text:
10 Big Questions for Obama, Romney on Asia
By Patrick M. Cronin
Asian security may figure greatly in this year's U.S. presidential election because of urgent questions about North Korea and enduring concerns over how best to manage a rising China and preserve American influence.
In addition to Asia's looming role in the global economy, specific recent developments ensure that Asia will surface as an issue during the final months of the U.S. presidential campaign.
Asian security issues should be debated during the course of the election, and they will be framed in terms starkly different from those likely to be heard among Asian experts ruminating at a conference. While foreign capitals and analysts will scrutinize campaign rhetoric for clues, they would do well to remember that governing is different from campaigning.
President Obama's announcement last year of a pivot to Asia underscores a long-term trend in which the United States is gradually placing greater priority on the Asia-Pacific region. Economic power is shifting from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and emerging powers such as China and India are increasingly flexing their muscles as regional military and political powers.
Both Japan and South Korea, and Indonesia and its smaller neighbors in Southeast Asia, are all, to varying degrees, responding to these trends. Long-term plans are driven mostly by a rising China, uncertainty about America's long-term presence and increasing capacity for building local and coastal defenses and shaping regional institutions.
Obama's rebalancing of priorities toward Asia is designed to reassure allies and new partners, without overly provoking a China vital to the global economy.
For all its importance, however, the national political campaign has barely acknowledged the existence of Asian security. China has come under fire for currency manipulation and trading practices, and North Korea's Kim Jong Un managed to break into the campaign with his reckless missile launch. But the deeper, underlying issues of Asian security and their implications for the United States are awaiting more deliberate consideration.
Both candidates should make it clear how America's future peace and prosperity are intertwined with the Asia-Pacific region.
Here are 10 questions vital to U.S. interests that the presidential candidates should debate:
1. How should the United States manage relations with China? How can the United States both engage in expanded trade and cooperation and hedge against China's growing military might? What is the best way to overcome China's increasing ability to deny U.S. military forces access to the East and South China Seas and old U.S. bases vulnerable throughout the Western Pacific? How can the United States retain overall cooperation while pressing China on military, political and economic issues? Does Washington risk being perceived in Asia as upsetting a delicate regional balance of power? How should the United States approach China's next leadership, including both its possible purging of Mao's Cultural Revolution but also its suppression of freedom? Does the recent ouster of the popular leftist politician Bo Xilai signify a moderating political trend or a pervasive corruption problem within the Chinese system?
2. How can the United States maintain sufficient military power and presence in the region? Recent budget cuts mean the U.S. Navy will remain under 300 ships and that air forces will not grow at the rates projected a year ago. Given budget constraints and limited basing options in the region, how can the United States retain a favorable military balance of power in the decade ahead and beyond? Should the United States further redistribute its military presence throughout the region, and, if so, where and how?
3. How will the United States make decisions over which arms to sell to Taiwan? China is pressing hard to put an end to America's longstanding practice of trying to maintain a balance of power across the Taiwan Strait. Improved cross-Strait relations are in the interests of all parties, and yet they also make it more difficult to prepare for any future deterioration in relations. Under what circumstances should the United States sell Taiwan new, advanced F-16 aircraft or assist it with stealthier defenses such as indigenous submarine production or cyberwarfare?
4. What is the best strategy for checking North Korean ambitions to build long-range missiles and nuclear weapons?How can the United States maintain deterrence and avoid miscalculation? Should missile defenses be strengthened? Should the United States allow South Korea to extend the range of its missiles from 300 to 800 kilometers? Should the United States and South Korea continue the move toward returning wartime operational control to Seoul by the end of 2015? What should the United States ask of China with respect to limiting North Korean provocations? Should the United States establish higher-level direct talks with North Korea's inner circle? What additional pressures, such as targeted financial measures, might be brought to bear on North Korean decision-makers?
5. Should the United States encourage Japan to take on more responsibility for regional security? For example, how far should the Japan Self-Defense Forces go toward shifting its focus on its southwestern islands as potential checks on growing Chinese military capabilities? Should Japan and the United States more actively pursue combined operational concepts such as Air Sea Battle, which would seek to deploy maritime and air and possibly ground forces in tandem to counter the capabilities of potential adversaries? Are bases in Japan, especially the stationing of Marines in Okinawa, sustainable? What should be the role of the United States in defending Japan in the event of a conflict with China over the Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands in the East China Sea?
6. Should the United States play a more active role in ensuring peace in the South China Sea? What are the potential costs and benefits of building up the coastal defenses of nations such as the Philippines and Vietnam? How can the United States reinforce its alliance with the Philippines without provoking China or the region? Should the United States insist on a binding code of naval conduct for the region? Would ratifying the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea help? How should the United States work with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations, as well as larger forums such as the more inclusive regional discussions of the East Asia Summit and the ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting-Plus?
7. How can the United States best balance support for current reforms under way in Burma/Myanmar with lingering concerns about the role of the military and ethnic conflicts? Should the United States suspend sanctions as British Prime Minister David Cameron has recommended for the European Union? Can the United States make current reforms irreversible? How can the United States continue to maintain pressure on the government to follow through with, for example, democratic national elections in 2015?
8. How can the United States generally encourage allies and partners in the region to shoulder greater responsibility and expand security cooperation? For example, how can the United States work with others on energy and resource security for the countries of the region? What else might be done to shore up existing U.S. alliances, including with South Korea, Japan, Australia, the Philippines and Thailand? What other security partnerships, including with Singapore, India, Indonesia, Malaysia and Vietnam, deserve greater attention? Should the United States encourage India to play a more active role in East Asia? How far should the United States encourage allies and partners to improve multilateral security ties with one other?
9. How can the United States best protect an open global commons — the maritime, air, cyber and outer space arteries on which both commerce and security rest? With cyber and space threats far removed from the public eye, what should the U.S. government do, in tandem with the private sector and allies and partners, to ensure security in all these domains?
10. Finally, how can the United States best engage the Asia-Pacific region with respect to trade and finance, when the United States economy remains fragile, debt is increasing and unemployment remains high? Is the Trans-Pacific Partnership a realistic framework for an inclusive, "gold-standard" regional trading regime—that is, one that would not just lower tariffs at the border but also deal with crucial issues such as protecting intellectual property rights and protecting the private sector against state-owned enterprises? What other policies would best ensure that U.S. leadership, presence and engagement in the region rest on a strong economic foundation?
Obama and Romney administration policies for the Asia-Pacific would be apt to overlap more than they would differ. But when it comes to making hard choices and implementing policies, leaders matter. And here it is worth noting that President Obama's Asia team in a second term would probably lack its most able senior official: Secretary of State Hillary Clinton, who has made her preference for returning to private life abundantly clear.
While these issues may not reveal a wide gulf in the views of the two candidates for president, they do serve to demonstrate America's growing stake in the Pacific Century.


Lauri Goldkind, Ph.D., is an Associate Professor of Social Work at the Graduate School of Social Service at Fordham University. She is also the newly named editor of the Journal of Technology in Human Services. She teaches Human Rights and Social Justice, Nonprofit Fundraising, Nonprofit Technology, and Policy Analysis courses for graduate students in New York, NY. In addition, she has developed one of only a few social work practice and technology courses in the US, Digital Social Work Practice, now being offered for its third year at Fordham. She is the co-author, with Lea Wolf and Paul Freddolino of a book due out in the fall with Oxford University Press called Digital Social Work: tools for practice with individuals, agencies, and communities. The book will also have an online component, facilitated by a wiki where instructors can share classroom materials for using case studies on social work practices with technology in their classes.


