text:
Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery Vehicles for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Author(s): Il-Kwon Kim, Sun-Hyun Kim, Seong-Mi Choi, Byung-Soo Youn, Han-Soo Kim	Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, 24 Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si 210-701, Korea., Korea
Journal Name: Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy
DOI : 10.2174/1574888X11666151203223251
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic and progressive autoimmune disease of connective tissues common in middle age. Dysregulation of the tissue homeostasis involving inflammation is the hallmark of disease pathogenesis, inducing autoimmune insults that frequently lead to permanent disability. Although the advent of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs and, more recently, pathogenic TNF-TNF-R axis-targeting biologics significantly delayed progressive joint destruction with significant reduction of disability and physical improvement, a large proportion of RA patients failed to respond to the treatment. In this regard, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are particularly attractive to the refractory patients to the pharmacologic intervention for their immunosuppressive/anti-inflammatory capacity as well as tissue reparative and/or regenerative potential. Local or systemic delivery of MSCs led to promising results in preclinical as well as in clinical studies of RA and thus proposing that these cells can be further exploited for their therapeutic application in RA and other degenerative connective tissue diseases. Mechanistically, paracrine factors appear to be the main contributors of MSC-mediated tissue regeneration in a number of preclinical and clinical studies rather than direct tissue cell replacement. More recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from MSCs emerged as key paracrine messengers that can also participate in the healing process through influencing the local microenvironment with anti-inflammatory effects. It is highly likely that the use of these EVs becomes beneficial in the treatment of RA. Yet, identification of key components involved in the regenerative process needs to be assessed for developing efficient MSC-based strategy of RA treatment.
Keywords: Extracellular vesicles, inflammation, mesenchymal stem cells, rheumatoid arthritis.
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy
Title:Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery Vehicles for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Author(s):Il-Kwon Kim, Sun-Hyun Kim, Seong-Mi Choi, Byung-Soo Youn and Han-Soo Kim
Affiliation:Department of Biomedical Sciences, Catholic Kwandong University, 24 Beomil-ro 579beon-gil, Gangneung-si 210-701, Korea.
Keywords:Extracellular vesicles, inflammation, mesenchymal stem cells, rheumatoid arthritis.
Abstract:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic and progressive autoimmune disease of connective tissues common in middle age. Dysregulation of the tissue homeostasis involving inflammation is the hallmark of disease pathogenesis, inducing autoimmune insults that frequently lead to permanent disability. Although the advent of immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory drugs and, more recently, pathogenic TNF-TNF-R axis-targeting biologics significantly delayed progressive joint destruction with significant reduction of disability and physical improvement, a large proportion of RA patients failed to respond to the treatment. In this regard, mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are particularly attractive to the refractory patients to the pharmacologic intervention for their immunosuppressive/anti-inflammatory capacity as well as tissue reparative and/or regenerative potential. Local or systemic delivery of MSCs led to promising results in preclinical as well as in clinical studies of RA and thus proposing that these cells can be further exploited for their therapeutic application in RA and other degenerative connective tissue diseases. Mechanistically, paracrine factors appear to be the main contributors of MSC-mediated tissue regeneration in a number of preclinical and clinical studies rather than direct tissue cell replacement. More recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) released from MSCs emerged as key paracrine messengers that can also participate in the healing process through influencing the local microenvironment with anti-inflammatory effects. It is highly likely that the use of these EVs becomes beneficial in the treatment of RA. Yet, identification of key components involved in the regenerative process needs to be assessed for developing efficient MSC-based strategy of RA treatment.
Il-Kwon Kim, Sun-Hyun Kim, Seong-Mi Choi, Byung-Soo Youn and Han-Soo Kim, "Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery Vehicles for Rheumatoid Arthritis", Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy (2016) 11: 329. https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X11666151203223251
https://doi.org/10.2174/1574888X11666151203223251 Print ISSN
Published on: 15 March, 2016
A Mini-Review on Thalidomide: Chemistry, Mechanisms of Action, Therapeutic Potential and Anti-Angiogenic Properties in Multiple Myeloma
Molecular Characterization of the T Cell Repertoire Using Immuno-scope Analysis and its Possible Implementation in Clinical Practice
Development of Microemulsion Based Nabumetone Transdermal Delivery for Treatment of Arthritis
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation (Discontinued)
Sex Steroids in Autoimmune Diseases
Gene Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Implication of CD154/CD40 Interaction in Healthy and Autoimmune Responses
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued)
Pattern Recognition Receptors and Control of Innate Immunity: Role of Nucleic Acids
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology
Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Vaccination and Rheumatic Diseases: Is There Still a Dilemma?
Antigenicity Prediction in Melittin: Possibilities of in Drug Development from Apis dorsata
Current Proteomics
Role of Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer Progression and Prognostic and Predictive Characteristics of Stem Cell Markers in Colorectal Cancer
Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells as an Attractive Tool for Clinical Applications
A Perspective on Stem Cells as Biological Systems that Produce Differentiated Osteoblasts and Odontoblasts
Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Agents of Immunomodulation and Neuroprotection
Epigenetic Regulation of Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
A Promising Strategy for Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy: Intravitreal Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosome
Biomaterial and Mesenchymal Stem Cell for Articular Cartilage Reconstruction
Role of Inflammation and Tumor Microenvironment in the Development of Gastrointestinal Cancers: What Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Can Do?
Role of Flavonoids in Future Anticancer Therapy by Eliminating the Cancer Stem Cells
Immunomodulatory Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells


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Mon, October 24, 2016
Doors: 6:00 pm / Show: 7:00 pm (event ends at 9:30 pm)
UNDER 17 WITH SUPERVISION
Music comes naturally to Sabrina Carpenter. At just fourteen, she's signed with Hollywood Records and recorded a four song EP that would give an artist of any age a run for their money.
Can't Blame A Girl For Trying captures the complex mix of Sabrina's youth and musical talent well beyond her years. The four songs that she's chosen as her introduction to the world come from her love of music (citing influences ranging from Etta James to Christina Aguilera) and a refreshing sense of self that reveals an artist with an infectiously fun and down-to-earth vibe. Her affable personality, powerhouse vocals, and passion for performing make her the kind of emerging superstar that you'll want doubling as your best friend.
Sabrina hails from the suburbs of Philadelphia where she was born into a family of dancers, musicians, and actors whom she says continue to inspire her through her creative journey. She was raised in a world of talent where she recalls spending time performing with her older sisters, so her triple threat assets come as no surprise. "Everything that I love comes from the arts. That's my life," Sabrina says. While she may be considered a newcomer she has already had a song, "Smile," chart on Radio Disney.
The EP kicks off with the title track, "Can't Blame A Girl For Trying." Flawless vocals, an undeniably sophisticated edge, and an effortless ability to inspire listeners make this song an instant feel-good anthem. "This song stood out because it's an innocent love story and it speaks to girls who make mistakes but keep trying because that's all you can do, regardless of what age you are," Sabrina says with a smile on her face.
A folk meets pop jam, "Middle of Starting Over" is certain to be added to countless sleepover playlists. This song has a clear message and an unforgettable sound only made stronger by Sabrina's dulcet vocals. "It's got a bit of folk to it which I love, but the message carries that girl power theme as well."
"White Flag" almost didn't make the cut when she first heard it. "My sister really liked it and told me I had to at least record the demo just to see if I liked it. I did and then I just fell in love," Sabrina says. The track allows her to showcase her vocals and change up the tempo a bit, all the while maintaining the energy that Sabrina brings to all of her songs.
The EP wraps up with "Best Thing That I've Got," a tune that both Sabrina and her parents felt was right for her. "It's just one of those feel good songs that you just can't help but smile when listening to no matter your mood and it was my parents' favorite song, so they wanted me to record the demo," she recalls. "And since parents know best, I had to do it."
Her creative accomplishments don't end with this EP though. Sabrina is currently learning to play the guitar, piano, has her eye on a set of drums, and she's a talented dancer. "I've taken a lot of dance lessons and I really love it," she says. "And drumming is something I've always wanted to learn, so I'm sure I'll be trying that soon," she says. What's cooler than a female drummer?
Sabrina can also be seen in the highly anticipated Boy Meets World spinoff Girl Meets World, premiering on Disney Channel later this year. While she loves to act and has incredible talent and a deep passion for it, she is proving that she is equally talented and passionate when it comes to her music.
Sabrina is currently pouring her creativity, joy and musical point of view into writing and recording her full-length album. Fans of the EP can expect an album with a whole lot of spunk and a good amount of heart. "Through all of the decisions I've had to make, they've left it up to me and I've gotten to use my own voice and my own quirks," Sabrina says. "Hopefully my listeners hear that and see it in themselves too."
Sabrina Carpenter - Can't Blame a Girl for Trying (Official Video)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Run-off insurance cover
Comprehensive run-off insurance cover – for your ongoing peace of mind and protection
When you're a doctor planning to retire or have a break from medical practice, you have a couple of options to consider for professional indemnity insurance.
The Australian Government introduced the Run-Off Cover Scheme (ROCS) on 1 July 2004 to provide run-off insurance cover to medical practitioners who have ceased private medical practice and who satisfy specified eligibility criteria, and to the estates of deceased medical practitioners. Under ROCS, the government guarantees to pay the cost of medical indemnity insurance claims against eligible medical practitioners covered by the scheme.
As a medical practitioner, when you become eligible for ROCS cover, your last medical indemnity insurer issues a ROCS insurance policy. The government will reimburse the insurer for any valid claims it pays under that ROCS policy. If you aren't yet eligible for ROCS but take an extended break, you can apply for an Avant Practitioner Indemnity Insurance policy run-off cover from Avant.
Australian Government Run-Off Cover Scheme (ROCS) or Avant Practitioner Indemnity Insurance Run-off cover?
When am I eligible for ROCS?
A medical practitioner becomes eligible for ROCS if they:
have permanently retired from private medical practice;
have ceased practising due to permanent disability;
are deceased (their estate is eligible for ROCS);
leave Australia after working as a medical practitioner under an eligible temporary visa; or
are on maternity leave.
Find out more here. or contact us on 1800 128 268.
What if I'm not eligible for ROCS?
You can purchase Avant Practitioner Indemnity Insurance policy for run-off cover if you are a practitioner (and have been members of United Medical Protection, MDAV or have held medical indemnity insurance with Avant Insurance) and if you have:
ceased private practice (e.g. taken an extended career break); or
cancelled your indemnity policy for another reason.
Contact us on 1800 128 268 to learn more.
Taking maternity leave
If you plan to take a break from your career to start a family, you will need to ensure that you have the appropriate level of run-off cover to protect you from any incidents that may have occurred during your career but have not yet been notified to insurers. You may be eligible for the Government ROCS scheme. Contact us on 1800 128 268 to learn more.
Key features of run-off cover under our Practitioner Indemnity Insurance Policy^
Civil liability cover
Cover for disciplinary and other matters
Audits and investigations
Investigations by the coroner or a commission
Subpoena for medical records
We cover you in case you're sued by a patient or another person because of the healthcare you provided. You are also covered for lawyers to defend you in the case and legal costs of the other side (if you're ordered to pay those too). Cover is up to $20 million. Your run-off policy only covers healthcare provided by you during your run-off period shown on your policy schedule.
We defend you in front of AHPRA, the Medical Board and the Coroner when your practice is being examined. We also support you through investigations by your state's health complaints entity and the criminal courts. Cover is up to $2 million. Your run-off policy only covers healthcare provided by you during your run-off period shown on your policy schedule.
You come into contact with Medicare and private health funds a lot as a doctor, so it's good to know that Avant will assist you with an audit or an investigation by either of these sorts of organisations. Cover is up to $2 million. Your run-off policy only covers healthcare provided by you during your run-off period shown on your policy schedule.
We cover you up to $2 million for legal fees and other expenses that we incur with the lawyer or other person in relation to a coronial inquiry or inquest, or responding to a request from a Royal Commission or Commission of Inquiry, or other government commission, where you are required in your capacity as a healthcare professional. Cover is up to $20 million. Your run-off policy only covers healthcare provided by you during your run-off period shown on your policy schedule.
We cover up to $2 million for challenging a subpoena to produce medical records, if there are reasonable grounds or a reason to challenge the subpoena or the release of medical records pursuant to the subpoena. Cover is up to $20 million. Your run-off policy only covers healthcare provided by you during your run-off period shown on your policy schedule.
^Cover is subject to the full terms, conditions and exclusions of the policy. Your run-off policy only covers healthcare provided by you during your run-off period shown on your policy schedule. Communicable disease cover and away from work costs are not available under your run-off policy.
Are you eligible for our retirement reward plan?*
The Retirement Reward Plan* is one way we share our financial success with members. The plan gives us the ability to return surplus capital to eligible members by way of dividend, when they permanently retire from paid medical practice.
If you are retiring on or after 1 January 2023 download the insurance policy booklet (including the product disclosure statement and category of practice guide) for run-off cover under the Avant Practitioner Indemnity Insurance Policy
Personal protection tailored to your needs as a doctor
The Avant Life Insurance Selection Tool (LIST)#
The LIST places a curated list of insurers at your fingertips making finding the right life insurance policy easy for doctors. Visit Avant.org.au/Life to Compare, Select and Apply.
Created by doctors exclusively for the medical community, Doctors' Health Fund supports their members both as a patient and as a medical professional by offering quality health covers and exceptional service.
Run-Off Cover Scheme (ROCS) — FAQS
Factsheet — Preparing for retirement
How to plan for your retirement
Doctors health and wellbeing
*The Retirement Reward Plan reflects the current policy of the Board for determining which members of Avant are eligible to participate in the Retirement Reward Plan and any Retirement Reward Dividends declared by Avant. The Retirement Reward Plan is entirely at the discretion of the Board and no member will be eligible to receive a Retirement Reward Dividend until such time as the Board declares a dividend in favour of that member. The Retirement Reward Plan is subject to change, suspension or termination by the Board at any time. #The information provided in this material is general advice only and has been prepared without taking into account your objectives, financial situation and needs. You should consider these, having regard to the appropriateness of this advice as well as the Product Disclosure Statement and Target Market Determination before making a decision to acquire a financial product. You should also read our Financial Services Guide for detail about who we are, how we are remunerated and how our Doctors Life Insurance Selection Tool (LIST) works. For further important information please see Avant - Life insurance for doctors . The LIST is provided by Avant Life Insurance. "Avant Life Insurance" is a registered business name of Doctors Financial Services Pty Ltd ABN 56 610 510 328 AFS Licence Number 487758 (DFS).


I have tweaked the file size to the maximum with the same failed results. Question. These Xerox AltaLink C8045 MFP's all reside on a print server. Could there be any setting(s) on the print server that I should be looking at?
How you print has no bearing on how you scan. If the file is more than 20MB it simply won't scan, if it is less than 20MB it will.
Settings wise, if a one page file works, so will 10,000 pages, there is no difference at all, but there are data limits, Xerox devices max out at 20MB, I don't know why. Especially now when most services accept 25MB.
go to properties >Apps >email>setup> Compression >MRC compression(PDF,PDF/A,XPS) > click on box to enable .
I checked the setting(s) mentioned and it was already enabled. The thing that is really starting to get me is that the 20 page scan that was successful hit my inbox at roughly 1.50 MB. So the thirty page scan that failed cannot be anywhere near the 20 MB maximum. Now I'm really at a loss. We use office 365 so am I way off base in thinking the culprit might be along that path or am I totally missing it? Please advise.
The exact error message is: "One or more messages were not sent. Insufficiant resources on the sending mail server (SMTP).CONTACT YOUR SYSTEM Administrator.
Is it possible it can only hold 20 pages in a "cache"?
The amount of pages is totally irrelevant, computers deal with data size, not pages.
A single page of text in pdf format without OCR can be as little as a few Kb, or well into the MB's in size, what matters is the content of the pages, a bunch of black text on a white background is small, the identical sized page (Letter/A4) containing a full color picture at 600DPI will be massive in size. Both are still one page.


English: In 2012 we started having English within our daily routine. The English teacher participates in the several classes and moments of our school daily life. Results show that learning is improved through this informal situation, rather than only in structured classes. This relaxed time has its place in addition to the formal period of English classes.
Portuguese Sign Language: In 2011 we also introduced the teaching of the Portuguese sign language.
Physical Education: In Physical Education it is our aim that our children develop their gross motor skills, their body awareness and agility in a cheerful and playful way, while getting acquainted to some of the main sports. We hope they become healthy adults with exercising habits.
Yoga: Yoga nourishes the inner force and self-acceptance of a child. This nourishing atmosphere encourages children to relax and have fun while they develop their strength, coordination, flexibility and balance. In addition, their body awareness improves their focus and self-confidence.
Musical Expression: The aim of our Music education is to help children experience music in a playful way, through songs, rhythmic and melodic games, instruments and movement, developing their individual musical capacity and their love for music.
Art: Our Art classes mean to encourage creativity and individual thought, and the expression of ideas and feelings through art. These classes give preference to contact with the work of art and with the different artistic practices, such as painting, sculpture, illustration, scenography, and many others.
Drama: Drama classes move children as a whole (their cognitive, emotional, sensitive, motor and aesthetic dimensions), thus contributing to the global growth of their personality. Drama classes can take up many forms, including games, exercises, improvisations, mimics and role playing. These activities explore: movement and body expression; verbal and non-verbal communication; concentration and observation skills; awareness and control of space; liberation, trust; creativity and imagination; sensitivity and aesthetic taste. So, drama is an important work tool, in the way that it favors processes of experimentation which amplify the child's cognitive potential, allowing children to be able to express, autonomously, a critical view of the world.
Philosophy: In Philosophy, the aim is to develop opinion and reasoning, as well as critical and creative thinking. Its main goal is to lead children to reflect upon the world that surrounds them.
Meditation: Meditation for children is done through exercises that address the inner life of the child, complemented with creativity exercises that open children to new realities and realizations. This allows children to increase their self-knowledge, helping them to create a mental dominion which supports the awareness of their thoughts and feelings. Scientific research has already confirmed that meditation is much more than a relaxation technique; the regular practice of meditation changes the neuronal structures of the brain, stimulating positive emotions and feelings and increasing the capacities of the mind. The benefits of meditation are felt in terms of self-esteem, self-discipline, self-assertion, inner peace, creativity, contact with the realm of fantasy, development of intuition, just to name a few.
Arts and Crafts: "Knowledge lives in the brain, but it comes in through our hands." (Cláudia de Moura Castro) With arts and crafts, we encourage our children to develop their creativity, their reasoning and concentration, their motor skills, using a variety of techniques and materials, and stimulating several areas of their brain. These experiences will bring them a wider awareness of their abilities, reinforcing a positive response to learning, and also allowing them to build a positive self-image.
Vegetable garden & Cooking:In 2010-2011, the school Project was the implementation of an organic vegetable garden according to the principles of permaculture. For this project, we had the support of Chico-Esperto, the farmer of Horta do Zé. Currently, Luís Leite is helping the children to supervise the garden.
Home: Activities in the Home are framed according to our educational project, which works on the theme "For a better world", where we do volunteer work in the Home for elderly people of our surrounding community. Here, we play with the elderly, we keep them company, and we grow together with games and activities, such as performances, movement, arts and crafts, mind games, or stories, among other activities that come up.
Music: The aim is to develop several projects, practising the skills achieved in Musical Expression classes. These projects range from the making of instruments for display at school to a group of drumming with recycled materials.


