoring in the inning and Hunter Ludgate drew a walk that tied the game at three.
Justin Griffith pitched a shutout inning in the bottom of the third, brining the red-hot offense back to the plate. Again the Beetdiggers got the bases loaded with nobody out to start the big inning. Carson Rule drove a pitch to the outfield for an RBI single and was followed by Garrett drawing a walk to bring in a run. Griffith ran home on a wild pitch for the third run of the inning and Ludgate drove in the final two runs with a two-run double to put the team up 8-3.
The 8-0 scoring advantage in those two innings ended up being the difference for the Beetdiggers to get their second win of the week. Both teams scored two runs in the sixth inning and Brush got the slim 3-2 advantage in the seventh to hold on for the win.
Griffith overcame some bumps on the mound in the second inning to get the win. In the five scoreless innings he threw for the Beetdiggers, he allowed one hit and two walks while also seeing a pair of double-plays turned from the defense behind him. A couple of errors in the sixth inning resulted in the two runs that scored for the Cougars. Rule came in to record the final two outs of the seventh inning for Brush to complete the win.
Many key players who have been absent for the Beetdiggers in recent weeks are expected to return this week. Brush, who improved to 2-5 with the win on Saturday, will open Patriot League play on Tuesday versus the Platte Valley Broncos at 4 p.m. at Sunset Park.


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We offer consistent support through assembly for drawings expansion, cutting (turret punch press processing, laser processing), bending, plate working, and painting.
We are able to handle various long and large materials, as well as special processing and assembly requests.
deep bending, round corner, R-bending, Z-bending, small edge bending, processing on curved face, closing bending and so on.
We are able to produce top quality products through finding the best solutions for previously difficult to process steel materials.


Growing up there were a lot of things that I wanted!
I had one of the very first pair of Nike Air Jordan's. Oh, I wish I still had them, because they would probably be worth well more than what my parents paid for them. I also had to have the newest pair of shoes that Andre Agassi wore when I was playing tennis. I liked material things. It is nice to be able to have something that you can hold in your hands, as opposed to an idea or concept.
This morning we begin a five-week journey in the sixth chapter of the gospel of John. We have heard the stories of the feeding of the five thousand and Jesus walking on water, and in the weeks ahead, we will encounter Jesus as the bread of life. I would like to take a different look at this chapter over the next several weeks and examine our own understandings of it as well as where we find ourselves in God's creation. In Jesus, we are blessed in ways that we have not fully come to comprehend.
From the outset, it appears that the concern is the material well being of the five thousand that have gathered to listen to the teaching of Jesus. Where ever Jesus and his disciples traveled, they were being followed, and as we heard last week from the gospel of Mark, it was hard for them to get even just a minute of leisure time.
The first story we heard this morning, the feeding of the five thousand, is the only story to appear in all four of the gospels. Unlike the synoptic gospels (which is Matthew, Mark, and Luke), Jesus in the Gospel of John is more assertive and proactive. He does not wait for the disciples to come to him and tell him that he should send the crowd away to find something to eat and place to stay for the night. In John, his first comments after seeing the crowd arrive and continue to grow, was where are we to buy bread for all these people to eat.
The crowd gathered does not appear to be concerned about what they are going to eat. They are there for Jesus and to hear what he has to say. They want to be able to catch a glimpse of him and go back to their villages and tell their neighbors about what they have seen and heard.
The disciples expose their doubt about being able to provide enough food to feed everyone that has made the trip to see Jesus. There is simply no way that they have enough money to buy bread to feed everyone. The disciples focus on simply the material needs of the crowd is reflected in our own living today.
As I shared with you at the beginning, I am not immune to the material things of the world. I will admit that every time I am eligible for a new cell phone on our plan I want to go out and see what the latest and greatest one is like and most likely purchase it. Sometimes the material goes much deeper than shiny new electronics!
