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VIA HARPER
Towards a Unifying Identity for the Left: Citizenship
Mark Lilla Proposes a Way for Democrats to Move Forward
By Mark Lilla
It is a bittersweet truth that there has never been a better opportunity in half a century for American liberals to start winning the country back. Republicans since Donald Trump's election are in disarray and intellectually bankrupt. Most Americans now recognize that Reagan's "shining city upon a hill" has turned into rust belt towns with long-shuttered shops, abandoned factories invaded by local grasses, cities where the water is undrinkable and guns are everywhere, and homes across the country where families are scraping by with part-time minimum-wage jobs and no health insurance. It is an America where Democrats, independents, and many Republican voters feel themselves abandoned by their country.
So what has been preventing liberals from seizing this opportunity? A word: We. Liberals' hyper-sensitivity about identity has gotten them in the habit of seeing and talking about the country as an agglomeration of groups. They tend to put the word we into quotation marks, as if to say that of course there is no such thing. Yet there is no long-term future for liberalism without this word.
Historically liberals have called on us to ensure equal rights, they want us to feel a sense of solidarity with the unfortunate and help them. We is where everything begins. Barack Obama understood this, which is why he so often said Yes, we can and That's not who we are. (Though, characteristically, he never got around to saying who exactly we are or who we might become.) But by abandoning the word, identity liberals have landed themselves in a strategic contradiction. When speaking about the groups to which they belong, they want to assert their difference and react testily to any hint that their particular experience or needs are being erased. But when they call for political action to assist their group X, they demand it from people they have defined as not-X and whose experiences cannot, they say, be compared with their own.
But if that is the case, why would these others respond? Why should not-Xers give a damn about Xers, unless they believed they share something with them? Why should we expect them to feel anything at all?
The only way out of this conundrum is to appeal to something that as Americans we all share but which has nothing to do with our identities, without denying the existence and importance of the latter. And there is something, if only liberals would again begin to speak of it: citizenship.
Admittedly, the word citizen has a musty air and conjures up images, for people of a certain age, of schoolteachers tapping blackboards with wooden pointers during civics class. But it has great democratic—and Democratic—potential, especially today. That is because citizenship is a political status, nothing less and nothing more. To say that we are all citizens is not to say that we are all alike in every respect. It is a social fact that many Americans today think of themselves in terms of identity groups, but there is no reason why they cannot simultaneously think of themselves as political citizens like everyone else. Both ideas can be—indeed, are—true. What's crucial at this juncture in our history is to concentrate on this shared political status, not on our other manifest differences. Citizenship is a crucial weapon in the battle against Reaganite dogma because it brings home the fact that we are part of a legitimate common enterprise that We, the people have freely willed into being. That we are not elementary particles.
Another reason to think and speak in terms of political citizenship is that the status is extendable and its meaning expandable. The American right uses the term citizenship today as tool of exclusion, but liberals have traditionally seen it as a generous tool for inclusion. The modern concept of citizenship originally meant that you were neither a slave nor a subject under the authority of a monarch or a pope. It was a formal designation and was restricted to a small class of people. In the 19th century, in Europe and the United States, the question became who deserved to be citizens, and eventually the formal franchise was extended to those without property, women, former slaves, and so on. In the 20th century the question centered on what was materially necessary to enjoy the benefits of democratic citizenship equally, which provided a way of making the case for the modern welfare state. All liberal arguments to improve that state can still be formulated in terms of citizen enfranchisement.
And the concept of citizenship has one additional advantage. It provides a political language for speaking about a solidarity that transcends identity attachments. Democratic citizenship implies reciprocal rights and duties. We have duties because we have rights; we enjoy rights because we do our duty. Yet the more individualistic our society has become and the more assertive Americans have become about their rights, the more narrowly political discussion and legal discourse have revolved around the self. In the Second World War era the connection between rights and duties didn't have to be elaborated; the fight against fascism made it obvious. It was still obvious to the young men and women who served in Korea and even to those who volunteered in the early years of the Vietnam War. But the debacle of Vietnam made the notion of duty laughable to those who opposed it, and soon to much of the country.
The political creeds of our time make it virtually impossible to discuss duty. If you don't need the goddamn government for anything, why should you do anything for your country? It was striking during the Reagan years that for all his talk about America as the last line of defense against tyranny, not once in his presidency did he ask the public to make any sacrifices to defend freedom at home or abroad. He understood the libertarian mood of the country too well. We now find it much easier to expand the deficit and rely on an all-volunteer force, then to give soldiers priority boarding on planes and thank them for their service. But why even do that? They got paid.
Progressives understand the need for solidarity in a way identity liberals do not—which is one reason among many why it may be up to progressives to save contemporary liberalism from itself. But progressives don't speak of duty either. They remain prisoners of their own fixation on class and their nostalgia for America's industrial union past. Progressives are completely right to argue that class matters as much now as it did in the first Gilded Age. But class consciousness has far less effect on the human mind—and certainly on the American mind—than those of a Marxist bent like to think. And if a sense of solidarity is based solely on economic resentment, it will be shared only by those who feel disadvantaged, and will disappear as soon as their fortunes improve in an economic upturn. Progressive political rhetoric does nothing to convince the well-off that they have a permanent duty to the worse-off. The Bible used to, but no longer. Though this is still a churchgoing nation, the gospel now being preached, particularly in evangelical circles, has been infected with the same individualism, selfishness, and superficiality that have infected other sectors of American life. Many believers still tithe to their churches but they reject outright the notion that taxes, too, are a kind of democratic tithe that goes to help fellow citizens like themselves. Charity, like tipping, is now left to the customer's discretion.
In the absence of a motivating charitable faith, the only way one can hope to induce a sense of duty is by establishing some sort of identification between the privileged and the disadvantaged. Citizenship is not an identity in the way we currently use the term, but it provides one possible way of encouraging people to identify with one another. Or at least it provides a way to talk about what they already share. There is good reason why progressives should stop framing their calls for economic justice in terms of class and start appealing instead to our shared citizenship.
From The Once and Future Liberal, by Mark Lilla. Courtesy Harper, copyright Mark Lilla, 2017.
CitizenshipDonald TrumpHarperidentity politicslaborliberalismMark Lillaneo-liberalismpoliticsprogressivesRonald ReaganThe Once and Future Liberalunions
Mark Lilla
Mark Lilla is Professor of the Humanities at Columbia University and a prizewinning essayist for the New York Review of Books and other publications worldwide. His books include The Shipwrecked Mind: On Political Reaction; The Stillborn God: Religion, Politics, and the Modern West; and The Reckless Mind: Intellectuals in Politics. He lives in Brooklyn, New York.
Lit Hub Daily: August 21, 2017
5 Books Making News This Week: Technology, Buddhism, and Thrillers
Rebecca Schuman: I made a mistake in my book and men on the internet went nuts. | Literary Hub Mark Bray on why we should...


