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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry
10.4236/ajac.2014.510073
Cations and Anions in Sewage Sludge from Gaza Waste Water Treatment Plant
Ibrahim Y. El-Nahhal1, Husam Al-Najar1, Yasser El-Nahhal2
1Faculty of Civil Engineering, The Islamic University Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
2Faculty of Science, The Islamic University Gaza, Gaza, Palestine
Email: y_el_nahhal@hotmail.com
Received 7 May 2014; revised 22 June 2014; accepted 6 July 2014
This paper determined cations and anions concentrations, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), and heavy metals content in sewage sludge collected from the drying beds of wastewater treatment plant in Gaza. The aim was to test the possibility of using this sewage sludge as an alternative source of mineral fertilizers. Many instruments were used in this work: flame photometry (K, Na),
EDTA titration (Ca, Mg), the turbidity method , spectrophotometer (turbidity), ascorbic
acid method (orthophosphate), titrimetric method (Cl−), inductive coupled plasma analyzer (ICP, heavy metals). All the processes of experiments and analyses were described clearly for reference. Results showed that concentrations of Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were 28.93, 2.53, 271 and 177 mg/kg
respectively whereas , , , and Cl− were 0.434, 18.59, 0.87 and 0.026 g/kg respec-
tively. The concentrations of Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn and Mn were 125.12, 172.56, 76.88, 218.73 and 157.56 mg/kg respectively. These results indicate that sewage sludge from Gaza contained high fractions of most plant nutrients accordingly, and it may be advantageous to use the sludge as a natural source of plant fertilizers.
Sludge, Cations, Anions, TKN, Heavy Metals
Gaza Strip (GS) has a coastline of 40 km at the eastern extreme of the Mediterranean and on the edge of the Sinai Desert. GS has a total area of 365 square kilometers and the population is estimated to be around 1,701,437 people [1] .
Sludge (biosolids) may be defined either the matter which refers to the residual, semi-solid material left from industrial wastewater, sewage treatment plants or settled suspension obtained from conventional drinking water treatment and numerous other industrial processes [2] . Sludge may be dried and incorporated with some carbonaceous materials to produce a suitable composted material for the use in the agriculture to increase the production and improve the soil properties. Chemical and biological compositions of sewage sludge depend on the wastewater composition [3] . Usually, it is rich in Organic Mater (OM) and plant nutrients such as Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Calcium (Ca) [4] and can improve soil physical, chemical and biological properties, such as porosity, aggregate stability, bulk density, soil fertility, water movement and retention [5] . There are four wastewater disposal and treatment facilities in Gaza Strip, Beit Lahia, Gaza City, Khan Younis, and Rafah waste-wa- ter treatment plants. These stations are not sophisticated treatment technology; they consist of anaerobic lagoons, aerated lagoons and maturation ponds. It is expected that large amounts of sludge are being produced from Gaza Strip wastewater treatment plants.
Furthermore, Casado-Vela et al. [6] monitored the effect of the application of three increasing amounts of composted sewage sludge (3, 6 and 9 kg・compost・m−2) on the physicochemical properties of a horticultural calcareous soil where two types of plants were grown under two exploitation regimes (one in a greenhouse and the other in open-air). They found out that the 9 kg・compost・m−2 application promoted the appearance of deleterious effects on the properties of soil, such as salt accumulation, a significant increase in the electrical conductivity and an input of heavy metals (Pb > Cr > Cd). The 6 kg・compost・m−2 application provided a supply of nutrients necessary to grow peppers plants under both exploitation regimes.
In a recent study, Roig et al. [7] analyzed the systematic and periodical use, for 16 years, of anaerobically digested sewage sludge as an agricultural fertilizer by assessing the effects on some soil physical-chemical, functional, and ecotoxicological properties. They found that the input of sludge enhances soil properties proportionally to the application doses and/or frequency. In addition, the effects of organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and toxic elements in sewage sludge applied to agricultural land were reviewed by [8] and they found that the organic matter may improve the structure and water-holding capacity of poor soils and the nitrogen and phosphorus in sludge have fertiliser value, and the crops can accumulate toxic elements from sludge-amended soils.
In addition, Egiarte et al. [9] examined effect of repeated application of sewage sludge of short-term groundwater contamination and reported that a repeated application of sludge at 60 Mg∙ha−1 resulted in significantly higher concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cr and Ni in the leachates than with other treatments (other loading rates). Moreover, Wong et al. [10] investigated the effects of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM) from anaerobically digested dewatered sludge on Cd and Zn sorption by three different soil types and found that the addition of DOM significantly reduced the Cd and Zn sorption capacity for tested soils, suggesting that DOM had a stronger inhibitory effect on Zn sorption than that of Cd. They also found that the reduction in metal sorption caused by DOM was very apparent in the pH range of 5 to 8, with a maximum inhibition on metal sorption occurring at pH 7 - 7.5 especially for Zn but the effect was minimal at lower pH.
Khan and Scullion [11] measured the effects of varying sludge metal (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) contents on respiration, biomass C and N, and N mineralization in a series of laboratory incubations of soil-sludge mixes. They found that Cd (up to 70 mg∙kg−1 in soil) did not affect any microbial index. Higher concentrations of the other metals generally caused a decrease in biomass C and N, the reduction for C often being proportionally less than that for N and in most cases, higher metal concentrations increased respiration rates and microbial metabolic quotient. In addition to that soil mineral N was increased by higher inputs of all metals and the use of sludges with higher metal concentrations may lead to short-term changes in soil microbial communities and their activities, with increased loss of C to the atmosphere and N availability.
Serna and Pomares [12] determined the N-mineralization rate of 12 sewage sludges in a given soil during a 16-week aerobic incubation by analysis of inorganic N produced by a nonleached procedure. They found that the aerobically treated sewage sludges gave higher mineralization rates than the anaerobically treated wastes and values of potentially mineralizable N (No) varied from 71 to 394 mg・N∙kg−1 soil, and mineralization rate constant (k) ranged from 0.089 to 0.883 week−1. In a different study, López-Valdez et al. [13] investigated how emissions of CO2, N2O and N2, and dynamics of mineral N were affected when different types of N fertilizer, i.e. , , or unsterilized or sterilized wastewater sludge, were added to the Texcoco soil. It was found that microorganisms added with the sludge accelerated organic material decomposition, increased immobilization, and induced immobilization of (in Texcoco soil). They suggested that wastewater sludge improves soil fertility at Otumba (an agricultural soil) and would favour the vegetation of the Texcoco soil (alkaline saline).
Fytianos and Charantoni [14] investigated the leaching of heavy metals from municipal sewage sludge. They found that for most values of liquid solid ratio (L/S), the percentage of leached amounts for the examined metals followed the order Cd > Zn > Pb> Fe > Mn. As pH decreased, metal concentrations measured in the leachate increased. And in general, EDTA showed the greatest mobilization ability, followed by NaOH, acid solutions (HCl, H3PO4), and water.
Moreno et al. [15] investigated the effect of sewage sludge amendment of a semiarid soil, previously polluted with Cd, on the toxic effect of this heavy metal on soil microbial biomass and its activity. They found out that in general, higher ED (Ecological Dose) values were calculated for the sewage sludge amended soil than for unamended soil and thus the Cd toxicity to microbial activity of the sewage sludge amended soil can be considered lower than that of the unamended soil. As obvious, very limited data on quantities of sludge are available however, no chemical analysis was done to determine concentrations of cations anions and heavy metal of sewage sludge from Gaza Strip. Accordingly, this study was designed to determine the cations, anions and heavy metals of sewage sludge from Gaza Strip and to test the possibility of using it as an alternative source of mineral fertilizers.
2.1. Sludge Sampling
A representative sludge samples with a volume of 20 L each were collected from different locations from the drying beds in the Sheikh Ejleen Waste Water Treatment Plant.
The samples were air-dried in the month of June 2013 using solar radiation, crushed and mixed together to insure homogeneity of the sludge. The dried sludge samples were sieved through 2 mm sieve and mixed again and kept in plastic bags for further experimental work.
2.2. Determination of Cations
Ten g of sludge samples were suspended in 25 ml distilled water form a ratio of 1:2.5 w/w and shaken over night, the pH and EC and TDS were measured to each sample. Then additional 25 ml water were added to form a ratio 1:5 w/w. Nutrient content (K, Ca, Mg, and Na, expressed as g∙kg−1 dry weight basis) were determined by EDTA titration (Ca, Mg), flame photometry (K, Na) [16] .
2.3. Determination of Anions
The sulfate (SO4) was determined using the turbidity method and in this procedure sulfate ion is converted to a barium sulfate suspension under controlled conditions. The resulting turbidity is determined by spectrophotometer at 420 nm and compared with a curve prepared from standard sulfate solution. While the orthophosphate was determined using ascorbic acid method. The chloride was determined using the titrimetric method by titrating it with silver nitrate (AgNO3) in the presence of potassium chromate as indicator
2.4. Determination of Heavy Metals
Following the procedure described by [17] , the heavy metal concentration in sludge samples will be described. In this procedure, 0.5 - 2 g air dried sludge were digested in 10 ml of nitric acid 78% and kept under heating with flux at 65˚C for 24 h. Then the system was heated up to 120˚C for another 24 h. After complete digestion (nearly clear solution appeared). The system was left for cooling at the room temperature. The digested sludge was filtered through Whattman scale 43, filter paper ashless. The collected filtrate was completed to the mark of volumetric flask capacity 25 ml with the same acid solution. Then the heavy metals were analyzed using Inductive Coupled Plasma analyzer (ICP).
2.5. Determination of Nitrogen Fractions
2.5.1. Nitrate Fraction
Nitrate level in the sludge was determined according to the salicylic acid method [18] which converts the nitrate concentration under acidic media to the corresponding nitrosalicylic acid with yellow color according to the chemical reactions shown in Figure 1(a).
The intensity of the yellow color represents the nitrate concentration and it was determined using a spectrophotometer. After making a standard curve of nitrosalicylic acid, the same procedure was done to the filtrate from 10 g of sludge in 50 ml of water. Results were expressed in g∙kg−1 dry weight basis.
2.5.2. Ammonium Fraction
Ammonium was determined using Kjeldahl method without the digestion step. Ten ml of the filtrate of 10 g of sludge in 50 ml of water after shaking overnight were taken to the distillation step of Kjeldahl and then to the back titration step to determine the ammonium fraction using hydrochloric acid. Results were expressed in g/kg dry weight basis.
2.5.3. Determination of Total Organic Nitrogen Fraction
Organic nitrogen (org-N) was determined using Kjeldahl digestion according to the following procedure below: 0.5 g of sludge samples were digested with sulfuric acid for 4 hours with 72% H2SO4 followed by a second boiling hydrolysis under reflux for 5 hours in H2SO4 (0.7 N) until clear solutions were obtained. Then the samples were transferred to the distillation unit at Kjeldahl apparatus to catch the produced ammonium in Boric acid. The ammonium borate was then titrated by HCl 0.1 N to calculate the N content in sludge samples. The reaction procedures are shown below. Details of chemical reactions are shown in Figure 1(b).
The statistical analysis of data was performed with ANOVA test using Excel program. The samples were in three replicates; mean and standard deviation were calculated. Analysis of variance among treatments was performed using t-test, p-values below 0.05 indicate significant differences.
3.1. Determination of Sodium, Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium
Determination of Na and K were done using Flame photometer. The relationship between flame-photometer readings of Na+ and K+ concentrations are shown in Figure 2.
It is obvious that at low concentrations of Na or K ions, nearly linear relationship between the flame photometer read and the concentrations. However, fitting the data to a linear regression line showed bad fit (R2 = 0.55). Accordingly, converting the data in Figure 2 to a log scale provides good fit. The regression information is shown in Table 1. Where Y and X represent the log scales of flame photometer reading and concentrations respectively. Accordingly, the equations in Table 1 were used to determine the sodium and/or potassium concentrations in sludge samples. The measured concentrations are shown in Table 2.
Figure 1. Conversion of nitrate to nitro-salcylic acid (a); Digestion of organic nitrogen containing compound (b).
Figure 2. Standard curve of (Na/K) determination in sludge sample.
Table 1. Regression equations for sodium and potassium.
Table 2. Sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium concentrations in sludge samples.
Calcium and magnesium concentrations in the sludge samples were determined using EDTA titration method using plank and sample readings. The results are shown in Table 2.
It can be seen that Sodium and potassium concentrations are 28.93 ± 6.85, 2.53 ± 0.43 mg/kg, respectively. The high concentration of sodium or potassium ion in sludge samples may be attributed to the fact that a lot of surfactants, cosmetics, and soups are containing sodium or potassium in their chemical structure. Moreover, calcium and magnesium concentrations are 271 ± 38.74 and 177 ± 67 mg/kg, respectively. Furthermore, Fe concentration is 125.12 ± 13.65 mg/kg.