The Dallas police officer who apparently shot a man in error in his own apartment last week was involved in a previous officer-involved shooting, the department announced Saturday.
Amber Guyger, who was identified as the police officer who shot Botham Jean late Thursday, shot a suspect in May 2017 after a struggle in which police say the man reached for an officer's Taser.
Guyger was one of multiple officers who approached a wanted person on the morning of May 12, 2017, identified by police as Uvaldo Perez, which triggered a fight, and eventually the shooting. Guyger fired only one round, striking and wounding the suspect, according to a report on the Dallas Police Department's website. He was treated at an area hospital and survived.
The police department's database shows the grand jury returned a finding of "no bill," meaning no charges were filed.
Guyger has now been on the force for four years.
Dallas Police Chief Renee Hall said Guyger had left work on Thursday night and entered what "she believed to be her apartment," when she encountered Jean and fatally shot him. It is unclear if the two had any interaction before the shooting, police said.
On Friday, Hall said the department was in the process of filing an arrest warrant for manslaughter, but Guyger remains uncharged. The Texas Rangers have been brought in to further investigate the shooting.
"The Rangers had an opportunity to interview the officer," Hall said Saturday during a community event at Paul Quinn College, according to Dallas ABC affiliate WFAA. "Based on that, they asked us to hold off on the warrant until they had an opportunity to investigate some of the information that was provided from that interview."
Lee Merritt, attorney for Jean's family, lashed out at the decision to delay her arrest Saturday evening, calling it "deferential treatment" based on Guyger being a police officer.
"This family is frustrated," Merritt said during a press conference following a vigil for Jean. "This family is grieving that it has not happened yet. We believe the fact that that has not happened yet is a reflection on deferential treatment for law enforcement officers."
Jean's mother, Allison, spoke at the vigil for her son after arriving in the city from their native St. Lucia the same day. Dallas West Church was filled with hundreds of Jean's friends, family and coworkers.
"She took my life away, like my very own life," Allison said of the officer. "She has to face whatever the law says. The very Bible says to render to Caeser that which is Caeser so if Ceaser says to pay a penalty for a life, then she has to pay."
Guyger is currently on administrative leave while the department investigates the shooting.
Jean will be buried in St. Lucia on Thursday, according to WFAA.


text:
Bloomberg: Jobless Claims in U.S. Unexpectedly Rise on Backlog (Update2)
By Bob Willis
Jan. 21 (Bloomberg) — More Americans than anticipated filed claims for unemployment benefits last week, reflecting a backlog of applications from the year-end holidays.
Initial jobless claims rose by 36,000 to 482,000 in the week ended Jan. 16, the highest level in two months, from 446,000 the prior week, Labor Department figures showed today in Washington. The jump was due to an "administrative" accumulation from late December and early January holidays, and did not reflect "economic" reasons, a Labor Department spokesman said.
The biggest increase in sales in two decades and an expanding economy may be prompting companies to retain remaining staff after cutting 7.2 million workers from payrolls since the recession began in December 2007. A rebound in hiring may take longer to develop, one reason why unemployment is forecast to average 10 percent this year.
"The trend in employment is still toward improvement," said James O'Sullivan, chief economist at MF Global Ltd. In New York. "This level of claims is still associated with net declines in payrolls, but the message is that declines are getting smaller and smaller."
Stock-index futures dropped immediately after the report, erasing earlier gains. The contract on the Standard & Poor's 500 Index was down 0.1 percent to 1,133.2 at 8:49 a.m. in New York. Treasury securities fell.
Exceeds Forecast
Initial jobless claims were forecast to decline to 440,000 from 444,000 the week before, according to the median estimate of 40 economists surveyed by Bloomberg. Estimates ranged from 430,000 to 457,000.
Government workers took time to sort through applications that piled up in prior weeks after returning from Christmas and New Year vacations, the Labor Department spokesman said in a press conference. That suggests claims in the prior two weeks may have been lower than the numbers indicated. The number of applications is likely to fall when the next week's data are released, the spokesman said.
In addition, because state offices were closed on Jan. 18 for the Martin Luther King holiday, the government had to estimate claims for six states and the District of Columbia, the spokesman said.
Continuing claims fell by 18,000 to 4.6 million in the week ended Jan. 9. The continuing claims figure does not include the number of Americans receiving extended benefits under federal programs.
Extended Benefits
Today's report showed the number of people who've used up their traditional benefits and are now collecting extended payments increased by about 613,000 to 5.92 million in the week ended Jan. 2.
The unemployment rate among people eligible for benefits, which tends to track the jobless rate, held at 3.5 percent in the week ended Jan. 9, today's report showed.
The U.S. unexpectedly lost 85,000 jobs in December after a revision for November showed the first payroll gain in almost two years, according to Labor Department data released Jan. 9.
The unemployment rate held at 10 percent, near the 26-year high of 10.1 percent reached in October. The report also showed workers were unemployed for 29.1 weeks on average, the most since records began in 1948.
The loss of jobs since the recession began has been the worst in the post-World War II era.
The world's largest economy probably grew in excess of 5 percent at an annual rate in the fourth quarter, the best performance in almost six years, according to forecasts by economists at JPMorgan Chase and Credit Suisse in New York. Gross domestic product expanded at a 2.2 percent in the previous three months, the first gain in more than a year.
To read the rest of the story, click here.
Filed under: Economy, Finance, In the News


text:
Caratteristiche tecniche
È un terzino destro.

Carriera
Cresciuto nel settore giovanile del , ha esordito in prima squadra il 26 maggio 2019 disputando l'incontro di Primera División Profesional pareggiato 2-2 contro il .

Collegamenti esterni

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Looking to re-side the exterior of your home, to keep the beauty and resist termites + fire, with low maintenance? James Hardie Fiber Cement Siding is a Smart-Investment that delivers on durability, value, comfort, and beauty. Choose from over 20 colors and 10 styles Hardie Siding.
James Hardie Siding is non-combustible. Is approved for fire-rated construction. Flame Resistant.
James Hardie siding resists rotting, warping, cracking and denting. It is made for all Mother Nature weathers; from freezing, sub-zero temperatures to dry heat, to heat-humidity, to high humidity, to hurricane force winds.
$1,500 OFF Re-side the Exterior of Your Home with JAMES HARDIE Fiber Cement Siding.
" We are extremely satisfied with both the service and product installation. All of the staff we encountered were very courteous and professional. Thank You!"
"I just resided my house with Fiber Cement Siding. I could not be any happier with the way the house looks now than what it looked like before. I will use America's Advantage Remodeling in the near future, for more remodeling."


text:
Q: 'Number' input parameter can not be used by algorithms in Graphic Modeler Does anybody knows why I use the Graphical Modeler in QGIS 3.0, the 'Number'  input parameter can not be used by  algorithms, I have tried the algorithms of 'Buffer', 'create grid' and others, but they can not use the 'Number' parameter I create as the below picture:
(I am not good at English, I hope I describe my question clearly)

A: Solution 1:
You have to use @thisisanumber as Distance value. Parameter name in Parameter Definition window can include spaces, but you shouldn't use those spaces in tool window.

Solution 2 for newer versions:
You can easily select any "Number" input as parameter using "Model Input" option by clicking button on the right side of the parameter.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Billings Studio Theatre is a   not-for-profit community theatre company located at 1500 Rimrock Road in Billings, Montana.

The first performance by the company was There's Always Juliet in 1953. In 1963, the company decided it needed a home and moved into a church in downtown Billings. Five years later, the church became condemned and effort to build a new home began. In 1971, Billings Studio Theatre opened its doors to a new theatre located in the now central part of Billings located next to the Rocky Mountain College campus. Billings Studio Theatre is NOT operated by RMC but is a 501 (c)(3) stand alone nonprofit organization. .

Currently, the company produces four plays and four musicals each year in addition to an age restricted childrens production. Some more recent productions have included The Descendants, Beauty and the Beast, Frozen , ELF, Shrek, and Murder on the Orient Express.

In 2013, BST became the first community theater company in Montana to stage a "full version of the musical "Les Misérables"."

