PGVCL Amreli Rural Contact Number, Complaint Phone Number and Enquiry Number and more. Amreli is a city and a municipality in Amreli district in Indian state of Gujarat.It is believed that during 534 AD Amreli existed was formerly known as Anumanji, Amlik and then Amravati. The city is named in ancient Gujrati as Amarvalli.
So, let's see PGVCL Amreli Rural Contact Number, Complaint Phone Number, Enquiry Number and More.
It is learnt from the inscription that Nagnath temple that ancient name of Amreli city was Amarpalli. It was also called Girvanvalli. Amongst the remains of the ancient town are the memorial stones or paliyas and foundations discovered in the fork of the Thebi and Vari rivers, and two old temples, Kamnath and Trimbaknath, on the west and east of the river.
Initially Amreli was the part of the former Gaekwad of Vadodara. Very little information on historical background is available for Amreli District prior to becoming part of erstwhile Baroda State.
Most part of the commercial area is called Tower Road stretching from Tower to the Main Bus stand and further to Gopi Cinema. Gebansha Peer Dargah, Nagnath Temple, Swaminarayan Temple, Trimandir – This temple concept was developed by Param Pujya Dada Bhagwan. Within the temple a tall and attractive idol of Shree Simandhar Swami resides, Kamnath & Mahadev Temple, Dwarkadhish Haveli.


IT firm Vistorm is to use Insight Marketing and Communications to advise on corporate repositioning.
Vistorm wants to switch from being a product-led reseller to a provider of security 'solutions'.
The agency, part of the Bell Pottinger Group, will promote Vistorm as an authority in 'information assurance'.
Insight MD Chris Warham, who leads the account, said Vistorm would be represented as a 'thought-leader' in the field, with media relations activity designed to highlight issues around security.
Vistorm's customers include Warburton's, Balfour Beatty and English Welsh & Scottish Railway.
Warham reports to Vistorm marketing manager Helen Croft.


For the first 3 years the sound at Stage 5 was purely acoustic, then we experimented with a unit made and named by Bob Ennis & Steve Keen, the Oklahoma contingent of the Stage 5 crew. The unit was called the A.I.M. (Acoustic Instrument Megaphone) it was a dual cone looking affair that mounted to a mic stand and the players would step into the A.I.M. for lead rides. It worked amazingly well but was not liked to well by the players.
So the next year a deal was struck with the Walnut Valley Festival and an electrical box was dropped into the Pecan Grove for the very first time (it was attached to the big pecan tree that is located directly north of the stages current location). That year we brought a 4 channel Peavey board and suspended four dynamic mics from the ceiling of the stage and stashed two Peavey speakers under the bed of the truck. This was a good idea .. but did not work very well.
So we spent the next year trying to figure out what we going to do about sound for Stage 5. It just so happened that we started to notice that a lot of bluegrass bands were going back to the one mic set up for performances … so we decided to try to "hot mic" the stage and surround the audience with small speakers. EUREKA!!!!! this was working!!! (so good in fact that we still use this approach today) The microphone set up is two Audio Technica AT-4033's on stands at the front of the stage, one Audio Technica AT-4033 suspended from the ceiling to pick up the back 1/2 of the stage and a bass amp for electric basses, no monitors. We use a small Yamaha 8 channel powered mixer and an additional amp to power the back set of speakers. We have three sets of JBL speakers, one up front directed out at the audience, one set 1/2 way back and pointing into the audience area from the side, and a final set at the back of the audience pointing toward the stage. We do not use any special outboard equipment or delays. This set up works great, the larger the crowd gets the more speakers we turn on. We use the EQ that is built into the mixer for all of the Equalization.
The additional beauty of this set up is that as soon as one act is finished with their set the next act takes the stage and with minimal or no sound set up they are playing. So there are no long breaks for set up between bands. Plus we don't need a sound tech and a stage tech, just someone to let the band on stage know they have time for one more song then get the next band started.
Welcome to the NEW home of Stage 5 on the internet. Soon you will find here Stage 5 history, information about our crew, sound, schedules and sign up, fun facts, some pictures and special notices. Check back often and also become a friend of Stage 5 on Facebook. And as always we will see you in September at the Walnut Valley Festival in Winfield, Kansas.


text:
from invoke import task

@task(optional=['meh'])
def foo(c, meh=False):
    print(meh)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Jayson Harris, 23, has been sentenced to 21 months in prison in the first case brought against Internet fraud by software giant Microsoft. Harris was accused and found guilty of fraudulent practices against MSN customers by using a practice that we have come to call Phishing. Harris admitted that he had defrauded anywhere between 50 and 250 customers though his activities.
Phishing is a form of Internet fraud that aims to steal valuable information such as credit cards, social security numbers, user IDs and passwords, using fake emails and websites that are set up to look as if they belong to or originate from legitimate companies such as PayPal or Amazon. It has become a big problem in the last couple of years or so. Microsoft has filed 125 civil suits against Phishers.
Microsoft attorney Aaron Kornblum said: "Today marks a new milestone in Microsoft's global phishing enforcement initiative. It's about taking the fight to the phishers."


Paul Halmos (1960) Naive set theory. Princeton, NJ: D. Van Nostrand Company. Reprinted 1974 by Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-90092-6.
Thomas Jech (2003) Set Theory: The Third Millennium Edition, Revised and Expanded. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 3-540-44085-2.
Kenneth Kunen (1980) Set Theory: An Introduction to Independence Proofs. Elsevier. ISBN 0-444-86839-9.


text:
He Starts Singing National Anthem, But Look Closely At The Canvas In Front Of Him
Joe Everson is a multi-talented artist and a patriot, so when they asked him to perform the national anthem he did it in his own way. This is one of the most awesome performances I've ever seen but the catch is you won't know how incredible it is until the very end.
As he was singing this gentleman started painting weird shapes on black canvas, but watch what happens just when he was about to finish the last verse of The Star Spangled Banner. That last dab of color ties up not only his artwork, it makes the national anthem so much more amazing.
Next story Angry Girl Won't Stop Crying, But When She Spots The Camera's On? I'm In Stitches!
Prev story What Happened On This Monday Morning Commute Made The World Cry. Seriously, This Is AWESOME!
She Glues A Tiny Figure Onto A Jar. When I Realized What It Was? I'm Soo Trying This Tonight!
Before They Were Famous, Watch The Amazing Audition That Launched Pentatonix To Stardom
He Has Something Important To Tell You About His Autistic Brother …And It Will Make You Cry!
Steve Harvey Just Taught Me More In 5 Minutes Than Anyone Else Has Done In A Lifetime…
He's Being Bullied At School. But Watch When He Shows Up At School With This Tough Biker
It Looks Like An Ordinary Roadside Barrier, But What It Does Will Save Millions Of Lives!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Build a thriving civilization - in under an hour!
In Roll Through The Ages, The Bronze Age players collect goods, assign workers to build cities and erect monuments, advance your civilization through cultural and scientific developments, but don't forget to harvest enough food to feed your growing population. Grab those dice and Roll Through The Ages in this fast paced, addictive and strategic game. Dice with special symbols for food, resources, money and the not-so-good skull and crossbones are included. Roll the dice as many as three times, track resources on a handy pegboard and complete monuments before your opponents. When all five monuments are completed the game ends.


OBJECTIVE: To characterize the hepatic leukocyte endothelial cell interactions occurring in early sepsis and to determine whether this is influenced by fluid treatment. METHODS: Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and perforation in C57Bl/6 mice. One of 6 iv fluid regimes was given immediately postsurgery and at 6 h. The hepatic microcirculation was examined by intravital microscopy at 6 h. RESULTS: All 0.9% saline-based solutions were associated with an increase in leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions as demonstrated by an increase in the rolling flux in the sham and naïve mice. In the septic mice treated with normal saline, there was a 20-fold increase in leukocyte adhesion within the postsinusoidal venules, compared to sham mice. Treatment with lactated Ringer's reduced the sepsis-mediated leukocyte recruitment by 50%. When septic mice received 6% pentastarch in a balanced solution or 3% saline, venular leukocyte adhesion was reduced by an additional 50%. When the pentastarch was prepared in normal saline there was no further reduction in venular leukocyte adhesion compared to the lactated Ringer's-treated mice. All hyperosmolar solutions improved the sepsis-induced reduction in sinusoidal perfusion but only the pentastarch in the balance solution significantly reduced the number of adherent leukocytes within the sinusoids. CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic leukocyte recruitment occurs early in sepsis. Pentastarch in a balanced solution but not in normal saline significantly reduces hepatic leukocyte recruitment, suggesting solution composition, as well as osmolarity impact the innate immune response.


