I made a presentation yesterday to Mr.Subramanya (BBMP Commisioner) at his office about the single bus lane idea. He was quite interested and said he would discuss with his committee and revert. He also agreed very well that the solution was not to build or widen more roads or flyovers. He also mentioned some problems that are being faced with the underpasses construction on Bellary road - the actual costs were much higher than anticipated because numerous problems had cropped up - conduits for sewerage, water, telephone, electricity, etc that were marked incorrectly on admittedly very old drawings that now need to be re-aligned !
The real issue with traffic is that these umpteen measures when implemented actually worsen things - I prefer to call flyover construction or privatization of bus services as short term or stop-gap. The numerous flyovers - have they improved things? If they have for traffic movement, then they have also induced more traffic & bred a new cult of 'trigger' happy drivers, honking away & breaking rules with impunity in their care-a-dam attitudes, increasing alarmingly in nos. as the days pass.
Will privatization of bus services solve all problems? Though it might seem more efficient initially, in the long run, it will breed a new cult of similar drivers with even larger machines since profits will be linked to quicker services, and quicker services will be dependent on the traffic situation in a vicious cycle.
What is the solution? Everybody talks of improvement in public transport, but where & how will it 'localize' traffic to manageable levels, given that their quality & efficiency is dependent on traffic conditions? Today, traffic is a nightmare as there is no 'local' traffic - vehicles ply from one end of the city to the other end, all across & use all available roads.
As I have advocated all along, I very strongly believe that unless bus (be it private or public) is prioritized with lanes - and buses combine with the Metro to offer a better option to get from one end to the other end of Bangalore in quicker time, in more comfort, and at lesser cost - nothing will change.
Only if initiatives that address this are unleashed (& addressing this is not easy) will things come to order as they would sound the death knell for the 2-wheeler, the auto, the SUVs, the mini-buses, the cars. Till then, let's buckle up & drive, & hope we arrive safe !
The BJP candidate from Malleswaram, Dr C N Ashwath Narayan, told me that nearly 4000 buses use the Malleswaram circle corridor (now an underpass) everyday. I suggested to him having a dedicated bus line starting from Malleswaram circle till Navrang circle and further, streching all the way on Mahakavi Kuvempu Road.
There is space for a BRT corridor on either sides of the road. This will provide a huge incentive for people who use two wheelers, cars to shift to public transport.
BRT can be easily implemented on 1 way roads which Bangalore is filled with. We have to identify these wide one way roads.
Fantastic presentation. The concept of a smallish circular route is an interesting one and can be used elsewhere - that needs only one lane instead of two.
you are possibly basing it on the BLUELINE kind of experience of Delhi, or even the private operators in cities like Kochi or even parts of South Kanara.
Now, if you notice the UP Transport Dept ad, it has stated that they will entertain only operators with a minimum of a 4,000 vehicle fleet. Apparently, they have have read the situation correctly, and incorporated this clause deliberately in order to eliminate the small-time players altogether and to attract the professional Corporate sector players simultaneously. In as critical an infrastructure sector as public bus transport services, I wouldn't fault them for this, because I think it is in overall public interest. I would also liked to have provided for this in my 'policy paper', but I chose to be a little more 'politically correct', since I am generally surrounded by a lot many Socialists ( I am not talking of PRAJA). But, Mayawati can't be bothered with such considerations, and has gone ahead and done what she thought was right (not that she does that always). When big players like say TVS or TATAs come on to the scene, being as they are a lot more conscious of their public image, you can be sure they will play the game according to rule (particularly if they do not have to face unhealthy competition from pesky small-timers), and if the rules do not suit them, they will lobby to have them amended. And, that's where the regulator (and PRAJA) comes in, to provide the balance.
There are enough examples at least of private power distribution companies that I can readily think of - BSES (now Reliance), Ahmedabad Electricity Co, Surat Electrcity Co, who have done a far more decent job than government service providers, even in monopoly situations, and even before the concept of regulation took root.
So, I continue wedded to my 'policy paper', but now modified along the UP model in respect of the kind of players (to make policing easier, in addition), and with that, London model of lane marking (as propounded by Dr ASJ).
long now, with no certainty of any changes.
ELRTS project after so much of study & planning.
a cash cow with handsome profits.
effects very large sections of the commuting public within the city.
state - a tall order indeed.
Nice presentation and good thoughts.
There certainly is an initial investment, but a fraction of the cost of Metro's and other expensive solutions. But it will need a political will to be able to implement such a cost-effective system.
And if implemented this can become a self feeding system. As buses will be able to move faster than the other un-segregated traffic more people will be pulled towards using buses and as a result of the good volumes more buses can be added and profitability improved.
There also would be a need to have higher capacity buses (read double deck buses). So that we can make much better use of the exclusive road space available. And also the need for good quality buses so people from all different spectrums can start using buses with ease.
The next step, after a phase 1 of such a project can see good response would be to discourage the purchase/use of private vehicles (cars, not bikes) so that seeing the vacant roads (because many people would have moved to using buses) do not feel tempted to buy more cars and we have a bad situation again.
Good Suggestions Naveen. Hope BMTC, BBMP and other stake holders would consider this.
I think, BBMP and BMTC could break even for the investment made for this in couple of years by providing ample space for advertisements. They can advertise in underpass, steel grills used for bus lanes and bus stops. They can also use this space to improve public awareness.
Few of my fellow Bangloreans might not agree to this idea, but i feel they should use this space for advertisements to generate more money so that entire cost to build such infrastructure would not be put on public through cess or taxes!
I feel that maintenance of a car is a bit headache. Everynow and then you have to wash it, atleast once in 2 days either you use it or not, spares are very expensive even for the cheapest car such as M800, very low fuel efficiency as compared to 2 wheelers, headache of dents and scratches, battery gets discharged if not used regularly, parking space at home or in front of home, expensive insurance as high as 8,000 for M800 itself every year, cannot push the car if it breaks down like 2 wheelers atleast to the side of the road, etc. etc..
It is so comfortable to travel in public transport if it is fully improved. No headache of scratch or dent, it is owned by bus company, at the insurance cost of your car per month you can buy a bus pass for that month. Advantages are many. This can become even better if we have dedicated bus lanes. Bus users can do a 'Tata' to car users struck in traffic on the motor lanes.
Treat dedicated lanes as private roads?
Critical pieces are these dedicated lanes, how they get built and maintained needs the most thinking and creativity.
there are three areas of operation here, in the order of importance.
How and whether to end BMTC's monopoly BMTC comes next, what is more important is that #1 and #2 and #3 be handed out to separate set of players. Neither BMTC, nor BBMP should build or operate the dedicated lanes. Think a company (lets say Bengaluru Bus Toll Gates Ltd) leasing land from BBMP (assuming all road real estate belongs to BBMP). That company then builds, operates and maintains these segregated lanes. This company would make money by charging users of dedicated lanes a usage fee. They could make money by running ads along their 'airspace' as well.
The thing we dont realize is that BMTC gets to use an important public asset - roads. Today, operating roads is joint responsibility of multiple bodies (BBMP, BDA, Traffic Police, BMRDA depending on the location, situation and type of operation). We dont want to leave dedicated lanes like that, or in the hands of a pure-public entity. One benefit is that BBMP/BMTC don't have to incur the huge one time expenses of building or carving out these lanes. Second, treating dedicated lanes as semi-private asset (basically usage-based fee model, as opposed to life-time tax or taken-for-granted model) will help make BRTS viable over time.
As for areas of operation #2 and #3 (refer the list of three above), we have discussed them well elsewhere on this website.
Good presentation! I think now we should look at lessons learnt from past. They experimented a dedicated bus lane from Palace guttahalli to Hebbal a few years back and later scrapped as it was a failure. What are the lessons we can learn from that? What went wrong and what went right? I think it would be next step to extract this from BMTC/traffic police folks.
Navshot - The experiments with bus lanes in bangalore so far have been without any investment or alteration of infrastructure to support & sustain it. Such an experiment is doomed to failure as traffic conflicts will occur & keep increasing with rise in vehicle volumes. Wherever lane conflicts occur, typically at intersections, the bus lane must be grade separated. With these magic boxes, arranging these is easier than casting an overpass or building an underpass at site. Throughout the length of a bus lane, from end to end, it must be ensured that all possible & potential conflict points are grade separated & taken care of. Hence, the need for so many of these as there are a very large no. of intersections, even on arterial roads. This is the reason why bus services are poor & cant get you to your destination in time, & people opt out & travel in private vehicles, since they are more nimble & can manoever quicker than buses.
SB - your post abt managing bus lanes & rolling stock - important questions there. I think only one bus operator must be permitted to operate in each corridor. Thus, if there are six corridors, a maximum of six operators should be allowed (one for each). This is because if two or more operate on the same route, they are bound to compete for buisness & safety concerns can arise.
Infrastructure development & maintenance can be leased out to private parties in exchange for advertising rights, etc. as you mentioned - maybe such a model can work.
better than Delhi - but, that's all!
ELRTS was long before the economy had actually opened up. Those days the Indian Corporates didn't have the kind of muscle they have today to take up such challenges. Today, on the other hand, Indian corporates are ready to take on even Metro projects - in Mumbai, one such job is being taken up by one of the Ambani groups. And, the aam aadmi has also evolved, and is today prepared to pay a decent price for value received.
Raj Travels are in the same category as our own SRS, VRL, Sharma, Kallada, etc, and I suspect they all are not licensed properly for carrying on their kind of operations. Either the licence fee levels have deliberately been fixed very high by the babu's, in the name of revenue considerations, or they will have these categorised as government monopoly domains. They will then find loop-holes for the operators, and those willing to play ball, get into business, the others stay out. That's precisely why the image conscious TATA's and TVS's have kept their distance from such operations.
Opening up of the services to the private sector, I agree, could face some resistance. But, if my understanding is right, the resistance is slowly weakening. If Mayawati succeeds, even if partially, that will be a major break-through.
Whatever, the dedicated lane system you have proposed is certainly far better than what Delhi has worked out. But, in places like the IRR between Koramangala and Indiranagar, if two middle lanes are taken up by your dedicated lanes, my wife will certainly have to abandon her car for her daily commute to Indiranagar. Atleast, if there are decent shuttle services provided by Muralidhar Rao Associates P Ltd, at both ends, you may survive. Otherwise, you are in deep trouble, man!
a comment in common to multiple threads. The vision for TBS should be resolved first. one system trying to do both long and short hauls is going to fail the city. navshot's data, CCTF reports, CTTF, metro TS, personal experiences etc are all shouting that bangalore's TBS has to reinvent itself as a viable transport option for short haul(<9kms). It has to address the 45% of bangalore's short haul trips that is not addressed at any respectable levels by existing TBS. for example, the average trip length in mumbai is 22kms. the average trip length of BEST buses is 5-6kms. murali-raayru has been taking of intra nagar services for a while now. apart from intra nagar, perhaps inter nagar to adjacent nagars is the way to go. the point is keep the hauls short. so that you can meet frequency requirements that are crucial for short haul. otherwise you will lose short haul passengers. if we agree that TBS should reinvent itself as a short haul carrier, then, the next step is to see how the TBS can be organized to achieve that vision of TBS as a short haul carrier. perhaps koramangala is best served by murali metro. This leads directly to long haul. since around 54% of all bangalore's trips are long haul and buses carry about 70% of these trips, we need to find better and more efficient ways of doing long haul. this is where ideas for long haul that naveen, vasanth, blrsri etc have been talking about come in. it is crucially important to be able to do traffic properly. lanes, enforcement, driver behaviour etc etc- the fundamentals - they need to be addressed, for sure, but it is does not follow that efficency in one, design improvements to optimize traffic will have to comprehensive for it to be meaningful. even if you decide fix only the major arteries, you have to re-do all junctions including the small ones. these all translate to money and time. though the biggest challenge is driver behavior. sure, bangalore's drivers are not exactly the world's best, but 'erratic maneavers' are a universal phenomena. that is why there are papers show that while 2 lanes can do 4p pcus, 3 lanes can only do 5.5p pcus. in some countries with excellent driving discipline, they still require truck drivers doing long haul to take mandatory breaks every 8 hrs despite all the disciplines. there is a psychological impact in doing long haul even if the roads are empty. doing it in traffic can only compound that impact. navshot's reports says variance is 5 minutes in the morning and about 10-15 minutes in the evening. if a person is doing these trips for 8 hours, his last trip has a variance of upto 80 minutes. can you imagine the stress of trying to meet deadlines with that? in any case, even if you spend every single paisa you have on driver re-education, there are no guarantees on how long before the driving conditions will improve to the levels that TBS can efficiently do long haul. infact, given the backgrounds of people with access to private vehicles, who come in everyday to the city and it is a hopelessly lost cause, though it has to addressed. bottom line, fundamentals , driver education, traffic, road design etc have to be addressed on their own merits. short and long haul pubT has to be addressed on its own merit. there is no reason to hold one hostage to another.
