text:
package org.apache.accumulo.core.util.threads;

import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS;
import static java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit.SECONDS;

import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.OptionalInt;
import java.util.concurrent.BlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.Callable;
import java.util.concurrent.CancellationException;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.Future;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledFuture;
import java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.SynchronousQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.function.IntSupplier;

import org.apache.accumulo.core.conf.AccumuloConfiguration;
import org.apache.accumulo.core.conf.Property;
import org.apache.accumulo.core.metrics.MetricsUtil;
import org.apache.accumulo.core.trace.TraceUtil;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import edu.umd.cs.findbugs.annotations.SuppressFBWarnings;

@SuppressFBWarnings(value = "RV_EXCEPTION_NOT_THROWN",
    justification = "Throwing Error for it to be caught by AccumuloUncaughtExceptionHandler")
public class ThreadPools {

  public static class ExecutionError extends Error {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public ExecutionError(String message, Throwable cause) {
      super(message, cause);
    }
  }

  private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ThreadPools.class);

  // the number of seconds before we allow a thread to terminate with non-use.
  public static final long DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MILLISECS = 180000L;

  private static final ThreadPools SERVER_INSTANCE = new ThreadPools(Threads.UEH);

  public static final ThreadPools getServerThreadPools() {
    return SERVER_INSTANCE;
  }

  public static final ThreadPools getClientThreadPools(UncaughtExceptionHandler ueh) {
    return new ThreadPools(ueh);
  }

  private static final ThreadPoolExecutor SCHEDULED_FUTURE_CHECKER_POOL =
      getServerThreadPools().createFixedThreadPool(1, "Scheduled Future Checker", false);

  private static final ConcurrentLinkedQueue<ScheduledFuture<?>> CRITICAL_RUNNING_TASKS =
      new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();

  private static final ConcurrentLinkedQueue<ScheduledFuture<?>> NON_CRITICAL_RUNNING_TASKS =
      new ConcurrentLinkedQueue<>();

  private static Runnable TASK_CHECKER = new Runnable() {
    @Override
    public void run() {
      final List<ConcurrentLinkedQueue<ScheduledFuture<?>>> queues =
          List.of(CRITICAL_RUNNING_TASKS, NON_CRITICAL_RUNNING_TASKS);
      while (true) {
        queues.forEach(q -> {
          Iterator<ScheduledFuture<?>> tasks = q.iterator();
          while (tasks.hasNext()) {
            if (checkTaskFailed(tasks.next(), q)) {
              tasks.remove();
            }
          }
        });
        try {
          TimeUnit.MINUTES.sleep(1);
        } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
          // This thread was interrupted by something while sleeping. We don't want to exit
          // this thread, so reset the interrupt state on this thread and keep going.
          Thread.interrupted();
        }
      }
    }
  };

  /**
   * Checks to see if a ScheduledFuture has exited successfully or thrown an error
   *
   * @param future
   *          scheduled future to check
   * @param taskQueue
   *          the running task queue from which the future came
   * @return true if the future should be removed
   */
  private static boolean checkTaskFailed(ScheduledFuture<?> future,
      ConcurrentLinkedQueue<ScheduledFuture<?>> taskQueue) {
    // Calling get() on a ScheduledFuture will block unless that scheduled task has
    // completed. We call isDone() here instead. If the scheduled task is done then
    // either it was a one-shot task, cancelled or an exception was thrown.
    if (future.isDone()) {
      // Now call get() to see if we get an exception.
      try {
        future.get();
        // If we get here, then a scheduled task exited but did not throw an error
        // or get canceled. This was likely a one-shot scheduled task (I don't think
        // we can tell if it's one-shot or not, I think we have to assume that it is
        // and that a recurring task would not normally be complete).
        return true;
      } catch (ExecutionException ee) {
        // An exception was thrown in the critical task. Throw the error here, which
        // will then be caught by the AccumuloUncaughtExceptionHandler which will
        // log the error and terminate the VM.
        if (taskQueue == CRITICAL_RUNNING_TASKS) {
          throw new ExecutionError("Critical scheduled background task failed.", ee);
        } else {
          LOG.error("Non-critical scheduled background task failed", ee);
          return true;
        }
      } catch (CancellationException ce) {
        // do nothing here as it appears that the task was canceled. Remove it from
        // the list of critical tasks
        return true;
      } catch (InterruptedException ie) {
        // current thread was interrupted waiting for get to return, which in theory,
        // shouldn't happen since the task is done.
        LOG.info("Interrupted while waiting to check on scheduled background task.");
        // Reset the interrupt state on this thread
        Thread.interrupted();
      }
    }
    return false;
  }

  static {
    SCHEDULED_FUTURE_CHECKER_POOL.execute(TASK_CHECKER);
  }

  public static void watchCriticalScheduledTask(ScheduledFuture<?> future) {
    CRITICAL_RUNNING_TASKS.add(future);
  }

  public static void watchCriticalFixedDelay(AccumuloConfiguration aconf, long intervalMillis,
      Runnable runnable) {
    ScheduledFuture<?> future = getServerThreadPools().createGeneralScheduledExecutorService(aconf)
        .scheduleWithFixedDelay(runnable, intervalMillis, intervalMillis, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
    CRITICAL_RUNNING_TASKS.add(future);
  }

  public static void watchNonCriticalScheduledTask(ScheduledFuture<?> future) {
    NON_CRITICAL_RUNNING_TASKS.add(future);
  }

  public static void ensureRunning(ScheduledFuture<?> future, String message) {
    if (future.isDone()) {
      try {
        future.get();
      } catch (Exception e) {
        throw new IllegalStateException(message, e);
      }
      // it exited w/o exception, but we still expect it to be running so throw an exception.
      throw new IllegalStateException(message);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Resize ThreadPoolExecutor based on current value of maxThreads
   *
   * @param pool
   *          the ThreadPoolExecutor to modify
   * @param maxThreads
   *          supplier of maxThreads value
   * @param poolName
   *          name of the thread pool
   */
  public static void resizePool(final ThreadPoolExecutor pool, final IntSupplier maxThreads,
      String poolName) {
    int count = pool.getMaximumPoolSize();
    int newCount = maxThreads.getAsInt();
    if (count == newCount) {
      return;
    }
    LOG.info("Changing max threads for {} from {} to {}", poolName, count, newCount);
    if (newCount > count) {
      // increasing, increase the max first, or the core will fail to be increased
      pool.setMaximumPoolSize(newCount);
      pool.setCorePoolSize(newCount);
    } else {
      // decreasing, lower the core size first, or the max will fail to be lowered
      pool.setCorePoolSize(newCount);
      pool.setMaximumPoolSize(newCount);
    }

  }

  /**
   * Resize ThreadPoolExecutor based on current value of Property p
   *
   * @param pool
   *          the ThreadPoolExecutor to modify
   * @param conf
   *          the AccumuloConfiguration
   * @param p
   *          the property to base the size from
   */
  public static void resizePool(final ThreadPoolExecutor pool, final AccumuloConfiguration conf,
      final Property p) {
    resizePool(pool, () -> conf.getCount(p), p.getKey());
  }

  private final UncaughtExceptionHandler handler;

  private ThreadPools(UncaughtExceptionHandler ueh) {
    handler = ueh;
  }

  /**
   * Create a thread pool based on a thread pool related property
   *
   * @param conf
   *          accumulo configuration
   * @param p
   *          thread pool related property
   * @param emitThreadPoolMetrics
   *          When set to true will emit metrics and register the metrics in a static registry.
   *          After the thread pool is deleted, there will still be metrics objects related to it in
   *          the static registry. There is no way to clean these left over objects up therefore its
   *          recommended that this option only be set true for long lived thread pools. Creating
   *          lots of short lived thread pools and registering them can lead to out of memory errors
   *          over long time periods.
   * @return ExecutorService impl
   * @throws RuntimeException
   *           if property is not handled
   */
  @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
  public ThreadPoolExecutor createExecutorService(final AccumuloConfiguration conf,
      final Property p, boolean emitThreadPoolMetrics) {

