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The Light Lab Podcast Episode 5: Thanks-Giving (Modim Anachnu Lach)
12:48AM Nov 17, 2021
Eliana Light
Josh Warshawsky
Ellen Dreskin
sefer
Shalom, everyone. Hi, welcome to another edition of the Light Lab Podcast. My name is Eliana light. And I am here with my dear friends Cantor, Ellen Dreskin.
Good to see you and to be with you. Hello!
Amazing. And Rabbi Josh Warshawsky!
Hello! So great to be back, as always.
So great. I'm so grateful for both of you that we get to share this virtual space together. And I am so grateful for you, listeners. We're recording this after the first episode has come out. So there will be a couple episodes in between. But I just have to say, thank you so much for listening, and learning along with us. It's been really exciting to receive such positive feedback and see that you're, you know, listening, learning exploring along with us. We're really grateful. And speaking of gratitude, when you are listening to this, it will if all goes according to plan, be Thanksgiving, the American holiday of Thanksgiving, and as problematic and complicated as American Thanksgiving is, it does give us a chance to think a little more deeply about gratitude. So I want to ask our panel today, what are some favorite Thanksgiving rituals? Past or present? Ellen, why don't you get us started?
I really do remember, certainly it's a family time, it was a family time growing up. And I don't want to offend any of the vegetarians in the in the room. Of which is okay. Well, of which I am one. But one of our family traditions was arguing at the end of the meal over who got to wish on the wishbone. I don't even know if people still know this tradition of two people grabbing the wishbone of the turkey.
And and making a wish and then breaking it and whoever ends up with a longer piece their wish should come true. This happened only at Thanksgiving in our home. I can see by the looks on your faces online here while we were recording that this is a tradition that was not your Thanksgiving tradition. And in our home, there was a lot of singing afterwards. It was kind of like the autumn Pesach Seder with all the singing afterwards and just a time of bounty in love.
Beautiful, what were some of the songs that you would sing after Thanksgiving? I'm so curious.
Well, my grandparents sang during World War Two to raise money like for war bonds here in America. So really old, like barbershop quartet kind of tunes. And everybody in my family played an instrument or sang and it was just, it is Thanksgiving, particularly Americana, I must say.
Amazing. So so beautiful. Josh, what about your Thanksgiving rituals?
Well, so so I grew up in in Chicago, and we were very far from any family on either side. So Thanksgiving was one of the main opportunities where we get to go see family, we would always go out east and spend time with both sides of the family, Thanksgiving, we were often in Cherry Hill, New Jersey, or I'll be again, hopefully this year, too. And it was it was for that reason, really a wonderful time to get to be with family and a time when I was really grateful to get to see my cousins and my aunts and uncles that I didn't really get to see as often. So that was always really nice. And my family also has a whole bunch of different religions represented. So it was actually the first time that I experienced saying grace, was we would gather on Thanksgiving. And one of my cousin's father was a priest. And he, so my cousin, yeah, cousin in law's father was a priest, and he would say grace in the beginning of the meal, and then we would all talk about and everybody would go around, share some that they were grateful for. And it had some of those traditions that felt kind of almost like a Seder, like Ellen was saying, which I think is, is really, really lovely. So that was always really a wonderful memory. And the other one has to do with food, which is that got us a kosher Turkey, but all the sides would be dairy, and the desserts are all dairy. So I eat, I would eat the sides and dessert first, and then we would eat turkey. And then because Thanksgiving dinner is always so early at like 4pm or something then by like 7pm then I could also have dessert again. So I always got dessert twice on Thanksgiving, which was always very exciting for me.
That's amazing. Why on this night, do we eat dessert?
Although they're nice. That's so wonderful. So I'm thinking back to my own childhood. You know, my father was a rabbi. We grew up in Memphis, Tennessee, and we had a tradition of participating in an interfaith Thanksgiving service. I know that there are other communities that do this around this time, of course, interfaith meant, like the Church of God and Christ, and the Protestants and the Catholics, and the Methodists, and us, the one synagogue, that's what constituted interfaith. But you know what? I have to say that for Memphis, Tennessee in the 90s, like, pretty good. Good on ya. And it would be hosted by a different community of faith every year of like the five or six participating houses of worship. And that was really when I got to go to see the way, like you said, just the way different communities practice the way different religions practiced. I also remember once my father and I talking because they would have planning meetings before these events. And someone brought up that one of the goals of the interfaith service was to spread religious tolerance. And then one of the Christian leaders said, I don't like that word, we have to stop using that word. I don't want to be tolerated, and I don't want to tolerate you, I want to celebrate you, and respect you and honor you. And that is very different than tolerating, tolerating, that is very different than tolerance. And so I've never forgot that, like, what does it mean to truly do interfaith work and work with people of different understandings and stripes and not talk about it as tolerance but about celebrating and uplifting? So that was always beautiful. And like you, Josh, we don't, we didn't have family in Memphis, but we had our dear friends who have become like family and doing Thanksgiving with them every year, really is something that I'm truly grateful for. I'll be back in Memphis this Thanksgiving, we might be doing it on our own as a family, but we'll have a lovely time. And as the vegan I will be probably making most of the food. Nobody still I've been doing vegetarian thanksgiving for over half my life. And still every year we're like, people are like, what do you do? I'm like vegetables. Vegetables are great. They come from the earth. Anyway, we'll be eating a lot of brussel sprouts. And we're kind of still on this gratitude train. It really works out for the themes of our podcast. In our last episode, we explored Modeh Ani, and today we're keeping on that theme with Modim Anachnu Lach. Modim Anachnu Lach comes from the Hoda'ah section of the Amidah you can even hear it Modim, Hodaah, this section of gratitude. Amidah is one of the oldest prayers that we have in the Jewish tradition. It's also one of the first prayers to have been canonized in the sense that the rabbis in the Talmud were talking about what should be a part of the Amidah? What are the words that need to be said? But also, what parts should it include? And what should we be doing with our bodies? And what should we be doing in our lives? And what time of day, should we say it? A lot of conversations in the Talmud about prayer, actually center on the Amidah, which is also called HaTefillah, - The Prayer - kind of the central prayer. And we're still saying the Amidah today, which I think is really incredible, that we're able to continue this tradition for all these many years. The words Modim Anachnu Lach themselves, come from First Chronicles chapter 29, verse 13, and we'll be talking a little bit more about that later. And with our bodies, we bow at the beginning and the end, and these words, modim anachnu lach, we'll talk a little bit about translations, but you might translate it as we are grateful before you, or grateful we are to you. And anachnu is the we plural. And there's something there about gratitude. And I want to toss it over to Josh to talk a little bit about the structure of this really interesting prayer. What makes it unique.
Thanks, Eliana, I love that there's this chain of tradition that we've continued since the very beginning of the Talmud. Since these words were originally codified. We've been saying them and we've been making them our own, which is actually you know, in the Talmud, it also talks about how the rabbi's used to make this prayer their own, there was this one modim anachnu lach paragraph that you'll see in in most siddurim, when you open it up, it's sitting right here in the in the section of the prayer book. And when I was growing up, and in many congregations, that paragraph is said by the prayer leader, and then there's another paragraph that's a little smaller that said by the congregation at the same time, and this is a tradition that also dates back all the way to the Talmud, with these two prayers that are all about modim anachnu lach that start with those same words from Chronicles that are said simultaneously. And in the Talmud in masechet sotah, it talks a little bit about why - they asked the question while the prayer leader is reciting that first modim anachnu lach, what are the congregation supposed to say? What is the congregation supposed to be doing at that time? And all these different rabbis have different things that they would do. Some would say we give thanks to you, oh G?d, and calling G?d this name or calling G?d that name, Yotzer Bereshit - the G?d of - the Ultimate Creator, calling G?d a whole bunch of names G?d of living flesh El El habrachot, El Hahodaot, of gratitude and and they would finally conclude the prayer by saying al sheanachnu modim lach, we are grateful to you for the fact that we can be grateful to you. Which I think is like an amazing
Amazing phrase that's sitting right here in the in the second paragraph, which is all about something that I think human beings are unique in that right that that we can we understand gratitude. And the fact that we can be grateful is a reason enough to be grateful. So what do the rabbi's do and the time where they say okay, well, since each one of those things, each one of these rabbis added something unique, we're gonna say all of them. Rav Papa says hilkach nimrihu lekulhu, right, we're gonna say every single one of those things, we're going to call G?d all of these names, we're going to figure out a way for each one of us to find our own moment of gratitude, in this meta moment of gratitude. I think it's just an awesome foundation and structure.
I love that so much. I mean, you know, I love a god names moment. But I also love that this brings up for me one of the core tensions within codified structured tefillah, which is that all of the rabbi's that you just talked about, came up with their own ways of showing gratitude and speaking it out loud. And the Talmud said, Alright, let's put them all together in a paragraph. And then have everybody say it. And then when the printing press is invented, let's stick it in a Siddur. And now that's how we're going to show gratitude. By right it's such a gift that we get these words that we get to say that our ancestors gave to us. And how can we also add our own words? Yeah, Ellen jump in.
Yea it's just occurring to me now the the other words of the prayer about that this gratitude is happening erev vavoker vatzoharayim - in the evening, and the morning and the afternoon. And on the secha shebechol yom, the miracles that are going around us all the time. You know that that's like, anything we could say? Yes, thank you very much.
Absolutely. I love that anything we could say? Anything we could say. And these these words in particular are interesting, because the word modim, we talked a little bit about this last week, how that root can also be seen as acknowledge. And what does it mean that the root of gratitude is acknowledgement, I found this really great d'var t'fillah, which we'll link in the show notes, as we will the text of this prayer, by the way, so that you can follow along and read it and see what we're talking about. Those will be in the show notes, a d'var t'fillah these words of prayer by Rabbi Adam Zagoria-Moffet, who talked about the difference between acknowledge and think, what it means to start from a cognitive place versus an emotional place. Like sometimes to feel that overwhelming sense of gratitude. That's an emotional state, it can be brought on by something or we, it can be inspired in us. But some, we have to be sometimes in a particular state of mind or body to have that experience. But cognitive acknowledgement is a choice, right? Looking around and saying, I I'm seeing I'm clocking that this is happening. And I am choosing to acknowledge it first with my brain, that it is something that I can feel a sense of gratitude for. Right? Some of us start from the heart and some of us start with the head. But it gives everybody a way in. And so you can translate that as acknowledge or think the My People's Prayer Book series. It's translated as gratefully acknowledge, which I like because yes, it's, it's - hi Josh - his green screen picture here. Which is beautiful. We love that series, by the way. Yeah, Josh.
I was gonna say I love that series. So much. It's been so helpful to me and figuring out a lot of different more depth about what's happening and all the different prayers. It's amazing. I couldn't recommend it enough. This episode sponsored by My People's Prayerbook.
It's certainly as I definitely used it in researching for this episode, as well as many other episodes and we'll link to where you can get copies of the My People's Prayerbook series in the show notes. But right, gratefully acknowledged gets to combine that and there's something in particular about this word Modim, Ellen I want to toss it to you.
It's funny there the word modim comes from this root to thank or to be grateful and from the same Hebrew root as yehudim, or often that the Hebrew root for for just being Jewish. That we come from Yehuda from Judah. And so we could even interpret our name as Yehudim, as the grateful ones. That it really is part of our our chemistry part of our nature. When you were talking before Eliana I was thinking about these words being the same in our liturgy, it becomes a habit you know, it continues, now, communally this attitude of gratitude that we mentioned last time we spoke, I think. And I think that's a great connection to just integrate it into our lives, hopefully.
Amen. I love thinking about how our names have to do with us what it means these names that we've chosen as a people and maybe we can do a whole other episode on this, right because there's Yehudim, the grateful ones, there's Hebrews, Ivrim, right? Those who are on the other side, what does it mean to be on the other side? Kind of looking at the world saying it doesn't have to be this way and holding both of those, and then also being B'nai Yisrael, the children of G?d, wrestlers. Oh my gosh, maybe we should do a separate episode on this!
Okay, yeah, write that one down.
Okay. Okay I'm going to write it down. And with that, we'll be right back!
So let's dive a little bit deeper in to modim anachnu lach, and seeing what we find when we hold it up to the light. Josh, what do you have for us?
I mean, I think it's fascinating that we've been spending a lot of time talking about names this episode already. I know. You know, we'll jump into that in our naming episode. But you know, here in just this one particular prayer there's so many different names for G?d. And I think a lot of the times when and I learned a lot of this from from you Eliana, but we talk a lot about what what it means to, to call G?d by a particular name, and what kind of relationship we're trying to have with G?d, with divinity, with each other in those moments based on the names that we choose. And so in this particular prayer, we call G?d tzur chayeinu magen isheinu, that's what the prayer leader says, tzur chayeinu the the the Rock of our Lives, magein isheinu our Protector, our Savior. And in the prayer of the congregation, the paragraph that's similar but added all those prayers of the rabbi's, we use a lot of different names. Elohei kol basar, the G?d of my flesh, yotzreinu our creator, yotzeir bereshit, the creator of creation. And then we get to these names at the end in the in the prayer leader section that always stuck with me. And I never really thought about what they were actually saying. But we have this name, HaTov, the goodness. And then HaMerachem. HaTov ki lo chalu rachamecha, The Goodness, whose mercy has not ended, and the Merciful One whose goodness and good deeds and loving kindness will not stop from us all times. And so we use the name. And then we use the other thing, and then we flip the name and the thing that's happening right and we, let me try and slow that down and say it again. So HaTov kilo, chalu rachamecha the good one, the all good, whose mercy will never cease Vehamerachem kilo tamoo chasadecha, and the Merciful One whose goodness will never cease. And so we flip these two names, but all going back to what it means for thinking about in this moment of gratitude, all the good things that have been done for us. And so we call name, the goodest name that we could think of, which is just the good, HaTov. I love that idea and what it means for how we're going to interact with G?d in this particular moment.
I love that so much. I also love how even just saying The Good who's mercies never sees and the Merciful One who's goodness never ceases. That that's an infinity symbol right there that just keeps going back and forth. The good who is merciful and the merciful, who is good and the good. Right. And and that kind of poetically gets us in this mode of ongoing infinite blessing. Absolutely beautiful. Absolutely beautiful. Ellen, what tidbit do you have to share with us?
One of my favorite one of my favorite phrases in the prayer is this towards the end of Meolam Kivinu Lach, this this word Kivinu from the same Hebrew root is HaTikvah, to hope. And that that I think of it in the context of where the prayer falls, as you mentioned before Eliana and our liturgy at the close ish of the amidah, and that we're now collectively expressing gratitude harkening back to the beginning of the service from Modeh Ani, now we're modim collectively, anachnu lach, and that after petitioning G?d throughout the Amidah that we are expressing we have hope we are going back out into the world of with with faith that the blessings will continue that the gratitude will continue. We say we are grateful for nisecha shebechol yom, that again the everyday miracles that the nisim bechol yom, birchot hashachar from the beginning of the service. So I feel like it's almost like a little bit of a close parentheses that we opened up together before and a sense of landing and security in this meolam kivinu lach.