Following her last drama, Strongest Chil Woo, actress Gu Hye-sun is now turning her attentions to her pet project: her directing debut.
The short film project written and directed by Gu is named The Cheerful Caretaker and deals with the sobering topic of euthanasia. Gu updated her personal mini-homepage on the 18th to show behind-the-scenes photos of the shooting, many showing her in action behind the camera.
The film was submitted to the Pusan International Film Festival this year, but failed to make the final cut. It also makes accomplishments by other actor-directors, like the multiple awards won by Yoo Ji-tae, seem that much more admirable.


text:
Q: Value added to array is NULL? In my code below, I am experiencing a problem I am unable to get around... when I add a class Person object to an array, it appears to add fine, however when I attempt to print out that object value form a specified array position, it outputs "null."
Here is the code
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.lang.String;

public class Main
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        int ARRAY_LENGTH = 2;

        Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
        Person[] Persons;

        Persons = new Person[ARRAY_LENGTH];

        for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH; i++)
        {
            System.out.println("Enter a name to add to the array: ");
            Persons[i] = new Person(in.next());
            System.out.println(Persons[i]);
        }

        Arrays.sort(Persons);

        for (int i = 0; i < ARRAY_LENGTH; i++)
        {
            System.out.println(Persons[i]);
        }
    }
}

&
public class Person implements Comparable<Person>
{
    private String name;

    public Person (String aName)
    {
        String name = aName;
    }

    public String getName()
    {
        return name;
    }

    public int compareTo(Person o)
    {
        Person other = (Person) o;
        if (this.name.equals(o.name))
        {
            return 0;
        }
        if (this.name.compareTo(o.name) < 0)
        {
            return -1;
        }
        return 1;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString()
    {
        return name;
    }
}

A: No, it hasn't added null to the array. It's put a reference to a Person object in the array, and when you call toString() on that Person object, it's returning the value of the name field... which is always null, because of this constructor:
public Person (String aName)
{
    String name = aName;
}

That isn't assigning a value to the name field - it's declaring a local variable called name. (I'd expect a decent IDE to issue a warning about that.)
You want:
public Person (String aName)
{
    name = aName;
}

A: The constructor
public Person (String aName)
{
    String name = aName;
}

stores the name in a local variable.
Change this to
public Person (String aName)
{
    this.name = aName;
}

A: The constructor is wrong
public Person (String aName)
{
    String name = aName;
}

it is creating a new variable instead of assigning the field properly.
Try removing the type declaration:
public Person (String aName)
{
    name = aName;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Rioting in Liberia as authorities enforce quarantine to check Ebola
byPremium Times
Monrovia – Heavy rioting is taking place in Monrovia as Liberian army troops and residents in the slum district of West Point clash, less than 24 hours after President Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf announced a 9pm to 6am curfew and other stringent measures to contain the deadly Ebola outbreak.
FrontPageAfrica reporters on the scene say, some angry residents of West Point stoned security officers at the West Point LEC entrance as they attempted to enforce a quarantine and rescue the area's district commissioner.
"West Point locked down with heavily armed men, Police have taken over Ashmun Street and everybody running away," a FrontPageAfrica reporter on the scene said.
Several security personnel are said to be denying people entrance into areas from the Vai Town route into West Point while army personnel are said to be parading the waters and sending fishermen back on land.
Several government ministries and agencies as well as private business are locking up to avoid getting caught up in the melee.
Angry Youths, Prices Hike
The exodus of leading air carriers in recent weeks has prompted a huge increase in several commodities.
Early Wednesday morning, several calls from the quarantined West Point community indicated that some angry youths were planning to break into stores and other businesses to get food. Accordingly, prices of basic commodities including rice, water and others have skyrocketed resulting to anger amongst residents. A 25KG rice is now being sold for LD1700; a sack of mineral water is sold between 150- 200-Liberian dollars although the government has warned businesses not to hoard prices.
West Point is a slum community infested with hard core criminals and drugs users and on Saturday, Ebola suspected patients at a holding facility escaped and residents looted the facility taking away mattresses and other materials used by the suspected Ebola patients.
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The local residents expressed anger that the government was bringing in suspected Ebola patients from other communities to West Point which they frowned on. The residents are also complaining that they do not want such facility in the community which they believe will lead to further spread of the Ebola virus in their community.
West Point was the scene of chaos last weekend when residents mobilized and forcefully broke into the M.V. Massaquoi School in that community, which is currently being used as an isolation centre for confirmed and suspected EVD patients. Reportedly, the mob looted supplies and destroyed equipment.
Additionally, a number of patients left the isolation centre, some having been taken by family members while others reportedly fled out of fear of the mob. The group reportedly went to the location to collect the body of an EVD victim. They expressed anger about their relatives being kept in isolation, while reportedly claiming that they were not EVD patients. The mob allegedly shouted denials about the existence of EVD in Liberia. The situation is now reportedly calm.
The government announced Monday that all 17 of the patients had been found after turning themselves in but no eyewitnesses saw them do so. Sirleaf announced Tuesday night: "All entertainment centers are to be closed; All video centers are to be closed at 6:00 PM.; Commencing Wednesday, August 20 there will be a curfew from 9:00 PM to 6:00 AM," she said in a nationwide address on Tuesday. The President said West Point in Monrovia and Dolo Town in Margibi is quarantined under full security watch meaning there will be no movements in and out of those areas.
The President has blamed Liberians, refusing to let go of cultural burying practices, disregard for the advice of health workers and disrespect for the warnings by the Government, as a key reason why her administration has been struggling to keep to contain the outbreak.
The President made it clear that the new measures are meant to save lives and make the Government's efforts to combat this disease made more effective and timely. If we can all do our part, we can defeat this disease. With your support and participation, we can return to our normal activities."
Monrovia Standstill
Besides the West Point melee, the nation's capital, Monrovia is at a standstill with no commercial activities with many running helter-skelter for shelter as reports of the West Point incident spread. On the busy and main broad street and other streets, people locked up their stores and other business centers and gathered along the road watching as Police officers led by the Deputy Director of Police for Administration patrols the main streets using megaphone to allyfear amongst the civilians.
"Go about your normal business, your security is a 110 % guarantee, there is nothing happening, some unscrupulous people want to cause problems, but everything is under control", a Police officer riding RL 106 loudly expressed.
Accompanied by five other Police vehicles occupied by armed Police officers, the convoy has been patrolling main streets calling for citizens to reopen their businesses, but the fear of looting has all businesses to remain closed. Blockades have been posted on the streets leading to the Waterside busy market, including Randall, Gurley and Mechlin Streets with Police preventing people from crossing to Waterside which is not one of the communities quarantined.
As of August 15, 2014, the cumulative total of suspected, probable and confirmed cases of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) in Liberia was 826, including an updated total of 194 confirmed cases. The cumulative total of deaths stood at 455, including 172 confirmed Ebola-related deaths, according to the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare latest situation report.
More Photos and other developments on this BREAKING NEWS will follow shortly
*** We have FrontPageAfrica's permission to republish above report.***
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Full Hospital History
Our Hospital History
Since 1872, St. Mark's Hospital has been growing and adapting to fit the needs of the community it serves. Now, over 130 years later, St. Mark's continues to fulfill it's "Not Bigger. Just Better." promise.
St. Mark's Hospital Timeline
1872 – Bishop Daniel S. Tuttle saw the need for a hospital. He raised the funds with help from local businessmen and purchased the necessary supplies to start a hospital. The name that was decided upon was St. Mark's.
1879 – The first building, a small adobe building with six beds, needed to be replaced by a larger building. The new, brick structure had doubled the original hospital's capacity to 12 beds.
1893 – St. Mark's again outgrew the existing space, so the hospital was relocated to a new building on 803 N. 200 W. The new building had 35 beds.
1894 – The St. Mark's School of Nursing was opened. It was the first nursing school in the Intermountain region.
1925 – St. Mark's opened the Shriners Crippled Children's Ward, and it continued to be a part of the hospital for 26 years.
1970 – Construction began on the current St. Mark's Hospital.
1973 – Construction was completed, and the new St. Mark's Hospital opened. Patients were transferred, by ambulance, to the new hospital every five minutes.
1991 – The St. Mark's Women's Health Center created the Center for Breast Care.
2002 – St. Mark's Hospital celebrated its 130th birthday.
2012 – St. Mark's Hospital celebrates its 140th birthday.
Today – St. Mark's continues to expand and adapt to fill the needs of the community.


The kiwi fell in Asia on Thursday after the central bank expressed concern over market volatility, but expected steady policy ahead.
NZD/USD fell 0.18% to 0.7226 after the Reserve Bank of New Zealand held the official cash rate at a record low 1.75% as expected on Thursday with Governor Grant Spencer warning that volatility in financial markets could signal higher rates with unemployment near the natural level.
But the overall tone of the statement was for stable policy.
"Monetary policy will remain accommodative for a considerable period," the bank said after its latest policy meeting. "Numerous uncertainties remain and policy may need to adjust accordingly."
Ahead, China reports trade balance data with a $54.10 billion surplus seen for January and exports up 9.6%, a dip from 10.9% in December, and imports expected up 9.8%, a jump from 4.5% in December.
AUD/USD traded down 0.13% to 0.7813 ahead of the China data with the currency's fortunes closely tied to its top trading partner. USD/JPY changed hands at 109.36, down 0.01%.
The U.S. dollar index, which measures the greenback's strength against a basket of six major currencies, was last quoted up 0.71% to 90.16.
Market participants were looking ahead to the RBNZ's monthly policy decision, due early Thursday. The central bank was expected to leave interest rates on hold at 1.75%.
Investors will especially be focusing on the RBNZ's policy statement for potential indications on the central bank's future policy moves.
Overnight, the U.S. dollar was higher against other major currencies on Wednesday, as it recovered from earlier losses.
The dollar had risen after global equity markets fell on Friday following the release of strong U.S. employment data, which sparked concerns over rising inflation, sending bond yields sharply higher.


