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Cardinal Roger Mahony defends legacy on church abuse in blog
2/2/13 By Gillian Flaccus
From the link: http://news.msn.com/us/cardinal-defends-legacy-on-church-abuse-in-blog
On his blog on Friday, retired Cardinal Roger Mahony said he was ill-equipped to deal with sexually abusive clergy when he took over the archdiocese in 1985 and quickly sought to develop policies and consult with leaders in other dioceses.
LOS ANGELES — The public rebuke of retired Cardinal Roger Mahony for failing to take swift action against abusive priests adds tarnish to a career already overshadowed by the church sex abuse scandal but does little to change his role in the larger church.
Mahony can still act as a priest, keep his rank as cardinal and remain on a critical Vatican panel that elects the next pope.
While Archbishop Jose Gomez's decision to strip Mahony of his administrative and public duties was unprecedented in the American Roman Catholic Church, it was another attempt by the church to accept responsibility for the abuse scandal that has engulfed it.
Victims were quick to point out that Mahony's new, paired-down local standing was in stark contrast to his continued position among the prelates at the Vatican.
The decision "is little more than window dressing. Cardinal Mahony is still a very powerful prelate," Joelle Casteix, the Western regional director of the Survivors Network of Those Abused by Priests, said at a Friday news conference outside the Los Angeles cathedral. "He's a very powerful man in Rome and still a very powerful man in Los Angeles."
The Vatican declined to comment Friday when asked if the Holy See would follow Gomez's lead and take action against Mahony.
Tod Tamberg, the archdiocese spokesman, said Mahony was in Rome several weeks ago for meetings unrelated to Thursday's announcement. He said he did not know if Pope Benedict XVI was aware of Gomez's announcement.
The cardinal and Gomez both declined interview requests from The Associated Press.
In a letter to Gomez posted on Mahony's blog Friday, the cardinal said he was ill-equipped to deal with sexually abusive clergy when he took over the archdiocese in 1985 and quickly sought to develop policies and consult with church leaders in other dioceses. He reminded Gomez that he was well aware when he took over in 2011 of the steps Mahony had taken to safeguard children.
"Not once over these past years did you ever raise any questions about our policies, practices, or procedures in dealing with the problem of clergy sexual misconduct involving minors. I have stated time and time again that I made mistakes, especially in the mid-1980s," he wrote.
"Unfortunately, I cannot return now to the 1980s and reverse actions and decisions made then. But when I retired as the active Archbishop, I handed over to you an archdiocese that was second to none in protecting children and youth."
Gomez's public criticism is almost unheard-of in the highly structured church institution and would have been cleared by the Vatican in advance, said the Rev. Thomas Doyle, a canon lawyer who worked for the Vatican's Washington, D.C., embassy.
"He's an archbishop — he cannot order a cardinal around," said Doyle, who co-authored a 1985 report warning of a coming clergy sex abuse scandal. "The Catholic church is a monarchy. If you're one of the princes of the realm and you're a duke, you don't dump on a prince without the king's permission or you're no longer a duke. That's what the deal is."
Gomez went as far as he could within this authority, but only the Pope has the power to sanction a cardinal or laicize him, he said.
Gomez made the announcement Thursday as the church was forced by a court order to turn over thousands of pages of confidential priest personnel files after a bruising, five-year legal fight. The archbishop also accepted a resignation request from one of Mahony's top aides, now-Bishop Thomas Curry.
The move came two weeks after other long-secret priest personnel records showed Mahony and Curry, in particular, worked behind the scenes to protect the church from the engulfing scandal.
Mahony is a member of three Vatican departments, including the Holy See's all-important economic affairs office, and he remains a member of the College of Cardinals. At 76, he is still eligible to vote in a conclave to elect a new pope.
The Vatican's former sex crimes prosecutor, Bishop Charles Scicluna, has said Canon Law provides for sanctioning bishops who show "malicious or fraudulent negligence" in their work, but has acknowledged that such laws have never been applied in the case of bishops who covered up sex abuse cases.
In the past, lower-ranking members of the church hierarchy who have spoken out about their superior's handling of the clergy abuse crisis have been rebuked by the Holy See.
In 2010, for example, Viennese Cardinal Cristoph Schoenborn criticized the former Vatican No. 2, Cardinal Angelo Sodano, in an interview for his handling of a notorious sex abuse case. Schoenborn didn't use Sodano's name in his critique, but was nonetheless forced to come to Rome to explain himself to the pope and Sodano.
The Vatican publicly rebuked Schoenborn, saying that only the pope has authority to deal with accusations against a cardinal.
The Vatican's silence after Thursday's announcement indicates they were aware of it, said Patrick Wall, a former Benedictine monk and priest and vocal church critic who consults on clergy abuse cases.
"Gomez was as brilliant as a sniper the way he orchestrated this because he did not overstep his authority against the Pope and yet at the same time it appears that some type of penalty is being imposed," said Wall. "He cannot force Mahony to resign. It's brilliant and this has never happened in the U.S."
Mahony will reduce his public appearances, including numerous guest lectures nationwide on immigration reform, and no longer perform confirmations, Tamberg said. However, he remains a priest in good standing and will continue to live in a North Hollywood parish and can celebrate the sacraments with no restrictions, he said.
Several of the documents in the newly released files echo recurring themes that emerged over the past decade in dioceses nationwide, where church leaders moved problem priests between parishes and didn't call the police.
Studies commissioned by the U.S. bishops found more than 4,000 U.S. priests have faced sexual abuse allegations since the early 1950s, in cases involving more than 10,000 children — mostly boys.
In one instance, a draft of a plan with Mahony's name on it calls for sending a molester priest to his native Spain for a minimum of seven years, paying him $400 a month and offering health insurance. In return, the cardinal would agree to write the Vatican and ask them to cancel his excommunication, leaving the door open for him to return as a priest someday.
It was unclear whether the proposed agreement was enacted.
"I am concerned that the Archdiocese may later be seen as liable — for having continued to support this man — now that we have been put on notice that one of the young adults under his influence is suicidal," a top aide wrote in a memo about the priest to Mahony in 1995, urging him to stop paying benefits to the priest.
The cardinal added a handwritten note: "I concur — the faster, the better."
In another case, Mahony resisted turning over a list of altar boys to police who were investigating claims against a visiting Mexican priest who was later determined to have molested 26 boys during a 10-month stint in Los Angeles. "We cannot give such a list for no cause whatsoever," he wrote on a January 1988 memo.
Mahony, who retired in 2011 after more than a quarter-century at the helm of the archdiocese, has publicly apologized for mistakes he made in dealing with priests who molested children.
Associated Press writer Shaya Tayefe Mohajer contributed to this report.
Posted in Archbishop André Richard, Archbishop Charles J. Chaput, Archbishop Denis Hart, Archbishop Diarmuid Martin, Archbishop Ernest Léger, Archbishop Jerome Hanus, Archbishop Jerome Listecki, Archbishop John Clayton Nienstedt, Archbishop John J. Myers, Archbishop John Nienstedt, Archbishop John Roach, Archbishop José Horacio Gomez, Archbishop Jose Gomez, Archbishop Peter Gerety, Archbishop Peter Sartain, Archbishop Rembert Weakland, Archbishop Robert Carlson, Archbishop Theodore McCarrick, Archbishop William Levada, Archdiocese of Boston, Archdiocese of Chicago, Archdiocese of Detroit, Archdiocese of Dublin, Archdiocese of Edinburg, Archdiocese of Grand Rapids, Archdiocese of Hartford, Archdiocese of Kalamazoo, Archdiocese of Los Angeles, Archdiocese of Marquette, Archdiocese of Milwaukee, Archdiocese of Minnesota, Archdiocese of New York, Archdiocese of Newark, Archdiocese of Philadelphia, Archdiocese of Pittsburgh, Archdiocese of Saginaw, Archdiocese of St Andrews, Archdiocese of St Louis, Archdiocese of St Paul, Archdiocese of St. Paul-Minneapolis, Association of Catholic Priests, Bill Donohue, Bishop Anthony Bevilacqua, Bishop David Zubik, Bishop Edward Cullen, Bishop Eugene Larocque, Bishop George H. Guilfoyle, Bishop John B McCormack, Bishop John Magee, Bishop John McCormack, Bishop Joseph Cistone, Bishop Joseph Devine, Bishop Joseph Imesch, Bishop Kenneth Povish, Bishop Laurence Glenn, Bishop Michael Bransfield, Bishop Michael Malone, Bishop Peter A Libasci, Bishop Peter Sartain, Bishop Raymond Lahey, Bishop Richard Malone, Bishop Richard Sklba, Bishop Robert Finn, Bishop Robert Rose, Bishop Seamus Hegarty, Bishop Thomas Curry, Bishop Thomas V. Daily, Bishop Timothy Dolan, Bishop Vincent Leonard, Bishop Wojciech Polak, Cardinal Adam Maida, Cardinal Agostino Vallini, Cardinal Angelo Scola, Cardinal Angelo Sodano, Cardinal Anthony Bevilacqua, Cardinal Bernard Law, Cardinal Cushing, Cardinal Dolan, Cardinal Dominik Duka, Cardinal Donald Wuerl, Cardinal Franc Rodé, Cardinal Francis George, Cardinal George Pell, Cardinal Humberto Medeiros, Cardinal John Krol, Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger, Cardinal Juan Cipriani, Cardinal Justin Rigali, Cardinal Keith O'Brien, Cardinal Leonardo Sandri, Cardinal Levada, Cardinal Mahony, Cardinal Marc Ouellet, Cardinal Norberto Rivera, Cardinal Oscar Andres Rodriguez Maradiaga, Cardinal Patrick O'Malley, Cardinal Pell, Cardinal Peter Turkson, Cardinal Richard Cushing, Cardinal Rigali, Cardinal Roger M Mahony, Cardinal Roger Mahony, Cardinal Sean Brady, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone, Cardinal Thomas Winning, Cardinal Timothy Dolan, Cardinal Wilfrid Fox Napier, Cardinal William Levada, Catholic League, Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, Child Sex Abuse, Christianity, Christians, Clergy Abuse, Clergy Sex Abuse, Congregation for Bishops, Congregation for the Clergy, Congregation for the Doctrine of Faith, Congregation of the Sacred Stigmata, Dallas Charter, Diocese of Manchester, Good Shepherd Laundries, Holy See, Magdalene Laundries, Manchester Diocese, Manchester Diocese of the Roman Catholic Church, Manchester NH Diocese, Opus Dei, Papal Nuncio, Pedophile, Pedophile Priests, Perverted Priests, Pope Benedict, Pope Benedict XVI, Pope Francis, Pope John Paul II, Pope Paul VI, Priest Child Sex Abuse, Religion, Roman Catholic Church, Roman Catholic Church Sex Abuse, Roman Curia, St Thomas Moore Parish Durham NH, St Thomas More, St Thomas More Durham NH, St Thomas More Parish, Uncategorized, Vatican, William A Donohue
Tags: American Roman Catholic Church, Archbishop José Gomez, Archbishop of New York Cardinal Timothy Dolan, Archdiocese of Los Angeles, Bill Donohue, Bill Donohue. William A Donohue. William Donohue. Catholic League, Bishop Charles Scicluna, Bishop Thomas Curry, Canon Law, Cardinal Angelo Sodano, Cardinal Anthony Bevilacqua, Cardinal Bernard Law, Cardinal Cristoph Schoenborn, Cardinal Donald Wuerl, Cardinal George Pell, Cardinal Roger M. Mahony, Cardinal Roger Mahony, Cardinal Timothy Dolan, Catholic League, Catholic League for Religious and Civil Rights, child sex abuse, clergy abuse, College of Cardinals, coverup in roman catholic church, Coverup of sex abuse by Roman Catholic Church, crimes against children, Curia, Holy See, Manchester Diocese of the Roman Catholic Church, pope benedict XVI, Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI, Pope Francis, Pope John Paul II, Pope John XXIII, Pope Paul VI, Pope Pius XI, religion, Rev. Thomas Doyle, roman catholic, Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles, roman catholic church, Roman Catholic Church Child Rape Scandal, Roman Catholic Church Child Sex Abuse, Roman Catholic Church Child Sex Abuse Scandal, Roman Catholic Church Child Slavery, Roman Catholic Church Pedophile Cover up Scandal, Roman Catholic Church Pedophile Coverup Scandal, Roman Catholic Church Pedophile Pimps, Roman Catholic Church Pedophile Scandal, Roman Catholic Church Pedophiles, Roman Catholic Church Priest Abuse, Roman Catholic Church Sex Abuse Coverups, Roman Catholic Church sex abuse scandal, roman catholic church sex scandal, roman catholic clergy, Roman Catholic Priest, roman catholics, St Thomas More, St Thomas More Durham NH, St Thomas More Parish, St Thomas More Parish Durham NH, The Curia, The Vatican, William A Donohue


