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The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene — Recommend this title to your library
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
oa Pilot Study of the Addition of Mass Treatment for Malaria to Existing School-Based Programs to Treat Neglected Tropical Diseases
Lauren M. Cohee1, Moses Chilombe2, Andrew Ngwira2, Samuel K. Jemu3, Don P. Mathanga2, Miriam K. Laufer1
Affiliations: 1 Division of Malaria Research, Institute for Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; 2 Malaria Alert Center, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi; 3 Ministry of Health Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi
*Address correspondence to Lauren M. Cohee, Division of Malaria Research, Institute for Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, HSF II, Room 48, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201. E-mail: [email protected]
fn1Financial support: This study was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Grand Challenge Explorations grant (OPP1129097). Additional support for L. M. C. was provided by the National Institutes of Health National Research Service Award training grants (grant number T32AI05724).
fn2Authors' addresses: Lauren M. Cohee and Miriam K. Laufer, Division of Malaria Research, Institute for Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, E-mails: [email protected] and [email protected]. Moses Chilombe and Andrew Ngwira, Save the Children International, Lilongwe, Malawi, E-mail: [email protected] and [email protected]. Samuel K. Jemu, ICOSA TRUST, Lilongwe, Malawi, E-mail: [email protected]. Don P. Mathanga, Malaria Alert Center, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi, E-mail: [email protected].
Publisher: The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Volume 98, Issue 1, 10 Jan 2018, p. 95 - 99
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0590
Malaria and neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), including schistosomiasis and soil transmitted helminths, threaten the health of school aged in sub-Saharan Africa. Established school-based mass drug administration (MDA) programs are used to control NTDs. Recent clinical trials have shown benefit of mass treatment of malaria in schools. The potential of adding malaria treatment to existing NTD programs has not been thoroughly evaluated. We offered malaria treatment with artemether-lumefantrine during routine NTD MDA and developed peer education programs in two primary schools in southern Malawi. We assessed participation, safety, and tolerability of coadministration of artemether-lumefantrine with praziquantel and albendazole. Results were compared with two schools conducting standard NTD MDA with additional monitoring by study staff. A total of 3,387 students (68%) received the standard NTD MDA. Among parents who came to schools on the day of the MDA, malaria treatment was well accepted; 87% of students who received the standard NTD MDA in intervention schools also consented for treatment with artemether-lumefantrine. The most frequent treatment emergent adverse events (AEs) were headache and vomiting. However, AEs were rare and were not more frequent in students who received artemether-lumefantrine in addition to praziquantel and albendazole. In this study, we found that the addition of malaria treatment to NTD MDA is well-received and safe. Such integrated programs may leverage existing infrastructures to reduce intervention costs and could become the framework for further integrated school-based health programs.
© The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
[open-access] This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
The graphs shown below represent data from March 2017
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Matangila JR, Doua JY, Mitashi P, da Luz RI, Lutumba P, Van Geertruyden JP, 2017. Efficacy and safety of intermittent preventive treatment in schoolchildren with sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP) and SP plus piperaquine in Democratic Republic of the Congo: a randomised controlled trial. Int J Antimicrob Agents 49: 339–347.
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Clarke SE et al., 2017. Impact of a malaria intervention package in schools on Plasmodium infection, anaemia and cognitive function in schoolchildren in Mali: a pragmatic cluster-randomised trial. BMJ Glob Heal 2: e000182.
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Midzi N et al., 2011. Efficacy of integrated school based de-worming and prompt malaria treatment on helminths-Plasmodium falciparum co-infections: a 33 months follow up study. BMC Int Health Hum Rights 11: 9.
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Okello G et al., 2013. Challenges for consent and community engagement in the conduct of cluster randomized trial among school children in low income settings: experiences from Kenya. Trials 14: 142.
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Hotez PJ, Molyneux DH, Fenwick A, Ottesen E, Ehrlich Sachs S, Sachs JD, 2006. Incorporating a rapid-impact package for neglected tropical diseases with programs for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and Malaria. PLoS Med 3: e102.
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0590
Pilot Study of the Addition of Mass Treatment for Malaria to Existing School-Based Programs to Treat Neglected Tropical Diseases
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 98, 95 (2018); https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.17-0590
Received : 24 Jul 2017
Accepted : 29 Sep 2017
Published online : 06 Nov 2017
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Quidditch Canada is excited to announce the hiring of Yara Kodershah as Communications Director, effective immediately. Yara Kodershah joined the quidditch community in 2013. As the founder and President of a fan-driven charity in Edmonton at the time, she often collaborated with quidditch teams in Alberta for events and charitable initiatives. She holds a Master of Education from the University of Toronto, and has over five years of experience working in communications roles in a for-profit and non-profit capacity. Yara currently plays for and co-manages the Valhalla Quidditch community team in Toronto, Ontario.
Yara will be taking over all communications responsibilities that were previously managed by Interim Communications Director and Events Director, Sachin Kotecha. Quidditch Canada would like to thank Sachin for all the hard work he has performed as Interim Communications Director, and look forward to more great work in his continued role within Quidditch Canada as Events Director.