As obvious, K is the lowest concentration among all of the cations and Ca is the highest concentration among all cases.
The explanation of these results is that surfactants, soups, and cosmetics may be degraded during sludge formation resulting in transferring sodium or potassium into inorganic form (e.g. NaCl). Our explanation is supported by the results of [19] who found that surfactant, cosmetic product formulations, contributes significantly to the pollution profile of sewage and wastewater with various compounds including cations. Further supports to our results come from [20] who reported high concentration of cations in treated sewage water and from the results of [21] who correlated the high concentrations of cations in aerobic granular sludge with the low concentration of Cu++ in sludge.
3.2. Concentrations of Anions
Chloride concentration in sludge samples was determined according to the titration method using AgNO3 and NaCl as standard materials. The relationship between Cl concentrations and AgNO3 concentrations is shown in Figure 3. It can be seen that a linear regression equation provide the best fit (R2 = 0.9803). The high value of R2 suggests the best fit, accordingly the regression equation was used to determine the concentration of Cl− ions in the unknown samples. The determined Cl− concentrations in the unknown samples are shown in Table 3.
It is obvious that a linear relationship is shown in concentration at AgNO3 below 4 mg/l with an equation of Y = 0.2996X − 0.0106 with a value of R2 = 0.9803 indicating a strong positive association between the Cl (ml) and Na concentration mg/l. Accordingly, in the range of 0 - 4 mg/l, concentration of Cl may be determined. However, concentration above this range may need several dilutions. Nevertheless, within the range, a strong positive association was observed R2 = 0.9803. This relationship provides good fits that allow determination of Cl concentration in the sludge sample. However, the determined Cl concentration is 25.84 ± 4.26 mg/kg (Table 3) which is in the acceptable levels of Cl standards [22] .
3.2.1. Sulfate Concentration
The relationship between the optical density and sulfate concentration are linear below 60 mg/l as shown in Figure 4.
It can be seen that the relationship is expressed as a linear regression with equation Y = 0.035X + 0.066 and R2 value equals to 0.9971. This indicates a strong positive association and enabled accurate determination of sulfate concentration in the sludge samples. According, the determined sulfate concentration in sludge equals to
Figure 3. Relationship of standard solutions of Cl concentration and required amount of AgNO3.
Figure 4. Standard curve of sulfate concentration.
Table 3. Chloride, sulfate and phosphate concentrations. Values represent average and standard deviation.
18.59 ± 2.44 g/kg. This value looks nearly high but in fact sulfur containing protein is a high fraction in nature. However, the nearly high sulfate level is due to the high solubility in water which is not pH-dependent. Similar results were recently obtained by [23] .
3.2.2. Phosphate Concentration
The relationship between gradient concentrations of phosphates and corresponding optical densities are shown in Figure 5.
It can be seen that a linear relation is observed at concentrations below 10 ppm and the relationship is expressed by the equation Y = 0.3157X + 0.2313 with an R2 value equals to 0.9719. This indicates a strong positive association which enabled determination of phosphate concentrations in the sludge samples. The data are shown in Table 3.
A comparison among anions concentrations is shown in Table 3, it can be seen that Cl− has the lowest concentrations among all whereas is the highest among all.
The explanation of these results is that these values represent the soluble fraction of Cl−, , and in sludge samples. The low value of phosphate concentrations in sludge samples is due to the fact that, phosphate solubility is pH-dependent. Accordingly, at low pH value high phosphate levels may be found in sludge. However, the current pH value of sludge equals to 6.78 ± 0.02 [24] accordingly, low fraction of phosphate was found. Another support to our argument comes from the fact that phosphoric acid is a weak acid and has 3 dissociation constants. This indicates that phosphate solubility is pH-dependent. It is obvious that the phosphate level is 0.434 ± 0.023 g/kg in the sludge. As obvious, nearly low values of are available in sludge samples. This value represent only the soluble fraction of phosphate not all phosphate. Under pH value 6.78, phosphate ion tends to precipitate from the solution. Similar observations were given recently by [25] .
3.2.3. Nitrate, Ammonium and TKN Concentrations
The importance of nitrate levels in sludge samples emerged from the fact that sludge can be used as an alternative source of nitrate instead of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application in agriculture.
According to the methods described above, we generated a standard nitrate curve by converting the nitrate into the corresponding nitro-salicylic acid that has yellow color at alkali media and measured the optical density at 410 nm. Accordingly, the optical density of nitro-salicylic acid and its gradient concentrations are shown in Figure 6.
It is obvious that a linear relationship with a value of R2 = 0.9988 is obtained even at nearly high nitrate concentration (500 mg/l). This suggests that a strong positive association exists between the optical density and tested concentrations. This linear mode of interaction enabled us to use the regression equation to determine nitrate concentrations in the unknown samples of sludge. Accordingly, the linear relationship is expressed by the equation Y = 0.0008X. This equation was used to determine the nitrogen concentration in the sludge samples. The value of nitrate level in sludge equals to 871 ± 135 mg/kg sludge as shown in Table 4.
The nitrate level tends to be high. The explanation of this result is probably due to drying sludge, re-concen- tration of cations and anions may occur beside the fact that ammonium hydroxide may be converted to nitrate due to high O2 contents due to drying process. This explanation is supported by the results of [26] who investigated the nitrification performance in a membrane bioreactor treating industrial wastewater and concluded that mixing the municipal waste water with industrial waste water in the level up to 50% resulted in a breakdown of nitrification process. However, this level of nitrate is sufficient for plant nutrition. Furthermore, Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) is nearly high and equals to 5000.04 ± 757.5 mg/kg sludge (Table 4). This high value presents all fractions of organic nitrogen. Our results agree with [27] who indicated that digested sewage sludge had high value of total nitrogen (2.17% ± 0.07%).
Figure 5. Standard curve of phosphate determination in sludge samples.
Figure 6. Optical density nitrate concentration relationship. Standard curve.
Table 4. Nitrogen levels in sludge. Values represent average and standard deviation.
The value of Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) of the sludge is 5000.04 ± 757.5 mg/kg. The explanation of high TKN value is that sludge originated from human feces which contain a high fraction of protein due to high consumption of protein. It has been estimated that protein consumption per capita per day in Gaza Strip ranged between 20 - 40 g/capita/day. High fraction of this protein goes to the wastewater treatment plant and end up by sludge samples. Accordingly, high fraction of total Nitrogen was observed in sludge samples. Moreover, the total soluble nitrogen is 61.63 ± 31.69 mg/l, regardless of the high value of standard deviation; the total soluble nitrogen is nearly in the expected range. This includes ammonia, amines and amino-acids. Recent papers showed similar results [28] . This value of total soluble N is considered moderate level. However, the explanation of this result is that all nitrogen fractions in wastewater or sludge are present in the form of organic nitrogen or in the reduced form (NH3, NH4OH) due to the anaerobic condition of TWW or sludge. Accordingly, moderate to low values of soluble N may be found. Our results are also supported by the previous work of [29] who found low nitrate concentration in the treated wastewater.
3.3. Concentration of Heavy Metals
Concentration of heavy metals in sludge samples are shown in Table 5. It can be seen that cupper concentration is 172.56 ± 61.53 mg/kg. Moreover, lead concentration is 75.86 ± 1.63 mg/kg. Furthermore, the zinc concentration is 218.73 ± 8.35 mg/kg. The manganese concentration is 157.96 ± 21.67 mg/kg. It is obvious that Zn concentration is the highest one among all cases followed by cupper and manganese. Moreover, lead concentration is the lowest one among all.
The high levels of heavy metals can be explained by the fact that industrial wastewater network is connected with the domestic wastewater network. Both wastewaters come together to wastewater treatment plant. The mixing of industrial wastewater with domestic wastewater allows heavy metals to precipitate due to the changes of pH values from acidic range in the industrial wastewater to alkaline range in the domestic wastewater. The precipitated heavy metals react with organic acid that generated from the biodegradation of the organic wastes in the treatment plant and with inorganic acid.
This process makes an accumulation of heavy metals in sludge. Our explanation is supported by the results of [30] who investigated the distribution and variation trend of heavy metals in sludge samples collected from different wastewater treatment plants in China and showed that contents of heavy metals in sludge varied significantly, and the average contents exhibited an order of Cr > Zn > Cu >Pb> As > Hg > Cd. However, the presence of heavy metal in sludge sample may move to the plant during the agricultural process [29] . Furthermore, the presence of heavy metals in sludge may become toxic to soil nitrifying or denitrifying bacteria that benefit the plant growth. This explanation is supported by the results of [31] who studied the effects of heavy metals in wastewater on anoxic/aerobic-membrane bioreactors performance and revealed that the nitrification/denitrifica- tion rates were dramatically decreased in different percentages based on the concentration of heavy metals in wastewater. Accordingly, it may be necessary and recommended to remove heavy metals from sludge samples before agricultural application. Our recommendation is supported by the work of [32] who investigated the long-term removal of heavy metals in a combined up-flow anaerobic sludge bed system treating municipal wastewater and revealed that high removal efficiencies were found for some metals in the following order: Sn > Cr > Cu > Pb > Zn > Fe (63% - 94%) and medium removal efficiencies for Ni (49%), Hg (42%), and Ag (40%), and finally Mn and As showed negative percentage removals. Further support come from the results of [33] who studied the retention of heavy metals at two pilot-scale treatment wetlands, consisting of two vertical flow beds followed by a horizontal flow bed and revealed that a major removal pathway was sedimentation and adsorption onto soil substrate as well as precipitation and co-precipitation. It has been shown by [34] that application of compost containing high fraction of heavy metals expose plant and ground water to contamination of heavy metals. In addition, El-Nahhal [20] found heavy metals in the drinking water collected from different sources and attributed this to possible contamination from industrial wastewater out house. In comparison with USEPA 1994 standards, the heavy metals concentrations in the sludge are found to be many times lower than USEPA 1994 standards. Accordingly, the sludge can be used in agriculture.
Sludge samples contain high fraction of Na, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe which are in respective manner 28.93 ± 6.85, 2.53 ± 0.43, 271 ± 38.74, 177 ± 67 and 125.12 ± 13.65 mg/kg. Moreover, , , Cl− are respectively 25.84 ± 4.26 mg/kg, 18.59 ± 2.44 g/kg and 0.434 ± 0.023 g/kg. Sludge samples contained high fraction of
Table 5. Heavy metals levels in sludge. Values represent average and standard deviation (mg/kg).
TKN. Total soluble N and nitrate are in respective form: 5000.04 ± 757.5, 61.63 ± 31.69 and 871 ± 135 mg/kg. The concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn are in the following order: 172.56 ± 61.53, 75.86 ± 1.63, 218.73 ± 8.35 and 157.96 ± 21.67 mg/kg, respectively. Application of sludge in agriculture soil may enhance plant growth due to high fraction of plant nutrients.
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Sreesai, S., Peapueng, P., Tippayamongkonkun, T. and Sthiannopkao, S. (2013) Assessment of a Potential Agricultural Application of Bangkok-Digested Sewage Sludge and Finished Compost Products. Waste Management & Research, 31, 925-936. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734242X13494261
Sheng, Y. and Xing, L. (2013) Organics Removal and Protein Recovery from Wastewater Discharged during the Production of Chondroitin Sulfate. Water Science & Technology, 68, 1582-1590. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.405
El-Nahhal, Y., Tubail, K., Safi, M. and Safi, J. (2013) Effect of Treated Waste Water Irrigation on Plant Growth and Soil Properties in Gaza Strip, Palestine. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 4, 1736-1743.
Zhang, C., Chen, H., Yu, Y.X., Wang, L.J., Han, J.B. and Tao, P. (2013) Pollution Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Sludge from Wastewater Treatment Plants and Sludge Disposal in Chinese Coastal Areas. Huan Jing Ke Xue, 34, 1345-1350. (in Chinese)
Feng, B., Fang, Z., Hou, J., Ma, X., Huang, Y. and Huang, L. (2013) Effects of Heavy Metal Wastewater on the Anoxic/Aerobic-Membrane Bioreactor Bioprocess and Membrane Fouling. Bioresource Technology, 142, 32-38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2013.05.019
De la Varga, D., Díaz, M.A., Ruiz, I. and Soto, M. (2013) Heavy Metal Removal in an UASB-CW System Treating Municipal Wastewater. Chemosphere, 93, 1317-1323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.07.043
Wojciechowska, E. and Gajewska, M. (2013) Partitioning of Heavy Metals in Sub-Surface Flow Treatment Wetlands Receiving High-Strength Wastewater. Water Science & Technology, 68, 486-493.
Kaschel, A., El Nahhal, Y., Mourad, T.A., Tubail, K., Safi, J., Hadar, Y., Chen, Y. and Römheld, V. (2002) Long- Term Field Experiment to Examine the Agricultural Application of Municipal Solid Waste Compost in the Gaza Strip.
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The LVB (Live-Video-Box) unit. Made from aerospace-grade aluminium; providing high reliability through high grade electronics. Proved already in various environments. Connectable with RN-Pro and other HDMI ready tracktest units.


