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A Peek Inside Her Agenda: Diarrha N'Diaye-Mbaye
Founder & CEO of Ami Colé
Dec. 13 2021, Published 9:37 a.m. ET
My skin, my body, and the sun are one. My skin is magic when I lean towards the light.
Yes, beauty is in the eye of the beholder. But, in order to understand the beholder's perspective, you must dismantle the eurocentric, colonialist, and blurred beliefs that uphold it. As a trailblazing beauty entrepreneur, Diarrha N'Diaye-Mbaye is committed to reconstructing society's misconceived perception of Black beauty with her brand, Ami Colé.
As a first-generation Senegalese-American, Diarrha N'Diaye is in tune with the power of her complexion. Traveling a dilapidated road of colorism, bullying, and skin-bleaching advertisements, previously convinced Diarrha that her deeply melanated reflection was less than beautiful. Determined to be what she didn't see, Diarrha built Ami Colé, a "better-for-you" beauty brand made to celebrate melanin-rich skin. Though her career has led her to work for powerhouse companies such as Rebecca Minkoff, VIBE Magazine, L'Oreal Paris, and Glossier, it is evident that no job is more fulfilling to Diarrha than aiding other women to embrace their natural-born beauty.
Her Agenda recently caught up with Diarrha about the reality of being a beauty entrepreneur, embracing her heritage, and the celebration of melanin.
Her Agenda: I want to start off by congratulating you because the Ami Colé Lash-Amplifying Mascara is now an InStyle 2021 beauty editors pick. Tell me how you've been soaking up these accomplishments and stellar reviews?
Diarrha N'Diaye-Mbaye: It's funny because I turn and put my head down to work every day. We are already working on 2022 releases and things are always so far ahead. It's always good to have these reminders that we are doing a good job and need to keep going. I saw that we were chosen two days ago and thought, 'Oh my god,' because I wasn't expecting that at all. I was so happy! In the moment, I try to praise God and just remember that it's worth it. That re-energizes me to keep going because the journey to success can be a very long road. These reviews and awards are a really good booster for those tough days which are every day.
Her Agenda: I recently listened to the Afrolit Podcast episode that you were featured on and heard you recall your upbringing with Senegalese parents. How did being a child of Senegalese immigrants affect your perspective on beauty?
Diarrha N'Diaye-Mbaye: First off, Senegalese culture is so funny because the more over the top, the better. The more gold bangles you stack on, the better. I grew up in a household with a lot of girls. Even when I went back home [to Senegal], most of my cousins were girls who were really excited about beauty and trends. I can't put my finger on how it really influenced me because it's so innate to me, literally all I knew growing up. But, I definitely see how it infiltrated through the way I talk about beauty, the way I experience beauty in my household and products, and eventually with my company. It's hard to explain but I'm very much unapologetically proud to show who I am.
Her Agenda: There are so many women with melanin-rich complexions, who are finally being celebrated in the beauty world, modeling world, etc. My mom looked at the Ami Colé website and said, 'Wow, I wish this was around when I was younger.' In a world where eurocentric beauty standards are basically unattainable by Black women, what was your journey like to feel comfortable in your skin?
Diarrha N'Diaye-Mbaye: Wow, your mom's words are exactly why we call it the celebration of melanin-rich skin. It was tough. For one, I have a very, very dark skin tone. Even amongst my peers growing up in Harlem, I was still the darkest in many scenarios. The darkest in the classroom, the darkest in the playground. Kids are very mean and back in the day, there was no celebration of African culture. It took me a long time to actually fall in love with my skin versus just accepting it. At one point I thought, 'Fine I'm dark skin, I'll just take it.' Then there was a slight pivot that happened as I began to see my mom, aunties, and cousins who were so fly. I thought 'Wow, I want to be like them.' When I was ten, my sister coached me through what beauty meant back home. And, I learned that the U.S. version of beauty was just here and that there is a big world out there that celebrates me. I started thinking big and when it came to those who couldn't see the beauty in my melanin, I thought, 'You guys are actually late to the trend.'
When I go back home, I'm celebrated for how dark I am. I remember one specific conversation with my father after being bullied at school. A boy said, 'I hope you know that you are ugly,' and I was like 'I do know that I am ugly, I'm owning it.' I jokingly told my dad that story and he was like, 'What are you talking about?' He literally explained where I come from and how rich my culture was. He told me what it meant to have dark skin in Senegal and the history that our skin carries. That perspective early on taught me that dark skin is beautiful and the eurocentric way of living is just an opinion on what is beautiful. It's a complex thing to explain to a seven-year-old who is starting first grade, but I'm very grateful that I had people who taught me that I am beautiful the way that I am.
Her Agenda: As a beauty entrepreneur, everyone sees that you get to sign your own paycheck and make the rules. But, what are the sides of your role as a CEO that people would be surprised about?
Diarrha N'Diaye-Mbaye: There's so many! I think people assume that I'm mood boarding, playing with products, and walking aisles of Sephora all day. That's really not the case. A lot of my life right now is waking up and deciding to grind it out. There are days when you are skipping meals, having back-to-back emails and phone calls and a lot of small fires that you have to put out. Twenty percent (and that's being gracious) is what I actually enjoy, like putting products together, testing them, building marketing stories, and focusing on our community, which has always been so dear to me. But, the other 80% of my time is trying to figure out what is the best decision to make. Like, making sure that we have products on time, ensuring the best quality for our customers, and figuring out how to grow our brand.
It's a lot of work. My Saturdays, Sundays, and nights are not off-limits. At the end of the day, you have to make the decisions, because if you don't, you create a chokehold where no one on the team can do their job. It's really tough sometimes being at the helm of it, especially as a solo founder. A lot of startups have dual founders to split the responsibilities, but I'm the one pitching investors, bringing in the money, and running the company at the same time. It's not as glamorous as people think. This idea of 'Oh, I can pay myself whatever I want,' is also not true. You have to responsibly pay yourself a salary that works for the entire team because you just have one pool of cash.
Her Agenda: I know that your mission with Ami Colé is to enhance one's beauty, not transform it. How exactly did you define the mission of your brand?
Diarrha N'Diaye-Mbaye: It's something that I needed to hear when I was younger. Even when I think about the aunties that I love so dearly, when it was time for an event, they would literally change their faces. They would come in with beautiful, dramatic makeup that displayed whole new eyebrows, new eye shapes, and sometimes, a whole new complexion. I didn't want that on my skin. I really enjoy being me and the quirks of my features. Not to mention, after two hours, you start thinking, 'I can't wait to take this off.' I wanted makeup that lived with you, bent with you, was flexible, and let you comfortably exist in the world. We have enough pressure as women to show up a certain way. We are all about formulas that really enhance your beauty as opposed to masking it. We want you to still see birthmarks and things that literally make your face special.
Her Agenda: Though the Ami Colé packaging is simplistic and products have clean ingredients, there are constant nods to Senegalese culture [with Baobab oil and the orange hints in the packaging] Was celebrating your culture always the mission with your brand?
Diarrha N'Diaye-Mbaye: Absolutely! That was the goal from the very beginning. The brand is named after my mother, Aminata. My mother has a hair salon in Harlem and it's been standing for about three decades now. My aunties are coming straight from Senegal and are just now learning English for the first time, in a brand new world. It's a very difficult transition for a lot of immigrants. For me, I'm Senegalese and wanted to share that with the world. When you think of West Africa or the diaspora, you always think of Nigeria or Ghana, but no one speaks of Senegal. It's such a special country. As soon as you land in Senegal, if you don't have a place to stay, you will by the end of the night. It's a very welcoming nation. Whether it's sharing a meal with a stranger, providing directions, or giving someone a cup of tea, you will find a friend very quickly. Senegal is a place that is thriving, very lively, colorful, and filled with people hustling back and forth.
I also understand makeup users and know that they don't want their products screaming at them. We kept the primary packaging for these products simple and timeless. Being able to marry those two feelings and emotions was very important for me, which you will feel everywhere within this brand.
Her Agenda: I know that one of your dreams is to make skin bleaching illegal, which I definitely hope happens. Are you able to share a message for women of color, specifically with darker complexions, who are still learning how to recognize their beauty?
Diarrha N'Diaye-Mbaye: It's so systematic and very much a mental thing. As much as we celebrate melanin-rich complexions, there's still a lot of work to be done back home. I don't even know if my brand would resonate back home because people desire that transformative look. A lot of people are turning to the West and looking at American pop culture, thinking this is the version of beauty that I need to attain. As a result, up to 60% of women in Senegal are still bleaching their skin and are starting as early as 11 years old. Then, when you are well into your adulthood and as you grow older, your skin health becomes terrible and you are prone to so many diseases and infections. Your skin's ability to heal is even compromised. It's very disturbing and it's trending even within my age group. You would think that it's an antiquated practice but it's still very much alive. At least 80% of the advertisements in between Senegalese television shows are about bleaching your skin; it's even on billboards in the nation.
My message may be an overplayed slogan, but Black is beautiful. There really is nothing like it. My skin, my body, and the sun are one. My skin is magic when I lean towards the light. I just wish that I could wave a wand and brainwash people back into loving themselves. You are literally beautiful as is. God made you unique in this way and it's a disservice to any creator above to want to look European or white.
[Editor's note: This interview has been edited for length and clarity.]
Saying Goodbye To Betty White: America's National Treasure


