Elite Airways LLC today announced new nonstop flights between Asheville Regional Airport (AVL) and Vero Beach Regional Airport (VRB) in Florida. The new flights, scheduled on Thursdays and Sundays between VRB and AVL will begin on May 25. Early-bird fares start at $179 each way and tickets are now on sale at 877-393-2510 and EliteAirways.com.
Elite Airways operates a fleet of Bombardier CRJ-200 and CRJ-700 jet airliners known for comfort and efficiency, and maintains an impeccable safety record. Passengers receive free onboard snacks and beverages, first checked bag up to 50lbs, and no ticketing change fees* (see website for details). Asheville is located within North Carolina's Blue Ridge Mountains and is known for a vibrant arts scene, national parks and hiking trails, and historic architecture. Vero Beach offers luxury beachfront living and resorts, world-class golf, dining, shopping, fine arts and cultural attractions.
"Nonstop jet service to Asheville is a unique addition at VRB, and one that has been highly sought after by passengers who would rather take a nonstop flight versus a ten hour drive. The airport is pleased to see new markets and travel opportunities open up to the area, and we thank Elite Airways for expanding its service at Vero Beach Regional Airport," said Airport Executive Director, Eric Menger.
Elite Airways LLC was founded in 2006 by airline veterans with the goal to provide passengers a better travel experience with nonstop flights, competitive prices and exceptional service. Elite Airways is a U.S. Part 121 Air Carrier and provides charter and scheduled service throughout the U.S., Canada, Mexico, Caribbean, and South America. The airline's routes connect underserved communities with popular destinations that include New York City/Newark, Portland ME, Asheville NC, Orlando-Melbourne, Sarasota-Bradenton, and Vero Beach FL, and the island of Bimini in the Bahamas. Headquartered in Portland Maine, Elite Airways' maintenance operations center is located in Melbourne on Florida's Space Coast. All scheduled flights are sold and operated by Elite Airways LLC, and available for purchase at www.eliteairways.com or by calling 877-393-2510.
*Starting fare for a one way ticket. **For Elite Airways flights, the first checked bag and carry-on will be free, $50.00 for a second checked bag, and $75.00 for the third checked bag per person. Each checked bag weighing between 51 and 70 pounds will be assessed a fee of $25 in addition to the checked bag fee. Each checked bag weighing between 71 and 100 pounds will be assessed a fee of $100. Visit EliteAirways.com for more details on our standard baggage service fee schedule. Dates of the advertised flights are subject to change in accordance with regulatory requirements. See the TSA website for a list of prohibited items.
(Asheville, N.C.) The newest show at the Asheville Regional Airport Art Gallery opens to the public today. Flourish showcases fine art from four local artists in a variety of mediums.The exhibit is on display now through June 2017.
Noticed in the exhibit is acrylic brush work from Michelle Baker, hangings by fiber artist Karen-Eve Bayne, organic metal structures by Mark Olivari, and oils on canvases by Mari Lou Solares.
Aptly suited to its name, Flourish lends itself to the welcoming of a new season in the Appalachian Mountains, by highlighting flourishing shapes, forms, and colors. The new exhibit tells a visual story through the arrangement of pliable fibers, rigid metal structures, and strategic brush strokes.
Flight crews will often tell you that the aircraft is pressurized for your comfort. While this is reassuring to hear, have you ever wondered what it actually means? What is cabin pressurization and why is it necessary?
While people can adapt to high altitudes, climbing and descending as quickly as an aircraft does would be extremely uncomfortable. The higher the altitude, the less oxygen there is in the air and the lower the overall air pressure is. If flights were not pressurized, passengers would be at risk of various physiological aliments. Because of this, federal regulations require that all commercial flights over 8,000 feet be pressurized.
So how does it work? Aircraft are pressurized by pumping cooled and humidified air into the aircraft's cabin during flight. This flow of air into the cabin is constant. Depending on the aircraft, this air can be bleed air (air generated by the engines), fresh air from outside or a mixture of both. The pressurization system is designed to slowly raise and lower the cabin altitude as a flight climbs and descends, to allow as gentle a transition as possible for passengers.
When your flight is zipping along at 40,000 feet, the pressure in the cabin will be similar to the pressure at 5,000 or 6,000 feet in elevation. This is a comfortable elevation for the human body, but is still not the same as being on the ground. Essentially, being in a pressurized cabin is more like standing on a small mountain than being on the ground at sea level, or even at Asheville's elevation of just over 2,000 feet. Most of the physiological quirks that some people experience when flying, like jet lag, are the result of the cabin altitude.
A depressurization event (when a pressurized aircraft loses cabin pressure for any reason) is extremely unlikely, but flight crews are trained extensively on how to handle them. In the event of a depressurization, oxygen masks will deploy for every passenger. Oxygen mask demonstrations are always a part of the flight attendant's safety briefing, and if you're a frequent flier, you could probably run the demonstration yourself after having seen it so many times. Oxygen masks are designed to deploy if the cabin altitude exceeds 14,000 feet for any reason. A little-known fact about oxygen masks is that there is typically an extra mask in every row of seats on a plane. This means an airplane with three seats on each side of the aisle will have eight masks in that row. These extra masks are for those traveling with a lap child (an infant in their lap), and is also why airlines have a restriction on the number of lap children that can be in any given row.
The number one priority in aviation is always safety, so you can be sure there are rules and regulations in place to govern safety around oxygen. For example, there must be enough oxygen on board to allow passengers to continue to breathe comfortably until the pilots can descend below 14,000 feet; there must be at least two hours' worth of oxygen on board for each member of the flight crew; and all commercial aircraft must be able to descend from their cruising altitude to 10,000 feet in ten minutes.
While we're on the subject, we may as well point out that the aircraft is pressurized from the cockpit to where the tail starts to narrow, and that includes the cargo area of the aircraft, so no need to worry about your furry friends traveling in cargo below – they're enjoying the comfort of the pressurized aircraft, too!
Asheville, N.C. – Asheville Regional Airport (AVL) is reporting the highest number of annual passengers in its 56-year history, with enplanements up 5.6% (414,606) and deplanements up 4.5% (412,042), for a total of 826,648 passengers flying in and out of the airport in 2016. This is a five percent increase over the previous record year, set in 2015, and sustains AVL as the fourth largest commercial service airport in North Carolina.
All four airlines at AVL – American, Allegiant, Delta and United – saw annual growth in passengers. The largest growth in enplanements by percentage was experienced by Allegiant (12.5%) and United (8.5%), due to additional routes and increased frequencies to existing routes. Specifically, Allegiant added less-than-daily non-stop service to three new destinations in 2016: Jacksonville, Fla. (summer seasonal); Washington, D.C. via Baltimore/ Washington International (seasonal); and New York City via Newark Liberty International. United increased flights and frequency of service to Chicago during peak travel times. American and Delta both experienced growth, as well.
In response to recent growth trends, the airport is constructing a new five-story parking garage, slated for completion later this year.
The most recent economic impact study conducted by the North Carolina Department of Transportation's Division of Aviation showed that AVL contributes more than half a billion dollars annually to the local economy, and generates more than 1,700 jobs. This economic impact will continue to grow as the airport grows.
We've got some serious air warriors out there – travelers we see every Monday, and welcome home at the end of each week. You're working hard around the globe, and banking some serious mileage!
Some business travelers fly less frequently, so we may not know you by name (yet) – but we sure would like to. We believe there are excellent benefits to designating Asheville Regional Airport as your airport of choice for your business travel, and here are the "top ten" on our list!
From mailing, faxing and printing services, recharge stations throughout the airport, and a quiet business center with private cubicle desks – we know you may need to take care of a few things before you board the plane.
With numerous parking options – including a lot across the street with 24/7 shuttle service directly to and from the front door of the terminal, you can step from your car and be in the terminal in a matter of minutes.
AVL is served by three legacy airlines that have excellent products designed just for business travelers. Learn more about business services: American | Delta | United. Of particular note, flights from AVL often have dual-class (first-class or business-class) service offered.
AVL is designed to provide a relaxing, easy experience before and after you board your plane. Enjoy a quiet corner in a rocking chair, or hang out at the bar overlooking the runway in the Blue Ridge Tavern where there are always local brews on tap. You may want to wander through the Art Gallery where works by local artists are displayed, or if you're lucky – you'll be in the terminal during one of the "Music on the Fly" pop-up concerts by local musicians, sponsored by Ashvegas.com.
Yes, we advise all travelers to arrive two hours before their flights. That's just prudent traveling. However, our TSA security lines are typically short … and when they do get long, the process is efficient. And if you're a TSA Pre-check customer, you can enjoy expedited screening at AVL. While there is not a dedicated Pre-check screening line, you won't have to remove your shoes, belts or jackets before screening.
The courteous airline, TSA and restaurant staff provide excellent customer service. We often hear from frequent business travelers that they love being greeted by name – that this small gesture makes them feel at home. That's our goal, because you ARE at home. AVL is your hometown airport, and we're proud of the service offered.
The presence of a vibrant airport significantly contributes to the economy. Because AVL is here, there are 1,700 jobs in our community, and the economic impact to the region is more than half a billion dollars annually. So, we always ask travelers to "check AVL first" for all of their air travel needs High utilization leads to a stronger airport. And guess what? Travelers ARE flying from AVL – we've experienced record-setting years of passenger growth. Thank you. We hope to welcome you back to the airport again soon!
In 2013, AVL was named the "best connected" regional airport in America by MIT's International Center for Air Transportation. Among airports our size, in communities like ours, AVL offers frequent daily connectivity on three legacy airlines via major international hubs (American, Delta and United). Additionally, AVL has point-to-point non-stop service to some key east coast leisure destinations on Allegiant.
Reason #1 to Fly4Biz from AVL: When you fly home, you're home.
