text:
Gloucestershire Constabulary
Logo of the Gloucestershire Constabulary
2,271[1]
£95.7 million[1]
Legal personality
Governmental: Government agency
Jurisdictional structure
Operations jurisdiction*
Police area of Gloucestershire in the country of England, UK
Map of police area
1,025 square miles (2,650 km2)
Legal jurisdiction
Constituting instrument
Police Act 1996
Local civilian police
Operational structure
1,198 (of which 176 are Special Constables)[2]
Police and Crime Commissioner responsible
Martin Surl
Agency executive
Suzette Davenport, Chief Constable
Local Policing Areas
www.gloucestershire.police.uk
* Police area agency: Prescribed geographic area in the country, over which the agency has usual operational jurisdiction.
Gloucestershire Constabulary vehicle
Gloucestershire Constabulary is the territorial police force responsible for policing the non-metropolitan county of Gloucestershire in England (South Gloucestershire is covered by Avon and Somerset Constabulary).
The force was founded in 1839, six hours after Wiltshire Constabulary, making it the second rural police force formed in Britain. The force in its present form dates from 1 April 1974, when the southern part of Gloucestershire became part of the County of Avon and thus of the newly formed Avon and Somerset Constabulary.
In 1965, the force had an establishment of 1,010 and an actual strength of 867.[3]
As of 1 April 2011, under the new structure, policing in the county is delivered through six Local Policing Areas: Cheltenham, Gloucester, Forest of Dean, Cotswolds, Stroud and Tewkesbury. Each of these areas is commanded by a superintendent.
Within the six areas there are nine Local Policing Teams covering 55 communities: two each in Cheltenham, Gloucester and Stroud and one in Tewkesbury, the Forest and the Cotswolds.
Officers killed in the line of duty
See also: List of British police officers killed in the line of duty
The Police Roll of Honour Trust lists and commemorates all British police officers killed in the line of duty. The Police Memorial Trust since its establishment in 1984 has erected over 38 memorials to some of those officers.
Since 1817 the following officers of Gloucestershire Constabulary were killed while attempting to prevent or stop a crime in progress:[4]
Parish Constable Henry Thompson, 1817 (shot by men attempting to free a prisoner)
Police Sergeant Samuel Beard, 1861 (died from injuries sustained attempting to arrest poachers)
Police Sergeant William Morris, 1895 (fatally injured by men he warned about their conduct)
In 2015, Gloucestershire police were able to show using biomechanical evidence that Robert Nowak was the driver of a car involved in a crash in 2013 in which his friend Michal Sobolak was killed. Nowak was sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment and 7 years' disqualification from driving, for Death by Dangerous Driving, Conspiring to Pervert the Course of Justice and Driving whilst Disqualified.[5][6][7]
Race and sex discrimination in recruitment
In November 2006, a tribunal ruled that the constabulary had illegally discriminated against 108 white male candidates it had rejected from its recruitment process solely because of their race and gender. Matt Powell, one of the "randomly deselected" candidates, took legal action and was awarded £2,500 compensation. The Commission for Racial Equality (CRE) and the Equal Opportunities Commission who led the investigation stated that the Gloucestershire Police had unlawfully discriminated on the grounds of race and gender.[8][9]
Cheese rolling
In 2013, Gloucestershire police warned Diana Smart against supplying cheese for the annual cheese rolling event.[10] Smart described the warning as "crackers".
Photography in public places
In a video recording made by a member of the public who was taking photographs in a public place, an officer of Gloucestershire Constabulary was seen threatening to arrest the photographer, ordering him to delete the photographs taken, and asserting that it was illegal to take photographs, according to press reports on 7 January 2014.[11][12][13][14] The officer said "you're lucky I didn't bloody knock you out!".[15][16] The incident was uploaded onto YouTube. In England there is no law against taking photographs in a public place, and no policeman may order a photographer to delete their photographs once they have been taken—to do so requires a court order.
Gloucestershire Police and Crime Commissioner
Law enforcement in the United Kingdom
List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom
Table of police forces in the United Kingdom
↑ "Tables for 'Police workforce, England and Wales, 31 March 2013". HM Government. Office for National Statistics. 31 March 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2014.
↑ The Thin Blue Line, Police Council for Great Britain Staff Side Claim for Undermanning Supplements, 1965
↑ Police Roll of Honour Trust. "Police Roll of Honour Trust". policememorial.org.uk.
↑ "Latest Gloucestershire Cheltenham news - Gloucestershire Live". Retrieved 11 September 2016.
↑ "Man and woman receive prison sentences for fatal road traffic collision in Cheltenham in 2013". Retrieved 11 September 2016.
↑ Shammas, John (15 May 2015). "Police prove lying driver killed his friend - by using VIRTUAL REALITY". Retrieved 11 September 2016.
↑ "Force admits rejecting white men". BBC News. 22 September 2006. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
↑ "Police force admits discriminating against white recruits". London: Daily Mail. 22 September 2006. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
↑ "Has the world gone crackers? How THREE police officers went to grandmother's farm just to warn her NOT to make massive Double Gloucester for annual cheese rolling event". Daily Mail. London.
↑ de Bruxelles, S (8 January 2014). ""Officer 'threatened to make life hell' for crash photographer"". The Times. Retrieved 2016-04-03.
↑ Arkell, H. (7 January 2014). ""'We'll nick you now and I will make your day a living hell, 'cause you'll be in that cell all day': Police officer swore and threatened to lock man up for photographing crash scene"". Daily Mail. Retrieved 2016-04-03.
↑ "Video: Abusive police sergeant Tony Wallace receives offical warning by Gloucestershire Police after accident confrontation (From Stroud News and Journal)". Stroudnewsandjournal.co.uk. 2014-03-28. Retrieved 2016-04-03.
↑ "Video: Abusive policeman threatens to make photographer's day 'a living hell'". Telegraph. 2014-01-07. Retrieved 2016-04-03.
↑ "VIDEO: Police officer threatens to make man's day a "living hell" for taking photos - Video - Duncan Garner - Shows". RadioLIVE. Retrieved 2016-04-03.
↑ "Police officer investigated after telling photographer: 'You're lucky I didn't knock you out'". Itv.com. 2014-01-09. Retrieved 2016-04-03.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gloucestershire Constabulary.
Police forces of the United Kingdom
Territorial police forces
Avon & Somerset
Devon & Cornwall
West Mercia
Dyfed–Powys
Police Service of Scotland
Police Service of Northern Ireland
Regional motorway policing
Central Motorway Police Group
North West Motorway Police Group
Regional counter terrorism
South East Counter Terrorism Unit
South West Counter Terrorism Unit
Metropolitan Police Service Counter Terrorism Command
East Counter Terrorism Intelligence Unit
East Midlands Counter Terrorism Intelligence Unit
West Midlands Counter Terrorism Unit
Welsh Extremism and Counter Terrorism Unit
North West Counter Terrorism Unit
North East Counter Terrorism Unit
Police Scotland Organised Crime and Counter Terrorism Unit
Police Service of Northern Ireland Crime Operations Department
Regional organised crime
South East Region Organised Crime Unit
South West Region Organised Crime Unit
Metropolitan Police Service Specialist, Organised and Economic Crime Command
Eastern Region Special Operations Unit
East Midlands Special Operations Unit
West Midland Regional Organised Crime Unit
Southern Wales Regional Organised Crime Unit
North West Regional Organised Crime Unit
North East Region Special Operations Unit
Special police forces
British Transport
Civil Nuclear
National Ballistics Intelligence Service
National Fraud Intelligence Bureau
National Domestic Extremism and Disorder Intelligence Unit
National Police Air Service
National Wildlife Crime Unit
Protection Command
Police Intellectual Property Crime Unit
ACPO / NPCC
National Counter Terrorism Security Office
National Vehicle Crime Intelligence Service
Counter Terrorism Internet Referral Unit
National Police Coordination Centre
ACRO Criminal Records Office
UK National Counter Terrorism Policing HQ
National Police Freedom of Information and Data Protection Unit


Let's see, moved to San Diego after college and became a pharmaceutical representative for a big drug company (oh who is surprised by that). Left CA for Dallas, TX had a couple of kids. Now living in Denver, CO and loving life. Any of you old ski buddies of mine better call if you do any Colorado skiing, o k .
I don't have just one funny school memory, just a million left in my head. Most of which I can't repeat, ha ha. Here's one, Brad Button, Bill Sawyer and I hanging out at Steve Habgoods house during school while his mom was at work. Memories of Rich Yalowitz teaching me how to drive a stick shift after school. Julie Wiegers, Lisa Gamble and I all dating executives at Camelback Inn. Some of which we married. Leigh Ann, April and I getting ready for school all in one bathroom after sleepovers. Betsy and I sneaking Billy and Tim in her parents house after they thought we went to bed. Good Times, Good Times.
Jill Jarres Mulgrew has a birthday today.
Jill Jarres Mulgrew added a comment on Profile.