Mr.Murali - You say that yr wife may have to abandon her car - this is exactly what the purpose of dedicated lanes are - priority for public transport ! If employers provide pickups & drops from/to Metro & from/to BRT bus stops, traffic will start becoming localized & the same SUV does not have to make a full circuit from home to the office - most part of the commute must be made by public transport whilst the last mile connectivity should be by her employer's SUV. If this can be acheived, then congestion levels would drop & traffic can be managed better.
This would demand highly efficient bus management within the lanes as a single bus breakdown can effect services along the entire chain - maybe BMTC (if they operate within these lanes) will be taken to task if schedules are not met & services are poor - this may shake them up, & there might even be calls for roping in private parties !
Either way, we would be winners.
The option for car use is always there, subject to availability of public parking slots (which needs to be tightly controlled) & the (high ?) costs for public parking are met. With such restraints, traffic levels should start seeing a dip - & this is what the whole discussion is about, in the first place.
Proposals are excellent. We should quickly have an appointment with CTMO and Tripathy and you can present them with the idea along with BBMP officials. We should also have Mr. Srihari, who takes the major decisions along with if possible some BMRCL officials.
We should have a media tie up such as TV9 or ETV where we can express these ideas and give a demo for the same.
Somewhere we have to start with practical implementation of our ideas.
Failure of the BRT in Delhi was partly due to people entering the dedicated bus lane. What we need is a welded gates with locks all over. One traffic marshall should have the key for this. In case a bus fails, that traffic marshall need to open the gate to take out the bus out of the bus lane.
Last mile connectivity from BRT corridor / Metro /Mono stations can be accomplished with Shared Taxis / Autos. Merucabs and easycabs are operating for BIAL taxis. Their taxis will be on Mahindra Logan A/C platform and they charge around Rs. 15/km.
If they are given permissions to operate for last mile connectivity with sharing option with say 4 passengers with Rs 5/km per person and with individual meter for each person, it would be very economical as well as comfortable.
Even Nanos as shared taxi for 4 with A/C can be used for last mile connectivity. This is an indirect car pooling with driver. These kind of operators should be given controlled license to give last mile connectivity. They have the advantage of having a call centre. Our Autos are too unreliable. They will improve the service naturally. Since the initial investment for Nano is less, as well as it is highly fuel efficient, it can be as low as Rs. 3-4 per km.
Feedbus with common pass for Metro/Mono/BRTS will be the most economical way to go.
Welded gates with locks - the problem with locks will be many. They are breakable with hacksaw & if one lock is opened, the gate opens ! What about keys ? There will be too many & when you require the right key, it may not be traceable ! This is why I have suggested a bolted arrangement - the mounting flanges will have to be at ground level with foundation in deep concrete. Bolt heads will have to be of the socket type with say, a triangular head slot, like an allen key. These are not available & may need to be custom made. If each bus driver carries a key, this should work better as he will be able to open it at any point with this key & move his bus out in an emergency, such as a breakdown. Others cannot open it with ordinary tools such as spanners as the bolt heads will be sunken with only an unusually shaped slot showing below flange level & there is no way to open it without the tool.
Naveen - the organisation that my wife works for (Spastics Society of Karnataka) can barely manage to meet its current expenses. And, there are always far more important demands on them than catering to the needs of their staff.
And, the majority of the commuters are like her, and not the types who will have their employer arrange their pick up.
As such, quite as Tarle has also pointed out, short-haul shuttle services are the answer. It will have to be operated either by BMTC (the current monopoly), or by Muralidhar Rao associates.
Now, I had applied long ago for a licence to run an Intra-Koramangala service, which was later to be extended to adjoining Indiranagar, HSR layout, BTM layout, and one even to MG road/ Richmond Town. It was turned down by the government on the plea that this was a BMTC monopoly domain. If I understand correctly, the then Principal Secretary, Transport, GoK, even addressed a letter to BMTC asking them to consider oprating such a service. The BMTC started a trial operation also, right from our complex gate to Forum Mall, along a given circuit. But, they had no real stake in it, and after a few weeks, they declared it unviable, and closed it down.
So, if you are going to be pushing for this dedicated lane scheme, first ensure that Muralidhar Rao associates gets into business. Perhaps I will have you subscribe substantially to its equity. If you want a name change, no problem.
Muralidhar Rao Associates P Ltd.
Mr.Murali - really nice to know that yr wife works for spastics society, it's a great service.
If & when a BRT corridor runs on IRR, it will remove a lot of the SUVs, cars & mini-buses that are ferrying their employees to their offices, call centers, hotels, etc. from various parts of the city since employers will stop providing such services up to various areas including Koramangala. The attention for pickups & drop offs will shift to /from Metro stations & BRT stops as Metro /BRT would be comfortable, dependable & reliable transport services & employees will be expected to use them. When this happens, Muralidhar Rao associates will be able to operate without hindrance as much of the road would be freer, but the viability of the company would be in doubt as a BRT would be operating on the same road at probably lesser costs & moving faster thro' the underpasses ! So, I am not going to buy any equity in this company – I prefer to invest in Naveen Associates !!
Short-haul shuttle services will cater as feeder services to these BRT & Metro services since such services are expensive options & cannot be spread all over. BRT is an option on wider corridors that can supplement Metro & is preferable due to it's much lower cost & flexibility. Though short haul shuttle will have a role to play, it is not an answer to all the problems, but will help reduce congestion & get people to reach long-haul transport.
You mentioned about the intra-Koramangala service that was found non-viable – I am not surprised. Most if not all fragmented services will not be able to sustain themselves. As such running a service within koramangala or within Indiranagar without links to long-haul networks will not have many takers & it is pointless running such a service.
BRT is proven as a low-cost mass transport option & the routes I have chosen are such that there will be takers & will be feasible as roads are wide, & providing a lane is not difficult.
The shortest BRT route is in Majestic area, but here, it has been recommended because there will be a lot of people wanting to quickly commute between these various activity centers + it also connects with the Metro at two points – so, viability is not in question.
The grid route services recommended by the CCTF (and feeder services to service the grid routes) is already there before the BMTC management. Since Bangalore already has a one-way system in most of the central districts, the one-lane BRT can possibly be incorporated into the grid system readily. But, I am apprehensive about the various kinds of problems that the maze of underpasses and overpasses that it will call for. As such, I'll still root for Dr ASJ's London model, and more professional bus operations.
The intra-nagar/ inter-adjoining-nagar shuttle services need not be unviable. There's a tremendous demand, and if catered to properly, they can very much become viable. BMTC declaring them unviable proves just one thing - that they never had a stake in it even to begin with.
Further, when there's a great demand, and it's sought to be met sincerely, but it is faced with a viability problem, obviously there are artificialities coming in the way, and I would consider it the government's duty to remove them. And, the citizen's duty to demand that!
The grid route system under CCTF is another great idea.
We only suggest - the decision by them will be subject to faesibility reports & only then will they opt for the best & most practicable solutions.
Your apprehensions add to mine - the no. of underpasses are too many, but if they get several private parties to do it in widely spread out spots, the disruption can be managed better, I guess. Even if some are ready whilst others are still under construction on a particular route, the disruption will not be excessively great as only one lane in the middle (or a wider divider) gets taken away & traffic can still move past it.
For intra-nagar /inter-adjoining-nagar shuttle services, if there are further links to other parts of the city at least from one side, it might work, but my point is that if they are fragmented & not connected to other bus or metro routes, it will fail mostly as bus loads of people within a nagar or between two adjacent nagars all day will not be there & the route may not be viable. During peak hours, this might work in some areas, but they need to be painstakingly identified. Someone had made a post quoting Hasiru-Usiru's interaction with CTMO in which he had stated that koramangala services were unviable.
I did not follow yr comment below on artificialities - cud you explain further ?
its is a very good presentation and very good thread to read through. I had read about dedicated bus lanes in prajavani more than 3 years ago. but nothing has happened in practical. Naveen do you have any updates on any actions taken by the Govt on this idea.
Hi, BRT is on the backfoot now as there were several problems with it in Delhi & Pune, since they merely copied existing systems overseas & discovered that it does'nt quite work in a similar way here, in this country. However, my bet is that this will be the one mass transit option that will be used widely in India as we need low-cost options for the hundreds of millions of people who are below poverty line, & who will be migrating to cities in large nos. in the near future. If we find ways to make it fool-proof & functional & suit it to our requirements, this would be the best option. Please also read through the blog "CTTP Review – Further Comments & Inputs", in which I have tried to elaborate further.
I have one suggestion which could help to replace the huge cost of building Metro Rail service in Bangalore by improving the concept of dedicate Bus lane service.
Recently BMTC has introduced the electric VOLVO service for ITPL route.We may utilize this electric engine of the volvo buses more effectivly with the below approach (we may take help from TATA,MAHINDRA,ASHOK LEYLAND for this approach).
Other than running the electric buses on charged battery, we can build dedicated lane for buses with electric overhead wire services. It's similar like train overhead electric wires from which the buses will get the electricity supply for running it's motor/engine. So, we don't have to run the buses on battery backup and can directly get the supply of elelctricity continuously from the overhead wire.
I think our Indian manufacturer can easily modify the engine of the buses to run directly from the supplied electricity.So, the cost is expected to be less compare to present VOLVO electric buses which needs to charge for atleast six hours for functioning.As the oil engine is no longer be used the weight of the buses could be less.
I have one more suggestion,if we can reduce the width of the present buses and make it double connector (like two compartment bus) to accomodate same number of passesgers then the space required for the dedicated road for this electric supplied buses will be less.We can easily biuld it on the existing road or by slightly widening the road.
As the width of this buses are less, we can build fly over in junction specific to this buses very easily with low cost and faster. As a current resident of Kundanhalli,I am expecting a fly over at graphite India signal and kundanhalli gate signal for this approach.
Could you please check and discuss it with the concern BMTC person and request them to check it with Indian manufacturer like Tata,Mahindra,Ashok Leyland for this new model of buses (this buses will have the existing robber tyre,only change is the electric engine which can run directly from the over head electric wire supply)?
It could be brand India for Bangalore to introduce green energy buses to the world.
I am expecting your feedback on my idea and it can be negative also. It will atleast encourage us to work with BMTC to make it much more better organization.


Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) include both the traffic stream control and the intelligent vehicles. Cell phone networks and global positioning systems (GPS) enable the use of geographical information (GI) so that individual vehicles can locate themselves and global transportation systems can be enhanced taking advantages of new information technology solutions and algorithms. One of the major parts of ITS research is the assignment, routing and scheduling of vehicles in global transportation processes. This paper proposes an integrated engineering optimization algorithm to support the solution of assignment and scheduling problems of vehicles in intelligent transportation systems. This novel approach combines the available hardware and software components of an ITS with an algorithm to optimize the transportation processes of a global supply chain. To gain insight into the complexity of the logistic problem, the new model of supply chain including ITS is also described.
The described study was carried out as part of the EFOP-3.6.1-16-00011 "Younger and Renewing University—Innovative Knowledge City—institutional development of the University of Miskolc aiming at intelligent specialisation" project implemented in the framework of the Szechenyi 2020 program. The realization of this project is supported by the European Union, co-financed by the European Social Fund.


On October 4, we celebrate Random Acts of Poetry Day.
Poets everywhere will write poems on sidewalks, blackboards, and whiteboards. They will pin poems on bulletin boards wherever they are found; and perhaps will distribute copies of poems in parks and on streets, buses, trains, and subways; and in restaurants, libraries, airports, shops, hotel lobbies, or any place encouraging public advertisements.
I offer four poems to random electronic readers to celebrate the day. Only one of the four I've selected is mine. The others are favorites, some of which I've mentioned in this blog earlier.
"True," said the high man.
a) from The Inner City Mother Goose. 3rd Edition. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1996, p. 15.
b) From America at War. Edited by Lee Bennett Hopkins. New York: Margaret K. McElderry Books, a division of Simon & Schuster Children's Books, 2008, p.67.
And snarling at her upstream cruise.
Luring my legs to her ways.
d) From 100 Selected Poems by e. e. cummings. New York: Grove Press First Evergreen Edition, 1959, Poem 95, page 114.
This entry was posted on Tuesday, October 3rd, 2017 at 10:30 pm	and is filed under Uncategorized. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.


Spanish and European architectural styles often reflect a laidback and warm life. The presence, for example, of courtyards in many Mexican style homes not only makes the style elegant but also relaxing. Mexican haciendas combine design elements from native and colonial traditions. The choice of colors usually suggests a more desert-like scheme, thus projecting warmth and dryness. Profuse use of terracotta adds to the warmth in the courtyard garden, as do vegetables and herbs planted in the garden. In this article, you will learn how to design your courtyard so that it will have a Mexican hacienda style.
Decide on where to locate your courtyard. Depending on factors such as personal preference or availability, you can choose to convert your front yard into a Mexican hacienda style courtyard. You can also choose one side of your house, or even the backyard.
Design your layout. Preparing a mood board or a rough sketch for your design often helps you figure out the optimal arrangement and locations of various elements that make up a Mexican-inspired hacienda-style courtyard. For example, one of the most important decisions you will have to make concerns the location of the fountain, which is often the centerpiece of any Mexican hacienda courtyard. In your layout, decide where you wish to place seats, the fireplace, pathways, and plants. Visualizing your courtyard garden will also help you identify what improvements or renovations to make, as well as what equipment, fixtures, materials, and supplies you need to buy. You can buy most of these from home improvement stores. Remember to decide on what plants to include, as well.
Lay your flagstones. Dig holes in the ground for each slate. A depth of about 4 inches should suffice. The shape of the whole should be the same as the slate that you will lay on it. Fill the hole with sand and gravel up to 3 inches in depth, making sure that you tamper them in place. Place your slate on top of the sand and gravel. Fill the spaces and crevices with sand, then spray water on your pavement to firm up the tiles and soil. When you shop for tiles, choose clay or earthen colored ones, as they will make your courtyard more authentic-looking.
Fence in your courtyard with a low wall. You can use cinder blocks and stucco. You can also add a gate for the entrance to your courtyard. The gate can be made of wrought iron or wood. For night lighting, you can install light fixtures on both sides of the gate. Just make sure that the style, design, or finish of the light fixtures blend in with the rest of your other Mexican hacienda courtyard elements.
Install your fountain, fireplace, and benches. The fountain gives your courtyard its relaxing atmosphere. The sight of water in the midst of dryness is very refreshing. Install your fountain in a place of prominence. The fireplace is optional, but it also adds more authenticity to your Mexican style courtyard.
Add plants. Choose a variety of both flowering and non-flowering plants. An assortment of vegetables and herbs will go well in a Mexican hacienda courtyard. Include some potted plants. For best effect, use clay pots, especially those with hand-painted colors and designs.
With enough planning, effort, and a dose of creativity, you can easily convert your yard into a Mexican hacienda-style courtyard. Just keep in mind the tips discussed in this article to make your work easier.


