text:
Launch Week – An overview
Georgina Yeomans February 26, 2017 February 26, 2017 formula 1, Uncategorized
The past week has seen the ten teams who are competing this season publicly reveal their cars.
20th February – Sauber
Meet the Sauber C-36 Ferrari
Images courtesy of Sauber F1.
The work undertaken on the new car was primarily to reduce drag (because of the new wider tyres) and reducing weight.
The team also made improvements to downforce, although remained focused on improving aerodynamic stability.
"We put greater emphasis on aerodynamic stability as opposed to maximising downforce," Jorg Zander, Technical Director spoke.
21st February – Renault
Meet the R.S.17
Images courtesy of Renault.
The car was released in London, England, and demonstrated a new array of sponsors, including BP, Castrol, and MAPFRE.
The R.S.17 has carried on no parts from last year's R.S.16, which will hopefully be cause for success from the team this season. It was also designed in two different locations – Enstone, England, and in Viry-Chatillon, France.
Jerome Stoll, President of Renault Sport Racing spoke: "The R.S.17 is the first car which Enstone and Viry have been able to plan and develop from the outset and we're satisfied by the fruits of this interaction. It's a beautiful car. As well as the excitement of the R.S.17 itself, we also have a highly important new partner in BP through their BP and Castrol brands. For 2017 our performance targets are clear. We want to take a definite, tangible step forward in performance and results. Fifth position in the Constructors' Championship is our goal."
22nd February – Force India
Meet the VJM10
Images courtesy of Sahara Force India.
Force India have made big changes to aerodynamics, the chassis, and the tyres.
Chief Operating Officer Otmar Szafnauer spoke: "As a team we have some internal objectives, but it's very hard for me to verbalise those ambitions because it's impossible to know what our competitors could achieve given such a huge change of regulations. What I can say is that we have met our internal targets for the car – for example in terms of the aero numbers we set as the goal for the launch car. How those targets compare to our competitors is impossible to say until we hit the track."
23rd February – Mercedes
Meet the W08 EQ Power+
Images courtesy of Mercedes AMG Petronas.
The car was released from Silverstone, home of the British Grand Prix, online via 360 degree video.
The W08 also completed its first laps of the circuit at the hands of Lewis Hamilton and Valtteri Bottas.
The car has been designed to withstand increased physical loads and a more severe duty cycle under the new regulations.
Team Boss Toto Wolff spoke: "The dominant feeling in the team right now is one of excitement – the factory is buzzing with anticipation. It has been a really motivating challenge to develop a brand new car concept and I have never seen our determination to succeed higher than it is right now.
"Of course, we had a curve ball from Nico late last year that left us scrambling a little bit in the winter. But we found a great solution with Valtteri and I am sure that he will form a strong partnership with Lewis. They have both been working hard in the factory with the technical teams and, although we have a different dynamic to manage than in recent seasons, I don't expect the competition between them to be less intense. And that's how we like it.
"This year, in-season development will play a big role in determining the championship outcome. None of us know where we will stand at the first race but I am confident that, whatever that position is, we have the people and the capability to deal with every challenge that comes our way. This will be the season where our full works team can show its true strength."
24th February – Ferrari and McLaren
Meet the SF70H
Images courtesy of Scuderia Ferrari.
Note the lengthened nose and arrow-shaped wing, as a result of an overhaul of the regulations. Another new feature includes the 'shark fin' on the engine cover. The Scuderia also displays upsized power-steering and braking systems.
Ferrari have concentrated a lot of their efforts onto aerodynamics, which held the team back in 2016, which will hopefully allow for faster cornering speeds.
"There is big emotion when you go to see a new Ferrari live," Maurizio Arrivabene, Ferrari Team Principal spoke.
"Looking at the new car, thinking about the effort, dedication, professionalism and passion people put together to make it.
"I am very very proud of this."
Meet the MCL32
Images courtesy of McLaren Honda.
The popular new orange livery, which hails to McLaren's 1960 roots has made an appearance with the release of their new car.
As well as the striking body work, McLaren has also focused on the new chassis and an improved power unit.
Racing Director Eric Boullier spoke:"Within McLaren-Honda, there's a tangible feeling of progress, of change. This year's rules reset is a valuable opportunity for us – it will allow us to make progress with what we feel is a well ordered and clearly defined chassis-engine package, and hopefully to narrow the delta between us and the front-running teams.
"The addition of a striking orange and black paint job reinforces the notion that we're moving away from what immediately preceded it, but it's the engineering detail on the MCL32 that really impresses me. It's the result of a huge amount of work from a team that has really developed together over the past few years. The chassis is incredibly well realised, the power unit has been significantly developed and, in Fernando [Alonso] and Stoffel [Vandoorne], we have a hugely exciting driver pairing that's already blending really well.
"There's a feeling around the factory that we're about to turn the corner. Our relationship with Honda has blossomed – there's a real sense of comradeship to what we do now – and I think we're all very excited about what we can achieve together this year."
25th February – Williams
Meet the FW40
Image courtesy of Williams Martini Racing.
Celebrating 40 years in Formula 1 this year, Williams have rejuvenated their car from 2016.
With new aerodynamics and increased G-force, the FW40's most noticeable change on the surface is the 'shark fin', which has also been adopted by several other teams.
However, the power unit and the area around the power unit has not changed much, in comparison to other sections of the car.
26th February – Red Bull, Toro Rosso and Haas
Meet the RB13
Images courtesy of Red Bull Racing.
The RB13 includes a re-vamped front wing and nose, and also features the popular 'shark fin' on its engine cover.
"I've missed race weekends – the F1 circus," driver Daniel Ricciardo spoke.
"We got to the end of the season and it was like 'I'm done with this for a while – give me a holiday', but now we're coming up to the start of the year and I'm hungry for that again. Everyone's posting videos and photos of their training in the off-season but now let's do our talking on the track and see what happens!"
"How will the first race be? Hopefully we have a good start and then lead the whole race," spoke Ricciardo's teammate Max Verstappen.
"Hopefully we have a really boring race. That would be perfect!"
Meet the STR12
Images courtesy of Scuderia Toro Rosso.
With a new livery, the front of STR12 has been completely revamped, which will allow for more downforce.
Brendan Gilhome spoke: "The front half [of the car] is completely new, with a swept front wing and a lot more freedom around the front of the floor, which means you can generate more downforce. There is also more freedom at the rear: you have a wider floor, a higher diffuser, the diffuser starts earlier and the rear wing is wider and lower.
"The philosophy for some of the car is something that we can take across from last year, but other areas require a complete re-think. The front wing position and shape has changed as well as all of the front floor. There is a lot more opportunity to explore different ideas and explore concepts that you hadn't been allowed in the past."
Meet the VF-17
Images courtesy of Haas F1.
The car made its first appearance this weekend at the Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya just before pre-season testing is due to begin in the coming week.
The car also includes a wider front wing, larger barge boards, and lower and wider rear wing and a diffuser that expands 50mm.
Team Boss Gene Haas spoke: "Bigger, Better, Faster, Lighter is what we strive for in the machining industry and it's what we strive for in motorsports. People see what we can do in Formula One, and people believe Haas Automation can build world-class machine tools."
"I think the pedal box is the same, but all the rest is very different from last year's car," said Guenther Steiner, the Team Principal.
"You always try to make a faster car, which is normally a lighter car. Now we can put on more ballast and get better weight distribution. The aero is completely new, as are the tires, so we needed to have some built-in adjustability.
"Aesthetically, the car has a more aggressive look. It's lighter and more aerodynamically efficient. Everything we learned from our first car has been applied to our new car."
Pre-seasoning testing begins tomorrow in Barcelona and continues until March 10.
car launches, f1, ferrari, force india, formula 1, formula one, haas, launch week, mclaren, mercedes, motorsport, racing, red bull, renault, sauber, toro rosso, williams
Previous Scuderia Ferrari launches 2017 car
Next Tatiana Calderon signed as Sauber development driver


1. Dry roast the rava in a pan for 5 -7 mins. Transfer it to a bowl.
2. Cut the vegetable into small pieces,slice the green chillies into two and chop the onions.
3. Use the same pan or cooker, heat the oil, add mustard seeds.when it starts to splutter, add urad dal, channa dal, curry leaves, green chillies, ginger and onion, fry until the onion turns brown.
4. Add the finely chopped vegetables and fry for 2 min.
5. Now add the roasted rava and fry for 2 min.
6. Then add water and salt, Steam cook the upma for 5-8 mins if using the cooker, or cover the pan with a lid and cook for the same amount of time.
Serve hot with pickle or coconut chutney.
Hint: It is a simple,tasty and healthy dish. This upma fill your stomach very well so ideal for people on diet.


