In addition to the described somatic symptoms, problems related to urinary iodine excretion have a psychological impact and substantially reduce patients' quality of life (QoL). They often experience discomfort, low self-esteem, mood deterioration, and the feeling of helplessness. There is a decline in quality of their personal, social, and professional life. Due to the fear of others finding out about their unfortunate condition, patients are forced to change their lifestyle, which, in turn, has a negative impact on socializing, and contributes to alienation, social isolation, changes in sexual activity, and even depression or anxiety disorder.4–8 Therefore, while assessing the effectiveness of various treatments for UI, it is essential to take into consideration the lifestyle factor, which is defined as physical, mental, and social well-being.
The first and primary criterion of the review was the use of pelvic floor exercises in the treatment of UI. Then, the studies were selected based on the impact of PFMT on the QoL of women with UI. The exclusion of studies with biofeedback, electrostimulation, surgical and medical treatments was the final criterion. Quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Jadad scale. Figure 1 shows a detailed flowchart of search and exclusion strategy.
Figure 1 Flowchart demonstrating the process of selecting studies.
The following data were collected from the selected studies: author name, year of publication, participants (number and age), types of UI, treatment duration, treatment type, objectivization methods of treatment outcomes, main conclusions, and the statistical analysis used. Three authors performed independent data extraction in electronic databases (AS, PubMed; MWR, Embase; and HS, Cochrane Library). One researcher collected data and conducted the data selection process (AS). Moreover, the methodological quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Jadad scale. The Jadad score is often used to assess the methodological quality of controlled trials. Studies are scored according to the presence of 3 key methodological features of clinical trials: randomization, masking, and accountability of all patients, including withdrawals. One point is added for an affirmative answer ("yes") to each of the first 5 items, while 1 point is subtracted for an affirmative answer ("yes") from either of the last 2 items, for an overall score from 0 to 5.11 The systematic analysis includes only clinical studies with a score of 3 or higher in the Jadad scale. Two authors (AS and MWR) individually assessed the methodological quality of the collected research using the Jadad scale.
Electronic medical databases were searched in November 2017. The search retrieved 3,680 results: a total of 464 in the Cochrane Library, 3,016 in Embase, and 208 in PubMed. The studies were selected using a very detailed flowchart (Figure 1). Twenty-four articles were included in the final review (Table 1). There were between 30 and 446 women (a total of 2,394 patients), aged 40–85 years old in each study group. The Jadad scale showed that 19 research findings were randomized and additionally 5 of them were blinded.
Abbreviations: BFLUTS, Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Questionnaire; BT, bladder training; Contr, contractions; CG, control group; EG, experimental group; EMG, electromyography; HRQoL, Health-Related Quality of Life; ICIQ, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire; ICIQ LUTSqol, International Consultation Incontinence Questionnaire Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms quality of life; ICIQ-SF, International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form; IIQ, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire; IQoL, Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire; KHQ, King's Health Questionnaire; MUI, mixed urinary incontinence; PFDI, pelvic floor distress inventory; PFDI, Ditrovie Scale, Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory; PFIQ, pelvic floor impact questionnaire; PFMT, pelvic floor muscle training; PFM, pelvic floor muscle; QoL, quality of Life; QoLS-N, Norwegian version of the Quality of Life Scale; QUID, Questionnaire for Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis; SII, Symptom Impact Index; SUI, stress urinary incontinence; TrA, abdominal muscle training; TUG, time up and go test; UD, ultrasound; UDI, urogenital distress inventory; UI, urinary incontinence; UIQ, urinary impact questionnaire; US, urinary symptoms; UUI, urge urinary incontinence; VAS, visual analog scale; VG, vaginal cones.
The following diagnostic tests were used in the research studies: the number of UI episodes and the pad test and urinary diary. Pelvic floor muscle strength and function were checked during palpitation, Valsalva maneuver, perinometry, and ultrasound and electromyographic investigation. Rankin Scale, Mini Mental State Examination, Visual Analog Scale, and Time Up and Go test were also used. Patients' QoL before and after the treatment, assessed during each exam, were the study inclusion criteria. The following questionnaires were used in the QoL assessment: King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ), Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ), Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI), QoL Scale (QoLS), Incontinence QoL (IQoL) questionnaire, Bristol Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (BFLUTS) questionnaire, Health-Related Quality of Life, ICI Modular Questionnaire (ICIQ, ICIQ-UISF; short form; ICIQ-LUTSqol; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms QoL), Ditrovie Scale, Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI), Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ), and Symptom Impact Index (SII). Psychometric qualities, accuracy, and credibility of all the questionnaires were confirmed clinically.
In 5 out of 24 studies, the QoL was evaluated by the use of IIQ.15,19,20,21,27 This questionnaire was used in 2 versions: the full version – IIQ and the abbreviated one IIQ-7. In 3 out of 24 studies, the full version of the questionnaire was used,15,19,20 while in 2 out of 24 tests, a short form – IIQ-7 was used.21,27 The IIQ was designed by Shumaker et al38 to assess the impact of UI on activities and emotions in women. Thirty self-administered questions cover 4 domains: physical activity, social relationships, traveling, and emotional health.
The studies compared supervised and unsupervised PFMT, group and individual training, PFMT and bladder training (also with the use of vaginal cones), as well as training groups and a control group (no therapy). Treatment duration was between 6 and 42 weeks; a majority of the therapy sessions were held 1–3 times per week, and lasted 45 minutes each.
A PFM training group and a control group (no training) were compared in 5 out of the 24 studies which qualified for the analysis (223 patients).14,17,26,30,33 In all referenced studies, statistically significant improvement in the QoL in the PFMT group was observed compared with the control group.
In 5 out of the 24 studies (a total of 253 women) qualified for the analysis, a PFM training group was divided into a supervised PFMT group and a control (home-exercise) group. Fan et al21 study results showed a significant improvement of the UDI total result (p<0.01) and the IIQ (p<0.01) in the experimental group compared with the control group after a 6-week training program. Whereas Ferreira et al23 showed that 6 months following the treatment, the QoL improved in both groups. However, the outcome was better in women in the supervised PFMT group than in women who exercised at home (p=0.04). Similar study results were obtained by Sherburn et al34 and Jahromi et al.26 Felicissimo et al22 showed there were no differences between the supervised group and the home-exercise group, with regard to the QoL (p=0.76). The study authors concluded that both supervised PFMT and unsupervised PFMT are effective in UI treatment, if a proper training session is provided.
The effectiveness of group and individual training was compared in 2 out of the 24 selected studies (104 patients).18,19 No significant differences were found between both studies in terms of group and individual training effectiveness.
In 8 out of the 24 selected studies, the effectiveness of PFMT was compared with other methods. In studies conducted by Pereira et al,31 a group of 45 women was divided into 3 distinct groups – a vaginal cone group (VG), a PFMT group, and a control group (no therapy). After 6 weeks of therapy, a significant improvement (p<0.01) in terms of QoL was observed in both the VG group and the PFMT group, compared with the control group. The following 2 studies (186 women) compared abdominal muscle training (TrA) to PFMT monotherapy. Konstantinidou et al29 found that improvement in QoL was observed in both groups, and no significant differences were found between them. Whereas, Ptak et al32 observed better results in the combined therapy group (TrA+PFMT).
In 2 out of the 24 selected studies (790 women), QoL was evaluated after PFMT, pessary therapy, and combined therapy (PFMT+pessary therapy).16,28 After a 3-month treatment, a statistically significant improvement in QoL (p<0.01) for all women was observed in both studies, and no significant differences were observed between the groups.
In 3 out of the 24 selected studies (505 women), patients received PFMT monotherapy and there was no control group.13,21,24 Each study showed a statistically significant improvement in QoL after PFMT.
The limitation of this analysis is primarily the methodical variability in the analyzed studies. The search criteria should be narrowed further, taking into account the methodological homogeneity of the conducted therapy.
The results of this literature review demonstrate that PFMT is an effective treatment for UI in women. PFMT appears to be an effective non-surgical intervention, particularly for women with SUI. It could also be recommended as the first-line conservative treatment for elderly women. PFMT significantly improves the QoL of women with UI, which is an important determinant of their physical, mental, and social functioning. The duration of PFMT should not be shorter than 6 weeks. It is advised to provide supervised PFMT. PFMT can be used either as a monotherapy or as a combined therapy for the treatment of UI in women. The KHQ is useful for following up on the QoL of women with UI in many different clinical settings and in controlled clinical trials.
All authors contributed toward data analysis, drafting and critically revising the paper, gave final approval of the version to be published, and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
The Global Forum on Incontinence. About incontinence. Available from: http://www.gfiforum.com/incontinence. Accessed January 15, 2018.
Abrams P, Cardozo L, Wagg A, Wein A. Incontinence, 6th edition 2017. 6th International Consultation on Incontinence, Tokyo, September, s. 22, 87–88.
Edwall L, Carlstrom K, Jonasson AF. Different estrogen sensitivity of urogenital tissue from women with and without stress urinary incontinence. Neurourol Urodyn. 2009;28:516–520.
Melville JL, Fan MY, Rau H, Nygaard IE, Katon WJ. Major depression and urinary incontinence in women: temporal associations in an epidemiologic sample. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;201(5):490–497.
van der Vaart CH, Roovers JP, de Leeuw JR, Heintz AP. Association between urogenital symptoms and depression in community-dwelling women aged 20 to 70 years. Urology. 2007;69(4):691–696.
Felde G, Bjelland I, Hunskaar S. Anxiety and depression associated with incontinence in middle-aged women: a large Norwegian crosssectional study. Int Urogynecol J. 2012;23(3):299–306.
Tettamanti G, Altman D, Iliadou AN, Bellocco R, Pedersen NL. Depression, neuroticism, and urinary incontinence in premenopausal women: a nationwide twin study. Twin Res Hum Genet. 2013;16(5):977–984.
Farage MA, Miller KW, Berardesca E, Maibach HI. Psychosocial and societal burden of incontinence in the aged population: a review. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2008;277(4):285–290.
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Aslan E, Komurcu N, Beji NK, Yalcin O. Bladder training and Kegel exercises for women with urinary complaints living in a rest home. Gerontology. 2008;54(4):224–231.
Balmforth JR, Mantle J, Bidmead J, Cardozo L. A prospective observational trial of pelvic floor muscle training for female stress urinary incontinence. BJU Int. 2006;98(4):811–817.
Bø K, Talseth T, Vinsnes A. Randomized controlled trial on the effect of pelvic floor muscle training on quality of life and sexual problems in genuine stress incontinent women. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2000;79(7):598–603.
Borello-France DF, Zyczynski HM, Downey PA, Rause CR, Wister JA. Effect of pelvic-floor muscle exercise position on continence and quality-of-life outcomes in women with stress urinary incontinence. Phys Ther. 2006;86(7):974–986.
Bradley CS, Rahn DD, Nygaard IE, et al. The questionnaire for urinary incontinence diagnosis (QUID): validity and responsiveness to change in women undergoing non-surgical therapies for treatment of stress predominant urinary incontinence. Neurourol Urodyn. 2010;29(5):727–734.
Carneiro EF, Araujo Ndos S, Beuttenmüll L, et al. The anatomical-functional characteristics of the pelvic floor and quality of life of women with stress urinary incontinence subjected to perineal exercises. Actas Urol Esp. 2010;34(9):788–793.
de Oliveira Camargo F, Rodrigues AM, et al. Pelvic floor muscle training in female stress urinary incontinence: comparison between group training and individual treatment using PERFECT assessment scheme. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009;20(12):1455–1462.
Demain S, Smith JD, Hiller L, Dziedzic K. Comparison of group and individual physiotherapy for female urinary incontinence in primary care: pilot study. Physiotherapy. 2001;87(5):235–242.
Dugan SA, Lavender MD, Hebert-Beirne J, Brubaker L. A pelvic floor fitness program for older women with urinary symptoms: a feasibility study. PMR. 2013;5(8):672–676.
Fan HL, Chan SS, Law TS, Cheung RY, Chung TK. Pelvic floor muscle training improves quality of life of women with urinary incontinence: a prospective study. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2013;53(3):298–304.
Felicíssimo MF, Carneiro MM, Saleme CS, Pinto RZ, da Fonseca AM, da Silva-Filho AL. Intensive supervised versus unsupervised pelvic floor muscle training for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence: a randomized comparative trial. Int Urogynecol J. 2010;21(7):835–840.
Ferreira M, Santos PC. Impact of exercise programs in woman's quality of life with stress urinary incontinence. Rev Port Saude Publica. 2012;3(1):3–10.
Fitz FF, Costa TF, Yamamoto DM, et al. [Impact of pelvic floor muscle training on the quality of life in women with urinary incontinence]. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2012;58(2):155–159. Portuguese.
Hung HC, Hsiao SM, Chih SY, Lin HH, Tsauo JY. An alternative intervention for urinary incontinence: retraining diaphragmatic, deep abdominal and pelvic floor muscle coordinated function. Man Ther. 2010;15(3):273–279.
Jahromi MK, Talebizadeh M, Mirzaei M. The effect of pelvic muscle exercises on urinary incontinency and self-esteem of elderly females with stress urinary incontinency. Glob J Health Sci. 2015;2(7):71–79.
Kaya S, Akbayrak T, Gursen C. Short-term effect of adding pelvic floor muscle training to bladder training for female urinary incontinence: a randomized controlled trial. Int Urogynecol J. 2015;26(2):285–293.
Kenton K, Barber M, Wang L, et al. Pelvic floor symptoms improve similarly after pessary and behavioral treatment for stress incontinence. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2012;18(2):118–121.
Konstantinidou E, Kalaitzi M, Mytilekas KV, Ioannides EI, Hatzichristou D, Apostolidis A. Does the type of physiotherapy affect the quality of life and clinical outcomes in female urinary incontinence? A comparative study of two physiotherapy schemes. Eur Urol Suppl. 2013;12(1):e733.
Nascimento-Correia G, Santos-Pereira V, Tahara N, Driusso P. [Effects of pelvic floor muscle training on quality of life of a group of women with urinary incontinence: randomized controlled trial]. Actas Urológicas Españolas (English Edition). 2012;36(4):216–221. Spanish.
Pereira VS, de Melo MV, Correia GN, Driusso P. Vaginal cone for postmenopausal women with stress urinary incontinence: randomized, controlled trial. Climacteric. 2012;15(1):45–51.
Ptak M, Brodowska A, Ciećwież S, Rotter I. Quality of life in women with stage 1 stress urinary incontinence after application of conservative treatment-A randomized trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017;14(6):577.
Sar D, Khorshid L. The effects of pelvic floor muscle training on stress and mixed urinary incontinence and quality of life. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2009;36(4):429–435.
Sherburn M, Bird M, Carey M, Bø K, Galea MP. Incontinence improves in older women after intensive pelvic floor muscle training: an assessor-blinded randomized controlled trial. Neurourol Urodyn. 2011;30(3):317–324.
Zanetti MR, Castro Rde A, Rotta AL, Santos PD, Sartori M, Girão MJ. Impact of supervised physiotherapeutic pelvic floor exercises for treating female stress urinary incontinence. Sao Paulo Med J. 2007;125(5):265–269.
Hebbar S, Pandey H, Chawla A. Understanding Kings Health Questionnaire (KHQ) in assessment of female urinary incontinence. Int J Res Med Sci. 2015;3:531–538.
Viktrup L, Summers KH, Dennett SL. Clinical practice guidelines for the initial management of urinary incontinence in women: a European-focused review. BJU Int. 2004;94(1):14–22.
Shumaker SA, Wyman JF, Uebersax JS, McClish D, Fantl JA, for the Continence Program in Women (CPW) Research Group. Health-related quality of life measures for women with urinary incontinence: the incontinence impact questionnaire and the urogenital distress inventory. Qual Life Res. 1994;3:291–306.
Tamanini JT, Dambros M, D'Ancona CA, Palma PC, Rodrigues-Netto N Jr Responsiveness to the Portuguese version of the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–Short Form (ICIQ-SF) after urinary stress incontinence surgery. Int Braz J Urol. 2005;31:482–489.
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Patrick DL, Martin ML, Bushnell DM, Yalcin I, Wagner TH, Buesching DP. Quality of life of women with urinary incontinence: further development of the incontinence quality of life instrument (I-QOL). Urology. 1999;53(1):71–76.
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Barber MD, Spino C, Janz NK, et al. The minimum important differences for the urinary scales of the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;200:580.
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All summer I have been dodging requests from the foursome to go and watch a Louisville Bats game (AAA team for the Cincinnati Reds). It isn't that I don't like baseball, because I do. We are a total baseball family. My parents have season tickets (3 row that is) for the Bats and have since the new stadium opened. In fact, that first year, I don't think my Dad missed a game. My Dad is kind of a baseball fanatic. Growing up, our summer vacation always included a stop at a minor league ballpark. I thought this was the norm…and now find myself thinking about doing the same thing with our kids. He doesn't just like watching the great American pastime…..he has also written about Babe Ruth and is an esteemed member of the Society for American Baseball Research. My older two play…one even made his all-start team. So, we get and like baseball.
What I don't get and don't like is when we go to this beautiful park (it's been called the best minor league park in the country) and I spend more time at the concession stand, the playground, the merry-go-round and the bathroom (hopefully not in that order!!). That is not baseball. That is not what I want to do when we go. I want to actually see the game. I want to see the big time pitcher on his way up to the majors who can throw over 100 mph. I want to see the centerfielder make a diving catch to end the inning and stop the winning run. Heck, I just want to know that the winning runner was on base!!! Is that too much to ask? Well, apparently for the last nearly 9 years, the answer to that question was YES! Expectations were wayyyyy off base.
That is until this past Labor Day Monday. We had a breakthrough. It started off as a breakdown…as in the kids finally broke me down and got me to agree to attend the last home game of the season on that Monday afternoon. Lucky for us, the temps dropped nearly 40 degrees from that Saturday and it was a chilly 65 out. Perfect if you ask me. We got there just 5 minutes late and lasted the ENTIRE game, including running the bases afterwards (which equaled standing in the line of anxious and tired kids that wrapped half way around the park to make that quick run). Not once did we stop at the playground nor the merry-go-round. We did get one snack and one potty break which was fine with me because the snack included beers for hubby and I. Totally bonus. Beer and baseball…is this real life??
After this amazing afternoon, I realized that we are quickly moving from the insanity of having a baby (or 2) anchoring us and determining our every move to this new and uncharted territory of freedom. If can call having four kids between the ages of 3.5-9yrs freedom. I guess it is all relative, right? The realization just hit me….and opened up so many more doors and possibilities. What's next?! A cross country trip? Maybe we should start with baby steps and see how a Bellarmine soccer game works out before we make our flight reservations.
Previous Spend the weekend with…Katie Herzig! Next when bad things happen….
I think your next step is a trip to Kansas!!!
Sounds like you are ready to take a trip out to Colorado to teach the kids how to ski :).


