The role of the Compensation Committee (the "Committee") of the Board of Directors of Republic Glass Holdings Corporation (the "Corporation") is to oversee the establishment, administration of the Company's compensation program, review the compensation of the executive officers and prepare any report on executive compensation required by the rules and regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Composition and Qualifications. The Committee's composition and qualifications shall meet the requirements of the rules of Securities and Exchange Commission, as well as the applicable regulations of the Company's Manual on Corporate Governance. Accordingly, the Committee shall be comprised of not less than three members of the Board of Directors, one of whom is determined by the Board of Directors to be "independent" under the rules of Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). The Board based on the nominations recommended by the Company's Nomination Committee shall appoint members.
Appointment and Removal. The members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Board of Directors, taking into consideration the recommendation of the Nomination Committee, and shall serve at the pleasure of the Board and for such terms as the Board may determine. The members of the Committee may be removed, with or without cause, by action of the Full Board of Directors.
Chairman. The Committee shall designate one member of the Committee as its chairperson. The Committee Chairman will chair in all regular sessions of the Committee and set the agendas for the Committee meetings.
Subcommittees. The Compensation Committee may delegate any of its responsibilities and duties to one or more members of the Compensation Committee, as they shall deem necessary or appropriate.
Availability of Outside Advisors. The Committee may directly engage outside advisors (legal, accounting, and any others as deemed necessary or appropriation in carrying its duties and responsibilities) of its choosing at the Company's expenses. The Company shall provide funding determined appropriate by the Committee for any such advisors and firms.
Access to Information and Employees. The Committee is empowered to investigate any matter relating to its purpose, duties or responsibilities that it deems appropriate and shall have full and direct access to all books, records, facilities and personnel of the Company.
Delegation. The Committee shall have the authority to authorize and delegate matters within its power and responsibility directly to the Company employees, management committees composed of the Company employees or other, subject to the limitation imposed by any plan, documents or applicable laws or regulation.
Attendance at Committee Meetings. The Committee shall meet at such times, as the Committee shall consider appropriate to fulfill its duties and responsibilities. Members are expected to attend meetings in person but in special circumstances by means of telephone conference call or other electronic means. Written or electronic minutes of each meeting shall be prepared and filed with the records of the Company and shall be available to any and all Directors of the Company.
Meeting Attendees. The Committee may invite any Director, member of the management or any other person to its meetings, as it may deem desirable or appropriate.
The duties and responsibilities of the Compensation Committee shall be the common recurring activities of the Committee in carrying out its purposes. The Committee may assume additional functions or adopt additional policies and procedures as may be appropriate to carry out its purposes.
Oversee and evaluate the Company's Human Resources planning process and succession plans or the CEO and other senior executive positions. Recommend to the Board of Directors candidates for these positions.
Establish and review annually an emergency succession plan for the CEO and other senior executive positions.
Review periodically with the CEO the quality of the management group and the planning and implementation of programs for talent development, emphasizing alignment with the Company's strategic and operating plans.
Establish and review the Company's general compensation philosophy, and oversee the development and implementation of compensation programs.
Review and approve corporate goals and objectives relevant to the compensation of the Chief Executive Officer / President (the "CEO"). Evaluate the performance of the CEO in light of these criteria, and based on such evaluation, approve annual salary, bonus and other incentive awards, remuneration or executive benefits to the CEO. In determining the long-term incentive component of CEO compensation, the Committee shall consider, among other factors, the Company's performance and relative shareholder return, the value of similar incentives awards to chief executive offices at comparable companies, the awards given to the CEO in the past years.
Review and approve corporate goals relevant to the senior officer's compensation including annual performance objectives. Review and approve senior officers' salary, bonus and awards in light of performance against these goals.
Review compensation and employee benefit programs applicable to the senior management of the Company whether they are properly coordinated and achieving the intended purpose. Review policies for the administration of executive programs and oversee the activities of those responsible for plan administration. Review and approve the establishment, amendment, modification, or termination of all supplemental compensation programs and incentive programs.
In consultation with senior management, oversees regulatory compliance with respect to compensation matters, including overseeing the Company's policies on structuring compensation programs to preserve tax deductibility. Establish processes or procedures necessary in order to obtain favorable tax treatment that the Committee deems as required by law related to any Company employee benefit plan, compensation arrangement or other award applicable to senior officers of the Company.
Review periodically and make recommendations to the board concerning the level/status of the Board compensation in relation to best practices of other similarly situated public companies.
Evaluate annually the performance of the Committee and report the results of evaluation to the Board of Directors. Prepare and approve all reports of committee in accordance with the applicable rules and regulation of the SEC.
Review these Guidelines annually and reassess the adequacy of these Guidelines and recommend to the Board of Directors any amendments to these Guidelines. Amendments to these Guidelines are subject to the full Board approval.
Discharge any responsibilities delegated by the Board of Directors relating to the Company's compensation programs.


