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Category: Fall of Modernism
"In Search of America" (and Santa Fe) – excerpt from a new book by Robert Wolf
October 1, 2015 Matthews Gallery1 Comment
Among its many virtues Santa Fe has always been a refuge for dreamers, eccentrics and artists. Some of these magnificent souls bring with them an unmistakable effervescence, a radiant and slightly skewed take on the world that reminds us of what a life of complete freedom, with both its rewards and its costs, looks like.
If there were a poster child for Santa Fe artistic eccentricity it would have to be Tommy Macaione (1907-1992). Old time Santa Feans remember Macaione wandering through the city, usually with a few of his beloved dogs with him, painting area landscapes, gardens and street scenes. He was instantly recognizable with his leonine head of hair and bushy beard making him look like a Renaissance artist who just happened to drop into the latter part of the 20th century.
Tommy Macaione statue by Mac Vaughan, Santa Fe
We got some insight into Macaione when the author, Robert Wolf, stopped by the gallery a few months ago to talk about his new book, In Search of America. Wolf met Macaione and other Santa Fe artists when he lived here and the new book includes accounts of that period. In addition to Macaione, Wolf writes about artists including Alfred Morang, Harold West, Eli Levin and others.
We were so interested to hear some of these stories of Santa Fe that we are hosting a book signing for Mr. Wolf this month. In addition to Mr. Wolf's appearance we'll be showing some works by artists who appear in the book. The book signing and exhibition will take place Friday, October 16 from 5 to 7 pm at the gallery.
When Mr. Wolf was a student at St. John's College he met Macaione and writes about the artist and other Santa Fe adventures in his new book, "In Search of America". Following is an introductory comment and excerpt from the book by Mr. Wolf:
From the early 1960s through the early 1970s, I lived on and off in New Mexico. In February 1963, at age nineteen, I left an upper middle-class Connecticut home to rent an uninsulated shack in Duran for $10 a month, and stayed until late March. In 1965, I returned to New Mexico to enroll in St. John's College. In Santa Fe, with my friends Mac and Alan, I began exploring the City Different. This excerpt from "In Search of America" recounts my first meetings with artist Tommy Macaione.
Santa Fe Winter Scene by Tommy Macaione
Winter snow was melting the afternoon Alan rushed into our dorm and announced to Mac and me that he had discovered a great painter. He sat down on the edge of Mac's bed. "He's as good as Van Gogh. You've got to see him."
He drove us down the hill to Canyon Road and parked in front of a one-story stuccoed house. A hand-painted sign above the front door read:
PAINTINGS – Tommy Macaione—El Differente
El Differente had a painting propped in his window, an intense landscape reminiscent of Van Gogh.
We jumped out of the car. Alan knocked on the screen door and Tommy called, "Wait! Wait!" Moments later he pulled the door open, and through the screen said, "I can't let you in yet. I can't let my babies out." He pushed his dogs aside with his feet, all the while talking loudly to them. We entered a tiny living room empty of furniture but stacked with paintings. The paintings were in various stages of completion. They were painted with thick daubs and streaks of color, wild profusions of emotion. But on one wall he hung two conventionally rendered paintings—one of a pair of flamenco dancers, another of a pipe and a bowl with fruit. "I hang those," Tommy said, "so that people will know that I can paint like that, if that's what they want."
A stench filled the room. Tommy's clothes were covered with dog hair. His bed was covered with dog hair, the sheets and cover balled together. Empty dog food cans with bits of decayed meat lay on the floor next to dog turds. There were wet spots and stains where his dogs had peed.
Tommy had the title "El Differente" legally affixed to his name. And different he was. He was in his mid-fifties with a long unkempt beard, hideous breath, and hair that shot out in all directions. He was missing several teeth; those he had were brown and yellow.
"I'm having a terrible time," Tommy told us, "I'm STARVING. Things are worse, Alan. I passed out just the other day and the day before that, too, I'm so hungry. I haven't enough to even feed my babies."
His eyes watered and he spoke frantically, in a rush.
"We can help you out, Tommy," Alan told him. "How about coming up to dinner this evening?"
"Boys, do you mean it?"
"Sure we do," Alan said.
"I love you boys," he said, grabbing Alan and hugging him. "Can you drive me downtown? Do you have time? I have to get some bones for my dogs, they're starving. God would be very angry with me if I let them die."
"Sure," Alan said, "let's get in the car."
Tommy sat up front with Alan. His smell sickened me. Mac and I rolled down our windows but the rush of air could not eliminate his odor.
We drove to a grocery store where Tommy walked to the meat department and returned with large bags filled with bones and meat scraps. Meanwhile, I bought a box of spaghetti, several cans of tomato sauce, Italian sausage, two loaves of bread, and a can of soup.
"This ought to hold you for a while," I told him.
He cried and hugged me.
I was happy for him and envious of his intensity and dedication and lack of inhibition, but his sentimentality embarrassed me.
That night Alan brought him to the dining room, a large hall with balconies and clean light wood tables. The hall was clean, spare, modern. Tommy wore a torn corduroy coat with bulging pockets, baggy pants thinning at the knees, and old cracked shoes with knotted laces. With his wild hair and unkempt beard Tommy looked as out of place as anyone could. But we were proud of our find; after all, we were mingling with the townspeople.
That struck me as the big gap between us and the other students: they had little to do with the town. Their interests were in the program, themselves, and a handful of friends. We, on the other hand, lived only partly for St. John's. You might say the books were for us a jumping off point, a different way of exploring the world, a kind of background to it. The real thing was life, people.
"God bless you boys, God bless you," Tommy kept saying.
When Kyle our waiter told us the selections, Tommy said excitedly, "You mean I can have a choice?"
Alan said, "Sure. And if you want more later you can have it."
When Kyle brought our orders Tommy immediately pitched into his food, gobbling it and talking while he ate. "St. John's is a great school, a great school. You boys are very lucky to be here. Me, I didn't have a college education. I went to art school. I knew very early I wanted to be a painter."
"Have you always made your living as a painter?" I asked.
"A living!" he practically screamed. "I can't make a living at painting now!"
"Right," I said.
"I was a barber for years, in New York. When I came to Santa Fe in fifty-three I was a barber."
His fingers were greasy from picking up food with his hands. When bits of meat and vegetables became entangled in his beard, he did not notice.
"If you boys want to do me a favor," he said loudly, his mouth filled with food, "something God will bless you for, get me a show at St. John's."
"All right," Alan said, "we'll do that."
Periodically the college hung an art exhibit in a gallery on the balcony overlooking the dining hall. We arranged Tommy's show through Colonel Deal, who crated the exhibits. We arranged to meet Colonel Deal at Tommy's studio. Colonel Deal brought his station wagon and selected the paintings and we stacked them in his car and in Mac's. We spent the afternoon hanging the show while Tommy walked around, jabbering excitedly, "God will bless you. I pray for you. You are good boys for doing an old man this kindness."
We had Tommy to dinner several more times. For fifteen years Tommy had starved in Santa Fe. Whenever things got especially tough he took out a large ad in The Santa Fe New Mexican—the town paper—pleading for help. He traded paintings for the ads. Now he thought his fortunes were changing. He thought that with a show at St. John's he would begin to attract wealthy buyers. He wrote prices of three and five hundred dollars on small cards in a scrawl and posted them next to the paintings. Then he scratched out those prices and scribbled in higher ones.
For days afterwards we spent hours with Tommy in Mac's room before a tape recorder as he told us his life story and his theories of art. He wrote huge summaries of these in his large hand on greasy papers. All this was for a biography and artist's statement, which we were to type up and photocopy and put in a stack in the gallery. We never wrote the biography or the statement. Tommy kept walking or hitchhiking up to St. John's to see the show. Benevolence and gratitude changed to indignation. He railed at us.
"For two months now you've done nothing," he would say. "That's not right. You made a promise and if you're gentlemen you're supposed to stick to them."
He was right.
Tommy painted outdoors around Santa Fe in all weather. I remember his large paintings of hollyhocks that grew in profusion along Santa Fe sidewalks. Tommy was most interested in flowers, shrubs, and bushes, sometimes set against houses. In winter he wore several corduroy jackets and torn trousers, painting outside on the bitterest days. I saw him painting one evening at dusk to catch the last of the flowers before the autumn frost. When Tommy was not painting or begging scraps for his dogs, he would walk all five of his pets, getting the dogs and himself entangled as they dragged him across Santa Fe.
Posted in Alfred Morang, Art, Art books, Art Collectors, Art History, Fall of Modernism, Life of an Artist, New Mexico Modernism, Sculpture, Tommy MacaioneTagged art, art blog, art gallery, art gallery social media, art history, Art News, art world, artist, Canyon Road, gallery blog, Matthews Gallery, new mexico, painter, painting, santa fe, Santa Fe New Mexico, Southwest
FALL OF MODERNISM: The Modernist Impulse
August 22, 2015 August 22, 2015 Matthews GalleryLeave a comment
"Wonderful place. You must come. Am sending ticket. Bring me a cook." Mabel Dodge Lujan's telegram to artist Andrew Dasburg is a seminal moment in New Mexico art history. Lujan, a prominent arts champion from New York, had fallen in love with the Taos art colony and was determined to summon artists there from the East. The efforts of Lujan and her counterparts in Santa Fe and Albuquerque sparked a great influx of modernist artists to the region, eclipsing the traditional styles that had reigned there in the late 19th century. Matthews Gallery's exhibition THE MODERNIST IMPULSE: New Mexico's 20th Century Avant-Garde, will tell stories of revolutionary artists throughout the previous century in a special rolling exhibition from September through October, 2015.
We're working in concert with Georgia O'Keeffe Museum and New Mexico Museum of Art's Fall of Modernism: A Season of American Art event series to trace the grand arc of New Mexico's modernist history. Starting with Lujan's circle, which arrived in the 1920s, and moving forward through the decades, we'll examine the strong impulse of modernist artists to settle in New Mexico and revolutionize the art colonies here.
Over the course of the two-month show, Matthews Gallery's walls will shift through time. Early Taos modernists will give way for the Taos Moderns movement, Santa Fe artist and art teacher Alfred Morang will pass the baton to students such as Janet Lippincott and William Vincent, and rays of influence from the revolutionary Transcendental Painting Group will stretch far beyond its short existence. Contemporary artist Eli Levin, who came to New Mexico in the 1960's and knew many notable modernists, will round out the group.
Learn more about our contribution to Fall of Modernism on their newly launched homepage, and connect with us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram for updates on the show.
Andrew Dasburg, April Snow 1967, Pastel on Paper.
Jan Matulka, Landscape circa 1923, Watercolor on Paper.
Cady Wells, Taos, 1947, Ink and Watercolor on Paper.
Posted in Andrew Dasburg, Art, Art History, Cady Wells, Eli Levin, Exhibition, Fall of Modernism, Jan Matulka, Mabel Dodge Lujan, New Mexico Modernism, Santa Fe/Taos Art Colonies, Special Events, Transcendental Painting GroupTagged 20th century art, a season of american art, Andrew Dasburg, art, art blog, art exhibition, art gallery, art gallery social media, art history, Art News, art show, art world, artist, artists, Autumn, avant garde, Cady Wells, Canyon Road, Canyon Road art, dasburg, Eli Levin, fall of modernism, gallery blog, georgia o'keeffe museum, History of Art, Jan Matulka, janet lippincott, lippincott, mabel dodge luhan, mabel dodge lujan, Matthews Gallery, modern art, Modernism, modernist, modernist impulse, modernists, new mexico, New Mexico Art, New Mexico Museum of Art, o'keeffe museum, santa fe, Santa Fe art, santa fe art gallery, Santa Fe New Mexico, summer of color, trasncendental painting group


