text:
US8514179B2 - Handheld electronic communication device having an age compensating display - Google Patents
Handheld electronic communication device having an age compensating display Download PDF
handheld electronic
Jason Tyler Griffin
BlackBerry Ltd
2010-12-23 Application filed by BlackBerry Ltd filed Critical BlackBerry Ltd
2011-03-01 Assigned to RESEARCH IN MOTION LIMITED reassignment RESEARCH IN MOTION LIMITED ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GRIFFIN, JASON TYLER
2016-03-07 Assigned to BLACKBERRY LIMITED reassignment BLACKBERRY LIMITED CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: RESEARCH IN MOTION LIMITED
H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
H04B1/3827—Portable transceivers
H04B1/3888—Arrangements for carrying or protecting transceivers
H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers; Analogous equipment at exchanges
H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
H04M1/0206—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings
H04M1/0208—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings characterized by the relative motions of the body parts
H04M1/0235—Slidable or telescopic telephones, i.e. with a relative translation movement of the body parts; Telephones using a combination of translation and other relative motions of the body parts
H04M1/0241—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings using relative motion of the body parts to change the operational status of the telephone set, e.g. switching on/off, answering incoming call
H04M1/0245—Portable telephones comprising a plurality of mechanically joined movable body parts, e.g. hinged housings using relative motion of the body parts to change the operational status of the telephone set, e.g. switching on/off, answering incoming call using open/close detection
H04M1/22—Illuminating; Arrangements for improving visibility of characters on dials
A method and handheld electronic device for compensating for differential aging of display screen on a handheld electronic device wherein in a first position a first portion of the display screen is hidden from view while a second portion of the display screen is viewable, and in a second position the first portion and the second portion of the display screen are viewable. Over time, relative illumination durations of the first and second portions are tracked and based on the relative illumination durations, a relative degree of illumination of one or both of the first portion and the second portion are adjusted when the display screen is in the second position to compensate for differential aging between the first and second portion.
FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY
The present disclosure relates to electronic devices, including handheld electronic communication devices having a display that is subject to differential aging.
Electronic devices, including handheld electronic communication devices, have gained widespread use and may provide a variety of functions including, for example, telephonic, electronic text messaging, personal information manager (PIM) application functions, mobile web browsing, and audio and video playback, among other things. Sliding displays are sometimes used on electronic devices.
In environments where regions of a display screen are illuminated differently, differential aging of the display screen regions can occur over time.
Embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the attached Figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a simplified block diagram of components including internal components of a handheld electronic communication device according to an example embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an example of a handheld electronic communication device including a display assembly in a retracted position;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2 showing the display assembly in an extended position;
FIG. 4A is a front view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2 showing the display assembly in the retracted position;
FIG. 4B is a back view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2 showing the display assembly in the retracted position;
FIG. 4C is a right side view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2 showing the display assembly in the retracted position;
FIG. 4D is a left side view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2 showing the display assembly in the retracted position;
FIG. 5A is a front view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2 showing the display assembly in the extended position;
FIG. 5B is a back view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2 showing the display assembly in the extended position;
FIG. 5C is a right side view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2 showing the display assembly in the extended position;
FIG. 5D is a left side view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2 showing the display assembly in the extended position;
FIG. 6A is a front view of a display assembly of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6B is a back view of the display assembly of FIG. 6A;
FIG. 6C is a side view of the display assembly of FIG. 6A;
FIG. 7 is an exploded side view of a housing of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2;
FIG. 8 is a front view of a front housing member of the housing of FIG. 7;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a base of the housing of FIG. 7;
FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2, taken along lines X-X of FIG. 4A;
FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view of the handheld electronic communication device of FIG. 2, taken along lines XI-XI of FIG. 4B;
FIG. 12 is a back view of a further example of a handheld electronic communication device, showing the display assembly in the retracted position;
FIG. 13 is a back view of a further example of a handheld electronic communication device, showing the display assembly in the retracted position; and
FIG. 14 is an example flowchart of a method for compensating for differential aging of a sliding display on a handheld electronic device.
It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, where considered appropriate, reference numerals may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements. In addition, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the example embodiments described herein. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the example embodiments described herein may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the example embodiments described herein. Also, the description is not to be considered as limited to the scope of the example embodiments described herein.
According to an example aspect is a method for compensating for differential aging of a display screen on a handheld electronic device, wherein in a first position a first portion of the display screen is hidden from view while a second portion of the display screen is viewable, and in a second position the first portion and the second portion of the display screen are viewable, comprising: tracking over time relative illumination durations of the first and second portions; and based on the relative illumination durations, adjusting a relative degree of illumination of one or both of the first portion and the second portion when the display screen is in the second position to compensate for differential aging between the first and second portion.
According to another example aspect is a handheld electronic device that includes: a first assembly; a display assembly including a display screen, the display assembly and first assembly being movable relative to each other between a first position in which a first portion of the display screen is hidden from view by the first assembly while a second portion of the display screen is viewable and a second position in which both the first portion and second portion are viewable; a processor configured to control operation of the display screen; a position sensor for providing position information to the processor indicating if the display assembly and first assembly are in the first position or the second position; the processor being configured to disable illumination of the first portion of the display screen and enable illumination of the second portion of the display screen when the position information indicates the first position, and enable illumination of both the first and second portions when the position information indicates the second position, the processor being configured to track over time relative illumination durations of the first portion and the second portion and adjust, in dependence on the tracked relative illumination durations, a relative degree of illumination of one or both of the first portion and the second portion to compensate for differential display screen aging.
According to an example aspect is a method for compensating for differential aging of a movable display screen on a handheld electronic device, the display screen being movable between a retracted position and an extended position, wherein in the retracted position a first portion of the display screen is hidden from view while a second portion of the display screen is viewable, and in the extended position the first portion and the second portion of the display screen are viewable. Relative illumination durations of the first and second portions are tracked over time, and based on the relative illumination durations, a relative degree of illumination of one or both of the first portion and the second portion are adjusted when the display screen is in the extended position to compensate for differential aging between the first and second portion.
According to an example aspect is a handheld electronic device comprising: a housing defining a cavity; a display assembly slidably mounted to the housing and comprising a display screen on a front face thereof, the display assembly being slidable between a retracted position and an extended position, wherein in the retracted position a lower portion of the display screen is received within the cavity and an upper portion of the display screen is viewable outside of the cavity, and in the extended position the lower portion and the upper portion of the display screen are viewable outside of the cavity; a processor configured to control operation of the display screen; and a position sensor for providing display assembly position information to the processor indicating if the display assembly is in the retracted position or extended position. The processor is configured to disable illumination of the lower portion of the display screen and enable illumination of the upper portion of the display screen when the display assembly is in the retracted position, and enable illumination of both the upper and lower portions when the display assembly is in the extended position, the processor being configured to track over time relative illumination durations of the lower portion and the upper portion and adjust, in dependence on the tracked relative illumination durations, a relative degree of illumination of one or both of the lower portion and the upper portion when the display assembly is in the extended position to compensate for differential display screen aging.
Referring first to FIG. 1, a block diagram of components of the handheld electronic communication device 100 is shown. The handheld electronic communication device 100 includes multiple components such as a processor 102 that controls the operations of the handheld electronic communication device 100. Communication functions, including data and voice communications, are performed through a communication subsystem 104. Data received by the handheld electronic communication device 100 is decompressed and decrypted by a decoder 106. The communication subsystem 104 receives messages from and sends messages to a wireless network 150. The wireless network 150 may be any type of wireless network, including, but not limited to, data-centric wireless networks, voice-centric wireless networks, and dual-mode networks that support both voice and data communications over the same physical base stations. In some examples, wireless network 150 is a conforms to one or more of the following wireless network types: Mobitex Radio Network, DataTAC, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication), GPRS (General Packet Radio System), TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access), CDPD (Cellular Digital Packet Data), iDEN (integrated Digital Enhanced Network), EvDO (Evolution-Data Optimized) CDMA2000, EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution), UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunication Systems), HSPDA (High-Speed Downlink Packet Access), IEEE 802.16e (also referred to as Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access or "WiMAX), or various other networks. In some examples, wireless network 150 includes a wireless network which, in some embodiments, conforms to IEEE 802.11x standards (sometimes referred to as Wi-Fi) such as, for example, one or more of the IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b, 802.11g and 802.11n standards. Other communication protocols may be used for the network 150 include for example IEEE 802.20 (also referred to as Mobile Wireless Broadband Access). In some examples communication subsystem 104 could include two or more communications subsystems for communicating with two or more different types of wireless networks—for example a wireless wide area network communication subsystem for EDGE or GPRS communications and a wireless local area network communication subsystem for Wi-Fi communications. The handheld electronic communication device 100 is a battery-powered device and includes a battery interface 142 for receiving one or more rechargeable batteries 144.