Hi all. Great little theme, silentmusic.
Inexplicably (that is, no messing about with CSS or PHP code at ALL), the hyperlinks for the main menu ceased displaying, and indeed, no longer point to the pages the names imply.
It's not a permalink issue -- I've set and reset all of those. It's not a landing page issue -- that's not been anything I changed.
The theme supports two menus: main and top. On the top menu, I have two parent-child drop down menus, which work on computer and mobile platforms. The main menu simply doesn't respond, not even when I use the working top menu as the main menu also. I've also tried the workaround in the dashboard->menu of using "custom links" instead of pages -- to no avail.
I should mention that appending the names of the pages (/projects, /journal) works, but only manually.
tl;dr Menu pages on virtualbluegrass.com don't provide links.
Not sure how to attack this. Any experts?
I've tried to check your website but there is the Desound theme installed.
Have you changed the theme? Now all the menus are working as I can see.


Located in the heart of the City, Meche is Canberra's premier nightclub. Part of Canberra's hottest nightspot, Meche has cemented its position at the forefront of the urban clubbing scene, hosting Canberra's most successful RnB Club Night, Any Given Saturday, every Saturday night.
With industry renowned resident DJs and guest spots by some of the hottest talent from Australia and overseas, Meche is the only place to be if you're looking for a great night out. With three impressive bars, a huge dance floor, exclusive private booths, and featuring Canberra's only open-air rooftop bar, Meche is indisputably Canberra's most exciting nightspot.
Whether you're looking for a place to catch up with friends in a lively atmosphere, craving to hit the dance floor to the best music in the urban scene, or just wanting to dress up and be noticed, Meche caters for it all.


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text:
Sep 10, 2015, 10:03AM
Fat-Shaming Is Wrong, Obesity Is Unhealthy
In this age of sensitivity, the difference is hard to see.
Last weekend I had a lot of homework, so naturally I aimlessly scrolled through Facebook. It's always the same deal; I keep going until there's something offensive or disappointing enough to inspire me to move on to another method of procrastination. Every time I get a little closer to deleting my Facebook account—if that's a possibility, but there are so many others that have made that promise and shown up on my feed a week later that I don't.
This time, the post that struck me was particularly disturbing. It was a video of TLC star Whitney Way Thore ranting about another video made by some YouTube-famous mega-bitch, Nicole Arbour. There were a lot of things wrong with it. The initial video, made by the very thin, very blonde Arbour, began with her saying that "fat-shaming is not a thing" and goes on to tell overweight people to "stop eating." Thore is the star of a show called My Big Fat Fabulous Life, and is, as she states in her video, over 300 pounds. I understand why she was offended by Arbour, because I was too. And I agree with her overall point, which is that you can't tell much about a person by looking at them. She explains that she's recovering from an eating disorder and polycystic ovarian syndrome, which causes weight gain.
But there are problems with her video, too. She says that talking about her diabetes would be a "season two spoiler." She declares that airplanes should have seats for people who are "really large." She compares telling someone to lose weight to asking someone to change his or her religion. There's a fact about being overweight that she doesn't mention: it's unhealthy.
Some people who are overweight or obese may be offended by the statement or believe that I'm fat-shaming them. Of course, I wouldn't go up to a stranger on the street and ask their weight, calculate their BMI and tell them that obesity is unhealthy, but to a friend I might express concern as I would any other self-injurious behavior. There are multiple accounts of people who were offended by doctors who tried to encourage them to lose weight. Unless it's done in an unprofessional or shameful manner, it's for the sake of their patient's health and to prevent them from contracting one of the several life-threatening conditions that affect obese individuals.
No one should be humiliated or put down because of their size. There are sites on the Internet, particularly Tumblr, where thin or muscular people are discriminated against in favor of larger-sized individuals. These are dangerous prejudices that are counterproductive. We should've learned not to make fun of each other at a young age.
—Follow Sarah on Twitter: @birdy_grace
Older Consume
The BLT Isn't the Denali of American Cuisine
Miss Shirley's Is Baltimore's Most Overrated Restaurant
Mexican Overdrive
Newer Consume
How to Make a $1,500 Sandwich in Only Six Months
In Praise of French Cut Boxers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Get Your Italian Dual Citizenship: Fill out forms for you and your ancestors indicating that you have never renounced your Italian citizenship.
One way that an Italian citizen could lose that citizenship, as provided for in Law 555 of 1912, was by renouncing that citizenship at an Italian consulate while residing abroad or alternatively by formally stating the intention to renounce that citizenship while residing in Italy and then moving abroad within a year. This was distinct from losing citizenship via a foreign naturalization, as this renunciation was required to have taken place in front of an Italian governmental official, not a foreign one.
Thus if a person claims to have Italian citizenship by birth, or that an ancestor had been an Italian citizen, the consulate at which that person is applying will want to contact other consulates covering the areas where that claimant and his or her ancestors resided to verify that none of these people every formally renounced Italian citizenship.
This is generally a formality, as cases of Italians actually renouncing their citizenship this way were very rare.
To facilitate this verification, some consulates require that jure sanguinis applicants fill out declaration forms that state that the applicant and his or her ancestors in the applicant's direct line never renounced Italian citizenship and furthermore list all the places where those ancestors lived as an adult. (Since minors could not renounce, it doesn't matter where such people resided as children.) Whether consulates really contact all the other consulates that cover the places on these lists is unknown, although in a few cases at least it seems that the consulate did so.
Need help with translations for Dual citizenship in-italy applications? I'm here ;)


