When you think of black and white cookies, you usually think of the cookies you see in almost every bakery window while storming the busy streets of New York City. You know the cookies I'm talking about...the big and thick, chewy and cakey cookies that are painted with chocolate frosting on one side and painted with white frosting on the other side. However, Sunset magazine has a different take on the traditional black and white cookie (or perhaps this is the west coast version...or the distant cousin...of the NYC classic).
After this failure from Sunset, I have to admit that I was a bit skeptical about trying another Sunset cookie recipe. Then again, my philosophy on baking is "nothing ventured, nothing gained", so I risked the Ghirardelli Bittersweet Chocolate bars and Lindt Excellence White Coconut White Chocolate bars in my pantry and ran with the recipe.
At first glance, I was pretty sure that this was going to be yet another Sunset flop after seeing the way the cookie dough resembled brownie batter, but I continued on my way, added the chopped white chocolate and chilled the dough.
The recipe instructs that you chill the dough until firm, at least 1 hour. (At least are the key words here.) Let me just tell you right now that your dough will be nowhere near a firm dough at 1 hour. I let my dough sit in the fridge for four hours before continuing on with the recipe, and it still wasn't anything near what a firm cookie dough batter usually is. I just pulled out the cookie scoop, crossed my fingers and hoped that somehow (and magically) the oven would bake up two decent batches of cookies.
These are really good cookies. These have a crunchy/flaky exterior and a chewy brownie-like interior. The white coconut white chocolate added a great flavor. I love the tiny pieces of coconut in the Lindt bars. You get the taste of coconut without the stringyness (is that a word?) of shredded coconut. The big, irregular chunks of white chocolate look great in contrast to the dark bittersweet chocolate in these cookies, too.
And who did I make these for? Kristen, of course. She's stopping by tonight, and a big plate of cookies always puts a smile on her face. I figured these cookies were perfect to make for her since she loved these so much. And in keeping with the chocolate/white chocolate theme, I know she'll love these cookies, too.
Preheat oven to 325°. In a heatproof bowl set over a pan of barely simmering water (but not touching it), stir chocolate and butter until smooth, 5 minutes. Remove bowl from over water; whisk in sugar, eggs, and vanilla.
In another bowl, mix flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Add to chocolate mixture and stir until well blended. Stir in white chocolate. Cover and chill dough until firm, at least 1 hour.
Shape dough into 2-inch balls and place about 3 inches apart on buttered or cooking parchment-lined 12- by 15-inch baking sheets.
Bake until set at the edges but still soft in the center, 12 to 15 minutes; if baking more than one pan at a time, switch pan positions halfway through baking.
Let cool for 5 minutes on sheets; transfer to racks to cool completely.
Notes: Use quality chocolate bars...you can use either bittersweet or semisweet chocolate depending on your tastes and/or what you have on hand. Do NOT overbake these...mine were done at 12 minutes. You can use regular chopped white chocolate if you cannot find the Lindt white coconut white chocolate. I got 24 cookies.
These are so yummy and are even more crunchy today. I ate them for breakfast lunch and dinner. The coconut white chocolate is awesome.
Thank you for making these for me.
I'm glad you liked them. I am convinced cookies taste best at breakfast.


The daughter and three granddaughters of one of the Coit Tower muralists attended at a celebration on Thursday to mark the first anniversary of the tower's major renovations and to help kick off a new program to educate visitors about the team of artists who created the historic Depression-era works lining its interior. These 25 artists are finally getting their due, as 10,000 brochures with each of their photos and information about the public art project will be handed out over the summer.
Greta Haug-Hryciw, Rachel Haug Prescott, Jayne Oldfield Blatchly and Harvey L. Smith.
Jayne Oldfield Blatchly of Glen Park was on hand with her daughter Ellen Fortier and nieces Greta Haug-Hryciw and Rachel Haug Prescott for the occasion. Oldfield Blatchly, who was six years old when her father Otis Oldfield painted his mural in the tower, provided a living history that added rich context to the works. "I used to run around all the time; we came up here to play," she said. "It was our playground. We knew all the people. We had a blast." She said the artists and their families would go out to the North Beach bistros and socialize together. "It was a community up here, the Telegraph Hill artists," she added. "It was an experience to see them all working together in harmony and working together joyously. They did enjoy making their art for the public."
Oldfield even painted his daughter Jayne and her sister, Rhoda Oldfield-Mix, into his mural, which is in the vestibule across from the elevator. Look to the bottom right corner and you'll see the backs of two little girls. Rhoda is the blonde and Jayne is the brunette with a bow in her hair. They're looking out over the working waterfront. "At this time, we lived on Montgomery Street right across from this view," Oldfield Blatchly said. She recalled the tugboats and lumber schooners vividly. "This is a view we had from our living room window back in the day. It is accurate and an absolute replica of the craft that was on the bay at the time."
Jon Golinger, founder of Protect Coit Tower, collected the artists' photos—some provided by their families and never before seen in public—and organized the event to launch the brochures and to mark the first anniversary of the restoration. Money for the brochures came from a grant from Delia Fleishhacker Ehrlich, great-niece of Herbert Fleishhacker, who was the head of the San Francisco Parks Commission when the tower was built. Funding for the $1.7 million restorations came mostly from 2004 Lease Revenue Bonds, with another $250,000 from SF Rec & Park. Also, in 2012, Golinger spearheaded Proposition B to prioritize funding for Coit Tower from money raised by its elevator rides to the top, which will guarantee ongoing maintenance. In the past year alone, he said, some damage already occurred from moisture and occasional visitor contact.
Jon Golinger shows a brochure.
Many visitors to Coit Tower mistakenly think all of the murals inside were painted by a single artist because they're so similar in style and execution. But in fact, 21 men and four women created the 27 historic works between December 1933 and June 1934, and it was the first project in the country funded by the New Deal's Public Works of Art Project, a precursor to the Works Progress Administration (WPA). The artists were paid $1 an hour and earned an average of $639 for their labor, a decent wage at the time, especially when you consider government workers earned an average of 62 cents an hour.
"This represents the democratization of art," said Harvey L. Smith, president of the National New Deal Preservation Association. Working-class people didn't used to have the opportunity to go to museums or concerts, he added, nor did they have access to recreation—those things were for the wealthy before government programs and funding opened access for all. Coit Tower itself is free to enter; elevator rides are $6 for residents with discounts for seniors and youths. Docent-guided tours of the murals are $7, or City Guides offers free tours at 11am every Wednesday and Saturday.
"It's such a time capsule," said Greta Haug-Hryciw, Oldfield's granddaughter and the niece of Oldfield Blatchly. "This shows the life of the times. It teaches us how important art is and is a testament to San Francisco, FDR [President Franklin Delano Roosevelt], the artists and the fact that they could make a living at their art. I hope that happens again."
Books by Jayne Oldfield Blatchly and Harvey L. Smith are sold at Coit Tower.


text:
Catlettsburg es una ciudad ubicada en el condado de Boyd en el estado estadounidense de Kentucky. En el Censo de 2010 tenía una población de 1856 habitantes y una densidad poblacional de 435,63 personas por km².

Geografía

Catlettsburg se encuentra ubicada en las coordenadas , en el extremo noreste del estado, teniendo fronteras con Ohio y Virginia Occidental, por lo tanto es un trifinio. Según la Oficina del Censo de los Estados Unidos, Catlettsburg tiene una superficie total de 4.26 km², de la cual 3.23 km² corresponden a tierra firme y (24.19%) 1.03 km² es agua.

Demografía
Según el censo de 2010, había 1856 personas residiendo en Catlettsburg. La densidad de población era de 435,63 hab./km². De los 1856 habitantes, Catlettsburg estaba compuesto por el 97.95% blancos, el 1.02% eran afroamericanos, el 0.27% eran amerindios, el 0% eran asiáticos, el 0% eran isleños del Pacífico, el 0.11% eran de otras razas y el 0.65% pertenecían a dos o más razas. Del total de la población el 0.97% eran hispanos o latinos de cualquier raza.

Referencias

Enlaces externos

Ciudades de Kentucky
Localidades del condado de Boyd (Kentucky)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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Ok, that's all we wanted to say. Thanks for reading. Bon anniversaire, Jean-Luc!


With a business account, you'll get access to new business features and Instagram Insights. These tools can help you better understand who is engaging with your business on Instagram. You can also adjust the privacy of your profile in... Once you have a business account, you can add in relevant business information like store hours, business address, phone number and a link to your website. Learn the best practices for getting started and creating your presence on Instagram in this free 15-minute Blueprint course.
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If you're a new business trying to get a leg up in this world, Instagram is a no-brainer platform to adopt. It's hyper visual, its mostly organic, and almost every adult human uses it, making it ideal for propelling a newb enterprise forward.


text:
'''Item formatters for RC headers.
'''

from __future__ import print_function

def Format(root, lang='en', output_dir='.'):
  yield '''\
// This file is automatically generated by GRIT. Do not edit.

