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Simmons scores 34 in triple-double, carries 76ers past Nets
By BRIAN MAHONEY
NEW YORK - Ben Simmons was chosen Monday as the Eastern Conference player of the week for the way he performed last week.
Then he got a sensational start on winning the next week's award, too.
Simmons tied a career high with 34 points and added 12 rebounds and 12 assists, carrying the Philadelphia 76ers to a 117-111 victory over the Brooklyn Nets.
"I mean, Ben Simmons was ridiculously dominant tonight," 76ers coach Brett Brown said.
A point guard by skill but at 6-foot-10 a big man in size, Simmons played all over the floor for a 76ers team missing All-Star center Joel Embiid. The Nets tried guarding him with big men but that didn't work — though nothing may have the way he played.
"I just came in with that mindset to win," Simmons said. "I know it's going to be tough every time we play teams like this."
Simmons shot 12 for 14 from the field in his career-best fifth straight game with 20 or more points, finishing with his fourth triple-double of the season. The NBA leader in steals had five of them.
"Just his determination," Brown said when asked what impressed him most about Simmons' performance. "Like, there was a determination, there was a spirit, there was a committed performance offensively and defensively that he just wasn't going to let the team lose."
Al Horford added 19 points for the 76ers, who won their fourth consecutive game. Tobias Harris and Josh Richardson each scored 15.
Spencer Dinwiddie scored 22 points for the Nets, who played without Kyrie Irving because of hamstring tightness and lost their fourth straight. Caris LeVert had 16 points and rookie Nicolas Claxton added a career-best 15, but the Nets hurt themselves with 10 turnovers in the fourth quarter.
"Towards the end, we couldn't hold onto the ball. It wasn't anybody in particular, literally everybody was turning it over," center Jarrett Allen said.
The Nets led 91-82 on Claxton's follow dunk with 1:41 left in the third, but the Sixers scored the final eight points of the period. Simmons got the last six, including two free throws after he was flagrantly fouled by Claxton, who fell hard onto the court.
Simmons scored again to open the fourth and give Philadelphia a 92-91 lead, which grew to 97-91 when Raul Neto capped its 15-0 run with a 3-pointer.
Philadelphia extended the lead to 105-96 on a basket by Simmons before the Nets scored eight straight while the 76ers went scoreless for nearly five minutes. Horford finally ended that drought when Simmons found him for a 3-pointer and a 108-104 edge with 1:22 to play, and Furkan Korkmaz hit another 3 to put them up five with 23 seconds remaining.
The Nets committed 22 turnovers and shot 64.7% on free throws while losing for the 11th time in 13 games.
"I think they ended up having 13 more shots than us, which is not going to work against a really good team," Nets coach Kenny Atkinson said.
Claxton is a second-round pick getting extended minutes after backup center DeAndre Jordan suffered a finger injury. Claxton scored 14 points Saturday in a loss to Milwaukee, then went 5 for 5 for 13 points in nine first-half minutes Monday as Brooklyn took a 68-64 lead.
76ers: Simmons averaged 21.3 points, 9.5 rebounds and 7.3 assists last week. The 76ers went 3-1. The Sixers learned of his weekly award during the game. "I would have given him that just for the second half of this game," Brown said. ... Brown said there was no update on Embiid's recovery from surgery on a torn ligament in his left hand.
Nets: The Nets got starters Joe Harris and Garrett Temple back from injuries. Harris scored 12 points. ... Allen had 13 points and 13 rebounds, while Taurean Prince had 12 points and 12 boards.
AWARD-WINNING SIXERS
Richardson won the Eastern Conference award the week before Simmons. That was the first time two different 76ers won the award in back-to-back weeks since Aaron McKie and Iverson did it in 2000-01. Iverson won it consecutively in the 2002-03 season.
IRVING UPDATE
Irving was feeling soreness Sunday and then was checked again Monday before Brooklyn decided he wouldn't play. Atkinson said the Nets were choosing to be cautious with Irving because they didn't want to risk losing him for the long term. The All-Star point guard missed 26 games with a right shoulder injury before returning on Jan. 12 against Atlanta.
76ers: Visit Toronto on Wednesday.
Nets: Host the Los Angeles Lakers on Thursday.
More AP NBA:
Police: Man wanted for sexual assault of minor in Falls Township
Philadelphia police release surveillance video of suspects wanted in Brewerytown homicide
'Everybody loved him': Vigil held remembering Temple grad shot, killed while walking dog in Brewerytown
Philly restaurant icon, owner of Ms. Tootsie's passes away at 57
Philadelphia restaurants battered by pandemic gleefully welcome diners back inside
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text:
WAEC: We Don't Re-Issue Lost WASSCE Certificates
Olusegun Modified: 17th June, 2019 www.
West African Examinations Council (WAEC) do not issue certificates twice. People in possession of the West African Senior School Certificates Examination (WASSCE) certificates are advised to guard them well.
The West African Examinations Council (WAEC) on Sunday advised people in possession of its certificates to guard them well, saying it will not re-issue on account of misplacement, fire, flood or theft.
The council's Head of National Office, Mr Olu Adenipekun, gave the advice in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) in Lagos.
Adenipekun said the advice was necessary as lots of people have been approaching the council at various times for a re-issue of the lost certificates.
"Let me make it clear that in the real sense of it, our certificates are issued only once, irrespective of who is involved or the circumstance that led to the misplacement, and that remains the truth of the matter.
"We do not issue our West African Senior School Certificates Examination (WASSCE) twice.
"But, if we have such cases of theft, fire, flood and others, as it concerns these certificates, yes, in reaction to our operational environment, we can consider the issuance of an 'attestation certificate.
"About five years ago, the council, that is, the highest governing body met and took a decision on this, stressing that there is no test body that issues two of its certificates to a single candidate in one examination.
"But, if a candidate should experience such losses through fire, flood or theft and can provide all the necessary proofs required to that effect, that will show such things actually happened to his or her certificate, there are certain steps such candidates are expected to take before approaching the council for further action," he said.
The WAEC chief explained that after all such processes had been satisfactorily concluded then, the council would consider the issuance of "Attestation Certificate".
"It is this certificate that we give out, and not re-issuance of another certificate.
"This is what we have been doing for the past five years now.
"We have many Nigerians who have benefitted from this, because it is like a replacement of the real certificate.
"These people who have benefitted from this come from all the stratum of the society," Adenipekun said.
According to him, in an effort to reduce the incidence of certificates loss and protection, the council in Nigeria, four years ago introduced what it called certificate cover.
He explained that one of the ways candidates or perons get their certificates destroyed was majorly in an attempt to laminate them.
"It has been discovered that quite a large number of people rush off to business centres immediately after collecting their WASSCE certificates, and in an attempt to get them laminated, they are destroyed in the process," he said.
Adenipekun said that the council's non-sticky certificate covers were unique and protective, even if when submerged in water.
He added that these were parts of the innovations the council introduced over the years in an attempt to serve the public well. (NAN)
Tagged With:www.waecdirect.org | West African Examinations Council : WAEC
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Comment Text*I like to join this program
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text:
UA heads multi-million dollar water conservation project
letters@wildcat.arizona.edu
In response to the country's depleting water supply, a $16-million government grant will allow the UA to lead research designed to instigate nationwide conservation.
The National Science Foundation chose the University of Arizona as the primary institution in a multi-university center that will develop ways to manage water resources in semi-arid regions.
"We took the lead and invited a few others to be involved with us," said UA hydrology and water resource professor Soroosh Sorooshian, who will head the project.
Universities in New Mexico, Southern California and Arizona, along with government institutions, will participate in the research at the new National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center.
The NSF received more than 280 proposals with ideas for new centers. Of those, five were selected as science and technology centers and granted a total of $94 million.
"The thing we should be proud of is that we were picked," Sorooshian said.
The foundation granted the project to the UA because of its desert environment which demands water conservation research, he said.
"A lot of people work on the water resource issue in the southwest United States," Sorooshian said.
Roger Bales, a UA hydrology and water resource professor, said the university's hydrology department is rated the best in the nation.
"Water is in very short supply," he said.
The center will focus on how to use water, improve its quality and manage the water resource system.
The center's goal is to better understand the water cycle so as to predict the future, Sorooshian said.
Students will be involved in all levels of the research, and graduate students will conduct much of the research at the center, Bales said. Undergraduates will also be involved through internships, he added.
Programs will be developed for K-12 students and undergraduates to increase knowledge of water resources. About 10 to 20 percent of the budget will go to education programs, Bales said.
The $16 million funding will last five years, and research begins in November, Bales said. The center will be reviewed for additional funding after the initial five years.
The researchers plan to give water resource management in the Southwest any useful information they discover. The Salt River Project in Arizona will be one of many management programs involved with the center.
"We are the primary institution," Sorooshian said. "A lot of people will be coming down here."
Four other centers around the country will study issues from miniature biotechnology and adaptive optics to behavioral neuroscience.


