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Posted byDeepti Menon August 31, 2019 August 31, 2019 Posted inUncategorized
Have you been to Constitution Hill?" This was the question we had constantly been hearing over six years every time we came visiting? This time, despite the birth of a little grandson and all the paraphernalia that came along with him, we decided that we had to climb the 'Hill', as it were, if only to witness the agony and the ecstasy that made it such a landmark in South Africa.
So, there we were, two couples, wide-eyed and bushy- tailed, all set to have the experience of our lives, just the way people had told us. At the Visitor Centre, we were given brochures as our guide, Pearl, escorted us to the first leg of the tour – The Old Fort.
The Coat of Arms at Constitution Hill has an eagle symbolizing dominance, a lion for courage. a Boer gun, an ox wagon and the words 'Unity is Strength'.
HISTORY: Johannesburg, established in 1886, experienced a gold rush which brought fortune hunters from across the world to its reefs. In 1893, the Old Fort was commissioned as the Johannesburg Prison by President Paul Kruger to house mining criminals. Only white male prisoners were housed here. It metamorphosed into a military fort after the British strove to overthrow the Boer government after the Jameson Raid in 1896. The Boer prisoners built the ramparts of the fort, but lost it to the British in 1900 during the Second Anglo Boer War, and it was turned into a prison once again to house Boer prisoners.
APARTHEID: In 1948, the National Party brought in an ideology that turned into a scourge that would leave scars across history – Apartheid. The word literally meant 'apartness' in Afrikaans, and though it was held up as the ideals of equality and freedom of cultural expression on paper, it proved to be a Frankenstein in actuality, forcing different racial groups to suffer gross inequality, keeping them apart, oppressed and miserable. Inter-racial marriages were banned and segregation of races was the norm. People were discriminated on the basis of their skin colour. Segregation had been practised by South African governments earlier, but apartheid took it one step further by making it part of an unfair law. It was based on the fear of the white minority who felt that their black counterparts would overwhelm them, causing them to lose their status, their jobs and their culture.
The British were in power from 1899 to 1902, and they left in 1906. At one time, the prison housed only white, male prisoners. However, Nelson Mandela was incarcerated there, and put along with the white prisoners as it was feared that he would influence the black prisoners and inflame their passions. Some of the other famous prisoners were Mohandas Gandhi, Albert Luthuli who was a Nobel Peace Prize awardee, Oliver Tambo, Winnie Madikizela Mandela, Walter and Albertina Sisulu and Bram Fischer, human rights lawyer. Joe Slova was another prominent prisoner who was the general secretary of the South African Communist part. He was a top notch lawyer and it is believed that there were long lines of prison warders who approached him seeking advice on matrimonial and financial matters. His wife, Ruth was also imprisoned with him.
It was in 1904 that the Number 4 prison was opened for white, non-white, Asian and Indian prisoners. The gamut was wide, right from common criminals to famed political prisoners who had the power to change the thinking of the world.
In 1908, the Awaiting Trial Block came into being. Prisoners were given the task of carrying bricks to help in the construction.
THE MANDELA COURTYARD
This was a wide space where prisoners, black, white and coloured, were allowed to mingle while waiting for medical treatment in the Medical cell. It was known as the Place of Hope for this reason, and alternatively dubbed the Place of Pain as corporal punishment was also levied here. As prisoners received lashes, there was always a doctor present who would determine just how many lashes a person could endure. Nelson Mandela was kept here for two weeks before the Rivonia Trial in 1962.
THE WOMEN'S JAIL
In 1910, the Women's Jail was opened, a Victorian building where the whites were segregated from the non-whites. In all the prisons, there was a distinct hierarchy that pitted the black gang leaders and their sycophants against the hapless black prisoners who were sometimes incarcerated for petty offences and yet, treated like hardened criminals. Women could be taken in custody under the Prohibition of Mixed Marriages Act, 1949, the Immorality Amendment Act, 1950, the Populations registration Act, 1950, the Group Areas act, 1950, the Liquor Act and the like.
The Woman's Jail boasts of a well-kept garden that was initially tended by the prisoners within. When sunlight falls into the attractive Atrium through its high windows, it dispels the illusion of being part of a dark prison with unbearable memories.
The Isolation cells here have morbid stories to tell of erstwhile inmates, with plaques that describe why they were imprisoned. Every cell displays the personal effects of the said prisoners, and it is heartbreaking to see some of the trivial reasons that led to their imprisonment.
The picture below depicts the actual size of the cell the women were put in, with two buckets on either side, one for drinking water and the other for defecation.
The white women prisoners had it better than the blacks. Their cells were well maintained and their criminal histories adorn the walls. There was even an heiress, Daisy De Melker, (below) who murdered her husband, and she was treated more royally than many of the poorer inmates whose crimes were insignificant.
When a pregnant Winnie Mandela had health problems in the jail, it was Albertina Sisulu, wife of Walter Sisulu and a nurse, who tended to her needs. Winnie was later released and had her baby outside the prison.
Artist Fatima Meer's paintings are displayed in the courtyard of the Women's Jail.
NUMBER 4 – THE NATIVES' SECTION
This was built outside the ramparts in order to accommodate the growing numbers of inmates, and used to house convicted black male prisoners.
In one of the cells, there are black and white photographs of a number of people who had been imprisoned within Number 4, one of which was Mohandas Gandhi. A caption within asks the question, "Do you think they should have been imprisoned here? Please give us your responses."
Of all the photographs, there were only one or two who were actual criminals; the others were political prisoners locked away to prevent them from causing unrest within the country,
"It is said that no one really knows a nation until one has been inside its jails." Nelson Mandela
THE TUNNEL: The tunnel is a grim reminder of the humiliation heaped on black prisoners and even today, as one walks through it, it evokes shudders. Our guide pointed towards the door from which prisoners were marched in the darkness that was the tunnel. The only lights seeped in through the side slits, which, to their horror, had guns sticking through, pointed right at them as they stumbled in the dark towards the prison. Once there, the humiliation continued as they were held down, stripped, deloused and finally given uniforms that bore the stamp of their plight as they were taken in and incarcerated, sometimes till their death.
The worst debasement was the performing of 'tausa', where prisoners were stripped and their rectums examined by the warders to see if they were carrying any contraband or weapons. One cannot even begin to imagine the trauma and the humiliation the prisoners suffered.
Joe Slovo was one of the prominent prisoners. In his unfinished autobiography, he described the conditions in which the prisoners were made to collect their food from three drums in the yard, where even today, the unappetizing menus are on display. Apparently, there were three drums with food.
"The first drum, marked 'Congress One', contained cooked chunks of beef or pork for white accused. The 'Congress Two' drum, for coloureds and Indian prisoners, contained either porridge or boiled vegetables on top of which floated a few pieces of fatty meat that were most probably from the discarded cut-offs from 'Congress One' drum. The 'Congress Three' drum (for black prisoners) was always meatless and the contents alternated between a plastic-textured porridge and a mixture of boiled mealies and beans." (Jo Slovo, African National Congress member)
A poignant tale survives to this day. It is believed that black prisoners would pretend to be coloured just so that they could eat the slightly more palatable food from the second drum. However, the warders had a way to ascertain this. They would ask the inmate to place a pencil in their locks of hair. Black inmates had typical curly hair and the pencil would stay, whereas it would roll off the locks of the coloured inmates.
To make matters worse, there were nine, eastern style toilets right there in the yard that overlooked the area where the prisoners congregated to eat their meals. These were inadequate for the large number of inmates and were often filthy, and overflowed in clear view of the other prisoners. Privacy was a word that had no meaning in the jail. Apart from the stench due to the proximity of the toilets, diseases were rampant, arising from the general filth that was everywhere.
There were open showers that provided no privacy and often, some of the showers did not work. Hence, prisoners were forced to share the water and there were days when the gang leaders finished off all the water and the rest had to resort to use the toilet to wash their faces. Showers were allowed once a week and missing them meant remaining dirty till the next week.
COMMUNAL CELLS
These were set in a line and could house only around thirty inmates. However, often there were sixty to seventy prisoners and hence, they were overcrowded, leading to various problems like poor ventilation as there was only a tiny window, and filth which led to diseases that often killed people off.
Within the cells, there was a hierarchy at work with the gang leaders who ruled the roost, and slept in the most comfortable areas, often taking the younger men as sex slaves. They were tended by bodyguards who were next in rank. The slaves were the neglected lot, who slept like cattle, close together in tiny cramped spaces, and right next to the open toilets. It was unnerving to see blankets in the shape of men placed in the cells to convey how unsanitary and barbaric the conditions were in the past.
However, there was a tiny ray of hope that kept the inmates busy, apart for the hope that they would be released if their crimes were not serious ones. To keep their minds off the horrors, they would sit together and create blanket sculptures; we were fascinated by the creativity displayed in the shape of blanket furniture.
Isolation cells were for the prisoners convicted of the most heinous crimes, or for political dissenters. The warders would leave the lights on to disorient them, and incarcerate them for twenty-three hours inside, after which they would be allowed outside for an hour. There was one cell with a tiny peep hole through which the prisoner could see a portion of what was happening right outside. The worst punishment was when a convicted prisoner would be hauled into a cell.He would be stripped, have cold water poured over him and left overnight. Often he would die of pneumonia by the next morning.
Ironically, all deaths were filed under suicide or derangement, never the brutality of warders or murder. In 1983, the prison was closed down and is now a museum filled with memorabilia, both photographic and video, that remains a memorial to the starkness and brutality of man against man.
There was also a flogging frame onto which prisoners were tied and they were beaten in full view of the other prisoners. Doctors were always present to gauge just how far a man could be lashed without losing consciousness.
The picture below shows a plaque with the names of all the prisoners in alphabetical order.
GANDHI AND MANDELA
Mahatma Gandhi was one of the political prisoners held here as he brought forth the concept of non-violent civil disobedience in South Africa as a protest against apartheid. Nelson Mandela was inspired by him, but it is believed that their paths never crossed. However, there is a museum dedicated to them, established on 24th July 2016, commemorating their lives and their struggles, right from their salad years to their seasoned ones.
It is amazing to see how similar these two icons were in their natures and outlook as they mention the effect that South Africa had on both of them.
GANDHI PERMANENT EXHIBITION
The Gandhi section is titled 'Gandhi: Prisoner of Conscience' and covers his sojourn at South Africa from 1902 to 1914. He was imprisoned for refusing to carry a pass. The exhibition displays rare photographs, his personal effects, his ideas on prison life and Satyagraha, and even a missive to his wife, Kasturba.
THE MANDELA CELL
The Mandela section is a treasure trove consisting of an exhibition of Madiba's letters, his calligraphy, photographs, personal diaries, a draft of his book 'Long Walk to Freedom' and his words when he returned to the Old Fort in November 2003.
There is no doubt that Constitution Hill holds within its depths gruesome memories of incarcerated men and women, who lived out their lives in indignity and privation, in surroundings that reeked of injustice and neglect. If those walls could talk, many would be the tales told and tears shed for the harrowing loss of dignity that humans could perpetrate on other humans, only because the colour of their skin was different.
Today, Constitution Hill plays a diametrically opposite role, as it houses South Africa's highest Constitutional Court, created out of the very bricks that housed the horrors of the past, maybe as a living testament to prevent mankind from sliding back into those dark, barbaric ages, and to serve the purposes of the present in order to shape out a future resonating with rebirth, resurgence and equality for all. But that, of course, is another installment, and another story to be told!
Heritage Museum in Johannesburg, South Africa
Address: 11, Kotze Street, Johannesburg 2017, South Africa
Published by Deepti Menon
Travelling comes naturally to me, having been an Army kid first, and later an Army wife. I had wheels under my feet and I loved seeing new places and meeting people. That is why the title of my travel blog came to me instantly. Come travel with me as I see the world!	View more posts
Crabtree and Evelyn – A Tea Room with a Heart!