#pragma once
'''
  # Check for emit nodes under the rc_header. If any emit node
  # is present, we assume it means the GRD file wants to override
  # the default header, with no includes.
  default_includes = ['#include <atlres.h>', '']
  emit_lines = []
  for output_node in root.GetOutputFiles():
    if output_node.GetType() == 'rc_header':
      for child in output_node.children:
        if child.name == 'emit' and child.attrs['emit_type'] == 'prepend':
          emit_lines.append(child.GetCdata())
  for line in emit_lines or default_includes:
    yield line + '\n'
  if root.IsAllowlistSupportEnabled():
    yield '#include "ui/base/resource/allowlist.h"\n'
  for line in FormatDefines(root):
    yield line

def FormatDefines(root):
  '''Yields #define SYMBOL 1234 lines.

  Args:
    root: A GritNode.
  '''
  tids = root.GetIdMap()
  rc_header_format = '#define {0} {1}\n'
  if root.IsAllowlistSupportEnabled():
    rc_header_format = '#define {0} (::ui::AllowlistedResource<{1}>(), {1})\n'
  for item in root.ActiveDescendants():
    with item:
      for tid in item.GetTextualIds():
        yield rc_header_format.format(tid, tids[tid])

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Ford's Attack on Toronto: The End of Local Democracy As We Know It?
Canada • August 30, 2018 • Tim Heffernan and Greg Albo
There's a lot to be said about the new Doug Ford-led Conservative administration in Ontario, but it is Ford's unilateral and radical reduction of the size of Toronto City Council in Bill 5, the Better Local Government Act, that has drawn much of the initial attention and opprobrium. We need to consider the reaction to it from the local left and how the new situation may open up a new terrain for the socialist left to intervene in the October 22 Toronto election (and other local elections across the province).
Despite the initial dissent from expected quarters – political junkies, the so-called 'downtown elites', community activists, this opposition will not necessarily damage Ford. Even if these measures are authoritarian and anti-democratic, as with Trump, Putin, and many others in this political moment of right-wing populism, they will not necessarily hurt Ford. And, behind the "dysfunctionality" rhetoric that Ford invoked to justify the attack on the representative structure of Toronto's council, his real intention has less to do with savings, efficiencies and better decision-making and more to do with ensuring a council with a strengthened hard right, neoliberal element.
That being said, the Ford attack on Toronto's local democracy is 'meat and drink' to the Ford Nation constituency; and even outside of that constituency there is likely to be large levels of popular indifference. Opinion polls to date do not reveal a groundswell of resistance from the people. The Toronto Star , on July 29, had this less than inspiring headline "Nearly half of Torontonians oppose Ford's plan to slash city council, poll finds." Opinions have not budged much since, even as various legal and other challenges have sprung up.
Moving the Goal Posts
The Ford regime's radical and directed attack on the size of Toronto Council needs to be placed in some context. Ford, when he announced the plan to downsize the Council, referred to the fact that Los Angeles gets by with a council of 15 (with Ford ignoring that like most large cities with small numbers of councilors a borough system of governance below that). He could equally have mentioned Vancouver that has a mayor and 10 councilors. Ford's Liberal and NDP opponents came back with arguments that if the same formula was applied to other parts of Ontario, Belleville (population of 50,000) would get zero representatives, Windsor would have 3, etc. The point is that Ford is not after Belleville and Windsor. He's after Toronto and playing to his right-wing, anti-tax, anti-government populist base inside and outside Toronto.
In some ways, the debate over the size of wards and municipal representation is similar to the debate over the "first-past-the-post" and "proportional representation" voting systems. PR may be formally a better democratic voting system than FPTP, but the absence of the former in Canada isn't what's holding back the election of a left-wing government. And a councilor in a ward representing 60,000 is better than one representing 120,000. But in itself changing the ward system is not going to get too many people agitated to take political action.
The Conservatives also moved the goal posts in the middle of the game by inserting his electoral revisions when the campaign process had already begun. Clearly this is a direct attack on the formal procedures of democracy. But it hardly needs underlining that liberal democracy is already designed to disorganize working-class citizens and favour ruling class interests, and local democracy is no different.
Indeed, it is notable how contained parliamentary opposition has been to such a sharp, directed, and arbitrary attack on Toronto's local democracy. The national parliamentary parties have hardly said a word in deference to arcane Canadian constitutional principles that cities fall under the powers allocated to the province, with no constitutional status at all given to municipalities. At Queen's Park, the debate over Bill 5 was formal and stage managed with Bill 5 passing predictably by the Conservative majority on August 14. Six days later, Toronto City Council voted, equally predictably but in a rancorous and sharply divided debate, by 27 votes to 15, to mount a legal challenge to Bill 5.
In all this, Ford and the Conservatives at Queen's Park have been decisive in taking action to consolidate his hold on the party and canny in how he has been selling his policies. He has been playing to his base and forming their partisan loyalty, but at the same time he has not provoked unnecessary opposition. So for example he got rid of the "$6-million dollar man," the CEO of Ontario Hydro, as promised (even if the financial cost of the "resignation" is going to be much more than $6-million.) He effectively kept the promise to his conservative supporters on abolishing the revised 2015 sexual education curriculum for schools and returning to the 1998 one. But at the same time he has promised consultation, left some wiggle room for teachers, and yet appeased his base.
Or that's what it seemed. Perhaps in a Trump like moment, Ford decided that the base needed to be thrown some more red meat. On August 22, he announced what many consider to be a 'snitch line', a government website where disgruntled parents could report teachers who continue to teach the 2015 curriculum. "We will not tolerate anybody using our children as pawns for grandstanding and political games. Make no mistake, if we find somebody failing to do their job, we will act," thundered Ford.
On the climate issue, he's again "keeping to his word" by getting out of Liberals' cap and trade and announcing he will be making a constitutional challenge to the federal plan to impose a carbon tax on provinces that don't have their own carbon pricing system. And it will be interesting to see how he proceeds with the cutting of the minimum wage. He needs to offer something to the small business component of his base, and the freeze in increases is a start (matched by the cuts to proposed increases in welfare rates). But he is probably aware that this is the one measure that could backfire and cause popular discontent given that 40% of PC voters were supportive of the $15 minimum.
The radical revamping of the ward system in Toronto fits into the pattern of governance that Ford's Conservatives have set. Act quickly and decisively; consolidate your base; expose the divisions and weakness in the opposition forces; and radically shift the political terrain toward a more neoliberal and authoritarian form of governance which it will be difficult for the opposition to reverse.
The Public Reaction
The liberal Toronto Star has been predictably opposed to Bill 5, and even devoted a whole front page editorial to the issue and against the autocrat Ford. The Globe and Mail has also been opposed to the legislation, as have many columnists, but with a tone of "let's find ways to cope"; the Toronto Sun stridently playing its role as the Ford Nation "paper of record" and backing the Conservatives moves; and almost all the on-line sites covering Toronto politics adamantly opposed to the cuts in the number of wards.
The July 27th day of the announcement of the Conservative government's intent to remake the Toronto wards, there was an evening protest outside City Hall. It was bigger than the rally at Queens Park opposing the sex-ed curriculum changes, but smaller than the "15 and Fairness" defence of minimum wages and labour standards a week after Ford was elected. It is possible to say that the 500 or so in attendance was a good turn-out, given the short time frame for calling/organizing it (about 6 hours), but the following about the protest is worth noting:
the demographics reflected a mainly an NDP/Liberal, young, white, professional crowd that mirrored the same demographic as the anti-amalgamation movement led by John Sewell in the late 1990s. This will clearly need to shift to oppose Bill 5 and build a viable urban movement.
the politics focused on the attack on democracy, but underplayed the political strategy of Ford playing to Ford Nation and beyond. Of course, the move should be denounced for the manner of its announcement, lack of consultation, and the hypocrisy behind it. Ford is all for savings and efficiencies and dubiously claims that reducing the size of Council would save $25-million. This has been repeatedly shown to ignore extra staff and support costs for councilors as well as city administrative costs. But Ford ignores the central duplication and inefficiencies in local governance in Ontario the two publicly funded school systems that could save $1.5-billion a year if amalgamated into one.
the speeches by current city councilors opposed to the remaking of the wards often failed to escaped from, at times, a self-serving element defending Toronto's local democracy in utterly idealistic ways. To listen to some of them, you'd think Ford had shut down the Council and sent all the councilors to the Ontarian gulag. A case in point is Councilor Joe Mihevc claims that Ford's move was unfair because of all the work that candidates and incumbents had been doing for the past three months now counted for nothing, and likewise for all the work of City staff in redesigning new ward boundaries. This is far too a technical and formal response, as if more consultation (as Mayor John Tory continues to claim) would have resolved the political issues at hand.
On the morning of Monday July 30th, another protest (organized largely through Facebook) was held at Queen's Park. A small group milled around on the grounds outside Queen's Park, and a slightly larger group went inside to listen to Question Period from the public gallery. But this proved how determined and aggressive the Conservatives will be in pursuing their hard right agenda. Doug Ford is a lot more nimble on his feet in answering questions and making his points than most people give him credit for. He and the Municipal Affairs Minister, Steve Clark, had no problem in swatting off Opposition questions. Despite the appeals about attacks on democracy, disenfranchisement, etc., it seems the prospect of popular opposition developing parliamentary sources is remote.
