text:
Highlights in the History of
Jerusalem and the Temple Mount
Jewish /
Common Era
City of Jerusalem
c. 1760/
c. 2000 BCE Abraham Abraham visits Melchizedek, King of Salem and Priest of El Elyon ("God Most High") (Genesis 14:18-20, Hebrews 6:20-7:22)
c. 2000 BCE Abraham
Jacob/Israel
Joseph Abraham journeys three days from Beersheva or Garet to Mt. Moriah in Jerusalem to offer his son Isaac as a sacrifice in obedience to God's command. God provides a substitute. (Genesis 22, Hebrews 11:8-19) Mt. Moriah is the site of the Temple Mount.
c. 1400 BCE Joshua After setting up the Ark at Shiloh near Shechem (Nablus), Joshua launches foray into Jerusalem. (Joshua 10:23, 15:63)
c. 1000 BCE David David conquers Jebusite stronghold of Zion, builds city f David south of Temple Mount, reigns 33 years in Jerusalem after 7-year reign at Hebron. (2 Samuel 5:1-15) David returns Ark to Jerusalem and places it in Tabernacle of Moses erected there. (2 Samuel 6:1-18, 1 Chronicles 15:1-16:43). David plans First Temple, but not permitted to build it. (2 Samuel 7:1-17)
David purchases Threshing Floor of Araunah, site of First Temple and erects altar of sacrifice on Mt. Moriah. (2 Samuel 24:1-25 1 Chronicles 21:1-22:5)
c. 950 BCE Solomon Solomon builds Royal Palace and enlarges city, 13-year period. (I Kings 7:1-12) Solomon, with help of Hiram of Tyre and 183,600 workers, builds the First Temple and Royal Palace using local limestone, cedar from Lebanon and great amounts of gold and silver. (Temple built in seven years.) (1 Kings 5-9, 2 Chronicles 2)
c. 910 BCE Rehoboam
Jonah Kingdom divided, 10 northern tribes, 2 southern tribes. Pharaoh Shishak of Egypt plunders temple carrying off much gold and silver. (1 Kings 14:25-28, 2 Chronicles 12:1-11)
c. 835 BCE Joash
Hosea Joash, King of Judah Joash repairs temple, establishes maintenance fund, and brings period of revival and reforms to southern kingdom. (2 Kings 12:5ff).
c. 720 BCE Ahaz
Micah Ahaz, King of Judah Dismantles Solomon's bronze vessels and places private Syrian altar in the temple. (2 Kings 16:1-20, 2 Chronicles 28ff)
c. 716 BCE Hezekiah
Isaiah Hezekiah, King in Jerusalem, with help of God and the prophet Isaiah resists Assyrian attempt to capture Jerusalem. (2 Chronicles 32). Wells and springs stopped up. Restore. Temple and brings period of national reform and revival (2 Chronicles 29-31). Later strips gold to pay tribute to Sennacherib. (2 Kings 18-16)
c. 640 BCE Josiah
Habakkuk Josiah repairs the Temple and brings about national religious reforms. (2 Chronicles 34-35).
Sunday, 9th of Av, 587 BCE Jehoichin
Jeremiah Nebuchadnezzar lays siege to Jerusalem, burning the city, murdering inhabitants, and carrying a remnant into captivity. (2 Kings 24-25, 2 Chronicles 36, Josephus) Temple destroyed and sacred vessels carried off to Babylon. These vessels desecrated in Babylon by Belshazzar. (Daniel 5)
c. 573 BCE Ezekiel
Daniel Jeremiah prophesies a 70-year captivity in Babylon. (Jeremiah 29:1-14) Ezekiel receives a vision from God describing in detail the great Temple to be built during the reign of the Messiah in an age which is yet to come. (Ezekiel 40-48)
c. 541 BCE Zerubbabel
(Esther) First Jews return from Babylon in small numbers to rebuild the city and its walls. 70 years of exile terminated. (Daniel 9, Haggai 2:18-19) Second Temple built despite fierce opposition and delays, beginning with erection of an altar of sacrifice on Mt. Moriah. Temple completed after 15-year delay in 515 BCE.
c. 332 BCE Alexander the Great (Daniel 8:21-23, 11:2-4) Priests from Jerusalem meet invading army of Alexander and dissuade him from destroying Jerusalem by showing him Scriptures that predict his rise to power. After the death of Alexander a series of wars between Syria and Egypt subject the Holy Land to multiple distresses. (Daniel 9:24-27, 11:1-35; Zechariah 9:1-10; Josephus)
c. 3585-3597/
c. 175-163 BCE Antiochus Epiphanes IV The "little horn" of Daniel 8:9, a cruel Syrian (Selucid) king plunders Jerusalem, murdering many Jews. (Daniel 11:21-35) Antiochus desecrates the temple, offers a sow upon the altar and carries off temple treasuries. Worship and sacrifices halted, 15 December 167 BCE.
170 BCE Maccabees Godly Jews under Mattathias begin revolt culminating in repossession of Jerusalem. (1 Maccabees) Temple purified and worship and sacrifices restored in 165 BCE.
c. 141 BCE The Roman Akiva Fortress is conquered by the Maccabees, thus freeing the Temple from alien supervision.
c. 63 BCE Pompey Roman conquest of the Holy Land. (Daniel 2:40-43) Pompey brazenly enters Holy of Holies, disappointed to find it empty.
c. 40 BCE Herod the Great (d. 4 BCE) Cruel, despotic Roman ruler, an. Idumean, (who murdered the infants in Bethlehem). Building projects at Jericho, Hebron, and Caesarea to placate the Jews. Temple Mount vastly enlarged and leveled. Second Temple rebuilt and enlarged, 10,000 workers, 100 priests, 1000 wagons. Temple and courts rebuilt until 63 BCE. City and walls under construction 46 years.
c. 3 BCE
62 CE
Early Christian Era Highlights Located Below in Separate Section
9th of Av,70 CE Roman General Titus besieges Jerusalem destroying city and murdering inhabitants, terrible suffering and destruction. (Josephus) Temple set afire, soldiers tear every stone apart to get melted gold. Menorah and vessels carried to Rome. Treasury robbed.
c. 136 CE Hadrian Undertakes rebuilding of Jerusalem as "Aelia Capitolina" provoking unsuccessful Bar Kochba revolt in 135 by devout Jews. Hadrian erects Temple of Jupiter on Temple Mount and statue of himself facing east in front. Jewish attempt to build Third Temple fails.
c. 333 CE "Traveler of Bordeaux" visits Jerusalem and relates Jews praying on Temple Mount.
c. 330-640 CE Constantine Byzantine Period. Christianity made official religion of Roman Empire. Church of the Holy Sepulcher built. Persian conquest in 614 CE. 37,000 Christians exiled to Persia, Jews later banished from Jerusalem also. Byzantine Emperor Herodius recaptures Jerusalem, 629 CE. Temple Mount neglected, becomes refuse heap. Herodius proposes building near temple.
c. 362 CE Julian Authorizes Jews to rebuild Temple. Work stopped by fire or earthquake.
c. 400 CE Heronymus describes Jews mourning on Temple Mount.
c. 638 CE Moslem conquest.
c. 685-705 CE Abd el-Malik Extension of the city and rebuilding of walls and roads. Islamic tradition alleges that Caliph Omar clears rubbish from temple Mount and prays there in 638 CE. Old wooden El Aksa Mosque constructed, 700 CE, and Dome of the Rock by Abd el-Malik, 684-690 CE.
c. 420-4510/
c. 660-750 CE Umyyads
Abbasids Power struggles, revolts and persecutions of Jews and Christians causes Jerusalem to deteriorate.
c. 746 CE Earthquake destroys El Aksa Mosque.
c. 868 CE Ahmed ibn Tulun Palestine annexed to Egypt. 831 CE Caliph al-Mamun orders restoration work on the Dome of the Rock.
c. 940 CE Fatimid Caliphs role from Egypt, 969 CE, El-Hakem orders destruction of churches and synagogues, 1010 CE. Karaite scribe Salomon ben Yerucham writes of synagogues within Temple Mount courtyard.
c. 1016 CE Earthquake causes structural damage on Temple Mount.
c. 4790/c. 1030 CE Rabbi Shlomo ben Yehuda describes Jewish custom of encircling Temple Mount.
c. 1099-1187 CE Crusaders Violent conquest of Holy Land in the name of Christianity. Many Jews and Moslems murdered. Jews sold into slavery and banished from Jerusalem. Dome of the Rock reconsecrated as "Temple Domini" and El Aksa as "Temple Salomon is."
1033 CE Earthquake damages El Aksa Mosque.
1100 CE Rabbi Avraham bar Chaya writes of synagogues on Temple Mount.
1165 CE Maimonides visits Jerusalem and prays on Temple Mount.
1187 CE Saladin Jerusalem recaptured for Islam. Crusaders defeated. Dome of the Rock and El Aksa restored to Islam. Icons removed. 1190, walls overlaid with marble inscriptions added in Arabic.
c. 1229 CE Frederick II Al-Malik Al-Kamil of Egypt cedes Jerusalem to Frederick II.
c. 1244-1517 CE Rule by Tartars, Mongols, Ayybids and Mamelukes. Moslem control of the holy places 1270-1290 CE. Moslem restoration work on Dome. Brass doors added in 1467. Persian tiles added by Suleiman. Lead sheathing to Dome, 1735 CE. Mosaic removed 1835, 1874 CE.
c. 1517 CE Ottoman Period Turkish rule
5206/c. 1546 CE Earthquake causes serious damage in Jerusalem.
c. 1832-1840 CE Turkish conquest by Selim I. Suleiman the Magnificent builds walls and improves the city and aqueducts. Jews tolerated, but heavily taxed and property confiscated. Egyptian governorship under Mohamed Ali and Ibrahim Pasha. (1831 CE)
1855 CE First acknowledged non-Moslem visitor permitted to enter Temple Mount since 1187 CE.
