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Kategoria: mobiili (maaliskuu 2011)
Me and Qt Quick / QML
Oh, just wanted to let you know something: I kinda like Qt Quick / QML. It's quite nifty for UIs (naturally since it's copying WPF's XAML ;). It didn't take that long to get into the basic notation, get lists running, some animations etc. Pretty good.
I still have a problem with Qt Creator (in addition to the one I already wrote about). I'm not used to it. It doesn't function like I'm used to. See what I did there? I'm not blaming the IDE, it doesn't have to be exactly like Visual Studio. But it would help ;)
What I don't like is that there are no tabs in the editor. There is a listbox that shows the opened files. There's also a subwindow that shows them. Not the way I like it.
Also I don't like the find functionality. Ctrl-F shows it, it finds stuff, but when I press Esc, it still stays on the screen. And the found words are highlighted. I don't want that. I have to close it every time I use it :(
Also: a kingdom for automatic generation of property methods (AGGGGH!) and why can't I use QList with ListView? All I get is errors about not finding the properties if I don't use QList. And I want to use real types!
I would be happiest with Visual Studio. I had the add-in version 1.1.7. It shows up in VS 2008 and 2010 that I have installed. It kinda works in 2008 but not in 2010. It loads the .pro file and makes a project out of it in 2008, but in 2010 it can't. The project file version is off. Grh. Also in 2008 QML is nowhere to be found. And it doesn't seem to support anything else than desktop. Grhfmggh.
Oh, 1.1.8 is available. Let's install that. Or rather, uninstall the previous one, then install this one. They're still using the crappy Nullsoft installer and not MSI packages. Oh you poor devil children :P
Ok, 1.1.8 won't work either. Why does it say it supports 2010 if it clearly doesn't? Or does it allow creating new projects, just not converting .pros? Gah. 2008 time again...
In 2008 it just gave an error. The system cannot find the file specified. Care to elaborate on which file? No. I don't want to. Naturally. To the command line...
Visual Studio 2010 command line. Ran the command (which the add-in in 2008 kindly did show me), got warnings about Unknown version (160) of MSVC detected for .vcproj. Unknown? You said this add-in was for 2010?
Visual Studio 2008 command line. No errors, warnings about deprecated unescaped backslashes (it's always nice when Nokia ships things that generate warnings). But I got the .vcproj file. Still no QML files in the project, so clearly it doesn't support it. Build and all I get is ERROR PRJ0019: A tool returned an error code from "RCC Project.qrc". Care to elaborate on what error code and which tool? No. I don't want to.
What this means is that by "upgrading" to VS add-in 1.1.8 I lost the ability to even import .pro files. It worked in 1.1.7 a few minutes ago. Not anymore. Oh yeah, I've got the source, I could fix it. But it's not my place to fix it.
So, it's back to Qt Creator. Clearly the Visual Studio add-in is there just to allow people to do something, but not to allow people to actually develop stuff with it. At least if you want to use QML or target mobile devices. That's nice, Nokia. Very nice. Goes so well together with your decision previously to can Carbide.vs, which was the only usable IDE for Symbian development in my book. Carbide.c++ never got to the stage where it was really usable, mainly because of Eclipse.
Disclaimer: yes, I do know that Trolltech did the VS add-ins and it's not Nokia's fault entirely. But hey, they could've at least told the Qt developers that it would be nice if people could actually use QML in Visual Studio (without manual work) and target mobile devices. Even if it means manually making SIS files etc, but just let me test stuff in the simulator...
Qt Creator is Broken, Horribly
Better to write a separate story about this problem I ran into. It's a big one, really. It might not affect that many people, but it did me. And it's a possibility for a disaster.
As many people know, the Symbian SDK is still in the dark ages. It can't handle spaces in path names. Stupid. And since I'm not an idiot, I don't want to have all my projects in some C:\mystuff. I want to have them where they belong and that is under my profile directory. Which, of course, has spaces in the path.
Tried to compile a Qt app. Didn't work, the spaces. Ok. Copied the project to c:\nokiaisstupid\project\ (not really, but I'm pissed off right now). Compiled, it works. Nice.
Opened a QML file from the Qt Creator. Edited it. Ran in the simulator. Nothing changed. What the heck? Changed something else. Nothing. Strange.
Changed the original file. Changes were visible. Umm, what? Qt Creator opens files from the new location, but builds them from the old! That's nice. And no, clean all doesn't fix it.
Let's remove the original file altogether. Ran just fine. Edited the new file. Still uses the old file. Which doesn't even exist anymore! So it caches stuff somewhere like an idiot?
Clean all. Rebuild all. Still using the old version. Which still doesn't exist.
Search all files in the project directory for the old path. Not found. Search all files in the project directory for main.qml. All point to the new path.
Close the simulator. Close Qt Creator. Still the old version!
So, where the hell is this old version cached? Why does Qt Creator still use it, even though the path is not in the project files, the file doesn't exist etc?
Oh well, let's build a deployment SIS for the device. Maybe it'll notice that something's missing then. Nope! 329 warnings from the Qt SDK itself, none from my code. No errors. SIS created.
Install SIS on device. Oh, right. I can't install the smart installer version, since it doesn't seem to work on E7. Let's send the stupid installer version then. Wow! It uses the new version. As it should.
So, I'm stuck in a situation where Qt Creator doesn't realize that it should use the new file. It keeps its old version somewhere deep inside the simulator and doesn't give up on it.
How about it, Nokia? A quick fix for this in order? Or should I just never create projects in one place and then move them? And recreate the whole project that's currently not working?
The root cause for all this is the stupidity that is simulator work: there is a separate build folder for simulator stuff. Which has a separate makefile. And the build directory is per user. And the path stayed the same. And the makefile has a relative path (as it should). So it just kept on copying the wrong files.
So the fix as I see it: don't use any stupid separate folder for the simulator! Everything I do on a project X should be either inside the project X's folder or somewhere in simulator's/Qt Creator's folder structure. No folders should be created anywhere else. It's just stupid. Oh, right. You can't do that. Since Qmake does not support build directories below the source directory. Cool. But it still builds this one quite nicely without problems when I put it under the source folder. Maybe I'm just lucky.
Or at least use relative paths or give an error message. Yes, there is a warning, but it doesn't say why or what things will be caused by not fixing paths by hand.
So there. I'm sure this will go under "a minor thing that nobody notices since they'll never move files around."
Recap: when Qt Creator creates makefiles for building, please use absolute paths. Also, please use a folder under ProgramData or some other reasonable place. Don't clutter my project folder with Project-build-desktop, Project-build-Symbian, Project-build-maemo etc. They're not my projects. They're just build results. Which are NOT laid out like this in any other IDE that I know of.
Please? Pretty please?
Qt 4.7.2, E7 and Stuff
Now it's naturally time to try to get my Qt Quick application into the E7 for testing. Updated Qt to 4.7.2 (it's nice that it's only some gigabytes when updating...). Qt Creator up and added device configuration. Build, get a warning about spaces in paths and build bar goes red. Nothing happens. For some time. Change view to Compile Output and there's the typical error about missing path, path being cut at space. Great.
So there are two problems here, still: Symbian toolchains don't handle spaces in paths and Qt Creator can't even show errors in the Build Issues view when building for Symbian.
Hey, it's 2011. When will you guys understand that? It's NOT ok to install your stuff into the root folder. Not even if you can't make stuff work with spaces. Because the correct thing to do is fix it so that it does.
So now I have to save my Qt projects somewhere else than all other projects I do, just because Nokia can't get SDKs done right? That's sooo cool.
Oh well. Let's see if I can at least get the device connected to Qt Creator and get stuff in it. USB connected, drivers installing... And no, I will NOT install Ovi Suite to this machine!
CODA installed on device. Reboot. USB cable in, device says that debug services are available. Qt Creator won't show the device in project settings. I didn't expect anything else...
Setting Up Development Environment for Symbian has been read and done. But noo, naturally it won't work. So what's next? Maybe it won't work with CODA, you have to have App Trk? Though the documentation doesn't say so. Let's try that...
Nope. Not available in Qt Creator still...
Well, let's just make a SIS out of it and send it to the device without Qt Creator. But, how? Build, done. No SIS file. Deploy? No, that would require a connection to the device. Which I don't have. So...? I'm a total newbie with Qt Creator and it clearly isn't as simple as it could be. It seems that I have to create a new build step that runs make sis. Manual work is always great.
But that requires manual installation of Qt on the device. Not nice. So I have to use make installer_sis. Now I get a package that doesn't complain. Testing on device...
Installing... This'n'that... Error: device not supported. Oh really? Why not? E7 isn't supported? That's not going to help. Let's try installing the sis package from the SDK manually. As I said, I do like manual work when developing. It'd be much better for the end users, too, if they had to install Qt manually, don't you say?
Installing... Installation complete! So, yes, E7 is supported. Just not by the smart installer. Ok, this whole thing is beta (even by name, I think it will be beta quality for a long time still), maybe they'll fix it soon.