Publishers pay columnists by the hour, by the word and by the column.
2 How Much Do You Get Paid for Drawing Cartoons?
3 How Much Money Do Magazine Writers Make?
Though they fall within the fairly broad category of journalists, columnists do more than just report the news. Instead, they interpret current events and offer their own personal take on them. Publishers, newspapers and other periodicals pay columnists specifically for their opinions. Wages vary by column and columnist.
In 2012, reporters and correspondents earned an average of $45,120 a year, or $21.69 an hour, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. The top 10 percent of earners made more than $78,530 a year, while the bottom 10 percent earned less than $20,770 a year. But these figures include the salaries of reporters and correspondents in radio and television, as well as those for newspapers and periodicals, skewing the numbers.
While local newspaper columnists can earn anywhere from $25 to $35 an hour, the average is closer to $30 an hour, or $62,400 a year, according to Writer's Market. Columnists with syndicated columns are paid much differently, earning a rate per insertion, which basically means they earn a fee for each newspaper that prints their column within its pages. Rates range between $4 and $35 per insertion, with an average of $8 per insertion.
Columnists writing feature columns earn different rates, as well. Rather than an hourly fee, publishers pay either by project or by word. Project rates range from as low as $75 to as high as $1,000, but the average is closer to $338 per article. Word rates start out at 10 cents per word and go up to $1.50 per word, with an average of 54 cents per word. For a 1,000-word article, you're looking at a an average of $540.
The BLS expects employment for reporters and correspondents to decline by as much as 8 percent through 2020. This is moving in an entirely different direction than the national average for all U.S. occupations, an estimated growth rate of 14 percent. The 8 percent decline equates to the loss of almost 4,000 jobs, so competition should remain strong for available positions.
Writer's Market: How Much Should I Charge?
Severson, Dana. "Wages for Columnists." Work - Chron.com, http://work.chron.com/wages-columnists-22493.html. Accessed 21 April 2019.


