text:
Why what happened happened
Essential Research chances its arm at some post-election analysis. Also featured: musings on the impact of religion and ethnicity on the result.
The first pollster to put its head above the parapet post-election has been Essential Research, though it's sensibly refraining from treating us to voting intention results for the time being. As reported in The Guardian yesterday, the pollster's fortnightly survey focused on what respondents did do rather than what they would do, finding 48% saying their decision was made well in advance of the election, 26% saying they made up their mind in the weeks before the election, and 11% saying they made up their mind on polling day. Lest this seemingly high rate of indecision be cited as an alibi for pollster failure, the historical results of the Australian National University's Australian Election Study – which you can find displayed on page 18 here – suggest these numbers to be in no way out of the ordinary.
The poll also found those who decided in the final weeks came down 40% for the Coalition and 31% for Labor. However, assuming the sample for this poll was as per the Essential norm of between 1000 and 1100 (which I hope to be able to verify later today), the margin of error on this subset of the total sample would have been over 5%, making these numbers statistically indistinguishable from the almost-final national primary vote totals of 41.4% for the Coalition and 33.3% for Labor. This goes double for the finding that those who decided on election day went Coalition 38% and Labor 27%, remembering this counted for only 11% of the sample.
Perhaps notable is a finding that only 22% of respondents said they had played "close attention" to the election campaign, which compares with results of between 30% and 40% for the Australian Election Study's almost equivalent response for "a good deal of interest in the election" between 1996 and 2016. Forty-four per cent said they had paid little or no attention, and 34% some attention. These findings may be relevant to the notion that the pollsters failed because they had too many politically engaged respondents in their sample. The Guardian reports breakdowns were provided on this question for voters at different levels of education – perhaps the fact that this question was asked signifies that they will seek to redress the problem by weighting for this in future.
Also featured are unsurprising findings on issue salience, with those more concerned with economic management tending to favour the Coalition, and those prioritising education and climate change favouring Labor and the Greens.
In other post-election analysis news, the Grattan Institute offers further data illustrating some now familiar themes: the high-income areas swung against the Coalition, whereas low-to-middle income ones went solidly the other way; areas with low tertiary education swung to the Coalition, although less so in Victoria than New South Wales and Queensland.
Another popular notion is that Labor owes its defeat to a loss of support among religious voters, as a hangover from the same-sex marriage referendum and, in what may have been a sleeper issue at the cultural level, the Israel Folau controversy. Chris Bowen said in the wake of the defeat that he had encountered a view that "people of faith no longer feel that progressive politics cares about them", and The Australian reported on Saturday that Labor MPs believed Bill Shorten blundered in castigating Scott Morrison for declining to affirm that he did not believe gay people would go to hell.
In reviewing Labor's apparent under-performance among ethnic communities in Sydney and Melbourne, Andrew Jakubowicz and Christina Ho in The Conversation downplay the impact of religious factors, pointing to a precipitous decline in support for Christian minor parties, and propose that Labor's promised expansion of parental reunion visas backfired on them. Intended to capture the Chinese vote in Chisholm, Banks and Reid, the actual effect was to encourage notions of an imminent influx of Muslim immigrants, "scaring both non-Muslim ethnic and non-ethnic voters".
However, I'm not clear what this is based on, beyond the fact that the Liberals did a lot better in Banks than they did in neighbouring Barton, home to "very much higher numbers of South Asian and Muslim residents". Two things may be said in response to this. One is that the nation's most Islamic electorate, Watson and Blaxland, recorded swings of 4% to 5% to the Liberals, no different from Banks. The other is that the boundary between Banks and Barton runs right through the Chinese enclave of Hurstville, but voters on either side of the line behaved very differently. The Hurstville pre-poll voting centre, which serviced both electorates, recorded a 4.8% swing to Labor for Barton, and a 5.7% swing to Liberal for Banks. This may suggest that sitting member factors played an important role, and are perhaps of particular significance for Chinese voters.
Author William BowePosted on Wednesday, June 5, 2019 Thursday, June 6, 2019 Categories Federal Election 2019, Federal Politics 2016-2019
1,732 comments on "Why what happened happened"
Wednesday, June 5, 2019 at 10:26 am
Sussan Ley absolving the government of all responsibility. It seems that listening not acting is the new black.
@RNBreakfast
@sussanley "I intend to be an [environment minister] that listens … and will promote local, recycling, landcare, farmers and the practical things that individuals can do, rather than looking at governments". #auspol
Lizzie – I also don't get the deep antipathy some people have towards Shorten. Like you I was not at all inspired but pretty much neutral about him. The way he presented often, but not always, lacked conviction, but to me that was more about style than substance. And yes of course, to win elections, the style thing unfortunately plays a role. I always thought, and still do think, that he had the potential to be a good Labor PM. I think it's a bit like Dan Andrews – he was also pretty nondescript as Opposition Leader – but the authority of office has made a big difference to the way he's perceived.
John Howard was also viewed as yesterday's man, and a boring suburban solicitor until after his second stint as opposition leader he led the coalition to victory. Jeff Kennet, who'd been Opposition Leader for 10 years was considered a clown and a joke until he won his landslide victory in 1992.
History alters perceptions.
Mavis Davis says:
['Victorian Bar president Matt Collins, QC, a barrister regularly before the Court of Appeal, said it was possible the case could end up before the High Court, if the unsuccessful party wants to challenge the Court of Appeal's decision.']
That's stating the bleeding obvious.
Millennial says:
My view on why Labor lost the election is Occam's Razor.
Labor was Change and the Liberals were the Status Quo.
People didn't want Change so they voted Status Quo.
C@tmomma says:
briefly @ #99 Wednesday, June 5th, 2019 – 10:19 am
The Right were determined to destroy Shorten. The Blues and the Greens were right into it. They still are.
And nath has moved swiftly along to demonising Unions now, specifically via targeting the SDA. But it blackguards the association between unions and Labor in general in a knock-on effect.
mundo says:
lizzie @ #101 Wednesday, June 5th, 2019 – 10:26 am
Doing whatever the coalition wants when it wants and how it wants is the new black.
It's not like anyone's pushing back.
mundo @ #106 Wednesday, June 5th, 2019 – 10:43 am
For the enjoyment of adrian, Barney, and other pedants like me. 🙂
https://medium.com/s/story/close-proximity-end-result-and-more-redundant-words-to-delete-from-your-writing-3258be693a3d
Millennial @ #104 Wednesday, June 5th, 2019 – 10:33 am
My view is that for the brief time voters were paying any attention at all the Liberal ads scared the shit out of them.
It ain't rocket science, and the tories know it.
Labor on the other hand had their little chemistry set out and their Bunsen burners glowing under the potions with the maps and charts all rolled out….
imacca says:
Oh…did parliament go back and i didn't notice??
Former attorney-general George Brandis, who is now Australia's High Commissioner in London, said on Tuesday he had been "teased" by members of the royal family – as well as British politicians – "about the frequency with which there was a turnover of prime ministers in Australia".
He also said he was now happy to assure them the new Australian government had a clear and stable majority "and the prime minister has absolute and commanding authority in the government party room".
Can't wait for the next rebellion, then. 😆
C@tmomma
Bullshit. Removing the SDA from the ACTU and the ALP would be a terrific first start in strengthening both movements.
You have to make the case for change, not just say you're bringing it.
And the best way to do that is to make the other side out to be incompetent, immoral, corrupt if not downright criminal, and responsible for the imminent ruination of us all. Basically to declare the current goverment irrevocably broken.
Labor, unfortunately, didn't prosecute that case. They made "the big end of town" the enemy instead of "this incompetent, corrupt, shambolic government that's intent on sending us all to the poor-house".
Labor's support for the legislation, which the government has vowed to repeal as a priority when parliament resumes next month, hinges on the successful provision of urgent medical care for sick refugees and the fact that the minister retains discretion to refuse entry of an individual on security grounds.
"These changes ensure sick people in offshore processing centres can receive the medical care they need, without compromising our strong border protection arrangements," Keneally told Guardian Australia.
"(And) the minister has full powers to reject a transfer on security and serious criminality grounds."
From this, I take it that Duttton can still refuse treatment on jumped up suspicions. It seems a reasonable caveat until you remember Dutton's character.
https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/jun/05/labors-new-leadership-team-stays-firm-in-support-of-medevac-law?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other
imacca @ #110 Wednesday, June 5th, 2019 – 10:54 am
Oh I forgot. Everyone pays attention to what happens in parliament.
a r @ #113 Wednesday, June 5th, 2019 – 11:06 am
Exactly, and that is something that needs to be prosecuted every day. Not merely during sitting sessions.
briefly says:
The Greens get the environmental policies for which they were angling. Doubtless they will not take issue with the Blues. Rather, they will attack Labor.
Remember the bulk stores – was it the nineties?
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/jun/04/packaging-free-trial-waitrose-hits-the-ground-running
I disagree generally with the concept of ministerial discretion, and certainly with decisions related to medical treatment being subject to ministerial discretion. A government minister is not a (practicing) doctor and has not medically assessed the patient. They should have no say in whether or not someone comes to Australia if actual doctors have assessed the patient and agree that they can only be properly treated in Australia.
Leave it up to a minister to decide whether or not armed guards should follow the patient around 24/7. But don't give a politician with no medical knowledge the authority to refuse medical treatment to someone who needs it. That's just farcical and cruel.
Labor's decision to divide the job of Indigenous affairs in two – between program delivery and the big picture issues of constitutional reform and a voice to parliament – is a "very powerful thing to do", according to the ALP's new spokesperson on Indigenous Australians, Linda Burney.
"The thinking around it was that quite often one person trying to do nation-building on top of social justice issues becomes too big," Burney said. "The issues around the Uluru statement are a very high priority."
Burney will take the lead on Closing the Gap targets like health, housing and education, while the high rate of suicide in Indigenous communities requires particular focus.
"The government has to go beyond, to solutions. It's all very well to wring your hands and say it's terrible but unless you're willing to invest in early intervention, prevention and servicing families, then you're not going to really change very much," she said.
"The answers are out there, if we are about to talk to the right people, and listen to the right people, and trust the Aboriginal community-based organisations who are good deliverers of these programs," she said.
Burney agreed there is hope for collaboration on Indigenous affairs with Wyatt as minister, "but I don't like the idea that to try and reach bipartisanship it should be a race to the bottom. Bipartisanship should be about the best outcome, not just distilling to where you can agree with things."
https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2019/jun/05/pat-dodson-urges-coalition-to-deal-with-indigenous-voice-to-parliament-and-referendum
The calls for a more combative approach from Labor are all well and good. They overlook the response of voters to political fighting – they hate it. Labor tried to run more polite politics, to no avail.
That's just farcical and cruel.
Yup, that's the Coalition.
I suspect Labor had to agree to that bit to let the legislation through.
For the Liberals, very sick asylum-seekers are a windfall gain. They can display even more cruelty than usual. By refusing care to the stricken, they can show how truly vengeful they are willing to be. They like conspicuous punishments, especially of the powerless and voiceless. There's nothing quite like arbitrary cruelty. It's a Lib special.
The Greens, who ensured the human hell-holes on Manus and Nauru would come into existence, can take special pride in the part they played in this. Not so long ago, their leader was willing to vote with the Liberals to prevent the passage of the Medevac Bill. They will give a pass to cruelty anytime.
Holden Hillbilly says:
Australian Federal Police are carrying out a raid on the ABC headquarters in the inner-Sydney suburb of Ultimo.
Three officers entered the Harris Street building just before 11:30am. The plain clothed offices have been met by ABC security and staff in the lobby area of the ABC Ultimo Centre.
https://www.smh.com.au/national/australian-federal-police-raid-abc-headquarters-at-sydney-s-ultimo-20190605-p51uof.html
The Blue-Green State in action.
What in the world are we coming to?
The greatest politician in the world holding the greatest macroeconomics text book in the world:
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-05-31/a-600-page-textbook-about-modern-monetary-theory-has-sold-out
lefty e says:
Home Affairs intimidating journalists for exposing their surveillance over reach. Even News Corp concerned.
https://www.news.com.au/national/politics/australian-federal-police-raid-political-editor-annika-smethursts-home-over-spy-story/news-story/135c27ced2becde0333c0ef61d901007
So much for freedom of the press. This is what happens when you put a QLD copper in charge. There's a reason we keep them on a very short leash up north. Expect abuses of power to continue.
Where's Ita?????
Why is it now (not long after the election) that Dutton has sicced the AFP onto this issue?
A raid by the Australian Federal Police is underway at the ABC offices in Sydney, over a series of 2017 stories known as The Afghan Files.
The stories, by ABC investigative journalists Dan Oakes and Sam Clark, revealed allegations of unlawful killings and misconduct by Australian special forces in Afghanistan.
The search warrant names Mr Oakes, Mr Clark and ABC's director of News Gaven Morris.
The raid comes one day after the AFP executed search warrants on the home of a News Corp journalist who had reported on secret plans to allow government spying.
@TheLyonsDen
AFP RAID: we've gone to level 12 where ABC lawyers (and me) meeting the three AFP officers to discuss the warrant which they are executing. Three journalists named on warrant. More to come…
Dan Gulberry says:
lefty e @ #128 Wednesday, June 5th, 2019 – 9:42 am
This is what happens when you put a QLD copper in charge.
It doesn't help when you have a spineless opposition that waves all matters on "security" through parliament.
TPOF says:
For a number of reasons directly related to the postings here I don't spend much time here anymore.
There are two in particular.
One is the interminable Greens-Labor war.
The other is the ugly thing that calls itself nath shitting stinking faeces on every page. The latter makes me want to throw up. I've got better things to do than to read a troll or responses to the vile troll.
The Green leader, RdN, is a medical practitioner. He could be expected to know that medical treatment is beyond politics. But he was quite prepared to put his political campaign ahead of the medical needs of the vulnerable with respect to the Medevac Bill. Why would he do this? So he could prosecute the Green's Anti-Labor campaign. Why would he do this? Why? Because no price is too great if it means Labor can be disabled.
The Greens are accomplices of Dutton and the other Liberals. They are the co-authors of the cruelties of the Liberals.
6m6 minutes ago
AFP RAID: ABC lawyers ask whether there is any connection with raid on News Corp's @annikasmethurst yesterday. AFP say no.
Now the election is over, release the dog of war.
Sceptic says:
Powdering her nose in the toilet hoping no one will find her
Jason Om ✊ ✊ ✊
@jason_om
BREAKING We're being raided by the cops. AFP just arrived at Ultimo HQ going up the executive side of the building. The raid is over a series of stories known as The Afghan Files from 2017. Search warrants for Dan Oakes, Sam Clark and our news director Gaven Morris #auspol
Bob Brown's dystopia.
More intimidation of journalists from the Morrison government… where are the opposition comments on this sharply authoritarian turn?
TPOF
I sympathise, but blocks are useful. 🙂
Now that the election is out of the way Scott/ Dutton black shirts will gather all the dissidents & put them in Sydney Olympic stadium .
Oh how the ABC will regret all those years of kowtowing to the Libs.
I feel as if we are back in the days of Reds under the Bed.
Randall Wray:
From the MMT perspective, what Japan needs is a good fiscal stimulus, albeit one that is targeted.[i] Japan has three "injections" into the economy: the fiscal deficit (which has fallen from 7% of GDP to about 5% over the past few years—still a substantial injection), the current account surplus, and private investment. But what it needs is stronger growth of domestic consumer demand—which would also stimulate investment directed to home consumption. So fiscal policy ought to be targeted to spending that would increase economic security of Japanese households to the point that they'd increase consumer spending.
So what is Prime Minister Abe's announced plan? To raise the sales tax to squelch consumption and reduce economic growth.
You cannot make this up.
This has been Japan's policy for a whole generation. Any time it looks like the economy might break out of its long-term stagnation, policy makers impose austerity in an attempt to reduce the fiscal deficit—and thereby throw the economy back into its permanent recession.
Clearly, this is the precise opposite to the MMT recommendation. And yet pundits proclaim Japan has been following MMT policy all these years.
Why? Because Japan has run big fiscal deficits. As if MMT's policy goal is big government deficits and debt ratios.
No. We see the budget as a tool to pursue the public interest—things like full employment, inclusive and sustainable growth. To be sure, by many reasonable measures Japan does OK in spite of policy mistakes. Certainly in comparison to the USA, Japan looks pretty good: good and accessible healthcare, low infant mortality, long lifespans, low measured unemployment, and much less inequality and poverty. But Japan could do better if it actually did adopt the MMT view that the budgetary outcome by itself is not an important issue.
But, no, the Japanese officials are falling all over themselves to make it clear that they will never adopt MMT. Finance Minister Taro Aso called MMT "an extreme idea and dangerous as it would weaken fiscal discipline".
One wonders how a reporter could listen to that without bursting out in laughter. Japan's "fiscal discipline" would be threatened by MMT? The debt ratio is already approaching 250%! By conventional measures, Japan has the worst fiscal discipline the world has ever seen!
But, wait, it gets even funnier. "BOJ policy board member Yutaka Harada kept up the attack on MMT. The approach proposed by MMT will 'cause [runaway] inflation for sure'. " https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/Growing-Modern-Monetary-Theory-debate-rattles-Japan-officials
The BOJ has done everything it could think of for the past quarter century to get the inflation rate up to 2%. Quadrillions of QE. Negative interest rates. And the BOJ thinks MMT could produce runaway inflation? I doubt that even Weimar's Reichsbank could cause high inflation in Japan.
OK, that's a cheap shot at Japan's policymakers.
What they do not understand is that there are two ways to produce a high deficit (and debt) ratio: the ugly way and the good way. MMT has been arguing this for a long time, but with little progress in promoting understanding. I think that the main reason is because we've been using plain English. Economists are not good at reading for comprehension. They need pictures and math.
Perhaps the following will help.
Yes, I gave it a name. There's the Laffer Curve, the Phillips Curve, and now the Wray Curve. I didn't draw it on a cocktail napkin at a bar, but, rather, jotted it down on a note pad before bed last night.
Assume the economy is at Point A—for Japan this would represent a 5% deficit ratio and a 1% rate of growth. Now PM Abe imposes a consumption tax, or the USA plummets into a downturn, reducing Japan's growth rate. The economy moves up and to the left toward Point B as growth slows and the deficit ratio rises.
Slower growth reduces tax revenue even as it scares households and firms, which reduce spending in an effort to build up savings. The slower growth also reduces imports so the current account "improves" somewhat. From the sectoral balance perspective, the government's balance moves further into deficit (to, say, a 7% fiscal deficit), the current account surplus rises (say from 4 to 5%) and the private sector's surplus grows to 12% (the sum of the other two balances).
That's the ugly way to increase a fiscal deficit. It is the Japanese way. It is like a perpetual bleeding of the patient in the hope that further blood loss will cure her ills.
What is the MMT alternative? Measured and targeted stimulus designed to restore confidence of firms and households. Ramp up the Social Security safety net to assure the Japanese people that they will be taken care of in their old age. Recreate a commitment to secure jobs and decent pay. Either promote births or encourage immigration to replace the declining workforce. Undertake a Green New Deal to transition to a carbon-free future.
In that case we move along the curve from Point A toward Point C. The fiscal deficit increases in the "good" way, while growth improves.
Note, however, that the boost to the deficit will only be temporary. Households and firms will begin to spend and their surplus will fall. The current account surplus will fall, too, as imports rise. Tax revenues will increase—not because rates rise but because income increases. The fiscal deficit will fall as the domestic private surpluses decline. Precisely how much the deficit will fall depends on the movement of the private surplus and current account surplus—with the deficit falling to equality with the sum.
In terms of the graph above, the Wray Curve shifts out to the right. Point A will be consistent with a higher rate of growth for a given deficit ratio. There's nothing "natural" about the deficit ratio at Point A—as it depends on the other two sectoral balances.
For the USA, Point A is consistent with a higher growth rate but probably a similar deficit ratio to that of Japan. Our current account balance is of course negative—which implies a higher fiscal deficit. However, our private sector's surplus is smaller than Japan's for any given growth rate—which implies a lower fiscal deficit. The two essentially offset one another to leave the US deficit ratio at about 5% but with higher growth than Japan.
Note that we are not proposing a sort of Reverse Laffer Curve. Recall that the Laffer Curve says that tax cuts more than "pay for themselves"—trickle-down growth boosts revenue sufficiently to close a fiscal deficit. I am not arguing that the stimulative increase of government spending will increase tax revenue so much that the deficit ratio returns to its original level (or less). Where it actually ends up depends on movements of the two other sectoral balances.
Not that the size of the deficit—by itself—is important. What is important is whether government budget policy helps in the pursuit of the public and private interests. The deficit will always adjust to be "just the right size" to balance the other two sectoral balances. But that equality can be consistent with any growth rate—including a rate that is too low (deflationary) or too high (inflationary).
And the sectoral balance equality holds with any fiscal deficit ratio. So while it is likely that a successful stimulus will shift the Wray Curve out to the right, we cannot predict exactly where the new fiscal deficit ratio will settle as the growth rate rises.
What is most important about this graph is the recognition that there are (at least) two different growth rates consistent with a given deficit ratio. We can achieve a particular growth rate either in the "ugly" way or in the "good" way—while generating the same deficit ratio. Japan continually operates its economy to produce "ugly" deficits—precisely because it fears fiscal expansion.
For further discussion of fiscal deficits along these lines, see the new textbook by Mitchell, Wray and Watts, Macroeconomics (Macmillan International, Red Globe Press), Chapter 8, and especially pp. 124-128.
http://neweconomicperspectives.org/2019/06/japan-does-mmt.html?fbclid=IwAR0dfIjCNw7zuUPek3MGazTNb5ycrHybdrQyGcuRWHyV23v6GSvksN4B-ic
The Greens deserve a special mention. They campaigned well. They campaigned true. They helped deliver a win for the worst government in living memory. Their reward will be the construction of the Galilee Railway and a new coal-fired power plant in Queensland. They will have their wedges, paid for by the taxpayers.
The new Minister for the Environment, the entirely docile Sussan Ley, is already acting on the Green policies, which is to do exactly nothing whatsoever that might make a difference to anything.
1m1 minute ago
AFP RAID: AFP say that they will confine their search to "very specific matters" when I say that we are extremely concerned that they are going to try for widespread access to emails and correspondence.
Considering the role the media played in handing the election to Morrison, I'd not be surprised if the opposition is enjoying schadenfreude. And fair enough, too.
The media should take note; you reap what you sow. Back fascists and you get fascism.
The government didn't get the idea it could bully the media in a vacuum. News helped create this culture with its anti-ABC vendetta.
Darc says:
Wednesday, June 5, 2019 at 12:00 pm
I remember shopping with my mum at Jack the Slasher in Brisbane in my 'yoof'. That would make it mid-late '70s and early '80s.
Doesn't time fly! But we do need to go back to a less wasteful style of living.
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Contaminated soils, sediments, and water. Volume 9, Science in the real world [electronic resource] / edited by Edward J. Calabrese, Paul T. Kostecki, James Dragun.
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I'm hoping he is the missing link for us, seemed to have potential in his little cameo before injury.
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text:
Tehran, Ankara and Moscow Reach Agreement over Syria's Idlib
Ahmad Majidyar
Iran, Turkey and Russia have agreed to establish the fourth de-escalation zone in Syria's Idlib Province, according to a joint statement issued by the three countries at the end of the sixth round of talks in Kazakhstan today. Iranian media published the full text of the statement in Farsi and English. The other three zones include parts of the provinces of Homs, Latakia, Aleppo and Hama as well as eastern Ghouta. Tehran, Moscow and Ankara – the three guarantor states of Syria's ceasefire agreements and peace talks – will also form a joint coordination center and deploy monitors to oversee the enforcement of the plan and prevent any potential clashes between pro-regime and opposition forces.
The joint statement reiterated a "strong commitment to the sovereignty, independence, unity and territorial integrity of the Syrian Arab Republic." It emphasized that the de-escalation zones will be a "temporary measure" for an initial period of six months but can be extended. While the statement stressed the need to continue the fight against the Islamic State, a-Nusra Front and their associates, it called on all other "conflicting parties, representatives of the Syrian opposition and civil society to use emerging favorable conditions to step up efforts to give impetus to the intra-Syrian dialogue and advance the UN-led political process in Geneva as well as other initiatives, and to do so on an urgent basis."
The next round of talks will be held in Kazakhstan at the end of next month. Representatives from the Syrian government and opposition groups also participated in the talks. And the United States had an observer status in the two-day talks in Astana. More than two million people are said to be living in areas covered by these de-escalation zones.
Comment: While the agreement on Idlib is an important development in the Syrian war, its successful implementation is far from guaranteed. Unlike the other three de-escalation zones, Idlib is a major stronghold of a jihadist umbrella of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, which is not party to the deal. Ahrar al-Sham, a Turkey-backed rebel group with a sizable presence in Idlib, also did not take part in the Astana talks. In addition, there is deep mistrust between the Syrian government and opposition groups that did take part in the talks. Without a political framework and progress in the Geneva talks, any de-escalation of violence will be fragile and temporary.
Another factor that threatens the viability of the Idlib deal is that the presence of Iranian-led forces in Idlib could trigger serious backlash from opposition and local armed groups.
It is also worth noting that the Syrian Army and Iranian-led forces have repeatedly violated the terms of other Russian-sponsored ceasefire agreements in the past. And there is no guarantee Damascus and Tehran will adhere to the letter of the deal this time. Turkish media reports that Ankara is set to deploy thousands of troops in Idlib to monitor the situation along its borders – a move Damascus strongly opposes.
While all technical details about Idlib have not been sketched out, Yeni Safak, a pro-Turkish government daily, claimed that Idlib will be divided into three separate operational zones – with Turkish forces and opposition groups stationed in the northwest region near the Turkish border, whereas the Syrian and Iranian forces will be deployed to the southeast. Russian forces are said to be deployed to areas between the two zones.
Turkey, Iran and Russia failed to reach an agreement over Idlib in the last round of Astana talks. But Iranian officials said this week that expert meetings between representatives of the three countries in Ankara and Moscow helped resolve some of existing differences that precluded a deal last time.
The agreement in Idlib is also the latest indication that Ankara and Tehran are taking tangible steps to reconcile some of their differences and cooperate more to accomodate each other's interests and concerns in regional conflicts.
Alexey Khlebnikov
Shale oil and the illusion of US energy independence
Ruba Husari
The UAE drawdown in Yemen is a welcome step, but it needs to be reciprocated
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Mar 28, 2015: Huffington Post: Disciples Of Christ Church Threatens A Boycott Over New Indiana Bill That Allows LGBT Discrimination
"Purportedly a matter of religious freedom, we find RFRA contrary to the values of our faith — as well as to our national and Hoosier values," stated the letter, which was signed by Sharon E. Watkins, the church's general minister and president, as well as the leaders of its overseas and domestic missions.
Rev. Dr. Sharon E. Watkins serves as General Minister and President of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) in the United States and Canada. As General Minister, she is general pastor of the denomination, responsible for representing the wholeness of the church, for reconciling differences, and for helping the church retain its clarity of mission and identity. Her work includes interpreting The Design of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) and convening tables for cooperative work.
Dr. Watkins has an extensive background of service both in this country and abroad. She is a member of the Central Committee of the World Council of Churches based in Geneva, having been re-elected to that body during the 2013 assembly in Busan, Republic of Korea. As chair of the WCC programme committee, she also serves on the executive committee. She served for two years as a missionary in the Congo early in her professional career, working on adult literacy programs. In 2008, she returned to the Congo, renewing her ties with the Community of Disciples of Christ in Congo there. She serves on the National Council of Church's governing board, based in Washington, DC. In 2014 she serves as Chair-Elect for that board. Dr. Watkins also a former board member of Sojourners, a Washington, DC based group which seeks to build a movement that puts faith to work for justice.
At the invitation of then President-Elect Barack Obama, Dr. Watkins preached at the National Prayer Service in Washington, D.C. on January 21, 2009, the day after his inauguration. She also served a term on President Obama's Advisory Council on Faith-Based and Neighborhood Partnerships and offered the call to worship at the President's second National Prayer Service in 2013. She is former pastor of Disciples Christian Church in Bartlesville, Okla. where she served for eight years. In the academic world, she held positions as Director of Student Services at Phillips Theological Seminary in Oklahoma and Associate Vice-President for University Relations at Phillips University. She has been a member of the Church's General Board Task Force on Reconciliation Mission, Moderator of the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) in Oklahoma, and part of the Stone-Campbell Dialogue Group, which looks, in part, at the traditions and history of the Disciples. She also served as pastor of Boone Grove Christian Church (Disciples of Christ) in Boone Grove, Ind., and Assistant Minister at Spring Glen Church (United Church of Christ) in Hamden, Conn.


