text:
Work2Prevent, an employment intervention program as HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men and transgender youth of color (phase 3): Protocol for a single-arm community-based trial to assess feasibility and acceptability in a real-world setting
Brandon J. Hill*, Darnell N. Motley, Kris Rosentel, Alicia VandeVusse, Robert Garofalo, Lisa M. Kuhns, Michele D. Kipke, Sari Reisner, Betty Rupp, Rachel West Goolsby, Micah McCumber, Laura Renshaw, John A. Schneider
Background: In the United States, young cisgender men who have sex with men (YMSM), young transgender women (YTW), and gender nonconforming (GNC) youth face elevated rates of HIV infection. However, racial and ethnic disparities in adolescent HIV infection cannot be attributed to individual-level factors alone and are situated within larger social and structural contexts that marginalize and predispose sexual and gender minority youth of color to HIV. Addressing broader ecological factors that drive transmission requires interventions that focus on the distal drivers of HIV infection, including violence exposure, housing, food insecurity, educational attainment, and employment. Given the ways that economic instability may make YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color vulnerable to HIV exposure, this study focuses on employment as an HIV prevention intervention. More specifically, the intervention, called Work2Prevent (W2P), targets economic stability through job readiness and employment as a means of preventing behaviors and factors associated with adolescent and young adult HIV, such as transactional sex work and homelessness. The intervention was adapted from iFOUR, an evidence-based employment program for HIV-positive adults in phase 1 of this study, and pilot tested in a university-based setting in phase 2. Objective: This paper aims to describe the protocol for the community-based test phase of W2P. The purpose of this phase was to pilot test a tailored, theoretically informed employment intervention program among YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color within a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) community setting. Methods: The employment intervention was pilot tested using a single-arm pretest-posttest trial design implemented among a sample of vulnerable YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color using services within a community-based LGBTQ center. Assessments will examine intervention feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary estimates of efficacy. Results: Phase 3 of W2P research activities began in May 2019 and was completed in December 2019. Overall, 41 participants were enrolled in the community-based pilot. Conclusions: This study will assess intervention feasibility and acceptability in the target populations and determine preliminary efficacy of the intervention to increase employment and reduce vulnerability to HIV when implemented in a community-based setting serving LGBTQ youth of color. Testing the intervention in a community setting is an opportunity to evaluate how recruitment, retention, and other outcomes are impacted by delivery in a venue akin to where this intervention could eventually be used by nonresearchers. If W2P demonstrates feasibility and acceptability, a larger multisite trial implemented in multiple community settings serving YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color is planned.
JMIR Research Protocols
Gender nonconforming youth
YMSM
YTW
Young men who have sex with men
Young transgender women
Dive into the research topics of 'Work2Prevent, an employment intervention program as HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men and transgender youth of color (phase 3): Protocol for a single-arm community-based trial to assess feasibility and acceptability in a real-world setting'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Transgender Nursing and Health Professions 100%
Gender Nursing and Health Professions 35%
interventions INIS 35%
hiv INIS 29%
Intervention Social Sciences 29%
Woman Medicine and Dentistry 29%
communities INIS 23%
employment INIS 23%
Hill, B. J., Motley, D. N., Rosentel, K., VandeVusse, A., Garofalo, R., Kuhns, L. M., Kipke, M. D., Reisner, S., Rupp, B., Goolsby, R. W., McCumber, M., Renshaw, L., & Schneider, J. A. (2020). Work2Prevent, an employment intervention program as HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men and transgender youth of color (phase 3): Protocol for a single-arm community-based trial to assess feasibility and acceptability in a real-world setting. JMIR Research Protocols, 9(9), [e18051]. https://doi.org/10.2196/18051
Hill, Brandon J. ; Motley, Darnell N. ; Rosentel, Kris et al. / Work2Prevent, an employment intervention program as HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men and transgender youth of color (phase 3) : Protocol for a single-arm community-based trial to assess feasibility and acceptability in a real-world setting. In: JMIR Research Protocols. 2020 ; Vol. 9, No. 9.
@article{0fb4beeb119245aba495655b2459a2d0,
title = "Work2Prevent, an employment intervention program as HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men and transgender youth of color (phase 3): Protocol for a single-arm community-based trial to assess feasibility and acceptability in a real-world setting",
abstract = "Background: In the United States, young cisgender men who have sex with men (YMSM), young transgender women (YTW), and gender nonconforming (GNC) youth face elevated rates of HIV infection. However, racial and ethnic disparities in adolescent HIV infection cannot be attributed to individual-level factors alone and are situated within larger social and structural contexts that marginalize and predispose sexual and gender minority youth of color to HIV. Addressing broader ecological factors that drive transmission requires interventions that focus on the distal drivers of HIV infection, including violence exposure, housing, food insecurity, educational attainment, and employment. Given the ways that economic instability may make YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color vulnerable to HIV exposure, this study focuses on employment as an HIV prevention intervention. More specifically, the intervention, called Work2Prevent (W2P), targets economic stability through job readiness and employment as a means of preventing behaviors and factors associated with adolescent and young adult HIV, such as transactional sex work and homelessness. The intervention was adapted from iFOUR, an evidence-based employment program for HIV-positive adults in phase 1 of this study, and pilot tested in a university-based setting in phase 2. Objective: This paper aims to describe the protocol for the community-based test phase of W2P. The purpose of this phase was to pilot test a tailored, theoretically informed employment intervention program among YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color within a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) community setting. Methods: The employment intervention was pilot tested using a single-arm pretest-posttest trial design implemented among a sample of vulnerable YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color using services within a community-based LGBTQ center. Assessments will examine intervention feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary estimates of efficacy. Results: Phase 3 of W2P research activities began in May 2019 and was completed in December 2019. Overall, 41 participants were enrolled in the community-based pilot. Conclusions: This study will assess intervention feasibility and acceptability in the target populations and determine preliminary efficacy of the intervention to increase employment and reduce vulnerability to HIV when implemented in a community-based setting serving LGBTQ youth of color. Testing the intervention in a community setting is an opportunity to evaluate how recruitment, retention, and other outcomes are impacted by delivery in a venue akin to where this intervention could eventually be used by nonresearchers. If W2P demonstrates feasibility and acceptability, a larger multisite trial implemented in multiple community settings serving YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color is planned.",
keywords = "Gender nonconforming youth, HIV/AIDS, Homelessness, LGBTQ, Sex work, Unemployment, YMSM, YTW, Young men who have sex with men, Young transgender women, Youth",
author = "Hill, {Brandon J.} and Motley, {Darnell N.} and Kris Rosentel and Alicia VandeVusse and Robert Garofalo and Kuhns, {Lisa M.} and Kipke, {Michele D.} and Sari Reisner and Betty Rupp and Goolsby, {Rachel West} and Micah McCumber and Laura Renshaw and Schneider, {John A.}",
note = "Funding Information: This study is supported by the ATN from the National Institutes of Health (5U24HD089880-02) through the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (B Kapogiannis and S Lee), National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute of Mental Health, and National Institute on Drug Abuse. Network operations and data management are supported through the ATN Coordinating Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright}Brandon J Hill, Darnell N Motley, Kris Rosentel, Alicia VandeVusse, Robert Garofalo, Lisa M Kuhns, Michele D Kipke, Sari Reisner, Betty Rupp, Rachel West Goolsby, Micah McCumber, Laura Renshaw, John A Schneider. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 11.09.2020. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Research Protocols, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.researchprotocols.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.",
