text:
PEOPLE v. NOYAN
Court of Appeal, Third District, California.
The PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent, v. Drake Nicholas NOYAN, Defendant and Appellant.
ORDER MODIFYING OPINION AND DENYING REHEARING
[NO CHANGE IN JUDGMENT]
It is ordered that the opinion filed herein on December 17, 2014, be modified as follows:
1. On pages 17 and 18, the paragraph under the subheading "C. Equal Protection Remedies" is modified to read as follows:
"When a court concludes that a statutory classification violates the constitutional guarantee of equal protection of the laws, it has a choice of remedies." (Hofsheier, supra, 37 Cal.4th at p. 1207.) Here, defendant contends we should order that he serve his sentence in county jail; the Attorney General contends the Legislature would likely prefer us to impose state prison sentences for all related statutes (chapter 3 of title 5 of part 3 of the Penal Code). "In choosing the proper remedy for an equal protection violation, our primary concern is to ascertain, as best we can, which alternative the Legislature would prefer." (Hofsheier, supra, 37 Cal.4th at p. 1207, citing Kopp v. Fair Pol. Practices Com. (1995) 11 Cal.4th 607, 651 and Hayes v. Superior Court (1971) 6 Cal.3d 216, 224.) An express purpose in enacting the Realignment Legislation was to "[realign] low-level felony offenders ․ to locally run community-based corrections programs" to decrease recidivism and improve public safety. (§ 17.5, subd. (a)(5).) Therefore, we conclude the Legislature would prefer that section 4573.5 be reformed to make reference to the sentencing provisions of section 1170(h) to further that legislative purpose.
2. On page 18, part III is added immediately preceding the Disposition, to read as follows:
In a petition for rehearing, defendant argues the provisions of Proposition 47, enacted by the people at the November 4, 2014, general election, apply retroactively to this case and reduce his Health and Safety Code section 11350 convictions from felonies to misdemeanors, given that he does not have a disqualifying prior conviction. Defendant is limited to the statutory remedy of petitioning for recall of sentence in the trial court once his judgment is final, pursuant to Penal Code section 1170.18. (See People v. Yearwood (2013) 213 Cal.App.4th 161, 170, 177.)
There is no change in the judgment.
Respondent's and appellant's petitions for rehearing are denied.
BY THE COURT:
RAYE, P.J.
NICHOLSON, J.
ROBIE, J.
Filed 12/17/14 (unmodified version)
CERTIFIED FOR PUBLICATION
IN THE COURT OF APPEAL OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIATHIRD APPELLATE DISTRICT(Sutter)
THE PEOPLE, Plaintiff and Respondent,
DRAKE NICHOLAS NOYAN, Defendant and Appellant.
(Super.Ct.Nos.CRF121135, CRF121518, CRF122071, CRF130029)
APPEAL from a judgment of the Superior Court of Sutter County, H. Ted Hansen, Judge. Affirmed as modified.
Rachel P. Varnell, under appointment by the Court of Appeal, for Defendant and Appellant.
Kamala D. Harris, Attorney General, Dane R. Gillette, Chief Assistant Attorney General, Michael P. Farrell, Assistant Attorney General, Daniel B. Bernstein, and Alice Su, Deputy Attorneys General, for Plaintiff and Respondent.
Defendant Drake Nicholas Noyan was sentenced to state prison for various drug-related charges pursuant to a negotiated plea. In his appeal, we consider two claims, one personal to Noyan, that the court abused its discretion in declining to reinstate him on probation, and another with wider implications, that the differing applications of Penal Code section 1170, subdivision (h) (hereafter section 1170(h)) 1 to Penal Code sections 4573 and 4573.5 2 violate equal protection by requiring him to serve his sentence in state prison instead of county jail.3 We reject his probation claim but agree that section 4573.5 treats similarly situated classes of offenders differently, and there is no rational basis for the disparate treatment. We reform the statute to eliminate the constitutionally infirm disparity and modify the judgment accordingly.
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL BACKGROUND
In case No. CRF121135, defendant was charged with felony possession of heroin (count 1) and misdemeanor possession of an opium pipe or other device or paraphernalia used for injecting or smoking a controlled substance (count 2). Defendant pleaded no contest to count 1 and was granted a deferred entry of judgment for an enumerated period, released on his own recognizance, and ordered to report to probation. During the diversion period, defendant violated probation; the court ordered the judgment entered and placed him back on probation. Defendant violated probation again, and the court revoked his probation.
While on bail in that case, defendant was charged in case No. CRF121518 with felony failure to appear at a court hearing. Defendant pleaded no contest; the trial court suspended imposition of sentence and placed him on three years' probation. Defendant violated probation, after which probation was revoked and reinstated. Defendant again violated probation and the court again revoked his probation.
In case No. CRF122071, defendant was charged with first degree felony burglary (count 1); possession of heroin (counts 2 & 3); knowingly bringing alcohol, a noncontrolled substance, or paraphernalia intended to be used in the consumption of a noncontrolled substance into county jail (count 4); misdemeanor possession of an opium pipe or other device or paraphernalia used for injecting or smoking a controlled substance (count 5); and misdemeanor graffiti (count 6). Defendant pleaded no contest to counts 2 and 4, and all other counts were dismissed. He did not wish the trial court to consider drug court. The trial court suspended imposition of sentence and placed him on probation for three years. The court revoked probation after defendant violated its terms.
Finally, defendant was charged in case No. CRF130029 with knowingly bringing a controlled substance or paraphernalia intended for consuming a controlled substance into a county jail (count 1) and misdemeanor possession of an opium pipe or device for injecting or smoking a controlled substance (count 2). Defendant pleaded no contest to count 1 and admitted various probation violations.
Pursuant to his plea bargain, the court sentenced defendant to an aggregate term of five years four months in state prison: the upper term of three years for possession of heroin (Health & Saf.Code, § 11350, subd. (a); count 2, case No. CRF122071); a concurrent upper term of three years for bringing paraphernalia for consumption of drugs other than controlled substances into jail (Pen.Code, § 4573.5; count 4, case No. CRF122071); one year (one-third the middle term) for bringing a controlled substance into county jail (Pen.Code, § 4573; count 1, case No. CRF130029); eight months (one-third the middle term) for failure to appear on bail (Pen.Code, § 1320.5; count 1, case No. CRF121518); and eight months (one-third the middle term) for possession of heroin (Health & Saf.Code, § 11350, subd. (a); count 1, case No. CRF121135). The sentence was imposed but execution was suspended, and defendant was placed on three years' probation in each case and ordered to attend the drug court program. Defendant was advised and understood that if he failed drug court or violated any other condition of his suspended sentence, he would be sentenced to state prison.
Defendant violated probation. The court revoked defendant's probation on all matters. Defendant was again advised, and he acknowledged, that if the court determined he should not be reinstated on probation he would be sentenced to five years four months in state prison. Defendant admitted violating his probation by possessing a controlled substance and drug paraphernalia, and by failing to participate in and complete the drug court program.
At a hearing to determine whether to reinstate defendant on probation, defendant testified on his own behalf and also presented the testimony of Joseph Wayne Cassady, D.O., and Donald R. Siggins, Ph.D. Cassady was a treating physician who prescribed defendant Suboxone, which is a medication approved for the treatment of opiate dependency. Cassady explained that if taken as prescribed, Suboxone would reduce an addict's craving, allowing him to feel normal and to avoid symptoms of withdrawal; however, Suboxone is not useful in preventing someone from using opiates if he so chooses. Siggins's evaluation of defendant led him to opine that defendant was a drug addict, that defendant was motivated to change his lifestyle, and that defendant needed long-term residential treatment. Siggins did not believe prison would offer the type of program defendant needed to "turn his life around." Siggins further opined defendant had "hit[ ] bottom" and was ready to begin recovery. He also testified that his clients who have entered treatment are "by and large successful" but that he could not "predict the future with any absolute certainty." Finally, defendant testified that he had a drug problem he "[d]esperately" wanted to correct, that his "heart [was] set on [rehabilitation]," and that he was willing to and had made efforts to enter a program.
Defendant's counsel argued defendant should be reinstated on probation so he could get the help he "wants" and "needs." The prosecutor argued the stay of execution should be lifted and the previous state prison sentence imposed because defendant had failed to comply with probation, and that he had been given "one last chance with a suspended sentence, and he failed to take advantage of that last chance." The court found defendant had a 19–year criminal track record, was fortunate to have been given an opportunity earlier in the year to avoid a prison commitment, and essentially "blew off" the suspended sentence. The court found nothing to justify reinstating probation, and further found that instead of doing what he was supposed to have done while on probation, defendant immediately had gone back to using drugs. Therefore, the court lifted the suspension of defendant's prison sentence and ordered the sentence be executed in each matter. The court clarified, and counsel agreed, that defendant's conviction for a violation of section 4573.5 was not eligible for sentencing to county jail instead of state prison under section 1170(h). Therefore, the court remanded defendant to the custody of the sheriff for delivery to the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.
Defendant timely appealed but did not obtain a certificate of probable cause.
IFailure to Reinstate Probation
Defendant contends the trial court abused its discretion in declining to reinstate probation because all of his crimes and probation violations were a result of his chemical dependency. We reject the contention.
" 'A denial or a grant of probation generally rests within the broad discretion of the trial court and will not be disturbed on appeal except on a showing that the court exercised its discretion in an arbitrary or capricious manner.' [Citation.] A court abuses its discretion 'whenever the court exceeds the bounds of reason, all of the circumstances being considered.' [Citation.] We will not interfere with the trial court's exercise of discretion 'when it has considered all facts bearing on the offense and the defendant to be sentenced.' [Citation.]" (People v. Downey (2000) 82 Cal.App.4th 899, 909–910.)
Appellant contends the court should have reinstated probation based on the recommendation of Siggins that defendant should be placed in long-term residential treatment because he was " 'bottoming out' " and would not receive proper drug treatment in prison. The court reviewed defendant's lengthy criminal history, his repeated probation violations, the recommendations of the probation report, the reports and recommendations of Cassady and Siggins, defendant's own testimony, and the arguments of counsel and found that defendant had four separate criminal proceedings initiated against him in the course of one year, and except for the initial case, all involved independent criminal charges that also amounted to violations of defendant's probation in the pending actions. Defendant's repeated failure to comply with the terms of his probation supports the court's conclusion that defendant was no longer a suitable candidate for probation. (People v. Jones (1990) 224 Cal.App.3d 1309, 1316.) Therefore, the court's refusal to reinstate probation as recommended by Siggins was not an abuse of discretion.
Defendant contends the disparate treatment under section 1170(h) of those convicted under section 4573 (knowingly bringing a controlled substance or paraphernalia for consuming a controlled substance into a custodial facility) and section 4573.5 (knowingly bringing alcohol or noncontrolled substances and paraphernalia for consuming such substances into a custodial facility) violates the equal protection clauses of the United States and California Constitutions because a person convicted of violating section 4573 is eligible to be sentenced to county jail whereas a person convicted of violating section 4573.5 is sentenced to state prison.
We find no rational basis to support the exclusion of section 4573.5 from punishment pursuant to section 1170(h) (i.e., incarceration in county jail instead of state prison) when similarly situated violators of section 4573 are punished pursuant to section 1170(h). Therefore, we find the sentencing scheme for section 4573.5 violates the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution and article I, section 7 of the California Constitution, and we modify defendant's judgment accordingly.4
A. The Relevant Statutes
1. The 2011 Realignment Legislation
The Legislature enacted the 2011 Realignment Legislation addressing public safety (Realignment Legislation) to address a fiscal emergency and public safety by "[r]ealigning low-level felony offenders who do not have prior convictions for serious, violent, or sex offenses to locally run community-based corrections programs․" (Stats.2011, ch. 15, § 229; see id. at § 638; see also People v. Guillen (2013) 212 Cal.App.4th 992, 995.) "Realignment 'shifted responsibility for housing and supervising certain felons from the state to the individual counties.' [Citation.] Felons eligible to be sentenced under realignment now serve their terms of imprisonment in local custody rather than state prison. [Citations.]" (People v. Montrose (2013) 220 Cal.App.4th 1242, 1246.)
In conjunction with the Realignment Legislation, the Legislature added section 1170(h). (Stats.2011, ch. 361, §§ 6, 7, 18.) This newly added subdivision provides in pertinent part that "a felony punishable pursuant to this subdivision where the term is not specified in the underlying offense shall be punishable by a term of imprisonment in a county jail for 16 months, or two or three years" (§ 1170(h)(1)) and "a felony punishable pursuant to this subdivision shall be punishable by imprisonment in a county jail for the term described in the underlying offense" (§ 1170(h)(2)). The Legislature simultaneously amended the default sentencing provision, section 18, so that criminal punishment, where not otherwise provided, is in state prison for 16 months, two years, or three years "unless the offense is punishable pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170," in which case, imprisonment is in county jail. (Stats.2011, ch. 15, § 230.)
2. Sections 4573 and 4573.5
As amended by the Realignment Legislation, section 4573 provides that "any person, who knowingly brings ․ into ․ any county ․ jail ․ any controlled substance, ․ any device, contrivance, instrument, or paraphernalia intended to be used for unlawfully injecting or consuming a controlled substance, is guilty of a felony punishable by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or four years." 5 (Stats.2011, ch. 15, § 491.) Thus, a person convicted of violating section 4573 is sentenced to county jail for two, three, or four years. (§ 1170(h)(2).) Prior to amendment, those convicted of violating section 4573 could be sentenced to state prison for the same term, "two, three, or four years." (Stats.1990, ch. 1580, § 2, pp. 7554–7555.)
In contrast, section 4573.5 was not amended by the Realignment Legislation; this section continues to provide that "[a]ny person who knowingly brings into any ․ county ․ jail ․ any alcoholic beverage, any drugs, other than controlled substances, in any manner, shape, form, dispenser, or container, or any device, contrivance, instrument, or paraphernalia intended to be used for unlawfully injecting or consuming any drug other than controlled substances ․ is guilty of a felony." 6 Both prior to the Realignment Legislation and now, violators may be sentenced to state prison for 16 months, two years, or three years pursuant to the default sentencing provision of section 18.
In sum, prior to the Realignment Legislation, violations of section 4573.5 were punished less severely than violations of section 4573: 16 months, two years, or three years in state prison as opposed to two years, three years, or four years in state prison. Since the enactment of the Realignment Legislation, violations of section 4573.5 are punished more severely than violations of section 4573: 16 months, two years, or three years in state prison as opposed to two years, three years, or four years in county jail.7 It is this disparate treatment that defendant claims violates equal protection principles.
B. Equal Protection Analysis
" 'The equal protection guarantees of the Fourteenth Amendment and the California Constitution are substantially equivalent and analyzed in a similar fashion. [Citations.]' [Citation.] We first ask whether the two classes are similarly situated with respect to the purpose of the law in question, but are treated differently. [Citation.] If groups are similarly situated but treated differently, the state must then provide a rational justification for the disparity. [Citation.]" (People v. Lynch (2012) 209 Cal.App.4th 353, 358.)
1. The "Similarly Situated" Requirement
" 'The first prerequisite to a meritorious claim under the equal protection clause is a showing that the state has adopted a classification that affects two or more similarly situated groups in an unequal manner.' [Citations.]" (People v. Hofsheier (2006) 37 Cal.4th 1185, 1199 (Hofsheier ).) This concept " ' "compels recognition of the proposition that persons similarly situated with respect to the legitimate purpose of the law receive like treatment." ' [Citation.]" (In re Eric J. (1979) 25 Cal.3d 522, 531.)
Defendant contends that persons convicted of violating section 4573.5 are similarly situated to those convicted of violating section 4573 because both crimes involve bringing contraband into a custodial facility. The Attorney General argues violators of the two sections are not similarly situated because the statutes codify two "different crimes" that involve different elements: one involves controlled substances, and the other expressly excludes controlled substances. The California Supreme Court rejected a similar argument in Hofsheier.