Business travel is necessary, sometimes exciting (sometimes not), and can be exhausting. When you're done with the work at hand, we know you start thinking about home. You want to be there. Relaxing in your chair. Hiking on your favorite trail on the Parkway. Hanging out at your favorite brewery on the South Slope in Asheville, or just sleeping in your own bed. So, when you fly AVL for your business trips – the ease works in reverse. When you land, you see the mountains around you and sigh. HOME. You walk off the plane – grab your bag, and in moments, you are to your car. Maybe you stop along Airport Road to grab some groceries, or perhaps you get a text to meet your husband for dinner at Biltmore Park (you can meet there in ten minutes). SIGH. That's the best. Welcome home.
The variety of pieces range from colorfully imaginative drawings and collage pieces by kindergarten and first grade students to detailed paintings from high school seniors. The pieces were carefully selected by the art teachers from participating schools.
Asheville Regional Airport's Art in the Airport program is pleased to feature an annual Student Artwork Showcase in its art gallery, highlighting the creativity of students across the region. If your school would like to participate in the next Student Artwork Showcase, please visit flyavl.com and click on Art + Music in the Social Hub to learn more.
If you've flown much during the colder months, odds are you've been on a flight that had to be deiced before takeoff. Airplanes, especially jets, fly at very high altitudes and very fast speeds. At 35,000 feet, it's not uncommon to see temperatures dip below negative sixty degrees Fahrenheit. If planes can operate in these extreme subzero temperatures regularly, why is it necessary to deice when on the ground?
The reason for deicing lies within the design of the aircraft itself. All airplane designs are very precisely engineered to be flown as they were built, without the addition of any contamination. No, this doesn't mean the aircraft can't become ill with a virus. In aviation, the term contamination often refers to the buildup of ice on the aircraft's wings and fuselage (the body of the aircraft). Even a small amount of ice on the wings changes the wing's shape and impacts its aerodynamics. But fear not! As with everything in aviation, there are numerous precautions and procedures for all commercial flights to ensure safe operations in and around icing conditions.
The process of deicing is relatively simple, but there's a bit more to it than meets the eye. There are primarily two types of deicing fluid that are used in the United States. Both fluids are glycol based but have their differences. The first type, which is orange, is a true deicer. It's the most diluted form of deicing fluid and is used to remove snow and ice from an aircraft. The other fluid is thicker and designed to stick to the aircraft for a defined period of time, making it more of an anti-ice fluid. Each fluid is applied hot, which is why you see so much steam when deicing in colder temperatures. Your pilot will tell the ground crew exactly what type of deicing fluid they need and where. In many conditions, they'll just request deicing of the wings and tail.
In conditions where there is no freezing precipitation, you'll get a spray of of the deicer and be on your way. If it's snowing, your flight will first get a coat of deicer, followed up with the anti-ice fluid. Based on the temperature and weather conditions, pilots know exactly how long they have to take off after being deiced. If they exceed this hold time, they must return to the gate to be deiced again. Additionally, pilots always visually inspect the wings before taking off in snowy conditions, regardless of how long ago the aircraft was deiced. During takeoff, the deicing fluid blows off the wings as the aircraft gains speed.
Once airborne, aircraft are able to use their own anti-ice and deicing systems. Most jets use hot air from the core of the engine to heat metal surfaces along the edges of the wings to prevent and remove ice.
That said, pilots and Air Traffic Control do all they can to avoid substantial icing conditions. It's rare to ever spend a substantial amount of any given flight in icing conditions. At high altitudes, air is often so dry that there's not enough moisture to generate any significant form of icing on the aircraft. Like all phases of flight, aircraft manufacturers, airlines and pilots have handling ice down to a science. Rest assured that if the winter weather is beyond the parameters for safe flight, your flight won't leave the gate.
If you've ever flown, then surely you've landed at an airport, proceeded to baggage claim, spent somewhere between five and ten minutes there and then begun to wonder when your bags will appear on the conveyor belt. "What's taking them so long out there?" you've probably wondered. The job of the airline ground crews is seldom understood and often underestimated. While delivering your luggage quickly is a priority for all airlines, there are many things that must be done before the ground crew even get around to opening the cargo doors of your flight.
The cumulative act of all things that must occur at the gate between a flight's arrival and its next departure is known as a turn. The workers outside that handle this job are known as ramp agents, though the position has gained many nicknames over the decades. Most airlines require at least three workers be present to park an aircraft. This allows one person, the marshaller, to guide the plane to the proper parking spot while two other walk next to the wingtips of the plane as it pulls into the gate. Those that walk near the wingtips while you're parking or pushing back are appropriately named wing-walkers. This three-person crew is usually the minimum staffing level for turning most single-aisle aircraft.
The exact procedures vary depending on the type of aircraft being turned, but the general progression of events is similar for all. Once the aircraft has come to a stop at the gate, the ramp agents must wait for the engines to be turned off, and for the pilots to turn off the flashing red beacon lights. These lights are left on until the engines are no longer generating a dangerous amount of suction or jet blast. When these lights are turned off, the wheels of the aircraft will be "chocked" with large rubber chocks that prevent the aircraft from rolling while at the gate.
Also after the beacon light is turned off, many airlines require the person that parked the aircraft to do a full walk-around of the plane, inspecting for anything abnormal.
After the aircraft is chocked, the ramp agents will then connect the ground power unit (GPU) and pre-conditioned air (PCA) to the aircraft. Aircraft need to stay powered between flights so that things like cabin lights, air conditioning, and all of the cockpit computers continue to run. Most aircraft have an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU), which is a small jet engine near the tail that is used exclusively on the ground to provide power and air conditioning. This, however, does burn jet fuel. That's why parked aircraft are connected to a GPU, which burns drastically less fuel than any of the aircraft's own engines. If you've ever noticed the black cord running from the nose of your aircraft into a machine, that's the ground power. The large yellow or orange hose, usually attached somewhere along the belly of your plane, is the PCA hose.
Now that the aircraft is chocked, powered and air conditioned, it's finally time to offload the bags. Keep in mind, your flight has probably been deplaning (allowing passengers to get off the plane) for three to five minutes at this point. Depending on the size of the plane, one or two ramp agents will get inside of the cargo bin to feed bags to the belt loaders outside. The remaining person will load those bags into the baggage carts. Only the smallest planes have one cargo bin, so if your flight is relatively full the crew will unload one bin at a time. If a flight has eighty bags and they unload one bag every four seconds (this is really cooking, by the way), that's still a five-and-a-half-minute offload time.
Once all the bags are off, they have to be driven to the location where bags are placed on a conveyor belt to baggage claim. This drive could be a distance of a few hundred yards (like at AVL) or several miles (like at ATL). Then, bags are offloaded one-by-one and often by one person. When you factor in the time it takes to move equipment into place, potentially unloading multiple cargo bins, and the fact that the average human is not an Olympic athlete, getting your luggage in less than twenty minutes is a very solid performance by the ramp crew (and "less than twenty minutes" is the norm at AVL – there are some hard-working ramp agents here!).
Another important thing to consider is that this scenario doesn't account for any adversity. There is a myriad of things that can slow the luggage offload process. Rain, snow, heat and even wind generally slow people down. Any oversized or overweight cargo will slow the baggage offload. The pilots may need to leave the engines running for an extra minute or two once parked, which will slow the entire process outside. Sometimes the ground crew may be short a person. If the ground crew takes a few extra minutes than you think they should, just remember all the steps that go into the turn and when your bag shows up on the carousel. You'll know exactly how much hard work had to take place for you to be reunited with it.
As day turns to night, an airport's maze of painted markings and symbols transforms into a vast arrangement of backlit signs and colorful lights, each with their own distinct meaning. We thought we'd help you understand the night-time wayfinding that pilots use at airports around the globe.
Taxiways – the "roadway system" that pilots use to get to the runways, are always bordered by blue lighting. Airports equipped with instrumentation to operate during dense fog also have green centerline lighting on their taxiways. Yellow lights give pilots a warning that there is an intersection, or a stopping point before they enter the runway.
Runway markings can be some of the most complex to the untrained eye, but their lights are the most recognizable in all of aviation. All runways have white lights along their edges, with green lights visible on the active end of the runway (since all arriving and departing flights travel the same direction on a runway) and red lights visible from the opposing end. As yet another visual aid to pilots, the last 2,000 feet of runway lights alternate white and yellow lights. Likewise, the last 2,000 feet of centerline lights alternate red and white, and the last 1,000 feet are all red.
One of the most impressive lighting arrays can be found in the approach lighting systems, which serve as a visual extension of the runway for pilots and can extend as far as 2,400 feet from the runway. When using an instrument approach (where the pilots rely on instrumentation rather than the naked eye), pilots must see a visual reference of the runway before descending to a certain altitude in order to continue the landing. During low visibility landings, pilots will see the approach lights first, thereby allowing them to continue the landing.
The next time you're flying at night, take a closer look at the many different lights you see. Whether you know their meanings or are a casual observer, a good view of an airport's lighting will never disappoint.
(Asheville, N.C.) A parking garage construction project is underway at Asheville Regional Airport (AVL), which has resulted in temporary changes to parking at the airport. There is plenty of parking for passengers; however, the construction project has resulted in a temporarily reduced number of spaces for short-term parkers. In order to discourage overnight travelers from parking in its short-term parking lot, and to insure parking availability for short-term users, AVL is changing short-term parking lot rates. Specifically, the rate will remain at the current $1 for each half hour, up to four hours, to accommodate short-term users of the airport. After four hours in this lot, a new flat rate of $25 per day will be charged. This fee change goes into effect beginning November 1, 2016.
Why the rate increase? Long-term, overnight parkers are using the short-term spaces, leaving limited parking for visitors who only need to be at the airport for a short period of time, such as those who are picking up a passenger, or conducting business at the airport.
The fee change is intended to persuade long-term parkers to bypass the short-term lot and park in the long-term, pre-paid or credit card-only lots instead, where daily fees range from $6 to $8. This, in turn, will insure that spaces in the short-term lot will be available to users who only need to park for a short time.
