text:
Critical WritingEssays
Karim Fouad
A Transitory Conservation
The objective of this essay is to bring forward the topic of heritage management, erasure and ruination in the Nile river delta as a result of sea level rise and societal collapse. It is an investigation into a possible community resilience through the deep adaptation agenda, a term coined by Professor Jem Bendell in his now well-known paper "Deep Adaptation". Bendell is a professor of sustainability leadership and has written about monetary economics and the need for 'Deep Adaptation' in response to environmental crises. Parallel to that, the essay will highlight the importance of heritage, specifically the numerous ancient 'tells' (meaning small mounds) to a population historically dependent on it, yet presently disenfranchised from. One could speculate that there should be new ways to preserve heritage rather than just maintain it as a staple of memory.
The paper aims to highlight the factors affecting the delta's long heritage and how sustainable archaeology and tourism can benefit the landscape and not align itself with the mainstream archaeology practiced in Upper Egypt, which will be mentioned later in the essay. How can we develop an acceptance of geological and climate change to the region, and channel that into alternative methods of prosperity in the forgotten archaeological realm of the nile Delta?
Another question is raised around how the tell can benefit from local archaeology by becoming more accessible to non specialists in order to raise awareness of a deteriorating landscape as well as amplify its outreach.
The hidden 'tells'
of the Nile Delta
Formed by branches of the Nile in the prehistoric period, the Delta floodplain has seen continuous human occupation and is now is one of the most populated regions in Egypt. Responding to fluctuations in the flood discharge of the Nile, incursion and retreat of the Mediterranean shoreline, as well as subsidence of the land, the floodplain of the Delta is a showcase of how climate change and geological processes can shape landscapes. It was in the context of this moveable, changeable and dynamic landscape that Egyptian civilisation was forged, fuelled by countless external groups from the Levant, Mesopotamia, Persia, Greece, Rome, and Europe, interacting with Egyptians through trade, invasions or population movements. Levantine trading posts, Greek industrial cities, monasteries, mosques, royal tombs, forts, shipyards, orchards, cemeteries, capital cities and much more are witness to a procession of world events. Yet this precious world heritage is now threatened by coastal erosion, fishponds, expanding settlements, and runaway development. Originally inhabited by no more than a million people, the Delta is now home to as many as 43 million, a figure expected to double in the next thirty years. Thousands of villages, hamlets, towns and farmsteads are spreading so fast that they are threatening sites of all periods, from Rosetta with its famous medieval architecture to barely known archaeological sites that were once the majestic capitals of ancient Egypt, such as Sais and Buto. The physical expansion of the Delta dwellers is accompanied by an array of activities that threaten the very existence of ancient sites, from building to the removal of soil, sand and gravel for construction, drowning sites with sewage and effluent water, and turning sites into fish farms. Moreover, the temptation of illicit digging is often irresistible. Climatic changes in the form of sea level rise and fluctuating Nile flood regimes also pose a threat to this vulnerable area.
Archaeologically, the Delta contains various sites with long excavation histories, including Alexandria, Bubastis, Buto, Merimde Beni Salame, Naukratis and Tanis, amongst many others. Despite this wealth, however, the Delta is comparatively unexploited by tourists, as these sites lack the accessibility and high profile enjoyed by Upper Egyptian sites such as the Valley of the Kings, Kom Ombo, Dendera and Abu Simbel. While a challenge, however, the Delta holds rich rewards, not just archaeologically but culturally, socially and environmentally and in the realm of archaeology considered to be as relevant to its counterparts in Upper Egypt.
Apart from those few sites named above, the Delta has traditionally been overlooked by archaeological investigation, and has hindered archaeology due to local land disputes and its geographical remoteness, and while the balance of archaeological excavation and survey has started to be redressed in recent years, it is now more vital than ever that work be increased in this threatened area. Coastal erosion, expanding settlements and runaway development by a population exceeding 40 million (a figure expected to double in the next thirty years) are threatening sites of all periods and types. Thousands of villages, hamlets, towns and farmsteads are spreading in an unprecedented tide of human swell, threatening sites of all periods from Rosetta with its famous medieval architecture to the barely known archaeological sites that were once the majestic capitals of ancient Egypt like Sais and Buto. The physical expansion of Delta dwellers comes with an array of activities threatening the very existence of ancient sites – urban sprawl and land reclamation building over sites, increased agriculture, removing soil, sand and gravel for construction, drowning sites with sewage, and looting.
Top left: Looting
Top right: Overbuilding by development projects
Bottom left: Subsidence
Bottom right: Overbuilding Subsidence by towns and cemeteries
The Delta holds two-thirds of the country's rapidly growing population, and produces more than 60% of its food supply. It is the breadbasket of the nation. Pressure is starting to tell, both economically and environmentally. The increasing urbanisation of the Nile Delta is having an adverse effect on the environment. With more people living in the Delta it means more cars, more pollution and less land to feed them all on, just at a time when increased crop production is needed most. Yet the desertification of land through human habitation is only the beginning of the problem. The freshwater of the Nile – which has enabled Egypt to survive as a unified state longer than any other territory on earth – is creaking under the strain of this population boom. Salinity is creeping into the Delta, with one of the worst-affected regions being Kafr El Sheikh. Coastal farmland has always been threatened by saltwater, but salinity was traditionally kept at bay by plentiful supplies of freshwater flushing out the salt, which no longer occurs due to the Aswan High Dam. As the Delta substratum becomes more porous seawater has begun to infiltrate the Nile Delta aquifer, a vast source of underground water, which is under increasing pressure from the burgeoning population. Upstream demand has increased, reducing the amount of Nile water reaching the Delta, and increasing the prevalence of sewage, toxins and other impurities in water that does so. Farmers have battled falling fertility via the use of chemical fertiliser, or have turned their plots into fish farms.
Climate change may however be the biggest threat. While controversial at every level, most parties have been forced to agree that the ice caps are melting owing to increases in average land and sea temperatures. The climate and environment of the Nile Delta has been constantly changing throughout the Holocene and before; with an intensification of anthropogenic impacts from the Pharaonic period onwards. 'The Nile Delta has a particularly long history of vulnerability to extreme events (e.g. floods and storms) and sea-level rise, although the present sediment-starved system does not have a direct Holocene analogue'. In the twenty first century climate change is set to alter the Nile Delta yet further. The Arab Climate Resilience Initiative (part of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) state that these continuing increases in temperature and sea level will negatively affect biodiversity, food security, water availability, agriculture and tourism, while the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) declared the Nile Delta to be in the top three of the world's regions most threatened by rising sea level: 'even the most optimistic predictions of global temperature increase will still displace millions of Egyptians from one of the most densely populated regions on earth'. The IPCC (2013) predicts a rise of 0.28 to 0.98 metres by 2100; this would destroy at least 12.5% of Egypt's cultivated areas, and displace about eight million people. The higher estimate would see a much more serious result, perhaps in line with McGrath's estimate of 20-30.% of the Delta being submerged (2014). Given that much of the Delta coastline lies between zero and 1.0 m at above sea level, any rise in the sea level would see farmland and cities – including Alexandria – transformed into an ocean floor.
Sea level rise projections in the Nile Delta, indicating severe landing reduction as soon as the next century, threatening the welfare
of agricultural and archaeological communities.
Deeper inland, the threat of climate change slightly thins whereas the threat of overpopulation, sewage, looting and agricultural levelling puts the 'tell' (could also be named 'kom') in a condition of rapid deterioration. The 'tells' unfortunately become vandalised by the very same population that occupies it and inhabits the landscape surrounding it. Perhaps climate change affects local farmers more than others at the moment with the increase of soil salinity and a slow decline of the delta's fertility (hence the government's agricultural expansion into the desert). This has led to an interesting phenomena of robbing the 'tell's' soil and ancient mudbrick that lies beneath. This is because the mudbrick walls that once were settlements, villas, and remnants of an earlier dynasty, amazingly still contain minerals and moisture which deems it highly fertile. What is interesting is that of course, any found artefacts may be of value – but in dire conditions and the possibility of a societal decline in the region has labeled even soil as another advantage the 'tell' has.
Furthermore, these small landscapes, ones that are surveyed but not yet excavated, usually fall under private land ownership. As a result, this has led to serious tensions. Local populations are frustrated at their inability to farm what appears to them to be unremarkable 'archaeological' land, while archaeologists are confounded in their efforts to understand these sites by land disputes and a lack of resources. Neither side can be utterly victorious yet the Delta's heritage must be preserved. Locals must continue to prosper. And the 'tell' must escape its own erasure.
Land disputes surrounding
the 'tells'. Diagram.
Deep Adaptation and Resilience as a Community
Today, you are left with a dormant mound, a sign of unfulfilled archaeological and social potential with a lost sense of belonging to the locality and vice versa. A population disenfranchised from its own landscape. The Delta has traditionally failed to benefit directly from the tells and its tourism. However, if a site has been fully excavated or not, and is not a touristic or archaeological draw, should it be kept from cultivation indefinitely?