Hofsheier involved a claim that the lifetime sex offender registration requirement mandatorily imposed on those convicted of oral copulation with a minor (§ 288a, subd. (b)(1)) and not mandatorily imposed on those convicted of sexual intercourse with a minor (§ 261.5) violated federal and state equal protection principles. (Hofsheier, supra, 37 Cal.4th at pp. 1199–1200.) The Supreme Court disagreed with the Attorney General's blanket contention that "persons who commit different crimes are not similarly situated," because such an absolute rule would permit the state to "arbitrarily discriminate between similarly situated persons simply by classifying their conduct under different criminal statutes." (Id. at p. 1199; see also Lawrence v. Texas (2003) 539 U.S. 558, 582–585 [156 L.Ed.2d 508, 528–530].) Instead, the court looked to the prohibited conduct and determined both crimes "concern[ed] sexual conduct with minors" and "[t]he only difference between the two offenses is the nature of the sexual act." (Hofsheier, supra, 37 Cal.4th at p. 1200.) Therefore, the court concluded violators of the two statutes were " 'sufficiently similar to merit application of some level of scrutiny to determine whether distinctions between the two groups justify the unequal treatment.' (People v. Nguyen [ (1997) ] 54 Cal.App.4th [705,] 715.)" (Hofsheier, at p. 1200.)
Here, the two offenses involve knowingly bringing contraband into a custodial facility, and the only distinction between the two offenses is the nature of the contraband brought into the facility, i.e., controlled and noncontrolled substances. We conclude the persons convicted of committing these two crimes are similarly situated and we must determine whether that distinction justifies unequal punishments.
2. The Rational Relationship Test
"In resolving equal protection issues, the United States Supreme Court has used three levels of analysis. Distinctions in statutes that involve suspect classifications or touch upon fundamental interests are subject to strict scrutiny, and can be sustained only if they are necessary to achieve a compelling state interest. Classifications based on gender are subject to an intermediate level of review. But most legislation is tested only to determine if the challenged classification bears a rational relationship to a legitimate state purpose." (Hofsheier, supra, 37 Cal.4th at p. 1200.) Here, defendant contends "[t]he disparate treatment of sections 4573 and 4573.5 by section 1170 does not survive the rational relationship test."
" ' " '[A] statutory classification that neither proceeds along suspect lines nor infringes fundamental constitutional rights must be upheld against equal protection challenge if there is any reasonably conceivable state of facts that could provide a rational basis for the classification.' " ' " (Hofsheier, supra, 37 Cal.4th at pp. 1200–1201.) "The rationale must be 'plausible' [citation] and the factual basis for that rationale must be reasonably conceivable [citation]." (Id. at p. 1201, citing Warden v. State Bar (1999) 21 Cal.4th 628, 644–645.) While "it is irrelevant whether the perceived reason for the challenged distinction actually motivated the Legislature, equal protection 'does require that a purpose may conceivably or "may reasonably have been the purpose and policy" of the relevant governmental decision maker' ( [Nordlinger v. Hahn (1992) 505 U.S. 1, 15 [120 L.Ed.2d 1]] ) and that 'the relationship of the classification to its goal is not so attenuated as to render the distinction arbitrary or irrational.' (Id. at p. 11.) Thus, ․ we must undertake ' " ' "a serious and genuine judicial inquiry into the correspondence between the classification and the legislative goals" ' " ' [citation] by inquiring whether ' "the statutory classifications are rationally related to the 'realistically conceivable legislative purpose[s]' [citation]"․ and ․ by declining to "invent[ ] fictitious purposes that could not have been within the contemplation of the Legislature․" ' [Citation.]" (Hofsheier, supra, 37 Cal.4th at p. 1201; see also Newland v. Board of Governors (1977) 19 Cal.3d 705, 711 (Newland ) and Fein v. Permanente Medical Group (1985) 38 Cal.3d 137, 163.)
3. Asserted Rational Grounds for the Statutory Distinction
We now inquire whether there is a rational basis for imposing a state prison sentence on someone, such as defendant, convicted of violating section 4573.5 but imposing a county jail sentence on someone convicted of violating section 4573. In asserting such a rational basis exists, the Attorney General poses two potential grounds for the distinction: (1) penal institutions are under a greater threat from uncontrolled substances because they are "more readily available, easily concealable, and vastly obtainable" and can come into institutions in "greater quantities and more frequently"; and (2) possession of the controlled substances is already punishable as a crime, so the threat of a state prison term would not be as effective a deterrent as a further jail term, while possession of noncontrolled substances is not otherwise criminal and therefore a prison sentence presents a stronger deterrent factor for those criminals. We find neither posed rationale reasonably conceivable.
The Attorney General first submits that "the Legislature could reasonably assume" that penal institutions are under a greater threat from uncontrolled substances because they are "more readily available, easily concealable, and vastly obtainable" and can come into institutions in "greater quantities and more frequently." The Attorney General cites no evidence supporting this proposition. However, "the absence of empirical evidence does not dictate the result. We must still determine whether the asserted rationale for the statutory distinction at issue rests on 'plausible reasons,' or on 'reasonably conceivable' facts that could provide 'rational' grounds for the classification [citation], and not upon 'fictitious purposes' that the Legislature could not have contemplated [citation]." (Hofsheier, supra, 37 Cal.4th at p. 1203.) We doubt the Legislature could reasonably assume that a can of beer (not a controlled substance as described in Health & Saf.Code, §§ 11054–11058) is a greater threat to a correctional facility than is a thimble of cocaine (controlled substance pursuant to Health & Saf.Code, §§ 11054, subd. (f)(1), 11055, subd. (b)(4), (6)), nor can we comprehend how it would be easier for a person to conceal a carton of cigarettes (not a controlled substance as described in Health & Saf.Code, §§ 11054–11058) than a joint of marijuana (controlled substance pursuant to Health & Saf.Code, § 11054, subd. (d)(13)). Thus, the Attorney General's speculative proposed rationale appears to be a " 'fictitious purpose[ ]' " that the Legislature could not have contemplated.
The legislative scheme in place prior to the Realignment Legislation, which punished bringing controlled substances into a correctional facility more severely than uncontrolled substances, lends support to our analysis. (See Stats.1990, ch. 1580, § 2, pp. 7554–7555 [amending section 4573 to make a violation of that section "punishable by imprisonment in the state prison for two, three, or four years" instead of the 16–month, two-year, or three-year term that previously applied].) 8 The Legislature at that time declined to similarly increase the punishment for a violation of section 4573.5. Indeed, as initially proposed, Senate Bill No. 2863 would also have increased the punishment for alcohol and noncontrolled substances to two, three, and four years, but the Legislature explicitly rejected that increase in punishment in a subsequent amendment to the bill. (Compare Sen. Bill No. 2863 (1989–1990 Reg. Sess.) as introduced Mar. 2, 1990, § 2 with Sen. Bill No. 2863 (1989–1990 Reg. Sess.) as amended Apr. 26, 1990, § 2; see also Stats.1990, ch. 1580, § 3, p. 7555.) Instead, Senate Bill No. 2863 in its final form was enacted to confront the concern that drugs were being brought into prisons by visitors and by employees of the Department of Corrections. (Assem. Pub. Safety Com., Republican Analysis of Sen. Bill No. 2863 (1989–1990 Reg. Sess.) Aug. 28, 1990, p. 1.) From this legislative history we must conclude the Legislature considered controlled substances a more abhorrent problem in custodial facilities than alcohol or noncontrolled substances; the Attorney General has presented no empirical data or other evidence to indicate the Legislature would think any differently now, nor can we perceive any reason the Legislature would so drastically change its perspective.
Further, there is nothing to indicate the Legislature reassessed the comparative threat these two violations imposed when it enacted the Realignment Legislation. Rather, it appears the intent of the Legislature in enacting the Realignment Legislation was to make all felony offenses subject to section 1170(h) unless the offense otherwise specifies imprisonment, which section 4573.5 does not. (See Sen. Rules Com., Off. of Sen. Floor Analyses, 3d reading analysis of Assem. Bill No. 109 (2011–2012 Reg. Sess.) March 17, 2011, p. 2, ¶ 1["[T]his bill amends Penal Code section 18 to provide that every offense declared to be a felony where the punishment does not specify imprisonment, as enumerated, shall be punishable pursuant to [subdivision h] in Penal Code section 1170, concerning determinate sentencing."].) 9 Thus, we decline to accept the Attorney General's first proposed rationale.
The Attorney General's second proposed rationale is that a county jail term is a more effective deterrent than state prison to prevent someone from bringing controlled substances into a custodial facility (§ 4573) because possession of those substances is already a criminal offense (see Health & Saf.Code, §§ 11350, 11364), whereas a prison sentence poses a stronger deterrent against bringing otherwise lawfully possessed substances into a custodial setting (§ 4573.5).10 The Attorney General argues a review of the crimes in title 5 of part 3 of the Penal Code (Offenses Relating to Prisons and Prisoners) evidences a legislative distinction in the application of section 1170(h) between acts that are lawful outside the custodial setting and acts that are unlawful regardless of the setting such that acts that are lawful outside the custodial setting are punishable in state prison.
We are not persuaded. At the outset, the Attorney General's contention belies logic: how can county jail be a greater deterrent than state prison for some criminal activity (that would be criminal regardless of the setting) but not for other criminal activity (that is only criminal when it happens in a custodial setting)? Further, a comprehensive review of title 5 demonstrates that violent felonies committed in a custodial setting are generally subject to state prison sentences (§§ 4500–4501.1, 4503, 4530, 4532),11 whereas most nonviolent felonies committed in a custodial setting are punished by county jail sentences (§§ 4502 [possession, manufacture, or attempted manufacture of weapon], 4550 [rescue of prisoner], 4573, 4573.6 [possession of controlled substances or paraphernalia for the consumption thereof], 4573.9 [sale of controlled substances ], 4574 [bringing weapons into custodial facility], 4600 [destruction of jail or prison facility or property] ). The only exceptions to this category are sections 4571 [entry into custodial facility or adjacent land by a felon], 4573.5, and 4573.8 [possession of drugs, alcohol, or paraphernalia for the consumption of drugs], which are all punishable in state prison.
Contrary to the Attorney General's analysis, some of the nonviolent felonies punishable in county jail do punish conduct that would be lawful outside a custodial setting, e.g., possession, sale, or furnishing of weapons (§§ 4502, 4574), and state prison is a punishment for some conduct that is illegal in any setting (§ 4573.8 [possession of drugs] ). Therefore, the Attorney General's proffered rationale that the Legislature uses state prison as a deterrent for crimes not punishable in noncustodial settings and county jail sentences as a deterrent for crimes that are only punishable in custodial settings does not withstand scrutiny.
Based on our analysis, it appears the differences in language between sections 4571, 4573.5, and 4573.8 and the other nonviolent felony offense statutes in title 5 of the Penal Code do not reflect a thoughtful effort to distinguish between different offenses but are simply a legislative oversight. Prior to the Realignment Legislation, the other nonviolent felony statutes included the phrase "in the state prison" while sections 4571, 4573.5, and 4573.8 did not include that phrase. The Realignment Legislation amended sections 4502, 4550, 4573, 4573.6, 4573.9, 4574, and 4600 to replace "in the state prison" with "pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170." Rather than signaling a distinction between these two categories of nonviolent felonies, this was simply a failure of the Legislature in the drafting of the Realignment Legislation to identify sections 4571, 4573.5, and 4573.8 as similar statutes in need of amendment. Such an oversight cannot be supported on any rational basis. (See Newland, supra, 19 Cal.3d at pp. 712–713 [statutory classification lacking rational relationship to legitimate state purpose violates equal protection even when it results from legislative oversight].)
Accordingly, we find that the disparate application of section 1170(h) to section 4573 and not to section 4573.5 violates the equal protection principles codified in the Fourteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution and in article I, section 7 of the California Constitution.
C. Equal Protection Remedies
"When a court concludes that a statutory classification violates the constitutional guarantee of equal protection of the laws, it has a choice of remedies." (Hofsheier, supra, 37 Cal.4th at p. 1207.) Here, defendant contends we should order that he serve his sentence in county jail; the Attorney General contends the Legislature would likely prefer us to impose state prison sentences for all related statutes (chapter 3 of title 5 of part 3 of the Penal Code). "In choosing the proper remedy for an equal protection violation, our primary concern is to ascertain, as best we can, which alternative the Legislature would prefer." (Hofsheier, supra, 37 Cal.4th at p. 1207, citing Kopp v. Fair Pol. Pratices Com. (1995) 11 Cal.4th 607, 651 and Hayes v. Superior Court (1971) 6 Cal.3d 216, 224.) Here, the Legislature has stated its intent that all felonies lacking specific imprisonment terms be punishable pursuant to section 1170(h). (See Sen. Rules Com., Off. of Sen. Floor Analyses, 3d reading analysis of Assem. Bill No. 109 (2011–2012 Reg. Sess.) as amended March 17, 2011, p. 2, ¶ 1.) Therefore, we conclude the Legislature would prefer that section 4573.5 be reformed to make reference to the sentencing provisions of section 1170(h).
The judgment is modified to reflect that defendant's sentence of five years four months is to be served in county jail instead of state prison. The trial court is ordered to prepare an amended abstract of judgment and to forward a certified copy thereof to the Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation. As modified, the judgment is affirmed.
We concur:
1. Section 1170(h) was subsequently amended in 2012. (Stats.2012, ch. 43, § 27.) However, that amendment did not alter any of the statutory language pertinent to our analysis. Therefore, we refer herein to section 1170(h) without regard to the 2012 amendment because the cited language is the same in the former and the amended section 1170(h).
2. Undesignated statutory references are to the Penal Code.
3. Defendant initially claimed ineffective assistance of counsel based on counsel's failure to object to the imposition of a prison sentence but abandoned this contention in his reply brief.
4. The absence of a certificate of probable cause generally acts as a bar to a challenge of the validity of a plea. (§ 1237.5, subd. (b); People v. Smith (2001) 24 Cal.4th 849, 852; People v. Panizzon (1996) 13 Cal.4th 68, 74–78.) And defendant's failure to object to the imposition of the sentence at trial would usually result in a forfeiture of the contention, even where constitutional rights are involved. (See, e.g., People v. Alexander (2010) 49 Cal.4th 846, 880, fn. 14; People v. Burgener (2003) 29 Cal.4th 833, 860–861, fn. 3.) However, assuming defendant's equal protection argument is correct, the court imposed an unauthorized sentence, which may be corrected at any time. (Smith, supra, 24 Cal.4th at p. 852; see also People v. Karaman (1992) 4 Cal.4th 335, 348–349 & fn. 15.) Therefore, we address defendant's claim on the merits.
5. Related sections 4573.6 (possession of controlled substances or related paraphernalia in a custodial facility) and 4573.9 (selling, furnishing, or administering controlled substances in a custodial facility) were similarly amended to refer to section 1170(h). (Stats.2011, ch. 15, §§ 492, 493.) Section 4573.6 historically imposed, and currently imposes, two, three, or four years as potential punishment, like section 4573; section 4573.9 has imposed, and continues to impose a sentence of two, four, or six years. (§§ 4573.6, 4573.9; Stats.2011, ch. 15, §§ 492, 493.)
6. Section 4573.8 (possession of drugs, alcohol, or drug paraphernalia in a custodial facility) was not amended by the Realignment Legislation either. This section imposes the same potential punishment as section 4573.5. (§§ 18, 4573.8.)
7. A sentence to county jail is distinctly different from a sentence to state prison. (In re Anderson (1968) 69 Cal.2d 613, 663–664, fn. 15.) Further, a longer term may be a lesser punishment depending on the type of detention imposed, i.e., county jail or state prison. (See Ex parte Nichols (1896) 110 Cal. 651, 653–654 [juvenile detained to reform school for longer term does not receive greater punishment than adult sent to state prison or county jail for lesser term because conditions of detention are so different]; see also In re Kapperman (1974) 11 Cal.3d 542, 548 [noting "significant differences between county jails and state prisons with regard to rehabilitation facilities and programs" as identified in McGinnis v. Royster (1973) 410 U.S. 263, 270–271 [35 L.Ed.2d 282, 289].) Finally, persons confined in county jail may have their sentences reduced by half if they do not refuse to work or violate any rules or regulations, whereas those sentenced to state prison may only earn sentence credits by working in a qualified program. (Compare § 4019, subds. (b), (c) with §§ 2931, 2933–2933.2.) Thus, a two-year term in state prison may be a harsher sentence than a three-year term in county jail.
8. The provisions of chapter 3 of part 3 of title 5 relating to possessing drugs, alcoholic beverages, and weapons in, or bringing them into, custodial facilities were all added or amended by the Legislature in 1990 so that sections 4573, 4573.6, and 4573.9 contained lengthier enumerated state prison sentences while sections 4573.5 and 4573.8 contained the then default punishment of 16 months, two years, or three years in state prison codified in section 18. (Stats.1990, ch. 1580, §§ 2–6, pp. 7554–7557.)
9. Note: Date is the date of the analysis.
10. We note the punishment for simple possession of a controlled substance is generally a county jail term and not a state prison sentence. (See Health & Saf.Code, § 11350, subds. (a), (b) [possession of a controlled substance punishable "pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 of the Penal Code"].)
11. Though nonviolent escapes from prison are also punishable by a state prison term. (§ 4530, subd. (b).)
THE COURT:


The parliamentary Finance Committee, discussed on Saturday, with new banks managers save public money waste.
The Committee said in a statement "trend" I got a copy of it, "the President of the parliamentary Finance Committee Faleh Sari met with executives of new banks, after assuming office as managers are practicing at several Iraqi banks, to discuss the Banking Act sent by the Secretariat to the Cabinet."
Applicable stressed that "these meetings aim to walk according to draft reforms also there to regulate the banks and prevent tampering."
He was discussing the most important banking issues and address problems that contribute to save Iraqi liquidity waste being public money maintains the unmonitored.
The parliamentary Finance Committee met Saturday, with new bank managers to discuss save public money waste.
According to a statement by informing the parliamentary citizen block, that 'parliamentary Finance Committee Chief Faleh Sari met with executives of new banks, after assuming office as managers are practicing at several Iraqi banks, to discuss the Banking Act sent by the Secretariat to the Cabinet.
He stressed that ' these meetings meant to walk according to draft reforms also there to regulate the banks and prevent tampering.
He 'was discussing the most important banking issues and address problems that contribute to save Iraqi liquidity waste being public money maintains the unmonitored country'.


Not to be confused with Functional medicine.
A functional disorder is a medical condition that impairs normal functioning of bodily processes that remains largely undetected under examination, dissection or even under a microscope. At the exterior, there is no appearance of abnormality. This stands in contrast to a structural disorder (in which some part of the body can be seen to be abnormal) or a psychosomatic disorder (in which symptoms are caused by psychological or psychiatric illness). Definitions vary somewhat between fields of medicine.
Generally, the mechanism that causes a functional disorder is unknown, poorly understood, or occasionally unimportant for treatment purposes. The brain or nerves are often believed to be involved. It is common that a person with one functional disorder will have others.
Whether a given medical condition is termed a functional disorder depends in part on the state of knowledge. Some diseases, including epilepsy, schizophrenia, and migraine headaches were once considered functional disorders, but are no longer generally classified that way.
^ Natelson, Benjamin H. (1998). Facing and fighting fatigue: a practical approach. New Haven, Conn: Yale University Press. p. 33. ISBN 0-300-07401-8.
This page was last edited on 1 November 2018, at 15:56 (UTC).


