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Ohio's Steel Mill War: The Little Steel Strike of 1937
by Benjamin Blake
"The day of gunmen is ended."' This declaration by Phil Murray expressed the confidence felt by many labor leaders in the power of the new industrial union movement emerging in mid-1930s America. Murray's statement reflected both his experience with management violence against unions and his hope for a new future of peaceful collective bargaining. As an Irish Catholic immigrant coal miner in the early twentieth century, Murray knew first hand the brutal methods employers could use against the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA). However, as he rose through the ranks of the United Mine Workers to become President John L. Lewis' most important lieutenant, Murray accepted the union's peaceful collective bargaining methods. For the UMWA, the purpose of collective bargaining was securing a written contract with management covering wages, benefits and working conditions. However, both Murray and Lewis also shared a belief that national "bread and butter" bargaining could lay the basis for broader labor-management cooperation on a wide range of issues, including the regulation of industrial competition and the introduction of new technology. Moreover, they believed that there was no inherent connection between the interests of management and labor. Higher wages and better working conditions could go hand in hand with higher profits. In fact, through joint regulation of industry, management and labor could reverse the decline of the Depression and return America to prosperity. Moreover, Murray believed, "If American political democracy is to survive, we must succeed. We must have democracy in industry.
On June 17, 1936, Murray brought this perspective with him when Lewis appointed him chairman of the Steelworkers Organizing Committee (SWOC), a new union dedicated to organizing America's 550,000 steelworkers. This effort was part of the broader initiative aimed at creating a new federation of unions, the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO). The CIO's objective was to unionize all industrial workers, regardless of their skill level. This goal was at odds with the existing American Federation of Labor, which retained a traditional approach focused on organizing highly skilled workers. In pursuit of CIO objectives in the steel industry, Murray faced three major challenges, controlling a rank and file prone to militancy, a federal government that wanted to encourage unions, but discourage strikes, and a group of steel companies who sought to destroy SWOC. In May, 1937, all of these forces came together in a battle that would determine the future of the labor movement in America. The epicenter of this struggle was northeastern Ohio, with its major steel production centers of Cleveland, Canton, Massillon, Youngstown and Warren.
By this time, CIO rank and file activism by the rubber and autoworkers had led to major union gains in these industries, culminating in the sit-down strikers' victory over the notoriously anti-union General Motors in February, 1937. The steel industry was clearly the next theater of conflict in the CIO's campaign for industrial unionism. However, the rising strength of the CIO unexpectedly convinced the traditionally anti-union United States Steel Corporation, singularly known as Big Steel, that compromise was a wiser course of action than an all out war with the new union movement. Thus, to the great surprise of the union ranks, US Steel avoided a strike by signing a contract with SWOC on March 2, 1937. As news of the agreement spread, steelworkers celebrated throughout the nation. In Cleveland, a parade of several hundred automobiles drove through the flats' steel mill district loudly proclaiming the victory over Big Steel.
The first SWOC written contract with US Steel was quite modest. It guaranteed for six months the wages, hours, benefits and limited seniority rights which were already effect within the corporation. It confirmed a base wage rate of 52 cents an hour (adjusted for inflation, $6.80/hour in today's dollars), a 40 hour week, three holidays, a one week vacation after 5 years, and departmental seniority rights. However, formal recognition of the union by management meant that union stewards were now official shop floor representatives of workers. It also meant that the company agreed in writing not to harass or victimize union members. In addition, mill workers for the first time had an genuine grievance procedure. Consequently, after seven brutal years of the Depression, steelworkers now had hope for a better future.
Big Steel's surrender meant that SWOC gained instant credibility among the rank and file steelworkers throughout the industry. As membership cards poured into SWOC's Pittsburgh headquarters, Phil Murray was confident that the other steel companies would follow US Steel, their national leader in industry policy. However, just as it looked as if Murray's vision of peaceful industrial cooperation was about to be realized, it became increasingly apparent that the rest of the industry rejected US Steel's new approach to labor relations.
Leading these companies, collectively known as Little Steel, was Tom Girder, President of Cleveland-based Republic Steel Corporation. Girdler personified the tough cadre of steel managers who had transformed America's 19' century craft-based iron industry into the 20th century's most technologically advanced center for steel production. Trained as an engineer at Lehigh University, Girdler viewed unions as a deadly threat to the ability of steel management to run their business as they saw fit. For Girdler, unions had no right infringing on management's purgatives. Without absolute control, employers would not have a free hand to prefect the process of production and sustain technological innovation. This would in turn not only undermine the industry's leading position in the world, but it would also put an end to American technological progress. Consequently, American steel makers must rule their labor force with an iron hand. In Girder's words, "You can't relax authority and hope to keep it; neither in a home, a schoolroom, on a ship, in a factory, or a country.
From World War I through the 1920s, this philosophy guided Girder's management of the Jones and Laughlin Company's steel mill in Aliquippa, Pennsylvania. In fact, Aliquippa was a company town, which Girdler latter admitted he ruled as a "benevolent dictatorship," regulating all aspects of the lives of its steelworkers.' Aliquippa's Slavic residents even dubbed Girdler the "czar" of "America's Siberia." Union organizers were banned from Aliquippa, and any that dared to show their face were beaten by company police and summarily expelled from the city. Girdler also maintained a large number of steelworker informants and undercover agents, who reported any union activity to management Workers who persisted in union activities were fired from their jobs and expelled from company housing. The success of Girder's iron hand strategy was proven when Aliquippa was the only major northern steel center which did not join the national 1919 steel strike.' A decade later, Girdler brought this hard line management strategy over to the newly formed Republic Steel. As president of Republic, Girdler became nationally known for his favorite anti-union manifesto. "We won't sign a contract I have a little far-m with a few apple trees and before spending the rest of my life dealing with unions I [will] raise apples and potatoes."
When SWOC's campaign at Republic began to gain momentum in the wake of the US Steel agreement, Girdler acted swiftly. Over 1000 union supporters were expelled from Republic's Canton and Massillon, Ohio mills. One Republic supervisor bluntly told the locked-out workers that management intended to "starve them into submission." In response, local SWOC leaders hastily called union meetings. In no mood to delay action, the union ranks voted for an immediate strike aimed at shutting down all local Republic operations in solidarity with their locked-out union brothers. After the vote, and without gaining authorization from SWOC's national headquarters, hundreds of workers moved to set up picket lines at all Canton and Massillon Republic plants. Within a few hours, 13,000 Republic workers had downed their tools, beginning the latest steel strike since 1919." As one union official commented to the press, Canton and Massillon steelworkers had simply "took it upon themselves to call the strike," in a "spontaneous protest because of discrimination a against [union] men in Republic plants."
In response to the unauthorized Canton and Massillon walkouts, Philip Murray called a "war board" meeting of the union's two hundred Little Steel representatives. Going into the meeting, Murray faced the dilemma of how to present a cooperative attitude toward steel management, while at the same time, being democratically responsive to the militancy of the rank and file. Inside the conference hall, Murray faced union organizers demanding a national strike against the major Little Steel companies. They saw no reason for delay, given that Big Steel had signed a union contract Moreover, the scale of Republic's attack on the union at Canton and Massillon made an immediate response virtually inevitable. As Clinton Golden, SWOC eastern regional director, later recounted, "We had tried to avoid getting involved in strikes. We were, on the other hand, mindful of the spirit of the members, their attitude about these things, and I think we agreed that in the absence of any contract, and particularly with the knowledge of the Republic Steel Corporation's methods and policies toward the organization, that if some sort of action was not taken, the organization would be destroyed. I think that the members felt very strongly that way themselves." One Youngstown SWOC representative candidly put the situation this way, "We've had a hell of a time holding the men in. If I go back without word to go out at 11 o'clock tonight, I will get my throat cut." Fortunately for this delegate, the conference voted unanimously for an immediate national strike at three major Little Steel companies, Republic, Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company, and Inland Steel Corporation.
That night, May 26, 1937, thousands of steelworkers, their families and supporters crowded around the mill gates of northeastern Ohio to cheer the second shift workers as they came off the job. At the main gate of Republic's mill in Cleveland, over six hundred workers maintained a mass picket through the night. By daybreak, the huge mill, which normally employed 6500 workers, was a ghost town. As the first day of the strike processed, the tense atmosphere of the picket line eased into a holiday spirit as the success of the strike became apparent to the rank and file. In Ohio's steel towns, the strike was nearly one hundred percent effective. Only at the large Republic mill in Warren, did a significant number of workers cross the picket line. In Youngstown, the city police chief even tried to dampen the strike's holiday mood when he issued an official statement asking citizens to avoid the picket lines, advising, "'This is no time to go sightseeing. "
As the strike became a reality, Republic Steel hurriedly mailed off a pamphlet to its 55,000 workers that reiterated the company's traditional support for an "open shop." Under this policy, individual workers could join a union, but the organization would have no formal recognition, or bargaining rights with management Entitled, The Real Issues, the pamphlet accurately argued that SWOC's ultimate goal was a "closed shop" and a dues check off system in which all workers would be required to join the union and the company would deduct union dues from workers' paychecks. The pamphlet also accurately noted that Republic matched the wages and benefits of other steel makers. However, Republic's rather vague claim that it maintained "collective bargaining" with its employees was not accurate. Management refused to negotiate with SWOC representatives at any level of the organization, and employees had no formal grievance procedure. In fact, Republic's company union, or employee representation plan, had ceased to function by 1937 and is not even mentioned in the pamphlet Also absent is any discussion of the central issue of an federally supervised election to detainee the question of union representation. This is not surprising, given that Republic's lawyers were challenging SWOC's petition for just such an election on the very same day the pamphlet was mailed out. In any event The Real Issues had little impact as the vast majority of Republic workers who were quietly voting for the union with their feet."
The peaceful beginning of the strike was only marred by two incidents of violence, both by Republic Steel police. In Cleveland, a Republic police lieutenant, unfamiliar with the type of shotgun he was using to load, accidentally fired it, narrowly missing his commanding officer. In Canton, a more serious incident occur-red when a Republic policeman shot and seriously wounded a man whom he thought was a union militant leading an attack on a police guard shack- As it turned out, the man was foreman who was running away from a group of angry pickets."
These incidents illustrated the degree to which Republic had armed itself in preparation for the strike. Republic's management most feared a repetition of the auto and rubber workers' sit-down tactic in which company operations would be shutdown by union supporters occupying the mills. Shortly before the strike, in a speech given in Warren, Ohio, Tom Girdler had denounced the CIO's "labor racketeers," who were organizing 4&stonning parties," which were then traveling around America conducting sit-down strikes. In this way, according to Girdler, "a small militant group of workers, aided by outsiders, already close a plant and throw the majority of employees out of their jobs." For Girdler, these strikes had nothing to do with wages or working conditions. but were "conducted for political purposes."'
Consequently, to prevent Republic mills from being occupied, and to prepare for any possible violence during a strike, the company amassed one of the largest private arsenals in America. It was later revealed that the Republic Steel police force purchased the following munitions in the period leading up to the strike: 7855 tear and sickening gas grenades and shells, 105 guns for firing gas shells, 247 revolvers, 142 shot guns, 75,650 rounds of ammunition, plus 400 magazines for rifles. In addition, high powered Springfield and Winchester rifles were usually part of each Republic mills maga2ine, and a corps of '4 special men" were even equipped with Thompson machine guns. " When asked by reporters about the company's stockpile of munitions, Girdler simply responded, "Sure we got guns."
Republic's arms build up, along with the Canton incident, did not bode well for Phil Murray's hope for a peaceful strike settlement. In fact, Murray publicly charged that Republic was preparing a "reign of terrorism" against union members, and had given its police "shoot to kill orders. However, Murray's alarmist warning and call for the disarmament of Republic was ignored by public authorities given the fact that peace prevailed on the picket lines.
However, the quiet calm of the first few days of the strike was abruptly shattered on Memorial Day. In Chicago, over 1500 SWOC members and their families gathered to rally in a park a few blocks from Republic's south side mill. The crowd was in an angry mood given the support Republic was receiving from the Chicago police, a fact stressed by a number of union speakers. Toward the end of program, someone in the crowd yelled out a suggestion that the group should march to the mill. When the SWOC leader at the podium hesitated to respond to question, someone else shouted out that a vote should be taken. Caught off guard, the union speaker called for a voice vote and the crowd roared its approval. Soon, union supporters were forming up four abreast to march on the mill."