Ministers of Interior/Security from the Western Balkan countries discussed the WBCTi Interim Report at the EU-WB Ministerial Meeting under the auspices of the Slovak Presidency of the Council of the EU held at Brdo pri Kranju, Slovenia, between 15 –16 December 2016. The document outlines the main achievements in the 1st year of implementation based on the objectives identified in late 2014. The achievements outlined clearly show how the activities on part of all WBCTi partners, including those of EU Member States and EU agencies, directed toward the joint set of objectives, have contributed to the optimization of resulting outcomes and bring synergies.
On 29 – 30 November 2017, the Slovenian Chairmanship-in-Office of the South East European Cooperation Process (SEECP), the Regional Cooperation Council (RCC), and the Western Balkans Counter-Terrorism Initiative (WBCTi) will be organizing the Second Regional Coordination Conference for Counter-Terrorism (CT) and Prevention and Countering Violent Extremism (P/CVE) in South East Europe (SEE). The later represents a functional follow-up of the first Regional CT and P/CVE Coordination Conference, held in Tirana on 11 November 2016.
The purpose of this high level event is to engage relevant actors and stakeholders in the area of counter-terrorism, prevention and countering violent extremism in South East Europe in general, and the Western Balkans in particular. Participants will therefore be encouraged to discuss, share their experiences, and best practices.
In complaint with the WBCTi Process, the conference will be divided in separate session for the three SEE regional CT and P/CVE networks, namely the RCC Group of National Focal Points for Prevention and Countering Violent Extremism in South East Europe (NFP P/CVE Group), PCC SEE CT Network, representing strategic level of cooperation and the Counter- Terrorism Initiative (CTI) which represents operational cooperation on the CT/P-CVE policy in the region.
The event will take place in Slovenia, hosted by the Slovenian Ministry of Home Affairs.
On 26-27 October 2017 the Estonian Presidency of the Council of the European Union, with kind support of Bulgaria and in close cooperation with European Commission, organised the annual EU-Western Balkans Ministerial Forum on Justice and Home Affairs in Sofia, Bulgaria. The event stressed the importance of cooperation between the European Union and the Western Balkans region in the fields of justice and home affairs, and emphasised the topics of justice reform, judicial cooperation, migration and border management, counter-terrorism and radicalisation, as well as fight against firearms trafficking.
On 14th September, Mr Filip de Ceuninck, EU regional CT adviser, EU Delegation to BiH, hosted a CT and P/CVE coordination meeting in the EU House in Sarajevo. The meeting convened regional CT-P/CVE-Security advisors in the Western Balkan region and other representatives of the following WBCTi partners: Ministry of Security BiH, IOM, Foreign & Commonwealth Office U.K., Embassies of Germany, the Netherlands and the U.K., USAID, NI-CO/WINPRO Project, UNDP, RCC, EUFOR, EEAS, Office of the EU CTC, the European Commission – DG NEAR and DG HOME, and DCAF Ljubljana. The event was organised in close cooperation with the Rule of Law Section, EUSR Office in Sarajevo.
The discussion was mainly focused on new developments and approaches to issues of CT and P/CVE in the Western Balkans. The newly appointed IISG Chair, Mr Rajko Kozmelj (represented also WBCTi Lead Partners DCAF Ljubljana, Austria and Slovenia) gave a presentation of the IISG Board Kick-Off Meeting results and WBCTi developments and its state-of-play. He emphasised the strategic importance and impact that the IISG Board conclusions of 8 Sep 2017 would bear for the internal security and regional cooperation policies. He also presented to the participants the first list of draft priorities for the new WBCTi iPA 2018-2019 and invited again all partners to contribute to the draft list of needs as we are currently developing it into the first draft iPA 2018-2019 and preparing the next phases of needs assessment.
The WBCTi partners provided their priorities related to their planned P/CVE activities and their importance and links with national CT policies. Participants recognised the importance of establishing the "P-R-A" Mechanism and inclusion of existing Referral Mechanism pilot results into the comprehensive P-R-A solution. It is also important to create further synergies between these two important efforts. BiH authorities expressed a strong commitment to achieving synergic action and presented on their plans to establish "P-R-A" Mechanism. Representatives of Ministry of Security, Mr Samir Rizvo, Assistant Minister and Mr Mario Janeček, CT Adviser, invited WBCTi to support them in this challenging endeavour. In this regard, the sharing of information via WBCTi platforms and its website tools for coordination of activities is crucial, with the support of the EU regional CT adviser.
The third focus was placed on the necessity for the coordination among all WBCTi partners in planning and implementing CT and P/CVE actions in the WB region from now on, where the coordination role of the EU regional CT adviser Mr de Ceuninck and the role of the WBCTi Lead Partners (DCAF Ljubljana, Austria and Slovenia) was highly appreciated.
Participants agreed to meet twice per year or more often whenever necessary, in order to contribute to the future implementation and monitoring of the new WBCTi iPA 2018-2019. Meetings will be convened by the EU regional CT adviser in close cooperation with WBCTi Lead Partners.
The Slovenian-led ministerial regional framework in the area of internal security called the Brdo Process will host the 1st meeting of the IISG Board, the highest-level decision-making body within the future IISG implementation process. The meeting will officially "kick off" the process of IISG implementation.
The ministers of the interior/security of IISG Beneficiaries represented in the IISG Board will appoint relevant actors with the leading roles in the IISG three-pillar structure, appoint the IISG Chair and endorse the IISG Terms of Reference. The European Commission and DCAF Ljubljana will present on the state-of-play in the implementation of the IISG 1st pillar (WBCTi) and on other current developments.
The event also convenes all IISG Partners – relevant international, regional actors as well as EU agencies, institutions and interested Member States (who are not member states of the Brdo Process).
WBCTi Chairmanship is attending the Expert Working Group meeting, a regular session of the senior decision-making body within the Police Cooperation Convention for Southeast Europe (PCC SEE), taking place between 23 – 24 June 2017 in Bucharest, Romania. Mr. Rajko Kozmelj will present the progress in implementing the WBCTi as well as the state-of-play in developing the concept of Integrative Internal Security Governance.
Between 17th – 18th May 2017, DCAF, the George C. Marshall European Center for Security Studies and the Slovenian Ministry of Interior – Police are co-organising an important regional conference, which will bring together senior policy-makers from law enforcement and intelligence, academics and relevant international and regional security actors in the area of CT and P/CVE policy in the Western Balkans. The conference will identify requirements to improve CT and P/CVE policies in the Western Balkans, and recommend priorities for the next multi-annual WBCTi Integrated Plan of Action that will enter into force in early 2018, based on Beneficiaries needs and relevant threat assessments.
The Meeting of the Informal Working Group on WBCTi (meeting under the auspices of the Council of the EU Terrorism Working Party for the 12th time) will be hosted by the Slovenian Permanent Representation to the EU. The meeting will be chaired by Slovenia and Austria. It will review progress in the WBCTi iPA 2015–2017 implementation and introduce future steps, incl. the preparation of the next multi-annual iPA. The event is attended by EU Member States, Western Balkan countries' Missions to the EU, European Commission, EU agencies, the US, Turkey and DCAF and the WBCTi Chairmanship.
The informal Brdo Process Ministerial Meeting took place between 18–19 April 2016 at Brdo at Kranj, Slovenia. At the conference the ministers discussed the progress in implementing the Western Balkan Counter-Terrorism Initiative (WBCTi), and expressed the need to gradually expand the approach to the fight against serious and organized crime and border management in the Western Balkan region. Another topic of discussion was the migratory crisis in the region, in particular the needs that have to be addressed in case of massive migrant pressure. In parallel to the Brdo Process meeting, the ministers gathered at the opening conference of the "First Line – practitioners dealing with radicalisation issues", an EU-financed counter-radicalisation initiative modelled upon the EU RAN Centre of Excellence and aimed at establishing national RAN-like platforms in the Western Balkan countries.
On 8th December 2015, the EU-Western Balkans Justice and Home Affairs (JHA) Ministerial Forum in its Home Affairs meeting endorsed the Integrative Plan of Action (iPA) 2015-2017 of the Western Balkan Counter-Terrorism initiative (WBCTi).