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Neustar, Inc. (NYSE: NSR) today announced that it will report its second quarter 2016 results on Thursday, July 28, 2016 after the close of regular trading.
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Neustar, Inc. (NYSE: NSR) today announced that it will report its first quarter 2016 results on Thursday, April 28, 2016 after the close of regular trading.


text:
namespace Cofoundry.Domain;

/// <summary>
/// Permission to update SEO settings.
/// </summary>
public class SeoSettingsUpdatePermission : IEntityPermission
{
    public SeoSettingsUpdatePermission()
    {
        EntityDefinition = new SettingsEntityDefinition();
        PermissionType = new PermissionType("SEOUPD", "Update SEO", "Update SEO Settings");
    }

    public IEntityDefinition EntityDefinition { get; private set; }
    public PermissionType PermissionType { get; private set; }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Welcome to Volume Two of Waiting for Wednesday! It's All-New! All-Different!
We've killed off, like, all of your favorite heroes (and a villain or two), and we plan to bring (most of) them back as less-popular, though still-a-little-bit-recognizable (so as to cash in on their marketability), knock-offs in the very near future!
They'll have insanely difficult to follow new origins, and their actions and decisions will be steeped in decades of cloudy and confusing continuity (that may or may not have even existed!). Oh, and we plan to ship each week with--at a minimum--four different covers, each one more "limited" than the one before it.
You're gonna love it!
Right. So. Since that's out of my system...
Now that our first year of WfW is behind us, I can promise a few new things for the New Year. Well, okay, fine, that's not entirely true. Actually, it's not even a little bit true.
Waiting for, Volume Two (or, as the cool kids are calling it, "The Deuce"), will be very much like Waiting for, Volume One. Each week at this time, I'll run down a short list of comics that I'm anxiously awaiting to purchase at the old comics shop, and I'll provide witty, hilarious, and sometimes even thoughtful and moving, commentary throughout.
Oh, and sarcasm. There'll be that, too.
As always, I'll try to mix things up a bit with my weekly selections, as I tend to read both mainstream books and off-the-beaten-path titles that many fans might not even be aware of.
So, with that (second) preamble out of the way, let's get to this first Wednesday of the year's comics. The biggest book of the week is undoubtedly Marvel's Siege, issue one, which is the first in a four issue mini-series from the publisher.
Now, I have to be honest here. I am very far behind in my Marvel reading. This past weekend, I made a point of it to sit down and try to catch up on my books, and while I made some headway in that regard, there's still quite a ways for me to go.
My backlog of comics has reached a stupid level, and as a result, I'll probably be buying many more trades than single issues this year. And, because of financial...um...situations...this may finally be the year that I actually stick to that resolution.
AnyVonDoom, back to Siege.
This is Marvel's big event for the New Year, and it's written by Brian Bendis with art by the fantastic Oliver Coipel (House of M). Siege promises to be the culmination of Marvel's big events over the past few years and it will likely lay the foundations for the post-Secret Invasion landscape, so there's plenty of hype surrounding the project.
Here's the blurb from Marvel:
Beginning with the ravaging affects of Avengers Disassembled and following the aftermaths of House of M, Civil War and Secret Invasion, culminating with the evil Reign of Norman Osborn, the Marvel Universe has been left with its greatest villains holding more power and control than ever before.
On the brink of madness, Osborn, in his final bid to take total control, targets the final obstacle in his mission...Asgard. Events are set in motion forcing our heroes to put aside the deep rifts that have grown over the past seven years.
Opposing them stand a horde of evil that has begun to take down the gods of the Golden Realm! SIEGE will rock the foundations of every super hero, villain and team in the Marvel Universe. As an era ends, one word will ring above all others "SIEGE."
See? What did I tell ya about the culminating?
Siege will be a big, important title for the next few months, and anyone with even a passing interest in the current Marvel Universe should probably check this issue out to see what the immediate future will hold for the characters.
Even so, for my money at least, the best Marvel book shipping this week is the clunk-ily titled, Ultimate Comics: Spider-Man, issue six. Also written by Brian Bendis, this series is, simply put, something special.
Much like he did throughout the critically acclaimed and commercially successful first volume of the title, Bendis has brought a new, interesting, and utterly engaging take on Spider-Man to volume two.
I've had the first four issues of this series piled up somewhere in my stack of unread books, and I finally read through them this weekend. Personally, I dropped the first series after Mark Bagley left as its ongoing artist. Not because I had anything against his replacement--the incredibly talented Stuart Immonen--mind you, but it was more because I was looking for an excuse to drop a monthly book.
I figured I'd collect the series in trades. Which, of course, never happened once I couldn't afford to buy as many trades as I used to.
Still, before the big Ultimatum event hit the Ultimate line, I had stopped reading the titles across the board. And I can honestly say that I missed Bendis' Spidey, and I'm glad I decided to give this new volume a shot.
Bendis always works with the best artists in the business, and he often introduces mainstream readers to the work of various indy artists. In the case of this latest incarnation of Ultimate Spider-Man, David Lafuente is certainly one of the finest artists Bendis has ever worked with. And that's saying something.
Here's the blurb for this week's issue:
Mysterio has had just about enough of Spider-Man, so he sends in the ULTIMATE SPIDER-SLAYER...and sends it right to Peter Parker's school! All this and the mystery of the Shroud is finally revealed!! Join rockstars BRIAN MICHAEL BENDIS and DAVID LAFUENTE as we swing into the final chapter of this thrilling arc!
Since this is the final issue of the first arc, I'd suggest trying to find the first issue, flip through it, see if you dig it, then wait on the trade and buy that. But that's just me.
Moving right along. The award for the most interesting title, though, from Marvel, goes to a book I know NOTHING about. I just saw the cover image on Marvel's Web site five minutes ago. It's an import book, and it's called Daffodil, and it's about vampires. That's all I know besides what the cover looks like.
So now you and I know about the same amount about this book. Here's the blurb from Marvel:
THE STORY: Addio-Colonnello is a distant town, a port beyond the oceans, many moons away from our Bohemian lands. Tragedy strikes when Nosferatu launches his assault, commanding his legion of vampires to descend upon this town.
This is how the Lords of the Vampire Parliament make their point. The mission of Daffodil, Globuline and Achilles, three beautiful agents of the very same Vampire Parliament, is apprehend Nosferatu and uncover the motive for his crime. 48 PGS./Mature...$5.99
Sounds different, I'll give you that. And the cover is drawn by the interior artist, and it's kinda different and cool. That six dollar price point's a killer, but these books are pretty packed with content. The other Marvel imports have all pretty much been the size of two (or three!) typical, American comics, so you're certainly getting your money's worth.
Still, since I know next to nothing about the book, I can't really say much more than I'm going to flip through it in the store and see if it's my thing.
One book that I have absolutely no reservations in recommending is The Unwritten. From Vertigo--who had a banner year in 2009, by the way--comes the trade paperback of volume one of the Mike Carey-penned series. And, because Vertigo is Vertigo, they are releasing this first volume for the insanely low price of $9.99.
I've been screaming about this series all year, and now's the perfect opportunity for a new reader to hop on and give it a shot. I know from the comments we get that our readers are incredibly well read over a wide variety of genres, and I think this book will put smiles on a lot of faces.
I'm so confident, in fact, that I will give this book the Official Exfanding Seal of Approval.
Here's the blurb for the series:
"A wish-I'd-thought-of-it premise, beautifully executed. Highly recommended for anyone who thinks that fantasy can do more than just help you escape the real world."
— Brian K. Vaughan, Y: THE LAST MAN
"Fascinating...one of the brainiest and most interesting comics of the year."
— Wired
Tom Taylor's life was screwed from the word go. His father created the mega-popular Tommy Taylor boy-wizard fantasy novels. But dad modeled the fictional epic so closely to Tom that fans constantly compare him to his counterpart, turning him into a lame, Z-level celebrity.
When a scandal hints that Tom might really be the boy-wizard made flesh, Tom comes into contact with a mysterious, deadly group that's secretly kept tabs on him all his life. Now, to protect his life and discover the truth behind his origins, Tom will travel the world, to all the places in world history where fictions have shaped reality.
From Bill Willingham to Ed Brubaker, from the LA Times to Ain't It Cool News, THE UNWRITTEN has won over fans, critics and pros. Now, don't miss the first collected edition featuring the first five issues of the overwhelmingly acclaimed Vertigo series.
Seriously, folks, give this book a chance if you haven't already.
And, finally, we come to the last book in this, the groundbreaking first issue of WfW, Volume Two. Also from Vertigo, issue 21 of House of Mystery. Behind The Goon, this is probably my favorite book out there today.
For horror fans, there's really no better title on the stands--especially not from the big publishers. And this week's issue promises to be new reader friendly.
Here's the blurb from Vertigo:
A new era for the House of Mystery begins as Fig reopens the bar to the public. But where's Harry? What's Cain doing here? And what are those things floating in their dusty jars? This is a stellar jumping-on point for new readers featuring a story illustrated by Sergio Aragones about...oh, what do you care what it's about? It's Sergio!
House is where it's at, and the combination of the Bill Willingham/Matt Sturges writing and the amazing Luca Rossi art has made for a perfect comics reading experience. If you want to try the book, this issue is probably a decent place to start, but I'd suggest picking up the first trade--which, of course, Vertigo offers for the same, low, low price of $9.99.
And, well, holy cats.
That brings us to the conclusion of the first Waiting for Wednesday of the New Year. Here's to the next 51 weeks of blogging, and here's to the next 51 weeks of good, intelligent comic books.
That's my bit for the day. So, what are you Waiting for?
Topics: Action-Adventure, Alex's Nonsense, Comics, Monsters, Waiting for Wednesday
One book I've been surprised that you've never mentioned is DMZ. DMZ and Y the Last Man go together in my mind for some reason; they both had extremely good runs and then so-so runs, but I think they're both worth reading again. Vertigo was the first non-Marvel/non-DC company to thoroughly impress me with story quality, and those two comics are a large reason why.
You know, I always hated how comics would arbitrarily change volumes just for the sake of an "issue one," but then later, equally arbitrarily change back to the old volume/issue numbering. It's a needlessly confusing gimmick.
(Superman is the first comic to come to mind for that complaint, by the way.)
While I've never read DMZ (but I have heard some really good things), I am currently reading Y in trade. Well, actually, I'm reading it in hardcover, really. The first two Deluxe Edition hardcovers are out, and I've read thoses, so I'm anxiously awaiting Volume Three.
I think Y is one of the best books of the last decade.
Maybe I'll pick up the first DMZ trade--you have a sense of some of the books I read. Do you think I'd like it?
I'm not entirely sure about your tastes, but DMZ is certainly a good book with solid writing.
The first issue of The Siege was less illuminating than I would have hoped, honestly. It feels really contrived and seems like it'll just be fight scene after fight scene for the sake of some cool eye candy. The checklist for this latest event really did make me groan, too. It's way too long.
It seems like Marvel took a great idea with Dark Reign, and then just dragged it out far too long.
I think if Siege had hit around six months ago, it wouldn't feel so...burdensome for readers.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


