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Written by April in Uncategorized
It is often said that the marine ecosystem is more diverse than the terrestrial ecosystem. Of the many animals in marine bodies, one group stands out – the dolphins.
Dolphins are smart, social, playful, friendly, and delightful mammals. They are so smart that some studies posit that they might be second only to humans in intelligence.
Presently, there are at least 42 dolphin species in the world spread across 5 families: Oceanic Dolphin, Amazon River Dolphin, Baiji, South Asian River Dolphin, and Franciscana.
The Oceanic Dolphin family consists of at least 38 species. The remaining 4 families – also called the River Dolphins – consist of at least 4 species.
Now, besides the five families, there is a sixth family. This sixth family is the porpoise family, and it consists of seven species.
There might be differences, but porpoises are usually classified as the sixth dolphin family. While they look a lot like dolphins, porpoises are smaller, and they do not have protruding beaks like dolphins.
So, when porpoises are classified as dolphins, the number of dolphin species in the world rises to at least 49.
In this article, we will be considering all the dolphin species (types of dolphins) under the oceanic, river, and porpoise family.
Oceanic Dolphins
Killer Whale (Orca)
Striped Dolphin
Spinner Dolphin
Hector's Dolphin
Irrawaddy Dolphin
Short-Beaked Common Dolphin
Long-Beaked Common Dolphin
Risso's Dolphin
Dusky Dolphin
White-Beaked Dolphin
Pacific White-Sided Dolphin
Pantropical Spotted Dolphin
False Killer Whale
Commerson's Dolphin
Long-Finned Pilot Whale
Short-Finned Pilot Whale
Tucuxi
Chilean Dolphin
Fraser's Dolphin
Guiana Dolphin
Rough-Toothed Dolphin
Atlantic Spotted Dolphin
Atlantic White-Sided Dolphin
Melon-Headed Whale
Peale's Dolphin
Australian Snubfin Dolphin
Heaviside's Dolphin
Clymene Dolphin
Northern Right Whale Dolphin
Southern Right Whale Dolphin
Atlantic Humpback Dolphin
Australian Humpback Dolphin
Indian Ocean Humpback Dolphin
River Dolphins
Amazon River Dolphin
Araguaian River Dolphin
Baiji
South-Asian River Dolphins
La Plata Dolphin (Franciscana)
Porpoises
Harbor Porpoise
Indo-Pacific Finless Porpoise
Narrow-Ridged Finless Porpoise
Spectacled Porpoise
Burmeister's Porpoise
Extinct Dolphins
Oceanic dolphins are the largest family of dolphins with at least 38 known species. As revealed by their names, members of this family are found in water bodies like oceans and seas.
Oceanic dolphins belong to the Delphinidae family under the seven levels of classification. One distinguishing feature of the members of this family is their distinct beak.
Other features include at least 20 pairs of upper jaw teeth, fused cervical vertebrae, and a maximum length of 13 feet.
They don't kill, they are not whales, but Killer Whales are the biggest dolphins in the world.
Male Orcas weigh as much as 22,046 pounds, while the females weigh around 16534 pounds. The males grow to be longer than the females, measuring 32 feet compared to the females (28 feet). The calves grow as big as 396 pounds and measure 8 feet in length.
They cover a broad habitat, including the Red Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the Mediterranean Sea, the Persian Gulf, and the Gulf of California. Orcas are also found in more than 39 countries across various continents of the world.
Killer Whales have a pod size of up to 50 individuals, with the oldest female leading the pack. Orcas eat a wide variety of marine animals, including dolphins, fish, seals, sharks, octopi, whales, squids, and rays.
Killer Whales are migratory. But their migration is influenced by the availability of food. One interesting thing about Orcas is that each time they sleep, they do so with half of their brain.
There are currently 60 orcas in captivity.
Striped Dolphins inhabit various oceans around the world, notably deep offshore waters. The males of this species grow as big as 352 pounds and 8.5 feet, while the females reach 330 pounds and 8 feet. Striped Dolphin calves can span up to 3.25 feet and weigh 22 pounds.
They live in groups of 100-500 individuals, and they feed on squids and smaller fish such as lantern-fish. A few Striped Dolphins have been successfully kept in captivity in Japan. But most efforts to keep them have failed.
Botlenose dolphins live in various oceans around the world besides the cold Antarctic and Arctic waters.
Some Common Bottlenose Dolphins are migratory, while some are not. Their diet is dependent on their habitat, but they are known to feed on salmons, crustaceans, and squids.
They commonly move in pods of 2-20 individuals. But on rare occasions, they move in thousands. Bottlenose Dolphins have individual names. They grow to be around 1433 pounds with the males having a max length of 12.5 feet and the females 12 feet. Baby Bottlenose Dolphins can grow as long as 4.25 feet.
There are as many as 1000 Common Bottlenose Dolphins in captivity.
Spinner Dolphins are so named because they spin and are highly acrobatic. They inhabit all subtropical and tropical waters in the world. They grow as big as 180 pounds; the females grow as long as 6.5, the males 7.7 feet, and the calves 2.6 feet.
The pod size of Spinner Dolphins can be as large as 200 individuals, and they eat small fishes, squids, and shrimps. They migrate vertically and horizontally, and they do well in captivity.
Hector's Dolphins are the smallest and rarest marine dolphins in the world. They are found only in the coastal regions of New Zealand, and they move in pods of 2-10 individuals, and sometimes these pods merge into larger pods. They may later break the larger pods into smaller groups.
Female Hector's Dolphins can be as long as 4.59 feet, while the males can be as long as 4.26 feet. The males weigh 132 pounds, while the females weigh 125 pounds. The calves grow as long as 2.6 feet and weigh 22 pounds.
Hector's Dolphins eat coastal schooling fish such as stargazer, yellow-eyed mullet, and red cod. They also eat squids, and they hunt using echolocation.
Hector's Dolphins may migrate during spring and summer.
Irrawaddy Dolphins look very similar to baby belugas except that they have dorsal fins.
Irrawaddy Dolphins live in various coastal marine environments in Asia, including Indonesia, Southeast Asia, and the Bengal Bay. Peculiarly, some members of this species have been seen in freshwater environments, including the Mahakam River, the Chilka Lake, the Ayeyarwady River, and the Songkhla Lake.
Adult Irrawaddies grow as big as 286 pounds, while the calves weigh around 22 pounds. The males span 8.85 feet, the females 7.55 feet, and the calves 3.28 feet.
They usually move in pods of six, but groups of 25 have been seen. Irrawaddy Dolphins feed on any fish type available in their environment. They migrate between various habitats, and they are popular targets for captivity.
The Short-Beaked Common Dolphin is one of 2 recognized species of the Common Dolphin. They live in temperate and tropical waters of the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans.
Female Short-beaked Common Dolphins grow as long as 8.53 feet, while the calves grow to be 2.62 feet long and 22 pounds. The males attain a maximum weight of 330 pounds and length of 8.85 feet.
They typically have a pod size of 10-50 individuals. Short-Beaked Common Dolphins eat various schooling fishes, including herrings, anchovies, sardines, hakes, and mackerels. They also eat octopi and squids.
Short-Beaked Common Dolphins are uncommon in captivity.
The Long-Beaked Common Dolphins are the second recognized Common Dolphin species. Adults of this species weigh 176-518 pounds, although commonly 330 pounds. The males are slightly longer than the females – 8.2 feet compared to 7.2 feet. The calves weigh 37 pounds and span 3.28 feet.
Long-Beaked Common Dolphins live in tropical and temperate regions of the Indian, Atlantic, and Pacific Oceans. They move in pods of 10-50 individuals, and they feed on a broad range of fishes like the Short-Beaked Common Dolphins.
Long-Beaked Common Dolphins are not common in captivity, and they have the highest number of teeth amongst dolphins.
It is thought that there might be a third Common Dolphin species called the Arabian Common Dolphin. But so far, this species is only recognized as a regional variety of the long-beaked common dolphin.
Risso's Dolphins live in virtually all the tropical and temperate waters in the world. They love eating squids, but they also eat shrimps, prawns, cuttlefishes, and other types of marine bodies. It all depends on the environment.
Risso's Dolphins span 3.6-13.12 feet, with the adults weighing up to 1102 pounds. The calves, on the other hand, weigh as much as 44 pounds. Risso's Dolphins are very social, and they move around in pods of up to 50 individuals.
The migration of Risso's Dolphins is not well-studied. But they do migrate as they go after their prey. This species has been held captive in the USA and Japan, successfully.
Dusky Dolphins span 3.28-6.88 feet, and they weigh as much as 187 pounds. They inhabit temperate and coastal waters across the Southern Hemisphere. Dusky Dolphins are divided into 4 subspecies, with each one separated by an ocean.
This species feeds on schooling fishes including sardines, anchovies, and mackerels. They commonly move in groups of 20. But sometimes, the pod size could be as large as 500-1000 or even 2000.
As the name hints, White-Beaked Dolphins have white beaks. They grow as big as 88-771 pounds and as long as 3.6-10.17 feet.
White-Beaked Dolphins are limited to cold and temperate waters of the northern region of the Atlantic Ocean. They move in pods of 5-50 individuals and feed on over 25 different species of marine animals, including squids, cods, crustaceans, and haddocks.
When winter comes, White-Beaked Dolphins migrate towards the south and further offshore.
Pacific White-Sided Dolphins can be as long as 8.2 feet and as heavy as 440 pounds. They are found in the temperate North Pacific waters and associated seas.
They consume various prey, including schooling fishes and squids. Pacific White-Sided Dolphins move in pods of 10-100 individuals, but it could also be as many as 2000.
Pacific White-Sided Dolphins live in captivity, and they thrive too. When winter comes, members of this species move towards inshore waters.
These dolphins inhabit coastal waters of eastern Central China through south-east Asia and the Indian east coast. They grow as long as 3.28-9.18 feet and as heavy as 617 pounds.
This species feeds on various types of fishes depending on their environment. Indo-Pacific Humpbacks are not as social as most dolphins, and they usually move in pods of less than ten individuals.
Indo-Pacific Humpbacks migrate across the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and they are not commonly raised in captivity.
Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins span 3.6-8.85 feet, weighing 46-507 pounds. They typically live in tropical western Pacific and Indian Ocean waters. It is estimated that the population of Indo-Pacific Bottlenose Dolphins in oceans is around 6000.
Indo-Pacific Bottlenoses feed various types of species, with octopi and squids as their favorite. They commonly move in groups of 5-15 dolphins, and they are quite common in captivity.
Pantropical Spotted Dolphins can be as big as 262 pounds and as long as 2.78-8.53 feet. They are commonly found in subtropical and tropical waters with a preference for waters with surface temperatures above 25°. They inhabit the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans. They also live in the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf.
They feed on crustaceans, cephalopods, and schooling fishes. Their pod size varies largely; coastal pods commonly contain less than 100 individuals, while offshore pods can have as many as thousands.
Pantropical Spotted Dolphins are migratory, and a few are in captivity.
They might be called whales, but they are actually dolphins – one of the largest ones. False Killer Whales weigh around 2645-4850 pounds. They grow as long as 14.76-19.68 feet, and the babies span as much as 6.56.
False Killer Whales feed on fishes, squids, and smaller marine mammals. They move in groups of 10-40 individuals and inhabit tropical and warm temperate waters in various regions of the world.
It is not clear if False Killer Whales migrate. But a few of them are kept in captivity.
Commerson's Dolphins have a peculiar black-and-white marking, and this earned them the name Panda Dolphins. They are small-sized dolphins weighing as much as 190 pounds and spanning lengths of 2.13-5.9 feet.
They live in cold waters close to shores. You may find them in coastal Argentina waters, coastal Kerguelen Islands waters, Falkland Islands coastal waters, and southernmost Chile coastal waters.