Like the physical bread that Jesus wants everyone to have, we too have needs to ensure that we take care of our bodies that are created in the image of God. We must eat to be able to survive and have strength to go out and work in creation. We must have water to survive. There are the material things that simply make our lives better and allow us to do more things to help others.
However, we must be careful where we focus those desires, or we can easily get caught off guard and lose track of God. How many of you are on Facebook? Did you know that the church has a Facebook page? I would hope by now that you did. I posted a question out there for you earlier this week. The question was, "If you were to pay attention to your prayers, for which kind of blessings do you most often pray, material or spiritual?" There is no judgement in your answers from me. However, some would argue I was shallow if I said material while others would say I was pious if I said spiritual. I believe there is common ground to be found.
While Jesus may have started the conversation about how they were going to feed the five thousand with physical bread, he is truly going much deeper than that. He knows that the people have a hunger that food cannot fulfill. Their hunger resides in their desire to see and hear from Jesus. Others may just be gathered out of curiosity, but they are soon to get their fill on substance that they never even expected.
The disciples focus may have been on the material, but Jesus' focus was on the spiritual needs of the people. And of course, it is much better to pay attention when your stomach is not grumbling. This feeding of the five thousand is also one of the signs that Jesus uses to reveal who he is and ultimately who God is.
In the middle of the story, it could be easy to overlook the boy that is willing to share the bread and fish that he has. We don't know anything about this boy. The food that he offers up could be what is to feed his family over the next week. He unselfishly gives up the material, placing faith in Jesus that all will be well. It is in this faith that he not only leaves with a full stomach, but a spiritual wellness that he can now share with his family. Perhaps he even took part of the twelve baskets of leftovers home to feed his family for several weeks. We are not told what happens to these baskets.
Jesus does not hold back. He provides abundantly for those that are gathered at the table. He nourishes both physically and spiritually in the bread and the wine. Through Jesus we receive the grace and the love of God is revealed for us.
Jesus can provide our material needs, and we can pray for those things that sustain our well-being and our families. Praying for a Ferrari maybe a stretch! What Jesus reveals for the disciples is what is revealed for us today. Jesus reveals that God's essential character is loving and God's desire is to be accessible and available to the people of God. It is hard to quantify this and thus hard to comprehend.
In all honesty, it may not be what we want in this moment – so convinced are we that material possessions will make us happy – but it is what we need. In our brokenness and faults, Jesus provides regardless, and his love is revealed in the bread of life that we encounter in the eucharist.
Let us pray. God, you know what we need before we even ask for it. May we place our trust in your saving grace as we repent of our sins and reveal our brokenness. For it is through your grace that we are welcomed at your table. Amen.
Welcome to Your Deserted Place!


The Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP) at the University of Minnesota has been selected to work closely with the World Health Organization (WHO) to develop research and development (R&D) roadmaps for the creation of medical countermeasures targeting Ebola/Marburg, Nipah, and Lassa viruses.
The project is being led by University of Minnesota School of Public Health Regents Professor and CIDRAP Director Dr. Michael Osterholm.
Lassa fever is spread through rats and is found mostly in West Africa. Each year, the virus infects 100,000 to 300,000 persons and approximately 5,000 die. Nipah virus is found predominantly in the Asia-Pacific region and is spread through contact with bats or infected pigs and can also be spread person-to-person. The case-fatality rate for Nipah virus infection generally ranges from 40 percent to 70 percent. Marburg virus is a close relative of Ebola virus with similar symptoms and, like Ebola, is found mainly in sub-Saharan Africa.
The work to combat the diseases is part of the WHO's A Research & Development (R&D) Blueprint for Action to Prevent Epidemics, a global strategy and preparedness plan developed following the Ebola epidemic in West Africa that allows for the activation of R&D activities in advance of and during epidemics.
Creating the roadmaps involves several steps, including research, a gap analysis, and consulting with international experts. Each roadmap will provide a framework that identifies the vision, strategic goals, and priority areas for accelerated R&D needed for disease prevention and control. The goal of each roadmap is to promote development and evaluation of medical countermeasures — diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines — for the pathogen.
