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My Rating: 7/10
Andy Samberg, Katie Crown, Kelsey Grammer
Nicholas Stoller, Doug Sweetland
Animation, Adventure, Comedy
89min (and no more, thankfully)
For grown-ups:
For kids:
Storks landed in my local theater tonight and I was there with my 2 daughters ages 9 and 11. By the way, I'm 47. I'm happy to report the 9 and 11 year-olds loved the film. I was only somewhat impressed.
IMDB gives this synopsis: Storks have moved on from delivering babies to packages. But when an order for a baby appears, the best delivery stork must scramble to fix the error by delivering the baby.
If that sounds like a convoluted story, you don't know the half of it.
Kids will like it though.
This film has been promoted in theater trailers and internet for what seems like a year at least. I think the makers felt the title would resonate in so many people's childhood memories that they would mark the premiere date on their calendar as well as their Google alerts. As old as I am, my parents never told me anything about storks bringing babies. If any parents needed an explanation, it was them. I'm the oldest of 4 siblings and I was intelligent and very inquisitive as a kid. Thankfully for me, they shared the truth about how babies are made and how they come into the world at a reasonable age: no need for storks.
My dad on the other hand did get the stork story when he was a kid. I sent him a text after the movie joking that he should see this film. Maybe he'll get it. I think this film assumed the audience knew this dishonest legend that parents used to tell their kids. It's ironic how parents in the 1940's needed storks to explain the mystery of childbirth to children. After this movie, a lot of parents will have to explain the mystery of the storks in the movie through the actual explanation of birth.
But, enough about the weird stork angle, let me tell you 2 things that do work in the film. 1) The babies. The first strong impression I recall of a baby in an animated film is Jack Jack in The Incredibles. He is a firecracker. I loved the way he giggled as he was blurting out superpowers. I think he stands out in all our minds as a movie baby we won't forget. The babies in this film are amazing in a similar way. Their voices are perfectly timed with deft CGI artistry. This makes them extremely cute and loveable. The best aspect is the laughs. Their laughs make the Pilsbury doughboy sound stand-offish. They invite you to love them. I wouldn't be surprised if a lot of merch comes from this film. 2) SOME of the jokes. There is a small bird who is a sort of pseudo-nemesis. He is very funny. Some of the jokes lag too much though. I was surprised this film was so flat in its humor after having been in production for a year or more. Usually they test things like that with focus groups etc. This film feels "off the cuff" a lot. Moreover, so much is predictable because we have seen all this before.
Having said that …
Kids will like it. To them, I recommend it. All else, tell me what you think. I think I could have skipped this one and not have missed much.
This sequel to 'Finding Nemo' pleases with the introduction of some new hilarious characters, a similarly cute story, and the unforgettable talent of Ellen Degeneres.
Ellen DeGeneres, Albert Brooks, Ed O'Neill
Andrew Stanton, Angus MacLane
Andrew Stanton, Victoria Strouse, Bob Peterson, Angus MacLane
PG | 103 min | Animation, Adventure, Comedy
Riley's Rating:
The question for viewers should not be, "Why is this good?" but rather "Why did it take 13 years to make this sequel?" Some movies are difficult to improve upon and This film betters 'Finding Nemo' (2003) in some ways. However, in other ways it is fish food compared to the live bait we viewers took in 2003. For example, no scene touches the amazing dentist office escape sequence in the first movie. Still, there are some new characters and laughs well written in 'Finding Dory' that do their own pleasing and that makes it well worth going to see.
The seals are among my favorites. You have two Laurel and Hardy types that love their rock as if it were a heated waterbed at sea. A funny third reminiscent of Beaker from the Muppets, tries to sneak up on the rock to have "a taste" but the two kings of the mountain always shuffle him off. This is a recurrent gag that works very well as comic relief. Then again, do we need comic relief from the amazing comedy of Ellen Degeneres? Not in theory but here she is the voice of the main character. In 'Finding Nemo' she herself was that relief. For anyone wondering if she pulls it off as a main comic, yes, she passes with flying colors.
The story is identical to the first one only this time it is set in a wildlife preserve/theme park/museum sort of place. Dory remembers her parents that she lost prior to the first movie and she wants to get back to them somehow. This is made nearly impossible by her short term memory loss. Dory runs across a litany of new fish in the new setting, the most notable is an octopus named "Hank," voiced by Ed O'Neill. Hank starts out as an antagonist but before long, Dory wins his affection and he ends up being the one who can help her most in getting back to her family. Virtually every aspect of the movie parallels number one so I suppose that could have been improved upon with some original sidebars.
The movie was originally set to be made for Disney by Disney's experimental group "Circle 7 Animation." That didn't work out and the rights went back to Pixar who created the first animation for Disney on 'Finding Nemo' in 2003. In conclusion, I recommend this film to you but with a microscopic caveat that it isn't base on anything original (to speak of, the search for her parents is slightly different than the other way around in 'Nemo'). It lost a star from me for that. Still, I had a blast watching it at the drive in. I hope a lot of people get a chance to see this film.
There's a new foil for movies and it's getting more and more prevalent, especially in holiday trailers. It happens when misinformation is conveyed about what a movie is about. This is a funny, cute, well-made animation film but it was advertised to be something that it's not. Kids are likely to enjoy this more than adults, there's no humor for grownups.
Louis C.K., Eric Stonestreet, Kevin Hart
Yarrow Cheney, Chris Renaud
Cinco Paul, Ken Daurio, Brian Lynch
Animation, Comedy, Family
The Secret Life of Plants (1973) is a book by Peter Tompkins and Christopher Bird. It was once part of pop culture consciousness. Among other things, the book and study indicated that plants grow better when they're spoken to. I can't help but suspect the sound of the title resonated well when they named this film. It was advertised of a year with a trailer that should pets doing things in their apartments: playing records, rocking out and head banging, and getting a massage from the electric mixer whisk. Those are only the initial scenes. After that they leave the apartment building and have a rip-roaring adventure on the streets of New York. This is no "mellow at home" peek at the secret life of Pets, which is unfortunate, I would have liked to have seen an understated funny film like that.
Katie is Max's owner, he's a little white dog. She leaves him in the apartment every day when she goes to work. Through a random sequence of events that don't need detailing, Max is kidnapped. The dogs in his building, led by Gidget, a female white fluffy dog. The movie consists of finding and rescuing Max. I might add that the kidnappers are a rouge group of animals that have escaped from the animal shelter. The number of animal characters is overwhelming. Short little gags bring you back but most of the movie it's hard to follow the motivation of any given character. It is a children's film so I ignored that flaw. Still, movies like Toy Story showed how to have a lot of characters without losing the focus on the primary characters.
There are interesting voices here but honestly, they sort of fade into the collage of action happening in the movie. I usually am very curious to look up who the voices are, not so this time. It's too busy to hear any soul or expression from the voice actors. There is a scene where Duke is pulling Max on a rope through the water and he says: "You're not doing great but you're not drowning and that's something." I think that summed up the film for me. It had the flash that would attract the kindergartners but won't charm the older kids or the adults.
The best thing about this film is the small gag stuff, I wish it had a lot more. For example, when the pets are cleaning up after their party, one yells to the hamster atop the vacuum "Myron Vacuum!" Myron is riding the vacuum in a hilarious way. You have to see it to laugh I think. There are a handful of moments like that. They hold the attention of the viewer. The story is not very tender or endearing. There is never a reference to what time it is that would bring the suspense up remembering when the dog owners are coming home. It felt like they deviated from the original idea and added a Flushed Away type adventure that would be fine for another movie but not this one. This film aspires to be something original but ultimately, it's like so many other animated films we're seen come down the pike in recent decades. Because the writing was not endearing to the animals it portrayed and because I felt it was advertised incorrectly, it lost two stars with me. I recommend it for very young kids, say 11 and under.
Disney has made a fun, innovative, colorful, and well scripted film here. Don't let the little rabbit make you think of "HOP," it's a ton better than that. Plus, there's a fox voiced by Jason Bateman so right there you are already out of the "HOP" solar system.
Zootopia (2016)
as Judy Hopps
as Nick Wilde
as Chief Bogo
Byron Howard, Rich Moore, Jared Bush
Genre, Rating, Length, etc.
Of course I give this film 5 stars, a perfect score. I'd give it more but I don't want to appear as if I'm gushing. And this over a rabbit and a fox nonetheless. Well, actually there are a whole zoo of animals, hence the title. While we're on the subject of the film's name, I can't help but wonder it this is Disney's way of describing the Animal Kingdom theme park history. Actually I mean a fictional history like they did with the films "Tomorrowland" and "The Haunted Mansion."
It's a story of a police cadet that gets an assignment in Zootopia, the Los Angeles of cartoon cities. This police officer is a small female rabbit with not much for brawn but she makes up for it in enthusiasm. Through a strange course of events, she befriends a crooked fox and the two have adventures. They are the only ones who can stop a crooked plan to zombify the citizens.
There is a lot here and all of it is wonderful. I loved the elephant ice cream clerk and fox's "baby" that turns out to be a deep voiced pygmy fox, a partner in crime. The critics are loving this film and so am I. I love the voice actors. Jason Bateman should get an Oscar, his fox character is pure genius. I recommend this film for any age.