We do not know for certain the disruptive extent and impact of climate threat and where it will be most felt, especially as economic and social systems will respond in different and complex ways. But the evidence is accumulating that the impacts will be catastrophic to our livelihoods and the societies that live within. Our norms of behaviour, may also degrade. And when we contemplate this possibility, it may seem abstract. In his paper, Jem Bendell argues that "we do not know what the future will be. The evidence before us suggests that we are set for disruptive and uncontrollable levels of climate change." This highlights, as much of the paper does in fact, a strong and required sense of acceptance of what is to come. The paper is written in a way to make you feel uncomfortable and emergent, yet with a feeling of understanding rather than despair at such a colossal force like climate change, which Timothy Morton calls a "hyper-object", an object or a concept so large and threaded in so many ways it cannot be tangible. This essay does not focus on such effects globally, but rather looks at one microscopic repercussion to a specific region and that is the nile delta, as well speculating on new methods of preservation. Indicating that an erasure of heritage and the concept of ruin to dust will in fact hinder many aspects of daily life for inhabitants of the delta. All the factors mentioned above ultimately hinder local and international archaeology, thus hindering youth and employment in the archaeology and tourism sector. So a system of denial would not help us, in fact it would create a sense of hopelessness among the general public. Indeed, we as the general public and the inhabitants of the delta must adopt resilience. Resilience as a means of developing or using such disturbances to spur and trigger innovative thinking. In the case of this essay, the question that resilience raises is one of longevity. How could the locals begin using the 'tell' to reinstate cultural tradition, create a sustainable archaeology, and create a positive social effect for the population?
Bendell further supports such an argument by saying that "resilience is the capacity of a system, be it an individual, a forest, a city or an economy, to deal with change and continue to develop. It is about how humans and nature can use shocks and disturbances… to spur renewal.." There are currently more than one hundred 'tells' and 'koms' scattered around the delta, from east to west. Utilising these mounds by implementing a sustainable architecture, a universal and cohesive language, could then initiate income and seriously benefit the region in different ways to traditional archaeology and tourism.
The Case of Upper Egypt and the Aswan High Dam
By thinking of new ways of preservation in Egypt, one that would bring communities together rather than displace them, as well as think of a decentralised and sustainable way to do so, one must understand and acknowledge previous examples of preservation in the land. One must also grasp the scale, resources and effort put into such projects when faced with catastrophe, be it natural or man made. Most notably, the rescue of twenty three monuments in Upper Egypt in the 1960s by the state and UNESCO. In 1959, an international donations campaign to save the monuments of Nubia began: the southernmost relics of this ancient human civilization were under threat from the rising waters of the Nile that were about to result from the construction of the Aswan High Dam. The most famous of the monumental project was the salvage of Abu Simbel. The salvage of the Abu Simbel temples began in 1964 by a multinational team of archeologists, engineers and skilled heavy equipment operators working together under the UNESCO banner; it cost some US$40 million at the time. Between 1964 and 1968, the entire site was carefully cut into large blocks (up to 30 tons, averaging 20 tons), dismantled, lifted and reassembled in a new location 65 metres higher and 200 metres back from the river, in one of the greatest challenges of archaeological engineering in history. Some structures were even saved from under the waters of Lake Nasser. Today, a few hundred tourists visit the temples daily. Such an example demonstrates the meaning of preservation in the face of flooding, in this case from Lake Nasser. It further demonstrates the positive effect preservation can have. The temple stands alone above the reservoir but has generated a huge income and cultural definition for the inhabitants and their future generations.
The dismantling and relocation of Abu Simbel, 1964. (UNESCO)
The delta is different. It is truly forgotten. One major aspect that puts the delta second to Luxor and Aswan is what is found there. People stand in awe in the midst of large temples all around Egypt, yet the ruins of the delta do not match that scale. Or at least not yet. With the exception of the ancient city of Tanis, many of the found objects could be quite small. It ranges from pottery shards to mudbrick walls, and rarely some precious fragments of limestone statues. Although it doesn't seem like a lot, the 'tells' actually have an abundance of such objects and therefore provide detailed insights on the past, and help archaeologists and conservationists stitch up fragmented perceptions of these times.
Tanis and Tell el Daba
Upon a site visit in 2019, the eeriness and disregard of the 'tell' resonated. Two sites were visited, and both very different from each other. The first was Tell El Dab'a, an ancient 'tell' sitting on top of what was a settlement and port city for the Hyksos; an Asiatic dynasty that rivalled Egypt. It became clear also that 'tells' are highly censored, yet mildly protected. Photography was only allowed with a permit, and if there are no excavations, there is nothing to see. If there are excavations, it is not publicly accessed and closed off.
The second site, was Tanis; an open air museum sitting on the largest 'tell' in the delta. It is open to the public but is not fully utilised. However, it contains the largest scale of artefacts and perhaps is why it attracts the most local and international tourists in the delta. This site became evident upon observation of what limited benefit locals have made of the landscape. The delta cannot be considered as an open air museum, the large statues there being left to decay. We must rethink museology and curation of what is extracted from the mound. What if we can juxtapose current excavations, with educational and outreach programmes and also exhibit various artefacts? Such ideas should be discussed in order to reshape the components of daily life in the delta.
Tanis, eastern
Nile Delta 2019
Tell Retaba 2019
Kom Bunduq 2019
The Nile delta, and generally tourism has been damaged by recent events in Egypt, and while numbers are now beginning to increase again, there must be a visible change in the way that the past is perceived, handled and benefitted from. The Delta has traditionally failed to benefit directly from tourism, the revenues from which are diverted away, leaving local populations not only socially disenfranchised from their past, but indisposed to protect and embrace their own heritage. Opportunities often present themselves. It is obvious that not every site can be a tourist attraction; sustainable tourist management needs to be formulated within the state, to identify the kind of sites that will appeal to visitors and develop these into a Delta-wide network that ensures fair distribution of financial rewards. Positive adaptation consists in fashioning a work to resemble traditional models. Negative adaptation opposes it, and consists in fashioning a work not to resemble them, in setting it in contrast with them. In both cases, the work stands in a determinate relationship to tradition, whether positive or negative.
A new material system should be proposed, one that provides an architecture in which the process of excavation and conservation becomes the sight, parallel to exhibiting and publishing the findings. So in conclusion, the condition of deep adaptation in this essay expresses how residents of the rural nile delta should begin to innovate and mobilise the tell, a small patch of land that is highly contested and will deteriorate with sea level rise. Resilience will restore a sense of dependence on the heritage and and will have a positive social effect. Such would be an indirect response to the climatic changes in the region as a means of maintaining the landscape for everyone. If a project is deployed in all possible sites, it can begin to establish a common language of local thriving, be it archaeological or even agricultural, a place where farmers could trade and sell goods to visitors and those who would be transforming the 'tell'
Visualising the juxtaposition and layering of local daily life and archaeology.
Mobilising the site. The plan here indicates the juxtaposition of conservation spaces, learning spaces and market places where the grid is to be a method of unification for these programs.
Possibilities of an architecture revolving around the excavation. The grid acts as an
architectural universal language on the ground. Drawing and collage – 2020
Karim is a multidisciplinary architect and researcher, based in Cairo and London. He has a masters degree in architecture from the Architectural Association (London). His academic work touched on a variety of topics including communal preservation, urban regeneration and hydrological research.
References (and further readings)
Archaeology, Abydos. Outreach. Abydos Archaeology, 2019, abydos.org/outreach.
Bendell, Jem. Deep Adaptation: A Map for Navigating Climate Tragedy. IFLAS, University of Cumbria, 2018, Deep Adaptation: A Map for Navigating Climate Tragedy.
Egypt Exploration Society. 2019. https://www.ees.ac.uk
Reid, Donald. Indigenous Egyptology: The Decolonization of a Profession? American Oriental Society, 1985, pp. 1-14, Indigenous Egyptology: The Decolonization of a Profession?
Shenker, Jack. Nile Delta: 'We Are Going Underwater. The Sea Will Conquer Our Lands'. The Guardian, Guardian News and Media, 20 Aug. 2009, www.theguardian.com/environment/ 2009/aug/21/climate-change-nile-flooding-farming. Stanley, Jean-Daniel. Submergence and Burial of Ancient Coastal Sites on the Subsiding Ni... / Journal of Mediterranean Geography, Presses Universitaires De Provence, 26 Jan. 2009, journals.openedition.org/mediterranee/2282. Stoler, Ann Laura. The Rot Remains. Imperial Debris: on Ruins and Ruination, Duke University Press, 2013, pp. 2-20. Strategies of Innovation. On the New, by Boris Grois and G. M. Goshgarian, Verso, 2014, pp. 51-67. Tassie, Geoffrey, and Joris Van Wetering. The Nile Delta in Peril: Cultural Heritage Management in the Delta. Golden House Publications and ECHO, 2015, pp. 101-121, The Nile Delta in Peril: Cultural Heritage Management in the Delta. Zayed, Dina. Sea Level Rise Threatens Alexandria, Nile Delta. Reuters, Thomson Reuters, 14 Nov. 2010, www.reuters.com/article/us-climate-egypt/sea-level-rise-threatens-alexandria-niledelta- idUSTRE6AD1DI20101114.
* All images in this essay are by Karim Fouad
Last Things First: A Manifesto
Arabic Cover Archive
The need for archives are really pressing, the team of the Arabic book cover archive wrote down a manifesto that lays out their thoughts, hopes, and envisioning for the future of information
Sporadic Notes On Design Education
Engy Aly
Engy Aly writes some sporadic notes on design education and reflecting on her experience teaching in Egypt.