A new pre-paid, shuttled lot is located directly across the street from the main entrance. Travelers may opt to park in this lot, pre-pay $6 per day for the planned duration of their trip, and a shuttle will deliver them to and from the front door of the terminal. The shuttle is in operation around-the-clock.
Also available to travelers is the traditional long-term lot near the terminal, and the credit card-only lot past the terminal on the right. Both of these lots are available for $1.50 per hour, up to a maximum of $8 per day.
And for those picking up passengers, a great option is to use a convenient cell phone waiting lot located past the terminal on the right. There is no charge to park in this lot, but visitors must wait in their vehicles until their passengers arrive, and then exit the lot and drive to the terminal curb to pick up passengers.
The new fee structure for the short-term lot is temporary, and will be in effect until the new parking garage opens next year. When opened, the garage will offer 1,100 convenient parking spaces directly in front of the airport terminal to serve all customers' needs.
Handicapped parking is still located in the short-term lot, directly in front of the terminal. The fee for handicapped parking has not changed (long-term rate of $1.50 per hour, up to a maximum of $8 per day). Visit the airport's parking information here.


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ALAMO CENOTAPH. The Alamo Cenotaph, on Alamo Plaza in front of the Alamo in San Antonio, was erected in 1939 by the Texas Centennial Commission. The memorial stone of gray Georgia marble rests upon a slab base of pink Texas granite. The shaft rises sixty feet from its base and is forty feet long and twelve feet wide. The theme of the monument is the Spirit of Sacrifice, represented on the main (south) face of the shaft by an idealistic figure rising twenty-three feet from the long sloping capstone emblematic of the tomb. This monolithic slab twenty feet long bears appropriate ornamental tracery. The east and west ledges are decorated with background panels of eight figures in low relief depicting the men who died in the Alamo. Before the east panel stand the portrait statues of James Bowie and James B. Bonham;qqv before the west panel, the portrait statues of William B. Travis and David Crockett.qqv On the north side appears a feminine figure symbolizing the state of Texas, holding the shields of Texas and the United States. Pompeo Coppini conceived and executed the sculptural parts of the monument, which was designed by Adams and Adams, architects, with Frank T. Drought as consulting engineer. Dr. Amelia W. Williams compiled for the inscription the list of men who died in the battle of the Alamo.
Harold Schoen, comp., Monuments Erected by the State of Texas to Commemorate the Centenary of Texas Independence (Austin: Commission of Control for Texas Centennial Celebrations, 1938).
Handbook of Texas Online, "ALAMO CENOTAPH," accessed April 22, 2019, http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/gga02.


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text:
Wyldblood Press
speculative and literary fiction
Wyld Flash
The Loneliness of the Long Distance Panda
Wyld FLASH– August 14 2020
Jacey Bedford
There were no two ways about it, he clunked when he walked. It was the near hind that was causing the problem. He'd noticed it days ago, soon after crossing the Bering Strait, some eighty five relentless kilometers of icy saltwater. Pad, pad, pad clunk! Pad, pad, pad, clunk. Yes, definitely the hip. Too much exercise and way too much salt water.
He'd not been made for this kind of travel, just a little gentle shuffling between bamboo groves, avoiding too many ups and downs. He'd heard them talking about him in the lab before he was released. A bear, they'd called him, Ailuropoda melanoleuca, black and white cat-foot, a living fossil. They said his closest ursine relative was the Spectacled Bear of South America, Tremarctos ornatus. He'd checked his GPS, still functioning after all this time, and pondered in the manner of his kind. China to South America was a long walk for a panda, but he could do it if he had to.
It had been many years since he'd walked out of the Qinling Mountains in the hilly Shanxi Province and set off to find more of his kind, but though he'd walked north though China to Siberia, he'd found no organic creature larger than a cockroach and no one like himself. He didn't know what had happened to his makers, but it must have happened a long time ago. They'd gone the way of the panda at last.
Back in the early 21st Century the International Union for Conservation of Nature had declared his species as endangered and conservation reliant, but not followed through until it was too late. Maybe they'd thought it enough that the giant panda genome had been sequenced in 2009, but it took more than that to keep a whole species viable. It took bamboo and more bamboo and the resources shrank each year.
That's when they'd made him and others like him. Giant pandas, able to live in the wild on fresh air – a sop to national pride. Something for the tourists to gawp at, perfect in all respects, on the outside at least. On the inside, however, their hearts were tiny fusion reactors, their skeletons foam-metal, their joints ceramic, and their muscles, skin and fur woven from various polymers.
He could access his internal clock if he really wanted to and find out how long it had been since the others ceased to function. He was the last of his kind, and pretty soon he'd be unable to walk. Pad, pad, pad-clunk! What would happen then? He imagined himself stranded in this land of glaciers. How long would it take for his fuel cell to run down? Too long. He wondered if it was possible for a creature like him to go mad.
Alaska's broken coastline caused him detour after detour and he stopped checking his clock, fearful of seeing years pass while he relentlessly plodded south. Always south. Pad, pad, pad-clunk through Alaska and British Columbia until the pad, pad, pad-clunk became pad, pad, clank-clunk.
He had to skirt an active volcano where Seattle used to be. Its rumbling and occasional belch of acrid smoke set off his alarm systems and the volcanic grit irritated his retractable claw beds, causing him delays for cleaning and maintenance. Pad, pad, clank-clunk became pad, pad, clank-drag and he was grateful when he reached the benign forests of Oregon.
He was resting his rear hind servo when he heard a whine above him and felt the sudden tug of an antigrav hauler. He was whisked up to a laboratory in the sky. Surprise wasn't one of his inbuilt emotions and he knew all about laboratories, even alien ones, so he settled down feeling only mild curiosity. They shot him with a cryo-anaesthetic that might have worked if he'd been organic, or might have killed him, since the aliens, themselves crystalline blobs, seemed to know so little of earth-based physiology that they couldn't tell the difference between biological and mechanical. At least they didn't seem interested in taking him apart to see how he worked.
He lay awake for the ninety years it took for their ark ship to return home, grateful that the enforced rest gave his depleted nanites time to repair most of the damage to his hip joints. Occasionally he would open one eye and watch the aliens at work, gleaning an understanding of their communications system, a mixture of audible sounds and electronic impulses. They never seemed to figure out his recorded system responses, though, which were in Mandarin.
In the alien zoo they gave him a huge enclosure that exactly replicated the forest they'd found him in, and put up a communication repeater that he deciphered as "Dominant species of Planet 40698-C". He shrugged and methodically deleted his GPS database to make room for new information, then, set off in a southerly direction. Pad, pad, pad-clink.
He found her on the fourth day, staring, round-eyed and hopeful from the lower branches of a tall tree. He'd walked up one side of the earth and back down again to find another of his kind, and here she was, halfway round the galaxy in an alien zoo. From her black coat to her lighter eye markings, she was a prime example of the Spectacled Bear of South America. He dipped his head in acknowledgement and she dipped hers in return. She climbed down her tree and walked towards him shyly. The faint sound of her servos, pad-clunk, pad, pad, drifted towards him and it made his little fusion reactor glad within his breast.
Originally published in Nature Magazine – Nov 2011. First published by Wyldbood Press Aug 14 2020.
Author bio: Jacey Bedford writes fantasy and science fiction, she's been published on both sides of the Atlantic. Her first five books are published by DAW: Empire of Dust, Crossways, and Nimbus, Psi-Tech novels. They are science fiction/space opera. Plus Winterwood, Silverwolf, and Rowankind (The Rowankind Trilogy) – historical fantasy set in 1800 with a cross-dressing female privateer captain, a jealous ghost and a wolf shapechanger.
Her writing blog, Tales from the Typeface is on WordPress. You can follow her writing history from there as it happens; plus pick up writing advice and the writing-relevant minutiae of a writer's life
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Wyldblood Press, WordPress.com.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Sometime in 1990, the United States Congress enacted a law aimed at boosting the US economy and bringing down unemployment by creating or saving at least 10 full-time jobs. Known as EB5, this Immigrant Investor Program, aside from offering tax incentives, allowed foreigners an opportunity to become a conditional resident of the US for 2 years, much like having the status of a conditional green card holder.
If you're a foreign investor, you would be required to put in an investment of US $1,000,000. But, a minimum of US $500,000 is also acceptable should you decide to make the investment in any "Designated Target Employment Areas". These are defined as rural areas outside of a city or high unemployment areas or if the investment is made through a designated EB5 Regional Center.
Puerto Rico is a Target Employment Area, ergo the projects offered via the Caribbean EB5 Regional Center requires only US $500,000 investment from any interested foreign investor.
When this requirement is met, you, as an investor is granted a conditional Green Card. It's conditionality, however is removed once the 10 job requirement is satisfied. Your status then converts into permanent residency or that of a green card holder with no conditions attached.
After 5 years under this status, you may apply for US citizenship. There is no obligation to remain in the United States on a continuous basis as requirement for citizenship. You would be free to travel but your US residence should be maintained during this time.
In your EB5 application relative to your US $500,000 investment, you may include your wife and children under the age of 21. In actuality, this lesser-known way to permanent residency in the US or Puerto Rico is readily available to immigrant investors. This EB5 classification is allotted ten thousand (10,000) visas every year.
With Puerto Rico's Act 22 (Act to Promote the Transfer of Investors to Puerto Rico) which provides tax exemption on income derived from investments of non-resident investors, complemented by the authority of Puerto Rico's Economic Development Administration to designate Targeted Employment Areas, the EB5 should prove to be an attractive business come-on for foreign investors.


is a zone on the Halon moon orbiting Nexus in WildStar. It is a terraformed star, with a large moon base containing two bio-domes, one jungle, the other desert. Farside is the leveling zone for both The Exiles and The Dominion for levels 28-35.