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City of Evanston bypassing FOIA laws, FOIA officer
The City of Evanston has been in recurrent violation of Freedom of Information Act mandates. The noncompliance was disclosed, somewhat ironically, through FOIA itself.
In examining almost 1200 online FOIA requests to the City of Evanston, at least half were unlawfully denied—through improper channels and without providing proper disclosures or bases for exemptions. By law, all public records are presumed open to the public upon request unless a public body can meet the burden "of proving by clear and convincing evidence" that it is exempt from disclosure (5 ILCS 140/1.2).
Undisclosed redactions, denials by Law Department, not FOIA officer
Evanston's Law Department bypassed the FOIA office entirely in almost 40 percent of public record requests made in 2018, according to City records. Under Evanston and Illinois law, only the City's designated FOIA, Clerk Devon Reid, is authorized to receive, process, grant and deny requests for public records.
"The FOIA Officer is the person with the authority on behalf of the City to grant or deny requests to inspect, copy, or certify public records filed pursuant to the Act and this FOIA policy." — City of Evanston FOIA Policy
Of 1168 requests sampled from the City's online FOIA portal, 446 were denied or issued by the Law Department before being forwarded to the FOIA officer or one of his designees. Law staff also failed to disclose its involvement in any of its denials, counter to FOIA regulations, including those in which it asserted attorney-client privilege.
(5 ILCS 140/9) (from Ch. 116, par. 209)
Sec. 9. (a) Each public body denying a request for public records shall notify the requester in writing of the decision to deny the request, the reasons for the denial, including a detailed factual basis for the application of any exemption claimed, and the names and titles or positions of each person responsible for the denial.
The competing interests between the Law Department and FOIA officer have not been without conflict, particularly as the department has unofficially encroached upon FOIA duties. As originally reported by the Daily Northwestern, Reid has said he's had some disagreements with the law department in which he's pushed for required disclosure. Where FOIA's objective is transparency, the Law Department's interest protecting disclosure of records adverse to the City corporation.
Clarity regarding redaction authority has also led to conflict. The most current version, passed June 5, 2014, ceded that authority to the FOIA officer. However, that section was removed when published online two weeks later, on June 23, 2014. Since that time, the Law Department has generally processed redactions.
Attorney-client privilege cited without providing basis
In all cases examined, law staff asserted attorney-client privilege in denials and redactions without providing the "detailed factual basis" for the exemption, as mandated by FOIA regulations. Section 9(a) of the Act requires public bodies to respond to requesters with "a detailed factual basis for the application of any exemption claimed."
That factual basis, per the Il. Attorney General's Office, must meet the burden of "demonstrating by clear and convincing evidence" how the responsive records constitute attorney-client communications or work product within the scope of FOIA section 7(1)( m). Merely citing the exemption is not sufficient.
"In meeting its burden, the public body may not simply treat the words 'attorney- client privilege' or 'legal advice' as some talisman, the mere utterance of which magically casts a spell of secrecy over the documents at issue. Rather, the public body can meet its burden only by providing some objective indicia that the exemption is applicable under the circumstances." — PUBLIC ACCESS OPINION 17-006
In other words, Law staff can only redact the privileged portions of responsive records, and only those in which it can substantiate that all of required legal elements are satisfied, including:
Demonstrate existence of attorney-client privilege between all parties to the record The client represented is the municipal corporation. By default is not inclusive of all City staff and officials, but rather limited to City officials or staff who, per the American and Illinois Bar Associations:
"Supervise, direct or regularly consult with the City lawyer concerning the matter in which legal advice sought;"
"Have authority to obligate the organization with respect to the matter;" or
"Whose act or omission in connection with the matter may be imputed to the organization for purposes of civil or criminal liability."
Demonstrate the communication originated as client request for legal advice or services The withheld communication must have been made by a client to an attorney acting in his or her legal capacity for the purpose of securing legal advice or services.
Demonstrate records weren't disclosed to third parties Attorney-client privilege is waived if communications are not kept confidential between the defined client and attorney. This includes disclosures to other City staff and officials who do not meet the above client criteria for the issue(s) involved.
Demonstrate how "work product" is privileged Exempt work-product records must be shown to "reveal the shaping process by which the attorney has arranged the available evidence for use in trial as dictated by his training and experience." Material generated that does not disclose 'conceptual data' may be freely discoverable.
Want to know more about making and tracking FOIA requests? Click here.
How to Make a FOIA Request to the City of Evanston
Illinois policy is that everyone is entitled to full and complete information regarding the affairs of City government, and the policies and actions of public officials and City staff. The City government is required to operate openly and provide records quickly. (5 ILCS 140/1.2)
The City of Evanston has been in recurrent violation of Freedom of Information Act mandates. The noncompliance was disclosed, somewhat ironically, through FOIA itself. In examining almost 1200 online FOIA requests to the City of Evanston, at least half were unlawfully denied—through improper channels and without providing proper disclosures or bases for exemptions. By law,…
A resolution pending for tonight's Council meeting injects new challenges to the City's ability to release public records under the Freedom of Information Act. The amendment, proposed in a memo by Mayor Steve Hagerty, largely shifts FOIA authority from the City Clerk to the City's law and police departments and, to a lesser extent, the…
Your Rights to Open Public Meetings in Evanston
Illinois public policy is that the City government exists to help conduct the people's business, and that the people have a right to be informed of that business. As such, City actions must be considered and taken with very specific, limited exceptions. (5 ILCS 120/1) The City is required to train all staff, appointees and…

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Q: How to arrange templates and static files in Flask in same folder? I have a Flask app with a structure like this:
- static
  - js
      - template1.js
      - template2.js
      - other.js
  - css
      - template1.css
      - template.css
      - other.css

- templates
  - template1.html
  - template2.html

- server.py

I want to rearrange the structure like:
- static
  - js
    - other.js
  - css
    - other.css

- templates
  - template1
    - template1.html
    - template1.js
    - template1.css
  - template2
    - template2.html
    - template2.js
    - template2.css

- server.py

How do I declare I have static files inside template folder? And how to import template1.js and template2.css inside template1.html?
template1.html
# This works
<link rel="stylesheet" href="{{ url_for('static', filename='css/template1.css') }}">
<script src="{{ url_for('static', filename='js/template1.js') }}">