The zucchini noodle is the new lazy weeknight dinner. It is just as fast, if not faster, to throw together a sauce and smother some zucchini noodles with it, than to cook a frozen pizza (with less chance of burning it). Finally I have found something lazy that is also good for you! I made zucchini udon curls tonight on a bed of spinach and topped it with some sautéed tofu and onions and totally not homemade butter chicken sauce.
Then I finally broke in my new food processor that I bought last week with this recipe for raw banana gelato. It's pretty complex: freeze a couple ripe bananas, and then process them until they reach a light, creamy texture. It's so healthy that's it's ok to then smother it in delicious gourmet chocolate sauce.


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Timothy Mellon, a major Trump donor, is funding the Texas border wall – The Texas Tribune
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An out-of-state billionaire who has previously bankrolled attempts to defend controversial immigration laws is responsible for nearly all the donations to Gov. Greg Abbott's $54 million border wall fund.
A member of one of America's richest family dynasties, Timothy Mellon, contributed nearly 98% of the fund's total donations when he donated $53.1 million in stock to the state in August, according to public records. Mellon is the 79-year-old Wyoming-based grandson of banking tycoon and former U.S. Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon.
Before Mellon's donations, Abbott's private fundraising campaign had stalled at about $1.25 million around mid-August, two months after its launch — a drop in the bucket for a project with a price tag estimated in the billions of dollars. But on Aug. 27, a state website that tracks donations to the crowdfunding effort said the fund had jumped to nearly $19 million. By the end of the month, it had topped $54 million.
The donations have since stalled again.
Mellon did not respond to multiple requests for comment made to his company, New Hampshire-based Pan Am Systems, and a marketing firm that handled publicity for his 2015 autobiography.
Abbott declined to comment.
Mellon does not appear to have close ties to Texas. But he was a top donor to the reelection campaign of former President Donald Trump, who made building a border wall a top priority, and has previously donated money to defend legislation targeting immigrants.
In 2010, he gave an unsolicited $1.5 million to the legal defense of an Arizona law that required police to determine the immigration status of people suspected of being in the country illegally, according to The Washington Post. Critics said the law would lead to racial profiling. The law was challenged all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, which struck down parts of it but left intact the section allowing officers to ask about immigration status.
Last year, Mellon gave $20 million to America First Action, the main super PAC supporting Trump's reelection. Since 2018, he's donated $30 million to the Congressional Leadership Fund, the House GOP super PAC, and he gave $30 million to the Senate Leadership Fund, which tries to elect Republicans to the U.S. Senate, in 2020.
Mellon has not donated to Abbott, but he gave $2,500 to Republican gubernatorial challenger Allen West when West ran for Congress in Florida in 2012. Mellon ramped up his political donations in 2018.
While he overwhelmingly supports conservative campaigns and Republicans, Mellon also gave to two Democrats: U.S. Rep. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez of New York in 2018 and former U.S. Rep. Tulsi Gabbard of Hawaii for her bid for the 2020 Democratic presidential nomination. Ocasio-Cortez's campaign later said it did not solicit the donation and would return it.
Mellon has taken heat for using offensive stereotypes to describe Black Americans in his self-published autobiography.
In the 2015 book, Mellon wrote that after the Great Society programs of the 1960s, which were intended to tackle poverty and racial injustice, Black people "became even more belligerent and unwilling to pitch in to improve their own situations," according to The Washington Post.
He also called social safety net programs "slavery redux."
Mellon is the chair of Pan Am Systems, a privately held transportation and freight holding company. In the 1980s, he founded a rail company called Guilford Transportation Industries. In the 1990s, he rebranded the company after buying the brand of bankrupt Pan Am Airways.
Forbes estimated Mellon was worth almost $1 billion in 2014, and last year the magazine estimated the Mellon family was worth $11.5 billion.
Abbott's crowdsourced wall
Abbott, a two-term Republican, has made border security his top priority this year as he seeks reelection next year and is fighting off challenges from his right. Abbott has blamed the Biden administration for an increase in migrants at the border.
In March, Abbott deployed state military and police resources to the border to help federal authorities enforce immigration law. In June, he announced a state of disaster in 34 counties that were seeing large increases in migrant crossings and he unveiled his plan to build a state-funded border wall, picking up where Trump left off.
The Texas Legislature has approved nearly $3 billion over the next two-year budget cycle toward border security, with about $1 billion going to the governor's office for grants, including $750 million dedicated to construction of a border wall.
Texas is already paying $25 million for a nearly 2-mile concrete barrier along State Loop 480 in Eagle Pass. Portions of the federal border wall started by the Trump administration, and put on hold by the Biden administration, ranged from $6 million per mile to $34 million per mile for construction. Abbott's office said it has identified 733 miles of border that may need some type of barrier.
While the state displays the aggregate of private donations to the border wall on its website, it does not readily provide the names of individual donors, despite a commitment from Abbott early on that the crowdfunding effort would have "transparency and accountability."
Outside of Mellon, the fund received more than 12,100 individual donations as of Sept. 14, totaling about $1.3 million. The median donation was $50.
That level of fundraising is more in line with a similar crowdfunding attempt by Arizona lawmakers 10 years ago to raise private money for constructing a fence on the Mexican border. That effort received about $270,000 in three years, according to The Arizona Republic.
During the Trump administration, a nonprofit called We Build The Wall, which included his former political adviser Steve Bannon as a board member, raised $25 million for a border wall. Bannon and Brian Kolfage, the group's leader, were accused by the federal government in August 2020 of looting the charity for personal gain. Bannon was later pardoned by Trump.
Tax benefit
Tax experts say Mellon's decision to donate stock instead of cash could yield a tax benefit for the billionaire.
Normally, a person has to pay taxes on profits made on their investments when they are sold. But investors who donate stock to charity avoid paying a tax on the earnings on their investment and get a tax deduction for the full amount of stock.
"It's common to give stock that's increased in value because they can get rid of the gains and they can deduct the donations," said Lloyd Mayer, a professor at Notre Dame Law School.
Such donations are usually made to nonprofit organizations. But under the tax code, a charitable contribution to a state would likely be tax-deductible if it is "made exclusively for public purposes." Some people, for example, get tax deductions for donating money to cut the federal debt.
The only hurdle is ensuring the money is only used for public purposes.
"In the case of [a] border wall, presumably built upon public land, I think it'd be hard to argue there are private purposes," said Lisa De Simone, an accounting professor at the McCombs School of Business at the University of Texas at Austin.
But Mayer said such donations raise questions about undue influence by wealthy donors on governmental policymaking.
In June, Tennessee billionaire Willis Johnson offered South Dakota Gov. Kristi Noem $1 million to help pay for a state National Guard's deployment to the border to aid Texas' efforts to catch people crossing illegally. The state's soldiers were then sent to the Texas border.
"The thing that's controversial about these kinds of donations is whether they're distorting government priorities. If government collects money in taxes and the government — Legislature and governor — decide how to spend it, they're setting their priorities based on the political environment," Mayer said. "But if you open it up to donations, you're handing what the government should spend their money on to wealthy donors."
Disclosure: University of Texas at Austin's McCombs School of Business has been a financial supporter of The Texas Tribune, a nonprofit, nonpartisan news organization that is funded in part by donations from members, foundations and corporate sponsors. Financial supporters play no role in the Tribune's journalism. Find a complete list of them here.
S.Korea secures 20000 courses of Merck's COVID-19 pill, says PM – Reuters
Details of Education Department's Public Service Loan Forgiveness overhaul – NPR