A large terraformed habitable zone on the "dark side" of the battered Halon moon, Farside is hotly contested by the Exiles and Dominion - even though it is not technically part of the planet Nexus. In fact, its distance from the planetary surface means it has developed in isolation ever since the Eldan disappeared, and the still-functioning Farside terraformer is still in operation, leading to strange adaptations in the local life forms. Much of the habitable surface area of Farside is slit between two large Eldan bio-domes, Bio-Dome 3 and Bio-Dome 4, which contain forest and desert habitats. A central control facility called the Alpha Complex sits between them. The rest of Farside is considered more dangerous, even seedy, as it is generally accessible only to those with space helmets. Many smugglers and space pirates have been known to frequent this part of the moon's surface. But recently, the militaries of both major factions have established base camps on Farside to study - and perhaps use - the massive Eldan Planetary Defense Cannon that overshadows the area.


Taiwan is home to an extensive transportation network on rails. From the blazing-fast HSR to the conventional TRA, the railways of Taiwan are a pleasure to ride, and there is an incredible amount of history to uncover if you go digging. For more information about railway transportation in Taiwan your best bet is to peruse Wikipedia in Chinese.


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Next:BALKANS: The Kosovo Deal
Kurdish War: Arabs Unite To Fight
January 14, 2008: Sunni and Shia Arab politicians have united in opposing Kurdish attempts to claim the city of Kirkuk, and nearby oil fields, as part of the Kurdish territory in the north. This is drawing the line in the sand, between Arab and Kurdish attitudes on Kirkuk. Next step is a civil war, unless one side backs down.
January 13, 2008: Calling the PKK a "common enemy," the US assured Turkey that it was committed to helping Turkey and Iraq reach a political solution to the problem presented by the PKK. The US also said it would help Turkey in the border area with Iraq. Help in this case means several things, but includes providing aerial surveillance imagery and "clearing airspace" for Turkish aircraft flying missions into northern Iraq.
January 11, 2008: Turkish fighter-bombers struck three PKK targets in northern Iraq.
January 10, 2008: The US government said that it had designated the Kurdistan Freedom Falcons (acronym is TAK) a terrorist group. The TAK have claimed responsibility for numerous attacks inside Turkey, including bombs in Istanbul and in Turkish tourist areas along the Mediterranean Sea. TAK press statements have repeatedly stressed their intention to strike economic targets (like tourist facilities).
January 4, 2008: A terrorist bomb exploded in the city of Diyarbakir (southeastern Turkey). This is a predominantly ethnic Kurd city. It is also near a major Turkish Air Force air base. The bomb killed four people and wounded 68. Turkish authorities said that a number of the wounded were Turkish Army soldiers who were in a bus.
December 25, 2007: Iraq wants Turkey to coordinate military operations, against the PKK, with Iraq. The Iraqi government has reached an understanding with Turkey regarding the PKK. Turkey can strike PKK bases, and the Kurdish president of Iraq (Talabani) has said this publicly, for added impact. Iraqi Kurdistan's government is also positioning itself with care. Iraqi Kurds recognize Turkish Kurds as their kin. However, Iraqi Kurdistan's government has said that it will remain "independent" in the fight between Turkey and the PKK. That's an important political message. The political distancing by Iraqi Kurds from the PKK organization is a signal that the Iraqi Kurdish government doesn't regard the PKK as the political representative of Turkish Kurds. A representative of Turkish Kurds, perhaps, but not the only one. The Iraqi Kurdish government, however, has repeatedly condemned Turkish attacks in northern Iraq. That's perfectly understandable. The Turks say they will stop when Iraqis arrest senior PKK leaders.
December 24, 2007: Turkish fighter-bombers once again hit PKK bases in Iraq's Khandil Mountains. One unconfirmed report said three fighters bombed the village of Rawanduz.
The Turkish offensive that began on December 16 killed at least 150 PKK fighters. The offensive struck 200 different PKK targets and involved at least 50 attack aircraft. The target list included three PKK command centers, nine logistics dumps, and 14 "arsenals" (either weapons dumps, which would be large, or weapons caches, which would be small). The Turkish attack aircraft dropped laser guided munitions on some of the targets.
MURPHY'S LAW: China's Shame
BALKANS: The Kosovo Deal
Kurdish War: Current 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999


Designed to help people with Alzheimer's, dementia, autism, and other cognitive challenges, these 6 activity aids featured in Fidget Mats by Leisure Arts help to keep fingers busy and minds focused. Our instructions make it simple for even beginners to sew these helpful aids for all ages. Projects by Billie Steward include a Fidget Cube (10" x 10" x 10"), Fidget Squares (8" x 8"), Ladies' Mat (24" x 18"), Flannel Shirt Mat (15" x 21"), Kids Mat (24" x 16"), and a Men's Denim Mat (20" x 15").


The City Leadership Programme is a six-month, Bristol-based programme for young people aged 16-19, which starts with a two-week intensive summer course followed by five months of mentoring and opportunity and access to the CLP alumni network.
There is no cost to the nominator or participant to take part in the programme.
The two-week intensive summer course (Monday to Friday, 1-12 July 2019) is built around personal development, academic enrichment, networking, exposure and skills-building. It takes place in central Bristol and in 2019 the facilitators will be Dr Simon Newitt and Sherrie Eugene-Hart.
At the end of the first week of the course, participants will take part in the 'Dressing the Part' CLP shopping experience, where they will have the opportunity to purchase a work or interview-appropriate outfit.
The course finishes with the formal 'Completion Dinner', where participants present to their fellow participants and dine with key CLP contributors.
Miles Chambers (Bristol's first City Poet).
The schedule for 2019's programme is still being finalised, but you can view last year's by clicking below.
The overarching aim of the City Leadership Programme mentoring scheme is to inspire greater confidence and aspiration in the programme participants.
With the support of professionals (mentors), participants are able to gain better insight into their career interest, further develop their employability skills as well as establish a progression plan, where appropriate.
Participants will be matched with suitable mentors following the July course, with mentoring sessions beginning from September 2019.
Once participants have completed the six-month programme, they become part of the CLP Alumni Network and will be invited to an annual alumni dinner during April.
Through the network, participants have the opportunity to connect with previous years' alumni, the Mayor, facilitators and any of the programme contributors to get advice and share wisdom.
The dinner is an informal opportunity for us to catch up on what participants have been doing since the programme, and consider how we can support them to achieve their ambitions.


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Q: Project settings for building release .exe that run on all machines I am prototyping a user interface using C++Builder XE2. I need this project to run on all Windows PCs, whether they have developer tools installed or not.
How can I get all the required libraries to be linked into the .exe that I distribute to users, so they can run the application? What settings in Project Options should be set?
Users now report me this error:

A: This is a FAQ for example How create an standalone (without DLL file dependencies) C++Builder console application like a Delphi application?
you must turn off two things. Use runtime packages and link with runtime libraries.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"This is the story of two friends. One is called Alva and the other one is his close mate Jagan Jugg. The story deals with some adventures that the twosome had involved," she explained.
"Ok, liked the theme, but tell me this, who is Alva and who dons Jagan Jugg?" I inquired.
"Oh…what is in it...It is as simple as that. I will do the role of Alva and you will be Jagan Jugg," she didn't give me her face while allotting the roles.
"Just think this; people know that we are kids, so there is nothing if I do the role of a male character. No one is even going to identify the fact that I am a girl," she was very practical.
Now I had no option, and it was done. I called her Alva and she called me Jagan Jugg and we wore only the attires of the characters. In those costumes and specifically designed behavioral patterns, even ourselves could not have identified each other. It was a total transformation.
With full liveliness and zeal, Alva went on with the other matters required for the staging of the play like costumes, other artistes, time schedule, properties and PRO works. Being a person, who was worried with a good quantity of stage fright, Jagan Jugg was becoming more and more nervous as the days passed and the staging day getting closer. To escape from such a mentally disturbing situation, Jagan Jugg decided to run away from the location and to come back only after the scheduled date.
Though at first he didn't notice the absence of Jagan Jugg, Alva soon identified that his close mate was missing. Holding all the preparations, Alva started an operation to trap his friend who went missing.
A person from the group suddenly stood up and hurried towards the door in an attempt to escape. Alva thought once, 'if some one responds to the name 'Jagan Jugg', he could only be the owner of the name'. Alva didn't make any delay to catch the running man with both his hands. This time, Alva was sure about the capture of Jagan Jugg. Meanwhile, the trapped Jagan Jugg was thinking about the incredible incognitos that both of them had been practicing.
The whole incident was my sister's dream. When I saw her in one of the fine mornings of our childhood days, she was struggling with her memory to recollect the names of each characters of her dream. Though she found the names successfully, she had failed to see whether they had staged the drama during that weekend to enrich the festival season.
I liked it :) Till the end i liked the way alva and jagan were leading the story.
Though i expected a far shocking surprise, i liked it for the reason that its those two children who have shown so much of enthusiasm in making this drama a staged one.
Good for a dream...else can't imagine kids doing PRO works or getting realistic among gamblers...!?!
Fantastic. From the beginning till the end, the story was very interesting to read. Alva and Jagan are really very sweet and lovely kids.
Thanks Mahesh for your instant appreciation.
I dint intend to make it to have a shocking ending though while writing I had in mind the fun of revealing at the end that the entire incident was a dream .
What I did was simply telling the story from three perspectives.
I dunnot know whether she is seeing more dreams, perhaps not, because she is a grown up now..
Well, that PRO thing was my on contribution, not told me by sister.
Thanks for pointing out the parts where the story having dream elements..
Thank u very much Babli.
Interesting..could be a full fledged story.
Children indeed have quixotic imaginations. I have seen, somehow, that their stories tend to have certain common elements like heroism and flight. Do you agree?
Could it be a story? I doubt..coz it has some dreamlike elements, which may not be digestible for those who like realism in short stories..
She had some creative dreams when she was a child, I doubt whether she is seeing such things in these days. But she has not yet started blogging..
Well..u r right..and now I too have began to think like that, They have such valorous dreams in which they see some adventures and in the end they would wake up realizing that all such things were mere dreams..
n i was wondering where this story is going...so it was a dream ha? but the names are cool...especially jagan jugg!
