text:
\section{Introduction}
Rayleigh-type surface acoustic wave (SAW) is a propagating wave on a surface of elastic material~\cite{LL7,TB2017}.
Due to their surface localization, high electrical controllability, and low propagation loss, the SAW is used in many classical electrical devices, e.g., communication equipment and sensors for gases and liquids~\cite{C1998,BB2008,LR2008,RM2009,R2017,ZL2021}.
The SAW is also a quantum information carrier, taking advantage of its long coherence time~\cite{SK2015,MK2017,MS2018,SZ2018,NY2020}.
Recently, the coupling and hybridization of the SAW with other physical systems have also attracted attention, including magnetoelastic coupling~\cite{W2002,WD2011,WH2012,GM2015,BV2020} between the SAW and magnetization, acoustoelectric coupling~\cite{MC2012,PB2015,PS2015} between the SAW and electron charge, and spin-volticity coupling~\cite{M2013,IMM2014,K2017,K2020} between the SAW and electron spin.

Quantitative imaging of the SAW is a powerful tool for advancing SAW-related research.
Specifically, it leads to the evaluation of various coupling strengths as well as the characterization of the SAW itself.
A few optical measurement techniques have been developed to realize this~\cite{K2000,H2011,FS2019,K2005,H1970,FS2019}, but it is challenging to obtain quantitative results in practice in many cases.
Thus, we have turned our attention to a simple phenomenon in which an optical path of reflected light is modulated according to the law of reflection depending on a surface slope at the optical spot position.
We have developed a method to quantitatively obtain spatial distributions of the amplitude and phase of the surface slope by observing this optical path modulation with a measurement system working in the shot-noise-limited regime.
Those distributions provide enough information to specify the SAW with a wavelength longer than the optical spot size.
Although our recently reported imaging method of the SAW using a polarimeter can also quantitatively evaluate the surface slope~\cite{TH2021}, it requires the material complex refractive index at the optical spot position for analysis.
That might be a problem in experiments with novel materials.
The method using the optical path modulation is, therefore, more versatile.

This paper shows that the optical path modulation method can quantitatively evaluate the amplitude and phase of time-periodically varying surface slope due to the coherently driven SAW.
Furthermore, by sweeping the optical spot within the device surface, two-dimensional spatial imaging of the amplitude and phase of the time-varying surface slope is realized.

After a brief description of a theoretical model of the quantitative probing of the surface slope in Sec.~\ref{sec:model}, we present experiments in which quantitative measurement of the surface slope with the SAW is demonstrated in Sec.~\ref{sec:experiments}.
Then, the slope amplitude obtained from the optical path modulation signal is compared with the slope amplitude obtained from other schemes, and its validity is discussed.

\begin{figure*}[t]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=17.8cm,angle=0]{setup_W178_11.pdf}
\caption{
Experimental setup and device for observing optical path modulation and optical polarization modulation induced by SAW. (a) With polarization beam splitter (PBS) and half-wave plate (HWP), the incident light is made linearly polarized with the polarization plane aligned parallel to the direction of SAW propagation
($z$-direction). The light is focused with an objective lens into a diameter of around $3\,\rm{\mu}m$ on the device surface. The angle of incidence is set to $45^{\circ}$. The reflected light is then collimated by another objective lens and analyzed in the two balanced detectors indicated as (i) and (ii) with HWP, PBS, beam splitter (BS), periscope-type mirror pair, and prism mirror.
(b) Microscope image of a Fabry-Perot type SAW resonator with a coordinate system. The SAW resonator consists of a $0.5$-mm-thick YZ-cut $\rm{LiNbO}_3$ substrate, Bragg mirrors, and interdigitated transducers (IDTs).
Bragg mirrors and IDTs are made by depositing $5\,\mathrm{nm}$ of Ti and $80\,\mathrm{nm}$ of Au. Two Bragg mirrors composed of $100$ fingers of $400$-$\mathrm{\mu m}$-long with a $10$-$\mathrm{\mu m}$ line and space are placed at a distance of $360\,\mathrm{\mu m}$.
Two IDTs composed of $3$ fingers of $400$-$\mathrm{\mu m}$-long with a $10$-$\mathrm{\mu m}$ line and space are placed $105\,\mathrm{\mu m}$ apart from the center between Bragg mirrors, respectively.
A Ti($5\,\mathrm{nm}$)/Au($80\,\mathrm{nm}$) film with a length of $520\,\mathrm{\mu m}$ and a width of $80\,\mathrm{\mu m}$ is deposited at the center between Bragg mirrors.
(c)(d) Schematics of light reflection on the surface of the SAW device when the SAW drive is (c) OFF and (d) ON.
(e) Setup for measuring beam displacement in the $X$-direction induced by optical path modulation by the SAW. (f) Relationship between slight beam displacement $L$ and output voltage $V$ from the balanced detector.
}
\label{fig:setup}
\end{center}
\end{figure*}

\section{Measurement principle of \\surface slope} \label{sec:model}

According to the law of reflection, a time variation in the local slope of the device surface induces a time modulation of the light path reflected off that local position.
This phenomenon, \textit{optical path modulation}, is the key to surface slope measurement.
Figures~1(c) and 1(d) show this paper's experimental situation around the SAW device.
The red arrows represent wavevectors of the incident and reflected light, and the blue arrows represent normal vectors at the optical spot.
Although the optical path modulation occurs at any incident angle, we set the incident angle to $45^{\circ}$ and the propagation direction of the SAW in the $z$-direction.
In this situation, we can observe the optical path and the polarization modulation simultaneously.
By comparing the slope amplitudes obtained from both modulation measurements, the validity of the optical path modulation measurement can be verified.

From here, we describe the details of the optical path modulation measurement according to the experimental situation in Fig~\ref{fig:setup}(a).
Let us assume that the normal vector of the SAW device surface in Fig.~\ref{fig:setup}(c) is initially oriented in the $y$-direction, and the wavevector of the incident light is in the $xy$-plane.
In this case, the wavevector of the reflected light is definitely in the $xy$-plane.
On the other hand, when we drive the SAW propagating in the $z$-direction shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:setup}(d), the normal vector is periodically tilted with time in the $z$-direction.
Accordingly, the wavevector of the reflected light deviates from the $xy$-plane, resulting in the optical path modulation.
Note here that the optical spot size needs to be smaller than the quarter wavelength of the SAW in order to allow law of reflection to hold locally.
This paper achieves the condition by inserting an objective lens in front of the SAW device and placing the device surface at the focus, as shown in Fig.~1(a).

The tilt of the normal vector in Fig.~1(d) is the same as the surface slope, which can be written as
\begin{equation}
    \theta_n(x,z,t) = \frac{\partial u_{y}(x,z,t)}{\partial z},\label{eq:Tanduy}
\end{equation}
where $u_y(x,z,t)$ is the $y$-component of the surface displacement field at the optical spot position $x$ and $z$ and time $t$.
As shown in Figs.~1(a) and~1(d), by placing an objective lens after the SAW device in the proper position (such that the reflected light is collimated), the wavevector of the reflected light becomes parallel to the $xy$-plane again.
In this case, the vertical displacement of the optical beam from the nominal position, $L(x,z,t)$, is given by
\begin{equation}
L(x,z,t) =F\times \tan\left(2\theta_n(x,z,t)\right) \simeq F\times2\theta_n(x,z,t),\label{eq:LandTheta}
\end{equation}
where $F$ is the focal length of the objective lens after the SAW device and $\theta_{n}(x,z,t)$ is assumed to be very small.

To observe the surface slope $\theta_n(x,z,t)$, we measure the optical beam displacement $L(x,z,t)$ in the following manner by using a periscope-type mirror pair and subsequent elements in Fig~1(a).
First, the periscope-type mirror pair plays the functional role of converting vertical beam displacement along the $z$-axis into horizontal beam displacement along the $X$-axis before a prism mirror.
Second, as shown in Fig.~1(e), the prism mirror placed in the center of the beam splits the light in half without SAW driving.
Third, the split light is collected on two photo-detectors constituting a balanced detector using lens.
Then, the differential voltage signal $V(x,z,t)$ output from the balanced detector is input to a lock-in amplifier.
The output differential voltage signal $V(x,z,t)$, which is proportional to the difference in input optical power, can be written using the beam displacement $L(x,z,t)$ as follows,
\begin{equation}
V(x,z,t) =  2CDL(x,z,t),\label{eq:VandL}
\end{equation}
where $C$ is a conversion efficiency of the balanced detector and $D$ is an optical power density in the $X$-direction before the prism mirror.
Substituting Eq.~(\ref{eq:LandTheta}) into Eq.~(\ref{eq:VandL}), we find $V(x,z,t)=4CDF\theta_{n}(x,z,t)$.
Finally, by measuring the voltage signal $T\times V(x,z,t)$ with the lock-in amplifier, where $T$ is transfer coefficient including attenuation and amplification of the electrical signal in the transmission line between the balanced detector and the lock-in amplifier, we can obtain information related to the surface slope $\theta_n(x,z,t)$.

