text:
Vladimir Moss – Orthodox Christianity Author
TWO KINDS OF HOPE
THE KHRUSHCHEV PERSECUTION
ST. MARK OF EPHESUS AND THE COUNCIL OF FLORENCE
THE ARTIST AS GOD: GOETHE AND BEETHOVEN
IS THE MOSCOW PATRIARCHATE CRUMBLING AT LAST?
THE MOSCOW COUNCIL OF 1917-18
Top 10 Downloaded Books
A HISTORY OF THE FALL OF THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH OUTSIDE RUSSIA, 2000-2007
THE RISE AND FALL OF CHRISTIAN ROME
ЛЕТОПИС ВЕЛИКЕ БИТКЕ (in Serbian)
GLIMPSES OF ANOTHER WORLD
THE HOLY NEW MARTYRS AND CONFESSORS OF CENTRAL RUSSIA
THIRTY YEARS OF TRIAL: THE TRUE ORTHODOX CHRISTIANS OF GREECE, 1970-2000
RELIGION AND NATIONALISM
THE MYSTERY OF REDEMPTION
THE HOLY NEW MARTYRS AND CONFESSORS OF NORTHERN AND WESTERN RUSSIA, BELORUSSIA AND THE BALTIC
IN THE JAPANESE CAMPS
THE IDEOLOGY OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION
Written by Vladimir Moss
The system of government of the United States, as incarnate in the Declaration of Independence of 1776 and the Constitution of 1787, is usually considered to be a product of English liberal ideas, particularly those of John Locke. This is broadly true; but it will be worth considering the influence of two other sources: the earlier, pre-Lockean English political tradition, and the traditions of the Native Indians, and in particular the Confederacy of Iroquois Five Nations.
In the 1740s the Mohawk Chief Canassatego gave the following advice to Benjamin Franklin: "Our wise forefathers established union between the Five Nations. This has made us formidable; this has given us great weight and authority with our neighbouring nations. We are a powerful confederacy, and by your observing the same methods our wise forefathers have taken you will acquire such strength and power. Therefore, whatever befalls you, never fall out with one another."
G.K. Ballatorecomments: "Arguably, federalism has been the United States' foremost political contribution. The pattern of states within a nation held together not by clannishness or geography but by shared values mimics the structure of the Iroquois Confederacy. Since most of the colonies had more contact and trade with the Indians than they did with one another, the Iroquois preference for local government made sense.
"The Iroquois Confederacy was the only living, breathing democracy the founders had witnessed when the time came to declare independence and, later, cobble together the Constitution when the Articles of Confederation were found wanting. Although Franklin and Jefferson were acquainted with the ideas of Locke and Rousseau, there were no current examples in Europe of democracy in action. In contrast, colonists imagined that the American Indians lived in a perfect state of nature and were somehow descended from the Ancient Romans. As early as 1580, Michel de Montaigne wrote admiringly of the natives of the New World in his essay, On Cannibals… Later, in the late 1600s, the first colonial historian of the Indians, Cadwallader Colden, wrote that without 'Men of experience among the Five Nations to advise and direct them on all emergencies of importance', the British colonies would be sunk. Colden even attributed French dominance in early colonial America to their ties with the Five Nations.
"By the mid-1700s, this sense of respect and curiosity filtered down to the Founding Fathers, many of whom studied Colden's work. During this time, Franklin, Conrad Weiser, Thomas Paine, William Johnson, James Madison and John Adams all visited the Iroquois for extended periods to study their government and organisation. The Indians' proximity to the eastern colonies enabled these frequent visits. Adams even included a survey of Iroquois government in his Defence of the Constitution of the United States, published on the eve of the Constitutional Convention, in which he favourably compared the unicameral governing body of the United States to that of the Five Nations.
"The colonists' first attempt to organise as a cohesive state was at the Albany Conference in 1754, where representatives from each of the colonies attended, as well as many Iroquois Indians, including the Mohawk chief Canassatego. Franklin named the organising body the Great Council, after the Grand Council of the Iroquois. In the Iroquois tradition, the Grand Council does not interfere with local tribal matters. Each tribe has its own 'constitution' that governs the laws of their land, independent of the other tribes. In addition, they convene regularly with the other tribes to discuss matters that affect all of them, especially the decision to wage war. Otherwise, each tribe's and each individual's autonomy is recognised and respected as long as it does not hurt another. Franklin greatly admired this system of government and chastised the other colonists when they failed to cohere:
"'It would be a very strange thing if six nations of ignorant savages should be capable of forming a scheme for such an Union and be able to execute it in such a manner, as that it has subsisted for Ages, and appears indissoluble, and yet a like Union should be impracticable for ten or a dozen English colonies.
"The notion of personal freedom and liberty also descended from the Iroquois and, most notably, from the Mohawks, who had the most contact with the British colonists. Many colonists, in keeping with Montaigne, saw the Indian way of life as a 'recapitulation of Eden'. When the founders tried to capture this in the laws of the New World, they aimed at describing a way of life akin to a state of nature as they observed in the Indians. Hence, Jefferson replaced the right of property that was safeguarded in European constitutions with the right to happiness.
"While the Magna Carta also treated the question of inalienable rights (in a more limited way), the last thing Jefferson and other founders wanted was an imitation of the world from which they had escaped. They did not want to go back to the European way of life, but to form a new society that was neither civilised nor savage…"[1]
Let us now turn to the influence of English political ideas.
On July 4, 1776, at the Second Continental Congress 56 delegates signed a Declaration of Independence, composed mainly by Thomas Jefferson, which began as follows: "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. That to secure these rights, Governments are instituted among Men, deriving their just Powers from the consent of the governed. That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute a new government, laying its foundation on such principles and organizing its power in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness… when a long train of abuses and usurpations, pursuing invariably the same object evinces a design to reduce them under absolute despotism, it is their right, it is their duty, to throw off such government, and to provide new guards for their future security."
There is nothing radically new in this Declaration, nothing as radically new as the "general will" of Rousseau (who died two years before). Thus Jacques Barzun writes: "No new Idea entailing a shift in forms of power – the mark of revolutions – was proclaimed. The 28 offences that King George was accused of had long been familiar in England. The language of the Declaration is that of protest against abuses of power, not of proposals for recasting the government on new principles."[2]
At the same time, as Tombs writes, "America's flattering foundation myth [as contained in the Declaration] is itself of immense historic importance. It drew on Enlightenment ideas, particularly those of Locke and Montesquieu, to give a universal significance to the traditional rhetoric of 'free-born Englishmen', and so provided Europe with a new vista of optimism. We can see the difference if we compare the United States and Canada: the latter, however admirable, has never excited the world with the promise of 'life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness'…"[3]
More precisely, the Declaration took the principles of the English "Glorious Revolution" of 1688, as formulated by Locke, and applied them more generally, thereby showing that Lockean liberalism was dangerously open-ended, tending to its own destruction. For it showed that if parliament placed limits on the king in the name of the people and natural law, there was no reason why limits should not also be placed on parliament in turn by other estates of the realm, even colonials, in the name of the same principles. Thus the American revolution showed, as Barbara Tuchman has put it, that "parliamentary supremacy", no less than monarchy, "was vulnerable to riot, agitation and boycott…"[4]
Moreover, in principle it authorized the process of rebellion could go on forever; for there were always people who did not feel they belonged to this people, who did not experience the "happiness" which the Declaration said was their "natural right", and therefore felt the right to "institute a new government" that would "effect their safety and happiness" – which is precisely what happened when about 100,000 American Loyalists fled to Canada to escape persecution in the United States. [5]
Another novelty of the Declaration was the idea that guaranteeing "the pursuit of happiness" is the primary purpose of governments and a right of the governed. Norman Stone writes: "'The pursuit of happiness', in the foundation charter of the United States, has always struck foreigners as funny. That is a misunderstanding of the original, which was just a polite way of saying 'money'."[6]
Indeed, when he was ambassador in Paris, Jefferson was asked why he had substituted "happiness" for the traditional Lockean emphasis on "property". He replied that since the secure possession of property was an important condition of happiness, there was no real contradiction. However, this was the first time in history that "the pursuit of happiness" had been taken to be one of the purposes of the State, and the failure to achieve this end as a justification for revolution.
"This was not, of course," writes J.S. McClelland, "to say that it was government's business to regulate the details of people's lives to make sure that they were cheerful, but it did mean that a very exact sense emerged of government's duty to provide those conditions in which rational men could pursue happiness, that is further their own interests, without being hindered unnecessarily either by government or by their fellow men. This was more radical than it sounds, because in eighteenth-century political thought it meant that government's capacity to promote the happiness of its subjects, however negatively, was connected with the vital question of the legitimacy of government. No political theory ever invented, and no actual government since the Flood, had ever had as its proclaimed intention the idea of making men miserable. All governments more or less claim that they have their subjects' happiness at heart, but most governments have not based their claims to be entitled to rule directly on their happiness-creating function. The reason why governments do not typically base their claim to rule on their capacity to increase happiness is obvious enough, because to do so would be to invite their subjects to judge whether their governments are competent or not. Indeed, it could be argued that most of the justifications for forms of rule which have been on offer since Plato are all careful to distinguish between questions about legitimacy and questions about happiness…"[7
But the greatest novelty of the Declaration – although, as we shall see, it was implicit in Locke's political theory – was the idea of universal rights. Mark Almond writes: "The Declaration, approved by congress on 4 July 1776 and signed by its members on 2 August, was greeted with incredulity by the British. The British Gentleman's Magazine for September, 1776 ridiculed the idea of equality: 'We hold, they say, these truths to be self-evident: That all men are created equal. In what are they created equal? Is it in size, strength, understanding, figure, civil or moral accomplishments, or situation of life?"[8]
The British had a point: the equality of men is far from self-evident from a humanist point of view. In fact, the only real justification for it is religious, presupposing the Christian faith: that all men are made in the image of God, and that Christ died for all men equally, so that all men equally should be the object of Christian love. From a humanist perspective – and all major political thinkers by now were humanists, not real Christians – the foundations of egalitarianism were different. The foundational ideas of humanist egalitarianism are those of universal rights and an original state of nature in which those rights were supposedly practised.
This idea was implicit in the philosophy of John Locke, who had first spoken of an original state of human equality. Ironically, he had seen it incarnate across the Atlantic, in the primitive, pre-colonial societies of the American Indians. For "In the beginning," he said, "all the world was America, and more so than that is now; for no such thing as Money was any where known."[9]
Money spoils everything, and the American Revolution was primarily about money, not equality… Thus neither the English in their "Glorious Revolution" of 1689 nor the Americans in their American Revolution consistently applied Lockean principles of democratism and egalitarianism. For both were oligarchical societies consisting of white, property-owning, males excluding slaves and women. They had no intention of extending the franchise; and what they meant by "equality" was being treated on equal terms with other Englishmen (on both sides of the Atlantic) of similar wealth and breeding…
