Cape Town residents spot UFO look-a-likes: Many people in Cape Town in South Africa thought they were witnessing a UFO invasion on Sunday November 8 but they were actually looking up at a lenticular cloud formation, writes the Huffington Post .
Sea World plans to phase out killer whale shows: Sea World San Diego will phase out its heavily criticised killer whale show as early as next year and replace it with a conservation-based show, reports The New York Times .
Great Dane helps 11-year-old to walk: An American girl who was born with a rare genetic disorder, which affects her bone growth and limits her mobility, has started walking with the help of a service dog named George. Bella Burton was unable to walk without crutches or a wheelchair but she can now stroll around while assisted by the Great Dane, reports Popsugar .


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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


M. David Merrill has nearly 40 years experience in the instructional design field, authored 12 books and numerous articles, technical reports, and book chapters. He joined the faculty at Utah State University in 1987 and continues to conduct his research there.
Earned his BA from Brigham Young University in 1961, his Ph.D from the University of Illinois in 1964.
Merrill, M. David and the ID2 Research Group. (1996). Instructional Transaction Theory: instructional design based on knowledge objects. Educational Technology, 36(3), 30-37.
Merrill, M. David (1997). Learning-oriented instructional development tools. Performance Improvement 36(3), 51-55.
Merrill, M. David (1997). Instructional strategies that teach. CBT Solutions, Nov./Dec. 1-11.
Merrill, M. David (1998). Knowledge objects. CBT Solutions, March/April, 1-11.
Instructional designers have long recognized the importance of analyzing subject matter for the purpose of facilitating learning via appropriate knowledge selection, organization, and sequence. An early, widely used set of categories was proposed by Bloom and his associates circa 1956. Gagné proposed a taxonomy of learning objectives that found wide acceptance in the instructional design community. For each of his categories Gagné proposed unique conditions for learning based on information processing theory. Merrill elaborated and extended Gagné's categories in his work on CDT.
Dijkstra and van Merrienboer propose an integrative framework for representing knowledge that identifies three types of problems: categorization problems, interpretation problems, and design problems, as well as three levels of performance associated with the types of problems. Each of these categories and levels corresponds to relationships among the components of knowledge objects.
His work is both: he initially conceptualized a theory, subsequently supported by research.
Merrill's contribution to the instructional design field is as a thought leader, researcher, educator, consultant to major corporations and the government is major, as well as influencing a future generation of instructional designers and their learning.
Integration Principle – learning is promoted when learners integrate their new knowledge by reflection, discussion, and demonstration.
In one of his many papers, Merrill recalls a conversation with B.F. Skinner. I thought that was pretty cool. Merrill is at his best when he explains things in every day language. One quote I particularly liked is "there are really only two things that an instructor could do with content: present it to the student or ask the student to remember or use the content." That sums up a complex theory in pretty simple language that anyone designing instruction can understand and apply.


An inspiring environment is important to us. We surround ourselves with books, pictures, found objects, graphics, models and quotes. We cultivate dialogue with each other. Pending topics during the work are discussed jointly; we can all communicate with one another at any time. We find lengthy meetings unnecessary; we much prefer to solve problems directly or during coffee breaks, at lunch together, or during our daily game of cards at noontime. This promotes productivity, creativity, and a feeling of friendship.


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Kansas had a sophisticated Underground Railroad but on the western side of Missouri, I have found only one reference to any Underground Railroad system. I have heard many word of mouth stories about Missouri side houses that had a secret room or that freedom seekers were allowed to hide in the basement but no real primary source document verifying these stories. It is possible that some Missouri residents did in fact help slaves escape like a man named Robert McFarland of Lexington Missouri. From his story we learn about the horrific use of the ball and chain.
Mr. McFarland wrote an account of his experience in Lexington shortly after the Civil War. He was a blacksmith in Lexington when he learned that a local slave master manned James Hicklin had placed a ball and chain on one of his slaves. The shackle had chafed the slave's leg so bad that it had become infected. Mr. McFarland sent word to this slave that if he would come to his blacksmith shop, he would remove the offending object. Later that evening an elderly slave appeared at his home with the ball and chain attached. Mr. McFarland removed the offensive device and threw the ball and chain in his well to hide the evidence. He buried the leg shackle in his garden. After the War, he retrieved this shackle and donated it to the Kansas Sate Historical Society. He wrote at that time that the last time he saw this \slave, the man was walking west toward Kansas.
Posted in: Lane Trail Blog Filed under: "Civil War", "underground railroad"


text:
console.log('Problem 1');
var input = 1256804;  // change here for tests
function lastDigitAsWord(number) {
    var lastDigit = number % 10;
    switch (lastDigit) {
        case 1: return 'one';
        case 2: return 'two';
        case 3: return 'three';
        case 4: return 'four';
        case 5: return 'five';
        case 6: return 'six';
        case 7: return 'seven';
        case 8: return 'eight';
        case 9: return 'nine';
        case 0: return 'zero';
    }
}
console.log(lastDigitAsWord(input));
console.log('\n');

console.log('Problem 2');
input = 2548123; // change here for tests
function reverseDigit(number) {
    var numberAsString = number.toString();
    var reversedNumber = '';

    for (var i = numberAsString.length - 1; i >= 0; i-=1) {
        reversedNumber += numberAsString[i];
    }
    return reversedNumber;
}
console.log(reverseDigit(input));
console.log('\n');

console.log('Problem 3');
function wordCount(text, word, caseSensitive) {
    var argsCount = arguments.length;
    var count = 0;
    if (argsCount === 2) {
        caseSensitive = false;
    }

    if (!caseSensitive) {
        word = word.toLowerCase();
    }

    function clearArrayFromEmptyStrings(arrayOfStrings){
        var cleanArray = [];
        for (var i = 0; i < arrayOfStrings.length; i++) {
            if (arrayOfStrings[i] !== '') {
                cleanArray.push(arrayOfStrings[i]);
            }
        }

        return cleanArray;
    }

    var words = text.split(/[\s\.\?&;:=!]/);
    words = clearArrayFromEmptyStrings(words);

    for (var i = 0; i < words.length; i++) {
        var currentWord = words[i];
        if (!caseSensitive) {
            currentWord = currentWord.toLowerCase();
        }

        if (currentWord === word) {
            count += 1;
        }
    }

    console.log(count);
}
wordCount('Edit the Expression & Text to see matches? Roll over matches!or the expression for details.', 'The');
console.log('\n');

console.log('Problem 4');
function countDivs() {
    var divsCount = document.getElementsByTagName('div').length;
    console.log(divsCount);
    console.log('\n');
}

console.log('Problem 5');
function countOccurrences(array, number) {
    var count = 0;
    for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
        if (array[i] === number) {
            count += 1;
        }
    }
    return count;
}

console.log(countOccurrences([1,2,3,4,5,5,6,7,7,2,2,1,1,1,1], 3));
console.log('\n');

console.log('Problem 6');
function isBiggerThanNeighbours(array, index) {
    var biggerThanLeft = array[index] > array[index - 1] || array[index - 1] === undefined;
    var biggerThanRight = array[index] > array[index + 1] || array[index + 1] === undefined;
    return biggerThanLeft && biggerThanRight;
}
console.log(isBiggerThanNeighbours([1,0,3], 0));
console.log('\n');

console.log('Problem 7');
function indexOfFirstBigger(array) {
    var defaultIndex = -1;
    for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i+=1) {
        if(isBiggerThanNeighbours(array, i)) {
            return i;
        }
    }

    return defaultIndex;
}

console.log(indexOfFirstBigger([7,8,8,4,9,5]));
console.log('\n');