The protest on August 3rd at Queen's Park was led by NDP leader Andrea Horwath with several hundred in attendance (NDP parliamentary caucus and staff, some city councillors and a mixed crowd from there), but it is unclear what path of opposition they will pursue from there now that Bill 5 has passed. The NDP has followed its usual path of responsible opposition with no strategic course of building grassroots campaigns outside the legislature. Indeed, a fundraising appeal to assist "our MPP team" has been the focus – We are building a province-wide movement of people who are ready to stand up to Ford's cuts. Will you be a part of it by chipping-in $3 or more now? Will you help support this urgent work? — without any clear course of action.
The Ontario Federation of Labour has also provided little strategic direction, although they provided minimal support (with the affiliates hardly putting up a show) for the June 16 protest on defending the minimum wage and labour rights. The cuts and swift policy moves have made Ford's austerity agenda clear enough, and some argue that we could see a replay of the 1990s fightbacks against the Conservative governments of Mike Harris. But we are far from the Days of Action stage of actions against the Harris government, and calls for an emergency convention of the OFL to prepare for sectoral and general strikes are remote at this stage given the state of the labour movement (the OFL sometimes seeming to do little more than sending out invitations to email one's MPP about Ford's misdeeds). Both the OFL and the NDP do need to act, and it is necessary to begin mapping out resistance in the educational and healthcare sectors where important struggles are bound to erupt.
On Bill 5 itself, the OFL is locked into strategy as righteous indignation rather than girding themselves for battle with a serious enemy. The Toronto and York Region Labour Council (TYRLC) has been more energized – they had a full discussion at their monthly meeting in early August and the summer issue of their journal, Labour Action , has a front cover titled "The Abuse of Power Begins" with a photo of an anti-Ford demonstration at City Hall that prominently features the placard "Hands off our Democracy." However, even here, one senses that the TYRLC is not clear what strategy to pursue other than to follow the progressive block of Council in legalistic challenges.
Indeed, the large meeting held at the Metropolitan United Church on August 16 co-sponsored by the TYRLC, brought a range of activist groups, the fledgling Progress Toronto electoral alliance (a largely NDP aligned group) and Labour Council behind the legal challenge without any further direction. Such a grouping could easily collapse into a loose electoral alliance of the centre-left for the coming election in the new wards, but it is hard to see what kind of common program could form or what it would amount to given the rather tepid anti-austerity opposition that the current progressive wing of Council has mounted to date.
The October 22 Toronto Elections and the Left
In thinking about the impact of the Ford attack on Toronto's local democracy, of a senior government on a lower level government under its constitutional authority – it is helpful to initially make two points of political comparison to the dilemmas the Left in Toronto faces.
Ford's move against Toronto has often been compared in the last months to British Prime Minster Margaret Thatcher's attack on the Greater London Council (GLC) in the 1980s. Although an interesting point to make, unfortunately, that comparison doesn't work. It implies a similarity between the GLC under the leadership of "Red Ken" Livingstone introducing collective and participatory reforms and a Toronto Council led by John Tory locked into the policies of neoliberal urbanism. Has Tory done anything like introducing a "Fares Fair" policy for the TTC (the low income pass being an incredibly modest and clumsy effort of the last year)? Such a policy was implemented in 1981 by the GLC with a 25% cut in London transport fares subsidized by higher property taxes. Thatcher wanted not just to take on the GLC, she was after all left-wing municipalities, particularly those using "deficit budgets" to fund council housing (social housing) improvements, the most famous being the Militant led Liverpool City Council. Thatcher was explicit in her intentions with the 1983 Conservative manifesto promising to abolish the GLC as "a wasteful and unnecessary tier of government." But the attack on London local democracy was also an explicit and crucial part of her project of neoliberalizing the British state.
It is interesting, secondly, to compare the Toronto situation to Vancouver (also in the middle of a municipal election campaign). Vancouver has a tradition of municipal political parties while Toronto doesn't, still preferring to fight the battles of a massive urban city as individualized representatives (a horrible strategy of the local Left in Toronto that goes back decades) and progressive fiefdoms and clientalist politics. Vancouver has three independent left candidates campaigning under the Coalition of Progressive Electors (COPE) banner with a real chance of winning one or two council positions. In May 2017, Jean Swanson came in a close second in a council by-election. This October, she is running as part of the COPE slate on an unabashed left wing platform beginning from a critique of the "rich people" dominating Vancouver development and politics. (The full COPE platform can be viewed at www.votecope2018.ca.)
A recent Jean Swanson interview, following her release from jail after having been arrested for protesting the Kinder Morgan pipeline construction, is also illustrative of the political space that COPE is trying to open up: "The success of Sanders, Corbyn and Sawant [shows] that things are changing after years of austerity. We can make electoral gains by campaigning for social and environmental justice… Socialist Alternative's Seattle councillor Kshama Sawant is an awesome model. She's given us good advice including don't negotiate for what is possible, go for what is needed. I agree with her approach of working with movements to win the election and then using the council to work with movements to win."
Swanson goes on to elaborate an alternate urban politics:
"My priority will be improvements for the people most in need. So end homelessness, then build social housing and a rent freeze for low and moderate income renters. People who are poor have a shorter life expectancy. A more equal society is life-saving. Winning these won't be easy, but by working with groups across the city we can put pressure on the province to deliver.
"I'd continue to be part of social and environmental justice movements. I'd use the council office to boost the power of these movements by providing voice, space, staff expertise, and support with education and action. I'd really push to make the city a place for everyone who lives here, especially lower income folks, regardless of what level of government is technically responsible."
In Toronto, there is a large political space now opened up by the fight over the restructuring of the wards system for the Left to consider. It is not too late for an independent Left run (if not for mayor, in a few targeted wards, with even a wider slate to consider pushing). The new deadline for submitting one's name as a candidate is September 14. It is quite possible to argue that Ford's move favours the idea of an independent socialist campaign. And this in full knowledge that the NDP/Liberal left will probably be calling for a vote for centrist Jenifer Keesmaat as the best way to defeat Tory and that at ward level, they will be doing the math and putting all their eggs in the one basket for the "progressive" candidate they see as the most electable (although a few other candidates may merit some support as well).
However, between now and e-day on October 22, the political atmosphere is likely to become sharper and more polarized, an ideal time for activists to be talking and offering an alternative – on the doorstep and at all candidates' meetings. People will be discussing politics – not just the city issues but every pie that Ford has a finger in: welfare, transit, climate, hydro etc. It will be easier to talk to people at the doors and in meetings in this more charged atmosphere rather than sitting things out and commenting from afar. The reduced number of 25 seats narrows things down and, in some ways, makes it simpler for the left. Of course, the practical problems still remain. (See the Bullet November 2015 and January 2018.)
Right now, this would mean coming to agreement on a basic platform around housing (rent control, building more social housing, contesting speculative ownership), for expanded and affordable public transit, taxing the rich, and a radical expansion of urban public health resources. From that, hopefully new candidates would put themselves forward to run in the ridings where they live or we find candidates who have already declared and are willing to accept the aforementioned platform. Maybe a slate of candidates will emerge. Canvassing squads would then be organized to take this agenda across as many wards as possible, in addition to intense targeting of a few key wards, we would need to develop a strategy to push union locals to take up these demands and this could link back to local democracy, not necessarily calling for a return to a 44/47 member council but perhaps a model of elected councillors and neighbourhood councils as in the Los Angeles example.
Beyond Politics as Usual
Ford and his Conservative government are clearly dangerous and represent a real threat to the working class, immigrants, women and youth in Ontario. He has yet to play his full hand. So, here's a caution for the Left: step back and take in a panoramic view of the forest and less of the trees. The cut to the size of the Toronto council is an important battle but not the hill to die on. A case in point is the continued mobilization of the far right (given further oxygen by the Ford election victory), and counter-protests against the racist right should be a high priority for all the Left, particularly as the far right politics being fueled by Trump in the U.S. and gaining ground in Europe continue to build. But, there are other more crucial areas of struggle that need to continue to gain in organizational capacity – the "Fight for $15 and Fairness" is one of the most important organizing groups in the city and is still doing tabling, door knocking and lobbying in Toronto and across Ontario, and one could cite similar activist work to contest healthcare cuts, or push for public transit, or fighting poverty.
In Toronto, the normal rule of thumb is that the municipal election campaign doesn't really begin until after Labour Day. Thanks to Ford's intervention, that has changed dramatically. The interest among activists and to a lesser extent among ordinary voters is much more evident than usual for this time of year. It will be a shame if the socialist left confine themselves, over the next three months, to playing "politics as usual." •
Tim Heffernan is a member of Socialist Alternative, Canada. He is a retired teacher and former Executive Officer of the Toronto local of the Ontario Secondary School Teachers' Federation.
Greg Albo teaches political economy at York University, Toronto. Recent publications include: Divided Province: Ontario Politics in the Age of Neoliberalism (2018; with Bryan Evans); A World Turned Upside Down? Socialist Register 2019 (with Leo Panitch); and Class, Party, Revolution (2018; with Leo Panitch and Alan Zuege).
ElectionsLaw
Canada, Economy • February 25, 2019
Trudeau and SNC-Lavalin: Of Hosts and Parasites
Harry Glasbeek
Canada, Economy • November 18, 2018
Capitalism: A Crime Story – Harry Glasbeek Book Launch
Canada • September 18, 2018
Authoritarian Fordism in Ontario Trumps the Far Right Elsewhere
Demeaning Democracy: Turning Doug Ford's Attack on Toronto into a Movement for Democratic Renewal
Dennis Pilon, Roger Keil, Bryan Evans and Greg Albo