In the context of the exhibition "Gordon Matta-Clark: Anarchitect," Jessamyn Fiore, the exhibition's curator and co-director of the Estate of Gordon Matta-Clark, and Federica Matta, the artist's sister, will discuss Matta-Clark's work. The event will take place on Saturday, March 10, 5:00 to 6:00pm, at The Bronx Museum of the Arts in New York.
Description: Gordon Matta-Clark: Anarchitect at The Bronx Museum of the Arts explores how the artist's practice introduced radical ways of subverting urban architecture, beginning with the series of "cuts" he produced in the Bronx in the early 1970s. Some of his best-known projects involved laboriously cutting holes in the floors or walls of abandoned or soon-to-be-demolished buildings or, as with "Splitting" (1974), meticulously slicing a house in two.


text:
Metal Gear Solid 5 Has Microtransactions
Jun. 22. 2015 7:40 AM
Konami has addressed some rumors that have been flying around about Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain. Gamers have become worried about the inclusion of microtransactions and coming out of E3, Konami has confirmed that microtransactions are in the game.
Motherboard spotted the confirmation from the first minute or so from the Metal Gear Solid V E3 demo, where Konami had this message for the fans...
There is no pay to win option. Rest assured that every single item, weapon and mission is available to all players without paying a single cent. However, the sheer scale of the game and the time required to explore it all – microtransactions have been added as a completely optional feature for players who might not be able to spend as much time in the game. Nothing more, nothing less.
Except there is more... because the common thread that links gamers' hate toward microtransactions to announcements like this is this one simple question: why not have cheat codes?
If some gamers are so desperate to cheat through the game to unlock new missions, weapons, accessories and goods, why not just cheat?
What's worse is that it is literally paying to win. Konami says that it's not "paying to win" but if you don't have time to win these things on your own and you pay for it, then what is that exactly? Exchanging currency for victory?
And even worse than that is this new culture of teaching people that it's okay to pay to cheat through life. Not good enough at a game? Pay to win. Can't get the trophy like these more skilled players? Pay to win. Need that fancy, high-powered gun that that one player unlocked after investing hundreds of hours into the game? Pay to win.
It's a strange mixed message insofar that when you get to real sports there's an opprobrious culture levied against players who use performance enhancing drugs to excel at the game. In that case, paying to win is frowned upon, chastised and punished. Yet at the same time we have game culture teaching you that if you don't have time to win honestly, you just pay for it. It's no surprise that there have been some rather deplorable cheating scandals that rocked the eSports scene in gaming. And keep in mind that the electronic sporting industry is worth hundreds of millions of dollars, as reported by LazyGamers.
While Konami may see microtransactions in a $60 game as "nothing more" and "nothing less", it contributes to the culture of unearned rewards. Before, if you cheated in a game you were deducted points, restricted from earning achievements or denied leaderboard presence... but now, you're glorified for it.
Nevertheless, Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain is shaping up to be one of the more talked about, desired and hotly anticipated games of the fall season. Gamers have been clamoring to learn more about it as Hideo Kojima preps to depart from Konami under less than auspicious circumstances.
Even still, I do wonder how well gamers will continue to appreciate Metal Gear Solid V and the multiplayer online component when they're dealing with people who may attempt to purchase their way through victory whenever possible?
Paying to win didn't just magically become a hated monetary paradigm in the gaming community for no reason, and Konami should be wary in how they fill out their cash shop for one of the biggest releases of 2015.
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text:
Q: Unicode characters in Python 3 vs Python 2 I have written a simple script in python 2 to train my knowledge of hiragana letters. Please see the code below :
import random

ROMAJI = ['A','I','U','E','O','KA','KI','KU','KE','KO','SA','SHI','SU','SE','SO','TA','CHI','TSU','TE','TO','NA','NI','NU','NE','NO']

romaji_letter = random.choice(ROMAJI)
romaji_index = ROMAJI.index(romaji_letter)

A = u'\u3042'
I = u'\u3044'
U = u'\u3046'
E = u'\u3048'
O = u'\u304A'
KA = u'\u304B'
KI = u'\u304D'
KU = u'\u304F'
KE = u'\u3051'
KO = u'\u3053'
SA = u'\u3055'
SHI = u'\u3057'
SU = u'\u3059'
SE = u'\u305B'
SO = u'\u305D'
TA = u'\u305F'
CHI = u'\u3061'
TSU = u'\u3064'
TE = u'\u3066'
TO = u'\u3068'
NA = u'\u306A'
NI = u'\u306B'
NU = u'\u306C'
NE = u'\u306D'
NO = u'\u306E'

HIRAGANA = [A,I,U,E,O,KA,KI,KU,KE,KO,SA,SHI,SU,SE,SO,TA,CHI,TSU,TE,TO,NA,NI,NU,NE,NO]

print("\nWhich Hiragana character is the Romaji letter " + romaji_letter + " ?\n")

for letter in HIRAGANA:
        print(letter.encode("UTF-8")+"     "+str(HIRAGANA.index(letter))+"\n")

print("Choose the corresponding number and press [ENTER] : ")

userInput = raw_input()

try:
        letter_index = int(userInput)
        print("You have chosen letter "+HIRAGANA[letter_index].encode("UTF-8"))

        if ( letter_index == romaji_index):
                print("The answer is correct!")
        else:
                print("The answer is incorrect!")

except:
        print("Enter only the number of the corresponding letters!")

When I execute this in python 2 it does work without problem. However when I try with python 3 I get the following error :
"Can't concat bytes to str"

Can someone help by explaining why is it happening?
Oh, not sure if it does matter, but I am using python 2 on fedora and python 3 on Windows 7 ( with Visual Studio 2012 along with python tools)

A: You should not be encoding your characters to UTF-8. Leave encoding to the print() call:
for letter in HIRAGANA:
    print(letter + u"     " + str(HIRAGANA.index(letter)) + u"\n")

and:
print(u"You have chosen letter " + HIRAGANA[letter_index])

because strings in Python 3 are all Unicode values, not bytes values, but encoding always produces bytes.
Better still, use string formatting and enumerate() here:
for index, letter in enumerate(HIRAGANA):
    print(u"{}     {}\n".format(letter, index))

and
print(u"You have chosen letter {}".format(HIRAGANA[letter_index]))

Next, raw_input() is not available in Python 3, you'd have to use input() there. You can use exceptions to detect which one to use:
try:
    raw_input
except NameError:
    raw_input = input  # Python 3