    switch (p) {
      case GENERAL_SIMPLETIMER_THREADPOOL_SIZE:
        return createScheduledExecutorService(conf.getCount(p), "SimpleTimer",
            emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case GENERAL_THREADPOOL_SIZE:
        return createScheduledExecutorService(conf.getCount(p), "GeneralExecutor",
            emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case MANAGER_BULK_THREADPOOL_SIZE:
        return createFixedThreadPool(conf.getCount(p),
            conf.getTimeInMillis(Property.MANAGER_BULK_THREADPOOL_TIMEOUT), MILLISECONDS,
            "bulk import", emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case MANAGER_RENAME_THREADS:
        return createFixedThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), "bulk move", emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case MANAGER_FATE_THREADPOOL_SIZE:
        return createFixedThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), "Repo Runner", emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case MANAGER_STATUS_THREAD_POOL_SIZE:
        int threads = conf.getCount(p);
        if (threads == 0) {
          return createThreadPool(0, Integer.MAX_VALUE, 60L, SECONDS, "GatherTableInformation",
              new SynchronousQueue<>(), emitThreadPoolMetrics);
        } else {
          return createFixedThreadPool(threads, "GatherTableInformation", emitThreadPoolMetrics);
        }
      case TSERV_WORKQ_THREADS:
        return createFixedThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), "distributed work queue",
            emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case TSERV_MINC_MAXCONCURRENT:
        return createFixedThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), 0L, MILLISECONDS, "minor compactor",
            emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case TSERV_MIGRATE_MAXCONCURRENT:
        return createFixedThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), 0L, MILLISECONDS, "tablet migration",
            emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case TSERV_ASSIGNMENT_MAXCONCURRENT:
        return createFixedThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), 0L, MILLISECONDS, "tablet assignment",
            emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case TSERV_SUMMARY_RETRIEVAL_THREADS:
        return createThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), conf.getCount(p), 60, SECONDS,
            "summary file retriever", emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case TSERV_SUMMARY_REMOTE_THREADS:
        return createThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), conf.getCount(p), 60, SECONDS, "summary remote",
            emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case TSERV_SUMMARY_PARTITION_THREADS:
        return createThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), conf.getCount(p), 60, SECONDS,
            "summary partition", emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case GC_DELETE_THREADS:
        return createFixedThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), "deleting", emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      case REPLICATION_WORKER_THREADS:
        return createFixedThreadPool(conf.getCount(p), "replication task", emitThreadPoolMetrics);
      default:
        throw new RuntimeException("Unhandled thread pool property: " + p);
    }
  }

  /**
   * Create a named thread pool
   *
   * @param numThreads
   *          number of threads
   * @param name
   *          thread pool name
   * @param emitThreadPoolMetrics
   *          When set to true will emit metrics and register the metrics in a static registry.
   *          After the thread pool is deleted, there will still be metrics objects related to it in
   *          the static registry. There is no way to clean these left over objects up therefore its
   *          recommended that this option only be set true for long lived thread pools. Creating
   *          lots of short lived thread pools and registering them can lead to out of memory errors
   *          over long time periods.
   * @return ThreadPoolExecutor
   */
  public ThreadPoolExecutor createFixedThreadPool(int numThreads, final String name,
      boolean emitThreadPoolMetrics) {
    return createFixedThreadPool(numThreads, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MILLISECS, MILLISECONDS, name,
        emitThreadPoolMetrics);
  }

  /**
   * Create a named thread pool
   *
   * @param numThreads
   *          number of threads
   * @param name
   *          thread pool name
   * @param queue
   *          queue to use for tasks
   * @param emitThreadPoolMetrics
   *          When set to true will emit metrics and register the metrics in a static registry.
   *          After the thread pool is deleted, there will still be metrics objects related to it in
   *          the static registry. There is no way to clean these left over objects up therefore its
   *          recommended that this option only be set true for long lived thread pools. Creating
   *          lots of short lived thread pools and registering them can lead to out of memory errors
   *          over long time periods.
   * @return ThreadPoolExecutor
   */
  public ThreadPoolExecutor createFixedThreadPool(int numThreads, final String name,
      BlockingQueue<Runnable> queue, boolean emitThreadPoolMetrics) {
    return createThreadPool(numThreads, numThreads, DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_MILLISECS, MILLISECONDS, name,
        queue, emitThreadPoolMetrics);
  }

  /**
   * Create a named thread pool
   *
   * @param numThreads
   *          number of threads
   * @param timeOut
   *          core thread time out
   * @param units
   *          core thread time out units
   * @param name
   *          thread pool name
   * @param emitThreadPoolMetrics
   *          When set to true will emit metrics and register the metrics in a static registry.
   *          After the thread pool is deleted, there will still be metrics objects related to it in
   *          the static registry. There is no way to clean these left over objects up therefore its
   *          recommended that this option only be set true for long lived thread pools. Creating
   *          lots of short lived thread pools and registering them can lead to out of memory errors
   *          over long time periods.
   * @return ThreadPoolExecutor
   */
  public ThreadPoolExecutor createFixedThreadPool(int numThreads, long timeOut, TimeUnit units,
      final String name, boolean emitThreadPoolMetrics) {
    return createThreadPool(numThreads, numThreads, timeOut, units, name, emitThreadPoolMetrics);
  }

  /**
   * Create a named thread pool
   *
   * @param coreThreads
   *          number of threads
   * @param maxThreads
   *          max number of threads
   * @param timeOut
   *          core thread time out
   * @param units
   *          core thread time out units
   * @param name
   *          thread pool name
   * @param emitThreadPoolMetrics
   *          When set to true will emit metrics and register the metrics in a static registry.
   *          After the thread pool is deleted, there will still be metrics objects related to it in
   *          the static registry. There is no way to clean these left over objects up therefore its
   *          recommended that this option only be set true for long lived thread pools. Creating
   *          lots of short lived thread pools and registering them can lead to out of memory errors
   *          over long time periods.
   * @return ThreadPoolExecutor
   */
  public ThreadPoolExecutor createThreadPool(int coreThreads, int maxThreads, long timeOut,
      TimeUnit units, final String name, boolean emitThreadPoolMetrics) {
    return createThreadPool(coreThreads, maxThreads, timeOut, units, name,
        new LinkedBlockingQueue<>(), emitThreadPoolMetrics);
  }

  /**
   * Create a named thread pool
   *
   * @param coreThreads
   *          number of threads
   * @param maxThreads
   *          max number of threads
   * @param timeOut
   *          core thread time out
   * @param units
   *          core thread time out units
   * @param name
   *          thread pool name
   * @param queue
   *          queue to use for tasks
   * @param emitThreadPoolMetrics
   *          When set to true will emit metrics and register the metrics in a static registry.
   *          After the thread pool is deleted, there will still be metrics objects related to it in
   *          the static registry. There is no way to clean these left over objects up therefore its
   *          recommended that this option only be set true for long lived thread pools. Creating
   *          lots of short lived thread pools and registering them can lead to out of memory errors
   *          over long time periods.
   * @return ThreadPoolExecutor
   */
  public ThreadPoolExecutor createThreadPool(int coreThreads, int maxThreads, long timeOut,
      TimeUnit units, final String name, BlockingQueue<Runnable> queue,
      boolean emitThreadPoolMetrics) {
    return createThreadPool(coreThreads, maxThreads, timeOut, units, name, queue,
        OptionalInt.empty(), emitThreadPoolMetrics);
  }