The Citroen Traction Avant was launched in 1934. Although it was not the first vehicle to utilize front wheel drive, nor the first to use a monocoque construction, it was the first to bring these two innovations together into a mass production car. Its styling was equally innovative, like nothing else on the market, yet it was a comfortable family car with excellent road holding.
The Traction Avant marked another milestone in the rapid transformation of motor cars in the 1930s. a shift that truly welcomed in the age of mass motoring. This rapid transformation has always intrigued me. So the Traction Avant seemed like a worthy project and Heller had, conveniently, made a 1:8 scale kit.
In keeping with the transformative theme of the 1930s, I wanted to model a version of the Traction Avant that was close to its original launch in 1934. But there was a problem.
The Heller kit is of a 1952 Traction Avant with a 6-cylinder engine, an engine that wasn't introduced until 1938. At launch, in April 1934, the 'Tractions', (designated 7CV, a reflection of the tax code into which the engine fell), had a 4-cylinder engine. So a 4-cyl engine plus its associated gearbox and engine cradle would have to be built. Challenging, but reasonably so.
The 7CV also utilized a shorter, narrower body than the 1952 version. But, in Sept 1934, new 11CV versions were launched which had a bigger 4-cyl engine. One version, with a longer, wider body, was called the 'Normale' and initially designated 11A. That body is very similar to the 1952 6-cylinder version. So a late '35 or early '36 version of the 11A 'Normale' seemed like a real possibility without pressing my modeling skills too far.
The following chart shows the evolution of the Traction Avant through 1938. The green box highlights the version I plan to build. Click on the chart to see a bigger image.


text:
Flourished 1834 - 1872
Archibald Fullarton founded the Scottish publishing firm of A. Fullarton and Company in Glasgow. They traded from a number of addresses in Glasgow, Edinburgh, London and Dublin
34 Hutcheson Street, Glasgow - 1833
31 South Bridge. Edinburgh - 1833
110 Brunswick Street, Glasgow - 1838, 1840
12 King's Square, Goswell Street Road, London - 1838, 1840
6 Roxburgh Place, Edinburgh - 1838, 1840
The company started in Glasgow in 1833 but further expansion came with moves to Edinburgh, London and Dublin. They published many geographical works but for map collectors they issued A New and Comprehensive Gazetteer of England and Wales 1833 - 1837 produced in four volumes by James Bell which contained 44 maps by three renowned engravers Gray, Neele and Scott. The maps appeared again in 1843 in a renamed work Parliamentary Gazetteer of England and Wales improved by the addition of railways. Some of the county maps are plain and others are embellished with an engraved vignette view of a local scene. They also published J. & C. Walker's British Atlas in 1846. [See page]
Map of Bedfordshire by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Cambridgeshire by Archibald Fullarton
Cornwall by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Huntingdonshire by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Northamptonshire by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Middlesex by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Staffordshire by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Oxfordshire by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Herefordshire by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Buchinghamshire by Archibald Fullarton
Gloucestershire by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Worcestershire by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Leicestershire by Archibald Fullarton
Map of Westmorland by Archibald Fullarton
Yorkshire East Riding by Archibald Fullarton
County Maps by Archibald Fullarton


text:
Composites in Cars: Making Vehicles Lighter, Safer and More Fuel-Efficient
|In Announcements, Faculty Accomplishments
Composite materials may someday have big advantages over steel in automobile manufacturing. Composites are being considered to make lighter, safer and more fuel-efficient vehicles. A composite is composed of a high-performance fiber (such as carbon or glass) in a matrix material (epoxy polymer) that when combined provides enhanced properties compared with the individual materials by themselves. Carbon-fiber composites weigh about one-fifth as much as steel, but are as good or better in terms of stiffness and strength. They also do not rust or corrode like steel or aluminum, and they could significantly increase vehicle fuel economy by reducing vehicle weight by as much as 60 percent, according to the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). "With composite materials, we get high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios, as well as excellent energy-absorbing capability per mass," says Dan Adams, professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Utah who is collaborating with ORNL on the development of test methods for automotive composites. "Steel is strong and inexpensive, which is why it's the material of choice today. But composites can be designed tobe strong and light to provide better safety and fuel efficiency." Adams says that the strength and stiffness factors are why composites are currently used in aerospace applications, which also require a material that is extremely light. And compared to single-layered steel in cars, multiple-layer composite laminates can be designed to absorb more energy in a crash. "However, the use of these materials in the automotive industry has been very limited partly because of the costs associated with the materials and manufacturing," he says. Adams and his associates are addressing these issues, along with design safety, as they develop test methods and assess candidate composites for automotive applications.
Engineering for Crashworthiness
Adams' research focuses on the mechanics of sandwich composites, which are a special class of composite structures made by attaching two thin composite facesheets to a thick, low-density core of balsa wood or foam. Sandwich composites are of interest for automotive floor and roof applications. Nearly two decades ago, Adams began studying how to make sandwich composites more "damage tolerant," where the structure can still meet its load requirements after it has sustained some type of initial damage. "Investigating the mechanics of damage tolerance required understanding the failure progression (the types and locations of failure)," says Adams. "It required that we look carefully at what was happening after there was already an initial failure." Eventually Adams was selected to lead the U.S. Automotive Composite Consortium's first research investigation into the "crashworthiness" (the ability to protect occupants in a crash) of sandwich composites. "For me, crashworthiness was a natural extension of damage tolerance," he says. "We just kept applying load to an already failed sandwich panel and examined how it crushed. Conventional sandwich composites would quickly come apart with the facesheets debonding and the remaining core buckling or being pushed aside with little energy being absorbed." With the proper design, Adams says that composites can meet or even exceed safety requirements in a crash because they can be designed to absorb significantly more energy than traditional metallic metals when crushed. "Metals absorb energy in a crush by yielding, whereas composites typically crush in a more brittle manner," he says. "Energy is absorbed through repeated failure of the material. The ideal case would be the composite structure being broken into tiny pieces where the crush occurs, but everything else is intact. The materials have to be designed to fail in a controlled manner." Already the initial sandwich design Adams and his students worked on a few years ago has made its way into the Chevrolet Corvette. Adams is continuing to develop test methods for assessing crashworthiness of composites with organizations such as ORNL and Engenuity Limited, an engineering consulting company based in the U.K. "No accepted test methods exist and we need them to screen materials for crashworthiness as well as to provide the required experimental results for validating computational modeling methods," he says. In 2010, Adams was selected by the U.S. Department of Transportation to write a 100-page white paper on the current status and research needs for plastic and composite intensive vehicles. The government is hoping to facilitate their safe deployment by 2020. "It was really exciting to have the opportunity to identify what needs to be done in the next ten years to make automotive composites a reality," Adams says.
Lowering Costs for Automotive Composites
Affordability is an important issue in vehicle manufacturing, which includes factoring in the costs associated with a car's complete life-cycle—including manufacturing, operating and disposal costs. "The issue with today's composites is that they have been developed for aerospace applications where cost is not as critical," says Dan Adams, professor of mechanical engineering. Pound for pound, material costs of carbon fiber composites are at least 20 times as much as steel, and the automotive industry is unlikely to use them until the price of carbon fiber drops significantly. The processing of carbon fibers is too expensive and slow, says Adams. The raw carbon material is converted to carbon fibers using thermal pyrolysis, a slow, energy-consuming process that is combined with stressing to achieve a high percentage of carbon with the proper fiber tension. The raw material, the energy needed to heat it to make fibers, and the required equipment all contribute to the high cost. As a result, carbon-fiber composites cannot yet compete economically with steel in the auto industry. "The development of low-cost carbon fiber is an active research area with great promise," says Adams. "Also the development of low-cost manufacturing methods for automotive composites is receiving a lot of attention. There are less expensive ways of manufacturing composite automobile parts that also reduce the number of joints and fasteners. We could make these materials very affordable."
Reprinted from the University of Utah College of Engineering 2011 Research Report


