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England international Harry Maguire has said that compatriot Jesse Lingard should have found the net for Manchester United during the club's 2-0 Premier League at Watford. The Red Devils had the chance to open the scoresheet early in the game but Lingard squandered a one-on-one with goalkeeper Ben Foster as he chipped his effort over the bar.
In the second half, the Hornets were the better team during the early stages but ultimately the Red Devils were the reason for their own downfall. A David de Gea blunder contributed to the opening goal and just five minutes later, they conceded a penalty which Troy Deeney comfortably slotted into the net.
Continue reading Maguire insists Jesse Lingard should have scored for Manchester United
Posted on January 11, 2020 Author MarcCategories UncategorizedTags Harry Maguire
Chelsea manager Frank Lampard has confirmed that Ruben Loftus-Cheek has suffered a couple of injury setbacks over the past two months and there is no definite date for his return to the playing field. The England international has been out of action since the closing weeks of the previous campaign where he picked up a serious Achilles injury while playing in a charity game for the Blues.
Initially, it was anticipated that he could make his comeback by the end of the year but that seems unlikely to happen with Lampard revealing that the midfielder has suffered a couple of unexpected setbacks along the way, he told: "He's had a few setbacks over the last two months. He's not had a new one, but it's not flying along as much as we would want. It's not for the want of trying, from everybody and Ruben himself of course. There's nothing worse than being injured. "But at the moment we're no closer to him being fit."
Continue reading Frank Lampard admits injury blow for Chelsea midfielder
Posted on December 21, 2019 Author MarcCategories UncategorizedTags Frank Lampard
Liverpool defender Joe Gomez has acknowledged that he needs regular minutes at the club level in order to stand the chance of representing England regularly. The young defender was picked by Three Lions boss Gareth Southgate for the recent internationals against Bulgaria and Kosovo, but he was left a frustrated figure on the bench in both of those games.
In a report covered by The Mirror, Gomez said that he cannot blame Southgate for the recent treatment, considering there are several players within the squad who have earned more minutes on the playing field this term. He added that his situation with the Reds is acceptable, given the stiff competition for places and he needs to wait for the chance to impress.
Continue reading Joe Gomez admits needs for regular gametime to improve England prospects
Posted on November 16, 2019 Author MarcCategories UncategorizedTags Joe Gomez
England head coach Gareth Southgate has said that Aaron Wan-Bissaka was closely monitored by his coaching staff last season and believe the right-back deserves to make the jump to the senior national team. Wan-Bissaka made the big-money move to Manchester United from Crystal Palace over the summer and he has since accumulated the second-most number of tackles in the new league campaign.
Speaking in a press conference, Southgate said that the Three Lions are gifted with multiple options on the right side of the backline and Wan-Bissaka has been offered the chance to compete with Trent Alexander-Arnold and Kieran Trippier, he told: "We tracked him [Wan-Bissaka] very closely last year and thought he had an outstanding season. But we wanted him to stay with the U21 group, he has adapted well and quickly to a high-profile move. We are looking at him and Trent, that is reason Kyle Walker is not with us."
Continue reading Gareth Southgate explains Aaron Wan-Bissaka's England call-up
Posted on October 5, 2019 Author MarcCategories UncategorizedTags Aaron Wan-Bissaka, Gareth Southgate, John Stones
Manchester City manager Pep Guardiola believes Raheem Sterling has the credentials to reach the 30-goal mark for the Citizens this term. The England international was the standout performer for the Citizens last season with 25 goals across all competitions and Guardiola feels the attacker has the ability to make an improvement during the ongoing campaign.
In a press conference, Guardiola was asked whether Sterling can reach the mark 30-goal mark for the current season and his reply was positive saying: "Yeah, hopefully. It will be good for him and for the team. When he's in front of the goal, he puts it in the net. So, he can do it, yeah. He scored 25 last season, and 25 to 30 is only five goals. So he can do it."
Continue reading Guardiola fancies Sterling to score 30 goals for Manchester City this season
Posted on September 26, 2019 Author MarcCategories UncategorizedTags Aymeric Laporte, Pep Guardiola, Raheem Sterling
Manchester United boss Solskjaer fires warning to Jesse Lingard
Manchester United boss Ole Gunnar Solskjaer has told Jesse Lingard that he needs to produce a better level of performance in order to command a regular starting role next season. The England international had an average 2018/19 season with the Red Devils and he ended the campaign with just five goals across all competitions.
For the current pre-season, Lingard has been a regular feature for the side without success and Solskjaer has cited that the attacker must seek an improvement in terms of the performances, he said:"Jesse has proved before with his big-game goals that he's valuable. But of course I'm going to demand more of him. I think he will be the first one to know that his last season was not up to standard. What we have discussed can be between the two of us, but I expect more from him and he knows what I want. "Jesse knows what it is to be a Manchester United player. At times maybe he's made one or two bad decisions but he's made more good decisions than bad. He's a top boy."
Continue reading Manchester United boss Solskjaer fires warning to Jesse Lingard
Posted on August 14, 2019 Author MarcCategories UncategorizedTags Harry Maguire, jesse lingard, Ole Gunnar Solskjaer
Ian Holloway backs Tammy Abraham to make an impression at Chelsea
Former Queens Park Rangers manager Ian Holloway has said that he is excited to see Tammy Abraham make an impression with Chelsea next season. The England international struggled during a Premier League stint with Swansea City between 2017 and 2018 and that meant that he was loaned out to the Championship with Aston Villa last term.
The move worked out perfectly for the Villains and the striker himself, who scored 26 goals in the Championship and Holloway is looking forward to the striker making a mark with the Blues, he told TalkSPORT: "I'm so excited because I can see Tammy Abraham playing for Chelsea. I was fuming the other day when he was subbed for the England Under-21s.
"OK, when he went to Swansea it didn't work for him because it was his first season in the Premier League, but he's ready now. The boy is an immense talent.He was the second-highest goalscorer in the Championship last season and he's the record goalscorer in their youth set-up. So I'm delighted. I think he's ready for it and it's got to happen now."
Continue reading Ian Holloway backs Tammy Abraham to make an impression at Chelsea
Posted on July 13, 2019 Author MarcCategories UncategorizedTags Michy Batshuayi, Olivier Giroud, Tammy Abraham
Neville believes Leicester City will be under pressure to keep Maguire
Manchester United legend-turned-pundit Gary Neville has said that Leicester City face a huge battle to keep hold of Harry Maguire this summer amid interest from both Manchester United and Manchester City. The England international was heavily linked with a move to the Red Devils last summer but the Foxes managed to sway away the interest by convincing the centre-back to sign a new long-term deal.
Despite this, the speculation regarding the defender's future has refused to cease and recent reports have claimed that United and City could go head-to-head to pursue the services of the former Hull City man. Speaking to Sky Sports, Neville said that Maguire has improved immensely in the past couple of seasons and he can be placed in the bracket of John Stones, considering his composure and ball-playing abilities.
Continue reading Neville believes Leicester City will be under pressure to keep Maguire
Posted on June 27, 2019 Author MarcCategories UncategorizedTags Gary Neville, Harry Maguire, Old Trafford
Darren Anderton insists Jack Grealish won't improve Tottenham
Former Wolverhampton Wanderers ace Darren Anderton has said that Jack Grealish may not necessary improve Tottenham Hotspur, should the north London club make an approach for his services. The 23-year-old was heavily linked with Spurs during last summer's transfer window but ultimately the midfielder decided to stay put with the Villains and sign a new long-term deal.
Since then, he has captained the west Midlands outfit to a second-straight Championship play-off final but Anderton does not believe the midfielder has the credentials to walk straight into the starting lineup at Spurs, he told SportingBet: "Jack Grealish wouldn't improve Tottenham's team and they've got better players in his position already.
Continue reading Darren Anderton insists Jack Grealish won't improve Tottenham
Posted on June 11, 2019 Author MarcCategories UncategorizedTags Darren Anderton, Jack Grealish, Tottenham Hotspur
Pochettino confident of Dele Alli participation in the Champions League final
Tottenham Hotspur boss Mauricio Pochettino is confident that Dele Alli will be available for the Champions League final against Liverpool next month despite appearing exhausted during the final Premier League game of the campaign against Everton. The England international appeared jaded in a lacklustre performance in the first period which saw him substituted at the break.
Speaking to reporters, Pochettino acknowledged that Alli was not in the best of shape for the curtain closer and he had doubts whether the midfielder would start the game in the first place. He added that the substitution was taken as a precaution and the playmaker should return to the mix for the Champions League final in Madrid.
Continue reading Pochettino confident of Dele Alli participation in the Champions League final
Posted on May 27, 2019 Author MarcCategories UncategorizedTags Mauricio Pochettino


At the World Economic Forum, there's a lot of talk about robots, artificial intelligence and how all of that could shape the future of war and work.
A large group of the world's leaders in business and politics have been meeting in Davos, Switzerland, for the World Economic Forum where they've discussed the future of business, technology and the world at large.
But the talks haven't been very positive this year.
Leaders seem especially worried that science fiction might become science fact: There's been a lot of discussion about the problems artificial intelligence might pose.
There was an entire panel called "What if: Robots Go to War?" devoted to the dangers of autonomous weapons.
But there's an undercurrent of worry: As robots get more advanced, they will begin doing jobs that humans do.
Before Davos started, the World Economic Forum released a paper that calculated as many as 5 million jobs could be lost to automation by robots or software. But it also says these advancements could create about 2 million new jobs in certain sectors.
These are issues that are still a few years away, but more and more leaders in the field are taking notice and urging some sort of action.