The processor 102 also interacts with additional subsystems such as a Random Access Memory (RAM) 108, a flash memory 110, a display 112 with a touch-sensitive overlay 114 connected to an electronic controller 116 that together comprise a touch-sensitive display 118, an input device such as keyboard 120, an optional navigation device 122, an auxiliary input/output (I/O) subsystem 124, a data port 126, a speaker 128, a microphone 130, short-range communications 132 (which for example could include a Bluetooth™ interface or infrared interface, among other things) and other device subsystems 134. User-interaction with the graphical user interface may be performed through the touch-sensitive overlay 114. The processor 102 interacts with the touch-sensitive overlay 114 via the electronic controller 116. Information, such as text, characters, symbols, images, icons, and other features that may be displayed or rendered on a handheld electronic communication device, are displayed on the touch-sensitive display 118 via the processor 102. The processor 102 may also interact with an accelerometer 136 as shown in FIG. 1. The accelerometer 136 may include a cantilever beam with a proof mass and suitable deflection sensing circuitry. The accelerometer 136 may be utilized for detecting direction of gravitational forces or gravity-induced reaction forces. Although the touch-sensitive display 118 is described as comprising a display 112 and an overlay 114, the touch-sensing components may overlay the display 112 or, alternatively, may be integrated into the display 112.
The display 112 comprises one or more display devices which allow an upper and a lower portion of the display to be separately or concurrently illuminated. In one example, the display 112 is an organic light emitted diode (OLED) device having pixels that can be selectively illuminated in groups or individually. In another example, the display 112 is a liquid crystal display (LCD) with light-emitting diode (LED) backlighting which can selectively illuminate individual or clusters of pixels. In yet another example, the display 112 is an LCD with two or more cold cathode fluorescent lamps (CCFLs) to provide selective backlighting for two or more sections of the display 112. Notwithstanding these examples, the display can comprise any type of device or combination of devices that can make up separately illuminatable display regions.
The display 112 is also configurable to emit different levels of brightness or degrees of illumination. The degrees of illumination of the upper and lower portions of the display 112 can be separately controlled by the processor 102. In some examples, depending on the type of display device being used, the relative degrees of illumination may be changed by adjusting the brightness, the contrast, the color balance or a combination of these factors.
To identify a subscriber for network access according to the present embodiment, the handheld electronic communication device 100 uses a Subscriber Identity Module or a Removable User Identity Module (SIM/RUIM) card 138 inserted into a SIM/RUIM interface 140 for communication with a network such as the wireless network 150. Alternatively, user identification information may be programmed into the flash memory 110.
The handheld electronic communication device 100 also includes an operating system 146 and software components 148 that are executed by the processor 102 and are typically stored in a persistent store such as flash memory 110. Additional applications may be loaded onto the handheld electronic communication device 100 through the wireless network 150, the auxiliary I/O subsystem 124, the data port 126, the short-range communications subsystem 132, or any other suitable device subsystem 134.
In use, a received signal such as a text message, an e-mail message, or web page download is processed by the communication subsystem 104 and input to the processor 102. The processor 102 then processes the received signal for output to the display 112 or alternatively to the auxiliary I/O subsystem 124. A subscriber may also compose data items, such as e-mail messages, for example, which may be transmitted over the wireless network 150 through the communication subsystem 104. For voice communications, the overall operation of the handheld electronic communication device 100 is similar. The speaker 128 outputs audible information converted from electrical signals, and the microphone 130 converts audible information into electrical signals for processing.
Referring to FIGS. 2, 3, 4A-4D and 5A-5D views of an example of the handheld electronic communications device 100 are shown. The handheld electronic communication device 100 includes a first assembly such as a housing assembly 200 having a longitudinal axis and a sliding display screen assembly 202 that is mounted to the housing to slide axially between a first or retracted position as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4A-4D and a second or extended position as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5A-5D. The housing assembly 200 includes a base 210 and a keyboard support member 224 in which a plurality of forward facing user input keys 216 of the keyboard 120 are disposed. A cavity 218, as best seen in sectional view of FIG. 10, and indicated by dashed reference line in FIGS. 2 and 3, is defined between a front surface of the base 210 and a back surface of the keyboard support member 224. The sliding display assembly 202 includes a display screen 204 (which in one example includes display 112 and touch sensitive overlay 114) on its front face. The display screen 204 has a first or lower portion 220 and a second or upper portion 222. When the display assembly 202 is in the retracted position as shown in FIG. 2, the lower portion 220 of the display screen 204 is received within the cavity 218 of housing assembly 200 underlying the keyboard support member 224 such that the lower portion 220 is hidden from view, and the upper portion 222 of the display screen 204 extends from an open end of the cavity 218 and is exposed and viewable from a front of the device. When the display assembly 202 is in the extended position as shown in FIG. 3, the lower portion 220 of the display assembly is positioned out of the cavity 218 such that both the lower portion 220 and the upper portion 222 of the display screen 204 are viewable.
The sliding display assembly 202 may in at least some examples enable a compact size for the handheld electronic communication device 100 when the display assembly is retracted while providing a larger viewable display screen area when the display assembly is extended. The keyboard 120 is exposed and fully accessible from a front of the handheld electronic communication device 100 when the display assembly 202 is in both the retracted and extended positions.
The housing assembly 200 and the display assembly 202 may both house components of the handheld electronic communication device 100, including the components described and shown in FIG. 1. Referring to FIGS. 6A-6C, an example of the display assembly 202 will now be explained in greater detail. The display assembly 202 has a first or lower terminal end 230 that is received within the housing cavity 218 at least when the display assembly 202 is in the retracted position, and a second or upper terminal end 232 at its opposite end. The display assembly 202 has a substantially planar front face 226 which includes a viewable surface of the display screen 204, an opposite facing back face 228 and longitudinal side edges 242 and 244. The back face 228 is substantially planar over most of the length of the display assembly 202, however the upper terminal end 232 defines an enlarged boss portion 234 that has a back face that is spaced further back from the display assembly front face 226 than the rest of the back face 228. In one example, the enlarged boss portion 234 houses an optical sensor 236 that faces outward from the back face of the display assembly 202 for capturing one or both of photo or video image data. A flash or illuminator 238 may also be housed in the enlarged boss portion 234 for illuminating objects that are the subject of image capture by the optical sensor 236.
As can be seen in the retracted position back view of FIG. 4B and the extended position back view of FIG. 5B, in at least some examples the optical sensor 236 and illuminator 238 are concealed by the housing assembly 200 when the display assembly 202 is in its retracted position, but are exposed when the display assembly 202 is in its extended position.
Referring again to FIGS. 6A to 6C, in the illustrated example, device speaker 128 is housed in the enlarged boss portion 234 at the upper end 232 of the display assembly 202, and is oriented to output sound from the upper end 232 of the front face 226. In some examples, a sliding assembly member 240 is provided on the back face 228 of the display assembly 202 for slidably mounting the display assembly to a front face of the housing base 210.
Referring to FIGS. 7-9, an example of the housing assembly 200 will now be explained in greater detail. As noted above, the housing assembly 200 includes a base 210 and a keyboard support member 224. In one example, the keyboard support member 224 is part of a front housing unit 208. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 9, base 210 has substantially planar front face 252 with a first or lower section 246 and a second or upper section 248. The front face of the base lower section 246 is arranged in spaced opposition to the keyboard support member 224 to form cavity 218, and the base upper section 248 extends from the first section 246 beyond the open end of the cavity 218. The front face of upper section 248 faces the back face 228 of the display assembly 202. In some examples of handheld communication device 100, many of the components of the device shown in FIG. 1 are located within the base 210 including for example the main processor 102, RAM 108, memory 110, and communication subsystems 104 and 132. In one example, microphone 130 is located at a lower end of the base as illustrated in FIG. 9. An opening or slot 250 (see FIG. 8) may be provided in a lower end of the front housing unit 208 in alignment with the microphone 130. One or more antennas of one or both of the communications subsystem 104 and 132 may also be positioned at or near the lower end of the base 210. In some example embodiments, one or more data ports 126 and auxiliary I/O interfaces 124 can be provided on side edges of the base 210. For example, as seen in FIG. 4D, a data port 126 in the form of a USB port and an I/O interface 124 in the form of an audio/microphone jack are provided on a side edge of the upper section of base 210. As seen in FIG. 4C, physical user input buttons such as volume control buttons 253 that are operatively connected to the processor 102 can also be located on side edges of the base 210.
Referring again to FIG. 9, a slider assembly member 254 can be provided on the front face 252 of the base 210. The slider assembly member 254 of the base 210 cooperates with the slider assembly member 240 of the sliding display assembly 202 to collectively provide a sliding assembly 256 (FIG. 10) that slidably connects the display assembly 202 to the base 210. Any different number of known sliding assembly configurations could be used to implement sliding assembly 256, including but not limited to slider assemblies that incorporate one or both of springs and or electric motors to assist in moving the sliding component and retaining the sliding component in a desired position. In at least some examples a flex connector 260 extends between the base 210 and the sliding assembly 256 to provide an electrical link between components housed within the display assembly 202 and components housed within the base 210. In some example configurations, other communications links could be provided between base components and display assembly components, including for example optical or RF links.