Nevertheless, the very mention of universal rights in the Declaration of Independence marked a pronounced leftist shift in political thinking in the Anglo-American world that was to have profound implications for the future of political thought. "Historians disagree," writes Norman Cantor, "on whether the French doctrines of republicanism and the universal rights of man played an important role in shaping the ideas of the American Revolution of 1776, the Constitution of 1787, and the Bill of Rights (the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution), or whether the American political culture was a direct offshoot of English law and politics. However derived, the American idea was that of a 'New Order of the World' in which the privileges, discriminations, and prejudices of Europe were to be superseded (so said the American Revolution of 1776) by a new era of freedom in human history. This does sound like English common law filtered through the prism of French ideological enthusiasm."[10]
There were in fact two distinct tendencies in English political thinking: a conservative, traditionalist tendency, and a more radical, universalist tendency. The latter tendency was implicit in Locke's thinking; but it was not made explicit in the still traditionalist society of eighteenth-century England. Both tendencies influenced the American Founding Fathers, but there was an inescapable tension between them, and therefore between those who wanted to restore the past in a conservative spirit and those who wanted to drive forward to a brave new world of the future.
As Ofir Haivry and Yoram Hazony write: "When the American English, as Burke called them, rebelled against the British monarch, there were already two distinct political theories expressed among the rebels, and the opposition between these two camps only grew with time.
"First, there were those who admired the English constitution that they had inherited and studied. Believing they had been deprived of their rights under the English constitution, their aim was to regain these rights. Identifying themselves with the tradition of Coke and Selden, they hoped to achieve a victory against royal absolutism comparable to what their English forefathers had achieved in the Petition of Right and Bill of Rights. To individuals of this type, the word revolution still had its older meaning, invoking something that 'revolves' and would, through their efforts, return to its rightful place—in effect, a restoration. Alexander Hamilton was probably the best-known exponent of this kind of conservative politics, telling the assembled delegates to the constitutional convention of 1787, for example, that 'I believe the British government forms the best model the world ever produced.'[11] Or, as John Dickinson told the convention: 'Experience must be our only guide. Reason may mislead us. It was not reason that discovered the singular and admirable mechanism of the English constitution…. Accidents probably produced these discoveries, and experience has given a sanction to them.' And it is evident that they were quietly supported behind the scenes by other adherents of this view, among them the president of the convention, General George Washington.
"Second, there were true revolutionaries, liberal followers of Locke such as Jefferson, who detested England and believed—just as the French followers of Rousseau believed—that the dictates of universal reason made the true rights of man evident to all. For them, the traditional English constitution was not the source of their freedoms but rather something to be swept away before the rights dictated by universal reason. And indeed, during the French Revolution, Jefferson and his supporters embraced it as a purer version of what the Americans had started. As he wrote in a notorious letter in 1793 justifying the revolution in France: 'The liberty of the whole earth was depending on the issue of the contest. . . . [R]ather than it should have failed, I would have seen half the earth desolated.'
"The tension between these conservative and liberal camps finds rather dramatic expression in America's founding documents: The Declaration of Independence, drafted by Jefferson in 1776, is famous for resorting, in its preamble, to the Lockean doctrine of universal rights as 'self-evident' before the light of reason. Similarly, the Articles of Confederation, negotiated the following year as the constitution of the new United States of America, embody a radical break with the traditional English constitution. These Articles asserted the existence of thirteen independent states, at the same time establishing a weak representative assembly over them without even the power of taxation, and requiring assent by nine of thirteen states to enact policy. The Articles likewise made no attempt at all to balance the powers of this assembly, effectively an executive, with separate legislative or judicial branches of government.
"The Articles of Confederation came close to destroying the United States. After a decade of disorder in both foreign and economic affairs, the Articles were replaced by the Constitution, drafted at a convention initiated by Hamilton and James Madison, and presided over by a watchful Washington, while Jefferson was away in France. Anyone comparing the Constitution that emerged with the earlier Articles of Confederation immediately recognizes that what took place at this convention was a reprise of the Glorious Revolution of 1689. Despite being adapted to the American context, the document that the convention produced proposed a restoration of the fundamental forms of the English constitution: a strong president, designated by an electoral college (in place of the hereditary monarchy); the president balanced in strikingly English fashion by a powerful bicameral legislature with the power of taxation and legislation; the division of the legislature between a quasi-aristocratic, appointed Senate and a popularly elected House; and an independent judiciary. Even the American Bill of Rights of 1789 is modelled upon the Petition of Right and the English Bill of Rights, largely elaborating the same rights that had been described by Coke and Selden and their followers, and breathing not a word anywhere about universal reason or universal rights."[12]
This silence about universal reason was just as well in the year of the French Revolution… For, as Hamilton wrote in the first of The Federalist Papers, "A dangerous ambition more often lurks behind the specious zeal for the rights of the people than under the forbidding appearance of zeal for the firmness and efficiency of government. History will teach us that the former has been found a much more certain road to the introduction of despotism than the latter, and that of those men who have overturned the liberties of republics, the greatest number have begun their career by paying an obsequious court to the people, commencing demagogues, and ending tyrants."
Thus while instituting a strong executive power, the delegates were also motivated by a fear of despotism and distrust of big government; they wanted a government which would interfere as little as possible in the private lives of the citizens. Thus the 9th and 10th Amendments reserved spheres not explicitly given to the central government to the States and the People.[13] James Madison said: "Wherever the real power in government lies, there is the danger of oppression. In our government the real power lies in the majority of the community, and the invasion of private rights is chiefly to be apprehended, not from acts of government contrary to the sense of its constituents, but from acts in which the government is the mere instrument of the major number of the constituents. This is a truth of great importance, but not yet sufficiently attended to…"[14]
However, if the Constitution of 1787 should be considered a defeat for Jefferson, he had many victories ahead of him. Jefferson, as we have seen, drew inspiration from the French revolution; and his drive to "rekindle the old spirit of 1776" was unquenchable. Thus he believed that a rebellion every twenty years or so was necessary to stop the arteries of freedom from becoming sclerotic. As he wrote in 1787: "The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with the blood of patriots & tyrants. It is its natural manure."[15] And to James Madison he wrote in the same year: "A little rebellion now and then, is a good thing, and as necessary in the political world as storms in the physical… It is a medicine for the sound health of government..."[16]
There is a rich irony in the fact that the United States, which after 1917 became the main bulwark of ordered government against the revolution, should have been the most revolutionary State prior to 1789. Moreover, its success had a considerable influence on the 1789 revolution and its imitators, who took the American example as proving that "where there is a will there is a way" for revolting nations. Thus "'Since America became a free society after shaking the English yoke off her neck, all nations are yearning for the same golden liberties,' wrote the Magyar Kurir… on 27 May 1789."[17]
The revolution threw up two important issues: the relative powers of the central government and the states, and slavery. With regard to the first issue, the champions of a strong central government, the federalists, believed that such a government was necessary – subject to the 9th and 10th Amendments being observed, and limited by the power of impeachment[18] - in order to preserve the gains of the revolution, to guarantee taxation income, and to preserve law and order. As George Washington put it: "Let then the reins of government be braced and held with a steady hand, and every violation of the Constitution be reprehended. If defective, let it be amended, but not suffered to be trampled on whilst it has an existence."[19] Not surprisingly, many of the anti-federalists thought that Washington was putting the central government in the place of the British monarch, and with similar tyrannical powers. As Joseph J. Ellis writes, they were haunted by "the ideological fear, so effective as a weapon against the taxes imposed by Parliament and decrees of George III, that once arbitrary power was acknowledged to reside elsewhere [than in the states], all liberty was lost..."[20]
As we have seen, one potential danger of American democracy – as of every revolution that acts in the name of freedom - was that demands for equal rights on the part of truly or supposedly oppressed minorities were theoretically endless, and could lead in the end to complete anarchy, which in its turn would lead to the imposition of old-style Cromwellian dictatorship. Thus Benjamin Franklin supported the constitution of 1787 "with all its faults – if they are such – because I think a general government necessary for us, and there is no form of government but what may be a blessing to the people if well administered". But this good administration, he believed, could only go on for a few years, after which it "can only end in despotism, as other forms have done before it, when the people shall become so corrupted as to need despotic government, being incapable of any other…"[21]
The Constitution included elements that were familiar from Montesquieu, such as the separation of the powers of the executive (the President), the legislature (the two houses of Congress) and the judiciary (the Supreme Court). However, the Americans went a significant step further in granting individual citizens the right to bear arms in defence of their rights. Such an innovation was perhaps possible only in America, whose distance from her most powerful rivals and decentralised system of semi-sovereign states and ever-expanding frontiers made strong central government less essential, giving unparalleled freedom to individual farmer-settlers.
With regard to slavery, "the irony is," writes Ferguson, "that having won their independence in the name of liberty, the American colonists went on to perpetuate slavery in the southern states. As Samuel Johnson acidly asked in his anti-American pamphlet Taxation No Tyranny: 'How is it that the loudest YELPS for liberty come from the drivers of Negroes?' By contrast, within a few decades of having lost the American colonies, the British abolished first the slave trade and then slavery itself throughout their Empire. Indeed, as early as 1775 the British Governor of Virginia, Lord Dunmore, had offered emancipation to slaves who rallied to the British cause. This was not entirely opportunistic: Lord Mansfield's famous judgement in Somersett's case had pronounced slavery illegal in England three years before. From the point of view of most African-Americans, American independence postponed emancipation by at least a generation. Although slavery was gradually abolished in northern states like Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey and Rhode Island, it remained firmly entrenched in the South, where most slaves lived.
"Nor was independence good news for the native Americans. During the Seven Years War the British government had shown itself anxious to conciliate the Indian tribes, if only to try to lure them away from their alliance with the French. Treaties had been signed which established the Appalachian mountains as the limit of British settlement, leaving the land west of it, including the Ohio Valley, to the Indians. Admittedly, these treaties were not strictly adhered to when peace came, sparking the war known as Pontiac's Uprising in 1763. But the fact remains that the distant imperial authority in London was more inclined to recognize the rights of the native Americans than the land-hungry colonists on the spot."[22]