Photo by Jason Redmond/Ventura County Star: Andrew Harris hugs his favorite doctor, bone marrow transplant physician Ami Shah, as mom Christie Harris watches during a checkup at Childrens Hospital Los Angeles. He has hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, a rare disorder of the immune system.
A 12-year-old Simi Valley boy with a rare immune system disorder has inspired a series of benefits to help find a cure for what is known as an "orphan disease" because it affects too few children to warrant federal research funds.
Considered a "miracle child" by his friends and family, Andrew Harris has been the catalyst to pull together community members in search of a cure for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, also known as HLH.
From Friday through Sunday, the community is invited to join Andrew's friends and family at Rancho Santa Susana Park in Simi Valley to raise funds for research. The event will open at 6:30 p.m. Friday with a home run derby, to be followed Saturday and Sunday by the 11th annual Play for a Cure, a round-robin, coed softball tournament held every year in honor of Andrew's June 30 birthday.
Money raised through these events will go to the Histiocytosis Association of America for research, education and support.
Andrew, who was born with HLH, has undergone chemotherapy and three bone marrow transplants, and in spite of numerous complications and a recent diagnosis of two different types of leukemia, "remains a happy young man who tests the excitement of the world around him every single day," said his mom, Christie Harris, who serves on the board of directors for the HAA.
The rare disorder, which affects 1.2 out of every 1 million youths younger than 15, usually presents itself with fever and sometimes other symptoms of an infection. In many cases, a pathogen (virus or bacteria) can be identified. The human body contains many cells that fight infection, including T-cells and histiocytes. The activation of these cells causes an inflammatory reaction. Normally, when the pathogen has been eliminated, the inflammatory reaction is turned off, and the immune system returns to its steady state. Because of a defect in the immune system in patients like Andrew, however, the inflammatory reaction persists and causes the symptoms of HLH.
"Andrew is still recovering from his bone marrow transplant," Harris said.
"He cannot be in the sun, cannot play with other children under the age of 6, cannot be around anyone who is sick or been sick, cannot go in the dirt and has to be very careful of what he eats," she added.
Twenty years ago, the survival rate of children with HLH was close to zero, Harris said.
"Today, partially because of funds raised through this event, survival is between 50 and 60 percent," she said.
Fundraisers like Play for a Cure are significant because there is little, if any, federal research funding for HLH, explained HAA President Jeffrey Toughill.
"The only way that research occurs is when friends and families pull together and raise funds," he said.
The Simi Valley event is a unique fundraiser "because the community has been behind this cause for so long. Sure, they are having fun at this event, but they are also saving children's lives."
Play for a Cure, started in 1998 by a group of friends and family members to celebrate Andrew's third birthday, has turned into a labor of love, said Dee Glynn of Simi Valley, the event's co-founder and director.
The tournament began with eight teams and raised a little more than $5,000. Last year, it drew 24 teams and raised more than $18,000, Glynn said.
"Because histiocytosis affects less than 200,000 children per year, the federal government considers it an orphan disease," Glynn said.
The HAA and Play for a Cure, she said, "have been able to fund more than 100 research projects."
Meanwhile, Andrew continues to be a positive role model to everyone, his mom said.
"Andrew is both mentally and physically challenged, health-impaired, speech-delayed and has mild cerebral palsy, but despite all his daily challenges, does not view himself any different from everyone else," she said.
He is a role model because of his positive outlook on life, Toughill said.
"He enjoys the world around him, even though he has been so sick and spent so much time in the hospital. He is a happy, outgoing little boy who brings joy to everyone he meets."
A sixth-grader at Valley View Middle School who wants to be a monster-truck driver when he grows up, Andrew "can light up every room he enters with his personality, wit and sense of humor, and has been described as a little boy full of life, love and happiness," Glynn said. "Andrew has truly taught me some of life's greatest lessons: Don't take anything for granted. Never give up. And you can do anything if you try."


text:
Australian and Indonesian Hercules Unite for Exercise RAJAWALI AUSINDO
Indonesian and Australian Air Force personnel will participate in Exercise RAJAWALI AUSINDO at RAAF Base Darwin from 1 to 6 December 2011.
Exercise RAJAWALI AUSINDO will involve C-130 Hercules transport aircraft and crews from both countries undertaking cargo airdrop missions.
Commander Air Lift Group, Air Commodore Gary Martin, said Indonesia and Australia benefit from participation in such exercises.
"Exercise RAJAWALI AUSINDO is an important exercise for fostering the relationship between Australian and Indonesian Air Force personnel," Air Commodore Martin said.
"These strong ties are evident when both countries work together in airlift missions, such as during humanitarian assistance and disaster relief operations.
"This was highlighted during Operation PADANG ASSIST in South Sumatra in 2009, and Operation Sumatra Assist I & II in 2004-2005.
"It is also an opportunity for Air Forces to gain a better understanding of each other's capability, safety practices, and methods of operation.
"Air lift is a critical capability within this region, as the respective experiences of Indonesia and Australia demonstrate.
"Both of our Air Forces are versed in flying to remote runways with vital loads, whether they are across the Indonesian archipelago or to remote Australian airfields."
The C-130 Hercules is powered for by four turboprop engines, and has a cargo bay that can accommodate up to 20 tonnes in payload or more than 90 passengers. Australia's C-130 will be drawn from No. 37 Squadron at RAAF Base Richmond, west of Sydney, while Indonesia's C-130 will be from No. 31 Squadron at Halim Perdanakusuma Air Base in Jakarta.
"The C-130 forms an important part of both our respective defence forces, for its ability to carry useful loads of cargo in to short, semi- prepared airstrips and deliver that cargo with the minimum of support infrastructure," Air Commodore Martin said.
"Australia has flown different models of the C-130 since 1958, and Indonesia since 1960, so between our two countries there is a great body of experience."
Prime Minister Gillard announced recently thatAustraliahas offered to gift up to four surplus C-130H aircraft toIndonesia.
Media Note: A RAAF spokesperson is available for interview on request.
Media Contact: Defence Media Operations - 02 6127 1999.


Pope Francis says that he thinks Lionel Messi is the best footballer of all time.
Pope Francis said this in Krakow, Poland, during lunch while on a trip for the World Youth Day gathering, according to sport-english.com.
He was joined by 12 youths and one of them asked him, "Who is better, Maradona or Pele?" and the pope responded, "For me, Messi," without giving further explanation.
A response that the participants at the lunch enjoyed – and none of them were Argentine.
Reports say nearly three million pilgrims made it to the mass he was celebrating on the final day of a five-day to Poland, as the 1,050th anniversary of Poland's adoption of Christianity was celebrated.


Ms. Yoga and her brother then met us at Fleming's Steak House. I left them at the wine bar, to finish their drinks and I walked over to make sure that we could get a table, especially because there was the potential of others joining us for dinner, but they did not show up. We were going to go and enjoy the 5 6 7 promotion and it had to be in the bar only. I have mentioned this promotion before, because I thought it was great, there were five cocktails, five glasses of wine and five small plates of food, plus the burger for six dollars, and it went on from five to seven in the evening. We have used this special many times in the past, for a quick meal before catching a movie or some other venue.
I had anticipated a crowd, like in the past, where there was Standing Room Only in the bar, because of this promotion, so I went before they opened to stand in line. The bar was empty and quiet, so I proceeded to grab a couple of tables in the back of the bar, with some extra people to join us, by the time we found out that they were not going to join us, there was still booths available for us to be more comfortable. I found out that the menu for the special had changed and there were only some items available for the five dollars, and even the burger was now eight dollars, which is still a bargain to me, for the quality, even though they now serve French Fries instead of battered onion rings. Evidently the other people that used to take advantage of the special have gone elsewhere, because it was a Friday night and the bar was dead. If it stays like that, I am sure that the administration will have to come up with some new promotion or go back and use the original as a loss leader.
Though I did remember to inquire about the "100 Wines of Summer" that I had received in an email from them and asked how that worked. I really did not read the email that closely. It turns out that each day, they would offer two one ounce pours of the hundred bottles of wine that they offer by the glass, and that that the two tastes were complimentary, if one asked about them. I am glad that I did. The first wine that I tasted was Complicated Chardonnay 2014 from the Taken Wine Company. Taken Wine Company was started by Carlo Trinchero and Josh Phelps, both sons of very successful wine families. The wine is from the Sonoma Coast and it was most enjoyable. The second tasting was Justin Cabernet Sauvignon 2014 from Justin Winery. The wine was aged for fourteen months in oak and carries the appellation of Paso Robles in the Central Coast of California. Paso Robles was for the longest time the largest AVA in California that did not have any sub-AVA designations, but this all changed in 2014, so it shall be interesting to see how the wineries will label their future wines. I will say that both of these complimentary tastings were very good and were an excellent bonus for the night.
This entry was posted in Wine and tagged Cabernet Sauvignon, California, Central Coast, Chardonnay, Complicated, Justin Winery, Paso Robles, Sonoma Coast, Taken Wine Company. Bookmark the permalink.