text:
Argentina Holidays
Take the family on a very special trip.
Argentina is a great destination for a honeymoon with a difference.
Touring Argentina
Argentina Explorer
A comprehensive and hugely enjoyable 'grand tour' of Argentina.
Waterfalls, Desert & Wine
Iguazu Falls and the deserts and vineyards of northwest Argentina.
Just a Week in Buenos Aires
Seven days in and around Latin America's most seductive city.
Wildlife in Argentina
Iguazu, Ibera Wetlands & Patagonian Steppe
Wildlife extremes from Patagonia to the Ibera wetlands and Iguazu Falls.
Touring Argentina & Chile
Coast to Coast across Argentina and Chile
Iguazu Falls via Buenos Aires to Mendoza, across the Andes to Santiago in Chile, then north to the Atacama desert.
Andean Circle
Exploring the Patagonian Andes: circling into Chile by Andean lakes to Santiago then over Andean passes to Mendoza.
Traditions, Food & Wine
Tuck in to world-class wines, beautiful scenery, exciting cities and romantic traditions.
Selfdrive Argentina
Ruta 40 from Mendoza to Salta
Vineyards, lagoons, dramatic rock formations and magnificent sweeping views on Argentina's classic road.
Selfdrive the Argentine lake district
A short self-drive trip through fabulous Lake District scenery to include in a longer holiday.
Northwest Argentina selfdrive
Selfdrive touring through high deserts and salt pans, via valleys of cacti to fine vineyards.
Southern Patagonia
Patagonia Explorer with Fjord Cruise
Santiago and vineyards, Torres del Paine NP, cruise fjords and glaciers, Buenos Aires & gaucho estancia.
Selfdrive in Chilean Patagonia
Selfdrive touring in two very different parts of Chilean Patagonia: the scenic Lake District and the awe-inspiring deep south.
The Wildlife of Patagonia
Wildlife, whales, birds, landscapes and culture in Argentina and Chile. Mountains, glaciers, culture and wine. Perfect!
Multi-active Chilean Patagonia
Day walks, bike rides, and more in Chile's Lake District and Torres del Paine.
The W Trek
Torres del Paine's classic trekking route.
Day Walks in Southern Patagonia
Spectacular walking in unforgettable landscapes, comfortable lodges with good food, and two vibrant cities.
Argentina's beguiling capital, one of the world's great cities.
Iguazu & Missiones
Thundering waterfalls, and the teeming wetlands of South America's 'Mesopotamia'.
Salta & the Northwest
High deserts, dramatic moonscapes, above burgeoning new wine regions.
The heart of Malbec, in gorgeous landscapes. Great food, great wine, great people.
Stunning scenery of lakes and mountains. Touring, walking, boating, skiing.
Ever more impressive mountains, dramatic glaciers, true wilderness.
South Patagonia
The further south one ventures, the more profound the feeling of remoteness.
This is a region of diverse topography: from the wind-swept Welsh villages along the hostile Atlantic seaboard, to Los Glaciares National Park with its granite peaks and vast glaciers, the climate is hostile and austere yet also beguiling.
Valdés Peninsula
Jutting out into the South Atlantic Ocean is the Valdés Peninsula, a barren landscape speckled with salt lakes. So prolific is the wildlife that it was awarded UNESCO World Heritage site in 1999. Between late June and early December scores of peaceful Southern right whales cavort and breed within easy sight from land and colonies of elephant seals and sea lions jostle for space on rocks. The seas are also home to a pod of orcas who have developed a sophisticated hunting technique that has been passed down from generation to generation . The best time to witness this is between February and April when there are large amount of doomed sea lion pups playing in the surf. Marooned on the isthmus' north side, Isla de los Pájaros is a seabird reserve and home to 10 different seabird species. Although closed to visitors, the island is close enough to view from the shore. Between November - April an hour south of Puerto Madryn is the nesting ground for a colony of the diminutive Magellanic penguin. The colony is one of the largest continental penguin colonies in the world and, at its peak, can number up to one million penguins.
The Welsh Heartland
In 1865, having set sail from Liverpool, the Mimosa landed in Southern Patagonia carrying on board 200 Welsh settlers. Against the odds the colony survived and today the region is dotted with frontier settlements and the windswept plains of arid scrub are divided up between huge sheep farming estancias. Puerto Madryn was where the Welsh first landed but was not developed until later following the arrival of the railway. Today it is a busy town and a good spot from where to explore the area. The centre for all things Welsh is Gaiman, a picturesque village slightly inland and an hour from Puerto Madryn. Thanks to a recent a renaissance, Welsh is just as likely to be spoken as Spanish and the famous Welsh teas of torta negra, a type of Welsh fruitcake, are still served. Trelew is the gateway to the region with a small airport with flights from Buenos Aires.
Drawn by the same remoteness that draws visitors today and escaping the law, the famous American bandits bought a ranch in Cholila, three hours south of Bariloche along the infamous Ruta 40 road.
Los Glaciares National Park
No dream will prepare you for the sights or sounds of the Los Glaciares National Park. The park covers an immense area and counts 13 glaciers amongst its roll call of honour of which, the most famous is Perito Moreno. Standing at 60m high, the glacier flows down from the ice-field like a frozen river bridging two sides of mountainous land. This frozen serrated mass of crevasses glows with colours: pure white, soft grey, aquamarine and a blue that has no name, it's the fluorescent turquoise that can only be found on the Perito Moreno. Every so often you hear the ice let out a mournful groan as an ice shaft shatters and crashes into the waters of Lago Argentino below. Curiously, in an age of global warming, Perito Moreno is an oddity: it is growing. In the northern section of the national park, lies the Fitz Roy Massif, a jagged cluster of astonishingly beautiful peaks. Rising out of the centre of the massif is Monte Fitz Roy a carved peak of sharp angles. Known to the indigenous tribe as "The Mountain that Smokes" thanks to the wisp of cloud that lingers around its summit, in the early morning light, the granite face is bathed in a soft pink glow. This region is hardy trekking country and there are some serious hikes with beautiful vistas to be experienced.
For excursions around the southern half of the national park, your base will be El Calafate, a town which has experienced a dramatic increase in tourism in recent years. There are a number of good accommodation options in town or around the surrounding countryside on traditional sheep farming estancias. For the serious hikers looking to conquer the tough terrain of the Fitz Roy Massif, your base will be the northern town of El Chaltén.
Start planning your trip to Argentina
Let us know what kind of trip to Argentina you are most interested in, and when you are thinking of travelling. Our travel experts know Argentina extremely well, and will be delighted to offer some initial ideas and advice, and to develop a more detailed design for your holiday as your ideas evolve.
Holiday designs that visit Argentina's southern Patagonia
'The Wildlife of Patagonia'
Argentina - Touring and wildlife
Wildlife, birds, landscapes and culture in Argentina and Chile. Remote Patagonian ranches. The marine life of Tierra del Fuego. Condors and spectacular mountainscapes of Torres del Paine. Culture and wine in Santiago and Valparaiso.
'Argentina Explorer'
A 'grand tour' of Argentina, from Iguazu Falls to the deserts and wines of the northwest, through Patagonia to Tierra del Fuego. There's time in Buenos Aires too, and a stay at a gaucho ranch.
'Andean Circle'
From Argentina's dramatic Perito Moreno, across the Lake District to Santiago to sample Chilean wine and then to the home of the Argentine Malbec, Mendoza.
'Day Walks in Southern Patagonia'
Chile - Walking and active
Jaw-droppingly good day-walks in Argentina and Chile in Patagonia's spectacular scenery. Stretch your legs. Get fit. Enjoy a good dinner and a great night's sleep in a comfortable bed.
Argentina - Walking and active
The further south one ventures, the more profound is the feeling of remoteness in this vast corner of the world. This itinerary takes you from Argentina across the Andes and then up to Santiago.
Argentina holiday search
Other parts of Argentina