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The US Army isn't just looking to giving soldiers a hand, but a whole extra arm. At the Aberdeen Proving Grounds in Maryland, the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is testing a prototype passive support system called Third Arm, which evenly distributes the weight of heavy weapons, allowing soldiers to use them with less fatigue and greater accuracy.
In the 1986 sci-fi classic Aliens, one of the signature props was the fictional M56 Smartgun, which was a dressed up MG42 machine gun stuck on a steadicam mount. This mount, which in reality connects a hand-held cine-camera to the operators body to stabilize it, made for some very cool action scenes and has now apparently inspired a real-life counterpart.
Mechanical engineer Dan Baechle has come up with a more advanced, more articulated, militarized version of the steadicam mount that can take the weight of a weapon off a soldier's arms. Third Arm is an unpowered, articulated frame made of composite materials that helps to distribute the weapon's weight while allowing enough range of motion to be practical on the battlefield.
"We've actually tested it with the M249 and M240B machines guns," says Baechle. "The M240B weighs 27 lb (12.2 kg), and we were able to show that you can take the weight of that weapon completely off of the soldiers' arms."
According to Baechle, the Third Arm is still in the early prototype stage and is undergoing a number of changes as feedback from users comes in. Recently, the rig was worn by a sergeant with an M4 type weapon. The latest iteration allowed him to aim the weapon with greater accuracy and dive into a prone position from a sprint.
The Third Arm is part of the Army's modernization program that includes a greater interest in exoskeletons that improve soldiers' load-bearing, shooting, movement, communications, protection, and sustainment in the field with less fatigue. Third Arm has already been subject to live-fire trials and Baechle is working to improve the design and make it capable of carrying heavier weapons.
"It falls in line with the direction that the Army wants to be heading in the future," says Baechle. "We get comments from Soldiers who tell us different things about the way it feels on their body … about the way it redistributes the load. Some like it, some give us tips about the ways it could be improved, and we're using that input to improve the device and improve the design so that it not only works well, but it also feels good."
The video below discusses the Third Arm project.


