text:
Author: Marielle
June 18, 2017 by Marielle
Facebook safety check-ins
I just got back from a vacation in France and noticed a heavier military presence that what I am used to in Canada. Considering France had experienced some terrorism in the recent past, this had me wondering if such an attack would happen while I was there, and if I would have to use the Facebook safety check-in.
Facebook created the Facebook check-in for natural disasters, such as the earthquake in Nepal and the tsunami in Japan, in 2014 and then later decided to use it for terrorist attacks. Marc Zuckerberg's announcement of the feature is below, and it includes an image of what the feature looks like.
During the London attacks there were a plethora of online images created displaying the words #prayforlondon.
Source: The Guardian
In 2016 there were multiple simultaneous terrorist attacks in France with 128 killed. Facebook created the safety check in to mark themselves as safe. It was created in April that year for the Nepal earthquake. The Twitter hashtag #PorteOuverte, #prayforparis, #StrandedInUS, #RechercheParis, and #UneBougiePourParis. People started using the French flag filter on their profile pictures to show solidarity with France.
I remember there being a controversy over the safety check-in that it only occurred with when European countries were attacked and not for other countries. Now if I steer the discussion back to my own travel, what would happen if I were traveling to a country rendered unimportant to Facebook? Does there simply need to be a terrorist attack or do people need to die? I remember when two Canadian military personnel were killed by acts for terror. Would Facebook create a safety check-in for that?
Regardless, if I were travelling I would find the safety check-in useful, but not anymore useful than posting words directly into the newsfeed. The people who matter such as my family are not people I keep on Facebook anyway. Additionally, I'd be more concerned with staying safe and following the events on the news than posting on social media.
Twitter promo:
What do you think about #Facebook's #SafetyCheck? http://bit.ly/2sEC0Zg Let me know in the poll below!
a) It's a great feature. I like to know that my friends are safe.
b) Lame. It's a selective feature and rarely gets used.
c) I don't know
d) Other
Facebook promo:
Facebook created safety check-ins for the Nepal earthquake and Japan Tsunami. It later created them for terrorist attacks in Europe. Would you use the feature or not? Tell me what you think, below. http://bit.ly/2sEC0Zg
Behold, the offshore data banks… Could Ireland be the new Barbados for tech?
The topic of this blog post is on the phenomenon of social media networking sites' parent companies being located in Ireland, and the role of governments in protecting these companies as well as their citizens.
Why is Ireland is Twitter's privacy policy?
I was originally looking to do a comparison between Twitter's American and "everywhere else" privacy policies. As I read them, they stated that their headquarters were located in Ireland. Later, when I revised the topic of privacy and googled cases where European governments had challenged Facebook, I found numerous articles indicating that Facebook had won a case against the Belgian Privacy Commission in 2015 because it was registered in Ireland and protected by the law of Ireland.
Why did the Belgian Privacy Commission try to use Facebook?
in 2015 for collecting data on individuals who were not Facebook users and monitoring Facebook users when they were logged out, through cookies and pixels installed on their computers. Therefore someone without a Facebook account may unknowingly install cookies and pixels on their computer by clicking on sites with Facebook plug-ins, which breaches consent to do so. The Belgian Privacy Commission recently published recommendations this year pertaining to the processing of personal data by Facebook through cookies, social plug-ins and pixels. They are not giving up the fight to protect the privacy of Belgian people.
Wait, there's more companies headquartered in Ireland?
After doing a little more digging, I discovered other networking sites and companies that are located in Ireland as well, such as Google, Apple, Microsoft, Uber and AirBnB (Worstall, 2013). The incentive for this they say, is the corporate tax rate. If a corporation is located in Ireland, it pays tax on profits made in Ireland, not on the profits made in other EU countries.
Could Brexit mean new HQs in London?
A recent Forbes article indicates that Snap, Snapchat's parent company is considering moving their HQ to London, England, as opposed to Ireland (Worstall, 2017). With the changes, profits made outside the UK are exempt from taxation, although the tax rate is still higher than Irelands. The reason for the move has to do with proximity to their brands and users, and the larger population which makes it easier to attract young workers.
It will be interesting to see future trends in where American companies choose to register their parent companies, and if more companies will locate to London or not following post-Brexit policy changes. In Snap's case, it wasn't the corporate tax rate, that led to choose London as their next headquarters. Regardless of where head offices locate in the future, for the most part, the world's online data currently appears to be subject to Irish data use laws.
What do you think about American #socialmediacompanies registering #parentcompanies in #Ireland? https://goo.gl/I0Rmf2
Do you think that #Brexit will mean more #tech companies for #London? https://goo.gl/I0Rmf2
Social media companies have been registering parent companies in Ireland due to a lower corporate tax. However cases against Facebook for privacy breaches have been overturned because Irish law protections.
Gibbs, Samuel. 23 February, 2015. Facebook's privacy policy breaches European law, report finds. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2015/feb/23/facebooks-privacy-policy-breaches-european-law-report-finds
Ausschuss fur den Schutz des Privatlebens (Commission for the pretection of privacy). 16 May, 2017. The Belgian Privacy Commission publishes new recommendations relating to the processing of personal data by Facebook through cookies, social plug-ins and pixels. https://www.privacycommission.be/de/node/19987
Worstall, Tim. 13 Spetember, 2013. What A Surprise, AirBnB Chooses Dublin As European Headquarters, Here Comes The 2% Tax Rate. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2013/09/13/what-a-surprise-airbnb-chooses-dublin-as-european-headqaurters-here-comes-the-2-tax-rate/#b61dc0a42a55
Worstall, Tim. 10 January, 2017. Snapchat's London International HQ Decisions Rests On One Single British Policy Change. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/timworstall/2017/01/10/snapchats-london-international-hq-decision-rest-on-one-single-british-policy-change/#367d40a96b7e
June 3, 2017 by Marielle
Facebook spends $23 Billion in acquisitions
Source: Business Insider. http://bit.ly/2mbWv9Y
This blog post is on Facebook acquisitions, and in large part a reaction to this infographic. My findings are based on an evaluation of the infographic illustrating a timeline of app acquisitions by date, and for the dollar amount purchased. I conclude that as of 2012, Facebook has taken measures to remain ahead of the competition in mobile apps and in new markets. Through it's app purchases, we can see that it is positioning itself to be a leader in the world of virtual reality.
Facebook spent over $23B on apps!
The infographic illustrates that from 2005 to 2016 Facebook spent a total of $23,124,700,000 -more than the GDP of Fiji, Zimbabwe and Maldives combined on the acquisition of 60 apps! The year 2012 seems to have marked a new phase in Facebook's purchasing decisions, through the purchase of apps for billions of dollars. It acquired Instagram for $1 Billion, in April 2012, the first of apps bought in the billion dollar range. WhatsApp, a messaging app was purchased in February 2014 for $19 Billion, and Oculus VR, a virtual technology app was purchased for $2 Billion in March 2014.
World Domination! Mouahahahaha!
Source: giphy.com
According to an article in The Atlantic "Facebook wants to dominate in the three areas WhatsApp excels in: apps, messaging, and usage in the developing world. John Herrman from Buzzfeed (Meyer, 2014) said it is "one of the only services that could plausibly claim to be cannibalizing Facebook on a large scale, and one of a small few that pose it an existential threat." According to Meyer (2014) three reasons why the purchase of WhatsApp fits into an emerging pattern of Facebook's are (1) to dominate mobile apps, (2) dominate messaging apps, and (3) dominate the developing world.
An example of Facebook buying apps when they start to dominate are the purchase of Instagram in 2012 for $1B, and unsuccessful bid to buy Snapchat for $3B. Messaging apps can compensate for slumping news feed usage, and they are "one of the few parts of the social web that grew over the past two years." (Meyers, 2014). As for wanting to dominate the developing world, the argument is that they may have maxed out its membership among U.S. users. WhatsApp has seen huge growth in the developing world.
Facebook paid $85M -little in comparison to other purchased apps, for Parse which is "a cloud company that hosts backend services for app developers." (Edwards, 2013). Because Parse hosts backend resources like analytics, for mobile apps, it can see if apps are growing or not, and before anyone else knows about it, allowing Facebook to acquire other apps that could be a threat before they turn into one. Apps that are hosted by Parse are more likely to be acquired in this manner. The purchase of Instagram for $1B was considered to be one of Facebook's smartest acquisitions ever in consumer tech (Luckerson, 2016).
Facebook was unsuccessful in acquiring Snapchat and has been trying to copy. The latest example of this is, according to Mathew Ingram (2016) "when Facebook-owned Instagram introduced a new feature called Stories that lets users share a collections of photos and videos that disappears after 24 hours" which is identical to Snapshat's Stories.
When one looks at the apps in the infographic it does not bring ease to the privacy valuing individuals. Of concern to those who value their privacy are: Face.com, a facial recognition Platform, purchased for $100 Million in June 2012, Jibbigo, a speech recognition and speech-to-speech translation app which translates voice snippets to and from 25 languages, (Constine, 2013), purchased for an undisclosed amount. Wit.ai is another speech Recognition app that was purchased for an undidsclosed amount in January, 2015.
With regards to Facebook's virtual reality endeavours, it purchased Two Big Ears in May 2016, which is an app to support virtual reality audio and build ultra realistic 3D audio, mainly to support the virtual reality app Oculus VR (Matney, 2016) which Facebook purchased in May, 2014. Surreal Vision and Pebbles Interfaces are two augmented reality apps purchased in May and July of 2015.
In conclusion, Facebook is well poised to dominate the apps market thanks to it's purchase of mobile analytics apps, such as Parse, which allow it to monitor startup apps and purchase them before they become major competitors, such as Instagram and WhatsApp. WhatsApp's purchase of $19B vs Instagrams purchase of $1B is telling, that messaging is still more widely used and has greater reach in the global market/developing world. Out of the just over $23B spent on the acquisition of over 60 apps, over 80% of that was spent on the acquisition of WhatsApp alone! Facebook is maintaining it's dominant position in the next big craze, virtual reality through it's purchases of virtual reality apps. If ever anyone wants to make millions or even billions, I would recommend they use a backend user which is owned by Facebook, such as Parse so that Facebook can monitor its performance for a potential purchase.
Twitter promotion:
What do the trends in #Facebookacquisitions say about the future of #socialmedia? Click here to find out: (http://ow.ly/xxxxxxxxx) #AI
Facebook promotion:
In just over 10 years, facebook has spent approximately $23B on the aquisition of over 60 apps, including Instagram and WhatsApp, and even virtual reality apps. Find out more: (http://ow.ly/xxxxxxxxx)