Why is Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery Beneficial over Open Heart Surgery?
If you or your loved ones have a serious heart problem and under such serious circumstances, your doctor suggests heart surgery. Most of you will think about open heart surgery in which a large incision is made in your chest that would take maximum recovery time.
But, do you know that it has an alternative too which has been introduced a few years ago? Yes, minimally invasive cardiac surgery is it. However, it totally depends on your current heart's condition about what kind of surgery is required which is decided by your cardiac surgeon. Let's discuss them and under what circumstances each of them is applicable.
As per the survey conducted in 2017, minimally invasive surgeries had a contribution of 86 percent of total robotic surgeries carried out in the United States.
In conventional open-heart surgery, the time taken totally relates to the type of procedure carried out and the needs of the patient. For example, coronary artery bypass surgery takes 3 to 6 hours.
In this process, a 6-to-8 inch incision is done through the middle of the chest to access the heart. The cut goes through the breastbone. If required, the cardiac team might provide a heart-lung bypass machine to the patient as the heart functioning is actually paused during the procedure.
Role of Bypass machine: The machine actually takes over the heart's pumping function and extracts blood from the heart via tubes. Then, the carbon dioxide is removed from the blood, oxygen is filled and it is sent into the body. This procedure is 'on-pump' surgery and when the machine is not used, then it is 'off-pump' surgery.
Although, it is not confirmed which one is successful: 'off-pump' or 'on-pump. However, it has been concluded that the one-year survival rate chances of open heart surgery in either form are 96-97 percent.
In this surgical procedure, your surgeon makes several small incisions between your ribs. Afterward, surgical instruments via a tiny camera are inserted through the incision. These tools are connected to the robotic arm and supervised by the surgeon.
This surgical procedure is carried out for several different cardiac procedures including coronary bypass, aneurysm repair and valve surgery.
What are the benefits associated with minimally invasive heart surgery?
If you want to get treated for heart conditions you're going through, then India is the destination for affordable medical treatment. It has well-equipped hospitals, highly-qualified best cardiac surgeons in India, reach out to a well-established medical travel assistant company for medical visas and multiple opinions.
Cardiac surgeons nowadays prefer to perform minimally invasive cardiac surgery as it demands minimal pain and cosmetic loss as well as faster recovery time.
People treated with minimally invasive heart surgery are usually discharged after two to five days post surgery. It takes one to four weeks recovery period. However, your surgeon decides which surgery is best for you on the basis of your age, gender as well as overall health.
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The series comes to a close with its third and final issue. And while it's been mentioned before, I think it can't be understated that this comic only got worse as it went on. So with this being the final issue, we've officially arrived at the bottom of the barrel. Enjoy!
Aquaman didn't get his rabies shot.


No one escapes unharmed following a new report from Privacy International.
Justifying its controversial ruling, Privacy International said "we have witnessed an attitude to privacy within Google that at its most blatant is hostile, and at its most benign is ambivalent. These dynamics do not pervade other major players such as Microsoft or eBay, both of which have made notable improvements to the corporate ethos on privacy issues." It has also written an Open Letter to Google CEO Eric Schmidt.
Naturally enough, Google has disputed the findings with company rep Nicole Wong saying in a statement, "We are disappointed with Privacy International's report which is based on numerous inaccuracies and misunderstandings about our services. We recognise that user trust is central to our business and Google aggressively protects our users' privacy." Privacy International said it plans to release a far more detailed version of its report in September once it has had the chance to speak with all the firms involved.
Interestingly, the firms investigated read like a who's-who of the 2007 Internet landscape and consist of Amazon, AOL, Apple, the BBC, Bebo, eBay, Facebook, Friendster, Google, Hi5, Last.fm, LinkedIn, LiveJournal, Microsoft, Myspace, Orkut, Reunion.com, Skype, Wikipedia, Windows Live Space, Xanga, Yahoo! and YouTube. It is also worth noting that Google aside, no firms was ranked in the top 'Privacy Friendly' bracket with the BBC, eBay and Last.fm figuring best being described as "Generally privacy aware but in need of improvement".


A place where you can relax from your tiring day.
Bandara SyariahHotel Lampung featuring 47 guests room including Executive, Superior, and deluxe suites. The suites offer well-appointed modern facilities will ensuring that your stay is as comfortable as possible.


Take a load off with this Halloween Bench As Shopper Amenity. The "Stay for a Bite" throw pillow further encourages a longer respite. Just don't stay too long or you may end up like the fellow on the right, who's wife never came back for him on their shopping foray. This Halloween Bench As Shopper Amenity and store entry display courtesy of Lowes. Inspect for comfort in the gallery of images.


How performant is an application.
How much load can it handle.
How many concurrent requests can it serve.
How can you determine requests per second for an application.
What steps to take to increase serving capability for an application.
This post has as much code as theory.
This post assumes that you have a basic understanding of processes, threads. You can read our previous post for basic understanding of processes and threads.
In any web application there are many urls and associated handlers/controllers for each url. A url might respond in 200ms while another url might take 3 seconds. While determining performance of an application, choose the url which will be used most often and determine its performance.
In this post we will see how changing web server configuration changes performance with other factors remaining constant.
We will also see what web server configuration should be preferred for which application type. Example: How increasing number of server processes boosts performance for some applications while it reduces performance for other application types.
Applications could be compute intensive or network intensive or I/O intensive. Compute intensive applications can't get any benefit by making number of server workers or threads greater than number of CPU cores.
Network intensive or I/O intensive applications can benefit a lot by making several server workers/threads run on each core.
Suppose a url handler makes two db calls and takes a second to respond. In such case reducing number of db calls to 1 will reduce response time by half and number of requests served per second will get doubled.
There are many web servers. eg: Apache, Gunicorn, uwsgi etc. Apache might be better than gunicorn and might be able to handle more requests per second than gunicorn.
Increasing the number of cores or memory will improve the performance. If a single core machine is able to handle 10 requests per second for a computationally intensive application, then a machine with 2 cores should be able to handle 20 requests per second.
This might need properly configuring the web server to get maximum utilization from physical server.
Number of running web server processes influences performance. Similarly number of server threads in each process influences performance too.
Our demo physical server is a t1.micro instance with 1 GB RAM. It has a single core.
Demo application for this post uses Django/Python served from a Gunicorn application server.
Familiarity with Django would be helpful but you should be able to follow as long as you have understanding of any web framework.
Most web applications would be working with a database to fetch data.
We don't have a database setup. We are assuming that db used by the handler responds in 1 second. We are simulating a db call by making the code execution sleep for 1 second.
The important configuration variables are workers and threads. Ignore others.
If you want to setup gunicorn on your physical server, you can refer our previous post.
Default is 1. This means that only one gunicorn process would be running on the physical server.
If we make it 2, it would mean that 2 gunicorn processes would be running on the server.
Default is 1. This tells number of threads in each worker process. This means that each gunicorn worker is single threaded and isn't multithreaded.
Let's make two simultaneous request to this url.
Making two requests from browser will not be simultaneous as switching from one browser tab to another tab might take you more than a second. In that case you cannot properly observe time taken by the server to process two simultaneous requests.
Let's write a Python function to make simultaneous requests and log the time.
# The requests will be almost simultaneous.
# Second request will be made within nanoseconds of making the first request.
...:         thread.join()  # Wait for response for all the requests.
You can use curl or a shell script or any programming language using which you can simulate n simultaneous requests.
Print statements of the handler are printed. Print statements are printed again.
Based on prints, we can infer that second request's execution started after completion of first request.
You can see 5 sets of print statements.
As we increase number of simultaneous requests, response time is proportionately increasing.
For 2 requests, server takes around 2 seconds to respond.
For 5 requests, server takes around 5 seconds to respond.
For 10 requests, it would take around 10 seconds to respond.
Let's change gunicorn threadsfrom its default value of 1 to 5.
Gunicorn process will have 5 threads now. And each thread is capable of serving a request. Hence 5 requests can be simultaneosly served.
Let's make 5 simultaneous requests again.
Each gunicorn thread could handle a request.
Processor kept switching between all these 5 threads.
This way all 5 requests being processed by 5 different threads got a chance to execute concurrently without waiting for completion of any request.
Print pattern also suggests that execution of 5 requests started before waiting for completion of first request.
We can accomplish this performance boost by increasing number of workers instead of number of threads. We will change threads back to 1 and increase workers to 5 instead.
Here, processor executed 5 processes parallely.
waking     -> One worker, say worker 1, finished execution.
waking     -> Another worker, say worker 2, finished execution. This print was executed before last print statement of worker 1 could execute.
1.00396203995 in this function  -> Worker 1 last print statement. Worker 1 free now and can serve another request.
waking     -> Probably worker 3 woke up.
We made 10 simultaneous requests.
First 5 requests were assigned to 5 running gunicorn processes.
First 5 requests were concurrently handled during 1st second. 5 remaining requests were waiting to be executed during this time. During next second each gunicorn process picked up another request after completing a request. That's why it took around 2 seconds to get response for 10 requests.
Let's restart gunicorn. Now there are 5 gunicorn processes running and each process is running 2 threads.
sleeping -> 'sleeping' repeated 10 times before any 'waking'.
Based on these examples we can infer that making number of threads/workers greater than number of cores improves the performance for a network intensive and I/O intensive application.
You have to keep RAM usage under consideration while tuning the number of workers and threads.
Code execution for a handler needs memory. While worker is processing a request, sufficient memory must be available. If handling each request needs 50 MB and you have 5 workers and 1 thread running, you must ensure that 250 MB free RAM is there after starting gunicorn.
Curent configuration has 2 workers and 5 threads for each worker. So 10 requests will be handled concurrently.
Each request takes around 1 second to respond.
So with current configuration server can handle 10 requests per second.
If the handler is changed to time.sleep(0.5), i.e if each request could respond in approximately 0.5 seconds then server would be able to handle 20 requests per second.
If we change number of workers to 3 and 5 threads for each worker, then with time.sleep(0.5), server would be able to handle 3*5*2, i,e 30 requests per second.
Suppose we use a machine with 2 cores.
On single core machine if we were using 2 workers, then on double core machine we should use 4 workers. This assumes that there is sufficient RAM available to be allocated to 4 workers.
A dual core machine would be able to handle 4*5, i.e 20 requests per second, assuming each request responds in a second.
If we found that 3 workers with 5 thread each is an optimum combination on a single core machine, then we should use 6 workers on a dual core machine.
Earlier sections discussed about I/O bound applications. Let's talk about CPU bound applications.
print time.time() - st, "in this function"
Let's change UrlThread used by make_n_requests to work with this new url.
Let's change gunicorn configuration to have a single worker and single thread.
It takes around 0.5 seconds in the handler as you can see from server log. And it takes around 1 second for request and response to travel on the wire. So in total it takes around 1.5 seconds.
Each request takes around 0.5 seconds to complete. Plus there is an additional time for request and response to move over the wire. In total it takes around 3 seconds.
Time to get response for n requests is increasing linearly as we increase n.
With a single worker and single thread, time to get response for simultaneous requests was increasing linearly with number of requests in I/O bound handler too.
We didn't get any advantage by increasing number of threads. Instead the performance deteriorated.
Event different requests didn't complete in 0.5 second as was happening with single thread. The CPU time was split between 5 threads and so instead of 0.5 seconds it took 2.6 seconds for each request to complete.
In CPU bound applications, CPU isn't idle. So multiple threads don't provide an advantage.
CPU time is split between threads, which infact leads to longer response time for each request.
Thread switching brings a performance hit. That's why we saw response time for 5 requests going up from 2.9 seconds to 3.3 seconds for 5 simultaneous requests.
There is no definite answer for how many workers and threads will provide maximum performance. It's a matter of tuning and finding out.
Making number of workers/threads greater than number of cores almost always leads to higher number of requests per second handling in a I/O bound application.
Making number of workers/threads greater than number of cores almost always leads to reduced number of requests per second handling in a CPU bound application.
Making number of workers/threads greater than number of cores leads to increase in response time for each request in a CPU bound application.
Thank you for reading the Agiliq blog. This article was written by akshar on Nov 15, 2017 in gunicorn .