We opened Sparrow's Nest and the number of kids has been growing daily. The first day we had three kids. They all came from the same homeless community on the river front. The next day more from the community came and the next day even more. We learned that news spread in that little community about our day shelter. The ring leader of the group's name is Him. He is an eleven year old boy who sure knows to test our patients but it is a joy to have him there every day.
A few days before the shelter opened he was walking by and saw what we were doing. Him, walks the city of Phnom Penh all day long collecting recyclables for money. Sparrow's Nest is over an hour walk away from his river front community. Larissa, the founder of Sparrow's Nest, asked him if he wanted to come to the shelter. He plainly stated that he couldn't. When Larissa asked why he said if he comes his mom will die. Larissa didn't have to ask why his mother would die she understood. Him and a lot of the kids in his situation have to collect recyclables to make money for their families to survive. They walk the sheets with a hug bag and go through dumpsters looking for trash. Jesse the other day had a boy try to grab a full diet coke right out of his hand in order to recycle it! If Him doesn't make enough money for his family his mother will die from lack of food or medicine or whatever Him's money goes towards for his mother. We promised Him that if he could come at least for part of the day, we will start bringing the recyclables from home and give it to him to take home. This way he can at least be there to study some English, Khmer, and hear the Bible principle for that day. Him and his now posse of kids have been coming everyday.
On Saturday nights our group splits up and goes to two locations in the city. We were praying about where the second location should be. After a week of Sparrow's Nest being opened, and realizing that most of our kids were coming from the same community we decided to make that one of our location for street ministry on Saturday nights. Last Saturday we arrived to meet the parents and let them know and ask if we could come every Saturday night. They were more than happy to welcome us into their community. Their homes we on gravel with blue tarps as their roofs. No walls, no bathrooms, and most of them had little clothes. Him and the rest of the kid's faces lit up as they heard our plans to visit them every Saturday night at their homes.
I left there with a sense of sadness and a sense of joy. Sadness because I was able see the conditions of living that our kids come from everyday. And joy to know that God can work in any community. These kids don't need much and they are happy with the very little they have. Less than half of them had never even heard the name Jesus. We get to share that good news with them and their families. Please pray with us as we are praying for broken addictions (many of the kids sniff glue and drugs are readily available to everyone), for that little community to accept us and become our Cambodian family, and for that water front community to come to Jesus.
Thank you again for your support. I hope the story of Him and his community encourages you.


So you've just gotten your business up and running, and now the time has come to work on your marketing campaign to get the word out. If you choose to work with a marketing expert or consultant, be sure that you're prepared for a lot of talk about the huge potential your business has.
While it's good to be excited about your prospects, it's also important that you stay grounded and realistic, which means ignoring a lot of the lies or half-truths you'll hear from marketers.
you found their organization or services. There's no such thing as a single magic trick for marketing success. Good marketing takes time, patience and planning.
For example, there are many marketing professionals that will talk all day about how radio is dead, or about how print marketing has gone the way of the dodo, but the fact is that you can't simply ignore whole marketing tactics, because their success varies depending on the type of business and how you intend to use it. People who try to tell you that certain marketing tactics no longer work are likely trying to limit your choices to what they can sell you.
If you're spending money on something, you'd better be able to evaluate how successful it is, otherwise it's a waste of money. People who use lines like this are simply trying to remove responsibility from themselves for the success of your marketing campaign.
The fact is, there are no guarantees in marketing, ever. Marketing professionals who truly want to help you will never promise you the world—they'll be realistic with what you can expect, be upfront about what may or may not work and promise you that they'll do their best to help you find a strategy that works for your business. But you should never expect guaranteed success for any marketing endeavor.
Be on the look out for these marketing lies—it's easy to get caught up in the big-talking nature of these quotes, but it's important to stay level headed when you're determining how to spend your money on marketing.


