text:
Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe's longtime president, dies at 95
Then-President Robert Mugabe addresses the media after voting at a polling station in Zimbabwe's runoff presidential election in 2017.
By Robyn Dixon
JOHANNESBURG, South Africa —
On the eve of Zimbabwe's national elections in July 2018, Robert Mugabe held a surprise news conference at his sprawling "Blue Roof" compound in Harare, where he'd been confined since his own soldiers ousted him just months earlier.
It was one of the last times reporters would scrum for position to hear the former president, and he sat — fragile and defiant — and complained at length about his treatment since being kicked out of office. His wife, Grace Mugabe, sat to the side and periodically reminded him to stay on message.
It was a typical display of bravado for the iconic freedom fighter and controversial politician — sidelined, disgraced and yet also empowered with the instinctive understanding of his undeniable legacy. If he wanted to speak, people would still listen. And so they did.
One of the last of Africa's "Big Men," Mugabe died Friday in Singapore after an inglorious exit from leadership. Once a respected liberation leader, he had become an international pariah, and the nation cheered when the military took him into custody. He retired in 2017 rather than face the humiliation of impeachment. He died at 95.
When Mugabe took over as Zimbabwean president in 1980, there were wild celebrations for the hero of the liberation war against Britain. After a catastrophic economic collapse sparked by the seizure of white-owned farms, international sanctions and a series of fraudulent elections, Mugabe was still in there. Other than in the few Mugabe strongholds, it was difficult to find a Zimbabwean with a good word to say for him.
Educated and polished, fond of Savile Row suits and with a string of degrees, the rural cattle-herding boy turned English gentleman also impressed Western leaders and journalists when he came to power. If a little cold, he was seen as the brightest hope of the African liberation movement, a vast improvement on his predecessor, the white supremacist Ian Smith.
After the first quarter-century of Mugabe's tyranny, many ordinary Zimbabweans looked back on Smith's era with nostalgia, while racists, white farmers, black union officials and priests found themselves on the same side, opposing him.
Millions fled into exile, as much to escape the economic hopelessness as to escape the regime's repression.
In his final years Mugabe was frequently photographed snoozing during important African summit meetings — clinging to power, though barely able to stay awake.
His tenure came to be defined by a question: How did this intelligent, promising leader turn out to be such an embittered, ruthless leader?
There were many pop-psychology theories: Was it the harsh family background with a father who deserted him, refusing to even pay school fees, and his strict, remote and pious Roman Catholic mother? Or was it the death of his first wife, Sally, seen by many as a gentle moderating influence? Some suggested it was jealousy of the region's bright star, Nelson Mandela, the globally adored South African leader who, like Mugabe, embraced violence in the liberation struggle but came to be a peacemaker.
But others, like the author Martin Meredith, who wrote "Our Votes, Our Guns: Robert Mugabe and the Tragedy of Zimbabwe," argue Mugabe was always a tyrant, from the beginning of the liberation struggle. In Mozambique, where he and other liberation fighters fled into exile, he was ruthless with rivals and dissenters alike.
The defining quality of his leadership was his response to any political threat. He struck hard, using violence and fear to crush opponents. People in the ruling ZANU-PF party who opposed his drive for one-party rule in the 1990s had mysterious car "accidents."
As liberation movements mushroomed across Africa during the Cold War, when America and the Soviet Union divided up the continent and fought proxy wars on foreign soil, South Africa's African National Congress drew its Marxist inspiration from Moscow. But Mugabe turned to China and North Korea, which trained his notorious Fifth Brigade.
The list of abuses is not short. The motive, almost invariably, involved consolidating power or crushing dissent.
There was Gukurahundi — Shona for "the early rain that washes away the chaff before the spring rains" — an early 1980s rampage by the Fifth Brigade that left thousands dead in Matabeleland in southern Zimbabwe.
In 2000, rural farm workers and white farmers were attacked and had their land confiscated after Britain went back on a promise to compensate white farmers so that land could be transferred to blacks. There was another side to it, analysts argued: Mugabe perceived white farmers as the enemy, because they had sided with the opposition, and was determined to crush them.
There was Operation Murambatsvina ("clean out the filth") in 2005: About 700,000 shack dwellers in urban opposition strongholds were forced from their homes by the army. Their houses were razed, and they were ordered into the countryside. Thousands suffering from HIV/AIDS died in rural areas or the outskirts of towns with no access to doctors or treatment. Others never recovered financially.
In 2007, facing election defeat, Mugabe unleashed another campaign, setting up military base camps across the country, kidnapping and beating and killing opposition supporters.
Robert Gabriel Mugabe was born Feb. 21, 1924, in a rural village in what was then Southern Rhodesia. He was a loner and a bookworm who shunned other children. He was educated at a Catholic mission, and the local priest, Father Jerome O'Hea, was convinced he was leadership material. His mother, Bona, had high expectations.
Mugabe traveled to Ghana and met teacher Sally Hayfron in 1960, marrying her in 1961. The descriptions of his domestic life by Sally's niece Patricia Bekele contained in Heidi Holland's book "Dinner With Mugabe" suggest a blissful time. In the early 1980s he would come home to Zimbabwe's State House, calling for Sally, slamming the doors so she would hear he was home and come quickly to him. He'd sit in the garden with her, reading a Graham Greene novel and occasionally kissing her.
They spent their early years of marriage apart. In 1964, he was jailed for 10 years as one of the movement's leaders. His first son was named Nhamodzenyika, which means "suffering country," and died in 1966 in Ghana with Sally while Mugabe was in prison. He was not allowed to go to the funeral.
In 1975, Mugabe fled into exile in Mozambique, where he led ZANU-PF in its bush war against Smith's white-minority government.
Mugabe was at the center of the talks in Britain that ended the bush war and set the scene for Zimbabwe's democratic elections in 1980. Under the deal, Mugabe promised reconciliation with Rhodesian whites, offering them 20% of seats in parliament for the first 10 years. He believed he had a binding verbal promise that Britain would help pay the cost of compensation to white farmers, who were to be removed on a "willing buyer, willing seller" basis, a deal the British repudiated in 1997.
Dumiso Dabengwa, a senior ZANU-PF official who left the party in 2008 and died in 2019, said earlier that the West ignored the violence and beatings Mugabe unleashed in the first elections — particularly inMatabeleland, where people were loyal to the rival liberation movement, ZAPU.
The violence went unreported in the Western media — like the Matabeleland massacres that followed. According to witnesses, villagers were locked into huts and burned alive. Men were seized, tortured and killed. Estimates of the number killed range from 2,000 to 20,000.
Mugabe made a peace deal with the ZAPU leader, Joshua Nkomo, in 1988, merging the two movements, but in reality ZANU simply gobbled up ZAPU.
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, determined to implement a one-party state, he sent senior party cadres to North Korea, where they were supposed to be impressed by the system. Instead, they were horrified by what they saw and returned opposed.
In 1992, Sally died of kidney disease, and in 1996 Mugabe married his secretary: Grace Marufu, 30 years his junior, disliked in Zimbabwe for her taste in Italian shoes and lavish shopping sprees abroad.
Mugabe held no fewer than seven degrees, but he was a Marxist ideologue, with little comprehension of the impact of land reform and cash grants to war veterans.
Under pressure from the World Bank and International Monetary Fund, he introduced painful economic reforms in the early 1990s, causing job losses and inflaming dissent. Coupled with several years of severe drought, Mugabe faced unemployment, poverty and serious opposition.
Veterans, who had been promised land in return for their independence war effort, grew restless and demanding. In 1997, he agreed to pay 50,000 Zimbabwean dollars apiece to each of the 45,000 unemployed war veterans (enough to buy a house or business) and a monthly pension of 2,000 Zimbabwean dollars. The dollar crashed overnight and the economy was crippled.
Zimbabwe's first opposition party, the Movement for Democratic Change, led by a union leader named Morgan Tsvangirai, sprang from the anger over the impact of the economic reforms. Soon after the MDC's formation, security operatives invaded Tsvangirai's office in a multi-story building and tried to throw him out the window. (Tsvangirai died in 2018.)
Mugabe tried to widen his presidential powers in a 1999 referendum, but the MDC campaigned heavily against him, supported by the checkbooks of white farmers. He lost: his first defeat.
Stunned, he lashed out at the MDC and white farmers. MDC activists were arrested, tortured and killed.
Feeling betrayed by Britain after the repudiation of the deal to pay compensation to white farmers, he invited war veterans to take farms. Thousands of white farms were seized by war veterans without compensation, white farm families were terrorized and some 300,000 black farm workers were left jobless. Many were beaten, raped or killed.
Later, the farms were taken from veterans by ruling-party stalwarts, including generals, judges, intelligence chiefs and members of Mugabe's family. Farming collapsed, and the agriculture-based economy in what was once the breadbasket of southern Africa went into severe decline. The move to quash title deeds had a catastrophic effect on investment — destroying the economy, although Mugabe always blamed Western sanctions for his economic problems.
The tobacco industry, one of the main earners of foreign exchange, shrank quickly as farms were seized and production plummeted. Mugabe responded by printing money. Zimbabwe had the highest inflation ever known, more than 200 million percent. Notes lasted just days before they became unusable.
Mugabe's brother liberation leaders, such as South Africa's Thabo Mbeki and Jacob Zuma, were supportive, wary of a union-based opposition movement defeating a liberation movement. But they did force some electoral changes on Mugabe, making it hard for him to manipulate results in the 2008 presidential election.
When results indicated a runoff between Mugabe and Tsvangirai, and huge losses in ZANU-PF's heartland, Mugabe's thugs came out again. Mugabe claimed victory but was eventually forced by African leaders to implement a government of national unity with Tsvangirai and other opposition figures.
In 2013, Mugabe again won reelection in a ballot tainted by widespread allegations of voter fraud. His frequent trips abroad for medical care stirred controversy.
By 2017, he had become so unpopular that the military staged a coup and took Mugabe and his wife — who had had her eyes on succeeding her increasingly frail husband — into custody. Within days, impeachment proceedings began and Mugabe, realizing he now had little room to maneuver, resigned. He was granted immunity and, again at government expense, was provided a five-bedroom house and a staff that included cooks, secretaries and armed guards, though he spent much of his final years hospitalized.
Mugabe is survived by his wife, Grace, and three children, Bona, Robert and Bellarmine Chatunga.
Special correspondent Krista Mahr in Johannesburg contributed to this report.
ObituariesWorld & Nation
Must-read stories from the L.A. Times
Get all the day's most vital news with our Today's Headlines newsletter, sent every weekday morning.
Robyn Dixon was a foreign correspondent for the Los Angeles Times. She has reported from China, sub-Saharan Africa, Russia, the Caucasus, Central Asia and other parts of the former Soviet Union, as well as Afghanistan and Iraq. She left The Times in October 2019.
Phil Spector, music producer convicted of murder, dies at 81 after contracting COVID-19
Phil Spector was hospitalized after he became ill with COVID-19, said a source familiar with his medical condition.
Physician who declared Trump would be the healthiest president in history dies
Dr. Harold N. Bornstein, who once issued a statement declaring Donald Trump's health "astonishingly excellent" despite his fast-food diet, dies at 73.
Sylvain Sylvain, guitarist for glam-punk icons New York Dolls, dies at 69
Sylvain was described as the 'heart and soul' of the New York Dolls, as both guitarist and as mastermind of their vanguard style.
Search Obituaries & Guest Books on Legacy.com
Honor a loved one, place an obituary notice
More Obituaries
Joanne Rogers, widow of TV's famed Mister Rogers and concert pianist, dies at 92
Joanne Rogers, the widow of Fred Rogers, the gentle TV host who entertained and educated generations on "Mister Rogers' Neighborhood," died Thursday.
Would Mister Rogers know how to make us feel better right now?
Renie Bardeau, photographer who captured Disneyland's early evolution, dies
Bardeau, credited with documenting Disneyland's every nook and cranny for nearly four decades, had contracted COVID-19.
Siegfried Fischbacher, of Siegfried & Roy big-cat illusionist team, dies
Siegfried Fischbacher, the magician who performed with Roy Horn for more than four decades as Las Vegas act Siegfried & Roy, has died of cancer. He was 81.
Roy Horn, dark-haired half of flamboyant illusionists Siegfried & Roy, dies of coronavirus-related complications
Rafael 'Ray' Vega, who owned celebrity favorite Casa Vega Mexican restaurant, dies
Rafael "Ray" Vega, who helped popularize Mexican food in the San Fernando Valley with Casa Vega restaurant, and who was a successful Las Vegas businessman, has died at 86.
Khalid bin Abdullah, Saudi prince and renowned international racehorse owner, dies at 83
The owner of Juddmonte Farms bred superstar racehorses around the world.
Sheldon Adelson, billionaire casino owner and Republican mega-donor, dies at 87
Adelson, who went from a childhood in the mean streets of Boston to become one of America's richest men, used his wealth to buy political influence.