Try installing the smart version again. No go, not supported. Install without the "smart installer" and it went through. Not so smart after all.
But woohoo, it runs! So, all I have to do now is send the SIS file manually every time I build, since the connection from Qt Creator to the device won't work. And I can't use the "smart installer" since it won't work with an actual device.
So, anyone more familiar with Qt Creator and development who can tell me what I'm doing wrong? It must be me doing things wrong, it can't really be that these things don't work, can it?
Also as a side rant: why the heck hasn't Nokia implemented a better support for Symbian in Qt Creator? "Oh, you can use the testing UIDs when developing and when you want to send the app to Symbian Signed, you must remember to change the UID by hand to another value." Umm, hello? Isn't this supposed to be done by the IDE, not by the developer? Ah, sorry, forgot: manual work is fun. And not error prone.
And it's nice that compiling Qt application for Symbian causes hundreds of warnings. No, not a single one from my code. They're all from the Qt code! Developer 101 time: warnings are bad. You shouldn't get any when compiling. Even if they're "only" warnings. Clearly Nokia doesn't know this.
What the heck?!? When I copied the project to another location (because the Symbian SDK can't handle spaces), cleaned everything many times, but STILL the Qt Creator loads QML files from the wrong place! That is, when I double-click a file to open it in editor, it loads it from newpath\test.qml. When I build the app (for the simulator, at least), it loads it from oldpath\test.qml. Which obviously doesn't work. Separate path handling for project viewing and building? Hello? Idiots anyone? Sheesh!
Me and Nokia E7
symbiatch - 16.03.2011 19.13 - IT-ala mobiili
Ah, the day you've all been waiting for is here: I just got the Developer Gift E7 from Nokia! So now I can complain about all the nice things like I always do and Nokia can keep on not giving a damn. Especially since they're throwing Symbian away. Boohoo. But to the point...
(I'll probably update this as I go along, I've only poked around for a few minutes. And yes, I know that others have written about the device already. I haven't read them and I don't care: this is, after all, my blog and my experiences. I've used iPhone 4 for some months, before that iPhone 3G for two years, so my habits and experiences are mainly from there)
Ah, the start screen. Nice that I'm appreciated for choosing Nokia. Didn't really choose, but anywho :) Language, English please. I don't like Finnish in these things (Finnish people know what I'm talking about when I say akt.valm.til.sov.). Then waiting for ages for it to allow me to choose country. Loading something or other. Blah. Time/date, yeah.
Home screen and all the cool widgets. Not bad. Better looking than I thought. But let's try to get updates. Oh, can't since it won't ask me for wifi connection (no SIM inserted, offline mode). Oh well, I'll do it myself. No updates still. Maybe the 14.x is not available for Finnish devices?
Add email account. Warning about maybe sending info to Nokia. Hope you won't, I won't like it and you don't need my account info. Exchange info input, press next. The same screen stays on, no warning, no error. Umm, what? Let's try next again. Oh, now it asks for email server. And it's done. And finally Nokia understood that not all use domain field. Previous MfE required something in the domain field when using the wizard.
But crap. The email application is quite the same. Ugly, font is horrid (the same font as everywhere else. And it is horrid.) Oh well, maybe it works. Not going to test it yet.
Calendar, then. Nice, it's the same as Android: it only syncs the default calendar! What the crap? Hello, Nokia, this was supposed to be an E device. For Enterprises. And even if I'm not an Enterprise, I do use another calendar for school. Actually, I use two calendars for school. In addition to the default one for other things. So I can't use this for my daily stuff. Nice.
Also, I'm used to the nice and simple calendar view in my iPhone: the list. Ahh, Symbian used to be all about lists. Why isn't there a nice list view for the calendar, then? A list that shows all the items in a loooong list. But no. I certainly only need a list that shows one day at a time. It's so convenient to check e.g. what the next week will be like at school. Oh, I forgot. I couldn't do that anyway since it won't support more than one calendar from Exchange.
The nice Social application wants me to have an Ovi account. Doesn't say why, doesn't say if they'll rip off my account info or anything. I just must have one. What about a little clarification here, Nokia? Also, after I set up the ovi account info, there are no social networks to choose from. Nice. Others have had this problem too. They did appear later when I had inserted my SIM and rebooted the device thrice.
The Social application looks quite bad too. The font is one thing, it's too big and ugly (hey, I can only see ONE or maybe TWO updates per screen, that's nice!). The layout for the items is a bit off, too, many times. In landscape mode a third of the screen is used for title bar and buttons. Why? I do have quite big fingers but I certainly don't need that big buttons.
The Social widget, then. No, not going to use it. Shows parts of latest messages. Changes after a while. Shows "Update status" in between and whatnot. I don't need that. I only need an app that starts quickly and shows me the action. And there's only a status update box but where will it update it? To all networks added? I probably don't want that and I'm not going to test it. So a sub par thing this one too.
Wifi connection is very shaky when in offline mode. As it's always been. Nokia doesn't clearly understand that some people don't use the phone as a phone always. So I'll have to insert a SIM to get things working better. I seem to be getting a working network connection every other time, if I'm lucky. And still the phone shows that I'm continuously connected to the wifi. Strange...
Open SIM slot. "Phone will restart." Ok, fine, you shouldn't have to at this point since there isn't any SIM inserted so nothing changed (iPhone on the other hand just removes phone connection and restores it if you insert a SIM later). Insert SIM, "The phone will restart." Fine.
Phone starts and starts telling me, again, that it's nice I chose Nokia. In Finnish. Didn't I clearly tell it that I wanted English as my language previously? Yes, I did. But it chose Finnish since I inserted a Finnish SIM. What part of "no, no automatic language but English" didn't you understand? Okay, every part of it. Let's reboot the phone for the third time. (And after this I got Social to add networks)
Software update found Search update. Install. Takes a while but clearly does something. I think. Ok. Also some Microsoft communicator app, I don't need it so I won't install. But wait, there's one bug here... Info button is hidden if I select the second update. Deselect it and it's activated. And it shows the first app's details. What about the second? Can't get it to show that any way I click. Clearly a problem with this "click once/twice" shit that Nokia had with Symbian UI. You can get the details of the second one with long touch, though. But still a bug.
Ovi Store. Update needed. Umm, so, Software Update won't update Ovi Store for some reason? Ovi Store will update itself only? That's nice :P
Update installed, starting. Still the ugly (web based?) Ovi Store. That doesn't remember account even though I touched on "remember me." And the constant Unable to contact stores continue. And it's not my network since I'm using the same wifi network without problems on this laptop. Installation works when I happen not to get errors. But I don't want to be taken to my account page after I've selected an app to be installed (still it's better than iPhone's "I'll just take you away from the App Store completely so you can watch the app install)
The screen on the device is lot worse than I'd think. I do have the plastic cover on that is on by default (and I know it's supposed to be taken off, it's just a protection while packaged). The viewing angles are small, the white background changed to red-pinkish when tilting the device. I'm used to using my iPhone from whatever angle, so this is not nice.
Home screen widgets (the default ones at least) are mostly useless to me. CNN? BBC? E!? Reuters? Don't care. How do I remove them from the list? No option in the list itself. Blah!
Music player. Default four songs. That are updated when starting. This is what I don't like about Nokia. True, iPhone gets its database from iTunes sync and I can save songs to this phone from other sources, too. Anywho. I hope the search is faster than in the previous phones. But once again a stupid UI thing: a list of songs (I like this), I select one and I'm shown a coverflow-like menu of... the four songs?!? And I have to select again the one I already selected. What's the point? Nokia UX people to the rescue? (And they still try to get me to use their UX services when clearly they either a) don't use them themselves or b) they're crap).
Ah, almost forgot the browser! Let's start it up... Snappier than previously. Still doesn't seem that great. Oh, right. Multitouch. Zoom works quite nicely. The wifi problems still continue. Maybe it just doesn't like my 802.11n network (some other devices don't either, crappy D-Link station). Anywho. The loading bar is hidden, so I can't see if it's loading or not. And scrolling while loading is not working at least on bigger pages. Oh, sorry. Scrolling while loaded on larger pages is slow and jagged. Better than before, still. And there's still the browser update coming, someday, right?
Camera, then. First I thought it was broken, then I realized it had the plastic protector still on. Silly me :) But wait, no autofocus? Right, this is an E device. Maybe it'll suffice. At least the camera app shows how many pics/how much video I can record. Unlike the iPhone that caused me to miss a couple of things since the video was just stopped with the notification "not enough space".
Now if I only knew what to test next. mIRGGI probably needs a little test run and some other things too. But I'm surely not going to switch from my iPhone to this soon. If the email and calendar apps were done right, I might even think about it. But now it's impossible.