text:
General News: JioPlay Review: Good service, let down by poor interface - Printable Version
+- Indian DTH Community Forums (https://www.indiandth.in)
+-- Forum: Technology & Web Services (https://www.indiandth.in/Forum-Technology-Web-Services)
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+--- Thread: General News: JioPlay Review: Good service, let down by poor interface (/Thread-General-News-JioPlay-Review-Good-service-let-down-by-poor-interface)
JioPlay Review: Good service, let down by poor interface - nairrk - 07-05-2016
[Image: DevtYin.jpg]
Reliance Jio recently started its 4G LTE and VoLTE services in select cities across India. Along with the promise of faster and more affordable Internet connectivity, the company is also banking on its range of content services to differentiate itself from the competition. These services include JioMoney digital wallet, JioBeats music streaming service and JioOnDemand movie streaming service among others. Today, we're taking a closer look at JioPlay, the live TV streaming service.
JioPlay is set to go against already available services from NexGTV, YuppTV and DittoTV apps. As of now, JioPlay service is offered for free to Jio subscribers, but there is no word on the subscription charges after the trial period ends
JioPlay features
The JioPlay app gives you an access to 291 live TV channels, including 41 HD (high-definition) channels too. You can watch your favorite shows in 15 regional languages including – Assamese, Bangla, Bhojpuri, English, Hindi, Gujarati, Marathi, Kannada, Malayalam, Nepali, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Telugu and Urdu.
JioPlay also has some nifty options that are missing out from its competitors, one of which is TV recording option. Just in case you're not around to watch your favorite TV show or you're smartphone's battery is running out, this feature could come in handy. For instance, if you are heading out for dinner and don't want to miss out on a show that airs at 8PM, you can record it for viewing later. On the daily TV guide, tap on the show, and tap on the circular icon with dot to record it. There is also a notification option here, which will alert you when your favorite show is about to start.
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As the recording is linked with your account and is stored on the cloud, it won't eat up space on your phone. On select channels, episodes are recorded for the past seven days by default. So, just in case you miss out on a couple of episodes, you can watch them later.
When watching TV shows, you get two options – catch-up and live. For instance, say the episode starts at 8PM and you tune in at 8:10PM, the streaming will start from the beginning. On the extreme right of the seek bar, you will have a button called 'live' tapping on which it will directly jump to the current live streaming.
JioPlay app interface
Reliance has gone with a very simple interface, but it is very average, and not as sleek and intuitive as its competitors. Navigating through the menus is pretty simple, but I had issues getting around, mostly due to the lag in the interface. However, this could be because of the entry-level LYF Flame smartphone that I have, which has poor touch response.
When you start JioPlay for the first time, you will be guided through different features of the service. You will also have to create a user ID and password, but Jio users can skip the process and directly jump right into the app. On the homepage page, you have hamburger menu icon on the top left, JioPlay logo in the middle and search button on the right. Just below this bar, you have filters to choose all channels, HD channels only, favorites, language and categories. There is also a TV guide below this where you can check the schedule of TV shows for the next and past seven days.
On the home screen, swiping from the left to right brings menu tabs for favorites, recents, recording, settings, support and logout option. The swipe animation is pretty slow, and I had to swipe it a couple of times to bring up the options. Recordings tab shows all the recorded shows, settings menu lets you choose languages, whereas recents shows you the TV channels that you recently viewed.
[Image: XjcxxHi.jpg]
The main screen shows a list of channels on the left side and the shows that are 'now playing' on the right. You can drag the sheet to the left or right to look at the shows that are coming up or the ones that have ended. Here, tapping on the channel icon plays the live TV show, whereas tapping on the show that has ended, plays the repeat telecast. The benefit here is that, unlike your TV with a cable or DTH connection, JioPlay lets you watch your favorite TV shows at your leisure, without waiting for the channel's repeat telecast.
The video player interface is minimalist. You get the play/pause and seek buttons in the center, and the lock screen button on the top left to lock control buttons and orientation to avoid accidental touches. The video player in a small window (and can be moved across the screen), or you can play it on full screen in landscape mode.
[Image: BGdU5z2.jpg]
DittoTV and YuppTV apps have much cleaner and intuitive interface compared to JioPlay. On the top, YuppTV has tabs to quickly watch News, Gossip (Bazaar), LiveTV, Catch-up and Movies. Also, the app interface doesn't lag as the one on JioPlay. The DittoTV app, on the other hand, has tiles for each show that is playing on live TV. The top bar also has quick links for search, catch-up TV and live TV channels. Navigating through the menu options on both YuppTV and DittoTV is much easier compared to JioPlay. Below is how the home screen of all the apps looks like (from left to right – JioPlay, YuppTV and DittoTV).
[Image: lTGASbB.jpg]
Jio has managed to get good number of channels onboard with HD feeds of popular entertainment channels such as Star Plus, Zee TV, Colors, Sony, Sony Six, Zee Cinema, Romedy Now HD, Movies OK, Star Gold HD and more. Sports lovers would be glad to know that JioPlay includes StarSports HD 1, HD 2, HD 3, HD 4, Ten 1 HD, Neo Prime, Neo Sports and Sony ESPN among others.
Talking about competition, DittoTV offers all the TenSports channels, including Ten1, Ten2, Ten3 and TenGolf, whereas the same sports channels are missing from YuppTV. Entertainment channels such as ColorsHD, ZeeTVHD, SabTV and ZeeCinema HD, are present on DittoTV, but missing from YuppTV. Purely, from the wide number of accessible channels, JioPlay takes the lead here.
To test the JioPlay app, I also installed its competitors including the YuppTV and DittoTV apps. While I like the interface on competitor apps, JioPlay moves past in terms of quality – both audio and video. Also, thanks to Jio's super fast internet connectivity, I never came across buffering issues. However, I did find about 32 seconds delay in playing the content on all the streaming apps compared to live TV (DTH Tata Sky connection).
While the content is watchable in SD (standard definition) resolution, the HD (high-definition) channels do make the content lively. The difference is also clearly visible when you listen to the audio, which sounds crisp and clear. My only complaint would be about the low audio output, which could have been a little louder, both on the headphones and on the speaker.
I was also calculating the data consumption and battery drain during my testing. A 30 minutes episode with SD streaming consumed about 150MB of data, whereas on HD streaming, it consumed about 350MB of data in the same time. Also, during this one hour of live TV streaming, the battery drained from 55 percent to 12 percent.
Competition and subscription charges
NexGTV provides access to limited number of channels, with most of them being free-to-air channels and some on-demand movies from BigFlix. To access premium channels and movies, you can choose between daily and monthly packs starting from Rs 10 per day to Rs 125 per month.
Next is the YuppTV app, which is quite popular. With daily, weekly and monthly subscription packs for Rs 5, Rs 30 and Rs 99, respectively, you get access to more than 200 live TV channels in 13 different languages, and a TV guide feature too.
Then there is DittoTV, which offers access to more than 100 live TV channels, with subscription plans starting from Rs 20 a month to Rs 170 for a year. This is the most affordable of all services. (Disclosure: Ditto TV is owned by Zee Entertainment Enterprises Ltd, which is the parent company of India.com Webportal Pvt Ltd, the company that publishes BGR India.)
While YuppTV, NexGTV and DittoTV all have a website, allowing users to watch their favorite shows on their computers and laptops, the same option isn't available for JioPlay. Also, one of the biggest drawbacks of JioPlay is that it's only available for Jio users.
Overall, JioPlay is a good attempt at offering live TV streaming service to smartphone users on Jio network. Features such as TV guide, recording and access to wide range of HD channels give it an edge over competitors. However, the app interface needs fine tuning to make it smooth and intuitive. The service could get further interesting if Jio could extend the service support to watch live TV shows on PC or laptop's internet browser, like its competitors. Also, right now we don't know how much the subscription will cost.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Конкурс песни Евровидение 1969 — 14-й конкурс песни «Евровидение». Он прошёл 29 марта 1969 года в Мадриде (Испания) на сцене Королевского театра. Четыре страны — Великобритания, Испания, Нидерланды и Франция, заняли первое место, и, поскольку в то время не было никаких правил, разрешающих ничью, все они были объявлены победителями.

Франция стала первой страной, победившей на Евровидении четыре раза. Рекорд установила певица Фрида Бокарра с песней «Un jour, un enfant» («День, ребёнок»). Третью победу Нидерландам принесла Ленни Кюр, исполнившая песню «De troubadour» («Трубадур»). Шотландская певица Лулу стала второй победительницей от Великобритании. Она исполнила песню «Boom Bang-a-Bang». Испания стала первой страной, выигравшей два конкурса подряд. Вторую победу хозяевам конкурса принесла певица Саломе с песней «Vivo cantando» («Живу поючи»).

Место проведения

Мадри́д () — столица и крупнейший город Испании, а также административный центр одноимённых провинции и автономного сообщества. Крупнейший экономический, политический и культурный центр страны.

Местом проведения конкурса 1969 года стал Королевский театр. За разработку рекламного материала для конкурса отвечал знаменитый художник-сюрреалист Сальвадор Дали.

Формат
Впервые в истории конкурса на первом месте оказалось несколько песен. Поскольку в то время не было никаких правил, разрешающих ничью, этот год стал единственным без единоличного победителя. Набрав 18 баллов, победу разделили четыре страны, что создало проблему с распределением наград. Было решено вручить исполнительницам песен медали, которые были предназначены авторам. Некоторые страны, возмущённые ситуацией, решили бойкотировать конкурс 1970 года.

Участвующие страны

Австрия отказалась от участия в конкурсе 1969 года, официально, потому что не было подходящего представителя; однако существует версия, что вещатель решил бойкотировать этот конкурс, так как он проходил во Франкистской Испании.

Двенадцатилетний Жан-Жак Бортолай, представлявший Монако, стал самым молодым участником конкурса на тот момент.