text:
Q: VecUtil: take nth element of processed vector by two slightly different way I want to prove trivial_request and think we need request_eq to prove trivial_request.
Lemma request_eq : forall (n k:nat)(a b:Euc (S n))(H:(S k < S n)%nat),
Vnth (request (λ _ : Euc 0, id) Vnil a b) H =
Vnth (request (λ _ : Euc 0, id) Vnil (Vtail a) (Vtail b)) (lt_S_n H).
Proof.
destruct n; intros.
inversion H; inversion H1.
suff main : (forall (k m n:nat)(v1 v2:Euc (S (S m)))(v3:Euc (S (S n)))(H3:((S k) < (S (S n)))%nat),
(k <= (S n) <= (S m))%nat ->
Vnth (updateRnA (λ _ : Euc 0, id) Vnil v1 v2 v3) H3 =
Vnth (updateRnA (λ _ : Euc 0, id) Vnil (Vtail v1) (Vtail v2) (Vtail v3)) (lt_S_n H3)).
have [klen | ngtk] := (Compare_dec.le_lt_dec k (S n)).
rewrite (main k n n a b); intuition.
have : (k < S n)%nat; lia.
induction k0; intros.
VSntac v3; VSntac (Vtail v3); rewrite /=.
rewrite 2!Derive_deriveA_id 2!Vnth_tail.
rewrite (Vnth_eq v1 (kLess (S m) (n0 - 0)) (lt_n_S (kLess m (n0 - 0)))); try lia.
rewrite (Vnth_eq v2 (kLess (S m) (n0 - 0)) (lt_n_S (kLess m (n0 - 0)))) //; try lia.
have : ((S k0) < S (S n0))%nat. move: H3; lia. move => H4.
have : (k0 <= S n0 <= S m)%nat. lia. move => H5.
move: (IHk0 m n0 v1 v2 v3 H4 H5) => H6.
Abort.

Lemma trivial_request : forall (k A:nat)(a b:Euc A)(H:(k < A)%nat),
   Vnth (request (fun p:Euc 0 => id) Vnil a b) H =
   Vnth a H - deriveA (fun p:Euc 0 => id) Vnil a b H.
Proof.
induction k; intros; destruct a.
inversion H.
rewrite /= 2!Derive_deriveA_id.
rewrite (Vnth_eq b (kLess n (n - 0)) H);last first. lia.
rewrite (Vnth_eq (Vcons h a) (kLess n (n - 0)) H) => //; lia.
inversion H.
rewrite Derive_deriveA_id.
VSntac b.
move: (IHk n a (Vtail b) (lt_S_n H)) => IHk2.
rewrite Derive_deriveA_id in IHk2.
rewrite request_eq /=.
apply IHk2.
Qed.

request updates elements of vector with gradient of an arbitrary function on its element. deriveA return gradients on each elements.
I must limit value of k and A more over 1 to pass two vectors to Vtail. Induction on A may be useless because size of vector is limitted more over 1. But, I don't know other usefull way.
I only need to prove trivial_request, so if there is a better way, please let me know. Please tell me your solution.
Require Import Psatz.
From mathcomp Require Import ssreflect.
Require Import Coq.Reals.Reals.
Require Import CoLoR.Util.Vector.VecUtil.
Require Import Coquelicot.Coquelicot.
Require Import Coq.Init.Datatypes.

Definition Euc (n:nat) := vector R n.
Definition EucSum {A}(e:Euc A) :R:= Vfold_right Rplus e 0.
Definition QE (r1 r2:R):R:= (/ 2)*((r1 - r2)^2).
Definition QuadraticError {n : nat} (v1 v2: Euc n) :Euc n:= Vmap2 QE v1 v2.

Definition kLess (P k:nat): (P - k < (S P))%nat.
lia. Defined.

Definition deriveA {P A B}(I:Euc P -> Euc A -> Euc B)
                          (p :Euc P)(input:Euc A)(train:Euc B){k:nat}(H:(k < A)%nat):R:=
Derive (fun x => EucSum (QuadraticError (I p (@Vreplace R A input k H x)) train))
                                                            (@Vnth R A input k H).

Definition updateRnA {P A B} :(Euc P -> Euc (S A) -> Euc B) ->
                               Euc P -> Euc (S A) -> Euc B -> forall {n:nat}, Euc n -> Euc n:=
fun I p input train => fix fr {n} v:=
    match v with
    |Vnil => Vnil
    |Vcons x _ xs => Vcons (x - (deriveA I p input train (kLess A (n-1)))) (fr xs)
    end.

Definition request {P A B} :(Euc P -> Euc A -> Euc B) -> Euc P -> Euc A -> Euc B -> Euc A.
 refine (match A with
           | O => fun _ _ _ _ => Vnil
           | S A' => _
           end);
 intros I p input train;
 exact (updateRnA I p input train input).
Defined.