This is a very unique, high quality recreational and leisure vehicle.? Building a Pedal Car has many advantages over traditional vehicles – bicycles, tandems, adult tricycles or golf carts. It's uses are limited only by one's imagination. Uses can range from enjoying the outdoors at home, a cottage or a resort.
A Car Bike has commercial applications as well, a multipurpose utility vehicle or golf cart.? The plans show how to create a 1 seat, 2 seat, or truck version of the unique CAR BIKE.? The pedal powered CAR BIKE promotes physical fitness and good health as well as cleaner air for all.
Alternative part sources are also explored to help you build the car of your dreams.
Constructed of a strong, lightweight 2 inch welded metal frame, the design offers strength and versatility.? 20″ or 24″ Bicycle or tricycle parts make up the bulk of the hardware, and are readily available both new and used.? You can take these plans and turn your personal CAR BIKE into any style of vehicle? you want.
The finished product is lots of fun.? Everyone will be wanting to take your unique CAR BIKE for a ride.


text:
Q: spring boot query , what's wrong with this? I'm trying to get data from db based on multiple conditions and I'm getting exception error:
   "The string  starts a quoted range at 69, but never ends it"
@Query("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE (u.name = ?1 and u.status= ?2)")
List<User> findUsers(String name, String status);

//at controller

@GetMapping("active")
    public List<User> findUsers()
    {
        String name= "Ali";
        String status = "ACT";
        return repository.findUsers(name, status);
    }

A: You parameter are not mapping properly.
Map the parameter using @Param
@Query("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE (u.name = :name and u.status= :status)")
List<User> findUsers(@Param("name") String name, @Param("status") String status);

Or
Use the order of method parameters in the method declaration
@Query("SELECT u FROM User u WHERE (u.name = ?1 and u.status= ?2)")
List<User> findUsers(String name, String status);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Be with the process that is now unfolding and allow the legal jargon to unfold as it must, as it has to, as is necessary. Don't go off half cocked and don't go off doing anything half way anywhere. You have been supported for this long, now is not the time to lose your head.


