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Christoph Roser
Prof. Dr. Christoph Roser
"Faster, Better, Cheaper" in the History of Manufacturing
Fertigungstechnik (in German)
Collected Blog Posts
What Is True North in Lean?
December 8, 2020 December 8, 2020 by Christoph Roser
Lean manufacturing often talks about true north. This is the direction in which your operations should move to become better. Sometimes that may be a bit fuzzy, so let's have a look at what true north could include.
I am fully aware that reaching true north in all aspects is unrealistic. If you actually reached true north, there would be nothing left to improve… which goes against my beliefs in manufacturing. You can always get better! Hence, achieving the list below is not realistic. But hey, as I am writing this, it is almost Christmas, and it is okay to make a wish! I hope that this unrealistic list helps you to get closer to true north in at least some aspects.
In navigation, true north is the geographic north pole. It is at the axis around which the earth rotates (the other end would be the geographic south pole). Hence, if you want to go to the north pole, you just have to keep going north. The easiest way is using a compass with a magnetic needle. However, the needle does not point to the geographic north pole, but to the magnetic north pole (which, coincidentally, is a south pole in magnetic terms).
Furthermore, the geographic north pole does not move much (only a bit due to earth-wobbling and plate tectonics). The magnetic north, however, moves quite a bit over time. Hence, your magnetic needle will point in the wrong direction, the closer you come to the pole. If you actually are at the north pole, the needle would point south, and you would be going the wrong direction. Good maps include information on this difference, and also on how it is expected to change over time. Lean (and others) use this true-north analogy to describe the direction your company should really be going. If you don't know your true north, you may as well be going in circles.
Let me give you an example from the automotive industry. There may be a push to reduce weight in cars for better performance. Hence, steel parts will be replaced with lighter but more expensive aluminum parts. Five years later, the drive is no longer weight, but cost. Aluminum parts will be replaced with cheaper but heavier steel parts. Another five years later, the drive is toward weight again, and the steel parts are replaced with the aluminum parts again. This cycle seems to repeat every five or so years. There is lots of movement, but it's going in circles.
To me, a good company is a company that's able to follow its true north even across multiple generations of leadership. Toyota, for example, pushed SMED for multiple decades to reduce the changeover time. So let's look now at what true manufacturing in Lean could include.
The ideal material flow is in lot size one. This is also with a changeover duration of zero. In a world perfect for manufacturing, there would also be only one part type. However, this is not the goal for the entire company, and you probably would not want to drive toward a single-product company. However, the number of product variants should be a good trade-off between the effort of making multiple products and the benefit of making multiple products. In my experience, most companies have a lot of product variants in very small quantities whose continued existence should be seriously questioned. The production sequence of these different part types should be a perfect mix over the working duration. Distribute all part types as evenly across the day as you can.
A good sequence mix example
The distance between the different processes should be zero, or as close to it as possible. Ideally, the machines are right next to each other. Do not ship parts around the world and back.
Lean is legendary for reducing inventory. However, you can't reduce the inventory to zero. You need parts that are worked on. You have parts in transit. But there should be no inventory except for the parts that are actually either moving or being processed. This requires Just-in-Time, Just-in-Sequence, and Ship-to-Line.
Information Flow
The information flow should be instantaneous, and without any loss of information or miscommunication. All required information should be available. However, there should be no excess information, since it requires effort to gather and store, and it may hide the actually relevant information.
Simply said, there should be no fluctuations (mura) whatsoever. The customer orders regular like a Swiss clockwork, and suppliers and production deliver parts and products with equal regularity. Nothing of source-make-deliver should fluctuate. The production should be a flow shop, and the line should be perfectly balanced without any waiting time.
The perfect requirement for quality is simple: Zero defects and zero rework! Nothing should ever be defective or reworked. If there is a defect (which of course never happens), the processes should detect the defect automatically and the process should be stopped. This is the idea of Jidoka, or autonomation.
There should be no waste (muda). You surely know the seven types of waste. These should be eliminated.
Seven types of waste
There should also be no overburden of the workers (muri). First and foremost, this requires a perfect safety record. It would also require the work being neither too difficult nor too easy, but just right without being monotonous. All employees and other people should be treated with respect. The workers should have a positive attitude toward work and the company.
If you have achieved true north, then there would be nothing left to improve. Nevertheless, on the way to true north, continuous improvement is an important part. Hence, you should have continuous improvement, or kaizen. This is not assigned to a continuous improvement specialist, but is engrained with all employees (including the CEO) and supported by management. Improvement follows the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) sequence.
Where Paradise Meets Reality
True north is not realistic. True North is a dream… but you never should stop dreaming! The idea is not necessarily to reach true north (do you actually want to go to the north pole every time you pick up a map?). But it should help you to find the right path.
You will also find that there are contradictions in the above list. For example, there should be no fluctuations, but work should also be not monotonous. Or, the effort of achieving zero defects may not be worth the cost. The closer you get to these different true norths, the more contradictions you will find. Luckily, most companies, possibly even including yours, still have a looong way to go before they even get close to true north.
Furthermore, you won't be able to push everything toward true north at the same time. And that is where this laundry list of industrial paradise above may be helpful. Pick your focus areas! Which areas from the long list above are most relevant to your company? Where are you, and where do you want to be? If safety or generally overburden of the workers is unsatisfactory, it should be high up on your list, as should be quality. Continuous improvement is the actual process that helps you to go toward true north, wherever it may be for you. Overall, you have to decide which direction is most relevant for your company in the long term. It may not even be on this list, since I make no claim for completion. But you should know where you want to go. Otherwise you will be just wandering around aimlessly. Now, go out, pick your direction, and organize your industry!
Categories Lean Tools, Success Tags True North Post navigation
The Baton Touch Flow Line
Reducing Lead Time 1 – Inventory
12 thoughts on "What Is True North in Lean?"
Very good. Your texts are excellent. Congratulatios!
Joao Pinto
Very good, thanks for sharing Sir
JAY BITSACK
Hi Christopher,
This may not mean much to you given you're not from the US, but once upon a time in the sport of US football, there was a team that captured the hearts and minds of the nation's sports fans (along with many others). The name of that team was the Green Bay Packers. As the team's history history reveals…
The Green Bay Packers are the most successful franchise in professional football history. The team was founded in 1919, joined the NFL in 1920 and has won 13 titles in its 93 years of existence. Other teams may have won more Super Bowls, but none have more championships.
One of the most notable figures (for both leadership and inspiration both on and off the field) in the team's history was Vince Lombardi…
As head coach and general manager of the Green Bay Packers, Vince Lombardi led the team to three NFL championships and to victories in Super Bowls I and II (1967 and 1968). Because of his success, he became a national symbol of single-minded determination to win.
One of the sayings the he is renowned for is as follows…
"IF WE CHASE PERFECTION, WE WILL CATCH EXCELLENCE."
[Actual unabridged quotation: "Gentlemen, we will chase perfection, and we will chase it relentlessly, knowing all the while we can never attain it. But along the way, we shall catch excellence."]
And in the CONTEXT of TRUE LEAN THINKING AND BEHAVING, that's the role of highly-compelling TRUE NORTH ORIENTATION. And like PERFECTION, it's NEVER truly attainable; but, if one defines it in a way that is truly inspirational/motivational to all TEAM MEMBERS and pursues it accordingly (i.e., COLLECTIVELY), one will likely attain AND SUSTAIN a level of EXCELLENCE that is difficult (for any other entity) to mimic… ala Toyota.
Sorry… Christoph, not Christopher.
Hello Jay, well said. True north is true perfection, and – unlike the geographic north pole – you can never reach it.
Don't mind about the "Christopher". It happens all the time…
Renee P
I don't understand about your material flow kanban comparison. Why would you not want to group like with like? In the factory where I'm in charge of lean/continuous improvement*, our operators batch what's similar so they can reduce the number of changeovers needed. Our schedule looks like your "Bad Kanban" graphic. Am I misunderstanding?
*I am not a specialist! I'm working with our managers and employees to coach them about principles and processes that will allow us to achieve greater stability and less waste. I provide the guidance and direction while supporting the workers and making sure their needs are met.
Great article! It's nice to have dreams of manufacturing paradise!
@Renee, this is the idea of balancing/leveling/heijunka.
1) Making large lots reduce the c/o time, which saves time. This saved time can be measured easily by accounting
2) Making small lots increases the total C/O time, but requires less inventory and makes faster lead time. However, while the benefit is often larger than the additional time needed, many of these benefits are hard to quantify (see my post on the cost of inventory).
Overall, traditionally plants preferred large lots and less change over effort, but the insight from lean is that smaller lots are often better for the overall performance of the plant, even though it is hard to calculate this benefit.
Hi Christoph,
I like your posts! Delighting and well written as always you hit the very concept of lean in eliminating waste! There is this notion of having 'to see' waste first before it can be eliminated.
If lean principles like OPF (one piece flow=zero waste) are not applied consistently resulting in an ideal state – the true north, the biggest portion of waste cannot be seen, and consequently not be eliminated.
Getting a true north, either as pure idealistic (zero waste with no system constraints considered) or a technically idealistic (considering system constraints like e.g. capacities) reveals all the waste compared to a current state. This is commonly part of the gap analysis.
At this point not having seen the whole waste (commonly known as gap analysis) we see improvements but NOT in pursue of true north. This constitutes a shortcut unfortunately taken quite frequently. This may be one of the reasons for lean projects not delivering substantial results.
It may sound strange but in Lean Thinking improvement is not enough – we might run in circles not holding towards true north!
Kristen Carriera
I enjoyed reading your post about "True North" in lean manufacturing. I found the symbolism to be quite spot on. I think that you comment about true north being perfection in lean manufacturing to be an interesting concept. When I think of lean I think of continuous improvement, and always trying to reach close to perfect. I also note your point about true north taking a long time for a company to achieve.
Nikolaus Correll
@Renee I also have wondered about the optimal Kanban order at first. Mixing the parts uniformly will lead to a balanced distribution at the outflow, optimally meeting the customer orders, which came in with the same distribution. Ideally, change over time is zero too. Of course neither is attainable in practice and reducing change overs might be the actual optimum – impossible to get to true north.
@Hemuth, yes, fluctuations (mura) often both generate and hide waste (muda). That is why Toyota considers fluctuations worse than waste. The worst is still overburden (muri)
Hi Nikolaus, actually, having a lot size of 1 is one of the true north goals that are actually achievable 🙂
"Faster, Better, Cheaper"
If you like my blog posts, maybe you are also interested in my book: Roser, Christoph, 2016. "Faster, Better, Cheaper" in the History of Manufacturing: From the Stone Age to Lean Manufacturing and Beyond, 439 pages, 1st ed. Productivity Press.
What Is Your Production Capacity?
The (True) Difference Between Push and Pull
What Exactly Is Jidoka?
How Cheap Can You Make it?
Respect for People – Introduction
Glossary of Lean Production Related Terms
Line Layout Strategies – Part 2: I-, U-, S-, and L-Lines
How Many Kanbans? – The Kanban Formula, Part 1
The Kingman Formula – Variation, Utilization, and Lead Time
amazon Analysis Availability Bottleneck Buzzwords Celebration CONWIP Critical Thinking Decision Making Design for Manufacturing Efficiency Fails FiFo History Industry 4.0 Information Flow Inventory Job Shop Kanban KPI Lean Tools Leveling Losses Management Material Flow Motivation Muda NoRepost OEE Plant Tour Practice Problem Solving Process Confirmation Psychology Pull Quality Sequencing Shopfloor SMED Speed Standard Toyota Training Visualization Waste
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You are here: Home / Archives for Steve Leventhal
Steve Leventhal
App Version 1.6.2 Released
November 13, 2020 by Steve Leventhal
Release 1.6.2 of the InternetFM app is here and it features a "sideways" view that allows for users with pop sockets or car mounts to rotate the view 90 degrees. By going into Settings -> Button Layout users can select three different views: 2 x 3, 3 x 2, and 1 x 6 The latest release also now includes login and user registration. Going forward, we will be adding new … [Read more...] about App Version 1.6.2 Released
The Wrecking Crew – Creator/Producer Denny Tedesco talks with Dave Rusch
October 5, 2020 by Steve Leventhal
After getting an offer at a Niagara Falls dance to play for a traveling band, Denny Tedesco's father Tommy takes his guitar to L.A and eventually becomes part of the 60's and 70's group of studio musicians "The Wrecking Crew". They played for The Beach Boys, Mamas and Papas, The Byrds, Sonny and Cher, The Monkees, and many more. Several members of the fabled Wrecking Crew went … [Read more...] about The Wrecking Crew – Creator/Producer Denny Tedesco talks with Dave Rusch
InternetFM app version 1.6 released
September 22, 2020 by Steve Leventhal
We are pleased to make available a new update to the InternetFM app. It includes several new features, new stations, and updated artwork. The most important enhance found in this version is the sideways view. Turn your mobile phone 90 degrees to get our horizontal view of the radio dashboard. If you have a pop socket, sit it on a table or desktop. If you have a car adapter, … [Read more...] about InternetFM app version 1.6 released
Today in Rock History – September 3
September 3, 2020 by Steve Leventhal
1966, Donovan went to number one on the US singles chart with "Sunshine Superman," a number two hit in the UK. The track featured then Yardbird and future Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page. 1967, During a 10-date tour of Sweden, The Jimi Hendrix Experience appeared at the Liseburg in Gothenburg, Sweden. 1968, After a two week absence, Ringo Starr rejoined The Beatles. Upon … [Read more...] about Today in Rock History – September 3
Today in Rock History – August 20
August 19, 2020 by Steve Leventhal
1965, The Rolling Stones' manager Andrew Loog Oldham and his partner Tony Calder launched Immediate records. Their first release was The McCoy's "Hang On Sloopy." Mick Jagger, Eric Clapton and Nico all attended the launch party. The label became the home of The Small Faces, The Nice, Amen Corner and Chris Farlowe and a young producer, guitarist Jimmy Page. 1966, The … [Read more...] about Today in Rock History – August 20

