text:
import Helpers from '../../test-helpers';
import { Editor } from 'mobiledoc-kit';
let editorElement, editor;

import { MOBILEDOC_VERSION as MOBILEDOC_VERSION_0_3 } from 'mobiledoc-kit/renderers/mobiledoc/0-3';

const { module, test } = Helpers;

module('Unit: Editor: Atom Lifecycle', {
  beforeEach() {
    editorElement = $('#editor')[0];
  },
  afterEach() {
    if (editor) {
      editor.destroy();
      editor = null;
    }
  }
});

function makeEl(id) {
  let el = document.createElement('span');
  el.id = id;
  return el;
}

// Default version is 0.2 for the moment
function build(fn) {
  return Helpers.mobiledoc.build(fn, MOBILEDOC_VERSION_0_3);
}

function assertRenderArguments(assert, args, expected) {
  let {env, options, payload} = args;

  assert.deepEqual(payload, expected.payload, 'correct payload');
  assert.deepEqual(options, expected.options, 'correct options');

  // basic env
  let {name, onTeardown} = env;
  assert.equal(name, expected.name, 'correct name');
  assert.ok(!!onTeardown, 'has onTeardown');
}

test('rendering a mobiledoc with atom calls atom#render', (assert) => {
  const atomPayload = { foo: 'bar' };
  const atomValue = "@bob";
  const cardOptions = { boo: 'baz' };
  const atomName = 'test-atom';

  let renderArg;

  const atom = {
    name: atomName,
    type: 'dom',
    render(_renderArg) {
      renderArg = _renderArg;
    }
  };

  const mobiledoc = build(({markupSection, post, atom}) =>
    post([markupSection('p', [atom(atomName, atomValue, atomPayload)])])
  );

  editor = new Editor({mobiledoc, atoms: [atom], cardOptions});
  editor.render(editorElement);

  let expected = {
    name: atomName,
    payload: atomPayload,
    options: cardOptions
  };
  assertRenderArguments(assert, renderArg, expected);
});

test('rendering a mobiledoc with atom appends result of atom#render', (assert) => {
  const atomName = 'test-atom';

  const atom = {
    name: atomName,
    type: 'dom',
    render() {
      return makeEl('the-atom');
    }
  };

  const mobiledoc = build(({markupSection, post, atom}) =>
    post([markupSection('p', [atom(atomName, '@bob', {})])])
  );
  editor = new Editor({mobiledoc, atoms: [atom]});
  assert.hasNoElement('#editor #the-atom', 'precond - atom not rendered');
  editor.render(editorElement);
  assert.hasElement('#editor #the-atom');
});

test('returning wrong type from render throws', (assert) => {
  const atomName = 'test-atom';

  const atom = {
    name: atomName,
    type: 'dom',
    render() {
      return 'string';
    }
  };

  const mobiledoc = build(({markupSection, post, atom}) =>
    post([markupSection('p', [atom(atomName, '@bob', {})])])
  );
  editor = new Editor({mobiledoc, atoms: [atom]});

  assert.throws(() => {
    editor.render(editorElement);
  }, new RegExp(`Atom "${atomName}" must return a DOM node`));
});

test('returning undefined from render is ok', (assert) => {
  const atomName = 'test-atom';

  const atom = {
    name: atomName,
    type: 'dom',
    render() {}
  };

  const mobiledoc = build(({markupSection, post, atom}) =>
    post([markupSection('p', [atom(atomName, '@bob', {})])])
  );
  editor = new Editor({mobiledoc, atoms: [atom]});
  editor.render(editorElement);
  assert.ok(true, 'no errors are thrown');
});

test('rendering atom with wrong type throws', (assert) => {
  const atomName = 'test-atom';
  const atom = {
    name: atomName,
    type: 'other',
    render() {}
  };
  const mobiledoc = build(({markupSection, post, atom}) =>
    post([markupSection('p', [atom(atomName, '@bob', {})])])
  );

  assert.throws(() => {
    editor = new Editor({mobiledoc, atoms: [atom]});
    editor.render(editorElement);
  }, new RegExp(`Atom "${atomName}.* must define type`));
});

test('rendering atom without render method throws', (assert) => {
  const atomName = 'test-atom';
  const atom = {
    name: atomName,
    type: 'dom'
  };
  const mobiledoc = build(({markupSection, post, atom}) =>
    post([markupSection('p', [atom(atomName, '@bob', {})])])
  );

  assert.throws(() => {
    editor = new Editor({mobiledoc, atoms: [atom]});
    editor.render(editorElement);
  }, new RegExp(`Atom "${atomName}.* must define.*render`));
});

test('rendering unknown atom calls #unknownAtomHandler', (assert) => {
  const payload = { foo: 'bar' };
  const cardOptions = { boo: 'baz' };
  const atomName = 'test-atom';
  const atomValue = '@bob';

  let unknownArg;
  const unknownAtomHandler = (_unknownArg) => {
    unknownArg = _unknownArg;
  };

  const mobiledoc = build(({markupSection, post, atom}) =>
    post([markupSection('p', [atom(atomName, atomValue, payload)])])
  );

  editor = new Editor({mobiledoc, unknownAtomHandler, cardOptions});
  editor.render(editorElement);

  let expected = {
    name: atomName,
    value: atomValue,
    options: cardOptions,
    payload
  };
  assertRenderArguments(assert, unknownArg, expected);
});

test('rendering unknown atom without unknownAtomHandler throws', (assert) => {
  const atomName = 'test-atom';

  const mobiledoc = build(({markupSection, post, atom}) =>
    post([markupSection('p', [atom(atomName, '@bob', {})])])
  );

  editor = new Editor({mobiledoc, unknownAtomHandler: undefined});

  assert.throws(() => {
    editor.render(editorElement);
  }, new RegExp(`Unknown atom "${atomName}".*no unknownAtomHandler`));
});

test('onTeardown hook is called when editor is destroyed', (assert) => {
  const atomName = 'test-atom';

  let teardown;

  const atom = {
    name: atomName,
    type: 'dom',
    render({env}) {
      env.onTeardown(() => teardown = true);
    }
  };

  const mobiledoc = build(({markupSection, post, atom}) =>
    post([markupSection('p', [atom(atomName, '@bob', {})])])
  );
  editor = new Editor({mobiledoc, atoms: [atom]});
  editor.render(editorElement);

  assert.ok(!teardown, 'nothing torn down yet');

  editor.destroy();

  assert.ok(teardown, 'onTeardown hook called');
});

test('mutating the content of an atom does not trigger an update', (assert) => {
  const done = assert.async();

  const atomName = 'test-atom';

  const atom = {
    name: atomName,
    type: 'dom',
    render() {
      return makeEl('the-atom');
    }
  };

  const mobiledoc = build(({markupSection, post, atom}) =>
    post([markupSection('p', [atom(atomName, '@bob', {})])])
  );
  editor = new Editor({mobiledoc, atoms: [atom]});

  let updateTriggered = false;
  editor.postDidChange(() => updateTriggered = true);

  assert.hasNoElement('#editor #the-atom', 'precond - atom not rendered');
  editor.render(editorElement);

  $("#the-atom").html("updated");

  // ensure the mutations have had time to trigger
  setTimeout(function(){
    assert.ok(!updateTriggered);
    done();
  }, 10);
});


text:
Bellator re-signs AJ McKee to multi-fight deal
May 11, 2019; Rosemont, IL, USA; A.J. McKee (red gloves) defeats Pat Curran (blue gloves) during Bellator 221 at Allstate Arena. Mandatory Credit: Jerry Lai-USA TODAY Sports
Today, Bellator MMA announced that they have re-signed one of the faces of their promotion in former featherweight champion AJ McKee (20-1). McKee was coming up on the end of his current deal and there had been speculation that he might test the open market.
However, Bellator and Scott Coker have made re-signing McKee a top priority and they were able to get the deal done. McKee has signed a multi-fight, multi-year deal per a press release from the promotion.
"Our top priority has always been to cultivate talent from the ground up, and with AJ I can proudly say we have witnessed this young man blossom into a bonafide superstar in the Bellator cage," said President Scott Coker.
"It's also our priority to retain top talent, and with AJ entering the prime of his career, it was important to make sure he continued representing the Bellator brand, much like he did recently in Japan, for the foreseeable future. I am looking forward to AJ's next challenge, an appearance in our 2023 Bellator Lightweight World Grand Prix, which showcases the best 155-pounders in the world."
Bellator and AJ McKee's Future
When I look at AJ McKee, I'm reminded so much of Michael Chandler. Early on in Chandler's career, there was so much speculation on if he would make the jump over to the UFC. Instead, Chandler built a massive name for himself under the Bellator banner. That is where he became one of the very best in the world.
AJ McKee could have easily jumped ship to the UFC upon entering the open market. However, he wanted to stay with Bellator and they made him a top priority. McKee is ready to move forward and is definitely going to be one of the faces of the promotion for the forseeable future.
As Coker said, McKee will now turn his attention to the Lightweight Grand Prix. It will be very fun to watch McKee take on the best lightweights in the promotion as he goes for a second world title.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
February 20, 2012 Erin WeirLeave a comment
Erin Weir
Drummond Misdiagnoses Ontario's Economy
The Harvard International Review has posted an interview with Don Drummond. I have posted the following response:
It is good Drummond confesses that his free-market policy prescriptions failed to improve productivity, but old habits apparently die hard: "We have an Employment Insurance scheme that basically dissuades people from going where the jobs are. We still have interprovincial trade barriers."
The University of Toronto's recent Mowat Centre EI Task Force concluded: "There is no evidence that regional variation in the unemployment insurance system has altered internal migration patterns in Canada in a substantial manner." Drummond is presumably familiar with the Task Force's research since he served on its advisory committee and endorsed its recommendations.
The only possible "interprovincial trade barrier" Drummond identifies throughout the interview is securities regulation. Towards the end, he acknowledges that "most of them have been eliminated by the provinces themselves. Even the security regulators in the provinces have more or less worked out a way to recognize each others' requirements."
Drummond also misdiagnoses Ontario's economy, denying that it has a large stock of unemployed labour: "if that were true, you would be seeing declines in wages. Yet wages have been increasing fairly firmly."
Over the past year, Ontario's average hourly wage rose 1%, compared to provincial inflation of 2.4%. So, wages are indeed declining in real terms. A more obvious measure – the provincial unemployment rate – also indicates a large stock of unemployed labour.
By boosting employment, Ontario could certainly grow faster than 2% in real terms. However, Drummond's prescription of extreme austerity will not help achieve that goal.
Erin Weir is an economist with the United Steelworkers union and a CCPA research associate.
CATEGORIES: Employment & Labour, Ontario
• The State of the Economy and Labour's Response
• EI Shrank by 100,000 in 2011
• EI Benefits Decline Amid Rising Unemployment
More Posts By:	Erin Weir
More People Chase Fewer Jobs
Canada's Job Market: Slower, Lower, Weaker
PotashCorp Projects Low Royalties