Take your rifle to the Next Level with the NLX 556 ambi charging handle. Whether you shoot with gloves or shoot competition, the industry best ambi charge handle design will upgrade your rifle's performance.
The design was brought to life from wearing gloves and needing more scope clearance while hunting in cold weather conditions. Manufactured from 7075 aluminum with larger, more aggressive "ears" and fewer moving parts than other designs, our charge handles are among the best ambi charge handles on the market.


"Evolving Meal Occasions", report explores how meal occasions are evolving, what the opportunities are, and how food and beverage brands and manufacturers can capitalize on them.
Food consumption is no longer confined to three meals a day, as changing family structures, busier lifestyles and health concerns affect when - and what - consumers choose to eat throughout the day.
- The traditional three-square-meals-a-day routine is becoming less relevant to modern lifestyles.
- Breakfast is most likely to be skipped or rushed, while consumers tend to spend longer over their evening meals.
- Wider access to convenient foods and services is influencing what and where consumers eat.
- Gain insight into the key drivers impacting meal consumption habits throughout the day.
- Understand what motivates consumption choices at different times of day.
- Identify five key trends in evolving meal occasions and understand the innovation implications.
- Explore how food and drink brands and innovators can respond to the evolving needs of consumers at meal times.


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Takeaway: Many yogis believe that meat can weigh you down - both physically and emotionally - and opt to power their practice with plant-based foods.
Vegetarianism has deep roots in yoga. First of course, are yoga's origins in India, which has a long-standing tradition of vegetarianism among many of its people. Several of yoga's core teachings, most notably ahimsa, or non-violence, also espouse a plant-based diet. Despite this, vegetarianism has become a bit of a controversial topic in yoga (at least in the Western world). While traditionalist yogis believe yoga's teachings point to a meatless path, others believe that meat provides their bodies with the energy and vitality that helps grow their practice.
Your yoga practice is not only about the time spent on the mat. The true purpose is to take away a sense of connection, peace and oneness. So it's worth asking: How does your diet play a role in this equation? Here are some reasons why many yogis choose to power their practice with plants.
Some would argue that at the very core of your health and happiness is the food you eat. Yoga teaches that we are the result of body, mind and spirit uniting. The health of the body cannot be separated from the mind and, obviously, the foods we eat impact our bodies. Food literally keeps us moving, allows us to think and feel, and helps us connect to our family and friends. Plus, the things you choose to put directly into your body say a lot about your beliefs.
Many choose to practice vegetarianism primarily to help improve their health, perhaps in addition to other spiritual or emotional reasons. Vegetarianism has been linked to a healthier body weight and the consumption of healthy vegetarian foods has been shown to lower the risk of a number of diseases, such as heart disease and cancer. In addition, diets based around plants, such as the Mediterranean diet, are tied to longevity and better mental health.
In yoga practice, pranayama and meditation require focus and energy. You have to show up, do the work and return day after day. That's hard to do when you're tired, weighed down and uncomfortable! (Read more in The Practice of Pranayama.) According to Ayurveda, food plays an important role in how we feel, which affects the energy we carry around, the mindset we live with and the impact we can have on the world.
Ayurveda describes the various effects of different foods on the body and mind using three qualities: sattva, rajas and tamas. Heavier foods, including meat, create tamas, which is low energy, lethargy or sluggishness. On the other hand, foods that come directly from the earth, sattvic foods, create more energy, overall positivity and lightness.
Want to feel happier, peaceful and more harmonious? Putting off self-pleasure and doing things for the greater good has important benefits for your mood. A vegetarian diet means good karma and the avoidance of guilt, pain and suffering.
Choosing to abstain from animal foods and sourcing sustainable plant-foods instead offers you numerous perks: your physical health can improve, you can gain confidence in your yoga abilities, you'll be supporting people around the world who work hard to bring you nutrient-rich foods, and you'll feel a sense of pride for sacrificing in order to spare the lives of animals. Eating meat can result in the opposite feelings: disconnection, shame or guilt over the lives that these animals had, low energy and a sense of being blocked from going deeper into your practice.
Food, like yoga, is just another way that you can tune in to and connect with your body. It might seem hard to change your eating habits at first, but the deeper you can go into your yoga practice, the easier it becomes as you increase your self-awareness. You'll notice more easily when your body doesn't respond well to certain foods such as processed, packaged snacks and heavy animal products. At the same time, you'll gain clarity about which situations in life make you unhappy, giving you the power to change them.
What do I eat before yoga asana?