  /**
   * Create a named thread pool
   *
   * @param coreThreads
   *          number of threads
   * @param maxThreads
   *          max number of threads
   * @param timeOut
   *          core thread time out
   * @param units
   *          core thread time out units
   * @param name
   *          thread pool name
   * @param queue
   *          queue to use for tasks
   * @param priority
   *          thread priority
   * @param emitThreadPoolMetrics
   *          When set to true will emit metrics and register the metrics in a static registry.
   *          After the thread pool is deleted, there will still be metrics objects related to it in
   *          the static registry. There is no way to clean these left over objects up therefore its
   *          recommended that this option only be set true for long lived thread pools. Creating
   *          lots of short lived thread pools and registering them can lead to out of memory errors
   *          over long time periods.
   * @return ThreadPoolExecutor
   */
  public ThreadPoolExecutor createThreadPool(int coreThreads, int maxThreads, long timeOut,
      TimeUnit units, final String name, BlockingQueue<Runnable> queue, OptionalInt priority,
      boolean emitThreadPoolMetrics) {
    LOG.trace(
        "Creating ThreadPoolExecutor for {} with {} core threads and {} max threads {} {} timeout",
        name, coreThreads, maxThreads, timeOut, units);
    var result = new ThreadPoolExecutor(coreThreads, maxThreads, timeOut, units, queue,
        new NamedThreadFactory(name, priority, handler)) {

      @Override
      public void execute(Runnable arg0) {
        super.execute(TraceUtil.wrap(arg0));
      }

      @Override
      public boolean remove(Runnable task) {
        return super.remove(TraceUtil.wrap(task));
      }

      @Override
      public <T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task) {
        return super.submit(TraceUtil.wrap(task));
      }

      @Override
      public <T> Future<T> submit(Runnable task, T result) {
        return super.submit(TraceUtil.wrap(task), result);
      }

      @Override
      public Future<?> submit(Runnable task) {
        return super.submit(TraceUtil.wrap(task));
      }
    };
    if (timeOut > 0) {
      result.allowCoreThreadTimeOut(true);
    }
    if (emitThreadPoolMetrics) {
      MetricsUtil.addExecutorServiceMetrics(result, name);
    }
    return result;
  }

  /*
   * If you need the server-side shared ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor, then use
   * ServerContext.getScheduledExecutor()
   */
  public ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor
      createGeneralScheduledExecutorService(AccumuloConfiguration conf) {
    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
    Property oldProp = Property.GENERAL_SIMPLETIMER_THREADPOOL_SIZE;
    Property prop = conf.resolve(Property.GENERAL_THREADPOOL_SIZE, oldProp);
    return (ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor) createExecutorService(conf, prop, true);
  }

  /**
   * Create a named ScheduledThreadPool
   *
   * @param numThreads
   *          number of threads
   * @param name
   *          thread pool name
   * @param emitThreadPoolMetrics
   *          When set to true will emit metrics and register the metrics in a static registry.
   *          After the thread pool is deleted, there will still be metrics objects related to it in
   *          the static registry. There is no way to clean these left over objects up therefore its
   *          recommended that this option only be set true for long lived thread pools. Creating
   *          lots of short lived thread pools and registering them can lead to out of memory errors
   *          over long time periods.
   * @return ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor
   */
  public ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor createScheduledExecutorService(int numThreads,
      final String name, boolean emitThreadPoolMetrics) {
    LOG.trace("Creating ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor for {} with {} threads", name, numThreads);
    var result =
        new ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor(numThreads, new NamedThreadFactory(name, handler)) {

          @Override
          public void execute(Runnable command) {
            super.execute(TraceUtil.wrap(command));
          }

          @Override
          public <V> ScheduledFuture<V> schedule(Callable<V> callable, long delay, TimeUnit unit) {
            return super.schedule(TraceUtil.wrap(callable), delay, unit);
          }

          @Override
          public ScheduledFuture<?> schedule(Runnable command, long delay, TimeUnit unit) {
            return super.schedule(TraceUtil.wrap(command), delay, unit);
          }

          @Override
          public ScheduledFuture<?> scheduleAtFixedRate(Runnable command, long initialDelay,
              long period, TimeUnit unit) {
            return super.scheduleAtFixedRate(TraceUtil.wrap(command), initialDelay, period, unit);
          }

          @Override
          public ScheduledFuture<?> scheduleWithFixedDelay(Runnable command, long initialDelay,
              long delay, TimeUnit unit) {
            return super.scheduleWithFixedDelay(TraceUtil.wrap(command), initialDelay, delay, unit);
          }

          @Override
          public <T> Future<T> submit(Callable<T> task) {
            return super.submit(TraceUtil.wrap(task));
          }

          @Override
          public <T> Future<T> submit(Runnable task, T result) {
            return super.submit(TraceUtil.wrap(task), result);
          }

          @Override
          public Future<?> submit(Runnable task) {
            return super.submit(TraceUtil.wrap(task));
          }

          @Override
          public boolean remove(Runnable task) {
            return super.remove(TraceUtil.wrap(task));
          }

        };
    if (emitThreadPoolMetrics) {
      MetricsUtil.addExecutorServiceMetrics(result, name);
    }
    return result;
  }

}


text:
package org.kuali.rice.location.impl.county;

import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.kuali.rice.core.api.criteria.CriteriaLookupService;
import org.kuali.rice.core.api.criteria.GenericQueryResults;
import org.kuali.rice.core.api.criteria.QueryByCriteria;
import org.kuali.rice.core.api.exception.RiceIllegalArgumentException;
import org.kuali.rice.krad.service.BusinessObjectService;
import org.kuali.rice.location.api.county.County;
import org.kuali.rice.location.api.county.CountyQueryResults;
import org.kuali.rice.location.api.county.CountyService;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

public class CountyServiceImpl implements CountyService {

    private BusinessObjectService businessObjectService;
    private CriteriaLookupService criteriaLookupService;

    @Override
    public County getCounty(String countryCode, String stateCode, String code) {
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(countryCode)) {
            throw new RiceIllegalArgumentException(("countryCode is null"));
        }

        if (StringUtils.isBlank(code)) {
            throw new RiceIllegalArgumentException(("code is null"));
        }

        if (StringUtils.isBlank(stateCode)) {
            throw new RiceIllegalArgumentException(("stateCode is null"));
        }

        final Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("countryCode", countryCode);
        map.put("stateCode", stateCode);
        map.put("code", code);

        return CountyBo.to(businessObjectService.findByPrimaryKey(CountyBo.class, Collections.unmodifiableMap(map)));
    }

    @Override
    public List<County> findAllCountiesInCountryAndState(String countryCode, String stateCode) {
        if (StringUtils.isBlank(countryCode)) {
            throw new RiceIllegalArgumentException(("countryCode is null"));
        }

        if (StringUtils.isBlank(stateCode)) {
            throw new RiceIllegalArgumentException(("stateCode is null"));
        }

        final Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("countryCode", countryCode);
        map.put("stateCode", stateCode);
        map.put("active", Boolean.TRUE);

        final Collection<CountyBo> bos = businessObjectService.findMatching(CountyBo.class, Collections.unmodifiableMap(map));
        if (bos == null) {
            return Collections.emptyList();
        }

        final List<County> toReturn = new ArrayList<County>();
        for (CountyBo bo : bos) {
            if (bo != null && bo.isActive()) {
                toReturn.add(CountyBo.to(bo));
            }
        }

        return Collections.unmodifiableList(toReturn);
    }

    @Override
    public CountyQueryResults findCounties(QueryByCriteria queryByCriteria) throws RiceIllegalArgumentException {
        incomingParamCheck(queryByCriteria, "queryByCriteria");

        GenericQueryResults<CountyBo> results = criteriaLookupService.lookup(CountyBo.class, queryByCriteria);