"R&D roadmaps are essential to give destination to the global community and to guarantee coordinated action," said Dr. Marie-Pierre Preziosi, who leads the Blueprint roadmap work at the WHO.
This work is being funded through support from Wellcome Trust, a global charitable foundation with an interest in public health.
The roadmaps are expected to be completed by summer 2018.
October 25, 2017 "Washington Awarded $3.75 Million to Establish New Center for Musculoskeletal Research" October 25, 2017 "Iowa Faculty Honored with Iowa Cancer Champion Award"


My original plan for this top was just going to be a comfortable and warm hoodie, but it kind of evolved as I was making it. I started by cutting around an old favourite hoodie that I have just about worn to death. It is tired, pilled, faded but oh, so comfy. The shape started as just a normal sweatshirt, however on trying it on, it just looked blah. Plus I didn't have any ribbing or enough fabric for the hood, so really my plan was doomed from the start.
Firstly, I cut the neck wider and deeper and finished the cuffs. But the length was still meh and felt really unflattering. Having seen so many of the Megan Nielsen Briars online I thought I would try a similar hemline to see how it looked. Normally I do not like a high-low hem at all, so I am not sure kind of madness made me cut into my fabric without thinking! However, I love my new snuggly sweater!!
Since finishing it I have been wearing it to death. I really like it over the top of my Tiramisu dress but it also works over a long top with jeans.
The colour is a light aubergine, not one I would normally wear, but it feels really appropriate for winter. I only seem to wear it with black but that is the majoirty of my winter wardrobe anyway. What other colours would this go with do you think?
Sorry for the frowning, our sun is super bright!
Construction-wise there is nothing fancy, I sewed all the pieces together with my overlocker only, and then finished the hems and neck by simply turning them under once and finishing with a twin-needle. It came together in about an hour even with all the hacking!
Have you ever started something and then just hacked it to get a result quite different from the original?
Really cute! This looks so cozy and nice! Hmmm, I would wear this with grey or cream, but I guess I'm not very adventurous, ha!
Ohh luscious, delicious merino! 🙂 I love the aubergine, it's a great tone against the black, gives it a lift, might look good with the right toned brown too? I also like the subtle high-low hem.
What a great top, it fit is perfect. I agreed I haven't been a fan of the curved hemline but I really like on your top. Such a yummy colour too, what about wearing it with a raspberry colour?


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Political War: Candidates Fight For Troop Votes, Highlight Military Experience
FORT BRAGG, NC - As the 2012 Presidential election race heats up, both candidates have engaged in a political firefight for the votes of military service-members and veterans.
While President Obama and former Governor Mitt Romney regularly wear flag lapel pins, they are also trying to differentiate themselves to appeal to potential supporters in uniform.
President Obama hopes to capitalize on his experiences as commander-in-chief. In fact, political operatives within the Democratic National Committee announced that Fort Bragg Army base would be host to their upcoming convention.
A DNC spokesman cited budget concerns as the primary reason for the short move away from Charlotte, NC.
"Unfortunately the DNC has a 26 million dollar fundraising shortfall," said Brad Woodhouse. "But we feel it is also a great way to be closer to our troops and save some money by holding it at Fort Bragg's Pike Field."
David Axelrod, the President's campaign advisor, was skeptical of the venue change due to the President's lack of military credentials.
The commander-in-chief, however, calmed his fears by reminding him of "his 'gutsy call' to nab bin Laden, the recent killing of three Taliban fighters in Afghanistan, and frequent military-like salutes to Marines after he departs from his helicopter."
"Not to mention his occasional Saddam Hussein-esque firing of a rifle from the White House balcony," Axelrod added.
The move comes as both candidates seek the approval of the nation's uniformed men and women in an election where neither candidate has prior military experience.
The Romney campaign blasted the use of a military base for political purposes as unconstitutional, while also talking about their candidate's service in uniform.