One or more position sensors 258 can be provided on the base 210 or the display assembly 202 for detecting the position of the display assembly 202 relative to the housing assembly 200. For example, a Hall effect sensor may be utilized to detect a position or positions of the display assembly 202 relative to the housing assembly 200. According to another example, a mechanical switch or switches are used.
With reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, the keyboard support member 224 forms a lower portion of front housing unit 208 and supports keyboard 120. In one example, keyboard 120 includes a plurality of depressible alphanumeric keys 216 which may be arranged in rows and columns with a standard keyboard layout (e.g. QWERT, DVORAK, etc.). In some examples, the keyboard 120 may include a respective dome switch associated with each of the keys 216, however many different keyboard configurations could be used to implement keyboard 120.
In one example embodiment, a number of function keys 282 and a navigation device 122 are provided in a row along on the keyboard support member 120 between the keyboard 120 and the display screen. Function keys 282 are operatively connected to the processor 102 to initiate predetermined device functions such as initiate a phone call, terminate a phone call, and return to previous screen, among other things. The navigation device 122 responds to user interaction and can be used for navigating around the display screen 204, to select objects on the display screen 204 and for other purposes. The navigation device 122 can act as a cursor navigational tool and in some examples, the navigation device 122 can consist of an optically based user input device such as an optical joystick that uses an optical sensor pad 206 to detect relative movements of a finger. The optically based navigation device 122 can be used to instruct two-dimensional screen cursor movement in substantially any direction, as well as act as an actuator when the optically based navigation device 122 is depressed like a button. In some examples, where an optical sensor pad is used to implement navigation device 122, the optical sensor pad has a low profile so that it is generally flush with the front of the keyboard support member 224 and does not protrude extensively behind the keyboard support member. In some examples, navigation device 122 could alternatively be a trackball, touchpad, physical joystick, directional keys or key pad.
In an example, the front housing unit 208 includes opposed first and second sidewalls 264 and 266 that extend from the keyboard support member 224 along respective axial side edges of the upper section 248 of base 210. At the upper end of the housing unit, the sidewalls 264 and 266 are connected by a cross member 278. The cross member 278, sidewalls 264 and 266 and keyboard support member 224 collectively define a rectangular opening 280 through which the display assembly 202 can be viewed. Referring to the sectional view of FIG. 11, in one example sidewalls 264 and 266 each protrude away from the front face 252 of base 210 so that the screen assembly 202 is located between the sidewalls 264 and 266. As can be seen in FIG. 4A, when the screen assembly 202 is in its retracted position, the upper portion 222 of the display screen 204 is located between sidewalls 264 and 266 with the side edges of the screen assembly 202 concealed by sidewalls 264 and 266. In the extended position, as seen in FIG. 5A, at least part of the upper portion 222 of the display screen extends beyond the upper ends of the sidewalls 264.
Referring again to the sectional view of FIG. 11, in one example, an outer surface of the sidewall 266 together with an outer side edge surface 282 of the base 210 forms one side edge of the communication device 100 and an outer surface of the sidewall 264 together with an outer side edge surface 284 of the base 210 forms an opposite side edge of the communication device 100. In one example, along the sides of rectangular opening 280 (FIG. 8) the terminal edges 286, 288 of the sidewalls 264, 266 that face away from the front surface 252 of the base 210 are located in plane that is slightly higher than a front viewing surface of the display screen 204. In another example, along the sides of rectangular opening 280 the terminal edges 286, 288 of the sidewalls 264, 266 that face away from the front surface 252 of the base 210 are located in plane that is substantially flush with a front viewing surface of the display screen 204.
Referring again to FIGS. 7, 8 and 10, in one example the cross member 278 that extends between the upper ends of the sidewalls 264, 266 is offset back towards the base 210 relative to the sidewalls 264, 266 such that the cross member 278 is located behind the back face of the enlarged boss portion 234 of the upper end 232 of the display assembly 202. In such an example, the cross member 278 forms the upper terminal end of the housing assembly 200 and provides a recess in the housing assembly 200 for receiving the enlarged display assembly boss portion 234 when the display assembly is in its retracted position, and conceals the optical sensor 236 and illuminator 238 that are located the back face of the enlarged boss portion 234. As seen in FIGS. 4C and 4B, when the display assembly 202 is in its retracted position its upper end 232 is coterminous with the upper end of the housing assembly 200 such that the housing assembly 200 covers substantially the entire back surface of the display assembly 202.
In one example, the sidewalls 264, 268 protect the side edges of the display assembly 202 when the display assembly is in its retracted position, and also provide opposed surfaces for gripping the handheld electronic communication device 100 between the palm and fingers of a hand without interfering with movement of the display assembly. In one embodiment the sidewalls 264, 268 are respectively spaced apart such that a user can grip one side edge of the communication device 100 with fingers of a hand, grip the opposite side edge with the palm of the same hand and have the thumb free to either extend or retract the display assembly 202 or actuate the navigation device 122.
As indicated above the communication device 100 may include one or more sensors 258 that indicate one or more relative positions of the display assembly 200 to the processor 102. In examples the processor 102 is configured to modify operational characteristics of the display screen 204 in dependence on the sensed position of display assembly 200. In one example embodiment, one or more sensors 258 are used to indicate if the display screen 204 is extended with the entire viewable area of display screen 204 is visible or is retracted with the lower portion 220 of the display screen hidden from view and only the upper portion 222 visible.
In one example, where the display screen 204 is an OLED (organic light emitting diode) display or is an LCD with LED backlighting having pixels that can be selectively illuminated, when the processor 102 detects that the display assembly 204 is retracted, the processor 102 can disable the illumination of pixels that are in the lower portion 220 of the display screen 204 that is received within recess 218, while still enabling illumination of the pixels of upper display screen portion 222. In another example, where the display screen 204 is an LCD with separately illuminatable backlights, when the processor 102 detects that the display assembly 202 is retracted, the processor 102 can disable the illumination of the backlight for the lower portion 220 of the display screen 204 that is received within the recess 218 while still enabling illumination of the pixels of the upper display screen portion 222. The feature of enabling the upper portion 222 of the display screen 204 to be active while disabling the lower portion 220 of the display screen so that it is not active when retracted can in some configurations facilitate power conservation but may also result in differential aging of different portions of the display screen 204 due to the different durations of time during which the different portions are illuminated. Over time, the differential aging may result in different illumination intensities between the upper and lower screen portions if the differential is not accounted for.
Referring to FIG. 14, a method 1400 for compensating for the differential aging of the display screen 204 is illustrated. The method of FIG. 14 may for example be implemented by the processor 102 as configured by operating system software 146 or other software programs 148 or a combination thereof. In step 1405, the processor 102 is configured to track the relative durations of time for which the upper 222 and lower 220 portions of the display screen 204 are active or illuminated based on information from one or more screen position sensors 258 and clock information. In one example, the processor is configured to track the duration of time during which the screen is illuminated (e.g. when pixels on the display screen are activated to display information) and the position of the display screen 204 during these periods. As illumination of the lower portion 220 is disabled when the display assembly 202 is retracted, the relative illumination durations of the upper and lower portions can be determined from duration of time during which the display screen 204 is illuminated and extended, and the duration of time during which the display screen 204 is illuminated and retracted. One or more timers or counters can be used to measure the length of time for which the display screen 204 is illuminated and retracted, and the length of time for which the display screen 204 is illuminated and extended. The timer or counter may be implemented as hardware or software components (or combinations thereof) on the handheld electronic device 100. The timer or counter may be calibrated using external references such as a network clock signal or a GPS clock signal, for example.
In some examples, the processor 102 is configured to store in persistent memory 110 illumination information that represents the cumulative total time that the display screen 204 is active or illuminated in the extended position (such "active extended time" being representative of an illumination duration for both the upper portion 222 and the lower portion 220) and the cumulative total time that the display screen is active or illuminated in the retracted position (such "active retracted time" being representative of an illumination duration for the upper portion 222 alone while the lower portion 220 is inactive) In example embodiments, the cumulative "active extended time" and "active retracted time" totals stored in memory 110 can be updated at periodic intervals while the display screen 204 is actively displaying information, or at points when the display screen 204 goes from an active display state to an inactive or blank state, or combinations of the forgoing.
In some examples the display screen brightness or illumination level can be adjusted by a user of the device to conserve battery power or adjust for different lighting conditions. In some example embodiments, in addition to simply tracking when the display screen is active in the extended or retracted positions, the processor is also configured to factor in the brightness or illumination level during each period of illumination for the upper and lower portions 222, 220 of the display screen 204 when updating the cumulative "active extended time" and "active retracted time" totals. In this example, the illumination duration is adjusted by an illumination factor that is based on the currently set illumination level during the period of illumination. For example, if it has been determined that the display screen 204 ages 25% slower when the display is illuminated at 75% of its maximum brightness, for any period of illumination at this level of illumination, the relative illumination duration will be 25% less than the actual illumination duration. This factor by which the actual illumination duration is reduced is referred to herein as the illumination factor. In an example embodiment, the illumination factors for different levels of brightness are predetermined for an average display device and are stored in the handheld electronic device memory 110 and the illumination duration for a tracked period of illumination is adjusted by the appropriate illumination factor when updating the cumulative active extended time" and "active retracted time" totals. Alternatively, an equation for determining the illumination factor based on the configured illumination level can be used, and then the calculated illumination factor applied to adjust the illumination duration before adding the duration to the total "active extended time" or "active retracted time" as the case may be.