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Newsarama Newsarama is your source for comic book news
Rethinking the Justice League
By George Marston
The 'rethought' Justice League will be back by the end of the year. Here's what it could look like
(Image credit: George Marston / DC)
No sooner has DC announced that the Titans would become the new premiere superhero team of the DC Universe than the publisher also stealth-announced that the Justice League would return by the end of 2023, seemingly to reclaim that mantle.
That means that now is a perfect time for, as Batman put it, to "rethink" the Justice League - both in terms of who is a part of it, and how it works (and on a meta tip, who should write the Justice League series when it returns).
As the first modern superhero team with over 60 years of adventures to go on, the Justice League has tried nearly every model of operation for a hero team - and that may actually be the key to where the League should go when it reforms.
There have been plenty of stories in which the heroes of the DCU have decided the Justice League needs to change how it works, so perhaps the path to the perfect Justice League lies in embracing that fluidity for a team that changes its very nature based on the story or threat at hand.
What do we mean by that? We'll explain.
(Image credit: DC)
The fan-favorite animated series Justice League Unlimited came the closest to this potential model for the team, featuring a massive roster of dozens of heroes, all of whom were picked and chosen on a case-by-case basis by the team's coordinators, based on the needs of the mission at hand.
Maybe the way to rethink the Justice League is to capture similar energy with a small core roster of heroes alongside a much larger team of characters who come and go based on the mission or story arc, heeding the call of the Justice League when needed.
At the top of the League, a leadership council comprised of Superman, Batman, and Wonder Woman along with Martian Manhunter as the team's coordinator would fit the bill nicely, and allow the Justice League's 'Trinity' and its most senior member to stay inextricably tied to the team's core concept and history.
But DC could take things a step further by embracing the larger history of the Justice League as part of that concept, making each of the different teams assembled reflect a classic Justice League era that matches the threat at hand.
Not just the big guns, either, but the second-tier characters whose presence defines the eras in question along with the A-listers.
For example, a mission that calls upon the Grant Morrison-era League might include Kyle Rayner, Wally West, Connor Hawke, Aztek, and Zauriel. Meanwhile, a mission that calls for a team based on the Detroit-era Justice League might include Aquaman, Vixen, Vibe, Commander Steel, and Zatanna.
That's just scratching the surface of what's possible, especially if DC were to bring in a Super Friends-style team with Nightwing or Tim or Damian in the Robin role and some of the show's proprietary characters such as the Wonder Twins, El Dorado, and Samurai (and maybe even Gleek the space monkey if DC's feeling particularly funny).
(Image credit: George Pérez (DC))
That brings to mind the 'Bwa-ha-ha' era Justice League International team, some of whom are appearing in the soon-to-be-concluded Human Target limited series. A team from that era could include current (re)rising star Shazam, along with fan favorites such as Blue Beetle and Booster Gold, Fire and Ice, and maybe (if he ever gets un-murdered) Guy Gardner.
And, of course, there's the vaunted Satellite-era Justice League, a 16-plus member team that included nearly all of the League's big guns and most iconic members. A team like that, with Batman, Superman, Wonder Woman, and J'onn J'onnz at the head, but including Aquaman (Arthur), Green Lantern (Hal), Green Arrow (Oliver), Black Canary, Flash (Barry), Zatanna, the Atom (Ray Palmer), Hawkgirl and Hawkman, Red Tornado, the Elongated Man, Firestorm, and even Phantom Stranger all together again would be the perfect roster for the League to take on the biggest, most cosmic threats.
The new Justice League
The concept of a rotating Justice League that embraces all the team's most notable eras brings a bit of a new flavor to the team. But it's missing something that will likely be essential to actually full-on "rethinking" the Justice League - and that's some new blood.
Coming right off a nearly year-long stint with the Titans at the top of the DC Universe's hierarchy of power, any version of the Justice League - even one with a new operating concept - is bound to look a little staid and perhaps even stale without acknowledging that the Titans generation of heroes are now up to the challenge of being the DCU's biggest protectors.
So we say, first off, keep them on - not just as one of the rotating teams, but as regular cast members whose presence could provide some emotional throughline for the story. Nightwing was granted the role of protecting Earth-Prime. Let him keep what he's earned, along with heroes like Cyborg, Starfire, Raven, Donna Troy, and Beast Boy, some of whom have already served as full-on Justice League members at some point over the years.
And then there's the matter of the latest generation of young DC heroes such as Jon Kent, Yara Flor, Jo Mullein, Jace Fox, and others who were shown as the Justice League in the flash-forward story Future State.
A massive, all-encompassing League of numerous heroes would be a perfect way to bring the Future State League back together without somehow overshadowing the Titans in the process (especially if they're included as well).
A team like this would also fit into the post-Dark Nights: Death Metal concept of DC's heroes regaining the memories and experiences of past eras and timelines, which puts all of DC continuity in the mix to draw from.
The various line-ups wouldn't just be a creative conceit requiring a wink and a nod, the team can draw from the memories of their history. For instance, if the White Martians resurface, the Morrison Pantheon JLA line-up could be called upon. Or if Darkseid and the forces of Apokolips show up, the New 52-era team with Cyborg could spring into action.
A full-on cross-generational League wouldn't be totally unprecedented, but sticking with it would certainly be a reinvention at this point, especially if the new Justice League can manage to look like a whole new animal without losing its connection to the League's storied history.
A team following this model could pull from the best Justice League line-ups of all time.
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George Marston
I've been Newsarama's resident Marvel Comics expert and general comic book historian since 2011. I've also been the on-site reporter at most major comic conventions such as Comic-Con International: San Diego, New York Comic Con, and C2E2. Outside of comic journalism, I am the artist of many weird pictures, and the guitarist of many heavy riffs. (They/Them)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The decision to file bankruptcy is one to take seriously. There are many consequences that come from the process. Yet, for those who are struggling with significant financial debt and the inability to get caught up, filing may be one of the best decisions you can do for yourself. However, you will first need to secure the help of an attorney and make payment for the lawyer's fees upfront. How can you do so? You can find a cheap bankruptcy lawyer in Puyallup WA that can help you. It all starts with a free initial consultation.
Why Go to a Consultation?
During a consultation with a cheap bankruptcy lawyer in Puyallup WA, you will learn all of your options for filing bankruptcy. The attorney will discuss with you what types of assets you own. You will also learn about the types of debt you have that may be discharged during bankruptcy. Many men and women find that during this initial meeting they can gain some sense of peace knowing there is help for them. This is also the time to learn more about if you qualify for Chapter 7 or Chapter 13. You can learn what will happen to your home, your paycheck, your garnishments, as well as any lawsuits you are facing. You get the information you need to make big decisions about your financial future.
Finding that cheap bankruptcy lawyer in Puyallup WA is the first step. You can get insight into what your options are. And, there is no pressure to move forward. You can also learn about available payment plans to help make paying for those legal fees much easier. When you leave that consultation, you will have the information you need to make a decision for your future.


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$25K+ raised to help family of nurse slain in Nashville
NASHVILLE, Tenn. (WKRN) — More than $25,000 has been raised to assist the family of MICU nurse Caitlyn Kaufman, a Saint Thomas West Hospital nurse who was shot and killed on Interstate 440 while heading to work on Thursday, Dec. 3.
Caitlyn Kaufman was driving to work the overnight shift at the hospital when someone opened fire on her SUV Thursday night. She was just 26 years old.
On Monday, Caitlyn's devastated mother Diane joined investigators at a news conference. Clutching her daughter's hospital ID badge, she pleaded for help finding the person responsible for her daughter's murder.
'She loved helping people:' Family pleads for tips after Nashville nurse slain on interstate
Fighting back tears, Diane Kaufman spoke directly to the community her daughter dreamed of working in.
"All I'm asking is that the Nashville community that she loved so much come together and help us find who did this to my daughter," said Kaufman, "I'm reaching out to you and pleading out as her mother to help me find out who did this to my daughter."
"Caitlyn was selfless. She was full of life. She lit up a room as soon as she walked into it. she had a contagious laugh, she beautiful blue eyes. a heart of gold and she found the good. Caitlyn was a very loyal person. When you had the opportunity to be welcomed into her small circle, she was loyal to her forever. You were now her family. Not just friends, you were her chosen family. She's sorely missed," continued Diane Kaufman.
Investigators determined Caitlyn was killed between 6:05 p.m. and 6:10 p.m. when at least six gunshots were fired into her SUV. The fatal shot entered Caitlyn's left shoulder and killed her within 15 seconds, according to the medical examiner.
Authorities believe she died too quickly to attempt to call 911.
Diane Kaufman spoke to Caitlyn minutes before she was killed. She has a message for Caitlyn's killer.
"Why did you do that to her? She didn't deserve it. I can't wrap my head around it. I don't know how someone can take another person's life like that. She was on her way to work. It wasn't like she was doing anything maliciously," continued Diane Kaufman.
"The death of Caitlyn is a tragedy, not only for her family, but for the city and for her team at St. Thomas West Hospital. We're grateful for the strength of her mother, Diane, who traveled her from Pennsylvania. Ms. Kaufman, we grieve with you and we'll do all we can to find the perpetrator," said Metro Police Chief Drake.
There are multiple ways you can donate to help the family of Kaufman.
Currently, there are two GoFundMe fundraisers going with proceeds from both going back to the family. One is set up by relatives of Caitlyn, the other set up by coworkers of Caitlyn's mother, Diane.
Additionally, checks can be made payable to the Caitlyn M. Kaufman Memorial Fund set up at NexTier Bank in Pennsylvania. Mail checks to:
NexTier Bank
Caitlyn Kaufman Memorial Fund
Cranberry Township, PA 16066
Anyone with information on this crime or other crimes can call Nashville Crime Stoppers at 615-74-CRIME or you can submit a tip onlineby clicking here. You may be eligible for a cash reward up to $1,000.
Teachers voice concerns as state legislature takes up special session on education
MEMPHIS, Tenn. (AP) — Already facing allegations of stealing more than $600,000 in federal funds from a health care school she directed, a Tennessee state senator has been charged in a new fraud case, the U.S. attorney's office in Memphis said Tuesday.
Democrat Katrina Robinson and two other people have been charged in a complaint with conspiracy to commit wire fraud and money laundering, about six months after Robinson was indicted on federal charges that she used grant money earmarked for health care worker training to pay for her wedding and honeymoon, a Jeep Renegade for her daughter, her children's snow cone business, and other things.


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*Is it safe to make request like: https://localhost:8443/docs/1?access_token=12345 ? I am using HTTPS.

