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'The Batman' Review
Marissa Joyce
**Warning: Potential Spoilers Ahead!**
Following its recent Mar. 4 release, Director Matt Reeves' "The Batman" was met with immediate critical and commercial success. The film currently holds a fresh 85% on Rotten Tomatoes and an impressive audience score of 89%. It is also only the second pandemic blockbuster to pass the $100 million mark opening weekend, racking in a steller $128.5 million.
The escapades of the Caped Crusader have been reimagined on film countless times over the years. Prior to "The Batman," the titular character had already led ten live-action films. It begs the question of what a 2022 rendition could possibly add to the vigilante's long-established story?
Refreshingly, Matt Reeves' "Batman" relishes in its novelty. The film reimagines a Gotham City that is made gritter and more grounded in reality. And yet, the film is still built on the foundation of its source material. For example, the Penguin's igloo-like Iceberg Lounge is reconceptualized as a disreputable nightclub and the often campy Batman foe, the Riddler, is transformed from a riddle-loving rogue to a truly terrifying adversary.
But perhaps the greatest assessment of the film's distinctiveness as a Batman film lies in its portrayal of Bruce Wayne (Robert Pattinson) himself. "The Batman" portrays the billionaire vigilante in an entirely new light. Abandoning the classic hero's origin story, the film picks up in the midst of Wayne's time as the Batman and sees him as a true recluse.
Instead of the playboy Bruce Waynes of old, Pattinson's portrayal meanders in his gothic mansion, wears dark eyeliner, and listens to Nirvana. Although these changes might seem amusing at first, Pattinson's edgier idiosyncrasies ultimately make perfect sense for this imagining of Bruce. After all, it is even stated in the film that Bruce sees Batman as his true self and his persona as the public figure of Bruce Wayne as his mask. This is a fascinating angle for the film to explore and it allows for an even greater character arc when Bruce must reconcile with how his vigilante ambitions to rid Gotham of corruption eerily mirror the more deranged actions of the Riddler (Paul Dano).
"The Batman" ventures into new territory stylistically as well. The three-hour film is a true cinematic experience, with its shadowy cinematography, memorable cast performances, and a truly stunning score by Michael Giacchino. "The Batman" also returns the hero to his role as "The World's Best Detective," as the film is ultimately more crime-thriller than your classic superhero blockbuster. At the center of the mystery is Paul Dano's Riddler, whose deranged cryptic riddles force Bruce and Commissioner Gordon (Jeffrey Wright) to unravel the vast corruption of Gotham's public figures. "The Batman" truly pushes its PG-13 rating at several points, especially in regard to its grittiness and the Riddler's more sinister actions.
However, "The Batman's" ability to ground the often campy Riddler in a film as dark as this one is commendable. Paul Dano crafts a villain who is truly terrifying and whose crimes against Gotham nearly rival that of "The Dark Knight's" Joker. However, "The Batman's" Riddler feels almost a little too removed from his character's source material. With this darker imagining of the character, his beloved campiness and even his classic catchphrase, "riddle me this?" are entirely lost. In this sense, he almost becomes an entirely new character, with only the riddles and his green costume to distinguish him.
Nevertheless, the characters from the Batman Rogues Gallery remain one of the film's highlights. While Dano's Riddler is the film's primary antagonist, Zoë Kravitz and Colin Farrell both give commendable performances as Catwoman and the Penguin. Despite the film being close to three hours long, it still feels as if there is ample room to further explore with Kravitz's Catwoman and Farrell's Penguin. Especially in regard to the palpable chemistry and budding relationship between this version of Batman and Catwoman.
"The Batman" is a film that is bound to stick with you, even days after viewing it. It is a rare cinematic treat in the midst of a modern hunger for the more formulaic superhero blockbusters.
However, it doesn't seem that three hours is enough time to conclude "The Batman's" story. In addition to the film's open-ended ending and its brief tease of Barry Keoghan's upcoming Joker, several spin-off projects have already been announced. A series centering around Farrell's Penguin and a second series focusing on Arkham Asylum are both intended to stream on HBO Max.
"The Batman" is currently in theaters and is set to stream on HBO Max Apr. 18.
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Marissa is currently a senior at George Mason University and serves as Senior Editor of George Mason's Her Campus chapter. At Mason, she is pursuing a double major in English and Communication. When Marissa isn't writing articles, she can be found over-caffeinated, tackling her extensive library of books, or curating her vinyl record collection.
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text:
"Prawo Jazdy" var en formodet polsk statsborger, som blev opført af Irlands politistyrke Garda Síochána (kaldet Gardaí) i en politidatabase for at have begået mere end 50 trafikovertrædelser i Irland. Et memorandum fra 2007 sagde at en undersøgelse havde kommet frem til at  betyder "kørekort" på polsk, og at betjente havde fejlagtigt antaget at udtrykket, som er trykt på polske kørekort, var et personnavn når de udstedte trafikbøder.

Optagelse i database over kriminelle
"Prawo Jazdy" var antaget at være en polsk kriminel, der var aktiv i Irland. Navnet blev registreret på PULSE, et computersystem, der blev brugt af Gardaí, med mindst 50 trafikforseelser, såsom fartovertrædelser og ulovlige parkeringer, registreret over hele landet, men der var mistænkelige aspekter, såsom at hver hændelse var registret med en ny adresse. "Prawo Jazdy" blev også opført som et navn i Fixed Charge Processing System (FCPS). Der blev iværksat en undersøgelse af personen som Gardaí anså for at være Irlands værste trafiksynder.

Memorandum
Et internt Gardaí-memorandum fra juni 2007 kom frem til, efter opslag i en online polsk-engelsk ordbog, at  var ikke et personnavn, men i stedet den polske betegnelse for 'kørekort', og fejlidentificeret af Gardaí-betjentene som trafiksynderens navn på grund af at udtrykket er trykt i øverste højre hjørne af polske kørekort (mens kørekortindehaverens navn og personlige oplysninger er trykt nedenunder i en mindre skriftstørrelse). Fejlen blev offentlig kendt i februar 2009.

Efterspil
Gardaí modtog den satiriske Ig Nobelpris i litteratur i 2009 for fejlen, men deltog ikke i prisoverrækkelsen. Prisen blev overrakt til Karolina Lewestam, en polsk statsborger, der havde fået en trafikbøde i Irland.

Episoden blev en kilde til forlegenhed for Gardaí. Det skabte diskussion om emner som kulturel uvidenhed eller institutionel racisme i Gardaí som et resultat af ændret etnisk demografi i Irland på grund af immigration fra andre EU-medlemslande.

Referencer

Fiktive skurke
Irland

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Father, Son and Spirit I seek full fellowship with you so I can draw others into your fellowship.
"Yes, I obey the Sabbath and go to the synagogue.
John forcefully rejected that claim and said their proof of their faith is not in their heritage or religion, it is in their fruit. John's words are directed towards us as well, as that is what we rely on as well.
If we are asked to prove our faith, if someone asks us if we are a Christian, what do we answer? We get on the treadmill of religion and tradition. In our response we say, "Yes, I attend __________________ church every Sunday. (Fill in the blank with your church name.).
Yet where is the fruit in this? When most of us have enough cloths in our closets to cloth the average African village. When we have more food in our fridge, freezer, and pantries than many around the world will see in a month. When we have empty guest bedrooms while our brothers and sisters are sleeping on the streets in the cold. John's response to us would be, "You brood of vipers and hypocrites, you know the axe is set at your feet to cut down lives that don't bear fruit.
My family, I pray this morning you read John's words above and as the crowds that heard them, ask God in prayer, "What then should I do?" In Jesus' name. Please pray the same for me. God bless you my friends!
This Thanksgiving, I could use your financial support for One Direction Community, my family, and those on the margins God has placed in my path I refuse to walk around. Please partner and support me through setting up a monthly donation or a one –time gift by clicking the link below. Donation checks can be made out to ODC, PO Box 1293 Madison, Al 35758.


