"Commercials are telling us that an armchair priced at two hundred and ninety nine pounds costs 'two-nine-nine' and that a three-piece suite priced at four hundred and ninety nine pounds can be ours for 'four-nine-nine'. "
"One is that it avoids having to mention high-sounding numbers like 'ninety' or 'a hundred'. The other is that these shorthand digital options save on costly air time: there are only three syllables in 'four-nine-nine' compared with eight syllables in 'four hundred and ninety nine pounds', which takes more than twice as long to say."
Three years later, this peculiar way of talking about prices is not only still on our screens, but the first of these reasons is arguably becoming rather more explicit. For example, in the above ad from Currys and PC World, we're told that we get "four hundred pounds off" for a first product that only costs "four-nine-nine", while the next one is "only five-nine-nine" or "four hundred pounds off".
In other words, the full (normal conversational) form is used to emphasise what a lot you "get off", whereas the digital (odd-sounding form) is used to emphasise how little the actual price is.
I can see how the ad agencies have managed to persuade their clients of the logic behind this bizarre usage, but very much doubt whether they have much in the way of hard evidence that it has the desired impact on TV viewers (for more on which, see HERE).
Did Mr Lickley pause for longer than usual at this particular point in the Tabak trial?
Reports of the prosecution's closing statement to the jury at the trial of Vincent Tabak on the BBC and Sky News websites, have reminded me of what got me interested in studying rhetoric and persuasive language in in the first place.
"Vincent Tabak is very clever, he is intelligent.
"There is another side to Vincent Tabak. He is dishonest, deceitful and he is a liar."
'We had plenty of tapes of court hearings, but the absence of any audible responses from jurors during the proceedings meant there was no way of knowing which parts of what was being said were having a positive impact on the audience that really matters.
'The reason why applause in political speeches seemed a promising place to start was because it provides instant and unambiguous evidence that listeners are (a) awake and paying close attention and (b) approve strongly enough of what's just been said to show their approval of it (by clapping hands, cheering, etc.)' - for more on which, see HERE.
Earlier this year, in a blog on Televising the Supreme Court: one small step towards a giant leap, I made the point that the original reasons for banning cameras and television from our courts had disappeared long before Paul Drew and I wrote Order in Court: the Organization of Verbal Interaction in Judicial Settings (Macmillan Press, 1978). Yet the best data we could get from courts in the UK had to come from observations and transcripts - though. ironically, we never had any trouble copying audio-tapes of American trials from colleagues in the USA.
More than 30 years later, the same constraint still applies, so that anyone anyone else foolish enough to take a technical interest in the detailed workings of courtroom language will still have to make do without access to the raw material of live recordings. Meanwhile, Sky News (perhaps from rather dubious financial motives) has been doing its best to break through the barriers (e.g. HERE, not to mention its recent coverage of the trial of Michael Jackson's doctor).
As I was still working at the Oxford Centre for Socio-Legal Studies after writing Our Masters' Voices in 1984, people used to ask, quite rightly, if the findings had any implications for speeches made to jurors in courts - and I'd very much like to have been in a position to give them an empirically grounded answer.
As far as we could tell from the American tapes to which we had access, exactly the same rhetorical techniques were being used in prosecution and defence statements to juries. But, at the points where applause would have occurred in a political speech, counsel were tending to pause for longer than usual - as if they were allowing the jurors time to engage in 'mental applause' and approval for the point they had just made.
On the basis of trials I've observed in English courts, I'd say that much the same seems to happen here too. But, so long as researchers aren't allowed access to actual recordings, it's impossible to check this against hard evidence.
Professional broadcasters should beware of saying "um" and "er"
The previous post on a famous broadcaster who speaks more effectively on television and radio than when he's lecturing (Melvyn Bragg) reminded me that there are also some professional broadcasters who punctuate their reports and interviews with rather more "ums" and "ers" than they should.
Someone I've noticed doing this is Adam Boulton, political editor of Sky News. On turning to YouTube for possible examples, even I was surprised that I had to look no further than the very first clip I came across (above), in which you'll hear 37 "ums" and "ers" in 150 seconds - at a rate of about one every 4 seconds.
A normal feature of conversational speech is the way we punctuate much of what we say with ums and ers. But, for audiences trying to listen to a speech (or broadcast) this can become a major source of irritation, because presenters who retain their normal conversational umming/erring rate come across as hesitant, lacking in confidence, uncertain of their material and badly prepared.
In conversation, one of the commonest places for ums and ers is right at the start of a new speaker's turn, where we use them to avoid what might otherwise be heard as a potentially embarrassing silence - by indicating: "I'm not being impolite or disagreeable but am about to respond any second now". But some public speakers (and broadcasters) make a habit of starting almost every new sentence with an um or an er, of which they're typically completely unaware of until they hear themselves on tape - when most are appalled by the negative impact they must have had on their audience.
Another place where we often um or er in conversation is when we suddenly find ourselves stuck for a word or name we need to be able to carry on. We know that, if we simply stay silent while searching for the word, someone else will use the pause as a chance for them to speak, thereby preventing us from finishing whatever it was we were about to say. So saying um or er is a simple and effective device for letting everyone know that you haven't finished yet and that it's still your turn.
If the primary functions of ums and ers in conversation are to avoid silences and reduce the chances of being interrupted, they lose their point in presentations and broadcasts. After all, presenters are not competing to hold the floor in the same was as in everyday conversation and, once in full flow, they certainly don't need to keep reminding us that they've just started a new sentence. As a result, umming/erring rates that would be perfectly normal and hardly noticed in everyday conversation stand out as needless distractions when heard from the mouths of presenters.
In defence of Mr Boulton?
Tomorrow's World style demonstration that's far removed from his natural habitat of political interviewing and reporting.
But the reason I started looking for a video clip of him in the first place was that I'd often noticed (and been surprised by) the frequency of his umming and erring in his regular contributions on Sky News.
Nor, would it appear, am I alone in having done so - as his was one of the names mentioned on Twitter yesterday after I'd invited people to guess the identity of the umming/erring television news presenter about whom I was planning a blog.
P.S. BBC policy on ums & ers?
ers had changed over the years and I'd be curious to hear confirmation that this was indeed so (or not). Does anyone know whether that there was a time when all ums and ers were edited out of recorded BBC interviews with inexperienced interviewees as a matter of course, followed by a period when all of them were left in (to ensure greater 'authenticity') and eventually ending up with a 50:50 compromise in which some, but not all, were deleted? Or am I just dreaming?
In his autobiography, the late Professor A.J. Ayer, noted that he'd been surprised to discover, when appearing long ago on BBC Radio's The Brains Trust, that broadcasting was very different from lecturing - in that it worked perfectly well for him and the other participants to speak at their normal conversational speed.
A: "There was too much to be able to take in."
B: "And he kept rambling off the subject with too many digressions."
I resisted the temptation to intervene with the strangers to express my complete agreement that he had indeed tried to cover far too much ground in a lecture that was also sadly lacking in structure and direction.
To these complaints, I would have added: "He also spoke far too quickly for a lecture, and especially one that went on for far too long" (i.e. 90 minutes).
Bragg is, of course, a very experienced award-winning broadcaster - whose South Bank Show was seen as so crucial to London Weekend Television's franchise bid (after the 1990 Broadcasting Act) that he was one of a small group of staff who were paid multi-million pound 'golden handcuffs' to keep them with the company during and after the bid.
But, unlike Professor Ayer, he doesn't seem to have realised that lecturing calls for a rather different pace than broadcasting - not least because listeners are up against problem of trying to stay awake and pay attention to a far longer stream of talk than is ever the case in any of his television or radio programmes (or in everyday conversation, where the average length of turns at talk is about 8 seconds).
For radio listeners, eavesdropping on conversations, even intellectual ones like those on Bragg's In Our Time on BBC Radio 4, is easy enough. But he needs to learn that pausing much more frequently, and for much longer than you would ever do in a conversation (or on radio), is crucial to effective public speaking - and that includes lecturing.
In conversation, native speakers of English talk at a rate of about 180 words per minute, whereas the speed of effective public speakers is 120 words per minute (for more on which, see Lend Me Your Ears).
Since the beginning of the Arab Spring, I've been a regular visitor to the AlJazeera website to keep up with the latest news.
Today, they've posted a collection of quotations from Gaddafi which make fascinating reading - not just in themselves, but because most of them are even more bizarre than any of the entries to the 'doomed dictators speechwriting competition' earlier this year.
As soon as Muammar Gaddafi seized power in Libya in 1969, at the age of 27, he launched into a perplexing and controversial career as a speech-maker that now spans more than 40 decades. In scattershot diatribes that at times stretched to several hours, Gaddafi astounded audience at Libya and abroad.
Famously dubbed the "mad dog of the Middle East" by Ronald Reagan, the former president of the US, Gaddafi did little to dispel that nickname in his wild orations and writings. In 1975, he outlined his political philosophy in "The Green Book" which carried the subtitle, ""The Solution to the Problems of Democracy; The Social Basis to the Third Universal Theory."
"I am an international leader, the dean of the Arab rulers, the king of kings of Africa and the imam of Muslims, and my international status does not allow me to descend to a lower level."
— Remarks to a crowd including King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia and having his microphone cut on March 30, 2009, as quoted by The Scotsman in the article "Gaddafi walks out of summit after attack on Saudi king" by Salah Nasrawi.
"There is no state with a democracy except Libya on the whole planet."
— Spoken at a conference at Columbia University in New York City on March 23, 2008.
"I am convinced that the [Israel-Palestine] solution is to establish a democratic state for the Jews and the Palestinians, a state that will be called Palestine, Isratine, or whatever they want. This is the fundamental solution, or else the Jews will be annihilated in the future, because the Palestinians have [strategic] depth."
"If a community of people wears white on a mournful occasion and another dresses in black, then one community would like white and dislike black and the other would like black and dislike white. Moreover, this attitude leaves a physical effect on the cells as well as on the genes in the body."
"[Abraham] Lincoln was a man who created himself from nothing without any help from outside or other people. I followed his struggles. I see certain similarities between him and me."
— Pulbished in The Pittsburgh Press on August 3, 1986, in the article "Gadhafi, the man the world loves to hate" by Marie Colvin.
"Irrespective of the conflict with America, it is a human duty to show sympathy with the American people and be with them at these horrifying and awesome events which are bound to awaken human conscience. When I was five, my brother was shot by an Israeli soldier, since then I have been dedicated to uniting the Arab countries throughout the Middle East and retain a trade flow with the West."
— Reaction to the September 11, 2001, attacks as quoted by CBSNews.com on September 12, 2001.
"All right, then nobody can complain if we ask pregnant women to make parachute jumps."
— Defending his belief that women's "defects" meant that their place was in the home as quoted by TIME on July 23, 1975.
"Libya is an African country. May Allah help the Arabs and keep them away from us. We don't want anything to do with them. They did not fight with us against the Italians, and they did not fight with us against the Americans. They did not lift the sanctions and siege from us. On the contrary, they gloated at us, and benefited from our hardship…"
"There is a conspiracy to control Libyan oil and to control Libyan land, to colonise Libya once again. This is impossible, impossible. We will fight until the last man and last woman to defend Libya from east to west, north to south."
— audio message broadcast on Al-Ouroba TV, a Syria-based satellite station, on August 25, as oppostion forces began as assault on Tripoli.
Another King's speech: "Syrian soldiers and security personnel are innocent"
Arabic speakers boo at names too!
Resignation speeches tend to be at their best when a cabinet minister has taken the initiative to resign, as in the cases of Sir Geoffrey Howe, Nigel Lawson and Robin Cook.
So I wasn't expecting much from the statement by the departing Dr Fox in the House of Commons earlier today. Nor did we get very much.
"Too much like an Oscar acceptance speech"
Two engaging women speakers from British politics - and two models for powerful women?
During the Labour Party conference last month, I raised the question of whether some of the party's leading women, such as Yvette Cooper, Caroline Flint and Harriet Harman, are better speakers than the party's current generation of leading men.
On hearing the 81 year old Shirley Williams speaking at the Wells Literary Festival the other night - along the lines of the above from a similar speech she made at the Stratford-upon- Avon Literary Festival - I realised that there's nothing particularly new about effective women speakers holding their own with their male contemporaries and rising to the higher reaches of the Labour Party (and later, in her case, within the SDP and Liberal Democrats too).
Long before Williams and the three male members of the 'gang of four' had broken away from Labour to form the SDP, she had been a cabinet minister in the Wilson and Callaghan governments. And, from quite early in her political career, she was sometimes mentioned as a possible first woman Labour leader and even as a possible first ever woman prime minister.
Although these both eluded her, she's still not only a very engaging speaker, but also one who's retained an energy to rival many, if not most, speakers who are very much younger than she is. During her brief stay in Somerset this weekend, she was making speeches and taking questions from 1930-2130 on Friday night and from 0930-1130 and 1230-1400 on Saturday (i.e. for about 50% of the waking hours she was here).
As if that wasn't enough, she was planning to spend her train journey back to London reading a few more hundred pages of the health bill and its amendments in the current House of Lords debate in which she is playing a very active part.
Twenty years older than Shirley Williams was another leading figure in Harold Wilson's Labour government, the late Barbara Castle. I haven't been able to find any clips of her speeches on YouTube - where there seem to be more of Miranda Richardson playing her in the film Made in Dagenham than there are of the real Mrs Castle - but some of us are old enough to remember that she too was a much better than average public speaker.
In Our Masters' Voices and some of the blog posts below (especially HERE), I suggested that Margaret Thatcher had found a solution to the professional woman's problem of being damned if they behave like a man and damned if they behave like a woman by being tough and decisive in her actions while being uncompromisingly female in her external appearance – and that this was summed up by the nickname the 'Iron Lady', capturing as it does both 'strength' and 'femininity'.
In this respect, Barbara Castle, regarded in her day as being as tough, glamourous and well-dressed, came much closer to the Thatcher model for women politicians than Shirley Williams ever did.
At the time of writing Our Masters' Voices, I remember suggesting somewhere that Mrs Williams represented a rather different available role-model for women in politics than the one offered by Thatcher and Castle: the 'intellectual', ' blue-stockinged', 'untidy', 'verging on scruffy' stereotype of the female Oxbridge don (or Women's Institute lecturer).
As for whether she consciously developed such an image, there are at least two pieces of evidence that she is certainly aware of it in retrospect.
One is that she actually referred, without any prompting, to her erstwhile reputation for having untidy hair during the talk she gave on Friday night.
Are Labour's leading women better speakers than Labour's leading men?
People sometimes tell me that it's all very well to bang on about the power of using imagery to get messages across (as in 'Painting Pictures with Words', Lend Me Your Ears, Ch. 7 and various other posts on this blog), but that it won't help much if you're speaking about technical subjects, let alone taking an audience to the frontiers of science.
A few days ago BBC Radio 4's Material World (listen again HERE) included a discussion of the contribution made by Professor Ralph Steinman who died just before being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology. In this sequence, we're told that T cells act "as the generals of the army" and dendritic cells which "instruct T cells who to attack".
It's supposed to be a sure sign of growing older when you start thinking that police officers and doctors are getting younger. Another is when you realise that more and more significant anniversaries are taking place of events you think of as recent memories.
For me, the latest reminder of this is the news that it's 50 years since the fortnightly satirical magazine Private Eye was first published.
Not only do I remember it well, but I was also an early salesman and have been a subscriber and (very occasional) contributor ever since.
Selling the Eye outside university cafeterias was my first serious business venture. Lord Gnome had rightly seen students as a promising source of potential readers and had invited volunteers to join his sales force.
Once a fortnight, all I had to do was to go down to the station and collect my 6o copies of the latest edition, then priced at 1/6d (one shilling and sixpence, or 7.5 pence in new money) - for which I had to pay 1/- (one shilling, or 5 pence in new money) each, leaving a net profit of 30 shillings (£1.50 in new money) per fortnight.
These days, 75 pence a week may sound like a pittance. But when pubs sold a pint of beer for the equivalent of 7.5 pence, it was riches indeed.
For years, I tried unsuccessfully to get Private Eye to publish my hilariously funny (?) cartoons, only to be bombarded with rejection slips suggesting that I should send them to Punch magazine (now coming up to the 10th anniversary of its demise in 2002).
I also rather regret that nothing I've written has ever made it into Pseuds' Corner, even though I know that such acclaim can have embarrassing consequences. Someone (and we haven't forgotten who you are) had successfully submitted a sentence from article about conversational turn-taking that one of my best friends had published in a learned journal.
When I told him that I was rather envious because nothing of mine had ever got into Pseuds' Corner, he warned of the dire consequences such recognition can have. It had been published a few days before he was due in Cambridge to serve as external examiner in a PhD viva. As he put it "they already think we're mad enough to be doing conversation analysis in the first place, without being able to rub it in by waving Private Eye at me before the meeting started."
It wasn't until the mid-1980s that I finally managed to extract a cheque from Lord Gnome for a photograph that I'd taken of the village sign outside a village in Northamptonshire that bore the legend "Silverstone - please drive slowly."
Even then, it had seemed like another rejection for the many months it failed to appear in the I Spy feature, making me grumpier by the fortnight. Then, to give them their due, it turned out that they hadn't binned it after all, but had merely been waiting, with the journalistic flair we expect from Private Eye, to publish it the week before that year's British Grand Prix at Silverstone.
More recently, the Eye published another photograph I'd taken of a fly-posted planning notice from Mendip District Council - at a time when they were wasting unspecified amounts of council-tax payers' money on a campaign against fly-posting notices of forthcoming village events on 'items of street furniture', i.e. MDC jobsworthy jargon for telephone and electricity posts... (continued on p. 94).
Listen again: Lord Gnome aged 49 and 3 quarters - Michael Crick, BBC Radio 4 (8th October - for another 6 days).
At this time last year, I posted a video clip of audiences clapping out the conference season (HERE).
This year, I've produced a compilation of members of a conference audience listening in rapt attention (?) with musical backing from Flipron's The End of Summer (from their album Biscuits for Cerberus). Much admired for Jesse Budd's lyrics and Joe Atkinson's brilliance on the keyboards, this particular sequence neatly catches a suitable mood for marking the end of the party conference season.
When I bought my first computer in 1985, I came very close to buying an Apple Macintosh but chickened out and bought an Apricot (with two slots for 750K floppy disks).
About twenty years later, while staying with John Heritage in Los Angeles, I found myself being marched into the student shop at UCLA, where he made me buy my first MacBook.
Since then, I quickly upgraded to a MacBook Pro, have acquired a desktop MacPro and have been using an iPhone since the first week of its launch in the UK.
To expand on all the many virtues of being liberated from the familiar nightmares of using a Windows computer would be to risk a very long and boring blogpost. So suffice it to say that the incredible reliability and ease of using the iMovie program that's built into Macs has saved me thousands of hours in preparing demo clips both for lectures and courses and for posting as examples on this blog.
For example, preparing this particular movie - including retrieval of the music, selecting and editing the clips and aligning them with the backing - took less than half an hour.
And, as if that's not enough to be grateful to Steve Jobs for, he also stood out among CEOs as an extremely effective presenter from whom there was much that other business leaders could and should learn.
A couple of years ago, I posted some video clips showing how Margaret Thatcher's speech-making became less effective when she stopped using hard copy scripts and started reading speeches from teleprompter screens (HERE).
A few months later, I realised that I'd been mistaken in thinking that David Cameron was having problems reading from screens - as it turned out that he wasn't using an Autocue or any other form of teleprompter at that time (HERE).
But yesterday Mr Cameron had not only taken to using a teleprompter for his leader's speech, but was also encountering the same kinds of difficulties that diminished Mrs Thatcher's effectiveness all those years ago.
Here you can see see two examples of him falling into the same trap as Mrs Thatcher . In both cases, he sets up what's coming as an applaudable point. But in both cases, nothing happens for so long (2-3 seconds) that he's already carried on again by the time it finally does - at which point he has to break off.
Also in both cases he seems to acknowledge the glitch with a slight nod, indicating, perhaps: "yes, it is your turn and you should jolly well have started a bit sooner than that"?.
Given that Cameron is more effective than most of his contemporaries at speaking from scripts on a lectern, I'd advise him to ditch the teleprompter forthwith.
Or, if his aides have cooked up some reason that's convinced him it's a good idea, they should also convince him that he's going to need a lot more practice if he's to get anywhere near his effectiveness with old-fashioned scripts (or, for that matter, with no script at all, as in the 10 minute speech that clinched the leadership for him at the beauty parade in 2005).
Politicians and broadcasters in the UK: collaboration or capitulation?
Why did some Labour members boo & clap when Miliband mentioned tony Blair?
Did the BBC change its mind on publicising the snake Miliband landed on yesterday?
Preparing for speechwriting course in Brussels this week, I thought it would be nice to include an example of a 'local' using some of the main rhetorical techniques in one of my demo tapes.
PUZZLE: This is Europe's moment of truth.
SOLUTION: Europe must show that its more than 37 different national solutions.
CONTRAST (with swimming metaphor + alliteration): We either swim together or sink separately.
Not surprisingly, this selection of key rhetorical techniques worked well enough for it to be singled out by the media as a sound bite - but it didn't impress everyone.
British readers may be interested to see that, of the five MEPs shown just before Mr Barroso starts speaking, the only one who doesn't join in with the applause is none other than Nigel Farage, leader of UKIP (the UK Independence Party).
Whether or not you're one of his supporters or opponents, it has to be admitted that his behaviour here is admirably consistent with his long-standing antipathy towards the EU.
A recurring observation on this blog during last year's party conference season was that audiences at the Liberal Democrat and Conservative party conferences were rather lukewarm about the coalition government they had just formed (see below). This was indicated by the fact that applause for mentions of it tended to be either delayed or failed to reach the 'normal' 8 seconds burst (or both) - e.g. HERE and HERE.
But in George Osborne's speech earlier today, there was evidence of a greater willingness among Conservative party activists to show their approval of the coalition than they were at this time a year ago.
When the Chancellor commended the Liberal Democrats for "working as a coalition together in the national interest" (about 30 seconds into the above clip) the audience not only started clapping more or less straight away, but they also managed to keep it going for a healthy 10 seconds.
Did David Miliband lose because he was too old and experienced?
What a peculiar Tory backdrop, Part 2: What do the flags mean?
Delayed applause for Cameron's government - from the Conservatives!
Was it, I wonder, pure coincidence that BBC2's schedule last night included some archive footage of the original Frost-Nixon interview (including the above), followed by the film version of the events surrounding and leading up to it?
After all, the party conference season, with its mix of extended interviews with politicians, very short clips from their speeches and much longer clips from media commentators telling us what they're talking about, has yet to grind to a close.
From my point of view, having started the season by asking why our politicians are so willing to play snakes and ladders under media rules that give them little chance of landing on anything but a snake (HERE), the chance to see the Frost-Nixon film could hardly have come at a more appropriate time.
Here was a disgraced American president who thought himself smart enough to run rings around a talk-show host and salvage his reputation - only to be lured into landing on about as damaging a snake as David Frost and his media colleagues could ever have dreamt of.
A quarter of a century earlier, claims that vice-presidential candidate Nixon might have misappropriated campaign funds almost forced his withdrawal as President Eisenhower's running mate.
What saved him was not an interview, but the carefully crafted 'Checkers speech' (still ranked as the 6th greatest political speech on the American Rhetoric website).
Interestingly, both the name it became known by and much of its powerful impact derived from a simple anecdote about his children and a little cocker spaniel dog.
I think our current politicians could do worse than to watch both - and reflect on what a single interview and a single speech did for Nixon's political reputation.
Were they to do so, they might think again about what, if anything, they are gaining from their tacit collusion with broadcasters about the relative merits of interviews and speeches as alternative ways of communicating their messages (and conveying positive/negative images of themselves) to a wider public.
(You may have to put up with a 15 seconds commercial before this starts).
Notes on conversation, communication, public speaking - and life in general.
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text:
Schedule of Readings
28 Introduction (No reading)
3 KANT AND SCHOPENHAUER, "The Will as Thing in Itself," 91-103
5	SCHOPENHAUER II, "The Primacy of the Will in Self-Consciousness," 126-130
10	SCHOPENHAUER III,"Character and Motivation," "Virtue and Renunciation," "The Incommunicable," 104-125
12 HEGEL I, "The General Concept of Logic," 61-75
17 HEGEL II, "Master and Servant," "Stoicism, Skepticism, The Unhappy Consciousness," 43-60
19	HEGEL III, "Philosophical History," "The Nature of Historical Change," 76-87
24	MARX I, "Critique of Hegel's Dialectic and General Philosophy," 263-272
26	MARX II, "Theses on Feuerbach," "Ideology in General, German Ideology in Particular," 281-288
31	MARX III, "Alienated Labor,"	273-280
2	KIERKEGAARD I, "The Absolute Paradox," "An Existential System is Impossible," 291-300
7	KIERKEGAARD II, "Faith and the Absurd," 301-308
9	KIERKEGAARD III, "Melancholy," "The Concept of Dread," "Subjective Dread," "Dread as a Saving Experience," 309-320
14	NIETZSCHE I, "Life, Knowledge and Self-Consciousness," "'Reason' in Philosophy," "The Error of Free Will," "The Illusion of Moral Judgment," 323-331, 360-366
16	NIETZSCHE II, "Master Morality and Slave Morality," "Bad Conscience," 344-359
21	NIETZSCHE III, "The "Prejudices of the Philosophers," 332-343
23	THANKSGIVING
28	DOSTOYEVSKY I, Notes from Underground, Part I, 3-28
30	DOSTOYEVSKY II, Notes from Underground, Part II, 29-89
5	OTHER PHILOSOPHERS (No reading)
7	CONCLUSION (No reading)
Nineteenth Century Philosophy