# How to import template1.js from template1 directory ?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Ten "Too Jewish" Questions
Is Israel the Promised Land?
The Role of the Rabbi
Ah, Tolerance
Finnish First, Finnish Last
The Dance Instinct
Two Wise Women
A Glassele Tay Party
What God Hates
It's Not My Job
Beware the Gallon Sized Baggie
I write an advice column for Spirituality & Health magazine, and I'm always on the lookout for questions that I can use as part of the column. Sometimes the questions I receive are too Jewish and don't make it into the column. Here are ten of these "too Jewish" questions and my answers to them.
1. Is YHVH God? No. YHVH is one particular Jewish understanding of God, but God cannot be limited to particulars. For me, God is the Source and Substance of all reality; God is what is. The Hebrew YHVH, a future imperfect form of the Hebrew verb "to be," suggests that God is the is'ing of reality. This comes close to my understanding, so I use the term. But I know that my understanding is still not a full understanding. The Tao that can be named, as Lao Tzu says, is not the Eternal Tao.
2. Are Jews God's Chosen People, and is Israel God's promised land? No. While Judaism holds tight to these claims, I cannot. To me notions such as chosenness, promised lands, saved and damned, true believer and the infidel are nonsensical and dangerous. God, as I understand God, chooses no one and promises nothing. God is what is; nothing more and nothing less.
3. Is Torah God's revelation to the Jews? No. God doesn't reveal or conceal anything. Torah is an amalgamation of stories, laws, teachings, and codes of behavior written by numerous individuals over centuries, and reflecting Bronze and Iron Age views of the world. While cloaked in history, most books of the Bible were written long after the events they claim to relate, and are more apt to speak to the people and the times in which they were written than to us.
4. Should we design our lives around the teachings of Torah and Talmud? Certainly traditionally minded Jews would say so, but I do not. While there are timeless teachings in both Torah and Talmud, and I value these along with other sources of ancient wisdom, most of what I find there is largely irrelevant to my life. On the other hand, if you want to be a traditionally observant Jew you have to accommodate yourself to Jewish tradition as spelled out in Torah and Talmud, as well as other sources of rabbinic law.
5. Are the teachings of the rabbis extensions of Torah? No. The earliest collection of rabbinic teachings, the Mishnah, is totally independent of Torah, and makes no attempt to link itself to Torah. The rabbis claim to embody a new Torah, the Oral Torah, which they say was given to Moses on Sinai and passed down separately from the Written Torah. While the Written Torah was given to the Priests, the Oral Torah was given to the rabbis. Is there any evidence for this? No. The rabbis invented their own Torah to legitimize what is in essence a religious coup in Jewish life.
6. Where does rabbinic authority come from? From the laypeople who choose to follow rabbis in general and specific rabbis in particular. While rabbis claim to be heirs to the Oral Torah given to Moses on Sinai, the fact is they invented this Torah as a means of legitimizing their movement. This is nothing new. This is how all religions operate. Do you imagine the Buddha spoke all the sutras attributed to him? Some were written hundreds of years after his death. People who need authority figures find ones they like and legitimize them. This is why Jews will shift allegiance from rabbi to rabbi and synagogue to synagogue in order to find a rabbi who speaks "truth," that is a rabbi who agrees with them. The same is true of Christians who continually change churches or start new versions of Protestantism. They all claim to be revealing the Truth, when in fact they are only promoting their own opinions.
7. What is the most important element of Jewish life? Shabbat? Kosher? Passover? While all of these are important, the most important to me is Torah. Jews are a people whose identity is rooted in story. Notice I say "story" rather than "history." There is scant evidence that the story of the Jews from Abraham through Joshua is historical. But that doesn't bother me. I am not interested in history, but in story. We are the stories we tell. So if archeologists are correct and the Exodus never happened, it doesn't bother me a bit. The story is what moves me (both positively and negatively); it is the story that matters. So if we were to lose everything but Torah (that is everything but our story and the freedom to continually interpret and add to it which is the Way of Torah) we would still survive.
8. Is the State of Israel central to Jewish life? Yes, but for all the wrong reasons. Israel has become the secular god of the Jews. Jews who have no interest in Jewish texts, teachings, or traditions link their identity as Jews to the Jewish State. This is unfortunate because Israel cannot live up to the spiritual genius of Judaism, and too often falls prey to its worst elements. Judaism is a mythos, a laboratory for meaning-making, Israel is a logos, a program for politics. As scholar Karen Armstrong repeated proves, when logos takes the place of mythos violence almost always erupts. When the state becomes god, it is the devil who rules. This is not to say Israel is irrelevant, only that Jews shouldn't ask Israel to be other than it is: a political entity willing to do whatever is necessary to survive.
9. Since God is just and good, what did the Jews do to deserve the Holocaust? Nothing. The Jews were murdered for being Jews. No one "deserves" a Holocaust? The problem the Holocaust poses for believers in a just God is that this god is revealed to be anything but just. There are at least three responses to this discovery: 1) become an atheist; 2) defend god as God and blame the Jews; and 3) stop imagining a just God. Most Jews I suspect opted for #1, while traditional Judaism continues to focus on God, most Jews are no longer traditional. When they speak of God the word is often empty of anything but nostalgia for old ways of talking. Some Jews opt for #2 and continue the ancient argument that God punishes the Jews because we are not living up to God's standards. I prefer #3, what I call the way of Job, who challenged the idea of a just God and discovered a God beyond good and evil, justice and injustice, who cannot be reduced to these human concepts. This is a minority position to say the least.
10. Who is your favorite rabbi? Me. I am the only rabbi who says exactly what I believe. If you asked me for rabbis other than myself that I admire, I would say the following: Hillel, Jesus, Shabbatai Tzvi, the Baal Shem Tov, Dov Ber, Abraham Joshua Heschel, Mordecai Kaplan, and Reb Zalman Schachter Shalomi.
Posted by Rabbi Rami at 12:47 PM 5 comments:
Is Israel the Promised Land? Yes, but only in the minds of those who say so.
This came up during a talk I gave recently where I said that I believed the whole world is holy, that life is God manifest in space and time, and that the notion of one slice of ground being holy while the rest was just dirt made no sense to me. I wasn't speaking about Israel in particular, just about the idea of holy ground being a sociological phenomenon rather than a theological one.
One Jewish woman in the audience found this very upsetting, and asked why, when millions if not billions of people believe Israel to be the Promised Land and somehow more holy that the rest of the planet, I could so blithely (her word) dismiss the claim?
My response was a bit flippant. I asked her if she believed Mecca was the most holy city in the world, and she said she did not, and that Jerusalem was the most holy city. I then asked her why, since a billion Muslims believe Mecca trumps Jerusalem on the holiness scale, she so blithely (my word) dismissed their claim? Certainly on numbers alone, a billion Muslims versus twelve million Jews, one would have to go with Mecca.
She was not impressed with my math. I should have let the matter go, but there were still other people to offend, so I went on to say that Americans, too, have our marketing pitch that raises the United States above all other nations. We call it American exceptionalism, and it means that the United States is unlike any other nation in history, and that we are blessed by God and incapable of succumbing to the evils that have been the downfall of every empire up to ours. This refusal to accept America as just another nation with all the foibles that nationalism and empire entail allows us to blithely (yes I said "blithely" again) go about our business no matter how much evil we commit and damage we do without ever imaging we are doing evil or damage.
But I don't subscribe to any of these claims. A nation is as good as the people who control it, and the policies they enforce, and the history of our empire doesn't suggest that our political and corporate overlords are any more benign that others.
To her credit, the woman who started me off on this tangent challenged me. If it is all about self-identity, why are so many nonJews obsessed with the Jewish claim that Israel is the Promised Land?
The answer, I suggested, is simple: those who are caught up in this claim are Jews, Christians, and Moslems who believe in a god who privileges some at the expense of others, and who have a stake in the answer. Many Jews focus on the idea because it bolsters their claim to legitimacy in Israel; many Christians focus on it because the return of Jews to Israel proves God's promises can be trusted, that they are being fulfilled in our day, and that this fulfillment heralds the massacre of all but a handful of Jews as prelude to the coming of Christ; and many Muslims focus on it in order to deny it in favor of their own claims just eh way Pepsi denies the claims of Coke. But the average Chinese person in China or Hindu in India probably doesn't think about this at all, and may consider the entire contest insane.
Why do people need to be special, or to belong to the elite? Why can't we simply admit that we are "all Bozos on this bus," and do the best we can to see that we travel together with a modicum of respect and compassion for one another? Why do we have to be chosen or blessed or privileged by one god or another? Why do we have to argue over whom this god loves best? This, to me, is the real question we should be asking. And when we can answer it we might be able to put an end to our ranking and rancor, and move toward peace.
What is the rabbi's role in modern America?
This was the big question Moment Magazine put to a panel of rabbis in its January/February issue. I love questions like this, and was genuinely excited to read the responses of my colleagues. That is, until I actually read them.
I was hoping to read something new, something bold, daring, and radical; something that spoke to the 21st century rather than the 19th; something that made me want to be Jewish or to learn what Judaism has to offer. What I found from most of them was the same old clichés about God, Torah and Israel.
Maybe these old notions are just fine. But I doubt it. Few Jews attend synagogue regularly, and fewer still study Torah or engage in Jewish contemplative practices. Rabbis still seem to be curators of a museum fewer and fewer Jews bother visiting; still willing to train up kids in a religion few will rarely grow into and most will grow out of.
Of course I'm jealous of the collegues that were asked, and hurt that I was not among them. But that is why I write this blog: to right the wrongs done to me by those who don't even know I exist. If I had been asked to answer this question, I would have said the following:
• The role of the rabbi is to be a shaman—to offer people the tools for ecstasy, self-transcendence, and God-encounter, and a safe community in which to use them. (When I use the word "God" I mean the nondual source and substance of all Reality.)
• The role of the rabbi is to be a storyteller—to offer people a grand narrative that weaves together the best of Torah and contemporary science, a story that liberates people from the false gods and their corporate sponsors/creators that posit a zero–sum worldview, and pits people against one another and against the planet as a whole.
• The role of the rabbi is to be a prophet—to offer people a way to resist the idolatry of American life by adapting a counter-cultural Judaism rooted in ancient Hebrew iconoclasm—a god that cannot be named or imaged or marketed—and Hillel's understanding of Judaism as compassion for others.
• The role of the rabbis is to be spiritual friend—to offer people a partner with whom to walk and share their quest for meaning and purpose without imagining that they (the rabbis) have found the answer.
• The role of the rabbi is to be an educator—to offer people both a Judaism of compassion and justice that celebrates tribe without devolving into tribalism, and a distinctly rabbinic pedagogy rooted in argument, doubt, and finely tuned questioning.
• The role of the rabbi is to be a liberator—to offer people a means of escape from the self-serving fetishes of contemporary Jewish life: Chosenness, Holocaust, and Israel, and toward a fresh understanding of tradition and mitzvot that is creative, liberating, and intrinsically compelling.
In short, the role of the rabbi is to be a spiritual revolutionary imagining the future, and not, as all too often is the case, corporate apologists for the past.
Last night I rented and watched the Coen Brother's new movie, A Serious Man. While I have heard that some Jews found it offensive, I did not. I grew up in a similar environment, and knew all the characters first hand.
The movie is a parable of a parable, the original being Job, the story of a decent man plagued by God over a bet God has made with Satan. God wants to see if Job will abandon his faith if life turns against him. In the movie the Bet is whether or not physics professor Larry Gopnik (the movie's Job) will accept a bribe and give a failing student a passing grade. The devil is Sy Ableman, who does all he can to destroy Larry's family and career. It is interesting that the label "Serious Man" is bestowed by Rabbi Nachtner (your typical middle aged, middle-minded, mainstream pseudo-sage) on Sy rather than Larry. Mainstream clergy always mistake the devil for the able-man?
The deeper question asked by both Job and Larry is this: What is the nature of God? Neither book nor movie gives us a definitive answer. That isn't their concern. Their concern is to strip away any ideas you may have about God, and see what happens next. In the film this is made clear by the recurring "Greek Corus" provided by Grace Slick and Jefferson Airplane and repeated by the reclusive sage, Rabbi Marshak: "When the truth is found to be lies; and all the joy within you dies…What then"
Rabbi Marshak and Grace Slick offer two different but complementary answers. For the Dark Sage (nacht means "night" in Yiddish and German), the answer (given to recent Bar Mitzvah Danny Gopnik) is "be a good boy." Be a mentsch. This is the only mitzvah (obligation) Danny has to adhere to (bar). There is no truth, no lasting joy, there is just the madness of life. And how best to deal with it? Be a mentsch, be a decent human being.
Grace and Jefferson Airplane offer a slightly different answer: "When the truth is found to be lies; and all the joy within you dies… Don't you want somebody to love, don't need somebody love, wouldn't you love somebody to love? You better find somebody to love."
Decency and love, that is all there is. Will these somehow make life better? As the tornado of God moves closer to destroying the lives of our characters the answer is clearly "no." There is no escaping the wildness of God and the amorality of creation.
Job (along with Ecclesiastes) is my favorite book of the Bible. Together, the authors of Job and Ecclesiastes strip away everything we think we know about God and life, leaving us no place to hide. Facing the awesome reality that is God evokes in me a sense of reverence, awe, fear, and respect (though not worship; God needs no worship).
Religion, mainstream or new age, is all about hiding from the truth behind self-serving lies. If we do what pleases God, God will do what pleases us. Nonsense say Job, Ecclesiastes, and the brothers Coen. God is beyond anything we can imagine, and a true encounter with God leaves us naked and raw.
The question is what do you do after this encounter? Do you fold? Do you give into nihilism or narcissism? Do you become even more fundamentalist and militant? Or do you redouble your efforts at being a mentsch and finding someone to love?
A Serious Man opens with a quotes attributed to the 11th Century Rabbi, Rashi: "Receive with simplicity everything that happens to you." With this it sets us up for the answer. Accepting with simplicity means accepting reality without hiding behind theories of reality. It means being open to the glory and madness of life without clinging to one or the other. It means being a mentsch and finding love. That is all there is. It is quite enough.
Ah, yes, tolerance. According to the OED (Oxford English Dictionary) tolerance is "the ability to accept things one does not like or disagrees with." According to the Simon Wiesenthal Center tolerance means that Palestinians should simply accept the desecration of a Muslim cemetery in Jerusalem and allow the Center to build a branch of their—wait for it—Museum of Tolerance over the centuries-old graveyard.
The cemetery is Ma'man Allah, a graveyard for Palestinian dead for hundreds of years, fell into disrepair in 1948 when hundreds of thousands of Palestinians fled during the Israeli War of Independence. The museum, called the Center for Human Dignity-Museum of Tolerance Jerusalem, was given the land by the City of Jerusalem in 2002.
The irony of this is palpable. A museum called the Center for Human Dignity built over a desecrated graveyard? Can it be that our fetishistic passion for the Shoah/Holocaust has so corrupted our sense of morality that we can build such a thing without shame? Can it be that as we fight to preserve the dignity of Jewish graves, we can trample on the dignity of Palestinian graves? Is there anything left of the Jewish soul, or have we sold it to the devil of jingoism and tribalism?
Imagine a Muslim peace group trying to build a center for peace over a Jewish graveyard. Even if they promised to move the bodies and rebury them (something the Center for Human Dignity plans to do), the Jewish world would be up in arms. But when we do it to Muslims we expect them to simply tolerate it.
Not everyone is silent, however. Rabbi David Schmidl of Atra Kadisha, an organization devoted to the defense of Jewish graves, has spoken out against the project, as have several other Jewish activists both secular and religious. But the Israeli courts have sided with the Center, and, to the best of my knowledge, the Jewish world is largely silent on this issue.
I do not dispute that Ma'man Allah is in Israel. I do not dispute Israel's right to exist. Indeed it may even be legal for the city of Jerusalem to give graveyards of any religious group over to contractors to build whatever they please. I do not know Israeli law, and I do not pretend to dispute it. All I am saying is that any Jew worth the name should be appalled at Jewish desecration of another people's cemetery. And that is what really frightens me. We are no longer Jews.
I grew up believing that Jews were called to serve justice and compassion; that our God was the power that liberates humanity from slavery, injustice, cruelty, and war; that any interpretation of Torah that did not promote justice and compassion was a false interpretation; and that the State of Israel was to be the place where the highest Jewish ideals could be forged into living principles.
This was the Judaism that spoke to me, that called me to the rabbinate; that sustained me and nourished me, and made me proud to be a Jew. Is this Judaism dead? Has it been sacrificed to the false god of tribalism? Have we Jews reverted to a vicious tribalism that excuses immorality in the name of god and the state this god supposedly sanctions?
I know that some of you will come to the defense of the Simon Wiesenthal Center; and some will talk about Muslim desecration of Jewish cemeteries as if that made Jewish desecration of Muslim cemeteries OK. I understand this. It just saddens me that we allow ourselves to be defined by the lowest moral denominator when we used to be the people of the highest. If you cannot feel shame; at least feel the irony. As for me, I feel both.
A Finnish atheist took Italy to court and won. Complaining that the Italian practice of hanging crucifixes in Italian classrooms violated her right to raise her child as an atheist, she convinced the European Court of Human Rights to order Italy to remove all crucifixes from government classrooms so as to not offend non-Catholics.
This is outrageous. Why is this woman incapable of raising her child as an atheist just because the majority culture believes otherwise? Unless there is a law making atheism illegal, she is free to teach her kid whatever she pleases. And why should non-Catholics be offended by Catholic symbols in a country that is overwhelmingly Catholic?
But wait! What about America? We are overwhelmingly Christian. Should we not allow Christian symbols in our schools? First, we do. Second, we have the First Amendment, so we shouldn't. But we do. Am I offended as a Jew? No. I am not offended by another's faith. Am I worried as an American? Yes. Our government is to be religiously neutral. But I'm not going to go to war over a Christmas pageant in December. When the government links loyalty to a certain brand of Christian faith to success in government and to promotion in the Air Force, then I worry. We do that too. Time to fight. That is why I am on the board of the Interfaith Alliance of Tennessee, the state branch of a national organization that works tirelessly to make sure the US honors and abides by the First Amendment.
When we go ballistic over every imagined slight to our beliefs, we make it all the more hard to muster outrage at and resistance to real threats to our religious liberties.
I am tired of people being offended. It offends me! Get over it. We live in the real world. If you don't want your kid exposed to Italian society don't move to Italy! If you don't want your Jewish kid exposed to Christmas send them to yeshivah or home school them the way thousands of people do who are offended by science. But this is nonsense.
It is like dousing antibacterial spray over everything all the time. It actually weakens our capacity to deal with bacteria. Protecting our children from other people's ideas only weakens their capacity to deal with other people's ideas. In the end we will all fall victim to the some guy who just refuses to be silenced, and who has no compunction about silencing others. This degree of political correctness is political suicide.
Nicholas Wade's The Faith Instinct is well worth the read. Wade's blend of biology and anthropology provides us with a solid understanding of the origin of religion and its impact on human society. When I read such books I am interested both in the past and future; I want to know not only where religion came from, but also where it might be going. Unfortunately, like most such books, Dr. Wade is strong on the former and weak on the latter. Nevertheless, he does provide us with ideas worth speculating about.
Religion arose 50,000 years ago among humans living in hunter-gatherer societies. Religion was the means by which people bonded together in cohesive communities, and the means for doing so were emotionally compelling blends of music, chant, and dance that lead some participants to fall into trance states where they believed they were communing with ancestors and gods. These communities were nonhierarchical and noncreedal. People weren't seeking new insights, but fresh experiences of solidarity and, for some, transcendence.
This was human religion for about 35,000 years. With the shift from hunter-gatherer to settled agricultural society things changes. Owning land was now essential to wealth and power, and religion began to speak to the need for expanding control over other peoples and their property. Religion grew politically and became central to a communities power structure. A priestly cast arose and religion was no longer open to everyone. Kings chosen by the gods or who were gods themselves demanded the loyalty of the people that had hitherto been given to the group as a whole. Rites were now tied to harvests and planting seasons.
With the rise of city states and early capitalism religion again shifted from temple sacrifices to creeds drawn from books controlled by a scholar class that determined what could be read and how what is read could be understood.
Resting religion on books becomes more and more difficult as people are encouraged to read and think for themselves. And postmodern deconstruction of the narratives that supply religion with their raison d'être may herald another shift in religion.
This is where The Faith Instinct ends. Though Dr. Wade offers us a closing chapter entitled "The Future of Religion," he doesn't offer much of practical value. Wade suggests that since music was/is such an integral part of prehistoric religion, we should look at our religions as we might a night at the opera, attending for the sheer joy of the music and pageantry.
This doesn't work for me. If religion is nothing more than voyeurism, it is no longer compelling. I suggest we go back to Wade's excavation of hunter-gatherer religions and draw upon the deepest spiritual impulses of humanity, creating new religious experiences around song and dance.
Notice I said new religious experiences and not new religions. While we humans continue to do the latter, it may be the former for which we truly hunger. Regardless of the religious label, imagine taking your place in the sacred circle and being invited into an hour or two of music, repetitive chant and rhythmic dance. This would give way to silent sitting for 30 minutes or so, followed by sharing tea and conversation.
No creed, no holy books, no special peoples, or promised lands, no professional clergy, no hierarchy of power, just a community created by shared song and dance supporting one another in surrendering to the magic of the medium.
Such a gathering would be a risk. You would never know what would happen. Trust would have to be absolute, as the community supports one another through whatever experience a person was having. The bond that would grow among the members of such a community would be powerful, and easily adapted to more practical concerns of seeing to one another's welfare.
I have tasted something like this in Hindu and Kabbalistic kirtan, and Sufi zhikr. I have seen something like this in Christian Taize services and in the pre-dawn chanting of Psalms by Benedictine monks. I have participated in something like this in late-night Hebrew chanting in Hasidic communities in Jerusalem. But could we create a nondenominational community built on music, chant, and dance? Would you want to?
As my colleagues and I prepared for a few hours of interspiritual teaching and dialogue at Temple Emmanuel in Miami Beach this past Sunday, an elderly Jewish woman came up to speak to me personally.
She told me her name and identified herself as a survivor of eight Nazi concentration camps. In a well-rehearsed and brief presentation she told me how her mother chose to accompany her two baby sisters into the gas chambers rather than stay with her, the oldest of three daughters. She elaborated a bit more and then asked if she could be allowed to address the gathering.
This was a decision I was not empowered to make, and I suggested she talk to our host, Dr. Nathan Katz of Florida International University. I admit to being a bit worried about letting this woman and her painfully compelling story speak for fear she would shift our conversation from Interspirituality to the Holocaust.
Wiser hearts prevailed and she was given an opportunity to speak. She did so for only three minutes. In that time she laid out the horrors she had encountered and the only way she could survive—love. She said that as the Nazis broke her heart, all they released was love. She found in her terror a capacity to understand the terrors of others. It was the most eloquent affirmation of the power of the human spirit to triumph over tragedy I had ever heard.
Another woman survivor added her story as well, summarizing what she had learned about life from her grandmother, also murdered by the Nazis: "You are not defined by what you endure," her grandmother told her, "but by what you give."
With the high quality of the presenters from five of the world's religions, there was a lot of wisdom shared that Sunday, but none so simple, true, and transformative as that of these two women who had endured an unimaginable hell only to manifest what it is to live God's kingdom here on earth.
This weekend the National Tea Party Convention is being held in Nashville, TN, just 25 miles from my home. I want to attend, but the $500+ admission fee is too steep. After giving most of our money to bail our Wall Street and Motown, I have no idea where these Tea Party folks are getting the cash to convene. So I can't attend, but I want to be part of it anyway.
Let me admit up front that I am anti-tax, anti-health care, anti-war, and anti-government. Seriously, I don't think we should pay any taxes at all. Everything should be on a pay-as-you-go policy. If you want education for your kids and are too lazy to teach them yourself at home, then hire people to do it. You don't need a huge bureaucracy. Hire someone to teach your kids English, math, science, history, civics, and home economics (not just cooking, but really managing a home and a home-based entrepreneurial business). If you want to feel safe, hire body guards. Police are only good after a crime has been committed, but private security can shoot a mugger mid-mug. If you want healthcare hire a doctor. If you can't afford healthcare then at least realize you are doing your species a service by dying young and ending a line of looser genes. Of course if would be best if people making less than $250,000 a year didn't reproduce as well. While I am anti-government, if we are going to subsidize farmers to not grow crops, why not subsidize people making less than 250K a year to not reproduce?
I could go on, but you get the idea: the Tea Party is for me. But there is a problem: I'm Jewish. I'm not saying the Tea Party is anti-Semitic, but from what I can see the only use they have for Jews is either to blame living Jews for the financial meltdown or exploit dead Jews by linking healthcare to the Holocaust. So, sad to say, the Tea Party movement is more for poor white people and the rich white people who manipulate them, than it is for Jews. So what to do?
Growing up in Longmeadow, MA, we had a local country club that excluded Jews and African Americans. I don't know what the latter did, but we Jews built a cooler club for ourselves; a place where we could exclude African Americans too, and thereby feel as American as those in the white club. Following this tradition, I plan to start my own Jewish Tea Party. No, I won't exclude anyone, but I will focus on Jewish themes and concerns.
My movement is called the Glassele Tay Party (Yiddish for Glass of Tea; we Eastern European Jews drink tea out of glasses rather than mugs for some reason). Our platform is simple: If the government is for it, we are against it. This is even true if the government is for what we are for, and therefore is against itself. The Glassele Tay Party is flexible enough to be against what we used to be for if and when the government switches its position and is suddenly for what we used to be for. This will assure us perpetual rebel status, making us the darlings of MSNBC and Fox News depending upon which party is in power.
Our logo is a glass of tea with the tea bag in the glass and the string of the tea bag hanging out of the glass and the little paper on the end of the string bearing a Star of David and the words Glassele Tay Party in faux-Hebrew English letters.
Here are some of our slogans:
"There are lions in Africa, and Africans in Lyon."
"End Socialized Medicine: Get Your Parents Off of Medicare."
"End Socialism: Burn Your Social Security Card."
"Take the US out the UN, and the UN out of Unafraid."
"Drill Baby Drill—Eat Sugar and Support Your Local Dentist."
"They THINK We're Stupid. We KNOW We Are."
"Fresh Underwear—Change We Can Understand."
"Don't Throw Barney Frank Under the Bus; End Public Transportation."
"I will not grab my ankles. In fact I haven't seen anything beneath my belly in years."
"Say No to Pork. Say Yes to Brisket."
"Moses, Jesus, Paul, Groucho, Lenny, and Jon—the most trusted names in Jews."
Of course it takes money to get something like this off the ground, and you can consider this blog post a fund raising letter. If everyone who reads this blog would send me $10, I could get this party rolling. If everyone sent me $100 I could start the party, fold the party, and retire, but let's not think too big.
And if you can't send money, maybe you know someone who could at least design the logo and send it to me as a jpeg. And maybe they know somebody who can send me money. It doesn't hurt to ask.
Religion is never boring. At least not in the United States. Case in point: Evangelist John McGlone visited our campus yesterday to preach the true word of God: Hate. Standing across from the Student Union in an area cordoned off with police tape, Pastor John screeched at students to mend their ways.
Students in my American Spirituality class urged me to cancel class so we could go watch the spectacle. I compromised, sticking to my class schedule for the first hour and then going outside for the last 20 minutes. But it wasn't playtime. Students were to observe and then prepare an answer to this question: Short of ignoring them all together, what is the most effective response to preachers like this? True, ignoring them may be the best response, but that's no fun..
The first thing I noticed as I wandered around the crowd was John's sign: "Warning! God hates greedy thieves, liars, drunks, fornicators, immoral women, homosexuals… " You get the idea. I pushed my way to the front of the crowd to ask John about the sign. He was too busy yelling at some young fornicator, but I did talk to one of his assistants.
"What I want to know is why you put the qualifier 'greedy' in the sign. Are you saying God only hates greedy thieves and not all thieves? Is a greedy immoral woman a prostitute who over-charges? God's problem is with keeping the cost of prostitution down rather than ending prostitution?" The man didn't understand. He had no clue what a qualifying adjective was.
So one suggestion for John's next visit is to recreate his sign emphasizing the word "greedy" and celebrating nongreedy homosexuals, thieves, prostitutes, and fornicators.
I noticed another student with a drum and urged him to strike up an African rhythm and I would try to get people to do a circle dance around Pastor John. But one drum was too soft, and I was too embarrassed to ask any co-ed to dance. Just like my student days. Next time I would suggest we bring lots of drums and dance ourselves into a near-immoral frenzy.
Several pastors from local churches were on hand trying to offer a less hateful view of Jesus by handing out lollipops. What, Jesus loves cavities? These people were so passive as to be totally ineffectual, but I liked the food idea. Man cannot live on hate alone.
What I would do is set up food stand with a huge signs that read, "God Hates Shrimp," and "God Hates Pork," referencing Leviticus and God's dietary laws. The stands would give away little squares of Gefilte fish skewered on toothpicks, or maybe little Hebrew National kosher hotdogs wrapped in tiny buns.
Speaking of signs, I would also print up signs referring to other things that God hates: Amalek, Hittites, witches, rebellious sons, and the like. I would fill the quad with signs of God's hate. True some people will prefer to focus on love, but that is so wimpy. Pastor John is on the right track. God hates as much if not more than God loves. To be fair I might add a few signs from the Book of Revelation and the Koran to my Hebrew Bible inspired hate speech.
And then, I would invite students and faculty to a discussion latter that afternoon focusing on the dangers of blindly quoting scripture, any scripture, and the need to uphold universal principles of compassion and justice that much of our sacred books decry.
I look forward to Tuesday when my students are going to share they ideas. If they actually do so, I'll share them with you. But don't hold your breath. I have been doing this job long enough to know that the chances are slim that listened closely enough or thought creatively enough. When it comes to defeating people like John McGlone, place your hope in apathy.
It's not my job. Saving the world, I mean. It just isn't my job. My job is to write books and share ideas. That's what I do. It is quite enough for me, taking up most of my time and leaving me with a quiet sense of satisfaction. But for so many who come to hear me share my ideas found in the books I write, it just isn't enough.
Case in point: At the close of a program on Interspirituality in Miami Beach, Florida, one passionate gentleman demanded to know why we (my fellow religion teachers and myself) don't lead the peoples of the world in a global effort to feed the hungry, clothe the naked, free the wrongly imprisoned, and become the next judges on American Idol. He may not have said this last one, but that's what I remember hearing anyway.
My colleagues were wise enough to smile, nod reassuringly, and look for a question more on topic. I, being less wise and not a little annoyed, took up the man's challenge and gently and compassionately rammed my foot up his ass. Metaphorically speaking, of course.
"The very idea that six religion teachers can save the planet is symptomatic of why the planet needs saving. Sitting here and asking us to do what you should be doing is simply a way for you to self-righteously do nothing. You claim that there isn't enough to food to feed the hungry? Nonsense. There's enough food, but when we send it to countries that need it (countries other than our own where 14 million go hungry every day), we tend to filter it through warlords and racketeers who seem to be our friends but who actually use us to oppress their own people only adding to the hatred of us by those very people we want to help.
"If you want to fix the world why not start by ceasing to participate in the American Corporate War Machine and its quest for Empire? Why not stop voting for politicians who are in the pocket of Wall Street even as they bemoan the fate of Main Street? And even if you did stop the war machine and save the hundreds of billions we spend on war each year, do you really think we would spend it to help people? We didn't help them before the war on terror and we won't help them after the war on terror. Why? Because we don't give a shit. Not all of us, but those of us that count; those of us who make policy, and those of us who vote for them. So don't excuse your own complicity in the horror that is humanity by waiting for the six of us to save the world. Save it yourself, starting with yourself."
A smattering of applause followed my outburst, and the man never spoke up again. At least this is my fantasy—that I silenced another pious blowhard who thinks the system that thrives on oppression could possibly bring an end to oppression. I love my job. I just wish people would let me do it.
I should be home asleep in my bed. Instead I am sitting in the Dallas Airport waiting for a flight to Nashville. I had been in Florida to do a little teaching and to visit my parents. My dad turned 84 on February 1st, and my mom passed out two days earlier, fell, and broke three ribs.
I left my parent's home, maneuvered my way down the parking lot that passes for a highway in South Florida, and flew west to Dallas to catch a plane that would fly me back east to Nashville. Gotta love the hub idea. My plane was delayed almost forty minutes. The cause of the delay was due to American Airlines' policy of charging people $30 each way for checked baggage, thus incentivizing me and my fellow travelers to cram as much luggage into the overhead compartments as possible. This meant that storage space disappeared after the first 20 people got on board, leaving the next 100 passengers to wander up and down the aisle in a vain search for a place to park their bags for free. By the time we left Miami, arriving in Dallas in time to catch my connecting flight was a slim possibility.
Slim isn't the same as none, however, and having received Gate Number and instructions on how to minimize the time racing to the gate, I ran off to catch my next flight. I got to Gate 22 in search of Gate 23, only to find there is no Gate 23. At Gate 27 a friendly American Airlines agent saw me coming (I was literally the only person in the terminal) and thought about holding the plane to Nashville for the two minutes it would take me to get from Gate 22 to Gate 27. Unfortunately for me I was looking for Gate 23. I turned back to Gate 22 to ask for help, and my friendly agent decided I have decided not to fly to Nashville after all. She closed the door and my flight departed without me.
Feeling sorry (guilty?) my friendly agent booked me into a hotel. I arrived at the hotel around 11PM and left again six hours later. Few Texans travel that early in the morning and I should have passed through security without having to wait in line. I was the line. And the line stalled.
As it turns out the people who booked my flight had used my Hebrew name, "Rami," rather than my Christian Name, "Richard." This didn't upset the TSA as long as I was flying from Nashville to Miami, and from Miami to Dallas, but as soon as I had to fly from Dallas to Nashville some security threshold must have been crossed. "Richard" is a potential lionhearted king, "Rami" is a potential security risk, so the good people of TSA wouldn't let me pass.
After speaking with a supervisor, however, and assessing the risk, I was allowed to go through bag check. Well, not through bag check exactly. It seems that while all my toiletries fell well within the "impossible to be used to bring down an aircraft" size, the clear plastic bag I used to haul them in was not. I had used a gallon-sized Ziplock bag, and that is enough to make me a card-carrying ("Rami" not "Richard") member of Al Qaeda. I had to be quizzed and my bag unpacked and rescreened simply because of the size of my plastic bag.
I have yet to board the plane, and cannot predict what other adventures await me as I try to return to Music City. But I can be fairly certain that as long as airline agents are friendly, and TSA agents are focused on the size of our plastic baggies, we Americans have nothing to fear from terrorists. In fact the only things that scare me when I fly are friendly airline agents and baggie-obsessed TSA agents.