A: As per the OAuth 2.0 standards, it is recommended to pass the Access Token as a bearer header.
Please check RFC 6759 for more information.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Forget that fantasy trip to volunteer at the vineyard in France! Burgundy-colored Wall-Ye is equipped with shears and sensors so it can do the tough work of pruning and monitoring plants throughout the season.
Like horses, camels need jockeys when they race. Until a few years ago, young boys were the likely riders. Now, tiny robot jockeys ride camels through the sand while owners remotely control their little whips.
Performers inside giant "fembots" are just one element of the extreme floor show at the Robot Restaurant in Tokyo. Other acts include boxing robots, giant motorcycles, and lots and lots of neon.
Robots have captured our collective imagination ever since we first made machines. A special issue in Science turns the spotlight on robots and the people who make them. From robotic soldiers to metal pop stars, meet some of the bots that are blurring the borders between human and machine.


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Are Rich Latin Americans Creating A Miami Real Estate Bubble?
Wealthy Latin Americans have been among the most active home buyers in Miami, which now may be creating a "tough" sellers' market perceived by some as simply a haven for assets threatened by instability in home countries.
Working out at Miami Beach
TNS/ZUMA
EconomyArgentinaSourcesfeatured-postCountriesAMERICA ECONOMIAChileUnited States
Gwendolyn Ledger
-Analysis-
MIAMI — If New York is the city that never sleeps, Miami may well be the city that never stops growing. Florida's bilingual paradise with dreamy beaches is expanding both upwards and sideways, and has received almost 1,000 new residents a day since 2020, according to figures from local realtors ISG Realty and ISG World.
The attraction has spread to surrounding districts and counties, both for Florida's climate and beaches and for the security and stability the United States assures. Geraldo, a financier from Peru, has been living in Weston, in Broward County north-east of Miami, for almost a year. He decided to buy a house with a garden there for the area's reputable schools, infrastructure and "impressive security." These and other factors like Florida's lower personal taxes have all fueled demand for homes in several districts of southern Florida and also in Orlando, Jacksonville and Tampa.
The MIAMI Association of Realtors says total residential sales in Miami-Dade Country rose 20.2% in September 2021, year-on-year. Apartment or condominium sales rose by over 45% in that period, and if sales of detached homes fell slightly, it was for a dearth in supply. World Property Journal, which reports on the sector worldwide, observed last November that the pandemic had not halted foreign property acquisitions in the Greater Miami area.
For 2021, the National Association of Realtors identified the top Latin American customers in southern Florida as Argentines (13% of all buyers), followed by Colombians (12%), Venezuelans (10%) and Mexicans (7%).
Miami has been attracting foreign property investors for 13 years now, and Alex Horenstein, an associate professor of economics at the University of Miami, identifies Latin Americans as "historical" customers in Florida. Horenstein says the reasons are numerous: climate, livability, prices, the prevalence of Spanish and easy access by plane.
Miami is also "aspirational" for them, he says, but more importantly, buying property here is also a way of protecting money from depreciation, "given all the political ups and downs in [their] countries, and currency problems."
César Altamirano is co-founder of Chilean investment firm Invierta en USA, which offers properties for purchase and holiday rentals. He says his firm channeled some $40 million in investments "from Chilean clients taking their capital to the U.S., which is in response to inflation and political and economic insecurity locally."
His firm also aids customers with investments that can earn them green card residencies. Verónica Cortés, a partner of the Key Properties, says these are for people with money or readied credit facilities. Cortés says aspirants should not hope for a mortgage locally, due to stringent lending conditions for foreigners. An investor visa requires around $100,000 to $120,000 on top of your home purchase. "It's the price of stability," she says.
Problem in paradise
But as in other cities, the arrival of rich investors is fueling resentment among local residents. Andrew Otazo, a political and environmental activist and son of Cuban refugees, says 30% of locals, including professionals he knows, have problems paying the city's elevated rents, or even finding homes to rent or buy. Foreign owners, he says, effectively double local rents to pay for their investments.
Low taxes as a magnet for Florida
Both Otazo and David L. Kelly, professor of economics at the University of Miami, suggest this investment boom seems oblivious to the changes climate change may bring to local living conditions, notably through rising water levels that are ruining underground fresh water supplies and causing an increase in viral diseases.
This city was already adapting itself, and would take more protective measures, says Kelly, "but it'll be costly." He adds that protecting fresh water supplies from salinization was in particular "complex and costly," as would any recourse to desalination plants if water supplies run short.
Otazo says investors are now moving toward more elevated districts like Little Haiti and Overtown, where traditionally, poorer, Afro-Caribbean and Latino residents lived. Many, he says, "have had to move, as they cannot afford to pay the higher rents."
Miami has been attracting foreign property investors for more than a decade
Antonio Cuellar
Southern Wall Street
Horenstein sees low taxes as a magnet for Florida: "For Miami and for Florida, the greatest revenue comes from the real estate tax, precisely, because there is no income tax. So for the state's coffers, the most beneficial thing that can happen is the increase in the price of real estate, because that is where the main taxes come from."
Tony Rodríguez Tellaheche Jr., co-founder of the Prestige Realty Group, which sells luxury homes, tells América Economía that Miami had become a multicultural center with a tremendous cultural scene and international banking facilities and is even a budding investment center for cryptocurrencies, "which I don't see diminishing any time soon."
As demand exceeds supply here, his firm has expanded its activities beyond the city, to districts like Pinecrest, which still has plots bigger than an acre. Another developer, Masoud Shojaee, head of the Shoma Group, says there is little room left for sideways expansion, except west of the city. Shojaee says that inside the city, rising demand would have to be met by building higher.
More instability in Latin America could cause prices to burst in Florida
One of the thousands of eager investors is 27-year-old María Paula Jiménez from Colombia. She tells América Economía her recent purchase of an apartment in E11 Even Residences Beyond for $1.13 million was "a good opportunity to invest in central Miami" and very likely to give returns. The complex includes both residences and a range of business facilities including a hotel.
Miami's purchasers include individuals, banks and firms, according to the Downtown Development Authority, a municipal agency. It is currently the country's second foreign banking center and sometimes dubbed the southern Wall Street for the volume of investments flowing in from Latin America and the Caribbean.
Is this a replay of 2008?
Alicia Cervera, a managing partner of Cervera Real Estate and a DDA director, says the arrival of firms and their staff is further fueling demand for homes and offices. She says average commercial rent prices are at historic highs and new clients generally seek bigger surfaces.
Will the instability in Latin America that has fueled a boom in purchases also cause a price bubble in Florida? Chilean-born Verónica Cortés thinks this won't be the case. Cortés says the property crash of 2008 was because too many people had bought one or more properties entirely on credit. This is not the case now, and she insists property could ensure returns of between 10 and 12%. But Professor Horenstein is more cautious, terming real estate an inherently risky investment that could never guarantee returns.
Yet properties fly off realtors' lists and buyers are willing to assume all risks relating to an overpriced market. Geraldo, the Peruvian executive now living in Weston, says, "We struggled to find a home and that's because the market is very hot. There is a lot of demand and limited supply... It's a very tough market."
"It ended up being expensive," he continues, but "in any case, I'd consider staying here permanently because the quality of life is impressive and education is first class."
All Greek To Them: How Three Colombians Found Athens In Italy ... ›
High And Dry: Architecture In the Age Of Climate Change ... ›
Pink Cocaine: New Mystery Drug Hits Buenos Aires Club Scene ... ›
Why More Countries Are Banning Foreigners From Buying Real Estate - Worldcrunch ›
How Miami became the capital of affluent Latin America - BBC News ›
Miami -- The Operational Financial Center For A Growing Latin ... ›
Miami properties: The wealthy Latin Americans shaking up Miami's ... ›
Alidad Vassigh
AMERICA ECONOMIA
America Economia is Latin America's leading business magazine, founded in 1986 by Elias Selman and Nils Strandberg. Headquartered in Santiago, Chile, it features a region-wide monthly edition and regularly updated articles online, as well as country-specific editions in Chile, Brazil, Ecuador and Mexico.
View article in original language
English edition • Worldcrunch
Major Russian Advance, Pakistan Mosque Toll Rising, Bear On Mars
Rescue teams are scrambling to extract people trapped in the rubble after a suicide bombing struck a mosque in the city of Peshawar in Pakistan. The death toll of the attack, one of Pakistan's bloodiest in years, has risen to 92
PPI/ZUMA
Emma Albright, Ginevra Falciani and Anne-Sophie Goninet
👋 Konta!*
Welcome to Tuesday, where Russian forces reportedly advance in southeastern Ukraine, the death toll in yesterday's mosque attack in Pakistan rises to 92 and NASA snaps a beary odd photo on the red planet. Meanwhile, Aytug Özçolak in independent online Turkish news site Diken looks at the economic evidence of the chumminess between Russia's Putin and Turkey's Erdogan.
[*Papiamento, Dutch Caribbean]
• Russian force advances in major assault in Ukraine: A large Russian force has advanced in a major new assault on a Ukrainian-held bastion in southeastern Ukraine. Russian officials have claimed the advance had secured a foothold in the coal-mining town of Vuhledar. Kyiv has acknowledged heavy fighting there but says it has repelled the push so far and inflicted heavy losses on the Russians.
• China claims COVID wave is ending as economy rebounds: China's wave of COVID-19 is "coming to an end", health officials have claimed following the lunar new year holiday period ending with no new surge in infections. The Chinese government released figures on Tuesday showing a major rise in tourism and hospitality activity compared to the same time last year as part of what the International Monetary Fund says is part of a broader economic rebound that would bold well for the global economy.
• Pakistan death toll rises in mosque blast: The death toll has risen to 92 after a suicide bombing Monday at a mosque in the city of Peshawar, Pakistan. Rescue operations continue, with nine people pulled alive from the rubble so far.
• Bolsonaro seeks U.S. tourist visa: Former Brazil President Jair Bolsonaro has applied for a six-month tourist visa to remain in the United States despite calls for any U.S. visas held by Bolsonaro to be revoked after recent violent protests in Brazil. The former President will remain in the U.S. while his application is pending.
• U.S. stops granting export licenses for China's Huawei: The Biden administration has stopped approving licenses for U.S. companies to export most items to China's technology company Huawei. Though it had faced U.S. export restrictions over the past several years, the U.S. Department of Commerce had granted licenses for some American firms to sell certain goods to the company, which is now expected to cease.
• France hit with second strike: A second nationwide strike has disrupted French electricity production, public transport and schools as workers protested against the government's plans to raise the retirement age.
• A bear on Mars: A camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter snapped a photo of a formation in the shape of the face of a bear. Two beady eyes are formed by two craters and a hill with a "V-shaped collapse structure" resembles a snout while a "circular fracture pattern" outlines the head.
Peruvian daily El Comercio reports on Peru's Congress resuming debate Tuesday on a bill to move forward elections after lawmakers failed to reach an agreement. The move aims at ending the ongoing anti-government protests which have left at least dozens dead and resolve Peru's political crisis that started when president Pedro Castillo was arrested and removed from office last December. The daily also features a photograph of the country's army and national police which have freed the Panamericana Sur highway, ending an 11-day blockade.
💬 LEXICON
бункерного деда
A leak of the source code repository of Yandex Search, Russia's largest search engine, has revealed that the company censors results for pictures and videos that feature Russian President Vladimir Putin and Z symbols alongside unflattering terms or expressions, independent Russian news website Meduza reports. One of the mostly widely censored monikers for Putin is "bunker grandfather" (бункерный дед, "bunkernogo dieda"), a reference to the now-70-year-old leader's hunkering down during the past 11 months of war.
It's a golden era for Russia-Turkey relations — just look at the numbers
On the diplomatic and political level, no world leader speaks more regularly with Vladimir Putin than his Turkish counterpart Recep Tayyip Erdoğan. But the growing closeness of Russia and Turkey can also be measured in the economic data. And the 2022 numbers are stunning, reports Aytug Özçolak in independent online Turkish news site Diken.
🇷🇺🇹🇷 Ankara has committed billions of dollars to buy the Russian S-400 surface-to-air missile system, and contracted with Russia to build Turkey's first nuclear power plant. The countries' foreign policies are also becoming increasingly aligned. But the depth of this relationship goes much further. Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan speaks to Russian President Vladimir Putin more than any other leader: 16 times in 2022, and 11 times in 2021.
⛴💰 But no less important is the way the two countries are increasingly tied together by commerce. In 2015, China was the number one source of exports to Turkey, having shipped $24.8 billion of goods to Turkey that year, followed by Germany at $21.3 billion and Russia at $20.3 billion. This ranking remained unchanged for the next three years, until Russia took a narrow lead in 2018 and 2019. China returned to the top in 2020 and 2021, but in 2022, Russia took first place by a long shot: $54.3 billion.
🏠 Finally, let's check the real estate market. Previously, people from Middle Eastern countries were the top buyers of housing in Turkey — in particular Iraq, Saudi Arabia and Iran. But that changed in 2022, when there were more than twice as many Russian buyers as Iranians. Russians bought three times as many properties in Turkey in 2022 compared to the previous year. After taking first or second place for years, Iraqis are now in third place while Iranians, among the top five since 2015, are sitting in second, behind Russia.
The number of endangered rhinos poached in Namibia reached an all-time high last year, with 87 animals (61 black and 26 white rhinos) compared with 45 in 2021 — a 93% increase. Most of the rhinos were found in Etosha, Namibia's largest park.
• How Putin Has Been Quietly Cleansing All Things Ukrainian From Russia — VAZHNYYE ISTORII/IMPORTANT STORIES
• NFTs Are Not Dead — They May Be Coming Soon To A Theater Near You — LES ECHOS
• In Northern Kenya, Where Climate Change Is Measured In Starving Children — UNDARK
✍ Newsletter by Emma Albright, Ginevra Falciani, Anne-Sophie Goninet and Bertrand Hauger
turkish russian relations
mcdonalds in russia
This Happened—January 31st: McDonald's In The USSR
In Northern Kenya, Where Climate Change Is Measured In Starving Children
NFTs Are Not Dead — They May Be Coming Soon To A Theater Near You


