I'm not referring to mornings, at least not yet, though this was undeniably more difficult than the past two have been. I snoozed on both the first and second alarms, producing a chorus of only mildly pleasant electronic noises. When I snoozed on the second alarm, I started to feel defeated. Autonomous (as I mentioned yesterday), but nonetheless defeated.
When I realized I still had the headache that I had yesterday, I was even more tempted to give up on this morning. And then I remembered my laptop's battery had mysteriously drained yesterday; when I turned it on this morning it quickly fell from 5 to 3 percent power, and then it ever so kindly presented that cryptic message, the one in which it notifies its user that it will shut itself off soon--how soon? Three minutes? Thirty seconds? Enough time to look up a password?
I took Jacob's Bluetooth keyboard, connected it to my iPad, and somehow managed to log in to WordPress. The parentheses keys don't work properly. In fact, only a few of the punctuation keys even produce the mark they claim to produce. It would be easy to give up. It would also be easy to do it later (which defeats the whole purpose of the morning routine) or to reframe it as strategically moving on to something different. I actually like writing, so I'm not giving up this easily, even though the spell checker isn't working and I have a headache.
But what if I really didn't care for what I'm doing? Or if I didn't see the purpose? One of the big education buzzwords right now is "grit." More like: GRIT! GRIT! GRIIIIIIIT! The idea is that kids need to have this inherent desire to work through a problem or persist on a difficult assignment and that if they do, they will eventually succeed, and if they don't succeed in school but have grit, they will still be fine in life. There is some merit to this for sure. But what's elided is the act that districts and schools and teachers are the ones setting the bar and that sometimes the students need to be able to hop over it. If they continually fail, or if everything (reading, spelling, attention, memory, handwriting) is so difficult, it actually makes logical sense to stop trying.
What distinguishes these two groups is their intention or the lack thereof. That can help to reframe the giving up versus grit dichotomy. In other words, if kids can know the difference between intentionally changing course and can reframe a decision to quit as instead one to move on to something else, that makes sense to me. If they are considered or consider themselves quitters every time they stop something, well, that is not exactly motivation to keep trying.
But what about when the topic at hand is reading? Or learning vocabulary? Or analyzing literature? What if it's really, really difficult and they really don't like it? It's hard to parse the continual disappointment from the subject matter. I mean, can I get them to like it, or even enjoy it, if I show them that they are not going to feel defeated every time, if they might even feel successful or eventually autonomous?


PITTSBURGH -- Seeking to add experience and innings to a young rotation, the Cardinals claimed right-hander Tyson Ross off waivers from the Padres on Sunday prior to their 2-1 victory over the Pirates. Ross will join the club in Miami, at which time the Cardinals will make a corresponding roster move.
The Cardinals are expected to move Ross into the rotation. He'll be rested enough to pitch as early as Wednesday, which would be right-hander John Gant's turn to pitch. The Cardinals could also hold Ross until Friday and start him in place of Austin Gomber, whose spot start on Saturday lasted four innings.
Ross, an All-Star in 2014, earned a spot on the Padres' Major League roster out of Spring Training after signing a Minor League contract. He went on to make 22 starts, going 6-9 with a 4.45 ERA and 1.330 WHIP.
"I think it's important to add a guy that has that kind of experience," interim manager Mike Shildt said. "Some of the guys who have played with him came in and spoke volumes about what kind of guy he is. Clearly, he'll fit in well. The guy can eat innings. The guy has been an All-Star. We're excited to have him. He'll definitely contribute for us."
Though the Padres had an opportunity to take Ross back after the Cardinals claimed him on revocable waivers, they decided to cut ties with him and Jordan Lyles as part of their effort to hand more opportunities over to young pitchers.
"It's good to see him go have the opportunity to pitch in meaningful August and September baseball games," Padres manager Andy Green said of Ross. "I think the world of him."
Ross has struggled to pitch deep into games since the start of July, but he should help the Cardinals with innings coverage while they wait for Carlos Martinez and Michael Wacha to get healthy. Without those two, the Cardinals were featuring a rotation in which no one had pitched more than 61 innings in a Major League season.
Ross has more career starts (134) than the Cardinals' rotation combined.
"Former All-Star. He's got elite stuff," infielder Matt Carpenter said. "I think it was a good move for us, and it's certainly going to help with the young rotation and guys who are banged up."
The Cardinals played Sunday's game with only three available bench players after Tyler O'Neill was not cleared by the medical staff for the series finale. Shildt said that O'Neill is dealing with a groin ailment that presented itself just as Saturday's game was beginning.
Shildt added that "there's definitely a chance" the issue will necessitate moving O'Neill to the disabled list. O'Neill was scheduled to fly with the team to Miami for further evaluation.
This setback comes just as O'Neill was primed to get everyday at-bats as the team's starting right fielder. In his absence, Jose Martinez started in right for a second straight day.
Marcell Ozuna will be back at Marlins Park this week for the first time since the Marlins dealt him to St. Louis in December. Ozuna said he expects to receive a warm reception from the fans, but is especially excited about getting to spend a few days at home with his family.
"I'm feeling good because I'm going home," Ozuna said. "It's been a long time since I was home."
• Dominic Leone threw another scoreless inning on Saturday in his second rehab appearance with Triple-A Memphis. Leone, who has been sidelined by nerve irritation in his right arm since early May, worked around a hit and a walk in the 19-pitch outing.
• Outfielder Adolis Garcia extended his hitting streak to 14 games in Memphis' loss on Saturday. He is hitting .419 with 18 runs, eight doubles, nine homers and 23 RBIs during that streak.


text:
Brett Jerrett
Band Folk Acoustic
Share Brett Jerrett's EPK!
The best kept secret in music
2009 - Grow Up EP
Brett Jerrett is an acoustic singer/songwriter from Sydney Mines, Nova Scotia. He began playing and writing his own material in 2006. His influences include artists such as: Kevin Devine, Elliott Smith, and Manchester Orchestra. He has been slowly and carefully working on new material and playing shows through the years. Eventually, he teamed up with Louisburg drummer, Dave Cann, to record and independently release his EP "Grow Up" in 2009 which includes five original songs that were recorded at Feret Hole Studios in Glace Bay. Since then he has been gradually developing a full-band to play his music live.
Some of his recent songs can be listened to at:
www.myspace.com/brettjerrett

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Achalcus bicolor är en tvåvingeart som beskrevs av Marc Pollet 2005. Achalcus bicolor ingår i släktet Achalcus och familjen styltflugor. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Styltflugor
bicolor

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Naira Plunges To 475 As Dollar Demand Rises
Home / Investor News / Naira Plunges To 475 As Dollar Demand Rises
Naira Plunges To 475 As Dollar Demand Rises2020-11-182020-11-18https://courtevillegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/logonew.gifCourteville Business Solutions Plchttps://courtevillegroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/loan.jpg200px200px
The Naira weakened further on Monday, trading at 475 to the United States Dollar in the parallel market amid a rise in demand for the greenback.
The local currency, which has come under pressure in recent days, fell to 470 per Dollar on Friday from 468 on Thursday. The Naira was trading at 462-463 at the unofficial market at the start of this month.
In the Investors' and Exporters' forex window, the Naira closed at 386 to a dollar on Monday, compared to 385.50 at which it opened, according to data from FMDQ Group.
The CBN has kept the official exchange rate at N379/$1 since August, when the Naira was devalued for the second time this year from 360 per Dollar. It was first devalued to 360 in March from 306.
"All the major sources of foreign exchange inflow to support the country's forex reserves have declined," the Group Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer, Cowry Asset Management Limited told our correspondent.
The forex reserves fell to $35.60bn as of November 13, 2020 from $35.69bn on October 28, the latest data from the Central Bank of Nigeria showed.
Johnson said while there had been some recovery in the price of crude oil, the decline in oil production caused by the OPEC cut deal meant that proceeds from crude sales had dropped.
The financial expert said foreign portfolio investment in the country had plummeted, adding that diaspora remittances had also declined significantly.
"There is a lot of unmet demand for Dollars," Johnson said, adding that pressure was mounting even as the CBN continued to intervene in the market.
He said demand pressures were coming from end-users and those whose obligations had matured and in need of forex to meet the obligations.
The MD/CEO, Financial Derivatives Company Limited, Mr Bismarck Rewane, had said earlier this month that the Naira would weaken in the parallel market and likely depreciate to 470-475 against the Dollar in November and December.
He said with oil prices still under pressure again, the supply of forex into the country would be further limited.
He said the resumption in international flights, trading and manufacturing activities will heighten forex demand pressures.
The PUNCH had reported last week that some members of the Monetary Policy Committee of the Central Bank of Nigeria expressed concerns at their last meeting over the high demand pressure in the nation's foreign exchange market.
The Deputy Governor, Corporate Services Directorate, CBN Mr Edward Adamu, said the demand pressure in the forex market had remained elevated in the face of declining accretion to external reserves and declining private inflow.
He added that legitimate sources of forex demand, speculation and other frivolous demands had contributed to sustaining pressure on the naira exchange rate.
Bloomberg reported last Friday that the naira had lost all ground it gained after the regulator started weekly interventions, signaling the continuous existence of pent-up demand for the greenback.
The CBN resumed sale to licensed Bureau de Change operators in September after the Federal Government opened up international travel following the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions.
https://punchng.com/naira-plunges-to-475-as-dollar-demand-rises/
STOCK MARKET REPORT FOR NOVEMBER 13TH 2020Investor News
Freight Forwarders Seek Reopening Of BordersInvestor News