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Jie Song, a second-year graduate student working on a master's degree in statistics at Rice University, has plotted a career based on long-deferred gratification.
"My first love is film. I want to make movies, and I have already made many of them. But I need money to finance the kind of movies I want to make. Statistics is part of my plan," said Song, who at age 27 has already accumulated much experience in film, academia and the financial industry.
Starting at age 14, he taught himself to use video-editing software, and proceeded to learn writing and directing on the job. Between 2002 and 2012, Song wrote and directed six short films and four plays for the stage, all in Mandarin, most in the genre he calls "serious drama," but also comedies and documentaries. Song's parents were skeptical. They were part of the first generation after Mao's Cultural Revolution to attend university. Could their son earn a respectable living making movies?
"I understand their concern. I am their only child. They worry about me," said Song, who in 2012 earned B.S. degrees in mathematics, and in finance and technology management, from Indiana University. Even before that he was building a rich résumé in finance and academia.
In 2010, Song went to work as a commercial loans intern with the China Construction Bank in Hangzhou, his native city. Two years later he was a research assistant for a professor of business administration at the University of Southern California.
For two additional years he worked as a research assistant for a professor in the College of Economics and Management at Zhejiang Sci-tech University in Hangzhou. At the same time he was working as a trading analyst with the Zhejiang Yong'an Futures Co. His next job was as a data analyst for the Hangzhou Yunbang Data Co.
"There were two parts to that job. I made strategic solutions to credit risk assessment for the Hangzhou United Bank, and I also implemented the Salford system for data solutions and coached bank personnel with the way to use the system," Song said.
Song's academic adviser at Rice is John Dobelman, professor in the practice of statistics. With him he has worked on pairs trading strategy, machine learning in portfolio construction and a platform entrepreneurs can use to make connections. Song's goal after getting his master's degree is to secure a job in the financial industry, preferably in the Bay Area, and eventually organize his own startup company based on the algorithm he has devised for a trading platform.
"I want to work while working on my own project, and save money. Then I can get on to my own project, which is making films," Song said.