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
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Indiana Expungement – Can I Seal Old Convictions So My Employer Can't See Them? If So, Can I Thereafter Legally Say I Have Never Been Convicted of a Crime?
Thanks to recent changes in Indiana law, the answer to both of these questions is yes for all but sex on violent offenses.
What are the requirements to seal an old conviction in Indiana?
At least one (1) year after an arrest for which there was no conviction, a petition may be filed to expunge the arrest record.
At least five (5) years after the conviction for a Misdemeanor on a Felony sentenced as a Misdemeanor, a petition may be filed to seal the conviction.
At least eight (8) years after the date of conviction or three (3) years after the completion of the sentence, whichever is later, for a Felony, a petition may be filed to seal the conviction.
At least ten (10) years after the date of the conviction or five (5) years after the completion of the sentence, whichever is later, for a Felony involving a public official or serious bodily injury, a petition may be filed to seal the conviction.
A petitioner must have successfully completed their sentence. This requires only that they have paid all fines, fees, Court costs, and restitution.
The petitioner must show that they have no pending open charges against them and that they have not committed another crime during the above waiting period.
The petition must be filed in the County of the crime/conviction and all crimes/convictions in that County must be sealed in a single petition. Separate crimes/convictions in separate Counties require a separate petition.
Can I truthfully deny having been convicted of a crime after my records are sealed?
Once successfully sealed, a person questioned about their criminal record may truthfully and legally state that they have never been convicted of a crime that has not been expunged by the Court. However, the prior conviction may be used by law enforcement and the Court to enhance the sentence or charge in a later crime.
Please note that expungement of a crime of domestic violence does not restore the right to possess a firearm. The right to possess a firearm may be restored only under IC 35-47-4-7.
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This lesson develops learners' reading skills and enables learners to understand important information contained in job adverts. They are presented with three simple job adverts; waiter, cleaner and delivery driver.
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It is not known how the astronauts will return from space to Earth. The cause of the Soyuz failure is still unknown
A few months ago, the Russian Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft docked with the International Space Station (ISS). He had a serious coolant leak. Engineers from Roskosmos and NASA are looking for the cause of the failure. In addition, they are considering how to help astronauts on the International Space Station return safely to Earth. One concept assumes the support of the commercial company SpaceX.
engineers NASA It intends to investigate whether SpaceX's Crew Dragon spacecraft could be a potential transport vehicle for some members of the International Space Station (ISS) crew after Russia's Soyuz MS-22 capsule leaked during docking. In September, a leaked capsule carried an American soldier and two Russians to the International Space Station: Frank Rubio, Sergei Prokofiev, and Dmitry Petlin.
Find the cause
NASA and employees of the Russian space agency Roscosmos have been searching for weeks for the cause of the malfunction of the Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft, which was supposed to return to Earth in March with three cosmonauts. It could be caused by the capsule hitting a piece of space rock or space debris. It is also possible that the failure occurred in the capsule itself. If it happens due to the latter possibility, it would undermine the safety and security of all other devices in the Soyuz family.
– I can assure you it's something [Rosjanie – przyp. red.] They check and evaluate. "The Russians are really good at not talking about what they're doing, but they're very precise about what they do," said Mike Suffredini, who led NASA's International Space Station program from 2005 to 2015.
See also More than 70,000 vaccinations in the "vaccinators"
And Yuri Borisov, the head of Roscosmos, promised that in the next few days the engineers would decide how the crew would return to Earth. Time is not an ally here, because it is not known how long the temperature in the capsule will remain "within acceptable limits." Currently, its crew cabin is ventilated through an air intake from an open hatch to the ISS. According to Sergei Krikalev, the head of manned space programs in Russia, if the hatch is closed, the temperature will rise sharply.
The problem may indeed have been caused by a recent meteor shower, but as program director Joel Montalbano points out, the rock that destroyed the cooling system must have come from an unexpected direction. Therefore, it is more likely to hit a piece of space debris. However, this hypothesis fuels concerns about the increasingly hostile orbital environment and proper spacecraft construction.
International Space Station (ISS)stock struggle
They don't know how to help them come back
An unplanned leak thwarted the plans of Russian engineers, forcing them to find a workaround for the safe return of researchers from the International Space Station. One of the options was to send Universe Another ship of the same family, but due to technical conditions, it could be very risky and attract a lot of criticism. That's why NASA came up with and introduced a different concept – that includes supporting the commercial space enterprise – SpaceX.
"We've asked SpaceX several questions about its ability to fly additional crew members aboard Dragon if needed," NASA spokeswoman Sandra Jones said. At the moment, it is not clear if it is a matter of finding a way to increase the capacity of the ship or launching an empty capsule to help the crew.
See also How to prepare mushrooms for drying? We explain how mushrooms are dried [PORADNIK]
There are currently four other astronauts on the International Space Station. Two work for NASA, one for Roscosmos, and the last for JAXA – the Japanese Aerospace Agency. The SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule has also been parked on the International Space Station since October. This ship is only able to accommodate four people. Aside from the Russian Soyuz, it is the only reusable mode of transport on which people can travel to and from the International Space Station.
The International Space Station will be visible in the skyNASA
Main image source: stock struggle
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text:
Encyclopædia Americana: A Popular Dictionary of Arts, Sciences ..., Том 13
редактор(ы): Francis Lieber, Edward Wigglesworth, Thomas Gamaliel Bradford, Henry Vethake
$133,842, and spermaceti candles to the He also published a virulent opposition value of $217,830.–See an article in the paper, called the True Briton. Having Foreign Quarterly Review (No. 14), by J. impoverished himself by extravagance, R. McCulloch, and Scoresby's Voyage to his estates were, by a decree in chancery, the Northern Whale Fishery (Edinburgh, vested in the hands of trustees; and he re1823), and his Arctic Regions.
tired to the continent, and visited Vienna WHALEBONE ; a substance of the na- and Madrid. After practising new inture of horn, adhering, in thin parallel trigues, deceiving, by the levity of his plates, to the upper jaw of the whale. conduci, the Spanish court, and the cherThese laminæ vary, in size, from three to alier de St. George, and rendering himtwelve feet in length: the breadth of the self contemptible alike to all parties, be largest, at the thick end, where they are deprived himself of all his resources, by attached to the jaw, is about a foot. They rejecting an offer of restoration to his are extreinely elastic. All above six feet in title and estate, made him by sir Robert length is called size bone. (See Whale.) Walpole. Overwhelmed with debts, he
Wharton, Thomas, marquis of, an wem to Paris, where he lived for some English statesman, was one of the first time meanly and disreputably. At length persons of distinction who joined Wil- be returned to Spain, and, ruined in liam III on his arrival in England, and health as well as in fortune, he was proby that prince was made a privy coun- ceeding towards a mineral spring in sellor and justice in Eyre, south of the Catalonia, when he died at a small vilTrent. Queen Anne created him earl lage, in 1731. Towards the close of his of Wharton ; and, in 1709, he was sent life, he engaged in writing a tragedy on as viceroy to Ireland ; but the following the story of Mary, queen of Scots. His year he resigned all his employments. poems, speeches, and letters, with his life Being a zealous whig and firm supporter prefixed, were published in 1731, in two of the Hanoverian succession, he was volumes, octavo. favored by George I, who raised him to Wheat (triticum satirum). Among the the rank of marquis. He died in 1715. different kinds of grain which form the
Wharton, Philip, duke of, son of the principal nutriment of the civilized world, preceding, was born in 1699. He dis- and to the culture of which civilization played, when quite young, talents which is even attributed, by ancient and modern attracted notice; and, having been edu- writers, the first rank is universally concated under domestic tutors, at the age of ceded to wheat. It is now cultivated in fourteen he married clandestinely, to the almost all temperate climates, throughout great disappointment of his father, whose the greater part of Europe, in all the prov. death shortly after left him at liberty to inces of China, in Natolia, Syria, Persia, follow his own inclinations. In 1716, he and the other temperate parts of Asia, in set out on his travels, for the purpose of the north of Africa, and at the cape of finishing his studies at Geneva. But, dis- Good Hope, in the U. States, and even in gusted with the sober manners of that the extreme southern parts of South place, he left his governor there, and went America. The plant belongs to the famito Lyons, and afterwards to the court of ly of the grasses, like the other cerealia the Pretender at Avignon. That prince, The spikelets of the flowers are sessile, highly gratitied by his attentions, gave and disposed on two opposite sides of an him the title of duke of Northumber- axis, the whole forming a terminal spike land. About the end of 1716, he returned or ear, which, in one variety, is even to England, and thence proceeding to branched. The culture of wheat, from ireland, where he possessed a peerage, he time immemorial, and in different soils was allowed to take his seat in the Irish and climates, has produced numerous vahouse of peers. He then displayed the rieties, which, in some instances, bare veratility of his character by detending, even been mistaken for distinct species with all the powers of reasoning and elo- Winter wheat, sown in the spring, will quence, the established government; in ripen the following summer, though the consequence of which he obtained a produce of succeeding generatioas of dukedom. On attaining the age of ma- spring-sown wheat is found to ripen besjority, he made his appearance in the ter. White, red, awned and beardless English parliament, where he pursued a wheat change and run into each other in line of political conduct diametrically op- different soils and climates; and even the posite to that which he had lately exhib- Egyptian wheat is known to change into ited; distinguishing himself as the warm the single-spiked common plant. The defender of bishop Atterbury, impeached most permanent varieties are the red and as an adherent to the house of Stuart. white grained, and the spring whesi, which is generally red. Wheat succeeds After settling, the precipitate is repeatedbest when treated as a biennial, though it ly washed, and then put in square cakes does not remain above one year in the for drying. The straw of wheat, from ground. Provided the soil be well pre- dry, chalky lands, is manufactured into pared and dry, and the grain sown in hats. Leghorn hats are made from a time, the plants do not suffer from the bearded variety of wheat, not unlike rye, greatest cold, especially if the ground be raised on poor, sandy soils, on the banks covered with snow. Animal substances of the Arno, between Leghorn and Florare the best manure for wheat, as con- ence, expressly for this manufacture. It taining much gluten, a substance found does not grow above eighteen inches in in a greater proportion in this grain than length, is pulled green, and bleached,
like in any other; and next in importance is flax, on the gravelly bed of the river. The lime, as tending to the same effect by straws are not split, which renders the chemical combinations. Wheat yields a plait tougher and more durable. (See greater proportion of flour than any oth- Straw.) We are ignorant of the country er grain, and is also more nutritive. Glu- whence this valuable grain was first deten is so essential an ingredient in bread, rived ; but it was very early cultivated in that fermentation cannot go on without it; Sicily.—Spelt (T. spelta) appears to be hence its inferiority in wet seasons, and a distinct species, and more hardy than when the wheat is blighted or ill ripened; common wheat. It has a stout straw, aland hence the advantage of having a most solid, with strong spikes, and chaff stock of old grain. Wheat starch is made adhering firmly to the grain. The grain by steeping it, and afterwards beating it is light, yields but little flour, and makes in hempen bags. The mucilage, being but indifferent bread. It is raised in Switthus mixed with the water, produces the zerland, in elevated situations, where acetous fermentation, and the weak acid common wheat would not ripen; and also thus formed renders the mueillage white. in Bavaria and other parts of Germany.
Quantity and Destination of Wheat Flour exported from the U. States during ten Years,
from 1821 to October, 1831.
1821 131,035 551,396 156,888 94,541 1,175 71,958 26,572 9,0743123 10,357 1,056,119 1822 89,840 436,849 211,039 12,096 228 25,10421,375 976 3929 26,429 827,865 1823 29,681 442,468 198,256 4,252 51 62,387 4,752 2,088 903 11,864 756,702 1824 39,191 424,359 357,352 70,873 426 939 25,851 47,449 3883 6,439 996,792 1825 30,780 429,760 252,786 27,272 102 730 3,597 55,818 762315,438 813,906 1826 72,904 433,094 285,563 18,357 275 504 6,11927,7165403 7,885 857,820 1827 107,420 362,674 271,524 53,129 194,293 5,171 52,114 4909 7,238 865,491 1828 86,680 370,371 308,110 23,258 6,266 294 4,061 54,371 1737 5,662 860,809 1829 91,088 248,236 235,591 221,17617,464 509 3,779 14,959 221 4,362 837,385 1830 149,966 281,256 347,290 326,182 56,590 10,222 9,628 36,924 2609 5,2141,225,881 1831 150,645,371,876 319,616 879,43023,991 364 12,811 35,416/2751 8,305 1,805,205
The value of the wheat exported in 1831
was $523,270 ; of wheat flour, $9,938,458.
Imports of Foreign Wheat and Wheat
Flour into Great Britain in 1829 and
1830. Russia, 341,567 qrs. 235,108 qrs. Sweden,
425 Denmark,
88,103" Prussia, 353,958 519,573 Germany, 306,966 365,981 Netherlands,
144,5495 76,711 " France,
14,742 6 Spain,
qrs.
28,612 ** 6,931 "
7,2684 5,649
76,654 " . 113,818 " 184,100" Jersey, Guernsey, Alder
17,349 « ney, & Man,
British N. Amer
ican colonies, U. States,
Total imports, 1829, 1,676,077 qrs.; 1830, 1,675,430; 1831, 2,319,461.
WHEEL AND AXLE. (See Mechanics.)
WHEEL-WORK. When an end to be accomplished, in mechanics, cannot be at
tained with convenience by the simple called gear or gearing. The teeth of the wheel and axle (see Mechanics), it fre- wheel, instead of working in the leaves quently becomes necessary to transmit of a pinion, are sometimes made to act the effect of the power to the resistance, upon a form of wheel called a lantern, through a system of wheels and axles with cylindrical teeth or bars, called trunacting upon each other. As the wheel dles or spindles. Wheels are denominated and axle is only a modification of the le- spur, crown, or bevel-gear, according to ver, so a system of such machines, acting the direction or position of the teeth. If one upon another, is only another form the teeth are perpendicular to the axis of of the compound lever. In complex the wheel, and in the direction of its wheel-work, the power is applied to the radii, it is called a spur-wheel. If the teeth circumference of the first wheel, which are parallel to the axis of the wheel, and transmits its effect to the circumference therefore perpendicular to its plane, it is of the second wheel, which again trans, called a crown-wheel. Two spur-wheels, fers the effect to the circumference of the ora spur-wheel and pinion which work in second axle, which acis upon the circum- one another, are always in the same plane, ference of the third wheel, and this, in the and have their axes parallel ; but, when same way, transmits the effect to the cir- a spur and crown-wheel are in connexion, cumference of the third axle, and thus their planes and axes are at right angles. the transmission of the force is continued By this means, therefore, rotatory motion until it has arrived at the circumference may be transferred from a horizontal to a of the last axle, to which the weight or vertical plane, or vice versa. When the resistance is applied. In light work, teeth are oblique to the plane or axis. where the pressure on the machinery is wheel, it is called a bevelled roheel. In this not very considerable, the wheels and case, the surfaces on which the teeth are axles are allowed to work by the friction raised, are parts of the surfaces of two of their surfaces, which is increased by cones. The use of the bevelled wheels is cutting the wood so that the grains of the to produce a rotatory motion round one surfaces in contact shall run in opposite axis, by means of a rotatory motion round directions; also by gluing upon the sur- another which is oblique to it; and, pro faces of the wheels and axles buffed vided that the two axes are in the same leather. There are other ways of trans- plane, this may always be accomplished mitting the force of each axle to the cir- by two bevelled wheels. cumference of the succeeding wheel. A WHEELS, WHEEL CARRIAGES. (See very common method is, by ropes, straps, Locomotion.). bands, or belts, round the circumference WHEELS, WATER. (See Hydraulics.) of the wheel and axle, which act upon WHEELER, sir George, a learned traveleach other. The action is in this manner ler, was born in 1650, and, in 1667, became transmitted by the tension of the rope or a commoner of Lincoln hall, Oxford, on strap, and rendered effective by friction leaving which he travelled into Greece with the circumferences on which it is and Asia, in company with doctor Spon rolled. Wheels aud axles connected in of Lyons, their primary object being to this manner are called band-wheels. When copy inscriptions and describe antiquities. the wheel and axle from which it receives On his return, he presented to the univermotion, are intended to revolve in the sity of Oxford a valuable collection of same direction, the band is not crossed, Greek and Latin manuscripts. In 104. but simply passed round them in the he took orders, obtained a prebend in the shortest manner; but, when the wheel is church of Durham, and was presented to to revolve in a direction contrary to the the rich rectory of Houghton-le-Spring. revolution of the axle, the strap is crossed He was created doctor of divinity in 1702. between them. This latter method of and died in February, 1724. In 1682, he applying the strap, has the advantage of published an account of his journey into having more surface to act upon, and, Greece, in the company of doctor Spon, therefore, having more friction; but the in six books, folio, which is highly valued most usual way of transmitting the action for its authenticity and information, interof the axles to the succeeding wheels, is esting to the medallist, antiquary, and by means of teeth or cogs, raised on their student of natural history, surfaces. When this is the case, the cogs WHEELING, the county town of Ohio on the wheels are generally called teeth, and county, Virginia, is situated on a high, those on the surface of the axle are called gravelly, but alluvial bank of the Ohia a leaves. The axle itself, in this case, is called little above Wheeling creek ; lat. 40° 7X.; a pinion. The connexion of one toothed lon. 80° 42' W.; ninety-five miles below wheel with another, in this manner, is Pittsburgh. The town is surrounded by
hold and precipitous hills, containing in- them too mercifully; and duke Lauderexhaustible quantities of coal. These hills dale told king Charles, with an oath, that come in so near the river as to leave but the duke had been so civil to the whigs a small area for the town; and it is built because he was a whig himself in his principally on one street. The great na- heart. This made it a court word, and, tional road from Baltimore, called the in a little time, the friends and followers Cumberland road, meets the Ohio at this of the duke began to be called whigs; and place. Wheeling is the first town on the they, as the other party did by the word Ohio where certain embarkation in boats tory, took it freely enough to themselves." may be calculated on at low water. It has (Defoe's Review, vii.) Such was the a fine surrounding country, and the land origin of these celebrated party names, back of it, on the creek, is very fertile. which have continued, during the space These circumstances, united with its fa- of 150 years, to be borne by two great vorable position on the Ohio, give it ma- divisions of the English aristocracy, and ny advantages. It is a constant resort for which, at least at many periods, rather travellers, and seems likely to become one deserve the name of factions than of of the most important towns on the river. parties. But the origin of the parties It contains the county buildings, and a great themselves was much earlier, and the number of warehouses, has manufactures line of distinction was strongly drawn in of earthen ware, &c. Many flat and keel the reign of James I, when the long boats are built here, and, of late, steam- struggle between the crown and the parboats in considerable numbers. In 1828, liament commenced. The court and the population was stated, by Mr. Flint, country parties, the roundheads and carat 2500. In 1830, it was 5221, and is aliers, the commonwealth's men or repubrapidly increasing.
licans and the partisans of absolute WHERRY. (See Boat.)
power, naturally arose from the mixed Wher SLATE. (See Slate.)
character and undefined nature of the Whey. (See Milk.)
English constitution, and the peculiar WHIGS AND TORIES. We have already circumstances in which it was placed by given Defoe's account of the origin of the the arbitrary maxims and acts of the latter nickname, under the head Tories. Stuarts, and the growing wealth and in"As to the word whig," says the same telligence of the community. After the writer, "it is Scotch. The use of it be- dissolution of the monarchy, and its subgan then when the western men, called sequent restoration, a new feature apCameronians, took arms, frequently, for peared in the principles of its partisanstheir religion. Whig was a word used, the doctrine of passive obedience and in those parts, for a kind of liquor the indefeasible right, which may be considWestern Highlandmen used to drink, ered the true characteristic of the tory, at whose composition I do not remember,* one period of history. The bigotry and and so became common to the people tyranny of James II united all parties who drank it. It afterwards became a against him; and the 'glorious revolution' denomination of the poor, harassed peo- of 1688 was effected by the combined ple of that part of the country, who, efforts of the whole nation. "The whigs,' being unmercifully persecuted by the says Hume, " suitably to their ancient government against all law and justice, principles of liberty, which had led them thought they had a civil right to their to attempt the exclusion bill, easily agreed religious liberties, and therefore resisted to oppose a king whose conduct had justhe power of the prince (Charles II). tified whatever his worst enemies had They took arms about 168ì, being the prognosticated concerning his succession. famous insurrection of Bothwell bridge. The tories and the church party, finding The duke of Monmouth, then in favor their past services forgotten, their rights here, was sent against them by Charles, invaded, their religion threatened, agreed and defeated them. At his return, in- to drop, for the present, all overstrained stead of thanks for his good service, he doctrines of submission, and attend to the - found himself ill treated for having used great and powerful dictates of pature.
The nonconformists, dreading the caBurnet (Memoirs of his own Times) says, resses of known and inveterate enemies, that the word whiggam, used by the western deemed the offers of toleration more seScotchmen in driving their horses, was the origin cure from a prince educated in those prinof the term whig applied to them. Others, with ciples, and accustomed to that practice; Defoe, derive it from the Scotch word whig, or wigg, signifying whey. Jamieson (Dictionary of and thus all faction was, for a time, laid the Scotch Language) does not venture to decide. asleep in England; and rival parties, for
getting their animosity, had secretly con- of power and profit were in the hands of curred in a design of resisting their un- the whigs. Of these two parties, the happy and misguided sovereign." During tories and Jacobites were the most numethe reign of William (1688–1702), the rous. They included a certain number parties were not, therefore, so distinctly of the ancient nobility, and comprehended divided as they had been previously, and a very large proportion of the landed inhave been subsequently. The impeach- terest, and, what gave them a prodigious ment of Sacheverell (q. v.), during the influence in those days, a vast majority reign of queen Anne, again brought the of the parochial clergy. The strength of two theories of government, which formed the whigs lay in the great aristocracy, in the original distinction between the whigs the corporations, and in the trading and and tories, into collision, and, combined moneyed interests. The dissenters, who with some bed-chamber intrigues and held popery in abhorrence, and dreaded court quarrels, resulted in the appoint- the overbearing spirit of the church, were ment of a tory ministry, at the head of warmly attached to a government that which were "Bolingbroke and Oxford. protected their religious liberty, and, as On the accession of the house of Hano- far as it durst, extended to them every ver (1714), the scale was again changed, civil right. It has, perhaps, been fortuand the whole power was now thrown into nate in its results for England, that her the hands of the whigs. (See George I and church was for so many years in hostility II, and Walpole ; on the origin and early to her government. It was during this character and history of these parties, see temporary dissolution of the vaunted Rapin's Dissertation on the Whigs and alliance between church and state, that Tories, and Bolingbroke's Dissertation up- religious freedom, such as it exists among on Parties.) The following remarks from us, struck so deep and vigorous a root as to a celebrated whig journal (Edinburgh Re- withstand every subsequent effort to blightview, vol. xxxvii. p. 21—25) will show en or subvert it. It was during this period the state of parties at that critical period, that the annual indemnity bills were inand how little justice there is in the pre- troduced, which, though they have left the tensions of the whigs to liberal and popu- stigma, have taken from the test act its lar views of government. "The accession sting; and it was during the same period of the house of Hanover divided England that the toleration act received, in practice, into two parties, the whigs, or friends of that liberal interpretation which extends the new establishment, and the tories and its benefits to every possible sect of Jacobites, its secret or avowed opponents. Christians, the unhappy Catholics only The tories, bigoted to the notion of in- excepted.' This protracted struggle be defeasible right in the succession to the tween the adherents of the house of crown, but apprehensive for their religion Hanover and the partisans of the Stuarts, if a papist should mount the throne, were was not, however, unattended with disdistracted between their scruples about advantages. It confounded, for a time, the validity of a parliamentary settlement the ancient distinctions of whig and tory, and their fears lest, in subverting it, they which had turned on constitutional differmight restore, or pave the way for ences of real and eternal importance, and the restoration of the Catholic church. converted two political sects, or parties, Though deterred, by their religious fears, into two factions, contending for the from embarking decidedly in the cause crown. The tories, forced to remain in of the Pretender, they kept on terms with opposition to the government, learned to his friends, and were not unwilling to ape the language, and ended by adopting disturb, though they hesitated to overturn, many of the opinions, of their adversaries a government they disliked, because it The whigs, believing the preservation of was founded on principles they abhorred. their liberties depended on the mainteThe Jacobites, though most of them were nance of the parliamentary settlement of zealous members of the church of Eng. the crown, and finding themselves a miland, had a stronger infusion of bigotry nority in the country, were constrained to in their composition, and were ready to employ measures and sanction proceed. restore a popish family, and submit to a ings from which their ancestors would popish sovereign, rather than own a gov- have recoiled. To counteract the local ernment founded on a parliamentary title. influence of the gentry, they practised It was impossible that either tories or and encouraged corruption both within Jacobites should have the confidence of parliament and without, and thus turned the Hanoverian princes; and, therefore, against their enemies the weapon they while those divisions subsisted, all places had invented under the Stuarts. To