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Quotes tagged "Relatable"
"Sometimes, the funniest thing to say is mean. You know what I mean?"
— Dave Chappelle,	The Bird Revelation
Tagged: Relatable, being mean
"Can everybody stop making such great binge-worthy television for a couple minutes? I'm finding it incredibly hard to accomplish anything in my life because I have so many shows to catch up on."
— Elan Gale
Tagged: Television Shows, Television Series, Binge-Watching, Relatable
"I feel a deeper connection with anyone who has the same music taste as me."
— Brandon Woelfel
Tagged: Relatable, Music Taste, Connecting Over Music
"7-year-old: I feel sorry for Jesus.
7: He was born on Christmas."
— James Breakwell
Tagged: Christmas, Relatable, birthdays on christmas, Children, kids
"Me: What do you want to do today?
7-year-old: Nothing.
Me: You can't do that all day.
7: I can do it all week."
Tagged: Children, kids, Relatable, relatable children
"7-year-old: Time for a break.
Me: A break from what? You're not doing anything.
7: It's exhausting."
"Me: What's wrong?
5-year-old: I'm hungry and not hungry.
I understand completely."
Tagged: Hunger, Hungry, Children, kids, food, Relatable
"Me: *turns on the bedroom light*
1-year-old: *screams like she's been physically hurt*
— James Breakwell,	via twitter.com
Tagged: Light Switch, lights on, horror with lights turning on, Relatable
"We may not be aware of it, but we are constantly changing our loyalties. The external self claims us at work or enjoying ourselves at a party or buying a new house. The private self claims us in matters of the heart, in moments of depression and anxiety, and in our family life. The unconscious self does whatever it wants to, and hard as we try to keep it at bay, everyone knows the experience of sexual appetite, raging fury, and nightmares—perhaps nightmares are our purest encounters with the dark side of the unconscious."
— Deepak Chopra,	Why You Aren't Who You Think You Are
Tagged: Personality, Identity, Loyalty, loyalties, Relatable, external relationships, Private life, self, self awareness, Mind
"I walked, talked, ate, drank, fell in love and out of love faster than anybody I ever knew."
— Jeff Buckley,	www.aparchive.com
Tagged: Relatable, Broken Heart, Failed Relationships
"It's exciting when you find parts of yourself in someone else."
— Annaka Silvia,	Quote by Annaka Silvia
Tagged: Relatable, Friendship, Companionship, Relationship, Excitement
"You're the only person I've ever met who seems to have the faintest conception of what I mean when I say a thing."
— Virginia Woolf,	The Voyage Out
Tagged: Connection, Relationship, Love, Relatable
"But most of all, I like to watch people. Sometimes I ride the subway all day and look at them and listen to them. I just want to figure out who they are and what they want and where they are going."
— Ray Bradbury,	Fahrenheit 451
Tagged: Relatable, Curiosity, humanity, Watching People
"It's one of my theories that when people give you advice, they're really just talking to themselves in the past."
— Mark Epstein,	Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You About Being Creative
Tagged: Advice, Relatable, Past, Reflection, Theory
"One kind of good book should leave you asking: how did the author know that about me?"
— Alain de Botton,	Alain de Botton on Twitter
Tagged: Relatable, book, novel, Reader
"We're talking about the novel, right? But maybe we're not. We're talking about ourselves. And I guess that's what can start to happen when you talk about a book."
— Meg Wolitzer,	Belzhar
Tagged: book, Reflection, Relatable
"I do nothing, and I fret about it."
— Leo Tolstoy,	Anna Karenina
Tagged: Relatable, procrastination
"In movies, when the super villain tells his origin story I honestly get worried because I relate so hard."
— Anna Kendrick,	Twitter
Tagged: Movies, Villains, Relatable, Real Life, humor
"On December 31st of 1958 Lila had her first episode of dissolving margins. The term isn't mine, she always used it. She said that on those occasions the outlines of people and things suddenly dissolved, disappeared. That night, on the terrace where we were celebrating the arrival of 1959, when she was abruptly struck by that sensation, she was frightened and kept it to herself, still unable to name it... It seemed to her that everyone was shouting too loudly and moving too quickly. This sensation was accompanied by nausea, and she had had the impression that something absolutely material, which had been present around her and around everyone and everything forever, but imperceptible, was breaking down the outlines of persons and things and revealing itself. Her heart had started beating uncontrollably. She had begun to feel horror at the cries emerging from the throats of all those who were moving about on the terrace amid the smoke, amid the explosions, as if the sound obeyed new, unknown laws. Her nausea increased, the dialect had become unfamiliar, the way our wet throats bathed the words in the liquid of saliva was intolerable. A sense of repulsion had invested all the bodies in movement, their bone structure, the frenzy that shook them. How poorly made we are, she had thought, how insufficient. The broad shoulders, the arms, the legs, the ears, noses, eyes seemed to her attributes of monstrous beings who had fallen from some corner of the black sky. And the disgust, who knows why, was concentrated in particular on her brother Rino, the person who was closest to her, the person she loved most."
— Elena Ferrante,	My Brilliant Friend: Neapolitan Novels, Book One
Tagged: what anxiety feels like, anxiety in literature, Truth, Relatable, Depression, World, Perspective, coming of age
"Once, I saw a bee drown in honey, and I understood."
— Nikos Kazantzakis,	Honey
Tagged: Relatable, Passion, Bees, Honey