text:
Sodium chlorite
Currently viewing: S-01 | Summary001 Weight of evidence | Experimental result002 Weight of evidence | Experimental result003 Weight of evidence | Experimental result
Referenceopen allclose all
Study type:
direct photolysis
Rates of reaction and product formation were measured in photodecomposition experiments of aqueous sodium chlorite at 253.7 nm in a reactor that was continuously sparged with nitrogen to remove chlorine dioxide.
Analytical method:
other: a gas absorption system
Buffers:
The rate of photodecomposition of sodium chlorite was studied over a pH range of 4-10 and at unbuffered conditions.
other: low-pressure mercury lamps
Light spectrum: wavelength in nm:
Details on test conditions:
The reactor was continuously sparged with nitrogen to remove chlorine dioxide.
Initial conc. measured:
0.1 mol/L
Reference substance:
Dark controls:
Transformation products:
Details on results:
Rapidly removing chlorine dioxide greatly reduced the formation of chlorate.
The results of this work suggest that chlorate is not formed by direct decomposition of chlorite, but rather by decomposition of chlorine dioxide.
The results are consistent with the stoichiometry, 3 ClO2- + H20 (+hv) --> Cl- + 2 ClO2 + 2 OH- + 0.5 O2.Distribution of major products was not affected by pH; rates of reaction and chlorine dioxide formation were maximum at pH 6.For the former reaction, the values were 0.44 at 253.7 nm and 1.4 at 300 nm. For the latter reaction, the values at 253.7 nm ranged from 0.72 to 1.53, depending upon pH. Corresponding quantum yields for formation of chlorine dioxide ranged from 0.43 to 0.94, depending upon pH.
The rate of photodecomposition of sodium chlorite was studied over a pH range of 4-10 and at unbuffered conditions. Distribution of major products was not affected by pH; rates of reaction and chlorine dioxide formation were maximum at pH 6. Quantum yields were measured for both photodecomposition of chlorine dioxide and sodium chlorite. For the former reaction, the values were 0.44 at 253.7 nm and 1.4 at 300 nm. For the latter reaction, the values at 253.7 nm ranged from 0.72 to 1.53, depending upon pH. Corresponding quantum yields for formation of chlorine dioxide ranged from 0.43 to 0.94, depending upon pH.
Rapidly removing chlorine dioxide greatly reduced the formation of chlorate. The results of this work suggest that chlorate is not formed by direct decomposition of chlorite, but rather by decomposition of chlorine dioxide. The results are consistent with the stoichiometry, 3 ClO2- + H2O (+hv) --> Cl- + 2 ClO2 + 2 OH- + 0.5 O2.
The aim of this work was to study the photodecomposition of aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite in u.v. reactors equipped with low pressure mercury vapour lamps in order to show the effects of pH and of the initial concentrations on the nature of photoproducts and on the rate of photodecomposition of this substance. This report presents the data obtained for the identification of photoproducts.
high-performance liquid chromatography
other: colorimetric methods... (see attached file)
other: mercury discharge lamp
Details on light source:
The two u.v. light sources mainly emit a monochromatic radiation at 253.7 nm (70% of the total photonic flux), and the radiations emitted at wavelengths higher than 253.7 nm are not negligible.
Solutions of sodium chlorite were prepared in phosphate buffered ultra-pure water and irradiated at 20 ºC, in two cylindrical photochemical reactors equipped with a low pressure mercury vapour lamp.
DT50:
Test condition:
A steady increase in pH (pH 8 to 12.6)
Major products identified as hydroxide, chlorine dioxide and chloride with chlorate and hypochlorite as minor products and trace amounts of chlorine.
Irradiation of sodium chlorite solutions indicated a photodegradation half-life of about 30 minutes with a steady increase in pH (pH 8 to 12.6) and major products identified as hydroxide, chlorine dioxide and chloride with chlorate and hypochlorite as minor products and trace amounts of chlorine.
Solutions of sodium chlorite were prepared in phosphate buffered ultra-pure water and irradiated at 20 ºC, in two cylindrical photochemical reactors equipped with a low pressure mercury vapour lamp. The two u.v. light sources mainly emit a monochromatic radiation at 253.7 nm (70% of the total photonic flux), and the radiations emitted at wavelengths higher than 253.7 nm are not negligible. The concentrations of the initial compounds or of the photodecomposition by-products were determined by using colorimetric methods (chlorine dioxide, chlorine, dissolved ozone), high performance liquid chromatography (chlorite, chloride and chlorate ions), a polarographic cell (dissolved oxygen) or a total organic halogen analyser (total chlorine content; TOCl).
The decomposition of sodium chlorite by u.v. radiation leads to the production of chlorate, chloride and oxygen as end-products via complex reactions which are initiated by the products generated by the primary reactions of photolysis. The aim of this work was to study the kinetics of photodecomposition of sodium chlorite by u.v. irradiation.
The results obtained show that the pH and the initial concentration of sodium chlorite have no significant effect on the rate of photodecomposition of chlorite. These results also indicate that the radiation dose (9000 j/m2) needed to produce a 50% reduction in chlorite concentration suggests that the doses (200-250 j/m2) used for drinking water disinfection would not result in a significant reduction in chlorite concentrations.
Published data:
The decomposition of sodium chlorite by u.v. radiation leads to the production of chlorate, chloride and oxygen as end-products via complex reactions which are initiated by the products generated by the primary reactions of photolysis. Irradiation of sodium chlorite solutions indicated a photodegradation half-life of about 30 minutes with a steady increase in pH (pH 8 to 12.6) and major products identified as hydroxide, chlorine dioxide and chloride with chlorate and hypochlorite as minor products and trace amounts of chlorine.
The photodecomposition of aqueous solutions of sodium chlorite was studied in u.v. reactors equipped with low pressure mercury vapour lamps in order to show the effects of pH and of the initial concentrations on the nature of photoproducts and on the rate of photodecomposition of this substance. The results obtained show that the pH and the initial concentration of sodium chlorite have no significant effect on the rate of photodecomposition of chlorite. These results also indicate that the radiation dose (9000 j/m2) needed to produce a 50% reduction in chlorite concentration suggests that the doses (200-250 j/m2) used for drinking water disinfection would not result in a significant reduction in chlorite concentrations.
Rates of reaction and product formation were measured in photodecomposition experiments of aqueous sodium chlorite at 253.7 nm in a reactor that was continuously sparged with nitrogen to remove chlorine dioxide. The rate of photodecomposition of sodium chlorite was studied over a pH range of 4-10 and at unbuffered conditions. Distribution of major products was not affected by pH; rates of reaction and chlorine dioxide formation were maximum at pH 6. Quantum yields were measured for both photodecomposition of chlorine dioxide and sodium chlorite. For the former reaction, the values were 0.44 at 253.7 nm and 1.4 at 300 nm. For the latter reaction, the values at 253.7 nm ranged from 0.72 to 1.53, depending upon pH. Corresponding quantum yields for formation of chlorine dioxide ranged from 0.43 to 0.94, depending upon pH.
Half-life in water:


text:
Q: Github how to push Xcode project without old files and folders? I finished an Xcode project and pushed it to github from Xcode 'Source Control' Menu. Then I changed the project name CountryBook to Countries. I Built project and ran. Everything was okay. Then I coiped project folder to desktop as a backup. Then pushed project again. Everything has messed up. Some old named folders and files still exist in repo. Then I deleted every directory and file from github repository. Now, backup version of project is working. But when I try to push it to repo, old files are still exist. I deleted 'origin' from 'Remotes' and created a new repo named 'Countries'. I pushed project again but it was same. A mixed version of old files and new files. When I clone the github version of project, of course it is not runnable. What sould I do and how can I push clean version of my project? I don't want to lose project.
This is Countries repo now:

This is my working project folder with correct content:

A: I would fix it via command line, lets assume you start from scratch:
Step 1 - prepare the working branch:

*

*Clone the project

*Navigate to root folder of the project

*Checkout the main branch ("main", "master", or whatever it is)

*Create a new branch you will be working with

git clone https://github.com/yourorg/yourrepo
cd yourrepo
git checkout main # or master
git checkout -b fixprojectstructure # branch name can be anything

Step 2 - clean project locally

*

*Delete old project, old workspace, ensure the names in Podfile and Podfile.lock are fine

*Build the project and ensure it's working

Step 3 - commit your changes:
# assuming you are in the root of the project
git add .
git commit -m "Some explanation"

Step 4 - push your changes:
I usually do it the lazy way: just run git push, which will show you the proper syntax to push remotely, something like
> git push
fatal: The current branch fixprojectstructure has no upstream branch.
To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use

    git push --set-upstream origin fixprojectstructure

> git push --set-upstream origin fixprojectstructure
Enumerating objects: ...
...
remote: Create a pull request for 'fixprojectstructure' on GitHub by visiting:
remote:      https://github.com/.../pull/new/fixprojectstructure
remote:
...
Branch 'fixprojectstructure' set up to track remote branch 'fixprojectstructure' from 'origin'.

Step 5 - merge your changes:
Basically just do what the line above is saying:

*

*Navigate to https://github.com/.../pull/new/fixprojectstructure

*Create pull request

*Merge pull request to main (or whatever the initial branch was)

Note on the side: configure the gitignore file properly for your repo as well. For starters, follow the gitignore template to create a proper gitignore file, and then change it the way you need to.
For instance:

*

*Usually, if you use cocoapods, you do not store .workspace folder and its contents in the repo. Instead it's generated using pod install command on each machine that needs it.

*It's also common to exclude Pods directory from storing in the repo, although there are pro / cons arguments both ways.

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Remember playing outside in the backyard on a warm summer day with your real live friends and running inside for a big glass of Hi-C Ecto Cooler! The tasty green juice from a little tin barrel that needed two holes punched in the top. I remember riding my bike to school in the morning, home for lunch and back, then home again after school. Playing dodgeball, climbing ropes, and watching the space shuttle Challenger explode were all a part of my youth. Mr. T was cool, Prince was his name, Garbage Pail kids were trading cards, and the Dukes of Hazzard were on my tin lunch box. Things were totally awesome then!
What has happened to us? Kids classrooms are no longer allowed to celebrate calendar events like Christmas or Valentines because ONE person in the class might be offended. Dodgeball and rope climbing have been deemed way too dangerous. There's no Presidential Physical Fitness test because someone might feel inadequate if they don't get a patch! As a parent I'm too scared to let my son ride his bike to school because some creep might take him, and Heaven forbid he doesn't wear his seatbelt… despite the fact I rode in the back of my dad's pick-up or in the back window of my mom's car.
Today's technology has improved some things, but others have just become watered down. I think when I take Dylan to school tomorrow we'll get in the car through the windows, listen to the Miami Vice soundtrack, and wear our Swatch watches. Then I'll tell him to celebrate Easter in his classroom by talking about Jesus, the one who died for our sins, the real reason for the spring holiday. If that offends someone, too bad we won't be able to hear their complaint over the sound of our boom box blasting "Born in the USA" on our shoulder. Maybe they can go take selfies on their bosu ball and post it on Instagram while the rest of us get back to deadlifting, doing push-ups and making real progress! Stop over thinking everything and don't adjust what you do to accommodate the 10%'ers… Fire it up!
Posted in fitness stuff.Tagged 40's, attitude, Corey Howard, coreyhoward, Deadlifting, father, fitness, husband, Parenting, Physical Fitness, strength training, wife.
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Il , colloquialmente noto anche con la sigla JMDb, è un database online di informazioni sul cinema giapponese: film (lungometraggi), attori, registi, personale di produzione e membri della troupe. Simile all'Internet Movie Database, contiene esclusivamente opere prodotte in Giappone.

Il sito è stato creato nel 1997, contiene film a partire dal periodo Meiji (1899, trentaduesimo imperatore) fino ai giorni nostri ed è in continuo aggiornamento.