Вернувшиеся исполнители
  — Луи Нефс (1967)
  — Сив Мальмквист (1960)
  — Ромуальд (1964)
  — Кирсти Спарбое (1965, 1967)
  — Симона де Оливейра (1965)

Дирижёры
Все песни сопровождались оркестром. В качестве дирижёров выступили:

  — Миленко Прохаска
  — Аугусто Альгеро
  — Аугусто Альгеро
  — Эрве Руа
  — Ноэл Килехан
  — Эцио Леони
  — Джонни Харрис
  — Франс де Кок
  — Лалс Самуэльсон
  — Франсис Бэй
  — Генри Майер
  — Эйвинн Берг
  — Ганс Блюм
  — Франк Пурсель
  — Феррер Триндаде
  — Осси Рунне

Результаты

Голосование

Трансляция
Результаты голосования от каждой страны объявляли:

  — Горданна Бонетти
  — ?
  — Рамон Ривера
  — ?
  — Джон Скехан
  — Майк Бонджорно
  — Колин Уорд-Льюис
  — Лео Неллисен
  — Эдвард Матц
  — Эжен Сенелль
  — Александр Бургер
  — Янка Поланьи
  — Ганс-Отто Грюнефельдт
  — Жан-Клод Массулье
  — Мариа Мануэла Фуртаду
  — Поппе Берг

Ссылки
 http://www.esctoday.com
 http://www.eurovision.tv

Примечания

1969 год в музыке

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sometimes, Christmas wishes bring their own special magic… A woman chasing a life-long dream. A man given a second chance at love. If one wins, the other loses. Does a stranger's scarf hold enough magic to make both their Christmas wishes come true? Missy Sherwood has always wished for one thing, to be a country singer. After trying to make it for years in Nashville, she returns to her hometown of Comfort Crossing, Mississippi, feeling like a misfit and a failure. But there's no use in telling anyone the truth just yet—she's here for longer than the holidays, she's home for good. Right? Dylan Rivers is glad to see his old friend return to town, not only to help him with the children's Christmas pageant, but because her homecoming sparks long-forgotten but never acted upon feelings. But there is no use in acting on those feelings, she's soon to head back to her fabulous career in Nashville. Right? Then a stranger comes to town and has Missy re-examining her dreams. She gets one final chance, and her life-long wish is within her grasp. Is there really magic in the stranger's scarf, or is it in the power of knowing her heart's true wish?
A nice holiday romance of coming home, having faith, and realizing that your dream path has changed. The author captures the Christmas spirit in this clean, sweet romance.
Kay Correll writes stories that are a cross between contemporary romance and women's fiction. She likes her women's fiction with a healthy dose of happily-ever-after. Her stories are set in the fictional small southern town of Comfort Crossing, Mississippi. While her books are a series, each one can be read as a stand-alone story. Kay lives in Missouri and can often be found out and about with her camera, taking a myriad of photographs, often incorporating them into her book covers. When not lost in her writing or photography, she can be found spending time with her ever-supportive husband, playing with her puppies–two cavaliers and a naughty Australian shepherd, knitting, or working in her garden. Their rowdy gaggle of five boys are all grown now, not that Kay believes that males ever truly grow up, but she's fine with that.


House of Garza Presents: Action!
A Cocktail Party hosted by GARZA with special guests and local artists.
@ CAFE FLORE 2298 Market Street in the Castro.
Come show your support, learn about HIV research and the HIV vaccine trials and have some fun!


text:
Featured Sports Story Carousel
2nd half dooms HB again, fall to Souhegan
HB gets set on defense as Souhegan moves their way down the floor in Friday's game.
Nate Corsetti, Staff Writer
Cavs basketball couldn't hold on to their first half lead and lost to Souhegan at home.
Hollis Brookline High School's boys basketball team hosted Souhegan last Friday, January 22, in search of a win that would put the Cavs above .500 for the first time since January 5. Going into the contest, HB was 3-3, while Souhegan was 4-2.
Coming off of a big 72-37 win against ConVal on January 14, HB tried to build off of their momentum. They knew they faced a tough Souhegan opponent, and would have to limit their mistakes if they wanted to win the game.
As the game began, both teams played shutdown defense. Even with lots of ball movement, neither team could penetrate the other's defense and break the perimeter early in the quarter. With half of the first quarter already played, HB held a slim 4-2, showing just how strong both defenses were playing. As the quarter wound down, Souhegan's defense began to play sloppy, and HB started drawing fouls. The quarter ended with the Cavs holding the 10-5 advantage.
Unlike the first quarter, the second quarter got off to quick scoring, with both teams dropping two points within the first thirty seconds. While Souhegan continued scoring, shortening their deficit, HB struggled to add to their lead. After failing to score for over five minutes, HB's lead was shortened to 14-12, before Nick Fothergill '17 hit a three pointer with 1:23 left to play in the half. That was the end of the Cav's scoring for the half though, and Souhegan tallied three more points before the buzzer sounded. The half closed out with Hollis Brookline holding a 17-15 lead.
While tight defense and aggressive play were themes in the first half, the third quarter started out far different. Both sides had more than their fair share of air balls and turnovers, as both teams had clearly lost their first half rhythm. Souhegan soon found their groove though, and went on a 6-0 run to start the half, taking the lead 21-17. HB didn't score their first points of the half until their were 5:30 left in the third on a baseline jumper by Luther Payette '16. Hollis Brookline continued to turn the ball over though, and their deficit grew to nine with two minutes remaining. As the quarter closed out, HB scored five more points, but were losing by a score of 32-24.
The fourth quarter was more of the same, as Souhegan scored first again, this time starting with a 7-0 run. With five minutes to play, HB had fallen to a fifteen point deficit. With time winding down and the game running away, it became clear that HB wouldn't be able to recover. The Cavs used this as an opportunity to give some time on the floor to their younger players, as building for the future is a big focus this year. The game ended with Souhegan winning 51-31.
HB now stands at 3-4, but are still in a competitive place in the standings. Souhegan improved to 5-2, and stands as one of Division II's best.
Nate Corsetti, Sports Editor
Nate Corsetti '17 has a passion for sports. He's a big baseball and football fan, and he runs track, cross country, and plays baseball for HB.. He...
Girls Lax Advances to Championship
A final home hurrah: senior night for HB volleyball
Softball vs. baseball
Is preseason training helping?
Baseball and softball get new batting cage


The Membership Committee is charged with creating an environment in which the Association will provide new members with orientation and information to assist them in becoming acclimated to the IIDA organization. IIDA offers members excellent networking opportunities and tangible benefits for education, inspiration, and professional development.
IIDA membership provides you a support network that connects you to peers, clients, and educators while offering you the opportunity to advance your career through continuing education, industry recognition, and relevant research. We work for you to advocate for design excellence, legislation, leadership, accreditation, and community outreach to increase the value and understanding of Interior Design as a profession that enhances business value and positively impacts the health and well-being of people's lives every day.
IIDA works to advance the value of interior design and its practitioners as well as to cultivate leadership within the profession. By becoming a Member you are making the decision to be an informed member of the design community.
The International Design Association (IIDA) works to advance the value of interior design and its practitioners, as well as to cultivate leadership within the profession.
Learn more about your benefits as a member of IIDA New England.
IIDA has 8 levels of Membership - something for everyone committed to elevating the interior design profession.
Not sure what Membership Level you qualify for? Check out IIDA's Membership Level Chart and click through for even more information.
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Dogninades — рід совкових з підродини совок-п'ядунів який зустрічається Південній Америці та Бразилії.

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 Natural History Museum Lepidoptera genus database

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31 students of First Year and Second Year SVKM-KU BBA (Hons) were accompanied by Dr. Dimple Kaul, I/C Director and Dr. Rohit Kichloo- Asst. Professor to an International Industrial Visit to Singapore.
Students and staff reached Singapore at around 9 am in the morning. The climate was very similar to that in India, humid, but the major difference was the clean air. The ride from the airport to the hotel at Orchard Street, gave a glimpse of the beautiful and well planned city.
The journey started off with a visit to Sentosa Island around 2 pm. It is Singapore's fourth largest island. 70% of the island is covered by secondary rainforest, the habitat of monitor lizards, monkeys, peacocks, parrots as other native fauna and flora. Students enjoyed the various rides and other attractions at Sentosa and returned in the evening to have dinner at an Indian restaurant. All students and staff stayed at the same hotel.
Students and staff visited Universal studio around 11 am. Universal Studios is one of the best theme parks in the world. There are a total of 24 attractions, of which 18 are original or specially adapted for the park. Students really enjoyed at Universal studio. This was the full day trip for the students. Students and staff returned in the evening to have dinner at an Indian restaurant at 9 pm, before retiring to the hotel room.
Students and staff started with the Industrial visit to NEWater Plant. In 1998, the Public Utilities Board and the Ministry of the Environment and Water Resources initiated the Singapore Water Reclamation Study (NEWater Study). The aim was to determine if NEWater was a viable source of raw water for Singapore's needs. Using NEWater helped reduce the demand on the reservoirs for potable water. More specifically, it is treated wastewater (sewage) that has been purified using dual-membrane (via microfiltration and reverse osmosis) and ultraviolet technologies, in addition to conventional water treatment processes.
The water is potable and is consumed by humans, but is mostly used by industries requiring high purity water. The quality of NEWater consistently exceeds the requirements set by USEPA and WHO guidelines and is cleaner than Singapore's other water sources.
Following this, students and staff went for a short city tour which included half an hour ride on the Singapore flyer, visit to Merlion Statue, Garden by the bay etc. This was followed by visit to Marina bay Sands top floor from where everyone had a view of the entire beautiful city.
A full day seminar for SVKM- KU students was organised by Aventis Business School, Singapore from 10 am to 5 pm on this day. Mr. Samuel Teo-CEO, Aventis Business School welcomed the students and staff of SVKM and informed us that Aventis regularly organises public lectures, featuring leaders from various disciplines to educate the public. The school had invited Prof. Aloysius Lee-an international speaker to conduct the full day seminar on "Essences of Marketing". Printed hand-outs of the topics covered in seminar, pens and paper were provided to all students to refer to and to take notes on.
The students were served refreshments during the seminar at Aventis. The students left the business school at scheduled time after which they had free time for shopping around Orchard Street.
The overall experience was informative, educative and enjoyable and this experience shall be cherished by all students.


