text:
Q: Linux LS command does not work correctly with * regular expression quantifier If I have a directory structure
~/foo/foo1
~/foo/foo2
~/foo/foo3

The output of following commands if I issue them from terminal in ~/foo:

*

*ls *foo1* returns total of 0 directories

*ls *foo* returns 3 directories foo1, foo2 and foo3

*ls returns 3 directories foo1, foo2 and foo3

*ls -d *foo1* returns foo1

*ls | grep *foo1* returns foo1

Why does command 1. ls *Foo1* does not return Foo1?

A: This has nothing to do with the shell file glob (which, btw. is something different from a regular expression), which is working as expected (see echo *foo*, echo *foo1*) and everything with the way ls handles its arguments.

*

*ls *foo1* expands to ls foo1 in your case. this DOES list the contents of the directory, which apparently is empty in your case.

*ls -d *foo1* expands to ls -d foo1 in your case. this lists the foo1 directory itself instead of its contents.

*ls *foo* lists the empty contents of all the foo* directories. this results in output of the directory names, even if they are empty. these are headers that ls creates only when more than one directory is to be listed.
Further reading:
http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/globbingref.html
http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man1/ls.1.html

A: You are really confused and you don't understand well the role of any unix shell.
Read carefully about globbing, notably glob(7). It is not related to regular expressions (explained in regex(7)). The * has very different role and meaning in shell wildcard patterns and in regular expressions. (So your mention of "regular expression" in your title is wrong).
The globbing happens in the shell, before running any program (or even any builtin command like echo). Read carefully the documentation of bash, its section on shell operation,  and the chapter on shell expansions.
The ls(1) program (that is, /bin/ls, because /bin/ is in your PATH variable) never sees any * or any wildcard file pattern in your case.
So you are typing ls *foo*. To understand what happens, type an echo in front, so type the command echo ls *foo*.  You'll get the expansion done by your shell. And the /bin/ls program is getting that expansion (at execve(2) time done inside the shell after a fork(2)).
BTW I prefer (for interactive usage) the zsh shell to bash for its nicer auto-completion abilities (and you might also try fish). I just type ls *foo* followed by the tab key, and my zsh interactive shell expands *foo* immediately and edit the command line. If I am happy with that expansion, I then just press the return key and the command line gets parsed and executed by my zsh shell. If that expansion is not what I want, zsh allows me to edit the command line.
This command expansion is not specific to ls. Any program started by the shell had its argument list obtained by shell expansions. In some occasions, you might use stat(1) instead of ls(1) (and your shell might have defined aliases, so your ls could be an alias for something else).
Because of the way shell expansion work, I advise not having space or special characters (like control characters and newlines, or even * or ?) in file names. However, you could use quoting techniques if you want to deal with file paths with strange names.
See also Yann Regis-Gianas excellent FOSDEM2018 talk on Parsing Posix [S]hell
PS. Other OSes work differently. For Windows (which I don't know and never used) it is rumored that command expansion happens inside programs (in some crt0 equivalent).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Q: Is there ever a reason to re-write an inline table-valued function as a stored procedure? I've found a very strange practice in my workplace. I'm surrounded by experts, particularly .NET experts. But for reasons unknown to me, many of their stored procedures would work perfectly fine as inline table-valued functions. They wouldn't even need refactoring. You'd just swap CREATE PROCEDURE for CREATE FUNCTION and check that it RETURNS TABLE.
This gives me my question: Given a perfectly fine inline table-valued function, is there any reason at all to make it a stored procedure instead?

A:
Given a perfectly fine inline table-valued function, is there any reason at all to make it a stored procedure instead?

Probably just familiar with stored procedures, but there are some reasons you might prefer a proc over an inline TVF.

*

*Execution plan depends only on the input parameters, and so is more stable and simpler to test.  The flexibility of TVF to be composed into larger queries is very powerful, but can cause performance issues.

*Stored procedures support arbitrary TSQL statements, so you can add logging or other side-effects, print output for debugging, materialization of intermediate results to temporary tables, etc, without changing client code.

A: A Table Valued Function cannot be run by itself, it must be contained in another query. In that respect, and in many others, it is basically a parameterized view, or a saved query.
You cannot insert, update or delete using a function. While you can actually modify through the function (similar to updatable views), the function itself cannot contain any DML, or any other side-affecting commands. It is also more difficult or impossible to specify various query hints.

Stored procedures on the other hand contain the full script of what needs to be done for a particular task. They can contain almost any command you can do from an ad-hoc batch. They therefore represent a complete Unit of Work.
They are not as composable as functions though. It is very difficult to pass data from one to the other, and they are best used a single entry-point from a client app.

Due to the afore-mentioned composable and updatable abilities of functions, it might actually be worthwhile to use both together.
For example, you could have a function that returns Products that were not sold:
CREATE OR ALTER FUNCTION Product.NotSoldProducts (@From datetime, @To datetime)
RETURNS TABLE
AS RETURN
SELECT p.*
FROM Product.Product p
WHERE NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1
    FROM Sales.Sale s
    WHERE s.ProductId = p.Id
);

You could use this in a stored procedure to get the data, but careful use of subqueries (ie no joins) also allows this to be updatable.
CREATE OR ALTER PROC Promotion.PromoteNotSoldProducts
  @From datetime,
  @To datetime,
  @UntilDate datetime,
  @Percent int
AS

SET NOCOUNT, XACT_ABORT ON;

BEGIN TRAN;

UPDATE sp
SET PromotionPercent = @Percent,
    PromotedUntil = @UntilDate
FROM Product.NotSoldProducts (@From, @To) sp;

INSERT Product.AuditLog (AuditType, Message)
SELECT p.Id, 'Promotion', CONCAT('Promoted for ', @Percent, '% until ', @UntilDate)
FROM Product.NotSoldProducts (@From, @To) sp;

COMMIT;

Note that the modifications, as well as the SET options and the transaction could not be done inside the function.


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text:
Q: regexIssueTracker not working in CruiseControl.net I am trying to get an issueUrlBuilder to work in my CruiseControl.NET config, and cannot figure out why they aren't working.
The first one I tried is this:
<cb:define name="issueTracker">
  <issueUrlBuilder type="regexIssueTracker">
    <find>^.*Issue (\d*).|\n*$</find>
    <replace>https://issuetracker/ViewIssue.aspx?ID=$1</replace>
  </issueUrlBuilder>
</cb:define>

Then, I reference it in the sourceControl block:
  <sourcecontrol type="vaultplugin">
    ...
    <issueTracker/>
  </sourcecontrol>

My checkin comments look like this:
[Issue 1234] This is a test comment

I cannot find anywhere in the build reports/logs/etc. where that issue link is converted to a link.  Is my regex wrong?
I've also tried the default issueUrlBuilder:
<cb:define name="issueTracker">
  <issueUrlBuilder type="defaultIssueTracker">
    <url>https://issuetracker/ViewIssue.aspx?ID={0}</url>
  </issueUrlBuilder>
</cb:define>

Again, same comments and no links anywhere.
Anyone have any ideas.

A: It looks like you're trying to match a potentially multiline comment by using .|\n instead of just ., which doesn't match newlines by default.  Your first problem is that | has the lowest associativity of all regex constructs, so it's dividing your whole regex into the alternatives ^.*Issue (\d*). or \n*$.  You would need to enclose the alternation in a group: (?:.|\n)*.
Another potential problem is that the lines might be separated by \r\n (carriage-return plus linefeed) instead of just \n.  If CCNET uses the .NET regex engine under the hood, that won't be a problem because the dot matches \r.  But that's not true of all flavors, and anyway, there's always a better way to match anything including newlines than (?:.|\n)*.  I suggest you try
<find>^.*Issue (\d*)(?s:.*)$</find>

or
<find>(?s)^.*Issue (\d*).*$</find>

(?s) and (?s:...) are inline modifiers which allow the dot to match line separator characters.

