I am frequently asked, "Where have all the foreclosures gone?" and run into people still expecting vast loads of this "shadow inventory" to hit the market. I thought I would share some timely information on the foreclosure market. Thank you to Roger Cruzen for these excerpts from C.A.R Magazine June/July 2012.
Federal officials hailed it as a major step toward stabilizing the nation's housing and mortgage markets by thawing out a foreclosure process that has been in a state of suspended animation since late 2010. That's when federal and state officials began investigating allegations that the five largest mortgage banks were automatically signing foreclosure-related legal documents without actually reviewing them- a process brilliantly branded as "robo-signing" by plaintiffs' attorneys seeking to demonize banks.
While it is still too early to measure the full impact of February's landmark $25 billion robo-multi-state settlement with Bank of America, JPMorgan Chase, Wells Fargo, Citi-group and Ally Financial (formerly GMAC)- $18 billion of which has been earmarked to help Californians-REALTORS(R) and industry observers already are weighing in. So are politicians. In California,k the settlement has spawned the "Homeowner Bill of Rights," a seven-bill legislative package proposed by Attorney General Kamala D. Harris that pledges to further protect homeowners from unfair and illegal bank practices and help consumers and communities recover from the state's extended economic crisis.
With a settlement in place, some observers predict tha banks might finally dump their long-rumored "shadow inventory" of distressed properties on the market in a tsunami-like wave. That's not happened so far, and it's not likely in the future.
"Distressed" sales, which have regularly accounted for more than half of California home sales, fell to 48.9 percent in February and 44.6 percent in March, according to C.A.R figures., Foreclosures starts, meanwhile, fell to newer-record levels. WIth fewer new foreclosures, REALTORS (R) can expect fewer completed distressed-home sales. In March, REO inventory plunged by 33.1 percent compared with March of 2011, while short sale inventory dropped by 21 percent over the same period.
If you, or someone you know is upside down on their property and is having trouble staying on top of payments, I can help them avoid foreclosure by doing a short sale. Please contact me for more information.


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text:
package br.com.moip.unit_tests;

import br.com.moip.Moip;
import br.com.moip.models.Setup;
import br.com.moip.unit_tests.setup.SetupFactory;
import br.com.moip.utilities.Parser;
import com.rodrigosaito.mockwebserver.player.Play;
import com.rodrigosaito.mockwebserver.player.Player;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Rule;
import org.junit.Test;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import static org.junit.Assert.assertEquals;

public class PaymentTest {

    @Rule
    public Player player = new Player();
    private Setup setup;
    private Map<String, Object> body;
    private Parser parser;

    @Before
    public void initialize() {
        this.body = new HashMap<>();
        this.setup = new SetupFactory().setupBasicAuth(player.getURL("").toString());
        this.parser = new Parser();
    }

    @Play("payment/payment_with_credit_card")
    @Test
    public void paymentWithCreditCardTest() {

        Map<String, Object> payment = Moip.API.payments().pay(body, "ORD-MA1UMH2OJQIO", setup);

        assertEquals("PAY-WVCZZYDPRF22", payment.get("id"));
        assertEquals("IN_ANALYSIS", payment.get("status"));
        assertEquals(false, payment.get("delayCapture"));

        Map<String, Object> amount = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("total"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("gross"));
        assertEquals(0, amount.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amount.get("refunds"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("liquid"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amount.get("currency"));

        assertEquals(1, payment.get("installmentCount"));
        assertEquals("minhaLoja.com", payment.get("statementDescriptor"));

        Map<String, Object> fundingInstrument = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("fundingInstrument"));
        Map<String, Object> creditCard = parser.objectToMap(fundingInstrument.get("creditCard"));
        assertEquals("CRC-CQC2YNRA6UUT", creditCard.get("id"));
        assertEquals("MASTERCARD", creditCard.get("brand"));
        assertEquals("555566", creditCard.get("first6"));
        assertEquals("8884", creditCard.get("last4"));
        assertEquals(true, creditCard.get("store"));

        Map<String, Object> holder = parser.objectToMap(creditCard.get("holder"));
        assertEquals("1988-12-30", holder.get("birthDate"));

        Map<String, Object> taxDocumentHolder = parser.objectToMap(holder.get("taxDocument"));
        assertEquals("CPF", taxDocumentHolder.get("type"));
        assertEquals("33333333333", taxDocumentHolder.get("number"));

        assertEquals("Teste Portador da Silva", holder.get("fullname"));

        assertEquals("CREDIT_CARD", fundingInstrument.get("method"));

        Map<String, Object> acquirerDetails = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("acquirerDetails"));
        assertEquals("123456", acquirerDetails.get("authorizationNumber"));

        Map<String, Object> taxDocument = parser.objectToMap(acquirerDetails.get("taxDocument"));
        assertEquals("CNPJ", taxDocument.get("type"));
        assertEquals("01027058000191", taxDocument.get("number"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> fees = parser.objectToList(payment.get("fees"));
        assertEquals("TRANSACTION", fees.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals(0, fees.get(0).get("amount"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> events = parser.objectToList(payment.get("events"));

        // events[0]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.IN_ANALYSIS", events.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T11:22:52.568-03", events.get(0).get("createdAt"));

        // events[1]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.CREATED", events.get(1).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T11:22:50.088-03", events.get(1).get("createdAt"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> receivers = parser.objectToList(payment.get("receivers"));
        Map<String, Object> moipAccount = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("moipAccount"));
        assertEquals("MPA-CULBBYHD11", moipAccount.get("id"));
        assertEquals("integracao@labs.moip.com.br", moipAccount.get("login"));
        assertEquals("Moip SandBox", moipAccount.get("fullname"));

        assertEquals("PRIMARY", receivers.get(0).get("type"));

        Map<String, Object> amountReceived = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amountReceived.get("total"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amountReceived.get("currency"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("refunds"));

        assertEquals(true, receivers.get(0).get("feePayor"));

        Map<String, Object> device = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("device"));
        assertEquals("127.0.0.1", device.get("ip"));

        Map<String, Object> geolocation = parser.objectToMap(device.get("geolocation"));
        assertEquals(-33.867, geolocation.get("latitude"));
        assertEquals(151.206, geolocation.get("longitude"));

        assertEquals("Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36", device.get("userAgent"));
        assertEquals("QAZXswedCVGrtgBNHyujMKIkolpQAZXswedCVGrtgBNHyujMKIkolpQAZXswedCVGrtgBNHyujMKIkolpQAZXswedCVGrtgBNHyujMKIkolp", device.get("fingerprint"));

        Map<String, Object> links = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("_links"));
        Map<String, Object> self = parser.objectToMap(links.get("self"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/payments/PAY-WVCZZYDPRF22", self.get("href"));

        Map<String, Object> order = parser.objectToMap(links.get("order"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/orders/ORD-MA1UMH2OJQIO", order.get("href"));
        assertEquals("ORD-MA1UMH2OJQIO", order.get("title"));

        assertEquals("2018-07-16T11:22:50.061-03", payment.get("createdAt"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T11:22:52.568-03", payment.get("updatedAt"));
    }

    @Play("payment/payment_with_boleto")
    @Test
    public void paymentWithBoletoTest() {

        Map<String, Object> payment = Moip.API.payments().pay(body, "ORD-9S0XI6VIMTJ7", setup);

        assertEquals("PAY-9SGAMYL775UX", payment.get("id"));
        assertEquals("WAITING", payment.get("status"));
        assertEquals(false, payment.get("delayCapture"));

        Map<String, Object> amount = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("total"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("gross"));
        assertEquals(0, amount.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amount.get("refunds"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("liquid"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amount.get("currency"));

        assertEquals(1, payment.get("installmentCount"));

        Map<String, Object> fundingInstrument = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("fundingInstrument"));
        Map<String, Object> boleto = parser.objectToMap(fundingInstrument.get("boleto"));
        assertEquals("2020-06-20", boleto.get("expirationDate"));
        assertEquals("00190.00009 01014.051005 00000.787176 7 72370000001000", boleto.get("lineCode"));
        assertEquals("http://www.lojaexemplo.com.br/logo.jpg", boleto.get("logoUri"));

        Map<String, Object> instructionLines = parser.objectToMap(boleto.get("instructionLines"));
        assertEquals("Atenção,", instructionLines.get("first"));
        assertEquals("fique atento à data de vencimento do boleto.", instructionLines.get("second"));
        assertEquals("Pague em qualquer casa lotérica.", instructionLines.get("third"));

        assertEquals("BOLETO", fundingInstrument.get("method"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> fees = parser.objectToList(payment.get("fees"));
        assertEquals("TRANSACTION", fees.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals(0, fees.get(0).get("amount"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> events = parser.objectToList(payment.get("events"));

        // events[0]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.CREATED", events.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T13:22:41.284-03", events.get(0).get("createdAt"));

        // events[1]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.WAITING", events.get(1).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T13:22:41.284-03", events.get(1).get("createdAt"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> receivers = parser.objectToList(payment.get("receivers"));
        Map<String, Object> moipAccount = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("moipAccount"));
        assertEquals("MPA-CULBBYHD11", moipAccount.get("id"));
        assertEquals("integracao@labs.moip.com.br", moipAccount.get("login"));
        assertEquals("Moip SandBox", moipAccount.get("fullname"));

        Map<String, Object> amountReceived = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amountReceived.get("total"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amountReceived.get("currency"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("refunds"));

        assertEquals(true, receivers.get(0).get("feePayor"));

        Map<String, Object> links = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("_links"));
        Map<String, Object> self = parser.objectToMap(links.get("self"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/payments/PAY-9SGAMYL775UX", self.get("href"));

        Map<String, Object> order = parser.objectToMap(links.get("order"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/orders/ORD-9S0XI6VIMTJ7", order.get("href"));
        assertEquals("ORD-9S0XI6VIMTJ7", order.get("title"));

        assertEquals("2018-07-16T13:22:41.282-03", payment.get("createdAt"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T13:22:41.282-03", payment.get("updatedAt"));
    }

    @Play("payment/payment_with_online_bank_debit")
    @Test
    public void paymentWithOnlineBankDebitTest() {

        Map<String, Object> payment = Moip.API.payments().pay(body, "ORD-GVEF677TOU7D", setup);

        assertEquals("PAY-SKEH9F7N532S", payment.get("id"));
        assertEquals("WAITING", payment.get("status"));
        assertEquals(false, payment.get("delayCapture"));

        Map<String, Object> amount = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("total"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("gross"));
        assertEquals(277, amount.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amount.get("refunds"));
        assertEquals(10723, amount.get("liquid"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amount.get("currency"));

        assertEquals(1, payment.get("installmentCount"));

        Map<String, Object> fundingInstrument = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("fundingInstrument"));
        assertEquals("ONLINE_BANK_DEBIT", fundingInstrument.get("method"));

        Map<String, Object> onlineBankDebit = parser.objectToMap(fundingInstrument.get("onlineBankDebit"));
        assertEquals("341", onlineBankDebit.get("bankNumber"));
        assertEquals("2018-11-22", onlineBankDebit.get("expirationDate"));
        assertEquals("BANCO ITAU S.A.", onlineBankDebit.get("bankName"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> fees = parser.objectToList(payment.get("fees"));
        assertEquals("TRANSACTION", fees.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals(277, fees.get(0).get("amount"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> events = parser.objectToList(payment.get("events"));

        // events[0]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.CREATED", events.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T13:52:06.138-03", events.get(0).get("createdAt"));

        // events[1]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.WAITING", events.get(1).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T13:52:06.138-03", events.get(1).get("createdAt"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> receivers = parser.objectToList(payment.get("receivers"));
        Map<String, Object> moipAccount = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("moipAccount"));
        assertEquals("MPA-CULBBYHD11", moipAccount.get("id"));
        assertEquals("integracao@labs.moip.com.br", moipAccount.get("login"));
        assertEquals("Moip SandBox", moipAccount.get("fullname"));

        Map<String, Object> amountReceived = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amountReceived.get("total"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amountReceived.get("currency"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("refunds"));

        assertEquals(true, receivers.get(0).get("feePayor"));

        Map<String, Object> links = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("_links"));
        Map<String, Object> self = parser.objectToMap(links.get("self"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/payments/PAY-SKEH9F7N532S", self.get("href"));

        Map<String, Object> order = parser.objectToMap(links.get("order"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/orders/ORD-GVEF677TOU7D", order.get("href"));
        assertEquals("ORD-GVEF677TOU7D", order.get("title"));

        Map<String, Object> payOnlineBankDebitItau = parser.objectToMap(links.get("payOnlineBankDebitItau"));
        assertEquals("https://checkout-sandbox.moip.com.br/debit/itau/PAY-SKEH9F7N532S", payOnlineBankDebitItau.get("redirectHref"));

        assertEquals("2018-07-16T13:52:06.136-03", payment.get("createdAt"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T13:52:06.136-03", payment.get("updatedAt"));
    }

    @Play("payment/pre_authorized_payment")
    @Test
    public void createPreAuthorizedPaymentTest() {

        Map<String, Object> payment = Moip.API.payments().pay(body, "ORD-J5F0JITE58DV", setup);

        assertEquals("PAY-MMU64JJBUI6Z", payment.get("id"));
        assertEquals("IN_ANALYSIS", payment.get("status"));
        assertEquals(true, payment.get("delayCapture"));

        Map<String, Object> amount = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("total"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("gross"));
        assertEquals(0, amount.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amount.get("refunds"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("liquid"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amount.get("currency"));

        assertEquals(3, payment.get("installmentCount"));
        assertEquals("Minha Loja", payment.get("statementDescriptor"));

        Map<String, Object> fundingInstrument = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("fundingInstrument"));
        Map<String, Object> creditCard = parser.objectToMap(fundingInstrument.get("creditCard"));
        assertEquals("CRC-CQC2YNRA6UUT", creditCard.get("id"));
        assertEquals("MASTERCARD", creditCard.get("brand"));
        assertEquals("555566", creditCard.get("first6"));
        assertEquals("8884", creditCard.get("last4"));
        assertEquals(true, creditCard.get("store"));

        Map<String, Object> holder = parser.objectToMap(creditCard.get("holder"));
        assertEquals("1988-12-30", holder.get("birthDate"));

        Map<String, Object> taxDocumentHolder = parser.objectToMap(holder.get("taxDocument"));
        assertEquals("CPF", taxDocumentHolder.get("type"));
        assertEquals("78994193600", taxDocumentHolder.get("number"));

        Map<String, Object> billingAddress = parser.objectToMap(holder.get("billingAddress"));
        assertEquals("Avenida Contorno", billingAddress.get("street"));
        assertEquals("400", billingAddress.get("streetNumber"));
        assertEquals("Savassi", billingAddress.get("district"));
        assertEquals("Belo Horizonte", billingAddress.get("city"));
        assertEquals("MG", billingAddress.get("state"));
        assertEquals("BRA", billingAddress.get("country"));
        assertEquals("76932800", billingAddress.get("zipCode"));

        assertEquals("Roberto Oliveira", holder.get("fullname"));

        assertEquals("CREDIT_CARD", fundingInstrument.get("method"));

        Map<String, Object> acquirerDetails = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("acquirerDetails"));
        assertEquals("123456", acquirerDetails.get("authorizationNumber"));

        Map<String, Object> taxDocument = parser.objectToMap(acquirerDetails.get("taxDocument"));
        assertEquals("CNPJ", taxDocument.get("type"));
        assertEquals("01027058000191", taxDocument.get("number"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> fees = parser.objectToList(payment.get("fees"));
        assertEquals("TRANSACTION", fees.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals(0, fees.get(0).get("amount"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> events = parser.objectToList(payment.get("events"));

        // events[0]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.IN_ANALYSIS", events.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:40.090-03", events.get(0).get("createdAt"));

        // events[1]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.CREATED", events.get(1).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:34.179-03", events.get(1).get("createdAt"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> receivers = parser.objectToList(payment.get("receivers"));
        Map<String, Object> moipAccount = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("moipAccount"));
        assertEquals("MPA-CULBBYHD11", moipAccount.get("id"));
        assertEquals("integracao@labs.moip.com.br", moipAccount.get("login"));
        assertEquals("Moip SandBox", moipAccount.get("fullname"));

        assertEquals("PRIMARY", receivers.get(0).get("type"));

        Map<String, Object> amountReceived = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amountReceived.get("total"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amountReceived.get("currency"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("refunds"));

        assertEquals(true, receivers.get(0).get("feePayor"));

        Map<String, Object> links = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("_links"));
        Map<String, Object> self = parser.objectToMap(links.get("self"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/payments/PAY-MMU64JJBUI6Z", self.get("href"));

        Map<String, Object> order = parser.objectToMap(links.get("order"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/orders/ORD-J5F0JITE58DV", order.get("href"));
        assertEquals("ORD-J5F0JITE58DV", order.get("title"));

        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:34.152-03", payment.get("createdAt"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:40.090-03", payment.get("updatedAt"));
    }

    @Play("payment/capture_pre_authorized")
    @Test
    public void capturePreAuthorizedTest() {

        Map<String, Object> capture = Moip.API.payments().capturePreAuthorized("PAY-MMU64JJBUI6Z", setup);

        assertEquals("PAY-MMU64JJBUI6Z", capture.get("id"));
        assertEquals("AUTHORIZED", capture.get("status"));
        assertEquals(true, capture.get("delayCapture"));

        Map<String, Object> amount = parser.objectToMap(capture.get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("total"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("gross"));
        assertEquals(1127, amount.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amount.get("refunds"));
        assertEquals(9873, amount.get("liquid"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amount.get("currency"));

        assertEquals(3, capture.get("installmentCount"));
        assertEquals("Minha Loja", capture.get("statementDescriptor"));

        Map<String, Object> fundingInstrument = parser.objectToMap(capture.get("fundingInstrument"));
        Map<String, Object> creditCard = parser.objectToMap(fundingInstrument.get("creditCard"));
        assertEquals("CRC-CQC2YNRA6UUT", creditCard.get("id"));
        assertEquals("MASTERCARD", creditCard.get("brand"));
        assertEquals("555566", creditCard.get("first6"));
        assertEquals("8884", creditCard.get("last4"));
        assertEquals(true, creditCard.get("store"));

        Map<String, Object> holder = parser.objectToMap(creditCard.get("holder"));
        assertEquals("1988-12-30", holder.get("birthDate"));

        Map<String, Object> taxDocumentHolder = parser.objectToMap(holder.get("taxDocument"));
        assertEquals("CPF", taxDocumentHolder.get("type"));
        assertEquals("78994193600", taxDocumentHolder.get("number"));

        Map<String, Object> billingAddress = parser.objectToMap(holder.get("billingAddress"));
        assertEquals("Avenida Contorno", billingAddress.get("street"));
        assertEquals("400", billingAddress.get("streetNumber"));
        assertEquals("Savassi", billingAddress.get("district"));
        assertEquals("Belo Horizonte", billingAddress.get("city"));
        assertEquals("MG", billingAddress.get("state"));
        assertEquals("BRA", billingAddress.get("country"));
        assertEquals("76932800", billingAddress.get("zipCode"));

        assertEquals("Roberto Oliveira", holder.get("fullname"));

        assertEquals("CREDIT_CARD", fundingInstrument.get("method"));

        Map<String, Object> acquirerDetails = parser.objectToMap(capture.get("acquirerDetails"));
        assertEquals("123456", acquirerDetails.get("authorizationNumber"));

        Map<String, Object> taxDocument = parser.objectToMap(acquirerDetails.get("taxDocument"));
        assertEquals("CNPJ", taxDocument.get("type"));
        assertEquals("01027058000191", taxDocument.get("number"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> fees = parser.objectToList(capture.get("fees"));

        // fees[0]
        assertEquals("TRANSACTION", fees.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals(585, fees.get(0).get("amount"));

        // fees[1]
        assertEquals("PRE_PAYMENT", fees.get(1).get("type"));
        assertEquals(542, fees.get(1).get("amount"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> events = parser.objectToList(capture.get("events"));

        // events[0]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.AUTHORIZED", events.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T15:51:49.583-03", events.get(0).get("createdAt"));

        // events[1]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.IN_ANALYSIS", events.get(1).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:40.000-03", events.get(1).get("createdAt"));

        // events[2]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.PRE_AUTHORIZED", events.get(2).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:40.000-03", events.get(2).get("createdAt"));

        // events[3]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.CREATED", events.get(3).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:34.000-03", events.get(3).get("createdAt"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> receivers = parser.objectToList(capture.get("receivers"));
        Map<String, Object> moipAccount = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("moipAccount"));
        assertEquals("MPA-CULBBYHD11", moipAccount.get("id"));
        assertEquals("integracao@labs.moip.com.br", moipAccount.get("login"));
        assertEquals("Moip SandBox", moipAccount.get("fullname"));

        assertEquals("PRIMARY", receivers.get(0).get("type"));

        Map<String, Object> amountReceived = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amountReceived.get("total"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amountReceived.get("currency"));
        assertEquals(1127, amountReceived.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("refunds"));

        assertEquals(true, receivers.get(0).get("feePayor"));

        Map<String, Object> links = parser.objectToMap(capture.get("_links"));
        Map<String, Object> self = parser.objectToMap(links.get("self"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/payments/PAY-MMU64JJBUI6Z", self.get("href"));

        Map<String, Object> order = parser.objectToMap(links.get("order"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/orders/ORD-J5F0JITE58DV", order.get("href"));
        assertEquals("ORD-J5F0JITE58DV", order.get("title"));

        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:34.000-03", capture.get("createdAt"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T15:51:49.582-03", capture.get("updatedAt"));
    }

    @Play("payment/cancel_pre_authorized")
    @Test
    public void cancelPreAuthorized() {

        Map<String, Object> cancel = Moip.API.payments().cancelPreAuthorized("PAY-44R4XT17VP50", setup);

        assertEquals("PAY-44R4XT17VP50", cancel.get("id"));
        assertEquals("CANCELLED", cancel.get("status"));
        assertEquals(true, cancel.get("delayCapture"));

        Map<String, Object> cancellationDetails = parser.objectToMap(cancel.get("cancellationDetails"));
        assertEquals("7", cancellationDetails.get("code"));
        assertEquals("Política do Moip", cancellationDetails.get("description"));
        assertEquals("MOIP", cancellationDetails.get("cancelledBy"));

        Map<String, Object> amount = parser.objectToMap(cancel.get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("total"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("gross"));
        assertEquals(1127, amount.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amount.get("refunds"));
        assertEquals(9873, amount.get("liquid"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amount.get("currency"));

        assertEquals(3, cancel.get("installmentCount"));
        assertEquals("Minha Loja", cancel.get("statementDescriptor"));

        Map<String, Object> fundingInstrument = parser.objectToMap(cancel.get("fundingInstrument"));
        Map<String, Object> creditCard = parser.objectToMap(fundingInstrument.get("creditCard"));
        assertEquals("CRC-CQC2YNRA6UUT", creditCard.get("id"));
        assertEquals("MASTERCARD", creditCard.get("brand"));
        assertEquals("555566", creditCard.get("first6"));
        assertEquals("8884", creditCard.get("last4"));
        assertEquals(true, creditCard.get("store"));

        Map<String, Object> holder = parser.objectToMap(creditCard.get("holder"));
        assertEquals("1988-12-30", holder.get("birthDate"));

        Map<String, Object> taxDocumentHolder = parser.objectToMap(holder.get("taxDocument"));
        assertEquals("CPF", taxDocumentHolder.get("type"));
        assertEquals("78994193600", taxDocumentHolder.get("number"));

        Map<String, Object> billingAddress = parser.objectToMap(holder.get("billingAddress"));
        assertEquals("Avenida Contorno", billingAddress.get("street"));
        assertEquals("400", billingAddress.get("streetNumber"));
        assertEquals("Savassi", billingAddress.get("district"));
        assertEquals("Belo Horizonte", billingAddress.get("city"));
        assertEquals("MG", billingAddress.get("state"));
        assertEquals("BRA", billingAddress.get("country"));
        assertEquals("76932800", billingAddress.get("zipCode"));

        assertEquals("Roberto Oliveira", holder.get("fullname"));

        assertEquals("CREDIT_CARD", fundingInstrument.get("method"));

        Map<String, Object> acquirerDetails = parser.objectToMap(cancel.get("acquirerDetails"));
        assertEquals("123456", acquirerDetails.get("authorizationNumber"));

        Map<String, Object> taxDocument = parser.objectToMap(acquirerDetails.get("taxDocument"));
        assertEquals("CNPJ", taxDocument.get("type"));
        assertEquals("01027058000191", taxDocument.get("number"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> fees = parser.objectToList(cancel.get("fees"));

        // fees[0]
        assertEquals("TRANSACTION", fees.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals(585, fees.get(0).get("amount"));

        // fees[1]
        assertEquals("PRE_PAYMENT", fees.get(1).get("type"));
        assertEquals(542, fees.get(1).get("amount"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> events = parser.objectToList(cancel.get("events"));

        // events[0]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.CANCELLED", events.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T16:12:26.499-03", events.get(0).get("createdAt"));

        // events[1]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.PRE_AUTHORIZED", events.get(1).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T16:12:12.000-03", events.get(1).get("createdAt"));

        // events[2]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.IN_ANALYSIS", events.get(2).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T16:12:11.000-03", events.get(2).get("createdAt"));

        // events[3]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.CREATED", events.get(3).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T16:11:50.000-03", events.get(3).get("createdAt"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> receivers = parser.objectToList(cancel.get("receivers"));
        Map<String, Object> moipAccount = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("moipAccount"));
        assertEquals("MPA-CULBBYHD11", moipAccount.get("id"));
        assertEquals("integracao@labs.moip.com.br", moipAccount.get("login"));
        assertEquals("Moip SandBox", moipAccount.get("fullname"));

        assertEquals("PRIMARY", receivers.get(0).get("type"));

        Map<String, Object> amountReceived = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amountReceived.get("total"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amountReceived.get("currency"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("refunds"));

        assertEquals(true, receivers.get(0).get("feePayor"));

        Map<String, Object> links = parser.objectToMap(cancel.get("_links"));
        Map<String, Object> self = parser.objectToMap(links.get("self"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/payments/PAY-44R4XT17VP50", self.get("href"));

        Map<String, Object> order = parser.objectToMap(links.get("order"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/orders/ORD-3Y3NR4PS4HVP", order.get("href"));
        assertEquals("ORD-3Y3NR4PS4HVP", order.get("title"));

        assertEquals("2018-07-16T16:11:50.000-03", cancel.get("createdAt"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T16:12:26.498-03", cancel.get("updatedAt"));
    }

    @Play("payment/get")
    @Test
    public void getPaymentTest() {

        Map<String, Object> payment = Moip.API.payments().get("PAY-MMU64JJBUI6Z", setup);

        assertEquals("PAY-MMU64JJBUI6Z", payment.get("id"));
        assertEquals("AUTHORIZED", payment.get("status"));
        assertEquals(true, payment.get("delayCapture"));

        Map<String, Object> amount = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("total"));
        assertEquals(11000, amount.get("gross"));
        assertEquals(1127, amount.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amount.get("refunds"));
        assertEquals(9873, amount.get("liquid"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amount.get("currency"));

        assertEquals(3, payment.get("installmentCount"));
        assertEquals("Minha Loja", payment.get("statementDescriptor"));

        Map<String, Object> fundingInstrument = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("fundingInstrument"));
        Map<String, Object> creditCard = parser.objectToMap(fundingInstrument.get("creditCard"));
        assertEquals("CRC-CQC2YNRA6UUT", creditCard.get("id"));
        assertEquals("MASTERCARD", creditCard.get("brand"));
        assertEquals("555566", creditCard.get("first6"));
        assertEquals("8884", creditCard.get("last4"));
        assertEquals(true, creditCard.get("store"));

        Map<String, Object> holder = parser.objectToMap(creditCard.get("holder"));
        assertEquals("1988-12-30", holder.get("birthDate"));

        Map<String, Object> taxDocumentHolder = parser.objectToMap(holder.get("taxDocument"));
        assertEquals("CPF", taxDocumentHolder.get("type"));
        assertEquals("78994193600", taxDocumentHolder.get("number"));

        Map<String, Object> billingAddress = parser.objectToMap(holder.get("billingAddress"));
        assertEquals("Avenida Contorno", billingAddress.get("street"));
        assertEquals("400", billingAddress.get("streetNumber"));
        assertEquals("Savassi", billingAddress.get("district"));
        assertEquals("Belo Horizonte", billingAddress.get("city"));
        assertEquals("MG", billingAddress.get("state"));
        assertEquals("BRA", billingAddress.get("country"));
        assertEquals("76932800", billingAddress.get("zipCode"));

        assertEquals("Roberto Oliveira", holder.get("fullname"));

        assertEquals("CREDIT_CARD", fundingInstrument.get("method"));

        Map<String, Object> acquirerDetails = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("acquirerDetails"));
        assertEquals("123456", acquirerDetails.get("authorizationNumber"));

        Map<String, Object> taxDocument = parser.objectToMap(acquirerDetails.get("taxDocument"));
        assertEquals("CNPJ", taxDocument.get("type"));
        assertEquals("01027058000191", taxDocument.get("number"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> fees = parser.objectToList(payment.get("fees"));

        // fees[0]
        assertEquals("TRANSACTION", fees.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals(585, fees.get(0).get("amount"));

        // fees[1]
        assertEquals("PRE_PAYMENT", fees.get(1).get("type"));
        assertEquals(542, fees.get(1).get("amount"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> events = parser.objectToList(payment.get("events"));

        // events[0]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.AUTHORIZED", events.get(0).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T15:51:49.000-03", events.get(0).get("createdAt"));

        // events[1]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.IN_ANALYSIS", events.get(1).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:40.000-03", events.get(1).get("createdAt"));

        // events[2]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.PRE_AUTHORIZED", events.get(2).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:40.000-03", events.get(2).get("createdAt"));

        // events[3]
        assertEquals("PAYMENT.CREATED", events.get(3).get("type"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:34.000-03", events.get(3).get("createdAt"));

        List<Map<String, Object>> receivers = parser.objectToList(payment.get("receivers"));
        Map<String, Object> moipAccount = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("moipAccount"));
        assertEquals("MPA-CULBBYHD11", moipAccount.get("id"));
        assertEquals("integracao@labs.moip.com.br", moipAccount.get("login"));
        assertEquals("Moip SandBox", moipAccount.get("fullname"));

        assertEquals("PRIMARY", receivers.get(0).get("type"));

        Map<String, Object> amountReceived = parser.objectToMap(receivers.get(0).get("amount"));
        assertEquals(11000, amountReceived.get("total"));
        assertEquals("BRL", amountReceived.get("currency"));
        assertEquals(1127, amountReceived.get("fees"));
        assertEquals(0, amountReceived.get("refunds"));

        assertEquals(true, receivers.get(0).get("feePayor"));

        Map<String, Object> links = parser.objectToMap(payment.get("_links"));
        Map<String, Object> self = parser.objectToMap(links.get("self"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/payments/PAY-MMU64JJBUI6Z", self.get("href"));

        Map<String, Object> order = parser.objectToMap(links.get("order"));
        assertEquals("https://sandbox.moip.com.br/v2/orders/ORD-J5F0JITE58DV", order.get("href"));
        assertEquals("ORD-J5F0JITE58DV", order.get("title"));

        assertEquals("2018-07-16T14:11:34.000-03", payment.get("createdAt"));
        assertEquals("2018-07-16T15:51:49.000-03", payment.get("updatedAt"));
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Sag Harbor NY Shredding Services - Time Shred Services Inc.
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Residential and business document shredding services are available six days a week in Sag Harbor Long Island with Time Shred Services. To book your appointment for as soon as tomorrow, give us a call today. We have a team of experienced customer service representative always ready to help you choose your shredding service, give you a fair quote and schedule your appointment. We make ordering your document destruction service that easy.
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Find contact details for all of our School and Departmental staff.
Kick start your course early or continue your studies throughout summer. Classes start in early November and run until February 2016. Apply now and finish your degree a semester early. If you're a La Trobe graduate you may be eligible for a 10% discount when you apply for a full-fee postgraduate coursework program.


Kirstin has over 10 years' experience in consumer behaviour. As a research consultant, she has partnered with organizations including Google, the California Health Benefit Exchange, Columbia University's Center for Decision Sciences and Center for Research on Environmental Decisions, the Pacific Business Group on Health, and the Social Security Administration. Kirstin's research explores why consumers struggle with important decisions about their future and how to help them make the best decisions for themselves.


text:
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Home Life Health Non Rem Sleep: Let us explore intriguing science behind sleeping stages.
Non Rem Sleep: Let us explore intriguing science behind sleeping stages.
Janhvi Singh
What Exactly Is NREM Sleep?
Non-rapid eye movement also known as Non Rem sleep is divided into three stages: stage 1, stage 2, and stage 3 NREM sleep. While each stage has its own set of mental processes, they all share a tendency for the sleeper to experience reduced breathing, muscle activity, heartbeat, and brain waves. Sleepers undergo decreased eye movements during NREM sleep, which distinguishes it from rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
image credit: nbcnews
NREM stages 1 and 2 are considered light sleep, while NREM stage 3 is considered deep sleep. During each stage, some signs of electrical activity in the brain appear. These are typically defined in terms of frequency, or Hertz7. A greater number suggests that neurons are firing at a faster rate.
What Takes Place During NREM Sleep?
As you progress through the stages of NREM sleep, many biological activities slow down or cease completely, allowing reparative and restorative processes to take control.
When you nod off, you enter the first stage of NREM sleep. This is the stage of sleep in which the heartbeat, eye movements, brain waves, and breathing activity begin to slow. Motor movements are also reduced, though you may suffer muscle twitches known as hypnic jerks8. The initial episode of stage 1 sleep normally lasts only a few minutes.
image credit : tucked
The heartbeat, respiration, muscle activity, and eye movements continue to slow throughout stage 2 NREM sleep. You will also notice a drop in body temperature during this time. During the night, you spend almost half of your time in stage 2 sleep9.
During stage 2 sleep, brain waves often slow down even further. This stage of sleep, however, is distinguished by the presence of two distinct forms of brain activity:
Spindles for Sleep
image credit : lumenlearning
Sleep spindles10 are brief bursts of brain activity that last between 0.5 to three seconds. Spindles, which occur every three to six seconds during stage 2 sleep and infrequently during later phases of sleep, are critical for memory and learning. They may also assist to block out extraneous disturbances, allowing you to sleep more soundly. Sleep spindles have a frequency of 7 to 15 Hertz and are characterized as slow or fast11, indicating activity in distinct parts of the brain.
K-Complexes
K-complexes12 have a single sharp peak in electrical activity followed by an abrupt negative fall. K-complexes, like sleep spindles, may help to preserve sleep by inhibiting reactions to harmless sounds and lights. Surprisingly, K-complexes may also help you wake up if your brain regards a signal as hazardous. K-complexes are supposed to help in memory consolidation and neuronal maintenance, which helps the brain work smoothly.
During stage 3 sleep, your heart rate, breathing rate, muscle activity, and brain waves are the slowest.
This stage of sleep is also known as deep sleep since specialists feel it is the most important for rejuvenating your body and brain.
During this stage, the body produces growth hormone13 and repairs tissue, muscle, and bone. Deep sleep14, according to researchers, helps regulate glucose metabolism, immune system function, hormone release, and memory.
Delta waves are the most common brain waves during stage 3 NREM sleep. These are huge waves with a sluggish frequency range of 1 to 4 Hertz. Slow oscillations, which occur at 0.5 to 1 Hertz in stage 3 NREM sleep, are also observed. Slow oscillations may aid in the synchronization of delta and spindle waves, both of which can occur during deep sleep.
Slow-wave activity is the combination of delta waves and slow oscillations, and this sleep stage is also known as slow-wave sleep.
People are less responsive to outside cues when they are deep asleep, making it difficult to rouse them. If you are successful in waking someone from a deep sleep, they may undergo a period of grogginess known as sleep inertia.
image credit :sciencedirect
The majority of people get the most of their deep sleep at the start of the night. You may feel tired if you do not get enough slow-wave sleep. Thus, after a sleep deprivation phase, you compensate by reducing spindle activity and spending more time in deep sleep15 during the next sleep period. Deep sleep diminishes across the lifetime, with young children getting more deep sleep and older persons getting less.
What Is the Importance of NREM Sleep?
image credit : medicaldialogue
NREM has mostly been examined for its effects on physical recovery and memory consolidation. Researchers believe that disruptions in NREM sleep processes may contribute to schizophrenia16, epilepsy17, Alzheimer's18, Parkinson's disease19, and autism spectrum disorders20.
Physical Development and Repair
NREM sleep has traditionally been seen as a period of rest. Researchers have discovered that the brain consumes substantially less energy during NREM sleep, lending credence to this notion. People with insomnia21, on the other hand, exhibit brain rhythms akin to wakefulness during NREM sleep. They also have a higher metabolism and heart rate22, indicating that they are unable to completely relax. Sleep disruption caused by other factors can potentially impede the restorative process.
image credit : sleepscore
Also read : Climate Change affecting mental health: Analyse the Grief Consequences
According to research, sleep disorders that disrupt sleep may interfere with fat metabolism, which in turn affects growth hormone levels, resulting in a vicious cycle and further problems with fat metabolism.
NREM sleep may potentially have an effect on the cardiovascular system. Blood pressure declines during slow-wave sleep in particular23, which is known to protect against heart disease. People with sleep apnea, chronic insomnia, high blood pressure, or disrupted sleep may not experience this drop in blood pressure, which can increase the risk of cardiac problems.
Consolidation of Memories
The brain consolidates new memories and skills24 into a more lasting format during NREM sleep. It also improves cognitive pathways for future learning. Specific NREM sleep patterns25 have been linked to improved working memory, verbal fluency, motor learning, and word retrieval. People who have a higher share of alternate patterns do worse on these measures.
NREM sleep is suggested to help with both declarative and procedural memory26. Declarative memory refers to the ability to retain information, such as the names of the 50 states. The ability to acquire new tasks, such as playing the violin, is referred to as procedural memory.
According to one idea, sleep spindles assist strengthen brain connections associated with recently acquired memories, and then slow-wave sleep cleans up the pathways so they are ready for use the next day. Slow waves and spindles may not synchronize as well in older persons, which may explain memory issues as people age27.
image credit : aastweb
Slow-wave sleep's contribution to the optimization of these pathways might be viewed as a recovery phase following the day's learning. According to the researchers, more slow-wave sleep is required to recover after either more time spent awake or a more thorough learning process.
Along the same lines, it stands to reason that as you become older, you spend less time in deep sleep and hence have less ability to learn new abilities. Slow-wave sleep eventually decreases by more than 60% between the ages of 10 and 20 28.
Researchers believe that shifts in spindle activity may signal brain maturation29. Fast and slow spindles represent activity in different brain regions. Spindle activity increases during childhood and adolescence, peaks in early adulthood, and then declines. Fast spindles may play a role in memory consolidation during adolescence, whereas slow spindles are more related to general cognitive abilities.
When Should You Consult Your Doctor?
Sleep deprivation can lead to chronic health problems in the long run, so it's critical to keep an eye on any changes in your sleep and wake habits and to strive for the suggested sleep times for your age group.
image credit : commonwealthfund
Consult your doctor if you are experiencing difficulties sleeping and are unsure why. They can provide sleep hygiene advice and may be able to identify an underlying sleep issue that is interfering with NREM sleep.
deams
NON REM
non rem sleep
NREM
rapid eye movement sleep
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Exclusive: Skillet Premiere Music Video for "Sick Of It"
Today, GuitarWorld.com presents the exclusive premiere of "Sick Of It," the new music video by Skillet.
The song is the lead single from the band's upcoming album, Rise, which will be released June 25 by Atlantic/Word.
Rise follows the Grammy-nominated band's 2009 album, Awake, which was certified platinum for sales in excess of 1 million copies in the US. Skillet were the only active rock band to achieve platinum certification in 2012, and they were one of three rock bands (with Mumford & Sons and the Black Keys) to strike platinum that year.
The band maintains momentum with Rise, their first concept album, though lead singer/bassist John Cooper says it wasn't premeditated. The album tells the story of an American teen coming into adulthood and trying to figure out who he is in a world riddled with problems within and outside his control.
Skillet (Cooper, guitarist/keyboardist Korey Cooper, drummer/vocalist Jen Ledger and guitarist Seth Morrison) recorded the album in Los Angeles, where they re-teamed with producer Howard Benson (My Chemical Romance, All American Rejects), who helmed Awake.
Skillet are direct support to Shinedown on the upcoming Carnival of Madness Tour. For more about the band, including tour dates, visit their official website and Facebook page.


text:
EDF: 'I Need The Players. They Need Me.'
EDF's pre-match conference ahead of the must-win game with Frosinone
By dallagente@tottitoday Sep 26, 2018, 2:00pm CEST
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Photo by Mario Carlini / Iguana Press/Getty Images
It's been a while since we've done one of these transcripts, but crunch time in the season is already at Roma's doorstep. As usual for a club that's waved goodbye to almost as many coaches as years existed since 1927, the media is working overtime to report any kind of rumour that'd help the Roma comedy show burn along faster for the rest of Italy's entertainment.
EDF's character to never duck a question has always been a refreshing antidote to that climate for some like me, who see an ex-Roma player and team manager that directly learnt from two of Roma's only three title-winning coaches - Liedholm and Capello - about the difference between really aiming for and achieving club success, above and beyond merely selling dreams of it.
However, others will look at the presser below and justifiably read a man who's far more transparent over tactical questions than he is over man-management.
It lends credit to the stereotype of a 'nerd coach with a backpack' who has the track record of winning over young, impressionable and overlooked talent but still has yet to convince when getting into the heads of the bigger names, with their own individual accolades earnt elsewhere, into following his lead through the smokescreen of the Eternal City.
Make of it what you will, but one thing is sure: Roma needs a win against Frosinone.
The team has been in ritiro since Sunday. How are they and how have the last few days been?
EDF: "Well, we'll really find out in the game tomorrow. But it was a ritiro wanted by the club, wanted by me to reinforce specific things and to also be able to look together at what the actual problems are."
Your opinion on the summer mercato - was it enough? Was it only enough or was it better than that?
EDF: "For me, it's a mistake talking about this right now, even if you're looking to get me to stand apart [from the club] on this. I'll only say we - and I - have to look to bring out the best in my squad. Something that maybe isn't showing right now but I'm convinced that we're only at the fifth matchday and we have to show that we can do much better than what we've done.
For that, talking about the mercato or talking about players, when we're going to play games after Chievo and Bologna... I think this Roma should be superior and so it's a matter of effort and work. That's the most important thing. Giving verdicts on the mercato right now wouldn't be right, especially from me, no. We will see the truth in the games."
Dzeko isn't scoring and seems nervous enough. Against Frosinone, is it better to rest him for a moment or playing him so he can find his rhythm again?
EDF: "Well there are plenty of games on our doorstep, that's what we have to manage. I'm only talking about those two players, either he will play or Schick. Obviously we're looking at alternating, playing the derby on Saturday and then the Champions League - I'll judge it game to game knowing that Edin has also played a lot for his country."
I wanted to ask you about Karsdorp. Are there some physical problems with him or is it only a character problem and even technical one?
EDF: "No, it's technical in principle. There was no fight with the kid. It's my choice because I have options - three full-backs - and based on what I see, I choose. For that, all he has to do is work, and work better, to be able to win back the position that maybe someone could think they've lost. But it's always then up to the lads to show their attitude in training."
Maybe the hardest reaction after Bologna was Pallotta's, who said he was disgusted with what he saw on the pitch. I ask you if you feel the confidence of your president and if you've managed to talk with him directly?
EDF: "Well it'd strike me as worrying if Pallotta said he was happy with what he saw on the pitch, more than disgusted. But I don't need reassurance from anyone right now."
Are you worried about the visible nerves of the team on the pitch? Or is this symptomatic of a team that can't afford to lose?
EDF: "Well nerves show a little from everyone when things aren't going well. Right now, the ritiro is to understand why things aren't going well and resolve them together. The idea is only one right now: I need my players and they need me. For that, we can only get out of this together. Without thinking about pointing fingers at one another, or thinking that the guy playing next to me isn't as good as the other teammate, and all the rest. We're all aware that we're not doing well but we need to be aware of what we'll do to get out of it."
Immediately after the loss to Bologna, you said that day you'd be looking more for men than footballers. I wanted to know if you've found characters showing themselves in this last few days of training at Trigoria?
EDF: "Well that was also to point out the fact that, in this moment when sometimes you can't pull off the right performance physically or technically, then you need to dig deeper on a mental and character level. On this, we've been found wanting a little in all the games this season. We've been found wanting in terms of staying in the game. Because the approach against Bologna was good from the start, with many chances to score. But the first shot we give away on our goal, we conceed and the team falls apart on many levels.
On that alone, we have to re-find ourselves. We also have to dig deeper inside to find what we're made of as men. That's what I'm looking to find. But let's move on from that to say the following point: the team I choose against Frosinone won't be a sign that whoever I don't pick isn't considered a man. I need to re-find those who, even in the hard times, show themselves to be also men. Just like in life, like in all things, we need that."
Rewatching the Bologna game, taking an example. For their second goal, you were five against three... meaning you had the numbers advantage against the three Bologna players... but no one managed to stick with Santander - who doesn't strike me as the fastest player in the world - and he manages to run practically from his own goal to arrive in Roma's goal alone by himself. I imagine you re-went over this and made the lads watch it over—
EDF: "We looked at it, yes..."
OK, so how does that happen? From bad positioning of the players? From the fact that someone, at that point in the game, couldn't manage running back 30 metres to track back and win the ball? That's what I saw when I was watching the game and I was under the impression you were outnumbered on the pitch yet it wasn't the case, you were there as five players. The numbers were there. What was missing? Positioning, sharpness, pace?
EDF: "No, I have to say that you cannot be [too] tired [to track back] at the 57th minute of a game. Because if not, we'd have all been in cramps by the 90th minute. It's a question of sloppy positioning when attacking. That was a phase of the game that's called 'delay tactics'. In the sense that you don't get out of that phase by leaving the game stretched like we did, but you always look to support the play when it's being pressured by the opponent. We didn't move well to prevent their counter because, first of all, we lost the ball.
Then if you want to watch it back - and I think you have - you'll see from that point on the player who got closest to Santander was Marcano. And if you look back, you'll see Marcano started off as the player furthest away from the ball. What we lacked is that we need to defend with more vehemence, thinking with a pessimist hat on. Meaning that we should always be thinking that the worst could happen before it happens, and it did there. Because even if you have the numbers advantage ahead of time, slack for a moment and you can find yourself at a disadvantage.
Anyway, Santander - it's not that he's not as fast as the others. He's a fighter. And the fact is, of all the players on the pitch that day, he made the most runs and was the most determined of all of them. That's something to underline but, let's make no mistake, it was down to our weaknesses during that game.
But I like this question because it's a tactical analysis of mistakes that come from what I talk about often in these press conferences: the determination to read the game in certain situations, and interpret them better. And there we certainly put in a bad interpretation of that moment in the game."
When you first came to Roma, you said 'I'm looking to change the their behaviour'. Right now you can see on the pitch that they're arguing, nearly coming to blows. But beyond your technical and tactical project, this work on their behaviour - on the mentality of 'being a Roma player' and wearing a Roma shirt - something you often remind them of, always. Is this the part of your job not bearing fruit right now?
EDF: "Well it will bear fruit. I've been a player, and I can assure you that when we argue, we really argue. But when things are going badly, we fight even more. In the sense that we show the desire to go and take responsibility and to want that sense of belonging that doesn't mean just playing for Roma, or coaching Roma. It's real love for putting in real work, which for me is something different [than just talking about belonging to Roma] because otherwise we'd be playing up to the sycophants and the hangers-on in Rome. No. It's a question of real love for the work, point blank. And I'm convinced that we're at the point where we'll either dig deep to bring it out of us, or we'll all be put outside.
It's obvious right now it's tragedy time, and we're all rightly being questioned, me first and most of all, for what we're doing. But there's the desire - the desire - to give answers in a different manner. We haven't always managed to do that, but now's come the moment to just do it, end of story."
You've always been convinced about the need to play players specific to their roles. Instead, lately we've seen some players maybe adapted to different roles out of need.
EDF: "Tell me, tell me who they are."
Those could be maybe Kluivert on the right who started as a left-winger, players like Marcano who was used as a full back.
EDF: "Ok so, first of all, last year I did use El Shaarawy on the right wing and he performed a phenomenon there. And he was a phenomenon. Kluivert is a winger. Who's saying these things? Who told you he only plays on the left? It must have been those Dutch sources that told you he can only play there.
Kluivert can play in many roles as a wide man, he's a wide attacker. Kluivert has made two or three goalscoring chances on the right. Chances that maybe he wouldn't have made with the other foot. If he's doing it, it's because he's in the right place.
Don't tell me that Marcano was out of position. If you tell me that Marcano played full back with different instructions to the regular full backs, then we're agreed. When looking at the other roles in the pitch and I'm looking at playing players who could be put in trouble, I look to avoid that. I have to look for solutions to prevent against the defensive weaknesses we have. That was the choice behind Marcano playing there. Matiello scored and throughout that whole action, Marcano was moving towards the goal if you look back at it. He was looking to close spaces behind Perotti, who'd played no more than a half hour in his legs. We were looking to prevent against that danger.
So let's look at things properly if we want to talk about it. Because if Kluivert couldn't play right wing, we'd be stuck with three left wingers."
Well, for example, there's also Pastore, who's struggling to find his place in the middle of the pitch...
EDF: "And we'll look to do better with Pastore. He scored with a backheel against Atalanta that maybe you would have immediately said he should be playing winger more often, since he scored a goal.
Pastore is an attacking player. He can be used either as a mezzala or between the lines, in principle. And Pastore has played mezzala in his old team, he told you himself. It's obvious that he prefers to play the trequartista. We'll look to help him, that's what I'm there for. I don't want to be the one to make players' lives harder.
After that, it's normal we can talk about it again whenever you want. But whoever was right will be decided at the end, not right now. I'm convinced that we're able to give everyone a chance playing in the role they love."
How is Diego Perotti?
EDF: "Perotti is injured. He won't be called up because he had a problem with his flexor. The earliest we'll look to call him up is against Empoli in ten days."
Last year, before Napoli-Roma, you said that if you reached the point where you didn't get the right reactions from the team then you'd be the first to leave. I want to ask you what kind of reaction have you gotten from the team in these first matches of this season? And if you see the willingness of the team to follow you to the end?
EDF: "No, don't claim things I've not said. I said that if I see that the team doesn't follow what I do, in general, I'm the first to understand it and to leave the club. But considering I don't feel that's the case, actually, I sense it's the complete opposite: that there's the desire to do well.
Don't put words in my mouth that aren't there, because I've heard so many rumours. Let's call things as they are. If you want to bring me a recording where I've said those things there, then I'll confirm it for you. But I won't say things that don't exist.
It's like the supposed fight between Florenzi and Dzeko that hit the headlines. There absolutely hasn't been any fight between Florenzi and Dzeko, absolutely not. There can always be a talk over a pass that one wanted in one way, and the other wanted in another. That's the everyday life of a football player, it's something that belongs on the pitch. It's very common. But what you're telling me, I can't respond and give you an answer like any of that is true."


text:
Genetic polymorphisms of PAI-1 and PAR-1 are associated with acute normal tissue toxicity in Chinese rectal cancer patients treated with pelvic radiotherapy.
Wei, Qingyi
Zhang, Hui
Wang, Mengyun
Shi, Tingyan
Shen, Lijun
Zhu, Ji
Sun, Menghong
Deng, Yun
Liang, Liping
Li, Guichao
Wu, Yongxin
Fan, Ming
Zhang, Zhen
Repository Usage Stats
Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) are crucial mediators of the intestinal microenvironment and are involved in radiation-induced acute and chronic injury. To evaluate whether genetic polymorphisms of PAI-1 and PAR-1 were predictors of radiation-induced injury in patients with rectal cancer, we retrospectively evaluated 356 rectal cancer patients who had received pelvic radiotherapy and analyzed the association of genetic polymorphisms of PAI-1 and PAR-1 with acute toxicities after radiotherapy. Acute adverse events were scored, including dermatitis, fecal incontinence (anal toxicity), hematological toxicity, diarrhea, and vomiting. The patients were grouped into grade ≥2 and grade 0-1 toxicity groups to analyze the acute toxicities. Genotyping of six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PAI-1 and PAR-1 was performed using TaqMan assays. A logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Of the 356 individuals, 264 (72.5%) had grade ≥2 total toxicities; within this group, there were 65 (18.3%) individuals who reached grade ≥3 toxicities. There were 19.5% (69/354) and 36.9% (130/352) patients that developed grade ≥2 toxicities for diarrhea and fecal incontinence, respectively. The variant genotype GG of rs1050955 in PAI-1 was found to be negatively associated with the risk of diarrhea and incontinence (P<0.05), whereas the AG and GG genotypes of rs2227631 in PAI-1 were associated with an increased risk of incontinence. The CT genotype of PAR-1 rs32934 was associated with an increased risk of total toxicity compared with the CC allele. Our results demonstrated that SNPs in the PAI-1 and PAR-1 genes were associated with acute injury in rectal cancer patients treated with pelvic irradiation. These SNPs may be useful biomarkers for predicting acute radiotoxicity in patients with rectal cancer if validated in future studies.
pelvic radiotherapy
Published Version (Please cite this version)
10.2147/OTT.S83723
Publication Info
Wei, Qingyi; Zhang, Hui; Wang, Mengyun; Shi, Tingyan; Shen, Lijun; Zhu, Ji; ... Zhang, Zhen (2015). Genetic polymorphisms of PAI-1 and PAR-1 are associated with acute normal tissue toxicity in Chinese rectal cancer patients treated with pelvic radiotherapy. OncoTargets and therapy, 8. pp. 2291-2301. 10.2147/OTT.S83723. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/10161/18029.
This is constructed from limited available data and may be imprecise. To cite this article, please review & use the official citation provided by the journal.
Qingyi Wei
Professor in Population Health Sciences
Qingyi Wei, MD, PhD, Professor in the Department of Medicine, is Associate Director for Cancer Control and Population Sciences, Co-leader of CCPS and Co-leader of Epidemiology and Population Genomics (Focus Area 1). He is a professor of Medicine and an internationally recognized epidemiologist focused on the molecular and genetic epidemiology of head and neck cancers, lung cancer, and melanoma. His research focuses on biomarkers and genetic determinants for the DNA repair deficient phenotype and
Articles written by Duke faculty are made available through the campus open access policy. For more information see: Duke Open Access Policy
Rights for Collection: Scholarly Articles


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Sabahy stated that during a statement at a press conference hosted by a number of civilian movements on Sunday, which took place after a number of prominent activists and politicians were arrested including former ambassador Maasoum Marzouk, who announced an initiative calling for a public referendum on the regime's stay in power.
Sabahy was a presidential candidate in the 2012 and 2014 elections. However, he reportedly said in the conference that he would not run in the 2018 election, but that he would rather support whoever the coalition nominated.
Meanwhile, another lawsuit was filed by lawyer Samir Sabry who is often a plaintiff against political figures, accusing Sabahy of calling for the toppling of the regime.
As a result of such statements, Prosecutor General Nabil Sadek referred a report against the former presidential candidate and prominent political activist Hamdeen Sabahy to the prosecution for further investigation, after a lawyer named Ashraf Farahat accused Sabahy of attempting to overthrow the regime and incite violence.


text:
Home / Religion News Archives (Page 599)
News and commentary about Religion News.
What Did Nelson Mandela Actually Believe About Religion?
Emily Murdoch
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Kyle Glatz
The Church of England's decision to allow female bishops might hinder the relationship with Catholics. The General Synod of the Church of England recently voted to overturn the rule that banned female...
A Muslim Guide to Spending as Prescribed by the Quran Part 2
Abdur Rab
This is Part 2 in a two-part series. Part 1 can be found here. The Scope of Spending in God's Way: the Broader Meaning [Taken, with a slight adaptation, from a chapter in the author's book Rediscovering...
Atheists Are in Disbelief Over This Recent Study. Or Are They…?
Alison Lesley
Is religious faith innate? Scientific studies suggest that humans are not wired to be atheists. Skeptics often assert that humans are "born as atheists," but recent studies indicate that this may in fact...
American Sikhs Respond to Ignorant Hate with a Beautiful PSA Video
American Sikhs respond to growing, often violent, prejudice in the United States. While racism has always had an ugly presence in the United States, the increase in the amount of prejudice against...
Japan's Holiest Shrine Suddenly Breaks This One Centuries Old Tradition
Ise Jingu, Japan's holiest Shinto shrine, breaks tradition and opens its doors to members of every religion to witness one of its oldest rituals. The Ise Shrine (Ise Jingu), or the Grand Shrine...
Zach Braff's Jewish Roots Show In 'Wish I Was Here'
Zach Braff's New Movie 'Wish I Was Here' Inspired by Actor's Jewish Upbringing Actor and director Zach Braff has once again put together an introspective film, this time with a larger focus upon his personal...
Amidst Illegal Immigration Protests, Saint Toribio, Latino Hero, Visits Los Angeles
photo: Rick Loomis / Los Angeles Times Saint Toribio Romo Gonzalez, praised by immigrants, visits Los Angeles amidst illegal immigration protests. You may not have heard of Saint Toribio, but when...
Church of England Votes to Allow Women Bishops
Krista R. Burdine
In an historic vote, the governing body of the Church of England voted Monday to allow women bishops within the church. This decision raises the leadership ceiling above the current level which allows...


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Nurko's Brand-New Future Bass Single "Let Me Go" Is Really Good!
Nurko's Brand-New Future Bass Single "Let Me Go" Is Really Good!
Nurko teamed up with vocalist Alina Renae on a brilliant Future Bass tune entitled "Let Me Go". You can really notice the singer's emotions on this track, as she portrays feelings of a broken heart. In terms of music, on the drop sound, you'll hear vocal chops, wobbling, and irregular beats, creating the wow effect! Sincerely, a really good song with lots of energy to boost your mood. Nurko's signature sound is still unique and likable. I hope you enjoy it.


text:
Q: Type casting issue in Observable in Angular 8 Hi I am learning Angular 8 and as a learner I have many doubts. I am sharing one of my doubts in detail. I hope some of you can easily help and correct me.
I have a service which consumes to Web API and returns some company details like
0: {CompanyId: 1, Name: "xxxx", Address: "bn"}
1: {CompanyId: 2, Name: "yyyy", Address: "tv"}

service.ts
GetAll(): Observable<IEmployee>{
return this.httpClient.get<IEmployee>(this.apiUrl + "GetCompany_test").}

component.ts
private emp : IEmployee;

getAllEmployees(){
 this.service.GetAll().subscribe(
  response => {this.emp =response;console.log(response)},
  error => console.log(error)
  );}

IEmployee.ts
export interface IEmployee{
fullName:string,
Email:string,
Mobile:string,
City:string,
HireDate:Date
}

I get the company details even though I use Observable of Observable<IEmployee>. So what is the need of casting here? and when I cast to Employee and I easily get non Employee data,it should so me some warning or error in the console right? I am totally confused about what is happening.
Can somebody please help me to understand the concept of casting here and advice me to correctly use casting.
Regards.

A: Casting among another uses is basically for intellisense to help you.
When you call this get method and pass it the IEmployee type, what you are basically saying is that, 'Hey intellisense, I am expecting a result of the type IEmployee'. So when you subscribe to the result and then try to access it's properties, it will give you the properties defined in IEmployee. Intellisense or the get method can't determine what is to be returned beforehand. So in case you also don't know, you can pass it the any type, which is like saying, 'I don't know what type result will return', so in that case, you can't get any type checking because the type could be any.
Now let's say, you get the results back and after seeing it, it looks like a type you already have so then you can cast it to that type and then Intellisense can step in because now, it knows the type.
So let's say:
service.ts
GetAll(): Observable<IEmployee>{
return this.httpClient.get<any>(this.apiUrl + "GetCompany_test").}

component1:
service.GetAll().subscribe(x => {
// x has no type here so no type checking.
// if you call a prop that isn't on it, you will see it at run time
});

//component2:
service.GetAll().subscribe((x:IEmployee) => {
// x has a type here so there is type checking.
// Intellisense can help you out here
});

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
A Joyous Future Awaits a Japan which Doesn't Get Drunk
A survey proves the majority of people are fed up with being pressured to have alcohol with colleagues. For the sake of women and families, corporate culture needs to change.
Duncan Bartlett
This may look like wine, but look again - it's a kind of seaweed tea - kombucha!
In the past when I used to go to bars, I sometimes heard a ghastly slur leveled against sensible, sober people.
I would be told: "Son, never trust a man who doesn't drink."
This warning was usually voiced by strange men, who slurred their words and winked knowingly as they enticed me to clink their glasses in a toast.
I must admit I found the phrase attractive. It left the impression that getting inebriated is a noble act and a legitimate way of tearing down the barriers of pretense which hide our true souls.
It turns out that the aphorism was originally coined by James Crumley, who held visiting professorships at half a dozen American universities during the 1970s and 1980s.
It originally appeared in a detective book by Crumley in which a character says:
"Son, never trust a man who doesn't drink because he's probably a self-righteous sort, a man who thinks he knows right from wrong all the time. Some of them are good men, but in the name of goodness, they cause most of the suffering in the world. They're the judges, the meddlers. And, son, never trust a man who drinks but refuses to get drunk. They're usually afraid of something deep down inside, either that they're a coward or a fool or mean and violent."
Drink and Drugs
The author of these words did cocaine six days a week and drank a bottle of whiskey every day, according to his friend and fellow writer Thomas McGuane. He also married five times, had many children and suffered years of ill health before an early death.
It is too late to know if Professor Crumley was regarded as "trustworthy" by his students and colleagues in academia. Detective novels are not peer reviewed, so his theories about non-drinkers were never scrutinized by sociologists before they spread around the bar rooms of the world.
However, in this day and age, it is unlikely that a person who is unrepentant of an addiction would impress the ethics committee of an institution such as a leading university. I am sure that boards are far more likely to favor "a man who thinks he knows right from wrong all the time" than a raging alcoholic. Prigs often get promotions.
Blurred Memories
I have now stopped drinking alcohol, although I still have blurry recollections of boozing in Tokyo, Osaka and on the Shinkansens which run between the cities.
From my sober perspective, I am often puzzled as to why senior people in business in Japan still feel the need to get drunk with colleagues and associates, risking their reputation, as well as their good health.
I am not alone in considering alcohol an anathema to sensible social interaction. More than 60% of respondents to a recent online survey in Japan said they believe work-related get-togethers for drinking are "unnecessary."
This survey was conducted by Nippon Life Insurance Co in October and was filled in by nearly seven thousand people.
A party featuring Japanese sake.
No More 'Nominication'
The company notes that those who shun so-called "nominication" — a portmanteau of the Japanese words for "drink" and "communication" — that often signifies work colleagues meeting up over drinks, overtook supporters of the practice for the first time since the annual survey began in 2017.
The most common complaint people used against their workmates was their "aversion toward needing to be mindful or attentive during drinking sessions".
I take that to mean that folk don't like it when their boss acts badly when drunk and then tries to pretend nothing happened the following morning.
Of those who viewed nominication positively, some claimed it "closes the distance" with others and helps people "discover the true feelings" of colleagues, while others say trips to the bar serve as occasions to "gather information."
I wonder if that "gathered information" includes videos made on mobile phones which would later be used as ammunition to destroy the career of a work rival.
Japanese tea with a great view
Women's View
I expect that much of the pushback against the drinking culture is coming from women. Japanese companies are slowly trying to remove the obstacles to professional development which hinder women, and one of the most problematic is the expectation that teams should march off to an izakaya and listen to lewd, sexist jokes late into the night.
It is significant that the survey was conducted by Nippon Life Insurance. Chizuru Yamauchi, an Executive Officer at Nippon Life, is quoted on the corporate website as saying: "Our company has a workforce in which approximately 90% are women, so we have positioned women's success in the workplace as a crucial management strategy and focused on creating an environment promoting women's active participation."
Furthemore, Nippon Life`s mission statements emphasise the importance of trust and building an organization which aims to "care for an individual and the well-being of their entire family, respecting the dignity of each person we serve."
Aroma Cafe Moksha Chai Latte
Maccha, Gudetama Cafe Osaka
In my view and those of many of the survey's respondents, it's far better to use green tea and coffee instead of alcohol in nominication sessions.
The bar room is not the boardroom, and I've never had a proper conversation about business development over booze. At least, I don't remember doing so.
And in fact, the character in James Crumley`s detective novel who maligns those of us who like to be sober goes on to speak even more harshly of those who get drunk.
"It's damned hard for a man to take himself too seriously when he's heaving his guts into a dirty toilet bowl," he warns. And on that point, I fear that the author himself may have been something of an expert.
Author: Duncan Bartlett
Duncan Bartlett is a regular contributor to JAPAN Forward. He is the Editor of Asian Affairs magazine and a Research Associate at the SOAS China Centre, University of London. Find other essays and reports by the author on JAPAN Forward at this link.
Related Topics:after work drinkingalcoholic beveragesCoffeecorporate culturedrinking and communications surveyDrugsDuncan BartlettEditor's PickizakayaJapan StoryNippon Life surveyteawork environmentworker friendly
Duncan Bartlett is a regular contributor to Japan Forward and a Research Associate at the SOAS China Institute, University of London. He also runs the news portal Japan Story, which contains articles, videos and podcasts. He is the Editor of Asian Affairs magazine and a Research Associate at SOAS China Institute, University of London. He formerly worked in Tokyo for the BBC.
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