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10.03.2017// Michelle Lemieux, MSc Candidate, Walker Lab
Nano and traditional phosphate fertilizers:
exploring their effects on microbiomes and plant growth
Out of necessity, plant nutrient requirements must be locally met, which explains the importance of soil fertility and soil microbiome community structure. Soil communities were examined in long-term maintained fertilizer and warming treatments in the Arctic tundra. The microbiomes associated with Arctic birch (Betula glandulosa) within the 5 treatment plots (control, high nitrogen (N), high phosphorus (P), high N and P, and warming) near Daring Lake, NWT were sampled. Microbiome analysis of bacterial and fungal communities with 16s rRNA and ITS analysis respectively, showed some differences in bacterial communities with an increase in the family Xanthomonadaceae present in the N & P treatment, while control and warming treatments showed similar soil microbiome structures. Fungal analysis showed an increase in the genus Thelephora in the high P treatment.
Microbial communities and plant growth were analyzed in the presence of nano-phosphate fertilizer. Nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) has been proposed as a more environmentally friendly and more efficient method of P-fertilization. nHA, characterized to be needle-like in shape and ~35 nm in width, was used to evaluate the impact on early microbiome establishment in soybean (Glycine max) in an agriculturally realistic manner. The V4 region of bacterial 16s rRNA was used to determine the microbiome structure in the soil and rhizosphere. Little difference was found in the structure of the soil and rhizosphere microbiomes between controls and nHA treatments. Growth experiments implementing nHA at agricultural levels of P2O5, added to the soil at the time of planting, did not show a significant increase in growth, biomass, or yield compared with controls, suggesting that the needle-shaped nHA do not function as an effective fertilizer when implemented in this manner. The effectiveness of nano-fertilizers is likely influenced by their physicochemical properties (i.e. shape and surface) and their interactions with the soil matrix, making it important to evaluate these factors when designing new nano-phosphate fertilizers. As such, traditional P fertilization as used in the Daring Lake plots, is more effective and has a higher impact on the associated microbial community structure.
11:30-12:30 BioSci Rm. 3110