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Atlantic City, New Jersey
Chicken Bone Beach
Once forgotten, this strip of sand was a rare beachside haven for African Americans in Atlantic City.
Chicken Bone Beach. e1savage (Atlas Obscura User)
People flock to the Atlantic City's Jersey Shore to enjoy the sun, sand, and other splendors the city has to offer. But forgotten by many is Chicken Bone Beach, which opened in 1900 and was a segregated beach set aside for African Americans.
Top Places in Atlantic City
Greek Temple Monument War Memorial
Memorial built in 1922 in remembrance of WWI casualties.
Atlantic City's First Slot Machine
Amazingly, this old machine within the Resorts Casino still functions.
Added by e1savage
Chef Vola's
If it feels like a speakeasy, that's because it probably was one.
Added by lukefater
See more things to do in Atlantic City »
In the mid 20th century, there was a rising black middle class that wanted to participate in all the recreational activities the city offered. While there were many black-centric nightlife options in Atlantic City during segregation, Chicken Bone Beach was a rare haven for families seeking some oceanside relief from the heat.
When Chicken Bone Beach was segregated, many of the nearby restaurants refused to serve black customers. As such, families would have to pack their own picnic lunches. Their leftovers would litter the beach, scattered by animals and the elements. The name Chicken Bone Beach arose from the large amounts of leftover bones found in the sand.
In 1964, The Civil Rights Act officially desegregated the United States, including the beaches in Atlantic City. Chicken Bone Beach, and its history, became nearly forgotten until a graduate student uncovered information about it while studying Atlantic City as a tourist destination for black families.
Today, the beach indistinguishable from the others stretching along the coastline, but if you look, you can find a memorial plaque along the boardwalk. There are jazz concerts in the area during certain times of the year, and the Chicken Bone Beach Historical Society works hard to make sure the beach, its history, and the history of segregation in Atlantic City aren't forgotten again.
There is no parking on the boardwalk. You have to park and walk to the boardwalk. For people with mobility problems there are trolleys that run on the boardwalk as well as bicycle carts you can hire.
civil rightsracismafrican-americanblack historybeachesplaques
e1savage
http://www.atlanticcitynj.com/explore/attractions/details.aspx?id=79
https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/chicken-bone-beach-atlantic-city-new-jersey-1900/
Atlantic City, New Jersey, 08401
Margate City, New Jersey
Lucy the Elephant
Lucy, the world's largest "elephant."
Madam C.J. Walker Museum & WERD Radio
The legacies of two historic African-American institutions live on in this unassuming brick building.
Added by Michelle Cassidy
Halle (Saale), Germany
Anton Wilhelm Amo Monument
The monument honors the first (and for a long time, only) African-born philosopher to teach at a German university.
Added by Vololona
Andrew Young Crossing
Bronze footprints mark the path where a civil rights leader tried to march in peaceful protest before being knocked unconscious.
Added by J Ginsberg
Idlewild, Michigan
This iconic African American resort community was known as the "Black Eden of Michigan."
Added by johnmckimmhy99


My daughter is obsessed with building blocks and builds and constructs things on a daily basis. She loves building blocks so much that they are the one and only thing she's asking for this holiday season. I love Mega Bloks because they are durable and fun but they also require creativity and imagination! You should have seen the look on my daughter's face when I gave her the Mega Bloks Construction Unit Mission!
Blok Squad building block playsets introduce kids to their favorite everyday heroes: fire patrol, police officers and construction workers! Let's face it, how many kids want to grow up to be a fireman, police officer or construction worker or have a parent or family member that already is. These are something that children will relate to and enjoy playing with.
All missions are possible with the two construction vehicles of the Blok Squad Construction Unit Mission! Build the Construction 4x4 Truck and travel easily across off-road or paved streets with its large 4x4 wheels. Drive down to a construction zone with your Blok Squad Construction Worker and set up the 4x4 with its hazard lights blinking to warn drivers to slow down! Construct the multi-use Front Loader! With your Blok Squad Construction Worker at the wheel, use the Front Loader's huge shovel to lift massive rocks and clear out any area with ease!
Team up both Construction vehicles to square-off a construction zone and start digging your quarry!
Ideal for children ages 5 and up!
Collect them all and combine Blok Squad vehicles to build heavy-duty machines to complete any Construction mission!
A special thanks to Team Mom for this wonderful opportunity!


A couple got married in what is thought to be Britain's first naked Pagan wedding – in the middle of a rain-soaked wood.
Naturists John and Helen Donson stripped off to tie the knot in front of dozens of like-minded naked friends.
The 'handfasting' ceremony – a Pagan wedding – took place in their heart of their 'spiritual wood' at the Pines Naturist Club in the Forest of Dean, Glos.
Airbus worker John and Helen met three years ago at the funeral of Helen's former partner – and John admits it was love at first sight.
He said the domestic cleaner opened his eyes to an entirely different world when she introduced him to naturism.
John, 61, who work for aviation manufacturers Airbus, said: "As soon as I saw her I knew there was something special there.
Helen, 48, said: "As a girl my mum would try to get me to put my clothes on but I always used to run around naked.
The 4,500-year-old Pagan ceremony saw John and Helen's hands tied together.
They were then tasked with working together to free themselves of the bind without untying the knot – a symbol that they can work through difficult times together.
The pair, from Chippenham, Wilts., completed their nuptials by declaring 'I love you' in Norwegian.
But they will have to wait, and put clothes on, before they are legally wed because Pagan weddings are not recognised under UK law.
The ceremony was conducted by Pagan priest David Abel and priestess Melanie Sopp who were fully clothed.
David, a former Methodist minister, said: "I was quite uncomfortable with the thought of conducting a naked ceremony when I was first asked.
"I thought to myself that my Methodist congregation would have been horrified at the thought of it.
Handfasting is a Pagan tradition that dates back at least 4,500 years.
I think you'll find that Pagan Weddings are not recognised under ENGLISH law. Such wedding (albeit with more clothes!) have been legally recognised in Scotland since 2004. They are also recognised in Ireland.


