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Q: My c++ program won't read multiple files from the command line I have a c++ program that is meant to read two files representing matrices. It will only read in one of the files. Both files just contain a matrix of floats. The program is meant to read in two matrices and multiply them together and print out the result to the command line. Here is the code for the program.
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>

using std::cin;
using std::cout;
using std::cerr;
using std::endl;
using std::ofstream;

#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

void readArr(int, int, double **);
void multArrs(int, double **, int, double **, int, double **);
void printResult(int, double **, int);

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  //read in the number of rows and columns
  int ar = atoi(argv[1]);
  int ac = atoi(argv[2]);
  int br = atoi(argv[3]);
  int bc = atoi(argv[4]);

  if (ac != br)
  {
    cerr<< "Matrix dimensions mismatch; exiting.\n";
    exit(-1);
  }

  // reserve space for the three arrays
  double **A = new double*[ar]; // each el. of this points to a row of A
  for (int i = 0; i < ar; i++)
    A[i] = new double[ac];  // a row of 'ac' floats

  double **B = new double*[br];
  for (int i = 0; i < br; i++)
    B[i] = new double[bc];  // a row of 'bc' floats

  double **C = new double*[ar];
   for (int i = 0; i < ar; i++)
    C[i] = new double[bc];  // each el. of this points to a row of C

  readArr(ar, ac, A);
  readArr(br, bc, B);
  multArrs(ar, A, bc, B, ac, C);
  printResult(ar, C, bc);

}
//read in the matrix from the command line
void readArr(int r, int c, double **arr)
{
for (int i = 0; i < r; ++i) {
    for (int j = 0; j < c; ++j) {
        std::cin>> arr[i][j];
        cout << " \n" << arr[i][j];
    }
}
}

void multArrs(int ar, double **A, int bc, double **B, int br, double **C)
{
    for(int i=0; i<ar; ++i)
    for(int j=0; j<bc; ++j)
    for(int k=0; k<br; ++k)
    {
        C[i][j]+=A[i][k]*B[k][j];
    }
}

void printResult(int r1, double **C, int c1)
{
cout << endl << "Output Matrix: " << endl;
    for(int i=0; i<r1; ++i)
    for(int j=0; j<c1; ++j)
    {
        cout << " " << C[i][j];
        if(j==c1-1)
            cout << endl;
    }
}

The program is ran with the following command : ./matmult 3 3 3 3 <matrix1 <matrix2
It will only read in matrix2 and places it in the first double array and then the second double array just contains 0's. The matrix file looks like this:
2.0 3.0 1.0
6.0 2.0 2.0
7.0 3.0 5.0

Thanks for any insight ye can provide. I have tried searching for an answer but I can't find one. Also the matrices have to be read in using < matrix1

A: In this way you can pass only one input file, because it is redirect of standard input. So this is why program reads only second matrix, because it read only last statement. Please use file names as arguments and open files in source code or merge two files into one.

A: Since you are using shell specific features for this, the two redirects after each other it would be good to know what OS and what shell you are using. I would instead use the file names as arguments and open the files from within the program.

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Interested in acting? Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander? Want to have fun and meet deadly people?
In 2017, we partnered with a range of outstanding organisations to provide a three day theatre workshop for Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander people who are considering studying acting. The workshops were led by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal artists to provide an insight into how participants can become professional actors or arts workers. Over three days, participants will meet with a variety of key people in the industry, learnt what is involved in studying acting, develop acting and auditioning skills, met like minded people and have fun. No experience necessary!
The Acting Skills Workshop ran in August 2017, with catering and transport provided. If you're interested in partnering with us on a workshop series, please contact us.
"Nobody tells you what to expect in an audition so you kind of just go in blind so it's good to know just a few key things that might help you get in or get the part".
"It brings out someone's shame, it brings it out and there's no shame".
This project was developed by ActNow Theatre in partnership with Yunggorendi Student Engagement, Flinders University Drama Centre, Adelaide College of the Arts, State Theatre Company of South Australia and Kurruru Arts and Culture Hub, and is supported by the Aboriginal Benefits Foundation and Arts South Australia.


Makhachkala, October 19, 2015. In Dagestan, a number of companies engaged into commercial extraction of sand once again returned to their activities after the elimination of all violations, an official of the republican Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment told.
Soon, three more companies will resume supply of sand to the construction sites of the republic. Earlier the works for the extraction of sand had been temporarily prohibited by the law enforcement authorities due to the lack of financial statements, cash registers, waybills for the transportation of sand, labor agreements, registers, etc.


Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. The tags contain electronically stored information. Passive tags collect energy from a nearby RFID reader's interrogating radio waves. Active tags have a local power source such as a battery and may operate hundreds of meters away from the RFID reader. Unlike a barcode, the tag need not be within the line of sight of the reader, so it may be embedded in the tracked object. RFID is one method for Automatic Identification and Data Capture (AIDC). RFID tags are used in many industries, for example, an RFID tag attached to an automobile during production can be used to track its progress through the assembly line; RFID-tagged pharmaceuticals can be tracked through warehouses; and implanting RFID microchips in livestock and pets allows for positive identification of animals.
• Park and walk – payments debited automatically.
• Stops abuse of disabled driver parking bays..
• Ideal for resident permits.
• RFID tag permits; instant identification of misuse of space.
• RFID tag pairs a specific class of driver to specific locations.
• Local businesses get improved footfall as parking capacity is maximised.


Our Oatmeal handmade soap is a pure, unscented bar that gently exfoliates your skin, leaving it soft, supple and nourished. After experiencing this bar, you'll understand why oatmeal has been used as a beauty product for generations. It soothes irritations, absorbs impurities and restores skin's natural balance. This one makes an excellent facial bar!


Raptors Uprising GC overcame a slow start to pick up an 81-77 win over Warriors Gaming Squad on Saturday afternoon.
Warriors Gaming (1-7) had a chance to move themselves out of the bottom of the 2K League standings with a win against Raptors Uprising (4-6) heading into THE TICKET. It could have moved the Warriors out of last place and, more importantly, out of the dreaded play-in game next week. From the outset, it looked as though they were going to do just that as Vert and LYKaPRO were leading Warriors Gaming to an early 21-12 lead after the first quarter.
Once the second quarter got underway, however, it was off to the races for a furious Raptors Uprising squad who put together a solid three quarters to snuff out Warriors Gaming in this one. The second quarter started a bit rough as Raptors Uprising struggled on the defensive end, but it wasn't long before they started outpacing Warriors Gaming at every turn. With some blistering three-point shooting in the second half (they finished 12-of-21 from beyond the arc by game's end), Raptors Uprising had an advantage that led them to victory.
By the time Raptors Uprising took a 59-58 lead into the fourth quarter, all five members had crossed the double-digit threshold as they just couldn't seem to miss. Try as Warriors Gaming did, they were unable to match Raptors Uprising down the stretch as they picked up the big win.
While LYKaPRO and Vert finished with 23 and 27, respectively, the all-around production from Raptors Uprising was just too much to handle. Whether it was the 20 point & 10 assist double-double from Kenny, the 13 point & 10 rebound double-double from KingQuai614, or the 22-point explosion from TsJosh, Raptors Uprising bested Warriors Gaming when it counted with a 63 percent shooting outing to take home the W.


UK defense company BAE Systems announced it is investing £20 million into the development of augmented reality and artificial intelligence which will improve the capability of future combat systems.
As explained by the company, the innovations will help naval personnel improve their decision making in the future battlespace, allowing them to respond more readily to threats. They will also be designed so a vessel's combat systems can be updated, helping to maintain operational effectiveness and reduce through-life support costs.
Part of the investment will see the integration of AR into the bridges of naval ships, through products such as wearable AR glasses. This will allow an Officer of the Watch, who is responsible for the ship's safety, to work outside of the operations room and still be able to see tactical situation data and other vital information from anywhere on the ship.
This ability could result in information such as the location of friendly vessels or other data being overlaid onto a real world view, giving crews enhanced situational awareness. The use of augmented reality would allow the officer to spend more time maintaining a 'heads-up' visual lookout without the need to refer to a console or rely on clarifications from his crew – instead, taking control of situations with increased effectiveness and adaptability.
The company said it is also enhancing the Shared Infrastructure technology it develops on behalf of the Royal Navy by introducing 'open systems' architecture. Open architecture technology will work in a similar way to a consumer 'app store', allowing crews to deploy new capabilities, increasing their flexibility and ability to respond to emerging situations in the future battlespace.
The system will allow a ship's combat systems to be quickly reconfigured to suit the requirements of specific operations.
Artificial intelligence aids are also being added into combat systems, allowing their users to quickly process data and reach decisions faster. Artificial intelligence aids will provide crew with the most important information as well as recommended courses of action.
Posted on November 22, 2018 with tags AI, BAe Systems, Royal Navy.


MEMPHIS, TN – Agricenter International is embarking on a Strategic Business Plan and Conceptual Master Plan. The public is invited to attend a drop-in on January 29, 2018 from 4:30-6:30pm at Ducks Unlimited on the Agricenter Campus.
This Strategic Business Plan and Conceptual Master Plan will serve as the guide for the next 20 years of growth. The goal is to have it completed by May 2018. The plan is funded by a local Anonymous Foundation, FedEx Corporation, Shelby County Commission, Agricenter International, Helena Chemical, and Asgrow.
Long range goals for Agricenter are to serve as a hub for agricultural networking and innovation, to showcase food and fiber as a pathway to increased educational and career opportunities, and to promote the efficacy and commercialization of new agricultural technologies and practices. Agricenter will be positioned as a leading center of agricultural innovation, education, and outreach that works in the nexus of environmental sustainability, water, soil, urban-rural interface, technology, poverty, and entrepreneurship.
Point A will be joined by two internationally recognized partners: Nelson Byrd Woltz Landscape Architects (NBW) of New York City and Charlottesville, and HR&A Advisors, Inc. from New York City.
Point A started this project in 2016 with a preliminary assessment. In addition to Spalding and Dawn Riley, team members include: Mark Scholl, president of his farm holding company and Chairman of the Farm Foundation Board of Directors, with experience both as a start-up entrepreneur and agribusiness executive; and Bill Morlok, who collaborates with Point A on research park engagements across the country, and has pioneered in establishing the concept of Knowledge Communities as the standard for next generation research parks.
Agricenter International, the education, agribusiness, research and agricultural hub of the Mid-South has a $524 million annual economic impact on the region, hosts over 1.3 million visitors annually, and has educated tens of thousands of students. For more information visit www.agricenter.org or call 901-757-7777.