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text:
Leaked report reveals Thai military responsible for protesters' deaths
Separate report concludes Thai army also responsible for death of Reuters cameraman
Mark Tran
@marktran
Fri 10 Dec 2010 09.29 EST First published on Fri 10 Dec 2010 09.29 EST
Demonstrators take to the streets of Bangkok during a protest rally. Photograph: David Longstreath/AP
Thai soldiers were responsible for the deaths of three people at a Bangkok Buddhist temple during demonstrations in May, leaked government documents revealed today.
The preliminary investigation, seen by Reuters, concluded that Thai special forces on an elevated railway track fired into the grounds of a temple where several thousand protesters had taken refuge on 19 May. A separate leaked report concluded that the bullet that killed a Reuters cameraman in protests the following month was also probably fired by a Thai soldier.
The findings of the investigation flatly contradict statements by the Thai military, which has denied soldiers were responsible for the temple deaths.
The report from Thailand's department of special investigation (DSI) said there was not enough evidence to determine who was responsible for three further deaths in the temple, but said all six victims were hit by high velocity bullets.
"There is a reasonable amount of facts, evidence and witness accounts to believe that [three] deaths resulted from security officials' actions on duty," Reuters quoted investigators as saying. The report recommended that police investigate the deaths further.
At the time of the protests, Amnesty International condemned the use of live ammunition against demonstrators. Benjamin Zawacki, Amnesty's Thailand researcher, spoke of eyewitness accounts and video recordings showing the military firing live rounds at unarmed people.
Wat Pathum Wanaram, a Buddhist temple, had been designated a safe zone for women, children, the elderly and the infirm. Thousands fled there when the military used force to disperse protesters occupying a nearby commercial district.
According to the DSI's investigation, witnesses reported scenes of chaos outside the temple as gunshots rang out and civilians fled a shopping area. One witness said he saw soldiers firing from the raised train track into a medical tent inside the compound, where two nurses treating wounded civilians were killed. In total, 91 people were killed and at least 1,800 were wounded during the unrest in April and May. More than 30 buildings were set on fire in the worst political violence in modern Thai history. The Thai prime minister, Abhisit Vejjajiva, blamed armed elements among the protesters for the temple deaths.
Another DSI report, into the death of Reuters cameraman Hiro Muramoto, quoted a witness as saying that Muramoto collapsed as gunfire flashed from the direction of soldiers. Muramoto, a 43-year-old Japanese citizen based in Tokyo, was killed by a high velocity bullet wound to the chest while covering protests in Bangkok's old quarter.
"There is a reasonable amount of facts and evidence to believe that the death of Hiro was due to an act of the security forces who said they were acting according to official duty," the DSI report said, recommending police investigate the case further. Thailand's government has not yet publicly released the report into his death despite intense diplomatic pressure from Japan.
The leaks came amid reports that the centre for the resolution of emergency situations (CRES), an ad hoc civilian-military body, will recommend a lifting of the state of emergency that came into force in April, as it believes that the political situation has returned to normal.
The US group Human Rights Watch said last month that the Thai authorities were using emergency powers to violate fundamental rights and obstruct efforts to bring abusers to justice after the clashes. It said under the state of emergency, the authorities had detained suspects without charge for extended periods, using unofficial detention facilities with inadequate safeguards against possible abuse, and had imposed widespread censorship. In addition, officials in effect have immunity from prosecution for most acts committed under the decree.
The protests began in March when the United Front for Democracy against Dictatorship, known as the redshirts, took to the streets calling for the dissolution of parliament and new elections. Many of them back the former Thai prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra, who was deposed in a 2006 coup and is currently in voluntary exile. Shinawatra has called for an international investigation into the violence, including the deaths at the temple.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Jinhyun Jeon, a graduate of the Design Academy Eindhoven in the Netherlands, made Sensorial cutlery as Sensorial Stimuli as part of her MA thesis about the relationship between food and the senses.
Can the shape, texture and colour of cutlery change the way food tastes? That's the main question behind this set of knobbly, bulbous and serrated cutlery to stimulate diners' full range of senses at the table.
The project was inspired by the phenomenon of synesthesia, a neurological condition in which stimuli like taste, colour and hearing are affected and triggered by each other. People with synesthesia often report seeing a certain colour when they hear a particular word, for example.
To find out whether this "sensory cross-wiring" could be encouraged and used to enhance taste, Jeon created cutlery based on five sensory elements: colour, tactility, temperature, volume and weight, and form.
The ceramic pieces shown here explore the effects of colour, with various coloured glazes defining the tips of each implement. Warm colours such as red and orange are supposed to increase appetite, says Jeon, and are most effective when used sparingly.
Other pieces are made from stainless steel, silver or plastic, and the various textures and shapes are intended to stimulate the sense of touch inside the mouth.
A return to primal and intense experiences is brewing in the world of art and design. It is clear that we are searching for multi-sensory and experiential stimuli which give us something all-encompassing and rich, rather than the mundane tasks of our daily lives. The rise of synaesthetic projects is evidence of this desire.
See also Contemporary tableware by Suite one Studio HERE!