text:
Marion Thompson Wright Lecture Series
MTW Chronology
Long Time Here: Prisons and Policing in African-American History
Taking Good Care: A History of Health and Wellness in the Black Community
Time...Africa and the Diaspora
The Space Between the Notes: The Social Life of Music in Black History
City Moves: Black Urban History Since 1967
Curating Black America
Tending the Light: Community Organizing & the Modern Civil Rights Movement
Emancipation and the Work of Freedom
Beauty and the Black Body: History, Aesthetics, and Politics
Laboring in the Vineyard: Scholarship and Citizenship
Mine Eyes Have Seen the Glory: Lincoln, the NAACP, and the World They Created
Private Grief and Public Mourning in African American Life and History
Time Longer Than Rope: Historical Memory and the Black Atlantic
Black Creativity and Modern American Life
Lessons from the Past
Brown vs. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas: A Retrospective
W.E.B. Du Bois in Africa
Old Stories, New Venues African American History in Public Spaces
Every Wise Woman Buildeth Her House: Sisterhood In The Black Church
On the Meaning of Freedom
Climbing Jacob's Ladder: The Life and Times of Paul Robeson
Small Footprints on the Past: America's Black Children in Historical Perspective
MTW Press
The Annual Marion Thompson Wright Lecture (MTW) series was co-founded in 1981 by Dr. Price and the late Giles R. Wright, who served many years as the inaugural director of the Afro-American History Program at the New Jersey Historical Commission. Mounted in observance of Black History Month in New Jersey, the MTW Series is one of the nation's most remarkable and longest running scholarly conference series devoted to the historical literacy of a community. Diverse, civically engaging, and a contribution to life-long learning, the MTW Series has brought to Newark some of the nation's most significant scholars. They include former Surgeon General of the United States under President Clinton, Dr. Joycelyn Elders, Pulitzer Prize winning historian and legal scholar Professor Annette Gordon Reed, Deborah Willis, Sterling Stuckey, Eric Foner, Lonnie Bunch, David Blight, and Nell Painter, among many others. The 30th anniversary conference in 2010, Laboring in the Vineyard: Citizenship and Scholarship, a two-day program, drew over a thousand citizens to the Paul Robeson Campus Center on the Newark Campus.
Save the Date for 2020 Marion Thompson Wright Lecture Series


A planned strike by Unite members at tower crane company HTC Wolffkran has been suspended following pay negotiations held today (September 4).
The pay offer will see workers receive a six per cent pay increase over two years as well as two one off payments of £250 by the end of 2017. In addition workers will see their paid annual leave entitlement increase by two days by January 2019 and receive greater flexibility on taking unpaid leave during the Christmas shutdown.
Unite's members at HTC Wolffkran will be balloted on whether they wish to accept the offer and this ballot will be completed by Friday, September 2017.
The strike action, which would have seen widespread disruption on many construction sites, had been scheduled for Friday, September 8.
"The latest offer is a significant step forward and Unite has suspended the planned strike action to allow members to decide if they wish to accept it," said Unite regional officer Paul Lomax.
"Throughout this dispute Unite has always said that we have been fully prepared to negotiate and that we believed a settlement was possible," he added. "We are pleased that HTC Wolffkran returned to the negotiating table and that an improved offer could be made.


Danny Rolph pushes painting to a limit where the work takes on sculptural properties and trompe l'oeil features. Referencing Pop Art, Old Masters and consumer culture, Rolph juxtaposes abstract painterly brushwork with figuration and collaged compositions of found materials, photos and studies from other works.
Addington, 2008, mixed media on Twinwall, 100 x 100cm, image courtesy the artist..


The free workshop is intended to help organizations identify and address harassment and discrimination in the workplace.
Goodwill Manasota is partnering with the U.S. Department of Labor and a local law firm to address the issue of sexual harassment in the workplace. The workshop "Time's Up – Sexual Harassment and Employment Law in 2018" is intended to help organizations identify and address harassment and discrimination in the workplace. The program will be led by Lourdes Bahr and Al Hernandez of the Department of Labor and Christine Sensenig of the law firm Hultman Sensenig + Joshi. The free workshop takes place 9-11 a.m. Wednesday, Jan. 31, in the community room at the Cortez Road Goodwill, 3465 Cortez Road W., Bradenton. Reserve a spot online.


Melchurch became addicted to viewing his own future.
Each day he would go further and further along his timeline, seeing the life he would go on to have. He learned that he would become wealthy, a genuine success. A knighthood would come.
It was during the fourth week, when he was previewing his 65th year on Earth, when it happened. When the neglect on his body in the present day took its toll. When his major organs gave out from starvation and dehydration.
As his present, unfulfilling life came to an end, so did his hopes of a brighter one.


This little community of Loving had a country store, Church, and school. The same time had the "born in Hell" mules, I had a friend I ran with named Bill Blevins. So one evening, he and I are sitting on the porch of the little store drinking Cokes and eating peanuts.
Arkansas is about two miles down the road. Paul's neighbor is really mad. Paul's mules, hobbled together, jumped the fence into his wife's garden and ate all of the cabbage. It is hard to keep a straight face, but this guy is really mad.
After he left, Bill told me the story. A few days back, Paul had bought this team of mules. He brought them home, put them in the corral. They were small mules, way pretty. Well they milled around for a little while then together they jumped the fence and took off.
Well, Paul chased them down and brought them back. He hobbled their front legs. This worked for an hour or less. Then over the fence again. I never seen this fence but Bill said it was five to six feet high. I will add that Bill was helping chase them down. They were brought back and hobbled together.
I talked to Bill later, he said, yes they jumped out and ate the neighbor's garden. Yes they caught them before they got to Arkansas.
As I said before, we sold the little forty-acre farm and back to California. I don't remember how long we stayed this time, California that is. Yes, Dad comes home from work, we are moving to Oklahoma.
Yes, back to Loving, Oklahoma. The first thing Dad did was buy a little twenty acre place. Very small house, barn, and couple of small outbuildings. Yes, and an outhouse.
All of this was on the back side of the property. Back side of the outhouse faced lane going from main road to house. Well, let's see, no back wall on outhouse, roof was gone. It doesn't snow a lot but it sure gets cold. One one stays in the outhouse very long. This place was all pasture and a small stock pond.
We stayed there for the winter only, back to California. I got my first in Oklahoma driver's license so I must of been sixteen. I still have the driver's license, would be fun to go into Oklahoma motor vehicles and ask to renew fifty-eight year old license.
I worked all Summer and bought a car, 1940 Studebaker, lasted only one month and fell apart. Bought another car, 1946 Mercury, drove this one to Oklahoma next Winter. We still owned the 20 acres.
Yes, back to Oklahoma. This time to say, HA-HA. A couple of months later, Dad bought a forty acre place, no buildings on it. This place was covered with small pine trees. The idea was to cut the trees and sell them. There was a few logs, some pulp wood, and many small telephone poles.
Well since this was not a big-time logging operation, giant trucks and tractor, we need a truck. Well Dad bought a truck, 1943 Ford. He brought it home and said it needs brakes but I paid less than two hundred dollars for it. Well, let's see, big holes in floor, no brakes, but good emergency brake. Burnt one quart of oil in twelve miles. Hauled poles twelve miles, one quart going, one quart coming. In the Summer you drove with doors open to let smoke escape.
Now to the next and last mule. This forty acres had give or six loads of logs on it. Dad being a mechanic was always helping out the neighbors, fixing trucks, tractors, and chain-saws.
When our next door neighbors heard we were going to log these larger logs they said they had just bought this new team of mules, and we were welcome to use them and they would bring them to the job.
Well, that was great. One thing they didn't tell us, they had never used these mules before. It was obvious the mules didn't like each other, they were fighting in the back of the truck.
Well to make a long story short, they left one mule, took the other back with them.
Now this was a small young mule. So with harness on and skidding dogs hooked up, Dad drove mule and carried skid dogs. Well, we got to first log and I hook up dog, Dad drove mule back to landing. I will explain, these skid dogs were hooked to the harness on the mule. When you had a log hooked up there was nothing to do for me. So I walk back to the landing then carry the dogs, behind the mule back to the next log.
Well we did this a number of times, then we loaded the logs when we had a truck load.
Something I forgot to tell was that Dad and his bad hip and everything. When he came to a narrow place, the mule would go through, Dad would jump up on the log and ride it through. I was very surprised when he did this.
Well, let's see, here I am out in the book-docks with this four-legged animal. At least another twelve logs to go. Well you don't know if you can swim if you don't get wet.
So reins in one hand, skid dog in the other, up the hill we went. Hooked up to first log and started down hill, going through a narrow spot, jumped up on log, and fell off. Of course, the mule continued on, she pulled log to landing and stopped. Since it took me a couple of minutes to get out of the brush pile I fell in. When I got to the landing I swear the mule turned her head around and smiled at me. Well, we continued on for a few more hours.
A few ups and a few downs. I guess I should say, thank God, the mule knew more about skidding logs than I did.
A couple of months later, Dad sold everything and back to California to stay.


text:
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Frankly, my job can become as dry as an overcooked turkey when I focus on the wrong things, but I am fortunate enough to work with truly exceptional people who remind me how blessed I am to be superintendent of Lawton Public Schools. This week, I saw a glimpse of LPS through their eyes. Their experiences in LPS are diverse and impressive, and they remind me of the importance of our mission.
Lawton is a military town, full of military children, yet we cannot all see the world from their perspectives. Unless someone grows up as a military child, they cannot understand – not teachers or parents or spouses, no matter how much they try. One of our teachers, Jennifer Hanna, has devoted her doctoral dissertation to understanding the unique experiences of military children: Invisible Minority: Military-Connected Adolescents in Secondary Schools. Ms. Hanna (soon to be Dr. Hanna) allowed Assistant Superintendent Jamie Polk and me the opportunity to read her dissertation. We were supposed to guide her, but she taught us more than we could imagine.
We pass military children in the hall every day, but after reading Ms. Hanna's work, I will never see these students the same way again. They share a culture and a lifestyle that shapes them into the most amazing people. Even better than the research, however, was listening to Jennifer talk about her students. Her words wrapped around her kids so tenderly that I could feel the warmth. She loves her students in the most sincere and indescribable way, the way a teacher loves. I have never read a piece of scholarly research born of deeper devotion. This happened Tuesday afternoon.
Then on Thursday morning, Shoemaker Center gathered to honor educators who have achieved significant service milestones in the district with service pins. It happens this time of year all around the district, and this year, six people in Shoemaker received pins for 20 to 45 years of service to our community. Once again, they showed me our district in a new light.
Gary Dees, our district Athletic Director, received his 20-year pin. He invested 19 of those years at Eisenhower Middle School as a teacher and assistant principal, reaffirming his solid and reliable reputation. Kathy Kennedy also earned her 20-year pin. She started as a teaching assistant and worked her way up to Shoemaker's curriculum department. Jamie Polk started as a teacher in Westwood Elementary before becoming a nationally-recognized elementary principal. Twenty-five years later, she leads our schools as Assistant Superintendent. Along the way, she worked with Delores Anderson, who just earned her 30-year pin. Ms. Anderson now oversees our online applicant portal but started as a cafeteria manager. Sheila Relf, our district Purchasing Manager, was also honored with 30 years of experience. Like many, Ms. Relf started in the classroom as a teacher's assistant. The person recognized with the longest service to Lawton Public Schools, however, was Barbara Ellis with 45 years of service. During her tenure, she has held no fewer than a dozen titles from teacher to her current position as Assistant Superintendent of Business Services. This level of dedication is rare in any organization.
I could not have asked for a better week right before Thanksgiving, for these educators refreshed and inspired me. I saw the impact of kindness to a military child, and I heard from the men and women of Shoemaker Center who stand as the district's blast-shields, protecting our students and staff from more fire and heat than anyone will ever know. LPS is the heart of the Lawton-Fort Sill community, and after this week I can affirm that it is beating with passion and purpose. May we all be so blessed this Thanksgiving.