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Minnesota-Ohio St. Preview
(AP) - Now that Cardale Jones is starting again for No. 1 Ohio State, he'll be tasked with keeping the ball moving not only down the field, but into the end zone.
Jones started the first seven contests but was replaced by J.T. Barrett at Rutgers on Oct. 24 - in part because Barrett does a better job in the red zone.
With Barrett suspended for Saturday's home game against Minnesota (4-4, 1-3 Big Ten) after being cited during the bye week for operating a vehicle while impaired, the top-ranked Buckeyes (8-0, 4-0) will again turn to Jones - at least for one game.
Although Jones is 10-0 as a starter the past two seasons, offensive coordinator Ed Warinner is well aware of his struggles in the red zone. In the two games prior to starting against Rutgers, Barrett was inserted anytime Ohio State got near the goal line.
The Buckeyes, who were No. 3 in this week's initial College Football Playoff rankings, have 15 touchdowns and a field goal in 18 trips inside the red zone the past three games after going 12 for 16 with six TDs in the first five.
Warinner doesn't expect the recent success to change even though the quarterback has.
"We feel like we have a good answer for the red zone right now, and we've kind of evolved into what we're going to do there, and we know what we can do," he said. "(Jones) practices as part of that all through the last few weeks, even though J.T. has primarily done it. We'll use the things that play to his strengths."
Barrett is a gifted runner who reads the option well but also can pull the ball back and toss a 30-yard scoring strike, as he did to Curtis Samuel in the 49-7 victory against the Scarlet Knights. Jones, meanwhile, runs when needed but spends more time in the pocket and throws a better deep ball.
"They're a little bit different styles," coach Urban Meyer said. "J.T., he's a little bit more a spread quarterback where he reads ends and Cardale, although he can do it, we have a little bit more drop-back pass game in."
The question to be answered against the Golden Gophers is who better suits the offense? Even though Jones led Ohio State to the national title last season by winning the final three games after Barrett broke his ankle, the team seems more in tune with Barrett.
He was on full display against Rutgers with 223 yards passing and 101 rushing yards. Barrett's dual-threat capabilities helped Ezekiel Elliott run for 142 yards - his 13th straight game with 100 or more.
Left tackle Taylor Decker said Barrett will be missed during his one-game suspension, but that Jones will get the job done.
"I think it does affect the momentum because we were getting J.T. in there more and more and we were improving week to week," Decker said. "At the same time, it just wasn't J.T. affecting our momentum. Everybody was playing better and better. We obviously know we have played really well with Cardale at times."
The wild card in the quarterback derby is Braxton Miller. The former quarterback and current receiver after shoulder surgery last year will be the backup QB this week.
"He's a two-time Big Ten player of the year at quarterback," Decker said. "That's all you need to say. The kid's a playmaker and he'll do whatever the team needs him to do."
The Buckeyes' depth at quarterback is certainly a concern for Minnesota interim coach Tracy Claeys, who took over last week when Jerry Kill retired because of health reasons.
"The unknown is the role Braxton picks up from here on out because I'm sure there'll be something there," Claeys said. "How we handle that will probably have a big part in the outcome of the game. We can set up here until midnight drawing up ways that they're going to get him the ball and may not be right on one of them."
In his first game since Kill tearfully stepped away from football over concerns with his epilepsy, Claeys chose to go for a win instead of a tying field goal, but then-No. 15 Michigan stopped Mitch Leidner on a sneak as time expired to escape with a 29-26 victory.
"I just think in those situations you've got to be able to get half a yard," Claeys said. "If it's outside the 1-yard line, hey, we'll kick it and move on. But in that situation I felt like we could get it. I'd do it all over again and do the same thing."
The Gophers have lost nine straight meetings with the Buckeyes since a 29-17 win at the Horseshoe on Oct. 14, 2000.


And his play on the court so far has been worthy of the endless attention and adulation.We went 10 on Wednesday and Thursday and will have our biggest play of the season, our 8-Unit Big Ten Game of the Year, on Saturday.The over under was set at 8.Mike Moustakas is a .421 hitter with two home runs off Quintana.
The under is 7 in the Bucks' past seven after a win.During this event lane closure, right turns from southbound Woodward Avenue onto the southbound I-75 service drive will be prohibited, in addition to right turns already prohibited at Sproat and Henry Streets.Stopping the run game is a mindset, Joseph said.The Packers are 14 ATS against teams with a winning record, but they are 0 ATS on the road.Judge had been tied with Adam Dunn at 32 before fanning once in http://www.carolinapantherslockerroom.com/mario-addison-jersey-wholesale Wednesday's win over the Mets.
It was great man, we needed that from him, safety D.J.Clemson plays Akron on Monday http://www.officialpacersonlineshops.com/Authentic-Domantas-Sabonis-Jersey to start the Cayman Islands Classic.He has 12 goals this year with 49 shots on goal, giving him a shooting percentage of 25%.Justin Jackson averages 15 points per Domantas Sabonis Youth Jersey game while playing 29 minutes per contest this year for the Tar Heels.
Despite the success, though, Asmussen has finished second and third in the Kentucky Derby but has never won it.As a unit, New York has given up 8 base hits per nine innings while striking out 8 hitters per nine.


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I found these in my Grandmother's things and I'm wondering if you might know what they are?
I've attached a photo. One is a simple circle with a cross and the other is a gold star with an M.
Simon Says: I enlarged your photo a little bit, Teresa so it is a little easier to see the details.
As intricate as the larger piece is, I'm sure it has a story to tell.
The hexagram (or 6 pointed star) is known as The Star of David. In Hebrew, it is known as the Shield of David or Magen David, which in modern Hebrew is pronounced as maˈɡen daˈvid or as Mogein Dovid ˈmɔɡeɪn ˈdɔvid.
The Shield of David is a generally recognized symbol of Jewish identity and Judaism, much as the cross is generally recognized as a symbol of Christianity.
Does anyone else have pieces of jewelry like this, or can you tell Teresa anything about these?
Magen David With An "M"...Obvious or Symbolic?
Don't overlook the possibly obvious. If your grandmother's name or an ancestor of her started with an "M" that could explain it, especially if it's a custom made piece.
It could have deeper symbolic meaning. The letter "M" in Greek, which is also the number 12. The hexagram "Star of David" became the Jewish symbol. Perhaps it represents the 12 tribes if Israel.
Anthropologists claim that the triangle pointing downward represents female sexuality, and the triangle pointing upward, male sexuality; thus, their combination symbolizes unity and harmony. In alchemy, the two triangles symbolize *"fire" and *"water"; together, they represent the reconciliation of opposites.
The earliest known Jewish use of the hexagram was as a seal in ancient Israel (6th century B.C.E.) and then eight centuries later [c. 200 AC] in a *synagogue frieze in Capernaum. But these early hexagrams may have been only ornamental designs. ?
In the Middle Ages, hexagrams appear frequently on churches, but rarely in synagogues or on Jewish ritual objects. It was the menorah that served as the primary Jewish symbol from antiquity until the post-Renaissance period, not the "Jewish star."
Although scholars have attempted to trace the Star of David back to King David himself, no Jewish literature or artifacts document this claim. Rather, all evidence suggests that the early use of the hexagram was limited to "practical" Cabbala.
In another alleged alchemy symbolism, the angel pointed down represents God?s reaching down to man and the upward point symbolizes man reaching out to God.
Ultimately, symbols are highly interpretive to the individual person. It might mean one thing to me, but a another thing to you. Also, symbols can have literal or mystic meaning. They can simply be figures of speech.
Whatever its purpose is, it's lovely.
Simon Says: All true, Faithful Witness. You're definitely up on your knowledge of history!
For those who are unfamiliar with the word, "Cabbala", which Faithful Witness mentioned, which is also spelled as Kabballah, Kabala, Qabala, or Qabbalah, it is an esoteric (mystical) theosophy of rabbinical origin based on the Hebrew scriptures that was developed between the 7th and 18th centuries.


It is so wonderful to have and be able to walk so much. There is no humidity, it is maybe 65 or so degrees with just the slightest, most perfect breeze, and it feels as if we walked miles today. Past the Rialto, we came to the Saturday fish market which was unbelievable and which also boasted a sizable produce area. Razor clams, granchi crabs, sepia leaking their ink all over the ice, eels, and a huge array of fish as far as our eyes could see. We bought a huge vat of fresh sundried tomatoes and the makings for a pasta with sofrito and bottarga we'll enjoy tonight. The boys ate, ate some more, and we hit the water, riding a tragetto gondola across a canal and taking a vaporetto home later.
When we finally made it back to the apartment, I cooked up the gorgeous array of veggies I bought yesterday. I braised the baby carciofi (artichokes) in oil with garlic, then added in the zucchini and finally the squash blossoms and radicchio. Meanwhile I reduced some balsamic to drizzle over afterwards. Perfection!


"Half-head man" accused of attempted murder, arson in Miami. Carlos A man with a deformed skull who was widely known as the "Half-Head Man" was arrested in Founded: Sep 18, Oct 20, · Carlos Rodriguez was a viral sensation a few years ago because he has half a head from a driving accident. Man with half a head explains how he got bizarre injury after crashing Police released these mind-bending mugshots 18 months Part of the Daily Mail.