Referring again to FIG. 14, in step 1410, when the display screen 204 is extended as seen in FIG. 3, the processor, in step 1415, adjusts the relative degrees of illumination of one or both of the upper and lower portions 222, 220 of the display screen 204 by a compensation factor to compensate for the differential aging of the two portions to compensate for the fact that in the absence of compensation, as portions of the display screen 204 age, the effective degree of illumination (i.e. the degree of illumination outputted and perceived by a user) for portions that have been illuminated a greater amount may be lower than the effective degree of illumination for display screen portions that have been illuminated a lesser amount.
In one example, the compensation factor applied by the processor is configured to dim the degree of illumination of the lower portion 220 based on the difference in relative illumination durations between the upper and lower portions 222, 220. In another example, the processor is configured to increase the effective degree of illumination of the upper portion 222 to compensate for the difference in illumination durations. In yet another example, the processor adjusts the relative degrees of the illumination of both the upper and lower portions based on the relative illumination durations. In some examples, the compensation factor is determined using the "active extended time" and "active retracted time" as inputs to an equation derived from average performance characteristics of test display screens. In some examples the compensation factor is determined using the "active extended time" and "active retracted time" as inputs for a look-up table stored in the device memory that is derived from average performance characteristics of test display screens.
In one example, the processor adjusts the degrees of illumination of both the upper and lower portions based on an aging factor. The aging factor is based on the aging characteristics of the display screen 204 and changes as the relative duration of illumination changes. In one example, the aging factor may be a ratio of the current maximum illumination achievable with the aged display device to the original maximum illumination. In another example, the aging factor may be an amount by which the illumination of the display device must be increased or decreased to achieve a predetermined effective degree of illumination. The aging factors may be predetermined by test measurements of the illumination output of a representative display screen, and are stored in the memory 110 of the handheld electronic device 100.
Accordingly, based on the relative cumulative illumination durations between the upper and lower portions 222, 220 and the corresponding aging factors, the processor adjusts the degrees of illumination of pixels within one or both of the upper portion 222 and lower portion 220 to mitigate the perceivable difference in aging between the upper and lower portions.
In some examples, the processor is configured to only adjust the degrees of illumination in step 1415 after a predetermined display screen age threshold has been reached. By way of example, prior to performing step 1415, a qualification step may be performed to determine if a cumulative illumination duration threshold based on one or both of the "active retracted duration" or "active extended duration" has reached a threshold cumulative time, and if not, then the age compensation of step 1415 is not performed. In other examples, the processor is configured to only adjust the degrees of illumination in step 1415 after a predetermined device age has been exceeded. The predetermined illumination duration or the predetermined device age may, for example, represent an average display device usage or aging after which must be exceeded by a perceivable difference is noticeable in the display output.
In some examples, a user may be able to manually adjust the aging factors used when adjusting the relative degrees of illumination of the upper and lower portions of the display screen. The processor can be configured to enter the handheld electronic device into a calibration mode whereby the user may adjust the degrees of illumination of the upper and lower portions until the difference in brightness between the upper and lower portions are minimal. Once this process is complete, the processor can store a correction factor or adjust the aging factors for use in future adjustments to the relative degrees of illumination.
In one example, the display device is an OLED or other device comprising different types of subpixels such as red, green and blue subpixels. Different color subpixels may be susceptible to different aging characteristics, and to compensate for this the processor may be configured to adjust the relative degrees of illumination for the different subpixels using different or independent compensation factors for the different subpixel colors to compensate for differential aging of the different subpixels.
In some example applications the above described system provides a relatively low overhead age compensation system for a display screen. As the method relies on merely tracking if the display screen is active in the retracted or extended positions, relatively little processor capacity is required for implementation. In some example embodiments, more sophisticated methods may be sued for tracking the relative illumination durations of the upper and lower portions 222, 220 of the display screen 204, including for example directly tracking when the pixels or backlighting of the upper portion 222 is activated and when pixels or backlighting of the lower portion 2220 is activated.
FIG. 12 illustrates a back view of another example of a handheld electronic communication device 100′ that is substantially identical to handheld electronic communication device 100 except the back of housing assembly 200 defines an opening 290 that exposes optical sensor 236 and illuminator 238 when display assembly 202 is in its retracted position. The opening 290, which for example could be provided by omitting all or a portion of the cross member 278, facilitates the taking of picture and video when the display assembly 202 is in the retracted position.
FIG. 13 illustrates a back view of another example of a handheld electronic communication device 100″ that is substantially identical to handheld electronic communication device 100 except that the image sensor 236 and illuminator 238 are located on the back of housing assembly 200 rather than the sliding display assembly 202. In such a configuration, the image sensor 236 and illuminator 238 are exposed regardless of the position of the display assembly.
In addition to the sliding display screen configurations described above, the above described examples for compensating differential aging on a display screen can also be applied to other portable electronic device configurations in which the device can be used in a first position with the display screen partially hidden and in a second position with a greater area of the display screen exposed. For example, the age compensating examples described herein could be applied to portable electronic devices having rotating or pivoting display screens in which the display screen is partially hidden in one position (a retracted position) and fully exposed in another position (an extended position). Further, the differential age compensating examples described herein could be applied to portable electronic devices in which the assembly that covers the display screen is something other than a housing assembly having a cavity. For example, the obscuring assembly could be a movable portion such as a keyboard assembly or other member that can partially hide the display screen in one position and fully expose the display screen in another position. For example, a portable electronic device could have a movable keyboard assembly that is located partially over the display screen in a first position and slides or rotates to a second position to expose all of the display screen. In one example, the portable electronic device could have a flip-style keypad assembly that covers part of the display screen in a first position and exposes all of the display screen in a second position, with a position sensor being used to determine when the display screen was partially exposed or fully exposed.
While the present disclosure is described primarily in terms of methods, the present disclosure is also directed to a portable electronic device configured to perform at least part of the methods. The portable electronic device may be configured using hardware modules, software modules, a combination of hardware and software modules, or any other suitable manner. The present disclosure is also directed to a pre-recorded storage device or computer-readable medium having computer-readable code stored thereon, the computer-readable code being executable by at least one processor of the portable electronic device for performing at least parts of the described methods.
While the embodiments described herein are directed to particular implementations of the handheld electronic communication device, it will be understood that modifications and variations may occur to those skilled in the art. All such modifications and variations are believed to be within the sphere and scope of the present disclosure.
1. A method for compensating for differential aging of a display screen on a handheld electronic device, wherein in a first position a first portion of the display screen is hidden from view while a second portion of the display screen is viewable, and in a second position the first portion and the second portion of the display screen are viewable, comprising:
tracking over time relative illumination durations of the first and second portions; and
based on the relative illumination durations, adjusting a relative degree of illumination of one or both of the first portion and the second portion when the display screen is in the second position to compensate for differential aging between the first and second portion;
wherein the handheld electronic device includes a position sensor for detecting if the first portion of the display screen is hidden from view or is viewable, and wherein tracking over time the relative illumination durations is based on determining in dependence on information received from the position sensor if the first portion of the display screen is hidden from view or is viewable when the display screen is illuminated.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein tracking over time relative illumination durations comprises updating in a memory of the handheld electronic device cumulative time totals that track a total time that the display screen is illuminated when the first portion of the display screen is viewable and a total time that the display screen is illuminated when the first portion of the display screen is hidden from view, wherein illumination of the first portion of the display screen is disabled when the first portion of the display screen is hidden from view.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein an illumination level of the display screen can be set at different values over time, and tracking over time the relative illumination durations includes adjusting the illumination durations in dependence on the set illumination levels.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein adjusting the relative degree of illumination comprises dimming the first portion based on the relative illumination durations of the first portion and the second portion to compensate for the differential aging of the first and second portions.
5. The method of claim 1 comprising, prior to adjusting a relative degree of illumination, determining if a display screen age threshold has been reached and if not then forgoing adjusting a relative degree of illumination such that the relative degree of illumination is only adjusted after the display screen age threshold has been exceeded.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein the display screen age threshold is based on one or both of a total cumulative illumination time of the display screen and an age of the handheld electronic device.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein the display screen comprises an organic light-emitting diode (LED) device.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein the display screen is a sliding display screen, the first position corresponding to a retracted position of the display screen and the second position corresponding to an extending position of the display screen.
9. A non-transitory computer readable medium having stored thereon computer-executable instructions for enabling a processor of a handheld electronic device to carry out the method of claim 1.