Leading telecommunications company Globe Telecom lends its support to the second Street Child World Cup, a global campaign for street children to receive protection and opportunities that all children deserve. The 10-day tournament takes place in Rio de Janeiro starting March 28 ahead, uniting teams of street children from up to 20 countries.
Through football, the event challenges the negative perception and treatment towards street children to ensure that their voices are heard and their rights are promoted.
Team Philippines is composed of one girls team and one boys team with nine players each. Of the total 18 players, 12 are from communities being supported by Globe Football Para sa Bayan, a year-round football campaign that uses the sport as an intervention tool for disadvantaged youth to stay in school, aspire for higher marks, and be in a position to via for scholarships. Globe also serves as kit sponsor.
In photo are the Team Philippines boys team with their coach Roy Moore (standing, right) and Globe representatives led by Yoly Crisanto, SVP for Corporate Communications (2nd from right), Jocel de Guzman, Director of External Affairs (2nd from left); and Miguel Bermundo of Corporate Social Responsibility (left).


We're often asked why some ingredients, such as apis (honey bee), belladonna and mercurius are used? After all, these substances can trigger significant reactions when used in strong concentrations. In homeopathy, however, the dosages are not concentrated enough to poison the body. The body's immune system reacts to the ingredients by triggering the immune system to react to the underlying problem. For example, a microdilution of honey bee will trigger the body to fight symptoms such as burning, stinging and swelling, which are in many cases the symptoms of allergy.
National Center for Homeopathy - Learn more about homeopathy and find a homeopathic physician near you.
HPUS - The Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia Convention of the United States. This is the convention responsible for the production and updating of the Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia of the United States (HPUS), which is the FDA's officially recognized compendium of homeopathic ingredients.


text:
Man arrested on suspicion of attempted murder after woman dies in hospital
"At this time we are treating the woman's death as suspicious and an address has been cordoned off while enquiries continue."
Joel CooperChief Reporter
A man has been arrested on suspicion of attempted murder following the death of a 74-year-old woman in Devon.
Police have cordoned off a property in the village of Poughill, five miles north of Crediton, after being called there on Tuesday (March 13).
Emergency services were initially called to reports of 'concern for the welfare' of a 74-year-old woman at the property in Poughill.
Neighbours said they were 'very concerned' after seeing so many police officers on site guarding the house for almost 48 hours.
The woman was taken to the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital where she was later pronounced dead.
The woman's next of kin have been informed.
A 77-year-old man was arrested on suspicion of attempted murder and has been released on bail until Tuesday, April 10.
A police spokesman said: "At this time we are treating the woman's death as suspicious.
"The address has been cordoned off while enquiries continue."
Holidaymaker found dead in Devon hospital with empty oxygen tank
Devon and Cornwall Police


The Personal Data Form is to be typed by you and returned to the Career Services Office. This form, along with the Release Form will start your data file.
Release Form The Release Form gives Career Services permission to release your Credential File at your request or at the request of a prospective employer.
Reference Forms Reference Forms need to be filled out by individuals who know you either personally or professionally, preferably someone who knows your expertise in your field of study. They may use their own letterhead instead of the forms if they prefer. The Reference Forms can either be returned by you or the individuals filling them out can return them directly to us. It is your responsibility to check your file and make sure all reference forms have been submitted.
If you wish to have your college transcripts placed in your file, you will need to contact the Registrar's office and have a copy sent to us. You may request a transcript two ways: by conventional mail or stopping at the Registrar's Office. They need your request in writing including: your signature, social security number, current address and phone, year you first attended Minot State, address where you wish transcript sent, and how many you need. If you have transcripts from other universities, you may give us copies to place in your file as well.
If you need an official transcript you will need to contact the Registrar's office to send it directly to the employer. Some people prefer to put a copy of their teaching certificate in their file.
A copy of your student teaching and practicum evaluations will automatically be sent to Career Services and be placed in your file. Your file is open for you to review to make sure all pertinent information is included.
The labels enclosed with your packet are to be filled out by you with the name and address of the School District you wish your file to be sent to. Write your name on the back side of the label and bring in or mail to us. We place this label on an envelope when we mail your file out. If you are in the area, and would like to bring in your cover letter, resume or application to be mailed with your file, you may do so. You may also request that we make copies of your file to take with you.
Current students are allowed 25 credential packets free of charge (either picked up or mailed out).


text:
Q: Firebase cloud function gets triggered twice. First time 'error', second time 'ok' Just trying to impletment Stripe Payment into my Android App.
The trouble i have is that my cloud function is triggered twice when i enter a credit card in my app. the first trigger returns an "error" status and the second trigger returns an "ok" status

Here is the code i use to save the Stripe token to my firebase realtime database:
if (cardToSave != null) {
    stripe.createToken(
        cardToSave,
         object:TokenCallback {
             override fun onSuccess(token: Token?) {
                 val currentUser = FirebaseAuth.getInstance().currentUser?.uid
                 val database = FirebaseDatabase.getInstance()
                 val pushId = database.getReference("stripe_customers/$currentUser/sources/").push().key
                 val ref = database.getReference("stripe_customers/$currentUser/sources/$pushId/token/")
                 //save the token id from the "token" object we received from Stripe
                 ref.setValue(token?.id)
                     .addOnSuccessListener {
                         Log.d(TAG, "Added Stripe Token to database successfully")
                     }
                     .addOnFailureListener {
                         Log.d(TAG, "Failed to add Token to database")
                     }
             }
...

Here is the cloud function i copied straight from Stripe's example in their github repo:
// Add a payment source (card) for a user by writing a stripe payment source token to Realtime database
exports.addPaymentSource = functions.database
    .ref('/stripe_customers/{userId}/sources/{pushId}/token').onWrite((change, context) => {
      const source = change.after.val();
      if (source === null){
        return null;
      }
      return admin.database().ref(`/stripe_customers/${context.params.userId}/customer_id`)
          .once('value').then((snapshot) => {
            return snapshot.val();
          }).then((customer) => {
            return stripe.customers.createSource(customer, {source});
          }).then((response) => {
            return change.after.ref.parent.set(response);
          }, (error) => {
            return change.after.ref.parent.child('error').set(userFacingMessage(error));
          }).then(() => {
            return reportError(error, {user: context.params.userId});
          });
        });

Any help would be appreciated!
EDIT:
index.js
'use strict';

const functions = require('firebase-functions');
const admin = require('firebase-admin');
admin.initializeApp();
const logging = require('@google-cloud/logging');
//functions.config() is firebase's environment variables
const stripe = require('stripe')(functions.config().stripe.token);
const currency = functions.config().stripe.currency || 'USD';

// [START chargecustomer]
// Charge the Stripe customer whenever an amount is written to the Realtime database
exports.createStripeCharge = functions.database.ref('/stripe_customers/{userId}/charges/{id}')
    .onCreate((snap, context) => {
      const val = snap.val();
      // Look up the Stripe customer id written in createStripeCustomer
      return admin.database().ref(`/stripe_customers/${context.params.userId}/customer_id`)
          .once('value').then((snapshot) => {
            return snapshot.val();
          }).then((customer) => {
            // Create a charge using the pushId as the idempotency key
            // protecting against double charges
            const amount = val.amount;
            const idempotencyKey = context.params.id;
            const charge = {amount, currency, customer};
            if (val.source !== null) {
              charge.source = val.source;
            }
            return stripe.charges.create(charge, {idempotency_key: idempotencyKey});
          }).then((response) => {
            // If the result is successful, write it back to the database
            return snap.ref.set(response);
          }).catch((error) => {
            // We want to capture errors and render them in a user-friendly way, while
            // still logging an exception with StackDriver
            return snap.ref.child('error').set(userFacingMessage(error));
          }).then(() => {
            return reportError(error, {user: context.params.userId});
          });
        });
// [END chargecustomer]]

// When a user is created, register them with Stripe
exports.createStripeCustomer = functions.auth.user().onCreate((user) => {
  return stripe.customers.create({
    email: user.email,
  }).then((customer) => {
    return admin.database().ref(`/stripe_customers/${user.uid}/customer_id`).set(customer.id);
  });
});

// Add a payment source (card) for a user by writing a stripe payment source token to Realtime database
exports.addPaymentSource = functions.database
    .ref('/stripe_customers/{userId}/sources/{pushId}/token').onWrite((change, context) => {
      const source = change.after.val();
      if (source === null){
        return null;
      }
      return admin.database().ref(`/stripe_customers/${context.params.userId}/customer_id`)
          .once('value').then((snapshot) => {
            return snapshot.val();
          }).then((customer) => {
            return stripe.customers.createSource(customer, {source:source});
          }).then((response) => {
            return change.after.ref.parent.set(response);
          }, (error) => {
            return change.after.ref.parent.child('error').set(userFacingMessage(error));
          }).then(() => {
            return reportError(error, {user: context.params.userId});
          });
        });

