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Q: What is the best way to store a single counter persistently? I have a simple bash script that increments a counter a few times per second, guaranteed less than 100 times per second. The script works fine, but I would like the counter to persist on machine crashes.
What would be the best way to persist the counter on my SSD-only system? Should I just echo it out to /var/<app>/ somewhere (i.e. store in a file) each time it updates? If so, is /var/<app>/ the right place? Do I need to install a full database to keep track of this single value? Is there some cute little Linux feature built to do this effectively?
To clarify, my problem isn't making sure that the counter is persistent between separate runs of the script, I have that solved already. My concern is in case the system unexpectedly and suddenly fails due to machine crash (I can therefore not rely on a trap in a shell script).

A: Have you considered simply storing the value in a file? A file, for this purpose, can replace a database. I am however concerned of reading a file 100 times per second and the race conditions for your script. But you can use the following:
Run 1:
var=2
echo $var > foo.txt

Run 2:
var=$(head -n 1 foo.txt)
echo $var    # 2

You can also use sed to do more complex processing. Furthermore, if your script is sequential, you can simply append to file using >> and read the last line each run (using tail) to combat locking. But I believe a better design would be to maybe run your script in a for loop rather than calling the script 100 times (if possible).

A: I would suggest store it in a variable and write it to file in specific occasions (like EXIT, TERM). you can use trap to run commands based on the signals received by the process.
example at trap command

A: The best way is storing the counters last value in a file in specific occasions like on EXIT. This is simpler than trying to use builtin options You would then include the path to the file in your script, get value and resume when the script restarts.
you can use trap to run commands based on the signals received by the process.


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Home → Projects → Review of the occurrence, isolation, structure elucidation, synthesis, pharmacological activities and analytical methods of homoisoflavonoids.
Review of the occurrence, isolation, structure elucidation, synthesis, pharmacological activities and analytical methods of homoisoflavonoids.
Flavonoids are an important class of natural products that occur in plants, and microorganisms. Humans do not biosynthesize these and therefore they must acquire them as food. The basic flavonoid skeleton contains 15 carbons. Homoisoflavonoids are a small group of naturally occurring compounds which are characterized by a basic skeleton containing 16 carbons. My research group in the University of Botswana was very active in this area and had distinguished itself by identifying and characterizing a large number of this class of compounds.
The first preliminary survey on the subject of homoisoflavonoids was published in 1981 and contained all the known members which were only 20. In 2007 we published the first comprehensive review under the title: Naturally occurring homoisoflavonoids: Phytochemistry, biological activities and synthesis. The review covered the phytochemical, biological properties, and synthesis of naturally occurring homoisoflavonoids. The review covered three aspects of these important compounds. The first was to properly classify and document that various structural types of homoisoflavonoids including their plant sources and properties. The second section reviewed the reported synthetic methodologies toprepare these compounds in the laboratory. The discussion included the strategy for synthesis,the yields of final products and their biological activity. It was found that homoisoflavonoids possess a wide range of biological activities, including, antimicrobial, antimutagenic, anti–inflammatory and antidiabetic properties.The third section of the review included discussion on analytical methods for the determinationof these important metabolites.
An understanding with the Editor-in-Chief and publisher of Natural Products Communications has been reached to publish a second comprehensive review covering the literature since the first review in 2007. A preliminary survey indicates that more papers have been published on the subject during the last ten years than during the 30 years since the first homoisoflavonoid was discovered.
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Tag: 9/11
Is it hype or reality?
If I were to categorize my state of health, I would argue that it's relatively good. Yes, I weigh more than I should but the blood work always seems to come back fine. It's a blessing that I'm glad to have considering how many others suffer.
In the last few weeks, we've been reminded what suffering is thanks to the spread of the coronavirus, or, more appropriately, Wuhan virus. It took a few weeks to learn what virulent effects it was having on the people around the Chinese city of Wuhan, but as it spreads around the world we hear fears of a pandemic on the scale of the Spanish flu a century ago, where millions in a war-ravaged global population perished. (Reports suggest its effects casualty-wise were worse than the First World War, which was coming to an end just as the influenza was beginning to spread.)
Because of that fear, we are treated to breathless accounts of rapidly dwindling supplies of surgical masks, disinfectant, and toilet paper. The Dow Jones and other markets have plunged, major events cancelled, entire countries are being placed into lockdown over the Wuhan virus, and even our church has played into this paranoia as shaking hands has been discouraged at the greeting time built into the service.
If you know me well enough, you know I'm something of a born skeptic about certain things, and Wuhan virus is quickly falling into that category. There are just too many reasons to believe that there's much more sizzle than steak when it comes to our seemingly biannual dread disease that's going to wipe us all out. (If we survived SARS, which is more easily spread, we can handle Wuhan virus.)
Now the conspiracy buffs among us could speculate that the whole thing is a Chinese plot to try and crash our economy, paving the way for a President more to their liking than Donald Trump, who has been a difficult adversary when it comes to trade. It is interesting to note, though, how the federal reaction once thought to be too strict is now being portrayed as an albatross around Trump's neck worse than Hurricane Katrina was for President George W. Bush. And as I noted above, the media has been complicit in stoking up fear.
After the topic came up for discussion at our small group tonight, I had another thought on the way home. Now it's nothing completely out of the ordinary for schools to close because of the flu, as it happens from time to time when a school finds a significant percentage of its kids are sick. But the measures being taken such as cancelling in-person classes in favor of online lessons for the foreseeable future or keeping workers at home, as well as the talk of scrubbing pro sports games (as of about 30 minutes after I posted this, it's no longer talk) or, more likely, holding them in closed stadiums – go beyond the pale into uncharted territory.
What this all reminds me of was the time period immediately after 9/11, and we have some eerie parallels. You may recall that both MLB and the NFL postponed an entire week's worth of games (which, by the way, was how we got November baseball for the first time. I remember seeing the "Welcome to November Baseball" sign at old Yankee Stadium as the October 31 World Series Game 4 dragged past midnight into November.) But it's also worth pointing out schools remained closed for several days after the terrorist attack, and life wasn't really something close to normal for weeks – or months, in the case of the New York and D.C. regions. (Or so I presume since I was still in Ohio back then.)
And it could be much the same type of situation here, except the impacts are in different areas, such as the global supply chain, financial markets, and perhaps oil industry – has the sudden, unexpected drop in demand from a moribund China led to a schism in the market as Russia and Saudi Arabia could not agree to supply cuts to re-establish $60 a barrel oil? Tonight I even saw the "r" word being mentioned in the same story that noted the latest decline in the Dow Jones makes it official: the post-Great Recession bull market is officially over after 11 years. Stocks have fallen 20 percent off their peak of just a few weeks ago.
Long story short: Wuhan virus is a reality and chances are it will spread to a point where some areas are hard hit, just like any flu season. But there's a lot more hype on this one because there's a larger agenda being held by some people. Right now the news deserves a little larger grain of salt.
Author MichaelPosted on March 11, 2020 March 11, 2020 Categories Business and industry, Culture and Politics, Delmarva items, National politics, Personal stuff, PoliticsTags 9/11, Donald Trump, stock market, Wuhan virus
9/11 in the age of Trump
This morning – and I say "this morning" despite the fact I'm writing this about 12 hours in advance of publication – President Donald Trump, a native of New York City, will preside over what is described as a "mostly solemn and nonpartisan occasion" with ceremonies at both Ground Zero and the Pentagon. (Vice President Pence will handle duties in Shanksville, PA at the Flight 93 Memorial.)
Because he's a native New Yorker, Donald Trump has a unique perspective on the event. Most of his critics point to a declaration The Donald made in the wake of the attack that his 40 Wall Street building became the tallest in the city thanks to the demise of the World Trade Center. On the other hand, President Trump made a very solemn Patriot Day declaration on Friday, bringing it up to date by citing our response to Hurricanes Harvey and Irma. One notable departure from the Obama years, though, is the dropping of the "National Day of Service and Remembrance" from the release (although Trump alludes to it in the body of his text, in keeping with the Obama-era law recognizing September 11 as such.)
Some of the conditions which led to the 9/11 attack (and its ongoing response on the battlefields of Afghanistan and Iraq) have been addressed by President Trump, although his main initiative of a temporary pause on accepting refugees and visitors from nations deemed to be potential sponsors of terror was thwarted by a series of activist judges. However, on a broader foreign palette, we have had little change in Middle East policy over the last several months, particularly in dealing with a poorly-drafted nuclear agreement with Iran: well-respected former U.N. ambassador and foreign policy hawk John Bolton is on record as wishing Trump would back out of that bad deal.
Regardless of what policy initiatives come and go, though, the passage of time insures that those who recall the incident first-hand are a dwindling majority. The number of Americans under age 21 now rests at about 27%, and if you add in those who weren't Americans when the attack occurred you're probably talking a number north of 3 out of 10 Americans who have little to no memory of the day because they weren't born yet, too young to understand it, living somewhere else at the time, or some combination of those factors. I know I won't forget where I was that day but the 17-year-old in the house won't recall because she was only a toddler. The day may be remembered at school, but even then only in passing.
And while we live in an era where being patriotic isn't necessarily cause for suspicion by certain groups as it was not so long ago, we're a long way from the fever pitch we had in the months after the attack. Then again, perhaps our nation has given us cause to be cynical after such a Long War with few tangible results. One could readily surmise that, with our superior military firepower, we could have made short work of any of these tinpot regimes if we put our mind to it and employed more of a scorched-earth policy. Lord knows we were willing to do so in 2001 but President George W. Bush preferred a coalition approach. Some may call that kicking the can down the road.
It's frightening to think that we could be on the doorstep of another such attack, but the possibility is there and it's not necessarily going to involve Islamic terrorism. So-called "suitcase nukes" or an EMP attack that North Korea could be capable of delivering would bring tragic results on a scale many times that of 9/11 – and we really can't defend that well against them. Yet the response, some civil libertarians argue, would be tantamount to living in a police state.
Walking that fine line is now the job of a 71-year-old man who's prone to fits of pique as expressed on Twitter but was supported and elected by a group of patriotic Americans who believed he would be the one to get tough on these threats. Since this is the first of what could be eight occasions where Trump commemorates 9/11, this is the one that sets the tempo.
Author MichaelPosted on September 11, 2017 September 10, 2017 Categories Culture and Politics, National politics, Personal stuff, PoliticsTags 9/11, Barack Obama, Donald Trump, Patriot Day, patriotism
My annual 9-11 statement
I've done something pretty much every September 11 I've had a website, but I think the best piece was the one I wrote three years ago to mark the occasion. I pick it up in the second paragraph.
That day was a glorious Tuesday weatherwise, a perfect late summer day in northwest Ohio. At the time I was working for my last firm, Hobbs and Black Architects, and as was normal on most days I had my headphones on listening to a CD when the phone rang. For whatever reason, I picked it up and it was my co-worker Larry who informed me that he would be in shortly and did I know that a plane had hit the World Trade Center? I told him no, and I'd see him shortly.
What I assumed, not knowing the whole story at the time, was that what struck the WTC was a small Cessna-type plane. I had no idea that it was the first jetliner to hit or that by the time Larry made it in that a second plane was making contact. But when Larry turned on his radio straight away to continue monitoring the events, we all knew something bad was happening. This was probably about 9:15 or so.
Obviously we were all glued to the radio accounts of the news, but we did have work to get done. Some of my cohorts were wrapping up presentation drawings for a new synagogue that was to be presented in a meeting to the congregation that evening. But later that morning we got a call from the design architect who decided maybe meeting that night would not be a good idea. Not a whole lot was done that day as obviously we were all waiting for another shoe to drop, particularly when we heard that the Pentagon was hit and there was another plane that had dropped out of contact over Ohio (this would be Flight 93.)
It seemed like an eternity until 5:30 when my workday was done. I figured I'd better stop for gas on the way back home and found that the gas priced at $1.10 or so when I went to work was now $1.80. Still, there were lines to get in the station. And all that was normal when the day began was now different. There were no ballgames on, nor any of the regular TV shows. All we had on was the wall-to-wall coverage of the mounting death toll and the question about why we were targeted.
In the days that followed, the questioning turned to mourning and then to solidarity. I remember all the members of Congress singing patriotically on the Capitol steps. For a few days afterward we weren't Democrats or Republicans, liberals or conservatives, we were just Americans.
But when I think about that day, I think more about the effect it had on my daughter. We all live some of our lives through our children and even though I wasn't around when she was born Dani is still my daughter. So perhaps the thing that upsets me the most is that this occurred during her senior year of high school. It's supposed to be one of the most fun years of a child's life, but hers forever has the black mark of being associated with 9/11.
There's one incident that typifies that melancholy feeling I get when 9/11 comes up. On the Saturday afterward, Dani's high school hosted a band concert with several other bands in the region. They all played 3 or 4 songs, essentially a typical halftime show.
As was traditional, her school's band closed the show. Instead of a regular show though, as I recall they marched onto the field and took their formation. Then, to the sound of a single drum keeping time they slowly and somberly marched off one by one. It's a bitter memory that I have, thinking about the joy that a high school marching band generally brings tempered by events beyond their control.
9/11 was an event that continues to define a generation. It's Dani's age group that volunteered to fight against the enemy who took the fight to us on that brilliant day turned dark, and it's her age group that takes most of the casualties in that fight on both sides.
But for those of us who were just doing our jobs on a regular workday not unlike the thousand before, living through that one changed us too. We still take time to remember and mourn those for whom it was their last workday; the ones who never knew what hit them, those on the planes who never made it to their destinations, some who died trying to save their cohorts in the Twin Towers, and still others unfortunate enough to be at the top of the towers who faced a horrible choice of how to end their life.
Because of some agenda, political or otherwise, we rarely see the pictures anymore. But placing the events that happened on a Tuesday not unlike today six years ago out of sight cannot and should not place them out of mind. We owe it to my daughter's generation not to forget.
luvya, kiddo.
You know, with all the hullabaloo over the mosque nearby Ground Zero, the events of 9/11 remain on our mind and the wounds unhealed. Personally I'd prefer they built it someplace else in New York (my understanding is there's another mosque just blocks away) but what will be will be I suppose. Just don't be surprised if someone tosses a firebomb in the place sometime down the road.
But as the years are removed and other events occur in our lives, my fear is that we return to the so-called 9/10 mindset. Just because we have ceased operations in Iraq and are getting ready to pull out of Afghanistan next year doesn't mean the threat from Islamic terrorism has ceased – in fact, they may see this manuever as a sign of weakness. Perhaps the next anniversary and the prospect of the groundbreaking for a new mosque will bring us a new vigilance.
Author MichaelPosted on September 11, 2010 September 10, 2010 Categories National politics, Personal stuffTags 9/11, Ground Zero, Personal stuff1 Comment on My annual 9-11 statement
Friday night videos – episode 45
Call this the primary edition. It's some of the interesting things which have come across my screen lately and I want to share with you.
First, I love the smell of hypocricy in the evening as much as I do in the morning.
Yep, let's hire non-union people to protest on behalf of a union. Unless there's full employment within the union (in which case they shouldn't need the work anyway) why can't they use their own members?
In the meantime, the administration they blindly support is killing other union and non-union jobs in the energy industry.
It's interesting – 5,500 people came of their own accord to speak out on their jobs but providing a handful of jobs to the members of the union who instead paid scab labor to picket was out of the question.
The statewide races for Governor and Senate are quite interesting, with Jim Rutledge and Eric Wargotz fighting out the U.S. Senate nod and Brian Murphy closing the gap on Bob Ehrlich. Here's a little something from each, beginning with Rutledge. Someone came up with a great video on Jim's behalf.
I still like the bearded look on Jim. Meanwhile, his opponent Eric Wargotz hit the airwaves with this last week.
It's a humorous ad, and certainly gets the point across. But is appearing in safari garb Eric's 'Dukakis moment'?
A more conventional message comes from Brian Murphy in his TV spot.
It sounds pretty Eastern Shore to me, since that's where he grew up. Meanwhile, Bob Ehrlich vows to kill the expansion of the sales tax to 43 services.
Oh, I remember the bill – they've tried to sneak it through but didn't have the cajones to do it back then. We fought it tooth and nail and won.
Finally, this week wouldn't be complete without mentioning something about tomorrow. It's this week's Freedom Minute from the Center for Individual Freedom.
I decided to skip the music video this week because I may just have fresh ones next week if I'm able. We'll have to see on that; otherwise enjoy the rest of your night!
Author MichaelPosted on September 10, 2010 September 10, 2010 Categories Business and industry, Campaign 2010, Delmarva items, Maryland Politics, National politics, PoliticsTags 9/11, Bob Ehrlich, Brian Murphy, Business and industry, Center for Individual Freedom, Competitive Enterprise Institute, Eric Wargotz, Jim Rutledge