It's easy to find yourself off the beaten track and immersed in the surrounding nature on the North Island. Every day here dawns with fresh possibilities for those eager to explore the region on foot. Take it easy with short, scenic loop routes. Spend the day hiking there and back to a postcard picnic spot by lake, river or ocean. Or go long on overnight and multi-day backpacking treks into the heart of nature.
Casual hikers can map out the day's agenda over breakfast, then embark on a series of diverse trails. Many seaside communities are lined with wheelchair-accessible seawalls and boardwalks perfect for family outings and sunset strolls prior to an evening meal.
The San Josef Bay Trail (2.5 km), the Cape Scott Trail (16.8 km to Nels Bight), and the North Coast Trail (59 km) are all located on the northern tip of Vancouver Island within Cape Scott Provincial Park.
Walk woodland trails, traverse the boardwalk and keep an eye to the sky for bird-life in the Alert Bay Ecological Park. The trail system is suitable for hiking and/or mountain biking.
The Beautiful Bay Trail begins at the Bere Point Campground on Malcolm Island. This is a 10 km round trip out-and-back trail that winds along a ridge through stunning rainforest.
This area offers one of the best opportunities in Canada to view features typical of karst landforms. Stop at the feature sites, the Eternal Fountain and the Devil's bath to get a closer look at these formations.
Little Huson Cave Park features limestone and rock arch formations. View the spectacular cave formations by the lake or walk the trail to see the magnificent limestone arches and rock platforms.
Many people come to the north Island not so much as visitors, but as explorers. The road less travelled and the path less worn is an invitation to curious adventurers to unveil the rugged beauty that is revealed with each remarkable step. Rocky shorelines and sandy beaches, coastal rainforests and cliff side trails. One-way distances listed for these moderate and difficult routes.
All trail locations are marked on the Vancouver Island North Recreation Map.


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Apple's rumored MacBook Pros could get higher resolution screens, according to beta leak
September 24, 2021 by Sharon Ross
The latest macOS Monterey beta contains clues about the resolution of Apple's rumored 14- and 16-inch MacBook Pros, MacRumors reports. The seventh beta of the upcoming operating system contains references to "3456 x 2234 Retina" and "3024 x 1964 Retina," which are two resolutions not supported in any of Apple's current Macs.
MacRumors theorizes that the two new resolutions correspond to Apple's much rumored 14- and 16-inch MacBook Pros, which are widely expected to launch this year with new designs and a new Arm-based Apple processor called the M1X. For reference, the current 16-inch MacBook Pro has a resolution of 3072 x 1920, while the current 13-inch MacBook Pro's display sits at 2560 x 1600. If the new resolutions are accurate, both laptops should see an increase in pixel density as well as screen resolution.
As well as the improved screen resolutions, both laptops are rumored to feature a revived magnetic MagSafe laptop charger and the return of useful ports like an SD card slot and HDMI. The widely disliked OLED Touch Bar is also reportedly on the way out. The new laptops are expected to be announced at an Apple event this year, although an exact date is yet to be made public.
Categories Tech Post navigation
Apple update fixes Music bug affecting the iPhone 13 and new iPads
Dance+ Season 6: Badshah Promises to Fulfill Contestant Romsha Singh's Dream

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


WEST PALM BEACH — Court records in Florida say a man accused of driving 50 mph over the speed limit in a 2017 fatal hit-and-run crash has pleaded guilty.
The Palm Beach Post cited the records in a Monday report as saying 30-year-old Michael Junior Brown took a plea deal. He pleaded guilty Thursday to vehicular homicide and leaving the scene of the crash.
Investigators say Brown was driving a Hertz rental car 87 mph in a 35 mph zone when he hit and killed 32-year-old Ishmael Grandison Jr. in West Palm Beach.
According to the plea deal, Brown was sentenced to 10 years in prison and 10 years of probation with the chance for early termination after five years. It's unclear whether he has a lawyer who could comment.


Latin numbers are usually adjectives. When there are three forms, the Latin number has a masculine, feminine, and neuter form, in that order. The numbers follow the appropriate declension rules. Note that there is no singular form for most of the numbers and no plural form for the number 1.