// When a user deletes their account, clean up after them
exports.cleanupUser = functions.auth.user().onDelete((user) => {
  return admin.database().ref(`/stripe_customers/${user.uid}`).once('value').then(
      (snapshot) => {
        return snapshot.val();
      }).then((customer) => {
        return stripe.customers.del(customer.customer_id);
      }).then(() => {
        return admin.database().ref(`/stripe_customers/${user.uid}`).remove();
      });
    });

// To keep on top of errors, we should raise a verbose error report with Stackdriver rather
// than simply relying on console.error. This will calculate users affected + send you email
// alerts, if you've opted into receiving them.
// [START reporterror]
function reportError(err, context = {}) {
  // This is the name of the StackDriver log stream that will receive the log
  // entry. This name can be any valid log stream name, but must contain "err"
  // in order for the error to be picked up by StackDriver Error Reporting.
  const logName = 'errors';
  const log = logging.log(logName);

  // https://cloud.google.com/logging/docs/api/ref_v2beta1/rest/v2beta1/MonitoredResource
  const metadata = {
    resource: {
      type: 'cloud_function',
      labels: {function_name: process.env.FUNCTION_NAME},
    },
  };

  // https://cloud.google.com/error-reporting/reference/rest/v1beta1/ErrorEvent
  const errorEvent = {
    message: err.stack,
    serviceContext: {
      service: process.env.FUNCTION_NAME,
      resourceType: 'cloud_function',
    },
    context: context,
  };

  // Write the error log entry
  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
    log.write(log.entry(metadata, errorEvent), (error) => {
      if (error) {
       return reject(error);
      }
      return resolve();
    });
  });
}
// [END reporterror]

// Sanitize the error message for the user
function userFacingMessage(error) {
  return error.type ? error.message : 'An error occurred, developers have been alerted';
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Roller Derby Trac Star Youth Boy's Adjustable Roller Skate. Clearance and Layaway items Roller Derby Trac Star Youth Boy's Adjustable Roller Skate.
Free Shipping on Orders Over $50! Our SALE section has rock bottom prices for high quality roller skates and all things roller skate related.
Seasonal Clearance DISCOVER; LOCATION; SPRI; Wholesale; Search; Menu; Restore Adjustable Massage Roller is rated 5.0 out of 5 by 7.
A heavy duty rolling bearing hinge comes in a flat black color. A roller bearing hinge that is 4-1/4 high, 2 wide, and has 4-1/4 gate clearance.


Honda LaneWatch™15 adds confidence and convenience when driving on roads with multiple lanes of traffic.
Honda LaneWatch™15 is featured on select Insight models.
It uses a camera located below the passenger-side mirror to display an expanded rear view of the passenger-side roadway through the Display Audio screen.
The image appears when the right-turn signal is activated or a button on the end of the stalk is pushed.
The normal field of view for a passenger-side mirror is approximately 18 to 22 degrees; however, the Honda LaneWatch™15 field of view is about four times greater—around 80 degrees.
This is enough to allow drivers to see more than two complete lanes to the right rear—up to 164 feet.
The system enables the driver to see traffic, as well as objects or pedestrians, in a vastly expanded area.


Easy online booking at 20 accommodation options in Bo-Kaap. Browse Bo-Kaap self-catering, guesthouses, B&Bs and hotels with great rates of up to 33% off. Find Bo-Kaap holiday accommodation for all tastes and budgets, with TravelGround.com.


text:
Q: Git: unable to update jQuery submodule to 1.11.3 or 1.12-stable My git submodule is defined as
[submodule "protected/vendor/jquery-submodule"]
path = protected/vendor/jquery-submodule
url = git@github.com:jquery/jquery.git

Actually is checked out at tag 1.11.2.
Going on official jQuery repo on Github I see a branch 1.12-stable and a tag 1.11.3.
So I've executed, from inside the submodule folder
git fetch
git checkout tags/1.11.3

but It tell me that:
error: pathspec 'tags/1.11.3' did not match any file(s) known to git.

So I tried
git tag -l

and the new tag and the new branch I'm looking for are not listed.
What am I doing wrong?

A: I resolved with
git checkout origin/1.12-stable

I thinked it could work because when I did
git branch -a

(not the -a) it listed me this
* master
  origin/1.11-stable
  origin/1.12-stable
  origin/1.9-stable
  origin/1.x-master
  origin/2.1-stable
  origin/2.2-stable
  origin/HEAD
  origin/compat
  origin/delegation
  origin/killphp
  origin/master
  origin/standard-then
  origin/standard-then-tests
  origin/standard-then-tests-fixed

So I tried and it worked.
About the tag problem, I found the following command in this StackOverflow question
git fetch git@github.com:jquery/jquery.git "refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*"

It told me
remote: Counting objects: 45, done.
remote: Total 45 (delta 23), reused 23 (delta 23), pack-reused 22
Unpacking objects: 100% (45/45), done.
From git@github.com:jquery/jquery
 * [new tag]         1.11.3     -> 1.11.3
 * [new tag]         2.1.4      -> 2.1.4
 * [new tag]         3.0.0-alpha1 -> 3.0.0-alpha1
 * [new tag]         3.0.0-alpha1+compat -> 3.0.0-alpha1+compat

And finally
git checkout 1.11.3

It worked !!!!


text:
Third child dies of suspected meningitis
Colin Adwent
Published: 9:00 AM January 2, 2010
INVESTIGATIONS are under way today into the deaths of three Suffolk children - including two young friends - from suspected meningitis.
Two-year-old Kyron Vince, who lived in east Ipswich like the previous two victims, died yesterday morning.
He had fallen ill on New Year's Eve, the same day as a playmate of his - a girl also aged two - died at Ipswich Hospital.
Last night, hospital officials said investigations into the tragic deaths, along with that of an 18-month-old girl on December 14, were under way.
Kyron's uncle John Ehlert said the youngster's parents Vicky Holland and Mark Vince were struggling to cope with their grief over their son's death.
He said: "It's traumatic. They just can't see how they are going to get over it."
Kyron, who had a pre-existing medical condition, appeared to be well when he was put to bed on December 30.
However, he became ill early on New Year's Eve and his condition gave his mother cause for concern.
Paramedics were called to his home in the Greenwich area of the town, which is where his two-year-old friend also lived.
When they arrived Kyron was said have been limp and was not believed to have been breathing
After clearing his airways the ambulance crew took him to Ipswich Hospital. A specialist team was sent from Addenbrooke's Hospital to Ipswich to help stabilise his condition, before he was taken to the Cambridge hospital late on New Year's Eve.
As the night wore on Kyron's parents stayed at the hospital and his condition seemed to be improving.
However, yesterday his condition worsened again and he died at 10.04am.
Kyron's friend, who has not been named, was taken to Ipswich Hospital on Wednesday night after her parents called her doctor.
It is understood the GP referred her to the Riverside Clinic, in Landseer Road, where a doctor saw her and advised her parents to take her to Ipswich Hospital.
The girl was then admitted and taken to the paediatric unit and one source said she had been "running about" on the ward at one stage.
It is understood the girl was released from hospital early on Thursday, but soon after getting home her health began to deteriorate and she was then taken back to hospital. However, doctors were unable to save her.
This week's tragedies come less than three weeks after another suspected meningitis victim, 11-month-old Ellie Parsons, of Felixstowe Road, died on December 14.
Jan Rowsell, a spokeswoman for Ipswich Hospital, expressed sympathy to all the families involved. Ms Rowsell also said investigations would be launched into the three cases and that would include working very closely with Addenbrooke's Hospital in relation to Kyron's death.
She added all the families would be kept informed at every stage.
Mr Ehlert added that Miss Holland and Mr Vince wanted to express their gratitude to all the staff at Addenbrooke's Hospital who tried in vain to save Kyron's life.


text:
Grafton Galleries
The Grafton Galleries was an art gallery situated in 8 Grafton Street in Mayfair, London. The Gallery was incorporated in London in 1891, opened in 1893, and later, from 1896, was situated in Bond Street. The Grafton gallery hosted both the first major exhibition of Impressionist art in Britain in 1905 and Roger Fry's two Post-Impressionist exhibitions in 1910 and 1912.
Longitude: -0.143559800000
Timeline of Events Associated with Grafton Galleries
Opening of Grafton Galleries
On 24 February 1893, Grafton Galleries were opened on Grafton Street, London. The gallery held temporary exhibitions of British and international fine and decorative art.
Meaghan Clarke, "1894: The Year of the New Woman Art Critic"


text:
Two Illegals Charged With Kidnapping, Raping a 12-Year-Old Girl
10 Apr 2016 Washington D.C.
Two illegal immigrants living in the Washington D.C. area have been arrested and charged with the kidnapping and rape of a 12-year-old Maryland girl, officials report.
The Montgomery County Police Department announced the arrests of diverse migrants Enrique Carbajal, 24, and Victor Tome, 19, of Wheaton, Maryland, after a sting operation conducted via text, according to the Washington Post.
Police say Carbajal sexually assaulted the girl in her Washington D.C. home, then kidnapped the child and took her to his home in Maryland where both illegals raped the child again.
Carbajal reportedly knows the parents of the child and had called asking if he could visit her at her D.C. home. Police say the mother refused the visit but Carbajal went anyway telling the girl that her mother had given him permission to enter the home.
Police charged that Carbajal assaulted the girl at around noon on March 26 then put her in his van and took her to his home in Maryland.
Carbajal is said to have then introduced the child to Tome as "fresh meat" and the two forced the girl into a bedroom and raped her again.
According to an announcement by the D.C. Metropolitan Police, Carbajal was arrested by police in the increasingly diverse Montgomery county, and charged with first degree child sexual abuse, as well as first and second-degree rape, false imprisonment, and kidnapping.
There is also a possibility the child was driven to Alexandria, Virginia and raped a third time that same day.
Since one of the crimes allegedly occurred in diverse Washington D.C., Carbajal is awaiting extradition back to the capital city.
Both men are being held on a $500,000 bond.
Police in Alexandria have been investigating a similar crime and are looking into the possibility that the pair are involved in crimes in their jurisdiction.
Immigration officials are also holding the suspects on a immigration detainers.
Follow Warner Todd Huston on Twitter @warnerthuston or email the author at igcolonel@hotmail.com
CrimeImmigrationPoliticsdiversityIllegal ImmigrantRape
Trump Pardons Kodak Black Whose Music Video Depicts Trump Supporter
Supporters Line Mar-a-Lago Streets to 'Welcome Home' Donald Trump
Donald Trump Announces Pardons and Commutations for 143 People
Report: Biden Calls on DOJ to Resume Obama-Era Payouts to Leftist Orgs
Joe Biden to Americans: Stand Up to 'Lies Told for Power and Profit'
Joe Biden Calls for Unity While Demonizing Fellow Americans
Donald Trump Bids Farewell: 'I Took On the Toughest Battles'


