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BFI Working Paper • Jan 8, 2019
The Rise of the Dollar and Fall of the Euro as International Currencies
Matteo Maggiori, Brent Neiman, Jesse Schreger
The modern notion of an international currency involves use in areas of international finance and trade that extend well beyond central banks' coffers. In addition to their important roles as foreign exchange reserves, international currencies are most frequently used to denominate corporate and government bonds, bank loans, and import and export invoices. These currencies offer unrivaled liquidity, constituting large shares of the volume on global foreign exchange markets, and are commonly chosen as the anchors targeted by countries with pegged or managed exchange rate regimes.
From its launch in 1999, the euro's global use steadily grew and, by the mid 2000s, it had cemented its status – together with the dollar – as a key international currency. Maggiori, Neiman, and Schreger (2018), however, demonstrate a surge in the use of the dollar and collapse in the use of the euro to denominate internationally traded corporate and sovereign bonds starting roughly around the time of the global financial crisis. In this article, we provide evidence suggesting that this rise of the dollar and fall of the euro might be more pervasive, with similar patterns manifesting across most aspects of international currency use.
What forces are driving this shift? One factor may be the instability of the euro zone, made apparent by the recent turmoil in its sovereign debt markets. The early 2010s ushered in with a renewed fervor discussions of possible euro-zone exits and widespread uncertainty about what any such exit would entail. Borrowers and lenders alike might, on the margin, prefer to avoid a currency the value of which – and, even, the mere existence of which – might be in question during the next crisis. Another factor may be the sharp appreciation of the dollar (relative to the euro, as well as relative to most other currencies) and maintained liquidity of trade in dollar assets during the peak of the crisis. Dollar-denominated assets performed well precisely when such performance was most highly valued, a key feature of an international currency, as discussed in Gourinchas et al. (2011) and Maggiori (2017). Global investors, having learned from the recent crisis that the dollar but not the euro provides safety, may have shifted their expectations and are more heavily coordinating on the dollar as the only safe currency, a dynamic modeled by Farhi and Maggiori (2018) and He et al.(2019).
The strengthening of the dollar's position at the center of the global financial and trading system may carry important benefits for the US. The disproportionate global use of the dollar suggests that the US continues to enjoy an "exorbitant privilege," borrowing at lower costs than it otherwise would. As demonstrated in Maggiori et al. (2018), US corporations appear uniquely able to borrow from foreigners even without issuing foreign currency bonds. The dollar's use in trade invoicing leaves US importers and exporters less exposed to exchange rate risk. And, as articulated in Farhi and Maggiori (2018), global welfare may be higher given the existence of and coordination around a single "safe-haven" currency.
Further dollar dominance does, however, present some risks for the global economy. Unexpected changes in the value of the dollar can rapidly redistribute wealth across global borrowers and lenders, as discussed in Bruno and Shin (2015). The increased use of the dollar for borrowing makes non-US corporates more vulnerable to an unexpected dollar appreciation, and as noted in Casas et al.(2016), the increased use of the dollar for trade invoicing means that such an appreciation might exacerbate home bias and dampen the scale of global trade. Finally, the euro's declining role as an international currency, to the extent that it brings costs for the euro zone countries, comes at a difficult time for the Eurozone with several member countries saddled with high debt loads and unemployment rates still at elevated levels.
Any marketplace where buyers and sellers participate in the trade of assets such as equities, bonds, currencies, derivatives, and commodities
Fiscal Studies
Assesses the costs and benefits of fiscal policy, which is the application of government spending and tax policies to influence the economy
International Economics Initiative
Brent Neiman
Professor Brent Neiman Wins 2020 Award for Economics in Central Banking
BFI Working Paper • Dec 18, 2020
Redrawing the Map of Global Capital Flows: The Role of Cross-Border Financing and Tax Havens
Antonio Coppola, Matteo Maggiori, Brent Neiman, Jesse Schreger
Topics: Financial Markets
BFI Working Paper • Oct 16, 2019
Tariff Passthrough at the Border and at the Store: Evidence from US Trade Policy
Alberto Cavallo, Gita Gopinath, Brent Neiman, Jenny Tang
BFI Working Paper • May 8, 2018
International Currencies and Capital Allocation
Brent Neiman, Jesse Schreger, Matteo Maggiori
Topics: Economic Mobility & Poverty, Financial Markets


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Clark Little opens photo gallery in Haleiwa
February 24, 2011 | Surfing
The Clark Little Gallery Haleiwa will open its doors on the 26th February, in Hawaii.
The surf photographer has a rare talent for capturing some of nature's most beautiful moments, often risking his safety in the process.
The elegant 1,000–square foot gallery, designed by Hawaii fashionista Deb Mascia (Mu'umu'u Heaven), is situated in the center of Haleiwa town, just minutes away from the beaches where Clark captures most of his powerful images.
On exhibit are a wide variety of open and limited editions, comprised of underwater seascapes, turtles in the surf and Little's signature shorebreak waves on mediums including glossy prints, giclee canvas, plexiglass, and aluminum.
These presentations showcase the breathtaking photographs' naturally brilliant and impressive colors.
Not to be missed are three photographs recently honored by the prestigious Windland Smith Rice International Awards, one of which garnered the 2010 Oceans Photography Award.
Clark was also one of six photographers from around the world awarded the distinction of Highly Honored Photographer of Endangered Species for his photography of the endangered Hawaiian green sea turtles.
These winning images can be viewed at the gallery before they are exhibited at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History in Washington, DC from mid-April to September, 2011.
Clark Little was born in Napa, California in 1968.
Two years later, a move to the North Shore of Oahu, Hawaii dramatically changed his future.
Clark has gained national and international recognition for his shorebreak wave photography with appearances on national television shows and in many publications including National Geographic, Nikon World, Paris Match, La Vie, Sierra, Geo, Nature's Best Photography, PhotoLife, Rangefinder, Stern-View, Surfer's Journal, Surfer Magazine, Surfer's Path, Hana Hou (Hawaiian Airlines) among others.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