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Flathead Area Mountain Bikers is building a pump track in Armory Park in Whitefish!! Armory Park is a public park that is free and open to the public. It's located in and managed by the City of Whitefish. You might be asking yourself, "What is a pump track?" A pump track is similar to a scaled down BMX track. The Armory Pump Track features rollers, small jumps, and banked turns. The general premise of a pump track is that riders can maintain speed and ride through the looped track without pedaling, propelling themselves through the track by shifting their body weight, or "pumping", throughout the track contours.
We have raised over $17,000 from our great community for this project thanks in large part to the Great Fish Community Challenge, and matching donors who gave to the Whitefish Community Foundation! Thank you to everyone who has donated - we appreciate your support! We also thank the City of Whitefish for providing the space in the City's Armory Park for this project and for allowing FAMB to donate this great all-ages play area to the community.
There's still time to donate directly to FAMB to support this project, and we're also happy to have volunteer helpers as we continue to build the track out - a pump track is pretty much always a "work in progress". If you own an excavation business and might be able to help us with machine time, clay fill, or landscaping materials, or just want to give back to this great community resource, please contact us! Ready? Set? Get pumped!!
FAMB thanks the Whitefish Community Foundation,
the Great Fish Community Challenge,
and so many donors who made the Armory Pump Track possible!
We also thank the City of Whitefish for making a portion
of the City's Armory Park available for construction of a pump track and for being a longstanding, supportive partner of FAMB!


