text:
✔ Hallowe'en Party
<< 1 ... 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 >>
'Naturally,' said Mrs Oliver, 'what else would you expect? Is he deafer or blinder or fatter or thinner?'
Poirot considered.
'He has lost a little weight. He wears spectacles for reading the paper. I do not think he is deaf, not to any noticeable extent.'
'And what does he think about it all?'
'You go too quickly,' said Poirot.
'And what exactly are you and he going to do?'
'I have planned my programme,' said Poirot. 'First I have seen and consulted with my old friend. I asked him to get me, perhaps, some information that would not be easy to get otherwise.'
'You mean the police here will be his buddies and he'll get a lot of inside stuff from them?'
'Well, I should not put it exactly like that, but yes, those are the lines along which I have been thinking.'
'And after that?'
'I come to meet you here, Madame. I have to see just where this thing happened.'
Mrs Oliver turned her head and looked up at the house.
'It doesn't look the sort of house there'd be a murder in, does it?' she said.
Poirot thought again: What an unerring instinct she has!
'No,' he said, 'it does not look at all that sort of a house. After I have seen where, then I go with you to see the mother of the dead child. I hear what she can tell me. This afternoon my friend Spence is making an appointment for me to talk with the local inspector at a suitable hour. I should also like a talk with the doctor here. And possibly the head-mistress at the school. At six o'clock I drink tea and eat sausages with my friend Spence and his sister again in their house and we discuss.'
'What more do you think he'll be able to tell you?'
'I want to meet his sister. She has lived here longer than he has. He came here to join her when her husband died. She will know, perhaps, the people here fairly well.'
'Do you know what you sound like?' said Mrs Oliver. 'A computer. You know. You're programming yourself. That's what they call it, isn't it? I mean you're feeding all these things into yourself all day and then you're going to see what comes out.'
'It is certainly an idea you have there,' said Poirot, with some interest. 'Yes, yes, I play the part of the computer. One feeds in the information—'
'And supposing you come up with all the wrong answers?' said Mrs Oliver.
'That would be impossible,' said Hercule Poirot. 'Computers do not do that sort of a thing.'
'They're not supposed to,' said Mrs Oliver, 'but you'd be surprised at the things that happen sometimes. My last electric light bill, for instance. I know there's a proverb which says "To err is human," but a human error is nothing to what a computer can do if it tries. Come on in and meet Mrs Drake.'
Mrs Drake was certainly something, Poirot thought. She was a tall, handsome woman of forty-odd, her golden hair was lightly tinged with grey, her eyes were brilliantly blue, she oozed competence from the fingertips downwards. Any party she had arranged would have been a successful one. In the drawing-room a tray of morning coffee with two sugared biscuits was awaiting them.
Apple Trees, he saw, was a most admirably kept house. It was well furnished, it had carpets of excellent quality, everything was scrupulously polished and cleaned, and the fact that it had hardly any outstanding object of interest in it was not readily noticeable. One would not have expected it. The colours of the curtains and the covers were pleasant but conventional. It could have been let furnished at any moment for a high rent to a desirable tenant, without having to put away any treasures or make any alterations to the arrangement of the furniture.
Mrs Drake greeted Mrs Oliver and Poirot and concealed almost entirely what Poirot could not help suspecting was a feeling of vigorously suppressed annoyance at the position in which she found herself as the hostess at a social occasion at which something as anti-social as murder had occurred. As a prominent member of the community of Woodleigh Common, he suspected that she felt an unhappy sense of having herself in some way proved inadequate. What had occurred should not have occurred. To someone else in someone else's house—yes. But at a party for children, arranged by her, given by her, organized by her, nothing like this ought to have happened. Somehow or other she ought to have seen to it that it did not happen. And Poirot also had a suspicion that she was seeking round irritably in the back of her mind for a reason. Not so much a reason for murder having taken place, but to find out and pin down some inadequacy on the part of someone who had been helping her and who had by some mismanagement or some lack of perception failed to realize that something like this could happen.
'Monsieur Poirot,' said Mrs Drake, in her fine speaking voice, which Poirot thought would come over excellently in a small lecture room or the village hall,
'I am so pleased you could come down here. Mrs Oliver has been telling me how invaluable your help will be to us in this terrible crisis.'
'Rest assured, Madame, I shall do what I can, but as you no doubt realize from your experience of life, it is going to be a difficult business.'
'Difficult?' said Mrs Drake. 'Of course it's going to be difficult. It seems incredible, absolutely incredible, that such an awful thing should have happened. I suppose,' she added, 'the police may know something? Inspector Raglan has a very good reputation locally, I believe. Whether or not they ought to call Scotland Yard in, I don't know. The idea seems to be that this poor child's death must have had a local significance. I needn't tell you, Monsieur Poirot—after all, you read the papers as much as I do—that there have been very many sad fatalities with children all over the countryside. They seem to be getting more and more frequent. Mental instability seems to be on the increase, though I must say that mothers and families generally are not looking after their children properly, as they used to do. Children are sent home from school alone, on dark evenings, go alone on dark early mornings. And children, however much you warn them, are unfortunately very foolish when it comes to being offered a lift in a smart-looking car. They believe what they're told. I suppose one cannot help that.'
'But what happened here, Madame, was of an entirely different nature.'
'Oh, I know—I know. That is why I used the term incredible. I still cannot quite believe it,' said Mrs Drake. 'Everything was entirely under control. All the arrangements were made. Everything was going perfectly, all according to plan. It just seems—seems incredible. Personally I consider myself that there must be what I call an outside significance to this. Someone walked into the house—not a difficult thing to do under the circumstances—someone of highly disturbed mentality, I suppose, the kind of people who are let out of mental homes simply because there is no room for them there, as far as I can see. Nowadays, room has to be made for fresh patients all the time. Anyone peeping in through a window could see a children's party was going on, and this poor wretch—if one can really feel pity for these people, which I really must say I find it very hard to do myself sometimes—enticed this child away somehow and killed her. You can't think such a thing could happen, but it did happen.'
'Perhaps you would show me where—'
'Of course. No more coffee?'
'I thank you, no.'
Mrs Drake got up. 'The police seem to think it took place while the Snapdragon was going on. That was taking place in the dining-room.'
She walked across the hall, opened the door and, rather in the manner of someone doing the honours of a stately home to a party of charabanc goers, indicated the large dining-table and the heavy velvet curtains.
'It was dark here, of course, except for the blazing dish. And now—'
She led them across the hall and opened the door of a small room with arm-chairs, sporting prints and bookshelves.
'The library,' said Mrs Drake, and shivered a little. 'The bucket was here. On a plastic sheet, of course—'
Mrs Oliver had not accompanied them into the room. She was standing outside in the hall—
'I can't come in,' she said to Poirot. 'It makes me think of it too much.'
'There's nothing to see now,' said Mrs Drake. 'I mean, I'm just showing you where, as you asked.'
'I suppose,' said Poirot, 'there was water—a good deal of water.'
'There was water in the bucket, of course,' said Mrs Drake.
She looked at Poirot as though she thought that he was not quite all there.
'And there was water on the sheet. I mean, if the child's head was pushed under water, there would be a lot of water splashed about.'
'Oh yes. Even while the bobbing was going on, the bucket had to be filled up once or twice.'
'So the person who did it? That person also would have got wet, one would think.'
'Yes, yes, I suppose so.'
'That was not specially noticed?'
Шева Раджаи
Рут Браун
Элизабет Свонн
Эрвин Альтермитт
Дон Хосе Руис
Татьяна Аксинина
Вера Орловская
Ольга Архипова
Ольга Лаптева
Алина Камалеева