Today's post prompt asks us to write about a teacher who had a real impact on our lives, either for the better or the worse and how is your life different today because of him or her?
Haha well I could talk about my mum, she is a high school art teacher, oh wait WAS, its 2014 she's now retired. So anyways she was a teacher and she's taught me a hell of a lot over the years – but I think the prompt probably means more along the lines of your past school teachers.
So I'll start off saying I didn't really have any teachers that impacted badly on my life in the long run, although I'm sure I impacted badly on some of their lives.
Primary School. My year 6 teacher Mrs Anderson, the first teacher I ever tried to behave for, first class I actually tried to learn in. She separated me from my friends and put me down the front of the class between Nick Redman and Guy Faseas, it was probably the smartest thing anybody had ever done. I already knew Cathie Anderson (now Cathie Black) before I had her as a teacher as she was and still is friends with my parents and grandparents. She'd known me my whole life and I cared about what she thought of me, I was probably still loud and un-agreeable some of the time, but I did try to behave for her! Well in my head I did, she might tell you a different story!
High School. I walked into Toronto High School with a bit of an attitude and walked out with a rather bad and major one, BUT most of the teachers I had there had a positive effect on me, I just had to grow up to understand their lessons.
Science became one of my favorite subjects. Now I was never a very good 'learner' at school, WAY! to easily distracted, but in my four years at Toronto I had two super awesome science teachers Mr Morgan and Mr Delbow (that's not how he spells it I'm sure) who made learning science easier for me because they kept me captivated. I don't really remember getting into much trouble in science class.
I loved music class, but that's because it was always a bludge and the only class I got straight A's in. Art class was also one of my favorites, even though I really liked my art teacher, it was more the subject matter that held me. I Hated Math!!! No teaches fault! Just F*#king hated having to think really hard on boring numbers LOL and now I'm an office clerk who works with numbers each day, oh what a world. Numbers and I became friends after I left school. Sorry I got a bit off track there.
Last but not least Mrs Ireland my Drama teacher, I've mentioned her before, she could always get me to behave. Everybody respected Mrs Ireland, she was a hard teacher, but a good one. It was Mrs Island who encouraged the angry loud mouthed fifteen year old Sarah to try reading. I had read as a child, school forced you to read and some of my fondest early child hood memories are of reading with my mum and my Nanma, but somewhere along the teenage path I'd lost that love. She helped me to find my love of reading again, which has no doubt improved my writing, spelling and concentrating abilities over the years.
This entry was posted in Blog Challenges, Special Features and tagged 365 Writing Prompts, art teacher, emotion, High School, learning, postaday, School, teachers, Toronto, Toronto High School, Writing Exercises by Sarah "SacaKat" Fairbairn. Bookmark the permalink.


All of Saturday's high school sports results.
MUNCIE, Ind. — The Yorktown cross country program had a big day at its own Jim Leffler Invitational on Saturday, as the girls squad was the top local team, and Matt Mitsch won the boys race.
The Yorktown girls placed third out of 12 teams, as Amberleigh Sorensen finished fourth, while Elizabeth Reece finished eighth. Wapahani was fourth as Lexi Wulff placed 11th and Olivia Neal 16th. Sophia Fugiett finished fifth for sixth-place Jay County. Audrey Shepler was 21st for 11th-place Daleville, and Lauren Smith's sixth-place finish led Cowan. Central's Janelle Woods-Barnes finished 15th.
Central was the top boys squad, finishing fifth out of 15 teams. Isaiah Bennett finished in seventh, while Kavan Byrd was 19th for the Bearcats. Yorktown's Mitsch won the race to help Yorktown to a sixth-place finish. Sean Weiss was 17th for the Tigers.
Wapahani was seventh place, led by Blake Ellis (12th). New Castle was next in eighth as Britton Adkins was 28th. Daniel Wright's 10th-place finish led ninth-place Cowan, while Elliott Whiteside (6th) helped Burris finish 10th.
In other cross country action, Monroe Central's boys were third at the South Adams Invitational, led by Carter Miller in ninth and Dalton Winans in 14th. Monroe Central's girls squad was 10th, as Gabby Beckham was 10th. Blackford's boys were 11th, paced by Brayden Roberts in 23rd. Ruby Slentz led the girls squad in 28th.
Wapahani swept Southwood (25-12, 25-13, 25-21). Mallory Summers and Sarah Orme led the team with 13 kills each, while Alison Stewart dished out 22 assists.
Yorktown defeated Shelbyville (25-15, 25-20, 25-12) as Kenzie Knuckles had 11 kills and 14 digs. Jaylynn Dunsmore and Courtney Watkins added nine kills apiece, and Ellie Miller added eight. Ellee Stinson tallied 13 digs and Kylie Murr 12, with Kate Vinson racking up 39 assists.
Monroe Central brought home the Knightstown Invite trophy without dropping a set, beating Indiana Math and Science Academy (25-10, 25-3), Seton Catholic (25-12, 25-23), Milan (25-10, 25-12) and Knightstown (25-9, 25-19). Jordyn Barga led the team in kills with 27 and blocks with six, while Miranda Haney put away 23 kills. Katie Pike tallied 12 aces, while MiKayla Fields put away 11. MiKayla Fields paced the Golden Bears in digs with 32 and in assists with 38.
Delta lost to New Palestine 6-2. Addie Chester scored two goals, Jenna Whitesell had an assist and Allison Bell had 24 saves.
Burris lost to Central Christian Academy 4-3. Sam Bartrom and Rahul Agarwal each scored a goal and had an assist, while Mason Waldron also scored and Bracken Karnes added an assist. Mario Cardenas made 11 saves.
Delta lost to New Palestine 3-0.
Blackford beat Mississinewa 7-1. Colton McNeal tallied three goals and an assist, while Spencer Blakely scored twice. Keaton Elkins and Mark White each finished with a goal and an assist. Ethan Watt recorded an assist as well. Cameron Rinker had four saves.