Today I have been studying the Bible book of First John. This was one of three letters that he wrote (the other two are much shorter – this one goes on and on for a few pages!).
I have noticed as I am reading, that John seems to be talking a lot about being righteous. The Greek word (the language the New Testament of the Bible was written in) for practicing righteousness is paired with loving one another (I John 3:10).
I know that I used to tell my children to always "do what is right". Often that just meant, "follow my rules." Of course, the implication is that I have a solid foundation in understanding what is right and wrong.
For many of us, that foundation has been cemented in the idea of doing what our society considers to be the most honorable thing to do (and that is most often codified in our laws). When societal norms change we adjust our idea of righteousness.
Where does that lead? Of course, that is the big question. It does not lead to selfishness, accumulation for our own sake, stealing and lying, adultery, slander, malice, and a whole bunch of other behaviours that degrade others, disregarding others as made in the image of God. I wonder if it also has to do with manners, and chivalry and other proactive approaches to enhancing others' lives?
Some of my meandering thoughts for the day!


Use round numbers (top 10) for ranking lists for low-involvement products. This will lead to more positive brand evaluations. More exclusive numbers (top 9) will do better for ranking lists for high-involvement products.
Achieving this is amazing. But how are you going to tell it to your public? Of course you want to get the most out of it. What is the best way to tell your public that the quality – which, of course, you already knew you had – is now also confirmed by an independent judge? Will you tell them the exact rank? Or does it bring your brand in a more favorable light when you use more round numbers. To clear this distinction up a little: you could say that your camera became number 7 on the "Top Deals" list of Mediamarkt. Or you could just simply say you've made it to the top 10.
Which frame is more persuasive?
An effect named the comfort tier effect describes that the use of round numbers for ranking lists leads to higher brand evaluations. Why? Simple: people are more comfortable with things they expect. Since ranks like top 10, 20, 50 etcetera are used more often, we feel more comfortable with it than with a more exclusive number like for example top 9 or top 18. Results are very clear. Researchers found that people were willing to pay 10% more for a product ranked as a top 10 member, compared to a product ranked as top 9.
Easy, so it seems. But of course there are exceptions.
People differ in the way they process information on such ranking lists. Most of the time, people process such information outside consciousness. They do not pay much attention to such lists. It's for this reason that the fluency of round numbers works so well for most brands. But sometimes choices are a bit more complex than the choice of what you will be eating tonight. In this case, we use a different way of processing. This is the case with high-involvement products. People will be more curious to know why products are ranked the way they are, and which rank exactly it is they received.
In this case, people will process the information on ranking lists more consciously. When they realize the information handed to them is not transparent at all, they will get annoyed. Top 50 can mean #17, but also #49. We feel shielded from the truth. That is why in these cases, it is better to use a more exact rank.
Let's look at an example for both categories. In Holland we celebrate New Years Eve by Sinking our teeth in deep fried donut-y treats named 'oliebollen'. Every year hundreds of donut bakers compete for the best oliebol. Since donuts are low-involvement products, the successful bakers would pack an extra persuasive punch by telling their customers they made it to the top 10 for best donuts. On the other hand, Samsung - who sells mostly high-involvement products - would benefit more from telling their customers they reached rank #7 in the contest for best phones of 2016 on a big review website. This will communicate their transparency.
So think well when you receive the good news. Make sure you hit the right number. After all you didn't deliver all the hard work for nothing!
Isaac, M. S., Brough, A. R., & Grayson, K. (2015). Is Top 10 Better Than Top 9? The Role of Expectations in Consumer Response to Imprecise Rank Claims. Journal of Marketing Research.
Written by Diede Vendrig on Monday, 09 May 2016.