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The Rise of Alternative Lending: Will It Cushion the Next Recession?
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CHINA-U.S. TRADE RELATIONS AT A TURNING POINT?
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BREAKING THE GLASS CEILING
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Riding the Bumps: Opportunities in the European Private Debt Market
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Trade, Regulations, and Investment: Navigating at the Speed of Light
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Cathleen E. McLaughlin
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Risk assessment is the most significant difference. Most emerging markets credits are of a lower risk profile, which is reflected by rating agency ratings.
Teri E. O'Brien
Every deal has a unique set of issues—regulatory, geographic, and political—but great deal structures still depend on having the right fundamentals.
Michael L. Fitzgerald
Michael Fitzgerald
In recent years Mexico has enjoyed the healthiest economy in Latin America, with a GDP growth rate higher than the U.S., a middle class that is developing at a historic rate, and a good degree of political stability.
In addition to massive investment expected to flow into the energy industry, the creation of the REIT structure in Mexico revolutionized real estate investment. Mexico has produced some of the world's largest real estate companies in just six years since REITs were introduced. Whether it be real estate, consumer goods for Mexico's burgeoning middle class, or the fast-growing aerospace and automotive industries, Mexico may now be the world's most attractive emerging market for international investment. Nevertheless, many economic challenges remain. Global uncertainties have led to plummeting oil prices, and many companies have been hit by the sharp devaluation in the Mexico peso versus the U.S. dollar. With both commodity prices and currency rates remaining volatile, Mexican companies, together with their advisors, must be ready to react to these rapidly changing circumstances.
Scott M. Flicker
Scott Flicker
The pace of Chinese outbound M&A is clearly accelerating, with the U.S. remaining the most stable and desired destination for Chinese companies looking to hedge against domestic asset devaluation and support business and technological growth.
Increased Chinese investment in U.S. industries that are seen as "sensitive" or "critical" has also resulted in an uptick in CFIUS reviews of Chinese deals, leading to greater focus by deal parties on how the CFIUS process affects their timing and outcomes. The more sophisticated the target, the more likely a CFIUS filing will be warranted and entail a lengthy and searching review. In some cases (such as Fairchild Semiconductor's recent rejection of a bid from China Resources Microelectronics and Hua Capital Management), U.S. firms are actually walking away from lucrative Chinese offers out of concern that the takeover might not survive CFIUS review.
To address these issues, Chinese investors are exploring non-U.S. companies with a strong tech or engineering base. But this has its limitations. First, the U.S. is still home to a substantial number of companies undertaking cutting-edge R&D in technology and related areas. Second, even acquiring a non-U.S.-based company can generate CFIUS risks if the acquisition has U.S. business operations. This was the reason why CNOOC's acquisition of Canadian company Nexen triggered a major CFIUS review—the target had operating assets in the Gulf of Mexico. Chinese outbound investors must be aware of the full range of potential CFIUS exposures in assessing potential deals.
Haiyan Tang
On the enforcement front, companies should expect the uptick of enforcement actions from the first half of 2016 to continue well into the second half of 2016 through 2017.
In contrast to being the subject of enforcement actions by government authorities, companies are encouraged to self-report potential FCPA issues. The FCPA Enforcement Plan and Guidance pilot program was announced by DOJ on April 5, 2016. This program intends to provide more clearly defined incentives to encourage self-disclosure of potential FCPA issues. On the flip side, the pilot program also includes fairly rigorous requirements on making the self-disclosures in order to receive cooperation credit. As such, the net effect of the pilot program remains to be seen.
Of the nine SEC cases against the healthcare industry from July 2015 to September 2016, seven were related to China. It is increasingly critical and resource intense for pharmaceutical companies operating in China to meet compliance requirements.
David N. Shine
David Shine
Consolidation in the U.S. healthcare/life sciences space has continued apace through most of 2016.
The first is uncertainty regarding antitrust regulation. In the U.S., the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is the regulatory agency that reviews healthcare and life sciences transactions. The FTC has been intensifying its scrutiny over the past couple of years and is unlikely to lighten its focus. The reasons for this increased scrutiny are: (1) political pressures to provide consumers with greater protection against price increases, (2) the fact that several seats on the FTC are unfilled and the current members are all more "hawkish" on enforcement, and (3) a general toughening of enforcement by the Department of Justice (the other antitrust regulatory agency) has upped the overall enforcement climate for the FTC.
The second is uncertainty regarding healthcare regulation. The Affordable Care Act (known informally as Obamacare) has been stumbling recently, with several big healthcare providers either leaving the regime or threatening to. As a result, there is a low rumble in Washington about the need to make changes to the Act. However, the nature and extent of any potential changes are unclear. The upcoming U.S. presidential campaign has inevitably created a period of uncertainty until the new administration is established and its policies and lead personnel are in place.
Samuel W. Cooper
S. Joy Dowdle
Boards are facing tremendous pressure from regulators to expand their involvement in corporate affairs.
Quite appropriately, boards may wish to enhance oversight, and should ensure that management has in fact identified the company's specific risk profile and undertaken thoughtful, responsive measures to address it. While doing so, however, board members should remain mindful that their role (and one that provides them substantial protection from personal liability under Delaware corporate law) is to oversee corporate affairs and not to manage them. Preserving this distinction allows boards and management to function in the areas where they are best suited, while maintaining the personal protection afforded directors in their oversight role.
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The iPad has just been put away and mummy is off to work - makes for a grumpy boy! He apparently had a fairly easily upset day too and not enough nap - poor love. Wonder if it's more teeth? Hope he and daddy have a nicer day tomorrow.


text:
Instituto Internacional > Noticias de cursos de inglés > Global IIE > Notes & News, Noticias del Instituto Internacional. Mayo de 2015
Posted: 6 mayo, 2015
Notes & News, Noticias del Instituto Internacional. Mayo de 2015
Para acceder al número de mayo de 2015 de Notes & News : N&N May 2015
From the President,
Dear Members of the International Institute Community,
The mounds of snow (at least, most of them) have finally melted in Boston, and Spring has arrived here at last. Spring traditionally brings the promise of new life, and so it is fitting to think about signs of 'new life' at the International Institute and about the promise inherent in the Institute itself.
The formal inauguration of the American Space Madrid at the International Institute on March 9, with the participation of James Costos, U.S. Ambassador to Spain and Andorra, hailed one source of new activity at Miguel Ángel, 8. In Madrid for the ceremony and inauguration week events, I found that this collaboration of the International Institute with the U.S. Embassy, Madrid, is adding new vitality to the Institute, even as it embodies the educational and cultural exchange between the U.S. and Spain at the core of the Institute's mission. The American Space, directed by Jean Choi, is already actively engaged in meeting principal goals of the worldwide American Spaces program: encouraging the teaching and learning of American English; advising Spaniards about study opportunities in the U.S.; cultural programming; promoting activities with alumni of State Department programs like the Fulbright Scholars; and offering general information about the United States. American Space funding is now supporting some of the Institute's most popular activities, such as the Library Storytelling morning sessions.
As the Board of Directors had hoped, the American Space is bringing new publics to the building. The capacity crowd in the Paraninfo that came to hear Ambassador Costos speak included many, including Spanish high school students, who had never visited the Institute before. The next day, I moderated a panel on "Women Changing the World: Lives in Science and Technology." This panel, organized by Prof. Martha Gray (MIT) and under her leadership, spoke to the presence of women in fields not often emphasized at the Institute in the past. Over 400 people came to Miguel Ángel, 8 for the science-engineering hackathon the ASM hosted with M+Visión, the MIT-Madrid consortium that Prof. Gray directs. On March 16, the American Space and the Institute joined EducationUSA in sponsoring a University Fair, where representatives of 20 American schools promoted higher education in the U.S. for Spaniards.
To support the increased emphasis on U.S. educational opportunities, the Institute's English Program, led by Patti Trimborn, is offering SAT preparation and TOEFL classes and has developed a new course in Study Skills for U.S. Universities. The Institute now provides college advising services to Spanish students who wish to apply to American colleges and universities.
The ASM has also added new touches to the Library, which now has additional American children's books as well as new tablets that can be borrowed by Library users. New activities like the Adult Readers' Theatre attract new users to our historic Library.
These developments are all aimed at making the Institute a vital place that continues to play a distinctive cultural and educational role in Madrid even as it adapts Institute founder Alice Gordon Gulick's 19th century vision to the realities of 21st century Spain. New approaches, new initiatives like the American Space Madrid, and new methods of fulfilling the Institute's mission of cultural and educational exchange are all necessary if the International Institute is to renew itself and enjoy the 'new life' of its own institutional Spring.
Margery Resnick
President, International Institute Foundation in Spain


text:
Cynthia koreana är en fjärilsart som beskrevs av Felix Bryk 1946. Cynthia koreana ingår i släktet Cynthia och familjen praktfjärilar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Praktfjärilar
koreana

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Use the ASIS&T 2010 Schedule Planner!
A Student Design Competition will be held during the course of the meeting and winners receive a free registration to the 2011 Annual Meeting!
New Leaders Award - Have you joined ASIS&T within the last 3 years and want to become a leader? Apply for this award and you may win free registration and travel to Pittsburgh!
To broaden the reach of your work, final accepted submissions will be available after the meeting in the ASIS&T Digital Library (ASIS&T Proceedings) and the ACM digital Library.