We may need Derive_deriveA_id to prove request_eq.
Lemma ex_deriveA_id k : forall (n:nat)(a b: Euc n)(H:(k < n)%nat),
ex_derive (fun x : R => EucSum (QuadraticError (id (Vreplace a H x)) b)) (Vnth a H).
Proof.
induction k; intros; destruct a; rewrite /EucSum/=/QE.
inversion H.
apply (ex_derive_plus _ _ _ (ex_derive_scal _ _ _ (ex_derive_pow _ _ _
                           (ex_derive_minus _ _ _ (ex_derive_id _) (ex_derive_const _ _))))
                                                                   (ex_derive_const _ _)).
inversion H.
rewrite /EucSum/= in IHk.
apply (ex_derive_plus _ _ _ (ex_derive_const _ _) (IHk n a (Vtail b) (lt_S_n H))).
Qed.

Lemma Derive_deriveA_id k : forall (n:nat)(a b: Euc n)(H:(k < n)%nat),
(deriveA (fun p:Euc 0 => id) Vnil a b H) = Vnth a H - Vnth b H.
Proof.
induction k; intros; destruct a; rewrite /deriveA/EucSum/=.
inversion H.
rewrite /=/QE;
rewrite (Derive_plus _ _ _ (ex_derive_scal _ _ _ (ex_derive_pow _ _ _
                           (ex_derive_minus _ _ _ (ex_derive_id _) (ex_derive_const _ _))))
                                                                   (ex_derive_const _ _))
(Derive_const _ _) Derive_scal
(Derive_pow _ _ _ (ex_derive_minus _ _ _ (ex_derive_id _) (ex_derive_const _ _)))
(Derive_minus _ _ _ (ex_derive_id _) (ex_derive_const _ _)) Derive_id (Derive_const _ _)
/= Rplus_comm Rplus_0_l Rminus_0_r -Rmult_assoc 2!Rmult_1_r Rinv_l; auto; rewrite Rmult_1_l
(Vnth_eq b H (Nat.lt_0_succ n)); auto; rewrite -Vhead_nth //.
inversion H.
rewrite /deriveA/EucSum/id in IHk.
rewrite (Derive_plus _ _ _ (ex_derive_const _ _) (ex_deriveA_id k n a (Vtail b) (lt_S_n H)))
        (Derive_const _ _) /EucSum/id Rplus_comm Rplus_0_r
        (IHk n a (Vtail b) (lt_S_n H)) -(Vnth_eq b (lt_n_S (lt_S_n H)) H (eq_refl (S k)))
        (Vnth_tail b (lt_S_n H)) //.
Qed.

A: I have solved it on my own.
Lemma updateRnA_tail : forall (k n m:nat)(v1 v2:Euc (S m))(v3:Euc (S n))(H3:((S k) < (S n))%nat),
(k <= (S n) <= (S m))%nat ->
Vnth (updateRnA (λ _ : Euc 0, id) Vnil v1 v2 v3) H3 =
Vnth (updateRnA (λ _ : Euc 0, id) Vnil v1 v2 (Vtail v3)) (lt_S_n H3).
Proof.
induction k; intros; destruct n.
inversion H3; try lia.
VSntac v3; rewrite /=//.
inversion H3; try lia.
VSntac v3; rewrite /=//.
Qed.

