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Opinicon Natural History
About & submitting a post
Physical & Biotic Environment at QUBS
Quaternary History of Eastern Ontario: Impacts on Physical Landscape and Biota
Soils and Vegetation in the Q.U.B.S. Region
American bullfrog / Ouaouaron
American redstart/ Paruline flamboyante
Barred Owl / Chouette rayée
Black-capped chickadee / Mésange à tête noire
Black-throated Green Warbler/Paruline ả gorge noire
Brown Snake / Couleuvre brune
Eastern Milksnake / Couleuvre tachetée
Giant Swallowtail / Grande Porte-queue
Northern map turtle / Tortue géographique
Northern Spring Peeper / Rainette Crucifère
Pickerel frog / Grenouille des marais
Tree Swallows at Opinicon
December 28, 2015 Opinicon	Leave a comment
Post by Art Goldsmith
(unless otherwise credited, photos by Art Goldsmith, tree swallow photos by P-G Bentz )
Thanks to the following people for assisting with advice, content and research: Prof. Fran Bonier, Ph.D. candidate Catherine Dale, and Prof. Raleigh Robertson.
The Bird, The Research, The Sordid Truth: Do Tree Swallows Murder Nestlings and Cheat on Their Partners?
Yes, the daily tabloid newspapers are rife with sleazy debauchery, and so is this Blog, at least when it comes to Tree Swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) referred to by the abbreviation TRES. The story of the Tree Swallows at QUBS is integral to the development of the station by two remarkable leaders, Prof. Raleigh Robertson, who was Director of QUBS for 33 years, and Frank Phelan, who has managed the Station for 40 years, and who will be retiring at the end of 2015. Their story, which is also the saga of a small research station on the shores of Lake Opinicon morphing into a primary and pre-eminent 8500-acre regional research, education and conservation centre, deserves a separate post.
Back in 1974, Prof. Robertson had been continuing his studies of Red-winged Blackbirds (RWBL ) when, and this story is worthy of a movie script, the potential acquisition of 1000 acres (Hughson Farm) at the south end of Lake Opinicon prompted some thought about other studies. Coincidentally, Geoff Holroyd came to Queen's from Long Point Bird Observatory (LPBO) with a number of nest boxes. As with so many human advances, the interplay of events prompted invention and the TRES studies commenced. Having already conducted RWBL habitat selection studies, Prof. Robertson decided to use the newly acquired nest boxes to study habitat selection of TRES on the Hughson property (in the illustration below by Dr. Raleigh Robertson, the Hughson tract is shown in green). The original pre-1974 QUBS is shown in light blue. The additional tracts, up to the year 2007, are shown in various other colours. The illustration shows several Tree Swallow photos, including a natural tree cavity nest and a nest box.
Slide provided by Prof. Raleigh Robertson
The following four paragraphs are paraphrased from personal communications with Prof. Bonier:
North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data since the mid 1980s shows declining populations of aerial insectivorous birds, particularly in northeastern North America (Shutler et al).
Update: Prof. Bonier has informed me (November 9, 2015) that a new study (science is always progressing!) indicates this geographic pattern for aerial insectivores is not as strong as the Shutler team thought. The exception is Tree Swallows, which are, indeed, increasing or stable outside of northeastern North America.
Tree Swallows are aerial insectivores, and therefore, the network of TRES nest boxes afforded an opportunity to study the population at QUBS. Several hypotheses have been put forward regarding the drops in populations. I have spoken to people (at QUBS and elsewhere) who believe greater survival of parasites may be responsible. This is one of the disease parameters that Prof. Bonier mentioned in her communication with me. Prof. Bonier has determined that malaria parasites have not increased in Tree Swallows over time. Other parasites may have an effect on populations. Other climate-linked hypotheses include phenological changes, especially earlier life cycling of important insect prey.
Prof. Bonier inherited the QUBS TRES boxes from Prof. Robertson, and she ran studies on them since 2007. She compiled all of the demographic data on the population (from 1975 to present) and has used the data to test a couple of hypotheses about proximate causes of the population's decline. The story seems to be this: the population has been declining fairly rapidly and steadily since ~1990, when it was at its peak (with every single box occupied by a breeding pair). The all time low of 23% box occupancy was last year (2014). That's an even lower occupancy than 1975 when Prof. Robertson first put up about 70 boxes to start the population (and occupancy was 26%). This year, 2015, occupancy rebounded a bit to 35%. From this amazing data set, we can show that on average, per nest fledging success has not changed over time, nor have adult return rates (a proxy of adult survival). However, first-time breeders are coming into the population at a lower rate. This is true for immigrants into the population as well as resident nestlings returning. At its peak, 10% of all nestlings that hatched in boxes at QUBS in a given year returned later as breeders. Now there are rarely any coming back. So this would suggest that something is happening to dispersal and/or survival during the first year of life, between hatching and first breeding. Prof. Bonier and her colleagues are pursuing analyses on climate and disease to explore possible causes of this change, which might help us differentiate the two.
The population at QUBS started its decline in 1990's. Significant climate change has been documented in our region from 1980 onward. That causes me to lean to that predominant factor as a major contributor to the drop in our local populations. The research also tells us that TRES are also expanding their range in the southeast, at the same time as return rates drop here. This raises even more questions. Climate change tends to be more pronounced from south to north. An expansion of the range to the south is interesting since it causes me to wonder why these birds have not occupied the southeast in the past, and what has changed to cause them to expand in the south now? More nesting opportunities? Less competition?
For detailed life history information read the Tree Swallow species account at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology.
The conclusion of the Shutler (citation follows at the end of the TRES portion of this blog post) paper to which Prof. Bonier and Prof. Robertson contributed:
"The broad geographic patterns are consistent with a hypothesis of widespread changes in climate on wintering, migratory, or breeding areas that in turn may differentially affect populations of aerial insects, but other explanations are possible. It is also unclear whether these changes in occupancy rates reflect an increase or decrease in overall populations of Tree Swallows. Regardless, important conservation steps will be to unravel causes of changing populations of aerial insectivores in North America."
Prof. Bonier also has links to the Virginia Tech people doing research in that part of the U.S. (probable increasing population southward). They have found that TRES displace Bluebirds at nest boxes. Prof. Bonier wrote:
"TRES in the northeast of North America are declining, whereas other locations are stable or increasing. We are studying TRES with collaborators Ignacio Moore (Virginia Tech) and Mark Stanback at Davidson College in North Carolina, where they have been displacing eastern bluebirds from his study site. TRES never used to breed there, and now are abundant and occupy almost all of his nest boxes. Ignacio put up nest boxes near the Virginia Tech campus last fall, and already has higher box occupancy than we have at QUBS. So in the southeast, it does seem that TRES are increasing and also expanding southward."
For more about Prof. Bonier's current research, see the news article posted on the Virginia Tech web site.
Thanks to Prof. Robertson's long term research, we have learned a lot about the mating and nesting behaviour of Tree Swallows, and their selection of nesting sites.
Left, a male Tree Swallow stands guard while a first-year breeding female brings nesting material to one of the nest boxes at QUBS. Professor Robertson studied the unusual "late onset of adult plumage" in Tree Swallow females. Among the many interesting traits of these birds, the delayed adult female plumage characteristic is very unusual in the bird world. Delayed adult plumage is common among adult males of many bird species. Male TRES are fully iridescent blue by their second year. Females only attain such "blueness" later in their 2nd year. Why would this be?
It is this kind of observation and hypothesis development that characterizes good science.
So using a variety of methods, Prof. Robertson and colleagues went about testing their hypotheses regarding the late plumage onset of TRES females. And this is what they found.
When a one-year-old female TRES arrives at a nest box inhabited by a nesting pair, the resident male is less aggressive towards a one-year-old female than toward older intruders. The female is equally aggressive toward all females. Isn't THAT special? It turns out these young, less brightly feathered females are, indeed, LOOKING for breeding opportunities, as they visit many nests to seek out a tryst with a resident male. And many males respond quite positively. Note that these visits last only a few seconds. Birds are quicker than people! Another interesting result: older females are much more successful at raising young early in the season. Later in the season, the younger females, which were experimenting at a lot of different nest boxes earlier are, later in the season, breeding much more than their older counterparts AND they are being just as successful.
Nest box constructed and donated by Opeongo High School. These have been placed along Queen's University Rd. for display purposes.
This is a later vintage QUBS nest box, with the effective anti-rodent device pictured below the box. Its location beside the road into the QUBS buildings is not particularly suitable for TRES, which prefer the nest boxes in open hay fields, but are occasionally occupied by House Wrens and Black-capped Chickadees. Raccoon, snakes, and squirrels are among the most prevalent and successful predators of songbird nests. Next time you are thinking about how cute squirrels are, recall this fact! Larger snakes are the only predator capable of circumventing these collars.
A vigilant adult Tree Swallow is pictured above. After reading through this blog, I expect people will wonder more about what goes on in birds' brains as they look at us. Perhaps some of these surprising revelations will prompt some to wonder all the more.
Sex and Infanticide: Tree Swallows, the Sordid Side
People look on small songbirds as benign, benevolent and harmless. Evidence abounds for these traits. Although, in my opinion, the following evidence doesn't change an overall positive image, it does give one pause. Your blogger has observed the sweetest of birds, the Black-capped Chickadee joyfully feeding at a deer carcass in mid winter. During a winter snowshoe sojourn, a Red-breasted Nuthatch flew onto my shoulder demanding FOOD, and gave me a most malevolent look when the lack of bird seed was apparent. And, given an opportunity, male Tree Swallows will massacre a previous male's offspring in order to start its own brood.
Prof. Robertson studied this behaviour by removing males from nest boxes. Sexually selected infanticide is quite rare in birds. It is more common in mammals. So seeing this behaviour in TRES is of great interest to ornithologists. During incubation, with eggs in the nest, Prof. Robertson removed 17 males. In three cases, the males were not replaced. However, a large proportion of the males, 11, killed the nestlings when they hatched. Three others adopted the newly hatched nestlings.
If the new male is introduced during egg-laying, (Robertson removed 11 in this instance), 4 were not replaced and all of the other 7 replacement males did adopt the eggs and nestlings. Finally, the same experiment was completed during the nestling stage (15 males removed), and five of the fifteen killed the nestlings. Of these 5, only 1 re-nested with the widowed female; two re-nested with a new female and two did not re-nest. So why would so many kill the newly hatched nestlings? Researchers studying with Prof. Robertson found that the behaviour is adaptive. That is, there is an advantage to those males who kill the previous male's offspring, as they disproportionately pass on their genes. This raises more questions, which future Queen's students may answer using the unequaled resources at QUBS.
Above and below: copulating Tree Swallows. You don't have much time to see this happen, as the usual copulation event lasts just a few seconds!
Below, the happy couple look innocently toward the camera. The question is, is that the resident female for this nest box? It may not be … read on.
What about the secret mating among TRES, that is, one of a mated pair sneaking off to pair with another TRES, and, as already discussed, the young females with their juvenile plumage, visiting males in nest boxes? The facts are surprising. The euphemistic ornithological expression is "extra-pair" mating and paternity. Based on observations, it appeared that TRES are models of social monogamy. Hold on! That is another fun feature of good science. What appears to be happening based on observation may conflict with the facts. A good detective follows the evidence. And the evidence is:
80% of nests contain some extra-pair offspring!
50% of all nestlings are sired by extra-pair males!
So seeing ISN'T believing. There is a lot of "visiting" going on, and it happens quickly and surreptitiously…so much so that trained observers don't see it.
Seeing this result from a MALE perspective, the benefits are obvious: the male has more offspring spread over more nests, making survival more likely (literally male Tree Swallows have their eggs in more than one basket!).
What does the female get? She still has her nestlings all in one basket, and she still gets the same contribution to care by one male. Once again, the facts are both interesting and unexpected. It is the FEMALES that control extra-pair copulation. They are the ones who stray.
After some very intensive study and some very difficult analysis, research has concluded that the female, as well as the overall population, does receive an important benefit. These pairings result in better genetic compatibility, not in overall better genes. Genetic compatibility (i.e. simply the genes from each partner vary in how well they work together. Some genes pair up for greater benefits. The more pairings, the greater likelihood of compatible pairings) is an adaptive advantage.
How Tree Swallows Select Nest Location
In the photo series below, Tree Swallows are photographed at various natural tree cavity nest locations. As you would expect, forestry, farming and other land uses have limited and reduced the numbers of tree swallow nests. Natural cavities produced by wood peckers, disease or physical damage must be, ideally, close to water or open fields, so Tree Swallows have a ready source of food, such as insects emerging from water and fields. Artificial boxes do help alleviate this limiting factor.
Tree Swallows, outside of nesting season, are very social. They form large flocks for migration and over-wintering. The author has seen flocks of thousands over bays in Florida. That changes when they nest. They like some space between nests.
On average, artificial nest boxes are larger, roomier and safer than natural cavities. However, whether a natural cavity or nest box is selected, TRES like their nests to be spaced an average of 28 meters apart. Researchers at QUBS determined this optimal distance through a spiral alignment of boxes in a field.. The second birds to arrive to nest usually choose the most distant nest box form the first pair. After a few weeks, nest selection becomes more random, but males do defend their nests aggressively from other TRES males. QUBS nest boxes are now set up in a grid pattern in optimum habitats. This territorial behaviour differentiates Tree Swallow from other swallow species which are more colonial.
Current research on TRES is focused on applied ecology, especially ecotoxicology. Professor Fran Bonier, who contributed greatly to this blog, is studying how Tree Swallows adapt to environmental stresses, for example through endocrinology field studies. See her current Queen's web page for more information.
Spatiotemporal Patterns in Nest Box Occupancy by Tree Swallows Across North America, Avian Conservation and Ecology 7(1): 3., D. Shutler et al, 2012.
Field Ornithology-Agent for Science, Education and Conservation, presentation to the Society of Canadian Ornithologists Annual Meeting, Dr. Raleigh Robertson, September, 2007.
Personal Communication, Dr. Frances Bonier
Personal Communication, Dr. Raleigh Robertson
Personal Communication, Catherine Dale
I want to leave you with a few images of the Queen's University Biological Station:
(Photo by Jan Tripp)
Your blogger, Art Goldsmith, with Professor Raleigh Robertson, left. The new Jack Hambleton Library (officially opened in June) is at the upper right. The building also now houses the Fowler Herbarium in state-of-the-art facilities. We believe this is the only field station with on-site access to such a large herbarium collection. Below, the large central QUBS building, with a cafeteria, labs, offices and a large seminar room, is named for Professor Robertson.
Photos, books, and artifacts belonging to Jack Hambleton are displayed in the new library named for Hambleton.
Next time, we will start our series of field course blogs. This includes the courses on Insects, Aquatic Ecology (a different course from the China-Canada Course), and Fabulous Fall Fungi. See you then.
Biological Insights from Eastern Ontario
Elbow Lake Environmental Education Centre
Queen's University Biological Station