text:
The [email protected]: Platinum Stars › Features
Branching Path: Project Inter-Media @rtists & Specialists
by Josh Torres on 04 August, 2016
We all have favorite characters in games, movies, novels, and all other types of media. There is something about those particular set of characters we find appealing and attractive. It could be their design, their personality, and/or their struggles, along with a plethora of other factors. RPGs, for example, lend themselves to loyal followings for their characters because players spend so much time watching their cherished individuals develop over the course of the game.
Therefore, it is no surprise the gradual rise of the idol phenomenon in Japan has spread worldwide. Built upon the foundations of spreading hopes and dreams on a superficial level, young male and female groups are formed to appeal to the masses. Of course, this opens up the path to massive merchandising opportunities on the business side of things and leads us to this very article.
Welcome to this third edition of the Branching Path, articles that stray from RPGs into other key interests from our writers. This time, it will be a journey that takes a closer look behind the idol sim genre with the newest [email protected] game on PlayStation 4, The [email protected]: Platinum Stars.
There is something to be said about the outstanding influence of The [email protected] series in Japan; it is largely considered to be the forefather of idol pop-culture to the modern mainstream audience over there. Compile Heart's Omega Quintet and Hyperdimension Neptunia: Producing Perfection were definitely shaped, to some extent, by the ideas found in [email protected]
Before I begin, I will admit I am no complete stranger to the idol phenomenon. There have been numerous anime shows that have sprung forth as a result of the craze and I was dragged into watching some of them, including The [email protected]'s adaptation; Love Live!; Wake Up, Girls!; and Locodol.
I had a vague idea what I was getting into, but I have never actually played a "proper" idol game. I thought it would be a good idea to experience it myself, and thus, I sat down and played several hours of The [email protected]: Platinum Stars.
Upon starting the game's Producer Mode (its "campaign" mode), I was plunged into the role of a new Producer on his or her first day on the job. When naming your character, it'll add a P at the end of it – a common practice in the idol culture to signify a person's status as a Producer. Therefore, my dumbfounded, faceless character came to be known as KirinP.
The scope of the audience in big performances help sell the energetic atmosphere.
Presented similarly to a visual novel with a static background and dialogue boxes, the standard introductions to the small management crew were in order. I met my silhouetted outline of a boss, Chief Takagi, and my cute green-haired assistant, Kotori Otonashi. They provide basic explanations for the game's main objective – to successfully produce one of the thirteen idols to be a star. I find that "produce" is an odd term to put it; perhaps it is more akin to directing one of them towards a secure career in the music industry.
Nevertheless, I found myself staring at a character select screen with the idols of this fictional 765 Production talent agency that I, KirinP, now work for. This weird "765 Production" name spawns from taking parts of the Japanese pronunciation of those individual numbers to form "Namuko" – a clever Japanese pun for the developers over at Namco.
My choice wasn't too difficult. I already had a favorite idol from these set of girls – the long blue-haired Chihaya Kisaragi. Her voice actress, Asami Imai, has performed many roles from other favorite characters of mine, including Kurisu Makise from Steins;Gate and Noire from the Hyperdimension Neptunia series.
Once again, introductions are in order though this is the first time an actual character model appears on-screen. Bandai Namco is no slouch when it comes to stylizing and animating the main stars of these games. It is quite impressive to see the nuances of their 3DCG technology at the forefront thanks to the additional horsepower of the PlayStation 4. From details in the clothing reacting properly to directional movement to how body language is conveyed from minute movements during stances, the little touches add up to communicate a message beyond words.
KirinP soon comes to learn that, just like her anime counterpart, Chihaya is a reserved girl who is serious about her growth as a musical artist. She is not easily flustered, but she tends to be down on herself when she feels that she has hit a wall. Plus, her narrow-minded tendency often isolates her from being socially proactive with the other girls.
New tracks were added every time my Producer Rank increased, but I could only choose one to unlock.
After choosing a song from a small list of tracks, Chihaya takes to the stage to perform a song. At its core, Platinum Stars is a rhythm game when it comes to active gameplay. Button prompts fly towards a fixed zone at the bottom of the screen with timed presses that dictate a Bad, Normal, Good, or Perfect input – a more precise press rewards more points. Some notes required a button to be held down and other times the touchpad is needed for special icons.
Apparently this is the first mainline [email protected] game to incorporate an involved gameplay mechanic. From what I hear, the mainline series' previous entries, The [email protected] 2 and The [email protected]: One for All, were more of a score attack game that rewarded buttons to be mashed to the tempo of the song. I cannot speak for them much, but it does sound a bit bizarre.
The main goal behind Platinum Stars's rhythm is performing well enough to get to pass the Clear Line on a gauge. Fully filling out this gauge earned me an Ex-Clear which rewarded me an additional item at a later point. Crossing the Clear Line also riles the audience up to request an encore performance allowing the option to view the performance once more without the button prompts grabbing my full attention.
Shortly after Chihaya's debut, I chose two more ladies, Takane Shijou and Makoto Kikuchi, to form my initial trio of performers. KirinP's road to foster stardom begins here!
I found it jarring that while the models were impressive, they struggled dealing with longer hair. Takane, for instance, had her hair constantly clip through her fingers. Miki's lengthy blonde hair would flat-out phase through her arm and shoulder like they did not even exist. Usually I am lax about slight technical difficulties, but it honestly bothered me, though it equally amused me as well.
Time to start acting like a Producer though! There is a lot of things to consider when being one supposedly – raising funds, finding ways to get Chihaya more fans, acquiring different outfits and accessories to raise… stats?
Level up those... idols?!
There are a fair number of RPG elements in The [email protected]: Platinum Stars. Each idol has a level progression that raises her three primary stats: Appeal, Burst, and Omoide (memories). I am not 100% sure what the specifics are behind each stat, but I believe Appeal refers to overall points gained per note. Burst affects the Extreme Burst mechanic that largely boosts point acquisition temporarily, and Omoide affects the special X prompt that awards a large amount of points plus a brief beauty shot of one of the performers.
I assume additional Omoide prompts are added once the heart level of your main idol levels up. Raising this just involves doing well in stage shows, having favorable interactions with her, and obtaining good results on the management mini-games.
Yes, part of being a competent Producer is having the ability to financially back your idol consistently. I had no idea what this would entail, but Platinum Stars' way to obtain money, in many cases, is to roll some dice.
In this sad excuse of a mini-game, you initially start with a single die to drop on a clipboard. The higher the number by the end of the timer, the more money you will get. Manipulating the clipboard to control this dice involves the DualShock 4's gyroscope which is absurdly sensitive to the point that I just fling the dice off and hope it lands on a higher number when it respawns.
As far as I know, this was the only way to feasibly grind for cash since the payouts on performances were relatively not all great. There is also another way to gain money… if you are willing to shell out real money.
The [email protected] games are somewhat infamous for their DLC structures. In order to even use DLC, I had to download a catalog that installs the data of those items into my system – all the player needs from then on is the keys to access them. At the time of this writing, the first DLC catalog has three songs, special accessories tied to a song, character emails to receive texts from them, and of course, virtual currency.
The nightmare in Platinum Stars lies within this horrid minigame.
It is pricey. It is expensive. It… definitely has some worth because DLC songs are exclusive to being DLC; they are not early unlocks that already exist in the base game. The same is also true for DLC accessories. Bandai Namco has done this for years; they know what players want, and players are more than happy to shell out for better or worse.
Accessories and outfits do play a significant role into the gameplay mechanics of Platinum Stars. They boost different stats and some possess special skills to help increase the overall score. Though it generally feels superfluous at times, their cosmetic appearances do add some flavor to the wonderful outfit designs.
Outfits come in four image categories: Cute, Cool, Clever, and Cosmic. These outfits are further subcategorized in the Heartful Lady, Glitter Girl, and Idol types. Wearing an outfit that matches the criteria of an event will further increase score.
Additionally, some outfits and accessories will have an Appeal Down status. This signifies they will provide reduced stats because the main idol's rank is not high enough to properly sport them to their full potential. Both outfits and accessories can be leveled up by having multiples of them. Just be prepared to spend that money because they get costly.
While it all seems so foreign to me, I do appreciate there is a tactical element to a certain extent. There is a method to the madness – just a different one than I am used to.
Ultimately, the overall objective in The [email protected]: Platinum Stars is to rank your idol up and complete her "route", so to speak. Therefore, I needed to gain Chihaya enough fans to participate in Rank-Up Live events to see the end of her path. Minor story elements play out at the aftermath of these critical performances, but it appears Platinum Stars leads more heavily toward gameplay than story.
Gaining fans can be done from stage events, but they could also be raised through the same infuriating dice minigame as well. Luckily, the minigames that focus on raising EXP and the other stats are more varied, ranging from card memorization to matching up color-coded phrases. These activities felt very mundane and did nothing for my enjoyment of the game.
Character interactions with the other idols outside of concerts felt very limited. You only get brief glimpses of them celebrating a birthday, having a pillow fight, playing cards, and enjoying other miscellaneous activities. I don't really blame the developers' intent with this; after all, the previous mainline games had extensive character development stories on their end, and retelling those would be redundant to veteran players. Still, it leaves much to be desired from my perspective as a newcomer.
When I start thinking about the logistical achievement the series has achieved, I am astonished. Each of the thirteen idols' voice actresses have unique sound mixes to every song in the game (plus DLC!) to accommodate their parts of a track to work in harmony with any setup imaginable. What parts of a song they sing depend on their placement in a given unit that has to work in tandem with the placements of the other voices.
The amount of stage effects triggered at key parts of a song in correlation with the distinctive dance choreography adds a lot to the spectacle of performances. However, I was not a big fan of the decision to add an after-image effects to exaggerated arm motions in the dance routes. On the other hand, it is definitely an exciting experience whenever the special scenes of all thirteen girls performing appear.
If there is one thing Platinum Stars had to absolutely nail, it was sound design and it executes it very well.
That concludes KirinP's journey inside this world of idols down this winding Branching Path. I am not necessarily convinced I enjoy the overall pace of The [email protected]: Platinum Stars, but I am glad I gave it a fair shot. Sure, it may be an oddity in many ways through the lens of western culture, but I honestly love being able to play through these different experiences that challenge my own beliefs and expectations.
The [email protected]: Platinum Stars
Publisher: Bandai Namco Entertainment
Developer: Bandai Namco Entertainment