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Coytrahen Estate Papers
Bookmark:https://archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk/data/gb3167-nasc
GB 3167 NAS C
Coytrahen Estate
0.162 cubic metres (6 archive boxes)
Deeds of properties in Bettws, Coychurch, Coity, Laleston, Llandyfodwg, Llangeinor, Llangynwyd, Newcastle and St Brides Minor parishes (all Glamorgan), 1495-1875; Deeds and documents relating to the sale of the Nydfuwch Estate, in the parishes of Llangyfelach, Llangiwg and Llandeilo Talybont, Glamorgan, 1799-1809; deeds of the Castellau Estate in Llantrisant and St Fagans parishes, Glamorgan, 1672-1813; bonds for quiet enjoyment 1555-1697; final concords and common recoveries 1549-1756; papers relating to probate 1582-1826; papers relating to Sheriffs of Glamorgan 1651-1675; rentals and other accounts 1800-1838; letters, bills and receipts from family and friends largely concerning the debts of Griffith P. Traherne, 1810-1821; correspondence regarding the running of the Coytrahen Estate, 1787-1842; plans and surveys 1723.
The Coytrahen estate originated as two distinct holdings, one being the Llwydarth Estate in the parish of Llangynwyd, the property of the Powell family, and the other being the Coytrahen Estate in the parishes of Bettws and Llangynwyd, the property of another Powell family, unrelated to the Powells of Llwydarth. The two estates were united after Hannah, daughter of Thomas Powell of Coytrahen, married Anthony Powell of Llwydarth. Hannah's brothers died without issue and her son Anthony inherited both estates. Anthony Powell also died childless, and his estates passed to Morgan Popkin, the son of his sister Mary. She had married John Popkin, the heir to the Cnap-coch estate in the parish of Llansamlet. The Popkin family made their home at Coytrahen. Morgan Popkin married Mary Mathews of Nydfuwch and, when their sons died without issue, the Coytrahen Estate was inherited once again through the female side of the family. Frances, daughter of Morgan and Mary Popkin, married Edmund Traherne of Castellau, and the estate ultimately devolved upon their third son Morgan Popkin Traherne. Morgan also inherited the Nydfuwch Estate from Griffith Price of Penlle'rgaer under his will of 1783, but the lands were sold in 1807 to pay off the debts of his father. The Coytrahen Estate had at its core the mansion and demesne of Coytrahen in the parish of Bettws, near Maesteg, and later Llwydarth in the parish of Llangynwyd. The majority of the estate lay nearby in the parishes of Llangynwyd and Bettws, but there were also smaller scattered holdings in the parishes of Newcastle, Llangeinor and St Brides Minor, and others further afield (all Glamorgan). Much of the estate was amassed piecemeal by the ancestors of the Powell family, and was added to by marriage and inheritance.
Arranged into deeds (by parish, and then in date order), documents relating to the Nydfuwch and Castellau estates, bonds, final concords and common recoveries, probate records, papers relating to Sheriffs of Glamorgan, rentals, letters and bills, plans and surveys.
Coytrahen Estate PapersNAS C
Deeds of Properties In Bettws Parish 1495-1848NAS C/1/hub
Deeds of Properties In Coity Parish 1578-1804NAS C/2/hub
Deeds of Properties In Coychurch Parish 1627-1641NAS C/3/hub
Deeds of Properties In Laleston And Llandyfodwg Parishes 1608 And 1633/4NAS C/4/hub
Deeds of Properties In Llangeinor Parish 1596/7-1776NAS C/5/hub
Deeds of Properties In Llangynwyd Parish 1494/5-1850NAS C/6/hub
Deeds of Properties In Newcastle Parish 1585/6-1842NAS C/7/hub
Deeds of Properties In St Brides Minor Parish 1600-1624NAS C/8/hub
Deeds of Properties In Several Parishes 1545-1875NAS C/9/hub
Deeds And Documents Relating To The Sale of The Nydfuwch Estate, In The Parishes of Llangyfelach, Llangiwg And Llandeilo Talybont 1799-1809NAS C/10/hub
Castellau Estate: Deeds of Properties In Llantrisant And St Fagans Parishes 1672-1813NAS C/11/hub
Bonds For Quiet Enjoyment 1555-1697NAS C/12/hub
Final Concords 1549-1756NAS C/13/hub
Common Recoveries 1585-1727NAS C/14/hub
Wills 1582-1808NAS C/15/hub
Papers Relating To The Administration of The Estate of Elizabeth Jane Penuel Popkin And John Traherne 1808-1826NAS C/16/hub
Papers Relating To Sheriffs of Glamorgan 1651-1675NAS C/17/hub
Rentals And Other Accounts 1800-1838NAS C/18/hub
Correspondence Regarding The Running of The Coytrahen Estate, 1787-1842NAS C/19/hub
Plans And Surveys 1723NAS C/20/hub