1866 CE Jews become majority in Jerusalem.
December 1917 CE British capture of Jerusalem from the Turks. Temple Mount first opened to Europeans.
1921-1947 CE Rule under British Mandate. UN participation in November 1947. Deterioration of British rule. Waves of immigration by Jews under very adverse conditions.
1927 CE Earthquake weakens El Aksa Mosque foundations.
June 1948 CE Rebirth of the State of Israel. December 1949 Jerusalem made capital city. Knesset built.
1951 CE July 20, King Abdullah assassinated at entrance to El Aksa Mosque.
1955-1965 CE Jerusalem divided. Jordanian rule over old city. Dome foundations strengthened by Jordanians, 1955-1965 CE. Electric lights added.
June 1967 CE Jerusalem reunited in 6-day war. Israeli flag flies temporarily over Temple Mount. Control and stewardship of Temple Mount returned to Moslems. Fire in 1968 destroys pulpit and Mihrab in El Aksa.
Spring 1982 CE Union of Third Temple Groups, "To the Mountain of the Lord," "The Faithful of the Temple Mount," and the "Jerusalem Temple Foundation." Planning for the Third Temple.
Early Christian Era Highlights
c. 3 BCE Jesus
Anna Herod the Great crowned king, 40 BCE. Jesus presented at the temple and dedicated to God by his parents, doves offered in sacrifice. (Luke 2:21-24)
c. 8 CE Jesus
John the Baptist Jesus at age 12 talks to priests and teachers in the Second Temple while his parents are in Jerusalem for Passover. Family home at Nazareth (Luke 2:41-50)
c. 30-33 CE Jesus Pilate, 26-36 CE
Herod Antipas, exiled 39 CE
Herod Agrippa, died 44 CE Jesus tempted by the devil on the pinnacle of the temple, (Luke 4:1-12). Jesus casts out money changers from the temple early in his ministry (John 2:13-16), and again three years later. During his final week of life before the resurrection, he taught in the temple courts and confronted the crowds and Pharisees there. Jesus predicts destruction of the Second Temple. (Matthew 21ff, Mark 11, Luke 19, John 12)
c. 33-35 CE Peter
John Jesus leaves his disciples 40 days after the resurrection, ascending from the Mount of Olives. (Acts 1:1-6, John 20-21, 1 Corinthians 15:1-8) Followers of Jesus gathered in Temple Courts 10 days later on Pentecost Sunday, experience coming of the Spirit of God to give birth to the Church of Jesus Christ. Peter preaches to the crowds and many are healed. (Acts 1ff)
c. 33-35 CE Stephen Martyrdom of Stephen on the Temple Mount, Saul of Tarsus consenting. (Acts 6-7).
c. 62 CE James the Just
John (d. 100 CE) Christians driven from Jerusalem by persecution. James, brother of Jesus and leader of the Church in Jerusalem, martyred by being thrown from the pinnacle of the Temple Mount.
Based upon document prepared by:
Lambert Dolphin, for the Jerusalem Temple Foundation.
A Brief History of the Jewish Temple
by Randall Price
For the Full Story and all the details please visit Templemount.org
The history of the Jewish Temple begins and ends in prophecy. The Sanctuary (a term inclusive of God's dwelling in all its forms) was proleptically revealed to Abraham in its sacrificial service and permanent location on Mount Moriah (Gen. 22:2, 14). Enlarging the Abrahamic revelation in similar terms, Moses receives prophetic instructions at the time of the Exodus for Israel's relationship to the Sanctuary (Ex. 15:17). Later on Mount Sinai, he receives the heavenly blueprint for the Sanctuary and its vessels (Ex. 25:8-9, 40). This verse is important in that it shows that the divine ideal for the Sanctuary is God's manifest Presence on earth among His people (vs. 8; cf. its Millennial expression - Zech. 2:10-12), and that the same celestial pattern (vss. 9, 40) was used for both the Tabernacle and the Temple (cf. 1 Chron. 28:11-19; cf. Rev. 15:5). The Tabernacle is distinguished from the Temple in that it was a portable and temporary dwelling place for God's Presence (Ex. 40:36-38; cf. 2 Sam. 7:6) whereas the Temple was to be a permanent and eternal habitation (2 Chron. 7:16; Ezek. 37:26-28). In token of their mutually prophetic purpose, when the First Temple was built, the Tabernacle/Tent of Meeting was apparently included within it (1 Kgs. 8:4; 2 Chron. 5:5).
It is King David who, meditating on the divine ideal (cf. Psa. 132) is moved to begin the process of building the First Temple (2 Sam. 7:2; 1 Chron. 17:1). However, since the Temple was designed to regulate the universal peace brought by God's Presence on earth during the Millennium (David only understands the restricted concept, cf. 2 Sam. 7:1), it could only be completed by one who was a fitting representative of God's peaceful program (1 Kgs. 3:3-14; 5:3). Yet David was in prophetic succession to those to whom God had previously revealed the Temple's program. This is seen in God's reminding David of the Abrahamic promise (2 Sam. 7:10), and repeating to him the Mosaic revelation (1 Chron. 28:11, 19). On this basis (as a founder, not a builder), David was qualified to make financial and material preparations for the Temple (1 Chron. 29). Solomon ("His peace") however, was to construct the Temple based on the terms of his father's covenant (2 Sam. 7:12-13;1 Kgs. 5:5; 6:12-13). In his prayer of dedication (1 Kgs. 8) is revealed both the Temple's divine ideal as the place of God's Presence (vss. 27-34) and its universal (Millennial) function (vss. 41-43, 56-60).
The Davidic Covenant which provided for a permanent Temple in Jerusalem was nonetheless conditioned upon the Nation's obedience. This meant that throughout Israel's future history the Temple could be removed and returned as often as Israel was fickle or faithful to the covenant. As history unfolded, the First Temple was destroyed in 586 B.C. as a direct result of covenantal violations. The downward slide began already in the time of Solomon (1 Kgs. 11:1-13) and culminated with king Manasseh (2 Kgs. 21:7-14), and were especially prolonged with respect to violations of the Sabbath (2 Chron. 36:21).
Restoration began with the return and rebuilding of the Second Temple under Zerubbabel in 515 B.C. (Ezra 1-6), but because of continued covenant violations (cf. Ezra 9; Neh. 13; Mal. 1-4) the Millennial restoration envisioned by the Prophets (cf. Ezek. 40-48) was postponed (cf. Hag. 2:1-9). Half a millennia later, perhaps a decade before Jesus was born in Judea, the Second Temple was in such severe need of repairs that the reigning king Herod the Great refurbished it completely, even expanding its size. Although newly restored, it was still subject to the old terms of the covenantal contract, and with the Nation's rejection of Jesus as Messiah the Temple was again doomed to desolation. All of Jesus pronouncements of the Temple's destruction (Matt. 24:2/Mk. 13:2; Lk. 21:6, 20-24) must be viewed in this light, and not as a rejection or replacement of the Temple as a legitimate institution. In fact joined immediately to Jesus' own pronouncement of the Temple's desolation (Matt. 21:38) is His promise (in the word "until") of Israel (and the Temple's) restoration (Matt. 23:39). This and Jesus' positive statements concerning the Temple elsewhere (Matt. 12: 4; 17:24-27; 23:16-21; Jn. 2:16-17) and especially in His Olivet Discourse (Matt. 24:15; Mk. 13:14) hold out the prophetic promise that the history of the Temple would be continued in the future.
Flavius Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews; Jewish Wars; Mina C. Klein & H. Arthur Klein, Temple Beyond Time: The Story of the Site of Solomon's Temple (New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1970 [general Jewish perspective], Joan Comay, The Temple of Jerusalem (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1975) [general Jewish perspective], Benjamin Mazar, The Mountain of the Lord (New York: Doubleday & Co., Inc., 1975) [Conservative Jewish perspective], Rabbi Shaul Schaffer & Asher Joseph. Engl. ed. Rabbi Asher Feuchtwanger, Israel's Temple Mount: The Jews' Magnificent Sanctuary (Jerusalem: Achva Press, 1975) [Orthodox Jewish perspective], Meir Ben-Dov, In the Shadow of the Temple: The Discovery of Ancient Jerusalem. Trans. Ina Friedman (San Francisco: Harper & Row, Publishers, 1982) [secular Jewish perspective], Menahem Haran, Temples and Temple Service in Ancient Israel (Winona Lake, Indiana: Eisenbrauns, 1985) [Jewish, higher critical, perspective], Rabbi Leibel Reznick, The Holy Temple Revisited (New Jersey: Jason Aronson Inc., 1993) [Orthodox Jewish perspective], Alfred Edersheim, The Temple: Its Ministry and Services [updated edition] (Massachusetts: Hendrickson Publishers, Inc., 1994) [Evangelical, Jewish-Christian perspective].