Commerson's Dolphins usually move in pods of less than ten, but sometimes they could be as many as 100 individuals. They feed on schooling fishes, shrimps, seaweeds, squids, and marine worms.
There are a few Commerson's Dolphins in captivity.
Long-Finned Pilot Whales are massive, weighing 2866-5070 pounds. The babies can be as long as 5.9 feet and as heavy as 220 pounds. The adults span 18.7-21.98 feet, and the females are generally longer.
Most times, they feed on cephalopods: octopi and squids. But they may also eat schooling fishes. Long-Finned Pilot Whales live in temperate and cold waters of the North Atlantic Ocean and the Southern Hemisphere.
They are migratory, and their movements are directed by sources of food. A pod can contain 10-20 individuals or even more.
The Short-Finned Pilot Whales are classified as Pilot Whales like the Long-Finned variant. They live in temperate and tropical oceans around the world. Alongside the Long-Finned Pilot Whales, Short-Finned Pilot Whales are the second largest dolphins behind Orcas.
They grow as long as 18.04-18.7 feet and as heavy as 6613 pounds. Short-Finned Pilot Whales feed on schooling fishes and cephalopods. They move in pods of 10-50 individuals and migrate occasionally.
Short-Finned Pilot Whales have been kept in captivity in various parks. But they usually do not thrive.
Tucuxis inhabit the Amazon basin, the Orinoco River, and various rivers in Peru, Brazil, Ecuador, and Colombia. Like the Irrawaddies, they are found in freshwater and coastal water. They grow as long as 4.92 feet and as big as 116 pounds.
Tucuxis feed on various crustaceans and freshwater fishes. Tucuxis in freshwater regions move in groups of 9-20, while those in coastal waters move in pods of up to 50 members.
Tucuxis do not thrive in captivity, and no significant migration has been seen in this species.
There may be less than 5000 members of this species left in the world. Chilean Dolphins are one of the smallest species of dolphins, and they inhabit Chilean coastal waters.
They span 3.28 feet as calves and up to 5.57 feet as adults. Adult Chilean Dolphins weigh around 138 pounds, and they feast on squids, fishes, and crustaceans.
Chilean Dolphin pods usually contain 2-15 individuals. They are typically non-migratory, or they migrate at low rates.
Fraser's Dolphins inhabit 3 of the world's major oceans: the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans. The adults of this species grow as long as 8.53-8.85 feet and as big as 462 pounds. They move in pods of 100-500 individuals. But in rare cases, the pod could contain up to 1000 individuals.
Fraser's Dolphins feed on fishes. But they supplement their diet with cephalopods and crustaceans.
Guiana Dolphins inhabit estuaries and shallow coastal waters around the Atlantic regions of central and South America. They may also be found around the coast of some Caribbean Islands.
Adult Guianas are as long as 6.23-7.21 feet, with a maximum weight of 266 pounds. They feed on crabs, squids, shrimps, and open-ocean fishes.
Guiana Dolphins move in cohesive pods of around 10-15 individuals. The pods can also be as small as 2-10 or as large as 20-30 individuals. While members of this species migrate, they usually only do so for short distances.
The Rough-Toothed Dolphins are so named because of the texture of the surface of their teeth. They live in warm-temperate, deep oceanic, and tropical waters of the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans.
Adult Rough-Toothed Dolphins can weigh as much as 341 pounds while growing as long as 8.69-9.18 feet. The males are typically longer than the females. They eat large fishes, octopi, squids, smelts, and hound fishes.
They commonly have a pod size of 10-20, but larger ones of up to 160 individuals have been seen. Rough-Toothed Dolphins have survived being kept in captivity in Hawaii, a feat uncommon for oceanic dolphins.
Hourglass Dolphins have a unique pattern on their sides that looks like an hourglass. They are commonly found in sub-Antarctic and Antarctic waters. The maximum length of an adult Hourglass Dolphin stands at 5.9-6.23 feet, and the females are usually longer than the males.
Adult Hourglass Dolphins can weigh as much as 264 pounds. They eat small fishes, squids, and crustaceans such as shrimps. Hourglass Dolphins commonly move in dozens, but they sometimes have a pod size of up to 100.
This species of dolphin is migratory, and they follow cold-water currents as the season changes.
Atlantic Spotted Dolphins are great divers. They can hold their breath for up to ten minutes and dive as far as 196 feet. Atlantic Spotted Dolphins live in the Atlantic Ocean, particularly the tropical offshore regions. They grow as long as 7.54 feet and weigh as much as 315 pounds.
Atlantic Spotted Dolphins that stay in offshore areas move in pods of up to 100. On the other hand, those in coastal areas have groups of 5-15. They eat cephalopods, bottom-dwellers, and small fishes. This species is migratory.
Atlantic White-Sided Dolphins inhabit the North Atlantic Ocean, particularly the cold and temperate waters. The males are longer than the females, growing as long as 9.18 feet while the females only reach 8.2 feet. Adults of this species can weigh as much as 518 pounds.
They move in groups of 2-50 dolphins and feast on herrings, sand eels, cods, shrimps, and mackerels. Atlantic White-Sided Dolphins migrate seasonally.
There are about 50,000 Melon-Headed Whales in the oceans. They commonly stay in deep subtropical waters, and they are usually seen in areas around the Hawaiian Islands.
The females hit a maximum length of 9.02 feet, while the males reach 8.69 feet. Melon-Headed Whales can grow as big as 606 pounds. They move in pods of hundreds and eat shrimps, small fishes, and squids.
Some Melon-Headed Whales are reported to be in captivity. But this species generally do not do well under such condition. They are, however, not known to be migratory.
Here's another dolphin that does not kill and is not a whale. Pygmy Killer Whales stay around subtropical and tropical waters of the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic Oceans. The adults grow as long as 6.88-8.53 feet and they weigh 374-496 pounds.
Pygmy Killer Whales eat various types of fishes and squids. Their pod size ranges from 1 to 30 individuals, but it can also be as large as 100. Some Pygmy Killer Whales have been kept in captivity in the past, but most of them died within days.
Peale's Dolphins are typically found in the southern coastal waters of South America. They eat octopi, squids, crustaceans, and fishes. Peale's Dolphins have lengths of 6.88-7.21 feet and a maximum weight of 253 pounds.
They commonly move in pods of up to 20 dolphins, although this could be higher. While their migration patterns are not known, it is thought that they follow the movements of their prey.
Australian Snubfin Dolphins inhabit northern and eastern Australian coasts up to the Papua coast in New Guinea. They grow 7.21-8.85 feet long and weigh 286 pounds.
Australian Snubfin Dolphins feed on cephalopods, small fishes, and shrimps. They swim and hunt in pods of 5-14 dolphins. Australia Snubfin Dolphins are migratory.
Heaviside's Dolphins were discovered by Captain Haviside around the South African coast. But he was misidentified. The discoverer was thought to be a Captain John Heaviside instead. Hence, the name Heaviside's Dolphin. Even with the error, some still refer to them as Haviside's Dolphins.
This species is found in the cold temperate seas of western South Africa, southern Angola, and Namibia. They are non-fussy eaters, which feed on various prey, including octopi, gobies, squids, and horse mackerels.
Heaviside's Dolphins commonly move in pods of 2-3 individuals. However, they do not migrate. Heaviside's grow as long as 5.7 feet, weighing up to 165 pounds.
Clymene Dolphins inhabit subtropical and tropical regions of the Atlantic Ocean. They may also be found in New Jersey, Mauritania, and southern Brazil. They have a length range of 6.23-6.56 feet and weights of up to 176 pounds.
Clymene Dolphins feed on small fishes and cephalopods. They move in pods of up to 50, and sometimes, you may find them with Spinner dolphins and Common dolphins.
This species migrates based on the pattern of their prey's migration.
One unique feature of the Northern Right Whale Dolphins is the absence of a dorsal fin. This species of dolphins are commonly found in temperate offshore waters of the North Pacific Ocean.
The adult males grow as long as 10.17 feet, while the females reach lengths of 7.54-8.53 feet. Adult Northern Right Whale Dolphins weigh between 132 and 200 pounds.
They move in groups of 100-200 and eat marine animals like hakes, squids, lanternfishes, and various other midwater and surface water fishes.
Northern Right Whale Dolphins migrate within their habitat based on temperature changes.
Like their Northern counterparts, Southern Right Whale Dolphins do not have dorsal fins. They are found in a circumpolar range in the temperate southern hemisphere waters towards the north of the Antarctic convergence.
Adult Southern Right Whale Dolphins grow as long as 5.9-9.51 feet, and they weigh 132-255 pounds. They eat various types of fishes and squids and move in pods of less than 100. Occasionally, you may find pods of up to 1000.
Members of this species do not usually thrive in captivity.
Adult Atlantic Humpback Dolphins weigh up to 573 pounds. and grow as long as 8.53 feet. They live in shallow coastal waters around the West African coast and have been found in all West African countries.
Atlantic Humpback Dolphins swim in pods of up to 25 individuals although pods of 5-7 dolphins are more common. Their diet is not well-studied, but they are known to feed on fishes.
As suggested by their names, the Australian Humpback Dolphins inhabit estuaries and coastal waters on the northern Australian coast. They can grow as long as 8.53-9.18 feet while weighing 617 pounds.
Members of this species are opportunistic feeders, and they eat various types of fishes. Australian Humpbacks commonly move in pods of 1-3 dolphins.
The third in our list of humpback dolphins are the Indian Ocean Humpback. As you would expect, these dolphins inhabit the Indian Ocean, particularly the nearshore waters. The adults grow as long as 5.9-8.53 feet and weigh a maximum of 617 pounds.
Indian Ocean Humpback Dolphins move in large pods. They are opportunistic feeders that eat fishes like sardines, mullets, and mackerels.
Unlike Oceanic Dolphins, River Dolphins live in estuaries and freshwater rivers. This group consists of 4 families, including Baiji, Amazon River Dolphin, La Plata Dolphins, and South-Asian River Dolphins.
Baiji, Amazon River Dolphin, and South-Asian River Dolphins live in freshwater rivers, while La Plata Dolphins live in estuaries.
As the name indicates, the Amazon River Dolphin is located in the river systems of the Amazon. They may also be found in flooded South American rainforests and Orinoco river systems.
Amazon River dolphins can weigh as much as 456 pounds with the males growing as long as 9.18 feet. Female Amazon River dolphins typically grow as long as 7.54 feet, while the calves are usually around 2.62 feet long.
Amazon River dolphins have a pod size of 3-4 individuals. But sometimes they move alone, while in other cases, they move in mother-calf pairs.
Amazon River dolphins commonly eat crabs, shrimps, turtles, and over 40 fish species. Interestingly, they are the only dolphins with molar teeth comparable to what humans have.
Botos are migratory, and their migration pattern is mainly influenced by water levels. Although in some cases, gender and age also play a part in their migration preferences.
Currently, there are only 3 of this species in captivity: one each in Germany, Peru, and Venezuela.
The Araguaian River Dolphin is classified as an Amazon River Dolphin. But recently, a study discovered that there might be a few differences between the two species.
The said study is debated, and so far, the Society for Marine Mammalogy has not recognized the Araguaian River Dolphin as a separate species.
Baijis have most likely gone into extinction. They were commonly found around water bodies in China, including the Yangtze River, Qiantang River, Dongting Lake, and Poyang Lake.
Baijis weighed 300-507 pounds and the females averaged about 8.2 feet in length, while the males averaged 7.54 feet. The longest Baiji was recorded to have been as long as 8.85 feet.
Baijis fed on various types of small fishes. They have a small pod size; they move in pairs or in groups of 3-4 dolphins. Records show that a pod size of 16 dolphins has been recorded.
South-Asian River Dolphins are divided into 2 subspecies: Ganges River Dolphin and Indus River Dolphin.
The Indus River Dolphin is found in the Indus River. On the other hand, the Ganges River Dolphin is found around the Ganges water system.