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Get in line: Investors flock to hot anti-fraud startup Sift Science
Christina Farr	 March 19, 2013 3:30 AM
SiftScience has raised $5.5 million from high-profile investors, including Salesforce CEO Mark Benioff, Reddit cofounder Alexis Ohanian, Union Square Ventures, First Round Capital, and more.
A startup called Sift Science says it can help your website battle fraud in 30 minutes or less.
And the San Francisco-based company closed a $5.5 million funding round today from quite a list of high-profile tech investors.
The cofounders have developed an algorithm that pinpoints one million patterns that help predict, and potentially prevent, incidences of fraud. For instance, those who type text in all caps are almost five times more likely to be fraudsters.
"It's like looking at your data through a microscope, " said cofounder Brandon Ballinger, a former senior engineer at Google (pictured, left). "You can spot patterns the naked eye would never notice."
Fraud is a well-documented problem that set back U.S. industry approximately $80 billion annually. Sift Science is facing stiff competition from major players like IBM that are already spending millions on potential solutions to this problem.
But SiftScience's solution is completely free for sites that "score" fewer than 5,000 users a month. Not every user needs to be scored — only those who perform a high risk action, like a transaction. For larger customers, SiftScience will charge $0.10 for each user scored per month.
Every website is different, so the founders have developed a "trainer" that lets you explicitly mark users as fraudulent or not fraudulent, which is not dissimilar to marking an email as spam. Sift Science is designed to get smarter over time.
Reddit cofounder and investor Alexis Ohanian said that fraud is still a "very real problem" for rapidly-growing Internet companies.
"[But] their product gets better as the network grows, which means those services couldn't individually fight fraud as effectively as Sift Science can because it's learning in aggregate," he told me.
Sift Science's product has already been tested in private beta with customers like Uber and Airbnb, as well as online retailers and payment networks. The founders claim that sign-up and integration should only take 30 minutes.
Cofounders Ballinger and Jason Tan are graduates of the competitive startup accelerator Y Combinator. The company was founded in June 2011 and has grown to include machine learning experts from Amazon, Berkeley, and Stanford.
Investors included Salesforce CEO Mark Benioff, Expedia founder Richard Barton, Posterous' Garry Tan, former Paypal CTO Max Levchin (who led the seed round), Tapjoy cofounder Lee Linden, Y Combinator, First Round Capital, SV Angel, Union Square Ventures, and Reddit's Ohanian.
Fraud image via Blazej Lyjak// Shutterstock