text:
Top Issues That Could Impact Businesses During a Biden Presidency
Update 12/22/20: The Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, which includes funding for another round of Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans among other stimulus measures, was approved by Congress. The Act now goes to the president for his signature. We continue to actively update our existing PPP resources on this site as additional guidance is released.
Update 12/21/20: With a $900 billion financial aid bill expected to be voted on by Congress that includes new Paycheck Protection Program funding, U.S. small businesses such as restaurants and live venues hurt during the COVID-19 pandemic are one step closer to gaining access to relief. If the bill passes, the next step would be a presidential signature.
However, with a slimmer majority for Democrats in the House of Representatives and an as-yet-undecided majority in the Senate (per this publication date) — Georgia holds run-offs for two Senate races on January 5, 2021 that could create a 50-50 split or a razor-thin Republican majority of 51-49 or 52-48 — President-elect Joe Biden will be faced with deciding how much of his campaign platform can actually be turned into legislation.
With so much focus on the differences in the two parties, the next four years could be impacted by the moderates in each party and any areas where bipartisanship already exists. A Biden presidency also might prioritize executive orders, which are rule-based changes that don't require Congressional action. Any such action would likely roll back much of the Trump administration's executive orders, but it's important to note that the process of moving from proposal to comment period to finalization could take up to a year or longer depending on the order and regulatory body in would impact.
SurePayroll is tracking these developments to provide analysis that could help businesses respond when necessary.
Passing the 2021 budget
Although this has nothing to do directly with President-elect Biden, the current legislators have until December 11 to pass the 12 annual discretionary spending bills that fund the government or they have to pass a Continuing Resolution (CR) to avoid a government shutdown. This indirectly impacts the incoming president and Congress because funds need to be available to spend. Additionally, in the case of another CR, there is a potential that one of the first orders of business for a new Congress would be to finalize spending bills, taking away much of the oxygen in the room for other legislative priorities. This includes negotiations on the next potential stimulus package to address the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.
What Kind of Stimulus Package Would Congress Propose and Biden Approve?
More than 155 million people voted in the presidential election — a federal stimulus package could impact everyone, whether directly or indirectly. The president-elect and most of the current members of Congress recognize the need for an additional round of stimulus to aid with economic recovery, but they differ in what that should look like.
"The big question is do they get it done before Christmas or will it get punted to January or February," said Thad Inge, Senior Manager of Government Relations with Paychex, during a Paychex Business Series Podcast. "Apparently, Biden supports (getting it done earlier) …. It's still probably a significant challenge to get it over the finish line.
"Paychex thinks it's needed. We think small businesses will benefit."
Biden favors long-term economic recovery with assistance for individuals and businesses, but the concern is the deficits that will be created by the COVID-19 pandemic. Biden supports another stimulus package that would provide another $1,200 to each eligible American and other benefits, but the Senate leadership is less supportive of this direct aid to individuals and favors a much smaller relief package.
What's at the center of the debate, beyond the price tag and focus of the relief, is the U.S. economy and the wide-reaching availability of a COVID-19 vaccine. Conservatives look at the current economic recovery and indicate a smaller relief package will do until a vaccine is available to everyone. Opponents of that approach say that six months or more could pass before a vaccine is widely available, doing damage to the health of individuals and the economy should spikes continue to occur across the country that force more shutdowns.
There have been talks among current Congressional leaders of potentially including some stimulus provisions in the budget bill to keep the government funded past December 11, including individual stimulus checks and unemployment assistance. Such a bill would need to be approved by both chambers in Congress and signed by President Trump.
What can President-elect Biden do? Nothing officially until he is inaugurated on January 20. After that, he still would need bipartisan support in both houses of Congress to pass any portion of the platform he campaigned on.
Perhaps the best stimulus is focusing on how to help small businesses, which make up 99.9% of all U.S. businesses in 2020 according to the latest labor statistics1. There are approximately 31.7 million small businesses, and companies with fewer than 20 employees added 1.1 million new jobs in 2019.
President-elect Biden supports the continuation of programs such as the Main Street Lending Program to help small businesses, which during the COVID-19 pandemic have benefited from funding available through the program.
Additionally, he has proposed tax credits to help achieve his goal to offer relief for millions of business owners and individuals in America. A new stimulus, even if prior to inauguration, could have an impact, and the president-elect has said that he is not in favor of making Americans wait until late January for help. Within the next stimulus there has been talks of:
Enhancing the employee retention tax credit. This is a refundable tax creditagainst certain employment taxes that is equal to 50 percent of the qualified wages an eligible employer pays employees after March 12, 2020, and before January 1, 2021.
Expansion of another more targeted round of forgivable loans under the Paycheck Protection Program.
Allowing deductions for expenses paid with forgiven proceeds from a Paycheck Protection Program loan.
Expanding the Work Opportunity Tax Credit (WOTC) to a new category of hires who received unemployment.
What is President-elect Biden's Platform on Taxes?
The Biden platform on taxes primarily focuses on raising taxes on corporations and the wealthy. However, with no majority in the Senate or at best a tie that would have to be broken by Vice President-elect Kamala Harris, the chances of a robust policy that includes a tax hike are slim.
If both parties are willing to compromise, there is opportunity for each to gain something of what they want — for Republicans, it could be extensions to provisions of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act that are nearing sunset, while Democrats might eye alternative energy enhancement tax cuts that Biden favors.
One other area where bipartisanship could carry the day is retirement, and President-elect Biden has proposed providing a new tax credit for small businesses that offer a retirement savings plan to employees. The proposed new credit would offset 100 percent, instead of 50%, of certain costs involved with implementing a new employer-sponsored retirement plan. Nearly a dozen states have enacted laws to mandate private employers to participate in the state-run savings program if the employer fails to offer an employer-sponsored retirement plan. The new tax credit would give employers more options to consider when complying with their state's mandate.
What is President-elect Biden's Approach to Health Care?
President-elect Biden has made strengthening the Affordable Care Act (ACA) the cornerstone of his proposed healthcare platform. The ACA is still in effect, but the U.S. Supreme Court heard oral arguments in California v. Texas, reviewing a lower court ruling that the individual mandate provision is unconstitutional and seeking to invalidate the entire ACA. A decision is expected in the spring and may have an impact on the ACA.
Biden recently announced that he wants to bring back the penalty for not being covered under health insurance. However, given the make-up of Congress, unless the Democrats win both seats in Georgia the potential to reinstitute the mandate is slim.
On other items related to health care, he may use executive orders to undo many rule changes that were done during the Trump administration, revising the rules to closer match what existed under an Obama administration. These rule changes can be accomplished by regulation and do not need Congressional involvement.
Changes to rules are likely to include association health plans, Section 1332 state innovation waivers and short-term limited duration insurance.
He has also proposed a public option and allowing undocumented immigrants to buy in. Again, the public option is more controversial and does not garner bipartisan support. It is unlikely, regardless of the results from the upcoming January run-offs for two Senate seats in Georgia and with the new make-up of Congress, that any federal-based changes for a public option will occur.
However, the ability for states to experiment with more local public options may be easier under a Biden administration if the rules under 1332 are changed back to rules similar to the Obama administration rules. Washington was the first state to move in this direction, but with the potential repurposing of federal funds to support a program, more states may consider this possibility.
"There are some executive orders that Biden will try to pull back on," Inge said. "But the bigger things he might have a more difficult time with (depending on the majority in the Senate). There has to be some caution around reversing regulations because Biden doesn't want to make a move that could remove people from their health care. So, we might not see legislative action on health care or even taxes for two years."
How Will the Biden Administration Impact Federal Employment Laws and Regulations?
President-elect Biden has voiced his support for raising the federal minimum wage to $15 per hour. It is unlikely that he would gain any traction with a divided Congress to move on this. However, eight states have already enacted legislation that will raise their state minimum wage rate to $15 per hour in the future.
Notably, Florida voters supported an increase in their state minimum wage rate to $15 per hour over the next several years, which could signal momentum to raise the minimum wage in additional states and perhaps even the federal minimum wage.
Based upon the attention being garnered, including a lawsuit filed by three civil rights groups, it has been speculated that one of the first employment law changes might come in the harassment and diversity training area. The Trump administration issued an executive order prohibiting the offering of certain diversity training deemed anti-American by the president. This applies to federal agencies, contractors and grant recipients.
President-elect Biden also favors returning the salary threshold for overtime eligibility to the Obama-era proposal of more than $47,000, rolling back President Trump's threshold of just more than $35,000. With the new rule recently set, Inge said he couldn't see the overtime rule being a "top priority" for Biden right out of the gate.
When it comes to paid leave, Biden has proposed that businesses be required to permanently provide up to seven days of paid sick and family leave. He also has supported the FAMILY Act, which would provide 12 weeks of paid leave, including a possible path for independent contractors. With federal and state measures enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic, including the Families First Coronavirus Response Act, paid leave continues to remain a hot topic.
Other notable topics a Biden presidency might face
Retirement is a largely bipartisan issue and it will drive policy changes. President-elect Biden has indicated he supports aggressive measures such as federal automatic 401(k).
Cannabis is being thought of as a stimulant for suffering state economies, with some states passing provisions in the 2020 elections to legalize recreational marijuana (Arizona, New Jersey and Montana), while South Dakota voters approved ballot initiatives to legalize recreational and medical marijuana. Mississippi voters approved medical marijuana.
Although Biden has not supported federal legalization for recreational use, his task force determined that medical marijuana should be legalized, and states should make their own decision on recreational use. Biden likely would reverse the policy of the Department of Justice to prosecute matters that are legal at the state level.
Financial services such as banks and other lenders could see a potential tighter regulatory environment under President-elect Biden, as well as a larger government role in facilitating consumer financial services.
Much of what might get done in the next four years from a legislative standpoint hinges on the makeup of Congress, with moderates primed to influence the outcomes. SurePayroll will continue to monitor legislation that could impact your business.
12020 Small Business Profile, https://cdn.advocacy.sba.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/04144224/2020-Small-Business-Economic-Profile-US.pdf