text:
دفعہ نمبر146: ٹیکس
زمرہ: اقتصادی نظام ( 123-169 )
دفعہ نمبر146: مسلمانوں سے وہ ٹیکس وصول کیا جائے گا جس کی شرع نے اجازت دی ہے اور جتنا بیت المال کے اخراجات کو پورا کرنے کے لیے کافی ہو۔ شرط یہ ہے کہ یہ ٹیکس اس مال پر وصول کیا جائے گا جو صاحبِ مال کے پاس معروف طریقے سے اپنی ضروریات کو پورا کرنے کے بعد زائد ہواور یہ ٹیکس ریاست کی ضروریات کو پورا کرنے کے لیے کافی بھی ہو۔
Article 146:Muslims pay the taxes that the Shari'ah has permitted to be levied upon them in order to cover the expenditure of the Bayt Al-Mal, on the condition that it is levied on that which is surplus to the individual's needs according to what is normal, and has to be sufficient to cover the needs of the State.
This article includes three issues: firstly, the payment of taxes; secondly, that these taxes are not taken unless it is surplus wealth to personal needs according to the norms; thirdly, they are only taken as required to fulfil the needs of the Bayt Al-Mal and not beyond that.
As for the first issue, the word: "tax" is a Western term, which means what the authority imposes upon the subjects in order to manage their affairs. The question is: Is it permitted for the Islamic State to impose taxes upon the Muslims in order to administer their affairs? The answer to this is that the Shari'ah defined the income of the Bayt Al-Mal and fixed this income to administer the affairs of the subjects, and did not legislate taxes in order to administer their affairs. Additionally, the Prophet used to administer the affairs of the subjects using these incomes, and it is not confirmed that he imposed a tax upon the people, and that has not been reported from him at all. When he learnt that the people on the borders of the State were taking taxes upon the goods that were entering the land, he forbade them from doing so; it is reported from 'Uqbah Bin Aamir that he heard the Messenger of Allah say:
«لا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ صَاحِبُ مَكْسٍ»
"One who wrongfully takes an extra tax (sahib maks) will not enter Paradise." (reported by Ahmad and authenticated by Al-Zayn and Al-Hakim), and Abu Khayr heard from Ruwayfi' b. Thabit who said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah say:
«إِنَّ صَاحِبَ الْمَكْسِ فِي النَّارِ»
"One in charge of imposing extra tax is in Hellfire"" reported by Abu 'Ubayd in Al-Amwal, and it was reported by Ahmad and authenticated by Al-Zayn. And he said: "It means Al-'Ashir", and Al-'Ashir is the one who takes a tenth from the foreign trade. This indicates the forbiddance of imposing taxes according to the Western meaning of the word. The Messenger said in an agreed upon narration from Abu Bakra:
«إِنَّ دِمَاءَكُمْ وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ وَأَعْرَاضَكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ حَرَامٌ كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا...»
"Verily your blood, your property and your honour are as sacred and inviolable as the sanctity of this day of yours, in this town of yours, and in this month of yours", which is general and encompasses everybody including the State, and taking taxes is taking the wealth of the Muslim without his agreement, which indicates the impermissibility of taking it.
However, if the income of the Bayt Al-Mal from the defined areas and fixed amounts were not sufficient to administer the affairs of the subjects, since it could occur that there are issues which require administering and the income of the Bayt Al-Mal had already been spent, then would it be permissible in this situation to impose taxes or not? The answer to that is that what the Shari'ah obligated upon the Bayt Al-Mal includes what was obligated upon it alone and not obligated upon the Muslims, and what was obligated upon both the Bayt Al-Mal and upon the Muslims. It is not permitted for the State to impose taxes for the sake of whatever was obligated upon the Bayt Al-Mal alone and not upon the Muslims, so if there is money found in the Bayt Al-Mal it is used and if there is nothing then it is delayed until they find enough to carry it out, and no taxes at all are imposed upon the Muslims for its sake. This is because the Shari'ah did not obligate that issue upon the Muslims, and so it is not permitted to impose taxes for it since taking taxes in this situation would be considered to be oppression which is forbidden (Haram). Likewise, it would also be considered as making obligatory something that Allah (swt) did not make obligatory, which is like forbidding something permitted, or permitting something forbidden, which is enmity against the Shari'ah and the one who does it is considered to be a disbeliever if he believed in it, and sinful if he did not, accordingly it is not permitted for the State to impose a tax upon the Muslims which the Shari'ah did not make obligatory from the Quran and the Sunnah. Examples of this would be for the sake of the salaries of those collecting the Zakah, and giving to people in order to bring them closer to Islam/those whose hearts are to be reconciled, and giving to slaves in order to purchase their freedom, and to those indebted in order to repay what they owe. And such as building a new road while there was another one present, or building a dam while there was rain water, or establishing a hospital while there was another one present which fulfilled the need, or anything else similar to these, where its absence does not lead to the existence of Haram, but rather its presence leads to betterment and is complementary to what exists. It is not permitted for the State to impose taxes upon the Muslims for anything like this in order to carry it out, since the Shari'ah did not obligate that. The jurists said regarding similar issues that their right upon the Bayt Al-Mal is considered according to: "presence not absence", so if there was wealth present then they would deserve to have it spent upon them, and if it was absent then the absence voided their right.
As for what the Shari'ah obligated upon both the Bayt Al-Mal and the Muslims, then if there was no wealth to be found in the Bayt Al-Mal, or its wealth was finished, then in this situation the State could impose taxes upon the Muslims in order to carry out the affairs which the Shari'ah obligated upon both them and the Bayt Al-Mal.
This is because it is confirmed by text that Allah (swt) obligated that upon them, and made the Imam responsible over them, so he is the one who collects this wealth from them and spends it upon the interests, such as the necessary expenditure upon the poor, the needy and the wayfarers, and there was not enough in the Bayt Al-Mal from the income of Zakah and everything elseto spend upon them. This is since feeding the poor is obligatory upon the Muslims, as he said:
«وَأَيُّمَا أَهْلُ عَرْصَةٍ أَصْبَحَ فِيهِمْ امْرُؤٌ جَائِعٌ فَقَدْ بَرِئَتْ مِنْهُمْ ذِمَّةُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى»
"Whenever the people of an area wake up with a hungry person amongst them, then Allah's covenant and protection to them is absolved." (reported by Ahmad from Ibn Umar and authenticated by Al-Hakim). Also, if there is not enough in the Bayt Al-Mal for the necessary expenditure upon the soldiers and war, and everything that is required for military preparedness, then a tax is imposed upon the Muslims in order for it to be carried out due to His (swt) words:
(( وَجَاهِدُوا بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَنْفُسِكُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّه )) [التوبة 41] ، وقال: ((وَالْمُجَاهِدُونَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ بِأَمْوَالِهِمْ))
"And strive with your wealth and your lives in the cause of Allah." (TMQ 9:41)and: "And the Mujahideen, [who strive and fight] in the cause of Allah with their wealth and their lives." (TMQ 4:95), and it is reported from Anas who said: The Messenger of Allah said:
«جَاهِدُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ بِأَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُمْ وَأَلْسِنَتِكُمْ»
"Strive against the idolators (Mushrikin) with your wealth, your hands and your tongues." (reported by Ahmad and Al-Nisa'i and Al-Nisa'i and Al-Hakim authenticated it and Al-Dhahabi agreed). And in the same manner everything which if it were not undertaken would cause a harm to the Muslims, such as opening a route where there was no alternative, and opening a hospital whose opening was a necessity, and anything else similar whose expenditure would be deserved from the angle of interest and service without an alternative, and being a necessity from the necessities, and that the Ummah would be afflicted with a harm if it was not present, then taxes are imposed upon the Muslims in order to carry it out because the removal of harm is obligatory upon the Muslims; the Prophet said:
«لا ضَرَرَ وَلا ضِرَارَ»
"There should be neither harming nor reciprocating harm" (reported by Ahmad from Ibn 'Abbas, and Al-Hakim from Abu Sa'id Al-Khudri, and he authenticated it and Al-Dhahabi agreed). Likewise paying salaries for the army, judges and teachers, since these are from the issues that the Shari'ah obligated upon the Muslims, since learning has been made obligatory upon them, and so has establishing the courts and Jihad, as has been indicated by explicit texts. Therefore, the State is permitted to impose taxes in order to carry out these issues which the Shari'ah obligated upon the Muslims alongside the Bayt Al-Mal, since the texts are explicit in their obligation upon the Muslims. This is the evidence for the first issue of the article.
As for the second issue, its evidence is the words of the Messenger :
«أفضلُ الصَّدَقَةِ مَا كَانَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى»
"and the best Sadaqah is that which given out of surplus." (agreed upon from Hakim Bin Hizam and Abu Hurayrah), and Al-Ghina is what the person did without, after taking what was necessary to fulfil his needs. It is reported from Jabir that the Messenger of Allah said:
«أَفْضَلُ الصَّدَقَةِ مَا كَانَ عَنْ ظَهْرِ غِنًى، وَالْيَدُ الْعُلْيَا خَيْرٌ مِنْ الْيَدِ السُّفْلَى، وَابْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ»
"The best of Sadaqah is that which given out of surplus; and the upper hand is better than the lower hand, and begin with the members of your household" (agreed upon). And in another narration in Muslim from Jabir:
«ابْدَأْ بِنَفْسِكَ فَتَصَدَّقْ عَلَيْهَا فَإِنْ فَضَلَ شَيْءٌ فَلأَهْلِكَ»
"Start by giving Sadaqah to yourself, and if anything is surplus, then for your family".So he made providing for the person whom it is obligatory to support secondary to providing for oneself, and the tax is similar to that because it is like support and Sadaqah. And Allah (swt) said:
(( وَيَسْأَلُونَكَ مَاذَا يُنْفِقُونَ قُلِ الْعَفْو))َ
"And they ask you as to what they should spend. Say: what you can spare." (TMQ 2:219), in other words, that which would not be difficult to spend, which would mean that which is extra. This indicates that what is obligatory upon the Muslim as far as their wealth is concerned, irrespective of whether that was Zakah or maintenance, is only taken from whatever he has that is extra over what he needs according to the norms. Similar to that is the tax, so it is not taken from the Muslim except from that which is extra and above what someone like him would require to fulfil their needs, or in other words, what is extra to what he needs to feed, cloth, shelter and provide help for himself and his wives, and what he spends to fulfil his needs and whatever is similar for someone in his position, because this is the meaning of the Messenger's words: "what is given out of surplus".
As for the third issue, its evidence is the forbiddance of the Shari'ah from taking what is not obligatory, and whatever is additional to the needs is not obligatory upon the Muslim, and so it is forbidden to take it, and for this reason the amount taken is what is required for the Bayt Al-Mal and nothing more. 'Ali (ra) suggested to Umar Bin Al-Khattab (ra) that there should be nothing remaining in the Bayt Al-Mal saying to him: "Divide whatever wealth you receive every year, and do not hold onto anything from it" (reported by Ibn Sa'd from Al-Waqidi), and it is reported: "that Ali used to spend everything in Bayt Al-Mal to the point that he would sweep it and then sits it in" (reported by Ibn 'Abd alBarr in Al-Istidhkar from Anas b. Sirin). The Khulafaa' used to do this with respect to the income other than taxes, so how would they have treated the income from taxes? By greater reasoning there should remain nothing in the Bayt Al-Mal, and so nothing more than what is necessary is taken.
This is the evidence for the three issues of this article.
دفعہ نمبر149: بیت المال کی آمدنی کا مستقل ذرائع
دفعہ نمبر 151: بیت المال کی آمدنی
دفعہ نمبر 152: بیت المال کے نفقات (اخراجات)
دفعہ نمبر 144: جزیہ
دفعہ نمبر 150: اخراجات الادا ٹیکس فنڈ
دفعہ نمبر 158: بااختیار شہریوں کو ان کی ضروریات کو حاصل
دفعہ نمبر 164: سب کے لئے مفت مہیا
دفعہ نمبر148: ریاستی بجٹ
دفعہ نمبر 102: بیت المال
دفعہ نمبر 123: اقتصادی پالیسی
دفعہ نمبر 182: کسی فرد، حزب گروہ یا جماعت کے لئے جائز نہیں کہ اس کے کسی بھی اجنبی ریاست سے کسی بھی قسم کے تعلقات ہوں۔ریاستوںکے ساتھ تعلقات صرف اور صرف ریاست کا کام ہے۔ کیو نکہ صرف ریاست کوہی عملی طور پر امت کے معاملات کی دیکھ بھال کا حق حاصل ہے۔ امت اور پارٹیوں( جماعتوں) کا کام ان خارجہ تعلقات کے حوالے سے ریاست کا محاسبہ کرنا ہے۔
in عدلیہ (75-95)
دفعہ نمبر 78: قاضی کا منصب سنبھالنے والے شخص کے لیے شرط کہ وہ مسلمان،آزاد،بالغ،عاقل،عادل،فقیہ اور احکامات کو حقائق پر لاگوکرنے پر قادر ہو،جبکہ کہ قاضی مظالم کا منصب لینے والے شخص کے لیے ان شرائط کے علاوہ یہ شرط بھی ہے کہ وہ مرداور مجتہد بھی ہو۔
in انتظامی مشینری, بیت المال, میڈیا (96-104)
دفعہ نمبر 98: ہر وہ شخص جو ریاست کا شہری ہو اور باصلاحیت ہو، کو کسی بھی مفاد،محکمہ یا ڈپارٹمنٹ کاملازم یا اس کامدیر (ڈائریکٹر) مقرر کیا جا سکتا ہے،خواہ وہ مرد ہو یا عورت،مسلمان ہو یا غیر مسلم۔
دفعہ نمبر10:…
دفعہ نمبر10: تمام مسلما ن اسلام کی ذمہ داری کا بو جھ اٹھا ئیں گے، اسلام میں کو ئی مخصوص ر جا ل دین (مذہبی لوگ ) نہیں ہو تے ، ریا ست پر لا زم ہے کہ وہ مسلما نوں کے اندر اس قسم کی کوئی چیز محسوس کریں تو اس کو رو کیں۔
دفعہ نمبر 169: بنک کھولنے کی مکمل ممانعت ہو گی اور صرف اسٹیٹ بنک موجود ہوگا۔ کوئی سودی لین دین نہ ہو گا اور اسٹیٹ بنک بیت المال کے محکموں میں سے ایک محکمہ ہو گا اوراسٹیٹ بنک احکام کے مطابق قرضے جاری کرے گااور مالیاتی اور کرنسی کے معاملات میں سہولیات فراہم کرے گا۔
in محکمہ حرب (61-69)
دفعہ نمبر 61: محکمہ حرب، ملٹری فورسز یعنی فوج اور پولیس سے متعلق تمام امور کا ذمہ دار ہے جس میں معاہدات ، مہمات اور فوجی سازوسامان وغیرہ شامل ہیں۔ وہ ملٹری کالجز فوجی معرکے اور فوج کے لئے ضروری اسلامی ثقافت ، عسکری تربیت اور جنگی تیاری سے متعلق ہر چیز کا ذمہ دار بھی، یہی محکمہ حرب ہے اور اس محکمے کے سربراہ کو امیر جہاد کہا جاتا ہے ۔