Conditions for slaves were even harsher in the United States than in New Spain. According to the Virginia slave code of 1705 all servants imported into the State "who were not Christians in their native country… shall be accounted and be slaves, and such be here bought and sold notwithstanding a conversion to Christianity afterwards…" Whites could not marry blacks or those of mixed race. And if a master killed a slave in the course of correcting him, "he shall be free of all punishment… as if such accident had never happened".
Such harshness towards slaves was motivated – but not, of course, justified – by the fact that they were vital for the economy, in that many of them came from the so-called Rice Coast, present-day Ghana, where they had learned how to separate rice grains from their husks – a skill vital in making rice cultivation a success in the South. Free white workers were less skilled and more expensive. That was the main reason – apart from simple racism – why the slave-owners resisted emancipation so fiercely, and why there were periodic slave uprisings. An attempt to create a new colony without slavery was made in Georgia in 1732, but it failed; and in 1752 Georgia became a crown colony, and thereafter a plantation society like South Carolina…[23]
The Declaration of Independence famously declared that it was "not possible that one man should have property in person of another". However, as Ellis writes, "removing slavery was not like removing British officials or revising constitutions. In isolated pockets of New York and New Jersey, and more panoramically in the entire region south of the Potomac, slavery was woven into the fabric of American society in ways that defied appeals to logic and morality. It also enjoyed the protection of one of the Revolution's most potent legacies, the right to dispose of one's property without arbitrary interference from others, especially when the others resided far away or claimed the authority of some distant government. There were, to be sure, radical implications latent in the 'principles of '76' capable of challenging privileged appeals to property rights, but the secret of their success lay in their latency – that is, the gradual and surreptitious ways they revealed their egalitarian implications over the course of the nineteenth century. If slavery's cancerous growth was to be arrested and the dangerous malignancy removed, it demanded immediate surgery. The radical implications of the revolutionary legacy were no help at all so long as they remained only implications.
"The depth and apparent intractability of the problem became much clearer during the debates surrounding the drafting and ratification of the Constitution. Although the final draft of the document was conspicuously silent on slavery, the subject itself haunted the closed-door debates. No less a source than Madison believed that slavery was the central cause of the most elemental division in the Constitutional Convention: 'the States were divided into different interests not by their difference of size,' Madison observed, 'but principally from their having or not having slaves… It did not lie between the large and small States: it lay between the Northern and Southern.'
"The delegates from New England and most of the Middle Atlantic states drew directly on the inspirational rhetoric of the revolutionary legacy to argue that slavery was inherently incompatible with the republican values on which the American Republic had been based. They wanted an immediate end to the slave trade, an explicit statement prohibiting the expansion of slavery into the western territories as a condition for admission into the union, and the adoption of a national plan for gradual emancipation analogous to those state plans already adopted in the North…
"The southern position might more accurately be described as 'deep southern', since it did not include Virginia. Its major advocates were South Carolina and Georgia, and the chief burden for making the case in the Constitutional Convention fell almost entirely on the South Carolina delegation. The underlying assumption of this position was most openly acknowledged by Charles Cotesworth Pinckney of South Carolina – namely, that 'South Carolina and Georgia cannot do without slaves'. What those from the Deep South wanted was open-ended access to African imports to stock their plantations. They also wanted equivalently open access to western lands, meaning no federal legislation restricting the property rights of slave owners…
"Neither side got what it wanted at Philadelphia in 1787. The Constitution contained no provision that committed the newly created federal government to a policy of gradual emancipation, or in any clear sense placed slavery on the road to ultimate extinction. On the other hand, the Constitution contained no provisions that specifically sanctioned slavery as a permanent and protected institution south of the Potomac or anywhere else. The distinguishing feature of the document when it came to slavery was its evasiveness. It was neither a 'contract with abolition' nor a 'covenant with death', but rather a prudent exercise in ambiguity. The circumlocutions required to place a chronological limit on the slave trade or to count slaves as three-fifths of a person for purposes of representation in the House, all without ever using the forbidden word, capture the intentionally elusive ethos of the Constitution. The underlying reason for this calculated orchestration of non-commitment was obvious: Any clear resolution of the slavery question one way or the other rendered ratification of the Constitution virtually impossible…"[24]
Several of the Founding Fathers themselves owned slaves. Jefferson owned two hundred, only seven of whom he ever freed. [25] But this did not prevent him from moving to include a clause condemning George III for the slave trade. But the delegates from South Carolina and Georgia succeeded in having it deleted.
George Washington also owned slaves. But this was not the primary reason why he was silent about slavery when he came to make his retirement address in 1796. "His silence on the slavery question was strategic, believing as he did that slavery was a cancer on the body politic of America that could not at present be removed without killing the patient…"[26]
And with reason; for by 1790 the slave population was 700,000, up from about 500,000 in 1776. This, and the threat that South Carolina and Georgia would secede from the Union if slavery were outlawed, made abolition impractical on the plane of practical politics. (In his will Washington stipulated that all his slaves should be freed after his wife's death.) …
Nevertheless, the revolutionary implications contained in the Declaration of Independence could not fail to arouse great expectations in the black and Indian populations – and a general loosening of obedience among the whites. Thus in 1776 Benjamin Franklin admitted "that our struggle has loosened the bonds of government everywhere; that children and apprentices were disobedient; that schools and colleges were grown turbulent; that Indians slighted their guardians, and negroes grew more insolent to their masters…"[27]
The reaction of Thomas Jefferson, that famous lover of freedom, was imperialist, even eliminationist. In the same climactic year of 1776, he wrote "that he favoured pushing the war into the heart of the Indian lands: 'But I would not stop there. I would never cease pursuing them while one of them remained on this side of the Mississippi. We would never cease pursuing them with war while one remained on the face of the earth.'"[28]
December 6/19, 2019.
[1]Ballatore, "America's First Nation", History Today, April, 2017, pp. 51-52.
[2]Barzun, From Dawn to Decadence, 1500 to the Present, New York: Perennial, 2000, p. 397.
[3] Robert Tombs, The English and their History, New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2015.
[4]Tuchman, The March of Folly, London: Michael Joseph, 1984, p. 166.
[5] Thus Noam Chomsky points out that many American loyalists fled to Canada "because they didn't like the doctrinaire, kind of fanatic environment that took hold in the colonies. The percentage of colonists who fled in the American Revolution was actually about 4 percent, it was probably higher than the percentage of Vietnamese who fled Vietnam after the Vietnam War. And remember, they were fleeing from one of the richest places in the world – these were boat-people who fled in terror from Boston Harbor in the middle of winter to Nova Scotia, where they died in the snow trying to get away from all of these crazies here. The numbers are supposed to have been in the neighbourhood of maybe a hundred thousand out of a total population of about two and a half million – so it was a substantial part of the population. And among them were people from groups who knew they were going to get it in the neck if the colonists won – blacks and Native Americans, for example. And they were right: in the case of the Native Americans, it was genocide; in the case of the blacks, it was slavery." (Understanding Power: The Indispensable Chomsky, London: Vintage, 2003, p. 102).
[6]Stone, The Atlantic and its Enemies, London: Penguin, 2011, pp. 298-299.
[7]McClelland, A History of Western Political Thought, Routledge: London, 1996, pp. 354-355.
[8]Almond, Revolution, London: De Agostino, 1996,
[9]Locke, Second Treatise on Government, 49.
[10]Cantor, The Sacred Chain, London: HarperCollins, 1996, p. 239.
[11]He went on to say: "All communities divide themselves into the few and the many. The first are the rich and well born, the other the mass of the people… The people are turbulent and changing; they seldom judge or determine right. Give therefore to the first class a distinct, permanent share in the government. They will check the unsteadiness of the second… Nothing but a permanent body can check the impudence of democracy." (V.M.)
[12] Haivry and Hazony, "What is Conservatism?" American Affairs, Summer, 2017, vol. I, no. 2.
[13] Ninth Amendment: The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people." Tenth Amendment; 'The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the People."
[14] Madison, in James M. Rafferty, Prophetic Insights into the New World Order, Malo, WA: Light Bearers Ministry, 1992, p. 73.
[15] Jefferson, in Cohen and Major, History in Quotations, London: Cassell, 2004, p. 510.
[16] Jefferson, in Almond, op. cit., p. 69. This recipe for permanent revolution was taken up by none other than Abraham Lincoln in 1861: "This country, with its institutions, belongs to the people who inhabit it. Whenever they shall grow weary of the existing government, they can exercise their constitutional right of amending it, or their revolutionary right to dismember or overthrow it…" (Almond, op. cit., p. 69)
[17]Adam Zamoyski, Holy Madness, London: Wedenfeld & Nicolson, 1999, p. 96.
[18] Section 4 of Article II: "The President, Vice President and all civil Officers of the United States, shall be removed from Office on Impeachment for, and Conviction of, Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors."
[19] Washington, in Cohen and Major, op. cit., p. 509.
[20] Ellis, Founding Brothers, New York: Vintage Books, 2002, p. 59. See also Simon Collinson, "President or King?", History Today, vol. 50 (11), November, 2000, pp. 12-13.
[21]Franklin, in Brian Macarthur, The Penguin Book of Historic Speeches, London: Penguin, 1995, p. 101.
[22]Ferguson, pp. 100-101.
[23] Reynolds, America, Empire of Liberty, London: Penguin, 2010.
[24] Ellis, op. cit., pp. 91-92, 93.
[25] Ferguson, op. cit., p. 100.
[26] Ellis, op. cit., p. 158.
[27] Almond, op. cit., p. 63.
[28] Andrew Marr, A History of the World, London: Pan, 2012, p. 353.
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UFO Sighting in Grand Rapids, Minnesota on 2017-03-11 17:15:00 - I was capturing the full moon and ended up capturing wormwood (our second sun, also known as nibiru) or one of its planets as well.
I was at my home in grand rapids, minnesota. it was march 11, 2017 and i was capturing the full moon. i ended up capturing what i believe to be wormwood (our second sun, also known as nibiru) or one of its planets. on my cell phone, i captured three photos of the object getting ready to orbit the moon. in my three consecutive photos i am submitting, you can clearly see the object is being gravitationally pulled into the moon. a few hours later, with my professional camera, i captured a few more photos of the object in orbit around the moon. i will be submitting one of these photos. i first noticed the object when i captured pics of the full moon. when i first saw the object, i was certain it was wormwood, our second sun. now, due to another photograph i captured a few months ago, i am thinking that object was either wormwood or one of its seven planets. i have been studying regarding wormwood and its seven planets since january 2016. i have captured hundreds of photos, experiencing wormwood and its seven planets firsthand since march 2017. each time that i capture photos with either my cell phone or my professional camera, it's very exciting to me. i like knowing that i have captured a moment in time that might never come back. i lost sight of the object when daytime arrived the next morning. i was watching it orbiting the moon all night.