EDIT: It looks like this is a known bug in CCNET.  If the inline modifier doesn't work, try replacing . with [\s\S], as you would in a JavaScript regex.  Example:
<find>^.*Issue (\d*)[\s\S]*$</find>


text:
Documentation Links
Tutorial on CATH and Gene3D
A Short Introduction to CATH and Gene3D
Identifying the CATH Superfamily for a Query Structure
The HUP Superfamily
The Aldolase Superfamily
The HUP Superfamily in GENE3D
Extra work
In this practical, you will be introduced to the CATH/Gene3D websites and web servers that will help you carry out an investigation into protein structure and function.
This tutorial refers to a number of external websites. It is highly recommended that you click the link with the right-hand mouse button and select either open link in new window or open link in new tab so that you don't navigate away from this page.
There are JSmol applets embedded in this tutorial which will allow you to explore a number of different structures. Initially, they will display a simple wireframe model. Please click the grey button next to the applet with your left mouse button to display the structure as required for the tutorial. If for any reason an applet does not display correctly, please refresh your browser.
CATH is a manually-curated hierarchical classification of protein domain structures. The name CATH derives from the initials of the top four levels of the classification - (C)lass, (A)rchitecture, (T)opology and (H)omologous Superfamily.
Class refers to the secondary structure content (e.g. mainly-alpha, mainly-beta, mixed alpha/beta or 'few secondary structures').
Architecture refers to the general arrangement of the secondary structures irrespective of connectivity between them (e.g. alpha/beta sandwich).
Topology, also known as the 'fold' level, takes into account the connectivity of secondary structures in the chain.
Homologous Superfamily refers to domains that are believed to be related by a common ancestor.
Each level has a CATH code associated with it. Have a look at the following:
In this example, the CATH code is 3.40.50.620. The 3 refers to the class to which the domain belongs (mixed alpha-beta), the 3.40 refers to the architecture, the 3.40.50 refers to the actual fold (topology) the domain adopts and 3.40.50.620 is the homologous superfamily code.
Domain codes (e.g 1n3lA01) are broken up as follows: the first 4 letters/numbers make up the domain's PDB (Protein Data Bank) code, the letter after that refers to the polypeptide chain ID of the domain you are looking at and the last two numbers refer to the domain number. In the case of a protein chain having a single domain comprising the whole chain length, the domain number will be 00. Otherwise, the domains will be labelled, 01, 02 and so on.
Gene3D extends the CATH superfamilies to sequenced genomes and the major protein sequence repositories (i.e. UniProt and Ensembl) through the generation of a set of statistical models (hidden Markov models or HMMs). For each superfamily, use of the sophisticated HMM search software HMMER3, and an in-house algorithm called DomainFinder resolve potential matches into a unified multi-domain architecture (MDA). These predicted sequence domains are presented in Gene3D. Gene3D also merges in many different sources of protein function annotation, ranging from pathway data to interaction data, and presents these through a web interface with complex querying abilities.
What is the number one question people always have about their protein?
What it does! What is the function of the protein you are investigating? Sometimes, we do not know the answer to that, at least not initially. Genomic and metagenomic sequencing projects have provided us with several million protein sequences, around 40% of which will be of unknown function. This number will only increase over time, so we need to develop ways to determine the structures of these proteins and their functions, either by experimentation or by using computational techniques.
You are going to look at how the CATH database can help us in identifying the function of a particular protein structure.
The PDB structure, 4i6g, is an X-ray crystallography-solved structure for which the function has yet to be determined. However, this can be inferred by comparing the protein with other proteins of known function. You can, for example, use the CATHEDRAL server to find a structural match in CATH. The CATHEDRAL server uses a structural comparison algorithm to compare a protein of interest (otherwise known as the 'query structure') against domains already classified in the CATH database. This means you can try to identify an unknown protein by comparing it with all known structures in CATH.
The CATHEDRAL server can be found here. Please click the link. This will take you to a page that looks like this:
Please download the PDB file for 4i6g from here. Upload the PDB file in the CATHEDRAL server and select 'Submit'. The server loads the name and the constituent chains of the uploaded PDB and displays it in a page that looks like this:
Each chain of the PDB can be submitted for structural scans separately. Submit chain A of the uploaded PDB to the structural scan by clicking on 'Submit Structure' for chain A. If the servers are busy, you might find that the job takes a long time to complete - you can skip the wait and view the previously calculated results here.
A total of 528 matching structures in CATH v4.1 have been found, with scores ranging from very good (in green) through to very poor (in red).
The results are sorted by a score calculated by the weighted average of, for example, normalised RMSD, percentage overlap, sequence identity and SSAP score, with those comparisons with the highest scores at the top of the page. RMSD is a frequently used measure of the average distance between the atoms (usually the backbone atoms) of superimposed proteins. The formula can be seen here.
For proteins containing ⇐ 150 residues, a good structural match can be inferred if the RMSD is 3.5 Ångstrom (Å) or less. For larger domains, homologous proteins may have slightly larger RMSD values.
The CATHEDRAL structural scan is run against a library of S35 representatives. For each CATH superfamily, all members are clustered into groups with 35% sequence identity, i.e. a S35 group. A representative of each S35 cluster is selected by finding the domain with the most average length and the best RMSD (within that cluster).
The results suggest that chain A of PDB 4i6g consists of multiple domains as there are three distinct regions of the chain with good structural matches. Matches with very good scores (i.e. in green) are listed to domains in the superfamilies 1.10.579.10, 1.25.40.80 and 3.40.50.620 (see screenshot below).
Each domain classified in CATH has its own entry on the CATH website. To discover more about each domain in the CATHEDRAL results list (e.g. in terms of structure, sequence and function), clicking on a domain id in the list will take you to the webpage for that particular domain.
Looking at the domain pages for the first four domain matches (from the PDB 4mlp) in the CATHEDRAL results list, we can see that they do not have any functional information assigned. However, if we click on the domain 1dnpA01 (for example, here) from the HUPs superfamily (CATH code: 3.40.50.620), we find that it is assigned the Enzyme Commission (EC) number 4.1.99.3 for Deoxyribodipyrimidine photo-lyase (click here for more info on EC numbers). As this is a very good structural match, it is highly likely that our query 4i6g performs the same, or very similar, function.
If you wish to explore other structural domains within a given S35 cluster, clicking on 'Show related domains' will open up a window containing the domain list. Clicking on a given domain ID will take you to its domain page. The data in the list can also be downloaded using the 'Download' button at the bottom of the window.
Please also visit the link to PDBsum on the domain page. PDBsum is a resource that stores information about all the protein files deposited in the PDB to learn more about the structural and functional characteristics of these domains.
We are now going to look more closely at the CATH superfamily in which 1dnpA01 is classified. This is the HUP domain superfamily (CATH code 3.40.50.620), named after High-signature proteins, UspA, and PP-loop NTPases which all contain this domain (reference). This superfamily is known to be structurally and functionally diverse (reference). Here, we give a brief tour of some of the information held about this superfamily as displayed by our newly re-designed webpages before demonstrating how the CATH website can help investigate this diversity.
The CATH webpage for the HUP superfamily can be accessed here. A screenshot is shown in the figure below. There are a number of sections, which have been numbered 1 to 10.
Section 1 is a menu that you click on to navigate the site. From here you can explore the structural and functional features of the superfamily, references associated with all the protein domains within that superfamily, access to functionally annotated structural alignments, MDA, and the taxonomy browser.
A concise summary for the superfamily in the form of some useful statistics can be seen in section 9. It gives information on, for example, the number of domains, structural clusters and functional terms. For the HUP superfamily, it can be seen that there are 970 domains and that there are 112 unique EC numbers and 409 unique Gene Ontology (GO) terms associated with the superfamily (click here for more info on GO terms).
An indication of just how structurally diverse the HUP family is shown in section 6. Here, you can scroll through the smallest, largest and a representative structure (according to the number of residues) belonging to the HUP superfamily.