To evaluate the absolute value of the slope amplitude from experiment, it is usually necessary to calibrate the measurement system.
Specifically, the values $T$, $C$, and $D$, for which no nominal values exist, need to be determined from independent experiments.
The procedure is usually rather difficult.
However, we show here that it is possible to evaluate the slope amplitude~$\tilde{\theta}_{n}(x,z)$ straightforwardly with our scheme as long as we can observe the \textit{optical shot noise}.
Note here that the surface slope $\theta_n(x,z,t)$ is divided into amplitude and phase components,
\begin{equation}
\theta_n(x,z,t) =\tilde\theta_n(x,z) e^{-i\omega_{\rm{SAW}} t}, \label{eq:theta_tilde}
\end{equation}
where $\omega_{\mathrm{SAW}}$ is an angular frequency of the SAW driven, and $\tilde{\theta}_{n}$ is positive.
The key to our method is that the theoretical expression for the power spectrum acquired by the lock-in amplifier with SAW driven is given by (see Appendix \ref{SM:PS} for details),
\begin{equation}
    S_{VV}(\omega_{\mathrm{SAW}}) \Delta f \propto \frac{8D^2F^2\tilde{\theta}^2_{n}}{\hbar^2\omega_{0}^2} +\frac{P_{i}}{\hbar \omega_0}\Delta f,\label{eq:PS}
\end{equation}
where $S_{VV}(\omega)$ is the power spectral density obtained when the optical spot is at position $(x,z)$, $\Delta f$ is a measurement bandwidth, $P_{i}$ is a power of the incident light going to the prism mirror, $\omega_0$ is an angular frequency of the incident light, and $\hbar$ is Planck constant.
The first term represents the coherent signal due to the driven SAW, and the second term represents the optical shot noise.
In situation where optical shot noise can be measured, we can experimentally obtain a ratio between the first and second terms in Eq.~(\ref{eq:PS}), $R$, defined by
\begin{equation}
    R(x,z)=\frac{8 D^2 F^2 \left[\tilde\theta_n(x,z)\right]^2}{P_{i} \hbar \omega_0 \Delta f }.\label{eq:R}
\end{equation}
The experimentally acquired ratio $R$ allows for a quantitative evaluation of the slope amplitude $\tilde\theta_n$ with the known values of the focal length of the objective lens $F$, the optical power density $D$ (see Appendix \ref{SM:D} for details), the incident optical power $P_{i}$, and the measurement bandwidth $\Delta f$.

\begin{figure*}[t]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=18cm,angle=0]{main_results_W180_5.pdf}
\caption{
Spectra of the fundamental SAW resonator mode acquired by (a) electrical transmission measurement, (b) optical path modulation measurement, and (c) optical polarization modulation measurement. (a)~Rf transmission spectra (blue dots) from Port~1 to Port~2 with fitting curves (red line) . The peak around $85.63\,\mathrm{MHz}$ corresponds to the fundamental SAW resonator mode. The resonance frequency is the almost same as that in the following optical modulation spectroscopy. (b) Spectra of the optical path modulation signal (blue dots) and the background signal (green dots) with fitting curves (red line). (c) Spectra of the optical polarization modulation signal (blue dots) and the background signal (yellow dots) with fitting curves (red line). (d) Relative amplitudes for the optical path modulation (blue dots) as a function of the rf power that is used for driving the SAW with fitting curves (red line). (e) Relative amplitudes for the the optical path modulation (blue dots) as a function of the optical power $P_{i}$ into the balanced detector with fitting curves (red line). The amplitude when the SAW drive power is $0\,\mathrm{dBm}$ is the reference. (f) Total noise power spectral density (blue triangles) and shot noise power spectral density (green squares) at the measurement frequency $\omega/2\pi=85.625\,\mathrm{MHz}$ within the bandwidth $\Delta f =1\,\mathrm{kHz}$ as a function of the optical power $P_{i}$ into the balanced detector with fitting curves (red line). The shot noise power is obtained by subtracting the separately measured electronic noise (black line) from the total noise. Note that we refer to the noise power as the square of the voltage measured by the lock-in amplifier, which is a quantity proportional to the actual noise power.
}
\label{fig:mainresults}
\end{center}
\end{figure*}

\section{Experiments} \label{sec:experiments}
The experimental setup is schematically shown in Fig.~1(a).
A continuous-wave light with a wavelength of $1550\,\rm{nm}$ output from a laser (Santec: TSL-550) is polarized in the $z$-direction using a polarization beam splitter (PBS) and a half-wave plate (HWP), then focused by the objective lens (Mitutoyo: M-PLAN NIR 20X), and set so that the device surface is in focus.
The incident angle to the SAW device is set at $45^{\circ}$, as shown in Figs.~1(c) and 1(d).
We analyze signal on the reflected light from the SAW device with two balanced detectors labeled (i) and (ii) in Fig.~1(a).
Those aim to detect (i) the optical path modulation and (ii) the optical polarization modulation~\cite{TH2021}, respectively.

The optical system for (i)~the optical path modulation measurement is the part following the periscope-type mirror pair in Fig.~1(a).
The light split by the prism mirror is separately coupled to the photo-detectors of the balanced detector (Thorlabs: PDB415C).
This system works according to the measurement principle described in Sec.\ref{sec:model} and is sensitive to the beam displacement $L$.
Note that several optical elements between the SAW device and the periscope-type mirror pair do not affect the optical path modulation.

In (ii)~the polarization modulation measurement system, the orthogonal polarization components of the reflected light are split by the PBS, coupled separately to multi-mode (MM) fibers, and differentially measured by the balanced detector (Thorlabs: PDB465C). Here, the polarization plane is rotated with the HWP after the SAW device by the angle of $45^{\circ}$ with respect to the original plane to maximize the amplitude of the polarization modulation~\cite{TH2021}.

Figure~1(b) shows a microscope image of the SAW device.
The SAW device is a Fabry-Perot type SAW resonator consisting of two Bragg mirrors, two interdigitated transducers (IDTs), and single pad for optical observation formed by Ti($5$) and Au($80$) films on a $\rm{LiNbO}_3$ substrate, where the values in parentheses are the thicknesses in nanometers.
Note that the single pad in the center of the device is in preparation for future experiments and is not significant in this paper.
The SAW resonator is fabricated so that the SAW propagation direction is along the crystalline $Z$-axis of the $\rm{LiNbO}_3$ monocrystal.
The fundamental SAW resonator mode with a wavelength of $\sim\micron{40}$ is coherently generated by driving the IDT of Port~1 with an rf signal at the frequency of $\sim \MHz{86}$.

\begin{figure}[t]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=8.6cm,angle=0]{main2_results_W86_4.pdf}
\caption{
Imaging results of the SAW resonator by optical path modulation measurement. Color maps of (a) detected optical power into the balanced detector, (b) amplitude and (c) phase acquired by the lock-in amplifier at a frequency $\omega/2\pi=85.625\,\mathrm{MHz}$, and (d) evaluated slope amplitude as a function of the position of optical spot. Together with the color maps, cross-sections of (e) the phase and (f) the slope amplitude at the position $x=250\,\mathrm{\mu m}$ (indicated by white dash lines in the color maps) are shown.
The color of dots in (e) and (f) is consistent with the color in (c) and(d), respectively.
}
\label{fig:mainresults2}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

We first characterize the SAW resonator electrically.
Figure~2(a) shows rf transmission spectra $|\rm{S}_{\rm{21}}|$ of the SAW resonator from Port~1 to Port~2 in Fig.~1(b) measured with a vector network analyzer.
By fitting with a model function, we find the resonance frequency of the fundamental SAW resonator mode is $\MHz{85.637}$ and internal quality factor is $2\times10^3$ (see Appendix~\ref{SM:S21} for details).

Figures 2(b) and 2(c) show amplitude and phase spectra of (i) the optical path modulation and (ii) the optical polarization modulation.
These results are obtained when the optical spot (diameter is about $\micron{3}$) is placed at the same position in a rectangular Ti/Au pad region between the IDTs.
Both measurements are performed where the SAW resonator mode is driven from port 1 with an rf signal with the power $P_{\mathrm{rf}}$ of $\dBm{-11}$ produced by mixing a fixed-frequency signal at $\MHz{80}$ from an rf generator (Rhode\&Schwarz: SGS100A) and a variable-frequency signal at $5.50$-$\MHz{5.75}$ from the lock-in amplifier (Zurich instruments: HF2LI).
The optical signals are acquired by the balanced detectors shown in Fig.~1(a), mixed-down with the $80$-$\rm{MHz}$ rf signal, and then demodulated with the lock-in amplifier.
The spectra in Figs.~2(b) and 2(c) show amplitude peaks and steep phase changes around $\MHz{85.6}$, which are similar to the rf transmission spectra in Fig.~2(a).
The red lines in Figs.~2(b) and 2(c) show the fitting results with a model function of the same type as the function used in Fig.~2(a) (see Appendix \ref{SM:S21} for details).
The agreement of these spectra is evidence that the rf signal is coherently converted into the optical path modulation signal and the polarization modulation signal via the SAW.
The agreement also indicates that the SAW can be observed simultaneously in both modulation measurements.
Note that the green dots in Fig.~2(b) is the background signal obtained when the optical beam is blocked in front of the balanced detector, and there is no noticeable structure.
We confirm that there is no stray rf field directly coupled to the balanced detector.
Note also that the yellow dots in Fig.~2(c) is the background signal obtained when the polarization plane of the reflected light from the SAW device are not rotated with respect to the original plane, and there is no noticeable structure.
This setting is insensitive to the optical polarization modulation.
Thus, we confirm that the observed signal (blue dots) is from the optical polarization modulation.

Now, we measure the SAW drive power dependence and optical power dependence of the optical path modulation signal to verify the measurement principle described in Sec.~\ref{sec:model}.
Figure~2(d) shows the observed relative amplitude of the optical path modulation signal (blue dots) at the resonant frequency $85.625\,\mathrm{MHz}$ as a function of the SAW drive power from the lock-in amplifier.
From the linear fitting (red line), we obtain the slope is $0.5$.
Substituting Eqs.~(\ref{eq:Tanduy}) and (\ref{eq:LandTheta}) into Eq.~(\ref{eq:VandL}), we find that the output voltage from the balanced detector $V(x,z,t)$ is proportional to the surface slope $\partial u_{y}(x,z,t)/\partial z$.
And using the fact that the $y$-component of the surface displacement field of the SAW resonator mode can be written as $u_{y}(x,z,t) = \alpha \sin(kz) \cos(\omega t)$~\cite{TB2017}, where $\alpha \sin(kz)$ is amplitude, $k$ is wavevector, and $\omega$ is angular frequency, we can obtain $V(x,z,t)\propto \alpha \sin(kz)$.
By considering that the amplitude of the displacement $\alpha \sin(kz)$ is proportional to the square root of the SAW drive power, we can verify that the theoretical prediction and the experimental result agree.
Furthermore, Fig.~2(e) shows the relative amplitude of the optical path modulation signal (blue dots) as a function of incident optical power going to the balanced detector. From the linear fitting, we obtain the slope equal to $1$.
By considering that the optical flux density $D$ in Eq.~(\ref{eq:VandL}) is proportional to the incident optical power, we can confirm that the theoretical prediction agrees with the experimental result.