text:
In all the discussions regarding the new translation of the Missal, one item that frequently crops up is the discarded Missal of 1998.
What Fr Z calls 'bad old ICEL' worked very hard for several years to produce a new version of the Missal which went on to be approved by various episcopal conferences, but was then rejected in Rome.
Since the publication of our new 2011 Missal, many (especially on the Pray Tell site) have compared the 2011 version unfavourably to the unpublished 1998. Those who take this line usually have an advantage over mere mortals such as me, in that they have had experience, or at least sight of, the 1998 Missal, which has been kept as a jealously-guarded secret.
Some of the arguments go a bit like this:
Fred: I quite like the 2011 Missal.
Harry: Well you're clearly not a liturgist, Fred! Now, the Missal of 1998, which we spilt blood over, was far superior until some Dark Forces in Rome proved that they knew nothing about liturgy by rejecting it out of hand. All that work, binned!
Tom: Yes, Harry, you're right. What chance did we get to experiment with the 2011? We weren't even consulted, and we know about liturgy. The 1998 was tried out in all sorts of normative groups, ordinary parish situations, like the St Gregory Society, like the Bishops' Conference LGBT awareness Caucus. Every word was pored over, weighed, agonized over. And now this Mgr Moroney can sketch some ideas on the back of an envelope, and because he has friends among the Dark Forces, can have it imposed on the whole English-speaking world!
Fred: But I still like the 2011. It's a lot better than the 1975.
Harry: Hm; discuss. I don't agree; though I think that the 1975 certainly needed updating. It had far too much sexist language in it, and it is true that a lot of the imagery had been ironed out. That is just why the 1998 is so good.
Fred. I still like the 2011.
Tom: That's because you haven't seen the 1998. You are speaking out of ignorance. I have seen, used, the 1998, and it is simply wonderful. In fact, I was one of the writers.
Fred: Well, would you give me some examples?
Tom and Harry together: No!
Fred: No?
Harry: Certainly not! It is forbidden for non-initiates to see. You must simply take our word that it a much better translation. You must remain in ignorance until you are Enlightened by us.
Fred: Well, how do I become an initiate?
Tom: You have to become a Liturgist. You must go to music days, join the Society of St Gregory, write bitter letters to the press, join What If We Just Said No, take the oaths of secrecy.
Well, all that changed for me this morning, because I found a link where you can download the whole 1998 Missal to your computer in pdf form. The veil of the temple has been torn, and all can see inside where, in my opinion, the Emperor is prancing around without many clothes on.
Don't get me wrong. Genuinely I can sympathize with those who worked for years on the 1998 Missal. It must have been galling and disheartening to have the thing rejected when so many had given it the green light.
But it really does belong to a different era. Essentially, the Ordinary is that of 1975 with some tweaks and corrections here and there. EP4 is substantially rewritten, and is actually quite nice, but the text strains painfully to be inclusive. There is an alternative version of the Our Father; the Lamb of God is substantially altered to make it match up to the frequently-used 'Communion-Song' style; quasi-litanic in form. In the rubrics, 'hostia' is rendered 'consecrated bread'; calix is 'cup' and 'patena' is 'plate':
The priest genuflects and takes some of the consecrated bread and the cup and,
extending them toward the people, says one of the following invitations:
After the completion of communion or after Mass, the deacon or another minister,
or, if there is no other minister, the priest, cleanses the plate over the cup and
then the cup itself, either at the side table or at the side of the altar.
Taking inspiration (I expect) from the Anglican liturgy, the acclamations after the Consecration have priestly lead-ins that differ according to which particular acclamation the celebrant wishes the congregation to use, losing in most cases the 'Mysterium Fidei' connection.
The collects aren't bad, actually, much better than 1975, and actually some of the ones I have looked at are preferable to the rather tortured ones in the 2011 Missal. You can find some side-by-side comparisons here, on the What If We Just Said Stuff The 2011 Missal site (useful; though it would have been more useful to have had the Latin alongside).
1998's texts and choices seem very much to come out of the Society of St Gregory school of liturgy. It really seemed, back in the 1990s, to be the way that liturgy was going, so the rejection of the Missal, and the publication of Liturgiam Authenticam must have seemed a real slap in the face. And you can see where comments such as 'Pope Benedict is not a liturgist' have come from.
I'm very glad to have been able to look at the 1998 Missal now. But if I had the choice, I have to say that I would stay with the 2011; our new translation isn't all joy for me—I do find it tortured from time to time, and sometimes inaccurate (simili modo, for instance, does not mean 'in a similar way' [though see the comments]), but in my view, on balance, it's much better than the 1998, and light years better than the 1975.
Joseph Shaw said...
I did a year's theology in the mid 1990s, and presumably because one of the Dominicans was on the commission a draft of the 1998 translation was laid out on the library table at Blackfriars (Oxford). I don't remember many details but I was struck by the rather self-satisfied tone of the commentary (they couldn't use one perfectly ordinary word, for instance, because it meant something rude in parts of the Australian outback or something), and the inclusive language.
I wasn't looking forward to its implementation! Well, we were spared.
Fr William said...
Good find! At a quick glance, the actual translation style seems quite good - when, that is, they manage to confine themselves to translating the Latin. But it suffers from a severe case of Common Worship-itis (they're from the same period, of course): umpteen options at every conceivable point, with a severe sense of many liturgical hands all striving to place their own stamp on the finished product. (And often so wordy: some of the "Alternative Opening Prayers" are three times the length of a normal collect, and feel like an attempt to squeeze an entire homily into one prayer. Common Worship's Prefaces, in particular, suffer from the same problem.)
The killer, though, is the drastic "inclusivisation", with studious avoidance of male pronouns in relation to God (e.g. the one change to the old ICEL Gloria being "peace to God's people on earth.)
monsignor said...
Dear Father!
Pray tell what "simili modo" exactly means, if the translation "in a similar way" is indeed inaccurate.
Mgr: it just goes to show what taking someone's word for it does! I had been told that it meant 'in the same way' without any possible other interpretations. Your comment sent me scurrying away to my dictionary (where I should have gone in the first place) where I see that it can, indeed, bear the meaning 'similar' also. Apologies, and thank you for the correction.
Father, as probably the guilty party here, I'm sorry if I led you astray. My argument is that to render "simili modo" as "in a similar way" is not only unidiomatic but positively misleading, and an example of what I think of as the "schoolboy translation" tendency of the new Missal (i.e. sticking so unnaturally closely to the structures and idioms of the original that the meaning actually gets obscured rather than expressed with clarity.) The natural and idiomatic way of rendering that phrase in English is "in the same way"; saying "a similar" rather than "the same" implies (as the Latin does not) that there is a degree of difference between the two things being compared.
Ttony said...
Father: I had thought that it was "in a similar way" rather than "the same way" because Our Lord didn't break the chalice. It's a way of saying mutatis mutandis, I guessed.
I still think it sounds as though written by someone a bit cloth-eared, but I hadn't doubted the literalness.
Matthew M said...
Thanks for providing the link. Just at a glance I would still describe it as 'That 70's Show' mentality of the English language. Of course, the New Translations are a vast if still imperfect improvement. Perhaps in another 10-15 years they will through in a few Tudor English stylisms.
Shoud have stuck with the 1962 missal - Latin is so precise and it's quite beautiful.
Back to the Future.
Catholic Left-winger said...
Aye, but the priests celebrating the Masses according to the 1962 Missal weren't always beautiful or precise. We often blame the ritual when we should be looking at the one leading it.
I have attended stunningly beautiful vernacular Masses, sometimes the most simple ones.
On the whole, I prefer the new translation but struggle with the over-literalism and refusal to understand that the use of the conditional in Latin cannot be directly translated into English grammar where the use of different sentences would make more sense.
Fr John Hunwicke said...
The Anglicans borrowed it from ICEL ... there was a jolly game in the 1990s of Catholic 'liturgists' coming up with a Bright Idea; persuading Anglicans to accept it on the grounds that This Is What The Catholic Church is Going To Do; then going to Rome and saying You've Got To OK This Because It Is Ecumenically Agreed With The Anglicans.
Petrus said...
Yes, this is all very interesting, but what happened to the English translation approved by the old National Liturgical Commission ?
Was it consigned to the outer darkness when the ICEL translation was foisted on us ?
Was it, to coin a phrase, ever officially abrogated ?
Petrus: my understanding is that it was legitimate until a couple of months ago, when the new translation became normative, replacing both the old ICEL and the NLC versions.
John F H H said...
simili modo
And what pray, is wrong with "likewise"?
After all, it has passed into one of well-known quotations of the English Language -
"Go, and do thou likewise".
Or was it just too...Cranmerian?
John U.K.
Before Mass


The Anonymous Mint's Lisa Parker Collection is yet another installment of beautiful silver rounds with low mintage figures. Even by the Anonymous Mint's standards though, this collection offers extremely limited mintage figures that the mint has labeled "micro mintage numbers". This new collection from the Anonymous Mint catalogs some of the top works from wildlife and mystical artist Lisa Parker. The second design of the collection is now available to you from JM Bullion and brings the eerie appearance of What Lies Within. Today is your chance to learn all about the latest design.
For the second design in the Lisa Parker Collection, the Anonymous Mint chose her creation known as What Lies Within.
The eerie scene includes a quaint little cottage in the woods with the branches of leafless trees hanging overhead the building as the light of the full moon in the night sky beams in the background. The cottage appears inviting with its front door slightly ajar and a warm glow coming from within. However, the cat sitting in the foreground offers a bit of warning to those who might approach. It sits with its head turned back staring right at you almost as if beckoning you to enter the cottage, but simultaneously sending a shiver down your spine. Is the cat inviting you in or warning you about entering?
All silver rounds in this series share the same reverse design. Wild One is depicted on the reverse and is one of Parker's most iconic designs. It includes the large portrait of a wolf's head facing directly at the viewer with a background field of leafless trees and a five-pointed star.
British artist Lisa Parker studied Natural History Illustration at Bournemouth & Poole Institute of Art & Design. From a young age she enjoyed expression her love of wildlife and nature using pencils in her artwork. Over time, her work grew to combine wildlife and nature with the mystical realm. Throughout her career she has worked with various media, including pencils, oils, and watercolors. Most of her modern works are originally completed in watercolors. You can find her works of art on countless products from shirts and calendars to phone cases and these beautiful silver rounds in the Lisa Parker Collection.
Issued by the Anonymous Mint, the Lisa Parker Collection is a six-round series with beautiful designs chosen by lead coin designer Julie Lindquist. Each of the designs to feature in the series are hand-carved onto silver blanks by Italian master sculptor Luigi Badia. The rounds in this collection are available with 1 oz silver and 5 oz silver options. For each design released, the Anonymous Mint strikes proof, antique, and colorized proof options.
As the series continues, be sure to check back to find the upcoming designs of Moon Gazer, Apache, Power of Three, and Snow Kisses. There is a new design issued in this collection each month through early 2019.
Similar to other issues from the Anonymous Mint, JM Bullion is the exclusive release partner. When each new design in the collection, you'll find those images and silver rounds available only from JM Bullion. Please keep an eye on our blog each week for the latest information on upcoming coin releases, the next issue in the Lisa Parker Collection, and other relevant precious metals news. Don't forget you can also follow us on Facebook for daily and weekly information on the precious metals mark. If you have questions, JM Bullion customer services is available at 800-276-6508, online using our live chat, and via our email address.


After an awesome Halloween night, comes the day after. We bat those eyelashes a million times to see a clearer morning, rubbed the smothered kohl that adds to the baggy sleepy eyes and trudge away to the bathroom only to come out looking stylish and bobbing our heads to Mick Jagger. It is a good evening after all!
Carpe Diem this beautiful day ladies and pack it up with mystic blues, literally! Today we are lusting over our mundane wardrobe beast — denims.
It is always a safer bet to start with the basics, isn't it? But we are revving up the basics for a little feast with slash and burn. Torn and faded ones with a little fold on the outside at the ankle is super chic and our favourite for the day.


