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- Random House Audio -
Shadow Courts
Written By: Haley Sweetland Edwards
Read By: Thérèse Plummer
-9780593215555 -
*Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price. See retailer for details.
The Tribunals that Rule Global Trade
3 Hours and 19 Minutes	Imprint: Random House Audio Genre: Business & Economics - Business Law Release Date: March 03, 2020
A behind-the-scenes look at the powerful courts that decide when international trade is legal or not. Does their rise mark a huge boon for corporations to challenge the power of sovereign nation-states?
International trade deals have become vastly complex documents, seeking to govern everything from labor rights to environmental protections. This evolution has drawn alarm from American voters, but their suspicions are often vague.
In this book, investigative journalist Haley Sweetland Edwards offers a detailed look at one little-known but powerful provision in most modern trade agreements that is designed to protect the financial interests of global corporations against the governments of sovereign states. She makes a devastating case that Investor-State Dispute Settlement -- a "shadow court" that allows corporations to sue a nation outside its own court system -- has tilted the balance of power on the global stage. A corporation can use ISDS to challenge a nation's policies and regulations, if it believes those laws are unfair or diminish its future profits. From the 1960s to 2000, corporations brought fewer than 40 disputes, but in the last fifteen years, they have brought nearly 650 -- 54 against Argentina alone.
Edwards conducted extensive research and interviewed dozens of policymakers, activists, and government officials in Argentina, Canada, Bolivia, Ecuador, the European Union, and in the Obama administration. The result is a major story about a significant shift in the global balance of power.
Business & Economics - Business LawPolitical Science - International Relations - Trade & TariffsBusiness & Economics - Exports & Imports
HE Haley Sweetland Edwards
More About The Narrator
TP Thérèse Plummer


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I deliberately forgot my notebook this year. Just took three weeks off to celebrate 15th Independence Day with the people of Eritrea from May 19 up to May 24, visit friends and the festival of Mariam Dearit in Keren from May 26 up to May 31. To be back in time to celebrate the wedding of my sister in law, Gorzit on June 3 and 4.
Best memories of May 19: My visit to Isak T. of the Eritrean National Chamber of Commerce, who got me invitations for the evening ceremonies at Bahti Meskerem Square on May 19 and May 20, and an invitation for the May 24 event in Asmara Stadium, for one of the seats for the honored guests.
I visited the cathedral, its school and the monastery. I climbed the bell tower. Watched the small exhibition of students art at the Ministry of Education. Followed the advice of Doris Wagner to see the cozy Concord Pension with its beautiful court yard.
Confirmed my Eritrean Airlines flight to Amsterdam, got my Foreigners Permit to Travel, Nakfa's, agenda updates, many handshakes and kisses of friends and family.
And a show of Eritrean singers, dancers and drama at the Bahti Meskerem Square from 19:00 up to 22:00 in the evening. Touching simplicity, and heart-warming cultural shows.
Catholic Cathedral Asmara Eritrea - Monastery garden.
Catholic Cathedral Asmara Eritrea - Catholic elementary school.
Catholic Cathedral Asmara Eritrea - view from the bell tower.
Harnet Avenue Asmara Eritrea - offices, shops and apartments.
Picture at an exhibiton - Ministry of Education Asmara Eritrea.
Painted by Habtom Uaizghi (2006).
Courtyard of Concord Pension (behind Cinema Impero) - Asmara Eritrea.
Bahti Meskerem Square Asmara Eritrea.
Singers at the evening show - Bahti Meskerem Square Asmara Eritrea.


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Home Academic Analysis In 2021 #MeToo finally made it to #Auspol – what happens next?
In 2021 #MeToo finally made it to #Auspol – what happens next?
Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Blair Williams, Research Fellow, Global Institute for Women's Leadership (GIWL), Australian National University
It has been a momentous year in Australia as the #MeToo movement made its way across the globe and into Australian federal politics.
After years of silence and rumours, federal parliament was forced to grapple with its "man problem".
It feels like we have seen history being made, but will 2021 result in permanent change?
2021: a momentous year
Grace Tame, a survivor of child sexual assault, set the tone for 2021 when she was named Australian of the Year in January for her role in raising public awareness about the impacts of sexual violence. A few weeks later, inspired by Tame, former Liberal staffer Brittany Higgins said she was raped by a colleague in a ministerial office in March 2019 (the man accused denies any sexual activity took place).
Grace Tame adressed the National Press Club in March.
Mick Tsikas/AAP
Higgins' bravery was followed by other accusations. Within the the space of a month, former Attorney-General Christian Porter was accused of raping a 16-year-old girl in 1988 (a claim he strenuously denies) and Liberal MP Andrew Laming of harassing women (a claim he also denies). Video also surfaced of staffers masturbating on the desks of women MPs.
The government's initial response was not encouraging. In fact, Higgins said she was distressed by Morrison's "continued victim-blaming rhetoric".
On March 15, more than 100,000 Australians participated in the March4Justice rallies to protest sexual assault and harassment in politics, while calling for an end to gendered violence. As an organiser of the Canberra contingent, I witnessed palpable anger but saw hope in the overwhelming desire for change.
But the public anger and ensuring debate had its faults. As Indigenous Studies Professor Bronwyn Carlson has rightly observed, "there is a noticeable silence in Australia when victims of violence are Indigenous".
Not just parliament
Elite private schools also came under fire for what is known as the "misogyny pipeline" – whereby privileged boys follow a trajectory from expensive single-sex private schools to elite universities and then powerful professions, where they circulate with each other and reinforce their values.
Could the Morrison government's response to sexual assault claims cost it the next election?
In February, former private school student Chanel Contos spearheaded a petition demanding sexual consent education in Australian schools, inspiring over 5,000 victim-survivors to anonymously share stories of teenage sexual assault.
A common thread in these events is the abuse of power and entitlement in the hands of elite white men.
A fundamental shift?
Given all these shocking revelations and sustained public attention and debate, has there been a fundamental shift in the way we talk about gender, inequality, and sexual violence?
Parliament – especially under the Coalition – has certainly faced a reckoning this year, but it is very hard to argue there has been concrete change as a result (yet).
The Morrison government held a national summit on violence against women in September.
Prime Minister Scott Morrison claims to take these issues seriously, yet he has made some serious blunders, from begrudgingly empathising with Higgins only after his wife convinced him to "think about [it] as a father first", to responding to the March4Justice protests by stating protesters should be grateful they weren't "met with bullets".
Even during his address at the Women's Safety Summit, he came under fire for retelling survivors' private disclosures of sexual assault. This was criticised as looking like an attempt to seem genuine, by using other people's trauma.
Parliament's big opportunity
Morrison has created new ministerial positions, such as Women's Safety Minister and Women's Economic Security Minister. He has also launched multiple inquiries into parliamentary work culture, including the recently released review by Sex Discrimination Commissioner, Kate Jenkins.
The Set the Standard report was handed down at the end of November. It revealed that one in two of those currently working in parliament have experienced bullying, sexual harassment, or sexual assault.
The report contains 28 independent, expert recommendations to improve the culture at parliament and make it safe and healthy for those who work there. This includes targets to increase gender balance among parliamentarians, a new office of parliament staffing and culture and a code of conduct for parliamentarians and their staff.
The Jenkins review has 28 recommendations to fix parliament's toxic culture – will our leaders listen?
But it remains to be seen if they will be implemented. Jenkins' previous report on sexual harassment, Respect@Work, was ignored for more than a year after its release, before the Morrison government announced it would only agree to half the recommendations.
What's in store for 2022?
The fundamental shift has occurred outside parliament. People in power are not controlling the agenda or the public attitude when it comes to gender equality and violence against women. Higgins and Tame, along with many women journalists, activists, and advocates, are now shaping public conversation and have inspired people across Australia to push for change.
As in our efforts to combat climate change, we are moving on, whether the government is with us or not.
More protests are expected ahead of the federal election.
So, what's in store for 2022? The organisers of the March4Justice protests have announced first anniversary marches on February 27 to put further pressure on this government in the lead-up to the federal election. If the government fails to implement recommendations from Set the Standard, expect this to be an election flashpoint.
However, identifying and acknowledging the problem is just the first step, and one that is still currently very much in progress as more allegations come to light.
The next stage is to create a more inclusive, diverse, and respectful workplace for everyone at parliament house – this will flow on to the laws that are made and the policy responses provided.
Making this happen is not easy, but it's not a mystery either. Implementing every single recommendation from the Set the Standards report is the obvious place to start.
If you or someone you know is impacted by sexual assault, family or domestic violence, call 1800RESPECT on 1800 737 732 or visit www.1800RESPECT.org.au. In an emergency, call 000. International helplines can be found via www.befrienders.org.
Blair Williams does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
– ref. In 2021 #MeToo finally made it to #Auspol – what happens next? – https://theconversation.com/in-2021-metoo-finally-made-it-to-auspol-what-happens-next-173153
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The 1994 winners of the Torneo di Viareggio (in English, the Viareggio Tournament, officially the Viareggio Cup World Football Tournament Coppa Carnevale), the annual youth football tournament held in Viareggio, Tuscany, are listed below.

