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If I had the time, I would do it for $400.
Yes sir it works just fine and a whole lot less money.
do you have any idea where to purchase just the rear springs?
Phil the way i did it was call Eibach and they will sell you just the rears but they wont warranty them. Cant remember the cost. When i did it i had the pro kit in and just ordered the rear set of sportlines and used the thinner isolators also. The car was level then. Wished i did it that way in the beginning.
I just called Eibach they quoted me right around $200. shipped to me but.. I called my dealer and they quoted me $416. to install the rear.... I have no driveway no garage where I could attempt to do it myself.... now I need to find a place to do it at a lower cost. Thanks so much for your help on this.... really appreciate it... Phil.
Phil you sure that price quote on those springs weren't for a set. Sounds like a price for four springs not just the rear. I was thinking it was like $130 shipped just for the rears but I could be wrong.
$200 is for the set Front and rear. Your right rear are lower price.


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Fañch.
February 6, 2019 by languagehat 75 Comments
This brief Guardian story from a couple of years ago reports on yet another annoying result of stupid national laws restricting what parents can name their kids:
A French court has banned a couple from giving their baby a name containing a tilde, ruling that the character ñ was incompatible with national law.
The couple from Brittany wanted to call their newborn boy Fañch, a traditional name in the northwestern region which has its own language. […]
It's hardly worth posting on its own, but I was curious about the name Fañch; fortunately, in the age of Google and Wikipedia it was the work of a moment to learn that it's a diminutive of Frañsez, the Breton equivalent of François. What I'm wondering is, how do you get Fañch from Frañsez? Anybody know enough Breton to explain? (Thanks, Kobi!)
Sounds like Pancho/Francisco.
This does open the question, what are the laws in various countries regarding allowed characters in official names?
[Add:] Aha! L'affaire Fañch!
AG says
I know an Italian named Francisco whose mom called him "Franji" (or "Frangey"? "Franzhy"? not sure how to represent it without hauling out the IPA symbols)
Similar to Fanny as a diminutive of Frances?
L'affaire Fañch (in French; Breton version available as well.)
It goes in detail into all the laws cited by the plaintiffs and by the state. No non-French diacritics allowed.
The USA is in general very accommodating of given names. However, some states limit what characters appear in official documents. California limits them to the standard 26. A proposal was made to allow accented characters in official documents, but the cost of upgrading the system was estimated at a princely $10 million, at which lawmakers balked.
Of states with large Native American populations, Alaska allows diacritics but New Mexico does not.
The word from Vermont is, "You may use trademarked names (IBM), diseases (Anthrax), and obscenities, but we highly recommend against it."
I'm sorry to link to a site called "The Bump", but it has the goods for US naming regulations.
Alex M. says
I think you are being a little over harsh. I don't think it's unreasonable that a government places a restriction on official names so that they can only include characters which exist in official national languages. You can spell your own name however you damn well like but it can only appear on official documents in accordance with national standards.
Even though ñ is not a particularly unusual character, I wouldn't be at all surprised if legacy government computer systems have difficulty with it. If the authorities were to reject the name without the tilde that would be more of a reason for complaint.
Breton is not an official language in France (let's not go there). If Breton characters are allowed, why not Polish or Vietnamese ? I'm sure there are more French citizens who speak those languages than speak Breton.
The letter ñ is a nasalization diacritic used to represent French nasal vowels in words borrowed into Breton. It is also possible to put the tilde directly on the vowel; apparently this alternative was easier to type(set) and became standard. In typographical extremis one can use a simple n, as in French itself.
I got an email yesterday from a Frencisco [sic] who calls himself Frank and spells it Frenc.
The site named The Bump was not quite as hilarious as one might have hoped, but no apology is necessary. Of course the U.S. features a plethora of different governments, each of which has lots of different bureaucratic tentacles. So even if a child is born in a state that allows tildes on the birth certificate, it might be hazardous to assume that the different branch of the same state's government that issues driver's licenses will be equally tilde-tolerant when the child is 16. And of course the child may at some point move to another state altogether. And what various private-sector entities the child may need to interact with adds further variability. So if your ideal orthographic representation of your name deviates from the simplest diacritical-free ASCII character set, you need to expect different bureaucratic outcomes in different contexts throughout your life in the U.S.
I take it from what I know of French politics that any suggestion that maybe the local authorities in Brittany ought to have discretion to set their own policy as to acceptable characters on birth certificates, which might turn out to be different than the local policy in Paris or Strasbourg, would be a total non-starter.
"The Bump" comes from baby bump, a recent euphemism which I find loathsome. It's used in gossip columns and is meant to reassure certain people that their pregnancy is cute, and in no way makes them look f-a-t.
The strict 26 policy of California also appears to exclude Jean-Paul and D'Arcy. Louisianans can't have Hélène. Hawaiians, however, can have everything.
January First-of-May says
I'm reminded of the Falsehoods Programmers Believe About Names. Most of them are over the top (culminating in the final entry, "People have names"), but a few are very much true.
I wonder if (Barcelona goalkeeper) Marc-André ter Stegen – whose name, IIRC, breaks about three or four of them – has problems with various renderings of his name…
dainichi says
> "People have names"
In the context of the Falsehoods Programmers Believe About Names, that sentence means "All people have names", which is definitely a falsehood. I remember having to fill in my son's name when he was a couple of days old and didn't have one yet. (The deadline for giving him one was 2 weeks in the jurisdiction.)
Wiktionary says it's pronounced \ˈfɑ̃ʃ\ , which would not have been my first or second guess. And they have \frɑ̃.sɛs\ for Frañsez
mollymooly says
"baby bump, a recent euphemism" — Eh? What is the non-euphemistic equivalent?
Irish names in Ireland : [Ciarán Ó Cofaigh] said it is "ironic" that he has to look to European rules to assert his Irish identity. … article 16 of the GDPR "clearly sets out" the rights of a person to have their records corrected.
A pregnant belly, or such.
restricting what parents can name their kids
You are attaching way too much importance to powers of bureaucrats.
People can call their children whatever they want, but the government can only restrict the names which appear in their ID cards, but who says that's their true name?
I feel pretty strongly that the family nicknames of my children are actually their true names, not the names on their birth certificates (which are only ever used by their teachers anyway).
Bloix says
The decision appears to have been reversed – not on the ground that parents can name kids whatever they want, but because "the tilde is not unknown to the French language."
https://www.lemonde.fr/societe/article/2018/11/22/le-parquet-general-se-pourvoit-en-cassation-contre-le-tilde-de-fanch_5387194_3224.htm
No, I'm just objecting to the way they think and act. Yes, people can sometimes ignore them, but their stupid ideas actually do have practical effects.
And they're not sitting around wringing their hands and moaning "Oh, how I wish we could let people do as they want, but we're constrained by the cold, cruel facts of life!" Their greatest joy in life is preventing people from doing what they want. For this they can find an infinite number of excuses.
Bloix's link gives me a 404, this one doesn't:
http://www.europe1.fr/societe/tilde-de-fanch-le-parquet-general-se-pourvoit-en-cassation-3805958
The decision was annulled by the appellate court of Rennes, but the prosecutor has announced an appeal against that decision.
The Irish example is interesting precisely because of the "aha hypocrisy!" angle — the government purports to highly value a specific non-English language whose spelling uses some diacritical marks not found in the standard/minimalist English version of the Latin alphabet, yet does not consistently follow through and cater to that language's distinctive orthographic needs. No French government of the last several centuries has purported to be that affirmatively supportive of Breton.
Of course, English's own orthography has changed over the centuries. If I wanted to give a daughter the good old English name of Friðuswīþ, should the government (in an Anglophone jurisdiction) accommodate us on the paperwork rather than require a transliteration into the current character set?
Peevers' paradise. Central authority rears up on its hind legs:
# Dans son jugement du 13 septembre 2017, le tribunal avait estimé qu'autoriser le tilde reviendrait "à rompre la volonté de notre État de droit de maintenir l'unité du pays et l'égalité sans distinction d'origine". #
What is the non-euphemistic equivalent?
"The abdomen/belly of a pregnant woman", I suppose.
Here's a rant of mine from when I was at Google: "Against Structured Names and Telephone Numbers", which opposes the habit of having separate fields in databases for "first name", "last name", "area code", and so on.
In their earliest youth my grandsons were known as "Baby Boy Cowan" and "Baby Boy Cowan" respectively, as their fathers had not yet signed the paternity acknowledgement that New York State requires for a father to have a father's rights and duties absent a court order. The latter actually got a prescription for vitamin drops in this name, but now his vitamins are addressed to him by his actual name, Luca LeChevalier.
Bloix's link gives me a 404
That's because the L at the end is missing. Restore it, and it works.
It says the appeals court in Rennes has pointed out that ñ is allowed in last names; therefore, to deny it in first names would be inconsistent.
>I'm reminded of the Falsehoods Programmers Believe About Names. Most of them are over the top (culminating in the final entry, "People have names"), but a few are very much true.