I guess this isn't a true macro photo. However, it is a close-up, so I'm taking the liberty to stretch the rules this week. I need something to keep my mind off of the things which are stressing me out. No, I'm not searching frantically for the best weight loss pills. I'm worried and concerned about my Hubs, who has a ruptured disc in his back. The pain is terrible and to the point he can't stand it anymore. He has an appointment with a specialist this morning, and I'm praying that this doctor will know what to do and will be able to do it very soon so Hubs can have some relief and actually sleep at night again.
Also, according to the weather forecast, we're supposed to have a lot of thunderstorms this week. This week, Thursday to be exact, marks the one-year anniversary of the tornado I was in last year. I'd rather not have thunderstorms this week... I'm just not up to it.
And I'm soooo with you about the thunderstorms. Just never am quite up for them!
Beautiful! I hope your hubs gets to feeling better soon! My dad fell Feb 1st and ruptured a couple of discs and as you know the doc just finally fixed them. He's feeling much better now and I hope your husband finds relief sooner!
It is beautiful macro shot. And it is pure white love it!
Lovely close-up shot. We too are supposed to be getting storms this week.
beautiful composition, Misty - thumbs up!!
Oh, Misty! First of all this photo is absolutely phenomenal!
Second, I'll be praying for your hubby. Back pain can be horrible. I hope that the specialist can do something in the office to bring comfort.
Third, I don't blame you one bit for being afraid of thunderstorms after last year's ordeal. Praying God keeps you safe, my friend!
Aw. We will be praying for your Hub's check up and I do hope it will turn out good. A beautiful flower shot you have there.
So sorry about your husband. Back pain from ruptured discs is excruciating. Hopefully, the specialist will get him in pronto to do something.


Anybody Used Monroe Struts on their TL?
Been thinking about replacing the struts on my 2000 TL for some time now especially since they have the original factory struts with over 270K on them. I know OEM Honda struts are damn near bullet proof and the original ones that are on the car aren't too bad. I'm not noticing an overly bouncy ride or bad tire wear but the fronts are squeaking badly when they bounce so I figured after all this time its probably best to replace the struts and mounts to keep my suspension in tip top shape.
I've been thinking about using Monroe struts since they're the easiest struts for me to get and are the lowest cost with a lifetime warranty, but before I pull the trigger I wanna know if any of you guys have experience using Monroe struts on your TL's or if I should spend more on KYB's or something? Or hell if it's even worth replacing the ancient OEM ones in the first place?
Monroe Sensa-Trac Struts any good?????
Quick Reply: Anybody Used Monroe Struts on their TL?


text:
Trun, commune française de l'Orne
 Trun, commune suisse du canton des Grisons
 Trun, ou Tran, ville bulgare