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Exhibition programme
State & Government
Lawrence Abu Hamdan
Jennifer Nelson
Antonis Pittas
Eirini Vourloumis
… ×
National Museum of Contemporary Art, Athens (EMST)
Jennifer Nelson, Waste (Inheritance): A Public Negotiation with the Repressed, 2022. Work in progress. Courtesy of the artist. Photo: Anna Primou.
Antonis Pittas, jaune, geel, gelb, yellow—Acts of Modernism with Theo van Doesburg (detail), 2021/22. Courtesy of the artist and Annet Gelink Gallery, Amsterdam. Photo: Gert Jan van Rooij.
Eirini Vourloumis, Untitled, 2014–2022. Inkjet print on fine art paper, mounted on wood, 35 x 35 cm. Courtesy of the artist.
Andreas Vourloumis, Canary. Oil on wood, 45 x 35 cm. Private collection.
Liu Chuang, Bitcoin Mining and Field Recordings of Ethnic Minorities (still), 2018. Three-channel video installation, 6k, colour, 5.1 sound, 40:10 minutes. Commissioned for Cosmopolis #1.5: Enlarged Intelligence with the support of the Mao Jihong Arts Foundation. Courtesy of the artist and Antenna Space, Shanghai.
Lawrence Abu Hamdan, Walled Unwalled, 2018 (video still). Courtesy of the artist
June 16–October 30, 2022
Kallirrois Ave. & Amvr. Frantzi Street (former FIX Factory)
11743 Athens
Hours: Tuesday–Sunday 11am–7pm,
Thursday 11am–10pm
T +30 21 1101 9000
emst.secretariat@emst.gr
www.emst.gr
Facebook / Instagram / Twitter / YouTube / #EMST / #EMSTAthens
In addition to the flagship international exhibition Statecraft (and beyond), which explores the underlying mechanisms at work in the engineering of the nationstate, as we know it today, EMST, the National Museum of Contemporary Athens, is pleased to present four further exhibitions as part of its new artistic programme led by artistic director Katerina Gregos.
Eirini Vourloumis: In the Same Space, a photographic dialogue with the painter Andreas Vourloumis, curated by Stamatis Schizakis
In the Same Space is an artistic dialogue initiated by photographer Eirini Vourloumis with the oeuvre of her grandfather, the Greek painter Andreas Vourloumis. Vourloumis juxtaposes photos she shot with her mobile phone while wandering around Athens, with paintings, watercolours and drawings by Andreas Vourloumis depicting the city from half a century ago. Though the media are different, the process, a form of flânerie through the Greek capital, is the same. Two artists from different generations register the same city in different ways, revealing uncanny connections and surprising continuities. The exhibition creates a link between postwar and modern-day Athens, highlighting both the timelessness of the city and the changes that have defined the city as it is today. The exhibition is a personal tribute to Vourloumis senior, as well as a meditation on urban change and spaces or places that have been lost.
Antonis Pittas: jaune, geel, gelb, yellow—Acts of Modernism with Theo van Doesburg, curated by Daphne Vitali
jaune, geel, gelb, yellow pits the failure, collapse, and historicisation of the modernist ideals against the political backdrop of mass protest and the gilets jaunes movement in France. Antonis Pittas uses reflective yellow foil to recreate the silhouettes of the protesters, the police and their interactions during the protests. He sets these amidst selected drawings by Theo van Doesburg, the De Stijl movement founder and leading avant-garde figure, from the extensive holdings of the Centraal Museum, in Utrecht, van Doesburg's birthplace. Here, the project interacts with works within the collection at EMSΤ that specifically refer to political turmoil and protest in the 1960s and 1970s, when Greece was in the grip of a military dictatorship. Taking the defeat of modernism and its belief in progress as its point of departure, Pittas prompts us to consider different aspects of political discontent. This exhibition is part of a new programme at EMSΤ that invites contemporary artists to engage with the museum's collection.
Artist at Work: Jennifer Nelson: Waste (Inheritance)—A Public Negotiation with the Repressed, co-ordinated by Anna Mykoniati
For a year, Jennifer Nelson collected her family's packaging and material waste. The resulting accumulated volume and mass of this procedure is well beyond the artist's body size and weight. Until September, Nelson will be working in the museum, sculpting this discarded material into forms that can be worn on the body. Visitors are welcome to enter a temporary studio within the museum exhibition space to participate in the making of the work by crafting these materials, or simply to talk with the artist as she explores their lifecycles: a sheet of cling film, for instance, has an origin, a production-based energy cost and waste product of its own. It also has an environmental legacy, the cost of which is usually left for a future reckoning. Nelson argues that these materials are a collective sculpture that can only be judged when we look at the implications of the material across its full lifecycle.
Lawrence Abu Hamdan: Sonic Detective
Beirut-based artist Lawrence Abu Hamdan is a "private ear" whose audio-visual installations, videos, performances, photography, essays and lectures explore the political effects of listening, through the use of various kinds of audio to examine its effects on human rights and law. Abu Hamdan's research-based practice bridges sound and politics and his audio investigations have been used as evidence at the UK Asylum and Immigration Tribunal and for advocacy purposes by organisations such as Amnesty International. At EMSΤ he presents two film works that probe issues such as contested borders, citizenship and freedom of movement. This is Abu Hamdan's first solo presentation in Greece.
Statecraft (and beyond), curated by Katerina Gregos
Statecraft is an international group exhibition that explores the underlying mechanisms at work in the engineering of the nationstate, as we know it today. Read more here.
These exhibitions are complemented by the site-specific project Amazonios, which offers an introduction to some of the unseen views of the city and takes place in the former house and studio of artists Nikos Kessanlis and Chryssa Romanos, in Polydroso a neighbourhood in the northern suburbs of Athens.
The launch of the new artistic programme coincides with a renewed mission and a new collection policy for EMST, as well as a commitment to fair pay for artists. Read more here.
Founded in 2000, EMST holds the national collection of contemporary art and is located in the former FIX Brewery, in the heart of Athens. In addition to a series of temporary exhibitions, it also currently presents a selection of over 170 works from its collection, highlighting the work of 78 artists from Greece and further afield.
EMST is funded by the Hellenic Ministry of Culture & Sports.
International: Amanda Kelly, Pickles PR
National: Kassiani Benou, EMST
RSVP for Exhibition programme
National Museum of Contemporary Art, Athens (EMST) will be in touch.