text:
Q: How to accessing WCF APIs in Silverlight? i created an WCF API in my silverlight web project using Silverlight enabled WCF Services with name API.
I added operation contract logic in this :
[OperationContract]
 public int AddNums(int a, int b)
 {
    return (a + b);
 }

Now i added a Service Reference named "APIRef" in SilverLight Client project.
Now i know one way to access it using http://localhost:2250/API.svc
and it show some information regarding the API etc
But i want that a remote device can access the AddNums(a,b) method
How can i access this....please give guide
Thanks

A: You should have a stub class on client side after adding the service reference.
You need to include it and call the method e.g.
APIRefClient.AddNums(x,y);

The important thing is, to take the ***Client class


text:
Q: A class with a pointer pointing to another class as a member variable and pushing it into vector using namespace std;
class B {
public:
    B() :m_i(0), m_Name("") {};
    B(const int num, const string& name) :m_i(num), m_Name(name) {};
    void showInfo() {
        cout << this->m_i << ", " << this->m_Name << endl;
    }
    friend class A;
private:
    int m_i;
    string m_Name;
};

class A {
public:
    A(const int num, const string& name) :m_i(num), m_Name(name), ptr(nullptr) {};
    A(const A& orig) {
        m_i = orig.m_i;
        m_Name = orig.m_Name;
        ptr = new B;
        ptr = orig.ptr;
    }
    void showInfo() {
        cout << this->m_i << " " << this->m_Name << endl;
        if (ptr) {
            cout << ptr->m_i << " " << ptr->m_Name << endl;
        }
    }
    ~A() {
        delete ptr;
    }
    friend class C;
private:
    int m_i;
    string m_Name;
    B* ptr;
};
class C {
public:
    void function() {
        A instanceA1(10, "Hello");
        A instanceA2(11, "Hello");
        A instanceA3(12, "Hello");
        {//another scope
            B* instanceB1 = new B(10, "Bye");
            instanceA1.ptr = instanceB1;
            B* instanceB2 = new B(11, "Bye");
            instanceA2.ptr = instanceB2;
            B* instanceB3 = new B(12, "Bye");
            instanceA3.ptr = instanceB3;
        }
        DB.push_back(instanceA1);
        DB.push_back(instanceA2);
        DB.push_back(instanceA3);