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Did you ever think about landscaping your yard to minimize your carbon footprint? Maybe you'll choose plantings that allow you to get rid of your lawnmower. Perhaps you can do without fertilizer. This article from the National Wildlife Federation gives you 6 options to modify your yard. In addition to the tips given in the article, you need to be aware of regulations provided by your local government.
Find out where the public right of way is in your yard and what landscaping is allowed in that public right of way. In the Town of Brighton, call the Highway Department at 784-5280 to get this information.
Be prepared to learn that the public right of way might extend 20 feet or more into your yard. The extent of the right of way depends on many factors including the width of your street, when your street and utility lines were built, and if your road is straight, curved, or on a corner.
Landscaping regulations within the public right of way are meant to protect the underground utility lines and provide easy access for local government to make repairs.
Some plantings and landscape features may not be allowed in the public right of way at all.
Trees and shrubs that have long roots are often unacceptable in the public right of way because they could cause breakage of utility lines embedded underground. Also, large boulders may be too big for local governments to move if they need to dig to repair underground utility lines.
You may need a permit from your local government for any landscaping in the public right of way.
Most local governments regulate landscaping on private property to ensure good sight distance for drivers and pedestrians when vehicles are moving between private driveways and public roads. Check with your local government (in Brighton, the Highway Department) to see what you need to do to ensure good visibility to keep people safe.
In the Town of Brighton, vegetation within the public right of way and areas critical to good sight distance cannot be any taller than 30 inches. The height limit varies by local government.
3. Does That Tree in your Front Yard Belong to You or to the Local Government?
Many local governments, including the Town of Brighton, have ordinances meant to protect trees.
In the case of the Town of Brighton, most trees within the public right-of-way belong to the Town of Brighton, not to the homeowner. Those trees cannot be cut down by the homeowner.
Trees within the public right-of-way and taller than 30 inches in height must be trimmed so that branches and foliage are removed to a height of six feet above grade so that clear vision is maintained. You should check with your local government regarding responsibilities for maintaining trees within the public right of way.
If you are thinking of planting a tree in the front yard, you should contact your local government. They can determine if the location is within the public right of way, or a critical vision area and if it is allowed.
Don't hesitate to call your local government to ask for their assistance in providing information you need to reduce your carbon footprint.


text:
HealthScience
For F*ck's Sake, Stop Using Vaccine-Injured Children as a Reason Not to Vaccinate
Steph Send an email March 22, 2016
"I've gotten to be pretty familiar with the subject. You know, I have a theory — and it's a theory that some people believe in — and that's the vaccinations. We never had anything like this. This is now an epidemic. It's way, way up over the past 10 years. It's way up over the past two years. And, you know, when you take a little baby that weighs like 12 pounds into a doctor's office and they pump them with many, many simultaneous vaccinations — I'm all for vaccinations, but I think when you add all of these vaccinations together and then two months later the baby is so different then lots of different things have happened. I really — I've known cases." – Donald Trump
Welcome back to Foiling Fallacies – the series where I explore the red herrings and straw men that are brought up to derail debates. These anecdotes represent such rare possibilities or exceptions that simply bringing them up is a logical fallacy and causes science lovers like me to mutter for fuck's sake, like I did when I read the Trump quote above.
Today, I examine the vaccine-injured child (not literally, as I do not have one in my vicinity). It seems like every anti-vaccination advocate or zealot either has or knows a child who was harmed by vaccines or who they believe was harmed by vaccines. Before you jump in with your personal anecdotes, let me assure you that I understand that vaccine injuries occur and can be serious and that for the children and families who are impacted, these injuries are horrible. In fact, one of my closest friends had a severe allergic reaction to a vaccine as a child. However, despite how terrible vaccine injuries are when they actually occur, they are not prevalent enough to make the risk of an injury a reason to not vaccinate your children or to argue against the safety and efficacy of vaccines for the population as a whole.
Because vaccine injuries are rare and the idea of a hurt or sick child is so emotionally charged, bringing them up is not only an anecdote, but often also an appeal to emotion, a red herring, and naturalist fallacy. It's like fallacy soup, peppered with emotional manipulation and served with a side of fear. To make matters worse, celebrities, including Dr. Bob Sears (who should fucking know better), Jenny McCarthy, and Donald Trump, to name a few, chant the chorus: "We just don't know what might happen. Do you really want to take the risk with your child?" [Cue ominous music]
It's normal to be concerned or even alarmed when you hear about an adorable baby transforming from perfect to damaged – especially if you are a new parent or expecting your first child. Baby Chris was perfectly normal until they got their measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. A day, a week, or a month after their shot something seemed wrong. They got a fever, got sick, started having behavioral issues, died, or worst of all, got autism. (This is sarcasm – I don't think that autism is a fate worse than death, and anti-vaccination advocates shouldn't either!)
Child with measles
What these examples don't mention or perhaps what these individuals don't understand is 1.) correlation does not equal causation, 2.) the age when a child receives the MMR vaccine is a time of significant growth and development and a time when the markers and symptoms of autism and other conditions manifest. Although countless studies have shown again and again that there is no link between vaccine and autism (or vaccines and any severe reaction for that matter), the belief persists. And after hearing these stories and anecdotes every time vaccines are discussed, for some parents, it becomes a risk they'd rather not take with their children.
Research examining why people don't vaccinate their kids reveals that many people who don't vaccinate avoid it because they have a lack of confidence – confidence in vaccines, in health care providers, and in the systems that promote vaccination. Anecdotes about vaccine injuries can cause an individual's confidence to waver or if they are already anti-vax, cause a serious case of confirmation bias, and even when there is clear evidence to the contrary, many people still believe (or fear) that there is a link to autism or other risks to vaccination. The public health system can address other barriers to vaccination, like awareness and access. They can provide more information about research and risk to people who are weighing pros and cons, but it's hard, if not impossible, to change the mind of someone who doesn't trust what science says, because they lack confidence vaccines, their doctor, or the government.
And although we are now seeing deaths from vaccine preventable illnesses, the risk of measles or pertussis or hepatitis B seems like a chance you are willing to take, because you believe that the risk of harm from the vaccine is greater, and you don't trust the people (doctors and researchers) and systems (CDC, FDA, Health Department) that present the information that can prove otherwise. And, after all, your special snowflake will not go to day care, public school, or ride public transportation, you'll breastfeed and boost their immune system and cultivate their gut biome by giving them probiotics…. But in reality, none of this will perfectly protect your child, not even close to what vaccines can do (and it will do nothing for the people who can't be vaccinated, you selfish fuck).
There are the extremely sad cases of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) that grieving parents are sure were caused by vaccinations. Heartbreaking, but correlation, not causation. Research evidence shows no connection between childhood vaccines and SIDS other than timing. These examples represent our worst fears as parents, but when you look at the evidence and allow yourself to do a real risk analysis, the thought of deadly childhood diseases coming back should be way scarier.
Then, there are ongoing reports about the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine Gardasil. The vaccine has been blamed for a variety of conditions, including Lyme disease, infertility, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and death. Again, the clinical research prior to and since the vaccine came on the market has been significant and over 80 million doses of the vaccine have been administered in the United States with relatively few reported injuries. All safety research seems to find the same conclusion, the rates of these health conditions do not differ between vaccinated and unvaccinated populations. An analysis of reports of "vaccine-related" deaths made to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) shows no connection between the reported deaths and the vaccine. In fact, several of the deaths reported to the system were due to other causes altogether, including motor vehicle accidents and suicide.
People fail to recognize that the VAERS system is just a reporting system and not a verification system. In fact, an analysis of reports made to the system regarding a variety of vaccines showed that only 3% were found to be definitely causally related to vaccine received, and over 53% of reports were found to be unlikely or unrelated to a vaccine. And while VAERS staff follow-up on all serious adverse event reports to obtain additional medical, laboratory, and/or autopsy records to help understand the concern raised, numbers and conditions in the system do not reflect data collected during the follow-up processes. But the drama of the personal anecdote – the picture of a young woman now in a wheelchair following her Gardasil vaccine – shuts down the science.
And what about the side effects and adverse reactions that can be linked with vaccines? Things like fevers, lethargy, pain at the injection site? Not even close to as scary or damaging as a vaccine-preventable illness. And yes, serious reactions do happen.
Reporting vaccine reactions is important. It's important that the CDC follow-up on even the most rare and unlikely reactions and that safety research be ongoing and improvements be made. Important discoveries have been made about the oral polio and rotavirus vaccines through this type of reporting that have allowed scientists to make vaccines safer. The tricky part is investigating these concerns quickly before trust is lost, because once that happens, years and countless studies won't be enough to trump the anecdotes and fear.
It's difficult to challenge upset parents, especially those who are convinced that vaccines harmed their children. What kind of bitch would do such a thing? I would. Because I think of the thousands, if not millions, of children who would die if it were not for vaccines, and I love science.
So, how do I respond? With empathy, but also with logic and reason:
I'm so sorry that this happened to you, but that is actually quite rare. Millions of children get their vaccinations each year without getting hurt and the consequences of not vaccinating are so grave, not just for your child, but for people who can't receive vaccinations. I would hate for other parents to make decisions about whether or not to vaccinate, based on something rare that happened to one child, when the evidence shows that vaccines are safe, effective, and necessary.
Wow, that's too bad! You should definitely stay on the same page with your health care provider about what vaccines you can and should continue for your child. For other children without a family history of reactions, the medical community and all major health organizations, including the World Health Organization, recommend universal vaccination.
Of course, if this is Donald Trump speaking or someone claiming second- or third-hand knowledge of a vaccine-injured child or citing an Mercola article or David Avocado meme, I advocate calling them out on their bullshit. Stupidity and fear-mongering doesn't deserve empathy. You might even start your comment with, "for fuck's sake,"
Image Credits: NIAID, CDC/NIP/Barbara Rice
anecdotal evidence anti vaccine appeal to emotion Donald Trump fallacies foiling fallacies HPV vaccine Logical Fallacies measles MMR polio red herring refuting red herrings vaccine adverse event reporting system vaccine research vaccine-injured child vaccines vaccines and autism VAERS
Steph is a mom, stepmom, freelance writer, and advocate. When she's not busy writing, chasing kids around, cleaning up messes, and trying to change the world, Steph enjoys snuggling, making pies, politics, reading paranormal fiction, yoga, and fitness. A fully recovered natural parent, Steph now trusts science, evidence, and common sense to lead the way. She has been actively involved in the reproductive and women's rights movements for more than 20 years and is a passionate pro-choice feminist. Her writing can be found on Grounded Parents, Romper, The Cut, and other print and online publications
Science Experiments At Home: A Variation on the Carnation Food Dye Test
Sunday Self Care: Why we Fail
Hanoumatoi says:
My father's side of the family is from Massachusetts, so I get to deal with all this crap, in addition to the racist Obama haters and probable Trump voters. Thanks for the help standing up.
doritreiss says:
It's always a dilemma. As you point out. On one hand, who wants to attack the suffering or grieving parent? On the other hand, who speaks up for the children left unimmunized because of these stories?
I like your approach. I think it's important to separate the suffering from the causation.
Though whatever you do, from my experience the message these parents get is "the other person thinks I'm lying or stupid."
conspiracyexaminer says:
More people and children are injured and killed by big-pharma and vaccines than by guns every year. I guess that means #NotOneMore only pertains to guns and nothing else.
Citation needed.
Yeah, it's confusing enough because, childhood mortality isn't that common in the developed world. Largely because of adequate medical care. And violent crime isn't as common as people would think; it reached its peak in 1991, and the decline is usually correlated with "This is when the kids who were born after the phaseout of (C2H5)4Pb started, reached 18."
School massacres have (thankfully) been too rare for me to make any statistical correlations. Wikipedia lists 51, the first being Heinz Schmidt in 1913. So, for data going back just over a century, there have only been 51.
are you sure you want to go down the rabbit hole?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I653Hv4lRFo
there are many scientific studies linking the neurotoxic vaccine adjuvants to autism, there are awoken doctors and scientist coming forward to the issues with vaccination, a study between vaccinated and unvaccinated kids has never been conducted because it was deemed unethical by the WHO and the CDC until now: https://info.cmsri.org/the-driven-researcher-blog/vaccinated-vs.-unvaccinated-guess-who-is-sicker
and if that wasn't enough, even our own CDC whom is supposed to protect our children, found a link between vaccines and autims and the CDC decided to manipulate data and submit a fraudulent study to the american pediatric association according to a top scientist at the CDC that decided to blow the whistle:
Even if we were to concede your premise, you would be missing a key follow up piece of information: The number of people we would expect to be killed by diseases we vaccinate for each year.
Yeah, we can talk about guns some other time. I don't know what's worse, the people who claim Sandy Hook didn't happen, or the people who claim Lanza learned how to use an AR-15 playing Call of Duty.
More on-topic, you're right, the real question is how many people would succumb to the measles, or the flu (which has historically been a real killer, see Spanish flu for a particularly egregious epidemic), or whooping cough, or whatever else might be brought back without vaccines.
silencingthebell says:
Please don't call people 'selfish fuck', it does not help your argument.
People who refuse to vaccinate themselves and their children put those who can't be vaccinated at risk, while at the same time benefit from the broader community being vaxed. They are by definition selfish fucks and I don't care if you disapprove.
how exactly is a child that has no disease going to affect another child that is allegedly vaccinated therefore protected by that vaccine? that logic is completely stupid and is sheer madness! The reality is that some vaccines shed the virus therefore spreading the disease, look it up!!! is the age of information, all of this info is at your fingertips
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/vpd/should-not-vacc.html
the stupidity of people completely brainwashed by big pharma and paid mainstream media
Your concern is noted.
By Steph
How To Get Fired From Your Quarantine Home Schooling Job In 10 Easy Steps
Snapshots Of An Academic Unicorn: Balancing Motherhood And Tenure In A Man's World
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The First 12 Days of Parenthood