UPDATE: Winner has been selected but please read this touching interview anyway.
Today I have with me Dorothy Love. She is the author of the Hickory Ridge series, historical novels set in the beautiful Smoky Mountains region of her native Tennessee. Her well-researched, heartwarming stories of small town Southern life, faith, friends, and family reflect the emotions, concerns, and values of women everywhere.
Dorothy has offered to give away two books to a fortunate winner: Beyond All Measure and Beauty For Ashes. Please leave a comment below with your email address. We need at least ten comments to make a contest. Winner must live in the Continental United States.
Tell us a little about yourself. I grew up in Tennessee until high school when my family moved to Ohio for three years. After that we moved to Texas where I have spent most of my adult life. I was raised in a tiny Presbyterian church where my dad built and installed a steeple. I have a picture of it on my website photo album. I have fond memories of Sunday school and Vacation Bible School there. I have three brothers and one sister. The brother closest to me in age passed away earlier this month after a short battle with cancer. It has definitely left a huge tear in the fabric of our family.
I've been a full time author since 1995. I first published novels for preteens and young adults in the general market. About three years ago I moved to Thomas Nelson to write historical novels for adults. Since then, I've completed the three novels in the Hickory Ridge series, the last of which, EVERY PERFECT GIFT, will be out late this fall.
Now I am working on the first of three stand alone historicals, also for Nelson. The first will be out late in 2013.
I am so sorry for your loss. I know your pain. It sounds like you have had a fulfilling writing career. Tell us three things about you that would surprise your readers.
On a dare, I once sang in a rock and roll band. And I enjoyed it. I'm such an introvert that this was a real challenge for me. But I think it's important now and then to step outside the comfort zone and do something that scares you.
My husband and I once spent 17 days in New Zealand, part of it hiking the trails. I love it there, the people, the magnificent scenery, everything. I was sad to learn that the cathedral in Christchurch, where we worshipped on Christmas Eve, was so heavily damaged by last year's earthquake that it must be torn down. I would love to go back there someday.
I'm not a good swimmer at all, but my favorite hangout is the beach. Give me surf, sand, and sunshine and I am a happy girl.
I am a beach lover too! I don't really like the sun because I burn and because my dad died from skin cancer. But I do love the waves! Were you an avid reader as a child? What did you read?
Oh yes, I was and still am an avid reader. I used to read ten books a week when I was in elementary school, and pretty much exhausted the librarian's modest collection. We had a county library where I checked out books every Saturday. As a child I loved biographies and Lois Lenski's books such as Strawberry Girl and Flip Flop Girl. My dad encouraged my passion for books and bought The Bobbsey twins series for me, and when I was very young, the latest Little Golden Book. As a teenager I read all of Anne Emery's books, all of Rosamond du Jardin, all of Betty Cavanna. I read a lot of books about young women in certain careers. One that I remember is Cherry Ames, Student Nurse. Looking back on them now, those books were so innocent. Today's teen girls don't have books like those. I know times change, but it's sad there are not more of those wholesome stories available for impressionable girls.
I totally agree with you that there is not nearly enough wholesome material for our teens today. What is your favorite genre to read now?
I live and breathe history—I write historicals and that's what I love to read. But I also read a lot of literary fiction across all time periods, and quite a bit of nonfiction.
After my third grade teacher praised a story I wrote for school, being an author was all I dreamed about. But I took the practical route in college, got a BS, a Masters and a PhD in various branches of the education field. I worked as a public school principal and a college professor before I began devoting fulltime to writing in the mid 1990's.
While I was principal, I had a bit of success writing nonfiction magazine pieces, but I really wanted to write novels. In the early 1990's we learned that my husband would have to change companies due to office closures, and we moved to a small town in Iowa where I taught at the local college, and worked as a state level consultant, and started devoting more time to writing fiction. When I sold my first book in 1994, I left consulting to focus full time on writing. I published a book a year for the next 14 years or so, then switched to writing inspirational fiction for adults about 3 years ago.
I collected rejections for about 5 years before writing my first historical for preteens, based on actual events along the Oregon trail. The first editor who read it bought it, and launched my career.
I've lost count, but I think it's around 16 or 17.
You are such an inspiration! Tell us about your latest book.
Beauty For Ashes is the second in the Hickory Ridge series which is set in the gorgeous Appalachian mountains region of my home state of Tennessee. It's part romance, part mystery, a weaving together of the historical and the personal that I hope readers will enjoy. Carrie Daly, the main character is one readers of the first book, Beyond All Measure, will remember as one of Ada's friends from the church quilting circle. Carrie has agreed to marry Nate Chastain, the local bookstore owner…someday. Even though he doesn't make her heart beat faster. Then a tall, dark, and handsome stranger steps off the train in Hickory Ridge and everything in Carrie's life changes.
I love this storyline! What inspired you to write this particular book?
In the first book, Carrie was still in mourning for her young husband who had been killed at Shiloh. She was sure her life was over. I wanted her to be happy, so I gave her a story of her own. Not that she escapes tragedy, even in this book. But God's provisions and His love come shining through.
A stand alone historical for Thomas Nelson set in the South Carolina low country. I am a Southern girl, born and bred, and all of my stories are set in the South. This one is inspired by the life of an actual woman rice planter who took over her family's plantation after the death of her father. I've hired a guide to take me to that plantation in early June so I can stand there and breathe the same air she breathed…I cannot wait!!
I read a lot of history and a lot of biography. Many of my stories and characters come to me that way.
Phone books from the area where the stories are set are good resources for me. The Bible, because my stories are set in the 19th century, when many women were named for Biblical characters is another one.
The phonebook is a great resource! Are you a plotter, a pantster, or somewhere in between, and can you elaborate on your answer?
I begin with a 3-5 page outline which gives me the major turning points of the story and I usually have in mind the final scene in the book, but I'm a pantser in the sense that as the story unfolds, I find myself making changes, taking detours I didn't see coming. Being surprised by the story is the joy of that first draft.
That is exactly how I write! I love when my characters do unexpected things. What are your favorite themes to write about?
Even though my stories take place in another time, the broad themes and my characters' concerns are the ones that resonate with modern day readers—family, faith, friends. Forgiveness. Restoration. Redemption. Regardless of time period, we want love and acceptance. We want to grow in our faith. We question our own choices, we question God. We make mistakes and grow from them. Or we keep on making the same mistakes. Life is wondrous and messy, incredibly joyous and unbearably sad, and all of that gets mixed into my stories.
I have a messy office on the second floor of my house, which is currently getting ready for a re-do and I can't wait. I write 4 days a week from roughly 8 to 5. Mondays are reserved for errands and appointments. I get all that stuff cleared away first because it's hard for me to write when I have other obligations hanging fire. In between, I have to make time to show up on Facebook, to blog twice a week. Right now I'm getting ready to launch my quarterly newsletter. It's an intense schedule.
I look forward to reading your newsletter. Share something about your day-to-day life that might help a reader to feel as though they know you a little better.
I get up at 5 am every day and make breakfast. Feed and walk our two golden retrievers. Read the papers. I am the one who sweeps up dog hair, takes dogs to the vet, pays the bills and makes our travel arrangements. I handle the grocery shopping and all the housework. It's all very glamorous. I call my mom every other day. I love watching Masterpiece theater on PBS and am now awaiting the next season of Downton Abbey. I am interested to see how Shirley Maclaine will fit into this cast.
I am the one who does those things around the house and I, too, am hooked on Downtown Abbey. What would you be doing if you weren't writing?
Lying on the beach. And I'd become a jewelry maker. I've toyed with the idea of taking some classes but right now my writing career keeps me too busy. I will always need something as a creative outlet.
A number of them for my preteen and YA books. My first novel for this market came out only last year, and I haven't entered many competitions. I try to write the best book I can, and if it wins an award, I'm thrilled. But I don't spend time worrying about something I cannot control.
Left my job to pursue writing full time.
Again, you inspire many! What is the most embarrassing thing that's happened to you?
I would tell you but it's too embarrassing.
Too funny! What was your greatest fear as a child and have you written something like that into your book(s)?
I was very close to my parents and I feared getting lost, missing the school bus and not being able to get home. I am still a big chicken when it comes to driving in an unfamiliar part of town or even worse, a strange city. I have a terrible sense of direction and I have learned that the GPS can't be 100 % trusted. Coming back from Houston recently on the interstate, it kept telling me to turn left on Ashford Dairy Road. I haven't yet written this phobia into a book. Maybe I will someday.
My biggest fear was (and is) snakes. If you could have dinner with someone famous (dead or alive) who would it be?
In addition to our Lord of course, I'd love to have dinner with General Robert E Lee. He is one of my all time heroes.
If you could travel to anywhere in the world, where would you go and why?
I've been lucky enough to travel to some pretty exotic places—New Zealand, Panama, Tahiti, Hawaii, Bermuda (anyplace with a great beach is very appealing!) but I still want to spend a month in Italy. I'm fascinated by the art and history of Italy, by their pace of life in the small villages outside Florence. And I've always wanted to go on a photographic safari to Africa.
If you go to Italy, can I go in your suitcase? It's my dream to go there. What is your number one spiritual gift?
Is there anything else you'd like to tell us? Maybe a writing tip or advice for aspiring authors?
When I started out, the conventional advice to writers was to write what you know. But I think that limits a writer too much. I'd say write what you want to know, what you are passionate about. I live and breathe Southern history. I love the research involved in bringing my stories and characters to life. Find what you are passionate about and write about that. At my website, www.DorothyLoveBooks.com, I maintain a blog for writers called Writers Caffeine that is filled with tips on writing. I hope people find it useful.
Write what you WANT to know. I like that! Where can fans find you or your books on the internet?
My books are available online and in stores. I'm on the web at www.DorothyLoveBooks.com and at www.Facebook.com/dorothylovebooks.
Thank you for being with us today! I enjoyed this interview so much.
Don't forget to comment below for a chance to win TWO books!
Coming Fall 2012. Sophie Robillard Caldwell has spent a lifetime guarding her heart…. and a life changing secret. Hoping to follow in the footsteps of the newspaperwomen she has come to admire, she returns to Hickory Ridge from Texas to revive the local paper, the Gazette. Ethan Heyward, son of a Georgia planter has come to town to build and manage Blue Smoke, a luxury resort soon to open at the top of Hickory Ridge. He, too, is harboring a secret too painful to share with anyone…even Sophie.
Meet Gail Gaymer Martin! Plus comment for a GIVEAWAY!
I would like to be a fortunate winner! Historical Fiction is my favorite. I appreciate the research the authors do to place their characters within the time period and events/happenings.
Dorothy, I am sorry to hear of your brother's passing. My son died of a heart attack June 3 last year. Remembering our love for each other and the Lord has upheld me in comfort.
"Phone books from the area where the stories are set are good resources for me." What a neat idea! Also, please sign me up for your newsletter.
Kathleen, I'm sending you condolences on the loss of your son. So hard to lose a child. I'll add your name to the newsletter list. The next one will go out August 1st.
Kathleen, I knew you'd love this interview!
Yes! Oh, Sherri, you make me smile!! My birthday is May 30th, the real Memorial Day. This year it is on my oldest daughter's birthday, the 28th. Guess I will share it with her! ha ha Have a blessed and enjoyable weekend with family and friends. ❤ k.
Well, happy birthday and happy Memorial Day to you!
Thank you for the opportunity to win Dorothy's books! I haven't been blessed to read one yet. Since I am a reviewer, I need AND want to for sure!
I can't wait for the SC plantation book, as I reside in in SC. Anything about plantations in the south, and I'm there! Also wanted to mention that the cover is so gorgeous on Every Perfect Gift! WOW! Who could resist that on the bookstore shelf?
Diana, I'm so glad you stopped by here. I'm a third of the way through writing the SC book and loving it so much! I am also contracted to write a book set on Pawley's Island, but there will be a Texas-set novel in between…Looking forward to spending more time in your beautiful state. I love the line on your SC auto license plates: Smiling Faces, Beautiful Places…..So true!!
Diana, thank you for stopping by the blog today!
Diana, you won Dorothy's book!! I don't have your email so I'm going to try to find you. Leave it for me here just in case.
I would love to win Dorothy's books.
I am just now starting Beauty For Ashes . I am loving it so far! 🙂 I would love to give a copy of Beyond Measure to my niece! I'd also love to read Beyond All Measure!
Thank you for takng the time to read the interview!
Mippy, thanks so much for your kind words about Beauty For Ashes. I loved writing Carrie's story. And thanks for stopping by here.
I do too! I love Southern fiction!
I have enjoyed reading this interview. Whereas I was born and reared in Ohio, I have many relatives in the South, and have lived in North Carolina and Florida. I too have lost a wonderful brother to cancer, and also my sister to heart attack.
I really like reading historical fiction. When I was in high school, I read all of the Lincoln Steffens books on the Civil War. I taught English and French for 34 years before retiring. Now I read most of the time!
Of course I would love to win your books, and continue reading more historical fiction.
Hi Kaye, I taught English, too, once upon a time. I loved it, but love writing novels even more. I am so sorry to hear you've lost two precious people in your life. It's so hard, isn't it?
What an extensive interview! Thank you for sharing with us. I also, love historical fiction. Even as I young child, I would read all the stories about historical characters.
I'm so glad you enjoyed the interview!
I love that your books talk about how God's love and provision come through for the characters in your book. I think it is also neat that you were able to step out and go full time writing. I think my family would think I'd be nuts!
Debra, thanks for stopping by. Good luck!!
Keren, You have been such a faithful friend on FB, such an encourager. I appreciate you sooo much. Good luck!!
This is a great interview, sorry for your loss Dorothy, I hate to think of the time when my brothers or sisters will go as I know they will one day, oldest is 81 now and I have 4 sisters and 3 brothers -I love to read your books and would love to be in the drawing.
Paula! So happy to see you here. thanks for your kind words. Loss is never easy, but I have felt surrounded by God's love and peace, and I am thankful that my sweet brother's suffering was short. He lived only 45 days after learning he had cancer.
EVERY PERFECT GIFT is dedicated to him.
Dear Dorothy and Sherri, I just wanted to say I'm so sorry for both of your loses! Cancer is a horrible thing! My sister and I took care of my Dad when he was dying of cancer, it was horrible. He passed away in Dec. 2004.
Your books sound and look amazing!
Jenny, I'm sorry for your loss, as well. Yes, watching Dad pass from cancer in 2002 was not one of the highlights of my life, that's for sure. Such a growing time!
Thank you so much, Jennifer. And thanks for stopping by here today.
What a great interview…love all the fun details and getting to know authors better. The book sounds amazing and I love to find new authors and series to get wrapped up in! I pray for you in this time of loss.
Brenda, Samantha, Karen, I love that you came by today. Thanks for all your kind words. I have the best readers in the world, and I'm so thankful for the joy each of you brings to my life.
I would love to win this book! I enjoy reading historical fiction. It seems to be all that I read!
Touching and wonderful interview. Love reading Historical Fiction. Would love the chance to win Dorothy's books.
I am so glad the interview touched you. Dorothy is a lovely woman of God!
Loved the interview – especially the telling of how you pick character names! My prayers are with you, Dorothy, about your brother. I know a bunch of kids in the peds oncology ward at Johns Hopkins, and know several who have died in the last 2 years.
I'm with you on the driving and directions stuff – learning the "art" of driving in Baltimore and having to drive around the outskirts of DC has taught me many things!
I literally just started reading Beyond All Measure (it is right next to my pillow!) and can't wait to get my hands on more of your books. Thanks, Dorothy and Sherri!
Thank you for joining us on the blog today!
Thank you both for sharing with us. It is very difficult to loose a loved one. My husband succumbed to cancer in 2009 after 12 years of treatments for an entirely different cancer. His loss, after 56 years of marriage, has helped me realize we must always express our love each day of our lives, for tomorrow may never come.
I also love historical characters and I so enjoyed the North and South series. I would love to be a winner of one of Dorothy's books. She is an amazing person and I hope some day to meet her. May God continue to bless you and give you much for insight for more stories. Thank you.
I am so sorry for your loss, Mary! I lost my brother-in-law in April 2011 and my dad in Jan 2002 to cancer. It's such a hard thing! God bless you!
Mary, Beth, Amanda, thanks for your kind words and for stopping by.
Wonderful review! I love learning new things about authors whose work I have so enjoyed! I haven't read Beyond All Measure, but haven't read Beauty for Ashes. I would love to be entered in the drawing!
Thank you for visitng with us today! I'm glad you liked the interview!
I love your books and would be so very excited and thankful if I were picked to win this one!
Dorothy, first of all I am so sorry about your brother's death due to cancer. I lost a husband to brain cancer 9 years ago. It is a horrible disease.
I really enjoyed this interview with Dorothy. We have a few things in common. I too get up at 5 a.m. and I too hate snakes! I have always been and I still am an avid reader.
Every Perfect Gift has a beautiful cover! Very appealing!
Thanks for this great interview and giveaway!
Judy, thank you so much. I'm so excited about Every Perfect Gift, and hope my readers will enjoy the final Hickory Ridge novel.
I would love to win. I love historical fiction, and this series looks great.
Lovely interview. Sorry for the loss of your brother. I lost one of my brothers at the age of 44. He died suddenly of lung cancer. Our father died twenty years to the day of the same cancer. My brother's twin really misses him because they did everything together.
The books look very interesting. Will put on my wish list but hope to win.
I am super excited to read this series! My reading time has been cut down so much with school, work and husband 😦 My reading time is usually 1 or 2am, the quiet time of the night for me (sleeping is overrated).
Fun interview. Let me say that the cover of the book first caught my eye. Love it! Thanks Sherri for letting us get to know the author behind the cover. Thanks for the fun and informative interview and for a chance to win one of Dorothy's books!! Thanks for putting my name in the hat.
It was such a fun interview. I'm so glad you enjoyed it.
I would so very much like to win this lovely book giveaway. Thank you for the opportunity and I am saddened by the sorrow in your heart right now.
I enjoyed your interview and would love to win this book. I pray God will help you with the loss of your brother. Thank you so much for the chance to win!!
Great interview and thanks for the great giveaway!
i haven't read yur books yet . i would like to win a book so i can read it .. i live in the southern part of tn… It is called Loretto tn. i think i would like to read Beauty for the Ashes.