Voir aussi

Homonymie de toponyme


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Radcliffe Camera Tours
Located in the heart of Oxford, the Radcliffe Camera is one of the city's most recognizable and photographed landmarks, with its unusual shape and impressive dome. Completed in 1749, it was the first rotunda library in England, and today it is one of the main reading rooms of the Bodleian Library complex.
To view the interior of the Radcliffe Camera, book an extended Bodleian Library guided tour, which will also include the Divinity School, Convocation House, Chancellor's Court, Duke Humfrey's medieval library, and Gladstone Link. Many Oxford sightseeing tours, whether on foot or by bicycle, include a stop outside the Radcliffe Camera. Visit on a hop-on hop-off bus tour to see city sights at your leisure. Day trips from London and Brighton often feature a stop here as well.
The iconic building was funded by Dr. John Radcliffe and designed by James Gibbs. The exterior features three tiers of Headington stone and Burford limestone, surrounded by Corinthian columns. The building has two main reading rooms. In addition to the balconies of books that circle the walls of the library, there are over 600,000 books in rooms underneath Radcliffe Square.
Don't forget your camera to capture iconic views of the Radcliffe Camera exterior.
Photography is not permitted in working areas of the library.
Bags, including handbags, must be left in lockers during guided library tours.
Guided library tours are not wheelchair-accessible, as there are stairs involved.
Children under the age of 10 are not permitted on guided library tours.
The Radcliffe Camera is located in central Oxford, next to the Bodleian Library. The easiest access is from High Street, next to St. Mary's Church; from Brasenose College Lane; or from Catte Street. Oxford is easily accessible from London by train and bus.
The exterior of the Radcliffe Camera can be viewed at any time. Guided tours of the interior, as part of the extended Bodleian Library tour, are available on Wednesdays, Saturdays, and Sundays.
Where to Find the Best Views of the Radcliffe Camera
One of the best views of the Radcliffe Camera is from the top of St. Mary's Church Tower. There's an entrance fee and 127 steps to climb, but the views are unparalleled. Other areas to get good views include: on Catte Street in front of Hertford College, from St. Mary's Passage, from Brasenose Lane, and from the passage to the Bodleian Library.
Address: Radcliffe Square, Oxford OX1, England
30 Tours and Activities to Experience Radcliffe Camera
Oxford University Walking Tour With University Alumni Guide
Walk the halls of one of the world's oldest and most famous universities on this walking tour of Oxford University. Get a glimpse of student life as you peek inside the famous Bodleian Library and see landmarks like the University Church of St. Mary, Radcliffe Camera, and Trinity College. Learn about the prestigious university's famous alumni, hear fascinating stories and anecdotes about its history, and see on-campus locations used in the Harry Potter films.
Harry Potter Insights Oxford PUBLIC Tour with entry to Divinity School film site
Calling all fans of the world's favorite wizard, this Oxford walking tour takes you to recognizable locations of the Harry Potter films. During this family-friendly tour, explore the grand buildings of Oxford University, including New College and Divinity School—both featured as Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. Learn of other literary legends that attended Oxford University and admire the Bodleian Library, home to more than 11 million books. This small-group tour is limited to 15 Harry Potter fans to maintain an intimate atmosphere. If you prefer, choose the private tour of New College with just your party and guide.
Oxford City and University Walking Tour with Entry to Harry Potter Film Site
If you're interested in Oxford's rich history, look no further than this walking tour for a comprehensive overview of the historic city. In a small group limited to 15, visit Bodleian Library—home to 'Harry Potter' filming locations—and one other college, and learn about Oxford University alumni such as C.S. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkien. Plus, receive an ILoveOxford map showing all of the main sites.
'Inspector Morse,' 'Lewis,' and 'Endeavour' Walking Tour of Oxford
Follow in the footsteps of Inspector Morse, star of the British TV detective drama that was filmed on the streets of Oxford. With a guide, you'll see the eminent university city through the eyes of Morse and his sidekick Lewis, visiting filming sites such as pubs and even one of the university colleges. Along the way you'll learn all about the cast and crew who were involved in the much-loved productions of Inspector Morse, the Lewis spin-off series, and the Endeavour prequel—all filmed in the city.
Public Afternoon Christ Church Harry Potter Film Sites Tour
This is the essential tour for Harry Potter fans. Spend a day discovering the sites of Oxford associated with the Harry Potter movies. See Christ Church College which inspired the Great Hall of Hogwarts, and learn behind-the-scenes secrets about the Harry Potter actors, and J. K. Rowling.
Social Distancing Specialised Oxford University Walking Tour With Student Guides
Designed to see the best of Oxford in a safe environment with the smallest group sizing we have ever done. With this specialised tour we take important measure to protect your health, and those around you. All our Oxford University student guides wear medical masks. In addition to this, group sizing is inline with Social Distancing Rules (currently we have the smallest group sizing of any tour company in Oxford). Furthermore, all guides must submit their temperature before providing the tour. This tour has all the most famous sites in Oxford, with our unique guides providing a fun and entertaining insight into one of the most important cities in the world. See the world-famous sites such as the Bodleian Library and Christ Church – both of which were Harry Potter film sites! Get the inside story on Oxford ceremonies, student life, college rivalries and much, much more!
Oxford Christian History Tour
See a different side to popular Oxford during this comprehensive walking tour which provides a great introduction to the city itself, while also emphasizing the city's Christian legacy and history, something few travelers get to explore in depth. Listen to stories from your guide about the Oxford Martyrs, Queen Mary Tudor, and even Harry Potter, as you pass by significant buildings.
Private Oxford City & University Walking tour with Entry to Divinity School
Oxford is home to one of the world's most famous and prestigious colleges, and this private 2-hour walking tour unveils all the secrets of the university city. Marvel at landmarks including the Bodleian Library and Christchurch, peek inside Oxford University buildings like New College or the Divinity School; and follow in the footsteps of British legends such as J.R.R Tolkien, CS Lewis, King Henry VIII, and Harry Potter.
PRIVATE Harry Potter in Oxford tour -Includes entry to Divinity school film site
See two of the three Hogwarts filming locations in Oxford (access permitting) on this private Harry Potter tour. With a guide, you'll visit New College and the Divinity School at the Bodleian Library. Ponder how studying at Oxford University compares to being a student at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry, and learn a bit about Oxford's history as your guide tailors the tour to the interests of everyone in your group.
Oxford Combined Cycle Walking Tour- Saturdays Only Minimum 3 persons to book
Explore more of Oxford's University buildings, riverside parks, and picturesque countryside on this small-group half-day bike tour. Admire city landmarks such as the Bodleian Library and Christchurch; cycle along the scenic River Thames Path; and visit local villages such as Iffley, Binsey, and Old Marston.
Private Oxford Bicycle Tour - available to book daily
COVID19 NOTICE: Currently all university colleges are still closed to the public but you will see & hear lots about the colleges on the tour route. The best way to see Oxford is on a bicycle on this private bicycle tour along the River Thames Path. In fact, bikes are the locals' favourite way to get around the city as the compact Oxford is not very car-friendly. Default start time is 12.00 but you may request any start time from 12.00 until 14.30 start time. The tour lasts for 3-4 hours, including a guided tour plus bike set up time and a refreshments stop. The route covers both the city's sights and stories with a college entrance fee and a relaxing cycle along the River Thames to Iffley or Binsey Village.
Walking Tour Combined with River Punting Rowing (2 hours plus)
This fantastic combination tour allows you to see the highlights of Oxford from the land and the water on the same day. You'll save hours shortlisting the city's top sites by having a guide to show you around instead. The guided walking tour takes you past top city sites including Oxford University, Harry Potter filming locations, and Christ Church Meadow. A highlight of the tour is a boat trip, where you can choose to row yourself or have a chauffeur to punt for you.
2 hours to 2 hours&nbsp30 minutes
The Inklings Oxford Writers Tour
Explore the world of 'The Inklings'—the mid-20th-century writers' group that included C.S. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkien—on this private Oxford walk. Rather than researching locations yourself, let a guide show you where the writers worked and relaxed. Visit Exeter College where Tolkien studied; and see Lewis' Magdalen College and other sights while learning history and literary tales you'd otherwise miss. A choice of departure times gives you flexibility.
PRIVATE GROUP- Afternoon- Christchurch Harry Potter film sites tour
Find out how does studying at Oxford University compare with studying at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry? Find out on this 5 star rated popular walking tour about the making of Harry Potter in Oxford. Your ticket includes up to £15 in entry fee per person plus (where & when open), it also includes £2.50 entry to Divinity school film site at Bodleian library. We can only gain entry by pre-purchasing entry tickets online so please book this tour ahead in order to not be disappointed if no tickets left available. If we cannot get entry tickets, you'll be refunded in full. Fun tour for Muggles of all ages. Guide will cater the tour according to everyone's interests, introducing also Oxford heritage. See Christchurch film site. Christ Church Hall only closure dates 2020: Oct 4 + 9
PRIVATE GROUP- MORNING- Christchurch Harry Potter film sites tour
Covid19 Notice: Christchurch requires you to wear mask to enter & we can only enter with advance pre paid online entry tickets- which are limited- so please book ahead. If we cannot run the tour, you will be refunded or you may select to choose a rescheduled date. This tour also visits the Divinity school film site at the Bodleian library- as & when this secondary venue is open. Pre paid entry fee is included for all venues. Find out how does studying at Oxford University compare with studying at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry? Find out on this 5 star rated popular walking tour about the making of Harry Potter in Oxford. Your ticket includes up to £15 in entry fee per person. Fun tour for Muggles of all ages. Guide will cater the tour according to everyone's interests, introducing also Oxford heritage. See Christchurch film site. Christ Church Hall only closure dates 2020: Oct 4 + 9 NB all other film sites and university venues are closed to the public during Covid19
Oxford River Cruise + Walking Tour to Iffley village
Fall in love with Oxford by joining a relaxing 20 minute Thames river cruise to Iffley village. Then walk or take the cruise back again Thames path. We'll see the Norman chapel & medieval homes in Iffley village. Special focus on Alice in Wonderland heritage and the Oxford rowing tradition. This tour includes about 1 mile walk at start of tour past famous university sights introduced briefly by the guide. After the cruise ends, we have one hour in Iffley village and then a 3 mile walk along the scenic Thames river path back to Oxford city. For anyone who has mobility walking issues, please let us know when booking as alternatively we could just replace the walk back from Iffley with either a return trip on the river cruise or a taxi back to the city.
3-Hour Private Tour of Oxford With University Alumni Guide
Building upon the success of our 2-hour tour, this extended 3-hour version now includes entry into one of the oldest colleges at Oxford University. It also incorporates visiting the world-famous Bodleian Library, one of the best examples of Medieval architecture in Europe, and a Harry Potter film site. As always, this is done uniquely with our Oxford University student guides.
Oxford In A Day With Student Guide - Christ Church Optional
See Oxford in one day with this small group, sight-packed, full-day tour with an authentic Oxford student to give you the inside scoop, along with the little known facts and locations off the beaten path! See inside the oldest Colleges in Oxford, including the largest in Oxford - complete with its own deer park. Break for a pub lunch, before entering the most historic part of England's most iconic library, which makes a regular appearance in Hollywood films. For entrance into a famous Harry Potter college, upgrade to include a ticket for Christ Church.
Oxford Walking and Biking Tour
Discover Oxford's highlights on foot and two wheels on this walking and bicycle tour. Set out by foot to visit the Bodleian Library, Christ Church, and other colleges as you learn about their history and former luminaries. Then, ride a bike to see the Radcliffe Camera, Magdalen College, places linked to Oxford's literary heritage, and other sights. Includes entrance fees and bike usage for the rest of the day post-tour.
Spencer's Tour for Oxford (Private, all proceeds to Oxford charities)
100% of your booking fee will be donated to two Oxfordshire-based charities, supporting vulnerable individuals facing homelessness and addiction in the city. The city of Oxford is commonly considered as being divided into two groups: the Town (local residents) and the Gown (students of the University). While I am certainly a 'townie', both my girlfriend and sister are studying doctorates at the University of Oxford. This gives me a unique perspective on both sides of the community and the city, and I will share it with you in a tour so entertaining and memorable that you will wish you lived here, or your money back! We'll cover as much as we can in 90 minutes. If you wish to continue the tour, I'm happy to discuss extending it where possible. Please note that entry fees are not included, though they are not necessary for a fantastic tour.
Spencer's Early Morning Tour of Oxford (Private)
Are you an early bird? Do you like to explore new places early in the morning, before the mob have had their breakfast? Well, this is the tour for you. For this private tour, we'll meet at 07:30 and have the city entirely to ourselves. The city of Oxford is commonly considered as being divided into two groups: the Town (local residents) and the Gown (students of the University). While I am certainly a 'townie', both my girlfriend and sister are studying doctorates at the University of Oxford. This gives me a unique perspective on both sides of the community and the city, and I will share it with you in a tour so entertaining and memorable that you will wish you lived here - or your money back! We'll cover as much as we can in 90 minutes. If you wish to continue the tour, I'm happy to discuss extending it where possible. Please note that entry fees are not included, though they are not necessary for a fantastic tour.
What's the best way to experience Radcliffe Camera?
The best ways to experience Radcliffe Camera are:
See all Radcliffe Camera experiences on Viator.