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The 1713 Wells Charity of Wavendon
The Wells' Charity, of Wavendon
In 1836, the Commissioner of Charities published a report, "The Further Report of the Commissioners for inquiring concerning Charities". This extract is the entry for Wavendon, from the Buckinghamshire volume.
It gives a very detailed history of the Wells Charity, and also a couple of other charitable concerns in the village around that time. The Wells Charity is still running, providing assistance to Wavendon scholars with help for costs of books, uniforms and equipment as part of a full time college, University or NVQs. course.
Wells's Free School
George Wells, of Wavendon, by his Will, bearing date 17 January 1713, and proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury 28 April 1714, bequeathed £800 to be laid out by his executors, Benjamin Pomfret and Beatrice Miller, in the purchase of freehold lands in the counties of Bucks and Bedford, or one of them, and required his executors to settle the same, as soon as conveniently might be after his decease, on such persons, in trust and with such further limitations, so as the same be applied chiefly to the teaching of poor children to write and read, and putting them out apprentices to honest trades, at the discretion of his executors, with a proviso that such poor children should be natives of Wandon (Wavendon), and that no person but inhabitants of Wandon should have any share in his charity; and the said testator, by his said will, devised to his executors, and their heirs, all his cottage or tenement, with the orchard and ley of ground thereto adjoining, situate in the church-end of Wandon, to be settled together with the lands to be purchased for the sarne charitable purposes.
The above abstract is taken from an office copy of the will.
By indenture of Feoffment, with livery of seisin indorsed, bearing date 13th September 1715, between the said Beatrice Miller, of the one part, and Lyonell Wells of Wavendon, William Selby, Benjamin Pomfret and the Rev. William Cawne of the other part, reciting the will of George Wells, and reciting that Beatrice Miller and Benjamin Pomfret had laid out a sum of £800. in the purchase of the messuage, lands, tenements or farm thereinafter mentioned, called Brayes Farm, in the parish of Husborne Crawley, in the county of Bedford, which by indentures of lease and release, bearing date 16th and 17th December then last past, between Ursula Thompson and Katherine Thompson, of Husborne Crawley aforesaid, of the one part, and the said Beatrice Miller and Benjamin Pomfret, of the other part, were conveyed to the use of the said Beatrice Miller and Benjamin Pomfret, and their heirs; and reciting that the said Benjam in Pomfret, by indenture, bearing date the day before the date of the now abstracting indenture,had released all his estate and interest in the said farm, cottage and premises, unto the said Beatrice Miller and her heirs: It is witnessed, that the said Beatrice Miller, in performance of the trust reposed in her by the will of George Wells, conveyed unto the said parties of the second part, and their heirs, all that messuage, farm house or tenement, with the appurtenances, situate in Husborne Crawley, then in the occupation of John Bray or his assigns; and also all that close of pasture ground situate in Husborne Crawley, thereto belonging, commonly called Pinfold Close, containing by estimation three acres; and also all those 125 acres, by estimation, of arable land, ley pasture and meadow ground, lying dispersedly in the common fields, parish and meadows of Husborne Crawley, as described in a certain schedule to the said indenture of release annexed; and also all manner of tithes and tenths in grass and hay whatsoever yearly arising or accruing out of the said premises or any part thereof; and all that cottage or tenemen t, with the orchard and ley of ground thereto adjoining, situate in the church-end of Wavendon aforesaid, with the appurtenances, then in the occupation of Benjamin Abnell and others, to hold the said premises unto the said trustees, their heirs and assigns, upon the trusts declared in the Will of George Wells.
In 1730 the then surviving trustees of the charity premises laid out a sum of £180, herein after mentioned, in the purchase of a close of pasture ground in the parish of Moulsoe, called Coldham Close, containing eight acres, which was conveyed to them by indenture, dated 10th September 1730, upon the trusts of the above will.
By Indenture of Release, dated 19th November 1748, between the said Benjamin Pomfret, therein described as surviving executor and trustee of the said will, of the one part, and Thomas James Selby, John Wells and Thomas Hyde Clark, rector of Wandon, of the other part, reciting the said will, and reciting that the said testator at divers times after making his will did, the better to point out his meaning therein, verbally express his desire and intention to be that the said cottage and ley of ground and premises in Wavendon should be converted into a competent school-house, and that there might be a reasonable annual allowance to the school rnaster tor firing for the said school, and that the trustees to be appointed for the charity should meet annually on the 23rd April, being St. George's-day, to inspect and state the accounts of the said charity, and that the sum of 20s should be yearly allowed for defraying the charges of such meeting, and that the minister of Wavendon for the time being should be desired to preach an annual charity sermon in the morning of the said day, for which the said trustees should pay him 20s or a guinea; and reciting the above abstracted indenture of 1715, and that the said Beatrice Miller, by her will, bequethed to this charity school £200, and that the trustees of the charity laid out £180, which remained of her legacy after deducting the duty, as herein before mentioned; and reciting that the said parties of the second part had been appointed new trustees of the said trust estates, under an order of the Court of Chancery, and that by the same order the said Benjamin Pomfret was directed to convey the estates unto such new trustees and their heirs, as hereinafter mentioned. It is by the now abstracting indenture witnessed, that in pursuance of the said order the said Benjamin Pomfret conveyed the said trust estates, including the cIose called Coldham Close so purchased as aforesaid, with liberty also for the trustees or their tenants to make use of the fish-pond adjoining to the said messuage, and with their workmen and servants, and all necessary materials, to enter into a close called the Dove-house Close, adjoining the messuage, to thatch, rebuild and repair the said premises as occasion should require, and with such other liberties respecting a fence therein mentioned as are in the said indenture of release coutained, unto the use of the said parties of the Second part, their heirs and assigns, in trust and for the uses of the charity and charityschool of the said George Wells, in Wandon, pursuant to his wiII, and his desire and intentions, and to the will of the said Beatrice Miller.
A schedule of the said lands lying in the open fields is annexed to the indenture of release above abstracted.
The trust premises were again conveyed, under an order of the Court of Chancery, by an indenture of release, dated the 9th June 1790, to the use of new trustees appointed by that Court, upon the trusts of the release of 1748; and in the said indenture it is provided, in pursuance of the order of the Court, that when any two of the four new trustees appointed by the said indenture should die, the two survivors should convey the said trust premises to the use of themselves and two other trustees to be nominated, so as to make up the number of four, of which number the rector of Wavendon for the time being should always be one.
It appears from the recitals in the said indenture of the 9th June 1790, that in the year 1751, a scheme submitted for regulating the administration of the revenues of this charity, was confirmed by an order of the Court of Chancery.
This scheme provides that the rents of the charity estates should be applied in manner following:
To the schoolmaster for teaching the children to read and write, a yearly salary is to be paid of: £10
For the annual sermon on St. George's Day, annunual sum of: £1 1s
For distribution to the poor of Wandon, in bread, on the same day: £1
The residue, after payment of outgoings and expenses of repairs, is to be applied in providing firing for the schoolmaster, and Bibles and stationery for the use of the children, and for clothing and putting out such of the said children as the trustees should from time to time think fit to honest trades.
Under an Act of Parliament for inclosing lands in the parish of Crawley, or Husborne Crawley, the commissioners by their award, dated 7th November 1799, set out to the trustees of this charity, in lieu of the above-men tioned lands in the common fields, the five several parcels of land in Hill Field, hereinafter described; viz.
1. Containing 94 3 3
2. Ditto1 1 0 19
5. Ditto 1 0 11
The tithes above mentioned were extinguished by this inclosure.
By indentures of Lease and Release, bearing date 1st and 2nd January 1807, being the last conveyance to new trustees of the charity pretnises, the trust estates, including a farm-house: with the appurtenances; situate in the parish of Crawley, which was built at the time of the inclosure by the Duke of Bedford, at his own costs, pursuant to an agreement in that behalf, and in lieu of the old farm-house above described, and including also the above allotments in lieu of the lands in respect of which they were awarded, were conveyed to the use of Robert Shuttleworth and Dixie Gregory, both since deceased, and Henry Hugh Hoare and the Rev. John Fisher, rector of Wandon, their heirs and assigns, upon the above trusts, with a similar proviso as that above rnentloned for the appointment of new trustees when any two of the four trustees to whom the trust estates were thereby conveyed should die.
In the year 1809, the trustees of this charity effected an exchange with the trustees of the town lands, which is mentioned in the account of that charity, and whereby the orchard or ley of ground above described became vested in the latter trustees, and the former acquired in exchange a piece of ground called the Town House Yard.
The close called Pinfold does not appear to form now any part of the trust property; so that the trustees obtained at the inclosure 99a. 2r. 3p. of land in exchange for 128 acres: but besides that, the great discrepancy between the common measure and common field measure will account for this difference. It is possible that the Duke of Bedford may have built the new farm-house in return for some surrender of rights on the part of the trustees, but we could obtain no information on this subject.
The property of this charity consists of:
1. The farm-house or homestead, erected at the time of the inclosure, in 1799, with farm and outbuildings and garden, and the several allotments above described, containing in the whole 99a. 2r. 3p., in the parish of Husborn Crawley, in the county of Bedford, let to John Reynolds, as yearly tenant, at a rent of £80, which is very irregularly paid. The rent is now paid in full only up to Lady-day 1829; some instalments have been since received from the tenant, amounting to £195, and there remains due from him a sum of £125, subject to an allowance for land-tax.
The rent is considered too high, as the land is of a very bad quality, and was impoverished prior to the letting to the present tenant.
The property was let in 1751 for £38 per annum only, yet Mr. Reynolds at first paid £125. It is proposed by the trustees to allow Mr. Reynolds an abatement, in consideration of the above facts, for the past years, but to insist on the payment of all arrears subject thereto. The farm-house is in good repair.
2. Two cottages under one roof (which formed the old school-house), with a garden, at Church-end, Wavendon, in good repair; the one occupied by William Burrows, at a rent of £1 10s, which is regularly paid. Burrows also occupies a portion of the garden adjoining, of which the school master occupies the remainder. The other cottage is occupied by John Scott, at a rent of £1 5s, which is very irregularly paid.
3. A close of pasture called Coldham Close, containing about eight acres, in the parish of Moulsoe, let to William Pike, as yearly tenant, at a rent of £10, which is regularly paid.
4. The Town House Yard, so received in exchange, as hereinafter mentioned. There is no timber on the charity property.
5. Two cottages under one roof, at Church-end, which are occupied by the master; they were built in 1809-10, partly from savings of income on the piece of land called the Town House Yard.
The school-room adjoins the master's cottages, and was erected at the cost of Henry Hugh Hoare, esq. one of the trustees; it is capable of holding about 50 boys.
The school premises are all in good repair.
The income of the charity, amounting in the whole to £92 15s, is applied by the trustees as follows:
£.
The salary of the master 24 0 0
Land-tax on the Crawley estate 6 11 0
Land-tax on the Moulsoe estate 1 5 4
To the minister for a sermon 1 1 0
To the accountant for keeping the accounts 5 0 0
£ 37 17 4
The remainder of the income is laid out in the purchase of books and stationery, in the purchase of the clothes hereinafter mentioned, which cost about £24 yearly, and also in repairs and the incidental expenses of the trust.
Ten boys are now taught in respect of this charity. They learn reading, writing .and arithmetic. Books are furnished them from the charity revenues, and the education is entirely gratuitous. They are also each provided yearly with a coat, waistcoat and breeches, a pair of stockings, a pair of half-boots and a cap and band.
They are all parishioners of Wavendon, and children of parents belonging to the Church of England, who have previously attended the Sunday-school. The present master was appointed in 1828; he has his dwelling rent-free. He also occupies part of the garden which adjoins the old school-house. He instructs many boys as pay scholars, whom be teaches geography, grammar, and history, in addition to the education given to the charity boys. The master, however, stated to us that he was willing to impart the same instruction to the charity boys also, if they would remain long enough at the school to enable him so to do.
No boy has been apprenticed in respect of the charity since November 1830 when a boy was bound out at a premium of £10, which was paid by two instalments. He had been educated in the school, and was selected by the trustees for his good conduct there. In 1823 another boy was bound out at the same premium.
The accounts of the charity are annually audited on St. George's-day. The treasurer had at the last audit a balance in hand of £30 11s 2d.
It appears from the account book that in the year 1809, and for a few year succeeding, the trustees supported poor people out of the charity revenues as annuitants; they were allowed about 1s 6d or 2s a week. This practice has been some time discontinued. It also appears that on the 23rd September 1807, a sum of £94 13s 3d was paid by the trustees in discharge of a solicitor's bill for intended proceedings in the Court of Chancery for the appointment of new trustees, preparing conveyance, &c, and also a sum of £27 13s to the same solicitor for poundage.
We examined Mr. Lucas, the solicitor to the trustees, on the subject of these payments, and he produced to us the bill of Mr. William Lucas, his late father, to whom the money was paid. It appeared that about the year 1804, three, or at least two of the trustees had left the neighbourhood, and it was resolved thereupon to appoint new trustees in their places resident on the spot. The power of appointment reserved in the above indenture of 1790 did not authorize this step, and consequently the interposition of the Court became necessary; but it must be observed, that at this period when these great expenses were incurred in preliminary arrangements for the purpose of effecting the object in view, two of the trustees were advanced in years, and they actually died pending those arrangements; the expenses were thus unnecessarily incurred, for in that event the two surviving trustees were enabled to appoint two others under the power in that behalf reserved to them. We cannot but think that the above facts furnish no sufficient justification of the conduct of the then trustees in expending such large sums of money at the period in question for the above purpose, and we think that if they were guided in this matter by their solicitor's opinion, of which, however, we had no proof they were improperly advised.
The two surviving trustees of the charity above named are about to execute a conyeyance of the trust property to the use of themselves and Mr. Pauncefort Duncombe and the Rev. James Beard, on the above trusts.
At a meeting of the trustees of the school, held on 23rd April 1829, they ordered certain rules and regulations for the government of the school to be printed; but the most important of these rules have been already adverted to. The fourth rule directs that the children shall attend church every morning and evening on Sundays, on pain of punishment; and a note is appended to the rules to the effect, that no boys shall be considered eligible to the school whose parents are not frequenters of the Established Church. These orders are grounded on the directions of the Court of Chancery, that the rector of Wavendon for the time being shall always be a trustee, and that he shall preach a sermon; but it should be clearly understood that such directions cannot render the course adopted by the trustees in this respect imperative upon them.
The report then goes on to discuss some other Wavendon Charities and charitable customs:
Farr's Charity.
It appeared from the abstract of the title of the Rev. Daniel Shipton to 3a. 0r. 3p. of land in Wavendon, that it is charged with a yearly sum of 20s, given by the Will of John Farr, for providing as much bread every year as could be bought for 20s for the poor people in Wavendon, to be distributed upon the 25th December in every year, in the parish church, by the minster and churchwardens.
Mr. Orlabar, to whom the land now belongs, pays £1 yearly, which has hitherto been received by the feoffees of the town lands, as mentioned below in our account of that charity. We recommended that in future it should be paid to the minister and church wardens, and bestowed as above-mentioned.
This is undoubtedly the same charity as that mentioned in the Parliamentary Returns of 1786 as having been given by an unknown donor for bread to the poor. Of the other two charities mentioned in these Returns we could obtain no satisfactory information. It is possible that the charity of Impson may be identical with that said to produce 17s 4d yearly.