text:
学術情報
(¥) JPY
PE/Dazzle™ 594 anti-human IL-22 Antibody
2G12A41 (See other available formats)
IL22, IL-D110, IL-TIF, ILTIF, MGC79382, MGC79384, TIFIL-23, TIFa, zcyto18
Human PBMCs were stimulated with PMA and Ionomycin in the presence of Brefeldin A for 6 hours. Cells were surface stained with anti-human CD4 FITC. After fixation and permeabilization cells were stained with anti-human IL-22 (clone 2G12A41) PE/Dazzle™ 594 (left) or mouse IgG2a, κ PE/Dazzle™ 594 isotype control (right).
Compare all formats See PE/Dazzle™ 594 spectral data
366715 25 tests ¥35,000
366716 100 tests ¥73,000
IL-22 is a cytokine that is structurally related to IL-10. Originally identified as a murine gene induced by IL-9 in T and mast cells, IL-22 was initially designated ILTIF, also known as the IL-10-related T cell-derived inducible factor. IL-22 belongs to a family of cytokines with limited homology specifically to IL-10, IL-19, IL-20, IL-24, IL-26, the IFN-λs, IL-28A, IL-28B, and IL-29. Human IL-22 shares 79% amino acid identity with murine IL-22 and 25% identity with human IL-10. IL-22 biological activity is initiated by binding to a cell surface complex composed of IL-22R1 and IL-10R2 receptor chains. Its activity is further regulated through interactions with the soluble binding protein, IL-22BP, which shares sequence similarity with an extracellular region of IL-22R1 (sIL-22R1). Both chains of the IL-22R complex belong to the class II cytokine receptor family. Two types of IL-22 binding receptors have been discovered: a membrane-bound receptor and a soluble receptor that are encoded by different genes. IL-22 is produced by Th17 cells and Th22 cells. The use of Iscove's Modified Dulbecco's Medium (IMDM) will result in better in vitro Th17 polarization. It plays a critical role in mucosal immunity in addition to the deregulated inflammation observed in autoimmune diseases.
Full length recombinant protein expressed in E. Coli.
Phosphate-buffered solution, pH 7.2, containing 0.09% sodium azide and 0.2% (w/v) BSA (origin USA)
The antibody was purified by affinity chromatography and conjugated with PE/Dazzle™ 594 under optimal conditions.
Each lot of this antibody is quality control tested by intracellular immunofluorescent staining with flow cytometric analysis. For flow cytometric staining, the suggested use of this reagent is 5 µL per million cells in 100 µL staining volume or 5 µL per 100 µL of whole blood. It is recommended that the reagent be titrated for optimal performance for each application.
* PE/Dazzle™ 594 has a maximum excitation of 566 nm and a maximum emission of 610 nm.
Cytokine.
Thymic lymphomas, T cells, activated T cells, macrophages, mast cells, and Th17.
Enhances the production of acute phase proteins in HepG2 cells and promotes Th17 cells to trasmigrate through the blood-brain barrier in multiple sclerosis.
IL-22 receptor.
IL-22R1 and IL-10R2 receptor chains.
Embryonic Stem Cells, Macrophages, Mast cells, T cells, Th17
Immunology, Stem Cells
1. Nagalakshmi ML, et al. 2004. Int. Immunopharmacol. 5:679.
2. Kebir H,, et al. 2007. Nat. Med. 13:1173.
3. Gu Y, et al. 2008. Eur. J. Immunol. 38:1807.
4. Pene Y, et al. 2008. J. Immunol. 180:7423.
5. Dumotier L, et al. 2000. J. Immune 164:1814.
6. Xie MH, et al. 2000. J. Biol. Chem. 40:31335.
7. Kotenko SV, et al. 2001. J. Immunol. 166:7096.
8. Chung Y, et al. 2006. Cell Res. 11:902.
9. Trifari S, et al. 2009. Nat. Immunol. 10:864.
View information about IL-22 on UniProt.org
Intracellular Flow Cytometry Staining Protocol
T Follicular Helper Cell Pathway
PE/Dazzle™ 594 Conjugates
View All IL-22 Reagents Request Custom Conjugation
日本版法規制関連情報


Mr. Terry L. Walker is Independent Director of First Merchants Corporation. Mr. Walker is the retired Chair and CEO of Muncie Power Products, Inc. ("Muncie Power"), which is headquartered in Muncie, Indiana, where FMC's principal office is located. Muncie Power and its parent, Interpump Group, S.p.A., an Italy-based public company, are the world's largest manufacturer of power take-offs. They serve the truck equipment market by manufacturing and distributing mobile power components and systems, including hydraulic gear pumps, hydraulic reservoirs and other specialty products in addition to power take-offs. Mr. Walker retired from Muncie Power in December 2011, after serving seven years as the CEO and 34 years as an executive employee of that company. Mr. Walker is a certified public accountant and was a member of the accounting firm, Whitinger & Company, before joining Muncie Power. Mr. Walker chairs the Board's Nominating and Governance Committee, and he also serves on the Board's Risk and Credit Policy Committee.


text:
AMERICA FIRST NEWS
INSPIRATIONAL CHRISTIAN BLOGS SITE LISTING
NATIONAL WAR COUNCIL
THE NATIONAL WAR COUNCIL
General Michael Flynn
BIBLICAL ANSWERS
BIBLE STUDY / DEVOTIONALS
LGBT/TRANSGENDER
PROPHECY/END TIMES
WATCHMEN ON THE WALL
SUPPORT A FREE USA!
SO-MED TERRORISM
WEATHER/NATURAL DISASTERS
TCP DIGITAL PUBLISHING
TCP NEWSLETTER
U.S. NEWS In the Wake of Attack on GOP, Democrat Operative says it's Time...
In the Wake of Attack on GOP, Democrat Operative says it's Time to #HuntRepublicans
Like the post? Why not make it Facebook official. ⇊
By TCP News Staff
If you think that it's only the "fringe" liberals who were happy to hear of the attempted GOP massacre in Arlington, Virginia on Wednesday, you'd be wrong.
Fellow patriots, please listen to this short, inspiring message from General Flynn. General Michael Flynn exemplifies patriotism, courage, and love of God and country - despite some of his own countrymen relentlessly attacking him. Donations for his defense are greatly appreciated. If you can only give $5.00, please do so - every little bit helps. Thank you so much, and God bless. Letter from General Flynn.
Will Donald Trump Remain President?
Already in the hours after the attack we've seen social media exulting in the attack with thousands of liberals making comments that range from saying that the GOP "deserves" the violence, to happiness that someone "finally" did something. I'm not kidding – read here, here, here, and here.
There has also been an uptick in threats made toward Republican leaders across the country. (See here, here, and here.)
Celebrities have been getting in on the act too: See for yourself here, and here.
Sadly, it's not just the crazies who are threatening the violence. Think about all of the protesting and violent rioting that we've witnessed in recent months. This isn't just one or two people on the fringe engaging in psychotic behavior. We have seen groups of tens, and hundreds violently demonstrating in communities across the nation, from Oregon, to Wisconsin, to New York. The violent anger percolating just under the liberal surface is palpable, it's as if we can feel the heat rising from the seething masses of liberal activists… and that anger could explode at any second.
Even supposedly "normal" liberal leaders like Orange County, California's Jeff LeTourneau seem ready to violently respond to the next conservative they run across.
Or how about this Democrat Party operative from Union County, New Jersey who, speaking about the mass shooting in Alexandria, told his Democrat friends that it was time to #HuntRepublicans? James Devine has been working in New Jersey politics for a very long time but his recent posts on Facebook and Twitter are earning him the most attention he's ever received.
In the wake of the shooting in Alexandria, Devine took to Facebook where he wrote:
"I have little sympathy for the Republican Congressman who got shot today because he viciously opposed President Obama's effort to reduce gun violence and instead, he accepted more gun lobby money than all but 15 other members of the House of Representatives."
On Twitter Devine further added:
He also attacked the victim, Congressman Steve Scalise (R-LA) by implying that Scalise got what he deserved because he spoke to racists.
To be clear – Scalise did NOT know that he was speaking to a racist organization. He was told that it was a group of Louisiana business leaders, not that it was a David Duke tied racist organization. This slanderous lie that Devine tells has been debunked so many times that it's ridiculous that he even brings it up, let alone that he uses it as some kind of vindication of the attempted assassin.
Devine has faced a lot of pushback since posting these comments but he told a New Jersey radio station that he's not apologizing and that he meant every word.
"It is insensitive and I don't care. You want me to be politically correct? I don't have time for that anymore.
I'm not going to shy away from harsh rhetoric. We have a president elected largely by people who were tired of politicians who shied away from harsh rhetoric. I don't think it's appropriate; I'd much rather have a rational and reasonable debate. But we can't have that.
I'm not apologizing if it offended snowflake Republicans."
In fact, while not apologizing, Devine actually argues that Republicans brought the attack (and possibly more attacks to come) on themselves, by defending the Constitution. Yes, Devine connected his commentary to Senator Rand Paul (R-KY) arguing that the 2nd Amendment was about citizens defending themselves from a tyrannical government. He then said that the Republican agenda of smaller government (non-socialist healthcare, voter ID laws, and fewer gun control laws) was his idea of "tyranny." Yes, the ignorant fool tried to argue that less government control was TYRANNY!
But he doesn't want people to think he was advocating violence, by saying HUNT REPUBLICANS just hours after a madman tried to shoot a bunch of them with a rifle. No, he was only trying to be shocking.
"I abhor all political violence. It has no place in our American democracy. And my prayers go out to the congressman, to the police officers and the other people who were wounded. It was a terrible, terrible tragedy, as are all senseless acts of violence."
Rahway, NJ Republican Chairman Patrick Cassio may have had the most insightful thoughts about Devine's horrific comments, "This could have been a massacre and this nut is going to say that?" Cassio also added that Devine "is saying is no different than what the shooter was saying." Exactly.
In fact, this is the point isn't it? The things that the Alexandria, Virginia shooter were saying are the same exact things that many Democrat pundits are saying on TV every day. They call Trump a fascist. They say the GOP is destroying the Republic. They argue that Trump and Republicans are an existential threat to the future of America. If Democrats really believe that, like Devine and the Arlington shooter, then of course they're going to get violent. Of course they're going to start killing us.
The Democrat Party needs to wake up.
Donald Trump is a moderate Republican (who's actually got some pretty liberal ideas), and the federal government is still operating as it should. The Judiciary is independent, the legislature has intense debate, and President Trump has done nothing to cause the kind of "sky is falling" rhetoric that we are seeing on the left.
There is no reason for liberals to be this angry.
None at all.
Republished with permission Constitution.com
TCP News Staff
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text:
"""The deferred instance delete extension."""