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The men's 4 × 10 kilometre relay cross-country skiing competition at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada, was held on 24 February at Whistler Olympic Park at 11:15 PST.

Italy was the defending Olympic champion with the team of Fulvio Valbusa, Giorgio Di Centa, Pietro Piller Cottrer and Cristian Zorzi. Valbusa retired following the 2006 Winter Olympics. The defending world champions were the Norwegian team of Eldar Rønning, Odd-Bjørn Hjelmeset, Tore Ruud Hofstad and Petter Northug. The last World Cup competition for this event prior to the 2010 Games took place 22 November 2009 in Beitostoelen, Norway, and was won by the Norwegian team of Rønning, Martin Johnsrud Sundby, Ronny Hafsås and Northug.

Each team used four skiers, who competed over one 3.3 km circuit in classical and a second 3.3 km circuit in freestyle. The first two raced in the classical technique, and the final pair of skiers raced freestyle technique.

Results
Jauhojärvi of Finland (who finished fifth) had the fastest first leg with the second and third place teams being France (who would finish fourth) and Sweden. Bauer of the Czech Republic had the fastest run in the second leg and the classical style to propel his country from ninth in the first leg to second in the second leg. Sweden moved from third to first in the second leg while France fell from second to third. France's Manificat had the fastest third leg to move his team from third to second in the third leg. Sweden still led after the third run while the Czech Republic dropped from second to third. Defending world champion Norway, who was sixth after the third leg with Johnsrud Sundby replacing Rønning and biathlete Berger replacing both Hofstad and Hafsås, before anchor leg Northug had the fastest final run and in the freestyle technique to move his team to the silver medal, edging out the Czech Republic's Koukal. Defending Olympic champion Italy, with Checchi replacing Valbusa, finished a disappointing ninth. Despite not having any of the fastest legs, Sweden won their first relay Olympic gold medal since 1988.

See also
Cross-country skiing at the 2010 Winter Paralympics – Men's 1 x 4 km + 2 x 5 km Relay

References

External links
 2010 Winter Olympics results: Men's 4x10 km Relay Classic/Free, from https://web.archive.org/web/20100222080013/http://www.vancouver2010.com/ retrieved 2010-02-24.

Men's cross-country skiing at the 2010 Winter Olympics
Men's 4 × 10 kilometre relay cross-country skiing at the Winter Olympics

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Call 020 7760 7660 any time 24/7 to book dehumidifier hire and building drying equipment rental, or to discuss the steps for dealing with water damaged buildings. We can help now.
Our friendly, professional staff can guide which dehumidifier would be best for hire. We will help with setting it up in your property and can give advise how to reinstate your building quickly.
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Demetrius Rhaney
Demetrius Rhaney (born June 22, 1992) is an American football center who plays for the Houston Roughnecks of the XFL. He was drafted by the St. Louis Rams in the seventh round of the 2014 NFL Draft. He played college football at Tennessee State, having also played at Ellsworth Community College.
No. 65 – Houston Roughnecks
(1992-06-22) June 22, 1992 (age 27)
6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)
Fort Lauderdale (FL) Stranahan
NFL Draft:
2014 / Round: 7 / Pick: 250
St. Louis / Los Angeles Rams (2014–2016)
Jacksonville Jaguars (2017)*
Washington Redskins (2017–2018)
Memphis Express (2019)
Hamilton Tiger-Cats (2019)
Buffalo Bills (2019)*
Houston Roughnecks (2020–present)
* Offseason and/or practice squad member only
Career NFL statistics as of 2018
Games started:
Player stats at NFL.com
2 College career
3 Professional career
3.1 St. Louis / Los Angeles Rams
3.2 Jacksonville Jaguars
3.3 Washington Redskins
3.4 Memphis Express
3.5 Hamilton Tiger-Cats
3.6 Buffalo Bills
3.7 Houston Roughnecks
Early yearsEdit
A native of Fort Lauderdale, Florida, Rhaney lost his mother, Veronica Dixon to a sudden illness when he was in seventh grade.[1] He attended Academy High School in Coral Springs, Florida, before it was shut down, and later Stranahan High School.
College careerEdit
Because his transcript from Academy was lost, he could not meet NCAA requirements to accept a scholarship offer from Alabama A&M University. Instead, he enrolled at Ellsworth CC, and later Tennessee State.[citation needed]
Professional careerEdit
St. Louis / Los Angeles RamsEdit
Rhaney was selected by the St. Louis Rams in the seventh round, 250th overall, of the 2014 NFL Draft.[2] On June 20, 2017, Rhaney was waived by the Rams.[3]
Jacksonville JaguarsEdit
On June 21, 2017, Rhaney was claimed off waivers by the Jacksonville Jaguars.[4] He was released on September 1, 2017.[5]
Washington RedskinsEdit
On November 21, 2017, Rhaney signed with the Washington Redskins.[6]
On September 1, 2018, Rhaney was waived for final roster cuts before the start of the 2018 season.[7] He was re-signed on December 5, 2018, but was waived six days later.[8][9]
Memphis ExpressEdit
In 2019, Rhaney joined the Memphis Express of the Alliance of American Football (AAF).[10]
Hamilton Tiger-CatsEdit
After the AAF ceased operations in April 2019, Rhaney signed with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League on May 23, 2019.
Buffalo BillsEdit
On August 10, 2019, Rhaney was signed by the Buffalo Bills.[11] He was waived on August 31, 2019.[12]
Houston RoughnecksEdit
Rhaney was drafted in the 2020 XFL Draft by the Houston Roughnecks.[13]
^ "Missing high school transcript nearly derailed shot at college and NFL for offensive lineman Demetrius Rhaney". Yahoo! Sports. March 24, 2014.
^ "TSU's Kadeem Edwards to Bucs, Demetrius Rhaney to Rams". Tennessean. May 10, 2014.
^ Simmons, Myles (June 20, 2017). "Rams Waive Four Players". TheRams.com.
^ Williams, Charean (June 21, 2017). "Jaguars claim offensive lineman Demetrius Rhaney". ProFootballTalk.NBCSports.com.
^ Oehser, John (September 1, 2017). "Roster at 75: Notable names among transactions". Jaguars.com.
^ Czarda, Stephen (November 21, 2017). "Redskins Place Four On Injured Reserve, Sign Four To Active Roster". Redskins.com.
^ "9/1: Redskins Make Roster Moves". Redskins.com. September 1, 2018. Retrieved September 1, 2018.
^ "Redskins Sign Josh Johnson, Three Others; Place Quinton Dunbar, Trey Quinn And Jonathan Cooper On Injured Reserve". Redskins.com. December 5, 2018.
^ "Redskins Sign Guard Kyle Fuller, Waive Demetrius Rhaney". Redskins.com. December 11, 2018.
^ Munz, Jason (January 30, 2019). "AAF: The Memphis Express set their initial 52-man roster. Who made the cut?". The Commercial Appeal. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
^ Brown, Chris (August 10, 2019). "Bills sign CB Captain Munnerlyn, OL Demetrius Rhaney and, DT Roderick Young". BuffaloBills.com.
^ Brown, Chris (August 31, 2019). "Bills cut roster down to 53 players". BuffaloBills.com.
^ Bender, Bill (October 21, 2019). "XFL Draft picks 2019: Complete results, rosters, players for new football league". Sporting News. Retrieved October 22, 2019.
Tennessee State Tigers bio
This biographical article relating to an American football offensive lineman born in the 1990s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demetrius_Rhaney&oldid=936762924"


It's time for another installment in our recurring series about emerging trends in web design! These aren't necessarily things we recommend for everyone, just a few interesting tidbits we've noticed while browsing around.
A little over a year ago, we shared some tips with you about how to make a Contact page that connects with your users. Hooray for tips! Everybody needs a good Contact page, given that getting people to reach out to you is one of the fundamental tasks of most websites.
Google Maps have become so powerful and so ubiquitous that they've almost become a default element to include in website designs, even if it's just to display the location of a single business on a contact page. Users know how to interact with them, and they look great.
But….they could look better! As a designer, it's always been one of my pet peeves that it wasn't easily possible to match the colors of the Google map to the brand colors of the website that it was living within. Sure, the maps looked great, but wouldn't it be even greater if the blue of the water matched the blue of the design exactly? Yes. Yes it would.
Well, good news! Over the last year or two, we've seen the rise of a few tools (including one from Google itself) that make the styling of their maps possible, and they provide a degree of control over the map display that I had never dreamed possible.


