text:
Liquid Audio Settles Patent Litigation Suit With Intouch Group
Liquid Audio, Inc., announced today that it has reached a settlement with Intouch Group in a patent litigation suit filed against the company in March 2000. The suit was originally filed in Federal Court in the Northern District of California (Case No. C-00-1156 DLJ) against Amazon.com, DiscoverMusic, Entertaindom, Liquid Audio, Inc., Listen.com and Muze. Terms of the settlement with Intouch remain confidential. Liquid Audio and Intouch have now resolved all outstanding legal disputes.
"We feel the settlement reached with Intouch was warranted in light of the risks and costs inherent in any litigation," said Gerry Kearby, President and CEO of Liquid Audio, Inc. "This development allows Liquid Audio to move forward with its business."
Liquid Audio, Inc. is a leading provider of software, infrastructure and services for the secure digital delivery of media over the Internet. The Liquid Audio solution gives content owners, Web sites and companies the ability to publish, syndicate and securely sell digital media online with copy protection and copyright management. Using the Liquid(TM) Player software, available for free download at www.liquidaudio.com, consumers can preview and purchase downloadable music from hundreds of affiliate Web sites in the Liquid Music Network(TM).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Elegant and finely detailed vintage lapis lazuli drop necklace (circa 1960s to 1970s), crafted in 14 karat yellow gold.
The lapis drops each measure 10mm x 3mm. The round piece of lapis measures 13mm.
The necklace measures 17 inches in length and sits nicely below the nape of the necklace. The necklace is great worn alone or layered with your other fine necklaces from any era.
Stones: The lapis drops each measure 10mm x 3mm. The round piece of lapis measures 13mm.
Size & Measurements: The necklace measures 17 inches in length. The lapis drop measures 1 1/2 x 1/2 inches.
Metal & Hallmark: 14k yellow gold. The necklace is hallmarked "585" for 14 karat gold.


text:
Clara Ávila: "Many territories are not only in quarantine because of the pandemic but also because of violence"
The ADPI Observatory and Maloka Colombia Collective have organised a fundraising campaign to strengthen the health system of the indigenous communities of Colombia, a vulnerable group because of armed conflicts.
Cyclone Amphan: more than two million affected in Bangladesh at the height of the pandemic
Caritas Bangladesh has activated its emergency response system to evacuate affected people and provide immediate assistance such as food, water and repairs to some of the 200,000 damaged homes.
How are international cooperation organisations reacting to the pandemic?
The pandemic is affecting 180 countries around the world. The epicentre is Europe, the United States and China, though not all governments have the same reaction capacity, nor the resources, nor the support networks for the population.
Yoga as a cure for social exclusion
Yoga Sin Fronteras opens an international cooperation course of action with Yoga Teacher Training for vulnerable groups to ensure the sustainability of the project and improve the social impact in the communities.
Josep Artigas: "I've been living in Senegal for over 40 years and I'm not planning to leave"
The Piarist father considers that cooperation organizations should monitor closely the projects implemented on the ground to ensure "they are in place for more than just 3 or 4 years".
How a small NGO contributes to the improvement of a rural area in El Salvador
Huacal started as a group of women who went on a holiday trip to El Salvador. During their stay, these women couldn't help but notice how much help the population living in rural areas needed.
Doctors Without Borders launches a travelling site for humanitarian aid
The website's aim is to raise awareness among citizens and collect donations to send them to disadvantaged countries where they help to develop their projects.
International NGOs raise money for Giving Tuesday
On 28th November, international cooperation and development NGOs celebrated Giving Tuesday and seeked support from citizens through the donation platform.
A Norwegian NGO is giving awards to the best and the worst campaigns for development
The "Radiator Awards'" aim is to change how fund-raising campaigns communicate and involve people with with cooperation projects.
Amnesty International condemns restrictions on international aid in Myanmar
Myanmar authorities' restrictions in Rakhine state are putting tens of thousands of lives at risk in the Rohingya region.
NGOs evaluate flooding in India, Bangladesh and Nepal as the worst in recent decades
Monsoon rains have caused up to 1,200 deaths and the injury of thousands of people in Southeast Asia.
Xavier Costa: "The existence of so many NGOs means that there are too many things that are not working"
The NGO Vols is a volunteering association for cooperation and solidarity with children and youth in developing countries. Their working scope is mainly education.


text:
Daily Archive: October 23, 2009
Chris Dierkes
/// October 23, 2009
I Heart Biden
VP Smackdown: Asked about criticism from former Vice President Dick Cheney, current VP Joe Biden had a simple response: "Who cares?" Actually, he said, "Who cares what — " and then stopped himself. "Yeah,...
Erik Kain
I don't care how good they say Windows 7 is, this is still the dumbest thing I've ever seen. Ever.
Mark of New Jersey
The Obama Administration and the Bill of Rights
For a long while last year, I flirted with the idea of voting for Obama. But after he showed a lack of backbone on warrantless wiretapping and the Libertarian Party nominated a reasonably serious...
Please put a penny in the old man's hat….
So after Mark's bleg yesterday, I decided to set up both a donation and a subscribe option for readers in the sidebar. You can donate whatever amount you'd like to the site on a...
NOOOOOOOOOOO!
Hulu will start charging for content in 2010.
Arguments we should retire from the public discourse
Here's an interesting back-and-forth on surveillance reform in the Los Angeles Times. I found the arguments against modifying the PATRIOT Act frustrating, not least because they don't seem all that responsive to the civil...
New age cons
This is crazy, and it's kind of sad I didn't hear about it until just now, given it happened pretty much in my backyard.
Jamelle
In which Jamelle complains about the Senate, again
In an otherwise decent piece about Harry Reid's continuing attempt to corral support for the public option, this paragraph sticks out like a sore thumb: Just six weeks ago the public option appeared to...
The President's War on Fox
Transplanted Lawyer has the first – and thus far, only – truly sane take I've seen on the matter. I was thinking about writing a post on this subject, but T.L.'s post says all...
Did the bank bailout work?
According to the Government Accountability Office, the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) may not have actually accomplished anything. UPDATE: Here's the full report. I think the Examiner editorial over-sells its premise, but this line...


text:
School of the Arts, College of Charleston – 25th Anniversary Silver Celebration
View All Items (96)
Food & Gourmet Items (7)
Golf & Sports Gear (1)
Tickets-Entertainment (14)
Tickets-Sports (1)
Unique Experiences (12)
Live Event Info
Auction Ends: Oct 9, 2015 01:00 PM EDT
Private Gallery Tour and Dinner with Charleston Artist, Mary Whyte.
$1,500 USD to Live Event Bidder
Live Event Item
This is a Live Event Only item.
Enjoy a one-of-a-kind experience at Coleman Fine Art Gallery where watercolor artist, Mary Whyte is represented. Join Mary for a dinner for 8 guests in the gallery. Mary will give a tour of the gallery and discuss her work and her process.
Watercolor artist Mary Whyte is a teacher and author whose figurative paintings have earned national recognition. A resident of Johns Island, South Carolina, Whyte garners much of her inspiration from the Gullah descendants of coastal Carolina slaves who number among her most prominent subjects. Her portraits are included in numerous corporate, private, and university collections, as well as in the permanent collections of South Carolina's Greenville County Museum of Art and the Gibbes Museum of Art in Charleston. Her paintings have been featured in International Artist, Artist, American Artist, Watercolor, and American Art Collector, L'Art de Aquarelle, and numerous other publications. Whyte is the author of Down Bohicket Road, Working South, Painting Portraits & Figures in Watercolor, Alfreda's World, as well as An Artist's Way of Seeing and Watercolor for the Serious Beginner. Her work can be found at Coleman Fine Art in Charleston, where her husband, Smith Coleman, makes gilded and hand-carved frames.
Arrangements must be made with the artist to find a suitable time for the event. This dinner for 8 will take place at Coleman Fine Art Gallery at 79 Church Street in Charleston, SC. All sales are final.
School of the Arts, College of Charleston stores data...
Your support matters, so School of the Arts, College of Charleston would like to use your information to keep in touch about things that may matter to you. If you choose to hear from School of the Arts, College of Charleston, we may contact you in the future about our ongoing efforts.
Your privacy is important to us, so School of the Arts, College of Charleston will keep your personal data secure and School of the Arts, College of Charleston will not use it for marketing communications which you have not agreed to receive. At any time, you may withdraw consent by emailing Privacy@frontstream.com or by contacting our Privacy Officer. Please see our Privacy Policy found here PrivacyPolicy.
I give School of the Arts, College of Charleston permission to contact me by phone
I give School of the Arts, College of Charleston permission to contact me by email
I give School of the Arts, College of Charleston permission to contact me by mail
We would like to thank our sponsors....
Silver Palate Sponsorship
Addlestone Foundation
Rivers Enterprises, Inc. and The John M. Rivers, Jr. Foundation
Sam and Nancy Stafford
Silver Spoon Sponsorship
Eve M. and Norman Berlinsky
Cathy Marino
College of Charleston Board of Trustees
Meenakshi and Naren Banik
Douglas Berlinsky and Heather Burnett
Elizabeth and Kenneth Berlinsky
Leilani H. DeMuth
Wendy M. and P. Steven Dopp (Francis Marion)
Ruth and Harry Goldberg
Jeanne and William Hall (Hall's Hospitality Group)
Janet and Richard Haughey
Ann and Lee Higdon
Marilynn and John Hill
Mitchell Hill
Jean and Tapley Johnson
Polly and George Kosko
Elizabeth Rivers Lewine
Chris Marino
The Porch Ladies
Peggi and John Powell
Betsy Saal, The Joseph J. Schott Foundation
David Savard
Jean and Pete Spell (Two Meeting Street Inn)
Copyright © 2003-2020 School of the Arts, College of Charleston and BiddingForGood, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Designated trademarks and brands are the property of their respective owners.