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Injuries: Shane Ray hurts knee; Watkins hurts ankle
By Around the NFL staff NFL.com
Updated: Oct. 19, 2015 at 09:40 a.m.
Already missing DeMarcus Ware, the Denver Broncos' defense suffered an additional blow Sunday.
Linebacker Shane Ray suffered what's believed to be a right MCL sprain early in the second quarter of Denver's over the Cleveland Browns, a source with knowledge of the injury told NFL Media Insider Ian Rapoport. Ray is expected to miss four to six weeks, but he's scheduled to undergo an MRI to confirm the initial diagnosis.
Ray was helped off the field by two trainers and later carted to the locker room. He was ruled out for the remainder of the game.
Here's the rest of Sunday's injury news:
1. Steelers quarterback Mike Vick suffered a hamstring injury and didn't return. Landry Jones finished the game at quarterback.
2. Rapoport reported that Bills second-year wideout Sammy Watkins suffered a sprained ankle near the end of the first half against the Bengals and was seen on crutches via CBS cameras outside the locker room as the second half began. He was ruled out for the remainder of the game. Watkins made the trip to London for this weekend's game against Jacksonville, but was seen in a walking boot and crutches Monday morning.
3. Steelers left tackle Kelvin Beachum suffered an ACL tear against the Cardinals, coach Mike Tomlin said.
4. Marcus Mariota suffered a knee injury during the Titans' loss to the Dolphins, but only missed one play. He is scheduled to undergo an X-ray on his knee, coach Ken Whisenhunt said after the game.
5. Chargers wide receiver Keenan Allen (hip) did not return versus the Packers.
6. Redskins backup running back Chris Thompson suffered a lower back injury and didn't return. Thompson was to be leaned on a bit more with Matt Jones ruled out prior to the game against the Jets.
7. Emmanuel Sanders left the Broncos' game with an apparent injury. He played an additional snap and then left the field.
8. Packers wide receiver Ty Montgomery suffered an ankle injury during the first half against the Chargers and was out for the remainder of the game. The X-ray on Montgomery's ankle came back negative, a source told NFL Media's Rand Getlin.
9. Bills offensive tackle Seantrel Henderson went to the locker room with a head injury. He didn't return.
10. Lions running back Zach Zenner suffered a chest injury against the Bears and he was later ruled out. Jason Jones has a neck injury and did not return.
11. Browns tight end Rob Housler left the game against the Broncos with a hamstring injury and did not return.
12. Titans center Brian Schwenke left the game with a leg injury and did not return.
13. Bills wideout Marquise Goodwin suffered a rib injury and didn't return against the Bengals.
14. Cardinals tight end Darren Fells suffered a left shoulder injury against the Steelers and was out the rest of the game.
15. Jets running back Bilal Powell injured his ankle and did not return against the Redskins.
16. Chiefs defensive end Mike DeVito left the game against the Vikings with a concussion and did not return.
17. Ravens running back Justin Forsett is active despite an ankle injury.
18. Manti Te'o and Stevie Johnson are inactive for the Chargers.
19. Packers wideout Davante Adams is inactive against the Chargers.
20. Bills defensive tackle Kyle Williams was carted off in the fourth quarter against the Bengals. He did not return
21. Patriots guard Marcus Cannon injured his toe on Sunday night and didn't return. On the defensive end, Jabaal Sheard injured his ankle.
The Patriots also lost special teams ace Matthew Slater. Slater injured his leg in the fourth quarter and did not return.
22. Colts safety Mike Adams injured his hamstring and did not return. Rob Gronkowski caught his first two passes of the game as soon as Adams was out.
Wake up and watch with the world. The NFL is live on Yahoo. For the first time ever the NFL is streaming a live game on Yahoo. Bills vs. Jaguars live from London, Sunday October 25th 9:30 am ET.
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No Scheduled Workout today – Rest & Recovery Day.
Complete volunteer work for school at computer.
2:20 -2:45 pm – leave to pick up my daughter from her play date and return home.
4:40 – 5:30 pm – Walk our younger 'old' dog Ruby (10 year old Ridgeback) with my daughter, jogging and walking quickly through trails and bog.
9:00 – 10:30 pm – Work at computer, input 3 days of log.
10:45 pm – Shut down for the night. No evening stretches.