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Having powered to silver medals at the World Championships and Europeans in the junior category last year Xeno Young has made another elite national team.
This time the 18-year-old will represent Ireland at the final round of the UCI World Cup. It takes place in Minsk at the weekend. He rides the individual pursuit on Saturday.
Young has already secured selection for the Commonwealth Games on the Northern Ireland team. He is expected to ride the pursuit, TT and road race events on the Gold Coast in April.
And Cycling Ireland said he was being selected for Minsk to help him prepare for the Games.
He is part of a three-rider team for the Minsk meeting this weekend as others chase World Track Championship qualification.
One man who has enjoyed very significant success on the track over the past 12 months, Felix English is also in the team.
With partner Mark Downey he claimed silver and gold medals in the Madison event at UCI World Cups. Those results came in Cali and Los Angeles early last year.
Robyn Stewart, top, and Felix English.
He has also taken several top five placings in international omnium events. They include 5th in Europeans last October.
The Madison is now an Olympic event and English and Downey are already eyeing Tokyo 2020. He will be riding the omnium this Sunday.
Robyn Stewart is also in the team for what is the final UCI World Cup of the year; starting on Friday.
She is the first Irish woman to qualify for the sprint in the UCI World Cups.
She will be competing in the sprint event on Saturday. Stewart will be riding to gain points for Worlds qualification.
Furthermore, if she makes it to the Worlds, in Holland next month, she would be the first woman from Ireland to compete at sprinting on that stage.
Like Xeno Young, Stewart is also already selected for the Commonwealth Games.
She is a national record holder and is the reigning Irish champion in the sprint, 500m TT and keirin events.


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Dublin - Top Tips
Dublin City Nature Walks to Escape the Madness
Escape the buzz of the city for some fresh air and natural wonders. Ireland's capital has some of the finest parks and its coast allows for beautiful walking trails, all located just a few minutes away from the city centre.
The Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin
The Botanic Gardens is both an oasis of calm and one of Ireland's premier scientific institutions. Just three kilometres outside Dublin city centre you can easily reach the gardens by public transport or even walking for the fleet of foot.
The centrepiece is undoubtedly the restored glasshouses that date back to 1862. They are now home to over 20,000 species of plant.
Once you reach the Botanic Gardens you have two options. You can stroll around the 19.5 hectares of taking time to relax by the River Tolka which flows through the land.
Or you can attend one of the many weekly events hosted by the Office of Public Works who are in charge of the Gardens.
While you are out in the suburbs, why not take a look around the historic Glasnevin Cemetery that is connected to the botanic gardens trail? The cemetery is the final resting place for leading Irish figures including Constance Markievicz, Michael Collins, Luke Kelly and Brendan Behan.
When one of your visitors has studied horticulture you take them to the #nationalbotanicgardensofireland #botanicgardensdublin #botanicgardensglasnevin #turnerglasshouse #dublin
A post shared by gillsstitches (@gillsstitches) on Jun 24, 2019 at 8:25am PDT
The Phoenix Park
Phoenix Park is one of the largest parks in Europe which has plenty to offer especially when it comes to walking trails. Here are just some of the tourist attractions worth seeing
The Magazine Fort – built originally in 1611 the Phoenix Lodge was turned into an ammunition's storage unit in 1734.
The Phoenix Monument – this impressive structure is in the middle of the park, on the beautiful tree-lined Chesterfield Avenue. The Phoenix Monument was carved in Portland stone in the shape of a Corinthian column with a Phoenix bird rising from the ashes at its pinnacle. It is in the centre of the Park and forms a focal point of a large roundabout.
Prehistoric Burial Chamber – this megalithic tomb is estimated to be 5,500 years old. The tomb was opened in 1838 and the skeletons, pottery and other relics are now in the National Museum.
The Wellington Testimonial – Arthur Wellesley, the first Duke of Wellington, who is reputed to have been born in Dublin. He is more famous for defeating Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo. It was completed in 1861 and is the tallest obelisk in Europe.
The Papal Cross – this marks the site where Pope John Paul II delivered an open-air sermon to more than 1.25 million people on the 29th September 1979.
Along your walk, you could also stop off at the president's house Aras an Uachtarain, Dublin Zoo or Ashtown Castle which is one of the park's oldest buildings which was built in the 1430s.
When walking in Phoenix Park you are never alone, with over 600 wild deer that is a good chance you make a happy encounter.
Dear deers… 🦌 . . . . #deer #phoenixpark #ireland🍀 #dublin #dublinireland #irlanda🇮🇪 #intercambio #intercambionairlanda #intercambioemdublin #vidadeintercambista
A post shared by Andriele Prado (@andrieleprado) on Aug 8, 2019 at 3:47pm PDT
Irishtown Nature Park
Irishtown Nature Park which is between Irishtown and Sandymount strand offers a 7-kilometre man-made walking trail.
The park was the idea of a group of residents from the Sandymount and Merrion Residents Associations. The area had been used as a dumping ground during the 1970s building boom. The concerned residents suggested creating a nature reserve to cover the wasteland. During the 1980s, Dublin Corporation helped the residents' groups to develop the park with planted seeds, trees, and tall grasses.
Today the nature park is home to many flora and fauna such as herons, Brent geese and the red-tailed bumblebee.
Walk along the path
A post shared by Sean Dingle (@sdphotography42) on Aug 15, 2018 at 3:00pm PDT
Howth Cliff Walk
Breathe in the fresh sea breeze and explore Howth head cliff walk. The well-established trail is open to everybody at every walking level just follow the green arrows. Take in the panoramic view of both Dublin Bay and Howth harbour.
To begin the trail, you'll need to make your way through Howth Village. This will allow you to pick the place for your post-hike refreshments. For a small village, Howth punches above its weight for great pubs and restaurants.
If you travel out of the city centre the DART will you there and back. The commute takes approximately 30 minutes depending on the time of day.
Howth Cliff Walk & Harbour _ Disrupting the flow of my Israeli mini series for something a bit closer to home for a change! _ A Saturday evening well spent today rambling around, had severe cabin fever this week! For anyone visiting Dublin, Howth is a must see. As a local, one of my favourite spots in the city…especially on a decent day. 🙌 _ #howth #howthcliffwalk #failteireland #discoverdublin #howthharbour #dublincity #baileathacliath #dublin #ireland🍀 #lovedublin #irish #ireland_gram #loveireland #igersdublin #raw_ireland #igersireland #icu_ireland #topirelandphoto #dublinstagram #gramslayers #travelbloggers #eire #thefullirish_ #travelhere #travelguide #travelers #iamtb #wanderlust #wanderlusters #agameoftones
A post shared by 𝓦𝓪𝓷𝓭𝓮𝓻𝓵𝓾𝓼𝓽𝓮𝓻 ✈ ɢᴀʀʏ ᴍᴏʀʀɪssᴇʏ (@jesuisgary) on Aug 17, 2019 at 1:49pm PDT
Dun Laoghaire Pier
Dun Laoghaire offers many activities along the Pier and in the water, such as sailing, fishing and if you are in the mood for a refreshing dip you can also go swimming. The pier walk is only 2.6 kilometre.
The town was formed as a result of a piece of legislation passed in 1816. This called for the building of a port to serve Dublin.
It was more commonly known at the time as the anglicised version of the spelling, Dunleary. Then, it was renamed Kingstown in honour of King George IV's 1821 visit as Ireland was still part of the Union.
In 1920 the original Irish form of Dunleary was restored, the pronunciation is the same – Dún Laoghaire.
Over time, the town became a residential location, a seaside resort and the terminus of Ireland's first railway in 1834.
#thosearethecolors #sea #dunlaoghairepier #dublintown #discoverdublin #irish_daily #dublin #dunlaoghaire
A post shared by Missy Brinkmeyer (@whereismissyb) on Aug 20, 2019 at 2:49pm PDT
This is the ideal city centre walk to brighten and waken up your day. The Grand Canal runs the length of the south side of Dublin city centre which can be joined at any time.
The Grand Canal and the Royal Canal are two canals that connect Dublin with other parts of Ireland. The Grand Canal spans from the Southside of Dublin to the River Shannon in the west, winding through several towns along the way.
The Royal Canal crosses the Northside of Dublin also connecting with the River Shannon but further north than the Grand Canal. Both were working waterways with the last cargo barge passing through the Grand Canal in 1960.
Allow 40 minutes at a brisk pace to walk form Harold's Cross Bridge to Grand Canal Dock.
Happy Saturday! Who says Dublin can't compete with the canal game of the Netherlands and Venice?! 😂😂 Here's a few pictures of the Grand Canal in Dublin City during the "heat wave" a few weeks ago 🥵☀ . The Grand Canal is a great place to hang out for your lunch break or after work, as Dubliners working in the Docklands (or elsewhere in the city) and students come together to chill on the banks with food and drinks. On a hot weather day the Grand Canal is a huge party 🎊🎉💃🍺 . I'm heading there now, actually, as it's also a great place for a walk on a cool, sunny Saturday in Dublin 😎 What are you up to this weekend?! . . . #grandcanal #grandcanaldublin #dublinsummer #irishsummer #visitdublin #dublinstagram #dubliners #dublincity #visitireland #canalwalk #dublinireland #dublino #dublindaily #dublincanal #ireland🍀 #ireland_daily #littlepiecesofireland
A post shared by Caleb ☘ (@traveling_ireland) on Jul 20, 2019 at 2:58am PDT
North Bull Island
This manmade island is home to 8,000 wildfowl an over 180 different bird species have been recorded. The island features a 10km walk that is suitable for all level and is ideal for nature lovers.
North Bull Island is incredibly important for nature conservation has been recognised since 1914 when it was listed as a Rothschild Reserve. It was the first National Bird Sanctuary, designated in 1931. It was designated as a biosphere reserve by UNESCO in 1981 and is also part of the Dublin Bay Biosphere Reserve. This is the only Biosphere Reserve entirely in a capital city in the world. Most Dubliners wouldn't know that North Bull Island has the most conservation designations of any site in the Republic of Ireland.
Wonderful variety of wild orchids on the dunes at the North Bull Island this morning- fantastic biodiversity so close to our capital city! #wildorchid #wildflowers #dunes #beach #grasslands #biodiversity #naturereserve #bullisland #northbullisland #bluemind #naturelover #irishartist
A post shared by Kathrine Geoghegan (@kathrinegeoghegan) on Jul 1, 2019 at 8:06am PDT
Bray to Greystones cliff walk
This cliff walk is a breath-taking coastal path from Bray to Greystones. The 6-kilometre trail takes two and a half hours and is suited for every level of fitness with the option of taking the DART for the way back.
Once Greystone reached, we advise a stop at Happy Pear for some well-deserved food. You can choose from flavourful vegan dishes, indulgent coffee, smoothies and much more.
#braytogreystonescliffwalk #beach
A post shared by G a u r a v (@3dgaurav) on Aug 20, 2019 at 12:29am PDT
From a stroll in Dun Laoghaire to a brisk coastal hike, take your time on one of the many trails and parks that Dublin has to offer. The DART will give you access to all the coastal town of Dublin Bay and is available from Pearse Station located just next to our hotels.
10 Trendiest Bars to keep an eye out for…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Oily hair can look dull, limp and lifeless and it may be more difficult to manage. Oily hair are heavy looking and unmanageable hair that clump together, and are more prone to dandruff. Dust also sticks very easy on oily hair and it starts hair fall and damage. Here are some easy tips you can do to reduce or even resolve oily hair.
If you have oily hair, wash your hair at least once per day. It keep your hair clean and grease free. Don't use shampoo more than three days in a week otherwise if you use everyday, it damage your hair. Massage your scalp gently with your fingers while applying the shampoo.
Lemon juice helps fight against dandruff and it prevent the hair damage. Mix the lemon juice and warm water together in a bowl and make a mixture. This mixture store it in a spray bottle. Spray the mixture onto your hair. Leave it for 1 to 2 hours and sit out in the sun. Now, rinse your hair and apply a conditioner to your hair. It helps to reduce the oily hair.
Baking Soda is used for oily scalp as well. It prevent the hair damage. Take 2-3 tablespoons of baking powder in a bowl and mix with water. Make a paste. Massage the scalp with this paste for five to seven minutes and then leave for 15 minutes. Now shampoo and wash the scalp with cold water. Use this treatment thrice a week for keep the scalp clean and get rid from oil.
One of the best natural remedies for oily hair is to use aloe vera gel. Aloe vera also make your hair shiny with a healthy glow and get perfect hair. Take your shampoo in a bowl, add 1 tablespoon of lemon juice and aloe vera gel into it. The hair should be shampoo thrice a week with this mixture to get rid of oily hair.
Egg yolk works well that remove oil on your hair. Beat one or two eggs as per you need and mix well with curd and lemon juice. Make a mask and apply this mask on your hair. Leave it for 10 to 15 minutes. Now, wash your hair. Try this home remedy two or three times in a week to get rid of oil from your hair.
Fun fact: urine has been used as a home remedy for acne for ages aotulhgh I don't know if I could stomach that. I learned that in my nursing class, but I've also seen it on some websites, most of whom recommend using a babie's diaper. Otherwise you would use it kind of like a toner, but wash it off after about 15 minutes. I've never tried this but hey if it works. If it helps ease your conscience any, you can actually safely drink your urine for 2 weeks if you ever got somehow stranded in the desert.Aside from that, I would recommend just basic everyday techniques such as:Keeping your hair clean and out of your face.Wash your face morning and eveningExfoliate 2-3 times a weekuse a tonerMoisturize even though you have oily skinalternate between salicylic acid and benzoyl peroxide to see how your skin reactssee if your breakouts are triggered by any foodsMake sure you are only sleeping on your pillowcases for 2 days before washing themDry your face with a different towelAvoid touching your face and spreading anything aroundUse a clay mask 2-3 times a week and a peel mask 1-2 times a week.All of these things are things you can get relatively cheaply. Buy generic. They work.Message me if you'd like to know more Good luck.