text:
A Question of Standards
Written by Travis Bouslog and Doug Houseman
With the announcement in 2021 by Ford and GM that their standard electric vehicle chargers (EVSE) will demand 19.2 kilowatt (KW) from now on, many utilities are running quick calculations on what the impact is on circuits and how many electric vehicles (EV) they will be able to support. Sadly, the answer on most circuits is, not nearly enough to be able to support the automaker's announced plans to electrify the majority of new vehicles they will be building within 8 years.
With the existing loads on US-style (60Hz) 5 kilovolt (KV)) residential distribution circuits, the number of chargers most circuits can support, assuming diversity of time and frequency of use, is under 10% of the total customers per circuit. Note that there is very little data available to support the assumption that EV charging will be spread out across time and days of the week. Some European communities (50Hz) secondary networks are showing that less than 10% of customers on a circuit can be supported at this level of EV charging demand even with charging diversity. It almost doesn't matter where you are in the world, as existing power distribution grids are not set up to handle the expected level of demand from these chargers. Nor was the grid designed and built to handle even the previously specified and supplied 8KW EV chargers in quantity.
With the announcement made and the chargers (and the vehicles that will use them) now in production, 19.2 kW charging stations will start being installed by the spring of 2022. Ford has announced plans to produce 650,000 EVs in North America alone during 2022. Tesla, not to be outdone, has suggested they will release an "even faster" 25KW charger in 2022 while continuing to build as many EVs as they can. Nothing is being done to stop the commercial rollout of these chargers, so what will the electric power industry need to do to cope?
There are at least six options of varying cost and complexity that are reasonable to contemplate.
The industry can split distribution circuits into smaller pieces and add substations as needed.
This is an extremely time consuming and expensive option. It will likely leave some areas without adequate distribution to support EVs until 2060 or later, which raises questions of social justice and how to globally allocate equipment or train enough workers to do the required construction.
The industry can raise voltages on existing circuits, allowing more energy to flow over existing rights of way.
This will be less effective in 50Hz systems with large secondary systems. In both 50 Hz and 60 Hz systems, raising circuit voltage will create additional impacts on sub-transmission, transmission, and substation equipment. This option requires a complex dance of coordinated changes, including changes to the spacing and the size of conductors on overhead lines, upgrading hundreds of service transformers, and upgrading existing transformers in substations. In one project that has been studied, raising voltage requires upgrading an already overloaded 10 megavolt-amp (MVA) substation to 70 MVA.
The premise owners can be encouraged to install solar plus storage to locally produce the energy to charge their vehicles.
For people at 45 degrees north latitude in Mid-December, 100 KW of solar would be required to produce enough power to charge a work truck at home with a 200 KWH battery and at least 200 KWH of on-premise storage. This is a cost most homeowners cannot easily afford and exceeds the available land area for many premises. This option is not legally available to most renters or those who live in attached homes such as condominiums or duplexes. In some countries, this much solar generation and storage at a single-family home will violate fire protection regulations without expensive renovations to install fire walls.
Change the way people charge EVs to require or encourage daytime charging only. Don't allow, or substantially increase the price of power used overnight for charging at home.
In 2021, 84% of current EV owners in the US and 74% in Europe surveyed exclusively charge their vehicles at home, at night. Globally there are only a few million current EV owners who would have to be retrained to change this pattern. However, most current EV owners are not willing to give up the convenience of charging at home. This change would probably negatively impact sales rates of EVs in areas that adopt it. California has already moved to lower daytime rates as part of their time of use rates for customers, which led to a corresponding increase in complaints from current EV owners.
Insert communications and control into EVSEs at premises, allowing the utility to manage the rate of charge as well as the charging times of all the chargers on a single circuit (or secondary network).
Right now, EVSE under 50KW are largely dumb devices. Insert the wand into the vehicle and they charge; when the vehicle is full, they stop charging. Adding communications, cyber-security, and control will be a non-trivial effort that requires the development and enforcement of industry standards for grid-to-charger or grid-to-vehicle communications. SAE has created some of the required standards; IEEE 2030.5 is a key piece of the puzzle, and so is OpenADR. Getting these standards adopted by the more than 100 EV manufacturers and 400 EVSE manufacturers will be an uphill battle.
Change the metering infrastructure to allow EV chargers (1 to N per customer premise) to be monitored and controlled by the utility separately from other loads.
While this can be accomplished within each premise's breaker panel, that panel tends to be owned by the premise owner, not the utility. To overcome that challenge, the controls need to be accomplished by installing a new style of AMI meter with 2 to N modules that aggregate through a common control and communications module. Even with transactive energy or prices to devices type tariffs, measurement will need to be disaggregated. Further, Ohm's law says that if the switch is closed and there is demand, that the electricity will flow. ANSI has a range of metering standards in the US, and IEC in Europe, but none of them have yet contemplated this type of evolution in AMI.
Other, smart people can devise other ways to do this, but no one yet knows all the possible methods that might work. Other methods take time to be modeled, prototyped and standardized. If there are better choices, they need to surface soon.
This is not a trivial matter. In mid-size commuter communities, widespread adoption of EVs will more than double the total amount of electric power consumed by and at residences within each community. Even if we achieve massive improvements in home energy efficiency and demand side management, on a cold winter night, switching a community from its current mix of energy usage to all-electric appliances will seriously impact existing grid infrastructure.
None of the adaptation methods will work without interoperable systems, which means we need strong standards with few or no options that allow the creation of incompatible equipment or control systems. For most of these options to work, additional standards or revisions to existing standards are urgently required. The standards covering interoperability will require testing standards that are clear, with no wiggle room for multiple incompatible implementations by different manufacturers. Governments and regulators will have to adopt these standards and enforce them, not an easy task to achieve.
IEEE has taken the lead in developing and revising many of the necessary standards. They cover the gamut of electric power system requirements from communications to cyber security, to physical devices, to other needs. Continuing to work with SAE and other standard-setting organizations to avoid a "not invented here" issue is critical, as is getting standards drafts approved and implemented before 2024, when Ford plans to be producing 3 million electric vehicles per year. GM is also close behind. Socializing these approaches with regulators and national governments must become a top priority.
This article edited by Doug Houseman.
To view all articles in this issue, please go to January 2022 eBulletin. For a downloadable copy, please visit the IEEE Smart Grid Resource Center.
Travis Bouslog is a Director at 1898 & Co., part of Burns & McDonnell that focuses on zero-emission mobility with an emphasis on transportation electrification. He has more than 10 years of consulting, engineering, and project management experience. Travis specializes in technical and economic evaluations, business case analysis, new business models, strategy roadmaps, data analysis, and project management of zero-emission mobility projects for utility, transportation, commercial, and industrial customers.
Travis serves as one of Burns & McDonnell's ambassadors to Energy Impact Partners, a venture fund which invests in companies shaping the energy landscape of the future. Travis is a co-founder of Burns & McDonnell's innovation program – an internal, multi-phased innovation program that enables employee-owners to pitch business innovations that are both internal and external to the company. He is a registered professional engineer in the states of IA, IL, and VA, and an ENV SP.
Doug Houseman has extensive experience in the energy and utility industry and has been involved in projects in more than 70 countries. Doug is a leader in grid modernization thinking, he was asked to author significant portions of the IEEE's GridVision 2050, DOE's QER and to revise CEATI's Distribution Utility Technology Roadmap. Doug is a NIST fellow and member of the GridWise Architecture Council (GWAC) where he had a hand in both the Smart Grid Interoperability Maturity Model and Transactive Energy. He has led the IEEE Power and Energy Society's Intelligent Grid Coordinating Committee and Emerging Technology Committee for the last five years. He has presented more than 20 tutorials and webinars for grid modernization for IEEE.