Ganges River Dolphins typically measure 6.56-7.21 feet with a weight range of 112-196 pounds. The Indus have bigger females that measure 7.87-8.53 feet, while the males measure 6.56-7.21 feet. Indus River Dolphins weigh 155-245 pounds.
South Asian River Dolphins are loners, but they sometimes move in groups. The groups could be 2-3 individuals or up to ten members in the case of a Ganges River Dolphin.
South Asian River Dolphins are carnivores. They eat various types of fishes, carps, prawns, shrimp, turtles, and gobio. In some cases, Gangers River Dolphin might even eat birds.
South Asian River Dolphins are migratory.
Female La Plata Dolphins are usually longer than their male counterparts. They measure 8.9 feet, while the males 5.24 feet. On average, they weigh around 110 pounds.
La Plata Dolphin is unevenly distributed across the eastern South American region of the Atlantic Oceans. They eat crustaceans, cephalopods, and fishes. La Plata Dolphins move in groups of 2-15. But their pod size can be as large as 20-40.
La Plata Dolphins are migratory.
Porpoises are dolphin look-alikes. Although they have blunt heads, blunt teeth, small or no beaks, and are smaller than dolphins.
While they have some physical differences, dolphins and porpoises have similar mental prowess, and they are both mammals.
There are currently seven species of porpoises in the world, and none of them measures longer than 8.2 feet. We discuss them below.
Harbor porpoises inhabit temperate waters of the North Pacific and North Atlantic. They also live in coastal sub-Arctic waters and the northwest African coast.
The males grow to be as long as 5.9 feet weighing 134 pounds, while the females grow as long as 6.23 feet weighing 167 pounds. The calves have an average length of 2.29 feet.
Harbor porpoises eat small fishes such as sand eels, herring, and sprat. They also eat cephalopods such as octopi and squids.
Like most other porpoise species, harbor porpoises mature quickly. They start breeding even before they reach three years of age.
Harbor porpoises commonly move on their own, but sometimes they move in small groups. More commonly, you'll find mothers and babies together.
Evidence of north-south migrations has been found amongst harbor porpoises. Over time, more than 150 have been kept in captivity, and some were even born in captivity.
Indo-Pacific Finless Porpoises are found in waters that run through the southern East China Sea, the Indian Ocean, and the Persian Gulf.
Adults Indo-Pacific Finless Porpoises grow as long as 6.56 feet and weigh 121 pounds, while the calves grow as long as 2.46 feet. They are shy, and they move alone or in small groups.
Indo-Pacific Finless Porpoises feed on bottom dwellers: bottom-dwelling fishes, shrimps, octopi, crabs, and squids.
Females of this species are larger than the males, weighing 132 pounds against the maximum male weight of 121 pounds. Both male and female adults can grow as long as 6.56 feet, while the calves can reach a length of 2.46 feet.
Narrow-Ridged Finless Porpoises can be found in the Yangtze River and associated estuaries and lakes. For this reason, they are sometimes called Yangtze Finless Porpoise. They can also be found in the Taiwan Strait through the Yellow Sea, through Southern Japan.
Narrow-Ridged Finless Porpoises have a diet similar to that of the Indo-Pacific Finless Porpoises. They feed on shrimps, crabs, squids, octopi, cuttlefishes, and bottom-dwelling fishes. They move alone or in groups containing up to 50 individuals.
Some members of this species have been kept in captivity. However, in our search, we could not ascertain specific details.
Amidst the cetaceans, Vaquitas are the most endangered. There are just 10 of them left in the world.
Vaquitas inhabit a small portion of the Sea of Cortez in the upper Gulf of California. They grow to be about 110 pounds with the females having a length of 4.92 feet while the males grow as long as 4.75 feet. The calves grow to be as long as 2.62 feet.
Vaquitas eat fishes, crabs, lobsters, squids, and other typical food porpoises eat. There are currently no Vaquita in captivity.
Spectacled Porpoises are quite large; they weigh around 253 pounds, with the females having a maximum length of 6.72 feet and the males 7.38 feet. The calves grow as long as 3.28 feet.
Spectacled Porpoises inhabit the south-eastern coast of South America. But they've also been seen in cold sub-Arctic waters and oceanic waters around the Tasmanian coast and offshore islands.
This species is not as known as other species. They are fast swimmers, shy, and not very acrobatic. Spectacled Porpoises move in groups of 1-5 individuals, and they have been noted to eat shrimps and anchovies.
Only one spectacled porpoise has been kept in captivity, and it died a few days after. Before it was captured, the said spectacled porpoise was stranded.
Dall's Porpoises are the largest, and they are considerably fast too, reaching speeds up to 35 mph. They inhabit the North Pacific Ocean and associated waters, including the central Bering Sea and seas from southern Japan and southern California.
Adult Dall's Porpoises weigh up to 440 pounds, with the males growing as long as 7.87 feet and the females 7.21 feet. The calves span up to 3.28 feet.
Dall's Porpoises commonly move in groups of up to 12 individuals. But sometimes, the groups could have hundreds of individuals. They are opportunistic eaters that feed on squids, shrimps, octopi, crabs, and a wide range of fishes living close to the water's surface.
While some Dall's Porpoises have been kept in captivity in the past, they barely thrived. Most of them die within a few days, while only 2 lived longer than 60 days.
Burmeister's Porpoises are quite stealthy, so not much is known about them. They have been found around the Pacific coast of northern Peru and around the Atlantic coast of southern Brazil. But there is no certainty about their range since they are elusive.
Female Burmeister's grow as long as 5.9 feet and weigh 187 pounds. The males hit a maximum length of 6.56 feet, while the calves can hit 2.62 feet max.
Burmeister's Porpoises move alone, in pairs, or in groups of up to ten individuals. With their elusiveness, not much is known about their diet, but they are thought to consume smaller fishes, shrimps, and squids.
Like the spectacled porpoise, only a single Burmeister's porpoise has been kept in captivity. It was captured after being stranded, and it died a few days after.
The following dolphin species existed at one point, but they are now extinct:
Orcinus Paleorca
Stenella Rayi
Australodelphis Mirus
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/facts-about-dolphins/
https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna35013555
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/river-dolphins/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/porpoises/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/amazon-river-dolphin/
http://animaldiversity.org/site/accounts/information/Inia_geoffrensis.html
https://web.archive.org/web/20150402113858/http://www.iucn-csg.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Brauliketal2005.pdf
http://www.animalinfo.org/species/cetacean/lipovexi.htm
https://www.dolphins-world.com/chinese-river-dolphin/
https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/indus-river-dolphin
https://www.dolphins-world.com/ganges-river-dolphin/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/indus-river-dolphin/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4235892
https://www.dolphins-world.com/la-plata-river-dolphin/
http://www.sci-news.com/biology/science-inia-araguaiaensis-river-dolphin-brazil-01714.html
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/harbour-porpoise/
https://portals.iucn.org/library/sites/library/files/documents/RD-1991-001.pdf
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/narrow-ridged-finless-porpoise/
http://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/indo-pacific-finless-porpoise/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/vaquita/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/spectacled-porpoise/
https://porpoise.org/about-porpoises/spectacled-porpoise/
https://dolphinproject.com/blog/wayback-machine-dalls-porpoises-in-captivity/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/dalls-porpoise/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/burmeisters-porpoise/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/killer-whale/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/orca-killer-whale/
https://www.acsonline.org/orca–killer-whale-
https://www.dolphins-world.com/striped-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/striped-dolphin/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/bottlenose-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/common-bottlenose-dolphin/
https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/spinner-dolphin
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/spinner-dolphin/
https://www.acsonline.org/spinner-dolphin?
https://www.dolphins-world.com/hectors-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/hectors-dolphin/
https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Cephalorhynchus_hectori/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/irrawaddy-dolphin/
http://www.crdt.org.kh/irrawaddy-dolphin-conservation/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/short-beaked-common-dolphin/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/short-beaked-common-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/long-beaked-common-dolphin/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/long-beaked-common-dolphin-delphinus-capensis/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/rissos-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/dusky-dolphin/
https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/white-beaked-dolphin
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/white-beaked-dolphin/
http://kids.nceas.ucsb.edu/mmp/pacwhitsidedolphin.html
https://savethewhales.org/indo-pacific-humpback-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/indo-pacific-humpback-dolphin/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/chinese-white-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/indo-pacific-bottlenose-dolphin/
http://animalia.bio/pantropical-spotted-dolphin
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/pantropical-spotted-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/false-killer-whale/
https://www.dolphinproject.com/blog/captive-commersons-dolphins-in-north-america/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/commersons-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/long-finned-pilot-whale/
https://whaleopedia.org/oceanic-dolphins/tucuxi-dolphin
https://www.dolphins-world.com/tucuxi-sotalia-fluviatilis/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/tucuxi/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/short-finned-pilot-whale/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/chilean-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/frasers-dolphin/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/guiana-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/guiana-dolphin/
https://oceanwide-expeditions.com/blog/meet-the-hourglass-dolphin
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/hourglass-dolphin/
https://www.azoreswhalewatch.com/sightings/cetaceans/atlantic-spotted-dolphin-fun-facts
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/atlantic-spotted-dolphin/
https://marinebio.org/species/atlantic-white-sided-dolphins/lagenorhynchus-acutus/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/atlantic-white-sided-dolphin/
https://www.dolphinproject.com/blog/taiji-seasons-first-hunt-of-melon-headed-whales/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/melon-headed-whale/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/pygmy-killer-whale/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/pygmy-killer-whale/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/peales-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/peales-dolphin/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/australian-snubfin-dolphin-orcaella-heinsohni/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/australian-snubfin-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/heavisides-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/clymene-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/atlantic-humpback-dolphin/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/atlantic-humpback-dolphin-sousa-teuszii/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/australian-humpback-dolphin/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/indian-ocean-humpback-dolphin/
https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/northern-right-whale-dolphin