I'm a US citizen residing in Saudi Arabia teaching English. Before, I taught in South Korea. I'm 56, single (never married) and don't have children. I was raised in Minnesota in a really large family, but I love the desert (that's part of the reason I'm in Saudi Arabia now).
My parents are Catholic, but outside of going to church sometimes, there was no religion in our home. I became a born-again Christian through a long process of getting to know our living God. Christian faith is the most important thing in my life. My testimony can't be summarized in this personal profile, but I will be happy to share it with whoever ask.
Deepening my faith in Jesus through Bible study (daily), church and Bible study groups. Also, hiking, learning languages and cooking.


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Flights	These are all the flights in and out of SFO on September 08, 2020 / See only the departures or just the arrivals for this day
UA892 (ICN-SFO)
This United Airlines flight traveled from Incheon International Airport to San Francisco International Airport, on September 08, 2020. See all the flights for UA892.
OZ6614 (ICN-SFO)
This Asiana Airlines flight between Incheon International Airport and San Francisco International Airport, on September 08, 2020, was operated by another airline. See all the flights for OZ6614.
This China Airlines flight traveled from San Francisco International Airport to Taoyuan International Airport, on September 08, 2020. It departed from gate A13. See all the flights for CI3.
DL7731 (SFO-TPE)
This Delta Air Lines flight traveled from San Francisco International Airport to Taoyuan International Airport, on September 08, 2020. See all the flights for DL7731.
AI184 (SFO-DEL)
This Air India flight traveled from San Francisco International Airport to Indira Gandhi International Airport, on September 08, 2020. See all the flights for AI184.
CX873 (SFO-HKG)
This Cathay Pacific Airways flight traveled from San Francisco International Airport to Hong Kong International Airport, on September 08, 2020. It departed from gate A11. See all the flights for CX873.
AA8931 (SFO-HKG)
This American Airlines flight between San Francisco International Airport and Hong Kong International Airport, on September 08, 2020, was operated by another airline. It departed from gate A11. See all the flights for AA8931.
MH9183 (SFO-HKG)
This Malaysia Airlines flight between San Francisco International Airport and Hong Kong International Airport, on September 08, 2020, was operated by another airline. It departed from gate A11. See all the flights for MH9183.
OZ9521 (SFO-IAH)
This Asiana Airlines flight between San Francisco International Airport and George Bush Intercontinental Airport, on September 08, 2020, was operated by another airline. It departed from gate F17. See all the flights for OZ9521.
CA7344 (SFO-IAH)
This Air China flight between San Francisco International Airport and George Bush Intercontinental Airport, on September 08, 2020, was operated by another airline. It departed from gate F17. See all the flights for CA7344.
NZ9190 (SFO-IAH)
This Air New Zealand flight between San Francisco International Airport and George Bush Intercontinental Airport, on September 08, 2020, was operated by another airline. It departed from gate F17. See all the flights for NZ9190.
UA1107 (SFO-IAH)
This United Airlines flight traveled from San Francisco International Airport to George Bush Intercontinental Airport, on September 08, 2020. It departed from gate F17. See all the flights for UA1107.


Figgy's is primarily a lunch truck; born out of a desire to put fast, hearty food in the hands of lunchers around the Rogue Valley. Our freshly baked baguettes are filled with homemade, slow-cooked goodness. Each week the menu changes to offer different sandwiches and soup options. We are not exclusively organic, but handpick the freshest vegetables and meats from local farms and grocers.


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text:
Personal Shopper Review
By societyreviews March 21, 2017 February 3, 2018
1 Comment on Personal Shopper Review
When it comes to Personal Shopper, there is a lot to like about this film, but you really have to question the decision-making in the writing. The ending is pretty bad as it serves to ask more questions that will never be answered and feels very out of place with the other 100 minutes. The film was booed at Cannes and it seems justified. Personal Shopper is what happens when you shoot yourself in the foot creatively.
So I had the opportunity this week to travel to Los Angeles and watch a French psychological thriller starring Kristen Stewart. Personal Shopper has a pretty interesting concept; a middleman shopper for a celebrity client who is also a Medium that has connections with the dead. Kristen Stewart plays Maureen, When she isn't buying expensive jewelry and dresses for her fashion icon boss, she awaits a message from her dead brother who died from the same heart defect that she has. Feeling depressed, Maureen gets a text message from an unknown number, the anonymous texter proceeds dig into Maureen's life, but it's not until someone dies that she finds herself asking who or what as she let into her life. Another case of style over substance. There are two different narratives that simply don't mix with one another, it is one plot too much. The film plays up a supernatural aspect when Maureen basically becomes a Ghost Hunter in her spare time and she even claims that is what she really wants to do.
The problem is, they do not spend much time on this plot point at all. Watching the first 10 minutes you think you are going to get a supernatural thriller about a woman being stalked by spirits, but then that aspect of the story is then completely abandoned for what is essentially a carbon copy of The Girl on the Train without Emily Blunt and the Drinking Problem. I don't know why the director and writer Olivier Assayas decided to mix these two story arcs together. It was not needed and only hurt the overall movie.
There is no balance with this movie; I've complained in the past about certain films feeling like 2-3 different movies in one but this one is the perfect example. It's like someone cut and pasted Kristen Stewart previous movies into the film reel for this one. Speaking of Stewart, she is great and carries it from an acting standpoint, it's even safe to say this is the best performance of her career. While nobody is going to knock her for this role, she simply isn't enough to turn this movie around.
When it comes to Personal Shopper, there is a lot to like about this film, but you really have to question the decision-making in the writing as well as editing. The ending is pretty bad as it serves to ask more questions that will never be answered and feels very out of place with the other 100 minutes. The film was booed at Cannes and it seems somewhat justified. Personal Shopper is what happens when you shoot yourself in the foot creatively.
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Tags: Kristen Stewart Thriller
You are right about "style over substance" and balance. This certainly is a divisive film. Great review. For me, there was little narrative substance. The tired old floating veils, self-levitating objects, and creaky floorboards show little originality; the only fresh contribution to the genre is the iPhone as a ghostly medium. But Stewart is outstanding.
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"RP Data and Rismark International today released its July housing market results which shows that capital city dwelling values increased by 1.6 per cent over the month of July after posting a solid 1.9 per cent capital gain in June. These latest monthly results now takes the cumulative recovery to 6.5 per cent since dwelling values found their trough at the end of May last year.
The July results also take the rolling quarterly change in capital city dwelling values to +2.3 per cent over the three months ending July and values are 4.9 per cent higher over the past twelve months.
According to RP Data research director Tim Lawless, despite the strong headline, the market remains somewhat of a mixed bag.
Median price based on settled sales of Brisbane apartments over the quarter - $373,500.