import webob

from nova.api.openstack import common
from nova.api.openstack import extensions
from nova.api.openstack import wsgi
from nova import compute
from nova import exception
from nova.policies import deferred_delete as dd_policies

class DeferredDeleteController(wsgi.Controller):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(DeferredDeleteController, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.compute_api = compute.API()

    @wsgi.response(202)
    @extensions.expected_errors((403, 404, 409))
    @wsgi.action('restore')
    def _restore(self, req, id, body):
        """Restore a previously deleted instance."""
        context = req.environ["nova.context"]
        context.can(dd_policies.BASE_POLICY_NAME)
        instance = common.get_instance(self.compute_api, context, id)
        try:
            self.compute_api.restore(context, instance)
        except exception.InstanceUnknownCell as error:
            raise webob.exc.HTTPNotFound(explanation=error.format_message())
        except exception.QuotaError as error:
            raise webob.exc.HTTPForbidden(explanation=error.format_message())
        except exception.InstanceInvalidState as state_error:
            common.raise_http_conflict_for_instance_invalid_state(state_error,
                    'restore', id)

    @wsgi.response(202)
    @extensions.expected_errors((404, 409))
    @wsgi.action('forceDelete')
    def _force_delete(self, req, id, body):
        """Force delete of instance before deferred cleanup."""
        context = req.environ["nova.context"]
        instance = common.get_instance(self.compute_api, context, id)
        context.can(dd_policies.BASE_POLICY_NAME,
                    target={'user_id': instance.user_id,
                            'project_id': instance.project_id})
        try:
            self.compute_api.force_delete(context, instance)
        except (exception.InstanceNotFound,
                exception.InstanceUnknownCell) as e:
            raise webob.exc.HTTPNotFound(explanation=e.format_message())
        except exception.InstanceIsLocked as e:
            raise webob.exc.HTTPConflict(explanation=e.format_message())


text:
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Adjusted Business Services North of Boston
Visit in Your Language
Our Cities & Towns
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Sierra Hull
« The Glass Menagerie, by Tennessee Williams
CAM Kids: Second Saturdays »
"I think she's endless. I don't see any boundaries. Talent like hers is so rare, and I don't think it stops. It's round." – Allison Kraus.
Sierra Hull, the singer, mandolinist and former child prodigy who signed with Rounder at age 13 and distinguished herself by becoming the first bluegrass musician to receive a Presidential Scholarship to the prestigious Berklee College of Music, released 'Weighted Mind,' her first new album in five years, on January 29, 2016.
Though she is best known for her work as a mandolin player, Hull reveals in these songs her abundant gifts as a composer and lyricist.
$23.00 Members, Students and Seniors
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Quick Win Of Using GS1 Standards!
Every new applicant to GS1 Malaysia membership is recommended to submit their product listing together with their application form. This allows them to participate in the newly launched GS1 Malaysia Member Product Databank.
What are the benefits of participation in this databank?
What do I need to do to participate in this databank?
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All Contents Copyright © GS1 MALAYSIA BERHAD 2015-2017. All Rights Reserved.


New Balance is another titan of industry that has decided to enter the golf business. They're historically associated with high performance running shoes. Above most other companies they're especially loved by long distance runners and ultra marathoners – due to their durability and max comfort. If you're in the market for golf shoes that prioritize comfort above all else, these are among the best golf shoes you can buy. New Balance isn't going to wow you with eye popping style, straps, and space shoes (e.g. Rickie Fowler's Pumas), but they will keep your feet cozy and comfortable for 36 holes. When you consider the price, the New Balance 574 LX golf shoes are some of the best golf shoes for the money.
The New Balance 574 LX golf shoe is made from high quality water-proof leather. In addition to the waterproof leather, this golf shoes also boasts waterproof mesh fabrics. This dual attack on moisture keeps your feet dry during wet and slushy conditions even on the most brutal days. As we indicated above, New Balance has been in he business of making quality shoes for a long time. They essentially took the time-tested waterproof technology from their beloved running shoes and applied it to golf. These golf shoes will definitely keep your feet dry.
The New Balance 574 LX golf shoes are specifically created for maximum comfort and stability. These golf shoes have been designed for your foot to sit a bit closer to the ground. This gives you more feel when swinging and a more stable platform for pushing against gravity. A stiff and hard sole prevents you from using the unique contours of your feet to improve balance. With these golf shoes, you won't have to worry about that at all. Additionally, these golf shoes have six spikes to prevent your feet from slipping in the rain. If you pay attention to the design, you'll also notice a little extra rubber and grip on the toe of the golf shoe. This addition protects the golf shoe on your follow through when your trail toe digs into the ground. It also provides you with a little more grip. A welcomed addition.
The New Balance 574 LX golf shoes have staying power in terms of their design. Like most New Balance shoes, these are designed with clean lines and a classic look. You really can't tell which decade they come out of and thats a good thing. If you're looking for something classic you can try them in all grey, and if you're looking for a little more flare you can purchase them in tan or black and red. When these golf shoes were first released they only had two colors, which was a bit of a drawback. New Balance has since corrected this error and offers a ton of color choices these days.
The New Balance 574 LX golf shoes are shoes that you'll want to wear in public when you're done with your round. New Balance has been a titan in the running shoe business for a reason. They make comfortable shoes that are durable and stand the test of time. Nothing has changed and these golf shoes carry with them the principles that has made New Balance a household name. These golf shoes are incredibly comfortable, stable, and waterproof. With the addition of the new color options, they are some of the best golf shoes available and near the very top of our list. And before we forget, these golf shoes are more affordable than the competition making them some of the best golf shoes for the money.


text:
Saroyan Ülkesi (turc), Saroyan Land (anglès) o País de Saroyan és una pel·lícula documental sobre el viatge del 1964 que va fer l'escriptor estatunidenc William Saroyan (1908-1981) a Bitlis, la ciutat dels seus ancestres, a Turquia. La pel·lícula va ser dirigida per Lüsin Dink, directora que pertany a la comunitat armenia turca, i va ser rodada parcialment a Istanbul i la resta entre Trebisonda i Bitlis. Dink va preparar el guió segons els escrits de Saroyan, nascut als Estats Units (el 1908) i que no va anar a Turquia fins al 1964. Saroyan Ülkesi va fer el seu debut mundial en el 32e Festival Internacional de Cinema d'Istanbul del 2013. La pel·lícula va guanyar el Premi "Albercoc d'Argent" en la categoria "Panorama d'Armènia" del Festival Internacional de Cine Albercoc d'Or a Armènia i fou presentada en la secció "Open Doors" del Festival de Locarno, també del 2013.

Vegeu també
 Cinema turc

Referències

Enllaços externs
 Saroyan Ülkesi/Saroyan Land a l'IMDb

Pel·lícules en anglès
Pel·lícules en turc
Pel·lícules de Turquia
Pel·lícules del 2012
Documentals

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Any student who plants to attend a specialized high school in NYC has to rock the Specialized High Schools Admissions Test (SHSAT). These ten tips will help test-takers get ready for top scores!
Based on how the specialized high schools were created, the only admission criterion for new students is high scores on the SHSAT. These schools aren't allowed to consider additional factors, so the only way to get in is to achieve a great SHSAT result is above that school's cutoff score. In some ways, this admissions policy makes sense and equalizes the playing field, but it also amps up pressure for students to get an awesome score.
Before jumping in with studying, students should make sure they understand what's on the test. Over the two and a half hour exam, test-takers must answer questions on various math topics and reading comprehension passages, unscramble scrambled paragraphs, and complete ten logical reasoning questions. This means students must be strong in both math and language arts skills, or else they can't achieve a top score.
While some of the math topics on the SHSAT are pretty standard, the scrambled paragraphs and logical reasoning questions might be new to some students. Definitely make time to sit down and practice these areas, because they count for a lot of the verbal section.
Since students pace themselves on the exam, there's no suggested time for the reading passages and their paired questions. Finding ways to shave off minutes here will open up time for tougher parts of the exam, so test-takers should practice going through reading comprehension passages. Techniques including looking for key words/transition words, making note of important points, and reading questions first can help save time.
There is no guessing penalty on the SHSAT, so test-takers need to choose an answer for each question. Leaving even a single question blank means missing out on a potential score boost.
The entire SHSAT takes around two and a half hours, but students must pace themselves through each section. They'll make it through the exam by spending about 1.5 minutes on each question, but that's just a benchmark. Having a watch and making smart decisions about the time left is key on test day.
The SHSAT tests many topics, and not every student will be strong in each area. Go through practice problems and see which of the following skills need improvement: algebra, factoring, substitution, geometry, basic graphic, and logic. Spend extra time on the tough stuff.
In addition to many math topics, the SHSAT requires students to answer complicated word problems. A great way to get ready for these questions is to pick up a challenging math problem book and work through a few every day.
Nothing's better than taking real, timed practice exams and seeing scores for each section. That's the best way to target areas of improvement.
Whether it's taking practice tests, working through questions, or reviewing topic lists, any test prep students do will reveal weak spots. These are the areas to fix up before test day, and they're extra important as students try to reach a top score. Once students start building up these areas methodically, they'll be closer to a good score.
Are You Considering Test Prep for the Specialized High School Exam?
Preparation for the SHSAT does not have to be daunting and exasperating; instead, it can represent an important opportunity along a student's path to learning mastery. Indeed, the perspectives and abilities acquired during preparation can be transformative and last a lifetime.
Our two-track approach to mastering content and improving test-taking skills means that students will not only thoroughly understand the fundamental concepts and skills tested by the Specialized High School Exam, but they will also excel in using essential techniques to improve attitude, endurance and focus. Our students hone their independent thinking skills while developing a resilient mindset so they can perform on test day in a powerful, resourceful, creative and calm manner.
Please call 917.287.7927 now for a complimentary consultation to discuss how Origins Tutoring can help your child achieve his or her personal best on the Specialized High School exam.