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Institute for National Revolutionary Studies
Michel Clouscard, The Capitalism of Seduction – Rébellion 46 – February 2011
Posted by emontsalvat in Uncategorized
2011, Rébellion
At the end of the 1970s, Michel Clouscard debuted an analysis of the phenomena arising from triumphant liberalism. His approach was clearly a response to the PCF's (then locked into a dogmatic "orthodoxy") lack of comprehension regarding mutating capitalist society. Faced with serious leftist ideological drifting after Mai 68, he proposed updating theory and revolutionary strategies by taking the mutation of the dominant system into account.
That lead him to unearth the root of what he named "the capitalism of seduction." He makes it the heart of capitalism's praxis, that is to say the whole of the dominant class' maneuvers to transform social relations and expel the class struggle from history. The discourse of seduction rests on the destruction of Being by seeming, of Truth by representation, of Intelligence by conditioning. Reinforcing the already existing exploitation and alienation in capitalism, it even destroys the consciousness of the working classes.
A Genealogy of the Transformation of French Society
In the work of Michel Clouscard, and especially in "The Capitalism of Seduction," we find a complete critical review of post 1968 society. Aymeric Monville recalls the context this book was written in: "At the time where 'The Capitalism of Seduction' was released for the first time, in 1981 from Editions Sociales, this decryption of this new society's initiatic rituals (pinball, jukebox, posters, jeans, long hair, hash, motorcycles, rock) seemed like an event. Structuralism had barely emerged and the 'human sciences' only seemed interested in the (otherwise exciting) initiatic rituals of the Bororos [Translator's Note: A Brazilian tribe] If it suited some to update a few of these rituals, on the other hand, let us admit that the Zeitgeist, the collective unconsciousness, had not changed. At best, the spectrum of 'protesting innocence' had expanded."
Through this exercise in the anthropology of mores, he showed that the pseudo-rebel postures of the bourgeois youth had become included in a global system. They are initiation rites into the consumer society that "libertarian liberalism" had established to assure the reproduction of the capitalist model. I must desire what everyone desires, normality reached through the integration of the false values of merchant society.
Michel Clouscard traces the origin of the Capitalism of Seduction to the Marshall Plan. This plan to aid reconstruction was a "gift" to Europe made through the economic force of the United States at the start of the Cold War France, after Great Britain, was the principal beneficiary of this totally disinterested manna from heaven.
The penetration of the American model was the start of the death of old traditional French society. The working classes, peasants and workers alike, put thrifty and rigorous values into practice, the basis of a strong communitarian consciousness, "the alliance of an ethic of necessity and a morality of thrift." But the openness to the American economic and cultural model would overwhelm this society with the complicity of the national bourgeoisie. Michel Clouscard didn't idealize this society of necessity, but he thought that socialism could inherit values from it.
The conquest of French consciousness was rapid, consumer society predicated the disappearance of traditional values. They were replaced by frivolity and mercantile attitudes. At the start of the 1960s, this marginal cultural model of ludic, libidinal consumption tended to become the model of the elements who were the least involved in the life of traditional society: youth and women. Note that it was not antipathy towards the youth or latent misogyny that lead Michel Clouscard to make this observation, but a study of the social structures of the era and the processes of production.
On the contrary, capitalism gave birth to a new category with veritable ferocity: parasitic non-productive jobs (a large category extending from the false artists of "modern art" to the intellectual sell-outs to the system, passing through publicists and other dealers).
The Reign of the Savage Beast
With Mai 68, the culture of seduction, selective and marginal until then, would stretch to cover global society. The sociologist then mentions the role of libertarian-liberalism in breaking down the last moral and cultural locks against the capitalist tidal wave.
According to Clouscard, "libertarian-liberalism" is not libertarian for everyone all the time. On the contrary, it's a strategy that permits the reciprocal begetting of the permissive and the repressive, putting in place a system that presents itself, as Clouscard said, with the elliptical thoroughness that we often find in his prose, as "permissive regarding the consumer and repressive regarding the producer" (A. Monville).
In appearance, capitalism is the system that offers greatest chance to satiate ones' basest passions. Impulses of every type are exalted by the ideology of "always more." Henceforth, in the field of merchandise, every desire must be immediately satisfied as a need, through possession. Desire is placed on the level of vital needs. We exist according to what we consume and not through what we construct ourselves. The experience of a relationship to another is enclosed in the desire to possess the same attributes of success and individual performance. The dynamic of desire is manipulated in the service of capital's development.
This social process aims for the atomization of the social body, which would be the end of the Political, everything will be available to the market of desire. Michel Clouscard wrote, "The savage beast, unbridled and insatiable, is the image chosen by Hegel to designate civil society when it's merely a marketplace, when the hegemony of liberalism of liberalism (or neo-liberalism) is realized … Then capitalist conditioning becomes all powerful…"
Social classes must experience a break with their origins, with the historical culture that begot them. This rupture must be forgotten. Thus an increasing availability to other values appears and permits their integration into the system. The negation of the reality of class struggle is the priority of capitalism, it allows the negative consequences of its domination to be denied.
Capitalism leads to "the impoverishment of history." Michel Clouscard remarks that "crisis has become a strategy for the management of crisis." Society is perfectly frozen and blocked, "The more it rots, the better it holds! This stalemate that no longer allows any momentum is the impoverishment of history." Society falls into depression and the individual closes up on himself. "Everything is permitted, but nothing is possible. The harsh reality of prohibition in crisis follows the permissiveness of mass consumption," he wrote at the start of "Trentes calamiteuses" [Translator's note: referring to the 30 years of stagnation following the economic boom of "Trentes glorieuses" of the post-World War 2 era].
Mad Love Against Every Simulacrum of Capitalism
How to escape this blocked situation? Michel Clouscard responds that it's necessary to return to fundamentals. At the end of his life, he reaffirmed the importance of re-founding a collective destiny. "I defend the organic essence as such of this social body. It's the substance of the state. It belongs to history and not to some survival instinct inspired by nature, collective interests transcend local divisions in the face of a common external peril … It already acts to combat the moral peril created trough the collaboration of internal reaction and external imperialism." Faced with the globalization of capital, he affirms the necessity of the idea of the nation in a clearly revolutionary sense, "The state was the super-structural instance of capitalist repression. That's why Marx denounces it. But today, with globalization, it's totally the opposite. While the nation state could be the means of oppression of one class by another, it became the means to resist globalization. It's a dialectical game."
He also endeavored to respond to the Capitalism of Seduction with a much stronger notion. His "Treatise on Mad Love" address the myth of Tristan and Yseult at length. In its medieval and Wagnerian versions, it would be a response to the evil that devours our society. For him, the interpretation of the myth reprises the Platonic conception of love. The Platonic reminiscence – that of lost unity, the reconciliation of opposites – is also the recognition of the Other, and the support, the means of looking forward, of the couple's journey. Love is made from these tender moments which cannot be separated: retrospection and looking forward, attachment to the past and the quest for the future, obsession and seeking.
The transient agitation of desire is not love, it only leads to frustration. It's only a simulacrum of souls eaten down by the spirit of the era. A quest towards the void that only leads to depression.
Michel Clouscard revisits the importance of this double anchoring in the ideal and reality that love offers. In Greek mythology, "Love visits Aphrodite in the day and spends the night with Psyche. Sharing the body and soul: structure. Libertarian liberalism tramples on what the human consciousness produces, its intimate debates, its freedom. Transgressive consumption erodes the Psyche. I propose conjugal life and the Psyche as a progressive foundation. They are the two loves of man, and his great grief, the double pursuit of the Eternal Feminine."
Who was Michel Clouscard?
He was born in 1928, in a very modest peasant family from Tarn. "He crystallizes the course of a worker's world, which, by seizing the means of intellectual expression, accesses consciousness for itself," writes Aymeric Monville, who continues the re-edition of his principal works with éditions Delga.
After his philosophy studies (his thesis director was Henri Lefeuvre), he became the professor of sociology at the University of Poitiers from 1975 to 1990. From the start of the 1970s, Michel Clouscard developed a critique of "liberal-libertarian" capitalism and social-democracy. He proposed the 'de-dogmatization' of Marxism, without abandoning the theoretical work of Marx: "we must update the sociological schema of the class struggle, reconstitute the terms of the workers' economic oppression in the context of the mode of serial production, analyze the anthropological and political-cultural mediation of the passage from use value to exchange value, address the social initiations to capitalist civilization, challenge theoretical subjectivism or economism in order to allow for a joint analysis of the market of desire and the new exploitation."
Close to the Parti Communiste Français, he refused its reformist orientation in a radical manner: "We must change strategy and philosophy. No longer ape the PS and the third way. We must be those who endure, proposing serious issues. That's what people expect. When I saw them have a fiesta at the Central Committee (Prada and others), I found that derisory. Communism means taking charge of the world's misfortunes, without pathos. We aren't here for conviviality. That's what Jack Lang is for. What we must do, is to rediscover praxis. We must reshape a world where 'action will be the sister of dreams', to cite Baudelaire. To make an alliance between Prometheus and Psyche. The adversaries of Marxism have gotten a grip on psyche; we must take it back from them." Retiring to Gaillac, Michel Clouscard passed away on February 21st 2009.
Published in Rébellion 46 (February 2011)
Source: http://rebellion-sre.fr/michel-clouscard/
1973 1992 1996 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Action Française Adam B. Bartoš Alain de Benoist Anarchism Antonio Medrano Apache Magazine Ba'athism Breizh-Info Consumerism Ernst Jünger Eurasianism Falangism First World and Third World in the Age of Austerity François Duprat Gauche Prolétarienne Georges Sorel Henning Eichberg Hoxha ideology Introduction to the dossier "Africa – Europe" from issue 76 of the magazine Rébellion Jean-Philippe Chauvin Jean Thiriart Juan Domingo Perón KÉVIN "L'IMPERTINENT" VICTOIRE Ladislav Zemánek Lenin Mai 68 Mao Maurras Michel Clouscard National-Syndicalism National Bolshevik Party National Democracy nationalism NazBol Québec Neither Right nor Left: The Epic of Fiume New Left Nouvelle Action Française Patriotism and Socialism Philitt Pierre-Joseph Proudhon Québec Ramiro Ledesma Ramos Ramiro Ledesma Ramos, The Creator of National-Syndicalism reaction Richard Chartrand Robert Steuckers Russia Rébellion Situationism Slaying the Hydra of Reaction socialism Syndicalism The Ba'ath - Ideology and History The Long March: Defeating Liberalism in the West The Québécois National Communist Manifesto Thibault Isabel Thiriart Trump Understand and Fight the Advent of Neo-Capitalism with Michel Clouscard URGENT: Zionist Repressions in the Czech Republic Vouloir What We Are and What We Are Not Youth Zakhar Prilepin Zionism