Eagle Eye's LB-Series Constant Current DC Load Banks are battery discharge testers designed for battery capacity testing, acceptance testing, battery maintenance, and other testing of DC systems. The LB-Series constant current load banks are portable, economic, reliable and user-friendly. With over (100) standard models and an operating range of 1 – 600V / 0 – 2,000A, the LB-Series is used in a variety of industries including utilities, telecommunications, UPS, motive power/forklifts, transportation, CATV, and many more. The intelligent technology allows a constant current discharge without the need for any adjustments during the test.
In addition to the base CC models, (2) additional constant current load bank packages that incorporate added features to suit the full range of our customer needs. These advanced models provide the standard CC features PLUS Data Management software, PER CELL monitoring, LCD screen, data storage, and programmable load steps. Refer to the catalog page in the downloads section for a list of all available models.
Are the LB-Series constant current load banks compatible with online applications?
Yes, the constant current load bank could be used in an online application however we do not recommend this practice unless testing the performance of the charger / rectifier as discharging the batteries while connected to a load source leaves the batteries vulnerable for system failure.
What is meant by constant current?
Constant current means that the load bank will deliver a constant load set by the user from the beginning to end of a load test regardless of the drop in voltage.
What safety cutoffs do the LB-Series Constant Current load banks have?
The DC load bank will shut down based on user adjustable settings of time, string voltage, and capacity. It also has thermal protection shutdown.
Is the load bank able to discharge strings in parallel?
As long as the nominal voltage falls within the working voltage of the specific unit the load tester will be able to discharge parallel strings.
Eagle Eye's Constant Current DC Load Banks are user-friendly and cost-effective for continuous DC load testing. Easily begin the test by programming the load test parameters with the keypad. The LB-Series Constant Current Load Banks have an LED display for voltage, current & test duration. Optional Data Management Software is available to monitor discharge events in real time, record data, analyze, remote start & stop tests, and create reports. Reports are exported to Microsoft Excel or Word and can be customized by the user. The LB-Series CC models will automatically adjust the current during the discharge test. Furthermore, the current output and cutoff parameters are both view-able and adjustable at any time during discharge testing. This is beneficial to customers looking to step their current loads up or down at certain intervals.
Previously used parameters are automatically saved after powering off the machine. The load banks have three settings to auto-stop the discharge: 'Test Time', 'End Voltage' & 'Exceed Capacity'. In addition, an alarm will sound and end the discharge in the event of overheating, an abnormal disconnection of the battery, or if improper polarity is detected. The equipped cooling fans continue to run automatically after each discharge test to ensure maximum heat protection and prevent overheating.