The box below shows a 3D structural superposition between the smallest (2pfsA01) and largest domain (1wkbA01) displayed using the program Jmol. What you see initially is a wireframe representation of the superposition, which isn't very clear for this purpose, but if you press the grey button labeled 'Click here', the two domains will be coloured differently and the wireframe representation will be replaced by a cartoon representation of the structures, making it much easier to compare them. 2pfsA01 is coloured blue. For 1wkbA01, those parts of the structure that superimpose well with 2pfsA01 are coloured red and the rest of the structure, termed structural embellishments, are coloured pink. This superposition shows considerable embellishments in the larger structure compared to 2pfsA01, indicating the structural diversity between these two relatives.
Species diversity information for this superfamily is displayed in the pie chat shown in section 4. Users can get information about the species present in the HUP superfamily via a mouseover (see picture below)
The Sequence/Structure diversity chart (Section 10) can be used to compare the sequence and structural diversity of the HUP superfamily with all of the other superfamilies in CATH. The HUP superfamily is highlighted in red and the number of sequence families and structural clusters it possesses compared to other families in CATH can be determined by mousing over the graphics representing each family. This shows that the HUP superfamily is more diverse in terms of both sequence and structure than most other families in CATH (see picture below)
Investigating the Structural and Functional diversity within the HUP Superfamily using CATH
This brings us to the next part of this tutorial in which we are going to explore the structural and functional diversity of the HUP superfamily using CATH. The structure and function of a protein are closely linked, so it is natural to assume that structural diversity is likely to result in functional diversity within a superfamily. Sections 2 and 3 on the homepage (see below) gives information on the functional diversity and lets you view the distribution of GO annotations and EC numbers associated with this superfamily. Placing your mouse over one of the pie segments gives the EC number or GO term, the name of that function and also the incidence of the functional annotation in question within the superfamily as a percentage. There are currently a total of 1159 GO annotations and 149 EC annotations for the HUP superfamily.
The HUP superfamily is known to be particularly functionally diverse. Here, we concentrate our efforts on looking at two domains 1od6A00 (EC 2.7.7.3) and 1f7uA01 (EC 6.1.1.19).
MACiE is a database maintained through a collaboration between the Thornton group at the European Bioinformatics Institute and the Mitchell Group at the University of St Andrew, and it stores enzyme reaction mechanisms. It can be searched by the Catalytic Domain CATH Code (in this case, 3.40.50.620). If you type in the CATH code in the field adjacent to the 'Search Catalytic Domain CATH code' button and then click, a page will be displayed providing all the general information held for the HUP superfamily. 12 different reaction mechanisms are recorded in MACiE for this superfamily. There are many relatives having different enzyme classification numbers at the third level (EC3) in this family, which is suggestive of changes in chemistry between some relatives within this superfamily (see figure below).
Note [2016/09/21]: the instructions in the following paragraph refer to a link in the MACiE website which currently does not work (2016/09/21). The MACiE authors have been notified and are working on the problem. If the link mentioned below continues to provide an error, the following paragraph can be safely skipped.
There is a link at the bottom of the page to an overview of all MACiE results for this superfamily labelled OVERVIEW OF ALL RESULTS which you can go through to explore the extent of the different enzyme reaction mechanisms present. It brings up a page where you can find more information on EC number distribution, CATH domain partners and information of the catalytic residues and cofactors present. Relatives in this superfamily have many different enzyme classifications at the third level (i.e. different EC3 numbers), which is suggestive of changes in chemistry throughout this superfamily (click here for more info on EC numbers).
If you then go back to the list of MACiE entries and click on the entries for our example domains (M0299, Pantothenate synthetase, EC 6.3.2.1 for 1od6A00 and M0235, Arginyl-tRNA synthetase, EC 6.1.1.19 for 1f7uA01), you can see the overall reactions for these enzymes. It can be seen that both 1od6A00 and 1f7uA01 are ligases, but they have different substrates and form different products.
It is clear from these results that the HUP superfamily is associated with a significant number of different enzyme reaction mechanisms. There are a number of possible reasons for this functional diversity. To explore how these enzymes may have evolved different functions, we can look for structural changes within the family. Here, we compare the structures of our two HUP domain examples using our in-house structural comparison algorithm called SSAP.
Whilst the CATHEDRAL algorithm you used at the beginning of the tutorial is fast and allows you to search all structures in CATH, SSAP is a slower and slightly more accurate method for comparing two protein structures.
SSAP takes two structures and calculates how similar they are in structure, residue-by-residue. Similarity is measured by the SSAP score. This score ranges from 0 to 100; a score of 100 would indicate that the two structures were effectively identical. Please click here to go to the SSAP server page. Type in 1od6A00 as Domain ID 1 and 1f7uA01 as Domain ID 2. Press 'GO'.
From this superposition we can see that the two domains are significantly different in structure. This structural divergence is also clearly highlighted by their SSAP score of 58.77 and an RMSD of 8.15Å.
The JSmol figure below shows the 3D SSAP superposition of the 2 structures 1od6A00 (light blue) and 1f7uA01 (pink). The catalytic residues for 1od6A00 and 1f7uA01 are coloured blue and red respectively.
The superposition shows that, although there is a structural core common to both structures, 1f7uA01 has some considerable structural embellishments not seen in 1od6A00. There are also noticeable shifts in the positions of the catalytic site residues.
2DSEC (reference) is an algorithm that provides a schematic representation of protein structural features. It employs a multiple structural alignment to create a summary of all the secondary structures present for each structure in the alignment. Circles represent alpha-helices and triangles a beta strand. The size of the circle or triangle is determined by the size of the secondary structure it is representing. Core secondary structure elements are represented as light pink circles and yellow triangles. Embellishments are coloured as dark pink circles and brown triangles.
The 2DSEC plot for the HUP examples 1f7uA01 and 1od6A00 is shown below:
The 2DSEC plot confirms the findings of the SSAP superposition; 1f7uA01 has some extensive structural embellishments, mainly alpha-helical regions, when compared to the smaller 1od6A00 structure.
Recruitment of different domain partners can also result in changes in protein function. There is a link to a third party application called Archschema (reference) on the main superfamily home page (see section 7 on the homepage figure). This generates dynamic plots of related Pfam multi-domain architectures (MDAs). To get an overall view of the number of different, related Pfam architectures in this family, click on the link to boot up the application. You will get a graph of related CATH MDAs for this family. In order to view those architectures that are most likely to be accurate, select the search tag and then select reviewed UniProt sequences only. Press refine search and you will be presented with a plot showing 84 MDAs (see figure below):
Now that we have an idea of the scale of the number of domain partners associated with the family as a whole, we will now return to comparing our two HUP examples using a different resource. Gene3D assigns CATH domains to genes and annotates them with functional and structural information. We are going to use Gene3D to compare the MDAs of our examples. Multi-chain architectures show all the domains contained within a protein chain.
Next, go to the Gene3D v14 website protein search page here. Input the PDB code, 1od6 into the search box and click the Get Results button. The resulting page will first summarise the list of domain families that are assigned to this query protein (which in this case is just a single protein chain). From the Summary section, and the Domain View section just below, we can see that a single domain has been identified within this protein, which has been assigned to a functional family named "Phosphopantetheine adenylyltransferase". Scrolling further down the page provides information associated with this query protein such as the: protein sequence, predicted GO term function annotations, known drug targets that bind to this protein, UniProt entries, and Ensembl entries.
Searching for a different HUP domain-containing protein (PDB ID 1f7u) here retrieves a protein with multiple domains where the central large HUP domain is flanked by two smaller domains.
Both structural embellishments and domain partners can affect what substrates can access the active site. PDBsum, a resource that stores information about all the protein files deposited in the PDB, gives substrates for both of our HUP examples (in the ligands section)
For the protein 1od6, the substrate is Pantetheine 4'-phosphate (see upper figure below). For 1f7u the substrate is L-arginine (see lower figure below). The JSmol figures displaying these proteins, their domains and substrates are shown below. 1od6 is a single domain protein and is shown in red with its substrate in white. 1f7u has three domains. The HUP domain shown in red, but with the structural core in common with 1od6 shown in pink. Again, the substrate is shown in white.