Next, we evaluate the slope amplitude from the optical path modulation measurement result in Fig.~2(b) according to the scheme described in the last paragraph of Sec.~\ref{sec:model}.
Here, we describe more specific procedure.
The first step is to obtain the optical shot noise level in the optical path modulation measurement system.
Figure~2(f) shows the total noise power spectral density (blue triangles) without SAW driving as a function of the optical power impinged into the balanced detector at the measurement rf frequency $\MHz{85.625}$ within the bandwidth $\Delta f =1\,\rm{kHz}$.
Since the optical shot noise and electronic noise are comparable in this measurement system, the shot noise (green squares) is obtained by subtracting the electronic noise (black line), which is independent of the optical power, from the total noise (blue triangles).
As shown by the red line in Fig.~2(f), the optical shot noise increases linearly with a slope of $1$ for the optical power, confirming the nature of the optical shot noise (See Appendix \ref{SM:PS} for details).
From the optical power detected when the optical spot is at a position $(x,z)$ on the SAW device, we can determine the shot noise level corresponding to each optical position.
The next step is to calculate the ratio $R$ defined in Eq.~(\ref{eq:R}). By comparing the experimentally obtained signal power at $\omega/2\pi=\MHz{85.625}$ in Fig.~2(b) with the shot noise level, we obtain the resultant ratio $R$ of $19.5\,\mathrm{dB}$.
Finally, substituting this value of ratio and the following parameters, $\omega_{0}=194\,\mathrm{THz}$, $\Delta f = 1\,\mathrm{kHz}$, $P_{i}= 0.13\,\mathrm{mW}$, $D=P_{i}/(6.1\,\mathrm{mm})$, and $F= 10\,\mathrm{mm}$, into Eq.~(\ref{eq:R}), we evaluate the slope amplitude $\tilde{\theta}_n =2.0\times 10^{-6}\,\mathrm{rad}$.
To validate this new method, we evaluate the slope amplitude in two different ways using literature values.
The first is an evaluation using the optical polarization modulation and the material complex refractive index, resulting $\tilde\theta_n \sim 1.1\times10^{-6}\,\mathrm{rad}$ (see Appendix \ref{SM:Pol} for details).
The second is an evaluation using the SAW resonator mode volume and material constants, resulting $\tilde\theta_n \sim 1.3\times10^{-6}\,\mathrm{rad}$ (see Appendix \ref{SM:volume} for details).
All of the evaluation values are very close to each other, confirming the validity of the optical path modulation measurement.

Finally, we demonstrate the acquisition of two-dimensional plots of the amplitude and the phase of the surface slope in a region ($470\,\rm{\mu m}\times 500\,\rm{\mu m}$) around center of the SAW device .
Figures~3(a), 3(b), and 3(c) show two-dimensional plots of the detected optical power and the amplitude and the phase of the optical path modulation signal while the optical spot position is scanned in the $x$ and $z$ axes every $\micron{1}$.
Figure~3(a) reflects the reflectance at each optical position, thus confirming the surface structure of the SAW device in the scanned area.
Figure 3(d) shows a color map of the slope amplitude $\tilde{\theta}_{n}$ at each optical position evaluated according to the specific procedure described in the previous paragraph.
Figure~3(e) (3(f)) is a cross section of Fig.~3(c) (3(d)) at the position $x=250\,\mathrm{\mu m}$.
The interval between the peak positions of $\tilde{\theta}_{n}$ in Fig.~3(f) is about $20\,\mathrm{\mu m}$, and the phase in Fig.~3(e) changes by exactly $\pi$ at each peak.
These results show that the observed SAW mode is the fundamental mode of the SAW resonator.

\section{Discussion} \label{sec.discussion}
The optical path and polarization modulation measurements are helpful in quantitatively observing surface slope due to SAW.
When a measurement system is in the shot-noise-limited regime, both measurements can be calibrated with optical shot noise, and the amplitude of the surface slope can be evaluated.
In practice, the optical path modulation measurement is more suitable for surface slope measurement since it does not require information on the material complex refractive index at an optical spot~\cite{TH2021}, and the alignment of the optical system is relatively simple.

In this paper, we focused only on the surface slope in the $z$-direction shown in Fig.~1(d), but the slope in the $x$-direction can also be observed by appropriately changing the optical beam displacement measurement basis.
Thus, two-dimensional surface slope due to SAW can be observed by combining the optical path modulation measurements with orthogonal measurement bases.

The shot-noise-based calibration method proposed in this paper can also be used to easily quantify optical displacement measurements of cantilevers and torsion pendulums, which have been used in many studies~\cite{WH2021,RB2004}.

\section{Conclusion}
In summary, we demonstrated the optical path modulation measurement of SAW.
The precisely calibrated optical path modulation measurement can be a practical tool to quantitatively evaluate the spatiotemporal profile of the displacement field of SAW.
By assigning the optical polarization modulation measurement to magnon detection, simultaneous quantitative measurements of the displacement profile of SAW and the magnetization profile of magnon may become feasible.
Those results will lead to an experimental determination of the coupling strength of the phonon-magnon coupling.

\acknowledgments
We would like to thank Koji~Usami, Rekishu~Yamazaki, Yuichi~Ohnuma, Alto~Osada, Atsushi~Noguchi, and Toshiyuki~Hosoya for useful discussions.
We acknowledge financial support from JST PRESTO (Grant Number MJPR200A) and JSPS KAKENHI (JP22K14589).
R.~S. and K.~T. are supported in part by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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Combat picks up where Origins left off, with a flurry of light and heavy attacks that strategically interact with enemies in different ways. While a lot of my light attacks felt like button mashing, a dodge and heavy attack fill in the gaps of enemy weaknesses. Sitting and writing this review, thinking about the combat and equipment is almost overwhelming. Combat and equipment is so versatile in Assassin's Creed Odyssey that it's going to be impossible to hit all the important notes needed. The biggest thing I can say about it is that Odyssey lets players play and fight how they want. Each type of weapon works similarly, but differently enough that just figuring out how you want to fight opponents is an important first step.
Most of the enemies are literal copies of each other throughout the journey but there are different classes that wield different types of weapons like powerful maces, shields to block attacks, or archers that can utilize poison or fire arrows. Standard fodder exists, but the farther players progress, the easier it is to die even from the most basic of enemies. The skills in Odyssey often play an important role in how players can handle different types of enemies. There are three skill trees players can sink ability points into that can unlock new powers, or level up previously earned ones. Early on, I bought an ability that allowed me to remove a shield from an enemy, giving me access to attack them head on without worrying about countering or heavy attacks.
The three skill trees here play an important role based on player preference. I tended to lean more towards the assassination and hunter branch, which gave my assassin damage a boost, and gave my bow powerful abilities. The more I play, the more I realize how important my bow skills are, and I found myself using ranged attacks to deal with enemies just as often, if not more, than close melee attacks. That being said, it often came down to a brutal dance of give and take as I whittled down enemy forces to allow myself space to fight stronger enemy captains or mercenaries. A quick button combination allows players to quickly switch between ranged combat, close combat, and skills showcasing just how fluid and easy it is to switch to different attacks styles quickly even during a large fight.
Mercenaries play a big role in Assassin's Creed Odyssey, and function like Phylakes did in Origins. As players murder, steal, or do anything else that the citizens frown upon, the mercenary bar fills up similar to Grand Theft Auto. There are five tiers, and there can be up to five mercenaries hunting Alexios or Kassandra at any one time. In the beginning of my journey I would hunt them down to get rid of them, but later as they got stronger, I would instead put my focus on hunting the sponsor of my bounty. If players kill the sponsor of the bounty, the mercenary bar depletes and starts over. The first couple tiers aren't as important, but around the fourth mark I would end up in large battles to take over a fort, and would consistently get two or three mercenaries joining the fray towards the end, making a large battle even more difficult.
Loot comes fast and heavy in Assassin's Creed Odyssey. Players will find a plethora of all weapon and armor types, but they quickly become underpowered. Odyssey has an easy to use system of allowing players to upgrade weapons and equipment to their current level, but this comes at a pretty high cost of use. Engravings allow powerful perks to be equipped to favorite weapons and equipment. These two in-game tools give players the opportunity to continue using their favorite weapons and armor throughout the whole game, but keep in mind a lot of resources will be used.
Because a large portion of the map is engulfed in ocean, naval combat players another key role in Assassin's Creed Odyssey. All of the naval combat and navigation will feel similar to anyone that has played any of the Assassin's Creed titles that feature it. However, this is probably the most accessible version of it featured to date. Upgrades are easy to equip and utilize, and it quickly becomes apparent how important upgrading your ship is to survival.
I think the biggest hurdle, and one of my only complaints about Assassin's Creed Odyssey is how much effort it takes to actually move the story forward. Players must explore the world and take on the random fetch quests and unimportant side missions that some of the NPC's have to offer. After a certain point, levelling up slows way down, and those side missions provide needed experience boosts to continue. Due to the politics and war ravaging Greece, the main story quests are as personal as they are politics driven. Some quests require players to kill a ton of enemies, while others require stealthy approaches to infiltrate buildings and rig votes or steal attack plans. The story missions are more diverse than a lot of the side missions, but a few of the side missions really stand out.
Some of the coolest moments in the entire 60+ hour journey came at the hands of side quests. The first one that stands out came from the daughters of Artemis. These missions task players with defeating extremely powerful legendary creatures. These work like the rare animal hunts from other Ubisoft franchises but the combat and intensity from Odyssey make this work better than other titles. The second stand out group of side quests I want to bring up are the cultist side missions. These are actually a main point of the entire journey, but since they aren't part of the personal journey, they feel more like side quests. As players hunt members of the cult, they earn clues to identify the main leader of each cult branch. Each cultist has a clue that helps players locate the members, but they'll need to explore a large portion of the world to track them all down.
For the first time in franchise history, Ubisoft has given players options on how they want to explore the world of Greece. Upon first starting up the game, players can choose guided or exploration modes of gameplay. Guided mode works a little closer to traditional Assassin's Creed gameplay, with quest markers and objective markers showing them where to go. Exploration mode is more immersive, and requires players to listen to NPC's and clues on where to go without objective markers. Exploration mode is how Odyssey is meant to be played, and is the best way to naturally uncover the world and all of its secrets.
I played through Odyssey on PC, and didn't really experience many problems. Most of my issues arose from the actual uPlay service, which would sign me out after long gameplay sessions. This wasn't a real problem though, because I never lost any progress. Checkpoints were a little hit or miss, which caused a little lost progress, but I never missed anything due to uPlay. While PC requirements are pretty steep for Odyssey, my GTX 980 ti ran at 2460x1440p at a steady 45-60 fps. Online benchmarks put my rig on the lower end, but after really digging into the settings, everything ran better than my initial expectations. Ubisoft Kiev actually took over PC duties from the main developers at Ubisoft Quebec, giving players a full suite of customization and performance options. They've done a really commendable job at giving players a full range of options on such a varied platform.
I thought I enjoyed last year's Assassin's Creed Origins, but I hadn't seen anything yet. The team at Ubisoft Quebec have done an incredible job bringing the world of Ancient Greece to life, with teeming cities, and widely varied environments. Even the sea is fun to explore, both on a boat and while swimming. This is an intimate tale of a broken family, and focusing on that story benefits the franchise as a whole greatly. This has been my favorite Assassin's Creed title since the second one in the franchise, and it seems like Ubisoft as a whole is starting to hit a peak on how to create a varied open-world RPG from the ashes of the previous gameplay style of Assassin's Creed.
Assassin's Creed Odyssey is available now for Playstation 4, Xbox One, and PC. This review was based on a PC copy of the game provided by Ubisoft. Purchases are available here.
Narrative has occasional pacing issues.