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Такмичење у бацању копља у женској конкуренцији на 9. Европском првенству у атлетици за млађе сениоре 2013. у Тампереу одржано је 13. и 14. јула 2013. на стадиону Ратина.

Титулу освојену у Острави 2011, није одбранила Зара Мајер из Немачке.

Земље учеснице
Учествовало је 27 такмичарки из 20 земаља.

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Освајачи медаља

Сатница

Резултати

Квалификације
Такмичење је одржано 13. јула 2013. године. Такмичарке су биле подељене у две групе. Квалификациона норма за финале износила је 55,50 метра (КВ), коју су испуниле 2 такмичарке, а 10 се пласирале према постигнутом резултату (кв) .
Старт: група А у 10:00, група Б у 11:10.

Финале
Такмичење је одржано 14. јула 2013. године у 17:30. .

Референце

Спољашње везе
 Комплетни резултати 2013. (стране 109.110.111 и 113)

Европско првенство у атлетици за млађе сениоре 2013.
Бацање копља на Европском првенству у атлетици за млађе сениоре

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Jung Hyuk is unwilling to risk his life for Jang again, but Hyun Goo chooses to stay because of money. Senator Oh summons Jung Hyuk for questioning, Jung Hyuk admits that everything is ordered by Yoo Mi, and hints that In Hwa has reason to see senator Oh. Senator Oh gets to know In Hwa is his daughter after investigation, president Kong advices senator Oh to be patient.
LB Club faces a crisis of survival due to exposure of In Hwa incident. On the press conference, In Hwa announces the reasons as prepared by representative Jung, but senator Oh suddenly appears and admits that In Hwa is his biological daughter.