Format
The 24 teams are seeded in 6 groups. Each team from a group meets the others in a single tie. The winning club and runners-up from each group progress to the second round. In the second round teams are split up in two groups and meet in a single tie (with penalties after regular time). Winners progress to the final knockout stage, along with the best losing team from each group. The final round matches include 30 minutes extra time and penalties to be played if the draw between teams still holds. The semifinals winning teams play the final with extra time and repeat the match if the draw holds.

Participating teams
Italian teams

  Atalanta
  Bari
  Cagliari
  Cosenza
  Fiorentina
  Inter Milan
  Juventus
  Lazio
  Milan
  Monza
  Napoli
  Palermo
  Parma
  Reggiana
  Roma
  Sambenedettese
  Torino
  Verona

European teams
  Werder Bremen
American teams

  USA Soccer
  Pumas
  Flamengo

Asian teams

  Indonesia
  Yomiuri

Group stage

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3

Group 4

Group 5

Group 6

Second round

Knockout stage

Champions

Footnotes

External links
 Official Site (Italian)
 Results on RSSSF.com

1993
1994–95 in Italian football
1994–95 in German football
1994–95 in Mexican football
1994–95 in Indonesian football
1994 in Japanese football
1994 in Brazilian football
1994 in American soccer

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sales of products by CPG International LLC dba The AZEK® Company LLC, including its affiliates AZEK Building Products, Scranton Products, Inc., Vycom Corp., WES, LLC and Versatex Holdings (collectively hereinafter "Company") to the customer receiving these Terms and Conditions of Sale ("Customer") are governed by these Terms and Conditions of Sale (the "Terms and Conditions"). Any written quotation from Company, current Company price list, and these Terms and Conditions shall constitute the entire agreement between Company and Customer, unless Company and Customer have executed a written agreement which includes additional and/or different terms, in which case such written agreement executed by the parties shall prevail over these terms. COMPANY'S ACCEPTANCE OF CUSTOMER'S OFFER TO PURCHASE PRODUCTS OR SERVICES IS EXPRESSLY CONDITIONED ON CUSTOMER'S ASSENT TO THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS. If these Terms and CondFitions are construed as an offer, acceptance hereof is EXPRESSLY LIMITED TO THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS CONTAINED HEREIN. In any event, Customer's acceptance of the products shall manifest Customer's assent to these Terms and Conditions. These Terms and Conditions may not be waived, amended, or modified except by a written instrument signed by both Customer and Company. The word "products" as used herein shall mean all goods sold by Company to Customer.


Find a chair - it's time to jump into the New Year!
Find a chair - it's time to jump into the New Year!
Christmas has been and gone (I hope you enjoyed my 24-day-long Danish Christmas Advent Calendar?) and I'm getting as much sleep as I can right now. Because celebrating Nytår (New Year) in Denmark is serious business. While Christmas is spent with family, New Year's Eve is normally spent with friends - usually at someone's house.
And it's also the cue for the others (read "women"!) to go into the kitchen, finish prepping the yummy food, and get the starter on the table. Then the menfolk/kids come back in, everyone eats, the menfolk/kids go out and launch a few more fireworks, the women clear up and prepare the next course and repeat, repeat, REPEAT!!!
And then it's time for everyone to muffle up, pile outside (safety glasses on, champagne in hand) for the Grand Finale of fireworks. Which round our parts usually lasts over 30 minutes. But you will hear fireworks going off the whole night, into the wee small hours of the morning... And again the next day!
All that's left for me to do is to say Godt Nytår! Happy New Year! Thanks for following the blog and look forward to seeing you all again in 2014!
Godt Nytår, Diane, thank you for sharing your Danish ways with all of us.
I wonder if Danes include all that fireworks smoke in their annual and vainglorious national carbon footprint statistics?
When one considers the very many fireworks injuries, tragic home fires, and other destructive and costly mayhem (aka hærverk) that routinely and customarily occurs during Danish New Years eve celebrations, it becomes increasing hard to label Denmark a wholly "intelligent" society.
Imagine the results and consequences if the sort of unregulated and dangerous fireworks (chrysanthemum bombs, large rockets, etc) which are publicly sold in DK were unleashed in other major urban centers of the world, not least in the USA . . .
The hideous and wasteful expense of Danish fireworks(thousands of kroner for "family" packaged sets) is alone enough to deprive these "civilized" vikinger of much respect.
Thanks, Linda - hope you have a great 2014 too!
And Godt Nytår to you too, Bill.


Modern House Design In The Philippines 2016 - the continued mum or dad of a specialist can make all of the difference. whether your domestic gives 10 bedrooms, or your condo is certainly 800 rectangular foot, it is able to be problematic to make a cohesive look it is consultant of your appear. Which the place a place interior designer will come in. A house decorator will help distill your preferences and ideas exact right into a style that matches the requirements from the space. Regardless Of Whether you will need assist developing an operating house application, purchasing present parts, creating the within of a contemporary responsibility, or sourcing amazing pups furniture and decor just, searching for the purported to of expert inner decorators and designers in Philippines is essential.


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Q: Mass email - cron job in my project, i need to send emails to the registered members of the site once every month. For this, i have setup a cron job on cpanel and it is working fine.
Whats my doubt is that, tomorrow the number of users in the site will increase and there would be thousands of users. Then does the cron job work as usual ?
I want to know, whether the cron can handle the task of sending emails to thousands of users at a time.
Please help.

A: If you are sending messages out to multiple thousands of users on a regular basis a cron job technically should be able to do it, but is it right for you and your users?
A mailing list manager app (e.g. MailMan) might be more appropriate.  It may be configured to send the messages in a way that is less likely to fall foul of spam filters, will help you manage who gets sent the messages, and should allow recipients to opt out.  You can still set up a cron job to trigger the sending of the message on a scheduled basis - I believe that is a more sustainable way of sending bulk messages.

A: I had exactly this problem and so I create The Fat Controller to solve it.   The Fat Controller is basically a daemon written in C that can periodically run other programs, for example your script to send the next x emails.
The trick is that it can run many instances of a script at once.
I wrote about this particular use case:   http://www.4pmp.com/fatcontroller/use-cases/

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Love this magnet that my friend gave me, and it's apropos for today, for sure.
I've now worked the Transitions Championship three years in a row now. The one event that scares me the most are our two Youth Days, where we invite a couple thousand kids to spend the day with us, learning the value of healthy sight, through interactive games and clinics.
It scares me, mostly because of Big Al the alligator who lives in a couple of water features on the Copperhead Course at Innisbrook - I'm just afraid that one of the kids will get loose and you know, get eaten by Big Al. No. Seriously.
On the other hand, by the end of the long visits - we've now done five - Youth Days also become the most gratifying for me. Comforting the lost child who's scared her class would leave without her. Hearing kids run around screaming odd facts about eyeballs. Watching kids having a blast - even as they accost our giant eyeballs.
I love seeing the long lines of kids at Bess the Book Bus, run by Jennifer Francis - a woman who chucked it all to start a mobile outreach literacy program for underserved communities, schools and libraries. Corporate sponsors give her the opportunity to ride around in her book bus, stopping to visit, read to the kids and give out one book per child.
It's absolutely my favorite part of Youth Days, watching the kids slowly walk away from the bus, distracted because they're thumbing through their new book, not being able to wait to read it. Mind you, it means they're looking down and not noticing a golf cart barreling right for them, but hey, that's why we have our traffic folks. Heh.
Youth Days are exhausting, and I'm always pleased to hear "the last bus has left and everyone's accounted for," but it's definitely a great day - for the kids, and for us.
Little girl: "You haaaaaaave to!"
Giant guy chaperone: "I caaaaan't. It's physically impossible."
Little girl: "But you haaaaaaaave to!"
Giant guy chaperone: "I caaaaaan't."
Little girl, stomping feet: "No! Get! Midget-sized! Nowwwwww!"


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https://sixerswire.usatoday.com/2019/01/07/sixers-joel-embiid-named-eastern-conference-player-of-the-week-philadelphia-76ers/
Joel Embiid named Eastern Conference Player of the Week
[jwplayer L0F8MmWT-z6KDnl0B]
Josh Naso
January 7, 2019 3:59 pm ET
Philadelphia 76ers' center Joel Embiid has been named the Eastern Conference Player of the Week.
Embiid named #nba Eastern Conference Player of the Week.
— Michael K-B (@therealmikekb) January 7, 2019
Embiid earned the honor after averaging 31.7 points and 16.3 rebounds. The Kansas product extended his streak of games with at least twenty points and ten rebounds to seven.
The big man recorded his 34th double-double, the most in the league, while also chipping in 3.3 assists, 2.0 blocks, and 1.7 steals per game.
It came at a crucial time because the team was short-handed last week. They were missing Jimmy Butler and Wilson Chandler (both out with upper respiratory infections) for two of their three games. Embiid led the team to a 3-0 record in the process.
It's some much-deserved recognition for Embiid as he continues to put together an MVP-caliber season. This is the fourth time Embiid has earned the honor in his career, and the first this season.
Joel Embiid, Ben Simmons, Jimmy Butler in All-Star mix as first returns released


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Domus names Steven Holl and Toshiko Mori Guest Editors
GSAPP News
Domus Magazine has named GSAPP Professor Steven Holl and Toshiko Mori, both founders of New York City-based eponymous firms, Guest Editors for the 2023 edition of the Domus 10x10x10 project. Holl is tenured Professor of Architecture who has taught at Columbia GSAPP since 1981. Mori, who is the Robert P. Hubbard Professor in the Practice of Architecture at Harvard Graduate School of Design, recently lectured at GSAPP during the Fall 2020 semester as part of the Dean's public programming series. Starting in 2018 with the Italian architect Michele De Lucchi, this editorial initiative engages 10 architects to guest edit 10 issues each over a 10 year period leading up to the magazine's 100th anniversary. The joint directorship of Holl and Mori—the first since founding architect Gio Ponti and editor Gianni Mazzocchi were at the helm in 1928—is a response to what Domus editorial director Walter Mariotti explained as a need for a paradigm shift following the pandemic and ongoing political, economic, social, and climate crises across the world.
"The idea of a dialogue between two extremely different and in some ways opposite architects who would join together in the prestige of Domus to draft a Manifesto 2023, engaging in a debate that is still the basis of creativity. We wanted to try a kind of collective intelligence – in order to engage ourselves and our audience – of readers and stakeholders in a historical moment in which the challenges of reality are becoming more and more pressing and enigmatic," said Mariotti.
The first issue guest edited by Steven Holl and Toshiko Mori, titled "The Oceanic," will be available in January. The December issue currently on newsstands includes a monograph supplement on Holl and Mori prefaced by a manifesto outlining their editorial vision. Titled "Blurred Boundaries," the manifesto underlines the interconnectedness of architecture, art, and design and promotes open dialogue to introduce "reflective and refractive perspectives."
"While having different interests, we share knowledge and beliefs, but at the same time the intention to collectively question and improve the situation of architecture in our time. We want our dialogue to distance itself from extreme polarization and instead aim at shaping a community capable of fostering an informed and nuanced exchange of ideas," said Holl and Mori.
The intertwining of architecture and art is a constant thread in the studios and seminars led by Professor Steven Holl at Columbia GSAPP. During the Fall 2022 semester, Steven Holl and Dimitra Tsachrelia are leading the design seminar "Architecture Apropos Art" which analyzes relationships between historic and 21st-century examples of architecture and art. The advanced architecture studios led by Steven Holl and Dimitra Tsachrelia in previous semesters have focused on the cross‐fertilization of music, painting, sculpture, and architecture in exhibitions halls, concert venues, and astronomical observatories.
"Two Domus guest editors in 2023, a turning point year," Domus Magazine
Steven Holl Faculty Page
"Observations," a lecture by Toshiko Mori at Columbia GSAPP on November 30, 2020


The number of students enrolled in college in the United States has been dropping since 2010. In 2014, it was reported that there were over 800,000 fewer students on campuses across the United States than in 2010 when enrollment level peaked at 21 million. While many say that historically this is a sign of economic improvement – when more jobs become available, Americans tend to go to work instead of school – there is a broad and ominous perspective not taken into account.
Workers with a college degree tend to make at least twice as more as workers without one. While in the short term the decision to go to work instead of going to school makes sense – start earning money instead of going into the massive amount of debt today's American college students face – this decision often leads to dead-end jobs and lower income potential over the span of one's life.
This ticket comes with a larger and larger price tag.
However, community college and for-profit college enrollment rates are dropping the fastest out of all of them. While for-profit colleges tend to be more expensive, community colleges offer an opportunity for affordable college that doesn't require SAT scores to enroll. Many community colleges even work with local universities so students can save money by completing their first two years of a bachelor's degree at a community college before transferring to a university to finish the bachelor's degree. Prospective students are even forgoing affordable college options to work full time because there are jobs available and even affordable college in the United States can still cost too much.
The economy is improving and more jobs are available now. People are going back to work. When the economy is bad, people choose to take on debt and go to school for Associates, Bachelor's and even Master's and higher degrees. However, when people choose work over school in times when jobs are plentiful, the middle class erodes and economic health and sustainability collapses and everyone goes back to school again.
At the same time, taking advantage of a favorable job market is not something you want to miss out on, especially after years of recession. What is the solution?
Earn a degree now. In fact, you may have already earned a degree by now from the education and work experience you have already accomplished. You don't have to forgo work opportunities presenting themselves now to miss out on future earning potential. Visit us at thecareerpeople.com to learn more.


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CRIME CYMRU ABROAD #5: SERBIA WITH CAL SMYTH
Cal Smyth talks about the extraordinary true-life events he experienced that inspired his series of Serbia-set crime thrillers.
I wanted to write a crime series set in Belgrade for a long time as it's a fascinating city and perfect for Balkan Noir. I've also loved two Serbian women, my son is half Serbian and I lived in Belgrade in the 90s. At that time, Belgrade was a crazy place. The Yugoslav War was over, the West had imposed sanctions and inflation was off the scale. The only economy which worked was the black-market and in this climate, crime thrived.
There's a Serbian documentary from the 90s called See You in the Obituary, which simply interviewed criminals to get their thoughts. By the time the documentary had finished being made, most of the interviewees had been killed. One of the journalists behind the documentary became a monk and went to live in a secluded monastery while one of the few surviving criminals went on to become a reality TV star.
One of Serbia's most famous criminals was Arkan, who gained world renown with his military unit Arkan's Tigers. There's an iconic photo of him holding a tiger cub, which was taken by an American photographer. When the same photographer published a photo of Arkan's men killing civilians, Arkan reportedly said if he ever got hold of the photographer, he would drink his blood. But for many Serbians, Arkan was a national hero, standing up against the West. He was also married to Serbia's most famous pop star, Ceca. For five years, they were Belgrade's glamour couple. Until Arkan was assassinated in 2000.
Belgrade has cleaned up a lot of crime since then. After the Prime Minister Zoran Đinđic was assassinated in 2003, Operation Sabre cracked down on the Zemun Clan. And in recent years, the Balkan Warriors operation brought down the cocaine cartel. For the first novel in my series, The Balkan Route, I wanted to capture the essence of Belgrade in a present-day investigation affected by past events: As criminals, politicians and police battle over the Balkan drug route, Inspector Despotović must fight corruption to keep his family alive.
At the same time as I was starting to write The Balkan Route, I met The Woman with a Bullet in her Leg. She was studying linguistics in the UK for a semester as a mature student and we met in a park in Swansea where our sons were playing. We fell in love and she told me her story: as a young woman in Belgrade in the 90s, she'd been the girlfriend of a drug dealer which ended with a police car chase and her getting shot in the leg. When doctors operated, they couldn't remove the bullet. Needing to get out of the life, she moved to Austria where she got married and had a son.
Not long after meeting each other, I was awarded a Literature Wales Writers' Research Bursary. I wanted to use this bursary to interview a police inspector in Belgrade. Through a friend of mine, an author and publisher in Belgrade, a clandestine meeting was arranged with a young police inspector. Me and my girlfriend-cum-research assistant flew over to Belgrade, staying with her family, who in typical Serbian fashion fed me until I couldn't eat any more. The next day, after more food and drink with my friend, we met the police inspector in a café. At first, he was understandably reluctant to talk. But with my friend and girlfriend acting as translators, he opened up, telling me about the Balkan drug route, corruption and recent arrests.
The Balkan drug route starts in Afghanistan, where poppies are cultivated into heroin, is transported through the Balkans and finishes in western European countries such as Germany and the UK. The Balkans are the transit route. It's the West which consumes. One thing I was really pleased to find out was that heroin is sometimes transported in ajvar. Ajvar is a Serbian relish made from red peppers, one of the most delicious things in the world. I'd imagined heroin was hidden in jars of ajvar and it turned out to be true.
The Balkan Route takes its title from the drug route but it is also a love letter to Belgrade and is dedicated to the city, a European capital which is full of culture and history. The novel has been described as 'a milieu to die for' and 'like the Balkans itself: there is action, there is passion, there is love and corruption'.
Next in my series is The Clan (due to be published in 2020), a mafia biopic that chronicles the rise and crackdown of Serbian criminal clans, but is also a homage to journalists who strived to expose corruption and ended up assassinated as well as the police who fought corruption to eventually bring down The Zemun Clan. And I'm currently writing Balkan Warriors, a fictionalised account of the police operation that brought down the cocaine cartel.
As a British crime writer who has lived in Serbia, I think the region's past turmoil is ripe for crime fiction. Within the last few years, several crime writers from the Balkans have had novels published and crime fiction from the region is gaining international recognition. In 2015, Akashic published Zagreb Noir (including crime stories by Andrea Žigić-Dolenec, Robert Perišić & Mima Simić) and plans to publish Belgrade Noir in 2019 (featuring the writers Verica Vincent Kol, Marko Popović & Đorđe Bajić). The anthology BalkaNoir was recently published, featuring crime writers from several Balkan countries (including Renato Bratković from Slovenia, Bogdan Hrib from Romania and Vasilis Danellis from Greece). As Serbian writer Verica Vincent Kol has written, the publication of novels like The Balkan Route is the 'beginning of a great new trend in crime fiction'.
In a case of real-life replicating crime fiction, as The Balkan Route was being published, my then girlfriend was back in Austria and letting the past back into her life. This was heart-breaking for both of us. But it is one thing to write about crime and another to be involved with it. A few months later, I got a call from a lawyer in Austria. My former researcher and girlfriend was in prison and I was being asked to help get her out.
This was a crazy story involving tapped phone calls, a prostitute in witness protection and several kilos of cocaine. Out of love, I went over to Austria and helped get her out of prison. Without giving any more of the story away, I fictionalised this as a real-life thriller, a tragic drama and a doomed romance…
The Woman with a Bullet in her Leg is published by Fahrenheit Press in Autumn 2019.
Read more about Cal Smyth
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Finding directions using the night sky is a valuable skill if you ever become disoriented long enough that you are stuck outside somewhere during the night. It could mean the difference between finding your way back to your camp/vehicle/etc. and becoming increasingly more lost.
Finding the North Star is fairly simple. First, locate the Big Dipper. This is the constellation that looks like a big soup ladle made of 7 stars. If you extend the line created by the last two stars on the cup, the first bright star that line hits is the North Star. The North Star also happens to be the star at the end of the handle of the Little Dipper constellation.
Draw an imaginary line straight down from the North Star, and that is north.
Now try it in this picture. In this one you can actually see most of the Little Dipper as well.
Once sweet husband was out on a hike doing some black bear research with a small group of other college students. They had driven in a truck, then rode snowmobiles, then hiked down into a canyon. In the process of finding the bear den, they hiked all over the hills and canyons for a good part of the day. By the time they were done, it was starting to get dark and they decided it would be faster from where they had ended up to hike to their truck instead of back to the snowmobiles. They hiked and hiked in the dark and couldn't figure out why they weren't finding the truck. The leader guy said he knew the truck was parked north of where they had ended their hike. Well, he thought he was leading the group north, but when they checked the stars they had actually been heading south, away from their truck. It didn't take long after they turned around and hiked in the right direction before they got back to their truck and were on the road back to a nice warm cabin. Thanks, North Star.
In the southern hemisphere, you'll be finding south, not north, and things aren't quite so simple. There isn't a bright star at the southern celestial pole, so other markers are needed to find your direction. The most commonly used constellation is the Southern Cross and related Pointer Stars.
The Southern Cross rotates around the south celestial pole. There are a couple of ways to use it to find south. One way is to extend the line made by the long axis of the cross 4 1/2 times the length of the cross. The end of that line marks near the south celestial pole.
Another way to find this point is to use the pointer stars. Extend the cross line as you did before. Now draw an imaginary line between the pointer stars, then at the half way point of that line start another imaginary line perpendicular to your first line. The point where this perpendicular line intersects the line created by extending the cross is also near the south celestial pole. These aren't exactly south–they're off by 5-6 degrees, but if you just need to head in one direction, it's definitely better than not knowing which way you're headed at all.
Now don't get lost out there! Finding directions using the stars is another requirement for LDS Girls Camp. Find more requirements here.
I wonder how many of those girls remember this. I certainly relearned something tonight. With my mind lately, I would have to take notes. And, I am terrified of woods in the dark, EVEN if I am in a car.
These are good techniques to learn. You need to go outside and try this several times so that you get it fixed in your mind.
Very true, especially since the locator constellations rotate around the pole, so they may be in different locations in the sky than the pictures show.


Before Reading: Please forget about Implosion, Forget TKC, Forget any warlcok spells, just let's focus on warlock pets. Hi everybody. While i was playing demonology i've found that all warlock's pets are dealing way low damage. I've seen plenty pvp videos from retail(arena, bg, duels, world pvp, etc.) you can see in all of them that pets can easily drop 25%-50% of enemies hp (depending of how skilled your are and your enemy), however, here, at sylvanas realm, pets barely do important pve/pvp damage , most of damage come from TKC (it's ok but, it's a high 45secs CD). While TKC is recharging our damage is so poor (even spamming Doom on everybody) even summoning Doomguard, darkglare, bunch of imps, improved Dreadstalkers and GoService Felguard at once our damage is very poor, it should be higher. What do I post this? Because: I couldn't find any pet scalling template for legion, Even knowing that "Summon Darkglare" should deal 110% SP everytime it cast eye lasers, how to know how much SP Dark Glare must have? Same for other minnions. So I can't test and post the bugs at the bugtracker. I would be really grateful if any of you can provide any info about this issue. All demo warlocks will appreciate it. Thank you for reading.


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Family, Kids & Relationships
Childcare Without a Choice—How Families Are Handling Sitters and More When Staying Home Isn't an Option
By Ana Connery June 1, 2020
seabass creatives / Unsplash
Businesses are starting to reopen, and while that's good news for some who've been missing a paycheck during the COVID-19 pandemic, it's also making some already stressed parents even more anxious. Many have no choice but to go back to work, and in many cases that work can't be done at home. Other parents are called on to care for sick relatives, or are forced to stop socially distancing for other reasons out of their control. This leaves them with a major dilemma: What do we do with the kids?
With most childcare centers, schools, and camps closed for the foreseeable future (with a few exceptions), the answers are far from simple. Even where centers are re-opening, many families aren't comfortable sending their kids to daycare until more local signs show it's medically safe to do so. The situation is especially hard on single parents who can't even trade-off with a partner. And while some government programs provide unemployment benefits for those who no longer have access to childcare, not everyone qualifies—and getting two-thirds of their usual pay may not be enough to keep their families afloat.
In short, the pandemic has exposed America's unstructured childcare system, and parents are having no choice but to get creative about childcare.
Creating a co-op
If your family is close friends with another family or even a small group of families, you might consider a co-op. One mom told us on Facebook that she's part of a "quarantine cohort" that involves three families, each one taking turns watching the kids and overseeing homeschooling while the others work—while continuing to physically distance from those outside the group. "It's a bigger pool than single family quarantine," she explained, "but it helps when there is a bit of job distribution and maybe only one person being exposed to the general public for shopping etc."
The good news is that if anyone gets sick with COVID-19, it can easily be tracked and locked down. You may want to have everyone sign an agreement that says how much exposure is allowed outside the pod, and what to do if someone starts having symptoms or comes in contact with someone who's infected (more on that below).
Exploring new options
When their finances allow it, some parents are hiring someone to babysit and oversee distance learning while they go back to work, even if they've never had a "nanny" before. This can be either an hourly arrangement or a live-in situation—which requires a greater commitment (and having extra space in your home), but potentially reduces exposure to the virus since the caregiver basically becomes part of your family unit.
If the cost is too high, some families are creating a "nanny share," where two families split both the cost and the care. In those cases, "their bubble consists of 3 families (including the nanny's)," one mom explained. "It takes a lot of trust and communication and good will. But it can be done." Ok, sounds great—but who can you hire?
With so many teachers and childcare workers out of work, some families are reaching out to them for help. Teachers make ideal caregivers because they're so good at coming up with games and activities that keep kids engaged on the fly, not to mention how well trained they are when it comes to education.
College students who are also stuck at home are another popular option. If you can find one who's majoring in early childhood education or a related field, even better. In some cases, college students may even be available to move in temporarily, since universities are closed and some college students may not necessarily want to go back to living with their parents. For those who are good with kids, the idea of earning money while wrapping up their own distance learning and waiting things out is a better choice.
Of course your community might present some options, too. One mom told us she hired a neighbor to watch her kids for 20 hours per week while she went to work part-time, saying it wasn't ideal but was better than not working at all.
Turning to family
Grandparents are the go-to for many families when it comes to picking up the childcare slack, but since older generations are at higher risk for contracting Covid-19, many families have tried to avoid relying on them during the pandemic. However, when left with few other options, some are now moving in together after a period of quarantine. If a grandparent or relative can't move in, some families are doing the reverse and moving in with them temporarily, so they can have help in a pinch when they need it. Still worried about living with Grandma? Similar arrangements can be made with siblings, cousins, or other family members. This is especially helpful if you work odd hours or a night shift, which makes it even more difficult to find childcare.
How to make it as safe as possible
Whomever you hire or create a "pod" with, make sure you're clear about expectations related to social distancing and safety precautions in general. Decide in advance how much (if at all) you're comfortable with the caregiver interacting with others outside your family, and make sure they're ok with any restrictions. You may even want to discuss the possibility of regular testing for COVID-19 to be safe. They're becoming more accessible with each passing week and in the vast majority of cases, there's no fee attached.
Inceptive, a service offering expert-led, on-demand classes for parents, has these tips to offer for making your childcare situation as safe and smooth as possible:
Get a written agreement. This is especially true for paid arrangements, but can be useful even if you're just creating a "pod" with family or a close friend. Outline expectations, hours (including any flexibility either side might need), and other details of your arrangement so there are no misunderstandings later.
Establish your routine. Again, this helps ensure everyone's on the same page ahead of time. For example, are you requiring that everyone leaves their shoes and jacket at the door and follows a hand-washing protocol when entering the home? Establish that now to avoid confrontations as time goes on.
Communicate about life outside the home. Does everyone agree about wearing masks in the same situations? If your caregiver has a roommate or significant other, are they following social distancing guidelines in a way you're comfortable with? Will they be using public transportation? Bear in mind that you can't—nor should you—control every move a caregiver takes in their private lives. But knowing the answers to questions like these will help build trust, and keep everyone aligned on the level of exposure you're comfortable with.
Set clear boundaries. Determine in advance things like who prepares meals, what to do if you're working from home but your child asks for you, and what outdoor activities you are and aren't okay with during the day.
Whatever you decide to do, it's never been more apparent that it really does take a village to raise a child. Know you're not alone and don't be afraid to ask for help. You'd be surprised how many people are in the same boat and happy to do their part to help someone else right now.
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Jupiter Images / Canva Pro
Education Experts and CDC Announce What We'll Need To Re-Open Schools In the Fall
humanmade / Getty Images Pro
How to Get Help with Your Rent and Bills During the Pandemic


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message into the moderation queue, then approved it.
> Could you please provide some more details on the issue?
that such detail was on linux-distros.
render the attack not critical.
or black-holing proven malicious flows.
The CERT Vulnerability Note also talks about a related issue in FreeBSD.
the publication delay.  No one I saw said that they wanted the delay.
posting myself if it didn't happen for another day.
> About the same period, our secure e-mail provider suffered an unprecedented DDoS with some e-mail messages never reaching us.
> we consider legal action against the opaque Linux-distros vulnerability-disclosure-among-friends-for-fun-and-profit scheme, that we exposed at the ITU earlier this year. This is digital divide in the works, with real impact for non-club-members.
here.  But whoever brings legal action is definitely wrong.
I explained in a reply why we shouldn't).


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Alexandr Mihailovici Krimov (în ) (n. 23 octombrie 1871 – d. 31 august 1917) a fost unul dintre generalii Armatei Țariste Ruse din Primul Război Mondial.

A îndeplinit funcția de comandant al Corpul 3 Cavalerie rus în campania acestuia din România, având gradul de general-locotenent.

Note

Bibliografie
 Ioanițiu, Alexandru (lt.col.), Războiului României, 1916-1918, vol. I, Tipografia Geniului, București, 1929
  ***, ''România în războiul mondial 1916-1919, vol. I-IV, Monitorul Oficial și Imprimeriile Statului, București, 1934-1936

Vezi și
 Participarea României la Primul Război Mondial

Nașteri în 1871
Decese în 1917
Generali ruși
Comandanți ruși pe frontul românesc (1916-1918)
Cioturi din proiectul România în Primul Război Mondial


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Assessing the drivers of change for cross-border supply chains (CORE1205)
November 22, 2016 /0 Comments/in Academic, All actors, All partners, All products, All transport modes, Analytic, Coordinated border management, CORE-Observatory, Customs risks, Data sharing, Demo-cluster, Global, IT, Risk management, Risk-cluster, Scanning, Scientific, Screening, Supply chain, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Theft, Tracking, Trade facilitation, WP1 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: This paper explores the main global change drivers and how they impact on international supply chain management in the next two decades. The Delhi method is adapted to structure communication, to produce well-grounded opinions and counter-arguments, and to find consensus among selected experts. The results highlight efficient networking and business-to-business and business-to-government collaboration as core supply chain management competences. The paper can be viewed here: http://www.emeraldinsight.com.
Full review: The study aims at identifying the main change drivers that make companies to prioritize specific indicators and metrics in order to manage their operations. The experts concluded to the following eight key drivers: internet and e-commerce, new technologies for managing movements of goods and materials, versatility of customer demands, continuing chase after low cost labor in manufacturing, tighter security regulations, emerging role of ethics in corporate decision-making, increasing security and environmental concerns, and fluctuation of energy prices. Delivery performance and perfect order fulfillment will be the most important supply chain management indicators and metrics in the future. Customers will demand more tailored products to meet their individual needs what forces companies to manage material flows with an increasing number of stock keeping units.
While companies are required to offer wide product portfolio, they are also expected to have tools to manage harmful events and risks in their supply chain network. Unforeseen threats such as natural disasters, epidemics and customs inspections must be considered when structuring supply chain networks and selecting partners in the future. Consequently, companies must share more supply chain risk related information between business and governmental actors almost in real-time. Automated data management with streamlined system interfaces between customs and companies will be the key for real time information sharing and networking. Current data exchange and compliance initiatives have already created a foundation for automation and faster flow of customs clearance documents. In addition, better relationship management between trade operators and customs are highlighted in the study.
The CORE concepts, technologies and services are very well aligned with findings in the study. Trusted trade lanes, system based approach and data pipelines reduce need for customs inspections at international borders. Visibility tools create an integrated solution to share information and collaborate between government agencies and privates supply chain stakeholders. Over 40 experts representing customs agencies, manufacturing companies, logistics operators, technology providers and insurance sector took part in the study. The study provides good arguments that help readers to sell supply chain security initiatives, technologies and services for both private and governmental operators.
Reference: Hameri, A.-P., & Hintsa, J. (2009). Assessing the drivers of change for cross-border supply chains. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 39(9), 741–761.
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-11-22 18:00:412016-11-22 18:00:41Assessing the drivers of change for cross-border supply chains (CORE1205)
Analytical method to identify the number of containers to inspect at U.S. ports to deter terrorist attacks (CORE1204)
November 11, 2016 /0 Comments/in Academic, All transport modes, Analytic, Coordinated border management, CORE-Observatory, Customs, Customs risks, Dangerous goods, Demo-cluster, Dual-use goods, Environmental agency, Global, High-taxed goods, Investigations, Organized crime groups, Phytosanitary agency, Police, Prohibited goods, Restricted goods, Risk management, Risk-cluster, Scanning, Scientific, Screening, Socio-economic impacts, Strategic goods, Supply chain, Supply chain security, Trafficking, WCO, WP1, WP3 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: The requirement for 100% container scanning has been a burning topic, since U.S. Department of Homeland Security issued the initiative in order to prevent terrorists from smuggling weapons of mass destructions into the U.S. The paper explores how much it is reasonable to come down from the 100% inspection rate, if deterrence and cost of retaliation are considered in the model. Deterrence means the power to dissuade an attacker from attempting to smuggle weapons as opposite to use coerce or compel. Retaliation cost describes the cost incurred by an attacker e.g. due to dismantling the attacker's network. It is assumed the defender discloses in advance how many containers are inspected. The paper can be viewed here: https://www.researchgate.net.
Full review: The study provides an economical model based on the game theory to estimate the optimal inspection rates in order to deter perpetrators from smuggling weapons into the U.S. The model assumes the customs or Border agency aims at minimizing the expected damages and cost of inspections while perpetrators are simultaneously trying to maximize their rewards. The used parameters are number of attackers, estimated damages, the cost of inspecting a container, the cost of a smuggling attempt, the cost of retaliation and the probability of detecting weapons. Retaliation cost describes the cost incurred e.g. due to dismantling the attacker's network. Cost of a smuggling attempt are the costs of acquiring, developing or manufacturing the weapons, and any logistical costs required to smuggle them into the U.S. It is assumed the government agency announces publicly the inspection level and set of retaliation policies. Retaliation policy must pose a credible threat that means the governmental agency would retaliate even if that were not economically justified.
The study has four main limitations. First, the paper does not describe under what conditions the model works well or poorly. The quality of strategic and tactical intelligence, the efficiency of criminal investigation and prosecution processes, the extent of inter-agency cooperation and information sharing, the degree of private sector involvement and successfulness of awareness campaigns on retaliation policies are probably factors that influence on the model and its parameters. Second, the study does not provide numerical estimates to the parameters such as detection rates and cost of retaliation. Third, it is very unlikely that weapons of mass destructions are transported in containers into the U.S., what makes it difficult to assess the usefulness of the model in real life cases. Forth, costs of retaliation are not calculated and published by law enforcement agencies, thus criminals cannot make decision based on financial risks.
Despite of these limitations the CORE project can adapt the game theory and benefit from the paper. Traditionally law enforcement agencies highlight the number of seizures, arrests and successful prosecutions to measure operations and their impacts. The presented model brings two interesting components, a cost of crime attempt and a cost of retaliation. If criminal activities are financed and managed based on the same principles like legal ones, expected losses due to seizures of illicit goods or drugs are very likely calculated in the criminal business models. Consequently, making criminal business unprofitable is key to stop criminal activities. The approach enables to model the dynamic between costs and rewards from viewpoints of both law enforcement and criminal actors. In the other words, the model makes possible to study two dimensions in the Innovation Agenda, societal costs and friction costs caused by implemented security measures.
Reference: Bier, Vicki M. & Haphuriwat, N. (2011). Analytical method to identify the number of containers to inspect at U.S. ports to deter terrorist attacks. Annals of Operations Research, 187(1), 137–158.
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-11-11 07:24:342016-11-11 07:24:34Analytical method to identify the number of containers to inspect at U.S. ports to deter terrorist attacks (CORE1204)
Estimating the Operational Impact of Container Inspections at International Ports (Bakshi et al. 2011)
June 30, 2016 /0 Comments/in Academic, CBRA, CORE-Observatory, Counter-terrorism, Customs, Demo-cluster, Global, Maritime, Optimization, Other-cluster, Resilience, Risk management, Scanning, Scientific, Screening, Sea port, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Trade facilitation, Trafficking, Transport security agency, USA, WP10, WP11, WP13, WP14, WP15, WP17, WP19 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
The US government is pushing a new 100 % screening regime for US-bound containers in foreign ports to mitigate the risk of weapons of mass destruction entering US soil. The 100 % regime, however, is a major concern for foreign port operators because the current Container Security Initiative (CSI) regime seems not to be scalable for high inspection rates. The paper of Bakshi et al. (2011) simulate impacts of two container inspection regimes (the CSI and a new one) in terms of port congestion, handling cost and dwell time. To carry out the simulation, the authors use discrete event queuing network simulation with real container movement data from two of the world's busiest container terminals. The analysis shows that cargo inspections many times disrupt optimized logistics processes at seaports. In particular, inspections extend the transportation leadtime because shipments lose time as they (i) are moved to an inspection site, (ii) queue for inspection to start, (iii) pass inspections themselves. Download the abstract here: http://pubsonline.informs.org.
Review by Toni Männistö (CBRA) based on his doctoral thesis.
This paper is highly relevant for CORE demonstrations that involve screening in seaports (WP10-11 and WP13-15 and WP17). The research illustrates the impact of the security integration on speed, cost, and predictability of the seaport logistics. Bakshi et al. (2011) observe that security inspection at port entrances (quayside for ships and city-side for trucks) with drive-through inspection portals, does not delay nor divert the routine container handling process, in which a crane unloads a container from a ship or a truck and deposits it to a stack where the container waits until it is its time to leave the port. But if a container is inspected a few hours prior its scheduled departure, as is currently done under the US Container Security Initiative (CSI) regime, the routine handling process gets disrupted, (see Figure 6). Remarkably, the only value-adding security activity "non-intrusive inspection" (11) requires three preceding activities (8P10) and another three following activities (12-14), none of which add value from security or service standpoints. Other valueless activities, which do not appear in the illustration, include searching of the shipment selected for screening and verification of its documentation. The extra activities consume time and money but add no value to the shipping service. The first approach with drive-through portals eliminates the non-value adding supportive logistics activities (8-10 and 12-14) and therefore enhances logistics speed and efficiency without necessarily lowering the security level.
Bakshi, N., Flynn, S. E., & Gans, N. (2011). Estimating the operational impact of container inspections at international ports. Management Science, 57(1), 1-20.
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-06-30 15:59:582016-06-30 15:59:58Estimating the Operational Impact of Container Inspections at International Ports (Bakshi et al. 2011)
New survey on European postal security
June 15, 2016 /0 Comments/in Air, Blog, CBRA, Counter-terrorism, Customs risks, EU, FP7, Global, IT, Mail operator, Multi-modal, Rail, Risk management, Road, Scanning, Screening, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Theft, Tracking, Trade facilitation, Trafficking, UPU, WP2, WP3 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
PostEurop and Cross-border Research Association have launched a new online survey on postal security management to promote further development and implementation of best security practices in the postal sector. The survey is part of the ongoing SAFEPOST project that the European Commission is co-funding under the Seventh Framework Programme (FP7). SAFEPOST project going to finish in the end of July after four years of work towards higher postal security in the European Union.
The survey studies the current state of postal security management among PostEurop members, 52 postal operators in 49 European countries. The goal is to collect responses mainly from security and safety managers of the PostEurop members, but also postal expert familiar with sorting and distribution processes are welcome to provide their inputs. The first part of the survey focuses on security implementation and security performance, and the second part studies postal managers' expectations and concerns regarding the following six main SAFEPOST innovations:
Common Postal Security Space:
SAFEPOST has created an online platform for sharing security-related information between postal operators. This Common Postal Security Space provides a digital track record of security controls and related evidence (for example X-ray images) that a postal parcel has encountered over its journey, and facilitates an easy and controlled way to exchange information both with other operators as well as the authorities.
D-tube drug screening station:
SAFEPOST has demonstrated a new screening solution, D-tube, that can be fully integrated into the sorting process. The D-Tube's prototype detects illegal substances, such as narcotics and explosives, at high accuracy.
Explosive detection system:
SAFEPOST has demonstrated a Raman spectroscopy screening device for detecting trace amounts of explosives and explosive precursors on the outside of postal items. The device is designed to be seamlessly integrated, at the same level as X-ray machines already used today, in the sorting process and detect the explosive threats at a high accuracy and at a low false alarm rate (≈ 1 %).
Image recognition system:
SAFEPOST has developed an Image Recognition solution that photographs five visible sides of a postal parcel at one or more locations in the postal network. The solution compares these images to detect signs of tampering or damage (≈ 92% detection rate). The current solution functions properly when the conveyor belt moves no faster than 0.5 m/s.
Radiological screening:
SAFEPOST has demonstrated detection of radiation in moving parcels, that can be fully integrated into the sorting process. The current version of the detector is able to detect any harmful level of radiation, and identify the radioactive isotope, and when possible to consider effects of possible attempts of hiding the radioactivity with lead or other shielding material by detecting neutron radiation.
Security standard and certificate:
SAFEPOST project is working towards a new European security standard for the postal operators that would give recommendations about use of security inspection technologies, exchange of security-related information, cyber security, and key security performance indicators. This standard would pave the road towards a voluntary security certification program that would help the postal operators to show their commitment to security.
This survey research is expected to produce interesting new insights about postal security activities and security performance among the PostEurop members. If the response rate is high, the survey findings will set a basis for pan-European benchmarking of security activities. The findings would also contribute to smart policy making, legislation, and standardisation in the field of postal security.
Finally, depending on the response rate, CBRA is going to publish an academic journal paper based on the results. Building on solid theory on supply chain security risk management, the journal paper would provide new empirical about how supply chain security implementation is associated operational and security performance. We expect that collaborative security measures improve both on-time delivery performance (a proxy for operational performance) and supply chain security performance simultaneously. Collaborative security measures include survey items such as "we coordinate security activities with our business customers" and "we exchange customs declaration information with customs authorities electronically [for example, ITMATT or CUSITM messages]". Another hypothesis is that, on the one hand, non-collaborative security contributes to supply chain security performance but decrease on-time delivery performance on the other hand. Examples of such non-collaborative measures include "we use tamper-evident mail bags to transport high-value postal items" and "We perform security controls also on non-airmail items to detect explosives." The figure below summarises the theory and hypotheses of the research paper.
Figure 1 Theoretical framework of the SAFEPOST survey paper
The survey findings will be presented in the final SAFEPOST meeting in Madrid 5-6 July 2016. After the meeting, we hope that we can expand the scope of the survey to cover the rest of the world, as well. The next step would be to contact representatives of the Universal Postal Union (UPU) and coordinate distribution of the survey into the organisations' 192 member countries.
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Blog-150616-1.jpg 314 471 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-06-15 18:47:422016-06-15 19:35:39New survey on European postal security
CASSANDRA compendium. Technologies for supply chain visibility and security (Ch. 8)
June 8, 2016 /0 Comments/in All transport modes, CBRA, CORE-Observatory, Counter-terrorism, Customs, Customs risks, Data quality, Data sharing, Deliverable, EU, Exporter, FP7, Freight forwarder, Global, Importer, IT, Manufacturer, Police, Retailer, Risk management, Risk-cluster, Satellites, Scanning, Screening, Shipper, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Theft, Tracking, Trade facilitation, Trafficking, Transport carrier, Transport security agency, WP14, WP15, WP16, WP17, WP2, WP3, WP9 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: Chapter 8 of the CASSANDRA compendium reviews current and future technologies that help managers to improve visibility and security over global end-to-end supply chains. The supply chain visibility technologies, in essence, provide logistics managers with a variety of information – shipment data, performance metrics, inventory levels, production / delivery schedules and sales forecast, for example – in or close to real time. The chapter's review on supply chain security technologies focus mainly on security sensors (e.g., motion detectors), container seals, biometric user authentication devices (e.g., fingerprints), and non-intrusive inspection equipment (e.g., X-ray screening stations). The section also elaborates modern ways for sharing information among stakeholders that are concerned about security of the supply chain. The CASSANDRA compendium is available for download: www.cassandra-project.eu. Review by Toni Männistö (CBRA)
Full review: Chapter 8 includes some interesting details and insights about modern visibility and security technologies, many of which are relevant especially for CORE demonstrations but also for other work packages such as WP2 (SCS controls), WP7 (CORE Connectivity Infrastructure and Solutions Development Environment) and WP8 (CORE Ecosystem).
Many large logistics operators have developed own supply chain visibility systems to coordinate and organise logistics operations. A large logistics service provider, Kühne+Nagel uses its KN login visibility system that allows the company to optimise its complex global operations in terms of speed, time-certainty, security and cost-efficiency and many other relevant metrics. DHL, a German-based international express courier and logistics company, uses its LOGIS software for its operations. Previous EU projects have also developed visibility systems, for example Smart CM SICIS (Shared Intermodal Container Information System).
These visibility systems enable fast response to most operational contingencies that are about cause deviations from original plans. For instance, if a shipper got instant information about a stolen container, a new delivery could be quickly arranged and the consignee could be informed as soon as possible about the reshipment. Moreover, the visibility systems often interface ITC systems of other key stakeholders in the international supply chains. Customs, for example, receive advance cargo information (ACI) automatically from these systems.
The second part of the chapter 8 focuses exclusively on security technologies. The review starts with description of security sensors that are designed to detect tampering, unplanned detours, and other suspicious events in the supply chain. The modern sensor technologies sense at least changes in lighting, acceleration, location (geo-fencing functionality), motion and CO2 levels (used, e.g., to detect stowaways inside shipping containers). The chapter introduces modern user authentication technologies (e.g., fingerprints, face, retina, hand geometry and other unique biometric characteristics). Some information is provided regarding non-intrusive screening solutions that are often considered to be necessary for fast and secure screening operations. The rest of the chapter discusses various technical and institutional solutions for exchanging security-relevant information among supply chain operators and relevant government agencies. Especially interoperability of ICT systems seems to be crucial for effective security efforts in the global supply chains. The CASSANDRA compendium is available for download: www.cassandra-project.eu. Review by Toni Männistö (CBRA)
Hintsa, J. and Uronen, K. (Eds.) (2012), "Common assessment and analysis of risk in global supply chains ", Compendium of FP7-project CASSANDRA, Chapter 8
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-06-08 21:56:472016-06-09 11:26:54CASSANDRA compendium. Technologies for supply chain visibility and security (Ch. 8)
MARITIME SECURITY – DHS Progress and Challenges in Key Areas of Port Security, GAO, July 2010 (CORE1064)
May 26, 2016 /0 Comments/in Analytic, CBRA, Coordinated border management, CORE-Observatory, Counter-terrorism, Customs, Data quality, Data sharing, Demo-cluster, GAO, Government, IT, Maritime, Other-cluster, Police, Resilience, Risk management, Satellites, Scanning, Screening, Sea port, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Tracking, Transport security agency, USA, WP10, WP11, WP13, WP14, WP15, WP19, WP9 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: This GAO report analyses the progress the US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has made in maritime supply chain security over the past five to ten years. The report raises problems that the DHS and its component agencies – the Coast Guard and the Customs and Border Protection (CBP) – have encountered regarding improvement of risk management, reduction of the vulnerability to threats of small vessels, implementation of security assessment in foreign ports, and the overall progress in supply chain security. The report states that so far the Coast Guard has carried out risk assessments, but their results do not allow effective comparison and prioritization of risks across ports. The Coast guard has also identified points of vulnerability related to waterside attacks by small vessels, reached out to the general public to encourage recreational sailors to report anomalies, started tracking of small vessel, tested equipment to screen small vessels for nuclear material and conducted security maneuvers such as vessel escorts. Nevertheless, resource constraints and technical problems prevent the Coast Guard to protect the US coastline and maritime infrastructure from small-vessel threats effectively. Moreover, the Coast Guard has been assessing security in foreign ports, but the lack of the agency's resources and certain countries' reluctance to collaborate with the US authorities have slowed down the global security assessment. Finally, as for the general supply chain security, the DHS has been running the Secure Freight Initiative (SFI) in foreign ports to test the feasibility of the 100% scanning of US-bound shipping containers with non-intrusive inspection (NII) technologies and radiation detection equipment. The findings of the SFI pilots indicate that the 100% scanning is not a feasible policy because it would disrupt port logistics, damage international trade and raise healthy concerns, among other things. The report is available for download at: www.gao.gov/assets/660/659087.pdf.
Full review: This GAO review concentrates on the US maritime supply chain security. The document provides important information for people who are working for the CORE demonstrations of WP1 and WP14 because these demos involve maritime transportation into and from the US mainland. Those demonstrations that test tracking & tracking solutions might benefit from the document's update on small-vessel identification and tracking systems.
Coast Guard: Deployable Operations Group Achieving Organizational Benefits, but Challenges Remain. GAO-10-433R. Washington, D.C.: April 7, 2010.
Supply Chain Security: Feasibility and Cost-Benefit Analysis Would Assist DHS and Congress in Assessing and Implementing the Requirement to Scan 100 Percent of U.S.-Bound Containers. GAO-10-12. Washington, D.C.: October 30, 2009.
Maritime Security: The SAFE Port Act: Status and Implementation One Year Later. GAO-08-126T. Washington, D.C.: October 30, 2007.
Maritime Security: Vessel Tracking Systems Provide Key Information, but the Need for Duplicate Data Should Be Reviewed. GAO-09-337. Washington, D.C.: March 17, 2009.
Supply Chain Security: Challenges to Scanning 100 Percent of U.S.-Bound Cargo Containers. GAO-08-533T. Washington, D.C., June 12, 2008.
Additional keywords: Maritime security, supply chain security, 100% scanning and track & trace
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-05-26 18:04:352016-05-26 18:44:46MARITIME SECURITY - DHS Progress and Challenges in Key Areas of Port Security, GAO, July 2010 (CORE1064)
AVIATION SECURITY – Progress Made, but Challenges Persist in Meeting the Screening Mandate for Air Cargo, GAO, March 2011 (CORE1062)
May 26, 2016 /0 Comments/in Air, Analytic, CBRA, CORE-Observatory, Counter-terrorism, Data quality, Data sharing, Demo-cluster, GAO, Global, Government, Risk management, Scanning, Screening, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Transport security agency, USA, WP12, WP17 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: This GAO report reviews the recent progress of the US air cargo security scheme. The Transportation Security Administration (TSA), the main agency responsible for the US air cargo security, has been working towards the implementation of the 100% screening requirements of the 9/11 Commission Act of 2007. So far TSA has set up a voluntary Certified Cargo Screening Program (CCSP) to allow trusted logistics operators to screen air cargo outside congested airports, launched a program for testing technologies for air cargo screening and expanding its program for approving explosive detection dog teams. The main obstacle in meeting the 100% screening requirement is that TSA has no reliable mechanism for verifying screening data from domestic foreign screening operators, which self-report the data. TSA also struggles in finding resources to employ as many transport security inspectors as it is required to oversee the Certified Cargo Screening Program. The report also points out that the current technologies that TSA has approved for cargo screening cannot screen large cargo units – pallets or unit loading devices (ULDs) – and this incapability reduces speed and cost-efficiency of air cargo screening. Overall, this GAO document provides a general outlook on state and challenges the US air cargo security regime, and therefore those CORE demonstrations that focus on the US-bound or US-origin air transport should consider the report as a key source material. The report is available for download at: www.gao.gov/assets/130/125678.pdf.
Full review: This document is relevant for the CORE demonstrations that involve air transportation into or through or from the US. Especially the DHL demo, that concentrates on shipping of military aircraft parts from the US to Spain, is affected by the TSA's programs and initiatives that the report analyses. The report is very concise and informative, so it might be beneficial to the CORE's educational and training activities.
GAO, Aviation Security: Federal Coordination for Responding to In-flight Security Threats Has Matured, but Procedures Can Be Strengthened, (Washington, D.C.: July 31, 2007).
GAO, Aviation Security: Transportation Security Administration May Face Resource and other Challenges in Developing a System to Screen All Cargo Transported on Passenger Aircraft
GAO, Aviation Security: Federal Efforts to Secure U.S.-Bound Air Cargo Are in the Early Stages and Could Be Strengthened, GAO-07-660 (Washington, D.C.: April 2007).
GAO, Aviation Security: Progress Made in Systematic Planning to Guide Key Investment Decisions, but More Work Remains, GAO-07-448T (Washington, D.C.: February 13, 2007).
Additional keywords: Air cargo security, 100% screening, Certified Cargo Screening Program (CCSP)
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-05-26 17:51:392016-05-26 18:56:41AVIATION SECURITY - Progress Made, but Challenges Persist in Meeting the Screening Mandate for Air Cargo, GAO, March 2011 (CORE1062)
SUPPLY CHAIN SECURITY – CBP Needs to Enhance Its Guidance and Oversight of High-Risk Maritime Cargo Shipments, GAO, January 2015 (CORE1059)
May 26, 2016 /0 Comments/in Analytic, CBRA, Coordinated border management, CORE-Observatory, Counter-terrorism, Customs, Customs risks, Data quality, Data sharing, GAO, Global, Government, IT-cluster, Maritime, Risk management, Scanning, Screening, Sea port, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Trade facilitation, USA, WP10, WP11, WP19, WP3, WP4, WP9 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: The report reviews the US Customs and Border Protection's (CPB) approach to risk assessment and targeting of maritime shipping containers. The report's highlights that CPB does not have clear decision rules and reporting procedures to monitor percentage of containers that the risk assessment system flags high-risk and that get eventually examined. The source of this problem is that the CPB's officials (targeters) may waive examination of the high-risk containers if the container (i) falls within a predetermined category (standard exception), or (ii) the targeters can articulate why the shipment should not be considered high risk. The targeting units have currently differing definitions of "standard exceptions" and differing views on what constitutes the "articulate reasons." The GAO report recommends the CPB to clarify, harmonize and enforce the rules and the procedures for waiving the high-risk containers from examination. As for CORE, this report provides a detailed and recent outlook on the US maritime risk assessment and targeting scheme, and this information is going to support work of the CORE's risk cluster and the demonstrations that involve shipping of sea containers into the US. The report is available for download at: www.gao.gov/assets/670/668098.pdf.
Full review: This GAO reports contains crucial information about the US risk assessment and container targeting systems that benefit the CORE's risk cluster. The report outlines principles, procedures, datasets and scanning methods that constitute the world's most advanced risk assessment system for maritime shipping containers. The CORE's IT cluster might also benefit from the report's description of the CPB's Automated Targeting System (ATS) that is used to compute risk scores for shipping containers and flag the ones with the highest score as high-risk. Regarding the CORE demonstrations, the GM demon (WP19) must comply with data requirements (24-hour rule and the "10+2" rule) that enable the US risk assessment and targeting system. Also the demos involving customs controls, especially WP11.2 and WP10.1, may learn something from the ways how the US border control authorities are assessing risk levels of incoming containers.
Supply Chain Security: CBP Needs to Conduct Regular Assessments of Its Cargo Targeting System. GAO-13-9. Washington, D.C.: October 25, 2012.
Maritime Security: Progress and Challenges in Key DHS Programs to Secure the Maritime Borders. GAO-14-196T. Washington, D.C.: November 19, 2013.
Additional keywords: Security Filing and Additional Carrier Requirements (known as the 10+2 rule), 24-hour rule, risk assessment
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-05-26 16:15:502016-05-26 19:01:01SUPPLY CHAIN SECURITY - CBP Needs to Enhance Its Guidance and Oversight of High-Risk Maritime Cargo Shipments, GAO, January 2015 (CORE1059)
MARITIME SECURITY – Progress and Challenges with Selected Port Security Programs, GAO, June 2014 (CORE1019)
May 26, 2016 /0 Comments/in Analytic, Capacity building, CBRA, Coordinated border management, CORE-Observatory, Customs, Data quality, Data sharing, Demo-cluster, GAO, Global, Government, IT, Maritime, Optimization, Other-cluster, Police, Resilience, Risk management, Risk-cluster, Satellites, Scanning, Screening, Sea port, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Tracking, Trade facilitation, Transport security agency, USA, WP10, WP11, WP13, WP14, WP15, WP19, WP9 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: The report provides a comprehensive review of progress and challenges of various port security activities and programs the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has carried out since 9/11. In essence, the report is a summary and an update of a number of more detailed GAO reports on maritime supply chain security. The report states that needs to strengthen further its efforts on maritime domain awareness through intensified communication among maritime stakeholders. Regarding the US domestic port security, the report recommends DHS to reassess its Port Security Grant Program (PSGP) that allows ports to request funds for security projects and to improve quality of vulnerability assessment in US ports. The report also urges DHS to overcome challenges of risk-based targeting and scanning of US-bound shipping containers. The findings and recommendations of this report help CORE consortium understand the current state of the US maritime security regime. This understanding benefits particularly the demonstrations of WP9 and WP14. Also educational and training as well as risk clusters of CORE may find the report's information useful. The report is available for download at: www.gao.gov/assets/670/663784.pdf.
Full review: This GAO document summarizes the US maritime supply chain security and provides useful information for the CORE project across its work packages. This information most obviously benefits WP9 and WP14 that involve US-bound maritime trade lanes. However, also the CORE's risk cluster can find useful insight in the report, for example about challenges and opportunities of risk-based container targeting and screening approaches. This summary GAO document caters the needs of state-of-the-art work packages and the CORE's educational and training cluster that aims to produce relevant and up-to-date material about supply chain security for a variety of stakeholders.
Combating Nuclear Smuggling: Additional Actions Needed to Ensure Adequate Testing of Next Generation Radiation Detection Equipment. GAO-07-1247T. Washington, D.C.: September 18,
Supply Chain Security: CBP Has Made Progress in Assisting the Trade Industry in Implementing the New Importer Security Filing Requirements, but Some Challenges Remain. GAO-10-841. Washington, D.C.: September 10, 2010.
Supply Chain Security: CBP Needs to Conduct Regular Assessments of Its Cargo Targeting System, GAO-13-9. October 25, 2012.
Additional keywords: Maritime security, Port Security Grant Program (PSGP), risk-based controls, targeting, container scanning
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-05-26 15:30:402016-05-26 19:31:34MARITIME SECURITY - Progress and Challenges with Selected Port Security Programs, GAO, June 2014 (CORE1019)
MARITIME SECURITY – Progress and Challenges in Key DHS Programs to Secure the Maritime Borders, GAO, November 2013 (CORE1018)
May 26, 2016 /0 Comments/in Analytic, Capacity building, CBRA, Coordinated border management, CORE-Observatory, Counter-terrorism, Customs, Customs risks, Data quality, Data sharing, Demo-cluster, GAO, Global, Government, IT, Maritime, Optimization, Other-cluster, Resilience, Risk management, Risk-cluster, Satellites, Scanning, Screening, Sea port, Supply chain security, Terrorism/destruction, Tracking, Trade facilitation, Transport security agency, USA, WP10, WP11, WP13, WP14, WP15, WP19, WP4, WP9 /by Vladlen Tsikolenko
Summary: This report is a summary of previous GAO reports on US maritime supply chain security and border controls. The report focuses on progress and challenges in four main areas of the Department of Homeland Security's (DHS) activity on the maritime security. The report highlights that DHS and its component Coast Guard agency could improve its maritime domain awareness through increased information sharing and more advanced vessel-tracking systems. The Customs and Border Protection (CBP) in turn could step up its role in securing US-bound container traffic by conducting more frequent risk assessment audits in key foreign ports that ship cargo into the US and by fostering more close relationship with foreign authorities. The GAO report also recommends the Coast Guard to rethink its maritime surveillance, interdiction and security operations because current protection and support is not adequate in high priority locations. The report also calls for more collaboration and coordination among maritime authorities, port operators and ocean carriers. Finally, the report encourages the DHS to develop performance metrics and data collection procedures the agency uses to assess and monitor its maritime security programs and activities. This report gives a recent update on the US maritime security activities that might be helpful for CORE demonstrations and clusters. The report is available for download at: www.gao.gov/assets/660/659087.pdf.
Full review: This summary GAO documents provides detailed background material about the US maritime security programs. This information is very relevant for the CORE demonstrations WP9 and WP14 that involve shipping cargo from and into the US. The information this document offers also help the CORE's risk and IT clusters to learn lessons from the US approach to risk-based maritime security and security-related IT integration.
Maritime Security: Ferry Security Measures Have Been Implemented, but Evaluating Existing Studies Could Further Enhance Security. GAO-11-207. Washington, D.C.: December 3, 2010.
Supply Chain Security: DHS Could Improve Cargo Security by Periodically Assessing Risks from Foreign Ports. GAO-13-764. Washington, D.C.: September 16, 2013.
Additional keywords: Maritime security, maritime surveillance, risk-based controls, targeting, container scanning
https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png 0 0 Vladlen Tsikolenko https://www.cross-border.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/cbra_logo_300x300.png Vladlen Tsikolenko2016-05-26 14:56:082016-05-26 19:40:46MARITIME SECURITY - Progress and Challenges in Key DHS Programs to Secure the Maritime Borders, GAO, November 2013 (CORE1018)