So i have a pretty normal life, family ect you get the point.
But this incident..it probably changed my life forever and continues to do..
I was like what 5 or 10 idk but i was brishing my teeth one day getting ready for bed when i thought i saw something..Since i was always a imaginative kid, i believed in mythical creatures,dragons,dinosaurs. So i looked throught the small hole and there was something for sure. it had to blood-red eyes glaring at me and a pointy nose? Or hand? i wasnt sure. So i ran to my dad..
"Jim your a big boy monsters arent real."
Awesome, definitely looking forwards to a part 2!


text:
Q: Height of a Tree i have 2 implementations for a height of a Tree:
public int height() {
    if (isEmpty()) {
        return 0;
    } else {
        return 1 + Math.max(leftChild.height(), rightChild.height());
    }
}

and :
public int height2() {
    if (!isEmpty()) {
        int leftHeight = leftChild.height2();
        int rightHeight = rightChild.height2();
        if (leftHeight > rightHeight) {
            return leftHeight + 1;
        } else {
            return rightHeight + 1;
        }
    } else {
        return 0;

    }
}

Both are working but i dont understand the second one. How does he compare
leftHeight > rightHeight if they never get a number before?
Thanks!

A: In both examples, the logic is:

*

*If the node is empty, return 0

*If the node isn't empty:

*

*Get the height of the leftChild node (recursively)

*Get the height of the rightChild node (recursively)

*Once we have those, compare them to decide which is greater

*Return the greater one plus 1

The second example just does the Math.max in longhand using a comparison, instead of passing the values into Math.max. There's no difference in when the function gets the height of leftChild and rightChild.
I recommend stepping through the code statement-by-statement in a debugger to see when the recursion happens and when the values are available.
Here's an example in JavaScript (language doesn't really matter here, this is about recursion) which may make it clearer:

let indent = "";
class TreeNode {
  constructor(name, leftChild = null, rightChild = null) {
    this.name = name;
    this.leftChild = leftChild;
    this.rightChild = rightChild;
  }
  isEmpty() {
    return this.leftChild == null && this.rightChild == null;
  }
  height2() {
    indent = "  " + indent;
    console.log(indent + "Getting height of " + this.name);
    try {
      if (!this.isEmpty()) {
          let leftHeight = this.leftChild.height2();
          let rightHeight = this.rightChild.height2();
          if (leftHeight > rightHeight) {
              console.log(indent + "Done, height of " + this.name + " is " + (leftHeight + 1));
              return leftHeight + 1;
          } else {
              console.log(indent + "Done, height of " + this.name + " is " + (rightHeight + 1));
              return rightHeight + 1;
          }
      } else {
          console.log(indent + "Done, height of " + this.name + " is 0");
          return 0;
      }
    } finally {
      indent = indent.substring(2);
    }
  }
}
const t = new TreeNode(
  "top",
  new TreeNode(
    "middle-left",
    new TreeNode("bottom-left-left"),
    new TreeNode("bottom-left-right")
  ),
  new TreeNode(
    "middle-right",
    new TreeNode("bottom-right-left"),
    new TreeNode("bottom-right-right")
  )
);
console.log(t.height2());
.as-console-wrapper {
  max-height: 100% !important;
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A lot of your ideas, such because the rollaboard carry-on bag and the reminiscence foam journey pillow, are appropriate not just for enterprise vacationers but also for extra aged passengers (like me!) whose bodies want every assist they will get to outlive the stresses and strains of long-distance travel. I do assume airline travel has become a ache, so perhaps that can still the interest in trains within the U.S. I admire your feedback.


DANIEL AMARTEY has paid his respects to the late Leicester City chairman Vichai Srivaddhanaprabha by visiting the King Power Stadium today.
Amartey, 23, visited the ground with flowers on crutches and was visibly emotional as he prayed.
Srivaddhanaprabha lost his life alongside four others on Saturday night when his helicopter crashed just seconds after taking off from the King Power Stadium pitch.
Leicester's squad went to the stadium yesterday alongside Khun Vichai's son and club vice-chairman Aiyawatt.
But the Ghanaian defender was unable to attend with his team-mates as he began his recovery from a serious ankle injury.
Amartey went down in injury time of Leicester's 1-1 draw with West Ham, appearing to break his ankle before being stretchered off.
And it was not until after coming out of "successful surgery" that the right-back learned of Srivaddhanaprabha's tragic death.
In an emotional Instagram post, Amartey said: "Thank you everyone for your encouraging words of support, but devastating to come out of a successful surgery to learn about our Chairman who has meant so much for this Club and for all of us players.
"My prayers goes out to your family Boss."
The club opened a book of condolences for fans to write their personal messages.