Heading south of the river is enough to make die-hard North London kids shudder. I know because I was one of them before buying a flat in the deeply southern pocket of Croydon. These days I'm a huge advocate for the variety South London has to offer across her boroughs, taking time to sink my teeth into the sights, sounds, & snacks.
Let's dip our toes in South London.
Moving here in 2017 was a bit of a punt on my part, not in terms of where I was buying or the level of gentrification happening in the area but in that, I'd only visited a handful of times but there was something that felt oddly at home here. One thing people don't bank on is the incredible art and architecture greeting you immediately as you leave East Croydon Station.
Croydon is a hotbed of creative talent, and it shows in the street art. From the floors to the highest walls, the likes of Dot Masters, Mr Doodle, Alec LDN, Rich Simmons, & Ben Eine have lent their skills to colouring in the city, thanks in no small part to Rise Gallery. They've been instrumental in painting the town red, blue, yellow, pink...you catch my drift. It's truly wonderful to see and pieces are regularly updated or new art added. Take a Rise Gallery tour to get under the surface of the scene.
When the tour is over take a moment to lap up Croydon's other love: the dessert. Step through Boxpark, stopping for a Dum Dums' Galaxy Cronut is obviously a must, but there are a couple of local-owned spots which are highly deserving of your time & tastebuds. Head to Croydon's ever-booming 'Coffee Corner' to get your face around one of Be Right Bake's brioche-style buns. Light, fluffy and with the added novelty of syringes of sticky sweet fillings. Now, newest kids on the block are Crepes & Cones, founded by local musicians Krept & Konan (see what they did there?), are serving up next level tummy-busters in surroundings which are a feast for the eyes too.
Arts & Crafts, the Dog & Bull, and Mathew's Yard on and near Surrey Street Market respectively are three of my favourite watering holes with outdoor seating to boot.
One of South London's most attractive parks, Norwood Grove balances wild woodlands with pristine gardens while boasting panoramic views to boot. A perfect spot to sit & linger, to enjoy an epic read or a simple quiet moment among the roses. At your leisure, keep walking towards Streatham and natural woodland will lead you to The Rookery where grassy slopes hold picnickers & tanners as you meander towards the simply lovely gardens at the bottom of the hill.
All that walking works up an appetite so thankfully The Rookery Cafe is right around the corner. This is not your typical park cafe, no sir. Soggy bread and The Rookery Cafe's stellar menu featuring healthy wholefood salads and classic breakfast baps, sweet treats and Caravan coffee, served up by chatty staff in a quaint setting for a reasonable price given the quality of produce, service & setting.
Hardly a shocker given this edgy location is hipster central, but Peckham is a hotspot of good times, whether puns & arcade classics are your vibe or chilling in a car park. No, not kidding.
Between the Bussey Building, Peckham Road & Copeland Gallery, you really don't have to step far from the station for decent street art but I urge you to venture a little further afield to the likes of Mission Place for striking murals by Run.
Fuel up at Bahn Bahn. Don't ask questions, just go. This family-run Vietnamese kitchen is out of this world and will far surpass anything else you put in your mouth, while in Peckham at least. Following such pho-nomenal eats calls for a trip down memory lane and Four Coins is my go-to. Arcade classics and deliriously delicious grilled cheese sandwiches, all named in particularly punny ways, team up for an A+ nostalgia trip.
If drinks with a view are more your kind of poetry, Peckham Levels &, in summer months, Franks Rooftop Bar for supreme views over our fair city washed down with craft beers, cocktails and the finest gyoza ever to enter my face thanks to Hao Hao Chi.
A few cute cafes are dotted around Forest Hill but the main draw for me personally is Horniman Museum & Gardens. A modest park surrounds the Victorian building housing a natural history museum guiding visitors around the complex wonders of evolution, and internationally important collections of anthropology and musical instruments. There's also an acclaimed aquarium, a Butterfly House and farm complete with alpacas sporting wicked hair dos and a badass giant rabbit. I'll stop gushing now, for a second anyway.
You've got a couple of options once the Horniman has been explored to the max. Hop down to explore the boujie blocks of East Dulwich where dodging pushchairs and babycinos is totally worth it for how darn cute the area as a whole is, and how gorgeous their parks are. Option two, pick up Capital Ring and swing by Camberwell Old Cemetery. It's gorgeous & gothic, ideal for something to do during seance weather.
Now, Crystal Palace is pretty underrated, unless you're into football and even then it's not Stanford Bridge, but there are dinosaurs. Seriously. CPP is home to a number of sphinxes & a dinosaur hideaway so fuelled up on good things from Four Boroughs Coffee, embracing the wilderness of weirdness is made simple, enjoyable, & remarkable.
Brunch, beers & brews are all covered in a very real way on what is a pretty short high street. Four Boroughs is a small independent coffee shop on Church Road who serve up goodness as standard. A nitro cold brew surrounded by good vibes, good views and good things was just the ticket to start my day right. Brown & Greens provides a hearty & healthy refuel - the veggie brekkie was divine. Added points for community vibes, al fresco seating and a very cute pup called Phoebe.


text:
Germany left bloodied, defeated after Women's World Cup loss to U.S.
Paul Logothetis
Special for USA TODAY Sports
MONTREAL -- The United States left Germany in an unfamiliar state after its semifinal win: Bloodied and defeated.
Germany's reputation for steadfast resolve in the face of pressure came undone as the U.S. women advanced to the World Cup final with a dominant 2-0 semifinal victory at the Olympic Stadium on Tuesday.
Germany missed a penalty then conceded one and, after going down 1-0, seemed to lose its focus. The image of Alexandra Popp leaving the field at the close with blood running down her forehead was perhaps the most potent symbol of this defeat.
The normally physical Germans seemed to wilt against an opponent backed by the majority of the 51,176 spectators dressed in red, white, and blue.
"Maybe they haven't played a team that is physically tenacious as us," U.S. midfielder Megan Rapinoe said. "I thought we got all over them early, and maybe they were tired from the other night."
It was a disappointing performance from a Germany side coming off a morale-boosting quarterfinal win over France. A back-and-forth start soon edged in favor of the Americans, who took control to dominate play.
Germany looked set to retake the initiative in the 63rd as striker Celia Sasic stepped up take a penalty. But the tournament's leading scorer with six goals guided her right-footed shot wide with U.S. goalkeeper Hope Solo going the other way.
Sasic's miss became even more glaring six minutes later when Carli Lloyd converted the Americans' opening goal from the spot following a contentious penalty decision.
Germany coach Silvia Neid felt the Germans then lost some composure.
"We did not follow through on execution because we did not hit the goal, we didn't create enough opportunities," Neid, who will be stepping down next year after more than a decade in charge of the national team, said through a translator. "At the mouth of goal we were not so good and that was our problem today."
Popp, who cut her head contesting a ball in the first half, was the only player to force Solo into a save on Tuesday. Germany's tournament-best attack -- led by Sasic, Anja Mittag and late substitute Dzsenifer Marozsan -- was handled by the Americans. Germany's normally crisp, disciplined tactics gave way to errant, sloppy passing as the American pressure led to poor decision-making and giveaways.
"I was surprised they weren't peppering the box since they have such great aerial presence and service of the ball. I thought they would go for more and they settled for outside shots," Rapinoe added. "We didn't give them much, they tried to combine through the middle and the outside channels and it wasn't on."
The Americans could play defending champion Japan, which faces England in Wednesday's other semifinal, on Sunday at BC Place in a rematch of the 2011 final.
Germany, meanwhile, will play the loser on Saturday at Commonwealth Stadium in Edmonton.
"Defeats always have a positive effect," said Neid, who was involved in both of Germany's World Cup triumphs. "You cannot walk through life winning every match. A defeat will help you develop further and I'm certain the players will come back from this."
PHOTOS: U.S. vs. Germany


The Old Summer Palace contain the ruins of Yuanmingyuan, one of a series of lavish imperial gardens destroyed in 1860 during the Second Opium War. Today the shattered pillars, stone foundations, and abandoned archways are a vivid reminder to visitors of the "Century of Humiliation" and the tragedy of imperialism in 19th-century China. The events of that century continue to play a role in shaping how China views the world today.
We will discuss the background to the Opium Wars and how the memories of the imperialist era are kept alive as part of China's contemporary political culture. Along the way, we will wander the ruins and explore one of Beijing's most beautiful historic parks.
The hutong neighborhoods of Xicheng are less visited – and less touristy – than those of the eastern part of the city. They also were once home to some of Beijing's most famous faces. We'll explore the lakeshores and hidden alleys west of the Drum Tower. Along the way, we'll visit the home of Song Qingling, the widow of the revolutionary Sun Yat-sen, who stayed behind when the rest of her family fled to Taiwan in 1949. We'll also see the mansion where the Last Emperor was born and walk down the hutong where Kang Sheng, Mao Zedong's notorious spymaster once lurked. Along the way, we'll also explore the history of some of Beijing's lesser traveled byways and observe life in Beijing's hutong neighborhoods.
This walk traverses the Imperial Quarter that included the Forbidden City and some of the most important monuments and temples in the old capital. While this walk doesn't go into the Forbidden City, we'll be walking along the palace moat and walls while we visit the old Ancestral Temple, the Altar of Grain and Soil (now a park named for revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen) before strolling back past Tiananmen and the portrait of Chairman Mao. We'll have lots to discuss about China's recent (and not so recent) history as well as dishing on the Chairman, Sun Yat-sen, and the aptly named Dorgon, the Manchu prince who conquered Beijing in 1644 and helped establish the last dynasty to rule China.
They couldn't have been more different from each other. One was a Manchu Prince, one of the most important officials serving the last Dynasty. Another was a brilliant scholar who would eventually become the house intellectual in another imperial court, that of Chairman Mao Zedong. Finally, Mei Lanfang was one of the famous stars of Peking opera. He was well known for his stunning portrayal of female roles on stage. Yet all three made their home in the shaded hutongs of Beijing's lakes district. We'll visit their homes and palaces and discuss the lives and times of these famous figures from Beijing's past.
This walk takes us through Beijing's former legation quarter and straight into the heart of Old Peking. Forced upon Beijing's residents by gun and treaty, the legation quarter was a world unto itself where a polyglot community of diplomats, soldiers, spies, criminals, and commercial enterprises flourished surrounded by the decay of the imperial capital.
We'll discuss the history of Beijing's international settlement and meet some of the people who lived there. We'll look at such pivotal events as the Anglo-French invasion of 1860, the Boxer War, and the Japanese Occupation. Along the way, we'll search for what remains of the architectural legacy left by the pre-revolutionary foreign community and dish on some of the dark secrets, strange tales, and unsolved mysteries which still haunt the streets and lanes of the Legation Quarter and its environs.
The Yonghegong (Lama Temple) and the Confucian Temple are physical reflections of Buddhism and Confucianism respectively, but both these sites have also long played a role in state ritual and the ideology of empire.
During this two-hour walk, we'll visit the Beijing Urban Planning Hall (a fascinating museum in desperate need of a catchier name!) and explore Tiananmen Square. We will conclude our stroll by taking in two of Beijing's most beautiful parks, both former imperial spaces that were part of the Forbidden City. Along the way, we'll also discuss the political significance of Tiananmen, the events which have made Tiananmen Square famous around the world, and the ongoing evolution of Beijing from imperial capital to a modern megalopolis.
This walk begins at Wangfujing, the longtime commercial heart of Beijing, and then traverses the Imperial Quarter which included the Forbidden City and some of the most important monuments and temples in the old capital. While this walk doesn't go into the Forbidden City, we'll be walking along the palace moat and walls while we visit the old Ancestral Temple, the Altar of Grain and Soil (now a park named for revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen) before strolling back past Tiananmen and the portrait of Chairman Mao. We'll have lots to discuss about China's recent (and not so recent) history as well as dishing on the Chairman, Sun Yat-sen, and the aptly named Dorgon, the Manchu prince who conquered Beijing in 1644 and helped establish the last dynasty to rule China.
While we wander the hutongs, we'll also check in on local markets, taste some of the snacks on offer from local sellers, and immerse ourselves in the culture of Old Beijing.
For nearly 600 years, the Emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties governed China from behind the high red walls of the Forbidden City. This walk and discussion looks at what life was like in the palace for the men and women who lived and worked there.
We will talk about the differences between the two dynasties. The Ming were a Chinese dynasty, founded in 1368 by a commoner who rose to become emperor. The Qing Dynasty was founded by the Manchus, a people from what is today Northeast China. Beginning in 1644, the Qing Empire ruled China by conquest.
One of Beijing's most distinctive urban features, the hutongs have long been at the heart of the capital's distinctive local culture. This walk explores the past, present, and future of the hutongs, Beijing's network of historic alleyways. Our exploration takes us through the hutongs of the Dongcheng District, once home to some of Beijing's most fascinating figures. We will discuss the history of the hutongs, who lived there and why.
Our walk begins at Beixinqiao in the heart of historic Beijing and will end near the Drum Tower and Houhai/Shichahai Lakes District in a location with several convenient dining, refreshment, and transportation options.