text:
package com.abbcc.springrest.controller.user.group;

import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Order;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Projections;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Property;
import org.hibernate.criterion.Restrictions;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.abbcc.models.GroupNavigator;
import com.abbcc.models.GroupSeo;
import com.abbcc.service.GroupNavigatorService;
import com.abbcc.service.GroupSeoService;
import com.abbcc.springrest.controller.BaseController;
import com.abbcc.util.ObjectUtil;
import com.abbcc.util.StringUtil;

@SuppressWarnings("serial")
@Controller
@Scope("prototype")
@RequestMapping("/group/seo")
public class SeoController extends BaseController<GroupSeo> {

	@Autowired
	private GroupSeoService seoService;
	@Autowired
	private GroupNavigatorService navigatorService;

	private Map<String, String> navigatorRouteMap = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();

	@RequestMapping(value = "/list")
	public String list(String navigatorId) {
		DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(GroupNavigator.class);
		dc.add(Property.forName("enterpriseId").eq(
				this.getCurrentUser().getEnterpriseId()));
		dc.add(Property.forName("display").eq("1"));
		if (navigatorId == null) {
			dc.add(Restrictions.eq("grade", 1));
		} else {
			dc.add(Restrictions.eq("parentId", navigatorId));
		}
		dc.addOrder(Order.asc("sort"));
		List<GroupNavigator> list = navigatorService.findAllByCriteria(dc);
		for(GroupNavigator g : list) {
			dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(GroupNavigator.class);
			dc.add(Property.forName("parentId").eq(g.getNavigatorId()));
			g.setChildSize(navigatorService.getCountByCriteria(dc));
		}
		navigatorRoute(navigatorId);
		this.deposit("navigatorList", list);
		return "group/seo/list";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/editPage")
	public String editPage(String page) {
		DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(entityClass);
		dc.add(Property.forName("enterpriseId").eq(this.getCurrentUser().getEnterpriseId()));
		dc.add(Property.forName("page").eq(page));
		this.resultList = seoService.findAllByCriteria(dc);
		if(!resultList.isEmpty()) {
			 this.entity = resultList.get(0);
		}

//		dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(GroupNavigator.class);
//		dc.add(Restrictions.eq("enterpriseId", this.getCurrentUser()
//				.getEnterpriseId())).add(Restrictions.eq("page", page));
//		dc.setProjection(Property.forName("name"));
//		deposit("page", page);
//		deposit("name", navigatorService.findAllByCriteria(dc).get(0));
		return "group/seo/edit";
	}

	@RequestMapping(value = "/save")
	public String save() {
		entity.setEnterpriseId(this.getCurrentUser().getEnterpriseId());
		seoService.saveOrUpdate(entity);

		String navigatorId = this.getRequest().getParameter("navigatorId");
		String parentId = null;
		if(StringUtil.isNotBlank(navigatorId)) {
			DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(GroupNavigator.class);
			dc.add(Property.forName("navigatorId").eq(navigatorId));
			parentId = navigatorService.findAllByCriteria(dc).get(0).getParentId();
		}
		return list(parentId);
	}

	/**
	 * 递归,返回路径
	 *
	 * @param navigatorId
	 */
	private void navigatorRoute(String navigatorId) {
		DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(GroupNavigator.class);
		dc.add(Restrictions.eq("enterpriseId", this.getCurrentUser()
				.getEnterpriseId()));
		dc.add(Restrictions.eq("navigatorId", navigatorId));
		List<GroupNavigator> list = navigatorService.findAllByCriteria(dc);
		if (!list.isEmpty()) {
			navigatorRouteMap.put(navigatorId, list.get(0).getName());
			navigatorRoute(list.get(0).getParentId());
		}
		ObjectUtil.reverse(navigatorRouteMap);
		this.deposit("navigatorRoute", navigatorRouteMap);
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Android programming - Multiline EditText inside ListView I have a ListView, in which each row contains a TextView and an EditText. I find that I can't get multiline with this EditText. Whatever I type in it, the string doesn't wrap to next line. Besides, the soft keyboard doesn't show "Enter key" -- instead, it shows a "Done" key.
If I copy the  block to outside ListView, it works as multiline. But it doesn't work inside ListView.
I'll appreciate it if anyone can shed some light. Thank you!
My ListView row has this layout:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:orientation="horizontal">

<TextView
    android:layout_width="140dp"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:gravity="center_vertical|right"
    android:paddingLeft="3dp"
    android:paddingRight="5dp"
    android:id="@+id/listitem_maindesc"
    android:textColor="#000000"
    android:textSize="16sp"></TextView>

<EditText
    android:id="@+id/listitem_entry"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:textSize="16sp"
    android:singleLine="false"
    android:lines="3"
    android:minLines="3"
    android:inputType="textMultiLine"
    />

</LinearLayout>

A: I solved a problem equal to this, but changing my OnKeyListener to return false.

A: I think problem is with your xml because you have not defined in xml that editText should not go above textView so it will take maximum length .
try this :
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
    <TextView
      android:layout_width="140dp"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
      android:paddingLeft="3dp"
      android:paddingRight="5dp"
      android:id="@+id/listitem_maindesc"
      android:textColor="#000000"
      android:layout_centerVertical="true"
      android:textSize="16sp" >  </TextView>

    <EditText
      android:id="@+id/listitem_entry"
      android:layout_width="wrap_content"
      android:layout_height="wrap_content"
      android:textSize="16sp"
      android:singleLine="false"
      android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
      android:layout_toLeftOf=""
      android:layout_centerVertical="true"
      android:inputType="textMultiLine"       />
</RelativeLayout>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Q: How to insert a line break  after every  tag? I want to insert a line break
 after every  tag using CSS. I tried
a {
    display:inline;
}
a:after {
    content:"\a";
    white-space: pre;
}

but it does not work, I tested it in Chrome?
My Question
How to insert a line break
 after every  using CSS?

A: Make it a block level element, perhaps?
a { display: block; }

Fiddle here.

A: You can't do this with CSS - that isn't what it was intended for.
You can use Javascript to do this.

A: That is obvious that you can not define content by using css. You can use simple Jquery $("a").after("html here");