Constine, Josh. August 12, 2013. Facebook Acquires "Mobile Technologies", Developer of Speech Translation App Jibbigo. Tech Crunch. https://techcrunch.com/2013/08/12/facebook-acquires-mobile-technologies-speech-recognition-and-jibbigo-app-developer/
Edwads, Jim. September 6, 2013. This Guy Thinks A Little-Noticed Facebook Acquisision Gives It A Head Start On Finding The Next Instagram. BusinessInsider. http://www.businessinsider.com/why-facebook-acquired-parse-for-app-acquisitions-2013-9
Ingram, Mathew. August 2, 2016. Here's Why Facebook Is So Desperate to Buy, Copy or Kill Snapchat. Fortune. http://fortune.com/2016/08/02/facebook-snapchat-2/
Matney, Lucas. May 23, 2016. Facebook just bought VR audio company Two Big Ears and is making their tech free to developers. Tech Crunch. https://techcrunch.com/2016/05/23/facebook-just-bought-vr-audio-company-two-big-ears-and-is-making-their-tech-free-to-developers/
Meyer, Robinson. February 19, 2014. Why Facebook Just Spent $19 Billion on a Messaging App. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/02/why-facebook-just-spent-19-billion-on-a-messaging-app/283959/
COM0011 – Let's talk sexting. But first, let me take a selfie.
I decided to write my first blog assignment on the social media phenomenon of sexting. Sexting is a word that combines the word sex with texting with the end result being the word "sexting" which is actually in the Merriam-Webster dictionary. After delving into this topic, I realize how vast it actually is, and may be better tackled by a PhD student, than someone writing a blog post. I chose this topic because it's certainly an aspect of social media that can't be ignored. Let's face it, most humans like sex, and is it ultimately one aspect of humanity – like all others, that inevitably make their way into social media.
It's pretty timely that Anthony Weiner's sentencing for sexting a 15 year old, is making headlines as I write this. See article. One would think he would have taken precautions by sending the explicit material over an auto-deleting messaging app such as Snapchat, but this actually occurred over TWITTER of all places! And I don't know about you, but I have never heard a female say she enjoyed receiving a dick pick. Have you? HAVE YOU?
If you're like me, your reaction is somewhat like this one:
Other than the dick pics, when it comes to sexting, there seems to be a lot of selfies verging on narcissism, and revealing body shots. What is this obsession that people have with taking pictures of their body parts?
Source: Anderson, Mark. Narcisyphus
Source: Wilkinson, Signe. More Like Weiner
Below I discuss findings of PEW Research Center surveys on Americans' use of social media sites and chatting apps, and of how teen's flirt over social media. I then bring attention to the 2017 Dirty Dozen list of the US National Center on Sexual Exploitation (NCOSE).
What does the research say about Social Media and sexting?
The Pew Research Center brought up a very good point in their report Teens, Technology, and Romantic Relationships[1] that teens not only spend a lot of time living out their relationships on social media sites, but that "Adolescence is a time of incredible physical, social, and emotional growth, and peer relationships – especially romantic ones – are a major social focus of many youth." Citing several researchers, Hasinoff's journal article echoes this through research that demonstrated that "these technologies are integral to youth sexual identities, and relationships.[2]
While the majority of teens (age 13-17) surveyed in the PEW Research Center's survey had not yet had a romantic relationship, social media was the top medium for flirting. Sending sexual images was reported by only 10% of the teens surveyed (see Figure 1 below). One positive and interesting finding was that both boys and girls enjoy social media as a space to show their significant other how much they care about them, and to feel closer to them. Peer and romantic relationships are a focal point of teens' lives, and social media is an important place to make that happen. They explore romance and new digital identities as they grow, said the report.
Figure 1: Percentage of teens that reported flirting on social media in the PEW Research Center survey.
Chart by Marielle Gervais with data from Pew Research Center
The Pew Research Centre's Social Media Update 2016[1] indicated that messaging apps were popular chatting tools amongst American smartphone users, as opposed to simply chatting on social media sites, particularly among younger smartphone owners. The survey results (see Table 1 below) indicated that 72% of Americans use messaging apps. They divided the apps into 3 categories: (1) general-purpose messaging apps such as "WhatsApp or Kik", (2) auto-delete messaging apps, such as "Snapchat or Wickr", and (3) anonymous messaging apps such as "YikYak or Whisper". Of the 24% of Americans that use auto-deleting messaging apps such as "Snapchat or Wickr", 56 % are in the 18-29 age range, more than 4 times the share among 30-49 y/o (13%). It does not indicate the percentage among the 13-17 age range.
Table 1: Popularity of types of messaging apps among American youth
Proceed with caution!
Between 2013 and 2017 messaging apps and social media sites Snapchat, Twitter, Facebook, and Tumblr have been put on the US NCOSE's Dirty Dozen list of corporations that profit from sexual exploitation. For those who are unfamiliar with Snapchat, see Intro to Snapchat on YouTube. It's essentially a messaging app to share photos that auto-delete after a few seconds. This makes it a convenient venue for posting discrete or compromising photos. NCOSE argues that (1) Snapchat is one of the most popular social media tools stating that it has 100 million daily active users, and that 71% of them are under age 25. There are approximately 6 billion daily Snapchat video views, they say, (compared to Facebook which as 8 billion video views per day). That's a heck of a lot of views from the under age 25 demographic. The second reason it's on the list is that "it is frequently used for sexting and sharing self-produced child sexual abuse images." The third reason is that Snapchat is now profiting from young people producing sexual images through the creation of Snapcash.
NCOSE's issue with Twitter isn't so much the sexting as it is the facilitation of under age pornography. The evidence against Twitter in NCOSE's letter to the CEO is horrific. Facebook was removed from the list after 2015 for taking action in removing child porn images and links that lead to child porn. The evidence NCOSE provides about Tumblr providing porn to children is quite disturbing. After 2014 it was taken off the Dirty Dozen list, but I could not find out why.
I guess the danger with teens and sex in the digital age is that, as Parry Aftab -a Digital Privacy & Cybersecurity Lawyer stated, "teenagers are 'disconnected from the immediate consequences of their actions online, [so] many "good" kids and teens find themselves doing things online they would never dream of doing in real life."
So what can we conclude from this?
To sum it up, the under age 25 demographic in America watches 6 million views on Snapchat daily, compared to Facebook's 8 million views total for all Americans, and Snapchat is currently on NCOSE's Dirty Dozen list. We do know is that 10% of surveyed teens ages 13-17 have sent flirty or sexy pictures of themselves to a romantic interest in 2016, but I do not have data on their preferred platform. We know that 56% of Americans aged 18-29 with a smartphone use auto-deleting apps such as Snapchat or Wickr. Seeing as Snapchat and Twitter are currently on the Dirty Dozen List of the US National Center on Sexual Exploitation, youth should be advised to be careful interacting with strangers on these platforms. After all, Anthony Weiner used Twitter for sexting with a 15 year old.
I don't want to say that sexting is all bad. In some cases it's an occasional thing, or in other cases can keep the spark alive in a long-term or long-distance relationship. Where it gets unhealthy is when that becomes the societal norm. When you sext everyone you meet. It certainly seems like young people do it to explore their identities online. As time goes on we will be able to further analyze these trends as the generations evolve. One of the drawbacks of this blog post is that it didn't really explore older generations, but after all Facebook did just celebrate its 10th birthday.
My hashtag research on #sexting opened my eyes to how much sex is actually on social media. I thought Twitter was a safe and innocent place until I did this research. On the other hand, I also saw the opposite end of the spectrum, which included campaigns to end sexual exploitation that use the hashtags #whyifight, #fightthenewdrug, #2smrt4u, #cse, #superohero2017, and #cleanuptwitter.
#AnthonyWeiner sentenced for #sexting a 15 y/o on @Twitter. http://nyti.ms/2q0zhFb Be a #Superhero2017 #CleanUpTwitter #DirtyDozenList #CSE
#DYK that #teens experiment with #onlineidenties through #sexting? Here are some online safety tips: http://bit.ly/2qcyf8t #SafeSexting
Curious what surveys say about #sexting? @PewResearchCenter has the data: http://pewrsr.ch/2fIeTTY http://pewrsr.ch/1KShdjT #SafeSexting
In the digital age, sexuality will inevitably be a part of social media, and that includes sexting. Research shows that teens explore their changing sexual identities online, and though only 10% of American teens have sent sexy or flirtatious photos of themselves to someone they liked, it's always smart to know the risks and how to stay safe. #SafeSexting.
AnthonyWeiner was sentenced to 27 months in jail for sexting with a 15 year old on Twitter. Find out why Twitter and other companies are on the #DirtyDozenList. http://nyti.ms/2q0zhFb http://bit.ly/2mbWv9Y
[1] Greenwood, Shannon, Andrew Perrin and Maeve Duggan. Pew Research Center. Social Media Update 2016: Facebook usage and engagement is on the rise, while adoption of other platforms holds steady. November 11, 2016. http://www.pewinternet.org/2016/11/11/social-media-update-2016/
[1] Lenhart, Amanda, Monica Anderson and Aaron Smith. Pew Research Center. Teen, Technology and Romantic Relationships. From flirting to breaking up, social media and mobile phones are woven into teens' romantic lives. October 1, 2015. http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/10/01/teens-technology-and-romantic-relationships/
[2] Hasinoff, Amy Adele. New Media & Society. Sexting as media production: Rethinking social media and sexuality. Vol. 15, no. 4 pp. 449-465
Anderson, Mark. Narcisyphus. Andertoons. Selfie Cartoon #7599. http://www.truthdig.com/cartoon/item/more_like_weiner_20130806
Wilkinson, Signe. More Like Weiner. August 6, 2013. http://www.truthdig.com/cartoon/item/more_like_weiner_20130806
Youtube videos:
Snapchat. Introducing Snapcash! November 17, 2014. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kBwjxBmMszQ
Snapchat. Intro to Snapchat. January 17, 2016. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hiv4KeoBeuo
Greenwood, Shannon, Andrew Perrin and Maeve Duggan. Pew Research Center. Social Media Update 2016: Facebook usage and engagement is on the rise, while adoption of other platforms holds steady. November 11, 2016. http://www.pewinternet.org/2016/11/11/social-media-update-2016/
Hasinoff, Amy Adele. New Media & Society. Sexting as media production: Rethinking social media and sexuality. Vol. 15, no. 4 pp. 449-465
Lenhart, Amanda, Monica Anderson and Aaron Smith. Pew Research Center. Teen, Technology and Romantic Relationships. From flirting to breaking up, social media and mobile phones are woven into teens' romantic lives. October 1, 2015. http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/10/01/teens-technology-and-romantic-relationships/
National Center on Sexual Exploitation. The 2017 Dirty Dozen. http://endsexualexploitation.org/dirtydozen-2017/
Trueman, Patrick President & CEO, National Center on Sexual Exploitation. Letter to Jack Dorsey, CEO and co-Founder of Twitter. February 15, 2017. http://endsexualexploitation.org/wp-content/uploads/dd_twitterletter_02-14-2_001.pdf
Weiser, Benjamin and William K. Rashbaum. The New York Times. Anthony Weiner Pleads Guilty to Federal Obscenity Charge. May 19, 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/05/19/nyregion/anthony-weiner-guilty-plea-sexting.html?_r=0
May 22, 2017 by Marielle | Image | 2 Comments