That's so great. And I have to save dovetails perfectly with what I found, which is, of course, so often especially what I lovingly refer to as the mumbling bits in the service that I know growing up doing traditional davening prayer practice that we don't notice before, which is that the words modim anachnu lach actually do come in pseukei dezimra, which is the section of Psalms in our service, and after birkot shachar. We should do a whole, a whole episode on prayer structure, but we'll get there. We'll get there. After the Psalms, there comes a section with quotes from Tanakh and it opens with this entire section from First Chronicles, which you might know is Vayevarech David. And, of course, I've read these words a lot and I forgot that modim anachnu lach was actually here. This is where David is blessing, the Holy One calling forth blessing in front of all these people. This is also where lecha adonai hagdulah vehagvura vehatiferet vehanetzach vehahod comes, yours holy one, our greatness might splendor triumph and majesty there's a beautiful melody for this by the way by our friend Jackson Mercer, which I will link in the show notes because it's wonderful. But it's also you might have heard it as lecha Adonai Hagedulah, also is said as the Torah is being paraded around. Right, all of these different pieces from Tanakh that are used and grabbed in different ways. But we get again in line 13 veata eloheinu modim anachnu lach umehalelim leshem tifartecha. Now, Holy One Eloheinu, we praise You and extol Your glorious Name. And this is something I learned from Rabbi Elie Kaunfer, which is that when the line when a piece of text is used in a service, to look at what comes before and after. Not just the text itself. And I love line 14 of First Chronicles here is line 14. Vechi mi ani oomi ami ki natzor koach legitnadev cazot ki memecha hakol umidecha netanu lach. Who am I, and who are my people, that we should have the means to make such a free will offering but all is from You, and it is your gift that we have given to You. I love that so much. It reminds me of the book, The Gift by Lewis Hyde, which I would recommend to everybody about what a gifting economy is, and that gifts, keep going. You give a gift and you give a gift back you receive a gift and you give a gift. A gift is not a transaction that stops. It's infinite. It continues through. And it also actually really connects to a Wikipedia rabbit hole that I went down last night. Somebody mentioned I don't know if I saw an Instagram, Mere Christianity. The phrase Mere Christianity is anybody heard of this? And I'm like, I'm interested in religious stuff. What is Mere Christianity, and it's a book by CS Lewis, based on these, based on the speeches he used to give on the radio during World War Two about Christianity. And within within that Wikipedia article, I read that one of the ideas that he had was the basis of a band from the 90s called Sixpence None the Richer, who sang the song you know Kiss me beneath the milky Twilight - anyway, they're actually a Christian band. And that idea of Sixpence None the Richer comes from a story he tells him this book slash radio segment. I know I'm telling you, it connects I promise. Mere Christianity, where he says like, imagine that you borrow six pence from your dad to buy your dad a gift. And then you give the gift to your dad, you are sixpence none the richer, you actually have the same amount of money that you did before. And that that's like life. When we give gifts back to the Holy One we are giving, we are re gifting things that the Holy One gave to us. It's that infinity symbol, that circulation of gifts that I love. And so that closes the parentheses of the beginning of the service for Modeh Ani at the beginning of birlot hashachar to modim anachnu lach at the end of pseukei dezimra. And then the parentheses is widened even further when we reuse those words again at the end of the Amida. And with that we'll be right back.
Welcome back everyone, just like our beloved Sesame Street sometimes we have a letter of the day. And given that we are talking about modim, our letter of the day is mem. Josh, why don't you tell us some stuff about mem.
Oh mem is such a great letter. I mean, all the letters are such great letters, but this one in particular, I've been really interested in the letters Eliana, you've gotten me to talk a little bit more about the letters and what they're all about. I've been reading this book, which we can put in the show notes. Also, it's called The Book of letters by Lawrence Kushner. And it's really, really great. It has all the different letters and some mystical connections, some things that are connected with the different words that those letters are found in. And I think the Hebrew language is very intentional with all the letters that are chosen and how they all connect to each other. And especially when you're when you're learning how to write in Hebrew calligraphy or become a sofer, you learn that all these letters are made up of other letters. And the way to make it you can't make a letter without crafting it from other letters, which I think is really powerful that letters are the building blocks of other letters. But in any case, this particular letter mem makes up a whole lot of different words and is found in a lot of different places. But two words also that are that are, the foundation is the letter, mem, are the words Melacha, and menucha. Melacha is work, the kind of work that we do during the day the kind of work that is the mundane the kind of work that we refrain from on Shabbat. And at the same time, it makes up the word menucha, which is that rest. And that must mean that they're part of the same coin, right that melacha and manuka have to be connected to each other that we can't continue on working all the time without any menucha. And then again, we don't even realize what menucha is, unless we also have that that work that goes along with it, we can't understand what true rest is, if we're not resting from something also. So I think that's a really powerful way to think about being grateful for the time that we have to rest. And then the only other thing that I want to add is that the two letters that make up a mem when you're trying to write it in crafted in Hebrew script, it's made up of a caf, and a vav. That's how you put those letters together a caf and then a vav next to each other and connected that's how you'd make the letter mem. And in gematria, and Hebrew numerology, caf and vav is equal to 26. Caf is 25, mem is six, which is also the numerical equivalent of G?d's, one of G?d's names, the tetragrammaton, yud hey vav hey. The four letter name for G?d also comes out to that number 26. It's a powerful and mystical number. And so in that letter, mem, we also have connection with divinity and with G?d. So in that gratitude in that mem in that modim, we bring it all back to the source.
That's fantastic. Continuing in that Names of G?d Mode, and the way that mem is connected to that I know it's not our names of G?d episode, but
It's everywhere. It's an part of every episode!
Every episode is our names of G?d episode. Is another name for God is Makom, which begins with a mem, ends with a mem, and highlights the fact that now that mem is such a great letter, there's two of them, there's the one that appears within the word or at the beginning of the word, and then there's the final form of the mem at the end. And these two mems in the word Makom, this name for G?d, which really is The Place with a capital P, Makom, has the word Cav, kuf vav, in between. Kav means line. And it's like G?d in in the above that that that vav that you spoke of Josh that's part of that letter, vav, reaches both up and also the that form of mem empties down to the final mem, the kav in between God as the the above and below the known and the unknown and the kav. The connection, the line between them as well. When I was reading about this, it went from me again, this is my commercial for the day or my phrase of the day, I guess this meolam kivinu lach of also meolam - that mem at the beginning means from. Meolam from also ending a mem, from every universe from every angle from now until forever, kivinu lach, either we hope in you, or kivinu, we are we're the line, we're the connection going forward. So I my my head and my heart just went to all sorts of places a connection to the echad with the mem at the beginning and the end.
I love that I love the idea like meolam kivinu lach could maybe be like, and we're forever on this path with you. Like we're forever on this line forever on this journey with you. And sometimes we stray and sometimes we're back but but the journey meanders and goes word does. I love that. And
We are yeah. And we are the line. We're living it. And it's somehow connected to gratitude. Thank you. What a grand journey to be on.
Oh my gosh, so so amazing. And the word Makom, place connects to what I'm going to talk about as well. In fact, everybody's does because it's all it's all connected, which is that last year I had the opportunity to take a few classes with Victoria Hanna, we'll link to her work in the show notes. She does incredible work around voice vocalization and embodying the letters. Now, Josh, probably some of the stuff in your Book of Letters, comes from Sefer Yetzirah, I'm assuming. Sefer Yetzirah is the earliest Jewish mystical texts that we have. And it's the book of formation, that's what that word safer Yetzirah means. And it the kind of the thesis is almost, if G?d created the world using words, right, let there be light. That's how we have it in our Genesis story. Each letter has significance. And that letters create, letters carve, letters make something happen in space. And in our classes with Victoria Hanna, we didn't learn sefer yetzira on an intellectual level, we felt it. The three base letters and Sefer Yetzirah are Aleph, Shin and Mem. Aleph is everything. It's all around. We'll get into this later, when we do like that whole episode on aleph we've been promising you, Shin is grounding from above, sh - connection and grounding from above. And mem is grounding from below, connection to the earth. You can even try it with me if you're in a place where you can do that - mmm. And think of like, where do you feel it in your body, right? You feel it in your seat, you feel it in where you are connected to the earth, in your base, and it's that bass sound. And in these words that we've been thinking about, if we say, Ma-kom, right, it feels connective, it feels grounding in place. Or even mayim, the word for water also begins and ends with mem coming back into the earth. So with each of these letters, we can learn about it intellectually. But I invite you to play around with these letters, we can include it in the practice that we're going to do at the end of the episode, play around with the letters and see how it feels for you. I have to say that embodying them this way has changed my relationship to Hebrew. It's not just about the words on the page. It's about the sounds that we're making. And I'm never going to look at them the same way again after this conversation, certainly, and with that we'll be right back.
Welcome back, everyone. Let's go back to modim anachnu lach. Now that we have explored the letter mem, learned a little bit more about the meaning and the history behind this piece of text, let's talk about our favorite ways to set it to music. Ellen?
One of the things that I appreciate doing is creating spontaneous prayer in the course of communal worship. And so I appreciate there's a version of modim anachnu lach that was written by Cantor Rosalie Will and Julie Silver and the refrain of the first part is very chant-like, it just repeats the words modim anachnu lac, modim anachnu lach, over and over again. And then there is a b part that is erev vavoker vatzohorayim, evening and morning and all throughout the day. And there's space in between for interaction between leader and congregation or between congregants to express statements of gratitude. And then for the melody to do for there to be underscoring and the communal singing come in and out. It really is a beautiful melody to create a moment and I have to mention another one and that is Debbie Friedman's melody, zichrona livracha. She's, she concentrates on that phrase, meolam kivinu lach. And the refrain is just meolam kivinu lach, leolam kivinu lach. And then she uses other words from the, the liturgy, but it's really sweet. And lest anyone forget it exists. I'm sure it'll be in the show notes, the link and everyone should go back and learn this one because it's a beauty.
Thank you so much. I love learning about melodies from you. And I also have to say because I almost forgot to mention it. And I would be very mad if I went through this modim anachnu lach episode, and forgot to mention that that setting by Rosalie and Julie was the inspiration for my Wi Fi because if you come to my apartment, my Wi Fi network is called modem anachnu lach, which I think is funny and the password, this is even more niche is morning noon and light, which I think is funny on multiple levels. But you know if I have even Jewish people come over, I'm like, I don't know. Now I'll be like listen to the episode to get why morning, noon and light connects to modem anachnu lach and why it's funny. But anyway, I think it's very clever.
I love that. I hope I hope we have a lot of listeners in the Raleigh Durham area that can come over and use your Wi Fi.
Steal my Wi Fi. Yes, everybody steal my WiFi.
You know, growing up, I actually I didn't ever know a melody for modim anachnu lach. So I've discovered a lot of the melodies for modim anachnu lach recently. So I'm really grateful for that. I've now discovered a whole bunch and I'm excited to learn all these new ones. But one that I discovered a couple years ago is by an incredible Israeli musician named Yonatan Razel. And he has a melody that focuses on those words that I was talking about before at the end of the outloud paragraph, which is HaTov ki lo chalu rachamecha, the part about calling G?d The Good. And I like the way that he you know, sort of harps and focuses on that phrase and jumps on it over and over again, the only melody that I ever knew from this text was another melody for that one line. That was sort of a chasideshe melody when I was growing up as a kid. And now I have this other melody that I also really liked, so we'll put it in the show notes too. I really like the way that he loops it around, getting back to that infinite infinity symbol that Eliana was talking about before.
So my favorite is a recent discovery. It's it's been around for a while, but it's Beth Schaffer's rendering of modim anachnu lach, and I found it while doing research for the J-kids radio show that I host called way to grow. So here's like a little crass promotional thing you can listen to that on J-kidsradio.com. I was doing an episode on gratitude and I know a bunch of Modeh Anis but I didn't really know like you said Josh, lots of melodies for modim anachnu lach and I love it. It's so fun, and groovy, and musically rich. I love the English that she brings in and like anything Beth does, it is like the music is just so good. She's an incredible musician. Her melodies are great, the guitar work is fabulous. It's just really fun. So we're going to dance out of this segment to Beth Schafer's modim anachnu lach.
Welcome back everyone. As we like to say prayer is a practice, not just practice for more prayer but practice for life. So let's do a practice together. If you're able, I invite you to sit, stand or lie down in a comfortable yet engaged position. Feeling connected somewhere to the to the floor to the earth. Feeling into that Makom, that place, rolling your shoulders back, opening up your chest, allowing your organs to breathe, getting comfortable in whatever way that means for you. Allowing your arms to fall to your sides. Open to receive closed to ground palms on your knees to allow your eyes to fall to a close or to focus on the spot in front of you. As you start to breathe in deeply in through the nose to lift out through the mouth to ground. Breathe in to lift breathe out to ground and to start to follow the natural pattern of your breath. Mmm - I invite you if and when you are comfortable to sound that mem with me like a Tibetan singing bowl but resonating from the inside. Mmm. I invite you to play around with that sounding mem, moving it wherever it feels it needs to move. Feling that grounded connection in your body and in the space. Mmm. Mmmodim. Sound that word, play around with it. See how it feels for you. Starting from grounding and coming back to grounding.
Mmodimm. Mmodimm. The oh being connective, the Dalat the D being the doorway, the E being the secret inside place coming back to that grounded mem. Mmo, modimm. As you chant modim, can you invite a feeling of gratitude into your body. This time, not in the cognitive sense, not a list of things you are grateful for, but a feeling of gratitude. For right now, right here, whatever is coming out for you. Invite that feeling of gratitude ground in it into that mem. And feel it wash over from your toes from your seat, up through your chest, through your arms to the top of your head, grounding yourself in gratitude. Mmodimm. Mmodimm. Take a few breaths to sit marinate in that gratitude for a moment. When you're ready, you can open your eyes. Feel that tingling sense of gratitude, keep it with you. It's there whenever you want it. And I am so grateful to you, Ellen and Josh for being here. As always, and I'd love to hear based on what we've talked about today, or just how you're feeling. What is your prayer for us today? Josh, why don't you go first.
I'm feeling grateful. I'm feeling glad for this opportunity. And I'm hoping that we can get back to that earliest primal gratitude, which is the gratitude for just being grateful. Before even figuring out what are the things that we're grateful for just the idea that we can be grateful that we have something that we can be this emotion that we can feel is something that I want to hearken back to and try and ground myself in, as I'm leaving this taping.
Beautiful. Amen.
There's this sense of expansiveness of just giving thanks of, again, the morning, noon and night. Yet just for the very breath and finding in every moment, may we be aware of the abundance and the bounty in every second of our lives.
Amen. Amen. This gratitude that I'm feeling right now, and that I hope, can be my prayer is a gratitude that does not ignore the challenges of life and the pain and suffering that is in this world. It's it's a gratitude that doesn't say, everything that is difficult, I must keep out everything that might make me feel sad or unsure or alone or scared or fearful, fearful, I must keep out. It is a gratitude that recognizes suffering, and difficulty and says, I am still in the flow of life. And there is suffering that is in the flow of life. And yet there is joy in the flow of life. And they start with a place of acknowledgement, even if it's just one little thing, knowing that it might not change everything, but it has the power to reorient myself into how I see the world. Right as as Jews, we are yehudim, we are the people of gratitude, and we are also the ivrim, standing on the other shore and saying the world does not have to be this way, and allowing ourselves to hold both of those truths at the same time. So, so grateful for both of you. Grateful for you listeners, grateful for everyone who is sharing, and subscribing, and reading and reviewing and following and all of those things that we appreciate so much, and we will see you next week. Bye everybody! Shalom!