How does St. John Paul II's Theology of the Body apply to the single life? Is the single life a "vocation"? How are concepts such as self-gift, love, freedom and the spousal meaning of the body relevant to singles? Addressing a wide demographic often overlooked in the Church, Anastasia Northrop will discuss the current situation of singles in society and offer concrete ways in which John Paul II's message can help address particular cultural challenges facing singles today.


text:
module Prisc {
    export enum ImageFormats {
        png,
        jpeg
    }
    interface IDefaultConfigs {
        'download-dir-name': string;
        'image-format': ImageFormats;
        'show-file-on-download': boolean;
        'only-capture': boolean;
        'auth-twitter': boolean;
    }
    class ConfigAccessor extends StorageBase {
        constructor() {
            super("config");
        }
    }
    export class Config {
        private static accessor: ConfigAccessor = null;
        constructor() {}
        private static getAccessor(): ConfigAccessor {
            if (Config.accessor == null) Config.accessor = new ConfigAccessor();
            return Config.accessor;
        }
        public static set(key: string, value: any) {
            var config = Config.getAccessor().get() || Config.defaults;
            config[key] = value;
            return Config.getAccessor().set(config)[key];
        }
        public static get(key: string): any {
            var config = Config.getAccessor().get() || Config.defaults;
            return (typeof config[key] != 'undefined') ? config[key] : Config.defaults[key];
        }
        private static defaults: IDefaultConfigs = {
            'download-dir-name'    : 'Prisc',
            'image-format'         : ImageFormats.png,
            'show-file-on-download': true,
            'only-capture'         : false,
            'auth-twitter'         : false
        };
        public static getFileName(defaultFileName: string = String(Date.now())): string {
            return [
                defaultFileName,
                ImageFormats[Config.get('image-format')].replace('e','')
            ].join('.');
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
THIS courtesan of Kanpur became a warrior & strategist when the Britishers came knocking!
This is the story of a leader who worked behind the curtains during the First War of Independence.
Sugandhaa Pandey
April 11 | 2021
The image that forms in our mind, upon hearing the word 'courtesan', is that of a dancer and never of a warrior. However, to the utter dismay of popular portrayal, courtesans played a crucial role during the Revolt of 1857. Today, we are narrating the story of an unsung warrior, Azizun Bai, whose efforts in the decisive Seige of Cawnpore have been lost in the labyrinth of history. While there were no wealth, territory or other personal benefits she would've gained, had India won yet she fought against the Britishers for the sake of freedom.
A frontline warrior from the marginalised section
The city of Kanpur was a theatre of conflict with both Tatya Tope and Nana Saheb rallying forces against the Britishers. Aiding efforts of the rebel soldiers, especially the 2nd cavalry, was a courtesan of Lurkee Mahil, Azizun Bai, who played both an active and passive role in preparing for the First War of Independence.
It is believed that Azizun Bai's house was used by sepoys for secret meetings and that she was a spy who gathered sensitive information from Britishers and passed it along to mutineers. Apart from training other women to use firearms and take care of the wounded, she also collected and distributed arms and ammunitions to the freedom fighters.
She had established her headquarters in one of the gun batteries which was firing shots and shells from almost day one of the siege and stayed put with the soldiers for the entire duration. When the need arose, Azizun Bai even rode into the battlefield, much like Rani Lakshmi Bai, armed with pistols that she fired at the British army.
An inspiring tale, indeed!
One of the key conspirators of the rebellion, it is believed that Azizun Bai was taken into custody by General Havelock who tried to make her confess. However, this star-like beauty had unyielding courage that preferred martyrdom for her country over the forgiveness bestowed by a foreign power. Azizun Bai's story is that of selflessness, honour and bravery- an inspiration for all generations!
azizun bai


InsuretheGap.com saves car buyers hundreds on Guaranteed Asset Protection (GAP) insurance policies which are also known as 'shortfall cover'.
If you buy a new or used car and the car is written off or stolen the insurance company will only pay what the car is worth at that time. This means there is often a GAP between what you paid for the car, what is still owed in finance and what the car is now worth.
For example if you buy a new car for £12,000 using finance the total repayments would typically be £15,000 including interest. If the car was written off after 14 months the car insurance company would only pay out its current value of around £9,000 leaving you with a £6,000 shortfall or GAP.
InsuretheGap saves drivers money and it is easy to get a quote on the website. You can take out a policy up to 6 months after your new or used car's date of purchase.


The Rachael handbag is a beautiful boysenberry purple with a row of oversized golden studs adorning the front.
Closes with a squeeze lock closure and features a golden chain that can either be worn doubled up as shoulder bag or single as a cross body bag.
The interior of the bag is lined with the same material as the exterior and includes a zip closure pocket and an open pocket.


text:
using namespace sidl;

Message::~Message()
{
}


This is a 1.76 mi Other in Fillmore, CA, United States. The Other has a total ascent of 16.54 ft and has a maximum elevation of 441.4 ft. This route was created by claudiafb25 on 09/02/2011. View other Others that claudiafb25 has done or find similar maps in Fillmore.


text:
African Americans and World War II
American Christians, Nazi Germany, and the Holocaust
American College Students and the Nazi Threat
Displaced Persons and Postwar America
Nazi Ideals and American Society
Propaganda and the American Public
US Government Rescue Efforts
Letter from J. L. Published in The Golden Age
The Golden Age
View this Letter
tags: letters & correspondence religious life
Jehovah's Witnesses belong to a Christian religious movement founded in the United States in the late nineteenth century. The group's beliefs differ from those of earlier Christian denominations,1 and it has operated independently of other Christian traditions throughout its history. Unlike many many branches of Christianity, Jehovah's Witnesses maintain distance from secular culture and politics. They aim to remain politically neutral; although they teach respect for the governmental authority, they do not lobby, vote, hold political office, or claim allegiance to political symbols or figures. The group also rejects war and refuses military service.
Beginning in 1933, the Nazi regime in Germany banned the Watchtower Society, Jehovah's Witnesses' nonprofit corporation. The Third Reich also persecuted members of the group throughout the Nazi period. Thousands were arrested for not complying with mandatory military service (introduced in 1935) and denying allegiance to the state (refusing to give the Hitler salute, fly the Nazi flag, or join party organizations). By 1939, the Nazis had detained roughly 6,000 Jehovah's Witnesses in prisons or camps.
Jehovah's Witnesses in the United States closely observed the persecution of Witnesses in Germany by the Nazi government. The group's publications—The Watchtower, The Golden Age, and others—regularly reported on developments in Germany and reprinted first-person accounts from German members of the group. The letter presented here is one such account.2 Although the identity of the author and the circumstances of its creation were unknown to readers, the document demonstrates the role that such publications played in exposing the plight of Witnesses living under Nazi persecution.3 Letters like J. L.'s carried detailed descriptions of arrest, imprisonment, and abuse at the hands of guards.4 In this text, J. L. notes some of the specific ways in which Nazi authorities used Witnesses' religious beliefs and practices to humiliate them and attempt to weaken their conviction.5
The most significant distinction is Jehovah's Witnesses' rejection of the Christian doctrine of the Trinity.
The featured pages from The Golden Age were retrieved from a combined volume of reprinted periodicals, titled Watchtower Reprints of Holocaust (Brooklyn, New York: Watchtower Bible and Tract Society of New York), 680–681.
A brief introduction appears above the English translation of J. L's letter, offering interpretation and background from a certain "Judge J. F. Rutherford." For more the the treatment of Jehovah's Witnesses in the Third Reich, see Detlef Garbe, "The Purple Triangle: The 'Bibelforscher' (Jehovah's Witnesses) in the Concentration Camps," in Dachau and the Nazi Terror 1933–1945, Volume II: Studies and Reports, ed. Wolfgang Benz and Barbara Distel (Dachau: Verlag Dachauer Hefte, 2002), 87–114; Idem, Between Resistance and Martyrdom: Jehovah's Witnesses in the Third Reich (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2008).
Although J. L. signed only his initials, research in postwar archives reveals his identity. Johannes Ernst Löscher was born on January 25, 1892 in Kirchberg, Saxony. His persecution history is also known in detail: his house searched (December 14, 1933), interrogated (December 14, 1933), taken into custody (December 14, 1933), held in Colditz concentration camp (two weeks in December, possibly into January 1934), held in Sachsenburg via Schandau (two weeks in January), and held in Hohnstein for four weeks (middle of January to the middle of February 1934). At that point he was released (which was common for Jehovah's Witnesses at that time), which explains how he was able to compose this letter and pass to a fellow Witness to smuggle out of Germany. Information was provided by the Jehovas Zeugen Deutschland Archiv. Records of the International Tracing Service provide further evidence of Löscher's time in Sachsenburg. A package receipt list shows that Löscher received a package while in custody. Package receipt list, 1934, 1.1.3.7/4073203/ITS Digital Archive, USHMM.
For another example of Nazi persecution of Jehovah's Witnesses, see the related item Decision in the Case of Franz Josef Seitz.
All 13 Items in the American Christians, Nazi Germany, and the Holocaust Collection
"The Ethical Problems of Neutrality: A Columbus Day Sermon of Rediscovering America"
tags: activism Christianity religious life
type: Religious Text
Bishop G. Bromley Oxnam at Buchenwald
tags: Americans abroad US armed forces
Interview with Bishop Henry Knox Sherrill
tags: activism friendship religious life
type: Newspaper Article
"Anti-Jewish Movement Opposed"
tags: Christianity group violence Kristallnacht
Broadcast from Catholic University of America after Kristallnacht
type: Radio Broadcast
"Desecration of Religion"
tags: Christianity politics of fear propaganda religious life
"Report on the Work of the Refugee Committee"
tags: activism relief & rescue religious life
type: Report
Letter from Reverend Hugh M. Newlands to His "Jewish Friends and Neighbors"
tags: Christianity community Jews in North America religious life
"Personal View of the German Churches Under the Revolution"
tags: Americans abroad Christianity religious life
"American Churches to Hitler"
tags: activism Christianity letters & correspondence religious life
Ebba Anderson to Pastor M. E. N. Lindsay
tags: activism Christianity community letters & correspondence
Louise Kleuser to J. L. McEhlany
tags: activism propaganda
J. L. (anonymous)
Judge J. F. Rutherford
Sachsenburg, Germany
Document Type Letter