The goal of the SWOC marchers was to establish the right to mass picket in front of the mill. this question was critical for the Chicago SWOC because Republic had been able to sustain partial operations at their mill with 200-300 workers who opposed the strike. These workers were able to easily get to and from work because Chicago police had limited picketing to a handful of union men. In fact, Republic provided room, board, tear gas equipment and extra pay for a contingent of fifty Chicago police, who were permanently stationed inside the mill. As the SWOC march approached, this force, which was augmented by an additional 200 officers, formed a line across the marchers' path a short distance from the mill. With their route blocked, the marchers soon began pilling up into a larger and larger crowd in front of the police. At first, the protesters argued with the police, trying to convince them to let the march proceed. Soon the heated arguments degenerated into scuffles, and a few members of the crowd began throwing sticks and stones at the police. Suddenly, the police panicked and opened fire. One steelworker, later recounted, "I was in the war and I fought in France, but I never heard so many bullets as those coppers fired. Women and children were screaming all over the place. They were like a herd of cattle panic stricken. I ran till they got me. I saw one woman shot down and a policeman dragged her away ."
In the wake of the "Memorial Day Massacre, ten workers lay dead and over sixty were struggling to recover from gunshot wounds. For the union, this tragedy illustrated how difficult it was to maintain a peaceful, disciplined organization, while at the same time, remain democratically responsive to the militancy of the rank and file. In addition, this incident posed the question of how to counter public authorities that openly sided with management's efforts to break the strike. The Chicago police order limiting picketing was effectively defeating the strike. Moreover, the claims by the Chicago police that deadly force was justified because the marchers intended to invade the mill and attack the strike breakers working inside, and that their officers only opened fire in self-defense in response to gun fire coming from the union ranks, further worked to undermine SWOC's strike effort."
In banner news headlines immediately following the "Memorial Day Massacre," the police version of the event was prominently featured, despite the fact that there was no independent evidence to support the police claims. Republic Steel even prepared a public relations pamphlet that reproduced a collection of newspaper editorials condemning the union protesters and praising the police action. For example, one Chicago Tribune editorial labeled the SWOC marchers a "murderous mob," and congratulated the police, who were able to "control the situation with relatively little loss of life." Complementing the journalistic reaction to this incident, Tom Girdler expressed little sympathy for the dead. When asked by a reporter whether or not he thought the marches actually intended to enter the mill, Girdler sarcastically responded, "Maybe they were out to catch butterflies."
As the "Memorial Day Massacre" headlines faded away, both labor and management maneuvered to gain an advantage in the intensified struggle. While the strike had been peaceful in Ohio, Little Steel management used the Chicago violence to give credibility to its claims that only a small minority of union militants were using the threat of violence to keep the vast majority of workers from entering the mills. In typically blunt manner, Tom Girdler stated to the press that most Ohio operations were shut down because, "We feared it would lead to tremendous bloodshed if we tried to operate here. We want to avoid violence at any cost." Another high level Republic official, more candidly added, 44 when enough employees want to work, and can get to work safely," the company would re-open its mills. In the mean time, management did not want its workers to have to "wade through blood" to get to their jobs.
Behind Republic's strident rhetoric was the failure of the initial stages of its strike breaking strategy. Unlike the 1919 national steel strike, management public relations efforts aimed at winning over the middle class had not generated significant active opposition to the strike. In Warren, Youngstown, Massillon and Canton, company sponsored ad hoc citizens groups remained skeletal organizations, unable to mobilize a significant number of people to anti-strike rallies. In Cleveland, Republic did not even try to form such a public group. Similarly, Republic's efforts to revive company unions to promote a back-to-work movement proved unsuccessful. In Cleveland attendance at the meetings of the newly formed Republic Steel Corporation Employees Association actually declined as the strike progressed. At one of their meetings, typically packed with foreman and office employees, a resolution was even passed in sympathy with the victims of the "Memorial Day Massacre." This action could not have pleased upper-level Republic management."
More importantly, efforts to form squads of special deputies to escort workers through the picket lines also proved to be ineffective. In Youngstown. while this armed force of mostly deputized loyal company men grew to over three hundred and fifty, it never directly challenged SWOC's mass pickets. In Cleveland, Safety Director, Elliot Ness, prohibited company men from being deputized as special police for strike breaking duty. In contrast, Cuyahoga County Sheriff, Martin L. O'Donnell, a former Republic mill superintendent, did deputize a squad of over one hundred company loyalists, but they were never deployed against Cleveland picket lines.
The early failure of Republic's locally based strategy meant that management was forced to shift to the state level in its search for adequate forces to break the strike. While strike breaking was not very popular in state's steel communities, management knew that Ohio's Democratic Governor Martin L. Davey would be vulnerable to anti-union sentiment outside the state's strike zones. Calling out the National Guard to break the strike could be a shrewd political move for a governor who needed the votes of downstate moderate conservatives to stay in office."
With this shift in strategy, Little Steel management now wanted to meet with Governor Davey after having turned down earlier offers by the governor to arbitrate the dispute. In announcing his new mediation effort, Governor Davey presented a stance of neutrality, "The present developments and proposed actions by both sides are laden with gave possibilities with the ominous chance of rioting, bloodshed and loss of life. The state must be entirely impartial and respect the rights of all concerned. But we cannot risk the danger of preventable bloodshed in Ohio."
Recognizing the new situation, SWOC attempted to turn the governor's initiative to its advantage. Speaking publicly for the first time since the "Memorial Day Massacre," John L. Lewis, denounced Tom Girdler in typically graphic fashion as a "heavily armed monomaniac, with murderous tendencies, who has gone berserk," and must be "disarmed and restrained by the government before he turns the steel districts into a bloody shambles and looses all the pent-up forces of human passion."" In effect, this was a call for President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Governor Davey to send in the National Guard to protect the strikers, keep the mill shutdown, and force Little Steel management into a settlement.
In this atmosphere of militant posturing and maneuvering on both sides, it came as no surprise that Davey's mediation efforts collapsed. With no hope for a settlement at the state level, Davey requested federal intervention. President Roosevelt responded by ordering the establishment of a Federal Steel Mediation Board "to provide an additional means of accomplishing a reasonable solution to this controversy" in "the interests of industrial peace. From the bully pulpit, FDR also put pressure on the companies, telling reporters that common sense dictated that the companies should sip a contract. The next day, SWOC ran full page newspaper advertisements headlined, "PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT SAYS: 'The Strikers are Right."
In response to FDR's jaw boning, Little Steel management stiffened its stance in the Federal mediation sessions. US Secretary of Labor Francis Perkins's plea for a maintenance of the "status quo" was summarily rejected. It also quickly became apparent that management viewed the Steel Board as a public relations platform from which it could call for an investigation of the "reign of anarchy" and the "breakdown of law enforcement in the steel communities, rather than a forum for an actual strike settlement. 8 Girdler further turned up the rhetorical duel with Lewis with by explicitly red baiting the union for the first time, "Must Republic and its men submit to the communistic dictates and terrorism of the CIO? If America is to remain a free country, the answer is no."
Despite the extreme rhetorical battles between the SWOC leadership and Little Steel management, the strike in Ohio remained remarkably uneventful. In fact, to relieve the monotony of picket duty and demonstrate the continued support of the steelworkers' wives for the union, SWOC's women's auxiliary in Youngstown organized a "Women's Day" on the picket line. The event was not unusual in the steel communities. but marked a significant change from the past steel union practice of hiring women. At least part of the reason for this change in attitude was a product of the defeat of the 1919 national steel strike. In that strike, management had some success in appealing to steelworkers' wives to put pressure on their husbands to return to work. 'This time around, veteran steel unionists wanted to preempt any management sponsored back-to-work movement among steelworkers' wives.
However, SWOC's progressive attitude toward women did not sit well with Charley Richmond, a hard-nosed Youngstown city police captain who took command of that afternoon's picket detail. One SWOC member later recalled that shortly after coming on duty, Richmond stormed into SWOC's Republic office demanding, "I want them women off that picket line down there."' Unable to locate any union leaders, Richmond returned to the mill gate with a small contingent of police and ordered the women pickets to stop sitting on chairs and start moving in a circle. Richmond apparently peppered his command with comments to the effect that the picket tine was no place for women and that they should stay home where they belonged. Richmond's attitude did not go over well with the women pickets, who began arguing with the police captain. Richmond later claimed that the women refused to move and began "cursing at me, spitting at me, and screaming at me in their foreign tongue." In response, the police captain took the dangerous action of using tear gas on the pickets which included children, and at least one infant in his mother's arms. As the gas grenades exploded, the crowd of pickets scattered to escape the fumes.
In the ensuing melee, a growing crowd of angry union supporters gathered to confront the police. Outraged by the attack on the women and children, the crowd proceeded to beat a policeman who had become isolated from his fellow officers. Panicked by the crowd's violence, the main force of policeman opened fire from Republic's main gate. Immediately, several union supporters fell wounded, but surprisingly, the crowd did not flee the scene. It regrouped to reengage the police. From that point on, the confrontation escalated into an all out battle apparently fueled by a false rumor that the police had killed a pregnant steelworker's wife. As one union organizer later recalled, "When I got there I thought the Great War had started over again. Gas was flying all over the place and shots flying and flares going up and it was the first time I had ever seen anything like it in my life..." Captain Richmond later described the scene in these words, "Things would be quiet for a few minutes, and then spasmodic firing of pistols and revolvers and rifles would start up. The crowd would start for us, and we were forced to use gas to drive them back again."
As the battle continuing through the night, local SWOC leaders risked their lives in an attempt to restore order and protect union supporters, many of whom arrived on the scene As SWOC organizer, John Steuben, later recounted, "We made a series of attempts there - myself and others - to take the crowds up that hill on Powersdale, because it was a very dangerous situation; in fact, it just looked like civil war."' In addition, SWOC organizers frantically tried to get the authorities to call a cease-fire. However, their efforts met with no success, and the conflict continued to spiral out of control. As one SWOC member later recounted, "The shooting was going on, and I was standing right in front with bullets whizzing by my ears - - .. They were shooting the real stuff--bullets.... I said: 'Boys, we're all crippled up. Let's retreat.' Just then I saw a fellow reaching down for his handkerchief; the gas was bad. A bullet hit him. I heard him gurgle."' Two young strikers then carne to the aid of the wounded John Bogovich as blood poured from his neck. As they attempted to get him to safety, the men carrying Bogovich were forced to the ground three times to avoid new volleys of police gunfire. Unfortunately, their efforts were in vain. Bogovich died on the way to the hospital.
As word of the shooting of Bogovich spread through the neighborhoods surrounding Youngstown's steel mills, the battle intensified further. In fact, according to a police radio log, the strikers began returning police gunfire about a half-hour after Bogovich was rushed from the scene. By dawn, John Steuben was able to negotiate a peaceful withdrawal of the law enforcement forces. As the last officers left the scene, SWOC organizers gathered the remaining 200 union supporters for a debriefing. Addressing the assembled crowd, John Steuben declared, "Although we were completely unarmed, we stood our ground. Girdler can add one more to his bloody list. We are pledging ourselves to fight to the last drop of blood until we win this strike." The group of exhausted union activists then paused for a moment of silence for their dead."
For the union, the "Women's Day Massacre" was not only a tragedy, but it once again illustrated how peaceful protest could unexpectedly explode into to violence. For John Stueben and Bob Burke, SWOC's two most important Youngstown organizers, it was a bitterly frustrating experience. After twenty-five exhausting days of maintaining disciplined and highly effective mass picket lines, the two militant unionists, both Communist Party members, were unable to contain the rage of the rank and file in the face of an unanticipated police provocation. While the steelworkers fought the police to a standoff, it was a pyhric victory. Republic was not trying to move strikebreakers or supplies into the mill at the time of the battle. Moreover, while sympathy for the strikers may have increased within Ohio's steel communities, management's case that SWOC was a violent organization gained more credibility downstate state, and Little Steel was in a stronger position to lobby the governor for National Guard intervention to reopen the mills. Little Steel pressed its advantage by announcing that it planned to re-open the Youngstown mills.
With a massive battle brewing, Governor Davey placed a last minute telephone call to President Roosevelt to discuss deployment of the National Guard. According to Davey, FDR approved the action as "very fair and proper." Immediately, the Governor mobilized 5,000 Ohio Guardsmen. In justifying this action, the Governor issued a proclamation declaring that "minor riots have occurred and a most serious riot is threatened." He went on to assert that "local peace officers will be wholly unable to cope with the situation." Therefore, "in order to prevent riots bloodshed and possible loss of life," the National Guard would be deployed to maintain the "status quo." This amounted to a declaration of martial law in Youngstown.
On the morning of May 25th, the first contingent of National Guard troops began arriving in the city. To their surprise. the Guardsmen were welcomed with open arms by most of the union's ranks. A Guard intelligence report even noted a "consensus of feeling, all very friendly to O.N.G. troops." On the surface, it appeared as if Davey was keeping the mills closed to the benefit of SWOC. In this situation, the Governor's proclamation severely limiting SWOC picketing did not concern the union. In fact, John L. Lewis personally requested the withdrawal of pickets from the mill gates. This impression of an apparent pro-union stance by Davey was reinforced by Little Steel's furious public reaction to the Governor's order. Youngstown Sheet and Tube's Purnell indignantly asked, "What right has the Governor to keep men from going to work?"