Moscow Jewish Film Festival · News · The MJFF is named "The cultural event of the year"
The MJFF is named "The cultural event of the year"
The Moscow Jewish Film Festival was named the "Cultural event of the year" by the Federation of Jewish Communities of Russia. "The Fiddler on the Roof" Award was established in 2002. Its symbol is a figure of a fiddler on the roof created by sculptor Frank Meisler as a symbol saying that despite any life circumstances a human must remain a "fiddler of the spirit", keep up and go on playing his violin. The annual ceremony takes place on the eve of Hanukkah, honoring people whose activity made a real and recognized contribution into development of the cultural and public life of the country.
The range of films presented at the Festival was highly diverse. They told about the Jewish culture, about life of people in diasporas and in the state of Israel, about family values, religion, literature. About horrible truth of Nazi crimes and complex history of the Jews in the 20th century. Film screenings took place at several cultural venues in Moscow: Jewish Museum and Tolerance Center, Documentary Film Center, GUM cinema. The Festival also incorporated educational program, that was helping the audience understand intricacies of the questions raised by the films. All the events of the Festival received a steady interest from the viewers. The Film Festival was indeed one to remember, it has found its audience, and its guests will be looking forward to attending the Festival next year.
It is a great honor for me to receive this Award on behalf of our entire team. "Cultural event of the year" is the awards category that honors collaboration the most, and this success would not have been possible without all the people that have created the Festival and stood at its very beginnings. First and foremost I want to thank Vanya Bouden, our program director, Rusina Lekukh, the Festival PR director, and Constantin Fam, the mastermind behind the idea of the Festival, our mentor and friend, and the recipient of this very award of the previous year, as well as our general partners - the FJCR, the Jewish Agency for Israel, and UJA-Federation of New York. Thank you so much for your trust. I want also to thank my mother and my wife for their boundless support.


