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Ficticities
Exploring Hybrid Ecosystems
Writers' Syndicate
The Metaphysics of Authorial Presence
January 3, 2018 May 8, 2020 ~ John Doyle
Of Grammatology, one of Derrida's earliest works, is in part an apologetics of writing in response to a long historical preference for the spoken word.
Spoken words are the symbols of mental experience and written words are the symbols of spoken words. – Aristotle
A persistent attribute of Western thinking is the "metaphysics of presence." Truths are eternal, but in temporal human existence the eternal manifests itself as presence. Humans live in the present; therefore any eternally true idea has to make itself known in the present. The true idea appears before our conscious minds in the immediacy of our thinking of it. Truth is eternal logos; speech is verbal representation of logos. Once truth comes to mind it can immediately be spoken. Speech and thought are nearly inseparable in time; there is no delay between thinking an idea and speaking it. Speech is characterized by presence: it is produced in the ongoing stream of moments that characterize human existence. Consequently speech has been regarded as the most authentic way of representing truth. Writing is deferred speech: there is a delay between the thought and the hand's inscription of the words representing the thought. Writing, being not present, is not as "true" as speech.
Derrida observes other aspects of speech that lend it authority and priority. Historically, spoken language emerged before writing. Children learn to speak before they learn to write. Writing is tangibly external: it requires inscribing marks on a material surface in the world, a world that is not eternal or ideal. Speech is internal, produced inside the mouth and throat; it comes out with the breath that is intrinsic to living. I hear myself at the same time that I speak. Speech takes place in the presence of a listener, whereas text might not be read until long after it was written, if ever. Speech is present, immaterial, transparent, alive.
Recently our daughter took me to a Zombies concert – they were her boss's tickets, but he was out of town so he couldn't make the show. I know quite a few of their songs from the sixties, but they had disbanded after a very short run in the spotlight. They recorded an album just before they broke up, but it failed to chart. The band members went their separate musical ways, rapidly fading into public obscurity aside from the occasional airplay of their hit singles on oldies radio. It turns out though that over the subsequent decades that last Zombies album, Odessey (sic) and Oracle, gradually gained a cult following until now it is regarded as a kind of alt-pop classic.
The reunited band drew a full house, a thousand or more fans filling the vintage downtown auditorium. Though admittedly dominated by old-timers, the audience spanned an astonishingly wide age range, including youngsters who probably find it odd, maybe even a bit disrespectful, to remain seated at a concert rather than jumping up and down directly in front of the stage. After intermission the Zombies played their now-famous album in its entirety, it being the fiftieth anniversary since its original release. Was it just showmanship on display, or did those old musicians enjoy playing and singing their old music together as much as it appeared that they did, performing with practiced self-assurance and receiving with gratitude the exuberant audience response? A lyric from one of the album tracks: This will be our year, took a long time to come. It was hard to avoid making the obvious remark as we walked back to the parking garage: the audience brought the Zombies back to life.
The band had broken up before the album dropped so they never played the songs live: now, here they were, fifty years later, playing it start to finish on a multi-stop American tour. Not only would they play the songs; the keyboard player explained that the band would perform the entire album note for note. The original recording included some overdubs and multitracks, so in order to match the record's sound in live performance several backup singers and musicians were brought onstage. At times the keyboardist performed his part on a vintage Mellotron, an electronic instrument that John Lennon left behind in the studio after the Beatles finished recording their Sgt. Pepper's album, an instrument that the Zombies "borrowed" for their own sessions. Mostly though the band member used a synthesizer to simulate the original Mellotron sound. After playing a few songs he announced the end of side one – time to flip the record over.
They sounded just like they did in the sixties, enthused a Facebook post written by a friend of my wife's who also attended the concert. Not to my ears they didn't. The same band members may have exhibited the same level of musicianship, they may have played the exact same notes, but their live performance of the album did not sound the same as the album. The amplification and the acoustics combined to produce a rock concert, and a good one; the album, by contrast, is a kind of baroque pop suite, its subtlety and timbre more suited to an unplugged chamber ensemble.
The band and the audience converged in time and space to celebrate an audio recording made fifty years ago. We had front row seats, retail price $180 apiece. I never bought the Zombies album that was simulated note for note in the concert, but I can still listen to it anytime I want for free on the Internet. That's why bands go on tour: when people can listen to the records for free, the only way the musicians can make money is to perform before a live audience. Just like in the good old days before radios and phonographs.
Derrida doesn't try to argue that writing is as close to the moment, as present, as speech is. Rather, he directs his critique against presence itself. He doesn't try to step out of the moment into eternity; instead, he embeds presence in a broader temporal and spatial context, undermining it from within.
The movements of deconstruction do not destroy structures from the outside. They are not possible and effective, nor can they take accurate aim, except by inhabiting those structures. Inhabiting them in a certain way, because one always inhabits, and all the more when one does not expect it
– Jacques Derrida, Of Grammatology, 1967
While you're reading you might sometimes feel as though the writer is speaking directly to you, even though you know it's not so. The relation between reader and writer is heavily mediated – by text, by time, by distance. Suppose you go to a public reading. The author, speaking aloud the words she had previously written, happens to meet your glance as you listen. Is the author speaking directly to you now? After the reading you approach the writer at the dais, telling her how much you admire her work. The writer replies, flexing her larynx to generate sound waves, shaping them with buccal and laryngeal muscles before launching them through the air. After a short but measurable delay those sound waves hit your eardrum, causing vibrations of corresponding frequencies. Are you hearing the writer speak, or are you hearing the narrow radial segments of sound waves being propagated through the air that happen to strike your eardrums? The eardrum's vibrations are transmitted at a rapid but measurable speed through the auditory nerves to the brain, activating the various language processing areas in your cortex which, after a brief but measurable delay, translate these vibrations into comprehensible language. Is the author speaking directly to you now? The writer's voice is electronically amplified and transmitted via radio waves; the signal is received on someone's computer 3 thousand miles away. The writer's vocalizations are recorded and stored, then retransmitted 3 months later, 3 years later, 30 years later, after the writer has died…
In deconstructing the metaphysics of presence Derrida leans heavily on Heidegger, who contended that human existence isn't a continuous presence, a perpetual living in the moment, but is rather a duration. Being in time means being embedded in an interval whose temporal horizons stretch into the past and the future. It means having been born in a particular place and time and inevitably dying in some unpredictable place and time. These horizons inevitably influence the way we live in the moment. Ideas aren't always present either; they take shape from prior ideas and memories, work themselves out, come to fruition, become transformed into different ideas. Ideas have history and trajectory — just like human lives. The present moment is only a trace of temporal duration as it moves from the past into future.
Again from Heidegger, Derrida rejects interiority as a criterion for truth. For humans, to be is to be in the world. In earthly existence there can be no transcendence of materiality, of incarnation, of place. The Western metaphysics of presence isn't just temporal; it's also spacial: it presumes the direct presence of eternal truths before the mind. But if being means being-in, then human truths, like human beings, are in the world. To uncover truths in the world requires investigation, movement, interaction with the world in its extension.
Truths, rather than being always already present in the mind, move through space and time. Truths are dynamic, taking shape not only in the unchangeable and the atemporal, but also in the play of differences across space and time. There are irreducible differences between idea and word, word and speech, speaking and hearing. Human thought depends on memory, which is the trace of past moments inscribed on the mind — so in a way even memory is exterior to thought. Likewise the signifiers of language are inscribed in memory — so speech depends on the temporal delay between learning the language and using it.
I'm not sure whether I've experienced it personally but I've heard others claim that, as readers, their engagement in fictional narratives is made more vibrant by their empathic identification with the characters. For me it's more like I come to know the characters, my curiosity and concern being activated by a virtual relationship with them, or perhaps by my immersion in the fictional life space they occupy. Whether it's identification or relation, the link between reader and fictional character is itself a fiction, because those fictional characters aren't real. And what about when the reader forms a virtual relationship with or – heaven forfend – identifies with the author? Is this connection more real or less real than the reader's fictional alliance with the characters?
I pick up Proust where I left off a couple of months ago:
My mother was asleep when, after engaging a room for Albertine on a different floor, I entered my own.
Though uncharacteristically short and direct, this sentence is embedded in the fictional ambiguity of the work as a whole. Whose sentence is it: Marcel the narrator's, or Marcel the author's? And now I'm thinking about an episode in one of my own fictions: a dinner at a Mexican restaurant in which a conversation unfolds between two characters, an unpublished writer and his cinematographer friend who recently expatriated to Italy along with his wife and children. Is this an imaginary event involving imaginary characters, or is it a thinly disguised recounting of an actual conversation I once had with a real friend of mine at a real Mexican restaurant – a friend who happened to call just last night, the night before he moves back to Italy for good (again)? If in my text I was chronicling an actual conversation, then would that text seem more authentic, a more direct communication with the reader, if I assigned to the two conversing characters their real nonfictional names?
In a Heideggerian framework presence no longer has priority over deferral and spacing. Material that is immediately available to consciousness doesn't take precedence over material retrieved from memory or self-reflection or investigation. Speaking/listening isn't a more authentic means of communication than writing/reading. Derrida doesn't propose that writing take precedence over speech, that reflection dominate spontaneity. Rather, he calls for an end to the represssion of pluri-dimensional symbolic thought. All conceivable ways of thinking and communicating should be explored and encouraged to the fullest.
Implications? In psychotherapy, it might be less important to close the gap between client and therapist. Therapy need not concentrate solely on the present moment of client-therapist conversation; memories, dreams, reflections, even writings, can find a place in the therapeutic relationship. In Biblical study, the spatio-temporal gap between writer and reader can become a source of meaning rather than just an obstacle. And an event in which God's presence was experienced in real time doesn't necessarily take priority over the event's subsequent commemoration in text.
In the old days an author wrote or typed a book on paper, so the typeset and printed copies distributed by a publisher constituted a more polished version of the original manuscript. I write my books on a computer. A downloaded computer file of one of my books is a lot closer to the original manuscript than is a printed and bound replica. Original written or typed manuscripts of famous books fetch a lot of money at auction. After contemporary celebrated authors pass from the scene, will their heirs sell the hard drives on which their forebears wrote their famous books?
The segments in this post addressing Derrida's ideas on presence were cut and pasted from a post on my old Ktismatics blog: Derrida and the Metaphysics of Presence, posted 18 April 2007. That single 11-year-old post, on a blog that's been inactive for nearly 4 years, has been viewed more often over the past 30 days than all 27 Ficticities posts combined. Now there's 28.
Posted in Writers' Syndicate	HousesLibraries
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7 thoughts on "The Metaphysics of Authorial Presence"
erdman31 says:
Good post. It continues a discussion we have been having, going back at least as far as the original Derrida post, regarding virtual reality.
As we sort of anticipated, humans are living more and more of their lives online. The younger one is, the more time is spent on a screen, in a form of virtual reality. We may be getting closer to Huxley's world, and I don't say that as a Jeremiad. I wonder about it more in terms of neurobiology. We evolved as animals whose bodies were connected with the outside/natural/real world in an intimate way. Survival depended on a large range of skills that all connected our senses to the otside world.
So, I'll reference Harari:
"The flourishing field of evolutionary psychology argues that many of our present-day social and psychological characteristics were shaped during this long pre-agricultural era. Even today, scholars in this field claim, our brains and minds are adapted to a life of hunting and gathering. Our eating habits, our conflicts and our sexuality are all the result of the way our hunter-gatherer minds interact with our current post-industrial environment, with its mega-cities, aeroplanes, telephones and computers. This environment gives us more material resources and longer lives than those enjoyed by any previous generation, but it often makes us feel alienated, depressed and pressured. To understand why, evolutionary psychologists argue, we need to delve into the hunter-gatherer world that shaped us, the world that we subconsciously still inhabit…."
Life for the hunter-gatherer was a sensory rich experience:
"Sapiens did not forage only for food and materials. They foraged for knowledge as well. To survive, they needed a detailed mental map of their territory. To maximise the efficiency of their daily search for food, they required information about the growth patterns of each plant and the habits of each animal. They needed to know which foods were nourishing, which made you sick, and how to use others as cures. They needed to know the progress of the seasons and what warning signs preceded a thunderstorm or a dry spell. They studied every stream, every walnut tree, every bear cave, and every flint-stone deposit in their vicinity. Each individual had to understand how to make a stone knife, how to mend a torn cloak, how to lay a rabbit trap, and how to face avalanches, snakebites or hungry lions. Mastery of each of these many skills required years of apprenticeship and practice. The average ancient forager could turn a flint stone into a spear point within minutes. When we try to imitate this feat, we usually fail miserably. Most of us lack expert knowledge of the flaking properties of flint and basalt and the fine motor skills needed to work them precisely. In other words, the average forager had wider, deeper and more varied knowledge of her immediate surroundings than most of her modern descendants…"
Harari notes that some academics speculate that our minds may have shrunk since the hunter-gatherer days. Whether that's true or not I don't know. What I'm more concerned about is our biology. Will technology continue to uncover new and deeper neurotic disorders, the further we move from our sensual engagement with nature.
It's a question of neurobiology, perhaps, and not of metaphysics or perhaps not even of language. It's also a question of happiness. Perhaps we do not grow more neurotic, but can we be happy if we move farther and farther from sensual engagement with the world outside of our screens?
Ficticities says:
Derrida highlights one particular and ancient form of virtual reality: text. "It's sunny and cold outside." That sentence is a simulation; the sentence itself isn't sunny and cold and outside. But even if you were sitting here in Durham and I were to say to you "It's sunny and cold outside," that verbal remark is still a simulation — a virtual reality — not the real reality it describes. But it's presumably a reliable simulation: based solely on my spoken assertion you might well put on a coat before heading out the door for a walk, even without confirming that my statement is accurate. I.e., you would prepare for going outdoors by regarding the virtual reality of my sentence as corresponding to the physical reality it describes.
The Zombies concert illustrates the sort of inversion between virtual reality and real reality that Derrida likes to highlight. The recorded album came first; it wasn't until 50 years later that the band simulated the reality of that recording in a live performance.
I'll get back to your discussion of evo psych later, but in the meantime… Humans co-evolved with spoken language. I recall Harari contending that humans learned to talk so they could gossip. Be that as it may, from birth humans are immersed in an ecosystem suffused with language, in which people use vocalizations to describe things that are present, as well as things that are absent and things that are imaginary. I.e., humans spend a great portion of their time occupying a virtual reality comprised of spoken language. This is true also of the hunter-gatherers.
Gossip might be true or false, but either way it is virtual — descriptions and interpretations of events rather than the events themselves. But gossip can also have material impacts on those being gossiped about, enhancing or detracting from their reputations and power within the community. The virtual reality of gossip can precede and have effects on material reality of social relations.
"Survival depended on a large range of skills that all connected our senses to the otside world."
That's still true, though the outside world is different now: paved roads, cars, traffic signals, grocery stores, office buildings… Is the modern world more alienating by having been transformed so thoroughly by human invention and intervention? Following on from the preceding post about accelerationism, Marx regarded not technology but capitalism as the source of modern alienation. Stone knives, rabbit traps, spears — those are technologies too. Humans have innate abilities that enable them to master these technologies with practice, but that's true also of mastering screen technologies, driving cars, balancing checkbooks, writing novels.
I don't doubt that the external material environment I live in is less complex, requiring less adaptive skill and learning, than is the external environment of hunter-gatherers. But overall the modern world is I think more complex, requiring longer apprenticeships, in order to master the artificial environment in which we're immersed. Certainly most of the artifice is produced and used in a capitalistic milieu of division of labor and commodification., so it's hard to imagine the artifice transported into a different economic system.
I agree that we are still engaged with our environment, whether that is breal" or "virtual," we are engaged, but my question has to do with the manner with which we engage. In concerned with HOW we engage. If we evolved to engage using our five senses in very keen and sharp ways, then perhaps there are consequences for us since we now primarily engage the world visually and mentally.
So when a couch potato starts jogging everyday, s/he starts to feel a mental health benefit. Our bodies evolved for intense physical activity, so when we don't engage the physical body, we aren't doing what we evolved to do and hence there are consequences.
Taking it further, we evolved to be absorbed in nature with a very rich sensual immersion, as per the Harari quote. Like other animals, we developed subtle sense organs, which we used all day every day. Now we mostly sit around and think and look at screens. I'm not saying that's "bad" or even "inferior," nor am I suggesting that everyone ought to go jogging everyday. (Some people hate jogging and rather prefer lounging on the couch.) I'm just wondering if we aren't severely underestimating the neurological toll that our new and modern way of life has on our mental health.
To extend this a bit, it may be that VR technology can stimulate our senses in the same way. Perhaps one day we'll log into a VR program that simulates a hunt for a mammoth, then spend all day on an epic adventure – running and leaping and fully engaged in a rich sense experience. Think Star Trek hologram room, that sort of thing.
The VR technology they have now is pretty damn trippy, or so I hear. Maybe that will be the key to capitalist control in the future: only the privileged get to hunt mammoths. Or maybe that will be the reward for workers once eco systems start to collapse. I think there was a Black Mirror episode to that effect.
You're no doubt right: modern humans are a pretty flabby and sluggish lot compared to our evolutionary forebears. I've got no strong views on whether humans would be better off as hunter-gatherers. Humans have remarkable levels of neuroplasticity, enabling them to adapt to all sorts of environments even though their physical strength and speed and sensory acuity is kind of pathetic compared to other apex predators. They're great at inventing tools and schemes to compensate for their physical limitations, and they're even better at imitating adaptations invented by others. Meanwhile, our cat seems plenty well adapted to a life of indoor leisure, relying on his human colony-mates to keep his food bowl filled while he lies around all day. He'll go dashing around the house from time to time, but clearly it's just for fun and exercise.
Hunter-gatherers might have had more leisure time than do most people in the industrial world, but again that seems largely an artifact of capitalism — the investors have plenty of time and money to go off on mammoth hunting safaris. It's also an artifact of population growth. Infant mortality, disease, and warfare kept populations small enough to support the hunter-gathering lifestyle; if your tribe got too big you could head out for unsettled territories. Farming takes a lot more time, but it also supports a bigger population. It is odd that anybody can make a living doing work that doesn't directly support physical survival. It's also curious that in contemporary society the wealthy tend to be in better physical shape than the poor: better nutrition plus more aerobic exercise, not out of necessity but for lifestyle enhancement. And the wealthy have fewer children; most of the population growth is happening in Asia and Africa.
Linking back to Derrida, the evolutionary environment has left its traces written in human DNA, and those traces persist in the human psyche hundreds of thousands of years later. The individual human's duration doesn't extend only from birth to death; it extends all the way back through all preceding generations to genetic Adam and Eve. Does the individual human duration also extend forward, into the species's future? Certainly humans plan ahead, and they anticipate the consequences of their actions on possible future scenarios that might unfold in their own lifespans. Procreation and childrearing are DNA-programmed traces that spawn and nurture subsequent generations of the species. Contemporary concerns about climate change and destruction of natural habitat and automation of work and continued consolidation of wealth at the top of the pyramid, research into curing diseases and extending the human lifespan and exploring other planets: these are collective human endeavors that extend the time horizon beyond one's own individual lifetime.
I don't know whether hunter-gatherers were more conscious of their collective past than late-capitalist society is. The preservation of traditions and the honoring of ancestors suggest that they were. Nowadays people tend to regard each generation, or even half a generation, as something unprecedented. Innovation is valorized — think it up, build it, burn it down, rinse and repeat — even though it's clear that the new always contains within itself traces of the generations of innovations preceding it. How about the collective future? Did hunter-gatherers envision not just individual life after death but a whole thriving and growing population of dead ancestors, whose world needed to be honored by the living and into whose number one expected to enter after death? Probably.
Despite the huge worldwide population of humanity there's still enough food to go around. In a socialist economy people could return to the shortened hunter-gatherer workweek, with plenty of leisure time on their hands after meeting basic survival needs of themselves, their progeny, and their elderly. Does the evolutionary trace of hunting-gathering cause humans to believe that working for survival is what gives their lives meaning? Or is it the evolutionary trace of leisure that causes humans to work for the weekend and after-hours amusements and retirement? Either way, capitalism exploits these genetic traces for the benefit of the investors.
Writers' Syndicate Pamphlets
Postcapitalist Fictions: Outline for an Experimental Agenda — Pamphlet 0
Postcapitalist Houses: Writing Precariously — Pamphlet 1
Postcapitalist Books: Book Fetish — Pamphlet 2
Reading Post-Apocalyptically — Pamphlet 3
Postcapitalist Schools — Pamphlet 4
Postcapitalist Realities — Pamphlet 5