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ICWP honors MeltingPot KC -- and MDC
The International Centre for Women Playwrights has bestowed a 2014 50/50 Applause Award upon MeltingPot KC for having "successfully produced female playwrights in at least 50% of their 2013-14 season."
In fact, MeltingPot produced an entire season of women playwrights, all based in Kansas City, including world premieres by two MDC writers: Vicki Vodrey's The Frowning Vajayjays of Shady Pines kicked off the season last spring to positive press. Then, August--which was technically beyond the parameters of ICWP's 2014 award, but not MeltingPot's ongoing commitment to local playwrights--saw the impressive debut of Echoes of Octavia, by Michelle T. Johnson (who also happens to sit on the board of the ICWP).
Congratulations to Vicki and Michelle -- and to MeltingPot KC! You can see the company's gracious acknowledgement of the honor at the 7:25 mark in this "celebration video" released by the ICWP


What Would You Take from The Burning House?
Joy Sullivan, poet, teacher and Pages Artist-in-Residence shared "The Story We Tell With Our Stuff" on the Pages blog.
The On Being post features The Burning House, a project where people submit photos of what they would take with them if their house was burning down. This inspired me to do the same. Of course, I am too wordy to just list things, so there is a description, too.
Three journals starting in May, 2014 to present. I journal almost every day after my youngest goes to bed. The journals capture all of my "beautiful moments," in addition to every dark one, too. They help me see how I have grown.
Three quote books starting in June, 2011 to present. These are my most prized possessions. Every book I read is dog-eared and, if it is mine, underlined and annotated. After I finish a book, I write all of the beautiful, insightful and connecting sentiments I found. It is a meditative practice to write and reflect upon the words of those whom I admire.
A charm bracelet my grandma starting building for me in 1992. The first charm I received was a poodle originally owned by one of the Rockettes when I was ten. My grandma passed away in October of 2014, and a month before she died, she attached a final charm to the bracelet.
Here is my four-year-olds Burning House project photo, too.
So, what do these objects say about us?
I am a gatherer and curator of words, thoughts, ideas and reflections.
My son is practical, likes to see things through, and has a sentimental streak.
I have to say, these are pretty accurate statements to who we are.
Like many, I have a complicated relationship with objects and possessions, but I can't deny that the things we cherish most tell a story about our identity. It is interesting to explore that story.
What would you take with you if your house was burning and why? Feel free to share in the comments section or send me an email from the "Contact" tab.


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Clet Abraham's Guerrilla Street Art
Guerrilla Street Art first emerged in the United Kingdom, but has since spread across the world and is now established in most countries that have developed graffiti scenes. This method of art making involves leaving anonymous art pieces in public spaces. Most guerrilla street artists want to shake things up, force you to take a second look and change your preconceptions about your everyday surroundings.
Artist Clet Abraham has been subtly transforming street signs into Guerrilla Street Art over the past few years. With a keen sense of humor and the simple use of temporary vinyl transfers, he has added a juxtaposition to the timeless Renaissance art in Florence. It's unknown how many renditions he has made, but from the looks of Clet's Facebook page, it's apparent that a simple road sign has limitless possibilities. Clet has broadened his horizons since his debut in Italy, and his artwork can now be seen throughout Europe! Take a look at a few of our favourites below.
Clet's Guerrilla Street Art has been exhibited in different galleries around Italy, as well as commissioned by many prestigious institutions. Most of his art pieces are based off of authority, obedience, religion, justice, laws, and rules.
Got a question for us? Feel free to call our office at 604.876.0073 or send us an email to info@whiteboxdesign.com.


My tank is in need for some new shells. Not only do my crabs need a couple bigger shells, I'm also thinking of getting one or two more crabs. So right now, I have 12 shells (15 counting the ones my crabs are wearing.) and I'm thinking about getting 10 more. I'm looking for some nice looking shells that PPs like. Any suggestions on websites where I can get them for a reasonable price?
lover of saxophone, guitar, soccer, and of course hermit crabs!
Re: Good places to get shells?
Check out the link on the left. Shopping resources. It will have several suggestions. I just purchased shells from Naples Shell Company.
Which place do you guys recommend for unexpensive, but good quality shells that I can purchase in bulk?
I get my shells from Naples Sea Shell Company. I normally just order the assorted small turbos and the assorted large turbos because I have crabs from tiny to large, so they always fit at least one crab lol.
I didn't buy any (which I am still kicking myself for, ugh), but I found some great shells at those beach shops. They had the awful painted ones, but they also had green turbos, tapestry turbos, silver turbos, whale eye, and a lot more. Pretty reasonable prices too - I think the big tapestry turbos were only about $1.50.
Loving owner of two hermit crabs and two dogs! Call me Moon, Icy, Kermit, or anything you'd like! sheldon_and_peanut (hermit crabs) and sisterchins (dogs) on Instagram.
Deltonaseashells.com is from the list provided from the HCA I think it's was formally Richards Seashells or vice versa. I've ordered from then twice with excellent customer service and I've ordered from Naples as well which was equally as nice. Just have to check out what they have in stock according to size and type. I've gotten lucky on amazon and I get them in two days with prime shipping for example I got these beauts today. I searched "turbo shells" and the description will tell ya the size and opening size. Good luck I love shell shopping.
I would definitely recommend getting a caliper to measure your crabs shells before buying though! I spent a lot of money on shells that ended up being the wrong size awhile back. Gotta learn the hard way I guess!