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8 Things to Stream If You Liked The Witcher
Photo by Matt Winkelmeyer/Getty Images
Netflix's take on The Witcher closed out 2019 as the most popular streamed show IN THE WORLD. That's right, even bigger than The Mandalorian and meme king Baby Yoda (who, sorry to say, is not actually Yoda). If you've already watched and loved all eight episodes of the first season of The Witcher, maybe you're wondering what show to stream next while we wait for season 2.
Data to the rescue! A streaming guide called Reelgood has put together a list of options you might like, pulled from a variety of different platforms, based on the viewing habits of people who enjoyed spending time with Geralt of Rivia. The aforementioned Mandalorian is there. So are several other series based on books, just like The Witcher, including Good Omens and American Gods: both of those come from the brilliant mind of Neil Gaiman. There's Legion if you're into Marvel movies and Merlin if you're fascinated by the legend of King Arthur. And more!
Some of these shows have several seasons out already, so while we probably won't see the next season of The Witcher until 2021, you can still set yourself up nicely for the next few months. Here's the full list of 8 shows - let me know what you're watching on Twitter!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


( ) Logged in user: ljuser - you have been banned from commenting in this journal.
The script creates a Greasemonkey variable called 'banned_by_list'. You can examine or edit it by going to about:config in Firefox, and filtering on 'banned_by_list'. If you want to experiment, try adding yourself to the banned_by_list, by surrounding your LJ user name with `', like this: `clayfoot'. Of course, you can also add other LJ users to the list the same way, if you want to see what happens, or if you just want to prevent yourself from commenting on someone else's journal, for some reason. At the moment, there's no other way to reset or edit the 'banned_by_list', so use with due caution.


With our new team formed, The Prancing Elites forge on with practice. There's no time to waste! Kentrell announces that on-top of Julian, he has also extended the opportunity to Arthur to join the Elites. Jerel maintains his place as the groups' most positive member and welcomes Julian and Arthur warmly, but Kentrell puts a kibosh on the celebrations quickly explaining that they've got to get to work. After all, they are performing at The Queer Homecoming in just a few days!
Kentrell holds his own as team captain and has learned his lesson about being a pushover. With the new Elites comes a new, tougher Kentrell. Arthur and Julian feel the burn right away as the Elites are put through their paces.
Though it seemed exciting at first, Kareem and Adrian seem to be a little on edge when it comes to team bonding with Arthur and Julian. And the claws seem to be directed at Julian. When Julian expresses his desire to someday teach dance, it's clear Kareem and Adrian don't think he should be saying this so soon.
Back to the basics, Julian and Arthur worry about tucking…and no, that's not a dance move.
Kentrell tries to decide whether he wants to see his Dad in the wake of his cancer diagnosis.. A heart to heart bonds Jerel and Kentrell who lived through different experiences, but were both abandoned by their fathers.
Meanwhile, Jerel worries about Tim's inability to speak up about being transgender and sets up a time for Tim to chat with Lane, a transgender man and LGBT advocate. Tim speaks up about the denial of her family, and why it's so hard to live her "authentic self."After just one conversation, Tim is feeling stronger and more confident.
Both Kentrell and Jerel agree to give their Dads a second chance to apologize and make things right, but it's not going to be easy. While Jerel struggles to figure out what he would even say to his Dad, he finds himself back at his old home waiting on the man. Unfortunately, when his father fails to show, Jerel feels his abandonment all over again. He resolves to make this moment the start of his new, happy life.
Kentrell decides to meet his dad for lunch, and it's clear the emotions are raw and that there is so much built up anger on both ends. The truth is that it's going to take Kentrell a lot of time to feel this father/ son relationship, but after his Dad's apology, he agrees to put the past behind him and try to move forward.
Just days after the announcement of the Elites newest members, Julian and Arthur, the team is headed to their first performance. Kentrell makes sure the team is aware of how important a performance this is. The Queer Homecoming is held at a place where LGBT youth can come to be themselves and feel accepted. Feeling the gravity of the event, Kentrell makes the decision to have Arthur and Julian sit this one out as he doesn't think they're ready yet.
Julian's sweet side shows when he asks Tim to be his homecoming date.
Fresh off her conversation with Lane, and feeling the support of her friends, Tim takes this opportunity to come out as transgender and the team is overjoyed for her!
There is no doubt that this was a positive, moving experience for all of the Elites, including the newest members.


a. What is the IRR for each of these projects? If you apply the IRR decision rule, which project should the company accept? Is this decision necessarily correct?
b. If the required return is 11 percent, what is the NPV for each of these projects? Which project will you choose if you apply the NPV decision rule?
c. Over what range of discount rates would you choose Project A? Project B? At what discount rate would you be indifferent between these two projects? Explain.