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Famous cowboys to perform fundraiser
Jennifer Eberbach
Famous Hollywood gunslingers are making their way to Livingston County for an old Wild West event.
Denim & Diamonds, blue-jeans-preferred fundraiser, will be held from 6-10 p.m. Saturday at the Haggerty-Bearden Ranch, 3300 County Farm Road in Marion Township.
Funds raised by ticket sales — $100 each — will benefit LACASA Center, a nonprofit organization that helps victims of child abuse, domestic violence and sexual assault in Livingston County.
The stars of the event are trick gun handlers and stunt trainers who have worked on Hollywood movies, Will Roberts and Joey Dillon.
Their cowboy entertainment includes "trick roping, gun spinning, whips and some good old-fashioned humor," said Roberts, who has performed with Cirque de Soleil on the Las Vegas strip and just finished acting in an upcoming Bollywood film by Disney.
The Hollywood cowboys will also interact with the audience by "getting the audience involved spinning a gun, throwing a rope, cracking a whip," Roberts said.
"We have a good time on stage when we get to combine our skills. We may share the stage or do two separate acts," said Dillon, a world champion trick gun handler and gun historian who trains actors "so they look good with a gun."
LACASA Center President Bobette Schrandt said the event will be "bigger with new things this year" due to the generosity of ranch owners Steven Bearden and Gwen Haggerty-Bearden, along with other donors.
A fireworks display by ACE Pyro LLC "will be a huge grand finale" and "the best fireworks company Livingston County has ever seen," she said.
A seven-course French feast prepared by Bearden and "The Great Foodini," Renee Chodkowski, will be auctioned off to the highest bidder. The dinner — estimated to be worth $8,000 — will include "limousine service to a private estate, an estate tour, rare French-inspired delicacies and bountiful wine pairings," according to the event announcement.
Horse whisperer Tim Scarberry, owner of WindWalker Farms & Training in Tyrone Township, will put on a show.
Young people from Rach Riding Academy will do a horse show.
Kari Holmes & The Modern Day Drifters will perform music for dancing and line-dancing lessons.
A Wild West-style gambling barn will feature casino games. A starter pack of chips is included in the price of tickets, and people will turn them in for raffle tickets.
Raffle prizes include a diamond bracelet donated by Cooper & Binkley Jewelers of Brighton and other "high-end prizes all valued over $500," Schrandt said.
Brunner's Restaurant is supplying barbecued food.
A "Rattlesnake Saloon" will feature "fine cigars and spirits," according to the event announcement.
The goal is to raise $75,000 — up from the $50,000 raised last year.
"It helps us support daily operations of the organization, supporting our clients, and allows us to be fully staffed," Schrandt said.
"A lot of features of this year's event were donated," which means more funds raised via ticket sales can benefit victims of children abuse and violence in Livingston County, Schrandt said.
Tickets are available online at http://lacasacenter.org or at Cooper and Binkley Jewelers, 105 W. Main St. in Brighton, Brunner's Restaurant, 1101 E. Grand River Ave. in Howell, Howell Western Wear, 121 N. Michigan Ave. in Howell and the LACASA Center, 2895 W. Grand River Ave. in Howell Township.
Contact Livingston Daily county and townships reporter Jennifer Eberbach at 517-548-7148 or at jeberbach@livingstondaily.com. Follow her on Twitter @JenTheWriter.