Nothing is more terrifying than burning off your beautiful locks with a curling iron or your ceramic hair straighteners. Luckily for you, we have a wide range of shampoos, conditioners, soothing serums and balms specifically designed to defend your hair against the horrors of heat styling and consequent heat damage.
Simply browse our collection of Australian and International brands and say goodbye to frizz, flyaways and heat damage.
The secret to gorgeous locks is closer than you think, and it starts with L'Oreal's Elvive Line - Discover a world of available hair care products from conditioners to serums designed to treat hair damage of every kind.


text:
Auction News | All | Music memorabilia | All | Musical Instruments
Bob Dylan's harmonica from his first paid gig to sell at Heritage Auctions
Bob Dylan plays harmonica with Joan Baez during his early days in New York (Image: Wikipedia)
Bob Dylan's harmonica from his first paid gig in New York in 1961 is heading for auction next month.
The stage-used instrument has been described as "possibly the most important harmonica in the history of Dylan's career".
The remarkable piece of music history will be offered at Heritage Auctions on July 21, during the Entertainment and Music Memorabilia Signature Auction in Dallas.
In January 1961, Dylan dropped out of college in Minnesota and moved to New York with a guitar, a harmonica and a dream of making it as a folk musician.
Bob Dylan's harmonica and neckstand from his first paid gigs in New York, circa 1961 (Image: Heritage Auctions)
He was initially driven by his desire to visit his idol Woody Guthrie, the famous American folk singer, who was suffering from Huntington's disease in a New York psychiatric hospital.
He quickly began to make a name for himself on the Greenwich Village coffee house circuit, playing at venues including the Gaslight Cafe and the Cafe Wha?
Woody Guthrie's wife Marjorie introduced Dylan to Eve and Mac McKenzie, a couple with a passion for folk music whose apartment was a magnet for aspiring musicians.
The couple generously took Dylan into their home and he became a regular houseguest, sleeping on their living room couch in between sets. A famous Dylan bootleg, entitled The McKenzie Tapes, was recorded on a reel-to-reel tape machine in their living room during this period.
Then in April 1961 Dylan scored his first proper paid gig, as the opening act for blues legend John Lee Hooker at Gerde's Folk City in Greenwich Village.
This two-week run earned him a strong review by Robert Shelton of the New York Times, which in turn brought him to the attention of Columbia Record producer John Hammond Sr, who signed Dylan to his first recording contract.
When Dylan finally moved out into his own apartment, he left the McKenzies his Hofner harmonica and neckstand, along with the handwritten note "These are for you. They're a bit worn, but still good! Bob"
Bob Dylan's note to the McKenzies, accompanying his harmonica (Image: Heritage Auctions)
The harmonica and stand later passed to their son Peter McKenzie who, as a teenager, had bonded with Dylan during his stay in the family home. Peter also built a collection of Dylan's early song manuscripts, many of which were later donated to the Pierpoint Morgan Library in New York.
Although Heritage Auctions is yet to place an estimate on Bob Dylan's harmonica, stage-played instruments from throughout his career have consistently sold for six-figure sums in recent years.
In May this year, a guitar used by Dylan and band member Robbie Robertson during his first 'electric' tour in 1966 sold at Julien's Auctions for $490,000.
And in November 2017, the Martin acoustic guitar Dylan played onstage with George Harrison at the famous 1971 Concert For Bangladesh in New York sold for $396,500.
But the world record price for a Bob Dylan instrument is still held by the guitar he played at his landmark 'goes electric' gig at the Newport Folk Festival in 1965.
That screaming Fender Stratocaster, which signalled Dylan's evolution from a folk icon to a rock and roll star, sold at Christie's in 2013 for $965,000.
Posted in: Auction News, Music memorabilia, Musical Instruments
Tagged: Bob Dylan, Heritage Auctions
$45 million Ferrari 250 GTO set to rewrite the record books
Han Solo's blaster brings a record $550,000 at Julien's Auctions
Bob Dylan's Blonde on Blonde guitar up for auction at Heritage
Tom Petty's guitar and top hat up for auction at Heritage
Rare Bob Dylan and Buddy Holly items head for sale at Heritage Auctions


text:
Windmill Redoubt () was a redoubt in Żabbar, Malta. It was built by Maltese insurgents during the French blockade of 1798–1800. It was part of a chain of batteries, redoubts and entrenchments encircling the French positions in Marsamxett and the Grand Harbour.

The redoubt was built around a windmill known as Bir Għeliem, or Ta' Buleben, which had been built by Ramon Perellos y Roccaful in around 1710. The redoubt was located on the road between Żabbar and Tarxien, and was also linked to the road to Żejtun. The redoubt was built using rubble walls, and had a triangular shape, and was built in a way so as to block the roads between the three villages. The windmill occupied the south side of the redoubt, and was used as a blockhouse. The windmill's tower served as a lookout post. No details are known about the size of the garrison and the armament of the redoubt.

The Windmill Redoubt was probably demolished soon after the end of the blockade since it blocked important roads. The windmill itself still exists, with some modifications, and it now stands on the middle of a roundabout.

References

Redoubts in Malta
Windmills in Malta
Żabbar
Military installations established in 1798
Demolished buildings and structures in Malta
French occupation of Malta
Vernacular architecture in Malta
Limestone buildings in Malta
1798 establishments in Malta
18th-century fortifications
18th Century military history of Malta

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
CPS takes baby from mother to 'protect against' parents seeking a second opinion
Thursday, May 09, 2013 by: Michael A. Bedar, MA
Tags: CPS, child kidnapping, medical opinion
https://www.naturalnews.com/040261_CPS_child_kidnapping_medical_opinion.html
(NaturalNews) After controversially taking a five-month old baby out of the custody of his parents at gun-point for seeking a second medical opinion on flu-like symptoms, Child Protective Services (CPS) sent a letter to a State Assemblyman of California, Tim Donnelly (R). In the letter, dated May 1, 2013, Sherri Z. Heller, the Director of Health and Human Service (HHS) which is the authority in charge of CPS, refused to release information to Assem. Donnelly.
Heller of HHS asserted that, due to "Welfare and Institutions Code 827" requiring "that juvenile cases be kept confidential," CPS's authority to determine what is "best" for children against their parents' best wishes, where "risk" is seen, is inviolable and unilateral.
The unfolding of a nightmare scenario for parents
Alex and Anna Nikolayev, parents of five-month old Sammy, entered Sutter Memorial Hospital for assessment of their son's flu-like symptoms. Sutter doctors recommended heart surgery for the heart murmur Sammy has had since he was born.
The Nikolayevs left the hospital without a formal discharge, and went to a different hospital, Kaiser, for a second opinion. Both a doctor and a police officer cleared that Sammy was not in any danger by remaining in his parents' care, and the family went home.
But the following day, armed police arrived at the family's private home and demanded, at gun point, that the baby be handed over, without a warrant. The officers specifically informed the Nikolayevs that they would not be told what location the baby would be relocated to.
The home video clearly shows that police, who arrived at the home in numbers, showing their overwhelming force, used the stern phrase, "I'm going to grab your baby, don't resist."
After a week without custody of their child, Alex and Anna Nikolayev were finally reunited and "given" back their custody and natural rights to make Sammy's medical decisions. In order to receive this "gift" from the state, the Nikolayev's say they were required to submit to continued CPS monitoring, which they did in order to get their son back.
State assemblyman: "They've committed no crime"
"They've committed no crime, why are [the parents] not just free to determine what is in the best interest of their child?" Assem. Tim Donnelly, R-Twin Peaks, asked in an interview.
Sutter Memorial Hospital, the hospital from which the Nikolayev's exited on their own volition, released a message that said "a pediatric patient's health in danger" requires nurses and physicians to call authorities.
In the Nikoleyav's case, seeking a second opinion was considered "danger."
CPS has refused to comment directly, citing their legal code of confidentiality.
In the letter to Assem. Tim Donnelly, HHS Director Heller outright refuses to disclose the justification for CPS's actions, stating their actions are determined only by "senior agency personnel." The full letter is available to read from the News10 link below.
Retroactive judicial supervision of CPS only
The only exception to CPS's autonomy is that it must open its behavior to scrutiny if ordered by a judge, said the letter to Assem. Donnelly. However, Heller acknowledged, typically, a judge's review occurs only after the CPS has taken actions that separate children from their parents.
Sammy's father, Alex Nikolayev, said on Tuesday, "I'm not sure who is the higher authority over them. The higher authority needs to look into them because they have a very bad track record, and somebody needs to investigate them."
Said Assem. Donnelly, "I'm not getting any answers. I'm getting this run-around that CPS, whatever they do, they're allowed to operate in secret, and they're accountable to no one," Donnelly said.
Donnelly added that he has been hearing from other parents who described similar incidents, and has called for the state to audit CPS.
PersonalLiberty.com
Michael Bedar MA, BS, is a researcher, writer, and holistic wellness counselor. He is the associate producer with a founding role in the documentary, "Simply Raw: Reversing Diabetes in 30 Days" and is the writer-director of "EcoParque." He now distributes approximately 50 film, ebook, and audio titles through YoelMedia.com. He manages a holistic health practice, facilitates local and online natural wellness and spiritual growth programs, and juices regularly. He helps people live in healthy homes, support their natural fertility, encourage their optimal nutrition, and come into their full presence. He is the Co-Director of Tree of Life - Bay Area, and he has an MA in Live-Food and Spiritual Nutrition from the Cousens School of Holistic Wellness. Bedar's BS from UCSD is an interdisciplinary concentration of Environmental Chemistry, Law and Society, and Design Anthropology.
CPS at FETCH.news