They say that love will conquer all but what happens when love gets in the way of the crown? A court turned against its king for forbidden love; a throne overturned in the face of adversity. The Audrey Herman Spotlighters Theatre brings Christopher Marlowe's Edward II to the stage as its penultimate show of the season. A tragic tale of love lost in the face of intolerance between church and state. Directed by Brad Norris, this evocative Shakespearean contemporary work showcases a king liberally abused and turned upon by his court, his queen, his own relations and all for the sake of his unconventional love.
Prince Edward III (Jack Connors) Eleanor, Lady of Kent (Heather Johnston) Gaveston (Taylor Rieland), and King Edward II (Jonas David Grey). Photo by Chris Aldridge, CMAldridge Photography.
Director Brad Norris conceptualizes the piece which is meant to take place in the 1300s during the reign of Edward II. Norris shifts the time of the play forward to England and France in 1936 right at the cusp of the Second World War He also creates a framing device for the piece with the notion of a cabaret playing at the "Black and White Milk Bar" in the exiles of France. Performers noted only as "society" provide an hour of pre-show entertainment singing songs of the period. Some are jaunty upbeat little ditties while others are more solemn and melancholic; both representing the constantly shifting moods of the play that is about to follow. The fluid flow of "pre-show" into the show, where Gaveston— a main character of the play— takes the microphone to sing his own number, is exceptional, truly tying the notion of the concept into the stage work. However, outside of the seamless lead-in, fails to uphold this connection and when the cabaret atmosphere returns at intermission and again for the post show entertainment it feels extraneous to the production on the whole.
While the reason for shifting the production to the 1930s is unclear and virtually otherwise unreferenced, Norris does succeed in outfitting the cast and the "societal pre-show performers" in period appropriate clothing. Varying in styles and selection the clothing for the women become a showcase of proper business attire in fancy skirts and matching jackets, save for the Queen who is always seen in an elegant dress. The men are outfitted in dapper pressed suits creating the air of aristocracy among them. King Edward's suit is no fancier than any of the other suits, but it grounds his character all the more for it, making him relatable to the everyman in the audience.
At my performance, there were projection problems. While the accents were impressive, ranging from proper English to Irish, French and everything in-between it was often difficult to understand great portions of the text. When the characters were expressing heavy emotions like anger their words become garbled blasts of shouting. This occurred most often with Lord Warwick (Daniel Douek) and Lord Mortimer (John Wright) where the emotions were clearly present but the articulation was lacking. King Edward (Jonas David Grey) had the exact opposite problem, where moments of extreme sorrow or grief become uttered so softly that I couldn't hear any of the text he spoke in those instances. The women also felll victim to speaking too softly, Queen Isabella (Madeline Long) and Lady Kent (Heather Johnston) had brilliant moments of intense text that, unfortunately, got lost because of how quietly they spoke.
Despite these quibbles, Edward II is exceptionally well-performed. Characters like Spencer (Matthew Payne) and Baldock (Cassandra Miller) add hints of humor in this darkbody drama. Payne's overbearing Irish brogue distinguishes his character from the rest and Miller's sultry language makes her stand out. Together when their characters join forces with King Edward, for a fleeting moment their powers seem unstoppable.
Playing young Prince Edward III, Jack Connors delivers a great deal of acting skill for a young performer who has just completed the eighth grade. Connors articulates the language well, and his bursts of anger are solid as the end of the play draws near. Lady Lancaster (Aladrian Wetzel) has the epitome of articulation in her speech. Every word that Wetzel speaks, be it in haste, anger, or close confidence with the other Barons is heard without exception. Her cool and collected presence upon the stage makes her character appear intimidating as a part of the four-strong force against Edward.
Lord Mortimer (John Wright) leads the group of usurpers, including Lord Warwick (Daniel Douek) and Lady Pembroke (Ashley Anna Kowalski.) Douek is a hot-blooded, ill-tempered revolutionary who causes a great deal of chaos for Edward and the nobles while Kowalski is the more level-headed one of the group. Wright's approach to his rather vicious character is surprisingly good; embodying the cunning villainy of a knave gone sour. Despite his lack of diction he makes the character's emotions quite clear with his forever bristly body language and his militant heel-turn every time he strides out of a scene.
Queen Isabella (Madeline Long) delivers one of the most impressive accents in the production. Her French sounds muddled, like a woman trying to adapt to her new surroundings and lose the accent of her home country. Long gives an exceptionally emotional performance, constantly hung with melancholy and sorrow, even when trying to rekindle the flame between her character and her husband. Displaying versatility in those dreary emotions, her eyes and posture alight with glee when Lady Kent (Heather Johnston) comes to visit her in France. Her interactions with Mortimer toe the line of forbidden love and intimacies, keeping the audience on their toes and guessing as to what exactly is the nature of their relationship.
Gaveston (Taylor Rieland) is short-lived in his appearances, returning from exile only to be banished again and again. Rieland brings a youthful nature to the character; an exuberant jubilance alights within him whenever he is with Edward. The choice to double this actor for a role later in the production is a confusing one, but he does it quite well. Rieland's interactions with Edward II (Jonas David Grey) speak volumes of their forbidden love.
While the relationship both in history and in Marlowe's work of Edward and Gaveston is unclear— were they sworn brothers, dear friends, or perhaps lovers it is unknown— the relationship that Grey and Rieland form is clearly that of deeply involved lovers. They make no qualms about trying to hide their love, the physical intimacy bringing a strong layer of intolerance to the forefront of the production. Both Grey and Rieland have such burning passion for one another, their eyes radiate the purest of love when they stare at one another, or speak longingly for the other.
Grey, as the title character, gives an exceptional performance. His moments of madness near the end of the show are truly harrowing and crumble out of him like the last hiss of a fire extinguished. His physicality is nothing short of expressive, his body language telling more of his emotions than his words ever do; a truly captivating strategy for such a complex character. Grey draws forth emotional complexities that make the character dynamic and interesting.
(l to r) Lord Warwick (Daniel Douek), Lady Pembroke (Ashley Anna Kowalski), Lord Mortimer (John Wright), Lady Lancaster (Aladrian Wetzel) and Queen Isabella (Madeline Long). Photo by Chris Aldridge, CMAldridge Photography.
Spotlighters' Edward II is a well-rounded production performed by an exceptional company who make this less-recognized work well-worth seeing. Don't miss it!
Running Time: Approximately 2 hours and 20 minutes, with one intermission. Pre-show entertainment starts one hour before curtain with post-show entertainment optional.
Edward II plays through June 22, 2014 at The Audrey Herman Spotlighters Theatre— 817 North Saint Paul Street, in Baltimore, MD. For tickets call the box office at (410) 752-1225, or purchase them online.


text:
Q: Android 11 - Unable to extract the trust manager on AndroidPlatform, sslSocketFactory is class com.android.org.conscrypt.OpenSSLSocketFactoryImpl Android 11 - Unable to extract the trust manager on AndroidPlatform, sslSocketFactory is class com.android.org.conscrypt.OpenSSLSocketFactoryImpl

Issue is only with Android 11 devices

A: You are calling a deprecated method https://github.com/square/okhttp/blob/fce60e5a09eac198a0f9c676e486163212662230/okhttp/src/main/kotlin/okhttp3/OkHttpClient.kt#L761
    /**
     * Sets the socket factory used to secure HTTPS connections. If unset, the system default will
     * be used.
     *
     * @deprecated [SSLSocketFactory] does not expose its [X509TrustManager], which is a field that
     *     OkHttp needs to build a clean certificate chain. This method instead must use reflection
     *     to extract the trust manager. Applications should prefer to call
     *     `sslSocketFactory(SSLSocketFactory, X509TrustManager)`, which avoids such reflection.
     */
    @Deprecated(
        message = "Use the sslSocketFactory overload that accepts a X509TrustManager.",
        level = DeprecationLevel.ERROR
    )
    fun sslSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory: SSLSocketFactory) = apply {
      if (sslSocketFactory != this.sslSocketFactoryOrNull) {
        this.routeDatabase = null
      }

      this.sslSocketFactoryOrNull = sslSocketFactory
      this.x509TrustManagerOrNull = Platform.get().trustManager(sslSocketFactory) ?: throw IllegalStateException(
          "Unable to extract the trust manager on ${Platform.get()}, " +
              "sslSocketFactory is ${sslSocketFactory.javaClass}")
      this.certificateChainCleaner = Platform.get().buildCertificateChainCleaner(x509TrustManagerOrNull!!)
    }

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Memory leak from looping SKVideoNode (only on actual device) I have a memory leak that I cannot diagnose. I have tried multiple approaches to creating a seamlessly looped video - Besides AVPlayerLooper, all of the approaches I've encountered and tried involve creating an observer to watch AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification and then either seeking to the beginning of the video (in the case of AVPlayer) or inserting the video to be looped into the video queue (in the case of AVQueuePlayer). Both seem to have similar performance, but both also have a consistent memory keep related to the seekToTime method (in the case of AVPlayer) and the insertItem method (in the case of AVQueuePlayer). My end goal is to create a subclass of SKVideoNode that loops by default. Below is my code for the subclass:
#import "SDLoopingVideoNode.h"
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>

@interface SDLoopingVideoNode()
@property AVQueuePlayer *avQueuePlayer;
@property AVPlayerLooper *playerLooper;
@end

@implementation SDLoopingVideoNode

-(instancetype)initWithPathToResource:(NSString *)path withFiletype:(NSString *)filetype
{
if(self == [super init])
{
    NSString *resourcePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:path ofType:filetype];
    NSURL *videoURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:resourcePath];
    AVAsset *videoAsset = [AVAsset assetWithURL:videoURL];
    AVPlayerItem * videoItem  = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithAsset:videoAsset];

    self.avQueuePlayer = [[AVQueuePlayer alloc] initWithItems:@[videoItem]];

    NSNotificationCenter *noteCenter = [NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter];
    [noteCenter addObserverForName:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotification
                            object:nil
                             queue:nil
                        usingBlock:^(NSNotification *note) {
                            AVPlayerItem *video = [[AVPlayerItem alloc] initWithURL:videoURL];
                            [self.avQueuePlayer insertItem:video afterItem:nil];
                            NSLog(@"Video changed");
                        }];

    self = (SDLoopingVideoNode*)[[SKVideoNode alloc] initWithAVPlayer: self.avQueuePlayer];
    return self;
}
return nil;
}

@end

And here is how the subclass is initialized in didMoveToView:
SDLoopingVideoNode *videoNode = [[SDLoopingVideoNode alloc]initWithPathToResource:@"147406" withFiletype:@"mp4"];
[videoNode setSize:CGSizeMake(self.size.width, self.size.height)];
[videoNode setAnchorPoint:CGPointMake(0.5, 0.5)];
[videoNode setPosition:CGPointMake(0, 0)];
[self addChild:videoNode];
[videoNode play];

A: Short answer is, you will not be able to get that working with AVPlayer. Believe me, I have tried. Instead, it is possible to do seamless looping by using the H264 hardware to decode and then re-encode each video frame as a keyframe, github link here. I have also built a seamless looping layer that supports a full alpha channel. Performance even for full screen 1x1 video on and iPad or iPad pro is great. Also, no memory leaks with this code.


text:
← Documentary Review: The Rush of Breaking News in LA as seen from a "Whirlybird"
Documentary Review: "Ailey" remembers and celebrates a Giant of American Dance →
Netflixable? "Fear Street Part 3" goes to 1666 to wrap it all up
Posted on July 16, 2021 by Roger Moore
"Fear Street" shuffles off this mortal coil and shuffles out the door with "Fear Street Part 3: 1666," a movie that takes R.L. Stine's witch's curse story back to the witch hunts of yore — or of "Union" — and stumbles back into 1994 to wrap it all up.
It builds up to a bloody and touching climax, showing us — and our 1994 heroine Deena (Kiana Madeira) — how Sarah Frier lost her hand and cursed the land and folks who live on it forever and ever back in 1666.
And then it returns for a long third act in '94, which for all the curiosity-sating "resolve everything/explain all" monologues and BIG FINISH, can't help but come off as anti-climactic.
The acting still ranges from uneven to indifferent. The "revelation" is well-hidden, in that we're not really thinking about it before the obvious becomes um, obvious.
And the whole enterprise has this anachronistic feel, which even a 17th setting doesn't discourage — folks tossing "frigid bitch" and "whore" around like they were brought up on Showtime.
In 1666 Union, the name of the "settlement" that split into Sunnyvale and Shadyside, Sarah — played by Deena (Kiana Madeira) — also has a brother (also played by Benjamin Flores Jr. ) and is also a Sapphic sister. Back then, she crushed on the preacher's daughter, Hannah (still Olivia Scott Welch).
But it being 1666, intolerance didn't take 1994 form. No, back then "the love that dare not say its name" could get you crucified, or burned at the stake or hung or what have you.
So all this talk about "a full moon rises before nightfall" which means it's "a good night to enjoy the fruit of the land" that the local young people exchange as a greeting in ritualistic "Let's go to the woods for a Bacchanale" code is fraught with risk, at least as far as those two are concerned.
"They'll hang us, Sarah!" "I was not ALIVE before now, anyway!"
Next thing you know, a sow has eaten her new piglets, the fruit is rotting on the trees and the preacher (Michael Chandler) has gone murderously mad.
Only Solomon Goode (Ashley Zukerman) speaks out for reason and seems to defend the young women we know will be accused of being the "cause" for all this.
A mad scramble to find a way to escape their fates ensues, but we all know SOMEbody's going to lose a hand, otherwise the two prequel-sequels have no point, right?
The first two acts build, with rising action and suspense, pulse-pounding editing and shrieking strings on the score.
And then we fizzle back to 1994, and despite having the lone decent joke of the trilogy, all attempts to top the caves, torches, lynch mob and mass murders of 1666 come off as…R.L. Stine "everything but the kitchen sink" kiddie horror.
Well, kiddie horror with cussing and a lesbian romance for the ages. That's what it's meant to be, anyway.
Our loving couple don't have much chemistry, the "brother" is better suited to Nickelodeon afternoon programming in terms of acting craft and few folks here manage to convince us of the high stakes involved.
This is a workmanlike if uninspiring directorial outing for Leigh Janiak, but what she and her co-screenwriters were working with isn't exactly Stephen King depth. Not that King is anybody's idea of Hemingway.
The players committed to perform in all three films in the trilogy, but the connection we're meant to feel for their characters is never established — a product of thin performances and the choppy narrative — and the attempts at pathos never pay off.
What we have in these three films is the streaming equivalent of a summer horror beach book, an R.L. Stine page-turner more interesting for "how this all turns out" than any shocks, frights or tugs at the heartstrings.
MPA Rating: Rated R for strong violence and gore, language, some sexuality and brief drug use
Cast: Kiana Madeira, Benjamin Flores Jr., Olivia Scott Welch, Ashley Zukerman, Darrel Britt-Gibson and Gillian Jacobs.
Credits: Directed by Leigh Janiak, script by Phil Graziadei, Kate Trefry and Leigh Janiak, based on the story by R.L. Stine. A Netflix release.
Running time: 1:54
RT @travisakers: Spotify has lost over 15% of its stock value since deciding to keep Joe Rogan on their platform. 45 minutes ago
@BeschlossDC Public radio station in North Dakota, I ducked out to visit the library because I couldn't believe the… twitter.com/i/web/status/1… 45 minutes ago