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Couple Gets A Second Chance At A Dream Wedding With 90's Rock Bands
Friday, January 14th 2022, 6:14 pm
By: Mike Glover
OKLAHOMA CITY -
Bryan and Sherene first married in Colorado in May. But because their marriage license was NOT returned to the venue in time - the marriage was voided.
"We were never able to make it official, with not getting the license back in time or what not, it was a catastrophe," said Bryan Brown.
Then, they learned about the Honeymoon Rockfest. A line up of 25 bands and dozens of couples sharing vows.
Bryan and Sherene thought this was their second chance at their dream wedding.
"COVID got bad, it got really bad, and it was scheduled right at the peak, the hospitals were full," said Leia Sigler.
Leia Sigler is the event promoter and says the event is now postponed until March due to COVID.
When she heard about the couple's struggle, she offered them a free wedding.
"Leia, you know she emailed me, and I see the email and I'm yelling at my wife and I'm looking and I'm reading and I'm crying," said Brown.
The couple and Leia have been in constant contact but had never met face to face, until today.
"She's something special," said Brown
The new wedding day is set for the Honeymoon Rockfest in March. We're keeping our fingers crossed that this time it stays official.
Mike Glover Bryan and Sherene first married in Colorado in May. But because their marriage license was NOT returned to the venue in time - the marriage was voided.
Dental Depot Explains, What's With All The Trains?
Mike Glover If you've ever been in or driven by a dental depot office, you can't help but notice all the trains. But where do they all come from?
Impact Cheer Team Speaks Out After Winning First Major Competition
Mike Glover Team Impact was formed about three years ago with hopes of exposing African American girls to something new.
OKC Couple's 'Reach Forward' Program Builds Community Among Metro Youth
Mike Glover Fredrick and Wyjuana Montgomery started their Reach Forward program about four years ago, in an effort to impact middle school and high school kids in the Oklahoma City area
Martin Luther King Jr. Parade Celebrated In Oklahoma City
Mike Glover According to the OKC MLK coalition website, Oklahoma City has the nation's third largest Martin Luther King Jr Day parade, and Monday hundreds came out to celebrate.
Local Bank Employees Step In To Substitute Teach
Augusta McDonnell The recent Omicron spike caused some chaos last week for schools. Without enough staff, or enough substitutes, districts had to make changes.