text:
Watch What Happens When a Mormon Missionary Gets Into a Street Dance Competition
Zach Noble
Image via YouTube
You might wonder, "Does the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints train missionaries to do a lot more than preach?"
Because some of these guys have some serious skills.
This video was burning up Reddit Saturday morning, and it's easy to see why: This Mormon missionary has some amazing moves.
According to the video description, the missionary is Elder Gus Garcia, and he holds his own against a Michael Jackson impersonator in the streets of Barcelona, Spain.
The dance video had more than 250,000 views on YouTube as of Saturday morning, and on Reddit, the posting had attracted more than 400 comments.
The top comment on Reddit noted that Mormon missionaries can have a wide range of surprising skills and linked to the video below, showing a two-man missionary team playing some intense pickup basketball.
Follow Zach Noble (@thezachnoble) on Twitter

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Larco Engineering provide Critical Rapid Response 24hr Callout (Emergency Service).
As part of our loading bay maintenance and repairs service we also provide our customers with a 24 hour emergency callout option. This not only enables us to reach customers even faster but also helps give them the piece of mind knowing that their doors and loading bay equipment will be repaired or replaced immediately.
We appreciate that from time to time equipment can develop faults or stop working. That is why we do our utmost to reach you as quickly as possible. We take away the stress by providing our high quality service.
Our highly qualified and experienced engineers are available 365 days a year, day and night and are located locally to provide an efficient, 24 hour response service, anywhere in Ireland.