Lindsay Lohan took some time out of her crazy West Coast lifestyle to hit the streets of New York City and have a hot dog with her Mom.
No glasses being thrown, no handbags at dawn with ex-lovers, no risqué photo shoots and no wild drunken antics.
Just a mother and a daughter hanging out in the city and having a New York treat.
Is Lindsay acting like a normal person? Long may it continue!


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Plagithmysus giffardi är en skalbaggsart som beskrevs av Perkins 1907. Plagithmysus giffardi ingår i släktet Plagithmysus och familjen långhorningar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Långhorningar
giffardi

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Here is the best of the best that you might have missed last week in the SEM industry, so you are all caught up for the start of the work week. We also link to each author's Twitter account, so be sure to follow the best of the best for the week.
Google Trusts Links Less After Anchor Text is Changed – Once you get links from websites, you should think twice before you contact webmasters to get that anchor text changed or tweaked.
Facebook Suggests Unfollowing Pages in News Stream – Yet another reason why organic exposure for Facebook Pages is going to be reduced – because Facebook is asking users if they still want to see those pages in their news stream. And not good news for those who may have paid Facebook for gaining those coveted likes on their Page in the first place.
Google Kills Two More Link Networks – Two more link networks have bitten the dust, this time in Poland.
Join the Google My Business Feedback Program – Google is looking for feedback from local businesses and marketers… and if chosen, you could get a trip to Google plus swag!
Bing Features… Pandas on the Homepage – SEOs should get a chuckle over this on the Bing homepage.
Matt Cutts Taking 4 Month Leave From Google – Google's head spam fighter is taking a 4 month leave from Google to enjoy life.
Want even more? Here are links to the daily industry round ups from Search Engine Land & Marketing Land for those who really don't want to miss a thing.
Have a link you think should be included? Tweet us @TheSEMPost.


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Internet providers in Isanti, MN
Isanti, MN internet providers
Midcontinent Communications $50.00 10 - 1,000 Mbps Cable 99%
Isanti internet service at a glance
Provider: Midcontinent Communications
1 provider - 100.00%
DSL - 100%
At 100%, broadband coverage in Isanti is comparable to the rest of Minnesota - 97%, and comparable to broadband coverage across the U.S. - 95%.
The vast majority of those living in the Isanti area will have access to DSL, which covers 100% of Isanti residents. Cable internet is also an option for many, offering service to 100% of the area. Fiber-optic is less available but still a popular internet option for roughly 2.150% of those living in Isanti.
There are four internet providers serving the Isanti area, and 98.88% of households will have internet options from more than one provider. Among Isanti's four internet providers, prices start at $50 and available download speeds reach up to 1,000 Mbps.
Average internet speeds in Isanti
Viasat 19 Mbps 2 Mbps Satellite
Midcontinent Communications 117 Mbps 21 Mbps Cable
*Data sourced from M-LAB speed tests taken by real users in Isanti.
Compare Isanti internet speeds to the national average
Isanti – 81 Mbps
MN – 112 Mbps
MN – 35 Mbps
Find Isanti internet providers by ZIP code
Top high-speed internet providers in Isanti
The largest internet providers in Isanti are CenturyLink, Midcontinent Communications, and HughesNet bringing DSL, cable, and satellite options to Isanti.
DSL internet from CenturyLink is available to most Isanti residents, covering 81% of households. Many will also have the option of cable from Midcontinent Communications, which covers 99% of the area. Isanti's third most-available internet provider, HughesNet, offers satellite to around 100% of Isanti residents.
DSL from CenturyLink offers broadband to nearly all households in Isanti covering 81% of the area.
DSL internet from CenturyLink uses telephone lines in Isanti to deliver service, which often leads to lower prices and higher availability, though download speeds are likely to be slower than cable or fiber-optic internet.
Internet prices for CenturyLink start at $50/mo.*, which is lower than the average starting price for internet in Isanti, $58.75.
CenturyLink customers who choose the lowest-priced plan can expect speeds up to 10 Mbps, which comes to an estimated $5.00 per Mbps, about the same as the average cost per Mbps for the lowest priced plans in Isanti, $4.20.
For those who value internet speed as much as cost, CenturyLink offers download speeds up to 940 Mbps and upload speeds up to 40 Mbps in Isanti. These download speeds are available to 81% of the area, and are much faster than the average max speeds from all Isanti's providers, 288 Mbps.
Midcontinent Communications cable internet
Midcontinent Communications
Cable from Midcontinent Communications offers broadband to all households in Isanti covering 99% of the area.
Midcontinent Communications's cable network is likely to offer faster speeds than DSL or satellite service, but Isanti residents in densely populated areas may experience slowed speeds during peak usage times.
Internet prices for Midcontinent Communications start at $50/mo.*, which is lower than the average starting price for internet in Isanti, $58.75.
Midcontinent Communications customers who choose the lowest-priced plan can expect speeds up to 10 Mbps, which comes to an estimated $5.00 per Mbps, about the same as the average cost per Mbps for the lowest priced plans in Isanti, $4.20.
For those who value internet speed as much as cost, Midcontinent Communications offers download speeds up to 1,000 Mbps and upload speeds up to 20 Mbps in Isanti. These download speeds are available to 99% of the area, and are much faster than the average max speeds from all Isanti's providers, 288 Mbps.
Satellite from HughesNet offers broadband to all households in Isanti covering 100% of the area.
HughesNet satellite internet offers reliable connection in areas of Isanti where other internet types may not be available, but service is likely to come with low monthly data allowances and high latency, making streaming binges and real-time online gaming impractical.
Internet prices for HughesNet start at $64.99/mo.*, which is higher than the average starting price for internet in Isanti, $58.75.
HughesNet customers who choose the lowest-priced plan can expect speeds up to 25 Mbps, which comes to an estimated $2.60 per Mbps, lower than the average cost per Mbps for the lowest priced plans in Isanti, $4.20.
For those who value internet speed as much as cost, HughesNet offers download speeds up to 25 Mbps and upload speeds up to 3 Mbps in Isanti. These download speeds are available to 100% of the area, and are much slower than the average max speeds from all Isanti's providers, 288 Mbps.
What's the fastest internet provider in Isanti?
Midcontinent Communications is the fastest internet provider in Isanti with download speeds up to 1,000 Mbps. These speeds are available to 99% of households in Isanti. The next fastest internet provider in Isanti is CenturyLink, offering download speeds up to 940 Mbps to 81% of the area.
What's the cheapest internet provider in Isanti?
CenturyLink offers the cheapest internet in Isanti with plans starting at $50/mo. This is slightly less than the average starting price for internet in Isanti, $58.75.
How much should I pay for internet?
Monthly costs for internet can range from $20 to $60, depending on which providers are available in your area. Added fees for Wi-Fi service and equipment can add to that cost, but your internet provider may give you the option to use your own router, which can lower the monthly internet cost.
How much speed do I need for streaming?
Each video streaming service has varying recommended speeds, but speeds up to 10 Mbps will often handle streaming on one device. For HD and 4K streaming, consider faster speeds of at least 25 Mbps to reduce buffering and maintain optimal picture quality.
Do I need a phone line for broadband?
The only broadband internet type that requires a phone line is DSL and dial-up, which use phone lines to deliver service. Other internet types, such as cable, fiber-optic and satellite, require no phone line for broadband service.
East Bethel
Home page Minnesota Isanti


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Q: How to AutoHeight CollectionView items in Xamarin I am trying to display a list of 2 products on 1 row. I use CollectionView set ItemsLayout="VerticalGrid, 2"--> This looks fine. However I don't want to show the extra whitespace of the CollectionView when scrolling down. I have learned about AutoHeight CollectionView however it is not working properly, here.

<CollectionView SelectionMode="None" ItemsLayout="VerticalGrid, 2" ItemsSource="{Binding ProductInfos}">
    <CollectionView.ItemTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            <Frame Padding="7" HasShadow="False" IsClippedToBounds="True" BackgroundColor="#fff">
                <StackLayout x:DataType="model:ProductInfo">
                    <StackLayout Orientation="Vertical">
                        <Frame Padding="0" HasShadow="False" CornerRadius="7" IsClippedToBounds="True">
                            <StackLayout VerticalOptions="Center">
                                <Image WidthRequest="200" HeightRequest="200" Aspect="AspectFill" Source="{Binding Images}">
                                    <Image.GestureRecognizers>
                                        <TapGestureRecognizer NumberOfTapsRequired="1"
                                Command="{Binding Source={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type locals:DashboardsViewModel}},
                                Path=ProductTappedView}" CommandParameter="{Binding .}" />
                                    </Image.GestureRecognizers>
                                </Image>
                            </StackLayout>
                        </Frame>
                        <StackLayout VerticalOptions="Center">

                        </StackLayout>
                    </StackLayout>
                </StackLayout>
            </Frame>
        </DataTemplate>
    </CollectionView.ItemTemplate>
</CollectionView>

How can I remove the space below the CollectionView? Or is there any solution instead of CollectionView? Thank you

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Q: Test class coverage varies betw Sandbox/PROD for trigger that sends an email I am having difficulty when trying to create the test class for my trigger:
trigger Email_Pesquisa_Mercado_account on Account (after update) {

    Map<Id,Account> accountMap = new Map<Id,Account>([Select Id, Name,
                                                       (Select Id,Name,Price,Parcelas__c,Data_do_contrato__c,
                                                            quantity,status from Assets
                                                               where quantity>0 AND
                                                                  Data_do_contrato__c != null AND
                                                                   (NOT name like 'AR -%'))
                                                       from Account Where recordtypeid='012U00000000vYx'
                                                              AND Id in : Trigger.New]);

    for(Account Ac : Trigger.New){
        String AssetName;
        Decimal ValorVenda;
        Decimal Parcelas;
        Date DataContrato;
        String SemEmail;
        String SemEmailprincipal;