10. A handheld electronic device comprising:
a first assembly;
a display assembly including a display screen, the display assembly and first assembly being movable relative to each other between a first position in which a first portion of the display screen is hidden from view by the first assembly while a second portion of the display screen is viewable and a second position in which both the first portion and second portion are viewable;
a processor configured to control operation of the display screen;
a position sensor for providing position information to the processor indicating if the display assembly and first assembly are in the first position or the second position;
the processor being configured to disable illumination of the first portion of the display screen and enable illumination of the second portion of the display screen when the position information indicates the first position, and enable illumination of both the first and second portions when the position information indicates the second position, the processor being configured to track over time relative illumination durations of the first portion and the second portion and adjust, in dependence on the tracked relative illumination durations, a relative degree of illumination of one or both of the first portion and the second portion to compensate for differential display screen aging;
wherein the processor is configured to track over time the relative illumination durations of the first portion or the second portion based on a position as sensed by the position sensor when the display screen is illuminated.
11. The handheld device of claim 10 wherein the processor is configured to update in a memory of the handheld electronic device cumulative time totals that track a total time that the display screen is illuminated when in the second position and a total time that the display screen is illuminated when in the first position.
12. The handheld electronic device of claim 10 wherein an illumination level of the display screen can be set at different values over time, and the processor is configured to adjust the illumination durations in dependence on the set illumination levels.
13. The handheld electronic device of claim 10 wherein the processor is configured to reduce the relative degree of illumination of the lower portion by a compensation factor to compensate for the differential display screen aging.
14. The handheld electronic device of claim 10 wherein, prior to adjusting a relative degree of illumination, the processor is configured to determine if a display screen age threshold has been reached and if not then forgo adjusting the relative degree of illumination such that the relative degree of illumination is only adjusted after the display screen age threshold has been exceeded.
15. The handheld electronic device of claim 14 wherein the display screen age threshold is based on one or both of a total cumulative illumination time of the display screen and an age of the handheld electronic device.
16. The handheld electronic device of claim 10 wherein the display screen comprises pixels that are made up of different coloured sub-pixels and adjusting the relative degree of illumination comprises adjusting, based on colour, degrees of illuminations of the different subpixels in the display screen to compensate for the differential aging of the different subpixels.
17. The handheld electronic device of claim 10 wherein the display screen comprises an organic light-emitted diode (LED) device.
18. The handheld electronic device of claim 10 wherein the first assembly is a housing assembly having a cavity, and the display assembly is slidably mounted to the housing assembly, the first position corresponding to a retracted position of the display assembly in which the first portion of the display screen is received within the cavity and the second portion of the display screen is viewable outside of the cavity, and the second position corresponds to an extended position of the display screen assembly in which the first portion and second portion of the display screen are both viewable outside of the cavity.
US12/977,283 2010-12-23 2010-12-23 Handheld electronic communication device having an age compensating display Active 2031-10-18 US8514179B2 (en)
US12/977,283 US8514179B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2010-12-23 Handheld electronic communication device having an age compensating display
US12/977,283 Active 2031-10-18 US8514179B2 (en) 2010-12-23 2010-12-23 Handheld electronic communication device having an age compensating display
US20160189337A1 (en) * 2014-12-31 2016-06-30 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. Data storage device and data storage method for display device
US10048920B1 (en) * 2017-06-13 2018-08-14 International Business Machines Corporation Extendable display strips
US9727094B1 (en) * 2013-09-29 2017-08-08 Apple Inc. Window button assembly
US9679541B2 (en) * 2014-12-08 2017-06-13 Nxp Usa, Inc. Method of displaying a pixel of an image on a screen based on a location of the pixel on the screen
US5894298A (en) 1997-03-14 1999-04-13 Northern Telecom Limited Display apparatus
US5900090A (en) 1997-05-19 1999-05-04 Distefano; Joseph Apparatus and method for setting a gap between strips of web
US6243595B1 (en) 1998-06-16 2001-06-05 Nortel Networks Limited Portable wireless communication device having an extendible section
US6332084B1 (en) 1999-10-09 2001-12-18 Qualcomm Incorporated Multiple mode wireless telephone
US20020006813A1 (en) 2000-06-30 2002-01-17 Jean-Pierre Lubowicki Electronic equipment comprising a retractable screen
US6501230B1 (en) * 2001-08-27 2002-12-31 Eastman Kodak Company Display with aging correction circuit
WO2003030497A2 (en) 2001-09-28 2003-04-10 Telefonaktiebolag L M Ericsson (Publ) Portable communication terminal a slidable keypad
EP1307030A2 (en) 2001-10-26 2003-05-02 Nec Corporation Portable communication apparatus comprising a sliding housing
US20040032382A1 (en) 2000-09-29 2004-02-19 Cok Ronald S. Flat-panel display with luminance feedback
US20040070558A1 (en) 2000-05-24 2004-04-15 Eastman Kodak Company OLED display with aging compensation
JP2004144819A (en) 2002-10-22 2004-05-20 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Image display device
US20040229662A1 (en) 2003-05-12 2004-11-18 Siemens Information Mobile communication device having extendable display
US6850226B2 (en) 2001-11-09 2005-02-01 Nokia Corporation Multifunction mobile communications device with slidable display screen
US20050096082A1 (en) 2003-11-03 2005-05-05 Chin-Wei Chang Duo-display mobile phone
US20050233785A1 (en) 2004-04-14 2005-10-20 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Portable communication apparatus having pop-up type display device
GB2417851A (en) 2004-09-03 2006-03-08 Gsl Res Technology Ltd Mobile phone with sliding and rotating hinge
US20060077135A1 (en) * 2004-10-08 2006-04-13 Eastman Kodak Company Method for compensating an OLED device for aging
US20060077136A1 (en) * 2004-10-08 2006-04-13 Eastman Kodak Company System for controlling an OLED display
US20060087588A1 (en) * 2004-10-22 2006-04-27 Eastman Kodak Company OLED display with aspect ratio compensation
JP2006330222A (en) 2005-05-25 2006-12-07 Sharp Corp Liquid crystal display device and its temporal deterioration correcting method
US20070024576A1 (en) 2004-01-13 2007-02-01 Hassan Paddy A Correction arrangements for portable devices with oled displays
US20070109284A1 (en) 2005-08-12 2007-05-17 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Display device
US20070115255A1 (en) 2005-11-03 2007-05-24 Benq Corporation Mobile device
US20070177404A1 (en) 2003-06-23 2007-08-02 Daniel Simon R Display device having an extendible screen
US20070247798A1 (en) 2006-04-20 2007-10-25 International Business Machines Corporation Display having a variable display size for use in portable electronic devices and methods for controlling same
EP1858236A1 (en) 2006-05-16 2007-11-21 Nokia Corporation Multi-position device
US20070287504A1 (en) 2006-06-07 2007-12-13 Lg Electronics Inc. Mobile terminal
US20070285401A1 (en) 2004-11-09 2007-12-13 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Portable Information Terminal
EP1931118A2 (en) 2006-12-04 2008-06-11 FUJIFILM Corporation Portable device consisting of three movable housing parts
US7388578B2 (en) 2004-07-01 2008-06-17 Nokia Corporation Touch display PDA phone with slide keypad
US20080144265A1 (en) 2006-12-13 2008-06-19 Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated. Slide-out information display
WO2008074358A1 (en) 2006-12-21 2008-06-26 Nokia Corporation A portable electronic apparatus
EP1944949A1 (en) 2007-01-09 2008-07-16 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Mobile phone having a plurality of keypads
US20080207273A1 (en) 2007-02-25 2008-08-28 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Sliding-type mobile phone with a supplemental display secreen
US20080226970A1 (en) 2007-03-16 2008-09-18 Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. Portable terminal
US20080268901A1 (en) 2007-03-05 2008-10-30 Ivan Miramontes Slider twister phone
US20080284767A1 (en) 2007-05-18 2008-11-20 Sony Corporation Display device, control method and computer program for display device
US20090075692A1 (en) 2007-09-17 2009-03-19 Sang-Yool Park Mobile terminal
US20090154082A1 (en) 2005-09-30 2009-06-18 Mikko Nurmi Electronic device, computer porgram product and control method
US20090156264A1 (en) 2007-12-17 2009-06-18 Cho Choong-Hyoun Mobile terminal
US20090167644A1 (en) * 2007-12-28 2009-07-02 White Christopher J Resetting drive transistors in electronic displays
US20090174628A1 (en) 2008-01-04 2009-07-09 Tpo Display Corp. OLED display, information device, and method for displaying an image in OLED display
US20090195499A1 (en) 2008-02-05 2009-08-06 Griffin Jason T Optically based input mechanism for a handheld electronic communication device
US7580736B2 (en) 2007-05-29 2009-08-25 Nokia Corporation Pivot display
US20090231785A1 (en) 2008-03-17 2009-09-17 Li Youqing Sliding and rotating apparatus and device having same
US7692667B2 (en) 2001-08-17 2010-04-06 Palm, Inc. Handheld computer having moveable segments that are interactive with an integrated display
WO2010044902A1 (en) 2008-10-15 2010-04-22 Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab Selective rendering of multimedia information
US20100245227A1 (en) 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Apple Inc. White point control in backlights
US6963756B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2005-11-08 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Electronic equipment comprising a retractable screen
EP1291840A2 (en) 2001-08-27 2003-03-12 Eastman Kodak Company Display with aging correction circuit
US20030171133A1 (en) * 2001-10-26 2003-09-11 Nec Corporation Slide-type portable communication apparatus
EP1603311A2 (en) 2001-11-09 2005-12-07 Nokia Corporation Multifunction mobile communications device with slidable display screen
US7400345B2 (en) 2004-10-22 2008-07-15 Eastman Kodak Company OLED display with aspect ratio compensation
Extended European Search Report dated May 20, 2011 issued for corresponding EP Appln. No. 10196721.4.