text:
Q: Winforms TextBox keeps value in UserControl I am making an app in which there are multiple UserControls stacked onto each other. So the elements go like this: MainForm -> User clicks on a UserControl1 on the MainForm which (UserControl1) has a panel on which there is displayed another UserControl2 with a button. When the user clicks on it, it displays another UserControl3 which is then displayed in the panel beneath the button, where finally the user enters some text in the textbox. I need the data from the textbox in the MainForm so I have MainForm and UserControls connected via EventHandlers and pass my ResponseModel in which there is some dat a that I need to pass to MainForm. The first time this works, an item is created and displayed, after the item there is this "button" (User controls) displayed, in case the user wants to create another one. But then comes the problem when the user types in a different text for a new item, it creates an item with the same text!! Like the textbox was never changed (I have a debugging point set on the constructor to see every time that the textbox is empty). Below is some code and an image, for you to see how this should work. Also when I first delete the item it then doesn't work to create a new item for some reason.

This is how I send the data from the last UserControl:
if (tbx_list_name.Text == "")
    MessageBox.Show("You can't create new list without a name!", "Can't create new list!", MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Warning);
else
    CreateListTextBoxHandler?.Invoke(this, new ListCreationResponseModel() {
        Code = id, ListName = tbx_list_name.Text
    });

This is how I create the last UserControl which has the textbox:
control.CreateListTextBoxHandler += GetHandlerData;
panel.Controls.Add(control);

And this is how I get the data one stage down (this practice continues through couple more stages back to MainForm):
public void GetHandlerData(object sender, ListCreationResponseModel e)
{
    try
    {
        panel.Controls.Clear();
        CreateListButtonHandler?.Invoke(this, e);
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        _ = new ErrorHandler(ex);
    }
}

A: You seem to have a recursion here. GetHandlerData is added to the CreateListTextBoxHandler event (or delegate) and invokes CreateListTextBoxHandler again, which will call GetHandlerData again...?? But tbx_list_name.Text is passed to the model only once at the top level down to all the other calls.
You can fix this by passing a reference to the textbox instead of the text itself. Then you will always be able to retrieve the current text of the textbox.
public class ListCreationResponseModel
{
    private readonly TextBox _listNameTextBox;

    public ListCreationResponseModel(TextBox listNameTextBox)
    {
        _listNameTextBox = listNameTextBox;
    }

    public int Code { get; set; }
    public string ListName => _listNameTextBox .Text;
}

Now, when you retrieve the ListName you don't get a stored value but the actual text of the textbox.
You can create the handler like this:
CreateListTextBoxHandler?.Invoke(this, new ListCreationResponseModel(tbx_list_name) {
    Code = id
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
FCC Amends Equipment Authorization Rules to Increase Security
Low-Frequency Magnetic Fields in Electric Vehicles
Charges Are Forever
SAE Publishes New J3016 Information Report
The Hazards of Multiple Grounding
Tagged FCC
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FCC Proposes Updated Data Breach Reporting Requirements
The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has proposed updating its rules requiring telecommunications operators to notify customers and law enforcement of breaches of confidential consumer information. ... Read More...
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The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has cited another technology retailer for marketing unapproved radio frequency (RF) devices. According to a Citation and Order issued by the FCC, Washington-b... Read More...
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Technology Retailer Cited for Sale of Unauthorized RF Devices
The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has cited a major technology retailer for marketing unapproved radio frequency (RF) devices. According to a Citation and Order issued by the FCC, New York-based... Read More...
Continuing its efforts to protect the U.S. communications networks from security threats, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has announced additional changes to its equipment authorization rules. ... Read More...
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The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has recently released a preliminary version of its new national broadband map, part of its ongoing effort to make broadband services available to all. The new... Read More...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Tree ferns typically grow in humid, shady sites.
Picture a large fern-like plant on top of an attractive trunk and you have what is known as a tree fern. Several species are known as tree ferns, but the Australian tree fern (Dicksonia antarctica), also known as Tasmanian tree fern, hardy in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 9 through 11, is among the most common. Plant your tree fern in spring, preferably in a humid, protected and shady area of the landscape.
Water the tree fern in its container, stopping when you see the water drain out the bottom drainage hole. Do this about 12 to 24 hours before you plan to plant it in the garden.
Dig a hole that is two times as wide and deep as your tree fern's container. Toss the soil onto a tarp for easy clean up. Incorporate 25 percent additional organic matter, such as compost, into the soil. Fill the hole half-way with the amended soil so it is as deep as the container.
Hold the container at an angle to carefully remove the tree from the pot. Hold the tree at its base so you do not damage the plant. Some plastic containers can be cut open for easy removal.
Place the tree fern in the center of the hole. Check that the crown is planted at the same level as in the container, adding or removing soil from the bottom of the hole as necessary. Lightly pack soil to fill in the rest of the hole.
Water the tree fern with 1 inch of water, but do not get the crown wet to help avoid rot. Continue to water the new transplant during dry weather to keep the soil moist for the first growing season.
Do not fertilize your tree fern until the second year after planting.
Lewis, Melissa. "How to Plant a Tree Fern." Home Guides | SF Gate, http://homeguides.sfgate.com/plant-tree-fern-63950.html. Accessed 21 April 2019.


A good front-of-the-house manager at any café or restaurant must know more than just the restaurant business. He or she must know how to manage people effectively, as well.
Good managers write everything down. They write clearly defined job descriptions with reasonable expectations and attainable boundaries. For example, a busser may be expected to clear and reset tables, but not to serve coffee. Also, wait staff are still responsible for turning their tables even if a busser is on duty. A good manager clarifies a server must not wait for a busser to turn his or her table if he or she can do it.
A good manager also clarifies in writing the tip out policy of the café. For example, each server may be required to pay each busser 5% or 10% of his or her tips.
Hosts and hostesses must have clearly defined job responsibilities. For example, it is probably the job of the hostess to answer the phone, to chart the reservations and to seat people. It may be her responsibility to bring water and bread to a table. Job descriptions are written down so employees can reference them when there is confusion and questions.
As café manager, you have to take care of your staff. When controversy arises, have an appropriate system in place for employees to express their grievances. Avoid and do not tolerate staff members acting out their feelings while working.
Be available. Allow staff to request time to speak with you.
Listen to staff grievances. You need to understand what is happening to make an appropriate decision.
Be firm. You met with staff members, listened, thought about the issues, and you have made a decision. Staff members are required to abide by your decision if they wish to continue to work with you.
Reward professional and appropriate behavior among your staff. People who are cooperative and efficient should get the shifts they want. Prove that refusal to follow directions can lead to a loss of shifts or loss of good shifts.
By writing your expectations and staff responses down, you protect yourself when a staff member complains about loss of shifts. For example, a staff member complains: "Hey! I always work Saturday night!" You respond: "I told you to help clear your party of twelve, but you let the busser do it by herself. You did not cooperate and you did not follow directions."
When you have valuable employees working for you, take care of them. Thank them for a job well done. Ask them how things are going. Offer them a drink after work. Have an occasional staff party. Make good workers feel appreciated and they are more likely to stay.