Lemma request_eq : forall (n k:nat)(a b:Euc (S n))(H:(S k < S n)%nat),
Vnth (request (λ _ : Euc 0, id) Vnil a b) H =
Vnth (request (λ _ : Euc 0, id) Vnil (Vtail a) (Vtail b)) (lt_S_n H).
Proof.
destruct n; intros.
inversion H; inversion H1.
suff main : (forall (k n m:nat)(v1 v2:Euc (S (S m)))(v3:Euc (S (S n)))(H3:((S k) < (S (S n)))%nat),
(k <= (S n) <= (S m))%nat ->
Vnth (updateRnA (λ _ : Euc 0, id) Vnil v1 v2 v3) H3 =
Vnth (updateRnA (λ _ : Euc 0, id) Vnil (Vtail v1) (Vtail v2) (Vtail v3)) (lt_S_n H3)).
have [klen | ngtk] := (Compare_dec.le_lt_dec k (S n)).
rewrite (main k n n a b); intuition.
have : (k < S n)%nat; lia.
induction k0; intros; destruct n0.
VSntac v3; VSntac (Vtail v3); rewrite /=.
rewrite 2!Derive_deriveA_id 2!Vnth_tail.
rewrite (Vnth_eq v1 (kLess (S m) 0) (lt_n_S (kLess m 0))); try lia;
rewrite (Vnth_eq v2 (kLess (S m) 0) (lt_n_S (kLess m 0))) //; try lia.
VSntac v3; VSntac (Vtail v3); rewrite /=.
rewrite 2!Derive_deriveA_id 2!Vnth_tail.
rewrite (Vnth_eq v1 (kLess (S m) (S n0)) (lt_n_S (kLess m (S n0)))); try lia;
rewrite (Vnth_eq v2 (kLess (S m) (S n0)) (lt_n_S (kLess m (S n0)))) //; try lia.
inversion H0; inversion H1; try lia; subst; inversion H3; try lia.
have : (k0 <= S n0 <= S m)%nat; try lia. move => H4.
move: (IHk0 n0 m v1 v2 (Vtail v3) (lt_S_n H3) H4) => H5.
VSntac v3; rewrite /= H5 updateRnA_tail //; try lia.
Qed.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Iraq has the world's second largest proven oil reserves. According to oil industry experts, new exploration will probably raise Iraq's reserves to 200+ billion barrels of high-grade crude, extraordinarily cheap to produce. The four giant firms located in the US and the UK have been keen to get back into Iraq, from which they were excluded with the nationalization of 1972. During the final years of the Saddam era, they envied companies from France, Russia, China, and elsewhere, who had obtained major contracts. But UN sanctions (kept in place by the US and the UK) kept those contracts inoperable. Since the invasion and occupation of Iraq in 2003, much has changed. In the new setting, with Washington running the show, "friendly" companies expect to gain most of the lucrative oil deals that will be worth hundreds of billions of dollars in profits in the coming decades.
The Iraqi constitution of 2005, greatly influenced by US advisors, contains language that guarantees a major role for foreign companies. Negotiators hope soon to complete deals on Production Sharing Agreements that will give the companies control over dozens of fields, including the fabled super-giant Majnoon. But first the Parliament must pass a new oil sector investment law allowing foreign companies to assume a major role in the country. The US has threatened to withhold funding as well as financial and military support if the law does not soon pass. Although the Iraqi cabinet endorsed the draft law in July 2007, Parliament has balked at the legislation. Most Iraqis favor continued control by a national company and the powerful oil workers union strongly opposes de-nationalization. Iraq's political future is very much in flux, but oil remains the central feature of the political landscape.
On this page we post many materials on the history of Iraq's oil and the international struggles to control it. Of special interest is information on the control of Iraq oil in the World War I era, the role of the international companies in Iraq and the Middle East, and the disputes leading up to Iraq's oil nationalization in 1972.
This ministry cable provides a record of conversations in May 2003 between the Australian Minister for Foreign Affairs and Trade, several executives of Australia's biggest company and former UK Foreign Minister Sir Malcolm Rifkind. At issue was control of a large oilfield in Iraq. According to these minutes, the Anglo-Australian mining company was planning to "register an early bid" with the US government to "secure the Halfayah field investment" in partnership with Anglo-Dutch oil giant Shell. The cable refers to other negotiations by major oil companies for Iraq's biggest fields. The talks, which occurred in London, took place just two months after the Australians joined the UK and the US in the invasion of Iraq and shortly before the US president prematurely declared "victory." Though relatively brief, the document is very rich in evidence about the role of oil in the war and corporate and government maneuvers to line up the spoils. Participants clearly considered that the US would mainly control the division of the oil, rather than any future Iraqi government. (Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade) See GPF's commentary.
Click here to view the original document from the website of the Cole Inquiry.
A decade after the US-led invasion of Iraq, Iraqi citizens struggle to find a uniting vision. A violent war-legacy, Western interests, regional power plays and bitter sectarianism continue to divide Iraq. Sectarian strife has flared once again, with the ruling Shi'ites and Kurds accused of carrying out attacks against Sunnis. In return, the Sunni population is staging mass protests and strikes against political inequality, and demanding the end of Sunni disfranchisement under the new political system. Furthermore, business elites are taking advantage of the country's divisions. Disputes between the Iraqi and Kurdish government grow over the control of oil fields. Both governments have amassed troops around the oil rich Kurdish region. Tensions are exacerbated by multinationals, such as Exxon, which has bypassed the central government in Baghdad to make lucrative oil and gas deals.
Click here to view photos of Iraq's November 2009 oil deals here.
ZNet reports that large Iraqi oil and gas reserves will be privatized under US influence. The author suggests that the Iraqi government, the oil ministry in Baghdad and the Kurdish Regional Government want to open up to international oil companies. Shell has already acquired a 49 percent share in a joint venture with the Iraqi national gas company. Furthermore, the Iraqi government is working on a new oil and gas privatization law that will lead to large additional foreign stakes in the country's hydrocarbon resources.
This Jurist article examines how the proposed Iraqi draft oil law would take sovereignty from the Iraqi State and give control over the majority of Iraqi oil resources to foreign companies such as Exon Mobil, Shell, and BP. Foreign oil companies in Iraq stand to make enormous profits at the expense of the welfare of Iraq's people.
Ever since President Franklin D. Roosevelt promised to protect Saudi Arabian royalty in return for privileged US access to Saudi oil, US governments have regarded access to overseas oil supplies a matter of "national security." Troops have guarded pipelines and refineries and the US has engaged in wars to secure their sources of energy. This article from Le Monde diplomatique argues that the US should change its tactics, end its warfare in the Middle East and instead create an energy policy with focus on domestic, renewable sources of energy.
Great powers can no longer secure energy resources through military means as the side "with the most guns goes bankrupt," this essay claims. Iran has negotiated lucrative energy contracts with Iraq, whilst the US spends US$1 billion a week in fuel costs to secure Iraq's oil reserves. China and Russia project global influence through economic alliances that keep them out of the battlefield. This American Conservative analysis concludes that the US can either "chase its own fuel tail," or adapt to a world where markets trump militarism.
Two conferences on Iraq's oil were held simultaneously in September 2007. In Dubai, big international oil companies declare Iraq as "open for business," while in Basra, workers, experts and civil society leaders argue that the "oil belongs to the Iraqi people." The author of this Carbon Web Newsletter article suggests the meetings demonstrate the great divide between what Iraqis want and what the oil law will actually provide. Further, while the US claims the law will allow for political reconciliation, the author notes that the law barely mentions revenue sharing.
In this Independent article, Ewa Jasiewicz speaks of the fight for access to Iraq's vast oil reserves. The author says that the growing public opposition to foreign control of Iraq's oil has stalled the "black goldrush" that oil companies were hoping for.