I had a dressage lesson on Saturday (a great one I might add - 2 major breakthroughs!) But something wasn't right. Pepper and Blue John were laying almost side by side (!) asleep (I hoped!) in the warm sun.
They were down like this for about 15 minutes from when I first spotted them. Then, finally, Pepper clambered up to his feet, Blue John caught a few more zzzzz's then he was up to. Smart boys- they took advantage of a nearly perfect day, Sunday we finally got the rain we've been needing so badly.


You've probably heard a colleague or family friend gushing about the amazing time they spent in Croatia, and it turns out, they're not wrong either. The once war-torn country has shot up the leaderboard of countries to visit in 2019, boasting an extremely popular holiday destination for those who want a tropical yet cultural experience all in one. The incredible old town of Dubrovnik gained it's fame from the cult series Game of Thrones, and it's clear to see why. The city is guarded by fortress walls, and within the big gates are houses with the most magnificent orange-tinged roofs. It's a throwback in time which will see you become lost within its hundreds of laneways, nooks and crannies. When you're not on the mainland, the best way to experience the country is by boat. Traveling on a boat is of the best things you will ever do (coming from someone who's done this trip!). The mountainous landscapes roll into the deepest blues of the Adriatic Sea whilst you float on by small coastal towns which offer the best of hospitality and cuisine. You can dock off on one of the beautiful islands like Hvar, Mljet or Korcula. It is one of the most versatile European countries. Endless waterfalls and national park, dappled gems of history and lovely locals; Croatia has to be one of the best places to visit in 2019.
If you're one who loves to travel to Thailand or Bali, why not give stunning Laos a go? Given the title of the most ethnically diverse region in Southeast Asia, Laos is home to an incredible landscape which is matched by its cultural charm and charisma. There's over 20 ethnic minority groups who live in the mountains, each group creating their own unique textiles and totems for you to collect over your travels. The country is versatile in its adventures which await you: from hiking to tubing down rivers, the land and lakes boast an undeniably fun time ahead. Tubing is the most fond pastime for tourists. Simply hire an old tractor tyre and float down one of the incredibly beautiful rivers, stopping off along the way to play volleyball, drink with the locals and dance on the banks. The waterfalls are extremely photogenic, too. And if you love food you're in for a treat, with Laos home to an abundant mix of French and local cuisine thanks to an early European colony leaving their mark on the country. Reconnect with your spiritual side as Laos is also known for its golden temples and unique worship spots. The Pha That Luang temple (which is also the national symbol of the country) is said to house the hair and a small bone from Buddha, making it an incredibly special place for Buddhists to visit.
If you're a fan of music, wine and culture, then this might be the place for you. Argentina is a place abundant with life, colour and colliding landscapes. From bustling cities to actual icebergs (who would've thought?), this country offers a unique trip to those who are willing to experience South America in a different way. Some of the most fascinating places in the natural world call Argentina home, including the breathtaking Andes mountain ranges and Iguazu Falls, which kind of looks like the earth has cracked in two and a magnificent waterfall system is filling up the gorge. If you travel south towards the border of Chile, you will find yourself in an awe-inspiring location- The Perito Moreno Glacier, which some tourists gladly label as one of the most beautiful and thought provoking sites in the globe. The heart of the city in Buenos Aires pumps with excitement and animation. You've got endless options to explore, be it the local marketplace, a tango class or tasting the incredible barbecued meat platters. Argentina is an incredibly diverse and spirited location which would definitely feed an adventurous soul.
The island pulls you into its magical charm as soon as you arrive. Instantaneous scents of fresh vanilla, ylang-ylang flower and cloves fill the air at Reunion Island, located just off the coast of Madagascar and floating carelessly in the Indian ocean. The French colonised island is an outstanding place to visit if you're up for a bit of tropical relaxation which isn't packed with tourists. Unlike Mauritius, Fiji or Seychelles, Reunion Island has a vast array of tricks up its sleeve, hiding away volcanos, waterfalls and plantations from first impressions. On arrival, you can expect to be handed beautiful samples of wine, vanilla and fish. The cuisine is a mix of French inspired Caribbean and Indian, but Reunion is best known for its Bourbon Vanilla, a strain of the vanilla plant which only grows on the island. If you fancy a unique way of seeing things, helicopter tours often run over the still active Piton de la Fournaise volcano, which still spits and churns its fiery belly every other month. The Langevin Waterfalls are truly spectacular, like something from a fairytale. And if you're still up in that helicopter, check out the awesome Takamaka Waterfall by air. It's more than just a beach holiday, Reunion Island offers unbelievable views and cuisine which is hard to be matched.


text:
Roger Federer At Wimbledon
Why We're Predicting A Federer Comeback
Van Sias
Show up in pants and a blazer, walk away with a title.
That's how easy it seemed to be for Roger Federer at the most prestigious event in professional tennis, Wimbledon. Because if there was ever a sure thing in the game in the millennium's first decade, it was Fed seeing his name etched on the side of the big gold trophy.
And now that he's headed for the final, we're feeling optimistic about his odds of winning again — and reclaiming the No. 1 place in tennis.
The Swiss superstar won five titles in a row, from 2003 to '07, before seeing his streak halted by longtime rival Rafael Nadal in a five-set classic in '08. Federer came back to win the title in 2009 and it seemed as though another five in a row was a possibility.
But then came a loss to Tomas Berdych in the 2010 quarterfinals. "Everyone's due for a fluke loss" was the prevailing thought among tennis observers around the world.
That is, until 2011 came around and Federer once again lost at the quarterfinal stage, this time to Jo-Wilfried Tsonga after being in the winning position of two sets to none. Another thought sprouted then among the game's fans:
That loss to Tsonga was the latest in a line of odd defeats in Grand Slam play for arguably the greatest player in history. There was the five-set loss in the semifinals of the U.S. Open in 2010 to Novak Djokovic, followed by a straight-sets loss to him at the 2011 Australian Open. Federer turned the tables on Djokovic at the French Open that year in the semifinals, but then he was handled by Nadal in the finals. Then loss to Tsonga at Wimbledon was followed by another five-set defeat at the hands of Djokovic at the U.S. Open.
Federer didn't win the Australian Open this year, or the French. He's actually gone more than two years without winning a Grand Slam title — a stat that almost seems unfathomable considering the rate he was racking up the big ones. But if there's any place and any time for Roger to break that winless streak (and bear in mind, 99.8% of the players on the ATP World Tour would love to have such a burden), it's at this year's Wimbledon.
This is despite the fact that Federer's coming off a surprise loss in the finals at his only grass-court warm-up event in Halle, Germany — at a venue where they named a street after him, no less!
Throughout his career, the grass-court season has always been Roger's time to shine, and his feats on grass are legendary. He's won more titles on the turf than any male in the Open Era.
And before that loss in the '08 Wimbledon finals to Rafa, Federer had won 65 matches in a row on grass, an all-time record. In other words, the kid who won the boys' event at the All-England Club back in 1998, and then famously shocked seven-time Wimbledon winner Pete Sampras in the fourth round in 2001, has done more than enough to justify the hype that surrounded him from an early age.
Plus, when handicapping his chances at the big W, it's hard to discount the form Federer's actually in. Since that U.S. Open loss to Djokovic last year, no one's won more titles in the men's game. He took a break to recover from an injury and when he returned, he finished 2011 on a 17-match winning streak that included three tournament wins, among them the ATP World Tour Finals. That strong play has carried over this deep into the 2012 season where, after kicking off the year with back-to-back semifinal appearances at his first two tournaments, Fed-Ex soon went on another double-digit winning streak.
Technically, Federer's the most well-equipped player on tour to succeed on faster surfaces. He plays a more aggressive style than the two players ranked above him and he's probably the best volleyer in the men's game, which is the key to victory on grass courts: finishing the point at the net.
His serve, forehand, return and movement are all weapons. Throw in the versatility he brings with his backhand, where he can hit it with topspin or mix up the pace with a cutting slice, and it's no wonder Federer has accomplished what he has.
His time at the top isn't over. Motivation to prove the doubters wrong is an added incentive. Add to this the fact that the Olympics — which will be held at Wimbledon — are right around the corner and this could be a grass-court season for the ages.
Perhaps it'll be time to break out the blazer and pants once again.
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text:
Q: Show properties values in views in Spring MVC I'm struggling to make something veeery simple work. Everything I really need to do is to write a property value in a view, i.e.:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
    ...
    <base href="${properties.config.baseurl}" />
    ...
</head>
<body>
...
</body>
</html>

My Spring MVC configuration (relevant bit):
<bean id="properties" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean">
    <property name="locations">
        <list><value>/WEB-INF/config.properties</value></list>
    </property>
</bean>

<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    <property name="exposedContextBeanNames">
        <list><value>properties</value></list>
    </property>
</bean>

/WEB-INF/config.properties file:
config.baseurl = http://localhost:8080/

The view doesn't display anything at all (i.e. <base href="" />), can anyone explain to me why?
Thank you.