Doctor Recommended, All Natural, Biodegradable, Flushable Wipes!
Our products aren't just labeled "flushable", THEY ARE FLUSHABLE!
With the all the concern surrounding flushable wipes in the news, we are the solution! That's right! Our wipes fully dissipate and are GUARANTEED to keep you clean and fresh.
Our products offer 100% biodegradable and dissipating material, infused with all-natural, hypoallergenic, gentle formulas. Safe for all skin types and ages, AND they work better than traditional paper products. Our dispensers and packaging are made from recyclable and reclaimed materials.
Our paper disperses in under 2 minutes in agitated water.
LOCATED IN THOUSANDS OF STORES NATIONWIDE!
Web Development by Rhino Web, LLC.


This peaceful campground is located in an isolated area near the Big Frog Wilderness. It offers 12 campsites with fire rings and picnic tables. Enjoy fishing in the Conasauga or Jacks Rivers or the solitude of a wilderness trail in the Big Frog Wilderness.
From the Ocoee Ranger Station turn right on Highway 64 and travel 4.8 miles to County road 2330 (Cookson Creek Road). Turn left and travel 3.5 miles to campgound on the right.


The territory of today's Nitra region and its center, the ancient city of Nitra, played in the history of the Slovak nation and Slovakia, in its culture and education extremely important role. On important transport position of Nitra region show corridors that passed through the area in the distant past.
Along the river Nitra was formed the old trade route (i.e. Poland), which was used already in the pre-Roman period - connected the Danube with the Baltic region. In Nitra, it was crossing the trade route connecting the Vienna and Bratislava with Central and Eastern Slovak. In the second half of the 13th century the big importance gained the route named Czech route, which went from Esztergom through Ňárhíd market settlement (the forerunner of Nové Zámky) to Trnava and Skalica na Morave. The territory development axis along the river Nitra allowed the localization of industry. The region has an important geopolitical location - is part of international development axes. It lies in the southeast European developing axis, which was defined under the program of spatial development of Europe over the next fifty years, known as Red Octopus. This development arm runs along the route Stuttgart - Ulm - Munich - Salzburg / Linz - Vienna - Bratislava - Budapest - Belgrade. In terms of cross-border cooperation the Nitra Region is part of Euroregion Váh - Dunaj – Ipeľ. In the east also the Ipeľ Euroregion extends into it.
The Nitra region is located in the southwestern part of Slovakia, while in the south it borders with Hungary (the counties Györ - Moson - Sopron, Komárom - Esztergom and Pest). On the east is adjacent to the Banská Bystrica region (county of Veľký Krtíš, Krupina, Banská Štiavnica and Žarnovica) on the north is adjacent to the Trenčín Region (with county Nové Mesto nad Váhom, Bánovce nad Bebravou and Partizánske). On the west is adjacent to Trnava Region (with county Dunajska Streda, Galanta, Hlohovec and Piešťany). Nitra region has a shape of elongated meridian in a north-south direction.
Nitra region is located at the intersection of the northern spurs of the lowland landscape of the Pannonian basin formed by Danubian Plain and the southwestern spurs of the mountainous landscape of the Western Carpathians, consisted of mountains of the Fatra-Tatra region, the region Matransko-slanska and the Slovak Central Mountains. Danube lowland forms the bulk of the region. Its southern part, Danubian flat, is formed by the river's accumulations, often smothered by silt of drifting sand. The northern part of the lowland consists of Danubian Hills. River Nitra, River Žitava, River Hron and River Ipeľ created sub-hills due to their activities, that are named after them. Downs are covered by loess and loess loam on which very fertile soils have developed.. From the north the area of the region is bordered by mountains Považský Inovec and Tribeč formed by schists, granodiorites, diorites, limestones, dolomites. On the northeast and east there are volcanic mountains Pohronský Inovec and Štiavnické hills, made up mainly by rhyolites and rhyodacites and juts of Krupina plain from volcanic tuffs and agglomerates. Isolated mountains in the southeast region are mountains Burda, which are composed of andesites and its pyroclastic. The highest point of the territory of the Nitra region is located in the mountains Považský Inovec in the northwest area - it is Panska Javorina Hill (942.6 masl.) in the village Podhradie, Topoľčany county. The lowest point of the region (100.1 masl.) is located in the southwest of Danube lowland in the village Vlčany, which borders with the village Neded, county of Šaľa. Natural conditions and intensive agricultural production placed the Nitra region between the breadbaskets of Slovakia.
Agricultural production is focused on crop production, which is represented mainly by growing wheat, barley, maize and sugar beet, sunflower and vegetables. Nitra region is also known for growing grapevines. There are two important areas - Nitra wine region and the Danube wine region. In livestock production, the Region focuses on rearing the farmyard cattle, pigs and poultry. In the area of Levice is developed fish farming. Topoľčianky and New Tekov are known for horse breeding.
Štatistický úrad SR - databáza DATAcube.


text:
Acanthopleuribacter pedis is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium found in marine environments.

Acanthopleuribacter pedis is one of only two species of acidobacteria to have been isolated from animals.

Colonies on marine agar are circular, smooth and yellow in color. Acanthopleuribacter pedis are found on marine agar at a temperature of 15–30 °C (optimally at 30 °C), and grows at a pH of 5–9 (optimally at pH 7–8).

Etymology
The etymology of the genus is:  N.L. n. Acanthopleura, a genus of shellfish; N.L. masc. n. bacter, a rod; N.L. masc. n. Acanthopleuribacter, a rod from Acanthopleura, referring to the isolation of the first strain from the chiton Acanthopleura japonica.
The genus contains a single species namely A. pedis ( Fukunaga et al. 2008, sp. nov. (Type species of the genus).; L. gen. n. pedis, of the foot, referring to the isolation of the type strain from the foot of a chiton.)

Members of the phylum Acidobacteria are ubiquitous in various environments. Soil acidobacteria have been reported to present a variety of strategies for their success in terrestrial environments

References

Acidobacteriota

Wang, Guanghua, et al. (2022). Comparative Genomics Reveal the Animal-Associated Features of the Acanthopleuribacteraceae Bacteria, and Description of Sulfitobacter corallicola gen. nov., sp., nov. Frontiers in microbiology. Vol.13, p.778535-778535. doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.778535