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
General Public Training
Castle Defense 360 is a certified Service Disabled Veteran Owned Small Business that was established due to the increase in criminal and terrorist activity. The time is now to train and prepare yourself, your staff, department and unit, don't wait until you have become a victim.
We pride ourselves in providing a wide array of training and protective services that exceed industry standards which are available to the general public, all levels of government, Law Enforcement, 1st Responders and Military. Our team consists of Military Combat Veterans from Conventional and Special Operations Forces and Law Enforcement backgrounds.
We believe in the absolute essential need for security solutions that provide services far beyond the traditional security guard and other security related services. We provide a service that is rare in the industry, full spectrum solutions that provide protection using a 360 degree approach, protecting you from the street and beyond.
Daniel Williams - Dir of General Public Training / Sales
Daniel is a military combat veteran, a former Cavalry Scout with many years of experience training and leading Soldiers in garrison and austere environments. He was the primary gunner on all unit patrols, chosen for his keen eye and lead from the front attitude. After his service, Daniel was a successful, top salesman for 2 companies consistently exceeding his monthly quota and outselling his peers. He has a wealth of sales and marketing knowledge. Purple Heart Recipient.
Coming Soon - Dir of Law Enforcement Training
Robert Wink -Procurement / Contract Writing
Robert is a seasoned procurement and contract writing professional with experience in DHS / FEMA. He has vast experience in reviewing, editing and writing contracts for DHS and FEMA. He is the Owner of Integrity Lion Acquisitions.
Confidential - Dir of Operations Security Consultant / Anti-Terrorism Officer
Over 26 years military and physical security experience, including aviation security, Anti-Terrorism, force protection, special operations and personnel recovery. Also has conducted military operations in Operation Iraqi Freedom as a Weapons Squad Leader and has secured mission essential vulnerability areas. He was a personnel recovery team leader in the only dedicated over-water and overland aviation company in the U.S. Army. He assisted with the training of 3 combat search and rescue teams (CSAR) which was responsible for theater personnel recovery operations. ASIS Member
Tim Easton - Owner / CEO Security Consultant / Anti-Terrorism Officer
Tim is a retired Army Combat Engineer, Combat Veteran with 15 years of active Military experience and many years of high threat operations in austere environments. He is a Subject Matter Expert in Anti-Terrorism, Physical Security, Defensive Position Design and Hardening, Tactics, Training and Leadership. He is a true professional that still has the drive, passion and desire to continue to protect our great country and its citizens. Tim is also a certified, active member of the Greene County Missouri, Community Emergency Response Team. ASIS Member AEA Lifetime Member, Bronze DeFlury Recipient. ILEETA Member, IPSA Member, Missouri Disabled Veterans Enterprise Member
© 2015. Castle Defense 360 LLC. All Rights Reserved.
"E-Verify® is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security"


text:
Home / ENTERTAINMENT / Calexico Chef Enters Netflix Culinary Competition
Calexico Chef Enters Netflix Culinary Competition
Admin December 14, 2018	ENTERTAINMENT, FOOD, REGIONAL Leave a comment 2,937 Views
By: Mario Conde, reporter
The new culinary competition on Netflix brings the best chefs in the world to a new show called "The Final Table" and one of those Chefs is from Calexico, California.
Calexico native Chef Esdras Ochoa is one of the participants in this new show that began streaming worldwide on Nov. 20. Being a chef was not on his initial plans but life had other plans for him.
His partner in this competition is Chef Rafael Gil whom he became good friends recently when they worked in a business venture in Hong Kong.
The series features 12 teams of two chefs from around the world cooking the national dishes of Mexico, Spain, England, Brazil, France, Japan, the U.S., India and Italy. Each episode focuses on a different country and its cuisine, with celebrity ambassadors, food critics and the country's greatest chef eliminating teams until the finale.
Esdras graduated from Calexico High School in 2000 and then moved to Los Angeles to study fashion design and marketing. While there he missed the Mexicali street tacos and its flavor and decided to invest in a mobile cart set up and called it Mexicali Taco & Co. that quickly became popular among LA residents. Two years later, he opens a restaurant where he continued his northern Baja cuisine.
His success grew and accepted an invitation to open a restaurant in Hong Kong called Westside 11. The restaurant is a Mexican restaurant and bar in a part of Hong Kong called Kennedy Town.
He is now working on opening a restaurant in Mumbai, India.
Esdras is always looking to support the youth of his hometown of Calexico. Each year, he and his partner recognize two seniors for the scholarship to hopefully help them along their journey of furthering their education and their path to success.
Previous SOLES DE MEXICALI INVITÓ A SUS FANS AL CINE
Next Chef de Calexico Entra a Competencia Culinaria en Netflix