text:
CSS Corp's customer ALE wins certified support Staff Excellence Center Award 2018
Business Standard | November 20, 2018
CSS Corp, a new-age IT services and technology-support company, today announced that its customer ALE International operating under the Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise brand (ALE) has been awarded Certified Support Staff Excellence Center status for operational excellence in their support operations, a fourth year in a row. The recognition was awarded by the Technology Services Industry Association (TSIA).
CSS Corp has been providing technical support to ALE for over 16 years in order to enable the company to deepen client engagements and bring exemplary customer service. Leveraging CSS Corp's technology support platforms, ALE was able to bring down recurring ticket incidents by nearly 20%, while fully resolving customer queries, thus improving customer satisfaction across four regions and global support centers.
CSS Corp works with 30 out of the top 50 major global telecom service provider/telecom operator companies globally, enabling them to deliver seamless customer engagement while creating additional revenue generation avenues. CSS Corp's comprehensive enterprise support offerings span all aspects from establishing a Welcome Centre to Automated Customer Care Support to Field Training, support and maintenance.
It enables enterprises to move from a reactive support model to a pre-emptive and proactive support model by leveraging the automation and high-end data analytics.
Sunil Mittal, EVP & Chief Sales and Marketing Officer, CSS Corp said, "Delivering seamless CX is a critical imperative for telecom companies in today's digital age, and they are looking for the right experts who can partner with them in their digital transformation journey. As a trusted partner for major telecom players globally, CSS Corp is committed to delivering tangible, measurable outcomes and exemplary customer engagement through a unique combination of technology and expertise.
Re-Inventing The B2C Marketing Landscape ..
Conversational AI can partner doctors, n ..


A brutal and (literally) bloody musician's tale that's about many, many other things besides music (surprise), Whiplash was the little awards film that could. While never quite making a splash along the lines of a Boyhood or The Imitation Game, it plugged along for months on little more than sheer word of mouth. Just like movies used to do.
You "got" this movie. It is absurd from start to finish. Bullying is as likely to develop high quality performance as torture is to develop high quality intelligence. It only happens in the movies. I'm putting you on my list of reviewers with a brain.


How many realize that skin issues are a symptom of deeper issues that CAN be resolved? Many of you are dealing with some form of skin troubles like eczema, psoriasis and other forms of dermatitis and myriad of accompanying symptoms. Find out what is really causing your chronic conditions.


This documentary, in the form of a satellite map, enables you to track and zoom-in on the Stations of the Exodus, along with several related archaeological sites, identified by the long list of resources listed below. Thus, you can follow Moses and the Israelites into the Promised Land. By activating the 3D terrain mode, and using the compass to rotate and see the horizon, you can view the map with mountains that you can zoom in on in order to understand how Moses viewed it.
Disclaimer: As a mapmaker, I am not a theologian, archaeologist, or historian. So, the following people more knowledgeable than I, have contributed information that helped to perfect this map.
• D. Riddle • Todd Bolen • Anyone else with knowledge willing to collaborate.
Map: Exodus From Israel by George Stiller and Jim Lee is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Based on a work at climateviewer.org/. Permissions beyond the scope of this license may be available at climateviewer.com/terms.


The Car Cover is specifically designed to help reduce exposure to the weather.
Weather-resistant and breathable to help prevent condensation from forming between cover and car.
Soft, nonabrasive liner helps prevent scratching clear-coat paint finish.
Security cable and lock help protect against theft.
The car cover, as the name shows, covers your beloved Acura. When you leave your car for a long time, you need to protect your car from a long-time exposure, sands, or any particulates. Especially when you park outside, some tree sap, and bird dropping, or dust may settle down in your car, and that's why you need an Acura genuine car cover. Keep your Acura like brand new.
Car Cover: The car cover helps reduce exposure to the weather. The weather-resistant, breathable covers help protect the paint from the environment and help prevent condensation from forming between cover and car. The soft, nonabrasive liner helps guard against scratching of clear-coat finish.
AcuraPartsWarehouse.com is very easy to use. We have an easy-to-navigate catalog, and every category is easily found. The decent shipping rates, competitive parts prices, and we have a complete follow-up emails system, informing you of your order track. All parts and accessories we sell are guaranteed to be OEM.


You are over ready to ignite and share your brilliance and unique greatness with the world. You want Divine Direction. You want to live in the flow of passion and purpose. You want to follow your heart. You want to stand fully in your power and give yourself permission to be who you really are. You want to break open and pull out your untapped potential. You have a burning desire for something more. Here are the three keys to Super Soul Success.
"Life will give you whatever experience is most helpful for the evolution of your consciousness. How do you know this is the experience you need? Because this is the experience you are having at the moment." –Eckhart Tolle. The first step to change and creating your best life is accepting your life where it is right now. Acceptance doesn't mean you like it, it simply means you are aware of your reality. Are you ready to accept your life the way it is right now?
After you accept your situation, you can see clearly and you know what you're dealing with, do you ask for help?
Are you still playing Superwomen and wearing that outdated cape that no longer fits you?
Have you read the self-help books, tried yoga, experimented with meditation, fasted, juiced, detoxed, gone to the retreats, prayed, gone to Oprah live your Best life, but you're still not where you want to be?
Are you finally sick and tired of being sick and tired?
Are you ready to give up trying to manage it all yourself?
Good! Now you're ready to receive the help you need to elevate, rise up and take your life to the next level. Every successful person has a success team of people that actively help them create their best life. Do you have one? If not, it's time for you to ask for help! There is no such thing as an independent woman. An independent woman is a woman in denial. We are interdependent beings created to rely, support and depend on one another.
"Any action is often better than no action, especially if you have been stuck in an unhappy situation for a long time. If it is a mistake, at least you learn something, in which case it's no longer a mistake. If you remain stuck, you learn nothing." -Eckhart Tolle.
What's the purpose of accepting your situation and asking for help if you are not ready to take action? The only way to success is to embrace all that you for your greatest life and unleash your legacy on the world. This requires action. Do you know the names Oprah Winfrey, Beyoncé, Condoleezza Rice, Hilary Clinton and Ariana Huffington? Why do you know these women? Because they all took massive action! They have each created amazing legacies. What is your legacy? What do people say about you? Will people remember your name when you are no longer here? If not, you have work to do. It's time to Rise up and take Action! Take an honest look at your life and ask yourself, what small, consistent, action steps can you take right now to get closer to living your best life?
Without action, there is no greatness. Without action, there is no legacy. Without action, there is no success. So what are you going to do?
Want to achieve Super Soul Success, achieve greatness and leave an Epic legacy? Contact Avalaura, today for a consultation! Email her at avalaura@avalaura.com with the subject "Super Soul Success!"
Avalaura Beharry on Want Healthier, Happier, Loving Relationships? Time to Cut away the Negative Energy!
Yolanda on Want Healthier, Happier, Loving Relationships? Time to Cut away the Negative Energy!