I WOULD LOVE TO START-UP A CENTER FOR WRITING STUDIES THAT ADVANCES THE CONCEPTS OF COMPOSITION TEACHING ADVANCED ON THIS BLOG. THIS WOULD BE A CENTER THAT IS STUDENT-CENTERED AND ADVOCATES FOR STUDENT WRITING THAT IS PURPOSEFUL AND CREATIVE. THIS WOULD BE A CENTER THAT TEACHES ADVOCACY WRITING, SOCIAL JUSTICE WRITING, TRANSFORMATIVE WRITING AND VISIONARY WRITING, AND ENCOURAGES STUDENTS TO CONDUCT THEIR OWN WRITING PROJECTS ALONG THESE LINES. THIS WOULD BE A CENTER THAT ENCOURAGES STUDENTS TO VIEW THEIR WRITINGS AS REVOLUTIONARY AND PASSIONATE AGENTS FOR CHANGE IN THE WORLDS AND COMMUNITIES THAT THEY INHABIT AND THE LARGER WORLD BEYOND THE CLASSROOM. STUDENTS WOULD BE TAUGHT TO SEE THE RADICAL POTENTIAL OF WRITING TO TRANSFORM AND REENVISION THE WORLD AROUND THEM.


What? An overview of the workflow used to book flights and hotel for a London city trip.
Brussels – London: By plane or train?
For most travelers the cheapest (fastest?) way from anywhere in Belgium to London is by train. B-Europe.com is the recommend starting point to book your Eurostar (and Thalys, TGV, ICE) tickets for departures from any train station in Belgium. People living near Antwerp can also rely on Cityjet.com to connect to London for reasonable prices.
As Brussels airport is only a 5 minute drive away from where I live, I prefer to fly. That's not the only reason though, travel by air just feels more comfortable and enjoyable to me. Brussels Airport is a paradise compared to the train stations of Brussels. Not to speak of the security issues at Brussels South (aka Bruxelles Midi/Brussel-Zuid) Earlier this month, I had to chase two guys who had stolen my camera bag at this station!
A British Airways newsletter reminded me I still had 6000 miles sitting on my sleeping Executive Club (One World) account. Now, 6K miles doesn't buy you much, but a short-haul flight like BRU-LHR could offer opportunities.
Flight awards cover fares only, you still need to pay taxes and fees. This results in economy class rewards being the lowest value for your hard-earned miles. The taxes and fees for a return economy class reward flight with British Airways would be a staggering €109.11 The full fare for my return ticket BRU-LHR would be €175.11 That's a €66 discount in exchange for your 6000 miles, Sir. No way. After making all kinds of cash+miles/economy class and business class combinations, I figured out the highest value for my 6K miles. The inbound flight LHR to BRU in Business class (called 'Club Europe' by BA). The full fare €559.20 euro. My miles+cash+taxes+fee fare €112.80 That's a €446,40 value for my 6000 miles! Of course, business class on a one hour A319 flight won't be that impressive, but still, I'll enjoy champagne at take-off and maybe a business class meal. More importantly, I'll have the opportunity to experience a business class treatment at the new Terminal 5 of London Heathrow and have access to the British Airways lounges. A nice topic for a travel.bart.la blog post!
As a budget traveler you would try to avoid planning trips at this time. As a loyalty traveler it feels like time to cash in a reward. So I did. I used two free nights which I earned during last year's PriorityClub.com Sweet Dilemma promotion to book the InterContinental London Park Lane.
Remark: I had to spend 4 nights (4 stays) at IHG properties to earn those two free nights in 2010. So I did spend around 250 euro on 4 hotel nights of which two were mattress runs.
vary. But this a very big diffrence and seems the website cant be used as an indication.


New England College's Master of Science in Engineering Project Management provides engineering professionals with essential leadership and technical skills for today's dynamic global environment.
• Develop vital leadership and managerial skills.
New England College's Master of Science in Engineering Project Management provides you with the technical, leadership and managerial skills needed to become a successful manager who can manage complex projects to successful conclusions.
New England College's Master of Science in Engineering Project Management provides engineering professionals with essential leadership and technical skills for today's dynamic global environment. The program's curriculum is designed so that engineers can leverage technical skills learned both in school and on the job. The program will transform you into a leader who can manage projects based upon your understanding of organizational dynamics, the process of managing people, strategic management, and financial and accounting skills. A Bachelor's degree in Engineering is a pre-requisite when applying for admission. The 40-credit program can be completed in a year for those taking it full time. The course delivery and structure are specifically designed for working professionals to make the most efficient use of time and to optimize the learning experience.
Students will learn how to effectively communicate to a variety of stakeholders though a various forms of communications. From professional presentations to team meetings, from letters to complex documents, graduates of this program will become effective communicators. They will be able to apply management skills and concepts to identify, analyze, and creatively solve project-based and organizational problems. Additionally, they will obtain the leadership skills needed to lead interdisciplinary teams in diverse situations. On top of that, the program will empower you to utilize a broad "toolkit" of technical, statistical, financial, risk-assessment, legal, organization, and ethical tools to solve management problems. As a qualified project manager, you'll be able to use financial and accounting information in support of tactical and strategic decisions in any type of project or program.


Made a little Valentine e-card to e-mail hubby. Used one of my red rose photographs and digitally manipulated it in photo-editing software and created digital art. That work is one I'll add to the PDIR page, eventually. But for the e-card, I resized horizontally from the vertical image, stretching it out of proportion, then added some colored text, which isn't centered. LOL! I was in a rush and he's getting a a tangible card anyway. Just want to surprise him at work with a little e-greeting of love on Valentine's Day. Ain't I sweet? Sometimes. Hahahah.
If you'd like to send my artsy-fartsy Valentine's Day e-greeting to someone you adore, you're welcome to download the e-card and send it to your sweetie. No strings attached. The Valentine image is free to distribute to a loved one.
To download, right click on the image further below and save it to your electronic device.


text:
See How Christians in Egypt Show Their Love for the Cross with This Simple Tattoo
May 15, 2018 by Christopher Summers in Ramadan
Imagine living in a place where your faith made you an outcast. Perhaps it would cost you financially or would impact your career opportunities. Maybe being a Christian meant you were mocked in school or cost you friends. What if following Jesus meant your church was targeted by bombers during one of the biggest services of the year?
And what if, on top of all of that, you couldn't keep your faith quiet, even if you wanted to?
This is the situation many Egyptian Christians find themselves in this month; they're about to enter into the season of Ramadan when pressure for Christians in Muslim-majority countries increases. Everyone notices the Christians who aren't participating in the cultural traditions and customs of the surrounding community. And, only one year removed from the beginning of multiple brutal terrorist attacks, you might guess that Christians in Egypt are reeling, cowering in fear and worried about the threat of violence.
Far from it; with God's help, they are honoring the dead, praying for justice and declaring their faith boldly, even in the midst of Ramadan—even in the middle of painful memories of violence and death.
In Egypt, it's not uncommon to see Christians with tattoos on their wrists. Many Christians have them, even children who are elementary-aged. While we in the West might be uncomfortable to see such a young child receive a tattoo, this tradition goes back centuries in Egypt.
Egypt changed from a Christian country to a Muslim country in the seventh century; according to some sources, the Christians who remained in Egypt were tattooed to show they were Christians and forced to pay a tax. The CopticMembers of an ethnic religious group from North Africa but primarily Egypt, where they are the largest Christian denomination in the country. Christian community in Egypt has adopted the tattoo as a powerful tradition, changing its meaning into a radical expression of faithfulness in the middle of difficult situations.
The tattoos show that the bearer belongs to Jesus. To bear a symbol that will never go away means, no matter what, you carry with you a reminder of your commitment to God—and His commitment to you. The declaration of your faith is public and available for all to see; there is no hiding your allegiance to Christ when it's permanently marked on your hand.
During the month of Ramadan, Christians around the world who live in Muslim-dominated countries are "marked" in a similar way. They may not go through the pain of being marked with ink and needle, but their behavior during this Muslim holy month identifies them in a very public way nonetheless. There is no hiding the difference in faith during Ramadan.
That's why it's so important to pray with and stand with our brothers and sisters around the world who are feeling an extra squeeze this month. We are all one Body of Christ–and as 1 Corinthians 12 reminds us, when one part suffers, every part suffers. That means we feel it when our brothers and sisters in Egypt, Iraq, Malaysia or Indonesia feel pressure because of their faith during Ramadan.
Most of us may not bear the literal marks of the CopticMembers of an ethnic religious group from North Africa but primarily Egypt, where they are the largest Christian denomination in the country. tattoos, but we all share the spiritual marks of faith in Christ—a similar, radical call to faithfulness. We stand with our brothers and sisters around the world who bear this same mark, to give them encouragement and hope—and to remind them they aren't alone.
Stand with your brothers and sisters in Christ when they need it the most.