Geosyntec is recognized as a leader in helping our clients achieve safe, secure containment of their regulated wastes requiring land disposal. We provide engineering and related services for siting, permitting, design, construction management/quality assurance, environmental monitoring, and closure/post-closure maintenance.
Our solid waste disposal practice provides solutions to our clients' most challenging design and operations issues. These include permitting "greenfield" sites, maximizing disposal capacity at existing sites, designing for sites with complex geological conditions, and working with wastes that have uncommon characteristics. Our technical knowledge related to the design, permitting, and construction of industrial and hazardous waste containment systems has been tapped by most commercial hazardous waste landfill owners and a number of Fortune 500 industrial firms.
Using our vast experience gained at hundreds of facilities around the world and on numerous contract-research projects for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and similar agencies, we develop practical approaches to design and construction challenges associated with liner and cover systems, leachate management, gas management, and geotechnical and earthquake stability. In addition, we apply advanced concepts in geotechnical engineering and ground improvement methods to design foundations for sites that have poor structural characteristics or significant geological hazards.
Notably, we are pioneers in the design of award-winning earth retention systems used at storage facilities to maximize airspace volume within limited property boundaries. From Maine to California, Geosyntec has designed vertical expansions using mechanically stabilized earthen walls to add airspace capacity to landfills while maintaining existing site footprints.
Geosyntec is well versed in the federal regulations (Subtitle C) related to on-site containment of industrial and hazardous waste materials. In the late 1980s, our staff, under contract to the U.S. EPA, helped draft the double-liner regulatory requirements of 40 CFR § 264 and the supporting technical guidance documents. Our technical support for the U.S. EPA in developing technical guidance and performance data for these facilities continues to this day.
Geosyntec has extensive experience designing commercial and industrial hazardous waste landfills, including facilities at the Ciba Specialty Chemicals plant in Macintosh, Alabama, and the Deer Trail (Highway 36) facility in Colorado. For both facilities, we developed designs, permitting documents, construction plans, and construction certifications. Geosyntec also completed design and permitting for a Corrective Action Management Unit (CAMU) in Nevada that will contain more than 2 million cubic yards of industrial wastes generated from the closure of sludge impoundments.
We also recently provided investigation, design, permitting, and construction oversight for an on-site disposal facility (OSDF) to contain wastes consolidated as part of the remediation of a Superfund site in West Virginia. The two-cell, 500,000-cubic yard, Subtitle C-equivalent facility was designed under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act's CAMU rule to provide a cost-effective remedy for the safe on-site disposal of soils, sludges, and miscellaneous debris with a broad range of contaminants, including mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls, and volatile/semi-volatile organic compounds.


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The glutes include the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus. Together they make up the largest muscle group in the entire body. Knowing what roles each glute plays in a golf swing and knowing how to use them will help increase stability, rotation, speed and power.
The golf swing begins with the set-up position. Before hitting the ball 250 yards, the body needs to be in perfect position, which makes it possible to begin a swing that will have a chance to strike the ball effectively and efficiently. Strong glutes will help stabilize the pelvis, which allows the rest of the body to assume (and hold) the awkward set-upposition. In addition to helping stabilize the body during the set up for the swing, the glutes also play a stabilizing role as an individual rotates into a backswing and follow through.
Rotation is the second part of the golf swing. Once an individual is set up properly, both the upper and lower body will need to rotate, but both will need to turn independently of each other. This is where controlled glute muscles play another major role. The gluteus maximus is responsible for external and internal hip rotation during the backswing, downswing and follow through. This allows the upper body to rotate over the stabilized lower body. If you have tight or weak glutes, it will be a challenge toexecute a proper, balanced swing, resulting in a loss of power and distance.
The glutes are the largest muscle group in the human body, so it makes sense that the greatest amount of power can be derived from the glutes. In addition to rotating the hips, the glutes play a major role in transferring energy from the ground, through the lower body to the upper body, and finally to the ball. All of this energy begins with a powerful coil, full of potential energy, and leads to a release of powerful kinetic energy that flows through to the hands and lastly, to the golf ball.


JERUSALEM A rocket fired from the Gaza Strip landed near the Israeli port city of Ashdod on Tuesday but no casualties or damage were reported, police and the military said.
Palestinian militants in Gaza launched thousands of rockets and mortar bombs into Israel during a war last July and August in which Israeli shelling and air strikes battered the small, coastal Palestinian enclave. The region has been largely quiet since the August ceasefire.
Tuesday's rocket landed near Ashdod some 20 km (12 miles) north of the Gaza border and security forces were searching for remnants. It was the longest-range strike since the truce that ended the 50-day war last year.
There was no immediate claim of responsibility in Gaza for the rocket launching. Earlier reports by Israeli media said five rockets had been fired.
Israeli media speculated that infighting among Islamic Jihad militants in Gaza Strip may have precipitated the rocket firing without the permission of Gaza's Islamist Hamas rulers.
Rival militant factions in Gaza are angry that months after the end of the war, no progress has been made to improve the isolated enclave's plight and pledges for funding to reconstruct buildings devastated during the war have not been honored.
Reconciliation efforts between Hamas and the Western-backed Palestinian Authority led by President Mahmoud Abbas have faltered, adding to hardships and hampering foreign aid donations and the import of building materials.
Israel maintains a partial blockade on the territory and Egypt largely keeps the Rafah border crossing closed. Hamas has imposed a "solidarity tax" and salaries for workers not aligned with the Palestinian Authority are not being paid in full.


1. Invest in ISAs – The good old ISA is a staple of tax year end transactions. There is no 'carry forward' allowance available so it really is a case of use that £20,000 allowance or lose it.
2. Pension contributions – You can receive tax relief on contributions of up to 100% of your earnings in 2017/18, subject to an annual cap of £40,000. Tax relief is available at the person's marginal rate of tax and there is a facility to carry forward unused annual allowances for up to three years.
3. Use your Capital Gains Tax annual allowance – The annual exemption for CGT for 2017/18 is £11,300 for individuals. Spouses/civil partners may consider transferring assets to ensure that they both utilise their annual exemption.
4. Review your portfolio dividend income – The dividend allowance is falling from £5,000 to £2,000 on 5th April 2018.
5. Cash gifts – You can gift up to £3,000 each tax year free of IHT, or £6,000 if there was no gift in the previous tax year. You are also allowed to make as many gifts of up to £250 each as you wish to other people as well as gifts on the occasion of a marriage.
6. Charitable donations – Gift aid donations to charity give tax relief at your highest marginal tax rate therefore if you have made donations and made a gift aid declaration, you may be able to claim up to 25% in tax relief, potentially reducing your higher rate tax amount.
7. Transfer of assets – If you're married/in a civil partnership and don't own assets in some form of joint ownership, it may be advantageous for tax purposes for transfers to be made. Consider transferring savings and investments to your partner if they pay a lower rate of tax than you do. Complex rules apply, but if appropriate to your particular situation, it could provide benefits for income tax, capital gains tax and even inheritance tax.
8. Child benefit clawback – Taxable income exceeding £50,000 for the year could lead to a claw back of child benefit. Once taxable income reaches £60,000 the benefit will be lost in full. Reducing, deferring or transferring taxable income could help to preserve this benefit.
9. Personal allowance clawback – High earners need to watch earnings between £100-£123k. The personal allowance is reduced by £1 for every £2 of income above £100,000. There is therefore no personal allowance at all where income exceeds £123,000. This also means that, over the income band £100,000 to £123,000, the effective rate of income tax is 60%.
10. Tax Efficient Investments – Investors can reduce their annual income tax bills by making investments through Venture Capital Trusts, Enterprise Investment Schemes and Seed Enterprise Investment Schemes. Capital gains tax deferral relief/exemption may also apply.
It is important to ensure that if you have not done so already, you should take the time to carry out a review of your tax and financial affairs to identify any tax planning opportunities and take action before it's too late. To discuss your situation or for further information, please contact us – we look forward to hearing from you.


Lisa is such a fun, sassy and stylish person! She loves doing style make overs using her knack at finding great deals and cool finds. With her Elegant Rentals business, she supplies the best rental set up for styled photo shoots and events!