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NACCS Award Deadline 2016-2017
June 15, 2016 12:02 AM , editor@naccs.org
2017 NACCS Scholar
The National Association for Chicana and Chicano Studies invites nominations for the NACCS Scholar Award. The Award was established in 1981 to recognize "life achievement" contributions of scholars to Chicana and Chicano Studies. Deadline for submissions is October 3, 2016 (postmarked). See NACCS Scholar link on left side for information (announcement at towards the bottom of screen). See past Scholar recipients
Frederick A. Cervantes Student Premio
Are you an Undergraduate or Graduate student? If so, NACCS seeks submissions from Undergraduate and Graduate scholars that contribute to Chicana and Chicano Studies, an interdisciplinary area of study. Deadline for submission is October 9, 2016.
The Antonia I. Castañeda Prize
The award is in recognition of a published scholarly article or book chapter of an historical orientation on the intersection of class, race, gender, and sexuality as related to Chicana/Latina and/ Native/Indigenous women. The piece must have been published in the previous year (2015) by a woman who is an ABD graduate student, pre-tenured faculty member, or an independent scholar. The award is designed to promote and acknowledge scholarship of an historical orientation by Chicana/Latina and/or Native/Indigenous scholars working on issues of intersectionality. No books or creative writing considered. Deadline: November 1, 2016.
Immigrant Student Beca
NACCS offers scholarships for current undocumented immigrant students who are committed to furthering the well being of Chicanas and Chicanos. Applicants must be members of NACCS, be enrolled in an accredited degree-granting institution and be an immigrant of Chicana/o heritage. The NACCS Immigrant Student Beca Fund was founded in 2008 to help Chicana and Chicano college students complete their education. The scholarships are available on a competitive basis for community college, four-year college, and graduate students. Awards range from $100 to $500. Deadline: October 16, 2016.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Are we heading towards a world of AI-driven malware?
We're no strangers to 'AI in cybersecurity', but what about when it's in the wrong hands?
20 June 2019 | 31 Shares
TechHQ
@TechHQ
editor@techhq.com
The next level in malware? Source: Shutterstock
Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) technologies have been eagerly embraced across industries, and the cybersecurity sector is no different.
How security teams are turning to decoy networks
Here, some vendors— or at least their marketing departments— say that AI-driven 'smart detection' is the only way to keep pace with the proliferation of new threats.
But what we hear less about is how threat actors on the other side of the barbed-wire fence could be about to deploy the same types of technologies to their own advantage.
Some of the more headline-grabbing examples could be the use of convincing AI-driven DeepFake videos in sophisticated spear-phishing attacks— the next stage of evolution for impersonation attacks.
To similar ends, cybercriminals could use AI to scan social media sites, identifying prime target individuals; or turn the technology to the rapid creation of personalized spam emails.
Captcha solving, meanwhile, is already proving child's play for machine learning.
However, according to Malwarebyte's new white paper When Artificial intelligence Goes Awry, AI technology could soon bring us into the unwelcome age of 'malware 2.0'.
While there are currently no examples of AI-powered malware 'in the wild' says Malwarebytes, if the technology opened new avenues for profit, "threat actors will be standing in line to buy kits on the dark market or use GitHub open source […]"
Malware that adapts and learns with AI
The biggest concern regarding AI's use in malware is that new strains would be able to learn from detection events. If a strain of malware was able to determine what caused its detection, the same behavior or characteristic could be avoided the next time around.
If a worm's code was the reason for its compromise, for example, automated malware authors could rescript it. If attributes of behavior caused its detection, randomness could be added to foil pattern-matching rules.
The use of AI could also improve a method of certain Trojan malware variants, where they create new file versions of themselves to fool detection routines.
IBM and DeepLocker malware
While some believe AI-driven malware could be years away— if on the horizon at all— IBM has researched how existing AI models can be combined with current malware techniques to create 'challenging new breeds' in a project dubbed DeepLocker.
Comparing its potential capabilities to a "sniper attack" as opposed to traditional malware's "spray and pray" approach, IBM said Deeplocker was designed for stealth: "It flies under the radar, avoiding detection until the precise moment it recognizes a specific target."
In this case, a deep neural network AI model is used to unlock the attack when numerous but unique trigger conditions are met— otherwise, it remains out of sight.
DeepLocker is able to leverage the "black-box" nature of the DNN AI model to conceal the trigger condition. A simple "if this, then that" trigger condition is transformed into a deep convolutional network of the AI model that is very hard to decipher. In addition to that, it is able to convert the concealed trigger condition itself into a "password" or "key" that is required to unlock the attack payload.
Should you prepare for AI malware?
With DeepLocker demonstrating the capabilities are there, it's not hard to imagine that other forms of AI-driven malware could be in production, suggests Malwarebytes.
Newly-acquired traits as a result of the technology could include the ability to change behavior or characteristics based on environment, deleting itself when it suspects it's being analyzed and deploying malicious activities on specified systems.
While there is no concrete timescale on when or if we start waging war against AI-weaponized malware, the advice is the same as any other speculative threat (and as limited)— to be proactive.
"As long as we're still only speculating on the exact form and extent of future threats, however, it will be difficult to take specific measures," reads the report. "But we are seeing some forward-thinking developments by governments and cybersecurity organizations."
Automation CIO


What is an FHA loan and how do I qualify?
An FHA loan is a home loan that is insured by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). This offers a guarantee to the lender: if you fail to repay the mortgage, FHA will step up and repay the lender instead. Because of this guarantee, lenders are willing to make mortgage loans in cases when they'd otherwise be unwilling to approve the loan.
To fund this obligation, the FHA charges borrowers a fee. Home buyers who use FHA loans pay a mortgage insurance premium (MIP) as well as a modest ongoing fee with each monthly payment. If you default on an FHA loan, the FHA uses those collected insurance premiums to pay back the lender.
Down payments as small as 3.5%.
The FHA makes it relatively easy to qualify for a loan.
No Income limits. This program is typically geared to lower income and first time home buyers, but if you do have a higher income, you are not disqualified like other programs.
Credit score: borrowers with lower credit scores are more likely to get approved if they apply for an FHA loan.
Debt to income ratios: to qualify for an FHA loan, you'll still need meet specific debt to income ratios, but often times these ratios may not be as strict as other programs.
To figure out how much you might spend on a mortgage payment, use our Mortgage calculator.
FHA loans come with many appealing features, but you may find that FHA loans are not the best option for you. The main drawback is that the upfront mortgage insurance premium (and ongoing premiums) can cost more than private mortgage insurance (PMI) would cost. In some cases, if you have good credit, even with little down, you may find a more competitive offers that beat FHA loans such as a first time home buyer program.
For more questions about FHA loans and qualifications or to look at other mortgage programs that might be right for you contact a Genisys Credit Union Mortgage Representative.
Can I qualify for a mortgage with my credit score?
How do I figure out how much I can afford?
What is the difference between Fixed and Adjustable Rate Mortgage?
What is PMI and can it be avoided?