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Tag Archives: Peter Jackson
Movies Based on Novels for Young Adults
It's Thursday again, and we've got some real beauties lined up! Our friend at Wandering Through the Shelves had us tackle Fairy Tales last week, and black & white movies the week before. This week we've been tasked with listing our favourite movies based on books for young adults. And so, ladies and gentlemen, without further ado-
I felt really repelled by this week's topic, which is kind of okay with me. I like a challenge. But the young adult genre is just not my thing. I can't even claim that Hunger Games, Harry Potter, and Twilight are bad because I haven't and won't give them the time of day. They're not for me, and they don't need me – there are plenty of teenage girls to keep these franchises going.
I think it's a little weird how franchises like Hunger Games and Divergent seem to put teenagers in mortal danger, in order that they may save the world. It's sort of asking a lot from people who, by and large, don't get out of bed before noon. It made me remember movies from my own teenage years, the 90s, a time when teen movies featured parties, prom, and the gosh darned mall. And the occasional nerd makeover. But then I thought about our own teen franchises – Scream, and I Know What You Did Last Summer – and realized that maybe we're not so different after all. We had teens running for their lives as well.
So for my first pick, I'm going with an even older selection that pit teenager against teenager, putting them in intense mortal danger: The Outsiders. I remember reading this book for the first time in the 7th grade. Our teacher followed it up with an in-class viewing of the movie and my teenaged hormones selfishly hijacked the situation, forcing me to weep buckets, turn purple, and lock myself into a horrible washroom stall until I could 'compose myself', whatever that means to a white girl with a perm so bitchin she needed a pick comb. To this day I can never decide if the casting was brilliant (Tom Cruise, Matt Dillon, Patrick Swayze, Rob Lowe, Emilio Estevez, all in their peach-fuzz glory) or if it totally missed the boat (everyone else went on to amazing careers while the lead totally fizzled after a controversially racial comedy flopped – Leonardo DiCaprio auditioned for but didn't get the part). In any case, it tells the story of two teenaged gangs (if they can be called that), really just right side of the tracks vs the wrong side, the Greasers and the Socs, as they tussle and rumble and occasionally kill each other. SE Hinton wrote the book when she was just 15 years old (and what have YOU been doing with your life?) and it took a class full of junior high fans of the book to elect Francis Ford Coppola the most eligible to direct, and sent him a copy of the book. He agreed, shot the movie with Hinton's help, and 20 years later restored all the scenes got cut when his own granddaughter was about to study it in school.
The old white men who reviewed Nick & Norah's Infinite Playlist didn't much care for it, but what do they know? They didn't get the excellent soundtrack, couldn't relate to the nonchalant inclusiveness, and didn't tap in to sarcastic chemistry between the two leads. Based on the novel of the same name by Rachel Cohn and David Levithan, it tells the story of Nick, the token straight guy in an all-gay band, freshly heartbroken by bitchy ex-girlfriend Tris, and Norah, the girl who falls in love sight-unseen with the guy sending frenemy Tris all those great breakup mixtapes. They meet up one night and run all over the city in pursuit of an elusive indie band called Where's Fluffy. It's got all the makings of great teenaged shenanigans: live bands, party rockin, neglectful parents, unlimited allowance and no curfews.
Another more recent pick, The Perks of Being A Wallflower, I somehow find charming despite my advanced years, probably because the three leads are so earnest and bright and perfect. Youth is infuriating. The fact that they don't know a David Bowie song is double infuriating. But the teenage trappings are all there: angst, awesome dance routines, riding in cars with boys, and even Paul Rudd – although this time, he's (tragically) not playing the heartthrob but the teacher. Oh, I feel sick to my stomach. This story is a real testament to its time – the three leads are all outcasts but get this – they're actually cool. I know. It's strange. Counterintuitive, even. Goes against pretty much every teenage movie we've ever seen. But in 2015 (and apparently as far back as 2012), it's cool to be weird. What a revelation. John Hughes was eyeing this as his next project before he died, but in the end it was directed by the novel's author himself (which almost never happens), Stephen Chbosky, who also got to write the screenplay.
The young adult novel is an elusive concept. When I asked Wikipedia, examples seem to include books for children (Harry Potter), teens (Twilight), and twenty-somethings (The Notebook). When I first heard about this week's Thursday challenge, I was worried I would be choosing between Divergent and The Hunger Games but, after working on it all week, I have managed to find 3 movies worth celebrating.
Coraline- Adapted from what I just found out was a novel by Neil Gaiman, this 2009 stop-motion fantasy is as different from Disney as American animation gets. My local video store even had it filed under Horror. The bizarre alternate univ erse to the already bizarre regular one isn't as perfect as it first seems when a young girl discovers that her Other Mother, although more attentive and permissive than her real mother, wants to sew buttons over her eyes. Eye phobics beware. Darkly funny, oddly beautiful, and genuinely unsettling.
The Lord of the Rings trilogy- I'm still not fully convinced that this counts but who am I to argue with Wikipedia? I've never read J. R. R. Tolkien's epic trilogy but have always assumed them to be a more demanding read than most in this genre. Peter Jackson's ambitious nine and a half hour adaptation certainly expects more of its audience than anything else I've watched this week. I'm counting the whole trilogy as one movie to make room for other films on the list. Besides, I am not sure I trust myself to remember what happened in which film well enough to be able to write about them all separately. Together they make up one of the great American films of this century.
The Spectacular Now- It's hard to find a mov ie like this from a young adult novel. There are no vampires, wizards, or dragons. The Spectacular Now is a story of young love without the usual gimmicks. Miles Teller (Whiplash) and Shailene Woodley (Divergent) showed great promise in this adaptation of Tim Tharp's novel in 2013 and it's no surprise that they both got to star in higher profile movies the next year. Teller is especially good as a superficially charming teen alcoholic.
Hugo – this is a very nice love story film, fittingly brought to us by Martin Scorsese. It meanders a bit but it is an enjoyable ride, and the whole thing has a fantastical sheen. Having been to Paris and passed multiple times through Gare Montparnasse, where the movie is set, I will be watching this movie again in the very near future (I did not get to it this week because we were too busy sifting through typical apocalyptic YA filler).
Holes – it is sad that all that has gone on with Shia Leboeuf takes the focus off the movies he is in. I feel he retroactively takes something away from this movie but if you can get past that, Holes is an enjoyable story about family curses. Things wrap up a little too neatly (which I can't believe I said because I usually love a tidy ending) but it's an enjoyable movie nonetheless and one worth checking out.
Scott Pilgrim vs. The World – we have had a ton of comic book adaptations recently and of all of them, Scott Pilgrim feels most like a comic book (and that is a very good thing). It's a fun movie with a ton of recognizable faces. I feel I'm stretching the category a bit with this pick but it has been tough this week to find anything halfway decent, and Scott Pilgrim is a favourite of mine!
This entry was posted in Top Tens and tagged Emilio Estevez, Emma Watson, ezra miller, Kat Dennings, logan lerman, martin scorsese, Matt Dillon, michael cera, miles teller, movies based on books, Neil Gaiman, Patrick Swayze, Paul Rudd, Peter Jackson, Rob Lowe, Shailene Woodley, Shia LaBeouf, Stephen Chbosky, Tom Cruise on March 19, 2015 by Jay.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Do you remember placing your baby teeth under a pillow and having money magically appear the next day? A visit from a Tooth Fairy is a very big deal for a lot of children. Over many centuries parents have developed traditions to excite their children about losing their first chompers. It can provide comfort to many kids who may experience pain and fear associated with losing their baby teeth.
The Tooth Fairy folklore began in early Europe when children buried their teeth in the garden so a new tooth would grow in its place. As the cities grew, the traditions have changed and teeth began to get 'buried' under the pillow. This is how the modern legend of the Tooth Fairy was born and is wide-spread through many English speaking countries like Australia, England, Canada and United States.
In 1908, the Chicago Daily Tribune suggested that the child should place a tooth under the pillow and mothers should replace it with a gift such as five cent piece1.
Even the Tooth Fairy is not immune to inflation and these days one to five dollars seems to be a common rate per tooth.
However the Tooth Fairy doesn't visit children all over the world. In Spain, Greece, Italy, France and many South American countries kids' teeth get collected by a mouse that in return will place a gift or money under the pillow.
In Brazil, lost baby teeth get collected by a bird but only if they are clean. What a great way to promote good oral hygiene from an early age!
In many Asian and African countries it is customary to throw teeth either on the roof or towards the sun. Japanese tradition suggests that upper teeth should be thrown down to the ground and lower teeth vertically into the air so the permanent teeth will grow straight and even2.
No matter what tradition you tend to follow, sooner or later children will question whether the Tooth Fairy may not be real. It is best to gently explain to them that it is a custom that children and parents have been continuing for centuries. Remind them of how much fun they had placing the tooth under a pillow and receiving a gift in return. If there is a younger sibling, ask them to keep it a secret so they can have just as much fun believing in the Tooth Fairy.
Here at Bite Dental we recommend that children come to their dental appointments every 6 to 12 months to ensure that Tooth Fairy visits them when it supposed to and those pearly whites are kept in good shape for life!


