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Design and respondent selection of a population-based study on associations between breast cancer screening, lifestyle and quality of life
Tytti Sarkeala1,
Sirpa Heinävaara1,
Jonna Fredman1,
Satu Männistö3,
Riitta Luoto2,
Maija Jäntti1 &
Nea Malila1
BMC Public Health volume 15, Article number: 1256 (2015) Cite this article
Only few studies have integrated breast cancer screening, lifestyle, and quality of life. Potential bias due to selective non-response may disrupt associations being investigated. We describe the design of a Finnish population-based study on associations between breast cancer screening and various indicators for lifestyle and quality of life, and evaluate the level of bias among the respondents from the first study rounds over 2 years.
The study target population of 10 000, 49-year-old women was randomly drawn from the Finnish National Population Registry. The data included birth year, marital status, municipality, and primary language. Data on education were retrieved from Statistics Finland.
Questionnaires focusing on lifestyle-related risk factors and quality of life were sent to the target population in 2012–13, 1 year before the first invitation to organized breast cancer screening.
We evaluated associations between willingness to respond and demographic characteristics in the eligible study population. Additionally, we examined associations between the demographic characteristics and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS), and evaluated the impact of non-response using inverse probability weighting and multiple imputation.
The questionnaire response proportion was 52.4 %. Compared to non-respondents, respondents were more often married, academically educated, and native speakers of Finnish or Swedish. Nevertheless, the estimates of the SWLS among the respondents were in line with those corrected by non-response in the eligible study population.
Based on the SWLS, the respondents are representative of women in the entire eligible study population.
Breast cancer is the leading cancer and most frequent cause of cancer death among women worldwide [1]. Screening is a major component of secondary breast cancer control. Cumulative evidence from randomised trials and observational studies have demonstrated screening to be effective in reducing breast cancer mortality among women aged 50–69 years [2–6].
Lifestyle is a major modulator of breast cancer risk, and changes in lifestyle have been shown to affect quality of life [7–10]. Both desirable and harmful lifestyle changes due to participation to screening have been reported from colorectal and lung cancer screening trials [11]. The results suggest that screening may induce desirable lifestyle changes but may also provide false reassurance to continue or to start unhealthy behaviour.
Previous studies on population-based breast cancer screening have concentrated on the screening process (participation, recall rate, false positive and false negative rate) and the outcome (mortality reduction) [12, 13]. Some have also investigated psychological distress due to false positive mammograms [14, 15]. No studies, so far, have assessed quality of life among the majority of the screened women, i.e. those receiving a normal or a false-negative screening finding. Furthermore, no studies have examined impacts of breast cancer screening on lifestyle.
In 2012, the Finnish Cancer Registry launched a population-based study to evaluate associations between breast cancer screening, lifestyle, and quality of life among middle-aged Finnish women. We report here the design of the study and assess the overall response, phases of response and the influence of non-response in associations being investigated, using demographic characteristics derived from the Finnish National Population Registry (FNPR) and the Statistics Finland (SF), and a Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) addressed in the study questionnaire.
The study target population of Finnish women born in 1963 (n = 5000) and in 1964 (n = 5000) was randomly drawn from the FNPR in 2012 and in 2013, respectively, using the year of birth as the only restricting factor. The study material including questionnaires with information letters and informed consent forms were mailed to the target population in 2012 and 2013, one year before the first invitation to organized breast cancer screening at the age of 50 years. The same study material will be mailed 1 year after the first screening invitation to the same women (in 2014 and 2015, respectively).
The study questionnaire focuses on perceived and lifestyle-related risk factors and lifestyle indicators, such as breast cancer in the family, concerns about breast cancer, hormone related factors, hormonal replacement, dietary habits, physical activity, obesity, and smoking. Factors relevant for mammography screening, such as screening experiences, screening outcome, and use of spontaneous breast cancer screening are also addressed.
The study has three phases in the mailing process. In the first and in the third phase, the eligible women (or the so far non-responding) receive all study material. In the second phase, they receive only a reminder letter (Fig. 1). The study participants are those returning both a filled questionnaire and a filled informed consent, others are non-participants.