I'm not big on Christmas traditions, but every year I look forward to taking pictures of the Bergdorf Goodman holiday windows. While they have creative windows year-round, the holiday ones are particularly special. They make you feel festive without overt red and green displays or holiday props.
Most of the pictures I have are of the five main windows on 5th Avenue. While all three sides of the building have interesting windows, these five are the most elaborate. Sometimes I include pictures of the ones on 58th, such as the 17th century music room from 2005.
The pictures span 2004-2012, with breaks in 2006, 2009, and 2010 for various real-life reasons. For most years, I link to albums with some teaser thumbnails, but 2004's pictures are a slideshow at the bottom. There's around 200 total, so enjoy!
2012's theme was the BG Follies, and the aesthetic was closer to 1930s glamor this year than the Baroque of past years. The overall image was eye-catching, but models in the forefront were emphasized and the backgrounds were less patterned. It was harder this year to take close-up pictures of whimsical objects which couldn't be easily traced to a window, as I could in past years.
2011's theme was the Carnivale of the Animals: The Brass Menagerie, Breaking the Ice, Testing the Waters, Teacher's Pets, and Artists and Models. Teacher's Pets was particularly fun to photograph.
2008's theme was the four seasons–Spring and Winter are particularly whimsical. Compared to other years, 2008's windows have a really narrow color palette, which is interesting since it's tempting to define seasons by their obvious colors. Instead, the windows all fall into a cream-grey color scheme and the different fashions and objects set the mood.
2007's theme was The Elements. The dinosaur tango and gingerbread parlor, reminiscent of 2005's china parlor, are my favorite.
2005 and 2004 are the strongest windows in my opinion. The china window is particularly inventive, and the black and white one reminds me of Edward Gorey.
2004 didn't fit on Flickr, so you can click on the images to have a full-sized slideshow here. I was still figuring out how to use a camera, so some have more glare, but I think the Venetian carnival window is still my favorite display across all years. Also like the lighting on the winter wonderland gate.
This entry was posted in Transmog and tagged Bergdorf Goodman, BG follies, Carnival of the Animals, holiday windows by Perculia. Bookmark the permalink.
i am obsessed with this womens work…they are magical and a little terrifying at the same time…nice to know that there are true talents out there to inspire us all.


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Favorable employment forecasts for financial management jobs make this an ideal time to act. Financial advisor positions are expected to grow 32 percent between 2010 and 2020, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS); financial analyst spots should increase 23 percent during the same time frame. Speak with an Enrollment Representative today about taking advantage of the coming boom in finance.


text:
IRNA English
About Iran
https://en.irna.ir/news/84383212/
News Code 84383212
Journalist ID: 1006
News Code: 84383212
Iranian Newspapers
Headlines in Iranian English-language dailies on June 27
Tehran, IRNA - The following headlines appeared in English-language newspapers in the Iranian capital on Sunday:
*** IRAN DAILY
-- Sanctions have worst effects on EB patients
The sanctions imposed by the US and Western countries on Iran have not only created livelihood problems for many families but they have their worst effects on people suffering from epidermolysis bullosa (EB), also known as butterfly patients, and have caused several deaths.
Although the problems faced by EB patients have been temporarily solved with the arrival of a shipment of the wound dressings needed by them, concerns about the issue still remain and have become the main difficulties faced by families of such patients.
Hamid Reza Hashemi Golpaygani, the founder and managing director of Iran EB Home Foundation, told Iran Daily that US unilateral withdrawal from Iran's 2015 nuclear deal, also known as JCPOA, and the escalation of sanctions against the country caused the problems to arise.
He added that contrary to the claims of US officials who say that foods and medicines are not subject to sanctions, the move has created many difficulties for those in charge of providing treatments for EB patients.
-- Tehran attracted over $1.2b in foreign funds last year: Official
Tehran Province attracted over $1.2 billion in foreign investments in the form of 27 contracts, pertaining to the same number of projects, in the previous Iranian calendar year, which ended on March 20, said the director general of the Economic Affairs and Finance Department of the Iranian capital.
Farzaneh Dehnadi told IRNA that in the same year, the province managed to rank first in the country in terms of foreign fund attraction and a number of approved foreign investment projects.
-- Koshti ba chookheh, a ritual wrestling performed in North Khorasan Province
Wrestling has always been a major interest for Iranian people, and there are many myths and legends that would indicate the power by a wrestling match. Even today, Iranians take pride of national wrestling team in Olympics and international championships.
As part of Iran's history and identity, it is imaginable that there should be different styles of wrestling in this country, and surprisingly there are about 20 styles, which are different from internationally known freestyle and Greco-Roman wrestling. Today we want to introduce one of these wrestling styles, called koshti ba chookheh.
*** KAYHAN INTERNATIONAL
-- Iran Begins Sputnik V Production
The production of Sputnik V, a vaccine for the coronavirus developed by Russia, began at an Iranian company on Saturday.
In a ceremony attended by Iranian Health Minister Saeed Namaki, the production of Russia's Sputnik V vaccine under license started in Iran on Saturday. The Iranian producer, Actoverc, is a major pharmaceutical and food factory in the region.
-- Iran's Women Win Gold at ISSF World Cup
Iran have won a gold medal in the women's 10m air rifle of the International Shooting Sport Federation (ISSF) World Cup. Najmeh Khedmati, Armina Sadeghian and Fatemeh Karamzadeh defeated Russia 16-2 in the final match.
Hungary beat Austria 16-10 in the bronze-medal match. On Thursday, Iranian shooter Javad Foroughi had won a gold medal in the men's 10m air pistol. More than 600 athletes from 61 countries have participated in the competition in Osjek, Croatia.
-- Iraq's Hashd al-Sha'abi Marks 7th Establishment Anniversary
Iraq's anti-terror resistance group Popular Mobilization Units (PMU), also known as Hashd al-Sha'abi, has held a military parade in the eastern Diyala province to mark the seventh anniversary of its formation.
The parade began on Saturday morning at the Abu Montazer al-Muhammadavi base, northeast of provincial capital Baqubah, with PMU commanders, government officials and martyrs' families as well as religious, cultural and social figures in attendance.
It is the first military parade by the resistance group involving infantry, combat and support units.
*** TEHRAN TIMES
-- Construction of mega petrochemical complex begins in southwestern Iran
Iran's Persian Gulf Petrochemical Industries Company (PGPIC) has started the construction of a mega petrochemical complex in the Mahshahr region, southwestern Iran, Shana reported on Saturday.
The groundbreaking ceremony of the mentioned project was attended by senior petrochemical officials including the PGPIC Managing Director Jafar Rabiei, and the project's managing director Mehdi Gharouni. Speaking at the ceremony, Rabiei noted that this complex is the biggest petrochemical complex in Mahshahr Petrochemical Special Economic Zone and when completed it will provide direct job opportunities for 5,000 people.
-- Iran warns U.S. diplomat over meddlesome remarks
After interfering remarks by Dorothy Shea, the U.S. ambassador in Beirut, the Iranian embassy criticized the U.S. diplomat for his intrusive remarks, warning that the arrival of Iranian fuel tankers does not need approval from U.S. authorities.
"Arrival of Iranian tankers in Beirut does not need worthless remarks of the U.S. ambassador. The U.S. ambassador should not interfere in the fraternal relations between the two countries and the two nations of Iran and Lebanon," the embassy tweeted in response to the U.S. ambassador.
-- Soleyman Prison: a conical peak with fascinating history
Soleyman Prison ("Zendan-e Soleyman" in Persian) is situated in a dramatic 97m conical peak that dominates the valley landscape for miles around in northwest Iran. Though there is no construction visible to modern sightseers, the cone was once enclosed by fortified walls and topped by a religious sanctuary that archaeologists suggest dated to 900 BC.
As an avid visitor, if you are reasonably fit, climbing to the crater's edge should take less than 15 minutes. The path is muddy but obvious, zigzagging up from the nearby Takab road about 4km south of the main Takht-e Soleyman ruins.
6125**9417
Follow us on Twitter @IrnaEnglish
Iranian Dailies
Tehran, IRNA - The following headlines appeared in English-language newspapers in the Iranian…
SocietyRussian official: Pres. Raisi to give lecture at Russian Duma
Moscow, IRNA – Deputy Chairman of State Russian Duma Aleksandr Zhukov announced here on Monday that the Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi is scheduled to speak at the Duma on his upcoming visit to Moscow Thursday.
PoliticsIran reiterates support for territorial integrity in Syria
Tehran, IRNA – Ali Asghar Khaji, a senior aide to Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amirabdollahian, said on Saturday that Iran supports the efforts of the United Nations to strengthen national sovereignty and territorial integrity in Syria.
PoliticsBeijing, Tehran speed up implementing 25-year agreement
Tehran, IRNA - Amid celebrating the 51st anniversary of establishing diplomatic ties, China and Iran accelerate implementation of the Iran-China 25-year cooperation program, which can pave the ground for expanding all-out ties.
PoliticsIran official proposes formation of countries' union against sanctions
Tehran, IRAN - Iran's Vice-President for Economic Affairs Mohsen Rezaei has proposed formation of a union with participation of the resistant countries against the sanctions and the excessive demands of the bullying powers.
SocietyIran president eases COVID curbs as deaths fall
Tehran, IRNA - Iranian President Ebrahim Raisi allowed an ease to the restrictions caused by the outbreak of the coronavirus disease as the numbers of cases and deaths in the country are falling.
SocietyModerate quake hits southern Iran
Kerman, IRNA – An earthquake measuring 5.1 on the Richter scale jolted Sirch in the suburbs of Kerman, southern Iran on Saturday.
PoliticsFM terms Iran-China agreement as win-win
Tehran, IRNA - Iranian Foreign Minister Hossein Amirabdollahian said the 25-year cooperation agreement between Tehran and Beijing will have strategic approach.
SocietyHeadlines in Iranian English-language dailies on Jan 16
Tehran, IRNA - The following headlines appeared in English-language newspapers in the Iranian capital on Sunday, January 16, 2022:
SocietyDoha-Shiraz flight lands in Isfahan Airport
Isfahan, IRNA – Doha-Shiraz Flight had to land in Isfahan International Shahid Beheshti Airport on Sunday morning due to bad weather in its destination.
PoliticsFM spox urges Washington to decide on remaining topics in Vienna Talks
Tehran, IRNA - Iranian foreign Ministry Spokesman Saeed Khatibzadeh said many of the tables and columns in Vienna talks have been prepared and some of the parentheses have been removed, adding that Washington should make its decision on the important and political issues.
Raisi's visit to Russia to open new chapter in mutual ties
ECO Cultural Institute hosts Romania cultural night
Iran official holds talks with German, Dutch envoys on Iranian nationals' rights
Capacity exists for direct transit with Russia through Caspian Sea: Official
Tehran-Damascus discuss dispatching Iranian pilgrims to Syria
Iran FM discusses bilateral ties with Nigerien counterpart
Headlines in Iranian English-language dailies on Jan 18
Iran's envoy continues JCPOA-related discussions in Vienna
Iranian FM discusses agri-product export with Russian counterpart
Russian official: Pres. Raisi to give lecture at Russian Duma
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Annual Visual Arts BFA exhibit spotlights work created under COVID conditions
April 8, 2021 - John Threlfall
Graduating Visual Arts student Nick Patterson, exhibition chair for the 2021 BFA exhibition, The End. Credit: John Threlfall
Even during a normal year, it can be a challenge for visual arts students to complete their degree requirements and present a finished body of creative work while also planning the annual BFA grad show—a student-organized public exhibition which normally attracts hundreds to campus.
This year, however, graduating students have had to grapple with both creating work under strict COVID conditions and the uncertainty of whether a physical exhibition would be permitted. The bad news? Less than a month before the exhibit's opening date, student curators were informed that a public show would not be possible—but the good news is, they'll be shifting it online for viewing by anyone, anywhere.
Graduating Visual Arts student Grace Dillon, promotion committee representative for the 2021 BFA exhibition, The End. Credit: John Threlfall
While this year's BFA exhibition is titled The End, don't assume that's a doom-and-gloom reflection on being the pandemic class of '21. "It's almost sarcastic calling this The End, but it feels like a specific kind of world has ended," says exhibition chair Nick Patterson. "We're passing through the threshold into something new and different."
Given the uniquely hands-on, often collaborative, nature of their program, Visual arts was among the few departments permitted to run in-person this past academic year: 46 percent of their classes were offered on-campus from September to April, thanks to rigorous safety protocols.
Graduating Visual Arts honours student Zoë Joyall. Credit: John Threlfall
"People have been working really hard to still make the work they want," says graduating honours student Zoë Joyall. "There are many [of us] in the graduating class who make installations or performance-based work, which is directly impacted by COVID precautions and regulations. I feel really grateful that we do have the space to come together as a group, as a community . . . people who are doing school entirely on Zoom don't have the same connections we are lucky enough to have."
Patterson agrees. "There are fewer opportunities to work together because of the restrictions, and yet we are still putting forth our best—and that is really inspiring to me," he says. "There is definitely a feeling that we are part of something special."
The online exhibition The End will feature work by 30 graduating students, ranging from painting, sculpture, photography and drawing to digital media, installations, multimedia and more.
"It has been a privilege and inspiration to see the students rally behind their vision with endless determination and a tremendous sense of community," says supervising visual arts professor Jennifer Stillwell. "Any limitations have only inspired innovation."
Graduating Visual Arts student Jasper Van Alderwegen, head of curation for the 2021 BFA exhibition, The End. Credit: John Threlfall
As with any exhibition, subject matter will vary by individual artist. "I think a lot of the work deals with not just COVID, but working through trauma," says head of curation Jasper Van Alderwegen. "Identity and mental health are huge themes, [as are] the end of isolation or an exploration of identity."
Rather than discouraged, recent JCURA recipient and head of documentation Jamie Oosterhuis feels "incredibly inspired" by the work being exhibited in The End. "If you want to feel a sense of creativity and optimism during a time when everything feels very bleak—if you want to feel that connection to others in the arts community—that's why you should view this show," she says. "The End of a chapter means a new beginning."
Graduating Visual Arts student and JCURA recipient Jamie Oosterhuis, head of documentation for the 2021 BFA exhibition, The End. Credit: John Threlfall
That's a sentiment with which Stillwell agrees. "Even though the exhibition marks 'the end' of their degree program, spotlighting that moment in time will allow them to start the next scene—I am more than confident this next generation of visual artists will do so."
The annual BFA graduation exhibition, The End, will run online starting April 27. See theendexhibition.ca.
Keywords: arts, student life, convocation, visual arts, COVID
People: Nick Patterson, Zoë Joyall, Jennifer Stillwell, Jasper Van Alderwegen, Jamie Oosterhuis
Exhibition celebrates great dance of life
A new exhibition at UVic's Legacy Art Gallery explores Indigenous Governance scholar Devi Mucina's roots as an Indigenous Chewa man while honouring his African ancestors and culture.
Engaging in decolonization as a settler
UVic Director of Ceremonies Ian Case reflects on his experiences as a settler, leading the Farquhar auditorium to engage in the Voices in Circle decolonization initiative.
Camera ready
UVic alumni contribute talent, technical and creative power to Victoria's burgeoning film industry.
HIV research and art intersect
HIV In My Day, a community-based oral history project that gathered the stories of HIV survivors and caregivers during the early years of BC's HIV/AIDS epidemic, has been adapted into a play. In My Day will premiere in Vancouver at The Cultch theatre, the day after World AIDS Day. The play takes its script from almost 120 oral history interviews collected from 2017 to 2020 as part of a University of Victoria-led research project.
Browse Fine Arts
Faculty of Fine Arts