T1 lines are bursting at the RJ-45 connector. Businesses are pushing more data than ever before through their constrained WAN connections. But how do you go ask to buy more bandwidth in these economic times? It's easy when you can get 2 T1 lines for the price of 1.
Whoa! Who is offering a two-for-one deal on business bandwidth?
Actually, lots of competitive carriers can do this for you. Think I'm kidding? Check T1 line prices now (below).
I will introduce a slight caveat. The pricing I'm referring to compares what you'll pay for a dual-bonded T1 line today versus what you paid for a T1 line on a contract signed several years ago in many metropolitan areas. That's not unreasonable, since professional bandwidth solutions such as T1 lines, DS3 connections, and Metro Ethernet are sold on a lease basis with 1 to 5 year contracts in locations where there are competing carriers.
Many, many companies have 3 year T1 line contracts expiring right now. What do you suppose they are going to do? Some may just ignore the fact that the contract is expired and keep paying the same invoice on a month to month basis. A lot of carriers will let you do that just like with cell phone contracts. Other companies will probably just renew their existing contracts for the same amount as before or with a slight discount. If you do either of these, you are leaving money on the table.
The fact is that the telecommunications market has gotten very competitive recently. There are more carriers interested in your business and there are more technology options than ever. But it's likely that you are aware of only a single option through your local telephone company or perhaps one other bid from a service provider with a local office. The larger the population center where you are located, the more service options there are. But these carriers don't have infinitely large sales staffs or advertising budgets, so you may not have been contacted by them.


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Гміна Ліскув () — сільська гміна у північно-західній Польщі. Належить до Каліського повіту Великопольського воєводства.

Станом на 31 грудня 2011 у гміні проживало 5401 особа.

Територія
Згідно з даними за 2007 рік площа гміни становила 75.83 км², у тому числі:
 орні землі: 84.00%
 ліси: 10.00%

Таким чином, площа гміни становить 6.54% площі повіту.

Населення
Станом на 31 грудня 2011:

Сусідні гміни
Гміна Ліскув межує з такими гмінами: Ґощанув, Кавенчин, Козьмінек, Гміна Цекув-Кольонія.

Примітки

Ліскув
Ліскув


Staff member of the month is Steve Kindberg. He is the Overnight Counselor at the North Main CR. Steve has proven himself to be a very dependable individual. Steve has never called off without giving ample notice of his absence. Throughout his 11 years working for STEL, Steve has exceeded our expectations of him. Steve closely monitors the CR throughout each night, he is aware of everything that occurs at the CR while he is working, and he always reports things that happen accurately to the next staff on duty. Steve has been very helpful in covering shifts when needed. He will also help other programs as well to cover overnight shifts. Steve is a valued employee here at the North Main CR. Thank you Steve and congratulations!


Replaceable jaw-face backing plates are provided to protect the machined jaw-face locations and the jaw-holder guard, provides protection for the jaw-holder bearing housing. Jaw-holder & Main Bearing Housings ... Single Toggle Jaw Crusher.indd 12 22/2/11 11:52:36 AM.
Toggle Plate Jaw Crusher . Description: Jaw crusher is one of the earliest crushing equipment. Because of its simple structure, reliable work, easy maintenance and repair, production costs less, so until now, it is still widely used in mineral processing, building materials, metallurgy, coal and other departments.
TST jaw crusher. Jaw crushers 2 FL's history with the design and manufacture of jaw crushers dates back more than 100 years with the ... maintenance than a typical breakable toggle plate 7. Spherical roller bearings use a multi-pass labyrinth and grease to minimize dust and dirt ingress. 1 7 6 5 4 3 2.
WEAR IN STONE CRUSHER PLATE R. R. Patil1, P.S.Desale2 ... There are two types of jaw crushers : single toggle and double toggle crushers ... The objective of this work, where wear was studied in a jaw crusher, is to implement a model to predict the geometry of a worn jaw crusher.
There are two main types of jaw crushers – single toggle and double toggle. McLanahan produces single toggle jaw crushers, which feature a pitman mounted on an eccentric shaft at the top. At the bottom of the assembly, the pitman is held in position by a toggle plate.
Crushing toggle plate Toggle plate is the most simple,low-cost and important part of jaw crusher,which supply the crush power. 1.The functions of Toggle plate.
Heavy duty crushing applications of hard-to-break, high Work Index rocks do prefer double-toggle jaw crushers as they are heavier in fabrication.
toggle plate on jaw crusher and causes; single toggle jaw crusher advantages; 2012 single toggle jaw crusher manufacturers; ... The hydraulic toggle plate was a big step towards improving the safety of operating a jaw crusher. Now ... How do jaw crushers work? – SIGMA PLANTFINDER BLOG.
Toggle Plate Jaw Crusher Machine With Hydraulic Overload Relief System. All Products. Jaw Crusher Machine (44) Impact Rock Crusher (29) Cone Crusher Machine (26) Hammer Mill Crusher (20) ... Very happy to work with ERUN, we are impressed for their professional job,thanks for cooperation!


text:
Reliable testing for THC impairment still a bridge too far
On behalf of The Law Offices of Anthony N. Palumbo | Nov 4, 2016 | Drunk Driving
As was noted in our last post, social attitudes toward marijuana use seem to be easing. Legal attitudes, however, are proving to be moving at a much slower pace. Still, there are signs of change even there.
Last month, a group of lawmakers from New Jersey went to Colorado to learn more about the affects to the state from legalizing marijuana. Not only is medical marijuana use OK there, but recreational use is now legal, too. Could recreational use win approval in The Garden State?
Gov. Chris Christie says it won't happen on his watch. And there are many who share his concern about the implications of legalization in terms of impaired driving. Even as moves toward relaxing marijuana laws generally increase, critics are pushing new laws to crack down on driving under the influence of drugs.
While such reactions are understandable, some say there's reason to be cautious about moving too fast. The laws in question would criminalize impairment due to THC, the psychoactive ingredient in marijuana. The trouble is that the association between marijuana impairment and accidents isn't as well accepted legally as it is in cases where blood alcohol levels are shown to be over the legal limit.
Additionally, no one is sure how much THC needs to be in evidence in a suspect's system to indicate impairment. Current testing may indicate the presence of THC, but science can't say whether that logically means impairment. THC also can remain in the system long after possible impairment has passed.
Considering that courts have been known to entertain challenges to alcohol DUI cases based on the way a defendant's metabolism handles alcohol, it seems safe to say that instituting a bright-line test at this point for marijuana would be problematic.