Study course and time frame for the birth cohorts 1963 and 1964 in 2012–15
Demographic characteristics for the whole study target population were obtained from the FNPR and the SF in 2012 and 2013. The FNPR data included year of birth, marital status, primary language, municipality, and data on children (birth year and sex). The SF data included information on education and occupation. Data on attendance, findings (true or false negative, true or false positive), breast cancer diagnoses, and deaths from breast cancer will be derived from the Finnish Mass Screening and Cancer Registries. The FNPR, the SF, the questionnaire, and the registry data can be linked using a social security number, which is unique to every person in Finland.
We calculated overall and phase-specific numbers of respondents and non-respondents, and the response rates among the study target population from the first study rounds over the years 2012 and 2013. For the number and rate of response, target population was followed from the date of the first mailing phase in 2012 and 2013 until January 31st the next year (in 2013 and 2014, respectively). Associations between non-response and the demographic characteristics were analysed using Poisson regression, and are reported by incidence rate ratios (IRR). Associations between the three various mailing phases and the demographic characteristics were analysed using ordinal logistic regression, and are reported by proportional odds ratios (POR). In each analysis, models without interaction terms were sufficient in describing the data.
The demographic characteristics applied in the analyses were the birth cohort (1963 or 1964), marital status, primary language, education, and university hospital region (based on information on municipality). Marital status was divided into the following categories: married (including also common-law marriages), single, divorced, and widow. Primary language was divided into categories Finnish, Swedish, and other, and education into categories primary (comprehensive education, 0–9 years), secondary (upper secondary general and/or vocational education, 9–12 years), and tertiary (higher and/or academic education, 12+ years). The five university hospital regions Helsinki (HYKS), Kuopio (KYS), Oulu (OYS), Tampere (TAYS) and Turku (TYKS) represented both geographical variation and density of the survey target population; Helsinki as the southern capital area (the most urban), Kuopio as the eastern area (mostly rural), Oulu as the northern area (mostly rural), Tampere as the central area (mostly urban), and Turku as the west-coast area (mostly urban). Those with unknown marital status as well as those living in the islands of Åland were excluded from the analyses due to small number of observations.
Potential bias due to non-response was addressed using the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) as an example. The SWLS is a five-statement, widely used generic instrument designed to measure cognitive judgements of satisfaction with one's life [16]. The respondents are asked to indicate their agreement with each of the statements using 1 to 7 scale. The final score varies from 5 to 35 with seven categories, where the smallest category (5–9) describes those extremely dissatisfied, and the highest (31–35) those extremely satisfied with their lives.
The SWLS score was first analysed as a function of demographic characteristics among the study respondents using ordinal logistic regression. Thereafter, inverse probability weighting (IPW) and multiple imputation (MI) were employed to find out whether associations between the demographic characteristics and the SWLS score among the study respondents were similar to that of a corrected, complete data set, i.e. a data set with a hypothetical 100 % response rate [17]. In the IPW approach, the complete data set was generated by weighting the observed responses by the inverse of their predicted probabilities of being the observed response. In the MI approach, the SWLS estimates for the non-respondents were generated with a set of 50 imputations from the observed respondent data.
Since relationships between the demographic characteristics and the life satisfaction may vary between the respondents and the non-respondents (e.g. the married respondents may be more or less satisfied with their lives than the married non-respondents), alternative assumptions on the distribution of the SWLS in relation to marital status and education were generated. The observed marginal distribution of the SWLS among the respondents was impaired and improved by 4 % for the non-respondents, thus formulating two new SWLS scores for the corrected, complete data set. Thereafter, these new, overall SWLS scores were compared with the previously formulated scores.
Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District Ethics Committee has approved the study design (17.4.2012, 43/13/03/00/2012) and National Institute for Health and Welfare has given permission to perform the study and use the data (20.2.2014, THL/1697/5.05.00/2013).
