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We're overdosing on medicine – it's time to embrace life's uncertainty
This is my 700th posting (blog) I enjoy what I do and intend to do many more. I try to cover a wide range of medical issues, with a bias to hormonal problems mainly. I keep to reputable sources of information, from credible institutions (academics, universities, medical publications) wherever possible. Keep reading.
August 3, 2015 6.09am AEST
Biomedical science has made our lives immeasurably better, but it's time to accept that too much medicine can be as harmful as too little. Kathea Pinto/Flickr, CC BY-SA
Ray Moynihan
Senior Research Fellow at Bond University
Ray Moynihan is helping organise the Preventing Overdiagnosis conferences. He wrote this article in close collaboration with Dr Iona Heath.
Bond University is not a member of The Conversation and does not financially support the project. Find out more
The Conversation is funded by CSIRO, Melbourne, Monash, RMIT, UTS, UWA, ACU, ANU, ASB, Baker IDI, Canberra, CDU, CQU, Curtin, Deakin, ECU, Flinders, Griffith, the Harry Perkins Institute, JCU, La Trobe, Massey, Murdoch, Newcastle, UQ, QUT, SAHMRI, Swinburne, Sydney, UNDA, UNE, UniSA, UNSW, USC, USQ, UTAS, UWS, VU and Wollongong.
The more we learn about the problem of too much medicine and what's driving it, the harder it seems to imagine effective solutions. Winding back unnecessary tests and treatments will require a raft of reforms across medical research, education and regulation.
But to enable those reforms to take root, we may need to cultivate a fundamental shift in our thinking about the limits of medicine. It's time to free ourselves from the dangerous fantasy that medical technology can deliver us from the realities of uncertainty, ageing and death.
We're all ill now
A growing body of evidence shows that when it comes to health care, we may simply be getting too much of a good thing. In the United States, it's estimated that more than US$200 billion a year is squandered on unnecessary tests and treatments. In the United Kingdom, senior medical groups are calling on doctors to reduce all the wasteful things they do. And in Australia, the Choosing Wisely campaign recently kicked off with lists of unnecessary and harmful health care.
Not only are we overusing pills and procedures, we're creating even more problems with "overdiagnosis" by labelling more and more healthy people with diseases that will never harm them.
Screening programs targeting the healthy can detect potentially deadly cancers and extend lives. But they can also find many early abnormalities that are then treated as cancers, even though they would never have caused anyone any symptoms if left undetected.
The common ups and downs of our sex lives are often re-labelled as medical dysfunctions. Older people who are simply at risk of future illness – those with high cholesterol, for instance, or reduced kidney function, or low bone mineral density – are portrayed as if they were diseased.
The doctors expanding disease definitions and lowering the thresholds at which diagnoses are made are often being paid directly by the companies that stand to benefit from turning millions more people into patients.
It's time to free ourselves from the dangerous fantasy that medical technology can deliver us from the realities of uncertainty, ageing and death. Javier ie/Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND
What's driving all this excess is a toxic combination of good intentions, wishful thinking and vested interests – fuelled by sophisticated diagnostic technology that often offers the illusion of more certainty about the causes of our suffering. It's as if we're seeking technical fixes for the fundamental reality of human existence – uncertainty, ageing and death.
Fundamental shifts in thinking
Indeed, intolerance of uncertainty has been suggested as among the most important drivers of medical excess. Doctors order ever more tests to try, often in vain, to be sure about what they're seeing – to be more certain. But disease and the benefits and harms of treating it are inevitably fraught with uncertainty because we're trying to apply knowledge derived from populations to unique individuals.
More broadly, uncertainty is the basis of all scientific creativity, intellectual freedom and political resistance. We should nurture uncertainty, treasure it and teach its value, rather than be afraid of it.
No matter how much the marketers of medicines try to make us feel broken by the mere passing of time, ageing is not a disease. Disease definitions that equate "normal" with being young are fundamentally flawed and require urgent review.
The doctors who defined osteoporosis, for instance, arbitrarily decided the bones of a young woman were normal, automatically classifying millions of older women as "diseased". Similarly, those who defined "chronic kidney disease" have classified the normal changes in kidney function that happen as many of us age as somehow abnormal. Brace yourself for the impending arrival of pre-dementia, the latest attempt to medicalise the ageing process.
In all cases, the people who wrote these definitions included those with ties to pharmaceutical companies – reinforcing the need for much greater independence between doctors and the industries that benefit from expanding medical empires.
Everyone must die and everyone, patients and doctors alike, is more or less fearful of dying. So, it's perhaps not surprising that we so often turn to biotechnical approaches rather than paying real attention to the care of the dying – a core purpose of medicine.
The doctors who defined osteoporosis arbitrarily decided the bones of a young woman were normal, automatically classifying millions of older women as 'diseased'. sandeepachetan.com travel photography/Flickr, CC BY-NC-ND
What we tend to forget is that medicine cannot save lives – it can only postpone death. Yet we persuade ourselves it might somehow keep extending our lives, and we come to view almost every death as a failure of medicine.
Doctors persist with treatments for the dying well after these have become obviously futile, often with the support of patients or their families. Deep, difficult and necessary conversations about death and dying are only possible in a context of trust, which becomes increasingly difficult as health-care systems are ever more fragmented.
But, there are many positive signs of change within medicine. The Choosing Wisely campaign mentioned above is a partnership between doctors and wider civil society. And it's now an international movement to wind back excess medicine.
A new approach called shared decision making is promoting much more honest conversations between doctors and the people they care for, embracing uncertainty about benefits and harms, rather than peddling false hopes. Another new approach among GPs called quaternary prevention is urging doctors to protect people from unnecessary medical labels and unwarranted tests and treatments.
Perhaps all these new movements will re-establish doctor-patient trust, helping us reduce fear and embrace uncertainty, and end the pretence that medicine can cure ageing and even death. Biomedical science has made our lives immeasurably better, but it's time to accept that too much medicine can be as harmful as too little.
Former president of the UK Royal College of General Practitioners, Dr Iona Heath, co-authored this article. Dr Heath will deliver a free public lecture on the problem of "Too Much Medicine" at the University of Sydney this Wednesday night, August
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Easternghouta
Testimony: United Syrians from Ghouta to Idlib
Mohammed Hmeidan |
The siege of Eastern Ghouta, near Damascus, lasted five years and one week. Mohammed Hmeidan and his family survived. Here he recounts the final brutal onslaught by regime forces that...
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Rafia Salamah |
Their presence is renowned but rarely witnessed. You hear a lot about their role in the news and from friends who witnessed the tragedies they have caused in the country....
How Hard Is It to Be a University Student in Rebel-Held Syria?
Lama Rageh |
Ramia did not rejoice when universities were inaugurated, because she would not put effort into obtaining a degree only to have this effort gone down the drain, with no official...
The Economic Map of Ghouta: Tunnels and 'the Prince of Cheese'
Enab Baladi Investigative Unit |
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On Freedom of Expression: The Case of Freedom Raise
SyriaUntold has decided to reflect on the incident and analyze the reactions, in an attempt to reach a better understanding of current Syrian opinion on freedom of expression.
Report on Civil Activities (Sept 17-Oct 31, 2016)
SyriaUntold report on civil activities in Syria.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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(fl. années 1190) est un moine bouddhiste japonais, fondateur de la première école du bouddhisme zen au Japon.

Biographie
Alors qu'il est moine de l'école tendai, il a l'occasion de lire des textes sur le bouddhisme zen apportés de Chine. En 1189, il envoie deux de ses disciples dans ce pays pour rencontrer Zhuóān Déguāng (拙庵德光, 1121–1203), lui-même étudiant du maître rinzai . Les disciples lui présentent une lettre dans laquelle Nōnin décrit sa réalisation de soi par sa propre pratique du zen. Déguāng apparemment l'approuve et envoie une lettre attestant l'illumination de Nōnin. Celui-ci fonde ensuite sa propre école qu'il appelle Darumashū ou « école Bodhidharma ».

École Daruma
L'école Daruma dépend de deux sources pour son enseignement : le chán primitif tel que « transmis sur le Hiei-zan dans le cadre de la tradition tendai » avec des éléments clairs d'enseignements de l'école du Nord et l'école Linji. L'enseignement Chán de l'« éveil inhérent » ou hongaku, influence l'enseignement tendai. Il explique

En raison de sa transmission dharma atypique et de son vaste mélange de divers enseignements, son école est fortement critiquée. Heinrich Dumoulin écrit de Nōnin :

En opposition à cette diversité supposée des enseignements, Hee-Jin Kim précise :

L'école Bodhidharma attire apparemment un certain nombre de fidèles, mais en 1194 la hiérarchie tendai demande que le gouvernement y mette un terme. Ils estiment que l'école est « incompréhensible » et « véhicule des absurdités ». Ses étudiants continuent à fréquenter l'école pendant un moment mais finalement se dispersent pour étudier avec Dōgen ou Eisai. En fait, Koun Ejō et Tettsū Gikai, tous deux éminents étudiants de Dōgen, auquel presque tous les enseignants modernes du zen sōtō font remonter leur lignée, sont à l'origine des élèves des successeurs de Nōnin. Le transfert de Dōgen à Echizen en 1243 est peut-être en partie dû « au fait que le Daruma-shu jouit d'une forte popularité dans cette province ».

Il y a peut-être eu des membres de l'école Daruma jusqu'à la guerre d'Ōnin 1467–1477, qui détruit une grande partie du monachisme Zen.