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Siti web di cinema
Basi di dati su Internet

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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When the final season of The Originals began I had no idea where the writers were going to take us. It's now clear we are headed for one epic final battle.
We never get enough episodes with all of the Mikaelsons together on The Originals and I'm always excited when we get those rare episodes. This was definitely one of the best of the series.
Through all the years Julie Plec has broken our hearts and killed off characters, she always does a beautiful goodbye for the character. She did not disappoint for Hayley Marshall.
The final season of The Originals is sure to have a lot of twists and turns but I don't think anyone saw [spoiler's] death coming. Even when it was happening, I didn't believe it was really happening.
It's nice to see The Originals staying true to itself in its final season. And it was nice to see Elijah back to his normal self, even if it was in a flashback.
When we left off, Vincent warned that they could never be together again, so what would bring them back together and who would free them from the Hollow?
The Mikaelsons are up against their biggest threat yet, but Freya doesn't seem to be fazed. At least not in this promo. Ever since Freya met her family, she's fallen in line with the "family first" motto pretty quickly. Will there be time for her to find love?
We're about halfway through the season and we're really in the thick of it now.
Marcel wanted to be done with the Originals but looks like he's dragged right back in. Can they work together to take down this threat?
The rescue mission is just beginning. Now that Hayley has woken up her family, it's time to get Klaus. That may prove to be tricky. While Marcel won't kill Klaus, he has no qualms about killing Elijah.


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10 Challenges of Telecommuting and How to Overcome Them
Nikola Baldikov
https://www.brosix.com/wp-content/uploads/speaker/post-1347.mp3?cb=1639948479.mp3
Struggling with the challenges of telecommuting?
Telecommuting has exploded in popularity. It's fast becoming a prerequisite for both job seekers and employers everywhere. That's because telecommuting offers many benefits to both employees and companies.
Employees face less time commuting and more time for themselves, their families, and their work.
Employers gain the ability to hire talent from all over the world.
Companies can reduce business costs, such as office space and turnover.
10 Challenges of Telecommuting and How to Overcome Them Click To Tweet
Despite its growing prominence, there are many challenges of telecommuting. From feeling isolated to struggling to cope with technical problems, working from home isn't always a breeze.
What's more, the difficulties presented by telecommuting hold true whether you're a veteran remote worker or a newbie freelancer. The same goes if you're managing a team of digital nomads
First, though, to fully understand the challenges of telecommuting, as well as realize the solutions, it's helpful to have a picture of the major telecommuting trends.
Trends in Telecommuting
The Challenges of Telecommuting and How to Overcome Them
Lack of Telecommuting Policy
Subpar Toolkit
Unsecure Communication
Poor Routine and Diet
No Team Camaraderie
Different Time Zones
Loss of Focus
Telecommuting only continues to grow in popularity. The reasons are many and range from an enhanced employee work-life balance to a reduction in employer overhead.
As telecommuting increasingly becomes the norm, it will continue to pose frustrations for employees and employers alike.
Read below the 10 biggest telecommuting challenges, as well as how to overcome them – so you can sustainably reap the benefits of today.
A remote work policy sets the stage for what's expected of your telecommuters. Without it, employees are more prone to the difficulties of working from home, while companies are ill-equipped to manage their telecommuters.
The fix: If you haven't already, establish a remote work policy. An adequate policy sets some basic ground rules to enable effective management of a telecommuting staff, determine clear communication and collaboration channels, and put in place a course of action in case of tech-related issues.
Need help creating a policy for your telecommuters? Use this remote work policy template and craft the ideal policy to keep your team aligned and productive.
Your Company Needs a Remote Work Policy. Here's What to Include.
Isolation is an often-underestimated telecommuting challenge. While 42% of remote workers feel as connected as their on-site colleagues, that's still less than half. That's a lot of isolated telecommuters. With no office chit-chat or shared coffee breaks, telecommuting can get lonely.
The fix: You have to take steps to fill the void left by a lack of social interaction. Use a video calling app to regularly touch base with teammates and also carry out shared tasks like meetings or the daily stand-up. Set up a group chat for sharing team successes and casual conversation.
And consider using instant messaging instead of email. Email may still be your method of choice, but IM is faster, more personal, and more effective at building team relationships.
Not equipping your telecommuters leaves them empty-handed and incapable of delivering the results your business needs to thrive. On the other hand, too many tools can cripple workflows.
The fix: First and foremost, craft a toolkit that reflects your telecommuters' and team's needs. Beyond that, a good rule of thumb is to choose the fewest number of tools to get the job done.
In many cases, you can get the job done with a robust team chat app, project tracking software, sound knowledge management, and a productivity app or two. Good collaboration tools should feature all-in-one capability, providing a range of functionalities on the same platform.
Security concerns are a fact of life, but more so with telecommuting. When employees are no longer in the secure confines of the office, but rather in their homes – where they're more relaxed – the potential for careless behavior increases.
The fix: To address these concerns, mitigate the potential of sensitive information leaks, data breaches, and snooping before they happen.
Use a VPN to establish a more secure connection with your business network. Have a secure backup of all data and information. Furthermore, make sure all internal communication is encrypted end-to-end. Encrypted, peer-to-peer communication on a fully private team network diminishes the risk of internal negligence or misbehavior while protecting you against snooping or man-in-the-middle attacks.
Remote work doesn't have to mean unsecure communication. Explore these encrypted chat apps and guarantee data security and privacy while increasing teamwork.
Without a doubt, one of the biggest challenges of telecommuting is technical problems. IT glitches, hardware problems, and app and software issues can halt productivity in its tracks.
The fix: You can't prevent software bugs or hardware malfunctions, but you can try to stay one step ahead of them. Have a backup plan in place for when the wifi goes awry or you're met with a barrage of error messages.
In many instances, remote troubleshooting can diagnose and fix technical problems. Many screen-sharing apps feature remote desktop control capable of running remote diagnostics, investigating errors, installing programs, and configuring settings and software.
Telecommuting presents many challenges. But one difficulty that's often overlooked is the impact it can have on your daily routine and diet. Working from home can blur the boundary between work and leisure. What's more, when the fridge is always within reach, the lure of snacks can be hard to resist.
The fix: Just because you're working from home doesn't mean you can't take breaks. Make them meaningful, though. Take a walk, read, do some yoga, or check in with family and friends.
When it comes to your diet, have in mind that there's a direct correlation between your diet and productivity, sleep cycles, and self-control. Avoid binging on carbs and empty calories and go for healthy options like fruits, vegetables, and nuts.
There's a saying that a team that plays together stays together. But that's easier said than done for a team of telecommuters. How do you foster sustainable team momentum when everyone's in their own bubble?
The fix: Improving team camaraderie doesn't have to be a challenge. Often, the right team communication tool can go a long way toward improving team spirit and morale. For those times when you need a little something extra, consider a team-building activity. From quizzes or group personality tests to movie-watching, remote team-building activities can bridge the disconnect and foster a happier and more productive team.
Different time zones can throw a wrench into team collaboration. A noon meeting in Europe is a brutal wake-up call for your North American counterparts. On the flip side, it's unfair to ask your European team to join an afternoon meeting East Coast Time when their workday has ended.
The fix: Be mindful of time zones and try to pick a time when everyone's at least had their first cup of coffee. Sometimes, there's just no avoiding the inconvenient time. But try to rotate so it isn't always the same teammate joining a video call after hours or, worse, at 4:00 a.m. local time.
It's only normal to lose focus. You're not a robot, so you can't expect to maintain maximum focus all day every day, especially during coronavirus times when many of us aren't accustomed to telecommuting. But there are steps you can take to maintain more consistent productivity.
The fix: While telecommuting, try mimicking prior routines from when you worked in an office. Set an alarm, make coffee, and get dressed. Make to-do lists and get to know your productive times. Schedule everything if you have to, including your breaks.
And utilize technology. There are loads of tech tools to keep you connected during the COVID era, or just boost your engagement in case you find yourself with some more free time.
Telecommuting comes with its share of distractions. Whether you've got little ones, pets, a messy work environment, or an addictive social media habit (or all of the above), working from home doesn't have to wreck your productivity.
The fix: There's no one-size-fits-all solution. If you're balancing kids while working from home, sync your most challenging tasks with their nap or independent playtime. Use your breaks to walk the dog and get some fresh air.
Tidying up can pay dividends, too. Keep your workspace well-stocked and get all your supplies ready beforehand. Getting up to search for a pen or paperclip chips away at your productivity and could lead to other distractions.
Finally, take steps to trim social media use during the workday. Log out of your accounts, remove browser shortcuts, or delete the apps from your smartphone during the workweek.
Looking for more tips to help you overcome the challenges of telecommuting? Check out these work from home tips to boost your environment, work habits, and workflow.
How to Work Remotely Like a Boss: A Crash CourseThe Tactics and Tech You Need For Remote Employee TrainingWorkplace Conflict Resolution: How to Resolve Conflicts Within Remote Teams
All signs point to a continued rise in telecommuting. That said, as you ponder the future, consider carefully the challenges that come as a result of working remotely.
Are you and your remote workers able to meet those challenges? Can you provide your telecommuters a system to enable peak performance, day after day?
Consider Brosix! An instant messaging software for businesses, Brosix provides encrypted, real-time communication and collaboration to streamline how day-to-day business gets done. It's practically overcome the challenges of telecommuting. Give it a try!
Nikola Baldikov is a Digital Marketing Manager at Brosix, specializing in SAAS marketing, SEO, and outreach strategies. Besides his passion for digital marketing, He is an avid fan of football and I love to dance. Connect with him on LinkedIn or Twitter at @baldikovn
Best Screen-Sharing Apps and Software for Remote Collaboration
6 Virtual Team Challenges and Proven Ways to Solve Them
https://www.brosix.com/wp-content/uploads/speaker/post-21302.mp3?cb=1658504889.mp3 Playback speed: 0.75x 1x 1.25x 1.5x It will come as no surprise that today's work environment is predominantly remote and digital. Meaning that organizations should...
July 22, 2022 Srebro Filipov
19 Working From Home Memes to Brighten Your Day
https://www.brosix.com/wp-content/uploads/speaker/post-21319.mp3?cb=1657859057.mp3 Playback speed: 0.75x 1x 1.25x 1.5x Before the pandemic working remotely on a daily basis, or even a hybrid work schedule was nothing more...
https://www.brosix.com/wp-content/uploads/speaker/post-20434.mp3?cb=1639947581.mp3 Playback speed: 0.75x 1x 1.25x 1.5x The advantages of operating an isolated company outweigh many of the negatives. Over the past few years, there has...
April 8, 2022 Lora Ivanova
Latest Cyberbullying Statistics – The Extent of Cyberbullying In 2022
https://www.brosix.com/wp-content/uploads/speaker/post-20920.mp3?cb=1653374781.mp3 Playback speed: 0.75x 1x 1.25x 1.5x The internet was probably the greatest invention of the 20th century, opening so many new doors. Thanks to it,...
March 28, 2022 Andreyana Kulina
Data Collection – Types, Methods and Errors
https://www.brosix.com/wp-content/uploads/speaker/post-20888.mp3?cb=1653374811.mp3 Playback speed: 0.75x 1x 1.25x 1.5x By the time you've finished reading this blog post, you'll have learnt about the different types of data and...