The following remarks were delivered today by DA Leader, Mmusi Maimane, at the announcement of the DA's Premier Candidate for the Northern Cape. Maimane was joined by DA Gauteng Provincial Leader, John Moodey.
Our announcement today of the DA's candidate for Premier of the Northern Cape in the 2019 election marks the start of a campaign that will usher in a new era of accountability and commitment to the people of this province.
If you look at the voting trends in the Northern Cape, you will know that the political sands here are fast shifting. Over the past decade there has been a big swing away from the ANC, and a big swing towards the DA, in both national and provincial, as well as the local government elections. This trend has been echoed in recent by-election results across the province.
The Northern Cape is very much "in play" for 2019, and the DA is making all the necessary preparations to lead a government here after the election, as we are also doing in Gauteng under the guidance of Gauteng Provincial Leader, John Moodey, who has accompanied me here today.
We fully intend to become the biggest party in the Northern Cape next year, and we plan to hit the ground running in government so that we can help unlock the potential of this largely forgotten province. To do so, we will apply the same principles as we did in the Western Cape, which saw that province become the biggest provider of new jobs in the country in recent years. Last year, three quarters of all new jobs were added in the Western Cape. This was only possible thanks to the DA's obsessive focus on enabling growth and enterprise in the private sector, rather than making job creation a function of the state.
We need to do the same here in the Northern Cape. We need to create a corruption-free, hassle-free environment in which businesses can flourish, and we need to identify and enhance the industries that are key to development and growth here. One such an industry is energy, and particularly renewable energy. Through smart infrastructure investment and good clean governance, we can make the Northern Cape an energy hub and create thousands of new jobs here. The DA will put the Northern Cape back on the map when it comes to development, growth and jobs.
And so I am pleased to announce that our capable DA Northern Cape team will do so under the proven leadership of our Premier candidate, Andrew Louw. Andrew has served as DA Provincial Leader here since 2010, during which time the party has gone from strength to strength, both in terms of electoral results and in its fight for better services, better living conditions and accountable governance for the people of the Northern Cape.
Andrew was born in Kimberley in 1969. He grew up right here in Galeshewe, in Boikanyo Street, and attended Venus Primary School and Homevale Secondary School. His childhood was marked by poverty, but thanks to the sacrifices of his parents and a close-knit community, his poor childhood served as a motivation to one day be of service, rather than to define his path in life.
He would go on to obtain various qualifications from a host of tertiary institutions such as the then Rand Afrikaans University, Pretoria University, Wits University and UNISA. These qualifications include diplomas in marketing management, operations management, diversity management, business management and labour relations. He is currently enrolled in a Masters programme at Wits in the field of governance and leadership, which he has temporarily put on hold until after the 2019 elections.
Growing up in Galeshewe, Andrew knew very well the damaging effects of an uncaring government. All around him he saw people whose futures had become severely limited by the circumstances of their birth and their surroundings. This moved him to want to make a difference in these communities, and to become a voice for those who couldn't speak for themselves.
He joined the DA 12 years ago, first as an activist and later as candidate for ward councillor here in Ward 14 – an election battle he lost by a mere 23 votes. Undeterred by this narrow setback, he went on to serve as a PR Councillor for the DA until he became a Member of Parliament in 2009, serving as the Shadow Minister for Labour. Since becoming Provincial Leader in 2010 he has defended his position at two congresses, both with landslide victories. This is testament to the trust his colleagues and the party have in Andrew's abilities to lead the party in this province.
During this time, Andrew guided the DA to increased electoral returns in every national, provincial and local election, as well as a host of by-elections. In the 2014 elections, he helped grow DA support from 15% (2009) to 23,5%, and from 2009 to 2016 the number of DA councillors in the province grew from 69 to 107.
The DA's momentum in the Northern Cape is undeniable, and much of this success is down to the hands-on work of Andrew Louw. He personifies the "get your hands dirty" type of leader, and will make for an excellent Premier of our country's largest province.
He will have to blaze his own trail as Premier though, because the ANC Premiers who have preceded him here will have left him with very uninspiring shoes to fill. In fact, the ANC leadership in this province, collectively, has a lot to answer for. When the Premier is best known for her taxpayer-funded fast-food excesses, and when the ruling party's former Provincial Chair is the convicted criminal, John Block, then you know that good governance is very low down on the priority list.
The good news is that the people of the Northern Cape have had enough of this corruption and neglect. Particularly here in Kimberley and Galeshewe, the people have indicated that the ANC's time in power is over. The fact that the DA lost the court bid to have the compromised Sol Plaatje Mayor, Mangaliso Matika, removed due to a legal technicality does not change the mood and the will of the people.
The people of the Northern Cape know that only one party has been fighting in their corner, and that party is the DA. Only the DA has sought justice against the corrupt John Block. Only the DA fought to have Mayor Matika removed. Only the DA, through its vital court action, brought an end to the violent protests and looting in Kimberley. The people will have noticed this, and it will reflect in next year's election.
But then the real work will begin. Because this is a province that has truly been forgotten and left behind by this ANC government. The issues affecting communities throughout the Northern Cape do not belong in a modern democracy.
Here you will find some of the most crippling poverty in our whole country. Here you will find, at 42.4%, one of the highest expanded unemployment rates in the country. Here you will find collapsed municipal service with crumbling roads and sewerage spills in many towns. Here you will find one of the highest incidences of Foetal Alcohol Syndrome in the whole world. And here you will find the highest school drop-out rate in the country – almost 55% of learners in this province drop out between enrolling for grade 10 and writing their matric exams.
This is unacceptable. The conditions that many people in this province face every day should offend all South Africans. It most certainly offends Andrew Louw, which is why he is so committed to bringing real change to the Northern Cape. I have full confidence in his ability to do so, and I wholeheartedly endorse him as the DA's candidate for Premier of the Northern Cape.


text:
Charting the Rise of Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson as an Actor
Filed under: Careers — 2 Comments
Doesn't he just seem like a nice guy?
It was recently announced that Dwayne Johnson will be playing the lead role in Brett Ratner's story of Hercules. He is also the favourite to land the role of Sinbad in another adaptation of a famous story: Arabian Nights. In the next couple of years Johnson looks set to cement his place as a leading action hero among Hollywood's finest. Not bad for a guy who started out in WWF.
Most people will know Dwayne Johnson by another name: The Rock. He is probably the most famous wrestler ever to grace the ring and has been a fan's favourite for years. His persona in the ring, his talent, the people's elbow, 'can you smell what The Rock is cooking?' and that weird little thing he did with his eyebrow all memorable traits of his wrestling career. And then the best wrestler in the world made the step into movies.
His acting career didn't start terribly well with films like The Scorpion King, Welcome to the Jungle and Be Cool. Johnson also didn't help himself by starring in the very poor movie adaptation of video game Doom, panned by critics.
So, Dwayne, you know that hard man image you use to have? Not so much here.
But Dwayne Johnson did not give up his hopes of becoming an actor and instead of going down the hard man route which was all so easily laid out for him, the man formerly known as The Rock tried his hand at family films. In 2009 he starred in Race to Witch Mountain and the very enjoyable animation Planet 51. What he was thinking when he agreed to play the title role in The Tooth Fairy I don't think we will ever know but the point is; he was becoming a well-known face on the family film circuit.
And after his work in Faster and The Other Guys, Johnson was finally given his big break; his chance to make it big as a film star. Dwayne Johnson was cast in Fast Five (or Fast and Furious 5, whichever you like) as Luke Hobbs, starring opposite Vin Diesel and Paul Walker in probably the most predictable franchise of all time. The fourth film in the series gained over $300million at the box office. The addition of Dwayne Johnson to the cast for Fast Five saw box office figures almost double for the fifth film, earning Johnson the unofficial nickname of 'franchise Viagra'. And to be honest, he was very very good in Fast Five, he completely outshone the rest of the cast in my opinion.
This effect continued with Journey 2: The Mysterious Island, the sequel to Journey to the Centre of the Earth starring Brendan Frasier (hands up who had forgotten that even existed?). The first film grossed around $240million whilst the Dwayne Johnson led sequel added another $30million onto that. Studio bosses will be hoping he has that same effect again as he has been cast in G.I. Joe: Retaliation with the franchise already in danger of being run out of the cinemas.
One of these men was the real star of Fast Five. Clue: It wasn't the one on the left.
I will openly admit that when it was announced that The Rock would be trying his hand at acting I had my head in my hands. But who would have thought that the hard man Dwayne Johnson would become such a likeable and bankable actor. He is signed on for at least one more Fast and Furious film and will be starring in Pain and Gain with Mark Wahlberg in 2013. Whether it be action films or family films, you'd better get used to seeing Dwayne 'The Rock' Johnson on your screens a whole lot more.
Tags: 2012, 2013, action, arabian nights, be cool, blog, brett ratner, doom, dwayne johnson, family films, fast and furious, fast five, faster, film, gi joe, hard man, hercules, journey 2 the mysterious island, journey to the centre of the eart, mark wahlberg, movies, news, pain and gain, paul walker, peoples elbow, planet 51, race to witch mountain, retaliation, sinbad, the other guys, the rock, the scorpion king, the tooth fairy, viagra, vin diesel, welcome to the jungle, wrestling, wwf
kevinsden
I actually agree, when I first heard that he'd try out acting I laughed, but now… he prove dme wrong. he's pretty good.
http://kevinsden.wordpress.com/
thethrussellproject
Have to admit, his films are a guilty pleasure. Loved Fast Five and I actually like Welcome to the Jungle and Walking Tall mainly for the mindless action.
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Stress, strain, or injury can take a toll on any horse, even one with no obvious conformation defects. When lameness occurs, you should contact your Veterinarian promptly. A prompt examination can save you time, money, and frustration by diagnosing and treating the problem immediately, possibly preventing further damage. The goal of such early examinations is to keep small problems from becoming big ones.
Lameness evaluations are also routine in most purchase examinations. When your veterinarian evaluates an animal you are considering for purchase, you may be forewarned about potential problems and should be able to make a more informed decision.
Lameness is any alteration of the horse's gait. Such abnormalities can be caused by pain in the neck, withers, shoulders, back, loin, hips, legs, or feet. Identifying the source of the problem is essential to proper treatment.
The medical history of the horse. The veterinarian asks the owner questions relating to Past and present difficulties of the horse. He or she also inquires about exercise or work requirements and any other pertinent information. A visual appraisal of the horse at rest. The veterinarian will study conformation, balance, and weight bearing, and look for any evidence of injury or stress. Evaluation of the horse in motion. The veterinarian watches the horse walking and trotting. Observing the horse from the front, back, and both side views, the veterinarian notes any deviations in gait (such as winging or paddling), failure to land squarely on all four feet, and the unnatural shifting of weight from one limb to another. The horse also walks and trots in circles, on a long line, in a round pen, and under saddle. The veterinarian looks for signs, such as shortening of the stride, irregular foot placement, head bobbing, stiffness, weight shifting, etc. A thorough hands-on exam. The veterinarian palpates the horse, checking muscles, joints, bones, and tendons for evidence of pain, heat, swelling, or any other physical abnormalities. Application of hoof testers to the feet. This instrument allows the veterinarian to apply Pressure to the soles of the feet to check for undue sensitivity or pain.Joint flexion tests. The veterinarian holds the horse's limbs in a flexed position and then releases the leg. As the horse trots away, the veterinarian watches for signs of pain, weight shifting, or irregular movement. Flexing the joints in this manner may reveal problems not otherwise readily apparent.
Drug test. Blood tests can be done to detect drugs that may camouflage lameness.
Diagnostic procedures are often necessary to isolate the specific location and cause of lameness. Lameness cannot be effectively treated without a specific diagnosis. If your Veterinarian has cause for concern based on initial examination, he or she may recommend further tests, including radiographs, diagnostic nerve block, nuclear scanning, arthroscopy, ultrasound, and examination of blood, synovial fluid, and tissue samples.
Radiographs. X-rays are useful in identifying damage or changes to bony tissues. Radiographs should be interpreted only by an experienced and knowledgeable veterinarian, since not all changes are cause for concern. Radiographs provide limited information about soft tissue, such as tendons, ligaments, or structures inside the joints, which are often the source of lameness. Diagnostic nerve and joint blocks. These analgesic techniques are perhaps the most important tools used to identify the location of lameness. Working from the foot up, the veterinarian temporarily deadens sensation to specific segments of the limb, one joint at a time, until the lameness disappears. This procedure isolates the area of pain causing the lameness. Blocks can also help determine whether the condition is treatable. Scintigraphy (Nuclear scanning). Radioisotopes injected intravenously into the horse are concentrated in inflamed areas. These areas can be scanned with a gamma camera, providing an image of the trouble site. Arthroscopy.This procedure allows optical examination of internal joint tissues or tendon sheaths. It requires general anesthesia but may be the only way to define the damage. Some diagnoses can only be made with arthroscopy. Ultrasound (Sonography). This procedure uses ultrasonic waves to image internal structures.
Blood, synovial (joint) fluid, and tissue samples. These samples can be examined for infection or inflammation. Such examinations usually require laboratory testing.
Lameness not perceptible under any circumstances. Lameness is difficult to observe and is not consistently apparent, regardless of circumstances (e.g., weight carrying, circling, inclines, hard surface, etc.) Lameness is difficult to observe at a walk or when trotting in a straight line but consistently apparent under certain circumstances (e.g., weight carrying, circling, inclines, hard surface, etc.) Lameness is consistently observable at a trot under all circumstances. Lameness is obvious at a walk.
Lameness produces minimal weigh bearing in motion and/or at rest or a complete inability to move.
The veterinarian should observe the horse on both soft and hard surfaces, since different types of lameness may become apparent with different footing. In addition, lameness may only be apparent when the horse is under saddle, or it may be manifest only at liberty or on a long line when the horse can be evaluated without the influence of the rider.
A horse's walk and trot may be especially revealing.The slower gait of the walk makes it easier to observe slight deviations that aren't readily apparent at a faster pace. However, the trot is perhaps most useful for evaluating lameness because it is the simplest gait, consisting of a two-beat stride pattern, and because the horse's weight is distributed evenly between diagonal pairs of legs. The speed and concussion of a faster pace may help elicit pain, but identification of the affected limb is facilitated by the slower gaits.
Evaluation for the presence of lameness should be part of every purchase evaluation. While it is impossible to predict a horse's actual performance, the veterinarian can provide information regarding lameness or potential lameness by evaluating conformation, movement, medical history, past performance, and existing medical conditions. The extent of the exam will be determined by the buyer and veterinarian. Value, intended use, and long-term goals may be factors in selecting certain exam procedures. For example, radiographs, sonograms, and other diagnostic tests provide comprehensive pictures of the horse's condition, but they also add to the exam's cost. The most important question your veterinarian will ask is: What will you be doing with this horse?
Your veterinarian will then weigh conformation, movement, and medical considerations against the type and level of performance expected, A horse that is fine for a daily pleasure ride may not hold up under more strenuous activities.
In the purchase lameness exam, the veterinarian will try to determine two things: 1) Is the horse lame at the present time, or are there existing conditions that deserve a closer look? 2) What is the likelihood that the horse will remain serviceable for its intended use? Age, health, expected level of activity, conformation, and past use will be considered.
The veterinarian will inform the owner of the relevant facts and risks, and the owner can then decide whether to Purchase the horse.
In order for your veterinarian to evaluate a horse fairly, the animal should be fit, conditioned, and in training for its intended use. A horse that has been laid off for an extended time will be difficult to evaluate for lameness. One option may be to ask that the horse be returned to training and then re-examined after 30-60 days. Depending on the horse's value, such a request may be reasonable. Ask your veterinarian.GOOD STEWARDSHIP Lameness is a complicated condition, With many possible causes. Be a conscientious observer. If you suspect a problem, discontinue riding your horse and seek advice from your veterinarian promptly.
By identifying even a minor lameness and acting swiftly to correct it, you will minimize the risk of injury to the horse and yourself, and you will be rewarded by better performance and a longer useful life from your horse.
This brochure was developed By the American Association of Equine Practitioners through a grant from Bayer Corporation, Animal Health.