        DB[0].showInfo();
        DB[1].showInfo();
        DB[2].showInfo();
    };
private:
    vector<A> DB;
};

int main(void) {
    C console;
    console.function();
}

I had to build a copy constructor of A since there is a pointer as a member variable and as far as I know push_back() only does a 'shallow copy' of an object.
However, although my desired output is
10 Hello
10 Bye
11 Hello
11 Bye
12 Hello
12 Bye
it prints nothing.
And if I delete delete ptr; in A's destructor, it prints what I wanted but I'm pretty
sure there is a memory leak.
What did I do wrong here?

A: Here's your copy constructor:
A(const A& orig) {
    m_i = orig.m_i;
    m_Name = orig.m_Name;
    ptr = new B;
    ptr = orig.ptr;
}

You assign ptr to a new B but then you turn around and trash it so it points to the original B. I don't think that's what you want. How about this:
    ptr = new B(*orig.ptr);

Does that help?


text:
Assessment of the Role of Authoritarianism in Fomenting Extremism in the Arab World
Posted byDivergent Options
Hari Prasad is an independent researcher on Middle East/South Asian Politics and Security. He holds a MA in International Affairs from George Washington University. Divergent Options' content does not contain information of any official nature nor does the content represent the official position of any government, any organization, or any group.
Title: Assessment of the Role of Authoritarianism in Fomenting Extremism in the Arab World
Date Originally Published: March 19, 2018.
Summary: Many Countering Violent Extremism (CVE) works have focused on the role of individual and enabling factors in the rise of extremism, yet it is important to not overlook larger structural factors. In particular, authoritarianism in the Arab world has proven to help foment conditions that can help encourage the rise of extremism, or discredit counter extremism efforts.
Text: In recent years with the rise of extremist groups like the Islamic State, the concept of CVE has gained traction in policy and academic circles. A lot of emphasis has been put on the individual and community level with ideas such as examining the effects of discrimination, mental illness, and extremist ideology on influencing individuals to join violent extremist organizations. However, it is also important to have an understanding of how larger structural issues, such as regime type, might allow for an environment that fosters extremism. Using examples from throughout the Arab World, this assessment paper will show how authoritarianism contributes to extremism by encouraging divisions in society, undermining religious messaging, normalizing extremist rhetoric, denying outlets for political expression, and even facilitating the rise of extremist groups.
First and foremost, many Arab regimes fail to counteract sectarianism in the region. Instead of resolving ethnic, sectarian, or other tensions, the regimes exploit them. As Syrian opposition intellectual Yassin al-Haj Saleh has observed, sectarianism played an important role in consolidating Syrian President Bashar al-Assad and his regime's power[1]. Encouraging divisions in society causes the various sects to suspect one another, and 'otherise' them. This 'otherising' continues sectarian tension and demonization, something that becomes operationalized to deadly effect during times of upheaval. Authoritarian regimes also try to position themselves, especially to minority groups, as the sole protectors from radical groups. This protector role provides some blackmailing towards minorities to support the regime or else, while also playing into the narratives of extremist groups that majority groups like Arabs and Sunnis are discriminated against by the regime[2].
Especially in combatting religious extremism, authoritarian Arab regimes can easily undermine religious messaging. Often Arab regimes attempt to hold influence or control their respective official religious establishments to monitor the content as well as prevent criticism of the regime itself[3]. Although this has been used to also try to counteract extremist messaging, the fact that many religious establishments rarely stray from the regime narrative undermines counter-extremist messaging. As official religious establishments primarily propagate a pro-regime narrative, they will be accurately perceived as simply another mouthpiece for the authoritarian regime. Rather than serving as an important pulpit for counteracting extremist messages, the delegitimization of these religious institutions instead inadvertently encourage followers to seek out alternative narratives.
Along with this regime undermining of religious messaging, religion also is a valuable tool for regimes to turn to in times of crisis. Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein enacted his 'faith campaign' while dealing with the harsh sanctions regime. This campaign led to the rise of new Islamic institutions and organizations, including institutions that the Islamic State's leader, Abu Bakr al Baghdadi, attended[4]. In Egypt, despite overthrowing the democratically elected Islamist Mohammad Morsi, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi has also turned to Islam to help prop up his rule[5]. Regime manipulation of religion only further delegitimizes traditional religious leaders, while also normalizing religious language in denigrating their opponents. Indeed, one of Egypt's former Muftis went as far as to engage in similar takfirist (to declare a Muslim an apostate) justifications against Sisi's opponents that the Islamic State and other extremist groups have engaged in[6]. Although it can be debated whether these initiatives are carried out to co-opt leaders or out of the personal faith of the leaders, these initiatives instead help normalize extremist rhetoric rather than counteracting it.
Many authoritarian regimes in the Arab World also limit political freedoms and outlets for political expression and change. Indeed, scholars like Mohammad Hafez have demonstrated the role that repression and political exclusion has played in the rise of Islamic extremist movements around the world[7], especially in the Arab World. Rather than serving as islands of stability, authoritarian regimes remain fragile and encourage resentment. As there are few outlets to express one's political opinions, and many 'opposition' parties are co-opted by the regimes, this encourages the rise of groups that lay outside of the realm of formal politics.
Finally, authoritarian regimes can directly facilitate the rise of extremist groups. It is no secret that since the 9/11 attacks, many Westerners have preferred the 'secular' dictators instead of an 'Islamist.' These secular dictators have used the specter of Islamism to justify crackdowns and repression against all opposition. While playing into the other factors that encourage victims to seek alternative ways of confronting the state, this has also proven useful for states that lack international legitimacy. It is well-known that to support its narrative that it was simply fighting terrorists, the Assad regime released extremists and other unsavory characters from its prisons during the initial uprising in Syria[8]. As the initial protests turned to an uprising, these former prisoners formed organizations that helped paint the groups opposing Assad as extremist. Groups like the Islamic State even temporarily received support from the Assad regime in its fight against the Free Syrian Army and other Syrian opposition groups. Of course these are temporary alliances, but it demonstrates how authoritarian regimes will tactically allow extremist groups to form for the sake of their own survival.
Without reforming or changing these authoritarian structures in the Arab World, CVE efforts will only have a limited effect. Of course, the demise of authoritarianism will not necessarily lead to an extremist free region. After all, it is the newly democratic Tunisia that has become a large contributor for fighters for the Islamic State. Nor will authoritarian reform lead to the erasure of extremist ideologies. Yet, changing these authoritarian structures will provide a political opening that will allow better combatting of extremist ideology, while also providing a less repressive life for those that live in the region. Authoritarian reform should not be mistaken as purely a humanitarian effort. It is no secret that Western support for authoritarian regimes has been a common grievance for many extremist groups in the Middle East. Mohammad Hafez in his keynote remarks to the RESOLVE Network in 2016 noted that the choice between repressive states or extremists, or rather "between barrel bombs and beheadings" is a false one, and one that the regimes themselves try to create[9]. Extremism in the region will never be fully addressed until policymakers understand the structural factors within authoritarian regimes that drive this behavior.
[1] Saleh, Y. A. (2017). The Impossible Revolution: Making Sense of the Syrian Tragedy. Chicago, IL: Haymarket Books.
[2] Shabi, R. (2014, April 10). Battling Perceptions: Minorities in the Arab World. Retrieved December 29, 2017, from http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/04/battling-perceptions-minorities–20144965348535478.html
[3] Brown, N. (2017, May 11). Official Islam in the Arab World: The Contest for Religious Authority. Retrieved December 29, 2017, from http://carnegieendowment.org/2017/05/11/official-islam-in-arab-world-contest-for-religious-authority-pub-69929
[4] McCants, W. (2015, September 1). The Believer: How Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi Became Leader of the Islamic State. Retrieved December 29, 2017, from http://csweb.brookings.edu/content/research/essays/2015/thebeliever.html
[5] Springborg, R. (2014, May 24). Sisi's Secret Islamism. Retrieved December 29, 2017, from https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/middle-east/2014-05-26/sisis-secret-islamism
[6] Elmasry, M. (2015, June 27). Ali Gumah: Sisi's Most Loyal Islamic Scholar. Retrieved December 29, 2017, from http://www.middleeasteye.net/columns/ali-gumah-sisi-s-most-loyal-islamic-scholar-1205811558
[7] Hafez, M. M. (2005). Why Muslims Rebel: Repression and Resistance in the Islamic World. Boulder: Lynne Rienner .
[8] Gutman, R. (2016, December 01). Assad Henchman: Here's How We Built ISIS. Retrieved December 29, 2017, from https://www.thedailybeast.com/assad-henchman-heres-how-we-built-isis
[9] 2016 RESOLVE Forum Flashback: Keynote Speaker Dr. Mohammed Hafez. (2017, September 15). Retrieved December 29, 2017, from http://www.resolvenet.org/news/2016-resolve-forum-flashback-keynote-speaker-dr-mohammed-hafez
Assessment Papers Government Hari Prasad Violent Extremism
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text:
-able
(Latin: a suffix; expressing capacity, fitness to do that which can be handled or managed, suitable skills to accomplish something; capable of being done, something which can be finished, etc.)
A suffix that forms adjectives. The suffix -ible has related meanings; expressing ability, capacity, fitness; capable of, fit for, able to be done, can be done, inclined to, tending to, given to.
This list is only a small sample of the thousands of -able words that exist in English.
ascertainable (adjective), more ascertainable, most ascertainable
1. Capable of being discovered through examination or experimentation.
2. A reference to something that can be found out definitely, learned with assurance, and determined.
ascribable (adjective)
Capable of being ascribed or a reference to a supposed cause, source, or author.
assailable (adjective), more assailable, most assailable
Pertaining to something that cannot be defended or which is incapable of being defended: No matter how much the military tried to set up a proper defense, their assailable positions could not protect them from attacks by their enemies.
assessable (adjective), more assessable, most assessable
Capable of being considered carefully or determined: The costs for repairing the damage done by the hurricane to Jim's house was only assessable after the insurance company had been on the site to examine it.
assignable (adjective), more assignable, most assignable
assimilable (adjective), more assimilable, most assimilable
1. Capable of becoming alike, or similar in viewpoints or understanding.
2. A reference to being absorbable and incorporated into body tissues.
attainable (adjective), more attainable, most attainable
attemptable (adjective)
attestable (adjective), more attestable, most attestable
1. A reference to that which can be authenticated, affirmed to be true, genuine, or correct, in an official capacity.
2. Relating to anything that can establish or verify the usage of something: This entry word was not attestable until about 1500 A.D.
3. Pertaining to the possibility of providing evidence for; standing as proof of; showing by one's behavior, attitude, or external attributes: The blemishes on Mary's skin were attestable to poison ivy.
attractable (adjective)
attributable (adjective) (not comparable)
A description of something that can indicate or explain the cause of or the reason for that which has taken place: It is obvious that the attributable success of the writer's latest publication is a result of not only her talent but also of her hard work and determination.
Glenda's avoidance of socializing with other people is probably an attributable factor resulting from her lack of self confidence.
available (adjective), more available, most available
1. Pertaining to something that is easy or possible to get or to use: "Bert always makes sure that there are available supplies for his family; especially, during the winter."
2. Descriptive of something or someone being present or ready for use: "The welfare organization indicated that it had a list of available workers who could work to complete the project for the homeless people in the city."
avoidable (adjective), more avoidable, most avoidable
1. Referring to staying away from someone or something: Sam was trying to find an avoidable way to stay away from the heavy traffic while he was driving to work.
2. Characterized by preventing the occurrence of something bad, unpleasant, etc.: Erin thought there must be an avoidable process to complete the project without so much confusion.
Brent was told that the financial investment would be an avoidable risk.
avouchable (adjective), more avouchable, mostavouchable
Conveying that which is capable of being verified: Tom's check for $50 was avouchable because his bank account was covered so Edward could cash it without any problem.
avowable (adjective), more avowable, most avowable
Relating to something that is openly expressed and free from doubt: Mark's avowable statements clarified his political position at the conference.