text:
Resource Re Ltd., first Multi-Strat Re reinsurer, raising capital
30th September 2013 - Author: Artemis
Resource Re Ltd., the first reinsurer to join the Multi-Strat Re Ltd. Bermuda based reinsurance venture that seeks to enable asset managers, such as hedge fund managers, to enter the reinsurance market with less friction, is now actively raising capital.
Capital for Resource Re is being raised through its parent company Resource Holdings Ltd., according to a report on hedge fund website Opalesque. Both firms are Bermuda domiciled, having been registered in 2012, with Resource Re being a Class 3A insurer licensed by the Bermuda Monetary Authority.
Resource Holdings is offering shares to potential investors, who must be accredited, with a minimum offering size of $1m per subscription. The capital it raises will be used as underwriting capacity within the Multi-Strat Re model, with the premium float being returned to Resource Re and Resource Holdings to invest in a similar fashion to other hedge fund backed reinsurers.
The Multi-Strat Re model aims to make it much simpler for small to medium sized investors and asset managers to enter the reinsurance market, use their capital to underwrite business while generating profits by investing the premium or float within their investment strategies. The underwriting is centralised with Multi-Strat Re itself while the premiums will be shared between the participating reinsurers, of which Resource Re Ltd. is the first.
The asset manager behind Resource Re and Resource Holdings is Bill Lupien, a well known equity hedge fund investor, and his Kudu Partners LP fund. Kudu Partners, a hedge fund Lupien has managed since 2005, follows an investment strategy focused on opportunistic equity investments in mining stocks, according to Opalesque.
The Multi-Strat Re model, which allows investors like Lupien to benefit from the premium flows in reinsurance business while the Multi-Strat centralised underwriting model handles the allocation of capital to risk, could prove extremely popular with smaller hedge fund managers looking to emulate the likes of Greenlight Re. Participating in Multi-Strat Re could give Lupien access to different types of investors who may not have been able to access his normal hedge fund strategy.
Joe Taussig, CEO of Multi-Strat Holdings, Multi-Strat Re's parent, commented; "I am thrilled to have Bill Lupien as our first sponsor. He hired me in my first civilian job when I graduated from the Harvard Business School and I was part of his team at Instinet. He is one of the three smartest people that I have ever worked with for more than a span of 10 years and I would trust him with my life."
The future for Resource Holdings and Resource Re could include a listing as a way to encourage further capital into the vehicle and reinsurer. Taussig said; "We have spoken to several investment banks about listing Resource Holdings in Canada, the U.S., or the UK in 2014 and their initial reaction is very positive, provided that the capital markets are receptive and the company performs in the meantime."
Resource Holdings offers investors a unique way to get involved in the investment strategy of Bill Lupien, while also benefitting from premium income of the reinsurance business sourced through Resource Re and Multi-Strat Re that its capital is allocated. That's a very unique investment proposition in the financial market.
Register today for ILS NYC 2023, our next insurance-linked securities (ILS) market conference. Held in New York City, February 10th, 2023.
Get a ticket soon to ensure you can attend. Secure your place at the event here!
Tagged as: Collateralized reinsurance, hedge fund, hedge fund reinsurer, Multi-Strat Re, reinsurance, Reinsurance linked investment, Resource Holdings, Resource Re Ltd.
« Older article UK City regulator to speak out on ILS and catastrophe bond risks: FT
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text:
'Trust but Verify' Means 'I Don't Trust You'
⇑ back to "Marketplace"
Christian Entrepreneur Says You Must Lean on Holy Spirit to Help Master Your Money
11:00AM EST 12/8/2020	 Shawn A. Akers
Dr. Nathan Culver (Nathan Culver Facebook page)
As an entrepreneur and financial consultant to many executive leaders and corporations, Nathan Culver say God must always be in charge of his actions. If the Holy Spirit isn't leading him every minute of every business day, then Culver knows there's a chance he could lead people in the wrong direction.
That would not only be disastrous for him, but also for the people he's advising. As an author and a podcaster, host of Mastery Talks with Dr. Nathan Culver, he must lean on God to show him the way to help empower other Christian professionals to be effective in their calling.
"There is always a challenge of character and a challenge of how well we represent God within the marketplace," Culver told Dr. Steve Greene on a recent episode of Greenelines on the Charisma Podcast Network. "It's about ambition and competition. In our business, I recognize that those were two hot buttons for me.
"And sometimes, our ambition can drive us, and we think it's the Holy Spirit," Culver said. "That's why it's so important to make sure that you are hearing from God in relation to any initiative or venture you start to go into. If not, ambition could be driving you, and your ambition will have to supply.
"But when Dad (God) is driving, He is obligated to supply and to grow, to help you grow and develop your business," Culver said. "When you're a person who's multi-gifted and talented and has a number of abilities, opportunities will come in abundance. The question is not whether you have the opportunities, but what opportunity is God's to handle. That can be a challenge to discern that. It's not always in how much money you want to make, but is God providing that opportunity in which you can thrive? So you have to be mindful of ambition and competitiveness."
For more about how you can thrive in mastering your money, listen to the rest of this podcast. And, tune into Mastery Talks with Nathan Culver on the Charisma Podcast Network.
Related topics: Faith | Holy Spirit | Interview | Money | Podcast


text:
<?php

namespace Tests\Symfonian\Indonesia\AdminBundle\Extractor;

use Doctrine\Common\Annotations\AnnotationReader;
use Symfonian\Indonesia\AdminBundle\Annotation\Page;
use Symfonian\Indonesia\AdminBundle\Annotation\Plugins;
use Symfonian\Indonesia\AdminBundle\Annotation\Util\Upload;
use Symfonian\Indonesia\AdminBundle\Contract\ConfigurationInterface;
use Symfonian\Indonesia\AdminBundle\Extractor\ClassExtractor;

/**
 * @author Muhammad Surya Ihsanuddin <surya.kejawen@gmail.com>
 */
class ClassExtractorTest extends \PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase
{
    /**
     * @var ClassExtractor
     */
    private $extractor;

    public function setUp()
    {
        $this->extractor = new ClassExtractor(new AnnotationReader());
    }

    public function testAnnotation()
    {
        $annotations = $this->extractor->extract(new \ReflectionClass(Stub::class));
        $this->assertTrue(is_array($annotations));
        $this->assertContainsOnlyInstancesOf(ConfigurationInterface::class, $annotations);
        $this->assertEquals(3, count($annotations));

        foreach ($annotations as $annotation) {
            if ($annotation instanceof Page) {
                $this->assertEquals('title', $annotation->getTitle());
                $this->assertEquals('description', $annotation->getDescription());
            }

            if ($annotation instanceof Plugins) {
                $this->assertTrue($annotation->isUseFileChooser());
            }

            if ($annotation instanceof Upload) {
                $this->assertEquals('file', $annotation->getUploadable());
            }
        }
    }

    public function tearDown()
    {
        unset($this->extractor);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Home / News / Riley Barber named AHL Player of the Month for January
Riley Barber named AHL Player of the Month for January
By Rachel Cohen
February 1, 2019	3:10 pm
Capitals prospect Riley Barber was named the AHL Player of the Month for January.
The 24-year-old forward scored seven goals and tallied 14 points in 10 January games, leading all Bears players.
For your viewing pleasure, here's a look at some of @rileybarber94's best moments in January! pic.twitter.com/zvulgns1Rl
— Hershey Bears (@TheHersheyBears) February 1, 2019
According to the Bears, Barber had two game-winning goals and five multi-point games in the month. The 2012 sixth-round pick had points in eight of Hershey's 10 games over the month. The Bears are currently on a seven-game point streak (6-0-0-1). The point streak has pulled the Bears over .500 and into sixth place in the division.
NEWS: Forward Riley Barber (@rileybarber94) has been named the @CCMHockey /@TheAHL Player of the Month for January. He had 14 points (seven goals, seven assists) in 10 games over the month. #HBHhttps://t.co/5aj62OYv3b pic.twitter.com/TwspZ510JM
Barber is the first Bears player to earn the honor since Christian Djoos in March 2017.
More from the Bears:
(Hershey, PA-February 1, 2019)-The American Hockey League announced today that Hershey Bears forward Riley Barber has been named the CCM/AHL Player of the Month for January.
Barber began the month by scoring a pair of goals and adding an assist in the Bears' 6-4 win over Grand Rapids on Jan. 5. He scored two more goals in a 3-0 win at Lehigh Valley on Jan. 12, and extended his scoring streak to five games by recording two assists in a 5-4 win over the Phantoms the next night. Barber tallied a goal and an assist to help Hershey to a 5-3 win at Wilkes-Barre/Scranton on Jan. 19 and duplicated that effort in a 4-1 victory at Bridgeport on Jan. 21. Barber closed out the month with a goal in the Bears' 4-2 win over Laval on Jan. 26.
The Pittsburgh native is tied for the team lead with 38 points this season (18 goals, 20 assists), as well as power play goals (nine). He is tied for the AHL lead in power play points with 22.The alternate captain has played 211 career games with Hershey, scoring 158 points (77 goals, 81 assists).
Barber was a sixth round selection of the Washington Capitals in the 2012 NHL Draft and appeared in three games with the Capitals in 2016-17. He was previously named the CCM/AHL Rookie of the Month in February 2016. He will be presented with an etched crystal award prior to an upcoming home game in recognition of his achievement.
AHL Player of the Month, Riley Barber


Our school is currently undertaking a review of this policy to meet the new requirements for SEND in line with the new SEND Code of Practice effective from May 2015. To provide an improved, compliant policy we are committed to co-producing our policy with families, children and young people.
This document is intended to give you information regarding the ways in which we ensure we support all of our pupils including those with SEN and disabilities, in order that they can reach their full potential. It may not list every skill, resource and technique we employ in order to achieve this, as these are continually developed and used to modify our provision to meet the changing requirements for individual children.
Children are identified as having SEN when their progress has slowed or stopped and the interventions and resources put in place do not enable improvement. Once this occurs we have personalised plans which help support their development and accelerated progress. Other useful documents such as our SEND policy and Disability Accessibility Plan are available on the school website. Quality teaching is vital; however for some children there are occasions when further additional support may be needed to help them achieve their targets.
Class Teacher- if you have concerns regarding your child's progress it is important to raise these concerns and issues with the class teacher. They are responsible for planning the curriculum, differentiation and assessing your child's progress.
SEND Liaison- Ms Murray – responsible for co-ordinating all the support and interventions for SEND children in the school, keeping parents informed, holding review meetings, liasing with outside agencies involved with your child as well as over seeing all aspects of SEND. Deputy Head -Ms Joyce, responsible for Gifted and Talented children as well as LAC.
Marlborough Project – Ms Margaret Narcisse responsible for liaising with those involved with this projects and the pastoral care of those children with SEND.
Head Teacher- Ms Karen Giles, responsible for all aspects of the school, as well as reporting to the Governing Body on all aspects of SEND in the school.
SEND Governor – Mrs Daksha Thanki, responsible for making sure the necessary support is made for every child with SEND who attends our school.
Open door policy – parents are welcome to speak with staff. If a more formal discussion is required, parents may make an appointment to see the appropriate person at the time.
Where appropriate we have a home school link book to ensure that comments can be responded to.
Meetings with SENCO as and when necessary.
If your child has an Education Health Care Plan or a Statement of Special Educational Needs there will be more formal meetings where progress is discussed and reported on and a written report is produced. These are usually reviewed annually and all those involved with the provision and support for your child both in school and external agencies are invited to attend. You will be notified of these meetings via the schools SENCo.
If your child is identified as not making progress the school will set up a meeting to discuss this in more detail with you.
If they make little progress despite the support provided by the school's SEN provisions including external support and advice, and there is evidence that the child has severe and or complex needs that cannot be met within the resources ordinarily available to school, we will ask the Local Authority to undertake a request for Educational, Health & Social Care assessment.
There is one lift at Barham as well as stair lifts enabling access to all but a handful of classrooms. Every effort is made to allocate students with difficulties to appropriate classrooms. Disabled toilets, shower area and changing facilities are available. Making the environment accessible is of paramount importance.
We recognise that transition can be difficult for a child with SEND and take steps to ensure that any transition is a smooth as possible.
If your child would be helped by a book/pictures to support them in understanding moving on them one will be made for them.
Information will be passed on to the new class teacher in advance and a planning / transition meeting is held with the new teacher. All IEPs will be shared with the new teacher.
In some cases a book or pictures are used to support students understand moving to another class or using a different playground, facilities.
The SENCo will discuss the specific needs of your child with the SENCo of their secondary school.
Where possible your child will visit their new school on many occasions and in some cases staff from the new school will visit your child in this school.
View Barham Primary School Send Policy.
View Barham SEND Information Report.