About 500 people a year volunteer at the theater. BST presents 8 Main Stage productions. Additional shows presented at the BST include one or two Rocky Mountain College productions annually. BST also "operates a children's theatre, The Growing Stage."

References

External links
Official website

Theatres in Montana
Studio theatres in the United States
Theatre companies in Montana
Entertainment companies established in 1953
Buildings and structures in Billings, Montana
Tourist attractions in Billings, Montana
Theatres completed in 1971


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Alabama State Parks
Cahaba River National Wildlife Refuge
Yellowhammer © stateparks.com
Cool Swim © stateparks.com
Co Rd 24
West Blocton, Alabama 35184
(lat:33.0893 lon:-87.0624)
One of nation's newest National Wildlife Refuges, the 540th in fact. Established September 25, 2002 for the purpose of protecting and managing a unique section of the Cahaba River and land adjacent to it. Cahaba River NWR is home to five federally listed species including the Cahaba shiner, goldline darter, round rocksnail, and cylindrical lioplax snail.
The Cahaba River itself stretches for almost 200 miles and is Alabama's longest free-flowing stream. The river currently supports 64 rare and imperiled plant and animal species, 13 of which are found nowhere else in the world. The river has more fish species at 131 than any other river it's size in North America. Over seven miles of the Cahaba lie within the approved acquisition boundary. The rolling uplands surrounding the river are forested with mountain longleaf and loblolly pines. Mixed upland hardwood species line ravines and the river's edge.
The largest known stand of the imperiled shoals lily (known locally as the Cahaba lily) also occurs within the Refuge. During summer months, this beautiful plant blooms and people come from across the region to view this magnificent display of nature. There is even an annual Cahaba lily festival that draws thousands of visitors to the area the last Saturday in May.
Nature of the Area
Cahaba River NWR was historically a longleaf pine forest with hardwood forests along the Cahaba River and within drainages leading to the river. Prior to refuge establishment, much of the longleaf pine forests were converted to loblolly pine plantations. Gradually, over the next few years, we intend to restore longleaf pine to its historic distribution within the refuge through the harvesting of loblolly pine and replanting of longleaf pine. A few areas within the refuge contain significant stands of longleaf pine that are in decline due to the absence of fire which is integral to maintaining longleaf pine forests. The refuge will begin to restore these longleaf pine stands by conducting prescribed burns.
Many migratory birds use the Cahaba River NWR. Kentucky, hooded and prairie warblers are known to breed on the uplands adjacent to the Cahaba River while prothonotary and yellow-throated warblers can be found in the hardwood forests along the Cahaba River within the refuge. Cahaba River NWR supports many rare endangered plants and animals. The refuge contains suitable habitat for 8 federally endangered and 5 federally threatened species as well as 2 federal species of concern.
The area that is now Cahaba River NWR has been greatly impacted by previous human actions. Coal mining first occurred within the area that is now the refuge in the mid-1800's. Piper #2 underground coal mine cut through the refuge. A portion of the area was strip mined in the mid-1900's. This mining pit is still visible today. Following the depletion of coal within the refuge area, commercial timber companies purchased most of the area that is today Cahaba River NWR. Most longleaf pine left following coal mining days were cut and, over the years, replanted to loblolly pine.
Cahaba River National Wildlife Refuge is located near Alabaster, Bessemer and Cottondale
Tannehill State Park
Oak Mountain State Park
Share Your Cahaba River National Wildlife Refuge Photos (click here)
Cahaba River NWR is located in Bibb County, Alabama, approximately six miles east of West Blocton on County road 24. River access is provided by a gravel road on the south (right) side of Bibb County Road 24 approximately 250 yards past the refuge entrance sign.


text:
Q: Sigma-field of a sequence of Random Variables Problem:
Suppose $\tilde{X}=(X_1,X_2,\dots)$ is a sequence of RVs on $(\Omega,\mathcal{B})$. Prove that $\sigma(\tilde{X})$ is generated by events of the form:
$$\bigcap_{i=1}^m \{X_i\leq x_i\}\mbox{ for }x_1,\dots,x_n \in\mathbb{R}, n\geq 1.$$
Thoughts/work:
I do know that if $X:(\Omega,\mathcal{B})\rightarrow(\Omega^',\mathcal{B}^')$ then $\sigma(X) = \{\{X\in B\}:B\in\mathcal{B}^'\}$.
I also worked in the past to prove that if I take a $\pi$-class $\mathcal{P}=\{(-\infty,a]:a\in\mathbb{R}\}$ and the class of cylinder events in $\mathbb{R}^{\infty}$ determined by $\mathcal{P}$. That is:
$\mathcal{C}=\{\omega=(x_1,x_2,\dots):x_i\leq b_i,i\leq n\}$ for some $b_i\in\mathbb{R},i\leq n, n\geq 1$ is a $\pi$-class and $\sigma(\mathcal{C})=\mathcal{B}(\mathbb{R}^{\infty})$.
Attempted solution:
$\mathcal{C}=\{\bigcap_{i=1}^n\{X_i\le x_i\},x_1,\dots,x_n\in\mathbb{R},n\ge 1\};\quad
\sigma(\tilde{X})=\{X_n\le a\},n\in\mathbb{N},a\in\mathbb{R}\\
\{X_n\le a\}=\bigcup_{k=1}^\infty \left ( (\{X_n\le a\}) \cap(\bigcap_{i=1}^{n-1}\{X_n\le k\})\right )\\
\\
k\in\mathbb{N}:k>\max_{1\le i\le n-1}X_i(\omega)\Rightarrow\omega\in \{X_n\le k\},\forall i\in\{1,...,n-1\}\\
\Rightarrow\{X_n\le a\}\in\sigma(\mathcal{C})\\
\Rightarrow\{X_n\le a\}\subset\sigma(\tilde{X})\Rightarrow \sigma(\tilde{X})\subset\sigma(\mathcal{C})$
Problems, etc.:
A critique of my solution: You have the general idea but it seems you are confusing classes of events.  1st, you have a sigma-field on the left and a single event on the right.  But even if you meant the class of all such events, it would not come anywhere close to being a sigma-field.  For example, it does not include $\{\limsup X_n \le a\}$.
2nd, the object is to show that inverse images of all sets in $B(R^\infty)$ are in the sigma-field generated by $C$.  However, it suffices to consider inverse images of cylinder sets.Finally, cylinder sets are not finite dimensional; they are subsets of $R^\infty$.  They do have obvious finite-dimensional counterparts, but don't confuse the two kinds of sets.
If you can help me clean this up and correct it, I would be greatly appreciated.

A: The second last implication $\{X_{n}\leq a\}\in \sigma(\mathscr{C})\Rightarrow \{X_{n}\leq a\}\subset \sigma(\tilde{X})$ is false, and I don't see how it is relevant here. One reason why this makes no sense is that $\{X_{n}\leq a\}$ is a subset of $\Omega$ and $\sigma(\tilde{X})$ is a subset of the power-set of $\Omega$. This also means that in start you should correct the definition of $\sigma(\tilde{X})$, the right way to write it would be $\sigma(\tilde{X})=\sigma(\{\{X_{n}\leq a\}:a\in\mathbb{R},\,\,n\in\mathbb{N}\})$. The last implications should instead be just:
\begin{align*}
&\{X_{n}\leq a\}\in\sigma(\mathscr{C}) \\
&\Rightarrow \sigma(\tilde{X})\subset \sigma(\mathscr{C}),
\end{align*}
otherwise it's correct. And this is the case because you just showed that $\{X_{n}\leq a\}\in \sigma(\mathscr{C})$ for all $a\in\mathbb{R}$ and $n\in\mathbb{N}$. Since $\sigma(\tilde{X})$ is the smallest $\sigma$-algebra that contains such sets and $\sigma(\mathscr{C})$ is some $\sigma$-algebra containing them, then $\sigma(\tilde{X})\subset \sigma(\mathscr{C})$.