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Manchester Uni's law, business and computer science departments join forces with Freshfields and DWF for new lawtech research and teaching project
Whitestone Solicitors / News / Legal Cheek / LawTech / Manchester Uni's law, business and computer science departments join forces with Freshfields and DWF for new lawtech research and teaching project
Now the scientists are getting involved
The University of Manchester has launched an ambitious new lawtech project that brings together academics from its schools of law, business and computer science with corporate law firms Freshfields and DWF.
The collaboration, badged 'The Manchester LegalTech Consortium', has dual research and teaching aims.
On the research side, it aims to pool ideas across disciplines to come up with new lawtech applications that can be used in practice to boost the efficiency of the legal profession. Freshfields and DWF will provide an arena to trial what the boffins come up with. Teaching-wise, Manchester Uni will bring in Freshies and DWF lawyers, alongside business and computer science academics, to deliver the new lawtech and access to justice module it is developing with legal technology company Neota Logic.
There's also a wider brief to contribute to public policy debate on innovation in law. This may see ideas offered about content for the new solicitor super-exam that is set to replace the Legal Practice Course (LPC) in 2020, although a question about this by Manchester University Professor Claire McGourlay at the unveiling of the project last night at DWF in Manchester did not elicit a conclusive response.
Also at the launch was Ministry of Justice big wig Lord Keen, who spoke about his high hopes for what the cross-disciplinary teams might achieve, as he backed a legal profession tech revolution.
Notably, Keen was prepared to put a timescale on his predictions, unlike many lawtech commentators, as he told the audience:
"We'll see a development in the legal services industry that changes it significantly in the next ten years — we just don't know what it is because it hasn't been invented yet."
Manchester is becoming something of a legal IT hub, with Freshfields and DWF among a host of firm's which have embraced innovation in the city. Addleshaw Goddard and Pinsent Masons are other tech leaders — each scoring an A* for tech savvy in this year's Legal Cheek Trainee and Junior Lawyers Survey — which have large bases in the city.
Manchester University professor of innovation management Andrew James said:
"The university has a strong reputation of collaborative research with industry partners, with more UK businesses working with us than any other UK higher education institution; by combining our research expertise with business awareness, we hope this work will result in the establishment of improved service provision within the legal sector."
Hear more about what Manchester University, Freshfields and DWF are doing at the Legal Cheek Future of Legal Education and Training Conference 2019 in May next year.
The post Manchester Uni's law, business and computer science departments join forces with Freshfields and DWF for new lawtech research and teaching project appeared first on Legal Cheek.


For stevedoring services rate quotes please contact Randy Grune at 808-527-3480.
Hawaii Stevedores, Inc. is committed to providing our customers the best service. We seek individuals who share this same vision.
Our associates enjoy their career with Hawaii Stevedores because of our commitment to recognizing and rewarding performance excellence. At HSI, you will have the opportunity to work with some of the most experienced and passionate people in the transportation industry.
The Pasha Group provides reasonable accommodations to qualified individuals with a disability. If you need assistance in the application process, please contact Human Resources.


We are sad to report that Mr. Gordon Cotton, Waltrip's first Principal, passed away on September 30, 2012 in Trinity, Texas.
Gordon Melford Cotton passed away Sunday evening, September 30, 2012 at the Avalon Place Nursing Home in Trinity, TX. He was born in the North Walker County Community of Kittrell on October 26, 1918. He was the only son and one of three children born to Robert Frank and Versie (Williamson) Cotton. He was 93 years of age.
Mr. Cotton was a "Class of 1935" graduate of Huntsville High School and a graduate of Sam Houston State Teachers College. He played on both the high school and college basketball teams. He served his country in the U.S. Navy during the time of World War II. He retired from the Houston ISD in 1979 after 42 years of service in numerous capacities including basketball coach, assistant principal, principal, administrator, Area 1 Superintendent, and Deputy Superintendent for Administration.
Mr. Cotton was active in the Houston community. He served on the board of directors at Reagan Commerce Bank and the Houston Teachers' Credit Union. He was a member of the Greater North Houston Kiwanis club and served on the education committee of the Houston Chamber of Commerce.
The Cottons retired to Westwood Shores in Trinity in 1980 where he continued to contribute to the community. Here, he served as a trustee of Westwood Shores and as president of the Westwood Shores Men's Golf Association. He served on the board of directors for the Lake Area National Bank. He, also, was a member of the Trinity Hospital Board where he strongly supported the vision for a new hospital. Mr. Cotton was an active member of the First United Methodist Church of Trinity.
Mr. Cotton had many interests. He enjoyed his farm, especially tending to the pecan trees that were given to him by the Waltrip faculty. He enjoyed hunting, wild hog trapping, fishing, gardening, golfing, riding in the gold golf cart that was given to him when he retired, playing 42 and 84, and watching sports on television.
Left to cherish his memory are his loving and supportive wife of 64 years, Marjorie Lee (Weis) Cotton; son Ralph Gordon Cotton and wife Sandra of Colleyville, TX; grandsons, Nicholas Cotton of Colleyville, and Ryan Cotton of Boston, MA; twin sister, Dorothy Tipton of Houston; sister Marguerite Croucher of Houston; nephew, David Croucher and wife Yolanda; niece, Diane McCharen and husband Bob. Numerous other relatives and many friends also survive.


text:
Food personality Alton Brown is coming to PPAC
Gail Ciampa
Television personality and Food Network star Alton Brown will bring his new show, "Alton Brown Live – Beyond The Eats," to the Providence Performing Arts Center on Oct. 26.
Tickets go on sale online Friday, April 30, at 10 a.m. at ppacri.org. On Monday, May 3, tickets will be available at the PPAC box office window and by phone at (401) 421-ARTS (2787) beginning at 10 a.m. Box office hours are Monday through Friday 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.
Tickets range from $39.50 to $79.50 and include a $4-per-ticket restoration charge. A limited number of VIP experience tickets are available for $150, which include Brown's preshow sound check followed by a question-and-answer session.
This will be the third "Alton Brown: Live" tour. He performed with "Eat Your Science" in 2016-17 and "The Edible Inevitable Tour" from 2013-14. Both made stops at PPAC.
More:Outdoor dining 'parklets' are all around RI. Check out this post-COVID trend
Fans of "Good Eats," "Food Network Star" and "Cutthroat Kitchen" are well familiar with Brown and his madcap antics.
He has won two James Beard Foundation Awards, the "Oscars" of the food world. One was as outstanding television host for "Good Eats" and the other for his "I'm Just Here for the Food" cookbook, in the reference category.
In 2014, Brown told The Journal he wanted to do a culinary variety show in the style of "The Carol Burnett Show," "The Smothers Brothers" and "Sonny and Cher," all of which he enjoyed growing up in the 1970s. He is 58.
Bringing back the clever songs and comedy skits of those shows was his goal. Learn more at altonbrownlive.com.
PPAC recently announced they have achieved Global Biorisk Advisory Council Star accreditation for prepared facilities, implementing the most stringent protocols for cleaning disinfection and infectious disease prevention. COVID-19 safety measures will apply.
More:Fast food helped build America in challenging times


Ctrl-F3 is one of my more well-used keystrokes.
God Damned Christians!! Get the Hell out of here!
I suggest you ask in one or more Open Source programming communities.
gets posts to the MS server. There is generally no rhyme no reason for it.
Internet Files section, Settings button, View Files.
OSes for its day. And still is the most limited of today.
Blame Frankenstein, not the monster.
I understand. Just wanted you to know who you're dealing with.
No. You're safe limit is ~137 GB.
absolves it of any responsibilities.
Of course, "thanatoid" is an incredibly ignorant SOB, too.


Pakistan Calls Swami Aseemanand's Acquittal In 2007 Ajmer Blast Case "Regrettable"
Swami Aseemanand was jailed in 2010 for his alleged involvement in Samjhauta blast.
Islamabad: Pakistan has condemned Swami Aseemanand's acquittal in the Ajmer Dargah blast case in which three people died and 15 were injured. A special court has found him 'not guilty' of any link to the blast.
Pakistan's Foreign Office summoned India's Deputy High Commissioner JP Singh on Friday to express its concern over the acquittal of right-wing activist Aseemanand, who also allegedly masterminded the Samjhauta train blasts case.
In a statement, the Foreign Office said, "Swami Aseemanand had publicly confessed that he was the 'mastermind' of Samjhauta Express terrorist attack of February 2007 and had also identified a serving Indian army officer, Col Purohit (Lieutenant Colonel Shrikant Purohit), who was head of terrorist organisation Abhinav Bharat, as his accomplice in the Samjhauta Express terrorist attack."
On February 18, 2007, 68 people were killed in the blasts on Samjhauta Express while it was passing through Panipat. The statement added that 42 Pakistani citizens had lost their lives.
"The Government of Pakistan expects India to take steps to bring to justice all those involved in the heinous act of Samjhauta Express terrorist attack," the statement read.
On Thursday, Foreign Office spokesperson Nafees Zakaria termed Swami Aseemanand's acquittal in the 2007 Ajmer blast case as "regrettable". "What we have noted is that over the last few years they had been exonerating people involved in the Samjhauta Express terrorist attack," Mr Zakaria said.
"We have been pursuing the case of Samjhauta Express with the Indian government and we hope that they will share the findings/investigations collected so far in the case with us and perpetrators will be brought to justice," he said.
Swami Aseemanand is an accused in several bombings including the Malegaon blast in Maharashtra in 2006 in which nearly 40 people were killed, and explosions at Hyderabad's Mecca Masjid and Samjhauta Express in 2007.
The charges against Aseemanand included murder and spreading communal hatred. He was jailed in 2010 and allegedly admitted to his involvement in the series of terror attacks. He had later retracted this statement, saying it was made under pressure from the investigators.