If you count every gram but don't want to sleep with material hanging on your face, the Black Diamond Spotlight Bivy is the answer to your shelter needs. A single DAC Featherlite pole slides in to provide you with plenty of headroom while the Spotlight's large zippered entry point makes it easy to slide in and out of. A large mesh panel with an awning in combination with the performance of Black Diamond's highly breathable and waterproof NanoShield fabric offer excellent ventilation for comfort throughout the night.


text:
Lab to land: Reaching out to a million farmers- CSRBOX
Lab to land: Reaching out to a million farmers
By Indian Express On 04 January 2018
In these troubled times for agriculture, the big ideas, it seems, are coming more from the states than the Centre.
Take, for instance, the Madhya Pradesh government's Bhavantar Bhugtan Yojana that seeks to pay farmers the difference between the official minimum support price and the average market rates for the oilseeds and pulses crops grown by them. In the current kharif season alone, about Rs 2,000 crore is expected to be credited into the bank accounts of over 15 lakh farmers in the state. It would be payable as price difference on about 25 lakh tonnes (lt) of produce — which is way above the 15 lt of oilseeds and pulses likely to be physically procured from 11 states under the Centre's price support scheme this kharif season. Not only are more farmers benefitting, there is also no cost of handling and storage to be borne here.
A similarly promising scheme is the Kisan Pathshala Yojana of the Uttar Pradesh (UP) government, also being called the Million Farmers' School. It is basically an extension and outreach programme to connect the agricultural department's scientific and technical staff with the state's farming community.
The interesting part of the scheme is its design (campaign mode and module-based) and timing (just during the cropping season). The pathshalas are in the form of a five-day teaching module, adapted to each of the state's nine agro-climatic zones. The "classes" launched in the current rabi season were held over two phases — the first during December 5-9 and second in December 11-15 — across all Nyaya Panchayats, each connecting two or more villages.
During this season, about 15,000 pathshalas were held, with 70-80 farmers attending each of these five-day sessions. "In all, we could reach out to more than a million farmers, which was our target," claims Amit Mohan Prasad, principal secretary (agriculture), UP government.
The UP agriculture department has around 8,600 technical assistants, who all have at least a B.Sc. (agriculture) qualification. Of them, roughly 6,000 were recruited in 2015 during the previous Samajwadi Party government's tenure. Apart from this permanent staff, there are over 2,400 temporary "block technology managers" appointed under the Centre's ATMA (Agricultural Technology Management Agency) scheme.
What the present BJP government under Yogi Adityanath has done is to leverage the above-created technical manpower and deploy it for a focused, campaign-mode programme. "We engaged about 7,500 technical assistants and block technology managers for Kisan Pathshala. Each of them did two five-day modules, adding up to 15,000 pathshalas and covering 10 lakh-plus farmers," explains Prasad.
The five-day course module covered a range of subjects from crop-specific advice for a particular region (which varieties to plant, what fertilisers to apply, when to irrigate and how to deal with pest and disease) and information on new farm machinery, sprinkler/drip irrigation technology and post-harvest management practices, to awareness of government schemes such as Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana and Soil Health Card.
"Our objectives were two-fold. The first was to revive the agricultural extension system, which has practically broken down and because of which the fruits of research aren't percolating down to the farms like they used to during the seventies and the eighties. The second was to re-establish connect between the agriculture department and the farming community. Not only does this help build awareness among farmers of government schemes, but we also get to know what they want," points out Prasad. Linked to this is a third element. The fact that the pathshalas are being held during the cropping season forces the technical staff to address practical problems having immediate relevance.
At a pathshala class at a primary school for girls in Kishorpura village of Jhansi's Mauranipur tehsil, The Indian Express found farmers to be most concerned over how to save their already-sown chana (chick-pea) and matar (field-pea) crops in a drought-like situation. They were also keen to know whether there was any government subsidy for the building of barbed-wire fences to bar the entry of "anna pashu" (stray cattle) into their farms. This has emerged as a major problem in many rural areas, especially after heightened cattle vigilantism that made it difficult to dispose of redundant animals.
The good thing about a programme like Kisan Pathshala — assuming it is taken ahead — is that it provides a forum for two-way communication between agriculture department officials and farmers during every cropping season. The logical next step should be to also involve the private sector. There is no harm if the instructors at the pathshalas also include representatives of seed, fertiliser or agri-machinery firms. For farmers, from where the advice comes does not matter, so long as it leads to higher yields and lower production costs.
Schemes like the Bhavantar Bhugtan Yojana and Kisan Pathshala have the potential to transform Indian agriculture in today's scenario, where farmers are suffering from both poor produce realisations and lack of access to knowhow and timely cropping advice.
Tag :	Farmers Agriculture Scheme Government
Good intentions on social exchange
By CSRBOX On 06 July 2019
Indian Companies to Spend 11 percent more CSR fund in FY 2019 20, top 10 Companies have prescribed CSR of INR 4700 Cr.
By NGOBOX & CSRBOX On 01 July 2019
Assam govt inks MoU with Piramal Foundation to improve education
By North East Today On 20 June 2019


CEC's track mounted two unit crusher and rambler screens are built in several sizes.
The unit pictured is the 102 x 115 track impactor and the 5 x 12 (2) deck Rambler® screen.
The track units are conveyored so the screen tracks up to the impactor and the conveyors instantly match up.
Set up is complete instantly. Start up and go to work.


text:
Tamir Hendelman: Destinations
By LARRY TAYLOR
Well recognized for 10 years as an important member of drummer Jeff Hamilton's Trio and the Clayton-Hamilton Jazz Orchestra, pianist Tamir Hendelman has also gained recognition as an accompanist for singers such as Tierney Sutton. As well, he is a go-to pianist for numerous sessions with top musicians.
After the success of his first trio recording, Playground (Swing Brothers, 2008), Destinations appears on a larger label, Resonance. Here, Hendelman's trio features drummer Lewis Nash—a great drummer who, standing out all the way, is a commanding force, whether driving the group explosively forward, providing delicate shading with his brushes, or trading licks with his cohorts, In turn, bassist Marco Panascia makes a major contribution.
Not to be outshone, Hendelman is the guiding hand, arranging new takes on familiar tunes and impressing with two originals. A technically brilliant stylist, his playing is always subtly tasteful; eschewing the dazzling bombast of some of today's' younger pianists, his guiding lights are Bill Evans and Bill Charlap.
Hendelman began studying piano at the age of six, in Tel Aviv, in his native Israel. Moving to the United States in 1984, at the age of 12, he went on to win several awards, and has worked with artists including Harry Allen, Teddy Edwards, Warren Vache, and Houston Person.
"Wrap Yourself In Dreams" starts the CD, with a galloping intro that Hendelman reins in to become a satisfying bluesy cadence. Clarinet legend Benny Goodman originally put his stamp on "Soft Winds"; here, it becomes imprinted with Nash's easygoing brush work, supporting Hendelman's relaxed groove. Towards the end, Panascia sets in, gracefully exchange bars with the drummer.
Displaying his wide range, Hendelman uses Ravel's "Le Tombeau de Couperin" as a point of creative departure, its climax an aural waterfall of notes. Keith Jarrett's "My Song" follow, retaining the pensive mood. Undauntedly, Hendelman takes on this very affecting tune, its lovely melody building to Panascia's bowed bass solo, played with deep feeling.
Hendelman's two originals are also noteworthy. "Israeli Waltz," his ode to his homeland, captures the wildness of the north country, while "Babushka" (grandmother) evokes the memory of his Polish immigrant grandmother with a stately old world lilt.
The real show-stopper, though, is "BQE," Makoto Ozone's ode to the Queens Expressway in New York. Hendelman's version is truly like a train hurtling down the tracks, with Nash at the controls, his drumsticks providing power as he steers it to the final stop.
From Lois P Jones's poem included in the liner notes, Hendelman invites: "Come with me, from stone to star, it isn't far. The sun will rise in a golden note and blow it all away." Destinations blew me away, note by note.
Track Listing: Wrap Your Troubles in Dreams; Passarim; Soft Winds; Le Tombeau de Couperin; My Song; You Stepped Out of a Dream; Israeli Waltz; Anthropology; Babushka; On the Street Where You Live; BQE; Valentine.
Personnel: Tamir Hendelman: piano; Marco Panascia: bass; Lewis Nash: drums.
Title: Destinations | Year Released: 2010 | Record Label: Resonance Records
Tamir Hendelman CD/LP/Track Review Larry Taylor DL Media Resonance Records United States Jeff Hamilton Clayton-Hamilton Jazz Orchestra. Tierney Sutton Lewis Nash Bill Evans Bill Charlap Harry Allen Teddy Edwards, Warren Vache Houston Person Benny Goodman Keith Jarrett Makoto Ozone Destinations
About Tamir Hendelman
Wrap Your Troubles in Dreams
Tamir Hendelman
Destinations by AAJ Italy Staff
Destinations by Larry Taylor
Destinations by Dr. Judith Schlesinger
Tamir Hendelman: Living a Dream
Playground by Dr. Judith Schlesinger
ESMAP
Swing Brothers
Richard Shulman