Voir aussi
 Mushi dokugo

Bibliographie

Liens externes
 The Soka Gakkai Dictionary of Buddhism, Nōnin [能忍]

Notes et références

Moine bouddhiste zen
Moine bouddhique japonais

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


– A clearer explanation of Lightroom Classic vs Lightroom CC Makes clear that the current version of LR is the last one without a subscription.
– No excuses! Just Do It!
Walking horses out to pasture in the morning at a horse farm in Catonsville, MD on a photoshoot arranged by the Baltimore Camera Club.
Sunrise over the marsh on Dewees Island, SC.


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DPW: Repairs Continue on Cross Island Road
by Office of the Governor | Jan 24, 2014 | Press Releases
"For years, the mayors of Talofofo, Yona, and Santa Rita have told us about the problems their residents face on their commute to and from home. This road connects our residents and visitors to our beautiful southern villages, and over the years the wear and tear of the road has posed danger to our families. The south has been overlooked for too long in the past. Today, I am happy to be part of the beginning of the first of many road projects we planned for 2014 in the south." — Governor Eddie Baza Calvo
Groundbreaking for Phase II of Route 17
One of the busiest southern roadways continues to be repaired and made safer thanks to the efforts of Governor Calvo, Lieutenant Governor Tenorio, and Department of Public Works. DPW began Phase II of the Route 17 Rehabilitation Project, today. Phase II includes the replacement of 12 cross-drainage culverts that were determined to be in poor condition and in need of immediate replacement.
The project will repair road pavement beginning from Chalan Tun Ramon Baza to Route 5.
Phase I Completed in February 2013
Phase I was completed in the beginning of last year. Those improvements included the widening of travel lanes from 10 to 12-feet and the resurfacing of 3-inch thick asphalt concrete pavement. A 1-inch thick asphalt concrete friction course was also implemented in the project with the provision of 6 —foot wide shoulders.
In Phase I, affected utilities were relocated, permanent traffic markers and signs and other roadway fixtures were installed to improve the safety for drivers.
Phase II will cost $2.5 million to be completed in the next 12 months. Both phases were funded by Federal Highway Administration funds.
Road Projects Completed in 2013
Route 17 (Phase I) Rehabilitation and Widening
Route 11 Shore Protection
Taleyfak Bridge Restoration
Resurfacing and Widening of Ylig Bridge to Pago Bay


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A proper Life Insurance policy can give you reassurance knowing that your finances and beneficiaries are secure – from temporary to permanent coverage. At Mikel's Insurance Services, we understand that as things in your life change, so will your financial and insurance needs. That's why it's important to review your Life Insurance options with a specialist you can trust.
Protect what matters most in your life with a policy from Mikel's Insurance Services.
Mikel's Insurance Services provides quality Life Insurance solutions for clients near Downey, Whittier, Lakewood, Cerritos, Bellflower, and Long Beach.


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American Idol—Time for the Guys
By WomansDay.com Editors Published: Feb 25, 2010
What a disappointment this season is turning out to be. I know we're just two days into the live performances, but as Simon has said, no one is showing any star power. Certainly not the 12 male semi-finalists. Last night there were just three who held my interest for the entire song. The rest had me itching to grab the remote. Here are a few who stood out—for good and bad reasons.
Casey James: By far, my favorite of the night. He made a Bryan Adams chestnut ("Heaven") feel new again. The judges, however, need to stop joking around so much during the critiques. Oooh, Kara has a crush on Casey. How high school! It's a total lack of respect for the person on stage.
Michael Lynche: I enjoyed his performance. The judges, not so much. But I thought it added a much-needed dose of fun and energy to the night. Was it his best? No. I just hope he did well enough to stick around.
Andrew Garcia: Although the judges were down on him, I liked his take on Fall Out Boy's "Sugar We're Going Down." So what if it sounded nothing like the original? His vocal ability is undeniable.
Todrick Hall: I hate to say it, but Todrick didn't do himself any favors. He's been one of my favorites from the beginning and I was really disappointed in him last night. Unlike Andrew, who sounded good even though he did an unrecognizable version of a hit, Todrick's version of Kelly Clarkson's "Since U Been Gone" didn't work on any level. I know he's capable of much better.
Tyler Grady: I agree with the judges. His 70s shtick is getting old. For someone like former AI finalist Bo Bice, the 70s vibe came naturally. It was organic. But on Tyler, it's starting to feel a bit fake. He needs to concentrate on his vocals and less on his Morrison-esque manner.
Lee Dewyze: The guy has a decent voice, but he needs to figure out a way to really stand out as the rock dude, because the ghosts of David Cook and Chris Daughtry are looming large.
Tim Urban: He was bad. There's just no other word for it.
Tonight, the results for the guys and the girls. Who do you think will be voted off? —Angela Ebron
Fans Beg For Matthew Gray Gubler's Return to TV


"What kind of music does she like listening to most?"
Don't you need to put 听 before 什么?
What kind of music does she like listening to most?
What kind of music does she like the most?
I know that both translations are interchangeable, but in this module DL seems to be very picky with the translations you pick. I have read somewhere that this is still a beta version so I hope they add 听 so that the alternative is also accepted.


Once in a while I like to take a dark trip down into the deep reaches of the Democratic Underground, a popular message board for ultra-left chatter. Personally, when the topic isn't just another round of Bush bashing, I'm curious to find what the big government proponents and anti-individualists have to say. It's like a frightening reality show guaranteed to give one occasional nightmares.
In my browsing today, I came across two separate threads (here and here) posted by those detailing why they believe Adolf Hitler was better than George Bush.
Disliking Bush, even intensily, could be understandable and is not the issue here. Watering down the memory of the Holocaust and 'humanizing' Hitler to the point of making serious comparisons to US presidents is an issue.
"We Must Never Forget"? I believe some have.
You'd think the fact that Hitler and modern leftists share many of the same beliefs (acccording to the guy in link 1) about the proper role of the state might scare them a little. Guess not.
I don't know if it's ultra-left chatter, I'd call it candid left chatter.
Submitted by Alex (not verified) on Tue, 1999-11-30 00:00.
What jumped out at ME is how they seem to count the fact that Hitler killed 6 million Jews and Bush hasn't as a point in *Hitler's* favor - what the HELL??? They're not watering down the Holocaust, these sickos are CELEBRATING it!!
Have you been to the Bush web site lately? The latest video complains that since Kerry has not denounced Democrats who compare Bush to Hitler. . . that turn about it fair play -- more or less. The video compares the ENTIRE Democratic Party to Hilter!
Maybe Matthew Yglesias is right, and we should just all start calling everyone Hitler, and be done with it.
Yeah. I love election years.


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Tribute to Tiananmen victims removed
Workers at Hong Kong University early Thursday removed an eight-metre statue that commemorated the 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre. (Credit: CANADIAN PRESS/Lam Chun Tung)
WASHINGTON (AP) — President Joe Biden launched into his second year in office Thursday with a new focus on making fatigued Americans believe they're better off under his leadership as he embraces a pared-back agenda before the midterm elections. The persistence of the coronavirus, rising inflation and congressional gridlock have exacted a bitter toll on Biden's approval rating and threaten a midterm routing for his party, but the president sees no need for a major shift in direction. Instead, Bi
Top news stories today | January 20th – Midday
Catch up with the most important stories from around Europe and beyond - latest news, breaking news, World, Business, Entertainment, Politics, Culture, Travel.View on euronews
Canada to give Ukraine $120M loan amid fears of Russian invasion
Canada is giving Ukraine a $120-million loan to help bolster its economy and aid as it faces a hostile buildup of Russian forces on its borders. After announcing the loan, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau was asked whether Canada will provide weapons to Ukrainian forces or impose further sanctions on Russia.
AP FACT CHECK: Biden puffs up claims of virus, job gains
WASHINGTON (AP) — In a self-appraisal that didn't always fit with the facts, President Joe Biden on Wednesday made the dubious assertion that he's outperformed all expectations on the pandemic in his first year and inflated his contribution to COVID-era economic growth. A look at some of Biden's comments in a news conference that stretched for nearly two hours: PANDEMIC BIDEN on COVID-19: "I didn't overpromise. I have probably outperformed what anybody thought would happen." THE FACTS: That's a
Endangered orangutan has healthy baby
A critically endangered Sumatran orangutan in New Orleans has given birth to a healthy male baby, but his twin brother died in the womb. (Jan. 19)
Suspended Alberta justice minister says he wasn't distracted driving, phone in pocket
EDMONTON — Kaycee Madu says he understands why Alberta Premier Jason Kenney relieved him as justice minister after Madu phoned Edmonton's police chief about a traffic ticket. Madu says he did not phone Edmonton police Chief Dale McFee to get the $300 distracted driving ticket cancelled, but understands why people could have concerns about the call. "With hindsight now I can see how that may be perceived," Madu wrote in a series of tweets late Tuesday. "There is a saying that perception is everyt
Russia is looking for a pretext to invade Ukraine, Trudeau says
As it debates whether to send weapons to Ukraine, the federal government is taking into account Russia's quest for "excuses" to invade, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said today. Calls to ship defensive weapons to the government in Kyiv grew louder this week after Britain revealed it had sent anti-tank weapons to Ukraine to help it fight off a possible Russian invasion. The U.K. was following the lead of the United States, which sent its own package of arms last fall. Foreign Affairs Minister Mél
Newsroom Ready: Trudeau concerned about Russian aggression
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau says he is concerned about the rise of Russian aggression on the Ukraine border as tensions and fear of war mount on the border in eastern Europe. Trudeau says Canada is making military and diplomatic contingency plans and won't say whether the government will extend its training mission of Ukraine military personnel. Trudeau spoke as a Canadian warship was departing Halifax to join NATO allies in the region.
Less than a day after President Joe Biden spent two hours fielding reporters questions at the White House, his press secretary fielded questions on Thursday to clarify some of his comments. (Jan. 20)


Tahira Kashyap's upcoming project, tentatively titled Sharma Ji Ki Beti, will reportedly star Madhuri Dixit Nene and Saiyami Kher in pivotal roles.
Atul Kasbekar is known for backing award-winning films with female protagonists like Neerja, Tumhari Sulu.
In Tumhari Sulu, Vidya Balan's character is an ordinary woman with the enthusiasm of seeking far more from life, and how she handles the situation with honesty, is making her a hero, says producer Atul Kasbekar.
Photographer Atul Kasbekar joins Rohan Gavaskar and Amol Muzumdar to discuss the IPL final and more.