The overall response rate in 2012–2013 was 52.4 % in the entire target population (n = 10 000), and 53.0 % in the eligible study population (n = 9894). The non-reachable members of the target population (n = 106) were not included in the eligible study population. These were women, who refused to participate, did not return the informed consent, could not be reached by mail, or had died during the study period.
The response rates after the first mailing phase were 27.3 % in the birth cohort 1963, and 29.1 % in the birth cohort 1964. The corresponding percentages after the second phase were 41.5 and 45.6 %, and after the third phase 51.8 and 53.0 %, respectively (Table 1).
Table 1 The intake of the 1963 and 1964 born study population in 2012–2013
The distribution of demographic characteristics among the respondents, the non-respondents, and among the eligible study population is presented in Table 2. Compared to the non-respondents, the respondents were more often married, highly educated, and native speakers of Finnish or Swedish. The geographical distribution as well as the distribution by the birth cohort was similar among the respondents and the non-respondents. There were differences in the accumulation of respondents between the two birth cohorts over the three mailing phases in 2012 and 2013 (POR 1.08, 95 % CI 1.00–1.17) (Table 3). Nevertheless, the overall number of respondents as well as the distribution of demographic characteristics was similar in both birth cohorts (IRR 1.02, 95 % CI 0.97–1.08).
Table 2 Distribution of demographic characteristics among the eligible study population by the status of participation
Table 3 Response rates, and demographic factors associated with the response and the phases of response. For the response, incidence rate ratios (IRRs) are shown, and for the phases of response, proportional odds ratios (PORs) are shown, both with 95 % confidence intervals (lower, upper)
Most of the study respondents were satisfied to their lives (Fig. 2). Associations between the demographic characteristics and the SWLS among the survey respondents and in the two corrected data sets are presented in Table 4 by PORs and 95 % CIs. The results show that the PORs of life satisfaction within each demographic category are similar among the study respondents and among both of the completed data sets. The reference categories "married", "tertiary education", "Helsinki region (HYKS)", "the birth cohort 1963", and "Finnish language" represent those most satisfied.
Distribution of Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) by demographic characteristics among the study respondents. The final score of the SWLS varies from 5 to 35 with seven categories, where the smallest category (5–9) describes those extremely dissatisfied, and the highest (31–35) those extremely satisfied with their lives
Table 4 Proportional odds ratios (PORs) with 95 % confidence intervals of the SWLS for various data. These data consist of the respondents and two corrected, complete data sets. The complete data sets were generated from the respondent data using inverse probability weighting (dataa) and multiple imputation (datab)
Improving or impairing the life satisfaction (SWLS score) in relation to marital status or education among the non-respondents did not change associations between the SWLS and the demographic characteristics among the respondents and the corrected data sets (data not shown).
We present a design of a Finnish study, which evaluates impacts of breast cancer screening on self-reported lifestyle and quality of life. We also report response rates, analyse the distribution of demographic characteristics over the respondents and non-respondents from the first, two study rounds, and evaluate the impact of non-response on the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) as an example.
The Finnish study is conducted during the years 2012–2015 among 10 000, randomly selected women born in 1963 and 1964 by sending them a questionnaire 1 year before and 1 year after their first invitation to organised breast cancer screening. After 2015, lifestyle and quality of life among the study respondents will be examined in relation to screening participation and results.
The first two rounds of the study were carried out in 2012 and 2013. During these years, the overall response rate among the target population was 52.4 %. Modest response rates have been reported also from other European studies [18–21]. Empirical assessments over the past decade have, however, shown that response rates may not be as strongly associated with the quality or representativeness of the study as has been believed. Even non-direct relationships between the response rate and the non-response bias have been reported [22]. It thus seems that the degree to which sampled respondents differ from the eligible survey population as a whole is central to evaluate the representativeness. Therefore, a study with a relatively high response rate may produce more biased results than a study with a lower response rate from a truly random and representative group of respondents [23–25].