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What Makes a Good Newspaper Ad?
By Jenna Bruce on Mon, Jul 16, 2018 @ 10:00 AM in newspapers, target audience, call-to-action, design
If you've read this blog for any length of time, you know that we are big proponents of newspaper advertising. Nothing quite allows you to target specific, niche demographics like newspapers.
But not any old newspaper ad will give you the results...
Predicting the Actual Death of Newspapers
By Scott Olson on Thu, Oct 03, 2013 @ 11:48 AM in newspaper advertising, newspapers, Jeff Bezos, newspaper publishing, warren buffett
Remember December 21, 2012? That was the day the world was supposed to end, according to the Mayans. As we know now, given it's October 3, 2013, that didn't exactly work out. But when will the end of newspapers arrive? When, exactly, will the last...
Newspapers Experiencing Success (Current Headline, Not 1987)
By Scott Olson on Thu, Feb 21, 2013 @ 11:40 AM in digital, newspaper advertising, newspapers
Last week we wrote about a program Frank N. Magid Associates, Inc. has developed to work with print publications to consult them on how to take their businesses into the future. One of the first ways they can do that is to understand they are a...
Newspaper of the Future
By Scott Olson on Thu, Feb 14, 2013 @ 10:29 AM in newspaper advertising, newspapers, publishing industry
In 2013 when people read that headline their minds are most likely to drift to something inherently digital. Since at least 2006, if not earlier, the general perception has been that newspapers are on their way out and the only way to maintain any...
Note to Newspaper Critics: Stop Talking Out of Both Sides of Your Mouth
By Scott Olson on Thu, Jan 31, 2013 @ 11:10 AM in digital advertising, newspaper advertising, newspapers
We're all critics. Some of us are better at it than others. Some more vocal, others internalize it, but we all do it. It's easy to be a critic. It's harder to step out and be willing to be criticized. Some people are so good at being critical...
National Newspaper Week is October 8 to 13, 2012
By Scott Olson on Mon, Oct 08, 2012 @ 05:06 PM in newspaper advertising, newspaper readership, newspaper industry, newspapers, newspaper
National Newspaper Week is upon us, and all week the crew at Mediaspace Solutions will be bringing you new blog posts highlighting some of the exciting things happening in newspaper and information you might not be aware of. We wanted to kick things...
If Print is Dead, why give it a Facelift?
By Scott Olson on Tue, Sep 11, 2012 @ 02:19 PM in print advertising, newspapers, print
We've all heard the stories, seen the headlines and made funny faces when your friends tell you, 'I work in print advertising.' Rumor has it the print industry is headed down the tubes and the free-for-all that started a few years ago is a speeding...
How Newspaper Content Can Engage Audiences
By Scott Olson on Tue, Sep 04, 2012 @ 04:10 PM in newspaper readership, newspaper industry, newspapers
Creating Content that Matters
It was recently published that worldwide only 2.2% of newspaper revenues are coming from digital platforms. Did you catch that? Only 2.2%. But this has to change, and newspapers know it. The biggest question is how to...
Visualizing Ad Expenditure: 1995 – 2011
By Pasquale Festa on Wed, Aug 15, 2012 @ 08:00 AM in newspapers, ad expenditure
I work in research, so I'm accustomed to looking at endless columns and rows of data for extended periods of time. Unfortunately, no matter how long you stare at the raw data, it's very difficult to build a cohesive story out of all those digits and...
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ULCA Neurosurgery Brain Tumor Program ULCA Neurosurgery Brain Tumor Program 200,708 01/12/06
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Mayo Clinic Brain Tumor Center Brain tumor center at the Mayo Clinic in MN, FL and AZ 171,573 06/27/06
UCLA Neuro-Oncology Program: A leading comprehensive brain tumor program, using molecular diagnostic & gene expression analysis to customize treatment plans. Offers patient support groups, cutting edge clinical trials and Infinity Online software to help predict clinical outcomes based on 10 years of retrospective treatment plans. 141,626 04/12/00
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Neuro-Oncology Program @ Moffitt Cancer Center Neuro-Oncology Program located in Tampa, Florida. Moffitt is a NCI Comprehensive Cancer Center. Our program is part of the national CNS consortium, NABTT. 123,318 02/21/02
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Gamma Knife Radiosurgery and Immunotherapy for Brain Tumors All types of brain tumors and their treatments described 102,834 04/09/01
CyberKnife Patient Support Group (CPSG) 85,635 07/16/03
National Cancer network Guidelines. These are the official guidelines of standard treatments for all types of brain tumors. Registration is required but is free. 64,586 09/02/10
Clinical Trials And Noteworthy Treatments For Brain Tumors Brain tumor information 62,950 03/26/00
Brain Tumor Treatment and Diagnosis Options at Mayo Clinic Mayo Clinic offers diagnosis and treatment options for glimoas, metastic brain tumors, pituitary tumors and meningiomas. 58,330 03/20/06
Mount Sinai Medical Center Brain Tumor Program Mount Sinai Medical Center Brain Tumor Program 55,408 04/19/01
The Signs of Death and How to ease a dying patient from Hospice- This excellent resource is a must read for those caring for terminally ill patients 52,297 03/27/00
The Infography about Malignant Glioma Resources for brain tumors 51,576 04/30/04
3rd Annual Lauren`s First and Goal Football Camp - Sunday, June 4, 2006, Lafayette College, Easton, PA A one day, non-contact, instructional clinic to raise funds for pediatric brain tumor research. Last year over 800 players and 100 volunteer college coaches helped to raise over 74,000 for LFG. A pediatric cancer survivors Fun Day is also held during the football clinic- crafts, activities, lunch and entertainment for patients, family and friends. 49,648 03/19/06
50 Helps for the Patient who can`t speak A communication aid for patients and caregivers by Teri Kenzig 47,393 03/29/00
Brain Stem Glioma-Everything You didn`t want to know but should. By Jim Kenzig 47,372 04/09/00
Brain Surgery Information Center Dr. John Mangiardi`s excellent brain surgery information page 46,155 03/27/00
National Cancer Institute Brain Tumor Clinical Trial Search Search NCI for cancer trial information 43,313 03/27/00
Picture Helps for Children who can`t read or speak A communication aid for patients and caregivers by Jim Kenzig. . Hint: Change your printer orientation setting to Landscape mode for this to print out correctly 43,068 03/29/00
Childhood Brain Tumor Foundation 301-515-2900 Resources 42,909 03/29/00
The Social Security and Disability Resource Center The Social Security and Disability Resource Center (SSDRC.com) is an informational website that provides answers to questions about how to apply for disability, how to appeal a claim in the event of a denial, how to navigate the federal system, and how to avoid certain mistakes that are commonly made by applicants. The site's author is a former disability examiner for the social security administration. 42,500 11/09/11
Make-A-Wish Grants wishes for terminally ill children. The worlds largest granter of wishes! 39,963 03/29/00
Marty`s Joke of the Day Stories about Marty, his family, and his 4 sons. The youngest has brain cancer. 39,817 09/14/05
A Primer of Brain Tumors from the American Brain Tumor Association A Patient`s Reference Manual Note Adobe PDF Reader is needed. 38,037 03/27/00
Austin`s Miracle Fund Charity organization assisting children with brain cancer. 37,984 01/12/01
Drug Assistance Programs - Free Drugs! Tells how you can get free or reduced price drugs if you can`t afford them 37,445 05/25/00
NY State Traumatic Brain Injury Waiver Program Offers assitance to NY patients with brain injuries 35,700 09/22/06
Hospice Patients Alliance: Consumer Advocates providing complete information on hospice services, levels of care, standards of care and regulations right on our site, free assistance in resolving difficulties, publish: Family Guide to Hospice Care (more than 300 pages) 34,290 06/16/00
Environmental Causes of Childhood Cancer and Remission Information Information on suspected causes of brain and neurological cancers, and the increase in cancers found in St. Lucie County, Florida 32,155 04/02/00
The Musella Foundation For Brain Tumor Research & Information 516-295-4740 The organization that maintains Virtualtrials.com! 31,376 03/29/00
NCI PDQ on Adult Brain Tumor Patient Information 31,323 03/29/00
The National Information Center for Children and Youth with Disabilities Provides information on disabilities and disability-related issues for families, educators, and other professionals. Our special focus is children and youth (birth to age 22) 29,742 03/29/00
PedJobs The official employment resource for the American Academy of Pediatrics 29,621 06/17/05
NCI Cancernet Physicians Data Query (PDQ) NCI database that contains the latest information about cancer treatment, screening, prevention, genetics, and supportive care, plus clinical trials. 29,397 03/29/00
The Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences at the University of Western Ontario. This site serves as an introduction to the Division of Neurology and as an educational forum for neurologists, residents, and practicing physicians around the country and abroad. 29,260 04/03/00
Decadron By Dr. Bruce Cohen Co-director of Brain Tumor Clinic at Cleveland Clinic What you need to know about this often prescribed steroid drug for reducing the swelling in brain tumors. 28,955 03/27/00
National Institute of Health Home Page Offers health information, grants and funding opportunities for research. 28,497 04/03/00
Childhood Brain Tumor (PDQ®) Treatment - Patients Cancernet Information for patients on Childhood Brain Tumors 28,287 03/28/00
Adult Ependymoma of The Brain - A Patient`s Story data-packed (verified true) written in plain english by a patient 27,894 09/04/04
Meningioma Mommas An online support group for women with meningioma brain tumors. 27,893 02/27/03
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AboutKidsHealth Brain Tumour Resource Centre is a comprehensive, interactive, accessible resource for families of children with a brain tumour. 26,007 12/19/05
The National Braintumor Foundation 800-934-CURE A not for profit organization that offers valuable resources for brain tumor patients and funds brain tumore research 25,869 03/27/00
St. Jude Children`s Research Hospital Pediatric Brain Tumor Program 25,584 04/04/00
The Healing Exchange BRAIN TRUST Internet-based support groups for people who have brain tumors and other neurological abnormalities. 25,446 04/24/01
Corporate Angels Network Free Airfare This organization provides free air travel via corporate jet for ANY cancer patient who requires treatment at any nationally recognized treatment facility, without regard to their financial resources 25,321 03/27/00
Center For Glioma Outcomes Research The GO Project is a voluntary, physician-directed project to improve outcomes for patients with glioma. 25,073 04/02/00
MedFriendly Free medical dictionary with easy to understand entries. 24,973 05/01/02
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DCBA, meanwhile, had a busy week hosting the 2017 USA China Auto Expo & Forum in Dearborn with more than 20 major Chinese auto suppliers on hand.
DCBA teamed up with China's Ministry of Industry & Information Technology (MIIT), China Auto Industry Investment and Development (Wuxi) Ltd., and locally with the Asian Pacific American Chamber of Commerce in staging the event.
"This was a nearly unprecedented opportunity for Michigan-based companies seeking to make the right connections to take their products to the Chinese market or to find Chinese investors to expand their operations," said Brian Gao, DCBA president.
Since 1995, DCBA has hosted Chinese officials and produced more than 100 events and meetings resulting in more than $3 billion foreign direct investment from China to Michigan.


