text:
\section{Introduction} \label{intro}

Message-passing concurrency mainly follows the so-called
actor model. At runtime, concurrent processes can only
interact through message sending and receiving (i.e., there is
no shared memory). In this paper, we further consider that
communication is asynchronous. Each process has a local
mailbox (a queue) and each sent message is eventually stored
in the mailbox of the target process. Moreover, we consider
that processes can be dynamically spawned at runtime.
The programming language Erlang \cite{erlang} mostly follows
this model.\footnote{In practice, some Erlang
built-in's involve shared-memory concurrency,
but we will not consider them in this work.}

In this context, computations are typically nondeterministic
because of the relative speeds of processes. Consider, for
instance, three processes, $\mathsf{p1}$, $\mathsf{p2}$, and
$\mathsf{p3}$. If $\mathsf{p1}$ and $\mathsf{p2}$ both
send a message to process $\mathsf{p3}$, the order in which these
messages are received is not fixed. Here, we say that these
messages \emph{race}. Considering all alternatives for
message races is the purpose of state-space exploration
techniques like \emph{stateless model checking} \cite{God97}
or \emph{reachability testing} \cite{LC06}. Intuitively speaking,
these techniques start with an arbitrary execution, then consider
some message race in this execution and, then, replay the
execution up to the message race but then consider a different
alternative. Executing a program deterministically up to a point
and then let it proceed nondeterministically is called
\emph{prefix-based testing} in \cite{LC06}. Other approaches,
like \cite{CGS13}, follow a similar process by inserting
preemptive points in the code and, then, forcing the program
to follow a particular \emph{interleaving} up to a given point.

The nondeterminism of concurrent programs is also problematic
for program debugging, since reproducing
a  buggy execution in a debugger is often challenging.
To overcome this problem, so-called \emph{record-and-replay}
debuggers are often used. Here, the program is first instrumented
in order to produce a \emph{trace} of the execution as a side effect.
Then, if some execution exhibits an incorrect behavior, the user
can load both the program and the trace into a replay debugger
in order to reproduce the considered computation.  This is the
case, e.g., of the \emph{reversible} debugger
\textsf{CauDEr}\ for Erlang programs \cite{LNPV18,GV21}.
In contrast to other debuggers, \textsf{CauDEr}\ is
\emph{causal-consistent}, which means that an execution is
not reproduced in exactly the same order as the original,
recorded one; rather, it allows the user to focus on
the actions of a particular process, so that the actions of
other processes are only performed if there exists a
dependency with the actions of the considered process.
Replay debugging
in \textsf{CauDEr}\ is driven by the \emph{trace} of an execution,
i.e., by the sequence of actions that must be performed
by each process. A trace can be seen as a \emph{partial order}
(i.e., it represents the class of all interleavings
which give rise to causally equivalent computations).

In this work, we propose a new program instrumentation
that can be used both in the context of state-space exploration methods
and record-and-replay debugging. Our technique, called
\emph{prefix-based tracing}, takes a program and a (possibly partial)
execution trace as input. When executing the instrumented
program in the standard runtime environment, each process will
follow the considered trace until all the actions in this trace have
been performed.
From this point on, the program will proceed nondeterministically,
eventually producing a trace of the complete execution as a
side effect.
Observe that traditional tracing and replay are particular cases
of our approach when an empty trace is provided (pure tracing)
and when a full trace is provided (pure replay), respectively.

\section{Prefix-Based Tracing: (Partial) Logs and Traces} \label{sec:tracing}

In this section, we introduce some notions on tracing for
message-passing concurrent programs.
Here, we consider an Erlang-like language with asynchronous
message passing. In the following, we focus on the concurrent
component of the language and omit the evaluation of
expressions (that follows an eager functional semantics;
see, e.g., \cite{LNPV18jlamp}).
We consider the following concurrent actions:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\mathsf{spawn}(\mathit{mod},\mathit{fun},\mathit{args})$, which
is used to dynamically create a new process to evaluate
function $\mathit{fun}$ (defined in module $\mathit{mod}$)
with arguments $\mathit{args}$ (a list). E.g.,
$\mathsf{spawn}(\mathit{test},\mathit{client},[S,c1])$ spawns a  process
that evaluates the expression $\mathit{client}(S,c1)$, where function
$\mathit{client}$ is defined in module $\mathit{test}$.\footnote{As
in Erlang, functions and atoms (constants)
begin with a lowercase letter while variables
start with an uppercase symbol. The language has no user-defined
data constructors, but allows the use of \emph{lists}---following the usual
Haskell-like notation---and \emph{tuples} of the form
$\{e_1,\ldots,e_n\}$, $n\geq 1$ (a polyadic function).}
A $\mathsf{spawn}$ expression reduces to a fresh identifier, called pid
(for p\emph{rocess} id\emph{entifier}),
that uniquely identifies the new process.

\item $p \:!\: v$, which sends the value $v$ (the \emph{message})
to process $p$ (a pid). The expression reduces to $v$ and eventually
stores this value in the mailbox of process $p$ as a side effect.
Sending a message is an asynchronous operation, so the process
continues immediately with the evaluation of the next expression.

\item $\mathsf{receive}~p_1  \to e_1; \ldots;
p_n  \to e_n~ \mathsf{end}$, which looks
for the \emph{oldest} message
in the process mailbox that matches some pattern $p_i$
and, then,
continues with the evaluation of $e_i$.
When no message matches any pattern, execution is \emph{blocked}
until a matching message reaches
the mailbox of the process.
\end{itemize}
In order to model a running application, \cite{LNPV18jlamp}
introduces a \emph{global mailbox} $\Gamma$ that
represents the network (which is similar
to the notion of \emph{ether} in \cite{SFB10}).
When a message is sent, it is first stored in $\Gamma$.
Typically, each message in $\Gamma$ is stored as a tuple,
including the pid of the sender,
the pid of the target process, and (in the tracing semantics)
a \emph{tagged} message. Tags were introduced in \cite{LPV19}
 in order to uniquely identify each message so that the sending
 and receiving of a message can be tracked.
The messages that are sent directly between two given processes are
stored in a single queue so that the order is kept. In contrast,
when the senders are different, messages can
reach the target process in any order.

The semantics in \cite{LNPV18jlamp} has a rule for each
concurrent action, together with an additional rule to
\emph{nondeterministically} deliver a message, i.e., move a message
from $\Gamma$ to the local (private) mailbox of the target
process. In general, given a process $\mathsf{p}$, we might have several
queues of messages associated to different senders:
$\{\mathsf{p1},\mathsf{p},q_1\},\{\mathsf{p2},\mathsf{p},q_2\},
\ldots,\{\mathsf{p}n,\mathsf{p},q_n\}$, where $\mathsf{p}i$
are the pids of the sender processes and $q_i$ are the corresponding
queues of messages sent from $\mathsf{p}i$ to $\mathsf{p}$,
$i=1,\ldots,n$.
This rule to deliver messages was removed from the semantics
of \cite{LPV19,LPV21} since the goal was to define a \emph{replay}
semantics and, in this case, the order in which the messages must be
received is fixed by a given trace.

In the following, we consider that an execution \emph{trace} consists
of a collection of sequences of \emph{actions}, one per process.
The considered actions are the following:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\mathsf{spawn}(p)$, where $p$ is the pid of the spawned process;
\item $\mathsf{send}(\ell)$, where $\ell$ is the tag of the sent message, which is
(initially) stored in the global mailbox $\Gamma$;
\item $\mathsf{deliver}(\ell)$, where $\ell$ is the tag of the delivered message,
which is moved from $\Gamma$ to the local mailbox of the target process;
\item $\mathsf{receive}(\ell)$, where $\ell$ is the tag of the message consumed from
the local mailbox.
\end{itemize}
We note that $\mathsf{deliver}$ events are attributed to the target of the
message.

\begin{figure}[t]
\vspace{-5ex}
\centering
\begin{tikzpicture}
\draw[->,dashed,thick] (0,4) node[above]{\sf p1} -- (0,0);
\draw[->,dashed,thick] (2.5,4) node[above]{\sf p2} -- (2.5,0);
\draw[->,dashed,thick] (5,4) node[above]{\sf p3} -- (5,0);
\draw[->,dashed,thick] (7.5,4) node[above]{\sf p4} -- (7.5,0);

\draw[->, thick] (0,3.9) node[left]{$s_1$} -- (5,3.5) node[pos=0.75,above]{$\ell_1$} node[right]{$d_1$};

\draw[->, thick] (2.5,3.2) node[left]{$s_2$} -- (5,3) node[midway,above]{$\ell_2$} node[right]{$d_2$};

\node at (5,2.7) [right] {$r_1$};

\draw[->, thick] (5,2.4) node[right]{$s_3$} -- (2.5,2.2) node[midway,above]{$\ell_3$} node[left]{$d_3$};

\node at (5,1.9) [right] {$r_2$};

\node at (2.5,1.8) [left] {$r_3$};

\draw[->, thick] (2.5,1.4) node[left]{$s_4$} -- (5,1.2) node[midway,above]{$\ell_4$} node[right]{$d_4$};

\draw[->, thick] (7.5,1) node[right]{$s_5$} -- (5,0.8) node[midway,above]{$\ell_5$} node[left]{$d_5$};

\node at (5,0.6) [right] {$r_4$};

\node at (5,0.3) [right] {$r_5$};

\end{tikzpicture}
\caption
Processes ($\mathsf{p}i$, $i=1,\ldots,4$)  are represented
as vertical dashed arrows (time flows from top to bottom).
Message sending and delivery is represented by solid arrows
labeled with a message tag ($\ell_i$),
from a sending event ($s_i$) to a delivery event ($d_i$), $i=1,\ldots,5$.
Receive events are denoted by $r_i$, $i=1,\ldots,5$. Note that all
events associated to a message $\ell_i$ have the same subscript $i$.}
\label{fig:simple}
\end{figure}

Let us consider the simple message-passing diagram
shown in Figure~\ref{fig:simple}. The associated trace can be
represented as follows:
\[ \label{eqn:trace}
\begin{array}{ll}
\{\mathsf{p1},&[\blue{\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p3})},
\blue{\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p2})},
\blue{\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p4})},\mathsf{send}(\ell_1)]\}\\
\{\mathsf{p2},&[\mathsf{send}(\ell_2),\mathsf{deliver}(\ell_3),\mathsf{receive}(\ell_3),\mathsf{send}(\ell_4)]\}\\
\{\mathsf{p3},&[\mathsf{deliver}(\ell_1),\mathsf{deliver}(\ell_2),\mathsf{receive}(\ell_1),\mathsf{send}(\ell_3),
\mathsf{receive}(\ell_2),\\
& ~\mathsf{deliver}(\ell_4),\mathsf{deliver}(\ell_5),\mathsf{receive}(\ell_4),\mathsf{receive}(\ell_5)]\}\\
\{\mathsf{p4},&[\mathsf{send}(\ell_5)]\}\\
\end{array}
\tag{1}
\]
Observe that we do not need to fix a particular interleaving
for all the actions in the trace. Only the order within
each process matters; i.e., a trace represents a partial order
(analogously to the SYN-sequences of \cite{LC06}).