Our study included three mailing phases within both rounds in 2012–2013. During the first and the third phase, the eligible population (or the so far non-respondents) received a questionnaire with an information letter and an informed consent. During the second phase, the eligible population received only a reminder. The additional mailing phases increased the overall response rate from 28.2 to 52.4 %. The accumulation of data differed between the study years (and birth cohorts). This did not, however, affect the distribution of demographic characteristics between the respondents and non-respondents. Additional contacts with reminders have been successful in increasing the sample size also in other studies [26]. Nevertheless, criticism has been given on inflating costs due to re-contacts as well as on the low impact of re-contacts on the response rate and data quality especially after the second contact [27].
Compared to the non-respondents, the respondents of our study were more often married, highly educated, and native speakers. This is in line with several previous studies, which have reported elderly, married, and educated women to be the most frequent respondents in health care studies [19, 21, 28, 29]. Despite these differences, the addressed quality of life estimate (the Satisfaction With Life Scale, SWLS) was similar among the respondents and in the complemented data sets constructed by the inverse probability weighting (IPW) and multiple imputation (MI). Moreover, improving or impairing the SWLS score in relation to marital status or education among the non-respondents did not change the overall distribution of the SWLS in the corrected data.
Adopting a comprehensive strategy to investigate missing data early in the research process gives researchers information necessary to evaluate key assumptions. Both the IPW and the MI methods are widely used to assess or improve the accuracy of results in various study designs [17]. In Finland, the IPW method has previously been applied e.g. to improve accuracy of results of a population survey using sociodemographic register data covering the whole study sample [30]. In the United States, the IPW and the MI methods have been utilized also to examine internal validity of estimates derived from longitudinal studies [31, 32].
Our results indicate that the estimates of the SWLS scores among the study respondents are similar to those corrected for non-response among the eligible study population (i.e. in the data sets complemented by the IPW and the MI methods). This may be due to the fact that the non-married, less-educated, and foreign speaking women formulated only a minority of the eligible survey population. It is also possible, that the demographic characteristics alone are not able to adequately address the wellbeing of the target population. Given these warranties and based on the SWLS estimate, the respondents of this population-based study may well represent the eligible study population and the female age cohorts 1963 and 1964 in Finland.
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Two grants from the Cancer Society of Finland.
Finnish Cancer Registry, Unioninkatu 20-22, 00130, Helsinki, Finland
Tytti Sarkeala, Sirpa Heinävaara, Jonna Fredman, Maija Jäntti & Nea Malila
UKK Institute, Kaupinpuistonkatu 1, 33500, Tampere, Finland
Riitta Luoto
National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie 170, 00217, Helsinki, Finland
Satu Männistö
Tytti Sarkeala
Sirpa Heinävaara
Jonna Fredman
Maija Jäntti
Nea Malila
Correspondence to Tytti Sarkeala.
TS participated in the design of the study and drafted the manuscript. SH performed the statistical analyses and helped to draft the manuscript. JF coordinated the study for the first two years and JM thereafter. SM and RL commented critically the manuscript. NM participated in the design of the study and commented critically the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Sarkeala, T., Heinävaara, S., Fredman, J. et al. Design and respondent selection of a population-based study on associations between breast cancer screening, lifestyle and quality of life. BMC Public Health 15, 1256 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-015-2603-7


From the vault of my Revlon nail polishes, I bring you the long discontinued polish, Typhoon. I've had this polish for ages, and the formula is still good.
Typhoon is a shimmery, deep, medium blue with a barely-there violet sheen. Opaque in one coat, typhoon wears for 4-5 days.
Typhoon is a pretty shade of blue, and a perfect shade for Summer; I love the contrast this shade creates when paired with a tan, and wearing something white.
What are some of your favorite blue polishes?


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In Support of Angus Jones, a Seventh-day Adventist
Author Topic: In Support of Angus Jones, a Seventh-day Adventist (Read 2118 times)
When we make a decision to follow Jesus, it brings forth a new creature and a radical transformation of nature. It is true that we retain our old fallen nature, but there is a new power when we allow Jesus to take possession of our hearts. We become partakers of His divine nature and escape the corruption that is in the world (2 Peter 1:4). When most of us are converted we are often allowed time to adjust to our new life in Christ. This is not the case with Angus. He is in the fire and if the world hated Jesus, then it will hate all who follow in His path.