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#if !defined(BOOST_FUSION_MAP_BEGIN_IMPL_02042013_0857)
#define BOOST_FUSION_MAP_BEGIN_IMPL_02042013_0857

#include <boost/fusion/support/config.hpp>
#include <boost/fusion/container/map/map_iterator.hpp>

namespace boost { namespace fusion
{
    struct map_tag;

    namespace extension
    {
        template<typename T>
        struct begin_impl;

        template<>
        struct begin_impl<map_tag>
        {
            template<typename Sequence>
            struct apply
            {
                typedef map_iterator<Sequence, 0> type;

                BOOST_FUSION_GPU_ENABLED
                static type call(Sequence& seq)
                {
                    return type(seq);
                }
            };
        };
    }
}}

#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Pablo Zabaleta says West Ham's win against Everton a timely confidence boost
By Saurabh Shankaranarayan
West Ham defender Pablo Zabaleta admits their first win of the season away to Everton on Sunday was a timely confidence boost for the players, after a difficult start to life under new manager Manuel Pellegrini.
The 3-1 win at Goodison Park lifted the Hammers out of the relegation zone and it comes at the right time with the London club set to face Chelsea, Manchester United and Tottenham in three of their next four Premier League matches.
"Very pleased after four defeats," said Zabaleta. "It was a great game, it was crucial to get three points to lift the confidence of the lads, the manager, everyone.
"It was a great performance from the whole team: offensively and defensively we were really good."
Highlights: Everton 1-3 West Ham
Zabaleta stressed that despite the early criticism, the players never lost faith in Pellegrini's methods and recognised that it would take time for the Chilean to implement his philosophy.
"Sometimes you have so many players who came in during the summer with a new manager and new style of play, you have to find the right team," said Zabaleta.
"It has been a tough few months for the manager, especially when you try to bring in a new style of play, Sometimes it doesn't work out in a few games and you keep changing the team to try to find the best starting XI.
"Every single game is so difficult and it took five games to get the first win but you can see how tight everything is in the table, it is only a few points different so it is important now to pick up points every single game and look forward."
West Ham United boss Manuel Pellegrini says the owners never doubt what he and his squad were doing despite losing their first three games.
The 33-year-old acknowledges that there is a lot of competition for places at the club after they bought in seven players during the summer transfer window, and feels everyone needs to do their part to help the club move forward.
The defender was one of the six changes made by manager Pellegrini for the Everton game alongside Andriy Yarmolenko, Mark Noble, Pedro Obiang, Declan Rice and Arthur Masuaku.
Arnautovic unsure on knee injury
Pellegrini explains Perez snub
Moyes: Marko key to winning or losing
Improvement at last for Pellegrini
"There is competition from the players in a strong squad but the key to it is to be honest with ourselves," Zabaleta added.
"We know every single player is not going to play every game apart from the spine of the team, four or five players, but we need to give everything. That is key. We will continue like this and we hope this is the beginning of something."