A potentially contentious post a DZone MVB describes how he's survived without writing a lot of Java main methods. Sound like heresy? Read on to get his explanation.
Update - for some reason this was sitting in draft for over two years ( the last date was 3/March/2015). I seem to have used some of the material in the post in other posts (possibly I thought this post was too large), but there are some examples in here I haven't mentioned before so I hereby click publish and release it to the world.
I think I've written a 'main' method only 4 or 5 times in my Java career. I rarely have to package up my code in a form that can run from the command line. I have only recently (in January 2015) written a Java GUI, which starts from a main method. All of the rest of my code, and I've written a lot of Java code, I have executed as a JUnit or TestNG (Test method, in the early days).
I only need a main method when writing an application. I normally write code to automate applications. Most of the code I write takes the form of automated checks of an application to confirm assumptions represented as assertions in the code. Most people learning Java for the first time do not learn to do write code in the form of @Test methods, they learn the main method first. And then always use a main method.
Here are some of the mistakes I've seen people writing automation code make with the main method.
Some people will read this post and think - uh oh, he's talking about me. And I probably am for one of the examples. But I haven't seen just one person making these mistakes, I've seen many people make the following mistakes. And I have included some examples of how I have managed to go through my Java career and avoid packaging my code into an app.
Since people learn 'main' first, they often write all their code in, or from, a main method.
Harder to unit test because no one really trains you to write tests around a main method.
Very often, very few conduct unit tests in their code base because they started with a main method, rather than @Test methods.
Lots of copy-pasted code across lots of projects.
Unfortunately, I've also encountered situations where people are taught to write automation code like this. With no mention of a TestRunner (e.g. JUnit or TestNG). So, effectively they are having to learn Java at the same time as writing an @Test Execution engine, something that you get for free with JUnit or TestNG.
No wonder people give up with Java and jump to a scripting language instead.
I find it better to start with @Test annotated methods, and build up the code base, and work towards a main method (if I need it), but not to start with a main method.
I can see advantages in having multiple entry points into your packaged code. It might be a good idea in certain situations, and we know we can define which specific main method to run when we start the jar file.
But sometimes main methods are added because people don't know why they needed them in the first place.
I've seen code where main methods don't do anything, because doesn't every class need a main method?
Because every example they have seen starts with a main method, and most of the example code people see in books is not related, therefore each chapter has a separate application, i.e. a separate main method.
I avoid this problem by driving everything with @Test methods - even my main methods will have an @Test around them. And I can run the disparate parts of my code base using the filters provided by JUnit Suites or maven configuration, or running individual @Test methods or classes from the IDE.
I advise you learn to package your code and use main methods at the point when you are writing an application for other people to use. But not before.
Because you may not need to.
When you are writing @Test methods you can use the standard configuration of Maven to run all your JUnit tests automatically without you having to create your own test runner or main method.
You can also write @Test methods that you can run from the IDE to gain many of the benefits of scripting languages.
When I wrote Selenium Simplified, I couldn't find a text file based book generator that I liked, given the use cases I needed. So I wrote my own. It was a fairly large Java project, with a lot of classes. And no main method. The IDE was my execution GUI.
If I wanted to process a different book, I changed the file path.
If I wanted different options, I amended the outputDetails.
I had multiple @Test methods for different configurations with relevant names I built my book by right clicking on the method and selecting "Run" as a JUnit Test.
This code project still doesn't have a main method.
After some copy-paste and proofing errors during the creation of Selenium Simplified, I wasn't prepared to write another book with code in it until I could pull code from the main source into the book.
I couldn't find a tool that worked the way I wanted, so I wrote code to automate the process for me.
I created a new class called ApplicationRunner, with a main method. But I was, at this point, still running the code from the IDE, under control of an @Test, which only ran from the IDE because it was @Ignore annotated, so it would not run from CI.
It was not until revision 16, that I added the manifest details into pom.xml to allow me to package the code as an application.
When I did this in revision 16, I had the ability to run the code outside the IDE, but I retained the ability from revision 14, to run it from the IDE by wrapping it in an @Test annotated method.
I used the @Test execution approach first.
I run this automation code by right clicking on the 'backupAllMaps' @Test method in the IDE.
I had multiple automation use cases. All executed by right clicking on an appropriately named @Test method and running it as a JUnit test.
This is the kind of use case people put forward as a reason for using scripting languages.
I actually write a lot of my ad-hoc support code this way. By running it from the IDE as an @Test method. I have many other examples of this approach on my disk but I think the above are representative enough. This approach gives me many of the benefits that people claim that scripting languages bring to their work-flow. Only when I need to run the code during a work-flow outside the IDE or allow other people to run the code, do I use a main method.
And at that point, I generally make sure I have an @Test method which can all the main method to allow me to create ad-hoc debug test runs. It is important to learn how to use main, but not as one of the first things you do. Particularly when you are writing automation code as opposed to application code.
The point at which your automation code becomes application code is the point at which you learn how to package your code and use the main method.