text:
Ethnic differences in parental perceptions of genetic testing for deaf infants
Christina G.S. Palmer, Ariadna Martinez, Michelle Fox, Yvonne Sininger, Wayne W. Grody, Lisa A. Schimmenti
Pediatric Genetics & Metabolism
As genetic testing becomes an integral part of the evaluation of deaf infants and children, it is important to understand parental views on genetic testing. The purpose of this study is to examine parental reasons for, and beliefs about, genetic testing for deafness in early-identified infants, and to determine if they differ as a function of ethnicity. We present baseline data collected from 56 Caucasian, 59 Hispanic, and 24 Asian parents of deaf children participating in a longitudinal, prospective study on genetic testing for connexin-related deafness. The overall finding is that reasons for, and beliefs about, genetic testing for deafness varied as a function of ethnicity. Virtually all parents sought genetic testing to understand why their child is deaf. However, Asian and/or Hispanic parents were more likely than Caucasian parents to view family planning, helping with their child's medical care, and helping the family as other important reasons for testing, and were more likely than Caucasian parents to perceive genetic testing to be useful for these purposes. Asian and Hispanic parents were more likely than Caucasian parents to perceive genetic testing in harmful terms. Genetic testing fulfills a cognitive need for parents to understand why their child is deaf, yet differences in responses suggest that Asian and Hispanic parents may seek testing for other purposes. Understanding different perspectives on genetic testing for deafness will enhance genetic counselors' cultural competence and facilitate the pre-test genetic counseling session.
Journal of Genetic Counseling
Acknowledgements This research was supported by National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Grant DC005663. The authors are grateful to the participating families who generously gave their time and support to allow performance of this study.
Connexin 26
GJB2
Dive into the research topics of 'Ethnic differences in parental perceptions of genetic testing for deaf infants'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Genetic Testing Medicine & Life Sciences 100%
Parents Medicine & Life Sciences 65%
Deafness Medicine & Life Sciences 42%
Hispanic Americans Medicine & Life Sciences 37%
Cultural Competency Medicine & Life Sciences 13%
Connexins Medicine & Life Sciences 12%
Counselors Medicine & Life Sciences 11%
Palmer, C. G. S., Martinez, A., Fox, M., Sininger, Y., Grody, W. W., & Schimmenti, L. A. (2008). Ethnic differences in parental perceptions of genetic testing for deaf infants. Journal of Genetic Counseling, 17(1), 129-138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-007-9134-z
Ethnic differences in parental perceptions of genetic testing for deaf infants. / Palmer, Christina G.S.; Martinez, Ariadna; Fox, Michelle et al.
In: Journal of Genetic Counseling, Vol. 17, No. 1, 02.2008, p. 129-138.
Palmer, CGS, Martinez, A, Fox, M, Sininger, Y, Grody, WW & Schimmenti, LA 2008, 'Ethnic differences in parental perceptions of genetic testing for deaf infants', Journal of Genetic Counseling, vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 129-138. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10897-007-9134-z
Palmer CGS, Martinez A, Fox M, Sininger Y, Grody WW, Schimmenti LA. Ethnic differences in parental perceptions of genetic testing for deaf infants. Journal of Genetic Counseling. 2008 Feb;17(1):129-138. doi: 10.1007/s10897-007-9134-z
Palmer, Christina G.S. ; Martinez, Ariadna ; Fox, Michelle et al. / Ethnic differences in parental perceptions of genetic testing for deaf infants. In: Journal of Genetic Counseling. 2008 ; Vol. 17, No. 1. pp. 129-138.
@article{11afb540889248d49b760926c56a7306,
title = "Ethnic differences in parental perceptions of genetic testing for deaf infants",
abstract = "As genetic testing becomes an integral part of the evaluation of deaf infants and children, it is important to understand parental views on genetic testing. The purpose of this study is to examine parental reasons for, and beliefs about, genetic testing for deafness in early-identified infants, and to determine if they differ as a function of ethnicity. We present baseline data collected from 56 Caucasian, 59 Hispanic, and 24 Asian parents of deaf children participating in a longitudinal, prospective study on genetic testing for connexin-related deafness. The overall finding is that reasons for, and beliefs about, genetic testing for deafness varied as a function of ethnicity. Virtually all parents sought genetic testing to understand why their child is deaf. However, Asian and/or Hispanic parents were more likely than Caucasian parents to view family planning, helping with their child's medical care, and helping the family as other important reasons for testing, and were more likely than Caucasian parents to perceive genetic testing to be useful for these purposes. Asian and Hispanic parents were more likely than Caucasian parents to perceive genetic testing in harmful terms. Genetic testing fulfills a cognitive need for parents to understand why their child is deaf, yet differences in responses suggest that Asian and Hispanic parents may seek testing for other purposes. Understanding different perspectives on genetic testing for deafness will enhance genetic counselors' cultural competence and facilitate the pre-test genetic counseling session.",
keywords = "Connexin 26, GJB2, Genetic testing, Hearing impairment, Hearing loss, Newborn hearing screening",
author = "Palmer, {Christina G.S.} and Ariadna Martinez and Michelle Fox and Yvonne Sininger and Grody, {Wayne W.} and Schimmenti, {Lisa A.}",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgements This research was supported by National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Grant DC005663. The authors are grateful to the participating families who generously gave their time and support to allow performance of this study.",
journal = "Journal of Genetic Counseling",
publisher = "Kluwer Academic/Human Sciences Press Inc.",
T1 - Ethnic differences in parental perceptions of genetic testing for deaf infants
AU - Palmer, Christina G.S.
AU - Martinez, Ariadna
AU - Fox, Michelle
AU - Sininger, Yvonne
AU - Grody, Wayne W.
AU - Schimmenti, Lisa A.
N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements This research was supported by National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Grant DC005663. The authors are grateful to the participating families who generously gave their time and support to allow performance of this study.
N2 - As genetic testing becomes an integral part of the evaluation of deaf infants and children, it is important to understand parental views on genetic testing. The purpose of this study is to examine parental reasons for, and beliefs about, genetic testing for deafness in early-identified infants, and to determine if they differ as a function of ethnicity. We present baseline data collected from 56 Caucasian, 59 Hispanic, and 24 Asian parents of deaf children participating in a longitudinal, prospective study on genetic testing for connexin-related deafness. The overall finding is that reasons for, and beliefs about, genetic testing for deafness varied as a function of ethnicity. Virtually all parents sought genetic testing to understand why their child is deaf. However, Asian and/or Hispanic parents were more likely than Caucasian parents to view family planning, helping with their child's medical care, and helping the family as other important reasons for testing, and were more likely than Caucasian parents to perceive genetic testing to be useful for these purposes. Asian and Hispanic parents were more likely than Caucasian parents to perceive genetic testing in harmful terms. Genetic testing fulfills a cognitive need for parents to understand why their child is deaf, yet differences in responses suggest that Asian and Hispanic parents may seek testing for other purposes. Understanding different perspectives on genetic testing for deafness will enhance genetic counselors' cultural competence and facilitate the pre-test genetic counseling session.
AB - As genetic testing becomes an integral part of the evaluation of deaf infants and children, it is important to understand parental views on genetic testing. The purpose of this study is to examine parental reasons for, and beliefs about, genetic testing for deafness in early-identified infants, and to determine if they differ as a function of ethnicity. We present baseline data collected from 56 Caucasian, 59 Hispanic, and 24 Asian parents of deaf children participating in a longitudinal, prospective study on genetic testing for connexin-related deafness. The overall finding is that reasons for, and beliefs about, genetic testing for deafness varied as a function of ethnicity. Virtually all parents sought genetic testing to understand why their child is deaf. However, Asian and/or Hispanic parents were more likely than Caucasian parents to view family planning, helping with their child's medical care, and helping the family as other important reasons for testing, and were more likely than Caucasian parents to perceive genetic testing to be useful for these purposes. Asian and Hispanic parents were more likely than Caucasian parents to perceive genetic testing in harmful terms. Genetic testing fulfills a cognitive need for parents to understand why their child is deaf, yet differences in responses suggest that Asian and Hispanic parents may seek testing for other purposes. Understanding different perspectives on genetic testing for deafness will enhance genetic counselors' cultural competence and facilitate the pre-test genetic counseling session.
KW - Connexin 26
KW - GJB2
KW - Hearing impairment
KW - Hearing loss
KW - Newborn hearing screening
JO - Journal of Genetic Counseling
JF - Journal of Genetic Counseling

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Like many of you we have been enjoying the Easter long weekend. Currently blogging from Cairns, we both were lucky enough to snag 3 days leave between Easter and Anzac day giving us 10 days off total which is madness for this time of year. The weather hasn't been too crash hot so far but we got a day of blissful sun on Sunday, so we ventured out to Trinity Beach to soak up some rays. The beach has always been our favourite place and pastime so it was nice to be back in the heat, enjoying some sun, sand and salt water. This week is anticipated to include a trip to the reef, many games of Settlers of Catan, reading, relaxing and hopefully enjoying some sun. Hope you are all enjoying the Easter long weekend!