The case of an Italian politician convicted of child abuse for pulling his son's hair in Sweden has highlighted a parenting 'culture clash' between northern and southern Europe.
The Stockholm District Court said Giovanni Colasante 'intentionally inflicted pain on his son by pulling him by the hair' for about five seconds in the city's Old Town.
The case has generated front-page headlines in Italy, where it's being called a parenting 'culture clash' between northern and southern Europe.
But even Italians who say parents shouldn't slap their children question whether Colasante's offence deserved jail time.
Colasante, an official from the small southern Italian town of Canosa di Puglia, was arrested after witnesses to the August 23 argument approached the family and called police.
'He lifted his son up by the hair,' eyewitness Deniz Cinkitas told the Aftonbladet newspaper following the incident.
Colasante spent three nights in jail before returning to Italy and was not present in court Tuesday.
Noting that boy had not received any injuries, the court said the abuse was regarded as a misdemeanour and waived a fine of 6,600 kronor ($996), saying Colasante's time in jail was sufficient punishment.
But judging by testimony from several witnesses 'it is clear that Giovanni Colasante's violence was severe enough to cause the boy pain,' the court noted.
Colasante denied the charges, and it was not immediately clear whether he would appeal the verdict.
In Sweden there is zero tolerance for parents who hit their children, and anyone who does in public is often confronted by bystanders or reported to police.
Sweden was the first country in the world to outlaw corporal punishment in 1979, according to the country's Ombudsman for Children.
Colasante told Italy's state-run RAI television he was 'humiliated' by the experience and that his son felt guilty for having put his father through the ordeal.
'I had to give up a vacation, and it put into question my relationship with my son, because he now in some ways feels responsible for what happened,' Colasante said.
Mali Nillson, Save The Children Sweden's spokesman for international work on corporal punishment, followed the debate over the charges in Italy.
She told Swedish English-language news website thelocal.se that the discussion there was based on an incorrect view of Swedish legislation.
'It is thought that the law is intended to criminalise parents and that neighbours should report one another,' she said.
Sixteen of the EU's 27 member states have laws against corporal punishment. In Italy it is forbidden at schools, but not in the home.