With a long and sustained run from the bell, Alemaz Samuel Teshale became the third successive Ethiopian winner of the women's 1500m at the IAAF World U20 Championships.
On a blisteringly hot afternoon for the final session of the championships, Samuel covered the last lap of a tactical encounter in 61.04 to win the title in 4:09.67, finishing more than a second ahead of Kenya's Miriam Cherop in 4:10.73.
Samuel was by far the fastest on paper with a lifetime best of 4:01.78 from the IAAF Diamond League meeting in Doha in May, but she was surprisingly beaten at the Ethiopian U20 Championships by Dinke Firdisa. There were high hopes of a third successive Ethiopian 1-2 but Firdisa, the second fastest on paper with 4:09.68, fell out of contention on the last lap and faded to sixth in 4:17.42.
But the plaudits in Tampere went to Samuel who now has her sights set on donning the Ethiopian vest in senior competition next year.
After taking silver in her final season in the U20 ranks, Cherop now harbours aspirations of making the Kenyan senior team for the IAAF World Cross Country Championships in Aarhus, Denmark next March.
Delia Sclabas replicated her finishing position from the 800m by taking bronze in 4:11.98. The Swiss teenager will now target next month's European Championships in Berlin full of confidence after earning her second medal of the championships.
Sclabas tore the tightly bunched field asunder with a hard burst with two laps remaining. Sclabas was mostly responsible for a lap of 63.37 from 800m through to 1200m and while she couldn't match Samuel in the last 300 metres, Sclabas was safe in third place, nearly three seconds ahead of fourth-place finisher Mariana Machado from Portugal in 4:14.93.
"I was seeded fifth coming into the final but I knew I could get a medal," said Sclabas, who won the European U20 title over 3000m last year – a title which she is eligible to defend next year.


text:
Duncan Storrar Releases Statement On Last Week's News Corp Witch Hunt
Clocked Off
Selfish Saturday
By Alex Bruce-Smith
SIGN UP TO PEDESTRIAN DAILY
Duncan Storrar, the Geelong bloke who asked a question on Q&A last Monday and invoked the wrath of News Corp for his troubles, was the subject of Media Watch last night.
Host Paul Barry charted the rise and fall of the 'new national hero', pointing out that it exposes something very grim about how we treat those who question authority.
"Is this now what happens in Australia to someone who sticks their head up in public and exercises their democratic rights?" he asked. "Duncan didn't ask to be a national hero or a villain, nor did he ask for our charity. All he did was put his hand up and ask a question, and he was crucified."
'Crucified' is right: The Australian ran stories about how the Q&A 'hero' paid no tax, had a criminal rap sheet, and even found his estranged son to reveal the 'truth' about him. In the face of such scrutiny, Duncan was allegedly placed on suicide watch.
In a letter to Media Watch, Duncan hit back at News Corp's treatment of him, asking where their duty of care was.
"I told everybody I talked to that I have just been to the Royal Commission and have serious mental issues," he wrote. "Knowing this, the right wing press decided to write the stories they did without a care for me or my (now ex) partner's mental health."
He said that this experience had taught him two lessons:
"If a person shows the powers that be to out of touch with the people, they will be dropped, probed and attacked in any way, with no thought to the mental wellbeing of their children."
"This exposing of your life and every discrepancy in it will be published, ruining your job prospects
(would you give me a job after a Google search comes up with the headlines of last week?) and will be
used as a example to keep people like me quiet."
His letter indicates that he's been speaking to lawyers to find out if News Corp broke the Mental Health Act.
He also used this opportunity to thank the Australian public for their support, and state that the $60,000 raised for him will go into a trust fund for his daughters' education, and to various charities.
He ends his letter on this very poignant note:
"And finally, my question is still valid and hasn't been answered, but more to the point there are a whole class of people out there. Yes we might have records, yes we might not be perfect, but society has forgotten us, the politicians and the media use us whenever they want to show why they need to be elected, but never do anything to help our plight. We are breaking down here and life hasn't been this hard since before Whitlam for the underclass.
"Thank you Australia for all your support. I didn't want this.
"Q&A is the only place where people like me can ask questions of our leaders and policy makers, and
as it's so hard to see your politicians we don't have any other contact with these people. As such, this is
the most important part of democracy I have available to me."
Watch the full Media Watch segment here.
N.B. Parts of his letter have been edited for clarity. You can read it in full here.
Source: ABC.
Photo: ABC.
If you are in crisis, please call Lifeline in 13 11 14.
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text:
Page: 123456789101112131415
"The Finest Story in The World"
by Rudyard Kipling [?]
"Tell me again and I shall understand clearly. You say that your hero went pirating. How did he live?"
"He was on the lower deck of this ship-thing that I was telling you about."
"What sort of ship?"
"It was the kind rowed with oars, and the sea spurts through the oar-holes and the men row sitting up to their knees in water. Then there's a bench running down between the two lines of oars and an overseer with a whip walks up and down the bench to make the men work."
"It's in the table. There's a rope running overhead, looped to the upper deck, for the overseer to catch hold of when the ship rolls. When the overseer misses the rope once and falls among the rowers, remember the hero laughs at him and gets licked for it. He's chained to his oar of course-the hero."
'~How is he chained?"
"With an iron band round his waist fixed to the bench he sits on, and a sort of handcuff on his left wrist chaining him to the oar. He's on the lower deck where the worst men are ent, and the only light comes from the hatchways and through the oar-holes. Can't you imagine the sunlight just squeezing through between the handle and the hole and wobbling about as the ship moves?"
"I can, but I can't imagine your imagining it."
"How could it be any other way? Now you listen to me. The long oars on the upper deck are managed by four men to each bench, the lower ones by three, and the lowest of all by two. Remember it's quite dark on the lowest deck and all the men there go mad. When a man dies at his oar on that deck he isn't thrown overboard, but cut up in his chains and stuffed through the oar-hole in little pieces."
"Why?" I demanded, amazed, not so much at the information as the tone of command in which it was flung out.
"To save trouble and to frighten the others. It needs two overseers to drag a man's body up to the top deck; and if the men at the lower deck oars were left alone, of course they'd stop rowing and try to pull up the benches by all standing up together in their chains."
"You've a most provident imagination. Where have you been reading about galleys and galley-slaves?"
"Nowhere that I remember. I row a little when I get the chance. But, perhaps, if you say so, I may have read something."
He went away shortly afterward to deal with booksellers, and I wondered how a bank clerk aged twenty could put into my hands with a profligate abundance of detail, all given with absolute assurance, the story of extravagant and bloodthirsty adventure, riot, piracy, and death in unnamed seas. He had led his hero a desperate dance through revolt against the overseas, to command of a ship of his own, and ultimate establishment of a kingdom on an island "somewhere in the sea, you know"; and, delighted with my paltry five pounds, had gone out to buy the notions of other men, that these might teach him how to write. I had the consolation of knowing that this notion was mine by right of purchase, and I thought that I could make something of it.
When next he came to me he was drunk-royally drunk on many poets for the first time revealed to him. His pupils were dilated, his words tumbled over each other, and he wrapped himself in quotations. Most of all was he drunk with Longfellow.
"Isn't it splendid? Isn't it superb?" he cried, after hasty greetings. "Listen to this-
"'Would~t thou,' so the helmsman answered,
'Know the secret of the sea?
Only those who brave its dangers
Comprehend its mystery.'
By gum!
"'Only those who brave its dangers
Comprehend its mystery.'"


text:
package com.github.semres.gui;

public class IDAlreadyTakenException extends RuntimeException {
    public IDAlreadyTakenException() {
        super("ID already taken.");
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Agricultural Input
Export of Animal or Vegetable Fertilizers
France - Export of Animal or Vegetable Fertilizers
Since 2014, France Export of Animal or Vegetable Fertilizers increased 0.8% year on year. In 2019, the country was number 7 comparing other countries in Export of Animal or Vegetable Fertilizers at $35,679,283.05. France is overtaken by Spain, which was number 6 at $40,096,507.1 and is followed by Ireland with $30,919,306.46. Netherlands lead the ranking with $169,617,430.49 in 2019, that is an increase of 4.7% versus 2018. Italy, Belgium and Canada respectively ranked number 2, 3 and 4 in this ranking. Zambia witnessed the best average annual growth at +594.2% per year, while Pakistan was the worst growing country at -70.1% per year.
How does France rank in Export of Animal or Vegetable Fertilizers?
How does France perform in the Fertilizer industry?
Fertilizers Number of Persons Employed in France
Fertilizers Turnover in France
Phosphate Fertilizer Imports to France
Nitrogen Fertilizer Imports to France


text:
// Copyright 2022 Google LLC
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.
//
// ** This file is automatically generated by gapic-generator-typescript. **
// ** https://github.com/googleapis/gapic-generator-typescript **
// ** All changes to this file may be overwritten. **

'use strict';

function main(parent, instanceId) {
  // [START datafusion_v1_generated_DataFusion_CreateInstance_async]
  /**
   * This snippet has been automatically generated and should be regarded as a code template only.
   * It will require modifications to work.
   * It may require correct/in-range values for request initialization.
   * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
   */
  /**
   *  Required. The instance's project and location in the format
   *  projects/{project}/locations/{location}.
   */
  // const parent = 'abc123'
  /**
   *  Required. The name of the instance to create.
   */
  // const instanceId = 'abc123'
  /**
   *  An instance resource.
   */
  // const instance = {}

  // Imports the Datafusion library
  const {DataFusionClient} = require('@google-cloud/data-fusion').v1;

  // Instantiates a client
  const datafusionClient = new DataFusionClient();

  async function callCreateInstance() {
    // Construct request
    const request = {
      parent,
      instanceId,
    };

    // Run request
    const [operation] = await datafusionClient.createInstance(request);
    const [response] = await operation.promise();
    console.log(response);
  }

  callCreateInstance();
  // [END datafusion_v1_generated_DataFusion_CreateInstance_async]
}

process.on('unhandledRejection', err => {
  console.error(err.message);
  process.exitCode = 1;
});
main(...process.argv.slice(2));


Nice and excellent blog! I agree with you on the Point "Listen to the client and then find a way to make the client happy by saving time and providing the best experience for the client's learners"
Thanks for sharing your Articulate experience, This will help me in my present and future projects a lot.
Good idea on adding a feedback slide.