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Joel S. Miliband is a partner in the Litigation and Arbitration group in California, and the General Counsel and Chief Legal Officer of the Firm. He has a wide range of experience in complex business and commercial litigation, including class actions, contract, financial fraud, corporate and partnership disputes, franchise litigation, real estate and construction, representing individuals, private business organizations, Fortune 500 companies, and governmental entities and agencies. He also represents parties in corporate insolvency matters. Joel has appeared in state and federal trial and appellate courts, as well as alternative dispute resolution forums hearing arbitrations.
Successfully represented CEO of international pharmaceutical company in multi-jurisdictional litigation to regain control of the company's international operations.
Defended and favorably settled claims arising out of a leveraged restructuring and sale transaction brought against the former founder and principal of one of the nation's largest manufacturers of nutraceuticals, by creditors holding $225 million of bond debt acting pursuant to a confirmed chapter 11 liquidating plan of reorganization.
Successfully represented real estate partnership in litigation over control of a 105-acre mixed-use commercial real estate project including a retail center and nearly 4 million square feet of constructed or entitled office, hotel and residential space.
Recovered seven-figure settlement for client after obtaining pre-judgment writ of attachment in a contract claim seeking payment for 1,734,000 gallons of denatured fuel grade ethanol.
Recovered judgment after trial, affirmed on appeal, for client arising out of damages resulting from defendant's refusal to honor contractual supply obligations to take advantage of price spike in the spot market following Hurricane Katrina.
In over three years of litigation, successfully defended developer of large shopping center against lender with secured claim in excess of $90 million, allowing developer to ultimately sell the project.
Recovered $7 million judgment for client after arbitration award based on overpayment of royalty and license fees.
Successfully represented a class of 20,000 California teachers seeking recovery for the diversion of cash in the operation of more than thirty publicly syndicated real estate limited partnerships, achieving a recovery in excess of $20 million.
Defended and obtained a favorable settlement for two subsidiaries of a Fortune 500 company against claims of fraud and unfair business practices with claims aggregating in excess of $200 million.
Successfully defended class action brought by enrollee in a tax preparer course on behalf of thousands of putative class members, defeating class certification in the trial court, and obtaining dismissal of the appeal from that denial.
Successfully defended the largest car auction in the nation against class action brought on behalf of used automobile dealers, obtaining reversal in the appellate court of initial class certification and thereafter defeating class certification in the trial court.
In a unique class action matter, represented a class of investors with members of the Official Creditors Committee as representative plaintiffs, obtaining a recovery against an attorney for malpractice.
Represented organization of restaurant franchisees in securing contract rights through negotiation, litigation, and ultimately representation in connection with the franchisor's bankruptcy.
Successfully defended one the nation's largest franchisors with over 10,000 company and franchise owned locations, against a franchisee alleging breach of contract and unfair business practices, obtaining not only a dismissal of all claims, but a monetary judgment in favor of the client as well as injunctive relief enforcing a covenant not to compete.
Successfully defended nationwide franchisor against contract and fraud claims of franchisee, obtaining dismissal of all claims before trial and defending the judgment on appeal.
Successfully represented non-debtor developer in connection with its interests in 30 real estate debtor entities in litigation with Lehman Bros., who had financed the projects with $2.3 billion before Lehman's collapse in September 2008.
Represented a water agency incident to its attempt to acquire the assets of a regional water company wholly owned by the debtor in the Landsource Communities Development, LLC bankruptcy.
Represented a city in connection with securing valuable water rights in over 9,000 acres of real estate wholly owned by a California debtor, subject to secured debt of a lender in its own bankruptcy proceeding in Texas.
Represented the Official Creditors' Committee in a large real estate investment/development company case and successfully negotiated with the debtor to confirm a 100% plan of reorganization to pay more than $12 million in creditor claims.
Successfully represented the debtor, a landmark 500-room hotel adjacent to the Convention Center and Disneyland in Anaheim, California, in confirming a plan of reorganization restructuring the hotel's $21 million secured debt.
Represented the largest creditor in the Del Taco bankruptcy case, and participated as client's representative on the Official Creditors' Committee.


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Mirkarimi case: SF latest witch trial
Let's start with all the things San Francisco Sheriff Ross Mirkarimi did wrong:
1) Mirkarimi bullied his wife, Eliana Lopez, when he grabbed her right arm and bruised it Dec. 31.
2) When police first contacted Mirkarimi about the episode, the sheriff did not cooperate with the investigation. Instead, he circled the wagons.
3) He hired a small army of attorneys for himself and his wife, which slowed the legal process. He's the elected sheriff of San Francisco, and he tried to move his trial outside the city.
4) When Mirkarimi pleaded guilty to a misdemeanor charge of false imprisonment, he thought he could keep his job. Mayor Ed Lee swiftly put an end to that reverie when he asked the sheriff to quit. Mirkarimi refused. So began an Ethics Commission review that led to reams of documentation and Thursday's and Friday's hearings on Lee's bid to prompt supervisors to fire Mirkarimi for "official misconduct."
In City Hall, there should be a plaque that reads, "The more inconsequential the matter the more time, energy and money City Hall will spend on it."
This isn't San Francisco's first witch hunt. In 2006, Pete Wilson, the late KGO anchorman and talk show host, made the mistake of voicing his discomfort about a baby born to a gay supervisor and a lesbian friend. A baby, Wilson said, should not be "an experiment." Mirkarimi and three other supervisors demanded that Wilson resign his job.
Now Mirkarimi is on the receiving end. As the New Year's Eve story bubbled, Mirkarimi texted his campaign manager: "Unbelievable. (Domestic violence activist Beverly Upton) knows that I've always been a fervent supporter of the (domestic violence) community. Am I really guilty until proven innocent?" His inner circle was convinced that rival Democrats were plotting against him. They didn't see that the real enemy is political correctness. When you feed that beast, it can turn on anyone.
Why support him? One, a bruised arm does not rate a domestic violence prosecution. Two, Lopez says: "Ross never hit me, punched me, battered me or beat me." Three, I don't believe every bit of hearsay hurled at Mirkarimi. The burden of proof is on the accuser, not the accused.
It's respectable to argue that Mirkarimi's guilty plea makes him unsuitable to be sheriff. But the mayor had to throw in a declaration from a spurned one-time girlfriend and add a flimsy charge that Mirkarimi tried to intimidate witnesses. It's asymmetrical warfare.
Recently, Lee charged that Mirkarimi was guilty of "beating" Lopez. When politicians have to make up charges, watch out.
While I can enumerate Mirkarimi's mistakes, City Hall has made only one mistake in this matter — piling on. Problem is, city solons keep making that same mistake over and over again, and they never have to admit they were wrong. They just pile on more accusations, declarations and abuse.
A reasonable man would give in, let City Hall win and move on with his life. That's why San Francisco needs a few unreasonable men. If no one stands up to City Hall's overkill, no San Franciscan is safe.
The NBA & the elephant on the court — unwed fathers
Founders: Removal from office is not the only purpose of impeachment
Nancy Pelosi bows to Hollywood extremists
In gun buyback talk, how do you round up so many weapons?