        CountyQueryResults.Builder builder = CountyQueryResults.Builder.create();
        builder.setMoreResultsAvailable(results.isMoreResultsAvailable());
        builder.setTotalRowCount(results.getTotalRowCount());

        final List<County.Builder> ims = new ArrayList<County.Builder>();
        for (CountyBo bo : results.getResults()) {
            ims.add(County.Builder.create(bo));
        }

        builder.setResults(ims);
        return builder.build();
    }

    public void setBusinessObjectService(BusinessObjectService businessObjectService) {
        this.businessObjectService = businessObjectService;
    }

    private void incomingParamCheck(Object object, String name) {
        if (object == null) {
            throw new RiceIllegalArgumentException(name + " was null");
        } else if (object instanceof String
                && StringUtils.isBlank((String) object)) {
            throw new RiceIllegalArgumentException(name + " was blank");
        }
    }

    /**
     * Sets the criteriaLookupService attribute value.
     *
     * @param criteriaLookupService The criteriaLookupService to set.
     */
    public void setCriteriaLookupService(final CriteriaLookupService criteriaLookupService) {
        this.criteriaLookupService = criteriaLookupService;
    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Had my heart broken again this week. A young mother 'lost it' and hurt her child, finally dropping the 3-year-old girl off a 3rd floor balcony in a nearby apartment complex. The child didn't die but was severely wounded by both the fall and what preceded the fall. She is currently in the Medical University Hospital in acute care and the mother is in jail. Merry Christmas. There have been all kinds of reactions to this news, as there invariably are. But my first thought is, if there had been someone to help, someone to call when the mother's tension was escalating, maybe this could have been prevented.
I know from first hand experience that children can be overwhelming. There has been more than one occasion in my life as a parent, where I was overwhelmed and lost control. Luckily for me, I had a great support system: a husband/partner, friends and relatives I could call. My stepmother laughs over the many times she helped me hold it together long distance. And my own daughter tells me I frequently threatened to flush one or both of my children down the toilet or ship them in a box to their grandparents. Then I'd call my dad or stepmother and tell them to be on the lookout for a big box with air holes! But I didn't do any of those things. Not because I'm such a wonderful person all by myself, but because there was a system to support me.
So this is the challenge: How can we support each other? How can we be there when a parent needs a minute to breathe, regroup, or meet the bus? There must be a way. I am committed to finding a way to help in my own community. There are so many people who retire to this community for the climate and the beauty. There must be a way that those of us who care can be available for those of us who need it. Not just at Christmas but all year long.


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text:
Winston And Julia essay example
There is a reoccurring theme in the novel 1984, by George Orwell. The main character, Winston Smith is often fantasizing about his utopia, and dreaming about past events. In a world where everyone is controlled and everything is decided for you, Winston relies on his subconscious mind to maintain his sanity. Winston works rewriting the past in a department for the Party. His memories of the past are usually the opposite of the Party's version of the past.
Winston is very confused about whether or not he is losing his mind. His dreams reveal the reality of the Party and the truth of the past, enabling him to trust his own instinct of what is right and wrong, keeping it clear in his mind what the past was really like. In one dream Winston envisioned his mother and his baby sister sinking into a well or lowering off the side of a ship - he wasn't quite sure. He felt as if they were being sucked towards death. He knew they were sacrificing their lives for his own. Winston realizes. ".. that his mothers death, nearly 30 years ago, had been tragic and sorrowful in a way that was no longer possible" (Orwell 28).
He believed that the feelings of tragedy, privacy, love, and friendship were things of past times. The memory of his mother's death saddened him because he knew that she had died loving him, all the while he was too young and selfish to love her back. The loyalty his mother had for him does not exist in 1984. There is only fear and hatred and pain. Winston had another dream of the disappearance of his mother.
He remembered a time of chaos and depression when he was about 10 or 12 years old. His father had disappeared sometime earlier. Food was scarce but his mother did what she could to comfort her children. Winston was always hungry, and that drove him to steal bits of food from his sister's plate. "He knew he was starving the other two, but he couldn't help it; he even felt he had a right to do it" (134). A chocolat ration had been issued and the family had a two ounce piece for the three of them.
Winston, of course, demanded the whole piece. His mother responded by telling him not to be greedy. She gave him the majority of the piece and the rest to his little sister, but he stole it from her. She started to cry while Winston ran away with the chocolate. His mother held his baby sister in her arms, trying to console her. It did not produce more chocolate, but it was only natural for her to do it.
His mother was an unusual woman, yet intelligent, noble and pure, "her feelings were her own, and could not be altered from the outside" (136). He realized that in those times if you loved someone, you loved them from the bottom of your heart, no matter what. If you had nothing else to give, you gave love. Contrasting this with today, Winston recognized that the Party persuades you to think that impulses and feelings are unimportant, ultimately robbing you of your power.
Whatever happens really makes no difference, in the end you are vanished. What mattered then were individual relationships, nowadays people had become hard on the inside. Emotions are the only weapon against the Party, they cannot stop you from loving someone, because it isn't something you can control. After he had eaten the chocolate he felt ashamed, but that lifted when hunger stroke again. His mother had disappeared by the time he had returned. While Winston was sitting in his cell at the ministry of love, a memory floated into his mind.
He remembered playing a board game with his mother, while his sister watched. She had gone out to buy the game of Snakes & Ladders because Winston had been whining of boredom. It was a cracked board, and poorly made. Winston was very disappointed with it, but he became intrigued when his mother started to play.
"For a whole afternoon they had been happy together, as in his earlier childhood."His affection for her had temporarily revived" (243). Winston suddenly pushed this thought out of his mind as if it were a false memory. At this stage of Winston's life he no longer believed that this was the reality of the past, he thought it was a false memory. He could no longer distinguish between fact and fiction; he now believed the only love that existed was that for Big Brother. He did not want to admit that his memories of the past were the truth.
This is the turning point for him, where he no longer uses his memories to guide him. In the same respect as his dreams, Winston fantasizes to keep his hopes up. He has fantasies about his utopia the Golden Country. The Golden Country was an old pasture with a path, and a mole hole here and there. There were elm trees that swayed faintly in the breeze.
Somewhere that couldn't be seen was a stream with willow tress. Winston dreamt of the golden country so often that he wasn't sure if he had seen it in real life. He had pictured Julia (at that time she was "the girl with dark hair", before they had met) coming toward him in the field. She had thrown her clothes aside with a graceful, careless gesture. This impressed him. Not her nudity, but the way she did it.
It was as though Big Brother, the Party and the Thought Police had been swept aside; you could do what you wanted a notion of ancient times. It was this possibility that gave Winston something to look forward to. When Winston and Julia met on their first getaway she took him to the countryside outside of London. It looked very similar to what he had seen before with a footpath, pasture and elm trees that swayed in the wind. Winston asked Julia if there was a stream nearby and she confirmed that there was. "It's the Golden Country - almost", Winston had told her (103).
Julia and Winston acted out their desires, like in his fantasy. Julia was exactly what Winston had wanted. She wasn't pure or perfectly good. He wanted her love, but also he wanted "the animal instinct, the simple undifferentiated desire: the force that would tear the Party to pieces". This newfound love for Winston was like a blessing. It was his weapon against the party, in this lifetime that was definitely something to be grateful for.
Furthermore, Winston had bought a glass paperweight from Mr. Charrington's Antique shop. He found the inside very intriguing. It had a depth to it, even though it was transparent. He thought of the outside arch as the sky and the inside as a complete little world. He imagined he was inside, along with Julia and their apartment. The symbolism of this paperweight indicates that Winston feels protected from reality of the real world, the Party.
The outside glass is his protection. The inside contains his Golden Country and perfect relationship with Julia, transparent and free of flaws. They have a stronger emotional bond than the average relationship of those days. This is his escape from the harsh reality. The dreams and fantasies that Winston has allow him to remain in a positive state of mind; it is because of this that the Party does not overpower him. Winston and Julia had a conversation about the lies of the Party.
Julia learnt at school that the Party had invented airplanes. Winston argued that airplanes had been invented long before the days of the Party. Julia, also did not remember that 4 years prior, Oceania had been at war with East asia. She thought they had always been at war with Eurasia.
The fact that Julia did not remember these things "frightened him a little" (127). Julia is clearly not the only person who doesn't know this factual knowledge evident to Winston. Winston's memory is what sets him apart from others. The Party has failed in making him believe their lies. He has won, so far, by remembering the truth and trying to remind others. Winston and Julia visit O'Brien at his home.
They told him that they believed that there was a. ".. secret organization working against the Party" and they wanted to join (140). Without hesitation Winston agrees to: give his life, commit murder, commit acts of sabotage, betray his country, and even throw sulfuric acid in a child's face. Neither Winston nor Julia agreed to be separated from one another. Winston is definitely devoted to oppose the Party, and it is evident that he would do whatever it takes. Although, from his dreams he has realized that his love for Julia is his firearm against the Party and he finds strength and support in her. When Winston began to regain his health in the ministry of love he began to dream a great deal.
They were all surpassingly happy dreams. He would dream himself into the Golden Country with his mother, Julia and even O'Brien. "Such thoughts as he had when he was awake were mostly about his dreams" (227). Previously he had told O'Brien that he believed that even if he gave up, the spirit of mankind could overthrow the Party.
He had almost completely given into the Party but he had not betrayed Julia. Winston did not want to give up the possibility that the Party could be destroyed. Finally, at the end of the story Winston gave into the Party, but willingly. He had made a good effort to remain an individual but he decided it just wasn't worth the struggle any longer.
Winston knows the truth deep down. We should learn from his example to trust our gut feelings and believe in ourselves. Winston didn't let anyone change him and neither should we. It is important to find strength in yourself and in the relationships you have with others.
Winston And Julia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Scope of Work: Professional Systems Engineering, LLC supplied security consulting and design services for this 385,000 SF inner city high school built in 1974 with a student capacity of 2,300 to confront mounting concerns of student behavioral issues. PSE was the consulting firm throughout the 4 phases of the video surveillance system designed for the Chester High School.
The district's budgeting needs required PSE to phase the design within fiscal and budget goals. Each PSE design met the assigned budget perfectly while providing the Owner maximum value.
PSE incorporated the latest video over twisted pair technology and digital recording to meet the financial demands associated with this large school security retrofit.