Are u speaking from ur own experiences or ur own nature?
Very interesting dream! And that to by a child! I thought it was a story :)...nice one!
Fantastic, Tom. What I really liked in your recent posts is your ability to tell stories from different point of views.
Here, the `I' factor slowly transformed to Jagan Jugg...and then back to I, in a very effortless manner.
I can see a prolific writer emerging in you. Keep it up!


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Birds of the Photo Ark
作者 : Noah Strycker
出版社 : NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC BOOKS
定價 : NT 1,050 元
For avian enthusiasts, from armchair observers to dedicated life-listers, this brilliant book from acclaimed National Geographic photographer Joel Sartore celebrates the beauty of all birds, great and small.
This elegantly packaged celebration of birds from around the world unites incredible animal portraits from Joel Sartore's distinguished National Geographic Photo Ark project with inspiring text by up-and-coming birder Noah Strycker. It includes hundreds of species, from tiny finches to charismatic eagles; brilliant toucans, intricate birds of paradise, and perennial favorites such as parrots, hummingbirds, and owls also make colorful appearances. Everyone who cares about birds--from the family with a bird feeder outside the kitchen window to the serious birder with a life list of thousands--will flock to this distinctive and uplifting book
JOEL SARTORE is a photographer, author, and 25-year contributor to National Geographic magazine. Through his National Geographic Photo Ark project, he will photograph every species of animal under human care, an estimated 12,000. His "Fundamentals of Photography" is the best-selling course of all The Great Courses. Sartore often appears on national television, including an upcoming three-part PBS special, and he is a frequent guest on CBS Sunday Morning.
NOAH STRYCKER
NOAH STRYCKER is a writer, photographer, and birding expert. In 2015 he set a world record by seeing 6,042 species of birds (more than half the birds on Earth) in a year. Author of The Thing With Feathers and Among Penguins, he is also associate editor of Birding magazine and writes often for Audubon and other publications. He lives near Eugene, Oregon.


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Health • Information • Lifestyle • Marijuana • Natural Healing
Does Cannabis Use Lower Your IQ?
The manner in which cannabis affects IQ has long been a hotly debated topic. Policymakers, parents, researchers, and, of course, the media, passionately (and empathically) weigh in on the debate. The debate often plays out in the press.
How many times have you seen headlines like this?
Fox News writes: Pot Does Lower IQ, Study Finds
On, the other side of the spectrum, the Washington Post opines: No, Marijuana Use Doesn't Lower Your IQ
So, who's right?
"Yes, Cannabis Lowers IQ."
Most of the reports that cannabis lowers IQ rely on one study: the seminal Dunedin Study led by Madeline Meier. In all fairness, it's one of the best studies we have to date. Most research of this kind is retrospective (or captures a small period of time); the Dunedin Study, on the other hand, is a prospective cohort study.
In retrospective studies, individual outcomes of the participants are known from the outset, and the investigators look back in time to determine how various factors influenced the outcome. Prospective studies, on the other hand, don't know the individual outcomes from the outset; they follow a group of people over time, identifying predicted outcomes and determining how various factors influence the outcomes.
In the Dunedin Study, researchers followed 1,037 people born between 1972 and 1973 in Dunedin, New Zealand, from birth to age 38. In fact, their study pool represented 91% of all eligible births. The study—like all studies—had limitations. But, unlike far too many studies, the authors were candid in what their limitations were, and tried to minimize their influence by excluding many of the most common confounding factors that could provide alternative explanations for an IQ decline, including:
Acute or residual cannabis intoxication
Tobacco dependence
Hard-drug dependence (e.g., heroin, cocaine, amphetamines)
There are other potentially unaccounted factors that could influence outcomes. For example, could it be people with unknown (or undefined) shared characteristics are more likely to misuse cannabis at a young age, and these shared characteristics are associated with a decline in IQ? We know nutrition, industrial toxins, stress, and exposure to trauma are a just few factors that can influence IQ (and possibly the risk of addiction).
However, it's impractical to control for every possible confounding factor. What we expect is that the authors are forthcoming in their study's limitations, and that they make their best effort to control what they can. The Dunedin team clearly did that. It was well designed, and the authors were nuanced in their conclusions.
The authors examined six hypotheses:
Cognitive decline: Persistent cannabis consumers demonstrate greater decline in test performance from childhood to adulthood than nonusers.
Specificity: Are impairments confined to specific neuropsychological domains or are they present across each of the five specific domains? The authors hypothesized that impairments aren't limited to specific cognitive domains.
Education: Some evidence suggests staying in school can boost one's intelligence. Could persistent cannabis consumers experience neuropsychological decline simply because they abandoned academics in favor of other opportunities?
Everyday Cognition: Does cannabis-induced neuropsychological impairment translate into functional problems in daily life? The authors posit that it would.
Developmental Vulnerability: Cannabis has heightened toxic effects on the developing brain, thus adolescents are particularly vulnerable to the effects of persistent cannabis use.
Recovery Hypothesis: Former persistent users who quit or reduce their cannabis use may be able to restore their neuropsychological health.
What were their conclusions?
Early initiation to cannabis correlates to a decline in IQ as adults, with more persistent use associated with a greater decline in IQ.
Predictably to some, surprisingly to others, they found no decline in IQ among individuals who waited until they were adults before using cannabis. This finding was consistent not only among casual users, but also among those with a use disorder.
How did abstainers compare to users?
This is where it gets interesting.
Abstainers: Of the 1,037 study participants, 242 reported never having used cannabis. Those participants experienced a modest uptick in their IQ—from 99.84 to 100.64.
Casual Users: 479 participants reported prior cannabis use, but were never diagnosed with a use disorder. This group experienced a modest decline in IQ—from 102.32 to 101.25. Roughly one point.
Problematic Users: Among the 38 participants who met the criteria for cannabis use disorder at three out of five follow-up assessments (ages 18, 21, 26, 32, and 38), the IQ decline was far more profound. They experienced a decline nearly six points—from 99.68 to 93.93.
What was particularly interesting is the IQ difference between those reporting being lifelong abstainers versus those who reported prior cannabis (but had never met the criteria for a use disorder). The average IQ for the latter was nearly 2.5 points higher than the abstinent group prior to induction into cannabis. At age 38, due to modest upticks in the "never used" group and the modest decline in the "used, never diagnosed" group, the IQ gap narrowed. But the "used, never diagnosed" group managed to maintain a 0.61 point IQ advantage. Perhaps that finding warrants a headline: "Study: Cannabis Abstainers Are Less Intelligent Than Casual Users."
"No, Cannabis Doesn't Lower IQ."
Contrary to many assertions, the Dunedin Study was well designed and the authors attempted to control many of the most common confounding factors that could have tainted the results. Interestingly, many of those who initially criticized this study as biased later praised the authors' follow-up study (analyzing the same populations) that found the only negative physical health effect associated with long-term cannabis use was an increased risk of gum disease.
Nonetheless, several notable critiques emerged:
Declines could be explained by socioeconomic factors. Norwegian research economist Ole Røgeberg suggested socioeconomic factors could account for the decline. The basis of his argument is that cannabis use is more common among those of lower socioeconomic status, and that education temporarily boosts the IQ of these children, creating a false impression that IQ declines later in life. However, even applying these potential factors, Meier's findings (which are consistent with other studies) have found that socioeconomic background is a poor predictor of cannabis use. Cannabis is popular across all backgrounds. Likewise, Meier didn't find any differences in adolescent IQ versus adult IQ among those who came from lower socioeconomic backgrounds.
Personality traits explain the decline. British behavioral scientist Dr. Michael Daly suggested personality traits could explain positive non-causal associations between cannabis use and cognitive functioning. High levels of openness to experience could lead people to seek out activities—including cannabis experimentation—that promote cognitive functioning. Daly analyzed data from 6,401 individuals who participated in the British study. His post hoc analysis found openness positively predicted cannabis use and an increase in neuropsychological functioning.
Likewise, he challenged Meier's findings, suggesting conscientiousness (one of the five defined personality traits) may explain the cannabis decline. However, Daly didn't assess personality—his primary predictor—until well after cannabis initiation, at age 50. Early initiation to cannabis was a central feature of Meier's study. Moreover, Meier applied the hypothesis to her data, and found that it didn't alter the outcomes to a statistical significance.
Sample size is too small. Others have also weighed in. Columbia University's Dr. Carl Hart noted that Meier's study had a very small sample of heavy users—only 38 people. The small sample size, he claims, limits how generalizable the results could be. He's right: 38 people is a small sample size. But it should be noted that Meier's study included three other subsets of early onset users, all of which experienced declines proportional to how persistent their use was. However, there are still likely limits to how generalizable the studies are. Why, for example, do those with one use disorder diagnosis start with the lowest IQ (lower than even those diagnosed three times), while those diagnosed twice have the second highest starting IQ (102.14)—second only to the "tried, never diagnosed" group—of all groups?
Twin Studies on Cannabis and IQ
As I mentioned previously, it's virtually impossible to eliminate every potential confounding variable. However, one way to eliminate most of them is by conducting a study on twins. And, at least one such study did just that. A multi-institutional study, "Impact of adolescent marijuana use on intelligence: Results from two longitudinal twin studies," compared IQ changes in twin siblings who either used or abstained from cannabis during a 10 year period. After accounting for potentially confounding familial factors, the scientists found no link between cannabis use and a decline in IQ. In twin sets where one twin used cannabis and the other didn't, they found comparable declines in IQ, potentially validating their hypothesis—there were other familial confounds (such as genetics or home environment) that could account for a decline in IQ scores.
This particular study provided the most convincing evidence to counter the Dunedin Study. However, it's not without notable limitations. For one, the study contained little detail on frequency of use. Moreover, the study looked at two populations (Minnesota and Los Angeles), but used different surveys for each. The survey for Los Angeles posed questions with far less specificity than Minnesota. For example, if a youngster pulled a Bill Clinton and tried it but "didn't inhale," he or she would still be categorized as a "user."