Clicking on the image will send you to the Spybubble official website.
As you can see there are a lot of features in Spybubble and that's why in the next posts we will discuss more in depth about Spybubble and I will add more screenshots.
This entry was posted on Thursday, September 29th, 2011 at 4:04 am and is filed under Best Phone Tapping Software.	You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


text:
The Chinese and the Iron Road
Building the Transcontinental Railroad
Edited by Gordon H. Chang and Shelley Fisher Fishkin
Introduction Excerpt
Contents and Abstracts
Introduction Gordon H. Chang, Shelley Fisher Fishkin, and Hilton Obenzinger
chapter abstract
This chapter establishes the core narrative of the history of Chinese railroad workers on the Central Pacific, the western portion of what becomes known as the Transcontinental Railroad. It gives an overview of milestones in the construction of the line, the relationship of the company to the workers, and major contributions of the workers to the construction effort. The chapter surveys the historiography of Chinese railroad workers and the place of these workers in Chinese American history and memory. The chapter emphasizes the serious lack of attention to their history and the long overdue recognition of their contributions. It gives an overview of the chapters that follow in this transnational, interdisciplinary effort to recover this neglected chapter of the past.
1 Chinese Railroad Workers and the US Transcontinental Railroad in Global Perspective Gordon H. Chang
The story of the transcontinental is traditionally told as part of the grand rise of the United States in the mid 19th century. It is celebrated in scholarship and in public memory as a triumph of the nation. The international and transnational dimension of the story is omitted. This chapter places the history in a broader perspective that brings attention to the global ambition of the United States in seeking opportunities in the Pacific and East Asia; to the workforce from China that completed the western portion of the railroad; to the trans-Pacific network of people, goods, and business that linked the railroad far beyond the borders of the country, and to the global implications of the completion of the railroad.
2 Chinese Labor Migrants to the Americas in the Nineteenth Century: An Inquiry into Who They Were and the World They Left Behind Evelyn Hu-DeHart
This chapter examines who the Chinese labor migrants were, collectively speaking, and what the nature of the local environment or world in which they lived and worked was before migration. Close attention is paid to the labor migrants recruited to work on the sugar plantations of Cuba. This migration was contemporaneous with the movement to California to build the Central Pacific Railroad. This chapter presents a detailed portrait of those who went to Cuba as, very possibly, representative of the California railroad workers as well.
3 The View from Home: Dreams of Chinese Railroad Workers Across the Pacific Zhang Guoxiong, with Roland Hsu
This chapter uncovers and interprets Chinese government documents and original materials of popular culture from the hometowns, or qiaoxiang, of the Chinese migrant laborers from the era of the building of the Central Pacific Railroad. This chapter also reveals the impact of the Chinese railroad workers on their return to their home villages. This chapter develops a three-part argument: 1) the Pacific passage for those who migrated in search of gold in the United States mirrors the travel of those who went to build the Central Pacific Railroad; 2) after the railway opened to traffic, Chinese continued to build and repair railroads throughout western North America, thereby making a major contribution to the formation of the region's strategic transportation arteries; 3) the Chinese railway workers who returned home profoundly influenced their hometowns in ways that can still be detected today.
4 Overseas Remittances of Chinese Railroad Workers in North America Yuan Ding, with Roland Hsu
This chapter reveals how Chinese migrants in North America used qiaohui, or overseas remittance, to transfer money back to China. These remittance mechanisms developed and operated on both sides of the Pacific Ocean. Our sources of evidence in the banking sector date from periods somewhat later in the twentieth century. This chapter explains the development of remittance institutions in this later period and extrapolate to the origins in the period of the Chinese railroad workers and the construction of the Central Pacific Railroad.
5 Chinese Railroad Workers' Remittance Networks: Insights Based on Qiaoxiang Documents Liu Jin, with Roland Hsu
The most significant flow of Chinese railroad workers in North America originated from the Pearl River delta region in Guangdong Province, especially from the four counties of the Siyi region—Taishan, Kaiping, Xinhui, and Enping. This chapter develops historical detail of the flow of remittances that the workers sent to China, and the impact of these remittances on home villages, based on recently discovered qiaoxiang (hometown) documents, including work and travel contracts to cross the Pacific Ocean during the period from the discovery of gold in North America to the US Chinese Exclusion Act (1848-1882).
6 Archaeological Contributions to Research on Chinese Railroad Workers in North America Barbara L. Voss
Archaeological landscapes, sites, and deposits provide an important source of information about the daily lives of Chinese railroad workers. On the first transcontinental railroad, the most in-depth archaeological studies have been conducted at work camps associated with Summit Camp (Donner Pass, California) and Promontory Summit (near Ogden, Utah). Archaeologists have also studied Chinese work camps on the Southern Pacific Railroad and Northern Pacific Railroad, along with regional, local, and branch railways throughout the U.S. west. The resulting rich, descriptive accounts of work camp locations, archaeological features, and recovered artifacts provide a robust body of evidence for comparative analysis and afford an "inside-out" perspective on Chinese railroad workers' lives.
7 Living between Misery and Triumph: The Material Practices of Chinese Railroad Workers in North America Barbara L. Voss
The artifacts found at Chinese railroad work campus reveal the everyday experiences of the workers themselves. This study reviews analyses of material culture recovered through archaeological investigations at Chinese railroad workers' camps throughout the U.S. west. By and large, macro-level material practices, such as architecture and camp organization, varied significantly from place to place. When establishing their camps, workers used local materials to address local conditions. In contrast, there was substantial continuity in the portable objects that Chinese railroad workers used. This consistency is evidence of a strong, centralized network of commodity distribution. Maintaining familiar domestic routines across a wide variety of work and living contexts may have helped Chinese railroad workers adapt quickly to new environments and situations.
8 Landscapes of Change: Culture, Nature, and the Archaeological Heritage of Transcontinental Railroads in the North American West Kelly J. Dixon, with contributions by Gary Weisz, Christopher Merritt, Robert Weaver, and James Bard
Material objects, together with the remains of shelters and hearths, are reminders of the human condition in a transcontinental construction camp. The Central Pacific Railroad laborers who lived in the Donner Summit camp legendarily wrought drastic changes to a landscape that had been previously viewed as a hostile and unfamiliar environment to settlers and newcomers to the region. Such transformations were among the consequences of transcontinental railroads, underscoring the significance of the laborers' role in changing the ways in which people from throughout the world perceived and accessed the landscapes of the North American West.
9 The Health and Well-being of Chinese Railroad Workers J. Ryan Kennedy, Sarah Heffner, Virginia Popper, Ryan P. Harrod, and John J. Crandall
This chapter combines data sets to understand the health and well-being of Chinese railroad workers who built the Central Pacific Railroad. It incorporates information from historical accounts to explore their common health concerns and the toolkit of health-related strategies they brought with them from China. It presents bioarchaeological data collected from skeletal remains of Chinese railroad workers to serve as the starting point for our archaeological inquiry into health and well-being. It explores medicine-related artifacts and archaeological plant and animal remains from campsites that provide insight into the medicinal and culinary practices of these railroad workers. This chapter argues that not only did Chinese railroad workers creatively treat their ailments, they also maintained their mental and social health through strong community bonds created by shared practices.
10 Religion on the Road: How Chinese Migrants Adapted Popular Religion to an American Context Kathryn Gin Lum
This chapter reconstructs the religious atmosphere in which the Chinese railroad workers who constructed the Central Pacific Railroad lived and labored by surveying the popular religious milieu in which they would have participated in China, the written evidence of white observers, and the material evidence of the temples in which they might have worshipped in the United States. This chapter pieces together a portrait of a people determined and largely able to continue and adapt popular Chinese religious practices to an often-hostile environment, and of a small but significant few who found meaning in the teachings of missionaries
11 Tracking Memory: Encounters between Chinese Railroad Workers and Native Americans Hsinya Huang
This chapter explains the alliance between Native Americans and Chinese laborers during and after construction of the Central Pacific Railroad. Interpretations of oral histories from tribal archives move beyond available documentation surrounding Chinese labor and trace the interactive experiences of these workers with native peoples as they entered new environments and indigenous landscapes. Chinese and Native Americans suffered similar plights in providing labor for the United States to move forward into modernity, and they indeed constitute mirror images of each other.
12 Railroad Frames: Landscapes and the Chinese Railroad Worker in Photography, 18651869 Denise Khor
This chapter reveals that photographs taken by Alfred A. Hart, Andrew Russell, Charles Savage, Carleton Watkins, and others function as a material record of the labor of the thousands of Chinese who built the transcontinental railroad. The images circulated in the railroad company archive and were reproduced for popular consumption to promote railway travel and the expansion of the western frontier. While their working conditions and subjection to racial violence were muted in these photographic productions, the Chinese presence underscored the power of the railroad to transform the natural landscape. The railroad photographs offered the first glimpse of a West that would soon attract many settlers from other regions and formed a significant part of the canon of western landscape photography.
13 'Les fils du Ciel': European Travelers' Accounts of Chinese Railroad Workers Greg Robinson
Despite their indispensable contribution in blood and toil, the surviving record on the daily living and work experience of the Chinese railroad workers remains scarce. This chapter reveals that during the period that the Chinese immigrants were employed in railroad construction in the United States, their presence and labor were attested to by a host of foreign witnesses, especially French people, who passed through the Pacific West. The letters, diaries, and travel narratives that these visitors assembled, the majority of which were originally published in French, provide vital information about the Chinese workers. What is more, these travel narratives offer a novel perspective on the unfolding debate in American circles over Chinese immigration and clearly suggest the international resonance of these issues
14 The Chinese Railroad Worker in United States History Textbooks: A Historical Genealogy, 1849-1965 William Gow
This essay reveals the emergence of the Chinese railroad worker in American history textbooks in the Progressive Era. The Chinese railroad worker became a staple of the nation's textbooks during a moment when large-scale immigration from southern and eastern Europe, the growth of the American empire in the Pacific and the Caribbean, and an increasingly multiethnic urban population challenged the vision many Americans had of the nation's global relationships. Between the passage of the 1882 Chinese Exclusion Act and the 1924 Immigration Act, the Progressive ideology of "social betterment" became linked with notions of whiteness and civilization, creating an immigration policy rooted in quotas and exclusion. This essay argues that the cultural contradictions inherent in the Chinese railroad worker allowed the figure to simultaneously represent the hopes and the anxieties that many U.S.-born whites had about immigration in general during the Progressive Era.
15 Representing Chinese Railroad Workers in North America: Chinese Historiography and Literature, 19492015 Yuan Shu
This chapter analyzes Chinese historiography of the Chinese railroad workers in North America, divided into three periods since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949: the anti-colonialist and anti-imperialist period from 1949 to 1978, the reform and opening period from 1978 to 2000, and the rise of China period from 2000 to the present. In this research, the heightened profile of the railroad workers should be understood in terms of what Paul Kennedy calls "the rise and fall of great powers" and also in relation to the changes in the relationship in the twenty-first century between the United States and China.
16 History Lessons: Remembering Chinese Railroad Workers in Dragon's Gate and Donald Duk Pin-chia Feng
In response to the persistent racialized practice of Asian alienation, and to make present the contributions of nineteenth-century Chinese railroad workers in the United States, Chinese American writers have long engaged in various writing projects to right this wrong. This chapter focuses on the plots of two Chinese American novels featuring teenage characters: Laurence Yep's Dragon's Gate (1993) and Frank Chin's Donald Duk (1991). Narrating stories of formation about different generations of Chinese America and in different narrative modes—realistic for Dragon's Gate and fantastic for Donald Duk—these two novels clearly present a common desire to make up for the absence of the Chinese railroad labor force in the American national imagination.
17 The Chinese as Railroad Builders after Promontory Shelley Fisher Fishkin
This chapter documents for the first time the role Chinese workers played in building the rail infrastructure of the US during the two decades after the Transcontinental Railroad was completed—a time when the railroad mileage of the US tripled, transforming the nation's economy and social fabric. The Chinese played a key role in this frenzy of railroad construction not only in the West, the Northwest, and the Southwest (as well as Canada), but also in the South, the Midwest, and even the Northeast. This chapter documents what they did and where; what they did when the terms of their contract were violated; what hazardous conditions they were exposed to; what forms of hostility they encountered; and what they accomplished.
18 The Construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway and the Transpacific Chinese Diaspora, 18801885 Zhongping Chen
This essay uses sources relating to the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) to examine how its Chinese labor contractors led the large-scale laborer migration from China to Canada and the United States in the early 1880s despite the racist attempts to halt Asian immigration. It also reveals how both Chinese labor contractors and laborers for the CPR created organizations to develop new transpacific relations with their homeland, mainstream Canadian society, and their compatriots throughout North America. Thus, this study distinguishes itself from previous scholarship on the subject with a broad focus on the contributions of these railroad builders to the transpacific Chinese diaspora.
19 Beyond Railroad Work: Chinese Contributions to the Development of Winnemucca and Elko, Nevada Sue Fawn Chung
The important role of the Chinese railroad workers in contributing to the development of railroad towns in the American West is exemplified in two Nevada towns: Winnemucca and Elko. In both towns the former Chinese railroad workers and their American-born descendants had a significant impact on the development of the American West. Unlike many ephemeral rail line settlements, both have endured and remain important towns along the first transcontinental route between Sacramento and Salt Lake City. As in many western rural communities, while the first generation tried to maintain their cultural heritage by celebrating major traditional holidays like New Year's and Qingming and maintaining contact with their birth villages, the children who were born in the United States and educated in the public school system became more Americanized.
20 The Remarkable Life of a Sometimes Railroad Worker: Chin Gee Hee, 18441929 Beth Lew-Williams
Based on available immigration files, court records, newspapers, diplomatic correspondence, appeals to the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association (known as the Six Companies), private letters, a personal account book, photographs, and family lore,this chapter examines one particular voice amongthe thousands of Chinese migrants who worked on the transcontinental railroads – Chin Gee Hee (also known as Chen Yi Xi).Chin became a labor contractor, supplier, ticket agent, and railroad financier and developer in Toishan (Taishan) China. Chin's story cannot stand in for all Chinese railroad workers, but this chapter considers how his life was typical and atypical of Chinese railroad workers. Through examining Chin's work as a labor contractor, the chapter also sheds light on the workers in his employ.His effortsto protect as well as exploit his countrymen provide insight into the precarious existence of Chinese railroad workers.
21 The Chinese and the Stanfords: Nineteenth-Century America's Fraught Relationship with the China Men Gordon H. Chang
The Stanfords were the most influential people over the lives of 19th century Chinese in America. They employed directly or indirectly thousands of Chinese who worked on the transcontinental railroad, on their many huge estates, farms, and enterprises. Hundreds worked in their homes and on their "farm" that became the campus of Stanford University. Leland Stanford frequently voiced opinions about Chinese which ranged from the grossly prejudiced to complimentary and supportive. The relationship between the Chinese and the Stanfords is emblematic of the complicated and complex history of Chinese in America.