The suspect is also dead, Isaac said.
Cincinnati Police confirmed they were investigating an "active shooter/officer involved incident" at the 30-story building on Walnut Street, which houses the bank and several other companies, around 9:30 a.m.
Cincinnati Police say he lived in an apartment on Miami Avenue in North Bend. Cincinnati.com reported that the scene is now secure but that there are multiple victims.
An ongoing investigation has provided no indication of the shooter's motive, according to Isaac, but "mental health issues" may have been a factor, he said.
Witness Leonard Cain, who said he heard up to 15 gunshots, was walking into the bank when someone alerted him of the shooting.
"We send our prayers to the victims and their families", said Cincinnati Mayor John Cranley. "And I'm thinking about how I can make a difference in the future", Whitney Austin said in a statement obtained by Louisville CBS affiliate WLKY.
"Horrific, grotesque and unacceptable", he said.
Michael Richardson told Cincinnati.com that he saw the man shooting in the lobby, saying, "I looked behind me and saw the guy - he shot and then he shot again". Then, she heard more that "sounded as if they were getting closer and closer". "Square and surrounding area will be closed to foot traffic".
The victims have not been identified. Five others were taken to a Cincinnati hospital for treatment.
"Oh, no, no, no, no", the woman said as she slumped against the wall and spoke to Santa Perez's sister, the paper reported. "After that I started running". Initially, police had thought Santa Perez had entered at the loading dock and began shooting there, but Isaac said Friday that was because some of the shooting victims had ran to that area.
He was born in Pureto Rico and had been living in the city since at least 2015, Isaac said.
Authorities in Cincinnati have released video footage showing the harrowing moment when officers shot and killed a gunman who opened fire on a downtown bank on Thursday morning.
A witness said a woman walked into the bank wearing headphones, and she did not hear warnings not to enter. "I will be eating lunch on Fountain Square tomorrow, mindful of the true character of Cincinnati".
"I commend law enforcement, fire and EMS personnel who swiftly responded to the scene and share my deepest sympathies with the victims", he wrote.
"We as a country have to deal with it", Cranley said.
Malone was on his way to London Luton Airport in England, where the rapper was set to perform at the Reading & Leeds festival. Malone tweeted after the landing, thanking those who offered prayers. "F*** you but not today". "Oh yeah, I'm fine", he said.