A: You need to use
${properties['config.baseurl']}

rather than
${properties.config.baseurl}

Otherwise it will try to navigate config.baseurl like a bean path, rather than as a string literal.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Click Here for Items Related To - Kingdom of Saxony
Kingdom of Saxony on: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Bing] [Yahoo] [DuckDuckGo] [Baidu]
The Kingdom of Saxony (german: Königreich Sachsen), lasting from 1806 to 1918, was an independent member of a number of historical confederacies in Napoleonic through post-Napoleonic Germany. The kingdom was formed from the
Electorate of Saxony The Electorate of Saxony, also known as Electoral Saxony (German: or ), was a territory of the Holy Roman Empire from 1356–1806. It was centered around the cities of Dresden, Leipzig and Chemnitz. In the Golden Bull of 1356, Emperor Charles ...
. From 1871, it was part of the
German Empire The German Empire (),Herbert Tuttle wrote in September 1881 that the term "Reich" does not literally connote an empire as has been commonly assumed by English-speaking people. The term literally denotes an empire – particularly a hereditary ...
. It became a free state in the era of
Weimar Republic The Weimar Republic (german: link=no, Weimarer Republik ), officially named the German Reich, was the government of Germany from 1918 to 1933, during which it was a Constitutional republic, constitutional federal republic for the first time in ...
in 1918 after the end of
World War I World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was List of wars and anthropogenic disasters by death toll, one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, ...
and the abdication of King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony. Its capital was the city of
Dresden Dresden (, ; Upper Saxon: ''Dräsdn''; wen, label= Upper Sorbian, Drježdźany) is the capital city of the German state of Saxony and its second most populous city, after Leipzig. It is the 12th most populous city of Germany, the fourth la ...
, and its modern successor state is the Free State of Saxony.
Napoleonic era and the German Confederation
Before 1806, Saxony was part of the
Holy Roman Empire The Holy Roman Empire was a Polity, political entity in Western Europe, Western, Central Europe, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, dissolution i ...
, a thousand-year-old entity that had become highly decentralised over the centuries. The rulers of the
House of Wettin The House of Wettin () is a dynasty of Germany, German monarch, kings, Prince Elector, prince-electors, dukes, and counts that once ruled territories in the present-day German states of Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia. The dynasty is one of ...
had held the title of elector for several centuries. When the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved in August 1806 following the defeat of Emperor Francis II by
Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...
at the Battle of Austerlitz, the electorate was raised to the status of an independent kingdom with the support of the
First French Empire The First French Empire, officially the French Republic, then the French Empire (; Latin: ) after 1809, also known as Napoleonic France, was the empire ruled by Napoleon Bonaparte, who established French hegemony over much of continental Eur ...
, then the dominant power in
Central Europe Central Europe is an area of Europe between Western Europe and Eastern Europe, based on a common History, historical, Society, social and cultural identity. The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) between Catholic Church, Catholicism and Protestanti ...
. The last elector of Saxony became King Frederick Augustus I. Following the defeat of Saxony's ally
Prussia Prussia, , Old Prussian: ''Prūsa'' or ''Prūsija'' was a Germans, German state on the southeast coast of the Baltic Sea. It formed the German Empire under Prussian rule when it united the German states in 1871. It was ''de facto'' dissolved ...
at the Battle of Jena in 1806, Saxony joined the
Confederation of the Rhine The Confederated States of the Rhine, simply known as the Confederation of the Rhine, also known as Napoleonic Germany, was a confederation of German client states established at the behest of Napoleon some months after he defeated Austrian E ...
, and remained within the Confederation until its dissolution in 1813 with Napoleon's defeat at the
Battle of Leipzig The Battle of Leipzig (french: Bataille de Leipsick; german: Völkerschlacht bei Leipzig, ); sv, Slaget vid Leipzig), also known as the Battle of the Nations (french: Bataille des Nations; russian: Битва народов, translit=Bitva ...
. Following the battle, in which Saxony – virtually alone of all the German states – had fought alongside the French, King Frederick Augustus I was deserted by his troops, taken prisoner by the Prussians, and considered to have forfeited his throne by the allies, who put Saxony under Prussian occupation and administration. This was probably more due to the Prussian desire to annex Saxony than to any crime on Frederick Augustus' part, and the fate of Saxony would prove to be one of the main issues at the
Congress of Vienna The Congress of Vienna (, ) of 1814–1815 was a series of international diplomatic meetings to discuss and agree upon a possible new layout of the European political and constitutional order after the downfall of the French Emperor Napoleon, ...
. In the end, 40% of the Kingdom, including the historically significant
Wittenberg Wittenberg ( , ; Low Saxon language, Low Saxon: ''Wittenbarg''; meaning ''White Mountain''; officially Lutherstadt Wittenberg (''Luther City Wittenberg'')), is the fourth largest town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Wittenberg is situated on the Ri ...
, home of the
Protestant Reformation The Reformation (alternatively named the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation) was a major movement within Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the Catholic Church and in ...
, was annexed by Prussia, but Frederick Augustus was restored to the throne in the remainder of his kingdom, which still included the major cities of
Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the Germany, German States of Germany, state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's L ...
. The Kingdom also joined the
German Confederation The German Confederation (german: Deutscher Bund, ) was an association of 39 predominantly German-speaking sovereign states in Central Europe. It was created by the Congress of Vienna in 1815 as a replacement of the former Holy Roman Empire, w ...
, the new organization of the German states to replace the fallen Holy Roman Empire.
Austro-Prussian War and the German Empire
During the 1866
Austro-Prussian War The Austro-Prussian War, also by many variant names such as Seven Weeks' War, German Civil War, Brothers War or Fraternal War, known in Germany as ("German War"), (; "German war of brothers") and by a variety of other names, was fought in 186 ...
, Saxony sided with
Austria The Republic of Austria, commonly just Austria, , bar, Östareich is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine States of Austria, states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, ...
, and the Saxon army was generally seen as the only ally to bring substantial aid to the Austrian cause, having abandoned the defense of Saxony itself to join up with the Austrian army in Bohemia. This effectiveness probably allowed Saxony to escape the fate of other north German states allied with Austria – notably the
Kingdom of Hanover The Kingdom of Hanover (german: Königreich Hannover) was established in October 1814 by the Congress of Vienna, with the restoration of George III of the United Kingdom, George III to his Hanoverian territories after the Napoleonic Wars, Napoleo ...
– which were annexed by Prussia after the war. The Austrians and French insisted as a point of honour that Saxony must be spared, and the Prussians acquiesced. Saxony nevertheless joined the Prussian-led North German Confederation the next year. With Prussia's victory over
France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...
in the Franco-Prussian War of 1871, the members of the Confederation were organised by
Otto von Bismarck Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (, ; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck, was a conservative German statesman and diplomat. From his origins in the upper class of J ...
, with William I as its emperor. John, as Saxony's incumbent king, had to accept the Emperor as
primus inter pares ''Primus inter pares'' is a Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium ...
, although he, like the other German princes, retained some of the prerogatives of a sovereign ruler, including the ability to enter into diplomatic relations with other states.
End of the kingdom
Wilhelm I's grandson Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated in 1918 as a result of a
revolution In political science, a revolution (Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic languages, Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known ...
set off in the days before Germany's defeat in
. King Frederick Augustus III of Saxony followed him into abdication and with an attempt to establish the Soviet Republic of Saxony, which formed around the cities of
. The revolution would eventually and swiftly get put down by the
Freikorps (, "Free Corps" or "Volunteer Corps") were Irregular military, irregular German and other European military volunteer units, or paramilitary, that existed from the 18th to the early 20th centuries. They effectively fought as mercenary or pri ...
. Within the newly formed
, on November 1, 1920, the Kingdom of Saxony would be reorganized into the Free State of Saxony
1831 Constitution
The 1831 Constitution of Saxony established the state as a parliamentary monarchy.
The king was named as head of the nation. He was required to follow the provisions of the constitution, and could not become the ruler of any other state (save by blood inheritance) without the consent of the Diet, or parliament. The crown was hereditary in the male line of the royal family through
agnatic primogeniture Primogeniture ( ) is the right, by law or custom, of the firstborn legitimate child to inherit the parent's entire or main estate in preference to shared inheritance among all or some children, any illegitimate child or any collateral relative ...