doi = "10.2196/18051",
journal = "JMIR Research Protocols",
publisher = "JMIR Publications Inc.",
Hill, BJ, Motley, DN, Rosentel, K, VandeVusse, A, Garofalo, R, Kuhns, LM, Kipke, MD, Reisner, S, Rupp, B, Goolsby, RW, McCumber, M, Renshaw, L & Schneider, JA 2020, 'Work2Prevent, an employment intervention program as HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men and transgender youth of color (phase 3): Protocol for a single-arm community-based trial to assess feasibility and acceptability in a real-world setting', JMIR Research Protocols, vol. 9, no. 9, e18051. https://doi.org/10.2196/18051
Work2Prevent, an employment intervention program as HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men and transgender youth of color (phase 3) : Protocol for a single-arm community-based trial to assess feasibility and acceptability in a real-world setting. / Hill, Brandon J.; Motley, Darnell N.; Rosentel, Kris et al.
In: JMIR Research Protocols, Vol. 9, No. 9, e18051, 09.2020.
T1 - Work2Prevent, an employment intervention program as HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men and transgender youth of color (phase 3)
T2 - Protocol for a single-arm community-based trial to assess feasibility and acceptability in a real-world setting
AU - Hill, Brandon J.
AU - Motley, Darnell N.
AU - Rosentel, Kris
AU - VandeVusse, Alicia
AU - Garofalo, Robert
AU - Kuhns, Lisa M.
AU - Kipke, Michele D.
AU - Reisner, Sari
AU - Rupp, Betty
AU - Goolsby, Rachel West
AU - McCumber, Micah
AU - Renshaw, Laura
AU - Schneider, John A.
N1 - Funding Information: This study is supported by the ATN from the National Institutes of Health (5U24HD089880-02) through the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (B Kapogiannis and S Lee), National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institute of Mental Health, and National Institute on Drug Abuse. Network operations and data management are supported through the ATN Coordinating Center at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Publisher Copyright: ©Brandon J Hill, Darnell N Motley, Kris Rosentel, Alicia VandeVusse, Robert Garofalo, Lisa M Kuhns, Michele D Kipke, Sari Reisner, Betty Rupp, Rachel West Goolsby, Micah McCumber, Laura Renshaw, John A Schneider. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 11.09.2020. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in JMIR Research Protocols, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.researchprotocols.org, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
N2 - Background: In the United States, young cisgender men who have sex with men (YMSM), young transgender women (YTW), and gender nonconforming (GNC) youth face elevated rates of HIV infection. However, racial and ethnic disparities in adolescent HIV infection cannot be attributed to individual-level factors alone and are situated within larger social and structural contexts that marginalize and predispose sexual and gender minority youth of color to HIV. Addressing broader ecological factors that drive transmission requires interventions that focus on the distal drivers of HIV infection, including violence exposure, housing, food insecurity, educational attainment, and employment. Given the ways that economic instability may make YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color vulnerable to HIV exposure, this study focuses on employment as an HIV prevention intervention. More specifically, the intervention, called Work2Prevent (W2P), targets economic stability through job readiness and employment as a means of preventing behaviors and factors associated with adolescent and young adult HIV, such as transactional sex work and homelessness. The intervention was adapted from iFOUR, an evidence-based employment program for HIV-positive adults in phase 1 of this study, and pilot tested in a university-based setting in phase 2. Objective: This paper aims to describe the protocol for the community-based test phase of W2P. The purpose of this phase was to pilot test a tailored, theoretically informed employment intervention program among YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color within a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) community setting. Methods: The employment intervention was pilot tested using a single-arm pretest-posttest trial design implemented among a sample of vulnerable YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color using services within a community-based LGBTQ center. Assessments will examine intervention feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary estimates of efficacy. Results: Phase 3 of W2P research activities began in May 2019 and was completed in December 2019. Overall, 41 participants were enrolled in the community-based pilot. Conclusions: This study will assess intervention feasibility and acceptability in the target populations and determine preliminary efficacy of the intervention to increase employment and reduce vulnerability to HIV when implemented in a community-based setting serving LGBTQ youth of color. Testing the intervention in a community setting is an opportunity to evaluate how recruitment, retention, and other outcomes are impacted by delivery in a venue akin to where this intervention could eventually be used by nonresearchers. If W2P demonstrates feasibility and acceptability, a larger multisite trial implemented in multiple community settings serving YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color is planned.
AB - Background: In the United States, young cisgender men who have sex with men (YMSM), young transgender women (YTW), and gender nonconforming (GNC) youth face elevated rates of HIV infection. However, racial and ethnic disparities in adolescent HIV infection cannot be attributed to individual-level factors alone and are situated within larger social and structural contexts that marginalize and predispose sexual and gender minority youth of color to HIV. Addressing broader ecological factors that drive transmission requires interventions that focus on the distal drivers of HIV infection, including violence exposure, housing, food insecurity, educational attainment, and employment. Given the ways that economic instability may make YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color vulnerable to HIV exposure, this study focuses on employment as an HIV prevention intervention. More specifically, the intervention, called Work2Prevent (W2P), targets economic stability through job readiness and employment as a means of preventing behaviors and factors associated with adolescent and young adult HIV, such as transactional sex work and homelessness. The intervention was adapted from iFOUR, an evidence-based employment program for HIV-positive adults in phase 1 of this study, and pilot tested in a university-based setting in phase 2. Objective: This paper aims to describe the protocol for the community-based test phase of W2P. The purpose of this phase was to pilot test a tailored, theoretically informed employment intervention program among YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color within a lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) community setting. Methods: The employment intervention was pilot tested using a single-arm pretest-posttest trial design implemented among a sample of vulnerable YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color using services within a community-based LGBTQ center. Assessments will examine intervention feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary estimates of efficacy. Results: Phase 3 of W2P research activities began in May 2019 and was completed in December 2019. Overall, 41 participants were enrolled in the community-based pilot. Conclusions: This study will assess intervention feasibility and acceptability in the target populations and determine preliminary efficacy of the intervention to increase employment and reduce vulnerability to HIV when implemented in a community-based setting serving LGBTQ youth of color. Testing the intervention in a community setting is an opportunity to evaluate how recruitment, retention, and other outcomes are impacted by delivery in a venue akin to where this intervention could eventually be used by nonresearchers. If W2P demonstrates feasibility and acceptability, a larger multisite trial implemented in multiple community settings serving YMSM, YTW, and GNC youth of color is planned.
KW - Gender nonconforming youth
KW - HIV/AIDS
KW - Homelessness
KW - LGBTQ
KW - Sex work
KW - Unemployment
KW - YMSM
KW - YTW
KW - Young men who have sex with men
KW - Young transgender women
KW - Youth
U2 - 10.2196/18051
DO - 10.2196/18051
JO - JMIR Research Protocols
JF - JMIR Research Protocols
Hill BJ, Motley DN, Rosentel K, VandeVusse A, Garofalo R, Kuhns LM et al. Work2Prevent, an employment intervention program as HIV prevention for young men who have sex with men and transgender youth of color (phase 3): Protocol for a single-arm community-based trial to assess feasibility and acceptability in a real-world setting. JMIR Research Protocols. 2020 Sep;9(9):e18051. doi: 10.2196/18051