Re: Inexpensive Modern Bathroom Vanity???
Add three $35 vapor tight light fixtures and you are about at $900.
If you do not need a medicine cabinet, a mirror should be about $70. Then you could get a piece of stone with a hole in it for $200 and a $70 drop in stainless steel sink ( http://shop.store.yahoo.com/irawoodinc/de12sistrost1.html ) and you would still be in for under $1000.
check out www.livingsquare.com they don't have prices on the web site but I have a paper catalog and everything seems to be around 5 or 6 hundred dollars. this includes the bowl and hardware.
If you'd consider a pedestal sink, you should look at Duravit's Starck 3 series. As for a mirror, Duravit has a great one, but it's not cheap. (We'll probably be going for a simple Broan one.) Or one from IKEA. Everything else I've seen is in the UK and shipping makes it not as cost effective. Lots of luck!
He looks good, but I'm thinking about this modern glass vanity, he should be great for the small space of my bathroom.
I suggest visiting some of your local furniture showrooms, you can draw some inspirations from there if you decide to do some DIY or mix and matching.
This is a perfect example of how refurbishment or remodeling can be achieved on a budget. Your flooring however, remains one of the most important aspects to the overall design.
Inexpensive is tough if you want a truly beautiful modern bathroom vanity. I recently saw very beautiful vanities from a company called Godi... although it's made in China the designs are BEAUTIFUL and the quality is excellent. You can check out the kinds of vanities they have here: http://godi-admc.com/production/catalog/6/10/98 . Sadly, Godi does not sell their production directly. If you are in the United States you can purchase Godi vanities from a company called DiscoBath (local for me in NYC). DiscoBath has pretty nice bathroom vanities, although their site is lacking in terms of it's selection. When I was there the staff told me that they were still putting in their inventory - they recently redesigned their site. In any case, you can see these are the Godi Bathroom Vanities they have (You can call them if you want one that's not on their site yet). You can see the other bathroom vanities they have too, but I don't see any of the other ones really fitting what you need. Good luck in your search for a modern bathroom vanity!
There are myriad of ways of finding affordable yet Elegant Vanities for your bathroom. You can check out in the newspapers listing to check about sales. You can also visit some pawn shops as they have a good resale value. These shops often deal with number of antiques and furniture sellers or collectors which they would recommend you to find a good vanity.
In today's Modern world it too tough to find a modern bathroom vanity that's inexpensive, But I think you should try at http://www.hydromassageproducts.com . This website can help You to find a less expensive vanity.
Home Living Style is another source where you can get bathroom vanities and cabinets at competitive price for your home decoration.


Good God I am on the edge of my seat constantly refreshing my Twitter timeline even though I already have Woj and Stein's tweets on notifications. It's going to be Jimmy Butler, right? I mean it's gotta be. I am just hoping (praying) that we don't have to pay too much. I mean with the way Boogie just got traded for pennies on the dollar a guy can hope, right?
I don't want to speculate what it is going to take. Mostly because I will actually go insane. But I need, neeedddd to keep at least one Brooklyn pick. I know I am an idiot, but I have fallen in love with Markelle Fultz. But now we wait. Lets all hope I don't die of a heart attack before it all goes down.


Family holidays can be exhilarating, exhausting and inspiring. The memories I have of my children on various summer holidays will always be very dear to me, especially as they get older. Over ten years ago, after a family holiday in Cyprus, I began to write a book. At the time, I was just writing for myself – I had stopped publishing under my maiden name Lucinda Edmonds to focus on raising my children. But of course, I could never stop being a writer, and it kept me sane amidst endless nappies and re-runs of children's TV.
We were staying in a beautiful old villa just outside Kathikas. We had a stream of family friends visiting, and my children had the run of the house with their adventures and minor squabbles. The book I wrote featured a very similar family, with children of the same ages, though much of the plot and several of the characters are of course fictional. Yet there is no doubt that this is the closest I've come in a novel to drawing from my own life experiences of being a mother, a stepmother, a wife and a trained dancer.
I put the manuscript away, and then found it again a couple of years ago when I was clearing out my desk drawer. My children are more than a decade older now, and it was fascinating to read the descriptions I'd written when they were young. In a way, it was my journal of their childhood, so I decided I should finish it. And yes, it was a departure, with no sweeping historical background or one-hundred-year time-span like The Seven Sisters series – just time spent in the same house, with a small cast of characters. I learned so much during the writing of it.
At the heart of The Olive Tree is a crumbling villa called 'Pandora' in Kathikas. Twenty-four years ago a young Helena spent a magical holiday there, and fell in love for the first time. When her godfather dies, Helena inherits 'Pandora', and returns to spend the summer there with her family.
Yet Helena knows that the idyllic beauty of Pandora masks a web of secrets that she has kept from William, her husband, and Alex, her eldest son. At the difficult age of thirteen, Alex is torn between protecting his beloved mother, and growing up. And equally, he is desperate to learn the truth about his real father . . .
When Helena meets her childhood sweetheart by chance, a chain of events is set in motion that threatens to make her past and present collide. Both Helena and Alex know that life will never be the same, once Pandora's secrets have been revealed.
The book is told from both Helena's and Alex's perspectives, and I was honoured when my son Harry and I were asked to narrate the audiobook of The Olive Tree. To hear our discussion of family holidays, writing and the characters, go here.
The paperback edition of The Olive Tree is now available in the UK & Commonwealth, USA and Canada, and in other countries it is published under the name Helena's Secret.


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Capital Manchester
Boy retrieving football shot with air rifle
Police are searching for a man after a 12-year-old boy was shot with an air rifle in Bolton.
Shortly before 3.50pm on Saturday 18 May 2019 police were called to Bridge Street in Bolton to reports that the air ambulance had been called out to reports that a 12-year-old boy had been shot in the knee with an air rifle.
The boy was taken to hospital where he will require surgery for his injuries.
Eye witnesses reported that the boy was playing football when his ball ended up on a flat roof nearby. As he went to retrieve the ball he was shot at a number of times before he was hit.
Police have launched an investigation and are currently trawling CCTV from the area.
Police are particularly keen to hear any information about a man who was seen in the area who is described as being white, of average build with glasses and with a grey beard and black hair tied back in a ponytail.
Detective Inspector Andrew Fallows from GMP's Bolton borough said: "This was an appalling assault on a young boy who was just playing football in the street.
"How someone could comprehend shooting at a child is beyond me, this is any parent's worst nightmare when sending their kids out to play.
"Thankfully his injuries aren't life threatening, but he will require surgery and his recovery is not going to be short.
"We are determined to find whoever decided using an air gun was appropriate action to take on a boy retrieving his football."
Anyone with any information is asked to contact police on 0161 856 5757, alternatively call 101 or the independent charity Crimestoppers anonymously on 0800 555 111.