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Mosquitoes use six highly specialized needles to suck your blood
By Ryan Whitwam 06.08.2016 :: 3:02PM EST 06.08.2016
RyanWhitwam
Mosquitoes were buzzing around Earth long before humans arrived, but with billions of us across the globe, these insects have a buffet like never before. There's now renewed concern over mosquito bites as the Zika virus persists, and the Rio Olympics are just months away. NRP station KQED and PBS have a new edition of Deep Look on YouTube that zooms in on the mosquito bites everyone is so concerned about, revealing the multifaceted blood-guzzling toolkit mosquitoes use to inadvertently spread disease.
The mosquito's proboscis looks like a single needle-like appendage, but as the video below illustrates, it's so much more than that. First, there's a protective sheath that retracts when it's time to suck some blood. That reveals six individual needles, each of which have a role to play.
The outer pair of needles are where the whole process of stealing your blood starts. These needles have tiny teeth like a saw blade. Female mosquitoes use these to saw through your skin and into the tissue where blood vessels can be found. The next needles in from those are used to hold the tissue apart so it can search for a blood vessel. That's actually the job of one of the remaining two remaining needles. Receptors pick up chemical signals released by blood vessels to guide the tip in. Then, it's time to vacuum up all the blood the mosquito can carry.
This is all annoying, but it's the final needle of the six that really causes trouble for humans. It is this needle that injects a mixture of mosquito saliva and anticoagulants that keeps the blood flowing and numbs the site of injection. This is also what causes the itchy welts after the mosquito has flown off. The saliva is where nasty critters like Malaria parasites and Zika viruses can hide. The mosquito doesn't have any reason to infect us, these organisms are just along for the ride.
It's a marvel of evolution. Also, slightly terrifying.