Impson's Charity.
William lrnpson, of Wavendon, by his nuncupative Will, proved in the Arch-deaconry Court of Buckingham the 21st April 1619, bequeathed £10, to be employed for ever to the use of the poor of Wavendon; and he directed that the said £10 should remain in the hands of the church wardens of Wavendon for the time being, who should yearly make benefit of the same money to the sum of 20s, and that the said 20s should yearly be bestowed by the minister and the said church wardens amongst the poor of the said parish as in their discretion should be thought meet and convenient.
The above abstract was taken from an ancient parchment copy of the will. We could learn nothing respecting this charity.
Town Lands
By Indenture, bearing date 12th July, 21 Charles I, [1646] between George Welles, the elder, of Wavendon, of the one part, and William Saunders, the elder, Thomas Welles, Thomas Norman and John Parrot, all of Wavendon, of the other part, reciting that the said George Welles, the elder, then stood solely seised in fee in trust of all that messuage or tenement situate in the Church-end of Wavendon commonly called the Town House, also of the croft thereunto adjoining and belonging, and also of all that close of 10 acres of arable land in the fields of Wavendon called the Town Lands. It is witnessed, that the said George Welles, at the request of the inhabitants of Wavendon, conveyed unto the said parties of the second part the aforesaid messuage, croft, close and premises, with the appurtenances, to hold the same unto the said trustees, their heirs and assigns, upon trust to employ the rents. and profits towards the relief of the poor, the repair of the church and highways of Wavendon, and other charitable uses for the benefit of the town of Wavendon, in such manner as the same had theretofore been commonly ernployed; and it was provided, that whosoever should be the two surviving feoffees of the premises should, upon request made unto them by the parson of the parish church of Wavendon and the churchwardens and overseers of the parish for the time being, enfeoff others of the same parish, who should be freeholders and inhabitants therein, of the aforesaid messuage and premises, upon the above trusts. The trust premises have been from time to time conveyed to new trustees. By the last conveyance, dated 25th March 1809, they were conveyed with other tenements to the use of new trustees, their heirs and assigns, upon the above trusts, by the following description: "All that messuage or tenament situate in the Church-end of Wavendon called the Town House, then in the occupation of William Ploughman; and also all that croft or close to the said messuage adjoining and belonging, then in the occupation of the said William Ploughman and others; and also all that site of a messuage or tenement in the Church-end of Wavendon, adjoining to the Wavendon part of the churchyard there, with the appurtenances, then in the occupation of the overseers of the poor; and also all those four cottages or tenements formerly described as three cottages, and erected on the town ground of Wavendon, for the habitation of the poor people of Wavendon, then in the occupation of the overseers of the poor; and also all that plot or parcel of land divided in to two closes, situate in Woodfield, in the parish of Wavendon, containing 9a. 3r. 21p., then in the occupation of Edward King, which said last-mentioned plot or parcel of ground was, by the award of the Commissioners for inclosing the lands in the parish of Wavendon, allotted unto the trustees of Wavendon town-lands."
Of the trustees appointed by the deed of 1809, Edward Bennett, the Rev. John Fisher, George King, Thomas Adams and Henry Hugh Hoare, esq. are still living. On the 26th July succeeding the date of the last-mentioned deed, the trustees of Wells's school conveyed unto the trustees of this charity, and their heirs, a piece of pasture ground or orchard adjoining the school-house in exchange for a piece of ground belonging to this charity, called the Town-house Yard, as mentioned in the above account of the school.
The property of this charity consists of the above particulars. Part of the land has been made into gardens.
The town-house is used as a poor-house, and is occupied by John Watts, the master of it. No rent has ever been received by the feoffees, either from him or from the parish officers, since the house has been a poor-house. It was formerly a public-house, called the Red House.
The land, with the exception of the gardens, is let to Thomas King, as yearly tenant, at a rent of £15 5s.
The gardens, 22 in number, are let to the same number of persons; 21 of them at 1s a year each, and one at 3s. These rents are very irregularly paid.
Four cottages stand on a piece of ground adjoining the church yard, on the west end of it; they are occupied by poor widows, rent-free. There were formerly four old cottages on this land, which were pulled down about 1829, and the present cottages were then built, at the expense of H. H. Hoare, esq. At the time of their erection it was arranged that the occupants should be appointed by the feoffees, as the tenants of the old cottages had been.
There is a piece of land, adjoining to the churchyard, on which a house formerly stood, which land was called Workhouse Hill. The house was suffered to fall down upwards of 50 years ago, and the ground now lies open to the street. This appears to be the site of a messuage mentioned in the deed of 1809.
Mr. Bennett, one of the feoffees, receives the rents. They are applied by the feoffees in paying, Four pounds to the parish clerk, Eighteen shillings and five pence for land-tax, in repairing the poor or work house, and cottages, and other necessary expenses of the trust, and in purchasing bread, which is distributed at uncertain periods in the church to all poor people who attend it, whether parishioners or not. A larger quantity of bread, however, is distributed in this way than the surplus money from this charity will purchase, the excess being paid for by the £1 a year received by the feoffees from Mr. Orlabar above-mentioned, and by the voluntary bounty of the minister.
A sum of £10 was paid to the surveyors in 1817, and a like sum in 1832. Repairs of the church have also been occasionally paid for out of the funds of this charity.
The accounts are entered in a book kept for that purpose.
The Poors' Coal.
By Articles of Agreement, entered into the 24th April 1809, between John Duke of Bedford, of the first part; the Rev. John Fisher, rector of Wavendon, of the second part; John Battams and Thomas Plowman, church wardens of the said parish, of the third part; George King and Thomas Adams, overseers, of the fourth part; and several other persons, inhabitants of the parish, of the fifth part; reciting, that under an Act for inclosing the parish the Commissioners had awarded, on the 9th March 1791, certain encroachments and parcels of land to the churchwardens and overseers, in order to supply the inhabitant or occupiers of messuages or cottages with in the said parish, and belonging thereto, who did not occupy any tenements of more than the yearly value of £5, and who had no allotment by virtue of the said Act, with fuel for firing: It is witnessed and agreed, that all such acts and assurances whatsoever should be forthwith made and executed, at the cost of the said John Duke of Bedford, by the said churchwardens and overseers, as should effectually vest the said encroachments and parcels of land assigned for supplying fuel for the benefit of the poor of the said parish in the said Duke of Bedford, his heirs and assigns, to his and their use and benefit, absolutely freed and discharged from the trusts in the said Act and award expressed concerning the same, and to be in exchange for the provisions thereinafter agreed to be secured for the benefit of the said poor; and that in consideration of such acts and assurances as aforesaid, all such acts and assurances whatsoever should be forthwith made and executed by the said parish officers and the said Duke, at the costs of the said Duke, his heirs and assigns, as would effectually subject the sai d encroachments and parcels of land, and a competent part of the estates of the said Duke, in the counties of Buckingham or Bedford, or one of them, with the payment of an annual sum or rent-charge of £300 to the churchwardens and overseers of the parish of Wavendon, and their successors, in two equal half-yearly payments, at Lady-day and Michaelmas, subject to the proviso therein contained; that is to say, it is thereby agreed that the said Duke and his heirs should yearly give 10 days' previous notice thereof to the parish officers, and cause to be laid down at or near the church yard of the said parish, some time in the months of August and September, or one of them, in every year, such a number of tons of coals as thereinafter mentioned, that is to say, if the market price of coals, carriage included, should be at or exceed the sum of £1 10s per ton, then 100 tons of coals, but if the same should not amount to the sum of £1 10s per ton, such a number of tons of coals as, with the carriage thereof, should be equal in value to the sum of £150, such market price to be regulated as thereinafter expressed; and it is thereby agreed that the then market price of coals, carriage included, should be taken to be at the rate of £1 10s per ton, and should be taken to be at that rate till the 25th March 1814, and on that day, and thenceforth on the same in every succeeding fifth year, the actual market price of coals, carriage included, should be settled by the said Duke and his heirs, and by the said parish officers, and if they should not agree thereupon, the same should be settled by the justices of the then next general quarter sessions to be held for the county of Buckingham, or if they refuse to settle the same, then by two persons, one of whom should be chosen by the said Duke and his heirs, and the other by the said parish officers, or if such two persons should disagree, then by some third person, appointed by the two persons first chosen and until such new rate should be settled the old rate should be acted upon, and every rate so to be settled should continue for five years from the time on which the same should be made, or ought to have been made; and it is provided, that if the parish officers should on Lady-day desire to have a proportion of the coals in wood, they should be at liberty to demand the same, under certain provisions therein mentioned; and it is thereby declared, that the said rent-charge of £300 should be a security to the parish officers and their successors for the performance of the agreement therein contained on the part of the said Duke and his heirs, and that the parish officers for the time being should forbear from receiving the said rent while the said Duke or his heirs should deliver the said coals or wood, according to the said agreement; but if the said Duke, &c. should at any time or times thereafter neglect or refuse to deliver the said coals or wood, then the said parish officers should demand and receive the said annual sum of £300, and out of the same should provide such fuel as should be equal to the value of the fuel which the said parish officers and their successors ought to have received, and should not have received from the said Duke and his heirs, and should deduct their expenses out of the said sum, and render the surplus to the said Duke and his heirs; and it is further agreed, that the coals and wood agreed to be provided by the said Duke should be applied by the said parish officers for the benefit of the same persons, and in such manner, and under the same restrictions, as in the said award is expressed concerning the fuel thereby provided; and it is lastly declared, that the said Duke should, at his own costs, use his utmost endeavours to procure an Act of Parliament for carrying the said agreement into execution.
By an Act of Parliament, passed accordingly in the year 1810, the above agreement is carried into effect; and it is thereby enacted, that certain lands described in the first schedule of the said Act, being the encroachments and parcels of land above-mentioned, with the appurtenances, should be vested in the said Duke and his heirs; and also that the same encroachme ts and parcels of land, together with the messuage and hereditaments, the property of the Duke of Bedford, and comprised in the second schedule thereto, should be charged with a perpetual annual sum, or yearly rent of £300, to be payable to the church wardens and overseers of the poor of this parish, on Lady-day and Michaelmas, with a power of distress, upon, and for such trusts, intents and purposes, and subject to such declarations and agreements as in the said articles of agreement above abstracted were expressed and declared of and concerning the same annual sum.
The terms of the above agreement are regularly complied with. A certain quantity of coals, of the value of £150, including the carriage, or such other value as is above prescribed, is yearly placed at the disposal of the parish officers by the Duke of Bedford, and they are distributed to the parties entitled to receive them, in the manner referred to by the agreement and Act of Parliament.
The value of a ton of coals is also fixed as directed by the Act, except that the price is not always settled every fifth year.
A list of the parties who have received the coals is made after the distribution, containing the quantities which they have respectively received, and if any surplus remains, it is distributed amongst the more necessitous poor from time to time during the winter.
Surveyor's Allotment
By Indenture, bearing date 1st December 1803, between John Battams and another, therein described as surveyors of the high ways of the parish of Wavendon, of the one part, and Richard Higgins and others, therein described as owners and occupiers of hereditaments in the said parish, and Henry Hugh Hoare, esquire, of the other part; reciting, that under an Act for inclosing the said parish, the Commissioners awarded, on the 9th March 1791, an allotment unto the surveyors of the said parish for the time being upon the heath, containing two acres, near Leighton, as a proper place for getting stones, gravel, and sand for the repairs of the roads within the parish; and that the said Commissioners also awarded to the same surveyors another allotment, containing 4a. 1r. 23p.; and reciting that the said last-mentioned allotment had become unfit for the purpose of getting stones, &c.: It is witnessed, that the said parties of the first part demised to the said Henry Hugh Hoare the said last mentioned allotment of 4a. 1r. 23p. with the appurtenances, for 99 years, at a clear rent of £5 per annum.
This rent of £5 is paid yearly by Mr. Hoare, and is carried to the surveyor's general account.
Mr. Hoare has underlet this plot of land for a higher rent than that which he pays, but he has laid out money in levelling and improving it.
The two acres above mentioned have been planted with firs, some of which have been lately felled and sold; the proceeds were carried to the same account.
The Bun Custom
There is a tradition in the parish that the rector is bound to distribute yearly amongst all the parishioners the best of four bushels of malt and the best of four bushels of wheat, made in to ale and buns, and it is further supposed that the cost of this distribution ought to be defrayed out of the rent of some property forming a portion of the glebe.
The present rector [Rev. John Fisher] has been the incumbent of the living since the year 1806. He stated that he found no custom of the nature above described subsisting when he came to the rectory, and he has never made the distribution. It did not appear to us that this claim on the behalf of the parishioners could be substantiated as a charitable use.
Page last updated Jan. 2019.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Problem in creating win installer in i I am trying to create an executable file (.exe) of iReport with my module included in it. While I run the target the create-iReport-distro-win-installer, I am getting the following error.
Note: I am using netbeans 6.5.1
java.io.IOException: Cannot run program "makensis" (in directory "C:\Program Files\NetBeans 6.5.1\iReport-3.7.2-src"): CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified
        at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:459)
        at java.lang.Runtime.exec(Runtime.java:593)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.Execute$Java13CommandLauncher.exec(Execute.java:832)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.Execute.launch(Execute.java:447)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.taskdefs.Execute.execute(Execute.java:461)
        at net.sf.nsisant.Task.execute(Task.java:205)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.UnknownElement.execute(UnknownElement.java:288)
        at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor97.invoke(Unknown Source)
        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)
        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.dispatch.DispatchUtils.execute(DispatchUtils.java:106)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.Task.perform(Task.java:348)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.Target.execute(Target.java:357)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.Target.performTasks(Target.java:385)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.Project.executeSortedTargets(Project.java:1337)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.Project.executeTarget(Project.java:1306)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.helper.DefaultExecutor.executeTargets(DefaultExecutor.java:41)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.Project.executeTargets(Project.java:1189)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.module.bridge.impl.BridgeImpl.run(BridgeImpl.java:273)
        at org.apache.tools.ant.module.run.TargetExecutor.run(TargetExecutor.java:499)
        at org.netbeans.core.execution.RunClassThread.run(RunClassThread.java:151)
Caused by: java.io.IOException: CreateProcess error=2, The system cannot find the file specified
        at java.lang.ProcessImpl.create(Native Method)
        at java.lang.ProcessImpl.<init>(ProcessImpl.java:81)
        at java.lang.ProcessImpl.start(ProcessImpl.java:30)
        at java.lang.ProcessBuilder.start(ProcessBuilder.java:452)
        ... 24 more
C:\Program Files\NetBeans 6.5.1\iReport-3.7.2-src\build.xml:327: Command failed: 'makensis /DPRODUCT_VERSION=3.7.2 /DPRODUCT_NAME=iReport /DPRODUCT_WEB_SITE=http://ireport.sourceforge.net "C:\Program Files\NetBeans 6.5.1\iReport-3.7.2-src\etc\iReportInstaller.nsi"'
BUILD FAILED (total time: 1 minute 22 seconds)