I spend half of my year helping manage an election department. We're developing a new voter registration management system (essentially a voter registration database with numerous ancillary systems and capacities.) This is very useful.
Among other things, we interface with the Social Security Administration to find out about deaths. It irks me no end that people have the gall to register to vote with a different name than the one God and the SSA gave them. But yes, it's salutary to learn to deal with it.
UTF-8 has been the dominant encoding on the Web for the last decade. Is there a good reason governments don't want to accept it?
Of course, the permissivity of European naming conventions regularly results in cases like that of a certain Mr. &#268,éplö…
Yo, bulbul, spam removal in Aisle 7…
david: Legacy systems, lots of them, that use either ASCII or even EBCDIC (the original encoding of IBM mainframes).
Falsehoods Programmers Believe About Names, With Examples and a link to a W3C page about best practices.
Concerning "People have names"… people who come in contact with a computer or a bureaucracy probably have names. People born in slavery in Sudan apparently don't, and names are also absent in cultures that are very small or have very low population density – a tribe somewhere in the rainforest in Colombia, IIRC, goes just by kinship terms, and the same was traditionally the case among the Mansi in a huge area of western Siberia.
gwenllian says
Few governments anywhere are quite as affirmatively or quite as hypocritically supportive of a language as Irish governments are of Irish. To be fair, Irish language demographics make it increasingly difficult to walk the walk, regardless of intention. Not that that's an excuse not to even make an effort with the orthography.
Still, eradication of minority languages is no longer official French policy, and accepting names in these languages seems like a relatively effortless way to show that.
I'm not familiar with what the legal implications of allowing them would be, but for a state that has successfully actively suppressed its minority languages to not even let people name their children in them seems downright petty and cruel.
When I was younger it was widely understood that while computers were mysterious and magical and futuristic they were also stupid and clunky so you shouldn't expect them to be perfect in dealing with names. I remember one time in school (probably mid to late Seventies) when we were filling out forms to be scanned for some sort of thing that was going to be computer processed and not only could it not deal with uppercase v lowercase it had an 8-letter maximum for first names, so e.g. a classmate whose given name was Elizabeth would be coded as ELIZABET. Now, they'd probably figured out that 8 letters was enough to avoid ambiguity in an overwhelming percentage of cases (on the boys' side, for example, you could be pretty confident in the US in those days that anyone named CHRISTOP was highly likely to be a truncated "Christopher" not a truncated "Christoph" – on the girls' side once you had JACQUELI there was only one likely continuation, etc.), and using more of their scarce resources just to make people feel that the machines were treating them with dignity and respect was apparently not a priority.
I have probably mentioned this before, but I understand that Chinese official computer systems have a limit on the number of characters that can be accepted in the name field, probably about four or five since most Chinese names are unlikely to go beyond that. As a result, people of minority ethnic groups whose names transliterated into Chinese characters go beyond that number end up with truncated names. (Sorry not to be more specific. I'm not sure if it applies to names as given in passports, but it apparently does in other areas.)
I recall several media reports of Chinese whose names use minority or regional or just very rare characters who have effectively become non-persons because the characters do not appear in the government database of name characters. They were born at a time when children were registered in hand-written ledgers. They cannot get any form of modern ID document so cannot even buy a train ticket never mind open a bank account or get a passport but they also cannot change their name as that would require inputting their birth name into a government database which is apparently not possible.
Speaking as someone who uses two different names, it can be surprisingly useful, particularly if one of your names gets put on the No-Fly List.
The US government has constructed its own name for me which is not the same as either of the names that I use, but that's how I talk to them. Many US government documents have fields for you to put in the different names that you use, however.
@Alex M.: And all inside a totalitarian state. There's a science fiction novel there, assuming it hasn't already been written.
French départements were originally numbered 1 to 89 in alphabetical order. Corsica was number 20 until 1975, when it was split into Corse-du-Sud (2A) and Haute-Corse (2B). Many French IT systems have a two-digit field for département, causing headaches for Corsicans. The ultimate solution was in hardware rather than software: in 2018, Corse was reunited and given back the number 20.
I had no idea! When l'énorme département de la Seine was split, Paris kept the number 75, while the suburbs got 90 through 95.
suburbs got 91 through 95. 90 went after 1871 to Belfort, the Dunkirk of France
ajay says
Their greatest joy in life is preventing people from doing what they want. For this they can find an infinite number of excuses.
This is really startlingly offensive and inaccurate. It's also unoriginal; did you read it in the Daily Mail?
Oh, come now. People have different opinions; get used to it. That's my take on it; if you happen to be a bureaucrat yourself, I'm sure you're excellent at it and I exempt you from my generalization. But bear in mind that I'm an anarchist and have no inherent love for those whose job it is to make other people follow orders.
I used to be a bureaucrat too and I would have been offended back then. But not now.
People who are there to help people sooner or later get out and those whose "greatest joy in life is preventing people from doing what they want" stay.
There you go. Straight from the ex-horse's mouth.
The way i see things, stray comments aren't offensive.
But sticking to your guns when called out is. And its plain weird. I mean, you have a bureaucrat, me , thanking you upthread for crystalizing why we need to better accommodate, and you stiill stick with ridiculous, overblown generalizations.
In my experience, most bureaucrats try to serve people. Soometimes they're hamstrung by politicians whose continued tenure rests in part on the cynicism of voters who can't be bothered to distinguish the good from the bad. Your comments put you in that camp.
Eh, I get where you're coming from, but surely you recognize that people in any profession or other in-group automatically default to defending that group against all outside attack. Cops do the same. I am perfectly willing to acknowledge that there are plenty of good bureaucrats who do try to serve people; you should be willing to think about why there's such a widespread popular perception to the contrary. These things don't happen by chance.
Also, I make ridiculous, overblown generalizations all the time. This is a blog, not a government report or a science monograph. If I had to be judicious and restrained all the time, LH wouldn't exist.
The bureaucrat(s) to be criticized here are not merely bureaucrats, but French. Fonctionnaires, one might say, which is not a word too often used in English but when it is used seems to have an extra-pejorative undertone of officious busybodiness. The question more generally is perhaps not whether bureaucrats are trying to be helpful or unhelpful in the abstract — they are trying to implement various government policies – often set above their own level of decision-making power. What you think of them will depend in part on what you think of the policies. If you sign on to work for the French state, with its notorious love for heavy-handed and illiberal policies such as, just for example, squelching Breton cultural autonomy, you are signalling that you're probably the sort of person who doesn't find those policies particularly objectionable, and others are free to draw appropriate conclusions about you.
I will admit I was more sympathetic before the revelation of the additional detail that they already had their info-systems infrastructure set up to handle tildes in surnames.
But I'm no more authoritative than anyone else, and I'm always happy to listen to other opinions. I've said far worse things about Chomskyites/generativists than I've ever said about bureaucrats, yet Norbert good-humoredly presents the case for the defense and I listen to him with pleasure. Debate is far better than preemptive self-censorship.
Russians have a fascinating phrase административный восторг ("administrative delight", according to Google and I mostly agree, maybe also "executive exuberance") apparently coined by Dostoevsky and meaning exactly what it says, finding perverse satisfaction in petty tyranny in the name of following the rules and bureaucratic efficiency. Should have been a translation from German, though.
Administrationfreude or something
@David Marjanović:
> It says the appeals court in Rennes has pointed out that ñ is allowed in last names; therefore, to deny it in first names would be inconsistent.
Not just inconsistent, but discriminatoire ("discriminatory"), which has the same meaning in French as in English. ("Inconsistent" makes it sound like they've out-bureaucratted themselves into allowing something because an automaton would allow it; "discriminatory" highlights the human dimension. The ministry had accepted that official decrees sometimes use "ñ" in inherited foreign surnames, but somehow deemed it "not part of French" the moment a Breton couple wanted it in their child's given name; the appeals court is calling them out on that.)
The full ruling is at https://www.dalloz-actualite.fr/sites/dalloz-actualite.fr/files/resources/2018/11/17-07569.pdf, if you're interested; it's not long.
It's only been 25 years since France abandoned the policy of "all parents must pick their baby's prenom from this official list of approved candidates," with the official list slanted against "foreign" seeming names, I believe including names traditional in non-French regional languages. If one assumes that fewer than 100% of French citizens and bureaucrats viewed this liberalization as a positive change, one perhaps should not be too surprised to see attempts to restore the spirit of the old policy pop up from time to time in the implementation of the new policy. The old policy was obviously much looser on surnames than given names. No one made Nicolas Sarkozy's immigrant predecessors get rid of the overtly non-French surname as long as they gave their France-born kids prenoms that looked and sounded more French than Hungarian.