Meaning and definitions of cheat, translation in Khmer language for cheat with similar and opposite words. Also find spoken pronunciation of cheat in Khmer and in English language.
What cheat means in Khmer, cheat meaning in Khmer, cheat definition, examples and pronunciation of cheat in Khmer language.


Could Creating One Bay Area City Solve the Housing Crisis?
Reid Williamson is an urban planning nerd. He lives in Oakland and was recently on a trip to Los Angeles and was struck by it's size and how long you could take to cross that single city.
Whereas up here, many people drive through multiple cities just to get to work each day. And those cities aren't always working together.
"So Cupertino adds jobs at Apple, and Cupertino says, 'We'll pass on housing, it's not our thing.' And then the next town over says, 'That's not our thing either.' And all of a sudden you're all the way in Tracy," he says.
Reid wonders if there's a way to stop cities from "passing" on building housing.
Downtown Redwood City has a lot to offer its residents — transit lines that connect to all over the Bay Area, a variety of restaurants and shops, and plenty of jobs in its many office buildings. To Maureen Sedonaen, CEO at Habitat for Humanity Greater San Francisco, it was an ideal place for a new affordable housing project.
In 2014, Sedonaen proposed a nine-story building with 46 units.
"[The housing crisis] is a national problem. It's a statewide problem. And in particular it's heightened and underlined in our region," Sedonaen says.
But to win approval from the city, Habitat's proposal was cut by more than half — down to 20 units.
Then a neighbor, with a history of obstructing development projects, halted the project for more than a year. He cited an environmental concern, saying the building would increase traffic.
More than three years later, the lot Sedonaen hopes to build on still sits empty with a price tag that keeps on growing.
"Folks are going to live next door to people who tried to stop them from having their home. And that's hard," Sedonaen says.
While the housing crisis is a regional problem, local governments and their constituents have a huge say on how much affordable housing to allow.
Bay Curious is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area. Subscribe on Apple Podcasts, NPR One or your favorite podcast platform.
When land use is decided by local governments, it's easier for vocal locals to protest projects.
Locals protest new buildings for all kinds of reasons. They might say that a development is ugly, it blocks the sun, it isn't affordable or it will create traffic. Terplan says while traffic fears could be addressed by building densely around transit, or creating more bike-friendly streets, for some it still might be too much change too fast.
Politicians have lost their jobs for being to willing to develop.
"Redwood City had a very good plan for growing its downtown, and evolving and enabling growth around rail. Lots of people moving there weren't driving their cars. But a bunch of [politicians] that supported that development got thrown out," Terplan says.
There's resistance to change in cities across the Bay Area. You can find NIMBYism in Mountain View, Berkeley, Brisbane, the list goes on, and all that can compound — and we end up with less housing.
But what if it wasn't local governments who had the power? What if, as Reid asked, plans came from the region instead?
There are no serious proposals to unite the Bay Area into one city, but we thought it was an interesting question. After all, this region has a legacy of regional projects like the Save the Bay movement, which halted large-scale polluters and stopped cities from paving over the San Francisco Bay. Our regional parks are another example, which preserved the hills of the East Bay and the coast of Marin.
So what if we looked at a regional approach to housing? Could we save millennials, seniors, locals and future locals like we saved the bay?
We're creating a hypothetical city. Let's call it Reid Land (named after the question asker).
What are the boundaries of Reid Land? This is an oversimplification, but let's say it includes all nine counties of the Bay Area. That would include 101 cities, around 7,000 square miles and an estimated 7.7 million people. For comparison, the city of Los Angeles has almost 4 million people on about 470 square miles.
The budget of Reid Land would be huge. According to the Bay Area Council Economic Institute, if the Bay Area were a country, it'd be the 19th largest economy in the world — smaller than the Netherlands, larger than Switzerland. Money collected from regional taxes would be spent regionally.
"You would be thinking about where are the best places to grow in such a way we're really getting development around our transportation infrastructure so that people aren't going to drive as much," Terplan says.
In this fictional scenario, the city might take underutilized land and build tall mixed-housing developments. Each building would have affordable housing, and there would be businesses and green space. Bike lanes would cross these super-dense neighborhoods and a train stop would be conveniently located at each neighborhood center. These trains could whisk you across the whole region, so traffic would be reduced and people could move about Reid Land easier and cheaper.
"Just think about all the things that New York City accomplished that didn't happen here — 24-hour rail service connecting across these places," Terplan says.
There are drawbacks to Reid Land.
For example, "If all transit was merged together, you might not have as much bus service in San Francisco as you do today because you would start spreading those resources across a bigger geography. And so for people that rely on transit in San Francisco, they would see that as a loss," Terplan says.
Another consequence of amalgamating all these cities is that it would change voting demographics. People might not have their local interests represented. For example, urban constituents might be outvoted by suburban constituents.
"I would point to Toronto as a city that kind of did this to a certain extent. They expanded outward and had a much larger city. And at times you would have a mayor who represented a much different perspective from the traditional urban core," Terplan says.
When Metropolitan Toronto amalgamated its six boroughs in 1998, it was very controversial. Twenty years later, people still debate if it was a good decision.
It's also not clear if creating a single city would solve our housing problems. City council members might still find ways to block projects that would threaten the character of their neighborhoods, and vocal residents could continue to find ways to stop projects they found objectionable.
In fact, this whole thing is pretty unrealistic — 101 cities are unlikely to give up control to a single governing body.
We don't need to have a single megacity to solve regional problems.
We have regional institutions that are thinking about big-picture issues facing the Bay Area. The problem is they don't enforce plans or dole out consequences if cities don't comply.
An alternative might be that regional plans and goals for housing become binding for cities.
One idea is a cap-and-trade program, but with housing. Each community would have a certain amount of housing and affordable housing it must build, and if a community doesn't want to see that development in its own backyard, it could give money to an adjacent community to build that housing.
Perhaps, most realistically, it might just mean more collaboration, like in the case of transportation.
"How would it work if all the rail systems in the Bay Area really felt like one? You don't have to merge them all together. But from a customer, it's got to feel like a merger," Terplan says.
There are collaborations currently underway. CASA (The Committee to House the Bay Area) meets roughly once a month with an aim to build actionable political consensus among Bay Area leaders. That said, in all likelihood, it wouldn't support a single Bay Area city.
What does the question asker, Reid, make of all of this?
Thanks to Ben Bradford for his reporting on Redwood City.
Correction: the drive from the Getty to Manhattan beach goes through multiple cities, not just Los Angeles.


This post is from a few years ago....but so worth sharing again. The experience hasn't changed.
I take my power walks in a lovely park close to home. I notice the trees and the rocks and the birds. There's a lake right in the middle of the park, also. It's beautiful to be able to enjoy so much, for free. I love the exposure to nature.
Yesterday, I observed a little closer some of the trees that I passed as I walked . First, I took notice of the path where I start my walks....it's like a greeting committee...of mango trees.
Just walking underneath them I felt as if I was surrounded, nurtured and greeted happily by these wonderful living beings. I could almost sense them communicating with me.
Walking on, I noticed one tree. It felt like it resembled me. Short, not tall.....with a chunky trunk and lots of flowers (to later turn into fruit) on its branches close to the ground. I like to think I'm like that. My arms extended out, wanting to give to others what I've received.
Guess what? As I continued, I noticed another tree....it seemed to have been blown over by a storm, and most of its roots where outside the ground; yet, even though I thought it should be dead...there was life branching out of it...yes, there were flowers on its branches!!
I was amazed. This particular tree reminded me of people we sometimes think are crippled or disabled, but even so, live full and productive lives...giving to the world in their own unique way.
Funny, I walk this path almost every day....only yesterday did I take notice of all the lessons and stories Nature has to share with me.
What a sweet poetic inner you possess.


I just today finally picked up my own Raspberry Pi and am therefore more than excited to hear about your upcoming workshop. One thing I could think of is perhaps touching on the most common extension for raspberry pi out there at the moment or perhaps if you happen to be familiar with one in particular to talk about the basic process to get you on the right track.
> hardware interfacing projects. Have I missed something? Let me know!


Sony CEO Howard Smith assures Playstation Network (PSN) users that there is still no evidence that their credit card details have been taken after the hack of Sony's servers in April, thought to be by the hacking movement, Anonymous, who have since denied responsibility after issuing a public statement.
Howard Smith has written a public letter to all PSN users in which he acknowledges Sony should have notified those affected by the Security breach sooner.
The letter to PSN users continues to say that as well as there being no evidence of credit card data being misused, there is also no evidence of gamers personal data being misused either. Presumably Smith is referring to attempts of Identity Theft (although would any victims necessarily know this quickly?) but continues to say that Sony are launching a new $1m insurance policy for each of its users against Identity Theft for the US users. PSN UK users and others across the world will have to wait to see what Sony come up with for us.
So far, the PSN Security breach has compromised the personal data of over 100m users. Despite hinting at the PSN being back online earlier this week, we are yet to see any online functions available with only fresh hints at PSN being back online next week (w/c May 9th 2011).