The prophecies of the ancient Americas speak about this time in history as a period of great transformation, a time to make an extraordinary difference in the world. They foretell of a new human appearing on the planet – a person of wisdom and power who lives free of fear and resides in their eternal nature; accepting stewardship for all creation.
The rites of the Munay-Ki are the energetic "codes" for this new human known as "Homo-Luminous" or "Light Being". The Munay-Ki are the nine great rites of initiation of the medicine way, which come from the ancient men and women known as the Laika. The nine rites, which are received as "seeds" have the solid vessel necessary for them to grow within and the fertile soil that nurtures them to blossom fully.
The Rites of the Munay-Ki are experienced in the form of energetic transmissions that shift the luminous energy field. They are a nine step process to heal the wounds of the past – our karmic & genetic inheritance. They help us to step into the fullness of our nature by transforming our human energy field and re-informing our DNA, enabling us to grow a new body – one that ages, heals, and dies differently.
Now is the time to step into your own inner healing journey, an opportunity to source from the extraordinary world of creation. The choice is yours and we each are making the choice, now. The Munay-Ki is your invitation to step into an alchemical transformation, a journey of healing. Stepping into the world of creators, who choose to dream an entire new world into being.
Healers Rite – This rite allows you to avail yourself of the support of Earthkeepers and shamans of the past. It is a lineage link that allows for personal healing and tremendous spiritual support during meditation and sleep time. Past personal wounds are healed as well as those of our ancestors.
Harmony Rites – In this rite you receive seven archetypes introduced as seeds into your chakras. You receive the archetype of the serpent, jaguar, hummingbird, eagle and archangels. In addition the keeper of the lower world, the middle world and the upper world are introduced into the upper chakras.
These seeds germinate with fire; a ceremony of several fire meditations helps them to awaken and grow. Once these seeds are initiated they help to combust the psychic sludge that has built up in your chakras allowing the initial true light to shine as you acquire your rainbow body. This rite will help you to shed your past.
Seer Rites - Filaments of light are installed from the visual cortex in the back of your head and linked to your third eye and heart chakras. This practice allows you to perceive the invisible world of energy all around you within a few months.
Daykeeper Rites – The Daykeepers were the masters of the altars of stone found in the sacred sites around the world, Machu Picchu, Stonehenge etc. After receiving this rite you will be able to call upon the power of these sacred sites to heal and bring balance to the world. This energetic transmission rite connects you to the shamans of the past.
Wisdomkeeper Rites – It is said that the Wisdomkeepers were medicine men and women who stepped outside of time and defeated death. Their job was to protect the medicine teachings and share them when it was appropriate. According to legend ancient wisdom resides in the high mountains, a domain of power and a place to confer with the divine; Mt. Sinai, Fuji and Mt. Olympus to name a few. Receiving this rite will help you to step out of time and encounter infinity.
Earthkeeper Rites – This rite will connect you with a lineage of archangels that guard our galaxy. They are supposedly as tall as trees and are human in form. When you receive this rite you become a steward of all life on earth and come under the direct protection of these archangels. You can also summon their power when you need to bring healing and balance to a situation. You will learn the ways of prophecy and assist with dreaming the world into being.
Starkeeper Rite – This rite protects you and keeps you safe until after the great changes of 2012. Your physical body will be resistant to diseases you once were vulnerable too. The aging process slows downs and it helps you to evolve towards Homo Luminous or the rainbow body. You also acquire more stewardship of the time to come and all future generations.
Creator Rites - this rite was gifted for the first time by the Inka elders of the Andes in 2006. Initially the transmission of this rite was only available from spirit to human and not from human to human. This rite awakens the God-light within you. You have stewardship for all creation, including the galaxies. If you were not really creating anything before you will be doing so after receiving this initiation.