Java Program to Find all Roots of a Quadratic Equation. In this program, you'll learn to find all roots of a quadratic equation and print them using format() in Java. The standard form of a quadratic equation is: ax 2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b and c are real numbers and a ≠ 0 The term b 2-4ac is known as the determinant of a quadratic equation. The determinant tells the nature of the roots how to get donations on nation builder Which version is more efficient in calculating the square root ? There are 2 versions I have written to calculate square root programatically. Note reqs strictly state not using library functions... There are 2 versions I have written to calculate square root programatically.
Which version is more efficient in calculating the square root ? There are 2 versions I have written to calculate square root programatically. Note reqs strictly state not using library functions... There are 2 versions I have written to calculate square root programatically.
Find the squareroot of a given number rounded down to the nearest integer, without using the sqrt function. For example, squareroot of a number between [9, 15] should return 3, and [16, 24] should be 4.
Learn Java by Examples: How to calculate Square root and Cube root of a number in Java using Math class ?.Learn Java by examples. Everything you want to know about Java. Tutorials, Source Codes, SCJP, SCWCD and Ebooks.


love black and military green mixed toghether!
That spiked little bag is so cool! Thanks for commenting on my blog. Actually, I just followed you. I hope you can get back to my blog and follow me, too.
By the way, I've followed long time already I just found out. Check me in GFC, "Jenniya"
Thank you for commenting on my blog. I just figured it now. Sorry for bugging you. Keep in touch.
I love your style especially your jacket is so pretty.
I'm following you now, hope you'll follow back.
i'm following you now ;) i hope you follow me back because i love your blog!!!
Hello! Thank you for passing on my blog. I follow you too on GFC.
Hey, thanks for visiting my blog and for lovely comment. Of course i wanna follow each other. Following you now on GFC and bloglovin, waiting for you to follow me back.
Thank you so much for your lovely comment on my blog. I would love to follow each other! I'm now following you!
I love your bag dear, you rock!!
Just followed you on GFC, follow me back?
What a cute outfit! I'm really loving that bag.
You look so amazing! I LOVE your bag so much =D Anyways, I'm your newest follower via google (58) and bloglovin. I'd really love it if you could check out my blog and maybe follow back?! It'd be great if we could also stay in touch via twitter if you have an account?
Rockin this outfit! Thank you so much for your comment! I;d love to follow each other! Following now so make sure you follow back!
Ohh I love the bag and the shirt girl!
You look gorgeous :) I really like that bag!
lovely look!!! That purse is awesome!!!
we are followers number 69!have a great day!
I love the pikes accessories.
we´re now following you, please follow us back to keep in touch.
Love your outfit, that purse is stunning!


Thanks to the location and construction of Kukulkan Avenue, this is one of the main access roads to the beaches, you will reach the turquoise ocean much faster, white sand beaches and tall palm trees to relax on or dine at one of the many world renowned restaurants.
Tulum is a magical town less than 2 hours from Cancun, with turquoise water that is ideal for kayaking, snorkeling, diving or other water activities, the tranquil vibe here is very unique to Tulum, It is sunny most of the year with nice ocean breezes.
It's time to invest in paradise and get know the unique magic of the place.


Nothing too interesting this week. We've been doing a lot of tracting because the members here don't give out too many referrals. It did rain last week, but when it was over, it as hot. I'm seriously melting over here.
I did something a little crazy today. No where in the city of Masvingo do they do white guy hair cuts, so I got a sick buzz!!! I feel way better. I don't know if it will stay but I really like it.
I've really gotten out of my comfort zone lately and I've tried to share the gospel with everyone who crosses my path. Everyone here goes to church here, so it's really easy to open up discussions about Jesus Christ. It can be frustrating sometimes because they think that you just share the word of God, and nothing else. They'll be pretending to listen and will be really confused when I ask them to make a commitment. I'm getting better at it but it happens seriously all of the time. Everyone here also knows the Bible, but have some pretty strange ideas about it's meaning.
I've been learning a little bit of Shona lately and it really helps people open up. They love it when I greet them with "Maka di'… how are you. Also I know when people are talking about me because "white man" is "murungu". The people here are really nice, but the members need to learn they they're missionaries too. They keep the Gospel to themselves and it can be frustrating sometimes.
So the city of Masvingo has only 4 elders, and we all live together. We are part of the Gweru zone which is like 2 hours away for zone conference and meetings so that can be annoying. I think that my morning jogs are paying off because I've lost about 10 pounds since I've entered the field.
Most of the members feed me rice, chicken, and potatoes. I thought I had to eat sodza everyday, just lucky I guess. I eat dinner in the dark most of the time because most of the members never have power at night.
I can really feel power when I teach when I teach investigators using the BOM. It is a powerful gift given to us to use in our times of need. It's almost the first thing that I bring up to random people because I have recognized it's power in people's conversion. I read it everyday, and I know that it's true.
I'm glad everything is going so well at home, I'm definitely keeping Ethan in my prayers for basketball.


One of the most exciting promises of Torch AR is how easy it is for mobile app designers to begin prototyping 3D experiences as new features for existing mobile apps. Last week, we touched on the subject of working with Sketch to bring UI elements into Torch AR, and the lessons we learnt there. Over the next few weeks, we'll be touching on an end-to-end workflow for bringing UI from Sketch to Torch AR, laying out your prototype in 3D space, making it interactive, and strategies for how to iterate between versions of your prototype.
Throughout this series, we'll be working with a fictitious meditation app that has already been designed and prototyped using Sketch. If you'd like to follow along, you can download the project file here.
Artboards from our concept meditation app that we'll be adding AR feature to.
Save Sketch Assets To Your iPhone or iPad - via Airdrop or a connected cloud storage provider (Dropbox, Box, Drive, iCloud).
Open the Object Drawer in Torch and tap the Browse button. Choose your preferred cloud storage provider, navigate to the directory with your assets, and select the files you want to import.
Place the assets in the scene you are designing via the Object Drawer.
It is that easy to integrate Sketch into your workflow (and it's just going to get easier). I know that was quick but if you haven't finished your coffee yet, I recommend you also read the in-depth instructions of each step below, where I share some of the tips and optimizations I've discovered working with 2D assets in 3D.
There is a pretty simple rule you can follow for determining the size of your assets when exporting. Just use whatever your target device supports—2x or 3x. Since you might be prototyping for a fleet of iPhone XS Max phones, you'll be safest with 3x, but for most practical purposes, you will not see much pixel degradation at 2x.
There are other considerations around legibility and other factors that might influence how you export your UI assets, and you can read about them here.
Now you're ready to make your files available in Torch. Let's talk about that.
To make your assets available in Torch, you will need to be able to access them from your mobile device. To do this, you have two choices, both of them quick and easy, and each with pros and cons.
The first option is to export files to a cloud storage provider that you have access to on your mobile device. This can be Dropbox, Google Drive, iCloud, OneDrive, or any other cloud storage app that you have installed.
You can set up directories for your projects, or just use existing directories you already have set up. I think this makes it easy to navigate to and find assets in Torch, using the Browse option in the Object Drawer.
Another pro is that if you are collaborating with a team on your project, you can share the folder to the team, so each member can add and access the project assets.
You will need to have a cloud storage service set up, and have the app downloaded. Depending on your needs, this can cost money, but, fortunately, most providers have a free tier you can jump on.
The native iOS file browser doesn't allow you to select multiple files at a time, so to import many files into your project, you'll need to browse and import each one individually.
The second option is simply to AirDrop your file from your computer to your device. This will save the asset to your Photo Roll, which you can access using the Camera Roll option in the Object Drawer.
If you don't have cloud storage, this is a great option—it comes with every iOS device, so there's nothing to sign up for.
AirDrop is also a quick way to send and receive files across your devices, so you don't need to upload things through a web browser.
From the Photo Roll, you can select multiple assets at a time for import, which saves time and taps.
Organization in the Photo Roll is less structured than cloud storage, so after you've walked away from an upload for a while it can be harder to track it down.
I haven't quite nailed down the how and why, but occasionally I've seen images lose transparency after being saved to the Photo Roll.
OK, so now you've got your assets prepped, exported, and are raring to get them into a Torch AR project.
Launch the desired project in the Torch AR.
Open the Object Drawer and select Browse. In the file browser, make sure you are looking at Browse and not Recents. Tap Locations in the upper-left corner to navigate to your cloud storage providers.
Select the cloud storage provider you are using, navigate to the directory, and tap on the asset you want to import into your project. It will be imported into the current project, which you can find in the Object Drawer under This Project.
The only thing left to do is to place the assets into the scene and arrange them how you'd like!
Tap Browse in the Object Drawer and Choose a Cloud Storage Location.
Open the Object Drawer and select Camera Roll.
One issue with 2D assets is that they have no depth, so they can completely disappear if oriented in the wrong direction. A great way to prevent this is to turn on the Face Camera behavior on your 2D assets. The Face Camera behavior makes it so your 2D files always face the user's device, since that's where the camera feed is coming from. If there are three users in the scene at the same time standing in different positions, all three will see the image facing them.
Select the object(s), then tap the Object Properties icon on the right hand menu.
Find Face Camera in the Properties menu, tap it, then toggle the behavior to Enabled with the Y axis selected.
Now that you know how to use Sketch and Torch to create awesome 3D designs, give it a try yourself. You can download Torch AR from the App Store absolutely free. And make sure to share what you've created using the #builtwithtorch.
Special thanks to Jenna Simmons for her help in building the concept around this series.