text:
Home » Getting into the Game : Airsoft Articles » The Ultimate Guide to BDUs and ACUs (Battle Dress Uniform vs Army Combat Uniform)
Getting into the Game : Airsoft Articles
The Ultimate Guide to BDUs and ACUs (Battle Dress Uniform vs Army Combat Uniform)
Kevin Matamoros
So you're tired of showing up to the field in that ratty old hoodie. Tired of its dark navy getting you spotted at outdoor fields. Maybe it was your good hoodie until it saw airsoft combat. Let's not even talk about the jeans you shredded with those sweet tactical slides. You need something with more durability, something literally designed for combat. So you find yourself in the market for a BDU set. But, like most things with airsoft, there are so many choices! Let us help you make the decision between the two most common choices, the BDU and the ACU with the Ultimate Guide to BDUs explained.
Glove Up! 5 Best Tactical Airsoft Gloves 2020 [Hand Protection]
Pack It! 5 Best Tactical Airsoft Backpack 2019 [Handy]
Safety First! 5 Best Airsoft Helmet Setup 2019 [Protect Yourself]
Too Close For Comfort! CQB Tactics [Adapt And Overcome…]
Mix It Up! 8 Airsoft Game Types [Murder, Betrayal, Total Domination…]
How Camouflage was Started. Brief History of BDUs
Here's a brief look at camouflage and BDUs origins explained by the USA TODAY Network.
During the Spanish-American War, the blue coats of U.S. troops fighting in Cuba were visible targets to snipers. Troops smeared mud on their uniforms to be less conspicuous.
The U.S. Army changed its summer uniform to the brown khaki worn by British troops in India. The Army also adopted camouflage color for its winter service uniform– a dull, greenish-brown color designed as "olive-drab." The blue uniform is kept for "dress" occasions
World War I era:
With the emergence of machines guns, trench warfare and aerial photography, major armies worked on developing low-visibility uniforms. The U.S. Army formed a camouflage unit made up of camofleurs — people who were artists and designers in their civilian lives.
World War II era:
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers experimented with camouflage uniforms in 1940. In 1943, U.S. Marines in the Solomon Islands wear reversible beach/jungle coveralls with green-and-brown "frog" patterns.
The Marine Corps soon adopted a two-piece uniform made of the same camouflage material. It also used the frog pattern on helmet covers, ponchos and shelters. In 1944, U.S. troops — especially airborne pathfinder units landing in Normandy — camouflaged their uniforms by painting splotches and stripes on their jumpsuits. By the end of the war, camouflage combat suits lost favor; the brown side washed out and looked pink, and the two weights of material in the reversible uniform made it hot.
1950s:
Camouflage uniforms in a leaf-and-twig pattern introduced but were not widely worn and soon dropped. The camouflage helmet and shelters issued in the 1950's survived, though.
There was no new official camouflage uniform for fighting in Vietnam. The camouflage Battle Dress Uniform (BDU), with a four-color pattern developed by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Laboratory (ERDL) in 1948, saw limited use in the Army, which preferred the solid olive-green "boonie suit."
Other unofficial patterns used in Vietnam included black horizontal stripes over a dark-and-light-green background, adopted from the Vietnamese tigerstripe pattern (itself based on French patterns from 1953), or commercial "duck hunter" patterns.
By 1965, Navy SEALs, Green Berets and other Special Forces acquired "Tigerstripe" which became the thing to wear, on- and off-duty. Non-Tigerstripe camouflage was introduced in 1967, when the American ERDL developed an early woodland-style leaf pattern.
Research into camouflage patterns continued. In the late 1970s, the large four-color pattern of black, brown, green and khaki, called M81 woodland, became the new standard U.S. camouflage. Designed during the Cold War, woodland made soldiers less visible in a European environment. It was authorized for wear by all branches of the military.
BDUs were born. The woodland camouflage pattern was officially introduced in 1981 with the new Battle Dress Uniform (BDU). American troops wear woodland camouflage during the Grenada invasion in 1983. Meanwhile, the U.S. issues a six-color, desert-shaded uniform (dubbed "chocolate chip"), which is later associated with Norma Schwarzkopf during the Gulf War.
Gulf War era:
Desert camouflage was essential in the early 1990's with the outbreak of the Persian Gulf War. The six-color "chocolate chip" cammie — with its dark brown and gray hues, black specks and tightly mottled pattern — became associated with the war. In 1992, it was replaced with a three-color desert pattern of tan, brown and light khaki green — and a more subdued pattern. A nighttime desert pattern, with little black squares and checks of white and black, was used on jackets. It was designed to interfere with night-vision devices.
Iraq and Afghanistan Wars:
In 2004, the Army adopted a three-color Universal Camouflage Pattern (UCP), which was worn in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom. It is a computer-generated mix of green, tan and gray that helps soldiers blend into woodland, desert and urban environments.
What's next:
The Army plans to phase out UCP and replace it with Operational Camouflage Pattern, with a color palette of muted green, light beige and dark brown. The pattern's use will extend beyond Afghanistan to all combatant commands.
Types of BDUs in Service Today
Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform (MARPAT)
The MCCUU is intended for wear in the field or for working parties, but has become the typical working uniform for all deployed and most garrison U.S. Marines and U.S. Navy sailors. Initially the variety worn depended on the environment and season: Deployed Marines wore whichever color is more appropriate to the climate and terrain, Marines in garrison wore the woodland MCCUU in winter months, and the desert MCCUU in summer months. However, the Marine Corps announced on December 8, 2016 that the desert pattern would no longer be worn in garrison. Instead, the woodland MCCUU will be worn year-round, with the sleeves rolled up during the summer and down during the winter.
Until recently, the sleeves of the blouse were normally worn rolled up while in garrison during summer months. However, the Uniform Board announced that as of October 24, 2011, this will no longer be allowed. This decision was later reversed when Marine Corps Commandant General James Amos announced on February 25, 2014, that the Marine Corps will return to its former standard of rolling up the sleeves while in garrison during summer months, effective March 9, 2014.
Unlike the previous BDUs, the MCCUU was designed to be used with body armor, which previously restricted access to front pockets. To further distinguish the uniform, upon close examination, the Eagle, Globe, and Anchor can be found within the pattern. Its use as a combat uniform has led to some strict regulations for wear in garrison: the MCCUU may not be worn off base, although it may be worn when commuting to and from duty in a private vehicle. Dismounting for incidental stops en route off of a military installation is no longer permissible excepting legitimate emergencies only.
Navy Working Uniform
In August 2016 the U.S. Navy announced that it will be eliminating the NWU Type I in favor of the Type III which completely replaced it on 1 October 2019 for wear as the standard working uniform for all Navy personnel ashore. Type III NWUs began being sold across the U.S. and issued to new U.S. Navy recruits and officer candidates from October 2017 onward, with production of the NWU Type I being ended. The Type II will remain restricted to wear by Naval Special Warfare sailors in arid desert environments.
The New York Naval Militia mirrored the Navy's policy of phasing out the NWU Type I in favor of the NWU Type III.The Ohio Naval Militia automatically follows the regulations set forth by the Department of the Navy and will phase into the new uniform on the same timescale as the Navy.
In 2018, the eight-point cover used with the Type III NWU began featuring the Anchor, Constitution and Eagle (ACE) logo in place of where the rank or rate insignia would normally be worn, similar to the how the eight-point covers on the U.S. Marine Corps' MCCUUs are worn. In October 2019, the ACE logo completely replaced rank insignia on the NWU Type III's eight-point cover.
Operational Camouflage Pattern (ACU)
The Army Combat Uniform patterned in OCP first became available to U.S. Army soldiers on 1 July 2015 at 20 locations in the contiguous United States and in South Korea, with first-day sales exceeding $1.4 million. More installations began sales later in 2015, although soldiers deploying on real-world missions will receive uniforms and equipment printed in OCP. The T-shirt and belt in the new Coyote 498 color are available, though soldiers are allowed to continue to wear their current T-shirt, belt, and boots in Tan 499 until October 2019, when the new pattern becomes mandatory. Body armor, packs, and pouches in previous UCP and MultiCam patterns will be worn until they can be altered with OCP.
On 14 May 2018, the U.S. Air Force announced that all airmen will transition from the Airman Battle Uniform to the OCP uniform. All Airmen will be allowed to wear OCP uniforms beginning 1 October 2018. Recruits in basic training, and cadets in Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps, and Officer Training School will start being issued OCPs on 1 October 2019. All Airmen will be required to own OCP uniforms by 1 April 2021.
The U.S. Space Force has also adopted the OCP uniform, but with navy blue thread for ranks and tapes.
Operational Dress Uniform
In 2015, the ODU uniform was adopted as the daily work uniform of the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, replacing the Battle Dress Uniform.
In August 2016, the United States Navy announced it was eliminating the Navy Working Uniform Type I in favor of the Type III as its standard working uniform ashore. The Type I has earlier been found to not be suitable for shipboard use and the Navy began developing a standard uniform for sea duty. The ODU has been viewed as one potential model.
In September 2017, Coast Guard Uniform Board 47 announced several changes to the ODU. Notably, the Coast Guard insignia would no longer be embroidered on the trouser pocket flaps and that "U.S. COAST GUARD" would no longer be stenciled on the left breast of the T-shirt. Additionally, wear of the boonie hat was more widely permitted.
Airman Battle Uniform
The Airman Battle Uniform is similar to the Universal Camouflage Pattern (UCP) in color, with the inclusion of slate blue, but is otherwise nearly identical to the BDU cut. The ABU is to be worn with sage green combat boots. The ABU does have essential NIR (near-infra red) qualities, and the sleeves are authorized to be rolled up.
Overview of the Airman Battle Uniform is as follows:
Patrol cap.
Boonie cover is available for the ABU for use in deployed locations.
Organizational ballcaps are authorized for RED HORSE and Combat Arms Training and Maintenance personnel.
Berets are authorized for Special Warfare, Security Forces, and Combat Aviation Advisers.
Sage-green or black watch cap for cold climate environments with outerwear.
Sand T-shirt
All insignia, including occupational badges (aeronautical wings, occupational badges, etc.), are embroidered in midnight-blue thread with urban-gray background with the exception of rank insignia for 2nd Lieutenant and Major, which incorporate brown thread.
Name and service tapes are embroidered in midnight-blue thread on ABU patterned background tapes.
Chaplain, aeronautical, space, cyber, missile, occupational badges, duty shields, commander's badge, and weapons school patches are authorized.
Outerwear such as APECS parka and sage green fleece are authorized for the ABU
Sand rigger's belt
Sage green combat boots
DLA green socks.
U.S. airmen wearing ABUs on an exercise in 2011
Backpacks and other accessories must be sage, black, or ABU pattern.
BDUs, Camouflage and You
There are many benefits to owning BDUs or ACUs for airsoft. First, you no longer have to sacrifice your wardrobe to 6mm battlefield conditions. BDUs and ACUs are made to take a beating without going to pieces. The clothes you wear every day may make a good militia or undercover outfit, but they won't be in the best condition when you leave the field. When you put on a camouflage outfit, you mask the shape of your body with odd patterns and colors. It will take an extra second for someone to spot you when they're looking over their surroundings. If your enemy passes you over for even a moment, you can shoot before they shoot you.
The color of your camo pattern will also affect your readability. You need to choose the right pattern for the right field. You'll blend in better at indoor fields with darker more urban colors. Look for shades of black. browns and dark blues or grey also work well. For outdoor games, you'll need to tailor your look to the season and the foliage you find in the area. Light greens blend in best with more places, my personal suggestion is going with MARPT camo for outdoors. It does an amazing job of blending you into foliage and shadows then most other BDUs out there. Some suggest Tan although from experience, I'll find you much quicker with lighter sand colors then I would if you had a more natural camo. If you play sports, you know having the uniform right is almost as important as playing right. After all, you wouldn't take to a baseball diamond or football field in your street clothes. Sliding your arms into the sleeves of an airsoft combat outfit becomes part of the ritual. It gets you in the mindset for a day at the field.
There's also something to be said for the tactical fashion show that is the staging area. Getting the pieces of BDUs just right can be a joy. I've seen loads of World War II and Vietnam era infantry BDUs. If you have more modern tastes, the BDU and the ACU are what you have to choose from. Just make sure you don't attach any medals or honors to your outfit. That's called Stolen Valor. Veterans won't appreciate your misrepresentation of their service if you pretend you earned what you wear.
A Little Old School: The Battle Dress Uniform (BDU)
If you're trying to build a Cold War era specific outfit, the BDU is the essential choice. The Battle Dress Uniform was issued across all American service branches by 1981. You'll know it when you see it. Manufacturers originally printed BDUs in that roughly leaf-like pattern. Most armed service branches in the States did away with BDUs by 2004 in favor of specialized patterns and colors. Pure BDUs work best in the dark or with dark foliage. If your favorite field is indoors, the BDU may be a good choice for you. The shadows all over the place will give you a little more time for players to recognize you as a target. The green leafiness of your outfit will also work well in tall green plants. You would be surprised how well a bit of tall grass will hide you.
Of course, now you can find BDUs in all sorts of colors such as or Savage Orange. There's even a glamouflage version, which is great if your goal is to stand out instead of blend in. In fact, that's one of the strengths of the BDU. Because it's been around longer, more manufacturers have had the opportunity to customize it for the civilian market. If you're looking for a quality BDU in the classic ERDL pattern, the Emerson has you covered. It has the essential coloring for your period specific needs. There are also some modern touches. The shirt is made mostly of that temperature control material that keeps you cool under your gear.
New School: The Army Combat Uniform (ACU)
The Army Combat Uniform refers to many colors and patterns used by the United States Armed Forces since 2004. Because of this, it's going to be difficult to talk about the merits of individual outfits. Until 2010, ACUs used to be this digital pattern. If you're looking for the in vogue pattern on the tactical runway, you want MultiCam or Scorpion W2. The more recent patterns are almost the same. The U.S. Army plans to replace their stock of MultiCam gear by October 2019. By then, the Army will call the outfit the Operational Camouflage Pattern. Because of its modern design, you're more likely to blend in with more backgrounds wearing a set of ACUs. You'll also find gear in these camo patterns.
Packs, combat vests and even external airsoft M4 parts come in ACU patterns. A strong choice for your ACU needs is Propper. Their products are sewn to U.S. military specifications, so they're sure to stand up to airsoft use. Propper makes both the older digital pattern for coats and pants as well as multiCam outfits. If you want options with the breathable material on the torso, take at look at what tactical gear makers Condor and Rothco have to offer. If you're like me, there is no substitute for a good set of black cammies. Tru-Spec is another strong brand. They have a black multiCam shirt with the lightweight material that goes into the best combat shirts.
BDU vs. ACU Final Thoughts
While no outfit will make you completely invisible, camouflage does help. The best way to blend in is to stay still. With your camo outfit, find a spot you blend with and stick with it until you've taken down a few enemies. Stay too long and they will call out your position or worse. The enemies you took out will get you back! Leave us your thoughts in the comments about what your favorite fatigues are and why?
Thank you for visiting myapx.shop and if you liked this article I highly, highly encourage you to check out iamairsoft.com! This site is chalk full of Airsoft information from buying guides to product reviews. And of course if you like any of the products that you see there, please click on one of the BUY NOW buttons to make your purchase on Amazon. As an Amazon affiliate, they make a small commission off any purchase made through their website. This commission is how they can provide you with informative articles. You will not pay more on Amazon if you click through their website because the price is the same. For more great products check out myapx.shop/shop and for more information about the game, check out iamairsoft.com Airsoft Buyers Guides and Airsoft U!
Stuck at Home with Nowhere 2 Go? Top 7 DIY Airsoft Mods You Can Do at Home in 2020
Best Airsoft Rifle for Starters Infograph
Tags: acusarmy combat uniformBattle dress uniformbdusbdus vs acusultimate guide
XC 869
What's in your Gear? Clean House: Does your Gear Make Sense?
Operation: Protect your Scope. A Complete Guide to Prolonging your Scopes Life In and Off the Field
Stuck at Home with Nowhere 2 Go? Top 7 DIY Camo Options for your Weapons or Gear for 2020
The History of Airsoft in the US
Kevin MatamorosSargent Major
Take a moment and tell us what's your favorite fatigues and why?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Windows Live Wave 4: Can it change "hearts and minds"?
There are certainly folks (and many commented on this blog) who would like to see us ship "sooner" and "change more." There are others that we hear from in other forums who "don't like change" and want us to "keep things as they are." And then there are the questions of which features we pick and how long those will take to be delivered with quality. In the end, I'll simply say that we are generally happy with our release rhythm and we recognize as well that our customers and competitors continue to innovate, which increases the importance of planning well.
However for Windows Live users, stuck using a barely functional Calendar with no phone sync (read: useless), a Messenger without tabbed conversations (probably the number one feature request forever), or threaded conversations in mail, this isn't about "icing on the cake" type feature releases, it's about basic functionality. Up until now, Microsoft simply hasn't delivered the goods.
But amazingly enough, from the looks of it, we're soon going to get our hands on a well thought out, fully functional, integrated set of services. From the best privacy controls in the business, to a set of social integrations we might actually use, to leading edge mobile services delivered to not only a new Windows Live friendly Windows Phone, but to all the major devices including the iPhone, for once Windows Live users may just be at the front of the pack, instead of trailing badly behind.
We've been with Windows Live since the beginning, sometimes kicking and screaming, but still loyal to the idea that if Microsoft ever got its act together with Windows Live, it could be compelling. In a few short weeks, for the first time, we may be getting our hands on what Windows Live has always promised to be.
Of course then the real work begins, as much of the world's markets aren't like the Netherlands and Brazil. Most people in the US, for example, wouldn't be caught dead using a Hotmail account as part of their personal brand (which is why it's so sad Windows Live botched the Live.com brand and domain so thoroughly), and even with a great set of services the road to repositioning Windows Live as "cool" will be extremely difficult. Windows Live Wave 4 looks to be taking a giant step in the right direction, however, but will it be enough to change hearts and minds?