You have but an opinion, like many before you and like many after but just an opinion. Yours is a faith a belief that Jesus wasn't who He and others described Him as.
What does any of this have to do with philosophy or metaphysics?
If Jesus was God then ultimately he did not really die.
There is no such thing as Hell. That's just another part of Chrsitianity's control mechanism, to frighten ignorant peasants into compliance. It's no different than the Mob "persuasion" to hit up small businesses for "protection money." These tactics would put anyone else into prison, but Christianity gets a pass. It's a disgrace.
I live in New Jersey. There is only Heaven.
This guy didn't do anything but inspire generations of crazy people to do crazy things and pester other people for no reason. It's just another creepy cult.
Golden rule is for suckers.
One word which sums up the basis of all good conduct … loving-kindness.
that which he loves for himself.
Torah; all the rest is commentary. Go and learn it.


Following the Wednesday screening of At Eternity's Gate, di Rosa nonprofit contemporary art center Executive Director Robert Sain will lead an interactive conversation with the audience. Don't miss this unique post-screening experience.
The screening of this film is available to all passholders. $20 Rush tickets can be purchased at the door if seats are still available after passholders have been admitted.
Julian Schnabel wrote and directed Basquiat, which was in the official selection of the 1996 Venice Film Festival. Julian's second film, Before Night Falls won the Grand Jury Prize at the 2000 Venice Film Festival. Julian's third film, The Diving Bell and the Butterfly, earned him Best Director at the Cannes Film Festival and Best Director at the Golden Globe Awards.


SEATTLE – Walter Dean Myers is the winner of the 2019 Children's Literature Legacy Award honoring an author or illustrator, published in the United States, whose books have made a substantial and lasting contribution to literature for children. His numerous works include "Fast Sam, Cool Clyde, and Stuff" (Viking, 1975) and "Monster" (HarperCollins, 1999).
The award was announced today, during the American Library Association (ALA) Midwinter Meeting & Exhibits in Seattle, Washington. The award is administered annually by the Association for Library Service to Children (ALSC), a division of the ALA.
"With vast literary talent and deep empathy for young readers, Walter Dean Myers created shelves full of books over the course of his half-century career that were groundbreaking, distinctive, and vital," said Children's Literature Legacy Award Committee Chair Andrew Medlar.
Born in West Virginia in 1937, Myers was raised in Harlem where he "found solace in books." After serving in the U.S. Army he began writing in the 1960s, eventually publishing more than 100 titles for young people. He lived with his family for many years in Jersey City, New Jersey, often creating books collaboratively with his son, Christopher. Walter Dean Myers died in 2014.
A prolific and versatile writer who exemplified excellence in many forms, including biography, fiction, history, and poetry, Myers brought profound insight to his vivid portrayals of Black culture and Black lives, especially those of boys and young men, capturing their language and concerns, struggles and successes. With a particular brilliance for humor and curiosity, his work reminds readers, without preaching, that they always have choices.
One of his most valued works is "Scorpions" (HarperCollins, 1988), a Newbery Honor Award winner, in which 12-year-old Jamal draws on his artistic talents and best friend Tito to cope with the realistically portrayed effects of racial stereotyping, gang influence, and institutional indifference. In "Scorpions," Myers' compassion for his characters' experiences and dreams demonstrates his understanding and respect for all children.
Members of the 2019 Children's Literature Legacy Award Committee are Chair Andrew Medlar, New York Public Library; Dr. Rudine Sims Bishop, The Ohio State University; Carol Arlene Edwards, Denver; Amy Kellman, Children's Literature Consultant, Pittsburgh; and Dr. Cindy A. Lombardo, Richfield, Ohio.
For more information on the Children's Literature Legacy Award and other ALA literary awards, please visit www.ala.org/yma.


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Pirapora es un municipio brasileño de Minas Gerais, localizado a aproximadamente a 340km (kilómetros) de la capital, Belo Horizonte. Es el segundo mayor polo industrial del norte de Minas Gerais, 33.ª economía exportadora del estado, y 2.ºPIB norte-mineiro. Destaca por sus industrias de ferrosilicio, silicio metálico, aleaciones de hierro y de aluminio, y tejidos, que son los principales productos exportados desde el municipio.

Etimología
Su nombre tiene origen tupí y significa 'Salto del pez', a través de la unión de los términos pirá ('pez') y pora ('salto'). El nombre hace referencia a que, en el periodo de desove de los peces, éstos saltan sobre el agua para vencer las corrientes fluviales y, de este modo, poder alcanzar la cabecera de los ríos, que son lugares más propicios para el desove.

Historia
Los indios cariris habrían subido el Río San Francisco, movidos por el temor a la aproximación de los blancos por el litoral brasileño y acosados por las tribus vecinas. Llegaron al área que hoy corresponde al municipio de Pirapora, se establecieron frente a la cascada, construyendo su aldea justamente en el local donde actualmente se sitúa la Plaza Cariris-Centro. Fueron llegando sucesivamente a la localidad unos pocos garimpeiros, pescadores, pequeños ganaderos y aventureros que se dedicaban a diversas actividades y vivían en cabañas cubiertas de paja de buriti, construidas siguiendo el estilo indígena. La principal de estas actividades era la pesca, siendo comercializado pescado secado en tendederos, con arrieros que exigían otras regiones. Estos habitantes pioneros se fueron trasladando paulatinamente a la localidad, ejerciendo y desarrollando sus funciones, constituyendo sus familias y, finalmente, estableciendo sus residencias en forma definitiva en la región.

Navegación
Antes del siglo XX, solamente barcos y canoas podían llegar hasta el poblado de São Gonçalo de Pirapora. Las grandes embarcaciones. La navegación a vapor por el río San Francisco comenzó en 1871, pero solamente a partir de 1902 los vapores «Saldanha Marinho» y «Mata Machado» iniciaron el tráfico regular con el poblado.

Durante el ciclo minero, el río San Francisco fue un importante medio de transporte para abastecer a la región de minas. Las mercancías salieron de Bahía río arriba y, cuando terminó el tramo navegable, se dirigieron por tierra a los centros mineros. La ciudad nació justo en el punto de transferencia, en la margen derecha del río, aguas abajo de la cascada Pirapora.

Formación administrativa
El distrito de Pirapora fue creado en 1847, en el municipio de Várzea da Palma y, seis años después, en 1853, fue anexado al municipio de Curvelo. En 1873, pasó a formar parte del municipio de Jequitaí, y volvió a pertenecer a Curvelo en 1875. En 1884, fue nuevamente anexado a Jequitaí. Como resultado de la Ley Provincial 44, perdió su condición de distrito, recuperándola en 1891, por la Ley Estatal Segunda, de 14 de septiembre, que creó nuevamente el distrito con el nombre de São Gonçalo das Tabocas y sede en el pueblo de Pirapora.

El 30 de agosto de 1911, se creó el municipio mediante la Ley del Estado 556 y, cuatro años después, el 18 de septiembre de 1915 (Ley 663), la sede municipal ganó los foros de la ciudad. Según la división administrativa actual, el municipio consta de dos distritos: Pirapora y Buritizeiro.

Hasta 1936, Pirapora fue el término del distrito de Curvelo. El distrito de Pirapora fue creado por Decreto 545, de 19 de marzo de 1936. Según la división judicial vigente, los términos de Jequitaí, Lassance y Várzea da Palma están subordinados a él.

Microrregión
El área de influencia de Pirapora es de aproximadamente 23113km² (kilómetros cuadrados), y su población supera los 150000 habitantes. La microrregión del municipio consta de nueve ciudades: Buritizeiro, Várzea da Palma, Ibiaí, Jequitaí, São Romão, Lassance, Riachinho, Santa Fé de Minas y Lagoa dos Patos. Pirapora está bajo la jurisdicción de la Agencia de Desarrollo del Nordeste, y está representada por la Asociación de Municipios de la Cuenca del San Francisco.

Geografía

Clima
Según datos del INMET, la temperatura mínima registrada en Pirapora fue de 3,0°C, ocurrida el día 18 de julio de 1926. La máxima fue de 40,7°C, observada los días 28 de octubre de 2008 y 31 de octubre de 2012. El mayor nivel de precipitaciones registrado en 24 horas en la ciudad fue de 166,4mm (milímetros), el 21 de diciembre de 1943.

Ubicación
El municipio se encuentra en la intersección de las siguientes coordenadas: latitud 17°21′55″ al sur del ecuador, y longitud 44°56′59″ al oeste del meridiano de Greenwich, insertado en la microrregión norte del estado de Minas Gerais, en la margen derecha de la zona del Alto Medio San Francisco, ocupando un área territorial de 582km² (kilómetros cuadrados), y destacándose como un polo microrregional.

Economía
Pirapora es el segundo polo de industrialización más grande del norte de Minas Gerais, por lo que se clasifica como una ciudad de tamaño mediano en cuanto a su estructura y funcionalidad dentro de su microrregión, es decir, por su capacidad de producción y prestación de servicios. El municipio tiene una economía sólida que lo diferencia de otras ciudades vecinas, como polo industrial, proveedor de servicios y generador de empleo e ingresos. Ubicado a 340km (kilómetros) al norte de Belo Horizonte, Pirapora marca el punto de partida de la navegación en el río San Francisco. Es el segundo centro industrial más grande de la región minera del Valle de San Francisco, y tiene un comercio activo y rotativo. Las industrias textil y metalúrgica son los principales empleadores de mano de obra industrial. La pesca, el turismo y la fruticultura de regadío también forman parte de la economía local, con la producción de uva como buque insignia. La producción de frutas genera para Pirapora y la región innumerables empleos, moviendo así la economía local.