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HomeChevroletCorvetteNewsRaces and Chases
Stock Corvette C8 Sprints From 0 To 60 MPH In 2.67 Seconds
Apr 11, 2020 at 11:12am ET
By: Chris Okula
Was Chevy's 0 to 60 time conservative?
The new C8 Corvette is finally in the hands of lucky customers across the country who have spent decades waiting for the fabled mid-engine Corvette. The C8 Corvette has a lot to prove with its all-new engine configuration and dual-clutch only transmission. The mid-engined layout will certainly have a profound impact on handling but what does it do for straight-line performance?
Chevy claims the C8 Corvette will sprint from 0 to 60 in 2.9 seconds which is a hugely impressive number when you consider all of the cars this time matches. Vehicles like the Nissan GTR, 991.1 Porsche 911 Turbo S, Ferrari 488 GTB, and the Acura NSX are all troubled by the Corvette's impressive performance.
Many have speculated if the Corvette's 0 to 60 time was optimistic considering how impressive a sub-three second 0 to 60 time is. Can you achieve this time on the street where most Corvettes will spend most of their time?
Well, many of the new C8 Corvette owners have tested their new vehicles 0 to 60 times and the results are more than impressive. There are a number of examples of C8 Corvette owners beating Chevy's claimed 2.9 second 0 to 60 time but none are more impressive than a run shot on an empty backroad in Pennsylvania.
0 to 60 in 2.67 seconds on two consecutive runs. This video evidence shows that the C8 Corvette is a very serious performance machine and Chevy was being conservative with the claim of a 2.9 second 0 to 60 times. The owner utilizes Chevy's launch control system so there are no tricks involved in achieving this sensational result.
More C8 Corvette News:
⠀ Chevy Has Built Fewer Than 2,700 Corvette C8 Customer Cars
⠀ See Chevy Corvette C8 Try On All The Wings And No Wing
⠀ 2020 Chevy Corvette C8 Owner Talks About Five Things He Dislikes
⠀ Base 2020 Chevy Corvette C8 1LT Dissected On Video
If 0 to 60 times don't impress you that's ok because the C8 is not a one-trick pony with the ability to handle road courses or serve as a comfortable cruiser. As more C8s hit the street we're excited to see how these cars respond to modifications and more performance driving.
Source: Edward via Corvette Blogger
Races and Chases


text:
using System;
using Rothko.Interfaces.Model;
using Rothko.UI.Interfaces.Components;
using Rothko.Model;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Rothko.UI.Events;
using Rothko.Interfaces.Components;

namespace Rothko.UI.Model
{
	[Serializable]
	public class UIUnit : IUIUnitable, IUIDrawable
	{
		private List<UIUnitTypeAnimation> _UnitTypeAnimations;
		private int uiX;
		private int uiY;

		public Unit Base { get; set; }

		public int Layer
		{
			get;
			set;
		}

		public int IDUnit
		{
			get
			{
				if (Base == null)
					return 0;

				return Base.ID;
			}
		}

		public int UIX
		{
			get
			{
				return uiX;
			}
			set
			{
				if (uiX != value)
				{
					uiX = value;

					if (UIX == UIDestinationX && UIY == UIDestinationY)
						OnDestinationReached();
				}
			}
		}

		public int UIY
		{
			get
			{
				return uiY;
			}
			set
			{
				if (uiY != value)
				{
					uiY = value;

					if (UIX == UIDestinationX && UIY == UIDestinationY)
						OnDestinationReached();
				}
			}
		}

		public int Red { get; set; }
		public int Green { get; set; }
		public int Blue { get; set; }

		public int UIDestinationX { get; set; }
		public int UIDestinationY { get; set; }

		public int CurrentFrame { get; set; }
		public double LastFrameUpdate { get; set; }
		public Animation CurrentAnimation { get; set; }

		public int TimeToNextMovement { get; set; }
		public double LastMovementUpdate { get; set; }

		public event EventHandler<AnimationFinishedEventArgs> AnimationFinished;
		public event EventHandler<DestinationReachedEventArgs> DestinationReached;

		public long IDInstance_LastSoundPlayed { get; set; }

		public void SetupAnimations (RothkoUIBaseDatabase rothkoUIBaseDatabase)
		{
			_UnitTypeAnimations =
				rothkoUIBaseDatabase
				.UIUnitTypes
				.Where (u => u.ID == Base.IDUnitType)
				.Select(u => u.Animations)
				.FirstOrDefault();

			Base.StateChanged += (sender, e) => SetCurrentAnimation(Base);
			Base.DirectionChanged += (sender, e) => SetCurrentAnimation(Base);
		}

		public void OnAnimationFinished ()
		{
			EventHandler<AnimationFinishedEventArgs> handler = AnimationFinished;

			if (handler != null)
				handler (this, new AnimationFinishedEventArgs ());
		}

		private void OnDestinationReached ()
		{
			EventHandler<DestinationReachedEventArgs> handler = DestinationReached;

			if (handler != null)
				handler (this, new DestinationReachedEventArgs ());
		}

		private void SetCurrentAnimation (Unit unit)
		{
			Animation animation = null;
			UIUnitTypeAnimation unitTypeAnimation = _UnitTypeAnimations.FirstOrDefault(x => x.State == unit.State && x.Direction == unit.Direction);

			if (unitTypeAnimation != null)
				animation = unitTypeAnimation.Animation;

			CurrentFrame = 0;

			CurrentAnimation = animation;
		}

		public UIUnit ()
		{
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


We have developed an approach to Fresnel domain ptychography in which the illumination consists of an interference pattern. This pattern is conveniently created by overlapping two coherent beams at an angle. Only the phase and orientation of the interferometric fringe pattern needs to be scanned to reconstruct a high-fidelity object image, which alleviates the requirements for accurate sample positioning and system stability. As such, the resulting imaging systems can be constructed in an extremely simple and robust way. Object images are reconstructed from recorded Fresnel diffraction data using a modified ptychographical iterative engine. We demonstrate the capabilities of this imaging system by recording images of various biological samples, demonstrating quantitative phase contrast as well as a spatial resolution better than 2.2 μm.


Also for every footer there is also a footer with a cement block underneath it it can be placed on water. Clarksville Chapter No. Ldre indl g P ske bningstider af 1.
University is for Elder Statesmen Jesuit Missionaries and Firebrand Preachers. Dont these hot new deals on Red Barrel Studio coffee tables! RECORDSMITH 0 Irisdale Ave Richmond VA email UPS shipping address RecordSmith 0 Irisdale Ave Richmond VA. This cleverly designed coffee table with nested stools is a consummate hosts. En minube amamos viajar y descubrir los rincones m s especiales alrededor planeta. Witch Hill There is a tree in the middle of the road in Wilder where witches were supposedly hung and there is a curse on the tree to whom ever tries to cut it down or spits on it. 1 0 Helmet Furniture Chain Strap Volunteers Green Home Service Helmet. Holder P skelukket torsdag og fredag men l rdag s ndag og mandag har bent som plejer. Although urban sketching certainly provides both pleasure and relaxation I don't think of it as hobby. Check out these great deals on Red Barrel Studio at Birch for a classic selection and the best prices Trent Austin Design Anissa Coffee Table With Storage Finish Faux Birchslate Gray.
Learn about the renovated and expanded San Convention Center discover the top reasons why we San Jose California. Shop Red Barrel Studio at AllModern for a modern selection and the best prices.
With several options you are sure to find the savings you are looking for. Brigadier General Confederate Army Civil War. The dictionary says that a hobby is an activity or interest pursued for pleasure or relaxation. Google has special features to help you find exactly what you're looking for. The following op ed by Hanne Nabintu Herland concerns the Norwegian government's persistent soft spot for the Palestinians. Quarles 1 0?
Dont these hot new deals on Red Barrel Studio furniture! Caddys Footers by CaddyCrossover. The and the our Guide. Action Zone Billboards by Krankin K C No. Station Set by Rct Demo Ardy Concrete station set suggested to use with RCT Demo's Concrete Walls and Concrete Footers sets. Dont these hot new deals on Red Barrel Studio at Birch for a classic selection and the best prices online. A Very Nice Quality White Metal Chain Strap as used on. It was originally published in Aftenposten Norway's largest newspaper on 1 th 01 and has been translated by the author. Artisti B ndi Cetjussa olevat nimet TARKISTETAAN t st koosteesta parasta aikaa auki olevasta s ikeest. Artisti B ndi Cetjua JATKETAAN viimeksi avatussa s ikeess. Search the world's information including webpages images videos and more.
Member of Clarksville Lodge No. Shop Red Barrel Studio at Birch for a classic selection and the best prices. A Sextant was used to help the Wooden Ships Navigate. A set of textured footers. Apr s premiers pas vers une soci t de l'information qu'ont t l' criture puis l'imprimerie de grandes tapes ont t t l graphe lectrique puis t l phone et la radiot l phonie. Nuestra ilusi n es contagiar pasi n por eso trabajamos sin descanso para ser la web y app de viajes ideal que te inspire a hacer el viaje perfecto.
Shop Red Barrel Red Barrel Studio Brandenburg Coffee Table Studio furniture!


text:
#!/usr/bin/env sh

SRCDIR=../src
HERE=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd -P)
GREP=$(command -v grep)
GIT=$(command -v git)

if [ "" = "${GREP}" ]; then
  >&2 echo "Error: missing prerequisites!"
  exit 1
fi
if [ "${GIT}" ] && [ "" = "$(${GIT} ls-files "${HERE}/${SRCDIR}/libxsmm_main.c" 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
  GIT=""
fi
cat << EOM

/* Hans Pabst (Intel Corp.)
******************************************************************************/
#ifndef LIBXSMM_SOURCE_H
#define LIBXSMM_SOURCE_H

#if defined(LIBXSMM_MACROS_H)
# error Please do not include any LIBXSMM header other than libxsmm_source.h!
#endif
#if defined(LIBXSMM_BUILD)
# error LIBXSMM_BUILD cannot be defined for the header-only LIBXSMM!
#endif