The Battle of Loos-en-Gohelle was held from 25 September to 19 October 1915. This brochure was produced to mark the centenary of the battle.
After the great French offensive in May 1915 on the Artois front including allowing French to take the hill of Notre-Dame-de-Lorette, General Joffre is planning a new offensive for fall 1915, with the objective of attacking simultaneously in Champagne and Artois.
The "Battle of Loos" is the work of the forces of the British Empire in the mining region in support of the French army present on Souchez and Vimy Ridge. The front line around 15 km stretches from La Bassée in Lens through the towns of Auchy-les-Mines, Haisnes, Vermelles, Hulluch and Loos-en-Gohelle. The plot of the plain of the Gohelle is rather unfavorable to the British Army under the German positions such as "Hohenzollern Redoubt" in Auchy, the pit and heap # 15 in Loos-en-Gohelle or the " Hill 70 'which closes access to Lens southeast of Loos.
Douglas Haig, commander of the 1st British Army mobilizes six divisions.However, the troops are exhausted by the fighting of previous months, two of the divisions involved are composed of inexperienced young volunteers and ammunition missing.
Gohelle from September 25, the results are meager; the attack on the "Hohenzollern Redoubt" October 13 is a failure.
Even today, the "battle of Loos' remains marked by a heavy human toll and violence of the fighting. Of more than 8500 British soldiers killed on the first day of the battle, only 2000 have a known grave.


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FEW POLITICAL FIGURES still at Harvard have been the subject of as much fruitless controversy as Samuel P. Huntington. Accusing him of complicity in the U.S. war effort, Huntington's critics, here and elsewhere, suggest that he has supported or furthered American military policy in Vietnam. With equal venom, Huntington has responded that he could never have been involved in such nasty activity, and has impugned the sincerity of his critics. Others, taking a more detached view, suggest that Huntington's role will not be evident until the full written record of the war is available, but even the record will not solve much if the assumptions of the present debate are not discarded.
More specifically, Huntington has frequently been identified with the "urbanization" strategy of the U.S. Air Force, a strategy which has wrought unspeakable devastation in the South Vietnamese countryside. Bluntly put, the "rationale" of urbanization has been to saturate the rural areas of the South with bombs, causing large numbers of surviving civilians to flee from areas under NLF control. Crowded into teeming, poverty-striken refugee camps outside South Vietnam's cities, growing numbers of the South Vietnamese people have fallen under the political and military control of the Saigon regime.
In an absent-minded way the United States in Viet Nam may well have stumbled upon the answer to "wars of national liberation." The effective response lies neither in the quest for conventional military victory nor in the esoteric doctrines and gimmicks of counter-insurgency warfare. It is instead forced-draft urbanization and modernization which rapidly brings the country in question out of the phase in which a rural revolutionary movement can hope to generate sufficient strength to come to power.
IT IS this and other similar passages from the article which Huntington's detractors point to as evidence that he had earlier suggested that urbanization be made official policy. But such statements do not prove involvement in the creation of that policy, nor do they even demonstrate that the author honestly means what he says. And what is new in Huntington's Foreign Affairs article is not its analysis of why this particular policy has succeeded, but the blatency and cold-bloodedness of the language he uses to describe urbanization itself.
Strangely enough, Huntington concludes that military strength alone will not be able to spread Saigon's control to all areas of the country. That, he says, "would require a much larger and more intense military and pacification effort than is currently contemplated by Saigon and Washington." The rest of the article then argues for some form of political cooperation between the Thieu regime and the NLF, which Huntington suggests can best be achieved initially on a local level. "Such a system might be labeled federal, confederal, pluralistic, decentralized--but whatever the label, it would reflect the varied sources of political power. In the recognition of the acceptance of that diversity lies the hope for political stability in Viet Nam."
Huntington's argument for political "accommodation," for prodding the Saigon regime into recognizing the NLF as a legitimate political force in South Vietnam, logically contradicts his praise of urbanization. For if Huntington believed urbanization could be effective, he would simply have argued for "a much larger and more intense military and pacification effort" instead of dismissing it as beyond Washington's capability. In fact, a number of government officials who are familiar with Huntington's work have suggested privately that his accolade of the urbanization program was probably a tactical ploy designed to interest "hard-headed" Washington officials in his substantive policy recommendation for a political accord in the South.
IT MAY interest Huntington's detractors at Harvard to learn that he is considered, by Washington's standards, "dovish" or "soft" on Vietnam. This does not mean that he favors either total or unilateral withdrawal from the war; in fact, Huntington consistently argues that, as he put it in a subsequent study, "much of our grief in Vietnam has come as a result of our not becoming deeply enough involved in Vietnamese politics," whereas the crucial assumption of a unilateral withdrawal policy is that Washington must renounce any role in the internal political life of the Vietnamese. At the same time, Huntington's government activity is of some concern not so much because of what he recommends as in the lengths to which he is willing to go to insure that be an "effective" internal critic of official policy.
It may seem a harmless temptation for "relevance"-oriented academics to become "insiders" or government policy-makers as well; when they do so, however, they invariably "toughen" their language and couch their ideas and recommendations in more "hard-headed" terms than they might otherwise use. As anyone who has observed U.S. policymaking knows, there is an atmosphere of bureaucratic machismo which infects decision-making and obliges everyone involved, full-time officials as well as academic consultants, to talk much more brutishly than they would in private. Not only does the government lie as a corporate unit, but each official likewise conceals his innermost thoughts and feelings from everyone else in order to be most "effective" at the right moment. For this reason, not even so extensive a collection of documents as the Pentagon Papers can adequately get at what particular officials were thinking and why they behaved as they did.
None of this should be misconstrued to mean that Huntington has courageously shed his liberal mettle to fight "our" battle against the war on the inside Washington track. The use of phony arguments for opportunistic purposes is no defense of character; when successful, it leads to even greater breaches of principle to achieve further ends. The difference between a purely academic and a Washington-oriented liberal may seem only stylistic, but it is huge; Huntington clearly falls into the second category. If he succeeds in getting into government, he will doubtless become immersed in the bureaucratic propaganda and self-sustaining rationales that he willingly uttered to gain entree. It is instructive to remember that Henry Kissinger was known as a strong Vietnam dove in his final years at Harvard, and even he never saw fit to imply praise for the mass killing and forced migration of Vietnamese civilians as Huntington does in Foreign Affairs.
Nor do men who aspire to service in government free themselves from such calculated behavior when they are outside Washington, because, in most cases, they are quite eager to return as soon as possible. When Huntington wrote his Foreign Affairs article, he had not given up hope of ever working for the government again, and he was conscious of maintaining his "credibility" in Washington. Thus it was necessary for him to discuss urbanization in ugly, callous terms. And whether he "meant" it or not, the language he used cannot by any measure be described as humane or civilized.
TO STATE the matter another way, the standards of teaching and of government service in the Washington of the 1970's are really quite antithetical. Without a fundamental overhaul in the way officials debate issues and make decisions, while those in government are obliged to lie and distort to each other as frequently as their government lies and distorts to its public, scholars entering government will continue to make real compromises on principle if their work has not already departed from the norms of academic interchange. And as in the case of Huntington's discussion of urbanization, their published writings will inevitably sour the level of public discourse, and contribute to the destruction of linguistic and intellectual standards. The issue of the academic in government is a complex and subtle one; but there is a point where the two principles conflict, and no individual can be faithful to both if he performs one of them well.