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The cancellation notice must include the subscriber's full name and I.D. number.
The migratory crimson-crested Woodpecker Bernard DUPONT
Climate Change Is Causing Birds to Shrink, Study Finds
Over 70,000 dead birds that crashed into buildings in Chicago all shrank in size — but there was some surprise growth elsewhere
Send me email alerts for new articles by Ruth Schuster
Cause and effect are hard to pin down with scientific rigor, but the facts are that global warming is happening and birds are shrinking. At least, the dead birds plummeting to the sidewalks of Chicago after crashing into buildings over nearly 40 years shrank. But weirdly and unexpectedly, their wings are getting longer.
Migratory birds are shrinking David Zalubowski/AP
And how was this discovered? Instead of being relegated to the nearest dump, the deceased avians were collected and measured, and the results of the work — led by the University of Michigan — were reported Wednesday in Ecology Letters.
The data consists of over 70,000 dead birds belonging to 52 different species removed from the streets by Field Museum personnel and volunteers during the spring and autumn migration seasons from 1978 to 2016. The scientists made multiple body measurements of each corpse to identify trends in body size and shape.
All had shrunk in size during those 38 years — an extraordinary uniformity of result given that different species ought to react to change in different ways. There were statistically significant declines in 49 of the 52 species, the biologists say.
They had anticipated some shrinkage as temperatures rise, but were shocked at the consistency. "I was incredibly surprised that all of these species are responding in such similar ways," said study lead author Brian Weeks, an assistant professor at the University of Michigan School for Environment and Sustainability.
Why? In fact, climbing temperature is expected to cause animals in general to shrink.
Field Museum ornithologist and collections manager emeritus David Willard, who measured all of the 70,000+ birds: Thusly the deceased avians are stored. Field Museum / John Weinstein
"Within species, there is a tendency for individuals to be smaller in the warmer parts of a species' range; this is called Bergmann's rule," Weeks explained to Haaretz. "This has led to the hypothesis that as the world warms, animals may get smaller."
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The classic explanation is that the bigger the animal, the smaller their skin-to-body-volume ratios. Thus, the larger they are, the easier it is to stay warm. Conversely, this is thought to be why massive animals like rhinos, hippos and elephants, for example, largely if not completely lost their fur: to preclude overheating.
But this classic reasoning wouldn't apply to migratory birds, which just flap off when the weather gets chilly. So why did they shrink?
Hard to say. Apparently it's because the breeding grounds are getting hotter, Weeks says.
Extending the wings
The consistency of the phenomenon is food for thought. Nature is a messy beast and the parameters involved are legion. And though there had been evidence of animals shrinking with rising temperature, biological data are typically noisy.
"Responses don't tend to be this consistent among species," Weeks says. "That is common in ecological and evolutionary studies — the natural world is a complicated place that tends to be characterized by highly idiosyncratic responses among species. However, in our study there were near-universal declines in body size across the species … and to find such a universal change was remarkable."
Meanwhile, over those 38 years, wing length increased significantly in 40 species. That had not been anticipated.
Dead birds collected at Chicago's McCormick Place, including an eastern meadowlark (far left) and an indigo bunting (far right) Field Museum / Karen Bean
"Wing length and body size are positively correlated, so we thought that as body size got smaller, wing length would also get shorter," he says. "The increase in wing length represents a change in body shape that may have important ecological consequences."
Asked why he thinks the wings grew longer as the birds grew smaller, Weeks says he thinks it's a metabolic issue. The smaller the bird, the harder it is to migrate long distances because of the reduced metabolic efficiency that comes with reductions in body size, he explains: "Increases in wing length can improve flight efficiency. So essentially, what we think is happening is that climate change is shrinking the birds. And then in order to maintain migration while smaller, they need to be more efficient fliers and are achieving that increase in flight efficiency through an increase in wing length."
Supporting that theory, the species whose foot bones (tarsus) shrank the fastest also showed the most rapid gains in wing length, Weeks says. The more they shrink, the more efficient they need their flight to be.
While North American migratory birds cannot be a proxy for all birds, the consistency of the response supports the idea that birds in general may shrink as temperatures increase, Weeks says.
Going by the response to this story in the newsroom, however, people seem less concerned with the plight of the plover and more concerned about chickens.
Worry not, dear carnivore. Chickens are captive and have been bred and morphologically manipulated over millennia to the point where any climate change-induced metamorphosis would be moot. Weeks agrees that their findings likely only apply to natural systems. "In particular, the change in wing length appears to be driven by natural selection on migration and so would not be happening in poultry," he postulates.
Who says it's the temperature causing the birds to shrink as opposed to some other direct cause? Multiple lines of evidence suggest a causal relationship, the researchers say. The strongest evidence is that embedded within the long-term trends of declining body size and rising temperature, they identified numerous short-term fluctuations in body size and temperature that seem to be synchronized.
"Periods of rapid warming are followed really closely by periods of decline in body size, and vice versa," Weeks elaborates.
The team can't predict what will happen to avian morphology as climate change accelerates. Wing length comes under many, many different selection pressures. Weeks notes that longer wings aren't just more efficient: they may pose a hazard ("increased predation risk").
"As such, birds may not be able to increase in wing length indefinitely, and we don't know what will happen once they start to be limited in their ability to increase in wing length in order to compensate for body size reductions," he says.
If you habitually stroll the streets of North America's cities and have seen dead birds plummeting from the skies, you wouldn't have noticed the size difference with the naked eye. The changes in avian body size and shape are subtle, the team says — at most, a couple of grams difference in body mass and a few millimeters in wing length. But that could change as our climate does.
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MTA bus driver gropes passenger after veering off route to secluded Bronx area
By Clayton Guse and Wes Parnell
An MTA bus driver roughly groped a passenger after veering of his route to a secluded area of the Bronx, police said Sunday.
The Bx26 driver picked up the 57-year-old woman at Jerome Ave. and Bedford Park Blvd. around 10:40 p.m. Friday. She was the only passenger on board.
The driver drove around for a few minutes before he parked and sat down next to her, police said.
"I love Dominican women," the driver told the passenger before he put his hands on her breasts and forced her hand onto his crotch, police said.
The victim quickly got up but the bus driver asked for a hug. When she refused, he wrapped his arms around her tight enough hurt her back, police said.
After the bus driver let go, the victim ran home and called an attorney who advised her to call the police.
The Bx26 driver picked up the 57-year-old woman at Jerome Ave. and Bedford Park Blvd. in the Bronx around 10:40 p.m. Friday. She was the only passenger on board. (Obtained by Daily News)
She contacted cops around 11:10 p.m. Police took her to Montefiore Medical Center for pain in her back, authorities said.
No arrests have been made as cops continue to investigate.
"The alleged conduct – if true – is reprehensible and would go against everything this agency stands for," said MTA spokesman Aaron Donovan. "We are cooperating fully with the NYPD's investigation."