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text:
Gebenna multipunctata är en insektsart som beskrevs av Schmidt 1907. Gebenna multipunctata ingår i släktet Gebenna och familjen lyktstritar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Lyktstritar
multipunctata

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Maybe you mean this truck? MAZ 547.
For me this looks like a huge rocket transport truck. But its far away from the truck in the game, if you count the tires (^^)´, but also the nearest possibility.
Total Overdose: A Gunslinger's Tale In Mexico (2005) ChoclitBunny (0) I think the rear end will have to determine whether it's a Town Car or a Crown Victoria... maybe Takumi knows...?
subzero wrote I love this car!!!
The french are very good at making big, beautiful executive cars. anyone Agree?
Forza Motorsport 2 (2007) Road Wars Fanatic (3) Beautiful shots! Superb, first class work J-2!
Star Wars Fanatic wrote GT5 will have damage but only for select sets of cars. Bah.
I´m very disappoint with Polyphony.
And i expected a full damage at those set of cars, but no, look at the damage at the Impreza, they´re perfect! But not on a good way, i mean, the bumper it´s out of it´s location, but still intact (no dents), the door got open and then, it came off...and all the windows intact!
At least they have to add skid marks and the reverse lights, another classics which were also missing in the new demo.
Gran Turismo 5 (2010) Star Wars Fanatic (487) GT5 will have damage but only for select sets of cars. Bah.


text:
Home News Events 2022 Hamilton woodworking cancelled
2022 Hamilton woodworking cancelled
The 2022 Hamilton Woodworking Show is cancelled
Matt Ormel says:
I was looking forward to being able to attend the Hamilton Woodworking Show. Please let me know if it's going to happen still. I really enjoyed it in previous years and was looking forward to buying a bucket or two of cut-off hardwoods.
Carl Duguay says:
No Matt, the Hamilton show won't be held this year. However, the Woodstock Woodworking Show will be held sometime in 2023. You can get the details here.
Has the 2022 woodworking show in Sept been cancelled
Yes it has.
Jarrod says:
So to confirm, both the woodstock and the hamilton shows for 2022 have been cancelled?
That's correct.
Jim Lambier says:
I'm so sad to see that these shows seem to be permanently gone. I had always looked forward to going to the Hamilton show every year with my son. As a young child, he loved seeing the woodturning exhibits and the carving winning submissions. Even as a teenager, he happily went with me to the show. I always enjoyed seeing the winners, picking up a new tool, and getting some interesting pieces of wood. Each year, I would also stop by the magazine's booth and have a brief hello with Paul who seemed to recognize me from the previous year's hello.
Hi Jim: we too hope that the show will return in the near future. We've missed connecting with many of our loyal subscribers. All the best.


text:
Natural Galapagos Island Hopping - 5 Days
Day 1.- Arrive in San Cristobal Island airport -Interpretation Center-Tijeretas-Playa Carola
Flight from Quito or Guayaquil.Upon arrival in San Cristobal, you will be welcomed by your guide and transferred to the selected hotel.
In the afternoon,we'll head north to Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, San Cristobal where we'll visit the National Park Interpretation Center, Cerro Tijeretas and Playa Carola. The Interpretation Center has information about the natural and human history of the islands as well as great maps and images from remote areas of the park. A paved path heads up to Cerro Tijeretas from behind the center. Named after the colonies of frigate birds nesting in the trees, Cerro Tijeretas has a small network of hiking trails that lead to a panoramic lookout above a protected cove which is excellent for snorkeling. You can also see the town from this vantage point.
Dinner and overnight at hotel.
Day 2 .-San Cristobal : Leon Dormido
This amazing landmark located about an hour and a half to the north east of Puerto Baquerizo Moreno, Kicker Rock / Leon Dormido is a remnant of a vertical tuff cone formation, rising almost 153 meters (500 feet) from the ocean The erosion has given the rock its characteristic shape, which some see as a shoe, hence the name Kicker Rock. Others see it as a sleeping sea lion or Leon Dormido in Spanish.
While we snorkel around Kicker Rock we can spot sea turtles, marine iguanas, rays, Galapagos sharks, tropical fish and if luck is on our side we can even see hammerhead sharks. Besides enjoying the underwater view, we can usually see blue-footed boobies, masked boobies and frigatebirds on the cliffs as well as sea lions along the shore.
Also, you will get the chance to disembark at one gorgeous spot to enjoy the beach. Return to your hotel dinner and night
Day 3.- San Cristobal- Santa Cruz Island : Charles Darwin Station-Highlands
After breakfast, we'll take a speedboat for about 2 hours to go to Santa Cruz Island, situated in the center of the archipelago, the second largest island after Isabela. We'll visit the Charles Darwin Research Station which despite being created as an international scientific research station and not a visitor site, it has become one of the most visited spots in the Galapagos archipelago. Located just outside of Puerto Ayora, it is famous for its dedicated work to preserve and breed in captivity the world-famous Galapagos giant tortoises and put them back on their island homes once they reach the right age. These fascinating creatures can live approximately 150 years.
This is an amazing site where you can see the Galapagos through Charles Darwin's eyes and learn more about endemic flora and fauna
Transfer to the Highlands ,lunch .
Due to the altitude, Santa Cruz Highlands provide us with a fresh respite from the sun, making this place the perfect habitat for the giant galapagos tortoises, Galapagos finches and other land animals and plants. Almost every bird in the Galapagos has been spotted on Santa Cruz which makes the highlands the perfect spot for bird watching. You will be surrounded by the impressive flora and fauna and the unique volcanic features of the Highlands. Later you will have some beach time at Tortuga Bay . Return to your hotel, dinner and night.
Day 4 - day tour to other island
Breakfast, then you will be picked up for a day tour to Seymour, Plazas or Bartolome Island
Day 5.- Twin Craters- Transfer to the airport
Breakfast,visit the Twin Craters on our way back to the airport.
Day 4 EXCURSIONS FROM SANTA CRUZ
Seymour-Bachas - From: 8:00 AM. To: 5:00 PM.
In the morning your driver will pick you up from your hotel and take you to the "Canal de Itabaca" to board the yacht that will lead you to North Seymour Island, a spectacular place to hike, swim and enjoy the snorkeling. On this island you can see palo santo trees, colonies of blue-footed boobies performing their mating dance in the open areas of the island. Sometimes boobies nest right on the tourist trail, so you have to be a little careful not to step on them when walking around. You can closely observe the nests of many of these species including gulls, frigates and yellow treinadores. Most birds in the Galapagos are completely fearless and not afraid to approach humans. Across the island and while the waves crash on the rocks, you will also appreciate the mischievous sea lions playing and surfing in the waves. North Seymour is mostly flat and arid, with some vegetation including cactus, palo santo and salt bushes. The area of the islands is about 1.9 square kilometers and has a maximum altitude of 28 meters. North Seymour Island is located near Isla Baltra (this is the island where you arrive and leave the Galapagos). North Seymour was formed by a lifting of the lava rock base under the ocean. Seymour Island is separated from Baltra Island by a small canal. The island is best known as "Seymour Norte", while the Isla Baltra Island is also known as "Seymour South". There is a circular path for visitors on North Seymour Island about 2 kilometers long that crosses the interior of the island and takes you to explore the rocky coast path. This trail will take you through some of the largest seabird colonies in the Galapagos Islands. Once all the activities are done, you will be dropped off at Puerto Ayora. Dinner and overnight
Bartolome From: 6:00 Am. To: 5:00 Pm.
Bartolome Island (Spanish: Isla Bartolomé) is a volcanic islet in the Galapagos Island group. It is a volcanic islet just off the east coast of Santiago Island. It is one of the "younger" islands in the Galapagos archipelago. This island, and Sullivan Bay on Santiago island, are named after naturalist and lifelong friend of Charles Darwin, Sir Bartolome James Sullivan, who was a lieutenant aboard HMS Beagle.
With a total land area of just 1.2 square kilometres (0.5 square miles), this island offers some of the most beautiful landscapes in the archipelago. The island consists of an extinct volcano and a variety of red, orange, green, and glistening black volcanic formations.
Bartolomé has a volcanic cone that is easy to climb and provides great views of the other islands. Bartolomé is famous for its Pinnacle Rock, which is the distinctive characteristic of this island, and the most representative landmark of the Galápagos.
It has two visitor sites. At the first one, one may swim and snorkel around Pinnacle Rock; the underwater world there is really impressive. Snorkelers are in the water with the penguins, marine turtles, white-tipped reef sharks, and other tropical fish. The bay is also an excellent place to go swimming. The twin bays are separated by a narrow isthmus.
Galapagos penguins are frequently seen, and a small cave behind Pinnacle Rock houses a breeding colony. Seasonally, Bartolomé is the mating and nesting site for the green turtles. With herons, they make use of the gentler beaches. The Galápagos lava cactus colonize the new lava fields.
Plazas and Punta Carrion - From: 8:00 AM. To: 5:00 PM.
Navigation to Plaza Island. Sometimes hard disembark on the landing site, we will observe enormous prickly pear cactus and the endemic succulent sesuvium. Land iguanas huge colony in Galapagos we will see the yellow-brown land iguanas feeding on the fruit and pads of the prickly pear cactus, also marine iguanas living along the coast and a hybrid iguana between male marine iguanas and females land iguanas. Lunch aboard. Navigation to Punta Carrión: great snorkel to see a variety of fish, rays, and if lucky the white tip sharks. From Punta Carrion we navigate a short distance through the beautiful Itabaca Channel with its turquoise waters, return to Puerto Ayora.
2018 Prices per person, double occupancy, in US$:
tourist class hotel = $2500 per person double occupancy, $211 single supplement
tourist superior hotel = $2634 per person double occupancy, $347 single supplement
first class hotel = $2938 per person double occupancy, $552 single supplement
HOTELS (subject to availability):
Blue Marlin on San Cristobal
Hotel Fiesta on Santa Cruz
Tourist Superior
Casa Opuntia on San Cristobal
Silberstein on Santa Cruz
Golden Bay (Deluxe Garden View room) on San Cristobal
Sol y Mar (Standard room Isla Sol Tower ) on Santa Cruz
Accommodation in selected hotels (double rooms).
All land and sea transportation within the Galapagos during the program.
Excursions and visits during the program.
Bilingual naturalist guides for each island and all activities.
Snorkeling Equipment (mask, fins, tube).
Air Tickets from/to Galapagos $500
Galapagos National Park Entry Fee – $100.00 US per person.
Migratory Control Card – $20.00 US per person.
Soft-drinks and alcoholic beverages.
**Itinerary subject to change without prior notice depending on seasonal changes, weather conditions, and adjustments in policies set by the Galapagos National Park, or other unforeseen circumstances that may arise **
What level of hotel? *
For excursions, please take solar protection, a cap or hat, bathing suit, long-sleeved shirt, water bottle, snorkeling gear (if you do not have your own, a mask, snorkel and fins are provided free of charge), camera, appropriate shoes for wet landings and hikes on lava terrain (sneakers or similar) with thick soles. Our expedition staff will give further details and recommendations, as well as m
ore natural history background, the night before each excursion.