This summer, we have been serving this beautiful Skillet Fried Chicken at Streetbird Rotisserie in Harlem. I've gotten a lot of requests for the recipe, so I wanted to post it now with the delicious summer succotash we are serving. Make it now while corn and tomatoes are in season. If it's not summer, feel free to pair with your favorite seasonal side.
1. Pound each chicken breast filet till flat. Season well with salt on both sides.
2. Pour the flour, eggs, and panko into three separate dishes for the dredge. Dip the chicken into the flour, shaking off any excess. Next dip into the egg and finish with the panko bread crumbs.
3. The breaded chicken breasts can be sautéed or deep fried till golden brown and the internal temperature is at 160. Once the Chicken has been cooked, season well with salt.
1. Remove the husk from the fresh corn and discard. Grill the corn in a pan or on an outdoor grill until blistered and charred. Once the corn has been browned on all sides, remove the kernels from the ear.
2. Sauté the grilled corn with the fresno chilis, fava beans, and tomatos. Season with the salt and chili paste.
1. In a small sauce pan or skillet, sweat the aromatics in oil over moderate heat. Add the curry paste and deglaze with the soy sauce, scraping off any bits stuck to the pan.
2. Add the coconut milk and water. Bring the liquid to a boil and then reduce to a simmer for 30 minutes. Add the honey and corn starch slurry and allow the sauce to thicken. Season to taste with salt.
3. Puree until smooth using an immersion blender or stand blender.
1. In a shallow 2 ounces of the green curry sauce. Spoon 1 ounce of succotash into the bowl. Cut the chicken breast in half and shingle on top of each other. Add 2 more ounces of the succotash on top. Place a piece of frisse on top and drizzle with extra virgin olive oil and salt.


text:
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var _Title = require("../Typography/Title/Title");

var _Headline = require("../Typography/Headline/Headline");

var _excluded = ["icon", "header", "action", "children", "stretched", "getRootRef"];

/**
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exports.Placeholder = Placeholder;
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Jobs in Safety is a free employment information service specifically for the Australian safety profession. Our email bulletins are compiled by humans and are guaranteed to contain only fresh and relevant employment opportunities. We won't waste your time with the same old jobs over and over again.
We include only jobs relating to Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S, OHS, OS&H, OSH), also commonly known as Workplace Health and Safety (WHS), Environmental Health and Safety (EHS, SHE), Workplace Mental Health & Wellbeing, Injury Management and Return to Work (RTW), Occupational / Workplace Hygiene.
Our email updates are an ideal way to keep in touch with the Safety employment market, without wasting time sifting through thousands of ads on a typical 'job board'. It's quick and easy to subscribe and requires no personal information - click here to subscribe.
Only interested in senior positions?
When subscribing you can opt to receive only jobs paying over AU$100k.
People look for jobs in many different ways. With just one advert we enable you to directly reach thousands of Safety people nationwide, including passive job candidates whom you're unlikely to reach with other on-line employment advertising products.
There's also our Advertising Guarantee!
We are also the sole financial sponsor of the HSE Forum where people can exchange ideas and policies, discuss current safety issues and ask for career advice.
Jobs in Safety is published by Job Media . We have other targeted recruitment advertising products which work on the same model as Jobs in Safety, these are Jobs in Planning and our flagship product Jobs in HR.
Want to keep an eye on the market but don't have time to browse the job boards?
Don't miss that life changing career opportunity - subscribe to receive our free email bulletins containing only the latest Safety jobs.
Click here to go to our Subscribe page for more information.


text:
from cache_handler import DPCacheHandler
from backend import CustomRedisBackend


Individual reusable laser cut Character Stencils ($2.00/each). The size is measured based on height for uppercase letter. Please note that there is a minimum order amount of $5.00.
First, enter all characters in the text box, without spaces (enter upper and lower case letter stencils and number stencils, as requested). Then select the font style from the drop-down menu. To view font option, click here. Last, if needed, enter special directions. Also, note that you can't return custom Character Stencils since we can't re-sell them.


Providing You with COMFORT, our top priority!
• The Deluxe Rooms have 21" Color TV.
• The Regular Rooms come with a 14" Color TV.
• All Rooms have hot and cold water facility.
• All rooms are well furnished to make you feel comfortable.
• All rooms have a seperate Verandah.
• Swimming Pool, baby pool, water slide, jacuzzi, playground.
• Gujarat Bhavan Hotel is very well known for its Gujarati & Jain Food.
• Gujarat Bhavan Hotel also offers Punjabi & Chinese Cuisines.


Headquartered in Kohler, Wisconsin, Kohler Company is one of the oldest and largest privately held companies in USA.
With more than 50 manufacturing locations on 6 continents, more than 30,000 Kohler associates are able to present the concept of gracious living in every corner of the world.
Kohler Co. is the recognised leader in Kitchen and Bath designs and is America's largest manufacturer of plumbing and speciality products as well as a major producer of generators and four cycle engines.
How is smart technology shaping the world we live in? Our homes, workspaces and beyond?
Kohler and Monocle cordially invite you to an evening of discussion and exploration.
As part of the internet of things, our devices are talking to each other – so isn't it time we joined the conversation?
With a look at the latest trends and design insights, hear what the pioneers in the field have to say and join us for a night of presentations and lively debate.


The Insider Crop in Not Guilty - MOTHER – Grafic Enterprises Inc.
This season everything is moving up, the silhouette of the moment features a higher rise and shorter inseam. This one in classic black denim wash. Measurements are approximately 10" rise, and 26" inseam.


The category of Case History will also be retained as a payment system for these type of commissions.
There have been slight changes to all commissioning letters and core contributor agreements to come in line with AOL Time Warner requirements. Due to these changes all core contributors will need to sign a new core contributor agreement letter. A document detailing your core contributors has been attached to this email. After consultation with the Editor's Group it was suggested that some titles may wish the communication with the contributors to come from myself. If this is the case please let me know. Please could you communicate this proposal to your commissioning editors and ECS users and forward to me any objections/problems that you or your teams can foresee with this proposal which we can discuss further. I am happy to attend these meetings with you, if further clarification is needed.


As a recruiter, I spend much of my day on LinkedIn. I'm searching terms related to my job searches, finding possible candidates, reading their profiles and reaching out when someone sticks out. So, how do you do that? How do you get me or MR/MS Recruiter to contact you for a job opportunity? It turns out it's easy to really stand out from the crowd.
First, you need to start with your qualifications. Many of the profiles I find are missing some basic information. Imagine you were telling your friend/wife/boyfriend/girlfriend what it is you do every day. Write that down. That is your job description. Don't worry about using all the technical terms of the exact type of analysis you do. Simply write down a quick overview of what you do and what you do well. It's not hard, but it's very often overlooked. So many people write a job title and that's it. If you give 1 -3 sentences about what you do you are already ahead of the game. I also recommend you list the computer programs you have experience with. AutoCAD, Revit, CATIA and others are some of the first things on any job description and when you say what you have experience with it stands out right way. It's a very fast way for a recruiter to know you have valuable experience.
Beyond technical expertise, it comes down to personality.
Bring your personality to your profile! Most recruiters are in this job because we like people! We appreciate when someone tells us how got they to where they are, what motivates them, and what their goals are. This is all great info to put into your profile page. What are your hobbies? We have worked with engineers who have some fun and off the wall after work activities. If you're a mechanical engineer who build cars for fun, that's a great fact for us to tell our clients. You will not only stand out to the recruiter, but also to the hiring manager. It shows an interest in your specialty beyond simply being a job. It shows a passion that every company wants to see in their employees.
A large number of people update their LinkedIn profile when they change companies or get a major promotion, but otherwise ignore it. LinkedIn is the largest database of business professionals in the world, and if you want to attract professionals who do their homework, understand your experience and reach out to you as appropriate, you need to invest as much time in your brand as you would expect someone to invest when looking to contact you. You want people who are professionals reaching out to you, you need to show that you are a professional as well. Some great places to start would be to list any conferences you have gone to so you can show that you are active in the community of your industry. Think of any training you have done for new tools or programs, have you studied emerging trends or learned about new technology in your space.
These are all great topics that show you are working to keep up as your industry is growing and evolving. Recruiters and hiring managers want to find people who will being industry knowledge to their companies, if you show you are working to keep up with changes you will instantly standout.
None of this is a guarantee that you will magically make a recruiter appear with a job, but little things help. When it comes down to several, similar candidates with equal experience, the more you can stand out the better chance you have of getting the recruiters attention. Every little bit counts. Happy Job Searching!


This is the email I sent to my wife today. She responded kindly. Wanting to know what was making me feel that way. I responded profoundly; "IDK, just life". To which she replied by reminding me what a great, stress free weekend we had, how the kids were relaxed, they did their homework, made dinner, we all got out for a walk, my daughter and I talked about the possibility of her changing schools because she's not doing well (probably because of me), and we got through that without fighting – but then she said "you have a great life". I got pissed.
I thought to myself, You are the one relieved. You are the one that finally got what you want. Your life is great not mine! Mine is in total upheaval. I'm scared to death that I'm going to let people down again, that I'll lose touch with all my friends – and I do have some very good ones. My friends were never the trigger for my drinking. My drinking is very often and increasingly solo. My friends are successful, thoughtful, productive people and I don't want to let go of them. I need space and understanding and I'm not ready to just fit in to the "daddy box" and do what I'm told.
I told her (most) of this and told her she needed to moderate her expectations of me. That I need to focus on me for a while. She understood that. She's always been good to me and I love her very much. twenty-three years and counting.
But she's not a drunk. She doesn't like to drink. She doesn't like feeling hung over. She's normal. She's never agonized over it. Quit and started. Quit and started. She doesn't quite understand what I've undertaken and how empty it all is right now. And so I can't talk to her.
I do have several friends that are sober. I haven't reached out to them yet, but I know that's what I have to do. I hope that I can do it soon. It will help.


text:
Elon Musk claims an ad-free version of Twitter Blue is in development
An even more expensive Twitter Blue subscription tier may be headed our way, according to a Saturday tweet from CEO Elon Musk. Musk claims, he and his already thin operating crew are working on plans to introduce a "higher priced" subscription for Twitter Blue users that allows "zero ads."
Tweet may have been deleted
The full details of this new Twitter Blue tier are largely unknown, as the only information about the tier comes directly from Musk's tweet. Twitter did not immediately respond to a request for comment from Mashable. In theory, Musk is serious about an ad-free tier coming to Twitter, but Musk also stated in court this week that just because he tweets something, it "does not mean people believe it or will act accordingly." So, who knows if we should believe him or not?
Twitter blocked third-party clients citing old rules. Then it silently added new rules.
As it stands for Twitter Blue users now, the current $7.99 per month subscription promises 50 percent fewer ads, a feature that has yet to be rolled out. Features that do exist, however, include a blue "verified" checkmark, the ability to edit and undo tweets, a reader mode for long threads, and prioritized ranking in conversations. Other promised features coming to the platform include "Coins" to reward creators (à la TikTok) and the ability to make the polarizing view counts feature optional.
Musk's desire to offer an ad-free Twitter experience is due in part to what he claims are frequent and big ads taking over the platform. This announcement comes just a week after a Wall Street Journal report found that Twitter was willing to match advertisers up to $250,000 in a desperate plea for ad buyers to return. In the same thread, Musk also claims that a creator fund is in the works to incentivize content creators to stay on Twitter.
Musk's tweet comes days after Twitter suddenly stopped supporting third-party clients who previously had access to the platform, and the two events may be related. According to the Verge, Twitter does not earn ad revenue when its API is used through third-party clients, meaning Musk was most likely grasping for more ad revenue by snubbing these third-party developers. Also per the Verge, the extra-expensive paid tier can be understood as another response to Twitter's growing financial struggles — Musk simply needs users to give Twitter more money.
The Twitter drama never seems to stop does it? But maybe an expensive, ad-free version will deaden the pain.
From Kierkegaard to Mrs. Knowles With 032c FW23
Bode FW23 Was a New Kind of Family Affair

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
MotherGunship Getting Retail Release on PlayStation 4 and Xbox One
Tanner Pierce
October 18, 2017 2:50 PM EST
NewsXbox OnePS4
MotherGunship is set to get a retail release, thanks to distributor Sold Out, when the game releases mid 2018.
Today developer Terrible Posture Games and the publisher behind the recently released Deadcore, Grip Digital announced that they will be partnering with the distribution company Sold Out to bring their game MotherGunship to retail stores in the near future.
MotherGunship is a first-person shooter and the spiritual successor to Terrible Posture Games' previous title Tower of Guns. While the gameplay remains pretty much the same from its predecessor, the title features a brand new crafting system, which allows players to create their own weapons.
While speaking about the physical release, Joshua Garrity, the Digital Content Manager at Sold Out Sales & Marketing, had this to say:
"This is a great title for Sold Out. With MotherGunship, you have the freedom to create whatever you want with a new modular approach to gun crafting that allows players to express themselves with millions of possible combinations. You can even strap 12 barrels to one weapon if you want. This makes for exhilarating fast and explosive gameplay, plus the game's procedurally generated level layouts and enemy configurations ensure that it feels like a new challenge every time you play, no matter how many times you come back for more."
About a month ago, a brand new trailer for MotherGunship was released, which showed off gameplay, as well as the previously mentioned crafting system. The title was first announced all the way back in February, when the first trailer accompanied the announcement.
MotherGunship Shows Bullet-hell Gameplay and Gun Customization in New Trailer
Mothergunship Announced for PS4, Xbox One, and PC; Coming December 29, 2017
Bothe the physical and digital version of MotherGunShip will launch in mid 2018 and will be available on PlayStation 4, Xbox One, as well as PC.
Mothergunship Review — Fast and Furious First-Person Shooting Fun
Mothergunship is a first-person shooter roguelike that takes elements from each genre creating an incredibly satisfying experience.
Mothergunship Gets an Official Release Date; New Trailer Released
Mothergunship Gets Demo on PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and PC
Mothergunship Preview — One Man Army in Space
Just What is Inside the Tower of Guns
Climb the Tower of Guns in This Bombastic Trailer


The process of getting started as a collaborator in CMiC will be kicked off by your Swinerton Project Manager.
1. First your Swinerton Project Manager will request Collaborator access on your behalf.
2. You will then receive an email from Swinerton Information Technology notifying you that CMiC access has been granted and the URL for the CMiC environment.
3. Your user ID and password will be provided in a separate email.
4. Once you have received these two emails, you can log into the system to verify your access.
- Contact your Swinerton team support representative to set up another date/time for training.
6. Begin using CMiC on your project!
CMiC for the Subcontractor occurs the first Friday of each month (with the exception of February 2017). This webinar will help the subcontractor understand how to use our Collaborative software CMiC. It is a very powerful tool that will enable everyone on the team to work with all the same documents. After registering you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the training.
Subcontractors, please register for the date and time that works best for you HERE.
CMiC for the Architect/Consultant/Owner occurs several the first Friday of each month (with the exception of February 2017).This webinar will help the subcontractor understand how to use our Collaborative software CMiC. It is a very powerful tool that will enable everyone on the team to work with all the same documents. After registering you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the training.
Architect/Consultant/Owner's, please register for the date and time that works best for you HERE.


text:
Lars Ericson, född 1945, är en svensk botaniker. Han disputerade 1977 vid Umeå universitet där han senare blivit professor i ekologisk botanik. Han blev 1991 ledamot av Vetenskapsakademien.

Källor

Tryckt litteratur
Kungl. vetenskapsakademien, Matrikel 1998/1999, ISSN 0302-6558, sid. 54.

Fotnoter

Externa länkar

Svenska professorer i botanik
växtekologer
Personer verksamma vid Umeå universitet
Ledamöter av Kungliga Vetenskapsakademien
Män
Födda 1945
Levande personer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Oral Answers To Questions
Agriculture, Fisheries And Food
Flood Prevention (Kent)
Sir John Rodgers
asked the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food if he will request the Southern Water Authority to submit emergency plans to prevent or mitigate flooding, particularly in the areas of Edenbridge, Leigh, Hildenborough and Tonbridge to be completed before the end of 1975 if possible.
Mr. Strang
The prevention of flooding in these areas is a matter for the Southern Water Authority. I understand that its view is that it would not be practicable to carry out emergency works pending a decision on the main scheme.
Sir J. Rodgers
Is the Minister aware that the proposed barrage of the Medway, flooding 1,000 acres in my constituency, will expose many houses to flooding twice or thrice a year for the next five years? That is unsatifactory. Will he ask the Southern Water Authority to re-examine the possibility of dredging the Medway and raising the level of the wall which could protect Tonbridge and other areas from flooding? The consultants on the job have already wasted six years. Will he give them a bit of a jerk?
I have noted what the hon. Gentleman said. He will appreciate that there are many complexities in the last report produced by the consultants, and reaction to it was very mixed. I remind the hon. Gentleman that this is a matter for the Southern Water Authority. We cannot tell it how to do its job.
Mr. Stanley
Is the hon. Gentleman aware that in the absence of any alternative my constituents are behind the implementation of this scheme and look to his right hon. Friend to hold his statutory inquiry in May or June of this year so that the necessary Private Bill can be introduced in the next Session?
I assure the hon. Gentleman that we shall give the authorities all the help and support that they need in these matters.


text:
The Grand Princess arrives in San Francisco on March 9, 2020. The cruise ship, which had maintained a holding pattern off the coast for days, is carrying multiple people who tested positive for COVID-19. (AP)
Cruise ship hit by coronavirus pulls into California port
The Associated Pres, Oakland, California
Published: 10 March ,2020: 12:00 AM GST Updated: 20 May ,2020: 10:57 AM GST
A cruise ship with a cluster of coronavirus cases that forced it to idle off the California coast for days arrived Monday at a port in the San Francisco Bay Area as state and US officials prepared to start bringing passengers to military bases for quarantine or get them back to their home countries.
The Grand Princess pulled into the Port of Oakland with more than 3,500 people aboard - 21 of them infected with the new virus. Some people waved from their balconies or left their cabins to go onto the decks.
Carrying multiple people who have tested positive for COVID-19, the Grand Princess cruise ship is shown after passing the Golden Gate Bridge from Yerba Buena Island in San Francisco, on March 9, 2020. (AP)
It's unclear how many travelers would get off the ship Monday - the captain told passengers that not everyone would.
US passengers will be flown or bused from the port - chosen because of its proximity to an airport and a military base - to bases in California, Texas and Georgia for testing and a 14-day quarantine. The ship is carrying people from 54 countries, and foreigners will be whisked home.
Check out our dedicated coronavirus site here.
About 1,100 crew members, 19 of whom have tested positive for COVID-19, will be quarantined and treated aboard the ship, which will dock elsewhere, California Gov. Gavin Newsom said.
The ship had been held off the coast since Wednesday amid evidence it was the breeding ground for infections tied to a previous voyage.
A passenger waves aboard the Grand Princess off the coast of San Francisco as a media boat approaches on Sunday, March 8, 2020. (AP)
Passengers from the previous voyage have tested positive in California and other states. Six Canadians who were on the Grand Princess from Feb. 11 to 21 were confirmed to have the virus.
As it pulled closer to the Bay Area, Grand Princess passenger Karen Schwartz Dever said "everyone was hollering and clapping as we entered the harbor."
Another passenger, Laurie Miller of San Jose, said they were told that anyone who was getting off Monday had already received a written notice and luggage tags.
"Not us!" she said in a message. "This is an absolute circus."
The virus has infected 600 people in the US, and at least 22 have died, most in Washington state. Cases have topped 111,000 worldwide and over 3,800 people have died, the bulk of them in China. Italy has become the latest country to lock down a region in an attempt to prevent the virus from spreading.
The Grand Princess cruise ship heads for the San Francisco-Oakland Bay Bridge on March 9, 2020, in this view from Sausalito, California. (AP)
On Wall Street, a combination of coronavirus fears and plunging oil prices sent stocks plummeting Monday.
Dr. Anthony Fauci, the National Institutes of Health's infectious diseases chief, said widespread closure of a city or region is "possible."
US Surgeon General Jerome Adams said communities will need to start thinking about canceling large gatherings, closing schools and letting more employees work from home, as many companies have done in the Seattle area amid an outbreak at a care home that has killed 17.
Coronavirus: Vloggers go live from stranded cruise ship off California coast
Twenty-one test positive for coronavirus aboard cruise ship off San Francisco
Helicopter delivers coronavirus testing kits to cruise ship off California coast
Several universities have begun online-only courses, including the University of Washington, Stanford University and Columbia University. The largest school district in Northern California, with 64,000 students, canceled classes for a week when it was discovered a family in the district was exposed to COVID-19.
The California governor and Oakland mayor sought to reassure people that none of the cruise ship passengers would be exposed to the public before completing the quarantine. Officials also were trying to decide where the ship and its crew would go next.
"That ship will turn around - and they are currently assessing appropriate places to bring that quarantined ship - but it will not be here in the San Francisco Bay," Gov. Newsom said.
Meanwhile, another cruise ship, the Regal Princess, pulled into a Florida port late Sunday after being held off the state's coast for hours while awaiting coronavirus test results for two crew members, who did not have symptoms consistent with COVID-19.
The State Department warned against travel on cruise ships because of "increased risk of infection of COVID-19 in a cruise ship environment."
Another Princess ship, the Diamond Princess, was quarantined for two weeks in Yokohama, Japan, last month because of the virus. Ultimately, about 700 of the 3,700 people aboard became infected in what experts pronounced a public health failure, with the vessel essentially becoming a floating germ factory.
Coronavirus: India denies entry to cruise ships
India has banned all foreign cruise ships from its ports because of coronavirus, with one European vessel turned away from Mangalore in the south at ... World News
Egypt confirms 33 new cases of coronavirus on Nile cruise ship
Egypt confirmed on Saturday 33 new cases of coronavirus on a cruise ship on the River Nile that officials said the previous day had been struck by the ... Middle East
Total of seven passengers dead after coronavirus infections on cruise ship
A former passenger of the Diamond Princess cruise ship who was infected with coronavirus has died, bringing the death toll from the ship to seven, ... World News
Cruise ship on Egypt's Nile River quarantined as 12 coronavirus cases detected
A cruise ship on Egypt's Nile River with over 150 tourists and local crew was in quarantine Saturday in the southern city of Luxor, after 12 people ... Middle East
US says Russia not complying with inspection obligation under nuclear arms treaty
China is learning from Putin's war in Ukraine, NATO Chief warns


Despite the economic struggles of the wider Caribbean and Latin America region, the Dominican Republic is set to record strong growth for 2015, with its financial services sector – and mobile banking in particular – thriving.
Global business process outsourcing is going from strength to strength, and while developed countries have dominated as sources of investment, developing countries are also starting to emerge.
Klarna has become Sweden's next $1bn tech company. Michal Kaczmarski looks at how the company has simplified online payments to the benefit of buyers and retailers alike, and reports on its quest to replicate its existing success in Europe in the competitive US payments market.
Lublin is rapidly establishing itself as a leading business hub in eastern Poland, with companies attracted by the city's large and highly skilled talent pool. Now, it is looking to benefit from the growing nearshoring trend, and is setting its sights on attracting businesses in the business process outsourcing sector.


text:
Angeline Poubeau (Leporini)
A leading perfumer of the largest Spanish perfume group company.
Angeline got interested in perfumery during a holiday travel to Egypt when she was 17. She visited a factory for distillation of essential oils from roses, raw materials and fell in love with it. This discovery motivated Angeline to pursue a bachelor's degree in chemistry and subsequently a master's degree at ISIPCA.
After graduation she was lucky to be employed as an intern at a perfume house in Grasse famed for its expertise in natural ingredients. Under the guidance of a senior perfumer, Angeline discovered the importance of natural raw materials for creating fragrances and relevance of protection and preservation of this industry, which may pass away soon under the impact of large chemical groups.
Angeline is described by fellow perfumers as "a methodical creator," and that she accepts their opinion. In fact, if you work methodically and persistently to resolve any issue, ultimately you can to attain great heights.
At one point, Angeline was fascinated by dealing with fragrances for personal care products. According to Angeline those fragrances which are in close contact with the skin for a long time deserve close attention and more detailed study. But this does not interfere with her working in parallel on the most sophisticated and complex briefs for "delicate perfumery". The accords she creates in complex perfume projects commonly become the inspiration for the scents of creams and personal care products. Angeline believes that subtle delicate scents should surround us in everyday life all the time in order to get maximum pleasure from any routine procedures. And this is one of the main missions of a modern perfumer.
Sebastian Martin, France
Sebastian works as the chief perfumer of a French concern located in the city of Grasse. At the age of 13, he realized that he wanted to become a professional perfumer and create perfumes that evoke feelings and emotions in people. After school, Sebastian studied at the Department of Analytical Chemistry at THE asfo graduate school of perfumery in Grasse. And in 2000, after graduating from ASFO, he joined the team of the famous perfumer Michel Almayrak in the concern ROBERTET. Since 2009, Sebastian has been working as a perfumer at CREATIONS & PARFUMS, where he gets the opportunity to implement his creative ideas using the rich palette of high-quality raw materials available to the company. To date, he has been involved in creating fragrances for famous brands such as DIOR and Berdoues, as well as new niche projects for FOUQUET'S (a chain of fine restaurants) and FLEURS DE FESTIVAL – CANNES (the fragrance of the Cannes festival). Favorite parts Sebastian - fruit-animal Osmanthus and amber-musk Cashmeran. The most important thing in his work, he sees the creation of a harmonious fragrance that will give new olfactory impressions or resurrect the most joyful and pleasant memories.
For AURA OF KAZAKHSTAN Sebastian created 2 perfume compositions: Music of Mountains and Land of Tulips.
Sarah McCartney, United Kingdom
An independent perfumer, in 2011 she created the 4160 Tuesdays perfume workshop in a historic Victorian mansion in Hammersmith, where she spends most of her time creating unusual, adventurous scents. Before becoming a perfumer, Sarah was the chief copywriter at Lush for more than a decade, and then worked on her novel, The Scent of Possibility. The main character of her book was a perfumer who created perfumes that help people find peace in their soul, solve problems and become happier. With the publication of the novel, there was a hitch, and Sarah decided to create her own perfume, which she described in detail in her book. The launch of its own line of fragrances was successful and brought Sarah the fame of an extraordinary and very talented artisanal perfumer. Perfume expert Lizzie Ostrom chose them for herself and presented them at her legendary "Scratch+Sniff Speakeasy Scents" event in London. They were also highly regarded by the Perfume society's founder, the well-known perfume critic Josephine Fairley. In addition to perfumery, Sarah practices yoga classes that help her clear her mind and awaken creative energy. He also collects ink pens and constantly replenishes his collection with various rare copies.
For AURA OF KAZAKHSTAN Sarah created 4 perfume compositions: Pulse of Astana, Heart of Alma-Ata, Wind of the Great Steppe and Saga of the Silk Road.
Lucas Sieuzac, España
Leading perfumer of the largest Spanish perfume concern. Luca is a representative of the third generation of the French perfumers ' dynasty. Even as a child, he showed the ability to family craft, and at the age of 18, he decided to get a special education and devote his entire life to working on creating perfume compositions. He received a professional education and first experience as a perfumer in The florasynth concern, later worked in such large companies as Symrise, Créations Aromatiques, Cosmo International Fragrances, Eurofragance. During this time, he participated in the development of fragrances for the world's most famous brands-Amouage, Givenchy, Chopard, Comme des Garcons, Armani, Carolina Herrera, Cerutti, Jil Sander, etc. Luca is the owner of several prestigious professional awards, including the Fashion Group International award and the "Prix Lalique" for creativity and talent. The perfumer's favorite color is sea azure, and his favorite animal is the proud Albatross. A city that excites and inspires new discoveries – the hot and contrasting Rio de Janeiro.
For AURA OF KAZAKHSTAN Lucas created perfume composition: Black Gold.
Angela Champagna, Spain
Independent perfumer and co-founder of the artistic perfume brand Angela Ciampagna Alta Profumeria Artigianale and the perfume house Label Fine Perfumes Toilets & Waxes, where each product is designed, produced, filled and packaged in its own perfume production on the island of Tenerife. She began studying the art and technology of perfumery on her own during her University years, and worked for many hours on experimental production of infusions, following the method of Stephen W. Dowayt. According to Angela, the perfumer's work on creating perfumes is not just the development of a"formula of composition". She wants her Studio to adhere to the principle of the old perfume Atelier that opened in Europe in the early nineteenth century, when perfume was followed the entire production process from the birth of the image texture to create the final product, at all stages of formulation development, raw material selection, production of concentrate, mixing, aging, filtering, bottling in bottles. Among Angela's most important awards is the FiFi Russian Fragrance Awards 2018 for the best niche collection, which she received for the De Vita Angela Ciampagna trilogy. She is currently working on creating an experimental garden in Tenerife to Supplement her collection of extracts with a new exclusive raw material for use in her new developments.
For AURA OF KAZAKHSTAN Angela created perfume composition:The Legend of Tomiris
Vanessa Prudent, France
Vanessa works as a leading perfumer in a large perfume and cosmetics concern in the heart of the French perfume industry-the city of Grasse. She was born in Normandy, where she discovered her passion for natural scents during horseback rides in the picturesque surroundings. This prompted her to study chemistry and later enroll in the prestigious isipca perfume school in Paris to become a perfumer. In 1997, she completed her training and got the opportunity to start a career as a perfumer at the prestigious IFF company in Paris. In 1998, she flew to Brazil (IFF Sao Paulo), where she discovered a rich culture that combines bright exotics, a variety of natural landscapes and vegetation, human generosity and unique local cuisine. This experience strongly influenced her further work. In 2001, Vanessa decides to return to her perfume origins and accepts an offer to become a leading perfumer in a company located in the famous city of Grasse. She tries to diversify her compositions and bring her own experience to them. She is inspired by travel and gastronomy, interesting cultural customs and clean natural smells. Favorite ingredients are cardamom, which gives the composition brightness and dynamics, incense with their mystical overtones and the ability to refresh any composition, and kashmeran, a synthetic component that combines warmth, sensuality and peace.
For AURA OF KAZAKHSTAN Vanessa created perfume composition: Silver Edelweiss.


text:
The President of India accepts resignation of Lt. Governor Delhi Anil Baijal; appoints Vinai Kumar Saxena as new LG
The President of India has been pleased to appoint Shri Vinai Kumar Saxena to be the Lt. Governor of National Capital Territory of Delhi with effect from the date he assumes charge of his office.
The resignation of Shri Anil Baijal who was the Lt. Governor of National Capital Territory of Delhi earlier has been accepted by the President of India. Anil Baijal had put down his paper due to some personal reasons last week.
The Lieutenant Governor is the centre's representative to Delhi. The state government of Delhi(AAP) and Anil Baijal were not in best of official relations and often clashed over policy issues until a Supreme Court judgement in 2018 spelled out the powers of the LG and the state government.
Born on March 23, 1958, Saxena is currently the chairman of Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC). He was appointed in the post in 2015.
Shri Vinay Saxena is an alumni of Kanpur University.He also hold a with a pilot's licence.
Vinay Saxena was also a part of the national committee which was headed by the Prime Minister Narendra Modi to commemorate the 75th anniversary of India's Independence.
Also Read: CJI Ramana takes recommendation from Justice JK Maheshwari on elevation of Judges
In the Social field, Mr Saxena has formed an NGO I year 1991 named National Council for Civil Liberties (NCCL) which opposed
Medha Patkar of the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) for their attempts to stop construction of the Sardar Sarovar Project and other upcoming hydro projects in Narmada Valley since 1991.
Delhi Lieutenant Governor Anil Baijal
KVIC
NCCL
Vinai Kumar Saxena
Previous articleSupreme Court: 51 Former High Court Judges have been conferred position of Senior Advocates
Next articlePIL filed in Delhi HC seeking equal honour to Vande Mataram as Jana Gana Mana


text:
"""

Code based on https://github.com/penvirus/macho_parser

Adopted by Elias Bachaalany <elias.bachaalany@gmail.com>

- 01/17/2019 - make it work on Windows
             - added test dump function
             - make it work in Python 3.x

"""

from collections import namedtuple
from struct import Struct

try:
    # Python 2
    xrange
except NameError:
    # Python 3, xrange is now named range
    xrange = range

"""
struct mach_header {
        uint32_t        magic;
        cpu_type_t      cputype;
        cpu_subtype_t   cpusubtype;
        uint32_t        filetype;
        uint32_t        ncmds;
        uint32_t        sizeofcmds;
        uint32_t        flags;
};

#define MH_MAGIC        0xfeedface
#define MH_CIGAM        0xcefaedfe
"""
mach_header = namedtuple('mach_header', 'magic cputype cpusubtype filetype ncmds sizeofcmds flags')
mach_header_struct = Struct('IiiIIII')
mh_magic = 0xfeedface
mh_cigam = 0xcefaedfe

"""
struct mach_header_64 {
        uint32_t        magic;
        cpu_type_t      cputype;
        cpu_subtype_t   cpusubtype;
        uint32_t        filetype;
        uint32_t        ncmds;
        uint32_t        sizeofcmds;
        uint32_t        flags;
        uint32_t        reserved;
};

#define MH_MAGIC_64 0xfeedfacf
#define MH_CIGAM_64 0xcffaedfe
"""
mach_header_64 = namedtuple('mach_header_64', 'magic cputype cpusubtype filetype ncmds sizeofcmds flags reserved')
mach_header_64_struct = Struct('IiiIIIII')
mh_magic_64 = 0xfeedfacf
mh_cigam_64 = 0xcffaedfe

"""
struct load_command {
        uint32_t cmd;
        uint32_t cmdsize;
};

#define LC_SEGMENT      0x1
#define LC_SEGMENT_64   0x19
"""
load_command = namedtuple('load_command', 'cmd cmdsize')
load_command_struct = Struct('II')
LC_SEGMENT = 0x1
LC_SEGMENT_64 = 0x19

"""
struct segment_command {
        uint32_t        cmd;
        uint32_t        cmdsize;
        char            segname[16];
        uint32_t        vmaddr;
        uint32_t        vmsize;
        uint32_t        fileoff;
        uint32_t        filesize;
        vm_prot_t       maxprot;
        vm_prot_t       initprot;
        uint32_t        nsects;
        uint32_t        flags;
};
"""
segment_command = namedtuple('segment_command', 'cmd cmdsize segname vmaddr vmsize fileoff filesize maxprot initprot nsects flags')
segment_command_struct = Struct('II16sIIIIiiII')

"""
struct segment_command_64 {
        uint32_t        cmd;
        uint32_t        cmdsize;
        char            segname[16];
        uint64_t        vmaddr;
        uint64_t        vmsize;
        uint64_t        fileoff;
        uint64_t        filesize;
        vm_prot_t       maxprot;
        vm_prot_t       initprot;
        uint32_t        nsects;
        uint32_t        flags;
};
"""
segment_command_64 = namedtuple('segment_command_64', 'cmd cmdsize segname vmaddr vmsize fileoff filesize maxprot initprot nsects flags')
segment_command_64_struct = Struct('II16sQQQQiiII')

"""
struct section {
        char            sectname[16];
        char            segname[16];
        uint32_t        addr;
        uint32_t        size;
        uint32_t        offset;
        uint32_t        align;
        uint32_t        reloff;
        uint32_t        nreloc;
        uint32_t        flags;
        uint32_t        reserved1;
        uint32_t        reserved2;
};
"""
section = namedtuple('section', 'sectname segname addr size offset align reloff nreloc flags reserved1 reserved2')
section_struct = Struct('16s16sIIIIIIIII')

"""
struct section_64 {
        char            sectname[16];
        char            segname[16];
        uint64_t        addr;
        uint64_t        size;
        uint32_t        offset;
        uint32_t        align;
        uint32_t        reloff;
        uint32_t        nreloc;
        uint32_t        flags;
        uint32_t        reserved1;
        uint32_t        reserved2;
        uint32_t        reserved3;
};
"""
section_64 = namedtuple('section_64', 'sectname segname addr size offset align reloff nreloc flags reserved1 reserved2 reserved3')
section_64_struct = Struct('16s16sQQIIIIIIII')

class MachO(object):
    def __init__(self, filename):
        self._filename = filename
        self._rf = None
        self._mem = None

    def __enter__(self):
        self._rf = open(self._filename, 'rb')
        self._mem = self._rf.read()
        return self

    def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback):
        if exc_type is not None:
            pass
        self._mem = None
        self._rf.close()

    def _get_header(self):
        """return a 3-tuple (begin_pos, end_pos, header)."""
        header = mach_header._make(mach_header_struct.unpack(self._mem[:mach_header_struct.size]))
        if header.magic == mh_magic_64 or header.magic == mh_cigam_64:
            return (0, mach_header_64_struct.size, mach_header_64._make(mach_header_64_struct.unpack(self._mem[:mach_header_64_struct.size])))
        else:
            return (0, mach_header_struct.size, header)

    def get_header(self):
        return self._get_header()[2]

    def _get_load_commands(self):
        """return a 3-tuple (begin_pos, end_pos, load_command)."""
        _, cur_pos, header = self._get_header()
        for i in xrange(header.ncmds):
            lc = load_command._make(load_command_struct.unpack(self._mem[cur_pos : cur_pos + load_command_struct.size]))
            yield (cur_pos, cur_pos + load_command_struct.size, lc)
            cur_pos += lc.cmdsize

    def get_load_commands(self):
        for _, _, lc in self._get_load_commands():
            yield lc

    def _get_segments(self):
        """return a 3-tuple (begin_pos, end_pos, segment)."""
        for pos, _, lc in self._get_load_commands():
            if lc.cmd == LC_SEGMENT_64:
                seg = segment_command_64._make(segment_command_64_struct.unpack(self._mem[pos : pos + segment_command_64_struct.size]))
                yield (pos, pos + segment_command_64_struct.size, seg)
            elif lc.cmd == LC_SEGMENT:
                seg = segment_command._make(segment_command_struct.unpack(self._mem[pos : pos + segment_command_struct.size]))
                yield (pos, pos + segment_command_struct.size, seg)

    def get_segments(self):
        for _, _, seg in self._get_segments():
            yield seg

    def _get_sections(self):
        """return a 3-tuple (begin_pos, end_pos, section)."""
        for pos, sect_pos, seg in self._get_segments():
            for i in xrange(seg.nsects):
                """NOTE: move the branch to outter loop will be better for performance consideration, but it will duplicate some code."""
                """NOTE: in the case, I don't care about the performance."""
                if seg.cmd == LC_SEGMENT_64:
                    sect = section_64._make(section_64_struct.unpack(self._mem[sect_pos : sect_pos + section_64_struct.size]))
                    yield (sect_pos, sect_pos + section_64_struct.size, sect)
                    sect_pos += section_64_struct.size
                else:
                    sect = section._make(section_struct.unpack(self._mem[sect_pos : sect_pos + section_struct.size]))
                    yield (sect_pos, sect_pos + section_struct.size, sect)
                    sect_pos += section_struct.size

    def get_sections(self):
        for _, _, sect in self._get_sections():
            yield sect

    def _get_data(self, offset, length):
        return self._mem[offset : offset + length]

    @staticmethod
    def as_string(byte_str):
        if len(byte_str) == 0:
            return ''
        try:
            cvt = chr(byte_str[0])
            cvt = chr
        except:
            cvt = lambda x: x

        s = ''
        for x in byte_str:
            x = cvt(x)
            if x == '\x00':
                break
            s += x

        return s

    def get_section_data(self, segname, sectname):
        """Return the binary data for the given segment/section"""
        for sect in self.get_sections():
            sgname = self.as_string(sect.segname)
            stname = self.as_string(sect.sectname)
            if sgname == segname and stname == sectname:
                return self._get_data(sect.offset, sect.size)

        return None

def test_dump_info(fn, segs = True, secs = True):
    with MachO(fn) as m:
        if segs:
            print()
            print("Dumping segments:")
            print("-----------------")
            for x in m.get_segments():
                print(m.as_string(x.segname))

        if secs:
            print()
            print("Dumping sections:")
            print("-----------------")
            for x in m.get_sections():
                print("Segment: %30s Section: %30s" % (
                    m.as_string(x.segname), m.as_string(x.sectname)))


text:
import React, {PropTypes} from "react";

/*
pushes an entity on an array at the property name
target[propertyName].push(entity)
*/
class PushEntityOnProperty extends React.Component {
    static contextTypes = {
        entityID: PropTypes.string.isRequired,
        appState: PropTypes.object,
        actions: PropTypes.object
    }

    static propTypes = {
        targetEntityID: PropTypes.string,
        propertyName: PropTypes.string
    }

    componentDidMount() {
        const {entityID, appState} = this.context;
        const {targetEntityID, propertyName} = this.props;
        const targetEntity = appState.getIn(["entities", targetEntityID, "entity"]);
        const entityToSet = appState.getIn(["entities", entityID, "entity"]);

        entityToSet._pushEntityIdentifier = entityID;

        targetEntity[propertyName].push(entityToSet);
    }

    render() {
        return (
            <div>
                {this.props.children}
            </div>
        );
    }
}

export default PushEntityOnProperty;


There is a lot worth criticizing about the current travel sports system, particularly what's known as AAU basketball. You could criticize it for favoring the development of the wealthy instead of access to the many. You could criticize it for encouraging corruption. You could, as Kobe Bryant (who grew up in the European system and not the American system) did, criticize it for ignoring the instruction of fundamentals in favor of finding "cash cows" at young ages.
Basically, you can criticize the current travel sports system, particularly what's known as AAU basketball, for operating an exploitative system in which the top priority is adults making money through shoe contracts, tourism and bird-dogging of young prospects, and any development --which does happen -- is secondary, and may miss players of lesser means or who are late bloomers.
Also basically, you can't criticize it as Dallas Mavericks owner Mark Cuban did -- in a way that throws all the criticisms on the backs of players and opens the doors wide-open to criticism you're being, shall we say, racially and culturally insensitive.
I'll start by saying that like Cuban, any basketball fan has to be pretty excited about Mavericks rookie Luka Doncic of Slovenia. I could cite stats to show why Doncic has become an instant NBA star at age 19, but it would be easier to show Doncic's signature play (so far) -- a crazy buzzer-beater to put the Mavericks into overtime against Portland in a Dec. 23 game.
"It is important because you're used to people being older than you but I think he just learned how to play basketball and that's the biggest gift. When you're gifted as he is and you actually learn to play the game. If you look at the basketball education of kids starting at 11-years old in Europe and particularly Slovenia which is basketball oriented."
Fair enough. Sounds like the kind of clear, strategic thinking that made Cuban a billionaire business mogul.
Oh, Mr. Cuban, you have more?
"If we took our best kids and seven years before they are McDonald's all-American, we sent them over to Slovenia to get an education, the league would be a thousand times better. They just learn how to play basketball while our guys learn how to dunk and put together mixtapes."
Oh my. This sounds like the kind of horrible white-male-splaining that inspire Cuban to exclaim that "if I see a black kid in a hoodie on my side of the street, I'll move to the other side of the street," who was flat-out wrong in his economic explanation about low pay for WNBA players, and who kept a known domestic abuser on his Mavericks staff and was out of touch with a front-office environment that failed to keep women safe.
On his Twitter feed, Cuban (who has apologized in the past for being wrong and/or insensitive, as he did with the hoodie statement and the front-office issues, the latter of which included a $10 million NBA sanction) hit back on criticism of his comment about "mixtapes."
Who, and why, is anyone sending Mark Cuban a mixtape?
Regardless, Cuban has continued to use his Twitter feed to argue that the United States needs a different basketball development model, including reposting a Ringer article in which he expressed his desire to copy Major League Soccer's academy model, a Europe-ish system in which young, promising players are developed in academies related to the nearest MLS team.
Cuban's statement is, at best, ignorant, in that for all of AAU faults, players are busting their tails to get better and better -- after all, the goal is to advance to the college and pro level, not just make "mixtapes." The other ignorant part of Cuban's statement is that, if it were better to use the European model, then you would think the league would be overrun by players from outside the United States.
But on opening day 2018-19, 24 percent of NBA players are foreign-born -- down from a peak of 26.1 percent in 2016. That percentage includes players from Canada (the most likely source of a foreign-born player), and those who came to America to play high school or college ball. Meanwhile, American players are still in high demand overseas. Ironically, it may be the shoe companies that are the source of much criticism about AAU basketball that are actually improving American development by their heavy funding and ruthless efficiency and gathering and matching up the best players.
The bottom line is that who is becoming a big star in the NBA, or making it there at all, isn't just a product of the quality (or lack thereof) of the development system -- it's about what players have the size, skill, passion and tools to play at the highest level. One of my biggest arguments against spending too much on your kid's sports is that if your child doesn't have those traits, it's highly likely no amount of money -- or development -- will overcome it. My other argument is, if your child is showing those skills, people will find you and your child and let you know the talent and potential is there.
Still, criticizing travel and AAU basketball is fair game. But if you're going to do it, don't be Mark Cuban and use coded language about, uh, culture, to make your point. Particularly when the evidence shows that the culture is still the most dominating force in providing the world's best players.


A waterproof baby blanket is an excellent purchase to assure optimal comfort for your baby. However , you cannot simply buy any waterproof blanket available in the market. There are some basic things you need to take note of to make sure that you are investing in the right one. When you are not sure what to consider, here is a brief guide: Budget: Budget is undoubtedly one of the most significant aspects you need to consider before making a purchase. As a buyer, you must aim making a low cost purchase with out compromising quality. Make sure you buy a waterproof blanket that doesn't go above your financial limit. Manufacturer: To ensure investing in a quality product, it is important that you choose a reliable manufacturer. A few of the basic aspects that assist in determining the credibility of a manufacturer is the number of years they have been in the industry, the kind of reputation they have earned and whether or not they will be appropriately licensed.
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