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Sakshi Malik
Photo Credits: Bollywood Hungama / Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 3.0
Full Name Sakshi Malik
Profession / Role Freestyle Wrestler
Date of Birth 03 Sep, 1992
Born on 3rd September 1992 in Haryana, Sakshi Malik is one of the best Indian female freestyle wrestlers. She is the first wrestler to bring home an Olympic medal for her country.
A glimpse of her achievements:-
Claimed a silver medal in the 59kg category at the 2009 Asian Junior Championships. In 2012, she won a gold medal in the same tournament.
Bagged a bronze medal in the 59kg category at the 2010 World Junior Championships.
In 2013, she won a bronze medal at the Commonwealth Championships in 63 Kg category.
In 2014, Sakshi bagged a silver medal in Glasgow Commonwealth Games by giving a prolific performance in 58 Kg freestyle wrestling category.
In the Asian Championships of 2015 which was held in Doha, she participated in 60 Kg category and secured a bronze medal.
Won a bronze medal in 58 Kg freestyle wrestling category at Rio Olympics of 2016
In 2016, Sakshi was honoured with Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna award for her sincere efforts in sports.
In 2017, Sakshi won a silver medal in 60 kg category event of the Asian Wrestling Championships and a gold medal at the Commonwealth Wrestling Championship in 62 kg category. The same year, she was bestowed with the Indian civilian honour Padma Shri by the Government of India.
In 2018, she competed in the 58 kg category event of the Commonwealth Games and earned a bronze medal.
Won a bronze medal in the 62 kg category at the 2018 & 2019 Asian Wrestling Championships.


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Caln Township provides as soon as per week trash choose up to eligible residential properties. Place all trash in metallic or other non-corrodible private trashcans or sealed plastic bags, filled solely to the 40 pound limit. That is very unsafe and our delivery private could off load the material and or leave the dumpster on web site until you off load it. The denitration process reduces the waste-to-grout volume by three to 8 instances which is able to save in LEGISLATION waste storage prices. If in case you have any considerations about renting a dumpster or need help selecting a location, merely give Field Brothers Roll-Off Providers a name. If your debris may be recycled in your space, then it might actually be cheaper to get rid of. The cost to dump at a recycling center is usually cheaper than the associated fee to dump at a landfill. Do not accumulate beds which might include bedbugs which are very difficult to do away with. They'll assist purchasers on the varieties of development garbage that may and might not be dumped to keep away from penalties; in addition they take charge of bringing the waste to amenities focusing on processing these materials. Just give us a name at 732-525-2555 to talk to a helpful, pleasant customer support consultant about what measurement dumpster can be greatest for your unique needs. Our gross sales consultant will meet with your contractor to determine precisely what measurement of a container is needed. Carts have to be positioned alongside the curb line immediately adjacent to the property which has generated the waste. Dumpster rentals are an effective way to clean up after any mission with out the necessity for a monthly contract service. We provide temporary roll-off dumpster rentals for brief-term business tasks, like renovations and new mission builds, as well as everlasting roll-off dumpster rentals for companies with long-term waste service needs. Understanding ahead of time how how much does a dumpster value to hire in Van Wert works will make issues simpler once you start the method. This dumpster is an efficient alternative for small-scale tasks, including little home cleanouts. Should you select not to get in contact with the hauler, the delivery can be on the posted date sometime around the middle of the day. Figuring out ahead of time how how much does it value to hire a dumpster in Granger features will make issues simpler once you start the method. Although it may be used for smaller cleanouts, any such dumpster is especially good for medium-to-massive scale tasks due to the amount and weight of debris it may handle. Your typical trash truck comes with a roll off" hoist system requiring the dumpster to be dragged and pushed on and off the truck. Give Kimble a name to get began or request service utilizing the button to the precise. Compared to the cost of having multiple cans of garbage picked up every week, dumpsters are usually way more economical. Whereas some rental firms charge by the container measurement, others embrace the load measurement together with the canister measurement. The House Out there Onsite for a Rental Dumpster - Roll away dumpsters may be moved into place on any solid surface that is free of obstacles like bushes and overhangs. This can be a extremely significant part of selecting the very best Rent a Construction Dumpster in Pompeii service. The trash is packed below excessive stress, which might rupture a propane tank causing an explosion. As you get quotes from various dumpster firms in your space it is value asking them about all the possible fees that could be added to the bottom price of your Rent a Construction Dumpster in Pompeii. A median tonnage system lets you weigh a pattern of the light autos delivering waste to the disposal facility, and calculate an average weight of waste carried both for gentle autos as a bunch, or for specific varieties of gentle autos (eg, automobiles, vans). The 6-Yard Dumpster is good for mid-sized to massive retail shops, medical clinics, eating places, and workplaces with up to 250 staff. Understanding the kind of waste materials you'll be disposing of will even enable the Rent a Construction Dumpster in Pompeii firms to be sure you are conscious varieties of materials which are prohibited from being positioned in the dumpster. When you contact how much does it value to hire a dumpster companies in East Ellijay, ask them how long their durations are. Residential trash elimination is about in place to provide services to make sure that your waste and disposal is taken off of your property on a regular basis and leaving your house and yard tidy. Should you plan to have a dumpster dropped off in your driveway, ensure that to guard that space. What's most beneficial to Red River is that we provide a constant and reliable waste and recycling collection service to you the customer. Obviously, bigger containers carry more waste materials, so they are going to value more to hire.


This young (yes young!) Sextet with the irrelative name, make the long trip from Lille France to perform their edgy jazz/groove style! They were a surprise hit at the FestJazz Festival in Brittany last year.


Walker Commission. Featuring The Coalition of the Willing (Marco Benevento, Reed Mathis) and The Rose Ensemble.
Co-commissioned by the Walker Art Center and Hallwalls Contemporary Arts Center (Buffalo, New York) with funds provided by the Jerome Foundation and the New York State Council on the Arts, and with support from the Lower Manhattan Cultural Council's Swing Space Program made possible with lead support from The September 11th Fund and Manhattan Borough President Scott M.Stringer. Underwritten by the American Composers Forum with funds provided by the Jerome Foundation. Supported in part by a grant to Hallwalls Contemporary Arts Center from the New York State Music Fund, established by the New York State Attorney General at Rockefeller Philanthropy Advisors.
Additional support is provided by the William and Nadine McGuire Commissioning Fund and the National Endowment for the Arts which believes a great nation deserves great art.
The Rose Ensemble's participation in The Separation is sponsored by the American Composers Forum through its Encore Program, supporting repeat performances of new works.


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Q: Silverlight object in aspx page - not occupying full page space In my aspx page, i am creating two . In the first one, am using aspx menu and in second panel, adding the Silverlight object. But i can see that at the bottom of browser, there is an Empty space of height 100px(approx). Why this space getting added? How to remove that space?
Thanx in advance.
Sample code:
<asp:Panel ID="pnlMenu" runat="server">

                    Code to add menu

</asp:Panel>
<asp:Panel ID="silverlightControlHost" runat="server" ClientIDMode="Static">
    <object data="data:application/x-silverlight-2," type="application/x-silverlight-2"
        width="100%" name="silverlight1" id="SLobj" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
        <param name="source" value="Sample.xap" />
        <param name="onerror" value="onSilverlightError" />
        <param name="background" value="white" />
        <param name="initparams" value="clientip=<%= Request.UserHostAddress %>, username=<%= HttpContext.Current.User.Identity.Name %>, StartupMode=HTML" />
        <param name="minRuntimeVersion" value="4.0.50401.0" />
        <param name="autoUpgrade" value="true" />
        <param name="onLoad" value="SilverlightpluginLoaded" />
        <param name="culture" value="<%= System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture.Name %>" />
        <param name="windowless" value="true" />
        <param name="uiculture" value="<%= System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentUICulture.Name %>" />

    </object>

</asp:Panel>

A: try these
Clear floats. Add a div at the end of the table and set style as "clear:both"
For the iframe at the bottom of the page, remove the visibility: hidden style and add "display:none"

A: I think you have to set Height and Width from silverlight Application.
Try to set Height and Width in Silverlight Application.
Like Set Page Property of bellow.
VerticalAlignment="Stretch" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"

A: Add Height=100% to the Object tag. Right now, it is setting only the width.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Why can't I to pay on Expedia.com? They say: Sorry, there's an issue with the payment information below.!.But information is are correct!
My card information is correct, but Expedia.com say: Sorry, there's an issue with the payment information below. Is it necessary to register TD Bank Debet VISA Card for purchases on the Internet (for ex. Expedia.com)?
We're sorry to hear that you're having trouble using your debit card, Kristine. We'd be glad to get you in the right direction. As this is pertaining to your account specifically, we ask that you contact us directly for assistance. To do so, you are able to contact us 24/7 by dialing 888-751-9000 or by visiting a TD Store during lobby hours. To take a look at Store locations and their hours please visit http://go.td.com/1f9DSJR. In addition, if you are enrolled for online access, you can send a secure message. To send a secure message using Online Banking, please sign in here: http://go.td.com/1eaISlq and select 'Send a secure message' located in the 'Message Center' on the left hand side of the page. For Mobile Banking, select the option to 'Contact Us' followed by 'Send a secure message' after signing in. Please know that we would like to assist you directly however, TD Helps is considered an unsecured forum and we do not have access to your account/personal information. We hope to discuss this with you soon, Kristine. Have a good day.