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Enjoying a prime location at the heart of Sukhumvit, this upscale hotel is the ideal option for business and leisure travellers alike. The hotel is situated just 500 metres from Ploenchit BTS Skytrain Station, offering ease of access to other attractions and points of interest in the city. The hotel is located just 2 km from the exciting Platinum Shopping Mall and Central World Department Store. Welcoming guests with a magnificent architectural style and the promise of unrivaled service and excellence, this delightful hotel is sure to impress even the most discerning traveller. The guest rooms are sumptuously appointed, offering a haven of peace and serenity in which to completely relax and unwind. This hotel offers unbridled luxury, as well as exemplary facilities, catering to the needs and comforts of every type of traveller.


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On their left hand they saw the Thermae of Caracalla, their external magnificence scarce touched by decay, but waterless, desolate; in front rose the Caelian, covered with edifices, many in ruin, and with neglected or altogether wild gardens; the road along which they went was almost as silent as that without the walls.
The interior of the cabins corresponded with their external appearance: they were filled with filth and misery. We reached Lugo about two hours past noon: during the last two or three leagues, I became so overpowered with weariness, the result of want of sleep and my late illness, that I was continually dozing in my saddle, so that I took but little notice of what was passing.
Ballingal records the death of a soldier from flogging; Davidson has reported a similar case, and there is a death from the same cause cited in the Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal for 1846. Idiosyncrasy is a peculiarity of constitution whereby an individual is affected by external agents in a different manner from others.
No one, I imagine, would dream of seeking in the direct influence of the external conditions of his life for the cause of the development of the sixth finger and toe in the famous Maltese. I conceive that both hereditary transmission and adaptation need to be analysed into their constituent conditions by the further application of the doctrine of the Struggle for Existence.
The evolution of living organisms, from the lowest to the highest, with the development of all their parts and functions, results from the co-operation of various factors, external and internal, whose action is ultimately reducible to the universal law. The field of psychology is intimately allied with biology, and yet istinguished from it.
External facts were horribly strong just now; and faith, except to one who had learned that Will and Grace were all and emotion nothing, was as a child crawling about in the midst of some huge machinery: it might survive or it might not; but it required nerves of steel to keep steady. It was hard to know where blame could be assigned; yet Percy's faith told him that there was blame due.
But more than this, working by proxy, Jesus gave even external form to his church, employing for this purpose his chosen apostles, to whom he gave special instruction and authority. Even during his personal ministry Jesus performed some of his work by proxy. So also in the organization of the church. The germ of that organization existed during Christ's personal ministry.
So far Tudor monarchy had proved an adequate exponent of English nationalism, because nationalism had been concerned mainly with the external problems of defence against foreign powers and jurisdictions.
Among the collateral results of this conscientious choice will be a certain enjoyment of life, more independent of either health or external circumstances than any other can be, and the lofty self-respect arising from a consciousness of never having descended to unworthy methods of amusement and excitement.


Thanks to the excellent cream separators that are now available on the market, you can make fresh cream and butter at home. Now you can enjoy fresh butter made with the ingredients that you choose in order to get the taste you want and the nutrition that you need.
Fresh cream and butter is something that more people are embracing thanks to simple cream separating devices that makes milk separation process fast easy.
There are many advantages to making fresh butter at home as opposed to traditional store-bought butter. From a nutritional, taste and health standpoint, it really pays to make your own butter from the type of fresh milk that best suits your needs.
Taste: While standard butter created from goat or cow milk is certainly delicious, you can add ingredients such as sage leaves, thyme flowers, Monique or other sweeteners, herbs and spices that add zest to your creation. Many of these ingredients will soften the butter as well to make it smoother for your breads and rolls.
Nutrition: In addition to making the type of butter you want, there is the nutritional aspect as well. Butter made from goats or grass-fed cows has desirable features beyond the taste. This type of butter includes more beneficial fatty acids that helps in reducing the bad cholesterol and even protecting against certain forms of cancer as well.
In addition, this type of butter has more Vitamin E and beta-carotenes which are very healthy for the body and the best part is that there are no preservatives. You can make fresh butter when you want and keep it in the refrigerator so that it stays fresh for many days.
Cost: Admittedly, store-bought butter is fairly cheap, but considering all the preservatives it contains, it's not really worth it for the health of your family. However, making your own fresh butter is fairly cheap as well since all you need is the milk and a cream separator if you want to make it from goat's milk.
About the only advantage that cow milk offers in terms of making fresh butter is that you don't need a cream separator to get the job done. Cow milk has larger fat globules that make it easy to separate without the need of an external device. However, using cream separator makes the separation much faster, as you do not have to let the milk naturally separate for at least 24 hrs. The job can be done in 10-15 minutes.
Better Digestion: For those who have stomachs that are sensitive to cow milk, you'll find that goat milk is simply a lot easier to digest precisely because of the smaller fat globules that pass through the system much more quickly than cow milk. In addition, the amount of medium chain triglycerides help speed up the overall process of digestion as well so you don't feel bloated or heavy after consuming goat milk.
Lactose Intolerance: For those who are lactose intolerant to cow milk, there is a 50/50 chance that goat milk can be consumed without difficulty. This is also true for those who are allergic to cow milk as goat milk has more desirable properties for the digestive system. A substantial number of lactose intolerance is caused by the alpha S1 casein protein which is not found in goat milk.
Bio-organic Sodium: Goat milk produces more bio-organic sodium than cow milk which is very important to relieving digestive issues such as bloating and even ulcers. Today, we consume so much food that depletes the body of this important ingredient that it may take goat milk to help restore the natural amount in the body.
Better Nutritional Value: Goat milk has more Vitamin A that can be absorbed more quickly as well. Plus, it has more riboflavin or B2 which helps you metabolize proteins and carbohydrates better as well as stimulating your immune system. In addition, there is more protein and calcium in goat milk that in cow milk as well. For these reasons and the fact that goat milk can actually reduce your bad cholesterol level, it is superior to cow milk.
Now that the nutritional value of goat milk has been impressed upon you, having a cream separator to use in creating butter from goat milk is important if you want to increase the nutritional benefits by consuming this healthy product in cream and butter form as well.
Cream separators are easy to use, durable in construction and provide a very practical use in your home that goes beyond making butter. However, they are vital to turning goat milk into butter because of the nature of the milk itself. Using a cream separator requires just a little patience and following instructions, but it only take minutes to accomplish the task when you have the right separator for your needs. Be sure that the cream separator you choose is fashioned from high quality parts and comes from a reputable manufacturer.
Making butter from fresh cream is a fast and easy process, we will discuss it in our next post. Should you decide to make butter in larger quantities you can purchase an electric butter churn from Slavic Beauty as well.
By following the instructions, you can quickly make fresh cream while using a cream separator. You can later use the cream to make delicious butter. Having such a device in your home makes it possible for you and your family to enjoy fresh cream and butter when you want and get the nutritional benefits as well. In addition, you can garnish the butter with different herbs or ingredients that add the right flavor to match your taste.
In the end, making fresh butter is the healthy choice for you and your family. A good cream separator makes that possible when you are separating healthy goat milk to get the job accomplished. Be sure to check out the different types of cream separators available and choose the one that best suits your needs so you can have good, fresh cream and butter.