Last week I made healthy zucchini pizzas, this week I made them even healthier! And vegan!
This version of the zucchini (courgette) pizzas has tomato sauce instead of red pesto and pine nuts instead of the mozzarella.
Check the original recipe here, and just replace the ingredients mentioned above for these easy vegan zucchini mini pizzas!


text:
BAMACOMP – HELP FOR INJURED WORKERS
WORKERS' COMPENSATION FOR ALABAMA WORKERS
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Workers' compensation is a creation of the Alabama legislature to provide certain benefits to injured workers for job-related injuries. When a worker?is injured on the job and qualifies for workers' compensation benefits,workers' compensation law almost always provides the exclusive remedy. In addition, the employer is almost always given immunity from claims other than workers' compensation claims. Sometimes, an injured worker will be able to bring other claims in addition to workers' compensation claims. Let me provide you with a free, no obligation evaluation of the facts of your situation and give you a legal opinion about your case.
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For more than 16 years, I have worked to level the playing field between injured workers and insurance companies. I had represented clients in many of Alabama's 67 counties and handed hundreds of workers' compensation cases. I have NEVER represented employers OR their insurance carriers in these cases. To further help you, I have authored The Injured Worker's Survival Guide: The Five Mistakes That Can Wreck Your Workers' Compensation Case.
"Almost every case presents unique issues and I work hard to make sure the issues are developed and presented in a way that is most favorable to the injured worker."
Law Offices of Morris, Cary, Andrews, Talmadge & Driggers, LLC
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Snakebitten at Work!
The small southeastern town of Opp, Alabama is known for its annual Rattlesnake Rodeo. Recently a worker in southwest Alabama was seriously injured after being bitten by a rattlesnake. Obviously rattlesnakes are dangerous. Does it benefit your employer if you try to remove a snake from your workplace? It depends.
Number 9: No recovery for psychological injuries- The top 10 list of things that should be changed about the Alabama's Workers' Compensation Act
The Top 10 List of things I'd like to see changed in the Workers' Compensation law (Continued)
By Tracy W. Cary, Alabama Workers' Compensation Attorney
In a previous blog, I listed Number 10, The table of scheduled members, which is a rather bizarre list of 34 body parts or combinations
Number 3: Now you see it, now you don't: wrongful termination claims - The top 10 list of things that should be changed about the Alabama's Workers' Compensation Act.
Alabama's retaliatory discharge statute, Ala. Code § 25-5-11.1 provides a protection for employees such that they may not be terminated in retaliation for their pursuit of workers' compensation benefits. For a number of years, the elements of a wrongful termination or retaliatory discharge claim required the injured employee to prove (1)
Beware of "Utilization Review!" But, Don't Let it Make You Give Up! By Tracy W. Cary
Liberty Mutual and other insurance companies that provide workers' compensation insurance coverage are taking a new approach in their attempt to make injured workers get frustrated and give up: it's called "utilization review." Don't Fall For It!
What they are saying is this: "We will pick the doctor we want
Alabama's retaliatory discharge statute, Ala. Code § 25-5-11.1 provides a protection for employees such that they may not be terminated in retaliation for their pursuit of workers' compensation benefits. For a number of years, the elements of a wrongful termination or retaliatory discharge claim required the injured employee to prove (1)…	Read More
News About the AMA Guides
Northeastern University Law School Dean Emily A. Spieler recently testified before Congress (Subcommittee on Workforce Protections Committee on Education and Labor) concerning the American Medical Association's (AMA) Guides to Permanent Impairment. Doctors in workers' compensation cases often use the AMA Guides to determine whether an injured worker has an impairment…	Read More
America's top 10 most dangerous jobs
By Leada Gore | lgore@al.com Think your job is tough? Just be glad it doesn't involve the word, "Timber!" New information from the Bureau of Labor Statistics shows the deadliest jobs in America in 2012. There were 4,383 fatal work injuries in America last year, down from 4,693 in 2011. Read More
The Top 10 List of things I'd like to see changed in the Workers' Compensation law (Continued) By Tracy W. Cary, Alabama Workers' Compensation Attorney In a previous blog, I listed Number 10, The table of scheduled members, which is a rather bizarre list of 34 body parts or combinations…	Read More
What if you went 28 years without a raise?! by Tracy W Cary
On July 1st of each year, the Alabama Commissioner of Labor determines the State's average weekly wage to used in relation to injuries occurring on the job on or after July 1 of that year. Subject to maximum and minimum rates, temporary total disability (TTD) benefits are paid to workers…	Read More
Former Virginia Governor and First Lady Convicted
"How are the mighty fallen" might be an appropriate way to describe the bizarre story of the former Virginia governor and his wife. Bob and Maureen McDonnell were convicted on numerous counts of public corruption involving gifts of expensive clothing, a Rolex watch, vacations, golf and cash. A federal jury…	Read More
No Socks No Justice
INDIANAPOLIS — An Indiana attorney who hates socks and has a habit of appearing in court with bare feet stuffed into his shoes faces possible sanctions if he shows up without them again in court.In a directive issued in an Aug. 26 court order, Blackford Circuit Judge Dean A. Young addresses…	Read More
Whiter Teeth? Depends on Who You Ask.
In an interesting story making news in Alabama, a lawsuit is challenging whether the Alabama Dental Practice Act is constitutional. The law says only a licensed dentist can offer teeth-whitening services. Read the story Read More
SEE ALL FAQS >>
When can my benefits be cut off?
Most of the time, the insurance company will stop your benefits when you reach maximum medical improvement. The idea is that when you are through with your treatment and you have recovered as much as you can, you should be able to return to work. Thus, your TTD benefits will…	Read More
What kind of cases do you handle?
This web site is devoted to Alabama workers' compensation claims. However, I am licensed to practice law in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Tennessee and the District of Columbia and my partners and I handle personal injury cases just about anywhere. We primarily focus our practice on helping people throughout the Southeastern…	Read More
How long can I receive medical treatment?
Probably the most valuable benefit to injured workers is the right to receive future medical care for the rest of your life as long as you are treated for the job-related condition by an authorized medical provider. Because this arrangement presents an unknown and potentially very expensive risk to the…	Read More
Do I really need a lawyer?
You definitely DO NOT need an attorney for every case. In fact, we may not accept a particular case and will advise you to proceed on your own. Why would we do this? Because, in many of these cases the system actually works and pays the benefits you are entitled…	Read More
How long can I receive workers' compensation benefits?
You will receive TTD benefits for as long as your treatment continues, that is, until you reach maximum medical improvement. In some cases, you can receive benefits after the date of MMI.	Read More
What happens to my benefits if I return to work?
Usually your workers' compensation benefits stop after you return to work. Af ter you reach maximum medical improvement, except for scheduled injuries as provided in Section 25-5-57(a)(3), when an injured worker returns to work at a wage equal to or greater than the worker's pre-injury wage, the worker's permanent partial…	Read More
Avvo.com - Legal. Easier. Avvo was founded in Seattle, Washington by tech-savvy lawyer Mark Britton to make legal easier and help people find a lawyer. Morris, Cary, Andrews, Talmadge & Driggers, LLC Our Dothan injury attorneys have recovered millions in damages, including one of the largest verdicts in the history of…	Read More
The Injured Worker's Survival Guide As a service to the public, victims of job-related accidents in Alabama can get this book for FREE!! (while supplies last). If you live outside of Alabama you can purchase this book at Amazon.com. Simply call, email us or use our online form today to…	Read More
Since 1994, Tracy W. Cary has worked exclusively for people who were injured or killed by companies or people who cause injury or death by violating safety rules that are designed to protect the public and make our lives safer. Tracy is passionately devoted to working for injured victims and he works hard to prevent insurance companies from unreasonably delaying or denying legitimate claims and to make them compensate injured victims fairly.
Tracy has been involved in obtaining numerous jury verdicts for his clients. His firm obtained one of the largest verdicts in Alabama history, a record $21 million jury verdict achieved in 2011. In addition, Tracy has represented hundreds of injured workers with workers' compensation claims and tried numerous cases all over the State. Whether handling a large case or a very small case, Tracy takes his mission very seriously and he is available for consultation toll free at 1-800-638-3665. No case is too large. No case is too small. Every case is important.
Tracy is licensed to practice law in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Tennessee and the District of Columbia. In addition, he has handled cases in Arizona, Kansas and Connecticut. Tracy practices in state and federal courts handling a variety of accident and injury claims including wrongful death cases, car wrecks, trucking accidents, motorcycle wrecks, workers' compensation claims, dog bite incidents, consumer fraud, Social Security disability claims, insurance bad faith claims and product defect claims.
Tracy co-founded the law firm of Morris, Cary, Andrews, Talmadge & Driggers in 1999. Each of the five lawyers in our law firm have similar interests. We are dedicated to our faith, our families and our firm.
Although Tracy focuses on all types of injury and accident claims, he also has chosen to focus on workers' compensation claims. Many times injured workers are among the most vulnerable of our society. Tracy has authored and published a consumer-rights book – The Injured Worker's Survival Guide -The Five Mistakes That Can Wreck Your Workers' Compensation Claim - and has also authored many articles and reports to help accident victims. He has created a website – www.bamacomp.com and blog, http://bamacompcom.blogspot.com exclusively devoted to job-related accidents. The firm website also contains valuable information, http://morriscaryandrews.com
Tracy earned his law degree in 1992 from the University of Alabama School of Law. He received his Bachelor's Degree from the University of Florida College of Journalism and Communications in 1985. Tracy served as a field artillery and JAG officer in the United States Army and the Alabama Army National Guard.
Tracy is married with four children. He is active in his church, Covenant United Methodist Church, and in his community. Tracy has been peer rated by other lawyers as having very high ethics rating, which denotes adherence to professional standards of conduct and ethics, reliability, diligence and other criteria relevant to the discharge of professional responsibilities. In legal abilities, his peers rated him very high.
3334 Ross Clark Circle
Dothan, AL 36303-3034
http://MorrisCaryAndrews.com
We will be in touch with you as quickly as possible!
Contact Disclaimer
We offer a free initial consultation to discuss your legal situation. Call us today at 1-800-638-3665 or 334-702-0000.
Your information is confidential and is not used or sold for marketing purposes. We accept no duty and no representation without a written contract setting forth terms of representation.
© 2009 - 2019 Tracy W. Cary
No representation is made that the quality of legal services to be performed is greater than the legal services performed by other lawyers.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Greek government proceeded to seek new loans from the international markets with a great fanfare. We should remind ourselves that this would not have been possible over the last 4 years, due to the explosion of the public debt. Of course the borrowing needs of the country did not cease , but the government was borrowing from a "troika" of creditors, the EU, the European Central Bank, and the IMF, committed to implementing new anti-people measures for the recovery of the profitability of the capitalists and the reduction of the price of labour power.
Consequently, the new borrowing from the international markets is characterized by the government as a "successful entrance to the markets which is the result of the sacrifices of the Greek people and must not be wasted". This argument was promoted systematically in this period by the pro-government propaganda centres. Basically there was an effort to instill the workers with the view that their torments are at an end, that with the capitalist recovery which is on the way they will live in prosperity and their sacrifices will be vindicated.
SYRIZA's criticism is harmless as it focuses on the interest rates of the loans, arguing that the government was hasty for electoral reasons and if it had waited the interest rates would have been lower.
In this way there is an effort to avoid the truth. And the truth is that the workers have made many heavy sacrifices, not only in the recent years of the economic crisis. It is worth remembering that the Greek capitalist economy was in a period of significant growth. The KKE then had stressed that the high capitalist growth rates in Greece, much higher than the Eurozone average, were accompanied by the deterioration of the position of the working class and popular strata through the downgrading of public health and education, Social security, due to the greater commercialization, and through the consequences for the workers'-people's income due to the privatization of energy, water etc. and the high cost of the Olympic projects. The intensity of the exploitation was highlighted by the unfavourable conditions regarding the working day and pay, with official unemployment being over 12% at that time.
These sacrifices increased the profits of Greek capital (which were supposed to be shared out fairly!), safeguarded the profitability of the monopoly groups, supported the effort of Greek capital to claim a better position in the Balkans and South East Mediterranean. These sacrifices did not prevent the outbreak of the capitalist economic crisis, precisely because the economic crisis was created by the high rate of growth and profitability.
The Greek people were subjected to even more sacrifices in the period 2009-2013 in order to advance the restructurings that, according to various representatives of capital and the bourgeois political parties, should have been implemented in the decade 1998-2008 but were delayed for various reasons. The workers have reached the lowest point in recent decades due to the crisis and its management which is aimed at bringing about the capitalist recovery. However, the sacrifices of the workers will continue due to the restructurings that have been promoted in the recent period and because any recovery will be accompanied by the maintenance of unemployment at high levels. The devaluation of the workers'-people's needs, the non-recovery of their incomes is inevitable. While, of course, it is always possible that the recovery will lead sooner or later to a new crisis with all that this entails for the workers.
The conclusion that should be drawn is that the sacrifices of the people for capital in the capitalist development path and in the EU do not end either in the crisis phase or in the recovery phase. They do not end whatever form of bourgeois management is implemented whether they borrow from the markets now as the government has done or whether they borrow later as SYRIZA is proposing.
This path is a dead end, a vicious circle for the workers and the poor popular strata. The developments must be explained so that workers are persuaded of the need to break this vicious circle.