Every day teenager Chloe Davenport lives with physical and mental torture. Now her search for radical treatment begins.
Now, her search for radical treatment begins.
Visit Mark's Pain Control Programme at www.mindfreeapp.com.


Generic Propecia Cost \ Lowest Prices On The Internet \ High Quality!
India, Viagra Online Blue ALBA bloc of socialist Latin American countries and Egypt publicly registered.
Their objections to certain parts of the Nairobi package during the closing session of the World Trade Organization ministerial conference on Saturday Dec, Generic Propecia Cost.
Canada and Mexico on Monday Dec. NAIROBI, Kenya - Australian Trade Minister Andrew Robb is rejecting.
Demands by Republican members of the U. Congress for changes or clarifications to the market protection term for biologic.
Drugs in the Trans-Pacific Partnership TPP, saying it is a balanced outcome and that going back on it now would unravel the deal.
NAIROBI, Kenya - The United States and other World Trade Organization members are. Taking different positions on wher the wording Generic Propecia Cost the ministerial declaration issued here means the Doha round will continue or not.
NAIROBI, Kenya - Kenyan Cabinet Zoloft 50mg for Foreign Affairs and.
International Trade Amina Mohamed, who is chairing the World Trade Organization ministerial here, on Tuesday Dec.
Davies Generic Propecia Cost Nairobi Must Acknowledge Doha Deadlock, Without Burying Round NAIROBI, Kenya.
South African Trade Minister Rob Davies on Thursday Dec.
I wish I get the answer in a form of a spreadsheet Generic Propecia Cost.
I already know how to sort by price ticket AND luggage, or dates, or airlines, or even by neighboring cities.
I had to use a travel agent for our trip to Germany. But it paid off. With her inventory, she found us a flight with only.
One stop instead of two on a carrier that offered free meals. Having a Generic Propecia Cost schedule also helped as there was Cheap Propecia Online huge difference.
Knowing anything about the protocol. The following steps demonstrate interesting scenarios of OData consumption across different programming. Platforms.
It might be a bit early to book - you should have a. Bit of wiggle room. I think booking weeks out is probably enough if you have a small number. Of travelers. Reply Chris says June, at am Planning to take family to South-Africa.
It allowed you to reinvest Generic Propecia Cost Zoloft Online Cs at no cost.
Alv can those recommended online brokerage trade stocks in LSE. By using its. Simple trading techniques you can have stabilize stream of profits daily.
I am using this product since weeks and i am getting good profit.
I am anxious because I truly want you to be able to take the.
This product is underwritten by CUMIS General Buy Priligy Online Usa Company, a member of the.
Co-operators group of companies, and administered and distributed in Canada, outside of the province of Quebec, by Allianz Global Assistance.
Allianz Global Assistance is a registered business name of AZGA Service Canada Inc.
No new notifications right now. Items you viewed have changed. See details in your ScratchpadItems you viewed have changed!.
See details in your ScratchpadItems you viewed have changed. See details in your ScratchpadItems you Generic Propecia Cost have changed.
In the same place the next Generic Propecia Cost on the off-chance that it Vibramycin Online Cheap happen again.
He got lucky and it did happen again, except the sky also. Featured beautifully wispy clouds and a flock of geese that flew across the sunrise.
However, when the crew saw the shot they used it to bridge the. Night time sequence of the movie into the day time sequence at Coney Island.
At the very end of the movie, the cast were told.
Online australia. Cheapest from valtrex line pills. Buy valtrex online mexico.
Assume Generic Propecia Cost an order was not placed because you failed to receive confirmation.
Tickets purchased on our Site are typically subject to a Mail Order Vibramycin ticket service.
Fee and a non-refundable per Order Strattera processing fee.
In many cases, delivery prices will also be owed. You may be able, in some instances, to purchase tickets.
Directly from the venue box office without paying our service fee. For resale tickets, the buyer will pay fees that may be.
Reflected during the purchase process or that may be included and deducted from the amount displayed as the resale price of the ticket.
When purchasing tickets on our Site, you are limited to a specified number of.
By Pamela Poitier who explains that she has a bad feeling about her boyfriend heading up to The Bronx.
The producers cut this scene stating that the Accutane Acne daytime scene should.
Be at the Generic Propecia Cost of the film after a night of horror. The final version of the movie instead features shots of The Warriors.
Talking about the big meeting.
If it's unusual, you're alerted by e-mail, phone or Levitra 20mg Online and you're.
Never responsible for unauthorized purchases on your Discover card. Double Cash Back your first year creditCardSlugs.
We'll DOUBLE all the cash back you've earned at the end. Of your first year. Only for new cardmembers.