As a popular center of trade, the approach vectors to Bordeaux Station are routinely clogged with battered cargo vessels. Despite the amount of currency constantly flowing through the station, its residents see credits merely as a means to an end. The station itself survived the Catastrophe with minor damage but many starved to death without ready access to food, so stockpiled goods are viewed as the mark of a savvy merchant and one who can support their family and business partners in the event of a future disaster.
Faux trees in ceramic planters are laid out in lines on the polished stone floor, forming a queue that leads to the armored teller windows set into the back wall.
The bank is a grand and old looking building, built into the foundations of the back of the station. Imported stone makes up much of the decor as well as various faux plants and colorful paintings adorning the various areas that citizens can access. A number of people queue patiently inside a credits vestibule where an android whose name tag reads Ji11 Goodacre offers polite help and advice when necessary.
The cloning vats sit in the center of an otherwise abandoned building. The corridors leading to the lit chambers are edged with doorways to hollow rooms thick with dust and darkness. A couple of Gaulish military personnel seem to have stopped by to check on their clones but otherwise the facility is quiet.
Bright colors festoon the entire area, with faux silks and fabrics draped over the dusty detritus of the old city center and walls that are painted or lit with garish neon colors that represent the locals free and passionate spirits. Often exotic sounding rhythms and voices raised in song bounce around the buildings, pulsing with their rainbow hues and lending the entire area a manic and festive feel. In the main, this is simply a place for the more colorful and independent minded to go about their day to day. Artists and street entertainers can be seen bouncing or dancing through crowds while grinning merchants ply their wares. There are, however, whispers on the dark mesh of revolution and a court that still presides over local affairs, unbeknownst to the Protectorate.
The Government Center is a squat and rundown building that seems to be in a state of repair. Gaulish Military personnel come and go about their business.
Gaule Military personnel walk briskly between the various rooms of the government center. While travelers can be seen conducting business with the staff, locals seem to avoid the gray, utilitarian building. When they do pass by, more often than not, the looks directed towards those within are accompanied by sneers of disdain. The staff seem oblivious to this as any underhanded looks quickly transform into thin smiles under any type of scrutiny.
The sounds of laughter and singing precede the smells of alcohol and unwashed patrons. Inside, the babble of voices is laced with a variety of accents and intoxicated slurring.
Visitors in work-gear exchange friendly insults and stories with their neighbors whilst cheers and groans slide out of the back rooms as a popular pub game comes to an end. Both teams are exultant and flushed as they set up for another round.
The Hotel is a squat building dressed in lively colors that sits next to the Madame de Pompadour Bar.
Sound of merriment from the nearby Madame de Pompadour drift through the windows of the hotel like an invitation to guests to come and join the fun. The hotel itself is a strange dichotomy of lively hues of red and bronze covering an otherwise sparsely decorated area. A couple of fake plants sit forlornly in the corner while a cleaning robot buzzes about the floor, happily chasing motes of dust.
The line of people looking for work is long. Hungry hands wring as desperation paints down the waxy faces of the hopeful.
Gainful employment is a need for most of Bordeaux. The employment center hums with the desire to contribute and receive payment, the need to exist and survive.
With so many ships docked, the market overflows into the port. Crews hawk their wares directly to the crowds, pulling crates out of their cargo holds as they're needed. The mechanic of one lonely mid-bulk transport offers passage for nothing more than a box of soil-grown strawberries. Elsewhere, high class Protectorate officers peruse market wares, oblivious to the sneering looks of some of the more colorfully dressed vendors. Sneers which are instantly replaced with oily smiles the moment an officer looks their way.
The rear of the area is, or should have been, dominated by a large translucent wall that offers a sweeping vista of the planetoid below the station. The effect is somewhat marred, however, by the greasy and oily stains that seem to have built up on the wall after years of apparent neglect.
The loud sound of bustle and people conducting their business filters in from the nearby market area only to be enhanced by the volume of voices within this room itself. While some effort is obviously expended to keep the room relatively clean, it does not seem to be able to keep up with the flow of traffic of traders and travelers needing to access their stored goods and possessions.
Ship crew and local workers mingle in this area, checking and transporting cargo to and from various ships. The air is heavy with dust and the acrid smell of ship fuel. Occasionally a high ranking Gaulish officer will stroll through the area causing some workers to pause and look at each other before shaking their heads, chuckling, and continuing their work. The officers seem oblivious to these odd moments.
Various military looking vessels are berthed at the docks with a couple of civilian cruisers making the rare appearance amongst them.
The docks of Bordeaux house a plethora of old but mighty looking military vessels, all bearing the insignia of the Gaule Protectorate on their hulls. The smaller, civilian vessels that can occasionally be spotted squatting beside them look small and insignificant by comparison. Various personnel and crew-members can be seen hurrying to and fro as well as the odd group of lower class inhabitants, easily identifiable by their gypsy-like garb, who watch the whole affair with mild bemusement.
Refurbished machines sit haphazardly between mirrored walls. Yellowed plastics and spots of rust betray the age of the ancient equipment.
The training area faces silvered mirrors on one side and an observation window on the other. Many of the people here watch themselves as they exercise, but the view of the station through the window is difficult to ignore for others. Darkened ruins loom above and in the distance, while below throngs of people can be seen bustling back and forth between the port and the market.
You must have minimum combined physical stats of 39 to avoid injury at this gym.
Bordeaux Station has no Sick Bay. Anyone who dies here will respawn into a clone.