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demerzel21 | Adobe Stock
New Jersey Governor Appoints Two Members to Commission to Oversee State's Cannabis Industry
Gov. Phil Murphy has named Dianna Houenou and Jeff Brown to the Cannabis Regulatory Commission.
Legislation and regulation News State by State: New Jersey
New Jersey Gov. Phil Murphy has named two members to the state's five-member Cannabis Regulatory Commission, which will oversee the state's medical and newly legal adult-use cannabis industries, according to an NJ.com report.
Murphy has named Dianna Houenou, associate counsel and senior policy adviser to the governor and former policy counsel for the ACLU-NJ, as the chair of the commission, and Jeff Brown, the current assistant commissioner of the Department of Health who oversees the state's medical cannabis program, as the executive director of the commission, NJ.com reported.
New Jersey voters approved adult-use legalization on Election Day, and the commission must be appointed before the program launches, according to the news outlet.
Appointments were expected earlier this year, after the 2019 Jake Honig Compassionate Use Act passed to expand the medical cannabis program and create the commission to oversee it, taking that responsibility from the New Jersey Department of Health, NJ.com reported.
Murphy is required to appoint three members, and Senate President Stephen Sweeney and Assembly Speaker Craig Coughlin must appoint one member each, according to the news outlet.
Sweeney made the first appointment in March, when he named social worker Krista Nash to the commission.
New Jersey Medical Cannabis Expansion
boscorelli | Adobe Stock
Massachusetts Implements Coronavirus-Related Business Curfew that Requires Adult-Use Cannabis Sales to End at 9:30 p.m.
Medical sales can continue past the curfew under Gov. Charlie Baker's executive order.
Business and finance Dispensary News News State by State: Massachusetts
Massachusetts Gov. Charlie Baker has issued an executive order to implement a coronavirus-related business curfew that requires all adult-use cannabis sales to end at 9:30 p.m., according to a MassLive.com report.
Medical cannabis sales can continue past the curfew under the order, which went into effect Nov. 6, the news outlet reported.
The rules are part of a new stay-at-home advisory, which aims to address a second wave of COVID-19 cases in Massachusetts, according to MassLive.com.
Other businesses, including table service at restaurants, must also close at 9:30 p.m. under the order, and all Massachusetts residents have been instructed to stay home between 10 p.m. and 5 a.m. daily with certain exceptions like grocery shopping or receiving health care, MassLive.com reported.
At the beginning of the coronavirus crisis in Massachusetts, Baker classified adult-use cannabis businesses as non-essential businesses in the state's initial COVID-19 response, forcing non-medical dispensaries to shut down for roughly two months. Adult-use retailers were permitted to re-open with curbside pickup services in May.
Dave Newman | Adobe Stock
Tennessee Lawmaker Announces Plans for Medical Cannabis Legalization Bill
Sen. Janice Bowling plans to introduce the legislation when the state legislature re-convenes in January.
Legislation and regulation Medical Cannabis News Politics State by State: Tennessee
Tennessee Sen. Janice Bowling (R-Tullahoma) has announced plans for a new medical cannabis legalization bill, according to a local WREG report.
Bowling, who has backed legislation to legalize medical cannabis in the state for years, plans to introduce the new bill when the state legislature re-convenes in January, the news outlet reported.
Qualifying conditions would include cancer, glaucoma and PTSD, according to WREG, and Bowling told the news outlet that she hopes the recent legalization of medical cannabis in nearby Mississippi will generate more support for the bill.
"We're up to 43 states that have legalized it and many of the states around us have legalized it," Bowling told WREG. "We are being foolish in the worst sense of the word—just incredibly foolish and incredibly lacking in responsiveness to what is now readily available for people to know that this is a safe medicine solution."
K.L. Kohn | Adobe Stock
New Jersey Lawmaker Introduces Bill to Implement State's Adult-Use Cannabis Program
Sen. Nicholas Scutari introduced legislation Nov. 6 to outline how the state's newly legal cannabis industry will operate.
Legislation and regulation News Politics State by State: New Jersey
New Jersey Sen. Nicholas Scutari (D-Union) introduced legislation Nov. 6 to implement the state's adult-use cannabis program, just days after voters passed a legalization initiative on Election Day, according to an NJ.com report.
The bill, S.21/A.21, outlines how the state's newly legal cannabis industry will operate, and largely mirrors an unsuccessful legalization bill Scutari sponsored last year, NJ.com reported.
The bill, which consists of 206 pages, includes many "hyper-technical" changes from the legislation considered last year, Scutari told NJ.com, as well as one more substantial change: medical cannabis license holders will be able to open two additional cultivation sites to meet adult-use demand.
Currently, medical cannabis operators can only operate one grow facility, but up to three dispensary locations, according to NJ.com.
New Jersey's new adult-use cannabis industry, as well as its existing medical cannabis market, will be overseen by the Cannabis Regulatory Commission, and there is no limit on the number of adult-use licenses that can be issued, NJ.com reported.
The legislation includes several provisions to bolster social equity and diversify ownership in the state's adult-use cannabis market, according to the news outlet, including reserving 15% of licenses for racial minorities and another 15% for women and veterans.
The bill is scheduled for hearings in the Senate Judiciary Committee and the Assembly Oversight, Reform and Federal Regulations Committee Nov. 9, according to the news outlet, and lawmakers aim to get the legislation passed through the full Senate and Assembly by Nov. 16.
C5Media | Adobe Stock
Mississippi State Department of Health in 'Planning Stages' to Develop State's Medical Cannabis Program
The department must establish regulations to implement the program by July 1, 2021.
Legislation and regulation Medical Cannabis News State by State: Mississippi
After voters passed a medical cannabis legalization initiative on Election Day, Liz Sharlot, communications director for the Mississippi State Department of Health, told the Daily Journal that the department is in the "planning stages" to develop the state's medical cannabis program.
Initiative 65, which passed with 74% of the vote, according to the news outlet, gives the department until July 1, 2021, to establish regulations to implement the program. Business licenses and patient ID cards must be issued by Aug. 15, 2021, the Daily Journal reported.
Sharlot told the news outlet that the department is currently reviewing the various factors needed to roll out the program.
"We understand the public interest, and as more details become available, the information will be publicly released and posted on our website," she said.
Initiative 65 outlines 23 qualifying conditions for Mississippi's medical cannabis program, according to the Daily Journal, and once a doctor certifies a patient for the program, he or she can purchase a medical cannabis ID card from the health department at a to-be-determined cost that cannot exceed $50.
The Mississippi State Department of Health must license treatment centers to distribute medical cannabis to registered patients, although it has not yet outlined rules for the licensing process, the Daily Journal reported.
The department may create an advisory committee to help create the regulations for Mississippi's medical cannabis program, according to the news outlet.
Mississippi Medical Marijuana