Just a quick post. I've had this on for 4 days, and while I've actually posted most of this before, the pants and the top are new, so I can at least send you for that new. AND!!! I'm SUPER excited, because I have my face back! Pink Fuel finally released her Maitreya body appliers, so I can wear my face ❤ I missed me so much!
I've been wandering today…really the last couple days. Because that's what I do. I wander, and spend all my money, haha. But its fun! And there's so many events that have just opened up. A new round of Arcade that is still packed and hard to get into, but I made it, kinda, to the off sim area! And Whore Couture is just…rawr ❤ And this tat makes me happy. All his tats make me happy, really…and I say this as someone that hasn't gotten excited about tats and haven't worn them on my pixels in years! Fantastic! K, I'm stopping…here's the post!


We've recently made some changes to our policies around issues and pull requests that we're happy to share with you.
From the beginning of the project, ESLint has always required issues for every pull request containing code. There were a number of reasons for that, mostly related to how we were triaging and handling incoming requests as well as the limitations the GitHub issue tracker imposed on us. Since that time, there have been a lot of improvements to the GitHub issue and pull request trackers, and as such, we've been able to make some changes.
We've lifted the restriction that all pull requests require issues. For almost all types of changes, you can now submit pull requests directly without an issue. We've added a pull request template, and as long as you fill out the required information in that template, you can feel free to submit pull requests without opening issues first.
Any changes to the core.
Breaking and core changes have a high potential to affect end-users, and so we still want to understand that impact before people spend time writing code.
One of the things we've heard from contributors is that it's frustrating when an issue gets stuck without resolution. We've tried, from the start, to give feedback as quickly as possible to issues and pull requests. However, as ESLint has grown, the number of issues and pull requests has grown quite large and has made it hard for the team to handle.
Different teams in the open source community handle this problem differently. Some teams choose to never close issues and just leave all of them open indefinitely in case someone wants to fix them. Some teams use bots to automatically close issues that are older than a set amount of time. The ESLint team wasn't too happy with these choices, so we arrived on a more manual process that is a mixture of the two.
An accepted issue may be closed after 90 days if no one has agreed to implement it.
While we wish we could commit to implementing every good idea for ESLint, the reality is that many requests will not end up on the formal roadmap. The ESLint team is a team of volunteers working in their spare time, and as such, the amount of time available for work is small. We feel that closing issues and giving a clear indication that the requested change will not be made is a more honest approach than leaving issues open forever just in case someone decides they'd like to contribute a change. In our experience, issues that are open for 90 days or more are rarely ever addressed and just serve to confuse everyone about their status.
Note: If you're passionate about a change, consider submitting a pull request instead of an issue. A lot of times, we just don't have the extra bandwidth to accommodate significant requests, but we can guide others through the changes. Submitting a pull request increases the chances that your change will land (though it does not guarantee it).
As always, we'll continue to evaluate our issue and pull request policies based on feedback from the ESLint team and the community as a whole. We hope these new changes will help the ESLint community continue to grow by streamlining the process for accepting contributions.