The Bush administration defines the conflict in Iraq as a 'religious civil war,' with 'sectarian conflict' between 'militants' being the root cause of violence. In this significant Alternet article, Joshua Holland and Raed Jarrar argue that the struggle is due to political questions about Iraq's future, namely, whether Iraq will have a central government or partitioned regional governments; who will control Iraq's oil industry and the extent of foreign influence in the country. The authors indicate "the religious civil war narrative obscures the fact that the US is not working towards political reconciliation in Iraq."
The US Commerce Department has announced it will appoint an international legal adviser to assist in the drafting of laws and regulations governing Iraq's oil and gas fields. The Department says the adviser will provide technical assistance to Iraq and US government agencies to allow for "domestic and foreign investment in Iraq's key economic sectors, starting with the mineral resources sector." According to Walter Pincus from the Washington Post, the appointment comes as the US intensifies its pressure on the Iraq government to pass the oil and revenue sharing laws. The announcement signals US intentions to have a long term say in Iraq's oil industry.
In this Washington Post article, the author tracks the development of Iraq's oil law as a "political achievement" capable of uniting Iraqis. over an issue that has instead "torn Iraqis further apart." Responding to US pressure, the Iraqi oil ministry drafted a national oil law in 2006. Since then, disputes between the Baghdad government and the Kurdistan regional government over the terms of the draft have led to a breakdown in negotiations. However, a US Embassy official suggests that oil revenue is already being distributed throughout Iraq without a legislative framework. This indicates there is time for an oil law to be drafted that benefits the Iraqi people and promotes rather than hinders reconciliation between the central and regional powers.
The Federal Parliament in Baghdad has not officially adopted the oil law in Iraq despite pressure from the US, the IMF and international oil companies. According to Munir Chalabi from ZNet, the delays are partly caused by an increase in public awareness of the oil law, a worsening security situation, and voiced opposition from Iraqi trade unions, economists, lawyers and some members of the Iraqi government. Washington desperately needs the Iraqi Parliament to pass the law to show Congress that there is "progress" in Iraq. But, "as time passes and more people come to understand the law, this will increase the chance of its defeat."
To the disappointment of the Bush administration and oil lobbyists, Iraq's Parliament adjourned for the summer without adopting the controversial US-backed hydrocarbon law. More and more Iraqis, including oil technocrats, trade unions and even government officials, recognize that the proposed legislation does not serve their national interests. In light of Washington's attempts to hastily push through the oil law, this Guardian article concludes that "the more people [understand] what the law entails, the greater the chances of its defeat."
The US, Britain and the IMF put economic and diplomatic pressure on Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki to enact the proposed oil law as a political benchmark, claiming the law will promote modernization and equity. The truth is that Iraq will become a "weak unproductive economy that remains subservient to oil interests and imperial powers," argues Kamil Mahadi of the Transnational Institute. The law will give multinational companies control over Iraq's oil and inhibit Iraqis from taking control over their own resources to invest in developing the country.
US Congress has passed a bill to continue funding the occupation in Iraq. However, restrictions demand that the Iraqi government meet certain benchmarks in order to receive US money for reconstruction. One of these benchmarks is the privatization of Iraq's oil which would mean unhindered access for foreign firms to the majority of Iraq's oilfields for the next 30 years. This truthout article argues that the US$120 billion dollar "Support the Troops" legislation has more to do with protecting US oil interests than supporting US troops, who will likely remain in Iraq for many years.
After four years of US occupation, oil production in Iraq remains far below prewar levels. Pipeline sabotage and theft, especially in the north of the country where Kurds and Arabs are struggling over oil, have made Iraqis lose billions of dollars in revenue. This Wall Street Journal article shows that a sophisticated network of smugglers, corrupt officials, desert tribes and insurgents are diverting crude oil from Iraq's pipeline, producing fuel at clandestine refineries and selling it on the black market. Since 2003, the US and Iraqi governments have been unable to fix the oil meters, allowing thousands of barrels of oil a day to disappear.
This TomDispatch article shows that the US government has always seen Iraq's oil as vital to its national interests and is willing to use "all means necessary" to ensure access to it. According to experts, Iraq's oil reserves could be the biggest in the world, exceeding 400 billion barrels. Washington is trying to have Iraq's Parliament pass a hydrocarbon law that would grant US companies exclusive control over Iraq's oil resources and assure them huge profits. However, the law is stalled in the Parliament as most Iraqis believe it "aims to rob Iraq's national wealth and undermine the sovereignty of the state."
This United Press International article warns of the fragile security situation in the city of Basra, in the heart of Iraq's main oil producing area. Two opposing Shia groups have clashed violently. Moqtada al-Sadr's party and the Fadila Party are battling over control of the city, as well as influence over the central government in Baghdad and the oil industry. The battles over the Iraq's Oil Ministry could destabilize the government. Further, these rivalries could lead to disruption of the oil sector, threatening Iraq's most important source of revenue.
According to this Telegraph article, the British BG Group could be the first major western oil company to invest in Iraq. The company appears to be interested in exploring oil in the north of the country and has sent teams to this region, where a fifth of Iraqi reserves are located. Nevertheless, an agreement with BG would be seen as a coup for the Kurdish government, which contends that it should be able to sign its own deals. Although the draft oil law approved by the Iraqi cabinet established that the Kurdish authorities could make their own agreements, it failed to state clearly how the revenues will be distributed among the regions.
The Iraqi Cabinet approved a hydrocarbon law that will allow foreign companies to control Iraq's vast oil resources. In order to avoid controversy, the term Production Sharing Agreements was replaced by Exploration and Risk Contracts, but both mean that Iraq is renouncing its sovereignty and handing over exclusive rights and huge profits to private oil companies. According to Ewa Jasiewicz, a researcher at PLATFORM, "the law's unfair, untransparent and undemocratic provisions reflect the influence and interests of external actors, namely the US and British governments and their major oil companies."
Observers expect the Iraqi Parliament to pass legislation re-shaping the country's oil industry. However, because of differences between Iraq's federal and local governments, this Dow Jones article foresees a possible delay of several months in the passage of the law. The semi-autonomous Kurdish region in northern Iraq has already signed agreements with small oil companies, and the central government in Baghdad fears that this could set a precedent in the oil-rich South. Further, no consensus exists on the sharing of oil revenues, the types of contracts to award foreign oil companies and the creation of the Iraqi National Oil Company. These issues could lead to further opposition to the occupation.
The controversial oil law that the Iraqi Parliament is expected to pass will give foreign companies control of the world's third-largest oil resources. Several oil companies have reportedly sent teams to the country to lobby for contracts. This Independent article points out that since the Iraqi government lacks the capacity to negotiate better deals, the country risks renouncing much of its sovereignty as well as significant financial gains from any agreements. According to James Paul, the executive director of Global Policy Forum, "it is not an exaggeration to say that the overwhelming majority of the population would be opposed to this. To do it anyway, with minimal discussion within the [Iraqi] parliament is really just pouring more oil on the fire."
Time Magazine comparatively details the cost of oil in 1979 between the US, Saudi Arabia, the North Sea and Iraq.