text:
2018 headlines
2018 Team Headlines
Hornets come up short against Schuylkill Haven
Hornets come up short against Schuylkill Haven.
By: Ed Weaver | WellsboroAthletics.com | June 5, 2018 | Photo courtesy Ed Weaver
The Wellsboro Varsity Baseball team's season came to an end after a 4-1 loss to Schuylkill Haven at Pottsville High School in the opening round of the PIAA playoffs on Monday, June 4.
Things started off well for the Hornets as they took an early lead in the top of the first. Junior Cam Tennis started things off with a bloop infield single then advanced over to third on a base hit by sophomore Billy Lechler. Sophomore Carson Davis then drove Tennis home as he grounded out to first an at bat later.
Wellsboro's lead was short-lived however, as the Hurricanes answered back right away in the bottom half of the inning. With one out Niklaus Yeastedt walked and a monster double to Austin Clauser to left-center field scored Yeastedt to tie it at 1-1.
From that point on both teams were held scoreless in a defensive dog fight. Both teams combined for just four hits until the Hurricanes broke things open in the bottom of the sixth.
Pitcher Brandon Schaeffer led off with a line drive single between first and second and Dillon Dress came up with an infield single to put two men on. An RBI single to shallow right field by Jake Luckenbill scored Jake D'Arco, running for Schaeffer, to break the tie and put Schuylkill Haven up 2-1. One batter later Josh Kalyan hit a sacrifice fly to right field to score Dress to make it 3-1, then Luckenbill scored to make it 4-1 as Albe Evans reached on an error.
Down to their final three outs, Wellsboro came to the plate. Senior Johnny Rowland reached on an error to start the top of the seventh, but the Hornets were quickly down to their final out on back-to-back strikeouts. Sophomore Silas Wagaman collected the Hornets' final hit, a single over third base, before the game came to an end an at bat later.
Wagaman and Lechler both went 2-for-3 to lead Wellsboro at the plate with Cam Tennis picking up the other Hornet base hit.
"It was a tight game and Schaeffer really turned it on midway through the game. Give him credit he pitched a heck of a game," said head coach Philip Prough after his final game as the Wellsboro skipper (87-57-1). "I think Johnny got a little tired, not a lot but a little bit, enough that they got a couple hits in there and of course an error at short stop, but all in all I think for the talent level we had compared to what we were facing I'm really pleased and proud of the kids and how they came to battle. Our team's scrappy, they aren't the biggest but it's a scrappy team and when they bring the fight they're a tough team to beat. It was a good game and I'm pleased with their performance."
While the end of the season end's Prough's career as head coach, it also marks the final game for seniors Dalton Prough, Caleb Tennis, Parker Mann, and Rowland.
Rowland finishes his career 72-for-248 (.290) with 61 runs scored, 7 doubles, 28 RBIs, 27 stolen bases, and a 19-7 record on the mound with 99 strikeouts.
Caleb Tennis was 57-for-181 (.315) with 27 runs scored, 6 doubles, 1 home run, and 34 RBIs.
Mann was 16-for-86 (.186) with 8 RBIs.
Prough finished his career 100-for-274 (.365) with 99 runs, 18 doubles, 2 triples, and 42 RBIs.
The Hornets (15-7, 13-1 NTL Large School Division) finish the 2018 campaign as NTL Large School Division champions and District IV Class AA runners up.
Ed Weaver
Ed Weaver is the owner of Circle W Sports in Wellsboro, PA, is the Sports Director for The Home Page Network and the creator of WellsboroAthletics.com and WellsboroFootball.com. You can follow him on Twitter or friend him on Facebook.
Billy LechlerCaleb TennisCam TennisCarson DavisDalton ProughDistrict 4Johnny RowlandNorthern Tier LeagueNTLParker MannPhilip ProughPIAAPIAA PlayoffsSilas WagamanVarsity GamesWellsboro


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text:
Државни функционери Руске Федерације () изабрана или именована су лица која непосредно врше надлежности федералних државних органа Руске Федерације.

Они не улазе у ред државних службеника нити им се додјељују класни чинови федералне државне грађанске службе. Могу им се давати војна и специјална звања, дипломатски рангови и класни чинови полицијске службе.

Списак

Државни функционери Руске Федерације су:
 предсједник Руске Федерације;
 предсједник Владе Руске Федерације;
 први замјеник предсједника Владе Руске Федерације;
 замјеник предсједника Владе Руске Федерације — опуномоћени представник предсједника Руске Федерације у федералном округу;
 замјеник предсједника Владе Руске Федерације;
 замјеник предсједника Владе Руске Федерације — руководилац Апарата Владе Руске Федерације;
 министар Руске Федерације — опуномоћени представник предсједника Руске Федерације у федералном округу;
 министар Руске Федерације — руководилац Апарата Владе Руске Федерације;
 федерални министар;
 ванредни и опуномоћени амбасадор Руске Федерације (у страној држави);
 стални представник (представник, стални посматрач) Руске Федерације при међународној организацији (у страној држави);
 предсједник Савјета Федерације Федералне скупштине Руске Федерације;
 први замјеник, замјеник предсједника Савјета Федерације Федералне скупштине Руске Федерације;
 предсједник, замјеник предсједника одбора (комисије) Савјета Федерације Федералне скупштине Руске Федерације;
 члан одбора (комисије) Савјета Федерације Федералне скупштине Руске Федерације;
 предсједник Државне думе Федералне скупштине Руске Федерације;
 први замјеник, замјеник предсједника Државне думе Федералне скупштине Руске Федерације;
 предсједник, замјеник предсједника одбора (комисије) Државне думе Федералне скупштине Руске Федерације;
 предсједник пододбора Државне думе Федералне скупштине Руске Федерације;
 члан одбора (комисије) Државне думе Федералне скупштине Руске Федерације;
 предсједник Уставног суда Руске Федерације;
 замјеник предсједника Уставног суда Руске Федерације;
 судија-секретар Уставног суда Руске Федерације;
 судија Уставног суда Руске Федерације;
 предсједник Врховног суда Руске Федерације;
 први замјеник, замјеник предсједника Врховног суда Руске Федерације;
 судија Врховног суда Руске Федерације;
 предсједник Високог арбитражног суда Руске Федерације;
 први замјеник, замјеник предсједника Високог арбитражног суда Руске Федерације;
 судија Високог арбитражног суда Руске Федерације;
 генерални тужилац Руске Федерације;
 предсједник Истражног комитета Руске Федерације;
 секретар Савјета безбједности Руске Федерације;
 опуномоћени за права човјека у Руској Федерацији;
 опуномоћени при предсједнику Руске Федерације за заштиту права предузетника;
 руководилац високог државног органа извршне власти субјекта Руске Федерације;
 предсједник Рачунске коморе Руске Федерације;
 замјеник предсједника Рачунске коморе Руске Федерације;
 аудитор Рачунске коморе Руске Федерације;
 предсједник Централне банке Руске Федерације;
 предсједник Централне изборне комисије Руске Федерације;
 замјеник предсједника Централне изборне комисије Руске Федерације;
 секретар Централне изборне комисије Руске Федерације;
 члан Централне изборне комисије Руске Федерације;
 предсједник федералног суда;
 замјеник предсједника федералног суда;
 судија федералног суда;
 генерални директор Судског департмана при Врховном суду Руске Федерације.