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Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America
From its beginnings in hip hop culture, the dense rhythms and aggressive lyrics of rap music have made it a provocative fixture on the American cultural landscape. In Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America, Tricia Rose, described by the New York Times as a "hip hop theorist," takes a comprehensive look at the lyrics, music, cultures, themes, and s From its beginnings in hip hop culture, the dense rhythms and aggressive lyrics of rap music have made it a provocative fixture on the American cultural landscape. In Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America, Tricia Rose, described by the New York Times as a "hip hop theorist," takes a comprehensive look at the lyrics, music, cultures, themes, and styles of this highly rhythmic, rhymed storytelling and grapples with the most salient issues and debates that surround it. Assistant Professor of Africana Studies and History at New York University, Tricia Rose sorts through rap's multiple voices by exploring its underlying urban cultural politics, particularly the influential New York City rap scene, and discusses rap as a unique musical form in which traditional African-based oral traditions fuse with cutting-edge music technologies. Next she takes up rap's racial politics, its sharp criticisms of the police and the government, and the responses of those institutions. Finally, she explores the complex sexual politics of rap, including questions of misogyny, sexual domination, and female rappers' critiques of men. But these debates do not overshadow rappers' own words and thoughts. Rose also closely examines the lyrics and videos for songs by artists such as Public Enemy, KRS-One, Salt N' Pepa, MC Lyte, and L. L. Cool J. and draws on candid interviews with Queen Latifah, music producer Eric "Vietnam" Sadler, dancer Crazy Legs, and others to paint the full range of rap's political and aesthetic spectrum. In the end, Rose observes, rap music remains a vibrant force with its own aesthetic, "a noisy and powerful element of contemporary American popular culture which continues to draw a great deal of attention to itself."
30 review for Black Noise: Rap Music and Black Culture in Contemporary America
Pete – Feb 11, 2008
A pioneering work in the scholarly research of hip hop. I still refer to it constantly, as does just about anyone in the field. One of the finest passages, I think, is her discussion of sampling practices - especially those of Public Enemy - as a postmodern composition device that preferences sounds and ideas to musical notes. It might change the mind of anyone who thinks making hip hop music is simple or mundane.
James – Oct 24, 2012
ENG393: JAMES HARDEN, TIANNA BUTLER, HARRISON CORWIN, ANNALEE KWOCHKA For some, the world of hip hop may be difficult to navigate through the various images it portrays, dense lyrical work, and bass thumping beats. Very few individuals have the skills to breakdown the components of hip hop and get to the heart of what makes this musical genre a successful and widely embraced culture. Tricia Rose's Black Noise is an insightful book that provides an array of in-depth research and commentary on wha ENG393: JAMES HARDEN, TIANNA BUTLER, HARRISON CORWIN, ANNALEE KWOCHKA For some, the world of hip hop may be difficult to navigate through the various images it portrays, dense lyrical work, and bass thumping beats. Very few individuals have the skills to breakdown the components of hip hop and get to the heart of what makes this musical genre a successful and widely embraced culture. Tricia Rose's Black Noise is an insightful book that provides an array of in-depth research and commentary on what makes hip hop, hip hop. Rose thoroughly discusses the origins of hip hop, the various elements of the culture, the politics involved, and even examines women's roles in Hip Hop. Very few people know about the historical roots of Hip Hop as a movement. In Black Noise, Rose sets the tone for this informative book by framing the origins of Hip Hop as a voice for the oppressed. Rose states, " Rap music is a black cultural expression that prioritizes black voices from the margins of urban America" (Rose 3). Beautifully interweaving the culture of the Caribbean youth and African American youth, with the beginnings of DJing, graffiti as the pulse of New York, and the widespread dance craze of b-boying and b-girling, Rose introduces her readers to the core of hip hop. Rose does a great job of incorporating specific hip hop heavy hitters of the early years like Run DMC and Whodini into her work and contextualizes them within that time period and their impact on music. The book also provides younger readers, who may not have been heavily into hip hop when the book was first published in 1994, with detailed descriptions of MCs and their songs that were making waves during that time. However, Rose at times tends to rush through the origins of b-boying, and graffiti rather quickly, focusing mainly on the MCs. While it is understandable that the main concern of a book about hip hop would be about the MCs who brought it to life, Rose could also go deeper into the importance of graffiti then and now, as well as b-boying then and now. Rose's second chapter in Black Noise provides the reader with a contextual history locating the cultural and societal factors that led and shaped the growth of hip hop during the 1970s and 1980s. Following in the footsteps of other musical scholars, Rose traces the historical rise of the four major types of African American music (the blues, jazz, rhythm and blues and rap) to historical conditions linked to the larger political and social character of America (Rose, 23). For Rose, the process of urban deindustrialization in the 1970s and the postindustrial urban landscape in the 1980s were integral in the formation of hip hop culture. The gradual loss of federal funding towards social services for cities across the country as well as the decline of industrial factories led to crippling effects across urban areas, especially affecting minority communities in these areas. New York particularly felt the effects of the nationwide economic decline. The city's bankruptcy, combined with disastrous city policies and deteriorating neighborhoods, fostered a sense of abandonment amongst Black and Latino communities. Hip hop emerged as a source of cultural identity in a "hostile, technologically sophisticated, multiethnic, urban terrain" (Rose, 34). Utilizing different platforms, such as breakdancing, rapping and graffiti writing, urban youths fostered a new identity within this urban landscape. The chapter continues by focusing categorically on the different ways in which graffiti, breakdancing and rapping existed stylistically, forming cultural identities. While Rose does an admirable job tracing the methodology of each platform and attempting to tie each together, it is questionable whether or not individual artists were truly multilateral in their accumulation of a hip hop identity. Although the emergence of hip hop cannot be discussed without tying in graffiti, breakdancing and rapping together into a broader movement, there was most likely a separation of spheres in terms of artistic expression that ought to be discussed and acknowledged. Moreover, the diversity of each category, especially graffiti is exceptionally important in understanding its growth internationally. Regardless, Rose's second chapter illuminates the social conditions that shaped and fostered hip hop into an urban cultural movement. Rose also explores the cultural contestations through lyrical analysis of the critiques in rap music. She eloquently addresses issues of institutional and ideological power over rap music, including the responses from artists and fans to these external constraints over rap. She does a wonderful job of elucidating the hidden politics within insurance policies, pubic space policing of rap fans, media coverage of violence at rap concerts, and rappers' collective responses to the media's interpretations. Her evaluations of elements that merit resistance to rap maintain validity even today. She brings attention to the perception and construction of young African Americans as dangerous and threatening and in need of policing, using anecdotal experiences to illustrate the denigrating approach of oppressors to control and regulate open spaces of black youth and minorities. She also gives the readers insight into the exclusionary business practices of venue owners and insurance companies that deny bookings to rap shows on the premise of negative images and stereotypes depicted in society. All of this is to say that Blacks cannot be let to roam free and Rose speaks to the dehumanizing nature of this policing. She further delves into the one-sided mystifying view of Blacks in places like the media and the detrimental misinterpretations of rap by scholars and critics. For instance she raises the issue of the "black on black crime" label that is often a term relayed in the news but often distorts the view of crime as some innate by-product of blackness. Consequential to this racial grammar, Rose enlightens us of how the Stop The Violence movement, modeled after KRS-ONE's song, was off base from the rapper's original intention since it did not redefine the problem but instead subjected to constraints of "self-destruction" ideology without considering the external economic, social, and institutional factors burdening marginalized Blacks. Her analysis of the external factors limiting the expression of rap and influencing its perception is well-rounded and promotes critical thought of hip-hop as a product of the environment it arose from. Finally, in chapter five of Black Noise, Bad Sistas: Black Women Rappers and Sexual Politics in Rap Music, Tricia Rose examines the complicated dialogue between black female rappers, male rappers, and the rest of the music industry. From a relatively impartial standpoint, she considers the ways that "black women rappers work within and against dominant sexual and racial narratives in American culture." Rose highlights three key themes in this discourse, all in dialogue with both male rappers and with broader social conversations: heterosexual courtship, the importance of the female voice, and power in women's rap and black female public displays of freedom (both physical and sexual). Although Rose's analysis of this conversation is both thorough and insightful, the context and time period that she discusses is rather out of date (the book was published in 1994), and the conversation has changed somewhat in almost twenty years.
Petty Lisbon – Sep 13, 2019
I thought this book gave an in depth look at the cultural background and reputation of rap music in the early 90's. There were a lot of interesting things I learned (like the development of graffiti, urban decay in New York City, the big power outage of the 70's, early production techniques) but some of the chapters about oral tradition just went on and on. I enjoyed what she wrote about institutional prejudice about rap music (such as insurance companies dropping venues that would book rap conc I thought this book gave an in depth look at the cultural background and reputation of rap music in the early 90's. There were a lot of interesting things I learned (like the development of graffiti, urban decay in New York City, the big power outage of the 70's, early production techniques) but some of the chapters about oral tradition just went on and on. I enjoyed what she wrote about institutional prejudice about rap music (such as insurance companies dropping venues that would book rap concerts and journalists inflating fights during concert reviews) and the chapter about women in rap was well done.
sarah louise – Oct 01, 2010
Uh-mazing. Everyone should have as nuanced and valued an understanding of rhythm and repetition in rap/hip-hop as Tricia Rose. Any given aesthetic taste aside, the cultural value of the music and the expression of continuity and fluidity/change is utterly fascinating, meaning-making.
Karie – Nov 15, 2007
A very engaging book. a must read for any hip hop/ cultural studies junkie (which I am)
Diana – May 24, 2007
Anyone who loves hip hop and wants to more abuot the controversial history- this book is a good start.
Brianna – Apr 29, 2020
I found this to be a very intelligent and eye opening analysis. I have never been a big fan of rap music, but this book completely changed my understanding of it. Rose tackled so many different angles on the hip hop movement. Her writing style was easy to read, yet insightful. I thought Rose did a particularly good job at challenging sexism in the music industry and challenging hegemonic tactics in the media. Though the beginning of the book didn't immediately capture my interest, I flew through I found this to be a very intelligent and eye opening analysis. I have never been a big fan of rap music, but this book completely changed my understanding of it. Rose tackled so many different angles on the hip hop movement. Her writing style was easy to read, yet insightful. I thought Rose did a particularly good job at challenging sexism in the music industry and challenging hegemonic tactics in the media. Though the beginning of the book didn't immediately capture my interest, I flew through the last two chapters, completely enthralled.
Baibhav Sharma – Oct 27, 2020
Detailed thoughts coming soon. This will be my go to for critical theory of rap till early 90s, however. Still reading throughThe Hip Hop Wars: What We Talk About When We Talk About Hip Hop--and Why It Matters. Detailed thoughts coming soon. This will be my go to for critical theory of rap till early 90s, however. Still reading throughThe Hip Hop Wars: What We Talk About When We Talk About Hip Hop--and Why It Matters.
RUNA – Dec 22, 2020
Shenard Robinson – Aug 06, 2019
Overall good review of Hip Hop. A dense read that is not for the faint of heart but for those interested in the intersectionality of culture and blackness in America and how one defined the other.
Cana McGhee – Oct 29, 2020
as the first to theorize hip hop, this book still stands the test of time all these decades later!
Gacoca – Aug 26, 2019
this book is very great
Benjamin Martin – Jul 03, 2017
A quite selective yet insightful read on rap culture.
Mojidi – Aug 16, 2019
This book is definitely terific.
Natalie S. – Jan 31, 2012
The best book to read if you want to know more about hip hop's history and biggest challenges. The chapters on hip hop as resistance (Prophets of Rage) and hip hop's history of seizing urban spaces (All Aboard the Night Train) were incredibly revealing. The narrative Rose tells is comprehensive, easily understandable, and oftentimes poetic. The book was, however, published in 1994 and desperately needs a new volume. Then again, I also haven't been exposed to much analysis of 80s/90s hip hop, and The best book to read if you want to know more about hip hop's history and biggest challenges. The chapters on hip hop as resistance (Prophets of Rage) and hip hop's history of seizing urban spaces (All Aboard the Night Train) were incredibly revealing. The narrative Rose tells is comprehensive, easily understandable, and oftentimes poetic. The book was, however, published in 1994 and desperately needs a new volume. Then again, I also haven't been exposed to much analysis of 80s/90s hip hop, and watching Queen Latifah/MC Lyte/Public Enemy music videos was really entertaining. Delving into hip hop's history is so revealing. It always leaves me frustrated at how far the genre has deviated from the narratives of resistance and empowerment that hip hop once engendered, and how (if?) we can progress past the misogyny, racism, and violence that dominates American radio waves today.
Joshua – Mar 02, 2008
This is a brilliant book, despite some elements that I disagree with. Rose has clearly been immersed in hip hop for decades, and this 1994 book is often called the best book on hip hop. Despite being very much of its time, its wide acclaim is easy to understand. While specific to black cultural discourses (one wonders what a book like this would look like had it talked more about Latino/a involvement in hip hop), the book's refreshing focus on political economy--supposedly lacking in American Cu This is a brilliant book, despite some elements that I disagree with. Rose has clearly been immersed in hip hop for decades, and this 1994 book is often called the best book on hip hop. Despite being very much of its time, its wide acclaim is easy to understand. While specific to black cultural discourses (one wonders what a book like this would look like had it talked more about Latino/a involvement in hip hop), the book's refreshing focus on political economy--supposedly lacking in American Cultural Studies--as well as its heavy use of theory made accessible and the depth of research on everything from technology to gender to debates on hip hop as music make for a very fascinating read. Highly recommended.
Sophie Zali – Dec 27, 2012
"...Black culture in contemporary America", en effet ce livre est très afro-centré ! En même temps, c'est annoncé dès le début, on est pas surpris. Sans cesse décrire le hip-hop et la musique rap comme des produits inhérents à la culture et aux traditions afro-américaines, c'est réducteur à la fin ! Oui on est d'accord, mais PAS QUE ! Situer cette caractéristique, non sans importance, dans le temps ne serait pas de trop... les temps changent. Le hip-hop aussi. Par ailleurs, on notera que Rose dép "...Black culture in contemporary America", en effet ce livre est très afro-centré ! En même temps, c'est annoncé dès le début, on est pas surpris. Sans cesse décrire le hip-hop et la musique rap comme des produits inhérents à la culture et aux traditions afro-américaines, c'est réducteur à la fin ! Oui on est d'accord, mais PAS QUE ! Situer cette caractéristique, non sans importance, dans le temps ne serait pas de trop... les temps changent. Le hip-hop aussi. Par ailleurs, on notera que Rose dépeint parfaitement bien l'histoire du hip-hop (et de ses éléments) dans l'Amérique postindustrielle des années 70. Ca rattrape les premiers faux-pas. En fait, on ne sait pas si Rose est historienne ou sociologue... ou les deux ? À vouloir tout traiter, on passe à côté de l'essentiel.
Theon Hill – Jun 16, 2015
Rap music persists as a misunderstood genre in American culture. In this valuable text, Tricia Rose attempts to uncover the shroud of mystery that surrounds the controversial form of expression. Although this book dates back to 1994, Rose's thoughts remain pertinent to contemporary discussions of the role of rap music within American culture. Specifically, I found her thoughts on the historical, sociological, political, and economic contexts from which the rap music emerged to be be particularly Rap music persists as a misunderstood genre in American culture. In this valuable text, Tricia Rose attempts to uncover the shroud of mystery that surrounds the controversial form of expression. Although this book dates back to 1994, Rose's thoughts remain pertinent to contemporary discussions of the role of rap music within American culture. Specifically, I found her thoughts on the historical, sociological, political, and economic contexts from which the rap music emerged to be be particularly insightful.
Daniel – Oct 04, 2012
A very academic book about rap culture in the mid 90s. As a rap fanatic this book held interest for me but the language and ideas are complicated and unless you are interested in hip hop culture this is not for you. Essentially this is a college level text about rap but also African American culture in contemporary America. Each chapter covers separate ideas so it is possible to dip in and see if this is a book you may be interested in reading.
Courtney – Jul 10, 2013
Honestly I think that this is a good book in the context of the early to mid 1990s. But because it was published in 1994, I felt like it misses so much. I kept wanting explanations or an examination of hip hop culture in the later 1990s at least. I'd be interested to read a subsequent book about the changes over time that brought us to contemporary rap. This book is about to be 20 years old, I'm sure someone has written about all that by now. Honestly I think that this is a good book in the context of the early to mid 1990s. But because it was published in 1994, I felt like it misses so much. I kept wanting explanations or an examination of hip hop culture in the later 1990s at least. I'd be interested to read a subsequent book about the changes over time that brought us to contemporary rap. This book is about to be 20 years old, I'm sure someone has written about all that by now.
Charissa – Feb 24, 2009
This book would be interesting if it would stop trying so hard to be academic. If I have to read another paragraph which dissects the hip hop music of the streets into neat little post-modern segments and ideas I'm going to have to spork someone. Good god, shut up and dance already. This book would be interesting if it would stop trying so hard to be academic. If I have to read another paragraph which dissects the hip hop music of the streets into neat little post-modern segments and ideas I'm going to have to spork someone. Good god, shut up and dance already.
Caroline – May 07, 2010
Just haven't been in the mood for the academic... Just haven't been in the mood for the academic...
secondwomn – May 18, 2014
Clear, concise, and still relevant. Rose packs a lot into this seminal work.
Mike – May 07, 2008
Changed the way I look at hip-hop outside of the "Stuff White People Like" sub-genre. Changed the way I look at hip-hop outside of the "Stuff White People Like" sub-genre.
Lo-zo Avz – Feb 10, 2014
An eye opening contextualization of rap music. READ IT!
Malik Gaither – Dec 17, 2013
i love how it describes the scene of hip-hop and rap culture. it is very in depth and i just love the book.
J_D – May 21, 2015
4 star. If you are looking for a early study about Hip Hop culture, then this is your book.
Daniel – Apr 03, 2016
need to give it a deep read later but this is good stuff.
Natasha Robinson – Jan 08, 2010
this bok keeps you going about life that we have no idea about and it makes you really wonder what is going on
Caitlin – Apr 29, 2013
Available now on Kindle as well! http://www.amazon.com/Black-Noise-Cul... Available now on Kindle as well! http://www.amazon.com/Black-Noise-Cul...
Understanding Health Insurance: A Guide to Billing and Reimbursement - 2020
like out of 5
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PASSTRAK Life and Health Insurance Questions & Answers, 5E