Mr. Aniko and I have been watching a series on Netflix. It is marketed as a police procedural, but is more like a soap opera where romantic entanglements are replaced with murderous collusions. The first three seasons were a shifting kaleidoscope of primary suspects projected onto the backdrop of a platonic relationship between two homicide detectives. This isn't a "buddy cop" sort of gag reel, though, and the two detectives are sufficiently damaged people to make the shocking shift at the end of the third season acceptable, if not entirely believable. The flawed detectives became that which they spent the previous three seasons hunting: they are now killer and accomplice.
Okay. Here's where a mistake was made.
Netflix is beta testing adding previews/recaps to the start of new seasons of shows. We didn't want to risk the preview revealing a spoiler, so Mr. Aniko and I stopped it, and went to watch the first episode in season four. Or… more accurately, what we thought was the first episode.
I was impressed by the boldness of the season's beginning. The writer chose to omit the pivotal hours just after the detectives step outside of the law, instead choosing to drop the audience into the middle of an emotional quagmire, days after the germinating events. Visual media, and especially television, has a nasty habit of spoon-feeding viewers as if the audience possesses neither intelligence nor intuition. I was giddy to be watching a television series that was confident enough in the strength of the story and the emotional acumen of the audience to avoid spoon-feeding. My emotional investment was heightened because the storyteller gave me room to infer certain aspects of the drama from the psychological tone of the detectives. I LOVED it! I was especially blown away by the (apparent) symbolic mirroring provided by a character under suspicion for committing a different crime. This suspect suffers from amnesia, and cannot remember the traumatic events that make our damaged, nervous-breakdown-having-detectives think he's the murderer. The amnesia of that character mirrored the "amnesia" that I, the audience, had with regard to the detectives' early actions after committing their grisly crime. It felt like a clever hat-tip by the show's writer: I know and you know that something happened, and we both know it's that gap in your knowledge that intrigues and titillates.
In literature, I believe authors choose this technique for the exact reason that a trauma is less a part of any character's story than their response to that trauma. Minette Walters writes gritty, hyper-real mysteries, the hallmark of which is the omission of the primary trauma. Coy glimpses of the trauma leek through a character's faulty or obfuscated narrative, but the event itself is not recounted. The unseen carries psychological weight – and a great writer knows this. Walters's stories are the applied praxis of Hemingway's iceberg theory. In order for this to work, the writer MUST know exactly what happened in the trauma. Her knowing is what shapes a narrative that supports the reader in intuiting the untold truth. This technique can only be pulled off by a master. Walters is one, but so too is Shirley Jackson. It is an unwritten scene in Hangsaman that sets the trajectory for the rest of the novel, and it is breathtaking.
Remember that mistake I told you about? Well, the preview for the fourth season was actually integrated into the first show for the season. When we stopped the preview and went to what we thought was the first show, we actually jumped to the second show. We have since gone back and watched the first episode. Not surprisingly, we found it to be superfluous. Not only did it not give the audience anything other than details (which I intuited anyways based on the outcome), but it robbed the entire season of the psychological edginess it had when it left some things off screen. Where stories begin alters the emotional impact. Not everything needs to be shown, and in fact, not showing can be more powerful.
Very interesting! And your title, "Impact of the Unseen," is perfect.
"A Novella That Has No Name" would harken back to a horse with no name.
The last three lines are heartbreaking, aren't they? I love how poetry (and poetic lyrics) can distill an emotion into a sprinkling of words. It impresses this prose writer to no end!
This is how I felt about Mad Max: Fury Road. Miller created a rich world, and then only gave the audience the details they needed to follow the immediate story. He trusted the audience to infer the rest. I loved that movie so much. It changed my storytelling brain forever.
Your storytelling brain is highly evolved, Alex!
I too get giddy when I feel that an artist trusts his or her audience enough – has enough faith in their intelligence and intuition – not to spoonfeed them. Sometimes, what is left unsaid adds power to the narrative. Of course, knowing precisely how much to say is tricky, and as a writer this is something I struggle with!
Fascinating post as ever, Aniko!
You may struggle, but that is not apparent to the reader. 🙂 I do think that it is an art to discover how much narrative to leave unspoken. Sometimes the narrator's perspective imposes limits to what can be shown, but that's not quite the same as choosing to omit something the narrator *does* know. I appreciate writers (and screenwriters) who have the confidence to trust the strength of the details they include. It's far better than a timid writer who shows me every detail!