In \cite{LPV19,LPV21}, local mailboxes are abstracted away and
there is no rule for message delivery
(messages are directly consumed from the global mailbox $\Gamma$).
Therefore, we have no $\mathsf{deliver}$ actions and the trace of the
example above would be as follows:
\[ \label{eqn:log}
\begin{array}{ll}
\{\mathsf{p1},&[\blue{\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p3})},
\blue{\mathsf{spawn}}(\mathsf{p2}),
\blue{\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p4})},\mathsf{send}(\ell_1)]\}\\
\{\mathsf{p2},&[\mathsf{send}(\ell_2),\mathsf{receive}(\ell_3),\mathsf{send}(\ell_4)]\}\\
\{\mathsf{p3},&[\mathsf{receive}(\ell_1),\mathsf{send}(\ell_3),\mathsf{receive}(\ell_2),\mathsf{receive}(\ell_4),\mathsf{receive}(\ell_5)]\}\\
\{\mathsf{p4},&[\mathsf{send}(\ell_5)]\}\\
\end{array}
\tag{2}
\]
Despite the removal of $\mathsf{deliver}$ events, the resulting trace
(called \emph{log} in \cite{LPV19,LPV21}) suffices to replay
a given execution \cite[Theorem 4.22]{LPV21}.
Nevertheless, the $\mathsf{deliver}$ events might be useful for
other purposes (e.g., to compute message races).

Therefore, in the following, we distinguish \emph{logs}
(as in \cite{LPV19,LPV21}, without $\mathsf{deliver}$ events)
and \emph{traces} (with $\mathsf{deliver}$ events). For instance,
we say that the sequences in (\ref{eqn:trace}) represent a
trace while those in (\ref{eqn:log}) represent a log.

Observe that there are two message races in the execution
of Figure~\ref{fig:simple}. First, we have a race for $\mathsf{p3}$
between messages
$\ell_1$ and $\ell_2$. If we swap the delivery of these messages,
we can have a new execution which is not causally equivalent
to the previous one and, thus, may give rise to a different
outcome. A similar situation occurs with messages $\ell_4$
and $\ell_5$.
Here, one might be interested in considering a partial log in
order to explore an alternative execution. E.g., by assuming
that message $\ell_2$ reaches first process $\mathsf{p3}$,
we can produce the following partial log:
\[ \label{eqn:plog}
\begin{array}{ll}
\{\mathsf{p1},&[\blue{\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p3})},
\blue{\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p2})},
\blue{\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p4})},\mathsf{send}(\ell_1)]\}\\
\{\mathsf{p2},&[\mathsf{send}(\ell_2)]\}\\
\{\mathsf{p3},&[\mathsf{receive}(\ell_2)]\}\\
\{\mathsf{p4},&[\mathsf{send}(\ell_5)]\}\\
\end{array}
\tag{3}
\]
Now, we could be interested in executing a program in replay
mode until the log is consumed and, then, continue nondeterministically,
eventually producing a trace of the complete execution. This is
the goal of \emph{prefix-based} tracing.

\section{The Program Instrumentation}\label{sec:inst}

In this section, we focus on the design of a program instrumentation
to perform prefix-based tracing of (a subset of) Erlang programs.
In a nutshell, our program instrumentation proceeds
as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item First, we introduce a new process, called the \emph{scheduler}
(a server), that will be run as part of the source
program.
\item The scheduler ensures that the actions of
a given log are followed in the same order,
and that the corresponding trace is eventually computed.
It also includes a data structure that corresponds to the
global mailbox $\Gamma$.
In the instrumented program,
all messages will  be sent via the scheduler.
\item Finally, the sentences that correspond to the concurrent
actions $\mathsf{spawn}$, $\mathsf{send}$ and $\mathsf{receive}$ are instrumented
in order to interact with the scheduler. The remaining code will
stay untouched.
\end{itemize}
The scheduler uses several data structures called \emph{dictionaries},
a typical key-value data structure which is commonly used
in Erlang applications. Here, we consider the following standard
operations on dictionaries:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\mathit{fetch}(k,dict)$, which returns the value $val$
associated  to key $k$ in $dict$. We write $dict[k]$ as a shorthand
for $\mathit{fetch}(k,dict)$.

\item $\mathit{store}(k,val,dict)$, which updates the dictionary
by adding (or updating, if the key exists) a new pair with
key $k$ and value $val$. In this case, we write
$dict[k] := val$ as a shorthand for $\mathit{store}(k,val,dict)$.
\end{itemize}
In particular, we consider the following dictionaries:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\mathsf{Pids}$, which maps the pid of each process to a (unique)
reference, i.e., $\mathsf{Pids}[p]$ denotes the reference of pid $p$.
While pids are relative to a particular execution
(i.e., the pid of the same process may change from one execution
to the next one), the corresponding reference in a log or trace
is permanent.
This mapping is used to dynamically keep the association between
pids and references in each execution.
For instance, an example value for $\mathsf{Pids}$ is
$[\{\tuple{0.80.0},\mathsf{p1}\},
\tuple{0.83.0},\mathsf{p2}\}]$, where $\tuple{0.80.0},\tuple{0.83.0}$
are Erlang pids and $\mathsf{p1},\mathsf{p2}$ are the corresponding
references.

\item $\mathsf{LT}$, which is used to associate each process reference
with a tuple of the form $\{ls,as\}$, where $ls$ is a (possibly empty)
list with the events of a log and $as$ is a (possibly empty) list
with the (reversed) trace of the execution so far.
The log is used to drive the next steps, while the second component
is  used to store the execution trace so far.
The list storing the trace is reversed for efficiency reasons
(since it is faster to add elements to the head of the list).
E.g., the initial value of $\mathsf{LT}$ for the partial
log displayed in (\ref{eqn:plog}) is as follows:
\[
\begin{array}{ll}
[\{\mathsf{p1},&\{[\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p3}),\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p2}),
\mathsf{spawn}(\mathsf{p4}),\mathsf{send}(\ell_1)],[\:]\}\},\\
~\{\mathsf{p2},&\{[\mathsf{send}(\ell_2)],[\:]\}\},
\{\mathsf{p3},\{[\mathsf{receive}(\ell_2)],[\:]\}\},
\{\mathsf{p4},\{[\mathsf{send}(\ell_5)],[\:]\}\}]\\
\end{array}
\]

\item $\mathsf{MBox}$, which represents the global
mailbox $\Gamma$. The key of this dictionary is the pid of
the target process, and the value is another dictionary in
which the keys are pids (those of the sender processes) and
the values are lists of (tagged) messages.
For instance, the value of $\mathsf{MBox}$ after sending the first
two messages of the execution shown in Figure~\ref{fig:simple}
could be as follows:
\[
\begin{array}{l@{~}l}
\{\tuple{0.84.0}, & \{\tuple{0.80.0},[\{\ell_1,v_1\}]\},\\
                          & \{\tuple{0.83.0},[\{\ell_2,v_2\}]\}\}
\end{array}
\]
where $\tuple{0.80.0},\tuple{0.83.0},\tuple{0.84.0}$
are the pids of $\mathsf{p1},\mathsf{p2},\mathsf{p3}$, respectively,
$v_1$ and $v_2$ are the message values and $\ell_1$ and $\ell_2$
are their respective tags.
\end{itemize}
Let us now describe the instrumentation of the source code.
First, every expression of the form
$\mathsf{spawn}(\mathit{mod},\mathit{fun},\mathit{args})$ is replaced
by a call to a new function $\mathsf{spawn\_inst}$ with the same arguments.
The new function is similar to the original function $\mathsf{spawn}$
but additionally (1) sends the message $\{P1,\mathsf{spawn},P2\}$
to the scheduler, where $P1$ is the pid of the current process
and $P2$ is the pid of the spawned process, and (2) inserts
a receive expression to make this communication \emph{synchronous}.
The reason for (2) is that
every message of the form $\{P1,\mathsf{spawn},P2\}$ must
add $P2$ to the data structure $\mathsf{Pids}$, either with a new reference
or with the one in the current log. We require this operation to be
completed before either the spawned process or the one performing
the spawn can proceed with any other action. Otherwise, the
scheduler would run into an inconsistent state.

The instrumentation of message sending is much simpler. We just
perform the following rewriting:
\[
e_1\:!\:e_2 \hspace{5ex} \Rightarrow \hspace{5ex}
\mathsf{sched}\:!\:\{\mathsf{self}(),\mathsf{send},e_1,e_2\}
\]
where $\mathsf{sched}$ is the pid of the scheduler
and $\mathsf{self}()$
is a predefined function that returns the pid of the current process.
Finally, the instrumentation of a receive expression rewrites the
code as follows:
\[
\begin{array}{l}
\mathsf{receive}~p_1  \to e_1; \ldots;
p_n  \to e_n~ \mathsf{end}\\
\hspace{10ex}\Rightarrow
\mathsf{receive}~\{L_1,p_1\}
\to \mathsf{sched}\:!\:\{\mathsf{self}(),\mathsf{receive},L_1\},e_1; \ldots; \\
\hspace{20ex}\{L_n,p_n\}
\to \mathsf{sched}\:!\:\{\mathsf{self}(),\mathsf{receive},L_n\},e_n~ \mathsf{end}
\end{array}
\]
where $L_1,\ldots,L_n$ are fresh variables that are used to
gather the tag of the received message and send it to the scheduler.

The main algorithm of the scheduler can be found in
Algorithm~\ref{alg:scheduler}. First, we have an initialization
where the pid of the main process is associated with the
reference $\mathsf{p1}$ in $\mathsf{Pids}$, the initial logs are
assigned to $\mathsf{LT}$, and the mailbox is initially
empty. As is common in server processes, the scheduler is basically
an infinite loop with a receive statement to process the requests.
Here, we consider three requests, which correspond to the
messages sent from the instrumented source code.
Let us briefly explain the actions associated to each message:

\begin{algorithm}[t]
\caption{Scheduler} \label{alg:scheduler}
\begin{tabular}{l}
\textbf{Initialization}\\
\hspace{2ex} $\mathsf{Pids} := [\{\mathsf{self}(),\mathsf{p1}\}]$;~
$\mathsf{LT} :=
   \mathtt{/*}~ \mathit{prefix}~\mathit{logs} ~\mathtt{*/}$; ~
$\mathsf{MBox} := \{\:\}$;\\
\textbf{repeat}\\
~\textbf{receive}\\
\hspace{2ex} $\{p,\mathsf{spawn},p'\} \to$\\
\hspace{8ex} \textbf{case} $\mathsf{LT}[\mathsf{Pids}[p]]$ \textbf{of}\\
\hspace{10ex} $\{[\:],as\} \to ~~
\mathtt{/*}~\mathit{trace~mode}~\mathtt{*/}$\\
\hspace{23ex} $r' := \mathit{new\_unique\_ref}()$;\\
\hspace{23ex}
$\mathit{update\_pids}(p',r',\mathsf{Pids})$;\\
\hspace{23ex} $\mathsf{LT}[\mathsf{Pids}[p] :=\{[\:],[\mathsf{spawn}(r')|as]\}$;\\
\hspace{10ex} $\{[\mathsf{spawn}(r')|ls],as\} \to ~~
\mathtt{/*}~\mathit{replay~mode}~\mathtt{*/}$\\
\hspace{23ex} $\mathit{update\_pids}(p',r',\mathsf{Pids})$;\\
\hspace{23ex} $\mathsf{LT}[\mathsf{Pids}[p]] := \{ls,[\mathsf{spawn}(r')|as]\}$;\\
\hspace{8ex} $p\: !\: ack$;\\
\hspace{8ex}
$\mathit{try\_deliver}(p)$\\
\hspace{2ex} $\{p,\mathsf{send},p',v\} \to$\\
\hspace{8ex} \textbf{case} $\mathsf{LT}[\mathsf{Pids}[p]]$ \textbf{of}\\
\hspace{10ex} $\{[\:],as\} \to ~~
\mathtt{/*}~\mathit{trace~mode}~\mathtt{*/}$\\
\hspace{23ex} $\ell := \mathit{new\_unique\_ref}()$;\\
\hspace{23ex}
$\mathsf{LT}[\mathsf{Pids}[p]] := \{[\:],[\mathsf{send}(\ell)|as]\};$\\
\hspace{23ex} $\mathit{process\_new\_msg}(\{p,p',\ell,v\},\mathsf{MBox},\mathsf{LT});$\\
\hspace{10ex} $\{[\mathsf{send}(\ell)|ls],as\} \to ~~
\mathtt{/*}~\mathit{replay~mode}~\mathtt{*/}$\\
\hspace{23ex} $\mathsf{LT}[\mathsf{Pids}[p]] :=\{ls,[\mathsf{send}(\ell)|as]\};$\\
\hspace{23ex} $\mathit{process\_msg}(\{p,p',\ell,v\},\mathsf{MBox},\mathsf{LT});$\\
\hspace{8ex} $\mathit{try\_deliver}(p)$\\
\hspace{2ex} $\{p,\mathsf{receive},\ell\} \to$\\
\hspace{8ex} \textbf{case} $\mathsf{LT}[\mathsf{Pids}[p]]$ \textbf{of}\\
\hspace{10ex} $\{[\:],as\} \to ~~
\mathtt{/*}~\mathit{trace~mode}~\mathtt{*/}$\\
\hspace{23ex} $\mathsf{LT}[\mathsf{Pids}[p]] := \{[\:],[\mathsf{receive}(\ell)|as]\}$\\
\hspace{10ex} $\{[\mathsf{receive}(\ell)|ls],as\} \to ~~
\mathtt{/*}~\mathit{replay~mode}~\mathtt{*/}$\\
\hspace{23ex} $\mathsf{LT}[\mathsf{Pids}[p]] := \{ls,[\mathsf{receive}(\ell)|as]\}$\\
\hspace{8ex} $\mathit{try\_deliver}(p)$\\
\textbf{until}~\textit{true}
\end{tabular}
\end{algorithm}

\begin{itemize}
\item If the message received has the form $\{p,\mathsf{spawn},p'\}$,
where $p,p'$ are pids, we look for the tuple associated to process
$\mathsf{Pids}[p]$ in $\mathsf{LT}$. If the log is empty, we can proceed
nondeterministically and just need to keep a trace of the execution
step. Here, we obtain a fresh reference, $r'$, add the pair
$\{p',r'\}$ to $\mathsf{Pids}$, and update the trace in $\mathsf{LT}$ with the new
action $\mathsf{spawn}(r')$. If the log is not empty, we proceed in a similar
way but the reference is given in the log entry.
Finally, we have to acknowledge the reception of this message since
this communication is synchronous (as explained above).

\item If the message received has the form $\{p,\mathsf{send},p',v\}$,
we again distinguish the case where the process log is empty.
In this case, we obtain a fresh reference $\ell$ (the message tag) and
update $\mathsf{LT}$ with the new action $\mathsf{send}(\ell)$.
Finally, we use the auxiliary function $\mathit{process\_new\_msg}$ to
check the log of the target process, $p'$, and then it proceeds as
follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item If the log of $\mathsf{Pids}[p']$ is empty, we
add the action $\mathsf{deliver}(\ell)$ to the
trace of $\mathsf{Pids}[p']$ and then send the message to the target
process: $p'\:!\:\{\ell,v\}$, i.e.,  we apply an \emph{instant-delivery}
strategy, where messages are delivered as soon as possible
(this is the usual action in the Erlang runtime environment).
\item If the log is not empty, we do not know when this message
should be received. Hence, we add a new (tagged)
message $\{\ell,v\}$ from $p$ to $p'$
to the mailbox $\mathsf{MBox}$, and add an action
$\mathsf{deliver}(\ell)$ at the end of the current log. Note that
computed logs (as in \cite{LPV19,LPV21}) should not
contain deliver actions. This one is artificially
added to \emph{force} the delivery
of message $\ell$ as soon as possible (see function
$\mathit{try\_deliver}$ below).
\end{itemize}
If the log is not empty, we proceed in a similar way but the message
tag is given by the log and we call the auxiliary function
$\mathit{process\_msg}$ instead. This function checks the log of the
target process, $\mathsf{Pids}[p']$, and then proceeds as follows:
\begin{itemize}
\item If the next action in the log is $\mathsf{receive}(\ell)$, we add the action
$\mathsf{deliver}(\ell)$ to the trace of $\mathsf{Pids}[p']$ and  send the
message to the target process: $p'\:!\:\{\ell,v\}$.
\item If the first action is not $\mathsf{receive}(\ell)$, we  add a new (tagged)
message $\{\ell,v\}$ from $p$ to $p'$ to the mailbox
$\mathsf{MBox}$. Finally, if the log of $\mathsf{Pids}[p']$ contains
an action $\mathsf{receive}(\ell)$, we are done; otherwise, an action
of the form $\mathsf{deliver}(\ell)$ is added to the end of the log
of process $\mathsf{Pids}[p']$, as before.
\end{itemize}

\item Finally, when the received message has the form
$\{p,\mathsf{receive},\ell\}$, we just update the trace with the new action
$\mathsf{receive}(\ell)$ and, if the log was not empty, we remove the first
action $\mathsf{receive}(\ell)$ from the log.
\end{itemize}
Each of the above cases ends with a call $\mathit{try\_deliver}(p)$,
which is basically used to deliver messages that
could not be delivered before (because  it would have violated
the order of some log). For this purpose, this function
checks the next action in the log of process $\mathsf{Pids}[p]$.
If it has either the form $\mathsf{receive}(\ell)$ or $\mathsf{deliver}(\ell)$, and
the message tagged with $\ell$ is the oldest one
in one of the queues of $\mathsf{MBox}$ with target $p$,
then we send the message to $p$, remove it from $\mathsf{MBox}$
and add $\mathsf{deliver}(\ell)$ to the trace of process $\mathsf{Pids}[p]$.
Furthermore, in case the element of the log was $\mathsf{deliver}(\ell)$,
we recursively call $\mathit{try\_deliver}(p)$ to see if there are more
messages that can be delivered.
In any other case, the function does nothing.

\section{Concluding Remaks}\label{sec:concl}

In this work, we have presented a program instrumentation for
prefix-based tracing of message-passing concurrent programs
with asynchronous communication. An implementation to instrument
Erlang programs has been undertaken, which is publicly available
from\\
\url{https://github.com/mistupv/cauder/tree/paper/prefix-based-tracing}
.

As future work, we plan to first formalize a conservative extension
of the standard semantics in order to perform prefix-based
tracing (e.g., extending the logging semantics in \cite{LPV19,LPV21}).
Then, we will prove the correctness of the program instrumentation
w.r.t.\ the prefix-based tracing semantics. Finally, we plan to
extend the causal-consistent reversible debugger \textsf{CauDEr}\ in order
to use prefix-based tracing (e.g., as part of a
state-space exploration method).

\bibliographystyle{splncs04}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


text:
The 2020 MacBook Pro M1 is $150 off at Amazon
januari 10, 2022 admin provider_name|Engadget
While we consider Apple's MacBook Air M1 to be the best in the company's lineup for most people, there are some who will want a beefier machine. That's where the MacBook Pro M1 comes in, and Amazon has the 2020 model for a bit less than usual. The 13-inch laptop with 8GB of RAM and 256GB of storage is $150 off right now, bringing it down to $1,150. Only the space gray model has this discount right now, but the silver version is $100 off and down to $1,199.
Buy MacBook Pro M1 at Amazon – $1,150
Keep in mind that this is the 2020 model — not the 2021 MacBook Pro, which features an updated design with more ports and Apple's higher-end M1 Pro or M1 Max chipsets. That's not to say the 2020 model doesn't have its merits. In fact, it earned a score of 84 from us when we first reviewed it thanks to its speedy performance, fast GPU, lovely display, comfortable keyboard and trackpad plus its long, 16.5-hour battery life. And since the Pro is unlike the Air and has a fan inside, it can handle sustained workloads like video encoding better.
There are a few downsides to the Pro M1, namely its support for only one external display and lack of external GPU support all together. And, when compared to the 2021 models, the port selection is lacking. The 2020 laptop only has four Thunderbolt ports, whereas you'll get connectors like an HDMI port, an SD card slot and more on the newer machine. However, those updated MacBook Pros start at $1,999, so this sale on the 2020 MacBook Pro is a good option for those who have a tighter budget but still want an upgraded laptop and feel comfortable skipping the extra ports.
Follow @EngadgetDeals on Twitter for the latest tech deals and buying advice.
Tesla will hike prices on self-driving mode, again
Spotify is still working on HiFi streaming, but won't say when it's coming