text:
RD.COM Knowledge Facts
13 Unsolved Mysteries Easily Explained by Science
Lauren CahnUpdated: Aug. 04, 2021
Everyone loves a good mystery—everyone except scientists, that is. Here are their perfectly rational explanations for some truly bizarre mysteries.
Richard Whitcombe/Shutterstock
The Bermuda Triangle is known as one of the world's most dangerous bodies of water, but science has proven it's not really any scarier than any other part of the ocean. Sure, ships and planes have disappeared there in seemingly calm weather. But Coast Guard records demonstrate many disappearances were the result of nothing more than human error, boat failure, and other natural occurrences that can happen at sea. In fact, based on the sheer size of the triangle, it would be unusual for there not to be some disappearances there. Find out more of the world's most haunted bodies of water.
Everett Historical/Shutterstock
The legend of Anastasia
Russia's Czar Nicholas II's entire family was murdered in 1918. When the body of Nicholas's teenage daughter, Anastasia, was not found with the other family members, people hoped that Anastasia had escaped. And for most of the last century, people kept that hope alive—a belief that was fueled in part by this woman's claim. In 2007, a DNA analysis conclusively identified Anastasia's body, which had been found in a separate grave, according to Biography. Don't miss more of the biggest lies that made history.
Vezzani Photography/Shutterstock
The sailing stones of Death Valley
In parts of California's Death Valley, stones sail across the desert floor, leaving trails in the sand—and it seems like they do it all on their own. But Live Science reports that a team of scientists attached motion-activated video equipment to some of the stones and discovered that during the winter, the desert floor develops a thin coating of ice. When the ice melts and begins to break up, the sheets—with the wind's help—drag the rocks to a new position. Check out the mysteries of science that no one has figured out.
Brian C. Weed/Shutterstock
Two of the biggest mysteries surrounding Stonehenge are how and why people created the huge monument. But both of these mysteries seem to have been solved by an archeologist who published his findings not long ago in the Journal of British Archaeology. Seems the two largest stones weren't placed by humans but had been in place for millions of years before humans decided to create a monument around them. Here's more about Stonehenge, as well as 7 other archeological mysteries.
ArtWell/Shutterstock
The "alien" of Atacama
In 2003, a skeleton was discovered in South America's Atacama Desert. What was so mysterious about it was it was only six inches tall, had 10 ribs (instead of 12), giant eye sockets, and a pointy skull. Sounds like an alien, right? Sadly for X Files fans, researchers from California conducted a DNA analysis that revealed the skeleton was that of a human with severe genetic mutations. Love fun science facts and mysteries? Read about these 25 scientific discoveries you never learned about in school.
Sylvie Corriveau/Sylvie Corriveau
Those purple lights in Canada
In 2016, a man in Canada was watching the Northern Lights (the aurora borealis) when a glowing ribbon of purple light appeared. He knew immediately what he was seeing wasn't part of the aurora borealis, NASA reports. Luckily, he took photos: The phenomenon was an example of the delightful acronym "STEVE"—strong thermal emission velocity enhancement. STEVE is a stream of extremely hot particles called "a sub auroral ion drift" (SAID). Scientists have been studying SAIDs for decades, but no one had ever seen the purple-light effect until now.
YigitEken
What on earth is a Yeti?
In 1951, a guy climbing Mt. Everest took a photo of a giant footprint (far too large to be, well, anything except… a monster), and the world was totally creeped out. Thus the mystery of "Yeti" (which translates from the native language as,"that thing there") was born, and even scientists were curious. Recently, however, a team of scientists ran DNA testing on some Yeti "samples" collected over the years: They discovered that Yetis are in fact a large endangered species of bear. Here are 15 things the internet promised were true—but weren't.
Egyptian Studio/Shutterstock
Why the universe glows with infrared light
For decades, scientists have been puzzled why the universe is filled with infrared light. Earlier this year, astronomers presented the answer at the 231st meeting of the American Astronomical Society: The infrared light is emitted by an organic molecule called benzonitrile, which they say "permeates every part of the known universe."
What happened to Amelia Earhart
Amelia Earhart was the first woman to fly solo across the Atlantic and the first person—man or woman—to fly solo from Hawaii to the U.S. mainland. Sadly, her plane vanished over the Pacific in 1937; her disappearance became one of the biggest mysteries of the 20th century. Well, the mystery was actually solved almost 80 years ago when searchers found bones on a remote Pacific island: At the time, experts believed the bones belonged to a man, but modern retesting revealed the remains are most likely Amelia Earhart's. Here are other science mysteries no one has figured out.
HelloRF Zcool/Shutterstock
Human spontaneous combustion?
Nearly every supposed case of humans spontaneously bursting into flames is false, according to Live Science: Most involved elderly people who lived alone and were sitting near an open fire. "If the person is asleep, intoxicated, unconscious, infirm or otherwise unable to move or put the flames out, the victim's clothes can act as a wick… The flames draw on the body's fat (a flammable oil very near the skin's surface which combines with the burning clothing) to fuel the fire," according to the report.
Paula Savelius/Shutterstock
The Kummakivi Balancing Rock
Imagine a giant rock perched precariously atop another—how did it get there? Probably a giant troll, right? That's just one of the theories you'll hear about the Kummakivi Balancing Rock in Finland. Geologists, however, figure that the rock was deposited by a glacier during the last Ice Age.
canbedone/Shutterstock
Most crop circles
When crop circles suddenly appear in the countryside, lots of people get excited, thinking, "This is it! This is proof we've been visited by other life forms." But in 1991, two men confessed that they'd been making crop circles as a prank for decades. According to Live Science, "Most crop circle researchers admit that the vast majority of crop circles are created by hoaxers…" However, there are a few they still can't explain.
Intarapong/Shutterstock
The Webdriver Torso YouTube account
In 2013, people began to notice a rather strange YouTube account posting really weird slideshows accompanied by even weirder beeping sounds. As Mental Floss says, "Commentors posited that the videos—which were usually 11 seconds long and featured colored rectangles moving around on a white screen—were spy code, alien code, or recruitment searches for expert hackers." As it turns out, Google was behind the account. In 2014, the YouTube parent company revealed it was using the account to test the quality of YouTube videos. Check out these mysteries that we take for granted but keep scientists up at night.
Originally Published: July 19, 2018
Lauren Cahn
Lauren Cahn is a New York-based writer whose work has appeared regularly on Reader's Digest, The Huffington Post, and a variety of other publications since 2008. She covers life and style, popular culture, law, religion, health, fitness, yoga, entertaining and entertainment. Lauren is also an author of crime fiction; her first full-length manuscript, The Trust Game, was short-listed for the 2017 CLUE Award for emerging talent in the genre of suspense fiction.
Lauren Cahn for Reader's Digest