"Mitt Romney has selflessly served our nation since April 1965 when he enlisted in the elite ranks of the Selective Service," said campaign manager Matt Rhoades. "Furthermore, while deployed on missions to France in the seventies, he fought tirelessly against communist aggression in Vietnam."
Rhoades also added that Romney ate "a ton of freedom fries to show his support for the troops during the Iraq war."
Despite objections from the right, the Democratic National Convention activities will include a demonstration by
Rendering of the 'Cool Guys Don't Look At Explosions' campaign ad that the DNC hopes to achieve
the U.S. Army parachute team, a military parade with pass-in-review of the President, and a special trip out to a demolitions range.
"We don't need to do polling to know the American people love to see big-ass explosions," said Axelrod. "So for the big finale, we're going to have the President set some C-4 out on a building and slowly walk away as it explodes. The photos are going to be phenomenal!"
The Republican National Convention, held at the Tampa Bay Times Forum, will also feature Mitt Romney rappelling into the arena and onto the stage, where it is rumored he'll perform "America, Fuck Yeah!" as troops from the nearby MacDill Air Force base dance in the background.
Duffel Blog investigative journalist Paul also contributed to this report.


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OpEdNews Op Eds 4/8/2016 at 1:31 PM EDT H3'ed 4/8/16
Iran and Russia join the global alliance to preserve Syria's Endangered Heritage
By Franklin P. Lamb (Page 1 of 2 pages) No comments
Iran and Russia join the global alliance to preserve
Syria's Endangered Heritage
Franklin Lamb
The Islamic Republic of Iran announced this week that it is ready to take part in the restoration of archeological monuments damaged or destroyed by ISIS terrorists in Palmyra (Tadmor), which was named one of the six UN World Heritage Sites in Syria in 1980.
The Head of Iran's Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization, Masoud Soltanifar stressed his country's readiness to participate in the process of restoring and rehabilitating the archeological and cultural sites that were demolished by the terrorists in Syria, particularly those in Palmyra. The Iranian ISNA News Agency quoted Soltanifar as saying in a letter he sent this week to Director-General of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Irina Bokova that Iran is ready to join in conserving and restoring both movable and immovable endangered Syrian cultural heritage archeological sites because they are part of the global heritage of all of us. On March 27, Dr. Mammoun Abdel-Karim, Director General of Antiquities and Museums (DGAM) concurred and described a preliminary vision for a rehabilitation plan to restore the glory of Palmyra.
Perhaps ironically, the Iranians want to restore, first among other damaged sites, the 2000 year old Arc de Triomphe which was erected to commemorate the victory of the Romans over Iran's ancestors after the Roman legions drove the Persian out. Iran's commitment letter added that "Given the Islamic Republic of Iran's responsibility with endangered Syrian cultural heritage, [Tehran's] Cultural Heritage organization stresses its readiness to protect, restore and repair cultural heritage in Syria, especially in Palmyra." The letter was addressed to UNESCO Director-General Irina Bukova and arrived a day after the head of an Iranian parliamentary delegation visiting Damascus announced that Tehran had "already started developing a program for the reconstruction" of Syria.
Nearly simultaneously with this much welcomed Iranian initiative, on March 31, 2016 the Russians suddenly pledged to join other nations to preserve our shared global cultural heritage in Syria. Ambassador Vitaly Churkin, Russia's envoy to the United Nations, sent a letter to the UN Security, asking that it be widely distributed, and pledged that Russia will combat named dealers and shippers who are alleged to be facilitating the trade of looted antiquities from ISIS-controlled territory in Syria.
According to culture heritage lawyer Rick St. Hilaire, the communication caught the attention of cultural property watchers, the media, as well as the government of Turkey because of the strong language Russia's ambassador used.
Wrote the Russian Ambassador to the UN Security Council: "Around 100,000 cultural objects of global importance, including 4,500 archaeological sites, nine of which are included in the World Heritage List of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), are under the control of the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) in Syria and Iraq. The profit derived by the Islamists from the illicit trade in antiquities and archaeological treasures is estimated at US$ 150-200 million per year."