Previously, webbing was yellow with black stitching. Moving forward, webbing will be black with yellow stitching. The change was brought about as a response to customer feedback, and will facilitate an easier inspection and maintenance process. The new color webbing does not affect equipment performance in any way, and no action is required on the part of the customer in preparation for the update.
This will be a rolling change beginning in November 2014, going through January 2015.
Please contact Guardian Fall Protection for a complete list of affected parts, or with any additional questions.


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Backpage.com, CEO Plead Guilty to Charges
Carl Ferrer will cooperate in prosecuting the website's creators
A screen shot of Backpage.com dated April 6. Authorities dubbed the website an 'online brothel.'
Photo: Damian Dovarganes/Associated Press
Updated April 12, 2018 10:10 pm ET
SACRAMENTO, Calif.—The chief executive of a website that authorities have dubbed an "online brothel" pleaded guilty Thursday to state and federal charges including conspiracy and money laundering. He also agreed to testify in prosecutions against others at Backpage.com, authorities said.
Authorities allege the site was often used to traffic underage victims, while company officials said they tried to scrub the website of such ads.
Chief Executive Officer Carl Ferrer will serve no more than five years in prison under a California agreement in which he pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy and three counts of money laundering in California.
Also Thursday, Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton said the company pleaded guilty to human trafficking. And a federal judge in Phoenix unsealed an April 5 plea deal revealing that Mr. Ferrer pleaded guilty to conspiracy and Backpage pleaded guilty to money-laundering conspiracy.
"For far too long, Backpage.com existed as the dominant marketplace for illicit commercial sex, a place where sex traffickers frequently advertised children and adults alike," U.S. Attorney General Jeff Sessions said in a statement. "But this illegality stops right now."


If I asked you how you'd be hospitable to someone, you'd have lots of suggestions I'm sure. You could listen as they describe their day, share soup, maybe even run them a bath. There are all kinds of things we can do, and they start small and simple. Eye contact. Smiling. It really is that basic.
Conversely, people can be made to feel unwelcome. We've had that experience, whether personally or when we've seen it happen to someone else. Only, something has happened around that indisputable phenomenon. It's become politicised, thanks to the use of the term microaggression to describe those behaviours which can make people feel that they're not wanted.
A friend of mine was lucky enough to get to do postgraduate studies at a university. She'd never expected to do so, and wanted to make the most of the opportunity. Doing her degree had been an amazing experience, but pretty soon it became clear as she started her Masters that things weren't the same. And she couldn't be sure why. What she knew was she felt bad, but couldn't locate the source of her unease.
Bit by bit she started to understand what was happening to her, and its subtlety. She's a working class single mum, and most of the people she was meeting in the space for postgrads were younger, and middle class. Most importantly, they were fluent in a language that was new to my friend, and pervasive within middle class and academic circles...passive-aggression. People would say one thing, mean another. And the disconnect left her feeling bad.
Not just my friend in fact - she realised low-grade paranoia was pervasive within the area set aside for the postgrads. A small group of people helped create the atmosphere for all. They might not have intended to make somewhere so unfriendly, but that's exactly what they'd done. And the biggest evidence was in the dwindling numbers of overseas students using what was supposed to be a resource for all. My friend, who has always spoken with pretty much anyone and treated them as an equal and someone she can learn from, found out that lots of the overseas students weren't using the space because they felt unwelcome.
This stuff is subtle, but it happens. And in heartbreaking ways. One of the Chinese students, convinced that there was bad energy in the room - whatever that might mean - had taken to putting a mirror on his computer to deflect the negative vibes. Sounds daft, but it was a culturally-grounded response to a situation that he couldn't process and respond to in a rational way. You don't have to believe in feng shui to know there are places that feel bad.
In 2009 I spent a few weeks in Australia. And I found it to be an extraordinarily hospitable place. Now, I know like any society there's plenty of racism too - I'm no pollyanna. But generally, I experienced an incredible degree of welcome from people, and not just ones I had some connection with. I stayed at a little seaside town, Ballina, for a few days. And one wet and windy Monday night, wanted to get some food. Only, between bad weather and it being the start of the week, hardly anywhere was open. I found somewhere that seemed to be, but they were about to close. A couple there for a birthday meal said I was welcome to have the remains of the pizza they had shared - an incredibly touching kindness. And I found similar examples pretty much wherever I went, giving me a huge affection for Australia that will stay with me.
My friend challenged the unwelcoming culture at her university, and the space for postgrads became one that was used by all. And it's possibly the case that the exclusionary tactics used by the core group weren't intentionally divisive, but a reflection of their discomfort with difference. And that's something we all suffer from at some point, to a greater or lesser degree.
It's incredibly easy to make another social or cultural group other in some way. Othering is a valuable tool for elites to maintain their power by getting people to focus on differences as a bad thing, rather than celebrating them as something to treasure. Which is pretty banal - only right now it isn't.
One of the first things that I was aware of as a response to Trump's electoral victory was an American transwoman I work with ensuring that her passport and other documentation is in order should the President-elect see through homophobic legislation that is possibly on the way. The response from the trans community and their allies is to organise, and ensure people have what they need, with funds being put together to ensure that's possible. There's talk of registering Muslims, and for many that understandably has an echo of the first steps of Hitler's treatment of Jews in Germany, which is why some American Jews are saying they're going to register as Muslims and are encouraging others to do so.
The magic word in all this is empathy. It's an innate human quality, and one that politicians of various sorts would section off to function only within groups they define, with anyone not belonging to the group depicted as alien. But they're not, any more than anyone is. As humans, we are 99% plus genetically identical to chimpanzees. Remember - whatever you make of Muslims, gays, left-handers, and Christians, you're even closer to them then you are the other primates.


Sheriff Blake Dorning announced today that on September 26, 2017 at approximately 9:30 am the Madison County Sheriff's Office Investigations Division along with The Department of Homeland Security executed arrest warrants at 3000 Block of North Broad Place in Huntsville, Alabama. The result of the warrants that were executed come from an ongoing investigation between the Madison County Sheriff's Office and the Department of Homeland Security. The subject pictured below was arrested on the listed charges and booked into the Madison County Jail with a bond totaling $365,000. At this time, there may possibly be other victims involved in Crimes of a sexual nature involving Billy Edwards. If you have had contact or feel you have been a victim of a crime involving Billy Edwards, please contact Investigator Cathy Davis at (256) 533-8831 or cwdavis@madisoncountyal.gov. Further charges may follow as the investigation continues.
Questions concerning this release may be directed to Madison County Sheriff's Office Criminal Investigations Division (CID) Lieutenant Brian Chaffin 256-533-8854 or bchaffin@madisoncountyal.gov.


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Home Alumni Alumni Awards Distinguished Alumni Awards Alfred L. Block '50
Alfred L. Block '50
2011 Distinguished Alumnus Award for Community Service
While in high school, it was Al's mother's fondest dream for him to attend Carroll. After serving with the U.S. Coast Guard in World War II, Alfred L. Block '50 was admitted into Carroll in 1946 and was able to use the G.I. Bill to support his education. Majoring in history, he received his Bachelor of Science degree in 1950 and went on to receive a Master of Arts from Marquette University in 1954.
Actively involved in public education for over fifty years, as both a teacher and administrator, Al's teaching experience includes tenures at Milwaukee Boys Technical School, West Milwaukee High School, Franklin High School, and as an adjunct at Carroll, MATC, University of Wisconsin-Madison, and Mount Mary College. His administrative experience includes over 25 years of service as director of instruction and superintendent of Franklin Public Schools in Franklin, Wis.
Al served as the K-12 environmental education coordinator for the South Milwaukee School District and as a member of the Wisconsin Civic Action Task Force. His passion for education also spread as far as East Africa, where he oversaw the construction of a primary school in rural Kenya in honor of his late wife, Carol. The school opened in the fall of 2010, and includes a new library and teacher resource room.
Block's commitment to serving others has not been limited to his professional career. Ordained as an elder in the Presbyterian Church, he has been an active member for his entire adult life—including volunteer work on Habitat for Humanity projects in Milwaukee. He also served as a state and congressional district coordinator for the "We the People" Program since 1987; curriculum committee for the National Ice Age Trail Foundation; member of the Franklin Historical Society; and volunteer for the nonprofit group Ducks Unlimited, dedicated to restoring and preserving wetland habitat throughout North America.
Al attributes Carroll for providing the basis for a well-defined career and for imparting an ethical foundation for the family he raised. Block's connections to Carroll run deep; his late wife Carol was a Carroll graduate, class of 1951, and two of his three children, David '76 and Deborah '74, are Carroll alumni. All three of his children ended up in careers where service to others was most important.
His daughter Deborah currently serves as senior pastor at Immanuel Presbyterian Church in Milwaukee and is a member of Carroll's Board of Trustees, while David completed 22 years of full-time teaching in environmental science and geography at Carroll and is currently holds professor emeritus status. Al's son, Dennis, is a retired U.S. Army Lieutenant Colonel and is currently serving as a property strategies vice president for the Girl Scouts of Wisconsin-Southeast Region. Al lives in Milwaukee, Wis. and remains a commitment and loyal alumnus.