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I had prepared for my first trip to PAX the way I must prepare for everything else: through rigorous research, planning, and incessant pestering of my friends. What kind of water bottle should I bring? Collapsible. Pain killers? More than one kind, just in case someone you're with is allergic to one. Hand sanitizer? Apply liberally to everything. Even that child? Especially that child. Sneakers? Don't forget the gel insoles. Zinc and vitamin C? Begin a rigorous course three weeks prior and bring some with you just in case. And of course, I brought twice as much underwear as any reasonable person would really need because you just never know.
Perhaps the best piece of advice I received came from Ash, though, and it was: exercise. So I hit the gym for the first time in my adult life. I ran 11-minute miles three times a week and lifted tiny weights and bought stretchy pants. I was going to be ready, damn my free time.
Saturday was the day I had been waiting for, because Saturday was the day I would play the long-rumored Dragon Age: Inquisition multi-player, or DAMP (gross). In the past, I had sunk well over 100 hours into Mass Effect 3 multi-player, a game mode I didn't expect to like and immediately became obsessed with. Once the ME3MP team released the N7 characters, well, my life was over, and video games had won. I had my N7 Demolisher and that was all I needed—until I heard about DAMP, of course.
Be sure to check out our exclusive chat with the DA:I Multiplayer team here on NA.
I entered the convention center Saturday morning and found the building nearly deserted. Filled with the optimism of the truly ignorant, I bounced up the stairs to the expo hall floor, mentally patting myself on the back for how well I had done to arrive as early as I had, around 9AM. My bliss was short-lived, however, because when I reached the floor the truth was laid before me in the form of a thousand dauntless early-risers bent on beating me to the best play-tests. I was herded into a massive theater with an intimidatingly tall woman in Samus cosplay and a young person with a mesmerizing half sleeve of Pokemon tattoos (Gen 1 starters, 'natch.) We waited for an hour. When the rumblings from the crowd had reached a fever pitch and the stale humidity and rank body odor of the collected masses were fit to overwhelm, the Red Sea parted, the gates were opened, and we were off to the literal races.
People sprinted past me as I power-walked onto the expo hall floor. Suddenly realizing I might very well spend my entire day in a line, I broke into a light jog and hoofed it over to the Microsoft booth where Dragon Age: Inquisition lived for the duration of the show. My fears proved well-founded, for when I arrived I found the line full. "Nevermind," the line-minder said. "If you go loiter over by the The Order: 1886 booth for half an hour, I'll let you in." Skeptical and hopeful, I did, and he did. Then, I waited some more. And waited. And waited. For two and half hours, I waited and watched as the team in line ahead of me finished up their match. The line was tense. The developers were on edge. No team this weekend had ever made it as far into the multi-player playtest as this team had. All of the mobs were down except for the boss, the hulking Red Templar leader. To cheers from the crowd, the team wore down his armor and slammed him with a jar of bees. The jar erupted and the waiting crowd, now dense with the curious passersby, hollered and high-fived as the Templar leader fell. As the winning team assembled for a photograph, it was my turn to choose a character.
I went with the human archer and set about laying waste to Templar goons. I thwang-ed away, trying to take down the enemy archers while the melee characters fought it out with the enemy warriors. In the end we were defeated by our lax teamwork. The game was incredibly difficult, and I'm definitely looking forward to sinking 100 more hours of my life into it. As Saturday night came, so too did coconut margaritas and plates of nachos bigger than my head. As I stumbled over to the bus rapid transit tunnel and rode on a wave of dark and trailing train lights back to my temporary home, I massaged my aching shoulder and sighed. Tomorrow was Sunday, my last day in Seattle, and I wanted desperately for PAX not to end.
Make sure you check out Day One and Day Two of Kate's PAX story on NerdAppropriate.com.


text:
Member / Donor Events
Know Our Donors
Read The Capitol Dome
U.S. Capitol Tours
K-12 Programs › U.S. Capitol History
We the People Constitution Program
Capitol Stories
Documents, Images & Recordings
Testimonials & Awards
Capitol Fellowship
Historical Articles
Historical Presentations
We The People Calendar
Constitution Store
Creating Capitol Hill
3rd Annual Memorial Service for Deceased Members of Congress Held
admin 0 0
The U.S. Capitol Historical Society
On Wednesday, September 5th, 2018, the Association of Former Members of Congress (FMC) held their third annual Memorial Service to honor the 38 current and former Members of Congress who had passed away in the last year. The event, held in the somber and historic National Statuary Hall, served as an opportunity to express institutional gratitude for the lives of service and patriotism led by those members. Representatives of the United States Capitol Historical Society attended the event to participate in the commemoration and pay respects to the families of the deceased on behalf of the organization.
Following a Presentation of the Colors by the U.S. Navy Color Guard and a performance of the National Anthem by a string trio, Peter Weichlein, Chief Executive Officer of FMC, opened the ceremony with remarks of gratitude for the lives of service led by the honorees. The Reverend Patrick Conroy, Chaplain of the U.S. House of Representatives, gave an opening prayer and remarks on the importance of community representation at memorial services. The Honorable Martin Frost, a Former Member of Congress from Texas and the President of FMC, also gave remarks on how the diversity of the 38 honorees' backgrounds gave way to a unity of purpose in their service during a combined 372 years in Congress covering 100 years of history.
Current and Former Members of Congress then read selections of poetry and prose to celebrate the honorees: House Democratic Leader Nancy Pelosi of California read an excerpt from "Politics and Philosophy" by Plutarch; the Honorable Byron Dorgan, a former senator from North Dakota, read an excerpt from "Why Courage Matters" by John McCain; the Honorable Susan Molinari, a Former Member of Congress from New York, read the poem "When Great Trees Fall" by Maya Angelou; Representative Ryan Costello of Pennsylvania read the poem "Because You Have Lived" by Ralph Waldo Emerson; the Honorable Tom Daschle, former Senate Majority Leader from South Dakota, read an excerpt from then President-Elect John F. Kennedy's 1961 address to the General Court of Massachusetts; and Senator Jeff Flake of Arizona read an excerpt from the U.S. Navy Hymn "Eternal Father" by William Whiting.
Amidst the reflections and excerpts, the ceremony paused for the reading of the Honor Roll by the Honorable Mr. Frost and Jo Ellen Frost, President of the FMC Auxiliary, and a moment of silence. After closing remarks from Mr. Weichlein and a rendition of "America The Beautiful," the celebration concluded with a reception in the Rayburn Room.
A video recording of the ceremony is available on the FMC website at the following address:
https://www.usafmc.org/memorial-service
The Honor Roll: In Memoriam 2017-2018
Hon. Daniel Kahikina Akaka (1924-2018), a Former Senator and Representative from Hawaii
Hon. Maryon Pittman Allen (1925-2018), a Former Senator from Alabama
Hon. John Bayard Anderson (1922-2017), a Former Representative from Illinois
Hon. Druie Douglas Barnard Jr. (1922-2018), a Former Representative from Georgia
Hon. Leonard L. Boswell (1934-2018), a Former Representative from Iowa
Hon. John Hall Buchanan Jr. (1928-2018), a Former Representative from Alabama
Hon. James Paul David Bunning (1931-2017), a Former Senator and Representative from Kentucky
Hon. Jack Davis (1935-2018), a Former Representative from Illinois
Hon. Ronald V. Dellums (1935-2018), a Former Representative from California
Hon. Pete Vichi Domenici (1932-2017), a Former Senator from New Mexico
Hon. Elaine Schwartzenburg Edwards (1929-2018), a Former Senator from Louisiana
Hon. Jon D. Fox (1947-2018), a Former Representative from Pennsylvania
Hon. William Franklin Goodling (1927-2017), a Former Representative from Pennsylvania
Hon. Orval Howard Hansen (1926-2017), a Former Representative from Idaho
Hon. Margaret M. Heckler (1931-2018), a Former Representative from Massachusetts
Hon. Maurice Dunlea Hinchey (1938-2017), a Former Representative from New York
Hon. Marjorie Sewell Holt (1920-2018), a Former Representative from Maryland
Hon. Walter Eugene Johnston III (1936-2018), a Former Representative from North Carolina
Hon. Gerald Daniel Kleczka (1943-2017), a Former Representative from Wisconsin
Hon. Joseph Knollenberg (1933-2018), a Former Representative from Michigan
Hon. Paul Dominique Laxalt (1922-2018), a Former Senator from Nevada
Hon. Thomas Andrew Luken (1925-2018), a Former Representative from Ohio
Hon. Marc Lincoln Marks (1927-2018), a Former Representative from Pennsylvania
Hon. James Douglas Martin (1918-2017), Former Representative from Alabama
Sen. John Sidney McCain III of Arizona (1936-2018)
Hon. Joseph Michael McDade (1931-2017), a Former Representative from Pennsylvania
Hon. John Melcher (1924-2018), a Former Senator and Representative from Montana
Hon. John Ripin Miller (1938-2017), a Former Representative from Washington
Hon. Zell Bryan Miller (1932-2018), a Former Senator from Georgia
Hon. Guy Victor Molinari (1928-2018), a Former Representative from New York
Hon. John Richard Schmidhauser (1922-2018), a Former Representative from Iowa
Rep. Louise McIntosh Slaughter of New York (1929-2018)
Hon. Allan Byron Swift (1935-2018), a Former Representative from Washington
Hon. Charles Thone (1924-2018), a Former Representative from Nebraska
Hon. John Varick Tunney (1934-2018), a Former Senator and Representative from California
Hon. Edward Lawrence Winn Jr. (1919-2017), a Former Representative from Kansas
Hon. Samuel Hollingsworth Young (1922-2017), a Former Representative from Illinois
Hon. Leo C. Zeferetti (1927-2018), a Former Representative from New York
View all contributions by: admin
Book A Walking Tour
The United States Capitol Society is a nonprofit and nonpartisan educational organization created in 1962 to promote the history of the Capitol and Congress. USCHS serves as an informational and educational resource for its members and the general public.
U.S. Capitol Historical Society
200 Maryland Avenue NE
toll-free. 800-887-9318


I rarely post work from my past but this is so old it's interesting to see there was a time when Canadian tv had a budget for an entire orchestra. The late, great Jerry Toth is the leader. Everyone recorded live off the floor. Does that happen often anymore? No punching in. This goes so far back that I hadn't reverted back to using my real name yet. Wonderful players.
I want to thank all the great musicians I rehearsed and gigged with in 2018. Also a big thank you to everyone who hired me and my trio or band last year. I'll be in the studio finishing a project started in 2018. So wish me luck!


The scientific journal "Vector GeoNauk" publishes articles of scientific and practical interest.
1. The article should be presented in one copy, set out in a condensed form by a rigorous scientific language (the structure of the article includes an introduction, goals and objectives, methods, results, conclusions), carefully edited. Attached to the manuscript are a license agreement filled out and signed by the author for the publication of the article and the author's statement.
According to the IV Part of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, which has come into effect, to publish an article in a journal when it is electronically posted on the Internet and to respect copyright, it is necessary to conclude a written license agreement with the author.
The author (a group of authors represented by one author) fills in, signs a contract and an act, sends it to the journal's editorial board along with the article complete with other documents.
2. The manuscript is signed by all authors.
3. The manuscript should be printed in 12 size, on white paper, after 1 interval with margins 2 cm wide, without blots and inserts. The length of the article is up to 15 pages (Example of the article). In the manuscript it is necessary to make references to the tables, figures and literary sources cited in the article. Tables should have thematic headings, not be cumbersome and not duplicate text and pictures.
4. The captions in the figures must correspond to the designations in the text. The designations in the text, in the formulas and figures in the letters of the Latin alphabet should be in italics, Russian and Greek – in regular type. Figures should be in * .jpg format and be in the text ("Text Wrap → in the Text"). Caption inscriptions are plain text, NOT IN WRITING.
5. References should contain all the works cited and referred to in the text as they are mentioned in the text and should be in accordance with GOST R (design example) and consist of at least 10 positions. References to works in print are not allowed, as well as to literature older than 2003. When referring to a literary source, the text contains a serial number in square brackets:  or [2 … 6]. For own work should be no more than 30% of the links of the total.
6. No abbreviations of words, names, names, as a rule, are not allowed (except for common abbreviations). The abbreviation must be disclosed at the first mention in the text. In the names of the use of abbreviations is not allowed.
7. The article should be typed in the format * .doc sent by e-mail: vectorgeonauk@mail.ru.
8. An article that does not meet the listed requirements is returned to the authors for revision. The date of receipt is the day of receipt of the final version of the article.
9. Additions and inserts in proofs after layout are not allowed.
10. The editorial staff reserves the right to make abbreviations and editorial changes to manuscripts.
11. The expert opinion is drawn up according to the established form in the organization of the authors in two copies.
12. The originality of the articles should be at least 70% when tested in the Antiplagiat system.