text:
Wednesday, Jan 19th 2022 5-Day Forecast
'He wouldn't slow down for anyone': Captain Tom's proud grandson reveals 'lovely memories' of family bike rides in touching tribute and says his war hero grandfather wouldn't want a lavish funeral
Tom Teixeira told radio station LBC the veteran would 'not slow down for anyone'
He said that his hero grandfather's favourite moment was meeting the Queen
Mr Teixeira said he though that his grandfather would want 'a nice quiet funeral'
The war veteran, who raised £33million for NHS charities, died yesterday at 100
Published: 08:17 EST, 3 February 2021 | Updated: 10:06 EST, 3 February 2021
The proud grandson of Captain Sir Tom Moore has spoken of the 'lovely memories' of bike rides he shared with the man who would go on to inspire a nation, as he paid a touching tribute to his 'go-getting' grandfather.
Tom Teixeira said the war veteran 'wouldn't slow down for anyone', including his own grandson, as he lovingly recounted memories of his hero grandfather.
He also revealed how the now-British icon 'never expected anything' when he set out on his walking challenge - which would touch the nation's heart and raise £33million for NHS charities.
But he said the 'typical Yorkshireman', who passed away with coronavirus in Bedford Hospital on Tuesday, would not want a 'lavish' funeral, adding 'he would want something nice and small'.
Speaking about his grandfather to James O'Brien on radio station LBC: 'He is what you see on TV, he's just a go-getter.
Tom Teixeira (pictured here with grandfather Captain Tom and brother Max) has spoken of the 'lovely memories' of bike rides he shared with his grandfather
Tom Teixeira, who posted an emotional tribute on Instagram (pictured), said the war veteran 'wouldn't slow down for anyone', including his own grandson, as he lovingly recounted memories of his hero grandfather
Captain Sir Tom Moore (pictured in April) became a national treasure during the first coronavirus lockdown after he raised more than £32 million for the NHS by walking 100 laps of his garden before his 100th birthday
'He doesn't slow down for anyone, even at 100-years-old with a Zimmer-frame, walking laps of the garden.
'He just always taught me. I remember growing up with him we would go ride bikes along a train track in Gravesend, he wouldn't slow down for me, he would just carry on going and would say "come-on Thomas".
Mr Teixeira, who is one of Captain Tom's four grandchildren, alongside brother Max, and cousins Benjamin and Georgia Ingram-Moore, also revealed how his grandfather's favourite moment during his meteoric rise to fame was meeting the Queen.
Captain Sir Tom Moore tested positive for coronavirus after... Clap for Captain Tom at 6pm tonight: Boris Johnson will lead...
He said: 'I know how much it meant to him meeting the Queen. It was a shame we couldn't be there, but I just know how much joy that would have brought to him.
'He's such a patriot and that was amazing to see.'
However, Mr Teixeira said Captain Tom 'didn't think too much into' his rise to fame at the age of 99, saying that 'he just got on with it'.
And he said with his 'it is what it is' attitude, Captain Tom would most likely want a 'quiet' funeral.
When asked by Mr O'Brien about plans to celebrate the veteran's life, Mr Teixeira said: 'Knowing him he would want something nice and small, quiet, he wouldn't want anything too lavish.'
Tom Teixeira revealed how Captain Tom 'never expected anything' when he set out on the walking challenge which would touch touch the hearts of millions and raise £33million for NHS charities
Mr Teixeira (pictured speaking to LBC's James O'Brien), said the war veteran would likely want a 'small and quiet' funeral
His touching tributes came as Captain Sir Tom Moore's family revealed the war veteran was diagnosed with Covid after being treated in hospital for pneumonia.
He had been previously regularly screened for Covid-19, due to his age making him more vulnerable to the disease.
Clap again for the Captain tonight at 6pm
Britain will take part in a national round of applause in honour of Captain Sir Tom Moore, Boris Johnson announced today as MPs observed a minute's silence.
The Prime Minister has asked people across the country to clap for the inspirational war veteran and NHS fundraiser at 6pm this evening after his Covid press conference.
The move comes after a social media campaign calling for the tribute.
Addressing the Commons, Mr Johnson said Captain Tom had dedicated his life to serving others, and encouraged everyone to take part in tonight's tribute - which will also recognise NHS health workers.
'We all now have the opportunity to show our appreciation for him and all that he stood for and believed in,' he said.
'That is why I encourage everyone to join in a national clap for Captain Tom and all those health workers for whom he raised money at 6pm this evening.'
Speaker Sir Lindsay Hoyle said of Sir Tom: 'His dignity and determination in raising money to support the NHS charities caught the nation's mood at the most difficult time. He exemplified the best of our values.'
Today the government backed calls for a permanent memorial to Captain Tom to recognise his contribution to the NHS, the government said this morning.
<!- - ad: https://mads.dailymail.co.uk/v7/us/news/none/article/other/mpu_factbox.html?id=mpu_factbox_1 - ->
He was clear of coronavirus on December 9 before he flew away to Barbados - a trip paid for by British Airways as a treat for his achievements. And he was tested again when he arrived home on January 6.
After returning to the UK he was admitted to Bedford Hospital on January 12 where he was diagnosed with pneumonia.
He was unable to get a vaccine jab because of the treatment.
But by the time he was discharged from the hospital on January 22 tests showed he had now caught the disease.
At his home in Marston Moretaine, Bedfordshire, he was cared for by family and medics until he had to be taken back to hospital on January 31 by ambulance when he started having breathing difficulties.
Yesterday his devastated daughters Hannah Ingram-Moore and Lucy Teixeira announced he had passed away peacefully.
The pair hailed the last year of Captain Tom's life as 'nothing short of remarkable', and said: 'He was rejuvenated and experienced things he'd only ever dreamed of.'
A statement from Buckingham Palace led tributes on Tuesday afternoon and said: 'The Queen is sending a private message of condolence to the family of Captain Sir Tom Moore.
'Her Majesty very much enjoyed meeting Captain Sir Tom and his family at Windsor last year. Her thoughts and those of the Royal Family are with them, recognising the inspiration he provided for the whole nation and others across the world.'
A tribute to Captain Tom was emblazoned on the screens at Piccadilly Circus, while the London Eye, Wembley Stadium, and Blackpool Tower were all lit up in his honour.
Downing Street lowered its flags to half-mast as Boris Johnson hailed the national hero as a 'beacon of hope in the world'.
And in a mark of Captain Tom's international acclaim, Joe Biden's White House posted a tweet paying tribute to the man 'who inspired millions through his life and his actions.'
The Prime Minister said: 'Captain Sir Tom Moore was a hero in the truest sense of the word. In the dark days of the Second World War he fought for freedom and in the face of this country's deepest post war crisis he united us all, he cheered us all up, and he embodied the triumph of the human spirit.
Captain Tom (pictured front) along with his grandchildren Benji (left), Georgia (middle left), his daughter Hannah (middle right) and her husband Colin Ingram (right) as they enjoyed the Barbados sunshine
The last picture: This was the final picture of Captain Tom, released by his family on January 18 with his loved ones around him
A tribute to Captain Tom tonight at London's Piccadilly Circus, with a message saying 'the nation salutes you'
A member of the public leaves a candle outside the home of Captain Sir Tom Moore after his death was announced tonight
Wembley Stadium tweeted: 'Tonight, Wembley Stadium joins the nation in remembering and celebrating the life and achievements of @captaintommoore'
'It is quite astonishing that at the age of 100 he raised more than £32million for the NHS, and so gave countless others their own chance to thank the extraordinary men and women who have protected us through the pandemic.
'He became not just a national inspiration but a beacon of hope for the world. Our thoughts are with his daughter Hannah and all his family.'
Speaking today, Health Secretary Matt Hancock backed calls for a statue of Captain Tom, while TV star Amanda Holden circulated a calling on Mr Johnson to make the plans a reality.
Captain Sir Tom Moore's family reveal hero's timetable of Covid tests
December 9, 2020 Captain Tom is tested for Coronavirus ahead of a planned trip abroad with his family and is shown to be clear of the disease.
December 11, 2020 The war veteran tweets a picture of himself on a British Airways plane seat before he travels to Barabados, saying 'I never thought that, at the age of 100, I would get to travel again'
December 18, 2020 Captain Tom looks healthy and relaxed in a picture from Barbados, captioned 'Enjoying a beautiful family day in the Barbados sunshine'
January 6, 2021 Captain Tom and his family return to the UK and continues regular testing for Covid, with all results coming back negative
January 12, 2021 The fundraiser is admitted to hospital in Bedfordshire after beginning to suffer breathing problems. He is diagnosed with pneumonia and is kept in for treatment. He is given another coronavirus test, which shows he does not have the disease.
January 22, 2021 Captain Tom is discharged from hospital for his own comfort. That day, a test he has now got coronavirus.
January 31, 2021 His family say he has been admitted to hospital after suffering breathing difficulties.
February 2, 2021 A statement from his daughters reveal he has died peacefully with his relatives around him in hospital.
Health Secretary Matt Hancock said Captain Tom's contribution - having raised more than £32 million for the NHS during the first coronavirus lockdown - will be formally marked.
Asked whether a statue might be built 'in possibly his home town or where he was born or in London', Mr Hancock told LBC: 'Yes, I do think that we should find a way, at the right time, to honour the contribution that he made to the NHS and he was an inspiration to so many people.'
His comments on a memorial came amid calls for Captain Sir Tom to be honoured on the Fourth plinth in Trafalgar Square or to receive a stone in Westminster Abbey.
Mr Hancock told BBC Radio 4: 'I hope that at the right time we will find the way permanently to honour his contribution to the NHS.
'He became to symbolise something and something that we all needed to see – that cheerful resilience in the face of difficulty and adversity and the fact that everybody do what they can.'
And asked later whether a statue might be built 'in possibly his home town or where he was born or in London', Mr Hancock told LBC: 'Yes, I do think that we should find a way, at the right time, to honour the contribution that he made to the NHS and he was an inspiration to so many people.'
Amanda Holden remembered Captain Sir Tom Moore as a 'real beacon of light in a time of real darkness'.
The radio and TV presenter also said listeners to her Heart Breakfast show have been calling for a statue of Sir Tom to be erected.
Speaking on GMB, Holden said: 'I said on my Instagram, he was a real beacon of light in a time of real darkness and he kind of brought us all together and reminded us what an amazing, strong, stoic generation he came from, and it was an example to us all.
'I always feel enormously sad - Piers (Morgan), I know you were close to your grandmother, I was to mine, and then you see Tom go, and I take it quite personally, because you think it's another member of that generation that we've lost. We will never see the likes of them and their sense of humour and that indomitable spirit ever again, I don't believe.'
Holden joined Susanna Reid and Piers Morgan in celebrating Captain Tom's sense of humour and humility.
Meanwhile, Dame Vera Lynn's daughter Virginia Lewis-Jones said Captain Moore will be remembered as somebody who 'stepped up to the mark'.
She said: 'He was such a wonderful person. There's something about that age group, they seem to go on forever because they're so stalwart, and I think it's what they went through.
'Tom lived for the country and worked for the country now as he did all those years ago.'
Captain Tom's daughters had announced the sad news that their father had passed away just after 4pm on Tuesday afternoon.
A woman walks past a mural of Captain Tom Moore today in East Belfast, Northern Ireland as people across the country paid tribute to him
Floral tributes to Captain Moore have been laid at the village green near the house where he lived with one of his daughters and her family
Two police officers arrange the flowers into neat rows after dozens of bouquets were dropped off outside the house
They said: 'It is with great sadness that we announce the death of our dear father, Captain Sir Tom Moore.
'We are so grateful that we were with him during the last hours of his life; Hannah, Benjie and Georgia by his bedside and Lucy on FaceTime. We spent hours chatting to him, reminiscing about our childhood and our wonderful mother. We shared laughter and tears together.
Let's put up a statue to Captain Tom: Matt Hancock says war hero has a 'place in history' and should be permanently honoured
A permanent memorial to inspirational Captain Sir Tom Moore should be built to recognise his contribution to the NHS, the government said this morning.
Secretary of State for Health Matt Hancock confirmed the 100-year-old had cemented his place in history after his heroic fundraising efforts.
He said his courageous rallying of the country during the coronavirus pandemic had symbolised resilience in the face of adversity.
Meanwhile, Boris Johnson has also announced a national round of applause at 6pm this evening.
'The last year of our father's life was nothing short of remarkable. He was rejuvenated and experienced things he'd only ever dreamed of.
'Whilst he'd been in so many hearts for just a short time, he was an incredible father and grandfather, and he will stay alive in our hearts forever.
'The care our father received from the NHS and carers over the last few weeks and years of his life has been extraordinary. They have been unfalteringly professional, kind and compassionate and have given us many more years with him than we ever would have imagined.
'Over the past few days our father spoke a great deal about the last 12 months and how proud he felt at being able to leave behind the growing legacy of his Foundation.
'We politely ask for privacy at this time so we can grieve quietly as a family and remember the wonderful 100 years our father had. Thank you.'
Originally from Keighley, West Yorkshire, Captain Tom had been on a dream holiday to Barbados on December 11 after British Airways offered him free flights to the Caribbean.
He had not been seen in public since the pre-Christmas break, but tweeted as he departed: 'The support I have been shown in 2020 has given me renewed energy and today I get to tick something off my bucket list.'
He first shot to international prominence in the teeth of the first wave of the pandemic last year, when on April 6, the 99-year-old set off to walk 100 laps of his garden before his 100th birthday. Captain Tom aimed to raise £1,000 for the NHS.
But after capturing the nation's hearts the money donated to his Just Giving page grew exponentially and by his 100th birthday on April 30, the sum had surged to almost £33million.
Flowers and candles were laid outside his home in Marston Moretaine, Bedfordshire, yesterday,
Bill Chandi, Marston Moretaine's postmaster, said he was 'shellshocked' when he heard of Sir Tom's death.
'We were expecting that Captain Tom would pull through, but this virus has taken our dear Tom away from us,' he said. 'He will be extremely missed.'
He said he had known Sir Tom for more than 20 years and that Sir Tom would visit the Post Office twice per week.
'We always had a little natter and he had a bit of a joke and a laugh,' he said.
The Archbishop of Canterbury said: 'Sir Captain Tom Moore was the very best of us. Where he walked, a nation followed.'
The NHS simply said 'thank you for everything'.
The White House tweeted: 'We join the United Kingdom and the world in honoring the memory of Captain Sir Tom Moore, who inspired millions through his life and his actions.'
Tributes today at the plaque at the Town Hall Square in Keighley, Yorkshire, where Captain Tom was born and grew up
Captain Sir Tom Moore receiving Inspiration Of The Year Award at the GQ Men Of The Year Awards 2020
Captain Tom receiving his knighthood from Queen Elizabeth II during a ceremony at Windsor Castle. He raised almost £33m.
Among the slate of achievements in the extraordinary final year of his life, Captain Tom became the oldest person to reach Number One in the charts, with a version of You'll Never Walk Alone with Michael Ball.
Ball told the One Show: 'When I got to spend that time with him at his home, that's when the real Tom came alive because he was so on the ball and so quick,' the singer told The One Show.
'He was staggered by what had happened but he's from that generation that they took it in their stride. He was thrilled by the way everything had gone and was so proud of it.'
Captain Tom was also the oldest person to appear on the front cover of GQ magazine, pictured with his medals proudly pinned to a tuxedo and draped in the Union flag.
Dylan Jones, editor in Chief of GQ, said: 'Captain Tom was one of the heroes of 2020, and he was the first person we thought of celebrating when we started planning last year's Men Of The Year Awards.
'Not only was he the oldest person ever to grace our cover, he was one of the most gracious. He was a hero, a genuine old-fashioned hero, and I feel blessed that we were in his orbit, albeit for a very brief time.'
From Yorkshire to India: Colonel Tom Moore's career in the military
Colonel Tom pictured during the Second World War. Boris Johnson described him as a national treasure during the Covid-19 crisis after raising almost £33million for the NHS
Captain Tom Moore was conscripted into the British Army in June 1940 when he was 20, alongside all men aged 20 to 35.
He began his military career in Otley, West Yorkshire, where he joined the 8th Battalion, the Duke of Wellington's Regiment under Lieutenant Lord George Saville.
The Regiment was sent to train in Wadebridge, Cornwall where they were tasked with coastal defence amid a predicted German invasion.
A young Captain Moore was soon promoted to Corporal and sent to the officer cadet training unit in Droitwich Spa. Here, he celebrated his 21st birthday after he passed as a Second Lieutenant.
In August 1941, he was sent to the DWR headquarters in Halifax where he joined the 9th Battalion at Winchcombe.
The infantry battalion then converted to an armoured regiment 146th Royal Armoured Corp, though the majority of the soldiers could not drive.
Captain Moore is pictured front centre during his days in the Army. He joined the Armed Forces in 1940 when he was aged 20
In October, the unit was posted to Bombay, now Mumbai, in India. The journey took six weeks by sea, with a four-day delay in Freetown, Sierra Leone and a four-day stop in Cape Town.
Captain Moore then took a train from Bombay to Poona, before arriving at Kirkee, a town now known as Khadki.
The 9th DWR formed the 50th Indian Tank Brigade under the command of Brigadier Schreiber.
Captain Moore was then asked by the Brigadier to start a motorcycling course for the Brigade due to his expertise for the sport.
The Brigade was then ordered to move to Calcutta - the road journey was in a monsoon and took three weeks.
His Battalion was stationed in the Lohardaga district near Ranchi. They then took part in two exercises in the Arakan before moving further east and south to Rangoon.
Captain Moore was then sent on a course at the approved vehicle depot in Bovington, England. He remained here as an instructor until it was closed.
Captain Tom's proud grandson reveals 'lovely memories' of family bike rides in touching tribute
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text:
Janis Ian, född som Janis Eddy Fink den 7 april 1951 i New York, är en amerikansk sångare, musiker, kolumnist och science fiction-författare. Hon påbörjade sin musikkarriär under 1960-talet och 1970-talet och har sedan dess fortsatt. 1975 vann hon en Grammy för sången "At Seventeen".