text:
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Religion Docs- Second Draft
Author Topic: Religion Docs- Second Draft (Read 14391 times)
FiveDisgruntledMonkeysWit
Common Beliefs and Practices
Many Zalanthans are completely agnostic, too focused on day-to-day survival to consider what (if anything) happens after they die. For these pragmatic minds, physical death means the cessation of conscious thought, and musings on the afterlife are little better than children's tales designed to terrify or pacify.
But for those who have the time, luxury, or inclination to ponder eternity, a few common trends in Zalanthan spiritual thought tend to surface. Among the spiritual, a vague conception of a "soul" or "spirit" exists, an immortal and permanent counterpart to the temporary shell that is one's body. One of the more common beliefs typically held by the poorer castes is that this soul passes into Drov upon death. For many, "sending someone to Drov" is just a figure of speech, but some take the idiom literally, picturing Drov as a place or another level of existence. Who or what Drov consists of, or what this life after death is like, is usually left purposefully vague (probably to avoid the unwanted attention of the templarate, who may consider too much contemplation on the afterlife tantamount to heresy). Those who venture to speculate on the nature of life after death usually assume that Drov is a dreary, unpleasant place, where shades and shadows spend eternity adrift in an endless sea of gloom. This seems only natural to most Zalanthans; having lived most of their lives in toil and agony, they can only imagine a similarly-unpleasant afterlife. Still, the idea of an afterlife is comforting to many common folk, attracted to the idea of revisiting deceased loved ones and enjoying a well-earned rest from the rigors of the living world.
Outside of these general beliefs, the most predominant faith in the Known World is most likely belief in one of the two god-kings, Tektolnes of Allanak or Muk Utep of Tuluk. Motivations for worshipping the god-kings differ from person to person. Some worship out of social convenience, or to gain some sense of societal acceptance. Many, especially in Allanak, worship their god-king out of a sense of fear and awe. They view their god-king as a terrible tyrant, but pay lip-service to avoid being struck down by Him or (more likely) His servants, the templars. A few pray to their king out a genuine sense of love or admiration. Followers of Muk Utep are somewhat more likely to view their ruler as benevolent, but many citizens of both city-states view their god-king is all that stands between them and the utter desolation of the wastes. Truly faithful individuals often join the militia of their respective city-state, seeking some way to serve and become closer to their god. Even amongst these fanatics, however, love for their king is tempered with a healthy dose of fear.
Allanaki Beliefs
The order of white-robed templars were created in the wake of the siege of Allanak. The white-robes promote the worship of Tektolnes as a god-like figure, referring to him as He Who Rescued Us. Citizens of Allanak are encouraged to worship Tektolnes, and the white-robes build temples and lead devotions in their god-king's honor. Allanakis are always careful to never let their religious fervor interfere with the essentials of day-to-day business, however; the white-robes teach that the best way to show devotion to He Who Rescued Us is to be a contributing member of His glorious city.
With an established clergy in the form of the white-robed templars and an almost evangelical approach to the world at large, the worship of Tektolnes might be the most advanced and powerful organized religion in the Known World. And while it is true that even templars and nobles utter prayers to He Who Rescued Us, those with earnestly spiritual minds might find themselves dissatisfied with the Highlord's answers to the great philosophical questions. Allanak's dogma is shallow and ill-defined, usually amounting to little more than state propaganda with quasi-religious trappings. While high-ranking white robe templars may ponder the deeper mysteries of the Known World, these elevated thoughts (if they exist at all) are relegated to back-room debates and private libraries. As a result, very little in the way of actual enlightenment trickles down to the masses. Sermons usually amount to little more than history lessons, rehashing and aggrandizing the exploits of He Who Rescued Us.
If one were to ask a white-robed templar about the purpose of life or the existence of an afterlife, one is unlikely to receive a direct answer. Despite this, the common folk of Allanak clutch to a few apocryphal beliefs, and the powers-that-be seem disinterested in discouraging these ideas. Many Allanakis believe that Tektolnes possesses a degree of omnipresence, and even nobles and high-ranking templars are likely to believe that the Highlord can hear their silent prayers. Some of Allanak's faithful attempt to justify the apparent cruelty of the Highlord's regime by claiming that the harshness of Vrun Driath requires a firm hand. While an individual imprisonment, beating, or public execution may seem cruel, the patriotic Allanaki understands that it is part of a grand scheme designed to protect them from the uncountable horrors of the wastes. Particularly zealous Allanakis pride themselves on bearing their hardships with relative good cheer. Finally, the concept of an afterlife is ill-defined in the canon of Allanak's state religion, and the white-robes seem content to allow their followers to speculate on this particular subject to their heart's content. Many believe, rightly or wrongly, that He Who Rescued Us possesses some degree of control over their ultimate fate, and might provide a pleasant afterlife for the particularly patriotic or devout. Considering the large amount of reality-warping magick power Tektolnes possesses, this might actually be possible.
Prayers to the Highlord Tektolnes are traditionally spoken aloud. An Allanaki citizen is more likely to pray for the strength to endure hardship than to ask for blessings. Charity is nearly a foreign concept to Allanakis, so the virtues of hard work and humility are especially valued. Occasionally, Tektolnes surprises his followers with an act of real or perceived benevolence. Examples include the font of water spilling forth from the Temple of the Dragon, as well as the Highlord single-handedly breaking the siege of Allanak in the Nineteenth Age. These boons come few and far between, and are cause for great celebration. Another common practice in Allanak is coloring secular laws in a religious light. For example, the more zealous factions of Allanak's citizenry genuinely fear spice, believing its use might make them "spiritually impure" in the eyes of their king. Finally, some in Allanak have taken to using the phrase "Walk in His Shadow" as a blessing or word of parting. The phrase evokes the cooling shade and shelter that is the city of Allanak, a forbidding but protective point of respite in the blasted landscape of Vrun Driath. For others it is also a reminder that the entire city and its populace exists very literally in the shadow of their almighty king, He Who Rescued Us, the Highlord Tektolnes.
Tuluki Beliefs
The public sermons and grand temples of Allanak run contrary to Tuluki aesthetics. Any worship of the Sun King is usually subtle, restrained and private, but is still encouraged, considered a sign of patriotism and good character. Tuluk's templarate are referred to as the Faithful, granting them and anything they do an air of religiosity. The Faithful are rumored to have complex and highly developed philosophies that justify the rule of the Sun King Muk Utep and describe Tuluk's purpose in the world. These philosophies, if they actually exist, are generally considered state secrets.
One of the few ideas to spread to the masses is a strong sense of fate or destiny. As in Allanak, many common Tulukis believe that their god-king possesses at least some degree of omnipotence. Rather than squander his power with brazen displays like Tektolnes' draconic form at the siege of Allanak, Muk Utep prefers to subtly manipulate the events around his followers, constructing destinies. Certain individuals such as the Faithful, certain nobles, and a lucky few commoners might be marked for greatness and guided by Muk Utep's divine hand. Heroic tales and legends in Tuluk sometimes feature the conquering hero experiencing a string of remarkable good luck. Sometimes the villain is even slain by bad luck and obvious plot devices, buried under a rockslide or ripped apart by natural storms without the hero so much as lifting a finger. While these anticlimactic endings might seem strange or even comical to outsiders, Tulukis understand that these events are part of the hero's destiny and a reward for his devotion to the Sun King.
Tuluk's cultural predisposition for subtlety discourages calling Muk Utep by his name, at least publicly. Although not seen as heretical or even vulgar, it's still slightly uncouth, and Tulukis instead prefer to refer to Utep as the Sun King, or to make vague references to "His Light." In Tuluk, it's considered gauche to make obvious displays of deference to one's superiors. Instead, Tulukis are encouraged to find other ways of making their fear, love or loyalty known, and it is no different with their Sun King. Rather than build temples or preach in the streets, northerners try to find unique methods for honoring and communing with their god-king. One might show particular respect to the Faithful, while another might create artworks in the Sun King's honor, while another might choose to spend several nights awake in vigil and fasting, hoping for some particular blessing from His Gloriousness, Muk Utep.
Due to Tuluk's tribal roots and the lack of a proselytizing caste such as Allanak's white-robes, Tulukis also tend to be somewhat more tolerant of tribal beliefs, animism, or private cults. Of course, those who prove too ambitious and evangelical or otherwise let outside beliefs weaken their devotion to the Sun King might disappear, removed by Muk Utep's truly Faithful.
The tribal peoples of the Known World, free from the oppressive theocracies of the city-states, are free to worship and believe whatever they like. Many have incredibly complex and detailed spiritual beliefs, developed and refined over hundreds of years. Others are earthbound pragmatists with little to no faith to speak of, and individual beliefs vary greatly from tribe to tribe. Of the more spiritual tribes, common trends include animism, ancestor-worship and reverence for elemental forces.
Luir's Outpost, located at the physical center of the Known World, acts as a natural melting pot for various religious beliefs. Worshippers of He Who Rescued Us and faithful Tulukis mingle with wandering tribal shamans and prophets. Still, Luir's residents tend to care more about matters of commerce than matters of faith.