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Black Women Had to Fight for the Right to Vote on Two Fronts
They were suffragists combating both racism and sexism long after the 19th Amendment was passed
by Sarah Elizabeth Adler, AARP, February 28, 2020 | Comments: 0
Corbis Historical/Chicago History Museum/Getty
Mary Church Terrell (left) and Ida B. Wells.
En español | On a November afternoon last year in Baltimore, the otherwise ordinary-looking homes at 1532 and 1534 Druid Hill Ave. secured their place in suffrage history.
That day, a commemorative highway marker was unveiled to honor Augusta T. Chissell and Margaret Gregory Hawkins, next-door neighbors who hosted suffrage club meetings in their living rooms in 1915 and 1916 at a time when the national fight for women's suffrage was well underway.
"What we're trying to share with people of all ages, young and old, is that we're still standing on these shoulders," says Executive Director Diana M. Bailey of the Maryland Women's Heritage Center, which sponsored the tribute — the latest in a series of markers honoring the state's suffrage history.
Courtesy of Mark Young
Augusta T. Chissell
As the 100th anniversary of the ratification of the 19th Amendment nears, scholars and historians say recognizing the contributions of black suffragists like Chissell and Hawkins remains more important than ever.
'Tenacious is not a strong enough word'
Honoring black suffragists means first acknowledging how they were sidelined from the mainstream suffrage movement, whose leaders feared alienating white women and losing support in the South, says Ida Jones, a university archivist at Morgan State University in Baltimore.
Sometimes, the discrimination was overt, as when organizers of the 1913 women's suffrage parade in Washington, D.C., ordered black participants to march at the end. At other times, it was more subtle: The National American Woman Suffrage Association, formed in 1890, declined to include black women or suffrage groups in its ranks.
That exclusion spurred the formation of separate organizations such as the National Association of Colored Women, founded in 1896 in the nation's capital. Prominent black suffragists such as Mary Church Terrell, who was born to former slaves in 1864, led the group and also went on to help found the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in 1909 in New York City.
Leaders like Terrell "didn't ask for a place in the suffrage movement. They took their place in the movement in a variety of ways," says Jinx Broussard, a professor at Louisiana State University in Baton Rouge and author of Giving a Voice to the Voiceless: Four Pioneering Black Women Journalists. "Tenacious is not a strong enough word for them."
Facing what Broussard calls the "double bind of racism and sexism," black suffragists participated in the movement through whatever means were available to them, particularly journalism and the black press.
MPI/Getty Images
Sojourner Truth (1797-1883)
Key dates for black suffragists
* May 29, 1851: Abolitionist and former slave Sojourner Truth speaks to a Women's Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio, giving a speech later known as "Ain't I a Woman."
* May 10, 1866: Abolitionist and poet Frances Ellen Watkins Harper speaks at the 11th National Women's Rights Convention in New York City.
* May 1866: The American Equal Rights Association is formed when the National Women's Rights Convention and American Anti-Slavery Society merge. The group dissolves about four years later amid continuing disagreements about prioritizing race or gender in the fight for voting rights.
* July 1896: National Association of Colored Women is founded. The group endorses women's suffrage in 1912.
* Aug. 18, 1920: Tennessee becomes the 36th state to ratify the Constitution's 19th Amendment, which guarantees a woman's right to vote.
* Aug. 6, 1965: President Lyndon Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act, which outlawed the discriminatory voting practices that many Southern states adopted after the Civil War to restrict black men and women from voting.
Ida B. Wells, a pioneering journalist and anti-lynching advocate, helped found Chicago's Alpha Suffrage Club in 1913, which helped register thousands of black women to vote through on-the-ground canvasing efforts.
"They used poetry," Broussard says. "They used speeches, events, lectures — every avenue that was available to place themselves in the movement and to secure the right to vote for their people."
Suffrage movement's antislavery roots
Historians also note an important difference between the motivation of white suffragists, who were working primarily with gender equality in mind, and black suffragists, who saw voting rights as a key part of racial equity and a means of uplifting their communities.
In fact, the roots of the suffrage movement can be traced to the abolition movement, whose champions called for gender equality alongside an end to slavery as early as the mid-19th century, when abolitionist Sojourner Truth delivered her historic "Ain't I a Woman" speech at the 1851 Women's Convention in Akron, Ohio. In 1866, the poet and abolitionist Frances Ellen Watkins Harper would deliver a rousing speech of her own at the National Women's Rights Convention in New York City.
"We are all bound up together in one great bundle of humanity," she said. "And society cannot trample on the weakest and feeblest of its members without receiving the curse in its own soul."
Black women still fight to vote after 1920
Despite the successes of the suffrage movement, obstacles remained even after 1920, says Jones, who was named after activist Ida B. Wells.
"When we look back at the 19th Amendment, even though it passed on paper, African American women were not allowed to exercise that freely," she says.
In much of the country, hurdles like poll taxes and literacy tests kept black voters disenfranchised until the passage of the 1965 Voting Rights Act, which outlawed discriminatory voting practices.
To this day, obstacles to voting persist, Jones says. And a new generation of politicians, such as Georgia's Stacey Abrams, have taken up the fight against voter suppression.
"African American women continued to fight for and advocate for the voiceless, the poor in the urban and rural areas, the uneducated, and the immigrant community," Jones says. "All of this is bound up into one big issue: true democracy."
More on Black Women's History
All-black, all-female WWII unit boosted morale by sorting mail
First woman — and African American — leads Library of Congress
Pressure to straighten hair linked to increased breast cancer risk


Today, the research area genome informatics is focussed on the analysis of the large sets of sequences (short reads) produced by novel sequencing technologies. The continuous spread of these technologies in many areas of the life sciences has led to a large number of novel applications. These in turn posed new scientific problems in data analysis and data integration. The Research Group for Genome Informatics develops and applies new algorithms and data structures as well as flexible software systems to solve some of these problems, mainly related to the assembly of short reads, as well as their efficient representation and retrieval. In addition, the group is concerned with developing methods for comparing the genomes assembled from the reads. In collaborations with life scientists, the groups works on the analysis of short reads sequenced from metagenomic probes.