With so many vehicles on the market, car shopping is a fun and exciting experience. Once you decide on the style of vehicle you want and the make and model, however, you need to choose the trim level that's best suited for your needs.
Most makes of cars come in a variety of models, and those models often further differentiate with trim levels, which include different features or add-ons that tailor it to different driving personalities. If you're shopping for your next vehicle in Cincinnati, Newport, or Covington, check out our trim level reviews on a range of Ford models, so you can be sure that you're choosing the vehicle that's the right match for you.
Though they come with a standard list of features and some available packages and features, trim levels offer a degree of customization for your vehicle. In most vehicles, the features for each trim level are bundled together in a logical way, such as luxury features or off-road performance additions, that help you choose a vehicle with the features you want most. This helps you get closer to finding your ideal match without having to add a bunch of features.
Before you can decide on one, however, you need to compare the trim levels for a vehicle lineup and see which one comes the closest to your needs. Our Ford trim level reviews provide a detailed overview of the included features and available options for each model, giving you the information you need right here on our website.
At Fuller Ford, we pride ourselves on our ability to provide local drivers with the best customer service and the widest selection of vehicles. We understand how important it is to find your perfect match, and we wouldn't want you to leave our dealership feeling anything other than complete satisfaction.
From our helpful research tools to our full-service team, we work hard to address all your vehicle needs, start to finish. Whether you're just starting your search, or you need to keep up with your vehicle's care and maintenance, we're here to serve you.
After reading our Ford trim level reviews and deciding on the best model for your needs, visit our dealership to experience them in person and learn more about what's available. We're always happy to help drivers in Cincinnati, Newport, and Covington, so call or stop by Fuller Ford today to browse our inventory and take a test drive!


To this category belong individual issues and complete holdings of newspapers from Namibia and other southern African countries. We have ongoing subscriptions to the Namibian daily newspapers The Namibian and the Allgemeine Zeitung as well as the weekly paper the Namibian Economist. As it is not always possible to obtain every issue of a newspaper, users are advised to check the information in the field holdings to verify availability of the issue they seek. Our newspaper collection, together with the journals, are the only BAB collections included in the catalogue of the university library.


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Laser Therapy: Potential and Challenges
Girl on the cosmetic procedure. Face cleaning. Fractional rejuvenation. Botox. Laser resurfacing. elos lifting
Researchers evaluated laser applications in various vascular, infectious, and hyperpigmented cutaneous lesions.
Laser therapy can be effective for various cutaneous lesions, but a number of challenges are involved with the procedure, according to findings in a study published in Dermatologic Therapy.
Researchers evaluated laser applications in various vascular, infectious, and hyperpigmented cutaneous lesions after conducting a literature review from 1973 to January 2022. They assessed the relevant clinical trials, observational studies, and systematic reviews.
Hemangiomas are the most common vascular tumor occurring in children, for which laser therapy with pulsed dye laser (PDL) has shown to be effective. PDL laser therapy generally also has had favorable outcomes in children with pyogenic granulomas. For noninvoluting congenital hemangiomas in children, improvement has been shown with use of a multiplex laser of 595 nm PDL and 1064 nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd: YAG), although the procedure requires general anesthesia.
PDL is generally regarded as the best option for erythema erythemotelangiectatic rosacea in adults. Other lasers, such as the potassium-titanyl-phosphate, may be used for perinasal and facial telangiectases. Comparative studies between PDL and intense pulsed light for diffuse facial erythema and telangiectases have been inconclusive.
In vitro studies have shown that Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa may respond to low-level laser radiation, and Nd: YAG laser has been demonstrated to be effective for onychomycosis. PDL and long-pulsed Nd: YAG lasers have been effective for cutaneous warts, and PDL is more frequently used for plantar warts.
For café-au-lait macules, the 532 nm QS Nd: YAG laser is preferable, particularly for light-skinned patients, noted the investigators. Repetitive sessions of the QS laser with low fluencies has been useful for melisma, and short-pulsed pigmented lasers are the gold standard for the healing of freckles. In addition, QS lasers are recommended for freckles in light-skinned patients with minimal complications, and long-pulsed lasers have been found to be equally effective in dark-skinned patients.
Laser therapy is associated with a number of challenges, however, according to the study authors. Those challenges include burns and excessive heating, ocular injury due to direct exposure, and recalcitrant lesions in some vascular lesions. In addition, infections such as herpes simplex virus can be reactivated after laser therapies. Hairy areas may be difficult, it was noted, as the melanin acts as a competing chromophore in some procedures including nonablative skin rejuvenation. The patient's age, particularly for vascular malformations, and scars following ablative therapies of the neck are other issues associated with laser use.
"There are no sufficient studies regarding discriminatory laser therapy for the aggressive types of the vascular tumors," the researchers commented. "Accordingly, this might determine the necessity of generating innovative laser treatments. To maximize the benefit of light therapy it is mandatory to recognize its challenges and consider it deeply in our field of research."
Saftawy EE, Sarhan R, Hamed A, Elhawary E, Sameh A. Lasers for cutaneous lesions: an update. Dermatol Ther. Published online June 17, 2022. doi:10.1111/dth.15647
Close more info about Laser Therapy: Potential and Challenges


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Q&A with Hanson
Over a decade and five albums later, Hanson is back with their latest, Shout It Out. They're not quite the boys you remember. They've got a grown-up look and a few twists to their sound -- piano-driven arrangements, a more soul-oriented feel -- but the band never left its summer-pop roots.
I chatted with Taylor Hanson about the new album, life as a husband and dad, and whether he's tired of playing "MMMBop." His answers may surprise you.
Is a song better when it's based on something specific in your life?
The quality of a song does not depend on the subject matter. It depends on what subject matter gets into the song, but it doesn't depend on whether that subject matter actually happened. As little kids, we would write songs about betrayal, relationships that had gone bad and the cheating woman. Where did that come from? You don't know exactly where stories come from necessarily, but that's what a song is. It's a relatable story. The songwriting process is about never turning off and always being aware of what's around you and not being afraid to be inspired by things.
For my complete interview with Taylor Hanson on Lemondrop, click here.
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Song of the Day! Cut Off Your Hands – You Should Do Better
June 2, 2011 by TheSiftingPan	Leave a comment
Cut Off Your Hands, New Zealand based Indie Rock band, are back making music after a three year absence.
Cut Off Your Hands are still the amazing indie rockers I remember them being back in 2007. But now it's 2011 and we're on the brink of the bands newest LP Hollows which, so far, sounds very promising. The song You Should Do Better is the first single off of Hollows and I can tell just from this track the LP will be something big. You can just hear the artistic passion surging out from this wonderful new song. This song is leaving me with some very big exceptions for the upcoming album, but its not like i'd expect anything less then great from a band who has delivered so well in the past.
You can hear how the band has made some changes and strides from their 2008 debut album You & I. Just listen to the wonderful track Still Fond off their debut to hear what has happened in the course of three years and also just to know how amazing these guys were for their time. The song remains one of those great indie rock tracks from when I was still being influenced heavily in alternative music.
Cut Off Your Hands – Still Fond
Categories: Song of the Day! | Tags: 2007, 2011, Alternative, Cut Off Your Hands, Electro, Gem, Hollow, Indie, Indie Rock, Music, New, New Zealand, Song of the Day, Still Fond, You & I, You Should Do Better | Permalink.


text:
This Dockerfile allows you to build a Docker image to easily deploy Django
with gunicorn and Nginx and docker.

# Quickstart

Overwrite the `configs/requirements` with your own pip requirements.

Choose your own BASE Image, and edit the `FROM` part in Dockerfile.
Also, please add anything you want to install in Dockerfile.
Then, build the image:

    docker build -t aplusplus/django .

To run this django, you need to set some environment variables:

1. `PROJECT_NAME` stands for your django project's name. You create
   your project with `django-admin.py startproject PROJECT_NAME`.
2. `SERVER_NAME` is used to set the `server_name` in `nginx-hello.conf`

Also, you need to mount some volumns:

1. `/path/to/PROJECT_NAME/:/DjangoProject/PROJECT_NAME/`
2. `/path/to/logs/:/DjangoProject/logs/`