To stay relevant in the future, it's critical to anticipate the emerging trends that will impact your industry (and adjacent industries). Learn how to apply techniques used by futurists to forecast change and prepare for probable events.
Gain alignment on where and how innovation can occur in the present by illustrating your vision for the future. Envision the Future teaches participants to visualize and better articulate what the "future looks like" for their industry, business, or offerings.
Recognizing and acting on early signs of change separates the Innovators from the Irrelevants. To stay ahead of emerging trends, you'll learn from global keynoter and professional futurist Garry Golden how to anticipate the future and predict trends that will affect your industry. Using real-world indicators of change, you'll apply futurist methods to extrapolate likely versions of the future. By envisioning your org in 2030 and beyond, you'll be equipped to lead market disruptions or transitions.
Organizations that need to engage in long-term planning but lack expertise in futuring exercises.
Leaders who want proven techniques for imagining the probable future and manifesting their vision for it.
Organizations seeking a process for anticipating and monitoring the changes that will impact their company and industry.
FutureThink proved that preparing for the future doesn't have to be complicated or time-consuming...it can be simple, fun, and quick.
Boehringer Ingelheim participants reported an 88% increase in use of scanning-for-change methods.
92% of Time Warner participants incorporated FutureThink's foresight techniques into strategic planning.


Ray Speare`s idea of relaxation is racing Formula Fords on weekends. His partner, Wayne Stuetzer, prefers sitting on his patio, watching a baseball game on TV. That`s not exactly a description of personality clones. And yet, for the last three years, Speare and Stuetzer have driven their graphics arts business forward at a steady speed.
Speare had worked with Stuetzer when Stuetzer was senior designer in the media production department at the College of DuPage. In 1978, Speare began a graphics business, operating initially out of his home. As his paperwork expanded from the bedroom into the living room and kitchen, he branched out into an office and a partnership. He and Stuetzer had discussed partnership when Speare left the college. By 1982, he felt his former colleague`s talents were vital to the growth of the company they named Windy City Design.
Speare`s first client, the American Association of Railroads, still is a customer. Since its formation, the partnership also has created graphics for several area hospitals, the National Alliance of Business and the American Academy of Pediatrics. Through Media Works, a Chicago communications consultant, they have completed projects for Bally Manufacturing and Hyatt International Corp.
Formal meetings haven`t worked out at Windy City Design. (''We had one staff meeting,'' recalls Speare.) If something needs saying, they say it. And if the partners need to discuss something, they talk it over during lunch.
Although the atmosphere can tense up occasionally, Speare and Stuetzer like to keep it as informal and relaxed as possible. Even in choosing a name for the company, they decided on a lighthearted title. They just couldn`t get tuxedo-formal about a business with a homestyle origin.


text:
Q: How to give a unique constraint to a combination of columns in Oracle? I have a Table with 4 Columns
Each Column will be A,B,C,D
Column A is the Primary key.
Column B has unique name constraint.
Now I want to remove the unique constraint for column B and give a unique constraint by combining the columns B, C and D. So the table will allow only one row with a particular value in columns B,C and D.
How can I give this type of a constraint?
I tried giving the composite unique key like :
ALTER TABLE TABLENAME ADD CONSTRAINT CONSTRAINT_NAME UNIQUE (COLUMN_B, COLUMN_C, COLUMN_D)

But it is checking whether any one of the constraint is present rather than checking for the combination of unique key constraint.

A:
First of all you should drop an existing Constraint by using below ALTER Query.

ALTER TABLE table_name
   DROP CONSTRAINT myUniqueConstraint;

Now, you can create a UNIQUE Constraint  by using the keyword UNIQUE with the combination of required Columns.

For Example:
ALTER TABLE table_name
   ADD CONSTRAINT myUniqueConstraint UNIQUE(B, C, D);

Detailed explanation of UNIQUE Constraint here.

A: Create a unique key on those columns
ALTER TABLE YourTable
  add CONSTRAINT YourTable_unique UNIQUE (B, C, D);

Oracle/PLSQL: Unique Constraints

A: ALTER TABLE table_name DROP CONSTRAINT constraint_name;
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX constraint_name ON table_name
(B,C,D)


If you are interested in Requesting Villa Cin Cin for a particular week or more than a week, please complete the form below. Once the information is saved on our system, you will be contacted with final pricing details and payment options. By completing this form, we will hold the week(s) in "Requested" status for 24 hours in order to allow you time to pay the required deposit. If your deposit is not paid within 24 hours of your "Request", then another guest may secure a Reservation for the same dates by making a "Request" and paying the deposit.
* Please enter the total number of adults and number of children (with ages) in your group.


text:
Russia and Iran tried to interfere with 2020 election, U.S. intelligence agencies say : worldnews
March 17, 2021	0	By boss
Russia and Iran both carried out operations to try to interfere in the 2020 presidential election between Joe Biden and Donald Trump, according to a U.S. intelligence report released Tuesday.
Russian President Vladimir Putin authorized "influence operations aimed at denigrating President Biden's candidacy and the Democratic Party, supporting former President Trump, undermining public confidence in the electoral process, and exacerbating sociopolitical divisions in the US," the report said.
Iran, meanwhile, "carried out a multi-pronged covert influence campaign intended to undercut former President Trump's reelection prospects—though without directly promoting his rivals—undermine public confidence in the electoral process and US institutions, and sow division and exacerbate societal tensions in the US," according to the report.
CategoryTrending
Mars' ancient ocean is still there, it's just very well hidden
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Intraoperative Neuromonitoring (IONM) is the allied health profession that continuously records, monitors, and analyzes nervous system function in an effort to increase the safety and effectiveness of surgical treatment of pathologic conditions. Intraoperative neuromonitorists perform these duties in the operating room during a variety of surgical procedures that pose risk to the central or peripheral nervous system.
Most neuromonitorists work in the operating room where they interact with operating room nurses, surgeons, anesthesiologists and neurophysiologists. Working with the surgical team, the neuromonitorist performs one or more electrophysiological techniques during surgery. Intraoperative neuromonitoring enhances patient safety, and may allow a more comprehensive surgical procedure.
Neuromonitorists work in a surgical setting. Neuromonitorists are employed either directly by an hospital or by a company that provides intraoperative neuromonitoring services to a variety of hospitals.
Education is typically provided in a college or university setting. Some programs, especially those that require experience as a neurodiagnostic technologist or previous higher education, may award a certificate. Programs sponsored by a university may lead to a BS or graduate degree. IONM education programs include a required clinical rotation in the operating room.
The curriculum includes study of the biological and physical sciences. as well as intraoperative neuromonitoring theory and laboratory courses, and clinical education. The biological sciences focus on musculoskeletal and neuro-anatomy, and neurophysiology, while the physical sciences focus on physics.


Fountainhead (FH) Activations, a division of Fountainhead Entertainment won the mandate over a multi-agency pitch for the Singapore Airlines Seating Showcase Mall Promotion.
The aim behind this on-ground promotion was to showcase the new Premium Economy Seating Class that Singapore Airlines now offers its customers and travellers.
The showcase took place over a 2-day weekend at Palladium in Mumbai (Oct. 3 - 4) and DLF Promenade in Delhi (Oct. 10 - 11) where the Premium Economy Class seats were displayed. Patrons and customers were invited to experience the seats for themselves under the care and assistance of trained cabin crew who were specially flown in for this promotion.
Day 1 of the promotion started off with a Press Conference for select media and travel bloggers. Singapore Airlines GM, David Lau addressed the media and spoke about the new Seating Class and the benefits that Premium Economy offers.
The seats were also open to public viewing and mall patrons were encouraged to come up to the zone and experience the comfort of the new seats themselves.
The 2-day promotion saw great participation at the zone especially through special promotional offers and attractive prices offered for Premium Economy and Economy seats to 5 specially picked destinations including Singapore, Hong Kong and Los Angeles. The activation also featured a lucky draw where one winner per day was picked – the winner was gratified with a free ticket on Premium Economy Class.
FH Activations was responsible for end-to-end execution of the activity including venue, logistics, set design and fabrication and manpower.


There have been several times in my life where I have heard an album, and from the very opening strains I have known that I was going to not only love the album, but it was going to remain an album that I love a very long time. The first time I heard bands like KISS, Alice Cooper, Black Sabbath, TNT, Dream Theater, Harem Scarem, Journey, Talisman, and Pretty Maids I knew that those bands would be lifelong partners in my sojourn through this thing we call Life. Almost every one of those bands has been consistent members in the soundtrack of my existence. It's not very often these days that a new band makes me feel that way again. Right off the top of my head I can think of two bands in the past couple years that has fit that bill for me. Neither band has anything in common other than the fact that I felt an instant connection, and they gave me that tingly feeling of excitement for the music bathing over my ears. They are Final Curse, an incredible thrash band, and the band I'm about to review: Oxygen.
Their debut album Final Warning for Escape Music is, simply put, one of the finest AOR releases I have heard in a very long time. Listening to this album took me back to the days when I discovered TNT. The tracks are the perfect recipe (yes, I said perfect) for what makes this type of music so enjoyable to listen to: they're catchy. From the up-tempo rockers to the magnificent ballads, Oxygen are everything Journey wishes they were now. I don't typically gush about new releases this much, but Final Warning is outstanding. Tony Niva, the bands founder and vocalist, has a voice that is a mix of Tony Harnell minus the major upper range Harnell is known for and Lou Nadeau of Wrabit. His voice is crisp and clear and mesmerizing; chock full of AOR gold. Adding to the musical brilliance are guitarist Roger Ljungggren, keyboards Marcus Persson, and drums Bengan Anddersson. The band is tight, adding to the great vocals and songs. When I first listened to it I thought maybe it was just a fluke me liking it so much- perhaps I was just in a great mood that day, but after several more listens this is a fantastic album that is a must-have for fans of not only AOR, but just good music period.
Bands like Oxygen, making music like the songs contained on Final Warning, make my job of reviewing so easy, but they also bring such joy to my life. With tracks like "We Must Fight," "Anything for Love," "I Wanna Know For Sure," and "Janitor Of Love" they create a sound that brings such happiness to me just listening to them. The whole album is why I love music so much. So enough of me raving about this album, you must add Oxygen's Final Warning to your collection. NOW!!
Sevendust's All I See Is War is a flawless continuation to their always-moving career.
I couldn't agree with you more..this is music that makes you happy every time you play it….
I got tears in my eyes with joy after I listened to the disc at home for the first time.