text:
trebles
The Temper
Setting of Herbert's poem for SATB, orchestra, piano solo, and five (5) chanting choirs. Composed for the 60th anniversary of the National Cathedral School and involving all 380 students.
Psalm 24 – The Earth is the Lord's
Commissioned by Chevy Chase Presbyterian Church for their 50th Anniversary in 1974.
Father, in thy gracious keeping
Ineffably sweet. It ends in A major, a half-step down from where is starts. The orchestral double-reed / horn / string accompaniment is deluxe and has a gorgeous violin descant for the fourth verse.
Carol of the Angels
Thank we all, Our God
Give thanks unto the Lord (Bonum est confiteri)
Deer Walk upon our mountains
Alleluia, A Newe Work is Come
From the 1961 York Cycle Play music. Also available as a movement in the 1965 Suite for Organ, Trumpet and Handbells (D. 513).
A haunting major / minor nocturne, suitable for unison or solo voices with optional flute obbligato.
Christians to the Paschal Victim
Christ is now Risen again
Jubilate Deo
Audio & Video Dirksen's first published work (1960) bears several life-long trademarks: A "scattered" introduction which sets mood & tempo but not theme; far-flung harmonies suavely coming and going (E-flat minor in a D minor piece), and the first of many lovely Amens (compare the end of his late F#-minor Mag and Nunc). Also of note: the sotto voce Gloria mimics the traditional liturgical bow at that point in the canticle.
Song of the Redeemed
Dirksen compliments Her Majesty by incorporating "The Queens Change" in the Gloria Patri. He uses it in his final anthem Sing, ye faithful as well.
Preces & Responses Rite I – Trebles only
Magnificat & Nunc Dimittis in F# minor
Full score & video.
Communion Service in E minor – Rite I
Score & video. The Gloria is in my TOP THREE Dirksen pieces. Less than three minutes long, it opens with a liturgical joke and ends with an explosive Amen. Note his tempo!
Communion Service in C minor – Rite II
Score & audio. A two-part setting.
A Festival of Plays
The Conversion and Baptism of Saul
Score & audio. A seven-minute liturgical drama.
A Celebration of the Transfiguration
Score & audio. This material has many components in various styles and can be used in many different forms.
The Ballad of the Transfiguration
Once sung. never forgotten.


text:
\section{Introduction}

\gls{AFM}~\cite{BinnigPRL1986} operating in one of the dynamic modes~\cite{PerezSurfSciRep2002,GiessiblRevModPhys2003} is one of the most powerful techniques for imaging and manipulating materials at the nanoscale.  Combining the atomic resolution provided by the frequency modulation mode with the functionalization of the metal tip with a CO molecule, FM-AFM is able to produce a striking view of  the internal structure of molecules~\cite{GrossScience2009}.  We refer to this combination as \gls{HRAFM}. This development, together with the AFM ability to address individual molecules~\cite{GrossScience2009,PavlicekNatRev2017}, has opened up new research avenues,
including  the individual discrimination of hundreds of molecules in complex mixtures~\cite{SchulerJACS2015}, the determination of the bond order for each of the bonds in large polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons~\cite{GrossScience2012},  the visualization of atomic-scale charge distributions~\cite{GrossScience2009b,MohnNatNano2012}, and the characterization  of the reaction process and the intermediate products in on-surface chemical reactions~\cite{deOteyzaScience2013,KawaiNatComm2016b,kawai2017competing,schulz2017precursor}.

Understanding the contrast in AFM images is a big challenge.
The frequency shift  \(\Delta f\) measured in the experiments depends on the complex interplay between the total force acting on the tip during the whole oscillation cycle~\cite{GiessiblPRB1997} and different  operational parameters such as the tip-sample distance,  the oscillation amplitude of the cantilever, the cantilever stiffness, and on the details of the attachment of  the CO molecule to the metal tip, that result in different values of the CO tilting stiffness.
A combination of experiments and theoretical simulations have paved the way for the identification of key factors controlling  \(\Delta f\). Earlier work showed that the CO-terminated tip \gls{AFM} contrast is mainly controlled by the Pauli repulsion between the lone pair of the oxygen atom in the CO molecule and the charge density of the sample~\cite{GrossScience2009,Moll2010}. This main contribution is modulated by the interaction with the sample's electrostatic field~\cite{VanDerLitPRL2016,HapalaNatComm2016,EllnerNanoLett2016}, and the effect of both force components is enhanced by the probe tilting~\cite{GrossScience2012,HapalaPRB2014,ellner2019molecular}.
The complex interplay of these interactions, particularly in the case of molecular systems --where they depend on the structure, chemical composition and internal torsion-- makes the interpretation of the experimental features highly non trivial. AFM simulation models with different complexity and accuracy~\cite{MollNJP2012, HapalaPRB2014,HapalaPRL2014,GuoJPCC2015,SakaiNanoLett2016,EllnerNanoLett2016,LeePRB2017,ellner2019molecular} have been developed to compute theoretical \gls{AFM} images using as input the geometry of the molecule. They have allowed to fully understand not only the intramolecular contrast~\cite{MollNJP2012, HapalaPRB2014,HapalaPRL2014,GuoJPCC2015,SakaiNanoLett2016} but also the imaging of intermolecular features on hydrogen and halogen bonded systems~\cite{ellner2019molecular,Tschakert2020natcomm,zahl2021TMA}.

While some of these simulation methods are extremely fast, the most accurate ones, retaining a precision similar to density functional theory (DFT) in the determination of the tip--sample forces, require at least a calculation of the charge densities of the tip and sample and the electrostatic potential of the sample. This can be done with standard DFT codes but it's time consuming and requires some theoretical skills that are not always available within experimental groups.
Data bases of theoretical AFM images calculated with accurate simulation methods are an alternative for the interpretation of experimental images. We have recently introduced
QUAM--AFM~\cite{QUAM-AFM_repository,QUAM-AFM_repository_CM}, a data set generated from 686K organic molecules, whose geometries have been downloaded form the \href{https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov}{PubChem} repository~\cite{bolton1,kim2016pubchem}. The selected molecules contain the four basic elements of organic chemistry (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen) plus some other less common elements which are still frequent on organic compounds like sulfur, phosphorus and the halogen atoms (fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine), and include the most relevant structures and chemical moieties.  In order to support a broad range of experimental conditions, QUAM--AFM contains 165M AFM images simulated for each of those molecules using 240 different combinations of operational parameters (tip-sample distance, oscillation amplitude, and CO tilting stiffness). They represent a computational effort that exceeds 2.5 million hours.
Given the comprehensive variety of molecular structures provided by QUAM--AFM, it is likely that AFM images for a molecule similar to the one considered in a hypothetical experiment are available, but identifying this related compound would not be easy, even with the search options provided within the data set. Furthermore, it is impossible to account for the factorial growth of possible structures compatible with the combination rules of organic chemistry.

In this paper, we introduce a new, extremely fast, and easy--to--use approach to simulate \gls{AFM} images based on a deep learning model, that avoids all force calculations, and uses as the only input a 2D ball--and--stick depiction of the molecule, where balls of different colors and radii represent the atomic species, and sticks correspond to the covalent bonds.
In particular, we have used a \gls{CGAN}~\cite{isola2017image}, a neural network model that maps each input image to an output image.
Our \gls{CGAN} has been designed and trained to take as input the  2D ball--and--stick image of a molecule and to produce as output a set of 10 constant--height \gls{AFM} images at different tip-sample distances. As explained below, training, validation and testing has been carried out using information from QUAM--AFM, which provides both the ball-and-stick depiction and 3D stacks of constant-height \gls{HRAFM} images simulated under different operation conditions for each of the molecules. The analysis of the results has been performed by visual comparison of the target images (from QUAM--AFM) for molecules not included in the training set and those generated by our \gls{CGAN}.  It clearly demonstrates that the model provides an efficient and simple alternative to simulate  \gls{HRAFM} images for a relevant range of tip--sample distances, identifies the best data for the training,  and highlights its limitations for molecules with a significant internal torsion, due to the strictly 2D character of the input.

The \gls{CGAN} has been used in a wide variety of applications, ranging from the medical field with the detection of covid-19~\cite{loey2020deep} or brain tumors~\cite{yu2018} from the results of different medical imaging techniques, through common deep learning fields such as synthetic data generation~\cite{Torkzadehmahani2019,ramponi2018t}, image denoising~\cite{Ma2018} or person re-identification~\cite{tang2020cgan}.
Deep learning has been already used in the AFM field.  \gls{CNN} has been employed for the determination of molecular geometries~\cite{alldritt2020automated}  and the prediction of electrostatic fields~\cite{Foster2022ACSNano}  from \gls{HRAFM} images, while graph neural networks (GNNs) have been applied to extract molecular graphs~\cite{Foster2022MRSbulletin}. The combination of AFM imaging with Bayesian Inference and DFT calculations has been used  to determine the adsorption configurations for a known molecule~\cite{jarvi2021}. In previous work, we have demonstrated that it is possible to achieve a complete chemical identification of the structure and composition of a molecule from a 3D stack of constant--height  \gls{HRAFM} images using two different approaches: (i) a \gls{M-RNN}, that produces as output the IUPAC name of the molecule~\cite{IUPAC_Identification}, and, (ii) a  \gls{CGAN}, that provides a 2D ball--and-stick model of the imaged molecule~\cite{CGAN_Identification}. To the best of our knowledge, deep learning has not been used before to perform theoretical AFM simulations.