The Sartell High School Gymnastics Team placed second at state on Feb. 22. This is the highest the team has placed at state. The team scored a 148.225 to secure their standing. (From left to rightO Morgan Weber, Christa Meyer, Emma Schwartz, Carly Yang, Grace Wittmer-George, Ali Boschee, Abby Weber, Jes Lemke, Marley Michaud, Ella Simmons, Brenna Chisholm and Head Coach Tyler LaBonne.


Putting aside that alphabet soup, Kalahi-CIDSS' name already provides a clue as to its purpose. "Kapit-bisig laban sa kahirapan" means "linking arms against poverty," and it's what the program seeks to achieve: combat poverty by training people so they themselves serve as key players in development. The program has identified at least 4.6 million poor families to help them access opportunities so they can become self-sufficient by 2022.
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RUSNET.NL
Commercial informational & consulting Centre Print version. Published on site Rusnet.NL 18 December 2003
Original: http://www.rusnet.nl/encyclo/m/moldova_history.shtml
Encyclopedia :: M :: Moldova: The History
Bessarabia - the name often given to the region of historic Moldavia between the Dniester and Prut rivers - has a long and stormy history.
Part of Scythia in the 1st millennium BC, Bessarabia later came marginally under the control of the Roman Empire as part of Dacia. Lying on one of the principal land routes into Europe, it was invaded by successive waves of barbarians, and the area had many masters.
Gradually, under varying influences, the Vlach (or Romanian) nationality developed. Part of the area came under the rule of Kievan Rus between the 10th and 12th centuries AD and later passed to the Galician princes. From 1241 to the 14th century Moldavia was vassal to the Tatars.
Old Moldavia
The Genoese, founding fortified commercial outposts on the Dniester in the 14th century, paved the way for contact with Western culture, but Bessarabia's development depended on the rise of the principalities of Moldavia and Walachia, which soon expanded to include the territory.
The southern area, which originally fell into the Walachian sphere, probably took its name from the Basarab dynasty. The whole province became part of Moldavia in the 15th century but was soon exposed to the Turkish onslaught; the key points of Cetatea Alba and Chilia (modern Belgorod-Dnestrovsky and Kiliya, Ukraine, respectively) were captured in 1484, and this conquest was ratified by treaty (in 1503 and 1513). The southern part of Bessarabia was again detached and organised by the Turks into two sanjaks (districts) of the Ottoman Empire.
Beginning with Peter I the Great, Russia drove toward the Danube delta. The Russians occupied Moldavia five times between 1711 and 1812 and finally secured Turkey's cession of Bessarabia-approximately half of historic Moldavia-in the Treaty of Bucharest (1812).
The Russian administration (1812-1917)
In 1829, in the Treaty of Adrianople, Russia pushed the frontier south to include the Danube delta. After the Crimean War, the Treaty of Paris in 1856 restored southern Bessarabia (at that time divided into three districts: Izmail, Kagul [or Cahul], and Bolgrad) to Moldavia; but in 1878, despite Romania's having fought on the Russian side against Turkey, the Treaty of Berlin assigned these three districts once more to Russia, giving the Dobruja to Romania as compensation.
The Russian administration had at first been liberal. Autonomy had been granted in 1818 and had remained in force until 1828; a Moldavian boyar had been made governor and a Moldavian archbishop installed. Nevertheless, many Moldavian peasants, fearing the introduction of serfdom, fled across the Prut.
The introduction of the zemstvo system in 1869 provided a measure of local autonomy, but a policy of Russification in both civil and ecclesiastical administration was thereafter pursued, with little effect on the largely illiterate peasantry.
The founding of the kingdom of Romania (1881) formed a centre of attraction for Moldavian nationalism, but no lively movement developed in Bessarabia until after the Russian Revolution of 1905. The movement's strength was drawn not from the boyars (largely Russified) but from schoolteachers and parish priests.
Bessarabia achieved some prosperity under Russian rule. The empire formed a good market for Bessarabia's agricultural produce, which was dispatched by river or by the railway system built to link the region with the north - south main line to Odessa. Chisinau was a relatively flourishing town, though its large Jewish population suffered severely in a massacre in 1903.
World War I and the Russian Revolution
During World War I the Central Powers tempted Romania to side with them by offering to restore Bessarabia. The scales were tipped in favour of the Allies, however, by counteroffers of Transylvania and Bukovina, as well as by the Francophile sentiment of the Romanian people, so that by 1916 Romania was fighting as Russia's ally.
The revolutionary and nationalist ferment in the Russian Empire spread quickly to Bessarabia, which proclaimed support for the moderate Socialist Revolutionary Aleksandr Kerensky in March 1917. In April the National Moldavian Committee demanded autonomy, land reform, and the use of the Romanian language; similar rights were claimed for the Moldavians, about 400,000 in number, settled east of the Dniester.
A move toward complete independence was encouraged by events in Ukraine, and in November 1917 a council known as Sfatul Tarii was set up on the model of the Kiev Rada. On Dec. 15, 1917, the Sfat proclaimed Bessarabia an autonomous constituent republic of the Federation of Russian Republics.
Disorders caused by the revolutionary Russian soldiery led the Sfat to appeal to the Allies' representatives and to the Romanian government at Iasi for military help, whereupon the Bolsheviks occupied Chisinau in January 1918. They were driven out by Romanian forces within two weeks; and on February 6 the Sfat, again following Kiev, proclaimed Bessarabia an independent Moldavian republic, renouncing all ties with Russia.
Recognising the economic impossibility of isolation and alarmed by the pretensions of the German - sponsored Ukrainian government, the Sfat voted for conditional union with Romania in April 1918. Reservations about the union were abandoned with the defeat of the Central Powers and the creation of Greater Romania, and unconditional union was voted at the final session of the Sfat in December 1918.
The union of Bessarabia with Romania was recognised by a treaty (part of the Paris Peace Conference) signed on Oct. 28, 1920, by Romania, Great Britain, France, Italy, and Japan; the treaty eventually was ratified by all signatories but Japan.
The Soviet Union never recognised Romania's right to the province, and in 1924 it established the tiny Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on Ukrainian territory across the Dniester. The frontier along the Dniester was closed, but railway connections were re-established in 1936, two years after the resumption of diplomatic relations.
The Romanian administration (1918-40)
The Romanian government immediately put through a drastic land reform, initiated by Sfatul Tarii, whereby the maximum holding allowed was 247 acres (100 hectares). Notwithstanding this, the province languished economically.
The uncertainty caused by the continued pretensions of the Soviet Union hindered development; Romania had little need of Bessarabia's fruit, grain, and wine; roads were inadequate; the railway system was geared to that of Russia; and the closing of the Dniester and the loss of the natural outlet, Odessa, had a disastrous effect.
The province was put under a centralised regime, at times military in character; in 1938 King Carol II attempted to break up its historic unity by dividing it among newly created regions. Some tardy concessions to the minorities were made in 1939.
After the German - Soviet pact of August 1939, the Soviet Union revived claims to Bessarabia, and the collapse of the western European front to the Germans in 1940 precipitated action. In late June a Soviet ultimatum to Romania demanded the cession of Bessarabia and of northern Bukovina. The Romanian government was forced to submit, and Soviet troops marched in (June 28).
On July 11 the districts of central Bessarabia inhabited predominantly by Moldavians were joined to part of the autonomous Moldavian republic across the Dniester to form, in August, a Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (SSR), with Chisinau as its capital.
The Hotin district in the north was incorporated in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, as were the southern districts of Cetatea Alba and Izmail. Further land was expropriated and collectivisation launched. Many Moldavians left, some Jews entered, and the whole German population was removed to western Poland under an agreement between Germany and the Soviet Union.
In July 1941 Romania, having entered the war as Germany's ally against the Soviet Union, re-occupied Bessarabia. By December 1942 it was fully governed as Romanian territory, though a formal decree of annexation was postponed until the end of hostilities. Some Moldavian peasants from Transnistria, the newly organised Romanian province between the Dniester and the Southern Bug, were settled on the farms of departed Germans, and many Jews were killed or deported.
The Moldavian SSR
Following the Soviet occupation of Bessarabia in 1944, the province was reintegrated into the Soviet Union as the Moldavian SSR. Thereafter, policies formulated in Moscow became the norms for political and economic development until the Soviet system began to weaken in the late 1980s. The Communist Party coordinated all public activities, justifying its monopoly of power as necessary to create the material foundations for the building of communism.
The party vigorously promoted industrialisation and the collectivisation of agriculture, abolishing private ownership of land and of the means of production and distribution. So predominant was the party that civil society ceased to exist. The history of Moldavia during the Soviet period was, in effect, the history of the Communist Party.
Independent Moldova
The weakening and eventual collapse of the Communist Party in the Soviet Union made possible the revival of civil society and open public debate in Moldavia, and a number of new political parties were formed. The Moldovan majority took the lead in severing ties with Moscow: sovereignty was declared in June 1990, and the independent Republic of Moldova was proclaimed on Aug. 27, 1991.
The Gagauz in the south and the Russians east of the Dniester responded by declaring independent republics of their own, mainly as a defence against Moldovan nationalism. The Moldovan majority found itself divided over the question of union with Romania, and the Moldovan - dominated government found it impossible militarily to subdue Russian separatists.
Such political stalemate complicated efforts to reshape Moldova's socialist economy through investment and trade from abroad.
The parliamentary elections of February 1994 brought about a political realignment. The Agrarian Democratic Party achieved a majority, defeating parties that favoured either unification with Romania or a close alliance with Russia.
In March of that year, Moldovans voted overwhelmingly to maintain independence, and in April the parliament approved limited membership in the Commonwealth of Independent States. A new constitution, ratified by the parliament on July 28, 1994, brought an easing of tensions with the Russians east of the Dniester and with the Gagauz by granting substantial autonomy to Transnistria and Gagauzia. The new government moved cautiously toward a market economy and privatization but appeared to be committed to steady, consistent reform.
Administration and social conditions