A weekend writing retreat for women writers with author Vanessa Gebbie.
Writing, including learning to write well and then finding opportunities to be published, is not restricted to those with youth on their side. Writing is for us all – but sometimes, you'd be forgiven for thinking it isn't.
Maybe you've tried to write, and life has got in the way. You are not alone – many of us make a real effort to fit our creative endeavours around lives already busy with jobs, family, other responsibilities.
This is an invitation to give yourself a gift – the gift of time for yourself. Stay somewhere as beautiful as Pentillie Castle, as you remind yourself that you can do this, and give yourself an opportunity to kick start those wonderful ideas that keep popping up, supported by an experienced tutor who didn't start writing herself until … well, you'll find out! Now, with her tenth book on the chocks, Vanessa Gebbie will support you, sharing her experience and her love of writing – whether you want to focus on short fiction, novel-length fiction, poetry, memoir.
Who knows, this busy weekend, in the company of like-minded women, might be a life-changer.
To read Vanessa's Biography, please click here.
Includes opportunities to walk the woodland gardens, admire the views, lounge in front of open log fires, eat delicious food, sip a glass or two of fine wine, and indulge your inner creativity while mingling with fellow writers.
On arrival meet your fellow writers with an informal ice-breaker and mini-workshop – bring your writing things!
An intensive morning filled with as many inspirations for new work as we can pack in. We all respond to different stimuli – but it is so easy to get stuck, jaded, believing we can only find inspiration in one thing – and if that one thing eludes us, we just can't… But I think we can. Surprise yourself! Bring an open mind and be prepared to try everything.
Building on the foundations laid this morning, let's just forget what other people think, forget what other people tell us we ought to be doing as writers, forget the rules – what are they anyway? and let's experiment, have fun, make our own rules.
Bring the many different pieces you wrote yesterday, 'rubbish' included (!) and this morning, we will be enriching and expanding, teasing out the threads, recognising the myriad different directions these first steps might take.
So we write, we work hard, we polish our words. Next, we will take a look at potential markets for our work and the best ways to build up or refresh a CV. We'll consider the publishing world, and the world of the literary agent. We'll look at the pros and cons of competitions and how to sort out the characteristics of those worth entering and the ones best avoided – plus a few tips on ways to maximise your chances of rising to the long and short lists.
You've just spent a busy, hugely creative weekend in good writing company. What now? Do you prefer working alone, or in a group? We'll help to make sure your writing process works for you the best way it can. We'll look at social media and its uses and not, for writers. Lastly, we'll our personal objectives, and our ongoing writing practice.
Payment: 50% deposit required on booking, remaining 50% to be paid on departure. Payment plan also available.
Luxury en-suite accommodation for two nights, in either sole occupancy double room or twin occupancy in double/twin room.
"Vanessa had put together the perfect mix of fun and thought-provoking workshops, one-on-ones and individual writing time. During the two days we talked about where stories come from – the internal and external stimuli that prompt us to start writing as well as the things that can block us from writing and how to get around them.


How do we calculate the shipping cost?
Chain Guide offers flexible shipping rates depending on your location and weight and dimensions of the items you've chosen. Note that it is always beneficial to purchase a larger sum of products to reduce the shipping fees.
We only ship within Canada for the moment.
How does it work when a customer wants to return an item?
Full name, invoice number, date of purchase and clear photos of the product showing that it is in perfect condition.
*Take note that products purchased on clearance are not refundable or returnable.
The original shipping costs will not be refunded and the return label must be paid by the customer. Chain Guide reserves the right to refuse any return if any of these criteria are not met.
Chain Guide is not responsible for packages lost in transit.
How can a customer track his/her order?
Once the order has been shipped, you will receive an email with a tracking number and informations on the carrier. To check the status of the shipment, please visit the carrier website and enter the tracking number.


text:
Addiction Specialists Identify Barriers to Treating Hepatitis C
By modifying these barriers, clinicians hope to treat more hep C among patients undergoing opioid addiction treatment.
According to clinicians who care for those taking opioid agonist therapy (OAT) for addiction to drugs such as heroin and prescription painkillers, there are numerous barriers to treating hepatitis C virus (HCV) among this population. The hope is that by identifying and ultimately modifying such barriers, clinicians will be able to help reduce the high burden of hep C among people who inject drugs (PWID).
Researchers from the C-SCOPE study conducted a cross-sectional survey of 203 health care providers practicing at clinics that provide OAT in the United States (82 clinicians), Canada (16), Europe (92) and Australia (13).
Results were presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases in Washington, DC.
Eighty-five percent of the respondents said that HCV testing is important among PWID, while 82 percent said treatment for the virus in this population is important. A majority (52 percent) said that before receiving hep C treatment, PWID should be stable with regard to their OAT and their alcohol use (58 percent).
The respondents identified barriers to treating HCV among PWID according to a five-point rating scale in which 1 indicates no barrier, 2 indicates a minor barrier, 3 indicates a moderate barrier, 4 indicates a major barrier and 5 indicates an extreme barrier.
Looking at barriers related to the overall health system, the respondents gave an average score of 2.78 for lack of funding for noninvasive liver disease testing, meaning that clinicians generally perceived this factor to be a moderate barrier. Other identified barriers and their average score included long wait times for individuals to see a hep C specialist (2.71), lack of funding for direct-acting antiviral treatments (2.76) and reimbursement restrictions based on drug or alcohol use (2.74).
For barriers related to the functioning of their own clinic, the clinicians identified the need for an off-site referral for a liver disease assessment and treatment (2.31), a lack of peer-support programs (2.27) and the lack of case managers or coordinators to link people to necessary health care options (2.35).
The patient-based barriers identified included patients' difficulties in navigating the health system (3.01), patients not making referral appointments (3.01), their fear of side effects (2.99) and lack of motivation to receive treatment (2.9).
#injection drug use
#Liver Meeting 2017
#Opioids
Virginia Medicaid Eases Access to Hepatitis C Treatment
Hepatitis C Treatment Has Declined Since 2015


Earlier this month, Chevrolet showed off its refreshed 2019 car lineup. The Spark, Cruze, and Malibu all got updated styling, but it's the Camaro's new front end that's generating the most buzz. At the event, we spoke with John Mack, the head of design for the new Camaro, to get a little more information on the Camaro's new look. Here's what we learned.
It isn't immediately obvious, but according to Mack, there's a little bit of the original Camaro in the new front ends. "The RS and base LT model they actually have a design that kind of has a homage to the first-gen where you have the larger center-opening grille. The lower grille also, that is downplayed," he said.
In the past, the RS package has essentially been a cosmetic upgrade. That changes for 2019. "The outboard air curtains are functional. Air goes in and comes out the other side, and that will also help the aerodynamics," Mack said. "We also have functional extractors in the lower diffuser." Similar functional features were used on the SS, as well.


Read online "The Influence of the Price of Corn On the Rate of Mortality" by "John Barton" for free. Book available for free download.
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Windsor Twin Platform Bed. A traditional styled bed featuring an well accented arch design. The Windsor Twin bed features a raised panel footboard in it's design and offers sleek, clean lines to make itself fit quite nicely into any decor. Constructed of solid hardwood this platform bed also includes a 14 piece hardwood slat kit making it ready to accommodate most mattresses. Manufacturer one year warranty. Stocked in the USA. Free Shipping.