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Resolution 2334 and a Two-State Solution: Part A
Jan2 by howardadelman
Thus far, I have published two blogs in this series, one on the Fourth Geneva Convention and the Wall and a second on Demography, Settlements and Jerusalem. The point was to document both the legal issues and the facts on the ground. This blog, in its several parts, has more to do with policy and addresses the question of the two-State solution; namely, to what degree and why does Resolution 2334 depict the settlements as a threat to that solution. Usually, I indicate future installments of a series at the end of a blog. But this time I will do it up-front to assure readers that I intend to go into some matters more thoroughly in subsequent blogs. They will be, in order:
The American Approach to the Resolution;
The Israeli Approach to the Resolution;
The Consequences of the Resolution.
In defence of America's abstention on UNSC Resolution 2334, John Kerry said that the Resolution reiterated the "vision of a region where two democratic States, Israel and Palestine, live side by side in peace within secure and recognized borders." He argued that the Resolution was a last ditch effort to "stabilize the situation and to reverse negative trends on the ground, which are steadily eroding the two-State solution and entrenching a one-State reality." Further, he insisted that the resolution would help "create the conditions for successful final status negotiations and for advancing the two-State solution through those negotiations and on the ground." All of this was said against a background in which John Kerry has clearly stated that, although he supports Israel and although the U.S. remains totally committed to Israeli security and legitimacy, the building of settlements was identified by Kerry as the main threat to the two-State solution. Further, and perhaps more importantly, he had concluded that Netanyahu was only paying lip service to the two-State solution, and was supporting settlement policies that threatened that solution.
Key elements in the current right-wing Israeli cabinet, the most right-wing in Israeli history, are absolutely opposed to the creation of a Palestinian state living side-by-side in peace with Israel. Naftali Bennett, one of Netanyahu's coalition partners, recently announced that, "the era of the two-state solution is over." On the other side of the barrier, increasing numbers of Palestinians have come to the same conclusion, and did so when Bennett was merely promoting the idea and not yet declaring it a fait accompli.
Many past UN resolutions targeted settlements as a threat to a peace agreement and a two-State solution. If the United States belatedly came to this recognition, why did the Obama administration not support UNSC Resolution 2334? Why did the U.S. abstain? United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 adopted unanimously on 22 November 1967 established the principles for framing an Arab-Israeli peace agreement. It affirmed the "inadmissibility of the acquisition of territories by force" that I discussed in an earlier blog. Israeli interpreters argued the inadmissibility clause was irrelevant to Israel because the territory was acquired in a defensive war and, in any case, was not taken from a sovereign power. Most international legal experts dispute this interpretation.
According to the drafters of Resolution 242, however, the Resolution not only required direct negotiations between the disputing parties, but also required withdrawal from captured territories. But not ALL the territories. The term "all" was deliberately excluded from the draft against the opposition of the Arab states. The drafters, and those who supported Resolution 242 at the time expected that, in the negotiations, there would be some exchange of territory in a peace agreement. This may be one case in which diplomatic equivocation and the use of ambiguity – central to the art of diplomacy – may have caused more trouble in the long run compared to the short term benefit of gaining a consensus in support of Resolution 242.
Meanwhile, Israel began its program of settlements, initially for military defensive purposes, allowed under international humanitarian law, but also to make claims for territory, initially in some of the areas captured near Jerusalem. In great prescience, Jacob Talmon, the late great Israeli historian, in 1967 raged and warned about the threat expanding settlements would pose for a peace agreement, then with Jordan. Ten years after the end of the Six Day War and four years after the disastrous Yom Kippur War, Menachem Begin became Prime Minister on 21 June 1977. During his period as head of government, he made a peace agreement with Egypt and gave the Sinai in its entirety back. For that, he and Egyptian President Anwar el-Sādāt won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1978.
In the shadow and the glory of that agreement, Begin's government passed the Jerusalem Law on 30 July 1980 which declared Jerusalem to be the united capital of Israel, but without specifying its boundaries and without formal annexation. Nevertheless, that was sufficient to stimulate an enormous international backlash. The UN Security Council passed Resolution 478 declaring Israel's 1980 Jerusalem Law, which de facto but not de jure annexed East Jerusalem, as illegal. The vote was 14-0 with the U.S. abstaining. Further, UN legal experts contended that, even though the Resolution was passed under Chapter VI, it was still binding on all states based on a 1971 ruling of the International Court of Justice. Consequently, there are no longer any foreign embassies whatsoever in Jerusalem.
The period from 1980 to the Oslo Accords marked a new phase of settlement activity under the leadership of a party that claimed all of the West Bank as rightfully belonging to Israel. Begin's government began an aggressive program of expansion of settlements that clearly lacked even the pretence of any defensive military function. But the greatest fiery storm was set off, not by the settlements, but by what happened on the Temple Mount or what the Arabs call al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf, or the "Noble Sanctuary." On 8 October 1990, when Bibi Netanyahu was Deputy Minister for Foreign Affairs, Israeli Border Police killed 17 Palestinians and wounded many more in a so-called riot on that site. They were killed because, according to Netanyahu who treated truth with as much reverence as Donald Trump, the Palestinians were throwing stones down on worshipers at the Wall in a deliberate attempt to deflect attention away from Saddam Hussein's invasion of Kuwait two months earlier on 2 August 1990.
It so happened that there were no worshipers at the Wall that day. They had been removed for their own safety. Instead, the Temple Mount Faithful, a group of Jewish Zealots promoting the reconstruction of the Temple on its original site, announced a plan to march on the Temple Mount in contravention of an explicit Israeli court order not to do so. To confront the Zealots, an extreme group of Palestinians gathered on the Temple Mount with rocks to confront the Jewish Zealots. In confusion, set off by an explosion of unknown origin among the gathered Palestinians, the Palestinians began throwing the rocks at the Border Police. The Border Police retaliated with live ammunition, initially killing one Palestinian.
That instigated a full-scale riot. With reinforcements, the Israeli Border Police launched an assault on the Temple Mount killing 17 and wounding many more. The uproar was not caused by the Temple Mount Faithful, even though their initial announcement had been an instigating factor. Nor had it been caused by Palestinian Zealots resisting them or raining rocks down on innocent worshipers at the Western Wall as Bibi then contended, though the Palestinians had indeed prepared themselves with rocks to protect the grounds of the Noble Sanctuary. The prime cause was the use of excessive military force in a volatile situation. (For a very recent recounting of the incident, read Barry Lantos' blog published on 3 November 2016. He was one of the investigative reporters who had covered the story.)
James Baker, head of the State Department in the President George H.W. Bush administration, in 1990 banned Netanyahu from the State Department, not as rumoured because of disputes with American officials over policy or over the West Bank or the Temple Mount, but because of the same type of lies and distortions Netanyahu repeatedly made, especially in reference to American diplomatic efforts.
The situation changed with the election of Rabin and the conclusion of the Oslo Accord in 1993 and the 1995 extensions. In Oslo, settlements were recognized as matters for negotiation. Further, the territory of the West Bank was divided into three different areas, Area A under the administrative and security authority of the Palestinian Authority, Area B under the administrative authority of the Palestinian Authority and Area C under both the administrative and security authority of Israel. The situations of Gaza and East Jerusalem were left unchanged. The establishment and growth of settlements, as recognized in the Oslo Accords, did not indicate where the lines would be drawn between the Israeli and Palestinian states.
After a burst of expansion of settlements before Oslo and under the initial Netanyahu administration, by far the greatest expansion of settlements in the West Bank took place under the early years of Arik Sharon, who was Prime Minister from February 2001 to 2006 until he suffered a stroke. Resolution 2334 repeats resolution 1515 endorsing the 2003 Quartet Roadmap that required a freeze on settlement growth, including so-called "natural" growth, and dismemberment of all settlements constructed since 2001.
Why 2001? 22 settlements were established in 2001 and 19 in 2002 – Alt 468, Ancient Susiya Synagogue, Asa'el, Bat Ayin West, Elmatan, Gal Outpost, Gilad Farm, Gival Assaf, Givat Sal'it, Hakaron, Harro'eh, Kochav Ya'akov West, Migron, Mitzpe Lach, Mitzpe Yitzhar, Neve Danile North, Nofei Nehemia, Ramat Gilad, and T'koa D. In contrast, there were only two in 2003 (Kochav Ya'akov East and Mitzpe Eshtamoa), three in 2004 (Bnei Adam, Mishpatei Eretz and Ofra Zion Mizrah, and only one in 2005 – Omer Farm. The period of enormous expansion of numbers of settlements was over, but not the expansion of the size of Israeli settlements recognized as legal by Israel.
That period afterwards and before made the Oslo years seem an exception to the expansionist phases of settlements from 1980 to 1992 and then again after Rabin was assassinated. What changed from 12 or 13 years ago to suddenly make settlements the threat to a two-State solution for the United States at this time, but did not back then? Why not 2007 when Obama first came to power? Why not in 2014 following Bibi Netanyahu's announcement that 1,260 new housing units would be built in East Jerusalem, 600 units to be constructed in Ramat Shlomo in north-eastern Jerusalem, a settlement founded in 1995 adjacent to Shuafat and Beit Hanina in the same year when the extensions to the Oslo Accords were agreed upon. Another 660 units were to be built in Har Homa established in 1997 in south-eastern Jerusalem near Beit Sahour with a view of nearby Bethlehem.
In 2015, Netanyahu responded angrily when the Jerusalem municipality froze the planned expansion of Har Homa by 1,500 homes. There was certainly a fight in 2014 over settlements. One Obama administration official called Netanyahu a "chickenshit," echoing an insult directed at Netanyahu by an official in the Clinton administration. Why did the U.S. not officially declare settlements illegal then? Why did the U.S. at that time not depict settlements as an imminent and existential explicit threat to a two-State solution? Instead settlements were then called obstacles to peace and were sometimes dubbed illegitimate. But they had not been labeled illegal by the U.S.
Part of the difficulty in understanding the problem is that there are at least four two-State solutions. Settlements impact on each differently. But let me mention the various one-State solutions first. There is the vision held by a few right-wing Israeli extremists in Netanyahu's cabinet who believe in incorporating all of the West Bank as Israeli sovereign territory. In one variation, many Palestinians who refused to pledge loyalty to Israel would be expelled. In another variation, Palestinians would be given permanent residency status, but not citizenship, but would be expelled if they proved to threaten Israeli security.
In a second version, there would be one sovereign state encompassing Israel, Area C and East Jerusalem. Areas A and B would have an independent internal self-governing authority as a satrap of Israel. In a third version, there would be a single state in all of the old mandate territory, including the Gaza Strip. Jews and Palestinians would have equal citizenship and equal rights in a single state. This is a vision that went back to idealists like Martin Buber and is still upheld today by current idealists. In a fourth version, Israel-Palestine would be a federated state with two provinces – Palestine and Israel with Jerusalem operated as a federal district. The federal authority would have responsibility for security, foreign relations, trade and monetary policy. Clearly, there could be many variations of all of these versions. Perhaps there are even one or two more versions, but the likelihood of anyone of them coming about is slim to none.
I could, of course, be wrong. After all, I was wrong about the extent that settlements would develop. I never believed that the settlement activities would take place to the extent that they did. But, in spite of the extent of the settlements, I still believe that a two-State solution is the only realistic option, though some of the versions of this option are as unrealistic as any of the one-State solutions. There is the vision of two states based on the 1967 cease- fire lines. Secondly, there is the vision of two states in which the settlements around Jerusalem are incorporated into West Jerusalem as the capital of an Israeli state but East Jerusalem, including the Old City, would become part of a Palestinian state. There is a version in which Israel assumes control of the Old City with religious rights guaranteed to Palestinians and, indeed, all Muslims. In a version John Kerry seems to favour, Jerusalem would remain united, but as a capital of both states. All of these versions, I believe, are unrealistic, but John Kerry's is, I believe, the most unrealistic.
A more likely version would be that Area C would be transferred to Israeli jurisdiction with some deletions while an equivalent amount of Israeli territory would be transferred to the Palestinian state so that state would have approximately 22% of the Mandate territory, the amount under Arab control before the Six Day War. Though this option, given Oslo, is the one most likely, that likelihood is undercut by the argument over Jerusalem. In one variation, the Israelis in the settlements being transferred to the Palestinians would become dual citizens of both Palestine and Israel. In another scenario, the settlers would be offered an economic benefit in exchange for returning to Israel. In a quite different variation, everything would be settled except for the Old City; it would remain under Israeli jurisdiction until an agreement could be made about it. This seems the most likely outcome. The thickening of the existing settlements in the suburbs of Jerusalem and in Area C does nothing to threaten this version of the two-State solution.
The threat to the two-State solution now comes primarily from the issue of Jerusalem, not the settlements. The Palestinians see East Jerusalem, including the Old City, as the capital of their future state. Most Israelis support an undivided Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, though some of them would exclude East Jerusalem but not the Old City. The reality is that settlements have always threatened a two-State solution. They did in 1967 when they were created to assert claims on Jerusalem and to establish military defense positions in the West Bank – and then under a Labour government. Establishing new settlements reached a peak threat in the first years of this century. There is little reason to declare that the last few years, with the main focus on "thickening" the existing settlements, poses any greater threat than ever before. In fact, the pattern of settlements suggests that de facto borders are being made on the ground between an Israeli and a Palestinian state. That may not have been the scenario I defended for years, but it does take the reality into account that Israel will not be willing or able to resettle 400,000 of its citizens. It barely managed to resettle 9,000 from Gaza.
This entry was posted in Diplomacy, Israel, Politics, U.S. and tagged Begin, Bennett, Fourth Geneva Convention, Jerusalem, John Kerry, Netanyahu, Oslo, Oslo Accords, Resolution 242, Resolution 478, Sharon, Talmon, Temple Mount, two state solution.
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Londoners who feel sure they have it in them to create a masterpiece if only they could find the inspiration can put their potential paintbrush talents to excellent use at one of these artistic sessions. Each event focuses on a different artist (there are regular Banksy, Hockney and van Gough sessions) and participants will recreate one of their most famous works on a huge canvas. All materials are provided and no experience is required.
PopUp Painting provide classes to teach people to paint but have fun at the same time.
They have a number of different classes throughout the year to paint a famous landscape say.
I went along and painted London Skyline which is work originally done by artist Rebecca Hunter. You'll get provided an easel, canvas and paint brushes to paint your masterpiece with. Plus on some classes a glass of prosecco will be provided.
It is most certainly a great way to have fun and a great alternate to a date night.
If you love art and painting then you will love this.
I went to a 'Paint like Banksy' PopUp Painting class in the café of the Roundhouse in Camden on a Wednesday evening and had such a fun and relaxing time! Everything is set up professionally, you're given brushes, paints, palettes, a generous mounted canvas, an overall and a professional painter walks you through the painting in stages! It's such a fun evening to spend with friends or to make new ones as there were a few who had come solo and at the end of it you have your own 'masterpiece' to take home. I would recommend it, it felt rather therapeutic (could also be the bottle of Merlot a friend and I shared). One thing to note is that you do not get a drink included in the ticket even though the descriptions may suggest you do!
This was one of the most fun experiences I've had in such a long time. We went to Davy's in Canary Wharf on the riverside for an evening of learning to paint like Banksy. Straight off the bat it was made clear that the evening experience was just about having fun, and shouldn't be taken too seriously. It was well organised and the artist and organiser took us through the painting step-by-step, and gave us enough time to explore our creative sides and learn new techniques and skills. We all walked out with paintings we were proud of, and I would definitely do it again, and recommend to all no matter what your previous painting or artistry skills are.