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     #==================================================================================================
      #	  7. configure app (Grafana, VTC host)
      #==================================================================================================

cd /root/gowork/src/vtc_dashboard/static/json/
IPP=$(ip route get 8.8.8.8 | awk '{print $NF; exit}')
# add data source and initialize dashboard using the Grafana API:
sed -i 's/localhost/'$IPP'/g' grafana_init_datasources.json
service grafana-server status
sudo netstat -tnlp > netstat.txt
curl -X POST --connect-timeout 60 --data-binary @grafana_init_datasources.json -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -H 'Accept: application/json' http://admin:admin@$IPP:3000/api/datasources
sleep 5s
curl -X POST --connect-timeout 60 --data-binary @grafana_init_dashboard.json -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -H 'Accept: application/json' http://admin:admin@$IPP:3000/api/dashboards/db
sleep 5s
curl -X POST --connect-timeout 60 -d '{"role":"Admin","name":"apikey"}' -H 'Content-Type:application/json' -H 'Accept: application/json' http://admin:admin@$IPP:3000/api/auth/keys > /root/gowork/src/vtc_dashboard/controllers/grafana_key.json
echo "{ \"url\": \"http://"$IPP":3000\" }" > /root/gowork/src/vtc_dashboard/static/json/grafana.json
#read -p "Type the ip:port for PFring API: " PFRING
echo "{ \"url\": \"http://"$IPP":8090\" }" > /root/gowork/src/vtc_dashboard/static/json/vtcHost.json
# configure cron to start the vtc-dashboard after reboot
# first, create a folder where the script will be placed
mkdir -pv /usr/scripts
cp /root/gowork/src/vtc_dashboard/start.sh /usr/scripts/start_vtc.sh
chmod +x /usr/scripts/start_vtc.sh
# second, add the script to contrab
(crontab -l; echo "@reboot /usr/scripts/start_vtc.sh") | crontab -
# run
cd /root/gowork/src/vtc_dashboard
bee run watchall &

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


bookingtaxi011 is one of our services is a long-distance taxi service, that is, intercity transfers from both the airport Nikola Tesla and from any part of Belgrade. We transport passengers to other major cities of Serbia, such as Novi Sad, Nis, Subotica … or to tourist places like Zlatibor and Kopaonik. Also, if necessary, we transport our passengers to other cities in neighboring countries. The longer the driving the less the cost per kilometer is. Of course, the economy of taxi driving outside the city cannot be compared with other types of passenger transport, such as bus or train, but if you want more convenience and faster travel, check our price list or send us an inquiry.
If you have business or other obligations at multiple locations and need transport around the city, you have at your disposal a large number of rent-a-car agencies, but the rental rates are slightly less than the ones in other European cities. In addition, if you come from another city or from abroad, driving in Belgrade, regardless of how well you are familiar with the city or the use of GPS, can be a very unpleasant experience both due to the heavy traffic jams and the general irresponsibility of the drivers Belgrade is known for. The problem of finding the right parking spot is needless to mention. Instead, it might be better to rent a taxi vehicle with a driver, which would cost you the same as renting a car at a rent-a-car agency. Unlike the typical taxi rides, in this case, you do not have to wait for another taxi, you do not have to worry about the taximeter or the chosen direction. You will be driven in newer, more comfortable and cleaner vehicles than most taxis in Belgrade, with safe, professional and friendly drivers with English language skills, and you will also have WI-FI. In the end, you can pay the ride by card or even through a business account. The advantage over the typical rent- a- car service is that would not have to think about the fuel, driving, parking space and you can use your phone or lap-top while driving rather than drive by yourself and spend your energy on driving.
BOOKING TAXI BELGRADE " W E L C O M E "


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Home Fashion & Lifestyle Food & Recipes All About Baked Ziti With 4 Easy Steps To A Tasty Treat!
All About Baked Ziti With 4 Easy Steps To A Tasty Treat!
Isha Chavan
Why Are There Various Origins And Forms Of Baked Ziti?
Some Basic History About Baked Ziti
What Is Baked Ziti?
Baked Ziti Recipe
Baking Period
Cooking the pasta
Browning the meat
Making the sauce
The layers
Food has a lot of variety and diversity in the whole world. Every food or every dish that is ever made comes in a lot of different forms. You can make some dish and there is a very good chance that the very same dish has been made by someone else somewhere else.
Every kind of food has some or other origin. There is a huge variety of food because the world is so vast and every part of the world has different resources. Because of that, different dishes are made everywhere. Also, because nothing good ever remains a secret, different people get to know about these things.
In the same way, if a dish tastes good, people tend to share it with their friends and acquaintances. This is the reason why a dish spreads and people try to change the recipe of the food and try to tweak it bit by bit. This is the reason why one dish can have a number of variations and recipes.
Baked ziti is what we will talk about today. It is a very popular dish and has a lot of variations. In this article, we are going to discuss the background of baked ziti, their origins, why they have so many variations as well as a recipe that is one of the best ways to make baked ziti. So, without any further ado let us get started.
Baked Ziti, also known as baked pasta or Ziti al Forno has been a favorite Italian cuisine for a long time all around the world for a lot of people. Unlike the traditions with so many foods around the world that dictate what way some dish is going to be made, the baked ziti does not follow any rules at all.
When I say that there is no rule while making baked ziti, what I mean is that it is more a method than anything else like a recipe. The recipes vary all around the world based on what a person likes and what flavors they want to be there in their Ziti al Forno.
With so many people having accepted Italian food, the recipes for baked ziti depend totally on the creativity of the person making them. When making Ziti al Forno, people often use the ingredients from whatever they have left from the previous meal, that or whatever they have available in their kitchens, that is the reason that the recipes differ so much.
ALSO READ: Substitute For Cumin: 10 Best Spices As Alternatives
Most people find some great recipe or the other for Ziti al Forno while doing this very thing and it is also the reason why a baked ziti cannot be restricted in one particular recipe. Experimentation or accident, whatever be the case and whatever be the recipe, people find one way or the other to make the ziti in such a way that whoever eats them asks for more.
Whenever Ziti al Forno is made, the whole family suddenly develops an appetite, it is that good. Many families make them on special occasions like birthdays or anniversaries as well. Whether it be something special or just someone getting bored eating the same thing every day, baked ziti will provide you with an entertaining alternative to that.
Source: thepioneerwoman.com
People had been making the baked ziti as far back as the middle ages and even during the renaissance. The Ziti al Forno used to be served at banquets at some of the castles for the nobility. Slowly after that, Ziti al Forno started becoming popular in Italy amongst the common public.
The Ziti Al Forno is still a very prominent dish in southern Italy. This dish is particularly popular in the regions of Naples, Sicily, etc. The recipe of any particular ziti will differ depending on the ingredients that you have available and also upon the origin of the basic recipe.
The Italians say 'Fai con Quello Che Hai' which will translate to using whatever you have on hand, because serendipity is a concept, sometimes, you find things on chance. Things that you were not expecting to find and you came across them and fell in love with the thing. Any recipe of the Ziti al Forno that you make can help you achieve serendipity.
Source: kingcooks.com
Baked ziti can be called a form of casserole that has ziti pasta over it and a kind of tomato-based sauce on it. Ziti al Forno can be called a variation of the pasta al Forno but because there are already so many variations of how a Ziti al Forno is cooked, you can just go ahead and call it baked ziti as well.
The most basic or common way of making this ziti is to boil the pasta alone till it is almost done and then add tomato-based sauce to it. This then gets merged with cheese, some mixtures of ricotta, mozzarella and parmesan.
There are other ingredients that anyone can add to the dish like meats, sausages, mushrooms, etc. You can even opt for things like onions, carrots, peppers, etc to use in a ziti dish. All these things are then collectively put into a baking dish and then coated in cheese before being put in the oven to bake it and then is removed and served for eating.
ALSO READ: Bleached Vs Unbleached Flour- Find Out Which One Is Best
The two of the most basic ingredients are the ziti pasta and the tomato sauce and any Ziti al Forno can feel off without these two things. If you wanted to eat lasagna but think that making that would require you to make a lot of preparations, the better option would be to just make a baked ziti instead.
Ziti al Forno is kind of different from a lasagna casserole but it should be noted that they are a lot easier to make and you do not even need to add some extra and unnecessary layers unless you would love to add them. So let us now move to the very famous recipe for baked ziti.
The recipe of the Ziti al Forno that I am going to tell you about in this article, is going to be one which contains Italian sausage and a herb. This herb would be basil or rosemary based on what is available to you. If neither of them is available, you can also use savory, thyme, parsley, etc.
The pasta that you should be using here should be the ziti pasta or if that is not available, go for penne pasta. You can prepare these ingredients beforehand and even store them in the refrigerator and then take it out when you are ready to bake them.
Preparation Time 10 minutes
Cooking Time 55 minutes
Total Servings 6 to 8 servings
Ingredients Quantity
Ziti pasta 1 pound
Virgin olive oil A bit extra than normal
Italian sausage/Ground beef/Pork 1 pound
Chopped Onion 1 large
Chopped Garlic Cloves 3 to 4
Rosemary/Basil and Italian seasoning 1 tablespoon each
Red pepper flakes ½ tablespoon
Marinara sauce/ homemade sauce 32 ounces approximately
Salt and Pepper As required
Mozzarella cheese ½ pound
Ricotta cheese 1 heaping cup
Grated parmesan/pecorino cheese 1 cup
Follow these instructions after you have gathered all the required ingredients:
Get a pot with salted water in it and heat to a strong boil and then add the pasta to it and then cook it at a rolling boil. Do not cover the pot while cooking the pasta, do it till the pasta becomes edible but is still firm to eat.
When the water is getting heated, you should start making the sauce. Take the olive oil and put it in a pan and heat it at medium temperature and after the oil gets hot, add the meat to it and while it cooks, be sure to cut the big pieces of the meat. While this is happening, refrain from stirring it much because that will take more time for the meat to brown.
ALSO READ: How to steam broccoli: 7 Easy Steps to Follow
After the meat gets almost browned, put onions into it and mix it nicely and then sauté it till the onions start to brown. After that, put in the garlic, rosemary/basil, Italian sausage and red pepper flakes and mix them well and then cook it for a minute and add the sauce and cook it till it simmers.
After that, preheat the oven to 350 degrees F.
Make a layer of sauce at the bottom of a pan and then dot the surface with half the ricotta cheese and then ladle sauce from a spoon to the pasta and mix it. Then mix the pasta into the casserole. After that, put the remaining sauce and ricotta cheese and then add mozzarella cheese and parmesan cheese.
You can pause the preparation here to freeze it and then resume later again. After all that, you have to bake this in the oven at 350 degrees F until the meat gets browned and the cheese melts. This should take around 20 to 25 minutes.
After doing that, you can take out the ziti from the oven and serve it to be eaten.
Baked ziti is something that will taste great on any occasion and to make it you only need some basic ingredients and for the rest, you can use whatever ingredients are available to you at any given time. Ziti al Forno is a great alternative to lasagna and it is a lot less fussy to make it.
Ziti al Forno has a lot of recipes originating from a lot of different places. When you make the ziti, the most important thing to keep in mind is the taste that you want to achieve from the ziti. Once you have done that, you will only need to find the ingredients that will help you achieve these flavors and you will be all set.
So, get your chef hats on and get started for your Ziti al Forno. If you feel like you have any queries or have some innovative recipes for the Ziti al Forno that you would like to share, do not hesitate to mention them in the comments section.
Till then, Bon Appétit!
baked ziti ingredients
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Six held for sexually abusing, filming underage boys in Sargodha
SARGODHA (92 News) – As another child sex abuse scam surfaced in Sargodha, just days after the country's another biggest child abuse scandal in Jaranwala brought condemnations, police on Thursday apprehended six suspects involved in raping and filming children in Sargodha. As per details, families of the victims while demanding swift and speedy justice for the victims of the heinous and barbaric crime lodged a case against the influentials of the area after obtaining videos of horrific child sexual abuse in Sargodha's Jhal Chakian area. The culprits after sexually abusing and filing children blackmailed the parents of the children. According to police, the pedophile gang was yesterday preparing CDs of all the videos at a mobile shop when a citizen after identifying the children in the videos informed the police. Police taking action on the information detained six accused. Police further said that other accused of the case will be arrested soon. Earlier, residents of the area on Wednesday filed a first information report (FIR) after obtaining videos of horrific child sexual abuse. Police officials said that the alleged pedophile gang sexually abused underage boys while holding them at gunpoint, filmed them in the process, and uploaded the captured footages to social media.
Pakistan Punjab