JP 20030298694 A-Abstract-Portable Electronic Device.
JP 20030298694 A—Abstract—Portable Electronic Device.
U.S. Appl. No. 12/858,528, filed Aug. 18, 2010.
US9852681B2 (en) * 2014-12-31 2017-12-26 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. Data storage device for storing compensation data and data storage method for display device
US10203929B2 (en) 2017-06-13 2019-02-12 International Business Machines Corporation Extendable display strips
US7083342B2 (en) 2006-08-01 Keyboard arrangement
US7187363B2 (en) 2007-03-06 Integrated handheld data processing device having a sliding form factor
US6658272B1 (en) 2003-12-02 Self configuring multiple element portable electronic device
US10025380B2 (en) 2018-07-17 Electronic devices with gaze detection capabilities
US8630085B2 (en) 2014-01-14 Mobile communication terminal
US7391164B2 (en) 2008-06-24 Visual notification methods for candy-bar type cellphones
US7327335B2 (en) 2008-02-05 Display device and an electronic apparatus using the same
US6768899B2 (en) 2004-07-27 Rotational mechanism for a wireless communication device
US20050059438A1 (en) 2005-03-17 Communication device having multiple keypads
US7817173B2 (en) 2010-10-19 Adjustable display for a data processing apparatus
KR100846410B1 (en) 2008-07-16 Keyboard arrangement
US20100277431A1 (en) 2010-11-04 Methods of Operating Electronic Devices Including Touch Sensitive Interfaces Using Force/Deflection Sensing and Related Devices and Computer Program Products
US8289286B2 (en) 2012-10-16 Zooming keyboard/keypad
US20130257817A1 (en) 2013-10-03 Method and Apparatus for Force Sensing
CN101273396B (en) 2011-02-16 Flat-panel display with hybrid imaging technology
US7932839B2 (en) 2011-04-26 Mobile terminal and method for operating touch keypad thereof
US20040001306A1 (en) 2004-01-01 Transformable computing apparatus
US7187364B2 (en) 2007-03-06 Data processing device having multiple adjustable display and keyboard orientations
US8037121B2 (en) 2011-10-11 Multipurpose data input/output and display configurations for a data processing apparatus
JP4796017B2 (en) 2011-10-19 Electronics
US20020158812A1 (en) 2002-10-31 Phone handset with a near-to-eye microdisplay and a direct-view display
US8050716B2 (en) 2011-11-01 Mobile terminal
US7071916B2 (en) 2006-07-04 User input configurations for a data processing device
US7050764B2 (en) 2006-05-23 Illuminated interchangeable bezel assembly for a cellular telephone
US8451247B2 (en) 2013-05-28 Morphing touch screen layout
Owner name: RESEARCH IN MOTION LIMITED, CANADA
Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNOR:GRIFFIN, JASON TYLER;REEL/FRAME:025878/0883
Owner name: BLACKBERRY LIMITED, ONTARIO
Free format text: CHANGE OF NAME;ASSIGNOR:RESEARCH IN MOTION LIMITED;REEL/FRAME:038025/0078

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


The Ketogenic protein powder that's perfect for a ketogenic or low carb diet!
Purition has a lot less sugar than a smoothie. It's way more filling than other meal replacements, and unlike protein shakes – it's packed with real food. Quite simply it's a glass full of healthy to build your day on… or who knows, maybe even a whole new lifestyle?
Available in 6 delicious new flavours! Each carton contains 6 sachets (6 x 40g servings) of each different flavour. Try them all!
A perfect way to try all the flavours!
Purition is different, made with simple wholefood ingredients your grandmother would recognise. Because if you are trying to lose weight or training hard you have to eat right. But Purition is so much more than just protein. The balanced blend of natural ingredients also provides health and fitness essentials including fibre, vitamins, minerals and healthy wholefood fats your body needs.
Real food, ready in 30 seconds, with no cooking and perfect portion control every-time. Ingredients you can feel great about and trust to deliver improved nutrition so you can reach your goals faster. Use Purition daily for breakfast to keep you satisfied until lunch. Or lunch when you don't have time to cook. If training use Purition after exercise to replace lost nutrients or well before to fuel your workout and recovery.
It's the naturally delicious combination of energy-rich foods that make the difference. We count fitness models, trainers, dieticians, triathletes, cyclists and a few famous faces among the customers who trust Purition to deliver great results.
Purition: finally a healthy alternative to protein powders and meal replacement diet shakes. Nothing beats real food when trying to get in the best shape of your life. Purition has been developed to be free from all the unnecessary ingredients found in regular protein powders and meal replacement shakes.
The perfect foundation for every day… and every goal.
Junk-free fitness food means your body recognises every ingredient in Purition: wholesome food that supports your fitness regime, 'clean eating' has never been so simple.
Triple filtered British whey protein isolate or our French grown vegan hemp protein plus natural seeds and nuts leave you feeling full and satisfied, feeding your body with the nutrients you need.
Slow release and satisfying. The nutrient dense low-sugar/low-carb calories in Purition will keep you full between meals without raising blood sugar levels.
Packed with essential fatty acids (Omega 3, 6, & 9) and protein (BCAA's) provide your body with the natural nutrition it craves after exercise.
We don't use flavourings of any kind, just natural ingredients like freeze dried strawberries and whole Madagascan vanilla pods!


Angeles, the Dalai Lama blessed a new Shi-Tro mandala (a three-dimensional religious sculpture) in front of a large, paying audience. The mandala had been created by a Tibetan monk who ran a local Buddhist centre, assisted by his American wife, who worked in creative marketing for Warner Brothers Records Inc. She had generated volumes of publicity, using the slogan "Shi-Tro Happens." The Los Angeles Times described this as "marketing the mandala in a hip and humorous way." So, there was the Dalai Lama, up on stage, Shi-Tro happening, the ceremony compered by the requisite Hollywood star, in this case the actress Sharon Stone, famous for lacking underwear in the movie Basic Instinct, but this time wearing a feather boa and bare feet. After musing aloud for a while about how she might introduce the Dalai Lama, she finally settled for, "The hardest-working man in spirituality … Mr. Please, Please, Please let me back into China!" The fact that the Dalai Lama came from Tibet was momentarily lost….
Patrick French's 2003 book on Tibet was my first book on this fascinating region. Having just returned after 6 weeks behind the great firewall, my eagerness to read more about Tibet had only increased. For, in a premier University campus, no less, was I prevented from reading the Wikipedia article on Tibet, leave alone any Dalai rant that sought to destabilise the "national unity of the motherland". Apart from several experiments with proxy servers and overconfidently trying to set up Tor, I finally came to terms with the stupendity of the Great Firewall of China, despite Winter & Lindskog's spirited efforts (PDF from arxiv) at "understanding of China's censorship capabilities and … more effective evasion techniques".
So, what I wanted was not some Hollywood Tibetophile version of great oriental discovery of eastern stoicism and spirituality. I was already quite familiar with the "other side", having read and heard Hitchens on numerous occasions launch scathing attacks on the Dalai Lama for his "holier-than-all image", seeking donations from apparently dubious entities and other things summarised in "His Material Highness", an article Hitchens wrote in 1998. I sought more information than opinions and discourses. And I was quite pleased with Patrick French's Tibet, Tibet.
The book starts and ends at McLeod Gunj, that place in Himachal where all Tibetan roads lead to. In a 1987 visit that he recalls, back in the days when pro-Tibet demonstrations were at their peak, Patrick recalls Ngodup, who cooked for guests at the monastery guest rooms. He later describes how, several years later, he watched with horror on TV, this introvert Tibetan set himself ablaze in protests in Delhi. So begins his journey of wanting to go back into Tibet.
With time, the initial magic and awe of all things Tibetan, also had understandably wore away for the author and he too sought to see the "real Tibet", the one offered to him beyond the popular books of the Dalai Lama and the speeches of Gere and Segal. So, he undertakes a journey backpacking through Tibet and the provinces around the present-day Tibet, that at least at some point in history were united under Tibetan kings.
The Potala palace in Lhasa. Major Francis Younghusband marched the British troops after the 1804 invasion of Tibet.