I know I told a couple of you that I was going to make homemade pretzels. Sorry, my brown sugar is gone and so hopefully this week sometime I'll do it. If not, for sure next week. I'll also post the recipe here too- it's really simple. Well, it seems that I blog a lot about food. Huh, I guess it's just an avenue for my creativity. I would love more fabric, crystals, card stock, stamps and spray paint. But as it is, we will always need food! So I'm able to have fun in the kitchen and spread the love Internet style.
I needed to make cookies for Trav's lunches and I'm always trying to come up with fun little desserts. So, voila! This is the best of both worlds. This is obviously so simple a child could do it. (hint, hint for all you mommies and aunties- fun project for a rainy day!) Right now they're in my freezer hardening up. I think we'll add them to tomorrow's dinner plan. Enjoy!


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Craft Brewer Cuts Costs by Installing Rooftop, Carport Solar
The solar system's total size is 270 kilowatts and is estimated to reduce energy consumption by 30 to 40 percent.
Anca Gagiuc
Golden Road Brewing solar panels. Image courtesy of Revel Energy
Golden Road Brewing, a California-based craft beer brewer, has partnered with Revel Energy to install rooftop and carport commercial grade solar at its location near Angel Stadium in Anaheim. The firm is part of the Anheuser-Busch family, which recently signed a 15-year, 222-megawatt PPA with Recurrent Energy to brew its entire beer portfolio with 100 percent renewable energy by 2021.
Almost 80 percent of the firm's 30,000-square-foot rooftop in Anaheim has already been covered in solar panels. In addition, a 20-stall carport with commercial solar was added to increase Golden Road's power generation. The system's total size is 270 kilowatts—141 kilowatts for the rooftop and 129 kilowatts for the carport—with a generating capacity of 385,000 kilowatt-hours. The system is estimated to reduce energy consumption by 30 to 40 percent. Revel Energy customized and installed and will manage the solar systems.
According to a company release, California's electricity rates rise by more than six percent annually. In 2018, craft beer production registered a 3.9 percent rise. The increase in production coupled with more expensive electricity costs triggered Golden Road to search for alternative ways to reduce costs, hence the partnership with Revel Energy.
Revel Energy
Newport Beach Marriott Trades for $216M

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Next I think I might try to make a Portuguese Man O War Jelly Fish....Since they are all over the beach today....what do you think?????
Wish I was there also! Love the shell.
Your seashell is marvelous! You are so creative and talented.


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"We will shut it down or let Republicans keep it open with their own votes," Rep. Luis Gutiérrez told Dreamers on Friday. | Jose Luis Magana/AP
Dems threaten December shutdown if Dreamers aren't protected
By HEATHER CAYGLE and ELANA SCHOR
House Democrats are prepared to threaten a government shutdown in December unless Congress adopts protections for Dreamers, a senior member of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus said Friday.
Hours after Rep. Luis Gutiérrez (D-Ill.) voted for a three-month government funding deal that he had lambasted his party's leaders for striking with President Donald Trump, he suggested that top Democrats are prepared to take a stronger stand once that deal expires. Gutiérrez said Democratic leaders ceded leverage they could have used to help undocumented immigrants who came to the country as children.
"We will shut it down or let Republicans keep it open with their own votes," Gutiérrez told Dreamers and immigration activists gathered on Capitol Hill on Friday. He and every other House Democrat had just voted for the funding package that also includes aid for Hurricane Harvey victims.
"The vast majority of members in the Democratic Caucus are ready to say, if there is no pathway forward" for Dreamers, "then there is no government for anyone," Gutiérrez said.
But House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi (D-Calif.) is still laser focused on securing protections for Dreamers this month, her spokesman told POLITICO.
"We cannot leave this session of Congress without passing the DREAM Act," Pelosi spokesman Drew Hammill said, referencing a bipartisan bill that offers Dreamers a pathway to citizenship. "The Leader believes we can do this in September and it's her top priority. Ninety Republicans refusing to vote for emergency Hurricane aid today gives us leverage and we plan to use it."
The disaster relief package lawmakers sent to the president Friday raises the debt limit and funds the government through Dec. 8, setting up another nasty fiscal fight just before the holidays. Democrats, who typically supply the necessary votes in such battles and therefore have significant leverage, plan to use the showdown to pressure Republicans to support a legislative fix for Dreamers if needed.
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The White House announced the end of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals, or DACA, program earlier this week, with a six-month delay to give lawmakers time to find a legislative solution.
Gutiérrez has been the most outspoken opponent of the deal Democratic leaders struck with Trump — saying Democrats gave up any leverage they had to get a legislative fix for Dreamers this month — but several other Democrats were privately fuming about the plan earlier this week.
Still, after a lengthy conversation with Pelosi on the floor Friday, he and every other Democrat supported the legislation. Gutiérrez later said his talk with Pelosi signaled to him that she would be open to withholding Democratic votes in December if the issue isn't resolved.
But the idea of flirting with a possible government shutdown — or at least forcing Republicans to come up with a majority of the votes — to push for action on DACA isn't new.
House Minority Whip Steny Hoyer (D-Md.) suggested at a private party caucus meeting earlier this week that Democrats withhold their votes for a short-term spending bill later this month unless Republicans would signal they were ready to deal on DACA. He received a standing ovation.
Hours later, Pelosi and Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-N.Y.) announced they'd struck a deal with Trump to keep the government funded until Dec. 8.
Trump gets cozy with Democrats, and Republicans say 'I told you so'
By ELIANA JOHNSON, BURGESS EVERETT and HEATHER CAYGLE
Pelosi later said Trump indicated to her that he'd be willing to sign some version of the DREAM Act, though he would also want some border tightening provisions as part of a deal.
Rep. Raul Grijalva (D-Ariz.), another of the party's biggest proponents of the DREAM legislation, also indicated as much on Friday: The bill is unlikely to make it to Trump's desk without addressing border security and other Republican priorities.
Assuming that "there's some enforcement attached" to a bill helping Dreamers, Grijalva said, "right now I could comfortably tell you I couldn't support that. But at that crucible point, we're talking about humanity versus [a trade-off] — it'll be a different point."
Gutiérrez and others are also looking to other options to win passage of the DREAM Act before government funding expires in December. Hoyer and Congressional Hispanic Caucus Chairwoman Michelle Lujan Grisham (D-N.M.) kicked off one effort Thursday night, relying on a complicated parliamentary procedure that could — if successful — force a vote on the bill in the coming weeks.
But the move, known as a discharge petition, requires a majority of lawmakers to sign on first, meaning at least 24 Republicans would have to buck their leaders and back the Democratic-led effort. While not entirely impossible, discharge petitions are rarely successful for this reason.
Meanwhile, Senate Democratic leaders are signaling openness to negotiations with the GOP about a legislative framework that could secure a bipartisan vote on helping Dreamers.
"I think what you'll find — I know what you'll find — is that starting next week there is going to be a more specific conversation," Senate Minority Whip Dick Durbin (D-Ill.), a chief author of the DREAM Act, said Thursday. "We're going to get into some ideas."
Luis Gutierrez
Congressional Hispanic Caucus
Donald Trump Presidency