A: You must specify the full path to the nsis executable, like C:\Programme\NSIS\makensis.exe
Or you can add the path to the PATH environment variable: System Settings -> System -> Advanced -> Environment Variables. Don't forget to restart Netbeans to recognize a change to this variable.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using LambdastylePrototype;
using LambdastylePrototype.Interpreter;
using LambdastylePrototype.Interpreter.Predicates;
using LambdastylePrototype.Interpreter.Subjects;

namespace Test.input1.json._1_1_pack_elements_in_arrays
{
    class Style
    {
        void Build(Builder builder)
        {
            builder.Add(
                new Sentence(new Subject(new Item()),
                    new Predicate(new Raw("["), new OuterValue(), new Raw("]"))),
                    Consts.CopyAny);
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Concepts of Digital Image Processing.
The Origin of Digital Image Processing.
Fields use Digital Image Processing.
Main Stages in Digital Image Processing.
Main Components of Digital Image Processing System.
Fuzzy Techniques for Spatial Filtering and Intensity Transformations.


Bengaluru: Healthcare platform Practo on Friday announced the acquisition of analytics platform Enlightiks that offers business intelligence (BI) solutions to healthcare enterprises.
The acquisition strengthens Practo's portfolio in the healthcare enterprise segment and augments existing solutions that includes Qikwell and Insta.
"This is our fifth acquisition and third in the enterprise space. This brings Practo closer to its vision of simplifying healthcare by providing end to end solutions for the entire eco-system," said Shashank ND, Founder & CEO, Practo, in a statement.
Enlightiks' primary offering is called Querent, which is a business intelligence and predictive analytics platform, providing actionable insights using complex mathematical, statistical, computational and cognitive models, enabling top executives, optimise their business in real time.
"We chose Practo so that we can collaborate and work towards offering superior, comprehensive and integrated solutions for healthcare providers," added Vamsi Chandra Kasivajjala, Co-Founder and CEO at Enlightiks.


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text:
Contact us Brochures ProgramsFind your program Program Page Program Page
Previous page SEE OTHER CUSTOMER EXPERIENCES
"I gained a more in-depth understanding of strategic foresight and the kind of processes that we could use to take it forward in our company."
Kaisa Ala-Laurila
Media house A-lehdet Oy, the world's largest online store specialized in Nordic design Finnish Design Shop, and growth marketing company Genero together form A-lehdet Group, a household name in all of Finland.
"The media field is a pioneer in digitalization. The turbulence we have already experienced has only just started in many industries," says Kaisa Ala-Laurila, who worked as a CEO at A-lehdet Oy during the program.
Strategy work at the conglomerate has always included identifying and analyzing forces of change. Ala-Laurila decided to participate in Aalto EE's Strategic Foresight in Business Management program to gain new perspectives for even more systematic and continuous foresight work.
Ala-Laurila says that above all, the program gave her a more in-depth understanding of foresight and the kind of processes that A-lehdet Group could use to take it forward.
Our instructors Eeva Vilkkumaa and Antti-Jussi Tahvanainen were marvelous.''
"Our instructors Eeva Vilkkumaa and Antti-Jussi Tahvanainen were marvelous. Vilkkumaa for example presented a mathematical, strategy-based method of modelling that enables organizations to find immense hidden insight: scenarios and combinations of factors that create our future. It left a lasting impression," Ala-Laurila reminisces.
"Tahvanainen gave us excellent and very concrete tools for foresight work, including for instance methods for modelling future consumer behavior based on current actions. He also shared a very memorable timeline showcasing how early on there were weak signals of disruptions that ended up taking nearly everyone by surprise," she adds.
Ala-Laurila describes her study experience as highly beneficial and extremely fun. She says she was positively surprised by how practical the program was.
"We were divided into groups at the beginning of the program, and we quickly developed good competitive spirit. We got hands-on experience of numerous foresight tools during exercises – and our instructors were always there to guide us if we got stuck or started down the wrong path. This learning method suited me very well," explains Ala-Laurila.
We got hands-on experience of numerous foresight tools during exercises – and our instructors were always there to guide us if we got stuck or started down the wrong path.''
"We presented the outcomes of our exercises in many ways: drawing, writing, building with Lego blocks, and even acting. Studying in our group was hilariously fun, and the other groups all seemed to be having an enormously good time as well," she continues.
Ala-Laurila participated in the program together with A-lehdet Group's CFO.
"I think it's always a good idea to have at least two people from the same organization participating in a program. It's a great deal easier to implement the things you learn when you have a shared learning experience with a colleague," she points out.
Upon finishing the program, Ala-Laurila presented her Management Team and the Group's Board of Directors an idea of how to start taking lessons learned into action.
"We collectively decided to start trying out insights from the program right away," says Ala-Laurila.
"Our first move was to organize a three-month planning period, during which a full-time resource thoroughly assessed strategic foresight methods that we could utilize in our Group. Next, we initiated a pilot project and decided to analyze its first results in autumn 2020," she adds.
Ala-Laurila affirms that she is happy to endorse Aalto EE's Strategic Foresight in Business Management program.
"Regardless of your role, if you have the need and opportunity to utilize foresight tools in your work, I recommend participating. I also recommend approaching every exercise from a practical standpoint: consider how you could best utilize the various tools and processes in your own company," she concludes.
Learn more about the Strategic Foresight in Business Management program
Since this interview was conducted, Kaisa Ala-Laurila has moved to another organization.
Customer Experiences:


text:
Q: Conflict between thousand separator and date format - pandas.read_csv I have a problem with reading data from csv file with Pythons' read_csv method.
Row format:
'06.02.2013;544,00;2,52;3,53'

With this implementation:
 df = pd.read_csv(filepath, sep=";", header=5, decimal=",")
 df['value'] = df['value'].astype(int)

Python gives me an error: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '544,00',
When I print this dataframe object I can see that some float values have been recognized and some haven't.
                value   value1  value2
Datum
06.02.2013      544,00   2.52    3.53

What I did next was implement a method (even though I do not have thousands in my file):
df = pd.read_csv(filepath, sep=";", header=5, decimal=",", thousands = ".")

Then I do not get that error, but resulting date is 06022013 instead of 06.02.2013.
To solve that problem, I have tried this:
df = pd.read_csv(filepath, sep=";", header=5, dayfirst=True, decimal=",", thousands = ".", parse_dates=[0])

In that case, date is formatted like this: January 2, 2013, midnight.
And after all of that I have tried to add a date_parser to this method like this:
df = pd.read_csv(filepath, sep=";", header=5, dayfirst=True, decimal=",", thousands = ".", parse_dates=[0],date_parser=lambda x: datetime.strptime(x, '%d.%m.%Y') )

But it still formatted date like before: January 2, 2013, midnight.
Has anyone else encountered such a problem or knows how to solve it?
EDIT:
So, the real data looks like this (first row after header):
0
1
2
3
4
Datum       value1 value2 value3 value4 value5 value6 value7 value8 value9 value10 value11 value12 value13 value14
01.03.2020    str1  str2   str3   str4   str5   str6   9,82   9,75   0,75   500,00  544,00  44,00   50,00  49,25

In [1]: df['value11'] = df['value11'].astype(int)
Out [1]: invalid literal for int() with base 10: '544,00'

Also, error takes place already on first row. I have since come to realize that after changing first row, I get no error. Modified first row:
0
1
2
3
4
Datum      value1 value2 value3 value4 value5 value6 value7 value8 value9 value10 value11 value12 value13 value14
01.04.2020    str1  str2   str3   str4   str5   str6   36,03   5,46   84,85   23,00  64,00  41,00   59,92  -24,92

Pandas version: 1.0.2
EDIT2:
df = pd.read_csv(filepath, sep=";", header=5, decimal=",")
print(df.iloc[:,7:])

OUTPUT:

EDIT3:
I found out how to reproduce this problem. Example of csv file:
data.csv
0
1
2
3
4
Datum
Datum;value1;value2;value3;value4;value5;value6;value7;value8;value9;value10;value11;value12;value13;value14
01.03.2020;str1;str2;str3;str4;str5;str6;"9,82";"9,75";"0,75";"500,00";"544,00";"44,00";"50,00";"49,25"
01.03.2020;str1;str2;str3;str4;str5;str6;"9,72";"7,00";"27,97";"737,00";"1.123,00";"386,00";"51,03";"23,06"

Thanks in advance!

A: Are you indicating you header row correctly?
Here's a sample CSV:
cat seven_rows.csv

0
1
2
3
4
Datum;value1;value2;value3;value4;value5;value6;value7;value8;value9;value10;value11;value12;value13;value14
01.03.2020;str1;str2;str3;str4;str5;str6;9,82;9,75;0,75;500,00;544,00;44,00;50,00;49,25

Your original import:
df = pd.read_csv('seven_rows.csv', sep=";", header=5, decimal=",")

        Datum value1 value2 value3 value4 value5 value6  value7  value8  value9  value10  value11  value12  value13  value14
0  01.03.2020   str1   str2   str3   str4   str5   str6    9.82    9.75    0.75    500.0      544.0     44.0     50.0    49.25

Casting value11 to int:
df['value11'] = df['value11'].astype(int)

        Datum value1 value2 value3 value4 value5 value6  value7  value8  value9  value10  value11  value12  value13  value14
0  01.03.2020   str1   str2   str3   str4   str5   str6    9.82    9.75    0.75    500.0      544     44.0     50.0    49.25

A: I have managed to solve the problem.
df = pd.read_csv(filepath, sep=";", header=5, decimal=",", thousands = ".", parse_dates=['Datum'], date_parser = lambda x: datetime.strptime(x, '%d.%m.%Y'))
df['Datum'] = df['Datum'].dt.strftime("%d.%m.%Y")

Problem was because thousands separator was ".", I somehow managed to format the date like I wanted afterwards and now everything works good.
Appreciate all help!


text:
Constantin Dracsin (n. 20 iulie 1940, Draxini, Bălușeni – d. 1999) este un poet și grafician român.

Biografie
Constantin Dracsin s-a născut la 20 iulie 1940, Bălușeni,  jud. Botoșani. A fost un autodidact. Toată viața, datorită unei boli necruțătoare, nu a putut să-și folosească mâinile. A scris și a pictat cu ajutorul gurii și al dinților.
A avut numeroase expoziții personale în Botoșani (1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1992, 1999), Iași (1988), București (1991), Essen, Germania (1991) și Olanda (1993). Prezent în colecții particulare din țară și străinătate. O expoziție permanentă cu lucrările artistului se află amenajată în holul teatrului "Mihai Eminescu" din Botoșani.

In memoriam
În perioada 21-27 mai 2007, la Școala nr. 8 Elena Rareș  în cadrul "Zilelor școlii", la inițativa poetului Petruț Pârvescu, a bibliotecarei Mariana Bordianu și a profesorilor de limba și literatura română,  s-a  atribuit bibliotecii școlii numele poetului și artistului Constantin Dracsin . Cu această ocazie s-a inaugurat concursul de poezie pentru elevi  "Constantin Dracsin" și întâlnirile anuale cu scriitorii botoșăneni.

Scriitorul  Gellu Dorian se ocupă de editarea completă a operei poetice a poetului Constantin Dracsin.
În perioada 19-25 mai 2008, la Școala nr. 8 "Elena Rareș", Botoșani, în cadrul "Zilelor școlii", la inițativa poetului Petruț Pârvescu, a bibliotecarei Mariana Bordianu și a profesorilor de limba și literatura română, a avut loc concursul de poezie "Constantin Dracsin", ediția a II-a, cu participarea elevilor IV-VIII din județul Botoșani.

În perioada 18-22 mai 2009, la Școala nr. 8 "Elena Rareș", Botoșani, în cadrul "Zilelor școlii", la inițativa poetului Petruț Pârvescu, a bibliotecarei Mariana Bordianu și a profesorilor de limba și literatura română, va avea loc concursul național de poezie "Constantin Dracsin", ediția a III-a, cu participarea elevilor din clasele IV-VIII.
In cadrul Complexului Muzeal Botoșani se află o bogată colecție de 134 lucrări de grafică

Volume de versuri
Voce de flacără, Botoșani, 1979.
Singurătatea sâmburelui, Junimea, 1984.
Lacul Septentrion, Cartea Românească, 1985.
Zborul, Moldova, 1995.
Athosul de sub imaginații, Axa, 1995.
Ochii și omătul cerului, Helicon, 1997.

Afilieri
 Membru al Uniunii Scriitorilor din România și al Asociației Artiștilor Plastici din București.

Albume de grafică consacrate artistului
Valerian Țopa, Graficianul Constantin Dracsin, Geea, 1996.
Viceslav Popesu-Vavu, Silvia Lazarovici, Calendar comemorativ Constantin Dracsin, Botoșani, 2000.

Referințe critice
 Laurențiu Ulici, Virgil Mazilescu, Ioan Alexandru, Daniel Dumitriu, Dumitru Ignat, Gellu Dorian, Dumitru Țiganiuc, V. Ciucă, Emil Iordache.

Bibliografie
Silvia Lazarovici, Dicționarul scriitorilor botoșăneni, Ed. Geeea, 2000;
Gellu Dorian, Nord - Antologia poeților botoșăneni de azi, Ed. Axa, 2009.

Legături externe
Poetul și  gaficianul Constantin Dracsin
Constantin Dracsin, poetul care a scris cu dinții!

