text:
What the Government Shutdown Means for Home Loans
The partial federal government shutdown is complicating the already complicated process of getting and managing a mortgage. For one thing, the political storm is like severe weather at a major airport: You can expect minor delays or worse. Also, it could mean financial hardship for some federal government employees facing mortgage payments without their regular paychecks.
Here's how the shutdown is affecting home buyers and homeowners — and what you can do about it.
If you're getting an FHA, VA or USDA loan
If you're getting a Federal Housing Administration or Department of Veterans Affairs loan, it's likely you can expect delays in the underwriting process, and it's possible your closing date will be pushed back as well.
There's good news for most FHA-qualified home buyers: Single-family FHA loans are being funded, even during the shutdown. FHA home equity conversion mortgages (known as reverse mortgages) and FHA Title I loans (financing for permanent property improvements and renovations) are the exception — and won't be processed during the shutdown. The processing of VA loans will continue, according to the Mortgage Bankers Association, but you may have to wait.
Support staff at the VA and at the Department of Housing and Urban Development who handle underwriting or entitlement questions "are unavailable, so FHA/VA borrowers may experience delays," says Ted Rood, a senior loan officer in St. Louis.
The U.S. Department of Agriculture isn't approving new USDA loans during the shutdown.
If you're seeking a conventional loan
Most mortgages are considered conventional loans, meaning they aren't backed by the federal government. However, they are facilitated by government-sponsored enterprises, such as Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
As private companies, Fannie and Freddie aren't directly affected by the shutdown. Mortgage processing is continuing as usual, except in cases where the federal government provides information required for underwriting.
"The IRS has not been processing 4506-T tax transcripts — tax return verifications — which are required on most files, although that service is restarting," Rood says. "There will still be a backlog due to requests that have been piling up since Dec. 22."
Self-employed borrowers are particularly affected by the lack of access to federal income tax transcripts. Some lenders may accept signed tax returns in lieu of transcripts.
And the shutdown could also stall verification of employment for government employees.
If you need flood insurance
Getting flood insurance if you're buying in a flood-prone area shouldn't be a problem despite some earlier troubled waters.
The Federal Emergency Management Agency announced on Dec. 28 that it would resume selling and renewing flood insurance policies. That reversed a Dec. 26 decision to suspend policy sales and renewals during the partial shutdown.
"This new decision means thousands of home sale transactions in communities across the country can go forward without interruption," National Association of Realtors President John Smaby said in a press release.
If you own a home but aren't getting paid
If the lack of a paycheck has you worried about paying an existing mortgage on time, contact your loan servicer immediately. Explain your situation and ask about alternatives.
One common option is forbearance, an arrangement designed to help homeowners during periods of financial hardship. Forbearance temporarily reduces or suspends your mortgage payments while money is short. For example, Wells Fargo and LoanDepot list forbearance on their websites, though cases are approved on an individual basis.
A short-term loan that makes up for missed pay is another possible option. Navy Federal Credit Union, for example, is offering one-time 0% APR loans of up to $6,000 for federal employees and active-duty members of the Coast Guard who typically use direct deposit for their paychecks.
Talking with your lender before you miss a payment could keep your credit score from suffering a hit.
"We will work with each customer individually and can help with things such as late fees and not reporting to the credit bureau," Tom Kelly, a JPMorgan Chase spokesman, said in an email.
If you're considering a mortgage rate lock
Mortgage rates already had been falling when the shutdown began Dec. 22, and they fell more than an eighth of a percentage point in the two weeks that followed. That's why the shutdown could give you a chance to grab a good mortgage rate.
"Our expectation is that this will be a short-term blip and you'll be glad if you were able to take advantage of the drop in mortgage rates," says Danielle Hale, chief economist for Realtor.com. Her forecast assumes that the shutdown won't last for months and that mortgage rates will rise this year.
'Lenders are closing thousands of loans a day'
Shutdown-related issues are causing delays of up to two weeks on typical loans, according to Alan Rosenbaum, CEO and founder of Guardhill Financial in New York City. Still, one industry leader thinks it's mostly business as usual.
"The government shutdown is having a minimal impact on the mortgage industry," Mat Ishbia, president and CEO of United Wholesale Mortgage, says. "Lenders are closing thousands of loans a day. Everything is moving forward."
Unfortunately, government employees who are already homeowners — with a mortgage and facing cash flow issues from the lack of a paycheck — may be the ones who feel the biggest impact.
NerdWallet writers Beth Buczynski, Hal M. Bundrick and Barbara Marquand contributed to this article.
More From NerdWallet
What You Need to Know About FHA Loans
Find Out How Much Home You Can Afford
The article What the Government Shutdown Means for Home Loans originally appeared on NerdWallet.
Great Offers with TurboTax
Identity Theft & Security Awareness