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Tony Evans Podcasts
Tony Evans public [search 0]
Tony Evans' Sermons on Oneplace.com
Dr. Tony Evans
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.oneplace.com/donate/222 The Urban Alternative is the national ministry of Dr. Tony Evans and is dedicated to restoring hope and transforming lives through the proclamation and application of the Word of God.
The Power of a Thorn 25:00
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29When something hurts, we want to make it stop. But Dr. Tony Evans says that sometimes, that's a mistake. He explains why things that seem to wear us down can really be building us up.Par Dr. Tony Evans
Begging for a Blessing, Part 2 25:00
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29Blessings come from God. But not just from God. Dr. Tony Evans will touch on the importance of the blessings we pass on, and what to do if they were never passed on to us. Find out how you can claim your spiritual inheritance.…
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29If the blessings in your life seem to be few and far between these days, Dr. Tony Evans says that it may be the result of something you've given away, maybe even without knowing it.Par Dr. Tony Evans
Treasures from Trials, Part 2 25:00
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29Trials in life are inevitable... even if we're right in the center of God's will. But Dr. Tony Evans will explain how we can discover the "up" side of "down" times as he talks about the choice we can make to find treasures in our trials.…
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29Some people will tell you that the Christian life is all smiles and sunshine and good times. Dr. Tony Evans will explain why, even though that's not true, there's treasure in our trials.Par Dr. Tony Evans
Finding Rest for Your Soul 29:30
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29If you're trying to lighten your load in life, the last thing you'd want to do is take on something new, something heavy. But Dr. Tony Evans says that's exactly what it takes to find the rest your soul has been looking for.…
To Be Made Whole 25:00
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29Too often, we think of turning to God as a last resort when our backs are against the wall, the enemy is closing in, and we're fresh out of ideas. Dr. Tony Evans will talk about taking a more heavenly approach to solving our earthly problems.…
Recovering What the Enemy has Stolen, Part 2 25:00
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29You win some and you lose some. It's true enough in everyday life, but Dr. Tony Evans explains how, spiritually, even the battles we lose can be turned into victories.Par Dr. Tony Evans
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29Every time we let the devil get the upper hand in our lives, we surrender a little bit of territory that doesn't belong to him. But Dr. Tony Evans explains that it's not too late to go back and turn those defeats into victories.…
The Complete Providence of God 25:00
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29Part of the human condition is wondering, why do the things that happen, happen? Dr. Tony Evans says that the Bible settles that question with a concept called providence."Par Dr. Tony Evans
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.oneplace.com/donate/222/29If you're trying to lighten your load in life, the last thing you'd want to do is take on something new, something heavy. But Dr. Tony Evans says that's exactly what it takes to find the rest your soul has been looking for.…
God Do You Really Care? Part 2 25:00
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.oneplace.com/donate/222/29When we're feeling hopeless and out of options, it can start to seem like God has forgotten all about us. But Dr. Tony Evans will take a look at what's really going on, and explain how we can get a clearer look at what the Lord is up to.…
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.oneplace.com/donate/222/29It's easy to see the hand of God in our life when things are sailing along nicely. But Dr. Tony Evans will point out that when we're trapped by seemingly hopeless problems or pain, even sincere Christians begin to wonder if God really cares.…
The Purpose of Pain 25:00
To support this ministry financially, visit: https://www.elsitiocristiano.com/donate/222/29When life gets painful, it's easy to start believing that God isn't taking care of us the way he used to. Dr. Tony Evans will explain why the opposite is true as he talks about the purpose of pain.Par Dr. Tony Evans