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Set on the Lakeview resort in Somerset, Butterfly Cottage is a three bedroom home from home that makes it easy to spend time together and make the most of the property's countryside setting. The contemporary design of the living, kitchen and dining room gives the downstairs a bright, airy feel, and thanks to the access from the living space out on to the cottage's patio, the whole family are free to come and go with ease.
On warm sunny days when the breeze beckons the whole family outside, those lazy relaxed meals taste all the better on the patio's picnic bench, and the communal gardens mean it's easy to while away summer's afternoons without straying too far from the cottage. Better still, if you have a valid rod license you'll be welcome to fish in the resort's private fishing lake too.
Back inside, and when it's time to retire for the evening the master bedroom's beautiful. How does a king size bed sound? And there's even a pretty Juliet balcony so you can step outside and breathe in the fresh West Country air when you wake up. There's a double bed in the second bedroom and twins in the third, so Butterfly Cottage is perfect for a break with the whole family or friends.


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Peterswalde steht für:
 Peterswalde, Ortsteil von Koblentz,  Landkreis Vorpommern-Greifswald, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

 Peterswalde, Gemeinde im Kreis Osterode, Ostpreußen, seit 1945: Pietrzwałd (Ostróda), Gmina Ostróda, Powiat Ostródzki, Woiwodschaft Ermland-Masuren, Polen
 Peterswalde, Ortschaft im Kreis Braunsberg, Ostpreußen, seit 1945: Piotrowiec (Pieniężno), Gmina Pieniężno, Powiat Braniewski, Woiwodschaft Ermland-Masuren, Polen
 Peterswalde, Gemeinde im Kreis Stuhm, Westpreußen, seit 1945: Pietrzwałd (Sztum), Gmina Sztum, Powiat Sztumski, Woiwodschaft Pommern, Polen
 Peterswalde, Gemeinde und Amtsbezirk im Landkreis Schlochau, Pommern, seit 1945: Cierznie (Debrzno), Gmina Debrzno, Powiat Człuchowski, Woiwodschaft Pommern, Polen
 Peterswalde, Gemeinde im Kreis Stuhm, Ostpreußen, seit 1945: Pietrzwałd (Sztum), Gmina Sztum, Powiat Sztum, Woiwodschaft Pommern, Polen
 Peterswalde, Gemeinde im Kreis Heilsberg, Ostpreußen, seit 1945: Piotraszewo, Gmina Dobre Miasto, Powiat Olsztyński, Woiwodschaft Ermland-Masuren, Polen

 Peterswalde, ehemalige Gemeinde und Amtsbezirk im Kreis Niederung, Regierungsbezirk Gumbinnen, Ostpreußen, siehe Sosnjaki (Kaliningrad)

Siehe auch:
 Peterswald
 Peter Wald

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


On this episode of DTB's "Bus Invaders", we take you inside the touring vehicle of the metalcore band, Silent Planet, while on Warped Tour 2017 with Attila, Andy Black, Beartooth, Falling In Reverse, and more. Silent Planet is best known for their songs "Panic Room" and "Orphan".
On this episode of DTB's "Tour Tips (Top 5)", the metalcore band, Silent Planet, recommends their tips for being on tour, while on tour with For Today, Norma Jean and My Epic. Silent Planet is best known for their songs "Native Blood" and "Panic Room".
On this episode of DTB's "Crazy Tour Stories", the metalcore band, Silent Planet, shares crazy moments from touring, while on tour with For Today, Norma Jean and My Epic. Silent Planet is best known for their songs "Native Blood" and "Panic Room".
On this episode of DTB's "Tour Pranks", the metalcore band, Silent Planet, reveals the pranks they've pulled on tour, while on tour with For Today, Norma Jean and My Epic. Silent Planet is best known for their songs "Native Blood" and "Panic Room".
On this episode of DTB's "Preshow Rituals", the metalcore band, Silent Planet, talks about what they do before taking the stage, while on tour with For Today, Norma Jean and My Epic.
On this episode of DTB's "Dream Tour", Garrett Russell, from the metalcore band, Silent Planet, discusses their ultimate tour lineup, while on tour with For Today, Norma Jean and My Epic.
On this episode of DTB's "Gear Masters", Mitchell Stark, from the metalcore band, Silent Planet, shows off the gear that he uses onstage.