text:
Birthdays by Year
Highlights Events Birthdays Deaths
Jan 4 John James Peck, American Major General (Union Army), born in Manlius, New York (d. 1878)
Jan 7 Lucius Jeremiah Gartrell, Brigadier General (Confed Army), (d. 1891)
James Longstreet
Jan 8 James Longstreet, American Confederate general (1st Corps, ANV), born in Edgefield, South Carolina (d. 1904)
Confederate General
Jan 12 Nikolai Afanisev, composer
Jan 15 Lafayette McLaws, Major General (Confederate Army), (d. 1897)
Jan 21 John Cabell Breckinridge, (D) 14th US VP (1857-61)/mjr-gen (Confed)
Jan 27 John Chivington, American officer, (d. 1892)
Jan 29 Isaac Ferdinand Quinby, American General (Union Army), born in Morristown, New Jersey (d. 1891)
Feb 1 Charles Samvei Bovy-Lysberg, composer
Feb 3 Elizabeth Blackwell, English-American physician who was the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States, born in Bristol, England (d. 1910)
Feb 10 William Read Scurry, (Confederate Army Brigadier General, (d. 1864))
Feb 11 Hermann Allmers, writer
Feb 11 Auguste-Édouard Mariette, French Egyptologist (d. 1881)
Feb 15 Abraham de Amorie van der de Have, theologist/poet
Feb 16 Heinrich Barth, geographer/explorer (Central Africa), born in Hamburg, Germany
Feb 17 Lola Montez, Irish dancer (d. 1861)
Feb 19 Francis Preston Blair Jr, (Rep-Missouri), born in Lexington, Kentucky (d. 1875)
Feb 21 Charles Scribner, American music publisher (Scribner Catalog)
Mar 1 Joseph Hubert Reinkens, German Catholic bishop (d. 1896)
Mar 12 John Abbott, 3rd Canadian Prime Minister (1891-92), born in Saint-Andre, Quebec (d. 1893)
3rd Prime Minister of Canada
Mar 12 Luitpold von Bayern, Prince-regent of Bayern
Mar 14 Jens Worsaae, Danish archaeologist, historian and politician, born in Vejle, Denmark (d. 1885)
Mar 15 William Milligan, Scottish theologian (d. 1892)
Mar 15 Eduard Heine, German mathematician (d. 1881)
Mar 15 Johann Josef Loschmidt, Austrian scientist (d. 1895)
Mar 16 Ernest Feydeau, French author (Georges Feydeau)
Mar 19 Francis Barretto Spinola, American politician and Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Old Field, New York (d. 1891)
Richard Francis Burton
Mar 19 Richard Burton, English explorer and translator (Arabian Nights), born in Torquay, Devon (d. 1890)
Geographer, Explorer & Translator
Mar 19 William Allingham, Ballyshannon, County Donegal, Irish poet (The Fairies, Laurence Bloomfield in Ireland)
Mar 23 Aleksej F Pisemski, Russian writer (Clodhopper)
Mar 24 Elisa Felix, [Rachel], tragedienne
Mar 24 [George] Hector Tyndale, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1880)
Mar 26 Ernst Engel, German statistician and economist (Law of Engel), born in Dresden, Germany (d. 1896)
Mar 29 Joshua Thomas Owen, British-American educator, politician, and Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Carmarthen, United Kingdom (d. 1887)
Apr 3 T. Pelham Dale, Anglican clergyman prosecuted for Ritualist practices in the 1870s, born in Greenwich (d. 1892)
Apr 4 Linus Yale Jr., American portrait painter and inventor (Yale cylinder lock), born in Salisbury, New York (d. 1868)
Apr 9 Charles-Pierre Baudelaire, French poet and translator (Les Fleurs du mal), born in Paris, France (d. 1867)
Apr 15 Joseph E. Brown, American attorney and politician (42nd Governor of Georgia), born in Pickens, South Carolina (d. 1894)
Apr 16 Ford Madox Brown, British painter, born in Calais, France (d. 1893)
Apr 19 Mortimer Dormer Leggett, American Major General (Union Army), born in Ithaca, New York (d. 1896)
Apr 23 Pierre Dupont, French songwriter, born in Lyon, France (d. 1870)
May 2 Abram Sanders Piatt, American farmer, publisher, poet, politician, and Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Cincinnati, Ohio (d. 1908)
May 8 William Henry Vanderbilt, American businessman, member of the Vanderbilt family, born in New Brunswick, New Jersey (d. 1885)
May 11 [Carlos] Charles John Stolbrand, Swedish-American Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Skåne, Sweden (d. 1894)
May 16 Pafnuty Chebyshev, Russian mathematician (d. 1894)
May 17 Sebastian Kneipp, Bavarian priest and naturopathist (known for "Kneipp Cure" form of hydrotherapy), born in Stephansried, Germany (d. 1897)
May 21 John F Loudon, Dutch entrepreneur/colonial director
May 22 Alfred Sully, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (d. 1879)
May 25 Diederich Krug, German pianist and composer (Le petit Chevalier), born in Hamburg, Germany (d. 1821)
Jun 2 Ion Bratianu, (Lib), premier of Romania (1876-88)
Jun 4 Apollon Maykov, Russian poet, born in Moscow, Imperial Russia (d. 1897)
Jun 8 John Dunlap Stevenson, American attorney, politician, and Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Staunton, Virginia (d. 1897)
Jun 8 Samuel White Baker, English explorer (Ceylon & Egypt), born in London, England (d. 1893)
Jun 12 Henry Moses Judah, American Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Snow Hill, Maryland (d. 1866)
Jun 13 Albert, 4th duc de Broglie, Prime Minister of France (1873-74, 1977), born in Paris (d. 1901)
Jun 13 Gustavus Fox, U.S. Navy officer (Mexican–American War), born in Saugus, Massachusetts (d. 1883)
Jun 15 Nikolay Ivanovich Zaremba, composer
Jun 16 Old Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (British Open 1861-62, 64, 67), born in St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland (d. 1908)
Jun 26 Bartolomé Mitre [Martínez], Argentine general, author, statesman and President (1862-1868), born in Buenos Aires, Argentina (d. 1906)
Jun 27 August Conradi, German organist and composer, born in Berlin (d. 1873)
Charles Tupper
Jul 2 Charles Tupper, 6th Prime Minister of Canada (C: 69-day term), born in Amherst, Nova Scotia (d. 1915)
6th Prime Minister of Canada
Jul 6 Edward Pettus, American Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Athens, Alabama (d. 1907)