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BRIDGEPORT Connecticut's Beardsley Zoo, 1875 Noble Ave. Hours: 9 a.m.-4 p.m. daily. Special Barnyard Maze through Labor Day. Special Country Fair events, Chris Rowlands' "Farming Fever," "Tropical Illusions" ongoing; visit site for schedule. Animal Tales for children with story and craft, Thurs, Fri, Mon-Aug. 21, Teddy Bear Fest Sun noon-3 p.m. Admission $11; $9 ages 3 to 11, seniors. 203-394-6565, www.beardsleyzoo.org for details and upcoming events.
FAIRFIELD Fairfield Museum and History Center, 370 Beach Road. Hours: Mon-Fri 10 a.m.-4 p.m.; Thurs 10 a.m.-6 p.m.; Sat, Sun noon-4 p.m., research library closed Mon. $5, $3 seniors, students. 203-259-1598, www.fairfieldhs.org.
WILTON Library, 137 Old Ridgefield Road. "65th Annual Summer Art Exhibition," by more than 50 Wilton artists in diverse media, through Aug. 27. Mon-Thurs 10 a.m.-8 p.m.; Fri 10 a.m.-6 p.m.; Sat 10 a.m.-5 p.m.. 203-762-3950, www.wiltonlibrary.org.
WILTON "Selected Works: Mahonri Young," an exhibit of paintings and sketches by noted artist Mahonri Young, visitor center at Weir Farm National Historic Site, 735 Nod Hill Road. Through October. Hours: Wed-Sun 9 a.m.-5 p.m.
BRANCHVILLE Art show featuring photos of Ecuadorian landscape and people, Paul Gervais Gallery at Building Blocks Art Supply Store, Route 7. Through Aug. 30. Show and silent auction Friday 6:30-9 p.m. Proceeds benefit Redding-based Alausi Emergency Rescue Program. $10 advance tickets for reception may be purchased by sending a check made out to Alausi Emergency Rescue Program to Margaret Roleke Rooney, 32 Lee Lane, Redding, CT 06896. Limited tickets at the door. Hours: Mon-Fri 9:30 a.m.-6 p.m., Sat 9:30 a.m.-5 p.m., Sun noon-5 p.m. 203-470-2542, mroleke@optonline.net.
NORWALK Maritime Aquarium, 10 N. Water St. Special African Penguin exhibit through Dec. 2010, special penguin encounter program offered daily through Aug. 31 1:15 p.m. "African Underwater Safari" open; "Frogs!"; harbor seal feeding times daily 11:45 a.m., 1:45, 3:45 p.m.; sea turtles on view. Ocean Playspace for toddlers on second floor. IMAX Theater (See film listings for details). Aquarium hours: daily 10 a.m.-5 p.m. The aquarium closes at 6 p.m. in August. $11.75, $10.75 seniors, $9.75 ages 2-12, under 2 free.
203-852-0700, ext. 2206, www.maritimeaquarium.org. (Web site offers penguin and osprey cams.) Marine Life Study Cruises offered 1 p.m. daily in August, $20.50.
4 p.m. $5 additional fee.
NORWALK Lockwood-Mathews Mansion Museum, 295 West Ave. "Loft Artists at the Mansion," by members of the Loft Artists Association, through Sept. 9. Docent-guided tours exploring the "riches to rags" story of the Lockwood family. Wed-Sun noon, 1, 2 and 3 p.m. Tues-Sun 10 a.m.-4 p.m. Admission: $5; Tours: $10, $8 seniors, $6 children.
STONINGTON Mystic Seaport, Greenmanville Avenue. Antique Marine Engine Exposition Sat, Sun; Wine and Food Festival Fri-Sun noon-5 p.m. "Restoring an Icon: The Charles W. Morgan" on view. "Mapping the Pacific Coast: Coronado to Lewis and Clark, the Quivira Collection" (1544-1802) through October 2010. Recreated 19th-century village. All pay child's admission every Mon in August. Hours: 9 a.m.-5 p.m. daily. $24, $15 children. 888-973-2767, www.mysticseaport.org. Also, Music on the River aboard Sabino every Wed 5:30-7 p.m., through Aug. 26. Mystic Seaport Dinner Theater, with Maritime Mystery, Fri and Sun through Sept. 6, 6:45 p.m., $45; Maritime Mystery without meal available; call for schedule and rates. Garden Days at Mystic Seaport, Aug. 21-23, with Tovah Martin Aug. 22 at 11 a.m., with admission.
STAMFORD Bartlett Arboretum and Gardens, 151 Brookdale Road. "The Spectrum of Natural Abstractions," photographs by New Canaan native Megan Re, through Mon. Mon-Fri 9 a.m.-4 p.m.; Sat and Sun 10 a.m.-4 p.m. 203-322-6971, www.bartlettarboretum.org.
STAMFORD Loft Artists Association, 845 Canal St. "Satirical Art: Modern Suburban Life," paintings by Renee Kahn, through Aug. 30. Fri-Sun noon-5 p.m. 203-323-4153, www.loftartists.com, www.ciciartist.com/ReneeKahn.htm.
STAMFORD Stamford Historical Society, 1508 High Ridge Road. "Best Face Forward," portraits of historical Stamford figures, through Sept. Tues-Sat noon-4 p.m. $5, $3 members, seniors, free for children under 12. 203-329-1183, www.stamfordhistory.org.
STAMFORD Stamford UConn Stamford Art Gallery, 1 University Place. "Love Letters: Prayers," by Stamford artist Heidi Lewis Coleman, through Aug. 31. 203-251-8400. "Scurlock Studio and Black Washington: Picture the Promise," photographs serving as a documentation of 20th-century black society in the nation's capital, through Nov. 10. Mon-Thurs 9 a.m.-7 p.m.; Fri 9 a.m.-5 p.m.; Sat 9 a.m.-noon. 203-251-8541, www.stamford.uconn.edu.
NEW CANAAN Silvermine Guild Arts Center, 1037 Silvermine Road. "19th Annual Juried Student Exhibition," works in various media by Silvermine School of Art students, through Aug. 23. Tues-Sat 11 a.m.-5 p.m.; Sun 1-5 p.m. 203-966-9700, ext. 20; www.silvermineart.org.
NEW HAVEN Peabody Museum of Natural History, 170 Whitney Ave. "Travels in the Great Tree of Life" on view. "Fossil Fragments: The Riddle of Human Origins" on view; dinosaur and early mammal skeletons, displays; native animals; arts of indigenous peoples of the world; children's Discovery Room. "Sustainable Choices" through Aug. 23; "Darwin: 150 Years of Evolutionary Thinking" through Aug. 23. Also, Hall of Minerals, Earth and Space. Special free admission for all Aug. 29. Hours: Mon-Sat 10 a.m.-5 p.m.; Sun noon-5 p.m. $7, $6 seniors, $5 ages 3-18. Free admission every Thurs 2-5 p.m. 203-432-5050, www.peabody.yale.edu.
WINDSOR LOCKS New England Air Museum, Bradley International Airport, 36 Perimeter Road.Aviation displays, new KidsPort available. $9.50, $8.50 seniors; $6 ages 12 and younger. Hours: daily 10 a.m.-5 p.m. 860-623-3305, www.neam.org.
MASHANTUCKET Mashantucket Pequot Museum and Research Center, 110 Pequot Trail on the Mashantucket Pequot Reservation, near the Foxwoods Resort Casino. "Pequot Lives in the Lost Century" through Sept. 12. Atlatl and Bow demonstrations Thurs 1-4 p.m., all with admission. Hours: Tues-Sat 10 a.m.-5 p.m. $15, $13 seniors, $10 children. Libraries' admission free. 860-396-6800, 800-411-9671, www.pequotmuseum.org.
WASHINGTON Institute for American Indian Studies, 38 Curtis Road. Native American Patriots exhibit on view. "Mississippian Peoples and their Pottery" on view. Southwestern Indian pottery on view; Eastern Woodland exhibit and artifacts. "Beadwork of the Plains" also on view. "Observe the Living Traditions of Indian New England: Village Interpreter Program" through Aug. 30, Sat, Sun noon-4 p.m. Program on roots and herbalism Sat 1-2:30 p.m., $15. Hours: Mon-Sat 10 a.m.-5 p.m.; Sun noon-5 p.m. $5, $6 children. 860-868-0518.
ROCKY HILL Dinosaur State Park, West Street. Dinosaur State Park Day Sat 10 a.m.-3 p.m., with games, crafts, live animals, entertainment and more. Indoor-outdoor museum, track casting available. $5, $2 children; dinosaur films, nature walks also featured. Hours: Tues-Sun 9 a.m.-4:30 p.m. 860-529-5816, www.dinosaurstatepark.org.
NEW LONDON Custom House Maritime Museum, 150 Bank St. "Thomas Locker: Sea, Trees and Sky" through Mon. "Knots and Fancy Ropework: Alton C. Beaudoin: Master of Knots" through August. "53 Postcards of New London Harbor Light" through September. Hours: Tues-Sun 1-5 p.m., May through December. $5. 860-447-2501. Cribbage Thurs 1 and 6:30 p.m.; Jibboom Roundtable with Toshiyuki Shimada of Eastern Connecticut Symphony Orchestra Aug. 20 6:30 p.m., $7.
TORRINGTON Artwell Gallery, Salon de Refuses, 19 Water St. An exhibit of black and white photographs by Doreen Osto. Through Sept. 13. Hours: Tues-Fri 10 a.m.-5 p.m.; Sat, Sun noon-5 p.m. 860-482-5122, www.artwellgallery.org.
PAWLING, N.Y. McKinney & Doyle, 10 Charles Colman Blvd. An exhibit featuring 30 watercolors by New Fairfield artist Susan Holden-Sagona. Through Oct. 3. 845-855-3875, www.mckinneyanddoyle.com for hours.