The rest of the paper is organized as follows. \Cref{Sec:Methods} describes the structure and operation of the \gls{CGAN} (\cref{Sec:CGAN}) and the training details (\cref{Sec:training}). Results are presented in~\cref{Sec:results}, where the performance of  our \gls{CGAN} is analyzed for different training subsets that are characterized by the maximum internal corrugation of the molecules considered during the training, and by the value of the cantilever oscillation amplitude used for the simulation of the training images.
We end up with the conclusions
and an outlook for possible future work.

\section{Methods}\label{Sec:Methods}

\subsection{Our CGAN for AFM simulations}\label{Sec:CGAN}

A \gls{CGAN} includes two sub-networks, known as generator and discriminator (see \cref{Fig:CAN_simulations}). Before describing the detailed block structure of the two networks, we focus on explaining how they operate during the training process. The ball-and-stick depictions and 3D stacks of \gls{HRAFM} images contained in a subset of QUAM--AFM  are used as input and target images during the training (see~\cref{Sec:training} for details on  training hyper parameters).

\begin{figure}[p]
\centering
\includegraphics[clip=true, width=0.8\columnwidth]{./complete_simulator.png}
 \caption{Representation of our \gls{CGAN}, composed of two networks: (a) generator -- with encoder and decoder-- and (b) discriminator.  During training, each ball-and-stick molecular depiction feeds the encoder, which transforms the input into a compressed representation of the molecule to be subsequently reconstructed by the decoder as a stack of 10 constant--height \gls{HRAFM} images for different tip-sample distances. Once the AFM images are generated, the discriminator network tests how good is the simulation produced by the generator network, trying to guess if the if the \gls{HRAFM} images provided as input ( together with the ball-and-stick depiction) are the real ones or have been produced by the generator network. The confrontation of the two networks in a zero-sum game, with the generator improving its performance to fool the discriminator, provides an extremely efficient training. Once training is finished, the discriminator is discarded and the generator is ready to be used to predict the \gls{HRAFM} images for any molecule from its ball-and-stick depiction.
Regarding structure, yellow boxes in the generator encoder and the discriminator represent blocks consisting of a 2D convolutional layer with batch normalization activated with \gls{lrelu}, the blue ones correspond to dropout layers, while the green boxes in the generator decodes stand for  blocks with a 2D transposed convolutional layer with batch normalization activated with \gls{relu} activation (except for the one previous to the output, that is activated with a hyperbolic tangent function). A detailed description of each layer can be found in appendix~\ref{app:CGAN}.}
\label{Fig:CAN_simulations}
\end{figure}

The generator has a U-Net structure, where both the encoder and decoder are convolutional networks (see \cref{Fig:CAN_simulations}).
In our implementation, each ball-and-stick molecular depiction feeds the encoder, which transforms the input into a compressed representation of the molecule to be subsequently reconstructed by the decoder as a stack of 10 constant--height \gls{HRAFM} images for different tip-sample distances. Once the AFM images are generated, the discriminator network tests how good is the simulation produced by the generator network.
Either the generator prediction or the real stack of simulated \gls{HRAFM} images, together with the ball-and-stick depiction, are alternatively used to feed the discriminator, which compares patches of the two inputs (the 3D stack and the molecular depiction) to find out if the \gls{HRAFM} images are the real ones or have been produced by the generator network.
The overall loss function of the \gls{CGAN}~\cite{isola2017image}, that quantifies its performance during the training, simultaneously depends on the predictions performed by the generator (comparing the predicted and real images using an L1 norm) and by the discriminator, determining if the images are the predicted or real ones.  In this way, both generator and discriminator try to minimize their losses in a confrontation in which the success of one network forces the other one to improve its predictions. This zero-sum game is a key factor in the performance of  \gls{CGAN}s.
 Once the training is completed, the discriminator is discarded and the generator is ready to be used to predict the \gls{HRAFM} images for any molecule from its ball-and-stick depiction.

The block structure of  the generator and discriminator is also displayed in \cref{Fig:CAN_simulations}.  Both the generator encoder and discriminator blocks are comprised of a convolutional layer, sequentially followed by a batch normalization and a \gls{lrelu} activation. The generator decoder blocks follow a similar scheme, whereby convolution is replaced by transposed convolution and \gls{relu} is used as the activation function, except in the last block, that is activated with a hyperbolic tangent function. Note that each encoder output feeds the next encoder block and, in addition, the decoder block with the same image size (see \cref{Fig:CAN_simulations}). A detailed description of each of the blocks for the two networks can be found in appendix~\ref{app:CGAN}.

\subsection{CGAN training}\label{Sec:training}

As already mentioned above,  we rely on information from the QUAM--AFM data set for the training of our  \gls{CGAN}. In particular,  we use the ball-and-stick depictions contained in QUAM--AFM to feed the generator and the stack of 10 \gls{AFM} images at different tip-to-sample distances as the target output to compare with the generator predictions. A random value in the range of [0.85,1.15] is selected to apply the zoom to each input-output pair during the training.

\gls{HRAFM} images depend significantly on the internal torsion of the molecule (i.e the differences in height among its constituent atoms), and on operational \gls{AFM} parameters,such as the cantilever oscillation amplitude,  that can be controlled at will during experiment. In our work, we have explored the influence of both factors in the performance of our model. To this end, we have chosen for the training subsets of QUAM--AFM that only include images from molecules with maximum value in the internal height differences in a given range and where a particular value for the oscillation amplitude has been used for the image simulation. Other factors, such as  the torsional stiffness of the CO molecule, that depends on the detailed attachment of the molecule to the metal tip, have been kept fixed (in this case, with a value of 0.4~N/m).

The different subsets used for the training are described together with the performance of the resulting models in~\cref{Sec:results}.
All the trainings were performed with the same hyperparameter selection (epochs, batches and batch size) and were optimized in the same way. In particular, a L1 norm was used for the generator --compiled with \gls{MAE} (using the parameter $\lambda=100$ defined by Isola~\textit{et al.}~\cite{isola2017image})--, while the binary cross entropy was used as loss function for the discriminator. The model was minimized by applying batches of 32 inputs with the \gls{Adam} optimiser, where the learning rate and first moment parameters were set to $2\cdot 10^{-4}$ and $0.5$ respectively. The model was trained during 100K iterations, displaying 300 predictions of the validation set to estimate the optimal weights every 10.000 iterations.

\section{Results and Discussion}\label{Sec:results}

As mentioned above, the performance of  our \gls{CGAN} has been analyzed for different training subsets. Each subset only includes  images for  molecules with internal corrugation below a given value and that have been simulated with a certain value of the cantilever oscillation amplitude.
Once trained, we have tested the model with a total of 1.000 structures that were randomly selected from the test set.
The test was conducted by comparing predictions from the trained generator network with the ground truth (the real simulated \gls{HRAFM} images) visually.

\begin{figure}[t!]
\centering
\includegraphics[clip=true, width=1.0\columnwidth]{./test_1.png}
\caption{(a) Ball--and-stick depiction, (b) and (d) \gls{HRAFM} simulations, and (c) and (e) \gls{CGAN} predictions for 2-bromo-4-chloro-6-[[(5-iodopyridin-2-yl)amino]methylidene]cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one. The chemical species represented by balls in (a) are carbon (grey), hydrogen (white), bromine (maroon), chlorine (lime), iodine (purple), nitrogen (blue) and oxygen (red). The \gls{HRAFM} images have been calculated with an oscillation amplitude of 0.4 \r{A} and a tilting stiffness of 0.4 $N/m$. The same simulation parameters were used to generate the images with which the model was trained. Only molecules whose maximum height difference between atoms is less than 0.5 \r{A} were included in the training set.}
\label{Fig:Test_Background}
\end{figure}

\Cref{Fig:Test_Background}  shows the stack of  \gls{HRAFM} images predicted for 2-bromo-4-chloro-6-[[(5-iodopyridin-2-yl)amino]methylidene]cyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-one by the model trained with images simulated with an oscillation amplitude of 0.4 \r{A} and a tilting stiffness of 0.4~$N/m$ for molecules with corrugation --the maximum height difference between the constituent atoms-- below 0.5\r{A}. While the predictions  for the most relevant  tip--sample distances (2.8--3.2 \r{A}, (\cref{Fig:Test_Background}c) are in striking agreement with the real simulations (\cref{Fig:Test_Background}b), at longer distances, they still reproduce reasonably well the intramolecular contrast but fail to display correctly the surrounding background (see \cref{Fig:Test_Background}e and d).
Tip--sample distances are defined from the oxygen of the CO molecule to the average molecular plane (the average height of the atoms in the molecule), following the prescription used in the QUAM--AFM data set used for the training.
Starting with the intramolecular contrast, the model predicts the structure of the \gls{AFM} images with high accuracy. The molecule shown in \cref{Fig:Test_Background} contains C, H, N, O, Cl, Br and I, almost all the chemical species in the QUAM-AFM dataset. For each of the halogens, the model correctly predicts the characteristic image feature associated with these atoms~\cite{ellner2019molecular,Tschakert2020natcomm}, a rather elongated oval  perpendicular to the C--halogen bond centered at the position of the halogen, and its evolution with the tip--sample distance.
Similarly, predictions of the \gls{AFM} features caused by nitrogen (e.g. the sharper vertex induced in the ring by the N lone pair~\cite{ellner2019molecular}) and by the oxygen electronegativity~\cite{zahl2021TMA} are accurately reproduced.