As the English term given name suggests, first names are thought of as a parental choice (though they may be mandated by culture in some cases), whereas surnames seem not to be, though in principle John Smith and Mary Jones can register their child as Robinson Crusoe without problem, at least in the U.S.
Certainly "given name" implies a giver, but that idiom does not, by itself, imply that that parents (as opposed to "the community" or some other authority figure or group within the community) are necessarily the primary or default givers, does it? That they traditionally have been in English-speaking societies is highly relevant to our understanding of the term, but that aspect of it is, I would think, non-compositional.
And of course "given name" is something of a secularized update and/or euphemism of the older "Christian name," which was paradigmatically (the situation got more complicated in English-speaking societies post-Reformation with the development of certain Protestant groups that didn't do infant baptism) the name that the priest had uttered aloud when he baptized you, which in practice generally meant a name chosen by the parents that the priest found tolerable as within some understood scope of propriety, the boundaries of which varied by time and place.
Sure. I didn't mean the choice was unconstrained (see our discussions of Akaky Akakievich and Breton names in France), just that it is chosen whereas the surname is normally not.
The OED tags given name (s.v. given) as "chiefly Scottish and U.S." Indeed, the first purely English use they show is the Guardian in 1954. Apparently saint's name was an older usage: one can understand why Calvinists wouldn't care for it.
J.W. Brewer: My view on the term "Christian name" is pretty well summed up by this scene from Escape From Sobibor: https://youtu.be/b4R53qvwbag?t=7174
I know I have commented here before that it's an amazing movie, but the early parts are probably too horrifying for me to watch more than once.
The google n-gram viewer shows the notable decline over the last several centuries in the term "Christian name" compared to the concurrent rise of "first name" and "given name," a trend which corresponds to the evolution away from a situation in which 99%+ (maybe essentially 100% through circa 1650) of the members of English-speaking societies were at least nominally Christian. You need to have a material percentage of non-Christians in your speech community before idioms presuming universal-or-default Christian status are exclusionary or otherwise problematic either in effect or in intent. I assume that even in the very old days, when texts in English had occasion to refer to the given name of the Ottoman sultan or some other foreign personage who was known to be conspicuously non-Christian, a different phrase was used.
To my earlier point regarding who "gives" the "given name," the formal structure of old-timey Church of English baptisms assumes that the priest asks the godparents, not the parents, what name the baby is to be given, and the godparents, not the parents, then answer that question. I don't think the rubrics and canons explicitly address what happens if the godparents propose a name that the priest thinks unacceptable. And presumably in practice the godparents were generally not freelancing but were passing on the name the parents had selected.
It was a joke in Colin Dexter's Inspector Morse novels that when Morse arrived as a scholarship student at Oxford, ca. 1950, he would not tell the other students his "Christian name,"* so he was nicknamed "Pagan." I assume that Dexter's depiction of mid-century Oxbridge culture was probably pretty accurate.
* It was Endeavor.
*tsk* Endeavour, after Cook's ship. As revealed in a crossword clue in a later story.
Morse also once solved a mystery by noticing that a suspect had confused his Latin and Greek by spelling a verb using -ise not -ize and therefore clearly wasn't an Oxford man as claimed.
Speaking of Inspector Morse, is anyone else watching the ITV/PBS series Victoria? (Yes, yes, it's horrible unhistorical schlock, but come on, we all watched Downton Abbey, admit it.) My wife and I were surprised when Lord Palmerston showed up in the person of Laurence Fox, whom we knew as DS Hathaway in the spinoff series Lewis.
@Alex M.: Autocorrect switched it to the American spelling. Although in Cook's day, either spelling would have been accepted on either side of the Atlantic. I don't know how picky the Admiralty was about the spelling of ship names during that period.
@languagehat: I really liked Fox in Inspector Lewis, especially his explanation of how he left the seminary. However, I later saw him in the execrable The Last Drop. While the badness of his character was probably not his fault, it soured me on Fox somewhat.
Too bad the plot point around "Christian name" doesn't work in German. All we have is Vorname, evidently from prénom.
@David Marjanović: Kristenname certainly existed historically, although I think it was obsolete by 1943.
Is that Dutch? In German, K- for Ch- is limited to very recent (post-1968, I guess) creative spellings of personal names.
When I encountered that spelling in writing, it may have been from Ostfriesland. I had thought of the term as more general, but it might have been spelled differently outside Lower Saxony. Google makes it hard to search for that term, so it is difficult to say more right now.
Probably it's a regional peculiarity, then. East Frisia (Frisian substrate and all) has cultural peculiarities even compared to the rest of Lower Saxony.
As I recall, when Prussia gained significant territory in western Germany after the Napoleonic Wars, the Prussians took significant measures to "Germanize" the East Frisians, who prior to that had been almost Dutch in character.
per incuriam says
The bureaucrat(s) to be criticized here are not merely bureaucrats, but French. Fonctionnaires, one might say, which is not a word too often used in English but when it is used seems to have an extra-pejorative undertone of officious busybodiness … If you sign on to work for the French state, with its notorious love for heavy-handed and illiberal policies such as, just for example, squelching Breton cultural autonomy…
A couple of minor tweaks there and you've totally nailed the Feindbild at the root of the Brexit escapade. Though actual Brexiteers usually try and tone down the xenophobia.
If fonctionnaire is used in English (I've never come across it) with "an extra-pejorative undertone", then perhaps that is just nationalist colouring: in France itself, as far as I can see, the strongest feeling the word evokes is mild envy, if even that. Fonctionnaires, by the way, include teachers, nurses, firefighters etc. and no doubt also some of those whose job it is to promote and preserve the Breton language.
Lars (the original one) says
Funktionær in Denmark was the private sector version of the bestillingsmand, a governmental employee with a fixed annual salary but not (formally) appointed by the King directly. So like in France, anybody afforded a little personal responsibility for planning their own time, as opposed to blue or white collar workers, but not part of management as such.
We still have Funktionærloven which sets out default rules of employment for such work, but nobody calls themself funktionær any longer.
*tsk* Endeavour, after Cook's ship.
read somewhere about patriotic Victorian family which had twin boys in 1900 and named them Mafeking and Ladysmith…
Alon Lischinsky says
If fonctionnaire is used in English (I've never come across it) with "an extra-pejorative undertone"
Well, that's an empirical question, and best answered looking at the data— which seem, alas, rather sparse. There are only three instances of the word in the BNC, two of which are direct references to the French national context and glossed 'civil servant'. COCA has more hits, but once again they are all references to the French administration.
The third in the BNC, from a book titled Empire and the English character, could support J. W. Brewer's contention: "the collaboration of a vast class of petty native fonctionnaires". A similar evaluative prosody seems to come up in quite of the hits in NOW. Some of them could pass as purely national references (e.g., "France's bloated public sector, which infamously employs more than five million fonctionnaires", "modified the very spirit of (French) society by turning everyone into fonctionnaires", "his smug self-regard and importance reminds me of some of the French fonctionnaires I've come across in their govt. offices"), but a good many are just transparently negative: "fonctionnaires have done and will do what they like, regardless of government orders", "the cupidity and incompetence of the fonctionnaire monopolists".
I leave for the reader the exercise of deciding whether that's just nationalist colouring.
I am pleased to see that Alon Lischinsky has done the actual work of checking corpora to investigate my impressionistic sense. I would belatedly add as a related datapoint that "functionary" in English (possibly by etymology a domestication of "fonctionnaire") quite often has a pejorative vibe, as seen by wiktionary giving "paper pusher" and "bean-counter" as synonyms. Whether that pejorative vibe comes from a pejorative sense of "fonctionnaire" or is unrelated but then maybe spills over the other direction and colors the semantics of "fonctionnaire" for Anglophones is unclear to me.
"functionary" in English (possibly by etymology a domestication of "fonctionnaire")
Just so, according to the OED and Etymonline. It's an etymological nativization.
In German, Funktionär isn't normally used for civil servants or government officials, but for officials of other organisations, like parties, trade unions, sports associations etc. It is often used with negative connotations – people trying to gather influence and power instead of serving the people they are supposed to represent, or bureaucrats spending their time in meetings and creating useless rules.
As for Ostfriesland, the Dutch influence was especially strong in the Western half, which accordingly is traditionally Calvinist, while the Eastern half is Lutheran, like most of Northern Germany.
David Marjanović on Two from Wikipedia.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Robert M. Collins is a United States Army major general who serves as deputy for acquisition and systems management at the Office of the United States Assistant Secretary of the Army for Acquisition, Logistics, and Technology. He previously served as the program executive officer for command, control, and communication (tactical) of the U.S. Army.

In January 2023, Collins was nominated for promotion to lieutenant general.

References

External links

Living people
United States Army generals
Year of birth missing (living people)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Roles of SETD2 in Leukemia-Transcription, DNA-Damage, and Beyond.
Skucha A, Ebner J, Grebien F.
Int J Mol Sci. 2019 Feb 27;20(5). pii: E1029. doi: 10.3390/ijms20051029. Review.
SETD2 in MLL-rearranged leukemia - a complex case.
Mol Cell Oncol. 2018 Aug 13;5(4):e1503492. doi: 10.1080/23723556.2018.1503492. eCollection 2018.
MLL-fusion-driven leukemia requires SETD2 to safeguard genomic integrity.
Skucha A, Ebner J, Schmöllerl J, Roth M, Eder T, César-Razquin A, Stukalov A, Vittori S, Muhar M, Lu B, Aichinger M, Jude J, Müller AC, Győrffy B, Vakoc CR, Valent P, Bennett KL, Zuber J, Superti-Furga G, Grebien F.
Nat Commun. 2018 May 18;9(1):1983. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-04329-y.
Erratum: STAT3 regulated ARF expression suppresses prostate cancer metastasis.
Pencik J, Schlederer M, Gruber W, Unger C, Walker SM, Chalaris A, Marié IJ, Hassler MR, Javaheri T, Aksoy O, Blayney JK, Prutsch N, Skucha A, Herac M, Krämer OH, Mazal P, Grebien F, Egger G, Poli V, Mikulits W, Eferl R, Esterbauer H, Kennedy R, Fend F, Scharpf M, Braun M, Perner S, Levy DE, Malcolm T, Turner SD, Haitel A, Susani M, Moazzami A, Rose-John S, Aberger F, Merkel O, Moriggl R, Culig Z, Dolznig H, Kenner L.
Nat Commun. 2015 Oct 26;6:8802. doi: 10.1038/ncomms9802. No abstract available.
Erratum: Pharmacological targeting of the Wdr5-MLL interaction in C/EBPα N-terminal leukemia.
Grebien F, Vedadi M, Getlik M, Giambruno R, Grover A, Avellino R, Skucha A, Vittori S, Kuznetsova E, Smil D, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Li F, Poda G, Schapira M, Wu H, Dong A, Senisterra G, Stukalov A, Huber KV, Schönegger A, Marcellus R, Bilban M, Bock C, Brown PJ, Zuber J, Bennett KL, Al-Awar R, Delwel R, Nerlov C, Arrowsmith CH, Superti-Furga G.
Nat Chem Biol. 2015 Oct;11(10):815. doi: 10.1038/nchembio1015-815b. No abstract available.
STAT3 regulated ARF expression suppresses prostate cancer metastasis.
Nat Commun. 2015 Jul 22;6:7736. doi: 10.1038/ncomms8736. Erratum in: Nat Commun. 2015;6:8802.
Pharmacological targeting of the Wdr5-MLL interaction in C/EBPα N-terminal leukemia.
Grebien F, Vedadi M, Getlik M, Giambruno R, Grover A, Avellino R, Skucha A, Vittori S, Kuznetsova E, Smil D, Barsyte-Lovejoy D, Li F, Poda G, Schapira M, Wu H, Dong A, Senisterra G, Stukalov A, Huber KVM, Schönegger A, Marcellus R, Bilban M, Bock C, Brown PJ, Zuber J, Bennett KL, Al-Awar R, Delwel R, Nerlov C, Arrowsmith CH, Superti-Furga G.
Nat Chem Biol. 2015 Aug;11(8):571-578. doi: 10.1038/nchembio.1859. Epub 2015 Jul 13. Erratum in: Nat Chem Biol. 2015 Oct;11(10):815.
abFASP-MS: affinity-based filter-aided sample preparation mass spectrometry for quantitative analysis of chemically labeled protein complexes.
Huber ML, Sacco R, Parapatics K, Skucha A, Khamina K, Müller AC, Rudashevskaya EL, Bennett KL.
J Proteome Res. 2014 Feb 7;13(2):1147-55. doi: 10.1021/pr4009892. Epub 2014 Jan 17.
EGF activates TTP expression by activation of ELK-1 and EGR-1 transcription factors.
Florkowska M, Tymoszuk P, Balwierz A, Skucha A, Kochan J, Wawro M, Stalinska K, Kasza A.
BMC Mol Biol. 2012 Mar 20;13:8. doi: 10.1186/1471-2199-13-8.


Franklin, KY, February 14, 2017– PSI's new rack mount smart battery has successfully been deployed in several countries to positive reviews from customers.
Drew Hardin, Vice President of PSI (PowerTec Solutions International) states that the PSI Smart Battery is the first all-in-one solution to offer an integrated Battery Management System (BMS) to actively monitor and condition the battery, down to the cell, to ensure for optimal service life in any environment. Developed specifically for Telecom deployments, the PSI Smart Battery is also the first of its kind to provide remote monitoring and alarming, allowing Service Providers proactive visibility of the true health and status of the battery. This visibility has been instrumental during commercial outages to remove any guesswork as to when a site may drop, giving the Service Provider all the information needed to react accordingly and prevent service outage. The BMS works to protect and alarm against over-voltage, over-charging, and over-temperature, which are all key factors that dramatically affect the life and capacity of traditional Sealed Lead Acid batteries with no active management.
The PSI Smart Battery is a drop-in replacement to legacy 48Vdc Sealed Lead Acid Battery strings and is very easy to install by anyone in less than 10 minutes with built in cross current protection. The batteries also offer an environmentally safe, maintenance free design (no venting required). Ethernet linking to the built-in battery management system is very easy to use via Cloud or SNMP Trap.
Customer Lee Cheney of Waitsfield Telecom Champlain Valley says that the six month trial install in several sites has been a success.
If you would like more information about this topic, please contact Grant Erwin, Vice President of Sales at (270) 813-1110 or email at sales@powertecsolutions.net.


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text:
Anthony Sheppard
B.A. UBC 1964; LL.B. UBC 1967; LL.M. London School of Economics 1968
E-mail: sheppard@allard.ubc.ca
Professor Sheppard articled in 1968-69, and was called to the Bar of B.C. in 1969. He joined the Faculty in 1969. His current teaching and research interests include Creditors' Remedies, Equitable Remedies, Evidence and Taxation.
Professor Sheppard has practised as a tax lawyer and a prosecutor. From 1979 to 1984, he was a member of the Law Reform Commissison of B.C. and reporter for the Federal/Provincial Task Force on Uniform Rules of Evidence.
Professor Sheppard is the author of Fiscal Federalism for the Royal Commission on the Economic Union and Development Prospects for Canada (MacDonald Commission), and of Evidence (revised edition, 1996). He has been a member of the UBC Senate and the chair of various appeals committees. He has been President of the UBC Faculty Association. He has given continuing legal education lectures in his areas of interest. He has given expert evidence on the laws of BC and Canada in foreign courts. His hobbies are playing at tennis, and gardening.
Real Property LAW 130
Equitable Remedies
Representative Published Works
"Expert Evidence in the Context of the Law of Evidence at Large" in Expert Evidence in British Columbia Civil Proceedings 3d ed (Vancouver: The Continuing Legal Education Society of British Columbia, 2011), 5-51
Co-author, Electronic Records and the Law of Evidence in Canada: The Uniform Electronic Evidence Act Twelve Years Later 70 ARCHIVARIA (Fall 2010) 95-124
Capital Gains, Chapter 7 in Tim Edgar, Daniel Sandler and Arthur Cockfield, eds, Materials on Canadian Income Tax (14th ed) (Carswell: Toronto, 2010), pp. 531-597Mandatory Retirement: Termination at 65 is Ended, But Exceptions Linger On (2008) 41:1 University of British Columbia Law Review 139-177.
Mandatory Retirement in Employment Law Conference 2008 (Vancouver: Continuing Legal Education Society of British Columbia, 2008), 1-25.
The Supreme Court of Canada Crumbles Mr. Christie's Cookie, Case Comment (2007) 40:2 University of British Columbia Law Review 705-725.
Capital Gains, in Materials on Canadian Income Tax, 13th ed., (Toronto: Carswell, 2005), 541-608.
Expert Evidence in the Context of the Law of Evidence at Large, in Expert Evidence in British Columbia Civil Proceedings, 2nd ed., (Vancouver: Continuing Education Society of British Columbia, 2005), 1- 41.
Expert Evidence in the Context of the Law of Evidence at Large, in Expert Evidence in British Columbia Civil Proceedings, 1st ed., (Vancouver: Continuing Education Society of British Columbia, 2001), 1-32.
Publications listed on the Law Library Faculty Research Publications Database.
Digital Evidence


text:
Christoph Willibald GLUCK (1714-1787)
Alceste (Paris version, 1776) [138:09]
Dame Janet Baker (Alceste, mezzo), Robert Tear (Admète, tenor), Jonathan Summers (Le Dieu Hercule, baritone), John Shirley-Quirk (Le Grand-Prêtre d�Apollon, Un Dieu Infernal, baritone), Matthew Best (L�Oracle, bass), Philip Gelling (Le Hérault, Le Dieu Apollon, tenor), Maldwyn Davies (Evandre, tenor), Elaine Mary Hall, Janice Hooper-Roe, Mark Curtis, Matthew Best (Coryphées)
Orchestra and Chorus of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden/Sir Charles Mackerras
Live relay from Covent Garden, 12th December 1981
PONTO PO-1035 [72:43 + 65:26]
This recording presents a famous moment in the annals of recent British opera history, for it was during the 1981 season that Dame Janet Baker felt that she had reached the summit of what she could achieve in opera and that this season would be her last. So this live relay was her farewell to the house. Alceste was one of her favourite roles and she performs it with regal authority, passion and impressive stamina � it�s a role which requires her to sing almost uninterruptedly throughout the evening.
Even without this aspect, the performance represents British opera of the day at its best. For a start we have Mackerras who finds the true Gluckian tone; dignified and statuesque but urgent and dramatic at the same time � it�s so easy to veer too much towards one or the other. And then Robert Tear and (particularly) John Shirley-Quirk are in fine form and indeed, of the whole cast I had reservations only about Jonathan Summers� unpleasantly stentorian Hercules.
Admirers of Gluck should note that this is the French version, otherwise available from Otter/Gardiner and Norman/Baudo. Ponto provide a presentation of the performance but no libretto or even synopsis. All I managed to find on Internet was a libretto of the Italian version, and tried following that, which is as good a way as any of seeing how different they are. In fact, after about two-thirds of the way through the first act they virtually become different operas; the French version is more formal and succinct (the opposite of the situation with "Orfeo", then), with several characters eliminated and the first act, for example, discarding a lengthy confrontation between Alceste and the infernal deities and simply closing with the opera�s most famous aria, "Divinités du Styx". I must say I find "Alceste", at least in its French version, a more formally satisfying and stylistically coherent opera than "Orfeo ed Euridice" (in either version), while admitting that it contains nothing as sheerly beautiful as certain portions of the earlier work.
This is, I take it, an off-the-air recording, and at first it seemed pretty good, except that the stereo channels are reversed, unless Mackerras had his violins (and also flutes) on the right for some reason, and the cellos and most of the brass on the left. I found this a bit disconcerting, but even more so is a degree of distortion affecting the upper frequencies and so affecting Dame Janet�s top notes which are made to seem tremulous and strained. Future generations will get the idea that she was less secure technically than we know her to have been. For much of the second disc the recording seems to be a more congested mono one. Though there�s not much space around the sound, oddly enough Dame Janet�s top notes sound all right here. Thereafter the stereo image wanders a bit � it almost seems like a mono recording wandering between the speakers, until it opens up and finishes as it began (with the channels reversed). Problems with the original broadcast? With the home-taper�s equipment? Have Ponto had to piece it together from at least two incomplete sources?
While this is nothing like as problematic as Ponto�s "Vestale" excerpts from Rome which I recently commented on, and while we would obviously give a fortune to hear, say, Guild�s series of Met relays from the 1930s and 1940s in sound remotely approaching this, all the same, a 1981 BBC relay should sound better. If by any miracle the BBC still hold the original tapes, the performance should be issued on BBC Legends without delay. As it is, it is an important issue for opera buffs and I am glad to have it, but it doesn�t quite compete with the best "official" versions.
Christopher Howell


Added by Jeff Thompson 3 months ago. Updated 3 months ago.
This is a low priority observation. When ProducerBase::updateSeqNo computes the new hash, it uses the name URI string.
For these reasons, I humbly suggest that PSync should compute the hash from the Name TLV encoding, not from the URI string.


As 2016 continues to unfold, we've taken a moment to reflect on some of the biggest news and events that 2015 brought. From the approval of the first US biosimilar product to celebrity and social media gossip, it was definitely a year full of action. To highlight just a few, here are some of 2015's biggest stories.
From the selfie that resulted in an FDA warning letter to the collapse of Lamar Odom, the Kardashian family was no stranger to FDA-related news last year.
Last year Sprout Pharmaceuticals, Inc. received FDA-approval of ADDYI™ (Flibanserin 100 MG), also known as "female Viagra." ADDYI is a once-daily, non-hormonal pill for the treatment of acquired, generalized hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women and the first approved drug of its kind. Not only was this a win on the pharmaceutical front, but also for the lobbying campaign that previously accused the FDA of gender bias, saying that the Agency has ignored the sexual needs of women. The drug, which was a very controversial topic among the industry and society as a whole, was approved on August 18, 2015. Sprout Pharmaceuticals, the company that originally manufactured the drug and obtained approval from the Agency, was sold to Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. two days later, on August 20th.
Spanning from the regulation of liquid nicotine to the discussion of substantial equivalence, last year involved a plethora of regulation regarding various tobacco products. A few of the biggest include (but are not limited to) the draft guidance on the use of investigational tobacco products and the regulation of liquid nicotine.
These are just two of 2015's many guidances, rules, and regulations involving tobacco products and e-cigarettes. The Weinberg Group is most experienced firm in the field of tobacco and e-cigarette regulation. For additional information about our tobacco and e-cigarette services, call us at 202.833.8077 or email us here.
2015 was a big year for the FDA and technology. One of these advancements occurred in May when the FDA published a final guidance announcing the deadline for electronic submission of drug applications. According to the guidance, it is officially mandated that NDA, BLA, ANDA, and Master File eCTD submissions will be compulsory starting May 5, 2017. In addition, commercial IND eCTD submissions will be compulsory starting May 5, 2018. Furthermore, in November the Agency made another monumental advancement with the launch of its Orange Book mobile application. It will be interesting to see what 2016 has in store as the FDA continues to make forward progress with regards to the inclusion and use of technology.
After receiving a warning letter from the FDA nearly two years earlier, the Agency authorized 23andMe to sell its direct-to-consumer (DTC) test kit, which identifies carriers of the BLM gene mutation causing Bloom Syndrome. While the company's journey was not without struggle and hardship, after obtaining the FDA's authorization for the Bloom Syndrome carrier test, 23andMe also proceeded to obtain FDA approval of its Personal Genome Service (PGS) in October.
Additional information on DTC genetic testing and 23andMe's test kit available here.
Closing out the first quarter with a big change, in February FDA Commissioner Margaret A. Hamburg, MD, announced that she would be stepping down at the end of March. Taking her place as Acting FDA Commissioner was Stephen Ostroff, MD. Dr. Ostroff began his term on April 1, 2015, and will continue to serve until a new commissioner is appointed and takes over. When will that be, you may wonder? Although we are sorry to say that we cannot give you an exact date, we can tell you that progress is being made and Dr. Robert Califf was nominated by President Obama in September.
With an exorbitant number of bills from both the House of Representatives and the Senate, 2015 was certainly one of the top years for FDA-related legislation. From the 21st Century Cures Act to the Accelerating Innovation in Medicine Act and everything in between, it will be interesting to watch as the proposed legislation continues its journey through the government in 2016.
As stated in the user fee acts (PDUFA, MDUFA, GDUFA, and BsUFA), every five years the laws must be reevaluated and negotiated. The current laws were last negotiated in 2012 and are due to be reevaluated and finalized in 2017. Accordingly, the Agency began the negotiation process last year. With a number of meetings, debates, and discussions completed, the negotiation process is well underway and on the path to making the 2017 deadline.
In August of last year, Turing Pharmaceuticals acquired Daraprim, an antiparasitic compound. The product has been on the market for nearly 62 years and is used with other medications to treat toxoplasmosis, a serious parasite infection of the body, brain, or eye. In addition, Daraprim is also used to prevent toxoplasmosis infection in people suffering from HIV.
Almost immediately following the acquisition, Martin Shkreli, the founder and former CEO of Turing Pharmaceuticals increased the price of Daraprim from $13.50 to $750 per tablet. This drastic price hike grabbed the attention of news outlets and headlines worldwide.
Since the increase, Shkreli has received continuous and widespread criticism. In addition, he resigned from his position in the company after being arrested by the FBI on charges of securities fraud in December.
Perhaps one of the largest and most monumental events of 2015 was the approval of the first biosimilar product in the United States. Though they have been commercially available in Europe and other parts of the world for quite some time, the FDA approved ZarxioTM (filgrastim-sndz) as the first US biosimilar in March.
However, along with the approval came retaliation. Zarxio (filgrastim-sndz), is a biosimilar alternative to Amgen's anti-infection drug Neupogen and is manufactured by Sandoz, a division of Novartis. Following the FDA's green light for Zarxio, the fight between Amgen and Sandoz began and was settled later in the year with a fight in court over Novartis' right to sell Zarxio. Novartis won the battle, receiving acknowledgement of its right to sell the ground breaking product. On September 3, Sandoz announced the availability of Zarxio in the US.
It will be interesting to watch as more biosimilar products seek FDA approval and we are eager to see what the next approved product will be.
2015 was an eventful year for everyone in the pharmaceutical industry. We hope that you accomplished whatever you set out to achieve and that you experienced great success. As we prepare for another big year ahead, we hope 2016 turns out just as well.
Are you seeking FDA approval for your product? Do you need assistance with all regulatory and compliance facets of your product(s)? We can help. Our unique approach combines a deep scientific knowledge with regulatory expertise and has a track record of helping our clients achieve successful outcomes with FDA. To learn more about how we can help you, please contact us.
Written by Kristen Booth, Marketing Associate at The Weinberg Group, the world's leading food and drug consulting firm. If you have any questions or thoughts on this blog post or others, please contact us.


text:
National Park CA, NV
Pete Aguereberry
Basque miner who singlehandedly ran the Eureka Mine for decades.
Zabriskie
General Manager of the Pacific Coast Borax Company.
Juliet Brier
Part of the '49ers group, and called "the best man of the party."
Death Valley Scotty
A storyteller who claimed another's castle as his own.
Albert Mussey Johnson
& Bessie Penniman Johnson
Wealthy landowners who built "Scotty's Castle" as a vacation home.
Edna Brush Perkins
Activist, adventurer, and author.
Shorty Harris
A prospector with an uncanny knack for finding gold.
Mary Dedecker
Environmentalist and botanist who many Death Valley plants are named for.
Land of a Thousand Stories
The human stories in this vast land are as numerous as the variations of color found in the hills and valleys here. Whether it was the lure of mineral wealth or the resort industry that brought people here, every person who entered this valley experienced it in a different way. Exploring those differences is what makes a study of the ethnic history of Death Valley so exciting and challenging.
The Timbisha Shoshone Indians lived here for centuries before the first white man entered the valley. They hunted and followed seasonal migrations for harvesting of pinyon pine nuts and mesquite beans with their families. To them, the land provided everything they needed and many areas were, and are, considered to be sacred places.
Black Forty-Niners
The party of emigrants coming into Death Valley in 1849 had an experience that would ultimately establish Death Valley's reputation. While much is known about some of the members of this group, the histories of others remain hidden. There were 3 black men in the group of '49ers who traversed Death Valley during that fateful trip. They were Negro Joe, Little West and Smith. Negro Joe was possibly the slave of Dr. Fred Carr. Little West was a slave, unknown owner, probably from Mississippi and Smith, the third man, was from Missouri. Smith travelled with a group of German immigrants for a time and then followed the Jayhawkers. His ultimate fate was unknown but it was rumored that he was killed by Indians after leaving Panamint Valley. How did Smith happen to be travelling with the '49ers? What were the experiences of Negro Joe and Little West here? Their stories remain an intriguing mystery.
Chinese Workers
As silver and borax discoveries brought people into Death Valley in the late 1800's, another ethnic group came into the Valley. Chinese workers built Panamint City in the 1870's, but they didn't stay in the area. Another group toiled in the successful mining operation at Harmony Borax Works. They made a road 160 miles long through the salt pinnacles and raked the borax off the valley floor from 1883 until 1888 when the last 20 mule teams rolled out of the valley. Then, they too disappeared, leaving only bits of broken bottles, pottery shards and remnants of porcelain in their place. What were their feelings about this place? Did they ever come back? Questions with no known answers.
Basque History
The Basque history of Death Valley has produced several people of note. Dolph Nevares was employed by the Pacific Coast Borax Company as the Greenland Ranch caretaker in 1900 and later, as a prospector for borax. He left the borax company and settled at Cow Creek where he grew fruits and vegetables. "One day I looked around wondering where time had gone--50 years of it." Eventually Dolph left Death Valley and moved to San Bernardino. Domingo Etcharren was known as the Basque butcher from Ballarat. He was also the prospecting partner of Jack Keane. In December 1903 they found gold. Domingo took his profits and bought land in Darwin, becoming a leading citizen of that town. He and Pete Aguereberry, another Basque, were good friends. Pete had come into Death Valley in the summer of 1905 to prospect. While travelling with Shorty Harris, he found gold. In the aftermath of that strike the town of Harrisburg came into being. Long after Harrisburg had boomed out, Pete continued to work in his Eureka mine until death stopped the old prospector and miner in 1945.
Japanese American Internees
When a riot broke out at Manzanar War Relocation Camp in December 1942, a group of 65 Japanese and Japanese American internees were brought into Death Valley for their safety. They were housed in old CCC barracks at Cow Creek and for approximately three months they lived and voluntarily worked with a skeleton crew of National Park Service staff. By mid February, jobs and sponsors had been found for them in other parts of the country and they left Death Valley. For more of their story, visit the National Park Service's Confinement and Ethnicity page.
Death Valley, CA 92328


Terreno Realty Corporation (TRNO - Free Report)	has provided insights on its first-quarter 2019 operating, investment and capital market activities.
Terreno's assets experienced a solid demand for space on the back of improving fundamentals of industrial markets. This helped the company properties to be 98.1% leased as of Mar 31, 2019.
The same-store portfolio of approximately 12 million square feet was 99% leased as of Mar 31, 2019, compared with 99.1% at the end of the prior quarter. Further, cash rents on new and renewed leases for 1 million square feet of space commencing during the quarter increased 14.5%.
In fact, in the past three months, shares of this Zacks #2 (Buy) Ranked company have outperformed the industry. While its shares have gained 18.7%, the industry rallied 13.1% during this period.
In sync with its strategy of acquiring industrial properties in strategic locations, this San Francisco-based real estate investment trust (REIT) purchased three industrial properties and two improved land parcels in the first quarter, for a total price of $63.1 million.
Specifically, it purchased a 28,000-square-foot property at 48 3rd Street and 286 Central Avenue for approximately $14.1 million. The company also acquired a transshipment building at 56-85 49th Street in Maspeth Queens, NY, for $24 million.
On the disposition front, Terreno sold an industrial distribution building — situated in Corona, CL— covering 90,000 square feet, for $12.4 million. It was purchased in 2014 for nearly $7.8 million.
During the quarter, Terreno raised $82.3 million in gross proceeds by issuing around 1.98 million shares of common stock under the company's at-the-market equity offering program. No shares were repurchased by the company. Additionally, it reduced balance under its senior secured loan to nearly $16 million.
Notably, industrial REITs will scale new heights, with a recovering economy and job-market gains, as well as elevated consumption levels. Moreover, with a healthy manufacturing environment and high business inventories, the demand for warehouse and logistics real estate is anticipated to be healthy, giving a significant impetus to industrial REITs like Terreno, Duke Realty (DRE - Free Report)	, Prologis Inc. (PLD - Free Report)	and Liberty Property Trust (LPT - Free Report)	.


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Department of Engineering / News / Cambridge collaborates on new device to accelerate drug development in the fight against brain cancer
Cambridge collaborates on new device to accelerate drug development in the fight against brain cancer
Researchers have developed a 3D microvessel-on-a-chip device for the study of glioblastoma – a fast-growing and aggressive form of brain tumour that develops chemo-resistance over current treatments. Creating 'humanised' in vitro models to study brain cancers using patient-derived cancer cells, could improve our understanding of how cancer sub-types and the microvessel environment drive chemo-resistance, leading to the rapid testing of new drugs and therapeutic approaches.
We look forward to seeing engineering tool kits making an increasing impact on clinical treatments.
Dr Shery Huang
The current standard of care for patients diagnosed with glioblastoma – of which there are around 2,500 new cases every year in the UK alone – involves a combination of tumour resection surgery, chemotherapy and radiation that would give the patient an average survival rate of less than 15 months. Brain tumours are known to be highly heterogeneous among different patients; and even for the same patient, the tumour composition can be very different depending on the tumour region, which means that different sub-types of cancer cells and their environment can respond very differently to the same drug.
In order to further understand the behaviour of patient-derived glioblastoma stem-like cells (GSCs) and their interactions with the blood-brain barrier – a key role in identifying new drug targets – there is a need to develop a microfluidic device to perform comparative studies in order to investigate how the types of GSCs and microvessels affect the cells' gene expression, cancer cell speed and direction of migration. These GSCs can migrate in the brain vasculature within or away from the tumour mass, increasing tumour resistance to treatments and contributing to relapses. The results of the study, involving the University of Cambridge, University of Toronto, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, King's College London and the University of Edinburgh, are published with open access in the journal Lab on a Chip.
The researchers created flowable vasculature models generated from endothelial cells from the human brain, umbilical vein and lung, in order to study the characteristics of the microvessels and their interaction with GSCs derived from different patient cancer subtypes. The customisable nature of the device, opens up the possibility for clinicians to be able to study tumour susceptibility to new treatments.
At Cambridge, this work was initiated between bioengineers Magda Gerigk, a recipient of the CRUK Multidisciplinary Studentship, and Dr Shery Huang, from the Department of Engineering; neurosurgeon Dr Harry Bulstrode, from the Department of Clinical Neuroscience; and clinician lead Professor David Rowitch, from the Department of Paediatrics.
Corresponding author Dr Huang, Assistant Professor in Bioengineering and Group Leader of the Biointerface Research Group, said the novel creation of the flowable brain microvessel, the ability to perform gene expression analysis, and the use of live-cell imaging and image analysis aided understanding of brain tumour progression.
"We look forward to seeing engineering tool kits making an increasing impact on clinical treatments," said Dr Huang.
Magda Gerigk et al. 'On-chip perivascular niche supporting stemness of patient-derived glioma cells in a serum-free, flowable culture'. Lab on a Chip (2021). DOI: 10.1039/D1LC00271F
Artist's impression of the 3D microvessel-on-a-chip device for the study of glioblastoma.
Credit: Yuanyuan Bei
Dr Yan Yan Shery Huang
Miss Magda Gerigk
Open access: On-chip perivascular niche supporting stemness of patient-derived glioma cells in a serum-free, flowable culture
Biointerface Research Group


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Welcome to the Association of Professional Executives of the Public Service of Canada (APEX), an independent not-for-profit corporation that proudly represents the interests of all federal public service executives from coast to coast to coast.
Established in 1984, APEX is governed by a board of directors made up of fifteen executives representing the National Capital Region and every other region of Canada.
The wide range of APEX activities and initiatives is designed to provide executives with opportunities to develop a strong community of practice, promote their physical and mental well-being, and support excellence in leadership.
The organization has built a strong reputation over the years through the APEX Symposium, which brings in internationally renowned speakers from the private and public sectors and academe, and is attended by hundreds of executives every year. APEX is known for the quality of its Advisory Service for Executives, which provides confidential advice and referral services to public service executives across Canada.
It is also known for the Executive Work and Health Survey it conducts every five years, and for its presentations, group discussions and other initiatives. It is an important driver of improvements in the work environment to achieve better individual and organizational health, and is recognized as a significant contributor to all aspects of research into workplace well-being, particularly as it affects executives.
The Association was established by public service executives to provide services and organize activities for their own community. It continues to strive constantly to enable executives to benefit from the advantages of membership and the services it offers, both in the National Capital Region and across Canada. APEX also offers videoconferencing activities to reach out to executives directly in their own offices.
The high proportion of executives who belong to APEX is evidence of the trust you place in your association. APEX wants to make contacting your association the first resource that comes to mind to meet your professional needs, and to enhance your personal growth and leadership skills. The association invites executives to become members of the community and enjoy its many benefits. Welcome to APEX, your association!
APEX mission:
To strengthen leadership practices, promote the well-being of executives and their working environments, and develop a mutually supportive national leadership community.
APEX vision:
APEX is recognized by all stakeholders as a strong leader and advocate for executives of the Public Service of Canada. Its substantial membership is engaged and participates actively in the events it offers, contributing to the livelihood and learning of the executive community. It is recognized as being the source of information and support for Executives of the Public Service of Canada.


BEST ROUND FOR 1000 YARD TARGETS?
Discussion in 'Rifles, Bullets, Barrels & Ballistics' started by demarpaint, Jan 10, 2003.
What would you consider the best round, and barrel length for punching paper at 1000 yards, and why?
Are you benchresting or just shooting 3 shot groups, or what?
What is maximum weight you will accept?
What kind of front support?
T=150(d/r) for velocities from about 1500 to 2800 fps. Substitute 180 for the 150 value for velocities exceeding 2800 fps. "T" is the twist rate. "d" is the bullet diameter. "r" is the bullet length to diameter ratio (length of bullet divided by diameter). In .308, it works out fairly well. Sierra 168 grain Matchking is 0.308 inches in diameter. Bullet length is about 1.210 inches so we have a length to diameter ratio of 3.929. Plugging this value into the formula and using the 150 constant (the proven best velocity for the 168 grain MK is 2550 - 2600 fps), we get T=150 x (.308/3.929); T=150 x 0.078; T=11.76 inches or 11 3/4 inch twist …. One rotation of the bullet for every 11.76 inches of barrel traveled. This is very, very close to the "standard" 12 twist barrels on alot of 26" Remington 700s. The 175 Matchkings do not perform as well in the 12 twist barrels. Again diameter is 0.308 inches. Bullet length is 1.257 inches, resulting in an ld ratio of 4.081. … plugging into formula (optimal velocity is 2500 to 2550 fps so we will use the 150 constant again) T = 150 x (.308/4.081); T = 150 x 0.0755; T = 11.320.
Barrel legnth is up to you, for max velocity 26" can be favorable, for max accuracy, shorter might be the wise choice. You will be suprised how little 40 or 50 FPS makes at 1000 yards vs. accuracy. As far as why I choose the 308, without going into lots of $$$ in experimenting with wild cats, I belive their are 2 standard cartridges that are perfectly ballanced for optimum accuracy, 1. the 308, and 2. the 50 BMG. They are both the prefered sniper weapon of the military and both very popular on the match scene.
I am looking for something that is for both fun and possible competition (at a later date). It will be fired from a bench with a rest.
I would like to keep the weight to around 15 lb. (as long that is legal for competition), and I tend to prefer longer barrels.
I am looking at building a 1,000 yard competition rifle for myself. My experience and background haunt me with thoughts like, " YOU NEED TWO RIFLES TO COMPETE IN DIFFERENT CONDITIONS WITH "
I am torn between a .243 imp. on Lapua brass in a 9" twist Lilja 3 groove, on a Lone Wolf thumb hole with a 3" wide forend, or a 6.5 WSM, similar setup, but 8" twist.
The 6.5 would give me superior ballistics and better wind deflection for gusty or windy days, but I am waiting to see if quality brass is really going to show up from Norma or Lapua.
The inherent accuracy of the .243 imp would be what I would want on a calm day. I believe that we have seen enough at 600 and 1,200 yds. with this cartridge, that it is capable of world record performance, in the right conditions, with either the 95 berger, or the 105 JLK.
Action wise, I like the Nesika if money is no object, however, I will probably wind up using a Panda, or Kodiak that I have previously aquired.
What length tube would you use with those rounds? I like them long but want to avoid barrel whip.
If I were building a light conditions gun in .243 imp. I would choose about a 26" barrel mainly because the brake would operate at a higher pressure, and the historical accuracy at around this length is unbelievablely consistant, I say this with confidence, because I have chambered so many of them.
For the heavy conditions gun, I would go with the 30" barrel because I do not see the last 1/20 MOA deciding much in any serious wind condition. So many calibers shoot so well, I believe any choice with quality brass and well made bullets will be competetive, just look at the records, nothing really dominates for very long. I totally disagree with most of the 1,000 yard boys, about having to have a gunsmith that has built champion rifles, we have 12 gunsmiths that shoot at our club that can build a 1/4 minute gun. Five of these guys have won National championships with guns they built with their own hands, and some even made their own bullets. One is a five time gold Medalist at the bench rest World Championships. You could hand any one of these guys a Rule Book for the class you want to compete in, and they would build you a great rifle, most of them have known guys like Ferris and Walt Berger for years, and have attended 1,000 yard matches over the years.
I would say find yourself an honest gunsmith that you trust, that has built really competetive rifles in some discipline, and won't take a year to get you your rifle.
So I guess if Ferris Pindell offered to make you a thousand yard gun you should turn him down, because his guns have not recently won a thousand yard contest?
How About Tony Boyer's Gunsmith? Just not good enough?
Each gunsmith earned his status at some point, his first title somehow. There are 1,000 guns in this country that ride the bags real nice, just because they have a 14 twist on them rather than a 9 twist does not make the gunsmith inferior.
If a guy does not have the reamer you need he will tell you, its is only a phone call away.
A lot of great information here, many thanks and keep it coming.
I was considering a Savage or Remington Action (I have both to use as donors), but I guess if I seriously decide to compete with it the custom action is the way to go. Boy is this fun!!!!!! I guess I could build another off a custom action if I finally do compete........ LOL, I wonder what the wife will think?? She's been great to this point!!!!!
Bounty hunter said everything about calibers I would have said. The same calibers are winning consistently at 1000yds.
You said, "7mm is coming on with JLk 168 and 180 bullets. Look at 7WSM and 7 Rem Mag with 1-9 twist barrels."
I've been looking at a 7WSM for long range prone (highpower). I've heard that brass quality has been an issue for 7WSM, but Norma is now making 300WSM, and necked down, it would have a longer neck which IMHO is an advantage. I've also heard that the consistence of the bullets (not cartacucio's or JLK's) has not been up to snuff and guys have been getting frustrated trying to get them to work, as well as supply drying up.
The 280AI has come up in conversations,, but I don't like to fire form.
Pain focuses the mind & dulls the senses.
IMHO, pick one of the many calibers that fit your parameters, build it, then SHOOT the sucker without worrying over the caliber again. Give it one full season, then do an assessment. Lots of good advice above.


The elephant that's in the room is the status that literature has in society, a buffonish one — worse than useless — a parody of culture because m.h.qbrams comes in the form of capital cultural capital. I shall not name culprits; those in the academic world Jul 16, Alan rated it really liked it.
The Mirror and the Lamp M.
Adn think that many of the sciences, when used in conjunction with the understanding of literature, still operate on the whole 'literature as mimesis' thing. Landor's Cleanness Adam Roberts.
Abrams has it all down, from Plato right up to the latest books on aesthetics of his day.
In Abrams became a professor at Cornell University. The second half, though, isn't nearly as impressive.
The question is, if one is a critic right NOW, working on aesthetics, how would we incorporate this rich history of writing and criticism on poetry IF we were to 'enter' science?
But there's much less convincing analysis of the 'x thought y because of z' mode, and really A tough one to rate on the star system, unfortunately, since m.h.arbams very uneven.
Literature as Mirror or Lamp?
Farah rated it liked it Jun 02, How old-fashioned Abrams' concern with writers and lit crit appear under the Mkrror Space Station of political and racial and gender studies. He returned to Harvard for graduate school in and received his Masters' degree in and his PhD in Kathleen rated it it was amazing Dec 10, McLaughlin – – Synthese 3: However, you could do a lot worse than this book for an introduction to a vast range of evolving lit-critical modes through history, starting with Greece and ending in 19 Recommended to me and my classmates last year by the great Professor Borsch-Jacobsen who teaches Intro to Theory and Criticism at University of WashingtonAbrams' book purports to be on lap ROMANTIC" theory of poetry, and it does use that relatively recent strain of criticism as its jumping-off point and frame of reference.
Views Read Edit View mirgor.
In a powerful contrast, Abrams shows that until the Romantics, literature was usually understood as a mirrod, reflecting the real world, in some kind of mimesis; but for the Romantics, writing was more like a lamp: Ajay Deshmukh rated it really liked it Jan 29, Waves, Water, Mirror, Lamp.
Archived PDF from the original on 10 May Read parts as an undergrad and most all in grad school in the late sixties. A tough one to rate on the star system, unfortunately, since it's very uneven.
The great Romantic movement accomplished perhaps the most important revolution in literary history. Abrams, the Romanticist and Norton Anthology Editor".
History of Western Philosophy. Retrieved 23 April The best survey of romantic literary theory.


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Home » CHS acquires Brazilian grain origination company
CHS acquires Brazilian grain origination company
By Eric Schroeder
ST. PAUL, MINN. — CHS Inc. has acquired Atman, an input distribution and grain origination company based in Goiania, Brazil.
"CHS is steadily and strategically expanding its South American grain and crop nutrients business," said Stefano Rettore, senior vice-president, CHS South America, Sao Paulo, Brazil. "As part of CHS, Atman will accelerate our growth. This acquisition will help us further fulfill the CHS aspiration for global commodities expansion by providing expertise in barter operations that are key to the business model in the Brazilian cerrado."
The Atman acquisition is the latest in a series of strategic South American business investments CHS has announced in the past six months. In May, CHS purchased 25% ownership of TCN, a Brazilian logistics company, and also signed a long-term agreement with TCN, securing export terminal access at the Port of Itaqui, Sao Luis, Brazil. In July, CHS acquired 50% ownership of Andali, a provider of fertilizer storage and blending services based in Paranagua, Brazil.
"CHS is committed to the long-term growth and development of its commodities business in Brazil and across the region," Mr. Rettore said. "These investments and the expertise that our partners and new employees bring will help us further add value to our owners."
CHS acquires Tomen Grain facility in Illinois
CHS acquires canola processing plant
CHS, Aurora Cooperative to build grain shuttle loading facility


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Words cannot describe the horror I felt. Now go have fun. We were together about three years. Please find me my wallet. Can I please have this to go? You could well be right. Is it possible to get there on foot? Jones really misses America and he wants to go back. Both Elijah and Duke are award-winning journalists. Who actually performed the surgery?