text:
Table 1-63: Annual Person-Hours of Highway Traffic Delay Per Person
Urban area
Percent change Short-term 1994-2000
Percent change Long-term 1982-2000
Percenta
Medium Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY 1 R1 R4 R3 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R5 R6 6 50 32 500 29
Medium Albuquerque, NM R2 R5 R8 R8 R10 R11 R15 R17 R21 R23 R25 R26 21 40 42 950 5
Small Anchorage, AK 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 0 69 0 74
Large Atlanta, GA R6 R10 R11 R10 R12 R17 R23 R26 R30 R31 R33 R29 33 43 39 450 33
Medium Austin, TX R4 R8 R9 R11 R10 R12 R14 R18 R21 R25 R21 R26 28 100 10 600 21
Small Bakersfield, CA 1 1 R2 R2 R3 R2 R2 R3 R3 R3 R3 R3 4 100 10 300 45
Large Baltimore, MD R4 R6 R15 R15 R13 R14 R16 R17 R18 R19 R18 R18 20 25 58 400 38
Small Beaumont, TX R2 R3 R3 R3 R3 R4 R3 R3 R3 R4 R6 R6 6 100 10 200 60
Medium Birmingham, AL 3 4 5 5 5 6 8 10 11 11 13 13 14 75 19 367 43
Very large Boston, MA R9 R12 R18 R18 R19 R21 R23 R23 R23 R25 R25 R27 28 22 59 211 59
Small Boulder, CO 1 2 2 R2 R2 R3 R3 R3 R3 R4 R4 R4 5 67 23 400 38
Small Brownsville, TX 1 1 R1 R1 R1 R1 2 2 2 2 R2 R2 3 50 32 200 60
Large Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY R1 R1 R2 R2 R2 R2 R2 R2 R2 R3 R3 R4 5 150 6 400 38
Small Charleston, SC 5 6 10 10 11 10 9 9 9 10 11 12 12 33 51 140 68
Medium Charlotte, NC R4 R7 R11 R12 R14 R13 R12 R12 R14 R17 R18 R19 22 83 17 450 33
Very large Chicago, IL-Northwestern, IN R7 R11 R18 R19 R19 R20 R18 R21 R28 R26 R28 R28 27 50 32 286 48
Large Cincinnati, OH-KY R2 R3 R7 R7 R8 R9 R12 R12 R14 R17 R17 R18 20 67 23 900 6
Large Cleveland, OH R1 R1 R3 R3 R4 R5 R6 R9 R10 R12 R9 R9 8 33 51 700 17
Small Colorado Springs, CO 1 R2 R2 R2 R3 R4 R4 R6 R6 R8 R10 R12 13 225 3 1,200 3
Large Columbus, OH R2 R2 R8 R8 R10 R11 R14 R15 R17 R19 R19 R20 17 21 60 750 16
Small Corpus Christi, TX R2 R2 R2 R3 R3 R2 R2 R2 R2 R2 R2 R3 3 50 32 50 73
Very large Dallas -Fort Worth, TX R6 R13 R18 R19 R22 R25 R23 R26 R25 R24 R29 R40 37 61 29 517 28
Large Denver, CO R7 R8 R12 R13 R15 R18 R19 R23 R26 R29 R32 R32 35 84 16 400 38
Very large Detroit, MI R7 R7 R20 R21 R28 R34 R28 R26 R26 R27 R27 R26 25 -11 73 257 54
Medium El Paso, TX-NM R1 R1 R2 R3 R4 R4 R5 R5 R4 R5 R5 R8 10 100 10 900 6
Small Eugene-Springfield, OR 1 R1 2 2 R2 R3 R2 R3 R3 R3 R4 R5 7 250 2 600 21
Small Fort Myers - Cape Coral, FL 1 2 3 4 4 5 5 6 6 7 7 7 7 40 42 600 21
Medium Fresno, CA R3 R3 R7 R7 R7 R5 R5 R5 R6 R7 R8 R10 11 120 8 267 51
Large Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach, FL R3 R4 R8 R10 R12 R14 R12 R14 R16 R18 R18 R23 28 133 7 833 12
Medium Hartford-Middletown, CT R3 R6 R7 R8 R8 R6 R5 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 11 120 8 267 51
Medium Honolulu, HI R5 R7 R15 R15 R16 R15 R15 R15 R15 R13 R14 R15 11 -27 75 120 70
Very large Houston, TX R19 R33 R24 R18 R19 R24 R27 R27 R30 R36 R34 R40 36 33 51 89 71
Large Indianapolis, IN R2 R2 R4 R5 R7 R13 R17 R19 R22 R24 R19 R19 20 18 64 900 6
Medium Jacksonville, FL R3 R4 R9 R10 R13 R13 R14 R18 R17 R18 R15 R15 15 7 68 400 38
Large Kansas City, MO-KS R1 R2 R3 R3 R4 R6 R7 R6 R8 R8 R9 R11 9 29 56 800 13
Small Laredo, TX 1 1 1 R1 R1 R1 R1 R2 R2 R3 R3 R3 3 200 4 200 60
Large Las Vegas, NV R3 R5 R12 R13 R11 R11 R13 R13 R14 R16 R16 R17 18 38 45 500 29
Very large Los Angeles, CA R22 R27 R63 R61 R60 R58 R52 R55 R61 R59 R63 R62 62 19 62 182 64
Medium Louisville, KY-IN R4 R5 R5 R7 R9 R12 R14 R13 R17 R19 R20 R21 21 50 32 425 37
Medium Memphis, TN-AR-MS R1 R2 R5 R6 R7 R7 R9 R11 R11 R13 R14 R14 16 78 18 1,500 2
Large Miami-Hialeah, FL R9 R11 R21 R21 R29 R28 R29 R27 R27 R30 R28 R29 33 14 67 267 51
Large Milwaukee, WI R2 R3 R5 R6 R7 R9 R9 R11 R12 R12 R13 R14 15 67 23 650 19
Large Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN R1 R4 R8 R9 R11 R14 R15 R16 R17 R23 R23 R27 26 73 20 2,500 1
Medium Nashville, TN R6 R7 R9 R8 R7 R10 R12 R14 R15 R18 R16 R19 20 67 23 233 57
Large New Orleans, LA R4 R5 R6 R8 R7 R7 R12 R11 R11 R11 R11 R11 10 -17 74 150 66
Very large New York, NY-Northeastern, NJ R6 R7 R18 R13 R13 R14 R16 R18 R19 R21 R22 R23 23 44 38 283 49
Large Norfolk - Newport News- Virginia Beach, VA R5 R7 R9 R8 R9 R8 R10 R11 R12 R12 R14 R15 12 20 61 140 68
Large Oklahoma City, OK R1 R2 R2 R3 R3 R3 R3 R4 R5 R6 R6 R7 6 100 10 500 29
Medium Omaha, NE-IA R2 R3 R5 R5 R6 R6 R8 R8 R9 R10 R10 R11 11 38 46 450 33
Large Orlando, FL R5 R9 R11 R16 R17 R19 R19 R19 R21 R24 R27 R26 31 63 28 520 27
Small Pensacola, FL 1 2 6 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 10 11 38 46 1,000 4
Very large Philadelphia, PA-NJ R5 R6 R9 R11 R11 R10 R11 R12 R13 R13 R15 R16 15 36 50 200 60
Large Phoenix, AZ R7 R8 R14 R17 R18 R18 R18 R16 R20 R23 R20 R26 28 56 31 300 45
Large Pittsburgh, PA R4 R5 R7 R7 R6 R6 R6 R8 R7 R8 R8 R9 7 17 66 75 72
Large Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA R3 R3 R8 R9 R11 R14 R14 R18 R19 R19 R20 R21 23 64 27 667 18
Medium Providence-Pawtucket, RI-MA R2 R4 R8 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 R14 R11 R14 R17 19 90 15 850 11
Medium Richmond, VA 1 2 4 4 4 5 7 10 10 10 12 12 10 43 40 900 6
Medium Rochester, NY R0 R1 R2 R1 R2 R2 R2 R3 R3 R3 R3 R4 3 50 32 NM 75
Large Sacramento, CA R5 R7 R14 R14 R13 R13 R16 R14 R17 R15 R15 R16 19 19 63 280 50
Small Salem, OR 1 1 R3 R4 R4 R5 R5 R4 R6 R6 R7 R6 7 40 42 600 21
Medium Salt Lake City, UT R1 R2 R4 R5 R6 R7 R9 R10 R8 R7 R8 R8 9 0 69 800 13
Large San Antonio, TX R3 R7 R6 R6 R7 R6 R5 R10 R10 R10 R13 R18 20 300 1 567 26
Large San Bernardino-Riverside, CA R4 R7 R19 R22 R23 R22 R19 R20 R22 R23 R27 R26 30 58 30 650 19
Large San Diego, CA R4 R7 R17 R14 R15 R14 R14 R14 R15 R18 R17 R21 24 71 21 500 29
Very large San Francisco-Oakland, CA R12 R24 R37 R28 R26 R28 R24 R30 R31 R28 R32 R34 41 71 22 242 56
Large San Jose, CA R10 R21 R43 R35 R26 R25 R24 R26 R25 R23 R26 R31 33 38 46 230 58
Large Seattle-Everett, WA R8 R14 R24 R30 R32 R29 R29 R30 R34 R36 R35 R37 34 17 65 325 44
Small Spokane, WA 2 3 R3 R4 R3 R5 R5 R4 R4 R5 R5 R5 5 0 69 150 66
Large St. Louis, MO-IL R5 R7 R9 R8 R10 R13 R15 R16 R16 R18 R18 R19 20 33 51 300 45
Medium Tacoma, WA R2 R3 R9 R9 R9 R10 R11 R11 R11 R12 R12 R15 14 27 57 600 21
Large Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL R8 R9 R14 R17 R18 R20 R23 R23 R22 R21 R21 R22 21 -9 72 163 65
Medium Tucson, AZ R2 R2 R5 R6 R6 R7 R8 R8 R8 R11 R12 R12 11 38 46 450 33
Medium Tulsa, OK 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 5 6 6 9 200 4 800 13
Large West Palm Beach - Boca Raton-Delray Beach, FL 2 2 7 8 11 10 14 14 16 15 18 20 20 43 40 900 6
Very large Washington, DC-MD-VA R10 R14 R22 R23 R25 R27 R27 R29 R32 R31 R36 R37 35 30 55 250 55
75 Area Average R7 R10 R19 R18 R19 R20 R20 R21 R23 R24 R25 R26 27 36 278
Very Large Area Average R10 R14 R28 R26 R27 R27 R26 R28 R31 R31 R33 R35 35 32 237
Large Area Average R4 R6 R12 R12 R13 R14 R15 R16 R18 R19 R20 R21 22 44 423
Medium Area Average R2 R4 R6 R7 R8 R8 R9 R11 R11 R12 R12 R14 14 55 469
Small Area Average 2 2 4 4 R4 R4 R4 R4 R5 R5 R6 R6 7 62 289
KEY: NM = not meaningful; R = revised.
Very large urban areas - over 3 million population.
Large urban areas - over 1 million and less than 3 million population.
Medium urban areas - over 500,000 and less than 1 million population.
Small urban areas - less than 500,000 population.
a Percent change was calculated using the numbers in this table and were not obtained from the source mentioned below. Rank is based on the calculated percent change with the highest number corresponding to a rank of 1.
The cities shown represent the 50 largest metropolitan areas, as well as others chosen by the states sponsoring the Texas Transportation Institute study on mobility.
1982 - 2000: Texas Transportation Institute, The 2002 Annual Urban Mobility Report (College Station, TX: 2002) from Internet site http://mobility.tamu.edu as of Aug. 1, 2002.