In the latest Axel-in-Charge column at CBR, Joe Quesada returned for a special Cup O'Joe and revealed some more Netflix Daredevil news.
"Let me be clear, we're not going into this show with the idea of trying to erase the memory of anything that came before or really any preconceived notions whatsoever. We're going into the show trying to create something that's incredibly exciting, incredibly engaging, and will give our fans something that they love, something that's unexpected, something that's going to keep them coming back for more. That's really, ultimately, the goal of this: How do we produce a "Daredevil" TV show on Netflix, that's going to be viewed the way that people view content on Netflix, in a way that's going to be compelling, feels unique, while bringing something that is not only true to the character, but providing something unexpected as well."
Quesada also revealed that the entire 13 episode show will be released at the same time.
More info and quotes in the link below!


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I want to press the HiRes Textures from switch.to/doom2textures/ into my doom2.wad. Is this possible, and if yes, how?
the jdoom way i dunno.
And what about Legacy for Linux?
I don't think Legacy supports hi-res textures.
Not till the C++ version.


This is a list of some of the more notable coal companies of Australia.
Capcoal operates three underground mines and an open cut mine which all produce premium quality hard coking coal for export steel markets. The majority of coal is mined from the German Creek Formation, noted for containing hard coking coal of exceptionally high quality. The German Creek Sequence contains five coal seam intervals known as the German Creek, Corvus, Tieri, Aquila and Pleiades seams. Annual Production: Capcoal mines 11.8 Mt of coal each year to produce in excess of 8.5 Mt of prime quality hard coking coal. Reserves: Mining leases controlled by Capcoal cover 27,343 hectares and estimated resources exceed one billion tonnes with insitu mineable reserves of 125 Mt.
Was a underground mine located north of Muswellbrook.
Drayton is an open cut coal mine, based 13 kilometres south of the town of Muswellbrook in the Upper Hunter Valley in New South Wales, Australia. The mine commenced operation in 1983 and produces approximately 5.5 Mt of thermal coal each year for export and domestic markets. Drayton and the contiguous Saddlers Creek thermal deposit are situated in the Hunter Valley coalfields of the Sydney Basin. Annual production: 2006 5.5 Mt ROM coal, 5.4 Mt saleable coal.. Reserves; 61 Mt proven/probable.
Anglo Coal Australia acquired 70% interest in Foxleigh on 29 February 2008. Foxleigh is an open cut operation located adjacent to Anglo Coal Australia's Capcoal Surface Operation, in the heart of the Bowen Basin in central Queensland. Foxleigh currently produces a low volatile pulverised coal injection (PCI) coal product for use in steelmaking applications around the world. Foxleigh coal is taken from the Middlemount, Tralee, Roper and Pisces seams from within the Rangal coal measures in the southern Bowen Basin. Annual Production: Foxleigh produces approximately 2.5 million tonnes per annum of pulverised coal injection (PCI) coal for the steelmaking industry. The mine's production capacity is 3.3 million tonnes per annum of product coal. Reserves: Estimated coal resources are approximately 290 million tonnes – Foxleigh and surrounding tenements are the subject of ongoing exploration and feasibility studies.
Underground Longwall Mine. Approx 4 million TPA. Metallurgical Coal. Near Middlemount Central Queensland.
Dawson mine, one of Queensland's leading export coal operations, is owned by the Moura Joint Venture, comprising Anglo Coal Australia Pty Ltd (51 %) and Mitsui Coal Holdings Pty Ltd (49 %). The mine is operated by Anglo Coal Australia. Annual production: 7 Mt. Reserves: Currently 297 Mt, but will increase with the life expectancy of the mine to greater than 25 years.
The Bloomfield Group is an Australian owned group of private companies which operates in the Hunter Valley, New South Wales. The Group has interests in mining and engineering. It operates two open cut coal mines: Bloomfield at East Maitland and Rix's Creek at Singleton . Rix's Creek is 5 km north west of Singleton on the New England Highway. It is in the Singleton Council local government area. Situated in the Whittingham Coal Measures, it is part of the Singleton Super Group including the Barrett, Liddell, Arties and Pikes Gully seams (http://www.bloomcoll.com.au). Mines 0.88 million tones per annum.
Blackwater is one of the largest open-cut coal mines in Australia, producing almost 14 million tonnes of coking and thermal coal a year. The mine is located 24 km south of the town of Blackwater and 315 km west of the port of Gladstone.
Broadmeadow Mine, BMA's newest punch longwall underground operation on the Goonyella Riverside lease, commenced longwall mining in August 2005. Broadmeadow Mine is located 30 km north of Moranbah and 190 km south west of Mackay and has the capacity to produce over three million tonnes of high quality coking coal a year.
Goonyella Riverside produces over 14 million tonnes of coking coal a year. The mine is located 30 km north of Moranbah and 190 km south west of the Hay Point port facilities. It is the northernmost of the mines operated by BMA in the Bowen Basin.
Gregory Crinum is located 60 km north east of the rural centre of Emerald and 375 km north west of Gladstone and comprises the Gregory open-cut operations and Crinum underground mine. Gregory open-cut coal mine became operational in 1979, with the first shipment taking place in 1980. Production has been scaled back since the commissioning of the adjacent Crinum underground longwall mine in 1997.
Norwich Park Mine is located 24 km south east of Dysart and 266 km south west of Mackay. Norwich Park open-cut coal mine began production in 1979 and has a production capacity of 5.5 million tonnes of coking coal and ultra low volatile coal a year.
Peak Downs Mine is located 30 km south of the town of Moranbah and 195 km south west of the Hay Point port facilities. Peak Downs is a large, open-cut mining operation, which was developed in the early 1970s. The first coal was mined in April 1972. Today, Peak Downs has a production capacity of nine million tonnes of coking coal per annum.
Saraji Mine is located 24 km south of Peak Downs mine and 213 km south west of the Hay Point coal export terminal. Construction of the Saraji open-cut coking coal mine began in late 1972 and production began in the latter part of 1974. Saraji has a current production capacity of eight million tonnes of high grade coking coal a year.
South Walker Creek Mine is located on the eastern flank of the Bowen Basin, 35 km west of the town of Nebo and 132 km south west of the Hay Point port facilities. South Walker Creek is a contract mining operation owned by BHP Mitsui Coal. Annual production capacity is 3.2 million tonnes of marketable coal, which is suitable for Pulverised Coal Injection (PCI).
Poitrel Mine is situated south-east of the town of Moranbah, and began open-cut operations in October 2006. It is the most recent mine to be opened for the BHP Mitsui Coal owners, and at full production will have an annual capacity of three million tonnes of coal a year.
Hay Point Coal Terminal, located 38 km south of Mackay, is one of Australia's largest and most efficient coal receival and export facilities. Following a recent expansion program, the terminal has the capacity to handle and despatch around 43-45 million tonnes of coal a year.
The mines managed by the BMA have a capacity to produce 58 million tonnes of coal annually, which are currently sold to over 93 customers in 23 countries, including Japan, the UK, Europe, South America, Korea, Taiwan and India.
The Mount Arthur Coal mine is a large open-cut mine near Muswellbrook in the Hunter Valley, New South Wales, Australia .
Angus Place Colliery- Located 15 km north west of Lithgow in the Western Coalfield of New South Wales. Nominal annual production capacity exceeds 7.0 million tonnes per annum.
Awaba Colliery- Located near Toronto in the Newcastle Coalfield of New South Wales. Planned production of 770,000 tonnes for the 2009 financial year.
Charbon Coal- Located at Kandos in the Western Coalfield of New South Wales. Production capacity of approximately 1.2 million tonnes per annum.
Clarence Colliery- Located near Lithgow in the Western Coalfield of New South Wales. Production capacity of up to 2.5 million tonnes per annum – Australia's most productive continuous miner operation.
Mandalong Mine - Located near Morisset in the Newcastle Coalfield of New South Wales. Production currently 4.8 million tonnes per annum, peaking at 5.5 million tonnes in 2010 and averaging 5.0 million tonnes per annum thereafter, with production dependent on longwall changeovers (on average three longwall changeovers every 24 months).
Mannering Colliery- Located in the Newcastle Coalfield of New South Wales. Production capacity of 1 million tonnes per annum, targeting 900,000 tonnes for the 2009 financial year.
Myuna Mine- Located in the Newcastle Coalfield of New South Wales. Current production capacity of 1.5 million tonnes per annum − expanding to 2 million tonnes per annum with new unit in the Wallarah Seam.
Newstan Mine- Located in the Newcastle Coalfield of New South Wales. Infrastructure capacity exceeds 4 million tonnes per annum, including a high capacity coal preparation plant, on-site rail loop for transport of domestic and export products and a dedicated haul road to Eraring Power Station.
The Cornwall Coal Company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Cement Australia. The company operates underground and open cut coal mines, and a coal washing and processing plant, with the main facilities located in NE Tasmania, and a mine in Southern Tasmania . Production of raw coal in 2007/2008 totalled 725 490 tonnes, with 436 544 tonnes of saleable coal being produced.
Donaldson Coal is a coal producer based in New South Wales, Australia. The mining operations are based in the Hunter Valley just south of Maitland, 25 kilometres from Newcastle and Port Waratah. Production is sourced from three mines.
The Donaldson open cut which commenced operations in 2001. The Donaldson Open Cut Mine is located approximately 23 km from the Port of Newcastle on a mining lease contained within both Maitland and Cessnock Council areas. It is currently Donaldson Coal's largest operating mine. The Tasman underground mine near Mount Sugarloaf where mining started in 2006. he Tasman Underground Mine is approximately 20 km from Newcastle and 18 km from South Maitland. Entry to the site is off George Booth Drive approximately 1.5 km west of Seahampton. The Mine Lease covers approximately 952 hectares with George Booth Drive to the north, the F3 Freeway to the east and Mount Sugarloaf in the centre. Production commenced in late 2006, following approval by the Minister for Infrastructure and Planning.
The Abel underground mine in the Black Hill area where operations started in March 2008. The Abel Underground Mine is situated 26 km from Newcastle, with the portal coming off the high wall of Donaldson Open Cut Mine. Development consent was granted in June 2007, and mining commenced in March 2008. Once fully developed, the mine will provide employment for up to 375 direct employees from the lower Hunter Region. The mine uses existing surface infrastructure and the Bloomfield Coal Handling and Preparation Plant, rail loader and rail loop for coal processing and loading.
Donaldson open pit coal mine (Donaldson Coal Pty Ltd., 100%) is located 5 km southeast of Maitland, NSW and has an annual rated output of 2.5 million tone .
Enhance Place Colliery near Lithgow, NSW. Pine Dale Coal Mine.
Established in 1993 as a joint venture among major international companies and their Australian subsidiaries, Ensham Resources Pty Limited is one of Queensland's largest and fastest growing thermal coal producers. Ensham's mining operations currently comprises five open cut coal mining pits: Pits A,B,C & D either side of the Nogoa River - referred to as the 'Ensham Project' - and the 'Yongala' pit, which is located approximately 5 km to the north of the main Ensham operation. Total combined production is currently in the vicinity of 9 million tonnes per annum (mtpa). Ensham Resources produces around 9 million tonnes per annum of high energy low ash thermal coal and small quantities of semi soft coking coal. The coal is exported to leading energy producers in Japan, Korea, India and China and other countries.
a. The Ashton underground and open-cut coal operations are located approximately 12 km north-west of Singleton in the Hunter Valley, New South Wales. The Ashton mines are adjacent to the open-cut mines of Glendell (Xstrata), Camberwell (Vale), Lemington (Rio Tinto), Ravensworth (Xstrata), and Narama (Xstrata). Adjacent underground mines include Glennies Creek (Vale) and Newpac (Xstrata). Felix Resources acquired the interest in the Ashton open-cut and underground projects effective from January 2005. Shortly after, a 30 percent stake was sold to the Singapore based International Marine Corporation Group (IMC) in August 2005. The Ashton Coal operation is an unincorporated joint-venture between Felix Resources (60%), International Marine Corporation Group (30%), and Itochu Corporation of Japan (10%) Felix is the operator of these mines. The Ashton open-cut and underground coal mines have a current production capacity of approximately 3.9 mtpa of high quality soft coking coal. This coal is predominantly exported to Asian steelmakers. Due to restrictions in the Newcastle (PWCS) Port a capacity balancing system (CBS) has been introduced, which will limit all shippers output.
c. The Minerva open-cut coal mine is Felix Resources fourth operating mine and is located approximately 45 km south of Emerald in Queensland's Bowen Basin. The Minerva coal mine is an unincorporated joint-venture with Sojitz Corporation of Japan (45%) and Korea Resources Corporation (4%). Minerva Mining Pty Ltd (subsidiary of Felix) is the manager and operator of this project.The Minerva open-cut mine is a multi-seam mine designed with a production capacity of 2.5 mtpa. Minerva produces a premium thermal coal with a base market of Japan and Korea.
d. The Moolarben coal project is a world class coal asset located 40 km east of Mudgee in the Upper Hunter Valley, New South Wales. This project adjoins the Ulan coal mine (Xstrata/ Mitsubishi) to the north-west and the Wilpinjong coal mine (Peabody) in the east. The Moolarben deposit is an unincorporated joint venture with Sojitz Corporation of Japan (10%), a consortium consisting of Korea Resource Corporation (KORES), Korea Electric Power Company (KEPCO) and four of its generator subsidiaries, Kosep, Komipo, Kowepo and Kospo plus Hanwha Corporation Limited (a total of 10%). Felix owns 80% of the project and will operate the project. The Moolarben resource is approximately 610 million tonnes of high quality open-cut and underground thermal coal with approved capacity of 10 mtpa. The open cut strip ratio is less than 3:1.
e. Felix acquired 100% beneficial ownership of the Harrybrandt exploration project in January 2005. The project is located near Nebo in Queensland's Bowen Basin. Nearby coal mines are Coppabella (Macarthur), South Walker (BMA) and Moorvale (Macarthur). Harrybrandt is located favourably with regard to established infrastructure and port facilities. f. Athena, located adjacent to the operating Minerva Mine, is an exploration project owned by Felix (51%), Sojitz (45%) and Kores (4%) in an unincorporated joint venture . The tenement area covers 27,000 hectares.
Felix Resources is one of six companies involved in the construction of the NCIG terminal which is designed with a final capacity of 66 million tonnes per annum. The first stage is 30 million tonnes per annum.
Foxleigh Mining is the operator of a coal mine in central Queensland. The project is a joint venture between Brisbane company CAML Resources (63%), ICRA Foxleigh, part of the Japanese Itochu group (20.6%), and Indigenous Business Australia (IBA) (16.4%).