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History of the Bayeux Tapestry
Exhibit Hours and Lecture Series
Tapestry Activities
Chilton ArtsCore
Tapestry Fast Facts
scenes depict the Battle of Hastings
scenes take place in France
pieces of linen fabric are sewn together
buildings, including Mont-Saint-Michel
scenes take place in England
shades of wool provide effects of perspective and depth
Latin inscriptions
Explore the history of the Bayeux Tapestry
The Battle of Hastings between Norman and Anglo-Saxon forces
In October 1066, William, Duke of Normandy, staged the last successful invasion of England. Considering himself the rightful heir of Edward the Confessor, the King of England who had died early in 1066, William received papa l confirmation of his position and sought to overthrow the new occupier of the throne, Harold Godwinson. Harold, the son of the Earl of Wessex, had been chosen by the nobles of England to replace Edward. However, these were not the only candidates for the throne, as Harold's brother Tostig also fancied himself as ruler, as did the King of Norway, Harold Hardrada. The latter claim is not as strange as it might appear, as England had been ruled by Scandinavian rulers from 1014 to 1066, the result of the last of the Viking raids on England. All of these men were prepared to fight for the throne.
While William prepared a fleet to sail from Normandy to the coast of England in late September and early October 1066, Harold had first to battle an army of Harold Hardrada's and Tostig's men in Northern England at the Battle of Stanford Bridge on 20 September. Here he was
victorious and both the King of Norway and Tostig were killed. At the moment of Harold's victory, the winds changed, allowing William's ships to sail.
A fortunate combination of timing, bravado, and military skill allowed William to prevail over Harold at the Battle of Hastings on 14 October 1066. The victory made William the king of England and ushered in a new age of Norman dominance in England and indeed most of Britain for the next 150 years. After 1066, England was no longer tied firmly to the Northern Scandinavian world, as it had been for much of the early medieval period, and was now united with Normandy and the continent with momentous consequences for medieval Europe.
The Bayeux Tapestry: History or Epic Poem?
Banquet scene from the Bayeux Tapestry
Historians often look to the Bayeux Tapestry as an illustration of the events leading up to the famous Battle of Hastings that brought William the Conqueror to power in 1066. But can we take it as straightforward history?
In fact, it more closely resembles the sort of epic poetry that would be performed by bards at a banquet and probably owes much of its narrative structure to one of the earliest epic poems written in the Anglo-Norman vernacular, La chanson de Roland.
The Song of Roland (reportedly sung during the Battle of Hastings) recounts the rout of Charlemagne's army in 778 AD when his army was decimated by a Muslim force in northern Spain and the French knight Roland, a paradigm of knightly virtues, died a heroic death.
Translated, as it were, from word to image, we can speculate what kind of audience the unknown makers of the Bayeux Tapestry hoped to entertain by adopting the form of the epic poem.
The Bayeux Tapestry: Art of the Loom and the Needle in Women's Hands
Detail of the Bayeux stitch
Although it is called the Bayeux "Tapestry," the nearly 230 foot long textile is actually not woven, but is made of linen embroidered with eight different colored wools. And although the scenes show an almost exclusively masculine society of warfare, castle and shipbuilding, and political maneuvering, we know that the anonymous artists of most textile production in the Middle Ages were women.
Who made the tapestry? Did women design the scenes or were they given patterns to follow by male supervisors? Was there one person in charge of the entire design, or did the tapestry narrative evolve over time?
Women sewing linen from the Tacuinum Sanitas of Vienna, late 14th century
The main scenes are heroic and historic, but what about the events taking place in the top and bottom margins? Some of them point to moralizing stories from Aesop's Fables while others are downright naughty.
Was it made in Norman France, where William came from, or was it made in Anglo-Saxon England, famous for high quality embroidery production?
By looking at other media in Medieval art, such as manuscript illuminations and luxury goods, we can speculate about the roles of women as artists and about the type of society that would have produced such a visually rich object.
The Bayeux Tapestry: Historic Chronicle or Norman Propaganda?
Death of Edward the Confessor
The Bayeux Tapestry depicts numerous historical events, including the death of King Edward the Confessor, Harold swearing loyalty to William on holy relics, the amassing of William's invasion fleet, and the death of Harold at the Battle of Hastings, to name just a few.
Harold swearing the oath of loyalty to William
In addition, the Tapestry is packed with details both routine and extraordinary, such as clearing forests, preparing banquets, making ships and loading them for the crossing of the Channel, but also the flight of Halley's Comet across the sky as a portent of disaster for Harold's endeavor.
Harold's men see Halley's Comet and fear it is an evil omen
This raises the question of who commissioned the Tapestry, because if it was William's half-brother Bishop Odo, as is often suggested, then it also puts the Saxons in a favorable light.
Who was the audience for the Tapestry and who decided to include subversive elements that subtly undermine the triumph of William's military achievement?
Harold impaled by an arrow to the eye on left and then slain by a knight on horseback
Considering the various audiences and actors in the years following the Battle of Hastings, the Tapestry proves to be a complex mix of historical fact, narrative license and, perhaps, political propaganda.
The Bayeux Tapestry: Visual Sources from the Near East to the Far North
Detail from Trajan's Column in Rome
The Bayeux Tapestry is often described as a sort of medieval comic book, but, in fact, it shows a narrative type called "continuous narrative," meaning that the story flows from one event to another with very few framing devices. It resembles the modern medium of film more than it does a comic book.
The most famous instance of "continuous narrative" being used in a monumental work of art can be found on the Trajan's Column in Rome. Here, the events of the Roman Emperor Trajan's defeat of the Dacians in the 2nd century AD are described in a 625-foot long carved relief that winds around the column showing over 2500 figures engaged in the everyday activities of the Roman soldiers as well as the numerous battles that brought victory to the Romans.
A clear inspiration for the Tapestry, this tells us that the artists who made the Tapestry took their sources from as far away as Rome, and even Byzantium, as can be seen in the heraldic decorations, or from Scandinavian metalwork and wood carvings, evident in much of the abstract patterning and border devices.
By looking at various artistic borrowings in the Tapestry, we can gain a deeper understanding of the incredibly rich visual culture that converged in this one artifact through trade and conquest.
The Bayeux Tapestry in History: from Victorian Romanticism to Nazi War loot
William Morris' passion for the Middle Ages was evident in his work, including the illustration for his fantasy novel, The Wood beyond the World (1894)
Art objects don't just exist in one moment in time. The reactions and appropriations of later generations and civilizations can tell us much about our own, more recent, histories.
It is first recorded as hanging in the Cathedral of Bayeux in 1476, but most art historians agree that it was probably originally meant to hang in a banquet hall. By understanding the Tapestry through the lens of "reception theory" we can see how Victorian writers and artists used it to create their own nineteenth century sense of nationhood and history.
German soldiers marching in Paris during World War II
The Nazis, on the other hand, were highly invested in acquiring, preserving and documenting it in order to support their own narrative of Arian superiority, which they associated with a Viking past through the lens of the Normans (or Norsemen), who were, after all, Vikings with a French veneer.
Textiles are incredibly delicate and rarely survive as long as the Bayeux Tapestry. Its survival for over a millennium is a testament to the importance it has held for the self-fashioning of identity for English, French, German, and now, American, audiences.
1077: Bayeux Cathedral was formally consecrated. The tapestry was probably commissioned by Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, to hang in the nave of the cathedral. Why Bayeux? Harold swore fealty to William on the scared relics of Bayeux, an oath Harold would soon break.
1476: The Tapestry was mentioned in the Inventory of the Cathedral Treasures. At the time, it was displayed every year on Feast Day of Relics, a reminder of Harold's treachery.
1794: The Arts Council for the district of Bayeux seizes the tapestry to protect it as a national treasure.
1804: Napoleon takes the tapestry to be displayed Paris while planning his (failed) invasion of England, but he returns it when his plans fall apart.
1870: The Tapestry is hidden away when its safety is once again threatened by military conflict during the Franco-Prussian war.
1913: With the official separation of church and state in France, the Tapestry is installed in the Hotel du Doyen in Bayeux, the former palace of the local bishop.
1939: The Tapestry is examined and photographed by German art historians and conservators as part of a push by Nazis to appropriate it as propaganda for their vision of a victorious "Nordic race."
1944: The Gestapo removes the Tapestry in preparation for shipment to Germany, probably Berlin, but at the last minute the liberation of Paris by the Allies stops their plans.
Since 1983: The Tapestry has been exhibited in the former seminary, now Bayeux Museum.
The long life of the Bayeux Tapestry: Echoes in popular culture
The entire history of 'Doctor Who' illustrated as a tapestry
Star Wars Tapestry
Rea S. Irvin, cover illustration of The New Yorker, July 15, 1944: D-Day Invasion of France, 1944
Reading Museum's Bayeux Tapestry Exhibit
Make your own Bayeux Tapestry


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Some fascinating facts about Dian Fossey, in honor of her birthday
Our founder, the legendary scientist Dr. Dian Fossey, would have turned 84 on Jan. 16 of this year. Although she was killed while trying to find ways to protect her beloved mountain gorillas, her work lives on in so many ways, especially through the daily monitoring and protection that the Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund now provides daily. The mountain gorilla population has nearly doubled since her time, as a direct result of the work she started, and this is certainly her biggest legacy.
Fossey was a fascinating individual in many ways, as well as a courageous and brilliant scientist. We collected a few interesting facts about her life and legacy and present those here, in honor of what would have been her 84th birthday.
* Some 275 scientific studies based on work at Fossey's Karisoke Research Center have now been published in academic journals. Indeed, most of what is scientifically known about gorillas comes from work conducted at Karisoke or using the enormous Karisoke gorilla database.
* We still monitor two gorillas who were first seen, and named, by Dian Fossey. They are the dominant silverback Cantsbee (37 years old) and high-ranking female Poppy (38 years old). They are also the oldest gorillas we currently monitor.
* Dian Fossey is buried in Rwanda, in a gravesite next to her favorite gorilla Digit (who was killed by poachers) and other gorillas.
* While making the movie "Gorillas in the Mist," based on Fossey's book, actress Sigourney Weaver also fell in love with the gorillas. She has been honorary chair of the Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund ever since.