/**
 * This header is intentionally called "libxsmm_source.h" since the followings block
 * includes *internal* files, and thereby exposes LIBXSMM's implementation.
 * The so-called "header-only" usage model gives up the clearly defined binary interface
 * (including support for hot-fixes after deployment), and requires to rebuild client
 * code for every (internal) change of LIBXSMM. Please make sure to only rely on the
 * public interface as the internal implementation may change without notice.
 */
#if defined(LIBXSMM_OFFLOAD_TARGET)
# pragma offload_attribute(push,target(LIBXSMM_OFFLOAD_TARGET))
#endif
EOM

if [ "" = "$1" ]; then
  DSTDIR=${SRCDIR}
else
  DSTDIR=$1
fi

# determine order of filenames in directory list
export LC_ALL=C

# good-enough pattern to match a main function, and to exclude this translation unit
for FILE in $(cd "${HERE}/${SRCDIR}" && ${GREP} -L "main[[:space:]]*(.*)" ./*.c); do
  BASENAME=$(basename "${FILE}")
  if [ "" = "${GIT}" ] || [ "$(${GIT} ls-files "${HERE}/${SRCDIR}/${BASENAME}" 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
    echo "#include \"${DSTDIR}/${BASENAME}\""
  fi
done

cat << EOM
#if defined(LIBXSMM_OFFLOAD_TARGET)
# pragma offload_attribute(pop)
#endif

#endif /*LIBXSMM_SOURCE_H*/
EOM


Effect sizes ranged from 0. Greater cognitive gains were demonstrated by children who received the program in an educational context where all teachers were committed to the principles of mediated learning. Environmental variables and cognitive development. Transylvanian Journal of Psychology: Special Issue No 2: 9-23. Archived from on April 27, 2006. Instrumental enrichment: An intervention program for cognitive modifiability.
While the use of technology in the classroom is prolific, it is impersonal and has not been proven to be more effective than a human mediator. Megamot, No 2-3: 177-187 in Hebrew. Mediated Learning Experience: Theoretical, Psychosocial, and Learning Implications. The theory of structural cognitive modifiability. Social-cultural aspects of metal retardation p. Children of the Mellah: Socio-cultural deprivation and its educational significance. The theory of mediated learning experience: About human as a modifiable Being.
Pages can include limited notes and highlighting, and the copy can include previous owner inscriptions. A copy that has been read, but remains in clean condition. Residential Treatment of Children and Youth, 8: 21-37. The Dust Jacket Has Some Small Tears At The Outer Edges. Tel Aviv and London: Freund.
At the beginning of each set, the items, although easy again, follow a different logic. La pédagogie à visage humain. Lastly, may be missing components, e. The issues of literacy, as well as ethnic and cultural diversity, were much more obvious for Vygotsky and his colleagues than for their Western contemporaries. In this highly original exploration of human mental development, Vygotsky analyzes the relationship between words and consciousness, arguing that speech is social in its origins and that only as children develop does it become internalized verbal thought. Cultural difference and cultural deprivation as reflected in the dynamic assessment of Ethiopian immigrant children in Israel. Israeli Annals of Psychiatry and Related Disciplines, 5: 61-90.
Learners were randomly assigned into one of two groups. Creating and enhancing cognitive modifiability: The Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment program. Equally, innu-merable letters of teachers, psychologists, therapists and colleagues, who had learned with him and from him, showed how widespread his influence was. Book is in Used-Good condition. Analyses were conducted on two non-independent criterion variables: overall school achievement, and achievement scores in specific subject areas. The Journal of the American Academy of Child Psychiatry, 11: 572-582. The second and third portions describe the Curriculum-based approach to dynamic assessment, proposed by the author, as well the the Author's Mediated Learning Experience Rating Scale, along with its development and research base.
Child and Youth Care Quarterly, 16: 168-184. Dynamic assessment of cognitive modifiability in retarded performers: The Learning Potential Assessment Device. Viewpoints in Teaching and Learning, 58: 44-63. Also working on research on dynamic assessment of cognition and metacognition in senior citizens over 75 years of age. National Organization for Professional Training.
When designing the monograph, we based on the current issues of education of these pupils, in whom we endeavoured to support the development of their reading competence with the stimulation of cognitive functions. Archived from on April 25, 2012. Barriers could be there for various reasons: a genetic origin, acquired brain damage, lack of learning opportunities due to socio-economic deprivation, or just plain shortcomings in environmental favourable conditions. The cognitive modifiability of persons with Down Syndrome. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 83: 539-550. Structural changes refer not to isolated events but to the organism's manner of interacting with, i. During this time there were three main schools of thought, , and.
To look at how cognitive education can help realizing inclusive education. Instrumental Enrichment: An intervention program for cognitive modifiability. College of Education Review San Francisco State University , vol. Feuerstein has spectacularly bridged the gap from research to practice and provided educators with effective tools for improving the performance of children with a range of learning deficits. Unlike previous developmental psychologists, the focus of Feuerstein's theories is the development of normal versus low functioning children. Cultural difference and cultural deprivation: A theoretical framework for differential intervention.
Hoffman, and Ronald Miller ; ill. Výsledky výskumu považujeme za inšpiratívne aj pre odborníkov v oblasti špeciálnej a inkluzívnej pedagogiky a kognitívnej psychológie. All stimuli are, by their nature, essentially episodic. Intervention programs for retarded performers: Goals, means, and expected outcomes. Archived from on April 25, 2012.
The lack of such cognitive processing of stimuli leads to the condition of episodicity. These programmes consume significant resources because of the multidisciplinary staff required for clinical and developmental assessments and interventions, the coordination required to maintain contact with children after discharge and the time input from families. There has been strong interest in applying these discoveries to learners with learning disorders focusing on increasing working memory capacity. As conclusions, the scale offers the opportunity to assess skills in young children and know the degree of cognitive modifiability. Contributions are systematic reviews, scope reviews, and original em-pirical research reports. In a situation where the auditory stimuli are very important but inadequate as to amplitude, what will the effect be on thinking and on the consequent development or maintenance of cortical structures? Buy with confidence, excellent customer service!.


text:
World Mental Health Day: Mayor of London Boris Johnson Calls for Better Awareness
By Ian Silvera
October 10, 2014 12:06 BST
The Mayor of London Boris Johnson has called for better awareness of mental health as countries across the globe mark World Mental Health Day.
Mental ill health affects one in four Londoners and costs the capital an estimated £26bn ($41bn, €32bn) each year, according to a report commissioned by the Conservative Party politician.
The research also revealed that around two million Londoners will experience mental ill health in 2014, which can affect every aspect of life, from family relationships, to the ability to work and cope at school or college.
World Mental Health Day: Friends Life Chief Calls on Business Leaders to \'Break the Silence\'
World Mental Health Day: \'Living with Schizophrenia\' Theme for 2014
"Mental ill health is an issue that affects millions of Londoners, yet we are too often frightened to discuss it, worried about what people might think, or unaware of who to turn to," said Johnson.
"World Mental Health Day is an opportunity to bolster awareness of this issue amongst businesses, schools, colleges and Londoners in general, to help break down the oppressive social barriers that exist around mental ill health and get people the help and support they urgently need."
The Mayor's Office has identified mental ill health as a "priority issue" and said it is likely to be a key concern in a report published soon by the London Health Commission.
"People are still embarrassed to talk about mental illness, and there is still a culture of blame and shame," said Marjorie Wallace, founder and chief executive of the charity SANE.
"That is why we launched our Black Dog campaign, so that people passing by can see a visible symbol of their inner, darker feelings.
"It's easier to say 'I've had a Black Dog day or week' than it is to say 'I've had anxiety or depression'."
Related topics : London


text:
Breaking: Lebanon announces formation of new government
US forces block 2 Russian military convoys in northeastern Syria as tensions increase
Home Syria Local Syrians form militia to expel US-backed forces from Raqqa – Reports
Local Syrians form militia to expel US-backed forces from Raqqa – Reports
A Kurdish SDF fighter looks as smoke rises above Raqqa, Summer 2017 (Reuters)
Rate Article (4 / 2)
Local Arab tribesmen have formed a militia to fight and oust the US-backed SDF from Raqqa, according to media reports and reports circulating on social media.
The group, which has called itself the Popular Resistance of Raqqa (PRoR), currently has just a few dozen fighters in its ranks, but is covertly recruiting additional combatants.
Armed with only small arms and light weapons (SALW), they are currently only able to conduct hit-and-run attacks, as they simply don't have the manpower to take and hold territory.
At the moment the group's forces are stationed in Raqqa city, though they may expand into other areas of the province, provided they can significantly increase their manpower.
Sunni Arab tribesmen — primarily from the Al-Shaitat tribe — played a significant role in the Syrian Army's Russia-backed offensive against Daesh* (also known as ISIS/ISIL/IS/Islamic State) in Deir ez-Zor, contributing thousands of fighters to anti-terrorist operations in the area.
Much of the casualties from the US' attack on Syrian forces last month were reportedly from this tribe. A number of troops from the elite "ISIS Hunters" militia were also killed by the US military in last month's attack.
Syrian media reported that a total of 50-60 pro-government combatants were killed in the attack, refuting reports of hundreds of soldiers being killed.
Source: Sputnik
ALSO READ Fragile ceasefire in Idlib on the verge of collapse as both sides trade attacks
The International News Desk reports on issues and events world wide.
Notice: All comments represent the view of the commenter and not necessarily the views of AMN.
All comments that are not spam or wholly inappropriate are approved, we do not sort out opinions or points of view that are different from ours.
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Please treat this discussion with the same respect you would a public park. We, too, are a shared community resource — a place to share skills, knowledge and interests through ongoing conversation.
Now the hard part!
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You can flag a comment by clicking its flag icon. Website admin will know that you reported it. Admins may or may not choose to remove the comment or block the author. And please don't worry, your report will be anonymous.
US air attack seems to have opened the a Pandora's box for them.
TheObserver
Rate Article :
Wish these locals success. Some of the Kurds are just as bad as the Turkman who are into ethnic cleansing in the areas they occupy
Jonez
They should be careful of those who wish to manipulate and infiltrate them so as to exploit their operations.