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Home News Brief Colombia Investigates Over 100 Disappearances from Bogotá Prison
Colombia Investigates Over 100 Disappearances from Bogotá Prison
James Bargent
Modelo Prison, Bogota, Colombia
Prosecutors in Colombia believe over 100 people were murdered, dismembered and disappeared in a Bogotá prison between 1999 and 2001, in a macabre example of how armed groups and drug traffickers turned Colombian prisons into hubs of organized crime.
Colombia's prosecutor's office has announced it is investigating the disappearances of at least 100 people in Modelo prison, who they believe were murdered and their dismembered bodies disposed of in the prison sewage system.
According to witness testimonies, the disappearances were carried out by paramilitaries from the United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia – AUC), who at the time ruled over the prison wing where the investigation is focused.
The prosecutor leading the case, Caterina Heyck Puyana, said the victims were not only prisoners, but also their families and other people from the outside.
In an interview with radio station La FM, Heyck described how the paramilitaries, as well as drug traffickers and guerrilla groups, ruled over their sections of the prisons, running a variety of criminal activities including arms and drug trafficking and prostitution with the complicity of corrupt officials.
In the late 1990s and early 2000s, prisons such as Modelo were commonly divided into three wings, one for guerrilla groups, one for their paramilitary enemies, and one for common criminals. Each were able to form heavily armed criminal structures to rule over their respective areas, and deadly confrontations between them were common.
According to media investigations and testimonies of demobilized fighters, the paramilitaries also used prisons to collect drug debts and ransoms, hold kidnap victims, and carry out murders.
SEE ALSO: Coverage of Prisons
Journalist Jineth Bedoya, whose kidnapping from Modelo prison in 2000 was the starting point for the current investigation, said that at the time Modelo was "the office from where the biggest crime networks in the country were managed."
Although evidence of people being dismembered and disappeared has long circulated, the current investigation is the first indication of the scale of the atrocities, which prosecutors say were likely repeated in numerous paramilitary controlled prisons around the country.
Currently, Colombian prisons remain a hotbed of corruption, crime and appalling conditions. However, despite their weaknesses, they are no longer directly ruled by armed groups as they were in the early 2000s.
Colombia's Mirror: War and Drug Trafficking in the Prison System
A Former Warlord is Back in Colombia, Will His Drug Trafficking Empire Follow?
Colombia Police Stations Face Overcrowding and Escape Attempts
Systemic Colombia Prison Corruption Reaches Top Officials
Report Sheds Light on Private Sector Role in Colombia Conflict


A 20-year-old Lutz man was killed Wednesday morning after a driver executed a turn in front of his motorcycle, according to the Florida Highway Patrol.
The man, who has yet to be identified, was riding a Suzuki GSX-R600 west in the inside lane of County Road 54 around 7:05 a.m. At the same time, a 22-year-old Wesley Chapel woman was driving a 2001 Mazda 2 east on the road and had stopped in the left turn lane approaching Oakley Boulevard.
A Pasco County Motorcycle Accident Lawyer at Whittel & Melton can help you with the difficult task of filing a wrongful death claim after a fatal accident.
Troopers believe the woman waited for a westbound van to pass through the intersection, then turned left driving straight into the path of the motorcycle.
The motorcycle collided with the right side of the vehicle, ejecting the rider. He was pronounced dead at the scene.
Troopers said charges against the woman are pending.
Wesley Chapel has a wonderful year-round climate, for the most part, and a beautiful landscape making motorcycle riding a very popular activity for daily transportation or even for just recreation. While an enjoyable activity, motorcycle riders must share the roadway with other motorists, who often fail to notice them. Unfortunately, when other drivers act carelessly, it can lead to devastating accidents that result in severe injuries or even death.
While no amount of money can ever take away the pain of losing a loved one, monetary compensation can cover any expenses related to the accident and provide for your family both now and in the future. A Pasco County Motorcycle Accident Lawyer at Whittel & Melton can help you with the difficult task of filing a wrongful death claim after a fatal accident. We can make sure you understand your legal rights and how to best pursue your legal claim based on the specifics of your circumstances. Please call us today for a free consultation at 727-847-2299. We welcome you to fill out a free online case evaluation form by downloading our free app from the Apple App Store or get it on Google Play.


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Tech Museum Grows Up After Dark
By Sajid Farooq
Published Jun 7, 2011 at 11:31 AM | Updated at 4:36 PM PDT on Jun 7, 2011
Receive the latest events updates in your inbox
The Tech Museum will host a new after dark series for adults on the first Wednesday of every month starting this week.
When was the last time you visited the Tech Museum?
The San Jose museum is ripping a page out of the California Academy of Sciences playbook and opening up its doors at night for grown ups to sip a little "Tech-Tini" and try your hand at a board game or an old school Nintendo game.
The Tech Museum will host its first "Tech Museum After Hours" event July 6 for adults over 21. The series will take place the first Wednesday of every month.
It will give adults a chance to unwind with a different technology-themed social every month and gain access to the museum in a way they haven't seen before.
Exploratorium After Dark
This week, in addition to a game of Scrabble, attendees will be able to play Nintendo on a 25-foot screen with 13,000 watts of wrap-around digital sound in the IMAX Dome Theater.
For more information, visit the Tech Museum's website.


