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City won't spray for mosquitos
As early as this spring, experts predicted that changing weather patterns, in particular a wetter-than-usual summer, would have a profound impact on the insect population, across the United States. That impact is being felt significantly in Lockhart and Caldwell County this October, as residents struggle with an increased mosquito population, which is striking fear in the hearts of some residents, given rumors of mosquito-borne illnesses throughout Central Texas.
Last week, a sampling of mosquitos in Cedar Park, Texas, revealed the presence of West Nile Virus in the mosquito population, though no human cases had been confirmed in the region at press time.
"All in all, those diseases are pretty uncommon," said local physician Randall Kirtley, MD. "And even if someone does contract West Nile or Zika, it's unlikely that they would feel anything more than a slight fever, headache and skin rash."
Citing the Centers for Disease Control, Kirtley said only 32 cases of the Zika virus have been documented this year within the entire State of Texas, and most of those were connected to patients traveling to other locales where the disease is more prevalent.
"There are only certain types of mosquitos that carry the Zika virus," he said. "Those are generally going to be found in South Texas and the Coastal Bend. We haven't had any problems here in Caldwell County."
West Nile Virus, he said, is similar, and though the disease has been found in Central Texas mosquitoes, its incidence in humans is rare. Again citing the CDC, he noted that only one in every 150 people who actually contracts the virus will develop symptoms that could be considered serious. In fact, fewer than 1 percent of people bitten by a West Nile-positive mosquito will become severely ill.
Still, concerns about the worst aspects of those, and other mosquito-borne illnesses have prompted local residents to outrage at the City of Lockhart, for not doing more to help combat the winged pests.
"People have called in talking about the fact that Luling is spraying, that San Marcos is spraying, and wondering why we aren't," said City Manager Vance Rodgers last week. "There are several reasons for it; the most important of those is that we can't even get the equipment we need for our fogger anymore."
Rodgers reported the City of Lockhart stopped fogging for mosquitoes in 2008, after complaints that the fog was causing respiratory problems for residents, and hurting other insect populations.
"We tried to fog at night, and people would complain about the noise," he said. "We tried to fog during dawn and dusk, and they would complain that the fog was causing respiratory problems."
Noting complaints that the City of Luling was fogging their neighborhoods, Rodgers nodded to the dangers of the chemicals Luling is using, principally a combination of malathion and diesel fuel. Malathion is recognized by the American Cancer Society as a carcinogenic product, often linked to spikes in prostate cancer. Rodgers said he refused to use the product, but was working with City staff to find other alternatives.
"We have done a lot of work on drainage this year, so we're keeping our eyes out for places that we know there is standing water," he said. "We're making sure to treat standing water on City property with 'cakes,' which kill the larvae."
He said because more than 75 percent of a mosquito's lifespan is spent in the water, before the pests can fly, the most effective way to combat them is to alleviate standing water, and to use the so-called "mosquito-dunks" to kill the larvae.
"Even with what we're doing, there is only so much that we can do without the public's help," he said. "We ask our residents to take responsibility for watching for standing water on their property and their neighbors' property, and to make sure that they're limiting the stagnant water, which will limit the places where the mosquitoes can breed."
He said putting a few drops of bleach in standing water can be helpful in killing the larvae and preventing further breeding while the water evaporates.
Both Kirtley and Rodgers agree the safest way for residents to protect themselves from mosquito-borne illness is to employ personal protection measures.
"Wearing long sleeves and pants, and using an insect repellent with DEET if you're going to be outside during dusk and dawn, when the mosquitoes are most active goes a long way," Kirtley said. "When you see people that work outdoors that are wearing the long-sleeve button-down shirts and loose-fitting pants and boots, they aren't doing that only to protect themselves from the sun. They know that will protect them from being bitten."
Rodgers noted that even if the City found a means to spray, it would provide residents with a false sense of security.
"Even the places that are spraying, they are only doing that near their right-of-ways with standing water," he said. "It helps, but it doesn't alleviate the problem. The best way to protect yourself is to take responsibility for you protection, which includes treating your home and yard, making sure that you're wearing protective clothing and using some form of insect repellent if you're going to be outside."
At greater risk for mosquito-borne diseases, are our four-legged family members. As early as April, the Companion Animal Parasite Council was predicting a spike in infestations of both heartworm and lyme disease in companion animals this year, due in large part to weather conditions that make situations ideal for above-average populations of mosquitos.
Some experts say that, even a pet on a monthly preventative executed perfectly could contract heartworms from an infected mosquito, simply because of the proliferation of the insects. "Pet parents" are advised to protect their pets by making sure their pets are current on their preventative medications, and by keeping dogs indoors if possible, during peak activity times at dawn and dusk. Additionally, many over-the-counter products, including repellent collars and topical repellents help protect pets from mosquito bites that could cause them discomfort and, eventually, harm.
As temperatures cool, the mosquito population is expected to dissipate. Mosquitoes tend to go into hibernation when temperatures reach below 50 degrees for sustained periods. However, in Central Texas in the fall, 50-degree days could still be months away. In the meantime, Rodgers said, the City of Lockhart will continue to look for ways to help to stave off the pest population, and urged residents to continue to take individual steps toward protection of themselves, their homes and their families.
"Most of protection is common-sense use of personal measures," he said. "Of course, we're going to help in any way that we can, but there is only so much we can do, and then it falls to the individual to make sure they're doing their part."
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Welcome to our fabulicious range of unique gift ideas for women of all ages. If you're looking for perfect and memorable Christmas gifts for her, then you're in the right place. We have something for every occasion and present ideas for all tastes and styles. Browse our selection where you will find everything from novelty stocking fillers for under £10, to massive heart felt gestures.
Are you looking unique ideas for Mothers's Day gifts or something romantic for Valentines's Day? Does your sister seem to have everything already? Our gifts ideas for sisters page offers you a wide range of unusual and personalised gifts just for her. Does she love pink? Then check out our huge range of pink gifts. If it's something for a wedding or hen night then visit our Weddings Gifts and Hen Night pages as they offer an awesome range of gifts perfect for these occasions. Don't forget to check out our gorgeous selection of Personalised Gifts For Women a particular favourite with the ladies, especially the personalised glasses they go down a treat for any occasion.
We have a fabulous range of thoughtful personalised treasures, perfect for her Home and Garden. If you're looking for something personalised then check out our personalised homeware page, where you'll find a beautiful selection personliased home decor ranging from delicate bottle stoppers and clocks through to striking wall art. If you want to give her something to light up her home? then visit our gorgeous girlie lighting section, or pick up something for the garden in our garden gifts and tools department. Then browse through our popular collection of metal wall signs and vintage plaques; here you will find a variety of wall art ranging from vintage wooden plaques through to retro metal wall sign and personalised posters, or add a touch of humour to a fridge or noticeboard with our huge range of Retro Novelty Metal Fridge Magnets perfect for you if you're looking for retro gifts for women.
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Maastricht University has a vacancy for a postdoctoral researcher at the faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences in the department of Radiotherapy. Radiotherapy's strategic goal is to tailor cancer treatments to the clinical, biological and genetic characteristics of an individual patient so that the best outcome can be achieved. An important part of the strategy is the implementation of proton therapy, not only in Maastricht but also across the Netherlands. To this end, the ProTRAIT project was started together with UMC Groningen.
The aim of ProTRAIT is the realization of IT infrastructure needed for an evidence-based and model-based introduction of proton therapy into the clinic. In ProTRAIT, you will be responsible for the introduction and implementation of the Personal Health Train in all Dutch proton therapy centers. Important aspects of this work include adherence to the FAIR data principles and implementation of distributed learning.
Additionally, you will be part of a cross-faculty team consisting of computer scientists, medical physicists and medical informaticists, PhD students, software engineers and post-doctoral researchers. As an academic position focused on research, you will mentor and recruit PhD students and have limited teaching responsibilities.
Specific: You are a highly motivated individual with a PhD in data science, computer science, artificial intelligence, machine learning or equivalent. Experience with data integration, ontologies, Linked Data and Semantic Web technology is required. Experience in machine learning,medical images, image analysis and software engineering skills are a plus.
Generic: You are open-minded, independent, pragmatic and result-oriented individual with a strong international orientation and are able to take initiative. You are fluent in English, both in writing and speech. We are looking for a positively minded researcher with an affinity with health care research and motivated to build a scientific career in the area of basic and translational oncology research. You will closely collaborate with other members of the Knowledge Engineering and Radiomics team.
The terms of employment of Maastricht University are set out in the Collective Labour Agreement of Dutch Universities (CAO). Furthermore, local UM provisions also apply.
For more information look at the website www.maastrichtuniversity.nl , Support/UM employees/Employment conditions.
- Use these data to machine learn individual prediction models that can be used for decision support.