text:
Thoughts about what Covid and 2020 mean for book publishing
January 8, 2021 by PG
From veteran publishing consultant Mike Shatzkin:
A team of independent publishing consultants with broad and deep experience in the industry have produced an excellent report on the effects of the past year's pandemic on the book publishing business called "COVID-19 and Book Publishing: Impacts and Insights for 2021". Cliff Guren, Thad McIlroy, and Steven Sieck are real pros and they have been systematic and rigorous in their methodology. The report is free (here) and is bound to be among the most widely-read papers in our industry very quickly.
The notion was to look at the changes that have taken place in the worlds publishing lives in and work back to the impact on the publishers. This approach makes sense. You can't analyze or predict the future about trade publishing without looking at what is happening in the world of retail. You need to understand what the impact of change is on schools and colleges to gain insight into how publishers will have to adjust. Indeed, that's how publishers themselves will approach the challenge: they will try to understand the environments they have to live in to formulate their go-forward strategies.
And the authors have captured the reality that the pandemic was not really bad for the book business. In fact, for many publishers it has been a boon. The authors amply document that most book sales have been sustained and that most book publishing operations have managed to shift staff to working remotely and are still able to continue to produce effectively.
One impact of the pandemic on retailing that was thoroughly appreciated by Guren, McIlroy, and Sieck (and seldom remarked on elsewhere) is the rise in importance of the brick-and-mortar "equivalents" to Amazon: like Target, Walmart, and Costco. Those stores have long had the in-store presence of a limited number of book titles but in the online environment, with Ingram in the background, they can sell just about any book except some proprietary Amazon titles. Online non-book consumers can put books in their grocery basket with these retailers as readily as they can with Amazon and more and more of them appear to be doing that. Although it is more likely that many of these new book customers for them were filched from local brick and mortar retail rather than from Amazon, the net effect has been to really grow books in importance to them.
Discovery that shifts from bookstores to online favors backlist. And publishers have been challenged to deliver new titles with the same marketplace impact in the readjusted book marketplace. Some new title production has continued, to be sure. But there are anecdotal reports of postponements with some publishers choosing to hold back quite a bit until things change.
"Covid Impacts and Insights" discusses the relative ease with which publishers have maintained their operations without using their offices. Discovering how to work this way is bound to have implications on the future of offices — where they'll be, how full they'll be, and what percentage of each employee's time will be spent in them — in our business. The report notes the fact that a lot of publishers spend big money on Manhattan real estate. In a margin-challenged business like ours, that is bound to come under closer scrutiny as the pandemic fades.
One is touched on in the Executive Summary at the top and not returned to: the efforts by publishers to compensate for a declining infrastructure of intermediaries (particularly bookstores) with more D2C — direct to consumer — efforts. For well over a decade, even the most general of the general trade publishers have been building those efforts. They all have databases with millions of consumer names that they are able to use with varying amounts of success. This creates subtle distinctions between the sales capabilities of the houses based on their different abilities to reach direct audiences.
So when Penguin Random House acquires Simon & Schuster (assuming the sale is allowed to proceed), the chances are that they will both get some new books that are appropriate for some of their "captive" audiences and, conversely, that they will acquire some D2C reach that S&S developed that can now be applied to PRH books. Not much is known about the specific proprietary D2C capabilities the houses have, but those sales assets, however slowly they grow, become increasingly important as bookstore opportunities shrink. Both the publisher marketing efforts and the brick-and-mortar erosion are accelerated by the pandemic.
There is another change that has been slow and inexorable over the past decade or more and which the pandemic can only exacerbate. Since the center of gravity has shifted away from bookstores, a domain publishers "controlled" and which shielded them from competition from books that had no powerful publisher, it has become increasingly difficult for publishers to make new books "work".
How does new title production of the established trade houses today compare to what they issued ten or twenty years ago? (One hint: it is almost certain that the combined new title output of PRH and S&S will be less after the merger than it was before.) And how do sales of new titles compare to sales of backlist? And how much of the new title output survives to become contributing backlist?
This is a tough set of facts to compile, but it is almost certain they'd show that big publishers are living off their backlist and not making it grow like they did in past decades. The "moat" around established publishers was always the bookstores; real publishers could put inventory into them and mere aspirants could not. When there were thousands of bookstores carrying tens of thousands of titles (or even hundreds of thousands) and almost all the books were sold through brick-and-mortar retailers (a fair description of the world before 1995, or even before 2005), the big publishers had an advantage that no number of D2C names can win back for them.
In pandemic times, when output is constrained in many ways, the ability to print at the point of distribution changes everything. The striking example of how much this matters was a NY Times paperback bestseller list at the end of June which had a majority of the titles being printed and distributed by Ingram.
Having learned the many benefits of being able to meet substantial demand without inventory in place, the publishers aren't likely to forget it. The fact that a unit costs more to deliver when you print one was always well understood; now it can also be seen that shipping and handling and returns costs are avoided so the difference in profits is not as great as the difference in unit cost. Publishers know this now. It will change things going forward.
Link to the rest at The Shatzkin Files
Mike points out that the ability of traditional publishers to put product into physical bookstores (and the larger publishers could do this more successfully than most small publishers) was important for their success and prosperity. Fundamentally, traditional publishers controlled this retail channel and large publishers paid a lot of attention to large bookstores and even more to large bookstore chains.
However, Barnes & Noble is about the only large bookstore chain still in business. The latest pre-Covid data PG could find was that there were 633 BN physical stores in the US. Books-a-Million was second with 260 stores in 32 states and store numbers dropped quickly farther down the list. These numbers are almost certain to decline when the retail sector can finally open up and have a reasonable expectation of customers entering their stores. PG's bet is that there will be a lot fewer physical bookstores after Covid than there were before.
A whole lot of readers who purchased their books from physical bookstores pre-Covid have learned that Amazon has everything and can deliver a physical book to their home tomorrow or the next day if they order it as soon as they leave Barnes & Noble. Even early books by current bestsellers may be a special-order item in a physical bookstore. And those readers will quite possibly pay less than if they waited for a BN special order to arrive in a week or two. Smaller bookstore chains may require an even longer wait.
PG was interested in Mike's observations that publishers' back list had become a larger contributor to revenue and sales than it had been prior to Covid. He rightly pointed out that the migration of sales from physical bookstores to Amazon and other online bookstores had been a primary cause of this rebalancing.
PG suspects that some veteran authors who were/are traditionally-published may wonder whether it's fair for their publishers to be harvesting the large majority of the money from these backlist sales when the author's advance has long been spent and the publishers haven't devoted any significant amounts of money or effort promoting the author or her books for a very long time, particularly if the publisher isn't providing much in the way of advances for new books the author has written lately.
You can download the complete COVID-19 and Book Publishing: Impacts and Insights for 2021 HERE. While Mike focuses mostly on the trade publishing business (which is likely the most interesting part of for most visitors to TPV), the complete report includes some information about academic and research publishing which is under pressure because its primary customers – academic institutions – has been severely stressed by Covid.
Categories Amazon, Barnes & Noble, Big Publishing, Bookstores Post navigation
I am firm
Why on Earth Is Someone Stealing Unpublished Book Manuscripts?
7 thoughts on "Thoughts about what Covid and 2020 mean for book publishing"
C.E. Petit
This shark wonders whether the "increasing proportion of sales from the backlist without substantial marketing support" meme is a problem. Or, perhaps, whether it points out that what commercial publishing offers to almost all of its authors is logistical support (however competent or incompetent, and however cost-effective or otherwise… especially in the pre-e-book era) far more than actual and effective marketing support. The less said about how the purported costs of the marketing support are misstated and misallocated on cost-sales aka profit-loss spreadsheets — all based on numbers set in stone when Lotus 1-2-3 was what everyone meant by "spreadsheet" — operate to suppress author earnings below the predictable bestsellers, the better.
Will this lead publishing to deemphasize ineffective marketing support and become leaner, more profitable, more nimble, by eliminating ineffective marketing support structures and personnel (and not promoting marketing gurus to Editor-in-Chief and Publisher and Corporate Vice-President) while instead maintaining what passes for editorial assistance? Pssst. I've got this fabulous bridge over the East River to sell you; you don't have to pay me directly, all you have to do is grant me total control over your copyrighted material for the entire term of copyright (and ignore that little man behind the flapping curtain made up of individual pages of 17 U.S.C. § 203)…
The irony that Shatzkin himself is one of those marketing gurus just makes this tastier.
Quite lovely, C.
In past lives, I have worked with those who were quite expert in marketing and I can confirm that none of them worked in publishing or would have considered working in publishing had anyone offered them the opportunity to do so.
For one thing, they were earning far more money than anyone in publishing would ever consider offering for someone to fill a slot in marketing. Too many English majors from Little Ivies who would work for nothing or close to nothing because family money.
DaveMich
This is another commercial for Ingram, which pays Mike a stipend for these.
Felix J Torres
So, Walmart, Target, and Costco are growing at B&M's expense?
That is supposed to hearten the literati?
I doubt Amazon will be losing much sleep over those folks.
Elliot321
What he describes is the continuing elimination of transaction costs. It all points to Amazon, and the transaction costs of Amazon paper are eliminated by moving to Amazon eBooks.
Some smart marketing guy must have wandered into Harper Collins after a bad night on the town. This morning I received the following email from Harper:
"Finished bingeing Bridgerton on Netflix? Read the books!"
Then the email showed full size covers of all eight books in the series plus six direct links to online retailers. I didn't binge on the series, but did click on the trailer.
So, Harper got with Netflix and sent me a pitch. I thought it was a great idea until I discovered none of the links worked.
Why does that not surprise me?
(Sounds like the unpaid interns are lagging the PR flacks. I expect they'll fix the links eventually, probably after the Netflix buzz has moved on to something else.)
Eugene Woodbury on Are publishers leaving billions on the table by fixating on well-heeled readers?
Elaine Thompson on 7 Ways Deep POV Creates Emotional Connections With Readers
Margaret on Are publishers leaving billions on the table by fixating on well-heeled readers?
C.E. Petit on Blacklists Are the Rage in Publishing
tony on Status


Sitting across from Bella, in her hot pink boots and matching flowered headband, you wouldn't assume her to be the resilient and determined fighter she is.
On this beautiful, cloudless February day it seems as if we are a million miles away from the hospitals, labs, and uncertainty that has plagued this family for the past 10 months; but the truth is … uncertainty is now an ever-present, unwelcome addition to their lives.
Early May 2014 a spunky eight year old Bella fell while at play during school recess, and no one questioned the source of the pain she felt in her ankle. However, the pain from the fall did not subside, it grew worse. Bella began experiencing progressive pain from her ankle, up her leg, and into other extremities. Bella's parents, as would be expected, turned to the little girl's primary physician for further investigation and answers. Standard tests revealed nothing alarming, and the family was sent home with no resolution or explanation for the little girl's symptoms.
As the weeks progressed and Bella's healing did not, the family became increasingly uneasy. Several more visits to the primary healthcare provider proved frustrating and ineffective in aleviating Bella's suffering. By the end of May Bella began experiencing motor skill loss in her hands and was unable to write.
Weary and dejected, Bella's parents finally circumvented traditional medical protocol and took the ill child to the emergency room at Sacred Heart Hospital. Bella's mother was not insistent or overbearing; she did not run through the litany of medical poking and prodding Bella had already undergone; and she didn't even attempt to speculate as to the nature of the beast plaguing her child.
The hospital's staff heeded the intuition of the frightened mother and set about trying to help.
Bella's mother shuttled her little girl between multiple specialists in a dizzying attempt to put the puzzle of her child's failing health into perspective. During the process Bella stayed strong. She tolerated innumerable X-rays, blood test, and even two MRI's.
In fact, an error in collecting the desired image during her second MRI proved serendipitous. The image peered into an upper area of Bella's thigh which was not suspect at that time. As the family would come to find, the cancer was only visible in the image at a point that would not have been captured had the MRI been executed as ordered.
Relief, remembrance, and intensified concern wash over Bella's mother's face as she speaks to me of the fateful phone call that would forever alter her family. Over a month had passed since Bella's initial fall. The pediatrist who read the MRI results was not a regular player in the cast of medical providers, so it came as some shock to Bella's mother when the doctor called her to urgently discuss treatment. She was lunching with Bella at Olive Garden … She was not prepared to learn that her daughter had cancer while eating lunch at a cheery restaurant full of boisterous people.
Immediately Bella began heightened testing to determine her specific type of cancer, and further still, how to beat it. Bella was diagnosed with leukemia. Initially, doctors could not identify the type of childhood leukemia she had, and precious time ticked away. Frustrating yet familiar; The family now had a name to put to Bella's assailant, but without determining the type and subtype of the cancer they were not able to effectively battle on her behalf. Bella began aggressive acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) treatment in hopes of halting the disease's progress. Meanwhile, testing never ceased.
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm leukemia. Only 33 documented cases in the world. I sit, numbly, rolling the minuscule number around in my head. Those aren't the kind of stats one would be excited to learn. How could they build a team of 'experts' to champion Bella's recovery with so little information to be had? Again, my musings are muted by the impromptu response of Bella's mom. "Want to know something amazing? Bella's body has cells that are 'natural killers' for the cancer. She has some ability to fight the cancer on her own. That isn't the case most of the time!" I can't help but warmly return her smile.
I see that hope never left this woman. It is the glimmer of hope that is more infectious than the cancer cells plaguing her daughter. It is hope that is needed most.
Bella's medical team shares her family's hope and determination. How could they not? This family bursts with attentive, present love and appreciation for each moment they have with one another. Even after more than 12 rounds of chemotherapy in eight short months their resolve is unbroken.
My mind wanders again, and my eyes travel around our intimate little circle of conversation to Bella's beaming, young face. She softly stroke her mother's arm as she rattles off overwhelmingly long procedure names … and proudly adds that she has undergone all three kinds of chemotherapy. When her mother's looks turns even the slightest bit melancholy Bella is right at her side to offer comfort. She is not asking for pity, or remorse, or sadness. She just offers light and love. This is one magnificent little girl; Again, I am moved to the verge of tears.
My own heart swells with appreciation for life; my life, my children's lives, and for the lives I have been touched with over the course of time which seemingly parallel the lives of this family today. I am reminded that no one asks for the trials set before them … the best we can each hope for is that we handle our tribulations with a fraction of the grace and resolve Bella has shown.
I can't help but wrap up our time together with the only question I can muster. "What do you want people to know about you?" Bella shoots her mom a quick glance that I cannot read and shyly smiles, "I love lipgloss and shopping. And, I really want to be a gymnast when I grow up." A hearty laugh escapes each of us at the simplicity of her statement.
Somehow, Bella has transcended her physical circumstance and is not living as a slave to her disease's shackles.
This bubbly (now) nine year old is not only celebrating over two months in remission, she is celebrating life! Bella visits Sacred Heart regularly, even though she is not currently a patient, and partners with children undergoing similarly frightening medical battles. She is quick to share her story when asked about the sweet doll, Cassidy, she hauls along with her everywhere. She and her mother regularly bring comfort items to the labs and hospital wards that have become like second homes to them in hopes of brightening other families' hearts. Wherever a need exists, this family is trying to fill in the gaps, and many, many lives are better for it.
Bella tugs at her mother's sleeve as a subtle indication that she would like to leave, and my glimpse into this remarkable life comes to a close. We exchange hugs and thanks, each of us sure we were the one to have gained the most from our shared time. Perhaps we are all richer for the joint experience.
Simultaneously, I am humbled and exhilarated. I have seen the face of an angel today … not an intimidating and awesome cherub of fire and brimstone, but a gentle and unassuming champion of hope and love. Bella is that champion.