Kritiker av RIAA
Janis Ian är uttalat kritiskt inställd till Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), vilket är en skivindustri som hon menar agerar mot såväl musikernas som konsumenternas intresse. Som en del av sitt motstånd mot RIAA har hon låtit flera av hennes sånger bli fritt tillgängliga för nedladdning på hennes hemsida. Hon var inte bara en av de första artisterna att göra detta, utan också en av de första som visade att fria nedladdningar faktiskt kan öka försäljningen av skivor.

Diskografi

Album
 Janis Ian (1967) #29 US (Verve)
 For All the Seasons of Your Mind (1967) #179 US (Verve)
 The Secret Life of J. Eddy Fink (1968) (Verve)
 Who Really Cares (1969) (Verve)
 Present Company (1971) (Capitol)
 Stars (1974) #83 US, #63 (Columbia)
 Between the Lines (1975) #1 US, #22 Japan (Columbia, Festival)
 Aftertones (1976) #12 US, #1 Japan (Columbia)
 Miracle Row (1977) #45 US, #26 Japan (Columbia)
 Janis Ian (1978) (Columbia)
 Night Rains (1979) (Columbia)
 Restless Eyes (1981) #156 US (Columbia)
 Uncle Wonderful (1983) (Festival) (Australia only)
 Breaking Silence (1993) (Morgan Creek)
 Simon Renshaw Presents: Janis Ian Shares Your Pain (1995)(not released until 12.09)
 Revenge (1995) (Beacon)
 Hunger (1997) (Windham Hill)
 god & the fbi (2000) (Windham Hill)
 god & the fbi (3 Bonus Tracks) (2000) (JVC Japan)
 Lost Cuts 1 (2001) (Rude Girl)
 Billie's Bones (2004) (Oh Boy, Rude Girl Cooking Vinyl US)
 Breaking Silence (Bonus Track) (2003) (Rude Girl, Cooking Vinyl UK)
 Hunger (Bonus Track) (2003) (Festival, Cooking Vinyl UK)
 Stars (Bonus Track) (2004) (Festival, Cooking Vinyl)
 Between the Lines (Bonus Track) (2004) (Festiva, Cooking Vinyl UK)
 Aftertones (Bonus Track) (2004) (Festival, Cooking Vinyl UK)
 Miracle Row (Bonus Track) (2004) (Festival, Cooking Vinyl UK)
 Janis Ian (1978) (Bonus Track) (2004) (Festival, Cooking Vinyl UK)
 Night Rains (Bonus Track) (2004) (Festival, Cooking Vinyl UK)
 Billie's Bones (Bonus Track) (2004) (JVC Japan)
 Folk is the New Black (2006) (Rude Girl)
 Folk is the New Black (With DVD) (2006) (Evasound)
 Revenge (Bonus Track) (2006)(Cooking Vinyl UK 2003) (WEA)

Compilation albums
 Remember (1978) (JVC Japan)
 The Best of Janis Ian (1980) (CBS)
 My Favourites (1980) (CBS)
 Stars/Night Rains (Double Album) (1987) (CBS)
 At Seventeen (1990) (CBS)
 Up 'Til Now (1992) (Sony)
 Society's Child: The Verve Recordings (1995) (Polydor)
 Live on the Test 1976 (1995) (BBC World Wide)
 Unreleased 1: Mary's Eyes (1998) (Rude Girl)
 The Bottom Line Encore Collection (1999) (Velvet)
 The Best of Janis Ian (2002) (Festival)
 Live: Working Without a Net (2003) (Rude Girl)
 Souvenirs: Best of 1972-1981 (US CD) (2004) (Rude Girl)
 Souvenirs: Best of 1972-1981 (Japan CD) (2004) (JVC Japan)
 Souvenirs: Best of 1972-1981 (CD/DVD) (2006) (Evasound)
 Unreleased 2: Take No Prisoners (2006) (Rude Girl)
 Unreleased 3: Society's Child (2006) (Rude Girl)
 Ultimate Best (2007) (JVC Victory)
 Best of Janis Ian: Autobiography Collection (2008) (Rude Girl)
 The Essential Janis Ian (2009)