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"Unborn Child Protection from Dismemberment Abortion Act" deeply threatening to Abortion Industry
Dave Andrusko
Few things are more interesting than "connecting the dots." Let's put a few recent developments together and see what they say about the state of the pro-abortion opposition to the "Unborn Child Protection from Dismemberment Abortion Act," recently introduced in Kansas, based on National Right to Life's model bill.
The legislation is a major new component of the right to life movement's 2015 legislative agenda and the measure is deeply unsettling to the Abortion Industry and its legion of media advocates.
So what is it that has the usual suspects unusually skittish? Here's how NRLC President Carol Tobias describes what would/should be banned:
Imagine a society in which it is perfectly legal to take an unborn baby, who often is developed enough to feel the most excruciating pain, and then to coldly and purposefully pull that child apart – dismembering her – body part by body part; arms, legs, torso, and head.
Nobody would believe a civilized society would do that. Right?
We do that right here in the United States of America. In all 50 states.
Elsewhere today, we posted an account written by Kathy Ostrowski, legislative director for Kansans for Life, describing a hearing Monday of the Kansas Senate Public Health & Welfare committee at which she testified. I read Kathy's summary and then glanced at how newspapers covered the hearing (the few that did).
The AP story, written by Nicholas Clayton was almost indistinguishable from a NARAL/Planned Parenthood press release. Rather than deal with the substance of this first-in-the-nation measure, co-sponsored by 25 state Senators, Clayton offers a laundry list of pro-abortion complaints.
Just guessing, if the shoe were on the other foot, I don't think criticism would precede explanation.
By contrast Bryan Lowry, of The Wichita Eagle, quoted Ostrowski first before laying out the pro-abortionists' parade of horribles. What's useful for our purposes here is that the quote from the local Planned Parenthood does a nice job encapsulating several of the primary anti-life talking points.
After the hearing, the bill's opponents accused Ostrowski and others of using shock tactics.
"I think it's important to recognize that this legislation does not use medical terminology," said Elise Higgins, a lobbyist for Planned Parenthood. "It uses inflammatory, medically inaccurate language to score political points."
Let's go through a couple of these.
What is "shocking" was not the language used. It was the act that was described and the helplessness of the victim whose life is taken in such a barbaric fashion. No matter how clinically you describe what takes place in a D&E abortion, it is shocking to any morally sentient human being.
Here's how Supreme Court Justice Anthony Kennedy described a D&E abortion:
"After sufficient dilation [of the cervix], a doctor inserts grasping forceps through the woman's cervix and into the uterus to grab a living fetus. The doctor grips a fetal part with the forceps and pulls it back through the cervix and vagina, continuing to pull even after meeting resistance from the cervix. The friction causes the fetus to tear apart. For example, a leg might be ripped off the fetus as it is pulled through the cervix and out of the woman. The fetus, in many cases, dies just as a human adult or child would: It bleeds to death as it is torn apart limb by limb. The fetus can be alive at the beginning of the dismemberment process and can survive for a time while its limbs are being torn off."
The incorrect "medical terminology" dodge is just a recycling of the bogus charge against partial-birth abortion. The simple truth is D&E dismemberment abortions are as brutal as the partial-birth abortion method, which is now illegal in the United States.
And talk about the pot calling the kettle black: the Unborn Child Protection from Dismemberment Abortion Act is about scoring "political points"? Please.
Kathy references a terrific piece written yesterday by NRLC's Andrew Bair. Among many other items, Mr. Bair talks about what can only be described as a hysterical and wildly misleading post written for ThinkProgress by Tara Culp-Ressler.
"The measures are cloaked in emotional language about 'fetal dismemberment' that's reminiscent of the pro-life community's successful push to enact the country's first national abortion ban," she writes.
Just to be clear, the partial-birth abortion ban outlawed a particular abortion technique. It was not a "national abortion ban." This is typical of Culp-Ressler's own emotional language and slipshod explanations.
Of course when it serves her purposes, Culp-Ressler uses vague, sterile, dehumanizing language. So what happens in a D&E abortion?
It involves dilating the cervix and using surgical instruments to remove the fetal and placental tissue.
Note that in the sentence before, Culp-Ressler writes
This type of abortion, which takes about 30 minutes to perform, has become the standard practice for terminating a pregnancy after 12 weeks.
What does that mean? If you go to the National Right to Life factsheet on The Unborn Child Protection from Dismemberment Abortion Act, you'll read
Before the first trimester ends, the unborn child has a beating heart and is making her own blood, often a different blood type than her mother's. The unborn child has brain waves, legs, arms, eyelids, toes, and fingerprints. Every organ (kidneys, liver, brain, etc.) is in place, and even teeth and fingernails have developed. The unborn child can turn her head and even frown. She can kick, swim, and grasp objects placed in her hand. Dismemberment abortions– preformed on unborn children as old as 24 weeks – occur after the baby has met these milestones. Any unborn child aborted using the Dismemberment Abortion procedure after 20 weeks would feel the pain of being ripped apart during the abortion.
This is "fetal and placental tissue"?
There are many misstatements/errors/misdirections in Culp-Ressler's piece which we'll address this week. Here is one more. She sneers
National Right to Life is trotting out its renderings of the D&E procedure.
Get it? By Culp-Ressler's rendering, the graphic you see on this page is something somebody at National Right to Life threw together. In fact, as Mr. Bair wrote yesterday that graphic is an off-the-shelf image from the standard catalog of images produced by Nucleus Medical Art, a leading provider (probably the leading provider) of the technical medical illustrations used in every area of medical education. The drawing was not commissioned by NRLC, nor altered by NRLC. The image is NMA's depiction of a D&E abortion at 23 weeks LMP (21 weeks fetal age).
We'll debunk a few more desperate pro-abortion ploys tomorrow.
Tags icon abortion, Dismemberment Abortion, Unborn Child Protection from Dismemberment Abortion Act
"The State of Abortion in America, 2015"– a must read for pro-life activists
Patel feticide case goes to jury


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The country on track to eliminate cervical cancer
In a decade, the disease could effectively be eliminated as a public health problem in Australia
Fri, Oct 5, 2018, 07:01
Livia Albeck-Ripka
Prof Ian Frazer, a co-creator of the HPV vaccine Gardasil, in a lab at Translational Research in Brisbane, Australia. Photograph: David Maurice Smith/The New York Times
Cervical cancer could be eliminated in Australia within the next two decades because of a government program to vaccinate children against the cancer-causing human papillomavirus, according to a new report.
The study, published this week in The Lancet Public Health, found that by 2028, fewer than four women in every 100,000 could be diagnosed with cervical cancer annually in Australia – effectively eliminating the disease as a public health problem. And by 2066, the researchers say, less than one woman per year could receive that diagnosis.
"Australia is on track to become the first country to eliminate cervical cancer," said Karen Canfell, a cancer epidemiologist and the director of Cancer Research at Cancer Council NSW, the organisation which led the study. "I think this shows the way forward for other countries."
Australia's national health care system first introduced the vaccination program in 2007 as a cost-free three-dose course for teenage girls. In 2013, the program was expanded to school-age boys, who can carry and transmit the virus, and develop other forms of cancer. According to the Cancer Council Australia, the vaccination has led to a 77 percent reduction in the types of HPV most responsible for cervical cancer. Australia now has one of the lowest cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates in the world.
Researchers attributed the rapid decline in HPV to a combination of efficient government action – which saw the vaccination program implemented in schools nationwide – alongside screening programs for older women and widespread public support.
Canfell said that while the vaccination had played a crucial role, cervical screening had also been important in reducing rates of HPV in older adults who might have already been exposed to the cancer-causing virus. "If we only focused on vaccination," she said, "we wouldn't be able to address this issue for hundreds of millions of women."
Other countries have moved more slowly, partly because of a global anti-vaccination movement that has falsely claimed vaccines are linked to autism and illness.
While most developed countries have now implemented some form of the vaccination program, the path has been fraught, said Ian Frazer, a co-creator of the vaccine, Gardasil, and a professor of immunology at the University of Queensland. He attributed those problems to the challenges of implementing a vaccination program at a national level, and widespread misinformation regarding the risks of vaccines.
In Japan, for example, fear campaigns have helped cause the rate of HPV vaccinations to plummet from 70 percent to close to zero. And in the United States – where a 2017 survey showed that nearly half of people aged between 18 and 59 are infected with genital HPV – the rate of vaccinated teenagers is only 49 percent.
In the 2014/15 school year in Ireland, 87 per cent of girls aged 12-13 years received the vaccinations, though that figure dropped sharply to 50 per cent the following year, before rising again to 62 per cent in 2017. That increase only came about after the Irish Cancer Society warned that, statistically, at least 40 additional women would die as a result of the fall-off from 87 to 62 per cent – a drop caused at least partly, it said, by the spread of misinformation about the vaccine on social media. Boys in Ireland are not part of the vaccination scheme, though the Government has pledged to include boys from next year.
"It takes a lot of education to get there, it doesn't happen overnight," Frazer said. He added that even vaccinating half a population, however, could be enough to halt the spread of HPV enough to see significant declines in cancer rates.
But, he said, inequities in public health might mean these declines are concentrated in only certain parts of the population.
Globally, cervical cancer is still the world's fourth most common type of cancer in women, and an additional 570,000 cases are expected this year alone. The burden of disease is predominantly in low- and middle-income countries, many of which have yet to adopt their own HPV vaccination programs. In those countries, screening is doubly important, Canfell said.
But even in Australia, the researchers said that continued screening and vaccination would be crucial to maintaining low cancer incidence and mortality rates. "We are thrilled with this news, however, we don't want women to get complacent," said Leisa Ashton, a spokeswoman from the Australian Cervical Cancer Foundation.
Australians should feel lucky, added Ashton, that their government had recognised the merits of the vaccination.
– New York Times
Ian Frazer
Karen Canfell
Leisa Ashton
Australian Cervical Cancer Foundation
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National HIV Testing Day
Robert Beatty— June 21, 2012
Earvin "Magic" Johnson, who was diagnosed with the HIV virus in 1991, spoke at a news conference on Monday at the University of Miami's Life Science and Technology Park ushering in a new, comprehensive approach to treating underserved South Florida patients living with HIV/AIDS.
The University of Miami Miller School of Medicine has announced a partnership with Magic Johnson Enterprises and Clear Health Alliance (CHA), a Medicaid specialty plan offered by Simply Healthcare Plans, a minority owned and operated managed care plan.
Miami-Dade County ranks first in the nation for new AIDS cases per capita while Broward County ranks second and Palm Beach County ranks sixth. Florida ranks third in the nation in the number of persons living with HIV/AIDS.
Clear Health Alliance was created to provide high quality medical services to the growing HIV/AIDS population in South Florida, many of whom do not have access to care. A team of Miller School physicians is providing managed care focused on quality service, reducing transmission rates and maintaining the health of Medicaid patients living with HIV/AIDS.
"We need to educate the urban areas and underserved communities about HIV/AIDS, get them tested, get them to go back for their results, get them on a treatment program and then make sure they stay on the program and are compliant," said Johnson. "The best HIV/AIDS care in America is right here at the University of Miami through the coordinated services offered by Clear Health Alliance."
"The goal of our enterprise is to deliver a variety of services to ethnically diverse communities," Johnson said regarding his collaboration with the university and CHA.
"Aligning with Clear Health Alliance and doctors with the University of Miami will bring a comprehensive approach to caring for many Hispanics and African Americans affected by HIV/AIDS who, up until now, may have not had access to adequate care," Johnson said. "We understand these needs and know that this partnership will bring real solutions to the challenges facing these patients."
UNIVERSITY ROLE KEY
National recognition of the Miller School's expertise in the field came with UM's recent designation as a Center for AIDS Research by the National Institutes of Health, one of only 21 in the nation. The award brings nearly $7 million over five years to enhance research in HIV/AIDS.
"It is critical to move the needle in the AIDS epidemic," said Pascal Goldschmidt, senior vice president for Medical Affairs and dean of the Miller School and CEO of the University of Miami Health System.
"With therapies and prevention programs we continue to develop, and the support of organizations such as Clear Health and Magic Johnson Enterprises, we can foresee a time when we will stop the AIDS virus in its tracks."
Photo Courtesy of University of Miami
Next post 1,000 congregations called to HIV testing
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This all-natural Fever Tea can be taken orally or used in a bath to reduce fever.
By Kate Tietje and Bob Zajac, M.D.
From "Natural Remedies for Kids"
A quick and easy recipe to open pores and reduce fever naturally.
In "Natural Remedies For Kids" Kate Tietje and Bob Zajac, M.D. teach you proven natural remedies along with tips and hints on which remedies are best for which issues to help you clear common conditions like diaper rash, eczema, runny noses, coughs, upset stomachs, and more.
Natural Remedies For Kids (Fair Winds Press, 2015) by Kate Tietje and Bob Zajac, M.D is an easy-to-use illustrated reference guide for parents who are ready to take their families' health into their own hands by using more than 100 natural and herbal remedies to help common ailments at home.
When your child has a fever, you want to help him or her feel better, fast. This gentle, natural tea can help to reduce the fever, naturally, without interfering with the body's ability to fight off the illness.
Yarrow - Yarrow is the go-to herb for fevers. It helps to open pores so the body can release extra heat naturally.
Catnip - Catnip helps children relax and also increases sweating, which helps lower fevers.
Peppermint - Peppermint, too, helps to open pores and increase sweating, plus it has a pleasant taste that most children like. You may use spearmint instead, if you prefer.
• Try using a 1/2 cup of each herb instead to prepare an infusion and pour it into a warm bath for the child. This is a great solution for babies too young to drink this tea.
1. Boil 2 cups of water.
2. Place the herbs into a tea ball or fine strainer.
3. Once boiling, pour the water over the herbs and steep for 10 to 15 minutes.
4. Remove the herbs and discard.
5. Sweeten the tea lightly, if desired, and serve. This tea will keep 2 to 3 days in the fridge.
Dosing - Children can drink this tea freely until they feel better. Or give one infused bath, once or twice per day, until the fever goes away completely.
Contraindications - Do not give to children under 1 year of age in tea form; use it in a bath instead. Do not use with pregnant women. Nursing women may use it in bath form, or with the peppermint omitted.
Reprinted with permission from Natural Remedies For Kids by Kate Tietje and Bob Zajac, M.D. and published by Fair Winds Press, 2015.


