I always thought DEET was the worst thing ever, horrible inhalation danger, cancer-causing, the whole 9 yards.
I might have been (gulp) wrong.
It surprised me to find that there really are some conventional insect repellents with ingredients you can feel ok with. For today, I still think plant-based insect repellents are a good idea to explore, especially if your exposure to the outdoors will be short and your location doesn't have a huge risk of insect-borne disease.
This non-toxic insect repellent review is updated for 2018 with one new bug spray and updated pricing and availability. I hope it's helpful to you!
What kind of person wants to be accosted by insects?
A blogger reviewing natural bug sprays, that's who.
I get a little bit excited every time we're swarmed by mosquitoes, and I break out the bag of non-toxic insect repellents that I've been collecting and testing for the past six years.
I write notes. I examine ingredients, collect DIY recipes. And I chase mosquitoes, black flies, biting insects and creepy crawly things!
All so that you can test out just 1-3 brands of non-toxic insect repellent instead of dozens – more on why you might not buy just one in a sec.
We've watched bugs bite our skin in spite of our sprays, and we've also watched them fly close, veer away, fly close again, then veer away, unable to stand whatever natural repellent we were testing. We've definitely run these brands through the gauntlet!
And when they fail or we forget to use something because we don't see the bug until they've gotten our kids, we have plenty of home remedies to stop bug bites from itching. 🙂 Spoiler alert – I turn to hydrated bentonite clay first every time!
What Makes a Natural Insect Repellent Work?
Most natural bug sprays that I was able to review use essential oils or other plant compounds that the insects simply don't like, that interfere with their scent-based location capabilities, or which make bugs sick.
lemon eucalyptus oil — Note: This is the only one approved by the EPA for insect repelling, and it's actually a processed derivative.
This is totally different than my natural wasp killer (like magic!) and non-toxic ant killer, of course.
I tested at least 17 different chemical free bug sprays from various companies, and although I only have "proof" of effectiveness (i.e. our anecdotal evidence) on some but not all of them, strangely enough, that may not matter.
I can also tell you the ease of use, whether it's sticky or not, how good it smells, and the price – but if it doesn't work, you may not care.
Unfortunately, even if I had mosquitoes swarming daily or could put my arm in a glass box full of biting chiggers for you, it's possible that what works for me and my family wouldn't work for yours anyway.
The way in which the active ingredients interact with a person's body chemistry may have a great impact on the bug spray's effectiveness.
In that case, you're just going to have to take a gamble and try some, BUT if you find a brand that does or doesn't work, I can help you figure out what other brands (maybe less expensive) you should try because of similar active ingredients.
Make sure you also check out my homemade insect repellent recipes with tons of suggestions from readers and my friend Katie's homemade bug spray too!
Important: What Oils are Safe for Kids?
In the world of essential oils, just because something is natural doesn't mean it's safe. It's important to educate yourself on kid-safe and baby-safe essential oils and watch ingredients closely if you plan to use a spray on babies under two years old or kids under ten or six, the main cut-offs for most safety recommendations.
On the flip side, cedarwood and lavender are even deemed safe for infants, so it's pretty awesome that they may repel insects.
When I checked all the natural repellents I tried against this list, I was pretty surprised to find only FOUR that were safe for kids under 6. That knocks everything else wayyyyy down on my list, because it's not worth having something around that I don't want to spray on or around my kids (isn't that the point of avoiding DEET?)!
Of those 5, only ONE rose to the top for me!
Even though we have chased down mosquitoes to help us, it's hard to test the bug sprays extensively. But of course, I still came out with recommendations. I always have an opinion, just like with the natural sunscreen reviews and when I sought the best cloth diapers.
However, remember that there are a lot of unknowns in the bug spray world, so be sure to check out the next couple categories, too.
Safety Notes: None. Comes in a glass bottle and uses all kid-safe oils.
Easy to use? Very! It sprays a nice, thin mist and easily covers everyone.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? Yes! We had multiple positive experiences with this insect repellent spray, including times when there were clearly biting bugs flying around and bugging us (pun intended), and then they were no longer an issue after spraying on WildThings. They would not land on us.
KS recommends? Absolutely my highest recommendation. We've defaulted to using this brand (we have a few of the scents) all summer long and I couldn't be happier with it, both in ease of use and effectiveness.
PLUS the brand also has an oil-based repellent, which is of course one more step to apply, but perhaps because the oils are distributed so evenly or coating thicker, it's even more effective (they call it "extreme").
We did get our results back from USDA, and they were great! Although it was very frustrating to me to see that their entire focus is on whether repellents last 6 hours with not a single bite, which DEET manages to pull off some of the time (although DEET did not last quite 6 hours in our set of tests, interestingly).
Our new oil-based "Wildthings Extreme" was off the charts for natural bug repellents, getting to almost 5 hours of total repellency in a cage of 200 starving Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes (those are the bad ones that carry malaria, Z ika, yellow fever – found mostly in the southern US, but creeping north at an alarming rate). The USDA scientists were very excited!
But I was nonetheless annoyed that the gold standard was a very random 6 hours with no bites, and NOT: repels bugs incredibly well for 2 hours and doesn't poison you or melt your plastics, and is safe for children!! Seems like that would be a more important criteria.
We still use just the water-based spray most of the time because I love the easy application and the smell. Have only resorted to the oil-based Extreme once – last weekend – in the worst of swarms while camping on [the coast of Maryland]. It did great – no bites even on on bare legs and arms. We outlasted even the heartiest of the fishermen on the beach that evening, who had all been set up for night fishing but they cleared out in a hurry once the mosquitoes arrived… but the bugs were too thick to even see, even if we weren't getting bit – truly annoying, so we headed for less buggy territory for the night after all.
We've been working on some new products, and I'm delighted to have almost entirely organic oils (all but the catnip) for our ingredients now. We are hoping to begin distilling our own catnip/catmint oil sometime in the next year so that we can have quality control over that key (and most expensive) of the ingredients.
"YES! Wildthings works great for ticks as well… we haven't had any USDA testing on Wildthings yet, but there are quite a few studies showing it is extremely effective in repelling ticks as well as mosquitoes! We've used it very successfully against ticks in tick-infested areas… we had a week-long camping trip to Bear Island, NC last year and were warned about the ticks there, and they were indeed out in force. But we did not get a single tick our whole camping trip.
We also had the opportunity to do some basic (albeit unscientific) tests on ticks we encountered, drawing a "boundary line" with our Wildthings potion and watching in delight as the ticks approached the line and turned and literally fled – quickly! Very cool to see. Here is a creeeepy video on Instagram of a tick jumping off someone's leg because of Wildthings!!! When we drew a circle around one, it wouldn't leave the circle and kept trying to get away from the Wildthings potion.
There are quite a few studies showing catnip oil and geranium oil are extremely effective in repelling ticks as well as moquitoes. These are our two main ingredients. Here is a link to one study.
This is very wordy and scientific, but the bottom of page 112 has a "summary" that indicates catnip oil as a repellent, and also, very interestingly, says that basic catnip oil works better than any of the extractions scientists have done of the "active components" like nepetalactone. They don't know why, but they are still unable to pull out the chemical components and get the same results as they do with the natural product. The natural product actually works better! In addition to being good for you in many other ways.
I'm super impressed with Wildthings year after year, and I really want to see scientists do more studies with catnip, especially some with human arms and within a formula like this one. We know it works, now let's get some data!!
Get some for yourself HERE!
Active Ingredients: Listed on the bottle as only "essential herbal oils." The site description lists rose geranium, eucalyptus, and Litsea Cubeba. I heard from the founder! The oils are Lemongrass, rose geranium, litsea cubeba and cedarwood. All kid-safe!
Safety Notes: Eucalyptus is not safe for children under 10, plus I don't like when a company doesn't list every single oil. I wouldn't let my kids use this one this summer since I wasn't sure (and I was right, now that I know there's eucalyptus in there!). Some people say that borax isn't a good idea for kids either, and I'd lean toward that side as well.
Other Ingredients: distilled water, glycerine, saponified coconut, olive and castor oils, avocado oil, potassium hydroxide, borax. Note: my bottle doesn't have potassium hydroxide or borax on the outside so the formula has changed a bit.
Easy to use? Sure. It's a simple spray bottle.
How does it smell? It's so flowery in comparison to the slightly sharp scent of so many of the others. The "rose" really comes through as a major player.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? We think so! My husband used it while out camping, and while quite a few mosquitoes literally hovered around him, none landed on his skin for at least 10 minutes. A few pesky ones landed on his unsprayed shirt. After 10 minutes one did land on his leg a few times but never bit – admittedly, we finally lost patience and smacked it! So much for experimenting in the name of science! 😉 We just needed to finish dinner and quit playing with mosquitoes.
KS recommends? Unsure. Although the product seems to be effective and smells great, because I don't know the ingredients fully, I can't give it a hearty recommendation. So glad to be able to give this one a high recommendation now that I know the ingredients. Yay!
Katie's notes: This formula is the only one to rely on a single ingredient, which I think is fantastic. I figured being totally different, it would either succeed wildly or fail miserably. Cedar oil doesn't show up in many other natural bug sprays, either. Although upon further digging, I think it's the same as "cedarwood" essential oil…if it's even an essential oil.
How does it smell? The bottle says "pests can't stand it!" Unfortunately, people can't either (in our house). When I sprayed it on my son, he nearly cried and was mad at me for half an hour for putting it on his arm and not his leg. This stuff really does stink (but then again, so does the DEET-containing competition). I could smell it on myself – and didn't like it – after using it outside and coming in to type up results! To be fair, everyone reacts to scents differently, so it's very possible that some may love the smell – it's cedar, like a cedar chest but less woody.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? Tested twice; no bites on son at day camp, but it didn't keep mosquitoes away by the pool for hubs and me. No bites, but they were annoying enough to chase us inside.
I love the reason it was created: CREATED FOR OUR TROOPS: Gulf War Syndrome has been directly linked to chemicals including pesticides, so the US Department of Defense went to the manufacturers of EPA 25(B) products asking them to create a safe, yet effective pest control solution to deal with sand fleas (sand gnats, no-see-ems) creating misery for US Troops in the Middle East. Greenbug met the challenge and these standards wonderfully. Note: EPA 25(B) is a list of active ingredients for pest control that have been tested and proven to cause no harm to humans, animals or the environment.
Additional Notes: Greenbug also works on fleas, ticks, ants, head lice – even bed bugs. Read more about it here. I'm pretty excited to know the natural solution for lice, since it's always been a fear of mine to get lice in the family and be forced to use super strength chemicals on everyone/everything! I also love the idea of spraying it on hotel sheets to prevent bed bugs. :/ RELATED: More on naturally eradicating bed bugs from your home, although I'd rather use one spray and rid hotels of them when I stay there!
If you don't buy Greenbug for your skin, I would definitely have some on hand for home pest control and head lice. I wish I would have remembered this use when we had ants in our kitchen (again) this year! I was trying all sorts of things from the how to get rid of ants naturally post and it took forever for me to win the battle.
Safety Notes: This is sourced organically to the highest standards and does not include any ingredients not safe for children.
Easy to use? Unfortunately, no. The Miessence product is really a runny, squirtable lotion that you have to rub onto your skin. With four kids and two adults in the family, we just don't have time to be messing around with a lotion-type product for bugs.
How does it smell? Nice. I can really smell the lemon and citronella.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? It does seem that this bug spray is effective on skin, but since one cannot at all apply it to clothing, it loses some power in the overall battle against bugs. We did use it once when another brand was totally failing, and within a minute 95% of the bugs stopped bugging us! It was a pretty impressive display of efficacy.
KS recommends? Sadly, no. I am happy that this is one of four kid-safe brands I tried, and I'm also happy that the price per ounce isn't too terrible. But even though I technically "sell" this product in my store (which I just have because of the probiotics we use in the family), I don't think busy families should buy it. I'd rather have an actual spray. (Our sprayer piece broke, too, but we just opened the bottle and rubbed it on, so it wasn't as big of a deal as if a "real" spray broke.) If you love the ingredients, however, and aren't worried about having to rub it in, then the product will be up to your standard for sure.
Active Ingredients: peppermint oil (mentha piperita), levendar oil (lavandula angustifolia), citronella oil, catnip oil, spearmint leaf oil, St. John's wort extract, thyme leaf oil, lemon oil.
Other Ingredients: aloe vera leaf juice, andiroba seed oil, polyglyceryl-2 caprate, glyceryl stearate citrate and polyglyceryl-3 stearate and hydrogenated sunflower lecithin, purified water, lactobacillus (vegan) and coconut fruit extract (fungicide), lactobacillus ferment (from cabbage), lysolecithin and sclerotium gum and xanthan gum and pullulan, sodium chloride (dead sea salt).
Easy to use? somewhat – the spray is pretty targeted instead of a mist, so you do end up having to rub it in.
How does it smell? Minty for sure, and I feel like I can smell whatever "andiroba seed oil" is because there's just something I don't recognize in the scent.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? Not tested enough to say.
Safety Notes: polysorbate-20 is rated "3" at EWG, just out of the range of the super safe (0-2) but still considered fairly benign.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? During a camping trip, mosquitos were clearly landing on our 4yo and me quite soon after spraying LuSa on our skin. Disappointing!
KS recommends? Only sort of. I'm hesitant about the preservative when no other brands needed it, and since we have one #fail on record, why bother? On the other hand, at least the oils are safe for children.
Additional Notes: The bug spray comes in a metal bottle, which made me wonder if it would get too hot in a sunny vehicle.
About the company: LuSa Organics is a small family operation committed to supporting local and regional economies. Their ingredients are naturally sourced, primarily organic, and consistently high quality. They scent their products with essential oils and create color with natural pigments, herbs, and clays. Ten percent of LuSa's annual profits are donated to organizations creating positive global change. Their intention is to leave the world a better, happier, and yes, cleaner, place for their work.
This group includes the natural bug sprays that either couldn't get a good test but have quality ingredients, perhaps have one ingredient that gives me pause OR are simply not using all kid-safe oils.
Safety Notes: Peppermint and rosemary are not kid-safe. The bottle states "Safe for the whole family" but I'd disagree.
Easy to use? Yes. It sprays nicely. The bottle instructs to shake for 15 seconds before applying, likely to distribute the oils better. I respect that!
How does it smell? Pleasant. I definitely can smell the citronella. It's pretty strong.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? We had a pretty incredible experience with this one. My husband sprayed it on one evening when biting bugs were viciously attacking our extended family gathered around a campfire. He then watched a mosquito try to land three times on his bare arm, hovering, turning a 180 away, then coming back, seemingly unable to force itself to land on his arm.
The mosquito finally landed on his unsprayed shirt and proceeded to try to bite him through the fabric. I told you they were vicious! Count us impressed. Also, note that other family members used conventional bug spray and got plenty of bites.
On another occasion, while out camping, I had 2 visible mosquitos on my leg, sprayed the Butterbean Bug-A-Boo on, and saw no mosquitos bothering me for at least an hour. My 11yo son had the same experience.
KS recommends? Yes, almost. With reservations for families because of the rosemary and peppermint essential oils (I confirmed with the company that the oils listed are essential oils, not extracts or anything else).
Updated ingredient list as of summer 2016.
Easy to use? So so. Nothing beats the speed of a spray, but the bar isn't difficult, it just takes longer to apply.
Sticky? Sort of, like a good lotion. If you've ever used MadeOn's hard lotion bars, it just feels like that. A little bit greasy.
How does it smell? I like it; the citronella is very strong. I've only tested the old formula; in the new formula, the citronella was decreased and cedarwood increased.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? Yes. I lent the bar to my son's day camp last year, and the kids overall loved it and thought it worked great. A colleague of mine also allowed mosquitoes to land on him if they wanted, and although some landed on the arm with the MadeOn Bug Bar, they never bit.
KS recommends? Well…I used to love this one, but with the caveat that a bar is very different than a spray. With the new formula, it now includes rosemary EO which is not generally seen as safe for kids. Bummer.
Additional Notes: Bonus on using the bar – you're also moisturizing at the same time, so at least you get a benefit for the bit of extra time it takes to apply (vs. a spray).
Safety Notes: Four of the oils are not safe for children (although the website says it's fine for young children). Super cool that it comes in an opaque glass bottle though!
Easy to use? Yes, although I haven't tested the current spray bottle top. That seems less convenient than some other shapes for packing in my opinion.
How does it smell? Delicious. 😉 The vanilla does its job!
Did it prevent mosquito bites? This one didn't get a very good test. Durn those mosquitoes not visiting enough!
KS recommends? With so many non-kid-safe EOs, I was hesitant to use this one anyway. I love the company, but this might not be the right product for our family. However, if you learn that a certain EO works well for you and you don't have young children, there is a unique blend in this brand. And it's very economical!
Safety Notes: Potassium Sorbate is rated "3" at EWG; vanillin is a "0" but many don't like to use it in food products. Peppermint is not safe for children.
Easy to use? Yes, simple spray – can even be sprayed upside down!
How does it smell? Mmm, really good. The vanilla scent is heavenly.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? Maybe? We only had one test, and no one got bitten, but maybe they wouldn't have anyway.
KS recommends? Jury is out. I don't love the preservative included, but the price is nice, and if these active ingredients work for you – and especially if anyone doesn't love the smell of the essential oils – Mexitan is a well-sourced brand. Also, Skedattle is one of the more inexpensive brands.
Additional Notes: After 8 hours of swimming and sprinkler play, you could still smell the bug spray on my kids. It has staying power! Note: That test was obviously before I understood that I shouldn't use peppermint on my little ones.
Safety Notes: Eucalyptus is not rated safe for kids, although the site and bottle say "safe for kids and sensitive skin" and more.
Easy to use? Yes? The bottle I have from a few years back is not the same as the metal bottle offered now.
How does it smell? The version I had used cinnamon instead of tea tree and lemongrass, so I can't really say.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? The formula has changed so I can't say.
KS recommends? Unsure. The directions do not say to shake well but I'm guessing they should – but again, this is an old bottle, so hopefully that's been updated.
Safety Notes: polysorbate 20, a preservative, is rated "3" at EWG; oils not deemed safe for kids include eucalyptus, rosemary, and peppermint.
Active Ingredients: eucalyptus citriadora (lemon eucalyptus) oil, azadirachta indica (neem) seed oil, cymbopogon schoenanthus (lemongrass) oil, eucalyptus globulus (eucalyptus) leaf oil, melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil, lavandula angustifolia (lavender) oil, rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) oil, mentha piperita (peppermint) oil.
My bottle is really quite different from the online ingredients. The formula must have changed in the past year or two, but I'll go with what is listed currently.
KS recommends? No. Many brands don't need a preservative, and this one didn't seem to be a good fit for my family, PLUS there are multiple non-child-safe oils.
Additional Notes: Can be used as a general itch reliever on bites or chicken pox, etc.
Active Ingredients: eucalyptus citriadora (lemon eucalyptus) oil, cymbopogon schoenanthus (lemongrass) oil, eucalyptus globulus (eucalyptus) leaf oil, melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil, lavandula angustifolia (lavender) oil, rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary) oil, mentha piperita (peppermint) oil, rosamarinus officinalis (rosemary) leaf extract.
UPDATE 2016: The ingredients have changed to eliminate behentrimonium methosulfate, cetyl alcohol, and organic butylene glycol. Great!
Easy to use? Not so much. It's a lotion in a pump bottle, so you must rub on the surface of your skin; can't use on clothing. However, it does rub in well and clear, so if you are looking for a lotion, this is fine.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? No. In two tests, Purple Prairie failed to prevent mosquito bites. I even allowed mosquitoes to land on my arm and waited to see if it could stay there long enough to get a bite in if it wanted. It did.
KS recommends? No. I think the lotion is annoying as a spray is much quicker, especially for kids, and easier to spread evenly and fully. Rosemary is not kid-safe anyway, and since it didn't work for us either, I'm not a fan.
Additional Notes: The lotion can also be used as an itch reliever if you do get a bug bite.
Safety Notes: Since we don't know what's in it, I wouldn't use it around kids. Plus, I don't know the dilution percentage if at all. Too much of a gamble to bother.
Easy to use? Not at all. The oils come in a regular oil bottle, so you either have to get just a few drops out and put on the skin or put a spray attachment on, in which case you end up using wayyyy too much for the price, and it doesn't mist very well. This was the only bottle that leaked all over.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? No. Not at all. In fact, the instructions say that TerraShield can be used aromatically as well, which would be great, except that when I opened the bottle all the way to try to form a cloud of protection around my face, hungry mosquitoes landed right on the bottle.
KS recommends? No. Besides the fact that it's uber expensive, enigmatic, and doesn't really stretch farther than other formulas, it didn't work and most likely stains clothing.
Additional Notes: I don't like "proprietary blends" anyway. What if someone was allergic to an ingredient, like my aunt's violent reaction to eucalyptus oil?
What Active Ingredients Work for You?
If you've tried a natural insect repellent and had good luck, but you want one that's easier to find or a better price point, or if your favorite was discontinued, you can use this chart to find another brand with similar active ingredients.
If you try a blend that doesn't work for you at all, you can also save yourself some grief by making sure your next attempt uses a very different set of scents!
How in the world are you going to choose? As I mentioned at the top of the post, various body chemistries may react differently with various oils, so you have to find the one that works right for you.
My recommendation, as an unapologetic frugal girl, is to start with something inexpensive or borrow a friend's.
One More Thing: Does it Stain Clothing?
I figured if a bug spray is going to ruin all your clothing, who cares how well it works, right? I sprayed all of my initial tests right on a dark colored towel (others were added in later years).
You can see that a number of the sprays left an oil mark (the jar on the right is coconut oil, something I figure would leave a stain to compare). I washed the towel on hot and probably should have done cold, since that's how I wash most of my clothes. All the stains came out.
BUT. I think some of these have a great possibility of leaving problematic dark spots on brightly colored clothes.
The great thing about the natural bug sprays and insect repellents is that even their chemical-laden competition doesn't always work, either. The last time we were out with bugs and people, I overheard another July 4th partygoer tell the host that she had to go home and shower off to get the stinky bug spray smell out. "Not that it worked worn a darn anyway," she complained.
I hope you can find a formula that works to keep the buggers away from you and yours so you, too, can breathe easily when heading into the wild!
Safety Notes: "Do not use if pregnant or susceptible to seizures." Rated "1" at EWG.
Active Ingredients: neem oil, rosemary essential oil, peppermint essential oil, lemon tea tree essential oil, geranium essential oil, eucalyptus essential oil, lavender essential oil, catnip essential oil, citronella essential oil, lemongrass essential oil, tea tree essential oil and cedarwood essential oil.
How does it smell? Ok. Nothing really stands out in the long list of oils and scents.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? Amazingly, I think it did. In four tests, three of which had prior mosquito sightings, the Bien Ella prevented all mosquito bites and landing mosquitoes.
The day my husband said "When do we get to go inside?" and raced in as soon as I gave him permission, we both used Bien Ella on our legs. We were so busy fending off mosquitoes from our faces and arms, the legs went almost unnoticed, but when I took notes afterward, I realized we didn't have any issues with our legs, and no bites the next day. Score one for Bien Ella.
The most recent test, on July 4th, 2012, I had Purple Prairie on my arms and was busy watching a mosquito bite my bicep.
My husband, next to me, said, "Well I can say for sure they're not visiting me, but they usually don't." I tried the one he was using (Bien Ella!) and it worked like a charm. I didn't have a single visitor again. Impressive!
KS recommends? It kills me, because this one is SO expensive and hard to find, but I actually would recommend Bien Ella. This Bien Ella formula is just packed with ingredients! But which ones are effective? Did the brand just hit on the right one or two for me because they threw everything in there, or is it the "everything" that makes it work? I'd love to try the new Purple Prairie as well.
Additional Notes: After both swimming and sprinkler play and a full day outside – over 8 hours later – you could still smell the Bien Ella on my kids' arms.
For the record, I don't love the soybean oil. I try to stay away from soy in food products, but I guess since I wouldn't be using the bug spray very often, I don't think I can get too worked up about that.
Bien Ella is off the market.
Easy to use? Yes. The applicator stick wins out over the MadeOn bar for ease of use, since you don't have to get your hands into it.
Sticky? Yes, just like a good lotion.
KS recommends? Probably not; it's just too expensive. However, if you want a bar type block that you don't have to touch with your hands, this would still be worth it because the ingredients are quality and it would last a long time, I think.
Graham Gardens apparently does not make this product anymore.
Safety Notes: website states the oils are "100% pure, steam distilled." Rated "0" at EWG.
Active Ingredients: organic essential oils of tea tree, lavender, citronella, eucalyptus, lemon and lemongrass.
Easy to use? Yes, sprays easily.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? Find another blogger's positive experience here.
Additional Notes: I wondered if the metal container would get too hot to touch if in a hot vehicle. The product is also available in a glass container instead of aluminum for an extra $1.00 here.
My Mama's Love has closed.
Safety Notes: Rosemary not child safe.
Did it prevent mosquito bites? Maybe. I had a good test once, with mosquitoes that chased all the children inside before we could figure out if it worked or not. My neighbor and I stayed outside and I wrote afterward: "I don't think any mosquitoes landed on me…but tough to say." The neighbor went on record thinking they sort of worked.
KS recommends? Probably? Loving Naturals is falling on the expensive end of the spectrum, but it did a decent job. You might want to check into others with similar ingredients first.
Additional Notes: If organic carries weight for you on essential oils, not all the brands use organic ingredients, but Loving Naturals does.
Loving Naturals seems to be out of stock everywhere although no one is saying it's actually discontinued.
Disclosure: All these products were free for my review, but my opinion is strongly my own!
We camp several times during the summer and I just bring some essential oils with me (or mix them up before leaving home) and mix it in a small water bottle (8oz). It works great for us. I use clove, peppermint, lavender, lemon and whatever other essential oil I might grab (about 20 drops).
Awesome and helpful post! Interestingly, I've had great luck with the doTERRA Terrashield.
I just use a few drops at a time and dab it on my legs or wherever I'm getting bit. It's made the difference of being able to sit out on the deck and enjoy the evening and running inside. 🙂 I've also used it on my dogs, horses, and cow with success.
It's fascinating to me how people's body chemisty effects the repellent- and maybe it has something to do with the type of bugs, too. Hopefully there will be more research done on that in the future!
You brought up a good point about proprietary ingredients, Katie. That is one reason why we make all our ingredients so widely available. In this day and age, customers with sensitivities need to know what they're getting into.
Of course, I'm such a label-reader that I have a hard time believing anyone would buy a product without knowing every single ingredient first.
Thanks for your review! You're always such a good sport when it comes to this stuff and I love reading your opinions. 🙂 Go, Katie, Go!
Mosquitoes don't like me, if they have an alternative (I take a friend, tee, hee!) but something else has bitten me, resulting in swelling and itching. Don't know what it was.
My husband fishes at remote lakes. A Lot. He says that the bugs love him if he has eaten a banana before heading onto the water, but an orange before he goes keeps the bugs away.
Top and bottom is that he can spend all day on a lake without another human in sight and not get bitten once.
Wow, surprised at the review for Purple Prairie. My friend and I were being swarmed by mosquitos. Not one landed on our treated skin after using the Bug Spray…so maybe it does all boil down to your chemistry. It is good to know there is probably one all natural bug repellent out there that will do the trick!
Consider yourself and family invited to my home …. and to camp in my back yard. I live in a small town southwest of New Orleans,connected to the Gulf of Mexico by some swamp and lake. Prior to Katrina I would have invited you as well but since Katrina we are fighting a Carribean mosquito that is the size of a horsefly…..still wanna come test ???? These things are so big that when they're on our 130lb bloodhound they still look like small birds. Anybody brave enough is welcome. Our answer to the insect problem……stay the h#*l inside. This summer has been especially bad since we didn't get a hard freeze last winter.
Dude, Katie. You need mosquitoes? Come visit me just outside of Philly. We have plenty for you!
I know this will sound crazy, but I love the pet flea and tick spray from Endurapet for a bug repellent. Honestly, it smells so good I apply just to smell it!
Another natural one we tried that did NOT work was NEEM Aura Natural Skin conditioning spray. We got eaten alive and one point I was even trying to spray it directly on mosquitoes landing on me with no discouragement whatsoever.
Quick question maybe you know the answer to, why does the Bien Ella get a 1 and have a "Do not use if pregnant or susceptible to seizures" warning? I don't see anything in the ingredient list that looks alarming.
I know this is late, but I just came across this article and want to thank you for your comprehensive list of products and so much helpful information. I am desperate for a product, but I don't like the usual products you find in a store because they dry my skin – I have to use a repellant anytime I am outdoors, and I live on an island! So…looking for alternatives, and your article provided many options I'm going to begin trying. Thanks!
I will disclose, up front, that I am a Wellness Advocate for doTerra. Your review staying that Terrashield stains clothing is misleading, at least. I sprayed directly onto my blue dress shirt and did see dark discoloration. However, once I wanted my shirt, the Terrashield was no longer present.
Intellectual honesty is the best method.
I don't know much about oils actually, so I'm not much help – but I happen to have this article open in a tab right now – it might apply!
I run a small business making cosmetic and body products, so I can say with confidence that anything that contains water or a waterbased botanical extract like aloe vera MUST have a preservative or they will grow bacteria and fungi within only a few days. oil only formulations are free from this problem unless they are contaminated, as the bacteria and fungi require water to grow.
Additionally polysorbate 20 is a solubliser, all it does is stop the water and oil separating.
Speaking about a bug spray that is the best I've ever tried….it's called, "Fly Away Critter Spray". I believe the company who makes it is: La's Sunflower Organics. Not only is it a totally organic bug spray, but it also is wonderful for relieving itchy skin, whether it be from an insect sting or bite to relieving itchiness caused by excema. I know several friends of mine who use it for their excema…with great results. Lastly, believe it or not, the ingredients are also terrific for reducing swelling and itching from hemmoriods! The final cool thing about the spray is that it is safe and effective to use on dogs, as well as young children. Can't ask more than that! Just had to share because I was making my own spray until I heard my friends chatting about it!
Thanks for the update, Beverly, I'll be sure to add that when I update this post in the summer.
Hi Katie. I just wanted to mention that MadeOn makes a stick version of their bug block, so it too can be applied without getting any on your hands ;). That's the version I had until my dog decided to chew on it and destroyed the tube :(. On the plus side, the dog suffered no adverse affects from her consumption of Bug Stick (other than my wrath, that is).
I like Liquid Net (available through Amazon or Spray N Grow websites). It's not sticky at all and is colorless (I spray it on my clothes and hair). It has cedar oil, which I personally don't mind, but my husband hates the smell. Unlike most mosquito repellents, it has a money back guarantee. In the summer (I live in SW Florida), I also will sometimes use mosquito pants and jacket. The down side with those is that even though they're mesh, in the summer it's kind of hot to wear, especially the jacket. I've tried those "bug away" clothes, but they do not work. I've tried clothes softener sheets and they didn't work. I've tried Off! Clip Ons and ThermaCell, and neither of them worked–I don't know how ThermaCell gets such great review on Amazon. I see those wristband things also have great reviews on Amazon, but I tried one of them and they didn't work. A friend told me taking one garlic oil capsule a day worked for her, but they didn't for me.
That's a really good question, Bethany – I still have a bar of MadeOn Bug Block that's probably 5 years old and the scent remains, so I think it still works! I just used it last weekend, but I don't know how many biting bugs were out anyway. If essential oils last quite a long time (generally 2 years or more, although not always – http://www.kitchenstewardship.com/2015/12/28/shelf-life-essential-oils/) then the products made from them should too if stored properly and not left open to the air.
B vitamins seem to make a difference for me. I also have an old Burt's Bees mosquito repellent with lemon grass. They both work. I need to get back to the B complex. I'm the mosquitoes favorite food. They won't bite my husband.
Thank you for the reviews. I will read them again later. I might have to make my own when I run out of the Burt's Bees.
I wanted to comment on my experience with the Miessence spray because I was completely surprised that you described it as something you have to rub in! I use it a LOT in the summer, and if I give it a shake and don't try to spray it upside down, I have no problems, although occasionally when trying to get around some part of my legs, I get a drip now and then if I'm holding the bottle funny. Occasionally I get a Miessence product that is inconsistent with the usual quality, so maybe that was the case for your sample? or maybe we just have different definitions of spray. 🙂 now it makes me curious to try something else for comparison.
I will note that it seems to lose effectiveness over time and a bottle from last summer won't work as well as a new one every year, sigh, but then, I tend to use almost the whole thing for the past couple of summers anyway.
as for the neem, I think it is in the formulation sold in Australia (Bushflower spray or some other name?) but not in the Buzz Free Zone spray available to US customers.
I just grabbed the bottle to try it again, and it's definitely more of a runny lotion than a spray. Most of my others mist right on, just like a squirt bottle of water that you'd use for cleaning. ??? I shook it!
Thank you so much Katie for your detailed, honest reviews. I appreciate them so much! Just placed our order with Wildthings, as we ran out of our go-to spray and my son covered with welts from mosquito bites. Just curious, was Hopewell Essential Oils "No Bites!" part of your testing? That has been our family's favorite, but I'm excited to try Wildthings water-based option.
Sorry Katie and everyone…my blog got hacked. And since I just blog as a hobby, I don't have the $1000 to pay someone to fix it for me. I'm also not super techy so I'm struggling to figure out how to fix it myself. So, for now, my blog post about Lyme (and everything else) is not available. The book "Healing Lyme" by Stephen Buhner was the herbal protocol we followed to treat my husband's Lyme. He had been having symptoms for several months before we began this protocol. He noticed symptom improvement within a couple of weeks but we followed the protocol for 9 months and he has been symptom-free since! My son developed the "bull's eye" rash and was immediately treated with antibiotics and has had no further symptoms. We take Elderberry syrup each winter as our "flu shot" and Astragalus Root extract every summer to strengthen our immune systems and prevent infection by Lyme. (This is also per Buhner's protocol).
Great info once again. Thank you for all you do & for sharing! I'm not one to normally join a conversation, but I thought I'd mention… along with a good non-toxic bug spray, Fulvic acid has been a game changer for me in recovering from Chronic Lyme disease and has taken the fear out of going back outdoors. It's amazing what it can do to aide in your cellular health.
And you may want to look into the eucalyptus recommendations again. I know Lea Harris is very conservative, but Robert Tisserand approves of eucalyptus topically for children as young as 3 if it's not above a certain percentage. And Dr. Jessie Hawkins who is the NAHA leader in Tennessee also doesn't say to avoid it until age 10. It opens up a lot more options that are still safe!
Great info on the eucalyptus, thank you. My doTERRA bottle was obtained years ago directly from a rep. Mosquitoes are also different species in various locations, so that could account for your results. Glad to hear it works for you!
I love your posts, you always provide useful and practical tips. Your tips on how to deal with wasps was a little dangerous, but still efficient. Bugs are just arriving in Australia, since it's the beginning of spring, but they are already active and we could use some good bug spray. I protect the garden with various natural remedies, like beer for slugs and our cat has already caught one mole, but it's hard to protect yourself from things like mosquitoes and ants. So, thanks, I will definitely check out the things you offer. As for the wasps, I found this quite extensive guide which presents all the wasp nest removal options – https://fantasticpestscontrol.com.au/blog/fantastic-guide-to-wasp-nests/ .