https://www.dolphins-world.com/northern-right-whale-dolphin-lissodelphis-borealis/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/northern-right-whale-dolphin/
https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Lissodelphis_peronii/
https://www.dolphins-world.com/southern-right-whale-dolphin-lissodelphis-peronii/
https://us.whales.org/whales-dolphins/species-guide/southern-right-whale-dolphin/
April is an avid animal enthusiast with a love for the outdoors. She has a bachelor's degree in Agriculture and masters degree work in large animal reproduction. Currently, she lives in Southern California where she enjoys all things outdoors.
link to 17 of the Cutest Small Monkey Breeds
17 of the Cutest Small Monkey Breeds
There are nearly 200 species of animals that answer to the name monkey. Each one has phenotypic and genotypic differences that divide them into into breeds and species. Monkeys come in all...
link to Types of Foxes - Smallest to Largest
Types of Foxes - Smallest to Largest
Foxes are mammals that vary in size from small to medium. They are most commonly found in forested areas, although some of them can also be seen in deserts, grasslands, and mountains. Foxes...
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text:
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Home » Leadership
Funding Programme to boost Leadership Skills of African Women
Deadline: 31 August 2019 Pathways Africa is seeking applications for Women Conservationists Leadership training inviting women conservation leaders to enhance their leadership skills. The Pride Lion Alliance and The Department of Human Dimensions of Natural Resources at Colorado State University will offer a 3-day training workshop at the Brackenhurst Conference and Training Center in Limuru, Kenya to a cohort of women conservationists aimed at helping them develop their leadership … [Read more...] about Funding Programme to boost Leadership Skills of African Women
Funding Call for UNWOMEN Bangladesh to promote Livelihoods, Leadership & Learning to Womens
Deadline: 11 August 2019 UNWOMEN Bangladesh is inviting applications for its "Means to lead: Empowering Rohingya refugee and host community women through leadership, learning and livelihoods" programme to boost women's leadership. The project draws on the key elements of UN Women's global flagship programme on women's Leadership, Empowerment, Access & Protection in Crisis Response (LEAP) initiative, the project enhances access of women to learning opportunities, livelihoods and income … [Read more...] about Funding Call for UNWOMEN Bangladesh to promote Livelihoods, Leadership & Learning to Womens
Eisenhower Fellowships Youth Leadership Network inviting Young leaders to make the World a Better Place
Deadline: 20 September 2019 Application has been opened for Eisenhower Fellowships youth Leadership Network inviting young leaders for serving and leading communities and peers forward to make the world a better place. It Initially aims at empowerin g and connecting innovative leaders through a transformative fellowship experience and lifelong engagement in a global network of dynamic change agents committed to creating a world more peaceful, prosperous and just. Eisenhower Fellows are … [Read more...] about Eisenhower Fellowships Youth Leadership Network inviting Young leaders to make the World a Better Place
Funding Call for 'The Atlantic Dialogues Emerging Leaders Program' 2019 for Young Leaders
Deadline: 15 September 2019 The Policy Center for the New South has currently announced the application for The Atlantic Dialogues Emerging Leaders Program for young leaders to engage them in policy making and shaping narrative from the Atlantic basin and Africa. The ADEL program is PCNS's flagship youth program, held two days prior to the Atlantic Dialogues conference. Every year, this program brings together 40 to 50 young leaders from around the Atlantic basin and Africa. these rising … [Read more...] about Funding Call for 'The Atlantic Dialogues Emerging Leaders Program' 2019 for Young Leaders
U.S. Department of State: Supporting Her Empowerment – Girls' Resilience, Enterprise, and Technology (SHE's GREAT) Initiative
Deadline: 15 June 2018 The Secretary's Office of Global Women's Issues (S/GWI) has announced "Supporting Her Empowerment – Girls' Resilience, Enterprise, and Technology (SHE's GREAT) Initiative" to advance U.S. national security and prosperity by promoting young women and girls' (ages 0-24) opportunities and leadership. The aim of this initiative is to ensure that young women and girls are economically and socially empowered, free from violence and discrimination, and have access to … [Read more...] about U.S. Department of State: Supporting Her Empowerment – Girls' Resilience, Enterprise, and Technology (SHE's GREAT) Initiative
U.S. Mission to Afghanistan: Apply for South Asia Higher Education Symposium
Deadline: 12 June 2018 The Public Affairs Section (PAS) of the U.S. Embassy in Kabul, Afghanistan has announced an open competition for an assistance award through this NOFO for a cooperative agreement to organize and implement a regional higher education symposium. The symposium will be conducted in English. The four-day symposium will enhance Afghan education officials' skills in monitoring and evaluation, accreditation, and curriculum development and improve Afghan universities' … [Read more...] about U.S. Mission to Afghanistan: Apply for South Asia Higher Education Symposium
NSF announces 2,000 Fellowship Awards for its Graduate Research Fellowship Program
The National Science Foundation's (NSF) has announced the offer of 2,000 fellowship awards, following a national competition for its Graduate Research Fellowship Program (GRFP). The program recruits high-potential, early-career scientists and engineers and supports their graduate research training in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields. According to NSF acting assistant director for Education and Human Resources, Jim Lewis, "To support U.S. leadership and innovation … [Read more...] about NSF announces 2,000 Fellowship Awards for its Graduate Research Fellowship Program
DST India: Seeking Applications for its 3rd BRICS Young Scientist Conclave
Deadline: 30 April 2018 Department of Science and Technology, India is seeking applications for its 3rd BRICS Young Scientist Conclave which will provide a high-level platform of academic and policy exchange for talented young scientists. The conclave is scheduled to take place in Durban, South Africa during 25-29 June 2018. The Conclave will also provide scientific personnel from BRICS countries to help them grow their skills, broaden their horizon and improve academic and policy … [Read more...] about DST India: Seeking Applications for its 3rd BRICS Young Scientist Conclave
Applications Open for the Leadership Essay Competition 2018!
Deadline: 18 May 2018 Applications are now open for the Leadership Essay Competition 2018 which aims to provide a space for the youth of Africa and the next generation of leaders in the region to contribute to important discussions on leadership. The competition is open to all African citizens to write about their perspectives on leadership as it relates to financing development and transformation in Africa. The essays should respond to the following question: "If you were an African … [Read more...] about Applications Open for the Leadership Essay Competition 2018!
EQUALS in Tech Awards now accepting Nominations to Empower Women and Girls across the Globe
The EQUALS Global Partnership has announced that it is now accepting nominations for the prestigious 2018 EQUALS in Tech Awards. Exceptional initiatives that are using the power of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to empower women and girls across the globe are invited to submit nominations. This year's EQUALS in Tech Awards will be presented in four categories: Access, Skills, Leadership, Research The awards are organized annually by the EQUALS Global Partnership, a … [Read more...] about EQUALS in Tech Awards now accepting Nominations to Empower Women and Girls across the Globe
Applications Open for Investing in Women Funding Program 2018!
Deadline: 22 April 2018 The NSW Government has announced the Investing in Women Funding Program for 2018 which will grow the talent pool available for the workforce, encourage more diversity and flexibility for women and men in the workplace, and result in increased innovation, productivity and prosperity. The Investing in Women funding program funds NSW organisations to develop and implement projects that support: The economic opportunity and advancement Participation and … [Read more...] about Applications Open for Investing in Women Funding Program 2018!
Applications Open for Battle of Minds Competition!
Deadline: 15 March 2018 Applications are now open for the Battle of Minds(BAT) competition which will challenge to put together a team, form an original business plan and compete with students across the globe. It's a huge opportunity to show why you're the future of business, testing your desire to collaborate and determination to win. Research your market, develop a product idea and convince of its success, and your prize will be a prestigious three to six-month internship at BAT. All … [Read more...] about Applications Open for Battle of Minds Competition!
U.S. Mission to Austria: Generation Next Youth Leadership Initiative
Deadline: 15 August 2016 The Public Affairs Section of the U.S. Embassy in Vienna is inviting proposals to design and implement a two-to-three week program entitled "Generation Next Youth Leadership Initiative" that will provide at least 10 Austrian university students the opportunity to examine the dynamic processes of integration while learning the principles of civic education, leadership, respect for diversity, and community engagement through leadership development program in the United … [Read more...] about U.S. Mission to Austria: Generation Next Youth Leadership Initiative
Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs: Seeking Applications for IVLP Collaborative Services Award
Deadline: 11 July 2016 The Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, Professional and Cultural Exchanges, Office of International Visitors (ECA/PE/V) at the United States Department of State (DOS) announces an open competition for the FY 2017 International Visitor Leadership Program (IVLP) Collaborative Services. The IVLP is the U.S. Department of State's premier professional exchange program and seeks to build mutual understanding between the United States and other nations through … [Read more...] about Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs: Seeking Applications for IVLP Collaborative Services Award
Leadership Succession Plan for your NGO
A "Leadership Succession Plan" may sound irrelevant for many NGOs in developing countries because these organizations do not visualize their future beyond projects. But now as time moves ahead and first generation leaders have to hand over responsibilities to the second generation for continuing the services of the organization, it is important to have a "Leadership Succession Plan." While it is true that succession will happen one day, is a plan essential? Yes, because if an organization … [Read more...] about Leadership Succession Plan for your NGO
What are the types of Scams NGOs should be aware of?
How NGOs can identify Genuine Grant Opportunities and Donor Organizations and avoid Scams?
Why is financial management important for NGOs
How NGOs can develop a quick Proposal Concept Note to apply for Grants to address the COVID-19 impact?
How to get started with Twitter?
How can small NGOs manage their fundraising?
How to build long-term relationship with donors?
How can NGOs participate in Crowdfunding?
What is Core Funding and How to Get it?
How to Create a Communications Plan for Your NGO?
How NGOs can form a strategic plan?
What is a Concept Note and why NGOs are required to develop it?
What are the methods NGOs can adopt to become transparent and accountable?
What is an NGO?
How will you ensure financial sustainability?
How to develop the Vision and Mission for my NGO?
How to start an NGO?
Which Foreign Embassies should approach to apply for grants?
What are the core values one should follow when establishing an NGO?
How to write the Articles of Incorporation for my NGO?
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How do I use curl in a cron job? I need to set up a cron job in cpanel that calls a URL (on the same server) once a week. I was going to use wget but it turns out this is disabled on the shared server being used.
Is there an alternative to wget? I've heard that curl can be used but I don't know how to set that up in a cron command.
Also, what's the command to make the cronjob do nothing on completion?
Any ideas greatly appreciated!

