text:
The World Bank atlas 1989. 22nd edition.
Washington, D.C., World Bank, 1989. 29 p.
This 22nd edition of the Atlas presents current economic and social indicators that describe trends, indicate orders of magnitude, and characterize significant differences among countries. This year illiteracy rates, share of agriculture in gross domestic product, and daily calorie supply per capita are presented in the main table, and illiteracy rates rather than school enrollment ratios are charted. The Atlas reveals that real per capita income has risen during the 1980s for the majority of countries. However, more than 10% of the world's population lives in countries where the real gross national product per capita is not growing; more than half live in countries where the average gross national product per capita is still under $500. Relative income levels are also affected by fluctuations in exchange rates and terms of trade, which have been sharp during the decade. Hence the levels and ranking of gross national product per capita estimates have changed in ways not necessarily related to economic performance. The social indicators provide evidence of improved standards of living since the early 1970s. Recent trends are difficult to discern because conditions change gradually and data on these conditions are less current and less frequently gathered.
The World Bank atlas, 1986.
This atlas presents data on population, gross national product (GNP), and GNP per capita for 1983 in current US dollars for 184 countries and territories. In addition, preliminary estimates for each of these indicators for 1984, annual growth rates for 1973-1983, data on life expectancy, infant mortality, and primary school enrollment are also included. Using color-coded maps of the world to designate different levels for various factors, the maps are easy to read. A comprehensive chart lists all statistics included in the maps. Population growth in the developing countries peaked at 2.4% a year in 1965; this rate has since fallen to about 2.1%, with much of the decline occurring in China. Of the 1.5 billion people that will be added before the end of the century, more than 1/2 will be in countries with a GNP per capita of $400 or less. About 1/6 of the world's people live in countries with a GNP per capita of more than $5500. About 1/10 of the world population live in countries where the average life expectancy at birth is less than 50 years. Life expectancy is closely related to a country's average income. The proportion of infants who die in their 1st year has dropped by 1/2 since 1960, and primary school enrollments in developing countries are twice what they were in 1960--almost 500 million, up from about 240 million.
This atlas presents data on population, gross national product (GNP), and GNP per capita for 1982 in current US dollars for 189 countries and territories. In addition, preliminary estimates for each of these indicators for 1983, annual growth rates for 1973-1982, data on life expectancy, infant mortality, and primary school enrollment are also included. Using color-coded maps of the world to designate different levels of various factors, the maps are easy to read. A comprehensive chart lists all statistics included in the maps. 1/5 of the world's population lives in China, 1/7 lives in India, and 1/10 in the US and USSR combined. 3/4 of the world's people live in developing countries; of 189 countries and territories, 114 have fewer than 10 million people, and 61 have fewer than 1 million people. Population growth in the developing countries peaked at 2.4% a year in 1965--that rate has fallen to 2.1% since then, with much of the decline occurring in China. Nearly 1/2 the world's people live in countries with an average 1982 GNP per capita of $270. During 1973-1982 the GNP per capita increased at a rate of 4% per year or more. Yet, one of the biggest changes in human life during the last 2 decades is that people in developing countries can expect to live much longer; 60 years for an infant born in 1982, compared with 45 years for an infant born in 1960. Primary education is much more widely available today than it was 20 years ago, especially for girls; the average enrollment for developing countries is up from 80% in 1960 to 96% in 1982.
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text:
Experiments in Social Salvation: The Settlement Movement in Chicago, 1890-1910
Janet Reed, Western Kentucky University
In this study, the settlement movement in Chicago is presented as a crucible for the development of Progressive reform. The subjective and objective necessities for social settlements are described through the lives of men and women central to the movement. Reformers such as Jane Addams, Graham Taylor, and Mary McDowell fused their personal motives to their expanding assumptions regarding public welfare in their pursuit of social salvation. The settlement community advanced a methodology of experimentation and flexibility, which was instrumental to the transformation of nineteenth century ideas of charity into the new twentieth century science of social work. The processes of reform were greatly influenced by the evolving concepts of class, gender, and race. The feminine nature of settlement work and the opportunities afforded to generations of college-educated women were integral to the impact the settlement community had on Progressive reform in general and to the role settlement workers played in affecting public opinion. Primary sources include Jane Addams' correspondence, Twenty Years at Hull-House, and issues of the periodical The Commons. The historiography of the Progressive Era is also considered, and the effects of class, gender, and race upon its development throughout the twentieth century.
History | United States History
Reed, Janet, "Experiments in Social Salvation: The Settlement Movement in Chicago, 1890-1910" (2000). Masters Theses & Specialist Projects. Paper 697.
United States History Commons