PPCR have been invited by East Thames (part of the L&Q Group) to provide Tenant Support Services for residents of New Union Wharf, Isle of Dogs. Once the incumbent Advisor retires in late May PPCR will act as the Independent Tenant Adviser for the Estate residents.
New Union Wharf estate is being transformed in partnership with the residents, through a rolling decant programme, from a 100% social housing estate to a mixed tenure development.
Residents on the estate have been heavily involved in the decision to go ahead with the regeneration. Hill Partnership was selected by East Thames in 2013 with inputs from the estate residents to carry out the regeneration work.
The New Union Wharf estate regeneration will see the existing 189 homes replaced by 399 modern, energy efficient homes. Residents have been working closely with East Thames and contractor, Hill Partnership, to ensure that the new estate meets the needs and expectations of the existing residents and local community.
This entry was posted in Archive, London Borough of Tower Hamlets, New Union Wharf.


To open the rank on Google Maps click here.
It is the frenzy and the incessant rhythms of Milan that make it a stimulated city. Waking at dawn to accompany workers to the office, radiating productivity throughout the day and never sleeping so the night walkers can enjoy thousands of attractions that only she, an international and cosmopolitan city, can produce.
Tireless and attractive, being able to keep up with her is extremely challenging. This is why it is so important to carve out time to take of oneself. Not only for the momentary sensation of pleasure that comes with getting a massage or an exfoliation treatment, but for the feeling that accompanies us long after having left the treatment. In the days to follow, our rejuvenation instills good humor in us, allowing us to perform better in whatever activity we choose to dedicate ourselves to.
With that being said, here is our selection of the best beauty centers in Milan: wellness oases and regeneration temples, where stress and daily worries are strictly forbidden. It is a universally recognized truth, dedicating attention to your body will also be beneficial for your mind.
We excluded listing spas associated with the popular hotels, because we will discuss those in a separate article. Here, we focused on the most intimate Wellness centers, where we imagine the MIlanes go when they are in need of regeneration, in absolute serenity, in a familiar and friendly environment.
Let yourself be enveloped by the atmosphere: sip an herbal tea, adapt your thoughts to the rhythm of the background notes while the smell is delighted by the fragrance that permeates the environment.
Making an appointment at your wellness center is a ritual, and as such requires adequate preparation.
It is no coincidence that right now we propose this ranking: if you are among the victims of season change and need extra attention, these suggestions are essential. Spring has arrived and your skin needs proper attention. Go ahead and give the green light to receive scrubs and draining massages, to present yourself in the best way this summer!
Spazio IKOS is the answer to every question concerning beauty. Almost thirty years of experience and a location designed to guarantee well-being to customers, make this address in the Washington area a clean oasis of beauty. Hidden in an intimate courtyard, like a house: the owner, Barbara, reserves a warm and professional welcome to those who choose to rely on her hands! The treatments cover every need, and the results are tangible from the first session: from the remodeling, with the Slim Project program, to the Anti-Aging, with a multi-stage ritual that acts in depth, to epilation, to conclude with manicures and pedicures. Whether you are a pilates addict or you want to start practicing it, you are in the right place: you will find trained teachers, able to initiate the benefits of this discipline.
André Malbert is an internationally renowned alchemist and visagist. Davide Diodovich entrusted himself to him to create a temple of beauty in his salon: because if aesthetic perfection exists, it passes through DD Beauty. Serums, creams and masks from the best laboratories, personalized treatments for the face and body, massages, manicures and pedicures: entrusting yourself with these means giving yourself moments of regeneration and well-being for the body and mind. If the evening promises to be special, which is not uncommon our city, book a make-up session and let them clean up your eyebrows. Set in a nineteenth-century building, DD Beauty welcomes customers in an immaculate environment, where black and gold details contrast with each other, making the atmosphere modern and design.
The environment is pop, colorful, cheerful and extremely girly: just like Cristina Fogazzi, aka the Beautician Cinica, her creator. In this riot of pink in the Buonarroti area, the assignment of the program takes place after careful diagnosis: the treatments are in fact highly personalized, and success is guaranteed. Cristina has made a successful brand out of its sincerity and transparency: these are the values that are found in its center. Some of them are iconic, and receive positive feedback from anyone who tries them: like the slim me bandage, the shock wave, a real miracle for cellulite or hyperbaric oxygen, a cocktail of bio-revitalizing substances for the face. A prepared team with a single goal welcomes you, making you feel beautiful at any cost!
After 64 years of activity, the world of beauty has made unimaginable progress. The San Celso Aesthetic Center is considered an authority thanks to the synergy between its highly qualified operators and medical specialists, and the most innovative techniques, combined with ancient medical-aesthetic-philosophical disciplines. With results beyond expectations, targeted treatments cover a wide range of requests: well-being, face and body aesthetics, massages, but also medical-curative treatments. For those who tend to succumb to stress, we recommend "learning to breathe": a conscious use of breathing greatly improves the quality of life, but also the "Day SPA San Celso" program, to concentrate one's regeneration in a single day.
Walking around Santa Maria delle Grazie is a relaxing moment in itself: when the destination is The White Medispa, relaxation is guaranteed. Where aesthetic medicine, holistic beauty and well-being meet, rhythms slow down, and the regeneration experience begins. Facial treatments include Detox, Energize, Glow, designed for the different needs of our skin. For those in search of that extra something that generally characterizes people who have just returned from vacation, there are Bio-Revitalization and Peeling sessions. Massages (try Intuitive!), Pressotherapy and lymph drainage. Manicure and pedicure with essential oils will be the final touch of your immersion in wellness!
Choose the Studio Bianco who wants particular attention to the origin of the products, which are exclusively organic here. Their specialty is Ayurvedic and Phil treatments: they will not only take care of your appearance, but also of your psyche. Regeneration in its entirety involves them both. The love and care that can be perceived between these immaculate walls are declined in the treatments designed for each client. From sugaring, epilation with sugar paste, to highly customizable ayurvedic massages, to rituals for the body (particularly appreciated those remodeling), while VOYA Restorative Facial ensures lasting freshness to the face. Those who attend this center do so also for the empathy and professionalism of the team, which also includes an osteopath.
The Corso Venezia Otto team claims that beauty is in every woman. Their goal is to extrapolate it and make it shine. A beauty salon where the imprint of the interior designer is perceptible at first glance: in this environment every detail is balanced and reconciling. They offer specific facial treatments for men and women: the purpose is to purify, hydrate and remove toxins, and those who live in Milan know how necessary it is to indulge in this pampering. The path for the body in several phases is very appreciated, starting from detoxification, passing through weight loss, to reach maintenance. More services designed for brides or mom-to-be who want to focus on themselves for a few hours. To get even brighter, treat yourself to a Business Manicure!
At Montenero 8 they must be very aware of the fact that sight plays a fundamental role in producing well-being: the center has an extremely refined aesthetic, with an eye towards cutting-edge technologies, and the other to more relaxing colors. To combat blemishes, they propose radiofrequency, pressotherapy and microdermabrasion; those who want to eliminate the extra pounds, instead, can choose the lipolaser. On the occasion of summer, you know, you need to move ahead: this is why from Montenero 8 they studied different packages, and we recommend the Silhoutte 3 (saline bandages, lipolaser and pressotherapy, to combat blemishes effectively and totally). The Viola package is for those who feel the distant holidays, but want to present themselves at their best, even if in the office: they offer pedicures and manicures with semi-permanent products.
In Milan, the most common habit is to arrive at appointments at the scheduled time, if not slightly late: because the metro was late, the parking lot was not found and the other thousand impediments that those who live in the capital know well. But from SDB it is proposed to customers to arrive 10 minutes earlier, to be able to relax in the dedicated areas, and enjoy the chosen rituals. It stands out for the wellness area with thalasso, to allow time surrounded by scents and aromas, radiofrequency, the magic touch to rejuvenate, zero fusion, to streamline effectively, skin control, a highly technological and specific system for each type of skin. It also has a solarium, and offers the Belle In One Day package to those who want a day full of beauty.
The Milanese beauty addicts love it for the nail bar: but behind this concept store of beauty there is much more. A corner dedicated to food, the possibility of buying creams and cosmetics, including good music and magazines to browse. In addition to the highly appreciated manicures and pedicures, they offer services for the face: anti-age, illuminating and smoothing; to get the most out of wellness, we recommend combining an oriental massage. Are you a wine lover? If in addition to drinking it you also love to smell it, treat yourself to a face-body oil and wine treatment: wrapping yourself in the enveloping fragrances of these two elements, you will gain a velvety and compact skin. For epilation, choose Sugar Wax based on lemon, water and sugar or Brasilian, which uses the properties of avocado butter.