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Endowus: Transforming wealth management with Google Cloud
About Endowus
Launched publicly in April 2019, this Singapore-based investment platform is founded on the idea that investing shouldn't be a costly affair. Endowus believes in using technology to help its customers achieve their financial goals at a much lower cost compared to the traditional way of investing.
Industries: Financial Services
Products: Google Cloud Platform, Kubernetes Engine, BigQuery
Endowus uses Google Kubernetes Engine to make the deployment processes faster and safer on its platform, thereby helping to ensure a more seamless experience for its customers.
Creates a seamless user experience for customers on the Endowus platform
Helps Endowus scale to manage tens of millions of dollars for hundreds of clients, just weeks after launch
Enables Endowus to provide access to better financial products and advice at 30% of the typical industry cost
Helps Endowus make more accurate marketing decisions with BigQuery
Allows integration of data from different platforms hosted by other organizations
Helps enable customers to lower investment costs by 70%
For many, investing feels like a tedious and costly process, but Singapore-based investment platform Endowus aims to simplify the process and even make it more enjoyable. The company offers a one-stop shop where investors can get advice and a range of investment options without paying a high fee. "With an experienced team in the investment management industry, we want to become a platform that provides access to the best products and advice at the lowest cost possible," says Gregory Van, co-CEO and COO of Endowus.
Pushing the boundaries of technology to benefit its customers by keeping costs low, Endowus' strategy is to remain an asset-light platform by keeping a lean team that understands how to use technology to scale the business. "The cost of investing has traditionally been very high due to the manual processes involved. We believe most of this can be automated with the help of technology," he adds.
Laying the right foundations with Google Kubernetes Engine
"We were looking for the quick and cost-efficient solution to build our microservices platform. After careful evaluation, we went with Google Kubernetes Engine as it offers a production-ready cluster with all the necessary tooling and support."
—Joo Won Lee, CTO, Endowus
With clients that range from large institutions to individuals, Endowus partners with large financial institutions and fund managers to provide a wide variety of portfolio offerings to its customers. As an investment platform, it's crucial for Endowus to build and deploy new features quickly while maintaining good visibility of its internal processes. As such, it turned to Google Kubernetes Engine (GKE).
Since deploying GKE, the company has been able to run quicker deployments and feedback loops. "Initially, the whole platform was basically deployed in one environment. We used different open source backend technologies on the platform that provided no visibility on what was going on in the system. Soon after, we decided to rebuild the existing system using a microservices architecture. Deploying it on Google Kubernetes Engine made the most sense," says CY Koh, Dev Ops Lead at Endowus.
"We were looking for the quickest and most cost-efficient solution to build our microservices platform on top of Kubernetes," adds Joo Won Lee, CTO at Endowus. "We looked at other cloud service providers with hosted Kubernetes solutions and also considered on-prem options. After careful evaluation, we went with Google Kubernetes Engine as it offers a production-ready cluster with all the necessary tooling and support to make sure packages and versions are always up-to-date."
"With clear processes and basic templates set up, Google Kubernetes Engine makes it very easy for developers to understand what is going on under the hood. This removes uncertainties about the deployment process, and developers can easily deploy new changes and services."
—CY Koh, Dev Ops Lead, Endowus
Endowus now has more than 40 microservices with hundreds of pods operating in each environment. "With clear processes and basic templates set up, Google Kubernetes Engine makes it very easy for developers to understand what's going on under the hood. This removes uncertainties about the deployment process, and developers can easily deploy new changes and services," says CY. As a result, developers are now able to focus on building and pushing out new features with confidence that the system will work as expected.
"Different institutions have different systems and requirements. It's our job to translate all of that into a seamless experience for the end customer through our platform. Google Kubernetes Engine gives us the ability to improve that experience and respond to customer feedback at a faster rate."
—Gregory Van, co-CEO and COO, Endowus
As an investment platform, the company is constantly feeding live market data into its platform and providing real-time updates to its customers on how their investments are performing. To do so, its platform interacts with various systems in the finance world, including legacy systems as far back as fax machines. "Different institutions have different systems and requirements. It's our job to translate all of that into a seamless experience for the end customer through our platform. Google Kubernetes Engine gives us the ability to improve that experience and respond to customer feedback at a faster rate," says Gregory.
Soon, the company will launch its newest and largest feature to date, the Central Provident Fund (CPF) investment portfolio. Like its other offerings, this feature depends on GKE to ensure a smooth and easy process. "With a horizontally scalable microservices architecture, the platform is easy to scale up to meet the demands of our customers," says CY.
Charting the future with BigQuery
Endowus plans to run its first marketing campaign soon, and will be using BigQuery to provide the analytics that will drive it. "The first stage will be to figure out customer behavior, their demographic profiles, how they invest, and how they respond to market changes. Then, we will look at our existing customers to learn more about their interests and needs, and finally see how we can measure our marketing efforts," says CY. He adds that the data from BigQuery will be crucial to its decision-making process in terms of resource allocation, as it will help ensure that marketing budgets are efficiently spent.
Meeting security standards in the finance world
As a Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) licensed investment platform, Endowus is required to meet certain security standards. "By virtue of being on Google Cloud, we are compliant with a lot of regulatory requirements without having to build things from scratch," says Gregory.
From access controls and encryption to network perimeter defence, the transparent structure of GKE has made it easy for engineers to address the specific rules that are applied to certain servers.
Braving the future with cutting-edge technology
With Google Cloud as a partner, Endowus is now able to constantly develop new products with a very quick time to market. "With the capabilities of Google Cloud and our highly skilled and passionate team members, our 10 developers are doing the work that would typically take 30 developers," says Gregory.
He adds that having a partner like Google to support the team is crucial in order for the company to move forward successfully. "The Google sales and customer engineers are extremely knowledgeable about their product, and their supportive nature really makes Google a great partner to work with."
Endowus already has plans to expand beyond the shores, but will first focus on the Singapore market and its latest CPF investment portfolio offering. "We have a lot of products to offer the Singapore community, and we are glad to be able to do this with Google Cloud. Importantly, it speaks our language when it comes to understanding which products can best meet the needs of our company, and that fills us with confidence," says Gregory.
Google Cloud Platform Kubernetes Engine BigQuery