text:
The Security Council's Response to the Ebola Crisis: A Step Forward or Backwards in the Realization of the Right to Health?
Written by Charlotte Steinorth
This post is part of the ESIL Interest Group on International Human Rights Law blog symposium on 'The Place of International Human Rights Law in Times of Crisis'.
The fight against Ebola has brought into stark focus the global threat emanating from viral diseases. In response to the outbreak of the deadly virus in Africa, in 2014 the UN Security Council adopted Resolution 2177 characterizing the epidemic as a threat to international peace and security and calling in its operative paragraphs on all Member States to provide international assistance and co-operation.
While the resolution has been widely applauded as a landmark for global public health (see e.g. here and here) this post questions whether the peace and security approach taken by the Council risks undermining the normative force of the right to health and the associated obligations of international co-operation. To better appreciate the challenges posed by the Security Council's response to Ebola, the post will first briefly look at the content of Resolution 2177 before reflecting on what the resolution omits. Against this background the final part discusses what consequences flow from this (sin of) omission.
Governing in situation of crisis: UN SC Resolution 2177
After convening an emergency meeting on 18 September 2014, the Security Council adopted Resolution 2177 entitled "Peace and security in Africa". The resolution, sponsored by a record number of 130 countries and adopted unanimously by all Council members, characterized "the unprecedented extent of the Ebola outbreak in Africa" as a "threat to international peace and security". After having underlined that:
"the outbreak is undermining the stability of the most affected countries concerned and, unless contained, may lead to further instances of civil unrest, social tensions and a deterioration of the political and security climate…".
While the link between the virus and regional instability – let alone international stability – is not made entirely clear in the resolution, the reference to international peace and security in a non-military context hardly constitutes a novelty in the Council's history. Ever since the end of the Cold War the significance given to "non-military sources of instability in the economic, social, humanitarian and ecological fields" (see Presidential Statement S/23500, 31 January 1992), has meant a widening of the Security Council's traditional area of competence beyond the limited sphere of inter-state military conflict. Viewed from this broad perspective, one may come to think of the Council as the natural body to govern in crises situations. Despite the Council's determination of the existence of a threat to peace and security in accordance with the language of Article 39 of the UN Charter, however, there is no reference in the text of the resolution that the Council was in fact acting under Chapter VII of the Charter.
What emerges clearly from the Council debate is the urgent sense of communal action to meet – what was described by many participants – as an "unprecedented" health crisis (UN Doc S/PV.7268). The operative paragraphs of Resolution 2177 thus detail various measures of assistance and co-operation, calling inter alia on Member States "to provide urgent resources and assistance […] to support the affected countries in intensifying preventive and response activities" and urging States "to mobilize and provide immediately technical expertise and additional medical capacity […] and to provide essential resources, supplies and coordinated assistance to the affected countries and implementing partners". The need for international co-operation was also underscored by a presidential statement of November 2014 in which the Council notes "the considerable efforts of the international community to scale-up its response to the Ebola outbreak" and "commends those Member States, which, in concert with other actors on the ground, have […] provided […] crucial support in the affected countries".
No reference to international obligations of assistance and co-operation for the realization of the right to health
What Resolution 2177 at no point mentions, is the existence of international legal obligations of assistance and co-operation that obtain both in crisis situations and in the normal course of events. The human right to health and the associated international obligations are completely omitted from the text of the Security Council resolution. In the record of the Council meeting one searches in vain for any reference to human rights. This is surprising since the right to health is widely understood to have implications for public health, including the protection against infectious diseases. Art. 12 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) which provides for the "right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health" specifically refers to the duty of State parties to take steps that are necessary for "[t]he prevention, treatment and control of epidemic […] diseases". The Committee on Economic Social and Cultural Rights emphasized in its General Comment no 14 of 2000 the international dimension of the right by observing that "States parties should recognize the essential role of international cooperation and comply with their commitment to take joint and separate action to achieve the full realization of the right to health". The international obligations pertaining to the right, according to the Committee, are not limited to a negative duty of non-interference with the right to health in other countries but comprise – subject to the availability of resources – an obligation to "facilitate access to essential health facilities, goods and services in other countries, wherever possible, and [to]provide the necessary aid when required." The Committee, moreover, underlines that:
given that some diseases are easily transmissible beyond the frontiers of a State the international community has a collective responsibility to address this problem.
In addition to being grounded in the widely ratified ICESCR, the duty of international assistance and co-operation for the realization of public health has arguably an additional basis in Article 56 of the UN Charter according to which Member States are "to take joint and separate action in co-operation with the Organization for the achievement of the purposes set forth in Article 55". As Article 55 c) explicitly mentions "solutions of international economic, social, health, and related problems", a commitment to international co-operation in the fight of an endemic viral disease appears to be supported by the Charter text itself.
Weakening the conceptual force of rights frameworks in the context of global challenges?
What are the consequences of the Council's silence regarding the right to health and the international obligations of assistance and cooperation? One might be tempted to praise the Council for using one of its biggest guns (determining the existence of a threat to peace and security) to marshal an effective response to the Ebola crisis. At the same time, however, the Council's failure to make any reference to applicable human rights obligations relegates rights to the background, suggesting that they are of minor importance. Yet, particularly in situations which are not considered to reach the threshold of a crisis situation, human rights could provide important guidance on duties of cross-border solidarity. Thus, what is left unsaid in Resolution 2177 matters on a normative level. It is in the nature of international law that norms need to be kept alive and indeed filled with life. If a highly relevant legal obligation is completely omitted from a significant Security Council resolution, the normative value of the corresponding norm is cast into doubt.
In the case of the international obligation of assistance and co-operation in social matters, the omission weighs particularly heavy. The obligatory force of Article 56 has long been contested (See e.g. discussion by M Langford et al in Global Justice, State Duties, CUP 2014, 54-55) Similarly, the obligations associated with the right to health have to contend with normative doubts. While it is true that economic and social rights today do enjoy broad support as an integral part of international human rights, they have arguably not achieved the same acceptance as civil and political rights. What is more, a number of developed States have not accepted the existence of legally binding international obligations in relation to socio-economic rights, arguing instead "that international cooperation and assistance was an important moral obligation but not a legal entitlement" (See UN Doc E/CN.4/2005/52, para. 76).
With this in mind, it might have seemed a pragmatic step for the Security Council to approach the Ebola crisis solely from a security perspective. Yet, it does give one pause for thought that the right to health was at no point mentioned in the Council debate. In a rapidly globalizing world order communal action across borders will increasingly gain in significance. If human rights are to retain their role as dominant conceptual framework by which we assess State action, it is essential that obligations of co-operation and assistance are taken seriously. Or else rights will steadily give way to alternative discourses.
Basak Baglayan says
Thank you for the interesting post. I have two quick observations. Although, as you mentioned, the Resolution does not make entirely clear the link between the virus and regional/international instability, it does in particular mention Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leone -- states coming out from civil war and highly sensitive in that regard. In this sense, it can be argued that Ebola can reverse the peace building actions in the region –which is stated in the Resolution.
Reading the resolution together with the Report of the High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change (A/59/565) provides some hints as to why possibly the SC did avoid the right to health all together from the resolution (not that I agree that it did). The report identifies poverty, infectious disease and environmental degradation as threats to global peace and security. And at one point underscores the importance of reaching a consensus about them being also security threats and not 'horrible diseases', humanitarian tragedies or problem of development. Strict reading of the report can explain one of the reasons for the pragmatic approach adopted by the SC that you mention.
Charlotte Steinorth says
Many thanks for your excellent comments ! You are, of course, right to point to the political situation in the affected countries. To me, however, it is not self-evident how a virus affects peace-building actions; arguably the link could have been made more explicit. This, however, was not my main concern. The focus of the post was the Council's use of the peace/security paradigm at the expense of human rights. The question I wondered about was thus not so much whether a disease can be viewed as a security threat, but whether it is to be exclusively conceptualised as a security threat.
Rafatu Ohiare says
Thank you for this enlightening post, you gave an elaborate perspective on the Security Council's response to the 2014 Ebola Crises in Africa. Faced with the exigency of the Ebola crises, it is not far-fetched that the Security Council took the more expedient approach.
I However agree with you that while it was pragmatic to take the peace and security approach, the complete omission to mention the international obligation of state parties to assist and cooperate in the UN SC Resolution 2177 was a huge setback for the reinforcement of the human rights to health especially in the purview of existing international instruments like the ICESCR.
Catherine O'Rourke says
Thank you for this very interesting post. There are some clear parallels here with the SC's other thematic resolutions, in particular the Women, Peace and Security Resolutions, and the failure to reference the relevant human rights commitments, most notably CEDAW. These critiques are well developed in relevant feminist literature and may be of interest. Recent initiatives by UN Women (http://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/publications/2015/8/guidebook-cedawgeneralrecommendation30-womenpeacesecurity) and civil society (https://ilg2.org/2017/02/08/pursuing-synergies-to-guarantee-womens-rights-in-conflict-the-un-security-council-arria-formula-meeting-on-cedaw-and-the-women-peace-and-security-resolutions/) to strengthen human rights commitments in the SC's WPS activities may be insightful as you continue in this vein of work.
Charlotte Steinorth
Charlotte Steinorth is Assistant Professor at Central European University, Budapest. Her research focuses on question of legitimacy, democratization and human rights protection in a postnational age.