19th century pair of Venetian walnut large armchairs. An unusual pair with very unique details, turned legs and stretchers, graceful front stretcher, reeded and scrolled arms, embossed leather seats (one has been repaired and is strong), large nailheads around the leather and fabric, then the top. Beautiful shell carving with a carved pediment on the top having a royal style crown. There are two finials on each side of the crest. These chairs are very sound and have been waxed to a fine waxed patina.
Category: Seating.	Tags: 19th Century, t Armchairs, venetian, Walnu.
© 2017 Northgate Gallery, Inc.


text:
Reading: Indonesia's transgender community fears threat posed by new law
The Pink Times > World News > Asia Pacific > Indonesia's transgender community fears threat posed by new law
Asia PacificLaw
Indonesia's transgender community fears threat posed by new law
Chika, a 28-year-old trans woman who works as a busker holds her boyfriend's hand during an interview at their rented room in Jakarta, Indonesia, December 22, 2022. REUTERS/Ajeng Dinar Ulfiana
JAKARTA (Reuters) – Transgender Indonesian woman Chika Ananda Putrie wakes every morning in her decrepit rented room in a Jakarta slum, worried for her safety because of her gender identity.
She saw some of her worst fears come true last month, when the world's largest Muslim-majority country, and its third-largest democracy, banned people from having sex outside marriage or even living together, at the risk of prison time.
"I am scared of being jailed," said Chika, a 28-year-old busker who commutes each day to her preferred spot in a nearby town, and fears being caught living with her partner in a country where the government does not recognise gay marriage.
When the legal changes take effect in three years, such unmarried couples, particularly in the LGBT community already under pressure from religious conservatives, will have to contend with the constant threat of being reported to police.
Even though only a spouse, parent or child may report suspected offences under the new law, experts and rights groups have warned of the risk of misuse by those looking to crush alliances they dislike.
It "will disproportionately impact LGBT people, who are more likely to be reported by families for relationships they disapprove of," New York-based Human Rights Watch said recently.
The first openly transgender woman to hold public office in Indonesia warned that the law could foster latent homophobia or transphobia while adding risks for those who cannot get married.
"The code does not break the chain of hate," Hendrika Mayora Victoria Kelan, who is a provincial village official, told Reuters. "The state rules over … people's bedrooms too much."
Government officials have said they hope police raids and finger-pointing by moral crusaders would be prevented by the limitations on who is allowed to report a possible offence.
"Other parties cannot report it, or even play judge," Albert Aries, the spokesperson for a government taskforce on the law, said last month.
"So there will be no legal process without complaints from the rightful party, or those who are directly harmed."
Officials of the law ministry did not respond to fresh requests for comment.
TRADITIONAL VIEWS
Although homosexuality is considered taboo in Indonesia, it is not illegal, except in the ultra-conservative, autonomous province of Aceh.
Gender-fluid communities have historically been an accepted part of society. The Bugis ethnic group on Sulawesi island, for instance, traditionally recognises five genders, including one that is said to "transcend", or combine, the female and male.
But a rising tide of conservative Islam has swelled persecution of the LGBT community.
"In the last three years there has been an increase in case data every year," LGBT advocacy group Arus Pelangi said in December, adding that there were more than 90 such incidents last year, up 90% from the previous year.
"It's possible that the enactment of the criminal code will add to the list of victims from the LGBT community."
With sexual minorities already living under duress before the new rules, they stand to increase the risk of vigilantism, police raids, and abuse of the law, said Bivitri Susanti, an expert from the Indonesia Jentera school of law.
"Their lives will be more threatened because the things that were once considered immoral are now illegal," she added.
Also fuelling concern is a provision on customary law that could lead to some sharia-inspired local laws being replicated elsewhere, reinforcing discrimination against women or LGBT groups.
Like many 'waria', a term combining the words for "woman" and "man" by which transgender women describe themselves, Chika has seen her share of trouble.
Her voice trembled as she told of transgender neighbours unfairly driven out of the slum years earlier, after another neighbour blamed a fire on the mere fact of their existence.
Seated on a mattress beside her partner strumming his guitar in a tenement enlivened by brightly-coloured fabrics, Chika said the implications of the new law left her feeling helpless, despite the assurances.
"If anything happens, I'll just give up," she said, adding that she would be powerless to resist arrest.
TAGGED: Human Rights Watch, Indonesia, Muslim, transgender, Transgender woman
Previous Article Leader of influential Hindu group backs LGBT rights in India
Next Article Tragic Death of Black Transgender Woman in Washington D.C.
Nylry 6mm Titanium Stainless Steel Rainbow Ring LGBT Pride Ring for Gay&Lesbian LGBT Ring for Wedding Engagement Size 6… $4
UTSANG Transgender Pride Rainbow LGBTQ Flag 3x5 Outdoor with Sewn Stripes Gay Pride Flags Heavy Duty Nylon for Pride… $13
Asia PacificPolitics


Videogame publisher Rising Star Games, in collaboration with critically-acclaimed developer Image & Form, announced today that the smash-hit title SteamWorld Dig 2 is available now for the Nintendo Switch™ System and PlayStation®4 computer entertainment system as a physical retail release. The boxed editions include an exclusive double-sided poster featuring iconic artwork from the game, along with a reversible inlay with never-before-seen artwork.
Lavished with praise and accolades since its digital release in late 2017,SteamWorld Dig 2 has proven a runaway smash-hit with consumers, fans and critics alike.


text:
import sys
import errno
from eventlet import patcher
from eventlet.support import get_errno, clear_sys_exc_info
select = patcher.original('select')
time = patcher.original('time')

from eventlet.hubs.hub import BaseHub, READ, WRITE, noop

try:
    BAD_SOCK = set((errno.EBADF, errno.WSAENOTSOCK))
except AttributeError:
    BAD_SOCK = set((errno.EBADF,))

class Hub(BaseHub):
    def _remove_bad_fds(self):
        """ Iterate through fds, removing the ones that are bad per the
        operating system.
        """
        for fd in self.listeners[READ].keys() + self.listeners[WRITE].keys():
            try:
                select.select([fd], [], [], 0)
            except select.error, e:
                if get_errno(e) == errno.EBADF:
                    self.remove_descriptor(fd)

    def wait(self, seconds=None):
        readers = self.listeners[READ]
        writers = self.listeners[WRITE]
        if not readers and not writers:
            if seconds:
                time.sleep(seconds)
            return
        try:
            r, w, er = select.select(readers.keys(), writers.keys(), readers.keys() + writers.keys(), seconds)
        except select.error, e:
            if get_errno(e) == errno.EINTR:
                return
            elif get_errno(e) in BAD_SOCK:
                self._remove_bad_fds()
                return
            else:
                raise

        for fileno in er:
            readers.get(fileno, noop).cb(fileno)
            writers.get(fileno, noop).cb(fileno)

        for listeners, events in ((readers, r), (writers, w)):
            for fileno in events:
                try:
                    listeners.get(fileno, noop).cb(fileno)
                except self.SYSTEM_EXCEPTIONS:
                    raise
                except:
                    self.squelch_exception(fileno, sys.exc_info())
                    clear_sys_exc_info()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: After adding enctype="multipart/form-data to my form and trying to submit, it goes to another page I have 2 pages
The first is : admin.php
<?php
session_start();

if (!isset($_GET['page'])){
    $_GET['page'] = 'home';
}//end if
include_once(dirname(__FILE__)."/function.php");
?>

<?php include_once("header.php"); ?>
<?php include_once("menu.php"); ?>

<?php
    switch ($_GET['page']) {
        case 'category_list':
            include_once(dirname(__FILE__)."/modules/category_list.php");
            break;
        case 'category_add_edit':
            include_once(dirname(__FILE__)."/modules/category_add_edit.php");
            break;
        case 'color_list':
            include_once(dirname(__FILE__)."/modules/color_list.php");
            break;
        case 'color_add_edit':
            include_once(dirname(__FILE__)."/modules/color_add_edit.php");
            break;
        case 'product_list':
            include_once(dirname(__FILE__)."/modules/product_list.php");
            break;
        case 'product_add_edit':
            include_once(dirname(__FILE__)."/modules/product_add_edit.php");
            break;
        case 'cart':
            include_once(dirname(__FILE__)."/modules/cart.php");
            break;
        case 'order':
            include_once(dirname(__FILE__)."/modules/order.php");
            break;
        default:
            include_once(dirname(__FILE__)."/modules/home.php");
            break;
    }
?>

<?php include_once("footer.php"); ?>

And the second one is: /modules/product_add_edit.php
<form action="<?=($_SERVER['PHP_SELF'])?>?<?=$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']?>" enctype="multipart/form-data method="POST">

When i try to submit and upload my image and input fields it goes to:
http://project6bootstrap4-v1/admin.php?id=&category_id=7&name=Anything&description=Anything&price=352&quantity=431&type=Anything&image=monitoracerCopy.jpg&color_id=8&add_category=
When it should go to: http://project6bootstrap4-v1/admin.php?page=product_add_edit
What i am doing wrong?