Introducing our most luxurious guest room and, at Blair Hill Inn, that's saying a lot. Built as an addition but created to look like it has always been here, Room 9 is exceptional. Our only first floor guest room, this space is extremely private with stunning views of Moosehead Lake. The beautiful king size bed and two sets of tall, french doors that lead to a private balcony overlooking the lake are magnificent. The floor to ceiling tiled gas fireplace oozes of warmth and style. And, the private bathroom with a deep soaking tub just under a window for 'star-gazing', the glass walled shower and beautiful vanity add sparkle and shine to this absolutely over-the-top guest room.


text:
Godzilla vs Kong: Co-Writer Talks Highlighting Differences Between the Titans
Atlantis Online > Forum > Science Fiction & Fantasy > Godzilla, King of Monsters > Godzilla vs Kong: Co-Writer Talks Highlighting Differences Between the Titans
Author Topic: Godzilla vs Kong: Co-Writer Talks Highlighting Differences Between the Titans (Read 153 times)
Knight of the Grail
TUDOR LEONTEMONDAY, MAY 06, 2019
IMAGE: http://HTTPS://CDN3-WWW.SUPERHEROHYPE.COM/WP-CONTENT/THEMES/SHH-2019/IMAGES/SVG/LOGO_ICON_WHITE.SVG
WATCH GALLERY
IMAGE: http://HTTPS://CDN1-WWW.SUPERHEROHYPE.COM/WP-CONTENT/THEMES/SHH-2019/IMAGES/SVG/FULLSCREEN_ICON_WHITE.SVG
After all is said and done with King Ghidorah in this month's Godzilla: King of the Monsters, the titular Titan will square off with King Kong in next year's Godzilla vs. Kong.
ADVERTISEMENTSCROLL TO CONTINUE READING
In a new interview with SFX Magazine (via OMEGAGORMARU), King of the Monsters director Michael Dougherty opened up about doing some re-writes on next year's highly anticipated battle, specifically how they've focused on the differences between the two iconic kaiju
"Because Kong is a little close to human – he's a primate, as we are – he's allowed to show a slightly larger range of emotions. We expect those very unique, and even warm, bonding moments between Kong and human beings. That goes back to the 1933 film, where he was never strictly a monster; there was always a very human side to him in the ways that he interacts with us. That was a joy to write."
RELATED – Bear McCreary and Serj Tankian Cover "Godzilla" for King of the Monsters Soundtrack
Dougherty explained that Kong has a very tangible "softer side," while Godzilla's is "more implied."
"With Godzilla, that's not expected, that's not to say that you can't do it, but any kind of bond between Godzilla and humans has usually been more implied. So you rarely get to see Godzilla's softer side. Whereas with Kong, it's an essential part of the character. If you ever made a Kong film, where you didn't get to see the softer side of the character, it would fall short."
Read more at https://www.superherohype.com/news/447099-michael-dougherty-explains-differences-between-godzilla-and-king-kong#Zc0xt7EYKOhDVy7q.99


text:
Q: Swift: Natively Detect if App has Crashed I have searched around, but have yet to find an answer that doesn't direct me towards a 3rd party service. I do not need anything intricate, just to save a value in NSUserDefaults so when the app opens next, I can display an alert saying the app has crashed.
Thanks.

A: Details

*

*swift 4.2

*Xcode 10.1 (10B61)

Solution 1
https://github.com/zixun/CrashEye/blob/master/CrashEye/Classes/CrashEye.swift
Full sample of solution 1

!!! DO NOT FORGET TO COPY (or INSTALL POD) SOLUTION CODE !!!
AppDelegate.swift

import UIKit

@UIApplicationMain
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {

    var window: UIWindow?

    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
        CrashEye.add(delegate: self)
        return true
    }
}

extension AppDelegate: CrashEyeDelegate {
    func crashEyeDidCatchCrash(with model: CrashModel) {
        UserDefaults.standard.set(model.reason + "(\(Date()))", forKey: "crash")
    }
}

ViewController.swift

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        let button = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 40, y: 40, width: 80, height: 44))
        button.setTitle("BOOOM", for: .normal)
        button.setTitleColor(.blue, for: .normal)
        button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(boomButtonTouchedUpInside), for: .touchUpInside)
        view.addSubview(button)
    }

    override func viewDidAppear(_ animated: Bool) {
        if let date = UserDefaults.standard.string(forKey: "crash") {
            let alert = UIAlertController(title: "", message: date, preferredStyle: .alert)
            alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "Cancel", style: .cancel, handler: nil))
            present(alert, animated: true)
        }
    }

    @objc func boomButtonTouchedUpInside(_ sender: Any) {
        let arr = [1, 2, 3]
        let elem = arr[4]
    }
}

Solution 2. Crashlytics

Install Crashlytics

Full sample of solution 2

AppDelegate.swift

import UIKit
import Fabric
import Crashlytics

@UIApplicationMain
class AppDelegate: UIResponder, UIApplicationDelegate {

    var window: UIWindow?

    func application(_ application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?) -> Bool {
        Crashlytics.sharedInstance().delegate = self
        Fabric.with([Crashlytics.self])
        return true
    }
}

extension AppDelegate: CrashlyticsDelegate {
    func crashlyticsDidDetectReport(forLastExecution report: CLSReport) {
        let alert = UIAlertController(title: "\(report.dateCreated)", message: report.identifier, preferredStyle: .alert)
        alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "Cancel", style: .cancel, handler: nil))
        DispatchQueue.global(qos: .background).async {
            sleep(3)
            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                self.window?.rootViewController?.present(alert, animated: true)
            }
        }
    }
}

ViewController.swift

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        let button = UIButton(frame: CGRect(x: 40, y: 40, width: 80, height: 44))
        button.setTitle("BOOOM", for: .normal)
        button.setTitleColor(.blue, for: .normal)
        button.addTarget(self, action: #selector(boomButtonTouchedUpInside), for: .touchUpInside)
        view.addSubview(button)
    }

    @objc func boomButtonTouchedUpInside(_ sender: Any) {
        let arr = [1, 2, 3]
        let elem = arr[4]
    }
}

Results

*

*Launch app

*Push "Booom" button (app will crash)

*Lunch app again

A: Thanks to a little help from @RyanCollins, I was able to solve the problem myself. The function applicationWillTerminate in the App Delegate only runs when the app closes properly. The code to natively detecting an app crash looks like this.
Globally Defined Variables
let crashedNotificationKey = "com.stackoverflow.crashNotificationKey"
var crashedLastTime = true

App Delegate
func applicationWillTerminate(application: UIApplication) {
    crashedLastTime = false
    prefs.setBool(crashedLastTime, forKey: "crash")
}

func application(application: UIApplication, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [NSObject: AnyObject]?) -> Bool {
    crashedLastTime = prefs.boolForKey("crash")
    if crashedLastTime == true {

        crashedLastTime = false
        prefs.setBool(crashedLastTime, forKey: "crash")
        NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().postNotificationName(crashedNotificationKey, object: self)

    } else {

        crashedLastTime = true
        prefs.setBool(crashedLastTime, forKey: "crash")

    }

    return true
}

Root View Controller
override func awakeFromNib() {
    NSNotificationCenter.defaultCenter().addObserver(self, selector: "crashedAlert", name: crashedNotificationKey, object: nil)
}

func crashedAlert() {
    let alert = UIAlertController(title: "The app has crashed!", message: "Sorry about that! I am just a 17 year old highschooler making my first game!", preferredStyle: UIAlertControllerStyle.Alert)
    alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "It's cool bro.", style: UIAlertActionStyle.Default, handler: nil))
    self.presentViewController(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
}

A: The problem is, if the app has crashed, then it can't run code to write to NSUserDefaults.
The best solution I know of is to use PLCrashReporter (https://plcrashreporter.org)

A: FirebaseCrashlytics
If you don't use Fabric because it is deprecated, You need to use following code in your ViewController that was mentioned in Updagte to the Firebase Crashlytics SDK.
I use it like this:
// 1. import Crashlytics
import FirebaseCrashlytics

class YOUR_ROOT_VIEW_CONTROLLER {

   override viewDidLoad(){
       //...

       // 2. register to get the notifications
       self.configCrashlytics()

       // ...
   }

    func configCrashlytics() {
        /* You must set setCrashlyticsCollectionEnabled to false in order to use
        checkForUnsentReportsWithCompletion. */

        Crashlytics.crashlytics().setCrashlyticsCollectionEnabled(false)

        Crashlytics.crashlytics().checkForUnsentReports { hasUnsentReport in
          let hasUserConsent = false
          // ...get user consent.

          if hasUserConsent && hasUnsentReport {
            Crashlytics.crashlytics().sendUnsentReports()
          } else {
            Crashlytics.crashlytics().deleteUnsentReports()
          }
        }

        // Detect when a crash happens during your app's last run.
        if Crashlytics.crashlytics().didCrashDuringPreviousExecution() {
          // ...notify the user.
            DispatchQueue.main.async {
                let alert = Utils.shared.errorAlert(title: "Sorry!", message: "This App was crashed during last run")
                self.present(alert, animated: true, completion: nil)
            }
        }

    }
    // 4. Add a button that run fatallError()
    @IBAction func crashApp(_ sender: UIButton) {
        fatalError()
    }
}


I have three different scales. A red one, a white one, and a grey one. The grey one puts me at 164. The white one puts me at 165. The red one puts me at 171. Which scale would be right? I weighed myself on them at the same time, right after waking up and using the bathroom. Would the highest one be right?
Best Answer: Check the calibration or zero it out when you are not on it. Or for even better if you have any weights or plates for your barbell home that are of a known weight. For example if you have a 25 pound plate just set the plate on it side and balance it on the scale and check the weight. Compare all 3 and you will find which on is more accurate.
Throw out the other two.
We have no way of knowing which is the most accurate. The color of the scale has zero do to with accuracy.
The most accurate scale is the type like they use at the doctor's office that have the weights at the top that the nurse slides left or right until the bar with the weight indicators is totally horizontal. Some supermarkets/stores also have those that you can use (sometimes for a small fee).
Your results for 2 of your scales are close, so either both of them are off by several pounds, or the one with the 171 lbs is. Odds are the two with the lower weight are closer to accurate, but that's just an 'odds/statistics' answer. Not knowing if any of them are digital, if they are calibrated properly, and if you used them on the same surface in the exact same spot (move 1 scale, put another in its spot and weight, then move that one and put the 3rd in the same spot and weigh), it's impossible to give a good guess.
It doesn't really matter because if you're happy with your weight, the number is immaterial. If you aren't happy with your weight, then as long as you make changes that causes the number of any of those scales to decrease, you're losing weight so headed in the right direction.
No way to know. The bathroom scales used for weighing yourself that you purchase from stores are not precision scales; that's why doctors do not use them. Those scales can be off by as much as 2 lbs. either way. The ones that uses springs can be affected by temperature and age. The electronic/digital ones can be affected by battery (low power), uneven surface the scale in on, or just poor quality.
In reality, all you have to do is take an average of the three it because your body changes throughout the day and the change could be by as much as 5 lbs. You want to track the range and not any one specific reading.
If you really want an accurate scale, you get the ones called balance beam scales - those used in doctors' office. But be warned, they are not cheap.
They're all close enough, why do you care?
i.e. your doctors office, or a scrap yard.
Take your scales with you so you can compare them.
Then you'll Know, if it matters that much to you.
you could just be smart and take your weight has a mean average of the the three which would be around 168..


text:
Цепелин је тип балона ваздухоплова на моторни погон, којег је развио гроф Фердинанд фон Цепелин почетком 20. века, базираног на ранијим нацртима Давида Шварца. Обликом и аеродинамичким карактеристикама је сличан дирижаблу али за разлику од њега, поседује круту носећу конструкцију.