A: instead of using wget, curl works like this:
curl --silent http://domain.com/cron.php

which will work in the same way as wget. if its a php file you are launching, is there any reason you cant run it via the command line php interpreter like so:
php -q /path/to/cron.php

same on a webserver request and often will work much faster and without certain timeout restrictions present when called via webserver/curl

A: If curl is available you could try something like
1 1 * * 0  /usr/bin/curl --silent http://example.come/some.php &>/dev/null

That should cause curl to be completely silent so you don't get any email from it on completion.

A: I'd suggest to add "-m" parameter in addition to --silent as this parameter sets the maximum time allowed for the transfer. Imagine you call the cron every minute and the script takes 2mins - this can have bad impact on the server load or other things.
1 1 * * 0  /usr/bin/curl -m 120 -s http://example.come/some.php &>/dev/null

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: Why does my code result in a zip that can't be extracted? Edit: I have edited the Java code so that it can generate the zip file, but when it is downloaded through the UI, it does not seem to work, and the errors mentioned below are present.
I recently made a code that should make a list of files into a zip file and download it in the browser after sending an AJAX request but after days of trying, the result is still a zip file that either has:
An attempt was made to move the file pointer before the beginning of the file
or
Can not open the file as [zip] archive. Is not archive.
I hope someone can tell me where I got it wrong?
Here is the ajax for the code:
$.ajax({
                    type: "POST",
                    url: url,
                    contentType: "application/xml",
                    data: xmlString,
                    async: false,
                    success: function(response, status, jqXHR) {
                                var filename = "";
                                var disposition = jqXHR.getResponseHeader("content-disposition");
                                if (disposition && disposition.indexOf("attachment") !== -1) {
                                    var filenameRegex = /filename[^;=\n]*=((['"]).*?\2|[^;\n]*)/;
                                    var matches = filenameRegex.exec(disposition);
                                    if (matches != null && matches[1]) {
                                        filename = matches[1].replace(/['"]/g, "");
                                    }
                                }
                                var blob = new Blob([response], {type: "application/octet-stream"});
                                var link = document.createElement("a");
                                link.href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob);
                                link.setAttribute("download", filename);
                                document.body.appendChild(link);
                                link.click();
                                link.remove();
                            },
                    error: function(error) {
                    console.log(error);
                    }
});

And here is the java code that will handle the request:
File path = new File(fullPath);
if(path.exists() && !path.isDirectory()) { path.delete(); }
      File[] files = path.listFiles((dir, name) -> filesToDownload.contains(name));
if (files.length == 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("No files in path " + path.getAbsolutePath());
                }
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(fullPath+"download.zip");
ZipOutputStream zipOut = new ZipOutputStream(fos);
for (File zipThis : files) {
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(zipThis);
ZipEntry zipEntry = new ZipEntry(zipThis.getName());
zipOut.putNextEntry(zipEntry);
byte[] bytes = new byte[2048];
int length;
while((length = fis.read(bytes)) >= 0) {
zipOut.write(bytes, 0, length);
}
fis.close();
}
zipOut.close();
fos.close();
fileBytes = Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(fullPath+"download.zip"));
headers.setContentType(MediaType.parseMediaType("application/zip"));
headers.setContentDispositionFormData("attachment", "download.zip");
headers.setContentLength(fileBytes.length);
return new ResponseEntity<>(fileBytes, headers, HttpStatus.OK);

Here's me hoping someone can tell me what I've done wrong

A: Content-Length
According to http specs (https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2616#section-14.13)

Applications SHOULD use this field to indicate the transfer-length of
the message-body, unless this is prohibited by the rules in section
4.4.