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text:
Words of the Gods
Lady of the Seas
What is Real Anymore?
I took it gratefully and shook my head. "No, Calix. I need Rommel here as soon as possible. I think I may be pregnant."
By Amphitrite (Natalie Bartley) / July 25, 2021
Forgotten Gods Lady of the Seas
Forgotten Gods: Bleed Through From The Sea
I found a bench nearby and sat down, letting the air waft over me. We were a distance from the ocean, but I could almost feel the Atlantic calling to me. It was both confusing and warming. Like a lover I had never known, beckoning me home.
By Amphitrite (Natalie Bartley) / June 5, 2021
Lord of the Seas
He jumps into the water, and I laugh, removing my shirt before jumping in after him. The water helps push me along, and I catch up to Kai in a heartbeat. I wink at him before shooting forward, and I can almost hear him yell the word ass towards me. Maybe…maybe I haven't ruined everything.
By Poseidon (Theo Laurent) / April 20, 2021
I watch him go, wishing I could be as easily freed. My mind is trapped with thoughts of Nerites, and I need to cut him loose so I don't hurt those that I care about. I already hurt Kai. I can't feel what he feels for me, and I knew that before I touched him. I close my eyes and stretch my arms out to find the ship. It's bow is currently crashing into waves a few kilometers ahead of me.
By Poseidon (Theo Laurent) / April 5, 2021
God of Wine Lady of the Seas
Dionysia, Part I
She ran to me. I picked her up in my arms and twirled around as if we were filming the dramatic I will catch up to you at the gate before your airplane leaves type of scene from a rom-com. Of course, that made her blush profusely, and that was fine by me. I enjoyed making my Pheephee blush. Who would not take pride in seeing a goddess turn red at your whim?
By Dionysos (Peter Farmer) / March 13, 2021
By the Sea, Part II
I was filled with more emotion than I felt comfortable showing, letting the sea churn for me instead. The waves hit the mountainside so hard it kicked spray through the broken windows. "Is there even a Nikolas?" I asked quietly.
By Hekate (Cassandra Thompson) / March 5, 2021
A Ship for a King
Laughing, I untie us from the dock. "The wind is always in my favor. The Anemoi are old friends. We are going to want to head southeast to the Dodecanese Islands. There should be one covered in mist. Only the eye of a god can spot it."
By Poseidon (Theo Laurent) / February 20, 2021
By the Sea, Part I
I couldn't let him stay here. While the realm he created was beautiful, it was lonely and cold. I knew what happened to the souls in Propalyia. Eventually, they all flung themselves over the gates, only to be impaled, and returned to their homes. They hated me for it, which was why I kept my distance, why they moaned throughout the forests. Every human desires peace, and there was no peace in Propalyia.
By Hekate (Cassandra Thompson) / February 10, 2021
Maelstrom, Part VI: Inarajan
The morning passed as it normally did, with me sleeping in the sun, relaxing under his rays, hoping the darkening of my skin would help to hide the bruises. It was around mid-day that I saw a shimmer in the sand. I got up, making my way closer.
By Amphitrite (Natalie Bartley) / October 24, 2020
Maelstrom, Part V: Beached
I didn't know how long I would be healing on this gorgeous island. Looking out the window, I watched the sea, calming after a storm that could have caused massive destruction. It hadn't, and that thought gave me hope for the future.
The Sea in the Sea Lab
"As they do me," I kept Sel's gaze a moment longer and kissed her forehead. "You and I are bound, we always have been. I am sorry for being away for so long. But hopefully, we can now work to heal the oceans of the world. And not all mortals are ruining us."
By Amphitrite (Natalie Bartley) / August 31, 2020


text:
Don Nelson Critical of Monta Ellis' Selfishness and David Lee's Bad Defense
by SLAM Staff December 18, 2013
Former Golden State Warriors head coach Don Nelson is enjoying the good life in Maui — he spends his days drinking wine, smoking cigars, playing golf and poker games with his celebrity buddies. Nelson still keeps close tabs on the NBA, and he's not afraid to talk openly and critically of his former players when watching games with a reporter. Per SI: "Later, when Warriors forward David Lee gets the ball on the block, Nelson smirks. 'You better go to him,' he says, 'because he can't guard anybody.' Still, even after they lose, he says only positive things about [Mark] Jackson: 'A good guy. I thought it would hurt him when he lost his assistant [Mike Malone, now the Kings' coach], but he's doing fine. He's got enough bulls— that works as a coach.' Nelson chuckles, picks up his Chardonnay. 'You got to be a bit of a bulls—ter.' Unlike many coaches, he loved Stephen Jackson. 'That guy'll give it to you all day,' Nelson says. 'He just had some mental issues. He played his ass off for me. You just never knew when he was going to blow his mind.' […] As for former Golden State guard Monta Ellis, now with the Mavericks, Nelson calls him 'an incredible, gifted athlete' but 'a pain in the ass when I had him.' One day, Nellie recalls, 'I said, 'You know, Monta, this is what I want you to do in practice today. I don't want you to take a shot. I think you have the ability to create and make plays. If you could ever be a point guard, the way you can score, you could really be a special player.' So he did. He found people in practice. And I said, 'Monta, why don't you focus on being a great point guard. They have the most fun of anybody. They're the man, they control everything.' Nellie pauses. 'He said, 'Coach, I just want to play. I just want to play.' He wouldn't consider that. Now, as he's matured, he's started making plays. To his credit, he's a pretty good player right now. When I had him, all he wanted to do, little selfish bastard, was to shoot every time. And never pass.'"
David Lee Don Nelson Golden State Warriors Monta Ellis
Warriors Didn't Sign D'Angelo Russell "With The Intention Of Just Trading Him," Says General Manager Bob Myers
'I'm Excited': Stephen Curry Ready to Lead New-Look Warriors
Report: Kevin Durant 'Balked' at Being Traded for D'Angelo Russell
Warriors To Waive Veteran Shaun Livingston
D'Angelo Russell: Playing for Warriors a 'Huge Opportunity'


text:
Advertising, Business & Retail Services
GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE
GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE Trademark Information
Trademark by SFM, LLC
Retail grocery stores
This is a brand page for the GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE trademark by SFM, LLC in *********, **********, ***** ****.
Write a review about a product or service associated with this GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE trademark. Or, contact the owner SFM, LLC of the GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE trademark by filing a request to communicate with the Legal Correspondent for licensing, use, and/or questions related to the GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE trademark.
On Monday, May 7, 2007, a U.S. federal trademark registration was filed for GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE. The USPTO has given the GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE trademark serial number of 77174990. The current federal status of this trademark filing is CONTINUED USE NOT FILED WITHIN GRACE PERIOD, UN-REVIVABLE. The correspondent listed for GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE is Nicole Murray of ********,********, ***** **** . The GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE trademark is filed in the category of Advertising, Business & Retail Services . The description provided to the USPTO for GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE is Retail grocery stores.
Advertising; business management; business administration; office functions.
First Use Anywhere:: 11/15/2004
First Use In Commerce: 11/15/2004
Word mark: GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE
Filing Date: 5/7/2007
Registration Date: 6/3/2008
Goods and Services: Retail grocery stores
Type Of Mark: Service Mark
Published For Opposition Date: 10/30/2007
SFM, LLC
Trademarkia-Network law firms can help you incorporate a business around your GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE trademark in less than 5 minutes. Trademarkia makes the process easy and convenient, so start now!
Nicole Murray is a correspondent of GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE trademark.
Please Rate and Review for GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE
GREAT THINGS FOR A GREAT LIFE is providing Retail grocery stores.


Mozi Robotics is a company out of Lafayette LA on a mission to provide hobbyists with DIY robotics kits.
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Publicis Groupe will pay $4.4 billion in cash to acquire digital marketing firm Epsilon from Alliance Data Systems, as the French advertising group seeks to deepen its digital expertise and expand in the US.
Publicis announced the takeover in a statement two weeks after it confirmed it was in talks with Alliance Data. The owner of agencies Saatchi & Saatchi and Leo Burnett Worldwide is focusing more on data analytics as consumer giants rely less on TV commercials and billboards and shift spending online. Epsilon runs loyalty programs and email marketing and collects data including transactions, location and web activity.
"With the acquisition of Epsilon, Publicis Groupe is bringing the necessary technology, expertise and the talent to complement our offer in creativity, media and business transformation," Arthur Sadoun, Chief Executive Officer, Publicis Groupe, said in the statement.
Publicis said the acquisition will be fully financed by debt and cash on hand and will suspend its share buyback programme, so that it can stick to its 45% dividend payout ratio pledge. The net purchase price will be $3.95 billion after an acquisition-related tax impact, Publicis said.


From now onwards we should carry a helmet even in the car. This suggestion may sound funny but it can be useful especially in Karnataka.
According to a news report at Indian Express, Naveen a cab driver from Hubballi had to pay Rs 100 fine for not wearing a helmet. Incident took place around 10 pm when he was traveling from city to Gokul Road for his daily schedule.
One of the cops stopped and asked Naveen to pay Rs 500 fine for driving without a helmet. Naveen refused to pay the amount. When someone is driving a car, why will soemone wear helmet. But in the end, after a small argument, he had to pay Rs 100. He also alleged policeman for abusing and forcing to pay the amount.
Naveen, in fact, showed all his documents including his driving license but cop slapped the fine stating the funny reason of driving a car without helmet.
Surprisingly, this cop, not only fined Naveen, but also he gave a proper challan clearly mentioning the car number KA 25D 2271. In many occasions, two-wheelers have to pay fine for not wearing a helmet but asking the cab driver to wear helmet certainly not in any of the rulebooks.
This kind of harassment to the public should not be tolerated and strict actions should be taken against them. Police officials should look over the incident and make sure that this kind of incidents should not repeat in future.
Few days back, Karnataka police have made creative posters for traffic safety and they were very creative, check them here.


Friday was a sunny day, and so break duty was never going to be a chore. But it became a joy as soon as I sat at a picnic table with some Year 4 pupils. About ten gathered round.
They told me they had been playing, 'Would You Rather' in class, so we had a go, too.
Turns out that they'd rather wash their hair in custard than wash their feet in baked beans.
And they'd rather have fingers on their feet than have toes on their hands.
And if forced to choose, it would be no hair rather than no clothes.
Fifteen minutes passed by so quickly, in laughter and chatter.