Види још
 Државни службеници Руске Федерације
 Дипломатски рангови Руске Федерације

Извори

Спољашње везе
 Указ Президента РФ от 11 января 1995 г. N 32 "О государственных должностях Российской Федерации" (с изменениями и дополнениями) — Приложение. Сводный перечень государственных должностей Российской Федерации

Политика Русије

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Updated May 8, 2019 at 6:04 PM
Two-thirds of the world's longest rivers are no longer free-flowing
''Free-flowing rivers are important for humans and the environment alike," researcher Günther Grill said.
Brooks Hays
Only a third of the world's longest rivers remain free-flowing. Photo by Paul Colangelo/WWF-US
May 8 (UPI) -- Just more than a third of the planet's longest 246 rivers are still free-flowing, according to a new survey. The majority are interrupted by dams and reservoirs.
The new survey, conducted by scientists with McGill University, World Wildlife Fund and several other international research institutions, was published Wednesday in the journal Nature. It is the first global assessment of the planet's remaining free-flowing rivers.
Researchers determined that of the 91 ocean-bound rivers stretching longer than 600 miles, only 21 retain a direct connection to the sea. Most of the remaining free-flowing rivers are found in the Arctic, Amazon and Congo.
"The world's rivers form an intricate network with vital links to land, groundwater and the atmosphere,'' Günther Grill, a post-doctoral research fellow in the department of geography at McGill University, said in a news release. ''Free-flowing rivers are important for humans and the environment alike, yet economic development around the world is making them increasingly rare. Using satellite imagery and other data, our study examines the extent of these rivers in more detail than ever before."
RELATED Thawing permafrost leaves traceable carbon footprint in Arctic rivers
Earth is home to more than 60,000 dams. Another 3,700 are currently planned or under construction. And while these structures can provide benefits in the form of flood control and electricity, dams also caused myriad ecological problems.
Several studies suggest large water infrastructure projects actually exacerbate the water use problems caused by drought. And because the costs and benefits of dams and reservoirs are often analyzed on only a localized scale, their indirect impacts are often ignored. Research suggests the construction of dams and reservoirs harm the health of habitats and ecosystems downstream, undermining the ecological benefits of wetlands and estuaries.
"Rivers are the lifeblood of our planet," said Michele Thieme, lead freshwater scientist at WWF. "They provide diverse benefits that are often overlooked and undervalued. This first-ever map of the world's remaining free-flowing rivers will help decision makers prioritize and protect the full value rivers give to people and nature."
RELATED Wildlife in British rivers test positive for cocaine, pharmaceuticals
In addition to providing habitat for thousands of diverse plant and animal species -- including valuable commercial fish stocks -- rivers also deliver sediment to ecosystems downstream. Coastal deltas, fed by inland sediments deposited from hundreds of miles away, help protect urban centers from large storms and devastating floods.
Earth's rivers are already increasingly effected by runoff and other kinds of pollution, as well as climate change, deforestation and all kinds of human development. The authors of the latest survey suggest policy makers need to keep a closer watch on the effects of damns and reservoirs on the planet's most important freshwater resources, even of if some of those projects are built with good intentions.
"Renewable energy is like a recipe -- you have to find the right mix of ingredients to have both a sustainable energy grid and a thriving natural world," said Thieme. "While hydropower inevitably has a role to play in the renewable energy landscape, well-planned wind and solar energy can be more viable options for rivers and the communities, cities, and biodiversity that rely on them."
RELATED Hydroelectric dams harm coastal ecosystems downstream
New lizard species found in guts of microraptor
Japan's Hayabusa-2 completes second asteroid touchdown, collects another sample
Wildfires disrupt moth-flower relationships, increasing risk of extinctions
Harsh conditions drive female mammals to kill offspring of competitors
Giant iceberg on the move in Antarctica