Fitness goals come in all shapes and sizes, just like our bods.
Flywheel CLT is rolling out a prescriptive type fitness program called FlyRX, a new personalized program for SuperFLY members, to help reach their fitness goals—without guesswork, without overtraining, and with all the coaching they need.
FlyRx, is an instructor-curated fitness 'prescription' that runs from April 22-June 2, 2019.
To participate in-studio, you'll need a SuperFly Membership, which gives you complimentary access to Fly On Demand off-bike workouts (FlyBarre, FlyFIT, and FlyRecover), wherever you are.
Please join as a SuperFLY, upgrade your membership or log in to sign up.
SuperFLY members pick one of the 4 fitness protocols that best suits their goals this spring.
GET LEAN The workouts: Flywheel / FlyFIT Featuring our two HIIT-based workouts and heavier weights, this cardio-focused FlyRx was designed for those who want to maximize calorie burn.
GET SLEEK AND STRONG The workouts: FlyFIT / FlyBarre Incorporating all off-bike workouts, this FlyRx will help you improve muscle definition and strength, increase your cardiovascular performance, boost confidence, and feel empowered.*Get Sleek and Strong available exclusively for studio participants.
BURN AND TONE The workouts: Flywheel / FlyBarre Combining two Fly classics, this FlyRx is best for those who want to sweat it out, tighten up with light weights, and feel amazing.
RIDE AND RESTORE The workouts: Flywheel / FlyRecover This FlyRx is a low-impact cardio-based plan designed to boost endurance and enhance results through supportive recovery sessions.
April 18 is the last day to sign up.
Do that, and you're on your way.