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: How to pass value to AutoMapper Profile projection? We have a view of a list of support tickets.
We now have the requirement to show an additional icon, if the current logged in user has replied to a support ticket.
This means we have to add an additional property to our projection, we cannot just filter on the list of the current user.
Now our idea is to map this additional property with the profile. But we have no idea how we can pass the current user id to the profile.
At the and it could look like this
public class SupportTicketProjectionProfile : AutoMapper.Profile
{
    public SupportTicketProjectionProfile()
    {
        CreateMap<SupportTicketEntity, SupportTicketProjection>()
            .ForMember(p => p.CurrentUserHasReplied,
               opt => opt.MapFrom(e=>e.Editors.Any(editor=> editor.Id == **passedIdValue**))

But how to pass the userId?
We found we can pass a Dictionary<string, object> to the ProjectTo method. Bot we cannot find any documentation how to access this dictionary in the AutoMapper profile.
Thanks for any hints.

A: I finally found the trick: create a temporary mapping model.
public class SupportTicketUserContextExpressionModel
{
    public SupportTicketEntity SupportTicket { get; set; }
    public bool UserHasReplied { get; set; }
}

With the help of the (lets name it) expression model you can inject additional sub-query results:
var query = _dbContext.SupportTickets
    .Select(ticket => new
    {
        ticket,
        hasReplied = ticket.Editors.Any(e => e.UserId == userId)
    })
    .Select(temp => new SupportTicketUserContextExpressionModel
    {
        SupportTicket = temp.ticket,
        HasReplied = temp.hasReplied
    }));

Now you need a new additional profile:
CreateMap<SupportTicketUserContextExpressionModel, SupportTicketUserView>()
     .ForMember(p => p.TicketId,
         opt => opt.MapFrom(e => e.SupportTicket.Id))

     // more here

     .ForMember(p => p.UserHasReplied,
         opt => opt.MapFrom(e => e.HasReplied));

And at the and you can use the profile for your ProjectTo:
.ProjectTo<SupportTicketUserView>(_mapper.ConfigurationProvider);

Thanks, Ben!

A: Map
You can use resolution context dictionary, you pass when mapping objects. This is is much more difficult to maintain and debug than just assigning a filed after the mapping. If there will be new fields outside source class assigned you can also consider creating two mappings for 2 source classes. That being said here's the code:
Mapping class:
Mapper.CreateMap<Src, Dest>()
    .ForMember(dest => dest.Param
        , opt => opt.ResolveUsing((src, dest, destMember, resContext)
            => src.Param = resContext.Items["item"]));

You can also pass the dictionary to nested objects mapping as. Mapper object and dictionary is accessible via resolution context.
Mapper.CreateMap<Src, Dest>()
    .ForMember(dest => dest.Param
        , opt => opt.ResolveUsing((src, dest, destMember, resContext)
            => resContext.Mapper.Map<NestedDestClass>(src, opts =>
                {
                    opts.Items["item"] = resContext.Items["item"];
                }
            )));

Mapping objects
var dto = Mapper.Map<Dest>(item,
    opts => opts.Items["item"] = "somevalue");

Here's a fiddle
ProjectTo
You can use dictionaries when working with ProjectTo mappings. To do that you have to specify mapping definition where we create a runtime parameter, then at execution time when we supply it.
To create the mapping definition with a runtime parameter, we "fake" a closure that includes a named local variable. We can't access the "real" value we'd use during execution in our configuration, so we create a stand-in that still creates a closure for us. The underlying expression tree that gets built recognizes this external input and creates a placeholder parameter to be supplied at runtime.
var configuration = new MapperConfiguration(cfg =>
    string name = null;
    cfg.CreateMap<Dest, Source>()
        .ForMember(m => m.CurrentUserName, opt => opt.MapFrom(src => name))
    ));

When executing the projection, we can supply our parameter value with a dictionary (example with annonymus object is available in documentation )
data.ProjectTo<OrderLineDTO>(configuration, new Dictionary<string, object> {["name"] = "test"}).ToList();

When the projection is executed by the underlying LINQ provider, the correct runtime value is replaced in the expression, letting you use per-map runtime values in your projections. You can use these runtime values in any configuration option that works off an expression

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Tag Archives for " independent mortgage adviser Shopp Hill "
Getting a remortgage in Shopp Hill.
Quite simply, remortgaging is the term given to the process of switching onto a new mortgage deal - either with the same or a different lender. This can be done in your Shopp Hill local bank branch or for a mortgage broker in Shopp Hill.
What do you need to consider when remortgaging in Shopp Hill?
Our local Shopp Hill mortgage advisor will talk through what called a fact find which then helps to direct the broker on what mortgage product would be best suited for yourself.
A buy to let mortgage is a loan for purchasing or refinancing residential property which is let to tenants rather than lived in by the borrower. Classed as a business transaction, rates and fees are typically higher than those you would find with a standard residential mortgage. Most properties that are for rent in Shopp Hill will have a buy to let mortgage attached.
How much deposit do I need to buy a house in Shopp Hill?
There are many different mortgage deals to pick from, so choosing the right one for you can be tricky. It can depend on a number of factors, so itís a good idea to do some research and talk to qualified Shopp Hill mortgage broker.
What should I consider when applying for a mortgage in Shopp Hill?
Your mortgage adviser will ask you about your preferences and discuss your needs and circumstances with the mortgage broker in Shopp Hill before deciding which mortgage to recommend to you.