In this tutorial we'll install Memcached and Redis PHP Extensions with Php Selector 5.6/7.0/7.1/7.2 on CWP. CWP have some nice php extensions implemented for php switcher like memcached and redis etc. Today I'll going to show you how to do that with php selector.
Redis is an open source (BSD licensed), in-memory data structure store, used as a database, cache and message broker. It supports data structures such as strings, hashes, lists, sets, sorted sets with range queries, bitmaps, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexes with radius queries.
Thank you Sandy for this tutorial. I have a few questions. I have installed memcached and redis with php switcher already. Do I need to follow the memcached and redis installation here and install it again? And does it means that for every php version I have to install memcached for each?
I've read this tutorial several times now. I am guessing that if I've install memcached with php switcher already then I can skip to "Install php memcached extension". Is that correct?
"For php 5.6 php memcache :" there's an error. You have an extra "git clone".
I couldn't make this guide work for me (at least, in W3TC the memcached is still grayed out).
this is the php selector tutorial you need to complete all steps.
make: *** No rule to make target 'clean'. Stop.
So it's one line (sorry, very new to Linux)?
Thanks, but again, the make commands do nothing on my vps.
I have php 7.28 installed.
How can I uninstall memcached and redis after I've installed them using this tutorial?
Can these be safely removed?
Hi Sandy, now that CWP have PHP Selector V2 which have the options to select memcached and redis how to we undo or uninstall this so we have a clean start again and use the PHP Selector V2 instead?
So no need to uninstall? Just use the PHP Selector V2 as normal? There no extra memcached directories because of this?
Thank you so much. You're the best!
I am using php selector. But problem is I have enabled the extension in php ini for redist for php 7.1.22. , I have no other php.ini within root path. But still redis server not showing up in php info and also not activated in w3 total plugin side. I have checked the Options List of php selector and it showing that I have checked the redis. Also its running on server side checked by htop.
Any help would be appreciated as not much familiar with this panel.


text:
HBHCAPP1 ; LR VAMC(IRMS)/MJT-HBHC called by HBHCAPPT, entry points:  START, ERROR, MAIL, EXIT ; Nov 1999
 ;;1.0;HOSPITAL BASED HOME CARE;**6,8,10,16**;NOV 01, 1993
START ; Initialization
 ; Set File Update in Progress Flag
 S $P(^HBHC(631.9,1,0),U,8)=1
 ; HBHC(634.2 killed to allow file update processing to run daily, any errors found in previous batch that haven't been corrected will be found again
 K ^HBHC(634.2) S ^HBHC(634.2,0)="HBHC VISIT ERROR(S)^634.2P^"
 ; Omit visits prior to 10/1/97, FY 1997 data did not include inpatient appointments, FY 1998 will, auto-queued job will only gather data for 7 days since HBHCFLAG is set in HBHCFILE
 K %DT S X="T"-($S($D(HBHCFLAG):($P(^HBHC(631.9,1,0),U,4)),1:7)) D ^%DT S HBHCBGDT=$S(Y<2970930.9999:2970930.9999,1:Y_.9999)
 D NOW^%DTC S (HBHCNOW,Y)=% X ^DD("DD") S HBHCDAT=Y
 ; Omit future dates from file update
 I $D(HBHCLSDT) S:HBHCLSDT>% HBHCLSDT=%
 ; Auto-queued option will not have HBHCLSDT defined
 I '$D(HBHCLSDT) S HBHCLSDT=%
 S HBHCDTE=HBHCBGDT_U_HBHCLSDT
 ; Cancel appointments in ^HBHC(632), & delete 'filed' records from ^HBHC(634) if outpatient encounter (^SCE(409.68)) entry no longer exists
 D ^HBHCCAN
 Q
ERROR ; Update HBHC Error(s) (634.2) file Error Message (3) & Outpatient Encounter (4) fields
 K DD,DO,DTOUT,DUOUT
 S DIC="^HBHC(634.2,",DIC(0)="L",X=HBHCDPT,DIC("DR")="3///^S X=HBHCMSG;4///^S X=HBHCOEP;5///^S X=HBHCAPDT;6///^S X=HBHCCLN" D FILE^DICN
 K HBHCMSG
 Q
MAIL ; Send mail message
 S TMP(1)="Please run Form Errors Report option for HBHC errors to correct.",XMDUZ="HBHC File Update Mail Group",XMSUB=$P(HBHCDAT,"@")_" HBHC File Update",XMY("INFO:G.HBH")="",XMTEXT="TMP("
 D ^XMD
 Q
EXIT ; Exit module
 D CLEAN^DILF
 ; HBHCFLAG set in ^HBHCFILE, to accommodate retaining these variables if not auto-queued job
 K:'$D(HBHCFLAG) HBHCDAT,HBHCDTE,HBHCNOW
 K DA,DD,DO,DIC,DIK,DTOUT,DUOUT,HBHC,HBHCAPDT,HBHCBGDT,HBHCBXRF,HBHCCLN,HBHCCNT,HBHCCPT,HBHCCPTL,HBHCDFN,HBHCDPT,HBHCDX,HBHCDXL,HBHCFLG,HBHCI,HBHCINFO,HBHCJ,HBHCK,HBHCMSG,HBHCNBR,HBHCOEP,HBHCONE,HBHCPCNT,HBHCPRV,HBHCPRV1,HBHCPRVL
 K HBHCSCE0,HBHCTOT,HBHCTXT,TMP,X,Y,%DT,%
 Q

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


(Philadelphia, Pa. – November 7, 2013) – Philadelphia Gas Works' (PGW) Customer Service Centers will be closed on Monday, November 11, 2013, in observance of Veterans Day. Its Commercial Resource Center will also be closed. PGW's Residential Customer Call Center will remain open on November 11 for Emergency calls only.


vSphere Storage Appliance (VSA) is a software product that transforms internal local storage from several ESXi hosts into a single shared storage resource. VSA is easy to install and maintain, with no additional hardware resources required. VSA is designed to provide "Shared Storage For Everyone". Join our Community today.


text:
Rinn or RINN may refer to:

 Rinn, a village in Austria, famous for its district Judenstein
 (Recommended) International Nonproprietary Name

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Ekaterina Kharebava, convicted of 'espionage', is recognised as a political prisoner
posted 22 May 2015, 05:30 by Rights in Russia [ updated 22 May 2015, 05:52 ]
Krasnodar Krai Moscow and Moscow region Political prisoners Secret services On human rights defenders Georgia
On 14 November 2014 Krasnodar regional court sentenced Ekaterina Zhorzhievna Kharebava, b. 1969, to six years in a penal colony under Art. 276 (Espionage) of the Russian Criminal Code. In 2015, the Russian Supreme Court upheld the verdict, dismissing the appeal.
Ekaterina Kharebava, who was working as a market seller in Sochi at that time, was found guilty of witnessing Russian troop movements in August 2008 and "informing the military representative of Georgia of this fact, thereby handing over information constituting a state secret, which harmed the interests of the Russian Federation".
Art. 276 of the Russian Criminal Code defines as a criminal offence the "transfer, and also collection, theft, or keeping for the purpose of transfer to a foreign state, a foreign organisation, or their representatives of information constituting a state secret, and also the transfer or collection of other information under the order of a foreign intelligence service, to the detriment of the external security of the Russian Federation".
There is nothing to suggest that information on the redeployment of troops to Abkhazia in 2008 could have damaged Russia's external security, as it was done with the aim of invading the territory of Georgia from the territory of Abkhazia.
There is also no evidence that Kharebava reported on troop movements under the orders of a foreign intelligence service.
Neither the case documentation nor the findings of military experts attesting to the fact that the information conveyed by Ekaterina Kharebava was a state secret explain how the overt movement of Russian military hardware, witnessed by many other people and reported in the media, could turn out to be classified.
Thus, the actions of Ekaterina Kharebava, who used legal means to pass on unclassified information available to a wide range of individuals, do not fall under this definition of espionage; she is being prosecuted for taking lawful, and not criminally punishable, actions.
The fact that the case against Ekaterina was brought four years after she "committed the acts" in question attests to the political nature of the case.
It was the first in a series of criminal cases that were initiated en masse in 2014-2015 under articles on treason and espionage (Arts. 275 and 276 of the Russian Criminal Code).
They include the cases of Svetlana Davydova, Vladimir Golubev, Evgeny Petrin, Sergei Minakov and others, all of which bear the hallmarks of a political campaign that reflects the government's policy to isolate Russia on the international stage and set it in confrontation with other countries.
No legal evidence was submitted in court in the Kharebava case that the collection of data from Ekaterina's telephone lines had been lawful. This violates her rights, which are guaranteed by the Russian Constitution, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, and other international legal instruments recognised by Russia. It also renders the evidence in question inadmissible and invalidates the legal proceedings based upon that evidence.
After reviewing the case file and facts surrounding the case, the Memorial Human Rights Centre has recognised Ekaterina Kharebava as a political prisoner: it has not been proven that her actions constituted a crime; her rights to privacy of correspondence and fair investigation have been violated; there are indications that documents have been falsified; and her punishment is blatantly selective.
We believe the criminal prosecution of Kharebava to be illegal and politically motivated, and we demand an immediate review of the case and Ekaterina's release.
For more information on this case visit the Memorial Human Rights Centre website.
The recognition of individuals as political prisoners does not mean that the Memorial Human Rights Centre agrees with the views and statements of those recognised as political prisoners, nor does it signify its approval of their statements or actions.
For photos of the Russia - Georgia conflict, see HERE
Translated by Lindsay Munford


text:
Wintergast, een trekvogel die aanwezig is in de winter
Wintergasten (televisieprogramma), een Nederlands tv-programma


text:
Un sistema de navegació per satèl·lit (o la sigla GNSS de l'anglès Global Navigation Satellite System) és una tecnologia basada en satèl·lits que proveeix d'informació de posicionament geoespacial a una escala global. Permet que petits receptors electrònics calculin la localització (longitud, latitud i altitud) amb una elevada precisió (amb un marge d'error de pocs metres) utilitzant els senyals de ràdio de diversos satèl·lits amb els quals tinguin línia de visió. El receptor recull els senyals sincronitzats enviats periòdicament pels satèl·lits i a través de diferents paràmetres (retard, desfasament, variacions en la freqüència) n'estableix la distància relativa. Coneixent la posició de diversos satèl·lits i coneixent la seva posició relativa es pot determinar, mitjançant tècniques similars a la triangulació, la posició del receptor. Els senyals també permeten calcular l'hora local amb una gran precisió, permetent la sincronització horària. Un sistema de navegació per satèl·lit amb xarxa amb cobertura global (a tot el planeta) s'anomena GNSS (acrònim en anglès de Global Navigation Satellite System).