Buti, Bruno. Rumbling Wine Barrels. Inscribed by the author. (Prohibition novel). Photo available. Cloverdale. Buti Pub. 1994. 355 pps. Octavo. Hardcover. First edition. Inscribed by the author "9/14/96 To: John 'Hail to Bacchus and Eros!' The Romang Gods of Wine and Love - Salute ! Bruno Buti Nel vino c's la vesita". Fine copy in fine dust jacket (in mylar).
Butler, Anne & Darrell Chitty. The Spirit of St. Francisville. Paradise in the Felicianas. Photo available. np. Self published. 2007. 112 pps. 4to. Hardcover. First edition. Illustrated in black, white and color. Important reference work. Fine copy in fine dust jacket (in mylar).
Butler, David F. United States Firearms. The First Century. 1776-1875. Photo available. New York. Winchester Press. 1971. 260 pps. 4to. Hardcover. First edition. Illustrated. Important reference work. Fine copy.
Butler, Phyllis. The Valley of Santa Clara. Historic Buildings, 1792-1920. Photo available. San Jose. Junior League of San Jose. 1975. 192 pps. Octavo. Hardcover. Stated first edition. Illustrated. Important reference work. Fine copy in near fine (light sunning) dust jacket (in mylar).
Butler, Raymond Reagan. Is Paris Lost. The English Occupation. 1422-1436. Photo available. Staplehurst. Spellmount. 2003. Octavo. Hard cover. First edition. Fine copy in fine dust jacket (in mylar).
Butler, Susan. East to the Dawn. The Life of Amelia Earhart. Photo available. Cambridge. Da Capo. 1997. Octavo. Soft cover. Reprint. Illustrated. Near fine copy (very light shelf wear).
Butler, William. Chariots of Iron. 50 Years of American Armor. Photo available. Louisville. Harmony House. Patton Museum Development Fund. nd. 160 pps. 4to. Hardcover. First edition. Illustrated in black, white and color. Important reference work. Fine copy in fine dust jacket (in mylar).
Butruille, Susan. Women's Voices from the Mother Lode. Tales from the California Gold Rush. Photo available. Boise. Tamarack. 1998. Octavo. Soft cover. First edition. Illustrated. Important reference work. Fine copy.
Butruille, Susan. Women's Voices from the Oregon Trail. Photo available. Boise. Tamarack. 1993. Octavo. Soft cover. Reprint. Illustrated. Important reference work. Fine copy.
Butruille, Susan. Women's Voices from the Western Frontier. Photo available. Boise. Tamarack. 1995. Octavo. Soft cover. Reprint. Illustrated. Fine copy.
By the Author of "Miss Toosey's Mission". Laddie. Photo available. Philadelphia. Henry Altemus Company. 1903. 130 pps. Octavo. Decorated hard cover. First edition. Illustrated. Fine copy.
Byard, Kyle. McClellan Air Force Base. Images of America. Photo available. Charleston. Arcadia. 2007. Octavo. Soft cover. First edition. Illustrated. Important reference work. Fine copy.
Byard, Kyle. McClellan Air Force Base. Images of America. Photo available. Charleston. Arcadia Pub. 2007. Octavo. Soft cover. First edition. Illustrated. Important reference work. Fine copy.
Byers, C. Randall (ed). Boone and Crockett Club's 23rd Big Game Awards. 1995-1997. A Book of the Boone and Crockett Club... Photo available. Missoula. Boone and Crockett Club. 1998. 566 pps. 4to. Hardcover. First edition. Illustrated. Important reference work. Fine copy in fine dust jacket (in mylar).


text:
Nursing Papers for Sale
Medical Essay Writing
Assignment Help (AU)
The Pedagogy in Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises Student: Emilia – Claudia Popa Group: Romanian – English Year: II; 2nd semesterProfessor: Dr. Ovidiu Matiu British LiteratureErnest Hemingway (1899 – 1961) was one of the most representative American novelists and short-story writers of the 20th century who awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954. Besides being a writer, Hemingway was a journalist and a war reporter. After he graduated from high-school, he tried hard to enroll in World War I, but was rejected because of his defective eye. Finally, he was accepted as an ambulance driver for the American Red Cross, but, at 19 years old, he was injured and hospitalized in Milan. Here he fell in love with a nurse who refused to marry him, this fact being thought to be the starting point for his first novel, The Sun Also Rises (1926). He is also known for his works: A Farewell to Arms (1929), For Whom the Bell Tolls (1940), and The Old Man and the Sea (1952), his Pulitzer Prize-winning novel. Hemingway approached in his novels subject matters such as the war and the existential quest full of purposelessness and meaninglessness of the Lost Generation.Hemingway's novel I want to discuss in this essay is The Sun Also Rises (1926) – Fiesta in England –, his first novel and a depiction of the Lost Generation, "a novel that captures the attitudes of a hard-drinking, fast-living set of disillusioned young expatriates in postwar Paris". This fact is emphasized even by Hemingway choosing as epigraph Gertrude Stein's words: "You are all a lost generation". This epigraph is a part from Stein's conversations with Hemingway where she had told him that "All of you young people who served in the war. You are a lost generation. […] You have no respect for anything. You drink yourselves to death". These words are referring to those who survived the World War I and left the United States, losing their faith in leaders, in patriotism, in religion, in human progress generally. This postwar world described by Hemingway is one full of despair, of hopelessness, of promiscuity, and of aimless wandering. Such a generation is the one portrayed by Hemingway in The Sun Also Rises. The novel "captures a war-shaken culture losing itself in drink and drama, and eschewing all but the occasionally comforting illusion of meaningful experience". It also tells the story of a group of friends, American expatriates, who travel from France to Spain in order to give their life a meaning, the main characters – Jake Barnes and Lady Brett Ashley – being the perfect images of this generation: "Jake is lost because of his wound, which has left him not only physically emasculated, but also mentally. Brett has lost hope in the future due to her personal losses, and cannot commit to anybody – or anything at all. Cohn has not participated in the war like the others, but is confused by being caught between old and new values". But, as Jakes Barnes, the narrator, says, not even this thing can help them heal their physical and emotional wounds got during the war: "Listen, Robert, going to another country doesn't make any difference. I've tried all that. You can't get away from yourself by moving from one place to another."(6) Even if at the first reading the novel seems to be just the story of some people which have no purpose in life, are wasting their existence traveling from place to place just for fun, being drunk all the time, and cannot show loyalty to a lover, switching partners with every occasion, or a story about the unfulfilled love between Jake and Brett, it has a deeper meaning if you know how to take it. It is a novel that contains a real life lesson, even if it is hidden beneath the mere appearance of a text consisting of poor literary devices. These masques under which the complex and also pedagogical meaning is hidden are, on one hand, Robert Cohn's college life, and, on the other hand, the journey to Pamplona, Spain, where the characters are going to watch the bullfights. Even Hemingway's relationship to Spain is centered on bullfighting. "For Hemingway, bullfighting was not mere entertainment. It was an opportunity to witness the drama and violence of life distilled into a ceremonial art form […]The bullrings were the only place he could see this kind of violent death, 'now that the wars were over' and so he needed to go to Spain to 'study it'. He became a real aficionado, a 'lover of the bullfight', someone who saw not only tragedy and horror in them, but also beauty and art".Taking into consideration these aspects, there were many critics which did not stop at analyzing only the obvious issues related to the concept of 'the Lost Generation', and went further, managing to find a new interpretation for the novel. Such a critic is Terrance Doody, who calls The Sun Also Rises "a novel of education". The fact that the novel is concerned with education, that contains a philosophy about teaching and learning, may be understood even in the first pages when Jake Barnes talks about his friend, Robert Cohn. We are told that Cohn did not like boxing but he "learned it painfully and thoroughly to counteract the feeling of inferiority and shyness he had felt on being treated as a Jew at Princeton"(3). In this case, the rough 'teacher' is pain, because the pain brought about by fear, humiliation, alienation, and the feeling of inferiority, and also by the harsh nature of boxing, taught Robert that he could face up life even if he is overcome by struggles. But, discussing the educational level of the novel, we should not stop at the case of Robert Cohn, because the importance of teaching and learning goes beyond the boxing ring.Another critic that asserts that The Sun Also Rises is a pedagogical novel is Donald Daiker, who states that teaching and learning are central keys to the philosophy Jake's life is guided upon. This thing may be seen even in Jake's words: "―Perhaps as you went along you did learn something. I did not care what it was all about. All I wanted to know was how to live in it. Maybe if you found out how to live in it you learned from that what it was all about"(78), he being the image of a life full of learning. Even if Jake's philosophy is a very deep one, it could be quite hard to think of him as a model, as a potential teacher because of his disoriented life, and also because of the way he perceive learning – "one of the major sources of enjoyment in life". So, in his view, education is related with enjoying life and with the principle of action – effect/consequence: "You paid some way for everything that was any good. I paid my way into enough things that I liked, so that I had a good time. Either you paid by learning about them, or by experience, or by taking chances, or by money. Enjoying living was learning to get your money's worth and knowing when you had it"(78). The main source of pleasure, of enjoying life, and as well of learning for Jake is bullfighting, saying that "nobody ever lives their life all the way up except bull-fighters"(6), a sport which he has also learned about "painfully and thoroughly", exemplifying this way the very important role that bullfighting plays in the novel. For Jake, this sport is a way of escaping the harshness of real life and a symbol of the search for his lost manliness. Bullfighting is the central theme of the novel which can be interpreted either strictly referring to the bullfights in Spain, or as a symbol of the conflict between the characters. Bullfighting may be also considered as an allegory to Jake's life, especially to his emotional life, because what happens in the bullring is equivalent to what Jake has to face in everyday life. "In other words, the ritual of the fight is a carefully controlled performance in which all participants – aficionados, bullfighter, and bull – collectively enact a fiction of man triumph over real animal danger and symbolic human death". As Jonathan Rowe also states, the bullfighting "is not only portrayed as a sport, but rather as a complex, mathematical art in the form of a dance between the bull and fighter. The matador scene in chapter 18 is perhaps one of the richest in the novel due to its use of symbols. The choreography between Romero and the bull is reflective of the characterization of Brett and Jake" During the journey to Pamplona, Jake is trying to teach Brett all about bullfighting, especially its importance and significance: "I sat beside Brett and explained to Brett what it was all about"(87). Despite all of his endeavors, the only one who learns something from this thing is Jake himself. All that Lady Brett manages to see is the difference between bullfighting as a "spectacle" and bullfighting as a form of ritual: "more something that was going on with a definite end, and less of a spectacle with unexplained horrors"(87).Lady Brett Ashley does not reach the deep meaning of Jake's lessons, because she is more interested in the bullfighter than in bullfighting, ending to leave the city with Romero. If Brett is interested in him due to his appearance, to his sexuality, he being a handsome young man, a real symbol of masculinity, what catches Jake's interest is actually his performance, his role in the bullring. So, especially in the final Madrid scene, Jake "is beginning to internalize his own teaching, to apply to his own life what he has tried but failed to teach Lady Brett", a lesson concerning the "maximum exposure", a technique used by the bullfighters to get closer to the bull in order to dominate the animal, and, finally, to kill it: "All the bull-fighters had been developing a technique that simulated this appearance of danger in order to give a fake emotional feeling, while the bullfighter was really safe. Romero had the old thing, the holding of his purity of line through the maximum of exposure, while he dominated the bull by making him realize he was unattainable, while he prepared him for the killing"(88). But, unlike Romero who fights the bull, the force Jake has to face is Brett. His moment of maximum exposure takes place when he is alone with Brett – "like the bulls she becomes most dangerous when detached from the herd". This danger Brett represents when she is alone with Jake has its cause in his physical wound – he was emasculated in war – fact stated by Martin Lipkin: "Because of Jake's inability to be physically intimate, he has developed a fear of intimacy and has taken an observer role in life". So, in this Madrid scene Jake agrees to meet Lady Brett at her hotel room when she asks so, leaving "the terrain of the bullfighter" to move to "the terrain of the bull". Or, in other words, as literary critics affirm: "Characters, therefore, most move through it as if through enemy-territory, learning how to live while trying to stay alive. To survive they need all the cunning and expertise they can muster. They must be sure that they know at all times exactly where they are, both geographically and in relation to others. They must also learn exactly how to behave so as to minimize the risk of becoming vulnerable to error and the dangerous consequences of losing self-control".In this bedroom scene, different to the first one where Jake felt himself a mess when Brett refused his proposal to live together, Jake, like Romero, is the one who takes control. Such as all of Romero's moves are "so slow and so controlled", the type of control that Jake exerts is a more subtle one, manifested through his sense of humor and irony, traits that symbolize his emotional detachment. When Brett asserts that Romero proposed to marry her and she was the one who rejected him, Jake's response is full of irony: "Maybe he thought that would make him Lord Ashley"(127). Another scene that also suggests that Barnes makes use of the lessons of life implicit in Romero's bullfighting, lessons he has learned from his endeavors to teach them to Brett, is the taxi scene, the last scene of the novel. What it's happening in the bullring are accurately parallels of what happens in the taxi. He becomes "the metaphorical bullfighter" and so takes his disruptive relationship with Lady Brett to an end. So, leaving the hotel, Jake is the one who chooses where they will go, by contrast to the Paris ride where Brett was asked "Where should I tell him to drive?"(13), sign that now Jake takes control over Brett. The last reply of Brett "we could have had such a damned good time together" (129) is equivalent to the final confrontation in the bullring. Knowing that Jake loves her, she does not expect him to act so numb and indifferent, but expects him to share her yearning. He does not even look at her as before, another sign of emotional distance. Rather, he looks straight ahead to see "a mounted policeman in khaki directing traffic" (129). This scene of a policeman with a raised baton is the perfect image of Jake's full control over the situation, making him completely resemble Romero. Such as Romero is alone with the bull in the arena, being totally exposed, so is Jake when he is alone with his bull – Lady Brett. The raised baton of the policeman suggests, on one hand Jake's authority and power, and on the other hand refers to the bullfighter's sword, killing the bull. "Significantly, the last words in the novel are Jake's". Hence, according to the facts I stated above, I may say that the pedagogy of the novel is based on two principles: pain is the teaching emotion and he who teaches learns. And, after all the experiences he has been through, "Jake the teacher has evolved fully into Jake the learner".Primary source:Hemingway, Ernest, The Sun Also Rises.Bibliography:Daiker, Donald A., The Pedagogy of The Sun Also Rises in Bloom's Modern Critical Interpretations: The Sun Also Rises—New Edition; Published by: Infobase Publishing, New York, 2011.Foca, Anna, The Sun Also Rises. Published by Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. On May 07, 2018. Found at: https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Sun-Also-Rises. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:291499/FULLTEXT01.pdf.Lipkin, Martin, Survival Strategies in The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway. Found at:Martin Linda Wagner, Scott Donaldson, Michael Shane Reynolds, Wendy Martin, Arnold E. Davidson, Cathy N. Davidson, John W. Aldridge, New Essays on The Sun Also Rises, Cambridge University Press, June 26, 1987.Rowe, Jonathan, No Bull in Bullfighting. Published on: March 28, 2010. Found at: https://www.cram.com/essay/Bullfighting-In-The-Sun-Also-Rises/F3L4UD35J.The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, Lost Generation. Published by Encyclopædia Britannica, inc. On March 06, 2019 . Found at: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Lost-Generation. The Shakespeare Theatre Company Education Department, The First Folio Curriculum Guide. Found at: https://www.shakespearetheatre.org/_pdf/first_folio/folio-The-Select.pdf.
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Cheers for the reblog. Mr Gorman. I'm currently finishing off the thirty day photographic challenge I set myself last month (5 more days, 5 more subjects, 5 more posts) but i'll be back with my humble little scribbles after that's finished – anything you would like to see drop me a line at the inkwell….