У питању је летелица лакша од ваздуха, вретенастог, издуженог облика на сопствени погон. Њоме управља пилот помоћу великог кормила. За доњи део летелице причвршћена је гондола, у коју стају посада и путници. За гондолу је причвршћен мотор, који покреће пропелере. Кретање летелице не зависи од ветра. За испуну се раније користио водоник, а данас се користи хелијум. Данас је путовање њима угодно, безбедно и тихо. Обично може да прими до 20 путника. С обзиром да може да мирује у ваздуху, цепелин је погодан за фотографисање, надгледање, снимање тла, као и пренос спортских такмичења из птичије перспективе. Користе се и као летеће дизалице, којима се терет може изузетно прецизно спустити на жељено место.

Историја

Прву овакву летелицу је направио конструктор српског порекла Огњеслав Костовић Степановић, још 1888. године, али никад није полетела. Њено конструисање је држао у тајности, али га је пожар спречио да је проба у ваздуху. Гроф Цепелин је дошао на сличну идеју гледајући употребу балона у Француско-пруском рату, при опсади Париза, мада је чуо и за сличну употребу током Америчког грађанског рата. Осмислио је летелицу 1890. године, на основу нацрта Давида Шварца, али је у конструисање кренуо 1899. године. Прва успешна демонстрација летелице обављена је 2. јуна 1900. године на језеру Констанца. Прототип је назван LZ1, био је дугачак 128 m и имао је два "Дајмлер" мотора од 10,6 -{kW}-.

LZ1 је прва летелица коришћена за комерцијалне летове почевши од 1909. године. До 1914. године је Немачко аеро-удружење обавило 1.500 ваздушних летова превозећи 35.000 путника без иједне незгоде.
Немачко ваздухопловство 1909. године у наоружање уводи модел Z1, а током Првог светског рата је масовно коришћен у извиђачке али и бомбардерске сврхе. Десетине летова су изведене над територијом Велике Британије током којих су избачене тоне бомби уз мањи војни али значајни психолошки ефекат.
Немачки пораз у Првом светском рату је зауставио развој овог вида ваздушног транспорта све до 1920.-их, када креће ренесанса. Тако је 1924. године у САД конструисан ZR-1, прва америчка летелица, а 12. октобра је ZR-3 "USS Los Angeles" обавио први трансатлантски лет дуг 8.050 km који је трајао 82 сата и 2 минута. Врхунац је 1930.-их када летелице LZ127 Graf Zeppelin и LZ129 Hindenburg обављају прве трансатлантске летове.

Цепелин "Хинденбург"

Најпознатији догађај из историје ових летелица је трагедија цепелина "Хинденбурга" (LZ129), највећег цепелина на свету, дугог 245 m. Произведен је у Немачкој 1936. године. Имао је 61 чланова посаде и 36 путника, са две палубе за путнике, једнокреветним и двокреветним кабинама, трпезаријом, библиотеком и салоном и могао је да лети брзином од 125 km/h. Свој последњи лет започео је из Франкфурта 3. маја 1937. Прелетео је Атлантик за 65 сати. Међутим, 6. маја, на пристаништу код Лејкхерста, Њу Џерзи, у раним јутарњим сатима, хиљаде гледалаца присуствовало је пристајању ваздушне лађе, која се у року од пар секунди претворила у огромну летећу буктињу, када је страдало 35 од 97 путника и чланова посаде. Тада се радијски пренос пристајања чуда немачког инжењерског савршенства, претворио у први медијски спектакл директног преноса велике катастрофе. Тај догађај је запечатио судбину ове гране ваздухопловне индустрије. Од тада се за испуну више није користио водоник.

Цепелини данас
Деведесетих година 20. века долази до оживљавања идеје цепелина. Међутим овога пута за туристичке и рекламне сврхе. Нове летелице, назив им је -{Zeppelin NT}-, више нису грандиозних димензија и много су безбедније.

Терминологија

Ваздушни брод

Током пионирских година у ваздухопловству, појмови као што су "цепелин", "ваздушни брод", "ваздушни-брод" и "брод од ваздуха" односили су се на било какву летећу или машину којом се могло управљати. Забележено је да је 1919. године Фредерик Хандли Пејг говорио о "бродовима од ваздуха", при чему је мање путничке типове назива "ваздушним јахтама". Током 1930-их, велики интерконтинентални летећи бродови понекад су називани и "бродовима од ваздуха". У данашње време се термин "ваздушни брод" користи само за погонске, дирижабалске балоне, а подтипови су класификовани као крути, полу-крути или некрути. Полутврда архитектура је новијег датума, настала након напретка у деформабилним структурама и услед потребе за смањењем тежине и запремине ваздушних бродова. Они имају минималну структуру која задржава облик заједно са надпритиском у гасној овојници.

Извори

Литература

 Althoff, William F., USS Los Angeles: The Navy's Venerable Airship and Aviation Technology.
 Ausrotas, R. A., "Basic Relationships for LTA Technical Analysis," Proceedings of the Interagency Workshop on Lighter-Than-Air Vehicles, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Flight Transportation Library, 1975

 Bailey, D. B., and Rappoport, H. K., Maritime Patrol Airship Study, Naval Air Development Center, 1980
 Botting, Douglas, Dr. Eckener's Dream Machine. New York Henry Hold and Company.

 Dick, Harold G., with Robinson, Douglas H., Graf Zeppelin & Hindenburg, Washington, D.C. .

 Griehl, Manfred and Joachim Dressel, Zeppelin! The German Airship Story.
 Higham, Robin, The British Rigid Airship, 1908–1931: A study in weapons policy, London, G. T. Foulis, 1961,
 Keirns, Aaron J, "America's Forgotten Airship Disaster: The Crash of the USS Shenandoah", Howard. .
 Khoury, Gabriel Alexander (Editor), Airship Technology (Cambridge Aerospace Series).

 Morgala, Andrzej, Sterowce w II Wojnie Światowej (Airships in the Second World War), Lotnictwo, 1992

 Robinson, Douglas H., The Zeppelin in Combat: A history of the German Naval Airship Division, 1912-1918, Atglen, PA.
 Smith, Richard K. The Airships Akron & Macon: flying aircraft carriers of the United States Navy, Annapolis MD.
 Shock, James R., Smith, David R., The Goodyear Airships, Bloomington, Illinois.
 Sprigg, C., The Airship: Its design, history, operation and future, London 1931, Samson Low, Marston and Company.

 Toland, John, Ships in the Sky, New York, Henry Hold; London, Muller, 1957,
 Vaeth, J. Gordon, Blimps & U-Boats, Anapolis, Maryland.
 Ventry, Lord; Kolesnik, Eugene, Jane's Pocket Book 7: Airship Development.
 Ventry, Lord; Koesnik, Eugene M., Airship Saga, Poole, Dorset.
 Winter, Lumen; Degner, Glenn, Minute Epics of Flight, New York, Grosset & Dunlap, 1933.

Спољашње везе

 Восток: За Росатом биће израђен велики беспилотни цепелин 6. 6. 2012, Приступљено 1. 11. 2012.