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National Wildlife Health Center
Avian Influenza Surveillance
Science Center Objects
Related Science
The USGS National Wildlife Health Center (NWHC) serves on the U.S. Interagency Steering Committee for Surveillance for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Wild Birds to standardize surveillance for this disease and is a leading partner in conducting morbidity and mortality investigations in support of the Interagency Strategic Plan for Early Detection and Monitoring for Avian Influenzas of Significance in Wild Birds. The NWHC also serves as an affiliate member of the National Animal Health Laboratory Network (NAHLN) to standardize diagnostic testing for this disease and collaborates with the U.S. Department of Agriculture's National Veterinary Services Laboratory on diagnostic testing of samples collected from wild birds for avian influenza surveillance.
The NWHC conducts surveillance to facilitate early detection for high consequence pathogens such as highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses. In December 2014, the NWHC detected HPAI viruses with of Asian origin in wild waterfowl. By the end of 2015 HPAI had resulted in the death and culling of over 50 million poultry, resulting in economy-wide losses of over $3 billion.
Avian influenza among wild waterfowl is a concern among resource managers and owners of domestic fowl. The scientists take a sample to process at the lab. (Credit: Erika Sanchez-Chopitea, U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center. Public domain)
In addition to conducting ongoing investigations of unusual wildlife mortality events since the 1970s, the NWHC also conducts ongoing work to understand processes and environmental factors that influence spread, distribution, and mechanisms of transfer of HPAI in wild birds and poultry. For example, in 2016, the NWHC, as an affiliate member of the NAHLN, tested over 700 wild-bird carcasses and over 7,000 swab samples from healthy wild birds for presence of avian influenza viruses. While HPAI was not detected in any of these samples, over 1,300 low pathogenicity avian influenza viruses were identified, providing critical information to wildlife and agricultural officials on the spatial distribution and strains of avian influenza viruses circulating in our nation's wildlife. The surveillance activities conducted by the NWHC provides needed information on which avian influenza strains are circulating in the U.S. to provide situational awareness and early warning for the need for increased biosecurity at poultry facilities to prevent spillover of viruses between domestic and wild birds.
In 2017 and 2018, the U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and state agencies conducted surveillance efforts including sampling and testing over 30,000 ducks across the U.S. for avian influenza viruses and detected no highly pathogenic strains. This effort included 7,713 samples from the Atlantic Flyway states. The Canadian Wildlife Health Cooperative has also been performing HPAI surveillance with no HPAI virus detections in 2017. Surveillance efforts for HPAI virus in wild birds are ongoing and continue to remain a priority at the USGS National Wildlife Health Center.
More Information on Avian Influenza
Avian influenza is a viral disease caused by various strains of avian influenza viruses that can be classified as low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) or highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). It remains a global disease with potential high consequence with the potential to threaten wildlife, agriculture, and human health. Check out the main Avian Influenza page to learn more.
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Date published: July 24, 2018
Avian influenza is a viral disease caused by various strains of avian influenza viruses that can be classified as low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) or highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI). It remains a global disease with potential high consequence with the potential to threaten wildlife, agriculture, and human health.
Contacts: Robert Dusek, Hon Ip, Jeffrey S Hall, Daniel A Grear, Daniel Walsh, Robin E Russell, David S Blehert, C. LeAnn White, Katie Richgels
Attribution: Ecosystems, Fish & Wildlife Disease, National Wildlife Health Center
Below are publications related to avian influenza surveillance.
U.S. Geological Survey science strategy for highly pathogenic avian influenza in wildlife and the environment (2016–2020)
IntroductionThrough the Science Strategy for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) in Wildlife and the Environment, the USGS will assess avian influenza (AI) dynamics in an ecological context to inform decisions made by resource managers and policymakers from the local to national level. Through collection of unbiased scientific information on...
Harris, M. Camille; Pearce, John M.; Prosser, Diann J.; White, C. LeAnn; Miles, A. Keith; Sleeman, Jonathan M.; Brand, Christopher J.; Cronin, James P.; De La Cruz, Susan; Densmore, Christine L.; Doyle, Thomas W.; Dusek, Robert J.; Fleskes, Joseph P.; Flint, Paul L.; Guala, Gerald F.; Hall, Jeffrey S.; Hubbard, Laura E.; Hunt, Randall J.; Ip, Hon S.; Katz, Rachel A.; Laurent, Kevin W.; Miller, Mark P.; Munn, Mark D.; Ramey, Andrew M.; Richards, Kevin D.; Russell, Robin E.; Stokdyk, Joel P.; Takekawa, John Y.; Walsh, Daniel P.
Attribution: Alaska Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Ecosystems, Science Analytics and Synthesis (SAS), Region 11: Alaska, United States of America, Laboratories, Laboratory for Infectious Disease and the Environment
Harris, M.C., Pearce, J.M., Prosser, D.J., White, C.L., Miles, A.K., Sleeman, J.M., Brand, C.J., Cronin, J.P., De La Cruz, S., Densmore, C.L., Doyle, T.W., Dusek, R.J., Fleskes, J.P., Flint, P.L., Guala, G.F., Hall, J.S., Hubbard, L.E., Hunt, R.J., Ip, H.S., Katz, R.A., Laurent, K.W., Miller, M.P., Munn, M.D., Ramey, A.M., Richards, K.D., Russell, R.E., Stokdyk, J.P., Takekawa, J.Y., and Walsh, D.P., 2016, U.S. Geological Survey science strategy for highly pathogenic avian influenza in wildlife and the environment (2016–2020): U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2016–1121, 38 p., http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/ofr20161121.
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Avian influenza virus prevalence in marine birds is dependent on ocean temperatures
Waterfowl and shorebirds are the primary hosts of influenza A virus (IAV), however, in most surveillance efforts, large populations of birds are not routinely examined; specifically marine ducks and other birds that reside predominately on or near the ocean. We conducted a long-term study sampling sea ducks and gulls in coastal Maine for IAV and...
Hall, Jeffrey S.; Dusek, Robert J.; Nashold, Sean; TeSlaa, Joshua L.; Allen, Bradford R.; Grear, Daniel A.
Attribution: Biology and Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center, Ecosystems, Fish & Wildlife Disease, United States of America
Artificial intelligence and avian influenza: Using machine learning to enhance active surveillance for avian influenza viruses
Influenza A viruses are one of the most significant viral groups globally with substantial impacts on human, domestic animal and wildlife health. Wild birds are the natural reservoirs for these viruses, and active surveillance within wild bird populations provides critical information about viral evolution forming the basis of risk assessments and...
Walsh, Daniel P.; Ma, Ting Fung; Ip, Hon S.; Zhu, Jun
Aerosol transmission of gull-origin Iceland subtype H10N7 influenza A virus in ferrets
Subtype H10 influenza A viruses (IAVs) have been recovered from domestic poultry and various aquatic bird species, and sporadic transmission of these IAVs from avian species to mammals (i.e., human, seal, and mink) are well documented. In 2015, we isolated four H10N7 viruses from gulls in Iceland. Genomic analyses showed four gene segments in the...
Guan, Minhui; Hall, Jeffrey S.; Zhang, Xiaojian; Dusek, Robert J.; Olivier, Alicia K.; Liu, Liyuan; Li, Lei; Krauss, Scott; Danner, Angea; Li, Tao; Rutvisuttinunt, Wiriya; Lin, Xiaoxu; Hallgrimsson, Gunnar T.; Ragnarsdottir, Sunna B.; Vignisson, Solvi R.; TeSlaa, Josh; Nashold, Sean; Jarman, Richard; Wan, Xiu-Feng
Predicting the initial spread of novel Asian origin influenza A viruses in the continental USA by wild waterfowl
Using data on waterfowl band recoveries, we identified spatially explicit hotspots of concentrated waterfowl movement to predict occurrence and spatial spread of a novel influenza A virus (clade 2.3.4.4) introduced from Asia by waterfowl from an initial outbreak in North America in November 2014. In response to the outbreak, the hotspots of...
Franklin, Alan B.; Bevins, Sarah N.; Ellis, Jeremy W.; Miller, Ryan S.; Shriner, Susan A.; Root, J. Jeffrey; Walsh, Daniel P.; DeLiberto, Thomas J.
Influenza A virus recovery, diversity, and intercontinental exchange: A multi-year assessment of wild bird sampling at Izembek National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska
Western Alaska is a potential point-of-entry for foreign-origin influenza A viruses (IAVs) into North America via migratory birds. We sampled waterfowl and gulls for IAVs at Izembek National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) in western Alaska, USA, during late summer and autumn months of 2011–2015, to evaluate the abundance and diversity of viruses at this...
Reeves, Andrew B.; Hall, Jeffery S.; Poulson, Rebecca L.; Donnelly, Tyrone F.; Stallknecht, David E.; Ramey, Andrew M.
Attribution: Biology and Ecosystems, Alaska Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Ecosystems, Fish & Wildlife Disease, Region 11: Alaska, United States of America
Widespread detection of highly pathogenic H5 influenza viruses in wild birds from the Pacific Flyway of the United States
A novel highly pathogenic avian influenza virus belonging to the H5 clade 2.3.4.4 variant viruses was detected in North America in late 2014. Motivated by the identification of these viruses in domestic poultry in Canada, an intensive study was initiated to conduct highly pathogenic avian influenza surveillance in wild birds in the Pacific Flyway...
Bevins, S.N.; Dusek, Robert J.; White, C. LeAnn; Gidlewski, Thomas; Bodenstein, B.; Mansfield, Kristin G.; DeBruyn, Paul; Kraege, Donald K.; Rowan, E.L.; Gillin, Colin; Thomas, B.; Chandler, S.; Baroch, J.; Schmit, B.; Grady, M. J.; Miller, R. S.; Drew, M.L.; Stopak, S.; Zscheile, B.; Bennett, J.; Sengl, J.; Brady, Caroline; Ip, Hon S.; Spackman, Erica; Killian, M. L.; Kim Torchetti, Mia ; Sleeman, Jonathan M.; DeLiberto, T.J.
Attribution: National Wildlife Health Center, Ecosystems
High rates of detection of Clade 2.3.4.4 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5 viruses in wild birds in the Pacific Northwest during the winter of 2014-2015
In 2014, Clade 2.3.4.4 H5N8 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses spread across the Republic of Korea and ultimately were reported in China, Japan, Russia and Europe. Mortality associated with a reassortant HPAI H5N2 virus was detected in poultry farms in Western Canada at the end of November. The same strain (with identical genetic...
Ip, Hon S.; Dusek, Robert J.; Bodenstein, Barbara L.; Kim Torchetti, Mia ; DeBruyn, Paul; Mansfield, Kristin G.; DeLiberto, Thomas J.; Sleeman, Jonathan M.
Hon S. Ip, Robert Jerome Dusek, Barbara Bodenstein, Mia Kim Torchetti, Paul M. DeBruyn, Kristin Mansfield, Thomas J. DeLiberto, and Jonathan Sleeman (2016) High rates of detection of Clade 2.3.4.4 HPAI H5 viruses in wild birds in the Pacific Northwest during the winter of 2014/2015. Avian Diseases In-Press.
Surveillance for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in wild birds during outbreaks in domestic poultry, Minnesota, 2015
In 2015, a major outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) infection devastated poultry facilities in Minnesota, USA. To clarify the role of wild birds, we tested 3,139 waterfowl fecal samples and 104 sick and dead birds during March 9–June 4, 2015. HPAIV was isolated from a Cooper's hawk but not from waterfowl.
Jennelle, Christopher S.; Carstensen, Michelle; Hildebrand, Erik C.; Cornicelli, Louis; Wolf, Paul C.; Grear, Daniel A.; Ip, Hon S.; VanDalen, Kaci K.; Minicucci, Larissa A.
Jennelle CS, Carstensen M, Hildebrand EC, Cornicelli L, Wolf P, Grear DA, et al. Surveillance for highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in wild birds during outbreaks in domestic poultry, Minnesota, 2015. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016 Jul [date cited]. http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2207.152032
Avian influenza ecology in North Atlantic sea ducks: Not all ducks are created equal
Wild waterfowl are primary reservoirs of avian influenza viruses (AIV). However the role of sea ducks in the ecology of avian influenza, and how that role differs from freshwater ducks, has not been examined. We obtained and analyzed sera from North Atlantic sea ducks and determined the seroprevalence in those populations. We also tested swab...
Hall, Jeffrey S.; Russell, Robin E.; Franson, J. Christian; Soos, Catherine; Dusek, Robert J.; Allen, R. Bradford; Nashold, Sean W.; Teslaa, Joshua L.; Jónsson, Jón Einar; Ballard, Jennifer R.; Harms, Naomi Jnae; Brown, Justin D.
Attribution: National Wildlife Health Center, Ecosystems, , , Contaminant Biology Program, Environmental Health Program, United States of America
Hall JS, Russell RE, Franson JC, Soos C, Dusek RJ, Allen RB, et al. (2015) Avian Influenza Ecology in North Atlantic Sea Ducks: Not All Ducks Are Created Equal. PLoS ONE 10(12): e0144524. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144524
Wild bird surveillance for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 in North America
It is unknown how the current Asian origin highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 viruses arrived, but these viruses are now poised to become endemic in North America. Wild birds harbor these viruses and have dispersed them at regional scales. What is unclear is how the viruses may be moving from the wild bird reservoir into poultry holdings. Active...
Flint, Paul L.; Pearce, John M.; Franson, J. Christian; Derksen, Dirk V.
Attribution: Alaska Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Ecosystems, , , Contaminant Biology Program, Environmental Health Program, Region 11: Alaska, United States of America
Flint, P. L., J. C. Franson, J. M. Pearce, and D. V. Derksen. 2015. Wild bird surveillance for highly pathogenic avian Influenza H5 in North America. Virology Journal 12:151
Demographic and spatiotemporal patterns of avian influenza infection at the continental scale, and in relation to annual life cycle of a migratory host
Since the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 in the eastern hemisphere, numerous surveillance programs and studies have been undertaken to detect the occurrence, distribution, or spread of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in wild bird populations worldwide. To identify demographic determinants and spatiotemporal patterns of AIV...
Nallar, Rodolfo; Papp, Zsuzsanna; Epp, Tasha; Leighton, Frederick A.; Swafford, Seth R.; DeLiberto, Thomas J.; Dusek, Robert J.; Ip, Hon S.; Hall, Jeffrey S.; Berhane, Yohannes; Gibbs, Samantha E. J.; Soos, Catherine
Demographic and Spatiotemporal Patterns of Avian Influenza Infection at the Continental Scale, and in Relation to Annual Life Cycle of a Migratory Host Rodolfo Nallar , Zsuzsanna Papp , Tasha Epp, Frederick A. Leighton, Seth R. Swafford, Thomas J. DeLiberto, Robert J. Dusek, Hon S. Ip, Jeffrey Hall, Yohannes Berhane, Samantha E. J. Gibbs, Catherine Soos PLOS Published: June 25, 2015 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130662
Below is additional information related to avian influenza.
Date published: January 1, 2018
List of Species Affected by H5N1 (Avian Influenza)
List of species affected by H5N1 avian influenza (excel file).
Select TypeAPIsDroughtsWeb ApplicationEarthquakesData Management ToolsFloodsGeomagnetismGIS DataLandslidesRemote Land Sensing and LandsatScience DatasetsVolcanoesWaterReal-time DataWildfireOther
Below are photos related to avian influenza surveillance.
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Collecting a sample to test for Avian Influenza
Avian influenza among wild waterfowl is a concern among resource managers and owners of domestic fowl. The scientists take a sample to process at the lab.
Attribution: Western Ecological Research Center
International Avian Influenza Workshop
Participants of International Avian Influenza Workshop held at the USGS National Wildlife Health Center.
Attribution: National Wildlife Health Center
Blue-winged teal in Texas. Inset shows avian influenza virus
Attribution: Region 11: Alaska, Alaska Science Center
Testing for Avian Influenza
A USGS scientist takes a sample from a northern pintail duck (Anas acuta) to be tested for avian influenza.
Attribution: Ecosystems, Region 3: Great Lakes, National Wildlife Health Center
Below are news stories related to avian influenza.
Date published: December 4, 2017
Avian Flu From Abroad Can Spread in North American Poultry, Wild Birds
Some avian influenza, or bird flu, viruses that are able to enter North America from other continents through migrating birds can be deadly to poultry and can infect waterfowl populations, according to a recently published U.S. Geological Survey study.
Attribution: Ecosystems, National Wildlife Health Center
Avian Flu Testing of Wild Ducks Informs Biosecurity and Can Reduce Economic Loss
Ducks in North America can be carriers of avian influenza viruses similar to those found in a 2016 outbreak in Indiana that led to the losses of hundreds of thousands of chickens and turkeys, according to a recent study.
Attribution: Ecosystems, Region 11: Alaska, Alaska Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center
News and Notes from the USGS National Wildlife Health Center: Dec. 2016
Updates from the National Wildlife Health Center in December 2016. Read the newsletter here.
Date published: September 29, 2015
Much Ado about Avian Flu
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI), commonly referred to as bird flu, is making its way across North America.
Date published: April 2, 2015
Circulation of Highly Pathogenic Avian Flu in North American Birds
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5 viruses of Eurasian origin continue to circulate and evolve in North American wild birds.
USGS Statement Regarding Avian Flu Found in Washington State Green-Winged Teal
Some media are reporting that the Asian H5N1 strain of highly pathogenic avian influenza has now entered the United States. This is incorrect.
Highly Pathogenic H5 Avian Influenza Confirmed in Wild Birds in Washington State H5N2 Found in Northern Pintail Ducks & H5N8 Found in Captive Gyrfalcons
WASHINGTON, Dec. 17, 2014 — The United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) confirmed the presence of highly pathogenic (HPAI) H5 avian influenza in wild birds in Whatcom County, Washington.
Attribution: Region 9: Columbia-Pacific Northwest, National Wildlife Health Center
Avian Flu in Seals Could Infect People
The avian flu virus that caused widespread harbor seal deaths in 2011 can easily spread to and infect other mammals and potentially humans.
Sea Otters Can Get the Flu, Too
Northern sea otters living off the coast of Washington state were infected with the same H1N1 flu virus that caused the world-wide pandemic in 2009, according to a new U.S. Geological Survey and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention study.
Attribution: Ecosystems, Region 9: Columbia-Pacific Northwest, Alaska Science Center, National Wildlife Health Center, Western Ecological Research Center
Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza Transmitted During Summer in California Wetlands
Waterfowl in California can spread low pathogenic avian influenza viruses during summertime when wetland temperatures are warm and waterfowl densities are low, according to a recent U.S. Geological Survey study.
Below are partners associated with this project.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS)
Atlantic Flyway Council
Central Flyway Council
Mississippi Flyway Council
Pacific Flyway Council
National Flyways Council
Below are FAQs related to avian influenza.
How is avian influenza spread?
State and federal government experts continue to evaluate how Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) viruses can spread and impact wild and domestic birds. The global spread of HPAI subtype H5N8 has been driven in large part by migratory waterfowl. Knowledge about migratory patterns and intercontinental associations of waterfowl, as well as...
How do scientists study avian influenza in wild birds?
To learn more about the impacts of avian influenza on wild birds and the role wild birds may play in the spread of the virus, experts from government agencies have gathered samples from hundreds of thousands of live-captured, apparently healthy wild birds, hunter-harvested birds, and dead wild birds of all species. Testing methods include analyses...
Can people get avian influenza?
While rare, human infections with avian influenza viruses have occurred. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention considers the risk to the general public from HPAI H5 infections in wild birds, backyard flocks, and commercial poultry, to be low. To date, no humans or other mammals have shown signs of disease from the HPAI viruses found in...
Can wild birds spread avian influenza to domestic poultry?
Although it is possible for domestic poultry to become infected with avian influenza from direct contact with wild birds, it is more likely that avian influenza viruses are spread indirectly to poultry on contaminated feed, clothing, and equipment. Agricultural agencies encourage producers to prevent wild birds and other wildlife from coming into...
What is the difference between low pathogenic and highly pathogenic avian influenza?
The designation of low or highly pathogenic avian influenza refers to the potential for these viruses to kill chickens. The designation of "low pathogenic" or "highly pathogenic" does not refer to how infectious the viruses may be to humans, other mammals, or other species of birds. Most strains of avian influenza are not highly pathogenic and...
What is the meaning of the numbers next to the "H" and "N" in avian influenza designations?
Avian influenza (AI) viruses are classified by a combination of two groups of proteins: hemagglutinin or "H" proteins, of which there are 16 (H1 to H16), and neuraminidase or "N" proteins, of which there are nine (N1 to N9). Many different combinations of "H" and "N" proteins are possible. Each combination is considered a different subtype and can...
What are the different types of avian influenza?
Avian Influenza (AI) type A viruses are divided into subtypes based on two proteins on the surface of the virus: Hemagglutinin (HA), of which there are 16 subtypes (H1-H16) Neuraminidase (NA), of which there are 9 subtypes (N1-N9) Many combinations of HA and NA proteins are possible (i.e., H5N1, H5N2, H7N2, H7N8, etc). AI viruses are also...
What is Avian Influenza?
Avian influenza (AI) is caused by an influenza type A virus that can infect poultry such as chickens, turkeys, pheasants, quail, domestic ducks, geese, and guinea fowl. It is carried by wild waterfowl (ducks and geese) and shorebirds. Learn more at the USGS Avian Influenza website .