The people of Red Storm are a pragmatic and hard-bitten lot. As a result, atheism and agnosticism are especially common here. Those with spiritual inklings trend toward animism, due to their proximity to the Sea of Silt. An incredible, mysterious force of nature with the power to give life and take it away; if the Sea of Silt isn't a god, it's at least pretty close.
Those with knowledge of magick sometimes apply religious language and ideas to their spells. The various elements such as Ruk, Krath and Whira are often personified, and sometimes thought of as gods. Others construct philosophies around other magick symbols or concepts. These stray concepts rarely form into true religions. When they do, they are often considered dangerous and heretical by the templarate of both city-states.
Cults of personality are common throughout the Known World. The most famous example may be mystique surrounding Thrain Ironsword, leader of the forces that laid siege to Allanak in the Nineteeth Age, providing the impetus for the foundation of Allanak's white-robed templars. Many people, dwarves in particular, consider Ironsword a paragon to live up to, though few would consider him a god or anything similar. Allanaki citizens would do well to hide their reverence for Ironsword, as patriotic Allanakis largely consider him one of history's greatest monsters for his brazen attack on the Highlord's rule.
« Last Edit: September 06, 2010, 07:34:28 PM by FiveDisgruntledMonkeysWit »
EvilRoeSlade wrote:
You find a bulbous root sac and pick it up.
You shout, in sirihish:
"I HAVE A BULBOUS SAC"
A staff member sends:
"You are likely dead."
jstorrie
Re: Religion Docs- Rough Draft
Great start! I think that you may be placing too much emphasis on Drov. "Go to Drov" was always just an uncreative way of forcing "go to Hell" into the game. I don't think most Zalanthans have any inkling of what or where the plane Drov is, nor would they care too.
I don't like 'the Rescuers'. It sounds far too huggy for Allanak's 'fuck it, nobody is going to take care of you' mentality. The idea of Allanak having a sort of fundie faction seems a bit forced and doesn't match what I've seen in-game.
jriley
Quote from: FiveDisgruntledMonkeysWit on September 03, 2010, 03:19:19 PM
Many Zalanthans are completely atheistic, too focused on day-to-day survival to consider what (if anything) happens after they die. For these pragmatic minds, physical death means the cessation of conscious thought, and musings on the afterlife are little better than children's tales designed to terrify or pacify.
Strongly disagree with this paragraph, and think that it should be removed entirely, or perhaps amended to
Most Zalanthans inherit the religion of their parents, and it helps them to get through the rough issues that come up in day-to-day survival. For most urban zalanthans, this will be the official state-sponsored religion
EDIT: Otherwise looks really good. Nice job, man.
« Last Edit: September 03, 2010, 08:43:31 PM by jriley »
He said, "I don't fly coach, never save the roach."
Quote from: jriley on September 03, 2010, 08:41:23 PM
Strongly disagree with this paragraph, and think that it should be removed entirely
I appreciate your opinion, but I know that for lots of players, the sort of hopeless, faithless nature of Zalanthas is a major part of the flavor of the world. I honestly think (and have always gotten the impression) that large portions of the population of the city-states would have little to no spirituality to speak of beyond basic superstitions. This is something I would definitely like to hear more opinions on, especially from the staff. My point is, I think both completely atheistic and highly religious people would both be at home on Zalanthas. It's important that people be allowed to play atheistic characters without having to bend over backwards to explain their origins, or worse yet, without being branded "bad" roleplayers just because I wrote a doc out of nowhere that says otherwise.
Quote from: jstorrie on September 03, 2010, 07:07:49 PM
You might be right about placing too much emphasis on it, but I was trying to explain what the "common" views on the afterlife might be. I've never quite bought that Zalanthans would have absolutely no interest on what would happen to them after death. Since references to Drov are really common, I figure it'd make sense for some people to actually believe it, or think of it as a possibility. At any rate, I can certainly go back and insert a line about how for most people this is just an expression, at the very least.
In retrospect, I don't think I portrayed this quite right. I need to go back and insert a few lines about how, for most people, Tek and Muk aren't glorious saviors, but instead horrible, horrible tyrants. But still, I think you're wrong. A fundamentalist faction in Allanak makes perfect sense; there's even an entire order of templars (presumably sanctioned by the state) devoted to perpetuating it. They have temples, a clergy, morning devotions... why wouldn't at least a significant minority of the Allanak population start to believe the kankshit those white-robes are spewing every morning?
If your problem is with the name "the Rescued" in particular, I'm open to suggestions. I just thought it rolled off the tongue a little bit better than "Allanak state religion."
Aaron Goulet
I mostly agree. I would think that many people would take up the state religion to avoid the Highlord's wrath rather than seeking his benevolence, but the effects are ultimately the same in that:
A: They believe in Highlord Tektolnes as an omniscient, omnipotent ruler.
B: They worship Him accordingly.
I'm an empirical agnostic in real life, so I like to put it in the context of, "If the Devil was proven to exist and God was not, would I pray to the Devil in hopes of not getting fucked over?"
Plus, it makes you look like a model citizen, and who wouldn't want that?
Quote from: Zoltan
When in doubt, play dangerous, awkward or intense situations to the hilt, every time.
The Official GDB Hate Cycle
Right; that's exactly what I need to go back and clarify. Most people don't worship Tek because they think he's the bee's knees, but because they believe he might otherwise smite their sorry ass. Others would go along with it simply because it's socially convenient to suck up to the templarate that way. Only a small minority would honestly believe that Tektolnes is divine, and even they would probably fear him rather than love him.
Erythil
I totally dig it -- I was working on something like this but you obviously have a much more nuanced understanding of the gameworld and Allanak in particular. This could be fodder for great RP flavor.
Thunkkin
I'd be interested in seeing how the fountain in Nak's Dragon temple might affect things. On the one hand, most people can't afford that water. On the other hand, here is the city's ruler and servants making water available in a highly visible and dramatic fashion.
Without Tek and his control over the vivaduans, the city would quite literally thirst death, wouldn't they? So Tek is saving these people's lives on a daily basis by controlling and harnessing otherwise highly dangerous powers. This may or may not be the reality of the situation, but it might be an obvious interpretation to someone living in Nak. No Tek = no water.
The tricky part is getting both halves of Galadriel's "All will love me and despair." Especially the second part.
In D&D terms, Tek's state is Lawful Evil. The religion needs to celebrate that. It needs to glory in power, authority, brutal enforcement of rules, etc. Tek should be worshipped and loved not because he's lovable, but because he's deserving of love - an important distinction. He is the strongest and he has seized and maintained control, therefore, he is worthy of worship and service. Having personal power/strength and upholding the power of the state are virtues. Weakness and frailty are signs of impiety or unworthiness.
That would be my take on it.
Thanks for writing this up. Great discussion so far.
Quote from: Synthesis
Quote from: lordcooper
You go south and one of the other directions that isn't north. That is seriously the limit of my geographical knowledge of Arm.
Sarge?
Further thought:
The term 'Rescued' does seem to imply that the worshippers are weak and worship Tek because he keeps them safe. I think it would more fit the tone of Nak if Tek's worshippers served him because he made them strong, not safe. Might makes right.
So perhaps you don't pray to Tek for him to keep you safe. You pray that he will make you an instrument worthy of smiting his enemies. Both prayers might might be "Keep the gith from over-running the city" but the second prayer is a very Nakki way to pray for that result. If a worshipper feels that they are too weak or unworthy, then the prayer might be, "Oh Tek, lift up servants worthy of your power to smite our enemies." I could see a bold militia warrior praying, "Oh Tek, make me an instrument of your strength, to crush your enemies, see them driven before you, and to hear the lamentation of their women."
chuci
So, for Allanak, think Conan. Bravo.
What I got from the docs (General;cities;Allanak) is that Tektolnes rules Allanak out of sheer power, brutality and fear. From this, I really don't think your average commoner is grateful at all. You average commoner fears they very real, physical wrath of Tektolnes through his Templars. That is why they are obedient.
I'd like there to be a big distinction between Allanak and Tuluk, and 'religious' propaganda about being grateful and saying 'In his light' sounds like Tuluk's game. In Allanak, you don't think about defying those in charge because they will kill you on the spot, not because you love them.
If anything has changed (which it seems to have) it would be really good to have some solid docs on the subject. The 'cult' of Tektolnes or whatever. There's a lot of confusion with that city, like that of Militia soldiers being fiercely loyal, though in the docs they are described as being merely greedy for bribes.
brytta.leofa
I love this, 5DMW. You going to make a second draft?
The sword is sharp, the spear is long,
The arrow swift, the Gate is strong.
The heart is bold that looks on gold;
The dwarves no more shall suffer wrong.
Quote from: brytta.leofa on September 04, 2010, 12:21:00 PM
You going to make a second draft?
Yes, very soon. Just absorbing what people have said so far and waiting for a few more comments. I'll make a second draft either tonight or sometime in the next couple of days.
I would really like to see aspects of religion such as burial/body disposal practices, prayer, and so on covered.
Quote from: Decameron on September 16, 2010, 04:47:50 PM
Character: "I've been working on building a new barracks for some tim-"
NPC: "Yeah, that fell through, sucks but YOUR HOUSE IS ON FIREEE!! FIRE-KANKS!!"