Coventry City manager Tony Mowbray has admitted they'll be 'one or two' changes for tomorrow night's game against Rochdale.
The Sky Blues travel to Spotland for their Capital One Cup first-round tie against Rochdale, following their 2-0 win over Wigan Athletic at the weekend.
Jordan Willis came off injured at half-time, with a minor concussion, whilst Adam Armstrong is ineligible for the tie under the conditions of his youth loan.
Mowbray said: "We've got one or two knocks in the building and a few people a bit sore but that's always the case after the first game of the season.
"The team selection will reflect the situation and it will give some other players the chance to get some minutes under their belt."


text:
The Magician's Elephant
'Leaves you with a fuzzy, festive feeling of joy': THE MAGICIAN'S ELEPHANT – Stratford-upon-Avon (RSC)
In Children's theatre, Musicals, Opinion, Other Recent Articles, Regional theatre, Reviews by Laura Kressly 28th November 2021 Leave a Comment
Everyone deserves a happy ending, and as we head towards the festive season, messages of hope and forgiveness start to provide us with a real sense of magic.
'Hopeful & joyful without being sickly sweet': THE MAGICIAN'S ELEPHANT – Stratford-upon-Avon (RSC) ★★★★
In Musicals, Opinion, Other Recent Articles, Regional theatre, Reviews by Debbie Gilpin 22nd November 2021 Leave a Comment
My first time back in Stratford-upon-Avon since February 2019, and roughly three years since I'd last stepped foot in the Royal Shakespeare Theatre – and after seeing some rehearsal footage of this new show, I was excited to see what this had turned into.
'A sweet, warm-hearted Christmas show': THE MAGICIAN'S ELEPHANT – Stratford-upon-Avon (RSC)
In Musicals, Opinion, Other Recent Articles, Regional theatre, Reviews by Mark Shenton 5th November 2021 Leave a Comment
The Magician's Elephant re-opens the Royal Shakespeare Theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon after some 19 months of closure. It's the same slot that famously produced Matilda.
Puppetry, top casting & other reasons you should see The Magician's Elephant
In Features, Musicals, Opinion, Other Recent Articles, Regional theatre by Debbie Gilpin 22nd October 2021 Leave a Comment
The RSC's brand-new musical, an adaptation of The Magician's Elephant, started performances this week at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon. Earlier this month, the company opened its rehearsal room doors for a sneak peek. Why should you add this show to your list of autumn treats?
NEWS: Further casting is announced for the RSC premiere of The Magician's Elephant
In Musicals, Native, News, Other Recent Articles, Press Releases, Regional theatre by Press Releases 20th August 2021
The Royal Shakespeare Company has announced further casting for The Magician's Elephant, a new musical by Nancy Harris (book/lyrics) and Marc Teitler (music/lyrics) based on the novel by prize-winning children's author Kate DiCamillo.
NEWS: RSC will focus its 2021 Stratford-upon-Avon programme in the Royal Shakespeare Theatre
In Musicals, Native, News, Online shows, Plays, Press Releases, Regional theatre by Press Releases 6th October 2020
The Royal Shakespeare Company will focus its programming in the Royal Shakespeare Theatre Stratford-upon-Avon over the coming year, with the Swan Theatre and The Other Place remaining closed until 2022
NEWS: RSC confirms rescheduled programme for winter 2021
In Musicals, Native, News, Plays, Press Releases, Regional theatre, Touring by Press Releases 15th July 2020
The Royal Shakespeare Company has confirmed full performance dates for its previously scheduled productions of The Magician's Elephant and The Wars of The Roses Part 1 and 2 which will now take place in Winter 2021.
NEWS: RSC's winter season features musical version of The Magician's Elephant & epic Wars of the Roses staging
In Musicals, Native, News, Plays, Press Releases, Regional theatre, Sticky, Touring by Press Releases 4th February 2020
The RSC's winter season features a musical version of The Magician's Elephant & an epic Wars of the Roses staging.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Measles - United States, 1986
A provisional total of 6,273 cases of measles in the United States was reported to the MMWR for 1986. This represents a 2.2-fold increase over the 2,822 cases reported in 1985, but is still 98% below the reported incidence in prevaccine years (Figure 1). The overall incidence rate increased from 1.2 cases per 100,000 population in 1985 to 2.7/100,000 in 1986. Nine states and New York City accounted for 4,941 (78.8%) of the cases: New York City reported 945; New Jersey, 911; Illinois, 710; California, 486; Texas, 397; Florida, 395; Wisconsin, 287; Arkansas, 278; South Carolina, 274; and Arizona, 258. Eleven states and New York City had incidence rates greater than 4/100,000 population: New York City had a rate of 13.4; New Jersey, 12.4; Arkansas, 12.2; Arizona, 9.3; South Carolina, 8.8; Wisconsin, 6.2; Illinois, 6.2; New Hampshire, 4.7; Iowa, 4.6; Washington, 4.3; Kansas 4.2; and Florida, 4.1. During 1986, 46 states and 347 (11.1%) of the 3,138 counties in the United States reported measles, compared with 38 states and 220 (7.0%) counties in 1985.
This report is based on detailed information reported to CDC's Division of Immunization on 6,255 of the provisional total of 6,273 cases for 1986. Of these, 96.9% met the standard case definition for measles *, and 34.2% were serologically confirmed. The usual seasonal pattern was observed, with the peak of the cases occurring in April (Figure 2). Otitis media was reported in 338 (5.4%) cases; pneumonia, in 152 (2.4%); and encephalitis, in 9 (0.1%). There were no deaths associated with measles.
One hundred and twenty-eight cases (2.0%) were known to be imported from other countries. An additional 123 (2.0%) cases were epidemiologically linked to imported cases within two generations of rash onset. There were 98 outbreaks (five or more epidemiologically related cases), accounting for 91.0% of all cases during 1986. Index cases were identified for 52 (53.1%) of outbreaks. Ten outbreaks with more than 100 cases each accounted for 58.8% of all reported cases.
In all age groups, the 1986 incidence rate was higher than the 1985 rate (Table 1) (1). The highest incidence rate in 1986 was reported among preschool-aged children<5 years of age (13.0 cases/100,000 population). Five states had outbreaks occurring predominantly among unvaccinated preschoolers. New Jersey had the highest incidence rate in preschoolers (108.9), followed by New York (56.4), Illinois (33.0) Florida (29.2), and Arizona (28.9). Of the total 2,454 preschool-aged children with measles, 692 (28.2%) were infants<1 year of age; 423 (17.2%) were 12-14 months of age; 114 (4.6%) were 15 months of age; and 1,225 (49.9%) were 16 months-4 years of age.
Of the 3,528 patients (56.4%) for whom the setting of transmission was reported, 1930 (547%) acquired measles in school (174 of these patients were on 21 college campuses); 689 (19.7%) acquired measles at home; 239 (6.8%), in medical settings; and 148 (4.2%), in day-care centers. The remaining cases were acquired in a variety of different settings, including churches, prisons, military training facilities, and the work place.
The vaccination status of patients in 1985 and 1986 was similar. Of the 6,255 patients reported for 1986, 39.3% had been appropriately vaccinated, including 992 (15.9%) who were vaccinated at 12-14 months of age and 1,466 (23.4%) who were vaccinated at >=15 months of age. A total of 3,509 (56.1%) measles patients were unvaccinated, and 288 (4.6%) had histories of inadequate vaccination (vaccinated before the first birthday).
Of the 6,255 cases, 2,278 (36.4%) were classified as preventable (Table 2) (2). However, there were striking age-specific differences among them. The highest proportion of preventable cases occurred among persons who were not of school age: 83.2% of cases among children 16 months-4 years of age were preventable, as were 72.2% of cases among persons 20-29 years of age. In contrast, 29.4% of cases among school-aged persons (5-19 years of age) were preventable.
Of the 3,977 nonpreventable cases, 1,230 (30.9%) were among persons too young for routine vaccination (<16 months of age), and 194 (5.0% were among persons too old (born before 1957); 2,377 (59.8%) had been vaccinated on or after their first birthday. Forty-eight cases (1.2%) occurred among foreign-born visitors to the United States. One hundred and twenty-eight (3.2%) patients had not been vaccinated because they either had medical contraindications or were exempt under state law (Table 3).
Fever (38.3 C {101 F} or higher, if measured), generalized rash lasting 3 or more days, and at least one of the following: cough, coryza, or conjunctivitis.
Reported by: Div of Immunization, Center for Prevention Svcs CDC.
Editorial Note: Since measles vaccine was licensed in 1963, the incidence of measles has declined to approximately 1%-2% of that reported in the prevaccine era (3). However, increases in the number of reported cases have occurred annually since the record low in 1983, when 1,497 cases were reported. There were more cases in 1986 than in any year since 1980, when 13,506 cases were reported (Figure 3).
In 1986, as in 1985, preschool-aged children had the highest reported incidence rate. Forty percent of all measles cases occurred among this age group in 1986. This high incidence was the result of several outbreaks which involved a substantial proportion of preschool-age children (4-6). These outbreaks occurred in densely populated, socioeconomically depressed urban areas. Immunization levels among preschoolers are known to be lower than those among school-aged children in many areas of the United States, and unvaccinated preschoolers were clustered in the areas where these outbreaks occurred. Large outbreaks also occurred among secondary school students in 1986, and they accounted for the increased incidence rate in this age group. A smaller proportion of reported cases occurred on college campuses than in previous years (1).
Although the number of measles cases reported in 1986 is still only about 2% of that in the prevaccine era, the increase in the number of cases in 1986 is of concern. There may be many reasons for this large increase; however, unvaccinated preschool-aged children and vaccine failures in school-aged children are two of the major ones.
Preventable cases are the result of a failure to fully implement the current measles elimination strategy. Unvaccinated preschoolers 16 months-4 years of age accounted for 44.7% of the total preventable cases in 1986. Preschool-aged children are difficult to reach because they are often not enrolled in institutions that require vaccination. Greater efforts need to be directed at increasing immunization levels in this age group. Complete implementation of the immunization requirements for measles prior to school entry, which exist in all states, should decrease the number of preventable measles cases in the school-aged population.
A substantial proportion of cases continue to occur in appropriately vaccinated individuals. A variety of different strategies have been suggested to decrease the number of these cases, including a routine 2-dose schedule and mass or selective revaccination either routinely or during an outbreak. Because only a small percentage of persons who were vaccinated at >= 12 months of age are susceptible and because identification of these susceptible persons is difficult, all of these strategies would result in administration of a large proportion of vaccine to persons who are already immune. Some studies have demonstrated lower vaccine efficacy and higher attack rates in persons vaccinated at 12-14 months of age (the recommended age for vaccination in the United States from 1965 to 1976 was 12 months of age) compared with those vaccinated at the currently recommended age of 15 months (7). While routine revaccination of persons vaccinated at 12-14 months of age is not recommended *, revaccination during selected outbreaks, particularly those in junior and senior high schools, may be considered (8).
While the continuing problem of measles in previously vaccinated persons suggests that additional strategies may be needed to eliminate measles from the United States, the present measles elimination strategy needs to be implemented more fully to decrease the number of preventable cases. Progress in measles control in other countries will also reduce the number of measles cases imported into the United States.
Vaccination at 12 months of age is still highly effective (>80%).
CDC. Measles-United States, 1985. MMWR 1986;35:366-70.
CDC. Classification of measles cases and categorization of measles elimination programs. MMWR 198331:707-11.
CDC. Measles surveillance report no. 11, 1977-1981. Atlanta, Georgia: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, 1982.
CDC. Measles-Arizona. MMWR 1986;35:99-100, 105-7.
CDC. Measles-New Jersey. MMWR 198635:213-5.
CDC. Measles-Dade County, Florida. MMWR 198736:45-8.
Orenstein WA, Markowitz L, Preblud SR, Hinman AR, Tomas A, Bart KJ. Appropriate age for measles vaccination in the United States. Dev Biol Stand 1986:65:13-21.
ACIP. Measles prevention. MMWR 1987 (In press).


Mick Davidson is a full time technical writer and semi-full time fiction author. He also finds time for both guitar playing and photography. When not being creative, he is heavily involved in Staring Out The Window research.
He is definitely in the market for publication and agent representation.
The links in my blog are doors to adventures and other countries, they don't all land in the most obvious puddle.