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Class Size Matters Parent Action Conference 2019! Be there or be square
Our Parent Action Conference, co- sponsored with NYC Kids PAC and CEC 2, will be held Saturday, March 9 at the Peck Slip School in Lower Manhattan.
For more info and to reserve your seat now go to our Eventbrite page here. Here's a flyer you can post in your schools. Thanks!
Labels: PAC 2019, Peck Slip School
LA strike tentatively settled with national implications; here's how to counter myths of the class size deniers
Today, it was announced that a deal has been struck between the Los Angeles teacher union and the district leadership, which will likely end the strike. Here is my previous explanation of how the district's excessive class sizes were a central issue in the strike and central to the union's concerns.
Los Angeles Mayor Garcetti said, "This is a historic agreement, it gets to lower class sizes, it gets to support services." According to the New York Times, " the three men declined to give specific details, but said that the county and city would pay for some services and that class sizes would be reduced incrementally in every school starting next year." More on the agreement here. The press conference announcing the deal is here.
Depending on the details, this looks like a terrific victory for the union and most importantly, for Los Angeles public school students.
Class size has once again become a focus of national attention as a result of the week-long strike. See for example, last Saturday's SNL segment, where Kenan Thompson one and half minutes in says, "Teachers don't gain paid enough, class sizes are too big". Or the photo posted a few days ago by Oscar-nominate actor Rami Malek of his twin brother, Sami, an LAUSD teacher dressed as a cowboy, holding a sign saying "Wanted: smaller class sizes; Reward: higher student achievement."
Scores of teachers from around the country have been using social media over the last week to speaking out about how overly large classes have undermined their ability to reach their students. Senator Jeff Merkley of Oregon, a rumored candidate for President, just announced that he intends to introduce legislation soon that would "present a national plan for reinvesting in public education and reducing class sizes across America."
Merkley's office explained: "He's seen up close the disturbing trend of disinvestment in public education and growing class sizes: His children attended the same public schools he did, but faced much larger class sizes and fewer elective options. We're a wealthier nation than we were 40 years ago, so there's no excuse for our public schools to be more poorly funded, or to offer less to low-income and working families."
Yet as time goes on and the issue gains more prominence, we can expect that the corporate reformers and their allies will start attacking efforts to reduce class size with everything they've got - tossing out various talking points in a desperate attempt to confuse and distract members of the public.
Most reasonable people will likely be sympathetic to the notion that kids learn best in small classes where they can receive sufficient feedback and support from their teachers, and there's plenty of research to back that up. But like climate deniers supported by the fossil fuel industry, there are plenty of class size deniers, often inside-the-beltway talking heads who have benefited from funding from Bill Gates or other ed tech billionaires, eager to have students taught by software in their preferred version of "personalized learning" - or conservatives who don't want more public money to be spent on public schools and would prefer to see them privatized instead.
Climate deniers at various times have claimed that there is little research to show that climate change is caused by human activities releasing C02, or if it is, it's too expensive to reduce these emissions. If pressed, they may then argue, even if we could afford to lower emissions by 10-20%, that wouldn't make enough difference, so why bother.
The arguments of the class size deniers generally run along the same lines:
1- There is little research to show that class size matters.
2- Even if research shows class size matters, it's too expensive to do anything about it.
3- With the following corollary: assuming we can afford to lower class size, reducing them by one or two students per class is unlikely to make any measurable improvement.
All of these assertions were made in an article this weekend on NPR, by reporter Kyle Stokes, who began his story by saying that "There are studies, if few and far-between, to support parents' and teachers' intuition that smaller classes are better for kids." Umm, no. There are a wealth of studies showing smaller class sizes provide a host of benefits to kids - check out this fact sheet for just some of them.
Then Stokes went on to say that even though there is research to show that lowering class size improves schools, he questioned whether it "produces enough benefits to be worth the price tag, especially when it comes at the expense of another program that might help high-needs students," though he failed to offer any evidence of specific alternatives that have been shown to provide more benefits. On twitter, he added, "But even after $130M, most @LASchools classes would still be in the 30's."
Of course course class sizes of 30 or more are still too large - and should really be reduced to 20 or less. But to use that argument against making any attempt to lower class size at all is like saying, since average temperatures of 100 degrees are already too high, there's no point in lowering them from 115 degrees. In fact the research shows that the benefits of class size reduction are roughly linear - and that every student makes a difference in how many other kids in the class are able to succeed.
One of the DC talking heads Stokes interviewed is Matt Chingos, who has made a career out of arguing against lowering class size in schools. He's written not one but two unconvincing reports with these claims.See his 2011 Brookings Institute report, for example, co-authored by Grover Whitehurst. While citing several authoritative studies indicating that smaller classes result in more learning, they still argue that school spending on class size should instead be divertedto other programs with far less evidence behind them, such as "reconstituting the teacher workforce ....by substituting Teach for America teachers for new teachers from traditional training routes"; "enrolling students in popular charter schools in urban areas" and/or using more "computer-aided instruction." (Brookings had received a million dollars from the Gates Foundation the previous year, "to better assess the likely success of any strategy designed to improve the life prospects of children and youth." )
Chingos wrote another report for Center for American Progress, funded by the Gates Foundation, which straight out claimed, again without any evidence, that education funding would be better spent elsewhere.
To the contrary, have been at least two peer-reviewed cost-benefit studies on class size, one by economist Alan Krueger, that in grades K-3, showing that "the benefits of reducing class size are estimated to be around twice the cost" with even greater benefits likely for poor kids and students of color, and another study analyzing students in the middle grades, that estimates that "in urban schools, the economic benefits from investing in smaller classes would be nearly twice the cost."
A few years ago I created a fact sheet that rebuts each of the favorite talking points of the class size deniers, called The seven myths of Class Size Reduction - and the Truth. This was adapted from a Huffington Post article I wrote on the same topic. Please download it and share it whenever the next Gates-funded corp reformer tries to argue otherwise. I predict that the more parents and teachers try to advocate for smaller classes in their schools, the more the class size deniers will come out of the woodwork in attempt to block any attempts to provide simple equity and educational justice for public school students -- particularly in our highest need districts -- by reducing class size.
Labels: class size, LA strike, Seven myths of class size
NYSAPE urges a NO vote on the bill that will continue to link teacher evaluation to test scores
Update: 1/24/19: The bill was approved by the Senate and Assembly, despite more than 1,300 emails opposing it, as it keeps the state's teacher evaluation system linked to student assessments. A good oped which explains this issue by Aaron Pallas was published in today's Daily News here.
1/23/19: Today, please call your State Senator and your Assemblymember to urge them to vote no. More info and a script are on the NYSAPE website here.
Despite the misinformation about this bill, it continues to link student test scores to teacher evaluation in ways that are invalid and potentially damaging, as the below press release from NYSAPE points out. Though now the tests will be locally selected from a list created by the Commission, this may include the state exams or another assessment, in which case students would face double the amount of testing. And the dreaded HEDI matrix will remain in force. You can read a copy of the bill yourself.
A meeting on the bill will be held by the NY Senate Education committee at 10:00 AM on Tuesday; you can email your legislators by clicking the link on the message below, and/or call them. Calls have more impact generally than emails.
The teacher evaluation system in New York state was originally left totally up to districts, where it should return. If this new law is passed, it will be the ninth change in the state teacher evaluation system since 2008 by my count. More on the history of these various laws and regulations here and here.
More information contact:
Lisa Rudley (917) 414-9190; nys.allies@gmail.com
Jeanette Deutermann (516) 902-9228; nys.allies@gmail.com
NYS Allies for Public Education - NYSAPE
Link to Press Release
NYSAPE Urges Legislators to Vote NO to APPR Bill that Will Permanently Link High-Stakes Testing to Teacher and Principal Evaluations
This week, the NYS Assembly and Senate are expected to pass a teacher/principal evaluation bill that will amend the way NYS evaluates teachers and principals. Parents and educators who have taken a stand against the damaging effects of high-stakes testing vehemently oppose this legislation. Rather than the minor tweaks proposed in this legislation, we demand an immediate end to the mandated use of student test scores and student performance measures in the evaluation of educators and the closure of schools. Parents and Educators implore lawmakers to slow down and do further research. Please Take Action and write to your legislators in Albany to stop this speeding train!
Contrary to the claims of some supporters of the legislation, a close examination of the bills indicates that they continue to link teacher evaluations to student growth as measured by test scores and give the state education commissioner the power to shut down or take over schools based on state test results.
Reports of "decoupling" test scores from teacher evaluations are misleading and do not tell the whole truth. The proposed legislation does nothing to dismantle the current test-and-punish system. Under the proposed legislation, a district is no longer mandated to use the flawed grades 3-8 state assessments for evaluative purposes. However, districts must still use some type of test to evaluate teachers and principals.
How would this legislation work? School districts would still be required to administer all state assessments, but would have a choice between using the grades 3-8 state assessments for teacher evaluation or a different test altogether. If a district chooses not to use the grades 3-8 state assessments, the district must then select a separate assessment (often in addition to state exams) to be used in their evaluation plan. In addition to doubling down on high-stakes testing, the proposed legislation will logically lead to even MORE testing for students.
Despite the American Statistical Association and the National Science Foundation's conclusion that evaluating teachers based on their students' test scores produces statistically invalid results and does not improve learning outcomes, these bills ensure that 50% of teacher and principal evaluations will continue to be based on student assessments. This is hardly a victory. (For more on the 50% issue, see this article.)
Bianca Tanis, special education teacher and public school parent said, "I am disappointed by the misinformation campaign surrounding these bills. They perpetuate the same junk science that forces educators to teach to a test. At the end of the day, there is nothing about this legislation that is pedagogically sound."
"Many professional organizations representing educators and stakeholders have expressed serious misgivings. The legislators must take the time to do further research and make an informed decision," said Lisa Rudley, Westchester County public school parent, Ossining School Board member, and founding member of NYSAPE.
"We understand that some support of this legislation focuses on local control and the ability of school districts and local unions to choose their own tests for evaluation plans through collective bargaining. However, these bills put the burden of evaluating a teacher squarely on the backs of children through test performance. An evaluation system that pressures children and ignores research is reckless and morally flawed," said Jeanette Deutermann, leader of Long Island Opt Out.
"The receivership component of the law means schools can be closed because a handful of students perform poorly on state tests. The stakes attached to these exams have never been higher. In no way does it help teachers become better at their jobs or schools to improve. This legislation does not even come close to decoupling high-stakes testing from the ways we evaluate our teachers and schools," said Kemala Karmen, co-founder of NYC Opt Out.
Education historian Diane Ravitch points out, "The current teacher evaluation law (APPR) was passed to make New York eligible for federal funding from the Race to the Top program in 2010. Under this law, 97% of teachers in the state were rated either effective or highly effective. The law is ineffective. It should be wholly repealed, rather than amended as proposed. Let the state continue setting high standards for teachers and let local districts design their own evaluation plans, without requiring that they be tied to any sort of student test scores."
Jamaal Bowman, Bronx middle school principal, said, "It is time to bring together parents, scholars, students, doctors, educators, and all who care about our children to create policy that equitably nurtures the brilliance in every child. Why are we still discussing teachers and standardized tests without discussing the toxic stress that greatly harms our children daily, and the lack of opportunity that exists for so many children across the state?"
"The entire idea of basing teacher evaluations on student growth is not only invalid, it is destructive. It alters the relationship between students and teachers--poorly performing students become a threat to job security. Districts will create new metrics that are just as unreliable and invalid as those based on the grades 3-8 test scores and Regents exams," said Carol Burris, Executive Director of the Network for Public Education and a former New York State High School Principal of the Year.
"The day has come to call on all legislators to legislate and for all educators to educate. We need our legislators to stay out of the way when it comes to creating educational policy, especially when it has to do with evaluating teachers and principals. We need to bring trust back into the educational space. It all starts with trust, and we must trust the fact that using any test score to evaluate an educator is not only wrong, it's just bad practice," said Dr. Michael Hynes, Patchogue Medford School District.
The parents and educators in NYS who voted in this new legislative body are relying on them to slow down and take the necessary time to enact research-based legislation that will protect children, educators, and local control.
Please Take Action and write to your legislators in Albany to stop this speeding train!
NYSAPE is a grassroots coalition with over 50 parent and educator groups across the state.
Labels: NYSAPE, state bill, teacher evaluation, testing
What LA teachers are teaching the country about the need to reduce class size
Last week I published a column on the Washington Post Answer Sheet about how class size is the central issue in the Los Angeles teacher strike, now going on for a week.
Los Angeles schools have a $1.8 billion surplus, and yet Superintendent Austin Beutner still insists that he can ignore any and all class size caps in the teacher contract, because of a loophole that was inserted in the contract after the great recession hit, a decade ago.
Ignoring these contractual caps - which are still too high -- means that class sizes in Los Angeles can rise to 35 or 40 in many schools, which are ridiculously large and far too large to provide any student with sufficient feedback from their teachers.
In the piece, I also explained how many insiders suspect that the real reason the pro-charter LA school board and Superintendent so obdurately refuse to lower class size is that this would take up space in their schools that instead they'd prefer to give to the expanding charter schools.
I also dispute the risible claims made in an oped by Arne Duncan, in which he tossed in the red herring of unreliable average class size data as cited by the district, rather than admit that the real focus of discontent among parents and teachers are the maximum class sizes that many LA students suffer. Duncan also went on to repeat the tired straw man argument that parents would prefer their children have a good teacher than a small class- as though that's a real world choice any parent should have to make.
Class sizes have increased across the country since the recession, and even though we're a decade past that point, school budgets haven't fully recovered. I'm encouraged that in Los Angeles as well as many of the other states where teachers led strikes and walk-outs last year, including Oklahoma, Colorado, and Arizona, this has led to a resurgence in people's awareness of the key issue of class size, because its a too often-ignored component of any real school improvement strategy.
Despite all the more trendy proposals will concerning online learning, community schools or pre-K expansion, class sizes in grades K-12 are far too large in most public schools around the country to provide kids with a real opportunity too learn. As Dale Farran, one of the lead investigators in the Vanderbilt preK study -- the most authoritative large-scale experiment ever done on expanding preK, has concluded:
"Too much has been promised from one year of preschool intervention without the attention needed to the quality of experiences children have and what happens to them in K-12."
Here in NYC, class sizes also remain far bigger than they were when the state's highest court said they were too large to offer students their constitutional right to a sound basic education in the decision in the CFE case.
The union class size caps in NYC public schools are also are far too large, and haven't been lowered in over fifty years - despite all the research showing how critical this issue is for student success, especially for disadvantaged students and students of color. And this is despite the fact that 99% of NYC teachers say reducing class size would improve our schools - far outstripping any other reform.
Over 336,000 NYC students are crammed into class sizes of 30 or more, and our average class sizes are 15-30% higher than those in the rest of the state. For more of the latest class size data this fall, including sharp increases since 2007, check out our powerpoint here.
Time to do something about this here in NYC? Leave your comments below.
But first, check out the video below of Diane Ravitch speech at a UTLA rally at Alexander Hamilton High School in Los Angeles on Wednesday, saying the best thing that could come out of the LA strike is a real cap on class size and a real cap on charter schools.
Labels: class size, class size caps, Diane Ravitch, Los Angeles strike
NYSED releases a new list of supposedly struggling schools in need of support - including those removed from this designation by the commissioner
Last evening, Commissioner Elia released a new list of schools and whether they are in good standing, or identified for Comprehensive support (supposed to be applied to the lowest 5% of schools, according to the formula used in NYS ESSA plan) or targeted support (supposed to be applied to the lowest 10% of schools.)
The full list and more info is available here. Schools identified for comprehensive support will receive an unspecified amount of extra money from the state to self-evaluate and implement their choice of "evidence-based" improvements from a list of options supplied to by NYSED, as explained in Chalkbeat here:
Eighty-four of the city's schools are on the lowest rung — known as "Comprehensive Support and Improvement Schools" — and will be required to craft improvement plans approved by the state. The remaining 40 schools are only in need of "targeted" support and will face less intense oversight.
The lowest-performing schools were identified partly because they were in the bottom 10 percent of schools across the state on a combined measure of growth and proficiency on state tests — the biggest factor that went into their rating. For the first time, state officials also took into account science exams, progress on a test taken by English learners, and rates of chronic absenteeism.
At the high school level, graduation played a big role, and any school that did not graduate 67 percent of its students within six years was automatically identified. New measures of college and career readiness were also factored in.
Five of the NYC schools identified as needing comprehensive support (CSI) schools are charters: New Visions Charter High School For Humanities II, New Visions Aim Charter High School II, New Dawn Charter HS, Opportunity Charter School, and New Visions Charter High School For Humanities II.
How schools' opt out rates figure into their identification is unclear, according to the official account offered by Ira Schwartz of NYSED.
One measure of achievement, called the Weighted Average Achievement Index, assumes opt out students were level ones, another called the Core Subject Performance Index excludes opt out students from the calculation altogether. Then the two measures are combined to make a Composite performance level in a manner that is so confusing way I cannot understand it. [If you can, please explain below.]
112 schools statewide that might have been identified as either CSI or TSI schools were moved into the "good standing" category are designated as GS# - meaning "Accountability status is based on a finding by the Commissioner of extenuating or extraordinary circumstances."
Forty-one of the schools moved into good standing are in NYC, including three charter schools -- Urban Dove, Lindsay Wildcat Academy and New Visions Aim Charter 1. One district -- District 22 -- was also moved into the good standing category by the Commissioner, presumably after an appeal by the Chancellor. (Someone should ask the Chancellor about this.)
To the right and above are the only NYC districts in Good standing - meaning they have no schools needing comprehensive support. The list of struggling schools and districts is surprising in many ways. Several schools are identified as needing Comprehensive support despite the fact that all their student subgroups are listed as in good standing, which I don't understand either.
Labels: Commissioner Elia, comprehensive support, ESSA, good standing, targeted support
Class Size Matters Parent Action Conference 2019! ...
LA strike tentatively settled with national implic...
NYSAPE urges a NO vote on the bill that will conti...
What LA teachers are teaching the country about th...
NYSED releases a new list of supposedly struggling...
Why too many Renewal schools have failed to show r...
Why parents should apply to run for their Communit...
Educators - please join us for a free webinar on J...
New Yorkers Demand the Board of Regents & NYSED re...