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Hudson Review, The
Nordic novels
Bawer, Bruce
When we first meet Constance Ring, the eponymous heroine of the newly reissued 1885 classic by the Norwegian writer Amalie Skram (1846-1905), she's a beautiful young woman of twenty-one who's been married for two years to a successful broker in Kristiania (now Oslo), where they share a sumptuous apartment and a diverting circle of friends.1 Yet something's wrong. Constance, who back home in Molde (we're told) was the life of the party, now stares morosely out the window and gives her husband the cold shoulder. She's won't explain, and he, though frustrated, doesn't seem to have a clue how to talk to her. A year passes. Then, one day, she sees him kissing the maid. She runs to her cousin Marie, expecting sympathy; instead Marie blames Ring's infidelity on Constance's "cold and disdainful" treatment of him. Constance returns home-only to flee again when she learns the maid is pregnant.
This time she consults a pastor. Yet he too fails her, counseling forgiveness. (He changes his tune, though, when asked about female adulterers: "That's a different matter. When a woman falls into that path it is a sign of such degradation, such moral depravity, that we must view her presence in the home as a contamination.") Constance then tries her aunt, the personification of respectable piety, only to be told that men are men and adultery is a fact of life that must be accepted: "If they marry when they're young, they haven't sown their wild oats; if they wait until they're older, their habits have become too much for them." Constance is flabbergasted: "Why didn't you say anything before? Why were you so eager for me to marry?" Because, her aunt explains, "the world is arranged so that women must marry." Constance moves on to a second husband, and a lover too, only to grow more and more disillusioned: not only does she "loathe the filthy institution" (marriage); she sees life itself as "completely empty . . . astonishingly brutal."
One is tempted to call Constance Ring a novel about chronic depression-or Scandinavian malaise?-that thinks it's a novel of feminist social criticism. Yet there is legitimate social criticism here. Skram portrays a society in which radicals and reactionaries tussle over such issues as Norway's union with Sweden, but in which men of every political stripe are hypocrites about love and marriage. Husbands sleep with servant girls and cover up for one another; wives know what's going on but look the other way; both spouses, in public, maintain a factitious image of mutual trust and devotion. Hypocrisy also suffuses religious life. When Charlotte's aunt, lamenting her niece's newfound cynicism about religion, fondly recalls that she "was so devout when she was confirmed," Constance's mother replies tartly: "Well, that was too much of a good thing. . . . Imagine, she was running to Bible readings and services, and even to the most ordinary prayer meetings." To a proper Norwegian lady, fervent faith and sincere disbelief are equally scandalous, since both are equally deficient in hypocrisy.
Though Skram wasn't the first writer from her country to take on the double standard (Constance Ring followed A Doll's House by six years), her dissection of Victorian mores, Norwegian style, is witty and incisive. But what, in the final analysis, does it have to do with her heroine's wall-to-wall gloom? Constance's melancholy, after all, sets in long before she discovers Ring's infidelity and begins to see her society as it really is. What, one feels compelled to ask, is the real cause of her despair? Is she simply repulsed by Ring? If so, why did she marry him? Alas, Skram never gives us a hint of an answer to this last question (and, of course, she shows us absolutely nothing of the prenuptial Constance, which might have illuminated a thing or two).
For all this, it's not hard to understand Constance Rings canonical status in Norway. Manifestly influenced by Maupassant, Tolstoy, and (especially) Flaubert, it has a classic novel's authority, balance, and sense of inevitability. It convincingly captures the flavor of upper-class life in the Kristiania of Skram's day, with its distinctive (and in some ways surprising) combination of conventionality and modernity. Yes, its heroine is foolish and in many ways unlikable, but so, too, after all, is Emma Bovary (about whom, incidentally, Constance comments: "I'm so sick of these immoral women"); like Emma, Constance comes across as a fleshand-blood woman, springing vibrantly off the page, and even, at last, taking on true tragic dimension.
One observation: to read this book in today's Norway is to be awed by the stark class differences, strict sex roles, and Dickensian poverty that defined Norwegian society only a little over a century ago. What, one wonders, would Skram have made of today's rich, classless welfare state, where most women enjoy rights she never dreamed of? Then again, what would she have made of the refusal of today's Norwegian feminists to address the oppression of Muslim women in Norway by their husbands, fathers, and community leaders? (But then, perhaps those feminists' attitude would not shock Skram overmuch-for the social-democratic piety that compels them to ignore certain uncomfortable realities is simply a modern-day version of the anxious conventionality personified by Constance's mother.)
From Mme. Ring's Woolfian woes we proceed to another Norwegian classic-Sigurd Hoel's Meeting at the Milestone (1947), which, one is tempted to say, is about people with real problems.2 Hoel (1890-1960), who was active in the World War II underground, serves up the first-person narrative of an Occupation-era Resistance member who is dispatched to an unnamed town to figure out which of his contacts there is secretly collaborating with the Germans. As it happens, people from his own past live in that town, and, although he's now on the side of the angels, he learns that his long-ago moral lapses played a key role in shaping the evil he encounters there.
"I'm looking for something," says the narrator (whom one can't help identifying with the author). "Groping my way and looking for the roots of something, the roots of what I myself and others have later become." And in fact, the novel does feel unpremeditated-one senses throughout that the narrator is feeling his way, struggling to fit pieces together. Often, to be sure, one suspects he's wandered into a recollection that's irrelevant to his story; even he suggests he's "getting sidetracked." But he adds, presciently: "I have a strange feeling that all this is important." And in fact, seemingly throwaway observations-about the smallness of Norway ("Everyone knew everybody else"), moral justice ("When one has behaved like a bastard, one has to take the consequences") and, in particular, human incomprehensibility ("It was impossible to understand every Tom, Dick and Harry. Not even one's friends. Not even oneself-no, that least of all . . . It's incredible to what extent a human being can deceive himself")-prove to be clues to climactic revelations.
So does a point that's made emphatically in the novel's opening pages: that evil doesn't need to be imported from another country but can be found easily enough in one's own backyard. This the narrator has learned by watching old friends-most of them not conspicuously wicked-become Nazi collaborators. What made them do it? "One went to hell driven by a fixed idea, another by a self-delusion that shattered him, a third by instincts gone astray, a fourth by a stupidity passing all understanding." Might he, too, under other circumstances, have gone bad? Who knows? Life, after all, is a long road and "a person can lose his way many times on that road." Indeed, the narrator can seem to have more empathy for traitors than for Norway's next-door neighbors, who have refused to take skies altogether:
. . . those Swedes! Who were so neutral that it had pierced them to the marrow. Who believed, most of them-well, many of them!-well, some of them anyway!!-that since the country was neutral, it was the duty of each and every citizen to think neutrally, that is, not think at all. Who believed they occupied a morally elevated space because they sat safe on their little mound, while the rest of the world was drowning in the surrounding swamp.
This passage-which, come to think of it, might well have been written about either Norway or Sweden during the Iraq War-is followed by an episode set in Stockholm on D-day. The narrator overhears "some Swedish petit-bourgeois women . . . talking about the great event of the day." "Magnificent!" they exclaim. "Unforgettable!" But it turns out they're not discussing the Normandy invasion; they're talking about the Flag Day parade in downtown Stockholm. He's outraged: "On this day, the greatest day in world history, a parade in the street was the big event for these-these-neutrals!"
Here and elsewhere, Meeting at the Milestone feels utterly autobiographical. Indeed, one of the novel's chief assets is its air of immediacy and moral authenticity. Yet Sverre Lyngstad's energetic translation is at times perhaps a bit too colloquial-within the space of a few pages one runs across "blab," "kicked the bucket," "to boot," and even "ditto heels" (a term unfamiliar to me). Awkward choices and even outright errors occur rather more frequently than they should: "he apologized very much"; "an insurance" (repeatedly) for "an insurance policy"; the pronoun "it" referring back to the antecedent "the people" (which is correct in Norwegian, but not in English). One also regrets the absence of footnotes, which in several instances would have been helpful. (When the narrator describes one traitor as a "fanatic New Norwegian fan," it took me a moment to realize that the reference is to nynorsk, the alternate written dialect of Norwegian.)
An ideological struggle is also at the center of The Fishermen. In his richly informative introduction to this 1928 novel by Hans Kirk (1898-1962), Mark Linder calls it "the best-selling Danish book of all time-apart from the Bible and hymnbook, which play such an important part in it." The introduction's first few pages, however, are almost enough to make you toss out the book.3 For Kirk, we learn, was a lifelong Communist who adored Das Kapital and defended Stalin fervently even after Khrushchev's "secret speech" of 1956; when Linder mentions the "solid theoretical foundation" of The Fishermen and starts quoting from one of Kirk's tracts, one's heart sinks: great, a dreary piece of socialist realism by a Danish Stalinist!
But The Fishermen surprises. Kirk paints a vivid, nuanced, and empathie portrait of a tightly knit Danish fishing community whose members belong to the Inner Mission, a puritanical movement within the Church of Denmark. They call themselves "de hellige," which, as Linder notes, might be translated as "the Holy" or "the Saintly"; Linder chooses "the Pious." As the novel opens, they've left their parish on the North Sea for what they hope will be better fishing on the Limfjord, where another church movement predominates-Grundtvigianism, whose members' worldliness, sophistication, and tolerance places them at the opposite end of the theological spectrum from "the Pious."
No sooner have the Pious moved in than they start trying to force their own rules on their neighbors (such as a baker who has the audacity to stay open on Sundays). The conflict between the newcomers, led by the blunt, no-nonsense Thomas Jensen, and the Grundtvigians, led by a well-meaning but lackluster pastor named Henrik Brink, intensifies steadily. (One finds oneself wondering whether Kirk was an influence on such fundamentalist novelists of our own time as Frank Peretti, whose zealous, upright "true Christian"-i.e., premillennialist-heroes clash with mainstream Protestants whose liberality and open-mindedness are meant to be understood as signs of apostasy.)
Where does Kirk stand on the dissension between the Inner Mission and Grundtvigianism (which, Linder notes, "was reproduced in North America," where Danish immigrants were either "Happy Danes" or "Holy Danes")? At times Kirk seems to celebrate the Pious for their firm beliefs, forthright preaching, and refusal to compromise. (Often, indeed, they remind one of Stalinists.) Yet Kirk also sees the humor in their rigidity. After Anton Knopper is shown a book of dirty pictures, he's "in a dark mood for several days" and has to get up two nights in a row to "read strong words in the Scriptures." When Brink visits Tea and Jens Ron, Tea chides herself for being polite to the "nonbelieving" pastor, for in doing so "she had forsaken her savior the way Simon Peter had while the cock crowed . . . she would have to expiate it ever after." Habitually, the Pious respond to news of ungodly behavior by saying, "We probably shouldn't judge"-after which, needless to say, they dig in their heels and get down to the business of judging.
Linder's translation is for the most part very admirable, though there are some lapses. Brink tells Jensen: "You people are sowing wind and you'll come to harvest adverse wind." Of course, the last three words of this Biblical reference (Hosea 8:7) are usually rendered as "reap the whirlwind." There are slip-ups ("alright," "alot") and anachronisms ("tell it like it is"), as well as instances of over-literal translation (words stand on a sign instead of being written on it; a visiting friend lives with a family instead of staying with them). These minor cavils notwithstanding, Linder deserves considerable credit for resurrecting this important work and rendering it into such lucid, vigorous English.