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Policy and Strategy (14)
Evidence Summaries (9)
Results for all evidence | British Psychological Society
View all results Displaying only ARMSPrimary for your search
Capillary blood gas sampling for neonatal and pediatric patients
Remove: American Association for Respiratory Care source - 30 April 2001 - Publisher: American Association for Respiratory Care
Bower LK, Barnhart SL, Betit P, Hendon B et al.(2001) Capillary blood gas sampling for neonatal and pediatric patients. Respiratory Care 46 : 506–513 Capillary blood gas (CBG) samples may be...
Guidelines and literature review for psychologists working therapeutically with sexual and gender minority clients [PDF]
Remove: British Psychological Society source - 01 February 2012 - Publisher: British Psychological Society
These guidelines have been developed in recognition of the importance of guiding and supporting applied psychologists around their work with sexual and gender minority clients in order to enable...
Working with interpreters: guidelines for psychologists [PDF]
Remove: British Psychological Society source - 20 November 2017 - Publisher: British Psychological Society
In today's multilingual and globalised world, it is likely that psychologists will come into contact with service users who do not use English as their first language, or who use British Sign...
Practice Guidelines Third edition [PDF]
Remove: British Psychological Society source - 01 August 2017 - Publisher: British Psychological Society
This document provides a set of shared guidelines for practice for all applied psychologists, and its main aims are: to define good psychological practice for all psychologists to...
Evidence briefing: Dementia, accessibility, and minority groups [PDF]
Remove: British Psychological Society source - 18 April 2018 - Publisher: British Psychological Society
The aim of this document is to provide an overview of the needs of people who are affected by dementia, their families and carers from black, asian and minority ethnic groups. The briefing paper...
Safeguarding children and young people: Every psychologist's responsibility [PDF]
Remove: British Psychological Society source - 01 June 2018 - Publisher: British Psychological Society
This document provides a model for psychologists to aid thinking and decision-making around the complexities of safeguarding children. It outlines systems and factors which can affect a child, and...
Psychological assessment of adults with specific performance difficulties at work [PDF]
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These guidelines were developed in order to promote good practice in the psychological assessment of those individuals whose behaviour in the workplace reflects inconsistencies between what is...
Guidelines for psychologists working with animals [PDF]
Psychologists, in their professional capacity, may work with animals in research, or in practical teaching within psychology degree programmes. They may be involved in the training and use of...
Changing behaviour: electronic cigarettes [PDF]
Remove: British Psychological Society source - 03 October 2017 - Publisher: British Psychological Society
Smoking is one of the largest causes of death and disease in the developed world, responsible for 96,000 deaths per year in the UK (ASH Fact Sheet 2). If current trends continue, it is estimated...
Changing behaviour: responsible alcohol consumption [PDF]
Effective and sustained alcohol-related behaviour change requires a multi-pronged approach that includes public health campaigns, minimum unit pricing and individual level behaviour change...


After being supremely upset with the current options for using Hamachi on Mac OS X, and the difficultly of getting it installed in the first place, I set out to solve every issue I've ever had with Hamachi on the Mac. At least, as much as is possible.
It's important to note that I am NOT an official developer for LogMeIn, and this project may not see the light of day due to some issues I cannot yet speak about.
But if this does work out... damn... Hamachi on Mac worries are over.
Look at that screenshot. This is just an early alpha build, and the UI keeps getting better, as well as the features.
A full setup assistant allows mind-numbingly simple setup of Hamachi - right down to creating or joining a network. The peers list allows you to pick from any number of default "services" - actions to take on a peer - and you can quickly add your own. You can even assign one to the double-click action of a peer. The three most useful, "Share Screen", "Browse Files", and "Copy Address" are available directly from the main window with a single click.
At this rate, this new app will have some great features that LogMeIn will want to consider integrating into their official product.


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Rangnick rules out Cavani Man Utd exit
SoccerNews in La Liga 2 Jan 2022
Ralf Rangnick says Edinson Cavani will "definitely" not be allowed to leave Manchester United during the January transfer window.
Cavani has only started three games for the Red Devils this season, but came into the side for the Premier League defeat of Burnley last Thursday after his strike at Newcastle United rescued a 1-1 draw.
The Uruguay striker has been linked with the likes of Barcelona and Juventus, having become frustrated with a lack of opportunities at Old Trafford.
But interim boss Rangnick has told Cavani, who is under contract until the end of June, he wants him to stay at United.
"He knows that I will definitely not let him go," said the German.
He added: "I told him from the very first day that, for me, he is a highly important player. He is probably the only one who can play as a striker back to goal and face to goal.
"And, as I said, his professionalism, his work ethic is just amazing and I told him that I desperately want him to stay until the end of the season. He knows that. He also knows how highly I rate him and how highly I respect him.
"We will definitely need Edi. I would rather have another Edi on top of that but for me it's clear that Edi has to stay."
pic.twitter.com/aXxGTQJa5r
— Edi Cavani Official (@ECavaniOfficial) December 27, 2021
One player who is expected to be on his way out of United is Anthony Martial, who has told the club he wants to leave.
Sevilla are reported to have had a loan offer for the forward rejected and Rangnick says he will only be allowed to move if the deal is right for all parties.
"He made it very clear that he wants to leave and, in a way, I can understand his wish to leave and to try to play more regularly somewhere else," Rangnick said.
"But, again, it's a question not only of what he wants to do but it's also a question of which kind of clubs are interested in him and do they meet the demands of the club, so we have to wait and see."
United will look to extend their unbeaten run to nine matches when they entertain Wolves in the Premier League on Monday.
Categories La Liga


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More resources will improve access to dialysis treatment and specialists
Minister Robert Henderson and Dr. Derek Chaudhary, PEI Renal Program Medical Director, discuss benefits of additional staffing resources and expanded hours of service to Islanders receiving dialysis treatment and those living with chronic kidney disease
Islanders living with chronic kidney disease will soon benefit from more resources and better access to dialysis treatment and specialists at the renal clinic, says Minister of Health and Wellness Robert Henderson.
This week, Health PEI introduced an evening shift that will enhance capacity for nine additional patients at the Charlottetown Hemodialysis Unit located at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital. Five patients currently traveling to Summerside will be able to receive treatment closer to home as a result of the new evening shift.
New staff have been hired and trained to support the expansion, including two registered nurses, an LPN, a support worker and environment services staff.
"By hiring additional staff, expanding programs and increasing clinic hours, our aim is to improve access to hemodialysis services and improve the quality of life for those Islanders undergoing treatment," said Minister Henderson. "Our focus is on putting the patients first and connecting them with quality services in the community and in our health care system."
For the Provincial Renal Program, additional staff are also being hired, including a renal nurse practitioner, dietician, social worker, and pharmacist. The renal nurse practitioner will work with the program's two nephrologists to support Islanders living with chronic kidney disease.
To further support the 13 Islanders currently receiving peritoneal dialysis, two community-based renal nurses are being hired. One will support those living in Prince County, and the other will support patients living in Queens and Kings Counties.
"Over the last few years we have experienced sustained growth and an increased need to provide renal care to Islanders," said Dr. Derek Chaudhary, PEI Renal Program Medical Director. "We have been working closely with health care providers and government to expand renal care on Prince Edward Island for Islanders living with chronic kidney disease and kidney failure.
Dr. Chaudhary added that the addition of a peritoneal dialysis program and support for post-kidney transplant patients on PEI; growth within the hemodialysis program; and, ensuring the Renal Clinic is easily accessible for those not yet ready for treatment – but in need of clinical support and monitoring –have been important areas of focus. "The addition of health care providers to our program will ensure patients receive better access to life-sustaining care and improved outcomes."
There are currently 104 Islanders are receiving hemodialysis treatment at one of four locations across the province – 65 at the Charlottetown Hemodialsysis Unit (QEH), 21 at the Summerside Hemodialysis Unit (PCH), 11 at the Souris Dialysis Unit (Souris Hospital), and 7 at the Alberton Dialysis Unit (Western Hospital).
For more information, visit the PEI Renal Program
About Chronic Kidney Disease:
Chronic kidney disease, also called chronic kidney failure, is the gradual loss of kidney function. Chronic kidney disease occurs when a disease or condition impairs kidney function, causing kidney damage to worsen over several months or years. Risk factors for chronic kidney disease include diabetes (Type 1 or 2), high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, smoking, obesity, family history, abnormal kidney structure and age to name a few.
Provincial Renal Program Expansion:
A series of provincial government investments have been made since 2011 to modernize and expand the Provincial Renal Program, including:
• a peritoneal dialysis program for PEI and on-Island support for post-kidney transplant patients were established in 2016;
• a $750,000 expansion and renovation of the Souris Dialysis Unit was completed in 2015 (this included the purchase of a state of the art water filtration system);
• the Provincial Renal Program offices were co-located at the Queen Elizabeth Hospital and two nephrologists were hired, as well as specialized renal nurses, dieticians and social workers; and,
• a new $2.7 million hemodialysis unit for Summerside was constructed at Prince County Hospital in 2011 and another at the QEH in 2012.
Amanda Hamel
ajhamel@gov.pe.ca


The creators of the cult 'bucket bag' are expanding their horizons.
Mansur Gavriel, the brand known for those well-priced, well-made bucket bags and totes that once had Birkin-level wait lists, has achieved a lot in its three short years of existence.
There's the global following that borders on the occult (in its first two years of existence, shoppers awaited restocks of said bags with the kind of fervour Jehovah's Witnesses anticipate the Rapture.) And then there's the first-rate list of stockists (Net-a-Porter, Matchesfashion.com, and MyChameleon, for example) and influencer following (Karlie Kloss and Reese Witherspoon are fans, plus no Eva Chen pose is complete without one.) And in the near future, founders Rachel Mansur and Floriana Gavriel will be adding women's wear to their list of accomplishments.
The duo, in town to promote a new capsule collection of mini Sun Bags at Dover Street Market, are coy when asked about timing but say the clothing will have the same buoyant sensibility as the accessories. 'It's very similar to the bags in that we're very interested in colour. And that's really driving the concept and how we approach it,' Mansur says.


A patio – or pergola if you prefer – can be a valuable addition to any home but it's important to choose your materials well to get the most value from the project.
Take the case of this stunning patio and hardwood deck, built by David Bunton and his team at Outside Concepts Bayside Victoria branch. The deck has been built using spotted gum, a eucalyptus hardwood timber that's not only extremely durable but also rich in colour and extremely attractive. It's been matched with a patio built predominantly using hardwood, with hardwood timber even used in the endfills.
Smart material choice is also evident in the roof. With the hardwood being a dark colour, rather than roof the structure entirely in steel, a combination of steel and polycarbonate sheeting has been used. This lets plenty of natural light in. Lights have also been added to the structure to allow the homeowners to use the patio at night.
The result is not only an outdoor living area that is practical and looks stunning, it also provides the homeowners with a resort-feel to help them relax after a stressful week. In addition, the patio and deck perfectly compliments the Bayside home.