These JSmol figures show that, despite these domains being in the same superfamily, they are significantly different in terms of structure, have different MDAs and also substrates that are significantly different in size. The large embellishments seen near the active site of 1f7uA01 may explain why a smaller substrate binds in the active site.
Domains in the Aldolase Class I superfamily (CATH code 3.20.20.70) adopt TIM barrel structures. This is a highly divergent superfamily and there is considerable functional diversity across the superfamily. If you go to the GO diversity and EC diversity pie charts on the superfamily home page, you can mouse over the segments to get a feel for just how functionally diverse this family is. There are 1780 unique GO terms and 412 unique EC numbers.
As already mentioned, further information on functional diversity and, in particular, the reaction mechanisms present in this superfamily, can be found by searching for the family on MACiE. If you type in the CATH code in the field adjacent to the 'Search Catalytic Domain CATH code' button and then click, a page will be displayed providing all the general information held for the Aldolases. 20 different reaction mechanisms are recorded in MACiE for this superfamily.
Clicking on the 'OVERVIEW' link at the bottom of the page brings up a page providing more information on EC number distribution, CATH domain partners and information of the catalytic residues and cofactors present. Scrolling down takes you to a table of Catalytic Machinery Similarities. It compares pairs of catalytic mechanisms present in the Aldolases and calculates how similar they are using an algorithm that combines information on catalytic residues and superposition of the active site. The similarity score is between 0-1. The lower the score, the more different the reaction mechanisms.
For this tutorial, we are most interested in comparing the reaction mechanisms associated with two relatives having different functions. For example, 1h7oA00, Aminolevulinate dehydratase (EC 4.2.1.24) and 1d3gA00, Dihydroorotate oxidase (EC 1.3.3.1). Have a look for the reaction mechanisms corresponding to these ECs in the Catalytic Machinery Similarities table and draw your own conclusion. For more information on this comparison, click on the link within the table. This takes you to a page that compares the two reaction mechanisms side by side.
So, how are these changes in mechanisms mediated?
Firstly, we can explore whether there are any significant structural differences between the domains associated with these functions.
Within a CATH superfamily, structurally-similar relatives are grouped into structural clusters. Each structural cluster is then clustered again into functional families, or FunFams (FFs). The clustering that produces our functional families is performed by our in-house protocol, FunFHMMer ( reference). Each domain clustered within a particular FunFam is predicted to have the same, or a very similar, protein function.
If we go back to the homepage for the 3.20.20.70 superfamily, you will see the functional families tree (see section 5 of the homepage - see below). The Aldolase Class I relatives are clustered into 19 structural clusters, all of which have one or more functional families. There are 286 functional families within this superfamily.
Going back to our two domain examples, domain ID 1h7oA00 belongs to the functional family (ID: 119454) containing protein structures associated with EC number 4.2.1.24, and is called Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase, chloroplastic. The domain ID 1d3gA00 belongs to the functional family (ID: 120487) associated with EC number 1.3.3.1, Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.
You can search for further information on these FunFams by selecting the Alignments tab under the Superfamily links on a superfamily homepage. Entering the FunFam ID into the filter text box will bring up the FunFam of interest. If you click on each of the functional families' names, which are hyperlinks, you will see a page displaying a summary page for that FunFam.
Like the superfamily summary pages: GO term, EC term, and species information is provided for each FunFam, as well as statistics including the number of domains in the family and the representative domain ID.
Selecting the Alignment tab on the FunFam page will load a visualisation of the FunFam representative domain structure using the tool, 3Dmol.js (reference). The multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is shown below using the tool, MSAViewer (reference). Conservation scores have been assigned to each position in the MSA using Scorecons (reference), and the residue positions have been coloured accordingly from fully conserved (in red) through to no conservation (in blue). Residue positions in both the MSA and on the representative structure have been coloured accordingly.
Have a look at each of the representative structures for both of the FunFams we have just looked at, and also those of other functional families to get a feel of the general structural diversity within the superfamily.
SSAP was run for our two relatives above. Below are two JSmol figures. They show the structures with the structural features common to both domains coloured blue (1h7oA00) /red (1d3gA00) and structural features not identified as being common to both proteins coloured light blue ((1h7oA00) /pink (1d3gA00).
Substrates for the two proteins are shown as spheres and indicate the location of the active site. It can be seen that the common core between the two structures is large and there are very little structural embellishments.
The next thing we can look at is whether or not there are local changes, particularly around the active site, for example, residue mutations in the site and changes in catalytic residues. Taking 1h7oA00 and 1d3gA00 as our examples, we can go back to their respective functional family pages and look at the multiple alignments for those families. Highly conserved residues are highlighted in the alignment (as shown above) and the structure and you can compare them side by side to observe any differences. We are currently in the process of adding in catalytic residue information to the FunFam pages so that conserved residue and catalytic residue information can be viewed on the FunFam MSA and the representative structure.
We can also use SSAP to create a superposition of our two proteins and then compare the position of functional residues. Just type 1h7oA00 as protein 1 and 1d3gA00 as protein 2 and click on 'GO'. An interactive LiteMol visualization of the superimposed structures in cartoon representations is shown.
The Catalytic Site Atlas is a database containing enzyme active sites and catalytic residues in enzymes. We want to use this resource to determine the catalytic residues for our aldolase examples and map them onto the RasMol 3D structure. At the top of the homepage, you will find a field labelled PDB code. Type in 1h7o and then 1d3g to get a list of catalytic residues for these proteins (see picture below for example)
A jmol of the SSAP superposition has been provided with the catalytic residues of the domains highlighted. Here, 1h7oA00 is in pink, with its catalytic residues red and 1d3gA00 light blue with its catalytic residues blue
It can clearly be seen that the catalytic residues of these two domains are in different 3D locations in the active site. A SSAP alignment of the two domains is below which highlights catalytic residues according to their properties. Aromatic residues are in red, polar residues in green and those with a positive charge are in purple.
In this case, unlike the HUPS, it is unlikely that any global structural changes have resulted in the functional diversity observed in this family. Our analysis suggests that changes in chemistry occurring in diverse relatives in this superfamily are more likely to be associated with changes in the 3D location and nature of the catalytic residues in the active site.
We are going to finish this tutorial with another example of HUP domain protein in Gene3D. We will look at a classic HUP containing protein known as QARS which is a Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase. Begin by going to the Gene3D website protein search page here and input the search term 'QARS'.
A number of proteins are retrieved, select the first protein in the table (UniProt ID: SYQ_HUMAN). or click here for a direct link to the page. Selecting the 'Domain View' from the left-hand menu, we can see that this protein has many domains flanking the central HUPs domain.
Structural models
Structural models have been built using MODELLER (reference, where possible, for FunFams that have no structural domain representative. Under the 'Domain Table' section of the page, domain families assigned to our query protein that belong to such FunFams with a modelled representative structure are listed.
The screenshot below shows an example of the page loaded when you select a Show Domain Sequence and Modelled Structure. The MSA for the domain FunFam is shown, together with the structural model.
Mutations provided by UniProt are mapped onto our query protein sequence. We can see that there are 4 curated mutations and 19 non-curated mutations. Select Click to Show Graphical View of Mutations on Domains to view all 23 mutations mapped onto the domains in the protein sequence. The curated mutations are shown on the needle plot in light blue and the non-curated mutations are in dark blue.
Scrolling through the page you can see this protein has multiple physical protein interactions. Some of these are with proteins from a known disease-causing bacterium, suggesting a possible role for this protein in disease progression. (NB. Instead of scrolling you can use the navigator box on the left to jump to different sections).
If there is time, explore the domains of your own favourite protein using this Gene3D search page.
CATH News
Orengo Group
CATH: Protein Structure Classification Database by I. Sillitoe, N. Dawson, T. Lewis, D. Lee, J. Lees, C. Orengo is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Based on work at http://cath.biochem.ucl.ac.uk.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