text:
Petherwin Gate is a hamlet in Cornwall, England. It is about half a mile south of North Petherwin.

References

Hamlets in Cornwall

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: properly disposing of Excel COM object in Excel Add in OK, I believe this question must have been asked a million times, so apologies for a duplicate, but I cannot figure out why I am still getting a COM object in my Task Manager after running this app.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using Microsoft.Office.Tools.Ribbon;
using Excel = Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel;
using Microsoft.Office.Core;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;

namespace DataDumpTest
{
public partial class DataDumpRibbon
{
    private Excel.Application _xlApp = null;
    private Excel.Workbook _wb = null;
    private Excel.Worksheet _ws = null;

    private void DataDumpRibbon_Load(object sender, RibbonUIEventArgs e)
    {

    }

    private void LoadOpenFileDialog()
    {
        this.openFileDialog1.Filter = "Excel File (*.XLSX) | *.XLSX";
        this.openFileDialog1.Title = "Ariel's Special Definition";
        this.openFileDialog1.Multiselect = false;
    }

    private void btnDataDump_Click(object sender, RibbonControlEventArgs e)
    {
        LoadOpenFileDialog();

        if (openFileDialog1.ShowDialog() == System.Windows.Forms.DialogResult.OK)
        {
            _xlApp = new Excel.Application();
            _xlApp.Visible = false;
            _xlApp.DisplayAlerts = false;
            _xlApp.ScreenUpdating = false;
            _wb = _xlApp.Workbooks.Open(openFileDialog1.FileName);
            _ws = _wb.Worksheets["Sheet1"];

            _ws.UsedRange.Copy(Type.Missing);
            // get range to paste into
            Excel.Worksheet activeWs = Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveSheet;
            if (activeWs != null)
            {
                Excel.Range rng = activeWs.Cells[1, 1];
                rng.Select();
                Globals.ThisAddIn.Application.ActiveSheet.Paste(Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
            }

            // clean up
            GC.Collect();
            GC.WaitForPendingFinalizers();
            Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(_ws);
            _wb.Close(Type.Missing, Type.Missing, Type.Missing);
            Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(_wb);
            _xlApp.Quit();
            Marshal.FinalReleaseComObject(_xlApp);
        }
    }
}
}

So the COM object I am interested in disposing of is the _xlApp, _wb and _ws that I am opening via OpenfileDialog1. When I am debugging this I can see in my task manager that when I hit the button another Excel instance shows up and doesnt disappear until I stop debugger. Shouldn't it be gone when I released them? Am I missing something here?
Ps. This is just a simple copy/paste from one excel to another, but I want to make sure that I get it right here before I go on to the rest of this app.

A: Hmm, try just using:
Marshal.ReleaseComObject(YourComApp);

If it still doesn't go, try nulling out the COM object after running the Marshal on it.  I know in powershell I have to dump the variable too.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Терми Зевксіппа — комплекс  громадських лазень на акрополі  Константинополя.

Історія
Терми  побудовані при  Септимії Севері на агорі в центрі міста впритул з  іподромом. Імператор хотів, щоб лазні називали його ім'ям, але городяни звали їх Зевксіппом (; буквально - запрягати коней). За різними версіями, назва походить від ближніх статуй Зевса на коні або фракійського бога Сонця Зевксіппа, або ж від  мегарського царя Зевксіппа, чиїм ім'ям названа агора. Терми Зевксіппа були дуже популярні серед народу та стали важливою частиною суспільного життя. Вони були багато прикрашені мозаїками та статуями з різних регіонів імперії. В екфразі  Хрістодора Коптського згадуються 80 статуй богів, міфічних персонажів і знаменитих людей, абсолютна більшість яких належали грецькій культурі. Центральний двір комплексу був гімнасій, також були торгові лавки.

Терми, як і багато інших будівель, зруйновані під час повстання «Ніка», після якого Юстиніан I перебудовував акрополь. Відбудовані терми Зевксіппа втратили значну частину своїх багатств. Тепер дві сторони бань впритул межували з комплексом  Великого палацу, або ж, як пише Іоанн Зонара, були з'єднані з ним. Терми продовжували використовуватися за прямим призначенням до VIII століття, в 713 тут осліплений імператор  Філіппік. Потім будівля використовувалася як в'язниця Нумера і державний цех з виробництва дефіцитного в Європі шовку.

У середині XVI століття будівлі терм вже не існувало, на його місці Сулейман I побудував хамам, названий на честь  Роксолани (Хасекі Хюррем Султан Хамами).

У 1927-1928 на місці терм проведені розкопки, знайшли кілька статуй та скелетів. Зараз на цьому місці розбитий парк Султанахмет, реконструйований Хасекі Хамами діє і в наші дні.

Література
   Іванов С. А.  У пошуках Константинополя. Путівник по візантійському Стамбулу і околицях. - М .: Вокруг света, 2011. - ISBN 978-5-98652-382-8.
  Болгов Н. Н., Сбитнева Ю. М., Ляховская О. В.  Лазні Зевксіппа в Константинополі: античний комплекс в серці християнської столиці // Наукові відомості Бєлгородського державного університету. Серія: Історія. Політологія. Економіка. Інформатика. Випуск № 19 (114) / тому 20/2011.
 Візантійський словник: в 2 т. / [Упоряд. Заг. Ред. К. А. Філатова]. СПб .: Амфора. ТИД Амфора: РХГА: Видавництво Олега Абишко, 2011, т. 1, с. 152.

Зевскіппа
Константинополь
Архітектура Візантії
Зевксіппа


Most people associate the name AGA with good food and fine living. And although it's often thought of as quintessentially British, the Aga actually began life in Sweden. The celebrated Cast Iron Range found in 750,000 households worldwide was invented by Dr Gustav Dalén, a blind Nobel Prize-winning physicist. Appalled that his wife and their maid had to constantly tend to their old-fashioned range, Dalén set out to design a modern range that would look after itself. It's unlikely Dalén could have predicted that his invention would go on to be widely acclaimed as a design icon, but it has.
In the year 2000, the BBC published a retrospective of the 20th Century highlighting what it considered to be the top three design icons: first was the Coca-Cola® contour bottle, second was the VW™ Bug and third was the Aga Cast Iron Range.
Over the last 80 years Aga has built on that iconic design, creating new products for the day's needs. Additions to the Aga family like dual fuel and electric cooking products, as well as refrigeration, have brought us a long way from Dalen's first range in 1922, but close to our heritage.
The popularity of AGA heat storage cookers grew steadily through the 1930s. In 1931 a total of 322 AGA cookers were bought, with sales soaring to 1,705 just 12 months later. Among the keys to its success were the talents of salesman David Ogilvy, who went on to form the worldwide advertising giant Ogilvy Mather. He was one of the company's first salesmen and his The Theory and Practice of Selling an AGA Cooker has been described by Fortune Magazine as 'the finest instruction manual ever written'.
In 1934 the AGA Cookbook was published by Sheila Hibben, who explained that Dalén had "tackled the problem with a view to creating a stove that would provide all the conveniences and economy that modern engineering demands". The book was published in the USA, proof of the AGA cooker's growing popularity outside Britain.
In 1934 16 members of the Graham Land Expedition Team took an AGA cooker to the Antarctic. For the next three years their AGA cooker ensured they ate well and lived in warmth and comfort, despite the thermostat dropping to -40°C outside.
In 1947, the majority of manufacturing moved to the landmark Coalbrookdale foundry in Shropshire. This little village in the Ironbridge Gorge was a very fitting home for AGA. It was here in 1709 that Abraham Darby first smelted iron with coke, a move that was to kick-start the Industrial Revolution.
Today, every AGA cooker in still manufactured by hand by skilled craftsmen. Molten iron is poured into casting moulds before every AGA cooker is given multiple coats of vitreous enamel. The process, which takes place over a period of three days, is a world away from the process used by most modern cooker manufacturers – a quick spray paint.
Finally, every AGA component is individually inspected and colour-checked. It is such craftsmanship that helps ensure the life on AGA cooker is measured in decades not years.
When hostilities broke out in 1939, much of AGA Heat Ltd's production capability was diverted to help the war effort.
The 1950s proved to be another successful decade for the AGA. The cooker had established itself at the heart of fine living and sales reached more than 50,000 units per year. Part of this success came from the introduction of a new range of exciting AGA colors. For 34 years the classic AGA had been available only in cream, but in 1956 that all changed. The introduction of the new AGA De Luxe models in pale blue, pale green, grey and white proved hugely popular with AGA enthusiasts.
The long-running BBC Radio 4 soap opera 'The Archers' featured an AGA in Doris and Dan Archer's kitchen. Because of the difficulty of recreating the authentic sound of an AGA door, a real AGA door had to be built in to the studio.
The times they are a-changing. The 1960s saw a decline in the use of solid fuel and the move to more convenient energy sources, such as gas and electricity.
The first oil-fired cooker was introduced in 1964, followed by the launch of the first gas model in 1968. These products were the first to use the iconic black lozenge logo – which is still used to this day. In 1968, reflecting fashions of the time, the AGA color palette was further extended to include dark blue, red, yellow and black enamel.
The 1970s was a decade of transition for the AGA company as the focus shifted to innovation and the challenge of developing a new wave of AGA cookers to meet the demands of the next generation of families.
Only one new model appeared during this decade, the EL2 AGA cooker in 1975. Its design moved away from any previous AGA heat-storage cooker and looked more like a conventional cooker – built in sheet metal and available in a wide range of colors.
The decade started in style with AGA's 50th anniversary celebration. A lavish birthday party was thrown at the Royal Garden Hotel in London and was attended by advertizing guru and lifetime AGA supporter David Ogilvy. The company continued to flourish, and its status as something of a national institution was recognised when Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher visited the Coalbrookdale foundry in 1981.
Then, in 1985, AGA launched a landmark model – the first electric AGA range cooker, with the 2-oven EC2 followed two years later by the 4-oven EC4. These new models retained all the traditional features for which AGA cookers were renowned, but for the first time no flue was required as the cookers vented through a small pipe fanned to the outside.
By the end of the decade, more than 8,000 new owners were joining the AGA family each year.
In the 1980s the AGA cooker began to feature in romance novels by authors such as Jilly Cooper. The move saw the use of the term 'AGA sagas'.
The module was unveiled in 1996 – a conventional electric cooker with traditional AGA styling designed to fit on the left-hand side of the range. Later the same year the companion was introduced – similar to the module but freestanding. By 1998, both were available with gas hob options.
In 2003 fitting a 3-oven AGA into the space occupied by a 2-oven AGA for the previous eighty years was an engineering breakthrough and a major step forward, adding a baking oven for the first time along with the additional capacity. Launched first in gas and then 13-amp electric, 40% of AGA heat-storage cookers sold today have 3-ovens.
The introduction of the 13-amp electric AGA in 2004 – complete with standard household plug – changed the AGA family forever. It needs no flue, and can go almost anywhere in the kitchen. Nearly half of all AGA range cookers sold today are 13-amp electric models.
In 2009 the company celebrated the 300th anniversary of our foundry in Coalbrookdale. The first place in the world where iron ore was smelted with coke instead of charcoal. This was the innovation that started the industrial revolution and literally changed the world. Now a World Heritage Site, the foundry is where every AGA heat-storage cooker is born. The mission to track down every AGA range cooker in the world was launched as part of the 300th celebrations.


text:
Q: Draggable floating window in android app : Not focusing on layout elements In my application I am making a floating type window that appears on top of any application or home screen. Like a facebook chat bubble. I have made the floating window drag gable with some buttons for different actions. I have an edittext layout in the window. I am getting some problem in focusing on the floating window. every layout is unfocus and edit text is also not working.
I have attached a screenshoot video of the same.
My code is:-
In service oncreate(){}
    mFloatingWidget = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.layout_floating_widget, null);
    int layoutType;
    if(Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 26) {
        layoutType = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_PHONE;
    } else {
        layoutType = WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY;
    }

    final WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams(
            WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
            WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
            layoutType,
            WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE,
            PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT);

    params.gravity = Gravity.TOP | Gravity.START;
    params.x = 0;   // Initial Position of window
    params.y = 100; // Initial Position of window
    mWindowManager = (WindowManager) getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE);
    mWindowManager.addView(mFloatingWidget, params);

    mFloatingWidget.findViewById(R.id.root_container).setOnTouchListener(new View.OnTouchListener() {
        private int initialX;
        private int initialY;
        private float initialTouchX;
        private float initialTouchY;
        @Override
        public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
            Log.d("AD","Action E" + event);
            switch (event.getAction()) {
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN:
                    Log.d("AD","Action Down");
                    initialX = params.x;
                    initialY = params.y;
                    initialTouchX = event.getRawX();
                    initialTouchY = event.getRawY();
                    return true;
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_UP:
                    Log.d("AD","Action Up");
                    int Xdiff = (int) (event.getRawX() - initialTouchX);
                    int Ydiff = (int) (event.getRawY() - initialTouchY);
                    if (Xdiff < 10 && Ydiff < 10) {
                        if (isViewCollapsed()) {
                            collapsedView.setVisibility(View.GONE);
                            expandedView.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
                        }
                    }
                    return true;
                case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE:
                    Log.d("AD","Action Move");
                    params.x = initialX + (int) (event.getRawX() - initialTouchX);
                    params.y = initialY + (int) (event.getRawY() - initialTouchY);
                    mWindowManager.updateViewLayout(mFloatingWidget, params);
                    return true;
            }
            return false;
        }
    });

}

Please let me know what's wrong with the code.
Thanks

A: This this happening because the focus is not set to the window manager , instead its on the main screen window. To prevent this, don't add the FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE in params.
Updated Code:-
final WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams(
            WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
            WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,
            layoutType,
            0,   // REMOVE FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE
            PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT);

params.gravity = Gravity.TOP | Gravity.START;
params.x = 0;   // Initial Position of window
params.y = 100; // Initial Position of window
mWindowManager = (WindowManager) getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE);
mWindowManager.addView(mFloatingWidget, params);

Hope this answers your query.
Thanks


Swedish massage therapy is the method that people usually think about when it come's to massage therapy. As the best-known type of bodywork performed today, one of the main goals of a Swedish massage is to relax the entire body using gliding, flowing strokes in the direction of blood returning to the heart. The benefits of Swedish massage therapy goes beyond relaxing the body, such as, improving oxygen levels in your blood, decreasing muscle toxins, and increasing circulation.
Whether you are stressed, depressed, in pain, or anything in between, you can benefit from the advanced massage techniques at Footprints on the Moon. We are deeply committed to your well being and overall health and look forward to bringing you the relief you deserve. Schedule your Swedish massage today by booking online and enjoy the best massage in St. Cloud, Florida.


text:
Q: How to round values in a list containing tuples I have a list, which has 2 more lists within it and both of the lists each have 2 tuples in them.
lst = [
  [('Jade', 0.9877607), ('Tom', 0.5728347)],
  [('Jackson', 0.6892309), ('Hazel', 0.6837777)]
]

I want to round all 4 float values to 2 d.p. Would I have to turn each tuple into a list and then change it or is there an easier way to do it?
Thanks!

A: Since tuples are immutable, you cannot modify them in-place. You'll need to create a new list based on the current list.
This is very simple to do using a list comprehension:
lst = [
    [('Jade', 0.9877607), ('Tom', 0.5728347)],
    [('Jackson', 0.6892309), ('Hazel', 0.6837777)],
]

new_list = [
    [(name, round(value, 2)) for (name, value) in sublist]
    for sublist in lst
]
print(new_list)

# Output:

# [
#    [('Jade', 0.99), ('Tom', 0.57)],
#    [('Jackson', 0.69), ('Hazel', 0.68)]
# ]

A: Tuples are immutable, which means if you want to "modify" them, you need to create whole new object. In your case it is easiest to create whole new list and reassign it to the original lst variable.
lst = [[(t[0], round(t[1], 2)) for t in lin] for lin in lst]

You could use the above list comprehension to create a new list.

A: for x in lst:
  print(round(x[0][1],2),round(x[1][1],2))

#output
0.99 0.57
0.69 0.68

Or if you want to create a new list:
k=[]
for x in lst:
  for y in x:
    k.append((y[0],round(y[1],2)))


I thought I was in good shape until I started Crossfit in 2011. It has significantly improved my overall fitness. My life outside the gym has improved as well, with less stress, less time at the doctor, and an overall feeling of being in shape, knowing my body can handle the challenges of everyday life and then some. My Crossfit performance improved significantly when I started eating properly and learned to fuel my body for performance instead of just eating whatever was convenient. I've been a coach for 5 years and seeing that same improvement in athletes of all different shapes and sizes is a testament to the effectiveness of Crossfit.
My spare time is usually spent working on my wife's current Pinterest dream and catering to the whims of our pit bull Dolly. I also enjoy spending time with friends, family, and any Atlanta sports team.


Amori starts his review with wood. "Wood members begin to degrade with prolonged exposure to temperatures in excess of 150 degrees Fahrenheit, and it experiences significant degradation at temperatures ranging from 392 to 580 degrees. The amount of degradation is dependent on the time of exposure. Because structural fires are generally short-lived (measured in hours rather than weeks), the effects of exposure to heat on wood members are generally limited to the charring of the wood. Depending on the species, charring typically occurs between about 500 and 600 degrees.
As to concrete, Amori says that it is an excellent fire-resistant building material due to its low thermal conductivity and high thermal capacity. However, "Concrete can spall, but otherwise remain generally unaffected, at temperatures between 200 and 300 degrees. Above 550 degrees, the concrete surface may begin to exhibit surface crazing and aggregate pop-outs just below 1,100 degrees. Crazing is the result of shrinkage of the surface of the concrete due to rapid dehydration that forms fine, shallow and structurally insignificant cracks.
One factor noted in fires that may determine whether the home is lost to the flames or survives is the type of roof. A number of years ago, many homes in a wealthy California subdivision were lost to fire as the neighborhood association had mandated "wood shake shingle" roofs for ascetic reasons. Such roofs only served to pass the fire from home to home; asphalt shingles or tile roofs might have prevented the spread.
Adjusters must consider factors such as roof type in fire damage claims, especially in cases like that in California where sound fire protection was in some may politically annulled. Educational courses, such as those taught Crawford Educational Services classes and KMC on Demand courses, can prepare adjusters to properly investigate and analyze coverage and liability issues and better understand how structural damage itself occurs.


Whether you need a regular cleaning and examination or a full restorative treatment for your mouth, the professional staff of Seminole Family Dentistry will provide you with the best dental care available. Trust Dr. Amira Djuric to tailor a comprehensive dental plan to give you the smile of your dreams. We offer comprehensive dental services for all ages at an affordable price. The latest advancements in modern dental techniques enable Dr. Djuric to provide you with the best quality of care, with an emphasis on patience and patient comfort. We take pride in the care and effort we put into our work, so when you are looking for a new dental care plan from a Seminole family dentist, trust Seminole Family Dentistry; just ask one of our previous happy customers!
Going to the dentist does not have to be scary; it is important not just for your oral health, but it affects your overall health as well. The key to turning a dentist's appointment from something to fear to just part of your yearly routine is finding a dentist that you can trust. Here at Seminole Family Dentistry, we make the process as easy as possible from every angle. Not only do we offer high quality, affordable service, but our dental service is catered to mitigate dentist fears and make the process as comfortable as possible. Give us a try so that you can see our dental service for yourself.
Oral health can be very easy to maintain if you stay on top of it. Don't wait until you have a dental emergency to find or see your dentist; take steps to protect your teeth and gums today! Please feel free to give us a call for more information if you are looking for a family dentist in Seminole. We can help you create a dental care plan catered to your needs. One of our friendly and knowledgeable representatives will be happy to answer any questions that you may have.


We wanted to really revolutionize the BI game for JD Edwards users, because on premise BI can be heavy and requires build time, and demands huge capital investments.
Co-Founder and Partner, of EmeraldCube.
EmeraldCube Solutions provides services and solutions for Oracle's JD Edwards ERP application. They wanted to provide their customers with easy access to insights to improve operational efficiencies in an affordable, approachable, usable, and scalable way. As a Nucleus Research ROI winner, learn how they realized a 1273% ROI.


text:
Big Serge Thought
The History of Battle: Maneuver, Part 2
bigserge.substack.com
Dispersement and Concentric Movement
Big Serge
Mongolia remembers when the thunder of their horses' hooves shook the world
In the first entry in this series, we examined what may be termed the absolute fundamentals of maneuver warfare - the concentration of fighting power, penetration into the enemy rear, and the envelopment of some or all of the enemy force. A single envelopment scheme of this sort, whether achieved through an asymmetrical deployment like the Thebans at Leuctra or a flanking movement like Rommel at Gazala, represents a sort of basic, stock model maneuver scheme - a potent, but relatively textbook design.
In this entry, we will expand the scope of our study to look at maneuver on a larger scale, and in so doing demonstrate a countervailing principle to the schwerpunkt that we introduced last time. Schwerpunkt denotes the concentration of massed fighting power to allow maximum effort to be exerted at a decisive point. This is a powerful battlefield tool, but it is not without risks and downside - the accumulation of a concentrated mass, if unveiled by the enemy's intelligence, will reveal the attacking intention and alert the enemy to vulnerabilities in other positions.
What we are speaking of here is the great benefit of operational ambiguity. All military decisions are intrinsically wrapped up in the basic game of intelligence (learning what your enemy is up to) and counter-intelligence (hiding what you are up to). One of the paradoxes of strategy, therefore, is that actions that may have benefits in the form of battlefield asymmetries - such as concentrating forces - may generate negative asymmetries by communicating one's intention to the enemy.
Anyone who has played chess (or any strategy game, really) is aware of this paradox. Developing pieces for an attack brings with it the intrinsic possibility of your opponent recognizing your intention and reacting optimally - because he is always afforded the opportunity to react. Therefore, in chess as in war, maintaining some level of ambiguity is absolutely necessary.
One way that this can be achieved is through what we call the dispersion of forces. This is the opposite of schwerpunkt and concentration, and correspondingly it reverses both the positive and negative asymmetries of force concentration. The concentration of forces offers a high level of combat power, but a very low level of strategic ambiguity. Dispersion, in contrast, offers dissipated and weakened combat power, but maximum ambiguity. The difficulty lies in managing the relationship between the two.
Throughout history, some of the most successful commanders have been those that were able to maintain a high degree of force dispersion - spreading units out and maneuvering them in a way that left the enemy paralyzed by ambiguity, only to bring them together at the crucial moment for maximum combat effectiveness. The ideal is for the dispersed army to maneuver independently, but fight together - pivoting seamlessly from dispersion to concentration at the correct moment. This is materially a difficult thing to do, because it requires not only mobility but also an effective command and control system to synergistically move large units across a wide theater, bringing them together for concentrated battle at the optimal time.
Let us examine a few of the preeminent examples from history of this dispersion-concentration duality, and the skillful movement of large units across vast spaces. Unsurprisingly, these examples come from three of history's preeminent military geniuses, beginning with one of the most iconic men in all of history - the illiterate world conqueror and lord of all who dwell in felt tents.
The Apogee of Genghis Khan
Everybody knows of Genghis Khan. His name continues to carry some of the strongest cachet and instant recognition of any historical figure - though the name itself is something of a point of debate. Probably, it should be spelled and pronounced something closer to "Chinggiz Khan" - a title that meant something like "universal ruler", which is thought to derive from the Turkic word "Tengiz" which means "sea" - implying that he ruled from sea to sea. But in any case, whether he is Tengiz, Chinggiz, or Genghis Khan, everybody knows him as the ruler of that cinematic Mongol horde that swept across Eurasia, conquering the largest contiguous land empire that the world has ever seen.
The World Conqueror
Ironically, however, Genghis is most famously known for something that he did not actually achieve in his lifetime - the conquest of China - while his genuine military masterpiece is significantly less famous.
Let us begin with a brief comment on the actual scope of Genghis's achievements. Before he could conquer the world, he had to conquer Mongolia - a feat that was much harder than it sounds. The Mongol world was one of tribal pastoral nomads - clans eternally wandering the steppe, herding their goats, sheep, camels, cattle, and horses from pasture to stream in seasonal patterns. This was an intrinsically harsh existence which kept the nomads in a permanent state of vigilance - disaster was only one step away. This promoted a deeply myopic political system - that is, focused on the immediate term and immediate needs, with khans constantly under pressure to deliver results and rewards in a steppe society that was constantly in a state of low intensity inter-tribal and inter-clan war.
Taming this politically fluid and unstable steppe - populated not just by the Mongol tribe, but also other peoples like the Niaman, Taichiud, and Khereids who are now mostly forgotten to us, required a long and dedicated program of both military conquest and political intrigue, both of which Genghis Khan (born Temujin) was a master of. It was not until 1206, when Genghis was in his mid-40's, that he could call himself the undisputed ruler of the Mongol steppe, and take his famous title.
Genghis then spent most of the rest of his life at war, deploying his newly consolidated steppe confederation against a host of foreign states - many of which now seem like passing, meaningless names to gloss over as they go by on the page, like the Xia (a small Chinese state ensconced in the defiles of Outer Mongolia), and the Qara Khitai in western China. While Genghis did subdue these states and break the military back of northern China, the core Chinese states (the Jin and Song Dynasties) were simply too large and too populated to be conquered quickly. Like an elephant eaten one bite at a time, China would not be fully conquered by the Mongols until 1279, more than fifty years after Genghis's death.
Cradle of the World's Largest Empire
In one of history's tantalizing twists, Genghis's greatest military achievement was one that he never planned on at all.
In the early 13th century, much of Central Asia was under the dominion of a polity known to us as the Khwarazmian Empire. This state is frequently identified as a Persian Empire - in that its rulers and military establishment were largely comprised of Persianized Turks. At its Zenith, it was a genuinely colossal and prosperous Islamic state, encompassing most of modern day Iran, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, and Kyrgyzstan. This was one of those cobbled together Central Asian Empires, made up of disparate political and cultural pieces - the lingua franca was Persian, the liturgical language of the mosques was Arabic, and the ruling dynasty was Turkic.
Unfortunately, the Khwarazmian Shah committed one of the greatest blunders in human history and brought wrath on a biblical scale down upon his realm.
Genghis had no military intentions in the Khwarazmian realm. He was hard at work eating the great elephant that was China, but he did view the Persian realm as a potentially lucrative trading partner, and dispatched a caravan with envoys to trade in the Khwarazmian markets. Unfortunately, the Shah's governor in Otrar accused the Mongols of being spies, looted the caravan, and killed many of Genghis's men. When Genghis sent three ambassadors to the Shah to demand restitution, the Shah had one of them beheaded and sent the others back to Genghis with their heads shaved.
The murder of an envoy acting in the Khan's name was perceived as a grievous insult to the Khan's own honor and person, and so there was nothing to be done but to destroy the Khwarazmian Empire entirely. Hell was coming on horseback.
Genghis's Khwarazmian campaign, though entirely unanticipated and predicated entirely on the surprise Persian crimes against his traders and envoys, would prove to be the great Khan's seminal military achievement. More importantly for us, it demonstrates Mongol skill in the operational domain, beyond simply their combat effectiveness.
Most people know that the Mongol army was fundamentally a cavalry army which derived a huge combat advantage from the skill of nomadic horse archers. The signature Mongol weapon was the recurve composite bow. Though neighboring civilizations dismissed the steppe nomads as primitives, the composite bow was a complicated and extremely powerful weapon. Made of a mix of layered materials including wood, horn, and animal sinew, and lacquered to protect it from drying, the Mongol bow was both powerful and light enough to use in the saddle. The Mongol horse archer was able to fire his bow with both accuracy and a stable rate of fire while also steering the horse through coordinated maneuvers with his feet. This was the basic weapons system that conquered most of Eurasia. A horse, a bow, and a man that could control them simultaneously
Horse. Man. Bow. The Pregunpowder Superweapon.
These skills, however, are tactical in nature - they correspond to Mongol combat effectiveness in pitched battle with the enemy. The invasion of the Khwarazmian Empire, in contrast, demonstrates Mongol operational skill - meaning the maneuver of military units across large distances with extreme precision and coordination.
The Mongol lifestyle inculcated a variety of skills that made them extremely skilled at the rigors of long distance campaigning. As nomads, they were accustomed to living on the move and traveling long distances in the saddle, with mobile food supplies in the form of their flocks. More than that, however, the logistics of moving large herds around the steppe - comprised of animals with different water and food requirements - naturally developed impressive skills at coordinating movements and actions in vast spaces. These skills were honed and demonstrated most potently during the Mongol hunt.
Mongols practiced a unique and impressive form of hunting, sometimes called the Nerge or Battue. This was a ring hunt - thousands of men would begin the hunt in a vast circle, up to 80 miles in circumference. Over the course of a full month, they would slowly move towards the center, driving all the game animals in the area inexorably towards the middle, until at the very end all the prey was trapped in a small killing zone. This practice could bag hundreds of animals, but it was logistically very difficult and required skilled coordination and discipline.
All of these skills made the Mongols the transcendent operational practitioners, as would be apparent in 1219 when the war against the treacherous Shah began. Genghis's army was divided into divisions called Tumens - units of 10,000 men, which were further subdivided into units of 1,000, 100, and 10. The adopted invasion plan would send these Tumens on separated lines of advance across the breadth of the Shah's realm, before bringing them together for the killing blow - even 800 years later, it remains a nearly perfect example of force dispersion and timely concentration.
Genghis began his masterpiece by immediately deploying a force of 3 tumen (30,000 men) into the Fergana Valley in the winter of 1219, in the eastern reaches of the Persian realm. This caught the Shah and his generals by surprise, as it called into question longstanding assumptions about the empire's natural defenses. The Khwarazmian realm was shielded from Genghis by a variety of natural defenses, including the apparently impassable Kyzylkum Desert and the Tien Shan Mountains. The Shah assumed that these barriers would slow Genghis's deployment and allow him to defend the key access points.
Instead, Genghis immediately sent his oldest son, Jochi, and an experienced general named Jebe do make a rapid crossing of the Tien Shan and burst into the Fergana. Their mission was to avoid a pitched battle and instead break as much stuff and burn as many fields as they could, staying out of range and generally infuriating the Persian forces that tried to grapple with them. Meanwhile, Genghis brought his main force across to the northern periphery of the Persian borderlands and besieged the city of Otrar.
At this point, the Mongol army was divided into two main wings - one breaking things in the Fergana Valley, and the other destroying the city of Otrar in the north. These two bodies then subdivided further. The Fergana division split - Jochi took a portion of the army westward towards the Syr Drya River, while Jebe moved south. The main body in the north likewise was divided, with a smaller force under Genghis's sons Chagatai and Ogedei staying at Otrar to finish the city off, and the main army - under Genghis's personal command - seemingly disappearing.