Nașteri în 1940
Poeți români din secolul al XX-lea
Scriitori români din secolul al XX-lea
Graficieni români
Membri ai Uniunii Scriitorilor din România
Români cu dizabilități

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Müller: Defeat "not such a bad thing"
Munich - An uncharacteristically sloppy FC Bayern Munich side may have lost the second leg of their UEFA Champions League Round of 16 tie 2-0 at home to Arsenal FC on Wednesday evening, but there was nothing unusual about the Bavarians' critical response to the loss, despite progressing to the quarter-finals.
Arsenal's goals in the 3rd and 85th minutes bookended a game in which the hosts repeatedly squandered chances in the final third, and consequently failed to score for the first time all season.
Speaking after the match, a frustrated Thomas Müller reflected on what could yet prove to be a pivotal match in Bayern's season.
Thomas Müller: We're through and therefore the overall result is positive even if the score in this game isn't what we imagined it would be. Losing such an important match 2-0 raises a lot of questions given the positive atmosphere we have at the moment. That's why maybe it's not such a bad thing to experience a negative result and still be in the next round. It gives everyone the chance to look at themselves and the team as a whole again. We may have won all of our games recently, but the authority we've played with has been missing in the last two Bundesliga matches.
Question: How can you explain that? Is the team maybe a bit overconfident?
Müller: Well the first thing we need to do is analyse the game and then we'll look at improving things as quickly as possible.
Question: Was it down to the fact that important players such as Franck Ribery and Bastian Schweinsteiger were missing?
Müller: No because they were involved in the last two Bundesliga games as well. We've now conceded four goals in two matches - before, that would normally have taken about six weeks to happen. We definitely need to think about that. Today we had good periods of play, where we should have scored. Overall we weren't all that bad, but you've done something wrong if you concede a goal in the 85th minute to make it 2-0 and keep you on edge for the last five minutes.
Question: How nail-biting were the closing stages for you? Another Arsenal goal would have sent them through.
Müller: I actually enjoy situations like that out on the pitch. It means I can use particular qualities: fighting for every millimetre and if necessary playing for time by the corner flag. I'm good at doing that and it's something I learned from Herrmann Gerland in the reserves. We never used to win big, it was normally very close.
Müller: First things first, we're away to Bayer Leverkusen on Saturday. That's all the matters right now.


Please provide the name, title or relationship of your plus 1 guest.
Thank you! We will be in contact with you shortly, however, if any questions or changes to your schedule arise please do not hesistate to contact Amanda D'Annucci Kean: akean@perscholas.org.


Jessica is in her third year of studying an LLB/BA with a major in Creative Writing at Macquarie University. She currently intends to pursue a career in property law after graduation, but her passion in life is writing, and she has felt driven to write stories from a young age. Fantasy is her favourite genre to roam about in, but she also ventures into life writing from time to time. She can imagine many things, but she cannot imagine what it might be like to not want to write every day.


text:
La plage de l'Hermitage  est une plage de sable blanc de l'ouest de La Réunion, protégée par un récif corallien. Longtemps appelée L'Ermitage, elle doit son nom au lieu-dit qui la borde, L'Hermitage les Bains.

Géographie
La plage de l'Hermitage occupe le tiers sud de la façade littorale de la commune de Saint-Paul. C'est la plus longue de l'île, avec plus de  de long.

On y accède facilement en provenance du Nord par la route en corniche et la ville de Saint-Paul, et en provenance du Sud par la route des Tamarins.

Le site était originellement orthographié , mais les cartes de l'IGN l'orthographient sans , et les panneaux indicateurs ont désormais tous adopté cette graphie.

L'usage à La Réunion veut que les plans d'eau délimités par les fronts récifaux soient appelés . L'île étant géologiquement jeune et les formations coralliennes âgées d'environ , les récifs sont accolés à la côte en formant ce qu'on appelle un récif frangeant : les « lagons » sont donc plus exactement des dépressions d'arrière-récif. Les usagers distinguent souvent le lagon de L'Hermitage et celui de La Saline, mais il s'agit en fait du même plan d'eau, caractérisé différemment selon les habitudes de fréquentation des uns et des autres. Il est aussi appelé « lagon de St Gilles ».

Caractéristiques
Cette étendue d'eau généralement calme ne dépasse pas  de large, pour 1 à  de fond environ. La température de l'eau des lagons varie entre 22 et .

La plage de sable blanc est formée de débris de corail (et minoritairement de coquilles), qui, brassés par les vagues ou broyés par certains animaux, deviennent de plus en plus fins et sont repoussés vers la côte. Elle est bordée de filaos sur plusieurs kilomètres, le haut de plage étant fréquemment occupé par des massifs de « patates à Durand » (Ipomoea pes-caprae, famille des Convolvulaceae) aux belles fleurs violettes.  On peut y voir aussi Canavalia rosea, dite « Patate-cochon » à La Réunion, dont la fleur d'un rose violacé est plus discrète que celle d'Ipomoea pes-caprae, à laquelle elle se mélange parfois. Ces deux plantes rampantes jouent un rôle important dans la fixation du sable côtier. Les constructions édifiées sur l'arrière-plage et sur sa limite du côté terre font qu'elle ne peut plus jouer son rôle de stockage et de transfert du sable, et qu'ainsi la plage elle-même est victime de l'érosion liée aux fortes houles. On peut ainsi voir de nombreux filaos du bord de plage avec des racines désormais exposées à l'air sur près d'un mètre.

Fréquentation

L'arrière-plage ombragée de filaos permet aux familles créoles d'y organiser de véritables pique-niques le midi. Elle est aussi le lieu de fêtes de fin d'année réunissant plus de . La plage étant orientée vers l'ouest, nombreux sont ceux qui viennent y admirer les couchers de soleil toute l'année.

Le camping est interdit sur la plage et l'arrière-plage, mais un camping intercommunal est situé en bordure du lagon. On trouve des restaurants de plage à L'Hermitage et à La Saline.

L'effet principal sur la plage de L'Hermitage de l'augmentation du nombre et de la dangerosité des attaques de requins à La Réunion depuis 2011 est une augmentation de sa fréquentation. De nombreuses personnes préfèrent en effet éviter leur plage de prédilection (Boucan Canot ou les Roches Noires) par crainte d'une attaque et se rendent désormais à L'Hermitage, protégé des squales par la barrière récifale. Cette sur-fréquentation n'est pas sans effet sur l'écologie complexe et fragile du lagon (crèmes solaires, bris de coraux, nourrissage de poissons, etc.).

La baignade récréative des petits et des grands est l'usage le plus répandu du lagon, mais on observe une augmentation du nombre de visiteurs s'adonnant à l'exploration sous-marine en PMT (palmes-masque-tuba). Le lagon étant très peu profond cette exploration ne demande aucune qualité technique ou athlétique particulière. De surcroît, sa faune riche et colorée étant accoutumée à la présence humaine, l'émerveillement est garanti dès les premiers mètres. Le lagon étant une zone protégée, la pêche, la dégradation ou la récolte y sont strictement interdits.

Malgré ces mesures, la plage héberge trop souvent des mégots, des bouteilles de verre, des objets en plastique, des papiers gras, des jouets d'enfant oubliés, des boîtes de conserve, des chaussures, etc., qui constituent des dégradations infligées à ce milieu par ceux qui en profitent. La Municipalité de Saint Paul fait nettoyer régulièrement les plages, mais malheureusement la capacité de nettoyage est souvent insuffisante par rapport aux dégradations. Le « feeding » (nourrissage de poissons) est une pratique nuisible aux animaux concernés et par conséquent à l'écosystème en général : elle est elle aussi interdite par la Réserve.

Risques

La baignade n'est pas sans danger du fait de l'hydrodynamisme propre à ce lagon de faible profondeur. La conjonction de la houle, de la marée et du vent provoque en effet parfois des courants qui peuvent devenir puissants : les masses d'eau entrant dans le lagon sur toute la longueur du front récifal durant la marée haute s'équilibrent au moyen de courants de vidange orientés vers les extrémités du lagon et vers la passe mais aussi, sporadiquement, vers le front récifal lui-même. Ce pourquoi trois postes de secours sont placés sur la plage : le premier au sud, à La Saline les Bains, le second devant la passe et le troisième au nord, sur le site dit de l'Aquaparc. Les MNS délimitent des aires de baignade protégées devant ces postes.

Le danger peut aussi venir de la faune marine : même si les requins sont absents du lagon, les poissons de la famille des Scorpénidés (poissons-pierres, rascasses...), généralement invisibles dans un environnement dont ils prennent l'aspect, peuvent infliger des piqûres extrêmement douloureuses à qui les toucherait par inadvertance. Quelques espèces de cônes (coquillages) parmi les plus dangereuses pour l'Homme sont aussi présentes dans le lagon. Ils sont généralement cachés le jour et ne sortent que la nuit, mais il est possible d'en trouver parfois en journée. Il est prudent, et par ailleurs interdit par la règlementation de la Réserve Marine, de ne pas ramasser une coquille même si elle paraît vide. L'oursin-fleur Toxopneustes pileolus, le plus souvent difficile à voir du fait des débris en tous genres dont il se recouvre, est également très toxique par simple contact.

Ces dangers existent et demandent un minimum de connaissances et de prudence, mais la probabilité d'accident est faible : ces accidents sont d'ailleurs très rares.