So you should try
headers.setContentLength(baos.size()); // or .length() idk
return new ResponseEntity<>(baos.toByteArray(), headers, HttpStatus.OK);

Mime-Type application/zip
You should use application/zip as Content-Type
 headers.setContentType("application/zip");


Version 1.3 has been patched with ship cost limitations implemented. This means, players will need to capture, hold, and build up planets to access some of the larger ships such as the cruiser and dreadnaught.
- All structures now have increased hull points, making them harder to destroy by bombing.
- All faction defense bases have been refitted with more missiles and beam weapons for point defense.
- The ICC dreadnaught now has railguns.
Palestar Signs International Representation Deal with Psychosys Inc.
Sherman Oaks, CA-February 18, 2002 - Psychosys Inc., working with independent game studio Palestar, is seeking international strategic partners for licensing the Massively Multiplayer Online Game DarkSpace (www.darkspace.net) for the PC, which has already been launched in association with Playnet in North America.
About Palestar: Austin-based Palestar was founded back in 1999 by a small group of dedicated and talented industry professionals whose primary goal is to create fun and exciting games that are played online over the Internet. Palestar owns all rights, title and interests to its proprietary 3D engine called 'Medusa' (and its Resourcer) and to the product DarkSpace.
About Psychosys: Psychosys Inc. is a boutique firm based in Los Angeles, specializing in interactive entertainment consulting since 1999.
Respawn UK has posted a great article about DarkSpace and its community. Click here to read the article.
17 new screenshots have been added to www.darkspace.net.
We have put up another major update to version 1.3, which fixes many problems.
- Clients can now have an option to reconnect when disconnected from a game server.
- The K'Luth Cloaking now works differently to better balance combat between the K'Luth and other factions.
- Fighters have been optimized and the AI has been completely rewritten. The fighters now use much less CPU and cause virtually no in-game lag. Fighters have also been reconfigured to carry cannons instead of missiles.
- Cannons now fire multiple shots per use, making them a highly effective weapon at medium to long range.
- The damage mangement system has been reworked to better handle the distribution of damage information to the clients. This was a major source of lag caused in major battles, which should mean a decrease in lag for everyone.
Stratics is hosting a DarkSpace chat on their IRC network at Febuary 22nd at 5:00pm CST. Visit chat.stratics.com for more information on the chat. Additionally, Stratics is holding a contest and giving away several blocks of free time in DarkSpace.
FluxGames put online a interview with Richard Lyle of Palestar in their news section. You can read the interview by clicking here.
DarkSpace was featured on todays 'Extended Play' on the cable network channel TechTV. You can view the segment with DarkSpace online at their website by clicking here then selecting the link under 'Video Highlight' to watch the segment with your media player.
Thanks to Brett Todd for an honest and outstanding review of DarkSpace.


text:
Q: How to make responsive popup div? Basically my website is Responsive but below is the code for my popup div div is working good on desktop but on mobile portrait it just goes out of the screen, I need to make this div responsive also. additionally i want this div to appear on screen with fadein or other animation which is i dont know how to use now. plz help
HTML is here:

HTML Tutorials

                More HTML Tutorials

HTML

You are currently viewing HTML Box.

Click here to close popup box one.

CSS Here:
#popupBoxOnePosition, #popupBoxHTML{
 margin:10px 0 0 0;
 top: 0;
 left: 0;
 position: fixed;
 width: 100%;
 height: 100%;
 background:#333;
 display: none;
 opacity:.95;
 z-index:100;
 widows:50%;

 }

 .popupBoxWrapper{
 width: 550px;
 margin:
 50px auto;
 text-align: left;

 }
 .popupBoxContent{
   background-color:
  #000;
 padding:
  15px;
 opacity:1;
 border-radius:15px;
 -o-box-shadow:0 0 50px ##219ab3;
 -moz-box-shadow:0 0 50px ##219ab3;
 -webkit-box-shadow:0 0 50px ##219ab3;
 -ms-box-shadow:0 0 50px ##219ab3;
 transition:ease-in;
 transition-delay:1s;
 -webkit-transition:ease-in;
}

javascript here:
    function toggle_visibility(id) {
               var e = document.getElementById(id);
               if(e.style.display == 'block')
                  e.style.display = 'none';
               else
                  e.style.display = 'block';

            }

A: You'll need to add media query to make it responsive.
@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {
 .popupBoxWrapper{
     width:100%;
  }
}

When screen-width goes below 600px, this css will make the width of popup 100% instead of fixed 550px. So this will make the div fit to the screen.

A: No need css media query.
Simply change your css to following.
Update width:550px to max-width:550px and add width:95%;
Remaining 5% width give you look and feel as popup when screen less than 550px.
 .popupBoxWrapper{
     max-width: 550px;
     width: 95%;
     margin:
     50px auto;
     text-align: left;
 }

A: Bootstrap Modals
or
Remodal

Flat, responsive, lightweight, easy customizable modal window plugin
  with declarative state notation and hash tracking.


Toowoomba band Mercury Sun are touring throughout June and July to celebrate the release of their second EP 'Generation Why?'. The indie rock quartet are excited to bring their sound back to the Gold Coast on June 16 at the Currumbin Pub.
They will be supported by local favourites Dogtags, The Wayward Suns and Dreams of Indigo. After spending much of 2016 in the studio writing and recording songs for their upcoming release the boys are eager to test their new tunes on fresh ears. The tour will be the first with their new look line-up featuring Harry Schneider on drums. 'Generation Why?' will be available on June 9 through iTunes, Spotify and CD.
Formed in late 2012 Mercury Sun's sound has evolved out of the diversity of musical influences that exist within the band. Elements of blues and roots, punk, indie pop and classic rock can all be heard through the band's music.
Mercury Sun's live show has been the cornerstone of their short but productive career which has seen them play alongside some of the country's best acts including Wolfmother, British India, The Grates, Trouble With Templeton and Closure in Moscow.
Next Someone Call The Zoo: The WLVS Have Been Let Loose!


text:
Q: How to add list values and quantity to a dictionary I'm trying to write a for loop that will take a list and add its values to a dictionary. For example let's say a list contains the values: [Book, Coin, Book, Book, Computer, Bag]. the for loop will take those values and add it to a dictionary with its keys being the name of the items added and the corresponding values being the quantity of the items. Here is the code i have so far:
import pprint

def addToInventory(inventory, addedItems):
    for i in addedItems:
        inventory += addedItems.count(i)

def displayInventory(inventory):
    print("Inventory:")
    item_total = 0
    for k, v in inventory.items():
        pprint.pprint(str(v) + ' ' + k)
        item_total += v
    print("Total number of items: " + str(item_total))

stuff = {}
dragonLoot = ['gold coin', 'dagger', 'gold coin', 'gold coin', 'ruby']

# while True:
#     item = raw_input('Please enter item name')
#     if item == '':
#         break
#     quantity = input('and the number of this item?')
#     stuff.setdefault(item, quantity)
#     print stuff

stuff = {'rope': 1, 'torch': 6, 'gold coin': 42, 'dagger': 1, 'arrow': 12}

addToInventory(stuff, dragonLoot)
displayInventory(stuff)

A: Use collections.Counter:
from collections import Counter

def add_to_inventory(inventory, items):
    inventory.update(items)

def display_inventory(inventory):
    print("Inventory:")
    print('\n'.join('{} {}'.format(v, k) for k, v in inventory.items()))
    print("Total number of items: {}".format(sum(inventory.values())))

stuff = Counter({'rope': 1, 'torch': 6, 'gold coin': 42, 'dagger': 1, 'arrow': 12})

dragon_loot = ['gold coin', 'dagger', 'gold coin', 'gold coin', 'ruby']

display_inventory(stuff)
add_to_inventory(stuff, dragon_loot)
display_inventory(stuff)

OUTPUT

Inventory:
1 rope
42 gold coin
6 torch
1 dagger
12 arrow
Total number of items: 62
Inventory:
45 gold coin
2 dagger
6 torch
1 rope
12 arrow
1 ruby
Total number of items: 67

A: I think this is what you are looking for. The key is to only iterate through the unique items in the new list and add to the existing dictionary or update the item if it doesn't exist.
alist = ["Book", "Coin", "Book", "Book", "Computer", "Bag"]
inventory = {"Book":3, "Bag":2}
for item in list(set(alist)): #get the unique items by converting them to a set
    if item in result:
        inventory[item] += alist.count(item)
    else:
        inventory[item] = alist.count(item)

#inventory would now become {"Book":6, "Coin":1", "Bag":3", "Computer":1}

Also, using Stefan's approach.
If inventory is a counter, you could just do
inventory.update(alist)

A: you can use collection.Counter:
>>> alist = ["Book", "Coin", "Book", "Book", "Computer", "Bag"]
>>> inventory = {"Book":3, "Bag":2}
>>> dict(collections.Counter(inventory) + collections.Counter(alist))
{'Bag': 3, 'Book': 6, 'Coin': 1, 'Computer': 1}


text:
Dohrniphora sarmientoi är en tvåvingeart som beskrevs av Brown och Giar-Ann Kung 2007. Dohrniphora sarmientoi ingår i släktet Dohrniphora och familjen puckelflugor.

Artens utbredningsområde är Colombia. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Puckelflugor
sarmientoi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Rick Brown: Hawkeyes find cracking top echelon is tough
IOWA CITY, Ia. – Iowa's return to basketball relevancy has been a blessing. And a curse.
It's been a significant climb, from dormancy to the top 25, in four seasons under coach Fran McCaffery. But Saturday's last-minute loss to Wisconsin drove home this point: the line between relevance and reality is a tough one to cross.
The Hawkeyes have their toes on that line, but can't seem to get over it. Even with a sellout crowd exorting them on, a vocal hand to the back.
An assortment of national media types have been in love with Iowa all season. A few — Jay Bilas, Fran Fraschilla and Seth Greenberg, to name names — have even used Hawkeyes and Final Four in the same sentence. The curse is the expectations this hype brings with it.
Living up to those expectations can be harsh. That was the lesson learned in Saturday's loss. The same lesson that home losses to Michigan State and Ohio State put on the table earlier in the season.
No matter what people are saying about you, you've still got to do it on the floor. And this Iowa team — and program — still has work to do before it joins the Big Ten's elite.
There was a tantalizing win at No. 3 Ohio State on Jan. 12 that seemed to send a message that Iowa was ready to crash the party. Home losses to Michigan State, ranked sixth but playing without Adreian Payne, and Ohio State threw the party favors out the window.
A home blowout of No. 10 Michigan on Feb. 8 seemed to be another sign that the corner had been turned. But then came the bitter pill of Saturday's loss to the Badgers.
Losing to Wisconsin, a team that has been to the NCAA Tournament and finished in the top four in the league standings in each of Bo Ryan's first 12 seasons as coach, is not an embarrassment. Neither is a loss to Michigan State or Ohio State, which have carried the flag as the Big Ten's best for years.
Yes, all seven of Iowa's losses this season have been to teams currently in the Associated Press Top 25. The Hawkeyes own two victories over top-10 teams in the same season for the first time since 2005-06. But if you want to be considered a player, you've got to beat these teams more often. Especially at home.
And you've got to be able to finish a few of these close games. Iowa is 2-5 this season, and 0-3 in the Big Ten, in games decided by five points or less or in overtime.
Entering play Saturday, Iowa hadn't laced it up in a late February game with Big Ten title hopes alive and well since 2006. That statement, alone, is a compliment to what McCaffery has done since inheriting a 10-win team. But Iowa fell to 2-6 against AP Top 25 teams after Wisconsin turned a one-point deficit into a five-point victory in the final 38 seconds of the game.
McCaffery pointed to a lack of toughness, an opinion fueled by Michigan State's ability to track down 50-50 balls a majority of the time, for that loss. Iowa didn't play with much defensive tenacity, and made just 3-of-20 3-pointers, against Ohio State.
On Saturday, Iowa was just 4-of-14 from 3. The Hawkeyes are now 0-5 in Big Ten play when they make less than five 3-pointers. But it was defense that was lacking at crucial times. Asked how he thought his team defended Wisconsin, McCaffery said, "Not well. Not well at all."
There are going to be good nights and bad nights offensively. But defense should be a constant. And 26 games into a season, a team should have its defensive identity figured out. Defense is where Iowa grew the most last season. This season, not so much.
Five times in the final 9 minutes Saturday, Iowa went back on defense with a lead of three or four points. Wisconsin scored on four of those five possessions.
A Big Ten title may now be on life support, but the week ahead is still a very important one for a Hawkeye team that still hasn't lost back-to-back games all season. Three games in six days: Tuesday at Minnesota, Thursday at Indiana, home against Purdue on Sunday.
A victory over the Gophers at Williams Arena Tuesday — a Minnesota team desperate for a win to get back in the NCAA Tournament discussion — would give Iowa a fourth consecutive road win for the first time since 1986-87 and five Big Ten road wins overall for the first time since 1997-98.
These are big games when it comes to seeding, both in the Big Ten Tournament and NCAA Tournament. And it's a chance for this team to walk the walk.
Rick Brown is a 10-time Iowa Sportswriter of the Year and covers Hawkeye basketball for the Register. Follow him on Twitter: @ByRickBrown.


Steve Sweigart has been the Ephrata Area School District Director of Athletics/Student Activities/Facilities since 2012. Mr. Sweigart joined the District in 1990 as a physical education teacher and was awarded 2012 Middle School Health and Physical Education Teacher of the Year by the Lancaster Lebanon Health Physical Education Recreation and Dance Association. He has also coached cross country, tennis, and soccer for the District. Mr. Sweigart is a graduate of Ephrata High School and Lock Haven University, where he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Health and Physical Education.


7. In search of the 'missing body': pain, suffering and the (post)modern condition / Simon Williams and Gillian Bendelow.
edited by Graham Scambler and Paul Higgs.
Add tags for "Modernity, medicine, and health : medical sociology towards 2000". Be the first.


Trenbolone Enanthate is an injectable anabolic steroid derived from 19-nor Testosterone and is used to buildup muscle mass and to make the muscles formations stronger in a short amount of time. The enanthate ester of this compound has an effect five times that of testosterone and is free from side effects like gynocomastia, water-retention. Trenbolone Enanthate help bring about an incredibly hard, ripped physique and is an ideal product for competitive athletes. It also increases the levels of IGF-1 and the sensitivity to it and it interacts strongly with the receptors of anti-anabolic glucocorticoid hormones.
Trenbolone Enanthate requires only one injection per week with the usual dose of 300-700mg per week for men. It can be stacked with non-aromatizing anabolics such as Winstrol or Primobolan during the cutting phase. The compound can also be combined with the addition of stronger drugs such as Dianabol or Testosterone and after concluding the cycle - HCG or Clomid/Nolvadex are recommended to be used. The androgenic nature of this drug of course makes it a very risky item for women to use, the chance for virilization symptoms extremely high with such a potent androgen. Other side effects that may occur while using Trenbolone Enanthate are testicular atrophy, hair loss, enlarged prostate and acne on different body parts, oily skin, aggressive behavior and hair loss.


One of the most exciting aspects of the MSc Digital Marketing programme is the course's links with agencies and clients, which bridges the gaps between academia and the business world. Projects, a class field trip, as well as internship opportunities, are some of the activities that the programme offers in collaboration with some great partners.
The aim of Digital Marketing partnerships at RGU is to offer students an overall experience of working on real industry projects and get to the heart of digital marketing agency life. RGU Digital Marketing industry opportunities enable students to implement skills and knowledge that have been taught throughout the course. They also gain real time experience of actual digital marketing problems.
In addition, the RGU Digital Marketing partnerships enable students to find out where their strengths lie and to acquire the knowledge required to work in the real world. This lets students explore the different disciplines that exist and decide which areas suit them best. Furthermore, the programme allows students to talk with digital mentors and get advice on how to work effectively when they start on their digital career.


What is a freak cake? A cake that's all about crazy toppings! Use a round Carvel Ice Cream Cake as the base for this rainbow freak cake, glazed with a rainbow white chocolate drip and a variety of colorful candy toppings.
They look almost too pretty to cut into, but with a storebought ice cream cake, it's not much work to turn it into a glorious rainbow freak cake!
Follow this easy step-by-step from Club Crafted. No matter what you're celebrating this week (like a Tuesday), this over-the-top rainbow freak cake ice cream cake will be the highlight of the day.
– Rainbow or colorful lollipops, candy, cookies, etc.
Use a spatula to smooth out the top frosting. As pretty as it is, we can't add that signature freak cake drip unless it's flat. Move back to the freezer while you make the ganache.
To make the ganache, you'll use equal parts cream and chocolate. Heat the cream in the microwave for about 45 seconds until warm. Mix in white chocolate and heat in 30-second intervals until you can mix them together smoothly. Once the chocolate has completely melted into the cream, pour the ganache into multiple small bowls.
In 5-6 bowls, stir food coloring into the ganache so you have a bowl for each color of your rainbow. Allow ganache to cool, which will also allow it to thicken.
Remove the cake from the freezer. Use a spoon to carefully push small amounts ganache over the edge of the cake and create the drip. Alternate colors either randomly or in a rainbow pattern. Then add ganache to the top and allow the colors to blend together like tie dye.
Immediately sprinkle the edges with rainbow sprinkles. Move the cake back to the freezer to set.
If using lollipops for toppings, cut the sticks so that they will fit entirely into the cake.
Once the cake is properly frozen and the ganache has set (it may continue to drip in the freezer), remove it and stick lollipops into the cake. Note the front of the cake and place larger pieces at the back and smaller pieces toward the front. Fill in with other colorful candies, sprinkles or cookies. Due to the size of my serving plate, I also filled in the bottom of the cake with extra sprinkles.
Move the cake to a serving platter or stand if desired and cut immediately to reveal the tasty layers of chocolate and vanilla ice cream with a crunchy center inside!
This is the easiest ganache recipe ever with only two equal-part ingredients, so it's easy to whip up and drip over your cake. The rest is just throwing the rainbow kitchen sink all over the cake, ha! Check the candy aisle of your grocery store or a party store for colorful candies to decorate the top, or even leave that pretty tie dye rainbow drip to speak for itself. Add a cake topper or candles for special occasions, and this cake is truly a treat for every type of celebration.
Remember, the most important thing about decorating an ice cream cake is making sure it stays frozen! Move it back to the freezer as needed to prevent melting.


Depicted here is the kabuki play Oborozuki tsui no someginu, which tells the story of the double suicide of the husband and wife Yaoya Hanbei and Ochiyo. The jealous mother-in-law forces them to divorce and the lovers see no other solution. In this scene Ochiyo is holding the letter of divorce. Bunchō, a master of nuance, gave the print a touch of melancholy through its lineature and colouration.
This handsome print is from a well-known group of early actor prints by Bunchō and Shunshō with the actor's names added in manuscript. The long narrow box on the bench beside the woman at the left is the shape of a carrying case for a samisen, and it is possible that the young woman is a geisha. The young man is certainly a townsman, and Dr. Hempel has suggested that the paid portray Ochiyo and Hanbei, a husband and wife who commit a double suicide in a play performed at the Nakamura-za Theatre in the spring of 1771.