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Sci-tech >
Abandon ship! How technology is coming to the rescue of the cruise industry
By Denis Loctier •et; last updated: 24/06/2019
The cruise industry is booming, with more than 25 million passengers expected to be carried worldwide in 2019.
But with the increase in numbers comes an increase in risk.
When the Italian cruise ship Costa Concordia ran aground off Tuscany in January 2012, 32 people died in the resulting chaos.
Now technology is coming to the rescue.
Researchers and cruise companies are working together to test a wireless system – LYNCEUS - that is able to track and account for every passenger.
Antonis Kalis, Head of Research and Development at SignalGeneriX, told Futuris: "Various cruise companies already provide electronic tools for their passengers so that they can make purchases or access their cabins. So we can integrate our tracking device in a key card or in a bracelet."
To quickly find everyone, even in a crisis situation, the crew can use a wireless network that covers the entire ship and shows all the trackers on a computer screen.
Developers stress that this function will only be used in real emergencies, so everyone's privacy is safe.
Yiannis Panaretou, chief executive of OptionsNet IT Services, said the system would be invaluable to help locate missing people.
"The ship safety officer can see where the crew and passengers are located, and there's a way to focus on a single missing person — you can use a search panel to find exactly where that person is."
The developers say thousands of these devices are already being tested by major cruise companies, all of them at a fraction of the cost of GPS alternatives. They hope they will be certified for commercial use in the near future.
The system will also be able to trace passengers in a worst case scenario, where people are missing at sea.
Commercial vessel operators can integrate the LYNCEUS devices into life jackets.
In an emergency, rescuers will be able to use handheld antennas, or fly over the area with drones or helicopters, sending signals that the smart life jackets would automatically pick up.
This should help find victims as quickly as possible, before they succumb to hypothermia.
Angelos Ktoris, a naval architect and marine engineer at the Maritime Institute of the Eastern Mediterranean, said the device has a working range of up to one kilometre, even in stormy conditions.
The system was tested as a part of an international maritime search and rescue exercise in Cyprus - Argonaut 2019. The drill simulated a major humanitarian operation in the Mediterranean Sea.
"We are impressed by the results of the Lynceus2Market project. This system can really help search and rescue personnel operating at the scene when time is of the essence," Lieutenant Commander Andreas Charalambides, head of the Joint Rescue Coordination Centre in Cyprus, told Futuris.
Journalist name • Denis Loctier
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Flowcrete announces a new range of high performance resin flooring solutions for aquatic, leisure and recreation facilities. The Flowsports Aquatic collection is formulated to provide decorative, safe and reliable floors for areas such as internal and external pool concourses, walkways, amenities, change rooms and grandstand seating zones.
Flowsports Aquatic consists of five new floor finishes, providing a wide choice of options for the different areas within a leisure facility. These finishes meet the specific flooring criteria within swimming pool environments, such as waterproofing, withstanding exposure to large quantities of water, minimising slips and trips, preventing unhygienic conditions, and facilitating a fun, active, safe and healthy space.
Observing that aquatic centres face a number of flooring challenges, Flowcrete Australia's Managing Director, Sean Tinsley explains that the Flowsports Aquatic range will help developers, designers and managers of leisure facilities identify all the floors they need to fully optimise the swimming pool environment for the task at hand.
A decorative epoxy system that uses coloured quartz granules to create an attractive, durable and non-slip surface underfoot, Flowsports SRQ is ideal for internal applications including pool surrounds, walkways, change rooms and amenities.
The hybrid resin-based solution Flowsports SRQ PU is recommended for spaces that need the properties of Flowsports SRQ as well as additional moisture tolerance.
When time is short, Flowsports SRQ Rapide is the system to go for, as its methyl methacrylate (MMA) enhanced formulation means that it can be installed in a fraction of the time needed by alternative materials.
Flowsports ID for interior spaces and Flowsports ED for exterior areas are two low VOC, flexible, textured polyurethane based systems, available in a variety of solid colour finishes and providing enhanced protection against impacts, UV rays and chemicals.
The aesthetic, practical and application benefits of Flowsports SRQ Rapide made it the perfect choice for Sydney's Blacktown Aquatic Centre during a refurbishment project. The tiled floor in the change rooms, showers and toilet facilities had begun to show signs of wear and tear and needed to be brought back up to the elite swimming facility's high standards.
Flowsports SRQ Rapide was installed on an area measuring 350 square metres in a Blue Granite Blend to revitalise the floor. The fast curing nature of Flowsports SRQ Rapide combined with the fact that it could be applied on top of the existing tiles meant that the new floor was completed in only seven days.
Flowsports ED is a popular floor finish for aquatic centres that need a robust, reliable and safe surface able to withstand busy days and intensive use for an extended period of time. Both the Fairholme College Aquatic Centre in Toowooba, Queensland, and the Footscray Park Campus Aquatic & Fitness Centre in Victoria utilised Flowsports ED to create fit-for-purpose pool surrounds in contemporary shades of light grey.
These projects underlined the ease with which the Flowsports Aquatic range can incorporate drainage and be laid to falls to ensure that water splashing out of the pool quickly drains away. This is an important health and safety factor, as it prevents water ponding, slip hazards and bacterial growth.
Flowcrete Australia's aquatic flooring solutions are seamless, impervious and chemical resistant, enabling easy cleaning and standing up to the chemicals used to sanitise swimming pools.