We all know there is a court reporter shortage. Many court reporters are aging, nearing retirement, and there are not enough graduates in line to replace them. To compound the situation, the number of accredited schools has diminished considerably around the country due to low graduation rates and decreased enrollment.
Needless to say, NCRA is pushing to rectify this situation through their Court Reporting, Take Note campaign, which can be found at http://www.crtakenote.com. NCRA is heavily promoting court reporting as a career that offers flexible hours, job security, character building, and an average starting salary of $45,000.
So when I see ads or news reports touting $100,000 salaries, I cringe. Court reporting can be a lucrative career, especially if you are a top-tier professional, but luring potential students into this vocation thinking that $100,000 salaries are the norm I think is irresponsible. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics figures for May of 2012, the top ten percent of reporters earned $90,530, the bottom ten percent earned $24,790, and the mean salary was $48,160.
If you are contemplating becoming a court reporter, it is important that you not base your decision on potential earnings alone. Before one dime is invested in your education, you should honestly evaluate how you stack up in terms of temperament, skill set, and work ethic, all qualities addressed in a previous blog. With that in mind, there are other things to consider: How much time will you realistically have to devote to your studies? Do you work full time? Do you have challenges in your personal life, such as child/elder care or your own health issues? All these factors could prove distracting and could potentially delay or even derail your goal of graduating in a timely fashion.
Yes, $100,000 salaries are certainly attainable, but the reporters earning those incomes by and large have NCRA's RMR, RDR, and CRR certifications. These designations have been earned over the course of their careers, not upon graduation.