Could there be a greater distance between the world of The Fishermen and that of Hallgrimur Helgason's 101 Reykjavik?4 Like Nick Hornby's High Fidelity, this brisk, snappy, and diaristic first-person narrative introduces us to a thirtysomething who still hasn't grown up. Stuck in remote Reykjavik, where he lives (in postal code 101) with his ever-indulgent mother, Hlynur Bjorn feels an isolation that's only reinforced by his round-the-clock access to worldwide TV. Tuning into the Pakistani news "to see if they've included Iceland on their world map," he discovers they haven't: "Invisible. We're not there. We're just watching, but no one can see us." Watching is this slacker's strong suit. He conceives of everything in TV terms: an unmanned NASA spacecraft that's "still floating out there somewhere" with a recorded message from Ronald Reagan is, in Hlynur's idiom, "an earth promo." When he's not glued to the TV, he's staring at his computer screen or ogling girls in bars. The novel's running gag is that every female mentioned in the book is awarded a number, appearing in parentheses after her name, indicating how many Icelandic kroner he'd pay to have sex with her. (Mother Teresa: 1,700. Cameron Diaz: 3,900,000.)
Family? Hlynur's father is an alcoholic whom he keeps running into when he's out on the town; Mom is a government bureaucrat who may or may not be romantically involved with Lolla, a woman who's moved in with them. Meanwhile, one of Hlynur's own casual bedmates might be pregnant. Hlynur has plenty of time to dwell on these matters (amidst idle reflections on pop culture, the repulsiveness of Iceland, and other topics), since he doesn't work. Why should he? "What's the point?" he asks. He says he's "been looking for a reason to live" since birth, but hasn't found one yet. You'd expect that such a character might be hard to sympathize with; yet one's heart goes out to this strangely touching, solitary soul as he seeks to get through another long, cold, dark arctic winter. Although the plotlessness and incessant flippancy do come close to wearing one down, 101 Reykjavik is ultimately redeemed not only by Helgason's unsparing wit and energy (I don't remember the last time a novel made me laugh out loud so many times) but also by Hlynur's humanity-all of which, moreover, are wonderfully served by Brian FitzGibbon's bravura, note-perfect translation.
Lucca, by the Danish novelist Jens Christian Grondahl, is every bit as quiet as 101 Reykjavik is noisy.5 Robert, a physician, is on duty one night at a rural hospital when Lucca, thirty-two, is brought into the E.R. after having driven head-on into a truck. Her life, but not her eyesight, is saved. It soon emerges that on the night of the accident, her husband, Andreas, had asked for a divorce. Robert-himself recently divorced, with a young daughter-comes to know both spouses, who begin, haltingly, to tell him about their lives. And then, about a quarter of the way through the novel, Grondahl shifts gears, and proceeds to serve up flashbacks of all three characters' romantic histories, recounting each long-dead love from its enchanted birth to its bitter end. It all adds up to a portrait of life as an unending cycle of devotion and disillusion, intimacy and estrangement.
Grondahl is splendid at capturing the emotional texture of relationships at different stages. One might think there's nothing new to be said about l'amour, but at several points Grondahl articulates lovers' thoughts and feelings in a way that feels remarkably fresh and true. The premise here is that all relationships eventually fail: Lucca says that at the outset of each affair she could see "the end of the story that was just beginning." Yet if this is how the world works, Grondahl wants to know, what does it all mean? When love dies, what's left? Without it, what matters? (As Hlynur would say, what's the point?) Lucca ponders her mother's assertion that there's "more to life than love," but notes ruefully that Mom "did not start to question what counted until love came to an end. That something more in life, was it merely a substitute?"
Lucca probes these questions with delicacy and intelligence, in prose that is at once heartfelt and elegantly composed. Yet the novel, alas, just doesn't build. Eventually, indeed, all the wistful stories of long-evaporated loves seem almost to blend together. Presumably this is intentional: part of Grondahl's message would appear to be that human beings are more alike than different in their need for intimacy and their pain at separation, and that a life made up of a series of relationships doesn't build-it does just. repeat itself. Alas, this grim (if characteristically Scandinavian) view of life and love makes for a novel that, despite its very considerable merits, is ultimately a tad monotonous.
A fascination with the parallels among disparate lives also animates Tales of Protection, an unusual work by the Norwegian writer Erik Fosnes Hansen.6 As it opens, an eccentric millionaire has died, leaving his papers to his niece Lea. Reading them, she discovers his preoccupation with coincidences and with the mysterious communicative powers of bees, both of which, he proposed, suggest the existence of some profound but as yet unrecognized "underlying something, an active universal principle." How, for example, do bees know their queen is dead? How does an accumulation of supposedly random events (such as coin tosses) always end up following a certain mathematical pattern?
The passages in which these questions are contemplated are long and dramatically static, but also extremely absorbing, and their cumulative effect is to establish a perspective that strongly shapes one's response to the "tales" that follow. Those tales feature such characters as Josefa, the daughter of a nineteenth-century Swedish lighthouse keeper; Bernhard Enberg, a choirboy with a promising singing voice who grows up to be a sailor; and Fiorello, servant to a Renaissance Italian nobleman. One finds oneself viewing these people, great and lowly alike, as if from on high, recognizing all of them as poignantly tiny and terribly vulnerable creatures whose survival, in a world rife with wars, accidents, and the unpremeditated butchery of innocents, seems scarcely comprehensible except as the result of some grand cosmic act of protection.
Fosnes Hansen conveys an overwhelming sense of the world's fragility and of the extraordinary significance of every human act. Yet the action here is less interesting than the reflections to which it gives rise. The highlight of the section about Fiorello, for example, is a lengthy conversation between his master, Lorenzo del Vetro, and a painter about the theoretical foundations of visual art and the nature of aesthetic experience. Enberg, for his part, ponders what he calls the "Separation Problem"-by which he means, quite simply, his inability to understand "the meaning in the fact that one can so easily lose something," whether it be a loved one (paging Jens Christian Grondahl!) or a set of keys. One thing that makes this book so special is Fosnes Hansen's readiness to raise questions that may seem elementary, even foolish. He doesn't try to impress readers, or mistake obfuscation for profundity; he knows, on the contrary, that profundity and simplicity go hand in hand. Granted, Tales of Protection might justifiably be criticized as drawn-out and meandering; but what matters is that one comes away from it feeling that along the way one has meandered, at least once or twice, into profundity's backyard.
If Fosnes Hansen is near one end of the spectrum between pure art and pure entertainment, the Swedish writer Henning Mankell, who writes "police-procedure" yarns about a detective named Kurt Wallender, is close to the other. Two of Mankell's books have now appeared in English translation.7 In One Step Beyond, a serial killer stalks Ystad, the coastal town where Wallender lives and works; in The Dogs of Riga, a murder investigation leads Wallender to Latvia, where the scale of police corruption makes his law-abiding Scandinavian head spin. Like John Le Carre's George Smiley, he's a weary loner (he's constantly on the verge of quitting the force for a less stressful job in company security); like the narrator of Meeting at the Milestone, he's done heroic work but derives little happiness from it.
This last is no surprise, since both happiness and heroism rub uncomfortably against Scandinavian culture's highest values: security, conformity, and the suppression of individualism and personal ambition in the name of teamwork and the good of the whole. For American readers, indeed, what may be most interesting about Mankell is the window he offers on Nordic sensibilities. "I've never believed in pure evil," Wallender muses in One Step Beyond. "There are no evil people, no one with brutality hardwired in their genes. There are evil circumstances and environments, not evil per se." Where but in Hans Blix country could a veteran cop think this way? In The Dogs of Riga a brutal murderer is let out of prison to attend his mother's funeral, but the funeral proves to be a ruse, and the murderer escapes. Some Swedes, Wallender observes, are still "naive enough to believe that no one would forge a funeral invitation." Mankell's not exaggerating.8
Meanwhile, in Studio Sex, Liza Marklund shows us a homicide investigation not from the perspective of a middle-aged cop but through the eyes of Annika Bengtzon, a cub reporter in Stockholm who's facing her first big professional challenge: a young woman's murder.9 Like Mankell's books, this is a page-turner with a Scandinavian flavor; yet if Mankell's got this genre down to a science, Studio Sex feels cruder, clunkier. Reading episodes involving Annika's boyfriend and her cat, we have a good idea of what we're being set up for. (The would-be surprise ending isn't a surprise at all.) Marklund-who in her dust jacket photo is clad in black leather coat and black boots and stares at us boldly, arms defiantly crossed, a take-no-bull look on her face-plainly wants to give Studio Sex a hip, sexy edge. The title itself, after all, is a come-on, a tease. But she also wishes to be politically correct and make a feminist statement-the result of which is that when she finally takes us inside the sex club that gives the novel its name, she's so wary of writing anything that might titillate anybody that there's zero atmosphere and zero payoff. None of which, however, has prevented this and other Annika Bengtzon mysteries (of which Studio Sex is the second to appear in English) from becoming huge international bestsellers.
Copyright Hudson Review Autumn 2003
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"On occasion, schools will let students write their way in [to college]" (Thaler 11).
"Admissions officers are real human beings with real emotions. If they like you and think you are interesting, they will be more likely to admit you" (Thaler 13).
"Your application is dynamic; as a general matter, all of your strengths and weaknesses are considered together" (Thaler 13).
"Any information about you that can influence the admissions decision is part of the application, regardless of its source" (Thaler 14).
Know thyself, know thy thoughts, open up to the full range of human emotion – Be Mindful!
"Deconstruct – as you reflect on your life experiences, take not of the many emotions, feelings, thoughts, and sensations that arise" (Thaler 24).
"Avoid the 'what the admissions committee wants to hear' trap. The most common challenge for students (by far) is to express themselves without resorting to the clichés that admissions officers are tired of reading" (Thaler 25).
"Think about the effect that your words will have on someone who has never met you. Ask yourself whether your words, phrases, or ideas might be interpreted differently from the interpretation you intend them to have" (Thaler 26).
"The best essays are the result of many successive brainstorming sessions, drafts, and edits" (Thaler 28).
Brainstorming: process of generating, developing, and shaping ideas. –> Start with the prompt!
Drafting: "Use all tools at [your] disposal — word pallet, tone, syntax, structure, etc. — to transform your application from a piece of clear glass into a unique crystal prism" (Thaler 52).
Editing: Forget about your essay for a few days, do something fun, and then pick it back up to "shape how the admissions committee perceives you" (Thaler 78). Also, enlist a few good friends to look at your essay objectively.
Create a group of two (or if necessary 3).
Each member should choose one of the prompts above that they would like to write on.
Create a list of 10 questions grounded on the prompt you chose; you will interview your partner(s).
Record your partner's responses, also being mindful of their reactions, emotional response, voice inflection, body language, and general demeanour.
Create a list of 7-10 ideas for how your partner(s) might write a personal statement based on the chosen prompt. Share your ideas with your partner for confirmation of truthful understanding.
What message would we like to convey?
What facts, personal examples, and/or experiences can you provide? "Show, don't tell. Let the reader draw his own conclusions" (Thaler 33).
Create a Concept Map (see pages 44-45 from the above digital document).
Share your concept map with your partner for confirmation of truthful understanding.
Consider the sequence of your concept map – is it in the most exciting order?
Share your concept map with another group's member – can they follow your ideas? Revise accordingly.
Were you mindful? "Cultivate an awareness of the sensations, emotions, and thoughts that arise as you think about your essay. Strive to put that awareness at the center of all your admissions-essay efforts" (Thaler 50).
Read pages 50-76 from The Art of the Personal Statement.
Follow the process in an iterative fashion.
Read from page 77 to the end in The Art of the Personal Statement.
Follow the same process as above, but this time, you will be asking yourself the questions, and writing YOUR personal statement.
This is the real deal. Tell one facet of you. Show them that they have good reason to like you, trust you, and let you into their college.
Thaler, Alexander. The Art of the Personal Statement. S.l.: A. Thaler, 2013. Print.