Most nonprofits understand the value and importance of general liability insurance, especially given the litigious nature of our country. Unfortunately, the same can't always be said about Directors and Officers (D&O) insurance. The men and women who run nonprofit organizations are just as likely to face litigation as board members of for-profit corporations, but very few are actually protected against such an event. To protect yourself, your board members, and your organization from financial ruin, it's advisable to purchase D&O liability insurance from a company that provides insurance for nonprofits in NYC. This brief overview of D&O liability insurance will help you get started as you shop around for a policy that fits your needs.
All D&O liability insurance policies cover directors, officers, and possible a few key, high-level employees. When purchasing D&O liability insurance, you'll need to choose the right type of coverage to meet your organization's specific insurance needs. A-Side Coverage provides defense costs and liability to directors and officers in the event of a lawsuit. B-Side Coverage reimburses a nonprofit the money paid to satisfy indemnification claims made against your nonprofit. C-Side Coverage, or Entity Coverage, provides insurance for the nonprofit entity as a whole for any wrongful acts or misdoing that results in litigation.
To make sure your nonprofit organization is protected from threats on all sides, it's important that you are aware of what's not included in D&O liability insurance as much as you are aware of what is included. For example, many D&O policies exclude employment-related claims and non-pecuniary actions, so your organization will need to purchase separate insurance policies if there is a real concern about these and other types of excluded actions. Your nonprofit insurance broker or agent can help you customize a full set of policies, including D&O liability insurance and general liability insurance, to protect yourself and organization from financial ruin.


Here is video of Rush Limbaugh today talking about what he calls a "monumental story." Rush talks about the fact that Obama's White House is already "throwing under the bus" Democrat candidate for Virginia Governor Creigh Deeds. He is trailing by double-digits less than two weeks before the November 4 election.
Limbaugh said Obama is showing his colors to Democrats, that Obama will not stand by his candidates when they are polling badly. In fact, Limbaugh called the leaks published in the Washington Post a "political assassination of a Democrat Candidate before the election."
I Will bet that Paul will come and comment on this post and post the same uninformed lies he's been posting on the others, which all say the same things.
Paul get a life and get informed stop listening to MSNBC, CNN, ABC, CBS, NBC, or any leftist news.
Start watching Fox news, Glenn Beck, Sean Hannity and actually listen to Rush Limbaugh on the radio for hours a week. People who actually listen to him knows he is not a racist and has never said those things that you repeat the lies from the left.
I think if Paul comes here to comment he has got a point to comment.So why shouldn't he?
Well he posts the same comment he has said everytime.


If you are trading internationally export packing is a critical factor, if your cargo is not packed using the correct materials that are required by its destination, delays are inevitable with fumigation or even confiscation of your shipment if the wrong packaging has been used.
Viking Shipping utilises our specially trained packers and the specialist packing facilities we have available to us to pack your products using tanilised timber, heat treated timber or timer fumigated with Methyl Bromide which also complies with the latest Chinese regulations. Our specialist facilities also accommodate dangerous goods which incorporates decanting of liquids, checking of consignments and issuance of the correct dangerous goods paperwork.


Under the Civic Government (Scotland) Act 1982, Fife Council has the responsibilty for naming streets and numbering buildings.
New street names are agreed by a committee of elected members, following consultation with developers, councillors and community groups.
Transportation Services are responsible for any street nameplate issues. Please notify us of any problems by using the online Report a Road Fault form.


text:
jaybrandriet.com
HAS ALEX SMITH LIVED UP TO A NUMBER ONE PICK?
Jay C. Brandriet
In November of 2018, Alex Smith suffered one of the most horrific injuries in the history of the NFL.
This excerpt from a May 2020 article on Yahoo/Sports says it all.
According to Smith's wife Elizabeth, Washington's team physician Robin West told her: "Elizabeth. we're doing the best we can. Right now our first priority is we are going to save his life. And then we're going to do our best to save his leg. And anything beyond that is a miracle."
Smith had 17 surgeries in nine months.
Alex didn't just live, he's played in three NFL games in the Fall of 2020.
He wanted to give his children the message of not quitting.
If I ever had a tie to Alex Smith, it's that he used to play college football down the street from my house. He was a stud by the way.
Alex gave steady play a cool factor. He was super brainy and athletic.
His University of Utah team went undefeated in 2004.
In the 2005 NFL draft, Smith was chosen first overall by the San Francisco 49ers. That was 23 spots higher than Aaron Rodgers.
Any first overall selection, lives under the burden of large expectations.
A lot of his time in San Francisco was average. This included his performance, and the results on the scoreboard. I recall the offensive coordinators coming and going at a high rate.
Smith evolved nicely in Kansas City with the Chiefs.
He played in three Pro Bowls and made a name for himself.
My favorite Smith stat? He has 14 touchdowns and 2 interceptions in his playoff career.
Though successful, and a tough quarterback to face, Alex never sniffed being a superstar.
When Dak Prescott was a rookie, his conservative style reminded me of someone. I said about Dak, "he's the king of careful. He reminds me of an Alex Smith with more upside."
At the peak of his abilities I remember Tony Abbott calling Smith, "the perfect backup QB."
There's a former pro basketball player named Joe Smith. He was the first overall pick in the 1995 NBA draft.
Joe was as willing to sacrifice his body and take a charge more than most. He became a terrific role player.
He was never close to an All-Star, but his gritty nature assured he was never a bust.
More than just the same last name, I used to think of Alex and Joe in a similar light.
Today, I'd call Alex a clearly better, more famous Joe Smith.
He actually has.
He's scrapped with the best, won games, and has now created a memorable niche.
The mere fact this man is playing football right now is hard to comprehend.
When you climb the ladder Smith did to come back?
You're going down as something.
You're going down as a miracle.
Posted in FeaturedTagged Alex Smith, Dak Prescott, Elizabeth Smith, Joe Smith, Kansas City Chiefs, NFL, Robin West, San Francisco 49ers, Tony Abbott, University of UtahBy Jay BrandrietLeave a comment
← THE TWO LOUDEST JORDAN STATS I'VE EVER HEARD
BYU GOT WHAT THEY REALLY WANTED →
Michael Jordan/GOAT
HOW MUCH CAN I REALLY ASK OF THESE DALLAS COWBOYS?
THE NBA G.O.A.T. DEBATE ACTUALLY BEGINS THIS WINTER
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MY UNCLE, RON KELLER
BILL RUSSELL: THE QUIET G.O.A.T.
Follow jaybrandriet.com on WordPress.com


text:
Q: procedure to insert into tabl I am trying to insert values into status table using the following procedure. I'm getting compilation errors. Can anyone please explain the problem to me?
SQL> create or replace procedure statusupdate(ptid in train.tid%type,pdate in da
te)
 2  is
 3  pseats train.totalseats%type;
 4  begin
 5  select totalseats into pseats from train where tid=ptid;
 6  insert into status values(ptid,pdate,pseat);
 7  exception
 8  dbms_output.put_line('something wrong...ERROR!');
 9  end;
 10  /

Warning: Procedure created with compilation errors.