Jul 8 Jozef Lies, Flemish painter, born in Antwerp (d. 1865)
Jul 8 William Harvey Lamb Wallace, American Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Urbana, Ohio (d. 1862)
Jul 10 Christopher Columbus Augur, American Major General (Union Army), born in Kendall, New York (d. 1898)
Jul 12 Cesare Dominiceti, Italian composer, born in Desenzano del Garda, Italy (d. 1888)
Jul 12 Daniel Harvey Hill, Confederate General (American Civil War), born in York District, South Carolina (d. 1889)
Nathan Bedford Forrest
Jul 13 Nathan Bedford Forrest, American slave trader, Confederate lieutenant general and KKK Grand Wizard, born in Chapel Hill, Tennessee (d. 1877)
Confederate General and KKK Grand Wizard
Mary Baker Eddy
Jul 16 Mary Baker Eddy, American founder of Christian Science (Science & Health), born in Bow, New Hampshire (d. 1910)
Christian Science Founder
Jul 18 Pauline Viardot, French mezzo-soprano and composer, born in Paris (d. 1910)
Jul 21 Vasile Alecsandri, Romanian foreign minister, diplomat and poet, born in Bacau, Moldova (d. 1890)
Bill the Butcher
Jul 24 William Poole, American gang member (New York City's Bowery Boys), born in Sussex County, New Jersey (d. 1855)
Aug 4 James Springer White, American theologian (co-founder of the Seventh-day Adventist Church), born in Palmyra, Maine (d. 1881)
Aug 4 Louis Vuitton, French founder of the Louis Vuitton brand of leather goods now owned by LVMH, born in Anchay, France (d. 1892)
Luggage Maker
Aug 10 Jay Cooke, American financier (d. 1905)
Aug 14 Clement Hoffman "Rock" Stevens, Brigadier General (Confederate Army)
Aug 21 William Barksdale, American Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Smyrna, Tennessee (d. 1863)
Aug 24 Emanuele Muzio, Italian composer, born in Zibello, Italy (d. 1890)
Aug 29 Louis Laurent Gabriel de Mortillet, French anthropologist who was the first to organize and classify Stone Age cultures into a chronological sequence of epochs, born in Meylan, France (d. 1898)
Aug 30 Anita Garibaldi, Brazilian warrior; Garibaldi's wife (War of Tatters), born in Laguna, Santa Catarina, Brazil (d. 1849)
Aug 31 Vaclav Hugo Zavrtal, composer
Aug 31 Hermann von Helmholtz, German physician and physicist, born in Potsdam, Kingdom of Prussia (d. 1894)
Sep 8 Henry Baxter, American Brevet Major General (Union Army), born in Sidney, New York (d. 1873)
Sep 11 Erastus Flaval Beadle, American publisher (Beadle's Dime Novels), born in Oswego County, New York (d. 1894)
Sep 17 Charles Victor Arthur Saint-Leon, composer
Sep 24 Cyprian Norwid, Polish painter, poet and playwright (Wanda), born in Głuchy, Poland (d. 1883)
Sep 26 Alvin Peterson Hovey, American judge, 21st Governor of Indiana (1889-1891), andBrevet Major General (Union Army), born in Mount Vernon, Indiana (d. 1891)
Sep 27 Henri-Frédéric Amiel, Swiss writer (Grains de Mil), born in Geneva, Switzerland (d. 1881)
Sep 28 Jonathan Clarkson Gibbs, American politician (Secretary of State and Superintendent of Public Instruction of Florida) and Presbyterian minister, born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (d. 1874)
Oct 2 Alexander P. Stewart, American Lieutenant General (Confederate Army), born in Rogersville, Hawkins County, Tennessee (d. 1908)
Oct 7 Richard Heron Anderson, Lt Gen (Confederate Army), (d. 1879)
Oct 7 William Sill, with The Underground Railroad
Oct 11 Angelo Mariani, Italian composer, born in Ravenna, Italy (d. 1873)
Oct 11 George Williams, English philanthropist and founder of YMCA, born in Dulverton, West Somerset, England (d. 1905)
Founder of the YMCA
Oct 13 Rudolf Virchow, German politician, anthropologist and pathologist (cell pathology), born in Schivelbein, Prussia (d. 1902)
Anthropologist/Pathologist
Oct 16 Albert Franz Doppler, composer
Collis P. Huntington
Oct 22 Collis P. Huntington, American business tycoon and railroad executive (Central Pacific Railroad, Southern Pacific Railroad), born in Harwinton, Connecticut (d. 1900)
Oct 30 Cenobio Paniagua y Vasques, composer
Nov 2 Sir George Bowen, British provincial governor and 5th Governor of New Zealand (1868-73), born in Taughboyne, County Donegal, Ireland (d. 1899)
Nov 9 Jean-Baptiste Theodore Weckerlin, French composer, born in Alsace, Guebwiller (d. 1910)
Fyodor Dostoyevsky
Nov 11 Fyodor Dostoyevsky, Russian novelist (Crime and Punishment, The Dream of a Ridiculous Man) who helped shape literary modernism and existentialism, born in Moscow, Russian Empire (d. 1881)
Nov 23 Charles Meryon, British/French etcher
Nov 30 Gustavus Woodson Smith, Secy War (Confederacy), (d. 1896)
Nov 30 Frederick Temple, 95th Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1902)
Dec 2 Rufus Barringer, American Brigadier General (Confederate Army), born in Cabarrus County, North Carolina (d. 1895)
Dec 8 Josip Runjanin, Croatian Serb composer (Croatian National Anthem) and soldier, born in Vinkovci (d. 1878)
Dec 10 Nikolay Alekseyevich Nekrasov, Russian poet, writer and publisher (Russkije Zjenjshiny), born in Nemyriv, Russian Empire (d. 1877)
Dec 12 Gustave Flaubert, French novelist (Madame Bovary), born in Rouen, France (d. 1880)
Dec 15 Auguste Vaucorbeil, French composer, born in Rouen, France (d. 1884)
Dec 17 Frederick West Lander, American poet and Brigadier General (Union Army), born in Salem, Massachusetts (d. 1862)
Dec 19 Mary Ashton Livermore, American reformer/women's suffrage leader
Dec 22 Giovanni Bottesini, Italian Romantic composer, conductor and a double bass virtuoso, born in Crema, Lombardy (d. 1889)
Dec 25 Clara Barton, American nurse and founder of the American Red Cross, born in North Oxford, Massachusetts (d. 1912)
Pioneering Nurse and Humanitarian
Dec 27 Jane Wilde, Irish poet, nationalist and mother of Oscar Wilde, born in Wexford (d. 1896)
Famous Birthdays by Year