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filter your search All contentAll journalsBiology Open
FIRST PERSON| 27 July 2022
First person – Mai Nguyen
In collection: BiO: First Person interviews
© 2022. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.
Biol Open (2022) 11 (7): bio059519.
https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.059519
A related article has been published: Cytoneme-like protrusion formation induced by LAR is promoted by receptor dimerization
Article Versions Icon Versions
Version of Record 27 July 2022
First person – Mai Nguyen. Biol Open 15 July 2022; 11 (7): bio059519. doi: https://doi.org/10.1242/bio.059519
First Person is a series of interviews with the first authors of a selection of papers published in Biology Open, helping early-career researchers promote themselves alongside their papers. Mai Nguyen is first author on 'Cytoneme-like protrusion formation induced by LAR is promoted by receptor dimerization', published in BiO. Mai conducted the research described in this article while a PhD student in Makoto Sato's lab at Osaka University, Japan. She is now a researcher at Meiji Co., Ltd., Tokyo, investigating the formation of membrane protrusions in cellular communication.
Describe your scientific journey and your current research focus
I was fortunate enough to be funded by the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) throughout my studies from undergraduate to PhD, which gave me the opportunity to build up foundation in biological sciences and further my education in molecular biology in the field of neuroscience. During my undergraduate degree, I had a chance to do research in the Laboratory of Synaptic Plasticity (Dr Akihiko Ogura's Lab) at the School of Science, Osaka University, where I performed research on the effects of excess stress on memory formation in the developing brain. Then I became interested in how such brain functions are implemented, directing my attention to how neural circuits are formed. Eager to study more about neural circuit formation, I joined the Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience (Dr. Makoto Sato's Lab) for a 5-year doctoral program at the Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University. My work there focused on the molecular mechanism of circuit formation in nerve fibers that extend from the cerebral cortex to the subcortex, focusing on the corticospinal tract. To my surprise, I discovered the ability of LAR to induce long and branching protrusions in HEK293T cells, which led me to pursue this exciting research topic.
"To my surprise, I discovered the ability of LAR to induce long and branching protrusions in HEK293T cells"
Who or what inspired you to become a scientist?
As a child I was always eager to learn more and discover things on my own. I enjoyed doing simple experiments described in the encyclopedia that my family gave me as a gift. My inspiration for science, however, became clear when I was studying at primary school. I was very impressed with the images of the cells when I first saw them in a textbook titled Przyroda, meaning 'Nature'. As I remember correctly, there were images of animal and plant cells together with the text explaining their structural differences. I was instantly fascinated by the fact that the cell is the smallest unit that constitutes the human body. From that very moment, I decided to become a biologist, and I have pursued the path of becoming a scientist ever since.
How would you explain the main finding of your paper?
Humans are multi-cellular organisms. In order for such organisms to function, cells need to communicate with each other. Until now, cellular communication has mostly been categorized into four major types: direct contact, paracrine, endocrine, and synaptic (neuronal). However, in addition to these well-characterized methods for cell signaling, an increasing number of studies have shown the importance of a special type of cellular protrusion called a cytoneme, meaning 'thread-like cytoplasm'. In this research, we have shown that a transmembrane protein called LAR and its dimer formation stimulate the growth of ultra-long and complexly branched cytoneme-like protrusions in mammalian cells. Our results emphasize the importance of LAR function in all of the processes of protrusion formation: from initial growth to elongation, and, importantly, branching, which supports cellular communication.
The formation of long and branching cytoneme-like protrusions is promoted by leukocyte common antigen-related (LAR) receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase dimerization. This merged confocal image shows a HEK293T cell expressing dimerization-inducible pair of LARs: V5_LAR_FRBLgBiT (green) and Myc_LAR_FKBPSmBiT (magenta), in which formation of an ultra-long and branching protrusion was observed following 24 hours of rapamycin application for LAR dimerization induction.
What are the potential implications of this finding for your field of research?
Although previous studies have shown the importance of thin membrane protrusions, including cytonemes, in cell signaling, a complete understanding of the mechanism by which these structures are formed is lacking, especially in mammals. Our findings, thus, contribute to the understanding of how these morphological features are established, and suggest their possible role in the mammalian cellular system. I believe our findings might be the foundation of describing a common mechanism by which membrane protrusions are formed, facilitating cellular communication.
"I believe our findings might be the foundation of describing a common mechanism by which membrane protrusions are formed, facilitating cellular communication."
Which part of this research project was the most rewarding?
Observing the intriguing phenomenon of non-neuronal cells forming ultra-long and complexly branched protrusions was fascinating. The fact that this finding was unexpected made the experience even more rewarding!
What piece of advice would you give to the next generation of researchers?
If you find something that interests you, follow it. It may feel difficult in the moment, especially when you don't know the outcome and there are more questions than answers. However, do not give up just because others disagree with your idea. Instead, cherish it and test it empirically. I think it is crucial to focus on the excitement that your research brings and its future implications. These will give you motivation to continue your scientific journey, which I believe is the key to great discoveries.
After graduating from the PhD program, I began my research career at Meiji Co., Ltd. I look forward to broadening my research interests and collaborating with researchers from other fields of studies. I hope this will allow me to make many remarkable discoveries in the future!
Mai Nguyen's contact details: Meiji Co., Ltd. Meiji Innovation Center 1-29-1 Nanakuni, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0919 Japan
E-mail: quynhmai.nguyen@meiji.com or mainq23@gmail.com
M. Q.
Taniguchi
Yasumura
Iguchi
. (
Cytoneme-like protrusion formation induced by LAR is promoted by receptor dimerization
bio059024
A Year at the Forefront of...
BiO's new 'A Year at the Forefront of…' series of Review articles by early-career reseearchers aims to highlight key developments that have made an impact in a specific biological field during the past year. Read more and propose a Review here.
Resources for early-career researchers
BiO and our publisher The Company of Biologists offer a number of practical ways to help you meet the unique needs and challenges you may encounter as an early-career researcher (ECR). Visit our dedicated ECR webpage to find out more.
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In this Future Leader Review, Angie Yu Ching Poon and Ryohichi Sugimura discuss recent progress in genetically engineering natural killer cells for cancer immunotherapy.
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What came out of the EX OVO this year?
Endowment Fund VENTURE in cooperation with the internet magazine FEMME.sk, the Academy of fine arts and design and the secondary arts schools prepared a second edition of the competition for design Easter eggs of the year 2012 with the name EX OVO. The winning and the most interesting works are presented in Design Studio ÚĽUV at Dobrovičova 13. The exhibition opened on Thursday 8 March at 18.00.
"Easter eggs, as one of the customary tradition, were a special form of folk art. Besides being the symbol of sun, spring, health fertility and the renewal of life, it has also an artistic and visual function, "says Ingrid Abrahamfyová, curator of the exhibition.
Authors worked with both traditional and atypical materials. Eggs were used as merely a starting point in some cases. They suddenly transform into a flower bouquet, lamp or jewellery.
The competition EX OVO was meant for professional designers, artists and students of artistic schools. Only products from traditional chicken, duck or goose eggs were taken into the competition.
The exhibition EX OVO is to be seen in Design Studion ÚĽUV, Dobrovičova 13 in Bratislava, from 8th March until to 4th May 2012.


"organizing atheists has been compared to herding cats, because they tend to think independently and will not conform to authority".
The book itself is not the easiest read, but it is worth the effort. I was at times pleasantly surprised by his manner, "do not call a child a christian child or a muslim child. Instead call them children of christian parents or children of muslim parents." (Children haven't had the chance to decide for themselves what they believe.) and others taken aback by his attitude to eradicate all religion, including the Amish.
He attempts to explain how religion may have come to be so strong and poses an interesting question for those who rely upon a god, heaven and hell to dispense punishment and reward for behavior on this planet, "how moral of a person are you when the only reason for your morality is a belief that you will be punished in the afterlife?" It's a good question. He also notes that christians are way too gleeful at the thought of non-christians burning in hell. What kind of morality is that?
He fails to bring us to an understanding of why so many people believe in a nebulous being in the sky and how religions developed to be so strong all around the world. Perhaps it is because there is no scientific explanation for why people believe in something that is not scientifically provable.


text:
SCDOR vs. Jungle Golf of Windy Hill, Inc., d/b/a Annie Up (Chances Games), et al
Jungle Golf of Windy Hill, Inc., d/b/a Annie Up (Chances Games) and Quick Foods, Inc., d/b/a Gamexpress Amusements
FINAL ORDER
This matter comes for a hearing on December 19, 2000 as a result of an alleged violation of the Video Game Machine Act. Specifically, this matter is before the Court based on the South Carolina Department of Revenue's ("Department") issuance of citations and Final Department Determinations to Respondents for a violation of S.C. Code Ann. § 12-21-2804(A) and 27 S.C. Code Ann. Regs. 117-190 and the Respondent Quick Foods, Inc., d/b/a Gamexpress' (Quick Foods) request for a contested case hearing.
The violation alleged occurred on or about April 18, 2000, in a gaming room called "Annie-Up (Chances Games)" located at 4403 Highway 17 South, North Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. For the offense alleged, the Department seeks to levy a $5,000.00 penalty against Jungle Golf of Windy Hill, Inc., revoke Coin Operated Device License #s: 3164519 (exp. 2001); 3164512 (exp. 2001); 3023036 (exp. 2000); 3164558 (exp. 2001); and 3164531 (exp. 2001); and, prohibit use of machines at the Annie-Up location for six months. Respondent Quick Foods appealed the Department's Determination seeking review of the violation charged and the penalties imposed. Respondent Jungle Golf of Windy Hill, Inc., ("Jungle Golf") failed to appeal, make an appearance, or otherwise plead or respond in the above-captioned matter.
At the commencement of the hearing, the Department of Revenue moved to dismiss Respondent Jungle Golf as a party to the case asserting inter alia that Jungle Golf was in default for failing to comply with the Court's preliminary Orders in this matter; for failing to appear; and, for failing to otherwise perfect an appeal in a timely manner. The Department avers that the Department's Final Department Determination was mailed both to the Jungle Golf corporate address of record with the Department as well as to Respondent Jungle Golf's Registered Agent of Record with the South Carolina Secretary of State's office and that each Final Determination was received at each address. The Department further alleges that by Jungle Golf's overt conduct in failing to respond to the Department's Final Determination, Jungle Golf waived any available remedies under the Administrative Procedures Act and should be dismissed as a Party-Respondent so that the Department can pursue measures to enforce its penalties assessed against the Respondent Jungle Golf.
The Court finds Jungle Golf in default. Jungle Golf failed to respond to this Court's preliminary orders in this matter; it has failed to appear; and, it has failed to plead or otherwise respond to the Department's Final Determination. Consequently, Jungle Golf is in default and is dismissed as a Party-Respondent so that the Department may pursue any penalty enforcement measures against Jungle Golf which the Department has available at this time.
With regard to the Department and Respondent Quick Foods, Inc., it appears the parties resolved this matter prior to the commencement of the hearing; however, each party wished to enter their resolution in the record. As a result, the settlement agreement between the Department and Quick Foods stated herein:
1. The Department and Quick Foods agree to the revocation of two of the four outstanding
licenses in issue held by Quick Foods and designated to expire in 2001.
2. The Department and Quick Foods agree to the non-revocation of the other two
outstanding licenses in issue held by Quick Foods and designated to expire in 2001,
thereby entitling Quick Foods to a refund of the pro-rated value of the two licenses not
hereby revoked. The amount of the refund available to Quick Foods will be the pro-rated
value of the licenses from July 1, 2000 to the date of designated expiration.
3. This Court retains jurisdiction over the Department and Respondent Quick Foods, Inc.,
to insure compliance with the terms of settlement.
4. The remaining matters, if any, between Quick Foods and the Department are dismissed.
THEREFORE IT IS HEREBY ORDERED THAT:
1. Respondent Jungle Golf of Windy Hill, Inc., is in default and is dismissed as a Party-
Respondent in this case thus allowing the Department to pursue assessment and
enforcement of its penalties against Jungle Golf of Windy Hill, Inc.
2. Two of the four of the 2001 machine licenses in issue in this case are revoked.
3. The remaining two 2001 machine licenses in issue are not revoked and Quick Foods, Inc.,
is due a refund in a prorated amount, the value of whih is to be calculated from July 1,
2000 to the designated date of expiration for the two 2001 licenses.
4. That the Court retains jurisdiction to enforce the settlement between Quick Foods, Inc., and
the South Carolina Department of Revenue.
5. The remaining matters, if any, between Quick Foods, Inc., and the Department of Revenue
are dismissed.
WE CONSENT:
Michael K. Kendree
Regulatory Litigation
Attorney for Petitioner
SIMMONS, GRIFFIN & LYDON
Attorney for Respondent Quick Foods, Inc.