For 4 people: 1 bunch watercress, 4 scallops, 1 knob butter, salt, pepper, 1 puff pastry, 1 raw egg yolk.
Cut off the largest stems of watercress then wash them and drain. Melt the butter over a low heat in a saucepan. Roughly chop the watercress, add to the pan and wilt for 15 mins. on a low heat. Add salt and pepper. If there is too much water with the watercress, drain in a sieve.
Cut the pastry into four equal-sized triangles. Place one scallop on each triangle. Add the wilted watercress then seal the pastry triangles by bringing the edges together and making purses. Brush each puff pastry purse with the raw egg yolk using a pastry brush. Lay some aluminium foil on an oven rack then place the pastry purses on top. Cook for 20-25 mins. in a moderately hot oven (Th 6).
Serve piping hot with a lamb's lettuce salad seasoned with balsamic vinegar dressing and garnished with some toasted flaked almonds.
Ideal with a dry white wine: Domaine de Serres 2014, Collection 1927 Vieilles Vignes, Languedoc-Roussillon, Cité de Carcassonne. Its spice, seasoning and white fruit aromas along with its vegetal nuances marry impeccably with the scallops, whilst its delicious, profound flavours, framed by freshness and its crisp finish work marvellously with the watercress. The perfect pairing!


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Tag Archives: Valerie Kelly
Seasoned business development professional joins Kitchell's healthcare practice
Valerie Kelly has joined Kitchell as Director of Client Services for the Healthcare Division. A 20-year veteran of the local construction and development community, Valerie was most recently with McCarthy Building Companies where she led business development efforts for the southwest region.
"Valerie's insights and experience will be invaluable as we look to parlay our vast healthcare industry experience into markets both inside and outside of Arizona," said Kitchell Vice President of healthcare marketing Dick Crowley.
Previously Kelly was Business Development Director for the Greater Phoenix Economic Council (GPEC), where she worked with high-level executive, political and local community leaders from both the private and public sectors. Prior to GPEC, she worked for four years as Marketing Manager for Evans Withycombe, the largest multi-family residential real estate developer in Arizona (now known as Equity Residential).
Kelly was instrumental in creating and launching the Central Arizona Society of Healthcare Engineering (CASHE) and served as a board member of the organization in 2009. In 2006, she received the 2006 Pinnacle Achievement Award for "exemplary leadership in construction sales and marketing." She is active in Valley Partnership, Urban Land Institute (ULI), Valley Forward (former board member), the National Association of Industrial and Office Properties (NAIOP) and the International Council of Shopping Centers (ICSC). Kelly studied English literature at UCLA and is a published writer whose articles have been featured in magazines including 'TEEN, Self and Ms.
| Tagged Arizona, Arizona construction, director of client services, healthcare division, Kitchell, Valerie Kelly
Let the games begin! Our #Kitchell So Cal team was
No doubt the new @valleywise_az tower is leaving its mark on the Phoenix landscape. #kitchellprogress #healthcare… https://t.co/rQJMFzXUJt 03:05:54 PM January 23, 2023 from Loomly


Missions takes place in many forms through Cross Roads. Below are just some of the wonderful opportunities through which we can make a difference in our community and beyond. Each Sunday worship service includes the "white bucket offering" alongside our regular giving opportunity. The white buckets are passed by the children and are used exclusively for mission ministries.
Our church family sponsors three Compassion Children each month. Click on the icon on the left to read more about Compassion at their website.
Sharing space with the Willmar Area Food Shelf and Community Closet Thrift Store, The Link provides an exchange for community goods, free laundry, and Internet access.
UMCOR is the United Methodist Church's umbrella mission organization. Through UMCOR, Cross Roads has a truly international outreach. Click on the UMCOR icon to look through their website.
Each November, our church connects with Kandiyohi Social Services to "adopt" several families to help make their Christmas experience a little less stressful. Donations of Christmas dinner supplies and requested gifts for each member of the adopted family.
We help to support Red Bird's children's outreach in the Appalachian mountains. Click on the Red Bird Mission icon to visit their website.
Cory and his wife, Ellie, work through the Center for Indian Ministries to reach out to the young people northern Minnesota. Click on the icon to the left to find out more about the Center for Indian Ministries on their website.
Family Promise is expanding into Kandiyohi County and our church has chosen to be a part of this wonderful outreach to those in need in our area.


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National Defense: Study: U.S. Energy Policy Fuels Global Insecurity
New research funded by the Defense Department concludes that U.S. laws that require fuel suppliers to blend corn-based ethanol with gasoline contribute to social instability and armed conflicts in the Middle East and Africa.
U.S. production of corn-based ethanol over the past six years — along with commodity trading speculation — has kept food prices artificially high, which has caused unrest in parts of the world that the Pentagon regards as strategic hotspots, contends a study by the New England Complex Systems Institute.
The use of food-based feedstocks in alternative fuels has been a hotly debated topic for years. Other experts have rejected NECSI's conclusion.
The study, first published in July, identifies U.S. government ethanol subsidies and mandates as the cause of soaring food prices that have led to civil unrest and violence in countries where Al-Qaida and other extremist groups look for safe havens. "While there have been several suggested origins of the food price increases," NECSI concludes, "We find the dominant ones to be investor speculation and ethanol production."
NECSI is an independent academic research and educational institution in Cambridge, Mass. Its investigation on the impact of food prices on global security was partly funded by U.S. military agencies, including the Office of Naval Research, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research and the Army Research Office.
Tags office+of+naval+research subsidies animal+feed other+voices new+england+complex+systems+insititue africa massachusetts middle+east national+defense defense+department al+qaida