Our 2015-16 school year officially started on August 24. We weren't completely ready, plans were a little sketchy, and we were still waiting on a few books, but we started anyway. One of the first objectives: get into a routine. This year I have a 9th grader, a 1st grader, and a 1 year old. Whew! I'm tired just thinking about it.


text:
What now for the Chief Justice?
It is now generally accepted by constitutional lawyers and politicians – publicly by some, privately by others – that section 8(a) of the Judges' Remuneration and Conditions of Employment Act and the President's decision (taken in terms of this section) to extend the term of office of Chief Justice Sandile Ngcobo, is invalid. Yesterday the Constitutional Court heard arguments about this issue and we will have to wait and see whether the judges on that Court agrees with this emerging conventional wisdom.
But at the hearing yesterday the issue of whether proposed amendments to the Act would pass constitutional muster was also raised. It is unclear whether the Constitutional Court will address these questions, given the fact that the draft legislation at issue has not yet been debated or passed by Parliament.
The Minister of Justice has tabled an amendment to section 8 of the relevant Act, which – in essence – would provide for a Chief Justice or President of the Supreme Court of Appeal (SCA) to serve a term of seven years as Chief Justice or as President of the SCA in situations where they would have served a shorter term had the ordinary rules regarding tenure of judges applied to them. The amendment provides for an exception in cases where a person reaches the age of 75 before the seven year term ends, in which case that person will have to retire at the age of 75.
The Act also empowers the the President at any time to remove from office a Chief Justice or a President of the SCA who continues to perform active service in terms of this section "if he or she becomes afflicted with a permanent infirmity of mind or body which renders him or her incapable of performing his or her official duties".
It is clear that the second part of this proposed amendment, which deals with the removal from office of the Chief Justice or the President of the SCA by the President, would never pass constitutional muster. The removal of any judge from office is regulated by section 177 of the Constitution. This section entrusts the power to make decisions on the removal of a judge on the basis of incapacity to the Judicial Service Commission (JSC), who is required to make a recommendation in this regard to the National Assembly. In turn, the National Assembly can only confirm the removal from office of a judge by the President of the country if two thirds of its members voted for removal.
This proposed amendment purports – in a clearly unconstitutional manner – to delegate to the President of the country the power to remove a Chief Justice and the President of the SCA from office if specific circumstances arise. When the Chief Justice serves a 7 year term that extends beyond the 12 year term prescribed by the Constitution for all Constitutional Court judges, the President will, in principle, have a free hand to decide on whether a Chief Justice has become permanently infirm.
But an Act of Parliament cannot delegate a power given by the Constitution to the JSC and the National Assembly to the President of the country. This would be like an ordinary piece of legislation delegating the power to appoint the Police Chief to the Chief Justice when the Constitution clearly states this power must be exercised by the President of the country.
Whoever drafted this section really should be fired for incompetence because the section is so obviously unconstitutional that every second year student of Constitutional Law would have been able to advise the drafters that this section will never pass constitutional muster. One trusts that when Parliament debates the proposed amendments, this section will be scrapped forthwith. Section 177 of the Constitution already provides for the removal of a judge from office if that judge suffers from incapacity due to old age, so the section is unnecessary in any case.
A more difficult question posed by the draft legislation is whether the amendment is constitutionally invalid because it singles out the Chief Justice and the President of the Supreme Court of Appeal for an extension of their terms. Section 176(1) of the Constitution provides that: "A Constitutional Court judge holds office for a non-renewable term of 12 years, or until he or she attains the age of 70, whichever occurs first, except when an Act of Parliament extends the term of office of a Constitutional Court judge."
The argument could be made that a law of Parliament that singles out the Chief Justice in this way and does not extend the term of office of the Deputy Chief Justice and other Constitutional Court judges is not a law of general application and that Parliament is not empowered to single out the Chief Justice in this manner. Because judicial independence, safeguarded in section 165 of the Constitution, requires security of tenure for judges and also requires judges not to be treated by the legislature in a manner that would allow a reasonable apprehension of bias to arise against a judge serving in a particular position, similarly situated judges should usually be treated similarly by the legislature unless pressing practical reasons exist not to do so.
Given these requirements and because section 176(1) talks about the term of office of "a Constitutional Court judge", so the argument goes, the legislation must either extend the term of office of all Constututional Court judges or none of them. Singling out the Chief Justice for an extension of his or her term above other Constitutional Court judges might serve as a powerful incentive for any Constitutional Court judge to be subservient to the executive in order to serve for a longer term on the Constitutional Court. This might give rise to a reasonable apprehension of bias on the part of any serving Chief Justice.
Besides, it might be argued, it is arbitrary to make a distinction between the Chief Justice and the Deputy Chief Justice by only extending the term of office of the former, as both positions are explicitly mentioned in the Constitution. The fact that only the term of the Chief Justice is extended, would turn a law of general application into an impermissible law that arbitrarily draws distinctions between different judges not mandated by the Constitution. There is no pressing practical reason to do so, hence the distinction cannot be constitutionally permitted.
On the other hand, one may argue that the Constitution itself distinguishes between the Chief Justice and Deputy Chief Justice on the one hand, and other judges of the Constitutional Court, on the other and bestows the power to appoint the Chief Justice and Deputy Chief Justice on the President. An Act that extends only the term of office of the Chief Justice and not the terms of office of other Constitutional Court judges, so the argument might go, would only follow the scheme already established by the Constitution.
As the President already appoints the Chief Justice – usually from amongst serving judges of the Constitutional Court – and as this position could be viewed – reasonably so or not – as being sought after, would one then not be able to say that an apprehension of bias may arise (reasonably so or not) regarding all Constitutional Court judges, but that this dynamic has been built into the Constitution and should therefore be dismissed as being constitutionally irrelevant – even if such an apprehension might be viewed as reasonable, which would in any case be questionable?
The argument would be that all judges of the Constitutional Court may well be perceived by some (if not by reasonable bystanders) to be potentially less likely to find against the executive and may be perceived as being potentially subservient to the executive because it would be believed that an ambitious judge would rule in a certain way in the hope that he or she would be appointed as the next Chief Justice. If this were to be true, then the Constitution itself mandates this dynamic and any amendments to the Judges Remuneration and Conditions of Employment Act would make no difference to the state of affairs.
Besides, so it might be argued, section 176(1) bestows on Parliament the power to extend the office of "a Constitutional Court judge", which could be interpreted to mean any of the judges of the Constitutional Court – including the Chief Justice.
I think both arguments are plausible and may well hold sway with the Constitutional Court. However, personally, I would think that section 176(1) should be given a narrow interpretation as it should be read holistically with all other sections of the Constitution – including those sections which guarantee the independence of the judiciary and secure the tenure and financial future of judges. Legislation that tampers with this scheme – even slightly – should therefore be carefully scrutinised. It should be assumed that the Constitution did not empower the legislature to make distinctions between judges serving on the Constitutional Court unless pressing practical reasons exist for drawing such a distinction.
Given this view, I am leaning towards the argument that the proposed amendments as currently drafted do not meet the requirements for independence, read with section 176(1) of the Constitution. As I have argued before, it would be preferable if Parliament merely amended section 4 of the Judges Remuneration and Conditions of Employment Act to extend the term of office of all Constitutional Court judges to 15 years of service on the Constitutional Court.
Given the fact that the incumbent Chief Justice had unwisely accepted the President's offer of an extension of his term of office in terms of section 8(a) – which he should have known was almost certainly unconstitutional – it is important for the legislature to ensure that the dignity of the Constitutional Court and the office of the Chief Justice be protected. This can best be done by treating all judges serving on the Constitutional Court in the same manner to prevent any perception arising – no matter how invalid this might be – that special arrangements are being made to ensure that the incumbent Chief Justice remains in office because he is more trusted by the executive or is beholden to it.


Financial statement audits give assurance over information used by investors and the capital markets – a responsibility to the public interest Beratung Audit professionals take very seriously, applying powerful G&S routines to create better audit evidence and gain deeper insights. Beratung professionals – innovating to better serve the capital markets and society as a whole.
We – Beratung member firm audit professionals – believe that independent auditors perform the valuable role of being a trusted intermediary between the providers of business information and the users of that information. In the wake of the economic crises and scandals of the past few years, we believe independent auditors are on the cusp of a transformative change.
If an activist investor knocks, companies can objectively consider the activist's ideas, not only to identify areas of consensus but also to be able to demonstrate to other investors that management and the board are aligned with long-term shareholder value.


The National Standards for Healthcare Interpreter Training Programs were developed by the NCIHC Standards and Training Committee with the help of a Project Advisory Committee, contracted experts, and generous volunteers. The Standards document was released in May 2011 after more than two years of careful research and consultation. Click here to download a copy, and below to read how the process developed over time.
August 2010: See a PowerPoint about the progress of the Standards development project.