text:
A German Energy Crowdfunding Startup That Aims To Make Community Energy Easy
Originally published on RenewEconomy
by Chris Cooper
Germany's energy crowd-funding start-up CrowdEner.gy aims to make community energy easy. But recent government changes to the feed-in-tariff have made it a difficult market. I met their founder, Dr Peer Piske, to see how they might adjust their strategy.
Dr Peer Piske founded Berlin based energy crowdfunding start-up, CrowdEner.gy with the aim to create a platform which would let all Germans access community energy investment projects.
"Having worked many years in solar around the world, my family and friends would often ask how they could also benefit from such projects. So I created CrowdEner.gy in 2013".
Peer also saw a potential target market in energy co-operatives, who could bring their capital raising activities 'online' via the Crowdener.gy website.
CrowdEner.gy's first operating year was promising, with 4 small commercial solar projects successfully raising almost €200,000 (A$320,000) in equity crowd-funded projects. Investors are promised a 5 – 8% target return on investment by investing in the specially established project co-operatives, which CrowdEner.gy helps set up and maintain.
German energy co-operatives facing new challenges
What Peer didn't foresee, however, was that the bottom would fall out of the solar energy sector almost as quickly as he began.
"There are simply no new projects happening in Germany right now for co-operatives."
The level of co-operative registrations in 2014 dropped to to just 29 co-operatives, down from an average of 150 per year from 2009-2013. The government's recent reductions in feed-in-tariff support are largely to blame.
Travelling through Germany, it is clear that the solar market now faces even more challenging market conditions than what we have in Australia. Uncertain support for utility solar projects means that smaller 'behind-the-meter' projects are the only ones which could potentially stack up. Harder for the German's is the fact that there is 30-60% more sunshine in Australia and, even worse, energy sold via third-party ownership models are also subject to the €0.06/kWh (10c/kWh) energy tax, even if it is located on the same premises.
According to Peer, such projects are not commercially viable once you factor in the additional costs of running a co-operative.
"It's tight. Co-operative members are no long motivated to volunteer time in running the project. We thought they would be more engaged. So if you factor in director payments it doesn't make sense anymore in Germany."
At the same time, a sustained attack on the reputation of renewable energy was making it harder to find investors for this asset class.
"Renewable energy used to be welcomed as a positive impact investment. But that perception is changing amongst a large segment of the investor community", said Peer. "Investors are frightened off because of political uncertainty".
A new strategy for CrowdEner.gy
But Peer is still hopeful. CrowdEner.gy is pivoting to overseas markets, such as Tanzania, Kenya and the Philippines to find profitable projects for German citizen investors.
"We are building up a pipeline of solar projects in developing markets which I hope can yield 12 to 15% internal rate of return over a shorter time period, say 5 years. Particularly if there is a positive story behind the project, such as a school or hospital, we think this could really interest investors and fill a gap in the market."
CrowdEner.gy Dossier
www.crowdener.gy
Launched: 2014
What is it? Online platform for crowd-funding of renewable energy projects in Germany and abroad
Value offering:
Allows new co-operatives to raise funding online and reach more investors
Helps co-operative set up project legals and administers projects on behalf of co-operative
Allows investors to find and invest in renewable energy projects
Revenue mechanisms: 5-10% comission on the capital raise of projects. No ongoing management fee for existing projects.
Seed funding? No
Current project turnover: approx €200,000 (A$320,000).
Target Turnover: €1m per year
This is just one story in a series written by Cooper from his travels. Please click on the Citizen Power tag line to read more.
In this article:Community Energy, Crowdfunding, german, Germany
Written By Guest Contributor
We publish a number of guest posts from experts in a large variety of fields. This is our contributor account for those special people, organizations, agencies, and companies.
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Suppose you had ten minutes to spare to help the bi movement, not every day or every week, just now and again… what could you do?
This originally appeared in BCN issue 82.
Suppose you had a bit more time than that and could give over a day, once every few months….
So you get hooked by the activism bug and decide that you can give it a day or a night once each month….
Do lots of the things that take ten minutes or an hour!
Jen blogs about her bi volunteering (and other things) here.
Other ideas welcome – use our website's feedback form.


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Are you feeling confused? Anxious? Worried about diabetes?
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text:
Synthetic population study offers new strategy for controlling epidemics in big cities
Influenza places a huge burden upon society, both physically and economically. It is estimated that influenza costs the United States economy over $87 billion annually.
In a large city like Washington, D.C., with about 50,000 visitors on any given day who stay for just a few days, there is a constant influx of new people who are susceptible to infections. Further, they visit highly populated tourist destinations, where they come into contact with other visitors as well as residents. Disease can spread quickly.
"We built a detailed synthetic population model of Washington, D.C., including transient populations: tourists, business travelers," said Samarth Swarup, an applied computer scientist at the institute. "Our computational model shows that an influenza epidemic can be much worse when we take the impact of transients into account."
Researchers used EpiSimdemics, an interaction-based, high-performance computing simulation software program to simulate the spread of a flu-like disease in the Washington, D.C., metro area.
The Network Dynamics and Simulation Science Laboratory integrates analytical and computational research across diverse domains to develop synthetic information systems and analytical methods to understand very large, complex systems. Investigators perform basic research and develop informatics technology.
The simulations determined whether closing the area's main museums for varying durations would affect the spread of the illness, and also whether the spread of the illness was slowed if healthy behaviors, such as covering coughs and using hand sanitizers, were encouraged at these main tourist destinations.
They also analyzed the spread of the epidemic and derived the average number of contacts per day, per individual, and the average duration per contact.
Their studies revealed that by encouraging healthy behaviors at locations of high mixing, such as the museums of the Smithsonian Institution, the outbreak size could be significantly reduced, and the peak of the epidemic could be significantly reduced and delayed. It turns out that this is much better than simply closing the museums for a few days a kind of "social distancing" intervention, which seems to have no effect on the epidemic.
Researchers say the findings, which appeared in November in the journal Scientific Reports, can be used for policy recommendations, such as promoting the use of hand sanitizers in museums.
"That in turn would offer the opportunity to conduct a field experiment to validate our model against actual epidemic and intervention data," Swarup said.
The research was supported in part by Defense Threat Reduction Agency contract HDTRA1-11-D-0016-0001, the National Institutes of Health and National Institute of General Medical Sciences Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study grant 2U01GM070694-09, and National Science Foundation grant SES-0729441.
A university-level Research Institute of Virginia Tech, the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute was established in 2000 with an emphasis on informatics of complex interacting systems scaling the microbiome to the entire globe. It helps solve challenges posed to human health, security, and sustainability. Headquartered at the Blacksburg campus, the institute occupies 154,600 square feet in research facilities, including state-of-the-art core laboratory and high-performance computing facilities, as well as research offices in the Virginia Tech Research Center in Arlington, Va.
Written by Emily Kale.
John David Pastor
jdpastor@vt.edu
Tiffany L Trent
ttrent@vt.edu
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text:
Q: Tika parser python with Docker giving RuntimeError: Details: Unable to start Tika server Without Docker the scripts are able to parse the pdf files using tika.
But however when I'm trying with Docker..I get the following error for the tika server not running: with some reading I tried the following - but the error persists.
Can some please help?
I'm attaching the Dockerfile in the end and listing the docker containers that are running -

*

*docker pull apache/tika

*docker run -d -p 9998:9998 apache/tika

*cat Dockerfile (listing in the end)

*docker build -t docker_parser .