Exportaciones

Favorecida por su localización estratégica en las márgenes de las carreteras BR-365, BR-496 y por la línea de ferrocarril Ferrovia Centro-Atlântica que une el municipio al Porto de Tubarão en el estado de Espírito Santo, la ciudad destaca en la producción y exportación de ferrosilicio, silicio metálico, aleaciones de hierro y aluminio y tejidos. Según datos del Ministério do Desenvolvimento, Indústria e Comércio Exterior de 2011, el municipio amplió sus exportaciones de 183600000,00 millones de reales en 2010 a 342200000,00 millones de reales en 2011.

Empresas
La ciudad alberga varias empresas:
 Cedro Têxtil
 Cerâmica Pirapora
 Inonibrás (inoculantes y ferroaleaciones)
 Emifor  (alimentos)
 Liasa  (silicio metálico)
 Minasligas (ferroaleaciones y silicio metálico)
 NovaAgri (almacenamiento y flujo)
 Real Minas Têxtil (productos hospitalarios)
 Ferrovia Centro Atlântica [FCA] / Vale (terminal intermodal)

Educación
La ciudad cuenta con diversas instituciones de enseñanza técnica y superior. Entre otras:

 UNIMONTES - Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros
 FAC FUNAM - Faculdade de Ciência e Tecnologia da FUNAM
 ULBRA - Universidad Luterana de Brasil
 UNOPAR - Universidade Norte do Paraná
 UNIP - Universidade Paulista
 IFNMG - Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais
 FUNAM - Fundação Nacional Alto Medio São Francisco
 SENAC - Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Comercial
 SENAI - Serviço Nacional de Aprendizagem Industrial

Transporte
 Viação Osasco Ltda
 Viação Novo Horizonte
 Viação Gontijo
 Ferraz Trindade
 Expresso União
 Rápido Turismo Ltda

Turismo
Es una ciudad de playa fluvial y cascadas, por lo que atrae a turistas de todo el país. Hay un carnaval animado en febrero y otro carnaval temprano también de mucha aglomeración. Su playa tiene aguas cristalinas de junio a octubre. Tiene un puerto fluvial y ahora tiene vapor para excursiones y viajes turísticos.

Festivales regionales
Encuentro Nacional de Motociclistas

Es un evento que suele tener lugar entre mayo y junio, y que reúne a motociclistas de todo el país. Actualmente, está presente el motoclub «Kalangos do sertão».

Expociap/Fiesta de la uva

Evento que se realiza en septiembre, en el que empresarios del gremio presentan sus ideas para mejorar el comercio local. Cuenta con desfiles de moda, comidas típicas y ferias artesanales.

Feria agroindustrial

La Feria Agroindustrial de Pirapora y la región se realizó por primera vez en 2012 y, desde entonces, se ha repetido todos los años en septiembre. La feria se realiza en el Parque de Exposiciones de Pirapora, y está organizada por la Unión de Productores Rurales de la ciudad, junto con el apoyo de empresarios y el Ayuntamiento municipal. Tiene como objetivo dar a conocer novedades en el sector de maquinaria e implementos agrícolas, promover mesas de negocios, almacenes de vacas, potros y toros, remate de ganado, y charlas, teniendo además durante todo el evento la presencia de bancos para financiamiento y condiciones especiales para los que decidan realizar compras durante el evento.

Sinfonía de Velho Chico

Evento que se realiza una vez al mes, y que consiste en la presentación de la Banda Sinfónica Juvenil de Pirapora a bordo del barco de vapor Benjamim Guimarães, bajo la dirección del director Alex Domingos. Cuenta con la ejecución de varios números musicales, comidas típicas y puestos artesanales.

Barco de vapor Benjamim Guimarães
El barco de vapor fue construido en 1913, en Estados Unidos, por la empresa  Navegó en el río Misisipi y, posteriormente, en ríos de la Cuenca Amazónica. En la década de 1920, el buque se ensambló en el puerto de Pirapora.

En la actualidad, el Benjamim, el única barco de vapor que aún funciona en el mundo, realiza viajes públicos de ida y vuelta los domingos a las  desde el puerto de Pirapora al río das Velhas, en Barra do Guaicuí, distrito de Várzea da Palma.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Localidades de Minas Gerais

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Home/News/UPDATED- New videos, photos & fireground audio from 5-alarm fire in Rochester, New York. Second fire of the day at a Family Dollar. Lookout broadcast for suspect.
UPDATED- New videos, photos & fireground audio from 5-alarm fire in Rochester, New York. Second fire of the day at a Family Dollar. Lookout broadcast for suspect.
Above is raw video from the fire at Ridge-Clinton Plaza taken by DemocratandChronicle.com.
Monroe County Fire Wire has fireground audio from both fires and a series of pictures (Video from MCFW below)
UPDATED AT 7:20 PM: Two fires in Rochester, New York today at Family Dollar stores. The first was out quickly. That was not the case at the second fire. It occurred about two miles away and was reported 50-minutes after the first blaze. There is a lookout for a suspect. Firegeezer Bill Schumm has been writing for months about fires at Family Dollar stores and the chain's similarly named competitors.
In an interview at the bottom of this entry, Rochester Fire Department Chief John Caufield called the second fire one of the fastest moving fires in his career. The chief says the first arriving units had smoke in the building that quickly showed itself as a rapidly advancing fire throughout the building.
Here is the latest from DemocratandChronicle.com:
A four-alarm blaze in a Rochester Family Dollar store that started around noon today spread through the Ridge-Clinton Plaza.
Rochester Fire Chief John Caufield said the blaze was under control at 5:20 p.m. today, although firefighters will be on the scene throughout the night.
Dozens of fire trucks are at the scene, and the front and rear of the building are fully engulfed, with flames shooting through the roof. Portions of the plaza have collapsed. Heavy black smoke is blanketing the area. The smoke was visible from miles away.
Traffic on Route 104 near the fire site — restricted much of the afternoon — was open again in both directions by 6:30 p.m..
Caufield would not label the fire arson, but he said, "We're definitely going to look at that. We certainly want to explore that angle."
He said that a team of investigators from the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives are expected to arrive in Rochester tomorrow morning to assist in the investigation. Caufield said that they would provide assistance because of the magnitude of the fire and because of the fire reported at a different Family Dollar store about the same time today.
The fire investigators were called on because of "the multimillion-dollar loss here and "We have some questions about the cause of this fire and we need some of their expertise to help us do some of the analysis." Caufield said.
Dozens of fire trucks are at the scene, and the front and rear of the building were fully engulfed, with flames shooting through the roof. Portions of the plaza have collapsed. Heavy black smoke blanketed the area. The smoke was visible from miles away.
A crowd of nearly 200 onlookers has gathered to watch, many taking photos.
Rochester Fire Lt. Willie Jackson said the fire started around noon at 1731 N. Clinton Ave. More than 60 firefighters from 15 city companies and at least two suburban departments are at the scene, he said.
Jackson said there have been no firefighter or civilian injuries and all customers of plaza businesses were able to escape safely.
A cache of paint, paint thinner and other possibly explosive chemicals was safely removed from the Auto Finishers Supply Co. store in the plaza, Jackson said.
Joe Ignizio, 35, of Greece, co-owns the Fireball Wireless store just two doors down from the Family Dollar. He said he was working in his office in the back of the shop when he heard people rush outside. He was surprised by how quickly the fire moved.
"The flames are in there now," he said earlier of the store his family has run since 1994. "I didn't think it would get this far."
"A whole lot of people (in the plaza) are going to be out of work," he said.
The North Clinton Avenue fire is the second fire at a city Family Dollar store this morning. A fire at the store located at 836 N. Goodman Street was reported at 11:39 a.m.
Jackson said that fire was "small and contained."
He said authorities have notified all local Family Dollar stores that "there may be a problem."
Around 12:15 p.m., 911 dispatchers broadcast a "special attention" call throughout the county for police agencies to be on the lookout for an apparent arsonist striking Family Dollar stores.
Jackson said the city's arson investigation team was at the scene, but he would not speculate on the cause of the fire.
The video above includes an interview with Rochester Fire Department Chief John Caufield.
Dumpster diving firefighter waits for rookie. Anything for a prank.
STATter 911 Exclusive: Convicted arsonist serving as volunteer in MD. Was part of a 1990 arson ring involving 10 firefighters.
FFs attacked; "911, can you hold?" – No, she couldn't; Teen posts arson clues; Convicted arsonist was member at another MD firehouse
$45 million overtime settlement in Louisville, Kentucky presented today. Current firefighters & retirees hear details after 9-year battle.
Milwaukee fire chief leaves in the middle of heated budget battle. Douglas Holton to retire next month for college position.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
GTA Online: These Vehicles Will Soon Be Here
Source: gamesradar.com
We've all seen that The Contract is very similar to the other GTA Online updates. And we expect a new vehicle every week for the next few months – exactly how it was done with the Los Santos Tuners. And we've seen what vehicles they've prepared for the Festive Surprise 2021 event. And the winter season is not over yet. There are plenty of vehicles we haven't tried, and they will all be released during the holidays. We're curious how many Imani Tech support.
Which vehicles are coming to GTA Online?
Some of the vehicles were available at the launch of the new DLC. These are the vehicles that can be played in the Contract story:
Pfister Comet S2 Cabrio
Western Motorcycle Company Reever
Nagasaki Shinobi
Declasse Granger 3600LX
Here's what's bound to appear
Obey I-Wagen
Mammoth Patriot Mil-Spec
The Gallivanter Baller ST and Överflöd Zeno are now available
Rockstar is celebrating the holidays with new surprises: two vehicles. The Baller ST, which is based on the Range Rover, and Zeno, that's based on the SSC Tuatara. Both of them are available for purchase.
What are their prices
The Baller ST costs $890,000, and it is among the cheap ones.
Zeno costs $2,820,000, and it is one of the most expensive vehicles in the game
Which vehicles will have Imani Tech?
Imani Tech is about some exclusive features for some select vehicles. You can either install a remote control device or a missile jammer. But the two vehicles mentioned above do not have the possibility for these functions. As of now, we don't know which vehicles will come with Imani Tech items. Let's hope for the best.
Final Fantasy XVI: This Is When the Showcase Takes Place
byJune Estrada
New PlayStation Patent Is Bound to Help Players Through Difficult Games
GTA Online: Should I Get the Överflöd Zeno?
We finally got Överflöd Zeno, but it seems that its launch was unfortunate. The Zeno is based on…
Uncharted 4, the Playstation 4 Exclusive will set a New Benchmark for Facial Animation
Uncharted 4: A Thief's End is easily the best title that is coming soon to the Playstation 4…
Subway Surfers vs. Temple Run 2 Free Download – Heart Pounding Escape Games
]]> Both the games are popular and addictive mobile games, though Temple Run was the first one to…