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A look into student summer hobbies
By Seoyoung Hwang and Niyatee Jain
As summer ends, students discuss their favorite hobbies done over the break.
The Sunflower Spread: Gupta calls this spread her favorite as it is one of the first spreads she ever did. Photo courtesy of Aarushi Gupta)
Aarushi Gupta
Aarushi Gupta, a junior, said in a Zoom interview that one of her favorite ways to keep organized is by creating her own bullet journal. A bullet journal is similar to a planner, though the layout, or "spread", is up to its owner.
"My sister introduced me to bullet journaling back in sixth grade," Gupta said. "After watching YouTube videos of people creating their monthly spreads I was really interested in being able to customize my own layouts to plan out my days."
Gupta said that she loves to use materials such as the Crayola Super Tips, Sakura Pigma Micron Pens, and washi tape and stickers to decorate.
She also has an Instagram account for bullet journaling which she started to learn more about the community.
"I wanted to seek more inspiration from the smaller group [on Instagram] than I was getting on YouTube," Gupta said. "I started the account to connect with others, to share my own work, and hope to inspire some other people who are just starting out."
When asked about some tips for beginners to start bullet journaling, Gupta recommends doing some research first.
"Follow a couple of YouTube tutorials to see what you want to keep track of, or what exactly you want to do with your bullet journals," Gupta said. There's a lot of freedom [in bullet journaling], so just see what you like and don't like and then start from there."
Tiffany Yu
Junior Tiffany Yu expresses her love for shoes with her hobby of customizing and repairing Dr. Martens boots and Oxfords for buyers on Depop, a shopping app. The buyers would have the option to either request an original style of boot or something with her hand-painted designs.
"I started my hobby because I needed something to earn money on the side that allowed me to work on my own time," Yu said. "I was also very into Dr. Martens shoes at the time because I liked the aesthetics and knew about the popularity of the brand."
Yu said that there are some frustrating parts in her involving shipping that makes it hard for her to deal with.
"Once or twice, I made a mistake in shipping and swapped two shipping labels," Yu said. "It is quite a hassle to find lost packages or replace a product for a customer. Packages can get lost or stolen very easily, and it's happened to me at least five times."
Although there are some troubles with her hobby, Yu finds it rewarding, especially when she uploads the photo of the shoes and sets up the stock, allowing the customers to browse a clean and attractive shop.
"My favorite moments are always when I show off the final product of a hand-painted boot and get to observe the customer's delighted reaction," Yu said.
Mahima Maru
During the pandemic, authors took the time to release new books for their followers and junior Mahima Maru said she used her summer to do some catch-up.
"I really like reading young adult fiction and fantasy novels." Maru said. "I also like realistic fiction because I can relate to it, especially if they're in high school.
When asked about any recommendations, she mentioned that the "Shatter Me" series by Taheref Mafi is one of her favorites.
"This book [series] is one of my favorites because it is a look into the future," Maru said. "The world is divided and it's quite shocking to learn about such a different point of view. It also has a great romance and the author incorporates a lot of humor throughout."
Though an avid book-lover, Maru said that the only thing she doesn't like about books are their book to movie or TV adaptations.
"Definitely my least favorite [book to movie adaptation] would be 'To All the Boys I've Loved Before'." Maru said. "I think, if you make a TV series out of it it's okay. If you make a movie, you just are not able to capture every single detail properly because you can't make a 10 hour long movie."
Overall, Maru said that some of the benefits of reading are a better vocabulary and to be able to experience scenarios from a fictional character's point of view.
"Ever since fourth grade, because I read so many books, I feel like I have a better vocabulary." Maru said. "I think reading books is an escape, it's really fun. People don't think it's fun, but it's fun to live through a book character when you're not able to experience these things by yourself."
Seoyoung Hwang, Senior Design Editor
Seoyoung is a junior as well as the senior design editor. She is very excited to work with the Epitaph this year and create work with cool designs. Outside...
Niyatee Jain, Reporter
Niyatee is a junior and it is her first year on the Epitaph. Outside of school, Niyatee enjoys baking, reading, and immersing herself into pop culture....
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Daniel is the co-founder and CEO of Gazelles Growth Institute — the leading online executive education company for C level executives at fast growing firms —as well as co-founder of management coaching company Inflection (Gazelles Mexico), a management coaching company focused on helping business executives and entrepreneurs grow their companies.
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text:
Klezmer musicians and Yiddish singer offer Hanukkah concert in Rego Park
By It's in Queens
rmackay@queensny.org
It's a night of lively, festive music and applesauce.
Members of the Klezmer ensemble Tsibele and internationally acclaimed Yiddish vocalist Rachel Weston will offer a distinct Hanukkah Concert at the Rego Park Jewish Center on Sunday, Dec. 29, at 2:30 p.m.
Tsibele, which is actually the Hebrew word for "onion," is unapologetically Jewish, LGBT proud and political. Their songs explore the limits of Klezmer music, incorporating Moldovan/Bessarabian music, revolutionary lyrics and a healthy dose of improvisation. Based in Brooklyn, the band explores themes such as capitalism, tyranny, heteropatriarchy, and of course, love. And when not on stage, members are involved in various social justice causes.
You know, onions make people cry, but they also enhance the taste of many dishes. They have so many levels.
On this night, two Tsibele members — violinist Zoë Aqua and accordion player Ira Temple – will play positive, traditional Klezmer as Weston sings. With a postgraduate degree in Performance and Ethnomusicology, the London-based Weston is a professional Yiddish singer and workshop leader who also does research on the genre.
Tickets cost $18.
After the show, the hosts will serve latkes with applesauce. As the Rego Park Jewish Center is a conservative synagogue, there will be a ceremonial lighting of the eighth Hanukkah candle as well.
Located at 97-30 Queens Blvd., the venue has a large performance space, where the concert will take place. There's on-street parking, and the 63 Drive/Rego Park subway station for the R and M lines is a few blocks away.
Klezmer is a mix of the words "kli" or instrument and "zemer" or melody. Although around for centuries, it first came to prominence in Jewish communities in what is now Poland during the 18th century. Often played at celebrations such as weddings, it was part of a Yiddish-language culture that included theater, poetry and literature. Over time, the genre spread throughout Europe and the United States, often incorporating instruments and styles from other cultures.
Also known as the Festival of Lights, Hanukkah is an annual, eight-day remembrance of the rededication of the second Jewish temple in Jerusalem in the second century. On each night, a candle is lit in a special menorah. In 2019, Hanukkah is set for Dec. 22 until Dec. 30.
Images: Tsibele
Rachel Weston
Rego Park Jewish Center
Tsibele