At 15-years-old, Abby Snider has had to deal with more than a lot of people do in a lifetime. According to the story onABC News, Abby was diagnosed with leukemia a year ago as she announced on Fluminense. The last year has not been easy for Abby. She has been on chemo treatments that have left her close to death. Her most recent hospital stay was because of acute pancreatitis that lasted for three weeks.
However, her parents were unable to gather the funds needed due to the mountain of medical bills they were paying. That's when Abby's family and friends, as well as Stillbrave Childhood Cancer Foundation stepped in. With everyone's help they managed to get local businesses to donate food, a limo, flowers, music, a photographer, and a professional make-up artist even donated her time to make-up Abby.Unaware of the planning behind her back, Abby was told that she was going to give a speech to help Stillbrave Childhood Cancer Foundation raise money for their charity. She prepared her speech and showed up at the George Washington Hotel in Winchester, Virginia on time. However, instead of a fundraiser, Abby found 100 of her family and friends yelling "surprise" when she came through the door. Abby described the night as awesome when asked about it.
Her sweet 16 was approaching and her parents wanted to throw her an elaborate surprise bash. Needless to say, Abby deserved a night to get her mind off of her health. It also makes a lot of sense which is to visit website which might very exclusive for all to know.


text:
American University Honored as Business Leader for Energy Efficiency
July 15, 2013 July 15, 2013 John Brian Shannon
Image courtesy: American University, Washington, DC
American University is recognized for its commitment to improve campus-wide energy efficiency
DC SEU PRESS RELEASE: July 15, 2013 (Washington, DC) – Northeast Energy Efficiency Partnerships (NEEP) has recognized American University (AU) as a 2013 Business Leader in Energy Efficiency. Nominated by the DC Sustainable Energy Utility (DC SEU), AU was honored for its green building policies and continued efforts to advance campus-wide energy efficiency.
With assistance from the DC SEU, AU completed a major lighting retrofit to modernize Bender Arena, home to the university's NCAA athletics programs and host to commencement exercises, concerts, and world renowned speakers. The improved lighting and controls in Bender Arena cut energy use by more than 350 MWh per year and reduce the cooling necessary when the gym is in use for a total of more than $50,000 in annual cost savings.
"We're committed to reducing energy consumption in the District of Columbia," said Ted Trabue, Managing Director of the DC SEU. "Dedicated partners like American University are leading the way by example."
AU has pledged to achieve carbon neutrality by 2020. A leading strategy is to reduce campus-wide energy consumption. In addition to retrofits in Bender Arena, the university is currently working with the DC SEU to upgrade lighting in three parking garages and to make HVAC improvements to the American University Library, which will reduce energy use and increase occupant comfort. AU has also adopted a green building policy requiring that all new buildings meet or exceed LEED® gold standards and is one of only three universities in the world that is currently working on a large-scale LEED volume project to certify 25 existing buildings on campus.
"Sustainability, carbon neutrality…these are all issues that are on the national agenda," said David Osborne, the Director of Energy and Engineering at American University. "From that standpoint, not only is it good business sense, but it's also the politically and socially responsible thing to do."
American University was recognized along with 11 other Northeast Energy Efficiency Business Leaders, including Green Mountain Coffee Roasters, ESPN, and Anheuser Busch at the 2013 Northeast Energy Efficiency Summit. Watch the video to see American University's beautiful campus and learn more.
ABOUT AMERICAN UNIVERSITY
American University is a leader in global education, enrolling a diverse student body from throughout the United States and nearly 140 countries. Located in Washington, D.C., the university provides opportunities for academic excellence, public service, and internships in the nation's capital and around the world.
ABOUT the DC SEU
The DC SEU helps District residents and businesses save energy and money through energy efficiency and renewable energy services. For more information on the DC SEU, visit http://www.dcseu.com, or contact Hanna Grene at 202-309-3839 or hgrene@dcseu.com.
NEEP was founded in 1996 as a non-profit whose mission is to serve the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic to accelerate energy efficiency in the building sector through public policy, program strategies and education. For more information visit www.neep.org.
Politicians Join The LED Movement (getleducated.com)
SmartWatt Energy Awarded Small Business Direct Install Program with… (prweb.com)
Green Mountain Coffee Roasters named business leader in energy efficiency (vtdigger.org)
Energy Efficiency and Competitive Secrets (cleantechies.com)
Vancouver's BC Comfort Leads Industry in Sustainable Building Design (prweb.com)
Education, Energy Efficiency, Green BuildingsAmerican University, Bender Arena, Efficient energy use, Green building, HVAC, NEEP, United States, Washington
Previous Article Egypt – Land of Chaos and Untapped Opportunity
Next Article California High-Speed Rail To Have Net Zero Emissions
One thought on "American University Honored as Business Leader for Energy Efficiency"
Pingback: Energy efficiency = comfort, lower utility bills - arabiangazette.com
Send us your thoughts! Cancel reply


text:
using minus_token = token<lit_c<'-'>>;

#include <boost/metaparse/one_of.hpp>

using exp_parser12 =
 build_parser<
   foldl_start_with_parser<
     sequence<one_of<plus_token, minus_token>, int_token>,
     int_token,
     boost::mpl::quote2<sum_items>
   >
 >;

// query:
//    exp_parser12::apply<BOOST_METAPARSE_STRING("1 + 2 - 3")>::type

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Q: Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-resources-plugin:3.2.0:resources (default-resources) on project no Heroku    [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   [INFO] BUILD FAILURE
   [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   [INFO] Total time:  9.552 s
   [INFO] Finished at: 2022-07-27T22:26:13Z
   [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
   [ERROR] Failed to execute goal org.apache.maven.plugins:maven-resources-plugin:3.2.0:resources (default-resources) on project mygerence-api: Input length = 1 -> [Help 1]
   [ERROR]
   [ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
   [ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
   [ERROR]
   [ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
   [ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/MojoExecutionException

!     ERROR: Failed to build app with Maven
We're sorry this build is failing! If you can't find the issue in application code,
please submit a ticket so we can help: https://help.heroku.com/
!     Push rejected, failed to compile Java app.
!     Push failed
I'm having this problem on Heroku, when I'm going to deploy my project, I already have the system.properties file with "java.runtime.version=11" at the base of the project. Besides, I already tried to delete the java version in pom.xml and still nothing! Can anyone kindly help?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Most of these apps seem to be play and they usually choose random Instagram names and display the same to you. In fact, some of them even question you to pay a little amount of grant if you want to see more than five names.
The main question is why Who Views My Instagram reach you desire to check who views and stalks your Instagram account.
People are insane virtually rank and popularity. Even literary and moot students want to be well-liked and check their popularity.
If you can check who every are stalking you upon Instagram, it makes reachable to affect your popularity.
Stalkers and buddies are generally good but you should not be lenient approximately your safety and security. Sometimes stalkers may be risky too.


text:
Afternoon Delight: A Tonys Recap
by Stephen Becker 13 Jun 2011
Did you miss last night's Tony Awards? (Can't imagine what else you may have been watching.) If so, host Neil Patrick Harris sums up the night for you in rhyme.
Afternoon Delight is a daily diversion for when you're just back from lunch, but not quite ready to get back to work. Check back tomorrow at 1 p.m. for another one.
About Stephen Becker
Stephen Becker produces the shows Think and Anything You Ever Wanted to Know for KERA. As part of the Art&Seek team, Stephen produces radio and digital stories, along with the podcast "The Big Screen," with Chris Vognar, movie critic of The Dallas Morning News. View more about Stephen Becker.
THROUGH 13AUG 2017
Dream Big: Engineering Our World at The Omni IMAX
@ Fort Worth Museum of Science and History
From the world's tallest buildings to underwater robots and a solar car race...
Radio, Television & Film: Film
Extreme Weather 3D
@ Perot Museum of Nature and Science
From famed storm chaser and award-winning filmmaker Sean Casey, this dramati...
THROUGH 9APR 2017
Heart of Texas Films Series: Tender Mercies
@ Majestic Theatre
The Texas Theatre and the Majestic Theatre are teaming up to present a 4 Par...
THROUGH 7MAY 2017
WhoFEST
@ Westin - DFW Airport
This Year's Guest include the 5th Doctor- Peter Davison, Strax-Dan Starkey a...
Radio, Television & Film: TV


It is easy to be a cynic listening to some of the more nonsensical chatter coming out of Congress. Despite the most comprehensive international agreement between the United States and its P5+1 partners (the members of the UN Security Council and Germany) with Iran on its nuclear program, the calls to bomb Iran are still too loud for them to be dismissed.
In a less publicized speech last week, informed leadership by Oregon's Senator Jeff Merkley points to a simple yet powerful truth: diplomacy works. Merkley argued, without dismissing the absolute need to prevent an Iranian nuclear weapons program, that the most effective strategy to achieve this outcome is a verifiable, negotiated process. Almost simultaneously, 150 House Democrats wrote a letter supporting the administration's negotiations over Iran's nuclear program, urging the exhaustion of every avenue toward a verifiable, enforceable diplomatic solution in order to prevent a nuclear-armed Iran.
This is more than just Congressional politics and debate. We are experiencing a shift in the larger debate about the effectiveness of diplomacy versus war. We are more secure through diplomacy and negotiated agreements, because they are superior to military intervention and war. Therefore it is crucial that diplomatic efforts continue and that we disregard military options which are guaranteed failures in the short and long-term.
There is a poor track-record of military intervention to achieve the stated outcomes. Or to put it differently – wars don't work. This is especially true for the more recent wars and military interventions in the Middle East. The voices still claiming success in the two major US-led Middle East wars are increasingly shrinking. The war in Afghanistan was an ill-conceived response to the criminal attack of September 11, 2001. The 2003 invasion of Iraq turned into the Iraq War. Astronomical costs, a violent insurgency, the rise of the self-proclaimed Islamic State, and immense casualties and suffering of civilians sum up the current situation.
Diplomats and negotiators are not acting in uncharted landscapes. There is a body of knowledge on why negotiation and other conflict resolution approaches are superior to military options. Negotiation is not a zero-sum game where one party wins at the expense of the other parties. The possible and expected outcomes are mutually acceptable agreements. In multilateral negotiations – in this case the P5 + 1 framework – the potential for more lasting agreements grows substantially, as more groups and interests are interdependent and have to be reconciled. Negotiation is a critical tool to restore and repair broken relationships as well as creating space for agreements in other areas. Whether we like it or not, Iran is a major player in the Middle East and beyond. Foreign policy issues around Syria, Iraq, Yemen, oil, or the Israeli-Palestinian conflict can only be addressed constructively when Iran is an involved participant in creating a path forward.
In a time where people and governments worldwide are calling for nuclear disarmament, there is an understandable fear of a nuclear-armed Iran. Some might argue that swift military air bombardment against Iran is the best option to achieve this goal. This is a purely political statement and out-of-touch with history and expertise of military leaders.
Adm. Mike Mullen (Ret.), former Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, wrote, "As of today, there is no more credible path of reducing the likelihood of Iran obtaining a nuclear weapon than this potential deal. Those who say the risks are too high with the current deal offer no constructive path forward save the high potential for war." Due to absolute superiority of U.S. conventional military force, even the threat of military intervention would be an incentive for Iran to actually acquire nuclear weapons and create as much secrecy as possible around those efforts. The tone in Washington's foreign policy and intelligence community has changed. Having personally sat through briefings with officials from the State Department, the intelligence community and other state agencies recently, I can attest that there was a strong consensus that any application of hard military power leads to uncertain and uncontrollable outcomes and that diplomacy and cooperation with partners was the preferred course of action.
The stakes in P5+1 and Iran nuclear negotiations are high. The only path forward is to seek negotiated agreements based on oversight and control. In doing so, we can prevent war and the inevitable human, social, economic and environmental costs. We can avoid putting American men and women in harm's way, who then would cause harm to Iranian men, women and children – that's the nature of war. The way we understand and constructively address global conflict and war now has changed. Senator Merkley has shown that he recognizes that negotiation and understanding its environment is the new realpolitik which makes us more secure. The media and the public have a responsibility to protect and emphasize such voices.