text:
trithisworldfitness, travel, Uncategorizedalps, Blog, cycling, Cycling the World, elevation, italy, ortler alps, Passo dello Stelvio, Passo Umbrail, stravaLeave a comment
The Passo dello Stelvio. Just wow. Standing high up in the alps at 2758m above sea level, this mountain is among the holy grail of climbs for cyclists across the world. A long and steady ascent with an average gradient of 7%, and impressive landscapes of the Bormio valley from the very moment you roll out of the door, makes it one of the most beautiful and challenging climbs one could do.
There's no questioning that it's hard word. 60 hairpin turns will keep you honest (48 of which are numbered on the most northern section – so best not to countdown ;)), as will a max. gradient of 12% and 1558 metres of elevation. The climb is 23 kilometres long from Bormio, which is where we began, and a single ascent will likely empty your tank and make you question your sanity. A double; – impressive, though perhaps just senseless?
And so the saying goes – 'if if doesn't challenge you, it doesn't change you.' There in the moment, in this beautiful corner, it was never really an option (for us) to not get totally wrapped up in the stupidity of doing two. Without doubt, it was the hardest day of cycling that I've ever done, yet the most scenic and memorable in more ways than one. Would I do it again? Definitely!
The Infamous Stelvio
Umbrail Pass Views
There had been a lot of chat about the Stelvio prior to the cycling camp commencing and we knew this would be a unique experience. The option to tackle the double ascent would involve climbing to the summit of the Stelvio (or just shy of) from the Bormio side, a descent into Prato, Switzerland and then a climb to the top again via the Passo Umbrail, and then a final decent home into Bormio. It would be a 100 kilometre day with 50 kilometres of climbing and 2684m of elevation gained at an average gradient of 7.5%. Phew.
We set off from the hotel at 9am and from that moment we were pretty much on our way up. It wasn't long before the group split and we had found our climbing buddies for the day.
From the get go, the ascent was picturesque. Like something you would see on the silver screen (because we had – James Bond amongst others, as well in every major cycling brands seasonal advertising campaign). The climb was a surreal mix of switchbacks, false flats, true flats and some welcomed downhills. For 23 kilometres to the top, we enjoyed views across the valley.
It took around 1.5 hours to reach the summit, averaging around 13 kilometres p/hr. The road was busy with other keen cyclists from throughout the world seeking similar thrills, as well luxury cars and motorbikes. In saying this, it was comfortable with plenty of room for all, and at times social, – a few 'ciaos' and some banter between breaths.
From where we ride.
Our support van met us at the turnoff to the descent into Switzerland. This was a short break to regroup with those keen for the double ascent (6 of us), to throw on some layers and to take in some fuel.
It was downhill time. What a treat. No climbing for a half hour or so, and stunning landscapes for the entirety; beautiful Brown Swiss cows wearing bells throughout the fields, rolling hills and snow-capped mountains, and quaint colourful country homes. However, as much as my legs enjoyed the rest whilst descending, I knew that whatever ground we covered, we would need to come back up…
What goes up must come down, & back up. Again.
After a quick pit stop in Prato for coffee and a few bites of a sandwich, we were straight back out there for the second ascent of the mountain. This time from the Swiss side, via the Umbrail Pass.
The Umbrail Pass sits right on the Swiss-Italian border and connects the village of Santa Maria, Switzerland with the Stelvio Pass road, as well Bormio, Italy. It's currently the highest paved road in Switzerland at 2501 metres.
13 kilometres, 35 hairpins and an average gradient of 8.5%; this mountain took me for everything I had. Having heavy legs probably had a lot to do with it, as well not taking in enough fuel in Prato, coupled with the beaming sun, – particularly in the early stages of the climb. This was without doubt the hardest climb I have cycled, and I would think that in terms of heading to 'dark places', this experience is on par with completing a couple of full distance Ironman events.
As soon as we left Prato around 12pm, the temperature was beginning to soar. It would have easily been 30+ degrees on the floor of the valley. For the initial stages of the climb, we cycled in the raw heat of the hot sun for what felt like forever; – perhaps 10kms.
A tunnel through the mountain provided instant relief for a short while, until we were reacquainted with the heat on the other side. This was going to be a tough afternoon. To help detract from those hurt locker feels were the impressive views of the snow-capped mountains and an eternity of greenery. Feeling incredibly small amongst the mass formations of these alps and their beauty, we continued to inch our way to the top. A friend had told us that the locals nicknamed the alps 'the massives', (pronounced with a beautiful Italian accent of course), which also suggests their feeling of minuteness within their vastness.
The kilometres ticked by, as did the hairpin markers. Slowly. When you look up to see there are 30+ hairpin turns until the top, it's not entirely encouraging. When you look down, there is the cliffs edge, that drops hundreds of metres below, lined with a single steel barrier. Comforting. However, that aside, we kept grinding… Sometimes as slow as 5km/hr and less. I remember thinking that I could easily outrun my moving speed on the bike, and there was no way in hell I would be collecting medals for my Strava trophy cabinet! 😉
Some hours later, we reached the top. For me, the feeling was just relief. I had nothing left and needed some moments to gather myself for the descent home. Whichever rock stars thought it would be a fabulous idea to offer bratwursts at the summit, kudos to them! What a treat to feel human again.
Careful to not get too cold, and mindful that the descents are quite the fresh roll home with the cool alpine air and wind against us, we didn't hang around for too long. 23 kilometres of descending with picturesque views once more, as we made our way back into Bormio.
It was a big day out to say the least. 5+ hours in the saddle and 3599 metres of elevation gained in one of the most beautiful corners of the world. Passo Umbrail, what a beast. I'd love to come back and beat it better a second time around!
Cycle Map
Elevation Analysis


The noise-canceling microphone makes your words heard by your teammate clearly, leading to smooth in-game communication, can pick up sounds with great sensitivity and remove the noise, which enables you clearly deliver or receive messages while you are in a game. Long flexible mic design very convenient to adjust angle of the microphone.
The over-ear design in order to better accommodate the massive audio driver and soft memory foam with bionic protein cushion coat ensure the headset to stay on your head without a hint of fatigue. can reduce hearing impairment and heat sweat. Skin friendly leather material for a longer period of wearing. desigend on the earcups to highlight game atmosphere.
High tensile strength, anti-winding braided USB cable with rotary volume controller and key microphone mute effectively prevents the long cable from twining and allows you to control the volume easily and mute the mic as effortless volume control one key mute.
MEMORY FOAM EAR CUP WITH BIONIC PROTEIN CUSHION COAT FOR MAXIMUM COMFY. ONIKUMA gaming headset does not hurt your ear at all. It is comfortable even after wearing it for a long time.


text:
Romeo Must Die
International action-star Jet Li ("Lethal Weapon 4") stars in this hi-octane thriller from the producer of blockbusters "The Matrix" and the "Lethal Weapon" franchise. While hunting down his brother's murderer, he falls in love with the daughter of a rival crime boss who is his prime suspect. A modern take on the classic "Romeo and Juliet" co-starring hip hop star Aaliyah Haughton (one of 1999 Teen People Magazine's "21 Hottest Stars Under 21"), Delroy Lindo ("Ransom," "The Cider House Rules"), Isaiah Washington ("Out of Sight") and rapper DMX.
Critics Consensus: In his second Hollywood movie, Jet Li impresses. Unfortunately, when he's not on screen, the movie slows to a crawl. Though there's some spark between Jet and Aaliyah, there isn't any threat of a fire. And as impressive as the action sequences are, some critics feel they are over-edited.
This hip-hop Romeo and Juliet is awful.
Russell Wong
DB Woodside
Andrzej Bartkowiak
Cradle 2 the Grave
Kiss of the Dragon
Unleashed (Unrated)


Discussion in 'The Phins Connection - Tailgating & More' started by Oghma, Sep 18, 2018.
So I'm going to my first ever Dolphins game in Miami this weekend (as a UK-based fan I've been to all the London games).
Wondering if anyone can help me out with tips for getting to the stadium? I'll have a rental car, but would prefer to avoid driving because beer. What's the public transport situation like?
We'll be staying in the Miami Beach area if that helps at all.
How as your trip to the stadium/experience?
Awesome, thanks. Would have preferred a game without so much "officiating", but glad we came out with the win.
Yea man that place was brutal with the orange seats and no shade. Now it's tolerable.