The mine commenced operations in late 1999 and presently exports coal to steel mills in Korea, Japan, and elsewhere. In July 2004, the mine had between 20-30 Indigenous employees on site among an employee population of approximately 230.
One of the world¡¯s largest privately owned energy companies with major investments in oil refineries and petroleum products, primarily in Japan. J-Power (formerly Electric Power Development Corporation EPDC) is one of Japan¡¯s largest power utilities. LG International is one of Korea¡¯s largest diversified conglomerates with interests in a vast array of international businesses including electronics. Bligh Coal is a 100% subsidiary of Idemitsu.
Queensland's third largest thermal coal producer and is planning to expand its operations significantly in coming years with a proposed future underground mine in addition to continued expansion of its open cut operations. Idemitsu Australia Resources Pty Ltd and its Australian subsidiary, Bligh Coal Limited which together own 85% of the joint venture, The operator of the mine, Ensham Resources Pty Limited, together with the companyÿs marketing arm, Ensham Coal Sales are based in Brisbane. Idemitsu Australia Resources Pty Ltd and its Australian subsidiary, Bligh Coal Limited which together own 85% of the joint venture. Ensham Resources produces around 9 million tonnes per annum of high energy low ash thermal coal and small quantities of semi soft coking coal. The coal is exported to leading energy producers in Japan, Korea, India and China and other countries.
Illawarra Coal produces premium quality, hard coking coal (used in the production of steel) and some energy coal. Based in Wollongong and operating in the Illawarra and Wollondilly regions south of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Illawarra Coal operates three high-volume underground longwall mines Appin/Appin West, West Cliff (to the west of the Illawarra Escarpment) and Dendrobium (on the eastern side of the Escarpment).
Known as The Douglas Project during its development stages, is an extension to the existing Appin Mine that accesses valuable coking coal reserves to the north of the previous Tower Mine operations. Appin West is situated on Douglas Park Road, near Douglas Park, to the west of Appin, approximately 30 minutes from Wollongong.
a. Appin longwall coal mine (Illawarra Coal Holdings Pty Ltd., operator (BHP Billiton Ltd., 100%)] is located 40 km northwest of Wollongong, NSW and has an annual rated output of 8.8 million tonnes.
b. West Cliff longwall coal mine (BHP Billiton Ltd., 100%) is located 43 km northwest of Wollongong, NSW and has an annual rated output of 2.3 million tonnes.
c. Dendrobium underground coal mine (BHP Billiton Ltd., 100%) is located 15 km southwest of Wollongong, NSW and has an annual rated output of 5.2 million tonnes.
Jellinbah Resources Pty Ltd is a company formed by Queensland Coal Mine Management Pty Ltd (QCMM) to develop and market product coals (low volatile PCI coal, semi-soft coking coal and thermal coal) from QCMM coal mines in Queensland. Jellinbah Resources Pty Ltd operate Jellinbah East Mine in the Bowen Basin of central Queensland, Australia. The mine is located on the Tropic of Capricorn and the product coal is hauled by Queensland Rail to the Port of Gladstone, approximately 300 km from the mine. At Jellinbah East resources of Pollux seam coal are substantial, in excess of 350 million tonnes. Production capacity is in excess of 4.0 million tonnes per annum and infrastructure exists to readily increase this production level if required.
Coalpac acquired the assets of the Lithgow Coal Company in February 2008. These assets include the Cullen Valley Mine located in the Western Coalfield of New South Wales, Australia. It is immediately adjacent to the Baal Bone Colliery to the west and the Invincible Colliery to the south, and is approximately 5 km by road from the Mount Piper coal fired power station. The Mine has development consent to produce up to 1 Mtpa, however historical production has been around 700,000 tonnes per annum.
An independent Queensland-based coal mining company with operations located in Queensland's Bowen Basin. Macarthur Coal currently operates out of its Coppabella, Moorvale and Middlemount mines. The company also has an extensive range of prospects for new projects.
Macarthur Coal mines approximately 5.5 million tonnes of raw coal to produce 4.2 million tonnes of product coal each year.
Taken over by Muswellbrok Industries Limited.
Idemitsu Muswellbrook Coal a subsidiary of Idemitsu Kosan acquired the entire share capital of Muswellbrook Coal from Muswellbrook Energy and Minerals.
New Hope is an independent, energy company which has open cut mines at Acland on the Darling Downs and at Rosewood near Ipswich. The New Acland open cut mine is located approximately 150 kilometres west of Brisbane in the Darling Downs region of Queensland. The mining method used at New Acland is an open cut multi-thin-seam operation which utilises trucks, excavators and front-end loaders. Overburden is blasted or ripped by bulldozers prior to extraction. New Oakleigh operates an open cut coal mine near the town of Rosewood, 23 kilometres west of Ipswich and 92 kilometres from the Port of Brisbane. The mining method used at New Oakleigh is a multi-thin-seam operation utilising trucks, excavators and front-end loaders. Overburden is blasted or ripped by bulldozers prior to extraction.
During the fiscal year ended 31 July 2008 (fiscal 2008), total saleable coal production from New Hope's operations was 4.451 million tons. The New Acland Mine is located 16 kilometers northwest of Oakey on the Darling Downs in South East Queensland and is the Company's major production source with approximately 3.92 million tons produced during fiscal 2008. The balance of coal production in fiscal 2008, of 531,000 tons came from the New Oakleigh mine in the West Moreton district, near Ipswich. In September 2008, the Company announced the sale of New Saraji Coal project to the BHP Mitsubishi Alliance (BMA).
One of Australia's largest mining companies with 10 operations in Queensland and New South Wales.
A. Queensland hosts six of the mine sites operated by Peabody Pacific. Four of these, Burton, North Goonyella, Eaglefield and Millennium span the length of the Bowen Basin coalfield. The Wilkie Creek mine site operates within the Surat Basin.
a. Burton mine is located in the Bowen Basin, about 150 kilometres south-west of Mackay. Mining commenced in 1996 and now extends over three individual operating pits: Plumtree, Wallanbah and Broadmeadows. The open-cut mine uses the terrace mining technique supported by a truck and shovel fleet. It is operated under contract by Thiess.
b. North Goonyella underground and Eaglefield open-cut mines are located at the northern end of the Bowen Basin, about 160 kilometres west of Mackay. The combined operations produce around three million tonnes (3.3 million tons) of coking coal a year from a lease of 3341 hectares. Mining commenced from the underground in 1994.
c. Millennium mine is located near the town of Moranbah in the Bowen Basin. Mining commenced in May 2006 at a rate of 1.5 million tonnes (1.65 million tons) a year. The mine plans to increase its annual saleable PCI and coking coal production to three million tonnes (3.3 million tons) as port constraints are eased at Dalrymple Bay Coal Terminal. Millennium provides a low ash coking coal and low to mid-volatile PCI coal to customers in Japan, Korea and India.
d. Wilkie Creek mine is located in the Surat Basin of south-east Queensland. Although mining originally started in 1994, Peabody commenced operations in 2005. Currently producing around 1.8 million tonnes (2 million tons) of low sulphur, low nitrogen, environmentally superior thermal coal, plans are under way to ramp up to 2.5 million tonnes (2.8 million tons) in 2008.
B. Peabody Pacific operate four mine sites in New South Wales. These extend from the Hunter Valley coalfields west of Newcastle to the Southern coalfields just below Sydney.
a. Wilpinjong mine is located 10 kilometres south-east of Ulan mine and 40 kilometres north-east of Mudgee. Mining commenced in late 2006; production in 2009 was 8.3 million tons, and Peabody plans to make further investments to increase output.
b. Wambo is one of Peabody's largest operating mines and is located in the Hunter Valley, about 30 kilometres from Singleton. Mining commenced in 1969. Wambo produces around five million tonnes (5.5 million tons) of saleable thermal coal a year.
c. Chain Valley is located in the Newcastle coalfield on the southern shore of Lake Macquarie, around 100 kilometres north of Sydney. The mine is immediately adjacent to Delta Electricity's Vales Point power station, one of Chain Valley's major customers.
d. Metropolitan is located in the Southern coalfields, about 50 kilometres south of Sydney. The coal leases cover an area of 5195 hectares. The mine currently produces around 1.5 million saleable tonnes (1.65 million tons) of hard coking and semi-hard coking coal per year. Reserves provide for a mine life of more than 20 years at current and proposed levels of production.
In 2003 Peabody Energy ships a record 185 million tonnes (204 million tons) of coal to its clients worldwide.
In Queensland, Rio Tinto Coal Australia operates the Blair Athol, Hail Creek and Kestrel Mines and is currently constructing the Clermont Mine Project. In New South Wales, Rio Tinto Coal Australia manages Coal & Allied's operations at Mount Thorley Warkworth, Hunter Valley Operations and Bengalla.
Hail Creek Mine can now produce eight million tonnes of coking coal. Bengalla Mine is a 6.6 million tonne per year open cut operation located about four kilometres west of Muswellbrook. The mine produced 5.9 million tonne of thermal coal in 2005, and has marketable reserves of 154.6 million tonnes. The Hunter Valley coal preparation plant (HVCPP) is consented to receive has a capacity of about 20 million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) run of mine (ROM) coal utilising dense medium cyclones and spirals. The coal preparation plants at MTW have a capacity of 9 million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) of feed yielding about 5.8Mtpa of saleable coal, utilising crushing, screening, dense medium separation, froth flotation.
Vale's global coal business is headquartered in Australia includes mining operations in Australia, China, Colombia and Mozambique. In Australia, Vale operates mines in Queensland's Bowen Basin and the Hunter Valley district of New South Wales with a nominal production capacity of 8Mtpa. Vale is also involved in continuing exploration activities with 7,000km2 of coal exploration assets in Queensland.
Carborough Downs Mine Carborough Downs Mine, near Moranbah in Queensland, is a modern underground longwall operation owned 80% by Vale, with JV partners Nippon Steel 5%, POSCO 5%, Tata 5% and JFE Shoji 2.5%. Carborough Downs produces redominantly semi-hard coking coal coking coal product, with a longwall mining rate on average 5.5 Mtpa ROM to yield approx 3.8Mtpa coking coal and PCI coal. The seam is relatively uniform, ranging 4.5 to 5.7 metres thick. Total resources 280Mt - 300Mt. (est).
Integra Mine Integra Coal is 61.2% owned by Vale, with JV partners Toyota Tsusho Australia 28%, Nippon Steel 3.6%, POSCO 3.6%, JFE Shoji 1.8% and JFE Steel 1.8%. Integra has annual coal production capacity of 5.4 Mtpa of semi-hard, semi-soft and thermal coals from integrated underground and open cut operations. The underground and open cut mine share related infrastructure. Underground and open cut expansions are planned at Integra, which is located in the Hunter Valley region of New South Wales.
Isaac Plains Mine Vale has a 50% ownership of the Isaac Plains Mine, 22 km from Moranbah. Commissioned in late 2006, Isaac Plains is contract mined and has an annual production capacity of 2.8 Mtpa of coking, PCI, and thermal coals. Commissioning of a dragline in 2010 will increase annual capacity to 4.5 Mtpa. The mine has a 15+ year life expectancy.
The Wesfarmers Resources division, with mining interests throughout Australia, is part of Wesfarmers Limited, a major diversified Australian public company. Their coal interests include the Curragh mine in Queensland's Bowen Basin (metallurgical coal for export markets and steam coal for domestic markets), the Premier Coal mine at Collie in Western Australia's south west (steam coal for domestic markets), and a 40 per cent interest in the Bengalla mine in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales (steam coal for both export and domestic markets).
The coal interests of Wesfarmers Resources comprise: a. the Curragh mine in Queensland's Bowen Basin (coking coal for export markets and steam coal for domestic markets) b. the Premier Coal mine at Collie in Western Australia's south-west (steam coal for the domestic market) c. a 40 per cent interest in the Bengalla mine in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales (steam coal for both export and domestic markets).
Coal production at the mine during the March quarter totalled 2.157 million tonnes, comprising 1.451 million tonnes of metallurgical coal and 706,000 tonnes of steaming coal, down 13.5 per cent on the previous quarter.
A publicly listed mining company Whitehaven Coal Limited is currently developing and operating coal projects in the Gunnedah Region of New South Wales and exploring other opportunities. The Group operates five open cut mines, Canyon (formerly Whitehaven), Tarrawonga, Werris Creek, Rocglen (formerly Belmont) and Sunnyside and is developing the Narrabri North underground mine.
The Canyon (formerly Whitehaven) open cut mine is located 15 km east of Boggabri. Annual production is up to 1 million tonnes, all of which is exported. The Tarrawonga open cut mine commenced production in 2006. The mine is located 16 km north-east of Boggabri. Mining is by truck and excavator method to produce up to 1.5 million tonnes of export coal per year. The Werris Creek open cut mine is located 4 km south of Werris Creek on the Quirindi road. Werris Creek is mined using truck and excavator producing up to 1.5 million tonnes per annum as raw coal for the export market. The Rocglen mine (formerly Belmont Project) is located 28 km north of Gunnedah on the Wean road the Rocglen open cut mine commenced coal production in late 2008. Using truck and excavator method up to 1.5 million tonnes per annum of coal will be trucked 30 km by road to Gunnedah CHPP for washing & loading then transport by rail to the Port of Newcastle. The Narrabri North underground mine is located between Boggabri and Narrabri within Mining Lease 1609. Initial production using continuous miners will be 1.5 million tonnes per year. Coal production commenced on 28 June 2010 with the train to be loaded for export to Newcastle port around end July 2010. Initial production would be raw coal as Coal Washery needs to be build, which is Stage 2 of the project.The Sunnyside open cut coal mine is located 15 km west of Gunnedah and will produce up to 1 million tonnes per year of raw coal for the export market. Coal production commenced in late 2008.
Mount Owen - The Mount Owen Complex consists of the Mount Owen, Ravensworth East and Glendell open cut coal mines.
Liddell - Liddell Colliery is an established open-cut coal mining operation located at Ravensworth in the Hunter Valley in New South Wales.
Baal Bone, New South Wales Australia- Annual production capacity approximately 2.5 million tonnes run of mine coal.
^ "Peabody Energy Approves Expansion of Highly Productive Wilpinjong Mine in Australia - Mining Top News". http://www.miningtopnews.com/peabody-energy-approves-expansion-of-highly-productive-wilpinjong-mine-in-australia.html. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
^ "Wesfarmers' Curragh coal prices plummet". The Sydney Morning Herald. 20 April 2009. http://news.smh.com.au/breaking-news-business/wesfarmers-curragh-coal-prices-plummet-20090420-ac6w.html.