Yes! Site bullionbypost.co.uk now online.
bullionbypost.co.ukLocation Ukraine, it is ranked #40 in the world, a low rank means that this website gets lots of visitors. This site is worth $113000 USD and advertising revenue is $0 USD per day. The average pages load time is 94.38 seconds, it is very fast. This site has a perfect Pagerank(1/10), it has 201 visitors and 108 pageviews per day. Currently, this site needs more than 4 TB bandwidth per day, this month will needs more than 140 TB bandwidth. This site is listed in DMOZ, Yahoo Directory. Its seo score is 68%. IP address is 77.87.40.72, and its server is hosted at Ukraine.
Currently, we found 3 categories on bullionbypost.co.uk.
bullionbypost.co.uk safety reviews. This information from Google, McAfee, AVG, WOT, etc.
bullionbypost.co.uk is ranked #307 in the world, a low rank means that this website gets lots of visitors. Its primary traffic from Ukraine and is ranked #252 in United States. It has 3 subdomains with traffic. It has 201 visitors per day, and has 108 pageviews per day.
Daily Visitors by Country for bullionbypost.co.uk, total 31 countries and 655,578 visitors per day.
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bullionbypost.co.uk is listed in DMOZ.
bullionbypost.co.uk is listed in Yahoo Directory.
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text:
Simply Plants for stunning affordable office plants & plant displaysBlogNewsChatsworth named as venue for new RHS Flower Show
2nd April 2016 No Comments By Simply plants News england, Gardening, Inspiration, Landscaping, Plants, Projects, simply plants, welbeing
Chatsworth named as venue for new RHS Flower Show
Exciting new annual event will be set against the glorious backdrop of Chatsworth named as venue for new RHS Flower Show, in the rolling Derbyshire landscape
The RHS has announced a significant addition to its shows programme in the beautiful surroundings of the Chatsworth Estate, family home of the Duke and Duchess of Devonshire.
The rolling Derbyshire countryside, in which the Capability Brown landscape of Chatsworth is nestled, will offer a glorious backdrop for the RHS Chatsworth Flower Show, a brand new celebration of plants and gardens. The first of these major new shows will be held on 7-11 June 2017 and it will be an annual event.
Visitors can expect all their favourite RHS Show features, including a fantastic range of specialist nurseries, outdoor lifestyle shopping and garden inspiration at every turn.
Sue Biggs, RHS Director General, said: "We're thrilled that in 2017 we will be hosting Chatsworth named as the new venue for new RHS Flower Show on its breathtaking grounds. The amazing estate with its gorgeous surroundings has a rich gardening heritage and we're honoured and excited to soon be a part of it.
"RHS Chatsworth Flower Show will join our current portfolio of shows at Cardiff, Malvern, Chelsea, Hampton Court Palace, Tatton Park and London. It will be an incredible new show – a stunning addition to the flower show calendar, bursting with fresh ideas that will delight visitors. It's a fabulous opportunity for exhibitors and a great platform to showcase and sell their amazing plants to a new audience."
Read more about our exciting new show in the RHS press release (22kB pdf)
We will add more information here as and when it is released.
If you would like to exhibit at the RHS Chatsworth Flower Show in 2017 please let us know by completing the Chatsworth expression of interest form.
Original blog can be found here @rhs.org.uk


text:
La Ligue internationale des femmes pour la paix et la liberté ( ; LIFPL ou WILPF) est une ONG internationale pacifiste et féministe créée en 1915 pour promouvoir le désarmement et la durabilité, autant que lutter contre l'exploitation, les discriminations et l'inégalité sociale. Siégeant à Genève (Suisse), elle dispose de sections nationales dans plusieurs pays.

Elle est issue du congrès international des femmes de La Haye de 1915, un rassemblement de la minorité pacifiste du mouvement féministe international, qui n'avait pas accepté le ralliement de la plupart des organisations féministes de l'époque à l'effort de guerre dans leur patrie d'origine. Portant initialement le nom de Comité international des femmes pour la paix permanente, l'association devient officiellement la Ligue internationale des femmes pour la paix et la liberté en 1919.

Historique

Fondation

En avril-mai 1915, 1200 féministes pacifistes issues de douze pays participent au congrès international des femmes réuni à La Haye, dans le théâtre du jardin zoologique de la ville. Il se tient à l'initiative de l'Américaine Jane Addams et d'associations féministes et pacifistes américaines et hollandaises. Lors du congrès est créé le Comité international des femmes pour la paix permanente, afin de protester contre la Première Guerre mondiale. En effet, le congrès est une scission du mouvement féministe international, alors que la majorité des féministes de l'époque font le choix de soutenir leur gouvernement national et l'effort de guerre qui en découle, souvent en espérant que cet engagement jouera à la fin du conflit pour qu'elle obtiennent le droit de vote. Au contraire, les femmes réunies à La Haye choisissent de faire prévaloir leur idéaux pacifistes et la coopération internationale sur leurs intérêts nationaux. Elles débattent aussi des moyens qui permettront d'empêcher les guerres futures ; selon elles, le suffrage féminin serait le moyen le plus puissant, les femmes pouvant s'impliquer pour résoudre les conflits avant qu'ils ne débouchent sur une guerre.

Le congrès réunit des Allemandes, Américaines, des Belges, des Britanniques, des Hongroises, des Néerlandaises, des Norvégiennes ou encore des Suédoises. Les Françaises sont empêchées par les autorités de s'y rendre mais un groupe s'organise malgré tout à Paris. Cette section est présidée par Gabrielle Duchêne ; elle diffuse une brochure pacifiste qui lui vaut d'être perquisitionnée par la police. Membre du groupe, Hélène Brion est jugée en conseil de guerre.

En 1919, lors de son congrès de Zurich, le Comité change de nom pour devenir la Ligue internationale des femmes pour la paix et la liberté (LIFPL). Le congrès réunit des femmes issus de plusieurs pays nord-américains et européens (États-Unis, Royaume-Uni, Pays-Bas, Autriche, Tchécoslovaquie, France). La Française Jeanne Mélin y échange une longue poignée de mains avec la déléguée allemande Linda Gustava Heymann, symbole remarqué en faveur du rapprochement franco-allemand.

Pendant la conférence de la paix de Paris (1919), la LIFPL fait des suggestions pour améliorer le projet du texte fondateur de la Société des nations (SDN), par exemple que les traités ne soient ratifiés qu'après avoir été approuvés par un corps législatif élu. Elle fait partie des ONG internationales émergentes de l'après-guerre, dont le but est d'influencer les travaux de la SDN ; le choix d'installer son siège à Genève, à proximité de l'organisation, n'est donc pas anodin. Son action militante a donc lieu au niveau international, mais aussi national, par l'intermédiaire de ses différentes sections.

Afin d'empêcher une nouvelle guerre, la LIFPL oriente alors son action sur l'obtention du vote pour les femmes et l'éducation des enfants au pacifisme. Après le conflit, certains pays ont en effet octroyé le droit de vote aux femmes (Allemagne, États-Unis, Royaume-Uni) mais la plupart ne le donneront qu'après la Seconde Guerre mondiale.

Entre-deux-guerres

Seconde Guerre mondiale

Guerre froide
Après la Seconde Guerre mondiale, la LIFPL dispose toujours d'une certaine aura. En 1946, l'une de ses dirigeantes, Emily Greene Balch, obtient ainsi le prix Nobel de la paix. Si elle sort exsangue du conflit – des sections ont dû poursuivre clandestinement leur activité ou ont été dissoutes pendant la guerre –, la Ligue dispose toujours d'une quinzaine de sections dans différents pays, reprend la publication de son bulletin international et organise son premier congrès d'après-guerre à Luxembourg en 1946. Au sein de cette organisation progressiste mais non révolutionnaire, la section française apparaît comme la plus radicale, particulièrement liée à la Fédération démocratique internationale des femmes (FDIF), organisation de masse de femmes pacifistes sous orbite de l'URSS. Dans les associations pro-communistes, cette aspiration à la paix (voir par exemple l'appel de Stockholm) a pour principal objectif de servir les intérêts géostratégiques de Moscou. Au contraire, les sections anglo-saxonnes de la LIFPL sont méfiantes vis-à-vis de la diplomatie soviétique, mais n'en sont pas moins critiques concernant la diplomatie des États-Unis. Si un risque de scission devient réel, tant l'antagonisme semble fort entre la section française et les autres, le groupe d'une centaine de femmes dirigé par la désormais philo-communiste Gabrielle Duchêne ne part pas ; au-delà de sa présidente, les opinions de ses membres restent hétérogènes. Sa dirigeante, quoiqu'aveuglée par sa sympathie vis-à-vis du régime soviétique, cherche surtout des points d'équilibre entre femmes de l'Ouest et de l'Est afin de promouvoir la paix. Après sa mort en 1954, une professeure de sciences, Isabelle Pontheil, lui succède. Si elle reste philo-communiste, la section française profite de la Détente pour sortir de son isolement au sein de la LIFPL, qui se met désormais de façon plus générale à tisser des liens avec des femmes de l'Est afin de poursuivre ses objectifs pacifistes.

Depuis 1991

Sections nationales
Les sections nationales de la LIFPL naissent pour la plupart en Europe et en Amérique du Nord dans le sillage de la conférence de La Haye de 1915. Au fil des guerres et des décennies, certaines accroissement leurs effectifs, d'autres disparaissent, avant de renaître, tandis que la seconde partie du siècle et le début du XXI siècle sont marqués par la naissance de nouvelles sections dans des pays non occidentaux. À la différence d'autres organisations internationales de femmes (Conseil international des femmes, Alliance internationale des femmes), les sections de la LIFPL forment une fédération de sections et ne dépendent donc pas d'une simple affiliation à une structure internationale. Chaque section connaît des particularités singulières, tant spatiales qu'historiques, et peut se subdiviser, selon les pays, en des sous-sections régionales.

Afghanistan
La section afghane est créée en 2016.

Albanie
Une section albanaise a existé mais elle est actuellement inactive.

Allemagne

La principale organisation féministe allemande du début du siècle, la Bund Deutscher Frauenvereine (BDF), comptait un courant radical et pacifiste, représenté notamment par Lida Gustava Heymann et Anita Augspurg. La BDF soutient la « patrie en danger » dès le début de la Grande guerre et ses dissidentes pacifistes sont désavouées par l'organisation. Celles-ci participent au congrès féministe de La Haye de 1915, qui donne naissance à la section allemande de la Ligue. Gertrud Baer participe à sa création, formalisée en 1919. Durant la République de Weimar, où l'atmosphère politique baigne dans les idées de nationalisme et de militarisme, la section allemande de la LIFPL est considérée comme radicale. En 1928, elle compte 2000 membres, réparties au sein de 80 branches locales. Elle est interdite sous le Troisième Reich mais renaît en 1945.

Argentine
La section argentine est créée dans les années 1990 mais le contexte national conduit ses membres à s'exiler en Espagne et la section est dissoute. Elle renaît en 2018.

Australie
La section australienne est créée 1920, après que des Australiennes aient participé au congrès de 1919. Doris Blackburn a présidé la section.

Belgique
Une section belge est créée en 1920, lancée par Jeanne Mélin.

Bolivie
Une section bolivienne a existé mais elle est actuellement inactive.

Bulgarie
En 1925, Ekaterina Karavelova devient présidente de la section bulgare de la LIFPL.

Burkina Faso
La section burkinabé est créée en 2018.

Burundi
La section burundaise est créée en 2017.

Cameroun
La section camerounaise est créée en 2014 par Sylvie Jacqueline Ndongmo, qui en assure la présidence jusqu'en avril 2022.

Centrafrique
La section centrafricaine est créée en 2018.

Canada

Plusieurs sections canadiennes ont existé. Celle de Vancouver est créée au début des années 1920 par  et Laura Jamieson. D'autres sont fondées à Toronto, à Edmonton et à Winnipeg. Épouse de l'homme politique J. S. Woodsworth, Lucy Staples est une membre importante de la section de Toronto ; Agnes Macphail en est la présidente honoraire. La journaliste  s'investit particulièrement dans l'Ouest du pays et demande à la LIFPL de renforcer ses liens avec d'autres associations pacifistes.