text:
L'arrêt Ex parte Crow Dog , est un jugement rendu par la Cour suprême des États-Unis sur un conflit entre deux membres d'une même tribu amérindienne sur des terres d'une réserve indienne. Le chef Crow Dog est accusé d'avoir tué une autre personne, le chef Spotted Tail.

La Cour suprême a statué qu'un tribunal fédéral n'avait pas compétence pour juger Crow Dog ex parte, un membre de la tribu des Brûlés des Lakotas, lorsque l'infraction avait déjà été jugée par le conseil tribal. La tribu avait déjà traité l'affaire selon la tradition Sioux et Crow Dog avait versé un dédommagement. Toutefois, le gouvernement des États-Unis a poursuivi également Crow Dog pour assassinat et il a été condamné à la pendaison. La Cour suprême a jugé qu'à moins que le Congrès des États-Unis ne l'autorise, les tribunaux n'ont pas compétence pour juger l'affaire.

Cette affaire a donné lieu à l'adoption par le Congrès de la Major Crimes Act (« Loi sur des crimes graves ») en 1885, plaçant quinze crimes graves sous la compétence fédérale s'il est commis par un Amérindien contre un autre Amérindien sur une réserve ou des terres tribales.

Notes et références

Voir aussi

 Non bis in idem

Bibliographie
 .

Arrêt de la Cour suprême des États-Unis
1883 aux États-Unis
1883 en droit

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Balancing & Rejuvenating! This soap brings balance and restores the skin back to it's natural health. Recommended for all skin types. Hemp seed oil provides balance to your body and will help improve any chronic dry skin conditions such as eczema or dermatitis. Moringa is known as the "Miracle Tree" because it's one of the most nutrient rich plants on earth! It contains 90+ nutrients, 46 antioxidants and all the essential amino acids.
Directions: Use on body or face.
Key Ingredients: organic coconut oil, organic sunflower oil, organic hemp seed oil, moringa, rosemary, patchouli essential oil, cedarwood essential oil.