Remembering Heinrich Schliemann, marketing (some) antiquities, and rebuilding the Roman Forum.
Having lived in Greece for 15 years, I loved Julie Skurdenis's article on Sounion (Destinations, AO 02:05). There's only one point of interest she missed. In ancient Greece, a light was kept burning in each of three places: on Cape Sounion, on the tip of the island of Aegina in the Saronic Gulf, and on the Acropolis. By triangulation, sailors could plot the safest route into harbor in Piraeus.
While in Greece, I kept company with a retired admiral of the Greek Navy who is a grandson of Nicholas Yannakis, Heinrich Schliemann's assistant who helped smuggle Trojan treasures into Greece. According to my friend, Yannakis drowned while crossing a stream on his way back to Athens, and so his wife raised their family on her own. She passed on to her descendants a collection of the jewelry that didn't quite make it to the goal it was destined for (Schliemann himself).
What a magnificent gift I missed having! Would I have presented it to a museum? I wonder.
So where's the rest of the collection?—Ed.


text:
Dec. 13, 2017, 10:10 a.m.
Obits? As it grows, watchdog nonprofit VTDigger is taking on more of local newspapers' jobs
It's become unusually ingrained into the local news ecosystem for a statewide nonprofit news outlet. "Every time we get two nickels rubbed together, I hire another reporter."
By Christine Schmidt @newsbyschmidt Dec. 13, 2017, 10:10 a.m.
While testing out podcasts and leaning into obituaries and job postings, the eight-year-old, online-only VTDigger now has a team rivaling the size of the state's largest newspaper, said VTDigger's founder Anne Galloway.
"Every time we get two nickels rubbed together, I hire another reporter," Galloway said.
This Vermont-focused nonprofit news site is looking to podcasting to add new revenue streams
Shan Wang
Galloway built the nonprofit organization after her own layoff from a newsroom and now leads 14 journalists (they're also hiring for a business reporter) and a business staff of five. In Vermont's largest city, the Gannett-owned Burlington Free Press lists 16 reporters and editors, in addition to two photographers and a suite of business-side employees. (For comparison, Vermont Public Radio has 17 reporters on staff and the TV stations in Burlington have about the same number of reporters, in addition to photographers and producers. But that's a different story.) VTDigger is also one of the largest members, both in terms of people and payments, of the LION Publishers, which includes more than 180 local online-only news organizations in 42 states.
"The most important factor in our growth is not just that we've been entrepreneurial, but also that we provide a news service," Galloway said. "Part of the reason people like us is because we're a daily. We publish eight to 12 stories a day focused on major public policy issues and community reporting, and we interact with the public a lot."
After powering the site as a $20,000 one-man-band in its early days, in 2011 Galloway joined forces with group of businesspeople forming the Vermont Journalism Trust and eventually also obtained funding from various national and local foundations. She added a salesperson and a business manager that same year, and in 2012 she brought on the first additional reporter to the team, focusing on healthcare and energy. By 2014 Galloway had 12 team members; the next year came VTDigger's first community reporters, and they've been creating bureaus to increase the organization's statewide presence.
Between 2014 and 2015, the team increased the revenues from $710,000 to just under $1 million thanks to a new donor page on the site and a membership campaign effort with MailChimp, PayPal, direct mail, and popups on the site. They also broke the news of fraud allegations at a ski area in northern Vermont, leading to the Securities Exchange Commission bringing charges against the area's resort developers. This year alone, VTDigger hired five people (mainly on the business/infrastructure side) and is operating under a $1.5 million budget thanks to memberships, sponsorships and underwriting, and foundational support. Galloway noted that 75 percent of VTDigger's early budget was provided by foundations, but in 2018 that percentage will be just 10 percent.
In addition, nearly half of next year's budget will come from reader donations (45 percent), underwriting (40 percent), and about 5 percent from reselling content to 15 other local Vermont outlets. The site is currently in the middle of its second fundraising drive of the year, asking readers to contribute $350,000 by December 31, and had previously raised $250,000 in a drive this spring. For the content-sharing portion, weekly newspapers can pay $40 per week for unlimited reuse of VTDigger content; daily newspapers pay $55 per week.
"We effectively act as an AP for Vermont, and the advantage of that is that we're able to reach local people who didn't know about us," Galloway said. "It's like a grassroots marketing campaign."
VTDigger.org now has 200,000 unique visitors per month, in a state with a population of about 625,000.
Another way to reach out to readers has been through podcasts, which started being tested sporadically about a year ago and are now published weekly thanks to one of those new hires: Michael Dougherty, VTDigger's community editor as of April, leads the organization's social media and analytics but also spearheads the reporting and production of the weekly podcast, The Deeper Dig. The most popular episodes have just under 1,000 listeners, and Burlington FM radio station WBTV broadcasts the weekly segment.
"Once we had been putting out episodes for a couple of months, we were able to secure a sponsor," Dougherty said. They experimented with a mid-roll ad for a 12-episode package with the sponsor, a Burlington health center, but are holding off on running more ads until the end-of-year fundraising drive wraps up. Podcast topics have ranged from Project Veritas founder James O'Keeffe's talk in Middlebury to marijuana legislation to the economic opportunity of a state like Vermont that doesn't have a major metropolitan area, but two burgeoning partnerships are bringing human interest to the community as well.
One series explores the state's history, with partners Vermont Historical Society and the Vermont Humanities Council, and the second collaboration takes a more intimate look at Vermonters recovering from addictions to opioids. VTDigger is also working with Writers for Recovery to share the poetry of residents overcoming addictions. "We do a lot of coverage on the opioid crisis," Dougherty said. "This provides the human perspective on addiction."
Dougherty looks forward to covering the legislative session — VTDigger's bread and butter — through audio. "During the legislative session, we know that lawmakers are reading our site and citizens are really depending on us to get in-depth with what's happening in the statehouse," he said. "Having this kind of audio space carved out every week will give us the opportunity to tell some of the stories in a different way, [including] explainers and putting specific wonky policy details in context for people."
In a recent reader survey, 25 percent of respondents said they obtain news through podcasts, but only six percent of respondents said they subscribe to The Deeper Dig. "That gives me a sense of how much room there still is to get existing, podcast-ready readers on board with our programs," Dougherty said.
Another project on VTDigger's calendar for 2018 is the launch of its obituaries and job listings sections — you know, the stuff that newspapers used to make money off of.
"We had readers asking for these things. Readers are suggesting that we run obituaries. They no longer read the local newspaper and they need to find obits, so they've been asking us repeatedly to run them," Galloway said. "People are searching for jobs on our site even though we don't have jobs on our site."
They've already built the wireframe and developed the business plan for the two — funeral homes, flower shops, medical centers, and nonprofits could potentially underwrite the obituary section, Galloway said, and other underwriters have been asking for help with connecting job applicants as well. "We don't anticipate making a ton of money off of us this, but it will be nicer than Craigslist and less expensive than our competitors," she added.
"If we can raise $50,000 a year, that's a job."
Photo of the Vermont state capitol by Daniel Mennerich used under a Creative Commons license.
POSTED Dec. 13, 2017, 10:10 a.m.
Anne Galloway
LION Publishers
Michael Dougherty
VTDigger
Schmidt, Christine. "Obits? As it grows, watchdog nonprofit VTDigger is taking on more of local newspapers' jobs." Nieman Journalism Lab. Nieman Foundation for Journalism at Harvard, 13 Dec. 2017. Web. 21 Jan. 2022.
Schmidt, C. (2017, Dec. 13). Obits? As it grows, watchdog nonprofit VTDigger is taking on more of local newspapers' jobs. Nieman Journalism Lab. Retrieved January 21, 2022, from https://www.niemanlab.org/2017/12/obits-as-it-grows-watchdog-nonprofit-vtdigger-is-taking-on-more-of-local-newspapers-jobs/
Schmidt, Christine. "Obits? As it grows, watchdog nonprofit VTDigger is taking on more of local newspapers' jobs." Nieman Journalism Lab. Last modified December 13, 2017. Accessed January 21, 2022. https://www.niemanlab.org/2017/12/obits-as-it-grows-watchdog-nonprofit-vtdigger-is-taking-on-more-of-local-newspapers-jobs/.
| url = https://www.niemanlab.org/2017/12/obits-as-it-grows-watchdog-nonprofit-vtdigger-is-taking-on-more-of-local-newspapers-jobs/
| title = Obits? As it grows, watchdog nonprofit VTDigger is taking on more of local newspapers' jobs
| date = 13 December 2017