Heparin is often used to flush central line catheters to prevent blood from clotting in the tubes.
Anti-platelet drugs like aspirin may be used as an anticoagulant.
Anticoagulant drugs can work by interrupting blood platelets.
Regular blood testing is typically required when a patient is prescribed anticoagulant drugs.
Anticoagulant drugs can interact with other drugs, leading to a dangerous situation.
Heparin may be administered when a patient is at risk of developing a blood clot.
Anticoagulant drugs can have negative interactions with certain other medications.
Anticoagulant drugs can work by interfering with thrombin, blocking production of clotting factors, or interrupting blood platelets. A doctor prescribes a drug on the basis of the patient's underlying health and the need for anticoagulants, whether they are for preventing clots after surgery or treating a patient with a chronic clotting disorder. Some classes of anticoagulants can be very dangerous if they are not used properly, and it is important to be attentive while receiving drug information.
Heparin is an example of a drug that works by blocking the activity of thrombin to inhibit clot formation. Direct thrombin inhibitors like dabigatran and vivalirudin are other examples of anticoagulant drugs that work by interacting with thrombin. These drugs can work very quickly and may be useful for a patient in medical crisis or in a situation where a doctor wants the drug to work rapidly for other reasons.
The coumadins are anticoagulant drugs that work by interfering with the production of clotting factors in the liver. They include drugs like warfarin and can take several hours or days to become effective. Patients may receive these drugs for long term maintenance if a doctor thinks it is necessary. The patient will need periodic blood tests to check on the levels of clotting factors in the blood and determine if any complications are developing.
Patients can also take antiplatelet drugs like aspirin. These can also be taken in the long term to address a clotting problem, and patients may remain on maintenance therapy for cardiovascular health. Some of these anticoagulant drugs are available over the counter, but patients should make sure their doctors know they are taking them, in case they are at risk of a bad drug interaction.
The anticoagulant drugs most suitable for a patient depend on why the patient needs the drugs, the patient's medical history, and the length of time the patient will need to use the drugs. Doctors have to consider issues like a history of adverse drug interactions, the potential for complications with long term use, and the patient's ability to follow a drug protocol safely.
Other anticoagulant drugs are for use in research or diagnostic testing, not for living patients. These include oxalate and citrate, both used in the lab to prevent blood samples from clotting. They are not safe for human use and can potentially cause health problems if people ingest them. Usually stores of drugs not intended for human use are clearly labeled and kept separate from other supplies to minimize the risk of accidents.
What Is the Difference between Coagulants and Anticoagulants?
What Are Some Coumarin Derivatives?
What Are the Heparin Protocols?
What Is the Difference between Heparin and Lovenox®?
What Are the Different Blood-Thinning Medications?


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Q: Add as favorite with no full page refresh I am working on a Hiragana flashcards app.
I spend nights and days to understand how don't refresh full page when I add a flashcard (hiragana) as a favorite.
Here is the favorite controller
class FavsController < ApplicationController
  def index
    @favs = Fav.where(user: current_user)
  end

  def create
    @hiragana = Hiragana.find(params[:hiragana_id])
    @fav = current_user.favs.new(hiragana: @hiragana)
    if not @hiragana.favs.where(user: current_user).take
      @fav.save
    end
    render json: @fav
  end

  def destroy
    @fav = Fav.find(params[:id])
    @fav.destroy
    redirect_to :back
  end
end

I render json in the create method and when I click on view I add only an hash
render view favorite
<% if current_user %>

    <% if hiragana.is_faved_by(current_user) %>
      <%= link_to fav_path(hiragana.is_faved_by(current_user)), method:   :delete do %>

      <% end %>
    <% else %>
      <%= link_to hiragana_favs_path(hiragana), method: :post do %>

      <% end %>
    <% end  %>

<% end %>

and it is located in hiragana render

          <% if current_user.try(:admin?) %>
            <%= link_to hiragana_path(hiragana), class:'trash-hiragana', data: { confirm: 'Are you sure?' }, method: :delete do %>
            <%= image_tag("delete-btn.png") %>
            <% end %>
          <% end %>
          <span class="card-question img-popover" data-content="
<%= hiragana.bigletter.upcase %>

<%= hiragana.midletter %> comme dans <%= hiragana.transcription %>
">

          <div class="card-hiragana hiragana-<%=hiragana.bigletter.downcase.last%>">

<%= hiragana.ideo1 %>

<%= hiragana.ideo2 %>

          <%= render 'favs/favorites', hiragana: hiragana %>

          <div class="col-sm-3 col-xs-4 col-md-3 containerbackcards-<%=hiragana.bigletter.downcase.last%>">

<%= hiragana.ideo1 %>

<%= hiragana.bigletter.upcase %>

When I add a card as favorite it gives me a hash like this :
{
id: 64,
user_id: 1,
hiragana_id: 4,
created_at: "2016-02-10T16:37:26.270Z",
updated_at: "2016-02-10T16:37:26.270Z"
}

I just want to have the heart grey to red as favorite, saved and not refresh the entire page. Your explainations are appreciated thank you.

A: In order to send the request to the controller without the page refreshing you need to use a combination of Ajax and JavaScript.
You use JavaScript to add a click listener to the .faved-on button and to trigger the Ajax request. You will also use JavaScript to prevent the default action occurring when you click the link ie. The Page Refresh
You then use Ajax to send the request to the controller and handle the response.
Your initial JavaScript code looks pretty correct, except you are missing the bit to stop the page from reloading.
See the e.preventDefault(); line below
$(document).ready(function() {
 $('.faved-on').click(function(e) { //make sure to pass in the e (the event paramter)
 e.preventDefault(); //this is the line you are missing
 var fav = $('.faved-off')
//let your ajax handle the rest then
 $.ajax({
         type: "POST", url: "/hiraganas", dataType: "json",
         success: function(data) {
         console.log(data);
         //change the color of your heart to red here
 },
 error: function(jqXHR) {
    console.error(jqXHR.responseText);
    }
   });
   })
 })

I haven't tested your JavaScript but it looks pretty close to correct, I believe its the e.preventDefault(); bit you were missing

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Architectural visualisation where you don't want too much distraction from your design.
Architectural visualisation where you want much distraction from your design.


Electronic Specialists has a proud history of designing and manufacturing telemetry and SCADA automation systems for specific uses in the agricultural, industrial and retail sectors.
We've incorporated the latest advancements in UHF telemetry and GSM networking to give you control of important processes in your business, be it on the farm, at the factory or in the shop.
Farmtrenz is a new division of Electronic Specialists dedicated to the design, manufacturing and servicing of electronic farm monitoring systems for effluent, weather stations, water bores, tanks and electric fences. These include our popular TIM and KIM effluent fail-safe field devices, a leader in the market for more than 10 years.
Footprint RCU4 is our door-based people counter system, with hundreds in operation in shops, museums, pool complexes and other public places across New Zealand and around the world. Proven over 20+ years, information gained through Footprint helps you maximize sales conversion rates and gain efficiencies in staff roster planning.
Rest assured, we service what we sell. We may also have authorized installers available near you.
We're always inventing new products to make your working life easier, so if you've got a need in your business that electronics might meet, give us a call today.