Don't you love it when a recipe feels luxurious and yet, is economical? I do! When I make my Crab Quiche, it looks and tastes like a very expensive dish but because I use canned crab meat, its cost is very affordable.
I love quiches because it's simple to make. For this one, aside from the crust, you only need a few ingredients that will not only add flavor but also add a burst of color.
Cream, eggs, green onions, crab meat and cheese are all you need. You can add whatever cheese you fancy, but I think that the nuttiness of the gruyère is perfect for the crab.
Quiches always make for great meal. Once you have your favorite crust recipe (mine's here), you're in business. And you eat it with a bowl of soup during the cold weather months or pair it with a salad when the days are warmer.
A budget friendly crab quiche to tame those quiche and seafood cravings.
In a small bowl, mix the crab meat, eggs, cream, cheese and green onions. Season with the peppers and a pinch of salt. The sodium from the cheese and the crab meat should be enough for this dish.
Spread it evenly onto the crust and bake for about 30mns until the cream is set and the quiche is slightly golden brown.
This quiche is delicious with a light salad.


Teachers are an important facet of any society and their role is both significant and valuable. They are responsible for imparting knowledge upon young people during those critical formative years of development. In South Africa, research statistics have shown that the country is in dire need of qualified teachers. It is for this reason that Government through the department of education launched the Funza Lushaka Bursary Scheme.
South Africa is one of the fastest developing economies in the world. This rapid development has been attained on the back of financial and human resources. Research however has also shown that there are currently as many as 829 800 unfilled positions for high skilled workers across a wide range of occupations in South Africa.


text:
Q: Importing models to forms in Django I am making a quiz web application and I want to create answers to questions from admin panel, not writing a code for each set of answers. How can I do that?
forms:
from django import forms

ANSWER_CHOICES = [
    ('1', 'First'),
    ('2', 'Second'),
    ('3', 'Third'),
]
class AnswerForm(forms.Form):
    answer = forms.ChoiceField(
        label = '',
        required=False,
        widget=forms.RadioSelect,
        choices=ANSWER_CHOICES,
    )

models:
from django.db import models

class Questions(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField('Question', max_length=200)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

A: In your models.py:
class Question(models.Model):

    OPTION_CHOICES = [
        ('option1', 'option1'),
        ('option2', 'option2'),
        ('option3', 'option3'),
        ('option4', 'option4'),
    ]

    question = models.TextField(unique=True)
    option1 = models.CharField(max_length=200,help_text='Required')
    option2 = models.CharField(max_length=201,help_text='Required')
    option3 = models.CharField(max_length=202,null=True,blank=True,help_text='(Optional)')
    option4 = models.CharField(max_length=204,null=True,blank=True,help_text='(Optional)')
    answer = models.CharField(choices=OPTION_CHOICES,max_length=205,help_text='This answer must be match for given above option..')
    answer_hidden = models.CharField(max_length=206,null=True,blank=True,verbose_name='True Answer',help_text="Your selected option's answer",default='No select any ans. yet!!')
    point = models.IntegerField(default = 1,help_text='Student How many points will get for this given question?')
    solution = models.TextField(blank=True,null=True,help_text='(Optional) If possible! give the specific solution for this question..')
    cr_date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True,verbose_name='Created Date')

    class Meta:
        verbose_name_plural = "Questions"

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(Question, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
        if self.answer == 'option1':
            self.answer_hidden = self.option1
            super(Question, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
        elif self.answer == 'option2':
            self.answer_hidden = self.option2
            super(Question, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
        elif self.answer == 'option3':
            self.answer_hidden = self.option3
            super(Question, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
        elif self.ans2wer == 'option4':
            self.answer_hidden = self.option4
            super(Question, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.question)

select option from the admin panel -> this selected option's ans.
automatic save in hidden_answer field -> show this ans. in front-end

I already made this app Quiz_app


text:
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Rowena "Ro" is a high-spirited 11-year-old hoping to add more spunk to her Christmas celebrations when her parents' divorce is going anything but smoothly.
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Genre: Action, Adventure, Drama, Fantasy, Horror, Sci-Fi, Thriller
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In 1909, two explorers fight to survive after they're left behind while on a Denmark expedition in ice-covered Greenland.
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Genre: Adventure, Drama, History
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Kyuta, a boy living in Shibuya, and Kumatetsu, a lonesome beast from Jutengai, an imaginary world. One day, Kyuta forays into the imaginary world and, as he's looking for his…
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BSAA Chris Redfield enlists the help of government agent Leon S. Kennedy and Professor Rebecca Chambers from Alexander Institute of Biotechnology to stop a death merchant with a vengeance from…
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Despicable Me 2 (2013)
Country: USA, France, Japan
Genre: Adventure, Animation, Comedy, Crime, Family, Fantasy, Sci-Fi
Deadpool tells the origin story of former Special Forces operative turned mercenary Wade Wilson, who after being subjected to a rogue experiment that leaves him with accelerated healing powers, adopts…
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In an alternate universe, very different versions of DC's Trinity fight against the government after they are framed for an embassy bombing.
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Trailer: Christmas …Again?! (2021)