We know the divisions created by nativism, racism, Islamophobia, sexism, homophobia, and anti-Semitism destroy our democracy and divide the American people. They sap our ability to come together to win guarantees of living wages, healthcare, decent housing, quality education, voting rights, and the voices on our jobs that all Americans deserve. We further recognize that by coming together and overcoming these divisions, we can bring America closer to its promise of equality, freedom, and justice for all.


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Xbox Music Under Fire
Stephen Mesik | May 4, 2013 | Google and Android, Windows 8, Windows Phone, Windows Tablets, Xbox | 8 Comments
I have been an ardent proponent of the Zune/Xbox Music since first acquiring a Windows Phone in November 2010, when I realized the value in having a combined streaming + download cloud-based music service available on a myriad of devices. Since the introduction of the Xbox Music platform last year, it's safe to say that most previous Zune and Zune Music Pass users have had a love/hate relationship with the service and its Windows 8 app counterpart. While I haven't come to terms with the significant performance decrease and functional reduction of the app, and the service's inability to fully sync music between Windows Phone 8 and the Cloud Collection; there has been one major change that is far more difficult to tolerate. Since this platform has re-launched last year, the value provided by Microsoft's Xbox Music Pass has consistently degraded with no explanation.
Let me explain. First, this meant that new releases didn't always appear in the Xbox Music Store when they became available on iTunes, Amazon.com, and other popular music marketplaces. I complained about this on Twitter to @XboxEntertain when Microsoft likely missed out on hundreds of thousands of song and album sales as online and physical retail stores simultaneous began carrying Taylor Swift's Red album last October, an album that now holds a quadruple platinum certification largely aided by iTunes sales. On Xbox Music it was nowhere to be seen. In fact, it didn't appear for nearly a month; where, to this day, it is still unavailable to Xbox Music Pass subscribers for streaming or cloud matching. Whether you even care about this album's (or artist's) presence on Xbox Music is a moot point, Microsoft completely missed an opportunity to carry an album that sold over four million copies for no good reason other than to ignorantly prove that after all these years of failing to sell Zune as a competitive platform (which from a technical perspective, it was), it still isn't capable of competing with Apple on their home turf.
And that was just the beginning. Soon, more new releases would only be available for purchase, and Xbox Music Pass subscribers who used to get instant access to that content now had to either wait several weeks or buy the songs outright. One of these was Bridgit Mendler's Hello My Name Is…, which was released in standard and deluxe editions. Album releases with deluxe editions that carry additional tracks or secondary discs are a recent trend in the music industry's attempt to encourage album sales over individual track sales by making a more affordable album option available. Zune Music Pass traditionally carried both versions of albums released in this fashion until Xbox Music replaced it. Now these deluxe albums are often carried as "buy only," another reduction in value for paying subscribers of the Xbox Music Pass.
Now, I'm beginning to see complete albums disappear from the Xbox Music library entirely. Not just for Xbox Music Pass subscribers, but from the Xbox Music marketplace as a whole. About a year and a half ago, the power-pop band The Click Five released their much-anticipated third studio album TCV in North America. Unsurprisingly, it was quickly available with the Zune Music Pass. When I was in the process of transitioning my old Zune Music Pass collection to the Xbox Music Cloud Collection this winter, it came to my attention that TCV was inexplicably removed from Xbox Music. I can't stream it, download it, or even buy it. However, somehow my Samsung Focus that carried the DRMed copies of the downloaded tracks using the Zune/Xbox Music Pass service still managed to let me play the tracks until I had to wipe the phone. Now the tracks exist on my PC with Zune, but will not sync to the phone any more because the DRM license will not renew.
Finally, this morning I noticed that in spite of actually getting Green River Ordinance's Under Fire into my Cloud Collection about two months ago, it has also completely disappeared from Xbox Music without a trace. That means it is visible from the "My Music" view in Xbox Music, but instead of playing or even offering to let me buy it, I receive this error message (click for full size).
Until today, I had no apprehensions about recommending the Xbox Music Pass to friends and family with a Windows 8 PC, Xbox 360, or even the few who have Windows Phones. The predecessor of this service was amazing. With better marketing, it could have easily outshined iTunes and its lackluster app. Xbox Music's underpinnings did not need rewritten, a simple rebranding of Zune would have sufficed. In fact, it would have been perfect. Instead, there is far less value in this service today than there was even two or three years ago.
iTunes, Amazon, Spotify, and others are successfully competing with Xbox Music and providing more value-added features. Where is social sharing, Microsoft? The competition is already doing it, so there is no excuse for anything less than a complete, consistent experience; an experience the Xbox Music service and app are both catastrophically failing to deliver. I deliberately chose to avoid addressing the extensive problems with the Windows 8 app in this article, but since it's out there I have to ask: how about an Xbox Music web player? The Zune.net web player was abruptly dropped with the rebranding, and in spite of the Zune desktop software in its minimally supported state continuing to work with the new Xbox Music platform, the web app has never reappeared with or without new branding. In spite of Xbox SmartGlass appearing on iOS and Android, and rumors that Microsoft Office will make an iPad appearance, Xbox Music shows no signs of ever supporting non-Windows OSes. Yet another blow to the already-struggling platform.
A music subscription service should always be growing. I recall a time when Microsoft proudly touted their 30 million track collection. I wouldn't be surprised at all if it is less than that today. All this being said, I hope someone at Microsoft reads this and finally gets the message: Xbox Music is in serious trouble if it does not receive some serious attention now. Microsoft needs to fix these issues because nobody is going pay a monthly fee to subscribe to a service that literally loses value the longer you have it.
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steve.mesik
Murani Lewis	 May 4, 2013
I won't sugar coat it. Microsoft needs to step up to the plate or get the hell out of the way. There is no reason this stuff should be happening at all.
I have gone to the music store to buy songs and albums multiple times in the past few months only to see that they weren't available. I usually check other digital stores like iTunes, Google Play and Amazon and the same tracks are usually available on those. I just don't understand how the ball can be dropped so very badly.
efjay	 May 4, 2013
I have no sympathy for anyone still paying for this atrocious service. As long as people still pay the monthly subscription Microsoft will continue with the service in its useless state. Vote with your wallet, spread the word, if MS doesn't respond then they will deservedly fail with this service.
No need to punish yourself and use such a bad service, move to something that works and enjoy your music. After all, that's what really matters.
Stephen Mesik	 May 4, 2013
You know, efjay, I'd like to see the service succeed. With some much-needed attention, the service really could be the best music subscription option out there. The integration is already second to none in Microsoft platforms. Aside from the Cloud Collection being read-only on Windows Phone 8, it works fairly well on the phone.
Just like most Microsoft software and services, they start out with a grand vision of this amazing product, get it about 60% complete, then release it and never update it to get the remaining 40% done. Windows 8 is looking to join that group soon. Nearly a year will pass from GA until it sees its first UI updates/fixes. Even after everything they've said claiming that Windows will iterate faster, Microsoft still doesn't understand rapid update cycles. The monthly Surface firmware updates are the only exception.
joe	 May 4, 2013
Oh man I can't agree more! Though I really don't care for the transition to ios & android. The service is lacking a whole lot. And I have been on the subscription for years now! Desktop for windows 7 sucks and the whole DRM issues are terrible. In hopes of an actual product that replaces what Zune gave is what I'm hoping. But if it doesn't get any updates I'm out!!
who dis?!	 May 5, 2013
quality piece stephen.. from the curiosity you built up in me I'd be installing zune on my mac now, but the best I can do there is find a youtube clip of some kid showing you how to sync your phone, so never mind. got my own complaints with itunes, I'm sure they're basically identical to everyone else's, there is certainly more competition to be had in this business — if microsoft wants a taste, why not fire up a Mac version of Zune?
hey simmons, take a look at this post, a fine demonstration that one can indeed write substantively and generate a discussion on a slow sunday.. give it a try big guy. actually scratch that, you'll screw it up, don't try nothing, punk.
JimR	 May 6, 2013
You're not the only unhappy customer. Thousands have complained here: (link)
Microsoft, as usual, doesn't seem to even be paying any attention.
JimR, I think Microsoft is paying attention. But in Steven Sinofsky style, they simply don't care. They just don't seem to want to adjust their agenda or priorities to meet consumer demands. I think this "return of the Start button" is the biggest concession they have made in over six years on the Windows side. Even the "boot to Desktop" functionality being rumored was more likely already planned anyway to accommodate PCs used in kiosk and locked-down (e.g. library) environments.
But Windows Phone has been rolling ahead, and they have no problem appeasing carriers by blocking free-for-all tethering, rushing LTE to Windows Phone 7.5 even though it was originally supposed to come in 8. The only consumer-demanded feature I've seen the Windows Phone team act upon is the most trivial thing: the option to choose what button appears next to the IE Mobile address bar in WP8. Personally, I prefer having tabs there over a refresh button; but I can think of far more important issues, such as the lack of full sync for Cloud Collection, that should be addressed first.
Jeff Kibuule	 May 6, 2013
I think the answer is pretty simple. Trash the current app and have the Bing team (which made the very excellent News, Sports, Finance and Travel apps) make the Xbox Video and Music apps. Done.