Abundant sunshine. High 98F. Winds SW at 5 to 10 mph..
With a new round of legal attacks on the South Mountain Freeway slated to begin Thursday, crews have begun making major excavation on the thoroughfare's western end.
"A 300-foot-long cut along the embankments of Interstate 10 near 55th Avenue is the first sign of construction in the West Valley for the Loop 202 South Mountain Freeway," the Arizona Department of Transportation announced in a release last week.
Meanwhile, briefs by the Ahwatukee-base Protect Arizona's Resources and Children and the Gila River Indian Community are supposed to be filed on Thursday in San Francisco as freeway opponents begin the lengthy process of appealing U.S. District Judge Diane Humetewa's refusal to stop the project.
And the Gila Community on Friday filed its own request for an injunction that would halt construction work until the appeal is resolved.
The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth District set Thursday as the first of several deadlines for parties on both sides to file their briefs. Briefs by ADOT and attorneys for the Federal Highway Administration won't be due until mid-February.
The 9th Circuit earlier this month denied PARC's request that construction be halted until it has ruled on their appeal.
Opponents argued that by the time the appellate court rules—possibly not before summer at the earliest—construction would cause "irreparable harm" to some of the things they're trying to stop.
Among them is a cut through South Mountain, which Native Americans on the Gila Community consider sacred. ADOT said construction on that part of the 22-mile freeway is not expected to begin until sometime in 2018.
In its injunction request last Friday, the Gila Community focused strongly on the freeway construction's impact on South Mountain and urged the panel to brush aside ADOT's contention that any delay could cost tens of millions of dollars in extra costs for the project.
"The public interest favors protecting the Community's traditional cultural resources, and the natural resources that belong to all of the region's residents, from destruction that ultimately may prove unnecessary, rather than rushing to spend hundreds of millions of dollars with little known short-term benefit," attorney Jeffrey Molinar said in a brief.
"To the extent that Agencies can prove any potential harm, the permanent damage that will be done to the Community when the freeway construction destroys portions of the sacred Mountain far outweighs any such injury," he added.
Both the Gila Community and PARC claim that ADOT and the FHA performed faulty environmental studies that understated the health risks to residents as well as children attending 17 schools within a half mile of the freeway on the Ahwatukee end.
The $1.77-billion freeway is the most expensive highway project in Arizona history.
It will connect West Phoenix with the Chandler interchange, providing a detour for I-10 motorists around the heavily congested Downtown Phoenix right-of-way.
ADOT has contended the freeway will not only create a huge economic stimulus for areas along its path, but will also save motorists time and relieve air pollution in the vicinity of the Broadway Curve.
Opponents have questioned planners' claims of an economic boon, and contend that their housing projections were based on outdated data.
The cut along the freeway's western end was necessitated by the relocation of eight huge siphons that the Salt River Project will use to divert water beneath the I-10.
Now that the excavation has been completed, crews are placing a 42-inch concrete pipe inside a 60-inch steel casing underneath the South Mountain Freeway path.
Crews also will be improving the interchange and widening I-10 from 43rd to 75th avenues and adding two-mile-long access roads to improve traffic flow. The new access roads will be two lanes in each direction, providing potential relief to a consistently congested stretch of I-10.
For now, I-10 motorists in the West Valley are contending with lane restrictions in both directions while the siphon relocation continues, likely into early next year, ADOT said in its release.
The South Mountain Freeway is scheduled to open in late 2019 and has been on the drawing board for more than 30 years.
Some pre-construction work has been underway on the Ahwatukee end of the freeway's path since September, when crews started relocating scores of cactus and other desert vegetation to a makeshift nursery on the edge of the Foothills Reserve HOA.
That work has included extending the Loop 202 Santan Freeway HOV lanes and widening the shoulders of Pecos Road near 48th Street.
That area also will undergo significant utility line relocation work, although it is not known when it will begin.