You might not believe it, but I swear I'm telling the truth about this: there are low carb chocolate cheesecake recipes that are so perfect, you won't realize they're not the real sugary thing.
Cheesecake as a solo act is amazing. Combined with chocolate, it might be enough to blow your mind, which is why we've been working hard to find some of the tastiest low carb chocolate cheesecake recipes to share with you. The best part of this compilation is that each recipe is low in carbohydrates without tasting like its low carb. That's a bit of magic in and of itself. You might want to try low carb brownie cheesecake by All Day I Dream About Food (We love it so much! It's one of our favorites for special occasions and celebrations.) Or maybe you're more in the mood for coffee chocolate mocha cheesecake from Low Carb Yum. Either way this low carb, chocolate cheesecake round up is exactly what you need when pondering which low carb chocolate cheesecake recipe to make. Do your best not to make them all at once!


text:
Atlantic Coast GPX Data
Atlantic Coast Digital Section 2
Lewis & Clark Section 1 GPX Data
Hartford, IL - Council Bluffs, IA (554.5 miles)
Section 1 of the Lewis & Clark Bicycle Trail begins near the 1803-04 winter encampment of the Corps of Discovery. In Missouri, 151 miles of this route is on the Katy Trail, a crushed limestone trail built on an abandoned railroad bed next to the river. If this surface is not to your liking, the Jefferson City Option offers a hilly, paved alternate reducing the number of miles on limestone. The route also uses the Steamboat Trace in Nebraska, another crushed limestone trail. The bustle of traffic of metropolitan Kansas City is avoided, but be prepared for hills whenever the route leaves the river valley. This section ends at the Iowa West Trailhead in Council Bluffs, a bicycling-friendly community with a network of cycling paths throughout the city.
Major funding for the Lewis & Clark Bicycle Trail has been provided by REI.
Lewis & Clark Section 1
Lewis and Clark: Omaha to Kansas City
Reviewed By: Martin Aboitiz on 8/11/22
The good: Route very well laid out, (I took the Hamburg option, which seems to be more interesting terrain). Very good road choices. The bad, now good: I spent two nights out and on both the info on on camping was wrong. Oh, it is fixed now that I double checked!: The River Inn Resort showed camping, but it only had a hotel, camping has been closed since 2019. Data was fixed last week. Phone number for camping reservations in MO state parks was also wrong and it has also been fixed, good job! Only phone numbers are shown, and phones are increasingly less useful, it would be good to add web links to each resource. A final overarching comment, I left the route to enter Kansas City, had to use Google Maps cycling directions. This is a big ask, but I am sure many would appreciate that each city show a a couple of suggested route options into the city from the ACA routes.


text:
P&G UGC
MOTHER'S DAY BEST ADVICE ANIMATION
Supersavvyme.co.uk connects P&G brands with millions of mums. The platform is aimed at 25 to 54 year olds women bringing together content commerce and community, it's updated weekly and has an email programme that sends out nine emails per month.
As part of the run up to mother's day 2014 we ran a competition to win tickets to see the hit west end musical Mamma Mia. Readers were asked to send in the best piece of advice their mothers had given them, these were shared on the site.
We picked the most popular answers and turned them into an animated film.
Agency / Proximity


Here are the deals that start 2/6 at H-E-B. There are some great deals available.
Nestle Candy Bars, 6 pk.
H-E-B Yellow Corn Tortillas, 20 ct.
Aleve Caplets, LiquidGels, or Tablets, 80 ct.
Energizer Max Batteries, AA or AAA 8 pk., C or D 4 pk., 9 Volt 2 pk.
Handi-Foil Cook-N-Carry Heart Pans & Lids, 2 pk.
Russet Potatoes, 5 lb, $1.27 ea.
Strawberries, 1 lb, $1.97 ea.
Chopped Nopalitios, 12 oz, $1.98 ea.


Writing a credit report dispute letter is not something that anyone wants to do. The thought of someone making a mistake in your credit file is disheartening and can make you lose faith in the system when it happens to you. However, the system is still based on human recordkeeping and can be prone to human error. People make mistakes and report things incorrectly from time to time. It is up to you to review your credit report and make sure that there are no discrepancies. Writing a credit dispute letter correctly is important if you want to get the issue resolved. Here are a few things that you should include when writing a credit dispute letter.
The first thing that you will want to include in your letter is your personal information. You will need to include your name, address and the last 4 or five digits of the account number in order to help creditor identify you. Do not offer your social security number or the complete account number to avoid identity theft. Be sure to include your home phone number so that they can contact with you more information.
Start out by telling them the facts about what took place. Tell them exactly what the problem is in plain English. You need to let them know exactly why it is wrong and why they should fix it for you. Do not let your emotions get the best of you. If you get angry and say rude things, they will probably not be willing to help you as much. Just explain in detail exactly what happened that is incorrect on your credit report.
Explain exactly what you would like them to do. If you want it completely removed from your report because it is clearly a case of mistaken identity, tell them this. If you just need a status changed, tell them that. Do not leave any area for vagueness or questions of clarity.
If you got this information off of your credit report, make a copy of the report and send it with the letter. Highlight or circle all of the areas that you are disputing so that they can see what you are seeing. Sometimes, they are looking at an updated report on their end and it can give them different information.
In addition to the copy of the report, send along any supporting documentation that you might have of your dispute. If you have financial statements that show that a company is in the wrong, do not be afraid to send them. If you have anything that helps your case, be sure to include it with the letter. The more you can sway them in your favor, the better chance you have of repairing your credit.


Last week Healthwatch Cornwall took part in a healthcare professional learning event 'Communication, Conversation and Choices at the End of Your Life' run by Elite3Consultancy. Representatives from across the health and care sector delved in to one of the most difficult subjects of all: death, dying and how to sensitively approach personal choices at end of life and beyond. Natalie Swann Healthwatch Cornwall Research Manager presented key findings from the end of life research undertaken in 2018. Natalie also shared the poignant story of Maggie Vale's experience with the care of her husband John at the end of his life. Maggie's story has become a vital source of reference within professional end of life education in the County.
Delegates took part in a thought-provoking exercise discovering their own techniques for conversation starters when approaching difficult discussions with patients, family and themselves as to their wishes when life draws to a close. Discussions were candid and moving, we talked: funeral music /end of life/parties/burials/organ donation and wills. A number of workshops followed on how to listen effectively and use the power of touch to communicate deep understanding and empathy. The day drew to a close having come to a shared understanding that as a society, we need to normalise conversations about death and dying. To better plan for our end of life is important, so that our experience of death and of those close to us, is as peaceful and cherished as possible.


text:
A new year of theater
Local theater companies prepare for an exciting 2002 season
By Adrienne Rice
The Fantasticks, opened May 3, 1960, with this original cast. Reno's Riverfront Theatre will bring it to local audiences beginning Jan. 11.
The holidays are over … finally. No more presents to wrap, nor trees to trim. But though you may be enjoying a much-needed post-holiday break, theater companies in Reno and Carson City are already gearing up for the 2002 season, which promises a diverse collection of old favorites and cutting-edge new productions.
Reno Little Theater gets the jump on the competition with a production of The Lion in Winter at 8 p.m. Jan. 4-5, 11-12 and 18-19, and at 2 p.m. Jan. 6, 13 and 20. Crossing Delancey will be performed in February, and All My Sons will follow in April. Tickets are $12 for general admission and $10 for students and seniors. Performances are held at the Wooster High School Little Theater, 1331 E. Plumb Lane. Call 329-0661.
Brüka Theatre will start 2002 with Marat/Sade, which depicts the Marquis de Sade directing a play while in an insane asylum. Performances are at 8 p.m. Jan. 18-19, 24-26 and 31 and Feb. 1-2, 7-9 and 14-16. A children's play titled The Three Wishes: Three Classic Fairytales Revisited will debut in April, followed by Long Day's Journey Into Night and an as yet unwritten Brüka original in May. Season tickets are $30-$125. Advance individual tickets are $12 for general admission and $10 for students; all tickets are $15 at the door. Call 323-3221.
Riverfront Theatre will tackle an ambitious 2002 season with five musicals, four comedies and a drama. It all starts with the musical The Fantasticks, which is slated to open Jan. 11, running Thursdays through Sundays until Feb. 3. It Had to Be You will open on Valentine's Day, followed by Moon Over Buffalo in late March and A Few Good Men in May. Season tickets are $150-$165 if purchased by Jan. 10, and all shows are performed at the new Riverfront location, 133 N. Virginia St. Call 323-7469.
Nevada Repertory Company will continue its trend of controversial and thought-provoking theater with The Laramie Project. The play portrays the emotions felt by the citizens of Laramie, Wyo., after the beating death of Matthew Shepard, a young gay man. Performances will be held at 7:30 p.m. March 8-9 and 13-16 and at 1:30 p.m. March 17. In April, Nevada Rep will close its spring season with The School for Scandal. Evening tickets are $15 for general admission and $14 for students and seniors; matinee tickets are $12. The plays will be staged in the Redfield Studio Theatre, inside the Church Fine Arts Complex at the University of Nevada, Reno. Call 784-6847.
Nevada Shakespeare Festival will present The Taming of the Shrew, The Tempest, The Three Musketeers and The Trojan Women this season, although specific show dates have not yet been confirmed. Season tickets are available, however, for $80-$100. Call 324-4198 or visit www.nevada-shakespeare.org for details.
BAC Stage Kids, the children's theater company at the Brewery Arts Center, has been hard at work on Once on This Island, an adaptation of the classic tale The Little Mermaid. Performances are at 7 p.m. Jan. 18 and 25 and at 2 p.m. Jan. 19-20 and 26-27. Tickets are $8 for general admission and $5 for students, seniors and BAC members. The BAC is at 449 W. King St. in Carson City. Call 883-1976.
More Arts&Culture » Theater Reviews
Pulling strings
Lady Hull and Allen Aston enjoy crafting costumes for many Reno theater gigs, but their deepest love is puppetry.
It's an OK life
The Riverfront Theatre's adaptation of It's a Wonderful Life suffers from technical problems and hit-or-miss performances.
Local actor Cameron Crain explores holiday spirit and patriotism with starring roles in two Christmas productions.
Sleepin' with the fishes
Small-town Texas humor isn't enough to carry the Actory's A Tuna Christmas.
You may repent later, but you'll love Brüka Theatre's newest production.


text:
CES 2017: Customized cruises
Shepherd Laughlin, 5 January 2017
Carnival has announced a wearable device to enhance the customer experience on its cruise ships.
In 2017, CES continues to reflect the expansion of technology into all sectors. A few years ago, few would have expected a travel brand like Carnival to be giving a keynote at CES, said Shawn DuBravac, chief economist of the Consumer Technology Association, during a briefing on overall industry trends. And yet, "digitization is changing the way we vacation," he said.
When Carnival CEO Arnold W. Donald takes the stage for his CES keynote, he'll focus on the new Ocean Medallion, a disc the size of a quarter designed to help the brand to take guest personalization to a new level.
The device, which can be worn as jewelry or discreetly pocketed, "uses a guest-centric, Internet of Things approach to enable guests to maximize their experiences in real time based on their choices and preferences," according to the company. The first ship to be fully outfitted with the new system will be Princess Cruises' Regal Princess in November 2017, with others to follow.
The Ocean Medallion, paired with an app called Ocean Compass, functions as a kind of digital concierge for guests. For example, servers at all dining locations could know in advance about a guest's dietary restrictions, favorite cocktails or wine preferences.
The app might also alert a guest of an upcoming activity based on their interests. An adventurous guest, for example, might be reminded to book a shore excursion such as kayaking or hiking, while a wine lover could be informed of an upcoming tasting.
Ocean Medallion Class cruise will debut on Princess Cruises' Regal Princess in November 2017
A network of 7,000 sensors throughout the ship enables these functions, as well as others such as easily locating friends and family. The medallion also allows guests to enter their rooms without the need to tap the device, pay for items throughout the ship without additional cards or money, and embark and debark more easily. For security, crew members can verify each guest's identity by referencing a photo that appears on their own screens along with each transaction.
With the Ocean Medallion, Carnival is betting that travelers' desire for personalization will outweigh concerns about security and intrusiveness. While the brand hasn't yet said much about advertising, the same kind of data used to tailor the guest experience could also be used to deliver targeted messages.
But the self-contained setting of a cruise, in which people are more relaxed than usual, may prove to be an ideal testing ground for this sort of user interaction. "As long as you benefit the guest, they don't mind sharing" personal information, John Padgett, chief experience and innovation officer at Carnival, told the New York Times.
Carnival's announcement doesn't only reflect the travel industry's growing affinity for technology; it also signals a shift in wearable tech. This year at CES, the wearable conversation about is no longer focused on the perennial "battle of the [fitness tracking] bands." Instead of vying for permanent wrist real estate, companies instead are creating innovative wearables for specific use cases.
For more, read our post on The Future of Festivals and Experience.
Images courtesy of Carnival Corporation
travel experience hospitality Internet of Things electronics
The Future 100: 2020
Our annual forecast of 100 trends to watch in the coming year.
CES 2020: Consumer Experience Show
Experiences and electronics come together at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES).
CES 2020: Woven City
Toyota is engineering the urban infrastructure of the future.


Box purse screen printed with symbols of Texas (longhorn steer, The Alamo, cowboy boot, oil rigs, map) and a large anthropomorphic sun. Sun, boot and steer's eyes are embellished with Topaz jewels. Faux-gold coins decorate a field of oil rigs and stars. Black and metallic-gold screen printing on dark-toned wood. Black vinyl handle. "texicana 2" screen-printed in lower left of front panel. One of several variations Collins made on this theme.
Reg. no. GP33650; 06/01/1962; "Derricks, sun & other symbols"
One of several variations on the Texas riches theme.


text:
import sys
import os
import re
import binascii
#Adding directory to the path where Python searches for modules
cmd_folder = os.path.dirname('/home/arvind/Documents/Me/My_Projects/Git/Crypto/modules/')
sys.path.insert(0, cmd_folder)

#Importing common crypto module
import block

def process_and_decrypt_string(encrypted_tampered):
    admin_string= ';admin=true;'
    key=   '0x71e6efcfb44e362b6e14f7abbecf5503'
    key_in_binary= binascii.a2b_hex(key[2:])
    iv= '0x29b28d9f2f56c07a8df1778d7408ba79'
    iv_in_binary=  binascii.a2b_hex(iv[2:])

    decrypted_tampered= block.openssl_cbc_decrypt(encrypted_tampered, key_in_binary, iv)
    m1= re.search(admin_string, decrypted_tampered)
    if m1:
        return decrypted_tampered, True
    else:
        return decrypted_tampered, False

def process_and_encrypt_string(prepended_text, userdata, appended_text):
    block_size= 16
    key=   '0x71e6efcfb44e362b6e14f7abbecf5503'
    key_in_binary= binascii.a2b_hex(key[2:])
    iv= '0x29b28d9f2f56c07a8df1778d7408ba79'
    iv_in_binary=  binascii.a2b_hex(iv[2:])

    chars_to_filter= [';','=']
    userdata= block.eat_chars(userdata, chars_to_filter)

    final_str= prepended_text+userdata+appended_text
    padded_final_str= block.pad_block(final_str,block_size)

    encrypted= block.openssl_cbc_encrypt(padded_final_str, block_size, key_in_binary, iv)

    #Try destroying specific bytes here. Since ; and = are both swallowed up you need to corrupt 2 corresponding bytes in the previous block.
    encrypted_tampered = {}

    '''
    #This bit is useful don't delete it. Uncomment it when you still haven't found out which exact character you need for your solution.
    for i in range(0,256):
        encrypted_tampered[i]= encrypted[0:32]+chr(i)+encrypted[33:38]+chr(i)+encrypted[39:]
    '''
    encrypted_tampered= encrypted[0:32]+chr(117)+encrypted[33:38]+chr(116)+encrypted[39:]
    return encrypted_tampered

if __name__ == "__main__":
    userdata= 'testy stringteddX;adminXtrue'
    prepended_text= 'comment1=cooking%20MCs;userdata='
    appended_text = ';comment2=%20like%20a%20pound%20of%20bacon'

    encrypted_tampered= process_and_encrypt_string(prepended_text, userdata, appended_text)

    decrypted_tampered,is_admin_string_present= process_and_decrypt_string(encrypted_tampered)
    t1= []
    for j in range(0,len(decrypted_tampered)):
        t1.append(decrypted_tampered[j])
        if len(t1) % 16 == 0:
            print ''.join(t1)
            t1= []
        else:
            continue

    '''
    #This bit is useful don't delete it. Uncomment it when you still haven't found out which exact character you need for your solution.

    t1= []
    for i in range(0,256):
        decrypted_tampered, is_admin_string_present= process_and_decrypt_string(encrypted_tampered[i])
        if decrypted_tampered[48] == ';':
            print "Key for ; is:","\t",i
            print '-'*100
            for j in range(0,len(decrypted_tampered)):
                t1.append(decrypted_tampered[j])
                if len(t1) % 16 == 0:
                    print ''.join(t1)
                    t1= []
                else:
                    continue
            break

    for i in range(0,256):
        decrypted_tampered, is_admin_string_present= process_and_decrypt_string(encrypted_tampered[i])
        if decrypted_tampered[54] == '=':
            print "Key for ; is:","\t",i
            print '-'*100
            for j in range(0,len(decrypted_tampered)):
                t1.append(decrypted_tampered[j])
                if len(t1) % 16 == 0:
                    print ''.join(t1)
                    t1= []
                else:
                    continue
            break
    '''

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


1. What are some password basics?
Most accounts on a computer system usually have some method of restricting access to that account, usually in the form of a password. When accessing the system, the user has to present a valid ID to use the system, followed by a password to use the account. Most systems either do not echo the password back on the screen as it is typed, or they print an asterisk in place of the real character.
On most systems,the password is typically ran through some type of algorithm to generate a hash. The hash is usually more than just a scrambled version of the original text that made up the password, it is usually a one-way hash. The one-way hash is a string of characters that cannot be reversed into its original text. You see, most systems do not "decrypt" the stored password during authentication, they store the one-way hash. During the login process, you supply an account and password. The password is ran through an algorithm that generates a one-way hash. This hash is compared to the hash stored on the system. If they are the same, it is assumed the proper password was supplied.
Cryptographically speaking, some algorithms are better than others at generating a one-way hash. The main operating systems we are covering here — NT, Netware, and Unix — all use an algorithm that has been made publically available and has been scrutinized to some degree.
To crack a password requires getting a copy of the one-way hash stored on the server, and then using the algorithm generate your own hash until you get a match. When you get a match, whatever word you used to generate your hash will allow you to log into that system. Since this can be rather time-consuming, automation is typically used. There are freeware password crackers available for NT, Netware, and Unix.
2. Why protect the hashes?
If the one-way hashes are not the password itself but a mathematical derivative, why should they be protected? Well, since the algorithm is already known, a password cracker could be used to simply encrypt the possible passwords and compare the one-way hashes until you get a match. There are two types of approaches to this — dictionary and brute force.
Usually the hashes are stored in a part of the system that has extra security to limit access from potential crackers.
3. What is a dictionary password cracker?
A dictionary password cracker simply takes a list of dictionary words, and one at a time encrypts them to see if they encrypt to the one way hash from the system. If the hashes are equal, the password is considered cracked, and the word tried from the dictionary list is the password.
Some of these dictionary crackers can "manipulate" each word in the wordlist by using filters. These rules/filters allow you to change "idiot" to "1d10t" and other advanced variations to get the most from a word list. The best known of these mutation filters are the rules that come with Crack (for Unix). These filtering rules are so popular they have been ported over to cracking software for NT.
If your dictionary cracker does not have manipulation rules, you can "pre-treat" the wordlist. There are plenty of wordlist manipulation tools that allow all kinds of ways to filter, expand, and alter wordlists. With a little careful planning, you can turn a small collection of wordlists into a very large and thorough list for dictionary crackers without those fancy word manipulations built in.
4. What is a brute force password cracker?
A brute force cracker simply tries all possible passwords until it gets the password. From a cracker perspective, this is usually very time consuming. However, given enough time and CPU power, the password eventually gets cracked.
Most modern brute force crackers allow a number of options to be specified, such as maximum password length or characters to brute force with.
5. Which method is best for cracking?
It really depends on your goal, the cracking software you have, and the operating system you are trying to crack. Let's go through several scenarios.
If you remotely retrieved the password file through some system bug, your goal may be to simply get logged into that system. With the password file, you now have the user accounts and the hashes. A dictionary attack seems like the quickest method, as you may simply want access to the box. This is typical if you have a method of leveraging basic access to gain god status.
If you already have basic access and used this access to get the password file, maybe you have a particular account you wish to crack. While a couple of swipes with a dictionary cracker might help, brute force may be the way to go.
If your cracking software does both dictionary and brute force, and both are quite slow, you may just wish to kick off a brute force attack and then go about your day. By all means, we recommend a dictionary attack with a pre-treated wordlist first, followed up by brute force only on the accounts you really want the password to.
You should pre-treat your wordlists if the machine you are going to be cracking from bottlenecks more at the CPU than at the disk controller. For example, some slower computers with extremely fast drives make good candidates for large pre-treated wordlists, but if you have the CPU cycles to spare you might want to let the cracking program's manipulation filters do their thing.
A lot of serious hackers have a large wordlist in both regular and pre-treated form to accommodate either need.
6. What is a salt?
Historically, the way cracking has been done is to take a potential password, encrypt it and produce the hash, and then compare the result to each account in the password file. By adding a salt, you force the cracker to have to read the salt in and encrypt the potential password with each salt present in the password file. This increases the amount of time to break all of the passwords, although it is certainly no guarantee that the passwords can't be cracked. Because of this most modern password crackers when dealing with salts do give the option of checking a specific account.
7. What are the dangers of cracking passwords?
The dangers are quite simple, and quite real. If you are caught with a password file you do not have legitimate access to, you are technically in possession of stolen property in the eyes of the law. For this reason, some hackers like to run the cracking on someone else's systems, thereby limiting their liability. I would only recommend doing this on a system you have a legitimate or well-established account on if you wish to keep a good eye on things, but perhaps have a way of running the cracking software under a different account than your own. This way, if the cracking is discovered (as it often is — cracking is fairly CPU-intensive), it looks to belong to someone else. Obviously, you would want to run this under system adminstrator priviledges as you may have a bit more control, such as assigning lower priority to the cracking software, and hiding the results (making it less obvious to the real administrator).
Being on a system you have legit access to also allows you better access to check on the progress. Of course, if it is known you are a hacker, you'll still be the first to be blamed whether the cracking software is yours or not!
Running the cracking software in the privacy of your own home has the advantage of allowing you to throw any and all computing power you have at your disposal at a password, but if caught (say you get raided) then there is little doubt whose cracking job is running. However, there are a couple of things you can do to protect yourself: encrypt your files. Only decrypt them when you are viewing them, and wipe and/or encrypt them back after you are done viewing them.
8. Is there any way I can open a password-protected Microsoft Office document?
Im planning to make another way to do this.


text:
Ядерное нераспространение
Middle East WMDFZ
Military Nuclear Programs
Nuclear program of India
Nuclear Program of Pakistan
Nuclear Program of Russia
Nuclear Program of the USA
Nuclear Program of DPRK
Nuclear Program of China
Nuclear program of Israel
Nuclear program of France
Nuclear program of the UK
Nuclear security
Nuclear Energy Sector
Middle East Nuclear Energy Sector
Information Security and Internet Governance
Russian Military Reform
Russian Foreign Policy
Russia-NATO
Russia-USA
Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
European Security
Conventional Weapons
PIR Center
Education and Training Program
PIR Center Summer School
Participants of the 2012 Summer School
Lecturers of 2012 Summer School
Centre russe d'etudes politiques
PIR Center partners
Seliger
International Relations System
International Security Index iSi
Reviews of World Events
iSi Dynamics
Trialogue club
Russia Confidential
Cybersecurity of Nuclear Facilities
NP.RU
The Security Index Occasional Paper Series came out with the new report "Russia's nonproliferation policy and global strategic stability" by Sergey Ryabkov
In his paper provided exclusively for PIR Center, Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergey Ryabkov expresses Russia's position on topical issues of global security and notes the most important obstacles to disarmament and nonproliferation. The author touches upon Russia-U.S. relations in the strategic stability domain and highlights the most pressing challenges to the nuclear nonproliferation regime. Despite enormous difficulties and challenges in this field, H.E. Ryabkov expresses cautious optimism about the future, hoping for pragmatism and willingness to seek balanced and mutually acceptable solutions to the problems of nuclear nonproliferation and global security to prevail at the NPT Review Conference and during the Russia-U.S. strategic stability dialogue.
Sergey Ryabkov met with students online
Deputy Foreign Affairs Minister of the Russian Federation Sergey Ryabkov met with students online.
The Security Index Occasional Paper Series came out with the report "Through Equality and Consensus to Lasting Global Security" by Sergey Ryabkov
This article examines the new trends emerging in the Russian Federation's foreign policy under the conditions of extreme ideologization, militarization of international relations and consistent destruction of the arms control system. The author analyzes the main directions of Russian-American relations at the present stage and elaborates a roadmap which, when implemented in practice, should result in an effective transformation of the concept of deterrence and restore strategic stability.
Sergey Ryabkov visited the PIR Center School
"It is always a pleasure for me to participate in the PIR Center School, I think it is the best format in terms of rich discussions on topical issues of international agenda that directly relate to our country's position in the world", ‒ Sergey Ryabkov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.
PIR Center publishes the presentation "Russia's vision for arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation" by Sergey Ryabkov
"Russia's vision of arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation issues remains in fact very conventional. It is pragmatic and realistic. We do not feel "constrained by traditional formats and diplomatic protocol". On the contrary, we strongly believe that in many cases using proven formats and keeping to well-established diplomatic routine is the best way to address and resolve outstanding international issues of today and tomorrow. From our point of view, this "traditionalist" – or maybe "no-nonsense" – approach might be helpful for preventing turning serious and solution-oriented professional discussions aimed at achieving substantive results into road-shows with uncertain purpose, random participation and no clear mandate", – Sergey Ryabkov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.
Russian Deputy Foreign Minister Sergey Ryabkov for PIR Center "Open Collar" Project
"Get in your favourite car and drive, wherever the road takes you", – Sergey Ryabkov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.
500th Issue of Yaderny Kontrol Bulletin is Out, Dedicated to NPT's 50th Anniversary
"The NPT is the foundation of our life. It is the most important contemporary international treaty. There is just no treaty more important than the NPT. We must fight for this treaty at all costs; we are doomed without it. We must talk more about the NPT so that everybody knows about it," – Ambassador Roland Timerbaev, PIR Center Advisory Board Member, one of the negotiators of the NPT.
New Issue of Security Index Journal
In the new thematic issue of the Security Index Journal "New technologies and challenges to global security" — interview with Deputy Foreign Minister of Russia Sergey Ryabkov on Russia-U.S. relations, and interview with Deputy CEO of Rosatom company Sergey Saveliev on the safety of the space activity, materials of the round table on regulations of lethal autonomous weapons systems (LAWS), PIR Center's report on the problematic of a cybersecurity of nuclear objects, article by the Director and Vice-Director of Kurchatov institute on the possibilities and threats coming from nature-like technologies, article by the Director of UNIDIR Jarmo Sareva on the influence of the new technologies on the strategic stability, commentary from Vladimir Legoyda on the relations between religion, science and technology.
Sergey Ryabkov: «Let's not be driven by false illusions – that is my point. Let's be considered, and focused, judge not by words, but by actions and work constructively»
«Let's not be driven by false illusions – that is my point. Let's be considered, and focused, judge not by words, but by actions and work constructively», — Sergey Ryabkov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation.
Sergey Ryabkov gave a keynote speech at the Trialogue Club International meeting
"This relationship is efficient and effective and I hope in the future to participate in these activities, and I hope that this is going to be useful for the PIR community in general" - Sergei A. Ryabkov, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation
(1-10/33) < Previous | 1 | 2 | 3 | Next >


Radiograph Kitty is 1 of 8 Hello Kitty designs created by the Tokyo based design house nendo This design features an x-ray image of Hello Kitty's skeleton. Are you surprised by Hello Kitty's internals?
Although this hoodie was designed to appeal to the male audience, it can be worn by anyone. On the outside of the sweatshirt, you'll find the subtle image of Radiograph Kitty on the left sleeve. On the inside lining of the hood, Radiograph Kitty is camouflaged amongst paisley and skeletal flowers.


text:
2 Corinthians >
Reading through 2 Corinthians
The Address ( 1, 1–7 )
In the address Paul names Timothy as co‐author. Timothy and Titus ( 2, 13; 7, 6; 8, 16.23; see also Gal 2, 1 ) were apparently more trusted by the Corinthians than Paul himself. Timothy is not named again in 2 Corinthians although some suppose he is the unnamed "brother" who accompanies Titus with the collection. Luke tells us that Timothy was a faithful companion of Paul, especially on the second and third missionary journeys (see "The Pastoral Letters," RG 486–7 ).
The greeting includes a doxology or prayer glorifying and praising God whose "encouragement" is strength in affliction (see 2 Cor 1, 3–4 ). This encouragement (paraklesis) in noun or verbal form occurs ten times in five verses, 3 through 7. This addition gives us a hint as to the overriding mood of 2 Corinthians. Paul and the Corinthians have experienced much misunderstanding, but Paul wants to move on to great consolation. Transcending all the pain is the certainty of God's presence with them and Paul's confidence that God is at work in their lives.
The Body of the Letter ( 1, 8–13, 10 )
The message of 2 Corinthians is developed in three main parts: (A) In the first part ( 1, 8–7, 16 ), Paul reviews his past relationship with the Corinthians; (B) Chapters 8 and 9 form a second part in which Paul develops a theology of giving, speaking of the collection among the Gentiles and specifically of the generosity of the Corinthians as a symbol of the fruitfulness of the Gentile mission; (A') In the third part, 10, 1–13, 10 , Paul revisits topics he raised in the first part and returns to the theme of his credentials as an apostle, accenting his own weakness and the call of God. It is here that Paul develops a theology of suffering, speaking candidly and with great feeling about his own experience of the grace of God. Many in the history of Christianity have seen in these chapters a spiritual reality by which they are helped to interpret their own personal experience of God: "My grace is sufficient for you, for power is made perfect in weakness" ( 12, 9 ). We can read through these three parts of the body of 2 Corinthians, reflecting on the relevance of this composite letter for our own experience as Christians.
The Crisis between Paul and the Corinthians ( 1, 8–7, 16 )
The relationship between Paul and the Corinthians seems to have been marked by crisis. This is evident in both 1 and 2 Corinthians. We shall focus now on the problems Paul mentions in the first part of 2 Corinthians. The apostle first reviews his past relationship with the Corinthians and then his ministry with them. Paul mentions several instances of mistrust and tension between himself and the Corinthians in his review of their past relationship.
Past Difficulties and Relationships ( 1, 8–2, 13 )
First, Paul reviews the difficulties he had in "Asia," meaning the Roman province that covered the western part of Asia Minor. He probably alludes to Ephesus, where because of this and 1 Corinthians 15, 32 many scholars think he endured an imprisonment not recorded in Acts. Paul then focuses on several areas‐a change of plans and the Corinthians' subsequent accusation of inconstancy and lack of sincerity; his confrontation with an offending member of the community and his plea for leniency in the punishment of this person whom he has forgiven; and Paul's anxiety about the lack of information about the Corinthians from Titus. Paul appears frustrated at the apparent lack of communication, sympathy, and confidence. The factions that were mentioned in 1 Corinthians could have made a simple change of mind such as this a source of strife. Paul's detractors accused him of being unreliable.
Paul appeals to God's own fidelity as part of his response ( 1, 18 ), showing that his word is sincere and his care constant. Yet he decided to change his plans in view of the recent painful letter ( 2, 4 ) that he had found it necessary to write to the Corinthians. He postponed a promised visit only to give time for healing ( 2, 1–4 ). With sufficient reflection Paul is confident that the Corinthians would realize the abundant love he has for them ( 2, 4 ).
Apparently someone in the community publicly offended Paul ( 2, 5–11 ), though the nature of the offense remains obscure. As in 1 Corinthians 5, Paul advocates a judgment not by outsiders but within the church. The action by the majority was acceptable and judged sufficient by Paul. In the case of the incestuous man of 1 Corinthians, he recommended expulsion from the church (see 1 Cor 5, 2.4–5 ). But in 2 Corinthians 2, 5–11 Paul says that the time has come for forgiveness and reintegration lest Satan be granted a victory in the offender. Like many other biblical writers Paul sees the world as an arena where the conflict between good and evil forces is ongoing, each vying for human allegiance. The church is entrusted with the "ministry of reconciliation" as Paul describes it in 2 Corinthians 5, 11–16 . The forgiveness of the one who offended Paul is a specific example of that ministry in practice.
In 2, 12–13 Paul mentions the anguish he felt at his inability to find Titus and receive news about the Corinthians. This anxiety is a further indication of Paul's sincere affection for the Corinthians. In 1, 12–24 he defends his change of plans and insists on his anxious concern for the Corinthians. It would seem that this was written before Paul received the happy news from Titus described in 7, 5–16 .
Paul's Ministry ( 2, 14–7, 4 )
Paul interrupts his review of the events that troubled his relationship to the Corinthians in order to describe in more general theological terms his apostolic ministry. Within the overall A‐B‐A' structure of 2 Corinthians we see subsections like 1, 12–7, 16 also exhibiting this same pattern. In this instance, 2, 14–7, 4 (B), describing Paul's ministry, is framed by, and grounds theologically, the practical and painful experience of Paul's relationship with the community described in 1, 12–2, 13 (A) and 7, 5–16 (A'). Paul's description of his ministry develops several important themes:
the new covenant enacted by Christ ( 3, 1–18 ); the paradox of the ministry: strength in weakness ( 4, 1–18 ); the ministry of reconciliation entrusted to them ( 5, 1–21 ).
This description begins ( 2, 14–17 ) and ends ( 7, 2–4 ) with expressions of confidence in God and in the Corinthians. We will briefly discuss each of the three Pauline themes.
The New Covenant Enacted by Christ ( 3, 1–18 ). Here, Paul's reasoning is based on the Old Testament passages and on one of his favorite contrasts, between spirit and flesh (see Rom 8, 1–10; Gal 2, 3; 5, 17–23 ). It exemplifies the method taught him in his biblical training, taking several passages from different sources and combining them to produce a new conclusion. Jeremiah's promise of a "new covenant" ( 31, 31–34 ) is combined with Ezekiel's prophecy of God's promise to replace human hearts of stone with hearts of flesh and to give a covenant in the spirit (Ez 36, 26–36 ). Exodus 34 described the relationship between God and Moses as so glorious that Moses had to come down from Mount Sinai with a veil covering his head lest the Israelites die at the sight of his glowing face (Ex 34, 33–35 ). These passages from the Prophets and the Law provide the scriptural basis for Paul's argument that the ministry (diakonia) of the new covenant, to which Paul is devoted, is superior to that of Moses. Using the familiar rhetorical method from lesser to greater, Paul argues that if Moses' covenant was so spectacular yet was still written on stone and in hearts of flesh, how much greater is Christ's covenant, which is the fulfillment of the prophetic promise of the Spirit!
Paul contrasts the Mosaic covenant written "in ink" or "on stone" with the "new covenant" written by the "Spirit" on "hearts of flesh." In the process he uses the phrase "old covenant" (2 Cor 3, 14 ), the only instance of this expression in the Scriptures. This "old" covenant was that enacted by God with Moses. Jeremiah and Ezekiel had spoken of a new enactment of the covenant reality, in which intimate access to God would be realized. Paul picks up this theme to write that this promise of a "new covenant" is realized in the work of Jesus. The difference between the covenants illustrates the contrast between Moses and Christ, and indicates the superiority of the covenant in Christ. Paul and the Corinthians are ministers or agents (diakonoi) of the new covenant that brings life and the Spirit. In the last part of the passage, he switches the image of the veil to apply it not as a protection on Moses' face to prevent injury to the people but as an obstacle to clear vision, now upon the faces of those who are unable to see the glory of the new covenant in Jesus ( 3, 14–18 ). Christian readers today should remember that Paul was working within the Jewish context of biblical interpretation to work in a new way with familiar texts and images. While his message was definitely that a new thing had been done in Christ that would fully include the Gentiles, he was not drawing a contrast between an old Jewish covenant, now obsolete, and a new Christian covenant that would replace it. Rather, he wanted new Gentile members of the church to realize their debt to our Jewish brothers and sisters for the spiritual heritage they preserved and which we share with them. The Old Testament Scriptures continue to provide a fertile field for mutual reflection and understanding among Christians and Jews.
The Paradox of the Ministry: Strength in Weakness ( 4, 1–18 ). Even though Paul is a minister of this great new covenant, he knows that the glory is God's, not his, and that the mystery of reception in faith is not within his control. He expresses the weakness and fragility of this ministry by the familiar image: "We hold this treasure in earthen vessels" ( 4, 7 ), a poetic translation of meaning that could be said more prosaically: "We hold these treasures in clay pots," as a reminder that the power is from God, not from human agents. Paul recalls the price to be paid: "We are afflicted in every way… perplexed…persecuted…constantly being given up to death for the sake of Jesus" ( 4, 8–11 ). But Paul continuously alludes to God as the source of his own hope, confidence, and power.
Grace is given in greater and greater abundance through the mystery of Christ for the glory of God. Even while they experience diminishment of their "outer self," the "inner self" grows stronger. The afflictions they experience are passing, but the invisible power of God is what lasts forever.
The Ministry of Reconciliation ( 5, 1–21 ). Throughout 2 Corinthians 2, 14–7, 4 Paul wrestles with the redemptive aspects of suffering for the sake of the Christian message. This aspect has several implications: first, the negative is not overwhelming; rather, there is always some experience of rescue or salvation. Second, the experience of suffering ends not with the apostle but redounds to the good of the community and, beyond the community, relates to the will of God. Third, for Paul, redemption effects a radical change in believers, taking them out of a particular sinful mode of existence and introducing them into another mode of reality that is in Christ. Fourth and finally, Paul and the Corinthians, like all ministers of the gospel, are involved in the ministry of reconciliation of the whole world to God.
Earthly existence is fraught with difficulties. In Paul's words, we "groan and are weighed down" ( 5, 4 ) by the difficulties of human existence and of fidelity to the work entrusted to us. We are longing to be covered not with a "tent" but with a heavenly dwelling not made with human hands. We walk by faith ( 5, 7 ), trying to please the Lord by whom, in the end, we will be judged ( 5, 10 ) not only on our own deeds but also on the effect of those deeds on others' actions. Catholic interpretation has always emphasized the communal responsibility or the obligations believers have toward others. Paul goes on to explain in the remainder of chapter 5 (vv. 11–21) that Christ's work is a ministry of reconciling the world to God. But that work is not finished once and for all. Through Christ we have been given the astounding mission and responsibility of carrying on that work of reconciliation ( 5, 17–20 ). In this context, Paul pleads with the Corinthians to be reconciled with God and thus, implicitly, with him.
Resolution of the Crisis ( 7, 5–16 )
Paul returns to the concrete situation in Corinth, alluding to his anguished wait until he encountered Titus. Paul's representative, Titus, had now furnished good news about the Corinthians' reception of Paul's difficult letter ( 2, 4 and 7, 8 ), which some argue is actually chapters 10 through 12 of the present letter. Now the conflict between Paul and the Corinthians was apparently resolved. Paul's exuberant gratitude overshadows all of the former sadness and anxiety. It appears as though all is completely restored, and there is no more reason for concern.
If we have been reading along with Paul, we have noted that some of the problems that afflict our church were present in the experience of the earliest Christians. Paul was an itinerant preacher who normally traveled from community to community preaching the gospel. But Paul lived among the Corinthians longer than with any other community (eighteen months [Acts 18, 11 ]). He invested enormous energy in this community and could not be indifferent to their problems and questions and mistakes. No one can doubt that this is a problematic relationship, yet it was not severed. The deliberate rhetorical contrast in this letter is between the apparently conflicting data of 2 Corinthians 1, 12–7, 16 : the lofty statements about the ministry of the new covenant as well as the insinuations of distrust, discouragement, and anxiety between apostle and community. Paul describes the Christian ministry as a ministry of reconciliation, but he also reminds us of the fragility of the human agents, as earthen vessels holding the treasure. All the hardships are apparently forgotten in Paul's exuberant conclusion: "I rejoice, because I have confidence in you in every respect" ( 7, 16 ).
The Collection for Jerusalem ( 8, 1–9, 15 )
Chapters 8 and 9 appear originally to have been two independent "fund‐raising letters" on the importance of a generous and substantial offering to the Jerusalem church. This collection for Jerusalem presumably was the condition for acceptance there of Paul's mission to the Gentiles in Gal 2, 10 . Jerusalem may have been a collection center for distribution of relief to other churches of Palestine and Syria. This collection is important because it represents the full participation of the Gentile Christians in the community of the new Israel, the Church. On the one hand Paul encourages the Corinthians to give generously, seeing this request as a "test [of] the genuineness of your love by your concern for others" ( 8, 8 ). On the other hand Paul will see the acceptance of the Gentiles' offering as evidence of the Jewish Christians', and specifically of the Jerusalem church's, willingness to accept the Gentile mission (Rom 15, 22–33 ).
Paul uses the tactic of creating competition among the Gentile churches. He encourages the Corinthians to give as generously as the Macedonians (Philippi and Thessalonica), who were generous even when they themselves were "tested by affliction" ( 8, 2 ). But in 9, 2 Paul claims that he has boasted of the Corinthians' generosity to the Macedonians. In Romans he says that both the Achaians (the Corinthians) and the Macedonians were only too happy to contribute because they understood it as their obligation (Rom 15, 27 ). The Gentiles were "indebted" to the mother church in Jerusalem and to the other Jewish Christian churches whose spiritual heritage they shared. The language of wealth and poverty in these passages is rhetorical and should not be taken as economic indicators. At the end of the chapter Paul speaks of envoys or messengers from and to the churches, among whom is Titus. The others are unnamed but probably known to the recipients of the letter. They are in fact called "apostles" of the churches ( 8, 23 ). Along with this title applied to Epaphroditus in Philippians 2, 25 and to Andronicus and Junia in Romans 16, 7 , it indicates that the title of apostle was held by many in the Pauline churches.