"You plan on leaving that bread tie on the floor?" he asked.
"I'll get it up in the morning when I sweep," she answered.
"You know they multiply," he said, "it's already been there all day, it will be laying eggs soon."
"Okay," she laughed as she reached down to pick it up, "I got it, happy now?"
"Let's just hope it hadn't mated before it got loose."
The next morning he walked into the kitchen. "Too late," he shouted, "there's six of them on the floor."
"Six of what?" she asked as she followed him into the kitchen. "How did those get there?"
"I told you they multiply," he answered.
"No they don't," she said as she reached for the broom, "you're just being silly."
"Whatever you say, Dear. It's your dream house, I just make the payments."
"And you'll keep making them," she laughed.
"And taking you out to dinner, and expensive vacations, and buying you anything you want just like I've always done even if you do drop the bread ties on the floor."
At dinner one night weeks later he noticed she was unusually quiet. "Something bothering you he asked?"
"Every day I sweep up five or six bread ties." she answered.
"How can that be?" he asked, "We dine out almost every meal."
"I thought maybe you were putting them there," she said.
"Some kind of joke?" she asked. "I donno."
"Honey, I promise you I am not putting five or six bread ties on the floor every day," he assured her.
"Do you think it's really possible they multiply?" she asked.
"No way," he said, "Now that was just a joke."
"You're not bringing them home from work are you?"
"Honey," he smiled, "I'm a stock broker. We don't even have wires on our phones anymore. Where would I get them?"
"Do you think I'm crazy?" she asked.
"You married me," he grinned.
"That's not what I mean," she frowned.
"You want me to take you to see someone?" he asked.


For most small businesses things tend to change so rapidly and every rand counts, so if you don't know where you stand on a monthly basis, you may not be around at the end of the year. And while using do-it-yourself accounting software can help monitor costs, the benefits of hiring good small business accountants extend far beyond crunching numbers. Potentially, they can be your company's financial partner for life, with intimate knowledge of not only how you're going to finance your new office space, for instance, but also how you're going to finance your daughter's education.
Business advisory services.Since a small business accountant should be knowledgeable about your business environment, your tax situation and your financial statements, it makes sense to ask them to pull all the pieces together and help you come up with a business plan and personal financial plan. Accountants can offer advice on everything from insurance to expansion (how will additional capacity affect operating costs?). Accountants can bring a new level of insight, simply by virtue of their perspective.
Accounting and record-keeping.These are perhaps the most basic of accounting disciplines. While it makes sense for many business owners to manage their day-to-day records, an accountant can help set up bookkeeping and accounting systems and show you how to use them. A good system allows you to evaluate profitability and modify prices. It also lets you monitor expenses, track a budget, spot trends and reduce accounting fees required to produce financial statements and tax returns.
Tax advice. Small business accountants that provide assistance with tax-related issues usually can do so in two areas: tax compliance and tax planning. Planning refers to reducing your overall tax burden. Compliance refers to obeying the tax laws.
Auditing. These services are most commonly required by banks as a condition of a loan. There are many levels of auditing, ranging from simply preparing financial statements to an actual audit, where the accountant or other third party provides assurance that a company's financial information is accurate.
The best way to find a good accountant is to get a referral from your attorney, your banker or a business colleague.
While accountants usually work for large companies, SAIPA members (Professional Accountants) work for a variety of large and small businesses. Don't underestimate the importance of a Professional Accountant. This title is only awarded to people who have passed a rigorous nationally standardized test and also require 3 years' post-graduate work.
Accounting services can be divided into three broad categories: recording transactions, assembling them, and generating returns and financial statements. Although the first two categories require a lower skill level than the latter, many firms charge the same hourly rate for all three. This is why it's important to determine exactly what work you want an accountant to handle.
The next step is to interview your referrals. For each, plan on two meetings before making your decision. One meeting should be at your site. The other should be at theirs. During the interviews, your principal goal is to find out about three things: services, personality and fees. Here's what to ask in each area.
Services:Most accounting firms offer tax and auditing services. But what about bookkeeping? Management consulting? Estate planning? Will the accountant help you design and implement financial information systems? A Professional Accountant may offer services that include analyzing transactions for loans and financing; preparing, auditing, reviewing and compiling financial statements; managing investments; and representing you when dealing with SARS.Although smaller accounting firms are generally a better bet for entrepreneurs, they may not offer all these services. Make sure the firm has what you need. If it can't offer specialized services, it may have relationships with other firms to which it can refer you to handle these matters. In addition to services, make sure the firm has experience with small business and your specific industry.
Personality:Is the accountant's style compatible with yours? Be sure the people you are meeting are the same ones who will be handling your business. At many accounting firms, some partners handle sales and new business, then pass the actual account work on to others.When evaluating competency and compatibility, ask candidates how they would handle situations relevant to you. For example: How would you handle a SARS audit seeking verification of VAT input tax expenses? Listen to the answers and decide if that's how you would like your affairs to be handled.Realize, too, that having an accountant who takes a different approach can be a good thing. Just be sure that the accountant doesn't pressure you into doing things you aren't comfortable with.
Fees:Ask about this upfront. Most accounting firms charge by the hour. However, others work on a monthly retainer. Get a range of quotes from different accountants. Also try to get an estimate of the total annual charges based on the services you have discussed.
[Click here to see how our fees are structured]Don't base your decision solely on cost, however, as an accountant who charges higher hourly rate is likely to be more experienced and able to work faster than a novice who charges less.Also be sure to ask for references – particularly from clients in your industry. Call them to find out how satisfied they were with the accountant's services, fees and availability.
Also, hold up your end of the agreement. Don't hand your accountant a shoe box full of receipts. Write down details of all the checks in your check register, whether they are for utilities, supplies and so on. Likewise, identify sources of income on your bank deposit slips. The better you maintain your records, the less time your accountant has to spend and the lower your fees will be.
It's a good idea to meet or at least speak with your accountant every month. Review financial statements and go over problems so you know where your money is going. Your small business accountant should go beyond number-crunching to suggest alternative ways of cutting costs and act as a sounding board.


Setup: Pour a full beer in a bowl, and lean an ice tray on the edge of the bowl. Each person also needs their own beer.
Gameplay: Each person bounces a quarter towards the bowl. If they make it in the right side of the ice tray, they must take as many drinks as notches up the ice tray the quarter came to rest. If they make it on the left side, they pick someone to do this. If they make it in the bowl, the last person to lift their hands to their head in an attempt to make "antlers" must drink the bowl, but they get to make a rule. There is no end to this game, play for as long as you want, but it can get very complicated with more and more rules.


text:
January 6th, Ethics Probe Into Hawley and Cruz 2 Years Later
Nearly two years ago, Democrats filed a complaint about Ted Cruz and Josh Hawley's ethics.
They claimed that the Republicans engaged in "improper behavior" on January 6.
Since then, no one has heard anything from the Senate Ethics Committee. One advocate calls it a "black hole".
A group of Democratic senators filed an ethics complaint in January 2021. complaintAgainst Republican Senators. In relation to the conduct of Ted Cruz of Texas and Josh Hawley from Missouri, the former President Donald Trump's supporters,
The group asked Senate Ethics Committee to determine if the two Republicans, who had each raised objections to the results of the 2020 presidential election in key swing states, had failed "loyalty" to the country or engaged in "improper behavior reflecting on the Senate."
Since then, nobody has heard much about it.
"I have no reason not to believe anything about that, other than the fact that it hasn't been concluded," Democratic Senator Sheldon Whitehouse, Rhode Island, who led the complaintAlong with six other Democratic senators. They spoke to Insider at Capitol December.
He said that the investigation "seems to be ongoing," adding that the Senate Ethics Committee — made up of three senators from each party — makes just two public disclosures: when the panel closes an investigation, or when it makes a determination.
The complaintCruz and Hawley's decision not to object to state certified electors following the riot, while legal, had "lent legitimacy and made it more likely for future violence." They asked the committee to investigate whether senators or their staff had coordinated or not with rally organizers or those storming the Capitol.
"Until then, there will be a cloud over them and this body," reads a complaint asking the committee for "recommendations to strengthen disciplinary action, including the possibility of expulsion or censure, if justified by the facts revealed."
But if you buy the senators' argument, that "cloud of uncertainty" remains two years later — and it doesn't appear likely to lift anytime soon.
Democratic Senator Sheldon Whitehouse, Rhode Island, led the complaint against Cruz & Hawley.
Meredith McGehee is an ethics expert who has long advocated reforms to the committee of watchdog groups. Issue OneThe Campaign Legal Center, believes the public should be realistic about their expectations, arguing the panel is "essentially where ethics complains go to die."
McGehee stated to Insider that he was not saying there aren't behind-the scenes activities. "It's just that nobody knows what that activity is behind the scenes."
This seems to include the subject of the complaint. Hawley told Insider in December that he hadn't heard anything from the committee about the complaint — or about a counter-complaint he filed with the committeeAccusing the Democratic senators with a "partisan abuse" of the Senate's ethics process.
Hawley stated, "Your guesses as good as mine."
Insider reached Cruz's office but was not able to provide any comment.
A "black hole" in which ethics complaints are 'dead'
The bipartisan committee — led by Democratic Chair Sen. Chris Coons of Delaware and Republican Vice-Chair Sen. James Lankford of Oklahoma — is subject to rules that do not allow members to disclose the status of investigations, or even speak about the committee's business generally.
Coons couldn't even answer a general question about whether an investigative action taken during one Congress can carry on to the next (it could).
Coons stated to Insider in December that "I cannot speak a word," despite my best efforts. "I'm sorry. It's literally the rules for the committee."
Democratic Sen. Chris Coons from Delaware and Republican Sen. James Lankford from Oklahoma, who are the chairman and vice president of the Senate Ethics Committee.
Greg Nash and Tom Williams/Getty Images
McGehee said that the committee has become a "black hole".
She said that they "just basically take no meaningful action publically," and likened the panel to the bastion in Senate clubbiness. Often, she said, the committee simply waits for someone to resign, or for some other entity to take action — such as the Department of Justice or local prosecutors — when possible. "There is very little desire to make dirty laundry public.
The committee also includes Democrats Sens. Brian Schatz from Hawaii, Jeanne Shaheen from New Hampshire, and Republican Sens. Jim Risch of Idaho, Deb Fischer of Nebraska.
McGehee speculated that the complaint against Hawley & Cruz was likely too politically controversial for the committee, especially considering the fact that Lankford had already filed it. originally planned to object to Electoral College results himself. She said, "Lord knows his particular view on this."
There has been little evidence in the past two years that Cruz and Hawley were directly involved in the attack on Capitol. The January 6 committee's final report did not reveal any connection between the senators and rally organizers, and made little mention of the senators beyond their public actions — aside from an email from the White House about "2020 fraud" and calls from Rudy Giuliani attempting to persuade the senators to further delay the session.
When asked if he felt confident in the way that the Senate would adjudicate ethics issues, Democratic Senator Tim Kaine of Virginia, one the senators who signed a complaint, responded that he was confident. MembersThe committee.
Kaine said, "I know members of the committee and they take this seriously." "I don't know what has been done, if any."
McGehee stated that the committee is made up of "very nice, competent individuals," even though its performance shows the dangers inherent in self-policing.
A 2018 Issue One report The McGehee report, which was co-authored, makes the problem even clearer: "Keep in Mind that a Committee member might be investigating a colleague, the next day that same member could be asking that colleague for support for a bill/vote," reads the report.
The report points to the Office of Congressional Ethics — an independent body made up of experts that investigates ethics complaints against House members before making referrals to the House Committee on Ethics — as a useful model for the Senate.
McGehee is the minimum. wrote in a separate 2014 letterThe committee could be more transparent in its activities.
Ultimately, McGehee speculated that the committee — seeking to avoid the "kerfuffle" that could come with either pursuing or closing the investigation — would quietly close the investigation sometime in the next two years.
She said, "They'll probably emit some very lowkey letters, is my guess."
When to go short in the cryptocurrency market?
Things to know about finding the best crossfit shoe for wide feet
How to Build Long Term Success for Your Small Business
When Should I Wear a Business Suit?
Ukrainian Surgeon Used Headlamp during Blackouts in Lviv
Biden Distrusts Secret Service About Jan 6 and Dog Bite story: Book
'Wordle' and 'Queen Elizabeth' were among the top 10 Google searches in the US in 2022. Here's the full list.
Microsoft in talks to invest $10B into ChatGPT Owner: Semafor


3750 ALICATE CORTE 160MM REDLINE C.K.
3720165 ALICATE CORTE REDLINE 3720 165MM C.K.
13420 ALICATE UNIVERSAL 3867-A7 C.K.
447 HEKAR 447 JUEGO LLAVES TUBO 9 PZAS.
HT312B HERRAMIENTA PELACABLES RG-58/59/62 3CU.
HT2196 HERRAMIENTA TELEFONICA P/6 METALICA NAR.
HT2198 HERRAMIENTA TELEFONO 8P8C RJ-45 BLIND.
PN2002M PIERGIACOMI PN-2002M ALICATE PUNTAS LAR.
Y032B BARRAS ADHESIVAS 7X100MM PAQUETE 12 UND.
46250 DAVI 46.250 HERRAMIENTA ENGASTAR CONECT.


Mathematical modelling of ball mill charge slippage: Geometric approach Séraphin. C. Abou1, . We generalised the impact energy balance to obtain the equation of the motion of the . Mineral processing, systems modelling and simulation, ball mill, grinding, identification. Introduction In mineral processing, the charge slippage within ball .
ball mill model equations - accmet-project. Ball Mill Modeling Equations Customer Case. ball mill model equations beltconveyers. I am looking for a equation to model .
energy calculation model of ball kinematics based on ball mill span class b serp item mime span. of ball mill and ball motion under the influence of coal load are .
ball mill modeling equations Description : MODELING THE SPECIFIC GRINDING ENERGY AND BALL-MILL . inside the mill. The simplified E-Model .
ball mill model equations - firmountguestsuites General. This model uses the equations from Morrell's 1993 PhD thesis "The are grate discharge and ball mills .
ball mill model equations. wet ball mill grinding efficiency formula . equation to simulation of tower mills,ball mill used for . equation to simulation of tower . Chat Online. worked examples involving bond s equation in grinding mills.
End Mill Modeling Equations  a Mathematical Model for Grinding Ball End Mill . A mathematical model for grinding ball end . To machine a ball end mill, the equation .
grinding mill model design systems. ball mill modeling equations ball mill modeling equations System equations of ball mill design mill is generally used to grind . Read More ball mill with full formula - .
grinding equations in roller mills pdf Technical exploitation parameters of grinding rolls. Milling grain in flour mills is an important first step in producingkey machine in a flour mill is the grinding roll.(Am) was calculated according to the equation:.
ball mill model equations – Grinding Mill China ball mill model equations. wet ball mill grinding efficiency formula - YouTube . 13 Jun 2014 . principle grinding efficiency of ball mill calculation equation .
Mill Ball Influences Output of Ball Mill Essay - 432 Words. Ball mill is suitable for grinding all kinds of ores and other materials, which is widely used in mineral . ball mill equipment equations - .
Optimal control of a ball mill grinding circuit-I .
On-line computations with the full dynamic model require the solution 37 differential equations at every sampling instant. In addition, optimal control calculations may overburden the control computer. . The key elements of the full dynamic model are the population balance model of the ball mill and an empirical model of the .
Grinding in Ball Mills: Modeling and Process Control . Grinding in ball mills is an important technological . balance equations relating to the mass components or . of a model for mill power. The torque required to turn the mill is given by Torque T Mcgdc T f (8.9) Where Mc is the total mass of the charge in the mill and Tf is the torque required .
Grinding in Ball Mills: Modeling and Process . The design of a ball mill can vary significantly depending on the size, the balance equations relating to the mass components or the energy involved in the.
ball mill model equations – Grinding Mill China. ball mill model equations More reliable models for the prediction of the power drawn by ball LG A mill power equation for SAG mills.
ball mill model equations. wet ball mill . principle grinding efficiency of ball mill calculation equation . ball mill design equations and modelling pdf . Get Price Calculate and Select Ball Mill Ball Size for Optimum .
derive the equation of critical speed of ball mill- formula critical speed ball mill,Even if the rotation speed of the company's ball mill is considered to be fixed, we, If the angle α surpasses the critical angle the ball enters region 2 in Figure 23, .
Hybrid Intelligent Modeling Approach for the Ball Mill Grinding Process. ball mill grinding model with a neurofuzzy network to . ball mill modeling equations . Simulation of a ball mill operating with a low .
M.S., Ivanovo State Power University, Russia . consisting of a tube ball mill and a high efficiency separator was introduced . cement plant were used to identify the model's parameters. ... The most common equipment for cement grinding is a ball mill .
ball mill model equations – Grinding Mill China ball mill model equations. wet ball mill grinding efficiency formula - . 13 Jun 2014 bond ball mill work index equation .
Ball Mill Modeling Equations - canei end mill modeling equations - kartazagreba. e model calculations for ball mill . end mill modeling equations . Mali is an rising African market and a lot of customers .
ball mill model equations – Grinding Mill China. ball mill design equations and modelling pdf . (pdf,doc,xls,rtf,ppt,pps documents) . ball mill model equations. . ball mill equation derivation . Get Price And Support Online. ball mill critical speed equation pdf - prahavpohybu.


text:
PROJECT_NAME := dof

include $(IDF_PATH)/make/project.mk


text:
<?php

namespace common\models;

use Yii;

/**
 * This is the model class for table "AccessLogErrorStatus".
 *
 * @property integer $id
 * @property integer $error_status
 * @property string $request_url
 * @property string $user_ip
 * @property string $request_time
 * @property string $add_time
 * @property string $source
 * @property string $log_type
 */
class AccessLogErrorStatus extends \yii\db\ActiveRecord
{
    /**
     * @inheritdoc
     */
    public static function tableName()
    {
        return 'AccessLogErrorStatus';
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc
     */
    public function rules()
    {
        return [
            [['error_status'], 'integer'],
            [['request_url','source','log_type'], 'string'],
            [['request_time', 'add_time'], 'safe'],
            [['user_ip'], 'string', 'max' => 100]
        ];
    }

    /**
     * @inheritdoc
     */
    public function attributeLabels()
    {
        return [
            'id' => 'ID',
            'error_status' => '错误状态',
            'request_url' => ' 访问url',
            'user_ip' => '用户ip',
            'request_time' => ' 访问时间',
            'add_time' => ' 添加时间',
            'source' => ' 来源',
            'log_type' => ' 日志类型',
        ];
    }
}


Published 04/22/2019 09:11:20 am at 04/22/2019 09:11:20 am in Michaels Balsa Wood.
michaels balsa wood 16 by 20 frame michaels x picture frames white signature mat for picture in black 1 artminds plywood strip artminds plywood strip.
x frame michaels picture shadow box black home improvement medium size of x matted frame michaels black canvas x picture home improvement enchanting wooden frames,balsa wood selection good enough for those science olympiad photo of michaels chicago il united states balsa wood selection good, balsa wood sticks michaels wood craft sticks primary colors rev balsa wood sticks michaels photo of ca united states this is what the stock, balsa wood sticks michaels wood craft sticks primary colors rev balsa wood sticks michaels materials book cloth purchased from binders assorted decorative paper purchased from and, wood laser cut out from michaels painted white added cork board wood laser cut out from michaels painted white added cork board, wooden box by artminds , round wood blocks wood shaping blocks exotic wood blocks for carving round , laras crafts wood discs , tips wooden crates michaels for inspiring storage design ideas wine crates michaels wooden crates michaels michaels wooden crate, wooden stick balsa wood sticks home depot kuapp wooden , wanna in el paso .


I apologize for the lack of a Sunday Night TV Preview…There was The Amazing Race, which was entertaining, yet disappointing who came in last….Apparently while sitting at those tasks for hours when they are confused, even if the clue tells them that spelling counts, they never think to double check at least once. How did Rob or Amber not check "The Phillipines"….they deserved to be eliminated if they didn't catch that. Battlestar is still on the Tivo….it wasn't all that exciting while I was watching, but I was pretty distracted while searching for apartments online…..Anyway, let's get to it!
24-At least I'm forgetting what's in the previews, because they always seem to spoil a lot. Last we saw, wasn't that one Russian guard shot before he could talk to CTU? I think we get a visit to the ex-Mrs. Logan tonight. Other than that, should be an entertaining hour….as always!
Prison Break– On a break…no new episode this week!
The Riches– I saw a preview for this one, and never got a chance to watch the pilot online. Still, I'm intrigued. It's not like I need another TV show to watch, do I? Sure….there's always room.
This new FX dramedy, created by playwright Dmitry Lipkin, follows the exploits of Wayne (actor/comedian Eddie Izzard) and Dahlia (Minnie Driver, "Will & Grace") Malloy and their children Cael (Noel Fisher), Dehliah (Shannon Woodward) and Sam (Aidan Mitchell). The Malloys are a family of gypsy travelers, conning unsuspecting "buffers" (their term for ordinary, law-abiding citizens) out of money while driving the country in their beat-up RV. But when their RV runs a car off the road — killing its occupants — Wayne senses a golden opportunity; soon, the Malloys adopt the persona of the deceased couple (attorney Doug Rich and his wife Cherien), move with the kids into a fancy gated community and start a con like none they've ever pulled.
That's it folks…..at least March Madness should fill some of the voids of this current repeat and showless time! I just realized, no Survivor this week…or next! What to do?!
Anyone interested in joining an yahoo NCAA tournament challenge group leave a comment with your email and i'll invite you to join the league, we only have 5 members so far, and I'm looking for some competition.


text:
Q: Automatic logout of Android App I know there are several answers to this question, but it isn't working for me, currently my code is:
public class LogoutService extends Service {

    public static CountDownTimer timer;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(){
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onCreate();
        timer = new CountDownTimer(1 * 60 * 1000, 1000) {
            public void onTick(long millisUntilFinished) {
                //Some code
                Log.v(TAG, "Service Started");
            }

            public void onFinish() {
                Log.v(TAG, "Call Logout by Service");
                // Code for Logout
                stopSelf();
            }
        };
    }
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }
}

and in every activity I have:
@Override
protected void onResume() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    super.onResume();

    LogoutService.timer.start();
}

@Override
protected void onStop() {
    // TODO Auto-generated method stub
    super.onStop();
    LogoutService.timer.cancel();
}

But I get a "Unable to resume activity java.lang.NullPointerException: Attempt to invoke virtual method 'android.os.CountDownTimer android.os.CountDownTimer.start()' on a null object reference" when I try to start any of my activities that contain this code. My application isn't too complicated, it's completely offline, so no web service calls or anything, I just need to go back to my login activity after x minutes. Anyone have any ideas?
Here's the one I used: Auto logout after X minutes, Android and http://androidjug.blogspot.com/2015/10/auto-logout-after-15-minutes-due-to.html

A: You aren't starting the service, so you aren't allocating the timer.  Really you should not be using a static for this.


text:
package org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.codesystems;

// Generated on Tue, Dec 6, 2016 09:42-0500 for FHIR v1.8.0

import org.hl7.fhir.dstu3.model.EnumFactory;

public class ConceptPropertiesEnumFactory implements EnumFactory<ConceptProperties> {

  public ConceptProperties fromCode(String codeString) throws IllegalArgumentException {
    if (codeString == null || "".equals(codeString))
      return null;
    if ("inactive".equals(codeString))
      return ConceptProperties.INACTIVE;
    if ("deprecated".equals(codeString))
      return ConceptProperties.DEPRECATED;
    if ("notSelectable".equals(codeString))
      return ConceptProperties.NOTSELECTABLE;
    if ("parent".equals(codeString))
      return ConceptProperties.PARENT;
    if ("child".equals(codeString))
      return ConceptProperties.CHILD;
    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown ConceptProperties code '"+codeString+"'");
  }

  public String toCode(ConceptProperties code) {
    if (code == ConceptProperties.INACTIVE)
      return "inactive";
    if (code == ConceptProperties.DEPRECATED)
      return "deprecated";
    if (code == ConceptProperties.NOTSELECTABLE)
      return "notSelectable";
    if (code == ConceptProperties.PARENT)
      return "parent";
    if (code == ConceptProperties.CHILD)
      return "child";
    return "?";
  }

    public String toSystem(ConceptProperties code) {
      return code.getSystem();
      }

}


Bike Description Specialized S-Works Tarmac, Size 52. Orange, black and white. Shimano Ultegra 6800 gearing, Specialized carbon racing aero fly handlebars (with black tape with orange spots) Specialized S-Works Power Exp Saddle, Shimano ultegra pedals, DT Swiss PR1400 Dicut Oxic clincher wheels. Black Kask helmet.
Theft Details Locked it to a pole (through the rear wheel and frame - with my helmet) on Meagher St outside Ester Restaurant at 6.15pm. I came out of Ester at 8:41pm and the bike was gone.


MPR received a request from a nuclear power plant to conduct a full scale test to demonstrate that its emergency diesel generator (EDG) was capable of operating for an extended period of time at no load. The original equipment manufacturer (OEM) had stated that it was unacceptable to operate its engines for long periods of time with little or no load on the engine generator set. Since the EDG is not required to produce full rated power during most accident conditions, the USNRC was concerned that the engine would not support its long-term plant safety mission.
MPR developed a project plan to assist the plant in addressing the regulator's concern. MPR then took the responsibility to fly the plant's 5,000 bhp, 20-ton spare engine back to the factory in Europe along with 800 gallons of engine lubricating oil. MPR supervised the engine disassembly and inspection before testing. Following installation on a factory test stand, the engine was operated continuously at no load for one week (168 hours). The engine, connected to a water brake, was then loaded to its 100% rating within one minute and then run for two hours without incident. The engine was disassembled following the testing and re-inspected for signs of wear or damage and none was found. Following the test, MPR arranged for the return shipment of the engine to the nuclear power plant.
MPR prepared a final report describing the details of the shipping, disassembly, inspection, testing and re-inspection of the engine. The project was a complete success for the nuclear power plant in that it resolved the regulator's concern and no findings were issued.


Adrift Best Romantic: A true story of survival. A young couple's chance encounter leads them first to love. And then on the adventure of a lifetime as they face one of the most catastrophic hurricanes in recorded history.


text:
HOLES IN THE SHAPE OF MY FATHER
UTR 23 - HOLES IN THE SHAPE OF MY FATHER
Shiva Theater January 11 & January 14, 2023 50 Minutes
Written and Performed by Savon Bartley
Developed in part with the #BARS Workshop at The Public Theater
What spirals when an absent father reaches out to his son over Instagram with no apologies, no remorse, and 20 years' worth of unanswered questions? Savon Bartley unravels the nuances of boys who grew up without a father. Told by the son of a mother who tried, HOLES IN THE SHAPE OF MY FATHER is the myth and miracle of boys becoming men.
WED 01/11 7:00 PM
SAT 01/14 7:00 PM
Savon Bartley
Savon Bartley is a black American poet, playwright, and performer from North Chicago, IL. As a poet his work has been highlighted in The New York Times, Slate Magazine, Afropunk, Great Weather For Media, and The Odyssey. As a playwright he is a writer in residence at The Public Theater and a member of the Devised Theater Working Group. His plays have been highlighted in Broadway World, Playbill, and showcased at the Under The Radar festival. From The Apollo Theater to the United States General Assembly, Bartley has been an internationally touring artist for the better part of a decade.
Adam Coy
Andie Lerner
Developed in part with the #BARS Workshop at The Public Theater.


Select Sector SPDR® holding S&P 500 stocks in the Consumer Staples sector. Component industries include Food & Staples Retailing, Food, Beverage & Tobacco producers, and Household and Personal Products companies. The fund seeks investment results that, before expenses, generally correspond to the price and yield performance of the benchmark index. For product information and a prospectus visit www.sectorspdr.com.
There are 666 funds in the US Equities category, with an average ALTAR Score™ of 5.7% and a standard deviation of 2.2%. XLP's ALTAR Score™ is approximately 0.1 standard deviations below the category average. This places XLP in the 45th percentile among funds in the category.


text:
for Work?
for Staff?
WorkBC
Home / Success Story / WorkBC Assists Displaced Persons from the Ukraine to Find Their First Jobs in Canada
WorkBC Assists Displaced Persons from the Ukraine to Find Their First Jobs in Canada
First Job in Canada
Accessing On-the-Job Training
Ready and Keen to Work
First Professional Job in the Accounting Field
Volunteers needed for equine therapy at Maple Ridge riding association
'If you want to buy a house, get into the skilled trades': Mercier
Airport Day returns to Pitt Meadows
Langley School District to bring in uncertified substitute teachers amid shortage
HR manager among top trending jobs for 2023
Olha is a displaced Ukrainian who arrived in Canada in August 2022. She has over 6 years of experience in the pharmaceutical industry and came to WorkBC Langley looking for assistance to obtain a customer service position.
Although Olha reads and writes English well, she needs some time to improve her English speaking skills. WorkBC provided her support with her job search and in making connections with employers in the customer service sector. Once she had her job search materials in place, Olha was referred to the Russian / Ukrainian speaking Employment Placement Specialist (EPS) who invited Olha to a hiring event at the WorkBC Centre.
The EPS supported Olha with multiple interviews with employers at the event. Otter Coop in Aldergrove invited Olha for a second in-person interview. Olha was successful and began her first job in Canada as a Grocery Clerk in October 2022. As Olha has very limited financial means, WorkBC provided her with transportation support for the first two weeks of her employment.
Olha is very happy with her new job and with the assistance she received from the staff at the Langley WorkBC Centre. Congratulations!
This program is funded by the Government of Canada and the Province of British Columbia.
This website is operated and maintained by a private sector provider of WorkBC Employment Services contracted by the Government of the Province of British Columbia. The operation and maintenance of this website is not the responsibility of the Government of the Province of British Columbia or the Ministry of Social Development and Poverty Reduction. For technical support respecting this website, please contact info@workbc-langley.com
Our WorkBC Centre team inspires participants to improve their working lives through active engagement and participation within our Centre's services. Our Team is also committed to providing a meaningful experience resulting in sustainable employment. If we have not provided you with the supports that you required, we want to learn more.
We are committed to:
Providing a prompt response – within one business day
Treating you with courtesy and respect
Working together to resolve your concern quickly
Providing you with weekly updates if the resolution process takes more than 5 business days
As a participant, you have the right to prompt confidential service. You also have the right to services that are both inclusive and accessible. If you are not happy with the services:
Discuss your situation with the person directly involved
Express your situation calmly and respectfully
Work together to resolve the situation
All complaints and decision review requests coming from Members of Parliament or Members of the Legislative Assembly on behalf of their constituents, from the media, other ministries or from the Government of Canada, will be referred to the Ministry. The Ministry will work with the Contractor in responding to issues of this nature.
Resolving your Issue
Many disputes can be solved at the time they occur.
Step 1: Once you have spoken with the WorkBC team member about the issue at hand and have received documentation of the outcome but disagree with the resolution;
Step 2: Request to discuss your issue with the Langley WorkBC Program Manager who will listen, ask questions, and consider the situation. They will work with you to explore options leading to a successful resolution;
Step 3: If you are not satisfied with the documented resolutions discussed, the Program Manager will inform a Neutral Third-Party reviewer to start the formal dispute resolution process.
Formal Dispute Resolution Process
If you are not satisfied with the outcome, you may request a formal review by a Neutral Third-Party Reviewer. The Reviewer will:
Address your concern in a fair and transparent manner
Maintain records and document the process
Program Manager will notify the Ministry of Social Development and Poverty Reduction when a complaint has been escalated to the Neutral Third Party.
Process of Requesting a Formal Review
Send a letter to the Neutral Third Party
We recommend that you be specific and provide the key information and facts
The request should be submitted within 20 business days of the date the resolution was provided by the Program Manager.
The Neutral Third Party will review your request and investigate.
If the resolution process takes longer than 10 business days you will receive weekly updates until the issue is resolved.
The Neutral Third Party will contact you and explain the final decision. Written notification will be provided to you. As services are provided based on assessed need and eligibility, rather than entitlement, there is no option for Clients who disagree with Neutral Third Party's decision to appeal to the Ministry. The decision at the end of a formal review is final.
All Client-related complaints, concerns and decision-review requests are documented in the Integrated Case Management (ICM) system as they occur, including: date, nature of issue, outcome and date of resolution.