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Home EuroLeague Olympiacos sweeps Zenit St. Petersburg to return to winning ways
Olympiacos sweeps Zenit St. Petersburg to return to winning ways
Hassan Martin did everything for Olympiacos and with 7/7 2 point FG, gives the win to the Greeks, 66-75 over Zenit St. Petersburg.
Valia Pilianidi
Nov 5, 2020 6:59 PM
Photo: Novasports.gr
With their defense putting a lot of pressure to Zenit, Olympiacos got a much-needed win in Russia, 66-75, after two consecutive losses to Anadolu Efes and Bayern Munich. Zenit St. Petersburg returned back on the game in the fourth quarter, stunning Olympiacos and getting some extra boost from their fans. Coach Bartzokas saw his players following their initial game plan, playing tough defense, fighting for every rebound and every possession, scoring some tough baskets and getting the win.
Hassan Martin was the top scorer for Olympiacos with 16 points and 7/7 2-point FG, with Shaquielle McKissic adding 10 points and Sasha Vezenkov nine. For Zenit, Billy Baron scored 13 points, with Austin Hollins adding another 12.
Olympiacos had a pretty strong start in the first quarter, playing tough defense, passing the ball and fighting for every possession. For Zenit, Austin Hollins was the main offensive weapon, starting the game with 3/3 three-pointers. With two free throws from Jean Charles, Olympiacos managed to get an early five-point lead (9-14) with five minutes remaining for the end of the first quarter. With Austin Hollins firing for three and Zenit playing great defense, the Russian club got the lead for the first time in the game (20-19) to end the first quarter.
Despite the fact that both coaches refreshed their starting lineup in the second quarter, none of the teams could find their way to the opponent's basket. Gudaitis and Ellis scored two points each for their teams to make score in the second quarter (22-21). With their captain Vassilis Spanoulis on the court leading the team, Olympiacos managed to tie the game (25-25) and retain the lead with Vezenkov and five minutes remaining until the end of the first half in Russia. Two free throws from Shaquielle McKissic and an offensive foul from Gudaitis gave Olympiacos the chance to extend their lead (25-31) and bring some trouble to the Russian side. With a three-point play from Vassilis Spanoulis (27-35), Olympiacos forced Zenit to a time-out with coach Pascual seeing his players not functioning properly against a great defensive team. With a 5-20 score from the Greeks, both teams headed to the locker rooms with Olympiacos leading by 14 points (27-41).
Photo: Euroleague Basketball
At the beginning of the third quarter, both teams returned on the court scoring for three with Kevin Pangos for Zenit and Kostas Papanikolaou for Olympiacos (30-44). Zenit showed from the very first minutes that they will definitely fight for the game putting some extra pressure on Olympiacos by playing strong defense. The game became more physical, with both teams fighting for every rebound and every possession and Zenit bringing the game to a single digit difference for Olympiacos (36-44). Livio Jean-Charles and Hassan Martin were the players who managed to create score again for Olympiacos and give back the double-digit advantage to the Greeks (36-49). The Russians tried to come back on the game, but, with their confidence up high, Olympiacos ended the third quarter in front by 15, 43-58.
In the fourth and final quarter, Zenit fought back and made the game a single-digit game (53-60), putting pressure on the guests that seemed to be into much confusion. The home side brought the difference to a three-point lead for Olympiacos (60-63) with the game on the line and four minutes remaining. Sasha Vezenkov, with a big three-pointer, extended the lead for Olympiacos (60-66), forcing Zenit and coach Pascual to a time-out with three minutes remaining. A massive dunk from McKissic gave Olympiacos a safe eight-point lead (60-68). Zenit never managed to return back on the game and Olympiacos finished the quarter and got the win, 66-75.
Hassan Martin
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Valia is a 24-year-old sports journalist and reporter with a Master's degree in Sports Broadcast Journalism. She has previously reported on NBL and WNBL D1 games in the UK.
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text:
EEAS homepage > Eastern Partnership > Statement by HR/VP Mogherini on the occasion of the United Nations Day
Statement by HR/VP Mogherini on the occasion of the United Nations Day
Statement by High Representative/Vice-President Federica Mogherini on the occasion of the United Nations Day
Today we celebrate United Nations Day, which marks the entry into force of the UN Charter in 1945. This year's 73rdanniversary comes at a crucial moment. Now, more than ever, multilateralism and the rules-based international order are challenged. And now, more than ever, our partners are looking to the European Union to stand up exactly for multilateralism and the rules-based international order with a strong United Nations at its core: as European Union, we are determined to preserve it.
Investing in our partnership with the UN is natural as we share the same fundamental values and goals. Together, we join forces in our work around the world and in Europe, for sustainable development, peace and security, and humanely and respectfully managed migration. And together we fight for education for all, gender equality and human rights.
UN Day comes one month after the UN General Assembly ministerial week, which demonstrated this year that despite all the challenges, there is momentum for collective action in support of multilateralism and that multilateralism put to action is working.
For this reason, the EU and the UN agreed to further strengthen their partnership on peace operations and crisis management, and development. Together, we are supporting political processes to bring back peace in areas of conflict, from Syria to Libya. Together, we are working to stabilise war-torn countries, from Afghanistan to the Central African Republic. Together, we are assisting and protecting refugees and migrants in Libya and the Sub-Saharan region, in a cooperation that has paved the way to a new trilateral partnership with the African Union to fight human trafficking and smuggling. Together, we are building on the 70th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to protect human rights wherever they are at risk, as it is too often the case for women and girls: to protect them, we have set up the Spotlight Initiative which is now in its second year.
Together, the EU and UN have been, are and will be the strongest champions of dialogue and cooperation. This is why we will continue to defend multilateral diplomacy and its achievements, from the Iran nuclear deal to the Paris agreement on climate change, and to support the essential work of all UN agencies.
International rules, organisations and jurisdictions are a guarantee for all. That's why we will always continue to invest in a strong UN system. Together – as we celebrate UN Day – we will stay a force for change.
Factsheet on the EU-UN cooperation
EU - UN Joint communiqué
EU - UN Joint communiqué on crisis management; factsheet
EU - UN joint communiqué on development
AU-EU-UN partnership
Esther OSORIO
EEAS Press Officer
Security, Defence & Crisis Response
Speech by High Representative/Vice-President Federica Mogherini at the plenary session of the European Parliament on the situation in the Republic of Moldova
Remarks by HR/VP Federica Mogherini at the joint press conference following the EU and North Macedonia Stabilisation and Association Council Remarks by High Representative/Vice-President Federica Mogherini at the joint press conference following the EU and North Macedonia Stabilisation and Association Council
Joint statement by HR/VP Mogherini and Iraqi Foreign Minister Alhakim on the EU-Iraq relations and regional cooperationJoint statement on the EU-Iraq relations and regional cooperation
Statement by the Spokesperson on the occasion of the International Albinism Awareness Day, 13 JuneStatement by the Spokesperson on the occasion of the International Albinism Awareness Day, 13 June


text:
Q: Laravel 5: How to dump SQL query? Laravel 5's built-in solution
In Laravel 5+, we can use \DB::getQueryLog() to retrieve all executed queries. Since, query logging is an extensive operation and cause performance issues so it's disabled by default in L5 and only recommend for development environments only. We can enable the query logging by using the method \DB::enableQueryLog(), as mentioned in [Laravel's documentation][1].
Problem in built-in solution
The DB::getQueryLog() function is great but sometimes we wish that it would be great if we get dump in flat SQL format, so we can copy/past it in our favorite MySQL application like phpMyAdmin or Sqlyog to execute it and debug or optimize it.
So, I need a helper function that helps me to produce dump with following additional info:

*

*On which file and line number the dump has called.

*Remove back-ticks from the query.