text:
Silicon Press
Vintage maps, illustrations, books and magazines
Random finds
December 11, 2019 June 7, 2018
Sometimes I buy a box of ephemera/old magazines, put it away on the shelf to be sorted, and when I finally get around to looking through the box, stumble across some rather nice, but random (in the context of the other content) finds.
I had purchased about six months ago, five boxes of maps and prints, which seemed to be from mainly German encylopedias, from a local antique shop. Amongst them, I found three old photographs of Venice, a leaflet advertising a trans-Atlantic cruise on the Oropesa, and a souvenir print of the first communion (1884) of Valentine Meister.
The three photographs of Venice aren't really that unusual, as they seem to be postcard style. Photographs 2 and 3 are of the Doge's Palace, one from the front, the other in the courtyard. Finding corresponding modern images on Google wasn't too difficult, as I had an inkling about the building pictured. The first image however, with the coffee shop on the right, seems to be a little more unusual, as it is shot the 'wrong' way down the Grand Canal. At first I though it was a different view of the Doge's Palace, but the spires didn't match. So I started a search on Google Earth using the palace as the starting point, which quickly lead me to the Royal Gardens, and the spot that the photographer must have been standing, in order to take the picture of the Santa Maria della Salute. What pique's the interest however, is the coffee shop – how long was it there and when did it close?
The cruise leaflet/brochure was even more interesting, although in quite poor condition, with a large tear along the centrefold to halfway. It describes the upcoming cruise from Cuba to England, stopping at Bermuda and France. The cruise ship is called the Oropesa from the Pacific Steam Navigation Company, and the leaflet is dated 5th April 1938. Some of the details such as the departure date and eventual destination have been changed, one would assume prior to sailing?
According to Wikipedia this was the second ship to carry the Oropesa name, and it was requisitioned in 1939 as a troop ship, before being sunk in 1941, which makes this one of the last commercial voyages?
And finally a 'souvenir' print celebrating the First Communion of Valentine Meister, who having been baptised on the 20th June 1871, received her? First Communion on 30th March 1884 in Steige? There is a space for the data of confirmation, but this is blank.
Whilst researching the name and place on this print, I discovered that a Joseph Meister of Steige, was the first person to be vaccinated, for rabies, by Louis Pasteur. The wikipedia entry for Joseph Meister states that he had three older sisters – is this one of them?
https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Meister&prev=search
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Series Two of Hulme's Familiar Wild Flowers
1909 Baedeker USA handbook for travellers
Series One of Hulme's Familiar Wild Flowers
Maps and Illustrations from A General View of the World 1807
Illustrated National Family Bible c1885
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text:
milestones project
varieties of data visualization
(de) (Colmar) returned 24 hits
Sort results by: date | relevance
1879 to 1899 Album de Statistique Graphique
Authors: Émile Cheysson (1836-1910) & Ministere de Travaux Publics (1830-1870)
Album de Statistique Graphique, an annual series over 20 years, using all known graphic forms (map-based pies and stars, mosaic, line graphs, bar charts, and, of course, numerous flow maps) to depict data relevant to planning (railways, canals, ports, tramways, etc.) [This series, under the direction of Émile Cheysson, is regarded as the epitome of the "Golden Age of Statistical Graphics'']
Category: Statistics & Graphics
1782 Geometric proportional figures
Author: Charles de Fourcroy (1766-c.1810)
Use of geometric, proportional figures (squares) to compare demographic quantities by superposition, an early "tableau graphique''
1671 Mortality table
Author: Jan de Witt (1625-1672)
First attempt to determine scientifically what should be the purchase price of annuities, using mortality tables
1733 Normal distribution
Author: Abraham de Moivre (1667-1754)
The normal distribution, derived as the limit of the binomial distribution
1919 Ethnographic maps used at Paris Peace Conference
Author: Emmanuel de Martonne (1873-1955)
Use of ethnographic maps, showing the distribution of mixed nationalities, played an important role in redrawing national boundaries of Central Europe and the Balkans following World War I
Category: Cartography
1637 Coordinate system
Authors: René Descartes (1596-1650) & Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665)
Coordinate system reintroduced in mathematics, analytic geometry; relationship established between graphed line and equation
1830 1st dot map of population
Author: Armand Joseph Frere de Montizon (1788-)
First simple dot map of population by department, 1 dot = 10,000 people
1810 Central Limit Theorem
Author: Pierre-Simon, Marquis de Laplace (1749-1827)
The central limit theorem explains why many distributions tend to be close to the normal distribution. The key ingredient is that the random variable being observed should be the sum or mean of many independent identically distributed random variables.
1562 Computation of probabilities
Author: Gerolamo Cardano (1501-1576)
Liber de Ludo Alaea, a practical guide to gambling, containing the first systematic computation of probabilities; written in 1562, but not published until 1663.
1752 Notation for 3D space
Author: Leonhard Euler (1707-1783)
Introduction of a notation which gives a name and address to every possible point in 3D space, $(x,y,z)$.
1776 Descriptive geometry
Authors: Gaspard Monge Comte de Péluse (1746-1818)
Development of descriptive geometry, that leads to engineering drawing
1654 Theory of probability
Authors: Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665) & Blaise Pascal (1623-1662)
Initial statements of the theory of probability
1657 1st text on probability
Author: Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695)
First text on probability
1450 Graphs of theoretical relation
Author: Nicolas of Cusa (1401-1464)
Graphs of distance vs. speed, presumably of the theoretical relation
1817 1st graph of isotherms
Author: Alexander von Humboldt (1769-1859)
First graph of isotherms, showing mean temperature around the world by latitude and longitude. Recognizing that temperature depends more on latitude and altitude, a subscripted graph shows the direct relation of temperature on these two variables
1752 Contour map
Author: Phillippe Buache (1700-1733)
Contour map
1375 Catalan Atlas
Author: Abraham Cresques (1325-1387)
Catalan Atlas, an exquisitely beautiful visual cosmography, perpetual calendar, and thematic representation of the known world
1570 1st modern atlas
Author: Abraham Ortelius (1527-1598)
The first modern atlas, Teatrum Orbis Terrarum
1827 1st photograph
Author: Joseph Nicephore Niepce (1765-1833)
First successful photograph produced (an 8-hour exposure). [A type of asphalt (bitumen of Judea) was coated on metal plates. After exposure it was washed in solvents, the light areas were shown by the bitumen, dark areas by bare metal. Exposed to iodine, the plate darkened in the shadowed areas.]
1839 Logistic curve
Authors: Pierre-François Verhulst (1804-1849)
Development of the logistic curve, $ y = k / (1 + C e^{rt})$, to describe the growth of human populations
1874 Statistical contour map
Authors: Louis-Léger Vauthier (1815-1881)
Population contour map (population density shown by contours), the first statistical use of a contour map
1883 to 1885 Multi-function nomograms
Author: Charles Lallemand (1857-1938)
Combination of many variables into multi-function nomograms, using 3D, juxtaposition of maps, parallel coordinate and hexagonal grids (L'Abaque Triomphe)
1967 Theory of graphic symbols
Author: Jacques Bertin (1918-2010)
Comprehensive theory of graphical symbols and modes of graphics representation
1873 Semi-graphic table
Author: Toussaint Loua (1824-1907)
First-known use of a semi-graphic table to display a data table by shading levels
This web version is dedicated to Arthur H. Robinson (1915-2004), who inspired and encouraged our interest; to Antoine de Falguerolles, who initiated it, and to les Chevaliers des Album de Statistique Graphique, who supported it with interest, enthusiasm, and resources. In particular, Gilles Palsky, Antoine de Falguerolles, Antony Unwin and Ruddy Ostermann contributed important images and background information. This work is supported by the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Grant OGP0138748.
Citations: References to information or images obtained from this web site should be cited as follows:
Friendly, M. & Denis, D. J. (2001). Milestones in the history of thematic cartography, statistical graphics, and data visualization. Web document, http://www.datavis.ca/milestones/. Accessed:
Copyright © 2001-2018 Michael Friendly