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What better proof of the falsity, therefore, of the foregoing statements t Bemember, these were not cases of marital unhappiness or unfitness, but just the facts in real cases (online). Clu'istian, of Harvard, pointed out that, taking the three criteria of 10 benefit from digitalis as being loss of weight from the lessening cedenia, diuresis, and slowing of far as to say that he thought that the drug was more useful in failing compensation where the rhythm was regular than where fibrillation existed. With further experience and research sirve into the nature of this phenomenon, perhaps this technique will prove useful in the therapy of leukemia.
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Rahman v. Mott's LLP, No. 3:13-cv-03482 (N.D. Cal.): A California federal judge denied certification of a California class in a case alleging that Mott's mislabeled its 100% apple juice as "no sugar added." The plaintiff sought class certification under Rule 23(b)(3) for his California Unfair Competition Law and quasi-contract claims, which previously survived summary judgment. The court found the plaintiff satisfied Rule 23's predominance requirement as to issues of liability but failed to show predominance as to damages because he introduced no evidence showing that restitution damages could feasibly and efficiently be calculated on a class-wide basis. Thus, no class could be certified for purposes of seeking damages. Acknowledging his failure to provide evidence that damages could be measured on a class-wide basis, the plaintiff asked the court to certify a liability-only class under Rule 23(c)(4). The court denied the plaintiff's request, finding the plaintiff failed to show why certifying a liability-only class would be efficient or desirable. The court found that allowing the plaintiff to later certify a second class for damages (if he was successful on his liability class) would essentially require two trials. The court noted that the plaintiff was vague about whether he intended to later seek a class for damages, let class members pursue damage claims individually, or pursue some other undisclosed plan. None of these options were desirable and the court accordingly denied the request for a liability-only class.