Recently, researcher P P Dhyani carried out a successful revival of part of a religious forest that existed at Badrinath. He undertook to rehabilitate the badrivan (sacred grove) around the holy shrine of Badrinath Dham by planting saplings of tree species that originally grew there. These include Bhojpatra (Betula utilis), Badri (Juniperus macropoda) and Badriphal (Hippophae salicifolia), a shrub. Unfortunately, he is an exception.
Both India and China are ancient civilisations both possessing characteristic indigenous knowledge of conservation of natural ecosystems. The Chinese have recognised the potential of traditional knowledge and regard religious forests as an asset and an important tool for rehabilitation of degraded soil. Unfortunately in India, a similar revival is yet to happen. Few efforts have been made to preserve and restore the pristine glory of forests and even fewer for rehabilitation of degraded land.
Indian culture is a mosaic of different religions. Nature worship was a form of conservation and created environmental awareness. Gardens surrounded Hindu temples and mendicants raised forests that supplied flowers and fruits, which form an inseparable part of Hindu rituals.
These gardens served as an arboretum with their rich collection of medicinal plants. To preserve biodiversity, different Gods were offered flowers and fruits found in different times of the year. Lord Shiva is worshipped with white flowers and wild flowers that abound in summer, Kali is pleased with red ones, and Durga with unique autumnal seasonal flowers such as Sthalkamal (Hibiscus mutabilis) and Harshringar (Nycanthes arbor-tristis).
The concept of offering flowers or fruits was introduced perhaps to iden-tify important plants. Their constant use would lead to need, and so to conservation and propagation. These forests supported a plethora of birds and animals and formed a unique ecosystem. The relics of such forests may still be seen around some of the ancient temples in India. Such forests were known as tapovans (meditation forests), which formed an ideal place for meditation and air purification, and a source of medicinal plants.
Almost all Hindu rituals involve the use of flowers, fruits and plant parts. Both Banyan and Pipal (Ficus religiosa) trees are still so much venerated by Hindus that they are often planted for religious reasons. Beneath their branches may be seen little shrines marked by the presence of rounded stones depicting Lord Shiva and even small temples are erected in their shade. Animals were worshipped as vehicles of the Gods and Goddesses and hence killing them was an offence. This practice led to the conservation of species and maintained the ecological balance.
The Chinese culture is also highly advanced in terms of knowledge of ecosystem conservation. The ethnic minorities of Dai, Miao, Dong and Yao in Yunnan and Guizhou provinces conserve community religious forests around their villages. These forests are called Longshan or Fengshuilin, where ancestors are buried. Felling and hunting are not permitted here. The forests are strictly protected because local residents regard the large trees as Gods and the woodlands as homelands of Gods and heaven for the soul of the dead.
These forests are the habitats of diverse forms of wildlife. Another type of religious forest is the plantation around temples. The Dai in Xishuangbanna are Buddhists. As many as 58 species of religious trees and ornamental flowers are planted for use in Buddhist ceremonies, while constructing temples according to local religious beliefs. The religious forests serve as small reserves for diversity conservation. They are also excellent water-conserving areas. Thus the Chinese civilisation held similar concepts on conservation and nature like us.
Himalayan forests have been affec-ted due to anthropogenic pressure. Fraser's Himalayan Mountains describes that walnuts grew at up to 2750 metres, Deodars (Cedrus deodara) and Bilka up to 2900 metres, and Amesh and Kiushu at similar heights. Today the scenario is literally degraded: only a few strands of long-leaved Excelsia Pine exist. Excessive lopping of trees for wood, fuel, food and fodder are leading to extinction of natural forests in India. Traditional practices are being overlooked. Immediate and sincere efforts are required to rejuvenate the eroding traditional culture and conserve our natural surroundings.


Meluha The Fern is sitauted in Powai, Mumbai. The hotel features Tiara, a multi-cuisine restaurant present at the lobby level serving Indian and international dishes. Free car parking facility is available. This hotel in Mumbai houses 141 rooms fully equipped with amenities which include LCD TV, high speed Wi-Fi internet facility, mini-bar, digital in-room safe and more. Each room has an attached bathroom with hot and cold water facility and other toiletries. The suite rooms feature a bathtub.