In all the places he visits, he brings in a bit of travel writing, narratives of people who went through Mao's purges and revolutions, and those that lived to swallow their tales….all interspersed with humorous titbits of daily life. Some of the accounts are chilling (such as how many Tibetans suffered during several phases of Mao's rule) and others informative (Francis Younghusband's campaign to Tibet from India, Tibet's former military might, the corruption and decadence in Tibetan royalty and the extreme poverty of a large portion of its people). Of course, while doing a remarkable job keeping his own (previous?) biases of Tibet (what he calls the mind's Tibet – he was after all once the head of UK's Free Tibet movement), his disdain (nay indifference?) for the Han people does come through. While getting a rich picture of the oppressed Tibetans from very different regions first-hand, the one-kind stereotype of the Han is quite evident and one wishes there could have been a richer detail of them too. Yet, a self-critical account of the Free-tibet movement and its Dalai-centredness is also given. Indeed, at various points he revisits his own ideal notion of "mind's Tibet" versus the real one, grey and lifeless towns in reality recollected quite differently in narratives. Going further, he analyses historical misjudgments of the Dalai Lama in resolving the issue and even brings it up in a final meeting with the Dalai Lama in the last pages.
French's reporting is excellent and this is an enjoyable and informative tour of Tibet. His conclusions, though, invite some questions. The Dalai Lama himself regards it as self-evident that his decades of efforts to come to an agreement with China have borne no fruit. But it seems a little harsh to assume that this is solely through his own naiveté or mismanagement. China in the decades since 1949 has hardly been a stable or rational interlocutor for anyone attempting to negotiate – especially from a position of weakness. A more generous observer might congratulate the Dalai Lama that Tibet still exists at all, rather than rebuke him for failing to tame the dragon.
The Dalai Lama does not claim infallibility, whatever his followers or his western supporters might claim for him, nor have the majority of Tibetans ever auditioned to be characters in a western fantasy. That does not diminish the injustice they have suffered or render them any less deserving of support.
Patrick French was chosen by VS Naipaul to write his authorised biography, The World is what it is.
Patrick French refused the OBE to "guard his independence as a writer".
Madhuri Dixit's posters were apparently the most popular draw among the several foreign celebrity posters adorning sections of Lingkhor (the outer pilgrim road at Lhasa) especially in the red-light district, where Chinese gangs run flesh trade with girls from Sichuan and Qinghai (p. 224).
French describes a meeting and interview with Ugeyen (p. 183), one of the Tibetan Ragyabas who in Tibet were outcastes who have faced historical injustice and discrimination (much akin to Dalits in India). I immediately wondered if "we" exported more than Buddhism.
This entry was posted in Reviews and tagged Dalai Lama, Great firewall of China, Tibet, Tor. Bookmark the permalink.


In a nutshell, employers must be transparent, and only hold data if is essential they do so. And there is one key point to bear in mind. The relationship between employer and employee is not asymmetrical, but GDPR rules are designed to protect staff from feeling they have no choice but to sign away permission to their boss to do whatever he/she wants.
The General Data Protection Regulation is coming into force on May 25th 2018. And the fines dished out to companies that do not comply can be heavy indeed – 4 per cent of turnover or 20 million euros.
It may seem as if there is an easy fix for employers – get staff to agree to their employer holding their data. But, as the ICO, the regulator charged with overseeing data protection rules in the UK said: "if for any reason you cannot offer people a genuine choice over how you use their data, consent will not be an appropriate basis for processing. This may be the case if, for example, you are in a position of power over the individual – for example if you are a public authority or an employer processing employee data".
In other words, staff have to be given a genuine choice when agreeing to the use and storage of their data.
Concise in the way it seeks permission to hold data.
Transparent, so that the employer knows what data is held and why.
Distinct from other arrangements from the data subject.
Written in clear precise language.
Following those tips is a good start.
However, things don't always go to plan. Employers and employees can fallout. An en employer may take umbrage to certain data being held. To protect itself, a company needs to focus on the amount of data held, the extent of the data and the time frame in which it is held.
The key here relates to only holding data when, and to the extent, it is necessary.


text:
Apple, Google, Comcast are on the attack
August 20, 2016 by Dan Taylor Leave a Comment
The firms are targeting the scourge of robocalls.
Watch out, robocallers: the biggest tech companies in the world have put a big target on your back. More than 30 major technology and communication companies have announced that they are teaming up with the U.S. government to crack down on automated, prerecorded phoen calls known as "robocalls."
AT&T, Google, Apple, Verizon, Comcast and many others have signed up to be members of the "Robocall Strike Force," which held its first meeting with the U.S. Federal Communications Commission, according to a Reuters report.
In October, the strike force will report to the FCC on plans to stop robocalls using new tools and solutions. The strike force sees Caller ID verification standards as a critical tool to block calls from spoofed phone numbers.
"This scourge must stop," FCC Chairman Tom Wheeler said on Friday according to the Reuters report, calling robocalls the No. 1 complaint from consumers. "The bad guys are beating the good guys with technology," Wheeler said.
"Robocalls and telemarketing calls are currently the number one source of consumer complaints at the FCC," Wheeler further said in a statement. "The Commission is committed to protecting consumers from unwanted calls and giving them more control over the calls and texts they receive. We will tackle robocalls on as many fronts as possible, whether by implementing new rules, issuing tailored declaratory judgments, encouraging new pro-consumer innovation or urging the private sector to step up and stop this scourge.
"Today, consumers have protections from unwanted calls," the statement continues. "For example, the FCC requires private robocallers to have prior consent to robocall or robotext your cell phone. Further, consumers can register their numbers with the FTC's Do Not Call list, which requires legitimate telemarketers to stop calling you. In addition, the FCC expects that phone companies will respond to consumer requests to block robocalls."
Filed Under: Front Page, Technology


Broncos linebacker Brandon Marshall still can't believe it sometimes. A little over two years ago he was on the Broncos practice squad under then coach John Fox. He had already been cut multiple times for the Jaguars. He was just trying to make the team.
Marshall just finished his second straight season with 100+ tackles as a starter and key cog on the best defense in the league.
Thursday, he looked back on what got him to this point.
Marshall played nearly the entire 2013 season on the practice squad. He was called up before the final game of the regular season when outside linebacker Von Miller was placed on injured reserve with a torn ACL.
Fox, now the head coach of the Chicago Bears, foreshadowed it all.


An ancient example of fine guncraft, the Colt 1851 has been the gun of choice for many a nameless gunslinger.
Skilled wielders have been known to quickly fire multiple shots, though the technique has been mostly lost to time.
Colt 1851 is a gun that fires a burst of two bullets.
All Out Of Law - If the player has Table Tech Sight, Escape Rope, Hip Holster, or Heart Holster, the Colt 1851 fires three tight spreads of three bullets upon reloading. These projectiles do not use ammo, and they can reveal secret rooms without angering the shopkeeper Bello.
Cold 1896 - If the player has Cold 45, both it and the Colt 1851 will be dual wielded. Both weapons will be treated as one single weapon, but weapons still reload individually, have their own ammo count and once one gun runs out of ammo, both weapons split into 2 separate guns until both have ammunition again.
Two Kinds of People - If the player has Knight's Gun, it will always dig up something when reloading with an empty clip (instead of digging and finding nothing).
The description and pickup quote are referencing the gun's use in the film, The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly.
This page was last edited on 8 April 2019, at 20:32.


At WasteRatings, we strive to bring you the best service at the best price available. We have a wide selection of dumpster sizes in stock in Buckley, IL, with flexible & timley pickup and delivery. Give us a call today for all your dumpster rental and roll off needs.
Your roll-off dumpster in Buckley, IL is only a phone call away. Don't delay!
Lowering costs on dumpster accommodations is easy should you consider the above-mentioned recommendations. By being sure these tips, it is simple to find an cost-effective and dependable service that can help you get rid of squander in large quantities, without costing you a lot.
Many 3 Yard Dumpster in Buckley, IL corporations facilitate online ordering ability. You can get the correct sized dumpster in which best suits the requirement starting from home.
A good idea is to go with a dumpster that is 1 size in excess of you think you will have to have. That way you are safe and if a person happens to find any other items around your home providing want, it is simple to throw them away.
Kind: Depending on the waste managing needs, it is possible looking to rent the roll-off or a front side loading package. A roll-off package is an open-top dumpster that seems like a big metal pack. It progresses of the distribution truck into the street, the backyard, maybe driveway. Such a dumpster is ideal for short-term debris assortment and elimination; you complete it yourself and then the trash is picked up in addition to hauled apart. Sizes with regard to roll-off containers normally range from 10 to Forty five cubic yards. The front-load container is frequently smaller than any roll-off dumpster, has a cover, and is great for regularly planned garbage pick-up. Sizes with regard to front-loading containers normally range from 1 to 10 cubic meters.
Good, that you've got chosen to rent any dumpster to clear the numerous trash piled up at your task location. You have to know the type in addition to size of dumpster in which best fits your preferences before you go ahead with the rental procedure. Roll off of dumpster should be final decision if you are looking out there to dump massive tons of waste in the key commercial and residential initiatives. Before you place your order for the rotate off waste bin, it is very important for you to know the dimensions of the actual garbage container so that you can accommodate the necessary place to position the dumpster at your task location. Whether you're running a home remodeling, commercial task or professional clean up, the place you allow for for the garbage package should be quantity size of the height in addition to width.