Continuing the analysis with the contrast shown in the background, we assign the error shown in \cref{Fig:Test_Background}d for large tip-sample distances to two factors:
Firstly, \gls{CGAN} introduces a \gls{MAE} (or L1 norm as denoted in ref.~\cite{isola2017image}) in the loss function. During training, the optimisation process seeks a balance between the sharpness of the output image and the objects in it. The generator must not only fool the discriminator, but also approach the ground truth output in a L1 sense. A priori the results are better with this combination. However, by using the L1 norm in the minimisation, we also introduce a blur filter, well known in deep learning \cite{pmlr-v48-larsen16,isola2017image}. This contribution is responsible for the white patches on the grey background.
Secondly, the \gls{AFM} contrast depends on both the chemical species in the sample and their distance to the CO molecule at the tip. Since, during the training of this model, we have fed it with ball-and-stick depictions and \gls{HRAFM} images of molecules with a corrugation below 0.5\r{A} height difference, the range of distances explored to differentiate the moleculeformx its surroundings is limited. We believe, that with this training,  the model does not have enough information to predict the contrast change in the background accurately.

\begin{figure}[t!]
\centering
\includegraphics[clip=true, width=1.0\columnwidth]{./test_2.png}
\caption{ (a)  Ball--and-stick depiction, and (b) height map for the 9,11-diazapentacyclo[12.8.0.0\textsuperscript{2,7}.0\textsuperscript{8,13}.0\textsuperscript{15,20}]docosa-1(14),2,4,6,8,10,12,15,17,19,21-undecaene molecule.
(c) \gls{HRAFM} simulations, (d) and (e) \gls{CGAN} predictions for models trained with molecules with a maximum height difference between atoms of 0.5 and 1.1 \r{A} respectively. Simulation parameters for (c) and for the images used in the training are 0.4 $N/m$ for the tilting stiffness and 0.4 \r{A} for the oscillation amplitude. The color code for the chemical species in (a) is the same one used in \cref{Fig:Test_Background}.}
\label{Fig:Test_Height}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[t!]
\centering
\includegraphics[clip=true, width=1.0\columnwidth]{./test_3.png}
\caption{(a)  Ball--and-stick depiction for
3-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)-N-(3-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide, used as input to the model. The color code for the chemical species in (a) is the same one used in \cref{Fig:Test_Background}. (b) \gls{AFM} simulations with amplitude 0.4 \r{A} and  (c) the corresponding prediction, (d) simulations with amplitude 1.0 \r{A} and (e) the prediction. These results show that, while the intramolecular contrast is correct in both cases,  the model improves its accuracy in the prediction of the background when images calculated with smaller oscillation amplitudes are used in the training.}
\label{Fig:Test_Amplitude}
\end{figure}

Considering the limited  information provided by a 2D ball--and--stick depiction for molecules with non-negligible internal torsion, we have explored the \gls{CGAN} performance for these molecules, comparing the results produced by models optimized with two different training subsets:  one includes  molecules with maximum corrugations below 0.5 \r{A} (this is the one also used in~\cref{Fig:Test_Background}, while the other extends the posible internal height difference to  1.1 \r{A} .
 \Cref{Fig:Test_Height}  shows the predictions of these two models for the 9,11-diazapentacyclo[12.8.0.0\textsuperscript{2,7}.0\textsuperscript{8,13}.0\textsuperscript{15,20}]docosa-
\linebreak 1(14),2,4,6,8,10,12,15,17,19,21-undecaene molecule.
 %
Despite being a molecule with a marked 3D structure, in both cases the \gls{CGAN} is predicting images that would correspond to a planar structure, i.e. in the prediction, the intramolecular bonds do not reflect the torsion of the molecule. However, differences can be seen in the predictions coming from each different training subset. For example, the contours in the closest image (2.8 \r{A}) are better defined when molecules with smaller height differences are used in the training of the model (compare~\cref{Fig:Test_Height}~(d) with \cref{Fig:Test_Height}~(e)). The prediction of contrast change in the overall test is also more accurate when the training is performed with flatter molecules.
Since the new model is still unable to capture the internal torsion of the molecule and does not improve the description of the contrast evolution, training with molecules with a strong torsion is unfavorable.
This result can be understood considering how the optimization process works. We are introducing an additional variable in the final result but we are not providing the corresponding input information. Therefore, the generator is unable to reproduce the output. This leads to an increase in the value of the loss function when calculating the L1 norm between the prediction and the ground truth. In turn, the information about the torsion is not provided to the discriminator either, so the generator learns to fool the discriminator very easily. This leads to a minimisation offset as the loss function is not balanced.

Finally, we consider the effect of changing the oscillation amplitude used in the training images.
\Cref{Fig:Test_Amplitude} shows the predictions for 3-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)-N-(3-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide form models trained with images simulated  with oscillation amplitudes 0.4 \r{A} and 1.0 \r{A} (\cref{Fig:Test_Amplitude}c and e, respectively).  These results are compared to the true simulations with the corresponding oscillations amplitudes (\cref{Fig:Test_Amplitude}b and d, respectively).
Although there are small variations in the intramolecular contrast, the main difference between the simulations is in the image background, that changes significantly with the tip--sample distance when the larger oscillation amplitude is used. The predictions of the \gls{HRAFM} images in \cref{Fig:Test_Amplitude}c and e show that, while the intramolecular contrast is accurately reproduced in both cases, the model improves its performance in the prediction of the background when images calculated with smaller oscillation amplitudes are used in the training.

\section{Conclusions}\label{Sec:conclusions}

We have shown that a  \gls{CGAN} provides an efficient and simple alternative to simulate  \gls{HRAFM} images for a relevant range of tip--sample distances, using as the only input, the 2D ball--and--stick depiction of the molecule. We have determined its performance for different training subsets defined in terms of two key parameters: the maximum internal torsion of the molecules include in the set, and the oscillation amplitude used for the simulation of the training images.
Our  \gls{CGAN} reproduces accurately the intramolecular contrast observed in the simulated  \gls{HRAFM} images for quasi--planar molecules (with a corrugation of less that 0.5\AA). The prediction of the image background deteriorates for larger tip-sample distances, but it can be improved using small oscillation amplitudes for the training. This problem with the background can be traced back to the L1 norm introduced in the optimization of the generator. While this choice is useful for the combined minimization of
the generator and the discriminator, it also introduces a blur filter that is responsible for the irregular patches observed in the background.
Due to the limited information provided by the strictly 2D input, predictions for molecules with significant internal corrugation correspond  to planar structures, failing to capture the contrast associated with the atomic height differences.

Looking into the future, the fact that the background prediction improves when images with small amplitudes are used in the training suggests a possible (but rather complex) alternative to improve the results: to parameterize tip-sample forces using machine learning techniques and, later on, to use them to calculate the frequency shift.  This alternative approach should also reduce the problem of blurred filters in the background because doing the integral to calculate the frequency shift would result in a smoother output. Machine-learning force fields have been already developed for different materials and applications (see~\cite{Tkatchenko2021MLFF} for a review), but given the large number of chemical species involved in organic chemistry, we anticipate it would be difficult to achieve the generality provided by our \gls{CGAN}.
The 2D character of the ball--and--stick depiction limits the molecules that can be accurately simulated with this model. The development of a data input providing information about the relative heights of the atoms is a key point to be explored in the next work.

\begin{appendices}
\section{Detailed description of the CGAN blocks}\label{app:CGAN}

We provide here all the details necessary to reproduce our model. The \gls{CGAN} generator has an input of one image with three channels (RGB) and a target output of 10 images with a single channel (grayscale). The ball-and-stick depiction feeds an initial dropout layer with a rate of 0.4, followed by a 2D convolutional layer with 64 kernels, each one with size (4,4) and stride (2,2) and where padding is applied. The layer is activated with \gls{lrelu} function. This first block of layers is followed by a series of seven similar blocks (represented by yellow boxes in~\cref{Fig:CAN_simulations}) consisting of a sequence of a 2D convolution, followed by a batch normalisation and a \gls{lrelu} activation function with $\alpha=0.2$. All kernels of the convolutions have size (4,4) and are applied with a stride of (2,2). The 2D convolutional layers have 128, 256, 512, 512, 512, 512, 512 kernels, taking as reference the processing direction from the one closest to the input to the one closest to the compressed representation space. The outputs of the activations are used both to feed the next block of the encoder and to feed the decoder block of the same size. The generator decoder blocks, represented by green boxes in~\cref{Fig:CAN_simulations},  consist of another series of layers in which a transposed convolution, a batch normalization, a dropout layer (only in the three layers closest to the space of the compressed representation, see~\cref{Fig:CAN_simulations}), a concatenation with the output of the corresponding encoder block, and, finally, a \gls{relu} activation, except for the
output layer that is activated with an hyperbolic tangent.

The discriminator consists of a sequence of layers, initiated by a concatenation of all input images (note that we can consider the 10 \gls{AFM} images as a single image with 10 channels). It is followed by a 2D convolutional layer with 64 kernels of size (4,4) and stride of (2,2) activated with \gls{lrelu}. Then, it has four blocks consisting of a 2D convolutional layer, a batch normalization and a \gls{lrelu} activation ($\alpha=0.2$). The convolutions have 128, 256, 512 and 512 kernels with size (4,4) and stride (2,2) respectively. The last layer is a 2D convolution with a single kernel of size (4,4) which is activated with the sigmoid function.

\end{appendices}

\section*{Acknowledgments}
Support from the Comunidad de Madrid Industrial Doctorate programme 2017 under reference number IND2017/IND-7793 and from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (project PID2020-115864RB-I00) is gratefully acknowledged.  R.P. acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the ``Mar\'{\i}a de Maeztu'' Programme for Units of Excellence in R\&D (CEX2018-000805-M).

\newpage
\bibliographystyle{Science}

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Q: Получить первый знак строки jquery Есть
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таким макаром я получу все значение, а мне нужно только первый знак т.е. "+"
Как мне его получить?
A: valueField = $("#pos_price").val().substr(0,1);

A: valueField = jQuery('#pos_price').val()[0];

A: var a = "+20.25";
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Можно еще проще
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