text:
Erichsen Whitney posted an update 1 month ago
Since producing their initial timepiece in 1924, the title Seiko was synonymous with excellent craftsmanship, and Seiko watches are well known worldwide for their outstanding design, elite performance, and legacy of style.
Initially founded in 1881 by Kintaro Hattori, a watch and jewelry store proprietor in the Ginza area of Tokyo, the business initially started producing wallclocks from 1892 under the name Seikosha: Seiko is Japanese for"achievement","mini" or"exquisite" and Sha means"home". Over the next few decades, Seikosha grew and began producing pocket watches and wristwatches, and in 1913 debuted the Laurel, the initial timepiece ever produced in Japan. The quartz watch phenomenon allowed Seiko to expand quickly. Generation reached about 21 million in 2001. The company became known as the pioneer in timekeeping accuracy, and Seiko products were often used to time major sporting events including The World Cup, and the Olympic Games.
Because their early beginnings as one of the world's premiere watchmakers, Seiko has set many precedents, such as sponsoring Japan's first TV commercial in 1953, serving as the Official Timer of 1964 Tokyo Olympic Games and producing the very first TV watch in 1982, to name a few.
Seiko is also known for using technology that is innovative. From the first days in the Seiko history, Kintaro recognized the significance of having in-house components and movement production in order to stay ahead of competitions. With the building of its original balance wheel in 1910 and the first dial in 1913, Seiko has sinced developed a unique line of quartz and mechanical watches including the Seiko automatic Chronometer series, the Bell-Matic, using a mechanical alert, the luxury Credo, King Seiko, along with also the Grand Seiko lines. Seiko's Kinetic watches account for the vast majority of the organization's watch revenue because it combines the self-energizing attribute of an automatic watch with quartz precision, and recharges itself completely by the energy and motion of the wearer. By today Seiko has 6 separate Kinetic moves including the Seiko Kinetic Auto Relay. It's an energy saving feature whereby it hibernates when not used and wakes up again up to 4 years later to the suitable moment. The latest technological advancement from Seiko is the Seiko Spring Drive released in 1999. Spring Drive is a mechanical watch with the precision of a quartz watch. The mainspring in the Spring Drive forces a rotor whose electrical output signal induces a quartz crystal to emit a reference signal that regulates the rate at which the mainspring unwinds. It has a power reserve of 72 hours, among the longest amongst all watches.
With innovation at the core of its company, Seiko is bounded to be at the forefront of new watch technology.
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text:
Phoneweek > VR&AR > Video shows moment woman allegedly kidnapped four children who were walking to school
Video shows moment woman allegedly kidnapped four children who were walking to school
Chilling video has captured the moment a woman allegedly kidnapped four young children as they were walking to school in Detroit, Michigan, before they were rescued by police officers by chance when their captor ran a red light.
Doorbell footage shows a white van speeding along and coming to a sudden halt by the side of a road, before shouting can be heard in the audio.
A tree blocks the full view of four siblings aged 11, eight, seven and five as they are allegedly abducted by 37-year-old Stephanie Marie Binder.
The terrifying ordeal unfolded around 7.30am on 30 November as the children – an 11-year-old boy, an eight-year-old girl, a seven-year-old girl, and a five-year-old – walked to school together.
Wayne County Prosecutor's Office said Ms Binder was driving a stolen vehicle and kidnapped the four children from the side of the road.
Stephanie Binder is pictured in her mugshot following her arrest for kidnapping
(Detroit Police Department)
The suspect had the children in her car when she was pulled over by Detroit police officers along Grand River Avenue and Evergreen Avenue for running a red light.
Authorities said that, when the officers approached the vehicle and saw the children in the back seat, they began to think something wasn't right.
Police Chief James White said in a press conference that the officers asked Ms Binder if the children were hers to which she replied yes "but the children were shaking their head no".
Ms Binder was arrested and charged with four counts of kidnapping – child enticement, four counts of unlawful imprisonment, one count of unlawfully driving away of an automobile, and one count of receiving and concealing stolen property – a motor vehicle.
Ms Binder is not related to the children, who have since been safely returned to their family.
She was arraigned on Friday where her bond was set at $5m.
ALSO READ Minister defends not implementing Covid 'plan B', saying deaths 'very low'


1. Put the onion in a stockpot with the oil and sauté over medium heat until pale gold. Add the carrot, celery and pork and sauté for about 10 minutes, stirring the vegetables and turning the pork occasionally. Add the chopped tomatoes and their juice, turn the heat down to medium-low and cook for 10 minutes.
2. If you are using fresh cranberry beans, shell the beans, rinse them in cold water and add to the pot. Stir 2 or 3 times, then add the broth. Cover the pot, adjust the heat so that the liquid is bubbling at a very moderate boil, but a bit more than a simmer, and cook 45 minutes to 1 hour, or until the beans are tender. (If you are using precooked beans, cook the tomatoes for 20 minutes instead of 10, then add the drained beans. Let the beans cook in the tomatoes for 5 minutes, stirring thoroughly, then add the broth and bring to a moderate boil).
3. Scoop up about ½ cup of the beans and mash them through a food mill back into the pot. Add salt and pepper. (If you are using canned broth, taste carefully for salt, as canned broth can be quite salty).
4. Check the soup for density. Add more broth or water if needed, and bring the liquid to a steady boil. Add the pasta. If you are using fresh egg pasta, stop cooking 1 minute after you've dropped it in. If you are using dried pasta, taste for doneness and stop cooking when pasta is very firm to the bite. Allow the soup to rest for 10 minutes and, just before serving, swirl in the grated cheese. The soup can be made ahead of time up to, but not including, step 4. Add the pasta only when you are going to serve the soup.


text:
// Copyright (c) 2006-2008 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "chrome/common/ipc_sync_channel.h"

#include "base/lazy_instance.h"
#include "base/logging.h"
#include "base/thread_local.h"
#include "base/message_loop.h"
#include "base/waitable_event.h"
#include "base/waitable_event_watcher.h"
#include "chrome/common/ipc_sync_message.h"

using base::TimeDelta;
using base::TimeTicks;
using base::WaitableEvent;

namespace IPC {
// When we're blocked in a Send(), we need to process incoming synchronous
// messages right away because it could be blocking our reply (either
// directly from the same object we're calling, or indirectly through one or
// more other channels).  That means that in SyncContext's OnMessageReceived,
// we need to process sync message right away if we're blocked.  However a
// simple check isn't sufficient, because the listener thread can be in the
// process of calling Send.
// To work around this, when SyncChannel filters a sync message, it sets
// an event that the listener thread waits on during its Send() call.  This
// allows us to dispatch incoming sync messages when blocked.  The race
// condition is handled because if Send is in the process of being called, it
// will check the event.  In case the listener thread isn't sending a message,
// we queue a task on the listener thread to dispatch the received messages.
// The messages are stored in this queue object that's shared among all
// SyncChannel objects on the same thread (since one object can receive a
// sync message while another one is blocked).

class SyncChannel::ReceivedSyncMsgQueue :
    public base::RefCountedThreadSafe<ReceivedSyncMsgQueue> {
 public:
  // Returns the ReceivedSyncMsgQueue instance for this thread, creating one
  // if necessary.  Call RemoveContext on the same thread when done.
  static ReceivedSyncMsgQueue* AddContext() {
    // We want one ReceivedSyncMsgQueue per listener thread (i.e. since multiple
    // SyncChannel objects can block the same thread).
    ReceivedSyncMsgQueue* rv = lazy_tls_ptr_.Pointer()->Get();
    if (!rv) {
      rv = new ReceivedSyncMsgQueue();
      ReceivedSyncMsgQueue::lazy_tls_ptr_.Pointer()->Set(rv);
    }
    rv->listener_count_++;
    return rv;
  }

  ~ReceivedSyncMsgQueue() {
  }

  // Called on IPC thread when a synchronous message or reply arrives.
  void QueueMessage(const Message& msg, SyncChannel::SyncContext* context) {
    bool was_task_pending;
    {
      AutoLock auto_lock(message_lock_);

      was_task_pending = task_pending_;
      task_pending_ = true;

      // We set the event in case the listener thread is blocked (or is about
      // to). In case it's not, the PostTask dispatches the messages.
      message_queue_.push_back(QueuedMessage(new Message(msg), context));
    }

    dispatch_event_.Signal();
    if (!was_task_pending) {
      listener_message_loop_->PostTask(FROM_HERE, NewRunnableMethod(
          this, &ReceivedSyncMsgQueue::DispatchMessagesTask));
    }
  }

  void QueueReply(const Message &msg, SyncChannel::SyncContext* context) {
    received_replies_.push_back(QueuedMessage(new Message(msg), context));
  }

  // Called on the listener's thread to process any queues synchronous
  // messages.
  void DispatchMessagesTask() {
    {
      AutoLock auto_lock(message_lock_);
      task_pending_ = false;
    }
    DispatchMessages();
  }

  void DispatchMessages() {
    while (true) {
      Message* message;
      scoped_refptr<SyncChannel::SyncContext> context;
      {
        AutoLock auto_lock(message_lock_);
        if (message_queue_.empty())
          break;

        message = message_queue_.front().message;
        context = message_queue_.front().context;
        message_queue_.pop_front();
      }

      context->OnDispatchMessage(*message);
      delete message;
    }
  }

  // SyncChannel calls this in its destructor.
  void RemoveContext(SyncContext* context) {
    AutoLock auto_lock(message_lock_);

    SyncMessageQueue::iterator iter = message_queue_.begin();
    while (iter != message_queue_.end()) {
      if (iter->context == context) {
        delete iter->message;
        iter = message_queue_.erase(iter);
      } else {
        iter++;
      }
    }

    if (--listener_count_ == 0) {
      DCHECK(lazy_tls_ptr_.Pointer()->Get());
      lazy_tls_ptr_.Pointer()->Set(NULL);
    }
  }

  WaitableEvent* dispatch_event() { return &dispatch_event_; }
  MessageLoop* listener_message_loop() { return listener_message_loop_; }

  // Holds a pointer to the per-thread ReceivedSyncMsgQueue object.
  static base::LazyInstance<base::ThreadLocalPointer<ReceivedSyncMsgQueue> >
      lazy_tls_ptr_;