However, a series of actions by the Guard did not bode well for the union. A limit of ten pickets per gate was strictly enforced, and the martial law forces arrested at least 160 Youngstown unionists. Night raids were conducted on the homes of union supports resulting in the jailing of both husbands and wives. On the picket line, one striker was even arrested for carrying a concealed fork. As John Steuben later recalled, "I don't know one organizer who was not arrested three or four times during that period." Many were detained indefinitely, incommunicado and without arraignment on specific charges. The union's lawyers were even having trouble initiating habeas corpus proceedings.
Despite the anti-union actions by the National Guard, Phil Murray declared that Governor Davey's "timely intervention to maintain peace, I know is appreciated by all right-thinking citizens." Murray continued, "The governors of three states and the President of the United States have stated that they believe the corporations have a moral obligation to sign contracts. The issue has been becluded by filthy poppycock and ballyhoo about violence. People who propagate such talk have the purpose of throwing a smoke screen over the issue. Why is blood spilled? Why are people murdered and children gassed? Because these corporations are brazen in their efforts to frustrate a federal statute. They precipitated the strike. We resorted to every possible means, conferences and the application of reason and intelligence, in the hope of composing our differences without need of a strike."
While Murray was trying to get a message out to the public on the reasonableness of SWOC's approach, Little Steel management staged a walkout of federal mediation efforts. An official management statement to the board fired a new volley of rhetoric against the union, declaring, "Clearly no responsible business concern should be expected to enter into contractual relations with an organization whose record shows persistent disregard of contracts and flagrant violation of the laws of the land and intimidation of public authorities to prevent the enforcement of those laws." Moreover, "if the public authorities will in the discharge of their duties, use their power as they are in good faith bound to do, and will afford protection to those of our employees who manifest a desire to work under the established working conditions, the strike will be over tomorrow."
The next day, that was exactly what happened. When Little Steel management refused to further participate in the federal mediation efforts, the last chance for a settlement was exhausted. In fact, the management walk out prompted Davey to immediately order the re-opening of the mills under National Guard protection. The Governor justified his action with this official declaration, "Government must not abdicate its sovereign powers and responsibilities to any who challenge its existence. The right to work is sacred.... Those who want to return to their employment shall enjoy that privilege without being molested... The safeguarding of our liberties individually and collectively is a priceless heritage for our children and the millions of future Americans yet unborn."
Davey's sudden reversal caught the SWOC leadership completely by surprise. As one angry picket declared, "That guy Davey certainly gave us the double-cross."' Consequently, the strike rapidly disintegrated as the SWOC leadership was unable to mount an effective counter response to Davey's action. With the picket lines too small to be effective, the rock solid face of the strike collapsed as thousands of steelworkers returned to work. As one immigrant steelworker firmly observed, "The CIO, she blow up."
As the Youngstown mills rapidly geared up to full operation, the National Guard successively shifted forces to Canton, Massillon, Warren and then Cleveland, completely breaking the strike in all locations by mid-July. Stunned SWOC organizers could only stand by helplessly as the strike went down to defeat. Adding to this shock was President Roosevelt's Shakespearean verdict on the strike. A few days after the strike had been broken in Youngstown, FDR told reporters that his attitude to SWOC and Little Steel management amounted to, "A plague on both your houses."
However, SWOC's Little Steel defeat was not fatal. Unlike the devastating defeats of the 1892 and 1919 strikes, the rank and file did not return to the millls demoralized and divided among themselves. The 1937 strikers had not been divided by ethnicity, race or skill. They had struck together as a group and returned to work as a group. Moreover, they returned knowing that the union was not destroyed. but retained its base at US Steel. They had fought and lost a major battle, but the war was not over. As one reporter noted, the returning workers showed "little sign of the 'whipped dog' attitude, and the repercussions from the strike, judging by comments, will last long."
Ironically in the immediate wake of SWOC's defeat, Republic's main strategy for preventing a revival of the union actually backfired. By mid-July, as the National Guard finished withdrawing from Ohio mill towns, SWOC estimated that 5000 Republic workers were not being re-hired by the company and put on a blacklist banning them from employment in the industry. However, unlike the 1919 strike, when most blacklisted workers sought new jobs outside of the industry, SWOC militants in 1937 remained active in the union. Sustained by union soup kitchens and encouraged by CIO lawyers who battled in the courts to get their jobs back, blacklisted SWOC members continued to operate symbolic picket lines even as Republic's mills returned to normal operations.
A few days after the National Guard withdrew from the city, Cleveland SWOC even felt strong enough to attempt to "re-strike" the Republic mill. In a union meeting on July 21, workers voted to re-establish mass picket lines. On the following Monday morning, SWOC supporters gathered at Republic's main gate in an effort to turn back the day shift. Reinforced by CIO members from other Cleveland plants, the picket swelled to several hundred workers. Consequently, very few cars carrying day shift workers made it into the mill, despite a heavy presence of Cleveland police.
To counter this move, Dewey Jones, captain of the Republic Mill police, dispatched a squad car of patrolmen to escort a carload of African American strikebreakers through the picket line. This was a provocative move, given that these black workers had been recruited in Alabama and brought up to Cleveland to help break the strike. This tactic by Republic's police contrasted sharply with SWOC efforts to keep racial tension out of the strike. Three weeks earlier, the Republic locals of SWOC and the Communist Party had jointly sponsored a meeting to reinforce African American support for the union. At the meeting, black steelworkers were elected representatives to all major strike committees. The tone of the meeting was one of unity, with SWOC organizer, James Quinn, declaring, "steel bosses can no longer break strikes by playing white against the black in order to divide workers." Now, Republic's police force was making a concerted effort to instigate racial tension on the picket line as part of a larger strategy to counter SWOC's attempt to re-strike the company.
Republic policeman, Jack Moran, later remembered, "I told the colored fellows to go through them people [the pickets] regardless." As the carload of African American strike breakers headed for the mill, Bill Johnson, the driver of the lead car, later testified that, "All the way down to the plant the Republic police, who followed us in a Packard, kept honking the horn and urging us to go faster." As the car approached the Mill gate at a dangerously high speed, a crowd of a several hundred pickets scattered to avoid being hit. Moran later explained what happened next, "The colored fellows hit a fellow and knocked him at least 20 feet in the air, turning a complete somersault and coming down on his head and rolling about eight or ten feet, and I thought the fellow was dead." Although, SWOC member Thomas Glowaclad was knocked unconscious with multiple injuries, including a broken kneecap, he survived.
After that early morning incident, tension on the picket lines remained high, with workers sporadically stoning the few dozen cars that entered the mill. However, this violence did not take on a racial character. Black workers participated in the battle on both sides of the picket line, and unlike the 1919 strike, African American strikebreakers were not targeted for special violence. For SWOC organizers like James Quinn, the real problem was how to regain control of the picket line. Quinn later remembered the difficulty he had maintaining discipline among the strikers. At a meeting, picket organizers "had explicit orders from me that day, twenty or twenty-five, not to do any rock throwing, but there were those people circulating through the picket lines and egging them on all the time." One such person was Carl DePaul, arrested by Cleveland police just as he was about to throw a large rock at car driving into the mill. DePaul, who had joined SWOC and attended many union meetings, was later identified as an undercover Republic policeman. This meant that Republic was not only encouraging carloads of workers to charge through the picket lines, but that its agents were actually leading some of the attacks on the workers trying to get into the mill.
As Quinn and other SWOC leaders continued their efforts to restore order, a major new clash erupted when company loyalists reported for the afternoon shift. After being released by the Cleveland police, DePaul, returned to the picket line to help spark new attacks on cars entering the mill. Fueled by the genuine anger at the earlier incident involving Glowacki, pickets now pelted cars entering the mill with large stones and pieces of slag. Not surprisingly, tragedy struck a second time. As Republic foreman, Fritz Swanson, tried to run the gauntlet of pickets, he panicked and lost control of his car as it was being hit by various debris thrown by pickets. In an instant, he swerved into the picket line hitting SWOC member, John Orecny. As a horrified crowd of pickets watched, Orecny was dragged over 100 feet as his body was mangled in the front wheel well of Swanson's car. Orency died almost instantly.
From that point on, few company men tried to enter the mill. However, an angry Dewey Jones began revising his strategy for countering SWOC's re-strike. The Republic police captain concluded what was needed now was an all out offensive to finish SWOC off. In the early evening, rumors began to surface that the company planned to attack the union soup kitchen a few blocks up Broadway Avenue from Republic's main gate. As this rumor drew pickets away from the mill gates, Jones assembled a combined force of about 200 strikebreakers and plain clothed company police, and equipped with freshly machined clubs from the company's wood shop. Addressing the crowd, Jones told his paramilitary force what he had in mind for the SWOC supporters, "Try and take them by surprise and do it as quick as you can, and really lay the wood on." Jones added, "We are sending every God damn one of these guys to the hospital."
As contingents of Jones' force left the various gates of the mill, many SWOC pickets were caught off guard. One SWOC member recalled over hundred men marching out the main gate chatting, "LET'S KILL THE CIO!"" Jones' force then proceeded to bum the SWOC tent, turnover a striker's car and beat everyone in sight. At another gate, one striker was beaten so badly, "They thought he was dead, so they rolled him down the embankment."' Soon, the emergency room of the nearby St. Alexis Hospital began to fill up with dazed and badly beaten SWOC members.
As Jones' squads returned to the safety of the mill, the large crowd of SWOC supporters, who had gathered in front of the soup kitchen, now rushed down Broadway in a belated attempt to come to the aid the pickets at the mill gate. At this point, Jones re-grouped his forces and diverted them through the mill to attack the soup kitchen from behind. James Quinn remembered standing in front of the kitchen thinking how vulnerable it was to attack with virtually all of SWOC's forces down the hill toward the mill gates. Suddenly, he looked up a saw a large force of company men marching four abreast right toward him. While he managed to duck into a nearby garage, the handful of SWOC activists in the soup Kitchen were not as lucky. Nineteen-year-old Rosana Artino remembered that she was just about to serve coffee to a number of injured SWOC members, when the company men came smashing through the front door and picture windows. Artino heard someone yell, and run, but, "Before I had a chance, someone picked me up by the hips and threw me out the window over sink." Luckily, she only sustained minor injuries. However, after the attack, the company force proceeded to beat anyone who got in their way as they marched back to the mill. Once inside, Jones told the men congratulated the men on a "nice clean job well done."
The next day, Cleveland's newspapers reported the scale of the violence. Eighty SWOC members or innocent bystanders were treated for injuries at St. Alexis. An additional fifty persons were injured, but not treated at the hospital. About a dozen union supporters were arrested, mostly for confrontations with city policemen. However, not a single company loyalist was arrested. Nonetheless, Safety Director Ness acquiesced to company requests to impose a new ban on mass picketing, effectively ending SWOC's re-strike effort. Within in three weeks, even symbolic picketing died out.
Surprisingly, this defeat of SWOC's last stand against Republic did not destroy the union's campaign in Little Steel. Even blacklisting and long-term unemployment did not break the spirit of many union men. Ed Beck, a blacklisted Youngstown SWOC organizer, remembered paying union dues out of the money he earned on a government relief job breaking "rock with a sledge along with hundreds of other young steelworkers." When the full force of the Depression returned in the fall of 1937, Beck recalled that workers who had crossed the picket line now faced a new situation, "a good many of those people had gone back to work with promises form the company that they were going to be the 'fair-haired' boys and the company was going to take good care of them. Then, [when the Depression returned] they came out to work and break rock along with the rest of us, they were ready to agree with us union people."
When the economy recovered under the impact of the World War II, SWOC emerged even stronger than it had been at the beginning of the Little Steel strike. In 1942, fearing a return of the spirit of 1937, and under intense government pressure to maintain war production, Little Steel management surrendered without the formality of a representation election. Republic was even forced to pay over $20 million in back pay for workers it had blacklisted in 1937. However, Tom Girdler did not retire to his potato farm, but rather to remain a captain of the steel industry.
In the end, SWOC won the war with Little Steel, but the cost was high. The CIO never regained the energetic spirit it had in early 1937, and was forced to divert huge resources into maintaining the Little Steel campaign rather than expanding into new areas of organizing. Within manufacturing, Republic's short ten-n success stiffened some employers' resistance to the CIO. At the same time, a number of AFL unions reinvented themselves as industrial organizations and gave the CIO new competition. Under these difficult circumstances, Phil Murray, now president of the CIO, would try in vain to use the leverage of World War H to rekindle his vision of industrial democracy. Facing these forces, the CIO would be critically reshaped back toward a more modest perspective of "bread and butter" unionism, which would become the mark of its success in the post World War II years.