AfriPeace (Development) Foundation was established in 1999 as a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting Africa-US relations through peace education and people –to- people/ cross-cultural exchanges, as well as youth leadership and community development.
AfriPeace (Development) Foundation was established in 1999 as a non-profit organization dedicated to promoting Africa-US relations through peace education and people –to- people/ cross-cultural exchanges,as well as youth leadership and community development. It is incorporated in the State of California and registered as a US tax exempt(501©(3) organization.
Support allied organizations and partners in promoting peace, nonviolence and justice in Africa and her Diaspora.
This past week at Sac State has prepared me to be unprepared for our trip. During the past few days, Pam and Predko have showed us how important trust and communication will be during the upcoming month. They have also showed us the inevitability of conflict and discomfort. Attending these seminars helped me to not only accept this, but they have also prepared me to handle any given situation in the most mature way possible.


We are coming down the final stretch. It is now less than a month until my wife and I will complete the New York Marathon. The journey has been amazing in so many ways. What we have achieved so far has been incredible. From a pair of Non-Runners back in November 2017, to having ticked off some major accomplishments along the way.
We have now run THREE half Marathons at the Gold Coast, Sunshine Coast and the Bayside Twilight Run, improving our time every time.
We have run five other major events of 10km and over.
Every weekend we do a "long run" of over 10 km. Planning to do a 30km this weekend October 13, as our final long run before the marathon.
The obstacles we have overcome along the journey.
I was off my feet for 2 weeks with painful plantar fasciitis.
Sharon has endured constant pain in her heel and achilles.
I am currently battling a dodgy knee, feeling weak and painful when moving sideways.
Nothing will stop us. We are smelling the finishing line, we are envisioning what it takes to get us through. Thank you for your support and we look forward to sharing the final weeks with you.
We are also using our experience to raise funds for Carters Cause who help and support the amazing work Heartkids Australia do.
YOU CAN HELP US BY CLICKING HERE.
Next articleThe Room Renovations Your Kids Will Love!


The Europeana Space MOOC aims to teach people how to creatively reuse cultural heritage content on open repositories such as Europeana. The MOOC is offered on the edX platform (KULeuvenX). It targets simultaneously 3 different audiences: the general interested public, having in mind in particular students and teachers, professionals from the Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museum sector (GLAM) and app developers.
The MOOC is in many ways breaking with tradition, in a sense "flipping the MOOC". First of all it is not based on university lectures, but on the contrary is accepted as part of the university course curriculum. Second, it is based on research in a large best practice network where not only universities but also software companies, creative industries, libraries, archives and museums participate. Third, it involves practical activities in which the students are actually stimulated to use the tools that have been developed in the Best Practice Network. In this way, the MOOC makes a shortcut link between academia and the stakeholder field.
The MOOC contains 8 Modules: an introduction to the general concept, a Module on Photography, on Open and Hybrid Publishing, on TV, on Dance and Museums, and finally two modules giving context, the IP for the Cultural Entrepeneur module and the Creative Marketing Module.
The Modules have been developed in an EC Funded CIP Best Practice Network, where for each different domain, e.g. photography or dance, a complete cycle was realized, from concepts to demonstrators over hackathons to business model workshops and monetization, whit the aim to make new startup companies with innovative apps reusing cultural heritage contents. This has actually lead to the launch of several new companies.
The innovative approach and success of the hackathons lead us to believe we should share the insights gained with education, and for this the MOOC was developed and launched in October 2016. About 100 participants followed this MOOC, which was self-paced. Credits could be obtained if a sufficient number of modules was completed. The MOOC got a good response and an exit survey showed that students highly appreciated the innovative format and quality of the contents, but above all the experience to learn in a well balanced mix of students, some being amateurs, others professionals. The fact that newly developed tools to remix cultural content were used in the assignments was greeted with enthusiasm.
In this paper we will present the key concepts behind this MOOCs, the learning results achieved and also the lessons learned on how this flipped MOOC concept is best deployed. We will highlight the challenges of offering materials to 3 distinct audiences concurrently and how to stimulate exchange between very different learner groups. We will also elaborate on the value of the hackathon formula which was the basis of the best practice network.
keywords: mooc, creative industries, europeana, oer.
F. Truyen, S. Taes, C. Colangelo (2017) THE EUROPEANA SPACE MOOC: CREATIVE WITH DIGITAL HERITAGE, EDULEARN17 Proceedings, p. 4917.


This old pewter ice cream mold is President Washington standing dressed in his uniform. The mold was made by S & Co., New York marked with the manufacturers' name and number. The mold retains the original steel hinge pin.


Who is the stranger? Mostly we think of people we don't know, those new to us, as strangers. But the stranger is also myself when I do something out of character; I say 'that's not me.' How do you encounter what's unfamiliar where you find it? Fear? Curiousity? In this series, use writing to explore coming up against the other who is both within and without, and saying hello.