  // Called on the ipc thread to check if we can unblock any current Send()
  // calls based on a queued reply.
  void DispatchReplies() {
    for (size_t i = 0; i < received_replies_.size(); ++i) {
      Message* message = received_replies_[i].message;
      if (received_replies_[i].context->TryToUnblockListener(message)) {
        delete message;
        received_replies_.erase(received_replies_.begin() + i);
        return;
      }
    }
  }

 private:
  // See the comment in SyncChannel::SyncChannel for why this event is created
  // as manual reset.
  ReceivedSyncMsgQueue() :
      dispatch_event_(true, false),
      listener_message_loop_(MessageLoop::current()),
      task_pending_(false),
      listener_count_(0) {
  }

  // Holds information about a queued synchronous message or reply.
  struct QueuedMessage {
    QueuedMessage(Message* m, SyncContext* c) : message(m), context(c) { }
    Message* message;
    scoped_refptr<SyncChannel::SyncContext> context;
  };

  typedef std::deque<QueuedMessage> SyncMessageQueue;
  SyncMessageQueue message_queue_;

  std::vector<QueuedMessage> received_replies_;

  // Set when we got a synchronous message that we must respond to as the
  // sender needs its reply before it can reply to our original synchronous
  // message.
  WaitableEvent dispatch_event_;
  MessageLoop* listener_message_loop_;
  Lock message_lock_;
  bool task_pending_;
  int listener_count_;
};

base::LazyInstance<base::ThreadLocalPointer<SyncChannel::ReceivedSyncMsgQueue> >
    SyncChannel::ReceivedSyncMsgQueue::lazy_tls_ptr_(base::LINKER_INITIALIZED);

SyncChannel::SyncContext::SyncContext(
    Channel::Listener* listener,
    MessageFilter* filter,
    MessageLoop* ipc_thread,
    WaitableEvent* shutdown_event)
    : ChannelProxy::Context(listener, filter, ipc_thread),
      received_sync_msgs_(ReceivedSyncMsgQueue::AddContext()),
      shutdown_event_(shutdown_event) {
}

SyncChannel::SyncContext::~SyncContext() {
  while (!deserializers_.empty())
    Pop();
}

// Adds information about an outgoing sync message to the context so that
// we know how to deserialize the reply.  Returns a handle that's set when
// the reply has arrived.
void SyncChannel::SyncContext::Push(SyncMessage* sync_msg) {
  // The event is created as manual reset because in between Signal and
  // OnObjectSignalled, another Send can happen which would stop the watcher
  // from being called.  The event would get watched later, when the nested
  // Send completes, so the event will need to remain set.
  PendingSyncMsg pending(SyncMessage::GetMessageId(*sync_msg),
                         sync_msg->GetReplyDeserializer(),
                         new WaitableEvent(true, false));
  AutoLock auto_lock(deserializers_lock_);
  deserializers_.push_back(pending);
}

bool SyncChannel::SyncContext::Pop() {
  bool result;
  {
    AutoLock auto_lock(deserializers_lock_);
    PendingSyncMsg msg = deserializers_.back();
    delete msg.deserializer;
    delete msg.done_event;
    msg.done_event = NULL;
    deserializers_.pop_back();
    result = msg.send_result;
  }

  // We got a reply to a synchronous Send() call that's blocking the listener
  // thread.  However, further down the call stack there could be another
  // blocking Send() call, whose reply we received after we made this last
  // Send() call.  So check if we have any queued replies available that
  // can now unblock the listener thread.
  ipc_message_loop()->PostTask(FROM_HERE, NewRunnableMethod(
      received_sync_msgs_.get(), &ReceivedSyncMsgQueue::DispatchReplies));

  return result;
}

WaitableEvent* SyncChannel::SyncContext::GetSendDoneEvent() {
  AutoLock auto_lock(deserializers_lock_);
  return deserializers_.back().done_event;
}

WaitableEvent* SyncChannel::SyncContext::GetDispatchEvent() {
  return received_sync_msgs_->dispatch_event();
}

void SyncChannel::SyncContext::DispatchMessages() {
  received_sync_msgs_->DispatchMessages();
}

bool SyncChannel::SyncContext::TryToUnblockListener(const Message* msg) {
  AutoLock auto_lock(deserializers_lock_);
  if (deserializers_.empty() ||
      !SyncMessage::IsMessageReplyTo(*msg, deserializers_.back().id)) {
    return false;
  }

  if (!msg->is_reply_error()) {
    deserializers_.back().send_result = deserializers_.back().deserializer->
        SerializeOutputParameters(*msg);
  }
  deserializers_.back().done_event->Signal();

  return true;
}

void SyncChannel::SyncContext::Clear() {
  CancelPendingSends();
  received_sync_msgs_->RemoveContext(this);

  Context::Clear();
}

void SyncChannel::SyncContext::OnMessageReceived(const Message& msg) {
  // Give the filters a chance at processing this message.
  if (TryFilters(msg))
    return;

  if (TryToUnblockListener(&msg))
    return;

  if (msg.should_unblock()) {
    received_sync_msgs_->QueueMessage(msg, this);
    return;
  }

  if (msg.is_reply()) {
    received_sync_msgs_->QueueReply(msg, this);
    return;
  }

  return Context::OnMessageReceivedNoFilter(msg);
}

void SyncChannel::SyncContext::OnChannelError() {
  CancelPendingSends();
  shutdown_watcher_.StopWatching();
  Context::OnChannelError();
}

void SyncChannel::SyncContext::OnChannelOpened() {
  shutdown_watcher_.StartWatching(shutdown_event_, this);
  Context::OnChannelOpened();
}

void SyncChannel::SyncContext::OnChannelClosed() {
  shutdown_watcher_.StopWatching();
  Context::OnChannelClosed();
}

void SyncChannel::SyncContext::OnSendTimeout(int message_id) {
  AutoLock auto_lock(deserializers_lock_);
  PendingSyncMessageQueue::iterator iter;
  for (iter = deserializers_.begin(); iter != deserializers_.end(); iter++) {
    if (iter->id == message_id) {
      iter->done_event->Signal();
      break;
    }
  }
}

void SyncChannel::SyncContext::CancelPendingSends() {
  AutoLock auto_lock(deserializers_lock_);
  PendingSyncMessageQueue::iterator iter;
  for (iter = deserializers_.begin(); iter != deserializers_.end(); iter++)
    iter->done_event->Signal();
}

void SyncChannel::SyncContext::OnWaitableEventSignaled(WaitableEvent* event) {
  DCHECK(event == shutdown_event_);
  // Process shut down before we can get a reply to a synchronous message.
  // Cancel pending Send calls, which will end up setting the send done event.
  CancelPendingSends();
}

SyncChannel::SyncChannel(
    const std::string& channel_id, Channel::Mode mode,
    Channel::Listener* listener, MessageFilter* filter,
    MessageLoop* ipc_message_loop, bool create_pipe_now,
    WaitableEvent* shutdown_event)
    : ChannelProxy(
          channel_id, mode, ipc_message_loop,
          new SyncContext(listener, filter, ipc_message_loop, shutdown_event),
          create_pipe_now),
      sync_messages_with_no_timeout_allowed_(true) {
  // Ideally we only want to watch this object when running a nested message
  // loop.  However, we don't know when it exits if there's another nested
  // message loop running under it or not, so we wouldn't know whether to
  // stop or keep watching.  So we always watch it, and create the event as
  // manual reset since the object watcher might otherwise reset the event
  // when we're doing a WaitMany.
  dispatch_watcher_.StartWatching(sync_context()->GetDispatchEvent(), this);
}

SyncChannel::~SyncChannel() {
}

bool SyncChannel::Send(Message* message) {
  return SendWithTimeout(message, base::kNoTimeout);
}

bool SyncChannel::SendWithTimeout(Message* message, int timeout_ms) {
  if (!message->is_sync()) {
    ChannelProxy::Send(message);
    return true;
  }

  // *this* might get deleted in WaitForReply.
  scoped_refptr<SyncContext> context(sync_context());
  if (context->shutdown_event()->IsSignaled()) {
    delete message;
    return false;
  }

  DCHECK(sync_messages_with_no_timeout_allowed_ ||
         timeout_ms != base::kNoTimeout);
  SyncMessage* sync_msg = static_cast<SyncMessage*>(message);
  context->Push(sync_msg);
  int message_id = SyncMessage::GetMessageId(*sync_msg);
  WaitableEvent* pump_messages_event = sync_msg->pump_messages_event();

  ChannelProxy::Send(message);

  if (timeout_ms != base::kNoTimeout) {
    // We use the sync message id so that when a message times out, we don't
    // confuse it with another send that is either above/below this Send in
    // the call stack.
    context->ipc_message_loop()->PostDelayedTask(FROM_HERE,
        NewRunnableMethod(context.get(),
            &SyncContext::OnSendTimeout, message_id), timeout_ms);
  }