*docker run docker_parser

*docker ps -a

    CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS                    NAMES

    8ff9fd3d0a84        docker_parser       "python ./scripts/..."   2 days ago          Exited (0) 4 minutes ago                            adoring_mestorf

    fdf132926c61        apache/tika         "/bin/sh -c 'java ..."   2 days ago          Up 6 minutes               0.0.0.0:9998->9998/tcp   optimistic_ride

*Dockerfile:

    FROM python:3

    RUN pip3 install --upgrade pip requests
    RUN pip3 install python-docx tika numpy pandas

    RUN mkdir scripts
    RUN mkdir pdfs
    RUN mkdir output

    ADD runner.py /scripts/
    ADD header_parser.py /scripts/
    ADD keyword_parser.py /scripts/

    ADD *.pdf /pdfs/

    CMD [ "python", "./scripts/runner.py" ]

8. Error in the code:
 sentence_parser Oops!  Error Type:   occured. Details:  Unable to start Tika server.  Error Type:   at line: 156

A: Looks like you haven't specified a link between the containers, so tika-python isn't able to connect to port 9998. You could add Java in the docker_parser container and let it host Tika Server, otherwise you'll need to link the containers.
If you want to use the two images, you can either use the --link option on Docker CLI at run time, or build a network (docker network create) and attach the two containers together (docker network connect). I normally use docker-compose to make these kind of things easier and specify the links there.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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BRAND NEW PVD CHROME COATING - PVD COMES WITH A 5 YEAR WARRANTYSAME COATING COMPANY THAT DOES THESE FOR FORD, AND THIS COATING ISHAS BETTER DURABILITY. WE OFF A 5 YEAR WARRANTYON THIS FINISH.


This essay helped me get accepted into UC Berkeley and UCSD - Tell us about a personal quality, talent, accomplishment, contribution or experience that is important to you. What about this quality or accomplishment makes you proud, and how does it relate to the person you are?
Guitar is the extracurricular activity that has helped me grow the most as an individual. A lot of my other activities are easy for me, but not playing guitar. I don't have the same natural talent in guitar that I have in things like martial arts. I have to put in a lot of practice time to be successful in music. I've learned that there's no substitute for hard work, because sometimes, a person can't get by on talent alone. When I feel overwhelmed, it's a huge help to have my guitar as an outlet for stress. Music is relaxing for me, and that makes it an intensely personal experience. I get nervous when I perform for other people, almost as if they could hear my most private thoughts and feelings.
In the summer of 2010, I was my school's delegate to the National Youth Leadership Council (NYLC) in Washington, D.C. I was apprehensive about going at first, because at 10 days, it was the longest I had ever stayed somewhere without my mother. I had little reason to worry though; my counselors and the other kids were really helpful and welcoming.
Due to my family's financial limitations, we don't get to travel very often. I've never been able to visit a foreign country, even though Mexico isn't more than a couple hours away. For the first time, I met people from all over the country. I was introduced to so many different perspectives, perspectives I had never imagined existed (like people who call soda "pop").
me, since I had a history of being shy and reclusive. Friends at home had pressured me into getting a Facebook, but I always refused and told myself I had no interest in social media. But at NYLC I found myself able to open up and expand my circle of friendship to include many more people, genuine friends from every corner of the country.
It was quickly apparent that I lived a sheltered life. When we discussed our communities with each other, I learned that many of the other kids came from neighborhoods with endemic gang violence or drug problems. A lot of them had friends who had been beaten or raped. I thought about how fortunate I was to live in California. I couldn't imagine that kind of thing ever happening in my hometown. If these kids could come from such gritty places and still be the young leaders of their communities, I knew that I couldn't complain about the relatively paltry issues in my own community. If they could deal with drugs and violence as a part of everyday life, I could never give up in the face of my own challenges. Being exposed to them and learning their stories taught me more than I ever could have learned in a classroom or from a book. The confidence I gained from my participation in leadership and team-building activities in NYLC has helped me both in school and my life outside the classroom. I am more sure of myself and I feel better about my decisions. Above all, I learned that no one has to be powerless; each of us has a voice.
Read more College Admission Essays and Scholarship Essay Examples.
Thank you for sharing your UC admission essay example. Best of luck to you.


Schadenfreude is pleasure derived from the misfortunes of others. It's a fairly obscure term, but I've used it twice before when writing about Lenny Wilkens' horrible performance in New York and Justin Gatlin getting caught using steroids. Now, I'm using it again.
Bob Clarke is out as General Manager of the Philadelphia Flyers. They're off to a horrid 1-6-1 start and have the fewest points in the NHL. After resigning, Clarke said, "I deeply regret not being able to bring a Stanley Cup here. I didn't deliver."
This isn't about Clarke as a player. Although I've only seen clips of him on tape, I'm sure he was a great little player and I know he led the Flyers to two Stanley Cups in the 70s. Although I've never been comfortable with what he did to Valeri Kharlamov in the Summit Series, I'm sure I would have liked Bobby Clarke the player. It's Bob Clarke the General Manager of the Flyers that I couldn't stand.
In the late 90s, he was ruthless with Eric Lindros and continually toyed with Pat Quinn throughout 2001. He's always been a grade A jerk from a previous era who didn't deserve any success as GM. Thankfully, the Flyers never won it all and now they're in the basement and Clarke is burned out.
Germans invented the term schadenfreude for incidents like this. Feel free to use it regularly, but always use it with caution.


Kathleen had to have surgery today, and due to the requirements of it, we had to go to the West L.A. Kaiser hospital. They said it would take 2-3 hours, and that I should be available during that time. Since just sitting in the waiting room is just excruciating, I made sure they had my cell phone number, and I brought my bike along to scout out some possible sightseeing for the Sunday morning bike club ride.
Since we've done a couple of rides to see different aspects of the history of the Los Angeles oil fields, I've done a bit of reading about this. And I ran across an article about fracking wastewater disposal that mentioned polluted water bubbling up out of the ground in a dog park on the west side of L.A. They weren't very specific about where it was, and when I finally tracked it down, it turned out to actually be in Culver City. But as it turns out, this is just a couple of miles from the Kaiser West L.A. facility, so I had my first sightseeing destination.
To get there, I rode down Venice Blvd, which isn't nearly as bad as it sounds like it would be on a Thursday morning. There is a bike lane, and it was really only a problem going under the big bridge under construction for the Metro Expo Line. Then I turned on Culver Blvd and rode over to the park in Culver City. There was a line of pawprints painted on the sidewalk marking the way to the dog park. When I got there, it was an acre or so of dirt, complete with oil wells pumping away just up the hillside beyond the fence. There was also a little fenced-in enclosure across the street from the entrance, with humming equipment inside that was pretty obviously something to do with the oil field.
Another recent sightseeing theme on the Sunday morning ride was to see the Mulholland Dam and the Hollywood Reservoir. This came out of having gone to a talk about the St. Francis Dam disaster in 1928, which is considered to be one of the worst civil engineering failures of the 20th century. During that talk, they mentioned that the dam collapse is largely forgotten in Los Angeles, possibly because all the death and destruction it caused happened far outside the city. So during the question-and-answer period, I asked the panel to compare this to the 1963 Baldwin Hills Dam collapse, which is also kind of forgotten, even though it happened within the Los Angeles city limits, just about 8 miles west of downtown. They said that they thought that that was probably because of the combination of the fact that the destruction it caused was much less than the St. Francis Dam, and also because it happened in December, 1963, just weeks after the Kennedy assassination. In any event, I've wanted to go see the site of the Baldwin Hills Dam for some time now, and it's only a few miles east of Culver City and the dog park. And to add to the connection, the prevailing thinking now is that the dam collapse was probably caused by ground subsidence due to operations in the Inglewood oil field just south of the reservoir. The remains of the dam and the bowl of the reservoir have since been landscaped and turned into Kenneth Hahn State Recreation Area.
So I rode over to Baldwin Hills, and I headed up a street that looked like it might lead to a way in to the park. The main entrance to the park is on La Cienega Blvd, but on the section that was built decades ago as a section of the planned Laurel Canyon Freeway. Even though it's officially just a street, I really don't want to be riding my bike on the freeway, so I was looking for another way in to the park. I rode up a steep hill to a place where I had a good look at the former dam, complete with the dip in the wall where it broke. I continued on up to the end of the street, where there was a locked gate. So I asked someone who was out walking in the neighborhood. She said that she thought there was a way in off the street on the other side of the former reservoir, so I rode back down the hill and up the other side, only to find more locked gates. I finally did find a gap in the fence with that looked like a goat path that may have led into the park. But that's not really what I was looking for. The only lesson I can draw from this is that for some reason, the powers that be REALLY, REALLY don't want people to come to this park by bicycle. Still, I did get a pretty good view in through the gates to see the nicely landscaped bowl of the former reservoir.
On my way back down the hill, my phone made some noise. It was a message from the nurse that Kathleen's operation was nearly done, and that everything had gone well. So I headed back to the hospital. As I'd learned back in 2007, going for a bike ride is a good way to pass the time while waiting for these sorts of things. So it worked out well for both of us.