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KINGSTON, January 4, 2013: Mr. Ian Forbes, Managing Director of Sherwin-Williams (West Indies), is the new Chairman of the board of United Way of Jamaica. He succeeds Mr. Noel daCosta, CD who was Chairman for 5 years. The announcement was made on December 20, at the annual general meeting.
Mr. Forbes who had served for five years as Chairman of United Way's Campaign Cabinet, lauded the outgoing chairman, "for having certainly served with great distinction.
Mr. Forbes joined the Board of United Way of Jamaica in 2003 and in 2009 he became Chairman of the Fundraising Campaign Cabinet. Under his leadership,the Fund-raising Campaign Cabinet mobilized in excess of $384 Million for the private voluntary sector.
In accepting his appointment, Mr. Forbes paused to remember the influence of his parents, the late Carmen Forbes, who was a Scout Mistress and his father Headley Forbes who served scouting for the last 74 years and with over 40 years as Scout Commissioner for Clarendon. His father has also served the St. John Ambulance organization for over 60 years. Mr. Forbes thanked them "for instilling in my siblings and myself from an early age, the importance of service and volunteerism".
A Jamaica College graduate, Forbes was also educated at Mico University College, University of the West Indies – Mona and University of Technology. He has over 25 years of experience in Sales & Marketing having worked at Grace Kennedy & Company Ltd., Jamaica Biscuit Company and Facey Commodity Limited.
Mr. Forbes is an active member of several clubs and societies. He is Past Vice-President of the Advertisers' Association of Jamaica (AAJ) and was recently elected as 2nd Vice President of Jamaica Athletics Administrative Association in November 2012. A certified International Association of Athletic Federation (IAAF) Track & Field Official, he has managed several Jamaican Track & Field Teams to overseas meets. He is also a member of Kingston Cricket Club.
Mr. Forbes is married to Lana and has two (2) daughters, Kimberley and Melissa.