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Home Current Affairs 4 To 5-Member GRCs Are Optimal For Communities, Says Former PAP MP...
4 To 5-Member GRCs Are Optimal For Communities, Says Former PAP MP Inderjit Singh
The government wants smaller GRCs.
The Must Share News Team
5 Sep 2019, 5:48 pm
4 To 5-Member GRCs Are Best For Running Town Councils
Just yesterday (4 Sep), news came about that the Singapore Electoral Boundaries Review Committee has been officially set up. This is almost certainly a sign that elections are coming up.
In the press release, it was stated that the committee should aim to reduce the average size of the Group Representation Constituencies (GRCs) and have more single-member ones.
Currently, 14 GRCs have 4-6 members, with Ang Mo Kio and Pasir Ris-Punggol having the maximum of 6 members each. Additionally, there are 13 single-member ones.
Electoral Division Map as of 2015
According to former PAP MP Inderjit Singh, 4-to-5-member constituencies are the optimal size for running town councils. This is because if the constituency is too big, i.e. 6 members, it will not be good for the image of the ruling party.
This sentiment was expressed by National University of Singapore political science professor Bilveer Singh, who told the Straits Times,
Having six members is loading the dice (in favour of the ruling party) and doesn't make the PAP look good. PM Lee is equalising that playing field.
This is why he and many other political analysts believe that come the next election, 6-member constituencies will be no more.
Having too many small constituencies won't be good either. Smaller constituencies will inevitably mean more constituencies, and PAP may not have enough ministers to lead all of them.
Creating more single-member constituencies
The government also wishes for there to be more single-member constituencies. This will allow smaller parties to participate in the election.
Another political commentator told the national broadsheet that the new single-member constituencies could come from PAP strongholds like Bishan-Toa Payoh and Nee Soon. This is so PAP can test the waters with this new electoral direction.
Having smaller GRCs could also mean that residents will feel more affinity towards their GRC. If a GRC is so large, they wouldn't feel like they're part of a community.
General election procedure
Once the boundaries are released, the parties will pick and finalise where to put their candidates, to determine which candidate should contest which GRC.
Next, the parliament will be dissolved. The maximum duration for a Parliament is 5 years from its first sitting. Since PAP took over Parliament in Sep 2015, the latest the Parliament can last is till Sep 2020. But this time it's different, since the elections are happening earlier.
After this, the President will issue a writ of election, which is basically a legal document saying that the election must be held.
The parties will then start going around holding rallies and telling people why they should vote for them.
And after about 10 days – usually – all eligible voters will go to voting stations around Singapore to cast their vote. Voting in Singapore is compulsory, which means if you don't want to vote, you'll have to submit an explanation to the Elections Department on why you did not.
Voting is compulsory because it is considered a duty, as citizens of the country, to participate in the country's decision-making process.
Now, if you're going to vote, please do so wisely. Spend just a little bit of time hearing the parties and politicians out. Listen, understand and be critical of what they say they'll do if they secure the seat. They're the ones who will be making decision that ultimately affects you. So remember, vote wisely.
Featured images adapted from PAP.
electoral boundaries review committee
grc singapore
group representation constituency
singapore general election
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1967 plymouth belvedere 2 4 door sedan. I bought the car in 2015. Completely disassembled the car to the shell. I converted it to use factory bucket seats, and console. I got the idea because I have a 2011 Dodge Charger RT (Toxic Orange) which happens to be a 4 door. Getting back to the Plymouth. I was able to use a stock shifter, and linkage, because the floor pan was stamped with the floor shift boss and the three dimples to use for the rubber boot for the linkage through the floor, and of course on the rear floor pan has the boss for the dual exhaust bracket and hanger are there also. The car will get a 383, with hipo exhaust manifolds. It will be a mild 383.i spent some time on my back with a propane torch and a scraper. Anybody who has done this knows what I'm talking about. I was going to go with an after market wiring harness, but i did some research, and i went with a factory dash harness from m&h electric, and the rear, and engine compartment harness was supplied by evans wiring, in fact bill evans made a new back up light harness for the back up lights (used original sockets) i have read that ron francis badmouths the bulkhead connector in these cars, but this car is fifty plus years old, and had no electrical issues before i disassembled it. It was all plug, and play. I used dielectric grease on all plugs, and connections. I am not putting down aftermarket wiring harnesses. I just did not feel like reengineering anything. I must give a shout out to tonys mopar parts, Jim Drain, Rick Ehrenberg, Scrogs hot rods. Jim Drain was especially helpful with any questions i had.i was asked why i would want to work on a 4 door, i said because these are orphan cars that are ripped apart for parts. I remember in the the eighties i saw a '66 or '67 Buick wildcat with a console and bucket seats. I thought that was pretty cool, and of course I bought my Charger Rt in 2011, and i got the idea maybe i can do this with a plymouth or dodge b body. Like I said previously the plymouth sedan came with the floor pan stamped with the provision for a factory floor shift, and dual exhaust. The newer pix i added are the front seat area where I completed the install of the console and shifter. The door panels were redone by Paul Pascatore, as well as the rest of the interior. The two tone panels in the earlier pictures looked cheesy. The windshield, and back glass will go in soon. I'm doing some research in my area ( Ocala,Fl) for glass companies that can handle older cars. First requirement is no belt buckles.
68Moparmaniac, 2LGT2QT, JimCoronette and 3 others like this.
Great project car. What was the original color and engine? Please keep us updated. Best of luck.
The original color was silver. The interior was was silver, and blue. The car was originally a silver special. It had a 318 and 727 torqueflite. It was manufactured in the St.Louis plant.
I had a 273 4 door, put in a 67 440 and power buckets from 67 300. Drilled the exhaust bracket like you did, and the floor was dimpled for the bucket seat holes. I kept the column shift. Ran 14.02@98 mph with 3.23's and street radials just feathering it off the line then going full throttle.
Luv these 4 door b-bodies! Great job!
That thing is off the chain, sweet man real sweet. Love it 4Drs and all. Where did you get the defrost duct vents or are they original?
If you noticed i changed the upholstery on the door panels. The two tone looked cheesy. The interior was done by Paul Pascatore, Ocala,Fl. Does fantastic work.
Making great progress, looks like your finish line is in sight.
The last picture is not Harry and the Henderson's. This what happens when you spend a couple of days scraping undercoating of the underside of a car.
Bought a headlight harness with the relays from Robert Yule. Great harness, and instructions.
Hopefully soon the headliner, and rug goes in. Then the glass etc.
really nice, like wagons the 4 doors are becoming more and more a desired projects.