text:
Unions Draw Attention to Roberto Cavalli's Future
Luisa Zargani
Image Courtesy of Giovanni Giannoni/WWD
MILAN — Who will invest in Roberto Cavalli and how?
These questions sparked unions Filctem Cgil and Femca Cisl to issue a note on Friday to express concern about the future of the company's workers and the production sites in Sesto Fiorentino, outside Florence, and Milan.
"Over the past few years, we've seen a strong restructuring and the closure of stores, changes in ownership, designers and managers, and we are worried about the future of the employees," Mirko Zacchei, member of trade union Cisl, told WWD. "We've been asking for a meeting with the owners [investment fund Clessidra SGR], but it's been pushed back again and again and there is a cloud of mystery that is incredible. Now we've been asked us to wait until a board meeting to be held on March 13 — unless that is postponed, too."
Zacchei said the brand remains "strong" and the unions know there is interest in buying the company, but the unions are asking to be informed about possible future industrial plans. "We don't want to see the company being split up. The idea was to leave Sesto Fiorentino and move to the center of Florence, which would mean losing the production platform, and this
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Full Story at WWD…
Bonobos' Spaly Hits SXSW With Advice for Start-ups
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L.A. Clipper Montrezl Harrell builds a stellar sneaker collection — one rare pair at a time
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Timeline: Highlights from a century of signature kicks
Here's how brand-endorsed NBA players get perfectly fitting footwear


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More waste this week 😦 Almost a full 500ml tub of Greek yoghurt and remnants of our weekly tub of salad. Not the worst but its still waste.
I made these super easy and simply delicious Cake Mix Cookie Bars for dessert on Valentine's Day 2014 using and substituting what I had on hand in the pantry. Talk about being frugal 😉 It barely took me 10 minutes from gathering the ingredients to getting them into the oven.
The first I tried was made by Tresseme – I can't recall which formula it was (apparently they make 3 varieties). It. Was. Horrible. My hair looked like I had dunked it into a bucket of grease and the scent was not pleasing at all. I tossed it immediately after giving it three good tries. Why on earth would I want to pass on this nastiness? Sorry Tresseme, no bueno.
Totally would recommend this product!
Are you a fan of dry shampoo's? Which brand is your favourite?
Note: I have not received any form of compensation for this post/review. All opinions are my own. Just wanted to share my love for a great product.
Wah-wah. Found 2 x 1/2 pints of blackberries waving at me from the back of the shelf in the fridge. How they got shoved way back there … well, we already know how things get shoved to the back of my fridge left to die 😉 I'm sad because I LOVE blackberries. I guess I need to be more diligent with the fridge clean out. Kinda been getting 'lax with it being pregnant and all. We've been cooking up a storm and eating through all the leftovers but its hard to know what is what when your fridge is full of unlabeled margarine containers. Don't get me wrong – we do have clear/transparent food storage containers but dad's preference is using the margarine tubs aka 'Chinese Tupperware'. Its to the point where I can't keep up with the labeling of them 😦 Onwards & upwards I say. Here's to hoping next week is better!
Edited to add: There has been a long standing margarine tub of sauce floating around our fridge. Usually we eat spaghetti quite often so we often roll the leftover remnants of the sauce into the next batch but for some reason dad decided to boycott it and bounce it off of our weekly rotation. The sauce has now been sitting there for 3 weeks+. Each time I've asked to put it into the freezer, I was met with dad shouting his displeasure. So there it sat. Today – he wanted to know if I thought it should be a spaghetti night and I said "Sure. Its been a while. Kinda miss it." But then I added a stipulation – ONLY if he made a FRESH batch of sauce and we could toss the old. He agreed and while he was agreeing, I'll admit it – I was almost done emptying the contents of that old sauce in to the compost bin – so he couldn't roll it into the new batch of sauce sneakily. Am I evil for doing that??
I don't know if it's a case of the winter blah's, me being tired of routine meals (dad's been stuck in a rut lately and has been cycling through the same 5 meals back to back) or my new 'nesting' instinct from being pregnant but I was really craving something different for dinner. Dad was ecstatic for two reasons. Firstly, it was something "we" don't eat at home (he always refuses to eat Thai when we're out though the hubster and I offer to bring it home for him). Secondly, this one simple fact: he didn't have to cook it nor clean up after it.
This dish was very easy to throw together and cook. I was done in under 30 minutes granted I did use a prepared sauce from a jar (yes, I totally cheated and feel no guilt about it) and prepped both the veggies and chicken beforehand so when it came time to cook, it literally was a 'throw it together in one pot and let it do its thing' type affair. Who doesn't like easy peasy?
Saute 1lb thinly sliced chicken for about 5 minutes – does not need to be fully cooked.
While waiting, I opened the sauce and took a taste. WOW. Hello concentrated flavours! At this point, knowing that dad isn't a fan of strong flavours I immediately decided that I'd need to water down the sauce just a tad for him. Figured I'd rinse out the jar with a bit of water vs scraping it to death with a spatula trying to get my entire $3 of sauce worth outta it.
Next, I added the sauce (including the shaken out sauce remainders from the jar) then mixed well.
Let it sit, mingle and get their 'party on'. Again, without supervision under cover of course. Probably another 10 minutes.
Once the rice was done and the curry was ready, I plated it up.
Dad was served the first plate. He eagerly snatched up his spoon and dove in. He took 3 good long bites, carefully trying to taste everything and his only comments were 'Its good. But no salt?' Um…the salt I'm pretty sure is in the sauce there dad. I didn't add any extra, that's for sure. (We've been omitting extra salt in our cooking due to dad having had his TIA. I figured the jar had enough already in it) He then added that he did like it but worried we wouldn't have liked it due to lack of salt. He's cute, no? BTW in case you were wondering, it was plenty flavourful for both the hubster and I. Even without the extra salt.
Bonus – this was a very frugal meal for 4 generous sized portions cooked at home. The cost of ingredients used to make this was about the cost of 1-2 portions out at a Thai restaurant.
What's your favourite easy peasy/one pot meal?
The hubster and I aren't the type that believe in Hallmark holidays (well, putting money into someone else's pockets for no good reason). Don't get us wrong but why would we choose to celebrate our love for one another on one specific day, as dictated by someone else? What about the other 364 days of the year? Since we aren't celebrating on those days, does that mean we don't love one another? Its a bizarre concept to me. Maybe I am (we are) the only odd ball(s) that thinks that way. But at least we're on the same page about it 🙂 Not trying to belittle this holiday either as it may move mountains for some while others want to bury their heads in the sand or jump off a bridge – its all about marketing IMO.
I decided to make a nice dinner for us to enjoy. (dad too!) It's something I don't make often so it truly is a treat for us.
Dessert: cake mix cookie bars – HOLY. YUMMERS!
Suffice to say, I showed love to everyone's stomach this year. Mission accomplished!
How did you celebrate/observe Valentine's Day?
Happy Valentine's Day to those that observe/celebrate – might consider baking up a quick and easy festive treat to surprise the hubster when he returns home from work later tonight. A pink cake or cookies perhaps?
Noticing a lil bit more empty shelf space in my HBA stockpile cupboard, I decided to take a look at my list to see how many samples I truly have used up. You can read more about my personal challenge/goal that I decided upon here.
That's a total of 14 trial sized items outta my cupboard! Woohoo!!
Keeping with the theme of using up what I have in stock (har, har) I decided to keep track of my full sized products used up/finished off as well. These could've been partially used up products that were placed back into the cupboard (or elsewhere) to be used at a later date or something that didn't work at the time I decided to use/try them.
That's a total of 7 FULL SIZED items outta here! Yikes!
I'm so glad to see more and more space in that cupboard while knowing I'm saving money by not going out and buying more. Who doesn't love saving money and shopping at home? Nothing more frugal then that right?
Now – I need to continue making more room so I can start to stockpile baby care items next LOL (Sad thing is, I'm half joking and half serious) Eeesh.
Anyone else doing this lil challenge with me? What have you used up recently?
At dad's request – we made an effort to gather the entire family for Chinese New Year's Eve Dinner. Dad's request was made very last minute despite all his children checking in earlier within the month to see if we were going to gather for the annual tradition.
This year that happened to take place on the eve of Thursday January 30th, 2014.
Everyone left with full bellies, QT with dad and the rest of the family and leftovers (*lol*) to ring in the new year.
2014 – The Year Of The Horse!
No waste this week! I turned all the leftover produce into another crockpot of 'clean out the fridge vegetable/lentil soup' 🙂 This might be my new trick seeing that it works so well around here. Our produce consumption has decreased probably because its winter and well…raw veggies don't fly off outta the fridge as fast as they do in the hot summers. I wonder if this decrease has contributed to us all catching colds more often? After all we're not eating our vitamins like we used to and we're not ones to take multivitamins/supplements. Hmm….