Ваздухоплови

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Michael B Silvers
Associate Professor, School of Music
Emailmsilvers@illinois.edu
Press/Media (1)
Musical Creation, Reception, and Consumption in a Virtual Place: EnergyBr.net
Silvers, M. B., 2007.
Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper
Virtually Collaborative Music Making: EnergyBr.net and Brazilian Trance Music
Audio Review: Colombie: Nafer Durán, Roi du Vallenato / Colombia: Nafer Durán, King of Vallenato
Silvers, M. B., 2009, In : Yearbook for Traditional Music. 41, p. 246
Class, Climate and Canção: Forró Music and Drought in Ceará, Brazil
Forró Music and Drought: An Ethnomusicology of Climate
Rain Prophets and Song: Environmental Knowledge and Musical Preservation in Ceará, Brazil
Ecomusicologia, Música Sustentável, e o Encontro dos Profetas da Chuva em 2010
Maracatunaíma: Musical Semiotics, the Northeastern Imaginary and the Sound of Fortaleza
Cruz, D. M. & Silvers, M. B., 2011, In : Vibrant – Virtual Brazilian Anthropology. 8, 1
City-state
Birdsong, Popular Music, and Predicting Rain in Northeastern Brazil
Bandas Cabaçais
Silvers, M. B., 2013, Agrupamentos da Música Tradicional do Cariri Cearense. Mattos, M. & Coopat, C. (eds.). Juazeiro do Norte: Universidade Federal do Ceará Press, p. 143-157
Book Review: Squeeze This and The Accordion in the Americas
Silvers, M. B., 2013, In : Yearbook for Traditional Music. 45, p. 261-246
Fortaleza's Two Forrós: Tradition, Capitalism, and Musical Sustainability in Northeastern Brazil
Maracatu New York: Transregional Flows between Pernambuco, New York, and New Orleans
Silvers, M. B. (Translator) & Cruz, D. M., 2013, In : Canadian Journal of Latin American and Caribbean Studies. 37, 74, p. 81-108
Broadcasting a Community: Loudspeakers, Radios, and the Sensibilities of Raimundo Fagner in Orós, Ceará
Broadcasting Subjectivities: Loudspeakers, Radios, and Raimundo Fagner in Orós, Ceará, Brazil
Sound Studies, Ecomusicology, and Post-humanism in/for/with Ethnomusicology
Voices of Drought: Brazilian Popular Song and the Mediation of Climate in the 20th Century
Birdsong and a song about a bird: Popular music and the mediation of traditional ecological knowledge in Northeastern Brazil
Silvers, M. B., Sep 1 2015, In : Ethnomusicology. 59, 3, p. 380-397 18 p.
Dry Signals
Silvers, M. B., 2015
Research output: Non-textual form › Exhibition
Book Review: Enciclopédia da Música em Portugal no Século XX
Silvers, M. B., 2016, In : Ethnomusicology. 61, 1, p. 181-182
From Nightingales to Muni Birds and Beyond: Ecomusicology, Academic Branding, and Lineages of an Ecological Ethnomusicology
On Cultural and Environmental Sustainability: Rabecas, Pífanos, and the Materials of Musical Instruments in Cariri
Silvers, M. B., 2016, Experiências de Pesquisa em Música no Cariri Cearense. Mattos, M. (ed.). Juazeiro do Norte: Universidade Federal do Ceará Press, p. 97-106
Silvers, M. B., Jan 1 2017, Ethnomusicology: A Contemporary Reader. Post, J. C. (ed.). Taylor and Francis, Vol. II. p. 127-140 14 p.
Forró Music and the São Francisco River: Singing the Margins of National Integration
Silvers, M. B., 2017, Bloomsbury Encyclopedia of Popular Music of the World. Feldman, H. (ed.). London: Bloomsbury Publishing
Voices of Drought: The Politics of Music and Environment in Northeastern Brazil
Silvers, M. B., Oct 2018, Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 212 p.
Film Review: These C*cksucking Tears
Silvers, M. B., 2019, (Accepted/In press) In : Ethnomusicology.
Attending to the Nightingale: On a Multispecies Ethnomusicology
Contact Michael B Silvers


text:
You are here Home › Missions › 3rd Party Missions
The end of GRACE
The GRACE mission came to an end on 27 October. This joint mission of DLR and NASA measured the Earth's gravity field for fifteen years, much longer than the five years the satellites were expected to operate.
The two Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment satellites were launched on 17 March 2002 and flew together in a low-altitude orbit using an innovative approach to study the Earth's gravity. The satellites measured the planet's mass, and the variations which occur over land and water at different heights.
Over time, scientists were able to study the data from the mission to observe changes in mass over the same locations and thus calculate the impact and concomitant changes to the gravity field. The data also has benefits for climate studies, such as monitoring changes in sea ice.
GRACE is part of ESA's Third Party Missions programme. This involves an agreement between ESA and DLR/NASA to process and distribute products generated from the satellite data.
You can download a range of GRACE products from our Data Access section.
Data acquired by GRACE was even used in combination with ESA's own GOCE mission - which came to an end in 2013 - to produce high precision maps of the Earth's gravity. You can learn more about this on the GOCE+ GeoExplore page.
After fifteen years of successful operation, the ageing batteries on board the satellites are failing and so scientists in Germany and the United States have agreed to end the mission. Though GRACE-2 is no longer operational and the mission is formally ended, the GRACE-1 satellite will continue to operate for several weeks while it is being made ready for deactivation. Due to their low orbit, the two satellites will descend and safely burn up in the atmosphere once their batteries are depleted.
With regards to the scientific return, after the loss of GRACE-2 the scientific teams are not able to derive nominal GRACE Level-2 gravity fields any more. The teams performed various manoeuvres during October on GRACE-1 which will help to better calibrate and understand the behaviour of the on-board accelerometer. This will enable the Release 06 reprocessing of the complete GRACE mission which will be the basis for continuation with the same standards and models that will be used in the GRACE Follow-on mission early next year.
Artist's concept of the twin GRACE satellites. Credits: NASA/GSFC


text:
Jubilee top brass absent as Ruto makes impromptu visit
MISSION UNKNOWN
Tuju says the DP arrived after he had left but he would enquire if he needed his attention.
• Ruto's deputy director of communications Emmanuel Talam says he was there to check on the "progress of the party".
• Jubilee Party deputy secretary general Caleb Kositany says the DP was at the headquarters to establish the level of preparations for several by-elections.
by GIDEON KETER Political Reporter
TUKO PAMOJA: Deputy President William Ruto at Jubilee Party headquarters in Pangani, Nairobi, on Tuesday, September 22.
Image: COURTESY
Deputy President William Ruto on Tuesday evening paid an impromptu visit to Jubilee Party headquarters in Pangani, Nairobi, a day after Chief Justice David Maraga told President Uhuru Kenyatta to dissolve Parliament.
However, the DP cut a lonely figure as none of the party's top brass was at hand to receive him. His visit sparked speculation the DP wanted to check the state of preparedness should the President heed Maraga's advisory, which could trigger countrywide parliamentary by-elections.
Ruto's deputy director of communications Emmanuel Talam dismissed the speculation saying he was there to check on the "progress of the party".
"He went there in his capacity as the deputy party leader. He has an office there," Talam told the Star on the phone.
The absence of all senior party officials was the clearest signal that Ruto remains an outsider in an outfit where he is deputy leader.
Jubilee secretary general Raphael Tuju told the Star the DP arrived at the headquarters after he had left but said he will enquire if the DP needed something that required his attention.
"I have just been made aware that he visited. I am going to find out if there was anything he wanted that requires my attention," Tuju said.
Ruto's impromptu visit to the Thika Road-based office came weeks after he said the ruling party had been hijacked by cartels and busybodies.
During an interview on Citizen TV last month, Ruto, who has fallen out with President Kenyatta, admitted that Jubilee was "dysfunctional " and said "plans were underway " to salvage it ahead of the 2022 election.
Jubilee Party deputy secretary general Caleb Kositany said the DP was at the headquarters to establish the level of preparations for several by-elections.
"We have by-elections that are to be held anytime soon and as Jubilee, we must prepare for them," Kositany told the Star on the phone.
The by-elections include Msambweni constituency in Kwale county, Kahawa Wendani ward in Kiambu county, Dabaso ward in Kilifi county, Kisumu North ward in Kisumu county, Wundanyi and Mbale wards in Taita Taveta county.
The Independent Electoral and Boundaries Commission (IEBC) is expected to conduct the polls once the Health ministry issues new protocols for Covid-19 during elections.
The IEBC in March postponed them after the government imposed restrictions on gatherings to curb the spread of the coronavirus. Covid-19 cases have drastically dropped to an average of 100 a day.
Kositany also said the presence of the DP at the offices of the squabble-ridden Jubilee Party "is the beginning of a journey to resolve the challenges facing it.
"You know we have had problems after the handshake, the National Executive Council has not met. We have pending party elections, which we hope to address soon," he said.
(Edited by F'Orieny)