text:
Home > Creators > Luca Erbetta
Luca Erbetta
Luca Erbetta was born in Genoa on April 27, 1979. He graduated from the artistic high school Ego Bianchi. He then studied at a plastic arts school in Nice. After collaborating with the Italian motorcycle magazine Tuttomoto as an illustrator, he published his first comic in France, scripted by Luca Blengino and published by Les Editions Semic. From 2005 to 2008 he worked on the series Watch (6 volumes, Delcourt). With Blengino he also co-wrote the series Flamingo and Gaijin (Delcourt). In 2008 he joined the even more cosmopolitan team of the Alter Ego project (Dupuis 2011, Europe Comics 2015), where he worked in tandem with the other illustrators and Efa. In 2010, he illustrated a four-chapter story called "The Writer" as part of the Sam and Twitch series, produced by the American publisher Image.
Country of origin: Italy Europe Comics Publisher: Dupuis (Belgium)
By Luca Erbetta
Noah and Zelia, now reunited in spite of their difficult past, have established a spiritual community in the Canary Islands. Along with their numerous followers, one of whom is Teehu, a young medium,... 4,99€
Alter Ego – Cycle 1 8. Teehu Efa, Luca Erbetta, Denis Lapière & Pierre-Paul Renders
Can power make you happy? Noah's got everything going for him: he's good-looking, smart, wealthy, arrogant and cynical. And he has every reason to be: he's the son of the most... 4,99€
Alter Ego – Cycle 1 3. Noah Efa, Luca Erbetta, Denis Lapière & Pierre-Paul Renders


text:
Grymme Grendel i Storanskog är en TV-teater i form av en musikalisk sagoberättelse. Den är producerad av SVT Luleå och sändes 1984. Den har även publicerats i SVT:s Öppet arkiv. För manus och regi svarade Per Nordin, för musiken Ted Ström och för foto Stefan Holm.

I staden Hemsa är invånarna rädda för den onda drottningen som offrar olydiga till monstret Grymme Grendel.

Rollista
Kerstin Hellström – Anna
Sonja Lund – drottningen Vita Fågeln
Björn Paijkull – fadern Bäcken Ormen
Johan Wahlqvist – pojken
Per Nordin – den unge mannen

Källor

Svenska TV-pjäser
1984 i Sverige
TV-året 1984
Teateråret 1984


This study examines the complication rates and factors predicting catheter-related bloodstream infections and mortality rates in patients who were initiated on hemodialysis at our institution" Yap et al (2018).
INTRODUCTION: Hemodialysis is the main modality of renal replacement therapy in Singapore. However, a majority of the patients in Singapore are initiated on hemodialysis via a catheter. This study examines the complication rates and factors predicting catheter-related bloodstream infections and mortality rates in patients who were initiated on hemodialysis at our institution.
METHODS: This is a single-center retrospective analysis of incident hemodialysis patients who were initiated on renal replacement therapy between 1 January 2010 and 31 December 2012. Catheter-related bloodstream infection risk factors, organisms, and associated mortality were analyzed.
RESULTS: The catheter-related bloodstream infection and exit site infection incidence rates were 0.75 and 0.50 per 1000 catheter days, respectively. The mean duration to first catheter-related bloodstream infection episode was 182.47 ± 144.04 catheter days. Prolonged catheter duration was found to be a risk factor for catheter-related bloodstream infection. Compared to patients initiated on dialysis via arteriovenous fistula, initiation of dialysis via catheter is strongly associated with increased mortality (6.0% vs 14.5%; p = 0.02). In particular, the presence of diabetes mellitus and development of catheter-related bloodstream infection was associated with increased mortality ( p = 0.04 and 0.05, respectively). In addition, patients who began hemodialysis before being seen by a nephrologist were associated with decreased mortality (3.4% vs 13.0%; p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, prolonged duration of catheter insertion is found to be a risk factor for catheter-related bloodstream infection in hemodialysis patients, and its development is associated with increased mortality. Early referral to a nephrologist and creation of arteriovenous fistula in pre-end-stage renal disease patients are pivotal in improving the outcomes of patients.
Yap, H.Y., Pang' S.C., Tan, C.S., Tan, Y.L., Goh, N., Achudan, S., Lee, K.G., Tan, R.Y., Choong, L.H. and Chong, T.T. (2018) Catheter-related complications and survival among incident hemodialysis patients in Singapore. The Journal of Vascular Access. March 1st. .


text:
Q: How to draw a graph with networkx from pandas dataframe with node size depending on value? I have a dataframe:
id1      id2     val
a1       b1      10
a1       b2      4
a1       c1      1
b2       c1      15
c1       a1      3

I want to draw a graph from this dataframe with values from id1 and id2 as nodes. edges go from values from id1 to id2. so edges must go from node a1 to b1, b2, c1. from b2 to c1. from c1 to a1. the size of a node must depend on sum of values from "val" it accepted. so the largest node must be c1 since 1 + 15 = 16 is largest sum among all id2. Also Id like to attach nodes name to it on graph. How couldI do that?

A: Use:
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import networkx as nx

df = pd.DataFrame({'id1': {0: 'a1', 1: 'a1', 2: 'a1', 3: 'b2', 4: 'c1'},
                   'id2': {0: 'b1', 1: 'b2', 2: 'c1', 3: 'c1', 4: 'a1'},
                   'val': {0: 10, 1: 4, 2: 1, 3: 15, 4: 3}})

g = nx.from_pandas_edgelist(df, source="id1", target="id2")

d = df.groupby("id2")["val"].sum().to_dict()
for node in g.nodes:
    d.setdefault(node, 1)

nodes, values = zip(*d.items())
nx.draw(g, nodelist=list(nodes), node_size=[v * 100 for v in values], with_labels=True)
plt.show()

Output


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text:
Spanish Civil War chiller Painless [Insensibles] on DVD in September
On the eve of the Spanish Civil War, a group of children who are insensitive to pain are locked up in a hospital deep in the Pyrenees. In the present time, David Martel a brilliant neurosurgeon has to find his biological parents in order to get a transplant he needs to survive. In his vital quest he awakens ghosts from his country's past and is confronted with the terrible fate of the children who feel no pain.
First shown in the UK at the 2012 London Film Festival, Spanish myster-horror Painless [Insensibles] is the feature film debut of director Juan Carlos Medina, and stars Àlex Brendemühl (The German Doctor, Me), Tómas Lemarquis (the enigmatic star of Nói albínói) and newcomer Ilias Stothart. It was written by director Medina in collaboration with Luiso Berdejo, co-writer of the [Rec] trilogy.
English language reviews are thin on the ground at present, but Anton Bitel writing in Grolsch Film Works gave it a five-star review and called it: "a breathless drama that interrogates the paradoxes of Spain's genetic and circumstantial heritage, and teases out the eternal struggle between freedom and repression, memory and oblivion."
Painless will be released on UK DVD on 1st September 2014 by Metrodome Distribution at the RRP of £15.99.
As is often the way, no extra features have been announced.