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Empire's End
Transnational Connections in the Hispanic World
Edited by Akiko Tsuchiya and William Garrett Acree Jr.
The fall of the Spanish Empire: that period in the nineteenth century when it lost its colonies in Spanish America and the Philippines. How did it happen? What did the process of the "end of empire" look like? Empire's End considers the nation's imperial legacy beyond this period, all the way up to the present moment. In addition to scrutinizing the political, economic, and social implications of this "end," these chapters emphasize the cultural impact of this process through an analysis of a wide range of representations—literature, literary histories, periodical publications, scientific texts, national symbols, museums, architectural monuments, and tourist routes—that formed the basis of transnational connections and exchange. The book breaks new ground by addressing the ramifications of Spain's imperial project in relation to its former colonies, not only in Spanish America, but also in North Africa and the Philippines, thus generating new insights into the circuits of cultural exchange that link these four geographical areas that are rarely considered together.
Empire's End showcases the work of scholars of literature, cultural studies, and history, centering on four interrelated issues crucial to understanding the end of the Spanish empire: the mappings of the Hispanic Atlantic, race, human rights, and the legacies of empire.
Akiko Tsuchiya is Professor of Spanish at Washington University in St. Louis. She is author of Marginal Subjects: Gender and Deviance in Fin-de-siècle Spain.
William G. Acree Jr. is Associate Professor of Spanish at Washington University in St. Louis. He is author of Everyday Reading: Print Culture and Collective Identity in the Rio de la Plata, 1780-1910, winner of the 2013 LASA Southern Cone Studies Section Book Prize in the Humanities.


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Silk Rhodes Share New Track "Realtime"
Silk Rhodes reveal a brand new track "Realtime" from their forthcoming debut LP 'Silk Rhodes' out 12/2 via Stones Throw Records. Check out the soul duo's latest track here. "Realtime" is also available as a free download today at Itunes. Recommended for fans of D'Angelo, the Delfonics, Prince, Jamie Lidell and Ariel Pink.
Last month the pair premiered their "Pains' music video. Check it out below and
Birthed in the back alleys of Baltimore, nurtured by NYC, and ultimately coming-of-age on the highways of the southwest on their way to California, Silk Rhodes are the dynamic duo of astro-traveling producer Michael Collins and singer Sasha Desree.
Their voyage began in a 1997 Honda CRV turned DIY recording studio built to capture and share light-bulb moments as they happened. The approach was simple: run a microphone into loop pedal, connect the looper to the car stereo via cassette-tape adaptor, and start spitting out ideas. Then Collins and Desree, alongside a host of roving lunatics and pranksters, would broadcast their experiments to the streets, commenting on their observations in rhyme, soliciting ideas from strangers, and inviting people into the car to contribute vocals, or loop beats. These experiments spawned sound collages, and stream-of-consciousness hymns, as well an an electric boogie tune with nods to Joe Jackson and George Benson ("Face 2 Face"), and a lonesome ballad that sounds like a still-lost Donnie and Joe Emerson song produced by Gamble & Huff ("Pains").
Pre-Order 'Silk Rhodes'
2. Pains
3. Face 2 Face
4. Laurie's Machine
5. Realtime
6. Barely New
7. Horizon Line
8. This Painted World
9. Group 1987
10. Hold Me Down
11. Personal Use
12. The System
"U.S. Velvet" By U.S. Velvet
"A New High" By Mild High Club ft: Winter
Mild High Club Shares "Dionysian State"
John Carroll Kirby Shares "Mystic Brine"


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"WHAT'S REALLY HAPPENING" - NOVEMBER 2023 Monthly Look Ahead
New book DAVID BOWIE: MIXING MEMORY & DESIRE: Photographs by KEVIN CUMMINS, hardcover, 256-pages
The Man Who Sold The World USA album released 53 years ago today
The Next Day Extra Collectors Edition released 10 years ago today
Terence Guy Adair Burns born in 1937 (David's half-brother)
Ava Cherry birthdate
(born 1963)
Metrobolist (aka TMWSTW) 50th Anniversary Edition released on limited vinyl gold, white and black, also special edition CD format, released 3 years ago today
The Buddha of Suburbia album released 30 years ago today
David performed at the Annual Black Ball Benefit for Keep A Child Alive (KCA), Hammerstein Ballroom in NYC, USA, 17 years ago today
'Tis A Pity She Was A Whore premiere and download released 9 years ago today
Ken Pitt birthdate
(David's ex-manager)
(born 1922-2019)
David appeared on BBC 'Tonight' programme as the President of 'The Society For The Prevention Of Cruelty To Long Haired Men' in 1964, 59 years ago today
Golden Years 40th Anniversary picture disc 7" single released 8 years ago today
David's 2nd album 'David Bowie' (aka Space Oddity) released 54 years ago today
Conversation Piece 5-CD Box Set and digital released 4 years ago today
Space Oddity (2019 Mix) on silver, gold and black vinyl released 4 years ago today
Breaking Glass (Live EP) 40th Anniversary 7" vinyl picture single released 5 years ago today
Space Oddity 40th Anniversary Edition album released in USA, 14 years ago today
Compilation album Nothing Has Changed released 9 years ago today
10" Limited Edition vinyl single Sue (Or In A Season Of Crime) released 9 years ago today
Lazarus written by David Bowie and Enda Walsh opened for previews at The New York Theatre Workshop, NYC, USA, 8 years ago today
Moonage Daydream film soundtrack 2-CD, released 1 year ago today
Blackstar video premiere on Sky Atlantic, 8 years ago today
The Jean Genie Limited Edition 40th Anniversary 7 Inch Picture Disc Vinyl released 11 years ago today
Blackstar single digital download released 8 years ago today
Gail Ann Dorsey birthdate
Haywood Stenton Jones birthdate, born in Doncaster, South Yorkshire in 1912 (David's father)
Mick Rock birthdate
(aka Michael Edward Chester Smith, born in Hammersmith, London, 1948)
(21 Nov 1948-18 Nov 2021)
Divine Symmetry 4-CD/Blu-ray Box Set released 1 year ago today
The Next Day Extra 12" vinyl and Peace On Earth/Little Drummer Boy 12" colour vinyl released for RSD Black Friday 2022, 1 year ago today
Brilliant Adventure (1992-2001) Box Set released in 18-LP Vinyl and 11-CD sets, released 2 years ago today
Bowie Glastonbury 2000 released in four different formats, 5 years ago today
David Bowie news/rumours with November dates TO BE CONFIRMED:
Created: August 2022 © Paul Kinder Last Updated: 10/1/23