*Flat query, so don't need to update binding parameters manually and I can copy/past SQL in phpMyAdmin etc to debug/optimize the query.

A: Custom Solution
Step 1: Enable Query Logging
Copy/past following block of code on top of route file:
# File: app/Http/routes.php
if (\App::environment( 'local' )) {
   \DB::enableQueryLog();
}

Step 2: Add helper function
if (!function_exists( 'dump_query' )) {
function dump_query( $last_query_only=true, $remove_back_ticks=true ) {

    // location and line
    $caller = debug_backtrace( DEBUG_BACKTRACE_IGNORE_ARGS, 1 );
    $info = count( $caller ) ? sprintf( "%s (%d)", $caller[0]['file'], $caller[0]['line'] ) : "*** Unable to parse location info. ***";

    // log of executed queries
    $logs = DB::getQueryLog();
    if ( empty($logs) || !is_array($logs) ) {
        $logs = "No SQL query found. *** Make sure you have enabled DB::enableQueryLog() ***";
    } else {
        $logs = $last_query_only ? array_pop($logs) : $logs;
    }

    // flatten bindings
    if (isset( $logs['query'] ) ) {
        $logs['query'] = $remove_back_ticks ? preg_replace( "/`/", "", $logs['query'] ) : $logs['query'];

        // updating bindings
        $bindings = $logs['bindings'];
        if ( !empty($bindings) ) {
            $logs['query'] = preg_replace_callback('/\?/', function ( $match ) use (&$bindings) {
                return "'". array_shift($bindings) . "'";
            }, $logs['query']);
        }
    }
    else foreach($logs as &$log) {
        $log['query'] = $remove_back_ticks ? preg_replace( "/`/", "", $log['query'] ) : $log['query'];

        // updating bindings
        $bindings = $log['bindings'];
        if (!empty( $bindings )) {
            $log['query'] = preg_replace_callback(
                '/\?/', function ( $match ) use ( &$bindings ) {
                return "'" . array_shift( $bindings ) . "'";
            }, $log['query']
            );
        }
    }

    // output
    $output = ["*FILE*" => $info,
               '*SQL*' => $logs
    ];

    dump( $output );
}

}
How to use?
Take dump of last executed query, use just after the query execution:
dump_query();

Take dump of all executed queries use:
dump_query( false );

A: *

*On which file and line number the dump has
called.
I don't understand why you need this because you always know where you called the dump function but never mind you have your solution for that.

*

*Remove back-ticks from the query.
You don't need to remove back-ticks as the query will work in MySQL along with them also.

*

*Flat query, so don't need to update binding parameters manually and I can copy/past SQL in phpMyAdmin etc to debug/optimize the query.
You can use vsprintf for binding parameters as:
$queries = DB::getQueryLog();

foreach ($queries as $key => $query) {
    $queries[$key]['query'] = vsprintf(str_replace('?', '\'%s\'', $query['query']), $query['bindings']);
}

return $queries;

And I would suggest you to checkout this github repo squareboat/sql-doctor

A: I was looking for simple solution and the one below worked for me.
DB::enableQueryLog();

User::find(1); //Any Eloquent query

// and then you can get query log

dd(DB::getQueryLog());

Reference Links:

*

*How to Get the Query Executed in Laravel 5? DB::getQueryLog() Returning Empty Array

*https://www.codegrepper.com/code-examples/php/dump+sql+query+laravel

A: Add this code in the top of your routes file.
Laravel 5.2 routes.php
Laravel 5.3+ web.php
<?php
// Display all SQL executed in Eloquent

Event::listen('Illuminate\Database\Events\QueryExecuted', function ($query) {
    var_dump($query->sql);
    var_dump($query->bindings);
    var_dump($query->time);
    echo "

";
});

A: For a Laravel 8 application it could be useful to put the following in the AppServiceProvider.php file:
/**
 * Bootstrap any application services.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function boot()
{
    // [...]
    // Dump SQL queries on demand **ONLY IN DEV**
    if (env('APP_ENV') === 'local') {
        DB::enableQueryLog();
        Event::listen(RequestHandled::class, function ($event) {
            if ( $event->request->has('sql-debug') ) {
                $queries = DB::getQueryLog();
                Log::debug($queries);
                dump($queries);
            }
        });
    }

    // [...]
}

Then appending &sql-debug=1 to the url will dump the queries.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Ali Hussain (born 30 March 1979) is a Pakistani cricketer. He played in 38 first-class and 12 List A matches between 1998 and 2009.

References

External links

1979 births
Living people
Pakistani cricketers
Lahore cricketers
Sui Southern Gas Company cricketers
Cricketers from Lahore

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Based on a comparison of 9 countries in 2016, Croatia ranked the highest in selling prices of slaughtered broiling fowl per 100 kg dead weight with LCR 892 followed by Romania and Luxembourg. On the other end of the scale was Spain with LCR 20.4, Lithuania with LCR 32.4 and France with LCR 77.5.
Buy Selling Prices of Broiling fowl (slaughtered) per 100 kg dead weight (Local Currency) data for all countries.


Saturday, March 23, 2019 | 10:00 a.m. to 5:45 p.m.
On Soul of a Nation's opening day, The Broad will present a day of enriching conversations, artist talks, and poetry, organized by UC Irvine professors Bridget R. Cooks and Frank Wilderson. The event will include compelling conversations between artists featured in the exhibition, such as artists Jae and Wadsworth Jarrell and Gerald Williams with Vida L. Brown (visual arts curator, California African American Museum), among others, as well as renowned art historians and curators like Thelma Golden (director and chief curator, The Studio Museum), Phyllis J. Jackson (associate professor, art history, Pomona College), Kellie Jones (professor, art history and archaeology and the Institute for Research in African American Studies, Columbia University), and Naima J. Keith (deputy director and chief curator, California African American Museum). A reading will be given by distinguished poet Kamau Daáood, author of The Language of Saxophones: Selected Poems of Kamau Daáood and the critically acclaimed album, Leimert Park. Darren Walker, president of the Ford Foundation, will speak in conversation with Academy Award-nominated filmmaker Ava DuVernay. Tickets include one-time, anytime access to Soul of A Nation: Art in the Age of Black Power 1963-1983.
Previous Post Belinda Becker: DJ, Dancer, Mom, Writer, Activist and World Changer!


text:
East Bengal slipping into uncertainty as pandemic prolongs lockdown
East Bengal is undergoing a tough period as the club has been forced to put its centennial celebrations on hold and continues to look for a new investor.
Amitabha Das Sharma
Kolkata 21 June, 2020 21:28 IST
There is a sense of disenchantment among East Bengal's members and millions of fans as the club continues to remain in the I-League while its traditional rival, Mohun Bagan, has an ISL berth after being acquired by ATK, the reigning ISL champion from the city - AIFF Media
East Bengal's date with history seems to have been scourged by the situation evolving out of the crippling coronavirus lockdown.
The club's efforts to celebrate its centenary in a grand fashion have been hampered as has been its attempt to secure a berth in the Indian Super League (ISL).
RELATED| ISL needs East Bengal, says Bhaichung Bhutia
With its centennial foundation day barely a month away, there still is no news of a sponsor that would fund its activities in the new season. The club is currently managing without a patron after its 'investor' in the previous two seasons, Quess
Corp, severed its ties prematurely following disagreement over numerous issues.
Then came the news of Premier League giant Manchester United cancelling its plans of playing a pre-season friendly against East Bengal here in July. This virtually extinguished the club's plans of making its centenary celebrations memorable.
- New financial tie-up in an "advanced stage" -
The pandemic and the prolonged lockdown also put paid to the possibility of a new financial tie-up, which according to a senior club official was in an "advanced stage".
There is a sense of disenchantment among its thousands of members and millions of fans as the club continues to remain
in the I-League while its traditional rival, Mohun Bagan, has an ISL berth after being acquired by ATK, the reigning ISL champion from the city.
RELATED| AIFF to East Bengal: Clarify ownership structure post Quess separation
"We will act once the AIFF announces a proper calendar. Everything is still uncertain because of the pandemic. We have had our plans before the season and will definitely decide on which way to go once the new season is given a proper shape," said the most influential name in the East Bengal hierarchy, Debabrata (Nitu) Sarkar.
East Bengal began picking up players within days after the AIFF ended the previous season sparking talks about the club's preparation to bid for an ISL berth. It picked a host of big Indian names both from the ISL and I-League have a significantly strong squad by now.
RELATED| East Bengal coach Rivera says former coach Menendez destroyed club
"We have definitely signed the players with a tournament in target. But everything now depends on how the football calendar in the country shapes up. We hope to decide something by July," Sarkar said.
- Quess Corp responsible to clear last season's dues -
East Bengal's predicament is compounded by a number of players complaining about non-payment of dues of the previous season. "This is the responsibility of Quess Corp as they had the contractual obligation with the players in the previous season," said a senior official.
RELATED| East Bengal's Acosta leaves for Costa Rica, slams club's apathetic attitude
Quite a few footballers who had multi-year contracts with Quess East Bengal have approached the Football Players Association of India (FPAI) looking for guidance as they mull an option to approach the AIFF in seeking compensation from the Bangalore-based investor. Quess Corp had applied the 'force majeure' clause while terminating all the contracts of its players from May 1.
"The investor is yet to clear some of the dues which were supposed to be paid to the club. Now there is question of players' payments. We are exploring all legal options to ensure that everyone get their dues," the official added.
- Quess refutes allegations -
Quess Corp sought to dispel the allegations in a recent statement by saying it will fulfill all its obligations.
RELATED| EB players send notices to former investors to clear salaries
"It has come to our notice that there are untoward allegations, most of them unverified, doing the rounds on how players of the football club have been denied their salaries as an outcome of the termination of the agreement between Quess Corp and EBFC. We would like to clarify that we are a responsible corporate and our obligations to all will be met. We have been working closely with our representatives in Kolkata to ensure that this transition happens smoothly and with minimal discomfort. The formalities pertaining to the termination of the JV agreement between Quess, QEBFC and EBFC is underway and is expected to be completed soon."
The Quess chapter is virtually over for East Bengal, it now remains to be seen how the club prepares for the new challenges ahead.
East Bengal
Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy T20 Live Score: Tiwary, Majumdar rebuild; Bengal 80/2 in 10 Overs
Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy T20 Live Score: Parag gets Tiwary but Bengal on course for win