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HN Issue 11: Why Stewardship?
Stewardship is defined as the responsible management of something entrusted to your care. Reflecting on that definition, I can't help but take inventory of all the opportunities I've had to act as a steward throughout my life – in precious relationships as a husband, father, and grandfather; in my career, civic duties and in local community commitments – I can only pray that I continue to sensitively and intentionally care for the responsibilities before me.
My current role as President of FH Canada carries the need for accountability that comes with stewarding any organization – but especially one with a mission as critical as eradicating poverty one community at a time. Stewardship is a core value of FH Canada and exemplifies our commitment to responsible planning, wise management of resources and our ultimate purpose of creating sustainable change.
This issue of Hope Notes focuses on the diverse ways we strive to infuse the values of stewardship and accountability into every aspect of our work. You'll read about a unique recycling program that is literally saving thousands of lives and you'll also get an inside perspective on a non-profit's necessary yet often misunderstood administration rate.
We've also put together several creative suggestions for people looking to join us more intentionally in the rewarding work of walking alongside the most resilient global communities you could ever hope to meet.
Frankly, we can't do what we do every day without your partnership, so part of our focus on stewardship is directly tied to you. We want you to know you're connected, valued and respected, so we have worked extremely hard to make our activities as transparent and transformative as possible. Flip to the end of this issue to see how you can follow your impact online through updates, stories and dialogue.
Food for the Hungry: HN Issue 11: Why Stewardship?