The Shah commanded numerically superior forces and had the advantage of fighting on home turf, but Mongol force dispersion across the breadth of his realm created total paralysis. With at least four large Mongol forces now operating independently within his borders, and total ambiguity as to their intentions, the Shah was operationally frozen and could offer nothing but passive resistance from within the walls of his cities. The larger Khwarazmian army became an entirely passive participant in the war, unable to maneuver or take any proactive action whatsoever. The Mongols, though outnumbered, seemed to be everywhere.
Even so, the single largest body of the Mongol army was unaccounted for. Where was Genghis? In March, 1220, he suddenly appeared in the Persian rear, outside the city of Bukhara. The Khan had crossed the un-crossable Kyzylkum desert, hopping from oasis to oasis, riding in a 300 mile arc to take Bukhara completely by surprise.
The end was not long in coming. Bukhara fell swiftly, and the dispersed Mongol forces now rapidly concentrated on the Shah's capital at Samarkand, where the Persian reserves were assembled. In a climactic finish to the masterpiece, Genghis feigned retreat from the capital's formidable fortifications and slaughtered the defending army when it came out the gates to pursue.
In the space of less than six months, Genghis completely destroyed an enormous and stable empire with armies that greatly outnumbered his own. All that would remain after the fall of Samarkand was a manhunt to chase down the fleeing Shah, and a leisurely stroll through the remainder of his shattered realm, sacking cities one after another. The military back of the Empire was shattered.
The operational brilliance of Genghis's campaign against the Shah is difficult to understate. The theater was more 250,000 square miles. From Bukhara to Genghis's staging area north of Lake Balkhash is nearly 800 miles. Across this vast distance, using nothing more sophisticated than signal flags and couriers, the Mongols coordinated four large military bodies, completely paralyzing the Shah's armies with their range, mobility, and precision, before converging to deal the killing blow to at the capital.
The technology of the Mongol armies - a recurve bow and the hardy Mongolian horse - are now artifacts of history, but the brilliant display of dispersion, operational ambiguity, and maneuver are timeless, and it is fair to question if they have ever been surpassed. What Genghis demonstrated with this masterful campaign, eternally, is the power of dispersed maneuver to intellectually paralyze the enemy. The Shah's empire was destroyed without his army ever attempting a single proactive action. This was a bewildering, disorienting, almost otherworldly way to die - no wonder many of Genghis's enemies believed he had come from hell to punish them.
Napoleon's Bloodless Masterpiece
Napoleon Bonaparte is widely understood by acclaim to have been one of the greatest military minds in history. But what was it about his system of warfare that was so effective? Was their something systematic - something that could be copied? Or was Napoleon simply blessed with that undefinable and inimitable gift of genius? To be sure, Napoleon was endowed with tremendous gifts – a prodigious memory that bordered on the photographic, quick decision making, and an instinctive, practically preternatural grasp of the battlefield situation. But Napoleon's success as a military leader was not only due to his own gifts as a battlefield commander, but also thanks to his redesign and restructuring of the French Army. Napoleon not only wielded the army masterfully in action, but he also rebuilt it into a more powerful force on an organizational level. In his case, genius, doctrine, and weapon worked synergistically.
In the earliest phases of the wars of the French Revolution, republican France deployed massive, bloated armies that tended to overwhelm enemies through sheer mass. These were the armies of the levee en-masse – the mobilization of virtually the entire young male population. This overwhelming amount of armed human biomass successfully defended France, but was too large, undisciplined, and unwieldy to be the basis of a permanent military system, and in any case a nation that is perennially mobilized en-masse is unlikely to be socially or economically stable. The silver lining, however, was that such a massive army made changes to the organizational scheme a necessity.
When Napoleon came to power, he undertook an organizational renovation of the army, creating his famed Grand Armee. The central innovation was the organization of the army into units known as corps. The corps was a brilliant organizational development: a force, usually of around 30,000 men, with its own cavalry and artillery components. The size and composition of the corps made it self-sufficient, it could fight on its own if need be, while still being small enough to maneuver at great speed and live off the land. Napoleon's corps could subsist largely by foraging (really, requisitioning or stealing food from civilians as they passed through) removing the need for cumbersome supply trains, and freeing them to advance quickly ; during a forced march, a corps could cover up to thirty miles a day – a truly impressive speed for such a large formation.
The Grand Armee's Order of Battle (Credit: Thomas Shoffner, US War College)
It is difficult to understand how revolutionary the corps was. Before Napoleon, European armies virtually never had standing formations larger than a battalion, and there had never been a systematic combined arms formation before. It is not much of an exaggeration to say that the modern order of battle was invented by Napoleon. In his effort to slim down the bloated revolutionary army, he first conceived of the balanced combined arms maneuver unit - equipped for any battlefield task, large and strong enough to have real heft on the battlefield, but not so large that it could not move at speed and feed itself from the local populations.
In short, Napoleon's corps were the perfect units for a war of maneuver. They could move quickly and independently through the countryside, and if a single corps encountered the enemy force it was large enough to hold on alone while the other corps converged on the battlefield to rescue it. This ability to disperse large units, maneuver them around the countryside, and then bring them together for the decisive clash was the foundation of Napoleon's operations - a simple but powerful recipe which has been summarized as "march divided, fight united."
The corps system of the Grand Armee received its first major field test in 1805, with the eruption of the War of the Third Coalition. An alliance comprised of Britain, Austria, and Russia declared war on Napoleon, aiming to reduce France to her pre-revolutionary borders. Napoleon conceived of a rapid campaign against Austria, to destroy as much of the Austrian army as possible – or even knock Vienna out of the war – before Russian armies could be deployed to Central Europe. This would be the setting for a stunning demonstration of the power and speed of the Grand Armee.
At the Height of His Powers
In autumn, 1805, Austria's objective was primarily to stall for time. Aware of how dangerous Napoleon could be, Austrian commanders were hardly anxious to rush into an unfavorable fight. Their notion rather was simply to prevent Napoleon from penetrating deep into the Hapsburg heartland while they awaited the arrival of their Russian allies. Austrian armies were deployed along several axes that were viewed as likely candidates for a French attack. One such force – an army of over 70,000 men – was anchored on the city of Ulm under the command of General Karl Mack, with the goal of blocking a French advance directly from the west into Bavaria.
Mack believed that the French intended to advance on a direct east-west axis. Napoleon demonstrated an excellent principle in military deception, by showing his enemy what he expected to see. A large cavalry force, supported by a full corps, was dispatched to move conspicuously about to the west of Ulm, dispersing into numerous formations, moving ostentatiously about and literally making as much noise as possible to give the impression of major activity. Mack's scouts were convinced that a large French army was marching east. This seemingly confirmed Mack's suspicion that Napoleon was advancing from the west, and supported his decision to cluster his forces around Ulm.
Meanwhile, Napoleon had deployed five corps to the northwest, which were now unleashed to display their potent combination of mobility and fighting power. On September 28, this main French body began a rapid march to the southeast, toward the Danube River to the east of Ulm. By October 8, Napoleon's 5th corps fought a brief skirmish with Austrian forces at Wirtingen – a city 30 miles to the east of Ulm, in the Austrian rear. Mack now went into a near total operational paralysis, vainly sending probes out in several directions. He was vaguely aware of the fact that he was on the verge of being surrounded, but unable to decide on a potential escape path. The dispersement of the French corps created (you know what I am about to say) ambiguity which left Mack reeling in a loop of confusion.
Napoleonic Warfare = LOTS of Walking
Napoleon, having marched directly into the Austrian rear, did not fully understand what Mack was doing – largely because Mack was doing nothing. As late as October 13th, Napoleon did not realize that the Austrians remained anchored on the city of Ulm – he expected that they had retreated across the Danube to the south. So certain was he that the Austrians had abandoned Ulm that he ordered Marshal Ney to push through Ulm with his 6th Corps and pursue the Austrians southward. It was only after Ney more or less ran into Mack's languishing army and was repulsed that Napoleon realized the entire Austrian force remained parked at Ulm.
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Mild and sunny year-round, Uruguay comes alive during the South American summer (December to February), when temperatures hover in the 80sF. Punta del Este kicks into full swing in late December, when the masses arrive for flamboyant New Year's celebrations. Summer days can be sweltering in Colonia del Sacramento, making its freshwater beaches popular. During the winter months (June to August), temperatures range between 43F and 59F during the day. In beach towns like Jose Ignacio most restaurants and shops close for the winter or open only at weekends.
Carnaval, during the week before the start of Lent, is a very popular time to visit. Montevideo hosts the country's main events, but parades, dance parties and spirited celebrations are widespread.
Uruguay virtually shuts down during Semana Santa (Easter Holy Week) and celebrates with gaucho-style barbecues, parades and local folk music.
On New Year's Eve the country's beaches are packed with champagne-swilling revellers awaiting spectacular midnight fireworks displays.
From the Americas: try Aerolineas Argentinas and Pluna, Gol, Pluna, American Airlines.
BY SEA: Many visitors to Uruguay arrive by ferry from Buenos Aires. There are regular Buquebus hydrofoil services to Colonia del Sacramento (a journey of 50 minutes) and Montevideo (3 hours).
BY CAR: Buenos Aires and Uruguay are connected by a series of road bridges. If you plan to hire a car in Argentina and drive to Uruguay check that your vehicle can be taken across the border and that you have the necessary insurance. See our care hire recommendations.
Rent a mountain bike, motorbike, golf cart or four-wheeler to explore small towns like Colonia del Sacramento and Jose Ignacio. Otherwise, taxis and buses are plentiful and cheap. There's really no reason to drive unless you want to explore the countryside (if so see our car rental recommendations). Uruguayan drivers tend to speed and by their own admission are unpredictable on the road. Taxis stop to drop off fares on main routes.
Citizens of Europe and North America only need a valid passport for stays of up to 3 months. Australian passport holders must apply for a visa from a Uruguayan consulate.
There are no obligatory inoculations unless you're arriving from a high risk area. The most likely complaint is diarrohea, usually from a change of diet rather than encountering anything too unhygienic. The best cure is to drink plenty of bottled water and eat bland food. If symptoms persist over a few days you should seek medical advice. The local consulate or tourist office can usually recommend someone reliable (who will expect to be paid in cash). Most antibiotics can be bought over the counter at a chemist (make a note of any medication you are allergic to).
A 10% tip is customary in bars and restaurants when a service charge isn't included in the bill. If the service is exceptional, then of course tip more at your discretion. Taxi drivers don't expect a tip unless they have been heaving your bags about.
Be ready for rapid-fire Uruguayan Spanish, peppered with slang. Most Uruguayans living in the cities have studied some English at school but don't actually speak it. There are few fluent English speakers outside Montevideo and Punta del Este.


text:
El XC Campeonato Europeo de Halterofilia se celebró en Kazán (Rusia) entre el 10 y el 17 de abril de 2011 bajo la organización de la Federación Europea de Halterofilia (EWF) y la Federación Rusa de Halterofilia.

Las competiciones se realizaron en las instalaciones del Pabellón de Baloncesto de la ciudad tártara.

Medallistas

Masculino

Femenino

Medallero

Referencias

Enlaces externos
Pág. de la EWF .
Resultados oficiales  .
Base de datos de la IAT .

2011
Halterofilia en 2011
Deporte en Rusia en 2011
Deporte en Kazán
Halterofilia


AEM – Develop UI Responsive Modules within AEM/CQ 6 within SVN and Git Repos.
Supporting adaptive and responsive pages from a wide range of devices from tablets, Playstation consoles, handhelds, handsets to desktops with different operating systems and browser versions.
Creating advanced modules such as search, accordions, smooth scrolling and animations effects.
Agile environment in a scrum team with testers, backend developers and designers with weekly reviews to product owners.


text:
HOME ESSAYS Plato's Allegory Of The Cave Research Paper
Plato's Allegory Of The Cave Research Paper
Aug 2nd, 2021 Published
Peter Lawless Dr. Gary Dresser First Year Seminar September 4, 2016 The question as to why a person is a certain place at a certain time can befuddle some people. Some people give the straight forward answer saying that they have always wanted to go to a certain place in the view of their own personal interests, but there is a deeper definition as to why that individual is at that school. Plato's allegory of the cave shows two different stages of education and how they are still present today. Now the question changes and is asked towards me, why am I at Concordia college? I first heard of Concordia through one of my baseball coaches who told me to look into the school for baseball. I did as I was told and as soon as I visited
Plato's Allegory of the Cave
One of Plato's more famous writings, The Allegory of the Cave, Plato outlines the story of a man who breaks free of his constraints and comes to learn of new ideas and levels of thought that exist outside of the human level of thinking. However, after having learned so many new concepts, he returns to his fellow beings and attempts to reveal his findings but is rejected and threatened with death. This dialogue is an apparent reference to his teacher's theories in philosophy and his ultimate demise for his beliefs but is also a relation to the theory of the Divided Line. This essay will analyze major points in The Allegory of the Cave and see how it relates to the Theory of the Divided Line. Also, this essay will attempt to critique the dialogue from the point of view of Aristotle, Plato's student, using his theories and beliefs.…
Plato's Allegory Of The Cave Analysis
Plato's Allegory of the Cave envisions the world as a dark cave, with human beings as trapped prisoners, and all of their experiences as nothing but shadows on a wall. Plato was an Ancient Greek philosopher who founded the Academy and is the author of philosophical works of unparalleled influence in Western thought. Plato is informing us of the world around us, and is guiding the reader in the journey from ignorance to wisdom.…
Plato's Allegory Of The Cave Essay
"Whereas, our argument shows that the power and capacity of learning exist in the soul…
An Analysis of Plato's Allegory of the Cave
Initially, I would say that Plato's Allegory of the Cave doesn't tell us anything about reality, and by doing so I would have to agree with the statement. My reasoning for this is straightforward and simple, Plato implies that the senses are completely useless, and by doing so he also implies that empiricist ways are also useless for they rely solely upon the senses. This shows to us that the Plato's allegory cannot tell us anything about reality as we have survived for millions of years by using empiricist techniques, or more specifically the senses. It would simply be impossible for us to live without them. These senses are sight, hearing, taste, smell and touch, and Plato claims that in order to understand reality we mustn't use them, instead relying on rationalist techniques like logic and reason, this, in some circumstances couldn't tell us a thing about reality. An example of this would be that we cannot gain all of our knowledge through thinking alone. For example, I could think of a fruit like an apple or banana and I could think of what it would possibly taste like, however, you wouldn't be able to imagine the taste, this simply isn't possible. We couldn't just think that bananas or apples taste delicious because we don't actually know how they would taste without actually eating it, and if we were to do this we would have to rely on the sense of taste, an empiricist sense, this clearly shows how the Analogy of the Cave cannot possibly tell us anything about reality as humanity relies on empiricism for the most basic of tasks as my example above clearly shows.…
Allegory of the Cave is a dialog between Socrates and Gloucon in The Republic written by Plato. Plato's Allegory of the Cave, Socrates depicts a long, dark cave with a small opening that allows a small amount of light to enter. Inside the cave there group of prisoners, who have been in the cave for their entire lives. The prisoners legs and necks are chained to the cave floor so they are unable to move and can only look forward at the cave wall. At the back of the cave there is a fire that they are never able to view. In between the prisoners and the fire there is a low wall with a path behind it, along which people carry pictures, puppets, and statues. These pictures, puppets and statues are all the prisoners are able to see, and the echoes of the puppeteers when they speak are all they are able to hear. Although the prisoners are chained they are still content because all they have ever known are the shadows. None of them have ever seen anything beyond the cave and have no desire to do so. However one prisoner wakes up to find that he is no longer chained to the floor, and is able to leave the cave. Once the prisoner is outside he realizes that the shadows are not real. The prisoner then decides to return to the cave, to free the other prisoners, however reentering the cave would make his eyes have to…
Plato's Allegory Of The Cave Summary
In Michael Ramsey's video depicting Plato's Allegory of the Cave men are held captive in a cave since childhood. The only reality they knew was demonstrated before them as the shadows of civilians as they passed by them. All seemed normal in their world until one of the prisoners was set free and taken out of the cave. Once his eyes became adjusted, he was able to accept the new reality portrayed all around him. I had a similar experience when I transitioned from high school to college. In high school my reality was based on the security, structure, and guidance provided by exterior influences, college has helped me to change my perception of reality.…
Analysis Of Plato's The Allegory Of The Cave
In Plato's The Allegory of the Cave, a dialogue between two men, Socrates and Glaucon, reveals that our senses are not completely reliable. Socrates tells the story of a prisoner who has been chained for his whole life, able to see only shadows cast on a wall. The prisoner believed that the shadows were reality, but when he is released and dragged out of the cave, he finds a more important, more authentic reality. Socrates arrives to the conclusion that our senses are limited, just like the prisoner's were, and that in order to come closer to the truth, we need to enter the world of intellect.…
Analysis Of Plato's Allegory Of The Cave
In The Republic, the Philosopher King becomes compelled to tell his citizens medicinal lies. When the citizens do not understand something, like medicinal things, the philosopher king becomes able to tell them almost anything and they will believe everything he says, and exalt him. He is compelled to do this to ease their minds, since they would not understand anyway, he figures it is just easier to not tell them. The Philosopher King also seems to understand more than what the citizens understand. But it isn't his nature that sets him apart from citizens like him, it is his wisdom, virtue, and knowledge that lifts him higher than everyone else, and allows his to "understand" things that the regular citizens would not. This suits him because he is so wise, he understands why the citizens do not understand what he understands, or knows.…
Compare And Contrast Plato's Allegory Of The Cave
Plato and Niccolo Machiavelli magnificent ideologies for leaders of the world. First Plato's dialogue Allegory of the Cave described what would happen if prisoners were chained to a wall and could only see the shadows before them. The shadows were visuals on the wall from the fire blazing behind them. Plato stated a quote about what would happen if those prisoners were to be released out of the cave? His reasoning for this was to produce what the human natures method is of gaining knowledge. Then, Niccolo Machiavelli described in The Prince why qualities are essential in succeeding as a prince. He stated that "qualities bring either blame or praise (Machiavelli). Therefore, it is significant to suppress negative qualities and let the positive…
Allegory Of The Cave In Plato's Republic
The allegory of the cave in Plato's Republic is a metaphor meant to illustrate Plato's views on knowledge but also strengthens his perception of the noble lie in society, an idea that is still very relevant today. It is designed to ask the fundamental question of: "What is the truth?" This is a clear reference Plato's ideology that rests upon the sworn duty that Guardians make towards the state and it is hence emphasized by this analogy. The journey that one makes to be able to attain that superior state is full of hardships1(The Republic, 516, a) but it is meant to illustrate the route the Guardians take to attain the Philosopher-King status. It is what leads a man to enlightenment but also establishes a supreme duty for whoever discovers…
The great philosopher, Plato, back in the days of the ancient Greek civilization, concluded that man as a species can only draw from what his senses take about his surroundings. This includes his social relationships, eating habits, spiritual beliefs, and the many other attributes that make a person who they are. This theory/observation is very accurate about man back then and is also seen in everyday life even today. People are constantly leaving their imaginary caves in search of their inner-self and it begins in early childhood.…
What Is Plato's Allegory Of The Cave
In Plato's Allegory of the Cave there were multiple beliefs brought upon by the prisoners of this cave. The prisoners of the cave are supposed to parallel everyday people in the sense of how reality is perceived. The prisoners of the cave believed and only knew that reality of the shadows and developed their own belief structure and way of processing that information. Plato connected that to everyday people due to the fact that although we strongly believe the reality we have made for ourselves, there can be more that we have never been exposed to. For example, when one of the prisoners were unchained and brought out of the cave into the world, he was overwhelmed and wanted to tell the other prisoners. Due to the fact that other prisoners could…
Prompt: Define Plato 's "Allegory of the Cave". What is the central message? Is he describing education alone? Where does politics come in?…
Describe Plato Allegory of the Cave
Plato is one of the most important Greek philosophers and a pupil of Socrates. He founded the Academy in Athens, an institution devoted to research and instruction in philosophy and the sciences. His works on philosophy, politics and mathematics which were very influential.The complex meanings that can be perceived from the "Cave" can be seen in the beginning with the presence of the prisoners who are chained in the darkness of the cave. The prisoners are bound to the floor and unable to turn their heads to see what goes on behind them. To the back of the prisoners, lie the puppeteers who are casting the shadows on the wall, which the prisoners are perceiving as reality.…
A Breakdown of Plato's Allegory of the Cave
Cohen, S. Mark. "Plato's Cosmology: The Timaeus." PHIL 320: History of Ancient Philosophy. 16 Nov. 2006. University of Washington. 21 Aug. 2007 .…