A: create or replace procedure statusupdate(ptid in train.tid%type, pdate in date)
is
  pseats train.totalseats%type;
begin
  select totalseats into pseats from train where tid = ptid;
  insert into status values(ptid, pdate, pseats);
  exception when others then
    dbms_output.put_line('something wrong...ERROR!');
end;

Errors I found in your version:
Line 6: wrong name "pseat"
Line 7: wrong syntax of "exception catching" block. You have to tell Oracle which exceptions you want to handle in with a WHEN clause

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
About TFI
Selected Start-Ups
Designing financial robo-advisers that appeal to people who need them
by Caterina Giannetti, Davide Bacciu, Paolo Crosetto, Alexia Gaudeul, Lorenzo Cominelli, Paolo Pin
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in robots is an exciting, promising but also slightly frightening area of research. Already, increasingly clever applications help us manage time, make decisions and keep commitments to ourselves and others.
New technologies are also revolutionizing the way we seek and receive advice. For example, applications using AI help consumers correct their eating habits (think of the Weight Watchers app), find a suitable partner (through Tinder, for instance) and adjust their sports training strategies (like the Nike+ running app).
AI in the financial world
AI is shaking up the field of financial advice, where robo-advisers increasingly provide automated and personalized portfolio management.1 Robo-advisers can help people correct for the impact of irrational factors in their decisions. They are particularly attractive because of their low costs, permanent availability and user-friendly interfaces. Robo-advisers also hold the potential to reduce moral hazard problems in the relation between adviser and investor, as they can be designed to unambiguously serve the interests of the investor rather than those of the adviser.2
Existing research suggests that individuals are much more likely to be willing to invest in risky assets if they can obtain financial advice. This is particularly important for investors with little financial knowledge, and for those who are less wealthy, without the luxury of being able to focus on the long term. Only rarely do these investors take advantage of the possibility of earning money by investing some of their wealth.3
Battling the disposition effect
In our project, we set up a series of field experiments to research how robo-advisers can be used to help investors commit to rational investment strategies. We invite our participants to trade on artificial stock markets, accessible through their smartphones, over a period of one month. In the first 15 days, participants trade without a robo-adviser; whereas afterwards, they receive robo-advice on how to trade. Participants are rewarded depending on how well they perform.
The issue we focus on is the disposition effect, which reduces how well people trade financial assets. It is one of the most robust biases found in research literature: stocks that go up are sold too early, and those that go down are sold too late.. Investors subject to the disposition effect may paradoxically attain better outcomes by reducing their own freedom of action. In other words: by committing to trade less often.
Committing our participants
In order to reduce this disposition effect, we give our participants access to a commitment device: an application that gives them trading advice and information. It offers them a way to commit themselves to a particular course of action, helping them to stick to the decisions they made. They may, for instance, commit not to trade for a while and merely observe the evolution of price.
However, investors may not be convinced right away that they actually need a commitment device like the one we are testing. The main objective of our study is to design robo-advisers that are not only good at improving people's decisions, but that are also likely to be adopted by those who need them most. This is why various participants are exposed to various levels of commitment: some are not allowed to trade at all, others need to pay each time they trade. Some get reminders, others don't. Which group will do best? We are hoping to find out soon.
1Kaya, O., Schildbach, J., AG, D. B., Schneider, S. (2017). Robo-advice–a true innovation in asset management. Deutsche Bank Research.
2D'Acunto, F., Prabhala, N., Rossi, A. (2018). The promises and pitfalls of robo-advising. Review of Financial Studies.
3Carlin, B., Olafsson, A., & Pagel, M. (2018). FinTech and Consumer Well-Being in the Information Age. Disclosure.
Caterina Giannetti is Assistant Professor at the Department of Economics, University of Pisa, Italy.
Davide Bacciu is Assistant Professor at the Computer Science Department, University of Pisa, Italy.
Lorenzo Cominelli is Biomedical Engineer and Post-Doctoral Researcher in AI for Social Humanoids, Centro Piaggio, Department of Engineering, University of Pisa.
Paolo Crosetto is Researcher (Chargé de Recherche, CR) at INRA, the French National Institute for Agricultural Research, France.
Alexia Gaudeul is Research Associate and Chair of Behavioral Development Economics, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Germany.
Paolo Pin is Associate Professor at the Department of Decision Sciences, Bocconi University, Italy.
Saving for a rainy day – and managing other unexpected shocks
by Dilek Önkal, Wasim Ahmed & Shari de Baets
Follow the initiative on:
info@thinkforwardinitiative.com
Think Forward Initiative © Privacy statement
The Think Forward Initiative (TFI) has achieved key milestones in fulfilling its purpose. Consequently, as of 1st December 2021, the initiative will be discontinued. TFI has supported almost 60 research projects and reached more than 100 million people in 18 countries around the globe with insights to help them make better financial decisions. The partners are very proud of the achieved results. The TFI partners will either further embed financial health activities directly into their core business or continue supporting these activities through the execution of their core business. The initiative has been enabled through a multi-partner structure with ING, Deloitte, CEPR, Amazon Web Services (AWS) and IBM. The partnership has been supported by a network of researchers, policy makers, entrepreneurs, consumer advocates, NGO's, innovators, corporates and influencers who share TFI's aim to help empower people financially. TFI was started in 2016 because the need was felt to take a front running role in emphasing the Financial Health challenge and to increase our roles as part of the solution. TFI's purpose has been to empower people to make better financial decisions to ultimately improve their overall financial health. All outstanding commitments towards partners will be fulfilled. This means that research projects that were planned to run beyond the 1st of December will continue as planned. TFI will oversee the quality and delivery of the research reports until the second half of 2022 and share final reports with the TFI community. All research reports will remain accessible on this website. A new landing spot will be announced in due course. If you would like to know more about the future plans of the partners regarding financial health please contact them directly or you can consult their company website. The partners would like to thank everyone who has pioneered with us in exploring new ways to empower people to make better financial decisions.
Statement 18 november


text:
yog-view
===========

An express.js middleware for optimizing the order of js\css output, and enabling render template in bigpipe mode.

## Notice

yog-view 0.0.x is compatible with [yog](https://github.com/fex-team/yogurt)

yog-view 0.1.x is compatible with [yog2](https://github.com/fex-team/yog2)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
HomePolitics
Igbos will kneel, beg for presidency in 2023 – Ezeife
A former Governor of Anambra State, Chukwuemeka Ezeife, has said that the South-East was ready to kneel down, even prostrate and beg in order to get the opportunity to become Nigeria's President in 2023.
Ezeife said this at the United for Better Nigeria Initiative National Convention in Abuja on Saturday.
The elder statesman said it was the right time for Ndigbo to produce the next President of the country.
He, however, pointed out that Presidency is not given to anyone but people have to work and show that they really merit the position.
Ezeife noted that one of the ways to put a South Easterner in power come 2023 was for the region to swallow its pride and start begging every other region for the presidential seat.
"So I found Hausa, Yoruba, Igbo and other groups in this place talking about the need for federal character. If you do it that way, there will be unity, if there is fairness, equity, justice, you will have unity and progress," he said.
"In the absence of those, you see where we are now. It is not a matter of to give us president, we don't give, you have to work for it, the Igbo does not prostrate.
"The Igbo man does not kneel down but this time, we are prepared to kneel down to every part of Nigeria, every group, every ethnic group in Nigeria, we are prepared to even prostrate because we believe in this country."
Chukwuemeka Ezeife
Jailbreak: Aregbesola orders 'shoot to kill'
Why 2023 is CRITICAL for Nigeria
Like PM Johnson, Labour's Keir Starmer under fire over 'beer with friends'


text:
Louisiana has $130M left over from last year
Surplus tied to corporate tax collections, economist says
Updated: 11:27 AM CDT Sep 20, 2012
The Legislature's chief economist says Louisiana closed the last fiscal year with a surplus of $130 million.Greg Albrecht gave the news to the state income forecasting panel, the Revenue Estimating Conference, on Thursday.Albrecht says the better-than-expected financial performance for the budget year that ended June 30 was largely tied to corporate tax collections, which were significantly higher than forecast.Opinions differ on how the money can be spent.Commissioner of Administration Paul Rainwater, the governor's chief budget adviser, wants to use the money to fill a Medicaid shortfall.But House Appropriations Committee Chairman Jim Fannin says law requires the first draw on leftover cash must be used to repay withdrawals from the state's "rainy day" fund.
BATON ROUGE, La. —
The Legislature's chief economist says Louisiana closed the last fiscal year with a surplus of $130 million.
Greg Albrecht gave the news to the state income forecasting panel, the Revenue Estimating Conference, on Thursday.
Albrecht says the better-than-expected financial performance for the budget year that ended June 30 was largely tied to corporate tax collections, which were significantly higher than forecast.
Opinions differ on how the money can be spent.
Commissioner of Administration Paul Rainwater, the governor's chief budget adviser, wants to use the money to fill a Medicaid shortfall.
But House Appropriations Committee Chairman Jim Fannin says law requires the first draw on leftover cash must be used to repay withdrawals from the state's "rainy day" fund.


Hope all of you had a wonderful Christmas day filled with loads of fun & yummy food.This year i had a low key Christmas due to recent death of a family member & few personal issues. This is what i prepared for Christmas lunch: BBQ spare ribs!!!
This is a quick & foolproof recipe using just a few ingredients. If any of you're interested in the recipe let me know; will post it.