A: Quotes are missing for enctype attribute
<form action="<?=($_SERVER['PHP_SELF'])?>?<?=$_SERVER['QUERY_STRING']?>" enctype="multipart/form-data" method="POST">

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Frod Expedition Limo Hire : For a large wedding party a silver Ford Expedition limo is the perfect transportation with more than enough room for the bride and extended wedding party to sit comfortably en-route to the wedding venue. Guaranteed to make bystanders heads turn, both bride and guests will arrive in luxury and style. The Ford Expedition wedding limo makes the perfect backdrop for outdoor wedding photos, adding a touch of class to your wedding day album and being one of the most important elements that help make your wedding day truly special.
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The Chuck Taylor All Star women's Oxford sneaker from Converse gets a slight update to it's iconic design. It boasts it's classic canvas upper with striped rubber outsole and lace-up design but with accenting v-cut sides. Wear it all year long with jeans to dresses - a versatile must have.


Soup is a deliciously effortless strategy to offer for a local potluck or a comfy evening at domestic with the family members. a hundred Soups for $5 or much less comprises recipes for Armchair Quarterback Chili, Stir-Fry Noodle Soup, and lots of more-each recipe ready for $5 or much less!
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Gayle Pierce has been accumulating and checking out soup recipes on friends and family for greater than twenty years. She is living in Liberty, Indiana.
"Potato salad isn't just a starchy blood brother in your hamburger. It has a proud position in cultures world wide, from German oil-and-vinegar salads with bacon to dill-accented Scandinavian delights. And, after all, it's the all-American part dish at each Fourth of July picnic. yet this nice dish merits to polish year-round.
"Fresh nutrients is easier than packaged," Marie Simmons says, and fortuitously for us, she presents greater than 2 hundred recipes to end up her aspect. during this book--Simmons' such a lot formidable to date--you'll see why her recipes, on a regular basis featured in Bon Appétit, Woman's Day and Ladies' domestic magazine, became favorites with thousands of chefs around the state.
Seventy five quick, effortless, clean, Italian Recipes for All Seasons. The Canal apartment Cooking seasonal cookbook sequence is domestic cooking via domestic chefs for domestic cooks.
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These ethnic fermented foods have been extensively studied, and the functional micro organisms have been isolated, properly characterized, and identified, 22 Himalayan fermented foods: Microbiology, nutrition, and ethnic values based on modern phenotypic (API and Biolog systems) and genotypic characteristics (RAPD-PCR, rep-PCR, species-specific PCR techniques, 16S rRNA sequencing, DNA-DNA hybridization), and preserved in 15% glycerol at −20°C. Three major groups of microorganisms are present or associated with ethnic fermented foods: bacteria (mostly lactic acid bacteria), yeasts, and mycelial fungi.
The Himalayan people developed such innovative technology without any knowledge of food microbiology or the actual scientific mechanism involved in it, but certainly they know how to use the beneficial (functional) microorganisms for production of foods of their choice and know what needs to be done to get the desired food products. The microbiology, biochemistry, nutrition, functionality, toxicology, food safety, and biotechnology of their fermented foods are unknown to the producers, who are simply practicing an age-old food fermentation technology.


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text:
Leeds United expected to make move for Stoke City starlet
webmaster 17, Jul, 2022
As a rather young squad, one of the major requests by fans this summer was experience. Last year was a chastening one, mainly due to the youth of the squad getting wrapped up in the negativity engulfing the club. The problem for Leeds, then, is that many of their signings are of the same mould. Young and exciting with room to develop, yes; but also very little experience of the Premier League. Another name that could soon be added to this list would be Josh Tymon.
Leeds United midfield target excused from RB Salzburg training
webmaster 1, Jul, 2022
When chasing a player, the one thing that fans want to hear is that the player is desperate to arrive at the club. Therefore, the news that RB Salzburg midfielder Mohamed Camara is being excused from training is very good news for Leeds United. While most fans are not happy at all to see local hero Kalvin Phillips depart for Manchester, the arrival of a energetic and technically outstanding midfielder in Camara would help to soften the blow.


"The Precious Talent of Hebei 河北瑰杰 (hé běi guī jié)"
You know how some people's lives serve as a reminder to others not to make that same mistake? Tian Feng is one of those unfortunate people. Undoubtedly a brilliant advisor to Yuan shao 袁绍, Tian Feng presented many astute plans to his lord. Even Cao Cao 曹操 praised Tian Feng for his abilities. Xun Yu 荀彧 went so far as to call Tian Feng "Bold but treacherous".
But why did I say that Tian Feng's life is a lesson for us? Tian Feng's biggest mistake was to choose the wrong leader to follow. Yuan Shao was an indecisive leader and he rarely knew which advice was good, and which was plain suicide. Yuan shao chose not to listen to Tian Feng, and even imprisoned him. The foolish Yuan Shao eventually led his army to defeat in the Battle of Guandu. During the retreat of Yuan Shao, Pang Ji 逢纪 accused Tian Feng of "looking happy to hear the defeat of Yuan Shao". Yuan Shao was enraged and sentenced Tian Feng to death. Tian Feng predicted this, and chose to kill himself before the execution.
Bottom line... choose your boss wisely. Learn from Tian Feng and don't let his death go in vain!
Character ability 1: "Deathly Counsel 死谏 (sǐ jiàn)"
When you lose your last on-hand card, you can discard 1 card from another player.
When another player goes into brink of death, if the source of damage that caused it is from the same Kingdom as you are, draw 1 card from the deck. When a player from the same Kingdom as you dies, you lose 1 unit of health.
"Deathly Counsel" refers to Tian Feng's upright actions to admonish his ruler. This ability can be useful against Wei characters (that values cards over health), but to use it is to stake your life, as you need to have no on-hand cards left.
"With the Tide" refers to his tragic fate. During his imprisonment, Tian Feng predicted that Yuan Shao would pardon him if the battle was victorious, and kill him if defeated. His prediction was right, as the defeated Yuan Shao sentenced him to death. This enforced ability allows Tian Feng to gain power (cards) if his allies win the battle (forcing someone to the Brink of Death), and loses health if his allies are defeated.
His ability is quite strong and pair incredibly well when go with Yuan Shao despite the harmful part.