For adults, cannabis use doesn't seem to impact IQ. However, chronic use is associated with adverse cognitive effects that seem to be reversible. For teens, the jury may be still out on how much of an impact cannabis use has. But we do know that the brain is particularly vulnerable while it still developing.
I suspect there's truth to both sides of the debate. One, that early (and frequent) cannabis use can have persistent (and possibly irreversible) consequences. Two, it's also likely that cannabis use is not the only factor contributing to a decline in IQ. If a kid is engaging in frequent cannabis use, chances are there are other things going on at home or in their life that may influence their addiction risk and potentially affect their IQ. However, in reviewing most of the research out there, Meier's study thus far puts forth the most persuasive evidence that early onset cannabis use likely has a negative impact on IQ.
The effect of cannabis exclusive of other factors may not be as profound as presented in the Dunedin Study. But the findings shouldn't be discounted. How much does it really matter if cannabis causes a two point or six point decline? Both suggest adverse outcomes. Perception of risk—not the legality or illegality of cannabis—influences a teen's decision to use or not. And, as the stigma around cannabis diminishes, it's important that teens understand cannabis is not completely harmless. And that the use of it, particularly frequent use, carries risks.
9 Influential Women Who Are Shaping the Cannabis Industry
High Fashion for a Higher Purpose: NY Fashion Week's First Cannabis Event
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GROSSE LIEBE doesn't just offer 'full-thinking' but also integrated realization closely aligned to your customer's journey. For some of our clients, we are a strategy agency. For others, a dialogue marketing agency. And for some, an online agency. You name it.
The brand sends a signal the consumer receives!?
A relationship can only work when the sparks fly from both sides. Our tools show what ignites those sparks.
By the way: Strategy workshops, shopping safaris, research and analysis, neuro marketing … all inclusive.
Without empathy, a brand is incapable of having a relationship.
We work out a deep and solid understanding of your target audience – in close collaboration with you. Which sentiments, thoughts and motivations are truly relevant? What exactly happens in the 'Is this something I am interested in?'-phase, and shortly before purchasing, as well as during the relationship? What makes you connect in those situations; what ignites the passion of the brand and the person?
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A method of analysis and research to indicate how the brand increasingly resonates with target groups in the various stages of their relationship. Because a growing relationship means growing attention, growing interaction and growing attraction for every individual. A growing attraction of the brand for many on social media, a growing readiness to buy – plus much more. The Relationship Pulse allows us to manage success efficiently, holistically and systematically.


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Top Versailles Sightseeing Tours
You are viewing Virtual Experiences in Versailles. See more Virtual Experiences around the globe. 🌎
47 Versailles Sightseeing Tours | All Versailles Tours
Paris Museum Pass 2 Days
Experience the best of Paris at a discounted rate with a Paris Museum Pass, good for entry at more than 50 area attractions over two days. Skip the lines for direct access to places like the Louvre and the Musée d'Orsay, home to iconic works by such artists as Manet, Renoir, and Lautrec. Visit landmarks like Versailles and the Arc de Triomphe and wonder among the many sculpture of the Musée Rodin―all by using this one convenient pass.
Paris Museums 4 Days Pass
Make the most of your time in the 'City of Light' with a 4-day Paris Museum Pass, allowing you free, skip-the-line entry to more than 50 monuments and museums throughout the greater city. Head directly into the Louvre to marvel at some of the world's greatest artistic masterpieces, take in panoramic views from atop the Arc de Triomphe, and stroll through the stunning Musée d'Orsay's Impressionist and Post-Impressionists galleries, enjoying works by Monet, Manet, and van Gogh. Other attractions include the Panthéon and the Château de Fontainebleau.
Lunch and Guided Walk in the Old Town of Versailles
There's more to Versailles than just the palace, and with this 1.5-hour walking tour you'll see a side of the town many people miss. Sit down to an all-you-can-eat buffet lunch at the Monument Café near the palace, where you can even sample traditional French dishes like frog legs and escargot. Then follow your guide to sights like the Royal Tennis Court, the Municipal Library and the King's Kitchen Garden, hearing historic tales that help make that bygone era come to life. Group size is limited to 20 for a relaxed tour experience.
Versailles Monarchy from Paris
Visit one of France's most popular locations, the Palace of Versailles, on this private excursion from Paris. Explore the home of former French kings and queens as you stroll through hidden rooms, the Hall of Mirrors, and the gardens as well as the Petit Trianon of Marie Antoinette. Learn about the rich history of France and Versailles from your dedicated tour guide as you explore.
Discover Paris and its castles from the sky
Go on an unforgettable adventure and discover the beauty of Paris in the most unique way... from a private plane! You'll see stunning views of the river Seine, castles around Paris..and many more for you to discover with your pilot! Your pilot is key to this adventure. They are sharing the flights' direct cost, not making a profit. They just love to fly and want you to understand their passion for aviation. So be sure to meet your pilot directly at the airfield provided, as there are several private airfields around. ++Confirm weather conditions with your pilot before++ --> Access a local airfield --> Discuss the flight route together with your pilot --> Pre-flight check --> Up you go, enjoy the view from a whole new perspective! The flight can depart between 9-17h, depending on the availability of the pilot, aircraft, and weather. Please let us know your flexible hours/days upon booking, and make sure that you've been in touch with us beforehand!
Guided tour of the Palace of Versailles and gardens from Paris by private car
Get the royal treatment at Versailles on a private day trip from Paris that starts right at the door of your hotel. Avoid the stress and hassle of a train journey and relax as a personal guide and chauffeur takes you straight to the UNESCO-listed palace. Inside, gain insight into the former home of Louis XIV, Marie Antoinette, and other famous French royals on a guided tour of the sprawling palace and gardens.
Duo Heritage Pass
A unique Heritage Pass to discover France and Belgium through more than 400 monuments for a year. From Brittany to Burgundy, from Wallonia to Occitania, hundreds of castles, museums, abbeys, park and gardens open their doors to you. The Duo Heritage Pass is valid by name for one person plus one guest of their choice. The Heritage Pass allows you to book free of charge your entries to partner monuments for one year. The activation period is three months from the date of purchase. Beyond this period it is still possible to activate the Heritage Pass but the period of validity will be started. For the guide and the languages, each of the 400 partner monuments has its own rules.
Solo Heritage Pass
A unique Heritage Pass to discover France and Belgium through more than 400 monuments for a year. From Brittany to Burgundy, from Wallonia to Occitania, hundreds of castles, museums, abbeys, park and gardens open their doors to you. The Solo Heritage Pass is valid by name for one person only. It is strictly personal and non-transferable once activated. The Heritage Pass allows you to book free of charge entries to partner monuments for one year. The activation period is three months from the date of purchase. Beyond this period it is still possible to activate the Heritage Pass but the period of validity will be started. For the guide and the languages, each of the 400 partner monuments has its own rules.
Palace of Versailles Entrance Ticket
Enjoy the included audio guide to a UNESCO World Heritage site that's one of the most visited attractions in France Catch your reflection in the stunning Hall of Mirrors, where the Treaty of Versailles was signed to end WWI or bask in 250 acres of perfectly landscaped gardens
Versailles, Gardens & Petit Trianon - Priority Access - private tour
Enjoy a stress-free way to explore when you book a small-group tour of the Palace of Versailles. Travel with your guide from a Paris train station, or make your own way to Versailles and meet them upon arrival. Once at Versailles, bypass the long lines and head right in (entry own expense). Once inside, tour the UNESCO-listed palace before continuing to its elegant gardens and Marie Antoinette's Petit Trianon palace. At tour's end, travel by taxi to the train station and return to Paris.
Semi-Private Royals of Versailles
Our Royals of Versailles tour will allow you to walk in the footsteps of the last French monarchy, as you explore the private chambers, magnificent gardens, and private palaces of the Dieudonné family. Discover Marie Antoinette's secret sanctuary, and see inside King Louis' magical Hall of Mirrors. Learn how this notorious family ushered in the French revolution, and why the glamor surrounding them lives on today. Venez Discover was founded out of passion & love for tourism and its different diversified culture. Venez Discover brings the best out of each place by meticulously crafting each tour exclusively while taking care of our environment. We aim to bring the love, passion, and interest for our planet in each tour or service provided to you.
Proposal in Paris at Chateau de Versailles with Photoshoot & Video
Offer a ring and propose to a wedding to the woman of your life in front of the Versailles Palace. Our photographer will capture on pictures and on video this unique moment of your lifetime. You will receive 150 pictures retouched in terms of their exposure and a video with this wonderful moment, edited with the music of your preference !
Paris : Versailles Palace & Gardens With Full Access Audio Guided Tour
Explore the Versailles Palace on a self-guided tour with an audio guide. Look at Louis XIV and Marie-Antoinette's ornate State Apartments and at the stunning Mirror Chamber. Chat in the garden as long as you want after your walk. After exploring the apartments inside the palace at your own pace, head out to the huge French gardens and discover the groves and alleys designed by André Le Nôtre. Discover the ornate State Apartments and the glittering Hall of Mirrors at your own pace with the help of an audio guide Enjoy the Fountain Display (on certain dates only) or the Musical Fountains. Go to the Palace of Versailles on pre-order. Live in the garden for a while, live for the duration you want.
Palace of Versailles : Express Guided Tour with Fast-track Entry
Experience an exclusive guided tour of one of the world's greatest palaces. See State Apartments, King's Bedroom, Mirror's Den, and more. Skip the long lines like a true royal Go on an exclusive 90-minute guided tour Learn about the figures of the French monarchy Explore the palace more on your own after the tour ends In over 90 minutes, see the State Apartments, the King's Bedroom, and the Hall of Mirrors. Learn about the main figures of the French monarchy, from King Louis XIV and Marie Antoinette. Your guide will bring these legendary characters to life and more.