Singlar

DVDs
 Live at Club Cafe (2005) (Rude Girl)
 Janismania (2005) (Rude Girl)
 Through the Years: A Retrospective (2007) (Rude Girl)
 Janis Ian '79: Live in Japan & Australia (2008) (Rude Girl)

Bibliografier
Who Really Cares: Poems From Childhood and Early Youth 1969 (2002 re-release)
Songbook  1999
Stars: Original Stories Based on the Songs of Janis Ian 2003  (ed., with Mike Resnick)
"Prayerville" 2003 (in Women Writing Science Fiction As Men, ed. Mike Resnick and Martin H. Greenberg )
 Society's Child: My Autobiography, 2008, Tarcher/Penguin; ;

Referenser

Externa länkar
 Officiell webbplats
 Janis Ian's Pearl Foundation

 Janis Ian interview on Slashdot
 2006 interview
 Janis Ian archive on NPR Music

Födda 1951
Levande personer
Amerikanska gitarrister
Kvinnor

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
The Bronx Apartments, Condos and Real Estate
CityRealty > Neighborhoods >
The Bronx Apartments and Real Estate Information
Riverdale 103 Available Apartments
Situated on rocky bluffs overlooking the Hudson River, Riverdale is an affluent, residential neighborhood in the northwest portion of the Bronx. Known for its river views and suburban charms, Riverdale residents fight hard to retain its scenic and close-knit character.
Explore The Bronx Neighborhoods
Riverdale(103 Apts)
The Bronx real estate news
Price Cuts: 534 West 29th slashes prices; Yorkville penthouse reduced by $7.55 million From the time the High Line opened to the public, West Chelsea has evolved into a bastion of high-end, creative architecture. The latest entrant is 534 West 29th, a boutique condominium offering six full-floor units between the High Line and Hudson Yard. Many units come with private terraces, and... Tuesday, November 22, 2022
Watch the leaves change color from Riverside Park, Prospect Park, and other gems of greenery from these NYC apartments As beautiful as it can be to watch the leaves of Central Park change color in the fall, it is far from the only option for enjoying the changing seasons in New York. On the West Side, Riverside Park presents multiple levels of activities and open space. At the opposite end of the city, Tompkins S... Tuesday, October 4, 2022
Home court advantage: With U.S. Open underway, see NYC apartment buildings with private tennis courts The quarterfinals are underway at the U.S. Open, but it has already been an extremely eventful tournament. Serena Williams announced that this would likely be her last major event, and celebrities filled the stands for her matches. On the men's side, all eyes are on Francis Tiafoe, who defeated R... Tuesday, September 6, 2022
Price Cuts: Authentic Soho loft gets 20% haircut; FiDi penthouse reduced by $500K
Four Affordable Neighborhoods for Renters and Buyers + Attainable, Attractive Listings in Each
Price Cuts: Battery Park City penthouse gets 58% haircut; Gramercy apartment discounted to $450K
Price Cuts: Penthouse at The Pythian reduced by $1.5M; Riverside Boulevard condo now asks $895K
Newly-listed trophy apartments include Nolita loft with smart home upgrades and four private terraces
How to get pre-approved for a mortgage to buy a NYC apartment + Priced to Sell Listings
New Listings: Spacious 2-Bedrooms under $2 Million
Apartments for sale & rent in The Bronx
The Bronx Condos and Co-ops
Explore All The Bronx neighborhoods
Riverdale Situated on rocky bluffs overlooking the Hudson River, Riverdale is an affluent, residential neighborhood in the northwest portion of the Bronx. Known for its river views and suburban charms, Rive...


text:
Q: What are counter examples for these statements?
Question 1.
Let $\{T_i\}_{i\in I}$ be a family topologies on a set $X$.
Provide an example that $\bigcup T_i$ is not a topology on X.

>

Question 2.
Let $X$ be a compact space and $Y$ be a topological space.
Let $f:X\rightarrow Y$ be a continuous bijection.
Provide an example that $f$ is not a homeomorphism.

What are these two counter examples?
For Question 1, I think two non-comparable(for the order $\subset$) topologies should be given, but I cannot think of one since every finite dimensional normed space has the unique topology under any norm. I cannot think of an example that is not a finite-dimensional topological space.
For Question 2, $Y$ must not be Hausdorff. Likewise above, I cannot think of an explicit example which is not Hausdorff...

A: A non-trivial example for question one: let $X = \{1,2,3\}$.
Take $T_1 = \{\emptyset,\{1\},X\}$, and $T_2 = \{\emptyset,\{2\},X\}$.  Note that $T_1 \cup T_2$ is not a topology.

A: For question one take $I=\varnothing$.
For question two take $X=Y=\{0,1\}$ with the discrete resp. trivial topologies, i.e.
$$T_X=\{\varnothing,\{0\},\{1\},\{0,1\}\}\qquad\text{ and }\qquad T_Y=\{\varnothing,\{0,1\}\}.$$
Then taking for $f:\ X\ \longrightarrow\ Y$ the identity will do.


text:
Home Leaders
Commander Erik Halvorson
A native of Fredrick, Maryland, Commander Halvorson graduated from The Pennsylvania State University in 2003, earning a Bachelor of Science in Computer Engineering. CDR Halvorson was commissioned through Officer Candidate School in NAS Pensacola, FL and reported for flight training in October 2004. He earned his Naval Flight Officer Wings in April 2006 and in June 2006 reported to the VAQ-129 "Vikings" for initial fleet training as an EA-6B Electronic Countermeasures Officer.
CDR Halvorson began his operational flying in June 2007 with the "Gauntlets" of VAQ-136, part of CVW-5 in Atsugi, Japan. While a "Gauntlet," he made three deployments aboard USS KITTY HAWK (CV 63) and USS GEORGE WASHINGTON (CVN 73), participating in multiple Western Pacific AOR international exercises.
CDR Halvorson was then selected for the NFO to Pilot program and reported to NAS Corpus Christi, TX in February 2010 for primary pilot training. He earned his Naval Aviator Wings at NAS Kingsville, TX in December 2011 and in February 2012 returned to the VAQ-129 "Vikings" for initial pilot fleet training and transition to the EA-18G Growler.
CDR Halvorson returned to the fleet in February 2013 and joined the "Cougars" of VAQ-139 for his "Super JO" tour. While with the "Cougars" CDR Halvorson completed a 10 month deployment aboard USS CARL VINSON (CVN 70) in support of Operation INHERENT RESOLVE.
CDR Halvorson's next assignment was as a Department Head in VAQ-134, the "Garudas." While with the "Garudas" he served as both Safety Officer and Operations Officer, helping transition the squadron to the EA-18G Growler. CDR Halvorson made the squadron's initial Growler expeditionary deployment to the Indo-Pacific Area of Responsibility.
Following his department head tour, CDR Halvorson served as the VAQ Assignments Officer at PERS-43 in Millington, TN. While on the NPC staff, he directly supported the VAQ community by representing over 400 constituents and serving on multiple administrative boards.
Next, CDR Halvorson attended the College of Naval Warfare at The Naval War College in Newport, RI. CDR Halvorson was selected to participate in the Halsey Bravo Advanced Research Group and was awarded the Honor Graduate earning a Masters of Arts in National Security and Strategic Studies. He selected for squadron command in March 2019 and reported to VAQ-140 as the Executive Officer in December 2021.
CDR Halvorson has accumulated over 2,500 flight hours in 8 naval aircraft with 555 carrier arrested landings, including 28 combat missions. His awards include the Air Medal with Bronze Star, Strike/Flight Air Medal, Navy Commendation Medal (3 awards), and Navy/Marine Corps Achievement Medal along with various service awards and ribbons. He is married to the former Katherine Mares of Chalfont, Pennsylvania and has two amazing children, Landon and Anders.
VAQ-140 Executive Officer
Commander, Naval Air Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet


text:
package com.twelvemonkeys.imageio.util;

import com.twelvemonkeys.io.FileUtil;
import com.twelvemonkeys.lang.StringUtil;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.swing.filechooser.FileFilter;
import java.io.File;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;

/**
 * ReaderFileSuffixFilter
 *
 * @author Harald Kuhr
 * @author last modified by $Author: haku$
 * @version $Id: ReaderFileSuffixFilter.java,v 1.0 11.okt.2006 20:05:36 haku Exp$
 */
public final class ReaderFileSuffixFilter extends FileFilter implements java.io.FileFilter {
    private final String description;
    private final Map<String, Boolean> knownSuffixes = new HashMap<String, Boolean>(32);

    public ReaderFileSuffixFilter() {
        this("Images (all supported input formats)");
    }

    public ReaderFileSuffixFilter(String pDescription) {
        description = pDescription;
    }

    public boolean accept(File pFile) {
        // Directories are always supported
        if (pFile.isDirectory()) {
            return true;
        }