Paul begins chapter 9 as if he has not written chapter 8 . Although he has just encouraged generosity in the collection, he says in 9, 1 , "It is superfluous for me to write to you" about the collection. There are many other ideas repeated in chapter 9 that were raised in chapter 8 . It would be very strange for Paul to say the difficult things he says to the Corinthians before and after these chapters and even deal with their accusations against him (chapter 10 ), while here in the middle asking them for money! These arguments, and the apparent independence of these chapters not only from each other but also from the context of the rest of the letter, prompt many interpreters to consider them as originally separate letters or letter fragments. For us, however, they represent a crucial example of the importance of Paul's role as apostle to the Corinthians. This is the role he reviewed in chapters 1 through 7 and ardently defends in chapters 10 through 13 , to which we now turn.
Paul's Defense of His Ministry ( 10, 1–13, 10 )
In the course of defending his ministry again, Paul can be seen following the A‐B‐A' pattern, by which he introduced arguments in 10, 1–18 (A), which he will continue in a concluding section in 12, 19–13, 10 (A'). Between these he interjects 11, l—12, 18 (B), his own experience with the Corinthians and his sufferings as an apostle. Thus Paul's development includes responses to accusations that continue among the Corinthians: he is weak ( 10, l–2 ), not an eloquent speaker ( 10, 10 ), not supported by the community ( 11, 7–10 ). Paul reminds the Corinthians at the beginning ( 10, 2.11 ) and end ( 12, 20–13, 2.10 ) that he intends to visit them soon and deal with such issues in person. In the midst of his responses to charges, Paul develops in a famous and memorable passage ( 11, 1–12, 18 ) his own lived theology of the cross.
Paul's Response ( 10, 1–18; 12, 19–13, 10 )
Paul's impatient tone in chapters 10 through 13 suggests that he has already dealt with their accusations against him, and they ought to have been laid to rest. The Corinthians appear to be elitists, perceiving themselves to be superior in knowledge and gravitating toward those they suppose possess superior gifts. These include eloquence and an impressive appearance. Some of the Corinthians apparently favored Apollos' eloquence over the "contemptible speech" of Paul (see 1 Cor 3, 4–5; 4, 6–7 ). They noted Peter's freedom, his authority, the fact that he accepts support from the community (see 1 Cor 9, 6 ), and challenged Paul's reasons for refusing community support. Apparently the Corinthians are affronted by Paul's refusal to accept their patronage and continue to see Paul's forfeiture of this "apostolic right" to support as an admission that Paul is not of the same stature as Peter.
The Corinthians' complaint that Paul is an impressive writer but that his presence is disappointing ( 10, 1.10 ) is arrogant but perhaps speaks a truth that led him to rely so strongly on the written word. Oratory was highly prized; perhaps Paul did not measure up to expectations in that regard. In response, Paul warned that he was empowered by Christ to "act boldly." He would use spiritual weapons to subdue in the end every enemy and disobedient thought in all to make all things subject to Christ ( 10, 2–6 ). Paul warned the Corinthians against false pride and conceits and jealousies. He had earlier told the Corinthians to decide whether he came peacefully or "with a rod" (1 Cor 4, 21 ). Now he promises to visit again soon and warns that he shall not be lenient with them ( 13, 1–10 ). The Corinthians should examine themselves and see whether Christ is in them. For his part Paul is confident that Christ is with him. This warning tone is difficult to imagine in the same letter with and following the reconciling tone of 7, 5–10 .
Paul Boasts of His Labors and His Weakness ( 11, 1–12, 18 )
Since the Corinthians are attracted by knowledge, Paul proposes to speak of "foolishness," and asks their indulgence. Remember that in 1 Corinthians 1–3 Paul described the wisdom of God as folly for humans and added that God confounds the wise with the wisdom of the cross. In this section of 2 Corinthians, Paul talks about the role of the cross in his own life.
Again, it is Paul's opponents who draw out this vehement testimony about the source of his authority. There are those Paul sarcastically calls the "superapostles" ( 11, 5 ), with the same tone with which one might say "supermouse" or "superrabbit"; a few verses later, they are labeled for what Paul really thinks of them, as "false apostles" ( 11, 13; see the "false brothers" of Gal 2, 4 ). In any case, others are leading the Corinthians astray; Paul fears that the Corinthians are like Eve ( 11, 3 ), deceived by the serpent's cunning. This little aside indicated Paul's acceptance of the prevailing male wisdom of his time, since Sirach 25, 23 , that Eve represented the more easily seduced segment of humankind. The comparison with Eve, so regarded, would be insulting to the lofty Corinthians, a strategy Paul uses to bring them back to humility.
Continuing his paradoxical development of knowledge and foolishness, Paul describes the wisdom he has learned through suffering. His beautiful testimony can hardly be adequately paraphrased. It must be read and reflected upon. The experiences which the Corinthians construe as "failures"—the beatings, humiliations, imprisonments, dangers‐are Paul's apostolic credentials. He has experienced visions and revelations and ecstasies. He might have been tempted to pride in these (as he suggests the Corinthians would be). But Paul also experienced a "thorn in the flesh…an angel of Satan, to beat me" (2 Cor 12, 7 ). The wisdom Paul learned from this suffering, so beautifully expressed, is that God's power is made perfect in his human weakness. In the end we can understand why Paul says, "I boast most gladly of my weaknesses, in order that the power of Christ may dwell with me" ( 12, 9 ).
Conclusion ( 13, 11–13 )
The conclusion is brief and encouraging, and could be the conclusion to any Pauline letter. It does not reveal the depth of pain involved in some of its earlier content. By following Paul's apparently circuitous arguments, we are enriched far beyond the effort of understanding the specific situation Paul addressed in Corinth centuries ago. An outcome of studying 2 Corinthians is the realization that all the suffering involved in creating the church among limited human beings bears fruit in fidelity and hope. From 2 Corinthians we are brought to a whole new appreciation of the role of the cross in the Christian vocation to holiness.
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Featured Stories Moffitt dominates to win at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park
Photo by Tim Jarrold for SpeedwayMedia.com.
Moffitt dominates to win at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park
By Briar Starr
It was an easy and clean win for defending series champion Brett Moffitt who won at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park and dominated much of the race after starting on the pole.
"Anytime you have a comfortable lead, it's all about praying for no cautions and then no mistakes on our behalf," Moffitt said to MRN Radio. "We got a new sponsor, CMR, on the truck this weekend; we were able to pull this Chevy Silverado into victory lane. It was all about execution. It's really cool when you can make a plan at the beginning of the week. Try to win Stage 1 at that point and try to win the race for five points, executed as a team and had a fast Silverado."
"That's all thanks to the people at GMS. We unloaded fast and tuned on it, and got better. Just everyone on this team today, we executed fully and that's all I can ask. I'm very confident in our race team right now."
Moffitt and his No. 24 GMS Racing team started on the pole after qualifying early Sunday morning. The stages were broken into 20/20/24 laps to make up the 64-lap race distance.
To note, Stewart Friesen wrecked in practice which forced him to go to a backup. Jordan Anderson crashed in practice as well. Sheldon Creed also crashed as well in practice, forcing him to a back up. Gary Klutt of Niece Motorsports also started in the back.
Stage 1: Lap 1- Lap 20
A few minor incidents happened during the first stage with no yellows. The No. 54 of Raphael Lessard went off track but he saved the truck from major damage. The No. 56 of Bobby Reuse also spun on the front stretch. Todd Gilliland and the No. 4 Kyle Busch Motorsports team had a left front tire go down and made contact with the tire barrier and Gilliland received a penalty for an uncontrolled tire during the pit stop.
The No. 34 of Jason White spun around on the final lap in Stage 1 after contact with Tyler Ankrum. Teammates Johnny Sauter and Grant Enfinger made contact with each other, as Sauter accidentally spun Enfinger around in Turn 10. Despite the incidents that took place, there would be no yellows flown.
Moffitt went on to win Stage 1. Ross Chastain, Austin Hill, Ankrum, Matt Crafton, Sauter, Friesen, Austin Wayne Self, D.J. Kennington and Dylan Lupton rounded out the top-10 finishers in the first stage.
During the stage break, the race leaders made their way to pit road for their scheduled pit stops. Crafton was penalized after his pit stop for running over his air hose, which sent him to the back for the Stage 2 restart.
Stage 2: Lap 24 – Lap 40
The restart order for Stage 2 saw drivers Ben Rhodes, Alex Tagliani, Harrison Burton, Sheldon Creed and Gilliland make up the top five.
The first caution other than the stage break came out on Lap 31. It was for the No. 33 of Dan Corcoran hitting the wall. Under the caution, Rhodes, Moffitt and the top front runners all made their pit stops.
Chastain would stay out and assume the lead with seven to go in Stage 2. By staying out, the Niece Motorsports driver went on to win the second stage. Hill, Ankrum, Gilliland, Enfinger, Sauter, Crafton, Gus Dean, Lupton and Rhodes were the top-10 finishers in Stage 2.
With Chastain, among others, pitting under the stage break, Moffitt cycled out as the leader for the third and final stage.
For the most part, there were no major incidents. Lupton went spinning off the restart. A long green flag occurred until the finish. Gilliland brought his truck down pit road and the hood was up with 12 to go but he was able to finish the race. The action started to heat up in the back with Burton and Friesen slightly going off track with four to go. One lap later, it was Ankrum and Chastain in an aggressive battle. With two to go, Burton's engine expired and he went out of the race. D.J. Kennington also went around on the last lap in the last turn after contact with Wayne Self.
With the incidents taking place behind race leader Moffitt, he had a sizable lead over Tagliani who was in second. Despite what we've seen in previous years at Canadian Tire Motorsport Park, there was no major drama on the last lap and Moffitt went on to win his second playoff race of the season.
During the burnouts, the GMS driver ran out of fuel but it didn't matter at that point for Moffitt as he was excited to win for the first time on a road course.
"It was close, I took a right-hand corner in the last two laps and started dropping in fuel pressure," Moffitt said to MRN Radio. "So, I was extremely worried and once we got to the backstretch on the last lap, I knew we would have enough momentum to get to the finish line. It was a little stressful on my behalf, but it is what it is and we made it, ran out of fuel doing donuts. So that's all good."
Moffitt led twice for 44 of 64 laps and earned his fourth win of the 2019 season.
There were three cautions for nine laps and seven lead changes among six leaders.
Up Next: The Truck Series takes two weeks off before returning on-track at Las Vegas Motor Speedway Friday night, September 13th, to conclude the Round of 8.
Playoff Standings with one race to go in Round of 8:
Brett Moffitt, Two wins
Ross Chastain, +28
Stewart Friesen, +6
Matt Crafton, +5
Austin Hill, +5
Grant Enfinger, +2
Below the cut line
Johnny Sauter, -2
Tyler Ankrum, -14
Brett Moffitt, led 44 laps, won Stage 1
Alex Tagliani
Ben Rhodes, led nine laps
Sheldon Creed
Austin Hill, led one lap
Johnny Sauter
Stewart Friesen, led one lap
Ross Chastain, led nine laps, won Stage 2
Tyler Ankrum
Raphel Lessard
Matt Crafton
Gary Klutt
Grant Enfinger
D.J. Kennington
Gus Dean
Todd Gilliland
Dylan Lupton, One lap down
Jason White, One lap down
Harrison Burton, OUT, Engine
Bobby Reuse, Two laps down
Jennifer Jo Cobb, Four laps down
Norm Benning, Four laps down
Roger Reuse, Six laps down
Josh Reaume, OUT, Suspension
Dan Corcoran, OUT, Crash
Greg Rayl, OUT, Transmission
Ray Ciccarelli, OUT, Engine
Cup Series driver changes and updates for...
Angela Campbell - January 16, 2020 0
As the 2020 NASCAR racing season approaches, let's take a look at the changes that have happened during the off-season.
Decision to run XFINITY Series on Indianapolis...
Joseph Shelton - January 16, 2020 0
For a sport whose fans can be hostile toward change, the upcoming...
Decker joins Niece Motorsports for part-time efforts
Briar Starr - January 16, 2020 0
Niece Motorsports announced today that Natalie Decker will join the team on a part-time schedule in the No. 44 Chevrolet.
Graf Jr to race with SS Greenlight...
With the series of announcements today, SS Greenlight Racing owned by Bobby Dotter also made one of their own. It was announced that former Richard Childress Racing driver Joe Graf Jr will compete in the No. 08 entry for SS Greenlight Racing in 2020 with sponsors from Eat, Sleep, Race. With Graf Jr only making select starts last season, the Mahwah, New Jersey native is scheduled for Rookie of the Year honors this season.
DGR-Crosley Names Shane Wilson as Crew Chief...
DGR-Crosley announced today that veteran crew chief Shane Wilson will lead rookie Tanner Gray and the No. 15 Ford Performance F-150 team for the 2020 NASCAR Gander RV & Outdoors Truck Series season. Wilson most recently worked full-time with Ryan Sieg in the NASCAR Xfinity Series last year.
2020 Truck Series Preview: An early season...
It's hard to imagine that we just left Homestead and crowned the 2019 Truck Series champion, Matt Crafton, and now we are less than a month away from the season opener at Daytona for the 2020 NASCAR Gander RV and Outdoors Truck Series season.
Brett Moffitt
NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series
Briar Starr
24 years old, hopeful to be a PR in Motorsports.
Graf Jr to race with SS Greenlight Racing in the 2020 NASCAR Xfinity Series
2020 Truck Series Preview: An early season outlook for the Truck Series
Featured Other Series
General Tire signed on for four more years with ARCA
Ever since the 2015 season finale at Kansas Speedway, General Tire has been a partner of the ARCA Menards Series and has enjoyed a tremendous amount of great success. Due to that success, General Tire is moving forward for four additional years with the ARCA Menards Series through 2024.
Dominique Van Wieringen tops final test session in preparation for ARCA Lucas Oil 200
The Ontario native placed quickest on the last day of testing with a time of 49.615 seconds with a speed of 181.397 mph. Van Wieringen, competing in the No. 30 Rette Jones entry, was surprised to find that she was at the top of the charts at the end of the day.
Cup Series driver changes and updates for the 2020 season
Decision to run XFINITY Series on Indianapolis road course could save division's future at track
For a sport whose fans can be hostile toward change, the upcoming 2020 season in NASCAR may very well be the new...
DGR-Crosley Names Shane Wilson as Crew Chief for Tanner Gray
Previous articleTagliani and Rhodes round out top three finishers in Canada
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text:
Q: Laravel Pagination links() not working After doing this in my controller
   $activities = Package::where('attraction',1)
              ->where('hotel', 0)
              ->where('flight', 0)
              ->paginate(2);
          return view('frontend.activities',compact('activities'));

I added the added the for on my blade page in this fomrmat
@foreach($activities as $activity)

Book Now

Manhattan Skyline

 Queens (LaGuardia Airport (LGA))

from Free

                    @endforeach

then i added {{ $activities->links() }} on the page.
Whenever present the view, the links() does not display the links for the pages.
Am i missing something or is there something that i am doing wrong
P.S : I have also tried {{$activities->render()}} , it did not work too.

A: In Laravel 5.5 if Paginator object has just one page, pagination links will not be displayed.
If you want to display these links anyway, you need to customize the pagination view.
1. Run this command to copy pagination views to resources/views/vendor/pagination:
php artisan vendor:publish --tag=laravel-pagination

2. Edit the resources/views/vendor/pagination/default.blade.php.
Change the very first line:
@if ($paginator->hasPages())

To:
@if ($paginator->count > 0)

A: Try this code in blade file:
{!! $activities->render() !!}

instead of
{{$activities->render()}}

A: Add the following line after "@endforeach" statement
{{ $activities->links('pagination::bootstrap-4') }}

If bulma css is used instead of bootstrap 4, customize the pagination view.
Save the following "bulma.blade.php" file in path "resources/views/vendor/pagination"
if the folder vendor is not present in views folder, just create it or run the following command
php artisan vendor:publish --tag=laravel-pagination

bulma.blade.php
@if ($paginator->hasPages())

        {{-- Previous Page Link --}}
        @if ($paginator->onFirstPage())
            Previous
        @else
            previousPageUrl() }}" rel="prev">Previous
        @endif

            {{-- Pagination Elements --}}
            @foreach ($elements as $element)
                {{-- "Three Dots" Separator --}}
                @if (is_string($element))

{{ $element }}

                @endif

                {{-- Array Of Links --}}
                @if (is_array($element))
                    @foreach ($element as $page => $url)
                        @if ($page == $paginator->currentPage())

{{ $page }}

                        @else

{{ $page }}

                        @endif
                    @endforeach
                @endif
            @endforeach

    {{-- Next Page Link --}}
    @if ($paginator->hasMorePages())
        nextPageUrl() }}" rel="next">Next page
    @else
        Next page
    @endif
@endif

Add the following line after "@endforeach" statement
{{ $activities->links('vendor.pagination.bulma') }}

A: According to this trade https://stackoverflow.com/a/63852468/10938614
Laravel 8 has new ways and options for adding how pagination can be displayed.
Add pagination in AppServiceProvider class as below
use Illuminate\Pagination\Paginator;

/**
 * Bootstrap any application services.
 *
 * @return void
 */
public function boot()
{
    Paginator::useBootstrap();
}

A:     $items = $user_1->all();

    // Store records in an array
    $records = [];

    $i = 0;
    foreach($items as $item)
    {
        $records[$i][0] = $item->user_name;
        $records[$i][1] = $item->rech_mobile;
        $i++;
    }

    /****above code was replaced by the following code***/
    $items = $user_1->all()->toArray();
       /***---toArray() function used to convert object to array***/

A: controller:   $users = DB::table('users')->Paginate(10);
 view file  : {{$users->links('vendor.pagination.default')}}

run the command:
php artisan vendor:publish --tag=laravel-pagination

A: One or some of your browser extensions maybe conflict with Tailwind Pagination rendering part. Try to turn off extensions which inspect background page.

A: In my case with nginx config.
I have fixed it by changing the config of nginx server. Because laravel can not get parameter 'page' thefore the links() would not be working.
in default.conf of nginx :
From:
location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
}

TO
location / {
        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
}

I hope someone can remove this error and go ahead with laravel.

A: you must have enough data to display in more that 1 page, so you must have more than 10 rows of data for the links to show, when you display 10 rows of data per page.

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