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Owl Carousel 2 Not Working Magento I'm having a problem with a JQuery Carousel loading within Magento - the code worked perfectly before copying in Magento.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The April 2019 interactive initiatives establish dominance in the world of marketing and retail.
There are some interesting ads that engage consumers in innovative and immersive ways. Crowdsourcing ideas are definitely one of the more straightforward concepts and it is quite high-impact for the consumer who assumes a dominant role in the company's narrative for a limited time. General Motors, for example, turned to people for the naming of its commuter e-bikes, while Burger King tapped college students for April Fools pranks. Each initative was paired with a prize to recognize the winner. A more daring application of interactive marketing is Cadbury's White Creme Egg campaign which prompts viewers to hunt for the treat in other brand's ads.
The April 2019 interactive round-up also spotlights some ultra-immersive retail experiences like Camp's kid-focused environments and Selfridges' art-embracing campaign.


I know that many of you are looking for some guidance on suggestions that could be used to help you manage your stress when using your free Mp3 Self Hypnosis Download.
I always do the best that I can.
My days are filled with accomplishment.
I accept that which I can not change.
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text:
Contributors to this number
Contributors to this issue
Diane Thram
Thram, Diane. 2014. "Contributors to This Issue". African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music 9 (4):166. https://doi.org/10.21504/amj.v9i4.1898.
Diane Thram, Dr, JAZZ IN SERVICE OF THE STRUGGLE: THE NEW BRIGHTON STORY , African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music: Vol. 10 No. 4 (2018): African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music
Diane Thram, Understanding African music -- Listen and learn: music made easy -- For future generations: Hugh Tracey and the International Library of African Music -- Generations of jazz -- Music of Africa -- Historical recordings by Hugh Tracey -- Soul safari series -- Live concert DVDs: recorded in New Brighton, Port Elizabeth, SA. -- Listen all around: 1950s popular music from the Congo, Kenya and Tanganyika -- The Dhow Countries Music Academy: Zanzibar , African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music: Vol. 10 No. 1 (2015): African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music
Diane Thram, annual subscription rates , African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music: Vol. 9 No. 1 (2011): African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music
Diane Thram, Tracklist , African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music: Vol. 9 No. 3 (2013): African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music
Diane Thram, Subscribe now! , African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music: Vol. 9 No. 4 (2014): African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music
Diane Thram, Contributors to this issue , African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music: Vol. 9 No. 2 (2012): African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music
Diane Thram, Publications of ILAM , African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music: Vol. 9 No. 2 (2012): African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music
Diane Thram, TRACKLIST VOLUME 9 NUMBER 4 • 2014 , African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music: Vol. 9 No. 4 (2014): African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music
Diane Thram, TRACKLIST Volume 8 number 3, 2009 , African Music : Journal of the International Library of African Music: Vol. 8 No. 3 (2009): African Music: Journal of the International Library of African Music


From Master Gardener Julie Moore & the Wash. State Lake Protection Assoc.
Bulkheads are not the best or only way to prevent erosion and can create dangerous drop offs, especially to children and the elderly. They also interrupt natural shoreline vegetation and nutrient flow.
Planting and maintaining natural/native vegetation instead of constructing a bulkhead will control soil erosion and run-off, provide a more gradual transition from yard to lake, help beautify your lake and enhance wildlife habitat.
Wide-spread use of lawn and garden fertilizers on shoreline properties can cause nutrients to build up in the water. Rain and watering can wash fertilizers out of your yard and garden and into the lake. Fertilizer buildup in the water results in rapid aquatic plant growth and algal blooms, which hamper swimming and boating activities and kill fish. Careless discarding of lawn clippings and yard debris near the lake will also cause excess nutrients to pollute the water.
Leave some native vegetation along your shoreline. If native vegetation is gone, reduce the size of your lawn by replanting native species. Native plants require fewer pesticides and fertilizers and, once established, need less water than exotic, ornamental varieties. Create bigger areas with native plants to act as a natural filter system, trapping nutrients from storm water run-off before they enter the lake. Dispose of lawn clippings and yard debris or start compost piles well away from the lake.
Pesticides and herbicides commonly used around homes and gardens can cause serious damage to fish, wildlife and people when they get in the lake water. They may be blown directly into the lake when applied on a windy day or washed off plants and soil by rain or watering. Improper storage and disposal of these chemicals can also pollute the lake.
Always read the labels carefully regarding use and container disposal, and avoid using pesticides and herbicides whenever possible, especially on windy days. Use pesticides only when you actually see a pest.
Replace the portion of the lawn next to the lake with a six to eight foot wide bugger zone of low growing plants. Consider placing a path through the buffer zone for access to a dock or gravel beach. Many plants are suitable for this area of wet soil.
In a future article I'll talk about designing and specific plants for your buffer garden.
I previously wrote about common problems with shoreline landscapes and introduced the concept and benefit of creating a "buffer zone" between your yard and the lake to correct those problems. In this edition we'll look at what makes up a buffer zone.
Stream side: From the water to the top of the bank. It protects the bank and offers habitat. The best buffer has mature forest but large shrubs may be a better choice where trees have collapsed a bank. Let it grow and let it go for the best protection.
Middle zone: From the top of the bank inland. It protects stream water quality and offers habitat. The area can vary in width, depending on the slope and use of nearby land. The best buffer has trees, shrubs, and perennial ground plants. Portions can be cleared for water access.
Outer zone: The yard, garden, or woods between your home and the rest of the buffer. This area traps sediment. Play areas, gardens, compost piles, and other common residential activities occur here.
To begin your buffer, spend some time outside during a heavy rainstorm, watching to see where the water goes. Your buffer will do the best job of filtering runoff when the water spreads out and does not flow straight to the lake in a channel. Re-grade, or use stones or landscape timbers to divert runoff into flatter areas where it can soak in.
Avoid planting a lawn to the water's edge. Lawns have no habitat values (except for mice).
When you begin planning a buffer zone you can be as simple or as creative as you wish. A topic to consider in the early phase is what kind of plants you want. Plants can consist of trees, shrubs, herbs, blooming plants, perennials, annuals, plants that need lots of water, plants that require very little water, grasses or sedges, ferns, or even vines. Some web sites that provide very comprehensive lists of plants for central Virginia are Virginia Department of Forestry, AEP, Smith Mountain Lake Association and Piedmont Virginia Native Plant Database. Many of these lists/charts will give you information regarding sun and water requirements, deer resistance, specific growth zones, as well as plant characteristics such as growth habit/shape, bloom time, height and spread.


In the Netherlands collective liability (or: collective responsibilities) often refers to the joint and several liability of directors for the joint (mis)management of the company.
Collective liability means that a director of a Dutch limited company is not only liable for his own acts within the board, but also for the acts of the other board members. An act of one is seen as an act of the whole board.


This unique blush leather strap watch from Kate Spade's Novel collection features a yellow gold tone case with a pale gold dial with three hand movement and French Bulldog design dial. A perfect finish to any look. It's water resistant to 30 meters.


Rachel is a Senior Project Manager at itslearning and has over 20 years of experience as both a teacher and a district administrator. She has provided training and professional development for the use of top instructional technologies. Her pedagogical knowledge combined with her passion for curriculum and technology allows her to motivate, excite, and inform educators.
Andrea has recently joined the itslearning family as a Service Consultant and Project Manager. She acts as a consultant for districts implementing itslearning, focusing on raising customer satisfaction and expanding the use of the platform to all stakeholders.