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
ACCEPTED

#### According to
Index Fungorum

#### Published in
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#### Original name
Exoascus alni de Bary

### Remarks
null

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Is any part of Australia below sea level?
How much of Australia is underwater?
Will Australia be underwater?
Are there any cities below sea level?
How much of Australia is flat?
Is Australia sinking into the ocean?
Is Australia above sea level?
Will Tasmania go underwater?
Is New Zealand sinking?
What will happen to Australia if sea levels rise?
Is Amsterdam below sea level?
Where in the USA is below sea level?
Is Australia bigger than USA?
Is Australia bigger than Europe?
What is the religion of Australia?
Australia is the smallest of the world's continents. … The highest point on the Australian mainland is Mount Kosciuszko, New South Wales, at 2228 metres above sea level. The lowest point is the dry bed of Lake Eyre, South Australia, which is 15 metres below sea level.
At the end of the last ice age, about 12,000 years ago, when glaciers melted and sea level rose, waters inundated one-third of Australia's habitable land.
The report predicts that by 2100, coastal sea levels may rise by 0.84m, swamping sea-side communities. … Griffith University researcher Aysin Dedekorkut-Howes said rising sea levels would trigger a major crisis along Australia's coast. Several coastal suburbs will be uninhabitable.
Baku is the capital of Azerbaijan and is the lowest national capital in the world, sitting at 92 feet below sea level. Not only is it the lowest national capital by elevation, but it's also the biggest city found at levels this low with a total population of just over 2 million people as of 2016.
INTERESTING: Question: Was Tasmania ever attached to Australia?
Overall characteristics. Australia is a land of vast plains. Only 6 percent of the island continent is above 2,000 feet (600 metres) in elevation. Its highest peak, Mount Kosciuszko, rises to only 7,310 feet (2,228 metres).
Recent measurements using the Global Positioning System (GPS) suggest that the Australian continent is sinking, but current understanding of geophysical processes suggests that the expected vertical motion of the plate should be close to zero or uplifting.
Australia is the lowest continent in the world with an average elevation of only 330 metres. The highest points on the other continents are all more than twice the height of Australia's highest peak, Mount Kosciuszko which is 2228 metres above sea level.
Is Tasmania going under (the sea)? Not quite yet, but sea levels are estimated to be rising 3 millimetres each year.
Parts of New Zealand are sinking at faster rates than others and rising faster, a scientist says. Analysis of the data shows that parts of New Zealand, like the North Island's east coast, have subsided by as much as 3mm a year for the past 15 years. …
In Australia the consequences of sea level rise will include increased flooding of low-lying coastal, including tidal, areas and are likely to result in coastal erosion, loss of beaches, and higher storm surges that will affect coastal communities, infrastructure, industries and the environment.
INTERESTING: Frequent question: How are houses measured in Australia?
The lake's surface is 430.5 metres (1,412 ft) below sea level, making its shores the lowest land-based elevation on Earth. It is 304 m (997 ft) deep, the deepest hypersaline lake in the world.
Surface elevation −430.5 m (−1,412 ft) (2016)
1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure.
1 Badwater Basin, Death Valley, California United States
2 Bombay Beach, California United States
3 Salton Sea Beach, California United States
4 Desert Shores, California United States
United States is about 1.3 times bigger than Australia.
Australia is approximately 7,741,220 sq km, while United States is approximately 9,833,517 sq km, making United States 27% larger than Australia. … We have positioned the outline of Australia near the middle of United States.
Australia's land mass is: almost as great as that of the United States of America. about 50 per cent greater than Europe, and. 32 times greater than the United Kingdom.
Australia's major religion is Christianity with the major denominations including Catholic, Anglican, Uniting Church, Presbyterian and Reformed, Eastern Orthodox, Baptist and Lutheran. The two major denominations, Anglican and Catholic, account for 36% of the Australian population.


text:
Фіруз-Кола-є Софла () — село в Ірані, у дегестані Дашт-е Сар, у бахші Дабудашт, шагрестані Амоль остану Мазендеран. За даними перепису 2006 року, його населення становило 841 особу, що проживали у складі 227 сімей.

Клімат
Середня річна температура становить 16,70°C, середня максимальна – 30,69°C, а середня мінімальна – 3,55°C. Середня річна кількість опадів – 836 мм.

Примітки

Населені пункти шагрестану Амоль

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Az 1880. év az irodalomban.

Megjelent új művek
Herman Bang dán író regénye: Haabløse Slægter (Reménytelen nemzedékek)
Fjodor Dosztojevszkij utolsó nagyszabású regénye: A Karamazov testvérek (Братья Карамазовы), 1879–1880, folytatásokban
Theodor Fontane német író regénye: L'Adultera (A házasságtörő nő); folytatásokban: 1879–1880, könyv alakban: 1882
Jens Peter Jacobsen dán író fő műve: Niels Lyhne, "a századvég Werthere, az elernyedt, fáradt szomorúság tökéletes kifejezője."
Alexander Kielland norvég író regénye: Garman og Worse (Garman és Worse)
Conrad Ferdinand Meyer híres novellája Thomas Becketről: Der Heilige (A szent)
Mihail Szaltikov-Scsedrin orosz író fő műve: A Galavljov család (Господа Головлёвы)
Giovanni Verga olasz író novelláskötete: Vita dei campi (A mezők élete), benne a Parasztbecsület (Cavalleria rusticana), melyből Mascagni készített operát
Jules Verne: A gőzház [Az Acélelefánt] (La Maison a vapeur)
Lewis Wallace Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ (Ben-Hur; Egy történet Krisztusról); a regényt többször megfilmesítették
Émile Zola: Nana
Les Soirées de Médan (Médani esték): a hat francia író egy-egy novelláját tartalmazó kötetben jelenik meg először Guy de Maupassant híres novellája, a Gömböc (Boule de Suif)

Költészet

Dráma
Victorien Sardou (Émile de Najac-kal közösen írt) vígjátéka: Váljunk el (Divorçons!)

Magyar nyelven
Arany Jánostól megjelenik
Arisztophanész összes vígjátékainak fordítása: Aristophanes vígjátékai (három kötet)
Tengeri-hántás című verse (Árvízkönyv, szerk. Szász Károly)
Gozsdu Elek regénye: Az arany hajú asszony
Madách Imre összes művei (három kötet). Az író több jelentős drámája, köztük A civilizátor és a Mózes kéziratban maradt és csak ebben a kiadásban látott először napvilágot
Csiky Gergely korabeli témájú színdarabjait nagy sikerrel mutatja be a Nemzeti Színház:
január – A proletárok, színmű négy felvonásban. Ezzel nálunk is megszületik az ún. társadalmi dráma műfaja. (Az 1950-es évek elején Ingyenélők, később Mákvirágok címen játszották a darabot.)
október – Mukányi, vígjáték négy felvonásban
Sophokles tragédiái, Csiky Gergely fordításában