text:
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If you already have a simple understanding of C or Java, Objective-C ought to be, for the most component, pretty straightforward to grasp.Brichter developed the function in 2009 for Tweetie, his startup, mainly because he could not find anyplace to match the refresh" button on his app. Holding and dragging down the feed to update seemed at the time practically nothing more than a cute and clever" repair. Twitter acquired Tweetie the following year, integrating pull-to-refresh into its own app.Menu Bar. This is at the really best of the screen. On the best left is the Apple icon. Just to the right of the Apple icon is the name of the current active application. Other items found in the Menu Bar are File, Edit, View, Window, Support, and so forth. These will vary by application.Several apps calculate how a lot tax and national insurance coverage you should be paying, but this one particular comes from the men and women you happen to be paying them to: HM Revenue & Customs. 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A National Lockdown, Wildflowers and Butterflies
It is hard to read any news portal or watch a TV broadcast today and avoid the dreaded C-word. The pandemic is a global phenomenon, and I cannot imagine that anyone in the world has not heard of COVID-19/Coronavirus, unless he or she has been hiding in some cave for the past 6 months. This is an unprecedented moment in history where the entire world is facing the same 'storm' that has affected lives and livelihoods.
A Peacock Pansy feeding on the flowers of the Common Vernonia (Cyanthillium cinereum) an urban weed
Over here in Singapore, we are at the tail end of our "circuit breaker" or our version of a modified national lock-down that started nearly 2 months ago. As the residents look forward to a more normal life, the authorities have announced that any changes will not be abrupt and things will have to take a cautious stepped approach as the economy is resuscitated.
An open grass field covered with Coat Button flowers, fronting a HDB residential apartment in the background. Due to the lockdown, grass cutters have left many such grassy areas without any maintenance or grass cutting, allowing these "weeds" to grow wild.
So, what has the COVID-19, a circuit-breaker, wildflowers and butterflies have in common? Observant residents have noticed that Singapore's manicured roadside verges and grassy patches are overgrown with "weeds" and pretty wildflowers. This is a result of the lockdown and reduction of non-essential activities like cutting grass, plus the reduction of the availability of the migrant worker population due to a sudden rise in COVID-19 infections amongst these workers who live in their assigned dormitories all around the island.
Another pretty weed that has grown wild is the Touch-Me-Not plant (Mimosa pudica). Whilst its flowers do not usually attract butterflies, their leaves are the host plant for the caterpillars of the Lesser Grass Blue. However, this thorny low-growing weed is unwelcome in our managed and manicured greenscapes in the city.
The appearance of wildflowers has attracted our urban insects like bees and butterflies to feed on them. In recent weeks, there was an increase in sightings of urban species of butterflies amongst these temporarily unkempt greenery. Taking a quick look around my housing estate where I have my daily exercise routine, it was indeed the case, as the nectar-laden wildflowers offered a delectable buffet to our winged friends.
The Striped Albatross (top : female, bottom : male) was also observed in numbers over the past two months, usually feeding on the flowers of the Coat Button. Their host plant, Purple Cleome (Cleome rutidosperma) also grows wild along roadside grass verges and open fields during the "circuit breaker" period.
But what are these wildflowers and what butterfly species have been spotted across many urban areas across the island? Taking a walk around my residential area and checking on social media and the snippets of commentaries from nature lovers and enthusiasts, the urbanscape's wildflowers are pretty limited to a handful of species. Of these, the top few are :
Coat Buttons (Tridax procumbens)
Touch-Me-Not plant (Mimosa pudica)
White Weed (Ageratum conyzoides)
Common Vernonia (Cyanthillium cinereum)
Cupid's Shaving Brush (Emilia sonchifolia)
Purple Cleome (Cleome rutidosperma)
A solitary Tawny Coster enjoys a buffet of nectar from the abundant Coat Button flowers at a residential area
The explosion of these flowering weeds and nectaring sources has a trickle-down effect on butterflies, especially the urban species like :
Striped Albatross (Appias olferna olferna)
Lesser Grass Blue (Zizina otis lampa)
Pygmy Grass Blue (Zizula hylax pygmea)
Blue Pansy (Junonia orithya wallacei)
Chocolate Pansy (Junonia hedonia ida)
Tawny Coster (Acraea terpsicore)
Common Grass Yellow (Eurema hecabe contubernalis)
A Lesser Grass Blue feeding on the flower of the Coat Buttons
A Pygmy Grass Blue feeding on the flower of the Common Vernonia
These butterflies are sighted more frequently over the past 2 months, feeding at the wildflowers in our urban residential estates. The diminutive Lesser Grass Blue and its related Pygmy Grass Blue (Zizula hylax pygmea) can sometimes even be abundant, with 20 or more individuals fluttering amongst the wildflowers. The same can be said of the Striped Albatross (Appias olferna olferna) which is more regularly seen in numbers over the past few weeks.
A Common Grass Yellow feeding on the flower of the Coat Buttons
The blooming of these wildflowers and areas which were left unmaintained by landscaping contractors and the town councils sparked off some debates as to whether there should be areas which could be left "wild" for the biodiversity to thrive. Comments that there is "beauty" in these wildflower meadows that add a different perspective to our urban greenery, are counterbalanced with opposing views that these unkempt areas may attract snakes, mosquitoes and other undesirable vermin.
A field of wild-growing Coat Buttons with residential apartments in the background
However, government agencies in charge of the maintenance of our landscaped greenery across the island have indicated that "operations include preventive tree pruning and landscape works such as grass cutting for vector control, and the prevention of vegetation fires in parks and gardens. Grass cutting is also carried out on road verges." It would logically be assumed that any grass cutting would obviously take out these wildflower "weeds" as well.
An open field of White Weed (Ageratum conyzoides) growing in abundance with no grass cutters in sight over the past two months
A Lesser Grass Blue feeding on the flower of the Common Vernonia
To further quote the article, "Assistant Professor John Ascher from the National University of Singapore's biological sciences department is among those in favour of the island's new rustic look, saying that "overzealous" removal of weeds may have led to low bee numbers at many managed sites in Singapore, including nature parks. Weeds are a food resource for bees, he said. "I suppose I am in the minority to be happy if more weeds lead to more 'bugs', at least with respect to wild bees, butterflies, flower flies and other attractive or beneficial species," added Prof Ascher."
Blue Pansy feeding on the flower of the Coat Buttons
Butterfly conservationists will know that even if there are a lot of wildflowers, the ecosystem also needs to support adequate caterpillar host plants of these species. Otherwise the number of butterflies will be limited by the availability of their host plants. Hence other "weeds" like Chinese Violet (for the Blue Pansy), Purple Cleome (for the Striped Albatross), Mimosa (for the Grass Blues), Stinking Passionflower (for the Tawny Coster) and so on, must be allowed to grow, to complement the wildflower nectaring sources.
A Tawny Coster feeding on the flower of a Coat Buttons in an urban residential estate
It is encouraging that we see so many butterflies out and about when these wildflowers provide nectar for them. Other urban resident insects like bees, flies and others will also benefit. Perhaps, in the management of our urban spaces, NParks could create "wild miles" or "wild squares" that are left to grow naturally with minimal grass-cutting and pruning? These can complement the pristine and manicured areas so that there is a balance between biodiversity conservation and aesthetics/safety for human parks users.
Text by Khew SK : Photos by Khew SK, Michael Khor, Jonathan Soong, Horace Tan, Jacob Tan and Pauline Tan
Further Reading / Reference Articles :
Can Singapore, the city in a garden, grow into a city in nature?
Singapore Wildflowers Bloom In Heartlands, Beautiful Side Effect Of Less Frequent Grasscutting
Spy the native biodiversity among the wildflowers amid Covid-19 circuit breaker
No pruning down on essential upkeep of Singapore greenery
Butterfly Photography - Part 2
My Digital Journey - 2011-2020
A Fivebar Swordtail (Graphium antiphates itamputi) puddling. Taken with the Nikon D3S and Tamron 180mm macro
My butterfly digital photography journey continues into the next 10 years from 2011 to present day. Previously, in Part 1, I ended 2010 with the Nikon D3S, and generally happy with the outputs that I was getting from Nikon's top-of-the-line camera which I bought in June 2010. The camera was as robust as it was reliable, in capturing butterflies in all sorts of habitats and environments. Focusing was fast, and the metering for exposure was spot-on most of the time.
Photos taken with the Nikon D3S
The D3S continued to be my "weapon" of choice for butterfly photography for the next couple of years. Weighing in at 1,428g, the camera is no lightweight to lug around. Add in the flash, a macro lens and so on, the set-up can weigh up to 3kg! I prefer to do my butterfly photography hand-held so the overall weight makes a difference between a sharp shot and one with motion blur due to camera shake. Nevertheless, the D3S is certainly a capable camera and accompanied me on many butterfly trips to various parts of Malaysia and Thailand.
The 36.6Mp Nikon D800
Images taken with the D800
Some time in mid-2012, I was given an opportunity to "test-drive" the newly-launched Nikon D800. At the time of the launch, the full-framed D800 packed a megapixel count of 36.3Mp, one of the highest amongst the DSLRs then. I tested the camera on a couple of outings, but wasn't too happy with the performance. At 4fps, it was slower than the D3S. The noise handling was not as good, considering the 3x density of Mp on the sensor, compared with the D3S. So I gave it a miss.
The full-frame 24Mp Nikon D600 was a "problem child" with serious sensor dust issue that required a recall by Nikon to replace the shutter assembly
I was still hoping for a butterfly shooting set-up that was a tad lighter than the D3S combo and always on the look out for a newer semi-pro full-frame body. In Sep 2012, Nikon launched the D600. Targeted at the "professional amateurs" the D600 had a 24Mp sensor that was double that of the D3S. It was much lighter and compact weighing in at 850g (or about 60% of the D3S' weight). A lower 5.5fps was a compromise that I could try to live with.
A Yamfly (Loxura atymnus fuconius) taken with the D600. A lot of time was needed at post-processing stage to remove "dust bunnies" caused by the D600's sensor problem
I put the camera through its paces on many outings, and the results were quite acceptable. However, the D600 was plagued with a sensor dust issue. It was so bad that Nikon offered a free replacement of the shutter assembly on the D600. Some lucky friends in Singapore who bought the D600 had a free upgrade to the D610, which was hastily launched in Oct 2013 to solve the D600's ill reputation.
After the shutter replacement on my unit, the D600 performed satisfactorily and it was a good backup to the D3S on my butterfly outings, especially when I wanted to travel light. It was also a good "general purpose" DSLR that was compact enough for social gatherings and did well as a tourist camera on overseas family trips.
Two northern Thailand species, shot with the Nikon D3S and Tamron 180mm
I continued to tag-team the D3S and D600 duo on various outings for most of 2014. And for the first time, our group also made a foray into Northern Thailand for our butterfly "fix". The diversity and numbers of butterflies in Chiangmai and Chiangdao were absolutely amazing! We also saw species that are beyond the range of West Malaysia and Singapore, and it was an exciting time when we were there on our maiden trip in April 2014.
A Banded Peacock (Papilio palinurus palinurus) puddling. Shot with the D3S at Gua Tempurung, Perak, Malaysia
There were no problems using both DSLRs overseas and both worked fine. In fact 2014 was a unique year where our group made 4 overseas butterfly trips. After a short trip to Gua Tempurung, Kuala Woh and Lata Kinjang in the West Malaysian state of Perak in July, we made another weekend trip to Penang Hill in August. But the pull of Chiangmai had us planning to make the post-wet season period in Oct - our 2nd trip to Thailand in the year!
The flip screen was the first on the Nikon D750 © DPReview
In the meantime, Nikon launched yet another mid-level full-frame DSLR in Sep 2014. This was the D750. The feature that got my attention was the flip-screen LCD back panel, which I was curious to try out on puddling butterflies. Theoretically, it could help those low-level shots where we had to prone on the ground to get. Other than a higher shooting rate of 6.5fps compared to the D600, the 24 Mp full-frame sensor was similar, though the AF module was touted to have faster response time.
Butterflies of Chiangmai, shot with the D750
I got this latest Nikon DSLR just in time for our Oct outing to Chiangmai, and used the D750 exclusively throughout the trip. The outputs from the camera did not disappoint and we continued on our quest to shoot as many species as possible on the 6 day trip. The only thing that did not quite work out as I had hoped for, was the use of the flip-screen LCD for puddling shots. It was cumbersome to use for butterflies that are constantly moving most of the time, and in bright sunshine, had limited opportunities to shoot with.
More samples of butterfly photos with the Nikon D750 coupled with the Sigma 180mm macro
The D750 was the main camera body that accompanied me on the majority of my outings in 2015. It was also a time when I had switched over to the massive Sigma 180mm OS f/2.8 macro as my main butterfly shooting lens, and the weight of the combo was important on long outings with a fully hand-held set up.
Some butterflies puddling in Chiang Dao Nature Reserve. All shot with the D750
It was also another "Chiangmai" year, where we made two trips up north in March and September to capture the species that made their seasonal appearances over the different months in northern Thailand. The D750 worked like a charm throughout the year and there was no need to consider other DSLRs that Nikon launched that year.
The APS sized Nikon D500 with a 20.7Mp CMOS sensor. The crop factor on the D500 allows for a better working distance for macro photography
Early in 2016, Nikon launched their new generation professional camera body, the D5. Sporting a new 20.8 Mp full frame sensor with 153 AF points, and a blazing 12fps continuous shooting, it was another state-of-the-art DSLR in the market. However, I was no longer considering the heavy pro-level DSLRs. For those photographers who may not be aware, the integrated vertical hand-grip on professional DSLRs is an unwelcomed obstruction when going down low to shoot puddling butterflies.
However, together with the new D5, Nikon also launched its "little brother", the APS sized sensor D500. This 20.7Mp sensor DSLR has many of the features of the D5, like its 153 point AF module with 99 cross-type points, metering system and is able to shoot at a blazing 10fps. Its robust body is one of the few new semi-pro DSLRs that does not have a built-in flash, suggesting that it is aimed at a higher-end target users.
Some of the shots from the D500 taken at Fraser's Hill
I managed to get a D500 just in time for a trip to Fraser's Hill in Malaysia. It was a maiden trip for the D500 and despite using the camera for the first time, I had little trouble handling it. By now, I was quite used to the Nikon DSLR controls and most of the functions of the D500 were in locations that I was quite familiar with. It worked seamlessly with the Sigma 180mm, and with the cropped sensor, it gave me the equivalent focal length of a "270mm" macro lens.
The D500 is a capable DSLR and the AF is fast and accurate
The D500 became my sole DSLR body for most of 2016 and 2017, and I used the D750 quite sparingly and for the times I needed a full-frame advantage when I shoot. The noise control of the D500 is pretty decent for its APS sized sensor with the advantage of better working distance. It was also interesting to note that Nikon launched only 3 cameras in 2017, compared to its heyday in 2012 when it launched 22 different camera models!
My current primary DSLR for butterfly photography, the full-frame 45.7Mp Nikon D850
Amongst the cameras Nikon introduced in 2017 was the full frame D850 with a 45.7Mp CMOS sensor - Nikon's highest Mp DSLR to date. Around that time, I managed to sell off the D750 to another butterfly photographer and decided to get the D850 in Feb 2018 as a full-frame replacement body for the D750. I have been using the D850 as my main DSLR ever since.
Puddling butterflies shot with the Nikon D850 and Sigma 180mm macro
The D850 performed up to expectations. It was good to get back to full-frame again, but the very shallow depth of field meant having to discard more shots that didn't have satisfactory edge-to-edge sharpness on the butterflies that I shot. The 153 AF point focusing system is fast and accurate and the metering was more consistent than the D750. And the ability to shoot at 7fps helped in some extreme situations when there was a strong breeze moving the subject.
Meanwhile, Nikon, Sony and Canon have come out with their rather impressive mirrorless cameras. One of the very tempting features in the new Nikon Z6 and Z7 that I will be looking forward to, is the in-camera vibration reduction technology. But I will wait for the next generation of the mirrorless models from Nikon and for them to iron out several issues, before deciding if it is worthwhile to 'upgrade' again or not.
Some Malaysian butterflies shot with the Nikon D850
In the meantime, the combination of the D500 and D850 is optimal for my butterfly photography needs The compromise between a more compact camera body and performance is just right for these two DSLRs. The rapid technological development of DSLRs in the market took us to where we are today, on the threshold of mirrorless DSLRs. I started with a 3Mp point-and-shoot camera in 2001 and progressed over a 20-year journey till today, with a 45.7Mp full-frame DSLR. What beckons in the next decade, will be another story for another time...
Text and Photos by Khew SK