        String Situacao;
        Situacao = ac.Situacao__c;
        if(Situacao.contains('APROVADA') &&
           Trigger.oldMap.get(ac.id).pesquisa_de_mercado__c != ac.pesquisa_de_mercado__c &&
           ac.pesquisa_de_mercado__c == '1 - Pesquisa Satisfação B2' &&
           ac.antecipado__c != 'AR' &&
           ac.antecipado__c != 'TES' &&
             (ac.turma__c == '2013 2S - UNISA - MEDICINA - SAO PAULO' ||
               ac.turma__c == '2013 2S - FAAP - ENG,ARQ,ECON,REL INT,S IN - SAO PAULO' ||
               ac.turma__c == '2013 2S - UNICID - ODONTOLOGIA - SAO PAULO')
           ){
            if(accountMap.get(Ac.Id).Assets.size() > 0){
                for(Asset obj : accountMap.get(Ac.Id).Assets){
                    if(obj.name != null){
                        if(AssetName==null){
                            AssetName = obj.Name;
                        }
                        else{
                            AssetName = AssetName + '
 ' + ''+obj.Name+'';
                        }
                        ValorVenda = obj.Price;
                        Parcelas = obj.Parcelas__c;
                        DataContrato = obj.Data_do_contrato__c.addDays(90);
                    }
                }

                Messaging.SingleEmailMessage mail = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
                String[] toAddresses = new String[]{};
                if(ac.PersonEmail == null){
                    SemEmailprincipal = 'sememail@b2agencia.com.br';
                }
                if(ac.PersonEmail != null){
                    SemEmailprincipal = ac.PersonEmail;
                }

                toAddresses.add(SemEmailprincipal);
                if(ac.Email_alternativo__c == null ){
                    SemEmail = 'sememail@b2agencia.com.br';
                }
                if(ac.Email_alternativo__c != null){
                    SemEmail = ac.Email_alternativo__c;
                }
                toAddresses.add(SemEmail);
                mail.setToAddresses(toAddresses);

                mail.setreplyto('foto.filmagem@b2agencia.com.br');
                mail.setSenderDisplayName('B2 Agência');

                mail.setSubject('B2 Foto e Filmagem: Seu álbum de formatura');
                mail.setHtmlBody('Olá, '+ac.FirstName+' '+ac.LastName+'
Primeiramente gostaríamos de parabenizá-lo pela conquista da sua formatura, sabemos que é um grande marco para o início da sua vida profissional. Desejamos que você tenha muito sucesso em sua caminhada!
Para guardar todas essas recordações, você efetuou a compra dos produtos abaixo:
'+AssetName+'
O valor total da sua compra é de R$ '+ValorVenda+', parcelado em '+Parcelas+' vezes.
Os produtos extras serão entregues até o dia '+DataContrato.day()+'/'+DataContrato.month()+'/'+DataContrato.year()+', no '+ac.Cidade__c+' - RUA '+ac.Endereco__c+', '+ac.Nro__c+'
O envio dos mesmos é feito pelo correio, que faz 3 tentativas de entrega. Caso o correio não consiga efetuar a entrega nas 3 tentativas, o produto volta para o escritório e vamos aguardar o seu contato nos informando um novo endereço de entrega.
PREOCUPADO COM A SATISFAÇÃO DE NOSSOS CLIENTES, BUSCAMOS PROMOVER MELHORIAS CONTÍNUAS EM NOSSOS SERVIÇOS E PRODUTOS, PARA ISSO, A SUA OPINIÃO É MUITO IMPORTANTE!
TIRE 2 MINUTINHOS DO SEU DIA PARA RESPONDER À NOSSA PESQUISA DE SATISFAÇÃO CLICANDO AQUI.

Obrigado!
');

                Messaging.SendEmail(new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage[] {mail});
            }
        }
    }
}

I get 91%, but when I will deploy in my production appears to me 74%.
@istest(seealldata=true)
public class Email_Pesquisa_Mercado_test{
    static testmethod void unittest(){

   String AssetName;
   Decimal ValorVenda;
   Decimal Parcelas;
   Date DataContrato;
   String SemEmail;
   String SemEmailprincipal;

        Turma__c t=new Turma__c();
            t.name = '2013 2S - UNISA - MEDICINA - SAO PAULO';
            t.PIT__c = 'US000112';
        insert t;

        Product2 p=new Product2();
            p.Name = 'DVD';
        insert p;

        Account acc=new Account();
            acc.FirstName = 'ANDREA';
            acc.LastName = 'SOLFERINI MORAES BARROS';
            acc.ID_do_formando__c = 'CP7_5011_000008';
            acc.Cidade__c = 'SÃO PAULO';
            acc.Endereco__c = 'RUA PHILIPP LOHBAUER';
            acc.Nro__c = '330';
            acc.turma__c = t.id;
            acc.pesquisa_de_mercado__c = null;
            acc.antecipado__c = null;
            acc.recordtypeid='012U00000000vYx';
            acc.PersonEmail = 'sememail@b2agencia.com.br';
            acc.Email_alternativo__c = 'sememail@b2agencia.com.br';
        insert acc;

        Asset a=new Asset();
         a.name = p.id;
         a.Price = 100;
         a.Parcelas__c = 1;
         a.data_do_contrato__c = date.today();
         a.accountId = acc.id;
         a.quantity = 1;
         a.pesquisa_de_mercado__c = null;
        insert a;

         AssetName = a.Name;
         ValorVenda = a.Price;
         Parcelas = a.Parcelas__c;
         DataContrato = a.Data_do_contrato__c.addDays(90);
         SemEmail = acc.PersonEmail;
         SemEmailprincipal = acc.Email_alternativo__c;

        update a;

            acc.FirstName = 'ANDREA';
            acc.LastName = 'SOLFERINI MORAES BARROS';
            acc.ID_do_formando__c = 'CP7_5011_000008';
            acc.Cidade__c = 'SÃO PAULO';
            acc.Endereco__c = 'RUA PHILIPP LOHBAUER';
            acc.Nro__c = '330';
            acc.turma__c = t.id;
            acc.pesquisa_de_mercado__c = '1 - Pesquisa Satisfação B2';
            acc.antecipado__c = null;
            acc.recordtypeid='012U00000000vYx';
            acc.PersonEmail = 'sememail@b2agencia.com.br';
            acc.Email_alternativo__c = 'sememail@b2agencia.com.br';
            acc.situacao__c = 'VENDA APROVADA';
        update acc;
        }
}

A: While writing tests, the best tool I found for checking coverage is Mavensmate plugin for Sublime Text.
It shows you a web UI to run tests and shows you a colored coding over where your test is passing and where not.
This will help you find out WHERE that % is missing coverage and you will be able to address it in your test class.
URL: http://mavensmate.com/
I know its a bit of an overhead when you're just trying to solve this issue, but it will help you a lot in the long term to have this at hand, and we could help you resolve this faster and more accurate!
Cheers!
PD: I noticed on your code there is a FOR loop that seems to be losing the state of some variables without using them anywhere, you might want to check that for a possible bug.

ValorVenda = obj.Price;
  Parcelas = obj.Parcelas__c;
  DataContrato = obj.Data_do_contrato__c.addDays(90);
  "ValorVenda", "Parcelas", and "DataContrato" will lose the previous value on each loop and they are not being saved or used anywhere.


This Resita (Romania) built 0-8-0t arrived on the Welshpool and Llanfair Light Railway on 19 June 2007. Following a complete overhaul in Romania the locomotive took a 5 day trip across Europe, on a lorry, to be delivered to the railway. When built the loco was given the number 764.425 but has become No.19 in the Welshpool fleet. After a few months of running in as delivered form, as was always intended, No.19 was fitted with a Lempor exhaust ejector designed by Nigel Day and manufactured at the railway's Llanfair workshop. Unlike the other members of the W&LLR fleet there was no requirement to maintain the original chimney appearance so more freedom in the design was allowed which gives an overall edge to this ejector compared to the others fitted at the line. It has also considerably improved the appearance.
When the locomotive was purchased it was the intention that it would initially run with the Romanian exhaust system but that a Lempor would be fitted. The thought of a W&LLR loco without a Lempor was not even contemplated.
The system was fitted during November 2007 following the end of the main operating season on the W&LLR. The locomotive went on to haul trains during December 2007.
In March 2008 WLLR No.19 was tested to ascertain the ejector performance with Nigel Day leading the testing team.
The ejector performance is seen in the graph below, as can be seen it is slightly below that of SAR Class 26 No.3450 but well above that of many other ejector types on much more advanced/efficient locomotives. It might seem strange that the performance is not better but it is often overlooked that ejector performance is not just a function of the ejector design. The design and performance has to be in harmony with the rest of the locomotive. Factors such as the exhaust steam circuit, cylinder and boiler design can limit performance, factors which are in evidence with No.19. Other than the Lempor ejector the locomotive has received no other efficiency modifications.
In as delivered form No.19 was using, on average, 30 buckets of coal per round trip. Once the Lempor was fitted fuel consumption fell to around 20 buckets of coal. This is still higher than the other locos in the W&LLR fleet so efforts are to be made to further increase the locomotive's efficiency. A further decrease in average fuel consumption has been noted following the fitting of the spark arrestor, felt to be due to a slightly more even pull over the tube bundle which better suit the current combustion arch alignment, this being caused by the presence of the arrestor.
No.19 runs light engine during testing to confirm the valve settings.
No.19 on the sharp climb around Dolarddyn towards Castle Caereinion.
No.19 climbs the 1 in 29 Golfa Incline from Welshpool Raven Square.
The Flash video files (.flv) above are the highest quality but a specific player may be required for them. A suitable player can be found here.