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Frederick Man Receives "Spectacular" Win
Claim $1 Million Cash Spectacular Scratch-off Prize
After winning a $25 prize playing a $1 scratch-off, the 68-year-old Frederick man decided to reinvest his winnings and purchase a Cash Spectacular instant ticket. Lucky for him he did! He wound up scratching his way to the first of Cash Spectacular's $1 million top prizes, leaving two $1 million prizes remaining on the ticket.
"I felt the ticket calling to me," he said. "After buying it, I decided to scratch it right then and there. When I realized I'd won a million dollars, I knew I had to put my poker face on. I couldn't chance anyone knowing how much the ticket was worth. It was a long walk to my car."
He told Lottery officials that although he plays occasionally, he's never won anything remotely close to this amount. "I just wish I could have won when my kids were younger," he said. "I could have done more for them when they were growing up."
The Frederick man, who has lived in Western Maryland all his life, said he still plans to help his kids by paying for some of his grandkids' education. "This is certainly my way of helping them out now."
The lucky winner purchased his winning ticket at Old Farm Liquors on Old Farm Rd. in Frederick. Players who win a top prize playing Cash Spectacular have an option of taking the cash or taking the annuity.
Categories: Scratch-Offs, Winners Tags: cash spectacular, frederick
← Long-distance Mega Millions Win for Baltimore Player
Hot Hand Delivers Cold Hard Cash →


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Ideas for Use
Hoarding competition
Big Build competition
Ivor attends Morgan Sindall awards ceremonies as guest of honour!
Back in December last year, Morgan Sindall Site Manager Michael Pyatt and his team were eager to involve the future students with the construction of their new school at Six Bells near Abertillery.
This new school would be made up of pupils from the existing primary campuses of Bryngwyn and Queen Street, which are part of Abertillery Learning Community. With such a large number of pupils to engage with, Michael and the team decided that an art competition would be well suited – he wasn't wrong – the excited students submitted over 200 entries and it was agreed that the staff of both campuses would decide the winners, with them being crowned in the new year.
On the 14th February 2019, the Morgan Sindall site team, accompanied by an incredibly excited Ivor Goodsite attended both campuses to hand out prizes to the budding artists who most impressed their teachers. Two special assemblies were carried out, one at each campus. The staff and students were given an update on the progress of their new school, they had a special Q & A session with Ivor and the Site Team and to top off a wonderful visit the two winning children were presented with brand new Kindles.
Ivor was delighted to attend this event promoting the new primary campus at Six Bells which is being built by Morgan Sindall. When complete, the children from Bryngwyn campus in the area of Six Bells and Queen Street campus in Abertillery will attend their brand new campus which will be called Six Bells.
All the artwork has been gratefully received by Mike and the team and it is proudly being displayed on their site hoardings for the whole community to enjoy. Ivor would like to personally thank both schools and the Morgan Sindall team for being so welcoming. He had a wonderful day!"
As part of your visit you may want to access or download resources to support you, including a school presentation or Child Protection Guidance template.
Industry mascots Ivor and Honor Goodsite can be hired to attend construction-related events to engage with children and encourage safety on site. Find out more about how you can hire the costume characters and promote a positive image of the industry.


text:
Dolly Parton Shares Rare Photo With Husband Carl Dean
Dolly Parton has lived most of her life in the spotlight, but a large part of her life has remained pretty secretive, even after all these years. Her husband, Carl Dean, is largely unseen, but Parton posted a sweet throwback shot of the couple in honor of Valentines' Day.
Parton Posts Rare Photo Of Her Husband
"Happy Valentine's Day y'all!" the country superstar captioned the picture. "Remember to squeeze your loved ones a little tighter today and tell them you love 'em!" The photo shows Dean kissing Parton on the cheek as she beams for the camera.
The couple has been married for 55 years, but Dean is rarely seen. He doesn't like the publicity that comes with Parton's career and rarely accompanies Parton to events — Parton has joked that he's only seen her perform once.
Details About Their Marriage
The singer recently shared how she keeps their marriage "spicy," telling E! News Daily Pop, "I like to dress up for Carl. Every day, I put on some makeup and fix my hair because I think, 'Well, the whole world, I'm out here and everybody else sees me all dressed up, and I'm not going to just kind of go home and just flop on him.'"
"It's important to me that I look as good as I can," Parton continued. "I think it kind of helps keep things spicy." The star also recently opened up about their home life, telling People that they spend time in the kitchen together.
"I like it when he comes. A lot of times he'll sit and watch me, or he'll talk," she shared. While Dean might not help her cook, he is on clean-up duty. "I'm a messy cooker, and he's good about cleaning up for me and keeping the stuff cleaned up around me," Parton explained.
Even though Dean stays out of the limelight, Parton has no problem sharing details about their "great relationship." She told People, "We've been together most of our lives. I always joke and laugh when people ask me what's the key to my long marriage and lasting love. I always say 'Stay gone!' and there's a lot of truth to that. I travel a lot, but we really enjoy each other when we're together and the little things we do."
More News From Suggest
Dolly Parton Has Broken Three Guinness World Records This Year
Dolly Parton's Friends Allegedly Fearful After Singer's Rumored Facial Paralysis Due To Plastic Surgery
Keanu Reeves' Mother Designed One Of Dolly Parton's Most Iconic Outfits
Rio Ferdinand blasts two "worthless" Arsenal players thanks to their 'lack of discipline'
83-Year-Old Man Speaks Out After Surviving Brutal Beating by Gang of Dirt Bike Riders Who Surrounded His Car


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[41] Portishead Line reopening for passengers - ongoing discussion
Great Western Coffee Shop > Sideshoots - associated subjects > Preserved railway lines, Railtours and other rail based attractions > Closure threat - Bristol Railway
Author Topic: Closure threat - Bristol Railway (Read 1543 times)
Closure threat - Bristol Railway
from https://www.facebook.com/ashtoncourtrly/ also at http://www.bristolmodelengineers.co.uk
We urgently need your help please!
There is a very real possibility that Ashton Court miniature railway will cease to operate following the end of the 2018 season.
Bristol City Council are proposing not to renew our lease on the site as they intend to use the land for alternative activities.
If this happens the consequences will be:
 No more Ashton Court Railway
 No more birthday parties
 No more Santa visits
 No more charitable events
The railway needs your support! Please spare a minute and...
✅ SHARE this post to raise awareness
✅ FOLLOW this page - we're in the process of setting up an online petition with Bristol City Council and will post a link here
✅ EMAIL your local councillor and ask them to support the railway (find yours here: https://www.bristol.gov.uk/council-and…/find-your-councillor)
Bristol Society of Model Engineers is a volunteer run, charity based, organisation that has built and operated #ashtoncourtrailway over the last 45 years. Over this time, it has given countless hours of enjoyment to the wider community in and around the city of Bristol.
« Last Edit: August 06, 2018, 02:22:05 am by grahame » Logged
bignosemac
Transport Scholar
Coffee Shop Forum Roving Reporter
Re: Closure thread - Bristol Railway
Thread or threat?
http://www.templecombevillage.uk/station.html
Re: Closure threat - Bristol Railway
Quote from: bignosemac on August 06, 2018, 01:48:36 am
Threat, thank you. Title edited.
martyjon
Quote from: grahame on August 05, 2018, 10:23:43 pm
Would be an awful shame if the railway ceases to operate, that pesky Marvin behind this.
patch38
Quote from: martyjon on August 06, 2018, 05:08:21 am
...that pesky Marvin behind this.
And him with a brain the size of a planet...
... Life? Don't talk to me about life.
eightonedee
Apologies again if (as an outsider to Bristol and its politics) I have got the wrong end of the stick. Is Marvin the local politician behind Metro Bus(t)?
If so, perhaps he wants to replace the miniature railway with a miniature guided bus way - a Mini Metro Bus!
There are some who call me... Tim
Quote from: eightonedee on August 06, 2018, 10:34:51 pm
No; neither Marvin Rees nor George Ferguson, his predecessor in the role of Bristol Mayor, were to blame for JustaBus. Lots of people have tried to hang the blame for it on George Ferguson, but in truth his main contributions were (a) an attempt to redirect the funds to something less ridiculous (which obviously failed), and (b) diverting the most obviously egregious route - straight through the middle of the Industrial Museum - along a less ludicrous path.
As an aside, by its own definition JustaBus does serve Ashton Court - you can see it from Long Ashton P&R. By the same definition, Justabus also serves Venus on a clear night.
...you better start swimmin' or you'll sink like a stone
For the times they are a-changin'
From The BBC
A row has broken out over a closure-threatened miniature railway run by volunteers.
The attraction at Ashton Court, Bristol, is operated by the Bristol Society of Model and Experimental Engineers (BSMEE).
Bristol City Council warned the society its lease may not be renewed as it does not make enough money.
A 12-month extension has now been agreed, but the group was told it needs to become financially viable.
Deputy mayor Asher Craig said the extension until the end of summer 2019 would allow time for a long-term solution to be discussed.
She said: "I have no problem with the railway being retained at Ashton Court but it needs to wash its face.
"The cost of running Ashton Court is nearly £500,000 a year."
A council debate was prompted by an 8,000-signature petition which supported an affordable rent for the attraction.
Quote from: grahame on September 13, 2018, 02:31:00 pm
But WHAT is the cost to the council of maintaining the small area of this large estate which the railway occupies, "Chicken Feed" I suspect.
Quote from: martyjon on September 13, 2018, 05:24:16 pm
Quite. Possibly the council is just playing political games, or perhaps they really can't see that if you raise the cost of something to the point where your customer can't afford it, you end up with a revenue of 100% of nothing. There was some similar kerfuffle a while back when they wanted to start charging the organisers of the Bristol's iconic Balloon Fiesta for the use of Ashton Court; Don Cameron said he was prepared to pay £1 (no typo; one pound) but if the council wanted more he'd have to consider moving it elsewhere...
I honestly never knew that railway existed, lived in WSM for 43 years and worked in Bristol the last 23
Have been to Ashton Court before too
How did I miss it?
Quote from: Phantom on September 14, 2018, 11:14:31 am
Its in an isolated corner of the estate, I would say the North-West corner of the estate near where the Portishead Road an Beggar Bush Lane intersect, best gate to enter Ashton Court Estate is the one at top of Rownham Hill and head north west. Its well worth a visit.
TonyK
The artist formerly known as Four Track, Now!
#MeToo.
Quote from: Red Squirrel on September 13, 2018, 06:42:47 pm
Filton? Or Kuala Lumpur?
I don't think Don Cameron makes much from the Fiesta. Probably nobody does bar the stall holders - and the businesses of Bristol, of course. If Devon County Council, to take an example, was prepared to shell out tens of thousands of pounds to have the Cycling Tour of Britain clog its roads for a day and think it good economics for the county, I am sure Don Cameron would have little problem in finding a new venue. Marvin risks throwing the baby out with the bathwater, and making Bristol a joyless place.
« Last Edit: October 15, 2018, 07:22:36 pm by Four Track, Now! » Logged
Now, please!


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text:
using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class StateMachine : MonoBehaviour {

	public virtual State CurrentState {
		get {
			return _currentState;
		}
		set {
			Transition(value);
		}
	}

	protected State _currentState;
	protected bool _inTransition;

	public virtual T GetState<T> () where T:State {
		T target = GetComponent<T> ();
		if (target == null)
			target = gameObject.AddComponent<T> ();

		return target;
	}

	public virtual void ChangeState<T>() where T:State {
		CurrentState = GetState<T> ();
	}

	protected virtual void Transition(State value) {
		if (_currentState == value || _inTransition)
			return;

		_inTransition = true;

		if (_currentState != null)
			_currentState.Exit ();

		_currentState = value;

		if (_currentState != null)
			_currentState.Enter ();

		_inTransition = false;
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: jsp caching and back button i have problem with history.go(-1) and jsp page .
i have jsp page that is make ajax call , after the call i want to go back to the previous page by using history.go(-1)  , it's not work in IE , but it's work fine with firefox .
in IE it's show me this :
Webpage has expired
Most likely cause:
The local copy of this webpage is out of date, and the website requires that you download it again
is this problem from the caching  , so how i enable the caching ? so the back will work fine ?
please help me :(
thank you ,

A: You can always use response.sendRedirect("previousPag.jsp") to go to the previous page, no need to use javascript functions history.go(-1). This may be over head for server side code, but since you are making an AJAX call may be cache is loaded with that AJAX call which deletes your previous cache pointed to the JSP Page in IE.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The new fun way to get creative! Take art to the next level and bring it to life with IDO3D!
Draw, set and connect using the UV light included, you can even draw in the air.
Design like a pro with the 3D templates and accessories included, or let your imagination run free.
This kit makes up to 40 unique 3D projects and includes 8 IDO3D pens, a UV light, a 3D guidebook and accessories.


QLD water works > Uncategorized > What Is Hiding in Your Water?
While Australia's water is some father purest in the world, it isn't exactly perfect.
There are lots of government regulations that help control the quality of the water and ensure that it is treated well. Still, many contaminants can make their way into our water, and if we are exposed to some of these for very long, we can experience some serious health issues.
Are You Aware of What Is Being Put in Your Water?
You might want to find out about what is in your tap water before you turn on the faucet and take a drink. Let's examine the chemicals and additives that have been put into your water and discuss why you may want to have a water filter installed.
Chlorine is one of the most common water additives, and it is used to kill all sorts of bacteria. While it is very effective at killing many parasites, it can also harm your body. If you are exposed to chorine over long periods of time, then you could be at severe risk of bladder cancer, asthma, premature aging of the skin and disorders that affect your reproductive system.
Fluoride can be found in the water you drink, whether it is added or not, but Australian water treatment plans add extra fluoride to protect your teeth and bones from premature decay. There are many who oppose water fluoridation, however, such as the Fluoride Action Network (FAN), because of the negative effects it can have on your brain functions, your thyroid and your bones.
Lead and other heavy metals can get into the water supply and may not be properly removed by the water processing plants. These contaminants could come from your end, if you have an old home. Your pipes could be contaminating your water supply, and if you get too much lead or other heavy metals, you could experience brain damage, kidney problems, reproductive issues and more. A filter can easily remove the heavy metal contaminants from your water supply.
Bacteria are present in most people's water supply, and many times they are completely harmless. Certain bacteria, however, can cause serve illness and may come from our own home's pipes as well as from the waters supply plant.
Nitrate levels are especially high in locations that are close to septic systems, land films or manure storage. A little bit of nitrate won't harm you, but if there is too much in your water, it can harm children that are not yet born. Pregnant women are advised to be careful about what kind of water they drink.
Water is imprint to your life, but it can be filled with many contaminants. Many times, there are tons of contaminants in the water we drink and we may not be able to control it. Our only course of action may be to use a water filtration system to ensure that what is in the water supply doesn't make it into our cups.
We can help you find the right filtration system for you. QLD water Solutions specialises in selling variety of high quality water filtration systems for both commercial and domestic use.


text:
Jaskinia Raj (pronunciado Yaskinia Ray y traducido como "cueva del paraíso") es una cueva horizontal de Polonia localizada en la colina Malik, al sur de la ciudad de Kielce, en el voivodato de Santa Cruz.

Forma parte de la "ruta turística roja Chęciny-Kielce", en las montañas de Santa Cruz (o montañas del cruce sagrado).

Descripción

La cueva tiene una longitud de 240 metros y 9.5 metros de verticalidad; sin embargo, sólo 180 metros están abiertos a visitantes. A pesar de su pequeño tamaño, es considerada una de las cuevas más hermosas de Polonia. Sus pasillos conducen por cinco cámaras adornadas por estalactitas, estalagmitas y columnas de roca creadas hace de miles de años. Admite visitas de un máximo de quince personas cada quince minutos a la cueva con la inclusión de un guía. Se debe mantener una temperatura interna de ocho a diez grados Celsius para conservar el valor histórico de la cueva. La humedad de la cueva es del 95 por ciento. Antes de la entrada hay una exhibición de hallazgos arqueológicos y paleontológicos hechos en la cueva, que incluyen herramientas prehistóricas (la cueva fue habitada por neandertales) y huesos de animales. Está iluminada mediante fibra óptica

Historia

La cueva fue descubierta en 1963 por Józef Kopec y Feliks Wawrzeńczak, estudiantes de una escuela técnica local. Fue abierta al público en 1972. Las cinco cámaras se formaron durante la era del devónico, hace 350 millones de años aproximadamente. En su interior, hay indicios de su ocupación por el hombre de Neandertal hace 50 o 60 mil años. A su vez hay signos de que osos de las cavernas, rinocerontes lanudos y mamuts la habían habitado también.

Enlaces externos

 Página oficial
 Galería de imágenes

Cuevas de Polonia
Geografía del voivodato de Santa Cruz

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Try to get comfortable with some basic options in tcpdump or in Wireshark. Can you answer the following questions ?
How do you write the output to a file? How do you read from a file ?
How do you enable or disable name and port number resolution ?
How do you look at all of the data in human readable form ?
How would you filter out everything but IP packets ?
How would you trace everything going to a web server ?
How would you look for specific data in a packet?


Microsoft Bluetooth Mobile Mouse 3600, Red - Mobile / Notebook Mice - Memory Express Inc.
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Take advantage of BlueTrack Technology, which combines the power of optical with the precision of laser for remarkable tracking on virtually any surface*.


When Bernie Sanders announced that he would seek the presidential nomination of the U.S. Democratic Party, few people took him very seriously. Hillary Clinton seemed to have so much support that her nomination seemed assured without difficulty.
Sanders however persisted in his seemingly utopian quest. To the surprise of most observers, the size of his audiences at meetings throughout the country began to grow steadily. His essential tactic was to attack the large corporations. He said that they used their money to control political decisions and to quash debate about the growing gap between the very top earners and the vast majority of the American people who were losing real income and jobs. To emphasize his position, Sanders refused to take money from large donors at the top and raised his money only from individuals donating small amounts.
In doing this, Sanders touched a deep vein of popular discontent, not only among those at the very bottom of the income ladder but from the so-called middle class who feared they were being thrust down into the bottom stratum. Today, polls show that Sanders has gained sufficient support that he seems to represent a serious opponent to Clinton.
Sanders has his limitations, especially the fact that his appeal to racial and ethnic minorities seems to be limited. But he has succeeded in forcing public discussion of the income gap. He has pushed Clinton's rhetoric to the left in her attempt to recuperate potential Sanders voters. Whatever the final outcome of the Democratic Party's convention, Sanders has achieved far more than almost everyone predicted at the outset of his campaign. He has, at the very least, forced a serious debate about program within the Democratic Party.
In January of 2016, there seems to have begun a parallel campaign in France. It is similar in many ways to that of Sanders but yet it is also quite different because of the structures of the electoral institutions of the two countries.
Three left intellectuals decided to launch a public appeal for a left primary (primaire à gauche). They are Yannick Jadot, a long-time political activist in environmentalist groups; Daniel Cohn-Bendit, of 1968 fame but for a long time a political activist seeking to unite environmentalists, left socialists, and pro-European forces; and Michel Wieviorka, a sociologist who had been an advisor to left figures in the Socialist Party.
They wrote a public appeal denouncing passivity before the rightward trend of politics in France, including of course the growing electoral strength of the Front National. They called for a serious public debate about how to unite the left and left-of-center forces to affect the presidential elections expected in 2017. Before making public the appeal, the originators sought endorsements from well-known public intellectuals of multiple political stripes, including Thomas Piketty and Pierre Rosanvallon. And they persuaded Libération, France's largest left-of-center newspaper, to devote an entire issue on January 11, 2016 to both the appeal and the multiple endorsements.
Two weeks later, on January 26, Libération devoted another issue to this appeal. By this time, 70,000 persons had signed the appeal. This issue contained articles by multiple public figures on what they saw as the primary issues to pursue and how best to pursue them. A lot of the debate centers on what is the function of a primary. The whole concept of a primary is an import from U.S. elections and is itself a response to the very unexpected results of the French presidential elections of 2002.
In the rules currently governing French presidential elections, unless one candidate receives a majority of the votes, there is a second round in which only the top two first-round candidates are on the ballot. The assumption had been that the first round was a sort of primary in which every political tendency would show its strength. It was assumed that in the second round the two main parties (center-right and center-left) would be the choice for the voters.
In 2002, however, the candidate of the far-right Front National edged out the Socialist Party. The choice for voters was now between the Front National and that of the mainstream right-of-center party. Faced with this choice, the Socialist Party then endorsed the center-right candidate for the second round, allowing him to win overwhelmingly. What had happened was simple. The left and center-left candidates were too many in the first round and this kept the Socialist Party from gaining enough votes to make it into the second round.
The impact of the 2002 elections was traumatic for the French left. The old system was designed for a situation in which there are two main parties. It doesn't work for a tripartite situation. To keep from repeating this defeat, the Socialist Party decided in 2011 to hold a party primary that was "open" to anyone. This primary was successful in that it kept most, albeit not all, candidates on the left from presenting themselves directly in the first round since they now could present themselves in the Socialist Party's primary. The openness of the primary led to many centrist voters entering this primary. This made it possible for François Hollande to be victorious over a more left candidate in the Socialist primary. Hollande went on in the second round to defeat the right candidate, President Nicolas Sarkozy.
Now however that Hollande is president, the last thing he wants is a primary that he might lose. On the other hand, he has been losing support within the Socialist Party from segment after segment of more left figures who have been resigning or have been ousted from their positions in the cabinet. He risks the entry of more names on the first round, which might lead to a repetition of what happened in 2002. At the same time, Sarkozy is also faced with a strong demand for a primary within his party, a primary that he is by no means assured of winning.
The problem in both main parties is that they are each divided internally on multiple real issues. For the Socialists and left forces, there is the division between neoliberal versus "welfare state" programs. There is the cleavage on how one defines laïcité – in absolute terms or allowing for cultural identity. And there is the cleavage on whether to strengthen or weaken European institutions. Finally, there is the now hot issue of so-called déchéance de nationalité in which it is proposed that persons who are French citizens by birth may be stripped of their French nationality if convicted of anything defined as aiding terrorism. This was a proposition previously of the right and had been strongly opposed by the Socialist Party. There is much unrest in the party about this reversal of position, which was a response to the vicious attack by the Islamic State on November 13 that transformed public sentiment considerably.
Hollande is now running as the candidate with the conservative position on all these issues. He hopes to win by being the candidate who is fighting terrorism, and therefore deserves the support of centrist individuals. It is this Hollande that the appeal to left forces is trying to force into a public debate.
The parallel with Sanders is that the French group may be tapping into the same popular discontent that Sanders has used to make his bid. The difference is that they are fighting an incumbent president who is ready to use every conceivable pressure to force discipline on party members. We shall know perhaps six months from now whether the French group can be as successful as Sanders.


text:
Home » News » Osun 2018 Election: Facts And Figures
Osun 2018 Election: Facts And Figures
Date Posted: October 16, 2018 at 6:12 am
Specifically, Section 153 of the Electoral Act 2010 (as amended) empowers the Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) in pursuit of the provisions of the Act, to "issue regulations, guidelines or manuals for the purpose of giving effect to the provisions of this Act and for its administration thereof".
However, the criticism against INEC on the conduct of Osun election clearly show that there is a serious challenge of not only ineptitude and incompetence of opposition party, Peoples Democratic Party (PDP), but also hypocrisy and nepotism. The resultant consequence of this is that the commission may be in danger in the hands of the opposition as the 2019 general elections approach.
This is because, INEC has made guidelines and regulations to protect the sanctity of voting processes and where the processes are disrupted to disenfranchise voters and such disruption will affect the result of the poll, the needful has to be done, which the INEC did in the instance case of Osun.
It is common knowledge that politicians hijacked ballot papers, chased away voters and disrupted processes and procedures to gain an unfair advantage on September 22 when the first ballot of Osun election was cast. Because the margin between the two leading candidates is less than the number of registered voters in the affected polling units, the INEC, in line with the guidelines and regulations it formulated gave the affected voters another opportunity to vote where their number will make a difference to the outcome of the election. The Commission has applied this regulation in several polls. So there is nothing new here. This was implemented in Governorship elections in Imo (2011 and 2015), Anambra (2013), Taraba (2015), Kogi and Bayelsa (2015) and several other polls.
As a ruling party PDP introduced inconclusive elections since 2011 and in 2018, the same party, as an opposition is telling Nigerians that Osun inconclusive election is unconstitutional. PDP has again proven his documented history since 2015, of raising hypocritical accusations on INEC and intellectual dishonest against Osun 2018 election. Amazingly, supporters of PDP, former ruling party who introduced inconclusive elections to Nigeria in 2011 spoke ignorantly on the issue of Osun 2018 rerun.
They ought to have been better informed rather than the shameful falsehood they tried to disseminate on the conduct of Osun 2018 election. These are verifiable facts. The PDP campaign of calumny for 2018 Osun election will not repair or reverse the damage which they inflicted on themselves in all their years of misrule in Nigeria. They betrayed the peoples' trust and the people of Nigeria will not be fooled a second time. The downhill slide of their political fortunes is irreversible.
By conducting Osun rerun election, INEC sought to protect its integrity and sanctity of not just the Commission but its leadership as well as the professional capabilities of the Commission. However, due to irregularities which marred the election at some polling units in Ife North, Osogbo, Ife South and Orolu local government areas, including cases of card reader malfunctioning, ballot boxes snatching, among others, 3,498 votes were cancelled in the affected polling units and these are stronghold of APC in the state.
The candidate of the PDP, Ademola Adeleke, had polled 254,698 votes ahead of the APC's Gboyega Oyetola, who polled 254,345 votes.
The legal contest of rerun was settled by the Supreme Court in the case between James Faleke, the running mate to Audu Abubakar, who won the 2015 Kogi governorship election and died before INEC announced the results. The Supreme Court held that the INEC guidelines provides for a rerun where voting was marred by violence, processes are disrupted to disenfranchise voters and the margin was more than the margin of victory; that there should be a rerun in those places so as to enable disenfranchised voters there to participate in the process. What INEC has done is right, legal, proper and constitutional.
Those who are making a noise that INEC cannot do it were the same people making arrangements, talking to Iyiola Omisore to support them in the rerun. You can see that there is no sincerity in those who are making the noise.
INEC did it in Anambra in 2013, where election did not take place in some local governments, some polling units and some wards. So, they postponed the election and it took place, after which they compiled the votes and declared Obiano the winner. So, this has been the pattern. There is nothing wrong with what the commission did in Osun.
Some inconclusive elections in Nigeria which INEC has conducted since 2011 are Osun 2018, Imo 2011 and 2015, Bayelsa 2015, Anambra 2013, Taraba 2015, Kogi 2015 and other polls. With a margin of 482 votes, APC's Gboyega Oyetola was declared Osun governor-elect by the INEC Returning Officer, Prof. Joseph Afuwape after the supplementary election held in seven units across four local government areas where election could either not hold on September 22 or was cancelled due to irregularities.
Nobody has questioned INEC on inconclusive elections in Nigeria. PDP did not go to court to challenge INEC on inconclusive elections from 2011 until Osun 2018 recently. The commission has been applying this regulation in several polls. So there is nothing new here.
INEC had issued an official statement about the conduct of the Osun State governorship election. In what can pass as the tightest governorship election in the annals of elections in the country, the Candidate of the Peoples Democratic Party, PDP, Senator Ademola Adeleke, polled 254,698 votes while his closest marker, Alhaji Gboyega Oyetola, of the All Progressives Congress, APC scored 254,345 votes. Adeleke led with 353 votes, which is a far cry from the 3,498 voided votes in Orolu LGA (three units, 947 votes), Ife South (two units, 1,314 votes), Ife North (one unit, 353 votes), and Osogbo (one unit, 884 votes). Consequently, while announcing the result of the Saturday's election, the electoral umpire said it was inconclusive and ordered a re- run to be conducted on Thursday, September 27 in four council areas where 3,498 votes were voided. This emerged as the PDP kicked against the re-run and vowed to go to court, insisting that it won the election.
The affected areas are APC stronghold. APC won the election with wide margin in Osogbo with 23,379 against PDP 14,499, Ife North 6,527 votes against PDP 5,486 votes and Ife South Local Government 7,223 against PDP 4,872 votes based on result released by INEC on September 23rd. These are strongholds of APC where the party had clearly won the first ballot.
So, based on the results collated by the Returning Officer, the margin between the leading candidates is 353, and is lower than the number of registered voters in the affected areas. Extant law and INEC Guidelines and Regulations provide that where such situation occurs, a declaration may not be made.
Cases Of Inconclusive Elections In Nigeria
Imo Guber Elections 2015
Okorocha (APC) – 385,671
Ihedioha (PDP) – 306,142
Margin – 79,529
Cancelled votes – 144,715
INEC Decision: election declared inconclusive, supplementary elections conducted
PDP Position: Applauded INEC
APC Position: Kicked against rerun but eventually participated and won
Anambra Senatorial Election 2011
Dora Akunyili (APGA) – 66,273
Chris Ngige ( ACN) – 65,576
Margin – 697
Cancelled votes – 7,930
ACN Position: applauded INEC
APGA Position: Kicked against rerun but eventually participated and lost.
ACN eventually won with 69,765 votes against APGA's 69,292
Kogi Guber Election 2015
Abubakar Audu (APC) – 240,867
Wada Idris (PDP) – 199,514
Cancelled votes – 49,953
Bayelsa Guber Elections 2015
Dickson ( PDP) – 105,748
Sylva ( APC) – 72,594
Cancelled votes – 120,000 (due to over-voting)
PDP Position: kicked against rerun wondering how 120,000 total number of registered voters. All showed up on election date and cast their ballot for candidate Sylva!
APC Position: Kicked against rerun claiming he won all 120,000 votes as returned by INEC officer in Southern Ijaw LGA.
Both parties eventually participated in the rerun and PDP won
Anambra Guber Election 2013
Obiano ( APGA) – 174,710
Tony Nwoye ( PDP) – 94,956
APGA Position: Kicked against rerun but eventually participated and won!!!


text:
module Risu
	module Parsers
		module Nessus
			module PostProcess
				class AppleICloudRollup < Risu::Base::PostProcessBase

					#
					def initialize
						@info =
						{
							:description => "Apple iCloud Patch Rollup",
							:plugin_id => -99939,
							:plugin_name => "Missing the latest Apple iCloud",
							:item_name => "Update to the latest Apple iCloud",
							:plugin_ids => [
                                125878, #Apple iCloud < 7.12 Multiple Vulnerabilities
							]
						}
					end
				end
			end
		end
	end
end


text:
Phyllomaeus gloriosa är en skalbaggsart som först beskrevs av Louis Albert Péringuey 1899.  Phyllomaeus gloriosa ingår i släktet Phyllomaeus och familjen långhorningar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Långhorningar
gloriosa


text:
Kenya and Bangladesh employment programme
10,000 women and men with disabilities are to benefit from an innovative inclusive employment programme in Kenya and Bangladesh led by international pan-disability charity Leonard Cheshire.
We're very optimistic about the positive differences the project is set to make on the employment opportunities for men and women with disabilities in Kenya and Bangladesh.
The Innovation to Inclusion (i2i) programme has been awarded funding through the Department for International Development's (DFID) Aid Connect stream. i2i brings together a consortium of influential partners from the Global North and Global South who will work collaboratively to ensure persons with disabilities, a critically underutilised talent pool, are actively recruited and retained in meaningful employment in the private sector.
Tiziana Oliva, Executive Director — International at Leonard Cheshire, commented:
'Programmes like i2i are essential in bringing together expertise from a diverse group of contributors, who all offer a unique and insightful perspective on the challenges people with disabilities face all over the world.
'We are pleased that this funding will allow us to test new and innovative approaches to improve the employment landscape in Kenya and Bangladesh, that can then be replicated.
'Equal access to decent employment is an absolute necessity for people with disabilities and it's important that we work together to develop frameworks that can be implemented in low and middle-income countries in order to affect change and create more inclusive societies.'
The i2i consortium will focus on the following key areas to ensure sustainable change for women and men with disabilities in Bangladesh and Kenya:
Disabled People's Organisations (DPOs) will be at the forefront of positive advocacy initiatives informed by high-quality data and evidence on disability and employment
Strengthen national governments to have comparable and relevant disability data to monitor and implement inclusive strategies and policies
Work with private sector employers to make workplaces inclusive for persons with disabilities
Improve and strengthen the skills of persons with disabilities to gain and retain employment
Digital and technology-based solutions will be developed, tested and validated throughout the i2i programme demonstrating the potential for change of successful interventions that strengthen inclusive employment models in low and middle-income countries.
Richard Boden, Senior Policy Advisor at DFID, commented:
'With technology being a central theme of DFID's first ever disability inclusion strategy, initiatives like i2i will be instrumental in demonstrating the power of collaboration and innovation in bringing about tangible solutions to the barriers people with disabilities face around the globe.
'We're very optimistic about the positive differences the project is set to make on the employment opportunities for men and women with disabilities in Kenya and Bangladesh.
'Insight and learning from the project will no doubt have an impact beyond these two focus countries, broadening the potential to make meaningful change in the wider disability sector.'
For further please contact Erin O'Reilly via erin.o'reilly@leonardcheshire.org.
The i2i consortium consists of:
Leonard Cheshire (lead),
the World Bank,
the International Labour Organization (ILO),
European Disability Forum (EDF),
London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM),
CBM,
Global Disability Innovation Hub (GDI Hub),
Plan International UK,
Action Network for the Disabled Kenya (ANDY)
Bangladesh Business and Disability Network (BBDN).
This latest funding follows an 8-month co-creation period, a year-on from the Global Disability Summit where the Aid Connect grants were announced. Consortium partners worked closely with persons with disabilities and DPOs during the co-creation period to examine: existing social protection policies and practices and how they link with employment; the current availability, accessibility and affordability of mainstream and assistive technologies used by persons with disabilities to engage and be retained in the work place; and ways data on disability and employment had been captured in each country.
Our work doesn't just stop at support. From conducting our own research to working with the United Nations to influence legislation— find out how our work is helping disabled people to live, learn and work as independently as they choose across the globe.
More than one billion disabled people, 15% of the world's population, make up one of the most disadvantaged and marginalised groups within society.
They are routinely denied their most basic human rights — cut off from education, employment and healthcare. Many live in extreme poverty.


Real Madrid have sacked manager Julen Lopetegui after their El Clasico defeat by Barcelona.
The Spanish giants sit ninth in La Liga following their sixth league game without a win and their third successive defeat.
Barcelona ran out 5-1 winners thanks to a hat-trick from Luis Suarez and goals from Phillipe Coutinho and Arturo Vidal on Sunday afternoon.
Santiago Solari has been placed in interim charge after Antonio Conte reportedly ended talks over taking the role.
Lopetegui moved to Real in the summer after quitting Spain days before their World Cup campaign.
But he has paid the price for a disastrous start to the season.
Solari will only have three days to prepare for their Copa del Rey clash at Melilla before hosting Valladolid next Saturday.
"The Board of Directors of Real Madrid CF, meeting today October 29, 2018, has agreed to terminate the contract of coach Julen Lopetegui.
"The Board of Directors understands that there is a great disproportion between the quality of the staff of Real Madrid, which has 8 players nominated for the next Golden Ball, something unprecedented in the history of the club, and the results obtained to date.
Go and join security job.
Go and join a security company.