A last word of advice - there will be the dumpster just before it turns up. Clear room in your yard if that is where you're heading to want it build or be sure the curb is free of charge if that's exactly where it will be parked. If you're completely ready for the 3 Yard Dumpster in Buckley, IL corporation to drop off the trash receptacle, your life plus the project you happen to be working on is going to be so much easier.
It is usually for any 3 Yard Dumpster in Buckley, IL corporation please check in which whether trying to keep dumpsters are allowed with area or otherwise, if it is not helped than choose alternative use of garbage bin. You will discover companies which work in distinct areas and several which are working in every state and city as well. The fees policy in addition depends upon corporation to company, several companies cost on once a week basis even though charges on every dumpster as well as bin these people take. You'll need to select per your requirement in order to steer clear of the frustration associated with realizing on a party morning that you can not use assistance because the form of service you chose.
Maybe you are remodeling your child's bedroom now that one is a little older and needs a more arranged bedroom. You really should add built in shelves and also a built in computer system desk as well as entire wall space. New carpeting or wooden floors may be on your agenda too. You will have to hire a contractor to rip out the outdated carpeting and install the newest carpeting. You have got to rent a dumpster to eliminate all the outdated carpeting and debris.
This could seem like a massive step, however if you're genuinely committed to cleaning out your whole residence, or even the garage as well as basement, you will find that you possess a LOT of waste lying around. A lot of people feel embarrassed as well as worried about putting too much waste out for weekly pickup, and this can turn into an excuse not receiving the useless out of your home. Get around the excuses by renting a dumpster from a reliable company.
However, there are several unlicensed, unscrupulous useless removal businesses out there that will dump products illegally. Always find a useless removal firm that has a traceable handle and dominant advertising to avoid problems.
You might save cents here, but it really calls for huge sum of money being spent on your overall health issues in your near future because disposing a real huge spend on home involves many effort, exercise and time period investment too. Apart from this you need to target transportation intricacies and the environmental friendly recycle of thrown away waste if you are person who areas social problems of your region. Construction spend is always within huge amounts and uses up a lot of space. Daring to clear construction waste on self not only consumes your time and effort but uses up your free of charge space for longer period of time.
No matter if your garage area is full of old pieces of furniture and amassed rubbish or you are looking for help with construction debris as well as estate cleansing, gathering and hauling away from that useless can be a large job. But you don't have to do it yourself! There are several various solutions offered to help you with garbage removal small and big.
If you have got twins as well as triplets you may need to redecorate your kid's bed rooms. You need to try to make use of the place you have seeing that efficient as is possible. A construction employee as well as interior decorator can give you tips on how to accomplish this. In the event the work receives under way you have got to rent a dumpster. Find a company that will provide you with what size of any dumpster you will need. You will not want to pay for a considerable dumpster when you simply needed a compact dumpster or a channel dumpster. Save your dollars when you can.
Improve the look of your construction job along with 3 Yard Dumpster in Buckley Jacksonville and you will see that discarding waste and keeping your around clean is manufactured fast and efficient. Without a doubt, every home building project demands a heap of trash and rubble. Current help of a 3 Yard Dumpster in Buckley, you can keep your projects orderly along with your home thoroughly clean. You dont have to create your restoration project seem like a destruction job. You may achieve a perfect cleanup along with proper waste removal in your home premises.
Determine whether the organization you are eventually going to choose is going to surcharge for delivery of the dumpster in your place. Generally, most companies generally charge for fuel in fact it is therefore crucial that you conduct complete research in the bid to uncover the standard selling price, then aim to find the just one company charging an amount of which feels most comfortable for you. You additionally need to think about whether the dumpster organization you need to retain the services of is a regional one, since if it is not, then you are likely to turn out paying far more for transportation than what an individual paid for the dumpster itself.
One thing is for positive we all help to make trash. Most of us put each of our trash inside garbage hand bags and then we haul it off. But may you just have an excessive amount of trash to be able to haul off of easily. A number of families just be more waste than others and it can be a large hassle to be able to haul the idea away at all times. If you have lots of trash and do not want to haul it off continuously or by any means you could use roll off dumpster accommodations. You may have certainly not heard of some sort of roll off of 3 Yard Dumpster in Buckley, IL before nevertheless, you may have viewed one. By visiting the dumpster you generally stick your trash in the big dumpster can. They are usually coated green at least around below.
Hiring a tiny size dumpster for trash removal needs of a giant project could make your final costs heavy since there will carries on generation regarding trash from the large projects like development and business oriented clean advantages and home refurbishments. Hiring a tiny size dumpster may compel you to dispose the garbage on daily basis, and you will find themselves in incurring a supplementary cost with regard to transport through job place to landfill.
After you remodel often there is simply just stuff that some sort of trash case can not incorporate. Big things which you can not squeeze in a trash case still have to become thrown away. Attempting to throw the products away could be a big pain but if you had your own dumpster it would not be. You might walk up to it and throw the idea in being a dumpster is big plenty of to handle even the big waste pieces.
An additional use for any dumpster is when you do a house reconstruction and are going to have a great deal of trash. It will be easy to put all the waste in the roll off dumpster accommodations you have and they'll haul the idea away when you are done.
Having warmer climate coming soon, homeowners are looking onward to springtime demolition projects. As you get exterior to make a number of serious home improvements, trust in your at-home waste hauler for cost-effective demolition services. Via disposing of old, dilapidated fences and sheds to be able to carting off of decking and Jacuzzi tubs, a nearby trash hauling enterprise can come in specifically handy. A number of garbage and rubbish removal providers will even decide to pick up and remove any undesirable cars or trucks with no charging that you simply single penny. Be sure to ask about free car hauling program when you phone.


Thank you for your interest in the Near West Family Network! We do our best not to send too many emails, but we do have a monthly update with upcoming events and other information. Occasionally, we send timely announcements and reminders.
If you would like to become a MEMBER, please visit our Join Now page.


Garland Trends! it is popping up for any event or wedding. There are several types of greens you can pick from to make your garland and various ways to use them for your event. The most popular DIY garland green is seeded eucalyptus and/ or silver eucalyptus. Mixing greens will give your garland depth, texture, shape, and beautiful tone. Here are some recommendations of popular greens to craft your garland; ivy, olive branch, lemon leaf, pittosporum, ruscus, sprengeri fern, plumosa, and bay leaf. Be careful about using too many greens that are strong in scent. The smell can become overpowering!
DIY Garlands are a perfect choice for multiple uses. They can be minimalist or be filled with lush flowers to decorate tables, arches, chairs, seating charts, doorways, and chandeliers. They can be super easy to make and very affordable! Depending on the size and style you plan to make, remember…. they can take time to prepare. Here are some fantastic ideas and tricks when you making your garland!
There are all different foam products available to purchase when you make your garlands. If you are using flowers in your garland, brick trays with foam blocks will help keep your garland and flowers hydrated during your event. Insert the greens and flowers into the wet foam. When using the foam trays place them apart a couple of feet and fill in the empty space with the greenery between each tray. Use floral wire which is a versatile wire to secure your stems together.
Oasis Iglu small foam holders work perfectly for narrow table garlands or to attach the garland to any surface. The Iglu holders come in small and large. They can be used to design flower arrangements for wedding chairs, cake toppers, pew decorations, candelabras, wreaths and much more.
Oasis 9' garland is perfect for designing floral archways, gazebos or doors. The 5" x 2" cylinders are made with Oasis foam and are held together with flexible netting. You can cut them to fit any desired space and or garland length.
This pretty, minimalist look is quite affordable and fashionable!!! Cut greenery in individual pieces the same length and remove an inch of the leaves off the stems to be able to wire them together. Gather stems in small bunches 3-5 stems and wrap the ends to cluster the stems together. You can use Oasis wire to act as a spine for your table garland. The green floral wire will blend in with the foliage so you cannot see it.
Floral wire is used for multiple purposes and is very helpful!. Floral wire is measured in thickness or gauge, The lower the gauge of the floral wire, the thicker the wire. The thicker the wire, the less pliable it will be. For garlands, we would recommend 24-26 gauge. If you are using rustic wire as the spine of your garland, we would recommend 18 gauge.
We have great recommendations for flowers you can use for your garlands such as roses, lisianthus, snapdragons, stock or big blooms such as peonies, garden roses, and hydrangeas. Remember, some blooms need a water source to stay lush and beautiful, especially in the heat. If you choose not to use flower foam in your garland, consider using water tubes to keep your flowers hydrated…. Especially if it is hot! After finishing wiring greens together, tuck in the water picks with the flower stems under the wire to secure them and hide the water tube. Here is a trick, when securing garlands to doorways, arches, chuppahs, chairs or wherever you desire, use zip ties or pipe cleaners. Make sure you attach the garland securely. You can cover it with ribbon if needed.
Check out our tutorial, How to Make a Flower Garland!
Well said.. Minimalist garland is the most commonly used for wedding receptions.