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text:
Prashant Kaushik MB BS, MNAMS, FACP, FACR, Rh MSUS., Northeastern Health System (NHS).,Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences
Adrita Ashraf MB, B.S., TMG/OMECO at Northeastern Health System
Creticus P. Marak MB, B.S.,Northeastern Health System, Tahlequah, OK
Jana Baker, D.O, FACOI., Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences
Corresponding Author: Prashant Kaushik MB, BS
Funding: None
The authors do not have any conflict of interest
Key words: Virtual interviews, Telerheumatology, Cherokee Nation, COVID-19
It is known that 2% of the American population, an estimated 6.9 million individuals, selfidentify as American Indian and Alaska Native1. While it is also clear that early access to a rheumatologist is imperative to achieve appropriate outcomes in rheumatologic diseases, a significant gap and disparity exists in the access to rheumatology care between urban and rural areas. A current sizable rheumatology workforce shortage exists and is projected to worsen significantly, thereby posing a significant challenge2. In early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had significantly shifted healthcare to remote delivery methods to protect patients, clinicians, and hospital staff. This global condition also impacted rheumatology services.
In the pre-COVID months, the use of Telerheumatology for virtual visits increased access to Rheumatology care in rural America with good patient and provider satisfaction results3. In relation to the pandemic, Telerheumatology has played a key role in the management of patients with chronic rheumatic diseases, particularly for those with comorbidities, and/or on immunosuppressive therapy. Additionally, it has been contributive to maintaining social distance and 'flattening the pandemic curve'4.
Telerheumatology came to Tahlequah, Oklahoma, the capital of Cherokee Nation (CN), at the Northeastern Health System (NHS) in the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Division of Rheumatology was initiated at the NHS in January 2021, and has been providing full-time Rheumatology services since then to a large catchment area.
The clinical experience over the recent 11 months has already brought some revelations. A strikingly high prevalence and a vast spectrum of systemic inflammatory immune-mediated rheumatic diseases exists in the rural population served, including palindromic rheumatism, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and other connective tissue diseases, psoriatic arthritis, axial and peripheral spondyloarthritides, polymyalgia rheumatica, vasculitides, microcrystalline arthritides, etc.
A mixed model offering both face-to-face and virtual Rheumatology visits was offered to the patient population. This has been shown to be the optimal combination, as it can overcome the barriers to accessing care posed by distance, while also mitigating the limitations of virtual consultation5. Procedures like arthrocentesis, and injection of/for various joints, carpal tunnel, bursitis, de Quervain's and flexor tenosynovitis, etc. are being scheduled as in-person follow up visits electively. The two-week Telerheumatology service combined with the two-week inperson Rheumatology service has had a major positive impact on the Rheumatology care of the patients of this rural community. Initial visits/new patients are being served in a very reasonable timeframe as are the follow-ups. All necessary musculoskeletal procedures are being done with Ultrasound-guided point of care technique and the necessary infusions are being performed on a very regular basis at our Infusion Center. It is very comforting to see that the patients and the referring providers are very grateful for and appreciative of the service, supporting the previous observation that Telerheumatology visits are non-inferior to in-person visits and are more time and cost effective.5
In agreement with the previous revelation in North American/Manitoba Native American population including Cree, Ojibway, and Metis, with smaller populations of Dakota, Dene, Sioux, and Chipewyan6, the morphology of RA in the CN population is different. An explosive, polyarticular onset is quite common clinically with a marked preponderance of strong seropositivity for rheumatoid factor, cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody and 14.3.3 ETA conferring a potentially severe nature to the disease and a need for early biologic therapy.
The first population-based lupus registry in the Unites States American Indian and Alaska Native population demonstrated high rates of incidence and prevalence7. Although this study included the data from Oklahoma City area via Indian Health System, this case study addresses the Cherokee Nation population. It has also been observed that the American Indian patients with SLE have autoantibody profiles different from European American and African American patients with SLE along with poorer disease outcomes8. SLE is widely prevalent in the CN population with protean clinical manifestations.
A significantly high prevalence of systemic sclerosis with pulmonary involvement, including nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis and pulmonary artery hypertension has also been observed in the CN patients. There has been a paucity of previous information on this disease in this unique population/setting and more information can be provided with further observation.
In addition to the initiation of patient-care in-person and via Telemedicine, formal Rheumatology training of the Oklahoma State University (OSU) residents from our own NHS Internal Medicine residency program as well as the CN Family Medicine residency program was initiated. Concomitantly, the medical students from the OSU College of Osteopathic Medicine at the CN, the country's first tribally affiliated medical school, have started rotating within the Rheumatology Division. A diagnostic and interventional musculoskeletal point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) has been keenly incorporated into both, teaching and clinical service. This has led to an increased interest in Rheumatology as a discipline.
Despite having some limitations that can be resolved with ongoing refinement, Telemedicine can become a "virtual" game changer for academic programs including Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, 10. Outcome measures in future larger studies can quantify improved timely access and improved educational opportunities for residents & medical students.
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a transformation in health infrastructures and medical education/recruitment. This article emphasizes and reinforces the concept that rheumatology consultation via Telemedicine is non-inferior to in-person clinic visits and very helpful in diagnosing rheumatologic diseases early and managing them adequately especially during the time of a pandemic. Although not a novel idea, it is an intriguing and worthwhile observation in a unique setting and continues to maintain as well as expand patient-access to rheumatologic services in a rural setting.
The successful use of Telemedicine for managing Rheumatology patients supports greater exploration of this digital tool for a decentralized approach toward seamless patient care11.
Acknowledgment: Our immense gratitude to Cherokee Nation Health Services for the kind continuing support.
1. Sequist TD. Improving the Health of the American Indian and Alaska Native Population. JAMA. 2021; 325(11):1035–1036.
2. Lennep DS, Crout T, Majithia V. Rural health issues in rheumatology: a review. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2020 Mar; 32(2):119-125. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000694. PMID: 31913162.
3. Kulcsar Z, Albert D, Ercolano E, Mecchella JN. Telerheumatology: A technology appropriate for virtually all. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2016 Dec; 46(3):380-385. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2016.05.013. Epub 2016 Jun 3. PMID: 27395561.
4. Costa L, Tasso M, Scotti N, Mostacciuolo E, et al. Telerheumatology in COVID-19 era: a study from a psoriatic arthritis cohort. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Jun 11: annrheumdis-2020-217806. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217806. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32527866.
5. Roberts LJ, Lamont EG, Lim I, Sabesan S, Barrett C. Telerheumatology: an idea whose time has come. Intern Med J. 2012 Oct; 42(10):1072-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02931.x. PMID: 22931307.…Matsumoto RA, Barton JL. Telerheumatology: before, during, and after a global pandemic. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2021 May 1; 33(3):262-269. doi: 10.1097/BOR.0000000000000790. PMID: 33741808.
6. Peschken CA, Hitchon CA, Robinson DB, et al. Rheumatoid arthritis in a north American native population: longitudinal follow-up and comparison with a white population. J Rheumatol. 2010 Aug 1;37(8):1589-95.
7. Ferucci ED, Johnston JM, Gaddy JR, et al. Prevalence and incidence of systemic lupus erythematosus in a population-based registry of American Indian and Alaska Native people, 2007-2009. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014 Sep; 66(9):2494-502.
8. Guthridge CJ, Gross T, Quintero M, et al. Expanded Autoantibody Profiles for subsetting of Native American, African American, and European American Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. ACR Open Rheumatol. 2020 Jul;2(7):415-423. doi: 10.1002/acr2.11149. Epub 2020 Jun 22. PMID: 32567819; PMCID: PMC7368137.
9. Frishman WH, Alpert JS. Virtual interviews during Internal Medicine recruitments: An unexpected favorable outcome of the COVID-19 pandemic? Am J Med. 2021 Aug; 134(8):935- 936. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.03.002. Epub 2021 Mar 12. PMID: 33722517.
10. Bonfá E, Gossec L, Isenberg DA, Li Z, Raychaudhuri S. How COVID-19 is changing rheumatology clinical practice. Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2021 Jan; 17(1):11-15. doi: 10.1038/s41584-020-00527-5. Epub 2020 Nov 2. PMID: 33139947; PMCID: PMC7604913.
11. Gupta L, Misra DP, Agarwal V, Balan S, Agarwal V. Response to: 'Telerheumatology in COVID-19 era: a study from a psoriatic arthritis cohort' by Costa et al. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020 Jun 11: annrheumdis-2020-217953. doi: 10.1136/. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32527864.