Ranger Pilot Chris Blackie deploys the Bambi Bucket to begin work on a wildfire reported in Township 18 MD in Washington County.
Forest rangers and firefighters are battling a large brush fire in Washington County.
A large brush fire in Washington County had forest rangers and firefighters battling the blaze.
TOWNSHIP 18 MD, Maine — Forest rangers and firefighters battled a large brush fire — which they considered suspicious — in this Washington County township Wednesday.
Lt. Jeff Currier, a regional ranger with the Maine Forest Service, said crews were still working that fire, located just north of Columbia Falls near a former radar site, as of 7 p.m.
The fire was reported shortly after 11 a.m., had consumed about 75 acres by 1:15 p.m. and was actively spreading through grass, brush and immature softwood growth. Much of the land in that area is blueberry barrens and forest but there are seasonal cottages and harvester housing as well.
Kent Nelson, fire prevention specialist for the Maine Forest Service, said Wednesday afternoon that no buildings were immediately at risk.
Currier said four rangers, two forest service helicopters and local fire departments were on the scene.
"The winds are really not helping us," Currier said. "They are about 10 to 15 miles per hour, out of the southwest." Currier said there was a moderate chance of the fire continuing to spread.


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Navajo Joe
Director: Sergio Corbucci	Run Time: 93 min. Format: 35mm	Rating: PG13	Release Year: 1966
Starring: Aldo Sambrell, Burt Reynolds, Nicoletta Machiavelli
Nitehawk's November Country Brunchin' presents Navajo Joe featuring a live pre-show serenade by Lil' Mo and the Monicats.
It's becoming obvious that we love a little Burt Reynolds with our Country Brunchin. Mr. Reynolds has danced with prostitutes and had a nightmare of a vacation, but it's his turn as a vengeful Navajo Indian in Sergio Corbucci's spaghetti western, Navajo Joe, that really gets our ponies racing. After an outlaw heads up a bloody massacre of an Indian village, the sole survivor (Navajo Joe) steals a train full of money, makes bargains for killing, and has a shootout in an Indian cemetery to get revenge on his wife's death. It's beautiful, it's violent, it's the perfect Country Brunchin. Also, the soundtrack may sound familiar to those familiar with Tarantino's Kill Bill, another find-them-and-kill-them revenge adventure.
Lil' Mo and the Monicats: There may be bands like Monica Passin's long-thriving rockabilly outfit in a lot of cities, but hers, popular in NYC in various configurations for about two decades, has the benefit of her fetching, time-warp creating vocals—good for lilting jive, Buddy Holly-like original 'billy ballads, and blues, too—This latest [album, Whole Lotta Lovin'] features that typical Li'l Mo mix, and reminds us that when there was still a lot of straight country boogie in rock 'n' roll, the vocal demands and results were often considerable. And they still are, here. – Barry Mazor, Engine 145.


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HomeScienceHedgehog numbers 'down by half', warn wildlife groups
Hedgehog numbers 'down by half', warn wildlife groups
February 7, 2018Science110 viewsNo comment
Hedgehogs are continuing to decline in the UK, according to a new report.
Surveys by citizen scientists show hedgehog numbers have fallen by about 50% since the turn of the century.
Conservation groups say they are particularly concerned about the plight of the prickly creatures in rural areas.
Figures suggest the animals are disappearing more rapidly in the countryside, as hedgerows and field margins are lost to intensive farming.
But there are signs that populations in urban areas may be recovering.
David Wembridge, surveys officer for the conservation charity, People's Trust for Endangered Species (PTES), said two surveys of the number of hedgehogs in gardens and one of numbers killed on roads show an overall decline.
But he said there is "a glimmer of hope" that measures to create habitat for hedgehogs in urban areas are paying off.
"Numbers haven't recovered yet but in urban areas at least there's an indication that numbers appear to have levelled in the last four years," he said.
In rural areas, the number of hedgehogs killed on roads has fallen by between a third and a half across Great Britain, The State of Britain's Hedgehogs 2018 report found.
Emily Wilson, Hedgehog Officer for the campaign group, Hedgehog Street, said the apparent decline in the rural population of hedgehogs was "really concerning" .
The loss of hedges and copses to create larger fields has resulted in fewer nesting sites and less protection for hedgehogs, she said.
"This kind of barren one-crop landscape has removed the amount of area that hedgehogs can live in," said Ms Wilson. "The large-scale pesticide use has reduced the amount of food for them to eat – there are fewer invertebrates."
Rough estimates put the hedgehog population in England, Wales and Scotland at about one million, compared with three million in the 1950s.
The groups behind the report, the PTES and the British Hedgehog Preservation Society say farming communities can help to halt declines.
The village that made itself hedgehog friendly
Can you help save the hedgehog?
Airlines get tough on 'support pets'
Measures to reduce pressures on hedgehogs include providing more field margins, hedgerows and scrubby areas for the animals.
A trial putting wildflowers strips through the middle of fields to encourage insects that prey on crop pests, thereby reducing pesticide use, may also benefit wildlife such as hedgehogs.
And, with the UK leaving the European Union, ministers have indicated that a redesign of the subsidy system could see a shift away from payments for land owned to rewarding wildlife protection.
A Defra spokesperson said: "Hedgehogs are one of the UK's most treasured animals with an important role in our heritage and natural environment.
"We remain concerned about the decline in their population, and through our 25 Year Environment Plan we'll be creating or restoring 500,000 hectares of wildlife-rich habitat to provide benefits for species such as hedgehogs."
Householders are also being encouraged to help hedgehogs by putting out wet cat and dog food, leaving wild areas for them to nest and making holes in the fence to enable them to move from garden to garden.
UK 'could adopt' Norway bottle recycling system


Richard Sheridan who is running for mayor in Dallas, TX has been charged with vandalizing 2 gay landmark statues the Legacy of Love Monument (above) and the Cathedral of Hope last June.
The monuments,in the heart of Dallas' gayborhood, and the church — known as the world's largest LGBT congregation — were among 12 sites in the city there were vandalized with "the number of the beast" 666 spray-painted in red paint.
Sheridan is charged in only two of the incidents. A grand jury indicted Sheridan for a state jail felony, punishable by up to two years behind bars. If prosecutors treat the case as an anti-gay hate crime, the charges could be enhanced to a third-degree felony, punishable by up to 10 years in prison.


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CMC First in New England to Offer WATCHMAN Implant to Atrial Fibrillation Patients
Catholic Medical Center is the first hospital in New England to offer patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) an alternative to long-term warfarin medication with the newly FDA approved WATCHMAN Left Atrial Appendage Closure (LAAC) Implant.
CMC is the First Hospital in New England to offer an alternative to Long-Term Warfarin Medication with the newly approved WATCHMANTM LAAC Implant
For patients with AF who are considered suitable for warfarin by their physicians, but who have reason to seek a non-drug alternative, the WATCHMAN LAAC Implant is an implant alternative to reduce their risk of AF-related stroke. The WATCHMAN Implant closes off an area of the heart called the left atrial appendage (LAA) to keep harmful blood clots from entering the blood stream and potentially causing a stroke. By closing off the LAA, the risk of stroke may be reduced and, over time, patients may be able to stop taking warfarin.
People with atrial fibrillation have a five times greater risk of stroke.1 Atrial fibrillation can cause blood to pool and form clots in the LAA. For patients with non-valvular AF, the LAA is believed to be the source of the majority of stroke-causing blood clots.2 If a clot forms in the LAA, it can increase one's risk of having a stroke. Blood clots can break loose and travel in the blood stream to the brain, lungs, and other parts of the body.
This is a promising technology that has shown success in clinical trials," said Connor Haugh, MD, FACC, cardiologist, New England Heart & Vascular Institute at CMC. "We are delighted to be able to offer our suitable patients an FDA approved alternative to anticoagulation therapies."
Implanting the WATCHMAN Device is a one-time procedure that usually lasts about an hour. Following the procedure, patients typically need to stay in the hospital for 24 hours and continue taking an anticoagulant course for approximately six weeks. Before medications are discontinued, patients undergo a follow-up test to confirm that the LAA is closed.
About Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a heart condition where the upper chambers of the heart (atrium) beat too fast and with irregular rhythm (fibrillation). AF is the most common cardiac arrhythmia, currently affecting more than five million Americans.3 Twenty percent of all strokes occur in patients with AF, and AF-related strokes are more frequently fatal and disabling.4,5 The most common treatment to reduce stroke risk in patients with AF is blood-thinning warfarin medication. Despite its proven efficacy, long-term warfarin medication is not well-tolerated by some patients and carries a significant risk for bleeding complications. Nearly half of AF patients eligible for warfarin are currently untreated due to tolerance and adherence issues.6
1. Holmes DR, Seminars in Neurology 2010; 30:528–536
2. Blackshear J. and Odell J., Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 1996;61:755-759
3. Colilla et al., Am J Cardiol. 2013; 112:1142-1147
4. Hart RG, Halperin JL., Ann Intern Med. 1999; 131:688–695
5. McGrath ER, Neurology 2013; 81:825-832
6. Waldo, AL. JACC 2005; 46:1729-1736.