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Sunderland celebrates the tenth anniversary of its Friendship Agreement with Harbin this year, and the Deputy and Deputy Mayor are joining international students at the Five Universities New Year Gala this week as part of the regional celebrations for Chinese New Year.
SUNDERLAND CELEBRATES THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY of its Friendship Agreement with one of China's biggest cities - Harbin - this year.
Over the last decade the two cities have forged ever closer ties, with delegations from the respective communities regular visitors to each partner city and strong educational links.
The latest event highlighting these closer ties with Sunderland and the wider region, is the Five Universities New Year Gala being held at The Sage in Gateshead on 12 February to help mark celebrations for Chinese New Year.
The highest percentage of International, overseas students studying at the University of Sunderland are from China, and it is the Sunderland Chinese Students and Scholars Association which has invited the Deputy Mayor of Sunderland, Councillor David Snowdon, to represent the city at the regional event.
The annual gala helps celebrate Chinese New Year, the contribution of Chinese students to their respective Universities and local communities, and the support and welcome received from their regional UK hosts.
There are approximately 500 students currently studying at the University of Sunderland on a range of courses from Business Management, Accounting & Finance, and Marketing Management to International Tourism & Hospitality Management and Human Resource Management.
The Deputy Mayor of Sunderland, Councillor David Snowdon said: "I am delighted to have been invited to represent our city and our Chinese students who contribute so much to life in our communities at this celebratory event.
"Developing closer educational and economic ties with China is vital to our country's future development, and Sunderland's Friendship Agreement with Harbin is really important to us as a city.
"Sunderland is proud to provide a home to so many students from China while they study here, and I hope they return to their friends and family with fond memories of their time in our city."
Chair of the Sunderland Chinese Students and Scholars Association Miss Jiang Yuxin added: "Sunderland and the North East of England is a home-away-from home, but when students come to study in the UK they really appreciate anything which reminds them of their homes in China.
"Celebrating Chinese New Year together is a really enjoyable way to bring Chinese students from across the North East together, and celebrate their culture at this time of year.
"It is a fantastic celebration of Chinese Culture, with a variety of vibrant and colourful performances, bringing the unique traditions to the region."
Most recently as part of the Friendship Agreement with Harbin, the Leader of Sunderland City Council, Councillor Graeme Miller was invited to represent the city at the China-Harbin International Sister City Conference.
Here he addressed representatives from many of Harbin's 36 'sister cities' from 28 countries, on Sunderland's experience of building strong, long-lasting international partnerships and the mutual social and economic benefits they can bring.
During his visit Cllr Miller also met representatives from Harbin Municipal Government, Harbin Education Bureau and Harbin Economic Development Zone to discuss future plans for further co-operation and collaborative projects between the two cities.
The Leader of Sunderland City Council, Councillor Graeme Miller said: "We can all be proud of our city's Friendship Agreement with Harbin, a major city in a country with one of the world's fastest growing economies.
"The Agreement represents a strong and practical working relationship between our communities to explore mutually beneficial partnerships.


We like to take it easy here at RTL. We enjoy living full lives with dramas, routines and the occasional holiday. We communicate among ourselves everyday and I have to say, I really enjoy discussing everything under the sun from a lesbian and queer perspective.
Well, we have another great bunch of quality stories and poetry coming up for you in the next volume of Read These Lips. Some of our favourite contributors return, accompanied by writers we're pleased to feature for the first time. We love that RTL has enabled us to open the world to lesbian writings and we feel really lucky when writers approach us to share their stories.
We, and they, will see you in August for Take 5.


text:
A Synallaxis candei a madarak (Aves) osztályának verébalakúak (Passeriformes) rendjébe és a fazekasmadár-félék (Tyrannidae) családjába tartozó faj.

Rendszerezése
A fajt Alcide d'Orbigny és Frédéric de Lafresnaye írták le 1838-ban. Egyes szervezetek a Poecilurus nembe sorolták Poecilurus candei néven.

Alfajai
Synallaxis candei atrigularis (Todd, 1917)Synallaxis candei candei Orbigny & Lafresnaye, 1838
''Synallaxis candei venezuelensis Cory, 1913

Előfordulása
Dél-Amerika északi részén, Kolumbia és Venezuela területén honos. Természetes élőhelyei a szubtrópusi vagy trópusi lombhullató erdők, mangroveerdők és bokrosok, valamint ültetvények. Állandó, nem vonuló faj.

Megjelenése
Testhossza 17 centiméter, a testtömege 14-16 gramm.

Életmódja
A bokrok alatti talajon, gallyakon és ágakon keresgéli ízeltlábúakból álló táplálékát.

Természetvédelmi helyzete
Elterjedési területe nagyon nagy, egyedszáma pedig stabil. A Természetvédelmi Világszövetség Vörös listáján nem fenyegetett fajként szerepel.

Jegyzetek

Források

További információk
Képek az interneten a fajról

Synallaxis
Madárfajok
Kolumbia madarai
Venezuela madarai

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia