Prom season is here! From early May through mid-June, high-schoolers dress to the nines for a night on the town. Everyone (parents and teens) wants to have a safe and happy prom season. With so much happening on prom night it can be easy for them to get distracted. Take some time before the prom to talk to your teen about being safe behind the wheel. With so much happening on prom night it can be easy for them to get distracted. Take some time before the prom to talk to your teen about being safe behind the wheel.
Alcohol: Cars and alcohol are a deadly combination. One problem is that many teens view drinking as a normal part of the prom and graduation celebration. A study of 12,000 students by the Statistic Brain Institute, found that 53% of prom-goers admitted to having more than four drinks on prom night. That means more than half were legally drunk (or worse). As educators and parents, we cannot condone this behavior and it's imperative that we do not facilitate underage drinking. On the other hand, if we deny that underage drinking happens, the results can be catastrophic.
Seat belts: According to National Highway Transportation Safety Administration, more than half of 16-20 year olds killed in car crashes were not wearing seat belts.
Distractions: For many students, prom night is the highlight of the year. This youthful exuberance amounts to emotional driving. Text messages, Snapchat, loud music and a stunning companion all contribute to the chaos, and combine to take the young driver's mind OFF what they are doing.
Bad Driving: Let's face it, most of these kids have been driving less than 2 years, and the majority of them haven't learned to drive properly anyway, so they are still learning on the job. Add to that a car full of kids (if they're 18, they are no longer probationary drivers) and it adds up to trouble.
Always make an ironclad agreement with your teenager that they are never to get behind the wheel, or get into a vehicle with a driver who has been drinking (one is too many), using drugs or tired (minimum of 6 hours of sleep before driving). Your child needs to know that they can call you at any time — day or night — and get picked up, if they, or their designated driver, have become impaired.
Listen carefully to their plans, especially their travel plans. Are they allowing enough time for everyone to recover from the prom night festivities? Alcohol-free prom and graduation nights have been a huge help in reducing drunk driving tragedies. One problem is that the kids stay awake all night and, in many cases, are allowed to drive home drowsy the next morning!
Involve yourself in their planning — they may object, but someone has to be the adult. Who will they be with? Do you know the other kids and their families? Who is driving? Are they still a probationary driver? Insist that there must be one alternate (well-rested) driver included. Where will they be staying? How many kids to a room?
Volunteer to be their chauffeur for the weekend. They'll probably refuse, but it's worth a try.
Expect them to follow rules you set. This goes for prom, graduation and summertime driving. These are great times in our kids' lives, but don't allow your young driver to take a "mental vacation" from their safe driving habits.
Activities that take drivers' attention off the road, including talking or texting on mobile devices, eating, conversing with passengers, adjusting mirrors or the radio, and other distractions, are a major safety threat.
Distracted driving is now a public health crisis in the United States. Cell phone use while driving whether it is hands free or not, has been followed with accidents, injuries, and fatalities rising at alarming rates!
According to the US Department of Transportation, cell phones are now involved in 1.6 million auto crashes each year, injuring 500,000 people and causing 6,000 deaths.
With this historic increase in crash fatalities over the past two years, the Massachusetts Executive Office of Public Safety and Security traffic shares the recently launched Highway Safety Division (HSD) "Drive Present" campaign, to stress to drivers the importance of focusing on the road and not on their phones. Driving present is about being engaged in the moment: aware of your surroundings, ready to react when the situation changes. When you're behind the wheel, you owe it to the people you love to focus only on the task at hand. Why? Because they're counting on you to make it home safe.
Distracted drivers pose a deadly risk to everyone on the road. Here are 9 tips for managing some of the most common distractions.
Turn it off. Turn your phone off or switch to silent mode before you get in the car.
Spread the word. Set up a special message to tell callers that you are driving and you'll get back to them as soon as possible, or sign up for a service that offers this.
Use your passengers. Ask a passenger to make the call for you.
X the Text. Don't ever text and drive, surf the web or read your email while driving. It is dangerous and against the law in most states.
Know the law. Familiarize yourself with state and local laws before you get in the car. Some states and localities prohibit the use of hand held cell phones. GHSA offers a handy chart of state laws on its website: www.ghsa.org/html/stateinfo/laws/cellphone_laws.html.
Keep the kids safe. Pull over to a safe location to address situations with your children in the car.
Secure your pets. Pets can be a big distraction in the car. Always secure your pets properly before you start to drive.
Focus on the task at hand. Refrain from eating, drinking, smoking, reading and any other activity that takes your mind and eyes off the road.
Source: the Massachusetts Executive Office of Public Safety and Security website.
Think using a hands-free device while driving makes you safer? Think again. You may be surprised at how this NSC infographic shows the cell phone conversation is distracting. In order to stay safe, you need your eyes on the road, your hands on the wheel, and your mind on driving.
April is National Distracted Driving Month and here are important resources to share!
Did you know the leading cause of workplace death is car crashes? NSC estimates aquarter of crashes involve cell phones. Learn more about this workplace danger in this infographic and how employers can take the lead by putting cell phone policies in place.
Next time your teen groans at the thought of a weekend driving lesson, flash a smile and tell the young driver it won't be with you. Let them try a distracted driving simulator, a video-game-like experience that creatively inspires teens to keep their eyes on the road.
Any activity that diverts a driver's attention from the road is distracting. For new, young drivers, these temptations seem like harmless, everyday tasks. From answering a phone call to adjusting the radio station, non-driving activities should be left until the car has come to a complete stop and is safely parked.
The United States government has created a website, NHTSA website, to educate parents about the dangers of distracted driving with some eye-opening statistics. For example: "Ten percent of all drivers under the age of 20 involved in fatal crashes were reported as distracted at the time of the crash. This age group has the largest proportion of drivers who were distracted."
The site also explains it takes an average of five seconds for a driver to read and respond to a text message. In that short period of time, a car traveling at 55mph can drive the length of a football field!
A study from the Pew Research Center titled "Teens and Distracted Driving: Texting, Talking and Other Uses of the Cell Phone Behind the Wheel" discovered that 75 percent of teenagers ages 12-17 own a cell phone, and 66 percent of them use the mobile device for texting. Of those teens who send text messages, one in three in the 16-17-year-old age bracket admits to texting while behind the wheel. Fifty-two percent say they chatted on the phone -- which also counts as distracted driving -- while operating a vehicle.
Toyota's TeenDrive365 Safety Clinics are popping up across the nation (with events scheduled far into 2015) to help address these dangerous habits. The two-and-a-half hour class teaches road safety and automobile maintenance for both parents and teens -- because we can all use a little tune-up when it comes to driving safety.
The hottest feature of the clinic is the realistic driving simulator that allows teen drivers to find out what happens when they take their eyes off the road for even moment to respond to a text message or apply makeup. The simulator reinforces defensive driving techniques and how to use safety features in the car to make driving both enjoyable and safe.
The clinic is free and open to anyone who registers on the TeenDrive365 website.
It can be scary letting your teen get behind the wheel. The best way to ease this stress is to ask questions and be prepared.
Is your child covered as an additional driver on your auto insurance policy in the event of an accident?
If your teen hits another vehicle or someone's property, is it covered?
Does your child need special insurance coverage while driving a school-owned vehicle in a driver's education class?
If your teen is taking driving lessons using your vehicle, make safety for your child and others on the road your number one concern. Find out what type of policy and coverage you need by talking with one of our Baldwin / Welsh & Parker Trusted Choice independent agents. They're happy to explain how to add a new family member to an existing policy, and when the time comes, secure their first automobile insurance coverage policy.
School is back in session and many high school and college students will be driving more as they commute to and from school, which makes now a good time to remind your student driver about safe driving practices.
Always Stop When a School Bus Stops. Be alert for School Buses and students trying to cross the street and stop when you see a School Bus stopped or students trying to cross the street.
Don't talk on the phone or text while driving. EVER! Not only is texting or using a hand-held phone while driving illegal in many states, it's also a dangerous distraction. Of those killed in crashes caused by distracted driving, 18 percent were the result of using a cell phone while driving. Using a cell phone while driving – even with a hands-free device – delays a driver's reaction as much as having a blood alcohol concentration of .08 percent, according to the University of Utah.
Always wear a seat belt and make all your passengers wear one, too.
Abide by the speed limit. Going too fast gives you less time to stop or react. Excessive speed is one of the top causes of car accidents.
Don't drink and drive or ride with someone who has consumed alcohol. If you need a ride call a friend, family member, or taxi. Car crashes are the No. 1 cause of death for teens and one of three of these crashes is alcohol related.
Keep the music down. Driving with the volume on the stereo turned up may seem harmless, but it can be just as much of a distraction as using a cell phone.
Don't try to squeeze too many people into a car. You should never have more people in a car than you do seat belts.
Abide by all traffic lights and signs. Don't run red lights or stop signs, and make sure the intersection is clear even if the light is green.
Keeping all drivers safe on the road is important and part of that means making sure the appropriate auto insurance coverage is in force. Call your Baldwin / Welsh & Parker Trusted Choice independent insurance agent to help you find the right coverage for you and/or your student driver and answer any questions you have about the insurance. You should also ask your independent insurance agent about student driver discounts, such as the good student discount, which can save you 10 to 15 percent on your premium if your student has a B average. Student drivers who have completed an accredited driver education or training course may also be eligible for a discounted auto insurance rate.


text:
Past Workshops »
Asylum Seeking in Unsettled Times
Asylum Seeking in Unsettled Times: The Changing Nature and Function of Credibility in Immigration Law and Culture
Doctoral student Abigail Stepnitz of UCB's Jurisprudence & Social Policy Department examined 120 asylum applications filed between 1989 and 2018, and found that the stories asylum seekers tell in their bids to be recognized as refugees has changed over time. As the number of applications rose, the government agencies handling them put more stress on well-prepared and documented applications.
The asylum system projects a common-sense myth that asylum seekers need only tell the truth and those with credible claims will be protected, and yet both the broader cultural context and the specific institutional framework in which claims are raised reflect a much more unstable approach. Rather than being part of a transparent legal test to prove eligibility, credibility functions instead as a kind of shibboleth, a way to introduce changing cultural expectations into the process. The result is an institutional framework in which both the law and policy that structures the system and the content of asylum claims must evolve in response to these changes, absorbing and reflecting broader social, political and ideological shifts. Building on Swidler's (1986) framework for understanding the relationship between culture and action in settled and unsettled times, this paper asks how and to what extent the evolution of the asylum system, and in particular the nature and function of credibility, are a product of the institutionalization of cultural changes. To answer this question, I offer a two-part analysis consisting of an historical framework for identifying and characterizing settled and unsettled periods in the evolution of asylum and credibility which reveals a top down institutionalization of cultural change, and an empirical evaluation of 120 asylum claims filed from 1989-2018, which reveals how, from the bottom up, asylum narratives reflect these changing institutional requirements and evolving cultural shifts to present asylum seekers' lives as legible and credible.
Click here for the full paper.
de Lucena Coelho's Comments (Summary)
Fluid read even for a broad audience. The main argument, that credibility is shaped by the discretion of institutions law and policy is presented on a coherent way with solid founded qualitative arguments. However there are three main points in which the article could make changes that are worthwhile noticing.
Click here for the full comments.
This page was last updated on November 25, 2019.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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There's a lot of star power at UCLA. There are professors like computer science pioneer Leonard Kleinrock, who sent the first message over the Internet; Pulitzer Prize-winning geographer Jared Diamond; and Lloyd Shapley, the 2012 winner of the Nobel Prize in Economics. And then there are the students. The Theater, Film and Television school, among the best in the country, boasts scores of alumni in movies and on television, including Mayim Bialik, George Takei, Jack Black and Ben Stiller. The Bruins sports teams have also produced a galaxy of stars, including Arthur Ashe, Jackie Robinson, Kareem Abdul Jabbar, Troy Aikman and dozens of Olympians in track and field. That said, the university does a fine job of supporting ordinary students as well. Although more than one-third of its students come from low-income families, 91% of freshmen eventually graduate -- about 15% more than is typical for schools with similar student bodies. Bruins also tend to graduate into good jobs, reporting average annual salaries to PayScale of about $57,500 within three years, significantly above the average. The campus also offers more than 1,000 clubs and organizations, so there's something for everyone to do. Not to mention, Santa Monica beach is just a short five miles away.


text:
Q: How to import sql script in sql compact database? I have a SQL server database. I wanna use the same database in sql compact edition. Actually I've been searching for it and found that there is something like sql scripting. (Task->Generate Script) So I created a script file(script.sql) but I don't know how to import this script in sql compact. The purpose is to have a .sdf database and be able to manage the database via SQL Server Compact.
I have tested softwares like primeworks(DataPort Wizard) before but it doesn't give the result because my database is too large for it.
Any suggestion to convert SQL database(.mdf) to SQL Compact(.sdf) by using script file or by another way is greatly appreciated.

A: 1) Data Portal Wizard is the best tool available. Since you have a verge large DB, you can convert in small units. Like for ex : use Task->Generate Script -> tables
Generate Script -> Stored procedure
and so on.
Don't convert everything in a single go.
Let me know if this was helpful to you. Else we will think of something else.
For reference:
http://www.primeworks-mobile.com/Products/DataPortWizard.html

A: Right Click DATABASE >> Task >> Generate Script >> next >> select  entire database and all database object >> next  >> save script to specific location >> next >> next
Now open the Save script file in SQl editor
Select All and click !Execute  Button

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Tag Archives: kentucky
December 6, 2021 · 2:31 pm
Whitework at the Kentucky Museum
Another exhibition I saw on my recent visit to the Kentucky Museum in Bowling Green was a presentation of the museum's collection of 19th century whitework. I learned that whitework encompasses quite a few techniques – weaving, quilting, tufting, and embroidery. The common factor is that the work is white on white.
Many of the pieces have been recently conserved by Margaret Ordonez, who taught conservation for many years at the University of Rhode Island. She has retired, and is back in her native Tennessee where she has set up her own textile conservation service. Margaret presented her work at the Costume Society Symposium, giving us a good look at the work involved in conserving the pieces.
The building housing the Kentucky Museum was built in the 1940s, and this room was once an old-school type display area with shelves to hold artifacts. Some time ago it was renovated to make a gallery specifically for the display of textiles. Today it has areas that are enclosed in glass, slanted boards to more safely exhibit textiles, and raised platforms. I especially loved that many of the quilts and coverlets on display were shown as they were meant to be seen, dressing beds.
To visitors passing through an exhibition like this one, it must seem that people of the past sure did take great care of their stuff. What's not seen are the many hours of cleaning and stabilization it takes in order to be able to display a two hundred year old textile. Part of this exhibition actually addressed the process of conservation, and there were several unconserved bed coverings on display.
This embroidered counterpane was made by Sallie Darrough and is in the collection of the Kentucky Historical Society. As you can see, it had not been cleaned. This is closer to the condition textiles of this age are most likely to be found.
So how does one clean a fragile old textile? Because these are cotton and cotton/linen blends, wet cleaning is appropriate. That does not mean Margaret threw them into the washing machine. Conservators use large tables with an edge (like a very shallow tub) for wet cleaning. The textile is spread out on the table and water and cleaning agents are introduced. This is a job for a chemist, as it's important to use things that will not do any further damage.
Not every conserved textile ends up looking brand new. Stains can be stubborn, and lightening and neutralizing it is sometimes the best that can be done. There are also rips and holes to deal with. Often the best solution is to back the textile with a similar fabric and use stitches to stabilize the rip.
This is a closeup of a whole cloth quilt made circa 1805 by Rebecca Smith Washington. She used a technique that mimicked British woven quilts. This quilt looks to be made of cotton, but Margaret's microscopic analysis shows this to be a cotton/linen blend.
Some of the bed coverings were simply one layer of fabric that were embroidered.
Others were tufted, similar to the 20th century colonial revival bedspreads made in north Georgia.
This coverlet is woven, and it's the only piece in the exhibition known to have been made by enslaved workers. According to family history, this was woven by enslaved workers for the wedding of Mary Strange in 1823.
It was fun to see a few items of white clothing in the display cases. According to the family story, these linen trousers were worn by Abraham Miller in 1800 for his wedding.
Often, artifacts are donated to museums along with long-told family stories. This early 19th century Empire style dress was said to have been worn by Catharine Whitesides on her wedding day. But Margaret was not born until 1824, and by the time she married the dress would have been twenty-five or so years out of fashion. Perhaps it was worn by her mother.
Filed under Museums, Textiles
Tagged as kentucky, whitework
Carrie Taylor, Bowling Green Modiste
Besides presenting my own paper at the Southeastern Region Costume Society of America Symposium, I learned a lot from the other presenters and from the museum exhibitions at the Kentucky Museum where the symposium was held. Much of the content of the first day of the symposium was centered around some artifacts in the museum's collection – clothing made by the dressmaking business of Mrs. A.H. (Carrie) Taylor. Located in Bowling Green, Kentucky, Mrs. Taylor's was THE fashionable dressmaking establishment in town. In fact, it had clients from not only southwestern Kentucky, but also around the country.
So much of fashion history has been written through the famous designers. If you think of nineteenth century design, Monsieur Worth of Paris comes to mind. But by the 1870s when Carrie opened her business, fashion was still more of a local thing, with the town's dressmakers reigning supreme. Not that Paris wasn't important, it was. But fashion magazines and sewing patterns made it possible for women around the country to feel fashionable. This was especially true in a place like Bowling Green where the favored dressmaker, Mrs. Taylor, traveled yearly to Paris and to New York to see the latest styles and to purchase the latest fabrics and trims.
Carrie Burnam was born in Bowling Green in 1855. She attended the local college, and in 1878 after graduation opened a dressmaking business in her parent's home. Even after she married and had children, the now Mrs. Taylor continued to work, expanding her business along with husband Aaron, to where at its height, they employed 300 women workers. Mrs. Taylor directed the business, advising her clients on the styles, colors, and trims for their new dresses. Trousseaux were a specialty.
The Kentucky Museum holds several Carrie Taylor garments. Interest in her work dates back to at least 1980 when Western Kentucky University professor Sallye Clark wrote and published a study of Mrs. Taylor in Dress, the journal of the Costume Society of America. Several years ago I heard an updated report on Mrs. Taylor written by WKU professor Carrie Cox at a Charlotte, NC symposium. Dr. Cox's interest led to the Taylor garments in the Kentucky Museum being conserved with the end result being the current exhibition of the Taylor clothing.
What made the experience so great was that not only did Dr. Cox talk about the importance of Mrs. Taylor's work, we also heard from the conservator, Colleen Callahan, who did a presentation on the work she performed in order to stabilize the garments and to make them safe for display. She had photos of the before, during, and after of the conservation process. And the icing on the cake was that Ms. Callahan was available in the exhibition, pointing out the conservation. It was an enlightening experience to see a gown go from shredded silk to display on a dressform.
This lovely silk gown was in sad condition. The bodice was very shattered, with the sleeves being thoroughly tattered. Colleen removed the off-white insets and replaced them with matching silk. Here was where having an extensive stash of old fabrics came in handy. The patterned silk was also splitting so conservation netting was used to encase the fabric, preventing any further fabric loss. The dress had been made with large facings so some of the fabric from them was used to fill in larger spaces that were missing fabric.
The skirt was in better condition, but there are a few spaces where action had to be taken. What is really amazing is that unless one knew where to look, the conservation would have totally escaped notice.
This stunning blue silk dress looks pristine at first look, but Colleen worked hours to stabilize the fabric, to rework the caps of the sleeves, and to replace shattered places with matching fabric. Fortunately, when the dress was donated to the museum it came with a length of the original fabric.
Look carefully to see the conservation net. The sequined trim was probably bought already made, and was simply applied to the dress.
Best sleeves ever.
Glass cases can be annoying to people like me who want to take good photos to share, but having these encased meant that the visitors could see the dresses from every angle, and could get close up without risking touching the fragile textiles.
Not all the clothing in the exhibition required extensive conservation. These two evening coats are in fairly good condition with just some treated holes on the white, and some adjustments made for a missing lining on the orange.
The white coat was worn by and donated to the museum by Nelle Travelstead. Nelle attended nearby Potter College and when it came time to plan her trousseau for her 1906 wedding, of course she turned to Mrs. Taylor.
There were other garments on display, including two bodices, a 1910s dress, and some undergarments. All were finely made. The Kentucky Museum is always looking for Carrie Taylor garments and paper items from the business. The label reads "Mrs. A.H. Taylor, Bowling Green Kentucky."
In 1905 the Taylor company published a short-lived magazine. There were only two issues published before bank problems formed them out of the magazine business. As part of the exhibition, a facsimile of the Spring 1905 issue was available to visitors to look through.
The exhibition was greatly enhanced through the careful telling of Carrie Taylor's story. Many photos and quotes from Carrie and those who worked for her really brought her to life. And for those visitors not familiar with the styles of over a hundred years ago, there were explanations of what women wore in Carrie's day. My thanks to the Kentucky Museum for hosting us, and congratulations on a beautiful exhibition!
Filed under Designers, Museums
Tagged as Carrie Taylor, fashion history, kentucky, Mrs AH Taylor


text:
In the long tradition of **"Hello world!"** examples, this tutorial creates an experiment that outputs the phrase "Hello world!" to the browser. Though useless as an actual experiment, the process is helpful for learning the basics of using the jsPsych library.

## Choose your own (setup) adventure

With the release of version 7.0 of jsPsych there are now three different ways that you can add jsPsych to your project. Which approach you choose will depend on what your goals are.

- [**I want the simplest possible setup**](#option-1-using-cdn-hosted-scripts). This approach involves using scripts that are hosted on a CDN. You do not need to download or install anything to start using jsPsych. The limitation is that you cannot customize the library. For most experiments, this approach will be sufficient.

- [**I want to be able to do some customization, but have a simple setup.**](#option-2-download-and-host-jspsych). This approach involves downloading a bundle of scripts that make up jsPsych. _If you used jsPsych prior to version 7.0, this will feel like the most familiar approach_. Having your own copy of the scripts means that you can make modifications to the library such as tweaking plugin behavior.

- [**I want to use modern JavaScript tooling, like `npm` and `import` statements.**](#option-3-using-npm) You can install jsPsych, plugins for jsPsych, and extensions for jsPsych from npm. This approach allows you to integrate jsPsych into your favorite JavaScript frameworks and get the benefits of TypeScript, bundlers, and more.

## Option 1: Using CDN-hosted scripts

### Step 1: Create an HTML file

!!! tip
    To edit jsPsych code you'll need a programming-friendly text editor. A great free option is [Visual Studio Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) (Windows, OSX, Linux).

Create a new file called `experiment.html`.

There's some basic code that (nearly) all HTML documents have in common. Here's a typical bare-bones HTML document.

```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
  </head>
  <body></body>
</html>
```

Add the above code to the `experiment.html` file and save it. If you open the file in a web browser, you should see a blank page and the title of the page will be 'My experiment'.

### Step 2: Load the jsPsych library

To use jsPsych, add a `<script>` tag to load the library. We'll load the library from a [CDN](https://www.jsdelivr.com/), which means that the library is hosted on another server and can be loaded without having your own copy.

```html hl_lines="5"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/dist/index.browser.min.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body></body>
</html>
```

Note that the URL for the jsPsych library includes the version number, which ensures that the behavior of your experiment won't change with any future updates to jsPsych.

You may also want to import the jsPsych stylesheet, which applies a basic set of visual styles to the experiment. This requires adding a `<link>` tag to the `<head>` section of the document.

```html hl_lines="6"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/dist/index.browser.min.js"></script>
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/css/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
</html>
```

### Step 3: Create a script element and initialize jsPsych

To add JavaScript code directly to the webpage we need to add a set of `<script>` tags after the `<body>` tags.

```html hl_lines="9 10"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/dist/index.browser.min.js"></script>
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/css/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
  <script>
  </script>
</html>
```

To initialize jsPsych we use the `initJsPsych()` function and assign the output to a new variable.

```html hl_lines="10"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/dist/index.browser.min.js"></script>
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/css/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
  <script>
    const jsPsych = initJsPsych();
  </script>
</html>
```

### Step 4: Use a plugin to print a message

For this demo we want to show some text on the screen. This is exactly what the [jspsych-html-keyboard-response plugin](../plugins/jspsych-html-keyboard-response.md) is designed to do. To use the plugin, we need to load it with a `<script>` tag.

```html hl_lines="6"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/dist/index.browser.min.js"></script>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@jspsych/plugin-html-keyboard-response@1.0/dist/index.browser.min.js"></script>
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/css/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
  <script>
    const jspsych = initJsPsych();
  </script>
</html>
```

Once the plugin is loaded we can create a trial using the plugin. To declare a trial that uses the `html-keyboard-response` plugin, we create an object with the property `type` equal to `htmlKeyboardResponse`. We can specify the other parameters of the plugin in the same object. Here we use the `stimulus` parameter to include a message. You can see the full set of parameters for each plugin on its [documentation page](/plugins/jspsych-html-keyboard-response).

```html hl_lines="13 14 15 16"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/dist/index.browser.min.js"></script>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@jspsych/plugin-html-keyboard-response@1.0/dist/index.browser.min.js"></script>
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/css/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
  <script>
    const jsPsych = initJsPsych();

    const hello_trial = {
      type: htmlKeyboardResponse,
      stimulus: 'Hello world!'
    }
  </script>
</html>
```

### Step 5: Run the experiment

Now that we have the trial defined we need to tell jsPsych to run an experiment consisting of this trial. This requires using the `jsPsych.run` function and passing in a [timeline](/overview/timeline). For a simple experiment like this one, the timeline is just an array containing the list of trials to run.

```html hl_lines="18"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/dist/index.browser.min.js"></script>
    <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/@jspsych/plugin-html-keyboard-response@1.0/dist/index.browser.min.js"></script>
    <link href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/jspsych@7.0/css/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
  <script>
    const jsPsych = initJsPsych();

    const hello_trial = {
      type: htmlKeyboardResponse,
      stimulus: 'Hello world!'
    }

    jsPsych.run([hello_trial]);
  </script>
</html>
```

Once you've saved the file, open it in a browser. You should see "Hello world!" printed on the screen, and if you press a key on the keyboard, the text should disappear (ending the trial).

## Option 2: Download and host jsPsych

### Step 1: Download jsPsych

Start by downloading the latest release of jsPsych. The most recent version can always be found at the top of the [GitHub releases page](https://github.com/jspsych/jsPsych/releases).

### Step 2: Create a folder to store your experiment files

Create a folder on your computer to put the experiment files in. We'll call this "MyExperiment" for the tutorial. Add a subfolder called `jspsych`. Once you've created the folder, open the downloaded archive from step 1 and copy the contents of the `dist` folder into the `jspsych` folder. It should look like this:

```
📂 MyExperiment
--  📂 jspsych
----  📄 jspsych.js
----  📄 plugin-animation.js
----  📄 plugin-audio-keyboard-response.js
----  ...
```

### Step 3: Create an HTML file

!!! tip
    To edit jsPsych code you'll need a programming-friendly text editor. A great free option is [Visual Studio Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) (Windows, OSX, Linux).

Create a new file called `experiment.html` in the `MyExperiment` folder. The directory structure should look like this:

```
📂 MyExperiment
--  📄 experiment.html
--  📂 jspsych
```

There's some basic code that (nearly) all HTML documents have in common. Here's a typical bare-bones HTML document.

```html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
  </head>
  <body></body>
</html>
```

Add the above code to the `experiment.html` file and save it. If you open the file in a web browser, you should see a blank page and the title of the page will be 'My experiment'.

### Step 4: Load the jsPsych library

To use jsPsych, add a `<script>` tag to load the library. Set the `src` attribute to the path to the `jspsych.js` file.

```html hl_lines="5"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="jspsych/jspsych.js"></script>
  </head>
  <body></body>
</html>
```

You may also want to import the jsPsych stylesheet, which applies a basic set of visual styles to the experiment. This requires adding a `<link>` tag to the `<head>` section of the document.

```html hl_lines="6"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="jspsych/jspsych.js"></script>
    <link href="jspsych/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
</html>
```

### Step 5: Create a script element and initialize jsPsych

To add JavaScript code directly to the webpage we need to add a set of `<script>` tags after the `<body>` tags.

```html hl_lines="9 10"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="jspsych/jspsych.js"></script>
    <link href="jspsych/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
  <script>
  </script>
</html>
```

To initialize jsPsych we use the `initJsPsych()` function and assign the output to a new variable.

```html hl_lines="10"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="jspsych/jspsych.js"></script>
    <link href="jspsych/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
  <script>
    const jsPsych = initJsPsych();
  </script>
</html>
```

### Step 6: Use a plugin to print a message

For this demo we want to show some text on the screen. This is exactly what the [jspsych-html-keyboard-response plugin](../plugins/jspsych-html-keyboard-response.md) is designed to do. To use the plugin, we need to load it with a `<script>` tag.

```html hl_lines="6"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="jspsych/jspsych.js"></script>
    <script src="jspsych/plugin-html-keyboard-response.js"></script>
    <link href="jspsych/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
  <script>
    const jspsych = initJsPsych();
  </script>
</html>
```

Once the plugin is loaded we can create a trial using the plugin. To declare a trial that uses the `html-keyboard-response` plugin, we create an object with the property `type` equal to `htmlKeyboardResponse`. We can specify the other parameters of the plugin in the same object. Here we use the `stimulus` parameter to include a message. You can see the full set of parameters for each plugin on its [documentation page](/plugins/jspsych-html-keyboard-response).

```html hl_lines="13 14 15 16"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="jspsych/jspsych.js"></script>
    <script src="jspsych/plugin-html-keyboard-response.js"></script>
    <link href="jspsych/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
  <script>
    const jsPsych = initJsPsych();

    const hello_trial = {
      type: htmlKeyboardResponse,
      stimulus: 'Hello world!'
    }
  </script>
</html>
```

### Step 7: Run the experiment

Now that we have the trial defined we need to tell jsPsych to run an experiment consisting of this trial. This requires using the `jsPsych.run` function and passing in a [timeline](/overview/timeline). For a simple experiment like this one, the timeline is just an array containing the list of trials to run.

```html hl_lines="18"
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
  <head>
    <title>My experiment</title>
    <script src="jspsych/jspsych.js"></script>
    <script src="jspsych/plugin-html-keyboard-response.js"></script>
    <link href="jspsych/jspsych.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
  </head>
  <body></body>
  <script>
    const jsPsych = initJsPsych();

    const hello_trial = {
      type: htmlKeyboardResponse,
      stimulus: 'Hello world!'
    }

    jsPsych.run([hello_trial]);
  </script>
</html>
```

Once you've saved the file, open it in a browser. You should see "Hello world!" printed on the screen, and if you press a key on the keyboard, the text should disappear (ending the trial).

## Option 3: Using npm

If you are electing to use `npm` to install jsPsych we will assume that you already are familiar with Node.js and generally know what you are doing with web development.

### Step 1: Install jspsych

Run `npm install jspsych`.

This installs the core jsPsych package. Plugins and extensions are installed separately.

### Step 2: Import the JsPsych class and create a new instance

We create a new instance of `JsPsych`. The instance can be configured via [a variety of options](/reference/jspsych.md#initjspsych), passed as an object to the constructor.

```js
import {JsPsych} from 'jspsych';

const jsPsych = new JsPsych();
```

### Step 3: stylesheet??

### Step 4: Install and import a plugin

Install the `html-keyboard-response` plugin with:

`npm install @jspsych/plugin-html-keyboard-response`

Then import the `htmlKeyboardResponse` class.

```js
import {JsPsych} from 'jspsych';
import {htmlKeyboardResponse} from '@jspsych/plugin-html-keyboard-response';

const jsPsych = new JsPsych();
```

### Step 5: Create a trial

Once the plugin is imported we can create a trial using the plugin. To declare a trial that uses the `html-keyboard-response` plugin, we create an object with the property `type` equal to `htmlKeyboardResponse`. We can specify the other parameters of the plugin in the same object. Here we use the `stimulus` parameter to include a message. You can see the full set of parameters for each plugin on its [documentation page](/plugins/jspsych-html-keyboard-response).

```js
import {JsPsych} from 'jspsych';
import {htmlKeyboardResponse} from '@jspsych/plugin-html-keyboard-response';

const jsPsych = new JsPsych();

const trial = {
  type: htmlKeyboardResponse,
  stimulus: 'Hello world!'
}
```

### Step 6: Run

Now that we have the trial defined we need to tell jsPsych to run an experiment consisting of this trial. This requires using the `jsPsych.run` function and passing in a [timeline](/overview/timeline). For a simple experiment like this one, the timeline is just an array containing the list of trials to run.

```js
import {JsPsych} from 'jspsych';
import {htmlKeyboardResponse} from '@jspsych/plugin-html-keyboard-response';

const jsPsych = new JsPsych();

const trial = {
  type: htmlKeyboardResponse,
  stimulus: 'Hello world!'
}

jsPsych.run([trial]);
```

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


As the name implies this is a range of bearings specially designed for disc harrow applications in agricultural farm machinery where a robust assembly is necessary to cope with the arduouse conditions. Triple seals are fitted because of the dirty and wet conditions usually encountered. Available with spherical or parallel outside diameter outer rings and round or square bored inner rings.
Self-lube cast iron round flange cartridge bearings units and cast iron pillow block units.


text:
var Obliterator = require('../iterator.js');

var SIZE = 500000000;

var i = 0;

var iterator = {
  next: function() {
    if (i >= SIZE)
      return {done: true};

    return {done: false, value: i++};
  }
};

var j = 0;
var payload = {done: false, value: null};

var unsafeIterator = {
  next() {
    if (j >= SIZE) {
      payload.done = true;
      payload.value = null;
    }

    payload.value = j++;

    return payload;
  }
};

var k = 0;

var obliterator = new Obliterator(function() {
  if (k >= SIZE)
    return {done: true};

  return {done: false, value: k++};
});

function* generator() {
  var l = 0;

  while (l < SIZE)
    yield l++;
}

var s, o, t;

console.time('Iterator');
while ((s = iterator.next(), !s.done))
  o = s.value;
console.timeEnd('Iterator');

console.time('Unsafe Iterator');
while ((s = unsafeIterator.next(), !s.done))
  o = s.value;
console.timeEnd('Unsafe Iterator');

console.time('Obliterator');
while ((s = obliterator.next(), !s.done))
  o = s.value;
console.timeEnd('Obliterator');

console.time('Generator');
var g = generator();
while ((s = g.next(), !s.done))
  o = s.value;
console.timeEnd('Generator');

console.time('Generator for...of');
var g = generator();
for (t of g)
  o = t;
console.timeEnd('Generator for...of');


text:
No excuse for Bangladesh pink-ball woes, says coach
Fans use the light on their mobile phones on the first day of India's second and final test against Bangladesh at Eden Gardens in Kolkata, India, on November 22, 2019. (Reuters)
Reuters, Kolkata, India Friday, 22 November 2019
Bangladesh coach Russell Domingo said a practice game with the pink ball would have been ideal but offered no excuses for his team's batting capitulation on the opening day of their first day-night test against India on Friday.
The touring side were shot out for 106 inside 31 overs with only three batsmen managing double-digit scores and they needed two concussion substitutes after Liton Das and Nayeem Hasan were struck on the helmet.
Domingo defended his team's decision to bat first against India's formidable pace attack led superbly by Ishant Sharma who claimed 5-22.
"We requested (a practice match) but in the current schedule, time was too tight," Domingo told reporters.
"It was the same for both sides. We had four days of practise, but a warm-up game would have helped, to give the guys a bit more time with the pink ball. But this is no excuse."
The South African was frank in his admission that his team would need to do a lot of catching up if they were to match Virat Kohli's India, the top-ranked test side.
"I wouldn't say we were underprepared for the pink ball. India had similar time to train," Domingo said.
"There's a big difference between the two sides, regardless of six or seven days of preparation for the pink ball. We are a long way behind in tests.
"Virat Kohli has 26 test hundreds while our whole team has 16 or 17. "It was not a 30-over all out wicket. There's no doubt that we didn't bat well enough."
Nearly 60,000 fans packed into Eden Gardens to watch India's first day-night test which has created quite a buzz in the eastern Indian city.
Operating with the heavily-lacquered ball, India did a good job to bowl out Bangladesh inside three hours before finishing day one on 174-3.
Ishant said the Indian quicks briefly struggled to hit the right length.
"The pink ball was very different to the red ball," said the lanky right-armer.
"When we started bowling at normal lengths, the ball was not swinging that much. We then figured out the length," Ishant added.
"We talked about it among ourselves, the three fast bowlers, and started hitting the right lengths after that."
Last Update: Friday, 22 November 2019 KSA 20:19 - GMT 17:19
RUSSELL DOMINGO
Kolkata tickled pink as India embrace day-night test
India maybe the last major test playing nation to embrace pink-ball cricket but they have left no stone unturned in ...
Sharma blitzes 85 as India levels T20 series vs Bangladesh
Rohit Sharma smacked 85 runs off 43 balls as India beat Bangladesh by eight wickets in the second T20 on Thursday and ...
Mushfiqur fifty helps Bangladesh end India T20 jinx
Bangladesh ended their 20-overs jinx against India after Mushfiqur Rahim's unbeaten half-century helped secure ...
India win Asia Cup for seventh time beating Bangladesh in thrilling final
India made heavy weather of a modest target before prevailing in a nerve-shredding final against Bangladesh by three ...


Attended online training on Google Cloud program with Sathya Technologies in January this year. The program was good and the trainer had good real-time experience with sound domain knowledge. Though the technology was new the trainer was able to share good real time knowledge of the topic. Liked the training very much. Thank you Sathya Technologies.


Everything is  really systematic in this hostel. This hostel is as good as a star hotel. We feel safe here with the security system. Its really comfortable here. There are pretty good facilities which we will not find in any other hostel. And we are not stressed with too many restrictions like other hostels. Its nice here.
Our Mission is to provide a clean, comfortable & affordable accommodation with superior customer service. Our commitment is to create an enjoyable, sociable & engaging environment for our Inmates.
Our Vision is to become the No.1 hostel service provider in Chennai in the next 2 years by way of opening up new branches and at the same time with our Mission always in the forefront. Our competitive accommodation costs and best standards in customer service will set the benchmark for the Hostel Service segment in Chennai.


10 LISTS How I Met Your MotherLists about the sitcom about Ted Mosby, architect, and his pals Barney, Marshall, Lily, and Robin, as they lived, laughed, and loved in New York City, which aired on CBS from 2005 to 2014. It was—wait for it—legendary.
This the ultimate list of the hottest girls Ted Mosby from How I Met Your Mother dated or hooked up with, and ultimately failed with. As the main character of the long running CBS comedy, Mosby is in the midst of telling his children the long version of how he and their mother met. While doing so, he goes through his previous exploits and talks about the women who has dated in the past. The list of women he's dated is pretty impressive, bordering Jerry Seinfeld as the television character who has dated the most attractive women in a sitcom.
Some of the biggest names and brightest stars have served as Ted's girlfriend on the show. Ladies like Katy Perry, Katie Holmes, Rachel Bilson and Mandy Moore all dated Ted at one point or another. As a graduate of Wesleyan University and an architect, Ted attracts some of the hottest women in the How I Met Your Mother universe. The common link between the women Ted has dated is their degree of attractiveness. Granted, this is is a television show and a character should be hot, that doesn't take away from what Ted Mosby has accomplished during How I Met Your Mother's long run.
As the ultimate list of the hottest girls Ted Mosby has dated, it's up to you vote and rank the women in order of sexiness. If someone isn't included, feel free to add her to the list. These are the best pics of the hottest How I Met Your Mother girls.
Who is your favorite hot How I Met Your Mother Girl that Ted Dates?


text:
'DWTS': Hannah Brown, Kel Mitchell, Lauren Alaina and Ally Brooke Tease How They Plan to Win (Exclusive)
By Desiree Murphy 9:44 PM PST, November 24, 2019
The competition is heating up on Dancing With the Stars!
Although everyone still in the running has a fair shot at victory, only one celebrity and their pro partner will be crowned mirrorball champions during the season 28 finale on Monday. ET was with the finalists for camera blocking on Sunday, where they teased what fans can expect from their final performances, along with how they're feeling just hours ahead of showtime and their strategies for winning the coveted trophy.
Hannah Brown and Alan Bersten are beyond excited, they shared, but also admitted that everything feels kind of "bittersweet" right now.
"I think at this point we just have to enjoy it," Hannah told ET's Lauren Zima. "My body hurts everywhere, so bad. His body hurts really bad, like, we're tired. But it's gonna be sad when this is it. So, we gotta bring the best!"
"There were moments where I was like, 'I don't know if I'm going to make it here,' but I did, and I know that I've put in all the work, and really I've progressed a lot too," she continued. "That's been really cool, to look back at where I started to where I am now."
Of making it to the finals, Alan (who has yet to win a mirrorball on the regular version of DWTS) said he "still can't believe it."
"I wake up, I'm like, 'Oh my God, all the hard work has paid off,'" he exclaimed. "You never know what to expect with the fans voting, you never know what happens, but Bachelor Nation has been amazing. We've got some new fans that are supporting us, and it's the most incredible feeling to be here."
Alan Bersten
During Monday's finale, each dance duo will be performing a Freestyle round, which will be their last chance to impress judges Len Goodman, Carrie Ann Inaba and Bruno Tonioli before the results.
"I'm really happy with the dances we have this week. I feel like they showcase Hannah in the best way, and she really rises to the occasion," Alan teased. "Hannah has a really very intricate and fun routine for the freestyle. It's empowering, girl power and it's super strong. It's the Hannah Beast, but in an evolved way."
"Yeah, I feel like it's all that I've learned and kind of gained from the experiences that I've been through -- to, like, own the woman that I am, and to really be confident in that. And I think that's what this dance displays," added Hannah. "This experience has really tested my confidence and helped it in a lot of ways, but also put it to the test."
Alan said that although he feels like like any of the remaining dance duos "deserve" to win, he believes that Hannah "really put in that work."
"It would be the most incredible feeling [to win], I can't even picture what it is," he gushes. "Like, I can't even imagine what it's going to feel like if we are lucky enough to win."
Hannah agreed, telling ET, "I just want to hold the thing in the air and people have me up in the air."
"I feel like it would be such a full circle thing if I could have my happy ending here, with a trophy in my hand and celebrating together," the former Bachelorette star raved. "Wouldn't that be so awesome?"
Awesome indeed, and a feeling Lauren Alaina and Gleb Savchenko shared similar sentiments about while manifesting a win for #TeamTonkyHonk.
"Alan won Juniors, OK? He won Juniors so he can chill for a second," Gleb joked, of Alan helping Sky Brown and JT Church take home the mirrorball in the all-kids spin-off series last October. "I've never won before, but I have a perfect partner. We've come so far. I'm so proud of Lauren, and I want to thank her for such hard work. She's done such an amazing job... something that not a lot of people can do."
"She came in here with no dance experience, put her hard work in, killed it and now we're in the finale!" he added. "Thank you, Lauren Alaina."
ABC/Eric McCandless
For their Freestyle, Lauren and Gleb will be dancing to Luke Bryan's "Country Girl (Shake It for Me)," which the country star couldn't be happier about.
"I feel great! I feel really excited," she shared. "I was nervous. I didn't know what we would do with the Freestyle, but it is literally the perfect dance for me. I'm like line dancing? Sure! Let's do it. Bring it."
"The dance is really, really good and showcases me perfectly," she continued. "Regardless of what happens, we're gonna have fun doing it and hopefully connect with a bunch of people. And I get to sing!"
Lauren is hoping she'll also get some extra support and love from Luke again. "He tweeted [to vote] for me on all his socials last week, so I have a feeling he'll do it again," she said. "Especially with his song. He's my buddy!"
As for Kel Mitchell and Witney Carson, their strategy is all about focus. Kel is confident in having Wit as his partner, seeing as she's the only female pro left standing. Plus, she already has a mirrorball in her posession, from when she won season 19 with Alfonso Ribeiro!
"We talked about this. I actually had a dream about [winning]," Kel shared. "Yeah, I saw WItney screaming with the mirrorball and I'm just like, 'OK, so that's the plan, lets get it.' I definitely had some visions. It was awesome."
"I think they're all pretty competitive, those guys really wanna win," Witney added, of Gleb, Alan and Sasha Farber. "I know that they're pulling out all the stops, so I'm definitely not gonna sit back and relax. I'm definitely gonna bring it too."
And Witney teased that she's feeling "pretty good" about #TeamDanceWitKel's Freestyle.
"Our freestyle is just really fun. Lots of people, lots of energy, it's something you guys have probably never seen before on this show," she shared. "Kel's bringing it!"
"Fast feet, I'll say that," her partner added. "A lot of energy, and I'm bringing a little bit of Chicago to the ballroom floor."
Regardless of whether Kel takes home the trophy, he said that doing DWTS was a life-changing experience he'll never forget.
"It's definitely changed me. It's given me a lot of confidence in doing something different that was very uncomfortable," he confessed. "Like, I've never done ballroom before, so to even see myself dancing afterwards when I watch the videos, it's like, 'Wow, I really did that.' It's really cool."
Last but certainly not least, Ally Brooke and Sasha Farber (who received two perfect scores during the semifinals) said that they are ready to go out with a bang with their Freestyle!
"Man, I just feel so incredible. And I'm beyond excited," Ally teased. "We want this to feel like a party where everybody's invited, and we're out there, like, baring it all, our souls, and having the time of our lives. Paying tribute to this amazing show, our amazing journey. And we're out there just literally celebrating every single second. And having a blast!"
"I've never won," added Sasha, "but I feel like I've already won with this one, because she's incredible. I've said before, it's weird we have never had an argument. We have never, for like 13 weeks. We're always on the same page, same dreams, same road and on the same drive, so it's been incredible."
"Even after we did our first run through of our Freestyle on stage, the energy from everyone, like, everything just feels right to us," he continued. "I feel like obviously, yes, it is about winning the mirrorball and this is like a huge dream, coming from Russia to Australia to America, to be on this show, like, I could never even dream of [that]. Now that I'm here with this one, though, personally I feel like I've already won. But it would mean everything, like everything if we could do it. And she deserves it!"
Tune into Entertainment Tonight on Monday for more (check your local listings here), ahead of the Dancing With the Stars finale airing at 8 p.m. ET/PT on ABC.
'Dancing With the Stars:' Alan Bersten Explains Why Hannah Brown Deserves the Mirrorball Trophy (Exclusive)
Kenan Thompson Predicts Kel Mitchell and Witney Carson Will Win 'Dancing With the Stars' (Exclusive)
Emma Slater Opens Up About James Van Der Beek's Heartbreaking 'Dancing With the Stars' Elimination (Exclusive)
'DWTS': Carrie Ann Inaba Reveals She 'Went Home and Vomited' After James Van Der Beek Elimination
'Dancing With the Stars': Meet the Cast of Season 28!
Witney Carson
Lauren Alaina
Gleb Savchenko
Sasha Farber


text:
require "minitest/autorun"
require "minitest/pride"
require "minitest/spec"
require "mocha"
require "tempfile"


The Cougars prepare for a rising California defense when they host the Bears in Pullman on Saturday.
The Washington State Cougars have stunned the country, to say the least, with their successful run through the 2018 season.
The team that was picked to finish fifth in the Pac-12 rose up to the top of the standings and broke into the Associated Press' Top 10 following their 41-38 win over Stanford last week. Now the Cougs (7-1) prepare for another team that has been consistently dismissed by the Pac-12, until recently.
Next on WSU's docket is the California Golden Bears, who dropped their first three conference games this season. But in the last two weeks, the Bears -- especially their defense -- have managed to get noticed by the Pac-12.
Cal's defense bailed out the Bears over and over again in their 12-10 upset win over then-No. 15 Washington last week, which included scoring an interception touchdown in the second quarter that put the Bears on top for good.
The win was especially shocking for the Huskies because Washington was favored by 12 points heading into last week's contest. The victory bumped California's record to 5-3 and knocked Washington out of the AP Top 25 Poll.
Cal's defense has not been consistent throughout the entire 2018 season, but as of the last two weeks, the Bears have found a rhythm in their defense that has caused some trouble in the Pac-12. The Bears limited Oregon State and the Huskies to a combined 17 points and allowed a combined 483 total yards on offense.
The Bears' defense currently ranks 17th in the nation in yards allowed per game (312). After their performance against Washington, they jumped to eighth in the country in passing yards allowed per game (165.5).
That being said, Cal has yet to face the Cougs' Air Raid offense this season with Gardner Minshew II leading the pack.
Minshew's name finally entered the Heisman Trophy conversation following his comeback performance against Stanford on Oct. 27. The QB currently leads the NCAA with 3,183 yards in 2018. He also leads the nation in passing yards per game, with 397.9 yards across eight games.
The entire WSU offense will be enough to put a kink in Cal's defense. The Cougs are averaging almost 41 points this season, which ranks 12th among NCAA teams. The Air Raid leads the NCAA in passing offense with a staggering 405.6 yards per game and as of Tuesday, the Cougs are second in the nation in fourth-down conversions with a 84.2 percent success rate.
WSU hosts the Bears at Martin Stadium on Saturday at 7:45 p.m.
Redshirt freshman Chase Garbers and redshirt sophomore Brandon McIlwain have shared the role at quarterback in the 2018 season. Both have struggled to put up reasonable numbers and relied on their defense to pull them up.
Garbers has averaged 147 yards in six games played this season and has passed four interceptions. McIlwain has averaged just 89 yards and has seven interceptions, all in Pac-12 play.
At the end of October, the Bears are averaging less than 25 points in eight games, even with their season high 49 points against the Beavers on Oct. 20.
Cal's victory over Washington last week was the team's first win over a ranked team since 2017 when the Bears stunned the then-No. 8 WSU 37-3.
In that game, it was the Bears' defense that once again shut down then-QB Luke Falk and the entire WSU offense. Cal held the Cougs to just one field goal in the second quarter under the guidance of first-year head coach Justin Wilcox.
Falk tossed five interceptions after throwing just two interceptions in roughly 260 passes. The Bears forced the Cougs' offense to seven total turnovers that night and sacked Falk nine times.
It was Cal's first time beating a Top-10 team in 14 years.


It seems that Hollywood has two or three big budget musical adaptations in them a year these days. Into the Woods is the third such film in 2014, and a far superior effort to Clint Eastwood's Jersey Boys (which I saw but couldn't be bothered to review – what does that tell you?) and by all accounts (I haven't seen it) the remake of Annie.
It should be noted that Into the Woods should be looked at with an understanding of what musical films are today. To compare a film like Into the Woods to, say, West Side Story (1961) is unfair and not very helpful. It doesn't quite reach the heights of 2002's Chicago but it's certainly up there with 2007's Sweeney Todd in the top percentile of recent musical films.
Into the Woods is certainly faithful to its source material, and the performances are quite effective. Meryl Streep got another Oscar nod for her role as the witch. Emily Blunt, James Corden and Anna Kendrick are compelling as the co-leads. Finally, Chris Pine does his best J. Peterman impression as Prince Charming.
Into the Woods is a fun movie if you like musicals, especially Stephen Sondheim's. What I suppose I'm struggling with is what this adaptation adds to the stage production. The production design is conservative enough that it could be easily matched by a modern, Broadway revival. Then again, this isn't necessarily a knock on the film itself, depending on your perspective.
Even if it doesn't seem to have much purpose beyond what a stage production would provide, Into the Woods is the equal to modern theatrical production without the modern theatrical prices. The fact that it doesn't add to or comment on its source material is quite irrelevant to enjoying this version of the story if you liked the stage production.
You might like Into the Woods if: You love Sondheim and haven't been to a revival showing in quite some time.
You might not like Into the Woods if: You prefer that your Hollywood musical adaptation add to or comment on their source material.
On Christmas Day this year I went to see Les Miserables. Knowing full well that it's one of those films that it's futile to write a review for, all I could really say was that I enjoyed it and everyone who enjoyed the stage show seems to have enjoyed it as well. What interests me more than the film itself is the fact that every once in a while there is a big "event" musical coming out of Hollywood (Sweeney Todd (2007), Chicago (2002), Evita (1996) come to mind), but little else as to serious film productions of popular musicals. While this may seem like the normal state of affairs, for most of the history of film, at least since the late 1920's, musicals have made up a large proportion of the most popular Hollywood productions.
Take the 1960's for an example. Four of the ten movies that won best picture in the 1960's were musicals. While these are not the most important movies released from that period, they remain some of the most popular. If you look at the list of highest grossing films between 1927 and 1970, musicals make up a large percentage.
The question becomes – so what happened?
It is a well known historical fact that a large number of talented performers from Broadway started moving out west to California after the first major "talkie" success, 1927's "The Jazz Singer." Hollywood saw an opportunity in showcasing the best talents of the stage on the screen. While people could listen to these performers on the radio, or if they were fortunate enough on Gramophones, they could not see them perform on a regular basis unless the show happened to come to town or they were to take a trip to New York. Likewise, many musicals, such as "White Christmas" (1954) were developed solely for the screen (although that particular film has been turned into a successful musical).
Starting in the 1960's, the influence of several important film "realism" movements started to impact Hollywood. At the same time, Broadway was declining as the generator of popular music in the United States. It is not a coincidence that the last Broadway style film musical to earn the most money for a year was 1965's "The Sound of Music," and that show-tunes started disappearing from the top of the music charts during the same period.
I would posit that if the story of popular entertainment in the first half of the twentieth century was the story of the integration of song and film the story since the 1960's has been the decoupling of popular music from most other forms of entertainment. While a popular song may appear on a film's soundtrack or in a popular television show, the songs are no longer integrated into the plots of these other artforms.
This has a lot to do with the way we consume music, which may be the most widely available form of art in the world. We no longer expect music to be necessarily associated with anything other than the music itself. Likewise, we expect a certain level of realism in our films (with some notable exceptions of course, especially comedies), and musicals are the antethesis of realism. This concept has even crept into the medium of animation, where popular movies from Pixar and Dreamworks are no longer musicals like Disney animation films were well into the late 1990's. While musicals still obviously maintain an important place in our popular culture, their form is no longer preferred as we now like our music to be able to stand on its own and our movies to have a certain level of believability that musicals by their very nature cannot provide.


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The 10 Least Tax-Friendly States for Middle-Class Families
Failing to consider state and local taxes before moving your family to another state could cost you thousands of dollars each year.
by: Rocky Mengle, David Muhlbaum
It's bad enough when Uncle Sam hits you with a big tax bill. But you really go through the roof when your state, county, or city follows that up by taking another huge chunk of your hard-earned cash. That's why people who are contemplating a move from one state to another need to do their homework before hiring a moving company. If you can help it, you don't want to end up in a state with higher taxes than the one you're in right now.
Moving from a low-tax state to a high-tax state can literally cost you thousands of dollars each year. If you want to prevent this, you need to know which states to avoid. And we can help with that.
To build our State-by-State Guide to Taxes on Middle-Class Families, Kiplinger editors estimated the overall income, sales, and property tax burden in each state for a hypothetical married couple with two children, combined wages of $77,000, $3,000 of other income, and a $300,000 home. That also allowed us to create the following list of the 10 least tax-friendly states for middle-class families (the least-friendly state is listed last). If you and your family are thinking of relocating to another state, make sure you check out the list first. It might make you think twice before packing your bags.
The 10 Most Tax-Friendly States for Middle-Class Families
See the final slide for a complete description of our ranking methodology and sources of information.
State Income Tax Range: 4.25% (flat rate)
Average Combined State and Local Sales Tax Rate: 6%
Median Property Tax Rate: $1,448 per $100,000 of assessed home value
Good news first: sales taxes are below average in the Great Lakes State. There's a 6% state tax on purchases in Michigan, which is right around the mid-point as far as state-level sales tax rates go. But local governments don't add any additional tax on sales in the state. So, shoppers in Michigan can feel pretty good about the overall state and local sales tax burden on them.
But things go downhill from there. The 4.25% flat rate is higher than what you'll find on middle-class families in most other states. Plus, cities can levy additional local income taxes. As a result, Michigan's income tax bill for our hypothetical family is above the national average. Not by much, but the extra tax burden is enough to nudge the state in the wrong direction.
And there's more bad news when we look at property taxes in Michigan. For a home worth $300,000, the estimated annual property tax in Michigan is $4,344. That property tax amount is well over the national average and pushes Michigan onto this list of the least tax-friendly states for middle-class families.
State-by-State Guide to Taxes on Middle-Class Families
For more information on these and other Michigan state taxes, see the Michigan State Tax Guide for Middle-Class Families.
State Income Tax Range: 2.46% (on taxable income up to $3,290 for single filers; up to $6,570 for joint filers) to 6.84% (on taxable income over $31,750 for single filers; over $63,500 for joint filers)
Average Combined State and Local Sales Tax Rate: 6.93%
While the cost of housing is comparatively low in the Cornhusker State, the average property tax rate in the state is quite high. For a $300,000 home, the state-wide average tax in Nebraska comes to $4,842 per year. That's the ninth-highest property tax amount in our U.S. rankings, and it's the primary reason why Nebraska is on the least tax-friendly list.
Sales taxes in Nebraska are middle-of-the-road. There's a 5.5% state tax, and localities can add as much as 2.5%. That works out to an average combined state and local rate of 6.93%, according to the Tax Foundation.
Finally, on the bright side, income taxes are below average in Nebraska for our hypothetical middle-class family. However, they're not low enough to balance out the state's high property taxes.
10 States With the Highest Sales Taxes
For more information on these and other Nebraska state taxes, see the Nebraska State Tax Guide for Middle-Class Families.
8. Maryland
State Income Tax Range: 2% (on taxable income up to $1,000) to 5.75% (on taxable income over $250,000 for single filers; over $300,000 for joint filers)
Middle-class families in the Old Line State get killed when it comes to state and local income taxes. (Baltimore City and every county in Maryland imposes a local income tax.) For our hypothetical family, Maryland's income tax bill is the second-highest is the country.
The news is better when it comes to property taxes. If our made-up family moved into a $300,000 home in Maryland, they'd pay an estimated $3,171 in tax each year if the state's median property tax rate were applied. That property tax amount is right around the national average that we're seeing in our survey.
The Maryland tax system is actually quite friendly to shoppers, though. Like Michigan, there's a 6% state sales tax, but that's it – there are no additional local sales taxes to pay. That means the overall state and local sales tax burden on Marylanders is below average.
5 States With No State Sales Tax
For more information on these and other Maryland state taxes, see the Maryland State Tax Guide for Middle-Class Families.
7. Kansas
State Income Tax Range: 3.1% (on taxable income from $2,501 to $15,000 for single filers; from $5,001 to $30,000 for joint filers) to 5.7% (on taxable income over $30,000 for single filers; over $60,000 for joint filers).
Most people don't think of the farm belt as a high-tax area, but here's another state from that region on our least tax-friendly list (Nebraska was the first). With Kansas, its sales tax is the main culprit behind its poor (from a taxpayer standpoint) showing. According to the Tax Foundation, the combined average state and local sales tax rate is 8.68% (the state rate is 6.5%). That's the ninth-highest combined sales tax rate in the country.
The news gets a little better when it comes to other taxes in the Sunflower State. For instance, income taxes are only slightly above average for middle-class families. However, hundreds of local governments in Kansas also impose a tax on interest, dividends, and other earnings from intangible property. The local rates range from 0.125% to 2.25%. Even though the local taxes aren't on all income, they certainly push up the overall tax burden for many families in the state.
Property taxes in Kansas are above average, too. If our hypothetical family moved to Kansas and bought a $300,000 home in the state, they would pay about $4,107 in property taxes each year based on the state's median tax rate. That's the 15th-highest amount in the country for a home at that value.
10 States With the Highest Beer Taxes
For more information on these and other Kansas state taxes, see the Kansas State Tax Guide for Middle-Class Families.
State Income Tax Range: 3.54% (on taxable income up to $11,450 for single filers; up to $15,960 for joint filers) to 7.65% (on taxable income over $263,480 for singles; over $351,310 for joint filers)
The Badger State owes its spot on our list of the least tax-friendly states for middle-class families to high property taxes. And we estimate that property taxes for a $300,000 home in Wisconsin would run about $5,052 per year. That's the eighth-highest property tax amount in our nation-wide rankings.
Income taxes are above average for middle-class families in Wisconsin, too. The state did reduce the 2020 income tax rates for people with lower incomes. However, the rate cut didn't help our imaginary middle-class family, because their income put them in a higher Wisconsin tax bracket that wasn't adjusted.
The good news is that sales taxes are actually low in Wisconsin. There's a 5% state sales tax, but local governments can add their own tax to it. But, overall, Wisconsin has the ninth-lowest combined average state and local tax rate in the nation, says the Tax Foundation.
10 States With the Lowest Beer Taxes
For more information on these and other Wisconsin state taxes, see the Wisconsin State Tax Guide for Middle-Class Families.
5. New York
State Income Tax Range: 4% (on taxable income up to $8,500 for single filers; up to $17,150 for joint filers) to 8.82% (on taxable income over $1,070,550 for single filers; over $2,155,350 for joint filers)
For our hypothetical middle-class family, New York's income tax bill is only in the "average" range when compared to the taxes imposed by other states. However, New York City and Yonkers tack on their own income taxes, and there's a commuter tax for people working in and around New York City. So, the overall state and local income tax bill is higher for people living in those parts of the state.
While income taxes in the Empire State aren't too high for middle-class families, things start to get bad when you look at sales taxes. The state sales tax rate is only 4%. But local taxes can add as much as 4.875% more. At 8.52%, New York's average combined state and local sales tax rate is the 10th-highest in the country, according to the Tax Foundation.
And then things go from bad to worse when property taxes are added to the mix. The average property tax on a $300,000 home in New York is about $5,076, which is tied for the seventh-highest property tax amount in the country for a home worth that much. But in some high-cost parts of the state, such as Westchester County, homeowners pay more than twice that amount, which means they're pinched even more by the $10,000 cap on the federal deduction for state and local taxes.
How Snowbirds Can Be Taxed as a Florida Resident
For more information on these and other New York state taxes, see the New York State Tax Guide for Middle-Class Families.
4. New Jersey
State Income Tax Range: 1.4% (on taxable income up to $20,000) to 10.75% (on taxable income over $1 million)
Average Combined State and Local Sales Tax Rate: 6.6%
For middle-class families in the Garden State, income taxes are relatively low when compared with other states. New Jersey checked with the fourth-lowest income tax total out of all the states with a broad-based income tax when we calculated income tax bills for our hypothetical family. (There's also a payroll tax in Newark.)
Sales taxes are below average in New Jersey, too. The state sales tax rate is 6.625%. But because some areas charge only half the state rate on certain sales, the Tax Foundation says that New Jersey's average state and local combined sales tax rate is only 6.6%.
But while New Jersey gives residents a break on income and sales taxes, it brings the hammer down when they buy a home. New Jersey's property taxes are the highest in the U.S. The state-wide average property tax on a $300,000 home in New Jersey comes to a whopping $7,251.
8 Steps to Appeal Your Property Tax Bill
For more information on these and other New Jersey state taxes, see the New Jersey State Tax Guide for Middle-Class Families.
State Income Tax Range: 0.33% (on taxable income up to $1,666) to 8.53% (on taxable income over $74,970)
Which do you think is higher in Iowa: the corn or taxes? It might be taxes, thanks to staggering income and property taxes in the state. Iowa's income tax on our hypothetical middle-class family is the third-highest in the country. One reason why income taxes are on the high end in the state is because over 200 school districts and Appanoose County add their own income taxes on top of the state-level tax.
Our survey also shows that the average property tax rate in the Hawkeye State is the 11th-highest in the nation. If our hypothetical family bought a $300,000 home in the state, they can expect to pay about $4,587 per year in property taxes. That certainly doesn't help middle-class families in Iowa.
While sales taxes in Iowa aren't low, at least they're not as high as the state's income and property taxes. The state sales tax rate is 6%, and localities can add as much as 1%. That puts Iowa's combined average state and local sales tax rate (6.82%, according to the Tax Foundation) in the middle-of-the-pack when compared to the rates in other states.
10 States With the Lowest Gas Taxes
For more information on these and other Iowa state taxes, see the Iowa State Tax Guide for Middle-Class Families.
State Income Tax Range: 3% (on taxable income up to $10,000 for single filers; up to $20,000 for joint filers) to 6.99% (on taxable income over $500,000 for single filers; over $1 million for joint filers)
The Constitution State is an expensive place to live. Connecticut's property taxes are the third-highest in the U.S., so the $10,000 cap on the federal tax deduction for state and local taxes stings a bit more here. The state-wide average property tax for a $300,000 home is $6,417 per year. However, residents in high-income areas such as Fairfield County typically pay more than $10,000 in property taxes each year, so their federal tax deductions for state and local taxes have been curtailed.
State income taxes on are the high end, too. Connecticut income taxes for our make-believe middle-class are above average, but not sky high.
Sales taxes are also reasonable in Connecticut. There are no local sales taxes in Connecticut, so you'll pay only the statewide rate of 6.35% (slightly below average) on most of your purchases. But luxury items, such as cars valued at $50,000 or more or jewelry worth more than $5,000, are taxed at 7.75%.
10 States with the Highest Gas Taxes
For more information on these and other Connecticut state taxes, see the Connecticut State Tax Guide for Middle-Class Families.
1. Illinois
Sorry, Illinois, but you're the least tax-friendly state in the country for middle-class families. For all three taxes we're tracking – income, sales, and property taxes – you tax middle-income residents at an above average rate (at least). And for one of those taxes, the rates are extremely high. That's enough to put the Land of Lincoln in the most undesirable spot on our list.
At first blush, the state's 4.95% flat income tax rate doesn't seem that steep when compared to other states' top tax rates. And that's true if you're talking about wealthy residents. But for middle-class taxpayers, the income tax rate is one the high end. Also note that Illinois voters rejected a proposal on the November 2020 ballot that would have dumped the flat tax in favor of a graduated income tax. If it had passed, the marginal tax rate for most middle-income residents would have dropped slightly to 4.9%.
Sales taxes in Illinois are high, too. There's a 6.25% state tax on purchases in Illinois (1% on groceries and prescription drugs). Plus, up to 4.75% in local taxes are tacked on in certain places within the state. All told, the average combined state and local sales tax in Illinois is 8.8%, which is the seventh-highest combined sales tax rate in the U.S.
The tax situation really goes downhill fast for Illinois residents when you look at the property taxes they have to pay. Property taxes in Illinois are the second-highest in the nation. If our hypothetical family purchased a $300,000 home in the state, their average annual property tax bill would be an eye-popping $6,495.
9 States with No Income Tax
For more information on these and other Illinois state taxes, see the Illinois State Tax Guide for Middle-Class Families.
About Our Methodology
Our tax maps and related tax content include data from a wide range of sources. To generate our rankings, we created a metric to compare the tax burden in all 50 states and the District of Columbia.
Income tax – Our income tax information comes from each state's tax agency. Income tax forms and instructions were also used. See more about how we calculated the income tax for our hypothetical family below under "Ranking method."
Property tax – The median property tax rate is based on the median property taxes paid and the median home value in each state for 2019 (the most recent year available). The data comes from the U.S. Census Bureau.
15 States That Don't Tax Unemployment Benefits
Sales tax – State sales tax rates are from each state's tax agency. We also cite the Tax Foundation's figure for average combined sales tax, which is a population-weighted average of state and local sales taxes. In states that let local governments add sales taxes, this gives an estimate of what most people in a given state actually pay, as those rates can vary widely.
Ranking method
The "tax-friendliness" of a state depends on the sum of income, sales and property tax paid by our hypothetical family.
To determine income tax, we prepared returns for a married couple with two dependent children, an earned income of $77,000, long-term capital gains of $1,500, qualified dividends of $1,000, and taxable interest of $500. They had $4,500 in state income taxes withheld from their wages. They also paid $3,000 in real estate taxes, paid $2,800 in mortgage interest, and donated $2,300 (cash and property) to charity. Since some states have local income taxes, we domiciled our filers in each state's capital, from Juneau to Cheyenne. We calculated these 2019 returns using software from Credit Karma.
How much they paid in sales taxes was calculated using the IRS' Sales Tax Calculator, which is localized to zip code. To determine those, we used Zillow to determine zip codes with housing inventory close to our sample assessed value.
13 States That Tax Social Security Benefits
How much the hypothetical family paid (and deducted on their income tax return) in property taxes was calculated by assuming a residence with $300,000 assessed value and then applying each state's median property tax rate to that amount.
How to Handle an IRS Audit of Your Tax Return
Don't panic! Keys to success include being well prepared, establishing credibility right from the start, and keeping your wits about you.
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Seniors Beware: Your actions can increase the chances of the IRS giving your tax return a closer look.
22 IRS Audit Red Flags
There's no sure way to avoid an IRS audit of your tax return, but these red flags could increase your chances of drawing unwanted attention from the I…


text:
 This templates creates a complete [sentry](https://github.com/getsentry/sentry) setup including postgres and redis servers.

 Images are the offical images from:
 * Postgres: [https://hub.docker.com/_/postgres/](https://hub.docker.com/_/postgres/)
 * Redis: [https://hub.docker.com/_/redis/](https://hub.docker.com/_/redis/)

Sentry Image is modified to add severals plugins :
 * Sentry: [https://hub.docker.com/r/goomeo/sentry/](https://hub.docker.com/r/goomeo/sentry/)

### Usage:

 * Select Sentry from catalog.

 * Required: Create two volumes named "sentry-postgres" & "sentry-redis"

 * Required: Enter a sentry secret

 * Optional: Email configuration & Gitlab SSO configuration

 * Click deploy.


text:
Q: Does anyone know if ExcelPackage is still in development? I was looking for something to read excel in and I found this excel package  I am wondering if it is still under development as I don't see it support excel 2010.
Thanks

A: Try EPPlus, it's regularly updated

This project started with the source from ExcelPackage

Take a look also at this Stackoverflow question for more suggestions


text:
The rise of apocalyptic novels
In Offill's Weather, a sublime blend of hilarity, warmth and existential despair that's far more entertaining than it has any right to be, given its subject matter, protagonist Lizzie is buckling as she tries to fulfil the roles of both Chris and Emma, prepper and pragmatist. It's what Offill describes as a "pre-apocalyptic" novel. "I wanted to write about how disorienting it is to live now when you are thinking about buying tin foil one minute and about flooded cities the next," she explains. She more than succeeds and yet there's a sustaining thread of optimism. As she puts it, "By the end of the novel Lizzie is starting to understand that she should not live alone in her silo of dread. The movement from individual action to collective is an important one, I think." It also leaves the reader feeling less lonely by the end.
There is a necessary limit to the succour that cli-fi can offer. While it shows us that even in the midst of a global pandemic, things could always be much worse, the problem is that our being distracted from it hasn't made looming environmental collapse go away. For Rankin-Gee, there's a worry that a genre that eyes humanity's extinction risks "normalising" climate breakdown, painting pictures so bleak that we're left with an unintended – and wholly false – sense of reassurance. "Then I remember the climate deniers, and the fact that a basic normalisation is still a crucial part of confronting the problem," she says.
Optimism is a different matter. As Alam insists, "I have to find optimism, you've no choice but to go on." He finds it in the next generation, in the ability of children to see with clarity rather than turning away, to act decisively rather than pretend that buying the recycled coffee filters will have an impact. That same belief in the future is embedded in his novel, a book that – like so many other excellent examples of not only this genre, but of literature in general – reminds us of something else, just as vital to survival: there is always a place for art, no matter how grave the crisis.
Love books? Join BBC Culture Book Club on Facebook, a community for literature fanatics all over the world.
If you would like to comment on this story or anything else you have seen on BBC Culture, head over to our Facebook page or message us on Twitter.
And if you liked this story, sign up for the weekly bbc.com features newsletter, called The Essential List. A handpicked selection of stories from BBC Future, Culture, Worklife and Travel, delivered to your inbox every Friday.
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The Lancet editor: UK 'steadfastly refused to follow the science' | Coronavirus pandemic News


Linux is a Unix-like and POSIX-compliant computer operating system assembled under the model of free and open source software development and distribution. The main form of distribution are Linux distributions. The defining component of Linux is the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on 5 October 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Because it considers Linux to be a variant of the GNU operating system, initiated in 1983 by Richard Stallman, the Free Software Foundation prefers the name GNU/Linux when referring to the operating system as a whole (see GNU/Linux naming controversy).
Linux was originally developed as a free operating system for Intel x86-based personal computers. It has since been ported to more computer hardware platforms than any other operating system. It is a leading operating system on servers and other big iron systems such as mainframe computers and supercomputers: as of June 2013, more than 95% of the world's 500 fastest supercomputers run some variant of Linux, including all the 44 fastest. Linux also runs on embedded systems (devices where the operating system is typically built into the firmware and highly tailored to the system) such as mobile phones, tablet computers, network routers, building automation controls, televisions and video game consoles; the Android system in wide use on mobile devices is built on the Linux kernel.
The development of Linux is one of the most prominent examples of free and open source software collaboration: the underlying source code may be used, modified, and distributed—commercially or non-commercially—by anyone under licenses such as the GNU General Public License. Typically Linux is packaged in a format known as a Linux distribution for desktop and server use. Some popular mainstream Linux distributions include Debian (and its derivatives such as Ubuntu and Linux Mint), Fedora (and its derivatives such as the commercial Red Hat Enterprise Linux and its open equivalent CentOS), Mandriva/Mageia, openSUSE (and its commercial derivative SUSE Linux Enterprise Server), and Arch Linux. Linux distributions include the Linux kernel, supporting utilities and libraries and usually a large amount of application software to fulfill the distribution's intended use.
Linux is an operating system that evolved from a kernel created by Linus Torvalds when he was a student at the University of Helsinki. Generally, it is obvious to most people what Linux is. However, both for political and practical reasons, it needs to be explained further. To say that Linux is an operating system means that it's meant to be used as an alternative to other operating systems, Windows, Mac OS, MS-DOS, Solaris and others. Linux is not a program like a word processor and is not a set of programs like an office suite. Linux is an interface between computer/server hardware, and the programs which run on it.
When Linus Torvalds was studying at the University of Helsinki, he was using a version of the UNIX operating system called 'Minix'. Linus and other users sent requests for modifications and improvements to Minix's creator, Andrew Tanenbaum, but he felt that they weren't necessary. That's when Linus decided to create his own operating system that would take into account users' comments and suggestions for improvements.
This philosophy of asking for users' comments and suggestions and using them to improve computer programs was not new. Richard Stallman, who worked at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, had been advocating just such an approach to computer programming and use since the early 1970's. He was a pioneer in the concept of 'free software', always pointing out that 'free' means 'freedom', not zero cost. Finding it difficult to continue working under conditions that he felt went against his concept of 'free software' he left MIT in 1984 and founded GNU. The goal of GNU was to produce software that was free to use, distribute and modify. Linus Torvalds' goal 6 years later was basically the same: to produce an operating system that took into account user feedback.
We should point out here that the focal point of any operating system is its 'kernel'. Without going into great detail, the kernel is what tells the big chip that controls your computer to do what you want the program that you're using to do. To use a metaphor, if you go to your favorite Italian restaurant and order 'Spaghetti alla Bolognese', this dish is like your operating system. There are a lot of things that go into making that dish like pasta, tomato sauce, meatballs and cheese. Well, the kernel is like the pasta. Without pasta, that dish doesn't exist. You might as well find some bread and make a sandwich. A plate of just pasta is fairly unappetizing.
Without a kernel, an operating system doesn't exist. Without programs, a kernel is useless.
In 1991, ideal conditions existed that would create Linux. In essence, Linus Torvalds had a kernel but no programs of his own, Richard Stallman and GNU had programs but no working kernel.
Late in 1991, Linus Torvalds had his kernel and a few GNU programs wrapped around it so it would work well enough to show other people what he had done. And that's what he did. The first people to see Linux knew that Linus was on to something. At this point, though, he needed more people to help him. Here's what Linus had to say back in 1991.