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Spencer Torkelson Drafted by the Detroit Tigers with the First Overall Pick in the 2020 MLB Draft, after Going Undrafted in 2017
Spencer Torkelson was born on August 26, 1999, in Petaluma, California. After hitting .430 with 99 RBIs at Casa Grande High School, he was sure he would be drafted in one of the 40 rounds in the 2017 MLB Draft. However, after three days, and 1215 players picked, Torkelson never heard his name called.
Happy Sweep Sunday🧹
A post shared by Spencer Torkelson (@spencertorkelson) on May 17, 2020 at 2:50pm PDT
Torkelson said to MLB Network, "It was tough for me. I watched all three days of the draft in 2017 and saw a lot of names of guys I played against get drafted… It hurt. It kind of lit a fire inside me and I said, 'I'm not going to feel this again' and coming junior year at ASU I'm going to be a first-rounder. I told myself that."
At Arizona State, Spencer started off with a boom, breaking Barry Bonds's school-record homeruns as a freshman, with 25, while hitting .320 with 52 RBI in 55 games.
Torkelson was named the Collegiate Baseball Newspaper Freshman of the Year, National Collegiate Baseball Writers Association National Freshman Hitter of the Year, and Pac-12 Freshman of the Year.
As a sophomore, Spencer joined Bob Horner as the only Arizona State players to hit at least 20 home runs in two consecutive seasons.
A post shared by Spencer Torkelson (@spencertorkelson) on Mar 14, 2020 at 2:45pm PDT
RELATED: The MLB is in a Stalemate with the Players Association, and What This Means for Baseball
Before COVID-19, Torkelson had 6 home runs on the season, just three shy of ASU's career record, which he would have easily shattered had there been a full season.
Going into the draft there was some question who would go number 1, but the debate was settled when the Detroit Tigers took Spencer as the first pick in the 2020 MLB draft. Torkelson is just the third first baseman ever drafted first overall.
However, the Tigers manager, Al Avila said that he will probably start out at 3rd base: "We know he can play first, but our scouts strongly feel that he can play third base, and that's our intent at this point."
Got our guy!
A post shared by Detroit Tigers (@tigers) on Jun 10, 2020 at 4:15pm PDT
The number 1 pick took this news in full stride, saying, "It's not a shock to me. I prided myself as a baseball player and a baseball player isn't stuck at one position… You're playing all over the place and that's what I pride myself on. I pride myself on winning and getting the job done and if that's at third base that's what it is. I'll do my best over there and make it happen."
Despite the coronavirus, the times are looking up for Spencer Torkelson who has a slot value of $8.4 million.
Nathaniel Ilfeld
Nathaniel is a student at the College Preparatory School. His favorite sports to play are Baseball and Basketball. He also enjoys watching Football. He is a sports writer for At the Buzzer.
About At The Buzzer
At The Buzzer, or ATB, is the place for those who love sports, life, family, community, and so much more. We are far from the run of the mill 24/7 sports news websites. We not only bring you what's happening in the world of sports in terms of trades and breaking news, but we also bring you the news that goes on behind the scenes. The stuff you don't see during the 48 minutes of an NBA game or the 60 minutes of an NFL game. We let you know what's going on in the lives of your favorite athletes. From big life moments like becoming a mother or a father to highlighting personal videos of them raising their little ones, At The Buzzer is the place you go when you want to relate to the athlete you root for on a daily basis. If you're interested in how Russell Wilson juggles being one of the best quarterbacks in the league while also being a doting husband and father-of-three, we got you covered. Interested in seeing a video of Iman Shupert's three-month-old baby speaking her first words, we have that here at ATB. Or would you rather watch Tiger Woods' son growing up and following in his father's footsteps, don't worry, we can show you that too. At The Buzzer is so much more than sports. It's relatable, reliable, and ready to show you a side of sports you didn't know existed. Our goal at ATB is to bring you relatable, entertaining news that will leave you feeling closer and more informed about the people you are looking up to and rooting for. Sports are more than just a group of organizations that entertain you, it's about the people who make up those organizations and the stories of how they became the people they are today. So take a minute and read one of our articles, we promise you won't regret it.
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Polished Concrete Ossett Bridlington Middlewich Shoreham-by-Sea Lydd Carlton Maltby Cowdenbeath Harpenden Formby Musselburgh Stalybridge Penrith Parkeston Heybridge Esher Bridport Cheltenham Greenwich Chichester Brentwood Folkestone Leicester Dalry Manchester Leigh Staplehurst Middlesbrough Brackley Largs Lerwick Stubbington Burntwood Selby Uddingston Sandbach Mirfield Rosyth Stevenage Epping Rothwell Chatham Brixham Leigh-on-Sea Holland-on-Sea Bath Ripley Beeston Stansted Mountfitchet Sturry Dagenham Pontefract Alva Newton Aycliffe Gosport Wivenhoe Chester-le-Street Brownhills Wootton Bassett Castleford Corby
Polished Concrete Ossett
Ossett Concrete Flooring and Polishing
Ossett Polished Concrete Flooring (WF5): Once more or less limited to factories, cellars and public premises, polished concrete flooring is now being widely used in residential Ossett homes. Its aesthetic appeal has been enhanced in recent times by the innovative ability to seal and colour the concrete, meaning that, at a fraction of the cost, it's able to compete with the previously widely popular stone floor choices such as marble, slate and granite. Consequently, home renovators and builders can enjoy a host of opportunities and benefits by means of polished concrete.
In this period of environmental awareness, the sustainability aspect is one of the leading advantages that this sort of flooring is offering. Having a comparatively low impact on the environment is a key selling point for polished concrete flooring. In houses that are built on top of a concrete base (as most are), there isn't any require for extra flooring materials, just the sanding, sealing and buffing of the current concrete floor. Since very few chemical vapours are given off by the products used in creating polished concrete flooring, both the external environment and the internal air quality is not damaged. The compounds and products used in polishing and sealing concrete flooring do not have any lasting smells.
Concrete flooring also offers great value for your money. Concrete stands proud as being the cheapest flooring solution on the market at this time. The chances are that your property will have already got a concrete floor, because most houses in Ossett are constructed on top of a large concrete slab. The exposed flooring materials of tile, carpet, vinyl and wood are basically inserted over it. Essentially you are merely covering up what might be your actual finished floor surface. Polished concrete floors remain through the hot summer months minimizing the requirement for costly air-conditioning. The incredibly reflective attributes of a polished concrete floor surface might also lessen the necessity for internal lighting, therefore allowing you to save more expense.
The reality that it has low maintenance requirements is a further benefit of polished concrete. Intensive cleaning is imperative with most popular floor coverings. For example marble floors are prone to scuffing and require chemical cleaners, carpets need regular vacuuming and wood flooring needs polishing and waxing. In comparison a polished concrete floor is exceptionally immune to scuffing and marking, and most of the time only requires a quick mopping. Money and hard work can be saved together with the additional practicalities of this attribute.
There is no question that one of the primary advantages of a concrete floor is the durability element. It's a fact that some of the toughest floors in Ossett properties are built from treated concrete. According to preliminary research concrete floors that are treated properly are likely to last for a minimum of a hundred years. Those with their finger on the pulse have long been aware of this and have often made use of this style of floor surface for high-footfall locations in Ossett like office blocks, restaurants, commercial buildings, factories, salons and retail outlets. There are rarely any issues with rotting and moisture damage given that a concrete floor can literally "breathe". Some other kinds of floor coverings such as tile, vinyl or laminate can often trap water, causing costly replacements and repairs.
Probably one of the less recognised advantages of concrete flooring, is the health aspect. Dust mites and dust have for some years been known to lead to breathing problems, allergies and other medical conditions. The problem is that bacteria, mites and germs can soon find a home in the long fibres of carpets and the cutouts and joints of tiles and wooden floorboards. There will be no place for those things to accumulate with polished concrete flooring, due to the fact that the final finished surface is seamless. If you are aiming to finish up with an allergy-free home then polished concrete floors are certainly the best option.
Many options are open to home and business owners in Ossett, because concrete is a really versatile material. The various stains and applications that are out there mean that you can accomplish virtually any visual appearance that you desire. The traditional "wet" look, for example, can be achieved by means of silicon based sealing compounds which sink far into the surface of the concrete. A faux tile appearance is a well liked style for concrete floors. Concrete can be imprinted with a floor board design if it's a timber floor effect that's desired. Impressive effects are obtained by diamond grinding the surface of the concrete to show cross sections of the aggregate stones.