As this observer has written more than once recently, there is little material or probative evidence supporting such a dramatically high and unverified Russian estimate of ISIS profits from looting and flogging Syria's and our cultural heritage. A more realistic number is around two million dollars per month, according to Syrian and UNESCO sources.
However, Mr. Churkin does accurately claim that "individuals in possession of a written permit stamped by this 'department' are permitted by the Islamists to carry out excavations and to remove and transport excavated items." UNESCO, and the governments of Syria and the United States have expressed the same opinion.
The Russians imply that their agents have been investigating what looters of Syrians antiquities do with them after excavations and offer specificity:
"It has been observed that new offices for the purchase of antiquities have opened on the Turkish-Syrian border in the administrative district of Akçakale
(640 km south-east of Ankara, Şanlıurfa Province). Ismet Eren, the owner of an antique shop at 24 Karanfil Street in the town of Kilis, is involved in the illicit trade. Bulky goods are delivered by the Turkish transport companies Şenocak Nakliyat, Devran Nakliyat, Karahan Nakliyat and Egemen Nakliyat. Smuggled artefacts (jewellery, coins, etc.) then arrive in the Turkish cities of Izmir, Mersin and Antalya, where representatives of international criminal groups produce fake documents on the origin (ed: provenance) of the antiquities."
Next Page 1 | 2
Franklin P. Lamb Social Media Pages:
Since 2013, Professor Franklin P. Lamb has traveled extensively throughout Syria. His primary focus has been to document, photograph, research and hopefully help preserve the vast and irreplaceable archaeological sites and artifacts in (more...)
Related Topic(s): Heritage Foundation; Russia - Syria Treaty; Syria, Add Tags
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Joe Trippi, pioneering Internet campaign manager of Howard Dean, digital campaign consultant


Rsn: Pete_G1 Discord Username: TheMedic#1337 How much time do you spend on OSRS on a weekly basis?: 18 Hours, give or take. Which bossing team would you like to join? Chambers of Xeric, primarily, but I meet the requirements for the other teams. Bonus: Do you have a crystal halberd? No, I'm lazy about dairies, but I can go get it done if need be.
Hey, Can you confirm you're running the latest version, 0.10.1?
Whenever I login through the mobile app after I enter my password I am given an error: "The details you have supplied are incorrect." Despite them being correct. I can login fine through my browser on phone and desktop, yet the app gives me an error.
No problem. I'm going to take a look at the graphs on mobile browser after the app is released to ensure users not using the app still have a great experience - but the app is currently our priority. Let me know what you think!
Hi James! Thanks for the quick reply! Ooooo I had no idea there was an app! Fantastic! My query was relating to mobile browsers however I will most definitely be checking out the app now! Thanks!
How will the Grand Exchange Tax effect OSRS?
How will the Grand Exchange Tax effect OSRS? Whats up everyone, today I wanted to talk about the effect that a Grand Exchange tax would have on OSRS. Jagex mentioned somewhat recently on a livestream about how a 1% GE tax would be the largest gold sink that OSRS has ever seen, bigger than the staking tax that is currently in place. Considering its potential as a strong gold sink for the game, i'm afraid Jagex might actually add this tax. Personally, i'm not the biggest fan of adding a 1% tax to every buy/sell offer on the Grand Exchange. Here are some things that would happen if a 1% tax was added: -Less items traded on the grand exchange (1% tax deters people from using the grand exchange as often, even if its only a small amount of peope). This drags down items traded per hour. -Margins for items will increase. Why? Since people now will have to pay a 1% tax on the trade, margins will set to automatically cover this tax overtime. While this will make margins bigger, it will not lead to more profits. -More scamming. If a tax was added, players would seek to trade with one another to achieve the best deal possible on an item. Because of this, there will be actual incentive to trade with random players, leading to possible scams. If a GE tax is added, I wouldn't be surprised to see more scamming occuring. I made a video explaining my viewpoints in further detail if you'd like to take a look: What do you guys think about Jagex statement towards implementing a GE tax? Do you think it would ever even pass a poll? Would be curious as to what other flippers/merchers think about this one.