Els receptors sovint incorporen un programari avançat que permet calcular rumbs i velocitat, així com combinar les coordenades rebudes amb mapes de carreteres o rutes marítimes i que faciliten el seguiment de rutes determinades. Alguns receptors fins i tot suggereixen els camins òptims a seguir. En alguns països es combinen les dades rebudes per satèl·lit amb altres canals d'informació (sovint ràdios d'emissió terrestre) que proporcionen l'estat del trànsit en totes les vies, obtenint de forma automàtica rutes per evitar aglomeracions de trànsit.

A data d'abril de 2013 només hi ha dos sistemes de navegació per satèl·lit amb cobertura global: el NAVSTAR Global Positioning System (GPS), operat pels Estats Units, i el sistema GLONASS operat per Rússia. Xina està en procés d'expansió del seu sistema, anomenat Beidou, i té planificat arribar a una cobertura global l'any 2020. El sistema Galileo de la Unió Europea es troba en la fase de desplegament inicial, amb previsió de plena operativitat a partir del 2020.

Història i antecedents

Un precursor primerenc dels sistemes de navegació per satèl·lit van ser els sistemes terrestres LORAN i Omega, que utilitzaven radiotransmissors de baixa freqüència (100 kHz) terrestres en comptes dels satèl·lits en òrbita. Aquests sistemes difonien un senyal de ràdio des d'una localització "mestra" coneguda, seguit per senyals repetits des d'un nombre d'estacions "esclaves". El retard entre la recepció i l'enviament del senyal en les estacions auxiliars era mesurat, permetent als receptors comparar el retard entre la recepció i el retard entre enviats. A través d'aquest mètode es pot conèixer la distància a cadascuna de les estacions auxiliars.

El primer sistema de navegació per satèl·lit va ser el Transit, un sistema desplegat per l'exèrcit dels Estats Units els anys 1960. La tecnologia emprada es basava en l'efecte Doppler. Els satèl·lits viatgen en trajectòries conegudes i difonen els seus senyals a una freqüència coneguda. La freqüència rebuda es diferencia lleugerament de la freqüència difosa a causa del moviment del satèl·lit respecte al receptor. Monitoritzant aquest canvi de freqüència a intervals curts, el receptor pot determinar la seva localització a un costat o l'altre del satèl·lit, la combinació de diverses d'aquestes mesures, unida a un coneixement exacte de l'òrbita del satèl·lit permetien fixar una posició concreta.

El sistema GPS va ser el primer sistema de navegació per satèl·lit global i el més utilitzat i conegut encara avui en dia. Va ser desenvolupat el 1973 per superar les limitacions dels sistemes anteriors El sistema GPS va ser creat i portat a terme pel Departament de Defensa dels Estats Units i originalment havia de comptar amb 24 satèl·lits. L'any 1995 va arribar a l'estat operatiu obrint-se també més tard als usos civils.

Tot i això el sistema Glonass també es va desenvolupar des de l'any 1968 i s'ha anat modernitzant fins a ser un sistema d'abast mundial i ús públic a partir del 2013.

Teoria i característiques fonamentals
La radionavegació per satèl·lit es basa en el càlcul d'una posició sobre la superfície terrestre mesurant les distàncies d'un mínim de tres satèl·lits de posició coneguda. Un quart satèl·lit aportarà, a més, l'altitud. La precisió de les mesures de distància determina l'exactitud de la ubicació final. A la pràctica, un receptor capta els senyals de sincronització emesa pels satèl·lits que conté la posició del satèl·lit i el temps exacte en què aquesta va ser transmesa. La posició del satèl·lit es transmet en un missatge de dades que se superposa en un codi que serveix com a referència de la sincronització. Empra un motor de correlació que ho calcula directament en un maquinari especialitzat.

La precisió de la posició depèn de l'exactitud de la informació del temps, cal que la mesura d'aquest sigui exacte en els diferents satèl·lits per calcular diferències en el senyal molt petites. Només els cronòmetres atòmics proveeixen la precisió requerida de l'ordre de nanosegons (10-9 s). Per això el satèl·lit utilitza un rellotge atòmic per estar sincronitzat amb la resta de satèl·lits del sistema. El receptor compara el temps de la difusió, que s'envia codificat amb la transmissió, amb el temps de la recepció, mesurat pel mateix rellotge, obtenint el "temps de vol" del senyal des del primer satèl·lit. Aquests cronòmetres constitueixen un element tecnològic fonamental a bord dels satèl·lits que conformen les constel·lacions GNSS i poden contribuir a definir patrons de temps internacionals. La sincronització es millorarà amb la inclusió del senyal emès per un quart satèl·lit. En el disseny de la constel·lació de satèl·lits es presta atenció especial a la selecció del nombre d'aquests i a les seves òrbites, perquè sempre estiguin visibles en quantitat suficient des de qualsevol lloc de la superfície terrestre i així assegurar la disponibilitat i precisió del senyal.

Cada mesura de la distància posa al receptor en una semiesfera d'ones de ràdio que permeten calcular la separació amb el satèl·lit emissor. Prenent diverses mesures i després buscant el punt on es tallen, s'obté la posició. No obstant això, en el cas d'un receptor mòbil que es desplaça ràpidament, la posició del senyal es mou mentre que els senyals de diversos satèl·lits són rebuts. A més, els senyals de ràdio es retarden una mica quan passen a través de la ionosfera. El càlcul bàsic procura trobar la línia tangent més curta a quatre semiesferes centrades en quatre satèl·lits. Els receptors de navegació per satèl·lit redueixen els errors usant combinacions de senyals de múltiples satèl·lits i correlacions múltiples, utilitzant llavors tècniques com filtres de Kalman per combinar les dades parcials, afectats per soroll i en constant canvi, en una sola estimació de posició, temps i velocitat.

Sistemes de Posicionament per Satèl·lits actuals
Actualment, el Sistema de Posicionament Global (GPS) dels Estats Units d'Amèrica i el Sistema Orbital Mundial de Navegació per Satèl·lit (GLONASS) de la Federació Russa són els únics que formen part del concepte GNSS. El Panell de Sistemes de Navegació (NPS), l'ens de l'Organització Internacional d'Aviació Civil encarregat d'actualitzar els estàndards i pràctiques recomanades del GNSS, té en el seu programa de treball corrent l'estudi de l'addició del sistema de navegació per satèl·lit Galileo desenvolupat per la Unió Europea.

Altres sistemes de navegació satelital que podrien ser o no adoptats internacionalment per a l'aviació civil com a part del GNSS i que estan en procés de desenvolupament són el Beidou/Compass Navigation Test System de la República Popular de la Xina, el QZSS (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System) del Japó i el IRNSS (Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System) de l'Índia.

NAVSTAR-GPS

El  NAVSTAR-GPS  (Navigation System and Ranging - Global Position System), conegut simplement com a GPS, és un sistema de radionavegació basat en satèl·lits que utilitza mesures de distància precises de satèl·lits GPS per determinar la posició (el GPS té un error nominal en el càlcul de la posició d'aproximadament 15 m) i l'hora arreu del món. El sistema és operat pel Departament de Defensa del Govern dels Estats Units. El sistema està format per una xarxa de 24 a 27 satèl·lits que es mouen en òrbita a 20.000 km aproximadament, al voltant de sis plans amb una inclinació de 55 graus.

GLONASS

El  Sistema Mundial de Navegació per Satèl·lits  (GLONASS) proporciona determinacions tridimensionals de posició i velocitat basades en els mesuraments del temps de trànsit i de desviació Doppler dels senyals de ràdio freqüència (RF) transmesos pels satèl·lits GLONASS. El sistema és operat pel Ministeri de Defensa de la Federació Russa i ha estat utilitzat com a reserva per alguns receptors comercials de GPS.

Després del desmembrament de la Unió Soviètica i a causa de la manca de recursos, el sistema va perdre operativitat en no reemplaçar els satèl·lits. En l'actualitat (2019) el govern rus amb participació de socis privats, ha aconseguit que la xarxa GLONASS torni a estar operativa completament i pugui donar servei al mateix nivell que GPS, tot millorant el posicionament als pols, degut a la distribució dels seus satèl·lits.

Sistemes de Posicionament per satèl·lit en projecte
Actualment diversos països intenten desenvolupar sistemes propis; com és el cas de la Xina, Japó, Índia, França o Europa.

Galileo

 Galileo  és la iniciativa de la Unió Europea i l'Agència Espacial Europea, que van acordar desenvolupar un sistema de radionavegació per satèl·lit d'última generació i d'abast mundial propi, que brinda un servei d'ubicació a l'espai precís i garantit, sota control civil.

El sistema Galileo, amb un cost estimat de 300.000 milions d'euros, comprendrà una xarxa de 30 satèl·lits dividits en tres òrbites circulars, a una altitud d'aproximadament 24.000 km, que cobriran tota la superfície del planeta. Aquests estaran recolzats per una xarxa mundial d'estacions terrestres. El primer satèl·lit va ser llançat el 28 de desembre de 2005 i s'espera que el sistema estigui completament operatiu a partir del 2020 (amb un retard important sobre l'inicialment previst). Galileo serà compatible amb la propera generació de NAVSTAR-GPS que estarà operativa a partir del 2012. Els receptors podran combinar els senyals de 30 satèl·lits de Galileo i 28 del GPS, augmentant la precisió de les mesures.

Beidou

 Beidou  és un sistema de navegació per satèl·lit regional desenvolupat per la Xina. Aquesta versió amb cobertura a l'Àsia oriental i l'Oceà Pacífic compta amb 10 satèl·lits i va ser completada el desembre de 2011. Actualment estan ampliant la xarxa per esdevenir un sistema global amb previsió de completar-ho el 2020. Aquest sistema global s'anomenarà Compass.

Aplicacions

Ús militar

L'origen de la navegació per satèl·lit va ser militar, permetent un salt qualitatiu en la precisió de la localització dels mateixos efectius i en el guiatge d'armes ofensives. La navegació per satèl·lit permet arribar a una precisió molt major que les tecnologies inercials i de ràdio terrestre anteriors.

Usos civils

Algunes de les aplicacions civils on s'utilitzen els senyals GNSS són les següents:
 Localització i navegació assistida per a mitjans de transport (automòbils, camions, vaixells, etc.) així com desplaçaments a peu.
 Sincronització horària.
 Geolocalització de fotografies.
 Sistemes de localització per emergències.
 Seguiment dels dispositius usats en el control i conservació de fauna.
 Geomàtica.

Navegació aèria

La navegació aèria es considera el GNSS com un sistema mundial de determinació de la posició i l'hora, que inclou les xarxes principals de satèl·lits, els receptors instal·lats en l'aeronau, el control i supervisió d'integritat del sistema, i els sistemes d'augment que milloren les capacitats.

Aquests són reconeguts per l'Organització d'Aviació Civil Internacional (OACI) com un element clau en els sistemes de Comunicacions, Navegació i Vigilància que recolzen el control del trànsit aeri (CNS/ATM), així com un fonament sobre el qual els estats poden subministrar serveis de navegació aeronàutics millorats. Els estats que autoritzen operacions GNSS són els responsables de determinar si el mateix satisfà els requisits d'actuació requerits per a aquesta activitat a l'espai aeri de la seva competència i de notificar als usuaris quan aquesta actuació no compleix amb aquests.