City Escape from Paris to Deauville in a Private Plane
Escape the hustle and bustle of Paris for the day, follow the river Seine, see the beautiful coast of Normandy and land in Deauville in just one hour with a small aircraft! Your pilot is key to this adventure. They are sharing the flights' direct cost, not making a profit. They just love to fly and want you to understand their passion for aviation. So be sure to meet your pilot directly at the airfield provided, as there are several private airfields around. ++Confirm weather conditions with your pilot before++ -->Depart from Paris-->land at Deauville for a beach walk/lunch/swim--> Return to Paris in the afternoon, before it gets dark! Enjoy the view from a whole new perspective! The flight can depart between 9-11h, depending on the availability of the pilot, aircraft, and weather. Please let us know your flexible hours/days upon booking, and make sure that you've been in touch with us beforehand!
Versailles Palace Entrance Tickets
See the rooms and gardens of this elegant 17th-century castle See a wide variety of preserved 18th-century French furniture in Baroque, Classicist and Empire style including the famous chests of André Charles Boulle Enjoy the included audio guide to a UNESCO World Heritage site that's one of the most visited attractions in France
Paris and Versailles Full day Guided Discovery tour
- Paris hotel or apartment pick up & return Private deluxe - Air-conditionned vehicle - Experienced driver at your disposal during 8 hours - Photo-stops - Photos of historical and famous sites of the city - Free time to visit Ile de la Cité with Notre-Dame Cathedral - Uninterrupted view of the Eiffel Tower during a photo stop - Free time to visit the Montmartre district - Tour Language: English, Arabic, French, German (Let us know what you wish before)
Day Trip from Paris to Châteaux de la Loire in a Private Plane
Escape the hustle and bustle of Paris for the day, and land in the Loire Valley in just one hour with a small aircraft! You will see stunning views of the Chateaux in the region. Your pilot is key to this adventure. They are sharing the flights' direct cost, not making a profit. They just love to fly and want you to understand their passion for aviation. So be sure to meet your pilot directly at the airfield provided, as there are several private airfields around. ++Confirm weather conditions with your pilot before++ -->Depart from Paris-->land at Amboise for a beach walk/lunch--> Return to Paris in the afternoon, before it gets dark! Enjoy the view from a whole new perspective! The flight can depart between 9-11h, depending on the availability of the pilot, aircraft, and weather. Please let us know your flexible hours/days upon booking, and make sure that you've been in touch with us beforehand!
Return Transfer Van Privé Chateau de Versailles
VISIT OF THE CASTLE OF VERSAILLES Let yourself be transported to the Palace of Versailles residence of the Kings of France and its Park of 815 hectares. Package up to 6 people Round trip. Door-to-door service with professional driver. Van Class V Mercedes up to 6 people. Very spacious - 6 seats guaranteed Mineral waters at discretion and treats on board
The Gardens at the Palace of Versailles: An audio tour of Louis XIV's gardens
The gardens to the west of the Palace of Versailles are unparalleled. On this self guided audio tour, you can meditate in the embrace of 200,000 trees, admire the artistry of 221 sculptures and marvel at the spectacle of 55 fountains shooting water as high as seven meters into the air. But this tour is more than just a pleasant stroll. By the end of it, you'll be looking at the park in a totally different way. Our focus is on the hidden messages left by King Louis XIV. They're lost to average visitors today, 300 years after their creation, but I'll reveal them to you. The Sun King, as he was known, left absolutely nothing to chance in the gardens, and the details told a story that his subjects understood loud and clear. If you are intrigued by history, mythology, numerology, hydrography, meteorology or astronomy this is a tour for you!
1 hour&nbsp30 minutes to 1 hour&nbsp45 minutes
Versailles The Royal Unexpected
Embark for a royal discovery of the most amazing palace in France! House of kings, queens and emperors, crucial set of the revolution, we will together unveil the daily ceremonies and celebrations with fun and sulfurous anecdotes along the way. After the State Apartment and Hall of Mirrors, we will enjoy a stroll in the main perspective of the 22,5 acres of gardens: a real wonder! This tour include a fair amount of walking but it is adaptable to your pace and to kids as well. PLEASE SPECIFY THE STARTING TIME YOU WISH: 10:30 am; 12:30 pm; 2:00 pm
Le Havre Shore Excursions: Versailles Guided Tour
This is a full day private tour that starts early in the morning at around 7:30am. A licensed guide will pick you up at Le Havre to drive you to Versailles. The entrance at the castle will be scheduled to avoid cues. Enjoy the opportunity of visiting Versailles from Le Havre on the best conditions.
City Escape from Paris to Le Touquet in a Private Plane
Escape the hustle and bustle of Paris for the day, follow the river Seine, see the beautiful coast of Normandy and land in le Touquet in just one hour with a small aircraft! Your pilot is key to this adventure. They are sharing the flights' direct cost, not making a profit. They just love to fly and want you to understand their passion for aviation. So be sure to meet your pilot directly at the airfield provided, as there are several private airfields around. ++Confirm weather conditions with your pilot before++ -->Depart from Paris-->land at le Touquet for a beach walk/lunch/swim--> Return to Paris in the afternoon, before it gets dark! Enjoy the view from a whole new perspective! The flight can depart between 9-11h, depending on the availability of the pilot, aircraft, and weather. Please let us know your flexible hours/days upon booking, and make sure that you've been in touch with us beforehand!
What are the best Sightseeing Tours in Versailles?
The best Sightseeing Tours in Versailles according to Viator travelers are:
See all Sightseeing Tours in Versailles on Viator.
What Sightseeing Tours in Versailles are taking additional safety precautions?
These Versailles experiences are providing additional COVID-19 safety measures:
What Sightseeing Tours in Versailles are good for avoiding crowds?
These hidden gems in Versailles may have limited interaction with crowds:
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I am far from the first to lament the recent loss, within a couple of days, of both Nicolas Roeg and Bernardo Bertolucci, and I certainly won't be the last. What follows is not some sort of double obituary, but merely a brief, personal appreciation of two major filmmakers, both of whom proved to be pretty important to me when I was first really 'getting into' film back in the 1970s, and both of whom I had the privilege and pleasure to meet a few times.
Later, in my capacity as editor of the film section of Time Out, I got to meet Roeg and Bertolucci properly, and over the years our paths crossed fairly frequently. Roeg I first spoke with when I visited him on the set of Heart of Darkness – not in sweltering Belize, but in cozy Richmond Green; he seemed to be expecting someone from Variety, not Time Out, which was an appropriately bizarre start to what proved, to me at any rate, to be a fairly confusing conversation. In interview, I found, Roeg's thought processes seemed as fragmented, allusive, elliptical and elusive as the narrative structures of his films; happily, once one got off the subject of his creative methodology, things became clearer, as I discovered at several informal encounters in the ensuing years. A pleasingly wry sense of humour is what sticks in my mind.
Bertolucci I had rather more to do with. My first proper encounter with him was at a party thrown by producer Jeremy Thomas for the release of Wim Wenders' Wings of Desire;. Having been introduced to Bernardo by our mutual friend Tony Rayns, I then almost went and spoilt it all by spilling some red wine over the esteemed director's short; fortunately, he realised that it was the fault of someone who'd bumped into me, and the conversation continued perfectly amiably. That, in fact, seemed fairly characteristic of his manner; certainly, in all my various dealings with him, whether professionally or informally, I found him warm, friendly, funny, charming and very readily talkative (particularly about movies). I was lucky enough to be invited on set for The Dreamers – for the sequence shot at the Louvre – and even luckier when he accepted my proposal that he write the foreword for a book I was editing. Needless to say, what he provided was an erudite and highly enthusiastic expression of cinephilia. Bernardo truly loved cinema, not just as a practitioner but as a spectator and thinker.
What one immediately notices when watching the films of Bertolucci and Roeg – and many would agree, I suppose, that in each case the most important and very greatest achievements came in the first half of the career* – is an utterly distinctive creative personality at work. These were men who were not only unafraid to make 'personal' films, but simply couldn't make them any other way. As I've said, Roeg's fractured, almost cubist storytelling style appears to have been a reflection of the way his mind worked, while Bertolucci's films, oozing sensuous cinematic bravura, were inspired by his own thoughts and feelings about people, politics, relationships, the world… and, to no small degree, himself. Though he himself would speak of the influence of Godard on his early work, there is, perhaps, a comparison to be made with a rather different filmmaker, Ingmar Bergman, who also drew on his own dreams, desires, demons and doubts as material for his art.
Roeg and Bertolucci exemplify a particular approach to filmmaking that was perhaps at its most pervasive and powerful in the 60s and 70s: an approach which was about pushing boundaries of various kinds, and which believed in, depended upon and rewarded the intelligence, curiosity and adventurousness of cinemagoers. (Don't get me wrong: there are still filmmakers around today who work that way, but the industry has changed, and not for the better as far as making movies of personal import and vision is concerned.) In short, Roeg and Bertolucci were artists, not simply technicians. That's why they mattered, and why their films matter still.


Homemade mouthwash plays a vital role in oral hygiene. Brushing cleans only 25% of your mouth but a mouthwash helps to clean all the areas of your mouth where your brush cannot reach. There are many commercial mouthwash products available in the market. But they share a common list of side effects. For example, excess amounts of mint or alcohol present in a mouthwash dries up your mouth.
The best alternative and safe solution is a homemade mouthwash. They don't contain artificial flavors, sweeteners, and alcohol. Mostly a homemade mouthwash can be made with simple ingredients present in your kitchen. Wondering how? Theseare the best 17 methods of making a mouthwash at home.
Cinnamon not only masks the bad breath but also kills the bacteria that cause bad breath. While the fresh lemon juice adds a refreshing citrus scent to it.
Ideal For: This mouthwash is especially useful for fighting off bad breath caused by halitosis and overload of bacteria in the mouth.
Take a couple of juicy lemons and cut them into halves.
Squeeze out the juice completely.
Add 1/2 tablespoon of cinnamon powder to it.
Pour a cup of boiling water to it and mix all the ingredients thoroughly.