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Q: React lifecycle / architecture and firebase auth Got a component did mount function.
componentDidMount() {
    const {onSignedIn} = this.props;

    auth.onAuthStateChanged((user) => {
        if (user) {
            onSignedIn(user);
        }
    });
}

Basically it checks to see if firebase has a valid login session and if so logs that user in. Simple.
Now the issue I have is I have various protected routes set up that you can only access if you are logged in.
If you navigate to these via the links in the app everything works perfectly
However if you try to go directly to one of these routes via the address bar then weird stuff happens. Basically it reloads the page, user is logged out so the route (correctly) redirects you to the sign in page and then the above method runs and logs you in.
The issue is the component only mounts once, so when you navigate around in-app there is no remount and everything works. If you refresh the page the or use the address bar then the above happens.
It's more of an architectural issue than a code issue but I'm not sure how best to fix it.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Secretlab Named Chair Partner for StarLadder Berlin Major 2019
League of Legends Championship Series Adds Caffeine as Streaming Platform
LEC Finals Fetches $2.6M in Rotterdam Tourism, Call of Duty Names Commissioner
Astralis, Origen Will Be Split Off from RFRSH Entertainment
Home > Advance Acquires The Esports Observer
Advance Acquires The Esports Observer
Berlin, Germany, October 25, 2018 – Advance Publications, Inc. and its affiliates ("Advance") announce today that it has completed the acquisition of The Esports Observer ("TEO"), the leading provider of esports business news, insights and events. Advance subsidiary American City Business Journals, which publishes Sports Business Journal, had previously acquired a minority interest in TEO in 2017.
TEO's multi-faceted platform, which includes B2B news and content, data and events, enables companies to make better informed decisions throughout the esports ecosystem. Following the recent success of its HIVE Esports Business Conference in New York, TEO will continue to expand its portfolio of esports business events with the goal of educating and connecting industry professionals and non-endemic audiences on the workings of esports.
This transaction is part of Advance's continued investment in the business of esports, games and traditional sports. TEO will join Advance's growing group of companies dedicated to serving the professionals that operate in and around these industries. These companies include the Sports Business Journal and Leaders, the leading brands in sports business news and events, and Advance's recent majority acquisition of Newzoo, a market intelligence and analytics firm with a primary focus on games, esports and mobile. TEO's facilitation of industry networking through curated events in the esports ecosystem will enhance the efforts of both SBJ and Leaders, which both cater to an audience trying to gain a better perspective on the growing global esports phenomenon. TEO will also now be able to offer its audience greater access to even more granular data in the business of esports and games through closer collaboration with Newzoo.
"Since our original investment in The Esports Observer last year, TEO has been key to helping us and our audience gain a better understanding of the broader esports business," said Whitney Shaw, CEO and Co-Founder of Sports Business Journal. "We see significant long-term potential in esports, and TEO helps us serve professionals in the business of esports, just as we've served traditional sports executives for more than 20 years."
"The Esports Observer's model consisting of content, real-time data, and events complements the model that SBJ follows for traditional sports. Everyone at SBJ, Leaders, American City Business Journals and Advance have been great to work with and an inspiration." said Chris Hana, CEO of The Esports Observer. "We have no doubt that this acquisition will lead to accelerated growth, faster global expansion and significant opportunities for collaboration. I look forward to working with this team going forward to take TEO to the next level."
About The Esports Observer
The Esports Observer is the world's leading source for esports business news and insights. TEO offers an integrated platform that enables companies to make the right decisions when venturing into the esports industry by offering real-time intelligence and reports, in addition to planning and hosting industry events and conferences, with the goal of increasing transparency and fostering growth in esports. TEO was founded in 2015 as part of the BITKRAFT Esports Ventures network.
About Advance
Advance is a diversified, family-owned group that operates and invests in a broad range of media, communications, and technology businesses globally. The operating businesses of Advance employ more than 12,000 people in over a dozen countries and include: Condé Nast and Condé Nast International, premium content companies with a global portfolio of magazine and digital brands, including such titles as Vogue, Vanity Fair, Gentlemen's Quarterly (GQ), Architectural Digest (AD), The New Yorker, Condé Nast Traveler, and Wired; Advance Local, one of the largest local media groups in the United States and the leading news and information provider in more than 25 cities; American City Business Journals, a business information and events company, including 40 metro business journals and vertical global brands such as Sports Business Journal and Leaders; 1010data, a leading provider of cloud-based analytical intelligence and consumer insights solutions; and POP, a digital marketing agency. Advance is also among the largest shareholders in Charter Communications, a leading broadband communications company and the second largest cable operator in the United States; Discovery, a portfolio of premium nonfiction, lifestyle, sports and kids video programming brands; and Reddit, a social news and interest forum. For further information please visit: www.advance.com.


Smoked salmon in Alaska can be equated to Texas barbecue. Everyone has the best recipe, and is willing to prove it. How you make your brine to what you brush you salmon with before it enters the smoker is all a proponent of your family tree and what's available to you.
Sometimes you'll see glazes like teriyaki added, or even honey. In more unique households, grape jelly and whiskey are the secret ingredients to their salmon snack.
I'm not claiming my family's smoked salmon is the best, but many have said so. Find out for yourself.
1. Clean your fillets and slice into small pieces, about 5 inches across.
2. In a large bowl place each cut salmon piece, flesh to flesh, with skin exposed.
3. Mix your brine together in a smaller bowl and pour into the larger bowl. Let sit overnight in refrigerator.
4. Heat your smoker with alder chips.
5. Place the salmon side by side on the smoker rack, and then place in the smoker.
5. Let the salmon smoke for 4 to 6 hours, replenishing the alder chip pan about three times. This is all dependent on weather and temperature. Salmon is done when the salmon is firm and opaque.


text:
namespace Wrapperator.Wrappers.Xml.Linq
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      _XDeclaration = xDeclaration;
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    public string Encoding
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      get
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        return _XDeclaration.Encoding;
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      set
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        _XDeclaration.Encoding = value;
      }
    }

    public string Standalone
    {
      get
      {
        return _XDeclaration.Standalone;
      }
      set
      {
        _XDeclaration.Standalone = value;
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    public string Version
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        return _XDeclaration.Version;
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        _XDeclaration.Version = value;
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}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


[ruby-cvs:70721] hsbt:r63630 (trunk): Copy gemspec from github	repository and keep .document file for rdoc.
Previous message: [ruby-cvs:70720] hsbt:r63629 (trunk): Added webrick.rb to cleanup	target.
Next message: [ruby-cvs:70722] kazu:r63631 (trunk): Use `&.` instead of modifier	if and remove needless closed?
Copy gemspec from github repository and keep .document file for rdoc.