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Home | Business in Action | October 11 | Novotel Toronto Centre
Novotel Toronto Centre
Business focused hospitality
The success of Novotel Hotels stems from French-based hotel brand Accor Hotels.
Coming to Canada in 1987, Novotel opened its first location in Mississauga, Ont., followed by three others throughout the Greater Toronto Area. In quick succession within an 18-month period, Novotel established four locations in the GTA as well as a branch in Ottawa and two in Montreal, offering a good marketplace presence for the brand.
Future expansion throughout Canada, in locations such as Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Winnipeg, Quebec City, and Halifax, is also considered a viable option.
Novotel has successfully combined contemporary French-style elegance with a focus on upscale business. Novotel provides a range of modern hotels, and a wide range of products to meet the demands of all its business customers. Accordingly, Novotel has situated most of its properties in city centres and central business districts.
Janak Bhawnani, General Manager of Novotel Toronto Centre, emphasized the philosophies that have steered Novotel to success.
"Novotel offers a clean, no frills, business-focused, contemporary, service-based environment," Bhawnani commented.
Meeting rooms for clients are a big focus at Novotel, structured for customer ease. Novotel takes care of it all, from arrangements, to refreshments, to room requirements. Added Bhawnani, "It's what we pride ourselves on. Our meeting rooms have whiteboards, screens, televisions or LCD projectors, coffee, and everything that goes along with this."
An added feature is that Novotel renovates its hotels with sustainability and the environment in mind. Meeting rooms with large windows allow for plenty of natural light to enter business settings.
Internet and mobile connectivity are also of great importance to Novotel and its customer base. Today, Novotel in Canada runs exceptional connectivity performance through all of its hotels, and fibre optic connections where available.
Novotel's focus on sustainability has been certified by EarthCheck, an Australian-based program that follows stringent sustainability policies. The goal for Novotel is to have all of its worldwide hotels EarthCheck certified by 2013.
"EarthCheck audits you on site, unbeknownst to you, and only then can you get certification. Prior to this, it takes one year of good environmental practices within each building to be able to arrive at EarthCheck's certification," Bhawnani summarized.
Novotel focuses on good environmental practices and contributes to sustainability in many forms, a focus which also contributes to Novotel's marketplace competitiveness. Most companies prefer to work with companies of a similar mindset, something that Bhawnani feels truly comes into focus when discussing 'go green' initiatives.
"When we sign contracts, a lot of companies will send addendums asking us what kind of environmental programs we have," Bhawnani commented.
Staying at Novotel pays. Le Club Accorhotels (formally known as A-Club), the customer loyalty program offered by Novotel, is lucrative to clients, who are able to "earn and burn" points quickly. With client information already on hand, Le Club Accorhotels also offers bonuses like express check-in. Bhawnani added, "Customer relationship management is one of our prime focuses. [Le Club Accorhotels] is something we are really proud of and most of our clients—over 7 million worldwide—have signed up, so we are very happy with the plan."
Company loyalty is also evident with Novotel staff, many of whom have been with the company since Day 1. For the past two years, and a candidate again for 2012, Novotel has been recognized as a Top 50 employer in Canada, another contributor to the company's competitive edge. Bhawnani summarized, "Our employees are our greatest asset."
"What also gives us a competitive edge is the fact that we are constantly spending money in all our hotels, constantly updating them, whether we're putting in fibre optics, or renovating our bedrooms, renovating our lobbies, and of course continuously training and motivating our team members. It always about finding the next thing that our guests will like."
Economic slide
"When the economic slowdown happened, one of the first things people cut was travel," Bhawnani explained. "Or, if people were staying in 5 Stars, they started staying in 4 Stars or 3 Stars. [The recession] hurt our business tremendously; we were really adversely affected in 2009, as was every other business."
Thankfully, Novotel has seen a bounce back in 2010 and 2011, following 2008's record year for hospitality.
However, a higher value Canadian dollar has also taken its stake in the hospitality industry. In the past, a cheaper Canadian dollar allowed more foreign travellers to enter the country and spend their money, however, that scenario is less frequent today. Still, the coming year looks positive for Novotel, as the company plans to build on its success, not to mention its exciting sustainability measures.
"Our business model is clearly set. The next step is to revitalize our brand portfolio and to share unique expertise with our franchisees. In the spirit of conquest, our development plan is our ambition in the global hotel industry that will take us to the next level."
www.novotel.com
Reality check TV – Gail Vaz-Oxlade fixes finance fiascos
Alex Carrick: In hard times, the fault line in our finances may reside in our homes

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Beth Israel Synagogue is a historic Carpenter Gothic style Orthodox synagogue located in Edenbridge in the rural municipality of Willow Creek, near Melfort, Saskatchewan, Canada. The Edenbridge Hebrew Colony was founded in 1906 by Jewish immigrants who came from Lithuania via South Africa. Completed in 1908, the synagogue's wooden frame exterior, steep pitched roof and end lancet windows are typical of the plain Carpenter Gothic style buildings built by other religious groups in Saskatchewan and the rest of rural North America during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The elegant interior, however, reflects the Eastern European roots of the Orthodox congregation. Today Beth Israel is the "oldest surviving synagogue in Saskatchewan."

Beth Israel Synagogue, including its adjacent cemetery, is a  municipal heritage site as designated by the Rural Municipality of Willow Creek  on September 10, 2003." The plot of land was donated in 1987 to the Saskatchewan Wildlife Federation.

See also
 Little Synagogue on the Prairie
 History of the Jews in Canada
 Oldest synagogues in Canada

References

External links
 International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies - Cemetery Project: Saskatchewan: Edenbridge
 Little Synagogue on the Prairie: p. 16: Saskatchewan

1908 establishments in Saskatchewan
Carpenter Gothic synagogues
Synagogues in Saskatchewan
Carpenter Gothic buildings in Saskatchewan
Cemeteries in Saskatchewan
Heritage sites in Saskatchewan
Jewish cemeteries in Canada
Lithuanian Canadian
Lithuanian-Jewish diaspora
Willow Creek No. 458, Saskatchewan
Synagogues completed in 1908
South African Canadian
South African-Jewish diaspora
20th-century religious buildings and structures in Canada

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Today, February 6, 2019, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau proposed to rescind various provisions of its November 2017 Final Rule governing Payday, Vehicle Title, and Certain High-Cost Installment Loans ("2017 Final Rule"). The Bureau proposes to rescind the 2017 Final Rule's ability to repay and underwriting requirements. The Bureau also proposes to rescind certain exemptions, definitions, reporting, and recordkeeping requirements related to those ability to repay and underwriting provisions. This proposal is related to another proposal, published separately, seeking comment on whether the Bureau should delay the August 19, 2019, compliance date for these portions of the 2017 Final Rule. The Bureau also released a table of contents for this proposal along with an informal redline showing the proposed changes.


There's a formula for making people cry and this movie seems to be the ultimate attempt to do so, plus it's jam-packed with nerd icons that haven't really made it on their own, including alumni from Game of Thrones, Harry Potter, The Hunger Games, Doctor Who, and more. Will the formula work though?
Will Traynor (Sam Claflin) was hit by a motorcycle and paralyzed from the neck down. Before this, he was a successful and charming businessman, as well as an adventurous worldly thrillseeker. So being confined to the chair isn't his cup of tea. Did I mention his family is rich? They hire a nearby woman to come and help cheer him up, named Louisa (Emilia Clarke). Will the cheery girl be able to sway the grump? We also have Will's parents (Charles Dance and Janet McTeer), Louisa's sister (Jenna Coleman), and Louisa's boyfriend (Matthew Lewis, Neville from Harry Potter).
The main draw for a movie like this is to see two people fall in love. So does the chemistry between Claflin and Clarke work? I think so, yes.
Emilia Clarke is quirky and fun and generally likable (though maybe a little annoying at the beginning). She quickly grows on you though and it's a much better display of her acting chops than Terminator: Genisys was. The standout here though is Sam Claflin, who I really only know as Finnick in The Hunger Games films. This is a tough role and one that could be easily overdone. I thought his subtlety (and the subtlety of the writing) was refreshing, as small moments and looks showed us a lot of depth. Together, they had an incredible chemistry and enough to satiate most rom-com fans.
Aside from the chemistry between the leads, the next thing on your checklist is going to be "Am I going to cry?" That's what we want, when we see movies like this. I teared up during the trailers, I knew this movie would be a cryfest.
And it was. Some moments were small, like one-liners from Claflin that make your heart sink. Other moments were big, like you would expect. Punches to the gut that make you sob. It's an emotional roller coaster in all the right ways.
This movie is nowhere near perfect. While yes, it is an emotional rollercoaster, it also denies you a few big moments. You cry because it's sad but it lacks those big heartfelt punches, especially in the film's climax, as it skips over what could've been the most impactful moment of the story.
I also found the writing and direction to sometimes be overly cheesy, meaning that the audience would laugh at moments that were not intended to be funny. Quite a few times this happened, which really takes you out of the experience. I'd recommend trying to see this movie at an odd time, to avoid the big crowds. Or just wait until DVD, so you can cry on your own terms in your own home.
Also, I found the music choices to be somewhat odd and inconsistent. It was all huge top 40 love ballads, including two by Ed Sheeran, but it often felt like a music video, rather than a movie. The songs would fade into each other, prioritizing actual licensed music over a traditional score. Sometimes this worked, other times the music felt too obvious and in your face, which (again) takes you out of the moment.
If you just want something romantic and kind of funny and something you can cry to, Me Before You will definitely do the job. It comes with some great performances by our leads, though some amateur decisions affect the overall product, such as glossing over potential emotional highlights, odd and disruptive music choices, and some moments that were a little too cheesy for most folks in the theater (so you may want to wait to rent this, for the full emotional impact). Not a great film, but it'll do the trick if you know exactly what you want from this movie.
This entry was posted in Movies and tagged adam ryen daniels, charles dance, emilia clarke, i am your target demographic, iaytd, janet mcteer, jenna coleman, matthew lewis, me before you, movie, movie review, movies, neville, review, reviews, rom com, sam claflin, will traynor. Bookmark the permalink.


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203818 sightings reported...
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Winston-Salem, North Carolina (United States)
Sighted on Sunday 21. December 2008
Reported on Sunday 21. December 2008
Shape: Oval | Duration: Undisclosed
Source: MUFON
I've been taking random pictures in front of my house, which faces NNW with a digital camera now for about two months. There was a lot of UFO activity at first, but for the past several weeks, nothing has shown up until today. I did not notice the object until I loaded the pictures on my computer. It is very obvious at the three o'clock position. If you zoom in on the object, it shows detail. There also appears to be a white round object near the right bottom just above the date.
Top 100 nearest sightings ordered by sighting date (100 miles radius):
Sighted on
Yadkinville, North Carolina (United States) 2020-06-13 Unknown 00:05:00
Siler City, North Carolina (United States) 2020-05-30 Triangle 00:00:08
China Grove, North Carolina (United States) 2020-05-06 Other 00:00:10
Concord, North Carolina (United States) 2020-04-28 Unknown 00:01:15
Concord, North Carolina (United States) 2020-04-28 Circle 00:01:00
High Point, North Carolina (United States) 2020-04-27 Egg 00:00:00
Mayodan, North Carolina (United States) 2020-04-08 Circle 00:15:00
Elkin, North Carolina (United States) 2020-04-06 Disc 00:02:00
High Point, North Carolina (United States) 2020-03-25 Sphere 00:12:00
Greensboro,Nc 2020-02-29 Circle 20 mins
Roaring River, North Carolina (United States) 2020-02-24 Disc 03:00:00
Danville, Virginia (United States) 2020-01-27 Triangle 00:45:00
Mount Airy, North Carolina (United States) 2020-01-23 Blimp 00:03:00
Davidson, North Carolina (United States) 2019-11-12 Sphere 00:00:10
Oak Ridge, North Carolina (United States) 2019-10-29 Cigar 00:03:00
Huntersville, North Carolina (United States) 2019-10-12 Circle 00:05:00
Elkin, North Carolina (United States) 2019-10-07 Circle 00:00:30
Galax, Virginia (United States) 2019-09-25 Circle 00:00:02
Mebane NC 2019-09-19 Sphere 2 hours
Conover, North Carolina (United States) 2019-09-07 Triangle 00:05:00
Uwharrie, North Carolina (United States) 2019-08-29 Circle 01:00:00
King, North Carolina (United States) 2019-08-13 Other 00:00:13
Greensboro, North Carolina (United States) 2019-04-24 Oval 00:00:03
North Wilkesboro, North Carolina (United States) 2019-04-21 Disc 00:18:00
Greensboro, North Carolina (United States) 2019-04-18 Square, Rectangular 00:01:10
Madison, North Carolina (United States) 2019-03-02 Unknown 00:04:00
Concord, North Carolina (United States) 2019-02-15 Star-like 01:00:00
Mebane, North Carolina (United States) 2019-02-01 Disc 04:59:00
Liberty, North Carolina (United States) 2019-01-24 Disc 00:03:24
Winston-Salem, North Carolina (United States) 2018-12-25 N, A 00:03:00
High Point, North Carolina (United States) 2018-11-06 N, A 00:14:00
Greensboro, North Carolina (United States) 2018-10-28 Star-like 00:00:10
Winston-Salem, North Carolina (United States) 2018-10-23 Triangle 00:20:00
Martinsville, Virginia (United States) 2018-10-05 Other 00:01:05
King, North Carolina (United States) 2018-08-24 Saturn-like 00:05:00
Lexington, North Carolina (United States) 2018-08-07 Circle 00:01:00
Concord, North Carolina (United States) 2018-07-03 Sphere 00:01:15
Harrisburg, North Carolina (United States) 2018-06-26 Sphere 00:00:03
Kernersville, North Carolina (United States) 2018-06-20 Sphere 00:04:00
Ridgeway, Virginia (United States) 2018-04-17 N, A 02:00:00
Charlotte, North Carolina (United States) 2018-04-17 Unknown 00:06:00
Denton, North Carolina (United States) 2017-12-28 Cylinder 03:00:00
Kernersville, North Carolina (United States) 2017-12-04 Circle 00:00:45
Woolwine, Virginia (United States) 2017-11-30 Circle 00:10:00
Galax, Virginia (United States) 2017-11-20 Other 00:00:03
Township of Taylorsville, North Carolina (United States) 2017-11-13 Fireball
Salisbury, North Carolina (United States) 2017-11-06 Sphere 00:00:10
Stokesdale, North Carolina (United States) 2017-10-20 Triangle 01:01:03
Martinsville, Virginia (United States) 2017-09-22 Sphere 02:00:00
Eden, North Carolina (United States) 2017-09-19 Circle 00:08:14
Kannapolis, North Carolina (United States) 2017-09-18 Other 00:05:00
High Point, North Carolina (United States) 2017-09-11 Cylinder 00:45:00
Statesville, North Carolina (United States) 2017-08-21 Sphere
Mebane, North Carolina (United States) 2017-08-21 Disc
Mebane, North Carolina (United States) 2017-08-21 Cylinder
Greensboro, North Carolina (United States) 2017-08-13 Sphere 01:00:00
Advance, North Carolina (United States) 2017-07-04 Disc 00:10:00
Ferrum, VA 2017-06-18 Cylinder 50 minutes
Axton, VA 2017-06-18 Diamond 30 seconds
Danville, VA 2017-06-17 Light 10 minutes
Thomasville, North Carolina (United States) 2017-06-06 Triangle 00:02:00
Salisbury, NC 2017-05-16 Light 30 seconds
Statesville, NC 2017-05-12 Fireball 45-60 seconds
Wilksboro, NC (United States) 2017-04-16 Twinkling lights Since the middle of 2016 till now
Taylorsville, NC 2017-04-12 Unknown Across the whole sky
Asheboro, NC 2017-04-12 Light 3-4 seconds
Statesville, NC 2017-04-11 Rectangle 5 minutes
Snow Camp, NC 2017-04-11 Disk ~5-10 minutes
High Point, North Carolina (United States) 2017-03-27 Circle 00:02:35
Thomasville, NC 2017-03-23 Light 1 hour
Danville, VA 2017-03-23 Circle ~1 minute
High Point, North Carolina (United States) 2017-03-22 Triangle 00:15:00
Mount Airy, NC 2017-03-12 Sphere 5 seconds
Concord, NC 2017-03-11 Light 5 minutes
Mt. Airy, NC 2017-03-11 Cigar 1 second
Greensboro, NC 2017-02-26 Unknown
Kannapolis, North Carolina (United States) 2017-02-23 Triangle
Siler City, NC 2017-02-19 Sphere 20 minutes
King, NC 2017-02-12 Sphere ~2 hours
Winston-Salem, North Carolina (United States) 2017-02-03 Circle 01:30:00
Trinity, NC 2017-01-28 Teardrop 3 hours+
Greensboro, NC 2017-01-26 Other 35 minutes
Greensboro, NC 2017-01-25 Formation 2 minutes
Greensboro, North Carolina (United States) 2017-01-24 Disc 00:00:11
Concord, NC 2017-01-17 Light 20 minutes
Greensboro, NC 2017-01-14 Unknown 5 minutes
Asheboro, NC 2017-01-13 Formation 1-2 minutes
Troy, NC 2017-01-12 Cylinder 20 seconds
Millers Creek, NC 2016-12-28 Other 5 minutes
High Point, NC 2016-12-06 Other
Reidsville, NC 2016-12-02 Light 15 minutes
Mooresville, North Carolina (United States) 2016-11-28 Unknown 00:00:05
Mooresville, NC 2016-11-28 Light ~5 seconds
Mebane, North Carolina (United States) 2016-11-26 Cylinder 00:00:15
Graham, NC 2016-11-24 Circle 53 seconds
High Point, NC 2016-11-17 Circle 10 minutes
Elba Township, Michigan
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Tuesday 25. August 2020
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Wednesday 27. May 2020
1737 17th St, Santa Ana, CA 92705, EE. UU.
Sunday 23. February 2020
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Saturday 16. November 2019
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Tuesday 26. March 2019
Sunday 24. March 2019
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Thomaston, CT (United States)
Thursday 27. December 2018
Martinsburg, WV (United States)
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Sunday 25. November 2018
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Eight of New Years Days' thirty three goals came at White Hart Lane as Tottenham hammered league leaders Chelsea 5-3. The Blues took the lead through Diego Costa's 14th league goal of the season; but two brilliant strikes from home grown striker Harry Kane, a goal from full-back Danny Rose and a penalty from Andros Townsend laid the foundations for Spurs' tenth league win of the season. Belgian Eden Hazard made it 4-2 before his compatriot Nacer Chadli re-established Tottenham's three goal lead with twelve minutes left to play. John Terry scored a late consolation for Chelsea, who conceded five goals in a Premier League game for only the third time. For Spurs, it was only the fourth time in their history that they had put five past their local rivals.
Manchester City moved level on points and goal difference with Mourinho's men after former Chelsea favourite Frank Lampard scored the winner against Sunderland at the Etihad. City took the lead just before the hour thanks to a thunderous strike from Yaya Toure before Montenegrin striker Stevan Jovetic doubled the home sides' advantage. For the second time in a week, though, Pellegrini's side were pegged back to 2-2, with two former players doing the damage for the Black Cats. Jack Rodwell headed home from a corner before Pablo Zabaleta wildly brought Billy Jones down in the box to earn Sunderland a penalty. Adam Johnson sent stand-in 'keeper Willy Caballero the wrong way from 12 yards to make it all square. Lampard came off the bench to head home a Gael Clichy cross and put his new side level at the top of the table with his former employers. The 36 year-old announced the day before that he would be staying with City until the end of the season.
Stoke City drew 1-1 at home to Manchester United and were somewhat unfortunate not to claim all three points. Former United academy player Ryan Shawcross volleyed home Peter Crouch's goal bound header after only two minutes to give the Potters the lead. Radamel Falcao equalized on 26 minutes to earn Louis Van Gaal's charges a point and extend their unbeaten run to ten games, while Stoke manager Mark Hughes was left fuming that a clear handball by Chris Smalling in the box was missed by referee Michael Oliver.
At St Mary's, Southampton recorded a comfortable victory over a disappointing Arsenal, who were left to rue defensive mistakes. Sadio Mane scored Saints' first after Gunners goalkeeper Wojciech Szczesny had gone AWOL, and the Senegalese strikers effort was helped over the line by the sprawling Per Mertesacker. More indecision from the Arsenal defence led to Southampton's second, Steven Davis' cross caused panic between the hapless Szczesny, Mertesacker and Matthieu Debuchy, before the Polish 'keeper toe poked the ball into the path of Dusan Tadic, who was left with an easy finish. Saints continue to be this season's surprise package, holding onto fourth place and Champions League football next season is still a real possibility.It was the Gunners fourth away defeat of the season, and one disgruntled fan confronted manager Arsene Wenger in the dug out before being swiftly ejected by stewards.
Hull City notched up a much needed home win against Everton to ease their relegation fears. Egyptian midfielder Ahmed Elmohamady headed Liam Rosenior's cross past Joel Robles in the Everton net before former Toffee Nikica Jelavic heaped more pressure on Roberto Martinez by lobbing the Spanish goalkeeper two minutes before half time. The Merseysiders have now lost 9 times this season, they only lost 8 games through the whole of last season.
Two Steven Gerrard penalties weren't enough for Liverpool to see off bottom of the table Leicester City at Anfield. Both penalties were very contentious, the first came as referee Mike Jones adjudged Raheem Sterling's cross had been blocked by the arm of centre-back Wes Morgan, however replays showed the ball clearly hit the 30 year-old in the face. Jones awarded Liverpool a second penalty for handball after Phillippe Coutinho hit the ball against Danny Simpson in the box. The MLS-bound Liverpool captain dispatched both spot kicks to put the Reds 2-0 up but the Foxes fought back in the second half. Liverpool born David Nugent scored a superb volley from the edge of the area to half the deficit before Jeffrey Schlupp struck home from twenty yards out to earn Leicester a share of the spoils.
John Carver was in charge of Newcastle for their 3-3 draw at home to Burnley. The Magpies led three times thanks to goals from Steven Taylor, Jack Colback and Moussa Sissoko as Carver took temporary charge in the wake of Alan Pardew's departure to Crystal Palace. Danny Ings, George Boyd and a Phil Dummett own goal were enough to earn the Clarets a second away draw of the week.
Pardew's new side eeked out a goalless draw away at Aston Villa, who have scored just 11 goals in their 20 Premier League games so far this season. The point for the Eagles means they stay in the relegation zone, just one point off safety.
West Brom claimed a point away at West Ham with new manager Tony Pulis watching on from the stands. Diafra Sakho put the Hammers ahead on ten minutes with his eighth goal of the campaign, but Saido Berahino levelled for the Midlanders just before half time. Pulis' first game in charge will be the FA Cup third round tie at home to Gateshead on January 3rd.
Swansea striker Wilfried Bony earned the Welsh side a point away at QPR with a 90th minute equaliser. The Ivorian may have played his last game for the club, however, as he will be out of league action throughout January whilst he is featuring in the African Nations Cup, and has been heavily linked with a move away from the Swans. Leroy Fer had put the R's in front with a stunning long range strike, however the point leaves Harry Redknapp's men 16th.


Wynonna Judd Takes On 2013 with New Music, New Shows and More! Wynonna Judd has had her share of trials and tribulations over the years, but this is one woman that just can't be held down for long. In true form, this country icon is taking on 2013 with lots of new developments including new music, a feature documentary, and a spot on popularity reality TV hit Dancing with the Stars! "I focused on being a wife and a nurse for the last seven months and now I'm doing something for myself. The main word for me this year is 'risk.' I'm stepping out of my comfort zone and doing something that a lot of people tell me is crazy—but they get it." -Wynonna She and husband Cactus Moser experienced tragedy shortly after their wedding when Moser was involved in a motorcycle accident and subsequently had to have his leg amputated. The couple's story is the subject of the hour long documentary, "Wynonna and Cactus: The Road Back," which aired on GAC on Monday, March 18th. Also on Monday, Wynonna's new single, "Something You Can't Live Without," which will be featured on her Moser produced upcoming album was sent to country radio and is available on iTunes! As if that's not enough though, she debuted on ABC's Dancing with the Stars with a cha cha routine, and did a pretty good job! One thing is for sure, this Judd has enough energy and charisma to really be a stand out on the show! We love Wynonna around here at CMNB headquarters, and we are anxiously anticipating her new album and can't wait to see how she does on DWTS!
The Band Perry Announce Title for Upcoming Album, Pioneer! The Band Perry have slowly been eeking out details on their upcoming and highly anticipated sophmore album release. First, they debuted their brand new single, "Better Dig Two," followed up with the announcement of the release date, April 2nd, and now, they've unveiled the album title, Pioneer! All that's left unknown is the track listing, and I'm sure that will come out soon enough. In the meantime, check out the special video from The Band Perry below. You can also follow along with Twitter by using #Pioneer. The Band Perry Announce Album Title, Pioneer.
Tim McGraw's Latest New Album Two Lanes of Freedom Available Now. Tim McGraw's highly anticipated new album, Two Lanes of Freedom, finally released today (Tuesday, February 5th). The new record features eleven tracks (the deluxe version offers up four additional songs), and it seems to offer up to slightly different versions of McGraw. On one side, there is the party anthem belting (hate to say it) trying to stay young Tim with songs like "Truck Yeah." On the other hand, there are more traditional sounding, heart string strumming tunes like "Nashville Without You," "Annie I Owe You a Dance," "Tinted Windows," and "Number 37405." On yet another hand all together, there is the Tim that is continuing to push the boundaries of "country" with pop infused upbeat tunes, like "Southern Girl" (complete with a little autotune thrown in…), "Mexicoma," and "It's Your World," that could easily crossover to Top 40 stations like The Band Perry, Lady Antebellum, and (of course) Taylor Swift have done in recent years. Speaking of Tswift, there is the collaboration with her and Keith Urban, "Highway Don't Care," that is sure to appeal to just about everyone. Its a pretty good song, and their three voices really meld together well. Essentially, with Two Lanes of Freedom, Tim McGraw gives a healthy selection of tracks to music fans across the country, right on over to pop, spectrum. For his first album release on Big Machine, following the Curb Records debacle, I think this is setting the right tone for McGraw. He still has a lot left to offer fans, and he isn't afraid to keep pushing boundaries. I really feel like he's trying to say, 'I'm not done yet,' and from what I've heard on this record, I'm okay with that. Find the deluxe version here, and the regular version here via iTunes. Next up, Tim heads out on his Two Lanes of Freedom Tour with Brantley Gilbert and Love and Theft. Two Lanes of Freedom Complete Track Listing. 1. Two Lanes of Freedom 2. One of Those Nights 3. Friend of a Friend 4. Southern Girl 5. Truck Yeah 6. Nashville Without You 7. Book of John 8. Annie I Owe You A Dance (Deluxe Version) 9. Mexicoma 10. Number 37405 11. It's Your World 12. Tinted Windows (Deluxe Version) 13. Highway Don't Care (feat. Taylor Swift & Keith Urban) 14. Truck Yeah (Live) (Deluxe Version) 15. Let Me Love It Out of You (Deluxe Version) Watch: Tim McGraw's Most Recent Video for One of Those Nights.
Interview: Singer Songwriter Rose Falcon Talks Upcoming Release 19th Avenue Vol 2 EP! Up and coming country singer songwriter Rose Falcon has a new EP, 19th Avenue Vol. 2, releasing next week and she took a couple minutes to chat with me and discuss the upcoming project, her influences, and more! The single aspect that stands out the most in Falcon's music is the honesty in her well-written lyrics. There is a very feminine and simultaneously strong quality in the quiet songs featured on the upcoming EP. She claims influences like Tammy Wynette, Patty Lovelace and Reba McEntire, and it's easy to connect the dots between these iconic artists and this rising star. Rose's songs are lyrically raw and personal, and musically have hints of roots and Americana. She had this to say of the tracks and her personal "sound" featured on the upcoming EP, "It's fairly organic, not a lot of fancy production and lyrically driven. The instruments are meant to paint around, highlight the song the best they can without taking away or distracting from the lyrical content." This is not surprising to hear from someone who grew up around songwriters (her father is legendary singer – songwriter Billy Falcon), spends four days a week co-writing songs and who loves living Nashville, TN which she suggests is home to best singers and songwriters in the whole world! Falcon is authentic, and in a way the simplicity of her songs is what gives them staying power. There are lots and lots of talented folks in country music these days, but not everyone can cut it as a writer. So, I was curious about her particular process and style. "I co-write a lot. It's a process of giving and receiving what I call 'gifts'. Someone you write with might have a gift to give you, an idea and you have to be open to that. Or one day I might have a great idea to offer. You end up with something you wouldn't of had if you hadn't been working with that person on that day. It's a really magical process, and I think that God is a part of it in every step." In the tracks featured on Falcon's 19th Avenue, you can hear how invested she is in the words and the stories they tell. I have no doubt that as her star continues to rise, country fans who get to listen to her music will find it relatable and this will draw them in and keep them listening. I also have a feeling that Falcon would be a wonderful singer to catch live…hope I get the chance soon! Be sure to check out the new EP when it releases Tuesday, January 29th, and stay tuned for more from Rose in the next year! Find her on Twitter and iTunes!
Rose Falcon Releases New EP This Month, Watch Sneak Peek! NYC born and Nashville raised Rose Falcon will release a new EP, 19th Avenue Vol. 2, January 29th, and you can get a sneak peek at her creative process below! Just hearing the way Rose talks about music, her writing process and why she has a drive to create, it's easy to understand that she has the potential to go a long way in the country music industry. She has some real talent and a strong drive, and we can't wait to hear more from her! Watch the video to get to know Rose just a little bit better, and stay tuned for reviews and more on Falcon! Meet Rose Falcon!


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Updated: 3 Tháng Ba, 2022
First freight train from Đà Nẵng to Europe to be launched this month
Container train to Europe departs from Đồng Đăng station to Chinese railways. — Photo baogiaothong.vn
HÀ NỘI — The Railways of Transport and Trade Joint Stock Company (Ratraco) has announced that a new freight link between the central city of Đà Nẵng and Europe is to be launched early this month.
The train will carry 23 containers of furniture from the well-known Swedish brand IKEA.
The train will stop at Đồng Đăng International Railway Station of the northern border province of Lạng Sơnto get customs clearance so it can move to Zhengzhou Railway Station in China before connecting to the Asia-Europe train to reach its destination.
The IKEA products will be delivered to several cities, including Liege of Belgium, Hamburg of Germany, and Melzo of Italy.
This comes after a freight train left Hà Nội for Belgium for the first time in July last year carrying containers of garments, textiles, and leather shoes.
The route goes between Yên Viên Railway Station in Hà Nội and the Belgian city of Liege, where the containers are then unloaded before being sent by truck to their final destination, the Dutch port city of Rotterdam.
According to the Việt Nam Railway Corporation, international railway freight transport service posted positive growth last year and in January.
Despite the pandemic, nearly 1.16 million tonnes of goods were transported by trains in 2021, surging 34 per cent compared to last year.
Of note, the Đồng Đăng International Railway Station witnessed surges of 82 per cent in the volume of goods and 117 per cent in carriage frequency in the fourth quarter of last year.
The exports were primarily ore, sulphur, chemicals, electronics, as well as garments and textiles. — VNS
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Sumitomo Group and BRG Vietnam discussed with Blue Diamond about residential building managment
Economy Editor - 2 Tháng Chín, 2022
Việt Nam's growth to rise by 6.5 per cent in 2022: ICAEW
Economy Editor - 23 Tháng Sáu, 2022


Coworking is a movement to create a community of cafe-like collaboration spaces for independent workers, telecommuters & solo entrepreneurs.
Ray Oldenburn wrote of the Great Good Place, or the'Third Place' between home and the office. Howard Shultz of Starbucks often refers to it in his biography, Pour Your Heart Into It.
It's that place where communities gather to socialize, build bonds, and mutually enrich their lives.
For Co-Workers around the world it's a place where you can get out of your pajamas, away from barking dogs and interact with honest to gosh people — all WHILE being productive.
For many of us, working from home is a godsend.
No traffic. No boss. You don't have to get dressed to impress anyone. All your stuff is handy.
But after awhile, isolation creeps in. You stop shaving. You wear pajamas all day. Worse, your work life and home life become so intermingled its hard to know where one starts and where one ends.
It can be downright depressing. If you've worked from home more than a few months, you know what I'm talking about.
So what about the coffee shop?
I love Starbucks as much as the next guy. The hip decor, the cool music, and ohhh yeah the coffee.
But try and conduct a teleconference what a coffee grinder going off in the background. Or try printing off a few extra copies of that proposal before you head off to your meeting. You can't.
What's more you feel compelled to keep up a quota of cappuccino purchases, lest you be kicked out for loitering.
It's not their fault – they're a restaurant. Not a place conducive to being productive. Great every once in awhile. But it's not a long term solution for someone looking to be productive outside the house.


Editor/Author Mullen, Gary L. and Sellers, James A.
Abstract Algebra: A Gentle Introduction advantages a trend in mathematics textbook publishing towards smaller, less expensive and brief introductions to primary courses. The authors move away from the 'everything for everyone' approach so common in textbooks. Instead, they provide the reader with coverage of numerous algebraic topics to cover the most important areas of abstract algebra.


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On Reading Behind Bars
A former prison librarian, who recently published a memoir of her time, reckons with her role as a censor.
The metal bookcase towered above me, each shelf piled high with books. The offerings included worn and torn paperbacks alongside hardcovers missing their dust jackets.
A local organization had donated them. I was forever grateful. The prison budget ran lean, and the prison library budget leaner. By that time, in spring of 2010, some of the men finished five or 10 books a week. Without donations, I was unable to refresh our meager collection and provide them new titles to read.
I selected the shelf at eye level and pulled a book off the top of the pile. A full set of red lips punctuated the purple and pink cover. I flipped it over, my eyes scanning the description on the back.
A few feet away, Lincoln, one of my inmate workers, was sitting at the circulation desk. Lincoln was in his late 20s, like me, and built like a football player. He towered over me, and while that might suggest someone intimidating, Lincoln was soft-spoken and always willing to jump in and help in the library, even on his days off. His eyes widened as he took in the cover.
"The Coldest Winter Ever?" Lincoln shook his head. "Better hide that, Ms. G."
I glanced up. "Why?"
In a prison, there were only two reasons for keeping a book away from the general population: either the content was considered inappropriate, or the book was so popular it would quickly get stolen. It wasn't just books, either. The week before, someone had swiped the swimsuit edition of Sports Illustrated 15 minutes after the library opened.
"Well," he said, carefully stepping over the sentence, "it's kind of … sexy."
I frowned. This wasn't the first time one of my workers struggled with telling me something. It was as if there was some collective agreement that I couldn't handle the realities of life inside, and they needed to phrase things thoughtfully to soften the blow.
They weren't exactly wrong. I grew up in Hudson, a quaint Northeast Ohio suburb that is overwhelmingly white and upper middle class. Accepting a position behind bars was a shock to my system, in more ways than one.
Still, I'd been here for over a year and had a pretty firm grasp on how things operated. Flipping through the pages, my eyes caught some words that confirmed Lincoln's assessment. I have to check it against The List, I thought. For now, I added Sister Souljah's semi-autobiographical book of urban fiction The Coldest Winter Ever to the pile of books sequestered on the highest shelf of the bookcase.
The List was a 30-page blue binder behind my desk. Ohio, like many states, maintains strict policies that exclude certain printed materials, such as books, magazines and newspapers, from inside prisons. A screening committee determines if a title poses a threat to the safety and security of the prison and therefore can't be allowed inside. Titles can stay on the list for four years, then drop off.
The things put on The List always seemed graphic, either sexually or violently. But the committee never included their reason for exclusion in the binder. I couldn't explain why a one-off issue of Rolling Stone or The Atlantic wasn't allowed. Some books were requested so frequently I had them memorized.
Having to be the censor always made me feel uncomfortable. Censoring books goes against everything I believe as a librarian. I didn't spend 18 months in graduate school learning how to keep books out of the hands of readers. But as a prison librarian, I agreed to ban books daily, under the guise of safety and security. I have wrestled with that since I left, including in my prison librarian memoir Reading Behind Bars, published a few months ago.
Recently, prison book ban lists have been made public. Several states, including Ohio, have gotten heat from prison reform advocates over them. I welcome those challenges. Prisons should be focusing on ways to give incarcerated people tools to succeed upon release. Instead, prisons take away the very things that reduce long-term recidivism, in the name of security.
Currently, Ohio bans computer coding and electrician trade titles. I can appreciate safety concerns. But by eliminating electrician trade and technology books, Ohio prisons are also eliminating a stable career path.
I would like to tell you that The Coldest Winter Ever was not on The List and so I processed it like any other book. I would like to tell you it was read over and over again by the men at the facility. But, the truth is, I honestly can't remember. It's not currently on Ohio's banned book list, which gives me hope. Maybe it wasn't then either and so I added it to the collection.
But in the decade since I left the prison, I've had to reckon with the fact that I spent the first two years of my librarian career banning books and practicing censorship on a daily basis. Like a fragmented memory, it's something I still struggle to reconcile.
If anything, the experience of keeping books away reaffirmed my belief that everyone should have access to whatever reading materials they want.
Books teach us skills. They entertain and occupy us. They introduce us to new worlds. They should be available in even the bleakest of situations and places, in our homes, in our libraries and especially in our prisons.
Jill Grunenwald
Essay: Overcoming Adolescent Substance Abuse
An editor recounts their experience with substance abuse as a teenager and young man. By Anthony Elder
Editor's Note: Cleveland's New Guard
A warm welcome for the incoming wave of Cleveland leadership and 2023's Most Interesting People. By Dillon Stewart
Letter From a Reader: Discourse on the Word "Queer"
Here, a Cleveland Magazine writer discusses the complicated history of the word and how it should be used - as well as writer Anthony Elder's response.


As an accountant on the mission field with OM, you will use your financial management skills toward the purpose of seeing vibrant communities of Jesus followers established among the least reached. This important role is vital to ministry on the field. You will provide accountability for the cash transactions conducted on the field and perform duties to assist with accounting functions pertaining to bank accounts, budgets, journal entries, financial reporting and administrative changes, guided by precedent and guidelines of established polices. Participation in local ministry and team life may also be aspects of your role.


Salesforce Lightning - Are You Ready?
Earlier this month, we've had the pleasure of hosting Eric Dreshfield for a webinar on the very hot topic of switching to Salesforce Lightning. Eric is a Salesforce MVP and amongst other things, the guy who started Midwest Dreamin' all the way back in 2011.
Before giving you the highlights of Eric's talk, I'd like to share the result of a quick poll we ran during the webinar. 44% of participants stated they are currently in the discovery mode of Lightning, while 34% are planning to transition in the next six months.
Salesforce Lightning: Does It Do What It Says on the Tin?
So why switch to Lightning? According to Eric, the rationale is clear. Newest features like access to Einstein analytics, the Kanban and Sales Path view are being released ONLY in Lightning. Lightning also includes enhanced security, featuring the Locker service, which isolates Lightning components so they can't interact with each other directly, except through the tools provided within the framework.
Finally, Eric reminds us that the support for Classic will eventually end. In fact, Salesforce has recently announced that in about 10 months Lightning is going to be automatically on for users.
Identify the functionality that will be mostly affected. For example, will it be your lead management process that is going to change most, you order management, product definition of actually customer support?
Once you've identified the impacted department, appoint a person to champion the cause for each department, and make sure the transition is properly executed. Ideally, build an A-Team of stakeholders and also identify an executive sponsor. Enthusiasm has a trickle-down effect, and as team members fear the unfamiliar, they will be reassured when managers are psyched up for it. Get stakeholders involved from the get-go by having them own parts of the process. Hold regular update meetings with key users.
Your action plan should be priorities-based. Start with the features that are a 'must-have' for your organization and continue with the 'nice-to-haves.
A new implementation is not an obvious one to measure. ROI metrics will require time to realize, but efficiency and an improved UX are quicker wins. Look at metrics such as fewer clicks, more visibility and increased customer satisfaction.
Check your readiness in terms of functionality and deadlines, against your roadmap. Get your key users to test, test, test everything in Sandbox first.
These 5 tips are the tip of the iceberg, of course. We recommend watching the full webinar, of course and if this isn't enough, more learning awaits at Trailhead and Salesforce community events. Remember that even once Lightning is turned on in production, with Panaya Release Dynamix for Salesforce.com you can always revisit, re-evaluate and adjust as needed. After all, that is the beauty of Salesforce.


Perfect +/- 5 acre hard corner commercial lot for sale! High visibility on 1604! Great traffic counts and perfect timing! Neighborhood and roads to be developed by a national builder Down the road from Freedom Elementary School, Southside Heritage Elementary, Julius L Matthey Middle School, Weatherford, and Heartland Energy Group. Owner willing to subdivide and will also fill pit for new Buyer.