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New Voice: A. LaFaye on Walking Home to Rosie Lee
Home » New Voice: A. LaFaye on Walking Home to Rosie Lee
A. LaFaye is previously published in the novel, but Walking Home to Rosie Lee, illustrated by Keith D. Shepherd (Cinco Puntos, 2011) is her debut picture book. From the promotional copy:
Young Gabe's is a story of heartache and jubilation. He's a child slave freed after the Civil War, and he sets off to reunite himself with his mother who was sold before the war's end.
"Come morning, the folks take to the road again, singing songs, telling stories and dream-talking of the lives they're gonna live in freedom. And I follow, keeping my eyes open for my mama.
"Days pass into weeks, and one gray evening as Mr. Dark laid down his coat, I see a woman with a yellow scarf 'round her neck as bright as a star. I run up to grab her hand, saying, Mama?"
Gabe's odyssey in search for his mother has an epic American quality, and Keith Shepherd's illustrations—influenced deeply by the narrative work of Thomas Hart Benton—fervently portray the struggle in Gabe's heroic quest.
Looking back, are you surprised to debut in 2011, or did that seem inevitable? How long was your journey, what were the significant events, and how did you keep the faith?
It seems almost fitting that Walking Home to Rosie Lee had a long journey to publication when you consider that it's about a type of journey that was much longer and more difficult and silent within the pages of children's literature.
As a historical fiction writer, I'm always looking for untold stories. Or better yet, stories that have been told, but not widely shared within the children's literature community.
The story of family reunification among African Americans who had been enslaved has been told within that community from family to family, generation to generation, and the pages of history books by influential African American historians like John Hope Franklin.
Still, the story has not been retold often in children's book, and it's such a story of triumph and hope and perseverance that I wanted it to be shared and celebrated. And since it's been a question I've had reverberating in my throat since I was a child, it's no surprise that I wanted to know–why?
The picture book is dedicated by LaFaye's daughter Adia.
What kept this story out of children's books for so long? Sadly, I found out that one of the reasons was that many editors did not see this as a unique chapter in the history in the story of African American history.
Most of the editors who rejected the manuscript said that they already had too many stories on the subject.
They lumped my manuscript into the category of "slavery" rather than seeing it as celebration of a unique aspect of the Reconstruction period.
In my research, I found that the period during the Civil War and shortly there after contained a wealth of stories of African American trials and triumph that should be celebrated in literature. For instance, why aren't there more books about the struggle to establish African American schools, Freedman's Bureaus that truly served the needs of the African American community (many were run corruptly by European Americans), Exodusters, and bi-cultural communities that strived to make American's ideal of equality for all a reality?
There are excellent examples of books about this era, including picture books (I Have Heard of a Land by Joyce Carol Thomas, illustrated by Floyd Cooper (Trophy, 2000) and Band of Angels by Deborah Hopkins, illustrated by Raul Colon (Atheneum, 1999)), novels (Forty Acres and Maybe a Mule by Harriette Fillem Robinet (Aladdin, 2000)) and nonfiction (Into the Land of Freedom by Meg Green (Lerner, 2004)).
At the same time, there are nowhere near the number of books that the complex tapestry of this era deserves.
I couldn't find a single book about the reunification of African American families during reconstruction, so I wanted to write one to "get the ball rolling," as it were.
I hope and pray that my book will inspire others to write about this trying and triumphant era of African American history.
I'll leave the story of how Rosie Lee finally found its way into print for a later question in honor of the editor and publisher who finally saw the importance of bringing this story out into the world, Lee Byrd of Cinco Puntos Press.
As far as keeping the faith goes, I'm no expert at it, but I am quite experienced. I've always taken the road less traveled, mostly because I know I'll learn new things going that way.
Taking that route often meant that I had great trouble finding sources when I did research, found it hard to convince an editor to see the value in my story, and had great difficulty in finding readers to follow me down that path. The readers that could find my work generally loved it, but I've struggle for over a decade to find a wide readership.
I often explain to folks that I'm more of a "writer's writer" like the character actors we recognize when we see them and admire for their work, but we really don't follow their career.
I'm hoping that this book will find a wider reading audience and hopefully bring more readers to my other books.
Speaking of which, one of those books Stella Stands Alone (Aladdin, 2010) is the whole reason Rosie Lee came to be. Well, that book and Susan Campell Bartoletti, author of They Called Themselves The KKK (Houghton Mifflin, 2010). More on that in my answer to the next question.
As a historical fiction writer, what drew you first-character, concept, or historical period? In whichever case, how did you go about building your world and integrating it into the story? What were the special challenges? Where did you turn for inspiration or support?
Susan Campell Bartoletti, a dear friend and excellent teacher, once said that if you're going to do all of the research for a historically themed book, you should write more than one book based on that research. That makes sense. You've done all the research. Why not look at the material from more than one perspective?
After all, history is all about perspective. Looking at the same event from multiple perspectives allows us to see how different the same historical event/period could have been for the many different people who experienced it. I'd done a lot of research for each of my historical novels, but I'd never been able to follow Susan's advice until I wrote Stella Stands Alone (Simon & Schuster, 2008).
Set in Mississippi just after the Civil War, the novel tells the story of Stella Reid, who inherits the family plantation when her father is murdered for trying to divide the place up amongst the people his father (Stella's grandfather) had enslaved.
Stella fights crooked bankers, malicious plantation owners, and the KKK to make good on her father's promise.
I wrote the novel because I wanted to explore what would have happened if individual planters had made good on Sherman's promise of "40 acres and a Mule" before President Andrew Johnson repealed it.
In the process of writing the novel, I uncovered two areas of history that I felt needed to be shared—one to be condemned, the other to be celebrated—forced apprenticeships and family reunification.
At the end of the Civil War, plantation owners pulled out all the stops to force the African Americans they had enslaved to remain indebted to them—each institution worse than the last, destroying marriage records kept by Union officers, refusing to issue marriage licenses, demolishing schools, share cropping, fear tactics like the KKK, and the list continues.
One thing they did that I had never even heard about before was forced apprenticeships where they had a child (who could have two living parents) declared a ward of the state because the parents couldn't produce a birth certificate or a marriage license, then forced the child to work for free until his/her 21st birthday. Some parents were coerced into agreeing to these apprenticeships. Most fought for years to regain custody of their own children.
I incorporated this horrible practice into the story by having Stella's best friend forced into an apprenticeship while her mother, Rosie, was away trying to find the three sons she was torn away from when her owner lost her in a poker game and sent her upriver to work on another plantation.
The story of Rosie and her three boys lead to the story of Rosie Lee and her son Gabriel in Walking Home to Rosie Lee. I wanted the story of family reunification to reach more readers, so I wrote it in picture book form from a new perspective, that of a young boy searching for his mother.
To write Gabriel's story, I drew from the research I had done for Stella Stands Alone through historical records, museums, history books, and articles. So much of the story of these families didn't make it into print, so most of the details I had to piece together from a myriad of stories within partial tales left behind in want ads (looking for lost family relatives in African American newspapers), vague descriptions of Freedman's Bureau, petitions for marriage licenses, and personal stories like that of William Stillwell, an abolitionist who fought for decades to reunite his own family.
It's my sincere hope that my story can hold a candle to the courage, hope, and determination of all the people who struggled through so much to reunite their families.
How did you go about identifying your editor? Did you meet him/her at a conference? Did you read an interview with him/her? Were you impressed by books he/she has edited?
The editor for Walking Home to Rosie Lee was Lee Byrd of Cinco Puntos Press. I first came to know of Ms. Byrd and her publishing company through a writer friend of mine, Eve Tal, author of Cursing Columbus (Cinco Puntos Press, 2009).
Eve had asked me for advice on her debut novel Double Crossing (Cinco Puntos Press, 2007), and when the book came out, Lee Byrd asked me to write a blurb for the back cover. I admired the Byrds' commitment to telling unique stories, untold chapters of history, and keeping the independent spirit of publishing alive.
When I first sent the manuscript to Lee, she wrote back to say how much the story had touched her, but that she was going to pass on the story because Cinco Puntos hadn't published any books focusing on African American history and wasn't sure they'd have the grounding to promote the book.
Several months later, I saw Lee at a conference. We talked, and she told me that she hadn't returned the manuscript to me because she found that she often went back to reread the story because it had touched her. I encouraged her to listen to the voice that told her it was a manuscript that was not only worth reading, but also re-reading—the hallmark of a great picture book, in my mind.
Not to mention being a distinction that I found humbling. It's always an honor when something you've written resonates enough with readers to make them want to return to the story you've shared with them.
Lee reminded me that Cinco Puntos hadn't published a book in this area before, and I suggested that there's always a first time and that they'd proven with other books like Crossing Bok Chitto (written by Tim Tingle, illustrated by Jean Rorex Bridges — Cinco Puntos 2006) that they could branch out into new subject areas and do very well.
She agreed that I might have something there and promised to show the book to her husband and son (Cinco Puntos is a family run company out of El Paso, Texas) and see where that might lead.
It led to them signing on the book and finding an illustrator like Keith Shepard who was ready to illustrate his first book.
So this book is a debut on three counts—my first picture book, Keith's first book ever, and Cinco Puntos first title focusing on African American history.
It's my hope that it's the first in a long line of good books for all of us!
A. LaFaye recommends The National Museum of African American History and Culture. Peek: "…the National Museum of African American History and Culture should be a place of meaning, of memory, of reflection, of laughter, and of hope. It should be a beacon that reminds us of what we were; what challenges we still face; and point us towards what we can become."
Tagged new_voice_2011
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2 thoughts on "New Voice: A. LaFaye on Walking Home to Rosie Lee"
Janet Lee Carey says:
I really enjoyed this interview! Bravo for fighting for this untold story! I hope Walking Home to Rosie Lee spreads like wildfire!
Janet Lee Carey
Cynthia Leitich Smith says:
Thank you, Janet! Cheers to A. LaFaye & Lee at Cinco Puntos!