Horizon Bancorp and 1st Manatee Bank have reached new terms for the payback of a $1.1 million loan.
Horizon Bancorp and 1st Manatee Bank have agreed to push back the due date on a $1.1 million loan taken by Horizon on Dec. 31, 2008.
The loan, which had first matured on Dec. 31, 2009, has been extended to June 15, 2010, according to a document filed with the U.S. Securities & Exchange Commission. In exchange, Horizon will pay 1st Manatee an additional $104,000.
The SEC filing also allows for further extension of the loan's maturity in the event that either the Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta or the Florida Office of Financial Regulation requires that Horizon raise additional capital.


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It is non dimmable and slightly bigger than halogen at 48mm in height and 16.5mm diameter.
Wattage: 1.9W equivalent brightness to a 25W G9 halogen.
Dimmable: No. Dimmable G9 LED available here.
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Dimmable G9 LED bulb from Philips that has a minimal energy consumption of just 2.3 watts. Offering a low energy alternative to a 25 watt G9 halogen.


The African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights (AfCHPR) in a matter of Lohé Issa Konaté (Applicant) v. Burkina Faso (Respondent State), Application No 004/2013 has ruled unanimously in favour of the Applicant, a Journalist, in a Judgement delivered in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, on Friday 5 December, 2014.
The Judges ruled that the Respondent State violated Article 9 of the African Charter on Human and Peoples' Rights; Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and Article 66(2)(c) of the Revised Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) Treaty.
The Applicant was sentenced to 12 months imprisonment by the Ouagadougou High Court, for three articles he published in L'Ouragan Weekly in August 2012, over alleged corrupt practices of the Prosecutor of Faso, Mr. Placide Nikiema. The 12 months sentence was confirmed by the Ouagadougou Court of Appeal. He was also ordered to pay about 6 million CFA Francs ((an equivalent of 12,000 USD), comprising of fines, dameges and cost. The Newspaper was also slapped a six months suspension from publication.
The Applicant filed a case before the AfCHPR in June 2013 claiming that the jail term, damages as well as court costs violated his right to freedom of expression which is protected under various treaties to which Burkina Faso is party, including African Charter on Human and Peoples' and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
In the landmark ruling, the Court has ordered Burkina Faso to amend its legislation in order to make it compliant with the above Articles and to report back to the Court within two years.


text:
Poets & Writers Directory ›
Barbara Louise Ungar
bungar@nycap.rr.com
www.barbaraungar.net
Barbara Louise Ungar is the author of four full-length poetry collections: Immortal Medusa, one of Kirkus Review's Best Independent Poetry Books of 2015 and co-winner of the Adirondack Center for Writing Poetry Award; Charlotte Brontë, You Ruined My Life; Thrift; and The Origin of the Milky Way, which won the Gival Press Poetry Award, an Independent Publisher's Award, the Adirondack Center for Writing Poetry Award, and an Eric Hoffer Award. She is also the author of Haiku in English and several chapbooks. Her poems have appeared in many journals, including the Southern Indiana Review, Rattle, Salmagundi, The Minnesota Review, Cream City Review, Literary Review, Global City Review, Dominion Review, Talking River, Sow's Ear Poetry Review, Atticus Review, and The Nervous Breakdown. An essay on being a single-parent poem appeared in Rattle's Fall 2013 issue, and she is featured at WeAreKin.org and by Atticus Review. She has performed widely, including at the Dodge Poetry Festival, the Poetry Society of America, Poets' House, St. Mark's Poetry Project, Nuyorican Poets' Café, Center for Book Arts, and Cornelia St. Café. A professor of English at the College of Saint Rose in Albany, NY, she teaches writing and literature.
Publications & Prizes
Immortal Medusa (Word Works, 2015)
Charlotte Brontë, You Ruined My Life (Word Works, 2011)
The Origin of the Milky Way (Gival Press, 2007)
Thrift (WordTech Editions, 2005)
Chapbooks:
Sequel (Finishing Line Press, 2004)
Neoclassical Barbara (Angel Fish Press, 1998)
Prizes won:
Adirondack Center for Writing Best Poetry Book 2015 (co-winner), Gival Press Poetry Prize 2006, Silver Independent Publishers' Award 2007, Adirondack Center for Writing Best Poetry Book 2007 (co-winner), Eric Hoffer Notable for Poetry Award 2007, National Poetry Series finalist 2009, Sarabande Books' Morton Prize finalist 2009.
Favorite authors:
Too many to list, but current loves are Mary Ruefle, Regan Good, John McPhee, Joseph Goldstein, and Robert Wright
What I'm reading now:
My Private Property by Mary Ruefle, The Evolution of God by Robert Wright, The Atlantic House by Regan Good, Draft No. 4 by John McPhee, Mindfulness by Joseph Goldstein
Gives readings:
Travels for readings:
Identifies as:
Prefers to work with:
Raised in:
Please note: All information in the Directory is provided by the listed writers or their representatives.


text:
Small and rural or large and urban—health systems' size influences decisionmaking
Cost of graduate medical education stifling ability to bolster physician workforce
InDepth: Questions loom over Sutter Health's community benefit spending
House to vote on Senate's ACA repeal bill, defunding Planned Parenthood
Shannon Muchmore
House Speaker Paul Ryan says the GOP will introduce an ACA alternative in 2016.
The House will wait until the new year to vote on a bill to repeal most of the Affordable Care Act and defund Planned Parenthood.
Lawmakers' last week in session in 2015 was consumed by moving the omnibus budget package and the tax extenders bill, so they decided to wait to take up the repeal measure that passed the Senate early this month. A vote is now planned for Jan. 6.
President Barack Obama has promised he'll veto the bill whenever it arrives on his desk. Still it represents the first time Republicans have gotten a repeal bill to the president's desk after many tries.
James Capretta, visiting fellow at the American Enterprise Institute, said the most important aspect of the bill for conservatives is creating a blueprint for passing a repeal bill through the reconciliation process, which requires a simple majority vote. "The procedural part of it is important," he said.
The Senate parliamentarian originally ruled that the reconciliation process couldn't be used for the repeal effort except for provisions that affect the budget. Republicans got around that by reducing the tax penalties for not having coverage to zero instead of eliminating the ACA's insurance mandate.
Capretta said the action allows Republicans to fulfill a campaign promise of doing everything they could to repeal Obama's healthcare law, and demonstrates what they could accomplish with a Republican president in the White House.
In that situation, however, the GOP would probably need to offer a replacement for the law, and there's no consensus in the party about what that would look like. House Speaker Paul Ryan (R-Wis.) says the party will introduce an alternative to the Affordable Care Act next year.
наблюдение беременности
Был найден мной интересный web-сайт с информацией про progressive.com.kz.


Weigh your options to determine the best surgery for you.
In a US News & World Report article, STS member Joe Shrager, MD, professor and chief of the division of surgery at Stanford University School of Medicine, helps explain the surgical treatment options for lung cancer patients, including the less-invasive VATS lobectomy.
The key advantage to VATS is that surgeons work beneath the ribs without spreading them, Dr. Shrager said. Less muscle is divided during surgery, and patients have much less pain afterward. Hospital stays are shorter, and patients come off pain medicine, recover and return to full activity sooner. However, according to Dr. Shrager, not every patient is a good candidate for VATS lobectomy.
Visit US News & World Report to find out more.


Abdollah Mohammadi, postdoctoral research associate in physics, working in a group of Prof. Kaadze, has been named a CMS LHC Physics Center Distinguished Researcher for 2018.
Mohammadi received one of 12 junior awards, which requires an established track record of expertise in a specific area of experimental high energy physics, or an activity related to the Compact Muon Solenoid detector upgrade at the Large Hadron Collidr at CERN.
The distinguished researcher program is a defining feature of the LHC Physics Center at Fermilab. The colleagues selected are accomplished individuals at different stages of their career. This program provides resources to help strengthen and expand their research programs.
Mohammadi said he will continue exploration of the energy frontier to look for dark matter particle and measure properties of the Higgs boson as a part of the K-State physics program at the Large Hadron Collider.
Funding for the program is from the LHC Physics Center at Fermilab and a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy.


text:
Cis gravipennis är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Perkins 1931. Cis gravipennis ingår i släktet Cis och familjen trädsvampborrare. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Trädsvampborrare
gravipennis