Also, I should note, it would seem to me that proposed documentation pertaining to any of the templarate orders north or south is probably not going to be accepted, since there is a lot of documentation already on those topics, and such changes are likely to be a significant retcon. So I would encourage you to focus more on the common populace, what they would see/know/believe/do.
When someone is raised to believe something from birth, they'll believe. These people aren't exposed to perceptions other than thier own, and when they are, a common reaction would be hostility because it threatens the universality of their faith. Fundamentalism would be rampant in both city states, simply because the more you piss on someone, generally the more they'll cling to what little joy exists in their lives. God fosters a sense of community and purpose, both of which are essential ingredients for happiness.
A firm hand is handy, but this sense of community would be even stronger in the north where the magick inquisition (not a full on inquisition, but wouldn't that be awesome) provides the state with a convenient scapegoat for all its woes.
God is vengeful you say? Well, maybe so, but only to protect the faithful. Believers are good compassionate people, who rise above the heretical filth surrounding them to spread truth and love.
Quote from: science
An early study by Plaut and Kohn-Speyer (1947)[11] found that horse smegma had a carcinogenic effect on mice. Heins et al.(1958)
X-D
Huh, really? I was raised to believe in god from birth....But I do not.
A gaunt, yellow-skinned gith shrieks in fear, and hauls ass.
Lizzie:
If you -want- me to think that your character is a hybrid of a black kryl and a white push-broom shaped like a penis, then you've done a great job
Quote from: X-D on September 04, 2010, 01:43:01 PM
You also live in a postmodern age, pretty hard for anyone with more than two braincells to believe in one truth with so many of them floating around. Even so, many do. Purpose is a seductive mistress.
If "god" lived in a big tower that I could see every day and I witnessed his priests doing miracles in his name and smiting people ... yeah, I'd be a worshipper.
Quote from: Talia on September 04, 2010, 01:24:07 PM
Yeah, that would be cool. Also I think we need to include a section on Holidays. They should be celebrated maybe once every real life year, which would mean once every six game years.
Quote from: Thunkkin on September 04, 2010, 02:19:13 PM
Yeah, that's pretty much how I see it. I think that some players mistake what Tektolnes and Muk Utep are the gods of. They're not the gods of compassion. They're not the gods of justice. They're not the gods of equality. They're not the gods of peace, or of prosperity. They're the gods of safety. Life outside of their respective shadows are frought with violent peril. Inside of their spheres of influence, a reasonable level of safety exists.
Quote from: Spoon on September 04, 2010, 12:17:51 PM
If anything has changed (which it seems to have) it would be really good to have some solid docs on the subject.
Things have changed, only for the worse. It is interesting to ponder what effects that might have on one's faith.
This is something I would likely need help with. Burial practices alone might constitute its own doc. I know that there's a crematorium in Tuluk, but beyond that, body disposal is one of those things that, in my experience, has always been sort of brushed under the rug or handled virtually. If somebody who has more insight into this than I do wants to tackle it, and maybe amend it to this doc, I think that'd be great. I could try and include some burial stuff, but I would be (for the most part) talking out of my ass.
I do intend to add some common prayers, though, or at least describe how a Tuluki might pray versus how a 'Nakki might pray (I like the idea of 'Nakki praying for strength, rather than protection, for instance).
I'm not quite sure what you mean by this. All the white robe stuff (which, I admit, I do go into a lot of detail with) I'm basing off of this (emphasis mine):
Exactly one year after the beginning of the siege of Allanak, Tektolnes reappears in the guise of a dragon and breathes death upon the sieging army - the army ceases to exist. Over the course of the next few years, a temple is built near the entrance of the city, in which the newly formed white-robe templarate preach the worship of He Who Rescued Us, the Mighty Dragon Tektolnes.
http://www.armageddon.org/cgi-bin/help_index/timeline.cgi
The northern stuff is basically just doc-talk for "Find out IC." What, specifically, do you think crosses the line in retcon and would be rejected? If you can't say it hear on the boards, you can always PM or email me. Also, I really appreciate you stopping in to give a staff view, Talia. Thanks.
That... is an excellent point. Strange. Maybe Zalanthas isn't as atheistic as I've assumed during my last eight years of playing here. Still, I don't think my opening paragraph is too off-base. I think in a world as bleak as Zalanthas it would be difficult to have faith in anything at all. You might believe that Tektolnes exists, or assume he does, but doubt that he has anything even approaching divinity. You might doubt that he has any interest whatsoever in protecting you or smiting you, no matter what you do. It's still possible to accept the existence of the god-kings but still be 'atheistic' in the sense that you put absolutely no spiritual value in them (or anything else) whatsoever. Maybe I'll just switch the 'many' in the first line to 'some.'
Anyway, thanks all for your input so far. I really appreciate it. Here are the changes I'm planning on making in the second draft:
-Making clear that, for many, references to Drov as Hell are just a figure of speech.
-Making clear that most people worship the god-kings out of fear rather than love. This goes double for Tek.
-Possibly removing all reference to the Rescued. I wanted to add a little something cool to the gameworld by giving the 'Nakki state religion an official name, but it seems people would prefer that this document consolidate existing information, rather than invent new stuff. Which is fine.
-Work on a section detailing common practices and prayers, and holidays. For holidays, King's Age celebrations seem like a natural mention. Also, I think Allanak would likely have some sort of rememberance on the anniversary of Tektolnes breaking the siege of Allanak. I know it seems like I'm focusing on that a lot, but it's an important aspect of 'Nakki history, marking one of the few times Tek appeared before his followers (and actually did something that could be perceived as 'good' for them). This stuff might come a bit later, since I'll have to generate a lot of new material to cover it. Suggestions are very, very welcome.
Oh, also: there's been a lot of discussion about Allanak so far. What do people think about the other sections? Comments, questions, suggestions, violent objections?
You might believe that Tektolnes exists, or assume he does, but doubt that he has anything even approaching divinity.
What standard of divinity would a Nak citizen use as a comparison?
You might doubt that he has any interest whatsoever in protecting you or smiting you, no matter what you do. It's still possible to accept the existence of the god-kings but still be 'atheistic' in the sense that you put absolutely no spiritual value in them (or anything else) whatsoever.
Good points. Though, you WOULD know that the god-kings servants are VERY interested in protecting/smiting and that, from time to time, the god-kings do step out into public view to do a bit of smiting/protecting when their servants aren't up to it.
Perhaps include a line that "fear" can be nuanced. Perhaps it's awe - yes, you're afraid, but you're also impressed. After all, who else can even compete with your god-king? It might also be greed. Maybe you worship Tek because you want a slice of what he has and he seems to certainly make the lives of those he favors (templars, high-ranked militia, etc.) much nicer than yours. By worshipping him, you're aligning yourself with his power and hoping to reap the rewards of that power. Some people in our world will show extreme loyalty and our secular equivalent of "worship" for a boss/company, hoping to share in that boss/company's wealth/riches/prestige even if said boss/company is doing terrible, terrible things. Every rich, powerful jerk has a coterie of people who hang on his every word and show extreme loyalty (until the moment that said jerk is no longer rich or powerful). It might also be a sports-like fanaticism. Is Tek or Muk "evil" by "our" standards? Sure. How do they compare to everything else out there? Sure, you follow a cruel, authoritarian ... but that's better than all the other suckers out there who are suffering at the hands of gith, marauding elves, bandits, and the endless terrors of the sands. By aligning with Tek (or Muk), that makes you better than all the other poor schmucks out there. It gives you an identity and a purpose in an otherwise rather purposeless existence. I've seen people in our world with rather empty lives who hang their entire identity on some sports team that doesn't know who they are or care a shit about them, but they worship the team and the team's successes brings the fans endless ecstasy and joy because they (mistakenly) believe that they somehow participate in those successes. Same with politics.
I almost wonder if a name will emerge organically once the state religions are more clearly outlined.
I do recall that from time to time, in-game, cataclysmic events often triggered flash-in-the-pan minicults. I remember some Tuluki VNPCs talking about believing in the Plainsman, instead (though that was probably just Plainsie himself!); likewise Huge Fire-Mountain of Doom and/or Crazy Black Moon cults popping up in Allanak to varying degrees of success when those events occured. Nilaz cults seem to pop up with some degree of frequency. What would you think of a paragraph briefly describing how less-controlled areas of the cities (Warrens, UnderWaterTuluk, the Labyrinth, etc.) breed heretical cults from time to time?
In general, maybe, more discussion of cult-style beliefs? I think that they're the closest you see to religiosity in the cities. People don't have faith in Utep/Tek because they're gods, but simply because they appear totally invincible and awesome. I mean, in a world with gemmers eating babies and spreading magical cataclysms every Detal, it's not like the common man has any need to rely on conjecture to deal with the metaphysical. The metaphysical is right there, sitting at the end of the bar, and he's a filthy monster who you'd happily chop up with your bone swordz if you could get away with it. But you can't, so you swear fealty to the biggest monster around and hope he keeps the little ones in line.
Cappuccino by, KnownBB - SMF Hosting