S'està implantant el GNSS en la navegació aèria de forma gradual. Quan els sistemes GNSS estiguin completament desenvolupats, es preveu que pugui ser utilitzat sense requerir ajuda de qualsevol altre sistema de navegació convencional, des de l'enlairament fins a completar un aterratge de precisió Categoria I, II o III, és a dir, en totes les fases de vol.

Sistemes d'augmentació GNSS

Les constel·lacions de GPS i GLONASS no es van elaborar per satisfer els requisits estrictes (precisió, integritat, disponibilitat i continuïtat) de la navegació aèria per instruments (IFR). Una explicació breu del significat dels requisits operacionals és la següent:
 Exactitud: Diferència entre la posició estimada i la real (mesura d'errors).
 Integritat: Confiança sobre la informació total proporcionada (alertes de no utilització).
 Continuïtat: Funcionament sense interrupcions no programades.
 Disponibilitat: És la part del temps durant la qual el sistema presenta simultàniament l'exactitud, integritat i continuïtat requerides.

Per garantir que els GNSS actuals compleixin aquests requisits en totes les fases del vol (des de l'enlairament, en ruta, fins a un aterratge de precisió), per al GPS i GLONASS es requereixen tecnologies complementàries d'"augmentació" per tal de millorar les seves característiques.

Tres sistemes d'augmentació, el sistema basat en l'aeronau (Aircraft Based Augmentation System - ABAS), el basat en terra (Ground Based Augmentation System - GBAS), i el basat en satèl·lits (Satellite Based Augmentation system - SBAS), s'han dissenyat i normalitzat per superar les limitacions inherents als GPS.

Per a aplicacions en temps real, les correccions dels paràmetres dels satèl·lits GNSS existents (GPS i GLONASS) hauran de ser transmeses als usuaris a través d'equips de ràdio VHF (GBAS) o si es requereix una àmplia cobertura a través de satèl·lits geoestacionaris que emetin pseudocodi amb informació de correcció (SBAS).

Augmentació basada en l'aeronau (ABAS)
Tecnologia basada en sistema integrats en l'aviònica de l'aeronau. Entre els sistemes que atorguen aquesta augmentació als receptors GPS hi ha els sistemes de receptor amb Supervisió Autònoma de la Integritat i la funció de Detecció d'Errors i Exclusió. Els ABAS proporcionen la integritat requerida per utilitzar el GPS com a mitjà únic suplementari i principal de navegació durant la sortida, en ruta, l'arribada i per aproximacions de precisió i no-precisió.

Augmentació obtinguda a partir de terra (GBAS)
GBAS és un terme que comprèn tots els sistemes d'augmentació basats en estacions terrestres. Es diferencien dels SBAS en el fet que no depenen de satèl·lits geoestacionaris, pel fet que el GBAS no està dissenyat per donar servei sobre àmplies regions geogràfiques.

Augmentació obtinguda a partir de satèl·lits (SBAS)
SBAS és un terme que comprèn tots els sistemes d'augmentació basats en satèl·lits que estan en desenvolupament. Els sistemes SBAS que s'estan implementant són el WAAS (Estats Units ), l'EGNOS (Unió Europea) i l'MSAS (Japó). Es troben en procés de desenvolupament sistemes amb funcions equiparables a l'Índia, Xina i Llatinoamèrica.

Vulnerabilitats dels sistemes de posicionament per satèl·lits
Un dels inconvenients d'aquests sistemes de navegació és el seu elevat cost, ja que per garantir una cobertura mínima són necessaris més de 20 satèl·lits operatius. A més, per a poder determinar la posició exacta de cadascun es necessita una sincronia quasi-perfecta dels rellotges atòmics de bord. Tant el sistema GPS com el GLONASS proporcionen una baixa fiabilitat en la determinació d'alçades, per tant no són vàlids per a utilitzar-se en navegació aeronàutica com a únic sistema. L'EGNOS és un sistema de navegació mitjançant satèl·lits geoestacionaris que permet, en combinació amb els altres sistemes d'informació complementària, determinar posicions molt més precises.

La vulnerabilitat més notable dels GNSS és la possibilitat de ser interferida el senyal de ràdio (la interferència existeix a totes les bandes de radionavegació). Hi ha diverses fonts de possible interferència, tant dins de la banda de freqüències utilitzada com fora d'aquesta, particularment per enllaços de microones terrestres punt a punt permesos per diversos estats (1559 - 1610 MHz).

Els senyals dels sistemes GNSS són vulnerables a causa de la potència relativament baixa del senyal rebut, ja que provenen de satèl·lits i cada senyal cobreix una fracció significativament gran de la superfície terrestre.

En aviació, les normes i mètodes recomanats (SARPS) de l'OACI per als GNSS exigeixen un nivell de rendiment específic en presència de nivells d'interferència definits per la màscara d'interferència del receptor. Aquests nivells d'interferència són generalment d'acord amb el reglament de la Unió Internacional de Telecomunicacions (UIT). La interferència de nivells superiors a la màscara pot causar pèrdua de servei però no es permet que aquesta interferència resulti en informació perillosa o que indueixi a error.

Les interferències poden ser voluntàries o involuntàries.

Interferència involuntària
La probabilitat i conseqüències operacionals d'aquesta interferència varien amb el medi. No es considera una amenaça important sempre que els estats exerceixin el control i protecció adequats de l'espectre electromagnètic, tant per a les atribucions de freqüències existents com noves. A més, la introducció de nous senyals GNSS en noves freqüències assegurarà que la interferència no intencional no provoqui la pèrdua completa del servei (sortida), encara que experimenti cert deteriorament en el seu rendiment.

S'ha determinat que la major part dels casos d'interferència de GNSS notificats prové dels sistemes de bord i l'experiència amb la instal·lació del GNSS ha permès identificar diverses fonts d'interferència involuntària. Els dispositius electrònics portàtils també poden causar interferència al GNSS i altres sistemes de navegació.

Les fonts terrestres d'interferència inclouen actualment les comunicacions VHF mòbils i fixes, enllaços de ràdio punt a punt a la banda de freqüències GNSS, harmòniques d'estacions de televisió, certs sistemes de radar, sistemes de comunicacions mòbils per satèl·lit i sistemes militars. Les ciutats grans amb fonts considerables d'interferència de radiofreqüències, els llocs industrials, etc., Són més propensos a la interferència involuntària que les regions remotes, on aquesta interferència és molt poc factible. La probabilitat d'aquesta interferència depèn de la reglamentació estatal de l'espectre, de l'administració de freqüències i del seu compliment a cada estat o regió.

Interferència intencional
A causa de la seva poca potència, els senyals dels GNSS poden bloquejar amb transmissors de baixa potència. Encara que no s'han registrat casos de bloqueig intencional dirigit a aeronaus civils, per exemple, la possibilitat d'obstrucció intencional del senyal ha de considerar i avaluar com una amenaça. Si l'impacte és mínim, l'amenaça potencial és baixa, ja que no hi ha motivació per interferir. La magnitud de l'impacte potencial pot augmentar segons el GNSS tingui més aplicacions i es depengui més d'aquest sistema.

La interferència per simulació de senyals (spoofing) és la corrupció intencional de senyals de navegació perquè l'aeronau es desviï i segueixi una trajectòria de vol falsa. La simulació de senyals de GNSS per satèl·lit és tecnològicament molt més complexa que la simulació de radioajudes sa la navegació convencionals basades en terra. La simulació de radiodifusió de dades GBAS és tan difícil com la simulació de radioajudes d'aterratge convencionals.

Tot i que la interferència per simulació de senyals teòricament pot induir a una aeronau determinada a errors de navegació, és molt probable que es detecti amb procediments normals (Per exemple, vigilant la trajectòria de vol i la distància als punts de recorregut o mitjançant vigilància radar). Els sistemes d'advertència de proximitat del terreny (GPWS) i anticol·lisió de bord (ACAS) donen protecció addicional contra col·lisions amb el terreny i amb altres aeronaus. En vista de la dificultat d'interferir per simulació amb els GNSS, no es consideren necessàries mesures operacionals singulars per mitigar-la.

Efectes ionosfèrics i altres efectes atmosfèrics
Les precipitacions fortes només atenuen els senyals de satèl·lit GNSS una petita fracció de dB i no n'afecta la utilització operacional. Els efectes troposfèrics es tracten mitjançant el disseny del sistema i no representen un aspecte de vulnerabilitat. Però hi ha dos fenòmens ionosfèrics que sí que s'han de considerar:

  Canvis ionosfèrics ràpids i grans . A prop de l'equador geomagnètic s'observen freqüentment canvis ràpids i grans a la ionosfera, però el seu efecte no és prou gran per a afectar les operacions en ruta ni les d'aproximacions que no són de precisió. Els canvis ionosfèrics causen errors de telemetria que cal tenir en compte en el disseny del sistema donat es poden mitigar amb l'ús de sistemes d'augmentació GNSS (SBAS, ABAS, GBAS), encara que poden limitar els serveis GBAS i SBAS que proporcionin a la regió equatorial i utilitzen una freqüència GNSS única.

  El centelleig ionosfèric . Aquest és insignificant en les latituds mitjanes però en les regions equatorials, i en menor grau en les altes latituds, aquest pot causar la pèrdua temporal dels senyals d'un o més satèl·lits. L'experiència operacional en les regions equatorials ha demostrat que la probabilitat de pèrdua del servei GNSS actual és poca a causa del nombre relativament gran de satèl·lits a la vista. El centelleig pot interrompre la recepció de la radiodifusió dels satèl·lits d'òrbita geoestacionària (GEO) del SBAS, però és poc probable que provoqui la pèrdua completa del servei GNSS i pot mitigar amb l'agregat de nous senyals i satèl·lits.

Altres vulnerabilitats
També cal considerar les vulnerabilitats dels segments terrestre i espacial del GNSS. Hi ha el risc de nombre insuficient de satèl·lits en una xarxa donada a causa de la manca de recursos per mantenir-la, errors en els llançaments o de satèl·lit. Una decisió del segment de control de la xarxa o un error humà poden arribar a causar la fallada de múltiples satèl·lits simultàniament.

Un altre risc és la interrupció del servei o la seva degradació durant una situació d'estat d'emergència nacional. Els països que proveir senyals per a la navegació per satèl·lit poden negar la seva disponibilitat, és el que s'anomena disponibilitat selectiva. El propietari d'un sistema de navegació per satèl·lit té la capacitat de degradar o eliminar serveis basats en els satèl·lits de la navegació sobre qualsevol territori que desitgi. Així, si la navegació per satèl·lit es converteix en un servei essencial, els països sense els seus propis sistemes de navegació per satèl·lit es convertiran en clients dels estats que proveeixin aquests serveis.

