As with any other language, English language is dynamic, it is not only about being able to pronounce words properly: it is about making sense, and expressing the right ideas. This can be achieved by using both the right stress and intonation as you speak.
Many languages are syllabic languages (syllables have their own length), when it comes to English things are different since it is a stressed language: stress and intonation are particularly important in order to make sense while communicating.
Pay attention to intonation if your native language has different intonation patterns from English, and especially if you normally use a flat intonation - in English, this tends to signify boredom or sarcasm!
Don´t get frustrated if, at first hand, you do not get the right stress on words, it takes time to manage this. One of the best trips to learn to stress and intone is to look for the words that other speakers intone and stress as they talk. Listening will help you a lot as well as not paying too much attention to every word you pronounce, just focus on the stressed words.
Intonation is the name given to sentence stress, or what is sometimes called the "music of the language". Just as words have stressed syllables, sentences contain regular patterns of stressed words. In addition, the voice tends to rise, fall or remain flat in various different types of phrases and sentences.
If you find it hard to hear the intonation patterns, ask your teacher to give you some examples.
Ask your teacher whether there are particular areas where you have difficulty with intonation, and focus on those areas.
Always remember that Stress and Intonation are as important as word pronunciation.


In this blog article, we will discuss the motivation to build the app, how it works, and how it can be used.
The first question you might be asking is: Why do we need an app to convert from one set of mass flow units to another? For instance, if you want to convert from inches to centimeters, you would just multiply by 2.54. But, converting between mass flow units is not always that straight forward. So we have developed a tool that makes it easy.
We are going to look at some examples, but first let's review what we mean by mass flow. When we think about mass flow, it can be helpful to think in terms of the flow of individual molecules. So while flow meters are often specified by units like sccm (standard cubic centimeters per minute) or scfm (standard cubic feet per minute), the mass flow rate is ultimately about the number of molecules (n) moving through a given cross sectional area per unit time (see figure below).
n = (P * V) / R*T where n is the number of molecules, P is the pressure, V is the Volume, R is the Universal Gas Constant and T is the Temperature.
Now we need to select some given pressure and temperature so that we can calculate the number of molecules – these are called the reference conditions or the STP (Standard Temperature and Pressure). In many cases, 0°C and 760 Torr are used for the STP. But this is not always the case. So it is always very important to specify the reference conditions (STP) any time you use a standardized mass flow unit like sccm, slm, scfh, etc (any mass flow unit that starts with "s" is going to need the reference conditions or STP specified). In our example, we are going to use STP of 0°C & 760 Torr.
Note that we have used a value of R in terms of pressure in Atmosphere (760 Torr = 1 atm), and Temperature in Kelvin (0°C = 273K).
In other words, a flow rate of 10,000 sccm (0C, 760 Torr) is the same as a molecular flow rate of 0.45 Mole / minute.
If you are like me, you will start to play with the App. And soon you will notice that the user can change the gas using the pull down menu at the top. But notice that in the case of our first example (converting from standardized mass flow units to molecular flow units), that the gas selection has no effect on the conversion. This is because the standardized flow units (e.g. sccm, slm, scfh, etc.) are actually molar flow units based on reference conditions (STP) and the ideal gas law.
So, why do we allow the user to select gas? In the case of units like gm/sec, Kg/hr, or lb / min, we are going to need to know the gas so that we can calculate the mass. Let's take a look at the case of converting from slm to grams/second. We will use as our same example of 10,000 slm (0°C & 760 Torr) and we will use methane (CH4) as our gas.
10,000 slm = (450 Mole / Min) * (1 Min / 60 sec) = 7.5 Mole/ sec.
The mass flow converter app and website www.massflowconverter.com takes all the work out of these conversions and we hope that you will find this tool helpful. If you have any questions about mass flow meters and controllers, Application Engineers at Teledyne Hastings are always happy to help.


text:
Healthcare Belgium
Paediatric Surgery and Transplant Unit
Information about the Centre
The Paediatric Surgery and Transplant Unit deals with all aspects of the medical and surgical management of a wide range of hepatobiliary pathologies in children. All the facilities required for the medical work-up of such conditions and diseases are available, including digestive endoscopy, therapy for oesophageal varices, specialised nutritional support, investigational radiology and appropriate anatomopathology support for interpretation of liver biopsy specimens.
Paediatric Surgery and Transplant Unit at the Saint-Luc University Hospital, led by Professor Raymond Reding has been offering a full range of surgery for hepatobiliary diseases in children for 25 years.
The Unit enjoys international partnerships with various overseas centres in Russia, Macedonia, Algeria and Vietnam among others.
Further information, including details of the Unit's scientific publications, is available at www.kidliver.org.
Liver Transplant (total): 25-30 per year
Living Donor Liver Transplant: 15-20 per year
Hepatectomies and Shunt Surgery: 10-15 per year
Over 700 paediatric liver transplants have been performed at the Unit since 1984.
Procedures Performed
Surgical procedures performed at our Unit include all types of paediatric liver surgery, including all types of partial hepatectomies, shunt surgery for portal hypertension, surgical procedures on the biliary tract (Kasai procedure, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, etc.), and liver transplants.
The three main procedures:
Living Donor Liver Transplant
There is a possibility to perform liver transplant using a parental liver donor, provided this particular donor was fully assessed by our team to rule out any additional medical risk. The left liver lobe is procured from the living donor, and subsequently reimplanted in the recipient child after removal of his/her diseased liver.
Such operation provides excellent results in the recipient, with patient survival at 5 years beyond 90%, as recently published by our Centre.
Partial Hepatectomy
When a malignant tumour is detected in the liver of a child (mostly hepatoblastoma or hepatocarcinoma), pre-operative chemotherapy is prescribed. Subsequently, partial hepatectomy can be performed in order to resect the tumour, which leaves the normal liver lobe in place. Depending on the anatomopathological diagnosis of the resected tumour, further chemotherapy may be administered to the child in the post-operative period.
Meso-Rex Shunt
When a congenital thrombosis of the portal vein is discovered in a child, in the context of portal hypertension with occurrence of digestive bleeding, it is often possible to cure the situation by performing of a Meso-Rex Surgical Shunt.
This operation allows complete cure of the portal hypertension as well the revascularisation of the liver.
The Medical Team
The main feature of the Paediatric Surgery and Transplant Unit at the Saint-Luc University Hospital is the multidisciplinary medical team involved, including senior paediatric surgeons (two), paediatric hepato-gastroenterologists (two), paediatric radiologists (two), paediatric intensivists (three), and paediatric anaesthesiologists (two). This team is supported by specialist multilingual staff including a clinical transplant coordinator, nurses, a medical secretary and a social worker.
Raymond Reding, MD, PhD, is the head surgeon in charge of the Paediatric Surgery and Transplant Unit at the Saint-Luc University Hospital.
In 2000, he opened a specialist Paediatric Centre for anorectal pathology and surgery. He currently heads-up the Centre for Hepatobiliary Surgery for Children. He has authored or co-authored more than 150 scientific international publications, mainly in the fields of paediatric surgery, liver transplant and transplants immunology.
He is member of the American Society of Transplantation and co-editor of the
journal Pediatric Transplantation.
Read more about Dr Reding
Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc (UCL)
Avenue Hippocrate, 10

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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text:
October 22, 2015 By koojchuhan
Continent Chop Chop | Climate justice performance
austerity, refugees and climate destruction: a story told through music, poetry, transmedia and spoken word
With performances currently touring from October-December 2015 in Manchester, London, Liverpool, Huddersfield, Leeds and Leicester. Tour dates and tickets
Climate justice stories from across the world weaved together via Afrobeat influences, experimental electronics, English Folk and deconstructed imperial anthems.
Continent Chop Chop asks: What are the connections between climate change and poverty? How does the wider climate of austerity and scapegoating of migrants connect with climate change? And why should anyone care when they don't have enough to eat?
Featuring commissioned recordings and footage from Nnimmo Bassey, a Nigeria-based leading environmental activist, and from Zena Edwards, a London-based performance poet, writer and musician.
A performance project by the Virtual Migrants collective.
Devised and led by Sai Murray (writer, performer), Aidan Jolly (musician, composer) and Maya Chowdhry (transmedia artist). Supporting artists: Tracey Zengeni (vocals, performer), Jaydev Mistry (musician, digital soundscapes), Kooj Chuhan (video artist), Mazaher Rafshajani (photography and video).
Directed by Amanda Huxtable.
Full details of Continent Chop Chop climate justice performance at: www.virtualmigrants.net/continent-chop-chop
LIST OF PERFORMANCES IN 2015:
Ticket prices and ticketing details here
Saturday 31st October, 7.30pm
Kirklees Media Centre, Huddersfield http://www.the-media-centre.co.uk
Saturday 7th November, 6 – 8pm
Highfields Centre, Leicester http://www.highfieldscentre.ac.uk/home.html
Tuesday 10th November 6pm (excerpt as part of 'Dance The Guns To Silence')
Rich Mix, London http://www.richmix.org.uk/whats-on/event/dance-the-guns-to-silence-ii/
Saturday 14th November, 7.30pm
Anthony Burgess Centre, Manchester www.anthonyburgess.org
Tickets: http://continent-chop-manchester.eventbrite.co.uk
Sunday 15th November, 3 – 5pm
The Lantern, Liverpool http://www.lanterntheatreliverpool.co.uk/
Seven Arts, Leeds http://www.sevenleeds.co.uk/
Thursday 3rd December, 6.30pm
Free Word Centre, London www.freewordcentre.com
Full details of the performances and online videos at www.virtualmigrants.net/continent-chop-chop
Information on our participatory workshops to be announced soon.


Mineral Classics - Ore Minerals from Bulgaria "Mineral Classics" - Dealing in fine minerals and gems for over 45 years! Online since 2002!
Some of the most notable Galena specimens in the world are those from the Madan region in Bulgaria. This piece is a striking and certainly geometric display specimen of Galena from this classic locality in Bulgaria. Several very sharp, metallic grey, cuboctahedral crystals of Galena are oriented into a beautiful "stacked" appearance. In the center of the specimen lies a lovely golden Chalcopyrite crystal measuring 3.3 cm across. For a final touch, there are some accenting prismatic crystals of Quartz along with black Sphalerite. Virtually damage free on the display side, and just about as eye-catching as it gets. A worthwhile piece of this well-known material!
An aesthetic group of very gemmy, colorless prismatic Quartz crystals which are included unique and eye-catching "phantoms" of metallic golden Pyrite floating near the terminations of the crystals. The reverse side of the specimen shows that the Pyrite is not only growing inside the Quartz crystals, but is actually coating them in places as well. The piece was certainly difficult to photograph, and I would say it does look better in person. A tiny bit of edge-wear is all that keeps this piece from being perfect, but it is still a worthwhile specimen, especially if you're a Quartz collector, or a collector of "inclusion" specimens.
The various ore bodies in southern Bulgaria have produced a lot of memorable sulfide and carbonate specimens, and even though the Rhodochrosite from this area is not world-class, it IS the only locality that I know of where Rhodochrosite occurs with STILBITE ! The combination of pink Rhodochrosite, cream-colored Stilbite, and bright golden Chalcopyrite makes this a very attractive display piece. The fact that the Stilbites are sitting atop Rhodochrosite makes it all the more enticing. This is only one of a few pieces of this material that I have seen in my life where Rhodochrosite and Stilbite occur together on the same specimen.
Dozens of HIGHLY splendent, silvery, metallic cuboctahedra of Galena are sprinkled over a layer of grey-white, micro crystallized Quartz on matrix. The piece was terribly difficult to photograph, and trust me, it looks better in person. The luster is so bright on the Galena crystals that we had to use a muted light source in order to shoot them. Great quality and excellent condition.
A predominant, undamaged, golden tetragonal scalenohedron of Chalcopyrite sits in the center of a plate of grey-white Quartz "needles". The piece is accented by sharp, lustrous black Sphalerite crystals and additional Chalcopyrites which are sprinkled throughout. A very attractive miniature sized specimen of this classic material.
A highly aesthetic and three-dimensional display specimen of Pyrite with a brilliant metallic luster and excellent crystallization. The piece was rather difficult to photograph, but as you can see from the photos, has wonderfully well-formed pyritohedra of Pyrite with soft striations and sharp faces. The predominant crystal at the top of the piece gives way to branching groups of smaller pyritohedra flaring out in different directions. The piece is in great shape overall, and despite a few contacts, is still very displayable from several angles. Better in person, a great Pyrite from this lesser known locality in Bulgaria.
A nice miniature specimen featuring a few very sharp, well-formed GEM/gemmy, colorless, hexagonal prisms of Quartz which play host to several rather lustrous, golden color Chalcopyrite crystals. Some minor Pyrite and Sphalerite can be seen on the back of the specimen as well. A good representative piece from this well-known locality.
A good quality and well-formed group of lustrous, metallic, silvery cuboctahedra of Galena. The piece is in great shape on the display side, and even shows a slight amount of skeletal growth on the larger faces.
A great association specimen from the famous Septemvri Mine (formerly the 9th of September Mine). The piece features a striated, metallic golden color crystal of Chalcopyrite which is sitting amongst soft grey color, sharp cuboctahedra of Galena with lustrous black Sphalerite and prismatic Quartz. The piece is virtually damage free on the display side, and is good example of how a few crystallized sulfides can make for a really eye-catching display piece.
First, I have to mention that this specimen was difficult to photograph and looks better in person. The fine quality of the Sphalerite crystals, along with the three-dimensionality of the piece makes it hard to replicate in two-dimensional photos. There are two main highlights of the piece. The first is the excellent, sharp, lustrous, jet-black Sphalerite crystals – some of which are incredibly smooth, while other are heavily striated. The second highlight of the piece is the fact that one of the Sphalerites is actually pierced by a very sharp, prismatic, GEM quality Quartz crystal! For a final touch, there are some accenting, soft grey color crystals of Galena on the piece. The piece truly is better quality than the photos might indicate, and certainly a worthwhile specimen for any collector. Pieces like this are the reason why every collector should never discount "black" rocks for their collections.
Some of the finest gem grade green Sphalerites come from the Madan region in Bulgaria. I have seen cut stones of this material that are so intense in color, they actually show a blue shade! This piece features several sharp, lustrous, GEM/gemmy, pleasing green color modified crystals of Sphalerite which are sitting on and in sugary Quartz crystal matrix. The quality is excellent for the material, especially since the crystals are both lustrous AND gemmy! An attractive specimen from this well-known Sphalerite producing locality.
An attractive single, modified cuboctahedron of Galena with rather sharp faces, good luster, and an attractive form that is complimented by the elegant skeletal or "hoppered" effect that can be seen on selective faces. The crystal is complete all the way around, and is actually sitting a thin layer of matrix. A really nice miniature sized Galena specimen for any collector.
Certainly this is one of the most interesting and unusual Galena specimens that I have seen from any Bulgarian locality. For a "black rock", this one really catches one's attention. The main highlight of the piece is a sculptural, highly lustrous, metallic, silvery colored compressed group of cuboctahedral crystals which is standing perpendicular against the underlying matrix. Just off to the side of the main group is a very unusual, incredibly slender/compressed cubic crystal of Galena. Now, I am not certain if this crystal is actually a euhedral cube, or if it was cleaved on one side to create the remarkably thin/tabular habit. We've done our best to illustrate this crystal in the photos, but the entire piece is best viewed in person, as it has bright lustrous Galena crystals all over, which are mixed with black Sphalerite crystals and thin "needle" Quartz crystals. The mix of all three species together makes for a real chore when it comes to photographing. Trust me when I say that this is a unique Galena, and would make a great addition to any collection, especially a sulfide suite.
An attractive group of soft yellow color, stacked, compressed scalenohedral Calcite crystals which are accented on each side by HIGHLY splendent, razor sharp, metallic silvery colored cuboctahedra of Galena. The piece displays beautifully without aid of clay or a base, as there is a slight amount of attached matrix on the bottom. A nice representative Calcite association specimen from this classic locality.
A pretty Rhodochrosite association specimen from the lesser-known Eniovche Mine. This attractive small cabinet specimen is essentially a crystallized mound of soft pink, rhomobohedral Rhodochrosite which is accented by soft yellow color scalenohedra of Calcite and a sprinkling of gemmy, colorless Quartz prisms and a small black Sphalerite crystal. The piece displays well from several angles. A good locality specimen for somebody who might be a collector of world-wide Rhodochrosites.
A wonderful full sized miniature association specimen featuring a HIGHLY splendent, metallic, compressed, "Spinel-Law" twin of silvery colored Galena which is aesthetically flaring out of a matrix of gem quality Quartz crystals and black Sphalerite. To top it off, some of the Quartz crystals are topped by small white Calcite crystals, creating a beautiful effect. Great quality all the way around, and better in person than the photos indicate!
A beautiful specimen from the well-known Krushev dol deposit. This aesthetic small cabinet display specimen is loaded with sharp, lustrous, GEM/gemmy, prismatic, hexagonal Quartz crystals (one of which is doubly-terminated) which are included with moss-green "Chlorite". Perhaps the most exciting aspect of the piece is the fact that it features micro yellow crystals of Helvite(!). A good friend and Bulgarian mineral expert alerted me to the presence of the Helvite crystals once he saw the photos. I am told that Helvite is the most rare species from this mine, and that no more than 15 specimens came out of the groudn, with no more to come in the future. The piece displays beautifully as you can see from the photos. This piece would make a great addition to a Quartz suite, as it is one of the more interesting Quartzes I have seen from this locality, or to a rare species suite as it is undoubtedly the only Bulgarian Helvite specimen that I have handled.
Some of the finest gem grade green Sphalerites come from the Madan region in Bulgaria. I have seen cut stones of this material that are so intense in color, they actually show a blue shade! This piece features several sharp, semi-lustrous, gemmy, pleasing green color modified crystals of Sphalerite which are sitting on white Quartz matrix. The quality is good for the material, and there are plenty of crystals on the specimen. An attractive large miniature / small cabinet piece from this well-known Sphalerite producing locality.
Some of the most notable Galena specimens in the world are those from the Madan region in Bulgaria. This piece is a prominent and geometric display specimen of Galena from this classic locality in Bulgaria. Several sharp, metallic grey, cuboctahedral crystals of Galena are oriented into a beautiful "stacked" appearance. Near the base of the specimen lies a lovely golden Chalcopyrite crystal. For a final touch, there are some accenting prismatic crystals of Quartz along with black Sphalerite. Virtually damage free on the display side, and just about as eye-catching as it gets. A worthwhile piece of this well-known material! .
The various ore bodies in southern Bulgaria have produced a lot of memorable sulfide and carbonate specimens, and even though the Rhodochrosite from this area is not world-class, it IS the only locality that I know of where Rhodochrosite occurs with STILBITE ! The combination of pink Rhodochrosite, cream-colored Stilbite, golden Chalcopyrite and white Quartz makes this a very attractive display piece. Perhaps the most interesting aspect of the piece is the fact that one side has a near full coverage of Rhodochrosite, while the other side is filled with Stilbite. This is only one of a few pieces of this material that I have seen in my life where Rhodochrosite and Stilbite occur together on the same specimen. .
A bright and eye-catching cabinet sized display specimen featuring predominant, sharp, cuboctahedral groups of silvery Galena which are perched atop "Chlorite" included Quartz crystal matrix. The Galena groups have a selective deposition of bright, sharp, lustrous golden Chalcopyrites, creating a stunning two-tone color effect. Many of the Galena crystals actually have Quartz crystals growing right through them! The piece is in great shape on all sides, and despite the number of photos we took, it still looks better in person. A really cool Bulgarian sulfide association specimen.
A rarely seen Calcite specimen from the Krushev dol deposit. My source for the material tells me that this specimen came from a one-time find at the locality that produced only a handful of these colorful Calcites. This particular specimen hosts dozens of sharp, lustrous, gemmy, striated, compressed scalenohedra of Calcite which are included with reddish colored Hematite, creating a very desirable effect. It is not often that one sees many minerals from this deposit with such a lovely warm hue like this specimen. The Calcites are sitting on a matrix of golden Pyrite and black Sphalerite crystals. The piece certainly looks good from a few different angles. If you're a Calcite collector, this one is certainly for you, as I'm sure you don't have one like it in your collection.


text:
The rise of the challenge
The first world war of the information age (WW1IA) has been going on for the best part of the early 21st century. The people and organization that rose to power in the industrial age by mastering the prescriptive and centralized model of organization and communication are being challenged by the masses without formal power nor influence as individuals on the system to which they belong. The challenge is emergent and chaotic in nature. The lessons for business strategy are really interesting.
When individuals are empowered as consumers, as citizens, as creators or in any other capacity, the dynamics of the system to which they belong change radically. Each of those now empowered individuals acts as an autonomous agent that is connected to all other agents in a way that makes it possible for the decisions of each of the agents to affect and be affected by those of all other agents. Each of those agents is both a producer and a consumer of information, thoughts, content, music... It is the rise of the prosumer and the advent of a complex adaptive social system whose structure and modus operandi can no longer be determined by "authorities". There are no "authorities". Each individual is an authority whose influence is not determined by job title or position but rather by the share of attention and the following he or she is able to get. To be clear, I don't believe it is possible to manipulate the dynamics of such a system because of its near chaotic nature and because of the transparence that is characteristic of the web. When one of the participants gathers momentum it is the result of his or her ability to create a "strange attractor", a "zone of intense attention" that creates momentum for ideas, creations, causes or positions.
To me it is clear that the Internet is the single most important enabler of that near-chaotic behaviour of social systems, businesses, political parties, national debates and other phenomena involving masses of individuals who are simply given the means to participate. None of these individuals is given more than the opportunity to take part. No positions, no job titles, no perks, no trappings of power, no symbls of authority, no official authorizations... nothing, but the opportunity to make a contribution in a fair way. This is the world of truly equal opportunity. Of course, for incumbent and today's establishment this means war. Here are a few examples:
the French referendum about the European Constitution was a case in point of a debate between experts and empowered masses. Experts, whose arguments for voting yes were extremely limited in number at least insofar as said experts expended the minimal effort required to explain them to the people, and empowered citizens who deeply cared about the implications of the constitution for them and for their vision of their communities. I remember visiting the site of a maths teacher in southern France who had done a magnificent job at commenting specific aspects of the proposed constitution; I did not necessarily approve or like his positions, but I really admired his contribution, his motivation to share an opinion and come out in the open to defend it against "experts who knew better than the rest of us". Again, the Internet was then the primary medium for those who were against the constityution to make themselves heard, when traditional media were not impartial as they should be.
the interventions of the Electronic Frontier Foundation to challenge patents that may hinder innovation is an example of what happens when individuals join forces to create an entity whose power stems exclusively from the support of a large number of empowered individuals who care about digital freedom and reasonable security. Again, it is an emergent structure by its very nature, which acts to balance the actions of powerful and rich corporations willing to put as many sources of value under their exclusive or joint control.
the creation of Linux and the emergence of the Linux community is another example of emergence of networks of empowered (in this case connected and competent) individuals to counter the effects of excessive concentration of market power in the hands of only a couple of powerful established corporations.
the recent decision by Skype to strike an exclusive deal with Intel on unverified technical grounds did a lot of damage to the company's reputation and to speak in lovemark terms it somehow "breaks the hearts" of loyal supporters of the early days. That happens right at the moment when Jajah a formidable challenger is about to be market ready; and Jajah seems to have understood the principles of marketing in a webified world. When individual consumers express an opinion about the products and services of a company, the company had better listen to what the customer has to say, especially when the points are valid. There are countless examples of companies whose attitude was challenged by an emergent network of individuals, and also quite a few example of companies whose image and reputation was built by these networks of empowered individuals (it's called buzz).
Here are my points:
in a connected open world there is no such thing as a poor helpless individual without influence over an issue, so there are basically no excuses for just accepting things the way they are if you are not satisfied with what you are getting. A friend of mine says that there are no people who cannot change: it is that deep inside they don't want to change either because they approve what is going happening to them or because their pain has not reached a threshold yet.
in the Information Age even though information can be manipulated the artificially created image of a situation cannot hold very long: it would have taken decades in the past to discover the lies that led to war in Iraq or the Abu Ghraib prison scandal.
in a society that is near chaotic in nature the elite does not have as much power as in the past to prescribe what a mass of people should think, feel, say or do about an issue.
in a market of empowered networked consumers companies cannot use traditional marketing and public relations approaches to create their image and position. No individual company can fully control its image and managers need to develop skills to go with the flow and still achieve their goals.
in the Information Age, no company can hope to force lock-in on consumers in a violent manner: durable lock-in is achieved by delighting customers; customer have to love the company, its products and its ways.
as long as access to an open public relatively secure peer-to-peer network is secured and resources exist to help individuals acquire the skills to use the power of the network, the forces of emergence will remain active and keep challenging established players
this war between emergence and prescription, between a society made of empowered individuals and a permission-based society, between agile ways and rigid procedure-driven organizations, is in fact a turning point of human civilization. Ultimately it is an excellent thing for incumbents to be challenged. The key question is how to transcend and include all these ways to prepare a world in which the opportunity to choose and choose again is given to all without limitations. That may actually be the single most important step towards durable development.
Labels: Business, Current Affairs, open business, Web/Tech
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text:
UK General Election 2017: the most shocking election in recent history
by	BZ ⒾAM Riger	/ Friday, 09 June 2017	/ Published in Absolute Data
General Election 2017: the most shocking election in recent history
Election results 2017 LIVE: May FINALLY focuses on Brexit as she vows to stay 5 more years
BRITAIN will have a minority government after the Conservatives failed to gain the majority needed, following a night of Labour wins and SNP losses as a defiant Theresa May refuses to resign and gets the backing of the DUP vowing "let's get to work".
By Alix Culbertson, Thomas Hunt, Katie Mansfield and Sofia Petkar
Theresa May's snap election backfires as hung parliament declared
Conservatives to go into a minority government with the backing of the DUP
649 seats out of 650 have been counted
Conservatives have 318 seats, Labour 261, Lib Dems 12, SNP 35, DUP 10, other 13
The Sterling plunged seconds after the exit poll predicting a hung parliement but recovered slightly
Jeremy Corbyn has called for Theresa May's resignation
The SNP suffered a huge blow, losing more than a third of its seats
Indications say highest turn out since 1997
The Tories now have more seats in Scotland than since 1983
Ukip leader Paul Nuttall resigns
Nicola Sturgeon to consider position as leader of SNP after disaster election
Theresa May put Brexit first as she struck a deal with the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) to form a minority government.
A defiant Mrs May ignored calls for her to resign and formed an alliance with the DUP in Northern Ireland.
Mrs May said that despite having lost their majority in the Commons, only the Conservatives had the "legitimacy" to form a Government.
Speaking on the steps of Number 10 she insisted her government "can provide certainty for Brexit" and pledged to take Britain out of the EU.
In light of recent terror attacks in Manchester and London, the Prime Minister vowed to "crack down on the ideology of extremists" as she promised "put fairness and opportunity at the heart of everything we do".
Mrs May's hopes of securing a bigger Commons majority were quashed by a resurgent Labour Party while huge losses for the SNP in Scotland all but ended Nicola Sturgeon's hopes of a second independence referendum.
In an astonishing turn of events that left Britain braced for a hung parliament, with the Conservatives short of an overall majority after losing 12 seats, Mrs May's future as Prime Minister was thrown into doubt, as Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn called for the PM to step down.
Instead Mrs May sought to form a minority government with the support of the DUP in a new alliance.
The announcement came after a shocking night in British politics which saw Labour retain most of the seats the Tories were hoping to snatch, while making significant gains in Scotland.
The SNP lost more than 20 seats in Scotland in the wake of an independence referendum backlash with First Minister Ms Sturgeon saying she will take some time to review the election fuelling speculation she will step down.
Among the big names to lose their seats were former deputy prime minister Nick Clegg, Angus Robertson and Alex Salmond.
Mr Clegg, who was ousted from his Sheffield Hallam constituency by Labour's Jared O'Mara, was praised by Lib Dem leader Tim Farron who desribed him as a "giant among men" as the Lib Dems increased their seats by four.
Ukip failed to win a single Commons seat, forcing leader Paul Nuttall to resign amid hints by Nigel Farage that the MEP is prepared to re-enter British politics.
7pm update: Nigel Farage is expected to decide within the next seven days if he will lead Ukip for the fourth time following a collapse in his party's support at the polls.
The former leader said he was going "to have a think about it" after his successor Paul Nuttall resigned as Ukip leader earlier today.
Mr Farage said he had been "taken a bit by surprise" by Mr Nuttall's decision to quit, saying: "I thought he performed pretty well in difficult circumstances."
5.35pm update: Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson says he is "delighted to be reappointed", adding that there is "lots of great work to do" for the "greatest country on earth".
5.05pm update: Theresa May's top five Cabinet ministers remain in their posts.
Chancellor Philip Hammond, Foreign Secretary Boris Johnson, Home Secretary Amber Rudd, Defence Secretary Michael Fallon and Brexit Secretary David Davis all stay.
Downing Street confirms no further Cabinet appointments will be made today.
4.50pm update: Thursday's General Election has seen 10 more female MPs elected – taking female representation in the Commons to a new high.
There are now 207 women in the Commons – up from 197.
Overall, 32 percent of MPs are women.
4.35pm update: Prime Minister Theresa May admits she wanted a different result, adding: "I am sorry for all those colleagues who lost their seats."
She confirmed that she intends to "form a government in the national interest" adding that she will now "reflect on what we need to do in the future to take the party forward."
4.20pm update: Sources say the Cabinet reshuffle has been moved to tomorrow.
4.10pm update: Sinn Fein President Gerry Adams has said: "This was another momentous election. There is a need for reflection. History shows that British governments betray unionists."
He's been speaking at new Foyle MP Elisha McCallion's victory rally at Free Derry Corner.
Michelle O'Neill, leader of Sinn Fein in Northern Ireland has described this as a "watershed election" for her party, which won seven seats – three more than in 2015.
She pointed out that the unionist representation polled less than 50% of the vote for the first time.
4pm update: Sinn Fein are about to hold an unplanned press conference.
3.45pm update: Reports have emerged that Conservative MPs who lost their seats last night have been contacted by former party leader David Cameron – but not by Mrs May yet.
3.35pm update: UKIP has appointed Steve Crowther as its interim leader, following Paul Nuttall's departure.
Party Chairman Paul Oakden has expressed his sadness at Mr Nuttall's decision to resign, but added that Mr Crowther "will know how best to navigate through these tumultuous weeks."
Following his appointment, Mr Crowther said: "This was always going to be a difficult election. We just didn't know that Mrs May was going to make such an almighty hash of it.
"We expected that the government would cement its mandate to take forward the Brexit negotiations with more confidence and power. Instead, she has done the precise opposite."
3pm update: Amid reports of a reshuffle it is believed Amber Rudd will stay on as Home Secretary.
Mrs Rudd took on a prominent role in the campaign standing in for the Prime Minister during the TV debate.
She won her Hastings constituency by 346 votes after two recounts.
2.45pm update: DUP leader Arlene Foster said the result is "truly humbling".
Reacting to the DUP's new kingmaker role in Westminster she said: "I make no apology that the DUP will always strive for the best deal for Northern Ireland and its people but equally we want the best for all of the UK."
Expanding on Brexit and the terror threat mentioned in Theresa May's speech this afternoon, Ms Foster said the DUP will enter into discussions with the Tories "at this time of great challenge to explore how it may be possible to bring stability to our nation".
2.42pm update: Shadow health secretary Jon Ashworth has joined the calls for Theresa May to resign.
He said: "Theresa May has been proven to be weak, she has been exposed as cack-handed, and she cannot continue as our PM."
2.30pm update: DUP leader and former Northern Ireland First Minister Arlene Foster has been pictured arriving at the Stormont Hotel in Belfast.
Closely-guarded talks between the DUP and the Tories are underway with DUP members quick to set the ground rules.
Gregory Campbell, DUP MP in East Londonderry, said: "Where we can get a good deal and they agree with us, we will vote with them. If they attempt to put something in place that is a bad deal for everybody in Northern Ireland we will oppose it. That remains the case.
"Should it be down to one vote, that remains the case. We are not Northern Ireland Conservatives."
The DUP are fervent supporters of Brexit and hold a hard-line on some social issues, including refusing to budge on liberalising abortion or allowing gay marriage.
The party wants no extension to Northern Ireland's limitations on terminations, which restrict the procedure to when a woman's life is at risk or there is a permanent or serious risk to her mental or physical health.
As it stands, fatal foetal abnormalities, rape and incest are not grounds for an abortion.
Among the key priorities for the unionists will be the vexed issue of the legacy of the Troubles and the idea that army and police veterans who served in Northern Ireland should be protected from prosecution.
Westminster's Defence Committee has already urged a statute of limitations for soldiers on tours since the late 1960s after a number were charged with offences related to the 30-year conflict.
The DUP wants a new public holiday in Northern Ireland to mark its centenary in 2021 and a cut in or abolition of the TV licence fee, as well as reform of the BBC.
It wants to maintain the common travel area between Ireland and the UK and a new start on the issue of contentious parades.
The party said it wants to see continued rises in the national living wage and personal tax allowances and protection of pensions.
The party also floated the idea of abolishing air passenger duty, it wants to make tourism a £1 billion industry in Northern Ireland, increase health and education spending and create an Ulster-Scots Academy.
2.20pm update: Former Italian PM Matteo Renzi said there "are no conditions for a conservative majority."
Mr Renzi, who is hoping to return to power in Italy, said Labour's performance will open a debate on the European left wing.
Weighing in on the collapse of Ukip- the party lost its only Westminster seat last night with leader Paul Nuttall resigning as Nigel Farage fuelling speculation that he may return to the fray.
Mr Renzi said: "As far as "Farage's Ukip, it basically collapsed to 3% and there are predictions that place it even further down. Populism sometimes lasts a couple of elections: it has happened in some countries, in others we will see."
2.15pm update: First candidate for UKIP leader emerges as Paul Nuttall resigns.
MEP Bill Etheridge is the first to throw his hat in the ring.
But he warned he would only consider the leadership if Nigel Farae indicated he was not willing to run.
2.10pm update: Ukip confirm former chairman Steve Crowther has been elected "overwhelmingly" by the national executive committee to lead the party on an interim basis while the election of a permanent leader takes place.
2.08pm update: Scottish Tory leader Ruth Davidson said people expect "the SNP gives Scotland a break" following a gruelling campaign.
The SNP which nearly swept the board in Scotland two years ago, lost heavyweights to a Conservative Party reinvigorated by Ms Davidson.
Those losses included former leader Alex Salmond, who led Scotland in the unsuccessful bid for independence in 2014, and the SNP's top lawmaker in the British Parliament, Angus Robertson.
While the loss of seats pushes the issue of a second referendum onto a back burner for now, opinion polls show about 45 percent of Scottish voters support independence.
Ms Davidson added politicians need to listen to the message from the voters who want parties to work together.
In a powerful speech Ms Davidson said the party seeks to deliver an "open Brexit" as she said she supports Theresa May as PM.
1.45pm update: Theresa May's statement ruffled feathers with former Labour cabinet member Ed Balls saying: "Theresa May's tone deaf, stubborn and bunkered statement in Downing Street will prove the final nail in the coffin of her leadership."
1.30pm update: Donald Tusk, president of the European Council, congratulated Theresa May on her reappointment.
But Mr Tusk seized the opportunity to remind her there is "no time to lose" on BRexit negotiations.
In a letter to Mrs May, he said: |Our shared responsibility and urgent task now is to conduct the negotiations on the UK's withdrawal from the European Union in the best possible spirit, securing the least disruptive outcome for our citizens, businesses and countries after March 2019. The timeframe set by Article 50 of the Treaty leaves us with no time to lose.
"I am fully committed to maintaining regular and close contact at our level to facilitate the work of our negotiators.
"I also look forward to welcoming you to the European Council later this month where we will discuss counter-terrorism, security and defence, trade and the Paris Agreement amongst other issues."
He tweeted: "Congratulations @theresa_may. Our responsibility now is to secure least disruptive #Brexit. No time to lose."
1.23pm update: The arrangement between the Democratic Unionists and Conservatives will not extend beyond a confidence and supply deal, a senior DUP member has said.
Prior to the 2015 election, the DUP ruled out a potential formal coalition with the Conservatives, instead indicating its support would be offered in a confidence and supply arrangement from the opposition benches.
Mr Robinson said: "We have essentially got the result we were campaigning for two years ago.
"It didn't materialise then but we campaigned on the basis of a hung parliament two years ago.
"I think that puts us in a fantastic position to deliver for Northern Ireland."
1.18pm update: Speaking on the steps of Downing Street, Mrs May said that despite having lost their majority in the Commons, only the Conservatives had the "legitimacy" to form a Government.
"What the country needs more than ever is certainty and having secured the largest number of votes and the greatest number of seats in the General Election it is clear that only the Conservative and Unionist party has the legitimacy and ability to provide that certainty by commanding a majority in the House of Commons.
"As we do, we will continue to work with our friends and allies in the Democratic Unionist party in particular.
"Our two parties have enjoyed a strong relationship over many years and this gives me the confidence to believe that we will be able to work together in the interests of the whole United Kingdom.
"This will allow us to come together as a country and channel our energies towards a successful Brexit deal that works for everyone in this country, securing a new partnership with the EU which guarantees our long-term prosperity.
"That's what people voted for last June, that's what we will deliver. Now let's get to work."
1.06pm update: Strong statement from Mrs May on the steps of Downing Street.
She said: "I have just been to see Her Majesty the Queen and I will now form a Government.
"A government that can provide certainty and lead Britain forward at this critical time for our country.
"This Government will guide the country through the crucial Brexit talks that begin in just 10 days and deliver on the will of the British people by taking the United Kingdom out of the European Union.
"It will work to keep our nation safe and secure by delivering the change that I set out following the appalling attacks in Manchester and London.
"Cracking down on the ideology of Islamist extremism and all those who support it and giving the police and the authorities the powers they need to keep our country safe.
"The government I lead will put fairness and opportunity at the heart of everything we do so that we will fulfil the promise of Brexit together and over the next five years build a country in which no one and no community is left behind, a country in which prosperity and opportunity are shared across this United Kingdom."
12.53pm update: The Prime Minister announces she will form a government "having secured largest number of votes and largest number of seats" she said only the Tories and DUP have the ability to deliver a government.
She says the DUP and Tories "will work together for the good of the country".
The defiant Prime Minister finished her statement saying: "Let's get to work."
12.48pm update: Theresa May leaves Buckingham Palace. She will deliver a statement shortly.
12.36pm update: Kensington confirms the count will take place at 6pm after a night of recounts.
Results for the London seat, which was won by the Conservatives in 2015, remained "very close" after the second count.
Returning officer Tony Redpath said: "The provisional result of the election was known at approximately 2am. That result was very close and a recount was therefore requested.
"The result on that recount also remained very close.
"A request for a third count was therefore made. At this stage staff had been up all night and were becoming visibly tired.
"In order to have confidence in its accuracy, the recount has been suspended to allow staff to rest and recuperate."
12.23pm update: Theresa May and her husband Philip have left Number 10 to go to Buckingham Palace.
The Prime Minister will seek permission from the Queen to form a minority government.
Mrs May, who has changed into a blue suit, did not speak to reporters as she left Downing Street in a Government car.
12.15pm update: A downcast Nicola Sturgeon said the SNP will work with other parties to stop the Tories from maintaining power. She added hard Brexit must be abandoned and said "it is no longer to proceed without a coherent plan".
The First Minister called for order in the Brexit negotiations and once again called for the UK to remain in the single market.
When asked if she will abandon plans for a second Scottish independence referendum, the First Minister said she will take time to reflect on the election result fuelling speculation she could step down.
Ms Sturgeon said SNP plans for a second independence referendum were "undoubtedly" a factor in the election result which saw the party lose 21 seats.
12pm update: Lib Dem leader Tim Farron said the Lib Dems "have made progress" after gaining four seats, taking them up to 12 MPs at Westminster.
The party's biggest shock of the night came from former leader Nick Clegg losing his Sheffield Hallam seat.
Mr Farron paid tribute to Mr Clegg saying "he is a giant among men".
He added Mr Clegg showed "steel and determination to do the right thing" and praised his record in Parliament.
Taking a swipe at Theresa May Mr Farron said she had made the country week at a crucial time. He said: "If she has an ounce of self-respect she will resign."
Continuing his offensive, Mr Farron said if the Prime Minister asks the Lib Dems for support "no deal is better than a bad deal. No deals, no coalitions, no pacts."
11.57am update: Pedro Sanchez, the Secretary-General elect of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, congratulated Labour's Jeremy Corbyn on the party's surprising performance.
He said: "Great campaign and excellent result, the British people deserve a government that worries about the majority."
11.55am update: European Commissioner for Economic and Financial Affairs, Pierre Moscovici insisted Brexit negotiations will take place.
He said: "Brexit will be done. The election result will probably change a number of things. There will undoubtedly be an impact on the spirit of the negotiations, on the political point of view, but the negotiations will take place."
He added talks will be held "on a firm, but friendly context".
11.50am update: Labour Brexiteer Kate Hoey held onto her Vauxhall seat. She has been MP for the area since 1989.
Ms Hoey fought a brutal campaign against the Lib Dems. She said: "I am very pleased that the very nasty personal attack by the Lib Dems on me was utterly rejected by the people of Vauxhall. The Lib Dems threw everything at the seat,outspending us by at least 5 to 1 and bringing in every leading Remain campaigner.
"But my result shows that whilst many people in Vauxhall still regret the result of the referendum they do not want another referendum and they want to unite to get the best possible deal for the Uk in negotiations.
"It is so encouraging to see so many young people becoming engaged and many people voting for the first time. Democracy has been strengthened and politics has had a major boost."
11.45am update: A telling reminder that it may be easier to delay the start of Brexit negotiations than the deadline.
Asked if Article 50 negotiations should be extended, European Commission president Jean-Claude Juncker said: Before negotiations can be extended, they first need to start."
11.07am update: More on that statement from German Chancellor Angela Merkel's spokeswoman.
Ulrike Demmer told a government news conference on Friday: "The German government of course followed the election very carefully, as always with such close and important partners, but out of politeness and respect I won't comment on the result while the process of forming a government is going on.
She added the EU is prepared for Brexit negotiations and there were guidelines and a timeframe for them, adding: "Nothing has changed about that … In any case we hope the negotiations can begin quickly because the two-year period is already running and could only be extended unanimously."
11am update: Diane Abbott, who was shadow home secretary until Tuesday after stepping down ue to ill health", held Hackney with an increased majority of more than 35,000.
As the election result unfolded overnight Ms Abbott did not hesitate to mock the Prime Minister.
She tweeted: "Remember this tweet from Theresa May?"
In a tweet that has come back to haunt her, the Prime Minister tweeted on May 20: "If I lose just six seats I will lose this election and Jeremy Corbyn will be sitting down to negotiate with Europe".
10.56am update: Nigel Farage responds to Ukip leader Paul Nuttall's resignation.
He tweeted: "An excellent speech by @paulnuttallukip. Very sorry he is standing down."
10.52am update: A spokesman for Germany's Foreign Ministry warned the clock is ticking when it comes to Brexit talks.
He said the EU is losing time on Brexit negotiations.
But a German government spokeswoman said it will not comment on the outcome of the General Election out of respect and politeness.
10.43am update: Reshuffle alert. Theresa May is set to appoint ministers to Cabinet later today after visiting Buckingham Palace.
10.40am update: European Commission Jean-Claude Juncker warned Brexit has not "become easier" in the wake of the election.
He said: "We are ready to start negotiations. I hope that the British will be able to form as soon as possible, a stable government. I don't think that things now have become easier but we are ready."
10.37am update: Ukip leader Paul Nuttall resigns.
Mr Nuttall failed in his bid to win a Commons seat, finishing a distant third in Brexit heartland Boston and Skegness behind the Tories.
The shock resignation opens the way for Nigel Farage to return to the fold.
Mr Farage said he would have "no choice but to return to frontline politics" if the Brexit he desires is put at risk by a hung parliament.
Announcing his resignation Mr Nuttall said he had left the foundations for the new leader to build on and ensured that the party was "still on the pitch".
He insisted Ukip was "more relevant than ever" and would play the role in the coming months of the "guard dogs of Brexit".
10.28am update: First Minister of Scotland Nicola Sturgeon has spoken out after the SNP lost more than a third of its seats.
Alex Salmond and Angus Robertson were among the high-profile casualties after the SNP lost a crushing 21 seats.
Ms Sturgeon: "Congratulations to all newly elected MPs. Proud that @theSNP won the election in Scotland with more MPs than all other parties combined.
"However, we had bitterly disappointing losses and my heartfelt thanks go to all of our brilliant candidates who were not re-elected.
"We will now reflect carefully on the results and move forward in the best interests of all of Scotland.
"UK wide, we will seek to work with others to halt hard Brexit and bring an end to austerity, where business as usual cannot be an option.
"In the meantime, my thanks to all @theSNP activists for their efforts in securing our second best Westminster result ever."
The possibility of a second Scottish independence referendum was noticeably absent from her statement as critics said her bid for independence is over.
10.25am update: The DUP says there is no need for a formal coalition deal in order to back Mrs May.
Instead there is talk of "confidence and supply" arrangement to ensure the PM has support to stay in Government.
10.21am update: DUP says Theresa May has their backing. Speculation has been rife that the DUP and Tories will form a coalition.
10.11am update: A defiant Theresa May will go to Buckingham Palace at 12.30pm, a Downing Street spokesman confirmed. She is to go to Buckingham Palace later today on the understanding she is in a positon to form a government depending on the 10 votes of the DUP.
10.08am update: Former education secretary Nicky Morgan, who was sacked by Mrs May when she came to power, said the PM should "carry on" and lead the UK into Brexit talks.
"She is entitled as Prime Minister to see if she is able to form a government," Ms Morgan told the BBC.
Asked if she had confidence in Mrs May as Tory leader, she added: "I think Theresa May is absolutely a competent, more than capable Prime Minister and leader of the party.
"But clearly there has been a misjudgment in the way we started off thinking there was going to be a significant win for the Conservative Party, and that hasn't happened and we need to understand why."
9.58am update: Theresa May is expected to make a statement shortly.
9.54am update: Conservatives hold Cornwall North. Just Kensington to declare.


text:
Costapex levis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk, in the family Costellariidae, the ribbed miters.

Distribution
This species occurs in the following locations:
 Papua New Guinea
 Philippines
 Solomon Islands

References

Costellariidae

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: QFrame is not getting drawn under vertical scroll bar Image of QFrame issue:

I am putting a frame around the window and my window is having a scrollbar (vertical scrollbar only).
I have set the QFrame styling as
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and for styling of scrollbar I have used customizing-qscrollbar.
Now I am seeing that there a white line at the bottom of the scrollbar next to the down arrow. The same line is not there above the up arrow of scrollbar.

A: Seems like a corner widget was causing the above issue.
Since i found the fix, i would like to share.
QAbstractScrollArea::corner {
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


In Constance, I loved a bakery and a lake. The bakery was tucked into one of the shopping streets that wind through the old town: the window display of flours with the winning old-fashioned packaging caught my eye on my first afternoon there. On the shelves within were pillowy Quark pretzels and braided meter-long Mohnstollen and Nußstollen, which the women behind the counter would slice to order, revealing melting layers of poppy seeds or coarse walnuts embedded in succulent marzipan. Small packets of dry goods included a grain risotto of barley, lentils, rye and wild rice. Sheets of A4 paper were pinned to the wall and printed in Times Roman 12 type, explaining in plain poetry that their bread was bread: flour, water, salt and nothing else.
I returned there the next morning after I walked around the lake. The tiny cafe in the front was full. Resisting the urge to buy kilograms of spaetzle flour, I took home a cotton bag emblazoned with their royal blue logo and a slice of still-warm chocolate cake for the train ride home.
Kutmühle Villingen, old-fashioned bakery with a small cafe, Wessenbergstr. 23, Konstanz-Altstadt (map). The bakery is one of a tiny chain in Baden-Württemberg.
Luisa, right? So puffy, so ethereal, dusted with powdered sugar.


text:
Sub. H.B. 148*
(As Reported by S. State and Local Government and Veterans Affairs)
Reps. Grendell, Wagner, Wolpert, Daniels, Collier, Walcher, Schlichter, Sferra, McGregor, C. Evans, Flowers, Allen, Aslanides, Buehrer, Calvert, Carano, Carmichael, Cates, Cirelli, Clancy, DeBose, Domenick, Fessler, Gibbs, Gilb, Hagan, Hartnett, Harwood, Hollister, Hughes, Jerse, Key, Latta, Martin, Miller, Niehaus, Olman, Otterman, T. Patton, Perry, Raga, Reidelbach, Schaffer, Schmidt, Seaver, Setzer, D. Stewart, Strahorn, Taylor, Trakas, Yates, Young
· Establishes a minimum amount for a township clerk's bond based upon the township's budget.
· Generally requires the township clerk to personally attend one meeting of the board of township trustees on a quarterly basis.
· Permits the board of township trustees, when township records are not kept at a public facility, to request the clerk on a quarterly basis to provide it with copies of those records for review.
· Authorizes the township clerk to hire one or more assistants.
· Authorizes expansion of township police districts into township-wide districts upon adoption of a resolution by unanimous vote of the board of township trustees and a favorable vote by the electors on a ballot measure pertaining to the expansion.
· Authorizes the board of trustees of a joint ambulance district to establish reasonable user charges for ambulance or emergency medical services.
Township Law changes
The bill makes several changes in Township Law relating to the township clerk, township records, and township police districts.
Township clerk's bond
The office of township clerk is an elected office. Current law requires that, before discharging official duties, the clerk give a bond conditioned for the faithful performance of those duties. The bond must be payable to the board of township trustees and have sureties approved by the board. The board also determines the amount of the bond. (Sec. 507.03.)
The bill establishes a minimum sum for the clerk's bond that is based on a township's budget. A board of township trustees, when determining the bond's amount, must impose a bond of no less than the following amounts (sec. 507.03):
· In a township with a budget of $50,000 or less, $10,000;
· In a township with a budget of more than $50,000 but not more than $100,000, $35,000;
· In a township with a budget of more than $100,000 but not more than $250,000, $60,000;
· In a township with a budget of more than $500,000 but not more than $750,000, $110,000;
· In a township with a budget of more than $750,000 but not more than $1,500,000, $135,000;
· In a township with a budget of more than $1,500,000 but not more than $3,500,000, $160,000;
· In a township with a budget of more than $3,500,000 but not more than $6 million, $195,000;
· In a township with a budget of more than $6 million but not more than $10 million, $220,000;
· In a township with a budget of more than $10 million, $250,000.
Clerk attendance at board meetings
Current law requires a township clerk to keep an accurate record of the proceedings of the board of township trustees at all of its meetings and an accurate record of all of its accounts and transactions (e.g., the acceptance of township officers' bonds). The bill additionally requires the clerk to personally attend at least one meeting of the board during each quarter of every year, unless attendance is prevented by the occurrence of an emergency. (Sec. 507.04(A).)
Township records
As noted above, the township clerk must keep an accurate record of not only the proceedings of all board of township trustees meetings, but also of all the board's accounts and transactions, including the acceptance of the bonds of township officers. The bill requires that in any township where the clerk does not keep the township's records in a public facility, the board may request once every quarter of every year that the clerk provide it with copies of township records for its review. If the board so requests, it must tell the clerk which records it wants copies of by indicating the dates or types of records it is requesting. (Sec. 507.04(B).) (See COMMENT.)
Authorization for township clerk to hire one or more clerk assistants
Under continuing law, when a township clerk is unable to carry out the duties of the office because of illness, entrance into military service, or other incapacity or disqualification, the board of township trustees must appoint a deputy clerk to discharge the duties of the office. The deputy clerk serves for the period the clerk is absent or incapacitated, or until a successor clerk is elected and qualified. The board, by resolution, must adjust and determine the compensation of the clerk and deputy clerk. The total compensation of both cannot exceed, in any one year, the amount of compensation set forth by law for the clerk. (Sec. 507.02--not in the bill.)
Under current law, the board also may employ the number of persons it finds necessary to provide stenographic and clerical assistance to the township clerk or deputy clerk. The bill instead authorizes a township clerk to hire and appoint for the clerk or deputy clerk one or more assistants who are to serve at the pleasure of the clerk or deputy clerk. (Sec. 507.021(A).)
The clerk may delegate to an assistant any of the duties the clerk is otherwise required to perform, but the appointment of assistants under the bill does not relieve the clerk of the responsibility to discharge the duties of the office. An assistant serves to provide assistance to the clerk in performing the duties of the office. (Sec. 507.021(A).)
Under the bill, the compensation of a clerk assistant must be determined by the township clerk, subject to prior approval of the board. It also must be included in the estimate of contemplated expenditures for the clerk's office that is submitted to the board during the existing budgetary process. (Sec. 507.021(B).)
An assistant must give a bond for the faithful discharge of the delegated duties. The bond must be payable to the board, be for the same sum as required under statutory law for the clerk, have sureties approved by the board, and be conditioned for the faithful performance of the delegated duties. The bond must be recorded by the clerk, filed with the county treasurer, and carefully preserved. (Sec. 507.021(C).)
Expansion, by ballot measure, of certain township police districts
Under current law, a township police district may serve all or a portion of the unincorporated territory of a township. If a district serves only a portion and the board of township trustees later wishes to expand the district's territory, current law allows for the expansion of the territorial limits by a resolution of the board adopted at any time 120 days or more after the district has been created and is operative. The resolution must be approved by two-thirds of the board. If that district levied a tax, the tax can be levied on the residents of the proposed expanded territory only after the board additionally adopts a resolution recommending the extension of the tax to the proposed expanded territory and the electors of that territory approve the tax; if the electors of that territory do not approve the tax, the expansion of the territorial limits also does not occur. (Sec. 505.48.)
The bill authorizes an alternative method for achieving expansion if the expansion will encompass the entire unincorporated territory of the township. In that situation, the board must adopt a resolution by unanimous vote to place the issue of expansion on the ballot for the electors of the entire unincorporated territory of the township. The resolution must state whether the proposed township police district initially will hire its own personnel as authorized by continuing law or contract for the provision of police protection services or additional police protection services as provided by continuing law. (Secs. 505.48(A), 505.482(A), and 505.50; secs. 505.43 and 505.49--not in the bill.)
The ballot measure must provide for the addition of all of the unincorporated territory of the township not already included in the township police district and for the levy of any tax then imposed by the district throughout that unincorporated territory. The measure must state the rate of any such tax to be imposed in the district resulting from approval of the measure; that rate need not be the same rate as that imposed by the existing district. And, the measure also must state the last year in which any such tax will be levied or that it will be levied for a continuous period of time. (Sec. 505.482(A) and (B).)
If the measure is approved, the previous township police district ceases to exist, and a new district, with a separate and distinct name from the previous district, is created. (Sec. 505.482(B).)
User charges for joint ambulance district services
The bill authorizes a board of trustees of a joint ambulance district to establish reasonable charges for the use of ambulance or emergency medical services. The board may establish different charges for district residents and nonresidents, and, in its discretion, may waive all or part of the charge for any district resident. The charge for nonresidents must be an amount that is not less than the authorized Medicare reimbursement rate, except that, if before the bill's effective date, the board had different charges for residents and nonresidents and the charge for nonresidents was less than that authorized rate, the board may charge nonresidents less than that authorized rate. (Sec. 505.721.)
The charges collected under the bill must be kept in a separate fund designated as the ambulance and emergency medical services fund, and must be appropriated and administered by the board. The moneys in the fund must be used for the payment of the costs of the management, maintenance, and operation of ambulance and emergency medical services in the district. If those services are discontinued in the district, any balance remaining in the fund must be allocated in amounts proportionate to the percentage of the district's total population served and be paid accordingly into the general funds of the participating political subdivisions. (Sec. 505.721.)
The bill states that its "Township records" provisions do not diminish the right of any trustee to inspect township records following the procedures in the Public Records Law. That law generally requires that any public record be promptly prepared and made available for inspection to any person at all reasonable times during regular business hours. And, it also requires that public offices maintain public records in a manner that they can be made available for such inspection. (Sec. 507.04(B); sec. 149.43(B)--not in the bill.)
The Attorney General, in construing the Public Records Law and the rights of township trustees to inspect records kept by a township clerk, noted "that the right of the township trustees to inspect the township books is at least as great as that of the general public and that, at a minimum, the books must be maintained in such a manner that they can be made available for inspection by the trustees in accordance with R.C. 149.43(B)." 1986 Op. Att'y Gen. No. 86-057. See generally State ex rel. Beacon Journal Pub. Co. v. Andrews (1976), 48 Ohio St.2d 283, 289 (an official who has charge of public records "is under a statutory duty to organize his office and employ his staff in such a way that his office will be able to make . . . [the] records available for inspection and to provide copies when requested within a reasonable time. This is the public's business, not the . . . [official's] private record").
The bill's authorization for township trustees to request records quarterly and its requirement for that request to include specified information is more limiting than the Public Records Law.
Reported, H. County &
Township Government
Passed House (90-0)
12-03-03 pp. 1250-1251
Reported, S. State & Local
Gov't & Veterans Affairs
* This analysis was prepared before the report of the Senate State and Local Government and Veterans Affairs Committee appeared in the Senate Journal. Note that the list of co-sponsors and the legislative history may be incomplete.


Go for a bike tour with Rustine School for a fantastic experience of the local area. With different routes for different levels of ability including family friendly tours, there is something to suit everyone. Visit local attractions including the waterfall, local animals and even stop off for a swim in the lake! Enjoy refreshments at Restaurant Flame and take the lift back to Avoriaz with an optional pick up and drive for the last stretch. Don't forget your camera – the views are amazing!


This F3, 32bit flight controller and accompanying firmware were designed and built with simplicity in mind. Both creations strive to be as minimalist as possible, thus providing the user with one of the quickest configurations/setups prior to getting their multi-rotor airborne. The flight controller's firmware is custom made by Felix Niessen,titled "KISS FW". The KISS Firmware features Felix's custom "KISS PID Controller" and a fixed loop-time of 980Hz.


This exciting arrangement of the first movement Mendelssohn's famous Violin Concerto is sure to bring some Romantic-era flair into your ensemble! The main theme is punctuated by mallets in the bass and lively sixteenth notes in the treble. The middle section presents a beautiful major-key theme on handchimes before returning to minor for a roaring-drive to the cadence. This piece is fun and faithfully captures the energy of a classical masterwork in an accessible arrangement for 3-5 oct. handbell ensemble.


text:
Farm Bill; Budget; Ag Economy; and, Trade
Categories: Agricultural Economy /Budget /Farm Bill /Trade
Farm Bill, Policy Issues
Daniel Looker reported yesterday at Agriculture Online that, "Senator Chuck Grassley (R-IA), a member of the Senate Agriculture Committee, told reporters Tuesday that leaders of the committee remain optimistic about a new farm bill being passed in the current lame-duck session of Congress, which will resume after this week's Thanksgiving break.
"Grassley said that he talked to the committee's chairwoman, Senator Debbie Stabenow (D-MI), about the farm bill recently on the floor of the Senate.
"'She said she thinks we have a good chance of getting it passed,' Grassley said."
Mr. Looker noted that, "[Sen. Grassley] added that the committee's ranking Republican, Senator Pat Roberts of Kansas, is 'enthusiastic' about putting pressure on the House to pass a bill, which still hasn't come up for a vote in that chamber of Congress.
"Grassley said that it's possible that a farm bill would be included as part of any legislation passed next month to avoid the so-called fiscal cliff. But he said his gut feeling is that 'if we pass either an extension or a farm bill, it's probably going to be done separately.'"
A news release yesterday from Sen. Tim Johnson quoted the South Dakota Democrat as saying, "My Senate colleagues and I have passed a bipartisan farm bill that would create certainty for South Dakota's producers, and the House has yet to bring a farm bill to a vote. We only have a few short weeks before the end of the year. South Dakota producers and I are again calling on the House to bring this critically important bill to the floor for a vote."
Meanwhile, Christina Calloway reported recently at The Portales News-Tribune (N.M.) Online that, "After four years of massive blows to the New Mexico Dairy industry that closed nearly 40 dairies, experts are saying the passing of the U.S. Farm Bill could provide hope for recovery."
The article noted that, "[New Mexico State University Extension Dairy Specialist Robert Hagevoort] said the industry is now hoping for a new farm bill to do away with old price support systems.
"'The new farm bill proposes what is called a margin insurance program, very similar to what other commodities already have,' Hagevoort said. 'It's a producer-paid insurance program that the government would regulate. It makes sure that if margins are upside down, insurance will pay out.'
"Beverly Idsinga, executive director of the Dairy Producers of New Mexico, said her organization supports the farm bill.
"'It needs to be passed because it will help out producers,' Idsinga said. 'We are in a crisis.'"
Earlier this week, Patton- Boggs updated its 2012 post-election brief, which indicated in part that: "With Democrats retaining control of the Senate, Senator Debbie Stabenow remains Chairwoman and Senator Pat Roberts had expected to continue as the Ranking Member. However, Senator Thad Cochran (R-MS), who under term limits established by the Republican Conference, is required to relinquish his position as Ranking Member of the Senate Appropriations Committee, has signaled his intent to challenge Senator Roberts for the position of Ranking Member of the Agriculture Committee.
"If Cochran decides to challenge Roberts, the Republicans on the Committee would first vote on who should be Ranking Member, a decision that could then be appealed to the full Republican Conference. Considering the differing perspectives on agriculture policy held by midwestern Senators such as Roberts, and southern Senators like Cochran, the decision as to who will be Ranking Member is bound to impact the direction of taken by the Senate with respect to reauthorization of the Farm Bill" (at page 13).
The report added that, "In terms of the Renewable Fuel Standard, we expect House committees to start holding hearings on this issue given Members' concerns with high commodity prices, how the mandate regulates the market, and the problems refiners are confronting to comply with EPA regulations. We also expect the Senate to address the ethanol mandate, particularly in the Energy and Natural Resources Committee most likely chaired by Senator Ron Wyden (D-OR). Most likely, the House will move first on this issue" (at page 12).
And, Ramsey Cox reported yesterday at The Hill's Energy Blog that, "Montana Sens. Max Baucus (D) and Jon Tester (D) told Senate leadership that they don't want programs reducing military use of foreign oil to be harmed in the National Defense Authorization Act."
Meanwhile, Elizabeth Flock reported yesterday at U.S. News Online that, "More Americans will use food stamps to buy their Thanksgiving dinner this year than ever before, according to a new report from the nonprofit government watchdog group The Sunlight Foundation."
Ms. Flock pointed out that, "This Thanksgiving, 42.2 million Americans will be on food stamps, according to the Economic Policy Institute. This is roughly the size of the populations of California and Connecticut combined.
"Not surprisingly, feeding millions of Americans isn't cheap. The cost of the SNAP program last year reached $72 billion, the highest to date, according to the Congressional Budget Office."
David Rogers reported yesterday at Politico that, "The share of food stamp benefits going to American households with gross incomes over 130 percent of poverty has more than doubled in the past four years, according to the most recent data compiled by the Agriculture Department and released Tuesday.
"The 130 percent cap — about $28,680 for a family of four in recent years — dates back to the early 1980s. But it has been increasingly ignored by cash-strapped governors trying to help working-class households in hard economic times."
Mr. Rogers explained that, "The House Agriculture Committee leadership, trying to achieve real savings while protecting the core food stamp program, proposed a bipartisan plan last summer that would have set new national standards to replace the patchwork quilt that has developed in recent years.
"Included was a Texas-style change in the outdated 1980s SNAP asset test to allow families to keep some cash savings and also own a car to get to work. But the proposed gross income cap, 140 percent of poverty, was judged too high for some conservatives even though it was lower than current policy in 26 states including Texas."
Yesterday's article added that, "Minnesota Rep. Collin Peterson, the ranking Democrat on the House Agriculture panel and its former chairman, has signaled a willingness to look at a compromise that would come down a notch to 135 percent of poverty. Peterson has also argued that for efficiency's sake the government should end the practice of paying a minimum food stamp benefit — about $16 a month — to persons who don't qualify for more aid.
"The new report indicates that more than a million individuals received this minimum benefit in 2011. Peterson would argue it is too small to make a real difference in people's lives and a needless administrative cost for the government."
A recent update at the Food Research and Action Center Online stated that, "Congress reconvenes on November 26 for the Lame Duck session. Budget negotiations will begin in earnest and it is expected that the Farm Bill will be included in any 'grand bargain.' We must get Members to support SNAP by weighing in with House and Senate leadership and the White House insisting that any grand bargain not increase hunger and poverty in this country."
In other developments, an update yesterday from National Crop Insurance Services stated that, "As the claims come in from one of the worst droughts in decades, farmers and ranchers across the country are receiving indemnity payments for the losses they have incurred. To date, more than $5 billion has been sent to farmers. And while crop insurance can be purchased to protect 128 different crops, the top five crops that suffered the most damage from the 2012 drought are corn, wheat, cotton, soybeans and grain sorghum."
Also yesterday, Mateusz Perkowski reported yesterday at the Capital Press Online that, "The USDA should study launching a crop insurance pilot program for farmers harmed by cross-pollination from transgenic crops, according to a committee advising the agency.
"A panel of experts assembled by USDA last year recommended the agency should first study the extent of economic losses to determine whether such a compensation mechanism is even necessary.
"A final report issued by the USDA Advisory Committee on Biotechnology and 21st Century notes that its members had reservations about the proposal."
A news release yesterday from the American Farm Bureau Federation (AFBF) stated that, "The [AFBF] is pleased with the outcome of a year-long discussion of the Agriculture Department's Advisory Committee on Biotechnology and 21st Century Agriculture on ways to promote coexistence in agriculture. The AC21 presented its report to Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack to be used as guidance to enhance working relationships among farmers growing different types of crops, specifically biotech and non-biotech crops.
"In 2011, Vilsack tasked the AC21 with providing recommendations for strengthening coexistence among various agricultural production methods. American Farm Bureau Federation Vice President Barry Bushue, a member of the AC21, said the report's recommendations could benefit all of agriculture."
And, Erica Martinson reported yesterday at Politico that, "EPA officials say the agency wasn't trying to hide anything by giving Administrator Lisa Jackson a secondary email address to use when corresponding with other government officials.
"But the name she chose to use — 'Richard Windsor' — has triggered an inadvertent ruckus for an agency already under fire from conservatives."
The article noted that, "The name came from that of a family dog when Jackson lived in East Windsor Township, N.J., an EPA official said Tuesday.
"The seemingly cryptic name has spawned a host of accusatory news reports and questions from lawmakers in recent days, all of them implying that Jackson was trying to dodge congressional oversight and public records laws by using a 'private' email account under a fake name."
Jake Sherman, John Bresnahan and Carrie Budoff Brown reported yesterday at Politico that, "The opening round of negotiations this week between White House and senior GOP congressional staffers left both sides pessimistic about their ability to reach a quick deal on averting the fiscal cliff, according to sources familiar with the talks.
"Hill Democrats say Republicans aren't serious about crafting a deal that President Barack Obama can accept. The GOP's opening offer, the sources said, would freeze the Bush-era tax rates, change the inflation calculator for entitlement programs, keep the estate tax at 2012 levels and authorize a major overhaul of the Tax Code — although they did not provide a revenue target.
"The behind-the-scenes clash in negotiations stands in contrast to the more conciliatory rhetoric both sides have used in public statements, casting doubt on the coming four weeks of talks before Christmas."
The article added that, "But taxes are not the only thing being lumped into discussions on the so-called fiscal cliff. Unemployment benefits expire, as does the payroll tax holiday and the reimbursement rate for doctors who treat Medicare patients. Automatic cuts to the Pentagon and other domestic programs take hold at the beginning of 2013. Republicans want to delay the first year of automatic cuts.
"Then there's the debt ceiling, which is increasingly creeping into the year-end discussion."
Carol E. Lee and Janet Hook reported yesterday at The Wall Street Journal Online that, "In private meetings, White House and House Republican staff have been reviewing deficit-reduction proposals and discussing what ideas could be applied to either a short-term agreement that would likely translate into savings next year, or to a broader deal that would set targets for lawmakers in 2013 to overhaul spending and taxes over the longer term.
"Indicating the slow pace, aides are careful to point out that they aren't making decisions on what would be included in or excluded from a deal. Rather, they are sifting options for their bosses."
Also, Alexander Bolton reported yesterday at The Hill Online that, "Senate Finance Committee Chairman Max Baucus [Ag. Comm. Member], who watched President Obama and congressional leaders bypass his panel several times, wants a seat at the table for talks about the 'fiscal cliff.'"
And, Peter Schroeder reported yesterday at The Hill's On the Money Blog that, "Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke implored Washington policymakers Tuesday to get the nation's fiscal house in order for the good of the economy.
"The head of the nation's central bank used a high-profile speech to outline a 'must-do' list for Congress and the White House in the comings months: avoid the 'fiscal cliff,' raise the debt ceiling and come up with a long-term plan to bring down the deficit. Finally, Bernanke said it's important do so with as little drama as possible."
Agricultural Economy
Bloomberg writers Jeff Wilson and Elizabeth Campbell reported yesterday that, "Even after the worst drought in a half century shriveled crops from Ohio to Nebraska, U.S. farmers are having their most-profitable year ever because of record- high prices and insurance claims…'Crop insurance was a savior this year,' said Kyle Wendland, 29, whose corn yields plunged 36 percent and soybean output dropped 11 percent on the 1,030 acres he farms near Fredericksburg, Iowa."
The article noted that, "Livestock producers are also paying higher feed costs. Hog farmers that didn't hedge lost about $54 on each animal sold for slaughter in September, from a year-earlier loss of $2.65, according to data from Iowa State. Smithfield Foods, the largest U.S. pork producer, said Sept. 4 that net income fell 25 percent in the quarter ended July 29."
Also yesterday, University of Illinois Agricultural Economist Gary Schnitkey penned a brief update at the farmdoc daily Blog titled, "2013 Net Farm Income Projections."
An update earlier this week at the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations noted that, "Global rice production for 2012 is forecast to outpace consumption in 2012/13, resulting in an upward revision of 5 million tonnes in 2013 closing inventories, according to a new forecast by FAO's Rice Market Monitor (RMM) issued today.
"'Compared to last year, world rice carryover stocks are expected to rise by 7 percent, or 10 million tonnes, to a new high of almost 170 tonnes, marking the eighth consecutive year of stock accumulation,' says the RMM. 'As a result, the world rice stock-to-use ratio is forecast to rise from 33.6 percent in 2012 to 35.5 percent in 2013.'"
A news update yesterday from Rep. Ron Kind (D., Wis.) stated that, "[Rep. Kind], Chair of the New Democrat Coalition and member of the House Ways and Means Committee, and Tim Walz (D-MN), member of the House Agriculture Committee, today sent a letter to U.S. Trade Representative Ambassador Ron Kirk and U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Tom Vilsack urging them to make full use of all of the World Trade Organization's tools to address issues that have continued to prohibit U.S. dairy exports from having fair access to the Russian market."
Vicki Needham reported yesterday at The Hill's On the Money Blog that, "World leaders are aiming to complete an Asia-Pacific trade agreement within the next year.
"President Obama, who is wrapping up a three-country swing to Cambodia, Thailand and Myanmar, met with leaders from Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) countries and concluded that the trade deal should be done in 2013, according to several news reports.
"Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard said Tuesday that the aim is October 2013 for the 11 countries involved in the ongoing negotiations of the trade deal to complete an agreement."
Lastly today, Joshua Miller reported yesterday at Roll Call Online that, "The campaign of Rep. Mike McIntyre, D-N.C. [Ag. Comm.], begrudgingly accepted a recount of the vote in the 7th Congressional District but slammed Republican David Rouzer for requesting one. McIntyre currently leads the state senator by 655 votes.
"McIntyre campaign manager Lachlan McIntosh said Rouzer's request is hypocritical because he supports fiscal responsibility and is 'asking taxpayers to pay for his pursuit of his own personal political ambition.'"


I samband med (X)sites 2018, Kattegattleden, bjöds konstnärer in för att relatera till en annan konstnärs verk på plats. Min performance, "Japonica Fallopia", tog sin inspiration från Muhammad Alis verk "hidden in a chest" och platsen, Kulla Gunnarstorp. Ali skriver till sitt verk om mänsklig inverkan i naturen och om hur naturen är starkare än människan, hur den kommer fortsätta existera med eller utan oss. Mitt verk handlar om parkslide, (fallopia japonica), en invasiv växt som ursprungligen togs in i de europeiska trädgårdarna från Japan.
Performancen varade ca. 80 minuter och var uppbyggd som en berättelse/promenad.
In connection to (X)sites 2018, Kattegattleden, artists were invited to relate to another artists work at site. My performance "Japonica Fallopia", was inspired from Muhammad Ali's piece "hidden in a chest" and the actual geographic site where it was placed, Kulla Gunnarstorp. Ali writes about his piece "hidden in a chest" about the human impact into nature and about how nature is stronger than the human species and how it will continue with or without us. My work is about Japanese knotweed, (fallopia japonica), an invasive plant that was once brought to Europe from Japan. It was once a highly valued and rare garden plant but now it is extremely difficult and expensive to eradicate. It was just settling in to well here.
Different aspects depending on who speaks; invasive or the savior for humanity? A plant whose rhizome seeks its way to the core of capitalism but who also can penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Economy and herbalism.
The duration of the performance was around 80 minutes and had the form of a walk/lecture/story.


For Yeo Valley Events, search engine performance is a big deal. More visitors means more bookings. But only if the website reflects the fun, different feel of the Yeo Valley brand.
Working collaboratively with our SEO partners, we designed a website that was loved by search engine robots and human beings alike.
The Yeo Valley brand provides endless opportunities to get creative – but we knew just how important it was that design didn't get in the way.
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What a year for Web professionals!
Let's take a look back at the most popular posts (as defined by our readers, of course) made available here at WebsiteMagazine.com over the past year by our talented staff of editors and contributors.
As you can see in the list below, Website Magazine readers' interests range from Web design and backend optimization to social and SEO (and as you might imagine a whole lot more). While we've only included 25 here, keep in mind that there are hundreds of other posts and article that deserve (if not demand) your attention - both online and in the print magazine.
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