Stone Soup for Five: New Spring Mantel!
I snuck outside between cold, gray downpours to cut some branches off our blooming tree. (I think it's a plum tree??) And ran out in the back to cut some daffodils before the rain ruined them all. It's very springy around here now!
Looking good inside, now wanting it to do the same OUTSIDE. Saw today that this is the longest we have ever gone on a calendar year without hitting 60.
At least we can still enjoy our evening fires!


text:
EDEN'S CURSE Post Cover Art, Track Listing For "Symphonies of Sin"
Wednesday, 7th August 2013 By Dead Rhetoric
Multinational power metallers EDEN'S CURSE have posted the cover art and track listing for their forthcoming fourth album, Symphonies of Sin, which will be released October 4th via AFM Records.
Produced by Paul Logue and mixed and mastered by the group's longtime engineer, PINK CREAM 69 and UNISONIC bassist Dennis Ward, the CD is the first EDEN'S CURSE release with new Serbian vocalist Nikola Mijic (ALOGIA, DREYELANDS) and Welsh keyboard wizard and POWER QUEST mainman Steve Williams.
Symphony Of Sin track listing:
1. Symphony Of Sin
2. Break The Silence
3. Evil & Divine
5. Fallen From Grace
6. Losing My Faith
7. Rock Bottom
8. Great Unknown
9. Turn The Page
10. Sign Of The Cross
11. Wings To Fly
12. Devil In Disguise
13. Where Is The Love?
A single and promotional video for the song "Evil & Divine" will arrive on September 12. The clip was shot on location at the famous St. Andrews in the Square location in Glasgow under the direction of Ryan Priddy and his team at Independent Element.
August 2017 Rapid Fires
November 2016 Rapid Fires
EDEN'S CURSE Announce New Drummer
Eden's Curse – Symphony of Sin (AFM Records)
EDEN'S CURSE Releases EPK For "Symphony Of Sin" Album
EDEN'S CURSE Announces Revamped Lineup


What services would the best school webmaster provide?
Learn what "ideal world" best practices are and how you can make that a reality for your school.
First, let's talk about what a school webmaster looks like today and how it came to be that way.
In a majority of schools, the school webmaster coordinates the design of the website with a website service provider but seldom does any actual coding or design work. They are often in charge of gathering the content and possibly even writing it. But, more often than not, the content that was on the old site is simply migrated to a new website template design. Done.
Then, the person assigned as webmaster adds updates—content and graphics—to the school website as needed. Often there are others who are also trained on the content management system (CMS), and they also add content or graphics to the school website.
Often, someone in the IT department is given the role of school webmaster. This is primarily a throwback to the days, some 15 years ago, when schools hosted their websites and managed their own servers. This required the expertise of an IT professional just to keep things up and running. Today, few schools, regardless of size, host or manage servers or software development. The security risks, complexity, and level of expertise required to manage this are far too costly and complex. Outsourcing the hosting and the software development to other service providers that specialize in these areas has proven to be the more secure and affordable option. But, for many schools, the webmaster's role has remained in the IT department.
However, if the district is large, a school might hire someone specifically for this role or as part of a communications team. This is a far more logical option and more closely matches the skillsets of the job, but only the larger or most affluent schools can typically afford to have a team dedicated to communications and public relations. So, this leaves the majority of schools in the U.S. in a challenging position and at a disadvantage.
What would be the best solution if money and resources weren't an obstacle? It might be a school webmaster that provides the following services.
Provides online training for all staff who are responsible for creating document attachments, since website ADA compliance is required for attachments like PDFs, Word or Google docs, Excel files, video captioning.
Performs quality control regularly to fix broken links, errors, removing old news, layout or structural issues, ADA compliance issues, etc.
Basically, what you need is a communications team. But, what you can afford is a school webmaster with a wide range of skills and experience. If you want to hire for this position, here is a school webmaster job description and sample interview questions to help you know what to look for in an applicant. Once this position is filled, you will need to hire someone for the public relations/communications expertise, such as a consultant, agency, or staff member.
School choice is a reality, and there is more and more competition for students and staff. If you don't provide the quality school communications that will keep you competitive, even if you offer the best education in town, you can suffer from disgruntled parents, low morale, declining enrollment, and bad press. Communication is the key, and that means you must have an active, informative, professional school website coupled with active social media and enhanced with good public relations and marketing.
If you choose to do this all in-house, it is certainly possible. We provide tons of information on our blog and the various eBook downloads available there that will help you succeed. So, if that is your preference, go for it. We are big DIY advocates and even developed a year's worth of marketing and communications resources to help. The best school websites will have a school webmaster that takes their role to the next level.
But, if you aren't into a do-it-yourself solution, or if your time and budget are sparse, there is an alternative. Enter School Webmasters, LLC.
What if you could hire for all of these areas and pay less than you would pay for one full-time school webmaster? Here's how it might look, and yes, this is a flagrant marketing plug.
School Webmasters can offer you all of the services mentioned in the wish list above, including the associated public relations services. We provide a three-pronged approach.
School website design and development. (including all the areas listed above) along with our full-service website management. The cost includes a one-time design fee (depending on your school size and type of site you want), a monthly fee of $149 per site for website management and updates.
Social media management. We offer various levels of service here as well, depending on your needs.
Public relations and communications. Finally, we also offer public relations and communications services (also listed above in our ideal world scenario), which is the cost of our hiring a part-time communications coordinator from your community. We will then train and work with the communications coordinator (this typically starts at $16,050 per year, depending on your needs and employment costs in your geographic area).
You can often get all of these services for less than you would pay for just a website service provider's CMS system and your staff to do the work (without getting the expertise and experience we include). No other website service provider offers anything comparable. So, if you are not into DIY, we hope you'll check this out.
Average salaries of a full-time webmaster are $44,000 to 77,000—depending on the area of the country and job requirements. However, that job description typically doesn't include the skillsets of a school public relations manager, marketing director, copywriter, or graphic designer. So, if you are looking to make your school stand out, communicate better, and become a school of choice, be sure you include the services described above and you'll begin to witness amazing results.
Curious about what this whole program would cost your school? Just ask for a no obligation quote to find out. Easy peasy and no high pressure from us. In fact, the only sales guy we even have is Jim, an owner, and he hates sales. So, like I said, no pressure. But, whether working with us or doing it yourself, get your school ready to compete, improve communications, energize your staff, and create raging fans. Education matters and we can't do that without community and parental support. Go get it!


By the year 1970s, Scarsdale has become a popular type of dieting. Scasdeale is actually as much as the same as Atkins wherein the major role is to lessen calories or carbohydrates.
Propelled by Herman Tarnower, the basic principles of Scarsdale is to divide the the following: carbohydrates, proteins and fats into percentages.
At present, Scarsdale is still used by many despite the increasing visibility of other types of dieting. Let us look into the major principles and characteristics of this diet.
Percentages: As described earlier, the diet is aims to divide proteins, carbohydrates and fats in percentages consequently, 43% protein, 22.5% fat, and 34.5% carbohydrates.
The Diet Menu: basically the menu is a combination of the 3 that were mentions above. Add to it is the intake of fiber-rich vegetables and fruits. Scarsdale also encourage the intake of plenty of water. Calorie counting is not applicable as compared to other types of dieting.
Time Span: You can actually go through this diet for only 7-14 days.
Non-advocate of Exercise: Unlike Protein Power Diet, Scarsdale is not much a proprietor of exercise for weight loss. It is believed that the body is already taking the correct amount of calorie which can make a person healthier and fitter to do hard tasks.
The eating habits for the Scarsdale is very rigid and one must adhere to it with great discipline. Although meals are complete, snacks are never allowed. Sweeteners and even supplements are highly encouraged by the program.
This type of dieting is a quick and fast way to lose all those baggage, however, some health professionals frown upon this method since the process of losing weight is unhealthy. The deprivation of carbohydrates- one which is below the normal need of the body is seen as dangerous to one's health.