Speedball 2, as stories go, is a bit lacking but there aren't many futuristic "throw a steel ball at your opponent's face" sport games around and so what does the story matter? The minimal plot reads as such: It's the future, a brutal sport called Speedball has been dragged up from the underground scene and organised. You take a team of beginners and forge them into warriors who can destroy any opposition in pursuit of goals, points, money and blood.
Your job is to take control of a fledgling Speedball team and then take them to the top. There is the choice of being the manager and guiding the team's structure while not actually having any control over what happens on the field, or doing both. Or, it's possible to even take to the arena with a friend in the two-player mode.
The action takes place in an arena full of power ups and objects, all viewed from overhead and your main objective is to win by gaining more points than your opponents by scoring goals and using the point accumulators. Take the steel ball and throw it hard and fast, be violent and you'll win. Your team, who are always Brutal Deluxe, start at the bottom of Division 2 going into a new season. The team is assembled, there's limited money in the bank and your first game is around the corner. The team follows a pretty standard structure of Forwards, Midfielders, Defenders, a Goalkeeper and substitutes. There are 10 players per team on the pitch at one time; the goalie and three from each field position.
You control the player on your team who's in possession of the ball or whomever is nearest the ball should an opponent have it or it be loose in the arena. Don't like a player on your team? Exchange him plus a fee for another team's player on the Transfer Market. Don't like a player on the other team? Beat him to a pulp and watch as a robot drags him out of the arena for a less experienced sub to replace him. Despite the simplistic premise, the game certainly has character.
Around the rectangular arena are various items for players or opponent to collect to increase the chances of winning. You'll spend a lot of time throwing the ball at the walls where you can find such things as a sphere that will electrify the ball, devices that multiplies further points, and warps. These devices all contribute to the strategy side of play and give Speedball 2 some added depth. Also appearing within the arena is money for either team to collect to use between games to boost player attributes or to buy star players on the Transfer Market.
There are several attributes for the players to increase such as power, defence, intelligence and speed. Money can raise these stats or power-ups can be found on the arena floor, so you'll have to balance gameplay between getting money and earning points during a game. There's a lot to think about and do, on and off the field of play.
Speedball 2 can be very simple or complicated depending on how much you want to get out of it. There are tons of options during the management side of the game, but they can be bypassed if you want to get straight to the mauling. Do that, however, and you won't win too often. You'll need to spend wisely and play hard to get promoted to Division 1. There are plenty of options to help you get used to the game, from taking just the role of the manager and watching the actual game to practicing in an empty arena with infinite time to throw, tackle and run your players into the ground. Going straight into a game will be fun but figuring out strategies is a trial & error process. Play a single game, practice, act solely as the manager, play in the League or enter the Knockout tournament. This game has the potential to last a while.
The graphics are excellent, everything in the game appears very refined and sharp, although they are very...well, blue. Nearly everything is a greyish blue, from the arena floor and wall to the player's sprites and the Team Management interface. Sure it fits into the futuristic sports theme but a bit more colour wouldn't have been a bad thing. The only way to identify your team is by the small coloured arc above their heads, you have green, the opponent has orange, but other than that the sprites are the same. There is no radar to tell where everyone is off screen but looking at it every few seconds would be suicidal. A lot of the time you'll throw the ball blindly and hope you have a team mate waiting off screen to grab it which can be annoying if there's no one to catch it but there is sadly no way around this with just an overhead view of the arena. With that said, however, the game is incredibly smooth with no graphical glitches or slowdown. Overall this is among the game's best aspects, it's very polished and there are little touches thoughout to be appreciated.
The sound is minimal to say the least. At the title screen a fitting tune plays, at the end of a game one of two ditties will play depending on whether you won or lost and that's about it for music. Luckily the effects during actual play almost make up for it. The roar of the crowd is nice but not in any way realistic. The sound of one team member tackling an opponent is effective and the various methods of gaining points all with their own individual "pinball" sound do contribute to the atmosphere.
The controls are great. While on the field of play you need only run around and use one button for everything (throwing, jumping to grab the ball, tackling) and they're never less than responsive. Buttons 1 and 2 share the same function during games, during the management areas of the game they have separate functions but it's all easy to understand. What little there is to the controls is handled flawlessly so they receive high marks.
With all of the modes of play mentioned above, a challenge which allows you to improve on with every go and a fun two-player mode, there's a lot of replay value to be had here. Division 2 isn't a walkover but it does require some skill, then should you gain a promotion there's the extremely difficult Division 1 to keep you occupied. One downfall that might see players getting bored and not returning very often to the game is the fact that there's only one team to control. The ability to choose from the teams featured as opponents in the game would have greatly increased both the gameplay and replay value.
Speedball 2 is a well-made and challenging game that can be frustrating at times but is very rewarding in the long run. Winning games is very satifying, it balances the management and action aspects of the game very well, and more importantly it's fun.


Artist of the week: Jeppe Hein. The Distance exhibit sounds like all kinds of fun.
Literary hoaxes in America are nothing new, say the Australians.
The good folks at McSweeney bring you Wholphin, a magazine in DVD format. Really!
If you've ever wondered where exactly a certain movie script is kept, wonder no more.
And finally, your moment of cute: Daily Kitten. I know it's corny, but man, the kittens are adorable.


Smile Code is a nourishing and anti-aging treatment for the lips in a dual-ended pen with 2 reservoirs; the lip volumizer (foam-tip lip wand) plumps and nourishes the lips while the lip contour treatment (brush) promotes a more youthful looking lip contour. Featuring marine collagen, St. Paul's Wort, silk tree extracts and peptides to plump, a natural blend of spices to activate microcirculation and support an intensification of color, nourishing jojoba and avocado oils to regenerate, smooth and protect.
The dual action of Smile Code promotes a younger and fuller looking lip and lip contour. The lips appear plumper and intensified in color while wrinkles and fine lines appear reduced. The nourishing, hydrating and protective properties of Smile Code make the lips feel smooth and hydrated, for a more radiant smile.
Apply in the morning before make-up and in the evening after removing make-up, all year round. The contour care is applied to the lip contour using the brush tip. The plumping lip care is thjen applied to the lips using the mousse nozzle.
Plumping Lip Care: Hydrogenated Polyisobutene, Silica Dimethyl Silylate [Nano], Pentaerythrityl Tetraisostearate, Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Oil, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, Ethylhexyl Palmitate, Ethylhexyl Methoxycinnamate, Peg-8, Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane, Cera Alba (Beeswax / Cire D'abeille), Cetyl Palmitate, Salicylic Acid, Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Tribehenin, Silica Dimethyl Silylate, Sorbitan Isostearate, Butylene Glycol, Pentylene Glycol, Stearic Acid, Synthetic Wax, Ethylhexyl Salicylate, Cinnamomum Zeylanicum Bark Oil, Sodium Chondroitin Sulfate, Cinnamal, Glycine Soja (Soybean) Oil, Lactic Acid, Tocopherol, Atelocollagen, Eugenol, Ascorbyl Palmitate, Linalool, Piper Nigrum (Pepper) Seed, Palmitoyl Tripeptide-1, Zingiber Officinale (Ginger) Root Extract, Benzyl Benzoate, Bht, Ascorbic Acid, Citric Acid, Aluminum Hydroxide, Ci 73360 (Red 30 Lake), Alcohol.
Anti-Age Lip Contour: Aqua (Water / Eau), Cetearyl Ethylhexanoate, Glycerin, Phenoxyethanol, Albizia Julibrissin Bark Extract, Polysorbate 20, Acrylates/C10-30 Alkyl Acrylate Crosspolymer, Carbomer, Hydroxyethylcellulose, Sodium Hydroxide, Potassium Sorbate, Sodium Nitrate, Butylene Glycol, Oxothiazolidine, Sodium Benzoate, Glyoxal, Darutoside, Lecithin, Plankton Extract.


Asterisks (*) denote compulsory fields.
Eg: Canon EOS 7D - 3 Days, Canon EF 100mm f2.8L Macro USM - 3 Days.
Feedbacks, questions, or just a 'Hi'.
Sign up for our mailing list if you would like to receive occasional treats from us.
Copyright © 2019. Lens 4 Lease. All Rights Reserved.


Model No. 55200 by: Manrose.
List price £14.80 You save £10.54!
This is the Manrose low profile ducting flat channel connector for 204 x 60mm ducting accessories. The low profile ducting enables it to be concealed when it is installed along the top of the wall units.
You can also fit the low profile ducting in the ceiling voids and cavity walls, providing versatility while at the same time remaining unobtrusive.
Flat Channel Connector for 204 x 60mm ducting.
Minimum space required for installation: 210mm x 65mm.
Fitting: Quick and easy fit.
Fits over 204mm x 60mm flat channel to connect two lengths together in a straight line.
Maximum working temperature: of 60° C.
For use with the Low Profile Ducting Systems.
Material: lightweight uPVC, flame retardant.
Connector type: Rectangular female fittings - 204mm x 60mm inner dimensions.


text:
FIA reveals what data is being tracked and how the public reacts to connected cars
On 24 November, FIA Region I revealed exactly what data new vehicles are able to track and transmit. The investigation of two vehicles, a conventionally-fuelled vehicle and an electric vehicle found that, in addition to the creation of driver profiles, vehicle location, trip length, personal information synced from mobile phones are tracked and can be transmitted back to the manufacturer (1). A public survey (2) looking at the public's familiarity with connected vehicles shows a high level of interest for connectivity. However, the respondents, from 12 European countries, also issued a clear message: 90% say that vehicle data belongs to the owner or driver of the vehicle. This message was relayed to MEPs at during the launch event. Citizens are most concerned about the disclosure of private information (88%), commercial use of personal data (86%), vehicle hacking and vehicle tracking. 95% of people surveyed believed that there was a need for specific legislation to protect their rights to their vehicle and driver data.
Thierry Willemarck, FIA Region I President said: "There is a clear disconnect in what is being tracked and what citizens are willing to accept when it comes to car data. Not only strong data protection, but informed consent and free choice of service providers need to be addressed. Connected cars are already on the market, tracking and able to communicate private information about consumers. Now is the time for policymakers to take a strong stand and defend consumers."
MEP Evelyne Gebhardt, said "Consumers have a right to know what data they are sharing when they drive their car. Currently, only vehicle manufacturers have access to this data. Europeans deserve to control their data and to which service provider they choose to share it with. They also must have the possibility to shut off communication."
Based on the data in these two studies, FIA Region I and its members across Europe are launching the My Car My Data campaign (www.mycarmydata.eu), to raise public awareness on vehicle data and to call for privacy legislation and a fair after-market for connected vehicle services. With connected vehicles, this campaign demands:
Legislation should ensure that drivers should retain ownership of the data and give informed consent on how it is used.
Drivers should have the right to choose their preferred service provider.
Service providers should have the right to develop safe products and functionalities.
The campaign and studies were launched at a cocktail hosted by MEP Evelyne Gebhardt, (S&D – DE) in the European Parliament Strasbourg on 24 November 2015.
My Car My Data from FIA Region I on Vimeo.
(1) Tracked data uncovered in the technical tests carried out by the German Automobile Association, ADAC on behalf of FIA Region I, more results below.
(2) The public survey included 12,000 people in 12 European countries Austria, Germany, Belgium, France, Finland, Italy, the Netherlands, UK, Poland, the Czech Republic, Denmark and Spain approx 1000 replies from each country.
Learn more about the campaign:
www.mycarmydata.eu
See the results of the technical test
See the top results of the public survey
See what people are saying about My Car My Data
See and download the photos from the event
IMPACT Connected Car Session at the 13th European ITS Congress
ETEC: Bosnia and Herzegovina Automobile Club
Club news: AvD celebrates the 2018 Hero of the Road
IT ONLY TAKES 2 SECONDS: FIA REGION I CAMPAIGNS AGAINST DISTRACTED DRIVING