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Pakistan has been awarded "Spectrum for Mobile Broadband Award 2015 " at the prestigious Mobile World Congress 2015 of the GSM Association held at Barcelona in Spain. This is a significant development for the country's telecom sector that recognizes the progressive policies of the current government in Mobile Broadband.
The country has become a hub of activity for international and local telecom companies and unprecedented amount of foreign investment flowed into the sector due to the well thought out telecom policy, which was prepared after intensive discussions and debates involving all stakeholders. As the market grows, issues such as quality of service and the provision of value-added services are bound to define the nature of competition. Last year, the granting of 3G licenses and the first moves on 4G services was certain to see the mobile broadband segment move into major expansion mode. Just after 7 months since launch of 3G/4G service the mobile broadband subscriptions for 3G stood at around 10 million. The Spectrum auction for next generation mobile services gave people access to mobile broadband services and it also encouraged investment in mobile networks in Pakistan.
Presently, there is competition in every telecom service segment in Pakistan, including fixed telephony, mobile cellular, payphones, internet and other value-added services. Some analysts, however, argue that the country with high operating costs is discouraging the operators in an environment where profit margins have been narrowing due to stiff competition. Moreover, increased taxes and import duties on equipment purchase are also the hurdles, which would ultimately discourage and evaporating the prospective and the existing investors in the country's telecom industry.
Pakistan as a market of about 200 million people continues to allure foreign firms to invest in the country's telecom market, which has the footmarks of strategic investors such as Orascom, Etisalat, Telenor, Abu Dhabi Group's Warid Telecom and Canada's Nortel Networks and China's telecom giants- ZTE Corporation and China Mobile. Since 2003, the deregulation policy attracted significant foreign investment in the telecom sector. Under the deregulation policy, the foreign companies were encouraged to invest in the telecommunications market.
Pakistan Telecommunications Authority (PTA), the telecom regulator awarded over 84 licenses to more than some 35 companies for fixed line local loop (FLL) and licensed fifteen others for WLL operations in different regions while 12 licenses were issued for LDI (long distance and international) service. Scores of new private entrants geared up to provide service making the country one of the fastest-growing cellular markets.
Just after five years of deregulation, the country emerged as the world's third fastest growing telecom market, as the foreign and domestic firms continued to invest in the sector. The country's network growth took a boost with fiber systems, which are being constructed across the country.
Telecom sector was able to attract over $12 billion of investments from 2006 to 2012, according to the report. Telecom sector had attracted $6 billion in foreign direct investment (FDI) since FY06 but FY13 ended on a negative note. FDI in telecom sector remained on the negative side of the scale as outflows of $408 million were reported during FY2013. The FDI outflow, however, turned around with auction of mobile spectrum for high-speed internet services. Liberalization of the sector made it attractive for many global telecom giants to invest in Pakistan. Cellular mobile sector has been the major driver of growth in telecom revenues. The country became the world's third fastest growing telecommunications market in 2008 when the mobile sector in Pakistan was most active, followed by broadband; while the fixed line sector remained somewhat static.
Telecom sector remained major contributor for bringing FDI into Pakistan during first 11 months of fiscal year 2013-14, according to State Bank of Pakistan. The country received total FDI of $1.36 billion during the first 11 months of 2013-14, slightly up from $1.32 billion it attracted during same duration a year ago. Out of this $1.36 billion, telecom sector contributed towards the net FDI with $406.4 million during the period. In the last fiscal year, telecom sector invested $736.7 million however, $330 million were withdrawn from the country by foreign telecom operators. This resulted into a net FDI of $406.4 million during the period. The investment in telecom sector had come mainly due to proceeds of 3G and 4G auction.
It is also a fact that the foreign investment in the telecom sector is presently on decline due to higher ratio of taxes and reluctance of major players to move with expansion plans in the country's rural areas. The government needs to create a technology driven, consumer-oriented and business friendly environment with fair competition, affordable tariffs, high quality of services and extended land coverage.
The telecom industry added almost 10 million new cellular connections in the fiscal year 2013. The steady growth came on the back of the country's growing teledensity. Telecom is one of the highest tax-paying sectors. The sector, on average, has contributed Rs119 billion a year to the national exchequer between FY09 and FY13.


Season 20 of The Bachelor is finally upon us and even if you don't find Ben Higgins especially interesting, the ladies chosen to compete for his heart should have no problem keeping your attention. Among gaggle of strange jobs listed by The Bachelor contestants (one contestant is even described as a Chicken Enthusiast), are Haley and Emily Ferguson, who list their occupations as, you guessed it… Twins. Since I was under the impression that being a twin is the result of a biological process and not an actual career choice, I can't help but to question what The Bachelor twins' real jobs are.
Well, it appears that their own assessments of their careers are not really that far off. The 23-year-old sisters from Las Vegas seem to be making at least part of a living by simply being twins. According to Reality Steve, while Haley and Emily do work as cocktail waitresses, they also appear on reality TV together (even before The Bachelor) and dabble in modeling. It's pretty impressive that the Fergusons were able to find careers that allow them to work together so often. Here's what else you should know about Haley and Emily before they join the competition on The Bachelor.
Called "Blondesense", their blog isn't about being twins, but rather a treasure trove of recipes, travel tidbits, and fashion/beauty advice. I got a little lost in it myself because they really do dish out some good advice. I mean, frosted banana cookies? Sign me up.
Haley and Emily are constantly gushing about how the other one is the better half and how lucky they are to have each other. It's supremely sweet to see two sisters truly appreciate the bond they have. Let's hope that they're able to maintain that bond throughout this season of The Bachelor, and maybe even increase it.
They seem like they don't take themselves too seriously and it's actually really endearing.
Both Haley and and Emily have furbabies that they very openly adore. That gives you about a zillion extra points in my book.
The pair actually appeared on another reality show together competing to become Dallas cowboy cheerleaders, so don't be surprised if you see the Ferguson twins literally cheering each other on as they compete on The Bachelor this season.


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Home Local Unions IBEW Local 1 Fitters overcome Electricians in inaugural hockey faceoff
IBEW Local 1
Plumbers & Pipefitters Local 562
Fitters overcome Electricians in inaugural hockey faceoff
562 WINNERS: IBEW Local 1 President Jim Reinheimer (right) and Plumbers & Pipefitters Local 562 Assistant Business Manager Brian Nichols hold up the winner's trophy on behalf of the jubilant Local 562 veteran team. The trophy (above) was designed by Local 562 journeyman welder Mike Sweeney.
It was a bit rough and tumble, but great fun stirred on by over 500 cheering fans as a Plumbers & Pipefitters Local 562 veteran hockey team faced off against the first-year Electrical Workers Local 1's "Shockers" in a July 17 first-ever braggin' rights contest.
Despite the Local 1's Facebook post that "We'll take them down," it was not to be as Local 562 took the match 8-4 in a game that was hard fought on both sides but filled with
THE UNIQUE TROPHY to memorialize the event created by Local 562 journeyman Mike Sweeney.
lots of comradery, on and off the ice. The initial plans are for an annual contest, however, because of the great fun of this first contest, the two teams are considering a faceoff every six months with a charity to be the benefactor of associated fundraising with the event.
MARKING THE INAUGURAL EVENT, a special tee shirt was created for participants which will long serve as a memorial to the fun, historic event.
Local 1 has had its hockey team for only six months. Local 562's team is in its third year.
"It was phenomenal, everyone was supportive and excited for their team," said Joe Sansone, a Local 562 training instructor who, along with Bob Ellison, a retired Local 562 member, coach the team.
Local 1's team coaches are two apprentices, Eric Levy and Tylor James. The enthusiasm over the team has been so "electric" (pardon the pun) that Local 1's team has been invited to the International Union's national hockey competition to be held in Detroit in April 2023 where U.S. and Canadian IBEW teams will compete.
"It was a great, exciting day for everyone," added Levy.
THE CALM BEFORE THE STORM: IBEW Local 1 (left) and Plumbers & Pipefitters Local 562 (right) pose for the inaugural game's team photo, the quietest few minutes of the entire evening. After the photo, it was "game on!"
DROPPING THE STARTING PUCK to get the first annual hockey game between Plumbers & Pipefitters Local 562 and Electrical Workers Local 1 are Local 1 Business Manager Frank Jacobs (at right) and Plumbers & Pipefitters International Secretary-Treasurer Pat Kellett. Players ready for action are IBEW's Eric Levy (right) and Local 562's Anthony Logaglio. Referee is Derek Bilyue, the brother of Local 1 journeyman/player Kyle Bilyeu.
TALENTED WELDER
A special logo for the event was created by Local 562 journeyman welder Mike Sweeney that was used on a special t-shirt to memorialize the event.
The game was played at the Mills Ice Zone, the official practice facility of the St. Louis Blues located in the POWERPlex sports complex, formerly the St. Louis Outlet Mall, in Hazelwood.
The unions plan on this being an annual event.
– All photos by IBEW Local 1 Business Rep. John Kahrhoff
inaugural hockey faceoff
Mills Ice Zone
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Ram Shefa (, born 15 February 1985) is an Israeli politician. A former head of the National Union of Israeli Students, he was a member of the Knesset for the Labor Party from 2021 to 2022, having previously been an MK for the Blue and White alliance from 2019 to 2021.