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Harvard Psychologist: There's A Good Chance Your New Year's Resolution Will Do More Harm Than Good
Amy Cuddy gives a presentation in 2011.
PopTech/Flickr
With January 1 approaching, it's easy to get caught up in the excitement of seeing a new year as a fresh start, and maybe you have a New Year's resolution ready to go.
But there's a good chance it could do more harm than good, says Amy Cuddy, a social psychologist and associate professor at Harvard Business School. "We're really bad at setting reasonable goals," she tells Business Insider. And when we don't meet an unreasonable goal, we fill ourselves with feelings of anxiety and lower our self-worth.
We spoke with Cuddy about her research on the effects of goal-setting and how to avoid a resolution that will end up being a burden. She says these are the four most common mistakes people make when setting a New Year's resolution.
They deal with absolutes.
"People are making absolute statements about what they're going to do, and that's setting them up for failure immediately," Cuddy says, "because they're not always going to go to the gym three times a week."
For that example, you may start to become the most determined gym rat around, but at some point in the year there may be a period where the flu keeps you in bed for a week or a few days when you need to set aside your plans for the sake of your job or family.
On the other hand, it's just as unhelpful to come up with a vague and distant goal, such as "I'm going to get a job," because there's nothing to latch onto.
They are framed by negativity.
People "tend to focus on things they want to change about themselves and things they dislike about themselves," Cuddy says.
When you do this, "you're eliciting in yourself negative emotions. Some negative emotions are motivating, but for the most part, they're not." If you say, "I'm going to stop eating junk food," to use an example, you're denigrating yourself before even getting started. You're better off framing your goal as "eating healthier" so that you'll remain motivated and optimistic.
They are focused on the outcome and not the process.
"If you're focused on walking 100 miles, and you're just constantly focused on that number 100 miles and trying to track your progress, it's going to be pretty friggin demoralizing most of the way," Cuddy says. "You're going to feel like a failure for so much of that because the comparison is between where I am now versus where I want to be."
They are reliant on outside forces.
And finally, it's a bad idea to incorporate other people and moments of luck into your goal-setting.
If you're going for a promotion at work, you'll be doing yourself a favor by focusing on steps along the way related to your performance. But starting off with the idea that you're a failure if you don't get the position disregards plenty of factors beyond your control, such as the mindset of your boss and any other role changes within the company.
As you can probably tell, Cuddy is not a fan of grandiose New Year's resolutions. In her upcoming book "Presence," she advocates for "self-nudging," a process of constantly setting small goals in lieu of large ones.
However, she says it's great if people want to use January 1 as a symbolic day to start with a goal that allows room for these self-nudges and doesn't cause too much stress.
Cuddy says one of her recent goals was "to fall in love with running," avoiding any specific number of miles or pace times. She started with a simple self-nudge to reach a jogging pace where she could conserve enough breath that she could have a conversation the entire time and started building from there.
As a natural byproduct of this approach, her pace started to pick up. And she didn't even have to shame herself into getting into better shape.
SEE ALSO: 20 Super-Successful People Share Their New Year's Resolution
More: Habits Productivity Hacks New Year's Resolutions Amy Cuddy


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