A gorgeous card! Merry Christmas to you. Hope it's a happy and safe one.
He is adorable! Amazing how brave they can be. Had one come to my back yard a couple times to have a kip.
Just came across this picture. It's beautiful!! A lovely serene atmosphere.
Words can't describe the beauty in this photo. It is awe inspiring and so peaceful. I wish I could have sat there and enjoyed it as well.
So pretty! Wish I was there.
Stunning!! Would make a beautiful note card!
Beautiful! Love the reflection, it's so clear.
Just saw this again. Such a beautiful picture. I just love this little bird. Such a special picture. Can I buy a print from you to hang on my wall?
Lovely! He is so adorable!
A beautiful creature. Wish I could pet him and make him purr!
That's a bit different!! Great picture!
I love this picture! Especially the way it draws your eye to the center as if the close tunnel is spinning while looking at the far tunnel. Very cool!
As soon as I saw this picture I knew you took it Shaun. I love it! What a sweet face. I could just go up and cuddle this tiger and make him purr!
Lovely picture. He is so adorable!
Great picture! Looks pretty tall standing upright!!
That is the cutest little monkey I have ever seen!
Great picture Jason!! I love it there.
I love crocus! They are so pretty. Thanks for sharing.
LOL, she sure looks like it!! Sweet little thing she is.
Love these stone walls. Thanks for these photos, my grandmother was born in Littleborough on James Street in 1902. Wish I could come see the area.
AWWWWWWWWWW!!!!!!! Sweet Kitty!!!!!!!!! I love this picture!
What a gorgeous kitty! She/He is so happy to be there. Those eyes tell all.
WOW!! Awesome photograph!! I love how the sun highlights that rock and makes it look powerfully strong!
Wished I could see the scenery!
Terry, Lexi is sooooo adorable. Her coloring looks Siamese. You are so lucky to have such a precious little kitty! I just love the way those blue eyes pop out!
AWWWWWW!!! What a gorgeous kitten. A very lovely shot. Would do great as a note card.
This is such a sweet picture. They are adorable! Who are they? The water pump is pretty cool too!
Great shot. They are so beautiful.
LOL, that is so funny!! You might have to crack them before you can wear them!!
Adorable picture. One very happy dog!
HOLY COW! That is an AWESOME picture! I LOVE IT!
Awwwww, love those sad eyes. They are just calling for someone to pet him.
What did you do to upset him Shaun? LOL Maybe he doesn't like his picture taken.
He is so handsome! If I could just hug and kiss him and scratch behind his ear!!
You are lucky Don! So cute! Nature is wonderful!
So adorable! Love those ears!!
Gorgeous!! What is the name of this bird?
That is a gorgeous rose!!
Beautiful roses. Love the color.
Great picture! Looks like he posed for you!
Nice to be up in the clouds! Awesome picture!
Cute, wonder if she is ready to deliver?
Looks like a lovely place. Will have to go there on my next visit!
Beautiful portrait!! He looks very handsome!
Awwwww! So cute!! Love how that blue lights up his eyes!!
What a cute face!! I love the eyelashes! Sweet little thing.
I am just seeing this Shaun. I absolutely adore this picture. What a very cute little puppy. Oh how I wish I could have one, so soft and cuddly!
He is so beautiful!!! What gorgeous eyes! And such long whiskers. Thanks for sharing Ray!
A beautiful portrait!! A very handsome dog!!
Fantastic tour Peter! I thoroughly enjoyed it.
That is a very interesting piece of architecture! Very pretty!
What a fantastic shot!! It is spooky. Tells me Fall is right around the corner!
Lovely picture!! Oh to have a cat's life!!
I want to live here!! Is breathtaking!! So peaceful and colorful.
Another beauty!! This would make a great painting too.
Sooooo Cute! Big kisses for Lester and a good ear scratch!!
WOW!! Peggy this is gorgeous!! It would make a fantastic oil painting. The colors in the water are great.
I love this picture!! What a great angle!
Great picture, it's making me hungry. I sure miss cornish pasties.
Awesome pictures as usual Jason!
This is a great picture except for one problem. What is it????? When did this happen and what got blown up?
Wonderful picture Shaun. Cathyml couldn't have said it any better! It is great to see children having fun.
ummmm yummm yummmm!! I love this picture!! He is gorgeous!! Love those paws!
WOW! Gorgeous picture! I love the deep colors.
A lovely picture. Thanks for sharing Christine. My grandmother started out her life until the age of 5 on James Street in Littleborough. Someday I will get to see it in person.
Love this picture. English Robins are so adorable!
Great shot and a beautiful horse!
Pretty church! And the horse is beautiful too!
Gorgeous house. Glad I don't have to wash all those windows!!
Gorgeous picture. An adorable cottage!
Oh he is so cute!! Great shot!!
They are so pretty! Great picture.
Beautiful bird! Can't get over how long those wings are!
This is gorgeous!! I hope I can have one in my garden when I move over there!!
That is odd! Looks like a strange close encounter!
A very lovely picture! Wish I was there right now!
YUM! Tasty snack! Great picture too!
Love, love, love this picture! Cute kitty!!
I just had to take the time to comment on this. Shaun, it is absolutely gorgeous!! This picture should be displayed in a building, office, home, everywhere!
Awwwww. He looks sad! Like "Where's my dinner?"
I love this!! My cats Dusty and Ralphie used to do the same thing!!
I love this picture Roy! Love how it is framed by the tree. So beautiful!
Soooo cute!! Looks like he is on a mission to keep things in order!
So sad. He is missing somebody very special.
So cute! Look at the muscular build and the way he carries himself! On a mission I'd say!
I'd say he looks a bit grouchy!! But oh so cute!
Looking a bit Regal there!
AWWWWW!! He looks like my Rascal!
Great capture!! I love it!
Awesome! I LOVE this picture! Gives me an inner peace.
Very creative! Wish I had talent like that!
Sooo cute!! That's one plant my cats wouldn't try to eat!!
That looks wild! So cool!
Peaceful enough for a snooze! Be very quiet, shhhhh!!! Don't want to wake her!
This is so cool! Would love to have something like that in my yard.
I love this, it actually looks cozy!
Bet that poor chap messed his pants!!!
Poor things! Looks like they had part of their skin shaved off!
I love this picture! What fun! Makes me laugh! Thanks Rob!
A very lovely picture. So warm and inviting. A great piece to hang in your living room!
Just seeing this. Beautiful picture of tulips. The are so warm and inviting.
I love these flowers. They are so cheerful! Great picture Steph!
Great pic Steph. I love the colours!
AWESOME!! I wanted to get a pic of the moon last night but my camera was not good enough. Glad you caught it Shaun!
Every time I see this it takes my breath away!
Great picture Steph. I like the depth of it.
Poor baby!! He is so beautiful!
Looks beautiful! Wish I was there!
I agree with you Shaun! Gorgeous rose!!
Wonderful picture. Love the structure of the building.
Love this picture but the sky and color of the stone make it look a little eerie!!
I love this picture!! Love the depth.
Very pretty Pat. Flowers always make me feel more cheerful!
Great shot Shaun! I don't know why but this picture makes me think of biblical times.
Excellent!! Absolutely gorgeous!! I am in love with that sky!
Sorry to hear about your fingers David! But I think it was well worth it!!! It's beautiful!
What a cute little fella!!! Great pic Stephanie!
Love the clouds, fantastic picture.
Not just one but two beauties!! Great shot!!
Awwww. I love those paws!!!
Awwww!! So sweet he is!
Just saw this one. So eerie!! I love it!!
Absolutely gorgeous!! I sure wish my dad could see this!
This is a gorgeous photograph!!
Very Pretty! I love the contrast!
Beautiful colors! Hope the weather isn't too bad.
Stunning!! Everyone of them is awesome Jason!!!
Great shot!! Gorgeous bird! But what is it?
Awwww!!!!!! Rodney, he is soooooo cute!! Looks like my Rascal!
Gorgeous picture!! Looks so peaceful!!
Awwwww!!! This is an adorable picture!
Beautiful Lyn! Looks like a painting.
Beautiful picture Barbara! Quaint little cottage!
I love all of these pictures Sue!! They are so warm and inviting.
No matter what it is it is gorgeous!!!
I love these pictures JOhn. They are so beautiful!
Love this picture!! It's gorgeous!!
It is Peggy, I found another one here. http://www.fotosearch.com/photos-images/pheasant.html Great shot by the way!
Cool picture. At first I thought I was looking through a fence!
I love this picture!!!! 20 stars!!!
An amazing shot!! The colours are fantastic!!
Hey, I can see the man in the moon!!! Way cool!!!
WOW Stephanie, that is so cool!
That is awesome! Somebody is very talented!
I love those whiskers!!! Such a sweet cat!
Lester is such a ham!!! What a handsome fella!!
This is gorgeous!! I love all of your pictures!!
I love this picture. It makes me smile and feel happy.
What a beautiful area. So peaceful and relaxing!
I love this picture. The garden is gorgeous! Not to mention the house too for what I can see of it!
Very pretty church. I love the columns.
This is cool! Looks like a picture of biblical times.
Great shot Jason! I love the way the stairs are lit up and the green on the wall.
Excellent!! Very dramatic and colorful!
Great picture. Love the archways and the stain glass window.
Nice picture. Doesn't look very comfy!
This is so adorable. Lovely picture!
Very pretty. I love the glow of the sun on everything and the color of the sky.
This is so cool!! I love the sheep around the stone!
This is beautiful! I love the colors and the placement of the moon to the stone.
Very Pretty shop. I love the garden.
This is a beauty. Love the way the sun adds a glow to everything and the rays going up into the leaves of the tree.
Way cool!!! Love that mist, it makes it mysterious!
I love this picture. The colors are fantastic! Wish I was there laying in the grass enjoying the peace.
I LOVE this picture. It's beautiful!!
Lyn, all of your pictures are gorgeous!!!
Don't know how I missed this one but it is so pretty Lorraine. Looks so peaceful and relaxing.
Lovely picture. Looks like a peaceful and relaxing way to travel.
WOW! This is so cool. Looks like you could walk across the water and fall into the sky!
Great picture. I love the colors.
Gorgeous! Very serene and peaceful. Wish I was there!
Lovely picture John. I love the colors.
Gorgeous Babs! I love it!!
Lovely picture Sue. Looks very peaceful.