Születések
 január 10. – Manuel Azaña nemzeti irodalmi díjas spanyol író, politikus († 1940)
 január 12. – Lengyel Menyhért író, publicista, színműíró, forgatókönyvíró († 1974)
 március 30. – Seán O'Casey ír drámaíró, memoárszerző († 1964)
 május 21. – Tudor Arghezi román költő, prózaíró, műfordító, publicista († 1967)
 június 10. – Kaffka Margit író, költő († 1918)
 június 17. – Carl Van Vechten amerikai író és fényképész († 1964)
augusztus 22. – Bíró Lajos író, forgatókönyvíró († 1948)
 augusztus 23. – Alekszandr Grin, a mágikus realizmus egyik első képviselője († 1932)
 augusztus 26. – Guillaume Apollinaire francia költő, író, kritikus († 1918)
 október 26. – Andrej Belij orosz író, költő, antropozófus, a szimbolizmus jelentős képviselője az orosz irodalomban († 1934)
 október 28. – Hatvany Lajos író, kritikus, lapszerkesztő, mecénás († 1961)
 november 5. – Mihail Sadoveanu román író, politikus  († 1961)
 november 6. – Robert Musil osztrák író, esszéíró, matematikus, filozófus és színikritikus († 1942)
 november 28. – Alekszandr Blok orosz költő, drámaíró, az orosz szimbolizmus meghatározó alkotója († 1921)

Halálozások
 március 25. – Ludmilla Assing német írónő (* 1827)
 május 8. – Gustave Flaubert francia író, a lélektani regény egyik legnagyobb mestere (* 1821)
 december 22.– George Eliot angol írónő (* 1819)

Jegyzetek

irodalom
Évek az irodalomban (19. század)


With Mubarak out of the door in Egypt, and Gadaffi's Libya threatening to erupt into civil war, the Muslim Brotherhood has been rubbing their hands together like a greedy union boss bargaining a tax payer funded pension plan.
Now as it stands, the Muslim Brotherhood is still banned within Egypt, but that has not stopped them from trying to form their own political party known as the "Freedom and Justice" party. It's a much better choice than the "Oppressive Sharia Law Enthusiast" party. As well, the "Freedom and Justice" party claims it will be completely independent from the Muslim Brotherhood. You have to watch that Brotherhood, they really know how to pull a fast one.
Along with their spiffy new party name, the Muslim Brotherhood has promised to go against its very favorite thing to do and that is attack Israel in any way. You can't ask an Islamic man to be friendly with a Jewish man (or especially woman), it's like putting a gazelle and a lion in the same room and saying "now you two deny everything you know and play nice". It should also be known that the Brotherhood has ties to Hamas, and many experts agree that they are one and the same.
– Called jihad an Islamic moral duty and said Muslims are permitted to kill Israeli women because they serve in the army.
– Affirmed his support for suicide bombings.
– Wished for the opportunity to kill a Jew before his death.
Despite the crystal clear need for Israeli blood the Muslim Brotherhood has kept a low profile and seeks to sneak its way into Egypt's political stage by assuring Egyptians that it wants nothing more than peace which is a hard stance to maintain when you have had a "kill everyone" twitch for the past thousand years.
Egypt was a close ally to Israel, and with its allies taking a much lighter approach to Iran these days, and the Muslim Brotherhood issuing fatwas for the Islamic peoples to rise up in Libya, (Fatwa- a legal pronouncement in Islam, issued by a religious law specialist on a specific issue.) it's not looking safe outside its boarders.
I think any right minded (and I use the word "right" politically) person would agree by now that the Islamic sect of the Muslim faith are out to kill us, both by publicly stating it, and carrying out terrorist acts such as stuffing a bomb down their underoos in the name of Allah. Despite all this, the left try to treat Islamic radicals like they don't exist and try to reassure anyone who will listen that there is no "bogyman" in the closet, and when something does inevitably happen the most they can come up with is "well it's your fault for being a hatemongering, fat, American".
If only we can get rid of that Tea Party, the terrorists will drop everything and it will all be rainbows and unicorn giggles.
Meanwhile, in the real world, Israel is fighting off a nearly all sides battle to keep terrorist organizations and their ilk from running wild. Since they are our only solid ally in the region it is very important that we help keep them afloat. They are on a face to face basis with their enemies, and between Hamas launching rockets into Israeli cities like it's a national past time, and Palestinians planning events such as "The Day of Rage" to stop Israeli settlements from being built on Israeli land, they have a hard enough time on their own.
They are the front line against our Middle Eastern enemies, and we should treat them as such. Any lasting peace in that region will come from a well armed, well defended Israel.
Should Israel fail and our influence in the middle east whither as a result, you would see a mass uniting of Middle Eastern states under Islamic rule which would then increase not only terrorist attacks against other countries such as the US and Britain, but also the much larger threat of a slide out of our own social structure due to severely increased Islamic influence brought about by what is known as a "Stealth Jihad".
This same report went on to put the Muslim Brotherhood as the number one player in pushing this agenda, and do not think that their waiting for a middle east takeover to start their agenda. They already work to bring about their stealth jihad through such organizations as the Council on American Islamic Relations (CAIR), the Muslim Student Association, and the Islamic Society of North America.
Through these organizations, and in time, they hope to bring about an acceptance of Sharia law to the United States which will, in the end, help bring about a worldwide Muslim state called a "Caliphate". You see, while their physical terrorist attacks cause fear, it is their long term goals that are much more frightening.
Well for one we can start calling things for what they really are. Calling a German Sheppard a Chihuahua doesn't negate the fact that it could rip your arm off and calling terrorism "man caused disasters" doesn't change the fact that a group of people were planning, are planning, and will further plan to kill you. Awareness is key in any battle, so put your ear to the ground and keep your eyes open.
We've seen from the Tea Party alone how well the American people can mobilize and work together when our way of life is threatened, and with a liberal government not supporting our Israeli allies without and the Muslim Brotherhood working from within, it's up to us to take a stand. Call them out and don't be afraid. Remember, they want us subjugated or dead, but that can only happen if we let them.
Elect leaders who don't cater to the global opinion. It's as simple as that. We need strong supporters of Israel and people who aren't afraid to take a stand against our enemies. Our current administration seeks to tip toe around the subject, and ignoring a problem has never ever solved it.
Finally we need to increase our understanding. Not all Muslims believe as the radicals do, and in fact some outright condemn it. These people in particular need to be supported if we are to exemplify the values of the United States and stand solidly against the Sharia agenda.
Very well said. There cannot be peace in the MIdde East without the threat of destruction by the US and Israel.
Excellant articles. If people would take a few minutes and read up on some of these issues they will realize that we have enemies and they will lie, cheat, and steal to take this Country down. The only way this country will fall is from the inside, so folks lets pay attention or we will be the last generation of this great Republic.


Princes Street is the main shopping street in Edinburgh's city centre, not to be confused with the High Street in the Old Town. It runs East West with extensive green space of Princes Street Gardens to the North and the Georgian New Town to the South.
The West End of Princes Street runs directly under Edinburgh Castle, making it an ideal place to view the festival fireworks concert the finale to the Edinburgh Festival and Hogmanay.
Mid-way along Princes Street, at the foot of the Mound, is the National Galleries, with their distinctive corinthian columns.
Most of the stores on Princes Street are department and chain stores, which has led for calls for the street to be enhanced.
There are good views along Princes Street from Calton Hill.


In South Africa the Christmas garden flower – what is picked in great bundles to arrange around the baby in a manger in our churches – is Agapanthus. Somewhat looked down on as commonorgarden, easy maintenance around office buildings. I love that colour and that the stalks stand high and Proudly South African. My version of the blue globes of Allium flowerheads.
December's memories of foreign exotic commonorgarden flowers. November was the rose's month of glory, but today the next buds are unfurling in waves. Yesterday was overcast and it almost rained, about half a millimetre. Kind weather for the rose petals – which are not doing their usual – It's summer! If you don't pick us and bring us in out of the sun, we'll just shrizzle up to toasted hasbeens!!
I have gathered and sorted pictures of the roses from the end of October to today. From bud to glory to 'the last rose of summer' as the next buds develop. Four of these roses we inherited. As we laid out our new garden they were stranded half way down the driveway. Against a new concrete panel wall, they faced into the full force of the afternoon sun. My two legs of the grey watering system whined louder and louder. He extended the two beds between the garage and the front door, making space for these roses. Not so far to walk, and they make a gracious welcome home. Now they have recovered from transplanting, we can see what we have. Some beauties, mostly nameless!
Gail at Clay and Limestone's Wildflower Wednesday is usually my chance to walk around the garden – collecting what is blooming to attention. But they must be indigenous, native to South Africa. As I did last November. Today our wild iris Dietes will monopolise this WFW. It began life as part of my free seed allocation for members of the Botanical Society based at Kirstenbosch. Now it is SANBI South African National Biodiversity Institute which hosts the PlantZAfrica site I like to use. Biodiversity e.g. barn swallow migration and climate change.
Dietes grandiflora has that American habit known as walking onions.
I love striped roses, inspired by Rosa mundi. Spring Promise is PINK. Chaim Soutine striped in shocking pink and white.
The Ungardener returned to Driehoek in October, still hoping to help trap Spot, the Cape mountain leopard.
While Dr Quinton Martins of the Cape Leopard Trust has traps set, he needs help monitoring 24/7. That is where the Ungardener comes in, as a volunteer.
Tea in Paradise with Summer Gold to my right, and to my left (I'm sinister) Autumn Fire. When we built the house I wanted a walled rose garden, face brick to match the house. The most visible of the four beds (when you look out the window, step off the verandah, or walk down the path into Paradise and Roses), I'm grateful that it is the one among the four that works best!
This bed was planted in September 2007.
Turn away from Winter Chill, and gaze at Summer Gold, where the sun shines down and we battle with overexposed photos. The first hot summer breeze turns my mind to lowering the blinds.
I want the foliage to support the colour theme and provide texture and interest. Even flowers, regardless of whether the roses are game, or out for the count. I choose first, indigenous, adapted to hot summer, wet winter, clay soil.
November is rose month. Prompted by Ludwig's Roses Newsletter, I fed them. Puttering around the Paradise and Roses garden dead-heading, I harvest for vases. Imaginary tabletop in mind, I prune the stalks down to the new low. Cut out the extra fork, so the remaining bud can flourish.
I chose to add a lot of indigenous plants. Winter Chill with pale and white roses, has suffered from my enthusiasm. Only two roses have survived competition with vigorous neighbours, who claim their food and drink. I do I do cut back the Dusty Miller hedge. Quite hard so it looks scraggly. Just weeks later we are back to the battle of – but, I'd like you to be knee high!
Join me at Gail of Clay and Limestone's Wildflower Wednesday meme?
Click thru to see what she would like from you.
Photos were taken yesterday in my garden.
Some of the bulbs have faded and those pictures are from earlier this month.
Sole survivor of my attempt at fynbos is this little pink berry heath Erica baccans.
Imagine you are hiking in the Cederberg. Ahead of you is a red flag.
As you get closer, you read about Cape Leopards.
I did try for the long view, instead of the pretty flowers. When we look at A Flower, the camera and I are mostly on the same page. The long view leaves me befuddled. Why doesn't the &%$#ing camera see what I see? Overexposed, or focused on a plane the human eye doesn't notice. The wrong edge of the wrong petal, of the wrong blooming flower!
Walking down the driveway as you turn to the front door the edge of the gravel has a bunker of nasturtiums. The summer sun starts to bite, and later will shrizzle the leaves, leaving the seed to wait for March, coolth, and the first rain. But for now we have thousands of flowers.
In the pond are frogs and tadpoles the size of my thumb.
I was early for Gail's Wildflower-Wednesday. Last week the flowers were foreign, today they are Proudly South African. Perhaps the spirit of WFW is more about the wildflowers that would grow in my garden, if nature decided. Yellow Oxalis. White rain daisies on otherwise bare earth. In the damp hollows Melianthus and arum lilies. Where the winter rain leaves a few inches of standing water, vlei lilies.
Most of my bulbs were grown from seed. Fairy bells of Melasphaerula. White Babiana inherited from the previous gardener. Vlei lilies, seed didn't work, so I bought bulbs with delight, when I found them. Arum lily snuck in with a Strelitzia. Freesia alba once from seed, now self-sown. Dietes some inherited, some from seed, some as bulbs – but somehow, they are all the same species.
For Gesine in Berlin – I collect the foreign, exotic, commonorgarden.
The starring role in the garden now, is a rowing-boat sized white daisy bush. I know where it comes from; the gardener at my mother's retirement village was ripping out wheelbarrows of the stuff. New gardener's eyes light up, and I brought a bit home. It sulks in summer – does an Estherism – not sure if it wants to go on growing. So I put it on life support, water steadily thru the summer, feed a little in desperation. Once the rain came, I turned away for a moment – and the blooming thing is as wide and high as I am tall. Green fernish feathered leaves. Large white daisies on long stems, ideal for picking. But only once, the flowers smell evil. Anyone know what it is? A Shasta daisy? I know, despite the huge variety of South African daisies, it isn't one of ours.
Since we moved to Porterville the Ungardener has hoped that one day, hiking up in the Groot Winterhoek Wilderness Area, we would see Cape leopards. In the newsletter from the Cape Leopard Trust they recently asked for volunteers. He spent a week at Driehoek in the Cederberg, which flow on from our Groot Winterhoek mountains.
Leopards and other predators are a problem for stock farmers. They were hunted and trapped. At Driehoek is an Anatolian shepherd dog. Himself was dozing in his chair, when something leapt on his stomach. He woke up thinking leopard!
Walking with me, the Ungardener is limited to about two hours. With FREQUENT stops for yet another flower. And I me myself, like to walk, on the level, on the jeep track, so I can look at bugs and flowers. He would like to go further, along the river, a full day hike. Andre our Computer Man had never been up to the Wilderness Area. Last Monday, Computer Man and Ungardener hiked towards De Tronk along the river, returning via a very steep uphill slog on my jeep track.
We have the long promised rain. Most of these pictures were taken on Sunday, ahead of the – promising snow on the mountains – cold front. All are in our garden, this August. Were you with me, for August daisy chain walk last year?
Last Friday I picked out the raisins. To share that, sometimes overwhelming feeling amongst the diversity in fynbos. Every which way you turn, at a second glance, that is so too, a different species. Today I'm caught in the first impression. The Who Needs ho hum flowers, if your fresh 'spring' leaves are this flamboyant??
Depending on the season, what you notice as you cross the invisible line from whatever to fynbos – is clumps of restios. Their form quite distinctly revealing that invisible boundary. Time it right and what you are hit with – is bushes – flaming in lime gold and neon burgundy. In the Groot Winterhoek Wilderness Area. Up on the mountain we look out at from our garden.
Today I choose to bring the foreign exotic commonorgarden flowers. Around the 25th will be the wildflowers growing in my garden.
What is most visible now, more so since the pecan is down, is the Japanese flowering quince. A flaming coral torch that takes my breath away, as it startles me, every time I see it.
Became a book title for Chinua Achebe. From a poem by William Butler Yeats. On Tuesday I needed to get images of London Is Burning out of my mind. From 6-things-bloggers-can-learn-from-dr-seuss. I'm too old to have read Dr Seuss as a child, and childless, so I missed his books both ways. A really good, classic, quotable 'child's' book – is not childish. It crystallises wisdom down to its simple essence, to truth.
Long lived the pecan. Forty years, five with us. This tree was always too big, reaching its great arms into our view of the Olifantsberg ridge. I had always wanted it cut back, feathered, so the line between earth and sky was unbroken. Five years pass. Looking at Nell Jean's fallen pecan makes me nervous. They do have a bad habit of discarding HUGE dead branches, and there are many telephone lines in the flight path.
Fact is stranger than fiction. Beautiful mediterranean winter day here. Blue sky and the cat sitting in my shade. We are in the eye of the storm. The country around us has rain. And snow!! The national road between Cape Town and Johannesburg was closed by snow, and so was the second route. Meanwhile our Swartland wheat farmers wait for rain. We've had no rain since the 2nd of July, and this should be a heavy winter rain month.
Last Saturday we went across-our-valley-to-Riebeek, to a new nursery. I will show the plants as they find their new homes in our garden. First the Ifafa lilies. Two bags filled with LOTS of bulbs, so I split them gently. Planted four clumps 'under' our baby lime tree. Now I sit on my little chair like Charlie Brown – to watch them grow into an Elizabethan ruff of singing-canary yellow!
We travelled the dirt road across the wide valley to the twin towns of Riebeek Kasteel and Riebeek West. Once upon a time there was a heated argument – where shall we build the church? They built two, and today the towns flow together.
It is the season for waterblommetjies. Aponogeton distachyos. Literally 'small water flowers'. Cooked it becomes the traditional waterblommetjiebredie. (I recently read about translating bredie, not 'stew' as in getting in a stew, but slowcooked and mellow, a casserole). Oh and we discovered the blooming flowers smell glorious. Left to nature, every tiny pond formed by winter rain is now filled with a sheet of these raised spikes of chunky flowers.
We live in a mediterranean climate 33 degrees South.
The Ungardener loves Ungardening, pottering, DIY projects. If not a new one, then tweak the old.
Winter interest? Seriously? We are not tropical, with NO winter. We are temperate, we do have seasons. But we are mediterranean, in the valley there is no frost or snow in the garden. So the garden stays green, with flowers, year round.
A New gardener, with James. We are learning summer New gardening. Coming round to letting the plants rest when it is hot and dry, instead of frantically and despairingly battling with life support. The seeds and bulbs wait, the shrubs and trees furl their leaves. Our garden year begins in March, cooler, some rain, March lilies. Garden!
Try again, winter interest. Early in the morning the garden is spangled with dew. On a sunny day like today, and many winter days are sunny, the dew burns off as the sun climbs the sky. The cats who observe work in their garden, find a gardener's shadow, no reason why we should BOTH be hot and bothered!
There are no fairies at the bottom of our garden. Perhaps a solitary fynbos fairy?
When I reread Tuesday's poem, I found japonica and bees. Fitting in to my post for Wildflower Wednesday in Pollinator Week. Today's plants are all indigenous to South Africa in the spirit of Gail at Clay and Limestone's meme, EXCEPT the Japanese flowering quince and the fig and ash trees.
Listen to Henry Reed himself reading his poem, with Frank Duncan (as the lecturer). How strangely wonderful is modern technology! This is from a BBC broadcast in 1966. Text found at solearabiantree.
LAST June, today is winter, grey wet and cold.
Anne Perry's quintet was written around the First World War. I have just finished the fourth book – At some disputed barricade. A poem we learnt at school was Henry Reed's 1942 'Naming of Parts'. I have always been fascinated by the fact that widgets and gizmos and thingamajigs do have precise and particular names, if that is what you work with.
Dani is moving to the farm, but that farm needs a name! Like pub signs, as you drive across country, South African farms have intriguing names, that could and do tell a story. Just outside Porterville is a dairy farm, called Gelukwaarts. The waarts bit is obvious – forward – This Way! For Geluk you need Dutch or German (and they got it from the English luck!). Happiness. Imagine driving along, heading for home, and turning where the sign says – This Way to Happiness!
The Western Cape on a good winter day. Not one of the cold wet grey days. But one of the lovely blue sky sunny days, walking thru our garden in June. Jeans and T-shirt midday.
Red aloes … on our Karoo koppie. That says winter to any homesick South African.
On a perfect day. Blue sky. A fresh breeze, not cold. Just you and I here, walking. No sound, but the sand crunching under our boots. If we pause … we can hear the heritage of world murmuring past our ears.
I was very wary of what we would find, after eighteen months of roadworks. Oh! Tarred road! And a gate. But, new signs. A World Heritage Site, and for the hours we walked, we were quite alone.
If you were in London. At the Chelsea Flower Show and the Kirstenbosch exhibit. You could see our renosterbos, and the halfmens on the Richtersveld side. 'The Pachypodium namaquamum on loan, will be returned to the Karoo Desert National Botanical garden, after the show'. Looking at the fynbos side, those proteas were growing on our mountain when we went up on the 12th of May.
Mid-month garden walks were going to be about commonorgarden foreign exotic plants. On Friday I will return to the next quarter of the Paradise And Roses garden. Lots of colour in the garden now, and it delights me that it is all indigenous/native. Except Salvia greggei and our sunbirds love that.
I've walked you round our garden before.
My sense of wonder is intact, as a flourishing great and ancient tree in a natural forest. Remember we recently relined the pond? The liner is tar based, can be cleaned off with water, while it is still wet. The empty cans were set aside in the garden. When I walked past the other day something Deep Middle said made me pause, and look. Bees. Harvesting tar, and packing it into their saddlebags, where nice fluffy yellow pollen should be.
Is that weird or what?? So I trawled the internet, and found a forum. Bees do collect tar – 'but I've never seen it'. Ha – old wives tales and urban legends. Says the Ungardener maybe they need some glue? I sneer what – for their DIY projects?!
I love grey foliage. My Dusty Millers, now in need of rejuvenation. Take cuttings and make silver fountains again, instead of the broken golden limbs. The lamb's ears, a beautiful idea, but they too are withered and gone. Will spread the Santolina instead. They are both commonorgarden foreigners. Grey foliage is more striking when it is a treeful.
The second grey tree is Brachylaena discolor growing in our new False Bay garden.
Mid-month I aim to cover exotic, alien, commonorgarden plants blooming in our garden. Especially the roses. Yes, well. It has been a long hot summer, about 10 weeks with no rain. And each time I look, another plant has waved goodbye. Apparently the roses have thrips, tiny creatures who come from the hot dry Out There to lovely luscious, fed and watered, yummy roses. Today I fed the roses and watered them to encourage the autumn flush, which should be their best time of year. There are buds, both flowers, and leaves coming up from the base. We'll see. If this autumn weather holds kind, and does not hammer us with an unseasonal heat wave, as it did last year. Then, we lost many of our optimistic newly planted olive trees.
March lilies are Proudly South African.
When the Ungardener is Ungardening on the roof – you know, leaves out of the gutters, resealing the chimney. So you walk down the driveway past the olives, and our greener neighbours, around the curved wall of the rose garden, which I call Paradise. Perhaps I should call it the And Roses garden.
In May we walked together in hopeful optimism round our pond. By June you can see winter rain falling, and filling the pond, but, to our mounting despair, you can also see a tideline on the beach. He looks at me sadly and says we keep topping up, it's winter, can't be evaporation. There must be a leak!
When I woke there was autumn's morning mist, burnt off a few hours later. The summer is still hot, but mid thirties rather than pushing 40 C. This year I will be using Gail at ClayandLimestone's Wildflower-Wednesday meme for indigenous/native/wild flowers blooming this month in our garden. For me that means indigenous to South Africa, and working on avoiding the summer rainfall plants from the far side of our country. The ones that hang their heads and whisper, it is h o t here … and need as much watering in summer as any commonorgarden exotic foreign plant! Somewhat intimidated by Californian discussions about planting the right cultivar for My Watershed. In this First/Third world country … I'd be certified insane if I asked the nursery, but is it from Porterville, adapted to the Swartland summer?
Mid-month I will round up the exotics, especially the roses, which are beginning to sprout for their autumn flush. What is most visible in the garden now is blue. Blue sage and Plumbago in drifts.
Macros enchant me, because the camera and I agree on what we are looking at. This year I will do the indigenous=native with Gail at clayandlimestone for her Wildflower Wednesday. Remember the 23rd February if you follow this meme. And the commonorgarden=exotic=alien will be in these mid-month walks. Roses, kitchen herbs, fruit trees, inherited plants, zone denial, and I just couldn't resist that!
I started last Christmas, to record what is blooming in my garden each month. Not an exhaustive record. More a strolling around the garden, what catches my eye. As a garden resolution for this year, I'll join Gail at Clay and Limestone for her Wildflower Wednesday, and this year I will only record indigenous/South African flowers. (Leaving the roses and other exotics to shine on my mid-month garden walk).
This January has been perhaps not as hot as usual, but it is as dry as usual. The level in the town dam is sinking to muddy summer water. The garden shows itself in summer's drab greens and browns. I need to take Town Mouse's advice and cut back perennials and shrubs hard this autumn, so we will get fresh green.
Checking where, which site, my blog visitors came from, I fell over gimcw??? Gardening in mediterranean climates worldwide. They have added me to the gimcw list of blogs. One of my earliest comments was from a Spaniard – ho ho ho a Mediterranean garden way down South at the bottom of Africa! So yes, thank you, for a lower-case-mediterranean!
For years, ever since it was just an idea, I have wanted to visit the Eden Project in Cornwall. Was fascinating to see mediterranean plants from around the world gathered together, where I could see the actual growing plants. Not just a dry list of names, nor even frozen pictures. There I learnt that my lemon verbena comes from South America. Mexican born Fer in Japan (currently hosting a blog carnival) has promised to find us some good South and Central American garden blogs. Company for our lemon verbena, granadilla (South American, that's why I can't spell it) and guava.
We have planted Melianthus in our new False Bay garden. Waiting for the sunbirds to find it.
Return to October November last year. There were young sunbirds. We have two obvious sorts. The large green ones are the malachite sunbirds. Striking for two reasons. First they are twice as big, 24 cm, as their smaller 12-14 cm cousins. Then they go for the shimmering malachite green all over.