  // Wait for reply, or for any other incoming synchronous messages.
  WaitForReply(pump_messages_event);

  return context->Pop();
}

void SyncChannel::WaitForReply(WaitableEvent* pump_messages_event) {
  while (true) {
    WaitableEvent* objects[] = {
      sync_context()->GetDispatchEvent(),
      sync_context()->GetSendDoneEvent(),
      pump_messages_event
    };

    unsigned count = pump_messages_event ? 3: 2;
    unsigned result = WaitableEvent::WaitMany(objects, count);
    if (result == 0 /* dispatch event */) {
      // We're waiting for a reply, but we received a blocking synchronous
      // call.  We must process it or otherwise a deadlock might occur.
      sync_context()->GetDispatchEvent()->Reset();
      sync_context()->DispatchMessages();
      continue;
    }

    if (result == 2 /* pump_messages_event */)
      WaitForReplyWithNestedMessageLoop();  // Start a nested message loop.

    break;
  }
}

void SyncChannel::WaitForReplyWithNestedMessageLoop() {
  WaitableEvent* old_done_event = send_done_watcher_.GetWatchedEvent();
  send_done_watcher_.StopWatching();
  send_done_watcher_.StartWatching(sync_context()->GetSendDoneEvent(), this);
  bool old_state = MessageLoop::current()->NestableTasksAllowed();
  MessageLoop::current()->SetNestableTasksAllowed(true);
  MessageLoop::current()->Run();
  MessageLoop::current()->SetNestableTasksAllowed(old_state);
  if (old_done_event)
    send_done_watcher_.StartWatching(old_done_event, this);
}

void SyncChannel::OnWaitableEventSignaled(WaitableEvent* event) {
  WaitableEvent* dispatch_event = sync_context()->GetDispatchEvent();
  if (event == dispatch_event) {
    // The call to DispatchMessages might delete this object, so reregister
    // the object watcher first.
    dispatch_event->Reset();
    dispatch_watcher_.StartWatching(dispatch_event, this);
    sync_context()->DispatchMessages();
  } else {
    // We got the reply, timed out or the process shutdown.
    DCHECK(event == sync_context()->GetSendDoneEvent());
    MessageLoop::current()->Quit();
  }
}

}  // namespace IPC

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Luxembourg's multilingual books at the Frankfurt Book Fair
18th October 2022 Life & Arts, Opinion 8585
Ten publishers will represent Luxembourg at the world's largest book fair in Frankfurt. This year's theme will put a spotlight on the critical role of translations, an area where Luxembourg already shines with €50,000 budgeted for translation support in 2022.
One's ability to speak several languages is "no big deal" in Luxembourg. In fact, most Luxembourgers can code-switch fluently between four languages, making its literary scene also quite peculiar. Luxembourgish, French and German are the most popular languages among authors, although some languages tend to be famous for certain genres–for example, novels in Luxembourgish, poetry published in French and non-fiction books in German, explains Ian De Toffoli from Hydre Éditions.
Come 19 to 23 October, 10 Luxembourg book publishers will be present at the 74th Frankfurt Book Fair, where thousands of exhibitors from over 65 countries are expected. These include Black Fountain Press, capybarabooks, Editions Guy Binsfeld, Editions Schortgen, Ernster Editions, Hydre Éditions, KiWi E.L.G, Kremart Edition, PassaParola Editions, and PersPektiv Editions.
There will be 37 publications by around 18 authors in five original languages–Luxembourgish, German, English, French, Italian–placed on the "Books from Luxembourg" booth (G26) located at Hall 3.1.
Each year, publishers who show interest in participating in the fair are selected following a call. Last year, 10 Luxembourg publishers also represented the grand duchy at the fair, with culture minister Sam TansonSam Tanson (déi Gréng) officially opening the booth.
"Participation always depends on the interest of the publishers …. next year there might even be more publishers who will participate," explains Kultur|lx project manager in literature and publishing Brian Bailey, whose department is also in charge of organising Luxembourg's representation at the fair.


Jason Witten had arguably the most embarrassing moment of his young broadcasting career on Monday night, but at least he has a good sense of humor about it.
What Witten meant to say, of course, was that Rodgers pulled a "rabbit out of his hat." To his credit, the former Cowboys tight end mocked himself for the embarrassing flub after the game.
Aaron Rodgers pulls another rabbit out of his head!!
Witten has experienced some growing pains in his first season with the "Monday Night Football" crew, and fans couldn't wait to jump all over him for the blunder. He has some work to do if he wants to become one of the better analysts in the business, but being able to laugh at yourself is half the battle.


text:
Breastfeeding … with a little scripture thrown in
Minister Angelique of Living Word tries to spread the Good Word
by Tom Holmes August 4, 2015
Pregnant woman touching her belly
A program for pregnant and breastfeeding mothers will be held this Saturday, Aug. 8, at the Forest Park Mall on Roosevelt Road. The event's theme is Breastfeeding Mothers Raising Children with Generational IMPACT, and the host is Minister Angelique and Precious Jewels Moms Ministries. The program is scheduled to run from 11:30 a.m. till 4:30 p.m.
Participants will receive the same kind of information about breastfeeding that is presented at La Leche League events. Minister Angelique has a Master of Science degree in nursing, is a board-certified lactation consultant and has been working with breastfeeding mothers for 20 years.
"The event will include food, fun and fellowship," she said, adding, "What makes us unique is that we show the moms the Word of God in everything we do." For example, early on in the program is a segment called "Sister Got a Word for YOU" in which she will share a Scripture passage with the audience.
"It's short," she said, "and won't be a sermon."
A demonstration called "Make up for Mommy" will show how looking good can be tied to God's word. There will be a demonstration on how to use cosmetics, but "what many women are doing with makeup is painting themselves externally. God wants us to look nice, but having him inside is what attracts people to us."
The minister said she has had a passion for teaching breastfeeding and supporting nursing mothers for a long time. When she was seven months pregnant, she went to a La Leche League session and breastfed her two now-adult sons. She led her first mom's group in 1994.
What changed her career into a ministry was getting involved with Living Word Christian Center in 2008. Seeing that the church, located in the Forest Park mall, had a designated room for nursing mothers got her attention. It was the first church she had ever attended that had a special place just for moms who are breastfeeding.
Inspired by Pastor Winston and Living Word, she started a ministry called Precious Jewels Moms Ministries. When a mother enters a Precious Jewels meeting, she hears Christian music playing and Minister Angelique shares a Scripture passage.
"Sometimes moms are struggling within themselves," she said. "They don't know who they are. I share a verse with them, like Psalm 139:14 — 'You are fearfully and wonderfully made' — and then make them repeat it. When we introduce ourselves, we say 'I am precious [the mom's name] and this is my baby, my jewel [the baby's name].
The mission statement of the Precious Jewels Moms Ministry is "To globally equip, empower, and exhort women through teaching, preaching, and training on biblical principles to become Christ embodied wives and mothers (Titus 2:4-5).
Minister Angelique said the latest research shows that African American women breastfeed their babies as much as women in other racial groups. A more significant factor, she said, is a woman's socio-economic status.
Saturday's event is the second year in a row that Minister Angelique has hosted the program, and she hopes to make it an annual event. Right now, she said, "it's definitely a mommy thing." She explained that there is a Bible verse that says "iron sharpens iron," meaning that having just women together who are on the same journey of mothering is a powerful thing. She hopes eventually to have a parallel session going on at the same time in which "another minister talks to men about fatherhood."
Registration is limited. Send an email to info@preciousjewelsmomsministries.org. Entrance to the event, which is sponsored by Health Restoration, is through the Royal Christian Book Store, located at 7610 Roosevelt Road in the Forest Park mall.
Spiritual maturing
According to her website, www.preciousjewelsmomsministries.org, "Minister Angelique had a lot of spiritual maturing to do in order to manifest the Precious Jewels Moms Ministries. In order to mature in the Lord, she had to learn to trust in God to push past the appearance of insurmountable circumstances and stay planted in the church where God placed her. She took several bible training classes to build the correct image of who she was in Christ. Some of the classes were Book of Romans (your righteousness), New Creation Realities, Effective Leadership, and Authority of the Believer.