        // See if we have an ImageReader for this suffix
        String suffix = FileUtil.getExtension(pFile);

        return !StringUtil.isEmpty(suffix) && hasReaderForSuffix(suffix);
    }

    private boolean hasReaderForSuffix(String pSuffix) {
        if (knownSuffixes.get(pSuffix) == Boolean.TRUE) {
            return true;
        }

        try {
            // Cahce lookup
            Iterator iterator = ImageIO.getImageReadersBySuffix(pSuffix);

            if (iterator.hasNext()) {
                knownSuffixes.put(pSuffix, Boolean.TRUE);
                return true;
            }
            else {
                knownSuffixes.put(pSuffix, Boolean.FALSE);
                return false;
            }
        }
        catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
            return false;
        }
    }

    public String getDescription() {
        return description;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Police: Man "rammed" woman with truck
By Molly Davidson
Published 3:39 pm Thursday, June 26, 2014
By MOLLY DAVIDSON / Staff Writer
A Pelham man is being held in the Douglas, Ga., County Jail after allegedly causing an accident resulting in the death a Douglasville, Ga., woman on June 25.
According to the Douglas County Sentinel Newspaper, Dewey Calhoun Green, 23, has been charged with felony murder, aggravated assault and aggravated battery after allegedly killing Janice Pitts, 53, with his car in front of her "adult daughter" and granddaughter.
According to Douglasville Police Chief Chris Womack, Green exited Interstate 20 and rear-ended the victim's car, which "was sitting in the turn lane waiting to turn left." Green allegedly "rammed" the victim's vehicle repeatedly and "pushed it about 38 feet" forward.
When the "female occupant got out" of the vehicle to survey any damage, Green allegedly "pinned" her between "the passenger side of his truck and the driver's side of her vehicle," Womack said, he then allegedly "put it (his truck) in reverse and ran over her backwards," killing her.
Green allegedly attempted to flee the scene of the crime, but ran his truck "up on an embankment in front of Walgreens," whereupon onlookers apprehended and held him until law enforcement arrived, Womack said.
"We've gotten a warrant for his blood," Womack said, noting a sample has been sent to the toxicology lab for testing.
Womack said Green was passing through Douglasville on his way to Atlanta.
"He was supposedly traveling to Atlanta to see his girlfriend," Womack said.
Womack said Green is scheduled to appear in court tomorrow, June 27.
Jeff State president retiring June 30
FROM STAFF REPORTS After serving 35 years as president, Dr. Judy Merritt will retire from Jefferson State Community College on... read more


Michael Caine -- who became a star with Alfie -- veered into a new direction as British Intelligence agent Harry Palmer in 1965's The Ipcress File (8 p.m., WFLX-Ch. 29). The first entry in a brief series of spy films based on Len Deighton's novels, this was intended as a "thinking man's" antidote to the blatantly escapist James Bond movies. Palmer wears glasses, resorts to violence only when necessary, and is a gourmet cook. The film is a bit too self-consciously directed by Sidney J. Furie (who resorts to gimmicks in place of style), but Caine is fine, the script is well-constructed, and there is a first-class British supporting cast. In fact, the performance by co-star Nigel Green is so good -- far surpassing even Caine -- that Universal Pictures immediately signed him to appear with Rock Hudson in Tobruk.


text:
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Bus Stop Books – A Weekly Letter from Rabbi Davis – February 1, 2019
Shalom Chaverim,
A new train from Jerusalem to Tel Aviv has been much in the news. When complete, it will make the journey in just 30 minutes. While it is an engineering marvel – it literally cuts through the hills of Yehuda- it has been plagued by delays.
Less well-known to non-natives is the old train line in Jerusalem. The tracks that once made their way through Baka and the German Colony have been turned into a pedestrian path for walkers, runners and bikers. Along the way are art installations and signs with poetry and the history of the area.
Walking the path on my last trip, I came across an installation by students of the art school, Betzalel. They had taken an old bus stop and converted it into a lending library. This being Jerusalem, there was an eclectic variety of books: chumashim and religious books, classic Israeli novels, school text books and cheap romance novels. Picture a Little Free Library on steroids which makes sense- Israel boasts the highest per capita book purchasing and second highest per capita book publishing of any country.
My chance upon the book bus stop couldn't have been timelier. Shortly thereafter, I learned later that Amos Oz, Israel's most prolific author, had died. Oz authored 40 books, including novels, short story collections, children's books, and essays. His work has been published in 45 languages, more than that of any other Israeli writer.
Oz grew up in a family of book lovers. His home was lined with bookshelves much like the office of his father who worked as a librarian for the National Library. As a child, Oz dreamed of being a book as he wrote in his celebrated autobiography, A Tale of Love and Darkness: "When I was little, my ambition was to grow up to be a book. Not a writer. People can be killed like ants. Writers are not hard to kill either. But not books: however systematically you try to destroy them, there is always a chance that a copy will survive and continue to enjoy a shelf-life in some corner on an out-of-the-way library somewhere in Reykjavik, Valladolid or Vancouver."
For thousands of years, Jews have been forced to move around — fleeing bigotry, slavery, pogroms, famines and tyrants. We had no land. We had no magnificent art or architecture. But we had words. We had books. Words are portable. And so as with the Holy Ark- itself a book chest- we travelled with our books, our treasured possessions.
Amos Oz wrote, "The best way to know the soul of another country is to read its literature." Though he has passed away, his books remain. And they will continue to shape the soul of our nation… as long as we continue on as The People of the Book.
Bivrakha,
Rabbi Alexander Davis
adavis@bethelsynagogue.org
5225 Barry St W St. Louis Park, MN 55416 | 952.873.7300 © Beth El Synagogue. All rights reserved. Beth El Synagogue is affiliated with the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism.


text:
Q: In my Vue 3 app, all the Typescript files turn out to be accessible from the browser console I have built my first Vue3 js app, using Typescript, and I find that all the Typescript files are available to browse (for anyone) through the Sources tab of the browser console. All the code comes out clear and readable.
Is there any way to avoid this?
Thanks a lot.

A: The solution was to create the file vue.config.js in the root folder and add the following:
module.exports = {
  productionSourceMap: process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production'
}


The figure of Kim Jong-un is a somewhat complex one. On the one hand he is the totalitarian leader of a fascist regime, apparently poised on the brink of declaring nuclear war; on the other, his hair is a bit funny looking. It is this dichotomy which has come to characterise the North Korean leader, and perhaps explains why in general, our society perceives him as more Michelin Man than menace.
However, our trivialisation of the leader detracts us from the extent of his threat, given that the US has recently confirmed they believe Kim Jong-un capable of building and deploying a nuclear warhead. His role extends beyond that of a mere political puppet.
A quick Google search of the word 'Kim' leads one to a myriad of stories which focus on Kim Jong-un's new haircut and bizarre public appearances. An entire Tumblr is devoted to 'Kim Jong-un Looking at Things'. While much of this is undeniably funny, it is difficult to ignore the shocking reports which intersperse the images of Kim Jong-un: denial of personal freedoms, sexual violence, censorship, forced labour, but to name a few. Almost every conceivable infringement of human rights is occuring in North Korea, and yet our media focus more on his expanding waistline than his growing tyranny.
Such is the power of the media, a potentially deadly despot is turned into nothing more than a nationwide inside joke. A similar feat has been achieved by Boris Johnson, who has managed to convince the UK that he is a fumbling, floppy-haired fop rather than a cunning politician. If we take a step back, for all of Boris' bumbling and green bike initiatives, he is in an actual fact an ardent Tory, holding a major political position. While Johnson is not currently sitting on any nuclear weapons, he demonstrates perfectly the pervasive effect of the media to present the powerful as a caricature. It is in essence the media who have trivialised Kim Jong-un, and have done so without considering the consequences.
The danger posed by Kim Jong-un is even more pressing considering the advancement in nuclear technologies.Should we really be making fun of the person whose finger is currently poised on the big red button – that could inflict a catastrpohic toll on humanity – whilst ignoring to immerse ourselves in the geopolitical realities, which may allow for such an event to take palce? his is without considering the atrocities which Kim Jong-un has committed against his own people,; the imprisonment of over 200,000 North Koreans in forced labour camps is anything but laughable. Despite the trail of destruction and oppression left in his wake, Kim Jong-un continues to be roundly lampooned by the Western media and reduced to nothing more than a caricature.
This is important in some respects, portraying a tyrant as nothing more than a tantrum-throwing toddler is one way to effectively undermine their regime, but ultimately, it is naïve to suggest that soley thtough laughter will this aggressive regime end. The best we as a public can hope for, is that our leaders see him for the jingoistic despot he really is, even if parts of our media cannot.