text:
Halls Filter
Courses / Undergraduate / Criminology (BSc)
Criminology (BSc)
ABB ABB (View full entry requirements)
UCAS Course code
Open days and visits Order a prospectus Student life
Criminology (BSc) starting September 2022 for 3 years
About this course Entry requirements Course structure Modules Learning and assessment Careers Fees, costs and funding How to apply Related courses
Crime, security and justice are endlessly fascinating subjects, for culture, society and the media. This popular BSc Criminology degree will let you explore how the nature of crime and punishment changes around the world and over time. Specialist modules will help you steer your degree to a range of professional careers.
Criminology at the University of Southampton is ranked 10th in the UK (The Times & Sunday Times, 2022)
Criminology is one of the oldest social sciences. It explores the origins and patterns of criminality, the reasons for committing crime, and the workings of the criminal justice system.
On this course, you'll study criminology and criminal justice, covering topics such as:
criminal behaviour
the socio-legal context of crime
the reaction of society
the future of social control
Our criminology courses are led by knowledgeable and passionate academics at the forefront of the field. We also underpin all our criminology modules with up-to-date research.
This course will open the door to further research, or careers in public service, criminal justice and beyond.
As part of your degree you can:
study a minor subject, such as psychology, alongside your main degree
learn to analyse criminal behaviour and the workings of the criminal justice system
examine cyber and international crime
study abroad for a semester in Brazil, Canada or China
challenge yourself and help make a difference with our Social Impact Lab
take specialist modules from other disciplines to unlock a range of career options
The University is also home to the Institute of Criminal Justice. You can take part in seminars, workshops and lectures, and explore the relationships between criminal justice scholarship, research, policy, and practice.
This course is based at Highfield.
Awarding body
This qualification is awarded by the University of Southampton.
Download the Course Description Document
The Course Description Document details your course overview, your course structure and how your course is taught and assessed.
Changes due to COVID-19
Although the COVID-19 situation is improving, any future restrictions could mean we might have to change the way parts of our teaching and learning take place in 2021 to 2022. We're working hard to plan for a number of possible scenarios. This means that some of the information on this course page may be subject to change.
Find out more on our COVID advice page.
Download 2021-22 Course Description Document
For Academic year 202223
A-levels additional information
Offers typically exclude General Studies and Critical Thinking.
More information about A-levels
A-levels with Extended Project Qualification
If you are taking an EPQ in addition to 3 A levels, you will receive the following offer in addition to the standard A level offer: BBB and grade A in the EPQ
A-levels contextual offer
We are committed to ensuring that all applicants with the potential to succeed, regardless of their background, are encouraged to apply to study with us. The additional information gained through contextual data allows us to recognise an applicant's potential to succeed in the context of their background and experience. Applicants who are highlighted in this way will be made an offer which is lower than the typical offer for that programme, as follows: BBB
International Baccalaureate Diploma
Pass, with 32 points overall with 16 points at Higher Level
More information about International Baccalaureate Diploma
International Baccalaureate contextual offer
We are committed to ensuring that all learners with the potential to succeed, regardless of their background, are encouraged to apply to study with us. The additional information gained through contextual data allows us to recognise a learner's potential to succeed in the context of their background and experience. Applicants who are highlighted in this way will be made an offer which is lower than the typical offer for that programme.
International Baccalaureate Career Programme (IBCP) statement
Offers will be made on the individual Diploma Course subject(s) and the career-related study qualification. The CP core will not form part of the offer. Where there is a subject pre-requisite(s), applicants will be required to study the subject(s) at Higher Level in the Diploma course subject and/or take a specified unit in the career-related study qualification. Applicants may also be asked to achieve a specific grade in those elements. Please see the University of Southampton International Baccalaureate Career-Related Programme (IBCP) Statement for further information. Applicants are advised to contact their Faculty Admissions Office for more information.
BTEC qualifications should be in Health and Social Care, Public Services, or Forensic and Criminal Investigation. Please check with us if your BTEC qualification is in a different subject before applying.
More information about BTEC
Select additional entry requirements to display
Show more entry requirements Access to HE Diploma Irish Leaving Certificate Scottish Qualification offers Cambridge Pre-U Welsh Baccalaureate European Baccalaureate
Show more entry requirements
Access to HE Diploma
Irish Leaving Certificate
Scottish Qualification offers
Welsh Baccalaureate
60 credits with a minimum of 45 credits at Level 3, of which 30 must be at Distinction and 15 credits at Merit
Access to HE additional information
Irish Leaving Certificate (first awarded 2017)
A1, A1, A1, A1, A2, A2
Scottish Qualification
Offers will be based on exams being taken at the end of S6. Subjects taken and qualifications achieved in S5 will be reviewed. Careful consideration will be given to an individual's academic achievement, taking in to account the context and circumstances of their pre-university education.
Please see the University of Southampton's Curriculum for Excellence Scotland Statement (PDF) for further information. Applicants are advised to contact their Faculty Admissions Office for more information.
D3 M2 M2 in three Principal subjects
Cambridge Pre-U additional information
Cambridge Pre-U's can be used in combination with other qualifications such as A Levels to achieve the equivalent of the typical offer
ABB from 3 A levels or AB from two A levels and B from the Advanced Welsh Baccalaureate Skills Challenge Certificate
Welsh Baccalaureate additional information
Welsh Baccalaureate contextual offer
76-78% overall
UK students
Other ways to qualify
GCSE requirements
Applicants must hold GCSE English language (or GCSE English) (minimum grade 4/C) and mathematics (minimum grade 4/C)
Find the equivalent international qualifications for our entry requirements.
If English isn't your first language, you'll need to complete an International English Language Testing System (IELTS) to demonstrate your competence in English. You'll need all of the following scores as a minimum:
IELTS score requirements
We accept other English language tests. Find out which English language tests we accept.
You might meet our criteria in other ways if you do not have the qualifications we need. Find out more about:
our Access to Southampton scheme for students living permanently in the UK (including residential summer school, application support and scholarship)
skills you might have gained through work or other life experiences (otherwise known as recognition of prior learning)
Find out more about our Admissions Policy.
Please contact our enquiries team if you're not sure that you have the right experience or qualifications to get onto this course.
Email: enquiries@southampton.ac.uk
Tel: +44(0)23 8059 5000
About this course Course structure
You'll take 8 modules per year, which consist of contact time (lectures, seminars, workshops), preparation for classes, and independent study.
In years 2 and 3, you can choose optional modules from related disciplines or other faculties. You can even learn a new language. You can also choose from a range of interdisciplinary modules, including Business Skills, Life in the Cosmos or Understanding Modern China. These are a great opportunity to expand your knowledge and create an impressive CV.
Year 1 overview
You'll take core criminology modules, which introduce you to criminal behaviour and the workings of the justice system. You'll also take modules on how social sciences understand everyday life and an introduction to quantitative methods.
Typical optional modules in this year include:
Transformations of the Modern World
Social Problems and Social Policy
Exploring Other Cultures
Foundations in Social and Anthropological Theory
You'll study qualitative and quantitative research methods in detail. You'll also look at perspectives and policy in criminology.
You can also take 1 optional module in the first semester and 3 in the second. These include:
Criminological Psychology
Crime and Criminal Justice: Historical Perspective
Globalisation, Inequalities and Power
Gender and Society
You'll put your research skills into practice by writing a dissertation on a subject of your choice.
You'll study law enforcement, social control, and controversial issues like domestic violence and policing minority groups.
The rest of the year's content consists of optional modules, including:
The Deserving and Undeserving: Victims and Scroungers in Criminology and Social Policy
Violent and Sexual Offenders
Global Crime and Justice
Want more detail? See all the modules in the course.
Entry requirements Modules
For entry in Academic Year 2022-23
Year 1 modules
You must study the following modules in year 1:
Criminal Justice Studies
In this module you will develop an understanding of the England and Wales criminal justice system, with a particular focus on its philosophies, institutional practices and processes and outcomes. You will gain an understanding of how the criminal justice ...
The module introduces you to key thinkers and their contributions to social theory, their ideas about the social world and the way it works. These ideas provide the building blocks for your degree whether you are studying sociology, anthropology, crimino...
Historical Perspectives in Social Science: Deviance, Conflict, Censure and Control
The module is concerned with the interrelationships between society, social change, and social censure. A central theme running throughout CRIM1005 is that we can only make sense of contemporary social change (and responses to it) today if we have an unde...
Introduction to Criminology
This module focuses on definitions and measurement of crime and deviance; it explores sociological theories and bio-psychological approaches of crime and deviance and it promotes critical thinking on the social construction of crime.
Simple Liars, Damned Liars, and Experts: the use of empirical research in social science
A key skill of a social scientist is to be able to assess the quality of evidence presented based on strong methodological foundations. We need to understand what constitutes evidence, including how it can be produced, agreed, disputed, disseminated and m...
The module introduces students to the ways in which "social problems" come to be defined within societies and the factors shaping social policy responses to such problems.
The module will look at key social transformations in the modern world and the way in which these have been analysed by social scientists.
Understanding the Social World
This module lays down the foundations for conducting social research in any discipline within the social sciences, focused around criminology, economics, international relations, politics, population sciences, social policy and sociology. The module will ...
This module encourages you to take an in-depth look at the way psychology has been used to explain and control crime. We will explore the way psychological principles can be applied to such issues as violence, murder, serial killing and the role of the c...
Perspectives in Criminology
This module focuses upon the contemporary development of criminology as a discipline and the range of perspectives and theories that form part of it. These include traditional and more radical sociological and criminological theories. One of the pre-re...
Qualitative Research: Foundations, Principles and Methods
This module has two goals. First to teach students the foundations, principals and methods of qualitative research. Second to support students in identifying a topic and designing a research project for their third year dissertation. One of the pre-req...
Research Methods in The Social Sciences
This module builds upon the material learnt in the first year in STAT1003. It aims to increase your knowledge of social science research strategies and methods of collecting data (both quantitative and qualitative). It does this by covering the whole rese...
You must also choose from the following modules in year 2:
Children and Society
This module is designed to introduce you to some of the key concepts and debates surrounding children and childhood. It will provide you an opportunity to develop an analytical and critical understanding of the theoretical frameworks, research, policy and...
Class Structure and Social Inequality
This module looks at the changing nature of material, social and cultural inequality in British society, and how it affects our everyday lives.
Culture, Communication and Resistance
Anthropology actively studies people in real-life settings in order to investigate the crucial roles that culture and social organisation play in their lives. Sociology actively pursues strong theoretical perspectives which further explores the relationsh...
Gender & Society
The module will introduce sociological perspectives on gender and to contemporary debates about gender and society.
Race and Ethnicity in Society
This module will explore the issues of race, racism, racial conflict, and race relations in contemporary Britain and worldwide. Although we will mainly refer to Britain, global examples from Europe, the US, the Caribbean, Africa, and South America will be...
This module will look at some of the key terms, issues and debates within social theory. Key terms and concepts will be introduced via selected theories, theoretical issues and the ideas of specific writers who have attempted to explain social phenomena,...
Youth and Crime
The youth of today' has long been a source of curiosity to older generations, and sociologists and criminologists are no exception to this trend. Over the past 100 years, there have been attempts both to explain society's fascination with the younger gene...
You will conduct small-scale, independent study of a chosen topic, within your particular degree pathway.
Issues in Law Enforcement and Social Control
This module considers a range of issues in the area of the sociology of the policy and policing and more broadly the sociology of social control - issues, include domestic violence, public order and policing minority groups.
Comparative Sociology
This module is concerned with the development of modern societies and the nature of 'modernity'. It will draw on the writings of contemporary sociologists in order to consider what the most important processes of social change taking place are and how the...
Comparing Welfare States - Evolution, Politics & Impact
In this module we will first explore why all industrialised countries developed programmes to reduce social risks. We will then examine how and why this development was different in different countries. Finally we will discuss some of the main challenges...
Penology is the study of punishment, in prison and in the community. Students are encouraged to think critically about the multiple purposes and debatable effectiveness of our contemporary modes of punishment, and to understand why this 'end product' of t...
This module will explore the issues of race, racism, racial conflict, and race relations in contemporary Britain and worldwide. Although we will mainly refer to Britain, global examples from Europe, the US, the Caribbean, Africa, and South America will b...
Sexuality and Intimacy
This module is concerned with different anthropological and sociological approaches to studying two important areas of human experience, namely sexuality and intimacy. We explore the relationship between sex, love and intimacy, taking into consideration ...
Societal sensitivity regarding victims in the UK has grown in recent decades. In the UK new policies and legislation have emerged at all levels in the criminal justice system with the aim of putting the victim at the centre of the criminal justice process...
Would you like to understand why people - mostly men - are violent, or commit rape, or sexually abuse young children? Are people who do such things mentally ill? What might have happened to them in their lives that makes them commit such serious offences...
Course structure Learning and assessment
Learning and assessment
The learning activities for this course include the following:
individual and group projects
independent learning (studying on your own)
Course time
How you'll spend your course time:
Study time
Your scheduled learning, teaching and independent study for year 1:
Scheduled learning & teaching
How we'll assess you
oral presentations
written exams
Your assessment breakdown
Year 1:
You'll be supported by a personal academic tutor and have access to a senior tutor.
Paul Bridgen is the course leader.
Modules Careers
You'll develop the knowledge and skills required for criminological and psychology research, including:
methods and techniques
evaluation of results
This course can lead to management, planning and delivering social and public services and criminal justice. It also offers an excellent foundation for professional training or postgraduate study.
Our graduates embark on diverse career pathways including:
Contact us to speak to a careers advisor.
Careers services at Southampton
We are a top 20 UK university for employability (QS Graduate Employability Rankings 2019). Our Careers and Employability Service will support you throughout your time as a student and for up to 5 years after graduation. This support includes:
work experience schemes
CV and interview skills and workshops
careers fairs attended by top employers
a wealth of volunteering opportunities
study abroad and summer school opportunities
We have a vibrant entrepreneurship culture and our dedicated start-up supporter, Futureworlds, is open to every student.
Work in industry
You'll have the opportunity to take a Year in Employment, which is a paid work placement between your second and third year.
Learning and assessment Fees, costs and funding
Fees, costs and funding
Fees for a year's study:
UK students pay £9,250.
EU and international students pay £19,300.
What your fees pay for
Your tuition fees pay for the full cost of tuition and all examinations.
pay your tuition fees
calculate your student finances
Accommodation and living costs, such as travel and food, are not included in your tuition fees. Explore:
accommodation costs
budgeting advice
Bursaries, scholarships and other funding
If you're a UK or EU student and your household income is under £25,000 a year, you may be able to get a University of Southampton bursary to help with your living costs. Find out about bursaries and other funding we offer at Southampton.
If you're a care leaver or estranged from your parents, you may be able to get a specific bursary.
Get in touch for advice about student money matters.
You may be able to get a scholarship or grant that's linked to your chosen subject area.
We award scholarships and grants for travel, academic excellence, or to students from underrepresented backgrounds.
Support during your course
The Student Services Centre offers support and advice on money to students. You may be able to access our Student Support fund and other sources of financial support during your course.
Funding for EU and international students
Find out about funding you could get as an international student.
Careers How to apply
When you apply use:
UCAS course code: L611
UCAS institution code: S27
Apply for 2022 entry
What happens after you apply?
We will assess your application on the strength of your:
predicted grades
academic reference
We aim to respond to you within 2 to 6 weeks with a decision about your application.
We treat and select everyone in line with our Equality and Diversity Statement.
Fees, costs and funding Related courses
Criminology and Psychology
Typical offer: AAB
UCAS course code: LC68
Sociology and Criminology
Typical offer: ABB
UCAS course code: LL63
Part of the Russell Group
For schools & colleges
For employers & recruiters
Fax: +44(0)23 8059 3131
Follow us on Facebook Follow us on Twitter Follow us on Instagram Follow us on Linkedin Follow us on Youtube
Download a copy of our prospectus or order a printed copy to be delivered to your door.
Data protection & freedom of information
Archers Road
City Gateway
Erasmus Park
Glen Eyre
Highfield Hall
Wessex Lane
Apply for accommodation
Guaranteed accommodation
Fees and contracts
Your accommodation options
International and pre-sessional students
Postgraduate accommodation
Couples and students with children
Renting privately
Our accommodation areas
Avenue Campus
Boldrewood Innovation Campus
Highfield Campus
Southampton General Hospital
Waterfront Campus
Winchester Campus
Academic and mental health support
Undergraduate open days
Campus open days: what to expect
Online subject talks: what to expect
Undergraduate applicant subject visits
Postgraduate open days and visits
What to expect at our postgraduate events
Course vacancies
How Clearing works
International Clearing
International partner agents
Access to Southampton
HE talks & events
Subject-specific talks
Arrange a school or college visit
Residentials & summer schools
UAS school and college placements