text:
import VolumeConstants from "constants/VolumeConstants";
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    poll: function(params) {
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            throw new Error("Missing volume");
        Utils.dispatch(VolumeConstants.POLL_VOLUME, {
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};


text:
Safely Reopening America's Schools and Communities
The AFT's flexible blueprint for imagining a new normal for public education, public health and our society
Until a vaccine is developed for COVID-19, each community is going to need support in charting a path to safely and responsibly reopen school buildings and other institutions crucial to the well-being and economic vitality of our communities.
The AFT's detailed, science-based "Plan to Safely Reopen America's Schools and Communities" features five core pillars based on the science as well as educator and healthcare expertise—not on politics or wishful thinking.
To gradually reopen, we need to:
Maintain physical distancing until the number of new cases declines for at least 14 consecutive days. Reducing the number of new cases is a prerequisite for transitioning to reopening plans on a community-by-community basis.
Put in place the infrastructure and resources to test, trace and isolate new cases. Transitioning from community-focused physical distancing and stay-in-place orders to case-specific interventions requires ramping up the capacity to test, trace and isolate each new case.
Deploy the public health tools that prevent the virus' spread and align them with education strategies that meet the needs of students.
Involve workers, unions, parents and communities in all planning. Each workplace and community faces unique challenges related to COVID-19. To ensure that reopening plans address those challenges, broad worker and community involvement is necessary. They must be engaged, educated and empowered.
Invest in recovery: Do not abandon America's communities or forfeit America's future. These interventions will require more—not less—investment in public health and in our schools, universities, hospitals, and local and state governments. Strengthening communities should be a priority in the recovery.
The blueprint acknowledges Americans' eagerness to return to some semblance of "normal." But to do so, we must meet an unprecedented challenge: figuring out how to reimagine our society and the physical places we hold dear—public schools, places of worship, workplaces, restaurants and more—in ways that put our ultimate priorities first: the safety and well-being of working families, especially frontline workers, and the economic health of society.
The comprehensive document shows how, to effectively respond to the crisis, we must plan and align logistics, educational strategies and public health approaches into one coherent response. And we expect the plan to evolve as the data, and the facts, change.
AFT President Randi Weingarten said: "Our blueprint serves as a stark contrast to the conflicting guidance, bluster and lies of the Trump administration. The input of educators and healthcare workers, as well as parents, is crucial in making any reopening plan work. They are the eyes and ears, and are indispensable in making any plan work safely and effectively. We hope this blueprint will be the start of a real discussion on reopening schools, universities and other workplaces that allows our workers and families not only to dream of a safe and welcoming future, but to realize it."
The plan can be read here.
Download the report in English and Spanish
Engish | Spanish
Reopening Schools During a Time of Triple Crisis: Financial Implications
AFT Launches Landmark Plan to Safely Reopen America's Schools and Communities
Restarting and Reinventing School: Learning in the Time of COVID and Beyond (Learning Policy Institute)
Download the guide in English & Spanish


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Be clear about what will NOT happen. If you know your meeting is going to touch on a 'hot' topic or an interconnected matter that could sidetrack discussion, it can be a good idea to remind attendees discussion will be limited to what's on the agenda. Clear direction is a big help in achieving outcomes.
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Reward attendance by sticking to your timeline. If further discussion is needed, arrange a new meeting time.
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Share screens during meetings to help keep everyone on the same page. This reduces confusion and time lost to questions such as, "Where are we?" or, "Hold up, I'm not on the right page." Important: if you plan on sharing your screen, turn off all email, phone or messaging programs or notifications before a meeting to avoid everyone seeing annoying or private announcements meant for your eyes only!
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text:
Jeanne Dauchez, connue sous son nom marital Jeanne Simon, née à Paris  le  et morte à Paris  le , est une artiste-peintre française.

Biographie
Fille de Fernand Dauchez (1842-1914), avocat à Paris, administrateur de biens au 14, rue Saint-Guillaume, et de Claire Thirial (1847-1914). D'une fratrie de neuf enfants, elle est suivie, entre autres, par un frère André Dauchez (1870-1948), artiste peintre également, puis viendront Marcel (1872-1969) et Reine (1876-1941).

Le  à Paris 7e, elle épouse le peintre Lucien Simon (1861-1945). Le couple part en voyage de noces à Venise. Ils auront quatre enfants : le sculpteur Paul Simon (1892-1979), l'artiste-peintre Charlotte Simon (1897-1994), Lucienne Simon (1898-1974) et Pauline Simon (née vers 1907).

Le couple partage les mêmes goûts pour la peinture, elle est une portraitiste et décoratrice de talent. Elle-même peintre de figures et de portraits, Jeanne Simon participa à Paris aux Salons des Artistes français et des Indépendants. Ils s'installent au , boulevard du Montparnasse, à Paris en 1890. Il lui fait découvrir la Bretagne en compagnie de sa belle-famille.

En 1892, ils font des séjours à Étretat, Arcachon, Biarritz et Bénodet. L'année suivante, son père fait l'acquisition de la résidence Kergaït à Bénodet. En 1894 naît son fils Bernard qui disparaîtra prématurément.

En 1895, ils déménagent au , boulevard du Montparnasse. En 1897 et 1898, naissent respectivement Charlotte et Lucienne.

Une médaille d'or lui est décernée à l'Exposition universelle de Paris en 1900.

En 1901, le couple achète l'ancien sémaphore de Combrit, à Sainte-Marine, dans lequel ils s'installent en 1902, et le  ils entreprennent la construction de leur maison-atelier du , rue Cassini, à Paris, dont ils confient la réalisation à l'architecte décorateur Louis Süe (1875-1968) et son collaborateur Paul Huillard. En 1914, son fils Paul est fait prisonnier. En 1917, ils entreprennent la construction de l'atelier du sémaphore.

Jeanne Simon est l'amie de Maurice Denis et George Desvallières. Membre de la Société de Saint-Jean, elle réalisa plusieurs grandes aquarelles sur des motifs religieux et de très nombreux portraits d'enfants. Elle décora quatre panneaux d'une chapelle de l'église Saint-Dominique de Paris.

Collections publiques
 Paris, église Saint-Dominique, chapelle Sainte-Catherine-de-Sienne, quatre panneaux (peinture sur toile), 1929-1935 :
 L'Enfance de Catherine, dans un paysage de Sienne ;
 Le Christ portant sa croix, auprès de sainte Catherine vers qui il se penche ;
 Paysage, animé de personnages contemporains de l'artiste qui y représente des membres de sa famille, enfants et petits-enfants, ainsi qu'elle même ;
 Catherine soignant un pestiféré.

Notes et références

Annexes

Bibliographie
 L'abbé Buffet, « Décoration de l'église Saint Dominique (Paris) », in Bulletin paroissial, ,
 Collectif, L'église Saint-Dominique de Paris,
 Dictionnaire Bénézit

Liens externes

Peintre français du XIXe siècle
Peintre français du XXe siècle
Peintre française
Naissance en mars 1869
Naissance dans le 7e arrondissement de Paris
Décès en décembre 1949
Décès dans le 14e arrondissement de Paris
Décès à 80 ans

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Transfer learning from image classifiers (e.g. AlexNet) to to binary classification of generated data charts I have written code that transforms time series data (medical EEGs) into a scatter chart.  I have labels available for a training set to note the presence of absence of 'seizures' in the data.  I can see the seizures clearly (as a human) in the scatter plots.  I thought it would be straightforward to adapt a pre-trained image classifier (AlexNet) to do the (seizure, no_seizure) binary classification.  I have a training set of 500 chart images.  The model is not converging.
I replaced the final Alexnet layer before training:
model.classifier[6] = torch.nn.Linear(model.classifier[6].in_features, 2)
Do you have any advice for helping me with this challenge?  Intuitively I thought classification of scatter charts would be easier than photograph image classification.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange