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Also by Billy Roper:
'Commonwealth'
Illustrations by Michael Sheehan . This rollicking, tension-filled alternate history steampunk adventure novel features romance, adventure, espionage, and suspense in a deeply researched, tightly wound narrative following two star-crossed lovers across an eerily familiar landscape, right next door to our own universe. Imagine an America where slavery never happened. Where we are free of that indelible besmirchment on our national character. Oh, and we're still British. Welcome to the Commonwealth.
'General Population'
Called "the politically incorrect, drunken love child of Stephen King and Alfred Hitchcock" by one reviewer, "General Population" tells the intriguing story of Max Aught, a young prisoner locked in a brutally corrupt prison for attempting to kill the child molester who raped his little sister. As society begins to unravel and collapse on the outside, those locked up may be the best hope for our future-if only they can survive to regain their freedom. Containing anecdotal stories and input from over two dozen currently incarcerated contributors, "General Population" is grimly realistic in its depictions of the best and worst of humanity, on both sides of the wire.
'Deja Vu' (1st and 2nd editions)
What if time travel was possible?
Have you ever wished that you could just start over, and do things better, this time around? That is the feeling haunting a team of NASA scientists marooned on the moon in 2038 when their lunar base is cut off from Earth by a global economic and grid collapse. Faced with eventual starvation and death like so many billions below them on a planet where those who created civilization have become too small of a dwindling minority to sustain it, they face some hard decisions about their future. Necessity being the mother of invention, it leads them to even harder decisions about their past.Deja Vu is that feeling that something that is happening or is about to happen has already been experienced before. What if time travel, backwards only, was possible? What if changes engineered from the future left small moments of ghost memory where the past had been overwritten, like recording over an old fashioned audiotape? We might call that ghost memory of overlap, Deja Vu.
'Remnants'
'Blade Runner' meets 'Idiocracy' in this dystopian view of a future where political correctness has come full circle to bite its own tail. Hard science fiction, romance, and post-apocalyptic adventure fans will love this controversial book with its many twists and turns along the way to a stunning and climactic finish. Fast forward half a millennium. You'll want to rewind and make sure this story never comes true. Not for the faint of heart or dim of vision. 'Remnants' will shake you up!
'The Fifth Horseman'
'The Fifth Horseman' is a post-apocalyptic fiction novel set in the near future in Northern Arkansas; after an economic collapse, EMP attack, and limited nuclear war bring racial civil warfare and the collapse of society to America. The name used to refer to the fall of civilization within this universe is 'The Balk', shorthand for 'Balkanization'. Tens of millions have died of starvation and disease and war. The rest divide their loyalties into neo-feudal city-states and their territories, struggling for control over the few resources that remain. One man may be able to unite them all. After war, famine, pestilence, and death, he is, The Fifth Horseman. If you liked Clint Eastwood in 'Pale Rider' and Kevin Costner in 'The Postman', you're going to love the movie adaptation of this book, too!
'The Hasten The Day Trilogy'
Here, for the very first time, are the award-winning and highly acclaimed Balkanization trilogy by Billy Roper: 'Hasten The Day', 'Waiting For The Sun', and 'Wasting The Dawn', published together in a single anthology. Included in this newly revised, edited, and updated collection is all new material, including previously deleted scenes and an alternate ending to this rollicking post-apocalyptic adventure series.
'The Balk: What it means, and what it means for America's future.'
Demographic statistics and shifting Census data indicate that growing political polarization, racial tensions, and the element of change in America's culture and society brought on by both legal and illegal immigration are all leading towards the Balkanization of America. Looting and riots. Culture Wars. A looming minority majority. What will this mean for your future, and for our nation? This nonfiction book will help you get your head around what is coming, and prepare you to survive the collapse and breakup of the United States! This is the book that Thomas Chittum would write today, if he wasn't so politically correct. Written by Billy Roper with an introduction by Gregory Kay.
'Look Away: an alternate history of the Civil War'
In 'Look Away, an alternate history of the Civil War', history hangs by a thread. A single moment can create ripples which change everything. What if Mary Todd Lincoln had a bad night's rest? A harsher Emancipation Proclamation causes slave revolts, reprisals, and a different end to the South's invasion of Pennsylvania. Intervention by European powers on both sides of the conflict transform the American Civil War into The Great War, with global repercussions for everyone involved!
'The Ice Path: A Way Forward'
In 'The Ice Path', the best-selling fiction author in the White Nationalist movement deftly interweaves a prehistorical and historical fiction narrative with an autobiographical testimony and nonfiction 'Rules For Racialists' guide to becoming a person of influence within the pro-White movement. From the Solutreans, the White Europeans who discovered North America 17,000 years ago, many millenia before the Asiatic Mongoloid ancestors of the 'Native Americans', to the Viking explorers, English colonists, and American pioneers, the past, present and future of our people are explored within the framework of a destiny surpassing all others. The qualities, nature, and purpose of leadership are explored, and the reader will explore their own calling and destiny as one of tomorrow's leaders, today. "Bone chilling adventure for the politically incorrect!" "Once you realize how you've been lied to, Roper explains why, and then tells you what you can do about it!" "This book makes you feel like you're getting to know the leaders of the White Nationalist movement, when you're really getting to know yourself…" "Where we came from, and where we're going, along with how to get there…"
'Glome's Saga'
It's a thousand years ago. Guess who's coming to dinner? This first person narrative historical fiction novel is inspired by Erik The Red's Saga and the Greenlander's Saga, as well as similar old Norse tales, and the Heavener runestone(s) in Oklahoma. Follow Glome's life struggle in his own words as he travels from early 11th century Norway to England, Ireland, Iceland, Greenland, and North America. This rollicking Viking adventure about the Norse exploration and attempted colonization of the new land is filled with action, intrigue, and drama, as well as the dark humor typical of the age.
'PaleoAmerican Ethnic Diversity'
Originally published in 1999 as a ground-breaking Master's Thesis in completion of the author's Masters of Liberal Arts degree in History with a specialty in Anthropology, this work outlines the mythical, linguistic, cultural, and archaeological evidence supporting the theory that ancient Europeans were present in North America 10,000 years ago, if not earlier.
'Hasten The Day'
It's this time, next year. Hyperinflation, the collapse of the dollar, and economic depression have America on the ropes, when uncontrolled illegal immigration delivers a sucker punch to the glass jaw of multiracial democracy. Race riots and secessions lead to ethnic cleansing and Balkanization. 'Hasten The Day' chronicles the first year after the breakup of the United States into several independent nations. If you believe that what cannot fly must fall, you won't want to miss reading "Hasten The Day"!
'Waiting For The Sun: Hasten The Day, Part II'
'Waiting for The Sun' is the sequel to 'Hasten The Day'. Five years after the collapse and breakup of the United States of America, new nations arise and compete amid the ruins of a superpower.
'Wasting The Dawn: Hasten The Day, Part III'
The third and conclusive installment in the highly acclaimed 'Hasten The Day' trilogy, 'Wasting The Dawn' continues the dystopian speculative fiction saga began in the award-winning 'Hasten The Day' and its' sequel, the popular 'Waiting For The Sun', both also by Billy Roper. After economic collapse and civil war lead to the breakup of the United States, global chaos ensues. Eighty percent of the world's population lies dead. In the aftermath, the familiar characters from the first two novels meet their ultimate destinies, and the next generation of successors emerge from the ashes of America to compete and determine the fate of the world, and mankind.
'EthnoState: The Best of The ShieldWall Network and The Roper Report' (The Balk) (Volume 2)
Following up on his controversial yet blockbuster book 'The Balk', Billy Roper updates the demographic and sociopolitical manifestation of the ongoing polarization and division of the United States. The coming breakup of America, or 'balkanization', is accelerating. Once you read this compendium of articles and essays from different sources and absorb their implications, you will agree, and be ready to prepare for the future. e-book. E-mail roper_billy@yahoo.com to order.
'The Big Picture'
Encompassing the collective wisdom of the human species throughout history in one easily accessible, portable volume, 'The Big Picture' has been called "the handbook of the Alt Right". This literary mini-encyclopedia, a veritable written internet, anthologizes clickable interfaces in brilliant black and white colors. Also serves as a convenient snack mat or coaster! Banned for possession in Israel and several of its client states even before publication, this nonfiction philosophical treatise was written with those who like to read and think in mind. Are you tired of stumbling around blindly, in an ignorant haze, perplexed by the world around you? What if there was a book that could make sense of your apparently meaningless existence? Are you searching for a reason to live? Do you have the money to purchase 'The Big Picture'? If so, then this is the book for you! Thousands of brilliant and essential words, many of them arranged in coherent, complete sentences in paragraph form, for page after page, chapter after chapter! Never before published in this order; well, the chapters and pages perhaps, but not the words. Turn it over, look admiringly at the cover, and you'll be amazed by 'The Big Picture'! Even MORE inside. e-book. E-mail roper_billy@yahoo.com to order.
The Heirs of Tomorrow
A collection of nine fictional short stories about life in the United States following the coming civil war and balkanization of America. 227 pages, e-book. E-mail roper_billy@yahoo.com to order.
Available as e-book or print paperback editions through Amazon.com, Barnes & Noble, Books-A-Million, and other fine book retailers.


In special reports, this week's files cover: Secretary of State Cordell Hull Saw Aliens, Aliens May Live on Space Ships, Texas Humanoid, Angles and Demons Spiritual Natural Selection, and Sun Erupts with 3rd Huge Solar Flare in 2 Days.
Unidentified Aerial Phenomena sightings were reported over: Arizona, Alabama, California, Florida, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Nevada, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, South Dakota, Pennsylvania, and Washington. Sightings of UFOs were also reported in: Australia, Belgium, Canada, Italy, Mexico, Nicaragua, Romania, South Africa, and England in the United Kingdom.
Washington D.C. — William E. Jones Ohio MUFON reports, "This information has recently been given to researchers by descendants of Secretary of State Cordell Hull who was the longest serving Secretary of State. He held the position for 11 years (1933–1944) in the administration of President Franklin Roosevelt and during much of World War II. Hull received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1945 for his role in establishing the United Nations, and was referred to by President Roosevelt as the "Father of the United Nations".
He told his family he saw four large glass-like jars holding four creatures and a wrecked round craft of some kind being kept in a subbasement in the US Capitol building in 1939. He described the creatures as less than four feet tall and the object as being silvery metallic in nature. The object appeared to have been taken apart in pieces. The color of the material was of a color that he had never seen before, but for the lack of a better word he used "silver".
It seems to indicate that the US Government had already recovered crashed "aliens" before 1947. There are other reports from other countries such as Italy indicating that such recoveries had been made in the 1930's and early 40's.
The late Sam Sherman the president of Independent International Pictures writes, "Where do Aliens come from? When interviewed for my still-unreleased film- "Beyond This Earth".
Astronaut Col. Gordon Cooper spoke about one reported instance where: "Aliens were living on their ships, as they had lost their sun in their own solar system". A possible hypothesis may be that some ET groups live on large ships or space platforms, as has been reported, not on planetary bodies, and these huge craft loop in and around our planet. Further they send out smaller scout craft for missions to Earth to obtain entertainment, food, water, and minerals. They may have traveled great distances here over decades for hundreds of years and their huge ships serve as replacement for planets. Thanks to Sam Sherman.
Editor's Notes: With Earth's population growing so quickly NASA seriously considered developing a city in space. The concept and artist's drawing is contained in Ernest Jahn's and Margaret Sachs book "Celestial Passengers UFO's and Space Travel." A space colony habitat was designed by NASA Ames Research Center to carry several hundred thousand people.
Earth there are dangers in the form of earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, and tornadoes. If aliens were living not too far from Earth in space they may have a short ride to visit us. The dark eyes often described by abductees may be permanent eyeglasses to protect sensitive eyes from the glare of our powerful sun or the bright light created by their propulsion systems.
It happens there are five places in space (L-1 thru L-5) known as Lagrangian Libration Points where a space ship can stay with little if any energy needed. L-4 and L-5 are particularly well balanced where the gravitational and centrifugal forces of the Earth and Moon cancel each other out. Any object within one of these roughly spherical areas would remain orbiting around the Earth just as our Moon does.
This is roughly a 60 degree angle in front and behind the moon essentially along its orbital path. Astronomers may wish to examine that portion of the sky to see if any small moonlets or space ships are orbiting our Earth.
The possible alien who looked like this photo came closer to Adams as he stood at the driver's side door, walking in long steps. "I need a ride," the humanoid said, the force in his voice striking Adams like something physical. "It scared me to death," Adams said, "I said, 'what?' And he said, 'give me a ride.' Then Adams saw what frightened him.
Paranormal researcher Joshua P. Warren writes, "If we strip away all the noise, and look at life from the most objective and clinical point of view, all living things consume energy." Each breath of air you take, or sip of liquid, each gulp of food; every time you push a gas pedal or turn a switch on, you are consuming energy. Therefore, we shall use this as a guideline for how all living things could, or can, exist.
Since angels and demons are living things. We know that natural selection exists. We can watch it happening every day. The reason we must constantly update vaccines is that harmful germs continue to strengthen. The few strong ones that are able to fend off a vaccine survive to pass along their strong genes, eventually creating a stronger generation of germs. The new vaccines must be formed to combat their evolution. This same on-going struggle is seen between insects that devour crops, and the insecticides used to keep them at bay. And the process works even more simply with obvious traits. There are few dark-colored creatures in snowy regions because they stand out more against the background, making themselves easily-targeted prey for predators. Therefore, their genes do not get passed along. In the world of rational thinkers, natural selection is an obvious fact of life.
However, it seems logical that this basic system would also function throughout all forms of life, including those that are primarily non-physical to us. And so, spiritual natural selection must exist, as well. Thus, where do humans fall in the lineup? If we look at humans as spiritual beings, in addition to their mere physical shells, we gain a clearer idea of how the spirit has evolved, and will continue to do so. For clues on how this evolution transpired, let us look back at the physical world of organisms.
The sun is hitting its stride. Earth's closest star shot off yet another powerful solar flare today (June 11) after producing a pair of major solar storms Tuesday. The X1-class flare reached its peak at 5:06 a.m. EDT (0906 GMT) and came from Region 2087 near the southeastern limb of the sun's disk, the same region of the star that produced the two powerful solar flares yesterday. NASA captured an amazing video of the X1 solar flare using its space-based Solar Dynamics Observatory.
May 2014 saw a total of 770 UFO sightings reported to MUFON from around the world. National Reporting Center also had 607 sightings in May.
Phoenix — Having become bored with the Crab Eyes photos I've been capturing in the sky, I recently decided to lower my aim and start focusing a little closer to the horizon. I discovered that when I can catch a UFO just above some roof tops it tends to make the photo a bit more exciting. When taking photos I've been basically just shooting blind and download my pictures and examine my catch to reveal these UFOs.
I can assure you that it's not a hoax. I have better things to do!
Miami — I was trying to take a photo of the Guess ad that was on the side of the building in Miami on Friday the 6th of June 2014.
I didn't see the image untill I reviewed the photo later…just an interesting image.
Aranghata – Seven lights hovering in formation on focus looks like light glowing from human like shapes. I was at a nearby shop, few people were gazing at that light hovering west in the sky and asked me what it is, it looked like a blue light spot hovering in the sky, for a clear view.
Pendleton County — Glenn writes, "I thought I'd send a couple pictures from last night. We are still experiencing nightly UFO visitation and I have thousands of pictures.
Rohrersville — Wife took picture of a low military plane about to land heading west on June 7, 2014 after viewing the pictures objects were noticed.
Pittsfield — It was Easter Sunday, May 20, 2014, we were outside for a walk when my grandson pointed at the cylinder in the sky. He was excited, and we were puzzled as to what it was, it didn't make any noise and didn't really move it was just sort of hanging there in the sky.
Las Vegas – We were on Fremont Street watching a concert looked up saw an object moving in the sky followed it till it disappeared behind building on June 6, 2014..
I was surprised because it did not look like an airplane or helicopter and I was able to get a short video of it.
The object looked white and had an oval shape bit I heard no sound due to music playing.
LasVegas — I went outside for my cigarette before work and looked up to the sky and saw this object on May 8, 2014. I want to know what it was.
Newark – I was in my backyard barbecuing with my family having a good time and I looked up and happened to see a shiny sphere with a dome (UFO) with yellow lights. At first glance I thought it was a UFO due to it being so shiny and spinning. I always bring my camera and took four pictures and previewed the pictures. It was a sphere with a dome. I tried to take a video but it was gone after 90 seconds. I still cannot believe I have this picture on my camera. My neighbor's jaw dropped and said wow you caught a real one with a dome. It's a great feeling to see a UFO that is out of this world.
West Trenton – Iwas driving home from dinner on June 3, 2014, at 8:15 pm, when I turned onto my road, and noticed an incredible fog rolling into the 300+ acre field across the street from my house. I pulled my car over and took several pictures of the fog rolling in and posted seven fog pictures to Facebook.
North Creek – In the early morning of June 4th 2014, looking out I saw from three bright lights moving in the distance coming across the mountain. I grabbed my cell phone, and captured two lights the size of basketballs. They kept getting larger as they approached and I was able to get five seconds of video when the camera stopped. I reset the phone to pictures and captured two orbs. I sat there unbelieving for about 10 minutes as the first orb began to move closer. Suddenly another comet-like object streaked in near the first orb and both passed out of view around the edge of the house.
Winston-Salem – "I traveled from Charlotte for a job interview as I approached Lake Norman on I-77 in my Cadillac in January 1998, under a clear blue sky. I noticed three dark objects approaching fascinated at their shapes between watching the road and the objects. Traffic was light and I slowed down so I could be under them when they crossed I-77. I leaned my head out the driver's window to look straight up at huge silent hovering triangles. They were longer in the direction they were moving by about 1 to 3 to their back widths. They crossed over almost directly over head but there was NO detail anywhere on the objects flying in formation. I glanced back at the road and they were gone in half a-second.
Spokane Valley — A large white almost translucent looking spherical object with lights around its middle was seen over Spokane, at 8 pm, on June 1, 2014. I noticed a large star in our western sky and realized that it was too early for stars to be visible, and there were none others visible. My friends asked how long it had been there and I replied about ten minutes, she said go get your telescope which I did.
Brisbane, Queensland — It was early in the morning at about 4-5 AM, onMay 25th 2014, so I was in a reclined position leaning against my chair and I see everything outside. This was about 5-8 minutes before the sun lit up the sky; so you could still make out the stars very clearly. I looked up at that very moment to see a dark grey/black elongated oval like object suspended in the sky. Its size was something like one of those Hindenburg Dirigibles and was the same distance you'd see a helicopter flying, but larger. There were two or three lights fixed on the pointed sides of the oval like object. It was hovering silently shooting a red star up to look like any other star, except it was red. After that, the object started to move about the speed of a typical commercial airplane until it eventually passed over the roof and out of my sight.
at 6.20 PM, in a straight line and disappeared behind buildings.
Croydon, Melbourne, Victoria – On May 25th 2014, at 7:00 PM, driving up Plymouth Road from Maroondah Highway. In Croydon Hills we saw a large green round circle object flying across sky above the fog towards Kinglake.
Townsville, Queensland — I was sitting watching TV, when a very bright blue fireball seemed to light up the sky on May 25th 2014 at 11:45 PM. The sighting was only for a few seconds. We have high trees that partially blocked the view and as the ball seemingly fell in an arc and went behind the trees. The glow was as bright as high powered stadium lights.
Brussels – I travelled to Brussels to visit a friend who was my tourist guide on January 30, 2014. Our tour ended up in the main city square called "Grand Place". It is such a beautiful square with well lighted historic buildings. I have always loved astronomy and could identify different constellations and stars in the clear sky that I well know. My friend took her pictures with her new Smartphone and I took my photos with my Canon camera. Curiously, the UFO lights only appeared on the pictures taken by my friend.
Rimini – A black cubic like object at first hovered and then ascended straight up until it became invisible flying right into space on May 31, 2014. I have been an amateur astronomer for almost 40 years. We have witnessed many things up in the air during daytime like balloons. When we first saw this object it was bigger and completely black and appeared cubic shaped. It was silent during the event that lasted about 6 minutes. After three minutes I took two pictures of the phenomena with a 60 mm lens. The pictures show the object was definitely moving straight up. There were four Italians, and both of us are Belgian. Being a scientist I feel the need to report this.
Tijuana — This footage of a UFO shooting past the plane is incredible. Not only can we see the UFO clearly, but the UFO passes behind the chemtrail of the plane on May 20, 2014. It seems that this is proof positive that aliens are highly interested in our pollutants we put in the air.
Colonel (ret.) Dan Aioanei, who at the time was commander of MIG-29 unit stated, "From Medgidia, a formation of 8 or 9 flowing objects were approaching. They looked like neon tubing, several kilometers long each, and were thus positioned relative to one another that form a "V"formation. From the distance, the tubes seem to have a diameter of 15-20 cm, so in reality they have 2-3 meters. Travel speed must have been at least supersonic. They were flying very high, at an altitude of over 3,000 meters.
London — My son was walking home from school on June 2nd 2014, in the vicinity of Eascote in North West London and noticed a disc shaped object hovering just below cloud level. It was up to half a mile from him at 4:17 pm. It was a grey disc hovering above. He could see the underbelly of the object and the rim of the object for some 10 to 15 seconds.
Manchester – I went into our back garden and saw a white orb traveling silently over the back of the house on June 5, 2014.
Newton Abbot Devon,– 2:30 PM on June 5, 2014.
I took this photo on 5 June 2014 at 2:30 PM in Newton Abbot Devon, UK. After my analysis it appears to be to be a flying saucer and is metallic in nature and has an opening in the bottom of the craft. I think it must be some kind of exhaust duct. What do you think?
Note: This same witness has snapped other quality photos of UFOs.
A Clear drain brake system may have helped prevent the accident. The truck could not slow down quick enough to avoid the accident.
While Tracy remains in critical condition, and sustained a number of injuries including a broken leg, a broken femur, a broken nose and several broken ribs. He had surgery earlier today on his leg. We expect him to remain in the hospital for several weeks. The Walmart truck driver was charged Saturday evening with death by auto has pleaded not guilty after he caused an accident that killed one person and injured six, including actor Tracy Morgan.
The New York Times identified the driver as Kevin Roper, 35, who has been charged with death by auto charges. Roper was driving a Walmart truck when it was unable to down quickly enough to avoid hitting the limo.
The truck driver claims the news reports were wrong and he has pleaded not guilty in an initial court appearance.


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Q: IE8 binding event in document.ready not working This is happening in IE8. I am binding a click event like this in a very general way
$(document).ready(function () {
    $('#my-btn').click(function () {
        // do something
    });
});

But the click event is not getting called. When I change it to $(document).on() it works fine. I am aware that dynamically loaded DOM elements needs to be bound using this way. But my markup contains my-btn element, so there's no way I am dynamically adding this element. Also, the markup is valid. My <script> tag is also added into bottom. I believe this should be sufficient and I shouldn't have to bind within document.ready?
Is there any possible reason which may be causing this?
jQuery: 1.10.2

A: Your code should work, but you can try the following two steps:

*

*Check IE's JavaScript console, perhaps an earlier script has an error

*Instead of $(document).ready(function(){});, you can actually just do $(function(){}). It shouldn't make a difference, though.

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Igniting A Green Revolution
Our new report reveals the keys to boosting sustainable consumer and brand behaviour.
By Krystal Ellison
Today is the day!
Months of preparation and tireless work have led us here. Our blood, sweat and tears went into this project. Ok… that *might* be a tad dramatic, but it has been a labour of love nonetheless and we are beyond thrilled to launch our new research report: Igniting A Green Revolution! The report has been developed specifically to make recommendations on how society can boost sustainable consumer and brand behaviour.
Aside from the humble goal of igniting a green revolution, our report has a range of key aims:
Assess the attitudes towards sustainability held by consumers and brands
Identify the key barriers consumers and brands need to overcome
Recommended practical solutions to help improve the situation for both
consumers and brands
Inspire organisations to reach out and collaborate with others and solve
sustainability problems together
Provide analysis and data on the role technology can play in improving
sustainable behaviour
The data we were able to gather on consumer and brand's views on sustainability was comprehensive, but in this introductory post, let's start by looking at the recommendation highlights. You can find these all in the Executive Summary, but here's a brief breakdown to begin:
Consumers need to see they are part of a growing movement
Brands, NGOs, governments, the media, and wider society need to show consumers that sustainable living is a growing movement, increasing in popularity every day.
Consumers are more likely to take action if they can see they are part of a wider movement of like-minded individuals. They need to be reminded when they are making a purchasing decision, that they are not alone when it comes to making sustainable choices. They are not the only ones that want to protect the planet for future generations.
Brand peer pressure works
Other than financial incentives, businesses can be motivated by both moral considerations and the behaviour of their competitors.
Championing businesses that are pioneers in sustainability, emissions reduction, product reuses and waste reduction must be ramped up.
The more these efforts and initiatives are celebrated and shared, the more brands will wake up to their responsibilities to become more sustainable.
Technology will be a crucial tool in boosting sustainable behaviour change, particularly for consumers
Technological innovation will enable smarter, greener decisions and will help consumers see how they are part of a growing community-focused on green issues.
Insights into consumer and business attitudes
The majority of consumers are motivated to live sustainable lives.
A minority of consumers do not think that they can be motivated to live sustainably.
Consumers think that technology has the most crucial role to play in sustainable living, helping them make greener choices.
Non-recyclable materials and complex rules for recycling are key causes for consumer concern.
Consumers think that governments and brands have the biggest moral responsibility to help them live sustainably.
The vast majority of businesses are motivated by moral reasons to be sustainable.
Businesses acknowledge the need to change their production process to be more sustainable.
Businesses are concerned by a "lack of government financial support" and "lack of clear government guidance for transitioning towards recyclable materials"
We've developed this report as part of 3 Sided Cube's Ignite program, a new initiative to boost sustainable living using the latest app technology, new research, hackathons, and collaborative events. We are endlessly passionate about building tech for good and utilising technology to save the planet. For us, this isn't optional, but our responsibility to do whatever we can to drive the change that desperately needs to happen.
Just in case you don't know already, the program is a purpose-built movement to drive behavioural change and make a difference to the ever-growing waste crisis, support sustainable, low carbon living and enhance environmental protection.
Working with inspiring organisations including The American Red Cross, the World Resources Institute, and LUSH, every single one of us at 3 Sided Cube are on a mission to create apps that enable and nudge people, businesses and NGOs to improve their sustainability efforts and make greener choices.
Commenting on the launch of the 'Igniting A Green Revolution' report, our MD, Richard Strachan, said:
"The climate crisis, ecological destruction and ongoing problems with plastic waste are global issues that can't be ignored. We must tackle them head-on, starting here in the UK, and come up with practical solutions. It is not just up to governments; it is up to businesses and consumers as well. That is why we have developed this report. We wanted to uncover the key factors affecting our behaviour as consumers and brands when it comes to sustainability. What are our motivations? What is stopping us? What would help us get better?
"These are the questions we have focused on here. As you progress through the pages, you'll see that we have delved into the detail, assessed the data, and drawn conclusions that have guided the recommendations. We look forward to driving meaningful behaviour change in response to them, whether that's through technological innovation, collaboration with other organisations or developing new research to share with media."
"We've already seen the impact this approach can make working with The American Red Cross and Forest Watcher. We know that reprimanding people doesn't work if we want to reach a mass audience. We have to 'nudge' consumer and brand behaviour towards greener choices instead. Technology is one of the best tools we have to make this happen."
Download Igniting a Green Revolution
And we also will be hosting an event to discuss the outcomes of the report and wider views on how technology can support sustainability. With a super-star panel of industry experts, ideation workshops and the best kind of networking we can facilitate in this digital age, an informative and productive time is bound to be had by all!
Don't miss out and sign-up here!
Of course, this is only the beginning… As we launch more initiatives and research findings from the Ignite program, we'd love to invite you to follow our journey. And as we LOVE collaboration even more, if your company or if you personally would like to get involved, make sure you shout us a holla!
Published on March 4, 2021, last updated on March 31, 2021
The Attenborough effect: Brits want to be greener

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Jennifer Hallock
History Ever After
Under the Sugar Sun
Tempting Hymn
Sugar Moon
Books of the Sugar Sun Series
Sugar Sun series newsletter
Sugar Sun history posts
Sugar Sun series locations
Sugar Sun glossary terms
Fabricated Historical Chronotopes
Author Bio and Media Kit
Tag: Fort Santiago
Sugar Sun series location #10: Fort Santiago
Georgina looked up at Fort Santiago, the stone embodiment of Spanish paranoia that capped the fortress city of old Manila. A bas-relief of Saint James the Moor-Slayer stood guard over the gate. Not the most observant Catholic, Georgie liked the thought of Iberian explorers braving the long, lonely journey across the Pacific only to find themselves back where they started: fighting Muslims. Judging by the number of churches they left behind, conversion had been a spiritual test they had met with gusto.
— Under the Sugar Sun
Saint James the Moorslayer, a close up of the main gate to Fort Santiago. Creative Commons photo by John Tewell.
The defensive embankment of Fort Santiago ("Saint James") has been around since shortly after the Spanish took Manila from its indigenous Muslim rajahs in 1571—hence, the tone-deaf dedication to Saint James the Moorslayer. (The Spanish converted or chased out most Muslims in the archipelago, but not all. Still today, 5% of Filipinos are Muslim, mostly in southern Mindanao and the surrounding islands.)
A bird's eye view of Manila by Johannes Vingboons, painted in 1665.
When a Dutch traveler painted Manila in 1665, you can already see the walled city of Intramuros, capped by Fort Santiago at the mouth of the Pasig River. This was where the Spanish Army was headquartered, and it will be the Americans' choice, too. Almost 240 years later, my heroine Georgina Potter had no choice but to search for her missing soldier brother at Fort Santiago. (The relatively brief US stewardship may be the only time this citadel was not a fortress of Catholicism.)
Raising the American flag over Fort Santiago, Manila, on the evening of August 13, 1898. From Harper's Pictorial History of the War with Spain, Vol. II, published by Harper and Brothers in 1899.
Through the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Manila grew into a thriving commercial and cosmopolitan center.
Every vessel that entered the city—from local casco to Manila galleon—had to sail past the intimidating cannons of Fort Santiago to reach the docks on the north side of the river.
Walls of the old city of Manila. Fort Santiago with gorletas anchored in front of it, 1898. Photo from the Philippine Photographs Digital Archive.
Importantly for Filipino history, Fort Santiago is also where national hero José Rizal spent his last days. In his spare time, this polyglot ophthalmologist authored the seminal work of Philippine fiction, Noli Me Tangere (Touch Me Not). The Noli blasts the corruption of the Spanish friars who ruled the countryside and reveals how young, intelligent Filipinos (like Rizal) were denied human and political rights. Since Rizal was executed for writing a work of fiction, the Spanish ironically proved his claims true.
National hero José Rizal was held by the Spanish at Fort Santiago until his execution at the Luneta in 1896, sparking the Philippine Revolution. Images from left to right: the entrance to Rizal's prison, as photographed by Barbara Jane; a common portrait of Rizal; and the map from the Presidential Library and Museum.
Rizal may have had revolutionary sentiments—how revolutionary is hotly debated—but his fate was ultimately sealed by priests, not politicians. Of course, these friars thought they were the government of the Philippines, so a challenge to them was a challenge to Spanish rule. Where did the friars put him? In their fortress of Saint James, of course. Rizal wrote these last words in his jailhouse poem, later named Mi Ultimo Adios:
My idolized Country, for whom I most gravely pine,
Dear Philippines, to my last goodbye, oh, harken
There I leave all: my parents, loves of mine,
I'll go where there are no slaves, tyrants or hangmen
Where faith does not kill and where God alone does reign.
Jose Rizal wrote his farewell letter, Mi Ultimo Adios, while being held in a prison cell in Fort Santiago. Now the cell has been converted as the Rizal Shrine where a life-size diorama of his last hours is depicted before his execution. Creative Commons photo by Christian Sangoyo.
Scratch a stone in Manila and you'll dig up all kinds of interesting history, right? By the way, the Creative Commons image below is by Fechi Fajardo. If you're wondering what that net is, it's a practice driving range for the Intramuros golf course! Oh, what would Rizal think?
Posted on August 9, 2017 October 27, 2018 Categories LocationsTags casco, Catholicism, Fort Santiago, galleon, Intramuros, José Rizal, Manila, Mi Ultimo Adios, Moor, Moro, Muslim, Noli Me Tangere, Spanish
Sugar Sun series location #9: Intramuros
In the opening chapter of Hotel Oriente, heroine Della Berget describes Manila's Intramuros as "an old Spanish walled enclave in the style of Gibraltar, plunked down in the middle of the tropics."
And, in fact, that is exactly what the city's name means: inside the walls that the Spanish built (and rebuilt and rebuilt) to protect them from those who lived outside, the Filipinos and the Chinese. Capping off the walled city was the armed citadel of Fort Santiago:
The Spanish did leave their walls on occasion. They had to if they wanted to do anything commercial. They shopped extramuros in Binondo, Manila's Chinatown, which was within a cannon's shot of Fort Santiago in Intramuros. The range was very intentional, by the way. The Spanish had a love-hate relationship with their Chinese immigrant neighbors, who, in many cases, had been in Manila longer than they had. Sometimes the "hate" end of things meant firing volleys. The love-hate relationship also played out in shopping, especially on a street called the Escolta. The Spanish claimed the Escolta exclusively for European merchants, but some of those merchants were supplied by Chinese in the neighboring streets. After a full day of shopping in Escolta and a lovely evening on the Luneta, the Spanish would retreat within their walls to sleep.
What was inside the walls? Della calls it a "Catholic wonderland": "If she glanced up, the city was all domes, crosses, and oyster shell windows." And no wonder: there were seven churches in Intramuros before World War II. Seven churches—grand ones, too—in a space of a mere 1/4 square mile (166 acres). It should be no surprise to you, then, if I point out that it was really the Catholic Church, via the regular orders of friars, who controlled the Philippines. This was a Crown colony in name only. The real administrators? The Dominicans, the Franciscans, the Recollects, the Augustinians, the Vincentians, the Jesuits, and more. And Intramuros was the seat of their power, where the Manila Cathedral (above) towered over the secular offices of the governor and loomed over the general's desk in Fort Santiago.
The Ayuntamiento (City Hall, or "Palace" as the Americans misleadingly called it) was the headquarters of the civil government of the American Philippines.
When the Americans came, they used the necessary parts of Intramuros, especially Fort Santiago and the city hall (which they confusingly mislabeled the Palace, even though the governor's—and now president's—residence is not inside the walls).
The Parian Gate into Intramuros, Manila, Philippines. You can see the clogged moat was a health hazard.
Actually, the Americans preferred a fresh sea breeze to the cloistered staleness of Intramuros, and they began to build up the areas south of the Luneta, including Malate and Ermita (where the US embassy compound still sits).
Puerta de Santa Lucia Gate into Intramuros, Manila, Philippines, 1899. This is before the Americans filled in the moat, as it shows here it was clogged with sediment. San Ignacio Church on the left, and San Agustin Monastery is behind the wall. Public domain photo from the John Tewell</> collection.
And, in their port expansion, they would create a whole "New Luneta" in what had previously been the Bay, and this is where they would build new social establishments, including the Manila Hotel and the Army and Navy Club. After this, many Americans had few reasons to enter Intramuros at all. Too bad.
Pre-war Intramuros from Wikimedia Commons.
Nor did the Americans like the medieval air (really, stench) of the moat surrounding Intramuros. In classic American form, they turned it into a golf course.
Intramuros Golf Club photo used under Creative Commons license by Marc Gerard Del Rosario. You can see that water still exists, but as manicured ponds to trap your golf balls.
Yes, this hardly sounds very populist, but the colonial administration was not inclusive—and, to be fair, the short but challenging par-66, 18-hole course is now owned by the government and can be played by anyone for around $20 (residents) or $30 (tourists).
This original US Army Signal Corps photograph is in the personal collection of John Tewell. Notice San Agustin Church on the top right hand corner, the only of Intramuros's seven churches to survive somewhat intact due to the red cross on the roof. This and the Manila Cathedral are the only two (of the original seven) to remain operating Catholic churches to the present day.
Intramuros suffered most at the end of World War II, when it was the site of the last stand between the occupying Japanese and liberating American forces. The Japanese unleashed a reign of terror on the occupants of Intramuros and Manila at large, known as the Rape of Manila. The Americans, seeking to force a surrender, bombed the city into oblivion, destroying 6 of the 7 churches in Intramuros. In fact, Intramuros was such a disaster that it was ignored during the post-war rebuilding phase and has only recently started to see a renaissance of cultural, social, and commercial activities. If you are in Manila, take a tour with performance artist Carlos Celdran, and he will make you see Intramuros in a whole new light.
The Transitio commemoration with Carlos Celdran: burning prayers on the walls of Intramuros (left) and the arts festival on the grounds (right).
Posted on August 4, 2017 October 27, 2018 Categories LocationsTags American, anti-Chinese, Catholic, Chinese, Ermita, Escolta, Fort Santiago, Intramuros, Luneta, Malate, San Agustin, Spanish, World War II
Sugar Sun series location #8: Malecón
One thing that hasn't changed in Manila since 1900 is the traffic. One anonymous visitor said about the end of the evening on the Luneta:
…there is a crack of the whip and a grand hurrah and one mad dash for the different homes. I wonder there are not dozen smash ups each afternoon, but there are not. I used to melt and close my eyes, expecting to be dashed into eternity any moment, but I have learned to like it, and I don't want any one to pass me on the road.
We've all been there.
A vintage postcard of the Malecón.
Some park goers did not wait for the end of the evening to race, though. With the old shoreline, the water went right up to the walls of Fort Santiago—or almost. There was a single open road there, called the Malecón, where carriages practically flew:
The two vehicles ate up the open road. Georgie did not consider herself a coward, but she was torn between fearing for the horses' safety and for her own. Maybe sensing that, Javier put his arm around her shoulders, pulling her closer to his side. It was too cozy by half, but it steadied her enough to make the frenetic motion bearable.
The two nags kept changing the lead. One would break out in a small burst of speed, and then slow in recovery while the other made his move. They had at least a mile to go until the "finish" at Fort Santiago, and it seemed that Georgie's original prediction was on the mark: the sole surviving animal would win. It was less a race than a gladiatorial bout.
You can find Malecón at location 5 on the map below. (These maps of Manila and the Visayas, which you can find in Under the Sugar Sun, were a suggestion of a faithful reader, Priscilla Lockney. Awesome, right?! But when I tried to find maps from before the port expansion that changed the shoreline, it was a challenge. I ended up making my own from a rare Spanish map reprinted in the Harper's Pictorial History of the War with Spain, Volume II. I was almost as proud of these as I was of finishing the book.)
The Malecón ran from the Luneta along the bay, "under the yawning mouths of the old muzzle loaders" to Fort Santiago (see 3). It seems like a strange place for romance, but it was that, too. Maybe it was the electric lamp posts installed in 1893, part of a half a million peso city improvement project. Maybe it was the company:
Georgina looked up. This close, she could see honey-colored circles in Javier's brown irises. They looked like rings on a tree. Did she see in them the same fire she felt, or was this a part of the show?
Gently Javier tilted her chin up, his lips now inches away. No one had ever tried to kiss her, not even Archie, whose amorous attentions had all been by pen. She thought about resisting, but that was all it was, a thought. Javier's breath was clean. Only the smallest bite of scotch lingered from lunch. Given her past, Georgie had never believed alcohol could be an aphrodisiac, but on this man the crisp scent was provocative. He smelled of confidence and power, yet his lips looked surprisingly soft—
"Luneta driveway" taken by a US soldier. Available from University of Michigan Philippine Photographs Digital Archive.
Posted on July 14, 2017 October 27, 2018 Categories LocationsTags Fort Santiago, Georgina, Intramuros, Javier, Luneta, Malecón, Manila, traffic, Under the Sugar Sun


It all started with a recent purchase. These babies called my name on a recent visit to Minneapolis Institute of Art. Alas, I did not buy that evening, but a stop at amazon.com brought them my way.
The Whiskey glass (as opposed to the glasses for Rum, Vodka, and Gin) seemed the best match for the rhubarb pie and I did indeed find a winner with the Whiskey Fix. In honor of an upcoming trip to Canada, I brought out the Canadian whisky for this one, though decided in the end that Irish whiskey was the best choice. Honey made a better sweetener than sugar and I bumped it up to 2 teaspoons. I also used 2 tablespoons of lemon juice instead of the 1 1/2 found in half of an average-size lemon. A rhubarb stir stick added just the right touch for serving with rhubarb pie, though didn't contribute much (if any) flavor.
It's a simple drink with a bit more sweet than sour, though that works with our pie which is just slightly more tart than sweet. I'd originally thought of making the Dinah, one of the four whiskey recipes found on the glass, but its inclusion of mint made it too fussy for the pie. Simple is our best bet here.
So grab yourself a slice of Great-aunt Helen's Rhubarb Pie and stir up a Whiskey Fix to sip alongside. Cheers to you and I look forward to seeing you again next week when we take another riffle through a favorite recipe box. Thank you for being here.
YES! This solves both my whiskey problem and my rhubarb problem!
Ha, Megan. You have good problems 🙂 Thanks for coming by. Good to see you!
I still love your Minnie Mouse serving plate. What a great idea for beverage glasses. I hope you have fun in Canada!
Always think of you when I use the Minnie plate, Tracy 🙂 Canada is month's out, but I didn't let that stop me from buying the Canadian whisky now. Need something to make the trip planning (not my strongest suit) easier, haha. Thank you much for being here!
Trip planning can be a pain. But the memories after are the pleasure. I'm sure you'll have a wonderful adventure when you go!
Thanks Beth 🙂 And but of course!
Love those cocktail glasses!! Awesome. I can't say I've ever had pie and whiskey at the same time, but the way I see it, it's always good to keep an open mind and try new things!! This seems to be a match! Where in Canada…to visit anyone we know? Cheers!
Quite honestly, I'd prefer milk with the pie, but that's not how Cocktail U rolls 😉 Glad you're willing to keep an open mind.
Heading to Bampf/Lake Louise and Edmonton in August. Won't visit anyone we know, alas.
Thanks for coming by. Always so good to see you.
Love the glasses. I think they would call my name too. Funny how trips influence people. Canadian whiskey for you and German food for us. I also just saw a bottle of wine on Instagram with my name on it. I've already found it online and am probably going to order it and have it delivered to my friend in Germany so I can pick it up when we visit her. I MUST have that label!
That's awesome, Gretchen. Any excuse to buy fun toys 🙂 Appreciate you being here very much. Thanks!
One whiskey fix per slice of pie, I think. Up to three slices.
It's a deal. You, me, and who gets the last two slices?
I like the idea of honey as a sweetener, might make me feel healthier while drinking my alcoholic whiskey fix and nibbling on pie. I love rhubarb which sometimes tastes a little like strawberries, Liz. ❤ Thank you for rifgling and sharing Great Aunt Helen's recipe. Yummy!
Thank you for your kind words 🙂 Makes me so happy that others are enjoying Helen's recipes. Thinking she'd wonder what the fuss is, but secretly liking it.
I am not a whiskey lover at all but my hubby is. I love the pie.


text:
L'Armorial des corporations se propose de réunir un maximum de blasons de corporations.

Il semble que, dès le , les communautés de métiers ont fait usage d'armoiries, tout comme les cités importantes, et que les artisans marchaient en corps sous une bannière armoriée portant une cotte d'armes aux mêmes couleurs, tout comme les milices urbaines. Mais peu d'exemples nous sont parvenus, les hérauts d'armes négligeant souvent les armoiries des villes, communautés et corporations pour s'occuper uniquement de celles de la noblesse militaire et des familles de chevalerie.

En revanche, la documentation devient abondante au , grâce à l'Armorial général de France que Louis XIV fit dresser à la suite de son édit sur la « police des armoiries » connu sous le nom du juge d'armes d'Hozier, chargé de son établissement, qui représente plusieurs centaines de corporations et en gratifiant parfois d'armoiries, composées de toutes pièces, les corporations qui n'en avaient pas déclaré ou qui n'avaient pas payé les droits d'enregistrement.

Les meubles figurant ces armoiries corporatives représentent le plus souvent les instruments utilisés par les ouvriers dans l'exercice de leur profession, et ne répondent pas forcément aux exigences des traités d'héraldique. Le saint patron de la corporation était souvent représenté.

Les blasonnements proposés sont les originaux trouvés, la plupart selon D'Hozier, en respectant certaines dérives de l'"orthodoxie" héraldique. Une note est parfois ajoutée, qui signale (voire corrige) cette dérive.

Barbiers et/ou Perruquiers

Bonnetiers

Bouchers

Boulangers

Cordonniers

Couturières

Drapiers

Épiciers et apothicaires

Fondeurs

Horlogers

Imprimeurs et libraires

Maréchaux-ferrants

Médecins

Menuisiers
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
! width="110" | Figure
! Corporation et blasonnement

|- valign=top
|align=center |
|Maîtres menuisiers d'Angers
D'azur à sainte Anne assise, ayant à sa senestre la sainte Vierge debout, le tout d'or.

|- valign=top
|align=center |
| Menuisiers et fariniers d'Angers
D'azur à saint Clément évêque vêtu d'or.|- valign=top
|align=center |
| Menuisiers de Paris D'azur, à la varlope d'or, posée en fasce, accompagnée, en chef, d'un ciseau d'argent emmanché d'or et, en pointe, d'un maillet de même

|- valign=top
|align=center |
| Menuisiers de Besançon D'azur, à la Sainte-Famille, composée des personnages de Jésus, de la Sainte vierge et de Saint Joseph d'or.

|- valign=top
|align=center |
| Menuisiers de Pont-l'Évêque D'azur à la hache d'or en fasce

|- valign=top
|align=center |
| Menuisiers de Rouen De sinople, au rabot d'or, posé en fasce, accompagné en chef d'un compas, ouvert en chevron, d'argent et en pointe d'un maillet d'or

|- valign=top
|align=center |
| Menuisiers et tourneurs de Saint-Quentin  Menuisiers et tourneurs d'AutunD'azur, à la sainte Anne d'argent ou d'or

|- valign=top
|align=center |
|Maître menuisiers de Saumur'''D'azur à une Sainte Anne contournée de carnation vêtue d'or, assise sur un siège d'argent tenant un livre de même sur ses genoux et ayant devant elle la Sainte Vierge debout de carnation, vêtue d'or lisant dans ce livre le tout sur une terrasse de sinople.
|}

 Merciers

 Orfèvres

 Peintres-Sculpteurs

 Procureurs et/ou notaires

 Serruriers

 Tailleurs

 Taverniers-hosteliers

 Vanniers

 Sources Blasons des corporations'', Eugène Harot, Paris, 1941
"Armorial général de l'Anjou", M. Joseph Denais, 1879-1884

.

Références

Corporations
Ancien métier

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


STREISAND AND BUSH KISS…. awkwardly.
NEW YORK TIMES FEELS THE SQUEEZE: Will borrow against headquarters building.
CREATIVE WAYS TO PAY FOR CHRISTMAS: Sell your hair, be a lab rat, or sell your jewelry.
A HOUSE OF CARDS IN DENMARK: Businessman turns himself in to LAPD.


Trading is a very broad term, but the type of trading we're talking about today in No Man's Sky is the buying and selling of specific Trade Goods, that is their item type, and they are good for nothing except buying and selling, there is no other use in the game for these items.
They fluctuate in price differently than other items with their prices being defined by special parameters as well as their availability.
So let's cover the basics first.
Every system has an Economy type.
Each economy type sells 5 different items, and these items all sell for the highest price at a specific static economy type.
This means that they create loops, of which there are 2 separate loops.
The first is Advanced Materials, Scientific and Trading in that order which loops back round to Advanced Materials.
The second is Power Generation, Mining, Manufacturing and Technology in that order which then loops back round to Power Generation.
As far as which is more worth your focus, neither are any better or worse than each other on an overall statistics bases, the only difference that you may consider is that one is a 3 system loop while the other is a 4 system loop.
Each of the 7 economy types has 4 names, this just adds a sort of fake variety to the galactic map and systems, while Alchemical, Material Fusion, Metal Processing and Ore Processing all sound like different things, they are all just Advanced Materials economy systems.
While the systems information uses the list of 28 economy names, the Trade Goods themselves use the list of 7 economy type names, this can make it needlessly confusing in the beginning and is best countered by having a list of some sort on your phone while you play to reference when initially setting up trade routes.
It's all more simple than you may first think, as that is all you need to know about economy types.
Every system not only has an economy type but right next to it there are Buy & Sell percentages.
These refer to Trade Goods only and more specifically to the trade good type defined by the Economy Type, so for example.
If you are looking at a Scientific economy which on the galactic map will be named Experimental, Mathematical, Research or Scientific, the Buy percentage next to it will be referring to the reduction in price you are likely to get in that system when buying items there which will be items that are to be sold in a Trading economy type system.
Still looking at the same system, the Sell percentage refers to the extra you are likely to gain by selling your items there, specifically your Scientific items as that is the economy type of that system, these items of which are gained in an Advanced Materials economy System.
Now, these percentages are not exactly what you will find on the terminals within the system, it is more of an average or guide, kind of like a statistical view, yet you will only deal with the individual.
That said, they are a very good guide and something you can trust.
As far as extremes go, the maximum discount you will see specifically on this system-wide statistic is -40%, that is very extreme though and you should be quite happy if you find a -30%.
For the Sell percentage, it is double in the opposite direction at 80% for the extreme maximum, but 75% is a super nice find.
Your goal is to find systems that have the widest gap possible between the 2 percentages.
And that covers the Buy & Sell rates on a system-wide scale, we'll delve deeper shortly, but first, the last part of the system-wide stats that you should take into consideration.
Everyone knows about economy strength, namely Opulent and Affluent systems being the place to be due to the best ships showing up there as well as having the highest quantity of items for sale at terminals.
But there is widespread confusion about the majority of economy strengths, and when you look into it, you realise that once again, this is far more simple than it appears.
There are only 3 tiers of Economy strength, High, Medium and Low, there are a lot more High economy systems than most think because Opulent and Affluent are the highest, but they are just as high as the others in the High tier.
Each of the 3 tiers has 8 different names.
There is no need to think of each of these 24 as individuals in any way, just the 3 tiers.
High systems have the classic highest chance of S Class ships and Freighters, medium with the lower chance and low with no chance (A single noted instance has been uncovered, though more with solid evidence is required in my opinion).
High system space stations will have between 2500 and 5000 of the standard resources for sale like Plutonium, Heridium etc, whereas medium will have between 1000 and 2500 and low less than 1000.
That product availability is what we're looking for, the high strength economies are the most likely to sell all 5 tiers of the Trade Good in that system and will sell the most amount of each out of the economy strengths.
So when it comes to Economy strength when trading, you'll want to go for High economies wherever possible, medium if you really have to and never low, you won't even be able to buy enough to fill your max hauler.
Now we know what to look for as far as the information displayed on a system, we'll compile that and add some logic for the route itself.
First off, is the question of why you want to build an established route versus just winging it, and while you can trade well enough without an established route, you will make far less for your time, either settling for subpar systems to sell and buy your goods, or waste huge amounts of time looking for particularly good systems.
By establishing a solid and static Trade Route, you and others can reap the rewards for a long time while only doing the hard searching once.
For this, we'll assume we're building a Trade Route for the 3 Economy Type Loop, Advanced Materials, Scientific, Trading, then repeat.
These loops are fully modular, it's a loop in the sense that the last economy type in the set of 3, which is trading, feeds into the first in the set which is advanced materials.
You can have these routes be as long as you want, you are not required to do it in multiples of 3, or finish where you started, just stop by not buying in the system once you've sold.
Where the logic comes in to play is the logistics of traversing your route with relative ease.
I say this as guiding yourself through the galactic map for an extended quantity of systems is difficult and quickly becomes impossible for the scope of a human mind as the length of the route goes up.
You could dial the systems for a custom waypoint, but that requires you to have a portal in every system discovered and marked.
The absolute best method for this is to utilize the Discovery menu to just pop in and whack a new waypoint on the next system, 3 seconds and it's plotted from where you are.
In order to make this viable, there are a few things you need to take into account.
Firstly, the discovery menu orders the discoveries in a specific way, now I'm not 100% about which one of these it is, but either works for us here, I'm fairly certain that the Discovery menu orders the Discoveries by upload date, I'm quite sure that is the case, but it is possible that it order them by the date that you first discovered them, this is specifically regarding the systems you didn't first discover, if you did then it would be when you discovered not uploaded.
Either way, we can utilize this by only making trade routes with systems we have never before visited, that no one has ever visited.
If we then build the trade route all at once in one foul swoop, each system will be in order in your discoveries menu allowing you to just pop a custom waypoint on the next system up and travel there.
To be extra safe and organised, we name the systems according to the route and number them.
To make things even easier, more efficient and just quicker, we can decide to look for the next system when building the route base somewhat on travelling toward the centre of the galaxy, as the centre gives you a very easy landmark to quickly turn to and instantly spot your custom waypoint.
With all that in mind, I moved out on the galactic map away from the hub toward the sun to find the first system in a region that is almost entirely undiscovered.
I'm looking for Advanced Material Economy, with a low Buy percentage, as it is the first, the sell isn't an issue as this trade route will not return to the original and will be best to teleport from the final end.
The system also needs to be a high economy strength system.
Once found and renamed, off to find the next, which is a Scientific economy type system, with high sell and low buy percentages and a high strength economy, remember that Scientific is more of a tier and goes under 4 different names just like every other Economy type, so be sure to use a reference until you have it memorised.
Rename that one, then head off to find a trading economy type system with a high sell, low buy percentages and a high economy strength.
Rename that and repeat the process for as long as you want the route to be, though of course, it's only the first one where the sell isn't important and the last one where the buy isn't, all in between are important.
Be sure that when picking your systems, you look for the planet number, as each system requires at least one planet that is not dead or weird, planets that are dead or weird do not have Trading Posts, and for maximum efficiency, it is best for the first planet in the system which is located closest to the space station and which you will be closest to when warping in, will be a living planet with Trading Posts.
Now we've got the route itself fleshed out, it's time to look at the in system stuff as far as doing the actual buying and selling as well as the differences between planet, station, freighter and trader terminals.
When it comes to the actual buying and selling of Trade Goods within the system, there are a few things to consider.
First is the differences of where you buy & sell, as Space Stations offer a much worse deal than Trading Post Trade Terminals, meaning you should always buy and sell with Trading Posts, it takes a little extra time but we'll be setting up a way to do it faster.
The way inner system economy works is that Space Stations are there own little pool separate from Planets and Freighters, they sell different things, prices are set differently and affect buy fluctuations separately.
Freighters are also separate, and the list of goods available is specific to the freighter, not the location of the freighter like I previously assumed.
Then there are Planet-side Trade Terminals, and while each planet-side trade terminal sells different things and different amounts of things, they all share the same behind the scenes stock levels, meaning that if you buy a Trade Good from one terminal then quickly fly to another terminal before it's had time to restock, that terminals stock levels will also have been affected.
Traders that land at a space station have separate stock levels to the space station, but draw from the same pricing and potential stock available with their own separate quantities.
Traders who land at a Trading terminal are the same except it is linked to the Planetside network, they don't affect the trade terminal stock levels or each other.
Trader ships have 21 different models per system, I previously thought this was far higher, but these different models each have a different trading inventory, all Trader ships you see of a particular model will always have the same available inventory and stock levels but do not all share the same stock pool, meaning that if you buy 600 thamium from one model, other ships of the same model that land will not have had its stock reduced.
Now when it comes to the maximum available stock for each individual Product which I'm fairly sure Trade Goods fall under Products, we can expect between 80 and 180 of each Trade Good in a High economy system.
This not only means that with a fully trade ready max hauler, we cannot completely fill it with the top tier trading items, as a fully optimized trade hauler can have 43 slots for hauling cargo, which is 215 items, but it also gives us the time limit for a fully refreshed Trade Route, as Products take 60 seconds per item sold or bought to recover both it's stock and pricing.
180 minutes is 3 hours.
So for continuous trading, your Trade Route must take at least 3 hours to complete.
Price change on Trade Goods specifically occurs on a per item sold basis, in the system where it is produced the price is changed by 0.33% and in a system where the items are required, the price is changed by 0.25%.
The price change takes effect on sale and not when exiting the terminal menu, so you should always buy the full amount of an item in one go as well as sell all of a particular item in one go to get the best prices.
If for any reason, you have the same item split over your exosuit and ship, you would likely be better off selling the larger amount at the Trading Post and the smaller amount at the Space station or to a trader that lands to not suffer from potentially huge price drops.
Also, Trader ships that land are not affected by the price drop on the terminal at the Post it lands at.
There are 5 tiers of Trade Goods.
All of these prices are based on the Galactic Average and not the base value.
What holds you back in trading is Cargo space, so you will want to purchase the Tier 1 items first, the highest amount of these you would be able to obtain is 180 due to that being the maximum possible stock level for tier 1.
After that if you are using the maximum space available in a starship of 43 slots or 215 items, you will have 35 items worth of space remaining, now you could either fill this with Tier 2, or, you could use that space to store your warp cells for travelling the Trade Route and then place up to 170 tier 2 items in your Exosuit's main & cargo, which are linked, so this will only count as a single transaction.
The space in your Exosuit may be a little less available if you have an extended route and while building warp cells in bulk is the most efficient, planning a fuel stop to bulk build 35 Warp cells every 35 systems isn't a bad idea, it will help spread out the time a little for the continuous trade route version and could be a good time to also plan a 5 minute break or something while keeping as close to maximum efficiency within the trade route.
As you get closer to your fuel stop you could pad the extra space in your ship with Tier 3 to make a little extra for no extra effort.
On the basis of 180 tier 1 and 170 Tier 2 with a scratch build of 35 warp cell to start, assuming you built the Warp Cells starting with buying suspension fluid and a 15% minimum reduction in cost from your first system in the route, you will need a primary fund of roughly 13 Million Units.
Which if you have full exosuit and cargo slots as well as a 48 slot hauler, is hardly worth worrying about.
Now that you have setup your Trade Route within the Galactic Scale, it is time to set up each system for maximum efficiency, this is extremely simple but will take a small initial time investment per system.
All you are going to do is use your economy scanner, which if you do not have will add significant time to this step, and scan for a trading post on the first planet in the system providing it is not dead or weird, if it is, then do this on the closest planet that has trading posts.
Go to the Trading Post and check the availability (Price isn't so significant of a value as the availability at this point), the Tiers will differ dramatically in percentages from the galactic average, but it is always more beneficial to get the highest tier.
Once you find one with at least 150 or more of both tier 1 and tier 2 and a half decent percentage, mark it with a beacon and if you are planning a route to help others also, mark it with a comms station, others can't see you beacons and you can't see your own comms, it's a tiny amount of iron, so well worth the slight extra effort.
Continue doing this for the whole Trade Route and you will have cut a huge amount of time from your route and increased profits significantly.
Of course, this kind of guide would not be complete without a solid real-world test to iron out any miscalculations from the theorycrafting and just get some solid data as evidence.
For this test I made a 10 system Trade Route just outside the Galactic Hub, it is fully made for everyone to use.
I first selected the systems, I found the first 800 or so Light Years away from the Galactic Hub and checked the area around the first 2 systems to ensure I was not encroaching upon any civilized space as my naming convention for the route would not be welcome there.
For the First system I looked for all 3 of the Economy Types in this loop, which are Advanced Materials, Scientific & Trading as it didn't matter which one I started with, it just so happened the first good system to fit the mold was an Advanced Materials one.
I also paid no attention to the Sell, only the buy as for the starting system only Buy was important as I had no intentions of looping back around.
Using the Economy filter on the Galactic Map is a godsend here, it allows you to see each system as the colour for the economy type, Advanced Materials is Purple, Scientific is Dark Blue and Trading is Green.
After a few minutes, your eyes fully adjust and it becomes incredibly quick to check systems.
Of course, without the Economy Scanner, you cannot create a trade route without previous scouting on a very large scale.
Checking systems of the correct colour I first looked at the economy strength, on the rare ocassion I found a high economy type I then checked the Sell and Buy percentages, If the buy and the sell added together was around 90 to 100 or more I would either place a custom waypoint if it was on the low end of that or just warp to it if it was on the high end, I also aimed in the general direction of the center of the galaxy in order to make it viable to navigate the Route without placing custom waypoints to find each system.
Once in the system, I just scanned to ensure a trading post was present somewhere in the system, changed the name to fit my convention and moved on to the next system, always recording the distance between each system and never exceeding 700 Light Years, my rule was never more than 800 to allow for the majority of players to be able to use it.
The lowest is 69 with the highest being 679.
This also allows for the system to be visible quickly via just the circle around it, which is a sign that you have visited there before.
This is the main reason I would suggest you make this in a place you have never travelled.
Once I had reached 10 systems, I started working my way back to prime them by searching numerous Trading Posts per system, unfortunately, you cannot cycle through the trading posts with the scanner, you must visit the post to dismiss the waypoint no matter where it is, I would suggest going very close to the planet surface on the side of the planet where the space station resides and scanning from there, moving back to around that location each time you do another scan, but if you find a trading post with a high quantity of Tier 1 and Tier 2 products that is a minute or 2 pulse away, I would say this is worth it, but only if very high or the only option.
In the Trading Posts, I would settle for 150 of each or more, focusing mainly on Tier 1, in a single system after many many trading posts I did settle for one in the 140's for both.
Once I had found an acceptable trading post, I placed a beacon for myself to locate easily, and then a Comms station for other to locate it.
I also changed the name of that planet only, to match the convention with the trade route stop number in case it was not the first planet, so players can scan the planets to see which is named as such and then enter the atmosphere to bring up the comm station way-point.
For any who are interested, shortly after I started priming the systems I streamed it with the full test at the end.
The whole process of setting up these 10 systems which would afford 9 full transactions took approximately 5 hours, I believe I could do it in 3 to 3 and a half had I not streamed it.
This is a significant time investment, but worth it if the system was profitable.
The more time you put into this will give you higher rewards, there is a point where you will face diminishing returns of course, but the longer you hunt for better systems and the more trading posts you check, the higher the profits will rise.
If the timestamped link isn't working the Test begins at 1 Hour, 54 Minutes and 49 Seconds.
This test was performed casually yet with no messing about in order to best replicate the average user.
The test results surprised me massively.
A fully optimized Trade Route is in another world in comparison to just casual trading.
My test lasted 29 minutes and 20 seconds, the time was taken from the moment I clicked to warp into the first system until the moment I clicked another system after the 10th.
This earned a total of 71,161,015 units, which is pretty damn high, this equates to more than 145.5 million units an hour, not only that but 2 things need to be accounted for that will make this far more impressive.
The first is one of the systems I primed.
In my fatigued stupor, I settled for a singular Galactic Trade terminal out in the open that is not at a Trading Post, when it came to performing the test I realised I cannot sell from or buy to my ship from such a terminal which cost me multiple minutes to transfer items back and forth singularly.
If you take this into account and remove that time, not even removing the extra time for faffing about with other things later because of it, the time drops from 29 minutes and 20 seconds to 26 minutes and 10 seconds, which is more than a 10% drop.
Then account for the losses made due to selling that particular lot in more than one go due to the exosuit not holding the full amount the ship did.
You get the correct amount for such a Trade Route which is 71,658,473 for 26 minutes and 10 seconds work, which per hour equates to 164,354,296.
Even then, it is less than it should be, as if you are going to multiply the route, you must first take the 1 minute 40 added on by the last system as you don't go into the route with anything to sell and don't leave with anything to sell, so that's 10 systems time for 9 transactions, if you were to take this to the max then you would take that 1 minute and 40 off, multiply the route then add it back at the end.
This research and testing has shown me that Trade Routes when properly optimized and setup can reward very close to the Ultimate Farm, the Stasis Device farm which requires far more time and resources to set up.
With maximised optimization and a full 3 hours long route for continuous trading, I think this could hit the 200 million per hour mark.
You are, of course, using warp cells and iron while travelling the route, but compared to the profits they are insignificant and the Stasis Device even requires more to run also with Plutonium, Heridium and more being purchased en mass.
Don't forget, using space stations and trading posts in high economy systems you can build Warp Cells in bulk easily making 100 in less than 10 minutes with hardly any effort.
If we take the time this Route took then remove the 1 minute 40 we get 1470 seconds, 3 hours is 10800 seconds, minus the 100 seconds and then divided by the route time we get 7.279.
This is how much we multiply for a solid 3 hour figure, but of course you can't half part of a system, so, 7.279 multiplied by 9, to get the total systems in that Trade Route, which is 65.511, so we need to round that up to 66 and account for the extra time later.
So 66 systems, with an average of 163.3 recurring seconds per system, leads us to 10,780 seconds for 66 systems, we then add the 100 back on for the end system for 10880, the extra 80 second ensures we have run the 3 hours for all prices and quantities to be fully reset.
If realistically doing this I would push it to 70 systems to ensure even the speediest space beast is accounted for, you would also need to take into account warp time which is a time where timers for such things as pricing and quantities do not tick, but that does not really impact what we're doing in this theory-crafting style exercise, as we aren't looking at the continuation.
For this, we should use the same method for the per system average profit, so 71,658,473 divided by 9 gives us an average profit per system of 7,962,052.5 recurring and a total profit for the slightly more than 3-hour route of 525,495,468.6 recurring.
so if we take that off the final total, and divide by 3, we get 173,877,177 units per hour.
Not crazy different, but it's pretty cool, and yes I know, a 10 system test is hardly a super accurate representation of the average, but it's a pretty damn good guide of what can realistically be achieved, and this whole experiment proves just how valid Trading is when done right.
So to finally answer the question, is trading worth it?.. yes, yes it really is if done in a static way, it is far more profitable than any farm other than Stasis Device and Fusion Ignitor and requires far less work to set up.
If you are someone using the Trade Route or any Trade Route that someone else has set up and been nice enough to mark with comms for you, I would advise that you take as many voltaic cells with you as there are systems, then on your first go, plant a Beacon at each Trading Post, enabling you to shave a lot of time off your future Trading as beacons will be seen from anywhere in the system whereas comms require entering the atmosphere to appear.
And for those setting up a Trade Route, you should place a comms with your beacon, as while it's of no use to you, it costs 20 iron and takes a few seconds, it'll help out those who follow.
Also, a quick tip, when I first started mapping the systems, I wasn't saving and the game crashed losing all of my progress, this is a very demoralizing thing, so, when mapping the systems, I would suggest flying directly in the station, let it save the game, then rename the system, this allows you to reload if you mess up naming the system, then save once more for good measure and carry on as it can take a while to find some systems, so save between each one.
This was an incredibly long one folks, I had no idea how big of a subject this would be when I embarked upon it.
It took a lot of work so sharing with your No Man's Sky buddies would be super appreciated, it would be great.
We have a Discord and a Patreon, support is always massively appreciated.
I'd also like to give a shout out to all those who have helped with bits of info and general discussion when I started looking into this as well as Ket for not blocking me and instead providing solid information and mostly SeansCheckShirt, a Reddit user who wrote the most well presented and well researched information on everything to do with Economies in No Man's Sky that I have ever seen, it's been huge in confirming or denying and providing information I had no clue about.
Have an awesome day folks!


Amman, Jordan – Maysalward(MRD) is proud to announce the release of Magic Painting 1.0, the company's new entertainment app developed for iOS and Android devices. Magic Painting is an augmented reality AR Coloring Book App in which children can color characters in a printed coloring book and check their work using a mobile device. The drawing is detected, tracked and augmented with an animated 3-D version of the character texture according to the child's coloring. The App is based on a live texturing process that applies the captured texture from a 2-D colored drawing, and then turning it into a 3-D character in real time.
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Execution of programmed cell death (PCD) in nonmetazoan organisms is morphologically different from apoptotic PCD in animals and lacks a number of key molecular components of apoptotic machinery, including caspases. Yet protozoan, fungal, and plant cells exhibit caspase-like proteolytic activities, which increase in a PCD-dependent manner. This poses a question whether nonmetazoan organisms contain structurally dissimilar proteases that functionally substitute for caspases. Putative ancestors of caspases, metacaspases, are candidates for this role; however, their distinct substrate specificity raises doubts. The identification of a common biological target of caspases and metacaspases and previously unknown functions unrelated to cell death of metacaspases provide new food for thought.


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text:
SO MUCH WINNING: Trump Celebrates 'Total And Complete Vindication' From 'Leaker' Comey
Jun 9, 2017 DailyWire.com
President Trump stayed silent through the day Thursday, choosing to let his sons dismember former FBI director James Comey's blundering testimony before the Senate Intelligence Committee.
But at 6:10 a.m. on Friday, the president finally let us know what he thought of the day.
Despite so many false statements and lies, total and complete vindication…and WOW, Comey is a leaker!
— Donald J. Trump (@realDonaldTrump) June 9, 2017
The mainstream media listed Trump as one of the "losers" of the day (did CNN even bother to listen to the testimony or did they write the story the night before?). Here's what writer Chris Cillizza said:
The good news for Trump? Legally speaking it may be tough to prove obstruction of justice because, as several Republican senators noted during Comey's testimony, saying you "hope" an investigation gets dropped and actually telling the FBI director to drop the investigation aren't the same thing. But, that's about it in terms of good news. Comey repeatedly cast Trump as a liar, insisting that a number of claims made by the President about their interactions were totally false. He also said, with no equivocation, that Trump saying he hoped Comey could find a way to end the Flynn investigation amounted to a "directive" from the President of the United States. There was no smoking gun here. But, if this investigation ultimately comes down to Comey's word versus Trump's, the FBI director helped his credibility on Thursday — meaning that Trump's took a hit.
Cillizza also listed Comey as a winner.
But nuh huh. there were only three takeaways from Thursdays' hearing, and they were:
Trump is not now, nor has he ever been, under investigation by the FBI.
President Obama's attorney general, Loretta Lynch, told Comey not to call the probe into Hillary Clinton's endless scandals an "investigation," but rather a "matter."
Comey himself leaked his own "diary" memo about meetings with Trump, giving them to a friend to pass to the media.
That's it. That was the whole day.
And Trump knows it.


text:
Reduce your parcel shipping expenses through software
By: Adam Burroughs | 11:25am EDT September 27, 2018
Parcel delivery is more than shipping packages on time. There are elements of auditing and contract negotiation that when applied diligently can recover hidden savings.
"Say you ship a package through one of the major carriers using next day air so it arrives at 10 a.m. If it gets there at 10:01 a.m., it's late, which is not uncommon, and you could be due a refund. However, if no one at the company is auditing shipments, there's no way to know a refund is due. Companies that make hundreds of thousands of shipments are leaving a lot of unclaimed money out there," says George W. Reyes, executive vice president at AMWARE Companies.
Companies can also find savings through contract engineering, which is a process of comparing rates to identify discounts that can be applied to pricing agreements.
Fortunately, in both cases, that work can be done through time-saving software. Unfortunately, most companies don't realize that such software exists.
Smart Business spoke with Reyes about how parcel auditing and contract engineering software can be deployed to save money on shipping.
What challenges come with parcel audits?
Companies often skip parcel audits because the manual process is time-consuming and laborious. Carriers send shipping invoices weekly, each of which can be hundreds of pages.
Most companies don't have parcel auditing software in house. Instead, someone in the accounting department spends a considerable amount of time thumbing through shipping invoices to find any incorrect charges. And there's a lot to look at.
Among the issues to review are shipping times, which should be checked against the guaranteed delivery times to see if a refund is due for late delivery. Also, the major carriers assume a package's weight through its dimensions. There are enough instances of incorrect weight assumptions that companies that don't catch the error will overpay for a shipment.
Why scrutinize pricing agreements?
Pricing agreements for parcel shipping are designed to be confusing. To untangle the language, companies use contract engineering, which is another method of ensuring parcel shipping costs are kept as low as possible. Many companies are unaware of what can be negotiated in an agreement.
Much like parcel auditing, contract engineering is done through software, instantly comparing levels of service with thousands of other shippers to find appropriate discounts and improve pricing agreements with carriers.
How is parcel auditing and contract engineering software implemented?
Adopting the auditing software is easy. Not much about companies' shipping processes change — they will still get invoices from their carriers and still pay them directly. Companies just set up an online account and the software automatically does the rest.
Contract engineering is a little more involved. It uses data captured though the auditing software to analyze better pricing agreements. The process typically takes one month, largely because the new agreement needs to be negotiated with and changed by the carrier.
What does the software cost?
Typically there are no costs. Whatever savings are found through an audit — companies typically save 5 to 6 percent on shipping — is split evenly between the software provider and the company. That means the software doesn't have to be a budgeted line item because it's paid for exclusively through found money. That money was already spent on shipping, and now some of it is coming back just by uncovering errors.
It's the same with contract engineering — it's paid for entirely through found money. If a discount can be found on shipping, part of that savings comes back to the company, offsetting its shipping costs, while the other part pays for the software.
Don't be taken advantage of by the only two major parcel carriers in the market. Find a partner that has the technology and software to ease the pain of auditing and negotiating parcel agreements. ●
Insights Logistics is brought to you by Amware
George W. Reyes
executive vice president, AMWARE Companies
http://www.amware.com/
info@amware.com
Learn more about software that can save you money on your parcel shipping at
www.amware.com/parcel
Increase business profitability with parcel-managed services
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United Parcel Service reports higher profit, affirms outlook