D'un point de vue militant, les sections canadiennes encouragent l'éducation à la paix et s'opposent à l'instruction militaire dans le système scolaire ; elles promeuvent aussi le désarmement et la coopération entre les peuples. En 1931, le bureau international de la LIFPL, qui siège à Genève, organise une pétition internationale pour réclamer le désarmement universel ; 491 000 signatures sont récoltées au Canada. Durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, les sections canadiennes viennent en aide aux réfugiés mais la montée du militarisme conduit à une chute des effectifs, qui se poursuit dans les années 1950 avec la Guerre froide. Dans la seconde moitié de la décennie, seule la section de Vancouver existe encore, avec très peu de membres ; elle aussi finit par disparaître.

Une nouvelle section est créée à Ottawa à la fin des années 1970 puis à Vancouver. Les adhésions augmentent. En 1993, la section d'Ottawa publie un rapport Le Budget des femmes canadiennes, qui compare les dépenses militaires du gouvernement fédéral à celles des investissements sociaux. Elle lui demande de reconsidérer ses priorités, et de favoriser les demandes des femmes et de la population en général, meilleur moment, selon la section, d'assurer la sécurité.

Les membres canadiennes de la LIFPL se sont aussi opposées à la guerre du Golfe et ont promu un traité contre les armes nucléaires. Un bulletin, WILPF News, est édité sur ses actions et analyses de l'actualité canadienne et mondiale. La section est membre du Comité canadien d'action sur le statut de la femme (CCASF) et du comité directeur de l'Alliance canadienne pour la paix (ACP).

Colombie
La section colombienne est créée en 1998.

Costa-Rica
La section costaricienne est créée en 1981.

Côte d'Ivoire
La section ivoirienne est créée en 2018.

Danemark
En 1915, après avoir assisté au congrès de La Haye, Thora Daugaard et Clara Tybjerg créent la  (DKF). Cette « Chaîne des femmes pour la paix » devient officiellement la section danoise de la LIFPL en 1925. Pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, elle aide des Juifs à s'échapper vers la Suède.

États-Unis
La section américaine est créée en 1915. Dorothy Detzer la dirige entre 1924 et 1946, puis Katherine Lindsley Camp (Kay Camp) à partir de 1967 et Marii Hasegawa entre 1971 et 1975.

Espagne
En 2011, la section espagnole est créée et  en devient la présidente. Le groupe est formé de femmes impliquées depuis longtemps dans les mouvements pacifistes, certaines s'étant engagées contre le nucléaire dans les années 1980, alors que d'autres ont participé dans les années 1990 au mouvement anti-guerre « Women in Black ». Entre autres combats pacifistes, la section s'oppose de nos jours à la militarisation de l'Espagne.

Finlande
La section finlandaise est créée en 1926. Portant initialement le nom d'Union des femmes finlandaises, il s'agit de la première organisation féministe pacifiste du pays.

France

En France, Gabrielle Duchêne préside la section entre 1919 et 1954 ; le premier noyau de militantes se créé autour de Gabrielle Duchêne, Marguerite Thévenet (compagne d'Alfred Rosmer), Madeleine Rolland (sœur de Romain Rolland), Marthe Bigot et Jeanne Halbwachs. Isabelle Pontheil lui succède jusqu'en 1972, Yvonne See jusqu'en 1982, Claude Richard-Molard ensuite puis Solange Fernex et Giselle Noublanche. La haut-fonctionnaire Marguerite Thibert compta aussi parmi les membres importantes de la section. En 2020, la section est inactive.

Polynésie française
Une section polynésienne est créée en 1982.

Ghana
Une première section ghanéenne est fondée en 1977. Elle est recréée en 2011 et est actuellement présidée par Ayo Ayoola-Amale.

Inde
Ayant déjà existé par le passé, la section indienne est recréée en 2001 par l'ancienne présidente de la LIFPL Edith Ballantyne et l'actuelle à l'époque, .

Israël
Une section israélienne est fondée en 1952 par Rahel Straus et d'autres femmes mais elle est actuellement inactive.

Italie
La section italienne est créée dans les années 1920 mais disparaît lors de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Elle renaît en 1989.

Japon
La section japonaise est créée en 1921. Marquée par les bombardements atomiques d'Hiroshima et de Nagasaki (1945), elle milite notamment pour la reconnaissance des viols durant l'occupation du Japon par l'armée américaine et contre leurs installations à Okinawa et Kyoto. Elle compte plusieurs branches régionales.

Kenya
La section kenyanne est créée en 2017.

Liban
La section libanaise est créée en 1962. De nos jours, elle vient notamment en aide aux réfugiés syriens vivant dans des camps libanais, en particulier les femmes.

Mexique
La section mexicaine est créée en 2003.

Niger
La section nigérienne est créée en 2018.

Nigéria
La section nigérianne est créée en 2009.

Mexique
La section mexicaine est créée en 2003.

Nouvelle-Zélande
La section néo-zélandaise est créée en 1916. Dans les années 1920-1930, elle compte un faible nombre de membres et un militantisme limité. La Seconde Guerre mondiale interrompt ses activités jusqu'en 1955, année où la section est reconstituée à Auckland, après la visite de la scientifique Kathleen Lonsdale. Peu de temps après, une autre branche est créée à Wellington. En 1989, la section néo-zélandaise est renommée « WILPF Aotearoa ».

Norvège
La section norvégienne de la LIFPL est créée en 1915, après avoir envoyé des déléguées au congrès de La Haye. Au niveau national, elle a notamment milité contre l'accès des femmes au service militaire et contre l'adhésion de leur pays à l'OTAN.

Ouganda
La section ougandaise est créée en 2014.

Palestine
La section palestinienne est créée en 1988.

Pakistan
La section pakistanaise est créée en 2011.

Pays-Bas
Dans l'entre-deux-guerres, Rosa Manus est une personnalité néerlandaise de la Ligue. La section néerlandaise renaît en 1984.

Philippines
Une section philippine a existé mais elle est actuellement inactive.

République démocratique du Congo
La section congolaise est créée en 2007.

Royaume-Uni
Au Royaume-Uni, la féministe Chrystal MacMillan est l'une des fondatrices de la LIFPL. À partir de 1950, Marian Cripps dirige la section britannique.

Sénégal
La section sénégalaise est créée en 2019. Elle s'implique particulièrement dans des actions pour lutter contre la pandémie de Covid-19.

Sierra Leone
La section sierraléonaise est créée en 2018.

Somalie
La section somalienne est créée en 2019.

Soudan
La section soudanaise est créée en 2018.

Sri Lanka
La section sri-lankaise est créée en 1953, disparaît et renaît en 2019. Ses membres militent notamment pour la réconciliation, après la guerre civile achevée en 2009.

Suède
La section suédoise est créée en 1919.

Suisse
La section suisse est créée en 1915 mais disparaît en 1975. Une deuxième section est active de 1984 à 1998 puis une troisième renaît en 2004.

Togo
La section togolaise est créée en 2019.

Zimbabwe
La section zimbabwéenne est créée en 2016.

Personnalités liées à la LIFPL

Parmi les membres fondatrices de la LIFPL, on compte deux prix Nobel de la paix : Jane Addams (1931) et Emily Greene Balch (1946). Jane Addams est la présidente de la LIFPL jusqu'à sa mort, en 1935. Alva Reimer Myrdal obtient également un prix Nobel de la paix en 1982 mais n'était pas une dirigeante de la Ligue, seulement une membre de la section suédoise. En 2017, la Campagne internationale pour l'abolition des armes nucléaires reçoit le prix Nobel de la paix, dont la dirigeante est Beatrice Fihn, qui a été directrice du programme de désarmement de la LIFPL.

Madeleine Rees est l'actuelle secrétaire générale de la Ligue.

Présidentes
 1919-1929 : Jane Addams (États-Unis)
 1929-1932 : Emily Greene Balch (États-Unis), Gertrud Baer (Allemagne) et Clara Ragaz (Suisse), co-présidentes
 1932-1934 : Gertrud Baer (Allemagne) et Edith Pye (Royaume-Uni), co-présidentes
 1934-1936 : Gertrud Baer (Allemagne) et Clara Ragaz (Suisse)
 1936-1937 : Gertrud Baer (Allemagne), Clara Ragaz (Suisse) et Ramondt-Hirschmann (Pays-Bas), co-présidentes
 1937-1946 : Gertrud Baer (Allemagne), Clara Ragaz (Suisse) et  (Royaume-Uni), co-présidentes
 1946-1949 : Andrée Jouve (France) et Marie Lous-Mohr (Norvège), co-présidentes
 1949-1952 : Gertrude Bussey (États-Unis), Marie Lous-Mohr (Norvège) et Agnes Stapleton (Royaume-Uni), co-présidentes
 1952-1956 : Marie Lous-Mohr (Norvège)
 1956-1965 : Else Zeuthen (Danemark)
 1965-1968 : Dorothy Hutchinson (États-Unis)
 1968-1971 : Elise Boulding (États-Unis)
 1971-1974 : Ellen Holmgaard (Danemark)
 1974-1980 : Kay Camp (États-Unis)
 1980-1986 : Carol Pendell
 1986-1992 : Eleonore Romberg (Allemagne)
 1992-1998 : Edith Ballantyne
 1998-2001 : Bruna Nota
 2001-2004 :  (Inde)
 2004-2007 : Regina Birchem (États-Unis)
 2007-2011 : Annelise Ebbe (Danemark) et Kerstin Greback (Suède), co-présidentes
 2011-2015 : Adilia Caravaca (Costa Rica)
 2015-2018 : Kozue Akibayashi (Japon)
 Depuis 2018 : Joy Ada Onyesoh (Nigeria)

Présidentes honoraires
 1929-1935 : Jane Addams (États-Unis)
 1937-1961 : Emily Greene Balch (États-Unis)

Secrétaires générales

 1919-1922 : Emily Greene Balch
 1924-1926 : Vilma Glücklich
 1969-1992 : Edith Ballantyne
 2002-2004 : Silvi Sterr
 2005-2010 : Suzy Snyder
 Depuis 2010 : Madeleine Rees

Congrès

Archives
Un certain nombre d'archives de la LIFPL, dont les rapports des congrès, sont conservées à l'université du Colorado à Boulder (États-Unis). Concernant la structure internationale de la Ligue, d'autres archives sont conservées à son siège à Genève, tandis que les sections nationales possèdent elles aussi des archives sur leur histoire (en France, elles ont été versées à La Contemporaine).

Références

Bibliographie
Monographies de militantes
 .
 Yvonne Sée, Réaliser l'espérance, Paris, Pax, 1984.