En el cas del trànsit aeri si la denegació de senyal és regional, es bloquejarien tots els senyals civils de GNSS i l'espai aeri afectat estaria tancat al trànsit aeri civil.

Els nous senyals i xarxes principals de satèl·lits reduiran considerablement la vulnerabilitat del GNSS. La utilització de senyals més forts i les freqüències diverses planejades per al GPS, el GLONASS i Galileo s'eliminaran efectivament el risc d'interferència involuntària, ja que és molt poc probable que una font de tal interferència afecti simultàniament a més d'una freqüència.

Més satèl·lits (fins i tot diversos sistemes diferenciades) permeten eliminar el risc d'interrupcions completes del GNSS degudes al centelleig i la multiplicitat de freqüències mitigarà l'efecte dels canvis ionosfèrics. Els futurs satèl·lits geoestacionaris mitigaran l'efecte de la ionosfera al SBAS usant satèl·lits les línies visuals estiguin separades si més no a 45°.

Els senyals més robustos i les noves freqüències del GNSS fan més difícil interferir intencionadament amb tots els serveis GNSS. Més xarxes de satèl·lits redueixen el risc de fallada del sistema, d'errors operacionals o d'interrupcions del servei. També poden seguir proporcionant servei mundial en el cas poc probable que el proveïdor d'un element de GNSS modifiqui o denegui el servei a causa de situacions de règims d'excepció d'un estat.

L'administració i un finançament del sistema són essencials per a l'operació contínua dels serveis GNSS i per mitigar les vulnerabilitats del sistema esmentades, excepte la possible interrupció global del servei deguda a una emergència nacional. Un mitjà efectiu de mitigar la vulnerabilitat d'interrupció global és que els proveïdors de serveis adoptin una política de denegació regional en cas d'emergència nacional.

Vegeu també
 Sistema de posicionament global
 Transponedor
 Motor de correlació
 Receptor GPS
 Geocaching
 Informació de trànsit
 NMEA
 RINEX
 GLONASS
 Sistema de posicionament europeu Galileo
 TMC
 Waypoints
 Servei basat en localització

Referències

Bibliografia
 Doc 9849 OACI "Manual sobre el Sistema Mundial de navegació per satèl·lit (GNSS)". Primera Edició 2005.
 Material de Seminaris OACI:
 Seminari ATN/GNSS Antiga, Guatemala 1999
 Seminari ATN/GNSS Varadero, Cuba 2002
 Seminari GNSS Bogotà, Colòmbia 2005
 Informe Final de l'11a Conferència Mundial de Navegació Aèria, Montreal, Canadà 2003
 Materials del Grup de Tasques GNSS del Subgrup CNS/ATM del GREPECAs (OACI) (2005-2006)
 Materials del Grup Coordinador del Projecte OACI RLA/03/902 "Sistema d'augmentació GNSS per al Carib, Centre i Sud Amèrica (SACCSA)"
 "Evolution of The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)". C. G. Hegarty i E. Chatre. A "Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol 96, N º 12, Dec.2008", pp. 1902ss
 "Satellite Radiolocalization From GPS to GNSS and Beyond: Novel Technologies and Applications for Civil Mass–Market", C. Fernández Prades, L. Lo Presti i E. Falleti. A Proceedings of the IEEE. Vol 99, No. 11, pp. 1882-1904. Nov. 2011.

Enllaços externs

 Web oficial de Glonass
 Informació sobre EGNOS
 GPS
 GALILEO
 GNSS-SDR, un receptor GNSS definit per programari amb codi obert.

Navegació electrònica
Sistemes de navegació per satèl·lit


text:
TEST(MlabTest, PublicInterface) {
  {
    mlab::Host host(mlab::ns::GetHostForTool("npad"));
    mlab::ClientSocket* socket = mlab::ClientSocket::CreateOrDie(host, 8000);
    delete socket;
  }
  {
    mlab::Host host(mlab::ns::GetHostForToolAndMetro("npad", "ath"));
    mlab::ClientSocket* socket = mlab::ClientSocket::CreateOrDie(host, 8000);
    delete socket;
  }
}


text:
Q: Can we set up a server open to the world using a Virtual Machine? I'm running an Arch based GNU/linux system, and because I'm on a lan without access to the Router, there is no way to make a self hosted site available to the web. In fact it would be nice to use it for different services, not only web. I know how to install and configure (the basic) HTTP-Apache server and SMB-Samba server.
I've read somewhere that VMs hold a Public IP (somehow).
This are two short questions:

*

*Is this true?

*Should I install something like ubuntu server and that's all?

Any ideas or guidance very welcome.

A: No. A VM does not magically get access to something that the host does not have.
If the host has no access to the internet, then the VM has no access.
However you may have been reading something about hosted VMs at a different location.
If you router has its own IP address (not shared), then you may be able to set up port forwarding.
You may be able to set up a IPv6 tunnel (IPv6 only).
You may be able to set up a IPv4 tunnel (If you have access to another public machine).


text:
Home » Business » Cancellations spike, bookings drop as states limit air ops
Cancellations spike, bookings drop as states limit air ops
Monday, May 25th, 2020 at 9:30 AM
Photo Credit :
New Delhi: A massive spike in ticket cancellations, along with a drop in bookings, was reported by the aviation industry for Monday's flights as several states moved to limit air operations.
Consequently, in order to calm nervous passengers, the Centre said that barring just two states, the rest of the country is open to accept domestic flights. On Sunday evening, Union Civil Aviation Minister Hardeep Singh Puri tweeted that states across the country will resume domestic flight services on Monday except for Andhra Pradesh and West Bengal.
Airports in Andhra Pradesh will resume services on Tuesday, May 26 and West Bengal will restart on Thursday, May 28.
"It has been a long day of hard negotiations with various state govt to recommence civil aviation operations in the country. Except for Andhra Pradesh which will start on 26/5 & West Bengal on 28/5, domestic flights will recommence across the country from tomorrow," Puri tweeted.
Sources said that starting May 28, Kolkata and Bagdogra airports will each handle 10 arrivals and 10 departures per day.
Further, according to people in the know, both Vijayawada and Vizag airports in Andhra Pradesh will have 20 per cent of both arrivals and departures as planned under the Summer Schedule.
Hyderabad will resume services on Monday with 15 arrivals and 15 departures, sources said.
In another tweet, the minister said that starting Monday, there will be limited flights from Mumbai and as per approved one-third schedule from other airports in the state.
"As per the request of state govt, operations in Andhra Pradesh will recommence on a limited scale from 26 May. For Tamil Nadu, there will be max 25 arrivals in Chennai but there's no limit on the number of departures. For other airports in TN flights will operate as in other parts of the country," Puri said.
Resultantly, passengers, who had booked for flights on these and another intra-metro route segment for May 25, rushed to cancel their tickets.
Notably impacted was the Delhi-Mumbai trunk route followed by flights to Bengaluru and Kolkata.
Industry insiders pointed out that majority of bookings received were for flights between metro cities, due to the "pent-up demand", but now with limited operations and quarantine norms, a large number of queries have been received from passengers travelling to these cities.
Even airline executives were left in a lurch as state after state came out with new norms for accepting flights, thereby, distorting their network planning.
Another daunting confusion was over the quarantine norm which many states said they will enforce on air travellers.
This led to a cascade of calls at the customer care centres of online travel agents.
Nevertheless, many passengers still wanted to travel, if they were provided with a choice for 'Home Quarantine'.
Except for intra-metro routes, the total cancellations would have come to only about 15 per cent of the entire network, industry insiders told IANS.
In terms of bookings, a sharp drop of over 50 per cent was witnessed on Sunday on a daily sequential basis.
"All the passengers booking flights currently are travelling for their essential needs and multiple changes in the directives by individual states have left them utterly disappointed. Now with the operation of only a fraction of earlier approved flights has caused a spike in cancellations and the passengers are once again left high and dry by the government," Nishant Pitti, CEO and Co-Founder of EaseMyTrip.com, told IANS.
"In addition, to the continued uncertainty in their travel plan, more money will be blocked with the airlines."
Aloke Bajpai, CEO & Co-Founder, ixigo, said: "There is some apprehension amongst travellers with the constantly evolving state-specific quarantine protocols."
"There might be a slight increase in cancellation or reschedule requests from travellers in the coming few days specifically for states that are not allowing air travel to resume starting tomorrow. We hope the state governments can take a more pragmatic and compassionate view of the situation given a vast majority of bookers are going back to their homes or travelling for essential or emergency reasons."
On its part, the Centre had previously urged the state governments not to implement quarantine norms since inter-state transportation services are allowed under the provisions of lockdown 4.0.
During an online question and answer session on Saturday, Puri had said: "In a receiving state, if an incoming passenger has 'Aarogya Setu' app, and if he or she is green, why would the receiving state want to quarantine them after that."
"It's not that if you don't have an Aarogya Setu app, you will not be allowed to travel. We have said it is advisory, it is preferable… If you don't have Aarogya Setu you can give a self-declaration, if you don't have an app… If somebody has symptoms they will be stopped at the airport. Why would any state want to quarantine somebody after these facts."
Earlier, air passengers gave an overwhelming response to the re-commencement of passenger flight services from May 25, as healthy demand was witnessed for tickets on all metro routes.
The Centre had only allowed limited passenger flight operations of about one-third capacity of the summer schedule to operate between metro cities and other destinations from May 25, adding that this capacity might be ramped up in the coming period.
Passenger air services were suspended for both scheduled domestic and international flights since March 25, due to the imposition of the nationwide lockdown in the wake of the Covid-19 outbreak.
Download News Karnataka App for latest Karnataka News for Kannadigas across the globe.
MANY DROPS MAKE AN OCEAN
Support NewsKarnataka's quality independent journalism with a small contribution.
CLICK HERE to Subscribe Now
Previous Article Air services resume at Bengaluru International airport from today
Next Article E-Journalist training mentored by GYAN set to propel Village TV to the next level


There are a lot of curricula which include hints for the right methods to be used for training and teaching. If this is sensible, then it is taken in account that there are specific conditions for teaching and training in differing institutional contexts (as work places or schools), and that teaching/training methods have even more to reflect the specific character of the target groups to be taught, trained, and or coached.
This has, however, nothing to do with the main requirements of a learning outcome oriented curriculum; learning outcomes can steer training design only insofar as training and education should put a strong focus on the application and the transferability of the abilities to be developed. This requires of course the promotion and application of methods that facilitate the development and the transferability of knowledge, skills and competences and can be assessed in a corresponding assessment. Such methods are e.g. simulations, training on the job, project work and many other methods and approaches that faciliate a learner centred approach of education and training.
However the degree to which this is possible depends upon the above mentioned conditions under which training and education takes place. At any rate, there are no formal methodical requirements which have to be considered substantial with regard to EQF adaptability when looking exclusively at curricula and course implementation.