text:
The True Story of the Sword and the Stone
Chapter II through IV
While away from his mother, Galgano stayed in Siena to pick a home better suited to entertainment and pleasure, with a secondary sight set upon a military career. This was very dangerous, not only as it is today, but more so in that time as it was seldom separated from violence and robbery. As it happened, however, he was favored with a striking vision, the description of which is as follows. In the middle of the night, St. Michael the Archangel appeared. He saw also his mother, to whom St. Michael was speaking, admonishing and encouraging her to consent to the idea of her son enlisting in the heavenly militia. What honor such a gift should bring to her motherly heart. Galgano saw her bow deeply and nod her consent, then saw himself follow the footsteps of the Angel. The young man became restless, and with a sudden resolve abandoned all his amusements, the very things that kept him in Siena. He returned to his father's house, and in a humble and affectionate manner, he told his mother the vision. Surprised by the sudden change in manners of her son, she gave thanks to the Lord, and amiably congratulated him for such a change. She encouraged him to persevere in the good sentiments he had conceived, and to follow God in the measure His infinite mercy had made known to him. The words of his mother added stimulus to the deep impression that the blessed vision had left in him, and from that moment he purposed to change his life completely. With fervent tears, Galgano asked God to forgive the foul deeds he had committed, and he suddenly understood all the ingratitude of which he had been guilty towards the Creator and the Redeemer of mankind. All the earthly delights, entertainment, and pomps being left behind, he retired to his father's house, and for some years, it is believed for 4 or 5, led an obscure and penitent life.
The Lord looked with favor on the change and perseverance of Galgano, in whom such grace had been worked, and He deigned to send another vision in order that He might call him to a very great penance, one to which Galgano was destined by Divine mercy. Once more, while Galgano slept, St. Michael the Archangel appeared to him. With mysterious images, the Archangel made known that he ought to embark on the path to Mount Siepi, about four miles distant from Chiusdino. At that time, it was a solitary place covered in thick forest. There he must offer up every worldly comfort as a sacrifice for his past sins and carry out the most bitter penances. Galgano was anxious to tell his mother the new vision. Sadly, she who had so desired the conversion of her son, as well as his return to sober and good conduct, also longed so very much to have him close so that he might bring relief to her advanced age and that he might stabilize the succession of the family. Thus, she was greatly disturbed at the thought of losing him, and tried to persuade him that he could still serve God in society, that he should not abandon her once more when she was in necessity, and while he undertook good behavior, she needed much consolation. Grace had already taken possession of his heart, and began to lift it above all human respect, so that all things should yield to the Divine will. It is best for a man that he ought to come to what has been prescribed by God, to Whom we owe everything, and without Whom we would be nothing, for His commands are sacrosanct, and a man can not transgress them without impiety. Galgano pleaded with prayers and tears, but it so displeased Dionisia to be deprived of her son again, that he did not attempt other means of trying it. Not satisfied, she turned to her relatives and took counsel with them. Together they determined that they should propose a girl to Galgano as a spouse… such a one that he could not refuse.
There was at Civitella (a big castle about 20 miles distant from Chiusdino on that side of the Maremma), a man by the name of Antonio Brizzi. Fortune had made him very wealthy though he was of common birth. He had a daughter by the name of Polissena, who was very beautiful and charming. Galgano's mother set her heart upon the idea of marrying Polissena to her son, as did his other relatives, and they sought out Brizzi to pursue their purpose. Having made an agreement as to the marriage contract, they proposed it to Galgano. Though he resisted every argument and persuasion for a long time, eventually he was won over by their persistence, and he forgot, for a moment, the injunction received from the Archangel. Thus, he promised to go to see the lady Polissena. With this purpose in mind, Galgano quickly prepared to make the journey from Chiusdino heading towards Civitella. He had not yet gone four miles, when suddenly, in the plain called Morella (near Luriano), his horse stopped and refused to move one step further, though spurred and struck with much energy. Galgano dismounted, and fell down upon his knees. He immediately recognized his failure, and implored forgiveness and help from the Lord so fervently that he saw again the Archangel St. Michael, no longer merely in a vision, but in reality. Right away he gave the command that Galgano should follow him to Mount Siepi. The Archangel then left, saying that there on Mount Siepi Galgano must do harsh penance, being as of that very moment enrolled in the army of heaven. Overwhelmed and contrite Galgano fell to the ground, and, having drawn his sword from his side he exclaimed, "How you deign, O merciful Lord to show so much favor to a miserable sinner! Ah, but I could more easily plunge my sword into this stone, than obtain forgiveness for my many sins." Having said this, he thrust his sword into the rock, until the whole of it was immersed up to the hilt. This may be observed even in our times, in the present Chapel of S. Galgano above Mount Siepi, where there is a boulder with the sword enveloped in stone and guarded well by an iron grate. In view of this singular miracle, every fear as well as every importune care was banished from Galgano's mind, and he began to back away reverently, fervently venerating the cruciform shape that the sword's hilt now presented to him, as it was now swallowed by rock up to the hilt. Galgano wished to observe nothing else, that he might have continually before his eyes the infinite mercy of the Lord.
Excerpt taken from The True Story of the Sword and the Stone
The True Story of the Sword in the Stone: A Compendium on the Life of St. Galgano


text:
Home/Tag: economic community of west african States
Tag Archives: economic community of west african States
Mali: UN SG calls for reasonable electoral calendar
6 days ago Africa, In the news, Politics, West Africa 0
UN Secretary General António Guterres called on interim Malian President Assimi Goïta to hold elections for the restoration of civilian rule within an acceptable timeline. According to Mr Guterres, it's "absolutely essential for Mali's military leaders to announce an acceptable timeline for civilian elections." He said he was working with …
EU backs ECOWAS on sanctions against Mali
European Union (EU) foreign policy chief, Josep Borrell said, on Thursday that the institution would impose the same sanctions as those taken by the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) against the Malian interim government. ECOWAS on Sunday, imposes serious sanctions against Mali, including the suspension of financial transactions …
ECOWAS imposes severe sanctions on Mali and closes borders surrounding it
1 week ago Africa, In the news, Politics, West Africa 0
Leaders of the Economic Community of West African States( ECOWAS) have reimposed severe sanctions against the Malian interim government after the military leaders had announced a long delay to the elections originally planned for February. After a meeting on Sunday in the Ghanaian capital, Accra, the ECOWAS leaders have decided …
Ecowas regrets Mali's 'extreme' move to expel its representative
29 October 2021 Africa, In the news, Politics, West Africa 0
The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) says it regrets the "extreme decision" of the Malian authorities to expel its representative. In a statement issued on Thursday, the regional bloc says it "remains committed and will continue to deploy its efforts to support a successful and peaceful transition in …
Mali: Ecowas representative expelled amid pressure over elections
The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) regional community's envoy in Mali has been expelled as pressure mounts on the country to provide a definitive timeline on its transition to civilian rule. Summoned by the Malian foreign affairs ministry, Hamodou Boly was notified of the government's decision "declaring him …
ECOWAS imposes heavy sanctions on coup leaders in Guinea
17 September 2021 Africa, In the news, Politics, West Africa 0
The leaders of the Economic Community of West African States( ECOWAS) have imposed heavy sanctions on coup leaders in Guinea. They impose travel bans and a freeze of the financial assets of the putschists and their families. Following an extraordinary summit in Accra, Ghana, on Wednesday, the leaders of ECOWAS …
ECOWAS due to hold a summit on Guinea coup
The leaders of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) must hold a summit to find a solution to the Guinean coup that overthrew President Alpha Condé. The Ecowas leaders will meet on Thursday to decide how to respond to the coup and how to pressure the junta leaders …


text:
import unittest

from marklogic.models.database.index import FieldRangeIndex
from marklogic.models.database import Database
from marklogic.models.database.index import FieldRangeIndex
from marklogic.models.database.field import PathField, RootField, FieldPath
from marklogic.models.database.field import IncludedElement, ExcludedElement

class TestField(unittest.TestCase):
    def test_create_field(self):
        db = Database("testdb")

        self.assertNotIn('field', db._config)

        field = PathField("invoice-id", FieldPath("bill:invoice-id", 1))
        field.add_field_path(FieldPath("inv:id", 1))

        result = db.add_field(field)
        self.assertIn('field', db._config)
        self.assertEqual(result, db)

        self.assertEqual(1, len(db._config['field']))

        field = db.fields()[0]
        self.assertEqual("invoice-id", field.field_name())

        field = db.fields()[0]
        self.assertEqual(2, len(field.field_paths()))

        self.assertEqual("bill:invoice-id", field.field_paths()[0].path())
        self.assertEqual(1, field.field_paths()[0].weight())

    def test_include_references(self):
        db = Database("testdb")

        field = RootField("invoice-id", includes=[IncludedElement("http://foo.bar.com/invoice", "id")])

        self.assertEqual(1, len(field.included_elements()))
        self.assertEqual("http://foo.bar.com/invoice", field.included_elements()[0].namespace_uri())
        self.assertEqual("id", field.included_elements()[0].localname())

    def test_exclude_references(self):
        db = Database("testdb")

        field = RootField("invoice-id", excludes=[ExcludedElement("http://foo.bar.com/invoice", "id")])

        self.assertEqual(1, len(field.excluded_elements()))
        self.assertEqual("http://foo.bar.com/invoice", field.excluded_elements()[0].namespace_uri())
        self.assertEqual("id", field.excluded_elements()[0].localname())

    def test_create_element_reference(self):
        element_reference = IncludedElement("http://foo.bar.com/invoice", "id")

        self.assertEqual("http://foo.bar.com/invoice",
                         element_reference.namespace_uri())
        self.assertEqual("id", element_reference.localname())

        element_reference = IncludedElement("http://foo.bar.com/invoice",
                                            "id", attribute_localname="foo")

        self.assertEqual("foo", element_reference.attribute_localname())

        element_reference = IncludedElement("http://foo.bar.com/invoice", "id",
                            attribute_namespace_uri="http://foo.bar.com/billing",
                            attribute_localname="bill")

        self.assertEqual("http://foo.bar.com/billing",
                         element_reference.attribute_namespace_uri())

        element_reference = ExcludedElement("http://foo.bar.com/invoice", "id")

        self.assertEqual("http://foo.bar.com/invoice",
                         element_reference.namespace_uri())
        self.assertEqual("id", element_reference.localname())

        element_reference = ExcludedElement("http://foo.bar.com/invoice",
                                            "id", attribute_localname="foo")

        self.assertEqual("foo", element_reference.attribute_localname())

        element_reference = ExcludedElement("http://foo.bar.com/invoice", "id",
                            attribute_namespace_uri="http://foo.bar.com/billing",
                            attribute_localname="bill")

        self.assertEqual("http://foo.bar.com/billing",
                         element_reference.attribute_namespace_uri())

    #
    # {
    #   "scalar-type": "int",
    #   "collation": "",
    #   "field-name": "test-one",
    #   "range-value-positions": false,
    #   "invalid-values": "reject"
    # }
    #
    def test_create_range_field(self):
        db = Database("foo")

        field = RootField("invoice-id", False)
        db.add_field(field)

        range_field = FieldRangeIndex("int", "invoice-id")
        db.add_index(range_field)

        index = db.field_range_indexes()[0]
        self.assertEqual("invoice-id", index.field_name())
        self.assertEqual("int", index.scalar_type())

        indexes = db.field_range_indexes()
        self.assertEqual(1, len(indexes))

if __name__ == "__main__":
    unittest.main()


text:
Hypselodelphys é um género botânico pertencente à família Marantaceae.

Referências

Marantaceae
Géneros de plantas

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia