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Is Your Agent Sabotaging Your Career?
By Alexandra Boylan on	 February 1, 2016 Actor, Career, Entrepreneurship, Jobs In the Industry
As an actress turned producer my eyes have really been opened to the negative effect agents can have on their actors' careers. And the scary thing is that the actor probably has no idea what is going on.
I produce indie films. So far both my films have sold to a large distribution company and have gone on to sell on the shelves of Walmart and Hastings, available on Amazon, iTunes and Netflix.
Our budgets are still micro, but we are building an audience and growing bigger each time. So you can imagine my shock when we go to hire a local actor (with maybe a couple of imdb credits) and their agent comes back with a list of demands that only a name actor that pulls in a large audience could ask for.
On one of our feature films we cast many roles locally. We really liked two of the actors we auditioned for the lead role in the film and it was a knife's edge as to whom we would pick.
After a lot of debate we made our decision. I called this particular actor to offer the SAG New Media paid leading role in our film and was a little surprised by his attitude on the phone. He was not excited and had more questions than I expected of a kid who was 'getting a break'. We called another actor to offer him a different role in the movie and his enthusiasm, excitement, and kind spirit was contagious.
A day later I got a call from the agent of the actor to whom we had offered the "lead" role. She went on to make crazy demands for her client like points in the back end (beyond SAG residuals), a trailer on set, per diem, 5 star accommodations . . . and she insulted my film in the process. I kept telling her, 'your client has never made a movie, why would we give him all of these things?'
Listen people, when you hold no cards you can't have a full house.
I was shocked she wasn't ecstatic that her client was offered the lead role in a movie opposite a star name. I got off the phone thinking, 'I don't want to cast this kid anymore, because I know his agent is going to be difficult to work with. Set is full of enough stress; I don't want to add any more troubles to my production.
We immediately retracted our offer to that actor and I called up the other actor to give him the good news. He was now the lead in the movie. He was excited, grateful, generous, and a blast to work with.
Want to know the fate of these two actors?
Garrett Westton who graciously accepted the lead role in the film, was portrayed on the cover of our DVD that graces the shelves of Walmart today.
He moved to Los Angeles, landed an agent and was recently seen in the Disney show, "Best Friends Whenever." His performance in the film is viewable in five countries and counting. I have no doubt he has a bright and beautiful future ahead of him, not only because he is insanely talented and good-looking, but also because he is smart, kind, and easy to work with.
The actor who was too good for our little movie, and whose agent insulted our film, was most recently seen by one of our crew members, doing extra work in the hometown area.
I really want to shine a light on this issue and share what I have learned. Maybe it will save an actor out there from losing a part they really wanted, a role that could change their career and ultimately, their life.
You might not be aware of what your agent is doing behind your back. I have experienced this most recently on my new movie. And thank goodness we really liked the person and worked it out with them, because we were on the verge of moving on to a different actor without a second glance. Don't forget there are hundreds of people right behind you.
If your agent seems difficult, I assume the actor might be too, and unless you are Brad Pitt or a star name that is going to sell your movie at the marketplace, a producer just doesn't have the energy or time to deal with insane demands or unnecessary egos.
Did I mention we take direct submissions for our movies? These actors have submitted themselves, come in for the audition on their own, and then once cast, the agent materializes and begins to negotiate on the actor's behalf. Most actors don't know that these emails are even being sent or what they say.
If you submit yourself for a project and you've worked things out with the producers, do not allow your agent to get in there and start sabotaging a deal that you already put into place. It's very frustrating for the producers and frankly a big waste of time.
My advice is to stay in close communication with your agent and the producer, so you are one hundred percent aware of what's going on. Be wise enough to know when you need your agent to get involved and when you don't. If you have been cast in a low budget indie movie, there is no room to negotiate, because low budget films have very little money and there are fifty people lined up behind you wanting that part.
Remember, the world owes you nothing, be grateful, don't be a problem!
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No commissioners to be seen at Great Glen House this past week
Following the controversial Crofting Commission board meeting in Brora their next one was set down to take place at Great Glen House in Inverness on 9 November 2016. However a few days before the date of that meeting a notice appeared on the Crofting Commission's website stating that:-
The Board meeting due to take place on 9 November has been postponed, as several Commissioners are not available on that date. A new date is being arranged and will be notified as soon as possible.
This is quite extraordinary. These meetings are scheduled months, perhaps a whole year, in advance. Commissioners know when they are happening and should be available for them. There will always be occasions when a commissioner can't make the meeting for good reason but the meetings continue regardless with those who can attend.
Meetings of the Crofting Commission must consist of at least five members. Where there are three or more elected members, the quorum must include no fewer than three such members.
There are currently seven commissioners in post out of the nine possible, with two positions waiting to be filled following the resignations of Susan Walker and William Swann.
So were at least three of the commissioners not able to attend the meeting on 9 November and if so why not?
Commissioners may attend meetings by videoconference or by teleconference if not able to attend in person. Is it really the case that at least three commissioners could not attend in person and could not attend by videoconference or by teleconference?
There does not appear to be anything in the Standing Orders relating to the Conduct of Meetings for the Crofting Commission allowing the postponement or rescheduling of a meeting in advance of it taking place once a date has been fixed.
There are provisions on the day of the meeting if a quorum is not present for the Convener to allow ten minutes before adjourning the meeting and fixing a time, then or afterwards, for it to take place.
As often seems to be the case these days the Crofting Commission appear to be ignoring the rules and making it up as they go along.
It has been suggested by some that the divisions within the board, and the position that has prevailed since the Brora meeting, mean they simply cannot meet and cannot make decisions at board level. At least not whilst the current Convener remains in post.
Bill Barron, on being appointed interim Chief Executive, said:-
I am looking forward to working with everyone at the Crofting Commission and our partners, to ensure that the Commission remains focused on giving a good service to crofters, promoting and protecting the interests of crofting, and providing effective regulation.
Not a good start to his watch for him to allow the first board meeting to be cancelled. There is clearly actually a severe lack of focus on giving a good service to crofters, promoting and protecting the interests of crofting, and providing effective regulation.
Meantime the Scottish Government has formally announced its review into the governance of the Crofting Commission. The latest goings on at Great Glen House, this past week alone, demonstrate how necessary such a review actually is.
This entry was posted in Crofting Commission and tagged Bill Barron, Brora, Crofting Commission, Crofting Commissioners, crofting regulation, Great Glen House, Interim Chief Executive of the Crofting Commission, Inverness, postposed, Susan Walker, William Swann on November 12, 2016 by Brian Inkster.
The Cross-Party Elephant?
Was there an elephant in the room at the crofting cross-party group meeting?
The cross-party group on crofting met last Wednesday at Holyrood.
It was very ably chaired by Tavish Scott MSP. He is one of the three co-conveners of the group, having been elected along with Kate Forbes MSP at the last meeting to replace Michael Russell MSP after Mr Russell became Brexit Minister. Rhoda Grant MSP is the third co-convener of the group.
Fergus Ewing MSP, cabinet secretary with responsibility for crofting, was a special guest at the meeting.
Mr Ewing made it clear at the outset that he couldn't comment in any respect on the current controversy regarding the convener of the Crofting Commission given the allegations made by him against Mr Ewing which are the subject of an independent investigation.
Mr Ewing outlined all that the Scottish Government is currently doing to assist crofting and its future.
In particular he discussed future crofting law reform. The Scottish Government wants to modernise crofting law and make it transparent, understandable and workable in practice. Mr Ewing made it clear that they very much wanted to listen with no precise timetable in mind.
Mr Ewing stressed the importance of taking time to get it right. I couldn't endorse that view more and trust that we won't see the chaos of a huge number of last minute amendments that was encountered in creating the Crofting Reform (Scotland) Bill in 2010. That was possibly partly responsible for many of the issues (not common grazings ones that were not affected by the 2010 legislation) that has led to the current Scottish Government having to tackle crofting law reform so soon again.
After Mr Ewing left the meeting we continued with the topic of crofting law reform. Derek Flyn outlined the background to the crofting law sump report which he described as a "collection of what is wrong with crofting law".
Michael O'Neil, the newly appointed Head of the Scottish Government Legislation Team, then outlined proposals to take crofting law reform forward.
Mr O'Neil indicated his intention to involve as wide a range of stakeholders as possible. He will get out and about and meet anyone he needs to speak with.
He will refer to the information contained in the crofting law sump and in the Shucksmith Report.
Some questions Mr O'Neil had in mind included:-
Why do we need crofting legislation?
What changes need to be made to it?
How do we go about delivering the changes identified?
Are there other options to new legislation?
A small team has been assembled by the Scottish Government to take crofting law reform forward.
It will be interesting to see this process move forward and we will keep you posted on the Crofting Law Blog as it does.
Bill Barron, the new Chief Executive of the Crofting Commission, was attending his first cross party group meeting. On the agenda was an "update on grazing committee removals and other current Crofting Commission business". He appeared to dodge being able to provide that update on the basis that it was his fifth day in the job.
However, sitting next to him was the Convener of the Crofting Commission, Colin Kennedy. Mr Kennedy did not offer an update on grazing committee removals and other current Crofting Commission business. Indeed, other than to introduce himself as all attendees did at the outset, Mr Kennedy sat silent throughout the entire meeting. He didn't speak and no one asked him to speak.
This was, of course, the first crofting cross-party group meeting that Mr Kennedy has attended in this session of Parliament, having avoided the last two. He has thus not expressed the views of the Crofting Commission to the cross-party group since this session of Parliament commenced.
Mr Kennedy has, however, been very vocal in expressing his own personal views (which don't necessarily coincide with those of the board of the Crofting Commission) in the media over the past few weeks including, in particular, in four successive editions of the Scottish Farmer.
His presence at last week's cross party group meeting was referred to by some as the elephant in the room. But can the situation simply be ignored?
This entry was posted in Common Grazings, Crofting Commission, Crofting Reform and tagged Broragate, Cabinet Secretary for the Rural Economy and Connectivity, Colin Kennedy, Common Grazings, Convener of Crofting Commission, crofting law, crofting law reform, Crofting Law Sump, Crofting Minister, Crofting Reform (Scotland) Act 2010, Crofting Reform (Scotland) Bill, Cross-Party Group on Crofting, Derek Flyn, Fergus Ewing, Fergus Ewing MSP, Holyrood, Kate Forbes, Kate Forbes MSP, Rhoda Grant, Rhoda Grant MSP, Scottish Government, Tavish Scott, Tavish Scott MSP on November 7, 2016 by Brian Inkster.

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The Hybrid, AKA Scintilla (2014) Science Fiction That Feels Real
This 2014 film, originally titled Scintilla is one of the most believable science fiction movies on offer at the moment. Its tale of genetic experimentation and finding DNA on meteorites scattered across Russia which go towards making a human/alien hybrid feels all too real in a time where gene splicing is almost becoming the norm.
Directed by Billy O'Brien (Isolation, Ferocious Planet) from a script with no less than five writers, one of whom is the director himself, and starring John Lynch (Black Death, The Secret Garden), Craig Conway (Doomsday, The Stagg Do) and proving that there is life after Misfits, Antonia Thomas. The cast is rounded out by a group of excellent character actors that include Jumayn Hunter from Attack the Block and Eden Lake, who all really help to sell this film's story.
Lynch, who has been a favorite since The Secret Garden plays Powell, a mercenary who is in prison being tortured at the start of the film. He is released to retrieve a scientist who is ensconced in a underground lab. The doctor is busily experimenting on human/alien hybrids and Powell heads up a team, of his old mercenary comrades, to enter the facility.
This movie looks brilliant. Resembling a war film rather than a science fiction thriller, which it really is, helps to sell the plot, telekinesis and telepathy included. The hybrids, and the Mole Rats are equally disturbing although the alien/human specimens initially move the viewer more toward pity. Later, those feelings are replaced with a sense of fear as the male gets loose.
The director has done a brilliant job of letting his actors run with the roles assigned them. Amusingly, Craig Conway's character gets something lopped off, reminiscent of his Sol in Doomsday and he actually gets the best line in the film, "iPhone batteries always let you down." His Mason may spend a good portion of the film silent, but he gets the best, albeit short, character arc of the lot with a great redemption scene as well.
Ned Dennehy (Blitz, Sherlock Holmes) as Harris gives a great performance as the chap who seems to be capable of doing it all. A sort of Chief Cook and Bottle Washer who also has a pretty decent arc. Keep an eye on Chris Ellis-Stanton, who plays Williams, this actor has the presence of a young Roger Moore and will no doubt become someone who graces British screens quite a lot in the future.
The only let down in the film's cast is the scientist, played by Beth Winslet. That could well be down to the lines her character had to deliver with a maximum amount of dispassion. Available on US Netflix at the moment this film earns a good 4 out of 5 stars for being presented in such way that the viewer is not overwhelmed by the more fantastical side of science fiction. From Powell's constant eating of what appears to be either a corn beef or ham sandwich to the Russian biker girl (played superbly by
Aiste Gramantaite) with enough attitude to sink a ship, the film, its plot and characters all have a gritty believability that is a pleasure to experience.
Do not miss this cracking little film with the big cast and don't let the hoodie at the end terrify you too much.
Michael Knox-Smith
Author: Mike's Film Talk
Former Actor, Former Writer, Former Journalist, USAF Veteran, http://MikesFilmTalk.com Former Member Nevada Film Critics Society	View all posts by Mike's Film Talk
Author Mike's Film TalkPosted on May 19, 2015 Categories Entertainment, Film ReviewsTags Aiste Gramantaite, Antonia Thomas, Chris Ellis-Stanton, Craig Conway, entertainment, Film Review, John Lynch, Ned Dennehy, Netflix, Russian, Scintilla, The Hybrid
3 thoughts on "The Hybrid, AKA Scintilla (2014) Science Fiction That Feels Real"
I felt it was vary realistic and it only has 1 1/2 stars on Netflix… most likely to cover up the fact that this kind of thing happened a few times. The truth is out there…
Michael Garber says:
The best SCIFI cinema in recent memory. Never a dull moment in a bleak noire environment. This would be a rave in an more demanding shitty "Avatar" is great realm. Should at least become a future top 5 most unappreciated listing. Multiple viewings recommended.
Trumpetfoote says:
Agreed! Just found this on Xtv via Roku. Great movie.
Let me know what you think! Cancel reply
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"I hold it, that a little rebellion, now and then, is a good thing, and as necessary in the political world as storms in the physical."


Kazuo Ishiguro, who has won the 2017 Nobel Prize in Literature, joined the University of East Anglia's (UEA) MA in Creative Writing in 1979, graduating the following year.
In an anthology compiled for the 40th anniversary of UEA's Creative Writing programme in 2011, Mr Ishiguro wrote of his first weeks in Norfolk and on campus.
Prof Jon Cook, who taught Mr Ishiguro when he was an MA student at UEA, reacted to the "fabulous news".
Prof Cook said: "His impact on English literature is the result of a remarkable imaginative synthesis of the styles and sensibilities of two cultures: the Japanese and the English. His work is informed by his experience of both cultures, even when he is not writing directly about their interaction."
Mr Ishiguro is due to appear at the UEA Literary Festival on October 11, and is also giving a masterclass to current MA students. When he last visited the University in 2013 to work with MA Prose Fiction students, he was "extraordinarily warm, generous, informative, helpful and intelligent. We even got to advise him on the title of his next novel, which became of course The Buried Giant," said Henry Sutton, a senior lecturer in Creative Writing at UEA.
In his memories of his days as a UEA student, Mr Ishiguro wrote: "I'd rented a room in a small house occupied by a youngish man whose wife of two years had just left him. No doubt, for him, the house was filled with the ghosts of his wrecked dreams – or perhaps he just wanted to avoid me; in any case, I wouldn't set eyes on him for days on end. In other words, after the frenetic life I'd been leading in London, here I was, faced with an unusual amount of quiet and solitude in which to transform myself into a writer.
"It was in this room that I examined carefully the two short stories I'd written over the summer, wondering if they were too dreadful to submit to my new classmates. At that point in my life I'd written virtually nothing else in the way of prose fiction, having earned my place on the course with a radio play rejected by the BBC. In fact, having previously made firm plans to become a rock star by the time I was twenty, my literary ambitions had only just made themselves known to me.
Prof Christopher Bigsby, director of UEA's Autumn Literary Festival, said Mr Ishiguro's "early novels were characterised by a tightly controlled prose and concerned people, on the fringes of major events, who committed themselves to the wrong cause.


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Intermittently amusing and extremely familiar, Legally Blonde treads familiar ground on a reasonably funny premise (based on the book by Amanda Brown). There is just not enough material to keep the movie going in this Clueless goes to college story. Elle Woods (Reese Witherspoon, The Trumpet of the Swan, Little Nicky) is the quintessential ditzy blonde. She is in charge of her sorority, knows her hair care and clothes, and embodies nearly every blonde stereotype known to man. However, Elle is smarter than she appears. So when her boyfriend Warner Huntington III (Matthew Davis, Pearl Harbor, Urban Legends: Final Cut), aspiring law student and Senator, dumps her because she does not fit his idea of a wife, she decides to do what it takes to make him see she truly loves him.
This means joining him at Harvard Law School. Inexplicably, she makes it in, thanks to her studious tenacity and the college's attempts at diversity. At Harvard, she is the social outcast. Nobody will take her serious. Worse, Warner has a new snooty fiancee, Vivian Kensington (Selma Blair, Down to You, Cruel Intentions). This only strengthens Elles's resolve to succeed. As Elle implausibly rises higher, she begins to realize that she is enjoying Law School, and that Warner does not matter that much. Director Robert Luketic (Titsiana Booberini) sticks with this message for the duration of the movie. Elle, Warner, and Vivian all end up working on a case with one of their professors. They are defending Brooke Taylor (Ali Larter, Final Destination, House on Haunted Hill), a young woman accused of murdering her older husband. The only person looking out for Elle and encouraging her is Emmett (Luke Wilson, Charlie's Angels, Committed), an employee at the firm Elle is working at.
The story just runs out of steam partway through. So screenwriters Karen McCullah Lutz and Kirsten Smith (the same team who wrote 10 Things I Hate About You) throw in random storylines. One involving Jennifer Coolidge (Pootie Tang, Down to Earth) is particularly useless and not funny. There are only so many blonde jokes that they can poke fun of, and Lutz and Smith run the gamut. Legally Blonde is also not clever or witty enough to be memorable. All the jokes are of the bubblegum/popcorn variety. They are funny but almost instantly forgettable. It's up to Witherspoon to carry the movie in her very capable hands. She plays Elle with a sunny, ever-optimistic outlook on life, no matter what happens. Even when she is insulting somebody (which occurs rarely), she does it so happily and innocently. Elle is blissfully ignorant amidst a crowd of cynical law students. Unlike many of the jokes, Elle's personality never wears thin.
Haro Rates It: Okay.
1 hour, 36 minutes, Rated PG-13 for language and sexual references.
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Pakistan-Malaysia relations: Malaysia considered for projects
In the most recent data collected, Pakistan stands at 152 on the United Nation's Human Development Index (HDI). The HDI is a measure of a country's growth that encompass the people's average life span, accessibility to education as well as decent standards of living. It is only right for the nation's leader, Prime Minister Imran Khan, to want to look for solutions. And according to the United States Energy Information...
SapuraOMV starts production on Larak Field in Borneo, Malaysia
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Indonesia signs multiple deals with UAE
The energy industry in Indonesia is up for some big changes, as the country has signed 11 business deals worth 314.9 trillion rupiahs ($23 billion) with the United Arab Emirates. These deals involve multiple investments in energy and other sectors. The two countries signed multiple memorandums in the presence of Mohamed bin Zayed al Nahyan, crown prince of Abu Dhabi and Joko Widodo, Indonesia's President. They were also announced by...
JX Nippon starts oil production off Malaysia
Japanese petroleum giant JX Nippon has commenced oil production from a newly installed floating production, storage and offloading vessel at the Layang field off Malaysia. The partnership between the giant's subsidiary in Malaysia and Petronas Carigali, which started from 3rd December 2019, is being handled by Helang FPSO, a company owned by Yinson Holdings. The estimated output from this field is about 3000 barrels per day and about 10,000 barrels...
Offshore exploration well spudded in the Natuna Sea
An offshore exploration well has been spudded by Indonesia's Medco Energi at its multi-field oil and gas complex in Block B in the Natuna Sea. In 1986, the Natuna Sea was recognised officially as its' own entity by the International Hydrographic Organisation as it was previously acknowledged as part of the South China Sea. The initial process has been done through semi-submersible Hakuryu-5, the first semi-submersible spudding in Indonesia. The...
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It is important to use a new sharp for each injection to reduce harm to your skin and for more comfort.
Used sharps should be immediately placed in a sharps disposal container. FDA-cleared sharps containers are generally available through pharmacies, medical supply companies, healthcare providers and online.
In general, sharps containers are puncture and leak resistant and keep the sharp contained.


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Barrier Family Letters›
Letter. William Lafayette Barrier, Hanover Junction,... ›
Letter. William Lafayette Barrier, Hanover Junction, Virginia, to Mathias Barrier, Mt. Pleasant, North Carolina
Part of: Barrier Family Letters
Barrier confirms receipt of his father's "kind favor of the 17th." He is glad to learn that Rufus's company is in such good health, though he is saddened to hear of some losses among the men: "Such is the fate of camp life." He writes that, while there have been rumors of action to the west, he hopes that they are unfounded, because the last Fredericksburg fight (the battle of Chancellorsville, 2 May 1863) was "very hard," and "many a brave boy fell there," even if the Confederates were victorious. He writes of the death of Stonewall Jackson, saying, "The fall of General Jackson is much lamented. He fell at the hands of his own men & by his own order. It seems to have been a Providential affair and I trust that his death will result in good to our cause." The 59th Regiment of North Carolina Troops (cavalry) passed through Barrier's camp just a week ago, and he saw many acquaintances, all of whom seemed to be in good health. George Barringer was also with them, though now he is on his way home "for the purpose of purchasing horses." He closes with information about various regimental reorganizations and best wishes to his family. The bifolium also includes a single page letter written to "Dear Pap and Mam" by L. Rowan Rose, who had been mustered in to Co. F on 15 May as a substitute.
MSN/CW 5057-23
Also from Barrier Family Letters
Letter. William Lafayette Barrier, Hanover Junction, Virginia to Mathias Barrier, Mt. Pleasant, North Carolina
Letter. William Lafayette Barrier, Camp 1st N.C. Cavalry, to Mathias Barrier, Mt. Pleasant, North Carolina
Letter. William Lafayette Barrier, Culpeper County, Virginia, to Mathias Barrier, Mt. Pleasant, North Carolina
Letter. William Lafayette Barrier, Camp four miles north of Culpeper Court House, Virginia, to Mathias Barrier, Mt. Pleasant, North Carolina


Castello di San Michele is an imposing medieval citadel in Cagliari in Sardinia built by the Spanish in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. However, there were structures on this site from the tenth century.
Later serving as the luxurious home of the Carroz family until 1511, the function of Castello di San Michele changed entirely in the seventeenth century when it became a quarantine section for plague victims.
Now home to temporary exhibits, Castello di San Michele is made up of three main towers joined by a series of thick walls.
Open daily except Mondays. Entry costs €6.
Just as empires rise and fall so do entry fees and opening hours! While we work as hard as we can to ensure the information provided here about Castello di San Michele is as accurate as possible, the changing nature of certain elements mean we can't absolutely guarantee that these details won't become a thing of the past. If you know of any information on this page that needs updating you can add a comment above or e-mail us.


•	Awarded the Doctorate of Medicine (DM) for this research in 2004 by the University of Nottingham, UK.
•	Graduation Seth GS Medical College and the KEM Hospital, Mumbai.
•	Soon after completion of her MD, she was selected for higher training by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, London.
•	Within a year of going to the UK, she became a Member of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, London (MRCOG).
•	Worked in busy hospitals in the UK including Nottingham City Hospital and Derby City General Hospital.
•	High Risk Pregnancy (Perinatology) experience at the Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital of Nottingham.
•	RCOG accredited specialist in Feto-Maternal Medicine, trained under the guidance of Professor David James, Nottingham.
•	Appointed as a Consultant in Feto-maternal Medicine and Obstetrics at the Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital of Nottingham in 2001.
•	Appointed the Director of the Fetal Medicine Unit (Pregnancy Assessment Centre) at Queen's Medical Centre, University Hospital of Nottingham in 2002.
•	Worked and trained with eminent Professors and leaders in the field of High Risk Pregnancy, Perinatology and Fetal Medicine.
•	Returned to Mumbai (after 14 years in the UK) as an Obstetrician and Specialist in Feto-maternal Medicine.
•	Currently a Consultant at the Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Andheri, Mumbai.
•	Aims to practice as a Specialist in Feto-maternal medicine with active participation in teaching and training of Obstetric Ultrasound and Fetal Medicine.


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Q: Calling a stored procedure from another stored procedure I have two fairly large and complex stored procedures.  I want to call a second stored procedure from the first stored procedure.  For example:
-- stored_procedure_one
select tb1.col1, tb1.col2, sp1.col3, sp1.col4
from table1 tb1
inner join stored_procedure_two sp1 on sp1.col1 = tbl1.col1

Is something similar possible with SQL as the above script gives me an invalid object error message.
Using a temp table is not good in this example, because if I did that, it would take an hour just to fill the temp table with all the data from the second stored procedure.  I only want the stored procedure to return the needed data.

A: This is not going to work. You cannot join on a stored procedure. However, you could consider changing stored_procedure_two into a table-valued user defined function. You could then 'join' via a Cross Apply. I have done this on numerous occasions and it works quite well.
If the second stored procedure is too large and complex, it may not be possible to convert to a UDF. In this case, I think your only alternative is to save the results of the second stored proc to a table and join on that. But that could be somewhat inefficient and messy.

A: You may add the results of the second procedure in a local variable table
DECLARE @Table TABLE
(
  Col1 int,
  Col2 ...
)

INSERT INTO @Table
EXEC stored_procedure_two

select tb1.col1, tb1.col2, sp1.col3, sp1.col4
from table1 tb1
inner join @Table tbl2 on sp1.col1 = tbl1.col1

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This is the 26th Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report for the Project which summarizes the monitoring results and audit findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period from 1 to 28 February 2018.
The key activities of the Project carried out in the reporting period included reclamation works and land-side works. Reclamation works included deep cement mixing (DCM) works, seawall construction, laying of sand blanket, and prefabricated vertical drain (PVD) installation. Land-side works included horizontal directional drilling (HDD) works, site establishment, site office construction, road and drainage works, cable ducting, demolition and modification of existing facilities, piling, and excavation works.
Environmental auditing works, including weekly site inspections of construction works conducted by the ET and bi-weekly site inspections conducted by the Independent Environmental Checker (IEC), audit of SkyPier High Speed Ferries (HSF), audit of construction and associated vessels, and audit of implementation of Marine Mammal Watching Plan (MMWP) and Dolphin Exclusion Zone (DEZ) Plan, were conducted in the reporting period. Based on information including ET's observations, records of Marine Surveillance System (MSS), and contractors' site records, it is noted that environmental pollution control and mitigation measures were properly implemented and construction operation of the Project in the reporting period did not introduce adverse impacts to the sensitive receivers.
The water quality monitoring results for dissolved oxygen (DO), turbidity, total alkalinity, and nickel obtained during the reporting period complied with their corresponding Action and Limit Levels stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme if being triggered. For suspended solids (SS) and chromium, some of the testing results triggered the relevant Action or Limit Level, and the corresponding investigations were conducted accordingly. The investigation findings concluded that the cases were not related to the Project. To conclude, the construction operation in the reporting period did not introduce adverse impact to all water quality sensitive receivers.
The monthly terrestrial ecology monitoring on Sheung Sha Chau observed that HDD works were conducted at the daylighting location and there was no encroachment upon the egretry area nor any significant disturbance to the ardeids foraging at Sheung Sha Chau by the works.
A complaint on noise from Sha Chau works was received on 5 Feb 2018.
No observation relating to construction works and deployment of powered mechanical equipment during restricted hours was found during regular and ad-hoc site inspections.
The contractor was reminded to comply with all conditions stipulated in the Environmental Permit and Construction Noise Permit.
Remark: ^Only triggering of Action or Limit Level related to Project works is counted as Breach of Action or Limit Level.
Airport Authority Hong Kong (AAHK) commissioned Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited (MMHK) to undertake the role of Environmental Team (ET) for carrying out the Environmental Monitoring & Audit (EM&A) works during the construction phase of the Project in accordance with the Updated EM&A Manual (the Manual) submitted under EP Condition 3.1 (accessible at: http://env.threerunwaysystem.com/en/index.html). AECOM Asia Company Limited (AECOM) was employed by AAHK as the Independent Environmental Checker (IEC) for the Project.
This is the 26th Construction Phase Monthly EM&A Report for the Project which summarizes the key findings of the EM&A programme during the reporting period from 1 to 28 February 2018.
The key activities of the Project carried out in the reporting period included reclamation works and land-side works. Reclamation works included DCM works, seawall construction, laying of sand blanket, and PVD installation. Land-side works included HDD works, site establishment, site office construction, road and drainage works, cable ducting, demolition and modification of existing facilities, piling, and excavation works.
The monitoring results complied with the corresponding Action and Limit Levels at all monitoring stations in the reporting period.
Note: (i) Reduced to 70dB(A) for school and 65dB(A) during school examination periods for NM4.
As the construction activities were far away from the monitoring stations, major sources of noise dominating the monitoring stations observed during the construction noise impact monitoring were road traffic noise at NM1A, student activities, aircraft and helicopter noise at NM4, and aircraft and helicopter noise at NM3A, NM5 and NM6 during this reporting period. It is considered that the monitoring work during the reporting period is effective and there was no adverse impact attributable to the Project activities.
Water quality monitoring of DO, turbidity, total alkalinity, chromium, and nickel was conducted three days per week, at mid-ebb and mid-flood tides, at a total of 22 water quality monitoring stations, comprising 12 impact (IM) stations, 7 sensitive receiver (SR) stations and 3 control (C) stations in the vicinity of water quality sensitive receivers around the airport island in accordance with the Manual. The purpose of water quality monitoring at the IM stations is to promptly capture any potential water quality impact from the Project before it could become apparent at sensitive receivers (represented by the SR stations). Table 4.1 describes the details of the monitoring stations. Figure 3.1 shows the locations of the monitoring stations.
The water quality monitoring schedule for the reporting period is updated and provided in Appendix B.The sea conditions varied from calm to rough, and the weather conditions varied from sunny to rainy during the monitoring period.
The water quality monitoring results for DO, turbidity, and total alkalinity obtained during the reporting period were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels.
For SS, chromium, and nickel, some of the testing results triggered the corresponding Action or Limit Level, and investigation was conducted accordingly.
Monitoring results triggered the corresponding Action Levels on two monitoring days. As some of these results were collected at stations located downstream of the Project, which might be affected by Project's construction activities, investigation was carried out.
* This refers to the approximate distance between the marine construction works and the nearest monitoring stations with monitoring results triggering the corresponding Action or Limit Level.
For the monitoring results at IM4 on 1 February 2018 and IM3 on 3 February 2018, it appeared to be isolated cases with no observable temporal and spatial trend to indicate any effect due to Project activities. As there was no evidence of SS release due to Project activities from site observations and all mitigation measures were carried out properly, the cases were possibly due to natural fluctuation in the vicinity of the monitoring stations, and considered not due to the Project.
Monitoring results triggered the corresponding Action Levels on three monitoring days. As some of these results were collected at stations located downstream of the Project, which might be affected by Project's construction activities, investigation was carried out.
As part of the investigation on the downstream events, details of the Project's marine construction activities on the concerned monitoring days were collected, as well as any observations during the monitoring. The findings are summarized in Table 4.10.
For the monitoring result at IM5 on 1 February 2018, it appeared to be an isolated case with no observable temporal and spatial trend to indicate any effect due to Project activities. As there was no evidence of SS release due to Project activities from site observations and all mitigation measures were carried out properly, the cases were possibly due to natural fluctuation in the vicinity of the monitoring station, and considered not due to the Project.
For the monitoring result at SR3 on 6 February 2018, all monitoring results collected at the impact stations, which were located closer to Project activities, complied with the corresponding Action and Limit Levels. Therefore, the case was considered not due to the Project.
Table 4.11 presents a summary of the chromium compliance status at IM and SR stations during mid-ebb tide for the reporting period.
Monitoring results triggered the corresponding Limit Level on one monitoring day. As the result was collected at a station located downstream of the Project, which might be affected by Project's construction activities, investigation was carried out.
As part of the investigation on the downstream events, details of the Project's marine construction activities on the concerned monitoring days were collected, as well as any observations during the monitoring. The findings are summarized in Table 4.12.
For the monitoring result at IM11 on 6 February 2018, it appeared to be an isolated case with no observable temporal and spatial trend to indicate any effect due to Project activities. The monitoring result was also marginally above the Limit Level (0.4 µg/L compared to Limit Level of 0.3 µg/L based on the results recorded at control stations). Based on the investigation of in-situ water quality monitoring at the nearest DCM barges, no significant elevation of ammonia was observed among the monitoring points in the immediate vicinity of the DCM rigs and the ammonia concentration was well below the Action and Limit Levels specified in the Baseline Monitoring Report. This suggests that there was no leakage of contaminants from the contaminated mud pits due to DCM activities.
Therefore, the case was considered not due to the Project and may be due to natural fluctuation or other sources not related to the Project.
Table 4.13 presents a summary of the chromium compliance status at IM and SR stations during mid-flood tide for the reporting period.
Monitoring results triggered the corresponding Action and Limit Levels on one monitoring day respectively. As the results were collected at stations located downstream of the Project, which might be affected by Project's construction activities, investigation was carried out.
As part of the investigation on the downstream events, details of the Project's marine construction activities on the concerned monitoring days were collected, as well as any observations during the monitoring. The findings are summarized in Table 4.14.
For the monitoring result at IM8 and IM9 on 6 February 2018, the monitoring results were marginally above the Action and Limit Levels (0.3 µg/L at IM8 and 0.4 µg/L at IM9 compared to the Action and Limit Levels of 0.2 µg/L and 0.3 µg/L based on the results recorded at control stations). Investigation on the in-situ water quality monitoring results at DCM barges nearest to these monitoring stations were also conducted, in which no significant elevation of ammonia was observed among the monitoring points in the immediate vicinity of the DCM rigs and the concentration was below the Action and Limit Levels specified in the Baseline Monitoring Report. This suggests that there was no leakage of contaminants from the contaminated mud pits due to DCM activities.
Based on these findings the cases were considered not due to the Project and may be due to natural fluctuation or other sources not related to the Project.
Table 4.15 presents a summary of the nickel compliance status at IM and SR stations during mid-flood tide for the reporting period.
As part of the investigation on the downstream event, details of the Project's marine construction activities on the concerned monitoring day was collected, as well as any observations during the monitoring. The findings are summarized in Table 4.16.
For the monitoring result at IM9 on 20 February 2018, it appeared to be an isolated case with no observable temporal and spatial trend to indicate any effect due to Project activities. The monitoring result was also marginally above the Limit Level (3.8 µg/L compared to Limit Level of 3.6 µg/L based on the results derived from baseline monitoring data). Based on the investigation of in-situ water quality monitoring at the nearest DCM barges, no significant elevation of ammonia was observed among the monitoring points in the immediate vicinity of the DCM rigs and the ammonia concentration was below the Action and Limit Levels specified in the Baseline Monitoring Report. This suggests that there was no leakage of contaminants from the contaminated mud pits due to DCM activities.
During the reporting period, it is noted that the vast majority of monitoring results were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels, while only a minor number of results triggered their corresponding Action or Limit level, and investigation were conducted accordingly.
Based on the investigation findings, all results that triggered the corresponding Action or Limit Level were not due to the Project. Therefore, the Project did not cause adverse impact at the water quality sensitive receivers. All required actions under the Event and Action Plan were followed. These cases appeared to be due to natural fluctuation or other sources not related to the Project.
Recommendations made included provision and maintenance of drip trays and proper chemical waste storage area. The contractors had taken actions to implement the recommended measures.
Based on updated information provided by contractors, updates of construction waste statistics in previous reporting period and construction waste generated in the reporting period is summarized in Table 5.2.
The monitoring results complied with the Action or Limit Levels during the reporting period.
1. The excavated materials were temporarily stored at stockpiling area and will be reused in the Project.
3. Only updated figures are presented.
4. Paper and plastics were recycled in the reporting period.
^Limit Level – two consecutive running quarters mean both the running quarterly encounter rates of the preceding month January 2018 (calculated by data from November 2017 to January 2018) and the running quarterly encounter rates of this month (calculated by data from December 2017 to February 2018).
Within this reporting period, two complete sets of small vessel line-transect surveys were conducted on the 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, and 23 February 2018, covering all transects in NEL, NWL, AW, WL and SWL survey areas for twice.
A total of around 457.00 km of survey effort was collected from these surveys, with around 89.44% of the total survey effort being conducted under favourable weather condition (i.e. Beaufort Sea State 3 or below with favourable visibility). Details of the survey effort are given in Appendix C.
In February 2018, 25 sightings of CWDs with 71 individuals were sighted. Details of cetacean sightings are presented in Appendix C.
Distribution of all CWD sightings recorded in February 2018 is illustrated in Figure 6.3. In NWL, a few sightings of CWD were scattered within and around Sha Chau and Lung Kwu Chau Marine Park, and quite a number of sightings were recorded at the southwestern corner of the survey area including the AW transects with one of the sighting recorded in close vicinity to the 3RS works area. It is worth noting that one off-effort sighting of CWD with two individuals was recorded feeding near the eastern tip of the 3RS works area, which is the first time that CWD group was encountered at that part of the NWL survey area since the start of CWD monitoring for the 3RS Project dated back to December 2015. In WL, CWD sightings were recorded quite evenly from the northernmost transect to Yi O with one scattered sighting at the off-shore waters of Peaked Hill. In SWL, only one CWD sighting was encountered at the central part of Soko Islands. No sightings of CWDs were recorded in NEL survey area.
Remarks: Please note that there are 25 pink circles on the map indicating the sighting locations of CWD. Some of them were very close to each other and therefore appear overlapped on this distribution map.
In February 2018, a total of around 408.74 km of survey effort were conducted under Beaufort Sea State 3 or below with favourable visibility, whilst a total number of 22 on-effort sightings with 66 individuals were sighted under such condition. Calculation of the encounter rates in February 2018 are shown in Appendix C.
For the running quarter of the reporting period (i.e., from December 2017 to February 2018), a total of around 1196.18 km of survey effort were conducted under Beaufort Sea State 3 or below with favourable visibility, whilst a total number of 63 on-effort sightings and a total number of 226 dolphins from on-effort sightings were obtained under such condition. Calculation of the running quarterly encounter rates are shown in Appendix C.
The STG and ANI of CWD in the whole survey area (i.e. NEL, NWL, AW, WL and SWL) during the month of February 2018 and during the running quarter are presented in Table 6.4 below and compared with the Action Level. The running quarterly encounter rates STG and ANI did not trigger the Action Level (i.e., remained above the Action Level).
*Running quarterly encounter rates STG & ANI were calculated from data collected in the reporting period and the two preceding survey months, i.e. the data from December 2017 to February 2018, containing six sets of transect surveys for all monitoring areas.
In February 2018, 25 groups of CWDs with 71 individuals were sighted, and the average group size of CWDs was 2.84 individuals per group. The number of sightings with small group size (i.e. 1-2 individuals) and medium group size (i.e. 3-9 individuals) are similar. No sightings with large group size (i.e. 10 or more individuals) were recorded in this reporting period.
Seven out of 25 sightings of CWDs were recorded engaging in feeding activities in February 2018. CWDs from two out of these seven sightings were observed associating with operating gillnetter in NWL and WL respectively.
In February 2018, three sightings of CWDs were recorded with the presence of mother-and-unspotted juvenile pair and mother-and-calf pair in NWL (including AW) and WL.
In February 2018, a total number of 33 different CWD individuals were identified for totally 37 times. A summary of photo identification works is presented in Table 6.5. Representative photos of these individuals are given in Appendix C.
Land-based theodolite tracking surveys were conducted at LKC on 9, 13 and 26 February 2018 and at SC on 8 and 27 February 2018, with a total of five days of land-based theodolite tracking survey effort accomplished in this reporting period. A total number of eight CWD groups were tracked at LKC station during the surveys. Information of survey effort and CWD groups sighted during these land-based theodolite tracking surveys are presented in Table 6.6. Details of the survey effort and CWD groups tracked are presented in Appendix C. The first sighting locations of CWD groups tracked at LKC station during land-based theodolite tracking surveys in February 2018 were depicted in Figure 6.4. No CWD group was sighted from SC station in this reporting month.
During the reporting period, silt curtains were in place by the contractors for sand blanket laying works, in which dolphin observers were deployed by each contractor in accordance with the MMWP. Teams of at least two dolphin observers were deployed at 17 to 23 dolphin observation stations by the contractors for continuous monitoring of the DEZ by all contractors for ground improvement works (DCM works and PVD installation) in accordance with the DEZ Plan. Trainings for the proposed dolphin observers on the implementation of MMWP and DEZ monitoring were provided by the ET prior to the aforementioned works, with a cumulative total of 584 individuals being trained and the training records kept by the ET. Observation was recorded on DEZ monitoring in this reporting period during site inspection by the ET. The contractors had taken actions to implement the recommended measures. From the contractors' MMWP observation records and DEZ monitoring records, no dolphin or other marine mammals were observed within or around the silt curtains, whilst there were three records of dolphin sighting within the DEZ of DCM works in this reporting period. According to the contractor's site record, relevant DCM works were suspended in the dolphin sighting events until the DEZ was clear of dolphin for a continuous period of 30 minutes. Details for the implementation of DEZ during the incident of dolphin sighting within the DEZ of DCM works are mentioned in Section 7.4. These contractors' records were also audited by the ET during site inspection.
The key observations from site inspection and associated recommendations were related to display of appropriate licences, permits, and labels; provision and maintenance of drip trays, spill kits, and waste storage area; proper handling of general refuse and chemical wastes; proper implementation of dust suppression, acoustic decoupling, wastewater treatment, and runoff prevention measures; as well as proper implementation DEZ and marine traffic monitoring.
The Marine Travel Routes and Management Plan for High Speed Ferries of SkyPier (the SkyPier Plan) was submitted to the Advisory Council on the Environment for comment and subsequently submitted to and approved by EPD in November 2015 under EP Condition 2.10. The approved SkyPier Plan is available on the dedicated website of the Project. In the SkyPier Plan, AAHK has committed to implement the mitigation measure of requiring high speed ferries (HSFs) of SkyPier travelling between HKIA and Zhuhai / Macau to start diverting the route with associated speed control across the area, i.e. Speed Control Zone (SCZ), with high CWD abundance. The route diversion and speed restriction at the SCZ have been implemented since 28 December 2015.
Key audit findings for the SkyPier HSFs travelling to/from Zhuhai and Macau against the requirements of the SkyPier Plan during the reporting period are summarized in Table 7.1. The daily movements of all SkyPier HSFs in this reporting period (i.e., 87 to 96 daily movements) were within the maximum daily cap of 125 daily movements. Status of compliance with the annual daily average of 99 movements will be further reviewed in the annual EM&A Report.
In total, 812 ferry movements between HKIA SkyPier and Zhuhai / Macau were recorded in February 2018 and the data are presented in Appendix F. The time spent by the SkyPier HSFs travelling through the SCZ in February 2018 were presented in Figure 7.1. It will take 9.6 minutes to travel through the SCZ when the SkyPier HSFs adopt the maximum allowable speed of 15 knots within the SCZ. Figure 7.1 shows that all of the SkyPier HSFs spent more than 9.6 minutes to travel through the SCZ.
Six ferries were recorded with minor deviation from the diverted route on 05 February 2018, 17 February 2018, 18 February 2018, 20 February 2018, and 24 February 2018. Notices were sent to the ferry operators and the cases are under investigation by ET. The investigation result will be presented in the next monthly EM&A report.
The average speeds taken within the SCZ of all HSFs were within 15 knots (10.1 knots to 14.0 knots), which complied with the SkyPier Plan. The time used by HSFs to travel through SCZ is presented in Figure 7.1.
87 to 96 daily movements (within the maximum daily cap - 125 daily movements).
Six skipper training sessions were held by contractor's Environmental Officer. Competency tests were subsequently conducted with the trained skippers by ET.
In this reporting period, six skippers were trained by ET and nine skippers were trained by contractor's Environmental Officer. In total, 867 skippers were trained from August 2016 to February 2018.
The DEZ Plan was submitted in accordance with EP Condition 3.1 (v) requirement and Section 10.3 of the Manual, and approved in April 2016 by EPD. The 24-hour DEZs with a 250m radius for marine works were established and implemented by the contractors for ground improvement works (DCM works and PVD installation) according to their Method Statement for DEZ Monitoring that followed the specifications and requirements of the DEZ Plan.
During the reporting period, ET was notified on three records of dolphin sighting within the DEZ of DCM works by the contractor. The ET checked the dolphin sighting records and the contractor's site records to audit the implementation of DEZ. Details of the sightings are summarized in Table 7.2. DCM installation works on DCM barges within the DEZ were ceased by the contractor, and not resumed until the DEZ was clear of dolphin for a continuous period of at least 30 minutes in accordance with the DEZ Plan.
*Note: Please refer to Figure 1.2 for the location of works area.
In accordance with the Manual, ecological monitoring shall be undertaken monthly at the Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) daylighting location on Sheung Sha Chau Island during the HDD construction works period from August to March to identify and evaluate any impacts with appropriate actions taken as required to address and minimise any adverse impact found. During the reporting period, the monthly ecological monitoring at the HDD daylighting location on Sheung Sha Chau observed that pipe installation works were ongoing under the Contract P560(R) at the daylighting location, and there was no encroachment of any works upon the egretry area nor any significant disturbance to the ardeids on the island by the works. No signs of breeding or nursery activities were observed. At the HDD daylighting location, neither nest nor breeding activity of ardeids were found during the monthly ecological monitoring and weekly site inspections in the reporting period. The site photos and location map regarding the monthly ecological monitoring for the HDD works and egretry area are provided in Appendix C for reference.
The current status of submissions under the EP up to the reporting period is presented in Table 7.3.
During the reporting period, environmental related licenses and permits required for the construction activities were checked. No non-compliance with environmental statutory requirements was recorded. The environmental licenses and permits which are valid in the reporting period are presented in Appendix D.
A complaint was received on 5 February 2018 regarding noise from Sha Chau works. Investigation was conducted by the ET in accordance with the Manual and the Complaint Management Plan of the Project. Based on information including daily inspection records and vessel records from 29 January 2018 to 4 February 2018, as well as the observation from the ad-hoc site inspection on 30 January 2018, no construction activities were conducted and no powered mechanical equipment was deployed at Sheung Sha Chau Island during the restricted hours. And there was no evidence on any non-compliance with the relevant EP conditions or the Construction Noise Permit (CNP) conditions found. Nevertheless, the contractor has been reminded to strictly follow the EP and CNP conditions and the ET will continue to conduct regular and ad-hoc inspections at Sheung Sha Chau to ensure relevant regulations and conditions are complied.
The water quality monitoring results for DO, turbidity, and total alkalinity obtained during the reporting period were within their corresponding Action and Limit Levels stipulated in the EM&A programme for triggering the relevant investigation and follow-up procedures under the programme if being exceeded. For SS, chromium, and nickel, some of the testing results triggered the relevant Action or Limit Level, and the corresponding investigations were conducted accordingly. The investigation findings concluded that the cases were not related to the Project. To conclude, the construction operation during the reporting period did not introduce adverse impact to all water quality sensitive receivers.
On the implementation of MMWP, dolphin observers were deployed by the contractors for laying of open sea silt curtain and laying of silt curtains for sand blanket works in accordance with the MMWP. On the implementation of DEZ Plan, dolphin observers at 17 to 23 dolphin observation stations were deployed for continuous monitoring of the DEZ by all contractors for ground improvement works (DCM works and PVD installation) in accordance with the DEZ Plan. Trainings for the proposed dolphin observers were provided by the ET prior to the aforementioned works, with the training records kept by the ET. From the contractors' MMWP observation records and DEZ monitoring records, no dolphin or other marine mammals were observed within or around the silt curtains, whilst there were three records of dolphin sighting within the DEZ of DCM works in this reporting month. The contractor's record was checked by the ET during site inspection. Audits of acoustic decoupling for construction vessels were also carried out by the ET.
On the implementation of the SkyPier Plan, the daily movements of all SkyPier high speed ferries (HSFs) in February 2018 were in the range of 87 to 96 daily movements, which are within the maximum daily cap of 125 daily movements. A total of 812 HSF movements under the SkyPier Plan were recorded in the reporting period. All HSFs had travelled through the Speed Control Zone (SCZ) with average speeds under 15 knots (10.1 to 14.0 knots), which were in compliance with the SkyPier Plan. No deviation from the diverted route in January 2018 is recorded in the High Speed Ferry Monitoring System. In summary, the ET and IEC have audited the HSF movements against the SkyPier Plan and conducted follow up investigation or actions accordingly.
On the implementation of MTRMP-CAV, the MSS automatically recorded the deviation case such as speeding, entering no entry zone, not travelling through the designated gates. ET conducted checking to ensure the MSS records all deviation cases accurately. Training has been provided for the concerned skippers to facilitate them in familiarising with the requirements of the MTRMP-CAV. Deviations including speeding in the works area and entry from non-designated gates were reviewed by ET. All the concerned captains were reminded by the contractor's MTCC representative to comply with the requirements of the MTRMP-CAV. ET reminded contractors that all vessels shall avoid entering the no-entry zone, in particular the Brothers Marine Park. Three-month rolling programmes for construction vessel activities, which ensures the proposed vessels are necessary and minimal through good planning, were also received from contractors.


6:62. Major process equipment components of iron ore pellet plant .. If the raw material is a single mineral (Calcite, Feldspar a.o.) the value normally lays.
Aug 26, 2010 Listed as the most dangerous industry for workers until 2001, mining is now of prevention," which includes stronger regulations, safer machinery and when a miner inhales excessive amounts of crystalline silica, or quartz.
Mineral Products Industry. 11.27-1 loading, and transport by trucks are used to mine ores containing feldspar. Dryer with mechanical collector and scrubber.
In this study, non-hydrofluoric acid flotation methods used in feldspar-quartz degree of vitrifiion, mechanical properties (flexural strength) and dielectric .. Flotation plant practice, Chapter VII, Flotation Methods, Mining Publiion Ltd.


text:
var util = require('util');

// Third Party Dependencies
var colors = require('colors');

// Internal
var disabled = false;

function disable() {
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}

function enable() {
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}

function warn() {
  if (!disabled) {
    console.error(colors.yellow('WARN'), util.format.apply(util, arguments));
  }
}

function err() {
  if (!disabled) {
    console.error(colors.red('ERR!'), util.format.apply(util, arguments));
  }
}

function info() {
  if (!disabled) {
    console.error(colors.grey('INFO'), util.format.apply(util, arguments));
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}

function basic() {
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    console.log(util.format.apply(util, arguments));
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exports.warn = warn;
exports.err = err;
exports.info = info;
exports.basic = basic;
exports.disable = disable;
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The 2014 Spring Lacrosse season has ended. Registration for the 2015 Spring lacrosse season will occur in February. Please watch for Lacrosse information and registration dates early next year. Thank you!


Description: In celebration of Veteran's Day, join us for the 3rd Annual 4Star 4Mile Race located in the heart of Downtown Detroit on Sunday, November 11, 2018. Let's put our boots on the ground to honor those who have dedicated their lives to our freedom. All proceeds will go to the Metropolitan Detroit Veterans Coalition and Wins for Warriors Foundation.


text:
Q: Printing a list of lists, without brackets A somewhat similar question was asked on here but the answers did not help.
I have a list of lists, specifically something like..
[[tables, 1, 2], [ladders, 2, 5], [chairs, 2]]

It is meant to be a simple indexer.
I am meant to output it like thus:
tables 1, 2
ladders 2, 5
chairs 2

I can't get quite that output though.
I can however get:
tables 1 2
ladders 2 5
chairs 2

But that isn't quite close enough.
Is there a simple way to do what I'm asking? This is not meant to be the hard part of the program.

A: The following will do it:
for item in l:
  print item[0], ', '.join(map(str, item[1:]))

where l is your list.
For your input, this prints out
tables 1, 2
ladders 2, 5
chairs 2

A: If you don't mind that the output is on separate lines:
foo = [["tables", 1, 2], ["ladders", 2, 5], ["chairs", 2]]
for table in foo:
    print "%s %s" %(table[0],", ".join(map(str,table[1:])))

To get this all on the same line makes it slightly more difficult:
import sys
foo = [["tables", 1, 2], ["ladders", 2, 5], ["chairs", 2]]
for table in foo:
    sys.stdout.write("%s %s " %(table[0],", ".join(map(str,table[1:]))))

print

A: In Python 3.4.x
The following will do it:
for item in l:
    print(str(item[0:])[1:-1])

where l is your list.
For your input, this prints out:
tables 1, 2
ladders 2, 5
chairs 2

Another (cleaner) way would be something like this:
for item in l:
    value_set = str(item[0:])
    print (value_set[1:-1])

Yields the same output:
tables 1, 2
ladders 2, 5
chairs 2

Hope this helps anyone that may come across this issue.

A: Try this:
L = [['tables', 1, 2], ['ladders', 2, 5], ['chairs', 2]]
for el in L:
    print('{0} {1}'.format(el[0],', '.join(str(i) for i in el[1:])))

The output is:
tables 1, 2
ladders 2, 5
chairs 2

{0} {1} is the output string where
{0} is equal to el[0] which is 'tables', 'ladders', ...
{1} is equal to ', '.join(str(i) for i in el[1:])
and ', '.join(str(i) for i in el[1:]) joins each element in the list from these: [1,2], [2,5],... with ', ' as a divider.
str(i) for i in el[1:] is used to convert each integer to string before joining.

A: This uses pure list comprehensions without map(), re.sub() or a for loop:
print '\n'.join((item[0] + ' ' + ', '.join(str(i) for i in item[1:])) for item in l)

A: Here you go (Python3)
try:
[print(*oneSet, sep=", ") for oneSet in a]

For some a:
a=[["tables", 1, 2], ["ladders", 2, 5], ["chairs", 2]]

print(*list) opens up the list into elements in the print command. You can use a parameter sep=string to set the separator. :)


text:
Байгаби́л () — село у складі Келеського району Туркестанської області Казахстану. Входить до складу Жамбильського сільського округу.

У радянські часи село називалось Отділення № 3 совхоза імені Джамбула.

Населення — 266 осіб (2009; 85 в 1999).

Примітки

Джерела

Посилання
 На Вікімапії

Населені пункти Келеського району
Села Туркестанської області

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Delicate simple diamond ring with 1 round brilliant diamond.
A thousand takes later, that's a wrap. You found the perfect set and it happens to fit seamlessly into the cinematic masterpiece that is your every outfit. We smell an Oscar.
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Two weeks ago, the United States national debt surpassed $16 trillion. To put that into perspective, that is more than $50,000 per person in the U.S. To finance this overwhelming debt, the U.S. is borrowing roughly 40 cents of every dollar we spend, a good portion of it from foreign countries like China.
There are many news stories highlighting instances where the federal government wastes our money, but Americans may not be aware that our federal government is actually using taxpayer dollars to subsidize projects that benefit our foreign competitors, including China.
Last week, the House Committee on Energy and Commerce's Subcommittee on Energy and Power held a hearing on the Accountability in Grants Act, which would prohibit the Environmental Protection Agency from awarding grants under Section 103 of the Clean Air Act for foreign projects. Since 2001, the EPA has awarded grants to foreign recipients totaling more than $100 million. In many instances, these taxpayer-funded grants help foreign companies at the expense of domestic ones.
On the list of recently awarded grants, one is especially troubling to us -- EPA's grant to the China Coal Information Institute for a "Technical Assessment of Coal Mine Gas Recovery and Utilization in China."
Taxpayers may wonder why the EPA is funding coal projects abroad, and in China no less, while simultaneously spewing regulations that are helping to destroy coal mining here at home.
Coal still accounts for nearly half the country's electricity production, even though the coal industry goes through cyclical ups and downs. Recently, natural gas has become a viable alternative to some types of coal, especially for electricity generation. But as the global use of coal is rapidly increasing, the U.S. has seen a decline in coal electricity generation, thanks in large part to new EPA regulations.
More than 30 years ago, Ronald Reagan said, "We're not energy-poor. There's energy yet to be found and developed in this country, including the biggest coal pile that any country in the world sits on." Even President Obama acknowledged the potential of America's rich coal reserves, once touting the U.S. as the "Saudi Arabia of coal." Unfortunately, our current policies aren't permitting us to utilize this abundant and affordable resource. Just this year, as a result of harsh new regulations, American coal companies have announced premature plant retirements and been forced to lay off thousands of workers. This is why the House of Representatives will stand up for jobs and pass the Stop the War on Coal Act this week. China, on the other hand, continues to dominate the world in terms of coal production, and in the last few years, Chinese coal production has surpassed U.S. levels.
As in a number of other areas, the Chinese don't seem to have any problems competing with us when it comes to coal production. We welcome the competition, but would prefer that our own taxpayer-funded federal government agencies didn't tip the scales by investing in Chinese projects. Thousands of American workers have already been laid off as a result of the EPA's actions, so we question why, in this time of high unemployment, the EPA would want to fund coal projects abroad at the same time the agency is imposing regulations that are helping eliminate coal mining jobs here at home.
Last summer, our committee released a report on EPA's foreign grants. Since then, numerous members of Congress have expressed concern that the EPA is exceeding its core mission by investing taxpayer dollars abroad. Given our nation's mounting debt and deficits, and our continued high unemployment, we believe it is irresponsible to continue to permit the EPA to fund foreign grants. How about betting on American projects and American coal?
Rep. Ed Whitfield is chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce's Subcommittee on Energy and Power, on which Rep. Morgan Grifith also serves.


not good cuz it don't show what's playing.
We pay for a family of 4 but if ur friends work there u just walk rite inn . For free. Dont forget half off everything u ask for too eat!
Good food. But if you want good service & a nice dining experience it's best to go to the Red Chimney BBQ instead. This place made me feel so uncomfortable once, thought I'd give it another try & never again.


text:
\section{INTRODUCTION}

By matching the luminosity, atmospheric parameters, and oscillation
frequencies of models with the observed ones,
asteroseismology is used to determine fundamental parameters
of stars. Asteroseismology is also used to probe physical processes
in stars and diagnose internal structures of stars \citep{roxb94,
roxb99, roxb01, roxb03,roxb04, roxb07, cunh07, cunh11, bran10, bran14,
chri10, dehe10, yang10a, yang12, yang15, silv11, silv13, chap14,
ge14, guen14, liu14, yang16}. Asteroseismology is a powerful tool
for studying the structure and evolution of stars.

Stars with a mass larger than $1.1$ $M_\odot${} are considered
to have a convective core during their main sequence (MS) stage.
Due to the fact that the overshooting of the convective core
can bring more hydrogen-rich material into the core,
the evolution of a star could be significantly affected by
the overshooting. Thus determining the size of the convective
core including the overshooting region is important for
understanding the structure and evolution of stars. However,
the size of the convective core has never been determined
directly from observed data of stars. Generally,
the understanding of the size of the convective core derives
from the computation of evolutionary models of stars.

When seeking to probe the internal structures of
stars with low-$l$ p-modes, the small separations, $d_{10}$,
$d_{01}$, $d_{02}$, and $d_{13}$, and the ratios of the small
separations to the large separations, $r_{10}${}, $r_{01}${}, $r_{02}$,
and $r_{13}$ \citep[and references therein]{roxb03, yang07b},
are considered to be the very useful diagnostic tools. The small
separations $d_{10}$ and $d_{01}$ are defined as \citep{roxb03}
\begin{equation}
d_{10}(n)=-\frac{1}{2}(-\nu_{n,0}+2\nu_{n,1}-\nu_{n+1,0})
\label{d10}
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}
d_{01}(n)=\frac{1}{2}(-\nu_{n,1}+2\nu_{n,0}-\nu_{n-1,1}).
\label{d01}
\end{equation}
But in calculation, the smoother five-point separations
are adopted.

Stars with masses between about 1.1 and 1.5 $M_\odot${} have
a convective core during their MS. The discontinuity
in density at the edge of the convective core increases with
the evolution of the stars. The rapid variation of density
with depth in a stellar core can distort acoustic wave
propagation in stellar interiors, producing a reflected
wave \citep{roxb07}. The reflectivity can come from the rapid
density change at the edge of the convective core \citep{roxb07}.
For the modes with frequencies larger than a critical frequency,
they can penetrate into the convective core.
Partial wave reflection at the core boundary
could lead to acoustic resonances in the convective core \citep{roxb04}.
As a consequence, at high frequencies, we would see a periodic
variation in the small separations with frequency \citep{roxb04}.
If this periodic component is determined from
observations, it can be used for constraining the size of
the convective core \citep{roxb99, roxb01, roxb04}.

\cite{roxb94, roxb00a, roxb00b, roxb01} developed the theory of
semiclassical analysis that can more accurately describe the low-degree
p-modes and the small separations. However, \cite{roxb04} pointed out
that their expressions for the perturbations in the phase shifts
are not transparent enough to serve as a basis for simple estimates.
The effects of the convective core on $d_{10}$, $d_{01}$,
$r_{10}${}, and $r_{01}${} are also studied by other authors
\citep{cunh07, cunh11, bran10, bran14, dehe10, silv11, silv13, liu14, yang15}.
The conclusion is that the ratios $r_{01}${} and $r_{10}${}
can be affected by the presence of the convective core.

In order to isolate the frequency perturbation produced
by the edge of the convective core, \cite{cunh07} and \cite{cunh11}
defined a tool $r_{0213}=r_{02}-r_{13}$. They have shown
that the tool can potentially be used to infer information about
the amplitude of the discontinuity in the sound speed at the edge
of the convective core but it is unable to fully isolate the frequency
perturbation.

\cite{yang15} show that the ratios $r_{01}${} and $r_{10}${} of a star
with a convective core can be described by equation
\begin{equation}
B(\nu_{n,1})=\frac{2A\nu_{n,1}}{2\pi^{2}(\nu^{2}_{0}-\nu^{2}_{n,1})}
\sin(2\pi\frac{\nu_{n,1}}{\nu_{0}})+B_{0},
\label{eqb}
\end{equation}
where the quantities $A$ and $B_{0}$ are two parameters, the $\nu_{0}$
is the frequency of $l=1$ mode whose inner turning point
is located on the boundary between the radiative
region and the overshooting region of the convective core.

In this work, we propose a method to estimate the radius of the
convective core of MS stars with masses between about 1.1
and 1.5 $M_\odot${} from observed frequencies of low-degree
p-modes. The estimated radius is comparable with that obtained
from evolutionary model. Individual frequencies of p-modes of
KIC 9812850 have been extracted by \cite{appo12}.
The mass of KIC 9812850 estimated by \cite{metc14}
is $1.39\pm0.05$ $M_\odot${}. Thus KIC 9812850 could have a convective
core. We determined the radius of the convective core of KIC 9812850
in two ways. One is estimated from the observed frequencies;
the other is determined from the best model for KIC 9812850.
In Section 2, a formula that can be used to determine the radius
of the convective core from oscillation frequencies is proposed
and is applied to different stars. In Section 3, based on
finding the maximum likelihood of models of a grid of evolutionary
tracks, the best-fit model of KIC 9812850 is found out;
and then, we compare the radius of the convective core of
the best model with that determined from oscillation frequencies.
Finally, we give a discussion about the domain of the validity
of the method and summary in Section 4.

\section{ESTIMATE THE RADIUS OF THE CONVECTIVE CORE FROM OSCILLATION FREQUENCIES }

The inner turning point, $r_{t}$, of the mode with a frequency
$\nu_{n,l}$ is determined by
\begin{equation}
r_{t}=f_{0}\frac{c_{s}(r_{t})}{\nu_{n,l}}\frac{\sqrt{l(l+1)}}{2\mathrm{\pi}},
\label{tp}
\end{equation}
where $c_{s}(r_{t})$ is the adiabatic sound speed at radius $r_{t}$,
the value of the parameter $f_{0}$ is $2.0$ \citep{liu14}. For the modes
with $l=1$, the frequency $\nu_{0}$ of the mode whose inner turning point
is just located on the boundary between the radiative region and the
overshooting region of the convective core can be estimated by
equation (\ref{eqb}) from observed frequencies and the ratios computed
from the frequencies. Thus the radius of the convective core including
the overshooting region, $r_{c}$, can be determined by
\begin{equation}
r_{c}=\frac{c_{s}(r_{c})}{\nu_{0}}\frac{\sqrt{2}}{\mathrm{\pi}}.
\label{rc1}
\end{equation}
In the middle stage of MS stars with masses between about 1.1
and 1.5 $M_\odot${}, the magnitude of $c_{s}(r_{c})$ is of the order of
about $5\times10^{7}$ cm s$^{-1}$. Thus for the MS stars
extracted individual frequencies of low-degree p-modes, combining
the equation (\ref{eqb}), the radius $r_{c}$ can be estimated by
\begin{equation}
  \begin{array}{ll}
r_{c} & \approx \frac{5\times10^{7}}{\nu_{0}\times10^{-6}}
        \frac{\sqrt{2}}{\mathrm{\pi}}\frac{1}{6.9598\times10^{10}}\\
      & = \frac{323}{\nu_{0} (\mu \rm{Hz})} (R_{\odot})\\
\end{array}
\label{rc2}
\end{equation}
from the observed data.

\textbf{By using the function of nonlinear curve fitting of Origin software
where chi-square fitting is used and Hessian matrix is calculated
\footnote{http://www.originlab.com/doc/Origin-help/NLFit-theory},}
from the observed frequencies \citep{beno09} and ratio $r_{10}${} of HD 49933,
\textbf{we obtained} that the value of \textbf{the parameter $\nu_{0}$
of equation (\ref{eqb})} is $1920\pm46$ $\mu$Hz{} \textbf{for HD 49933}.
From the observed frequencies of KIC 6225718 \citep{tian14}
and ratio $r_{10}${}, the value of $\nu_{0}$ is estimated to be about $5764\pm312$ $\mu$Hz{}.
From the frequencies of KIC 2837475 and KIC 11081729 given by \cite{appo12},
the value of $\nu_{0}$ is estimated to be $913\pm36$ $\mu$Hz{} for KIC 2837475
and $795\pm21$ $\mu$Hz{} for KIC 11081729.

Using formula (\ref{rc2}), one can obtain that the radius of the convective
core including overshooting region is about $0.056$ $R_\odot${} for KIC 6225718,
$0.168$ $R_\odot${} for HD 49933, $0.354$ $R_\odot${} for KIC 2837475,
and $0.406$ $R_\odot${} for KIC 11081729. The models of the
four stars were determined \citep{tian14, liu14, yang15, yang15b}.
The radius of the convective core including overshooting
region is around $0.056$ $R_\odot${} for the model 14 of KIC 6225718 \citep{tian14},
$0.17$ $R_\odot${} for the model M52 of HD 49933 \citep{liu14}, $0.358$ $R_\odot${} for
the model Ma14 of KIC 2837475 \citep{yang15}, and $0.37$ $R_\odot${} for the model Ma6
of KIC 11081729 \citep{yang15b}. The values of radius $r_{c}$ of these stars,
estimated from observed data, are in good agreement with those obtained from
the models of the stars. This indicates that the radius of the convective
core $r_{c}$ of the MS stars could be determined directly from observed
frequencies and ratios $r_{01}${} and $r_{10}${} by using equations (\ref{eqb}) and (\ref{rc2}).

\cite{appo12} extracted the frequencies of low-$l$ p-modes of KIC 9812850.
Using the ratio $r_{10}${} computed from the frequencies and the observed
frequencies $\nu_{n,1}$, the values of $A$, $\nu_{0}$, and $B_{0}$
in equation (\ref{eqb}) are estimated to be $264\pm62$ $\mathrm{\pi}$,
$2309\pm141$ $\mu$Hz{}, and $0.043\pm0.005$, respectively, for KIC 9812850.
Thus the radius $r_{c}$ of KIC 9812850 is predicted to be about $0.14$ $R_\odot${}
by formula (\ref{rc2}).

\section{THE RADIUS OF THE CONVECTIVE CORE OF THE BEST MODEL OF KIC 9812850}
\subsection{Evolutionary Models}
In order to compare the value of $r_{c}$ estimated by equations
(\ref{eqb}) and (\ref{rc2}) for KIC 9812850 with that of evolutionary model
of KIC 9812850, we sought for the best model of KIC 9812850 that
match both non-seismic constraints and seismic characteristics in
a grid of evolutionary models. We used the Yale Rotation Evolution
Code (YREC) \citep{pins89, yang07a, yang15} to construct the models.
For the microphysics, the OPAL equation-of-state table EOS2005 \citep{roge02}
and OPAL opacity table GN93 \citep{igle96} were adopted, supplemented by
the \cite{alex94} opacity tables at low temperature. The models with
a mass less than 1.30 $M_\odot${} take into account the diffusion and settling
of both helium and heavy elements by using the diffusion coefficients
of \cite{thou94}. The standard mixing-length theory is adopted to treat
convection. The mixing-length parameter $\alpha$ is a free parameter
in this work. For the Sun, the value of the $\alpha$ for the YREC is $1.74$.
The distance of the overshooting of the convective core is defined as
$\delta_{\rm ov}${}$H_{p}$, where $\delta_{\rm ov}${} is a free parameter and $H_{p}$ is the
local pressure scale-height. The full mixing of material is assumed
in the overshooting region. The initial helium mass fraction is fixed
at the standard big bang nucleosynthesis value 0.248 \citep{sper07}
and 0.295. All models are evolved from zero-age MS to the end of MS.
The values of the input parameters, mass, $\alpha$, $\delta_{\rm ov}${}, and
$Z_{i}$ for the calculations are summaried in Table \ref{tab1}.

The adiabatic oscillation frequencies $\nu_{n,l}$ of models
were computed by using the pulsation code jig7 of \cite{guen94}.
The effects of the near-surface effects of a model on the frequencies
were calculated by using the method of \cite{kjel08}.

\subsection{Observational Constraints on Models }

KIC 9812850 is an F8 star \citep{wright03}. The value of
[Fe/H] given by \cite{ammo06} is $0.00^{+0.15}_{-0.16}$,
but that given by \cite{brun12} is $-0.16\pm0.06$ for KIC 9812850.
Combining the value of $0.023$ of $(Z/X)_{\odot}$ of the Sun,
the value of $(Z/X)_{\mathrm{s}}$ of KIC 9812850 is estimated to
be between 0.016 and 0.033 for the [Fe/H] of \cite{ammo06},
or in the range of 0.014 and 0.018 for the [Fe/H] of \cite{brun12}.
The effective temperature of KIC 9812850 is $6297\pm70$ K
\citep{ammo06} or $6330\pm70$ K \citep{brun12}.
The estimated atmospheric parameters of stars hotter than 6,000 K
could be affected by the method of spectral analysis \citep{mol13}.
Therefore, the atmospheric parameters determined by both \cite{ammo06}
and \cite{brun12} were considered in this work.

The parallax of KIC 9812850 is in the range between about 5.9
and 17.5 mas \citep{khar01, ammo06}. The bolometric correction of
KIC 9812850 is estimated from the tables of \cite{flow96}.
The extinction of KIC 9812850 is given by \cite{ammo06}. The
visual magnitude of this star is $9.5\pm0.3$ mag \citep{droe06, ammo06}.
Thus the luminosity of KIC 9812850 is estimated to be about $2.6\pm2.3$ $L_\odot${}.

In order to find the best model for KIC 9812850, we calculated
the likelihood function of all models. The likelihood function is defined
as \citep{basu10}
\begin{equation}
\mathcal{L} = \frac{1}{(2\pi)^{N/2}\prod_{i=1}^{N}\sigma(C_{i}^{ob})}\exp(-\frac{1}{2}\chi^{2}),
\label{likel}
\end{equation}
where
\begin{equation}
\chi^{2} = \sum_{i=1}^{N}[\frac{C_{i}^{\mathrm{th}}-C_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}}}{\sigma(C_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}})}]^{2},
\end{equation}
the quantity $C_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}}$ indicates the observed $T_{\rm eff}${},
$L/L_{\odot}$, $(Z/X)_{\mathrm{s}}$, and $\nu_{n,l}$, while the $C_{i}^{\mathrm{th}}$
corresponds to the $T_{\rm eff}${}, $L/L_{\odot}$, $(Z/X)_{\mathrm{s}}$, and $\nu_{n,l}$
of models. The quantity $\sigma(C_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}})$ represents the
observational error of $C_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}}$. The value of $N$ is 45.

Moreover, the values of classical $\chi_{\mathrm{c}}^{2}${} and $\chi_{\mathrm{\nu}}^{2}${}
of models were also computed as a reference. The $\chi_{\mathrm{c}}^{2}${} and $\chi_{\mathrm{\nu}}^{2}${} are defined as
\begin{equation}
\chi^{2}_{\mathrm{c}} = \frac{1}{3}\sum_{i=1}^{3}
[\frac{C_{i}^{\mathrm{th}}-C_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}}}{\sigma(C_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}})}]^{2}
\label{chic}
\end{equation}
and
\begin{equation}
\chi_{\nu}^{2} = \frac{1}{42}\sum_{i=1}^{42}
[\frac{\nu_{i}^{\mathrm{th}}-\nu_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}}}{\sigma(\nu_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}})}]^{2},
\label{chinu}
\end{equation}
respectively, where $C_{i}=(T_{\mathrm{eff}}, L/L_{\odot}, (Z/X)_{\mathrm{s}})$
and $\sigma(C_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}})$ denotes the observational error,
$\nu_{i}$ corresponds to frequencies. The observational error
of $\nu_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}}$ is indicated by $\sigma(\nu_{i}^{\mathrm{ob}})$.

When the model evolves to the vicinity of the error-box of luminosity
and effective temperature in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram,
the time-step of the evolution for each track is set as small
as $1$ Myr, which ensures that the consecutive models have an
approximately equal $\chi_{\mathrm{\nu}}^{2}${}.

\subsection{The Best Models of KIC 9812850}
For a given mass, the model that maximizes $\mathcal{L}$
is chosen as a candidate for the best-fit model. Table \ref{tab2}
lists four models which have a larger $\mathcal{L}$ in
the calculations and shows that model M3 has the maximum $\mathcal{L}$.

Figure \ref{fig1} compares the distributions of the observed $r_{01}${}
and $r_{10}${} with those calculated from the models listed in Table \ref{tab2}.
The distributions of $r_{01}${} and $r_{10}${} of KIC 9812850 are reproduced
well by models M2 and M3. The \textbf{right} panels of Figure \ref{fig1}
show that there are periodic variations in the differences between
the observed ratios and those of models. This may come from the effects
of the helium ionization region and the base of the convective envelope
on the observed frequencies \citep{roxb04, mazu14}. Model M3 not only
maximizes the likelihood function in the calculations, but reproduces
the distributions of observed $r_{01}${} and $r_{10}${} of KIC 9812850.
Therefore, M3 is chosen as the best-fit model of KIC 9812850.

Moreover, Figure \ref{fig1} shows that the distributions of $r_{01}${} and $r_{10}${}
of M3 are reproduced well by equation (\ref{eqb}) with $A=180\pi$,
$\nu_{0}=2180$ $\mu$Hz{}, and $B_{0}=0.0465$. This indicates that ratios $r_{01}${}
and $r_{10}${} can be described by equation (\ref{eqb}).

The value of $r_{c}$ of model M3 is $0.149$ $R_\odot${}, which is in good
agreement with $\mathbf{0.140\pm0.028}$ $R_\odot${} estimated by equation (\ref{rc2}).
The radius of the convective core including overshooting region of
the best model of KIC 9812850 is successfully estimated by equations
(\ref{eqb}) and (\ref{rc2}) from observed oscillation frequencies.

Moreover, the value of $\nu_{max}$ of KIC 9812850 is $1186$ $\mu$Hz{}
\citep{appo12}, which is less than $2309$ $\mu$Hz{} of $\nu_{0}$.
The value of $\delta_{\rm ov}${} of M3 is $0.2$, which is consistent
with the deduction that if the value of $\nu_{max}$ of a star
is less than the value \textbf{of} $\nu_{0}$, the star may have
a small $\delta_{\rm ov}${} \citep{yang15b}.

\section{DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY}
\subsection{Discussion}
\textbf{When} angular frequencies of modes are larger than
\textbf{a critical frequency $\omega_{0}$,} the modes can
penetrates into the convective core \textbf{of stars}.
Assuming that the effects of the convective core on oscillations
is related to $-A\cos(\omega_{0}t)$, where $A$ is a free parameter,
\cite{yang15b} obtained the \textbf{equation} (\ref{eqb}) as
the result of Fourier transform of $-A\cos(\omega_{0}t)$.
Thus the \textbf{equation} (\ref{eqb}) is invalid for stars
whose core is \textbf{radiative.} Figure \ref{fig2} shows
the distributions of H mass fraction, adiabatic sound speed,
and $r_{10}${} of \textbf{core-radiative models in different
evolutionary stages.} The ratio $r_{10}${} decrease with increase
in frequency. The distributions can not be reproduced by
\textbf{equation (\ref{eqb}). The core of model S2 in Figure
\ref{fig3} is also radiative. The distribution of $r_{10}${}
of the model cannot be reproduced by equation (\ref{eqb}) too. }

\cite{roxb04, roxb07} pointed out that \textbf{the discontinuity
in density} at the boundary of a convective core can distort acoustic
wave propagation in stellar interior, producing a reflected wave.
The effects of the convective core on oscillations are related
to the fact that the discontinuity reflects acoustic waves.
\textbf{Therefore,} the \textbf{equation} (\ref{eqb}) is invalid for stars
with a convective core but without the discontinuity in density
or sound-speed at the edge of the convective core. \textbf{
Model S3 in Figure \ref{fig3} has a small convective core but
has no an obvious discontinuity in density or sound speed at
the edge of the convective core (see Figure \ref{fig3}).
The distribution of $r_{10}${} of the model cannot be reproduced
by equation (\ref{eqb}). While the model S4 has an obvious
sound-speed discontinuity at the edge of the convective core.
The distribution of $r_{10}${} of model S4 is almost reproduced by
equation (\ref{eqb}). The cores of models S1 in Figures \ref{fig4}
and \ref{fig5} are also convective, but there is no an obvious
discontinuity in density or sound speed of the models.
The distributions of $r_{10}${} of the models cannot be reproduced
by equation (\ref{eqb}) too. While the distributions of $r_{10}${}
of models with a convective core and an obvious discontinuity
in sound speed at the edge of the convective core are almost
reproduced by equation (\ref{eqb}) (see Figures \ref{fig4} and \ref{fig5}). }

The modes with $l=0$ are considered to be able to reach
the center of a star. According to equation (\ref{tp}), it is more
difficult to arrive at the convective core for the modes with
$l\geq2$ than for the modes with $l=1$. Thus the frequency
$\nu_{0}=\omega_{0}/2\pi$ could be the frequency of
the $l=1$ mode whose inner turning point is located on the boundary
between the radiative region and the overshooting region of the
convective core. \cite{roxb94, roxb99, roxb04, roxb07} show that
there are periodic variations in small separations with period
determined approximately by the acoustic diameter of the
convective core, i.e., the period
\begin{equation}
T_{c} \approx 2\int_{0}^{r_{c}}\frac{dr}{c_{s}}.
\label{tc}
\end{equation}
The larger the value of $r_{c}$, the longer the $T_{c}$, i.e.,
the smaller the frequency $\nu_{c}=1/T_{c}$. According to
equation (\ref{tp}), the larger the value of $r_{c}$,
the smaller the frequency $\nu_{0}$. Thus the frequency $\nu_{c}$
of Roxburgh could be related to the frequency $\nu_{0}$.
The value of sound speed decreases from $5.60\times10^{7}$ cm s$^{-1}$
to $4.85\times10^{7}$ cm s$^{-1}$ in the convective core of model S3
of star with $M=1.16$ $M_\odot${} (see Figure \ref{fig4}).
If the $c_{s}$ in equation (\ref{tc}) is replaced by $c_{s}(r_{c})$,
the value of $\nu_{c}$ can be estimated to be about $0.5 c_{s}(r_{c})/r_{c}$.
From equation (\ref{rc1}), one can obtain $\nu_{0} = 0.45 c_{s}(r_{c})/r_{c}$
which is very close to $\nu_{c}$.

In stellar interior, sound speed decreases with the increase
in radius. The value of $c_{s}(r_{c})$ varies with
the mass and the age of stars and is affected by overshooting.
The value of $c_{s}(r_{c})$ of the most of MS stars with
masses between about 1.1 and 1.5 $M_\odot${} is mainly in the range
of $(4-6)\times10^{7}$ cm s$^{-1}$ (see Figures \ref{fig4}
and \ref{fig5}). \textbf{For example, for}
a star with $M=1.16$ $M_\odot${}, $X_{i}=0.7$,
$Z_{i}=0.02$, and $\delta_{\rm ov}=0.2$, when it evolves from
central hydrogen abundance $X_{c}=0.59$ to $X_{c}=0.16$,
the value of $c_{s}(r_{c})$ decreases from about $5.2\times10^{7}$
cm s$^{-1}$ to $4.5\times10^{7}$ cm s$^{-1}$; \textbf{for} a star
with $M=1.4$ $M_\odot${}, $X_{i}=0.7$, $Z_{i}=0.02$, and $\delta_{\rm ov}=0$,
when it evolves from $X_{c}=0.5$ to $X_{c}=0.1$, the value
of $c_{s}(r_{c})$ decreases from about $5.5\times10^{7}$ cm s$^{-1}$
to $4.5\times10^{7}$ cm s$^{-1}$. Therefore, in the most of
MS stage of stars with masses between about 1.1 and 1.5 $M_\odot${},
\textbf{taken a model in the middle stage of MS as a reference,}
one can assume that there is a change of $10\%$ in $c_{s}(r_{c})$,
i.e., $c_{s}(r_{c})\sim(5.0\pm0.5)\times10^{7}$ cm s$^{-1}$.

\textbf{For our sample, the relative uncertainty of $\nu_{0}$
determined by chi-square fitting from observed data is between
about $2.4\%$ and $6.2\%$. But our sample is small. The relative
uncertainty of $\nu_{0}$ of other stars might be larger than
$6.2\%$. In order to estimate the uncertainty of the estimated
$r_{c}$ of other stars when this method is applied to the stars,
we assume that the relative uncertainty of $\nu_{0}$ for
other stars is of the order of $10\%$ and apply the uncertainty
of $10\%$ to all cases.} As a consequence, the \textbf{relative}
uncertainty of the estimated $r_{c}$ is about $20\%$.
Table \ref{tab3} shows that the values of the radius of
the convective core determined by equations (\ref{eqb})
and (\ref{rc2}) from observed frequencies of different stars
are in good agreement with those obtained from the best models
of the stars.

\subsection{Summary}
Combining equation (\ref{eqb}), we propose here for the first time
using formula (\ref{rc2}) to estimate the radius of the convective
core including overshooting region of MS stars with masses
between about 1.1 and 1.5 $M_\odot${} from
observed frequencies and ratios. The estimated values of
the radius of the convective core of four stars are
consistent with those of the best models of the four stars.
Using the observed frequencies and ratios of KIC 9812850,
equations (\ref{eqb}) and (\ref{rc2}) predict the radius
of the convective core of KIC 9812850 is $\mathbf{0.140\pm0.028}$ $R_\odot${}.
In order to confirm this prediction, we constructed
a grid of evolutionary tracks. Basing on finding
the maximum likelihood of models, we obtained
the best-fit model of KIC 9812850 with $M=1.48$ $M_\odot${},
$R=1.867$ $R_\odot${}, $T_{\rm eff}${}$=6408$ K, $L=5.28$ $L_\odot${}, $t=2.606$ Gyr,
$r_{c}=0.149$ $R_\odot${}, and $\delta_{\rm ov}${}$=0.2$. The best model can
reproduce asteroseismic and non-asteroseismic characteristics
of KIC 9812850. The value of the radius of the convective core
of the best-fit model is in good agreement with that predicted
by formula (\ref{rc2}). Equations (\ref{eqb}) and (\ref{rc2})
aid in understanding the structure of stars directly from the
observed frequencies.

\acknowledgments
The author thanks the anonymous referee for helpful
comments that helped the author improve this work, as well
as the support from the NSFC 11273012, 11273007,
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,
and the HSCC of Beijing Normal University.

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