This is a very rare and beautiful travel poster designed by Otto von Hanno to promote the summer in Norway. Hanno was a famous theater painter, but also worked as an illustrator and poster designer. The poster has a tiny loss of paper that does not affect the image. Otherwise in great condition.
According to the National Library in Stockholm this poster is dated 1936.


Named after the 'father of neurology', Jean Martin Charcot, who first discovered the neurological condition Multiple Sclerosis (MS) in 1868, Charcot is a surface pattern design label inspired by MS.
From her own MRI scans , taken in the lead up to her diagnosis of MS in 2007, designer Kirsty Stevens uses the shapes created by harmful lesions on her brain as source material. Under the Charcot brand Kirsty creates beautiful patterns and designs that turn this negative into an unrecognisable positive, incorporating them in high-end design.
As MS is mostly and unknown and unseen condition, Kirsty aims to make it visible by printing and etching various materials, giving it impactful permanence that leads to questions about what MS is and raises MS awareness.


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org.apache.fop.afp

Class AFPResourceInfo

java.lang.Object
  org.apache.fop.afp.AFPResourceInfo

public class AFPResourceInfo
extends java.lang.Object

The level at which a resource is to reside in the AFP output

Field Summary

static AFPResourceLevel
DEFAULT_LEVEL

          the general default resource level

Constructor Summary

AFPResourceInfo()

Method Summary

 boolean
equals(java.lang.Object obj)

 java.awt.Dimension
getImageDimension()

          Returns an optional image dimension (in page coordinates).

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          Returns the resource level

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          Returns the resource reference name

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          Sets the resource level

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          Sets the data object URI.

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Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, finalize, getClass, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

DEFAULT_LEVEL

public static final AFPResourceLevel DEFAULT_LEVEL

the general default resource level

Constructor Detail

AFPResourceInfo

public AFPResourceInfo()

Method Detail

setUri

public void setUri(java.lang.String uri)

Sets the data object URI.

Parameters:
uri - the data object URI

getUri

public java.lang.String getUri()

Returns the URI of this data object.

Returns:
the URI of this data object

setImageDimension

public void setImageDimension(java.awt.Dimension dim)

Sets an optional image dimension (in page coordinates). This is only used if
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Parameters:
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getImageDimension

public java.awt.Dimension getImageDimension()

Returns an optional image dimension (in page coordinates). This is only used if
 a page segment is created for this resource as page segments cannot be rescaled
 for painting.

Returns:
the image dimension (or null if not applicable)

setName

public void setName(java.lang.String resourceName)

Sets the resource reference name

Parameters:
resourceName - the resource reference name

getName

public java.lang.String getName()

Returns the resource reference name

Returns:
the resource reference name

getLevel

public AFPResourceLevel getLevel()

Returns the resource level

Returns:
the resource level

setLevel

public void setLevel(AFPResourceLevel resourceLevel)

Sets the resource level

Parameters:
resourceLevel - the resource level

levelChanged

public boolean levelChanged()

Returns true when the resource level was set

Returns:
true when the resource level was set

toString

public java.lang.String toString()

equals

public boolean equals(java.lang.Object obj)

hashCode

public int hashCode()

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Copyright 1999-2010 The Apache Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


We offer proper insulation services for new construction, meeting or exceeding code standards. Our technicians use the utmost detail and care to ensure the most energy-efficient insulation, to keep heating bills low!
Putting thought into the foundation of your home will serve you for years to come. A well-insulated home will increase the value and continue to pay you in energy savings long down the road. Your monthly heating bill serves as a reminder and reward for your decision.


Samsung delivers 1TB of exceptionally fast storage in this brand new Solid State Drive.
Graphisoft has updated its flagship BIM modelling tool, ArchiCAD, with a host of 'themed' new features and enhancements. BIM lives in the details.
The AEC design technology market has a handful of key software developers; Autodesk, Bentley and Nemetschek are the main volume players. However since the mid 2000s Trimble, best known as a GPS provider, has acquired its way to compete with the established players.
Autodesk is firmly in the groove of yearly updates, with mid-cycle additional features for those with subscription. However, all is not as it seems.