Even so it's very pretty and peaceful.
WOW Jason, all of these pictures are gorgeous! I love how sharp and colorful they are.
I love the colors in this picture. Pretty fish!
Pretty picture. I love the railings.
Very pretty. Love the architecture!
Beautiful picture, so peaceful and pretty.
Awesome pictures Lyn. I'd love to have the set to hang on my wall! I love the reflections.
Wow Peter, this is gorgeous!!
Hi Mark! No, only a UV filter on the lens; there were a lot of lights on the car though. Thanks for your comment.
Gorgeous picture John! I love the lighting, reflections and the colors.
What kind of a tree is it? The blossoms are beautiful!!
Interesting building. I like the different textures. Color is fabulous.
Beautiful picture. Love the colors.
Great sign! Always wanted to try a maze.
This is scary! LOL. Looks like the hall Dorothy, Scarecrow, Lion and Tin Man had to walk to see the Wizard. My knees are shaking!
Gorgeous picture! The color are awesome!
Very pretty. Love the reflections.
Amazing to think that a train once ran through there.
Pretty church. I love the entryway and the shape of the windows.
Absolutely gorgeous!! I would love to be standing in the middle of it right now.
Lovely Paul. The promise of Spring.
I love the sound of water running through the wilderness. Great picture!!
AAAWWWWWW!!!!!! Those faces are calling me for a belly rub and a treat!!
Nice photo. The roof looks like it weights a ton!
What a lovely row of cottages.
Looks nice. Bet it's warm and cozy inside.
So cozy! I love the floors.
Nice to see they left the fireplace there.
Looks like a lovely place to visit. Very cheerful looking.
Beautiful sky and lovely colors.
Great picture Stephanie. Looks very peaceful.
Those fountains look like fun!
Wow, gorgeous building against that blue sky!
Love this Barb. Those phone boxes really stand out!
Love this picture Barb. Love the architecture of the buildings.
WOW, these are awesome Roy!!
Looks like a lovely place for a stroll.
Would love to see it one day.
Looks like she is working hard.
Looks like a quiet and friendly place to visit.
Reminds me of the long and winding road.
I love the character of this building!
I've never seen so much green. It's beautiful!
LOL at Mike! I bet they did too!! Great picture Barb!!
That is the cutest dog ever!!! Must be a Cavalier King Charles Spaniel!!
Very nice John. Would love to spend some time there.
This is really cool John!
I love that busy tail! He is quite handsome!
He looks like somebody placed a plastic beak on him.
Nice shot James. Love the rainbow.
I love it Barb! Wish I had one!
Beautiful Ted, thanks for capturing!
Wow, he looks like he has been well fed! Handsome little guy!
WOW, the colors in this are gorgeous!
This is a fantastic picture! I love it!
Great catch James. He is beautiful!
I love those mountains Karen!
Wow Roy! You're always outdoing yourself!
This is very spiritual. I love it.
Looks like white water rafting fun!
I love this picture. Very pretty and peaceful.
My favorite flower. Beautiful color.
Absolutely gorgeous! What a "feel good" picture!
This is an awesome picture! Brilliant colors!!
WOW, Ted, I love these coastal pictures! Beautiful!!
Beautiful shot! Hard to believe that statue is only being held on by the toes!
What a clever way to keep your plants!
These fellas are so cute!
Absolutely gorgeous!! I love the sky!!
This is way cool! I love peacocks!
Glad it was rescued! Looks nice!
Great picture! Love the color of the water!
Beautiful! I love how the color of the sky reflects in the water.
Great picture Mark. I love wildflowers!
Wow, looks like San Francisco!
I have this same heather in my yard and it is starting to bloom already!
This is a gorgeous photo! Well done!
Great picture Barbara! Love the colors on the water!
Nice picture Steve! I love the reflections.
I love the reflection of the sky in this picture!
Great picture! He looks lost!
Wow Jason, these are beautiful yet creepy at the same time!
Awesome! I wonder what he is thinking?
Best train shot I have seen!
Lyn, these pictures are gorgeous!
Beautiful Ray! Very peaceful too.
This is gorgeous Sue. I love the rays of sunlight.
The Lost Sheep! Very cute!
Cool photos Andy! Very colorful planes!
Reminds me of Johns Hopkins in Baltimore, Maryland. It is gorgeous!
Poor little thing looks frozen!
Beautiful picture! I love the tree!
What a great before and after shot in one!
Love this shot with the clear reflections surrounded by green.
How did I ever miss this one! It is fantastic! My favorite flower besides Hydrangeas. The color is superb!!
Great shot. The grounds are very pretty!
I can feel the gentle breeze that is blowing the reeds. It is very peaceful!
And the same with this one too! Exceptional!
Oh Peter, This is exquisite!
Very nice picture Peter. Bet their view is beautiful!
Soooo cute. I love his little face!
Wow, this is a cool picture. I love the reflections.
Shame they tore down the home.
I love this picture. It is beautiful!
Fascinating picture. Very dramatic sky yet a peaceful reflection.
I love this picture! Wonder what he is laughing at?
Great picture! Love the coloring!
Nice photo! I love the reflection!
Great picture Gary! They are so cute!
They are so cute! Love this picture!
This is awesome! Truly spectacular!
Awwesome Picture Lyn! Glad I got to see it!
Love this one Lyn! Very Pretty!
What a beautiful spot to relax!! Wish I was there!
Where did everybody go? I can't see you! Nice shot Gavin!!
Looks like a monster Mick! Nice picture!
Makes me think of Harry Potter!!
Great catch Andy. Love it!
Beautiful picture Roy, I love the colors!
Cool shot, esp. with the smoke coming out of the chimney!
I just love these pictures. Thanks Alan!
I love these pictures Roy! Wish I could be there going for a stroll!
I feel cold looking at them! The poor things!
Awesome Jason! I love it!
very nice Jan and peaceful!
Great picture of a lovely cottage and garden!
How did I miss this one? Absolutely stunning!
Gorgeous Peter. I have pink heather like this in my front yard!
Another stunning picture! Oh how I wish I was there!
I am just seeing this one. Gorgeous!!
Gorgeous colors Roy! And I love the sky too!
I love these walking paths Roy! They are just stunning!
This is a great picture Lyn!
beautiful picture Roy. I love these walking paths! So peaceful!
I love this path. Beautiful!
Cool picture! Must be Zorro!
I love this landscape Sue. Stunning!
AAWWWW! He is so cute!
Love the lighting and reflections.
Just seeing this. It is gorgeous!
This is cool. I love the seating!
Another great place for a peaceful walk. Looks romantic!
Great picture Lyn. Love it!
Great picture Roy. Would love to be taking a walk there right now.
Great shot. Cute little fella!
That is one fat cat!!
"I'm keeping my eye on you!" Great pic.
John, I love all these pictures submitted today. Very nice!
Just found this one. Very pretty!
Well hello fella! Can I pet you? Good picture Sue!
Do you drink out of yours?
Don't know how I missed this one but it is gorgeous!!
Sue all these pictures are great. Love the peaceful look of them.
These pics are very pretty!
Another great Christmas card picture!
Great shot. Love the stars!
This is pretty. I love the sky and colors.
Oh Chris, I absolutely love these animal pics. They are fabulous!!!!
I love this pics. We love cats of all kinds!
This is beautiful! So are the others!
Nice place for a romantic walk.
Very pretty Lyn. Is that a Fushia plant?
Awesome!!!! I say 10 stars!!!!
This is pretty. I love all the colors. Looks like Baltimore skies!
This is beautiful. Would make a lovely Christmas card!
This is pretty and peaceful. Love the clouds.
I love the colors in this pic. Beautiful shot.
The trees are so beautiful against that sky!
These pics are beautiful Jason.
This looks spooky! Great Halloween pic! All your pics are great!
More great pics. These are so beautiful!
This is beautiful Emma! Would love to hang this in my living room.
This pic is so cheerful.
WOW, Another beauty! I love the ripple in the water too.
I don't see a fallen tree as much as I see angels singing above the tree tops.
I love the effect of this one with the refection on the water.
Gorgeous picture Jason. Would make a great poster!
I love this scene Steph. Would be a lovely walk.
Love this picture. How perfect to get the sun right in the center.
I love this picture. Looks so quaint and peaceful.
These are amazing! What a talent you have!
I love these shots. Fantastic!
This is fantastic. Love the mist!
I love this pic. Ray, it is very peaceful. Wish I was there enjoying the sun.
Love this pic. Hard to get a shot as clear as this.
Love these Karen. Love the reflection.
I love these gardens. Wish mine looked that good!
gorgeous! Love all your pics!
Great shot Steph. He might be weird looking but he sure is colorful!
This reminds me of "All Creatures Great and Small."
Love your pics. They are beautiful!
I love these pics. Looks peaceful.
Looks like a nice place for a walk and a picnic!
cute cat. Looks like my cuddles!
Great picture Stephanie. I think he is listening for you to tell him something.
I love these pictures. The sky is so beautiful!
WOW Great picture. They are hard to capture.
Wish I was there now. Very pretty!
I love all of your bird pictures. They are beautiful!
Hi Lyn, these birds are so beautiful. I love the way you captures them.
That is one cool pice of art. Wish I had one in my back yard!
This is beautiful, I love the colors.
He looks like he is smiling. What a happy face!
Very relaxing and peaceful. Love the colors.
his is so beautiful, Wish I could have seen in person.
this is fabulous. Almost like Heavenly light coming through the door.
Jason, this is amazing! Breath taking! I'd rate you 10 stars if I could!
I would love walking this path looking for birds.
I love this picture. It looks so peaceful.
I love this picture. The sky is beautiful.
that is one massive ship. Would love to be on it.
Love the look on the bird's face. Kinda like he is reading you!
spectacular! Really a ten star photo!
love this shot Peter. I love the water, to listen to the sounds of the sea.
Love this picture. Go for a walk?
Love this picture. Whoever planted the pansies is very creative.
Andy. I love this picture. All the ones in this group help me to see what like is like in the country.
This is beautiful. Makes you feel like you wish you were a fairy sitting amongst the flowers.
The water color is breathtaking.
I love this. They are so adorable!
WOW. I wish I could just jump in that picture and walk the path!


She is never far away when a treat or snack is offered around the office and is usually back for seconds. If you ever want to thank Hannah for her recruitment advice chocolate is definitely the best way.
Hannah is in charge of graduate and junior level roles in the media sector at Caselton Clark. Having only graduated a few years ago herself, she is able to relate to candidates easily and is able to provide advice based on her own experiences. Getting your first role is daunting and Hannah is well placed to guide you through the process.
Hannah's contribution at her local Dog Rescue Centre was the obvious interest to highlight from her CV. A lover of animals, especially her two Black Labradors Freddie and Max, she volunteered as a dog walker as abandoned dogs were finding new homes.
Having a degree is important but should not necessarily dictate the direction of your career. Keep an open mind when applying for roles – skills you have might be transferable to a sales, production or operations role within media. Make sure you highlight this on your CV – keep it simple, clear and concise but emphasise the skills that would be good for that particular job.
As well as working with some of the best known media companies in events and media, Hannah is able to help with CV writing and interview advice.
If you want to find out more about the event industry read our information guide here.
If you have any questions or want to find out about the media and events industry get in touch – hannah@caseltonclark.co.uk or 020 3008 7549.


May involve: working at the gallery reception desk, greeting visitors/patrons, information/visitor relations, answering telephones, computer entry, sales assistant in The Store, artist/artwork entry registration for exhibits, etc.
May involve: Assisting with general and arts programming events set-up, breakdown, and/or cleanup, serving beverages (alcohol requires RBS certificate- age 21 or over), serving refreshments, food preparation/service, event decor, ticketing and/or ushering, Sebastopol Documentary Film Festival (SDFF), etc.
Get Involved. Share your Voice. Join our Team.
Sebastopol Center for the Arts prides itself on being a volunteer driven organization.
Our arts programming continues to thrive with the assistance of a dedicated and diverse community of supporters, who generously offer their valuable time, skills and resources.
If you have an interest in the arts and have some time to share, we invite you to join our team!
At SCA, we believe that every single volunteer makes a difference- professional experience in the Visual, Performing or Film Arts is not necessary.
May involve: assisting with tasks such as filing, sorting, collating, computer entry, etc.
For further information and/or questions about volunteering at SCA, please contact Elizabeth Machado, Administrative Assistant. elizabethm@sebarts.org. Phone: 707-829-4797 x1004.


text:
Carroll: Sounds of Ellwood
A city has a voice and sometimes it whispers and murmurs and sometimes it sings or screams, but it makes sounds. It was easier to hear these sounds in the summer because back then the windows were open.
I didn't know anyone who had air conditioning, even in a car, so the windows were open. Going down the road in the car was hard on hair-dos. Men and kids didn't care. Women wore head scarves to protect their do.
With your windows open and the neighbors' windows open, too, you could hear a radio playing, a child practicing the piano or a fretful baby. The open windows also made family arguments public property. We knew who was angry at whom over what and we could hear them giving them what for. It was a little like radio only you personally knew all the actors.
We knew what the neighbors were having for lunch or supper because we could smell it on the air. The smell of bread or gingerbread baking was particularly mouth watering.
Kids spent their time outside making the unique noises of children playing. Jacks, jumping rope and hopscotch were all very popular with girls. Boys and girls both played marbles, but it seemed it was much more popular with boys.
Back then girls were at a disadvantage when it came to getting down on the ground or the sidewalk because we always wore dresses.
The game of choice for boys was mumbley peg. There may have been a state law against girls participating since I never saw a female playing the game. Mumbley peg was played by two or more boys, each with a jackknife in a shady spot in the grass. It seemed that every boy had a pocket knife. I think that has gone out of style in a big way.
Singing was popular and you could often hear groups of girls sitting on someone's porch singing the hit songs of the day or some oldies. Boys seemed to do their singing in larger groups and out on the sidewalks or on corners.
We could hear all the things going on around us because there was no loud music and there were no power mowers or weed whackers or any machines working outside. The push mower made its own sound but it was pleasant at least to those listening but not so much to the pusher.
The movie theaters were air-conditioned and they bragged about it. A Saturday afternoon in the cool darkness with Sunset Carson on the screen was a treat worth walking across the Hazel Dell Bridge even on the hottest day. As an adult I have seen some old films of Sunset Carson and I think I was a disturbed child. He was a terrible actor and the film clips I saw make me think I must have had some mental problem that I would walk anywhere to see his movies. I grew up all right even if Sunset was my hero. I'm still a sucker for a guy in white hat.
There was some traffic but certainly nothing compared with today. First of all, few people owned cars and people were used to walking and toting what they bought. There were buses that people could ride for 10 or 15 cents, which was a lot of money.
Bars were referred to as beer gardens and I'm not sure why since they weren't outside and sure didn't smell like flowers. Some bars were noisy and so if you lived near one, you knew it was pay day or Saturday night without looking at a calendar.
The Tube Mill was a big part of our lives and the mill made its own noises, which were part of the sound our city made. When the mill's whistles blew we knew what they meant. I would be glad to tell you all about that, but I don't remember what the different ones stood for, but I bet one or more of you do.
The Tube Mill whistle always blew at 1 p.m. When I moved back to Ellwood, I told my children it meant it was time to take a nap. It wasn't my fault that they had to lie down.
They were soon programmed to do so when the whistle blew. I bet even today when they hear a whistle like that, they yawn.
In the hot summer we slept despite the heat. We simply didn't know any better. We tried to get as close to an open window as possible and often slept with our heads at the bottom of the bed because someone told us it was cooler in the middle of the room than it was near the walls. There were no air conditioners and no fans in the windows, and remember the houses were not insulated, so it was hot. In those good old days it was often almost unbearably hot, and that wasn't good.
My favorite sound was the soft, almost musical sound of the tubes in the rolling mill. I only heard these at night in bed and it was a signal that all was right in my world.
It was the sound of men working. It was one of the sounds of Ellwood City.
Louise Carroll can be reached online at wlc7@verizon.net.


text:
Main Stream Scientists Attribute The Development Of An Atmosphere On Ceres To 'Solar Activity'
dericiousknitty April 10, 2017 Earth Changes, Eyes to See, Nibiru
Astronomers have suspected that Ceres, the dwarf planet that inhabits the asteroid belt, might have a very thin atmosphere, which comes and goes over time.
Researchers thought that it could be influenced by how close or far Ceres is from the Sun around its orbit but a new study, published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, suggests that the atmosphere is created when the Sun is more active.
"We think the occurrence of Ceres' transient atmosphere is the product of solar activity," lead author Michaela Villarreal said in a statement. Energetic particles from the Sun hits water ice present on the surface of the dwarf planet. This process, called "sputtering", could explain the observations of this vanishing act of an atmosphere.
Hints of an atmosphere were first detected in 1991 by the International Ultraviolet Explorer. Different telescopes and space observatories have looked since then with mixed results. NASA's Dawn reached Ceres in 2015 and it discovered extensive deposits of ice.
Some assumed that Ceres was behaving like a comet. As its orbit took it closer to the Sun, its outer layer would begin to sublimate. But the detection periods didn't match with the planet's orbit.
"Sublimation probably is present, but we don't think it's significant enough to produce the amount of exosphere that we're seeing," Villarreal added.
Animation of the Hydrogen content of Ceres. Blue is high and red is low. NASA/JPL-Caltech/UCLA/MPS/DLR/IDA/PSI
In its mission around Ceres, the spacecraft was able to identify the thin atmosphere, technically known as an exosphere. It also measured how many high energy particles were present around the dwarf planet. The team has shown that the detections of the exosphere coincide with a particularly active Sun.
"Our results also have implications for other airless, water-rich bodies of the solar system, including the polar regions of the moon and some asteroids," said Chris Russell, principal investigator of the Dawn mission, also at UCLA. "Atmospheric releases might be expected from their surfaces, too, when solar activity erupts."
The Sun is about to enter a quiet period, so Ceres might say goodbye to its atmosphere for now.
Original Article:http://www.iflscience.com/space/solar-activity-is-responsible-for-ceres-temporary-atmosphere-/
Read More:Mystery Of Bright Lights On Ceres Grows
Read More:What Has Affected Pluto's Atmosphere? Clouds Spotted In Latest New Horizon Images
Read More:Interplanetary Climate Change: Major Changes In Our Solar System
astrophysical journal letters, Ceres, chris russell, developed atmosphere, dwarf planet, international ultraviolet explorer, interplanetary climate change, michaela villareal, Nasa, NASA's DAWN, sputtering, sublimation, vanishing atmosphere
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We must fight the good fight, opposing relentlessly the perverse tendency of our age to deny, minimize, or otherwise undermine the dignity bestowed upon all humanity by none other than God himself. One way to do so, as I argued in a recent essay, is to persuade our fellow citizens of the fundamental injustice of abortion, infanticide, euthanasia, and physician-assisted suicide.
That is why, as I reread J. Budziszewski's The Revenge of Conscience this week, I appreciated his exploration of Western Civilization's penchant for killing the weak.
"If we may kill," he writes, "we may do anything—and historians will write that by the last decade of the twentieth century, great numbers of men and women in the most pampered society on the earth had come to think it normal and desirable that their sick, their weak, and their helpless should be killed" (125).
Pity is heartfelt sadness at the sight of another person's suffering. True pity moves us closer to the person suffering. But spoiled pity causes us to move further from the person suffering, to avert our gaze and avoid their presence. In putting to death an aging parent or a disabled unborn baby, we tell ourselves that we are putting the "other" out of their misery when in reality we are really putting ourselves out of our own.
Prudence is the ability to discern the true good in a situation and to choose the right means to achieve it. It involves good stewardship of the things and persons entrusted to our care. But spoiled stewardship devolves into ownership. A bad steward comes to think of his life and his relatives as his own to do with as he pleases. Thus, if a baby or an aging parent is inconvenient, one can protect oneself by eliminating the inconvenience.
Amenity is a person's disposition to accommodate himself to other people. Healthy accommodation does not stem from a desire to belong or a fear of rejection, but from heartfelt concern for other people. Healthy accommodation also knows where to draw the line; it does not accommodate an aging parent who wishes to commit suicide or be euthanized.
Honor is ascribing to other people the dignity they are owed as creatures made in the image and likeness of God. A healthy sense of honor keeps us from controlling the other, degrading the other, killing the other. But a spoiled sense of honor encourages other people to act immorally. Consider, for example, a woman who tells her husband that she doesn't ever want to burden him and that, if ever he has the opportunity, he should "pull the plug." Her misplaced attempt to honor her husband is actually dishonoring to him because it treats him as an amoral or immoral being. "With the thought of sparing him a burden he could have borne, she had thrust on him another burden that he could not" (131).
Remorse is a feeling of guilt from violating the moral law. True remorse causes us to repent and ask for God's mercy. Yet spoiled remorse causes us to sin further. For example, a woman's remorse over a previous abortion might lead her to have further abortions; to terminate the baby is to remove from sight a tangible reminder of previously-aborted siblings. Similarly, a man might feel remorse for having neglected his father over the years. Yet, instead of caring for his father, he asks caretakers to withhold food and water. Euthanizing the father allows the son to remove from this world a tangible reminder of the son's life of negligence.
Love is the determination to do what is best for another person. But spoiled love grasps for the good by doing what is not good. For example, some parents choose an abortion for the sake of a child already born. They think it best for Johnny if "Sally is cut in pieces before her birth because with one less child their home will be quieter and their finances more secure." (133) Similarly, some people "love" their aging parents by euthanizing them, assuming that the parents have nothing to learn spiritually from their suffering, and no benefits to be gained from being cared for by their adult children.
Justice is the desire for every person to be given their due. Justice wants rewards for the good and discipline for the bad. But a degenerate sense of justice causes us to mistreat a weak person. For example, an adult might euthanize a parent out of resentment toward past wrongs. Similarly, a mother might wish to abort an unborn or born baby out of resentment toward the baby's father.
Budziszewski's point is that evil always stems from "good" intentions. But wrong is wrong, no matter the intentions. And for that reason, in our attempts to understand why we have done wrong, we must not excuse the wrong. Instead, as we understand why we have done wrong, let us throw ourselves before God's throne of mercy. And let us do so quickly, for we are complicit in a great deal of wrongdoing.
Bruce Riley Ashford is Provost of Southeastern Baptist Theological Seminary. His latest book is "Letters to an American Christian."


Kids can play basketball or use the 'Brasilia' style goals for hockey or football, all in one unit.
The long bar allows for multiple grips to be used, giving a full workout of all muscles and providing a proper fit for all users.
Testing upper body and arm strength, agility and climbing skills - getting to the top of the Pole Climb will work up a sweat.


Apple's new version of the iPhone will debut tomorrow, in addition to the company's new App Store, where software developers can create applications to be used on the device.
Apple's new version of the iPhone will debut tomorrow, in addition to the company's new App Store, where software developers can create applications to be used on the device. But those involved with these partner applications are under strict orders not to talk.
"Apple has done its best to make the public quite aware that by the time the iPhone goes on sale Friday, there will be all sorts of applications available for it," writes Saul Hansell on the New York Times Bits Blog. "What those applications do would seem to be secrets of the software developer and not in any way of Apple."
Meanwhile, Fortune gathered some early reviews of the iPhone.
Rev. Jesse Jackson apologized to Barack Obama for comments recorded by a live microphone at a Fox News interview on Sunday, where he said "I want to cut his nuts off" for talking down to black people.
In the July 16 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, immediate past president Ronald Davis apologized for the organization's racists actions in the past, including permitting the exclusion of black physicians from the organization.
An image obtained by Agence France-Presse of missiles launching in Iran appears to have been altered.


Is svchost.exe a malware/virus or some kind of system file?
If you'd like to see what's running inside a particular svchost process, launch Task Manager and then add a column for PID. Make a note of the PID for the svchost process you're interested in. Now, launch a command prompt and type this, (minus the quotes of course)... "tasklist /svc"
Now match up the svchost PID's and you'll see what's running inside it. Have fun.
Yes Tina is correct and more specifically many processes and DLL's run within the SVCHost.exe process and it is common to have issues with the memory usage of this process. There are also applications like Process Explorer that let you see what SVChost is running. You can see more information on how to use it here http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/tutorials/tutorial129.html.
svchost.exe is a generic Windows system process needed to run .dll files. It's safe.


This consumer toolkit from the National Reverse Mortgage Lenders Association will help older homeowners consider whether their current home environment will best serve their needs as they age. NRMLA's toolkit guides readers through a wide selection of housing possibilities.
As reverse mortgage professionals and members of the National Reverse Mortgage Lenders Association, we educate consumers about using their home equity to help finance retirement. But, not everyone can qualify for a reverse mortgage, and not everyone is in the best home setting to serve their needs as they age. Where older adults choose to age requires consideration of functionality, location, availability of services and affordability.
This toolkit is free to download.


text:
Becky Cloonan,
"Never Grow Up:
A Disney Art Show"
Take the second star to the right and you'll arrive at "Never Grow Up: A Disney Art Show" at the Mondo Gallery. The Mondo and Cyclops Print Works show features 33 original posters of Disney animated and live-action films by 25 artists. The show includes new posters of such Disney classics and contemporary blockbusters such as Aladdin, Alice in Wonderland, Big Hero 6, Dumbo, Fantasia, The Lion King, The Little Mermaid, Mary Poppins, Peter Pan, The Rocketeer, Sword in the Stone, Tron and its sequel Tron: Legacy, and 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea. "Never Grow Up: A Disney Art Show" is on display at the Mondo Gallery through May 13. Mondo is the Alamo Drafthouse's collectible art boutique. Mondo Gallery and Events Manager David Rancatore joins artist Becky Cloonan during this interview. The Austin-based Becky Cloonan, also the co-creator/co-writer of DC Comics' "Gotham Academy," contributed the Fantasia poster to "Never Grow Up: A Disney Art Show."
Web sites: https://mondotees.com/blogs/gallery/ and http://www.beckycloonan.net


DISTANCES: The distance to the closest beach is 90 meter. The distance to the sea is 90 metar. The distance to the town center is 300 metar. Grocery store - 30 m. Closest restaurant - 90 m. Closest infirmary/hospital - 150 m. Closest public transport (bus etc) - 800 m. Airport - 100 km. Train station - 13 km. Ship / ferry port - 13 km.
BASIC FEATURES: Type of studio apartment: A2. 2 bed/s for adults. Capacity of the studio apartment (adults) (2). The category is 3 star/s. Size of the studio apartment is: 18 m2. The studio apartment is on the first floor. Kitchen, living room and beds are in the same space. Access for the disabled is not enabled. Flooring in the studio apartment: carpet, tiles. In the studio apartment is french bed.
KITCHEN EQUIPMENT: table and chairs, kitchen sink, hob with two cookers, refrigerator, freezer, iron, water heater.
VIEW FROM THE STUDIO APARTMENT: garden view, mountain view, studio apartment orientation park side.
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BALCONY/TERRACE (1): Size of balcony in studio apartment is 4 m2. Features and equipment of the balcony/terrace seating set, garden view, mountain view.


text:
Q: Regular Expression get string between char (excluded) I need to find a regular expression to match everu char between * delimiter.
I ca have strings like these:
*1234-567*
**1234-567**
***1234-567***
*1234-567****
**1234-567****

I need to get 1234-567
I did a try with this one. The full match of this regex return also the * chars. I do ot need it.
Can you help me?

A: Try this pattern:
/\*+([^*]+)\*+/g

Noted that $1 contains what you need.
Online Demo

A: if you can utilise lookarounds (generally meaning, it isn't javascript), this will match what you want with no match groups needed:
(lookarounds being "zero-width assertions", they do not actually consume any characters)
(?<=\*)[^*\n]+(?=\*)

regex101 demo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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A remarkable image of one of the world's most harrowing creatures - the White Bat has been captured on British soil.
Thought to be either an albino or leucistic - a condition which turns the animal pale due to a lack of pigmentation, it was spotted roaming the sky near Reading, Berkshire.
Despite losing its familiar night-time anonymity, the bat has been delighting local residents for three successive years.
Award winning wildlife photographer Doug Mackenzie finally managed to capture the shot of the flying mammal.
He said: 'The white bat has been visiting gardens for three years. It never stays long, maybe a week or two for ten minutes each night.
'This is the best shot I've managed of it over three years. I've never seen a white bat anywhere else and I doubt if I ever will again.
Mackenzie has since sent it to the Bat Conservation Trust who are trying to establish if it is an albino version of a pipistrelle or a less common Natterer's bat.
The BCT's initial guess is that it may be a 'partial albino' Natterer because the wings are still dark.
Either way, they agree that it is one of the most unusual bat sightings they have ever heard of in Britain.


Get ready to throw your phone away.
Every once in a while, a movie comes along that is so overwhelmingly close-to-home that it feels downright creepy. While a lot of horror films might feature outlandish premises and gory plot twists, sometimes it's the quieter thrillers that really get to you.
Enter Ratter, which stars Ashley Benson and Matt McGorry, and taps into the fear that someone, somewhere, is watching you at all times.
It wouldn't be that hard, either, as our phones, computers, and even our watches and shoes are connected to the internet now, and anyone with enough savvy could tap into that infrastructure at any time. (We mean, they're not supposed to, but that hasn't stopped hackers before.) A ratter is defined as a hacker who hijacks a computer or device to watch unsuspecting victims — and in this case, it's Matt's character who creeps in on Ashley Benson's Emma, a grad student who moves to New York on her own.
The film is out on DVD and digital release on March 1, but you can watch the trailer now. And then maybe turn off your phone. And throw it into a lake. And never go online again. We warned you in advance.


I am almost finished with Book Three of my Arcanum Faire trilogy, something I have been working on for the last two years. If there is going to be any catalog of work left when I go paws to Jesus, I've got to turn things out faster than that.
As an exercise in speed, hopefully without sacrificing quality, I am taking a fallow screenplay project and turning it into a novella. I won't tell you which of my old stories, but it was one that I abandoned when a big name director made a pitch trailer for essentially the same film. He has done nothing with it since then, but I am moving on.
The plan is to have it written, re-written, and formatted for self-publication within three months. This should provide a glowing sense of achievement and another item for sale at event tables by Halloween.
In the first two days, in spite of three trips downtown to the Pride Festival and Father's Day activities, I was able to lay down the first chapter. A whopping eight-hundred words, but eight-hundred more than I had on Friday.
Keep your eyes on this space for news of my progress.


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text:
using Chloe.Server.Config.Contracts;
using System;
using System.Configuration;

namespace Chloe.Server.Config
{
    public class ImaggaConfiguration: ConfigurationSection, IImaggaConfiguration
    {
        [ConfigurationProperty("apiKey")]
        public string ApiKey
        {
            get { return (string)this["apiKey"]; }
            set { this["apiKey"] = value; }
        }

        [ConfigurationProperty("apiSecret")]
        public string ApiSecret
        {
            get { return (string)this["apiSecret"]; }
            set { this["apiSecret"] = value; }
        }

        [ConfigurationProperty("apiEndpoint")]
        public string ApiEndpoint
        {
            get { return (string)this["apiEndpoint"]; }
            set { this["apiEndpoint"] = value; }
        }

        public static ImaggaConfiguration Config
        {
            get { return ConfigurationManager.GetSection("imaggaConfiguration") as ImaggaConfiguration; }
        }

        public static readonly Lazy<IImaggaConfiguration> LazyConfig = new Lazy<IImaggaConfiguration>(() =>
        {
            return Config as ImaggaConfiguration;
        }, true);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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The Canadian Journeyman Preparation Program is delivered in an easy to understand video on demand format. Access the pre-recorded lessons at anytime and review study materials at your own pace. Study materials are discussed and interpreted, providing valuable insight into the structure, composition and goals of Interprovincial Red Seal examination strategies. On average, lessons are 1 hr in length and you can expect to devote about 80 hours to watch all of the recorded material, complete the exercises, meet with program administrators and study for the exam. Identify your strengths and weaknesses and study the material that is the most important for you.
Time require to complete Automotive Painter	course is : 40 Hours.
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text:
Superman III (1983)
April 30, 2013 David DeMoss	8 Comments
Our review of the third Superman film in the Christopher Reeve/Pierre Spengler/Ilya Salkind era, and the first 100% directed by Richard Lester. Because the Salkind's owed him a film. So he ruined Superman III to get back at them. Or the WB ruined it by insisting they toss out their first script and cast Richard Pryor instead. Whichever happened, the results will still drive you to drink. Just like Superman on synthetic kryptontie.
Annette O'TooleAnnie RossChristopher ReeveDC Universe(s)Gavan O'HerlihyJackie CooperMarc McClureMargot KidderPamela StephensonRichard PryorRobert VaughnSuperheroesSuperman
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8 thoughts on "Superman III (1983)"
Charles Phipps says:
If I may recommend the series I'd like to see you write more about, I'd love to see material based on the other two Hulk movies (to compliment your fine review of the original Hulk pilot). I'd really like to see you compare the two and where you think, if any place, they went wrong. I, myself, have a big huge set of problems with both but enjoyed them.
Re: Superman 3, it's the difference between what Tom Baker said was a "Children's Show" and a "Childish" show. Comics are for kids and the kid in all of us. There's nothing wrong with this and forgetting this is a bad thing. I also think you're too hard on this movie.
Yes, I'm defending Superman 3. Bear with me.
As a child, I enjoyed the and didn't question the logic of how a weather satellite could scan Krypton's asteroid field or create weather. It's a setting about a man who can fly and I don't need talk about "tactile telekinsis" to wonder how Superman can lift a frozen lake over a chemical fire without it breaking into pieces.
How did the Weather Sattelite do it? MAYBE WAYNE ENTERPRISES BUILT IT! That's how and they can do anything. Likewise, Richard Pryor steals the show from the guy we're supposed to like and I think the movie would have benefited if they'd taken Gus Gorman's character and dumped him into an entirely different "Trading Places" style comedy. In fact, they did do that and created "Office Space."
It's a mediocore movie made of a halfway decent (and those halfs are Annette O'Toole and Christopher Reeve) Superman movie and a great but unrelated office comedy plus some really cartoonish villains grafted together as some sort of Frankenstein's monster but it entertained me.
Also, there were TWO good things that came out of "Superman turns evil due to Cigarette Kryptonite." The first, of course, is the fight between Dickish Superman and Clark Kent. The second is the fact Superman's biggest desire isn't to get drunk and nail the hot girl. It's the part beforehand that Superman would just like to RELAX and kick back for a bit. The consequences being a bunch of people on a bridge die.
I liked that.
David DeMoss says:
You're in luck, Charles: I reviewed both theatrical Hulk movies when they came out. The results look a bit…rough…to my 2013 eyes, and they're shot through with my own, cynical breed of naivete…especially the review of Ang Lee's movie, because I wrote that in September, 2003, after it hit the $5 theater down the street from my old apartment but before I realized just how solipsistic, dumb, and backward-thinking the mainstream reaction (or even the Snarky Internet Critic's reaction) would be. Half the bile in the Hulk '77 review was born that Fall, as you can probably tell, and would definitely be able to tell if I converted the Hulk '03 or Hulk '08 reviews to video.
Leaving aside the various Drs. Banner…I'm not sure I'd call this a "defense" of Superman III since we basically agree on the core points (i.e., that it's a poor comedy ruins what might've been a decent Superman movie, possibly even better than the last two). Interesting you'd go for Trading Places, the 4th highest grossing film of 1983, which made $20 million more than Superman III on sixty percent of its budget, symptomatic of the way "mainstream" money would flow until Die Hard and the packed house of Summer, 1989, changed everything.
I wasn't even going to mention the whole "tactile telekinesis" thing, since even explaining the term to people who weren't reading comics in the '90s can become its own headache-inducing kerfuffle. We'll see how much room there is in my as-yet-unwritten review of Superman 4, where I plan to bitch about Clark's varying power-set and all the drama it destroys (outside of the comics, where his power-set has more-or-less stayed set since the mid-80s, Electric Blue & Red period notwithstanding).
If I was "too hard" on this poor, defenseless, multi-million dollar studio tent pole, wait'll you get a load of Superman 4. In the meantime, I never know what to say when someone comes to me with, "I loved this as a kid." Great, but what can I do with that? I can only acknowledge it and answer with my own experience. So, as a child, (meaning a twelve-year-old overjoyed to see a second video store open in his home town, finally giving those crusty fucks down at 'Gator Bait Video some honest competition), I despised nearly all of this and spent the whole time asking questions it failed to answer because it assumed I was as incurious and ageusiatic as my fellow sixth graders. It'd be nice if this took place in some corner of the DC Universe(s), where I can wave any piece of advanced tech away as property of Wayne, post-Crisis Luthor, or S.T.A.R. Labs, but it doesn't. This isn't Earth-2 or -425 or -221487, this is Earth-Salkind. And I'm not even sure it's the same Earth-Salkind where the last two movies occurred. Like the "Earth-Schumacher" version of Bruce Wayne said to Edward Nigma, "It just raises too many questions." I get plenty of entertainment out of asking them, but I doubt it's the kind Superman III's creator's intended me to derive.
I'm going to probably end up defending Superman IV as well because, while the movie makes no god-damned sense on any geopolitical level, it satisfied what I was trying to convey about 3. I was entertained by all the godawful (on an artistic level) silliness as well as ham-fisted sentimentality of this movie. Yes, "Gus Gorman's Office Space" would have been a much better movie and Superman 3: Superman vs. Not Lex Luthor (Morgan Edge?) would have been better but while it's less than the sum of its parts–I enjoyed it and that's more than I can say about a lot of films. Green Lantern was a much more technically better done film but I was bored during it and I was never bored or annoyed during either Superman III or IV films. Reeve is always good on screen and even at his LEAST brilliant/most toned down, Richard Pryor was funny to me.
It's not a turd to polish, so much as a really really horribly cut diamond to me.
Morgan Edge! Thank you – I was trying to remember the name of Metropolis' Number 2 evil corporate raider and my brain refused to give it up. Time to go back to those old John Byrne books, refresh the memory before Man of Steel.
David Lee Ingersoll says:
Thanks, Fellow-David. It's great to be back.
Daniel Knepp says:
Good to see you back, David. One thing that has always struck me as odd about Superman 3 (aside from the many oddities that you mentioned). The part with Vera turning into a monster comes completely out of the blue. It scared the hell out of me when I was a kid and it completely goes against the tone of the film (just like Richard Pryor, and the man of steel getting his knob polished) as does the computer suddenly turning malevolent. Between this and Cameron's film following a year later, you can see the anti-technology message that Hollywood was pushing in the early 80's.
It's a shame that Robert Vaughn would descend even further. He eventually ended up doing films like Zombie 5 The Killing Birds and to plugging ambulance chasing law firms.
You are far from alone. "Cyborg Vera scared the shit out of me as kid" is the most consistent comment about the film I've heard from all parts of the criticsphere. The next-most consistent thing being, "Braniac was supposed to be the villain of this film" which explains the Evil Computer. Because one Evil Computer is as good as another, right? And all computers have the potential to be HAL 9000, especially if you don't know anything about computers.


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