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Events for April, 2
Naperville Community Church, Church Services
"The Navigator" tech
Charlotte's Web support spaces
Charlotte's Web support space
Form & Function, a North Central College student art exhibition by Grace Goodwyn, Jenna Mormolstein, and Nicole Rash will be on view until April 30th, 2017. There will be a reception on Friday, April 21 from 5-7pm. Light refreshments will be served.
"Charlotte's Web"
Theatreworks USA's production of "Charlotte's Web," a play by Joseph Robinette with incidental music by Jeffrey Lunden, is based on E.B. White's loving story of the friendship between a pig named Wilbur and a little gray spider named Charlotte. Wilbur has a problem: how to avoid winding up as pork chops! Charlotte, a fine writer and true friend, hits on a plan to fool Farmer Zuckerman and...
North Central College Art Department Student Exhibit
March 26-May 5
This exhibit will feature works from student(s) in the Art Department. The exhibitor's name(s) will be announced at a later date.
Oesterle Library Gallery is located at 320 E School Street., Naperville, IL, 60540. Gallery Hours: 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Saturday, noon to 8 p.m. Sunday. To learn more about the exhibit, contact...
NSLS Leadership Training Day
This event is for NSLS members who are working towards their induction into the society. Hear from experts and participate in workshops related to communication, leadership, and professional development.
Lorraine Peltz
Lorraine Peltz's paintings and works on paper examine the ideas of memory, place, and identity - particularly in relation to women. Using imagery culled from both personal history and the contemporary moment she paints recognizable iconic objects imbued with potent metaphoric possibilities, and incorporates them in a range of painterly events. Peltz's images coalesce into exuberant fields of...
3:00 PM- 4:10 PM
Picosa Dress Rehearsal for Sounds of New Music Concert on Apr 5
Picosa Dress Rehearsal in preparation for the concert they'll be performing on April 5th

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Disease and Prevention
BookDoc grows explosively with 700% growth year over year
by | PRNewswire Asia | 0 comments
KUALA LUMPUR, Malaysia, Feb. 12, 2019 /PRNewswire/ — About 85% – 90% of startups failed in the first and second year. This is a hard and bleak truth. BookDoc, a medtech startup, has not only celebrated its third year anniversary but has been growing by leaps and bounds with 700% growth, year over year and continue to spread its wings in regional expansion. The company is present in 5 countries and 20 cities.
"BookDoc started as a business-to-consumer (b2c) player, backed by a versatile team and encouraged by its highly accelerated growth, it is now ventured into both business-to-business (b2b) and business-to-government (b2g). Most start-ups failed because they ran out of cash. We recognized discipline is vital in financial management, also with the recent signing of a multi-million million contract with a government agency for 5 years has not only turned our cash flow positive but also paved a visible path for future sustainability and profitability," said founder and CEO of BookDoc, Dato' Chevy Beh.
"BookDoc is serving diversified customer segments such as insurance companies (e.g. AXA, Sunlife, Prudential, RHB Insurance), over 20 corporate clients which include Fortune 500 companies with 300,000 employees collectively subscribing to BookDoc's services. We are thrilled that there are another 3-5 big and highly significant deals in the pipeline within the next 12 months and the recent government contact which will operationalize in august 2019 will bring in additional two million active users to our platform. We are also excited and humbled by the opportunities to work with various government agencies," said Dato' Chevy Beh.
BookDoc is backed by a diverse group of investors from entrepreneurs to seasoned healthcare and insurance professionals, banker, regulators as well as ICT professionals. Its strategic investors include the Royal Family of Brunei, The King of Gaming, Dr Stanley Ho's family of Macau/Hong Kong, the billionaire Hamami family of Indonesia and Groupon founders of Asia Pacific. It has been awarded by Frost & Sullivan as the most innovative e-mobile healthcare company in Southeast Asia for 3 consecutive year, 2016 to 2018.
BookDoc, with presence in Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand and Indonesia, is an online platform that operates across the healthcare continuum connecting patients to healthcare professionals anytime and anywhere, while incentivising all to stay active. It has established an integrated online ecosystem for local and overseas health travellers. The ecosystem allows users to search and book healthcare professionals anytime and anywhere, and integrates seamlessly with navigation (Google Map, Waze), transport (Grab, Uber, AirAsia), accommodation (Agoda and Airbnb) and recommended restaurants & attractions (TripAdvisor) for a hassle-free and enjoyable experience to healthcare appointments. In addition, through BookDoc Activ, its rewards users for maintaining high level of activity by partnering major retailers and service providers that offer users discounts for achieving reward tiers based on activity level.
BookDoc have recently partnered with Special Olympics Asia to monitor its athletes in this region. "We hope that through this partnership, athletes with intellectual disabilities will be able to perform at their best with more advanced monitoring and intervention programs," said Dato' Chevy Beh.
The BookDoc app can be downloaded for free from the App Store or Google Play Store. BookDoc currently has more than 80 partner merchants including Zalora, Fave (formerly known as Groupon), ShopBack, MCL Cinema Chain in Hong Kong, V Hotel in Singapore, Uniqlo, Coffee Bean, Ajisen Ramen in Hong Kong, OldTown White Coffee, Petron, Digi, and Secret Recipe. BookDoc users get to redeem rewards on a monthly basis if they achieve an average-daily-step threshold.
For more information, please contact: Ms Nurul Ain Tel: 1300-88-2362 Email: ain@bookdoc.com Related Links :http://bookdoc.com
Source: prnasia
Medical Director of Amaris B. Clinic Dr Ivan Puah Predicts 2020 Cosmetic Surgery Trend
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Linda Denise Blair  Golden Globe-díjas amerikai színésznő, aktivista.

Gyermekszínészként Az ördögűző című 1973-as horrorfilmmel vált ismertté, mellyel legjobb női mellékszereplő kategóriában Golden Globe-díjat nyert, illetve Oscarra jelölték. A szerepet az 1977-ben bemutatott Az ördögűző 2. – Az eretnek című folytatásban is megismételte. Az 1970-es évek folyamán fontosabb szerepe volt még a Roller Boogie című zenés filmdrámában.

Élete és pályafutása

Válogatott filmográfia

Film

Televízió

Díjak és jelölések

Jegyzetek

Fordítás

További információk

1959-ben született személyek
Amerikai színészek
Amerikai nők
Gyerekszínészek
Golden Globe-díjasok
Élő személyek
St. Louis-iak

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Culture ●
Music ●
People ●
Jamaica ●
Duane Stephenson: reggae's poet of the people
Duane Stephenson transforms Jamaica ghetto life into art. Nazma Muller quotes chapter and verse
By Nazma Muller | Issue 98 (July/August 2009)
Duane Stephenson, only the second artiste to produce an album from scratch at VP Records. Photograph courtesy VP Records
Some artistes make one song and it's enough to make them a star. If they never sing another song, it doesn't matter. That one tune, if it's powerful enough, and connects with listeners at gut level, will never be forgotten.
So it is with "August Town" and Duane Stephenson. The 33-year-old's story of growing up in the famous hillside community on the outskirts of Kingston (home also to Sizzla Kalonji); watching its peace shattered one day by political hatred and violence; and his own redemption from a life of crime is a searing narrative told in soaring vocals against the sweet chords of soul-reggae music.
…And then the football ground became a battlefield/and my life seemed so surreal
People were falling all around/but Jah helped me to stand my ground/Only Jah could have helped me to stand my ground…
Stephenson recalled, "One day, the place just became Iraq." The violence that erupted in Jamaica in 1980 came as a complete shock to him and the other children, who had been taught not to listen to "big people conversation". But it had been brewing for a long time.
"It's a universal story," he pointed out. "Many people will relate to it. Everywhere this has happened, the people have the same scars."
But "August Town" is only Stephenson's greeting, his opening statement. The writer of Jah Cure's mega-hit "Reflections" ("Behind These Prison Walls") has much, much more to say.
In a perfect world every man was free/No violence never dey pon TV/Every youth a go a school/De shotters dem cool/No unrest never down a TG/August Town was calm/We ah chill under the palm/A flowers alone a grow a Tambrin Farm …
TG is Tivoli Gardens, another volatile area of Kingston, where Stephenson attended high school. Tambrin Farm is one of Jamaica's prisons.
Joel and dem was back in the news/But this time we woulda change our views/Because he was seen giving a helping hand…
In "Giving a Helping Hand" Stephenson takes a radical view of "bad man" Joel, imagining the people holding back their condemnation because Joel "was seen giving a helping hand, helping his brother out". Stephenson turns the negative into a positive. He refers to the One Order gang from Spanish Town, and the Spangler Posse, then cleverly collapses Jamaica's two political parties (the People's National Party and the Jamaica Labour party) into one: There was order, no clans, no Spanglers, no gangs, just the People's National Labour Party…
He incites the masses to see the good even in the bad, and tells them, "We would have changed our views because we were all giving a helping hand…"
"I sucked at poetry," Stephenson says. But he is a poet. The notes he has jotted down over the years, since he was a teen, about what was happening around him have become anthems of the ghetto. He is the voice of angry Jamaican youths, telling their side of the story, but in the soothing tones of roots reggae.
For his magnetic voice and impressive singing, Stephenson credits choir practice as a boy and his time in the highly respected Jamaican performing arts school, the Cathy Levy Players.
His talent was so apparent to VP Records – the Jamaica-born reggae label that signed a multi-million-dollar partnership deal with Atlantic Records – that he became only its second artiste, after Tarrus Riley, to produce an album from scratch. Since the release of From August Town in October 2007, Stephenson has toured Canada, the US, Italy, Germany, England and the Caribbean.
"He is a dedicated and prolific singer, songwriter and musician," says his manager Dean Fraser, himself a world-class saxophonist who adds the magical touch of his playing to "August Town" and "Little Cottage in Negril", a love song that gives a glimpse of Stephenson's range. "I've been working with him for seven or eight years. He's a total artiste, a very respectful youth. He knows what he wants musically and he goes after it. He's an artiste of the future."
Robert Young: man of the Cloth
Frank Francis: riding Toronto's jazz trane


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Home Veterans VA Reburies "Buffalo Soldiers" in Santa Fe
VA Reburies "Buffalo Soldiers" in Santa Fe
VA Reburies "Buffalo Soldiers" in Santa Fe National Cemetery
WASHINGTON – A ceremony memorializing 64 soldiers and their family members who protected southwestern New Mexico from Apache attacks in the mid-1800s was held July 28 by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Interior. The remains of the Fort Craig residents originally buried at the fort's cemetery and disinterred by the Interior Department in 2007 were recently reburied with full military honors at VA's Santa Fe National Cemetery.
"This ceremony marks a fitting final resting place for these courageous people," Secretary of Veterans Affairs Eric K. Shinseki said. "After more than 100 years, they are finally recognized with the honors earned for their honorable service to their country."
The ceremony included a color guard, playing of Taps and a 21-gun salute by the New Mexico National Guard. Officials of VA and Interior were principal speakers.
Fort Craig, built in 1854, played a major role in the Civil War and Indian Wars. Located on the west side of the Rio Grande River, approximately 40 miles south of Socorro, N.M., it was permanently abandoned in 1885.
After an investigation by Interior's Bureau of Reclamation revealed looting of the unmarked graves at Fort Craig's cemetery, the Bureau worked with VA's National Cemetery Administration to move them to Santa Fe National Cemetery.
Through analysis and military records, archaeologists identified three of the soldiers as Private David Ford, Private Levi Morris and Private Thomas Smith. These men were "Buffalo Soldiers," members of units established by Congress as the first peacetime all-black regiments in the regular U.S. Army. They were buried in separate graves marked with individual headstones.
The remains of the 61 unidentifiable people were buried as a group in Santa Fe National Cemetery in June, and the site was marked with a historical monument.
Veterans with a discharge issued under conditions other than dishonorable, their spouses and eligible dependent children can be buried in a VA national cemetery. Other burial benefits available for all eligible Veterans, regardless of whether they are buried in a national cemetery or a private cemetery, include a burial flag, a Presidential Memorial Certificate and a government headstone or marker. Families of eligible decedents may also order a memorial headstone or marker when remains are not available for interment.
In the midst of the largest expansion since the Civil War, VA operates 130 national cemeteries in 39 states and Puerto Rico and 33 soldiers' lots and monument sites. More than 3 million Americans, including Veterans of every war and conflict, are buried in VA's national cemeteries on nearly 18,000 acres of land.
For information on the Santa Fe National Cemetery, call the cemetery office at (505) 988-6400.
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Discover one of the most versatile 3-season travel companions that will protect you on any adventure, for both men and women.
Sharing the love of motorcycling is a tremendous reward for many riders, but exposure to harsh elements can ruin even the best of rides. From hot to cold, from arid deserts to torrential downpour, REV'IT! gear has the versatility to handle it all - for men and women alike. And the Tornado 2 outfit is amongst the best of them.
Few environments on Earth can be as punishing as its deserts. With the unforgiving sun scorching the sand and everything on it, all who wander into its depths must come prepared. We join #revitriders Steve and Amelia Kamrad as they tackle Utah's Moab desert and its elements together and reap the rewards.
Entering the desert means riders need to be ready for whatever it sends their way. Amelia and Steve both knew this riding into Moab, so they brought the ideal REV'IT! offering in hot-weather versatility: our Men's and Ladies' Tornado 2 outfits.
Having a jacket with massive, open-weave mesh panels that allow for maximum airflow in warmer temperatures is just the type of weapon that riders need to battle the unrelenting desert heat. That said, we make sure you're safeguarded at the same time, in case the unexpected happens. A PWR|shell outer shell offers the toughness and resiliency found in our premium garments, and brings it to the three-season touring outfit.
As many would agree, versatility is key when adventuring. Temperatures plummet when the sun goes down, calling for additional warmth. Then there are the sudden rains that can drench you in the blink of an eye. Flash floods or inopportune water crossings can soak from below. The Tornado 2 outfits were designed with this flexibility in mind, with a modular two-in-one thermal liner and a detachable hydratex®|G-liner. Thankfully, when the wrath of Mother Nature is cast upon you, zip in the removable parts. Don't need them? They can easily be stowed away.
Built into both our Men's and Ladies' Tornado 2 outfits are our award-winning CE-level 2 SEEFLEX™ protectors - not only constructed to resist the highest impacts, but also tested at various temperature ranges. The open structure pattern of the SEEFLEX™ armor enables air to flow through them, dissuading heat build up when riding.
Riding is akin to a multi-part orchestra, and the rider is the conductor. But the music can only be made if you can concentrate on the ride, and the rider is secure in their safety.
If riding is music, then a bike's controls are the motorcyclist's instrument. The tactile interface is key, and a rider's gloves and boots are critical to not only comfort and security, but to responsiveness on the bike.
The majority of the controls are in the rider's hands, and up to the task is the new Dirt 3 Gloves - our latest iteration of a REV'IT! tried and true product. Through the evolution of this rider favorite, we've honed what has become a staple of both Adventure and Touring riders across the globe.
Also up to the job is our line of Adventure boots, like the Gravel H2O and Quest H2O Ladies. For male and female riders alike, these boots are tuned into the fit motorcyclists need for ultimate responsiveness on the controls and optimum chassis feedback.
When venturing into remote desert environments, there is no room for error. REV'IT! believes that female riders everywhere shouldn't have to make any concessions when it comes to performance, safety, and most importantly, fit.
"Part of why I love having REV'IT! apparel on my adventures is that I get 100% of the quality, waterproofing and armor found in Steve's ADV gear, yet executed in a really thoughtful design. A proper woman's fit really makes my riding experiences better," says Amelia.
The Tornado 2 Ladies suit has been specifically engineered for female riders. Furthermore, the women's-specific Quest H2O Ladies boots have all the requirements needed when venturing off the beaten path to keep feet safe and comfortable. Couple it with proper hand protection – in this case, the Sand 3 Ladies gloves – and zero compromises are made. REV'IT! has female adventurers covered.
When big adventure bike riders of Steve's caliber are pushing the limits of the terrain and their bike, the ventilation performance of the Tornado 2 outfit's massive mesh panels, coupled with the CE-level 2 SEEFLEX™ armor found throughout, allow a motorcyclist to ride at their best level.
Paired with refinement of the latest Dirt 3 gloves, plus the weather-resistance and ruggedness of the Gravel H2O boots, this REV'IT! combination allows for unmatched motorcycle-to-pilot connectedness and rider confidence.
Read more stories about #revitriders Steve and Amelia Kamrad.
The Pine Barrens 500 Adventure Ride has gained infamy in the northeastern U.S. among riders as being one of the most challenging, yet rewarding weekends in local adventure motorcycling. #Revitrider and "Big Bike Enduro" specialist, Steve Kamrad, answers the adventure community's FAQs regarding the event.
At its impressive 15th showing, the KTM Adventure Rider Rally comes to Park City, Utah for the first time. Here are the essential Ws for the biggest mark on any US orange adventure rider's calendar.
We're adding a few great styles to an already extensive collection of motorcycle gear. Our range consists of entry-level basics for occasional riders to high-tech offerings for heavy users.


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What is the History of Logging Protests in British Columbia?
December 22, 2021 January 11, 2022 26 minute readby David Brownstein
Editor's Note: This is the first of two posts in which freelance researcher David Brownstein responds to the ongoing Fairy Creek protests by reflecting on the long history of logging protests in B.C. Part two will run on January 14, 2022.
With BC logging protests and an old-growth logging moratorium much in the news, this is an ideal time to survey the surprisingly long history of such conflicts. No matter your stance on these issues, we can all benefit from understanding how past choices constrain present action (and how present choices will similarly constrain the choices of future generations). My hope is that familiarity with this history might inform current forest-policy debates.
I begin with a recent, infamous photo, before sharing context and analysis for six early logging controversies (1899-1944). Four of these cases are published here today, with another two cases plus historical/contemporary comparison and conclusions to appear on the NiCHE blog in January, 2022.
Figure 1. Lorna Beecroft's viral image. Reproduced by permission of Lorna Beecroft.
Lorna Beecroft's photo is a perfect juxtaposition. Coastal mega-flora on a truck, and spaghetti-sized second-growth obscuring the left horizon. Back on May 25th, Beecroft was driving on the Nanaimo Parkway, doing a 9am grocery run. She couldn't believe what she saw. "How old is this tree, and how did it end up on this truck?" She thought it so remarkable, given the context of the ongoing old-growth Fairy Creek watershed protests, that she captured a photo for social media.
At the time, nobody knew the log's story and an accusatory search was on. Who felled this giant tree? Who was to blame?! The online anger was immediate. "Barbaric" was a common theme, and those pronouncing anger were seemingly united in a rejection of the future, now present, so carefully planned for us by our predecessors.
The last century of forest management is now coming under the same scrutiny as other elements of colonization and past province-building. There is already a small library on evolving logging technologies, including logs on trucks.1 Here, I'd like to focus on the other half of Beecroft's photo, the invisible propellant that fuelled her viral image's internet travels. Despite many scattered mentions in the forest-history literature, nobody has yet synthesized a comprehensive account of BC logging protests.2 Yet twentieth-century feats of logging engineering were parallelled by a range of controversies. Beecroft's photo and the conversation surrounding the current old-growth protests represent a continuity of long disagreements.
What unites most past controversies is that both the federal and provincial Crown allocated logging rights before contemplation of other important values. The advance sale earned public revenue, but it also made those rights expensive to re-acquire when the public decided that those rights were more valuable unexercised, or, as is increasingly understood, if Indigenous land title was not the Crown's to sell. The federal and provincial governments retained control of the land base as Crown lands; however, they sold or leased the rights to the trees on that land in such a way that those rights became semi-permanent. This happened for good reasons–-investors sought certainty to inform long-term decisions. However, with the passage of time these semi-permanent, now transferable logging rights also became more valuable (a trend anticipated as early as 1910). Logging rights were transformed into an asset. Therefore, when the public subsequently contested some sales via anti-logging protests, a heavy financial burden emerged. The government was obliged to compensate private capital for its lost asset value, a burden ultimately borne by taxpayers.
And, perhaps most importantly, extinguishing existing logging rights has always been terribly expensive, a cost ultimately born by provincial taxpayers.
Lorna Beecroft's viral photo is but a recent statement in this longstanding conversation. Through a study of six cases we can identify several other enduring themes that connect past logging controversies to those of the present. Historical actors, as now, feared that future generations would never see old growth trees. The fate of old growth, then as now, was an emotionally fraught topic, which polarized communities and sometimes devolved into violence. The press was consistently used to advance claims and inform policy debates, by both British Columbians and outsiders, who were equally passionate about forest policy. And, perhaps most importantly, extinguishing existing logging rights has always been terribly expensive, a cost ultimately born by provincial taxpayers.
1) Deadman's Island Protest, Vancouver, 1899-1917
Figure 2. Mr. H.F. Hill and Mrs. Lillian Hill (nee Hacking) cycling on Deadman's Island [pre-logging]. R.H. Trueman and Company, 1898. Source: City of Vancouver Archives, AM54-S4-: St Pk P317.
The Deadman's Island logging controversy predates the truck era. Deadman's Island is also the only one of our six cases in which the controversy unfolded on the actual site of the intended logging. As such, it is the only case to boast a physical "protest." This episode quickly arose when government, without broad public support, granted a company permission to remove trees.3
Deadman's Island, just adjacent to the current Stanley Park, was previously known to the Squamish as skwtsa7s, and used for Indigenous tree-burial.4 Settlers, too, used the island as a cemetery until 1887, and later as a quarantine site for disease victims. In an 1863 survey, the island was included as part of a colonial military reserve, and thus, after B.C. joined Confederation in 1871, Deadman's Island was subsequently claimed under federal government jurisdiction. Despite this assertion, both the Vancouver Parks Board and locals who lived in the adjacent, wealthy West End viewed the island as part of the city park. Thus the stage was set for significant conflict when, in 1899, the federal Minister of Militia and Defence leased the island to Ontario-born industrialist Theodore Ludgate, with an allowance to clear the trees and build a sawmill.5
The next 13 years saw what I would like to call the start-and-stop "lurch-logging" characteristic of several B.C. protests involving trees. By this, I mean that within an atmosphere of high drama, the courts were used to push contradictory agendas to allow, or disallow, logging. As we shall see in later cases, sometimes the mere threat of logging was used as a strategy to force a resolution, with tree-cutting not necessarily being the actual goal.
As we shall see in later cases, sometimes the mere threat of logging was used as a strategy to force a resolution, with tree-cutting not necessarily being the actual goal.
In the Deadman's Island case, on the one hand, there was an out-of-town businessman, supported by a throng of workers who lived on Vancouver's east side, keen for the wealth that mill jobs would bring. On the other, there was a collection of rich and powerful urbanites who wanted to retain the beauty of treed surroundings for recreation and leisure. A glance at Figure 2, above, gives quick insight into what they sought to protect and retain.
At different points in the Deadman's Island conflict, and despite internal disagreement at each level, all three governments (municipal, provincial and federal) claimed authority over the island, and thus deemed themselves the ultimate arbiter of appropriate land use, including logging's permissibility. Indeed, with a high drama show of force, the municipality prevented Ludgate's attempted logging on 24 April, 1899.6 The province cooperated with the municipality to frustrate a second logging attempt on May 15th.7
During this latter episode, there was a charged physical confrontation between police and intended loggers reminiscent of what we see at Fairy Creek (though in this historical case, roles were reversed, with the provincial state opposed to tree-felling). For Ludgate's attempts to direct his men to log, he was wrestled to the ground by three police officers:
…Mr Ludgate struggled to free himself and that made the officers only tighten their holds. They struggled more fiercely, and as all three are heavily built men, the exhibition was one that would create a sensation in any arena. Gradually Mr Ludgate was pushed backwards to the ground and the handcuffs put in place. He still struggled and resisted, but when the Riot act was read a few moments later, Mr Ludgate submitted and walked unaided to the carriage. During the enactment of these operations there was almost perfect silence on the part of the men. Magistrate Anderson read the Riot act to them twice and told them plainly the consequences of any further action on their part … a little over three hours work had made quite a hole in the trees…8
Figure 3. "The Gallant Defenders of Deadman's Island," 1909. City of Vancouver Archives CVA 480-211.
The next years saw back and forth court battles, episodes of tree-felling, as well as additional 1909 physical altercations, including sticks, clubs, drawn guns and jail-time, culminating in the island being cleared of both trees and squatters. Figure 3 captures some of these tensions in heroic form, with police being "The Gallant Defenders" of the island's trees. In the end, few were satisfied. Ludgate died at Camp Borden, Ontario on February 10, 1917, without ever having built his mill. The workers in the city's East never realized their dreams of well-compensated mill jobs, while residents of Vancouver's tony West End were disappointed to have lost the Island's trees. The island was officially returned to municipal control in 1929, but Depression-era lack-of-funds prevented the city from redeveloping the Island back into a park. In the Second World War, the Island was returned to military control, becoming the HMCS Discovery naval station, a training base. With comparatively few trees, it has remained such ever since.
2) Green Timbers, Surrey, 1912-27
The Lower Mainland hosted logging for the international market since the 1860s. By the 1910s, however, the end of the local big-trees was in sight. The trees at Green Timbers represented some of the last of that local, accessible old-growth.
Green Timbers was located away from the waterways that hosted most Indigenous pre-contact settlements, with no known permanent settlements in what is today north Surrey. However, the broader area saw intersections in traditional territories of the Kwantlen, Katzie, Tsawwassen and WSANEC First Nations. Notably, the Kwantlen had established Kitkait, on the south side of the Fraser River, six kilometres from the heart of the Green Timbers Forest.9 After contact, Green Timbers was also part of the federally managed "Railway Belt," located on either side of the Canadian Pacific Railway. As we shall see in this case, federal, rather than provincial, management gave loggers an advantage when negotiating with tourism boosters bent on keeping the trees standing. In common with the previous Deadman's Island conflict, these federally managed trees would also be logged.
Figure 4. Highway Monarch Felled. "This splendid tree–last of the giants of the "Green Timbers" on the Pacific Highway–was toppled down Thursday afternoon to become lumber. It is estimated that it was 200 years old. The little tree at the left of the highway is a shade tree planted two years ago by the Kiwanis Club Vancouver." Province, 29 Aug 1930, p 34.
In 1912, The Vancouver Board of Trade proposed a park on the Pacific Highway in Surrey, with the Surrey Board of Trade echoing the call a year later. In time they would be joined by the Good Roads League of British Columbia. All three booster organizations realized that Green Timbers was the last remaining stand of old-growth in the lower Fraser Valley. It was attracting increasing numbers of visitors –- visitors with potential money to spend.10
This case pitted prominent officials against local loggers. Some of the officials lived in Surrey but most were from elsewhere in the Lower Mainland. By 1920, these boosters' approach was to turn this forest (and the subject of a below case, the Cameron Lake timber, aka Cathedral Grove) into a First World War memorial for fallen soldiers. This preservation strategy, while interesting, was not successful. As the controversy dragged on, in 1923 international foresters visiting with the British Empire Forestry conference joined the fray, and they were also opposed to logging Green Timbers. Delegates from both the UK and South Africa were horrified by the thought that trees that had taken more than two hundred years to grow, now on either side of the Vancouver-San Francisco highway, might be logged. They felt the trees were an asset not only to British Columbia, but to the world.11 In this regard, the Green Timbers controversy differs from those that rage today. Opposition to this historical logging was not necessarily widespread across the public. Rather, a small group of people saw an imminent future in which the trees' scarcity would increase their value. Their concern was not necessarily shared.
This second case introduced a new mechanism to defuse future logging conflicts: cash payments to extinguish logging rights, as well as land swap for rights elsewhere. In 1922, Bruce M. Farris, co-owner of the logging rights, had offered to sell the lease back to the federal government, but the $350,000 asking price was thought exorbitant. Despite mounting pressure from both select locals and prominent visitors, the province argued that Green Timbers' logging (or not) was a matter for the federal government.12
In his fine thesis, Sandquist details frantic behind-the-scenes negotiations brokered by noteworthy, highly-placed individuals to prevent logging at Green Timbers. The negotiations' many twists must have felt like an amusement-park ride, though they exceed what might be communicated in an already too-long blog entry. Ultimately, leaseholder M.B. King demanded $250,000 in cash, in addition to an exchange representing cutting rights to 250 million feet of timber elsewhere. At a time during which the federal government was navigating the King-Byng constitutional crisis, with little attention to spare for a local dispute, the logger's terms exceeded what the federal government was willing to pay. This case differed from that of Deadman's Island in that here, the federal crown supported the trees' protection. However, the price of doing so was simply too high. The passionate professors and bureaucrats had been unsuccessful in capturing the public imagination –- the trees were felled, beginning on May 8, 1927. The last tree came down at noon on 28 August 1930, in front of a ceremonial gathering of provincial forestry officials.13
There was an expression of sadness among the small knot of visitors who witnessed the sawing odf [sic] the last of these stately and massive timbers which formed one of the noted tourist attractions on the North American continent.14
Figure 5. Last of 'Green Timbers'. Shaded by the last forest giant of the "Green Timbers" towering 200 feet above them, a small group of fallers and officials posed for this historic photo before conducting last rites for the 200-year-old monarch which toppled at 1:50p.m. Thursday. Edward Walmsley, crown timber agent, holding on his shoulder a double-bitted axe, is flanked on his right by J. Bannerman, Dominion lands inspector for Western Canada, and on his left by Graham King, representing M.B. King Company interests. Next to King is M. Worthing, fire ranger, then L.B. Briggs, sturdy 70-year-old veteran sawyer, standing with arms folded. The latter felled the first tree and fittingly officiated Thursday. Source: The Vancouver Sun, 29 August 1930, p 1.
Soon after, and of little comfort to the "protestors" in this case, the logged lands would become the site of an extensive provincial forest nursery, growing seedlings to reforest logged lands elsewhere. Green Timbers would have an equal impact, however, as a powerful name, frequently invoked by those opposed to logging as a cautionary tale in subsequent disputes.
3) Seymour and Capilano Watersheds, West Vancouver, 1923-1933
Vancouver's North shore is another instance in which the government disbursed timber rights in advance of contemplating the wider public interests. This time, however, the focus of the protest was different. Rather than recreation or tourism, the compelling issue was human health.
Home of the Squamish, Musqueam and Tsleil-Waututh peoples, the Capilano River became a source of drinking water for Vancouver in 1889. While municipal governments owned the pipes, they did not acquire control of the broader Capilano and Seymour watersheds. Furthermore, they could not afford to buy that control, because the province had previously sold a range of rights to competing land-users such as homesteaders, miners and timber companies. Alienation of these rights gave rise to a conflict between logging and public health, or what might be recognized today as ecosystem services.
The Greater Vancouver Water Board was concerned that the loggers would introduce disease into the streams destined for Vancouver taps. Near the end of the First World War, provincial officials drew up regulations under BC's Health Act, which applied to anyone travelling through the watersheds. People were required to carry documentation that their vaccinations were current, and that their blood had been tested to ensure that they were not carriers of typhoid fever, diphtheria, or venereal disease.15
Through the mid-1920s, there was a fierce local debate as to whether logging was compatible with the provision of drinking water. The provincial government used logging royalties to pay for public services. Understandably, the province was keen to continue logging. The Water Commissioner, and local groups such as the Vancouver Natural History Society, wanted the logging to stop. To complicate matters, yet others wanted to use the logging railroads as the basis for a renewed route through the mountains to Squamish and beyond.16
Figure 6: "Felling Tree [D.L 606 3/26/20]." Leonard Frank Photo. Capilano Timber Company Fonds, UBC Rare Books and Special Collections BC-1456-33-021.
In anticipation of a 16 June 1923 municipal plebiscite to decide whether taxpayers would approve the expenditure to acquire the logging leases on Burrard Inlet's north shore, University of British Columbia botany professor John Davidson "made a study of the effect of timber removal on [drinking] water supply." He thought that the slopes of the Seymour Valley should not be logged, and as a further reason for preserving the forest, Davidson felt the threat of fire in the logged waste was too great.17 The bylaw passed, but it did not meet the required three-fifths majority to spend $350,000 to secure the privately-owned timber rights. Nine out of 12 districts had voted in favour, prompting lease-holder W.F. Bickel to observe that given such widespread support, he would not move to log the trees until the money bylaw, based on his offer, had been disposed of by the ratepayers.18
On 1 October 1924, Davidson delivered an annual Presidential address before the 300-member Natural History Society entitled, "The Handwriting on the Wall or Wake Up! Vancouver (an address on the conservation of plant life)." One-thousand copies of the speech were printed and circulated to incredible effect, eliciting a loud response from both public (opposed to logging) and the provincial government (in favour). This whipping up of negative public sentiment was little different from the methods used today, with the only element to distinguish one strategy from the other being form (the printed word vs social media). Vancouver editorialists tended to agree with the Natural Historians, rather than government assurances, describing B.C. forests as an asset of 'untold value' that should be 'intelligently utilized' and demanding that 'a vigorous reforestation policy should be put forward at the next session of the House at Victoria.'19
On 1 October 1924, Davidson delivered an annual Presidential address before the 300-member Natural History Society entitled, "The Handwriting on the Wall or Wake Up! Vancouver (an address on the conservation of plant life)."
Ultimately, those trees not yet logged would remain standing. In this case, the weight of public health had achieved what recreation and tourist potential had failed to accomplish for Green Timbers. Further, the natural historians' concentrated conservation efforts, bolstered by municipal bureaucrats' advocacy and pressure in the press, prompted a reluctant provincial intervention. The Greater Vancouver Water District was created by provincial legislation in 1926. By November 1933, the last log to be felled was cut from the Capilano watershed. In subsequent decades, additional controversies would arise when all human presence would be banned from the watershed lands that supplied Metro Vancouver with drinking water.20
4) Strathcona Park, Vancouver Island, 1926-1943
In another case of competing values, and reminiscent of the Green Timbers controversy, a significant section of the public found itself opposed to its own government. And here, again, the forest products economy was in opposition to tourism and recreation. Alarmed by the rate of logging on Vancouver Island, in 1905, the Victoria-based Natural History Society of British Columbia lobbied for a provincial park to preserve scenic parcels of land for future generations. They were joined by the Victoria Board of Trade (indeed, the two groups shared some common members).21 We might contrast these groups with those people who opposed the Green Timbers logging. Here were organizations that each represented a large constituency, coordinated groups of people, rather than lone individuals.
The first choice for a park was the timber on Cameron Lake, but both land, and thus logging rights, was then owned by the Victoria Lumber and Manufacturing Company, much too expensive for taxpayers to acquire. The eventual Strathcona Park, located in the traditional territories of the Mowachaht and Muchalaht people and established in 1911, was situated where it was, in part, because of its low potential for logging. Nonetheless, upon creation there were still select small-scale logging tenures within the park's boundaries. When the logging lease-holders tried to cash in, demanding money from the government or exchange for leases elsewhere, the government wrote an Act such that Strathcona Park mining and logging rights holders could retain their rights (but not necessarily exercise them).22
In subsequent years, the Victoria Chamber of Commerce lobbied the provincial government to acquire the logging leases outright, but Liberal Minister of Lands T.D. Pattullo declined, retorting that "We can't have our cake and eat it as well. We can't leave timber standing and expect to build up a lumber industry."23
The Alpine Club of Canada, Vancouver Branch, protested in 1926 that the potential logging would "defeat the whole purpose for which the park was created." The Club's argument rings familiar to contemporary ears. "…Any immediate return for the present day speculator is infinitely small compared with the economic value of the timber in its present state as an integral part of the park…" The alpinists continued that the park was a more useful tool for development in its unlogged state, because "advertising, investment and settlement… follow the trail of the tourist."24
In anticipation of the day that large timber stands would be scarce on the coast, a subsequent Conservative government did purchase some of the timber leases, in 1929, for $335,000 (or, according to the Bank of Canada's inflation calculator, $5.2 million in 2021 dollars).25 This expenditure banished most logging from inside the park, however, a decade later there was a renewed controversy along the park boundaries.
In 1941, word spread that the British American Timber Company and the Baikie Logging Company intended to log the remaining, unextinguished leases on the eastern shores of Buttle Lake.26 This eastern shore was privately-held land, being inside the Esquimalt & Nanaimo Railway belt.27 The logging operations were protested by William Reid, president of the Hancock Oil company of California, and president of Ducks Unlimited, who owned a summer home at Buttle Lake.28 Reid's cabin, on the west side of the lake and inside the park, was courtesy of a prior mining claim that he had purchased in 1935.29 Reid was joined in his opposition to the logging by conservationist and photographer Irving Brandt, Vancouver Island author Roderick Haig-Brown, as well as the newly formed BC Natural Resources Conservation League.30 This constellation of wartime influencers was as contemporary as anything promoted today on Vancouver Island, save the lack of Indigenous participants.
By the 1920s through the 1940s, it was not so difficult to imagine a time in the near future in which Vancouver Island forest riches would be in shorter supply.
Ultimately, the provincial government acquired control of five timber limits fronting the lake, representing 340 acres, via a timber exchange. The Strathcona Park controversy can be distinguished from both those today, and those historical cases already described. At issue here was logging in and around a provincial park, rather than the mere felling of "forest." The park was an area which, by definition in many minds, precluded industrial logging. The park status made it easier to make the anti-logging case.
One element that the Strathcona Park protests shared with the contemporary protests was an additional challenge faced by those with logging rights: a changed public perception of the provincial forest. By the 1920s through the 1940s, it was not so difficult to imagine a time in the near future in which Vancouver Island forest riches would be in shorter supply. In the 1930s and 40s, especially, there were genuine fears of an impending timber famine (and these fears would not be suppressed until postwar sustained yield policies were implemented).31 Within this context of 1943, The British American Timber Co was happy to accept an exchange for rights elsewhere. In the public interest, however, The Elk River Timber Co Ltd. gave up their rights with no compensation, thus establishing a generous precedent that H.R. MacMillan would follow a year later with the donation of Cathedral Grove. Not included in these Strathcona Park agreements was one tract at the extreme north end of Buttle Lake, out of which flowed the Campbell River. This area was already in an advanced state of logging operations.32 There, Reid asked friend (and former American politician) Harvey E. Harris to engage in a dialog with the Minister of Lands and Forests, Wells Gray. Gray visited the site and Harris negotiated an agreement for a 400-foot fringe of trees to be left around the logged over area.33 Further out of sight, but still inside the park, loggers also still worked old tenures in the vicinity of Oshinaw Lake, in the park's southeast, and in the Elk River Valley, in the north, and this continued untrammeled into the 1950s.34
Please return to the NiCHE blog on January 14, 2022, for part 2. In that post, we will explore another two cases, and present some analysis and concluding thoughts.
Feature Image: "The Gallant Defenders of Deadman's Island," 1909. City of Vancouver Archives CVA 480-211.
1. A good entry-point to this literature is Chapter 1 of Richard Rajala's 1998 Clearcutting the Pacific Rain Forest: Production, Science and Regulation, UBC Press, Vancouver. Richard Somerset Mackie's books, Island Timber (2000) and Mountain Timber (2009), both from Sono Nis Press, are excellent to illustrate the rail period, while a profusely illustrated account of the truck-era is the commissioned anniversary volume, D. Brownstein and J. Howes. 2018. Timber Forever! Standing Tall & Strong for 75 Years: the Truck Loggers Association, Klahanie Research Ltd, Vancouver.
2. And indeed, this partial blog post continues that "incomplete" tradition, but it is a start. The most encompassing account of twentieth-century forest policy critiques appear in Jeremy Wilson's 1987 "Forest Conservation in British Columbia, 1933-85: Reflections on a Barren Political Debate" in BC Studies, no 76, pp 3-32; also his 1998 Talk and Log: Wilderness Politics in British Columbia, 1965-96, UBC Press, Vancouver.
3. This story is well-known to students of local history. See pp 63-75 in Sean Kheraj. 2013. Inventing Stanley Park: an environmental history, UBC Press, Vancouver; Daniel Francis also begins his new book with the Deadman's Island episode. It is Becoming Vancouver: A History, Harbour Publishing, Madiera Park, 2021, p 2.
4. Readers might learn more by consulting Kathryn McKay, 2002. "RECYCLING THE SOUL: Death and the Continuity of Life in Coast Salish Burial Practices," unpublished MA thesis, Dept of History, Uvic. https://web.uvic.ca/stolo/pdf/McKay_thesis%20-%20pdf.pdf
5. "Reportorial Rounds" The Province, 3 January 1899, p 8.
6. Kheraj, p 64; also see the extensive media coverage.
7. Kheraj, p 70; and again, extensive press reports.
8. "Ludgate was handcuffed… a scene of great excitement" Vancouver Daily World 15 May 1899, p 2.
9. David J. Sandquist. 2000. "The Giant Killers: Forestry, Conservation and Recreation in the Green Timbers Forest, Surrey, British Columbia to 1930," unpublished MA thesis, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, p 17.
10. Sandquist, p 65.
12. The railway belt lands would not be returned to provincial control until 1930.
13. "Last of Green Timbers Passes" Vancouver Sun 28 Aug 1930.
14. "Last 'Green Timbers' Giant Falls: End of Logging Area Marked by Ceremony" The Vancouver Sun, 29 August 1930, p 20.
15. Logging camps were also required to provide modern laundry, bathing facilities, proper urinals, and implement the "pail system" for defecation. Spitting or blowing noses onto the ground and all other "filthy habits" were absolutely forbidden. Mark Kuhlberg, 2016. "'An Eden that is practically uninhabited by humans': Manipulating Wilderness in Managing Vancouver's Drinking Water, 1880-1930," in Urban History Review, pp 18-35.
16. Kulberg; "North Shore to get Line" in The Province, November 26, 1924, p 1.
17. David Brownstein. 2016. "Spasmodic research as executive duties permit: Space, practice and the localization of forest management expertise in British Columbia, 1912-1928″ in Journal of Historical Geography, vol 52, pp 36-47; "Pure Water For City Depends On Care Of Forests: Engineers Declare Watershed Should Not Be Denuded of Trees" The Vancouver Sun, 13 May 1923, p 26; "Mayor Says Water Safe: Declares No Necessity to Purchase Timber Lands for Conservation" The Vancouver Sun, 1 June 1923, p 1; "Ratepayers Vote Today On Bylaws" The Vancouver Sun, 16 June 1923, p 14.
18. "Offer Still Stands" The Vancouver Sun, 18 June 1923, p 12.
19. Brownstein, p 45.
20. "Loggers Will Quit Capilano: Water Board Today Ratified Important New Agreement" The Province, 4 October 1933, p 2; "Water Supply For 3,000,000″ The Vancouver Sun, 4 December 1933, p 7; "Watershed Is Public's Own" The Province, 4 December 1933, p 4.
21. Paula Young. 2011. "Creating a 'Natural Asset': British Columbia's First Park, Strathcona, 1905-1916″ BC Studies, no 170, p 19.
22. John Dwyer. 1996. "Conflict Over Wilderness: Strathcona Provincial Park, British Columbia", unpublished MA thesis, Dept of Geography, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, p 118; Young, p 33.
23. "Government Cannot Stop Desolation of Strathcona Park by Cutting of Timber" Times Colonist, 20 May, 1926, p 1; also in Wallace Baikie (with Rosmary Phillips). 1986. Strathcona: a history of British Columbia's first Provincial Park, Ptarmigan Press, Campbell River, p 90.
24. "'Hands Off Park," Is Cry. Alpine Club of Canada Protests Logging of Strathcona Area." The Province, 15 June 1926, p 1; "Power Right on Water is Challenged," Colonist, March 9, 1929, 1.
25. "B.C. pays $335,000 to Conserve Beauty of the Park," The Province, April 26, 1929, p 8.
26. Yasmeen Qureshi. 1991. "Environmental Issues in British Columbia: An Historical-Geographical Perspective, unpublished MA thesis, Dept of Geography, UBC, p 96.
27. Catherine Marie Gilbert. 2021. A journey back to nature: a history of Strathcona Provincial Park, Heritage House Publishing, Victoria, p 96.
28. "Chief Forester to Investigate: Hart Acts to Save Buttle Lake Timber" Victoria Daily Times, 1 Aug, 1942, p 1; "Land Minister Hurries to Save Scenic Timber," Times, Aug. 5, 1942, p 1; Arn Keeling and Graeme Wynn. 2011. "'The Park is a Mess': Development and Degradation in British Columbia's First Provincial Park" BC Studies, no 170, p 126.
29. Gilbert, p 88.
30. "Timber cutting at park gateway brings protests", Times, July 13, 1942, p 1; "Cabinet Action to Save Stately Trees," Times, Aug. 14, 1942, p 1 .
31. Wilson, 1987, p4.
32. "Tracts Exchanged: Buttle Lake Timber Saved" The Province, 27 May 1943, p 24.
34. Keeling and Wynn, p 126.
David Brownstein
David Brownstein is the Principal of Klahanie Research Ltd (www.klahanieresearch.ca). He is also a longstanding UBC sessional instructor, and the continuing co-ordinator of NiCHE's "The Canadian Forest-History Preservation Project" (still facilitating archival donations after 11 years).
Latest posts by David Brownstein (see all)
What is the History of Logging Protests in British Columbia? Part Two - January 14, 2022
What is the History of Logging Protests in British Columbia? - December 22, 2021
Archival Donation: Western Forest Products - July 26, 2016
In Celebration of International Day of Forests: A Forest History Archival Donation Guide - March 21, 2015
The Cloud Will Not Remember Everything Forever: Some Thoughts Prompted by Another Forest History Archival Donation - October 6, 2014
History mysteries at the Association of BC Forest Professionals Meeting - August 11, 2014
June is Forest History Month: Special issue of the Forestry Chronicle. - June 6, 2014
Archival donation: the Dr Hubert William Ferdinand Bunce fonds. - May 26, 2014
Adventures along the archival commodity chain: the Truck Loggers Convention. - May 2, 2014
A rare event: forest history on the sports pages. - March 30, 2014
Tags: British Columbia, BrownsteinLoggingProtests, Canadian History, environmental activism, Environmental History, environmentalism, forest history, forestry, Logging, Protests, Provincial Parks / Category: The Otter
Assistant Professor, Environmental History/Climate Justice: University of the Fraser Valley
January 17, 2022 January 17, 2022 2 minute readby NiCHE Administrators
What is the History of Logging Protests in British Columbia? Part Two
January 14, 2022 January 13, 2022 16 minute readby David Brownstein
Roger Dunlop	 4 weeks ago	 /Reply
Great pieces of history of forest gluttony in bc. Looking forward to next part!


There's nothing quite like cheering on your team in the comfort of your own home. When the season rolls around, put up the LSU Tigers Home Sweet Home Wood Sign and show your +team pride. Make your home inviting when friends and family come over for the big game!


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text:
module Azure::Kusto::Mgmt::V2019_11_09
  module Models
    #
    # Defines values for DefaultPrincipalsModificationKind
    #
    module DefaultPrincipalsModificationKind
      Union = "Union"
      Replace = "Replace"
      None = "None"
    end
  end
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Mrs. Ada Katherine Hawbaker Pittman, 58, of R. R. 1, died unexpectedly at her home Tuesday morning at 6:30 o'clock.
Born September 9, 1895, on R. R. 2, Mrs. Pittman was the daughter of the late Samuel M. and Nettie Shipp Hawbaker. She was a member of the Holy Mount Corner Mission Church, R. R. 1.
Surviving in addition to her husband, Russell R. Pittman, R. R. 1, are four sons and three daughters, Benjamin M. Pittman, R. R. 2; Samuel M., R. R. 1; Paul, of Big Pool, Md., R. R. 1; Mrs. Charles Funk, R. R. 1; Mrs. Charles Daley, Chambersburg; Cecil, of R. R. 1 and Mrs. kenneth Harnish, Clearspring, Md., R. R. 2; 39 grandchildren; seven great-grandchildren; eight brothers and two sisters, Claude Hawbaker, California; Emmert, of R. R. 1; Samuel, John, and Fred, all of R. R. 2; Mrs. George Pittman, Greencastle, R. R. 3; George and Ralph Hawbaker and Mrs. Hazel Myers, all of R. R. 2, and Charles of Greencastle.
Funeral services will be held Friday afternoon at 1:30 o'clock at the Holy Mount Corner Mission Church with the Rev. Cyril Fowler officiating. Burial will be made in the Pine Grove Cemetery, R. R. 1.


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Pellegrini also dismissed claims he is angry about his team selection being leaked early, with his focus instead on the team picking up points.
"I am anxious about finding a team to play well and win the game".
'So many players can talk with others and I am not keeping the starting XI three or four hours before the game.
He said: "In every team I have managed, I work on set pieces the day before a match so all of the players know who will play and who won't. You've got David Beckham's team coming into Miami and Nashville as well, so if it came up, I would have a real interest".
West Ham have endured a nightmare start to the season at senior level by losing their opening four Premier League games, but there may be room to smile when they look at the Under-23s side.
Pellegrini, who confirmed that Jack Wilshere would be unavailable after suffering a sprained ankle in training, does not believe that knowing the team helps his opponents. "If you're going to play against Chelsea, Watford or Liverpool, you are sure it will be the same starting XI as they played the last game and they play exactly the same way".
"It's not the first time I've had bad results". I don't hide too much about the starting XI'. After that with Málaga when I arrived in the first season, the team was in the relegation zone. The new project was very good and we will see what happens in the future. "I am more confident than ever".


text:
Home Entertainment Miguel Re-Lits "Simple Things" with Chris Brown and Future (Remix)
Miguel Re-Lits "Simple Things" with Chris Brown and Future (Remix)
by Ashlee Nicole October 9, 2015
written by Ashlee Nicole October 9, 2015
We know these things as remixes, but Miguel and Producer Brooke Dleau have labeled this track a "re-lit." Miguel re-lits "Simple Things" with the help of Chris Brown and Future. The smooth track is off of his latest album, Wildheart (Deluxe Edition).
Wildheart (Deluxe Edition) is still available on iTunes.
Rihanna Reveals New Album Cover Art + Title
Master P Calls Kobe Bryant Phony for Reaching Out to Lamar Odom


text:
Ronda Rousey's Greatest Victory Is Actually Outside The Octagon
By Adam Silvers
This past Saturday night, at UFC 190 in Brazil, Ronda Rousey defeated Bethe Correia in the blink of an eye.
Well, 34 seconds to be exact, but you get the picture. In fact, everyone gets the picture.
Since joining the mixed martial arts circuit in 2010, Rousey has taken the UFC by storm.
In 2012, she defeated Miesha Tate in four minutes and 27 seconds to become the Strikeforce Women's Bantamweight Champion.
Now, at 28, Rousey is the only female bantamweight champion in the UFC with a perfect 12-0 record.
And, not only is Rousey arguably "the best fighter in the whole world," but she's also one of the most marketable personalities outside the octagon.
In any given fight, Ronda Rousey has to defeat just one opponent.
In order to get the best appearances and endorsements outside of UFC, Rousey has to fend off fellow athletes as well as hold the torch as an inspiration and role model for women everywhere.
Here's why Ronda Rousey's domination outside of MMA is just as impressive as her perfection within.
In 2012, Ronda Rousey was featured on the cover of ESPN The Magazine's Body Issue.
A year later, she mixed it up with Maxim.
Billy Burgett Jr. on YouTube
She also did her thing for Sport Illustrated's Swimsuit issue.
Now, Rousey's got endorsement deals with the likes of Reebok and Monster.
As well as metroPCS and BUFFALO David Bitton.
Buffalo David Bitton on YouTube
The Cali native is also making major big screen moves, like killing it in "Expendables 3."
And kicking Turtle's ass in the "Entourage" movie.
Don't forget about Rousey mixing it up with Michelle Rodriguez in "Furious 7."
And scaring the crap out of the folks at "Good Day LA."
Last month, she sonned Floyd Mayweather after winning the ESPY for best fighter.
Teaming up with The Rock at WrestleMania in San Fransisco? Check.
Ronda demonstrated her devastating armbar on Jimmy Fallon.
And told Jimmy Kimmel about the time she beat up two dudes at a movie theatre after watching "Juno."
But it was all love when the champ chatted it up with Conan O'Brien.
Team Coco on YouTube
When you've got Shaq and Sly Stallone saying you're the greatest...
Rhonda rousey is a beast Daaaaaaaaaam — SHAQ (@SHAQ) August 2, 2015
Ronda Rousey is the Greatest Champion of this era! Keep Punching CHAMP! — Sylvester Stallone (@TheSlyStallone) August 2, 2015
You know you're so much more than just a UFC champion.


Remember Lily? Lily was the cat from the Wacol RSPCA, who I was helping to find a home for.
Well, good news, minions. The RSPCA just emailed me to tell me that Lily now has a forever family, and she is a very happy cat. Thank you all for helping share her information.
Now, doesn't she look adorable? Wouldn't your home be better off with a bit more cat hair?
Are you interested in meeting Bella? You can find the link above. Tell them Mr Bumpy sent you.
who love me very much.
Did you hear that Valentine's Day is coming up soon?
It's a day to give presents to someone you love.
Well, I know that means all you minions out there are falling over each other to send me presents.
Can I give you my list of favourites?
If you're close by you could stop over and give me brushies. I only like being stroked when I'm in the mood for it, but brushies, I'm in the mood for all the time.
If you're in another part of Australia, you could give me Temptations, or stinky fish, or cream.
If you're overseas, please don't send me food for presents. The nasty people at Customs will only eat them. (That's what happened to one of my presents from Switzerland.) So jingle balls, or other cat toys will have to be what you send me.
If you're a dog who happens to live in my house, what you could give me that I would really love, would be to go back to the shelter you came from.
If you're a human who happens to live in my home, just follow your training, and give me everything I feel like, as soon as I feel like it.
So what am I giving you?
Well, for my on-line minions, I give you the opportunity to see pictures of me, read about my adventures, and generally adore me.
For the humans who live in my house, I give you lots of my hair over your clothes, beds, towels, couches, absolutely everywhere. All humans need cat hair, and lots of it. After all, you don't grow enough hair to insulate your own bodies. Oh, and, of course, I give you plenty of opportunities to serve me and adore me.
(very romantic) Supreme Feline Overlord.
Lovely Lilly is looking for love.
I have decided to be an RSPCA buddy.
What buddies do is to help find a home for a homeless RSPCA animal.
I haven't personally met Lilly (or her best friend Raindrop), but I think all cats deserve homes where they are loved, and have servants, I mean humans, who give them food and clean their litter and all the other things cats need.
If you think you can love Lilly, the green link will take you to RSPCA Brisbane where you can find all the details on how to adopt her. Tell them her buddy Mr Bumpy sent you.
Now, would you like to be an RSPCA buddy too? Help a homeless animal to find a loving home? You can check out the Buddy Challenge here. They're looking for 21000 buddies to help animals find new homes.


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text:
Q: Qual é a melhor forma de sair de uma aplicação em C#? A forma mais comum é sair com um return no Main(). Mas eu vi que existem o Environment.Exit() e o Application.Exit().
Quando devemos usar cada um?

A: A melhor forma é o return no Main(). É o menos traumático.
Mas se tiver algum motivo para sair antes o Environment.Exit() pode ser usado em qualquer ponto da aplicação sem maiores problemas. Note que isso pode pular alguma finalização desejada que só ocorreria se saísse no Main(), mas aí é algo específico da sua aplicação e ocorre em raros casos (veja documentação). Então se pretende fazer sair fora do Main(), seja com um exit explícito ou por uma exceção, o ideal é que não tenha dependências para sair ou que o que precise ser feito seja sempre chamado antes de uma saída fora do Main(). Em geral deve criar uma função que deve ser chamada antes de sair para executar o que precisa ser sempre executado antes da saída. Só cuidado para não gerar erros nesse ponto.
Deve-se evitar sair por exceção, mas se for erro de programação a única coisa a se fazer é encerrar a aplicação mesmo. Se deixar a exceção sem tratamento e for um erro de programação a saída será muito parecida com a saída pelo return no Main() já que a exceção provoca o stack unwinding.
O Application.Exit() faz parte do  Windows Forms, pode ver o namespace que ele está. Ele faz o mesmo que a forma anterior, porém ele faz o encerramento correto dos formulários encerrando o message loop do sistema de janelas do sistema operacional, muito provavelmente o Windows.
Seria bom dar uma olhada no Environment.FailFast() que serve para alguns casos onde a saída precisa ser imediata.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


This entry was posted in Uncategorized on December 16, 2015 by crossfitadmin.
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5 singles at 85% of 1RM C&J.
Must make 4/5 attempts successfully to increase the weight next week.
Start at 80% of 1RM Front Squat. Keep the weight constant across all sets.
Start at 60% of your 1RM Deadlift. Keep the weight constant across all sets.
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CHRISTMAS PARTY WILL BE DECEMBER 19TH@ 8PM, VANDERBILT BOSTON.
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