Biography
Shefa was born in kibbutz Givat Haim (Ihud), the son of Gershon, an Olympic swimmer and Tamar, a kindergarten teacher. He attended Maya'an Shahar school, after which he did a Service Year in the Beit HaYeled boarding school in Tel Aviv. In his national service in the Israel Defense Forces he served in the Shaldag Unit. After completing his national service, Shefa moved to the Ein Yahav moshav in the Arava Valley, where he worked in agriculture for a year, before spending six months volunteering abroad for Tevel B'Tzedek. When he returned to Israel, he worked for the Aharei organisation.

In 2012 he began an undergraduate course at the Kibbutzim College, and at the end of the year he was elected head of the college's student union. In 2014 he became deputy chair of the National Union of Israeli Students. In 2016 he started a master's degree course in public policy at Tel Aviv University, and was elected chair of the National Union of Israeli Students.

In February 2019 Shefa resigned from the union and joined the new Israel Resilience Party. After the party became part of the Blue and White alliance, he was given the twenty-ninth slot on the joint list, and was subsequently elected to the Knesset as the alliance won 35 seats. He announced on 25 January 2021 that he had joined the Israeli Labor Party and would run in its primaries, placing sixth. He left the Knesset on 31 January and was replaced by Ruth Wasserman Lande. He was re-elected to the Knesset as the Labor Party won seven seats in the 2021 elections.

For the 2022 elections Shefa was placed fifth on the Labor list, but lost his seat as the party won only four seats.

Shefa is married to Efrat Resner, with whom he has a son. The couple live in Givat Haim (Ihud).

References

External links

1985 births
Living people
Blue and White (political alliance) politicians
Israel Resilience Party politicians
Jewish Israeli politicians
Kibbutzniks
Members of the 21st Knesset (2019)
Members of the 22nd Knesset (2019–2020)
Members of the 23rd Knesset (2020–2021)
Members of the 24th Knesset (2021–2022)
People from Central District (Israel)
Tel Aviv University alumni
Israeli Labor Party politicians


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Q: What's the name of this kind of act? What's the name of this kind of act? It is commonly seen between friends. (I mean the act between two people, not necessarily 4 people like this one.)
Or can you describe it with a few words?

A: This is normally described rather literally as "putting an arm around someone's shoulder".
For example:
Mike put his arm around Tracey's shoulder while they were watching the football game.

A: A more succinct phrase would be shoulder embrace.

A: It would not be an "act". "Act" implies a performance of some kind, like in front of an audience. "Action" would be all right. "Gesture" would be a good choice. Though it generally implies movements during speech, it can also simply mean "posture" but carries a social connotation, too. A person can have a particular posture while alone, but a gesture would require at least one other person to observe it or to be the recipient of it for it to have meaning.
Example: He put his arm around my shoulder as a reassuring gesture.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Politics in the Making of HIV/AIDS in South Africa
Authors: Pienaar, K.
The eBook version of this title will be available soon
Due: October 10, 2016
Included format:
The HIV epidemic remains one of the most challenging of modern times, despite the enormous promise of anti-retroviral treatment. This timely book takes a critical look at HIV/AIDS in the context of South Africa, the country with the largest HIV epidemic in the world. Drawing on feminist science and technology studies and a close analysis of a range of textual sources, Politics in the Making of HIV/AIDS in South Africa tracks how the disease has been formed and transformed through political struggles. It illuminates the ways these struggles have also generated new selves for those living with HIV. In conducting this enquiry, the book addresses pressing questions about the politics of public health, the ethics of biological citizenship, and agency and the making of neoliberal subjects. It should appeal to scholars and students with interests in the sociology of health and medicine, the body in society, science and technology studies, and public health.
Kiran Pienaar is a Research Associate at the National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University, Australia. Her research interests include the biopolitics of health and illness, addiction, posthumanist theories, and feminist approaches to materiality.
This book makes an important contribution to understanding the scale and complexity of the HIV epidemic in South Africa by recasting what is now viewed as a notorious conflict between former South African President Mbeki […] and the Treatment Action Campaign […] By drawing on feminist theories of materiality as well as Science and Technology Studies to revisit the two historically opposed approaches, Pienaar provides the reader with a more complex relational (or 'intra-active') and hence dynamic account of the epidemic. This will have relevance for public health analysts and implementers as well as for those in the social sciences looking to devise novel modes of inquiry and intervention in response to current health and medical challenges.' - Marsha Rosengarten, Professor and Director of the Unit of Play, Goldsmiths, University of London, UK; author of HIV Interventions: Biomedicine and the Traffic between Information and Flesh
'This book draws on the insights and approaches of feminist science studies to analyse the materialization of HIV/AIDS in South Africa, connecting it to the history of conflicts between government and biomedical explanations of the disease and the policies emerging in response to these conflicts. Pienaar expertly demonstrates how scientific controversies matter and find expression in the experience and lived impacts of the condition known as HIV/AIDS. With its exceptionally lucid explication of feminist science studies approaches and its skilled demonstration of the difference these make to empirical analysis and lived experience, this book will provide an excellent resource for researchers and students who wish to realise the transformative impacts of conceptually innovative work.'- Kane Race, Associate Professor and Director of Cultural Studies, University of Sydney, Australia; author of Pleasure Consuming Medicine: The Queer Politics of Drugs
Download High-Resolution Cover
K. Pienaar
The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s)
VIII, 157


text:
By James A. Haught | 26 March 2017
Freethought Today
An etching from "The Book of Urizen," by William Blake. (Credit: Tate, London / Art Resource, NY)
This is to be printed in the next Freethought Today.
It's sad to see intelligent, devout Christians grapple with an unanswerable question: How can an all-powerful, all-loving God allow tsunamis that drown children, breast cancer that kills women, predatory hawks that rip rabbits apart, and thousands of similar horrors?
Republican scholar Peter Wehner agonized over this dilemma — philosophers call it "the problem of evil" — in his March 26 New York Times commentary, "After Great Pain, Where is God?"
He quoted the great Christian apologist, C.S. Lewis, who prayed earnestly for his wife's recovery, only to have "a door slammed in your face." After his wife died, Lewis concluded bitterly, "So this is what God's really like."
That's the clincher: The problem of evil doesn't disprove God's existence — it merely proves that He cannot be both all-controlling and all-merciful.
Epicurus first articulated the quandary around 300 B.C. If God is able to prevent tragedies, yet He lets them occur, He is heartless. Many later thinkers reached the same ugly conclusion.
Charles Templeton was a famed Canadian evangelist who teamed up with Billy Graham for revivals across America and Europe. But Templeton gradually lost his faith and finally wrote a book titled "Farewell to God: My Reasons for Rejecting the Christian Faith." He said he could no longer swallow the dogma that an all-loving Creator designed everything, writing:
Why does God's grand design require creatures with teeth designed to crush spines or rend flesh, claws fashioned to seize and tear, venom to paralyze, mouths to suck blood, coils to constrict and smother — even expandable jaws so that prey may be swallowed whole and alive?…. How could a loving and omnipotent God create such horrors?
Mark Twain saw the same puzzle when he wrote in "Letters From the Earth":
The spider kills the fly, and eats it; the bird kills the spider, and eats it; the wildcat kills the goose; the — well, they all kill each other. It is murder all along the line. Here are countless multitudes of creatures, and they all kill, kill, kill. They are all murderers.
It's difficult to love a Creator who fashioned such monstrosities. And the dilemma also extends to natural disasters and human diseases.
After a 1755 earthquake killed multitudes in Portugal, Voltaire wrote in "Candide" that priests searched for evildoers to execute, on grounds that their sins had triggered the tragedy.
Recently, after Rabbi Harold Kushner's son died of a vile disease, he wrote "When Bad Things Happen to Good People." But he couldn't explain why God didn't answer fervent prayers for the boy.
After the terrible 2004 Christmas tsunami in the Indian Ocean killed about 200,000, half of them children, various theologians pondered the absence of God, but couldn't find a clear answer.
After millennia of debate, there's only one logical conclusion about the problem of evil: It's futile to analyze the motives of an all-compassionate, all-powerful God because none exists.
Reprinted with permission from the author.
James A. Haught is editor emeritus of West Virginia's The Charleston Gazette-Mail and a senior editor of the Free Inquiry magazine. He is also the author of numerous books and articles; his most recent book is Religion is Dying: Soaring Secularism in America and the West (Gustav Broukal Press, 2010). Haught has won 21 national newswriting awards and thirty of his columns have been distributed by national syndicates. He is in Who's Who in America, Who's Who in the World, Contemporary Authors, and 2000 Outstanding Intellectuals of the 21st Century. His website is haught.net.
Holy Horrors
By James A. Haught
Prometheus Books (30 May 2002)
Stephen Fry on God
Atheist Debates – The Problem of Evil
Sam Harris – Death and the Present Moment
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EXCERPTS FROM HOLY HORRORS
Holy Horrors: The Holocaust


WORKAROUND: After typing an incorrect password, click Cancel, then click your name, then enter your password again.
When on GDM, if you enter the password incorrectly and then enter the password correctly, the GDM GUI will disappear but you won't be logged into the session - you're left hanging on a purple screen with a cursor and have to hard shutdown.
Unfortunately I don't have a device to SSH into the session from so I'm not sure how to get the unabbreviated logs?
The Ubuntu bug is here.
Ubuntu's Sebastien Bacher reckoned this should be filed against GNOME Shell rather than GDM.