You may want to collect your static files at first, and then run a container
from this image.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Retrogames, abandonware, freeware and classic games download for PC and Mac
The best classic and old school D games
Doom is the legendary first-person shooter created by Id Software and released for DOS in 1993. It was Id Software's follow-up to their genre-defining Wolfenstein 3D. This was the first game to popularize multiplayer for this genre.
Year: 1993 Genre: Shooter Updated: 2016-11-19Tags: 3d fps horror science fiction shoot em up texture map
Sid Meier's Civilization II
Sid Meier's Civilization II is the second chapter of the most famous turn-based strategy video game ever created. The game's objective is to "Build an empire to stand the test of time".
Year: 1996 Genre: Strategy Updated: 2018-02-11Tags: 4x business simulation management turn-based
X-COM: UFO Defense
X-COM: UFO Defense (UFO: Enemy Unknown in Europe) is a science fiction strategy game developed by Mythos Games and published by MicroProse Software (Geoff Crammond's former company) and released for Amiga and DOS in 1994.
Year: 1994 Genre: Strategy Updated: 2019-07-08Tags: aga aliens rpg elements science fiction squad management turn-based
Heroes of Might and Magic II
Heroes of Might and Magic II: The Succession Wars is a turn-based strategy game published in 1996 by the 3DO Company. It is the second installment of the Heroes of Might and Magic ...
Year: 1996 Genre: Role Playing Updated: 2017-02-18Tags: fantasy rpg elements turn-based
Ultima Underworld: The Stygian Abyss
Ultima Underworld: The Stygian Abyss is a fantasy action RPG developed by Blue Sky Productions (Looking Glass Studios) and published by Origin Systems in 1992 for DOS. It was later ported to FM Towns, Playstation and other platforms.
Year: 1992 Genre: Role Playing Updated: 2015-04-17Tags: 3d dungeon crawler fantasy first-person
Lords of the Realm II
Lords of the Realm II is a strategy meets resource management computer game developed by Impressions Games and published by Sierra On-Line in 1996. It is the second game in the Lords of the Realm series.
Year: 1996 Genre: Strategy Updated: 2016-11-13Tags: europe management medieval real-time turn-based
Master of Magic
Master of Magic is a fantasy turn-based strategy game created by Simtex and published by MicroProse in 1994 for MS-DOS. In this turn-based 4X strategy game, that some defined th...
Year: 1994 Genre: Strategy Updated: 2017-07-07Tags: 4x business simulation fantasy management turn-based
Master of Orion II: Battle at Antares
Master of Orion II: Battle At Antares, the sequel to Master of Orion, is a popular turn-based 4x space empire game designed by Steve Barcia and Ken Burd and developed by Simtex. Th...
Year: 1996 Genre: Strategy Updated: 2016-11-07Tags: 4x business simulation management science fiction turn-based
The 350th game on GamesNostalgia is our favourite game ever: Frontier: Elite II. You can download here the PC version, which had a more advanced graphics engine, featuring texture mapping, compared to the Amiga version.
Year: 1993 Genre: Simulation Updated: 2019-07-17Tags: 3d amiga original game business simulation polygons science fiction shoot em up space flight space sim texture map trading
The Oregon Trail
The Oregon Trail was developed way back in 1971 on university mainframes then jumped over to early 8-bit home computer systems. Continuing through 4 decades it has reappeared in ma...
Year: 1990 Genre: Simulation Updated: 2017-09-09Tags: business simulation educational geography history management real-time simulation text-based western
Disney's The Jungle Book
Disney's The Jungle Book is a platformer created by Virgin Interactive (aka Virgin Games) based on the 1967 Disney animated film. The team behind Aladdin (including David Bishop a...
Year: 1994 Genre: Platformer Updated: 2017-11-19Tags: 2d action-adventure cartoon fantasy movies platform
Heroes of Might and Magic is a fantasy role-playing game developed and published by New World Computing in 1995 for DOS. This game is strongly based on King's Bounty, another game by New World Computing.
Master of Orion is a 4X science fiction turn-based strategy game developed by SimTex and published by MicroProse in 1993 for Dos and Mac. This title pretty much invented 4X (explore, expand, exploit, exterminate) as a genre.
The Elder Scrolls: Arena
The Elder Scrolls: Arena is the first game in The Elder Scrolls series, it is an epic fantasy open world role-playing game developed and published by Bethesda Softworks and released in 1994 for MS-DOS.
Year: 1994 Genre: Role Playing Updated: 2018-07-17Tags: action-rpg fantasy freeware open world sandbox
Action Adventure Arcade Beat-'em-up Platformer Puzzler Racing Role Playing Shooter Simulation Sports Strategy
science fiction fantasy puzzle-solving arcade shoot em up platform amiga original game multiplayer real-time turn-based management business simulation aga graphic adventure point and click history flight
Help: Tutorial | Emulators | FAQ | Abandonware | How to donate
GamesNostalgia: Login | Changelog | About Us | Contact Us | Terms | Privacy Policy


text:
Q: Force accounts.google.com instead of localised domain for oauth flow We use OAuth from various providers to allow users to sign in and gain internet access through our public wifi.
In order to do this, we whitelist specific domains (e.g. accounts.google.com, api.twitter.com, etc) during the sign-in process and restrict everything else.
Recently, Google has started to redirect the user to a localised domain once they have signed in (e.g. accounts.google.co.uk) which is throwing a "Cannot Verify Server Identity" certificate error in the browser because the domain isn't whitelisted.
It is infeasible for us to add every possible localised Google domain to our whitelist, so is it possible to force Google OAuth to complete the full sign-in on accounts.google.com before returning the user to our OAuth endpoint?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
package tk.luoxing123.nlpcc;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import org.ansj.domain.Term;
import org.ansj.splitWord.analysis.ToAnalysis;

public class NLPCC_LINK {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException{
    	String file = "D:/nlpcc_annotation_100.tag";
    	BufferedReader reader=new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(new FileInputStream(file),"utf-8"));
    	String line; // "我是中国人"
    	EntityExtractor extract = new EntityExtractor();
    	List<Term> parse = ToAnalysis.parse("让战士们过一个欢乐祥和的新春佳节。");
        System.out.println(parse);

    	}
    }


text:
Fandom Home
'Outlander,' 'Walking Dead,' 'Vampire Diaries' Q&A's, Cosplay, Creative Panels Head Programming At Wizard World New Orleans; Most Included With Any Admission
Posted on January 1, 2019 Author Vic	Comments Off on 'Outlander,' 'Walking Dead,' 'Vampire Diaries' Q&A's, Cosplay, Creative Panels Head Programming At Wizard World New Orleans; Most Included With Any Admission
Charmed,' 'Luke Cage,' 'Power Rangers,' 'iZombie,' Mikkelsen, Gunn Q&A's, Disney Trivia, Creator Panels, Costume Contests, Cosplay Sessions, Evening Parties All Weekend Long At Morial Convention Center, Friday through Sunday
NEW ORLEANS, December 31, 2018 – Q&A sessions with the stars of "Outlander," "The Walking Dead," "Luke Cage," "Charmed," "iZombie" and "Charmed," Mads Mikkelsen(Doctor Strange), Sean Gunn (Guardians of the Galaxy), Matt Ryan ("Constantine") and more, plus anime, video games, cosplayer and comics creator sessions, adult and kids costume contests and more highlight the programming offerings at Wizard World New Orleans, Friday through Sunday, at the New Orleans Ernest N. Morial Convention Center. Most programming is included as part of the standard event admission and is in addition to the live entertainment options (dancing, music, etc.) all weekend.
Some highlights of the more than 100 hours of panels scheduled to date include:
Interactive group Q&As with the casts of "Outlander" (Sophie Skelton, Richard Rankin, Lotte Verbeek and author Diana Gabaldon; Saturday, noon); "The Walking Dead" (Michael Cudlitz, Tom Payne, Jenna Elfman, Austin Amelio, Mo Collins, Kirk Acevedo and Cailey Fleming; Friday, 7:30 p.m.); "iZombie" (Rose McIver, Malcolm Goodwin, Aly Michalka and Rahul Kohli; Saturday, 2 p.m.); "Mighty Morphin Power Rangers" (Jason Faunt and Erin Cahill; Friday, 6:30 p.m.); "Charmed" (Holly Marie Combs, Brian Krause and Drew Fuller; Sunday, 1 p.m.); "The Vampire Diaries" (Ian Somerhalder, Paul Wesley, Daniel Gillies, Zach Roerig and David Alpay ; Saturday, 5 p.m.); and "Luke Cage" (Mike Colter and Simone Missick; Saturday, 3 p.m.)
Sessions with Mikkelsen (Saturday, 5 p.m.), Gunn (Sunday, 2 p.m.); Ryan (Saturday, noon); Daniel Cudmore (The Twilight Saga; Saturday, 4 p.m.); Jason David Frank ("Mighty Morphin Power Rangers"; Saturday, 2 p.m.); and Gabaldon (Sunday, 11 a.m.)
Disney Trivia panel with Walt Before Mickey star Thomas Ian Nicholas (Rookie of the Year), moderated by Handbook for Mortals author Lani Sarem (Saturday, 3 p.m.)
Voice actor session featuring Patricia Summersett ("Legend of Zelda: The Breath of the Wild") and Scott Innes ("Scooby Doo") (Saturday, 4:30 p.m)
Creator sessions with industry superstars Dr. Travis Langley, Josh Lyman, Arthur Suydam, Joe Wos, Mostafa Moussa, Tim Lattie, Nicky Wheeler-Nicholson, Jonny Harvey, "The Pumpkin Geek" Alex Wer, Shawn Coss and more
Fan- and industry-based panels on subjects ranging from family convention attendance, YouTube, paranormal, magical girls, entrepreneurship, Star Trek, Disney, Black Panther, Terror Tales of Louisiana, fandom and community service, Cursed Hollywood and more
Drawing Disney with licensed Disney Fine Artist Clinton Hobart, including an original painting, to be raffled off to Creative Stage session attendees at the end of the show (Friday, 7:15 p.m.; Saturday, 4 p.m.; Sunday, 2 p.m.); the more sessions a fan attends, the more chances to win it
Kids programming all three days, including story time, face painting, puppet shows, dance parties, magic, learn to draw, (and Kids 10 and under are free every day with paid adult)
World-famous Wizard World Adult Costume Contest, Saturday at 7:30 p.m. and Kids Costume Contests on Saturday and Sunday at 2 p.m.
Super Sonic Speed Dating (Friday 7 p.m.; Saturday 12/2/4/6 p.m.; Sunday 11 a.m., 1/3 p.m.)
Cosplay with special guests Knightmage, Thousand Faces, Remy Domino, Ineedsugar, Missy Mayhem, Christina Dark, Cosplayme, Aretmis Wild and more, throughout the weekend
Drink & Draw hosted by Shawn Coss, for pros and amateurs alike… weirdness, drinks, drawing, and prizes (at Dat Dog, 601 Frenchmen St.; Friday, 9-11 p.m., FREE admission and $1 drinks with Wizard World wristband)
Cards Against Humanity With David Alpay, an after-hours celebration with "The Vampire Diaries" star featuring fun with everyone's favorite card game, prizes, pizza, and more (Friday 9 p.m., Saturday, 7 p.m.), require additional ticket
Cosplay and Industry Workshops (Chainmaille, Intro to Sculpting, How to Bring a Character to Life, Acting the Biz, Wiz-Art, Resin Casting), require additional ticket
Unless noted, programming events take place in the designated General Programming Rooms or show floor stages at the convention center. VIP tickets or additional costs may apply to ensure access to select activities, as noted.
A full list of Wizard World New Orleans programming is available at http://wizardworld.com/programming-entertainment/neworleans (subjects, guests, times and rooms subject to change).
Wizard World events bring together thousands of fans of all ages to celebrate the best in pop culture: movies, television, gaming, live entertainment, comics, sci-fi, graphic novels, toys, original art, collectibles, contests and more. The first event scheduled on the 2019 Wizard World calendar, New Orleans show hours are Friday, January 4, 4-9 p.m.; Saturday, January 5, 10 a.m.-7 p.m.; Sunday, January 6, 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Kids 10 and under are admitted free with paid adult.
Wizard World New Orleans is also the place for cosplay, with fans young and old showing off their best costumes throughout the event. Fans dressed as every imaginable character – and some never before dreamed – will roam the convention floor and participate in the famed Wizard World Costume Contest on Saturday evening.
About Wizard World (OTCBB: WIZD)
Wizard World, Inc. (www.wizardworld.com) produces comic, gaming and pop culture conventions across North America that celebrate the best in pop culture: movies, television, gaming, live entertainment, tech, comics, sci-fi, graphic novels, toys, original art, collectibles, contests and more. A first-class lineup of topical programming and entertainment takes place at each event, with celebrity Q&A's, comics-themed sessions, costume contests, movie screenings, evening parties and more. Wizard World has also teamed with Sony Pictures Entertainment to find the next generation of movies as well as to engage in a number of strategic initiatives. Additional initiatives may include an augmented touring schedule of Wizard World shows, fixed-site installations, curated e-commerce, and the production and distribution of content both in the U.S. and internationally. Fans can interact with Wizard World at www.wizardworld.com and on Facebook, Twitter, Pinterest, Instagram and other social media services.
The 2019 Wizard World convention schedule is available at: http://www.wizardworld.com/comiccon.
Tagged comic con, how do i, new orleans, pop culture, programming, where do i, wizard world
Red Vs Blue Shisno Paradox Blu-Ray Review
Artist of the Month Jan 2019