"Deservedly so," Melvin said before a Bay Area exhibition game against the San Francisco Giants. "He's had a terrific spring, pitched well whether he was starting a game, whether he was piggy-backing with somebody, and continued pitching the same the entire spring — with some pressure on him knowing that he had to win a job. Proud of him. He deserves to be in the rotation."
Jurickson Profar was acquired by the A's in the off-season to play second base after All-Star Jed Lowrie became a free agent, but Profar will also get a look at first as Oakland tries to fill the void created by Gold Glove winner Matt Olson's hand injury.


AnonD-212439, 12 Jan 2014when will this phone be available in middle east and africa ??? plz reply .... bec. i really w... moreI too . When will it come to Egypt ?
when will this phone be available in middle east and africa ??? plz reply .... bec. i really want this phone ..
Does it support glance screen?
Anonymous, 12 Jan 2014how good is the performance compared to Lumia 520, 720 and 625? Is multitasking better in thi... moreThanks to 1GB RAM, you can instantly resume apps without seeing "resuming..." screen like in 512MB phone (most of the time).
I have whatsapp, wechat, facebook, line, skype, internet explorer, nokia music, photos, vine, google maps, here maps, instagram BETA running in the same time, all of them can be resumed instantly, EXCEPT skype, hereMap and photos.
gagan, 12 Jan 2014does lumia 525 supprot skype call. or not ?Support Skype video call only using back camera, uncomfortable chatting with cam, either you can't see him/her, or s/he can't see you.
The specs of this phone is very good but if Nokia company gave front camera to this phone. It's became supperb smart phone than other lumia phone.
wat about battery stands...is it good or as like andriod???
ashu, 12 Jan 2014pls tell me lumia 525 has audio equilizer or not?No equilizer in 520 n 525.
does lumia 525 supprot skype call. or not ?
pls tell me lumia 525 has audio equilizer or not?
AnonD-214073, 12 Jan 2014My Lumia 525 don't have equalizer/dolby setting except flip to silence.how good is the performance compared to Lumia 520, 720 and 625?
Is multitasking better in this?
Is resuming screen problem still present?
Do apps restart instead of showing from where you left?
do the free games come out of the box or do we have to download them?can any apps be moved to sd card like in android?
AnonD-3611, 11 Jan 2014Does the Lumia 525 music player has equalizer? And Dolby? According to this it does: http:... moreMy Lumia 525 don't have equalizer/dolby setting except flip to silence.
AnonD-218229, 12 Jan 2014Guys can we share photos and videos by using whats up. some of them are saying that we cant s... moreYes you can share.
AnonD-218229, 12 Jan 2014Guys can we share photos and videos by using whats up. some of them are saying that we cant s... morecurrenly 3rd party apps dont have access of video hub.. save ur videos in pictures hub using computer.. whatsapp has access of pictures hub so u can save or send videos using whatsapp.
Must be poor,because nokia has nothing improve for music.as i personally feel in mostly nokia handsets.


Meet Minneapolis recently awarded Jim Kyndberg, executive chef for Radisson Blu Minneapolis Downtown, with its Hospitality Hero award. The award recognizes a company or individual who has contributed significantly to the public image of Minneapolis through outstanding hospitality and service.
Kyndberg was nominated by Al Giraud-Isaacson, director of human resources at Radisson Blu Minneapolis Downtown. It was Kyndberg's trend-setting farm to table approach that impressed Giraud-Isaacson.
"He has a true commitment to support our local farmers who care as much about what they are producing as [much as] we care about what we are creating," said Giraud-Isaacson.
We reached out to Kyndberg to hear all about his reaction to the honor, his goals for the future, and his favorite things about Minneapolis.
Our food scene in Mpls. has grown so much over the past couple of years that sometimes it feels like you can get lost in the shadows so easily. So I guess I would have to answer by saying this award really meant a lot to me by showing me that my efforts and contributions are appreciated and did not go on unnoticed.
What goals do you have in mind for the hotel for this year and farther down the line?
Continue to explore and test the boundaries of what a MN inspired menu can mean and expand to. Yes, we source locally whenever possible, sustainable food practices are very important to us and it is easy for me as a chef to find inspiration by our defined seasons. But my challenge and my goal is to create what is our taste of place. We have such a diverse culture living and working in our state. I find it only natural to embrace these influences and find new ways to incorporate into menu offerings, both in our banquets and catering and especially in FireLake.
You've now been honored as a Hospitality Hero. Who are a few of your personal heroes?
If this question was based on my food heroes I would have to say Alice Waters and Charlie Trotter. I would consider them my first real food heroes. My mind was blown when I dined in their restaurants and it really ignited a fire in my culinary career. For real life heroes, I know it sounds cliché but I have to say my wife. With all the crazy hours and time away from home somehow we have managed to raise a beautiful family. It would not have been possible without her. She is my true hero.
What do you enjoy most about working at The Radisson Blu?
Every day is a new challenge. You never really know what you might face throughout any given day. One of the advantages of working in a hotel is that you have so many resources built right into your property. Sometimes the hotel itself almost feels like our own little city.
If you could give advice to yourself when you were just starting out in the industry, what would that advice be?
Listen more and don't be in such a hurry.
Besides The Radisson Blu, where is your favorite place to dine in the city?
So many to choose from and this is really a hard question for me since I don't get out nearly as much as I should. I would have to say the patio at Butcher and the Boar. It's close and always good!
What are your top three favorite things about Minneapolis?
Love being a part of the urban scene. I live in a small town approx 30 miles outside the city so in a weird kind of way helps me feel balanced living and working in two such opposite environments. I love the culture and diversity of Minneapolis. Having lived in different cities I feel our dedication to music and the arts is unsurpassed and to be able to enjoy this with so many great parks and trail systems throughout the city is very unique. And last but definitely not least our local food scene. We've come a long way baby!!
If you could describe Minneapolis to someone using just one word, what would that word be?
Lela Restaurant has rolled out new lunch and dinner menus, created by new executive chef Thomas Orbison.
Chef Orbison discovered his passion and talent for cooking following his career in the United States Air Force. "After six years in the military, I developed a passion for cooking and moved to Paris to study at Le Cordon Bleu, which is like Harvard for chefs," said Orbison.
Now that he's back in Minnesota for the first time since 2004, Orbison is excited to launch some new entrees in the southwest metro.
Maite Kuhns, a corporate trainer and recruiter for Parasole restaurants has been named the Hospitality Hero award winner for fourth quarter by 2017 by Meet Minneapolis, Convention and Visitors Association. This honor that is nominated by their colleagues, is given quarterly to a member who has made valuable contributions to the image and culture within the Minneapolis hospitality community.
Kira Musolf has been named a Hospitality Hero award winner for third quarter by Meet Minneapolis, Convention and Visitors Association. This award is given quarterly to members of the Minneapolis hospitality community. Nominated by colleagues, this honors individuals or companies that have made impressive and memorable contributions to the image and culture of Minneapolis through their hospitality and service.


text:
layout: category
title: "Data mining"
slug: data-mining
permalink: /category/data-mining/
---