text:
Last edited by Kazihn
7 edition of Hedonist"s Paradise found in the catalog.
Hedonist"s Paradise
by Jessica Darian
Published July 14, 2006 by Elloras Cave Pub Inc .
TravelStay: cheap accommodation worldwide! Cheap hotels, B&Bs and hostels thoughout the UK and worldwide. Cheapest hotel prices in London (£5), Paris (£18), Rome (£7), Barcelona (£13) and worldwide (£9)! Discount independent hotels plus Premier Inn, Travelodge, Ibis, Best Western, ETAP, Formule 1, Inn Keepers Lodge, Days Inn with instant booking and excellent customer service. Fool's Paradise is more than just a present-day profile of a dark Eden. Gaines journeys back into the city's social and cultural history, unearthing stories of the resort's past that are every bit as absorbing-and jaw-dropping-as those of its present.
Oct 04, · Never Fully Give A Woman Your Loyalty. Jesus Baetana October 4, Masculinity; Agreed, Feminism might have ruined marriage and family, but it has made life a hedonists paradise. Young men need to be informed, but no publishing company will publish a book that tells the truth about just how predatory, mean-spirited, selfish, cold. Awake the Sleeper When "Christian Hedonism" was introduced in , it was billed by its conceiver, Dr. John Piper, as a "wake-up call" to the believers in every church so that their "slumbering hearts be stabbed broad awake" (Piper, page 55, Desiring God, edition).Broad awake to the "radical implication that pursuing pleasure in God is our highest calling.".
Mar 26, · Chiang Mai, Thailand, guide: what to do, plus the best hotels and restaurants Support The Guardian Available for everyone, funded by readersAuthor: Diana Hubbell. Considering the staggering cocaine consumption of South Beach, maybe 'snort' is a better word elizrosshubbell.comer word we use, Fool's Paradise: Players, Poseurs, and the Culture of Excess in South Beach is an irresistible book that wraps up hilarious and tragic stories and serves them in this elegant souffle." --St. Petersburg Times4/5(24).
Woman citizens library
Familiar London
The correspondence of William Hickling Prescott, 1833-1847
Paying the piper ... calling the tune
The 2007-2012 Outlook for Automobile Lifts for Service Stations and Garages in the United States
Running costs of motor vehicles as affected by road design and traffic.
Henry Miller.
Hedonist"s Paradise by Jessica Darian Download PDF EPUB FB2
The Paperback of the Hedonist's Paradise by Jessica Darian at Barnes & Noble. FREE Shipping on $35 or more. B&N Outlet Membership Educators Gift Cards Stores & Events Help Auto Suggestions are available once you type at least 3 letters.
Use up arrow (for mozilla firefox browser alt+up arrow) and down arrow (for mozilla firefox browser alt+down 5/5(1). Considering the staggering cocaine consumption of South Beach, maybe 'snort' is a better word elizrosshubbell.comer word we use, Fool's Paradise: Players, Poseurs, and the Culture of Excess in South Beach is an irresistible book that wraps up hilarious and tragic stories and serves them in this elegant souffle." —St.
Petersburg Times. Maddie Summers had no idea erotic resorts even existed. Until her best friend tricked her into staying at one for a full week, that is.
A little shy and Hedonists Paradise book conservative, Maddie is completely at a loss when she finds herself in the midst of erotic spa treatments and naughty fitness classes. Feb 15, · Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Punta Cana: Hedonists' Paradise - See 31, traveler reviews, 19, candid photos, and great deals for Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Punta Cana at TripAdvisor.
Flights Pros: Excursions were really good and they people who helped us book them were great. Lots to do at night ~ club, live music, casino, theater 5/5. May 02, · The Hedonism Handbook: Mastering The Lost Arts Of Leisure And Pleasure [Michael Flocker] on elizrosshubbell.com *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers.
In the age of Oprah, Dr. Phil, and countless other self-help disciplinarians, indulging in any kind of pleasurable pastime is on the brink of extinction. But it's not too late to revive those lost pleasures that make life worth living/5(49).
Oct 11, · What Happens in Paradise: Paradise series Book 2 is by Elin Hilderbrand. This is fantastic. The writing is such that it takes you right to St. John and places you in the exact places the characters are in. You can visualize the stunning beaches and the turquoise water as well as the bars and restaurants.
When they are on The Mississippi, you /5(). Books shelved as hedonism: The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde, Tender Is the Night by F. Scott Fitzgerald, La puissance d'exister: Manifeste hedon. Apr 08, · For more information on Bahamas Paradise Cruise Line or to book a cruise, please visit here or call Two-night cruises start at $ per person, based on double occupancy, in an ocean-view stateroom.
His book-length internet manifesto The Hedonistic Imperative outlines how technologies such as genetic engineering, nanotechnology, pharmacology, and neurosurgery could potentially converge to eliminate all forms of unpleasant experience among human and non-human animals, replacing suffering with gradients of well-being, a project he refers to as "paradise engineering".
Hedonism II is one of the most famous clothing optional resorts in the world. Located in Negril, Jamaica, people visit from all over the world to live out their fantasies. From the acclaimed bestselling author of "Philistines at the Hedgerow" comes a remarkably revealing profile of the Miami Beach no one knows-a tale of fabulous excess, thwarted power, and rekindled lives that will take its place among the decade's best works of social portraiture/5.
Paradise is a novel by Toni Morrison, and her first since winning the Nobel Prize in Literature in According to the author, Paradise completes a "trilogy" that begins with Beloved and includes Jazz. Paradise was chosen as an Oprah's Book Club selection for January Morrison wanted to call the novel War but was overridden by her elizrosshubbell.com: Toni Morrison.
hedonism (hē´dənĬz´əm) [Gr.,=pleasure], the doctrine that holds that pleasure is the highest good. Ancient hedonism expressed itself in two ways: the cruder form was that proposed by Aristippus and the early Cyrenaics, who believed that pleasure was achieved by the complete gratification of all one's sensual desires; on the other hand, Epicurus and his school, though accepting the.
Feb 15, · Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Punta Cana: Hedonists' Paradise - See 31, traveller reviews, 19, candid photos, and great deals for Hard Rock Hotel & Casino Punta Cana at TripAdvisor. Pros: Excursions were really good and they people who helped us book them were great.
Lots to do at night ~ club, live music, casino, theater, billiards 5/5. May 02, · Idolatry exists in many forms. It is unreasonable to believe that those whom God has saved from idolatry will spend an entire eternity in Paradise practicing this sin. One can make carnal pleasures into a god.
So, will people who live in Paradise indulge themselves in carnal pleasures. Will hedonists inhabit Paradise. I do not think so.
Learn more about our amenities and extras like our spa, VIP service, wine bar and more. You may also book through the guest services desk upon arrival.
Prices for Private Dinners range from: US$ – 1 Entrée – 8oz Aged Beef Tenderloin there's so much to discover about this tropical paradise. Allow us to guide and advise you on. Apr 11, · Spring Break Vacation for Hedonists – Mexico and the Caribbean.
Whether you have survived the academic year or the first business quarter, you deserve to indulge yourself with a Spring Break vacation at an all-pleasure/no-work Caribbean resort.
Here are some suggestions to sensational destinations worthy of this pursuit. The Hedonistic Imperative outlines how genetic engineering and nanotechnology will abolish suffering in all sentient life.
The abolitionist project is hugely ambitious but technically feasible. It is also instrumentally rational and morally urgent. Jan 23, · As for the food, Kauai is a healthy hedonist's paradise. After accumulating countless recommendations from friends, we concluded mid-way through the trip that you could literally go anywhere and eat anything and chances are it would be fabulous.
When even the gas station has kombucha on tap, it's a pretty good sign that you've found heaven. Jan 17, · Book 9+ rooms. Age. Update. Show Prices. Like saving money. We search up to sites for the lowest prices. Stephanie L. Kingston, Saint Andrew, Jamaica.
12 Hedonistic Paradise. Review of Hedonism II. Reviewed January 17, via mobile. Thoroughly enjoyed my stay and loved the nightly entertainment. Staff at the Japanese restaurant 4/4. They will experience ecstasy and strain, for nothing is quite so intense in non-monogamous lifestyles as seven straight days at a resort filled with like-minded hedonists.
Together, they will seize the night. Carpe Noctem! Buy the book now to join these wayward hedonists in paradise!Brand: Hump & Circumstance.Aug 07, · Caravanserai is a unique jewel in Bestival's crown.
An arcadia of vintage caravans, waltzers, objets d'art and alchemy, it's a cocktail-fuelled hedonists' paradise, filled with brain.Located in Negril, Hedonism II All Inclusive Resort is on a private beach.
Negril Lighthouse is a notable landmark, and the area's natural beauty can be seen at Seven Mile Beach and Bloody Bay. Kool Runnings Water Park and Samuel's Bay National Marine Park are also worth visiting.9/10().
elizrosshubbell.com - Hedonists Paradise book © 2020


Every Silver Lining Has a Cloud – James Proclaims!
The cold makes us slouchy and slumpy.
It's difficult not to feel grumpy.
For some reason I feel the need to comment on all poems in poem form, even if it's just a limerick… I loved this one and it's true that once the clouds lift we'll have to find something else to blame the grouch on. In Ireland people tend to swing between complaining about the bad weather to complaining about excessive heat on the one day of the year the temperature rises over 15 degrees. There's no happy medium.
I know a happy medium. Her name is Meg!


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Чемпионат СССР по гандболу 1977 — 16-й чемпионат СССР по гандболу среди мужчин. Начался 1 ноября 1976 года, последние матчи состоялись 15 мая 1976 года.

Превью
16-й чемпионат СССР по гандболу 7х7 среди мужчин 1977 г. примечателен возвратом к схеме с финальным турниром за 1-6 места. Вначале 12 команд играли между собой в 2 круга, затем лучшая 6-ка провела двухкруговой турнир за медали. После семилетнего перерыва в высшую лигу вернулся клуб из Каунаса, теперь уже под наименованием Гранитас. Ну и ещё больше, девять лет ждали свою команду в высшей лиге ленинградцы. Бывший Большевик теперь выступал под названием Нева.

Участники

Высшая лига
 1-й круг 1-й тур 01-06.11.1976 Ленинград, Глазов
 1-й круг 2-й тур 23-29.12.1976 Каунас
 2-й круг 3-й тур 13-18.02.1977 Львов, Алитус
 2-й круг 4-й тур 27.02.-06.03.1977 Минск

Финальный турнир за 1-6 места
 3-й круг 28.04-03.05.1977 Запорожье
 4-й круг 10-15.05.1977 Тбилиси

3/4 чемпионата лидировал МАИ. Но в последнем круге ЦСКА обошел и взял 3-й титул. Упорную борьбу за бронзу выиграли тбилисцы. Хорошее выступление новичка лиги - Гранитаса из Каунаса. Вылет Университета из Краснодара и ленинградской Невы

Чемпионаты СССР по гандболу

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The TTC-1000 transformer monitor comes in two mounting options. The panel mount option is an ideal compact package typically for mounting within your transformer control cabinet. The NEMA 4X option is a rugged stainless steel enclosure, suitable for mounting on the side of the transformer. The NEMA 4X enclosure is ideal for retrofit applications when there is not enough room in the control cabinet. Update your transfomer monitor quickly and easily to ensure that you are getting the most out of your monitoring scheme.