I don't see a Cancel Subscription tab? I know it's been taking out of my bank account every month so it is in fact a subscription.
Rsn: Peteus Discord Username: Peteus How much time do you spend on OSRS on a weekly basis?: Very easily over 20h+ Which bossing team would you like to join? Mostly raiding, already very familiar with it but Bandos/Corp is always a fun time. Bonus: Do you have a crystal halberd? Yes fully geared for any piece of content.
Hey everyone, if you haven't seen flippingoldschool's flip farm video give it a quick watch. It will help with understanding what I'm asking. So after watching that video video you have a general idea. I have created an excel sheet. On this sheet I am trying to figure out how many of what items I should buy on each account to use my money efficiently. The info i know is 10m start cash 20 available f2p account looking to buy items in 12 hour increments. Meaning there is 3 times the ge will reset to get a new buying limit. Also there are 6-8 items available each having a different price between 2 and 10 gp I am sure im not explaining this well enough. Please ask any questions if you need clarification anyone know of a better place to post this where it might get scene by the right person and/or more people in general??
Hi, I am a premium member, however I can't see any of my GE transactions. Is this because my email I used for this website is different then my email for my runescape name?
Every time I check set desktop notifications to on in the account settings and hit save, it simply goes back to being unchecked. Is there an issue on my end? Thanks!
Can we get this site working again?
Hello, I can understand the frustration you may be feeling after just subscribing to our site. Ge Tracker is run by using OSBuddys API, and on very rare occasions, their api does go offline. Normally this is resolved fairly quite. However, on even rarer occasions, it may last for a few hours. This occurs so infrequently, I believe the last time this has happened was possibly 3-4 months ago. I do apologize for the inconvenience, but you can always find the status of the API right in your dashboard.
I haven't been able to get ANY reliable info for the better half of the day which is kind of disappointing considering I paid for the service.
I paid for Premium and forgot to put my code in the note.
Hello! It is apparent that I signed on for premium too early this morning (out here in Denver, it is still only 8:30 AM). I sent money to GE Tracker LTD from my paypal. Enough for 6 months of premium. I forgot to slip my code into the notes and now I am without my money and without premium. If someone could teach me how to sort this out, or if a mod would be so kind as to reach out, I'd greatly appreciate it. Thanks, MrLambs.


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Follistatin 1mg 95% Purity Follistatin also is known as activin-binding protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FST gene. Follistatin is an autocrine glycoprotein that is expressed in nearly all tissues of higher animals. Its primary function is the binding and biol neutralisation of members of the TGF-β superfamily, with a particular focus on activin, a paracrine hormone. An earlier name for the same protein was FSH-suppressing protein (FSP). At the time of its initial isolation from the follicular fluid, it was found to inhibit the anterior pituitary secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
ModelFollistatin 1mg 95% Purity
Weight0.00g
Molecular FormulaFollistatin 1.mg 95% Purity
UPCF95-022
Research use onlyYes
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text:
Q: Firebase onDisconnect re-connection My question is whether a successful onDisconnect function gets executed by the server even after the client reconnects before the server detects that client got disconnected?
For example- say my onDisconnect function is to remove the node a/b. I disconnect and reconnect again to see a/b present (as the server still hasn't detected that I have disconnected). So now does node a/b be removed as I had asked for when I had disconnected the last time, even though I am connected now?

A: If the websocket managed by the SDK gets disconnected for whatever reason, and the SDK manages to reconnect, I would expect that reconnection not to cancel the pending onDisconnect waiting on the server.  It will eventually make the change you requested even if your client app manages to reconnect before the server sees the original connection is broken.  Or in other words, each connected socket has its own onDisconnect on the server - they are not shared or merged in any way.