Coat colors include fawn, fawn and white, brindle and white, white.
The American Bull Mastiff (ABM) requires a firm handler, and is very protective. They absolutely love children, and are natural protectors bred for the specific task of livestock / family protection. The ability of this task is necessary to the old days of the true "Band dog." Used to control unruly cattle and swine as well as intruders, the ABM is a holding dog, par force. This breed will be completely submissive with proper training and a handler who has a natural authority over the dog. Proper human to canine communication is necessary.
The American Bull Mastiff will do okay in an apartment if it is sufficiently exercised. They are relatively inactive indoors and a small yard will do.
A brisk walk twice a day will suffice to keep your ABM in good physical and mental condition. While out on the walk the dog must be made to heel beside or behind the person holding the lead, as in a dog's mind the leader leads the way, and that leader needs to be the human.
The American Bull Mastiff will enjoy a brushing daily, but it's not required. Nails will need trimming once a month. Teeth may require a cleaning periodically and should be done by the veterinarian. Flea and tick preventative is recommended as well as heartworm preventative. We recommend that you consult with a qualified veterinarian before cleaning or treating your dog with any products.
A cross between an Alaunt type German Mastiff, 'Sassin, who shows ribs while free standing at 140 lbs., to both an American Bulldog and a White English Bulldog was made to produce the American Bull Mastiff. The ABM is ONLY registered with the BBC. The ABM is gritty like a bandog, and greatly resembling the Boer Boel of South Africa, which themselves were developed mainly from German and Dutch Alaunt type Bulldogs and Mastiffs. Various Bull and Mastiff breeds were imported into North America from various countries. The first major imports were brought by Spain. Such dogs have always been used in guarding farms and controlling livestock. Various breed types developed in various locations. The American Bull Mastiff represents one of these variations.


text:
Unused 1932 Reichstag election ballot with 10 political parties
Object | Accession Number: 2004.659.6
Ballot distributed for the November 6, 1932, Reichstag [Parliament] election in Germany. No political party won a majority in this second election of 1932, but the Nazis received the largest vote percentage, 33%. By the 1930s, the skilled propaganda campaigns of the Nazi Party had transformed Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party from a little known extremist group to popular candidates in national elections. In an April 1932 presidential run-off election, Hitler had received 37% of the vote. This November vote was the last democratic national election held in prewar Germany. On January 30, 1933, the recently re-elected President, Paul von Hindenburg, appointed Hitler Chancellor of Germany
publication/distribution: 1932 November 16
distribution: Germany
Information Forms
Ballot (lcsh)
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Collection, The Abraham and Ruth Goldfarb Family Acquisition Fund
About This Object
Rectangular, offwhite paper ballot with German text in Fraktur typeface printed in black ink. The title of the election and the electoral district are at the top in bold font. Below is a large rectangle that is open on the left and divided into 10 smaller rectangular sections. Each section has a large number, 1-5, 7, 8-10, 15, on the left and the party name in bold font and the party's representatives in small font on the center. On the right are 2 squares with the corresponding number and a black bordered circle to mark to vote for the party. The ballot is unused.
overall: Height: 7.375 inches (18.733 cm) | Width: 5.500 inches (13.97 cm)
overall : paper, ink
front, near upper edge, black ink : Reichstagswahl / Wahlkreis Dresden⸗Bautzen [Reichstag Election / Constituency Dresden⸗Bautzen]
front, first section, black ink : 1 Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei / (Hitlerbewegung) / Hitler - Dr. Frick - Göring - Mutschmann [National Socialist German Workers' Party / Hitler Movement]
front, second section, black ink : 2 Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands / Löbe - Tony Sender - Arzt - Dobbert [Social Democratic Party of Germany]
front, third section, black ink : 3 Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands / Thälmann - Rädel - Gräf - Olga Körner [Communist Party of Germany]
front, fourth section, black ink : 4 Deutsche Zentrumspartei / Dr. Brüning - Kirsch - Günther - Magda Fischer [German Center Party]
front, fifth section, black ink : 5 Kampffront Schwarz⸗Weiß⸗Rot / Dr. Hugenberg - Dr. Bang - Dr. Doehring - Grellmann - [Battlefront Black⸗White⸗Red]
front, sixth section, black ink : 7 Deutsche Volkspartei / Dingeldey - Höhne - Müller - Elsa Pechmann [German People's Party]
front, seventh section, black ink : 8 Christlich Sozialer Volksdeinst / (Evangelische Bewegung) / Behrens - Kunze - Gebhardt - Thomas [Christian Social People's Service / (Evangelical Movement)]
front, eighth section, black ink : 9 Deutsche Staatspartei / Dr. Keßler - Lemmer - Pflug - Dr. Else Ulich⸗Beil [German State Party]
front, ninth section, black ink : 10 Deutsche Bauernpartei / Dr. Fehr [German Farmers' Party]
front, tenth section, black ink : 15 Sozialistische Kampfgemeinschaft / Krebaum - Breuer - Püschel - Löscher [Socialist Fight Community]
Topical Term
Elections--Germany--History--20th century.
National socialism--Germany--History--Sources.
Political campaigns--Germany--History--20th century.
Geographic Name
Germany--Politics and government--1918-1933.
Germany. Reichstag--Elections, 1932.
The ballot was acquired by the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in 2004.
Funding Note
The acquisition of this collection was made possible by The Abraham and Ruth Goldfarb Family Acquisition Fund.
The cataloging of this artifact has been supported by a grant from the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany.
Also in German political and military propaganda collection
The collection consists of artifacts relating to the political and propaganda activities of the Nazi Party in Germany before and during World War II.
Pattern sheet for an SA uniform jacket with 6 diagrams and a size chart
Sturmabteilung (SA) uniform coat or jacket pattern sheet produced in Munich, Germany, in approximately 1935. The SA was a Nazi paramilitary organization established by Adolf Hitler in Munich in 1921. Commonly known as Brownshirts or Storm Troopers, the SA protected Nazi leaders, marched in Nazi rallies, and terrorized political opponents during Hitler's rise to power in Weimar Germany. By 1933, SA membership had expanded to nearly two million men. On June 30, 1934, the Night of the Long Knives, SS forces assassinated the head of the SA, Ernst Rohm, and most of the leadership, disempowering the SA.
Pattern sheet for SA uniform trousers with 4 diagrams and a size chart
Sturmabteilung (SA) uniform breeches pattern sheet produced in Munich, Germany, in approximately 1935. The SA was a Nazi paramilitary organization established by Adolf Hitler in Munich in 1921. Known as Brownshirts or Storm Troopers, the SA protected Nazi leaders, marched in Nazi rallies, and terrorized political opponents during Hitler's rise to power. By 1933, SA membership had expanded to nearly three million men. On June 30, 1934, the Night of the Long Knives, SS forces assassinated the SA head, Ernst Rohm, and most of the leadership, disempowering the SA.
Large text only campaign poster justifying the expansion of Hitler's powers as Chancellor after the Reichstag fire
Nazi propaganda broadside issued for the March 5, 1933, Reichstag election in Germany. After Hitler was appointed Chancellor on January 30, 1933, he called for a new election. On February 27, six days before the election, the Reichstag, the German Parliament, was set on fire. The Nazis blamed the Communists for the fire and the regime was given the authority to jail political opponents without charges and to suspend civil liberties, which included banning newspapers and meetings of opponents or any groups. In this first election under Nazi Party rule, the Nazis received the largest vote percentage, 44%, but still not a majority. On March 23, Hitler was able to have the Reichstag pass the Enabling Act, which gave him dictatorial powers.
Unused ballot for the referendum to dissolve the Prussian state parliament
Ballot distributed for the August 9, 1931, referendum on the dissolution of the Prussian Landtag [state parliament]. The Prussian state was the largest and most powerful in Germany and the most resistant to Nazi Party candidates. There was a saying that whoever controls Prussia, controls the Reich, and the state became a battleground as the Nazis sought power over all Germany. By allying with the Communists, the Nazis forced this vote to dissolve the Prussian government. The Hitlerites lost, receiving only 37% of the vote. But the violence and riots perpetrated by the Nazis against their opponents in Prussia became an excuse for an attack on the last bulwark of German democracy. On July 17, 1932, Chancellor von Papen issued a decree deposing the Prussian government. The Chancellor was made the Reich Commissioner with full powers over the Prussian state. On January 30, 1933, Adolf Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany.
Unused ballot with 5 candidates, including Hindenburg and Hitler, for the first 1932 German presidential election
Unused ballot distributed for the first round of the 1932 Presidential election in Germany held March 12. The last election had been held in 1925. By the 1930s, the skilled propaganda campaigns of the Nazi Party had transformed Adolf Hitler from a little known extremist to a leading candidate for President. The first ballot had five candidates with the incumbent President, Paul von Hindenburg, receiving 49.6% of the vote - just short of the majority. A second run-off election between Hindenburg, Hitler, and Thalmann, the Communist candidate, was held on April 10. Hindenburg obtained the largest vote percentage, 53%, and was re-elected to a second seven-year term of office. Hitler received 37% of the vote. On January 30, 1933, Hindenburg appointed Hitler Chancellor of Germany.
Handbill with commentary on wartime food ration reductions in Germany
Circular commenting on the April 6, 1942, cuts by the Reich Ministry of Food and Agriculture to the food rations of the German population. It compares the food restrictions introduced by the Nazi regime to those experienced during World War I (1914-1918). That April, weekly bread, fat, and meat rations were significantly reduced. The cuts were explained as due to shortages in the harvests and the increased need to feed the German Army and forced laborers.
View All 7 Items in the Collection


text: My Jekyll based blog. Please visit [carsten-j.github.io](http://carsten-j.github.io/).