Études scientifiques
 .
 Catia Cecilia Confortini, Intelligent Compassion : Feminist Critical Methodology in the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom, OUP USA, 2012.
 .
 Jean-Michel Guieu et Stéphane Tison (dir.), La paix dans la guerre. Espoirs et expériences de paix (1914-1919), éditions de la Sorbonne, 2022.
 .
 Ann Oakley, Women, peace and welfare : A suppressed history of social reform, 1880-1920, Policy Press, 2019.
 .

Presse
 .

Articles connexes
 Féminisme | Pacifisme
 Conseil international des femmes | Alliance internationale des femmes | Fédération démocratique internationale des femmes
 Mémés déchaînées

Liens externes

 Site officiel (sections nationales, résolutions adoptées lors des congrès)

Association ou organisme pacifiste
Internationale féministe
Féminisme pacifiste
Association fondée en 1915
Femmes pendant la Première Guerre mondiale

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Lightweight ORM, built on top of [Squilder](https://pub.dartlang.org/packages/squilder).
Inspired by [ScalikeJDBC](http://scalikejdbc.org/) and [Skinny ORM](http://skinny-framework.org/documentation/orm.html)

## Why

Sometimes it's just not enough to have type-safe SQL builder, it's also nice to have something, which would map
resulting rows to models and have a way to specify associations. This is what `ORMapper` for.

## Usage

Imagine you have the MySQL tables `users`, `posts` and `comments`, they look something like this:

```
users:
int id, String login

posts:
int id, int user_id, String title, String text

comments:
int id, int user_id, String text
```

First thing - since it's based on [Squilder](https://pub.dartlang.org/packages/squilder), we need to generate schema classes.
For that, create a file `bin/schema_generator.dart`, and add this code:

```dart
import 'package:sqljocky/sqljocky.dart';
import 'package:squilder/schema_generator.dart' as generator;

void main() {
  generator.generate(
      dbType: "mysql",
      host: "localhost",
      user: "root",
      password: "pass",
      port: 3306,
      database: "your_db",
      output: "dbschema.dart",
      library: "dbschema");
}
```

Then, run it as `dart bin/schema_generator.dart`. It will create the file `dbschema.dart`, with the schema classes for
the tables `posts`, `users` and `comments`.

Now, let's create the models and the mappers for them:

Models:

```dart
import 'dbschema.dart';
import 'package:squilder/squilder.dart';

// models
class User {
  final int id;
  final String login;
  User(this.id, this.login);

  factory User.fromRow(Map<TableField, dynamic> row) {
    return new User(
        row[users.f.id],
        row[users.f.login]);
  }

  Map<TableField, dynamic> toRow() {
    return {
        users.f.id: id,
        users.f.login: login};

  bool operator ==(other) =>
      other is User && id == other.id && login == other.login;

  int hashCode => id.hashCode ^ login.hashCode;
}

class Post {
  final int id;
  final int userId;
  final String title;
  final String text;
  Post(this.id, this.userId, this.title, this.text);

  factory Post.fromRow(Map<TableField, dynamic> row) {
    return new Post(
        row[posts.f.id],
        row[posts.f.userId],
        row[posts.f.title],
        row[posts.f.text]);
  }

  Map<TableField, dynamic> toRow() {
    return {
        posts.f.id: id,
        posts.f.userId: userId,
        posts.f.title: title,
        posts.f.text: text};
  }

  bool operator ==(other) =>
      other is Post && id == other.id && userId == other.userId
          && title == other.title && text == other.text;

  int hashCode => id.hashCode ^ userId.hashCode ^ title.hashCode ^ text.hashCode;
}

class Comment {
  final int id;
  final int userId;
  final String text;
  Comment(this.id, this.userId, this.text);

  factory Comment.fromRow(Map<TableField, dynamic> row) {
    return new Comment(
        row[comments.f.id],
        row[comments.f.userId],
        row[comments.f.text]);
  }

  Map<TableField, dynamic> toRow() {
    return {
        comments.f.id: id,
        comments.f.userId: userId,
        comments.f.text: text};
  }

  bool operator ==(other) =>
      other is Comment && id == other.id && userId == other.userId
          && text == other.text;

  int hashCode => id.hashCode ^ userId.hashCode ^ text.hashCode;
}
```

and finally - mappers:

```dart
// mappers

class UserMapper extends ORMapper<User> {
  UsersTable get table => users;
  UserMapper(Adapter adapter) : super(adapter);
  Iterable<User> modelFactory(Iterable<Map<TableField, dynamic>> rows) =>
      rows.map((Map<TableField, dynamic> row) => new User.fromRow(row)).toSet();
}
final UserMapper userMapper = new UserMapper(adapter);

class PostMapper extends ORMapper<Post> {
  PostsTable get table => posts;
  PostMapper(Adapter adapter) : super(adapter);
  Iterable<Post> modelFactory(Iterable<Map<TableField, dynamic>> rows) =>
      rows.map((Map<TableField, dynamic> row) => new Post.fromRow(row)).toSet();
}
final PostMapper postMapper = new PostMapper(adapter);

class CommentMapper extends ORMapper<Comment> {
  CommentsTable get table => comments;
  CommentMapper(Adapter adapter) : super(adapter);
  Iterable<Comment> modelFactory(Iterable<Map<TableField, dynamic>> rows) =>
      rows.map((Map<TableField, dynamic> row) => new Comment.fromRow(row)).toSet();
}
final CommentMapper commentMapper = new CommentMapper(adapter);
```

For every mapper, you have to define 3 things: `table` getter, which returns the table from the `dbschema.dart` generated
file, a constructor, and the `modelFactory` method, which converts a row to an actual model.

Now, you can do things like this:

```dart
Option<User> user = await userMapper.find(1).first();
Iterable<User> startsWithBUsers = await userMapper.where(userMapper.table.f.name.like("B%")).all();
Iterable<Post> postsWithGoodComments = await postMapper
    .addJoin(commentMapper, commentMapper.table.f.postId.eqToField(postMapper.table.f.id))
    .where(commentMapper.table.f.text.like("%great%")).all();
```

It's very common when you need to specify associations, like find all the comments of the post, or user of the comment.
So, you can specify `hasMany`, `belongsTo`, `hasAndBelongsToMany` and `hasManyThrough` associations.

Let's add them e.g. to our Post mapper:

```dart
class PostMapper extends ORMapper<Post> {
  // ... old code here

  Query<Comment> comments(int postId) =>
      hasMany(postId, commentMapper, commentMapper.table.f.postId);

  Query<User> user(int postId) =>
      belongsTo(postId, userMapper, table.f.userId);
}
```

Now you can do:

```dart
Iterable<Comment> comments = await postMapper.comments(1).all();
Option<User> user = await postMapper.user(1).first();
```

Or even something more complicated, e.g. association for all the comments of posts of a specific user, would be:

```dart
class UserMapper extends ORMapper<User> {
  // ..old code

  Query<Comment> commentsOfPosts(userId) =>
      hasManyThrough(userId, [
          new Relation(postMapper, postMapper.table.f.userId),
          new Relation(commentMapper, commentMapper.table.f.postId)]);
}
```

```dart
Iterable<Comment> comments = await userMapper.commentsOfPosts(1).all();
```

You can save and update the records as well:

```dart
Comment comment = new Comment(1, 1, "blah");
await commentMapper.create(comment.toRow());

Post post = (await postMapper.find(1)).get();
Post newPost = new Post(post.id, post.userId, "new title", post.text);
await postMapper.update(newPost.id, newPost);
```

## Features and bugs

Please file feature requests and bugs at the [issue tracker][tracker].

[tracker]: https://github.com/astashov/ormapper.dart


text:
Intel chiefs push back on reports about Trump's intelligence briefings
Posted on: March 6th, 2019	by ABC News	No Comments
SAUL LOEB/AFP/Getty Images(WASHINGTON) — Two of America's top intelligence officials issued a rare rebuke of some media reports about President Donald Trump's intelligence briefings, saying they contained assertions that "are false, unproductive and harmful to our nation's security."
"Speculation, including that from former and unnamed intelligence officers, about what occurs in our Oval Office briefings is wrong," according to a joint statement from Director of National Intelligence Dan Coats and CIA Director Gina Haspel, which was provided to ABC News. "Simply put, these anonymous sources are not there as we deliver timely, unbiased intelligence and work alongside an engaged and knowledgeable President on the most complex national security issues."
Spokespeople for both the Office of the Director of National Intelligence and the CIA declined to comment about the reports to which Coats and Haspel were referring, what was incorrect in those reports or what prompted the statement.
In a statement to ABC News, White House press secretary Sarah Sanders said, "The President values his national security and intelligence teams and is proud of the accomplishments they have had in these first two years."
In the two-plus years of Trump's presidency, several news reports have raised questions about his preferred intelligence briefing process: from its format and frequency, to his engagement, to the topics Trump purportedly prefers to discuss.
News organizations, including ABC News, have reported that the president prefers briefings that involve visuals, such as charts and graphs, to dense briefing books.
Trump told Axios in January 2017 that he prefers his briefings to have "bullets, or I like as little as possible."
"I don't need, you know, 200-page reports on something that can be handled on a page. That I can tell you," he said.
A month earlier Trump responded to reports that he was getting the President's Daily Brief, a collection of the most pressing security issues of the day, only about once a week.
"I get it when I need it," Trump said in an interview with Fox News. "These are very good people that are giving me the briefings. … You know, I'm, like, a smart person. I don't have to be told the same thing in the same words every single day for the next eight years. … I don't need that. But I do say, 'If something should change, let us know.'"
More recently TIME reported that the president was disregarding the intelligence community's assessments and displaying what one official reportedly called "willful ignorance."
On Sunday, The New York Times reported that intelligence briefers had taken to framing their briefings in terms of economics and trade deals, catering to Trump's greater interest in the subject.
Coats' and Haspel's defense of the president comes after Trump publicly lambasted the two in January following a Congressional hearing in which they made statements contrary to the president's views on critical national security subjects, such as, Iran, North Korea and the Islamic State.
"Perhaps Intelligence should go back to school!" Trump tweeted in part. He later said it was a misunderstanding that he blamed on the media.
Coats and Haspel said Tuesday, "President Trump and the Intelligence Community share the same goal — a safer America."


Mike was a Smithsonian Institution graduate fellow based in the Bell and de Queiroz Labs at the NMNH summer 2017. He collected TONS of morphological data on Lesser Antillean anoles during his visit! Mike received a Smithsonian Institution predoctoral fellowship and will be back at NMNH for a year starting in September 2018.