DISCLAIMER: This is by no means a complete guide on how to perform a complex and potentially dangerous aerobatic maneuver under a speedwing as this short compilation lacks vital and required detail information of the specific circumstances the maneuver is executed in.
See these words as what they are - a starting point - but be aware that specific wings or special circumstances (e.g. very light or very heavy pilots, very roll dampened wings etc.) may turn this maneuver into a very dangerous or even deadly undertaking.
BEFORE READING ON, PLEASE WATCH THE EXAMPLES BELOW IN ORDER TO BE FULLY AWARE OF THE CONSEQUENCES A BADLY EXECUTED BARREL ROLL WILL HAVE.
" I posted this video to help other friends-speed riders not to make my own stupid mistake. I did not have the ability to perform a barrel roll "a combination of a loop and a roll" - I am a helicopter, airplane pilot and skydiver, and for a moment I lost respect for this discipline, and humility to learn step by step . I was very lucky I only suffered a blow to the left shoulder and small bruises on my face. I apologize to all my friends and and my family. Next year I'll be ready to start again with humility my journey of student-Speed rider. Thanks Stefano "
The next one shows the outside perspective of a similar incident.
Dont be fooled by thinking it won't happen to me.... IT EASILY CAN HAPPEN TO YOU if you don't learn how to execute it properly, in the right conditions, with the right airspeed and the appropriate control inputs for your wing, wingload and swingweight combo - it takes zero experience to bury one brake, it takes a lot of experience to do it right and safe.
IMPORTANT REMARK REGARDING THOSE THREE VIDEOS: As you can see its nearly impossible to control a spinning speedwing, initially the spin develops so fast that any counter reaction is simply beyond human reaction speed.
If you dont feel ready for a potentially dangerous maneuver like a barrel roll, then please don't press yourself to perform it, don't waste your life for beeing a cool dude on youtube or vimeo - its NOT worth it.
In order to learn how to execute a barrel roll with acceptable risk the following steps have shown good results in real life. There are of corse many other ways to learn and execute a barrel roll, this is how we think it can be done with acceptable risk.
Enough Disclaimers, here's the stuff you came for, so lets get it on !
At first (at least for some ,-) shocking news: a barrel roll with a speedflyer is all, but surely NOT a barrel roll.
Why ? because your axis of rotation is between you and the wing, while in a true barrel roll (in fixed wing plane aerobatic terms) the axis of rotation would be ABOVE your wing- hance the name barrel roll as you fly a roll like you would follow the outer surface of giant barrel / cylinder.
So what usually is reffered to as a barrel roll (or roll, which it isn't either, as in a roll the plane rolls around its own center line) is in fact a horizontal spiral.
That may leave some confused, or even motivated to argue that, but it leaves us with a perfectly good starting point for learning it.
But lets not stress that too much and stick with the term "barrel roll" as it has established itself in our tiny little speedflying world for the maneuver we are talking about in this short article.
All three "how NOT to do it" videos in our intro disclaimer are "flick" style rolls, they are per se unsafe as there is too little or no pilot control during the maneuver and therefore should be avoided.
IT IS VERY IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THAT A "FLICK" / "SNAP" ROLL WORKS BY STALLING THE INSIDE WING, THATS WHY IT IS SO QUICK AND ESSENTIALLY UNCONTROLLED.
A "SNAP" Roll is a short, momentary spin on one (the inside / lower) wing halve an this creates a wingload spike (double wingload) on the other wing halve developing an enormous amount of lift for a short period of time until (If you are unlucky / too slow) that wing halve eventually stalls due to too high wingload with too little flying speed.
Now have a second look at Armins and Stefanos Video with that knowledge in mind - and make sure you NEVER pull too hard with too slow airspeed and end up in such a situation as the positive outcome is purely based on luck and luck alone.
PLEASE MAKE SURE YOU PROPERLY UNDERSTAND THIS, SO YOU HAVE UNDERSTOOD WHY (!) IT IS SO INCREDIBLE DANGEROUS TO JUST PULL ONE BRAKE AND HOPE FOR THE BEST WHEN ATTEMPTING TO LEARN HOW TO BARREL ROLL A SPEEDWING.
It is executed as a smooth maneuver in full control of the wing / pilot combo's flying path at all times.
In its roughest form there are no skills required, any idiot can do it, just lean over, pull on one brake, put the other up and pray that you will not spin the wing.. that said not a very skilled or controlled maneuver, nothing to be proud of as a pilot, as the positive (= you are alive) outcome is purely depending on your wings qualities and in some cases on a good portion of luck.
1st - learn how to execute a perfectly controlled spiral.
Most people attempting a barrel roll have never done this, nor think its necessary, but as a barrel roll is just a horizontal spiral its the logical and essential foundation of learning how to barrel roll in style and full control.
This way you get a very smooth, low G, constant turn- and decent- speed spiral.
The best way to perfect this kind of spirals is while soaring a bigger speedwing (14-16 sqm) in strong laminar winds - you climb 100m above launch, spiral down to the height of the ridgeline (in free airspace in front of the ridge of corse) and all over again - this allows you to perfect your timing and program your reflexes and nerve connections in a proper (= non stressful) learning environment.
That said NEVER execute this maneuver with less then 200m above ground - if you end up in fast spiral or double spiral you will loose at least 100m until you are able to stabilize the wing.
Practice this dozens of times while soaring to literally hammer the right sequence of actions and counteractions into your brain and muscle memory.
Flying a barrel roll should now feel natural, smooth and NOT exciting to you - it must feel like a normal sharp turn in order to be safe (= your body must react like normal even if you are upside down)- dont take that lightly - beeing upside down is very stressful for the human brain and it is very very easy to confuse left with right or up with down... talk to experienced aerobatic pilots how many YEARS of their lives they spent training their upside down flying skills...we don't need as much skills as they do as we fly upside down for such a short amount of time, but dont underestimate the risks of loosing positional awareness - the brain might need 1-2 seconds to recover that positional awareness which can be WAY to long if you execute a barrel roll close to ground.
DONT BETRAY YOURSELF with some "uh i made it" barrel rolls, practice, practice, practice until you feel as good and safe as in a normal direction changing turn - then you are ready for step 3.
Then gently swing the wing to the opposite side to build up some extra momentum and execute a smooth not too fast barrel roll - you will usually fully rotate in less then 1.5 seconds and the horizon should stay EXACTLY in the middle of your field of vision (then you performed a really smooth horizontal barrelrollwhichisaspiralbutwewontstressthatfurther ,-).
Congratulations, you now have mastered the barrel roll, but as you are flying it in full control now, its not nearly as exiting as you though it would be - isnt't it ? .. anyway, welcome to the REAL world of 3D speedflying, but dont get eaten alive by your newly aquired skills, you are in FULL control only as long as there is NO wind and no thermals present - so don't mess with mother nature, you will loose.
Remember you are flying a horizontal spiral, so in order to keep the wing on axis - contrary what you might think - ín most cases with most wings (there may be exceptions to that depending on your wing) you need a bit of counter brake in order to compensate for that hard input that did send you over the wing - if you fail to counter brake you can end up in a poorly controlled snap roll / sat'ish kind of barrel roll that is mostly living from the swingweight of your body but not much from aerodynamic control surfaces.
So consequently you are NOT in full control of the wing and its angle of attack (which should be high in order to avoid a locked in barrel roll or a frontal collapse, so brakes should be applied in most cases) via the brakes.
If you dont use the brakes throughout the b-roll the wing pilot system rotates by a big amount only due to the initial (by your initial hard brake input) accelerated mass (your body) BUT the whole wing pilot system may enter a very low AOA (Angle of Attack) flying state = possible big fat bang if that gamble goes wrong e.g. the angle of attack of your wing is momentarily reduced due to e.g. the turbulence of another wing flying in front of you and / or your wing accelerating fwd (due to releasing the brakes) while your body "drags" behind.
A barrel roll is a true barrel roll if the horizon stays directly in front of your nose and seems to rotate like you would pull an aileron roll in an airplane - anything else is not a barrel roll and most important a sign of poor wing control - practice, practice, practice.
Some so-called / "claimed" barrel rolls on internet you see are unclean, poorly controlled, and of the "huh i made it" type, generally said leaning towards type A rolls - this is not your goal, this is just poor piloting with a lot of residue risk to hurt or kill yourself.
Don't let your skis dangle from your feet without controlling their position at all times during a barrel roll !
Especially very wide (and sometimes also very heavy) Freeride skis can cause considerable drag and swingwheight issues if they get exposed in a wrong angle to the oncoming air while flying a barrel roll.
The added drag and swingwheight can induce a spin and / or induce a twisting motion to the pilot, in a worst case scenario resulting in a riser twist.
So in case you are using wide or very wide skis, make sure you keep them parallel and more or less in a 90 degree angle to your body by crunching your abdominal muscles while flying the barrel roll.
At 1:55 into the movie you see an example for a smooth, wide and fully controlled airplane style barrel roll.
Main aspects to look out for are the constant rollrate, smooth, gradual, efficient, well timed steering inputs, the fully centered body position with no weightshift at all and the flawless stabilisiation and exit close, but not too close, to the terrain.
= thats how a well executed barrel roll should look and feel like from our point of view.
In contrast to our preferred style other pilots have developed different styles and some focus on mastering the most agressive and fastest possible barrel rolls.
http://vimeo.com/6272456 one barrel roll, one semi barrel roll and one spiral, again watch the difference in momentum and height loss as gravity starts to pull.
And to round things off, the grandmaster of superlow b-roll mr. mal haskins (be aware that he is not only a very skilled pilot, but also a very big guy that puts a lot of momentum in the rotation and a lot of load and energy into the wing, also watch how he also uses counterbrake (as any skilled pilot does) to stabilize the wing, also read his words of warning.
Have Fun, use your brain, use a reserve, fly over ground as high as possible and dont kill yourself.
And NOW, let the good times ROLL - but do it RIGHT.


Compared with the flamboyant aromatics of the 1997, Yquem's 1996 plays it closer to the vest, although there is a lot going on.
Compared with the flamboyant aromatics of the 1997, Yquem's 1996 plays it closer to the vest, although there is a lot going on. Light gold with a tight but promising nose of roasted hazelnuts intermixed with creme brulee, vanilla beans, honey, orange marmalade, and peaches, this medium to full-bodied offering reveals loads of power in its restrained, measured personality. There is admirable acidity, weight, texture, and purity in this impeccably made Yquem. However, patience will be a virtue.


There are many different menus in Lost Admiral Returns. The ones you see the most are used during battles to move your units, fight the enemy, and manage your ships.
The best way to learn about menus in LAR is to use the Help and Advice screens built right into those menus inside the game. Simply go to the menu in question, then click on the "Hlp" or "Adv" buttons at the bottom of the screen for thorough descriptions of all actions for that menu.
Certain game menus have extended information available on them, and that part of the LAR experience. Use the links bar on the left to select a game menu you are most interested in right now.
Questions about a menu not covered here? Suggestions? Email thurston@fogstone.com with your feedback, questions, and suggestions!