, though provisions existed allowing a female line to inherit in the absence of qualified male heirs. Added provisions concerned the formation of a regency if the king was too young or otherwise unable to rule, as well as provisions concerning the crown prince's education. Any acts or decrees signed or issued by the king had to be countersigned by at least one of his ministers, who thus took responsibility for them. Without the ministerial countersignature, no act of the king was to be considered valid. The king was given the right to declare any accused person innocent, or alternately to mitigate or suspend their punishment or pardon them (but not to increase penalties); such decrees did not require ministerial co-signature. He was also given supreme power over religious matters in Saxony. He appointed the president of the upper house of the Diet, together with a proxy from among three candidates suggested by that house, and appointed the president and proxy of the lower house, as well. (See below.) The king was given sole power to promulgate laws, and to carry them into effect, and only by his consent could any proposal for a law be advanced in the Diet. He equally had authority to issue emergency decrees and even to issue non-emergency laws that he found needful or "advantageous", though such instruments required the counter-signature of at least one of his ministers, and had to be presented to the next Diet for approval. He could not, however, change the constitution itself or the electoral laws in this manner. He was permitted to veto laws passed by the Diet (though he was required to give his reasons for so doing, in each instance), or to send them back with proposed amendments for reconsideration. He was permitted to issue extraordinary decrees to obtain money for state expenditures refused by the Diet, through the Supreme Court, though such decrees could only last for one year.Constitution of Saxony
Section 103. He was permitted to dissolve the Diet, though new elections for the lower house had to be held within six months; he was also permitted to convoke extraordinary sessions of the legislature at his discretion. From 1697 the Electors of Saxony became Catholic in order to accept the crowns of Poland and Lithuania, of which they were kings until 1763. The royal family remained
Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome , established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (Romulus and Remus, legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan c ...
, ruling over a domain that was 95%
Protestant Protestantism is a branch of Christianity Christianity is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism, monotheistic religion based on the Life of Jesus in the New Testament, life and Teachings of Jesus, teachings of Jesus, Jesus of Na ...
The ministry was defined in the constitution as consisting of six departments, all of which were made responsible to the Diet: *The Chief Court of Justice; *The Court of Finance; *The Office For the Affairs of the Interior; *The War Office; *The Ecclesiastical Court; *The Office of Foreign Affairs. Members of the ministry had the right to appear in either chamber of the Diet at will, and there to participate in debate, but upon a division of the house they had to withdraw.
A Bill of Rights was included in the constitution. It incorporated: *Protections for "liberty of person and right over his own property is without limit except that which law and justice dictates" (Section 27); *The right of a citizen to choose any lawful profession and to emigrate so long as no military or civil obligations attached to them (Sections 28–29); *The right to be paid for expropriated property and to challenge the amount of payment set by the state in court (Section 31); *Liberty of conscience and religion (Section 32), though freedom of religion was limited to Christian churches recognized by the state (Section 56); *Equality for members of state-recognized religious organizations (Section 33); *Equality in eligibility for government employment (Section 34); *A limited freedom of the press, subject to legal restrictions (Section 35); *The right to appeal actions of government officials either to the courts or to the Diet itself (Section 36); *The right to directly appeal grievances to the King himself (Section 36); *Freedom from arbitrary arrest and punishment save through conviction in a court of law (Section 51); *No person was to be confined for more than 24 hours without being informed of the reason for his arrest (Section 51); *The right to be free of all taxes other than those prescribed by law or title (Section 37).
The Diet, or legislature was divided into two houses, which were constitutionally equal in their rights and status, and neither house was to meet without the other. The upper chamber consisted of the following: *All princes of the blood who were of legal age (defined as 19, in the constitution); *One deputy of the Archbishopric of Misnia; *The proprietor of the Principality of Wildenfels; *One deputy representing the five Schönburg family domains; *One deputy from the University of Leipzig, chosen by the professors of that institution; *The proprietor of the Barony of Königsbrück; *The proprietor of the Barony of Riebersdorf; *The minister of the
Lutheran Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and Protestant Reformers, reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Cathol ...
court chapel; *The
deacon A deacon is a member of the diaconate, an office in Christianity, Christian churches that is generally associated with service of some kind, but which varies among theological and denominational traditions. Major Christian churches, such as the ...
of the Cathedral of St. Peter in Budessen; *The superintendent of the town of
; *One deputy from the Lutheran Cathedral of Wurzen; *One deputy representing four other Schönburg family estates; *Twelve proprietors of manorial estates in the kingdom, possessed of a minimum income of at least $2000 per year from rentals, chosen for life from amongst themselves; *Ten more persons of the proprietary class, possessed of a minimum income of at least $4000 per year from rentals, chosen by the king for life; *The chief magistrate of
and Leipzig; *Six other town magistrates chosen by the king, with the provision that the monarch should try to see that all sections of the kingdom were represented. Members of this house held their seats so long as they remained qualified to do so under the constitution, or in certain cases until they had reached the age of sixty or participated in three sessions of the Diet. The lower house of the Diet consisted of: *Twenty proprietors of manorial estates, possessed of rental income of at least $600 per year; *Twenty-five deputies from towns; *Twenty-five deputies chosen from among the peasants; *Five representatives of trades and factories. A proxy was to also be chosen for each representative, who would take the representative's place, should they be incapacitated, absent, resign or be removed. Each representative was elected for nine years; however, approximately one-third were required to resign their seats every three years (the exact figures were set in the constitution, and determined by lot at the commencement of the first session of the Diet), though all were eligible for immediate re-election. The lower house was to nominate four members, of whom the king was to choose one to be president of that house, and another to be his proxy. Members of the Diet must be at least 30 years of age; electors must be 25 years of age, not have been convicted of any offense in a court of law, not have their personal estate financially encumbered in any way, and not be under guardianship. The Diet was required to consider any business laid before it by the king, before proceeding to any other business. Members were to vote their consciences, and were not to accept instructions from their constituents. Members were granted full freedom of speech in the chambers, but were not permitted to insult each other, the king, any member of the royal family, or the parliament. Members who violated any of these rules could be disciplined by their respective house, up to and including permanent expulsion with ineligibility for re-election. The Diet could propose the formation of new laws or changes in existing ones, but no bill could be brought forward without the king's express consent. Conversely, no new law could be enacted, without the Diet's consent. Bills could be passed by a simple one-third-plus-one vote in both houses of the Diet; a majority vote was not necessary in either house.Constitution of Saxony
Section 92. Any bill rejected or amended must contain a statement of why it was rejected or amended. No new taxes could be imposed without the Diet's consent, though the king was permitted to bypass this in certain instances. The parliament could impeach members of the ministry by unanimous vote of both houses; ministers so impeached were to be tried by a special court; the decision of this court was final, and even the king's right of pardon did not extend to persons convicted by it. In the wake of the tumultuous 1848 revolutions, Saxony's Landtag extended voting rights (though still maintaining property requirements) and abolished voting taxes. In 1871, Saxony was incorporated into the
and more voting rights were gradually extended. By the early 1900s, Saxony's local politics had settled into a niche in which Social Democrats, Conservatives, and National Liberals were splitting the share of votes and Landtag seats three ways. (In 1909: Social Democrats won 27% of seats, Conservatives won 31% of seats, National Liberals won 31% of seats). Voter participation was high (82% in 1909).
The judiciary was made independent of the civil government. The High Court of Judiciature, created in Sections 142 to 150, was also given authority to rule upon "dubious" points in the constitution; its decision was decreed to be final, and was protected from royal interference.
Constitution of Saxony
Section 153.
Administrative reorganisation
Following the adoption of the 1831 constitution, by the Order of April 6, 1835 District Directorates (Kreisdirektionen) were established. These were subsequently known as Kreishauptmannschafts. Originally there were four: * Kreishauptmannschaft Bautzen * Kreishauptmannschaft Dresden * Kreishauptmannschaft Leipzig * Kreishauptmannschaft Zwickau In 1900 a fifth was added: * Kreishauptmannschaft Chemnitz
Reichstag deputies 1867 to 1918
Following the North German Confederation Treaty the Kingdom of Saxony entered the North German Confederation in 1866. As a consequence, the Kingdom returned Deputies to the Reichstag. After the founding of the
on 18 January 1871, the deputies were returned to the Reichstag of the German Empire. Following this Saxony participated in Reichstag elections from February 1867. Zittau returned a series of Reichstag Deputies until 1919 when the existing constituencies were scrapped.
* Order of the Rue Crown * Coinage of Saxony * Royal Saxon Army
Constitution of the Kingdom of Saxony
(in German)
(in English) {{DEFAULTSORT:Saxony, Kingdom of
Kingdom of Saxony The Kingdom of Saxony (german: Königreich Sachsen), lasting from 1806 to 1918, was an independent member of a number of historical confederacies in French period, Napoleonic through German Confederation, post-Napoleonic Germany. The kingdom was ...
Former kingdoms Former countries in Europe
States of the German Confederation States of the German Empire
States of the North German Confederation
Saxony Saxony (german: Sachsen ; Upper Saxon German, Upper Saxon: ''Saggsn''; hsb, Sakska), officially the Free State of Saxony (german: Freistaat Sachsen, links=no ; Upper Saxon: ''Freischdaad Saggsn''; hsb, Swobodny stat Sakska, links=no), is a ...