By staining and treating the concrete surface, it isn't difficult to achieve practically any coloration you can imagine. Even the the look of marble can be effectively emulated by using this process. A specific portion of the aggregate particles can be exposed before it is treated, by grinding down the concrete floor. For those of you that don't understand the meaning of "aggregate", it signifies the materials and stones that make the concrete stronger. When they're uncovered, these particles give a textured look. The fact that it can be entirely unique and original, adds to the appeal of polished concrete.
Polished concreting is available in Ossett and also in nearby places like: Hanging Heaton, Kirkhamgate, Dale Street, Flushdike, Alverthorpe, Flanshaw, South Ossett, Bretton, Earlsheaton, Chidswell, Carr Gate, Ossett Street Side, Shaw Cross, Chickenley.
Polished Concrete Tiles Ossett
The understated elegance and luxury of polished concrete tiles have recently become more popular in contemporary buildings in Ossett. They're ideal for use in bathrooms, kitchens and streamlined modern living areas as either wall or floor coverings. Refined lighting on a polished concrete wall can make an eye-catching centrepiece either indoors or out.
Whatever design and decor you may be planning, there are polished concrete tiles to match; from dark granite or brilliant white natural finishes, to vibrant colours to show off your individual taste. These polished concrete tiles can be fashioned to any shape and design, form a bold centrepiece or have varying textures to generate a stunning focal point for any room.
Granolithic Concrete Flooring Ossett
The kind of flooring that is often referred to as granolithic concrete (sometimes called granolithic screed) is made from a mixture of concrete and a fine aggregate compound. The aggregate element could consist of granite, marble chippings or some comparable hard rock, giving it a robust consistency. The resultant floor has got a far more attractive finish than if conventional concrete was applied, and once set it can be machine polished to to a shiny, mirror-like finish, and given a final coat of durable sealant to complete the process.
This is perfect for workplaces, pavements and factory floors in Ossett, where the floors are likely to endure high amounts of stress and usage. The pouring and finishing of granolithic screeding requires a substantial level of skill so as to avoid the kind of cracking and "curling" that can occur.
Concrete Polishing Machines Ossett
To apply a professional finish on polished concrete, specialist machinery is needed armed with diamond based abrasives. For that reason, it's not a simple do-it-yourself task and it's advised that you hire a specialist concrete polishing company to do the work. To provide you with a sense of precisely what is required, here's the essential equipment and job list for a simple project;
Diamond Segmented Abrasives - You will want a variety of levels of grit up to 3,000. The higher the grade, the finer the abrasive. You will use the coarse, lower numbered abrasives to get rid of any concrete paint or other coverings and slowly work your way up to the higher (finer) grit levels for polishing.
Concrete Fillers - The surface of the concrete has to be as clear of cracks and indents as possible, and a decent quality concrete filler should be applied before any actual polishing work can occur. If the floor is rough or deeply pitted it might be simpler to lay a coat of screed rather than trying to fill by hand.
Chemical Hardeners - Once the initial grinding is completed you'll want to apply a hardener. This ensures the concrete is fit for the final polishing.
Floor Polisher - The floor polishing machine is the crucial piece of equipment that is used along with the abrasive elements to finally bring the concrete up to your highest expectations. A larger sized head should help you to cover an area more rapidly, but might not be capable of getting into hard to reach areas or corners.
To read articles and see images of polished concrete click here. To acquire more info about "hybrid" concrete polish, the history of concrete polishing, retrofit floors, grind-and-seal concrete polishing, diamond-polishing and the concrete polishing procedure, it would be a good idea to head to Wikipedia and search for "Polished Concrete". To find out about polished concrete flooring on social media check this out. To garner more information regarding cement and concrete pay a visit to the National Precast Concrete Association (NPCA) website.
As with most things nowadays, there are plenty of helpful You Tube video clips dealing with polished concrete flooring, so if you want to see concrete polishers in action feast you eyes on this.
Also find: Dale Street polished concrete, South Ossett polished concrete, Chickenley polished concrete, Hanging Heaton polished concrete, Shaw Cross polished concrete, Alverthorpe polished concrete, Chidswell polished concrete, Flanshaw polished concrete, Bretton polished concrete, Flushdike polished concrete, Ossett Street Side polished concrete, Carr Gate polished concrete, Earlsheaton polished concrete, Kirkhamgate polished concrete and more.
Local Ossett concrete polishers should be able to help with cheap polished concrete, restaurant floors, factory floors, gloss concrete flooring, concrete flooring, concreting quotations, concrete polishing, microcement flooring, concreting, granolithic concrete flooring, industrial polished concrete, gym floors, warehouse floors, granolithic screed, bar floors, floor replacements in Ossett, abrasion resistant concrete, coloured concrete flooring, power floating, concrete sealing, and a whole host of other concrete related tasks in Ossett. Local Ossett concrete polishers will likely have the postcode WF5 and the phone code 01924.
West Yorkshire Polished Concrete
In West Yorkshire you can likewise find: East Ardsley polished concrete floors, Linthwaite concrete floor installation, Mytholmroyd concrete flooring, Heckmondwike concrete flooring, Kirkheaton concrete flooring, East Ardsley concrete flooring, Copley polished concrete flooring, Northowram concrete floor installation, Copley concreting services, Addingham concreting services, Scissett polished concrete floors, Shepley polished concrete, Thorner concrete flooring, Cottingley polished concrete flooring, Rastrick polished concrete, Honley concreting services, Thorp Arch concreting services, Old Town polished concrete, Woodlesford concrete floor installation, Ferrybridge polished concrete floors, Blackshaw concrete flooring, Bardsey concrete floor installation, Eastburn concrete flooring, Stanley concrete flooring, Luddenden Foot concrete floor installation, Allerton Bywater concreting services, Todmorden polished concrete flooring, Garforth concrete flooring, Emley concrete floor installation, Farsley concrete flooring.
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Home-owners in these Ossett places have recently enquired about polished concrete: Church Street, Avon Croft, St Peters Gate, Calder Close, Dale Street, School Street, Sowood Avenue, Broadgate, Deneside, South Terrace, Springwell Road, Teall Street, Athold Drive, Belgrave Street, Dunstan Close, Sowood Lane, Crown Point Drive, Sunnybank Street, Saville Park, Branstone Grove, Brookdale Avenue, Sunnydale Road, Tumbling Close, Stoneleigh Grove, Town Fold, Tateley Lane, Sowood Gardens, and also in these nearby postcodes WF5 0NJ, WF12, WF5 0QS, WF5 0ER, WF5 0QG, WF5 0QL, WF12 8PG, WF5 0PB, WF5 0AQ, WF5 0AP.
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Concreting Jobs Ossett: Get concreting jobs in Ossett here: Ossett Concreting Jobs
More West Yorkshire polished concrete specialists: Rothwell, Wetherby, Castleford, Pudsey, Yeadon, Wakefield, Batley, Pontefract, Dewsbury, Brighouse, Holmfirth, Bradford, Morley, Shipley, Heckmondwike, Keighley, Featherstone, Otley, Huddersfield, Horsforth, Bingley, Normanton, Guiseley, Mirfield, Elland, Liversedge, Garforth, Halifax, Baildon, Todmorden, Ilkley, Leeds, Ossett, Knottingley and Cleckheaton.
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text:
Misha Gajewski
If Greta Thunberg had a house in Canada it might look like this
Greta Thunberg posited at the Extinction Rebellion in London, UK back in April 2019 "How do we want the future living conditions for all living species to be like?"
I, for one, would like them to be very much like this home. Designed in collaboration with architect Alain Carle, the waterfront home is a Gold level LEED certified home built to the highest environmental standards and using sustainable energy systems.
According to the listing, "each component and system of the house has been analyzed and chosen to create a healthy, non-toxic and non-carcinogenic living environment."
For example, it has biomass central heating and all the materials are without COV and carcinogenic formaldehyde compounds.
The home is just 75 minutes from Montreal and beautifully integrated into the surrounding area.
The interior is stunning. The home is modern, luxurious but looks relaxed and comfortable as well.
The huge floor-to-ceiling windows offer breathtaking views of the surrounding land and flood the home with natural light.
The home is two floors with all the principal living areas on the main floor and the four bedrooms and bathrooms on the second.
The main floor has an open concept living, dining and kitchen area.
The bedrooms are spacious and have a Scandinavian design.
If the home wasn't impressive enough it sits an a whopping 8.7 acres of land and has access to a pristine lake.
Address: 1641 Chemin de la Héronnière Ouest, Wentworth-Nord, QC
Land Size: 8.7 ac
Listing agent: Melanie Clarke
Anyone who's eco-conscious. The home has a plethora of accolades and awards specifically for it's forward thinking green architecture.
Move On If
You'd like to be in a more urban setting.
Sotheby's Realty
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