A viral video shows the Duchess of Sussex speaking in a new way.
The Duchess of Sussex attends a ceremony to open the new Mersey Gateway Bridge on June 14, 2018 in Widnes, England.
Sounds like Meghan Markle is adjusting to her new life in Britain smashingly! From learning proper royal etiquette from the Queen to mastering the royal style rules, the Duchess of Sussex has come a long way since officially marrying into the Royal Family less than two months ago.
But now it seems she's adding a British accent to her repertoire, as well.
The Duchess of Sussex meets members of public as she and Queen Elizabeth II visit Cheshire, U.K. on June 14, 2018.
In a now viral video, which was filmed June, Markle is seen greeting fans during her first solo outing with the Queen in Cheshire, U.K. In the clip, the 36-year-old can be heard introducing herself as Meghan and thanking royal fans for their well wishes — all with a slight English accent.
... others are defending the former actress, saying that this is completely normal when moving to a new country.
Don't drag Meghan Markle for making her accent more English-ey. If you're an American living in the UK and you don't change your question-asking inflection, do you even count?
According to experts, it's not out of the ordinary for someone to develop an accent based on their surroundings. In fact, this is a subconscious occurrence.
"Doing it consciously is very hard indeed. Subconsciously, you always have the impulse to adapt to your surroundings, wherever you are," linguistics expert Dr. Damien Hall, of Newcastle University in the U.K., told Esquire in 2016.
"So in London you've adapted the way you speak to a lowest common denominator accent – in other words, you've learned to speak without any regional peculiarities at all that would make you difficult to understand. When you go home, you take yourself out of the professional milieu and back to friends and family members who know you well. You relax, because there isn't that constraint of needing to be understood."
The duchess waves to fans in Cheshire, U.K. on June 14, 2018.
Karin Humphreys, a professor who specializes in psycholinguistics at Hamilton, Ont.'s McMaster University, agrees.
"You're talking to somebody with a different accent, and people find themselves unconsciously copying them," she told Global News in 2014. "As speakers and listeners, we're incredibly sensitive and reactive to people around us."
On social media, one fan pointed out that Brits moving to the U.S. often adopt an American accent as well, so the idea that Markle has seemingly done this in reverse isn't so far-fetched.
With or without the accent, the duchess seems to fitting into royal life just fine. The former "Suits" star recently stepped out with her hubby, Prince Harry, for the Your Commonwealth Youth Challenge reception at London's Marlborough House.
The Duke and Duchess of Sussex attend the Your Commonwealth Youth Challenge reception in London on July 05, 2018.
And she looked stunning in a bright yellow frock by U.S. designer Brandon Maxwell.
For her next royal engagement, the Duchess of Sussex is expected to attend Prince Louis' christening on July 9 before heading on a two-day official visit to Dublin with Prince Harry.


This is a follow up to the post Look! I Am With You All the Days. In that post we made reference to the fact that memorial attendance declined dramatically from 1925 to 1928–something on the astonishing order of 80%. This was due to the failure of Judge Rutherford's predictions that the resurrection (and other things) would occur in 1925.
However, we did not have the references at the time to back up that statement. We now have them.
We stopped publishing the memorial attendance figure after 1926, possibly to avoid further embarrassment and discouragement. However, according to Jehovah's Witnesses in the Divine Purpose, pages 313 and 314, the memorial attendance in 1928 was only 17, 380. Quite a drop from the 90,434 of just three years earlier.


Inspired by a "swamp air-boat", this concept included the intense prototyping and engineering of multiple displays that included moving "air blades" that had product carefully placed and hung on them. The blades rotate like the blades of a swamp-air boat.
"Mini" versions of the spinning element also rotate behind the main blade. All wiring and motor elements were carefully hidden from customer view.
Engineering was a challenge, but our team proved their brilliance; the displays were designed to last for 30 days of continuous movement.
Various materials depending on location, including motorized elements.
Managed creative take-downs for each location, production, shipping, and installation. Included large banners, window clings, and large mechanical structure to similate a fan that could be merchandised with product (both apparel and footwear).
Task: Larger-than-life presents are "ripped open" to reveal product in a retail space, maximizing seasonal themes and creativity.


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I. Introduction: Employers should review their practices in regard to using contractors' services to comply with the expanded definition of "employ" under Dynamex.
The gig economy – in which companies have expanded the use of independent contractors over employees – has raised concerns among employee rights advocates and some governmental officials over the welfare of workers. That concern appears to permeate the April 30, 2018 decision by the California Supreme Court in Dynamex Operations West, Inc. v. Superior Court, __ Cal.5th __, 2018 WL 1999120 (Apr. 30, 2018).
But the decision can be expected have a much broader impact, reaching to more traditional industries in which companies have often relied upon independent contractors, because of the expanded definition of "employ". The Court holds that, for purposes of the wage orders governing wage and hour obligations of California employers, the definition of "employ" presumes that a worker is the employee of a hiring entity, unless the entity can show (A) that the entity lacks control and direction over work performance, and (B) that the work in question is outside the usual course of the entity's business, and (C) that the worker's work for the entity is of the same nature as the independently established trade, occupation or nature in which he or she is customarily engaged.
Companies should carefully review their practices for hiring contractors to perform work at their facilities. The initial question should be whether, in light of the expanded definition of "employ" and "employer" under California's wage orders, retaining workers as contractors rather than employees provides a sufficient benefit to the company to justify either the risk of liability based on misclassification or a restructuring of the relationship between the company and the worker.
If the work performed by workers retained by a company is the kind of work normally performed in the usual course of its business, then it should consider taking steps to classify those workers as employees. While in many cases, the determination that the work is or is not what is normally performed in the usual course of business will be clear, in other cases, the company should seek legal counsel for advice on how such close calls are likely to be resolved in the courts.
If a company wants to classify as contractors workers whose work is not in the normal course of the company and who are customarily engaged in an independently established trade of the same nature as that work, then the company needs to establish safeguards to assure that it does not assert control or direction over the performance of the work. A company should seek legal counsel to establish appropriate safeguards.
If a company wants to classify as contractors workers whose work is not in the normal course of the company and over whose work performance it lacks control and direction, it should make sure that the workers are customarily engaged in an independently established trade, occupation or business of the same nature of that work.
When taking these steps, companies need to consider that the Dynamex decision emphasizes the strong public policy focused on protecting workers, which underlies the expansive definition of "employ". Therefore, courts are likely to bend toward finding an employment, rather than independent contractor, relationship.
II. In Dynamex, the California Supreme Court justifies the expansion of the "employee" classification based upon the purpose of California Wage Orders to protect worker's wages and benefits.
A. The "ABC Test" imposes on companies the burden to justify classification of workers as contractors by showing all prongs of a three-part test related to the level of control over work performance and the nature of the work.
This so-called "ABC standard" broadens the circumstances in which a worker must be deemed an employee and a hiring entity deemed an employer subject to the wage and hour obligations under the wage orders.
B. The Dynamex decision addresses the definition of "employ" and "employer" in the context of California wage orders, but leaves open whether the definition will be expanded to apply to other labor statutes.
In other words, the Borello Court "was not adopting 'detailed new standards for examination of the issue.'" Factors established by statute or pertinent treatises could "overlap those pertinent under the common law. [Citation.] Each service arrangement must be evaluated on its facts, and the dispositive circumstances may vary from case to case.'" A six-factor test used in other states could be pertinent as well.
The Court next described its decision in Martinez v. Combs, 49 Cal.4th 35 (2010), in which the Court addressed "the meaning of the terms 'employ' and 'employer' as used in California wage orders, although not in the context of whether workers were employees or independent contractors. The Court explored the history of how the term "employ or suffer or permit" a person to work came to be used in the definition in California wage orders. Derived from statutes regulating and prohibiting child labor adopted in the early 1900s throughout the country, the terms were used to expand the protection of the laws to relationships that did not fit in the common law master and servant relationship. The intent was to "reach irregular working arrangements the proprietor of a business might otherwise disavow with impunity." And the Court observed that the use of those terms in the wage orders was useful in "reaching situations in which multiple entities control different aspects of the employment relationship . . . ." Ultimately, the Court concluded that the wage orders' definitions of the employment relationship are applicable in a civil action.
On its face, the new standard for classifying workers as independent contractors or employees to determine applicability of the obligations under the wage orders appears to offer more certainty to companies. The presumption that workers are employees supports that certainty. The three factors that a company must show to justify classifying workers as independent contractors leave substantial room for interpretation. But the Court's strong admonition about the breadth of the wage orders' definition of "employ" and "employer" in light of the history of those definitions when they were first adopted, indicates that courts are likely to side with workers in interpreting any ambiguity in the factors. Application of the expanded standard to worker classification issues in other statutory contexts, where the definition of "employ" and the purpose underlying the statute may differ, is uncertain.