text:
Campus Policies:
Take me to... Parking Regulations Animal/Pets on Campus Smokefree Campus Sexual Misconduct (Title IX) Substance Abuse Acceptable Use Policy: Digital Information Debts Owed to the College Disciplinary Action Social Media Guidelines Student Code of Conduct Accomodations for Students with Disabilities Crime Awareness Student Privacy Rights Instructional and Course Material Fees Complaint Procedures Nondiscrimination and Harassment Policy Freedom of Expression, Civility & Mutual Respect Grievances Academic Renewal, Probation and Dismissal Liability Notice Academic Honesty and Dishonesty Academic Policies and Standards FERPA Student Rights and Responsibilities Website Privacy Policy
Academic Policies and Standards
Academic Honesty and Dishonesty
Academic Renewal, Probation and Dismissal
Instructional and Course Material Fees
Accomodations for Students with Disabilities
Student Privacy Rights
Disciplinary Action
Debts Owed to the College
Liability Notice
Freedom of Expression, Civility & Mutual Respect
Nondiscrimination and Harassment Policy
Acceptable Use Policy: Digital Information
Smokefree Campus
Animal/Pets on Campus
A complete copy of the South Orange County Community College District Traffic & Parking Regulations (AR-3450) can be obtained at the Campus Police Station (CP 100), at the Administration Building (A 100).
Parking on campus is by permit only Monday through Sunday, seven (7) days a week, 24 hours a day. There is no beginning of semester waiver. Green-curbed (timed) parking areas do not require a permit. No overnight parking is allowed without approval from the Campus Police Department. Violation of this regulation may result in the vehicle being cited and/ or towed at the owner's expense. Students are reminded not to park in spaces marked for staff or in disabled spaces unless authorized.
There are disabled spaces in each parking lot. A valid campus student/ staff parking permit is required, in addition to the California Disabled Placard, to park in designated disabled spaces.
Citations are issued for violations of the District's traffic and parking regulations. Penalties range from $38.00 to $250.00, depending on the type of violation. An appeal process is available under CVC 40215(a), and instructions are printed on each citation.
Parking permits are required on the IVC and ATEP campuses 24 hours a day, seven (7) days a week. There is no beginning of semester waiver. Students may purchase parking permits when they register online or at a later time through MySite. Annual and semester permits for automobiles are not sold on campus. Parking permits purchased online will be mailed to students directly, and a temporary permit, which is valid for two weeks, is available once the order is placed. Parking permits must be displayed in the lower corner of the driver's side windshield. Permits are static cling and do not require permit hangers. Irvine Valley College semester or annual student parking permits are valid for student parking at Saddleback College and ATEP and in designated student parking areas for IVC classes at CSUF-Irvine. The South Orange County Community College District determines the cost of parking permits and the fees charged to purchase daily permits from dispensers.
Daily Permit Dispensers
Daily parking permit dispensers are located near the entrances to lots #2, #5, #8 and #10, and at the Irvine Valley entrance near the Performing Arts Center. When properly displayed, permits are valid in student parking only. If students experience any problems with a permit dispenser, they should contact 949-451-5234 for immediate assistance. IVC daily parking permits are valid at IVC and ATEP only, and are not valid at Saddleback College.
Lost or Stolen Permits
Students who lose their parking permit must go to the Parking Services Office to purchase a replacement. Stolen permits may be replaced at no cost with a copy of the police report from the department that took the report. It is a misdemeanor in California to falsify a police report.


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No Plans is the seventh studio album by Australian rock band Cold Chisel. It was released on 6 April 2012 and was the band's first studio album in 14 years. It features the final recorded performances by drummer Steve Prestwich, who died of a brain tumour in January 2011. The album peaked at number 2 on the Australian charts.

Album details
Work on the album began after the band reunited for a one-off gig in front of 50,000 people at a V8 Supercars event in Sydney in 2009. Singer Jimmy Barnes explained: "Even before the show, in the rehearsal period we all had a really great time and we thought maybe we should carry it on a bit. So we went into my studio at my house and did some writing and recording, without having any plans of doing anything with it."

With the death of Prestwich in January 2011, Charley Drayton became Cold Chisel's new drummer, with the band saying they wanted to continue with the plans they had made with Prestwich.

The album's closing song, "I Got Things To Do", was written by Prestwich and presented to the band in the early sessions for Barnes to sing. Barnes said: "I think somewhere in the demo process Steve put down his own version for his own benefit or archives, or it was to show me the melodies or something like that and we didn't think about it." The masters of the recordings were given to producer Kevin Shirley to mix in the United States and he produced a version with Prestwich performing lead vocals. "Don (Walker)'s listening to this mix and it sounded really good and he thought, 'Oh yeah, Jimmy will start singing in a second', and the sound of Steve's voice came out and it was one of those hair-on-the-back-of-the-neck standing up moments and we all got very emotional," Barnes said. "We thought, 'Well, that's the version we should put out'."

The album's cover art, by Sydney photographer Steve Baccon, is a homage to expatriate Australian landscape artist Jeffrey Smart, bearing a strong resemblance to his Cahill Expressway.

Critical reception
Reviewed at the time of release, TheMusic said, "the opener shows they are still a vital rock'n'roll band, while first single "Everybody" follows with a far more laidback gait, but is powerful in its own way; Barnes' vocal tackling Don Walker's biting lyrics with the right amount of venom. Of course it can't be long before a classy Chisel love song and "All For You" is no slouch in that department."

The Australian claimed, "the album's first notes consist of a Barnes vocal intro of such serrated intensity that the listener is left in no doubt, as Walker drily observed, that it's a new record by that band." Walker's song-writing that, "evokes so much with such apparent economy," was particularly praised.

The Sydney Morning Herald also noted the opening, "with Barnes screaming about smoking cigarettes and being a primate," but said, "However, it is musically that No Plans really excels. Cold Chisel plays direct, hard blues with a surprising amount of groove."

Track listing
All songs written by Don Walker, except as noted.

 "No Plans" – 2:36
 "Everybody" – 3:40
 "All For You" – 4:56
 "HQ454 Monroe" (Walker, Troy Cassar-Daley) – 3:10
 "Dead and Laid to Rest" (Jimmy Barnes, Guy Davies) – 4:30
 "Missing a Girl" – 3:25
 "Too Late" (Ian Moss) – 4:30
 "I Gotta Get Back on the Road" – 5:51
 "Our Old Flame" – 3:43
 "This Day" – 3:13
 "Summer Moon" – 4:30
 "The Horizon" – 4:37
 "I Got Things to Do" (Steve Prestwich) – 3:10

Personnel
Jimmy Barnes – lead vocals, backing vocals
Ian Moss – guitars, backing vocals, lead vocals ("Too Late", "Summer Moon")
Steve Prestwich – drums ("All For You", "HQ 454 Monroe", "Missing a Girl", "I Got Things To Do"), backing vocals, lead vocals ("I Got Things To Do")
Phil Small – bass, backing vocals
Don Walker – keyboards, piano, backing vocals
Charley Drayton – drums, backing vocals

Chart positions

Weekly charts

Year-end charts

Certifications

References

2012 albums
Cold Chisel albums


Friday night heralded the coming of Christmas for the Irish travel industry with 350 industry representatives enjoying the 25th Silver Jubilee Irish Travel Trade Awards Gala Dinner at the Clayton Hotel Burlington Road, Dublin 4, where Irish Travel Trade News launched its new company video.
The evening began with attendees being welcomed by Digital Fire Art performers and – yes, it's true! – walking, talking Christmas trees. At the end of the evening the guests were entertained by six musicians, Retrospect, followed by a DJ.
The evening was particularly good for the winners of 60 prizes awarded – the ITTN Industry Achievement Award, the ITTN Travel Agency of the Year Awards, the ITTN+EMIRATES Travel Photographer of the Year Awards, 26 Irish Travel Trade Awards, two ITTN Voter's Prizes, 19 Raffle Prizes including air tickets and holidays for two, and the Best Social Media Post prize.
Welcoming his guests, Ronan Flood, Managing Director, Advantage Group, publishers of Irish Travel Trade News and organisers of the Irish Travel Trade Awards, said: "These awards have always been a much sought after accolade by travel industry suppliers – because they are voted by you, Irish travel agents North and South, and because they are independently audited by Grant Thornton.
Sunway was a big winner this year, collecting three category awards for 'Best Sun Holiday Tour Operator', 'Best Long Haul Tour Operator', and 'Best Agency Friendly Company', while the newly introduced 'Best Adventure Holiday Tour Operator' was won by G Adventures, for which Sunway is a distributor in Ireland.
Lee Osborne, BookaBed, was declared 'Best Agent Friendly Individual', for the second year running, and the 'Best Newcomer' award was won by Classic Collection Holidays.
In other categories, Aer Lingus and Emirates each won two airline awards, Amazing Thailand retained its 'Best Asia / Pacific Destination' title, and long-time title-holder Topflight re-claimed the 'Best Ski Tour Operator' award from last year's surprise winner, Crystal Ski.
Irish Travel Trade News will be making a donation to its charity partner for 2016, Focus Ireland, from the proceeds of the event.