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Don't Let Daddy Know Amsterdam 2016
March 11, 2016 Alexander Bouten
On the 5th March the successful Don't Let Daddy Know concept of E&A Events touched down the Ziggodome for the third time. It sold out again thanks to a pretty fresh line-up and the popularity of the concept. Headliner Steve Angello made this edition extra special so we couldn't resist to check it out. Read our experience below.
The Ziggodome remains one of the best locations in the Netherlands, the massive LED-screens on each side of the building are simply very impressive. We arrived quite early in order to catch a bit of the opening set of talent Asonn. The massive queue at the entrance suggested that many people decided the same. As is quite usual for DLDK events people brought out their flags to represent their country. Always a cool view.
Entering the Ziggodome via the stands we were instantly amazed by the stage. Loads of lights, lasers, confetti-canons & fireworks-canons altogether with a huge amount of LED-screens behind the DJ booth.
After Asonn, mister Don Diablo took over the decks & got everybody in the mood for a big party. His set featured tracks like 'Anytime is house time', 'On My Mind' and 'Chemicals'. Exactly what the crowd was asking for.
The intro of Dannic's set blew us away. Fireworks, very cool golden dancers & a nice voice-over got us & the rest of the crowd very excited. Dannic played quite a lot of upcoming track from his label Fonk Recordings and hits like 'lucky ones' and 'heroes'.
Sunnery James & Ryan Marciano are a duo with a unique sound that in our view definitely fit to the Don't Let Daddy Know concept. The sound which could be called 'Sexy By Nature' is something we really enjoy & the crowd clearly felt the same way. During their set the DLDK triangles at the ceiling started moving up & down and their lights & lasers were activated, definitely a cool effect. Next to that the DLDK bracelets of everybody started lighting up in white & red which caused an amazing view from the stands.
The moment we had been waiting for was there before we knew it: Steve Angello! The legend & obviously former Swedish House Maffia member created an eclectic atmosphere in the entire Ziggodome. This can't be called a surprise at all because his music is so well produced & he's hardly ever playing in the Netherlands. We got so happy because one of his first tracks was 'Greyhound' & he just kept playing bangers. Of course his set also included some gems of his latest album 'Wild Youth'.
Blasterjaxx took he amount of beats per minute up a notch. Their characteristic big room sound made it impossible to stand still. With DLDK beachballs in the air we felt like we were attending an Ibiza poolparty for a minute. They played some of our favorites like 'It's a beautiful world', 'heartbreak' & if we're correct 2 upcoming Maxximize Records tunes.
Sem Vox has obviously been a part of the DLDK family from the very beginning. For this edition he had the honor to create the anthem which is also the very first #DLDKMusic release (in cooperation with Armada Music). Besides playing 'Get Up', Sem surprised by taking Lil Kleine on stage which the crowd received quite well. The set of Sem Vox contained a lot of energy.
All good things come to an end but R3hab is one hell of a closing act! He made sure that everybody didn't have any leftover energy anymore. At some points we felt like the breaks in his set were a little too long but R3hab obviously knew what the crowd wanted.
Well, we believe that Don't Let Daddy Know have outdone themselves. We visited DLDK Antwerp in 2014 and this took it to a whole new level. The line-up was quite fresh for our taste and the fact that people come from all over the world to join this event is always a big plus in our view. We completely recommend you to be a part of the Don't Let Daddy Know experience if you got the opportunity since there's an act on the line-up for everyone.
Asonn Blasterjaxx Dannic DLDK Don Diablo Don't Let Daddy Know E&A Events R3hab Sem Vox Steve Angello Sunnery James & Ryan Marciano
John Christian & TripL Feat. Jessy Katz – Glance To The Future
ULTRA EUROPE'S PHASE ONE LINEUP IS HERE!