Elections are one of the important events in the history of the state. The presidential election in the U.S.A., of course, became one of the main events of the year not just in the U.S., but around the world. The U.S elections 2012 were on the front pages of all worldwide publications. The first two media "splash" is clearly superimposed on the first and second rounds of the presidential debate (October 3, it was in Denver, 16 - in Hampstead). The third round of public debate between Barack Obama and Mitt Romney (22 October - Boca Raton) has attracted little less media attention (Reston, Maeve. Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 18, 2011). "The election process" combines the publication on the electoral campaign in the general rankings of candidates, their campaign trips around the country, and the nature of the U.S. electoral system. The articles included in the group of the "Results" focused on the voting results, the first steps of Obama's re-election, and projections for the future U.S. policy.
Interest groups sponsor the media of political campaign advertisement around the world. Interest groups have the leading role in the presidential elections, and the USA is not an exception. The television advertisement proposes the formula for success; they think that the spending on negatory ads is more effective. The electioneering for the media is also spread with the help of airwaves. President Obama preserved the fundamental role in both Facebook and Twitter. He had 27 million followers to the end of the election (Boston Globe. November 9, 2012).
It sounds ironical, but namely the digital recourses have the possibility to revive the epoch when the personal interaction of the candidate with the electors can bring him the votes. The increase of the digital capabilities enabled different ways of approaching electors.. Also. it is observed that a candidate has to fulfill the requirements of the voters. The social platform has become the main area for the exchange of news, thoughts, and forecasts in the election. Nowadays, the social networks such as Facebook and Twitter became so popular that for the candidates, it is an excellent opportunity to gain additional votes. It provides a huge support for candidates helping to develop the topic of the election among PC, laptops, and mobile devices users and to inform people about the campaign and the election. The audience transformed into the media; the users are sources of information, increasing the effect of the comments, popular opinion, and the influence on their own social circle. Before the elections, Facebook introduced a map of voting which helped to see how many people shared with their friends the massage "I went to the 2012 election" (The Washington Post. October 24, 2012). Video service YouTube is broadcasting major events; it had a special channel YouTube Elections Hub which covered the basic political issues before and during elections and the discussions between the competitors. At the beginning of 2012, the social network Google has become the platform to broadcast the dialogues between Obama and Romney. For this purpose, there was created the function Google+ "Hangouts". Twitter got a great platform for discussions, it also contained voters' opinions; with the help of it, people could make an assumption about the results of the elections. The candidates also used the application in spite of their own pages on social networks. It gave their followers the opportunity to find out much more information about the news of parties and the results of campaigns in live mode.
The campaign financing the presidential election became a record. They spent more than $ 2 billion. The record was the number of candidates (27) fighting for the U.S. presidency in different states. The funds had four money streams in 2012: the campaign of Obama and the campaign of Romney, DNC and RNC, and PACs. All of them had to give the reports to the Federal Election Commission. The media requires the huge funds. The basic part of financing campaign was spent on advertisement (it includes television, radio, newspapers, billboards, social networks, different meeting with voters, and agitation program), mail, payment for workers and crowd financing. Thus, the spending on the ads of Barack Obama made $ 239 million, and the candidate Mitt Romney spent $ 273 million. The payroll of Obama cost $ 102 thousand while his opponent laid out only $ 50 thousand.
Barack Obama (Democrat), Mitt Romney (Republican), Gary Johnson (Libertarian), Jill Stein (Green), and Virgil Goode (Constitution) took part in the American elections in 2012. Finally, the fighting for the presidential seat flamed up between Obama and Romney. These two candidates gained the highest rating of the elections – 47% and 40%. There were also three minor parties gaining 5% altogether: Gary Johnson had 3 %, Jill Stein – 1%, and Virgil Goode – 0, 5% (The Washington Post. October 24, 2012).
Regarding the polarization of the society, there is observed a big divergence of priorities of the different political forces in America. The society has high hopes for a change in course and thought believing that each decision can change their fate. Barack Obama was reelected as the president; nevertheless, the government continues to be divided in spite of the determined choice of the nation. Democrats led by Obama make the majority; Republicans led by Romney still regulate the House of Representatives. Thereby, the economic prospects of the United States are determined because of the disagreement between two political forces. Each side does not have a strong mandate to come to the mutual decision. It will be difficult for the Senate to find the right way of solving the problem. Polarization in the government after the elections prevents conducting policy. Each side tries to interfere with its own political system and new ideas in relation to economical situation in the country to improve the different system in the whole parties of the state.
A lot of administrators bear responsibility for organization and holding elections in the U.S.A. and also summing-up and announcement of the results. They have the significant and complicated set of assignments — establishment the precise dates for elections, ensuring the rights of candidates, enrollment of voters and production of voter lists and voting facilities, planning ballots, arrangement a large number of labor force to control the voting on Election Day, and certification the results.
The process of the U.S. presidential election was an unexpected event. The voting process includes in two phases. To participate in the elections, the voters need to register; then they get into the national lists. The citizens vote close to their home. In case a person moves in another state, he/she needs to register again at his new address. The registration system was operated to obviate cheat, but the process passes from state to state for the registered voters. Recently, the country has adopted more difficult registration; for instance, the voters have to show identity card. There is also restriction of the voter enrollment drives and abolition of the registration on Election Day. The presidential elections are held in the United States in two steps system. Then, the Electoral College elects the future head of the state. The constitution of the College consists of 538 people. The number of electors from a state should be equal to the number of its representatives in the U.S. Congress. A candidate should receive at least 270 votes to win. Each state makes their lists of electors. The party affiliation of electors who will vote determines whose candidates who receive more votes. In some states, a candidate can win with the large majority; in others states – to lose with the slight difference. The number of electors from each state in the U.S. is determined by the censure of enumeration which is conducted every 10 years. The population census of 2010 became a new base for the distribution of 538 votes among the states.
The number of people who took part in the presidential elections in the United States has no legal counting, so there is no formal method of calculation of voter turnout. Particularly, the problem of accurate calculation is connected to the lack of a general federal registry of voters. The procedure of the active registration practices in the field (citizens should express their desire to participate in the election), its methods, and electoral qualification may vary from state to state. Nevertheless, the experts and academics (political scientists, sociologists) as well as the media paid to this indicator a lot of attention. They can use three main methods of calculating turnout – the total number of people in the country who have reached the age of suffrage to vote (from 18 years): firstly, it depends on the number of citizens with elective franchise, and secondly, the number of registered voters.
Social groups are the main subject of politics, which are included in a specific way in a competitive relationship concerning the government. In general, the group fixes the similarity of people, both innate feature and gaining features during the life.
The experience shows that the interconnection of interest groups and their various relationships have a significant impact on the political processes. The promotion of group interests in the sphere of public authority specifies for the formation of special institutions that have the opportunity to influence the state corresponding to needs of social groups. These aspects make the contents of the social representation.
The basic elements of the system are, first of all, the sources and cause of political participation, secondly, the process of self-organization, and lastly, the formation of representative structures and its interaction with the government.
The presidential elections in the United States were successful and confident. Barack Obama was sure in his victory, because he gained 332 votes and became the 57-th president (BBC News. November 8, 2012. Retrieved November 10, 2012).


In an all out effort to boost his prestige abroad, President Obama has decided that his apology tours were just not as effective as he hoped and he has decided to become more indispensable to foreign leaders.
At over six feet tall, the US president was photographed bending to nearly a 90 degree angle when he greeted the relatively diminutive Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko at the Imperial Palace on Saturday.
I, quite frankly, believe that there is a little more going on here than the Telegraph was willing to report.
Obama had previously tried out his new foreign policy in Saudi Arabia when he visited King Abdullah.
Only time will tell if this new policy of 'engagement' will reap any benefits for the United States.
The image conscious National Football League, which determined that Rush Limbaugh was not worthy enough to become one of its illustrious owners, fined Tennessee Titans' owner, Bud Adams, $250,000 for giving the bird to Buffalo fans a number of times as he celebrated his team's win over the Bills.
In an article published online by CBS Sports, they reported that the "NFL has had 460 incidences of players having run-ins with the law between 2000-present."
Rush Limbaugh would have certainly added a lot of class to this group of infamous citizens that includes Plaxico Burress, Ray Lewis, Pacman Jones, Ricky Williams, Michael Vick, and now Bud Adams, to name just a few.
The Indianapolis Colts beat the New England Patriots 35-34 Sunday night to remain undefeated (9-0).
While the government is reporting that the official unemployment rate is at 10.2%, the New York Times is reporting a much bleaker, albeit unofficial, figure here.
In all, more than one out of every six workers — 17.5 percent — were unemployed or underemployed in October.
The economic stimulus that the Obama administration is overseeing is obviously not working. If anything is going to help get us out of this economic meltdown, tax cuts and incentives for the private sector to hire new workers would seem to be the answer to the increasing number of unemployed workers. Unfortunately, I don't believe Obama has the vision to see beyond his never-ending quest for undeserved income redistribution.
After taking nearly one million dollars from the Republican party in her bid to represent New York's 23rd congressional district in Congress, 'Republican' Dede Scozzafava saw the hand-writing on the wall and withdrew from the race over the weekend, then promptly endorsed the Democratic candidate, Bill Owens, over Conservative Party candidate, Doug Hoffman.
One can only wonder if she is related to Senator Arlen Spector (Ex-RINO - PA).


text:
Atilla ist die neunte Oper (Originalbezeichnung: "Dramma lirico") von Giuseppe Verdi. Sie besteht aus einem Prolog und drei Akten. Das Libretto von Temistocle Solera, vollendet von Francesco Maria Piave, basiert auf der romantischen Tragödie Attila, König der Hunnen von Zacharias Werner. Die Uraufführung fand am 17. März 1846 im Teatro La Fenice in Venedig statt und erhöhte Verdis Popularität. Verdi selbst sprach in einem Schreiben an die Gräfin Maffei, Ehefrau des Dichters Andrea Maffei, des Librettisten von Macbeth und I masnadieri, am Tag nach der Premiere von einem "anständigen Erfolg".