I think everyone wonders at some point if they are in the right place. Have I made the right decision(s)? Am I doing as much as I could? Am I doing what I've always wanted to do? Am I doing what I should with the life I have been given?
I ask these questions to myself all the time. To me, we all stand on the line of destiny and the free will to choose our fate and, from time to time, we attribute things to one or the other as they exist in the realm of mutual exclusivity.
What if, the truth is, we can do anything we set our minds to, but it will ultimately lead to where we were always meant to be.
So, one day, we decide to be brave and chase that dream. Of course, I will use myself as an example.
When I decided to go back to school to earn a master's degree in English and creative writing, I was unsure at first if it was the right decision. I knew a part of me always thrived on creativity, and though I love drawing, sketching, music, etc. I chose writing.
A year later, I took time off of school because I got pregnant, and pregnancy offered some great quiet time for introspection. During this process, I thought about myself growing up, falling in love with the arts–particularly theater–and eventually becoming serious in my undergraduate studies and picking a major that I thought would be the "realistic" way of making money. I always wondered what would have been if I stuck to my guns and decided to major in dramatic arts.
Then it hit me — not all at once, but rather a series of quiet revelations. I have always liked telling stories. In school, they would ask us to re-interpret classics as modern day dramatic pieces, and I would be most excited to write the script (my contemporary interpretation of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight got a standing ovation from my 11th grade English class). Picture prompts for standardized tests were my creative playground. I wrote stories in my personal time. A year after starting my Master's Degree, it dawned on me that I made a choice that began many years ago and probably remained buried in some secret part of me that got lost among the "I want to be a doctor someday," talk.
Fast forward to the decision that I made to start publicizing my poetry. Not a new thing, others have been doing it on social media for a long time. I just decided to do it one day. I went to the store and bought two journals and colored markers and wrote and took pictures and posted it. It seemed impulsive, but I wanted to get better with people reading my work and getting feedback about it.
Cue another moment of reflection.
This morning, while working on the illustrations for a work in progress, I started grappling with those questions again. One of the drawings involves a burn book page from when I was in middle school (because yes, there was a burn book in my middle school, and I was one of its many victims). I still have this page, and, as I went to my "nostalgia box" with my old journals to retrieve it, I found my breadcrumbs: poems.
Written on ripped out notebook pages were an array of poems of a young girl who always wanted to write them.
I completely forgot I even shoved those wayward pages into that box. They appeared to me just as I questioned whether or not I should keep writing poems. For thirty minutes I scanned over pages of words of a girl who hardly understood the world, but attempted to through poetry.
I started chasing this dream of wanting to publish a poetry collection, only to realize I was following a path I marked out for myself a long time ago with ripped pages, pencil, and bubble letters as my stale bread.
I feel like two times now I have realized that I chased something that was already mapped out for me. Whether lost to time, or buried beneath my sense of what being successful means, along the way I lost the roadmap, but still walked the right avenues to get to the destination. Call it the scenic route.
I don't have any accolades. Not a whole lot of people know who I am. Only a few people may ever read this. Hardly any of that matters though, because I am settling into the unfamiliar peace that comes from learning that I have been chasing myself all along.
I bet if you take the time to think about it, you'll find that, in some small way, you've been chasing you too.


text:
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Canadian Defense Review Depicts Russia as an Arctic Adversary
by Rob Huebert
Arctic Deeply
The recently released Canadian defense review has attracted attention for its promises of substantial funding increases. The Liberal government has noted the need to spend more on Canadian defense and seems poised to do so. What has not been so widely noticed is the continuation of the commitment made by the previous government, led by the Conservatives' Stephen Harper, to increase Canada's military capabilities in the Arctic.
In fact, the Liberals under Justin Trudeau are now preparing to take Canadian Arctic securitization even further than Harper. While preceding Canadian governments have talked about the need to defend Canadian Arctic sovereignty, this defense paper is almost entirely focused on defending Canadian Arctic security. Furthermore, and most importantly, the focus is on improving Canada's military security and not on its human security requirements.
The reason why was made clear in a speech to the House of Commons by Foreign Minister Chrystia Freeland the day before the release of the defense review. In a coordinated effort to establish the foreign, defense and development policy of the Trudeau government, Freeland stated that the government recognizes that Canada is facing an increasingly dangerous and uncertain international system. She specifically focused on the assertive/aggressive actions of the Russian government and the uncertainty that Donald Trump's administration has created.
The defense review also specifically names the growing Russian threat. In one section Russia is identified as a renewed threat to international peace and stability. Specifically, "Russia has proven its willingness to test the international security environment. A degree of major power competition has returned to the international system." The review also makes a direct reference to Russia's illegal annexation of the Crimea. In short, the review and the Freeland speech make it clear that the Canadian government now views the Russian government as a renewed threat.
The defense review does state that Russia has been able to cooperate with Canada and the other Arctic nations in that region of the world, but it is careful to specify that this cooperation is within the context of economic, environmental and safety issues. It does not suggest that there is any level or form of cooperation on issues relating to security or other strategic concerns between Russia and the other Arctic states.
So what is being promised regarding Canadian Arctic security? First, the government has committed to completing the five to six Arctic offshore patrol ships initiated by the Harper administration. While these vessels are mainly designed for constabulary functions, they will give the Navy its first major capability to operate in the Arctic since it gave up its one and only icebreaker in the 1950s. The government also maintained its commitment to completing the refueling site in Nanisivik.
The review also recognizes that there is a need to modernize the North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD). It makes it clear that the alliance needs to be reinvigorated through an extensive effort to improve its surveillance capability. The modernization effort is to include 88 new fighter jets to replace the existing F-18 fleet, new satellite capabilities, drones and other new equipment. This will be very costly and raises the question: Why spend the money unless the government believes that there is a pressing need to do so?
The review states that there is a need to modernize one of the most important elements of NORAD: the North Warning System (formerly the DEW Line). It explains that "while the current NWS is approaching the end of its life expectancy from a technological and functional perspective, unfortunately the range of potential threats to the continent such as that posed by adversarial cruise missiles and ballistic missiles has become more complex and increasingly difficult to detect." The only two states that currently have the ability to launch cruise missiles from within the Arctic are the United States and Russia. The use of the term "adversarial" makes it clear which one the Canadian government sees as the threat.
Even more striking is the defense review's acknowledgment that there is a need to work more closely with NATO allies in the Arctic. This was something that the Harper government resisted. Wikileaks has revealed that the Harper government made it very clear to NATO that it did not support the efforts of some within the alliance to increase their focus on the Arctic.
In contrast, the defense review explicitly states that "among the challenges at home is the need to operate in the Arctic, alongside the Canadian Coast Guard, and alongside allied partners." The review states that "NATO has also increased its attention to Russia's ability to project force from its Arctic territory into the North Atlantic, and its potential to challenge NATO's collective defense posture." That includes Canada and its NATO allies being ready to "deter and defend against any potential threats," such as the encroachment of naval vessels approaching Allied territory in the North Atlantic. This is one of the most important changes from the defense policies of the preceding government. In fact, the Liberals have put the threat in the Arctic in the starkest terms since the Brian Mulroney government's defense policy of 1986.
Overall, the 2017 Liberal defense review provides a clear expression of the government's understanding of the changing security environment as it pertains to the Arctic. The terminology is no longer cast in terms of defending Canadian Arctic sovereignty, but is now clearly about defending Canadian Arctic security. The government has also identified a clear path as to how it plans to undertake this defense. While there are questions as to whether or not the government will do what it promises to do, it is clear that it understands that the security challenges in the region today are not the ones that were assumed to exist throughout most of the 1990s and 2000s.
Rob Huebert is an associate professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Calgary and a senior research fellow with the Centre for Military and Strategic Studies. He is also a fellow with the Canadian Global Affairs Institute.
Image credit: Virginia Mayo / AFP
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text:
Q: Need to setup OpenJDK 11.0.2 to execute Java application, but system installed different version. How to execute application using OpenJDK version I have Java Application which requires OpenJDK 11.0.2 to execute,but my laptop installed Java 1.8.0_191.
To execute application I have setup OpenJDK version JAVA_HOME locally inside the start up.bat file. But still application execute using System Java version.
Please help me to resolve this.
I have changed Startup.bat file as like this.
set JAVA_HOME=C:\OpenJDK\jdk-11.0.2;

set path= %JAVA_HOME%\bin;%path%;

java -jar execute.java

A: You need to prepend OpenJDK 11.0.2/bin/ to your PATH variable, otherwise it will pick up the system installed java.exe from 1.8.0_191/bin/ no matter what your JAVA_HOME is set to as Java 1.8.0_191 installation will have added it to your system environment PATH variable.
You can check your current path by just typing set into a cmdline box.
This at the start of startup.bat would fix that:
set PATH=C:\Program Files\Java\OpenJDK 11.0.2\bin;%PATH%

That would set the PATH variable to include the bin directory of the OpenJDK 11.0.2 installed in the Program Files directory. The %PATH% at the end of the command is used to append the existing PATH variable to the new value of PATH, ensuring that any existing directories on the PATH are not lost. You can change the part C:\Program Files\Java\ to any location where you installed/copied OpenJDK 11.0.2.