text:
To End War
Posted: November 9, 2018 | Author: Gentleman Jake | Filed under: Aruban Beer, Ethics, History, Pale Lager, Political Philosophy | Tags: Armistice Day, Balashi, resolve, Trojan War, Veterans Day, war, William Caxton, World War I | 1 Comment
This is the thirty-ninth in a series on The Harvard Classics; the rest of the posts are available here. Volume XXXIX: Prefaces and Prologues
This Sunday marks the hundredth anniversary of the end of World War One. Even during the war, it was known as "the war to end war." (An expression that may have been coined by H. G. Wells.) So high were the human and economic costs that it was almost inconceivable that humans could ever again resort to war.
It was not mere naïveté that led people to hope World War One would be the end of all war; such hopes have existed throughout human history. In the late fifteenth century, William Caxton wrote that even the ancient Trojan War "may be example to all men during the world how dreadful and jeopardous it is to begin a war and what harms, losses, and death followeth." And occasionally, people have invented new weapons, such as the Gatling gun or the atomic bomb, that are so devastating that further wars appear unthinkably terrible.
But with a century of hindsight, we know well the World War One did not end all war. It was barely twenty years before a Second World War was underway. In fact, it was less than twenty years, if one takes into account the Japanese invasion of China.
Nearly every year since then, the United States, far and away the greatest military power of all time, has been at war. The most recent American war in Afghanistan is approaching the end of its second decade. (There are some who argue that the United States has not been at war since the Korean War because Congress has not made a declaration of war since then. This argument elevates form over substance. The actions of the United States in Vietnam, Iraq, Panama, etc. were unquestionably acts of war.) As far as I can tell, the most recent year that the United States was not at war was 2000. That means that by next year, there will be eligible voters who have lived their entire lives during wartime. Maybe they'll somehow have the sense to vote for candidates who want peace. (If such a thing exists.)
Even with centuries and millennia of examples of how dreadful war is, it persists. But it is not unreasonable to hope, pray, and, most importantly, strive for peace. So this weekend, raise a glass and drink to peace in our time.
Beer of the week: Balashi Pilsner- Even the tiny island of Aruba has not been totally isolated from war. During World War Two, German and Italian submarines torpedoed oil tankers anchored there. Over 50 sailors lost their lives as the submarines sunk six tankers and damaged two others. There we're a couple of German casualties as well, the result of a deck gun exploding due to user error. But for the most part, Aruba has been a peaceful place to have a beer. Balashi Pilsner has a faint but pleasantly malty aroma. Although it is a fairly light beer, it is well-balanced. Frankly, Balashi is better than one might expect from the tropics.
Reading of the week: William Caxton's Prologue to Book I and Epilogues to Books II and III of The Recuyell of the Histories of Troy – Caxton, the first commercial printer in England, translated many of the books that he published. His own writings are primarily prefaces.
Question for the week: For all its myriad evils, some maintain that war has social value. (Including, perhaps, population control, technological advancement, or economic stimulus.) What is war's most redeeming value?
What was I thinking?
Posted: December 8, 2017 | Author: Gentleman Jake | Filed under: Diet Beer, Ethics, fiction, History, Light Beer, Literature, Mexican Beer, Pale Lager, Political Philosophy | Tags: Constellation Brands, Corona, Historical Fiction, Mariano Azuela, Mexican History, Modelo, war | Leave a comment
That rhetorical question is often used to express dismay at a lack of foresight e.g. "A while back, I passed on a chance to buy a Bitcoin at $400; what was I thinking?" Sometimes it goes to absentmindedness e.g. "I peeled a banana and accidentally threw away the banana and went to take a bite of the peel; what was I thinking?" But in both of these cases, the question is purely rhetorical because it is pretty easy to determine the thought process involved. In the Bitcoin example, the person presumably thought about the risks and advantages of buying a Bitcoin and determined that the potential upside was not worth the $400 risk. In the banana example, the person was clearly thinking about something totally unrelated to the task at hand, and mere distraction caused the errant movements.
There are times, however, when the question "what was I thinking?" is more than rhetorical, times when one honestly does not understand his own motivations. Every once in a while, we each do something that we are later unable to explain. It is occasionally impossible to determine what thought process or motivations led to the decisions made.
There appear to be multiple potential causes for such internal confusion. For one thing, not understanding one's own motivation may be a simple failure to carefully self-evaluate. For another, there may be pre-rational motivations that get overlooked in the search for a rational explanation, such as instinct or something like it. But most likely, it seems, is the likelihood that the decision in question is the product of a great many thoughts and motivations, possibly even at odds with each other. The complicated interplay between our various desires, instincts, goals, etc. may simply be so convoluted that we are unable to untangle (or even recognize) them all.
In The Underdogs by Mariano Azuela, the motivations of the belligerents during the Mexican Revolution are explored. A rebel leader called Demetrio tells about the time that he got drunk and spit in the face of a local political boss, Señor Monico. As a result, Monico brought "the whole God-damned Federal Government" down on Demetrio, who narrowly escaped into the hills. Demetrio asserts that all he wants is "to be let alone so [he] can go home."
His interlocutor, however, sees more in Demetrio's motivations than Demetrio sees himself:
"It is not true that you took up arms simply because of Señor Monico. You are under arms to protest against the evils of all the caciques who are overrunning the whole nation. We are the elements of a social movement which will not rest until it has enlarged the destinies of our motherland. We are the tools Destiny makes use of to reclaim the sacred rights of the people. We are not fighting to dethrone a miserable murderer, we are fighting against tyranny itself. What moves us is what men call ideals; our action is what men call fighting for a principle. A principle! That's why Villa and Natera and Carranza are fighting; that's why we, every man of us, are fighting."
This speech certainly works on Demetrio's men, who emphatically embrace this noble characterization of their motivations despite the manifestly ignoble acts of plunder, rape, and murder in which they engage. But Demetrio's reaction to this impassioned speech is more subdued; he orders more beer.
Beer of the week: Corona Light – A Mexican reading deserves a Mexican beer. Corona Light is clear and pale and foamy. The aroma and flavor are pretty standard macro. There is a hint of lime in the aroma, and just a trace of nuttiness in the finish. A pinch of salt brings out the lime in the flavor, which is a big improvement. Still, Corona Light; what was I thinking?
Reading of the week: The Underdogs by Mariano Azuela – The title The Underdogs (Los de Abajo in the original Spanish) refers not to the rebels, but to the common folk of Mexico. Throughout the novel, it becomes clear that the people are always oppressed, no matter which faction has the ascendency.
Question of the week: Is it really the case that some motivations cannot be discovered through self-examination? Or is it possible that we are just too afraid to look deep enough?
Posted: September 29, 2017 | Author: Gentleman Jake | Filed under: American Beer, Ethics, History, Political Philosophy, Seasonal Beer | Tags: Anna Komnene, Apple Watch, baseball, Michigan Beer, Red Sox, Saugatuck Brewing Company, war | Leave a comment
This is the eighth in a series on Franklin's moral improvement plan, the rest of the posts are available here.
SINCERITY: Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if you speak, speak accordingly.
– Franklin
To some extent, many competitive sports rely on subterfuge and deception. Hockey has its deke moves, basketball its pump fakes, boxing its feints, rugby its dummy passes. Baseball, no less than any of these other sports, has it's share of deceptive practices.
The president of Harvard (and editor of the Harvard Classics) William Eliot once said of the university's baseball team, "…this year I'm told the team did well because one pitcher had a fine curve ball. I understand that a curve ball is thrown with a deliberate attempt to deceive. Surely this is not an ability we should want to foster at Harvard." Eliot, however, is in the minority; most people appreciate and applaud a ball player who is especially adept at deception. It is part of the game, as they say.
Another sneaky part of the game is stealing signs. The catcher uses hand signals to communicate with the pitcher, and if an a base runner is able to intercept those signs, he may gain valuable information for his team. And it is generally accepted that there is nothing wrong with stealing signs.
However, a few weeks ago the Boston Red Sox got caught using an Apple Watch to communicate stolen signs, and that burned some people up. It's fair enough to have a player steal signs from the base paths, but to use video cameras and electronic messaging is something else entirely. For one thing, a catcher may change his signs when an opponent is on base, making the signs themselves part of a game within the game. But what adaptive measures could the catcher use against video cameras and wireless messaging? It takes an aspect of the game away from the players and puts it in the hands of nameless support staff. For another thing, it converts a relatively rare advantage into a constant. Traditional sign stealing only happens when a runner is on second base, but the use of video makes it possible to steal signs on every single pitch.
The line between admirably clever and despicably devious is not always easy to spot, but when somebody steps well and truly over that line, he draws well deserved ire.
Beer of the week: Oval Beach Blonde – Summer is technically over, but a late heat wave has kept this summer blonde enjoyable. Oval Beach is a beautiful blonde brew from Saugatuck Brewing Company in Michigan. The beer is just a bit tangy, and has a nice malt body. A very refreshing choice.
Reading of the week: The Alexiad by Anna Komnene, Book I, Chapters X & XI – As in sport, military leaders are often praised for deception, but only up to a point. A well laid ambush is considered laudable, but if the ambush is baited with a false truce, it is considered villainous. This excerpt describes some of the acts of Robert Guiscard. Anna Komnene clearly thinks that Robert overstepped the bounds of decency, but history knows him as "Robert the Resourceful".
Question for the week: Is there really a fair distinction between clever deception and devious deception? Or is all deception equally admirable/reprehensible? (Kant may suggest an answer.)
Every Day a Holiday: Cinco De Mayo
Posted: May 5, 2016 | Author: Gentleman Jake | Filed under: History, Mexican Beer, Pale Lager, Political Philosophy | Tags: adjunct lager, Cinco de Mayo, Civil War, France, Mexico, Tecate, war, Xenophon | Leave a comment
It may be surprising to people with an American education to learn that at the very same time that the United States of America was at war with the Confederate States of America, a French army was pushing its way across Mexico. The Monroe Doctrine had been in place for nearly 40 years, so the thought of a full-on European invasion of Mexico seems rather shocking.
Shortly before the American Civil War, Mexico had its own, known as the Reform War. The immediate result was a fractured and bankrupt Mexican government. In 1861, the president of Mexico declared a moratorium on paying its debts, and the French were none too happy about that. Emperor Napoleon III, who had been elected as President Bonaparte but refused to leave when his term ended, decided that a Mexican regime change was in order. He sent a small army to "negotiate". On the 5th of May, 1862, an outnumbered rag-tag Mexican army crushed the better trained and better equipped French invaders. Cinco de Mayo has been celebrated ever since.
It is always interesting to put historical events into context. While the Americans were being divided over the question of self-determination (and slavery), Mexicans were fighting for their own right to govern themselves. Their success at the Battle of Puebla was short lived, though. Just three years later, Maximilian I, born in Vienna into the powerful Hapsburg Dynasty, sat on his throne in Mexico City as Emperor.
As it turned out, Maximilian's empire did not last long either. A successful republican revolt culminated in Maximilian's execution by firing squad, just two years after the murder of Abraham Lincoln. Sic semper indeed.
Beer of the week: Tecate – Cerveza Tecate is a standard Mexican adjunct lager. It is pale gold in color and quite fizzy. As far as aroma and flavor, there is not much to write. Cheap grain supplies the bulk of both. I could surely down more than a few of these on a hot day, but generally I would pick something more flavorful. Even the addition of lime and salt doesn't do much for it.
Reading for the week: Memorabilia by Xenophon, Book I, Chapter 2, Sections 39-50 – Whether government is monarchical or democratic in form, it's nature is always coercive. This reading by Xenophon includes a brief dialogue between Alcibiades and Pericles. In it, Alcibiades gets Pericles to define government coercion as "not law, but force." The logical conclusion is that all conventional "laws", from tyrants' dictates to democratic legislation, are not law at all, but mere force.
Question for the week: When have you been surprised to learn that two historic events were much closer in time than your had realized?
Caius is dead.
Posted: April 29, 2016 | Author: Gentleman Jake | Filed under: History, Law, Literature, Montenegrin Beer | Tags: Leo Tolstoy, Nikšićko Beer, stoicism, war | Leave a comment
The overwhelming majority of lawsuits settle before trial. By some estimates, fewer than 1 out of every 10 cases make it all the way to trial. And for the most part, settlement is the best option for both sides. Going to trial means more court fees, more attorneys' fees, and, perhaps most importantly, the possibility of simply losing. A litigant who is able to accurately and rationally appraise the value of his case and the probability of success should be able to negotiate a settlement that minimizes his costs and risk. In that light, it seems that the biggest obstacle to settlement is the simple fact that people are not all that rational.
In The Death of Ivan Ilych, Tolstoy presents a beautiful example of a man who rationally knows one thing, but nonetheless refuses to believe it:
The syllogism he had learnt from Kiesewetter's Logic: "Caius is a man, men are mortal, therefore Caius is mortal," had always seemed to him correct as applied to Caius, but certainly not as applied to himself. That Caius—man in the abstract—was mortal, was perfectly correct, but he was not Caius, not an abstract man, but a creature quite, quite separate from all others. He had been little Vanya, with a mamma and a papa, with Mitya and Volodya, with the toys, a coachman and a nurse, afterwards with Katenka and will all the joys, griefs, and delights of childhood, boyhood, and youth. What did Caius know of the smell of that striped leather ball Vanya had been so fond of? Had Caius kissed his mother's hand like that, and did the silk of her dress rustle so for Caius? Had he rioted like that at school when the pastry was bad? Had Caius been in love like that? Could Caius preside at a session as he did? "Caius really was mortal, and it was right for him to die; but for me, little Vanya, Ivan Ilych, with all my thoughts and emotions, it's altogether a different matter. It cannot be that I ought to die. That would be too terrible."
The Stoics equate nature, god, and reason. The highest good for man, therefore, would be to achieve purely rational thought. The problem, as Tolstoy observes, is that human thought will always consist of an admixture of reason and emotion. In this particular example, self-love clouds the reasoning of Ivan Ilych. In other cases, including a great number of lawsuits, anger or other emotions interfere with one's ability to think clearly. One simply cannot be purely rational. For the Stoics, self-love and emotions are to be overcome in the name of reason. For Tolstoy, however, a purely rational life would be no life at all. What makes us human is not our ability to reason alone, but all of our emotional and mental capacity.
Beer of the week: Nikšićko Pivo – Tolstoy lived through the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878. The culmination of that conflict was the Treaty of San Stefano, which granted the Principality of Montenegro official international recognition and expanded territory. Part of the new lands acquired included the city of Nikšić. And it is from Nikšić that this week's beer comes. Frankly, I hoped for more from my first beer from Montenegro, and I really did not expect much. Despite the artificial coloring listed in the ingredients, the beer is still very pale. It pours with heaps of white foam. There is not much going on flavor-wise in Nikšićko, mostly just cheap grain and a slightly metallic aftertaste. Oh well.
Reading of the week: The Death of Ivan Ilych by Leo Tolstoy, Chapter VI – The above-quoted syllogism is somewhat novel to me. I had always heard it with Socrates rather than Caius. This reading really says a lot about the way that humans think, especially how they think about themselves in relation to the rest of the world.
Question for the week: How often do you persist in something out for emotional reasons when you know rationally that it is the wrong choice?
Dr. Wilson's War
Posted: January 29, 2016 | Author: Gentleman Jake | Filed under: Bock Beer, Ethics, History, Lithuanian Beer, Pale Lager | Tags: Diodorus Siculus, Kalnapils beer, Princeton University, Sigmund Freud, war, Woodrow Wilson, World War I | Leave a comment
I am no fan of Woodrow Wilson.
He pushed for and then signed the Espionage Act and it's extension known as the Sedition Act. Through these laws, countless individuals have been harassed, convicted, and sentenced to prison for political (primarily anti-war) speech.
Wilson also successfully campaigned for the presidency on a policy of neutrality in what became World War I. After attaining office, however, embarked on policy that was so unneutral that his Secretary of State, William Jennings Bryan, resigned. He then pushed for the United States to join the otherwise deadlocked European war on the flimsy pretext that some Americans died when the Germans sunk the Lusitania, a ship carrying munitions for the British military. (To say nothing of the fact that the German government gave ample warning that they considered the Lusitania a warship and that Americans should not take passage on it.) It has been argued that had Wilson not joined the war, the United States would not have become the military-industrial nation that it is today, and the First World War would not have ended in the conditions that made Germany ripe for the rise of Adolph Hitler.
Sigmund Freud, in his psychological analysis of Wilson, concluded that the President was a dangerous fanatic whose belief in his own pre-ordained glory made him act with reckless abandon. Freud ultimately decided that the disastrous evil which inevitably resulted from Wilson's actions made him impossible to sympathize with.
In the interest of keeping this blog post short, I will only mention further that Wilson is currently in the public eye due to calls from Princeton students to rename the Woodrow Wilson School of International Affairs because of his well-known racism.
For all of the above reasons, it may seem reasonable to attempt to wipe Wilson's legacy from the school and the country. But I side with Diodorus Siculus on the subject of erasing legacies. Rather than eliminating the memory of evil men, it is better to "publish [the] truth to the stain of their memory." Let the school continue by the name of Wilson, so that for generations to come people will reflect on how his actions resulted in the death and oppression of countless souls.
Beer of the week: Kalnapils Bock – One of the many unintended consequences of the First World War was the declaration of Lithuania as a sovereign nation. This is the first Lithuanian beer that I have had and, unfortunately, it is not very good. Initially, I was surprised to see how pale this beer is for a "bock". It pours with a fluffy head that fades quickly. The aroma is reminiscent of cheap malt liquor: cheap grain, some alcohol. The aftertaste is decidedly metallic. Step up your game, Lithuania.
Reading for the week: Bibliotheca Historica, by Diodorus Siculus – In the preface to Book XIV of his "universal history", Diodorus points out that men of high standing are subject to greater censure for their faults. "Let this therefore startle wicked men to consider, that they leave behind them an ugly representation of themselves, to the view of posterity for ever."
Question for the week: Is it better to totally annihilate the memory of a bad man or to preserve his infamy as a warning to future generations?
*This post was accidentally published prematurely last week. So if you saw it then and couldn't find it later, that's why.
Posted: January 22, 2016 | Author: Gentleman Jake | Filed under: American Beer, Art, Brown Ale, History, Political Philosophy, Religion, Seasonal Beer, Sociology | Tags: Horace Smith, ISIL, ISIS, Ozymandias, Percy Shelley, Saddam Hussain, war | Leave a comment
In 2003, a large statue of Saddam Hussain was toppled in Firdos Square, Bagdad. Video of the destruction was something of a media sensation. (Whether the event was staged or spontaneous is still unclear, but it sure seems like a brilliant photo-op.) For the most part, the destruction was met with approbation.
In 2015, members of ISIS destroyed priceless statues and reliefs at the 2,900 year old palace of King Ashurnasirpal II of Assyria. Video of militants destroying similar relics throughout the region resulted in international outrage.
So what is the difference?
The obvious answer is time. The fall of Saddam's regime was not yet complete when an armored vehicle pulled down his statue, but Ashurnasirpal had been gone nearly three millennia when a bulldozer crashed through his palace. But isn't the time difference superficial? Had the Saddam statue been allowed to stand, it too could have become an ancient and priceless relic. And, had the statue stood for 3,000 years, wouldn't it's destruction have elicited the same sort of outrage as the destruction of Ashurnasirpal's palace?
Another insufficient answer is the brutality and general badness of the late Dictator of Iraq. Saddam invaded neighboring countries and maintained a repressive regime. One might argue that allowing a statue of such a man stand is an insult to all of the Iraqis, Kurds, and Kuwaitis who were killed, tortured, or otherwise hard done-by. But Ashurnasirpal (like most kings) was no tower of virtue himself. Not only did he invade numerous neighboring lands, he was unthinkably brutal. His own account of an insurrection that he put down brags that "Of some [prisoners] I cut off their feet and hands; of others I cut off the ears noses and lips; of the young men's ears I made a heap; of the old men's heads I made a minaret. I exposed their heads as a trophy in front of their city. The male children and the female children I burned in flames; the city I destroyed, and consumed with fire". Surely this man was every bit as bad as Saddam. So why is the destruction of his monuments so appalling while the destruction of Saddam's is so lauded?
Neither is the comparative "art value" of the two a good explanation. To compare the artistic merits of the separate monuments is beyond my ability and training, but I would argue that neither Saddam's nor Ashurnasirpal's likeness derived much of their scorn or value respectively from the technical ability of the artists who sculpted them. I strongly suspect that even if the Saddam statue were a masterwork, the response would have been the same.
What appears to make the difference is the symbolism of the two acts. The toppling of the Saddam statue was partially a warning to other Middle East leaders. Further, since Saddam himself was not captured until several months later, the statue destruction also served as a psychological strike against him and whatever loyal forces he still had. And, like the destruction of all Hitler era monuments in Germany, the toppling of the statue may have had an element of eliminating a potential future rallying point. The destruction of Ashurnasirpal's palace, however, sends a different message. ISIS has made clear that they intend to destroy everything that is not part of their version of Islam. Whether priceless art, ancient artifacts, or fellow human beings, ISIS is dedicated to the annihilation of anything and everything that does not fit into their worldview. A very disconcerting position for those of us who are part of that "anything and everything".
Beer of the week: Magic Hat Snow Roller – After spending Christmas in a t-shirt and the first week of the year in the rain, the last couple weeks have finally provided cold weather sufficient to justify drinking some winter seasonals. This pretty brown ale smells of toasted grain and a bit of hops. Hints of burnt toast also lead the flavor. It is really in the aftertaste that this beer comes together. There is some lingering sweetness, but that is offset by tingling hops and alcoholic sharpness (6.2%). This is a good beer, but a bit more bitter and alcoholic-tasting than I would prefer.
Readings for the week: Ozymandias by Percy Bysshe Shelley and Ozymandias by Horace Smith – The poets (and close personal friends) Shelley and Smith each wrote a sonnet on the same subject: the shattered remains of an ancient statue of the Pharaoh Ozymandias, which had been meant to preserve the glory of its subject for all time.
Question for the week: Is the video footage of Saddam's statue being pulled down now a sort of "digital monument" to George Bush II?


text:
Q: C++ | List of object I have list of Item (some class) and this class has 3 variables price,name,and count.
I want to know how do I delete all the items which their price is 320.

A: What about this?
std::list<Item> l;
//...
l.remove_if ([] (Item const& i) {
    return i.price == 320;
});

See the doc:

*

*http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/container/list/remove

A: If you use std::list as the container, use std::list::remove_if; see @wilx answer.

If you do not use std::list, but rather another container, use std::remove_if.
#include <algorithm>

list.erase(std::remove_if(list.begin(), list.end(), [] (Item const& i) {
    return i.price == 320;
}), list.end());

A: Just in case you are using c++ and not c++11 - it is something like:
bool my_predicate (const Item& value) { return (value.price==320); }

void foo() {
  std::list<Item> l;
  //...
  l.remove_if (my_predicate);
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


We start the third day of the festival at 15:00 in the GT22 LOBBY with a workshop on how hemp stems are used to produce hempcrete.
19.00 - unveiling of the historical exhibition Krvava nedelja (Marburger Blutsonntag / Maribor Bloody Sunday) and Fokus Graz at 19.00. The exhibition shows the events of the Maribor Bloody Sunday of 27 January 1919 and raises important issues of how history is read, interpreted and developed.


text:
Q: Restructuring Array of JSON objects I have an array of JSON objects. However, some of the data is repeated. Is there a way to restructure the array to exclude repeated values? Do I have to use the Map function? or a for loop?
userData = [{id:'101', Time:'3:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'},
            {id:'101', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'},
            {id:'101', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'6/25/20'},
            {id:'105', Time:'1:00pm', Date:'3/25/20'},
            {id:'105', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'}
           ]

Is it possible to restructure the data like so?
userData = [ {id:'101', Time:['3:00pm','5:00pm'], Date:['5/25/20', '6/25/20']},
             {id:'105', Time:['1:00pm','5:00pm'], Date:['3/25/20','5/25/20']}
           ]

If you have any guidance or direction, it would be greatly appreciated!
Thank you!

A: EDIT: fixed to filter duplicate DateTimes maintaining corresponding order by using a Set() of DateTime strings
Note: optional chaining ?. requires Chrome 80+ and Safari 13+.  Use ternary check for undefined if you need compatibility.
Use object map to track duplicate id, concat to Time array if found.

userData = [{id:'101', Time:'3:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'},
            {id:'101', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'},
            {id:'101', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'6/25/20'},
            {id:'105', Time:'1:00pm', Date:'3/25/20'},
            {id:'105', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'}
           ]
console.log(
Object.values(
userData.reduce((acc,{Time, id, Date})=>
  // [id] exists and does not contain DateTime
  acc[id]?.TD?.has(`${Date}_${Time}`)!== true ?
  Object.assign(acc, {[id]:{
      id,
      TD: (acc[id]?.TD||new Set()).add(`${Date}_${Time}`),
      Time: (acc[id]?.Time||[]).concat(Time),
      Date: (acc[id]?.Date||[]).concat(Date)
   }})
   : acc,{})
)
// get rid of TD Set, used only to prevent dupes
.map(({TD, ...o})=>o)
)

A: let userData = [{id:'101', Time:'3:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'},
        {id:'101', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'},
        {id:'101', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'6/25/20'},
        {id:'105', Time:'1:00pm', Date:'3/25/20'},
        {id:'105', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'}
       ]

let formattedUserData = {}

userData.forEach(user=>{
  if(!formattedUserData[user.id]) formattedUserData[user.id]= {
    id: user.id,
    Time: [],
    Date: [],
  }
  formattedUserData[user.id].Time.push(user.Time)
  formattedUserData[user.id].Date.push(user.Date)
})

const finalResponse = Object.entries(formattedUserData).map((e) => ( { ...e[1] } ));
console.log("finalResponse",finalResponse)

A: I done that:

const userData =
    [ { id: '101', Time: '3:00pm', Date: '5/25/20'}
    , { id: '101', Time: '5:00pm', Date: '5/25/20'}
    , { id: '101', Time: '5:00pm', Date: '6/25/20'}
    , { id: '105', Time: '1:00pm', Date: '3/25/20'}
    , { id: '105', Time: '5:00pm', Date: '5/25/20'}
    ]

const result = userData.reduce((a,{id,Time,Date})=>{
  let el = a.find(ud=>ud.id===id)
  if (!el) { el = {id, Time:[], Date:[]};  a.push(el) }
  if (!el.Time.includes(Time)) el.Time.push(Time)
  if (!el.Date.includes(Date)) el.Date.push(Date)
  return a
  }, [])

console.log( JSON.stringify(result,0,2) )
.as-console-wrapper { max-height: 100% !important; }

A: According to MDN, Map is a better fit than using an Object. Sets are used to ensure all values are deduplicated.

userData = [{id:'101', Time:'3:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'},
            {id:'101', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'},
            {id:'101', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'6/25/20'},
            {id:'105', Time:'1:00pm', Date:'3/25/20'},
            {id:'105', Time:'5:00pm', Date:'5/25/20'},
           ];

const structure = new Map();

userData.forEach(el => {
  const {t, d} = structure.get(el.id) || {t: new Set(), d: new Set()};
  structure.set(el.id, { t: t.add(el.Time), d: d.add(el.Date) });
});

const restructured =
  [...structure].map(el => ( {id: el[0], Time: [...el[1].t], Date: [...el[1].d]} ))

console.log(restructured)


MOUNT GILEAD — The Ohio Highway Patrol is investigating a one-vehicle rollover crash this morning on State Route 61 in Gilead Township.
Marvin J. Pierce, 53, of Norwalk, rolled his tanker and trailer at mile post 11. He received minor injuries.
He drove off the road and into a ditch, with the tanker trailer being separated from the commercial tractor and overturning on the right side of the roadway.
Pierce was taken by Morrow County EMS to the hospital.
The road was closed until mid-afternoon when it re-opened to traffic.


text:
Q: Update record with EF in one table, with concurrency check on another table I need to perform update on a record in one table, but whether this update is allowed depends on value of record in another table. I can download two entities, check them, change value and save.
So far, so good, but I have to make sure, that between checking and saving my "allowing" record won't change. Basically I need something like concurrency handling, but not on the changed record.
Entity Framework case. I prefer to do not switch to procedures or SQL if possible.
My scenario.
var db = new MyDb();
var allowingRecord = db.AllowingRecords.First();

if(allowingRecord.Allow) // allows to make changes in RecordsToChange
{
    var recordToChange = db.RecordsToChange.First();
    recordToChange.FieldToChange = "Changing";
}

// Somwhere right here allowingRecord.Allow changes to false, but entity is not updated

db.SaveChanges();

)

A: You may want to check Memento design pattern for this purpose. Its basically store your state and you can use it always with that pattern
For example you can check this link it has code example as well;
http://www.dofactory.com/net/memento-design-pattern


are you planning to implement the support of backward playback (seek with negative rate on the client side) in rtspsrc? Is there any proposed release date for that? What are the reasons it isn't ready yet, maybe there are technical issues?


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All shipments that are brought into our warehouse for long term storage are fully, export packed and wrapped, which is a far superior method of protecting your belongings while in store and ensures the best protection possible.


RightNow Technologies provides customer relationship management (CRM) software solutions for large global enterprises. The company has more than 1,800 customers worldwide - including large, well known companies such as Black & Decker, Electronic Arts, Nikon and British Airways. RightNow helps these organizations manage all of their customer interactions, enabling them to provide outstanding customer experiences while controlling costs. To ensure high levels of scalability, reliability, security and high-performance, RightNow chose to build its solution on high-quality, open source components including Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Apache, the MySQL database and PHP.


Abnormal values for the resting ankle-brachial index are 0.9 or lower and 1.40 or higher. If the ABI is 0.91 to 1.00, it is considered borderline abnormal.Abnormal values might mean you have a higher chance of having narrowed arteries in other parts of your body. This can increase your risk of a heart attack or stroke.


Vendor managers use the Vendor Performance application to manage and compare the vendors their organization works with.
Use the Vendor Performance application with information from the Assessments application to rank the importance of your vendors and to detect possible problem areas, such as contract breaches and incidents. Create vendor contacts and activities to keep track of important people and events related to vendors.
If you are new to using Vendor Performance, see Vendor Performance Process for usage suggestions.
Vendor assessments enable organizations to evaluate, score, and rank any vendor in the system using custom questionnaires for users to complete and using scripts that query the database directly.
Define the vendors you want to evaluate by creating new vendor records or adding information to existing vendor records.
Vendor contacts are vendor employees you can contact to request assistance, report issues, or resolve problems.


text:
Q: embed animation plots generated by in a Markdown or html file outside Rmd and shiny I have searched several R animation packages, such as,

*

*htmlwidget

*ggiraph

*plotly
All packages can be used for Rmd and shiny.
But I want to put the animated graphs on my hexo blog or other websites created from scratch by myself. (Hexo is a statistic website generator, similar to Jekyll and Hugo)

*

*blog part
Yihui Xie created a package blogdown. Animation plots do not work even on the sample hexo site created by him with blogdown.

*website part
There are lots of JavaScript animation libraries. The usual usage of the libraries is to include 1) a reference link to JavaScript library and 2) JavaScript code blocks containing data.
All R packages found online do not supply any of them.
For R animation packages, how can I find 1) all reference links to JavaScript libraries used by the package and 2) JavaScript code blocks containing data for each animation plot generated by the package? These codes will be embedded in a Markdown or html file.
Thank you.


Home Christmas Trees Why fake it this Christmas?
Why fake it this Christmas?
Buying a real Christmas tree as a family is one of those rituals you'll remember all your life. Artificial tree users, meanwhile, will most likely impart little more than the memory of getting a fake tree out the attic and giving it a good dusting. Not quite so romantic.
Many real Christmas trees have a gorgeous fragrances, and each one is individual.
It goes without saying, real Christmas trees just look better.
Real Christmas trees can be either composted (at your nearest recycling centre) or usefully burned. For every real Christmas tree harvested, two to three seedlings are planted in its place. Each hectare of a Christmas tree plantation provides the daily oxygen requirements of 45 people.
Real Christmas trees are biodegradable. Artificial trees are not and will remain in landfill for many Christmases to come.
Artificial Christmas trees are manufactured far, far away. They use scarce raw materials and cheap labour.
A real Christmas tree encourages an appreciation of the natural environment and of folk tradition by bringing both into the home at Christmas time. The evergreen trees have been celebrated from the 15th century onwards as a symbol of regeneration.
Christmas is a time for giving: the Christmas Forest's annual contribution to Tree Aid (made with thanks to our customers) is a carefully targeted gift of around 16,000 trees annually to the most needy people in the planet, as well as an effective offset to the environmental burden of our operation.
Christmas is better and more magical with a real Christmas tree – many of us cannot really imagine it without one – try one and see.


The Choose a Primary Care Career Mentor Program will provide medical students a "go-to" person in primary care/community medicine to ask questions about career development, life style, and other information regarding the field. Mentors and mentees will decide if they want to interact by phone, email, and/or in-person on a monthly, bi-monthly, and/or an as needed basis. The professional relationship dynamics will be decided between you and your mentee.
These monthly speaker series provide valuable exposure, information, and resources to students interested in the primary care fields and topics that affect it.
You can participate, help develop and coordinate, volunteer your clinic for a shadowing or ICM experience, and much more. Please check out these programs and contact us to discuss how you can be involved in cultivating KECK-USC medical students, and promote and improve the field of primary care.


Way too short! Also Bart, in the description, you might want to hyperlink their Facebook page https://www.facebook.com/BigBadBros/ instead of their Twitter, since Twitter shows no activity at all.
Loved this game! Short and simple, but the graphics are lovely.


text:
Q: showing a (B,p) is complete let $(A,d)$ be a metric space which is complete and let $B$ be closed in A. Then prove $(B,p)$ is complete, with $p = d|_{B\times B}$ (i.e. restriction of d onto $B\times B$)
thoughts:
since $B$ is closed in $A$ and $(A,d)$ is complete i figured that $(B,y)$ is complete - from here I know I have to show for $x_n,x_m \in B$,$ p(x_n,x_m) < \epsilon $ for $x,m\geq N$ but I am not sur ehow to deal with the restriction of $d$ on $B\times B$ - I mean, how would I go about evaluating $p(x_n,x_m)$?
edit: progress:
$d|_{YXY} ((x_n,x_m),(y_n,y_m)) = p((x_n,x_m),(y_n,y_m)) $, with $(x_n,x_m), (y_n,y_m) \in Y$ now if I let $x_n,y_n$ be cauchy I can see that $p<\epsilon$ but no idea how ot prove it

A: Let $\{x_n\}_n\subseteq B\subseteq A$ be a Cauchy sequence (in $B$). As it is a Cauch sequence also in $A$, and as $A$ is complete (i.e. Cauchy $\implies$ convergence), $\{x_n\}_n$ converges to some point $x$. But $B$ were closed (under convergence), so $x$ must be in $B$. Hence any arbitrary Cauchy sequence in $B$ is convergent, that is, $B$ is complete.
Note: $p$ is simply the restriction of $d$ to $B$. That roughly means that the notion of distance between points of $B$ is defined exactly as the notion of distance between points of $A$, only you disregard those points which are not elements of $B$. So if $x,y\in B$, then $p(x,y)=d(x,y)$, but if either one of $x,y$ are not in $B$, then $p$ is meaningless in measuring the distance between them.

A: Let $X$ be a complete metric space and $F$ a closed set in $X$. If $x_n$ is a Cauchy sequence in $F$, then it has a limit $x\in X$. Since $F$ is closed, $x\in F$. Hence $F$ is complete.


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text:
Canadian Country Music = Lacklustre
Gillian Turnbull Posted On April 2, 2013
A few weeks ago, I rescued a book from our department's recycling pile. It was the Encyclopaedia of Canadian Country Music. I'm pretty sure my colleague went on a cleaning binge in our office, figured the book was useless, and put it in the stack of discarded books in the mail room…and I'm pretty sure I tried to rescue the book once already. So I took it home. I love books like this, partly because they're full of obscure information that yes, might be available online, but in some cases might not. I also love them because they come designed in a way that allows dorks like me to find stuff quickly, and are about topics that most people aren't interested in. I heard complaints about the 40th Anniversary Juno book that came out a couple years ago, but I gave it as a birthday gift to some of my friends, knowing they'd appreciate the tidbits of info that can't be found without a great deal of digging.
Later, I got an email from someone across the country, asking for my opinion on the "lacklustre" Canadian country music industry, among other things, and I did a double take on the word lacklustre. Really? I thought we were doing okay. Am I so embroiled in my research area that I've lost all objectivity? Is that why there are still continental philosophers? (I'm sorry, I'm sorry. I couldn't resist, after 10 years of living with, dating, being married to, philosophers…)
I've questioned the state of Canadian music, and the music industry here, far too many times in other posts to be bothered with those big questions again. And we're all nostalgic and excited for the periods in which the genres we still like to listen to today started. The Experience Music Project, walking tours of Yorkville, myriad popular music history books, documentaries on everyone from the Chili Peppers to Black Sabbath are all manifestations of our cultural obsession with the past, when music was legit, made with the right motivations (for the art, man), or in its unblemished infancy. So it's no surprise that in with all of these backwards-looking products are a couple of books on Canadian country music. Yet, the attitude with which people still regard that industry, or the fact that my superhip colleague, known for his Django guitar in the corner and the Bob Marley poster on the wall of our office, threw away the book, tells me that Canadian country doesn't exactly reside on the same level as any of the above retrospectives.
Perhaps the first problem lies in definition. What is Canadian country? It's not rooted in the mixture of Appalachian folk music, blues, minstrel tunes, Tin Pan Alley, etc., like American country, but it also is. It depends where you look. The country music that eventually came out of Canada was no doubt influenced by Americans who made their way up north to settle in places like Alberta, but it was equally influenced by migrants who landed on the East Coast and gradually moved west across the country. Add to that the powerful cross-border stations in the U.S. and Mexico that were broadcasting as far north as Canada in radio's early days, and what might have started as form of folk music was shaped by commercial American music too. So locating the origins or the sound of Canadian country is pretty tough. Why even bother trying? I'm not going to.
And here, much like in the U.S., we have divisions between those considered to be "Nashville" country and those who better reside in a vague "roots" or "alt-country" category. Those divisions can be arbitrary in my opinion, aside from issues of production (and promotion…). I'd stick hard to that opinion, except I did spend this past Saturday with CMT Canada on in the background, waiting all day for the country music to come on. Ha ha. Goddamn, every song sounds the same. A particularly fascinating example to me was the song "Alberta Bound" by Paul Brandt. I appreciated the imagery of the video and sentiment of the song, but there was something so, I don't know, false about it. It's not fair of me to say that, but I tend to think that those who really feel like they belong in Alberta don't have to say it so obviously. It's just something you know about yourself, and something that can't be railroaded into everyone who's not Albertan, because they won't get it.
(An aside: here's why I don't like this song – and nothing against Paul Brandt, because he seems like a good Calgary ambassador, it's all about the music – this is all Nashville formula. Simple melodic line gets repeated twice, bam, verse. Hey, let's notch up the intensity for the second round so nobody notices it's being repeated. Then bombastic chorus that just lists a bunch of meaningless shit, and finish it off with some sappy sentiment. Reduce the orchestration and start all over again. Make sure the language is pandering garbage, I mean, nobody out there calls themselves a redneck, come on. Ok, sorry, moment of meanness over.)
Compare that to a song like "Alberta in My Dreams" by Tim Williams, or "Alberta Song" by Tom Phillips. Then there's "Alberta's Child" by Ian Tyson or "Old Alberta Moon", and Tim Hus's "Hotel and Saloon"…all of these seem somehow more natural expressions of Albertan identity to me.
That may be a bias I have against people who feel compelled to leave the province (or country) in search of that elusive Nashville career, or there might be something inherent in the music or the lyrics after all.
Of course, where does Gordon Lightfoot's song fit in all this?
Anyway, I've deviated from my original question, which is, where are we at in Canadian country music? I think it's doing fine, the question is more, how willing are we to acknowledge what's happening right in front of us? The industry largely remains underground, and as radio changes and people consume music in new ways, it's unlikely that it will be an enormously successful industry. The money just won't go into it, the promotion (what's there) will fall away, the really ambitious (or crazy?) people will have to go down to Nashville to try to make it big, but the dedicated artists and audience here will stay consistent.
What's perhaps more problematic is that we are still a country who at large claims we can't be "country"; that we lack the conservative (traditionalist?) political leanings, the substantial rural population, the racial homogeneity, the boot-in-your-ass patriotism that we tend to ascribe to the U.S. To enjoy country music would be to admit that we are not, erm, patriotic. It's easier to say that there isn't much Canadian country to speak of, but that which does exist is pretty good because it's all diverse and leftist politics. That's how I hear most of my city friends justify their enjoyment of it, anyway. Or they just defer to Shania's hotness and leave it at that.
So Canadian country remains a sort of exotic guilty pleasure if it's at all acknowledged. I have lost proper perspective on it, since it's pretty much all I think about. I guess it's not the raging success I had figured it was. Or is it?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Joanna Wołosz (ur. 7 kwietnia 1990 w Elblągu) –  polska siatkarka grająca na pozycji rozgrywającej, reprezentantka Polski juniorek i seniorek.

Jej starszy brat, Maciej, również jest siatkarzem.

Życiorys
Ukończyła Szkołę Podstawową nr 25 w Elblągu i Gimnazjum nr 6 w Elblągu. Karierę sportową zaczęła w miejscowym Truso Elbląg. Od 2006 roku grała w barwach Gedanii Gdańsk i uczęszczała do Szkoły Mistrzostwa Sportowego w Sosnowcu. W Gedanii Gdańsk, zdobyła mistrzostwo kadetek oraz wicemistrzostwo juniorek, także 2008 roku zdobyła mistrzostwo Polski juniorek. W 2009 roku wywalczyła awans do mistrzostw Świata juniorek. Była pierwszą rozgrywającą kadry juniorek. W 2010 została powołana przez trenera reprezentacji Polski seniorek – Jerzego Matlaka na turniej Volley Masters Montreux i na Mistrzostwa Świata.

W trakcie sezonu 2021/2022 osiągnęła rekordowy wyczyn w klubowej siatkówce. Jej drużyna Imoco Volley Conegliano od grudnia 2019 roku do 21 listopada 2021 rozegrała 74 meczów i wygrała wszystkie, nie mając żadnej przegranej. Triumfowała we wszystkich pięciu rozgrywkach, w których uczestniczyła - w Superpucharze Włoch, Pucharze Włoch, Mistrzostwach Włoch, Lidze Mistrzyń i w Klubowych Mistrzostwach Świata.

Sukcesy klubowe
Mistrzostwa Polski Kadetek:
  2007
Mistrzostwa Polski Juniorek:
  2008
  2007
Mistrzostwo Włoch:
  2018, 2019, 2021, 2022
  2014
Liga Mistrzyń:
  2021
  2015, 2019, 2022
  2018
Superpuchar Polski:
  2015
Puchar Polski:
  2016, 2017
Mistrzostwo Polski:
  2016, 2017
Superpuchar Włoch:
  2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022
Klubowe Mistrzostwa Świata:
  2019, 2022
  2021
Puchar Włoch:
  2020, 2021, 2022, 2023

Sukcesy reprezentacyjne
Liga Europejska:
  2014
Igrzyska Europejskie:
  2015

Nagrody indywidualne, wyróżnienia
 2011: Miss Pucharu Borysa Jelcyna 2011
 2016: Najlepsza rozgrywająca turnieju finałowego Pucharu Polski
 2017: Najlepsza rozgrywająca turnieju finałowego Pucharu Polski
 2018: MVP finału włoskiej Serie A w sezonie 2017/2018
 2018: Najlepsza rozgrywająca Final Four Ligi Mistrzyń
 2019: Najlepsza rozgrywająca Klubowych Mistrzostw Świata
 2020: Najlepsza rozgrywająca Europejskiego Turnieju Kwalifikacyjnego do Letnich Igrzysk Olimpijskich 2020
 2020: MVP Pucharu Włoch
 2021: Najlepsza rozgrywająca Klubowych Mistrzostw Świata
 2022: MVP Superpucharu Włoch
 2022: Najlepsza rozgrywająca Klubowych Mistrzostw Świata

Przypisy

Reprezentantki Polski w piłce siatkowej
Siatkarki BKS Stal Bielsko-Biała
Siatkarki Gwardii Wrocław
Siatkarki PSPS Chemika Police
Siatkarki Futura Volley Busto Arsizio
Ludzie urodzeni w Elblągu
Urodzeni w 1990

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Lance Armstrong's epic downfall
Josh Levs, CNN
Updated 3:40 PM EDT, Mon October 22, 2012
NEW: A Texas insurance firm could seek as much as $12 million back from Armstrong
French Cycling Federation wants cyclist to return nearly $4 million from Tour de France wins
International Cycling Union's president rejects suggestion group looked the other way
Armstrong has long maintained his innocence
Editor's note: Share your Lance Armstrong stories, videos and photos with the world on CNN iReport.
His reputation is in tatters, the cycling victories that made him a legend are wiped away, and the sponsors that gave him enormous wealth have fled faster than a downhill race to a finish line. But that's only the beginning.
Lance Armstrong is also being asked to pay back millions of dollars. And the term "Armstrong era" is now apparently a moniker for widespread cheating.
The epic downfall of cycling's star, once an idolized icon of millions around the globe, stands out in the history of professional sports.
His latest and biggest plunge came Monday when the International Cycling Union stripped the 41-year-old of his seven Tour de France titles.
Livestrong bracelet: To wear or not to wear?
"Lance Armstrong has no place in cycling," said the union's president, Pat McQuaid, announcing that Armstrong is also banned from the sport.
Piers: Armstrong a 'disgraceful fraud'
Livestrong goes on without founder
Lance Armstrong: 'I've been better'
Photos: Photos: Lance Armstrong's rise and fall
Lance Armstrong's rise and fall —
After denying the allegations for years, cyclist Lance Armstrong admitted to using performance-enhancing drugs. As a result, he was stripped of his seven Tour de France titles and an Olympic bronze medal. Click through the gallery for a look at his life and career.
PHOTO: Lucas Jackson/Reuters/Landov/File
Armstrong, 17, competes in the Jeep Triathlon Grand Prix in 1988. He became a professional triathlete at age 16 and joined the U.S. National Cycling Team two years later.
Armstrong wins the 18th stage of the Tour de France in 1995. He finished the race for the first time that year, ending in 36th place.
Armstrong rides at the Ikon Ride for the Roses to benefit the Lance Armstrong Foundation in May 1998. He established the foundation to benefit cancer research after he was diagnosed with testicular cancer in 1996. After treatment, he was declared cancer-free in February 1997.
Armstrong leads his teammates during the final stage of the 1999 Tour de France.
PHOTO: Allsport/Getty Images
Armstrong takes his honor lap on the Champs-Élysées in Paris after winning the Tour de France for the first time in 1999.
PHOTO: AFP/Getty Images
After winning the 2000 Tour de France, Armstrong holds his son Luke on his shoulders.
Armstrong rides during the 18th stage of the 2001 Tour de France. He won the tour that year for the third consecutive time.
Armstrong celebrates winning the 10th stage of the Tour de France in 2001.
After winning the 2001 Tour de France, Armstrong presents President George W. Bush with a U.S. Postal Service yellow jersey and a replica of the bike he used to win the race.
Armstrong celebrates on the podium after winning the Tour de France by 61 seconds in 2003.
Jay Leno interviews Armstrong on "The Tonight Show" in 2003.
After his sixth consecutive Tour de France win, Armstrong attends a celebration in his honor in front of the Texas State Capitol in Austin.
Armstrong arrives at the 2005 American Music Awards in Los Angeles with then-fiancee Sheryl Crow. The couple never made it down the aisle, splitting up the following year.
Armstrong holds up a paper displaying the number seven at the start of the Tour de France in 2005. He went on to win his seventh consecutive Tour de France.
Armstrong testifies during a Senate hearing in 2008 on Capitol Hill. The hearing focused on finding a cure for cancer in the 21st century.
In 2009, Armstrong suffered a broken collarbone after falling during a race in Spain.
Young Armstrong fans write messages on the ground ahead of the 2009 Tour de France. He came in third place that year.
Armstrong launches the three-day Livestrong Global Cancer Summit in 2009 in Dublin, Ireland. The event was organized by his foundation.
In May 2010, Armstrong crashes during the Amgen Tour of California. That same day, he denied allegations of doping made by former teammate Floyd Landis.
PHOTO: Courtesy Teresa DeLeon
Armstrong looks back as he rides during the 2010 Tour de France.
PHOTO: LIONEL BONAVENTURE/AFP/Getty Images
Armstrong's son Luke; his twin daughters, Isabelle and Grace; and his 1-year-old son, Max, stand outside the Radio Shack team bus on a rest day during the 2010 Tour de France.
Armstrong finished 23rd in the 2010 Tour de France. He announced his retirement from the world of professional cycling in February 2011. He said he wanted to devote more time to his family and the fight against cancer.
The frame of Armstrong's bike is engraved with the names of his four children at the time and the Spanish word for five, "cinco." His fifth child, Olivia, was born in October 2010.
Armstrong competes in the 70.3 Ironman Triathlon in Panama City, Florida, in February 2012. He went on to claim two Half Ironman triathlon titles by June of that year.
PHOTO: Xinhua/Landov
Armstrong addresses participants at the Livestrong Challenge Ride on October 21, 2012, days after he stepped down as chairman of his Livestrong cancer charity.
PHOTO: Tom Pennington/Getty Images
International Cycling Union President Pat McQuaid announces the decision to strip Armstrong of his seven Tour de France wins and ban him from the tournament for life on October 22, 2012. "Lance Armstrong has no place in cycling," he said.
PHOTO: FABRICE COFFRINI/AFP/Getty Images
In January 2013, Armstrong speaks with Oprah Winfrey about the controversy surrounding his cycling career. He admitted, unequivocally and for the first time, that he used performance-enhancing drugs while competing.
PHOTO: George Burns/Oprah Winfrey Network/Getty Images
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The decision followed this month's finding by the U.S. Anti-Doping Agency that there is "overwhelming" evidence Armstrong was involved as a professional cyclist in "the most sophisticated, professionalized and successful doping program." Armstrong has steadfastly maintained his innocence.
McQuaid said he was "sickened" by the report.
But he emphasized, "Cycling has a future."
In a statement, the union wrote, "Today's young riders do not deserve to be branded or tarnished by the past or to pay the price for the Armstrong era."
The group, which officially goes by its French name Union Cycliste Internationale, or UCI, is the cycling's world governing body.
How an all-American hero fell to earth
Following the union's announcement, the French Cycling Federation said it was reissuing its call for Armstrong to return 2.95 million euros – nearly $4 million – that he collected for winning the tours.
And $4 million might be a trifle compared to what SCA Promotions wants back.
The Texas insurance company covered bonuses that Armstrong was promised if he won the Tour de France. In 2002, it paid him $1.5 million; in 2003, $3 million, according to a Texas Monthly article that SCA posted on its website.
But after his 2005 victory, SCA withheld a promised $5 million bonus, citing reports that Armstrong had doped. He fought back in court and won. SCA had to pay not only the $5 million but also attorneys' costs and fees, bringing the total that year to $7.5 million.
The ruling as it happened
So the company could seek as much as $12 million back. In a statement Monday, SCA said it was "considering all legal options to pursue a return of the funds paid by SCA to Mr. Armstrong."
Meanwhile, one of the sponsors that hadn't yet given up on Armstrong dropped out Monday.
He was once "a symbol of possibility," Oakley – which has outfitted him in sunglasses and other gear – said in a statement, adding that it looks "forward with hope to athletes and teams of the future who will rekindle that inspiration by racing clean, fair and honest."
Heavyweights such as Nike, RadioShack and Anheuser-Busch have already fled team Lance, though, like Oakley, they've vowed to continue supporting the Lance Armstrong Foundation, which fights cancer through a program widely known as Livestrong.
Armstrong does get to keep one prized possession from his Tour de France days. The Amaury Sport Organisation, which runs the 21-day tour, told CNN it will not ask him to return the yellow jerseys he won.
Armstrong did not comment Monday. At an event Sunday, he did not refer to the controversy directly but said it's been "an interesting and at times very difficult few weeks."
"People ask me a lot how are you doing," he told participants in his foundation's annual Ride for the Roses in Austin, Texas. "And I tell them I've been better, but I've also been worse."
Though in the past he has often tweeted angry responses against those who accused him of doping, Armstrong has remained uncharacteristically quiet in recent days.
His attorneys did not immediately respond to CNN's requests for comment Monday, and the foundation said it would not make a statement.
Armstrong's story – that of an outspoken cancer survivor who tamed the grueling three-week race more than any other cyclist before or since – had made him a household name. But allegations of doping long dogged his career.
Then came the USADA finding.
Highlights of USADA report
The agency announced it would ban Armstrong from the sport for life and strip him of his results dating from 1998. The decision wiped out 14 years of his career. McQuaid said Monday the cycling union would not appeal USADA's decision.
McQuaid, speaking at a news conference, said he does not believe cycling will ever be free from doping, because "I don't think in any aspect of society there are no cheats. I do believe that doping can be hugely reduced."
The keys are education programs and how teams are structured, he said.
Monday's news conference turned somewhat contentious as reporters asked whether the cycling union had looked the other way for years despite growing allegations of widespread doping in the sport. Armstrong had made two donations to the union for anti-doping technology.
McQuaid insisted his organization never ignored the concerns raised about possible doping. And he wrote off any suggestion that Armstrong's contributions had led the organization to make any decision on the issue.
"The UCI has tested Lance Armstrong 218 times. If Lance Armstrong was able to beat the system, then the responsibility for addressing that rests not only with the UCI but also with" the anti-doping agencies that accepted the results, the cycling union said in its statement.
The International Olympic Committee also is reviewing the evidence and could revoke Armstrong's bronze medal from the 2000 Sydney Games.
With Armstrong's disgrace, will anything change?
The cycling union will meet later this week to discuss whether to award the seven Tour de France titles – from 1999 to 2005 – to another rider.
The group's announcement Monday leaves Greg LeMond as the only American to win the tour. He did so in 1986, 1989 and 1990.
U.S. cyclist Floyd Landis was stripped of his 2006 Tour de France victory in 2010.
In the past, Armstrong has argued that he took more than 500 drug tests and never failed. In its 202-page report, the USADA said it had tested Armstrong less than 60 times and the International Cycling Union conducted about 215 tests.
"Thus the number of actual controls on Mr. Armstrong over the years appears to have been considerably fewer than the number claimed by Armstrong and his lawyers," the USADA said.
The agency didn't say that Armstrong ever failed one of those tests, but his former teammates testified as to how they beat tests or avoided the test administrators altogether. Several riders also said team officials seemed to know when random drug tests were coming, the report said.
Armstrong stepped down last week as chairman of his foundation but said he will continue to be involved. Some of the foundation's donors are furious over the scandal and want their money back.
"We will not be deterred," Armstrong said Friday night at the organization's 15th anniversary celebration in Austin. "We will move forward."
Doping scandal costs Armstrong sponsors, charity
CNN's Ed Payne, Jason Morris, and Arthur Brice contributed to this report.


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Clarity grades range from Flawless (FL), where under 10x magnification a diamond is completely free of inclusions, to Included 3 (I3) (P3)where diamonds possess large, heavy inclusions that are visible to the naked eye.
Though flawless diamonds are the rarest, a diamond does not have to be flawless to be stunning. Diamonds with VVS and VS Clarity grades represent excellent choices for both value and appearance. Even diamonds with an SI rating do not have inclusions that are visible to the naked eye and offer a more affordable option.
The most well-known and misunderstood characteristic of the 4Cs is Carat Weight. It actually refers to the diamond's weight, not its size. A Carat is a standard unit of measure that defines the weight of a diamond.
Larger diamonds are found much less frequently in nature. Thus, for example, a 1 Carat diamond will cost more than twice that of a 0.50 Carat diamond (assuming Colour, Clarity and Cut remain constant).
The size of a finished polished diamond is directly related to its Carat weight. However, the actual dimensions are entirely dependent upon its proportions. On average, a well proportioned 1 Carat round brilliant cut diamond has a diameter of approximately 6.4mm. In comparison, a shallow cut diamond of the same weight may be anything up to 20% larger in diameter, whereas a deep cut diamond of the same weight may be as much as 20% smaller in diameter. Neither of these variations will sparkle as much as a well proportioned diamond.
After many attempts to standardise the weight of the Carat, the United States, United Kingdom and Europe adopted the use of the Metric Carat, which has become the standard unit of weight used throughout the diamond and gemstone industry today: 1 Carat = 0.2 Grams.
A diamond certificate, also known as a diamond grading report, is an easily understood document prepared by an expert gemologist that describes the key characteristics of a diamond. A certificate from a gemological laboratory verifies the quality of a loose diamond and allows non-experts to make educated diamond buying decisions easily and without confusion or danger of misrepresentation.
The report records the authenticity of a diamond using an internationally recognised system and provides a reliable and accurate report of its Carat weight, Colour, Clarity, and Cut.
It is important that the diamond certificate has been produced by an independent diamond grading laboratory, such as GIA or HRD and not by the retailer who is selling you the diamond. Be cautious of retailers who issue their own "in-house diamond certificates" or "manufacturer's grading reports" as these are not independent certificates and could be biased.
Diamond grading laboratories such as those mentioned above use the latest technology to assess the nature, quality and conditions of a finished, polished diamond. Most certificates generally include an analysis of each of the 4 C's, together with a clarity diagram showing the position of any inclusions.
Monty Adams Jewellery Concierge diamonds come with independent certificates from leading diamond grading labs.
The diamond colour evaluation of most gem-quality diamonds is based on the absence of colour. A chemically pure and structurally perfect diamond has no hue, like a drop of pure water, and consequently, a higher value. GIA's D-to-Z diamond colour-grading system measures the degree of colourlessness by comparing a stone under controlled lighting and precise viewing conditions to masterstones of established colour value.
Many of these diamond colour distinctions are so subtle that they are invisible to the untrained eye; however, these distinctions make a very big difference in diamond quality and price.


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With Promising Results from Abbott's COVID Tests, HHS Commits to Ongoing Shipments for Nursing Homes
With one COVID-19 vaccine authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and another likely to gain approval soon, the end of the pandemic could be coming into view.
In the meantime, though, testing remains a critical element of the response, particularly for skilled nursing facilities, and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) reiterated a commitment to support that element in nursing homes and long-term care facilities in a media briefing held Thursday.
HHS is will maintain an initiative, launched in September, in which approximately 750,000 point-of-care Abbott BinaxNOW COVID-19 Ag Card tests were sent to nursing homes across the U.S., HHS assistant health secretary Adm. Brett Giroir said on Thursday.
At the end of August, HHS, in conjunction with the Department of Defense, had placed an order for 150 million rapid Abbott BinaxNOW tests for a total of $760 million. That September initiative would later be expanded to 18 million tests shipped to nursing homes.
The contract with Abbott Laboratories (NYSE: ABT) will be completed in early January, Giroir said.
"We have extended the contract for the federal government to procure an additional 30 million tests," he said. "This will enable us to directly ship approximately 10 million per month for three months to our vulnerable populations, including long-term care, assisted living, and as needed to HBCUs [historically black colleges and universities], tribes, disaster victims and similar populations."
Nursing homes over the course of the fall began to turn toward the Abbott tests — as Gioir had noted previously — in favor of the units from medical device firms BD and Quidel that formed the backbone of the initial push to ship point-of-care antigen COVID-19 tests to nursing homes.
Some anecdotal reports from operators seemed to suggest that the supplies for the Abbott test held fairly steady over the course of the fall. In the media briefing, Giroir noted that there are signs the Binax test is particularly useful for testing people for COVID-19 under a range of circumstances.
"We have increasing — and I would say definitive evidence from multiple academic and other sources — that Binax tests in particular are highly sensitive and specific for both symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, and for both adults and children," Giroir said on the call.
As of this week, HHS has shipped out 102 million BinaxNOW tests, with 35.9 million going to vulnerable populations.
Antigen tests for COVID-19 detect fragments of proteins on or within the COVID-19 virus; the Abbott system uses a test card to determine positive or negative results, according to an HHS fact sheet. The Quidel Sofia and Sofia 2 Instruments and BD Veritor Plus Systems use a processing unit and separate testing kits.
Giroir clarified during the question-and-answer portion of the call that HHS "plan[s] to supply nursing homes and assisted living on a routine basis, not on an 'as needed' basis."
The system would be similar to shipments of tests based on the current testing requirements for nursing homes, which are determined by COVID-19 transmission in the community, Giroir said. Under the current regulations, providers in so-called "red" counties must test their staffers twice weekly, compared to weekly for "yellow" areas and once per month in the lowest-level "green" counties. When the testing initiative was first announced in July, SNFs in counties with a high prevalence of COVID-19 were prioritized.
"We don't plan on anything differing," Giroir said Thursday. "We want to continue to support the most vulnerable until they're all immunized."
Abbott Laboratories, Department of Health and Human Services
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COVID Support Will Not Save Flawed Nursing Home Operators in 2021 as Distress Looms Large
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DPM Tharman praises French football system that produced World Cup winners
Tharman Shanmugaratnam
Staff Writer, Singapore
·Editorial Team
16 July 2018, 2:27 am
Singaporean politician and economist, 5th and current Senior Minister of Singapore
Deputy Prime Minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam speaks with journalists at the World Economic Forum on Africa 2017 meeting in Durban, South Africa on 5 May 2017. (PHOTO: Reuters)
France's World Cup victory has shown "what is possible" when there is an effective football system in place and "every young person is encouraged and supported in developing his or her strengths", said Deputy Prime Minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam.
In a Facebook post on Monday (16 July), he congratulated the French team while noting that many of its players came from "poor, mainly immigrant neighbourhoods in the suburbs ('banlieues') of Paris and Lyon".
While football may have been one of the few outlets for youngsters from such neighbourhoods to showcase their talents, their success also "has to do with the French system of providing qualified coaches in the neighbourhoods, spotting young talents, and sending the best to France's central football academy", said Tharman.
"It will take a lot more than a World Cup victory… to overcome the lack of opportunities and long-standing prejudices against those from these poor neighbourhoods," the 61-year-old Jurong GRC Member of Parliament added.
"But it shows what is possible when a leaf is taken from the French football system, and every young person is encouraged and supported in developing his or her strengths."
Tharman's comments came amid a stir over the Ministry of Defence's (MINDEF) rejection of an application by 17-year-old Singaporean footballer Benjamin Davis to have his national service (NS) enlistment deferred in order to pursue a professional contract with Premier League side Fulham FC.
According to media reports on Sunday, MINDEF had rejected Davis' deferment application as he "did not meet the criteria for long-term deferment from full-time NS".
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