text:
Home > About us > Our role > Legislation > NZQA rules > NZQF offshore programme delivery rules 2012
NZQF Offshore Programme Delivery Rules 2012 (v2)
If you prefer, you can download these rules as a PDF (PDF, 88KB).
2. Commencement and application
These Rules commence on the day after the date of approval by the Minister under section 253(5) of the Act. [Commencement date was 28 September 2012]
In these Rules, unless the context otherwise requires:
Act means the Education Act 1989:
Accreditation means accreditation to provide all or part of an approved programme under section 250 of the Act:
Category 1 institution means an institution (other than a university) that has received, in the most recent external evaluation and review carried out by NZQA in respect of that institution, statements of confidence that are either:
Highly Confident in educational performance and Highly Confident in organisational capability in self-assessment; or
Highly Confident in educational performance and Confident in organisational capability in self-assessment:
Highly Confident [in] organisational capability in self-assessment and Confident in educational performance; or
Confident in educational performance and Confident in organisational capability in self-assessment:
Credit value means the number of credits, with each credit representing ten notional learning hours:
Deemed programme rules means the NZQF Programme Approval and Accreditation Rules 2018, as amended or replaced from time to time:
External evaluation and review, for the purposes of the definitions of "Category 1 institution" and "Category 2 institution", means the quality assurance system known as self- assessment and external evaluation and review, in which institutions are required to participate by rules made under section 253 of the Act:
Institution has the same meaning as in section 249(1) of the Act in relation to programme approval, and as in section 250(1) of the Act in relation to accreditation:
Level means any of levels 1 to 10 of the NZQF:
NZQA means the New Zealand Qualifications Authority:
NZQF means the New Zealand Qualifications Framework:
Offshore partner organisation means an organisation that is used, or is to be used, by an institution for all or part of offshore programme delivery:
Offshore programme delivery means provision of a programme overseas that leads to a qualification on the NZQF:
Programme has the same meaning as in section 159(1) of the Act:
Universities New Zealand means the New Zealand Vice-Chancellors' Committee established under section 240 of the Act.
4. Programme approval and accreditation requirementsfor offshore programme delivery
Applications for programme approval and accreditation for offshore programme delivery may only be made by universities and by Category 1 and Category 2 institutions.
Institutions must meet the following rules prior to carrying out offshore programme delivery:
the deemed programme rules; and
Rule 5.1 (containing the special programme approval criteria); and
Rule 6.1 (containing the special accreditation criteria); and (d) Rule 7.1 (content of an application).
For the avoidance of doubt, an institution is required to obtain accreditation whether or not it is using an offshore partner organisation.
Where an institution is using an offshore partner organisation, the institution remains responsible under these rules for the actions and performance of the offshore partner organisation in relation to the offshore programme delivery.
5. Special programme approval criterion for offshore programme delivery
The special programme approval criterion for offshore programme delivery is:
CRITERION 1 - PROGRAMME DESIGN AND DELIVERY
The institution ensures the design of the offshore programme is suited to delivery in the host country and suited to the needs of the intended and enrolled students.
The institution ensures that the following matters are comparable to New Zealand based programme delivery:
programme learning outcomes:
acceptability to the qualification developer, relevant academic bodies, employers, industry bodies, professional bodies, and other relevant bodies and communities:
student workload (particularly credit value, level, and duration).
6. Special accreditation criteria for offshore programme delivery
The special accreditation criteria for offshore programme delivery are:
CRITERION 2 - OFFSHORE RELATIONSHIPS
The institution must ensure that any offshore partner organisation being used for the offshore programme delivery:
is recognised as a legal entity in the host country:
has appropriate financial performance and stability.
Where the offshore partner organisation is used for delivery of teaching the institution must take reasonable steps to be satisfied that the offshore partner organisation:
has sufficient and appropriate tertiary education experience and is lawfully allowed to provide tertiary education in the country in which the delivery occurs:
has an ownership and structure (including in management and administration) suitable for the offshore programme delivery:
is a reputable provider of education in its host country and any other country:
is providing teaching facilities, educational resources, and student services and support that are appropriate.
CRITERION 3 - FORMAL AGREEMENT WITH OFFSHORE PARTNER ORGANISATION
The institution must have in place a formal agreement with any offshore partner organisation that is executed by their senior officials with formal legal authority to enter the agreement on behalf of both of them.
The agreement must include provisions that:
define how the institution and offshore partner organisation will continue to comply with these rules and the deemed programme rules:
identify clear channels of authority and accountability for decision-making between the institution and the offshore partner organisation for the offshore programme delivery:
cover compliance with local requirements relating to the offshore programme delivery:
appropriately manage all actual and potential conflicts of interest.
CRITERION 4 - RESOURCES
The institution ensures it has appropriate resources to enable successful outcomes for overseas students, and that the resources are of comparable quality, type and availability to those used in New Zealand.
CRITERION 5 - ASSESSMENT AND MODERATION
The institution ensures that assessments conducted offshore apply assessment methods and criteria consistent with approved programmes for New Zealand delivery while allowing for appropriate adaptation for offshore delivery.
The institution undertakes moderation of offshore examinations and assessments.
CRITERION 6 - ACADEMIC AND OTHER STAFF
The institution ensures that the qualifications, experience, teaching skills, management, and oversight of offshore teaching staff are suitable and effective for the offshore programme delivery.
The institution's staff selection, management, and oversight are appropriately adapted to offshore delivery.
CRITERION 7 - STUDENT SUPPORT AND COMPLAINTS
The institution ensures the student and academic support services, and the procedures to manage student complaints, are effective for offshore programme delivery.
CRITERION 8 - STUDENT INFORMATION
The institution ensures that relevant and accurate information relating to the programme is provided to intending and enrolled students, including information on the language of programme delivery and assessment, and information on available student support and guidance.
CRITERION 9 - FEE REFUNDS AND CLOSURES
The institution ensures that fee refund provisions are clear, and will not undermine the educational reputation of New Zealand.
In the event of programme closure for any reason, the institution ensures there is appropriate alternative provision of education available to offshore students enrolled at the time.
CRITERION 10 - QUALITY ASSURANCE AND MANAGEMENT
The institution ensures that the special considerations for offshore programme delivery are incorporated within its quality assurance and management systems, and that all applicable quality assurance requirements in the host country are identified and met.
7. Applications for offshore programme delivery by institutions other than universities
Applications for offshore programme delivery (from institutions other than universities) must describe how the offshore programme delivery will comply with the rules specified in paragraphs (a) to (c) of Rule 4.2.
Applicants will be advised if the application requires a site visit or further work.
Where the requirements for the application have been met, the application will be approved and the applicant will be advised.
Where the requirements have not been met, the application will not be approved, and the applicant will be advised accordingly.
Details of successful applications will be published on the NZQA website.
8. Applications for offshore programme delivery by universities
Applications by universities for offshore programme delivery will be decided by Universities New Zealand under section 253A of the Act, in accordance with any procedures set up for inter-university course approval and moderation under section 241(a) of the Act.
9 Requirements to be met to maintain approval
Institutions with offshore programme delivery approval must:
continue to meet the deemed programme rules and the criteria in Rules 5.1 and 6.1:
ensure there is a permanent and accurate record kept of student enrolment and achievement:
as part of the institution's participation in self-assessment and external evaluation and review, ensure there are regular reviews of the programme and its delivery offshore, including reviews of any delivery by an offshore partner organisation.
10. Transitional provisions for institutions other than universities
Institutions (other than universities) that were carrying out offshore programme delivery at the time these Rules came into force, but had not previously obtained approval for offshore delivery of the programme, must apply for offshore programme delivery approval under these Rules by 31 December 2013.
Institutions (other than universities) that were carrying out offshore programme delivery at the time these Rules came into force, but had previously obtained approval for offshore delivery of the programme, must reapply for offshore programme delivery approval under these Rules by 31 December 2013.
Institutions of the kind described in Rules 10.1 and 10.2 that have not obtained offshore programme delivery approval under these Rules by 30 June 2014 will be non-compliant with these Rules if they continue to provide the programme offshore after that date.


text:
// $Id: JDBCExceptionHelper.java 9557 2006-03-06 15:16:27Z steve.ebersole@jboss.com $
package org.hibernate.exception;

import org.hibernate.JDBCException;
import org.hibernate.util.JDBCExceptionReporter;

import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * Implementation of JDBCExceptionHelper.
 *
 * @author Steve Ebersole
 */
public final class JDBCExceptionHelper {

	private JDBCExceptionHelper() {
	}

	/**
	 * Converts the given SQLException into Hibernate's JDBCException hierarchy, as well as performing
	 * appropriate logging.
	 *
	 * @param converter    The converter to use.
	 * @param sqlException The exception to convert.
	 * @param message      An optional error message.
	 * @return The converted JDBCException.
	 */
	public static JDBCException convert(SQLExceptionConverter converter, SQLException sqlException, String message) {
		return convert( converter, sqlException, message, "???" );
	}

	/**
	 * Converts the given SQLException into Hibernate's JDBCException hierarchy, as well as performing
	 * appropriate logging.
	 *
	 * @param converter    The converter to use.
	 * @param sqlException The exception to convert.
	 * @param message      An optional error message.
	 * @return The converted JDBCException.
	 */
	public static JDBCException convert(SQLExceptionConverter converter, SQLException sqlException, String message, String sql) {
		JDBCExceptionReporter.logExceptions( sqlException, message + " [" + sql + "]" );
		return converter.convert( sqlException, message, sql );
	}

	/**
	 * For the given SQLException, locates the vendor-specific error code.
	 *
	 * @param sqlException The exception from which to extract the SQLState
	 * @return The error code.
	 */
	public static int extractErrorCode(SQLException sqlException) {
		int errorCode = sqlException.getErrorCode();
		SQLException nested = sqlException.getNextException();
		while ( errorCode == 0 && nested != null ) {
			errorCode = nested.getErrorCode();
			nested = nested.getNextException();
		}
		return errorCode;
	}

	/**
	 * For the given SQLException, locates the X/Open-compliant SQLState.
	 *
	 * @param sqlException The exception from which to extract the SQLState
	 * @return The SQLState code, or null.
	 */
	public static String extractSqlState(SQLException sqlException) {
		String sqlState = sqlException.getSQLState();
		SQLException nested = sqlException.getNextException();
		while ( sqlState == null && nested != null ) {
			sqlState = nested.getSQLState();
			nested = nested.getNextException();
		}
		return sqlState;
	}

	/**
	 * For the given SQLException, locates the X/Open-compliant SQLState's class code.
	 *
	 * @param sqlException The exception from which to extract the SQLState class code
	 * @return The SQLState class code, or null.
	 */
	public static String extractSqlStateClassCode(SQLException sqlException) {
		return determineSqlStateClassCode( extractSqlState( sqlException ) );
	}

	public static String determineSqlStateClassCode(String sqlState) {
		if ( sqlState == null || sqlState.length() < 2 ) {
			return sqlState;
		}
		return sqlState.substring( 0, 2 );
	}
}