text:
How my uncle, wife, 5 kids neighbour perished in auto crash – survivor
"…A government that loves its people should show concern that a family of seven just perished in an auto crash as a result of bad road."
Raphael Ede, Enugu
Vera Onyia's story touches the heart. It is the stuff that Nollywood is made of but this is not make-believe. But for kind fate, she would have gone the way of all mortals on June 10. In fact, she missed death by the whiskers.
That day, she was in the same car with her beloved uncle, Pastor ThankGod Ifeanyichukwu Onyia, his wife, Chinwe, their five children – Olive, Chizitelu, Pearl, Precious, Sobe – and a neighbour's daughter, Favour, but a moment after she alighted, the car was involved in a head on collision with a mass transit bus at Ugwu Onyeama, along the Enugu-Onitsha Expressway. And her 46-year-old uncle, his family and a neighbour's only child perished.
READ ALSO: Commuters groan over state of Enugu-Onitsha highway
Last Wednesday, Saturday Sun visited the grieving family and Vera narrated how she narrowly escaped death. Weeping profusely, she said: "On the morning of June 10, 2018, we all prepared to go to church with my uncle, who was a pastor in a Redeemed Christian Church of God parish in Obofia-Ndiuno in Ezeagu Local Government Area of Enugu State. On the way, we had a little debate about who was going to cook. I was just recovering from an illness and I told my uncle's wife that I wouldn't be able to cook that day. It was like a debate and she insisted that I must get down from the car and go to a nearby church so that I can comeback early to cook. I told her that if she comes back before me, she would cook and if I got back before her I would cook.
"So, it was a deal and I got down at Ogui junction and they continued the journey. Around 1pm, I got a call from one of the neighbour's in the compound that my grandmother was in Enugu and she was looking for me. The neighbour said she was asking why my uncle, her son, didn't come to church. You know, she usually worshipped with them in the same church. But I told her that my uncle went to church, that we all left for church that morning but I got down somewhere. She now told me that I should comeback home and I came back and saw my grandmother. I took her to the house and I alerted some other neighbour's that my uncle was missing. I called as many relations as I knew we had in Enugu.
"We all started looking for him. Of course, we have three routes that connect us to Enugu; it is either you go through Udi Road, Milliken Hill or the Enugu – Onitsha Expressway. One of our neighbours came back and said that there was no accident on the road, the other one said they searched the hospitals and they couldn't find them."
READ ALSO: Ugwuanyi's footprints on Milliken Hill road
Vera said that at this time, she called her mother who was living at Abakaliki, the Ebonyi State capital, and told her that her brother and his family were missing. "I called my mother around 10pm and told her that we were looking for her brother, his wife, children and our neighbour's daughter. She told me that she would be in Enugu the following morning. " Vera said that the following day, her mother's uncle came and told her that they were all gone and that they died in a motor accident.
Describing their demise as painful and horrific, she attributed it to bad governance. "The Enugu – Onitsha Expressway, particularly the Ugwu Onyeama axis, is deadly. It has claimed so many lives and then my uncle is finally one of them. He died alongside his wife, his children, – eight souls died that morning. Worse still, he was the only male child in my maternal family."
Vera further explained that her uncle hardly used the Ugwu Onyeama road because of its bad state but instead always chose the Milliken Hill road. "But unfortunately, the Milliken Hill was blocked on Saturday, June 9. So when he got to New Market and discovered that Milliken Hill road had been blocked, he took the expressway and that was how he died. But if government had worked on that road, perhaps he wouldn't have died. That road was supposed to be a dual carriage way but the commercial vehicle was coming down to Enugu (against traffic) in his direction while he was going to Ezeagu and they collided. Unfortunately, no one in the commercial bus died but everyone in my uncle's car died."
She also begged for assistance from Nigerians, stressing that her uncle was the breadwinner of the family and now he is gone. "He was to an extent responsible for my upbringing and maintaining my grandmother. We are not the only people mourning, the staff of the Transmission Company of Nigeria (TCN), where he worked are still mourning his exit. Who will ever take his place in the department where he happened to be the manager? Then the Alinwonyia family too, the Nnachi community and everyone around us we are still mourning the loss of our brother.
"Ever since I was born till this very moment, this is the first time I am hearing this kind of news because sometimes I will always hear that one person survived but in our own case no one survived. So, we are begging the government for assistance, more so to reconstruct that road and see that it was completed on record time," she pleaded. The elder sister of the deceased, Mrs Virginia Onyia, who was visibly traumatized, told Saturday Sun that she wouldn't have believed that a day like June 10 would come her way but she has submitted to the will of God. She said that the news of the deaths hit her like a thunderbolt.
Vera's mother, Virginia, disclosed that when her daughter called her and told her that her only brother was missing with his family, many thoughts ran through her mind. "I had thought that they were kidnapped. So, I went to some pastors to pray for my brother and his family. It was after the prayers that my brother's body, his wife, five children and the only child of their neighbor, Favour, were found in the morgue. My brother was the only male child in the entire family and the only child of the parent."
On how they were coping, she said that her mother was about 75-year-old. "My brother is the only one taking care of her. He comes to see her every week, precisely on Sundays after church service. My father married only my mother and they gave birth to three children – two females and a male. So, he was the bread- winner of the family."
"You know that they were buried on June 27, 2018. We appreciate all the people that came to console the family. The transport company that killed them, gave the family N200,000 through the police who have been handling the case. But what could N200,000 do in burial of seven family members? We bought seven caskets, paid mortuary bills, hired ambulance and every other things. People came from far and near for the burial and in our little way we tried to provide water for them." Virginia said they were buried in a mass grave but were laid down according to their age.
READ ALSO: Anambra community denies imposition of N1m burial levy
She added: "My father and his brother lived and died at their very old age. Since I was born and grew up, I have never seen such kind of thing or heard of death by accident in this community, let alone the one that wiped out an entire family.
"Although, tongues are still waging with so many stories and speculations going around but we believe in God and my brother was a child of God. So, we cannot question what happened. Let thy will be done. The entire community is in grief because they said he assisted in bringing electricity to the community."
On whether the family had premonition about the incident, the elderly woman said no. "The devil just foreclosed this from us until it happened. Otherwise we would have prayed for God's intervention. I feel so sad that a day like June 10 will be in my life. A day only heir to the family would just perish with his entire family. So praying is no longer enticing to me. In fact, when they are praying if I am there it is only my body present because my spirit is not there," the traumatized woman lamented in tears.
Late Thank God's cousin, Mr. Dennis Ali, described his death as awful. "We do not know how to explain it and it has totally disorganized the family. We expect that government should assist the family because when somebody gave multiple births in the hospital government always come to assist. We don't know why the government did not come for this. We expected that when such kind of incident happens like in our case it is a tragedy and government should show concern. A government that loves its people should show concern that a family of seven just perished in an auto crash as a result of bad road."
The Senior Manager, System Power Lines (SPL), Emmanuel Okoh, described late Thank God as a man of thoroughness, who distinguished himself in chosen profession. He said that he wished that he would have replaced him because he had only less than three months to retire. Few days before his demise, late Thank God was said to have advised his colleagues to be steadfast in walking in the path of righteousness so that they can make heaven.
Day of tears
Indeed, for the Onyia family of Nachi in Udi Local Government Area, July 27 was a day of sorrow and tears. That day, even the heavens joined the traumatized family and community as it rained cats and dogs. ThankGod married his wife, Okwudili Chinwe, on May 20, 2006 and they promised to be together till death do them part. But even in death they remain together. Their remains were buried side by side.
Tags: ambulanceburialdeathescaped deathfamilyhead-on collisionmass transit busmilliken hill roadmortuary billsmotor accidentonitsha-enugu expresswaysurvivedvera onyiavirginia onyia
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text:
John hace referencia a varios artículos:

 Juan (nombre)

Personas
John Winston Ono Lennon, Músico británico, Ex Beatle.
John Alexander Reina Newlands, químico británico;
John Ambrose Fleming, inventor británico;
John Bardeen, físico estadounidense;
John Bartram, botánico estadounidense;
John Bunyan, escritor inglés conocido por su obra El progreso del peregrino;
John C. Reilly, actor estadounidense;
John Cena, luchador de la WWE
John Cocke, científico informático estadounidense;
John Constable, pintor;
John Cornford, poeta británico;
John Dalton, científico británico;
John Deacon, bajista de Queen;
John Dryden, poeta y dramaturgo inglés;
John Dutton Frost, militar británico;
John Farrow, director, guionista y productor australiano;
John F. Kennedy, 35° presidente de los Estados Unidos desde 1961 hasta 1963;
John Galsworthy, novelista y dramaturgo británico, premio Nobel de Literatura en 1932;
John Grierson, director de cine documental británico;
 John Harvard, colono Reino Unido & Estados Unidos;
John Hunter, cirujano y anatomista británico;
John Hutton Balfour, médico y botánico británico;
John Jervis, marino y militar inglés;
John Keats, poeta británico;
John Kenneth Galbraith, economista estadounidense;
John Bernard Larroquette, Actor estadounidense;
John Locke, filósofo Británico;
John Lukacs, historiador estadounidense;
John Malkovich, actor, productor de cine y director de cine estadounidense;
John Maxwell Coetzee, escritor de Sudáfrica, Premio Nobel de Literatura en 2003;
John Milton, poeta inglés;
John Pople, químico británico, premio Nobel de Química en 1998;
John Rawls, filósofo estadounidense;
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien, lingüista y escritor de fantasía británico;
John Singer Sargent, pintor italiano;
John Stagliano, director de cine porno estadounidense;
John Steinbeck, novelista estadounidense, premio Nobel de Literatura en 1962;
 John Stuart Mill, filósofo, político y economista británico;
John Travolta, actor estadounidense;
John Turturro, actor estadounidense;
John Vanbrugh, arquitecto y dramaturgo inglés;
John Venn, matemático británico;
John Wallis, matemático inglés;
John Wayne, actor estadounidense;
John Wilmot, poeta y escritor libertino inglés;
John Yu Shuinling, diplomático, fotógrafo e ingeniero chino;

Además


Main lines of business: Automobile extended warranty, appliance extended warranty, property damage, accident and health, creditor redundancy, contractors' liability and certain ancillary insurance business.
Subsidiaries: All of LGI's non-UK business is transacted via branches or Freedom of Services.
Company history: London General Insurance is owned by Aon Corporation, incorporated in the US.
Subsidiaries: All of Combined's non-UK business is transacted via branches or Freedom of Services.
Company history: Combined is one of the largest of Aon's insurance underwriting companies and services 5 million policyholders worldwide with a sales force of nearly 8,000 people.


text:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE erlref SYSTEM "erlref.dtd">

<erlref>

  <copyright>
    <year>2020</year>
    <holder>Ericsson AB. All Rights Reserved.</holder></copyright>
  <legalnotice>
      Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
      you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
      You may obtain a copy of the License at

          http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

      Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
      distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
      See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
      limitations under the License.

  </legalnotice>
  <title>wxEraseEvent</title>

<module>wxEraseEvent</module>
<modulesummary>Functions for wxEraseEvent class</modulesummary>
<description>
An erase event is sent when a window's background needs to be repainted.

On some platforms, such as GTK+, this event is simulated (simply generated just before the paint event) and may cause flicker. It is therefore recommended that you set the text background colour explicitly in order to prevent flicker. The default background colour under GTK+ is grey.

To intercept this event, use the EVT_ERASE_BACKGROUND macro in an event table definition.

You must use the device context returned by <seemfa marker="#getDC/1"><c>getDC/1</c></seemfa> to draw on, don't create a <seeerl marker="wxPaintDC"><c>wxPaintDC</c></seeerl> in the event handler.

See: <url href="https://docs.wxwidgets.org/3.1/overview_events.html#overview_events">Overview events</url>

This class is derived (and can use functions) from:
    <seeerl marker="wxEvent"><c>wxEvent</c></seeerl>

wxWidgets docs: <url href="https://docs.wxwidgets.org/3.1/classwx_erase_event.html">wxEraseEvent</url>

  </description>
<title>Events</title>
Use <seemfa marker="wxEvtHandler#connect/3"><c>wxEvtHandler:connect/3</c></seemfa> with <seetype marker="#wxEraseEventType"><c>wxEraseEventType</c></seetype> to subscribe to events of this type.

<datatypes>
    <datatype><name name="wxEraseEvent"/></datatype>
    <datatype><name name="wxErase"/></datatype>
    <datatype><name name="wxEraseEventType"/></datatype></datatypes>

<funcs>
  <func>
    <name name="getDC" arity="1" clause_i="1" since=""/>
    <fsummary>Returns the device context associated with the erase event to draw on. </fsummary>
    <desc>
Returns the device context associated with the erase event to draw on.

The returned pointer is never NULL.

</desc>
  </func>
  </funcs>
</erlref>

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


The East Coast Ice Freaks are trying to get some momentum going for this season's Ice Age. Here's a little race report and an invite to their Annual Meeting. You Freaks of the East have no excuse – go!
OK, Back to the action- Sunday dawned clear and calm, for awhile we wondered if there would be breeze enough to sail on ice that would surely soften in the sun later in the day…. Would we get the New England champs in on the heels of a good Easterns?
The Shelburne Days Inn staff saw several sore people limping into the breakfast area to down waffles, cereal, hard-boiled eggs and various combinations of meds to get through the day. Better livin' through chemistry! The big breeze Saturday left pretty much everyone with at least some sore muscles but plenty of grins nonetheless.
Dressed and out the door and back to the launch site. Just about everyone who still had a functioning boat was there- only one or two people elected to end the season on a high note and hit the road early. Jim Hadley was one of them- normally we'd give him no end of grief for a stunt like this but he gets a pass for two reasons: First, he has a six month old baby at home (congrats, you big stud!) and second, he gave me the chicken salad sandwich he was saving for lunch later that day. He sailed great on Saturday and we look forward to seeing him and the rest of the NJ mafia next season! Chris Miller also hit the road after somehow ripping off two chocks and eviscerating a runner. A three-for-one breakage! A bummer as he made a heck of a big-course racing debut the previous day- watch out for him next season….
After a quick awards presentation for the Easterns we jumped right into the skippers meeting for the New England champs. Time was critical as the sun was getting higher in the sky and we wanted to get this one in the books ASAP… Read on.


text:
The lost Sanskrit treasures of Tibet | India Today
When Ye Shaoyong, a prominent Chinese Sanskrit scholar, first came across the old yellowed palm leaves from Drepung, one of Tibet's most important monasteries, he was intrigued by the letters on the page. The 14 palm leaves he found bore ancient writing, older than anything that the Sanskrit professor from Peking University had ever seen. That day in 2003, Ye stumbled upon one of the oldest undiscovered Sanskrit texts from India-a 2nd century text, the Mulamadhyamakakarika, one of the founding texts of Mahayana Buddhism that had, until Ye's discovery, only ever been seen referenced in quotations in later commentaries.
Chinese scholars say this rare palm leaf is among hundreds-possibly thousands-that still lie in Tibet's monasteries, carrying a trove of more than thousand-year-old information about Indian philosophical thought and history, from between the 2nd and 14th centuries. Ye spent a decade painstakingly translating the old manuscript, which was finally published four years ago and is among the first from this forgotten treasure to be made public. "Tibet might be the last treasure of Sanskrit manuscripts which has not yet been fully investigated," he wrote in his book. "Nonetheless," he lamented, "they are still gathering dust on the shelves of monasteries or in the drawers of museums."
China has since launched an ambitious effort to bring to light this old Sanskrit treasure. The texts, Ye believes, are of immense religious, historical and literary value. For Buddhists, some of the texts contain the founding precepts of Buddhist thought, such as the Mulamadhyamakakarika, that was found in Drepung, and the Lankavatara Sutra, found in the Potala palace in Lhasa. For historians, the manuscripts could hold a wealth of information. "These texts could change how we think of our history and philosophy," says Ye, who points to how a similar trove in Nepal brought out new elements of the country's early modern history. Most of the texts are of philosophical nature, but as Ye points out, they also hold a wealth of information about society and politics from that period, from the lineage of dynasties to their politics and administration.
The collection is particularly of great relevance to India, especially as in many instances, they are the only surviving records. Thousands of Indian texts from a similar period fell to ruin, both on account of the failure to systematically preserve them and because of the tropical climate. In the high altitude of Tibet, many manuscripts have remained untouched over hundreds of years, even as they lay forgotten in the storerooms of monasteries, and scholars say, they could survive another millennium. "For many texts that have played important roles in literary, philosophical and social history, the original Sanskrit texts have been lost, and scholars can only base their study on the Chinese and Tibetan translations," says Ye. So far, more than 500 bundles of palm leaves have been discovered-each containing thousands of lines of text-and Tibet's monasteries could very well hold many more. Most of this text was hundreds of years ago copied in India and Nepal, and brought to Tibet.
The texts of Tibet
Among the hundreds of Sanskrit manuscripts, these five philosophical texts are in the first batch being edited, catalogued and translated.
Mulamadhyamakakarika
A text from the 2nd or 3rd century that, some scholars say, carries the most authoritative philosophical explanation of emptiness, a key premise of Mahayana Buddhism.
Lankavatara Sutra
One of the key texts for Buddhists that records a conversation between Buddha and a Bodhisattva, set in Lanka.
Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita Sutra
The 'perfection of wisdom in 8,000 lines' is one of the oldest surviving Sanskrit texts.
Pramanaviniscaya
A text written by Dharmakirti, an influential Indian scholar who was in Nalanda in the 6th century.
Bhadrakalpikasutra
A text found in Xinjiang dating back to 4th or 5th century. It's one of the earliest teachings of the Buddha that became popular in China after being translated into Chinese by the Indian monk Dharmaraksha.
Our man in Tibet
The trove of Sanskrit manuscripts in Tibet may have remained unknown if not for the discoveries of scholar Rahul Sankrityayan during his intrepid journeys across Tibet in the 1930s. During one such trip, when shown palm leaf manuscripts that are more than a thousand years old, in a Lhasa monastery, Sankrityayan pledged to return to investigate. He did in 1934 and 1937. In Tibet, Sankrityayan would befriend lamas and copy and photograph any manuscript he could lay hands on. He found 25 complete volumes of the Pramana Varttika Bhasya, a neverseen commentary by the 6th century Nalanda scholar Dharmakirti. Sankrityayan became an honoured guest of the Tibetan government and got access to the libraries of top monasteries that are, even eight decades later, out of bounds. On his return, he published 28 volumes based on the photographs and texts from Tibet. His legacy, ironically, is being kept alive across the border in China.
Chinese scholars believe the texts that have so far been translated are just a fraction of the treasure trove. Hundreds of palm leaves lie undiscovered, and the scope of the trove is as yet unknown, which is surprising considering the effort to retrieve the texts dates back to at least the early 1930s. Then, the Indian scholar and traveller Rahul Sankrityayan, who made several trips to Tibet to translate old Tibetan texts back to the original Sanskrit, first heard about the collection during his travels. He later wrote that he first dismissed the stories of a vast Sanskrit palm leaf collection as a myth, but intrigued by the accounts he heard, he returned to Tibet in 1934 to investigate.
Sankrityayan was welcomed in Tibet, and even taken to see the Kalon Lama, one of the top ministers of the Tibet government who was then the most powerful man in Tibet following the death of the 13th Dalai Lama in December 1933. Sankrityayan was taken to the Kundeling monastery, where he was presented with two rare manuscripts. "My joy knew no bounds," he would write later. Thanks to him, photographs of some of the texts were brought back to India, and stored in Patna Museum.
RARE GEM Folios from the 11th century Saddharmapundarika Sutra, or Lotus Sutra, found in Tibet
Few scholars in China, caught in political turmoil in the 1940s and 1950s from the Japanese occupation and then the Chinese civil war, paid attention to the texts until the 1960s. Then, around 250 bundles were brought to Beijing and catalogued, and returned to the Tibet Museum in Lhasa, where they are still kept. But the Cultural Revolution (1966-76) halted the effort, with many of China's leading scholars persecuted and sent to do hard labour in the villages. After the Cultural Revolution, the German-educated Chinese Indologist Ji Xianlin set up a first ever South Asian studies institute at Peking University, and slowly began the effort of translating some of the texts.
That effort is now being revived by Peking University and led by one of Ji's students, the renowned Chinese Sanskritist Duan Qing, who is one of the world's leading experts of Sanskrit, Pali and the ancient language of Khotanese, and is also Ye's teacher. The institute is training Chinese scholars in Sanskrit, Pali and Tibetan to translate old Sanskrit, Kharosthi and Khotanese texts that have been found in Tibet and the Muslim-majority Xinjiang province, which was then an important centre for Buddhism and today holds the oldest texts.
Uphill task
So far, Peking University has published eight volumes since 2011, but this is just the start. China doesn't have the number of scholars or resources to systematically unravel the entire trove. "Each scholar needs professional know-ledge and special training not only in Sanskrit, Tibetan and Chinese languages, but also on manuscriptology," says Ye. "For example, some of these manuscripts were written not in the uniform Devanagari script, but in various local scripts with different conventions. To read them, we also need experience in Indian palaeography in order to provide reliable editing, and you also need background knowledge of its content, such as the historical information and philosophical system."
This is a formidable challenge. China is now working with the world's best Sanskritists to surmount it, says Zheng Dui, director general of the influential China Tibetology Research Centre in Beijing that stores in its collections copies of several dozen palm leaves. In 2004, Zheng signed an agreement with an institution in Vienna to work together to translate palm leaves. Subsequent cooperation agreements have been taken forward with universities in the United States, Italy, Germany and Japan. "Our research is generating a lot of attention abroad," he says.
Everywhere but India, which is conspicuous in its absence in the list of countries that China is working with. Privately, Chinese scholars say their attempts to reach out to Indian scholars and institutions have received little response. Chinese Sanskrit students have struggled to find fellowships in Indian universities, which are often reluctant to host Chinese students unless they enrol in full-time courses, which makes little sense for them as Indian degrees won't be recognised. European and American institutions, by contrast, have shown great interest and flexibility in working on the project, and are hence taking the palm leaves translation forward.
Ye, the scholar at Peking University, believes this is an area where India and China should work together and that Chinese scholars would immensely benefit from studying with Indian scholars "who have the best traditional teaching methods" in Sanskrit. This, he suggests, could also be an ideal project for the revived Nalanda university, which, however, has been slow to take off and shown little interest in Buddhist and religious studies despite its unique history. The irony is that this rich trove of the only surviving records that could fill vital gaps in understanding of the history of both Sanskrit literature and philosophical thought holds no greater significance for any country as it does for India.


See the ever-popular war game with songs, jokes and a few battles!
Studio Theatre's production of Oh, What a Lovely War! at the Landmark Theatre, Ilfracombe, North Devon combines the songs that united the ordinary soldiers of the Great War with a wry look at the politicians and officers in charge of the carnage.
Set as a pierrot show, projected images and shocking statistics of the war on the Western Front contrast with the comedy action taking place on the stage in this 1960s satire which achieved West End success.
You Naughty Boy, Goodbye-ee, Row Row Row, I'll Make a Man of You, It's a Long Way to Tipperary, Christmas Day in the Cookhouse, Sister Susie's Sewing Shirts for Soldiers and Oh, It's a Lovely War, many with humorous lyrics adapted by the soldiers in the trenches.
See the volunteers struggle to learn combat drill, watch the Tommies mingle with their German counterparts during the Christmas 'truce' and gape at the great European nations as their monarchs, politicians and generals stumble into the morass resulting in four years of pointless trench warfare.
First staged in 1963 and devised by Joan Littlewood and the Theatre Workshop, Oh, What a Lovely War! was influenced by the late Alan Clark's military history 'The Donkeys' as well as by 'The Good Soldier Svejk' by Czech humourist Jasoslav Hasek.
Studio Theatre's cast of 20 share the roles of soldiers, nurses, monarchs, generals, officers, secret police and more from the pre-war empires of Europe, accompanied on the joanna by Mike Riley and commanded from the safety of the auditorium by director Lee Baxendale.
Posted in performance. Tagged with comedy, drama, Ilfracombe, Landmark, North Devon, Oh What a Lovely War, pierrot, song, Studio Theatre.


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Deantoni Parks (Mars Volta) Creates Solo Album
Ben Andrews ⋅ Artists, Drumset, News, Recordings, Technology, Videos ⋅ bombay, Deantoni Parks, mars volta, solo album, technoself ⋅
Deantoni Parks, former drummer for the Mars Volta, has created a solo album with one stick, a sampler, and no editing. The album Technoself will be available December 4th.
This was basically the antithesis of all my other experiences — no over-dubs or anything, with the conclusion being whatever happened in the moment. I wanted a journey… I wanted that as a parameter for the record so people could understand the method a bit better. When it's done live or in the first take in the studio, it's literally the same thing. Knowing that makes it a bit more palpable for people, I think.
Ben is a drummer, percussionist, and educator based in Nashville, TN.
→ Ben Andrews
« 5-year old girl covers SOAD's "Chop Suey"	» Richard Edson Reflects on Sonic Youth
I don't like drum solos, to be honest with you, but if anybody ever told me he didn't like Buddy Rich I'd right away say go and see him, at least the once.


text:
Short Term Forecasts and Weather
Active Fire Information
Flood and Dam Information
DES Seasonal Variability Unit
Monthly Climate Statements
Rainfall Commentary
SPOTA-1 Reports
Australian Bureau of Meteorology climate outlook
Queensland Drought Mitigation Centre (University of Southern Queensland) *
CottonInfo Moisture Manager *
Climate Kelpie *
World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) global centres producing seasonal forecasts **
SOI Phase Rainfall Probabilities
About SOI Phases
Seasonal climate outlook message for January to March 2023
Commentary on rainfall probabilities based on 'phases' of the SOI
The monthly value of the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI)* was +18.4 in December, rising from +4.8 in January. According to the SOI Phase system, the SOI is in a 'Rapidly Rising' phase.
A map showing the probability of exceeding median rainfall for the next three-month period (January to March) based on a 'Rapidly Rising' phase of the SOI over November and December is available. This map is based on previous years from 1889 to 2015 which, like 2022, had a 'Rapidly Rising' phase of the SOI for December (i.e. 1897, 1903 ,1904, 1914, 1915, 1920, 1923, 1927, 1928, 1932, 1936, 1937, 1938, 1942, 1944, 1945, 1949, 1954, 1956, 1965, 1996 and 2003). This map indicates a 40 to 60 per cent probability of exceeding median January to March rainfall across much of Queensland.
Readers should note that seasonal outlooks are stated in terms of probabilities. For example, whilst an outlook may be stated as 'a 50 to 70 per cent probability of exceeding median rainfall', such a statement should be interpreted as also meaning a 30 to 50 per cent probability of below-median rainfall. In cases where outcomes with a high probability may be more likely, this does not mean that less probable events will not occur in any given year.
Furthermore, while climate outlook schemes cannot provide outlooks with absolute certainty, users who follow a skilful scheme should benefit from doing so in the long-term. Thus, users should consider the historical track record of any scheme, and such information is becoming increasingly available.
The Science Division of the Department of Environment and Science (DES) provides outlooks for the summer period (November to March). The outlooks for summer rainfall are based on conditions leading up to summer, including the state of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon and factors which alter the impact of ENSO on Queensland rainfall (i.e. the more slowly changing extra-tropical sea-surface temperature pattern in the Pacific Ocean). The DES Monthly Climate Statement for January 2023 is now available.
* www.longpaddock.qld.gov.au/soi/soi-data-files (monthly SOI 1887-1989 base period)
Last updated: 9 January 2023


Hey guys so I am not sure if this is a change in Android 4.3 but the little clock beside the battery meter is gone on the lock screen (see picture below). I checked my friends Nexus 4 that has 4.2.2 on it and it is there.
I think its on a per widget basis. When there is a widget that doesn't include a clock (like the music player), the time comes back. Its a really nice addition.
Nice find I just tested that out. That makes sense.
If anyone else finds any other minor visual changes feel free to post them in here!
- The camera now only rotates the icons rather than the WHOLE damn UI when you turn the phone, so that it doesn't disrupt the picture taking experience, like in 4.1 (4.2 broke this as well).
- You can now take photos using volume keys in the Camera app.
- The Nexus 4 touchscreen now responds to MUCH lighter touches. This means that typing (esp. gesture typing) is now much much nicer.
- Animations are definitely smoother. While not at Windows Phone or iOS levels just yet, the whole OS is much snappier.
- Many new Developer Options for optimising apps to 60FPS.
- Hidden Notification history in the settings.
- Possibly improved battery life: I noticed a 10% drain after 40 mins (screen on) of reddit/chrome/Google+ etc. That might have lasted 20-30mins before. I'll have to do some objective tests later.
I have a feeling the animation when you bring up or hide the keyboard in apps is a new or changed animation?


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Q: Mongodb Aggregation grouping with leave the field After applying the aggregation
db.grades.aggregate([
     {$match: {'type': 'homework'}},
     {$sort: {'student_id':1, 'score':1}}
])

got the result:
{
    "result" : [
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("50906d7fa3c412bb040eb579"),
            "student_id" : 0,
            "type" : "homework",
            "score" : 14.8504576811645
        },
        {
            "_id" : ObjectId("50906d7fa3c412bb040eb57a"),
            "student_id" : 0,
            "type" : "homework",
            "score" : 63.98402553675503
        },
    ...

How to modify the request to leave documents with a minimum value score and get a result which kept the field id. For example, in such a way:
  {
            "_id" : ObjectId("50906d7fa3c412bb040eb579"),
            "score" : 14.8504576811645
   }

Thanks.

A: Is this a homework question from the education site? I can't remember, but this is fairly trivial.
db.grades.aggregate([
   { "$match": { type: 'homework' } },
   { "$sort": {student_id: 1, score: 1} },
   { "$group": {
       "_id": "$student_id",
       "doc": { "$first": "$_id"},
       "score": { "$first": "$score"}
   }},
   { "$sort: { "_id": 1 } },
   { "$project": {
       "_id": "$doc",
       "score": 1
   }}
])

All this does is use $first to get the first result when grouping by student_id. By first it means exactly that, so this is only useful after sorting and is different from $min which would take the smallest value from the grouped results.
So if you got part of the way there, not only do you keep the first score, but you also do the same operation on the _id value as well.
The additional sort is only there so the results don't trip you up, because they are likely to appear in the reverse order of student_id. Finally there is just a small use of $project to get the document form that you want.


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Home World Democracy, Republican agreement to share power in the US Senate
Democracy, Republican agreement to share power in the US Senate
Sen. next to Republican Sen. Mitch McConnell during a joint sitting of the U.S. House of Representatives on January 6, 2021. Charles Schumer (right) stands – Photo: Abby
According to the radio FoxNewsSenate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer announced on Feb. 3 (US time) that he agreed with Senate Republican Leader Senator Mitch McConnell in the following two-week power-sharing talks.
According to an agreement reached between the two parties (which will wait for approval on February 3), Republicans will transfer the leadership of Senate committees to Democrats.
Although each party currently has 50 seats in the Senate, Democrats are in favor of the vote by US Vice President Kamala Harris.
Details of the resolution have not yet been released, but leaders of both parties have revealed that they will use the 2001 Senate devolution deal as a model.
"Leaders of both parties have finalized the institutional resolution for the Senate," the Democrat Sen. Schumer said. "We will pass this resolution in the Senate today (i.e. 3-2 – PV)", Mr. Schumer said.
With Democrats in control of the Senate, he said he would prioritize climate change issues over the next two years.
"Democratic senators are not going to waste any time tackling the biggest challenges facing our country and the planet," Schumer said.
Mr. Schumer said he had instructed future leaders of relevant Senate committees to prepare inquiries into key climate change issues.
D. Kim Thai
See also Iran warns of running out of patience with US


text:
using NetToolBox.Core.Abstractions;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;

namespace NetToolBox.TestHelpers.Core
{
    public sealed class TestGuidProvider : IGuidProvider
    {
        private Guid _nextGuid = Guid.NewGuid();
        public Guid NewGuid()
        {
            return _nextGuid;
        }
        public void SetNextGuid(Guid guid)
        {
            _nextGuid = guid;
        }

    }
}


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March 4 - 5 | Xavier (La.) & Dillard (La.) | New Orleans, La.
March 1 - 5 | Frankfort Convention Center | Frankfort, Ky.
March 2 - 4 | Alexandria, La.
February 28 - March 4 | Campus Sites and Abe Lemons Arena - Oklahoma City, Okla.
March 1 - 4 | Multiplex at Cramton Bowl - Montgomery, Ala.


"Outsiders sometimes think that freedom of conscience exists in our country," writes a Turkmen Protestant, anonymous to avoid state persecution, in this personal commentary for Forum 18 News Service http://www.forum18.org. But the writer sees "constant specific violations of religious freedom" and "cannot see any improvement" in Turkmenistan's human rights. When religious believers "demand that officials follow the laws and the Constitution, these officials are in shock." "We have yet to meet an official who refused to act against religious believers, and chose instead to follow the laws and the Constitution." The writer pleads for the international community to act and "publicly and clearly tell our government to do what the Constitution proclaims and respect human rights," as this "would help it keep its promises." The writer states that "religious communities are not calling for any special privileges. We simply want the Constitution to be obeyed. Let us have the rights we are promised - we are going to use them anyway."
Outsiders sometimes look at Turkmenistan's Constitution and government statements and think that freedom of conscience exists in our country. But the reality is very different. Not only are published legal restrictions – which break international human rights standards - tight, but secret unwritten laws operate as well as the published laws.
For example, we Protestants cannot build places of worship. Services in private homes have been banned, any religious community must have its own special building designated for worship or rented for the purpose. Renting a flat is impossible. What is more, officials have to be shown the building and give their approval.
Officials have told some religious communities that if they want to buy or build a building it must be outside a residential area, hidden from view just like mosques or Russian Orthodox churches were in the Soviet period. But it is almost impossible to find such buildings. When urban districts are being planned, no such buildings are included.
We have no possibility to print or import religious literature. This has been banned since the mid-1990s. Officials of the government's Religious Affairs Committee have to look at each individual book and give specific permission - which they almost never do. Even if any permission is given, officials will link it to the number of recorded members a religious community already has - if the community is officially allowed to exist - even though they almost never give such permission for any copies.
Evangelism includes giving out literature to anyone who wants to read it - as many people do. We want to spread our faith. Most of all we need Bibles, both in Turkmen and in Russian, a book available throughout the world. But our government regards this issue as very sensitive and I do not know when printing and importing religious literature will be possible. Sharing our faith is totally banned.
Christian congregations in Turkmenistan - even those that are registered as part of an international religious community - find it difficult to maintain contact with the wider Church they are part of. Our country's leaders say there are no restrictions on foreign travel, but travel for religious purposes is restricted. When people submit invitations to the Migration Service, officials often come back with a refusal. They never admit that refusals are for religious reasons. If people are allowed to travel, they face constant questions on leaving and on returning.
Even registered religious communities can only function openly outside the capital Ashgabat if local authorities allow them to do so - and often they claim that registration in the capital does not cover operating elsewhere, even if the religious community's statutes allow this. In one example, for nearly a year the authorities kept dragging out discussions. Recently, they have started saying that a church can give a local branch official status after it holds a meeting where the leader of the branch is designated, with confirmation that he or she has appropriate religious education. The leader must then go to the local hyakimlik (administration) and its Religious Affairs Department for their approval. Only then will this designated leader (and no-one else) be allowed to lead services locally.
Legally communities are given the hope of functioning, but there are always excuses used for someone to stop our communities from functioning. Officials can raid a service, take down the names of all participants and ban them from meeting, as happened to the Baptist and Seventh-day Adventist communities in Turkmenabad (formerly Charjew), who were told they had no registration in the region.
Registration represents total state control over each religious community. We believers want a different sort of relationship with the state. Registration would be fine if it were just technical, without any intrusive conditions and regulations decided at the whim of officials. Information on the name of the community, its denominational affiliation, its legal address and the name of the leader should be enough. No more should be demanded. And communities should not be forced to register.
But even for registered churches, officials demand to know what happens at every meeting - believers do not like this. For example, if a church has an internal meeting, does the church want officials to be reading everything that was discussed? If the church refuses to hand over the minutes of its meetings, Justice Ministry officials say it is violating its registration by not passing these on and strip it of legal status. We oppose total state control of church life - internal church life should remain internal. In just the same way, no family wants everyone to know everything they say to each other. Why does our Justice Ministry need to know everything? Who wishes to register under these conditions?
The registered religious communities also face strong control over their use of money. They face pressure to put all the money from collections into their official bank account on Monday morning after weekend services. Officials argue this is needed for the tax authorities. But what if the community wants to help someone in urgent need, someone who needs money for medicine? This is a very common situation. Why can't the community help immediately out of the collection?
If officials want to attend a service and hear the sermon, communities are happy for this to happen. But a religious community should not have to reveal its private internal documents. That is interference and a violation of their rights.
The authorities already have full information on every religious community. They know how many there are, who leads each one, how often it meets and how many members it has. It is possible the government wants to have security against groups using religion as a cover. The President fears this. But attacking believers is not the right way to deal with this fear.
All religious minority communities - including we Protestants, Hare Krishna devotees and peaceful minority Muslims - have the experience of being banned. Pressure on banned communities is not only on a material level, with the confiscation of property, but on a moral level. All minorities were in the recent past banned from meeting for worship. This ban was imposed even though our country's constitution guarantees us the right to worship individually, or together with others, or not at all.
This ban is still imposed today on religious communities who choose not to register – even though this choice is their right under the international agreements the government has signed - and on those the government finds obstacles and excuses not to register.
But banned churches continue to exist, meet and hold services, despite the internal situation of the country and the hostility of the government. Even non-believers recognise that the state has taken the wrong route. The state cannot ban faith, something that is inside a person. The state has no legal right to interfere.
I cannot see any improvement as a result of the changes the government claimed it made in 2004. Even after getting registration, Protestant and other communities still face pressure from the authorities. Officials still visit believers in their flats, take the names of those attending services, issue warnings and ignore our registration documents.
An especially painful issue for religious communities is the presence of Muslim imams within the state Religious Affairs Committee. This particularly affects ethnic Turkmens who adopt Christianity: they face constant humiliation and psychological pressure from Muslim officials. Every velayat (region) has an official from the Religious Affairs Committee. Such officials should be neutral and objective as they represent the state, not a religious community. They should not humiliate and intimidate Christians. Even if they are not imams, they still hold intolerant views. Ethnic Turkmens, or others considered traditionally Muslim, who change their faith are always regarded as traitors.
The initiative for this system of control over and persecution of religious communities comes from above. Great influence in the state is wielded by the President's book, the Ruhnama, which in practice occupies pride of place in the state (see F18News 1 March 2005 http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=522). I have read parts of it myself. If you freely choose to read it, that is of course acceptable. But if - as happens many times - you are forced to read and memorise it, that is unacceptable.
Believers must be firm in their faith and demonstrate this to officials. When services and religious meetings are raided or believers summoned, we want officials to see our deep faith. We want them to see they cannot do anything in the face of such faith. Otherwise, these officials will be encouraged to even more actively intimidate believers, sack them from their jobs, seize their flats and pressure them to abandon their faith. They will increase pressure on believers to sign a statement that they will no longer read the Injil (New Testament) and read the Ruhnama instead. Even for nominally Muslim officials, the Koran is far less important than the Ruhnama. They tell us that if we want to be Christians, we should go to the Russian Orthodox Church.
It is difficult for individual believers when officials intimidate them, especially when they are punished for offences they never committed. It is hard when they are told they are traitors to their nation and cursed. Believers must respond briefly and succinctly: they will continue to follow their Saviour. The weaker individuals are in their faith, the greater the pressure officials apply.
Believers must also know the laws and the Constitution. When they demand that officials follow the laws and the Constitution, these officials are in shock. Article 11 of the Constitution says in part that "everyone has the right independently to determine her or his own religious preference, to practice any religion alone or in association with others, to practice no religion, to express and disseminate beliefs related to religious preference, and to participate in the performance of religious cults, rituals, and ceremonies."
We have to educate officials that our country is a secular state - so I myself am the only one who can decide which faith to choose. As article 11 of the Constitution says: "The government guarantees freedom of religion and faith and the equality or religions and faiths before the law. Religious organisations are separate from the government, and may not perform governmental functions. The governmental system of education is separate from religious organisations and is secular in nature."
How can a secular state impose the Ruhnama or any other faith? Officials have no response to this. There is nothing they can say and they stop arguing. This argument works better than anything.
On our side are the laws and the Constitution. But officials do what they are told to from higher up. They know they are acting wrongfully when, for example, they take the names of all those participating in a service. But we have yet to meet an official who refused to act against religious believers, and chose instead to follow the laws and the Constitution.
The police never want to put anything in writing when they persecute us - they want to hide their anti-religious activity. Our government wants to hide what is going on in our country - not only from the outside world but from its own people also. Internal pressure will by itself bring no significant change in the overall situation. Pressure has to come from outside.
The roundtable in 2005 - where Justice Ministry officials were forced to explain themselves to religious community leaders while diplomats observed - was a start. Officials were dragged into the open to make their promises – even if they have not kept these wonderful promises. One face was seen by those at the meeting, but a very different face is seen in the reality of everyday life.
The whole world should tell our government that its words on religious freedom must be turned into reality. The Constitution respects religious freedom - so the reality should be what the Constitution says. The international community must publicly and clearly tell our government to do what the Constitution proclaims and respect human rights.
Pressure must be maintained on our government, which tries to give a false picture of the situation. Other countries must make it publicly clear that they know what the reality is of life in Turkmenistan, including the constant specific violations of religious freedom. This would be very painful for our government, and would help it keep its promises.
So many pieces of paper are required just to be able to meet for worship. Why don't officials just leave religious communities alone to practice their faith calmly and without interruption? Christian faith is not just closing the doors and windows of my home and reading the Bible. We want to practise our faith in freedom as is our right under article 11 of the Constitution, which says: "everyone has the right .. to express and disseminate beliefs related to religious preference, and to participate in the performance of religious cults, rituals, and ceremonies."
- a Turkmen Protestant contributed this commentary to Forum 18 News Service. Commentaries are personal views and do not necessarily represent the views of F18News or Forum 18.
For more background, see Forum 18's Turkmenistan religious freedom survey at http://www.forum18.org/Archive.php?article_id=1167.