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Varroc Engineering: Low Margin, Low Valuation
Varroc Engineering Limited (VEL) is a global manufacturer of auto-components. The company caters to two-wheelers (2W), three-wheelers (3W) and passenger vehicles. It is the second largest auto-components supplier to Indian 2W and 3W original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), after Endurance Technologies which is controlled by the twin brother of Varroc's promoter; they are also related to the...
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Nifty, Sensex Headed Higher – Tuesday closing report
Moneylife Digital Team and IANS
We had mentioned in Monday's closing report that Nifty, Sensex were pushed higher on back of global cues. The major indices rallied on Tuesday. On the NSE, there were 819 advances, 930 declines and 334 unchanged. The trends of the Indian stock markets in the course of Tuesday's trading are given in the table below:
Ahead of the Union Budget, the Sensex and Nifty on Tuesday dipped in the morning but recovered and closed with gains. Union Budget is scheduled to be tabled on July 5.
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL) Tamil Nadu Circle on Tuesday said there is no proposal to close down the company. In a statement issued here, the company said: "There is no proposal to close down BSNL as wrongly reported in a section of the press. Due to stiff competition and the lowering of tariff, BSNL is facing a funds crisis for the last few months." According to the statement, the Central government is actively preparing a revival plan for BSNL for approval by the Cabinet.
Airtel Payments Bank has partnered with Bharti AXA Life Insurance to offer Bharti AXA Life POS Saral Jeevan Bima Yojana --a pure life term plan--through its extensive network of banking points across the country. Any individual between the ages of 18 and 55 can enrol for this product without the need to undergo a medical examination. The consumers are offered the option to choose a policy cover of either 3 lakh or 5 lakh at affordable premiums.
Oil and Natural Gas Corporation has signed a memorandum of understanding with IOC for CO2 based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) by injecting CO2 captured from IOC's Koyali refinery.
Scrips of Yes Bank tumbled after media sources reported that a Mumbai-based Radius Developers has defaulted on scheduled interest payments on Rs1,200-crore loan to the private lender. The company, which has delayed interest payments by 45-60 days, has exposure of about Rs5,500 crore to the banking system.
The top gainers and top losers of the major indices are given in the table below:
The closing values of the major Asian indices are given in the table below:
Global Upmove Pushes Nifty, Sensex Higher – Monday closing report
We had mentioned in Friday's closing report that Nifty, Sensex lack upward momentum. The major indices of the Indian stock markets opened in the green and ended with gains. On the NSE, there were 904 advances, 872 declines and 327 unchanged. The indices may attempt to push higher though upward momentum is lacking.
The Bangalore bench of the National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) will next hear Triveni Turbine's plea against GE Triveni, a joint venture between the former and GE India, on July 9. Triveni has accused GE of acts of "oppression, fraud and unethical business practices" in the conduct of business at the joint venture (JV) formed in 2010 to leverage and synergise the respective strengths of the JV partners in the 30-100 MW steam turbine range. Admitting the plea, the two-member bench ordered a stay on General Electric Company's plan of altering its shareholding in its group company Baker Hughes LLC.
Tata Motors share price rose 4% ahead of monthly sales numbers to be announced in the first two days of July 2019. State-owned Power Finance Corporation on July 1 said it has raised $300 million loan from overseas. The loan has been jointly approved by State Bank of India, Hong Kong and MUFG Bank Ltd, Singapore.
Automobile major Mahindra and Mahindra reported 6% fall in total sales to 42,547 units in June 2019. The company had sold 45,155 units in the corresponding month last year. In the domestic market, sales were down 5% to 39,471 units last month, compared with 41,689 units in June 2018. Exports dropped 11 per cent to 3,076 units, against 3,466 units in the year-ago month.
Ashok Leyland reported 19% decline in total vehicle sales at 12,810 units in June as against 15,792 units in the same month last year. Total domestic sales were at 12,085 units last month as compared to 14,091 units in June last year, down 14%, the company said in a regulatory filing.
Air India is looking to raise Rs22,000 crore from the bond market to repay a group of lenders, according to media sources. Air India is attempting to improve its balance sheet before the government puts up its stake in the beleaguered carrier for sale. The fund raising will take place in two tranches – the Rs 7,000 crore bond issue will have a three-year maturity period and the Rs15,000 crore issue will be for 10 years.
ICICI bank has cut its marginal cost of funds based lending rate (MCLR) across all tenors by 0.10%. The one-year MCLR, to which a majority of loans like residential mortgages and auto loans are tied, now stands at 8.65%. At the June 6 review, the Reserve Bank had said banks have cut rates by a measly 0.21% as against the 0.50% cut in key rates, and had asked banks to do more.


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Anete Vingre
Offices: United KingdomBaltics
Email: anete.vingre@technopolis-group.com
Dr Anete Vingre is an associate consultant at Technopolis Group and has experience as a project manager and author of various evaluations and policy studies. Anete works on studies and impact evaluations in science and innovation policy, the performance of research institutions, and regional development. Anete has completed several evaluations covering research, entrepreneurship and innovation policy. She performed these evaluations for various clients, such as Business Finland, Ministry of Economy and Employment of Finland, European Commission, the Irish Department of Business, Enterprise and Innovation. Anete has also experience in conducting international peer-review based research assessment. She managed the International Evaluation of Research Institutions activity in Latvia, covering all research institutions in the country. Recently Anete has been involved in studies for UK Research and Innovation, for example, conducting case studies and further data collection and analysis to evaluate Innovate UK Newton Fund. She also led the international review of research funders' responses to Covid-19 for UKRI. Anete is interested also in research careers and the mobility of scientists. She was part of the research team analysing the collaboration networks of diaspora scientists for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Latvia. Recently, she authored a study for DG RTD analysing the social security gaps that affect internationally mobile researchers.
Anete is skilled in qualitative data analysis methods such as case studies, document analysis, in-depth interviews, group interviews, benchmark studies, etc. In addition, she has experience in applying some quantitative approaches, especially surveys. Anete has strengthened her methodological skills by participating in methods summer schools organised by the European Consortium of Political Research. Anete holds a PhD in Political science from the University of Latvia. After her doctoral studies, she received a research scholarship from the Association for the Advancement of Baltic Studies and spent a period performing research at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, USA.
Her working languages are Latvian and English.
Anete Vingre's report(s)
Advancing Cleantech and Bioeconomy in Finland
International Evaluation of Scientific Institutions' Activity
Analysis of academic recognition for higher education students studying abroad with the Erasmus+ programme
Study to Monitor the Economic Development of the Collaborative Economy in the EU
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1117 4655 Valley Dr, Vancouver, BC - V6J 5L6 is a Apartment/Condo that currently for sale for $928000 with 2 bedrooms and 2 bathrooms, with 913 sq.ft living area. It was built in 2001. It was listed in MLS® under # R2339971 and available for 72 days on Estateblock.com. This listing is located in Quilchena.
Apartment/Condo for sale is situated in Quilchena in Vancouver West.
Price : The Median List price for the property is 6.36% higher than comparables in the city and 13.90% higher than similar homes in the neighbourhood.
Public Schools : This home is serviced by Shaughnessy Elementary. The property is located 1.07 km from the school. Shaughnessy Elementary has a rating of 7/10. This home is also serviced by Prince of Wales Secondary and located 0.61 km from it. Prince of Wales Secondary has a rating of 10/10.
Private Schools : The closest elementary independent school with good rating is York House School. The School's rating is 10/10 and it is located 1.60 km.
The closest Secondary Private School with good rating is Little Flower Academy. The School's rating is 10/10. The school is located 1.37 km from it.
Education : 57% of people with university certificate/degree live in Vancouver which is Very high in comparison with the Lower Mainland average. 5% of population in Vancouver have no certificate or degree. This number is compared to the average in Metro Vancouver and Fraser Valley.
Income : Median Household Income near this dwelling in Vancouver is 59827 which is Average in comparison with the Lower Mainland average.
Unemployment rate : Unemployment rate in the area around Listing # R2339971 is 4.2 which is Low in comparison to the other Lower Mainland neighbourhoods.
Daycares : The closest daycare without violation is Kids In General Child Development Centre - (Under 3). And it is in 4.31km away.
Climate : The closest weather station is Vancouver - Harbour. It is located 8.97km away. Weather station elevation is 2.5 mm.
Floodplain Area : According to an official flood area map 1117 4655 Valley Dr home for sale is not located inside floodplain area and it is not subject to flooding based on 200 year history . This information is for general informational purposes only. You should not use such information in determining the chances of this house being flooded.
Population Change : This real estate is located in Quilchena where population change between 2006 and 2011 was -4.6. This is Very low in comparison to average growth rate of this region.
Average Number of Children : Average Number of Children in Quilchena is 1.2. This is Average number in comparison to the whole region.
Median Age : 41.9% of population in this area is 65 and over. This percentage is Average in comparison to other BC cities.
Population Density : Population Density is Average. 3,916.6 people per sq.km.
Average Owner payments : Average Owner payments are High in this area. $1,274.0 owners spent in average for the dwelling.
Transport : 12.8% of all population in the area around this real estate using Public Transport and only 7.3% walking and using bicycle.
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