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Showing posts with label Vita Di Capomafia. Show all posts
Nicola Gentile - Meet the Mafia's Most Elusive Yet Revealing Historical Figure
Nicola Gentile
aka Nick Gentile, Zu Cola
Code Name: Joe Mollica
Birth: 12 June 1885
Death: see endnotes
Significance:
Mafia mediator
International drug trafficker
Escaped mob-issued death sentence... twice!
Published memoirs which exposed the inner working of the Mafia, and, provided perhaps the most important and intriguing first-hand account of the American mob's evolution - particularly the who, what, when, and how of the so-called Castellammarese War.
The Parrot Murder Case
Mary Siragusa had an unusually bad feeling as she prepared for church. "Maybe I shouldn't go," she told husband Joe. "Nothing will happen to me, you go ahead," Joe insisted. Reluctantly, and with a foul premonition lingering, Mary headed to St. Philomena's on nearby Forward Avenue. There she prayed the entire time that husband Joe and their seven year old daughter Catherine were in no danger.
Just before noon, Joe ventured to the basement apartment and prepared for a shave. Up several floors, Catherine still in slumber. As Joe put the finishing swath of cream on his cheeks, something or someone was approaching. He turned face to face with several armed men. Joe knew what was going down and tried desperately to escape up the staircase. He made it up three steps before copper jacket .38 slugs pummeled his torso. Grasping the railing, Joe turned his head ever so slightly to capture one more look at his assassins. His lathered face shattered by a .32 round. Catherine, unharmed, never heard a sound. Mary... she knew what she'd find upon returning.
"Poor Joe, Poor Joe!" shrieked one of Giuseppe Siragusa's pet birds. Nonstop the parrot repeated the phrase while Pittsburgh detectives sifted through the bloody scene at 2523 Beechwood Boulevard on the morning of September 13, 1931. A dozen rounds had been fired. Five hit the target. Four .38 in Siragusa's body; one .32 in the face. Dangling on the wall above his lifeless body, rosary beads and broken picture frames.
You Don't Know Nick!
Now, you might ask, what the hell does that story have to do with Nicola Gentile?! We'll be getting to that soon. First, who is Nick?!
Much of Gentile's history has been elusive, to say the least. One of the factors behind the many question marks was Gentile's own ability to remain transient. Use of aliases, residing for short stints in various cities, and remaining fairly under the law's radar helped Gentile become more like a phantom of mob history, especially in terms of the public recognition. The government however, or a few entities within it, were aware of Gentile, though perhaps not the extent of his business and alliances within the network of national organized crime. That would all change by 1937, when the Federal Bureau of Narcotics (predecessor to the DEA) netted the mob's 'elder statesman' in a large scale drug bust. Of the eighty-eight (this figure varies from source to source) individuals law enforcement figured involved in the widespread drug ring - Gentile turned out to be the missing link, or so they thought. That was just the start of a bizarre, stealthy and historically-hazy relationship between the Gentile, the governments of two nations, and more than few famous underworld associates from the good old days.
1937 Drug bust in New Orleans. L to R: Nicola Gentile, Jerry Feraci, Thomas Siracusa, Onofia Pecararo
Background Info:
Since Gentile's name doesn't generally ring of familiarity in pop culture, and obviously his story has proved a bit mysterious even for hardcore mob history aficionados, here's the brief lowdown (For further reading, there exist some succinct bio's, backstory and timeline's reflecting what was taking place in the underworld and Gentile's rise and role within significant moments.):
1907 'Zu Cola' in Montreal Notary Records
Gentile, born in Siculiana Sicily, quickly immersed himself and gained influence within Mafia factions upon arrival in the United States (approximately 1903). His official initiation into the Mafia occurred in 1905 (Philadelphia), and from then on maintained strong underworld ties both in the States and in Italy (he traveled back and forth periodically between the countries). Gentile resided and worked in numerous cities, including Pittsburgh, Cleveland, New York, Philadelphia, Kansas City, Montreal, as far as San Francisco, and served in positions that included advisor, negotiator and/or Capo.
Gentile arrest Pittsburgh PA
1921 Ship Manifest
"You have to be strong, courageous, cruel to live in that country." - Nicola Gentile, discussing life in the United States, September 19, 1963.
By 1931, Gentile counted among his friends many of the soon-to-be mob all-stars. This crop of enterprising criminals - which included a who's-who of gangland infamy, Lucky Luciano, Al Capone, Tommy Lucchese, Frank Costello, Meyer Lansky, etc., among their ranks - were launching a two-phase coup de tat on warring bosses - Giuseppe Masseria and Salvatore Maranzano, aka the Castellammarese War. Also that same year, Gentile, who was married with six children, made an attempt to become a naturalized citizen. That effort didn't go quite as planned, which we'll get to shortly. Back to the 'purge' of battling bosses...
1931 Nicola Gentile Declaration of Intention
The murder of Giuseppe 'Joe the Boss' Masseria in April 1931 ended the so-called 'war' and opened the door to underworld supremacy for Salvatore Maranzano. It is believed that shortly before or during Maranzano's coronation that Pittsburgh boss, Giuseppe "Yeast Baron" Siragusa, attempted to have Gentile put in very bad graces - the kind that get a mobster killed. However, Nicola Gentile, the proven master negotiator, successfully applied such skills in his own defense to claims made by the Pittsburgh boss. It worked. In fact, it impressed the hell out of Al Capone, and that in turn saved Gentile's life. Siragusa's move against Gentile was not to be forgotten. Being loyal to Maranzano as he reportedly was, Siragusa already earned himself a death sentence, he just didn't know it yet. Luciano, Vito Genovese, and most of the men who eventually 'sided' with Maranzano... they had quickly realized the new boss wasn't going to last. Sending a team of Jewish assassins into Maranzano's Manhattan office on September 10th, 1931 sealed the fate of, what some believe, a whole slew of loyalists. It became known in almost mythical terms as the "Purge" and the more dramatic sounding "Night of the Sicilian Vespers."
Origins of the Vespers and other revelations
Up until the early 1950's (and that's even pushing it; 1963 was truly the turning point) what the American public knew about the 'Mafia'** and for that matter, organized crime in general, was almost entirely provided by the press and/or whispers, hearsay, a few books (written by former journalists usually). To that point, plenty of law enforcement and government agencies had little clue beyond that as well. Although there were indeed government agents and entities very familiar with underworld subculture, it took several sensational whistle-blowers, over the course of basically three decades, to truly expose the complex history and reach of the 'Mob.' There were three primary individuals who 'blew the lid off' mob secrecy: Gentile, Valachi, Bonanno (the latter's memoirs were discovered during a 1979 arrest). Most famously, Joe Valachi, whose televised testimony in 1963 before a Senate committee essentially forced FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover (Bobby Kennedy did the forcing) to admit their was a 'Mafia.'
Gentile's account served as the most fascinating, if not most revealing look inside the criminal underbelly (albeit a memoir, which by nature is often self-serving) because unlike Valachi (a foot soldier) Gentile was a top guy. Historical accounts of how and when Gentile's 'memoirs' came to fruition, now that's where history gets dark, elusive and truly makes research daunting. The various written accounts are conflicting, and that's of no surprise when considering the two primary investigative bodies (Anslinger's Bureau of Narcotics and Hoover's Bureau of Investigation) that delved into Gentile's life were almost polar opposites in terms of investigation 'style' and (as this author believes) the two investigative bodies were rarely on the same page, metaphorically and literally speaking. The FBI Encyclopedia states Robert Kennedy infuriated J. Edgar Hoover (a common occurrence between the two, no doubt) when the former presented FBN files on over seventy mobsters compared to the latter's office dossiers which numbered around thirty. The point being that the FBI took much credit in the 1960's but the real working knowledge of men like Gentile had been followed closely by the Bureau of Narcotics, and therefore it is more than possible that Nicola Gentile's early memoirs - if actually written as far back as some historians believe - were acquired and translated by FBN agents before the FBI even knew of such memoirs.
"Today, the same as he did yesterday, Nicola Gentile says: 'I am alive because I always acted as an honest man. I always worked for justice. I always respected the law.' In reality what he means is: 'I have always acted as an honest mafia man. I have always worked for mafia justice. I have always respected the law of the mafia.'" - Felice Chilanti, notes translated by FBI.
The official 'published' memoir 'Vita di Capomafia' was released in Italy in 1963 (and was originally going to be titled '40 Years in the Mafia'), and has not been translated from the Italian nor reprinted for retail sale. Journalist Felice Chianti once said Gentile approached him to take the dictation and write the story, but he declined the initial request until Gentile agreed to allow for annotation. From September through October 1963, Gentile and Chilanti also did a series of columns for Rome's Paese Sera newspaper, further divulging the intricacies of mafia life, and more importantly for the Gentile - answering the question of Why he wrote his life story (again, generally self-serving, possibly to improve his reputation), which he said had a lot to do with redemption to the family he shamed. The FBI translated the manuscript and Paese Sera articles in November 1963. But... the book was not an exact printing of the original memoirs. Those original notes, though largely similar to the published version, bear a few differences, and were thought to have ended up in the hands of American law enforcement possibly as early as the late 1940's or 1950's. Nicholas Gage stated in 1971 that the FBI acquired the memoir in 1961 after hearing about its existence from Italian sources. Gage also said the first time the memoirs were mentioned in the United States was in the book 'The Honored Society,' by Norman Lewis in 1964, and further discussed in Hank Messick's book 'Lansky'.
1940 From the Declassified Gentile Files