Handlung
Die Oper spielt in Aquileia, in den adriatischen Lagunen und in Rom in der Mitte des 5. Jahrhunderts.
Der heidnische Hunnenkönig Attila, der schon in der literarischen Vorlage im Gegensatz zur historischen Überlieferung an die germanischen Götter wie Wodan glaubt, erobert Aquileia, lässt dessen Herrscher töten und will von hier aus Rom angreifen. Odabella, die Tochter des Herrschers von Aquileia, beeindruckt Attila mit ihrem Mut und ihrer Schönheit, so dass er um sie wirbt. Doch die stolze junge Frau will den Tod ihres Vaters rächen. Sowohl der römische Feldherr Ezio als auch Odabellas Geliebter Foresto und Odabella selbst wollen aus unterschiedlichen Beweggründen das Vaterland vom hunnischen Eroberer befreien. Wie die biblische Judith ersticht sie schließlich Attila.

Historischer Hintergrund
Der Hunnenkönig Attila war der erfolgreichste Eroberer zur Zeit der Völkerwanderung. 452 fiel er mit seinem Heer in Italien ein und zerstörte die Stadt Aquileia. Die Bewohner Aquileias flohen in die venezianischen Lagunen und legten damit die Keimzelle Venedigs. Noch im selben Jahr konnte Papst Leo der Große Attila zum Abzug bewegen. Attila starb 453 in der Hochzeitsnacht mit seiner letzten Frau, der Gotin Ildikó (Hildico), an einem Blutsturz. Nach einer anderen, späteren Überlieferung wurde er von Hildico ermordet. (In der Oper tritt Odabella an die Stelle der Gotin.) Der ehrgeizige weströmische Feldherr Flavius Aëtius, in der Oper Ezio genannt, ist in der Oper zunächst der Unterhändler des weströmischen Kaisers Valentinian III. Nachdem Aëtius zu mächtig zu werden drohte, wurde er im Jahre 454 von Valentinian eigenhändig ermordet.

Prolog
Erstes Bild: Hauptplatz von Aquileia

Attila feiert mit seiner Soldateska die Eroberung von Aquileia. Unter den gefangenen Kriegerinnen beeindruckt ihn deren Anführerin Odabella, die Tochter des getöteten Herrschers von Aquileia. Ezio, der Feldherr und Gesandte des weströmischen Kaisers Valentinian III., wird bei Attila vorstellig. Doch dessen Vorschlag, Attila möge das römische Weltreich regieren und Italien ihm überlassen, weist der Hunne zurück.

Zweites Bild: Der Rio Alto in den adriatischen Lagunen

Flüchtlinge aus Aquileia siedeln sich in den Lagunen an. Ihr Anführer Foresto macht sich Sorgen um die geliebte Odabella, die in Attilas Gewalt ist.

Erster Akt
Erstes Bild: Wald bei Attilas Lager in der Nähe Roms. Nacht

Odabella hat sich Attilas Heer angeschlossen, um ihren Vater und den vermeintlich toten Geliebten zu rächen. Beim nächtlichen Umherstreifen trifft sie auf Foresto, der ihr Verrat vorwirft. Sie kann ihn aber davon überzeugen, dass sie nach dem Vorbild der biblischen Judith ihr Volk befreien will.

Zweites Bild: Attilas Zelt

Attila wird durch ein Traumgesicht vor dem Feldzug gegen Rom gewarnt.

Drittes Bild: Attilas Lager

Der Hunne will sich nicht schrecken lassen und ruft seine Truppen zum Aufbruch zusammen. Da stellt sich ihm eine Prozession entgegen, in deren Anführer (Papst Leone) er die nächtliche Traumgestalt wiedererkennt. Gleichzeitig erscheinen zwei Gestalten mit drohenden, flammenden Schwertern am Himmel. Attila ist entsetzt.

Zweiter Akt
Erstes Bild: Ezios Lager, unweit von Rom

Kaiser Valentinian hat mit Attila einen Waffenstillstand geschlossen und beordert seinen Feldherrn Ezio zurück. Dieser gehorcht nicht, sondern setzt auf Roms ehemalige Größe und schließt sich Foresto an, der Attila zu ermorden plant.

Zweites Bild: Feldlager Attilas

Der Hunnenkönig gibt ein Festmahl zur Feier des Waffenstillstandes. Odabella verhindert den von Foresto geplanten Mord, weil sie sich um die eigene Tat betrogen fühlt. Sie warnt Attila vor Gift im Trinkbecher und behauptet, den schuldigen Foresto selbst zu bestrafen, um ihn damit Attilas Justiz zu entziehen. Der gerührte und dankbare Hunnenkönig gibt seine Vermählung mit Odabella bekannt.

Dritter Akt
Wald bei Attilas Lager

Foresto und Ezio stehen zum Überfall auf Attila bereit. Foresto ist voller Empörung und Eifersucht und glaubt sich durch Odabella verraten. Diese ist aus Attilas Lager geflohen und beteuert Foresto gegenüber ihre Unschuld und Treue.
Auf der Suche nach Odabella fällt Attila in einen Hinterhalt. Foresto will ihn durchbohren, doch Odabella kommt ihm zuvor und ersticht Attila, um ihren Vater zu rächen: Padre! … ah padre, il sacrificio a te (Vater! … Ah Vater, ich opfere ihn dir).

Gestaltung

Instrumentation
Die Orchesterbesetzung der Oper enthält die folgenden Instrumente:

 Holzbläser: zwei Flöten (2. auch Piccolo), zwei Oboen, Englischhorn, zwei Klarinetten, zwei Fagotte
 Blechbläser: vier Hörner, zwei Trompeten, drei Posaunen, Cimbasso
 Pauken, Schlagzeug: Große Trommel, Becken, Kleine Trommel
 Harfe
 Streicher
 Bühnenmusik: drei Trompeten, Glocke

Musiknummern

Prolog

 Nr. 1. Preludio
 Nr. 2. Introduktion
 Chor: Urli, rapine, gemiti, sangue (Chor) Szene I
 Szene: Eroi, levatevi! (Attila) Szene II
 Chor: Viva il re delle mille foreste (Chor) Szene II
 Nr. 3. Szene und Cavatine
 Szene: Di vergini straniere (Attila, Uldino, Odabella) Szene III
 Cavatina: Allor che i forti corrono (Odabella) Szene III
 Tempo di mezzo: Bella è quell'ira, o vergine (Attila, Odabella) Szene III
 Cabaletta con coro: Da te questo or m'è concesso (Odabella, Attila, Chor) Szene III
 Nr. 4. Szene und Duett
 Szene: Uldino, a me dinanzi (Attila) Szene III-IV-V
 Duett: Tardo per gli anni, e tremulo (Ezio, Attila) Szene V
 Tempo di mezzo: Ma se fratern* vincolo (Ezio, Attila) Szene V
 Cabaletta: Vanitosi!… Che abbietti e dormenti (Attila, Ezio) Szene V
 Nr. 5. Szene und Cavatine des Foresto
 Szene: Qual notte!… – Quai voci!… (Eremiti, Aquileiesi, Foresto) Szene VI-VII
 Cavatina mit Chor: Ella in poter del barbaro! (Foresto, Chor) Szene VII
 Tempo di mezzo: Cessato alfine il turbine (Eremiti, Foresto) Szene VII
 Cabaletta mit Chor: Cara patria, già madre e reina (Foresto, Chor) Szene VII

Erster Akt

 Nr. 6. Szene und Romanze
 Szene: Liberamente or piangi… (Odabella) Szene I
 Romanze: Oh! nel fuggente nuvolo (Odabella) Szene I
 Nr. 7. Szene und Duett
 Szene: Qual suon di passi! – Donna! – Gran Dio!!… (Odabella, Foresto) Szene I-II
 Duett: Sì, quell'io son, ravvisami (Foresto, Odabella) Szene II
 Tempo di mezzo: Va'. – Racconta al sacrilego infame (Foresto, Odabella) Szene II
 Cabaletta: Oh t'inebria nell'amplesso (Foresto, Odabella) Szene II
 Nr. 8. Szene und Arie
 Szene: Uldino! Uldin! (Attila, Uldino) Szene III
 Arie: Mentre gonfiarsi l'anima (Attila) Szene III
 Tempo di mezzo: Raccapriccio! Che far pensi? (Uldino, Attila) Szene III
 Cabaletta: Oltre quel limite (Attila) Szene IV
 Nr. 9. Finale I
 Szene: Parla, imponi – Chi vien? (Chor, Attila, Leone) Szene V-VI
 Finale: No!… non è sogno (Attila, Uldino, Leone, Odabella, Foresto, Chor) Szene VI

Zweiter Akt

 Nr. 10. Szene und Arie
 Szene: Tregua è cogli Unni (Ezio) Szene I
 Arie: Dagli immortali vertici (Ezio) Szene I
 Tempo di mezzo: Chi vien? – Salute ad Ezio – Che brami tu? (Ezio, Chor, Foresto) Szene I-II-III
 Cabaletta: È gettata la mia sorte (Ezio) Szene IV
 Nr. 11. Finale II
 Chor: Del ciel l'immensa volta (Chor) Szene V
 Szene: Ezio, ben vieni! (Attila, Ezio, Druidi) Szene VI
 Chor: Chi dona luce al cor?… (Sacerdotesse) Szene VI
 Seguito del Finale: L' spirto de' monti (Chor, Foresto, Odabella, Ezio, Attila, Uldino) Szene VI
 Szene: Si riaccendan le quercie d'intorno (Attila, Foresto, Odabella) Szene VI
 Stretta: Oh, miei prodi! un sol* giorno (Attila, Odabella, Foresto, Ezio, Uldino, Chor) Szene VI

Dritter Akt

 Nr. 12. Szene und Romanze
 Szene: Qui del convegno è il loco… (Foresto, Uldino) Szene I-II
 Romanze: Che non avrebbe il misero (Foresto) Szene II
 Nr. 13. Terzett
 Terzetto: Che più s'indugia?… (Ezio, Foresto, Odabella, Chor) Szene III-IV
 Nr. 14. Quartett-Finale
 Quartett: Non involarti, seguimi (Foresto, Odabella, Attila, Ezio, Chor) Szene V-VI

Werkgeschichte

Entstehung
Bereits die literarische Vorlage von Zacharias Werner arbeitete wie die griechische Tragödie mit kommentierenden Chören. Als Verdi das Stück im Jahre 1844 kennengelernt hatte, sah er darin einen geeigneten Opernstoff. In einem Brief an den Librettisten Francesco Maria Piave, mit dem er schon bei Ernani zusammengearbeitet hatte, legte Verdi das Exposé einer Oper mit Prolog und drei Akten vor, wobei er auch Änderungen der Handlung vorschlug.

Nach dem Misserfolg mit Alzira wandte sich Verdi jedoch an den Librettisten Solera, der bereits die Texte zu Verdis frühen Erfolgen wie Nabucco, I Lombardi alla prima crociata und Giovanna d'Arco geschrieben hatte. Solera verarbeitete im Libretto die patriotischen Gefühle der italienischen Einigungsbewegung (Risorgimento) und machte in der Oper viele politische Anspielungen.

Verdi begann sofort mit der Komposition, nachdem ihm ein Großteil des Librettos vorlag. Nachdem jedoch Soleras Frau, die Sängerin Teresa Rosmina, an der Mailänder Scala kontraktbrüchig geworden war, zog Solera mit ihr nach Madrid und ließ den letzten Akt unvollendet. Schließlich wandte sich Verdi an den Librettisten Francesco Maria Piave, dem er weitere dramaturgische Anweisungen gab. Nach Vollendung des Librettos übersandte es Verdi an Solera, um dessen Zustimmung zu erlangen. Solera war entsetzt und nannte den Schluss der Oper eine "Parodie", gab aber schließlich seine Zustimmung. Das Zerwürfnis zwischen Verdi und Solera blieb bestehen, und es kam nie wieder zu einer Zusammenarbeit.

Rezeption

Verdi hatte mit dem Nabucco und den Lombarden (I Lombardi alla prima Crociata) bereits zwei Choropern komponiert, die von der italienischen Einigungsbewegung begeistert aufgenommen worden waren.
Nach dem Misserfolg mit Alzira knüpfte Verdis Attila thematisch erneut an die Einigungsbestrebungen (Risorgimento) im zerrissenen Italien an. So gibt es im Attila viele patriotische Anspielungen.

Auch aus diesem Grund eroberte das Werk schnell die Opernbühnen Italiens. Schon bei der zweiten Vorstellung im Teatro La Fenice kannte die Begeisterung nach dem Duett Ezio – Attila im Prolog keine Grenzen.
In einer Textzeile, während der Verhandlungen mit Attila, singt Ezio:

Der Satz fällt in die Schlusszeile der Gesangsstrophe und wird in der letzten Minute des Duetts vierzehn Mal wiederholt. Das Publikum des von den Habsburgern regierten Venedig verstand den Sinn dieser Worte.

Die Oper wurde von vielen italienischen Bühnen nachgespielt. Noch 1864 schrieb der Londoner Impresario Benjamin Lumley, der 1846 Verdis Oper I masnadieri an seinem Theater zur Uraufführung gebracht hatte, dass vielleicht keines von Verdis Werken mehr Begeisterung in Italien ausgelöst habe.

1964 fand im Stadttheater Bremerhaven die bundesdeutsche Erstaufführung der Oper in italienischer Sprache unter der musikalischen Leitung von Generalmusikdirektor Hans Kindler mit Anita Salta als Odabella statt. Anlässlich der Wiedereröffnung des Theaters Bremerhaven im Jahr 2000 gab es dort eine erfolgreiche Neuinszenierung von Peter Grisebach. Seither wird die Oper häufiger gespielt: 2013 folgte eine Inszenierung im Theater St. Gallen, 2016 eine Inszenierung von Peter Konwitschny in Wien und von Bruno Klimek im Pfalztheater Kaiserslautern, 2017 eine Inszenierung von Dietrich W. Hilsdorf im Theater Bonn.

Diskographie (Auswahl)
 Attila mit José van Dam, Ingvar Wixell, Gundula Janowitz, Franco Tagliavini, Bengt Rundgren, Chor und Orchester der Deutschen Oper Berlin unter Giuseppe Patanè, Lyric 1971.
 Attila mit Ruggero Raimondi, Sherrill Milnes, Cristina Deutekom, Carlo Bergonzi, Ambrosian Singers, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra unter Lamberto Gardelli, Philips 1972.
 Attila mit Samuel Ramey, Giorgio Zancanaro, Cheryl Studer, Neil Shicoff, Chor und Orchester der Mailänder Scala unter Riccardo Muti, EMI 1989.

Literatur
 Julian Budden: Attila. Analyse im Beiheft zur CD, Aufnahme Philips 1972.
 Heinz Wagner: Das große Handbuch der Oper. 2. Auflage, Florian Noetzel Verlag Wilhelmshaven 1995, S. 736 f.

Weblinks

 Libretto (italienisch), Venedig 1845. Digitalisat des Münchener Digitalisierungszentrums

 Werkinformationen und Libretto (italienisch) als Volltext auf librettidopera.it

 Kurzinformation bei klassika.info

Einzelnachweise

Oper in italienischer Sprache
Oper von Giuseppe Verdi
Attila
Oper aus dem 19. Jahrhundert
Operntitel
Attila

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


ssh from LAN not working?
I've configured the Wifi to my local network.
I can ssh out of the Omega to other machines.
What I can't do is ssh into the Omega from the local network.
I can ssh from the Omega to itself on its local IP address.
Also, ssh to random ports (ie: 66666) gives me connection refused, whereas just ssh (port 22), hangs silently.
So, it appears that out of the box the firewall is not configured to accept incoming ssh.
Is this correct, how do I fix it, and if not, what is wrong?
Hi @Michael-Karliner, the Omega should be configured to support incoming SSH request. Just to make sure that I understand you correctly, are you trying to access the Omega when both the Omega and your computer are connected to your router, and you are trying to SSH into the Omega's IP that's assigned by your router?
That's correct. However, I have an update.
This is not just an SSH problem.
The same with google or other addresses.
The same with an oupgrade.
And I've connected ESP8266's, Particle's, Raspberry Pi's , etc, etc with it.
ARP is getting screwed up, but I'm reaching the end of my expertise.
Hi @Michael-Karliner, would you be able to tell us which country you are from? In some countries routers are not allowed to use channel 13 (due to some legal restrictions). The Omega might be trying to connect to channel 13.
It appears that the wifi chip you use does not support TKIP encryption.
I switched the router to use AES and everything started working.
You might want to document that.


text:
Joseph d'Arimathie of Estoire dou Graal is een octosyllabische (acht lettergrepen) roman in 3500 verzen, geschreven door Robert de Boron tussen 1190 en 1199. De originele tekst, ondertekend door de auteur, wordt bewaard in een enkel manuscript in de Bibliothèque nationale de France (cote fr. 20047), die ook een fragment in 502 verzen bevat van het primitieve Merlin. Van de prozaversie van Joseph d'Arimathie, een latere versie, vermoedelijk van Robert de Boron, zijn er ongeveer vijftien manuscripten of fragmenten gekend. Joseph van Arimathie, Merlin en  Perceval in prozavormen samen een trilogie genaamd Le Roman du Graal of Roman de l'Estoire du Grall (ook wel Petit Cycle du Graal genoemd).

Verhaal
Robert de Boron, gebaseerd op apocriefe geschriften (het Evangelie van Nikodemus), vertelt dat het laatste maaltijd van Christus werd gehouden bij zijn broer Simon. Jozef van Arimathea, kwam achteraf in het bezit van de gebruikte calix waarmee hij een beetje van het bloed van Jezus verzamelde bij de kruisafname, voordat hij het lichaam in het graf plaatste. Jozef werd door de Joodse autoriteiten in de gevangenis zonder eten gegooid, hij kan overleven dank zij de contemplatie van de Heilige graal. Na twaalf jaar werd hij vrijgelaten door keizer Vespasianus. Hij verliet toen Palestina, richtte een gezelschap van volgelingen op en ze kwamen samen rond een tafel, ter nagedachtenis aan dat van het Laatste Avondmaal, hiermee creëerde hij het idee van de Orde van de Ronde Tafel. Vervolgens gaf hij de Graal aan zijn schoonzoon Bron, Roi Pêcheur, de Visserkoning. Alain, de laatste van de twaalf zonen van Bron, kreeg de kennis van zijn oom Jozef door. Samen met de Heilige Lans en de Heilige Graal ging Alain naar het Eiland Bretagne, Jozelf zelf ging niet mee. Een van Alains zonen zal op een dag de bewaker worden van de Heilige Graal.

Middelfranse literatuur


text:
editor@aahorsham.co.uk
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RH20 3PT
SEDGWICK PARK HOUSE: A SPECIAL PLACE
Published on 7th August 2015
In 1981, the BBC aired a six part drama based on John Wyndham's book, The Day of the Triffids.
Having watched a couple of episodes, it's hard to imagine that these 'mobile carnivorous plants' ever had anyone running for the back of the sofa.
But the series was of interest, as several scenes were filmed at Sedgwick Park House,one of the district's most historically-important buildings. It's had a turbulent life, as a castle, lodge, manor and finally house.
For many years, the house was left vacant, and as a result the grounds became overgrown and the building fell into a state of decay. It's tempting to suggest that this deterioration made it an ideal setting for a television programme in which unruly plants break through windows and devour human victims!
But in truth, it was nearly ten years after the TV series, in 1988, that Sedgwick Park House was left derelict with an unsure future. For much of the 1990s, the estate passed through the hands of several property developers. Ambitious ideas were mooted – including a conversion to a nursing home and the creation of a hotel – but nothing materialised.
Now, the house is returning to its former glory under the guidance of John and Clare Davison, who bought the property in 2001. John concedes that it is Clare who possesses the deeper passion for the estate and who initiatives most of the design ideas for the interior and gardens.
One of her more unusual ideas is insisting that some areas - including the patio area to the rear of the house - grows wild and unkempt. Still though, it's not quite Day of the Triffids!
In fact, Sedgwick Park House looked altogether more grand when it last appeared on screen as a rural retreat for the Prime Minister in 31 North 62 East, a feature length thriller by local director Tristan Loraine.
How the Davisons Came to Sedgwick
I am admiring the stunning southerly view from the rear of the house, across the 15 acre garden, beyond a lush meadow where 27 wild flowers grow, and out to Chanctonbury Ring on the South Downs.
To my left, a pond feeds a sloping stream with 21 small waterfalls, culminating in a small pond with koi carp and goldfish. There's a stump nearby, perhaps 12 feet tall, which Clare hopes will be carved with an Alice in Wonderland theme soon.
Past the pond is The White Sea, a beautiful feature, as highlighted when the gardens were featured in a 1902 edition of Country Life.
It all seems rather idyllic, yet I'm surprised by Clare's interpretation.
"Chanctonbury Ring is a very spiritual place," she says. "You can see that the Ring is aligned centrally to the house and garden. I have created a labyrinth at the bottom of the garden. We found a huge slab of Horsham stone and rolled it down from the top of the garden on wooden posts, placing it up right in the centre of the labyrinth.
"This acts as a focal point and gives the gardens an energy that I like to channel in a positive way."
I notice that John slopes back into the house as Clare starts talking about "fairies" allegedly in a particular part of the garden. Whilst I laughed off Clare's remarks, I was soon to understand the benefit she gains in harnessing these natural energies of her home and garden.
Clare said: "I so wanted a child, but suffered several miscarriages. It was complementary therapy that helped me through the unhappiness of not becoming a mother. I was so distraught at the thought of never having children and it has had a lasting effect on me.
"I realised I had to do something else positive with my life. The way I can do that is to help people and one way of doing that is to share what we have at Sedgwick Park. There is only John and I here and I would dearly like to open up the opportunities here.
"The dream was and still is, to create a place in the country that can act as a retreat, where people can find answers to their emotional questions. I'm not anti-doctors, but I felt so much better when I came off
prescribed medicine and sought out alternative therapies.
"As an experienced complementary therapist, what I would like is for Sedgwick Park House to be a
centre of awareness where people can visit for clinics on reflexology, homeopathy and a range of
alternative therapies. They can also expanding their knowledge of plants and wildlife.
"There is not anywhere that has all of this to offer. I want to bring it all together at Sedgwick."
Coming to Horsham
It's been a long road to Sedgwick Park House for John and Clare, although unknown to Clare, is was a road that brought her close to her childhood roots...
John and Clare met in 1976 when they were both living in London, but did not marry until 1994. Clare had a successful career as an interior designer, refurbishing city properties, whilst John was a broker at Lloyds. This enabled him to take on financially ambitious developments in London.
As a couple, they bought over a dozen houses as investments, with Clare redesigning them, and selling them on for profit. They took a risk on a run-down Victorian house in Wimbledon, and were able to transform their home into a desirable property. But Clare started to feel unhappy in the city, so they began to look for a country home.
John recalls: "I wanted to stay close to London, as I was still working when we moved to Sedgwick Park.
"For Clare, London's appeal was waning. She wanted a new challenge and certainly we both wanted to be more involved in the local community. In London, you might not know your next door neighbour, so the idea of being a part of a wider community was appealing to us both."
The couple sent a rough specification to several estate agents - they were looking for a large house with 10 to 15 bedrooms with good access to London, . Several houses failed to trigger a spark, and then in 2001, the Davisons received details about Sedgwick Park.
The information came with only one poor quality image. Yet Clare immediately knew it was the right home for them.
"I wanted to see the property straight away," she said. "We were heading south to Southampton as we were due to go on a cruise, so I asked for directions and found out that Sedgwick was five minutes away from Horsham.
"This came as a bombshell to me, as my parents lived in Horsham for 25 years and I went to school there! I just hadn't heard of Sedgwick. Even now, I suspect many people in town don't know where it is!
"As soon as I stepped out of the car I knew that we would buy Sedgwick Park House."
Costly Restoration
The Davisons bought the house from John Jackson, who co-founded the live music agency, Helter Skelter.
John and his wife had carried out a good deal of work in restoring the house from the dilapidated estate they
themselves had taken on.
But improvements costing in the region of £1 million still needed doing.
John Davison recalls: "The property was in a poor state, but we knew what we were letting ourselves in for as we've renovated many properties. The second floor wasn't insulated properly and the roof needed careful restoration.It took the best part of two years to complete basic structural work.
"I remember at the time, I said 'We are going to be living in this huge place, but how are we going to meet anyone?'
"As it turned out, the world came to us. Over the years, we've hosted Conservative parties here, about 500 people came when we opened up for the National Gardens Scheme, and we are patrons of Shipley Arts Festival so have held several events here.
"We have also hosted events for St Catherine's Hospice and Nuthurst Church, so we've certainly been a part of the community."
Astonishing History
The Davisons are writing a new chapter in what has been a long and fascinating history. Sedgwick was first a castle, which explains its elevated position, overlooking the South Downs.
A hunting lodge in the grounds dates back to about 1200, but in terms of proper records, the first reference comes from 1248, when Manor at Sedgwick was leased. It was soon fortified with defences including a deep moat, thus becoming a castle.In the 13th Century, this castle fell into the hands of Lord de Braose and for centuries onwards was linked with the manor of Chesworth.
When the Howard family (The Duke of Norfolk) owned Sedgwick from 1498 – 1572, the old manor buildings were largely destroyed, and a new building with a great Tudor Hall was constructed.
Early in the 17th Century, Sir John Caryll demolished the castle to build a new house called Sedgwick Lodge.
Part of this survives as outbuildings west of the present house.
Sir John Bennet then built a new house in 1715, with a long canal some 80 metres long in front of the house.
The gothic north and south lodges were constructed around 1830, at a time when huge amounts of sandstone were quarried on the estate for paving and roofing. There was plenty of arable land on the 900 acre estate too.
But it was also at about this time that much of the stone was removed from the old castle site. All that survives of that castle today are two small stretches of walling.
The Henderson family, who lived at Sedgwick Park from 1862, commissioned a new house adjoining the 18th Century home, completed in 1886. Horsham stone was used for the house, with Horsham slates on the roof.
The architects Sir Ernest George and Harold Peto also designed Italian-inspired garden features. At this time, the Henderson's staff included a cook, nurse, ladies' maid, housekeeper, kitchen maid, nursery maid, butler, footman, groom, three gamekeepers and eight gardeners!
It was also during this period that the girl that inspired the story of Alice in Wonderland honeymooned at Sedgwick. This stay is commemorated by a plaque on Horsham District Council's Heritage Trail.
The White Sea
During the Victorian period, Sedgwick was admired for having one of the best gardens in the south of England and was featured in Country Life. Emma Henderson was pictured in a famous photograph, known as The Lady by the Lake.
One year later, the house was extended westwards, and the asymmetrically placed tower was added to offer a southerly viewpoint.
The Hendersons invented nautical terms for parts of the garden, some of which are still used today, including The White Sea for the ship-themed water garden.
During the First World War, Emma opened up Sedgwick as a convalescent home for overseas officers, but she died in 1931. The estate was swiftly sold by her daughter-in-law to William and Florence Abbey. William, chairman of the Kemp Town Brewery, was a wealthy man. But it was Florence who became better-known locally as a generous benefactor to Nuthurst School.
In 1947, Herbert Robin Cayzer, 1st Baron Rotherwick, moved into Sedgwick Park House. He was a keen gardener and was President of Horsham and District Railwaymen's Chrysanthemum Society. He carried on the good work of the Henderson family, creating the extensive rock and water garden, as Country Life visited for a second time in 1957.
After Lord Rotherwick and his wife Freda had passed away, the estate was broken up into seven farms, houses, parkland and woods, with the auction being held at The Black Horse Hotel in 1959.
The decade that followed saw several new buildings on the estate, including West Sedgwick Park, The Coach House and Park House. The main house and gardens were bought by publisher Michael Bizony, who liked to keep exotic pets.
Michael left the house in 1988, leading to a difficult decade during which the house fell into disrepair, ending when the Jacksons took over.
Clare said: "The estate had passed through the hands of several owners, most of whom were developers with various ideas for using Sedgwick Park House for commercial gain, rather than as a residence.
"That situation stabilised with the Jacksons, who we met and they were very pleasant."
Staying Long Term
Having invested heavily in the property, John and Clare look set to stay at Sedgwick Park. Clare continues to define what happens in the garden, which qualify for support from the Higher Level Stewardship Scheme as they
benefit the natural environment.
The gardens are maintained by Kevin Toms, who runs his own local gardening business. Kevin said: "I spend the best part of the week here and it's a beautiful place to work. There is always so much to do, but I'm proud of my work at Sedgwick.
"We don't use any chemicals or weed killer here, as there are parts of the garden that Clare likes to grow wild, to encourage a variety of wild flowers and wildlife.
"The garden has many historic features and some new ones too, including the labyrinth, and a silver birch feature which won silver gilt at the 2010 Hampton Court Palace Flower Show. "We're also developing a rose garden, which is home to an old red telephone box - one of Clare's auction purchases!"
Recently, the Davisons considered selling, having been frustrated by ongoing disputes with the local authorities and neighbours. This has caused frustration, with Clare claiming that it is difficult being the "only estate that is semi-detached!"
Whilst weddings are no longer held at Sedgwick Park House, small alternative therapy workshops have been hosted in the gardens and Clare is keen to expand on these sessions.
She said: "Living here is not quite what people perceive. People say 'How lovely it must be to wake up to that view every morning.' It is, but they don't know what else goes on behind the scenes and the difficulties we've faced in doing what we'd like to.
"However, it's very unlikely that we'll move. We have had some people here running yoga and alternative therapy workshops and they've been great. I might be looking through rose tinted spectacles, but I can
picture a retreat here.
"I love what the house and gardens offers, from a therapeutic point of view. I think it could help others too as it offers absolutely everything you could want. It's just a very special place."
For more information visit www.sedgwickpark.com
WORDS: Ben Morris
PICTURES: Toby Phillips
Some historical content taken from 'The Story of Sedgwick' an informative book by Brian Slyfield and Tony Turner, available at Horsham Museum. Also Jeremy Knight's Volume II of History of Horsham, also available at The Museum
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