The A Cappella Society will be starting up a new group at the TAS Waterloo Studio. TAS Organic Choir aims to be an ensemble that gathers individuals from all walks of life regardless of experience and background. We are looking for like-minded souls to join us in the journey of discovering and exploring the unlimited potential with our voices.
RSVP code "TASOC" to +65 9647 6856. We shall see you there!
*We offer the first lesson as a free trial, for subsequent session, a monthly $50 subscription fee applies.


text:
Sending Thank-Yous From North Carolina
Our volunteer coordinator at Alleghany High School sends a message of gratitude
Shelley Callahan | May 30, 2022 En Español
Twice a year, our volunteer coordinators in the United States send us reports about how our sponsorship program is working at their schools, which often times comes as poignant and emotional thank you letters directed to our sponsors for all they do.
Today, we want to share with you a note from Anne Marie at Alleghany High School about how important our program is for her kids in the rural part of North Carolina.
Today, we want to share with you a note from Anne Marie at Alleghany High School about how important our program is for her kids in the rural part of North Carolina where she lives and just how far donations go towards making a difference in their lives, in this edition of Stories of Hope.
Anne's Letter
"Alleghany County is in the northwest corner of North Carolina and is known for its abundance of Christmas trees, which are shipped all over the world. It is also home to Alleghany High School, where 18% of the student body has a Children Incorporated sponsor. I became the Children Incorporated coordinator for Alleghany High School in November 2021 and assisted the previous coordinators whenever help was needed. During my time as a coordinator, I have always been amazed at how much the Children Incorporated sponsors help and support our students."
Anne and other volunteers load bags of food that are ready to be delivered to our sponsored children's homes
"Thanks to their sponsors, all our Children Incorporated students have their instructional fees paid, and school pictures and yearbooks are purchased for each student. All our seniors also have their cap and gown paid for with Children Incorporated funds. This year, a few weeks after school started, each student was allowed to pick out and purchase school gear (such as t-shirts, sweatshirts, jogging pants, hats, boots, etc.). In early December, each of our students received a fresh box of fruit containing apples, pears, and oranges that was then delivered to their houses by myself and my assistant, Rhonda."
Helping students during the holidays
"Several years ago, our school noticed a need for food for the holidays for our families. To meet the need, on the last day of school before Christmas break, each staff member signs up to personally deliver the meals to our Children Incorporated families. The school partners with Lowe's Hardware, which donates the cooler bags, and Food Lion, which prepares the bags for us to pick up and deliver. The meal consist of a turkey, ham, green beans, mashed potatoes, macaroni and cheese, salad, rolls, and an apple pie."
Over the years, we have received countless thank-yous and even tears from our families for the meal. Some families have told us that they did not know what they would have eaten over the holidays.
"This year, an anonymous donor in the county bought Food Lion Feeds boxes for each of our families which were delivered along with their meals. The box contained rice, spaghetti noodles, macaroni and cheese, tomato sauce, and a can of green beans and corn. Over the years, we have received countless thank-yous and even tears from our families for the meal. Some families have told us that they did not know what they would have eaten over the holidays."
Our Children Incorporated students know to ask us for anything they may need. Funds have been used to purchase hygiene supplies, clothes, shoes, coats, blankets, school supplies, and more. Many of our students would not have the things that they need if it were not for Children Incorporated sponsors. We cannot not say enough thank-yous for all you do for our students."
Anne Marie Erhardt
How do I sponsor a child in north carolina?
You can sponsor a child in North Carolina in one of three ways: call our office at 1-800-538-5381 and speak with one of our staff members; email us at sponsorship@children-inc.org; or go online to our sponsorship portal, create an account, and search for a child in Kentucky that is available for sponsorship.
May 30, 2022 Community Support, Stories of Hope, North Carolina
An Online Trip to North Carolina
Our Director of U.S. Programs, Renée Kube, visits all our affiliated projects in North Carolina virtually
Praise from Our Coordinators
Our volunteer coordinators in the United States share their stories of gratitude for our programs
Working Against Generational Poverty
At East Valley Elementary School in Eastern Kentucky, families face the difficulties of decades of impoverished living


If one could say what are the few things that gets any IT enterprise hooked, IoT would probably feature in the top of the list. While you may dismiss it as a trend that will soon go away, if you are wise enough, you will understand that only the contrary to it is the truth. While many people are only seeing IoT as a part of smart manufacturing process or a boost to the industry, it has the capacity to do much more than that. In fact, it may well bring a revolution in industrial and production level as has been predicted by many high-profile industrial conferences.
IoT, as opposed to the popular idea of an evolution from the previous industrial standards, is actually a transformation in every sense. With the data explosion, unthinkable amount of data is being poured in at every single second with supremely increased connectivity. The supply chains are so well integrated to each other that it allows the sensors to track almost anything and everything. Combining that with the big data scenario and the data analytics revolution, IoT is surely going to shake up some fundamental ideas about business.
A statistics has recently emerged that proclaims that nowadays, every two days produce data worth a thousand previously. That is not only scary but also exciting to some extent. The question is to using so much data becomes hardly feasible and you cannot even store one percent of this seemingly infinite data that is being generated. Such wastage of data needs to be stopped and hence, a smoother integration of IoT is called into business. In fact, the advancement in robotics, artificial intelligence and technologies like 3D printing only boosts hope in favour of IoT.
While there is a general consensus about what good IoT can do, it is important to know how to derive maximum value out of the new idea. Firstly, you need to deftly analyze the whole digital thread through which your workflow goes right from the scratch to the final product. Secondly, rather than focusing on everything, it is better to limit your attention to top billed application s such as real time monitoring or optimization of throughput. Since these factors are the major controlling factors, beginning with them and improving them will only boost confidence.
While the internal assessment is necessary, it is even important to get connected with customers, suppliers and partners who are going to become part of this ecosystem very soon with the new turn in technology. IoT is not some personal project; it is all about connections and networks. So, it is best to begin connecting with all kinds of borderline participants to make the most out of it. Since digital ROI requires a clear cut executive strategy, it is time you develop one with module specific observations and boosting of IT infrastructure. In short, your company is not going to be an isolated entity, it will become a part of a bigger, ever-expanding network.


text:
Get 1-month access to DuPont de Nemours Inc. for $13.99, or
Balance Sheet: Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
DuPont de Nemours Inc. (DD)
Total Asset TurnoverCurrent RatioDebt to EquityNet Profit MarginReturn on Equity (ROE)Return on Assets (ROA)
Price to Earnings (P/E)Price to Sales (P/S)Price to Book Value (P/BV)
RevenuesInvestmentsEquity Method InvestmentsInventoryProperty, Plant and EquipmentGoodwill and Intangible AssetsDebtIncome TaxesOperating Leases
The balance sheet provides creditors, investors, and analysts with information on company's resources (assets) and its sources of capital (its equity and liabilities). It normally also provides information about the future earnings capacity of a company's assets as well as an indication of cash flows that may come from receivables and inventories.
Liabilities represents obligations of a company arising from past events, the settlement of which is expected to result in an outflow of economic benefits from the entity.
Linde plc (LIN), Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
DuPont de Nemours Inc., consolidated balance sheet: liabilities and stockholders' equity
US$ in millions
Notes payable
Long-term debt due within one year
Accounts payable, trade
Accounts payable, other
Income taxes payable
Deferred income tax liabilities, current
Dividends payable
Accrued and other current liabilities
Long-term debt, excluding debt within one year
Deferred income tax liabilities
Pension and other postretirement benefits, noncurrent
Asbestos-related liabilities, noncurrent
Other noncurrent obligations
Other noncurrent liabilities
Noncurrent liabilities
Redeemable noncontrolling interest
Preferred stock, series A, $1.00 par
Common stock, $0.01 par value
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Unearned ESOP shares
Treasury stock at cost
Total DuPont's stockholders' equity
Non-redeemable noncontrolling interests
Total liabilities and equity
Based on: 10-K (filing date: 2019-02-11), 10-K (filing date: 2018-02-15), 10-K (filing date: 2017-02-09), 10-K (filing date: 2016-02-12), 10-K (filing date: 2015-02-13).
Balance sheet item
Current liabilities Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer. DuPont de Nemours Inc.'s current liabilities increased from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly decreased from 2017 to 2018.
Noncurrent liabilities Amount of obligation due after one year or beyond the normal operating cycle, if longer. DuPont de Nemours Inc.'s noncurrent liabilities increased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.
Total liabilities Sum of the carrying amounts as of the balance sheet date of all liabilities that are recognized. Liabilities are probable future sacrifices of economic benefits arising from present obligations of an entity to transfer assets or provide services to other entities in the future. DuPont de Nemours Inc.'s total liabilities increased from 2016 to 2017 and from 2017 to 2018.
Total DuPont's stockholders' equity Total of all stockholders' equity (deficit) items, net of receivables from officers, directors, owners, and affiliates of the entity which are attributable to the parent. The amount of the economic entity's stockholders' equity attributable to the parent excludes the amount of stockholders' equity which is allocable to that ownership interest in subsidiary equity which is not attributable to the parent (noncontrolling interest, minority interest). This excludes temporary equity and is sometimes called permanent equity. DuPont de Nemours Inc.'s total DuPont's stockholders' equity increased from 2016 to 2017 but then slightly decreased from 2017 to 2018.
Price of access to DuPont de Nemours Inc.*