We are delighted to announce that Peter Bennett has been awarded an OBE in the New Year's Honours List. Appointed Executive Director of the Ladder Association in 2007, (then the British Ladder Manufacturers' Association), Peter and his team set about widening the membership base and establishing a training scheme for users and inspectors of ladders. The Association promotes ladder safety (as demonstrated by our current Get-a-Grip campaign) and works closely with the UK's Health & Safety Executive on work at height guidance.
The Ladder Association is a member of the Access Industry Forum (AIF) the umbrella body for all of the UK work at height industry associations and is a founding supporter of the No Falls Foundation, the first charity dedicated to preventing falls from height.


MARK TARABOCHIA, et al., Defendants.
This matter comes before the Court on "Plaintiff's Motion to Quash Subpoenas Issued by Defendants." Dkt. # 15. Plaintiff injured his hand while on board the F/V JOYCE MARIE and has sued the vessel and vessel owner(s) for Jones Act negligence and unseaworthiness. Plaintiff alleges that he lost his balance and his hand went through a plate glass window on the wheelhouse, causing severe injuries with continuing disabilities. Defendants doubt plaintiff's version of events based on evidence acquired to date. Another crew member on board the F/V JOYCE MARIE at the time of the incident has indicated that plaintiff was using heroin in the days leading up to the incident and was in the midst of a heated argument with his girlfriend when he punched through the window. After plaintiff left the vessel, defendants located a computer file, apparently created by plaintiff, containing text messages, emails, and photographs dated October 2013 to July 2014 that seem to reflect drug transactions and a volatile relationship. At his deposition, plaintiff denied using heroin after 2011, denied fighting with his girlfriend before the incident, and denied punching through the wheelhouse window.
Plaintiff reports that he has no feeling in three of his fingers and his thumb, that he has no coordination or grip strength in his right (dominant) hand, and that he is in constant, severe pain. Defendants have obtained surveillance video which seemingly contradicts plaintiff's testimony regarding the extent and severity of his deficits.
Defendants issued three subpoenas for phone records from January 2014 to the present, including all account information, call and text message logs,  and roaming data. They have also issued two subpoenas for bank records for the same period, seeking detailed summaries of credit and debit card transactions, withdrawals, and deposits. Plaintiff seeks to quash all five subpoenas as irrelevant and an unwarranted burden on his privacy interests.
Litigants in a civil action are entitled to discovery "regarding any nonprivileged matter that is relevant to any party's claim or defense and proportional to the needs of the case." Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(b)(1). In determining what is "relevant" and "proportional, " the district court must consider "the importance of the issues at stake in the action, the amount in controversy, the parties' relative access to relevant information, the parties' resources, the importance of the discovery in resolving the issues, and whether the burden or expense of the proposed discovery outweighs its likely benefit." Id. "The court must limit discovery that is not proportional to the needs of the case." Hancock v. Aetna Life Ins. Co., 321 F.R.D. 383, 390 (W.D. Wash. 2017). Additionally, courts may limit unreasonably cumulative, overly broad, unduly burdensome, or irrelevant discovery. Fed.R.Civ.P. 26(b)(2)(c).
In their opposition, defendants rely on an outdated standard in support of their relevance argument. Dkt. # 19 at 5. Rule 26(b)(1) now states "[p]arties may obtain discovery regarding any nonprivileged matter that is relevant to any party's claim or defense and proportional to the needs of the case." Notably, the 2015 Amendments to Rule 26 deleted the provision for discovery of relevant but inadmissible information that appears "reasonably calculated to lead to the discovery of admissible evidence." The Committee Notes indicate that the phrase had been incorrectly used to define the scope of discovery, sometimes to the exclusion of concepts of proportionality.
As the Committee Note to the 2000 amendments observed, use of the "reasonably calculated" phrase to define the scope of discovery "might swallow any other limitation on the scope of discovery." The 2000 amendments sought to prevent such misuse by adding the word "Relevant" at the beginning of the sentence, making clear that " 'relevant' means within the scope of discovery as defined in this subdivision ..." The "reasonably calculated" phrase has continued to create problems, however, and is removed by these amendments.
Fed. R. Civ. P. 26, Committee Note to the 2015 Amendment.
The question of whether the third-party information defendants seek is discoverable depends on a balancing of defendants' need to obtain all relevant evidence with plaintiff's need for protection from far-reaching, burdensome, and invasive discovery. "[C]ourts are properly encouraged to weigh the expected benefits and burdens posed by particular discovery requests (electronic and otherwise) to ensure that the collateral discovery disputes do not displace trial on the merits as the primary focus of the parties' attention." Regan-Touhy v. Walgreen Co., 526 F.3d 641, 648-49 (10th Cir. 2008) (citations omitted).
With regards to the pre-incident phone records, defendants have identified a specific need to confirm events and authenticate communications that are directly relevant to a determination of whether defendants' negligence and/or the vessel's unseaworthiness caused plaintiff's injuries. To the extent these records mirror the electronic files found on the vessel's computer and corroborate the other crewman's statements, they are of vital importance to defendants' theory of the case. While much will be disclosed that has nothing to do with this case, plaintiff's privacy interests do not outweigh the need to obtain relevant information regarding the cause of plaintiff's injuries in this case where plaintiff says he is entitled to damages of $3, 000, 000.
With regards to the pre-incident bank records, defendants offer no reason to suspect that these records will authenticate or corroborate the electronic files plaintiff left behind. Production of plaintiff's pre-incident finances, including every purchase and every deposit, is unlikely to result in admissible evidence (there is no reason to suspect that plaintiff used a credit card to purchase heroin or that defendants would be able to identify such transactions from a list of charges or withdrawals). Because of its minimal relevance and the outsized burdens it would impose on plaintiff's privacy interests, discovery of the pre-incident bank records is not proportional to the needs of the case.
With regards to the post-incident phone and bank records, defendants are fishing. Defendants have evidence that plaintiff recently engaged in activities that he arguably should not be able to do if his testimony regarding the extent of his injuries were truthful. While focused discovery regarding plaintiff's post-injury activities may be fruitful, the discovery sought here --records of all communications and bank records from the accident to the present -- reflects nothing more than defendants' hope that they will catch plaintiff calling a bowling alley, paying for a round of golf, or doing something else defendants feel he should not be able to do. The balance of the benefits and burdens of these post-incident discovery requests are not in defendants' favor: they are not prompted by any specific need for information and are likely to drive discovery and generate disputes that are wholly collateral to the primary issues in this case.


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After watching their teammate Artie Burns get picked 25th overall Thursday, then waiting fruitlessly Friday as the minutes melted away, the draft-eligible Miami Hurricanes had to be getting more jittery by the second on Saturday.
Then, Bush had his moment.
"Welcome to Chicago, Deon!" the Chicago Bears tweeted, and the string of congratulatory tweets and text messages began.
Turns out that Bush, who said he had been staying at a hotel, saw a navy blue Chicago Bears T-shirt the Bears had given him at the NFL Scouting Combine and slipped it on before he went home to watch the draft with his family.
The 6-0, 199-pound hard-hitting Bush, 22, finished his final season at Miami with 50 tackles, a sack, two fumble recoveries, six pass breakups and an interception. But it wasn't considered his best, and his upside is believed to be substantial.
A high-character young man, Bush has helped his father fight through liver cancer while doing extensive community service. This past season he was one of 22 college players nationally chosen for the Allstate AFCA Good Works Team, one of the most significant off-the-field honors in college football.
"When I read his résumé, it was eye-popping, incredible," ESPN analyst Jesse Palmer said.
Fellow ESPN analyst Todd McShay lauded Bush's talent after he was drafted.
Bush, who graduated from Columbus High, will join former Hurricane stars and current Bears Antrel Rolle, a fellow safety from Homestead, and punter Pat O'Donnell.
While UM's two drafted defensive backs were celebrating, their undrafted teammates were busy arranging contracts as free agents. As of early Saturday night, the Canes heading to various NFL teams as undrafted free agents were defensive linemen Ufomba Kamalu (Houston Texas) and Calvin Heurtelou (Denver Broncos), cornerback Tracy Howard (Cleveland Browns), receivers Herb Waters (Green Bay Packers) and Rashawn Scott (Miami Dolphins) and linebacker Tyriq McCord (Steelers). Others hoping to sign included linebacker Raphael Kirby and safety/running back Dallas Crawford.


The Ballantyne Breakfast Club was founded in 2001 as a communication forum for the South Charlotte / Ballantyne area. This longstanding club is now organized by South Charlotte Partners and will continue to keep our community informed.
The club meets throughout the year, allowing key government, community, and business leaders to provide timely information in important areas, such as local developments, rezonings, education, transportation, safety, and city/county government.
Using community notices - we help residents stay up-to-date with important issues. We want to ensure that residents are aware of local happenings and can advocate for their best interests in a timely manner.
You can receive notices by signing up below on the South Charlotte Partners website.
Let us help connect you with local leaders and each other by subscribing to our email list and following us on Facebook.
We strive to provide community information in Ballantyne with notices and information on pertinent issues such as community events, public notices, school updates, area rezonings, and developments.
Use the link below to go to our Events page and find out more about meetings and events hosted by the Ballantyne Breakfast Club & South Charlotte Partners.


Lifestyle Model For Land's End: Little Keanan!
Highlighting Land's End incredible youth winter collection is our own child model, Keanen! Keanen's been modeling with SLU for over three years, and the little guy's a pro. He love's baseball and soccer, and of course is already a busy lifestyle youth model.
Do you need talented and well-rounded youth or child models for your next project? Don't hesitate to call us or click on the "Request Talent" button on the top right of your screen!


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