text:
Q: Undefined method `connect' for class `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::MysqlAdapter' I am upgrading my application from rails 2.3 to rails 3.2.19 and using ruby 2.1.2. I am working on the upgrade but I am getting an error when I try to start the server which I am unable to resolve. Previously the app used mysql gem and now I am using mysql2 gem. I have changed the database.yml file and made it to mysql2 but still it gives me the following error:

/home/dan/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@upgrade/gems/activesupport-3.2.19/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/aliasing.rb:31:in alias_method': undefined methodconnect' for class ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::MysqlAdapter' (NameError)
      from /home/dan/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2@upgrade/gems/activesupport-3.2.19/lib/active_support/core_ext/module/aliasing.rb:31:inalias_method_chain'

This is what written in my database.yml file:
  development:
  adapter: mysql2
  encoding: utf8
  database: dev_database
  username: root
  password:
  pool: 5
  socket: /opt/lampp/var/mysql/mysql.sock

A: Have you defined "host" in database.yml like:-
development:
    adapter: mysql2
    encoding: utf8
    database: dev_database
    username: root
    password:
    host :localhost(0r 127.0.0.1)
    pool: 5
    socket: /opt/lampp/var/mysql/mysql.sock


5 Techniques To Stop A PTSD Attack!
Waking in the middle of the night with your heart pounding, extreme anxiety, body sweats and night terrors aren't fun. Plus the confusion, fatigue and sleep deprivation over time can be extremely challenging long term. If that wasn't bad enough, the automatic chemical releases that happen during a PTSD episode create long term adverse health issues such as dementia, heart disease, cancer and premature aging. Sound hopeless? It's not. There are things you can do to get your PTSD under control.
The Flight or Fight response is your bodies own protective mechanism which is made to protect you during adverse situations. When this flight or fight response engages your chemistry is engaged and a plethora of hormones are released to help you in a life threatening situation. Over time when this response is engaged repeatedly your body becomes confused and you don't know what is a real threat or a perceived threat.
The flight or fight response doesn't understand time so your body might also be confused that the event is actually happening right now even though you're resting in bed and there is no danger. It is such a strong response that an event that happens in 1985 could trick your body into feeling it's happening right now even though it's 30 years later.
PTSD can be very debilitating but it doesn't have to be. Here are five great ways to help when you are in the midst of a PTSD attack.
1. Your body does not know time. Only space. During a PTSD attack look around the room and acclimate your body to the real time and the space that you are in. Your body is confused and thinks the event is happening in that moment. It sounds crazy but speak out loud when doing this technique. Your thoughts are not convincing, but your words will be. State the time, the date, where you are at and that you are safe in your environment. State out loud the color of the walls, the color of the drapes and everything you see. This will acclimate your body into the current time and space. Again keep repeating the date, time, where you are at and that you are safe in your environment. Also state this event happened however many years ago and that your body is not in danger. This technique is very important. If you do this again and again, it will calm your body as well as acclimate your flight or fight response to where it actually is in linear time.
2. If you are not allergic to smells use lavender on your pillow case each night before going to bed. Lavender has a calming affect and helps to release DHEA which is the relaxant hormone that helps calm a PTSD attack down when it is unleashed.
3. Exercise, exercise, exercise. This is the number one way to help with PTSD. When you exercise you release many chemicals that naturally help you reset your body to a normal functioning level.
4. Diaphragmatic Breathing: See my earlier blog post to learn how to do this technique properly.
5. Cry! Have you ever noticed that you are exhausted and tired after you cry? That's because you elicit chemical responses during the crying process. Crying elicits the relaxation response and helps reset body chemistry. There are actually toxins in a particular type of tears that will help your chemistry as well. Release your tears and it will make you feel so much better. If you're used to stuffing down those emotions and just getting through the attack by not crying this will actually prolong PTSD.
6. Laughing! Laughing also helps promote the DHEA relaxation response that helps reset imbalanced adrenal chemistry. Find those moments in your day where you authentically laugh and keep those belly laughs coming. Long silly, zany, belly laughing bouts are not only fun but they will help you reset your chemistry more quickly.
There are many forms of bodywork that can also help with PTSD. Acupressure, Integrative Meridian Therapy, Somatic Trauma Release, Acupuncture, Meditation, Foot Reflexology designed for PTSD, Yoga and many forms of alternative therapies can help you regain your life and your sense of well being.
So next time you need a little help try one of the above or reach out to a practitioner in your community and allow them to assist you.


The movie Asuravithu, directed by A.K. Sajan, is ready to hit theatres. The story tells the woes of a mother and son. Annie works in a Christian seminary as a music teacher. Her ambition is to make her only son Don Bosco a priest and she always explains him the value of sermons and told inspiring spiritual stories about spirituality.
Nurtured in a spiritual situation, he joins the seminary. Bosco becomes a priest and reaches society to guide the people to follow the right path of God. But some how his life got shattered and became a dreadful one for his family, friends and society. Even his mother could not imagine how her son can behave in such a manner. Asif Ali dons the role of Don Bosco and Lena as his mother Annie teacher.
Samvritha Sunil plays the female lead in Asuravithu. The Director himself has penned the screenplay. Other cast includes Jagathy, Siddique, Vijayaraghavan, Harisree Asokan, Anil Murali, Arun Narayanan, Manraj, Dr. Roni, Ganapathi, Chandu, Mahul, Vishnu, Vidya Lakshmi, Rekha, Aparna Nair, Megha and Bindu Varappuzha. Rajesh Menon and Alphonse had scored the music for the lyrics penned by Kaithapram and Rafeeq Ahmed. Shaji Thanaprambil has produced the film under the banner of Leela Creations.


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2022 Mercedes-Maybach S 680 adds the V12 and even more opulence
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The 2022 Mercedes-Maybach S 680 is here, and the V12-powered sedan is taking its rightful place at the top of Mercedes' S-Class lineup. Yep, you read that right. The recently-revealed S-Class is retaining its 6.0-liter twin-turbo V12 — you just need to pony up for the top-tier Maybach version, not the already-debuted V8-powered Mercedes-Maybach S 580.
The hand-built 12-cylinder engine makes the same 621 horsepower and 738 pound-feet of torque as it did in the previous generation Mercedes-Maybach, but this time the effortless torque will be doled out via Mercedes' 4Matic all-wheel-drive system. That's new for the V12, as you could only get rear-wheel-drive before. Mercedes says the torque split is 69% to the rear axle and 31% to the front. This ensures that your chauffeur won't experience any undue slipping in inclement weather, an expected luxury in the engineering marvel that is the S 680. According to Mercedes, adding all-wheel drive required a stronger front axle and a new differential to handle the V12's prodigious torque. The 0-60 mph sprint happens in a luxurious 4.4 seconds, which is 0.2 second quicker than before.
A new "Dynamic Select" mode is supposed to make the ride and acceleration smoother than before, and the rear-axle steering of the standard S-Class is again made available on the Maybach — you can choose either 4.5- or 10-degrees of angle for the rear axle.
Moving beyond the oily bits to the interior luxury additions, Mercedes claims it made the cabin even quieter than before with the help of active road noise compensation and its Burmester "4D" sound system cancelling out road noise like noise-cancelling headphones do. The doors are powered to open and close on command by pressing buttons in the infotainment system — another feature chauffeurs should enjoy, as there's no longer any need to get up to physically open and close the doors. The feature is even integrated into the blind spot warning system to ensure you don't open a door into oncoming traffic. And if you really like gesture controls, Mercedes says the doors can be opened with hand waves, too.
Leather is simply everywhere, and it's the highest quality Nappa Leather Mercedes offers. Besides the obvious, you'll find this beautiful leather on the headliner, dashboard, instrument panel surrounds, glovebox, window frames, pillars, sun visors, door sill inserts and backrest pockets. Diamond quilting and contrast piping highlights the luxurious cabin, and Maybach emblems class it up further. New LED interior lighting makes the cabin feel more modern, and the MBUX Interior Assistant allows for even more hand gestures and automated processes for backseat passengers. For example, you can wave your hand to extend the rear sunblind in the back.
As for the design, the new S 680 builds on the already revised S-Class and looks just like the V8-powered Mercedes-Maybach S 580. You don't have to spec a two-tone paint finish like the example in Mercedes' launch photos depict, but it is available to further stand out from non-Maybach models. The chromed-up front grille (with Maybach lettering) and bumper are unique to the Maybach in what is certainly an attempt to bring even more elegance and flash to the table. The V12 badge sits proudly on the fenders, and those big wheels are meant to simulate champagne flutes. Both the exhaust and lower rear bumper are revised versus a standard S-Class, and the expected Mercedes-Maybach logo graces the rearmost pillar.
A price was not provided, but the current Mercedes-Maybach S 650 starts at $203,545. Expect this one to be even more when it arrives in the U.S. on account of its added all-wheel drive and additional features. Speaking of, Mercedes says the new S 680 should land here in the first half of 2022.
Related video:


This spring we were fortunate enough to secure funding from the Paul Hamlyn Foundation to run a schools project with pupils who are new to English, or have English as an additional language. Through our close work with schools across Leeds and Bradford, we became aware of the growing challenges secondary schools face around integration and engagement of pupils who are new to English. We were keen to explore creative approaches to these challenges, and deliver these in several schools across the region.
We're working with four partner schools through the project; Bishop Young Church of England Academy and The Cooperative Academy of Leeds in Leeds, and Appleton Academy and Dixon Kings Academy in Bradford. Through a series of 8 sessions, each group will work with poet Andy Craven Griffiths, writer Kamal Kaan and artist Alison Smith, engaging in creative writing and digital animation activities which aim to increase the pupils' engagement and confidence with English.
Summer term saw the delivery of the first half of these sessions in all four schools. The 60 pupils involved were able to try out several creative writing techniques to develop their own poems, which were chosen as they don't require too many technical language skills, instead allowing participants to play with words. The pupils are working with the themes of identity and transition, and took part in activities exploring journeys, treasured objects and list poems that explore their own identity and experiences. After playing around with these techniques the pupils have chosen their favourite poem to develop. In the autumn term the pupils will turn these poems into videos, developing visuals and storyboards and using iPads and digital storytelling software to record their poems, and create animitions to accompany them.
So far the sessions have been really successful, with pupils creating fantastic work that spans a huge range of subject matter. The young people from across the four schools represent a huge range of cultural backgrounds. Some have recently arrived in the UK from countries including Romania, Albania, Syria and Eritrea. Others were born here, but speak another language at home and face some challenges reading and writing in English. The themes the groups are exploring and the techniques used so far have produced a rich, diverse collection of voices, which we can't wait to see come to life through their animations.
The project will culminate in a sharing event in each school, where the videos created by the groups will be screened to friends, families and teachers. We will also be hosting CPD sessions in each school, inviting teachers from across the region to see the work created through the project and learn about the techniques used in the creative writing and animation activities.
If you would like to stay informed about this project and our other work in schools, you can join this mailing list to receive our Education and Outreach newsletters.