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Self-healing nanocomposite using shape memory polymer and carbon nanotubes
Yingtao Liu, Abhishek Rajadas, Aditi Chattopadhyay
Carbon fiber reinforced composites are used in a wide range of applications in aerospace, mechanical, and civil structures. Due to the nature of material, most damage in composites, such as delaminations, are always barely visible to the naked eye, which makes it difficult to detect and repair. The investigation of biological systems has inspired the development and characterization of self-healing composites. This paper presents the development of a new type of self-healing material in order to impede damage progression and conduct in-situ damage repair in composite structures. Carbon nanotubes, which are highly conductive materials, are mixed with shape memory polymer to develop self-healing capability. The developed polymeric material is applied to carbon fiber reinforced composites to automatically heal the delamination between different layers. The carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates are manufactured using high pressure molding techniques. Tensile loading is applied to double cantilever beam specimens using an MTS hydraulic test frame. A direct current power source is used to generate heat within the damaged area. The application of thermal energy leads to re-crosslinking in shape memory polymers. Experimental results showed that the developed composite materials are capable of healing the matrix cracks and delaminations in the bonded areas of the test specimens. The developed self-healing material has the potential to be used as a novel structural material in mechanical, civil, aerospace applications.
https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2009908
2013 SPIE Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2013 - San Diego, CA, United States
Duration: Mar 10 2013 → Mar 14 2013
2013 SPIE Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2013
Shape memory effect
Fiber-reinforced Composite
Self-healing materials
Carbon fiber reinforced composites
Shape memory polymer
Liu, Y., Rajadas, A., & Chattopadhyay, A. (2013). Self-healing nanocomposite using shape memory polymer and carbon nanotubes. In Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering (Vol. 8692). [869205] https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2009908
Self-healing nanocomposite using shape memory polymer and carbon nanotubes. / Liu, Yingtao; Rajadas, Abhishek; Chattopadhyay, Aditi.
Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. Vol. 8692 2013. 869205.
Liu, Y, Rajadas, A & Chattopadhyay, A 2013, Self-healing nanocomposite using shape memory polymer and carbon nanotubes. in Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. vol. 8692, 869205, 2013 SPIE Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical, and Aerospace Systems 2013, San Diego, CA, United States, 3/10/13. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2009908
Liu Y, Rajadas A, Chattopadhyay A. Self-healing nanocomposite using shape memory polymer and carbon nanotubes. In Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. Vol. 8692. 2013. 869205 https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2009908
Liu, Yingtao ; Rajadas, Abhishek ; Chattopadhyay, Aditi. / Self-healing nanocomposite using shape memory polymer and carbon nanotubes. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. Vol. 8692 2013.
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title = "Self-healing nanocomposite using shape memory polymer and carbon nanotubes",
abstract = "Carbon fiber reinforced composites are used in a wide range of applications in aerospace, mechanical, and civil structures. Due to the nature of material, most damage in composites, such as delaminations, are always barely visible to the naked eye, which makes it difficult to detect and repair. The investigation of biological systems has inspired the development and characterization of self-healing composites. This paper presents the development of a new type of self-healing material in order to impede damage progression and conduct in-situ damage repair in composite structures. Carbon nanotubes, which are highly conductive materials, are mixed with shape memory polymer to develop self-healing capability. The developed polymeric material is applied to carbon fiber reinforced composites to automatically heal the delamination between different layers. The carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates are manufactured using high pressure molding techniques. Tensile loading is applied to double cantilever beam specimens using an MTS hydraulic test frame. A direct current power source is used to generate heat within the damaged area. The application of thermal energy leads to re-crosslinking in shape memory polymers. Experimental results showed that the developed composite materials are capable of healing the matrix cracks and delaminations in the bonded areas of the test specimens. The developed self-healing material has the potential to be used as a novel structural material in mechanical, civil, aerospace applications.",
keywords = "Carbon fiber reinforced composites, Carbon nanotubes, Self-healing, Shape memory polymer, Thermal energy",
author = "Yingtao Liu and Abhishek Rajadas and Aditi Chattopadhyay",
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T1 - Self-healing nanocomposite using shape memory polymer and carbon nanotubes
AU - Liu, Yingtao
AU - Rajadas, Abhishek
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N2 - Carbon fiber reinforced composites are used in a wide range of applications in aerospace, mechanical, and civil structures. Due to the nature of material, most damage in composites, such as delaminations, are always barely visible to the naked eye, which makes it difficult to detect and repair. The investigation of biological systems has inspired the development and characterization of self-healing composites. This paper presents the development of a new type of self-healing material in order to impede damage progression and conduct in-situ damage repair in composite structures. Carbon nanotubes, which are highly conductive materials, are mixed with shape memory polymer to develop self-healing capability. The developed polymeric material is applied to carbon fiber reinforced composites to automatically heal the delamination between different layers. The carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates are manufactured using high pressure molding techniques. Tensile loading is applied to double cantilever beam specimens using an MTS hydraulic test frame. A direct current power source is used to generate heat within the damaged area. The application of thermal energy leads to re-crosslinking in shape memory polymers. Experimental results showed that the developed composite materials are capable of healing the matrix cracks and delaminations in the bonded areas of the test specimens. The developed self-healing material has the potential to be used as a novel structural material in mechanical, civil, aerospace applications.
AB - Carbon fiber reinforced composites are used in a wide range of applications in aerospace, mechanical, and civil structures. Due to the nature of material, most damage in composites, such as delaminations, are always barely visible to the naked eye, which makes it difficult to detect and repair. The investigation of biological systems has inspired the development and characterization of self-healing composites. This paper presents the development of a new type of self-healing material in order to impede damage progression and conduct in-situ damage repair in composite structures. Carbon nanotubes, which are highly conductive materials, are mixed with shape memory polymer to develop self-healing capability. The developed polymeric material is applied to carbon fiber reinforced composites to automatically heal the delamination between different layers. The carbon fiber reinforced composite laminates are manufactured using high pressure molding techniques. Tensile loading is applied to double cantilever beam specimens using an MTS hydraulic test frame. A direct current power source is used to generate heat within the damaged area. The application of thermal energy leads to re-crosslinking in shape memory polymers. Experimental results showed that the developed composite materials are capable of healing the matrix cracks and delaminations in the bonded areas of the test specimens. The developed self-healing material has the potential to be used as a novel structural material in mechanical, civil, aerospace applications.
KW - Carbon fiber reinforced composites
KW - Carbon nanotubes
KW - Self-healing
KW - Shape memory polymer
KW - Thermal energy
U2 - 10.1117/12.2009908
DO - 10.1117/12.2009908
10.1117/12.2009908


text:
package net.cattaka.android.gcmadkalert.data;

public enum OpCode {
    LED_RGB((byte)1), //
    UNKNOWN((byte)-1);

    private byte value;

    OpCode(byte value) {
        this.value = value;
    }

    public byte getValue() {
        return value;
    }

    public static OpCode fromValue(byte value) {
        for (OpCode oc : values()) {
            if (oc.getValue() == value) {
                return oc;
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        }
        return UNKNOWN;
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}


Gen_14:13 And there came one that had escaped, and told Abram the Hebrew; for he dwelt in the plain of Mamre the Amorite, brother of Eshcol, and brother of Aner: and these were confederate with Abram.
The term Jew comes from Judah and has to do with the tribe and nation. Abraham was not a Jew.


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B-C-S voters pass 1 levy, reject another
B-C-S voters pass 1 levy, reject another; other levies decided by Ottawa County voters decided in Tuesday's primary.
B-C-S voters pass 1 levy, reject another B-C-S voters pass 1 levy, reject another; other levies decided by Ottawa County voters decided in Tuesday's primary. Check out this story on portclintonnewsherald.com: https://ohne.ws/2rtQDwl
Jon Stinchcomb, Reporter Published 7:43 p.m. ET May 8, 2018 | Updated 1:27 p.m. ET May 9, 2018
Benton-Carroll-Salem Schools treasurer Cajon Keeton, Oak Harbor Mayor Joe Helle and Superintendent Guy Parmigian tally up election results as they come in on Tuesday night.(Photo: Jon Stinchcomb/News Herald)Buy Photo
OAK HARBOR - Voters in the Benton-Carroll-Salem Local School District passed one tax levy and rejected the other on Tuesday, but school officials described it as a "victory" and plan to return to the ballot.
Voters approved a five-year, 3.89-mill property tax estimated to generate about $1.4 million annually for the B-C-S school district's operating expenses.
It passed by 85 votes, 1,676 to 1,591, according to unofficial totals from the Ottawa County Board of Elections.
"We're very thankful to the community for their support. This is a victory for the students of Benton-Carroll-Salem Schools," said Superintendent Guy Parmigian.
However, voters rejected a five-year, 1-percent earned income tax that would have generated an estimated $1.989 million annually for B-C-S Schools. The levy was defeated by 50 votes, 1,603 for to 1,653 against.
"We're a little disappointed by the income tax, but we're heartened by the fact that it only failed by 50 votes," Parmigian said. "We will be back on the ballot because the money is still needed, but we feel very encouraged."
The B-C-S school levies were sought by the district to make up for $6 million being lost from the devaluation of equipment at the Davis-Besse plant and the state's phasing out of the tangible personal property tax.
The "Arndt-Gardner B-C-S Bridge" amendment, which passed in April, provides an average of an additional $1.85 million per year over the next three years, totaling $5.5 million, which school officials said will serve as a "bridge" until the school can fully collect revenue from the levies.
Parmigian said they will seek to pass the 1-percent earned income tax levy again in either August or November.
Supporters of the Benton-Carroll-Salem Local School District await elections results on two school levies on Tuesday night. (Photo: Jon Stinchcomb/News Herald)
Several other townships throughout the county voted on local tax levies for a variety of services, from police, fire and EMS to general expenses. Those include the following:
• Danbury Township, including the Village of Marblehead: 1.5-mill replacement levy over five years for fire department services, passed 849-159.
• Village of Marblehead: 2.2-mills renewal and increase levy over five years for current expenses, passed 144-50.
• Clay Township, excluding the Village of Genoa: 2-mill additional levy over a continuing period for police and EMS, passed 260-175.
• Village of Genoa: 2-mill additional levy over five years for police services, failed 125-204.
• Benton Township: 1.5-mill additional levy over five years for current expenses, passed 440-368.
jstinchcom@gannett.com
Twitter: @JonDBN
Read or Share this story: https://ohne.ws/2rtQDwl
Community won't let rain damper Ottawa Co. Fair