text:
using my imagination
October – December 2017
WiDo Publishing
The Dolphin Code – joe's novel
The End of Civilization
Civilization Is Ending
Commentary by Joe Boudreault
One of the major patterns of history is that civilizations rise and then fall. Whether they take a century or several centuries to do this is irrelevant: great periods of human history are destined to decline after a golden age. In the 21st century, all the signs are pointing to a rapid decline in current civilization. In spite of all the shouts of praise about how modern and progressive man is, and about how quickly we are advancing into this new millennium, we are on a certain downfall. Signs of this decline are all around for anybody who cares to look. The sad thing is, not many people care enough to notice, which in itself is one sign of a descent back into barbarism.
It is perhaps useful to offer up a definition of just what a civilization is in the first place. It can be most simply thought of as the highest peak which human endeavor can reach in a collective sense. The smallest collection of people is the single family unit, which could be three or four persons: the parents and one child, or more. Several families would be a clan or tribe, several similar groups of those become a society, a grouping of like-minded societies could be a nation, and a melding together of many nations could be a commonwealth or a civilization. But not any collectivization of groups, no matter how similar, need be identified as a civilization. The general term of civilization comes from the root civil, and that refers to something common or universal to the groups of those societies. There may be thirty or more nations in Europe, for example, but their close proximity to each other does not designate a civilization.
Generally speaking, civilized peoples are those who are enlightened, sophisticated or cultured in a way different from those surrounding them. They are, in a very real way, a super culture. A very intelligent person can do better than a not-so-intelligent person, but the intelligence that results from a civilized society is far higher than even the brightest person in it. It would be a super-intelligence that creates the super culture, as it were. This all derives itself from both a higher moral judgment of things, and a rule of law. From primitivism and disparity to organization and unity. In the religious sense, this would be represented by a theocratic realm. In the political and secular sense, this would be represented by an empire. And while one may derive its existence from a priest or system of sacred doctrines and the other from a superbly good political leader, the result is a cohesion that binds all the scattered elements of all the societies involved. A civilization is more a melting pot of common goods than it is a mosaic of diverse anomalies. Spain had an empire, and the next-door nations of Portugal and France also had empires, but these three nations did not comprise a single civilization. On the other hand, Rome did. The difference was in how the Romans (or the Greeks, Egyptians or Sumerians) held together their subjugated kingdoms and managed them for centuries.
It can be safely asserted that no people can survive for long without some sort of guideline for the running of society. A dictatorship does this by terror and intimidation. A king does this by the general assent of the populace in giving him the power to rule. If such a king were to behave wisely, like a benevolent dictator, things turn out okay. If a religious ruler has the guidance of an accepted doctrine, things also turn out okay. Civilization results, but it all depends a great deal on the source of the wisdom and the central doctrine. The Greeks used a lot of intellectual reasoning. The Sumerians and Egyptians had a form of benevolence that stemmed from the hand of rulers who thought themselves divine but had a relatively good mixture of decent behavior and fair play. The Romans (and more recently the British and the Americans) had refined the rule of law by exercising military force within weaker societies for their mutual protection. Might makes right. But from where did the morals of such a system come from?
There is a natural law that is common to everyone. A universal perception of right and wrong exists within every being, and the drive for decent civic behavior and the desire of a home, of peace, and of a higher order of things is a familiar face of every society that ever existed. The origin of this natural law is God. It cannot come from evolution for that is a greatly flawed theory. The basis for morality is implanted into each person by God and it is the sole responsibility of the individual to respond to it. First we must recognize God as the supreme lawgiver, and in fact as the only lawgiver. If God is singular and supreme, there can be no wrong with such laws or morality.
Nothing in the world is purely arbitrary. There is design in everything around us and a divine purpose for it. Civilization does not spring out of happenstance and chaos without a reason. Our very nature tells us that there is cause behind the action, and behind the Natural Law that motivates and inspires it there is a divine lawgiver. When it comes together in large measure, we get civilization in one form or another. And when the divine lawgiver is ignored, that same civilization declines.
There are those who argue, of course, that mankind never did become truly civilized; that he merely tuned his barbaric actions in a way that concentrated his desires into a different method of gaining control and power over others. But power is a trademark of civilization and a form of control is needed to maintain it. If a concentration of power makes for a better life for those under the control of that power, then it is worth noting that the exercise of authority makes for civilization, and that civilization is therefore good for us. Law and order is what we all want, and it is what we function best under, and that is the color of civilization. The more common the law is, the greater is the civilizing affect. But there must be room for flexibility. Boredom is the death of society and opportunity for change is the life of it. This is in effect a point of common law to hold the parts together and a counterpoint of innovation to improve them. Think of it like this: a group of people wear similar clothing because they must wear some protection against the elements, but the clothing has different colors and textures because tastes are different. The laws that govern should be minimal in order to guarantee the greatest freedoms and progress to the largest number of peoples.
In the 21st century the fabric of societies is being torn apart everywhere. The finer points of culture and civility are being replaced by militancy, immorality and hedonism. The make-ups of modern cultures are shattering because they are discarding God. I do not mean for a moment that there is no religion, but a cursory look at the world at large shows just how fractured the perception of God is in the eyes of mankind. Man (so he thinks) will evolve and advance by himself. He will reason his way through the future without any deity to guide him. This is strange behavior, because the very reasoning that places man in this godless scenario is the reasoning given to him by his Creator. And when God is thrown out of the picture, the result can only be pandemonium and ruin.
The shattering of the stuff of civilization is easily observed. First goes the respect for the authority that holds it together. Respect (and even belief in) God evaporates. That alone changes the formula to one of failure and eventual doom. As law and order erodes, so does the quality and purpose of life. Those qualities and purposes had their finest realizations when man acknowledged and worshiped God and enjoyed the divine providence that was available and which provided for a healthy, vibrant and balanced existence. We were never designed to live apart from God's providence, but rebelliousness and wrong-headedness has sidetracked humanity into disaster. There is no respect for the proven guidance of God in our affairs.
Next we see the idea that man is quite okay on his own. However, he has had eight or ten thousand years to prove that he isn't quite okay. If God is tossed out the door the natural law gets little attention from man and therefore there is no guarantee of societal success. There is secular gain and a modicum of progress but there is no continuing civilization.
Finally, as mankind struggles along in an atheistic atmosphere full of relativistic morals, a sort of world-wide anarchy and confusion becomes the pattern of affairs worldwide. Where family was once the nucleus of harmony in society, individual selfishness is prevalent. Where nationhood at least gave some security, international violence escalates. Where spiritual ideals and morals guided people, now there is only an infuriating kind of secular humanism.
A problem with modern history it that it portrays this past two centuries as the highlight in human accomplishments, and it describes past centuries as either Dark Ages or feudalism. The truth of the matter is that we are no better off in a social way than were those Greeks or Egyptians, and in a spiritual way we are far worse off. Churches and places of worship have only a minimal sway over a tiny portion (if any) of our lives. Governments are all-pervasive and controlling and immorality has been globalized. We are surrounding ourselves by the dazzling equipment of high technology, entertainment, and information, but are killing ourselves with insane lifestyles.
For example, there is rarely any favorable comparison between the values of past civilizations and our own. When high-culture gives a society such things as public works and arts they inspire and engage the populace towards greater things that reflect the uniqueness of our race. Past cultures celebrated greatness in literature, theater, architecture, food and dress, communal thought, music and oratory, medicine and health, and racial fairness. Today we are witnesses to a poor imitation of most of these things. In fact, we seem to look back in awe at the wisdom of Socrates and Galen, of Bacon and Columbus and Shakespeare, of Donne and Schweitzer and Gandhi. Why is it that we seem to be going in reverse while claiming to be so forward-thinking?
Looking at the steady decay of greatness from a Western perspective, it is plain to see that every angle of human life is becoming warped and perverse. The family unit is no longer unified. Humans have finally convinced themselves that single parent households are okay, and further, that same-sex couples are not only acceptable but are professed to be better. Marriage is laughed at or scorned as being too permanent. Clothing is not practical, but cosmetically bizarre. Food is deadly and unimaginable in comparison to the natural products of the good earth. Music is no longer from the mind and spirit but from the groin, a monotonous porridge of abasement and carnal gratuity. Literature is the same, and has lost most of its originality and poetry and has become a subculture of distress and boredom and cheap formulas. Television is a smaller rendition of the aural and visual arts which copy the perversity and dull madness of life, and cinema is a grand scale of both of these combined. Fiction is no longer imaginary or believable. When was the last time you viewed a celebrated piece of art in a museum? It is not worth the visit anymore. With satellites, television, computers, and recording and playing devices of every kind, the in-gathering of human knowledge has reached fever pitch and offered amazingly gigantic volumes of free information, yet we are intellectually bankrupt. The abominations of past centuries are now thought of as enlightened pursuits. Good is bad and bad is good in this dispensation where the handbook of God, the Bible, will soon be thought of as hate literature.
Some specific examples, again from a Western perspective, are needed here, for those of you who think that this is unrealistic pessimism. There was a time when Paradise Lost and Pilgrim's Progress were considered to be classic morality plays with a lot to teach us. Today, Harry Potter and Highlander and South Park have replaced them. Vivaldi, Mozart and Beethoven gave us the pure genius of stirring music for the whole body, but today's noise which passes for music is the putrid fare of country music, rap and hip-hop, and anguished pop filled with darkness, lawlessness, and the repetitive aimlessness of lust and rebellion. Painters and sculptors of ages past gave renditions of the human condition that awed us ("a picture is worth a thousand words"), but modern art is more often a messy splatter of indecipherable strokes or lumps (ie Picasso, Salvador Dali, Alexander Calder) and words are unable to express the futility of it all. Diets are overwhelmed by messy globs of fats, salts and sugars, with their associated diseases. Sports such as the ancient Olympic Games, team sports of the earlier 20th century, and individual physical acrobatics all gave us shining examples of healthy youth and strength and fellowship, where practical activities like running, swimming, and work were put to the test. Now, extreme sports (Survivor, Fear Factor, The Amazing Race) strain the credibility and the mental faculties of a spectator for want of any sense of application and plain good taste. The media of film has gone from the hypnotizing power of accurate portraiture into the numbing caricature of obscenely expensive cartoons. Culture was once something that was sophisticated and poignant, as in a Tennyson poem; now we see our degeneracy reflected in the paling face of a Michael Jackson, cheered on by fans just as translucent. Intelligence is being replaced by pleasure seeking and self-indulgence. The very perception of this decline is going out the window with the decline itself because now the blind are leading the blind.
This can all be said to be an outward working of personal expression versus personal restraint. Hedonism destroyed the Greek civilization; amorality and selfish greed are likewise destroying what we have. Children once looked up to parents and elders; now, the older generation defers to the angst of the younger set. The fable of The Road Warrior and Blade Runner is becoming a reality all too soon.
Healthy foods are being replaced by drugs and religious morals are being replaced by the occult. Occult means shaded or darkened, and if you live mostly in the dark, I suppose you would eagerly grasp for things that promise supernatural aids, even if that 'aid' is devilish. The devil cares not what you think of him, or even if you don't believe in him, for he is the Great Deceiver and that is the greatest deceit of them all, that he 'doesn't exist'. The Magics are not unnecessarily false; our own wishful thinking can poison our views of reality. Think about the popularity of UFOs, the paranormal, spirit channeling, and ghosts of every denomination.
Clear and proper language usage is being replaced by "politically correct" expression. If ever there was something incorrect, it is this fable. A salesman or spokesman or foreman can no longer be tolerated, they say. It is person, not a gender-correct term that must be accepted. But this idiocy of political correctness goes even further: every day I see terrorists referred to as insurgents, and sexual deviants referred to as homosexuals. They are more acceptable and tolerable (though nonetheless aberrant) in those 'correct' terms! It is all a creepy fulfillment of George Orwell's newspeak. But then, imagery is overtaking words in our society; pictures appeal to emotions, but mere words appeal to intellect and reason. Orwell himself lamented the decline of language in his 1946 essay "Politics and the English Language". And as Australian writer Philip Atkinson correctly pointed out (re Orwell) there is an increase in the use of phrases that are not needed in communication, a "deliberate use of more words than are necessary. Such as invoking at this moment in time instead of now, or the state of the art instead of latest, and the addition of surplus words such as converting a riot into a riot situation and opportunity into a window of opportunity". This fancy extra verbiage may sound correct but is in fact a decline in clear reasoning.
Regarding the fact that the success of the family unit is critical to the success of any civilization, one has to ask whether any other means is possible to replace the failing family unit. The fact is that man has tried just about everything else possible in regards to this, and all efforts have so far been dismal. If there is a way to do this (rescue the family again) that we don't know about, perhaps it's in our future and we will find it. But it's also possible that no other way can be found.
The perfect unit of human living has already been created, tried, and proven, and it is the father/mother/child unit. That institute was given to us by God. There are, of course, those critics who question why such a God (and not man himself) might have the only way that is perfect or that works at all. Such questioning represents a serious doubt in the trustworthiness God, but that is a doubt which is easily put to rest. You only have to look at any Bible prophecy which has come to pass to see that God knows what He is about and what is yet to happen. The Old Testament has numerous prophecies which have been filled and a few more just now being fulfilled. Their accuracy is always one hundred percent, a score only God can attain. So the God of the Bible is the true God.
The family unit which God created was the only unit that could succeed. And that unit was a patriarchal one, not a matriarchal one. That is, it was the family in which the man was the dominant leader which gave rise to all of the improvements that brought humanity out of tribalism and primitive societies into modern civilization. Improvements such as agriculture, mining, domestic animal husbandry, cities and all the forms of technology we are familiar with. By comparison, matriarchal societies remained in a Stone Age. Thus it is that sociologist Charles E. Corry argues that the erosion of patriarchal families, not just any family unit, is the main cause that is leading us into the fall (once again) of civilization. In agreeing with him, I do not mean that females are inferior, but that each has a unique ability: the male to build, provide for, and protect the family, the woman to bear children and care for them. Allow me to quote the famous line by Camille Paglia who said that "if we had waited for women to invent civilization we should still be living in grass huts." On the flipside it should be further observed, however, as Kenneth Minogue quips, that if we had waited for men (rather than women) to make life comfortable we should still be living in pigsties.
Because civilizations decline with a communal memory loss, nothing can be done to stop the reversal of morality. I was once taught about negative feedback when I studied electronics. This is a loop of energy which causes a downward swing in empathy in the system. The very same phenomenon occurs in declining civilizations. Those of us who notice the changes taking place can only hang on to our morals and try to draw as many as we can into our relatively better sphere of influence, and try and enjoy what is left of civilization.
But make no mistake; the new barbarians are now at the gates of western civilization. Multiculturalism in the West has opened the doors for them, and the growing hordes within are waiting with open arms for them. It is more than just the West; the global texture that civilization came so near to achieving is rapidly fracturing everywhere. It is not too difficult to see that the priorities, habits, preferences and desires of moral chaos are bridging the gaps across those gates. September 11, 2001 was not exactly a broken gate but it was a significant sign of the barbarians resolve.
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This 250mm flue pipe is made from stainless steel and has a black vitreous enamel. This 250mm pipe is generally used to come off the stove to go into the chimney. This item is available in different diameters to suit your stove.


IDL breakthrough technology provides high efficiency compact designs by integrating our motor technology into large diversity of applications such as fans, blowers, electronic coolers, HVAC systems, linear drives and etc. by making, at least some of the parts of these devices function as motor.
Creating a solution with IDL Motors' breakthrough technology opens a totally new perspective and innovative approach to solving your problems.
You are cordially invited to work with IDL experts to design a solution perfectly tailored to your specific application.
Our major advantage is our ability to combine multiple components into a single solution, where we control both the performance and the specification of the component to meet or exceed the desired characteristics.
As an example; for the possible improvements of the limited thickness electronic cooling devices we have developed the Ultra Thin Radial air module with the Ratio between Diameter and Thickness D/T = 10/1. In other words if you need a radial Impeller (Cross-flow or Centrifugal) 3 mm THK, so the Diameter of the Impeller could be 30 mm. And, we do have the right Geometry of the blades and casing for that. According to our tests the known Geometry is not sufficient enough.
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The Verus Perspective
Manager Research
Quarterly Investment Landscape
Sound Thinking
Annual Outlooks
Capital Market Assumptions
Capital Markets Update
ABOUT VERUS
Shelly Heier
Shelly Heier, CFA, CAIA
President & Chief Operating Officer
A shareholder of the firm since 2007, Ms. Heier is an integral part of the firm's leadership, serving on the Verus board of directors and management committee. In addition to overseeing the broad investment division, human resources and legal services, Ms. Heier provides investment consulting services to a handful of clients, including foundations, university endowments, and hospitals. She also serves as chair of the Verus alternative investments committee, which provides strategic guidance on research initiatives and vets investment manager recommendations.
Ms. Heier joined Verus in 2000 as a member of the manager research group and was responsible for investment manager and market research. She served as director of manager research from 2002 to 2005. She began providing consulting services to institutional investors in 2005. Ms. Heier is a frequent speaker at industry conferences, where she has presented on a broad range of topics such as capturing alpha from quantitative strategies and portfolio operations efficiencies.
Ms. Heier serves as a trustee on the board of her alma mater, University of Puget Sound. She is also active in numerous civic and industry groups, including the CFA Institute, CFA Society of Seattle, CAIA Association, Western Pension & Benefit Conference, and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center's Innovators Network. In 2012, Ms. Heier was recognized as a "40 Under 40" honoree by the Puget Sound Business Journal.
Ms. Heier graduated from the University of Puget Sound with a bachelor of arts (BA) in business and public administration with an emphasis in finance and a minor in economics. She earned the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) designation in 2001 and the Chartered Alternative Investment Analyst (CAIA) designation in 2011.
2019 October Capital Markets Update
Risk in Manager Selection
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The Verus Emerging and Diverse Manager Program is continuing support for emerging and diverse investment managers as an integral component of its manager research and selection process. For the second consecutive year, Verus is inviting qualified managers to participate in one-on-one meetings with its senior staff during its 2nd Emerging and Diverse Manager Diligence Days.
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Journey Excursions is India's leading travel firm, providing biggest affords on flights, vacation packages, cruises, ski holidays, last minute lodge offers, travel insurance coverage and rather extra. You'll have experienced one in every of these pop-ups your self, maybe at a smaller scale whereas cutting by means of a department retailer to enter a mall. Comprised of only some racks, the show is sort of a store within a store. Inside, a pulsing soundtrack might drown out the encompassing Muzak, while customized lighting illuminates the specialty mannequins and shows. At a larger scale, pop-ups can develop into huge undertakings. The Nike+ Run Club pop-up occasions allow you to test-run a 5K in their latest, knit sneakers—whereas sipping pressed juice throughout a dwell DJ set before customizing your personal pair on an iPad, subsequent to an irresistibly Instagrammable neon-gentle Nike swoosh. In instances like this, retailers foreground experiences worthy of capturing on a smartphone, urgent prospects to share them on social media. That sharing produces each immaterial worth for the person and brand exposure for the retailer.
One by-product of this aggressive, digital tactic is a surge of specialised apps for purchasing retail wares. Today, there are a plethora of subscription-based mostly companies that provide to obtain the freshest release of a given shoe or design (consult with the hashtag #cookszn ). Whether or not it's a subscription-primarily based web site or the impartial operation of 15-year-previous, retailers attempt to compete by streamlining their very own cell strategies with related features. Twitter or Instagram are most frequently used for product-launch announcements and requests, then Venmo for point of sale, forging a whole motion of social merchants" out of the infinite scroll of immaterial content. It's virtually like a virtual pushcart rolled as much as the social-media providers the place consumers' eyeballs spend most of their time anyway.
Years later, I discovered myself working as a retailer designer for Abercrombie and Fitch. I once helped facilitate the municipal approval of upgrades to the cameras on the Huntington Beach pier for Hollister's dwell-feed system, which now streamed California to suburbs all across the nation. I knew then what I hadn't as a young person in Ohio: Retail shops have become a number for experiences first, and buying things second—if at all.
Learn TU Automotive's article concerning the countdown to autonomous automotive deployment. Energi adalah elemen terpenting dalam kehidupan manusia, miliaran manusia setiap hari menggunakan energi terutama listrik untuk menunjang kehidupan dan melakukan pekerjaan. Namun demikian layaknya energi lain, listrik pun dapat habis sehingga manusia tidak hanya dituntut untuk menciptakan energi alternatif sebagai cadangan tetapi juga dituntut untuk melakukan penghematan secara global. The standard price when shopping for a model new car is round $35,000. For individuals who're available available in the market for a model new automotive, however your expectations do not match your checking account, do not stress simply yet. The consultants at Kelley Blue Ebook found the ten coolest cars which will be under $18,000.
In retail spaces, shopper consideration has shifted away from goods on racks and shelves, and towards smartphones and apps instead. In response, retailers face a growing want for elevated in-retailer experiences that seamlessly mesh with on-line platforms and net stores. The resulting retail mannequin appears to be like lots much less like previous notions of conspicuous consumption and much more like visible culture. Clients no longer kick the tires or shop till they drop. As a substitute they domesticate virtual feeds and inspiration boards.


Fertility treatments like IVF are priced like the medical procedures they are – but they aren't necessarily covered by insurance.
Calculating IVF cost can be complicated. That's because in vitro fertilization (IVF) and other fertility treatments are medical procedures. And since IVF is performed by experts and specialists it will have a corresponding price tag that insurance may or may not cover. Although costs will vary by region and clinic, the more invasive, involved, or complex the procedure is, the more expensive it is, generally.
"In vitro fertilization is when the eggs are removed from the ovaries and fertilized in an embryology lab. The embryos created are cultured to a multi-cell stage called a blastocyst, which is transferred back into the uterus," explains Tiffanny Jones, MD, a reproductive endocrinologist and fertility expert at Dallas IVF. The eggs can be fertilized with the partner's sperm or a donor's and returned to the patient's uterus or a surrogate's.
IVF is medicine – it's a medical procedure or procedures conducted by highly-trained doctors. Like any specialized treatment, it can be expensive.
It adds up – multi-step, complex treatments generally cost more; each procedure adds a discrete cost to the total.
It takes time and commitment – IVF is a two-week procedure, requiring consistent daily injections.
It may not work – it's an advanced treatment, but not 100%. Patients who have been struggling to conceive for years may pay an emotional price if the outcome is not a success.
However it's accomplished, IVF has costs associated with each step. For instance, collecting eggs to be fertilized requires injectable medications. Those drugs alone can cost $4,000 to $5,000 per cycle. Once harvested eggs may be fertilized with conventional insemination where eggs and sperm are placed in the same receptacle and allowed to do their thing. However, if the conventional method doesn't work, doctors may choose intracellular sperm insemination, or ICSI, where a single sperm is placed directly into a mature egg for fertilization. That can run from $1,000 to $2,000. There is also a technique called "assisted hatching," where the outer shell of an embryo is either chemically or mechanically broken to allow the embryo to "hatch" more easily. This is commonly done on eggs from older women or on embryos that were created from frozen eggs. This procedure also carries its own cost of around $450.
There are also office visits and ultrasound appointments to consider, possibly many, each carrying a price largely dependent on the provider. Additionally, some prospective parents may opt for genetic testing, which can be conducted before implantation and render amniocentesis unnecessary. This screening can range from $1,500 to $5,000 or possibly more, depending on the number of embryos and type of test.
IVF can get expensive quickly. Once everything adds up, the cost could easily reach $15,000. It is a specialized medical treatment, after all. Sometimes insurance covers the cost of the fertility treatment, but it varies by state and employer.
Money is a big consideration, but not the only one. IVF is a serious time commitment that can dictate a patient's schedule for a couple of weeks.
But this investment of time and money isn't the only cost. IVF is incredibly advanced, but it's not a sure thing. And this long process can take an emotional toll.


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Airport Islip - Long Island MacArthur Airport,NY
Islip - Long Island MacArthur Airport,NY
Long Island MacArthur Airport is one of the many airports in the U.S. state of New York. It is located on Long Island, near the town of Islip, which is also responsible for the management and operation of the airport.
URL: Islip - Long Island MacArthur Airport,NY (ISP)
Time zone: GMT -5
Service telephone: +1 631 467-3210
Address: Long Island MacArthur Airport, 100 Arrivals Avenue, Ronkonkoma, NY 11779, USA
Operating company: Town of Islip, New York
Parking: Yes, short-and long-term parking is available at a fee. l
Nearby cities: Bridgeport (42 km), Stamford (47 km), North Stamford (53 km), New Haven (59 km), Yonkers (69 km), New York (77 km), Jersey City (83 km), Waterbury (85 km), Paterson (91 km), Newark (91 km)
Directions by car: Interstate 495 to exit # 57 or Memorial Highway 27, taking exits # 49, 50 and 51
Stations: Long Island Rail Road trains to Ronkonkoma Train Station and then on the north platform catch the airport shuttle bus operated by Colonial Transportation.
Flight distribution on the days of the week: Monday (14.30%), Tuesday (15.70%), Wednesday (15.18%), Thursday (13.10%), Friday (14.64%), Saturday (11.32%), Sunday (15.77%)
Alternative spelling: Long Island-Islip-NY-Mac Arthur, Islip Airport, Mac Arthur Airport, Ислип - Лонг-Айленд, 艾斯利普 - 长岛 (纽约), イズリップ
Most popular destinations from Islip - Long Island MacArthur Airport,NY (Flights per week )
Orlando International Airport, FL (34, 15,38 %)
Baltimore-Washington International-Thurgood Marshall Airport, MD (31, 14,03 %)
Philadelphia International Airport, PA (24, 10,86 %)
West Palm Beach-FL (16, 7,24 %)
Boston Logan International Airport, MA (16, 7,24 %)
Tampa International Airport, FL (12, 5,43 %)
Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport, FL (10, 4,52 %)
Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport, GA (8, 3,62 %)
Fort Myers-Southwest Florida Reg-FL (8, 3,62 %)
Washington DC - Dulles International Airport, DC (8, 3,62 %)
other (24.44 %)
Top airlines (percentage of departures and arrivals)
Southwest Airlines (233, 48,34 %)
Frontier Airlines (115, 23,86 %)
Hopscotch Air (94, 19,50 %)
American Airlines (32, 6,64 %)
other (1.66 %)
The airport is 8 miles northeast of downtown Islip. Car drivers can reach the airport on either the Interstate 495 (Long Island Expressway) at exit # 57 or via the State Highway 27 (Memorial Highway), exits # 49, 50 or 51.
Rail passengers take trains from Manhattan Penn Station, operated by Long Island Rail Road to Ronkonkoma Train Station, then on the north platform take the Colonial Transportation shuttle bus. Transport is also available to and from JFK or LaGuardia Airport and include a further change at the Jamaica station in the suburb of Queens.
On Long Island the buses # 54, 57 and 59 operated by the Suffolk Transit System also serve the airport.
Airport code:
Latitude / Longitude:
40°47'42"N / 73°6'0"W
Altitude of runway:
Airlines:
Alternative airports:
Bridgeport-CT (BDR) 41 km
New Haven, CT (HVN) 55 km
White Plains-NY (HPN) 59 km
New York - John F. Kennedy International Airport, NY (JFK) 59 km
New York - La Guardia Airport, NY (LGA) 65 km
Danbury (DXR) 71 km
East Hampton (HTO) 73 km
New York Skyports Seaplane Base (NYS) 73 km
New York Ny-Newark Downtown Manhatt (JRB) 77 km
New York - Newark Liberty International Airport, NJ (EWR) 90 km


The Galleria boasts the second-highest visitor numbers of any UK outlet centre and with the third-highest trading potential, its fortunes were transformed by WD Ltd's innovative rescue strategy.
One of the first such centres in Britain, this 500,000 sq ft complex remains the only successful conversion from a retail to outlet structure and is an instantly-recognisable landmark in North London and the northern Home Counties.
When WD Ltd acquired it in 1993 for £10.5m, The Galleria was in receivership and perceived as a failed scheme. Managing director Peter Everest, however, was convinced it could become one of the country's major shopping centres.
The company devised a unique strategy that combined conventional retailing with the outlet format, increasing the centre's trading ability and making it more attractive to both shoppers and retailers.
Although no longer an investor, WD Ltd's expertise was recognised by the new owners and the company was retained as managing agent and asset manager for one year following the sale.
Now the second most-visited outlet centre in the UK, The Galleria in Hatfield is WD Ltd's greatest success story.
In 2005, The Galleria was sold to Land Securities plc for £122.5m – which was almost 12 times the original purchase price.


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Facebook Introduces Messenger As a Platform, Embeddable Videos, and More at F8
At Facebook's developer conference in San Francisco, the social media giant made a number of major announcements about enhancements to its existing products and services.
Among the talking points coming out of F8 is what the future of Messenger will look like, with the reports being true that it is indeed being turned into a platform.
Other announcements include new features for users to create and share videos, as well as new tools for developers which I'm not going to get into too heavily here.
Here is an overview of some of the key announcements coming out of the F8 developer conference so far.
Messenger as a Platform
Facebook officially launched its messenger platform, which will allow developers to integrate features from Messenger into other apps.
One of the ways this can be used is to help users connect more directly with businesses. A feature was demonstrated showing how you can order from an online retailer, then change the order or shipping details later via Messenger.
For more details, see Facebook's official announcement.
360-Degree Videos Coming to Facebook
It was announced that spherical, 360-degree videos will be coming to Facebook at some point in the near future. These spherical videos will also be brought to the Oculus VR platform.
Embeddable Facebook Videos
Videos uploaded directly to Facebook will soon be embeddable across the web. This also gives much more incentive for content creators to upload video directly to Facebook over a competitive video platform like YouTube.
Previously, videos uploaded to Facebook lived only on Facebook. With the ability to easily share those videos across the web, I think we're about to see video uploads on Facebook increase dramatically.
The F8 developer conference continue today, which can be live streamed at F8.com starting at 9am Pacific.
CategoryFacebook
How to Prepare for 5 Changes Coming to Facebook Messenger
Small Business Guide to Chatbots & Facebook Messenger Marketing
6 Features Every SEO Platform Should Incorporate


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Q: Data Tables is not working in PHP file in a table with contents read from text file I have used PHP to read data from a local file, and inserted it into a table with PHP. However, the table is formatted without the Data Table features, as shown:
[HTML table without Data Tables formatting...][1]
<!DOCTYPE html>

    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <title>Document</title>

    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://cdn.datatables.net/1.12.1/css/jquery.dataTables.css">

                Suburb
                Postcode
                Info

            <?php
                $file = fopen('data.txt','r');
                while ($line = fgets($file)) {

                    list($suburb) = explode(",", $line);
                    list($_,$postcode) = explode(",",$line);
                    echo "

                    " . $suburb . "
                    " . $postcode . "

";

                    }

                fclose($file);
            ?>

Help would be greatly appreciated, thanks!
[1]: https://i.stack.imgur.com/TMDu9.png

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Q: If str == 'value' evaluating as False when str is 'value' I have a list of stock tickers which I've scraped from the web and I'm trying to remove 'n/a' values from.
Here's a snippet of what the list looks like before trying to remove the values:
 ticker_list = ['BANR',
 'AUB',
 'HOPE',
 'INDB',
 'CVBF',
 'FFBC',
 'FRME',
 'TRMK',
 'n/a',
 'n/a']

So here is what I tried to run to remove those values:
for x in ticker_list:
    if x == 'n/a':
        ticker_list.remove(x)

This code partly works. It removes one of the n/a values, resulting in this:

['BANR',
 'AUB',
 'HOPE',
 'INDB',
 'CVBF',
 'FFBC',
 'FRME',
 'TRMK',
 'n/a']

I've also tried the following:
for x in ticker_list:
    if x.strip() == 'n/a':
        ticker_list.remove(x)

Also this:
for x in ticker_list:
    if 'n/a' in x.strip():
        ticker_list.remove(x)

In all cases, I get the same result. It removes just one of the n/a values, but one remains.
Is this some sort of encoding thing, or am I doing something dumb?
Thanks a lot for any responses!

A: The problem is: you are removing elements while iterating, and this is a "undefined behaviour".
You can achieve the same with a list compreension:
ticker_list = [value for value in ticker_list if value != "n/a"]

That's because it doesn't have a consistent operation with sequences since its backing iterator may try to move onto the next value and it may not exist anymore. For example:

*

*Removing from a list will ignore the last element:

def remove(values):
    for value in values:
        if value == 1:
            values.remove(value)

print(remove([1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 1])) # [2, 3, 4, 5, 1]

*

*Removing from a set will raise RuntimeError: Set changed size during iteration.

def remove(values):
    for value in values:
        if value == 1:
            values.remove(value)

print(remove({1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5})) # Won't work

*

*Removing from a dict will raise RuntimeError: dictionary changed size during iteration.

def remove(values):
    for key, value in values.items():
        if key == 1:
            del values[k]

print(remove({1: 'a', 1: 'b', 2: 'c', 3: 'd', 4: 'e', 5: 'f'})) # Won't work

*

*Removing from a collections.deque will raise RuntimeError: deque mutated during iteration.

def remove(values):
    for value in values:
        if value == 1:
            values.remove(value)

print(remove(collections.deque([1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]))) # Won't work

From all of these, just list fails silently. Python docs also notes that changing a list while iterating over it is unsafe:

It is sometimes tempting to change a list while you are looping over it; however, it is often simpler and safer to create a new list instead.