text:
L'Equipe: Nantes decide to listen to offers for star midfielder with Milan ready to pounce
AC Milan are at the window as Nantes have decided to listen to offers for midfield star Imran Louza, according to a report.
Milan's priority in January is to buy a new centre-back given that injuries have vastly depleted Stefano Pioli's options, but the vast majority of sources are also reported that a new midfield signing is on the agenda too.
Calciomercato.it recently reported that scout leader Geoffrey Moncada is scouring the French market for possible reinforcements, and that Louza is one of a seven-man list of players that has caught his eye.
According to what is being reported by L'Equipe (via MilanNews), there could be several movements in the Nantes midfield in the upcoming market, especially with regard to Imran Louza.
The French club would not oppose the sale of the 21-year-old and Milan, therefore, are tempted to try and strike the blow. The Rossoneri management apparently see Louza as a market opportunity that they would not want to miss.
Tags AC Milan Imran Louza


text:
Q: Shortening answer goes wrong? I want to write a function to count the occurrences of all the letters in a str, sounded easy enough and I came up with this
def letter_count(str)

     hash = {}
     letters = str.gsub(' ','').split('')
     letters.each do |letter|
        if hash.include?(letter)
          hash[letter] += 1
        else
          hash[letter] = 1
        end

     end
  hash

end

letter_count('moon') => {"m"=>1, "o"=>2, "n"=>1}

when I tried to shorten it to
def letter_count(str)

     hash = {}
     letters = str.gsub(' ','').split('')
     letters.each do |letter|
        hash[letter] += 1 if hash.include?(letter)
        hash[letter] = 1

     end
  hash

end

The answer became:
letter_count('moon') => {"m"=>1, "o"=>1, "n"=>1}

Can you please tell me what I went wrong??? Thank you!!!!!!!

A: My personal implementation (just for fun):
str = "moon"
counts = Hash[ str.scan(/\S/).group_by(&:chr).map{ |c,a| [c,a.length] } ]
#=> {"m"=>1, "o"=>2, "n"=>1}

A: The line where you set hash[letter] = 1 always executes. That is why your hash has each letter having a value of 1. You could use a ternary operator to get it to one line, like so:
letters.each do |letter|
    hash.include?(letter) ? hash[letter] += 1 : hash[letter] = 1
end

This is an if, else then statement. If the hash has the letter as a key then the value is incremented, else the hash stores the letter as a key and assigns '1' as its value.
A helpful link: http://alvinalexander.com/blog/post/ruby/examples-ruby-ternary-operator-true-false-syntax

A: How about this?
def letter_count(str)
  str.gsub(' ','').split('').each_with_object(Hash.new(0)) do |letter, hash|
    hash[letter] += 1
  end
end

letter_count('moon') # => {"m"=>1, "o"=>2, "n"=>1}

A little improvement: use scan instead of gsub + split
def letter_count(str)
  str.scan(/[^\s]/).each_with_object(Hash.new(0)) do |letter, hash|
    hash[letter] += 1
  end
end

letter_count('sun and stars') # => {"s"=>3, "u"=>1, "n"=>2, "a"=>2, "d"=>1, "t"=>1, "r"=>1}

A: This particular problem is a great example of how choosing the right algorithm, but even more importantly the right data structure can massively simplify the solution. In fact, in this particular case, choosing the right data structure will make the algorithm so trivial that it basically completely vanishes: the data structure already is the answer.
The data structure I am talking about is a Multiset: a Multiset is like a Set, except it doesn't store only unique items, instead an item can be added multiple times and the MultiSet will keep count of how often an item was added – which is exactly what you want. Basically, a Set tells you whether a particular item is in the Set at all, a Multiset in addition also tells you how often that particular item is in the Multiset.
Unfortunately, there is no Multiset implementation in the Ruby core library or standard library, but there is a gem.
The whole code is literally just:
def letter_count(str)
  Multiset[*str.chars]
end

letter_count('moon')
# => #<Multiset:#1 "m", #2 "o", #1 "n">

Yes, that's it. That's the entire code. As you can see, there is one occurrence of the letter 'm', two occurrences of the letter 'o' and one occurrence of the letter 'n'.

A: hash[letter] = 1 will always execute. You can restructure your code like this:
letters.each do |letter|
    hash[letter] = 0 unless hash[letter]
    hash[letter] += 1
end

or without suffix conditionals:
letters.each do |letter|
    if hash[letter]
      hash[letter] += 1
    else
      hash[letter] = 1
    end
end

A: As already explained, the problem is because hash[letter] = 1 is always executed.
To make your code even more short, you can completely get rid of the if by passing default value into your hash constructor:
hash = Hash.new(0)
letters.each { |letter| hash[letter] += 1 }

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