Sheffield Grade B Meet - Rhyl Dolphins S.C.
Five swimmers from Rhyl Dolphins have been competing at Ponds Forge 50 metre Swimming Pool in Sheffield last weekend. Adam Forman, Daniel & Matthew Meehan, Kelly Whiteside and Rebecca Williams all took part in the long course competition winning a total of 11 medals between them and all gaining excellent personal best times. Well done to you all.


The 445 SUV is one of three crossover models in Riviera's range of do-everything boats. The 445 SUV model measures 47'5" (14.5 m) in LOA, 15' (4.57 m) at the beam, and has a draft of 3'8" (1.13 m). The forefoot is sharp and deep, the bow has a marked flare, and the bottom has been optimized for Volvo Penta pod drives. Like all Rivieras, she was designed to handle Australia's coastal waters which are notoriously rough.
The Riviera 445 SUV measures 47'5" (14.5 m) long with a 15' (4.57 m) beam. Our test boat was equipped with a pair of standard 435-hp Volvo Penta IPS600 diesels. Note the flared bow, and the hardtop extension that provides more protection in the cockpit.
As the "SUV" designation implies, the Riviera 445 SUV is a sport utility vessel that can be used for fishing, cruising, entertaining, scuba diving, and all manner of day-boating activities. She is built on the same hull as the Riviera 43 Flybridge and she's obviously directed to owners who don't want the flying bridge and are probably more casual about their fishing, people who want a more all-purpose watersports boat without the climb.
The 445 SUV is one of three crossover models in Riviera's range of do-everything boats. The 445 SUV model measures 47'5" (14.5 m) in LOA, 15' (4.57 m) at the beam, and has a draft of 3'8" (1.13 m). The forefoot is sharp and deep, the bow has a marked flare, and the bottom has been optimized for Volvo Penta pod drives.
She is a capable open water cruising vessel that blends contemporary styling with modern marine systems. It's a low-profile design, keeping the center of gravity down, so it should be as at home in areas where bridges are low, as well as offshore.Built to operate in the wide open waters that surround Australia, she is a seaworthy design blending the builder's traditional indoor/outdoor livability with current operational technology — including pod drives from Volvo Penta and a Mastervolt CZone digital monitoring and control system for lighting, pumps, batteries and a host of other onboard equipment.
The 445 SUV's LOA is 47'5" (14.5 m) including her integral bow pulpit and and swim platform.
and open plan salon with aft galley will entertain five to seven persons in style. It will easily convert to a fishing boat with the right options. With two en suite staterooms, one of which has three berths, plus a convertible dinette option in the salon, the 445 SUV sleeps those same five to seven persons.
is typical of Riviera's reputation for open-water capable yachts. The hand-laid hull has a solid bottom and chines up to a point above the waterline where coring begins. Vinylester resin is used for the first hull lamination after the gelcoat for strength and osmotic protection.There's a watertight collision bulkhead forward and independent compartments throughout the hull. The deck and cabin top are cored structures.
There is nothing quite like being anchored out at sundown. Note the large transom door and platform rail that makes scuba diving more convenient, and casual fishing off the stern safer.
The cockpit, shown here with the standard swim platform and optional teak planking on the cockpit and mezzanine soles, as well as on top of the forward corner steps, has an aft facing mezzanine lounge. The galley and lounge are slightly raised up above the cockpit sole.
The optional extended swim platform, set at the same level as the cockpit sole and equipped with an optional dinghy rail, helps make fish fighting or water toy boarding easier.
features of the 102 sq. ft. (9.47 sq. m) cockpit is the massive, stainless steel framed opening of the tempered-glass aft bulkhead. Once the sliding door is opened and locked to port, there is a rear bulkhead awning-styled window to starboard that hinges up, held in place by stout gas-assist cylinders, to improve the indoor/outdoor connection between the galley and salon with the cockpit.Another practical, seldom-seen feature found here — a stainless steel overhead handrail for a steady transition between the cockpit and the salon, particularly useful in a seaway.
The cockpit, with under-gunwale storage lockers on three sides, two in-sole lockers and a transom locker that can be optionally equipped with a bait well or grill, is a perfect example of the 445 SUV's crossover capabilities. The awning and teak planking are optional.
Forward to port against the bulkhead there's a large locker with a solid surface countertop, a top loading refrigerator, and an icemaker below. Anglers might use this counter top as a bait prep counter, or when entertaining, drinks and food can be placed here. To starboard, there's a two-person mezzanine lounge seat, with storage below. This seat is a good spot for relaxing or watching fishing action. In the sole between, there's a flush-mounted day-access hatch to the engine room for quick maintenance checks.Riviera reinforces the sole with a metal alloy plate for future installation of a fighting chair or a fixed table. The transom locker can be plumbed as a bait tank with circulating pump and window, and under the lid a shelf can be used as a bait prep board. Or, it can be fitted with an outdoor grill, sink with hot and cold pressure water, and a solid surface countertop. Outriggers, padded bolsters and five rod holders are optionally available, as well.
An extended length version of the swim platform is available, along with a U-shaped stainless steel dinghy rail, to make dinghy or water toy boarding easier. Both the swim platform and the cockpit sole up to the mezzanine level can be teak planked, optionally.
With the rear bulkhead opened, there's an open feeling between the cockpit and the salon. Note the overhead handrail to aid moving through the sliding glass door opening in a seaway.
, there are four under gunwale lockers and one in the transom fitted with stout latches. The in-sole hatches have heavy-duty stainless steel locks and gas struts to hold them safely open. Riviera provides a fresh water washdown outlet, and a handheld hot/cold fresh water shower near the fiberglass transom door.
There's a top-loading ice chest, solid surface counter top, a standard icemaker and storage in the port side locker. The mezzanine seating has storage under, as well. Note the day access to the engine room on the centerline, and the grab rail on the after edge of triangular clear panel.
Several other details stand out on the aft deck. There's a molded flat to port above the entertainment console where an optional remote joystick and engine control panel can be mounted, a good idea for those who want more visibility and maneuverability aft when backing down on fish or into a slip.
Stainless steel handrails on the outside aft corners and on top of the cabin provide safety along both side decks for those going forward to handle anchoring duties or dock lines.
Molded steps in the forward corners of the aft cockpit and the small handrails mounted to the trailing edge of the triangular acrylic clear panels supporting the optional awning. Additional handrails are mounted horizontally on the cabin top. Thigh-high outboard rails mounted on the toe kicks run all the way to, and surround, the bow for safety.
The optional sun pad is mounted on the centerline and flanked by stainless steel rails.
The optional sun pad for the foredeck is mounted on the crowned surface over the forward cabin that has good runoff qualities for spray, and it has an integral pillow section, and is flanked by two stainless steel handrails for added security on the foredeck.
includes a vertical winch with 164' (50 m) of 8 mm galvanized chain, a molded bowsprit with roller, and a 45-lb. (20 kg) anchor. (We'd add another 100' of chain.) A chain counter comes standard, something that is a big help, particularly at night. The anchor locker is divided for chain and rope rode separation, and is equipped with foot switches, a remote switch at the helm, as well as saltwater wash down bibs.
The new 445 SUV emphasizes clear sight lines with fixed and sliding windows on two sides, and features like the massive, polished stainless steel aft bulkhead awning-style window and sliding door, to further the builder's inside/outside design concept.
A deep, undivided stainless steel sink, a two-burner electric cooktop with removable pot restraints, a microwave/convection oven, and a pair of drawer-style refrigerators are standard. Note the cabinets above which have their own dedicated holders for stemware and china.
When preparing food or drinks in the port side galley, the chef has good contact with family and guests, both in the salon and the cockpit. Storage in the galley is beneath the solid surface countertops, and in the portside cabinets overhead. There is a two burner stovetop. Under-counter drawer-style Vitrifrigo refrigerator and freezer drawers are adequate for short cruises and day-boat entertaining. A built-in microwave oven is standard.The galley counters are solid surface with backsplashes and all drawers and cabinets have positive latches. The main CZone digital monitoring and switching system's touch screen display is mounted on the aft end of the cabinets above.
And in another nod to safety in a seaway, there's an overhead handrail, recessed into the overhead, that stretches from the sliding glass door to the companionway stairs leading down to the accommodations.
With the awning-style window opened aft, sliding windows to port and starboard, and an opening overhead hatch, natural light and ventilation are well thought out.
The folding table in the U-shaped lounge to starboard can be manually adjusted to several levels. It dines four to six when up or, as an option, converts to a double bed when down. Leather upholstery and multiple density support look good together, and add pleasure for those who choose to enjoy the cruise from the main salon. Sliding windows add to the natural ventilation possibilities.
is used for cabinetry, bulkheads, and trim as standard, with commercial grade Kentucky oak synthetic flooring in the galley and salon. Optionally, a high-gloss cherry interior is available. The cabinet at the aft end of the L-shaped lounge stores an LED television on a lift.
Sightlines from the twin leather upholstered, fore-and-aft adjustable helm seats are virtually unencumbered. Footrests at two heights accommodate a range of crew heights. Note the armrests, flip-up bolsters and the plush upholstery.
Set to port, the helm is faced by two leather-upholstered chairs that adjust fore and aft manually, and have folding armrests. A two-level angled footrest is provided below the console for both seats.
are good on every point of the compass, with the only exception being the small angle in the aft port corner above the galley. Three pantograph windscreen wipers with fresh water wash downs and intermittent controls help keep the view ahead clear — a good idea in case one fails in a seaway.
are located at a height that are handy for both a sitting or standing captain. The VHF radio and mike are situated outboard, along with the main electrical panel. For natural ventilation, there is an overhead opening hatch and a sliding window to port. A/C and defogging vents are situated forward of the console.
Stitched-leather wraps the console and the wheel. Lighted rocker switches control the most critical systems, including the bilge pumps and windshield wipers.
Two optional 12" MFDs dominate the upper portion of the console. In the installation pictured above, the electronic shift and throttle controls, optional autopilot, and trim tabs controls are within easy reach of the helm. There's room remaining for electronic engine display, the windlass with chain counter, and the stereo control near the right edge.All of the system switches are individually back-lighted pushbuttons that span the upper edge of the lower console section, neatly labeled for fast identification. An anchor windlass control with chain counter and an engine room extinguisher system with alarm and test panel are also found on the console.
The Mastervolt CZone touchscreen is in the galley.
In the galley, this Mastervolt touchscreen system allows owners control of multiple systems for entertainment, lighting, and climate control — just to name a few. It has three pre-programmed modes to cover operation of systems according to their use, be it cruising, entertaining, or at the dock. When the owner wants to dim the lights, control the windscreen wipers, or shut down all power and systems when leaving the boat, it happens at the touch of a finger.
The master stateroom in the bow does not lack for space and amenities, including a private en suite head to port. The standard layout positions the VIP stateroom amidships, and it has three single berths. There are tracks in the VIP stateroom that allow the forward athwartships single berth to be moved aft and converted into a double.
The master stateroom in the bow has fixed port lights on both sides of the queen berth.
is forward, with two long in-hull windows for good views and natural light, and an opening hatch overhead for natural ventilation. There are 10,000 BTUs of air conditioning and reverse cycle heat, optionally available, dedicated to the master and the adjoining private en suite head. The queen size berth is easily accessed from either side, and there are storage drawers in the base beneath. Other storage includes two cedar-lined wardrobes, one with shelves, the other with a hanging rail.Most importantly, there is full standing headroom through the master compartment.
The master en suite head has a separate glass enclosed shower with a teak seat.
The private master stateroom en suite head compartment features a contemporary vanity with solid surface top and modern porcelain bowl sink.
The guest suite is a comfortable, full-beam getaway that has two large in-hull windows with opening ports for natural light and ventilation. These beds can be joined to form a double.
At the foot of the two single berths there is another single stretching along the hull side.
has two single berths running athwartships, and a third single running fore and aft along the starboard side — a handy feature for a family with three children, or children with a nanny.
with another couple, they will be glad to have the privacy of this stateroom, even though it does not have full standing headroom by the beds. It does have sufficient headroom for most people at the entrance where the dresser and mirror are located. By mounting the forward athwartships berth on tracks, Riviera's designers have found a way to join the two to form a double berth.Two in-hull windows provide good views and natural light, and two opening ports allow cross ventilation, but there is also optional 10,000 BTU air conditioning with reverse cycle heat available. The VIP stateroom has private access to the starboard side head compartment, which also serves as the day head.
The day head also has a separate glass enclosed shower with a teak seat.
The day head compares favorably with the master head in terms of storage, contemporary appointments, and human dimensions. The small teak seat in the enclosed shower adds convenience.
At the touch of a switch, the cockpit sole hinges up to offer unfettered access to the engines, genset, strainers, batteries and other systems.
is either through a day hatch in the aft deck sole, or more conveniently, a wide after section of the sole that rises up with an electric lift. Every wire, loom and plumbing line is color coded wherever possible for quick identification. The entire engine room is finished off in a smooth white coating that looks professional. All thru-hull fittings on or below the waterline have ball valves and double-clamped hoses. Fuel lines are swaged, and a fire suppression system with automatic/manual controls at the helm is standard. Standard power is twin 435-hp Volvo Penta IPS600 diesels.
The standard generator is a 9.5 kW (11.5 kW is optional) Onan EQD. The fuel/water separators for the mains and the genset are positioned on the forward bulkhead for easy service.
With the IPS 600s pod powering our test boat, we reached a top speed of 33.1 knots at 3630 rpm. Her best economic cruise came is as we dialed back to 2500 rpm and 18.3 knots. At that speed we were burning a combined 18 gph, giving us a range of just over 482 nautical miles, of course while still holding back a 10% reserve of the boat's 528-gallon (2,000 L) fuel capacity. But with that said, as with most IPS driven yachts, the economy changes very little from roughly 15 knots on up to full speed, so this is more of a yacht that we can operate based on prevailing conditions rather than fuel economy.
The Riviera 445 SUV had a time to plane of 5.5 seconds and reached 30 mph in 12.2 seconds.
As for handling, her solid build really comes into play with a feel of a much larger boat. She transitions through chop nicely and while there are plenty if grab rails throughout the boat, they seem ornamental as the 445 SUV remained steady during our time offshore. She still has the wide turning radious of an IPS powered boat, but reducing speed tightens the turns accordingly. She's responsive to the helm at both high and low speeds.
When docking, we appreciated the optional IPS joystick in the cockpit that gave us full visibility of the stern as we backed into our slip. Even with a strong crosswind, we had good control authority, needing only small pulses of the stick to ease her into position. This is an important consideration as often there's trepidation about transitioning to a larger yacht and this alleviates any concerns about being able to handle it at the dock.
Solid fiberglass construction below the waterline and a reinforced watertight collision bulkhead forming the anchor locker makes it clear that Riviera continues to stress seaworthiness in its SUV line.
Top speed for the Riviera 445 SUV (2016-) is 38.1 mph (61.3 kph), burning 41.0 gallons per hour (gph) or 155.18 liters per hour (lph).
Best cruise for the Riviera 445 SUV (2016-) is 21.0 mph (33.8 kph), and the boat gets 1.2 miles per gallon (mpg) or 0.51 kilometers per liter (kpl), giving the boat a cruising range of 554 miles (891.58 kilometers).
Tested power is 2x 435-hp Volvo Penta IPS600.


text:
Top 5 Best Cydia alternatives to download 2021
by shyami | Jul 29, 2019 | Alternative | 0 comments
Not so long back, when we thought of third-party apps and modified games, we would think of Cydia and jailbreaking. Until recently, that was the only way we could get that sort of content and the only way that we could modify our devices how we wanted them. These days, jailbreaking isn't an option for many people.
Although we do have a number of jailbreak utilities, they are somewhat limited – some of them can only be used on certain devices, and most are semi-untethered, meaning they have to be reactivated every tie the device is rebooted. The lack of jailbreaks is no longer an issue for many because, in recent years, a number of Cydia alternatives have been released.
What is a Cydia Alternative?
Cydia alternatives are third-party app installers, app stores if you like, but with a significant difference to the official app store. For a start, everything in these alternatives is completely free, and that includes paid official apps. And, second, there are plenty of modified apps, games, Cydia tweaks, and more, none of which will be found in the iOS app store.
The benefits to using these alternatives are:
They are easy to install and use
Compatible with almost every iOS device
They work on a range of firmware versions from iOS 7 to iOS 13
They do not interfere with or modify the iOS system in any way
They are legal to use because they don't modify your system
Easy to delete if no longer needed
All are fully supported by the developers and regularly updates
All are secured with SSL encryption and regular bug fixes/security updates
All contain thousands of apps, games, and tweaks.
The Real Alternative to Cydia:
There is only one real Cydia alternative, and that is Sileo. This is a package management system built into the latest jailbreaks but, like Cydia, it can only be used with a jailbreak, not as a standalone app.
Top 5 Cydia Alternatives:
With so many alternatives on offer now, how do you decide which one to use? To help you out, we did a little research, and we found that these are the best alternatives:
1.TweakBox:
2.Emus4U
3.AppValley
4.Panda Helper:
5.TutuApp
One of the top-rated Cydia alternatives is TweakBox, used by millions of people every day. It offers the largest and widest range of content in any of the alternatives, including modified apps like Instagram++ and Snapchat++ and tweaked games like Pokémon Go and Lat Day on Earth. TweakBox is dead simple to download and works on all iOS devices from iOS 7 right up to iOS 13.
One of the more recent releases, Emus4U is a top choice for jailbreakers because it contains some of the best Cydia tweaks, in particular, offering support for a range of games emulators. As well as the many thousands of apps and games, Emus4U also offers screen recorders, ring tones, themes, and movie and music streaming apps. Another easy one to download, it has been fully updated to support iOS 13 and offers a few in-app customizations.
AppValley is a great source of apps, games, and tweaks, including premium app store apps for free. As well as plenty of official iOS apps, there is a decent selection of modified apps like YouTube, Spotify, and Instagram++, tweaked games like Minecraft PE and GTA and lots of tweaking including emulators, screen recorders and streaming apps to name but a few. Easy to download and use, AppValley works on all iOS versions up to and including iOS 13.
A relatively new addition to the Cydia alternatives, Panda Helper, is available in two versions – a free one and a paid one. With the free version, you get thousands of apps and games to choose from, including tweaked apps like WhatsApp, Spotify and Snapchat, along with lots of tweaks. The paid version offers extra content, is much faster and more stable, and is also ad-free. Both versions are easy to install and work on all firmware, including iOS 13 and users are able to make game or app requests.
Perhaps one of the best-known names, TutuApp was the tweak of choice for jailbreakers to get their modified apps an games. Now available without needing a jailbreak, TutuApp still offers a huge range of apps, games, and tweaks for users to choose from. It is stable and reliable, available in multiple download languages and works on all devices on all the latest iOS versions. Like Panda Helper, it is available in both free and paid versions and can be installed directly on your device or via your computer.
How to Use Cydia Alternatives:
Downloading these alternatives is easy enough, and all can be installed directly on your iPhone or iPad. But what about using them? Well, that is easy enough to do as well, and the steps are the same for every alternative:
Install your choice of Cydia alternative onto your device
Find the installer icon on your home page and tap to open it
You will likely be stopped by an Untrusted Developer error – see below for steps to fix
When you open the installer, choose and app category and tap it
Find the app or game you want to install – use the search bar or browse
Tap it, tap on the Install option and wait for the installation to finish
Your app or game is ready to use.
Fixing Untrusted Developer Error:
When you see the Untrusted Developer error, it is because it is an unofficial app and the developer is unknown to Apple. Fixing it is really very easy:
Note the app developer name from the error message – it will be different for each installer
Open Settings > General > Profiles
Tap the developer name in the list and tap on the Trust button
Close Settings and try the installer again – you should no go straight into the app.
These are the very best of the Cydia alternatives on offer today. All of them offer a good range of tweaks, apps, and games, enough to give all users something of what they miss from Cydia.
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Use of the Residence Hall Network requires weekly authentication to access campus and Internet services. Please follow the Getting Connected section to get started. Once you connect to the Residence Hall Network, you can switch to the online documentation pages. Should you need assistance, please contact the IST Service Desk (servicedesk.njit.edu).
Respect for intellectual labor and creativity is vital to academic discourse and enterprise. This principle applies to work of all authors and publishers in all media. It encompasses respect for the right to acknowledgment, right to privacy, and right to determine the form, manner, and terms of publication and distribution. Because electronic information is volatile and easily reproduced, respect for the work and personal expression of others is especially critical in computer environments. Violations of authorial integrity, including plagiarism, invasion of privacy, unauthorized access, and trade secret and copyright violations may be grounds for sanctions against members of the academic community.
We are required under the Higher Educational Opportunity Act of 2008 (HEOA) to assist in the reduction of the illegal sharing of copyrighted materials through peer-to-peer (P2P) and other file sharing technologies. Copyright infringement is the act of exercising, without permission or legal authority, one or more of the exclusive rights granted to the copyright owner under section 106 of the Copyright Act (Title 17 of the United states Code). These rights include the right to reproduce or distribute a copyrighted work. In the file-sharing context, downloading or uploading substantial parts of a copyrighted work without authority constitutes an infringement.
Penalties for copyright infringement beyond university disciplinary actions include civil and criminal penalties. In general, anyone found liable for civil copyright infringement may be ordered to pay either actual damages or "statutory" damages per work infringed. Willful copyright infringement can also result in criminal penalties, including imprisonment.
Once connected, students are required to follow the Acceptable Use Policy for Cyber Resources. Please review the Acceptable Use Policy for Cyber Resources for complete information.
The NJIT Student Senate voted to recommend that the University restrict peer-to-peer file sharing. Information Services & Technology enacted procedures to support this recommendation. As of May 2003, access to popular peer-to-peer sharing services from the NJIT Network to the commodity Internet was blocked and no longer function.
A wireless network is available in the residence halls. The SSID "NJIThousing" wireless network should be "preferred" over the other NJIT wireless networks in the residence halls. This SSID is available only in the residence halls. For wireless networks, click here. Personal Wireless Access Points shall not be allowed in residence halls.
NJIT does not permit the connection of Hubs/Switches on the network ports due to a limitation on IP address space. Residents may add a residential NAT/PAT gateway with RFC 1918 private address space (192.168.0.0) to support multiple connections. Hub and Switch control have been implemented in all residence hall networks. Details.
Authentication is required for use of the NJIT Network and Internet. To authenticate, open your browser and go to http://auth.njit.edu/. Information about authentication is available here. If you have problems, please call the IST Service Desk at 973-596-2900, or dial extension 2900 from any campus phone. A campus phone is available at the front desk of each residence hall.
If you have not already done so, install your Network Interface Card (NIC, LAN Card) in your computer. This should be an Ethernet card with an RJ45 Jack. Most newer PCs already have one installed.
During the installation, install only the TCP/IP protocol, set to automatically configure. Using other protocols can cause noise on the Residence Hall network and slow down connectivity for all residents. Note: You must set the TCP/IP protocol to automatically configure. This option can also be referred to as, "Obtain IP Address Automatically", or "Use DHCP to Configure this System." If the bridge connection or other protocols such as IPX/NetBios are installed, they should be removed or disabled.
Obtain a twisted CAT5, CAT V or better Ethernet cable with RJ 45 connectors. This cable will connect your PC to the campus network. It is important that you use the correct cable; do not use a telephone cable or other flat serial cable. The use of an incorrect cable can damage the pins in your network port or cause a poor connection.
Locate the wall plate in your room (it is usually near your desk). The wall plate will have a single RED RJ45 jack that looks like a large phone connector. Connect your Ethernet cable to both the RED jack on your wall plate, and the port on your computer's Network Interface Card.
Start your browser and go to Residence Hall Connectivity Guide, review the Agreements, Connectivity Guide, and other services. The remaining steps link from this page. You can select the Quick Start Guide and continue from here interactively.
To use the residence hall network, you need a University Computing ID (UCID). Information about your UCID and how to obtain it is available in the IST Getting Started Guide.
To use your e-mail, see How to Send Mail from a Residence Hall or visit the Webmail By Google Launch Page.


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The Early Generation Taylor of Saint Joe
Tremendous changes had happened in society and especially from the old Saint Joe High School to the new one. 72 year old Margaret Taylor has experienced...
Support for Giuliana Mendez
On February 5, an unfortunate tragedy occurred to a 13-year-old girl, Giuliana Mendez, her mother Kassandra Zwierzynski, and four siblings as well....
The End of the Line at Regionals
Three Saint Joe wrestlers competed in regionals on Saturday, February 6 at Penn High School. Jacob Marscola, Amarion Parker, and Brady Farrell showed valiant...
Wrestlers Desperate Battle to Reach Regional
After their win over Marian in the Holy War and on Marian's senior night, the Saint Joe wrestling team went to sectionals at Mishawaka High School on Saturday,...
Senior Night for Wrestlers
The wrestling team celebrated their seniors last Saturday January 23rd in Alumni Gym prior to the battle among Saint Joe, Riley, and Adams. Riley won...
Fresh out of winter break, the Saint Joseph Wrestling team faced continuous battles against 13 different schools in 5 different meets within ten days from...
Nearing the Finals
Wake up Saint Joe! Finals is approaching next week on the 16, 17, and 18 of December, and all Saint Joe students are required to take it for their first...
Our Athletic Trainer
During the fall of 2018, Eric Kastrup became an athletic trainer for Saint Joseph High School. As athletic trainer, he serves to keep our sports team healthy...
The Wild Attacker
A ferocious Saint Joe senior wrestler, Trevor Johnson, looks to take down his competitors and achieve his dream goal of qualifying to the regional level...
The Stallion's Last Stand (Boys XC SemiState)
Through many years of hard work and dedication, Zach Taylor, senior captain of the boys cross country team, was finally able to break 17 minutes at his...
Shazam! Fantastic for the Family
Superhero fans, don't be disappointed in DC just yet. DC's movie release of Shazam! on March 15, 2019 helped set DC back into action after its disappointing...
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On October 14, students in grades 9 through 11 will be taking the PSAT at Saint Joseph High School on paper. It is important to take the PSAT seriously...


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What is a modern data and analytics strategy and how can Snowflake help you deliver on it?
What is a modern data…
Article 1 in a three-part series
Our current-day obsession with cloud-based data and analytics has been a long time in the making. Over the last 30 years, organizations have wrestled with how best to organize, manage, and analyze their data in a high-impact but cost-effective way. Now, with cloud-native tools like Snowflake Data Cloud that leave cumbersome and costly infrastructures behind, could the great data struggle finally be over? Before we explore the way forward, let's reflect on how we got to this moment.
Data history lesson
In the early 1990s, organizations started to heavily invest in enterprise data warehouses, hoping to gain a better understanding of their operational performance and customer behavior from the data they were collecting. Throughout the next decade, investment in analytics was heavily focused on driving new product offerings and improving sales and marketing. The financial crisis in 2008 marked a turning point. In the years after, new regulations in the financial services and healthcare industries drove increased investment in analytics to support regulatory compliance.
Around the mid-2010s is when things really took off. Rapid innovations in technology infrastructure and tools drove down costs dramatically. Organizations now had access to a variety of open source analytics tools like Hadoop that they could run on significantly less expensive hardware (think Unix server farms). At the same time the variety and volume of data collection skyrocketed thanks to the Internet of Things, mobile devices and apps, and social media. Companies were inspired to experiment with these faster, cheaper approaches to gathering and analyzing data that promised to help them market, sell, and operate more effectively.
The modern era of data arrives—on a cloud
More recently, the emergence of cloud—and platforms like Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform—has made the whole notion of hardware obsolete, freeing up funding and resources to pursue more aggressive, more effective, and more widespread use of business and advanced analytics.
The move to the cloud is happening a lot faster than anyone predicted, driven in large part by the need to replace or modernize legacy technology assets that are reaching the end of their lifecycle. Access to the cloud and cloud services can help organizations significantly speed time to delivery and increase flexibility while dramatically reducing total cost of ownership. Add to these advantages a never-ending stream of data sources and easier-to-implement technologies, and you can see how this perfect storm is leading companies to feverishly pursue cloud-powered advanced analytics that help them understand customer behaviors, rapidly iterate products, hyper-personalize marketing, and increase sales.
Better than a silver bullet: A modern data and analytics strategy
While it may be tempting to move to the cloud as fast as you can—and platforms like Snowflake Data Cloud are making it a lot easier—realizing its full potential for your organization requires a modern and comprehensive data and analytics strategy. What do we mean by modern and comprehensive?
It's built on best-of-breed technology and industry standards
It provides organizations with a scalable framework to collect information, process, transform, structure, and deliver it through a standard platform and processes.
It creates an environment for analytics products to be developed, automated, and propagated across an enterprise based on the organization's business drivers.
In the face of rapid technology and marketplace change, having a strategic framework in place—one that is grounded in your organizations stated analytics priorities—will enable smarter, faster decision-making about how to invest in and assemble the necessary components and capabilities. Without the framework's guardrails, organizations tend to revert to siloed processes, which ultimately leads to duplication of efforts, higher costs, and mistrust of the data.
Build your strategy on these 3 pillars
Based on our experience working with large companies across different industries, Aspirent has developed a reference architecture that enables and sustains a successful analytics journey and flexes to meet future needs. It's built on 3 pillars.
Data foundation
Organizing your data into raw, curated, and analytic layers enables organizations to blend disparate data sources and unlock the value of all your data. It's also important to determine the proper ingestion, transformation, and analytical integration patterns for the data your organization gathers and uses. Having a roadmap that lays out the needs for the next 18-36 months can help you determine how the best way to organize the different elements into your ideal future state.
Visualization and advanced analytics
Properly designed data layers also reduce overhead for visualization developers and data scientists, providing them with accurate and synthesized data from various sources. Deployed on a strong data foundation, visualization tools help automate and distribute analytical products to the organization, enabling business users to understand complex data via easy-to-interpret visualized data points and become empowered decision-makers. Advanced analytics can deliver even deeper business understanding by uncovering and predicting the drivers of critical decision-making. Identifying how the organization is going to consume these insights is key not only to selecting the right visualization and analytics tools, but also to maximizing their value.
To ensure your data and analytics strategy delivers on its promise in a meaningful and sustainable way, it's critical to establish a robust data governance program with a steering committee that collaborates to set and enforce data standards and policies. Without effective data governance your data and analytics strategy could be derailed by data quality issues that go unresolved and cause integration and accuracy issues in your analytics efforts. Performing data audits to track data usage patterns helps organizations manage the costs of cloud platforms—whether, like Snowflake, the platform uses a consumption-based pricing model or a more traditional subscription model.
Can Snowflake fast-track how your strategy comes to life?
There is no doubt that Snowflake offers a number of powerful capabilities and potential advantages that can help your move to the cloud progress more smoothly. As with any technology you consider as you map out your data strategy, it's critical to understand how Snowflake's capabilities align to your specific operating realities so you can match the right workloads to the right technologies.
For example, if your organization is regularly querying integrated and aggregated data to support a variety of business analytics, then minimizing the replication of data and providing easy, scalable, and workload-level compute resources are going to be top priorities. This is one of Snowflake's sweet spots. If your organization requires a lot of routine data ingestion and transformation, then processing the data in a different platform and bringing in into Snowflake to support downstream business analytics might provide a more flexible and cost-effective solution.
Ultimately, what you want is the right solution stack for each of the three pillars in your data and analytics strategy. We explore how and where Snowflake can help you do that in our second installment in this series "How to use Snowflake to its maximum value in your data and analytics strategy."
Dave Mobley, Chief Practices Officer
Greg Stuhlman, Principal, Data Analytics
Shan-Ming Chiu, Senior Manager, Data Architecture
Learn more about Aspirent's Data & Analytics Practice.
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Navigating Cancer Care
Types of Cancer >
Osteosarcoma - Childhood and Adolescence >
Osteosarcoma - Childhood and Adolescence: Introduction
Approved by the Cancer.Net Editorial Board, 01/2022
ON THIS PAGE: You will find some basic information about this disease and the parts of the body it may affect. This is the first page of Cancer.Net's Guide to Osteosarcoma in Childhood and Adolescence. Use the menu to see other pages. Think of that menu as a roadmap for this entire guide.
About sarcoma
Sarcoma is cancer that develops in the tissues that support and connect parts of the body. These include bone, fat, muscle, and soft tissue. Cancer begins when healthy cells change and grow out of control. They form a mass called a tumor. A tumor can be cancerous or benign. A cancerous tumor is malignant. This means that it can spread to other parts of the body, called metastasis. A benign tumor means the tumor is unlikely to spread.
About osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma is a cancer of the bone that destroys tissue and weakens the bone. It develops from immature bone cells that normally form new bone tissue.
Osteosarcoma most often starts in a leg bone around the knee joint, either at the femur, which is the lower end of the thigh bone, or the tibia, which is the upper end of the shin bone. The next most common place osteosarcoma begins is in the humerus. This is the upper arm bone close to the shoulder.
However, osteosarcoma can develop in any bone in the body. Rarely, it occurs as a tumor in the body's soft tissue, outside the bone.
Types and subtypes of osteosarcoma
There are 2 types of osteosarcoma:
Central tumor, also called a medullary tumor
Surface tumor, also called a peripheral tumor
Each type of osteosarcoma has different subtypes. The type and subtype of osteosarcoma is determined by looking at the tumor cells through a microscope.
Subtypes of central/medullary osteosarcoma include:
Conventional central osteosarcoma, such as osteoblastic, chondroblastic, fibroblastic, and mixed types
Telangiectatic osteosarcoma
Intraosseous well-differentiated or low-grade central osteosarcoma
Small cell osteosarcoma
Subtypes of surface/peripheral osteosarcoma include:
Parosteal well-differentiated or low-grade osteosarcoma, also called juxtacortical osteosarcoma
Periosteal osteosarcoma that is low grade to intermediate grade
High-grade surface osteosarcoma
The most common subtype of osteosarcoma is conventional central osteosarcoma. The other subtypes are much less common. They each account for less than 5% of all osteosarcomas.
The tumor's grade is the most important factor in treatment decision-making. This is because low-grade tumors only recur in the same area, called locally. High-grade tumors metastasize, or spread, to other parts of the body and can recur anywhere in the body. Most osteosarcoma in children are high grade.
This guide covers osteosarcoma that is diagnosed during childhood and adolescence, also called pediatric osteosarcoma. Visit the bone cancer and soft tissue sarcoma guides of this website to learn more about other types of sarcoma.
Looking for More of an Introduction?
If you would like more of an introduction, explore these related items. Please note that these links take you to other sections on Cancer.Net:
Cancer.Net En Español: Read about osteosarcoma in Spanish. Infórmase sobre osteosarcoma en la infancia y la adolescencia en español.
The next section in this guide is Statistics. It helps explain the number of people who are diagnosed with osteosarcoma and general survival rates. Use the menu to choose a different section to read in this guide.
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Osteosarcoma - Childhood and Adolescence Guide
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Osteosarcoma - Childhood and Adolescence
Symptoms and Signs
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Questions to Ask the Health Care Team
Other types of cancer Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Adrenal Gland Tumor Amyloidosis Anal Cancer Appendix Cancer Astrocytoma - Childhood Ataxia-Telangiectasia Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome Bile Duct Cancer (Cholangiocarcinoma) Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome Bladder Cancer Bone Cancer (Sarcoma of Bone) Brain Stem Glioma - Childhood Brain Tumor Breast Cancer Breast Cancer - Inflammatory Breast Cancer - Metastatic Breast Cancer, Male Carney Complex Central Nervous System Tumors (Brain and Spinal Cord) - Childhood Cervical Cancer Childhood Cancer Colorectal Cancer Cowden Syndrome Craniopharyngioma - Childhood Desmoid Tumor Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma, Childhood Tumor Ependymoma - Childhood Esophageal Cancer Ewing Sarcoma - Childhood and Adolescence Eye Cancer Eyelid Cancer Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Familial GIST Familial Malignant Melanoma Familial Pancreatic Cancer Gallbladder Cancer Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor - GIST Germ Cell Tumor - Childhood Gestational Trophoblastic Disease Head and Neck Cancer Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Cancer Hereditary Mixed Polyposis Syndrome Hereditary Pancreatitis Hereditary Papillary Renal Carcinoma HIV/AIDS-Related Cancer Juvenile Polyposis Syndrome Kidney Cancer Lacrimal Gland Tumor Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancer Leukemia - Acute Lymphoblastic - ALL - Childhood Leukemia - Acute Lymphocytic - ALL Leukemia - Acute Myeloid - AML Leukemia - Acute Myeloid - AML - Childhood Leukemia - B-cell Prolymphocytic Leukemia and Hairy Cell Leukemia Leukemia - Chronic Lymphocytic - CLL Leukemia - Chronic Myeloid - CML Leukemia - Chronic T-Cell Lymphocytic Leukemia - Eosinophilic Li-Fraumeni Syndrome Liver Cancer Lung Cancer - Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer - Small Cell Lymphoma - Hodgkin Lymphoma - Hodgkin - Childhood Lymphoma - Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma - Non-Hodgkin - Childhood Lynch Syndrome Mastocytosis Medulloblastoma - Childhood Melanoma Meningioma Mesothelioma Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 Multiple Myeloma MUTYH (or MYH)-Associated Polyposis Myelodysplastic Syndromes - MDS Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinus Cancer Nasopharyngeal Cancer Neuroblastoma - Childhood Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Gastrointestinal Tract Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Lung Neuroendocrine Tumor of the Pancreas Neuroendocrine Tumors Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Neurofibromatosis Type 2 Nevoid Basal Cell Carcinoma Syndrome Oral and Oropharyngeal Cancer Osteosarcoma - Childhood and Adolescence Ovarian, Fallopian Tube, and Peritoneal Cancer Pancreatic Cancer Parathyroid Cancer Penile Cancer Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Pituitary Gland Tumor Pleuropulmonary Blastoma - Childhood Prostate Cancer Retinoblastoma - Childhood Rhabdomyosarcoma - Childhood Salivary Gland Cancer Sarcoma - Kaposi Sarcomas, Soft Tissue Skin Cancer (Non-Melanoma) Small Bowel Cancer Stomach Cancer Testicular Cancer Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma Thyroid Cancer Tuberous Sclerosis Complex Unknown Primary Uterine Cancer Vaginal Cancer Von Hippel-Lindau Syndrome Vulvar Cancer Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia (Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma) Werner Syndrome Wilms Tumor - Childhood Xeroderma Pigmentosum
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