Take 2 to 3 tablespoons of this mouthwash and use it to gargle twice a day.
The cleansing properties of baking soda help to remove plaque and all other residues stuck in between the teeth. The detoxifying, anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory properties of tea tree oil fights off gingivitis.
Ideal For: This mouthwash is ideal for dealing with periodontal diseases like gingivitis and getting rid of plaque.
Pour 1/2 cup of warm water to it.
Add 3 to 4 drops of tea tree oil to it.
Mix all the ingredients with a spoon.
Use 2 to 3 tablespoons of this mixture to rinse your mouth.
Repeat gargling twice a day.
Note – Do not swallow this mouthwash because it contains tea tree oil that can cause adverse reactions in the body.
The combination of peppermint essential oil and tea tree essential oil helps to freshen up the mouth and naturally cleanse the teeth as well as gums.
Ideal for: This mouthwash is effective in cleansing stained teeth, reducing bad breath and healing gum infections.
Take 2 cups of spring water or distilled water.
Add 4 to 5 drops each of peppermint oil and tea tree oil to it.
Stir well and store it in a small glass bottle.
Take a small sip of this mixture, swish it around your mouth for 30 seconds and then spit it out.
The natural acids such as acetic acid and malic acid present in apple cider vinegar destroy the bacteria that cause bad breath. Antiseptic property of apple cider vinegar breaks down the plaque deposits.
Ideal For: This mouthwash helps to get rid of bacteria that causes bad breath, cavities and gum infections. It also helps to remove plaque.
Add 2 tablespoons of raw, unfiltered and organic apple cider vinegar to 1 cup of water.
Mix it thoroughly using a spoon.
Take a sip of this mouthwash, swish it in your mouth and gargle with it for 30 seconds and then spit it out.
Repeat this process after every meal.
Hydrogen peroxide is an effective natural cleanser and disinfectant that helps to whiten teeth and prevent infections from spreading. It also speeds up the healing process of the infection.
Take 1 cup of 2% hydrogen peroxide in a bowl.
Add 1 cup of distilled water to it.
Mix the ingredients with a spoon and store in a glass bottle.
Take a sip of this mixture in your mouth.
Swish it around and gargle for 30 seconds and then spit it out.
Note – Do not swallow this mouthwash because it contains hydrogen peroxide that might have adverse effect on your health.
A simple salt water mouthwash helps to reduce dental bacteria by raising the pH balance of the mouth temporarily and creating an alkaline environment that is unfavourable for the bacteria to survive.
Ideal For: A salt water mouthwash is effective for relieving gum sores and reducing dental bacteria.
Add 1/2 teaspoon of salt to a cup of lukewarm water.
Stir it with a spoon so that the salt dissolves completely in the water.
Rinse your mouth with this solution twice a day.
The potent anti-inflammatory property of aloe vera juice helps to reduce bleeding and soothe the swelling of the gums caused by gum infections. Its powerful antiseptic and antifungal property helps to heal the problems of mouth ulcers.
Ideal For: This mouthwash is especially useful for treating gum diseases such as gingivitis and periodontitis. It reduces bleeding and swelling of the gums.
Take 1/2 cup each of aloe vera juice and filtered water in a container.
Add 2 drops each of peppermint oil and tea tree oil to it.
Mix all the ingredients with a spoon and store it in a glass bottle.
Pour a small amount of the mouthwash in a cup, swish it in your mouth for 30 seconds and spit it out.
You can store the rest of the mouthwash in the fridge and use it the following day.
Note – Do not swallow this mouthwash because it contains essential oils that may affect your health.
The powerful antioxidant, antiviral and antimicrobial properties of basil help to fight off the bacteria causing bad breath, infections and mouth ulcers.
Take handful of dry basil leaves and put them in 200 ml of water.
Wait for 10 minutes and then boil the water.
Leave it for 15 minutes and then transfer the mixture to a glass bottle.
Sip enough amounts of the solution, swish it in your mouth.
Gargle with it for 30 seconds and then spit it out.
Use this mouthwash 2 times in a day.
The antimicrobial properties of coconut oil fight off bacteria that cause infections and helps to improve overall oral health. It also prevents cavities and refreshes the breath.
Ideal For: This coconut oil mouthwash is useful for preventing cavities, freshening up the breath and improving overall oral health.
Take 1/2 cup of water and add 1 tablespoon of coconut oil to it.
Add a pinch of sea salt and 2 drops of peppermint oil as well.
Stir with a spoon and store the mixture in a small glass container.
Shake the container and sip 2 tablespoons of mixture in your mouth.
Swish it around in your mouth for a minute and then spit it out.
Repeat this process 1 to 2 times a day.
Compound eugenol present in clove possesses powerful antiseptic and antibacterial properties that deal with oral bacteria and protect against periodontal gum disease. It also works as a natural analgesic that helps to relieve toothache.
Ideal For: The all-natural clove mouthwash is effective for fighting off periodontal gum disease and curing toothache.
Take a tablespoon of whole cloves in a glass bowl.
Pour 1 cup of boiling water over the cloves and cover the bowl with a plate.
Let the water cool down completely.
Strain the clove infused water.
Note – You can also use clove oil instead of whole cloves for this mouthwash.
The potent antimicrobial and antiseptic properties of eucalyptus oil speed up the healing process of gum infections and mouth ulcers. The refreshing aroma of eucalyptus oil helps to refresh the breath.
Ideal For: This mouthwash is best suited for treating teeth infections, mouth ulcers and bad breath.
Take a cup of distilled water and add 1 tablespoon of baking soda to it.
Mix it thoroughly and then add 5 drops each of eucalyptus essential oil and lemon essential oil to it.
Give it a stir and store this mixture in a small glass jar.
Take 2 to 3 tablespoons of it in your mouth, swish it around and gargle with it for 30 seconds.
The essential oil of myrrh contains powerful preservative properties that help to prevent tooth decay and cavities. It also contains antiseptic properties that help to heal infections.
Ideal For: The Myrrh mouthwash is ideal for treating sensitivity of teeth, preventing tooth decay and cavities.
Take a cup of filtered water.
Add 1 teaspoon of sea salt, 2 drops each of Myrrh essential oil and clove essential oil to it.
Take 2 to 3 tablespoons of this mixture and use it to rinse your mouth 1 to 2 times a day.
The antibacterial, antiseptic and anti-inflammatory properties of neem destroys the cavity causing bacteria, breaks down dental plaque and tartar deposits.
Ideal For: The neem mouthwash is ideal for providing relief from gingivitis, periodontitis, clearing out plaque and tartar deposits.
Take handful of neem leaves and twigs and boil it in 3 cups of water.
Continue to boil the water till it reduces to half the quantity.
Let the water cool down completely and then strain it.
Use this mouthwash to rinse your mouth 2 to 3 times a day.
Note – You can also use neem essential oil instead of Neem leaves for preparing this mouthwash.
The natural antibiotic, antiseptic, anti-fungal, anti-viral and anti-parasitic properties of oregano oil helps to relieve toothache, gum infections, gingivitis, bad breath, tooth abscess and canker sores.
Add 2 to 3 drops of oregano oil and tea tree oil to it.
Give it a stir and pour the mixture in a small glass jar.
Take 2 to 3 tablespoons of it in your mouth.
Swish it around, gargle for 30 seconds and then spit it out.
The plethora of potentially active compounds and antioxidants such as carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid in rosemary makes it a potent disinfectant that helps to prevent gum and teeth infections.
Ideal For: The rosemary mouthwash is ideal for fighting off bad breath caused by bacteria.
Take 2.5 cups of water in a bowl.
Add handful of fresh rosemary leaves and mint leaves to the water.
Let the mixture boil till the water reduces to half.
Strain it and store in a glass container.
Use 2 tablespoons of this mouthwash to rinse your mouth and then spit it out.
The soothing properties of witch hazel help to reduce inflammation and irritation of the gums. It stops bleeding of the gums and helps to soothe toothache.
Ideal For: The witch hazel mouthwash is most effective for relieving gum infections and toothache.
Take 1/2 cup of aloe vera juice and add 1/8th cup of witch hazel to it.
Now pour 1 cup of distilled water to this mixture and stir with a spoon.
Store the mixture in a glass container in the fridge.
Pour out 2 to 3 tablespoons of this mixture in a cup.
Use it to rinse your mouth and then spit it out.
Follow this procedure 2 times every day.
Zinc is widely used in oral health care products because of its efficiency against microbes. Antimicrobial properties of zinc fight off different types of bacteria that cause bad breath, gum infections and cavities.
Ideal For: The zinc mouth wash is especially effective for fighting off bacterial infections that cause bad breath and gum infections.
Take 1/2 cup of distilled water.
Add 2 tablespoons of vodka and 1 zinc tablet to it.
Allow the zinc tablet to dissolve completely.
Store the solution in a dark glass bottle.
Add 3 tablespoons of this mouthwash to 1/2 ounce of water.
Use it to rinse your mouth every day once in the morning and once at night.
Have you tried out any of these natural mouthwashes to get rid of bad breath and other oral problems? Then share your experience with us in the comments sections and let us know which mouthwash worked best for you.


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Ida & her husband, Sandy, with Academy Award winning actor Sir Anthony Hopkins & Dr. Bill Dorfman, dentist on ABC's Extreme Makeover & CBS' The Doctors
Ida with James Malinchak, featured on ABC's hit TV show, Secret Millionaire, & Hollywood actor Glenn Morshower, The West Wing, 24, Transformers .
Ida with Jack Canfield, co-creator of the #1 Best Selling book series, Chicken Soup for the Soul
Ida & her husband, Sandy, with award-winning singer/songwriter Gordon Lightfoot
Ida with Barbara Niven, Hollywood actor, speaker, & author
Ida with Felicia Oh, World Grappling Champion & U.S. Olympic Committee Women's Athlete of the Month
Ida with Dave Farrow, 2-time Guinness Record Holder for Greatest Memory
Ida with Kim Lyons, former trainer on NBC's The Biggest Loser