Nicola Gentile may have actually begun penning his story shortly after he skipped bond and fled to Italy in 1937. Then again, it's also possible he never dictated nor jotted a word until lawmen put him under pressure (some documentation states this occurred in 1958 after a letter to Joe Biondo was intercepted and agents basically caught Gentile in a sting operation). Treasury Department declassified documents reveal that as early as 1940 (probably earlier than that) an agent of the Bureau of Narcotics - Frank Di Lucia - had made contact with Gentile. The Treasury Department (which oversaw the FBN) wanted Gentile back in the United States, but not to prosecute him. With regard to the New Orleans drug bust, well, the Feds wanted Texas mobster Sam Maceo and they wanted him bad, and under that pretense they figured Gentile could deliver just the testimony they needed. From March 1940 through 1942, correspondence was exchanged between the State Department, the FBN, Treasury Department, American diplomats, Italian police, Agent Di Lucia, and Nicola Gentile. The deal to get Gentile (who was identified as 'Sam Mollica' - which was either a code name or his own chosen alias) into the United States, protect his safety, and get him back into Italy afterwards. The deal never materialized. Gentile assured Di Lucia he would do as asked, but the Italian government refused to issue a passport. If the deal had gone through, police in Palermo wanted the U.S. to deposit at least $9000 - just in case something happened to Gentile, and the money would be given to his wife, of course. After memo upon memo, letter upon letter back and forth between agencies, the final determination stated that bringing Gentile to the United States wasn't worth the trouble, but... they wanted to keep lines of communication open. Although no specific mention of 'memoirs' were mentioned in the correspondence, the government did think Gentile likely had further information to offer, particularly on the traffic of narcotics. Thereafter, documents make note of Sam Maceo and others indicted in the 1937 narcotics ring, some of whom plead guilty, some dismissed, others became fugitives.***
Keeping tabs on Nick
Between 1942 and 1947 Gentile was thought to have continued working within the Italian Mafia, assisted the controversial 'government/mob alliance' during WWII, and reunited with former American gangsters. The declassified Bureau of Narcotics paper trail picks back up in spring of 1947, showing their interest in two of Gentile's old friends: Giovanni Schillaci (exiled in 1947) and Charlie Lucky Luciano (exiled in 1946). Italian police kept tabs on Luciano from the moment he arrived til the day he died, and in doing so they discovered what American authorities viewed as sort of gangland reunion. The correspondence from Questura (Police headquarters) to the American Consulate, December 4, 1947, read: "Schillaci arrived at Capri on July 3, 1947 together with Salvatore Lucania, the American citizen, Sharon Mildred Block, Saverio Cuccio, also an American citizen, Igea Lissoni and Ida Pogi..."
The letter later states that police lost track of Schillaci and Lucania after the group left Capri in September. Then Lucania was spotted by police in Rome, in November, with Nicola Gentile, whereby they listed the latter's criminal record: "The Questura in Palermo informed this office that Gentile was sentenced in 1900 to five months of prison for deliberate assault (lesione voluntare) that in 1929 he was acquitted by the Accusation Section of the Tribunal of Palermo of the charges of robber, extortion, and homicide, and in 1929 he was sentenced to two years prison and to liberty under surveillance for conspiracy. He obtained release from the above mentioned with decree of October 23, 1946."
Back to the 'Parrot' story, sort of...
Nick Gentile's early memoirs and published memoirs both described the 1931 hit on Maranzano, with a few subtle variations in wording between the two.
Here's how Gentile's original notes described Maranzano's murder and the actions taken immediately afterward:
"They hurried to telephones and informed the boys in various parts of New York advising them that they could start the purging operation. Almost immediately with that word there took place the slaughter of the 'Sicilian Vespers'. In fact, many of the followers of Maranzano were killed, who were stained with the most atrocious wickedness.
No sooner did the news of the death of Maranzano reach Cleveland that I and Bazzano thought of eliminating Siragusa of Pittsburgh... "
Compared to the 1963 published published version found in 'Vita di Capomafia':
Excerpt from pages of Vita di Capomafia
"They rushed to the phone to inform picciotti (the boys, slang for thugs, mafia friends) in different neighborhoods in New York who could begin the operation of purging.
So it was the massacre of all those followers of Maranzano who had committed the cruelest atrocities.
Once in Cleveland news came of the death of Maranzano, Bazzano and I think to suppress Siragusa of Pittsburgh."
The published version didn't consistently share the colorful wording of the early translation, but basically the theme and gist of events remained constant. Also of note, Gentile never explicitly states in the either version that he and Bazzano actually killed Siragusa. This intentional 'leaving out finer details' is not surprising of course. Gentile admits he has committed violent acts, confirms the brutality that is innate to mafia life, yet keeps most of the self-incriminating specifics under wraps throughout the memoirs - that is with the exception of when he felt wronged, and he tends to divulge much more detail in such instances.
Both versions of Gentile's life story regard his entrance into narcotics as almost forced. Although he may have taken a hit in the press when authorities labeled him the big shot of the drug ring (he probably wasn't the top individual, though definitely a major figure, and that later government correspondence admits the weakness of the case against him in the first place), his blaming the younger mobsters (Luciano, etc.) for pushing him into the lowly dope business, nearly ousting him from relevance, contradicts his later actions in Italy, which include remaining quite chummy with many of those old pals and associates.
1937 Captured in New Orleans with Gentile. Antoinette Lima & Mrs. A. Scontrino
Now things are about to get full-on bizarre
As for Gentiles life after the book release, stories later circulated that Gentile had been issued a death sentence, for the second time in his life. This instance was deemed punishment for the published revelations, but the faction tasked with carrying out the assassination simply decided - for whatever reason - not to kill the old man. Hmmm... but then there's this:
Sometime in the 1960's Soviet spy/KGB agent Leonid Kolosov befriended Gentile and recruited him as an unknowing informant. This particular segment of Gentile's life isn't a secret, nor a new revelation to most historians. However, as disclosed in a 2003 Italian Parliament transcript interview with Kolosov, the former KGB agent's story filled in a few gaps and contradicted original versions thereof. In a nutshell, Kolosov explained he met Gentile through Felice Chilanti (whom he described as 'lonely') and was offered the chance to meet the mafiosi. Now, all the while, according to the spy, Chilanti nor Gentile knew he was KGB, but probably knew he wasn't just a nosy Russian journalist. Kolosov asked his Soviet bosses for permission and they told him 'yes' but the responsibility was all on Kolosov's shoulders. In the parliament interview Kolosov went on stating that Gentile was killed several years later. Kolosov mentions 1971, but later admits it could've been in the 1960's, and that Gentile's death had nothing to do with him. Pressed for clarity by the parliament, Kolosov said he visited with Gentile on several occasions in Palermo, whereby the Mafia capo revealed information regarding what later became known as the 'Piano Solo Coup Scandal.' The parliament President reminded Kolosov that scandal occurred in 1964, to which Kolosov admitted his memory of dates could be off, but that in fact Gentile died several years later and that Kolosov's book - 'Farewell, My Dear Colonel' - even featured a photograph of the funeral. If in fact Kolosov's account of Gentile's death was accurately recalled, then that would make the date of death somewhere between 1966 and 1972, approximately. However, that he describes Gentile's death with the word 'killed,' and makes a point to clear himself from having had anything to do with it, contradicts previous (and often accepted) accounts of Gentile dying of old age (see below).
"At the end of his days, Gentile was a pitiful figure who only survived through the pasta which his neighbors gave him." - Pino Arlacchi, author of 'Gli uomini del disonore. La mafia siciliana nella vita del grande pentito Antonio Calderone,' 1992.
Treasury Department Bureau of Narcotics File
*Details on Gentile's exact date and circumstances of death are sketchy at best, and information is conflicting. Nicholas Gage commented in 1971 that, to his knowledge, Gentile was still alive. However, a report allegedly from the FBI, dubbed the 'Dead List,' marks Gentile's death as 1966. Author Helen Womack's 1998 book 'Undercover Lives: Soviet Spies in the Cities of the World' , which covers Leonid Kolosov's association with Gentile, marks Gentile's death - heart attack - in December 1964.
** Gentile stated the commonly-called 'mafia' was actually known as 'L'Onerata Societa'
***The 1937 drug bust was, according to Gentile, a result of Gentile's girlfriend 'Dorothy' tipping authorities off. In his memoirs he strongly suspected she was actually an undercover FBN agent. The bust itself ultimately led authorities to link Louis 'Lepke' Buchalter, Ralph Liguori (already incarcerated with Lucky Luciano on the vice charges in 1936), and other New York gangsters including Charles La Gaipa, Gentile's son-in-law, who at the time had been operating in the Southwest.
Informer Journal
http://people.com/archive/in-the-literary-coup-of-the-year-the-f-b-i-grabs-mafia-leader-joe-bonannos-memoirs-vol-11-no-23/
http://internetmanasaynotocorruption.blogspot.com/2014/08/italy.html
https://www.tni.org/en/paper/rothschilds-mafia-aruba
http://www.thehistoryreader.com/modern-history/lucky-luciano-wwiis-operation-husky/
Dickie, John. Cosa Nostra: A History of the Sicilian Mafia. Palgrave Macmillan LTD. 2004. pp 176-189.
Reppetto, Thomas. American Mafia: A History of Its Rise to Power. Holt. 2005. pp. 190-192.
Critchley, David. The Origins of Organized Crime in America; The New York City Mafia 1891-1931, Routledge, 2008. pp. 168-173.
Cipollini, Christian. Lucky Luciano: Mysterious Tales of a Gangland Legend. Strategic Media Books. 2014.
Wife Finds Husband Slain As She Returns Home From Mass. The Pittsburgh Press. 14 September 1931. p. 2.
Gage, Nicholas. New York Times News Service. Nashua Telegraph. April, 21, 1971. p.14.
Gage, Nicholas. Memoirs of a Elder Support Late Valachi's Testimony. The Arizona Republic. April 12, 1971. p. 8.
Newton, Michael. The FBI Encyclopedia. McFarland. 2012. p. 18.
RG 59 ARC Identifier 6100835 Gentile, Nicola
Posted by Christian Cipollini at 8:31 PM
Labels: Castellammarese War, Chicago, Christian Cipollini, FBN, Lucky Luciano, Mafia, mafia history, Narcotics, New Orleans, Nick Gage, Nicola Gentile, Pittsburgh, Schillaci, Vespers, Vita Di Capomafia, Zu Cola
Christian Cipollini
Author * Organized Crime Historian * Comic Book Creator - Diary of a Motor City Hit Man: The Chester Wheeler Campbell Story, Lucky Luciano: Mysterious Tales of a Gangland Legend, Murder Inc.: Mysteries of the Mob's Most Deadly Hit Squad, LUCKY – A Gangster Comic www.ganglandlegends.com


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