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Treatment of landfill leachate through struvite precipitation and nitrogen removal bacteria and poly-phosphate bacteria (in-pots experiment)
Abstract— Landfill leacheate is a type of wastewater which contains large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus, therefore it needed to be treated before releasing to directly to the environment. The combination between struvite precipitation and nitrogen removal and poly-P bacteria into wastewater for landfill leachate treatment has been found to be a cost-effective practive, a viable technology in terms of environmental protection and sustainability, especially in the developing-countries. For optimum struvite crystallization from landfill leachate, the Mg:PO4 molar ratio as (1.2:1) was used, the pH of reaction was adjusted to 9 and the sample was stirred continously during 40 minutes. The supernatant sample was then added 1% nitrogen removal bacteria (Pseudomonas stutzeri D3b strain) and 1% poly-P bacteria (Kurthia sp. TGT1013L strain), 5 g glucose/L and aeration 12/24h during 3 days, ammonium concentration reduced significantly from 1076 mg/L to 1.5 mg/L and orthophosphate concentration decreased noticeably from 24.91 mg/L to 7.6 mg/L.
Effects of Preservation using Response Surface Methodology on Fresh-cut Taro
Abstract— In order to evaluate the effect of preservation on fresh-cut taro, the edible coatings preservatives were connected with Konjac glucan-mannan (KGM), potassium sorbate, chitosan, by determining changes of weight loss rate, browning degree (BD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD), the preservative effect on fresh-cut taro were studied. The optimal composite of Konjac glucan-mannan (KGM), potassium sorbate, chitosan was analyzed by single factor test and Box-Behnken response surface method. The results showed the optimal concentration were KGM 6g/L, potassium sorbate 4g/L and chitosan 8g/L. Verified test showed that composite coating could reduce the weight loss rate, browning, PPO and POD activity of fresh-cut taro.
Phosphotriesterase-Like Lactonase Immobilized on Zeolites for Pesticides Degradation
Abstract— In this study, a non commercial PTE was covalently immobilized on the NaX zeolite crystals and its ability to biodegrade the paraoxon to a less harmful compound was investigated. The immobilization method did not change the enzyme catalytic performance. In fact, the specific activity was the same of the free one. Besides, the process improved the stability of the enzyme.
The obtained results are interesting because of usually the immobilization process increases the enzyme stability but causes a reduction of its catalytic activity. Therefore, this pioneer study of the immobilization of the PTE on zeolite particles seems to be an environmental-friendly solution to the problem of pesticides pollution.
Sustainable Strategy of Charcoal (Panglong Arang) Management in the Bengkalis Regency
Background and Purpose: Charcoal is a residue that occurs from the results of decomposition of wood due to heat when most of the chemical components are carbon. One method of making wood charcoal is to use a stove. Charcoal is an important factor in determining the sustainability of the lives of surrounding communities that have long been running. Therefore the purpose of this study is to create a strategy based on the SWOT analysis to see if the charcoal business using mangrove forests can proceed or not.
Materials and Methods: Analysis of sustainable development strategies using SWOT Analysis which is one of the analyses used to formulate a strategy in an area of development. This analysis consists of 4 basic elements, namely strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. These four elements come from two main factors: internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats). While the stages in the SWOT analysis.
Results: Analysis of public perception of the existence of charcoal trading business in the Bengkalis District gave a "Good response" with a score of 2.66. These results illustrate that the existence of a charcoal trading business does not provide a bad impact as long as it is in a location around a mangrove forest. The results obtained in the SWOT matrix diagram are in the fourth quadrant; show that the priority of the strategy is the Strength (S) and Threats (T) strategies. The components in these two strategies need to get more emphasis and attention so that the existence of a charcoal trading business can be sustainable.
Conclusion: The public perception of the charcoal long-standing regulation in the" Bengkalis Regency" is in the "Good category" which is a prerequisite in the development of continuous charcoal. The strategy for sustainable charcoal development is in quadrant IV, namely the S-T strategy.
In-Vitro Management of Erwinia carotovora the Causal Organism of Potato Soft Rot Disease
Abstract—In vitro efficacy six chemical substance were evaluated against Erwinia carotovora the causal organism of potato soft rot disease. E. carotovora was isolated from diseased potato tubers by dilution plate technique and different biochemical and pathogenicity test were performed to confirm the bacterial species. Six chemicals viz. Copper Oxychloride @ 0.2%, Mancozeb @ 0.2%, Boric acid @ 0.1%, Kasugamycin @ 0.02%, Carbendazim @ 0.3% and Sodium Hypochlorite @ 0.2% were tested against E. carotovora subsp. carotovora by well diffusion method. For each treatment there were four replications and tested chemical volume was 100 µl. Data were recorded up to five days of incubation. Maximum zone of inhibition (mm) was obtained after 48 hours of incubation with Copper Oxychloride (30.35 mm), followed by Mancozeb (20.15 mm), Boric acid (19.15 mm) and Kasugamycin (16.28mm). Copper Oxychloride produced the maximum growth inhibition (33.72%) of the pathogen, on the other hand Sodium Hypochlorite (2.68%) did not efficiently inhibit the growth of E. carotovora. Copper Oxychloride proved to be the best chemical followed by Mancozeb under in-vitro management against E. carotovora subsp. carotovora.
Constraints, mitigations, and opportunities for sustainable development of rice-based system in Laos
Abstract— Rice production in Xieng Ngeun District (XND), Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) faces several challenges that have resulted in a decline in rice production and a, therefore, food insecurity in the country. Smallholder farmers in XND, Luang Prabang in the Northern part of Lao are the most affected resulting in poor households and economies. Therefore, this study aims first to identify the key constraints affecting rice production systems; secondly to review the opportunities that exist in the rice production systems and lastly, to discuss opportunities that exist if the constraints are mitigated that can boost sustainable development of rice-based systems (SDRBS). A structured questionnaire was administered to village headmen, community members, and farmers in the nine selected villages with a total sample size of 374 farmers. Farmers' strength for rice is that they have agricultural land, on average 3 hectares per family. Apart from rice production, the majority of farmers have diversified into maize, Job's tears, vegetable cultivation and livestock keeping. The key strength of the respondent was the availability of land as most of them had more than 3ha of agricultural land. The diversification into the production of other crops is an important constraint to rice production. Labour was also an important constraint to rice production as most families have more than six children; thus, one member has to stay behind to take care of the children. The opportunities to improve rice production is mainly in the adoption of modern farming approaches using improved rice varieties, fertilizer application, use of herbicides for weed control and pesticides for insects and disease control. The farmers do not use pesticides to control insect pest and disease, and thus perennially faced challenges in rice production due to pest and diseases outbreaks. Moreover, there was a low rice productivity since majority of the the farmers did not use fertilizers in their fields, with a paltry 0.8% of the farmers recording positive response to fertilizer use. Despite this, most of the farmers (78.3%) indicated that they do not use herbicides for weed control. Market accessibility was a major concern to the farmers due to poor road infrastructure, hence resulting in delayed farm operations and produce spoilage. The farmers should be encouraged to adopt modern farming practices such use of pesticides to insect and disease management, weed control using herbicides for weed control, and fertilizer applications for improved soil fertility and yield. Moreover, there exist additional opportunities to improve rice productivity through adoption of improved rice cultivars, farm mechanizations, provision of extension services and improved market accessibility.
Survivability of P. oxalicum T3.3 bioformulation on carrier materials and storage temperature
Abstract—Good bioformulation play crucial roles in the successfully of commercialize biological control products. The development of bioformulation is necessary to improve product stability, delivery and bioactivity. The aim of this study is to assess the shelf life of P. oxalicum T3.3 conidia in the different ratio(1:1,1:2,2:1) of Biochar:Biocompost (BcBp) and Peat:Vermiculite (PtVm) and temperature (4ºC and room temperature) for 6 months. The results showed that P. oxalicum T3.3 was able to sustain highest viable cell (CFU) at 4ºC storage temperature. BcBp and PtVm have the highest cell viability at ratio 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. Both BcBp and PtVm showed potential carriers for the development of biofungicide for agriculture purposes.
Aflatoxin B1 Exposure Induced Obesity/Breast Cancer Based in Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status
Background: Obesity (Ob) linked to Breast Cancer (BC) has reached epidemic proportions worldwide (WW) including Indonesia, Brazil, Bangladesh and also developed countries. To assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of central Ob and BC WW, are commonly linked with geography (wet and warm climate), race, immigrant, but not SES.
Problem: Low and middle-SES are associated with lower outcome affect late diagnosis, late hospitalization and treatment, but not with p53 mutation caused by AFB1 exposure.
Objectives: Low and middle-SES and neighborhood are linked to AFB1 exposure as the cause of Ob/BC prevalence.
Method: PRISMA design of Systematic Review using Science Direct and EBSCO data based with keywords Ob/BC AND SES. A Bayesian network of Ob (BMI, WC, WHR) and SES (neighborhood) are used. Mainly high AFB1 high guideline AFB1 exposures are recorded.
Result: One flowchart detected 152 references and one table or 30 references which included 153,099 subjects at least supported SES/AFB1-associated Ob/BC prevalence or almost related.
Conclusion: Low and middle-SES represent AFB1 exposure as the cause of Ob/BC beyond geography, race and ethnic.