Réglementation de la Réserve Marine

Le lagon étant une zone protégée par la Réserve naturelle marine de La Réunion depuis 2007, la dégradation de l'environnement, la perturbation des animaux ou leur capture y sont formellement interdits et sévèrement punis. Cela concerne aussi le prélèvement de coquilles vides, de débris coralliens et du sable lui-même. La baignade de nuit avec torche, qui perturbe le sommeil des animaux, est interdite sauf autorisation donnée par la Réserve Marine pour motif scientifique.
Les activités dites de pêche à pied traditionnelle, considérée comme une pêche de subsistance, sont cependant tolérées dans certaines limites (matériel de pêche, espèces visées) et sous certaines conditions (permis de pêcher, périodes d'ouverture, horaires, quotas, zones de pêche, nombre d'autorisations limité à 800 cartes, etc.). Ces activités sont suivies par des fonctionnaires de la Réserve Marine et par des scientifiques.

Il existe trois niveaux de protection différents, dont deux zones de protection maximale, dites « zones sanctuaires », dans le lagon de L'Hermitage. Ces sanctuaires sont destinés à garantir le milieu de développement le moins stressant possible aux coraux et aux animaux marins qui en dépendent directement ou indirectement. Toute présence humaine y est interdite quel que soit le motif. Elles sont signalées par des poteaux orange de plusieurs mètres de haut plantés dans le lagon. La surface qu'ils délimitent est expliquée sur des panneaux de la RNMR disposés devant la plage. Des éco-gardes, dont certains sont assermentés, veillent au respect de la réglementation.

La RNMR organise à l'année des visites guidées, à la fois pédagogiques et ludiques, du lagon de L'Hermitage. Cette opération, nommée « le Sentier de L'Hermitage », est destinée à faire découvrir la richesse et la fragilité des récifs coralliens au public (notamment scolaires et touristes).

Biodiversité

Biodiversité de la plage
Avant d'être un lieu de loisirs pour les êtres humains, la plage de L'Hermitage est un biotope à part entière où vivent notamment des « crabes-fantômes » du genre Ocypode (O. pallidula et O. ceratophtalmus). On peut les voir creusant leur terrier en lisière de l'eau à chaque marée descendante, ou se nourrir de déchets organiques divers dans les laisses de mer. Ils se précipitent dans leur trou à grande vitesse à l'approche des promeneurs pour en ressortir quelques instants plus tard.
On peut rencontrer un bernard-l'ermite terrestre (Coenobita rugosus) venant lui aussi profiter des laisses de mer, parmi lesquelles arrivent parfois des Sargasses venues de loin et pouvant transporter un grand voyageur de petite taille, le crabe Planes major. Le pigeon biset et le moineau domestique, à répartition presque mondiale, viennent picorer autour des serviettes de plage (dites « lambas » à La Réunion, le mot étant emprunté au nom d'un vêtement malgache). Plus inattendus, quelques oiseaux opportunistes comme le martin et la tourterelle cherchent des invertébrés à capturer en bord de plage. Avec de la chance, on peut aussi voir un Noddi brun (Anous stolidus) longer le rivage à quelques mètres du sol, et il arrive que le magnifique Paille-en-queue (Phaethon lepturus) survole le site à relativement faible altitude.

Biodiversité marine

Sa très riche biodiversité marine fait de la Réunion (et de tout l'archipel des Mascareignes) l'un des 10 principaux « hot spots de biodiversité » mondiale.

Les récifs coralliens de la Réunion, aussi bien au niveau des platiers que des barrières, sont dominés par des espèces de corail branchu à croissance rapide du genre Acropora (famille des Acroporidae). Ceux-ci offrent une protection idéale à plusieurs centaines d'espèces marines, qui forment un écosystème d'une complexité extraordinaire, et on y retrouve la plupart des espèces caractéristiques des lagons de l'Indo-Pacifique. En raison de la faible profondeur du lagon, on n'y trouve pas de grandes espèces telles que des tortues marines adultes, dauphins ou requins.

Un phénomène de blanchissement des coraux (entraînant leur forte mortalité) a été observé en . Il s'est accompagné d'un épisode de mortalité massive des poissons (plusieurs dizaines de milliers de poissons morts), dû à une bactérie pathogène (Streptococcus iniae), dont la prolifération pourrait avoir été provoquée par une pollution des eaux du lagon. Cette épidémie meurtrière semble s'être résorbée naturellement, mais continue de susciter la perplexité et l'inquiétude des autorités.

Annexes

Bibliographie
 .
 .

Références

Articles connexes
Récif de corail
Plages de La Réunion
La Réunion.

Liens externes

 Site officiel de l'Office de Tourisme de l'Ouest.

Ermitage
Saint-Gilles les Bains
Réserve naturelle marine de La Réunion


These guys put on one heck of a show! My 3 year old daughter and I had a blast! She cut her hand and the guys made her feel so special, they even kissed it to make it better! They are sweet fellas and I am so glad that we went to see them! I hope they win the award they are up for this weekend! You guys rock!!!
Amazing show! The new songs are great and they meshed them together with their other hits. Musically it was really outstanding and we had a great time.
Doesn't matter the venue. Doesn't matter the weather. These guys ALWAYS put on an amazing show. It's worth traveling any distance to see them.
Although this event was in a very small town at a very small venue, LOCASH made it feel HUGE! The music was great and Preston and Chris had a great rapport with the crowd. Their vocals were spot on and the boys in the band did a phenomenal job complementing the vocals with some amazing guitar licks, plenty of bass funk and dynamic drumming. I encourage everyone to get out and see LOCASH. They put on an outstanding show!


text:
Mark Shapiro says something big is brewing with Rogers Centre renovations
This past June, Rogers Centre celebrated its 30th anniversary. Unveiled in 1989 as a state-of-the-art multi-use facility, it boasted the largest Jumbotron of its era and encapsulated the "everything to everyone" mantra of professional sports stadiums during the 80s and early 90s.
Skydome also ushered in the end of an era of multi-use stadiums and it's one of the last of its kind. Four years later, Camden Yards was constructed in 1992 and set forth the new era of retro ballparks; smaller, distinctive and much more conducive to an intimate ballpark experience.
At 27 years old, Camden Yards barely shows its age. The stadium formerly known as Skydome didn't future proof itself quite as well and it's very apparent the facility was built during the heyday of Milli Vanilli.
In any other scenario, the merits of building a brand new stadium would be up for debate, but the Blue Jays already have the ideal location on prime real estate near Toronto's waterfront. In the meantime, the club is working with the concrete bones the Rogers Centre already has.
This year, the Blue Jays made substantial renovations to the 100 and 200 level concourses; the blue and white facings are brighter and …
Author: Ian Hunter / Blue Jays Nation
celebrated Centre June past Rogers This
Leafs trade unsigned prospect Dakota Joshua to St. Louis for future considerations
Toronto Raptors: Long-term impact of winning NBA championship


Should Eye Banks Accept Corneas From the Over 80s?
Following criticism of the amount of corneas that go to waste, Mumbai eye banks may soon begin refusing donations from the over 80s. Should eye banks be accepting corneas from elderly donors, or is a crackdown on donations the solution? Here, the Tej Kohli Cornea Institute explore the issue.
The current wastage among Mumbai eye banks is due to a disproportionate number of donations coming from people aged over 80, whose corneas have often deteriorated to the point where they can no longer be used for transplant. Although corneas are often donated by a wide range of age groups, those donated by the over 80s are less likely to be accepted by the host of the transplant, and in many cases are completely unusable.
The problem is that despite this low success rate, eyes from the 80 plus age bracket make up over 40% of all donations in India. Despite these being far more likely to be rejected or unusable, India's eye donation campaign runs a policy of turning no donation away. The result of this is a disproportionate number of unsuitable donations, with only an average of 35% of eyeballs donated being used for sight restoration procedures.
In the UK, the NHS have placed restrictions on cornea donations for those aged 80 years or over. It has been argued that a similar age restriction for donations in India could help to reduce waste by ensuring that only healthy, usable corneas are donated. Statistically this makes perfect sense, but there are also strong arguments to be made that this is a question not of reducing the number of donations, but of finding a better way to allocate and utilise the organs which are already being donated.
Previously, many of the excess, unsuitable cornea donations were sent to the LV Prasad Eye Institute in Hyderabad, of which the Tej Kohli Cornea Institute is a proud partner. There, they would be used in the institute's ground-breaking research into the causes, treatment and prevention of avoidable blindness. However, a state restriction on eye banks sending excess corneas outside has significantly reduced the amount of eyes that the LV Prasad Institute receives – one eye surgeon claims that prior to the restriction they were sending up to 100 corneas for research every month.
The importance of the LV Prasad Institute's work in this field cannot be overstated – blindness is one of the most widespread health issues facing India today, with over 15 million people affected. That's the largest blind population in the world, and up to 75% of these cases are preventable.
Despite the institute's impressive successes and breakthroughs, there remains much work to be done, and this work requires donated corneas for research. There remains a greater reluctance in all parts of the world to donate the eyes than exists for any other organs, so making practical use of existing donations is crucial.
It is therefore vitally important that we grasp the opportunity that has been given to us and make the fullest use possible of the organs that are being donated by over 80s, rather than turning them away. If all of the unsuitable organs donated could be used for medical research instead of going to waste, it would significantly increase the chances of unlocking the secret of reversing and preventing preventable blindness on a mass scale.
For our own founder Tej Kohli, this would be a step closer to his goal of controlling corneal blindness worldwide by 2030.


Awesome, I tried doing this in CakePHP 1.3 a few weeks ago but couldn't get it to work right all the time.
I'm safe at least at the moment, how about you?
Apparently it's not too hard to hack a world renowned security company.
Umm, wow, glad I don't live in Tunsia.
Basically whatever bad/stupid thing Gawker could have done they did including ignoring the problem.
PEEBS.ORG – An Open Letter to Mint.com: Stop storing my bank credentials!
I know all this, that Mint is an obvious security hole in keeping my personal digital life secure but I keep using them.