'Return', actor Tom E Lewis, a Murrungun man, returns to his grandmother's country to learn the songs of his ancestors. By Philip Myers, 2016.
49 works chosen from 3000 entries – choosing the final 49 would have been a super hard job. Photographic portraits taken by Australian photographers – this is definitely one to go to.


The concept of sidestepping the banks is an appealing one at present. At Funding Circle, people directly lend their money to small businesses in the UK, supporting the core of the economy in the process. Investors lend from as little as £20 and spread their risk by lending to hundreds of different companies, while businesses gain access to fast finance.
The co-founders are hoping Funding Circle can gain a share of the small business lending market, worth approximately £75bn. So too are its investors who include Carphone Warehouse's Sir Charles Dunstone, Betfair founder Ed Wray, Union Square Ventures and Index Ventures. A total of £13.2m has been invested in Funding Circle since the business launched two years ago. The platform has already signed up over 20,000 members, with a total of more than £50 million lent small businesses.


Early childhood, beginning in infancy, is a period of profound advances in reasoning, language acquisition, and problem solving, and importantly, a child's environment can dramatically influence the degree and pace of these advances. By supporting development when children are very young, early childhood development and education programs can complement parental investments and produce large benefits to children, parents, and society.
An analysis by the President's Council of Economic Advisers describes the economic returns to investments in childhood development and early education. Some of these benefits, such as increases in parental earnings and employment, are realized immediately, while other benefits, such as greater educational attainment and earnings, are realized later when children reach adulthood. Intotal,theexistingresearchsuggestsexpandingearlylearninginitiativeswould provide benefits to society of roughly $8.60 for every $1 spent, about half of which comes from increased earnings for children when they grow up.


Builders in Birmingham, B44 0NE. Covering Birmingham Arterial and all areas within 15km of Birmingham.
D&J Advanced Builders is a well established, reliable and trustworthy company with over 25 years' experience. We are based in Birmingham, covering Birmingham Arterial and all areas within 15km of Birmingham.
"Total re-plaster of kitchen, completed quickly and to a high standard."
"A very professional job carried out, very good builders"
"The guys were very nice and explained everything that they were doing along the way. Extremely hardworking. Excellent communication throughout."


text:
Q: How to give Priority to Finish Build Trigger rather than VCS trigger in TeamCity I'm Using TeamCity 9.0.3 for my .net Projects in TFS Soure Code . We have Build Projects each dependent on another. Lets say Build A, B, C, D & E. and I had Setup two Triggers Finish Build Trigger and VCS Trigger for all Projects and also dependencies.
If there is a VCS change in Build C its checking for Dependencies for Build B and C for a Suitable One and then Triggering the Downstream Projects D & E. But in Between if any Devreloper Check-in done then the build Chain is Totally Screwed up.
What I exactly need is if a Build is Running with Finish build trigger, the Build Triggered with VCS Trigger Should wait untill the first Build chain is Completed.
Is there any Priority to set like that?


Submitted by mark on Friday, October 25th, 2013 at 3:32 pm.
"Cushla Norman considers the challenges posed by the new requirements to strengthen earthquake prone buildings."
Submitted by mark on Sunday, April 7th, 2013 at 12:48 pm.
John Daniels (Chair Historic Places Wellington) provides commentary as a former Head of the New Zealand Historic Places Trust.
Submitted by mark on Tuesday, June 26th, 2012 at 6:40 pm.
Whilst "Its Our City" does not concentrate on Heritage exclusively it is covered in the many of the interviews.
The podcasts of the interviews are available for download at Its Our City.


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go to llouth & Jlanniter's.
undershirts at Koutli fc lkuinistcr's.
xt to you wc knov you th:uk us.
Send your onler there, or go liretly.
Just receives I at llouth & Rannister's.
lib re?M nee In Wiiuhe-ter.
who mourn Iii4 untimely death. Mr.
ling of fire a nm.
Mayer's cheap dry goods store.
some of tin same kind for sale.
ts! on a superior quality of paper.
track, advocating the same principles.
till U tter. I'll trade there.
trade. We have the assurance of Mr.
cheaper than any of hN ncighlorj.
Nr.w ipoih at Kouth& KanuMcrV.
ner. Mr. 8taggf of Indianapolis, Dr.
over till next week, for want of room.
dal, Harmon A Co., of Dayton, Ohio.
patterns. Mattings, rugs, wall papers.
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promised to be present W.
cents to two dollars each.
who try it will reap a rich reward.
Sonders & Co., ar1 try it.
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and 131 Readc Street, New York.
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where. East side of Public Square.
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text:
The New Kings (Marillion, 2016)
"The New Kings" was a Marillion fans' favourite from the very start and for many good reasons, IMHO. Firstly, the leading melodies are excellent, enjoyable and far from trivial. Secondly, the plot of this suite, divided into four movements, is coherent and diversified. Thirdly, the instrumentation is rich and intriguing, including a string quartet, a hammered dulcimer (played by Hogarth) and some beautiful backing vocals.
"The New Kings" was the F.E.A.R. album leading single.
Last but not least, the lyrics about the illegal gain underworld are topical like never before. The warm and well mixed acoustic / electric sounds are fascinating and richly arranged, full of sharp changes and liquid solos, the way Marillion have to be both classic and modern. After all, the F.E.A.R. album is likely the band's proggest work in twenty years... excellent news, no doubt.
Etichette: 10s, 2016, Marillion, suite, UK
King of Hearts (Drifting Sun, 2016)
A little neo-prog today. Drifting Sun are an International band including French, British and American members and based in the UK. I happen to like their rather eclectic approach to a sub-genre usually considered as an immutable canon. Listening to this song, taken from these musicians' "Safe Asylum" album, you'll find some Fish-era Marillion and IQ hints, but also a sprinkling of metal riffs and some Asia-like epic sounds.
"Safe Asylum" was Drifting Sun's fourth studio album.
The melodies are well found and the ever changing arrangements add a less predictable side to this band's music. Peter Falconer's vocals perfectly match with the music and its contrast-based pattern, while the rest of the band plays as one, even if some very good solos and even better duos enrich the track. In short, if ever you're into enjoyable, creative and inspiring (neo-)prog, this song and this band were made for you. Anyway, they surely were for me.
Etichette: 10s, 2016, Drifting Sun, Multi-National


Question: A town builds a bridge, but this bridge can only hold three people at a time or it will collapse. One night, a baker, a flourist and a butcher go on the bridge, and it collapses. Why did it collapse?
Answer: One night , as in a knight , goes on the bridge with the other three people, therefore four people go on the bridge making it collapse.


Currently the cheapest i can find for these. Come in 3 different coulors and delivery is free. Always worth having a decent quality helmet!
The very popular HJC R-PHA Motocross helmets are back with a revived collection of designs and graphics and the Silverbolt is part of this new range. If you are looking for a high specification off road Motocross helmet that looks sleek and stylish then the HJC R-PHA X Silverbolt Motocross Helmet is a high quality off road helmet which would make an excellent choice. Packed with amazing features such as COOL4EVER interiors, Premiuim Integrated Matrix (PIM) Construction and an optimised ventilation system, designed to work with its aerodynamics, this lightweight RPHA helmet offers superb protection and comfort with a contemporary, modern, superior look. Get yours from GhostBikes today!
I bought one of these a few months back when they were £150, and I thought that was a great deal, but this is even better still.
Good lid, and I'm very particular about my lids.
Great quality product and long lasting needless to say it is an absolutely great deal price wise as I bought this particular one for 170!!!
Great price for a decent offroad lid!
OK if.you are only using it off road....looks daft if using it on the road.
Normally moped boys wear them.