By warning others to not partake of the evil in this world, Angus has opened himself up to the wrath of Satan. We want to support Angus in that decision and encourage him to continue as a witness of the love of God for us while we were yet sinners. He is in a position to help many who have no peace and are quickly losing their hold on life as they sink lower and lower in the confusion and evil in the world today. Angus made a brave decision to testify publicly of his love for God and to be single minded to the glory of God.
All must respect the sacrifice that he has made in so doing, even if they disagree with him. It was an unselfish act and God will reward him abundantly as He does all who make a full surrender and live for His glory.
Re: In Support of Angus Jones, a Seventh-day Adventist
Angus understood when he was converted that it was an all or nothing commitment. Many who believe they are converted never give it all and they will be lost unless they make a full surrender to Jesus and become partakers of God's divine nature, new creatures in Christ Jesus.
Today, we read much from the world about how Angus has experienced a "meltdown". Many including his family and friends are concerned. Yet, they ought to be pleased that a young man in today's world has become more concerned about his future than living for the moment. They must not understand that Angus was using drugs and now he is not. They must not understand that he is happy and before he was not. It appears to me that many are being quite selfish in how they look at the situation.
Here is a typical worldly response to the conversion of Angus Jones. From his former co-actor, Charlie Sheen being reported by HuffPost TV. "'With Angus's Hale-Bopp-like meltdown, it is radically clear to me that the show is cursed.' Sheen was referencing the Heaven's Gate cult, an extraterrestrial-centric religion, whose 39 members committed mass suicide in 1997 in hopes of reaching a UFO following the comet Hale-Bopp." source
Sheen has no understanding of religious things, as his response reveals. His reaction as told to TMZ "I dare anyone to spend ten years in the laugh-track that is Chuck Lorre's hive of oppression and not suffer some form of an emotional tsunami" ought to please him that Angus recognized exactly what Sheen believes, that it is no place for a young child or for an adult. So, why call it a meltdown, Charlie? Unlike Sheen's experience when leaving the show Two and a Half Men where Sheen did have serious problems, Angus has gone in the opposite direction. He is dedicating his life to helping others, not hurting them.
And another from the same article: "The main concern is that he is going to give away all his money to the church. It's like he's been brainwashed. Everyone is shocked and very concerned." We all know better as we listen to Angus explain the Bible. He is thinking for himself and is being taught to look to the Bible, not to man, be it producer, mother, or preacher. That is the teaching in the Seventh-day Adventist Church.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Fixtures, General news, Johnstone's Paint Trophy
Coventry City to host Exeter City in JPT Second Round.
Posted by ccfctv ⋅ September 6, 2014 ⋅ Leave a comment
Filed Under 2014/2015 Season, Coventry City Football Club, Exeter City, Football League, Johnstone's Paint Trophy, JPT, League One, League Two, Ricoh Arena, Wycombe Wanderers
Coventry City will host League Two side Exeter City in the Second Round of the Johnstone's Paint Trophy.
The draw was made live on Sky Sports' Soccer AM this morning, and City's reward for overcoming Wycombe Wanderers this week is a home tie with The Grecians, who were awarded a bye into the Second Round.
City could have made a quick return to Sixfields as Northampton Town were also in the Southern Section, West, however they will travel to Portsmouth.
In four previous Johnstone's Paint Trophy games to be held at The Ricoh Arena, Coventry have drawn two games (but went on to defeat both Burton Albion (0-0) & Sheffield United (1-1) on penalties), defeated Preston North End (3-2) and lost to Crewe Alexandra in the Northern Section Final (0-3).
Last season City were awarded a bye to the second round where they were defeated by Leyton Orient, whilst Exeter lost 0-2 at home to Wycombe in the First Round.
All second-round ties are scheduled to be played week commencing 6th October 2014.
EDIT: Coventry City Football Club have now confirmed the game will take place on Tuesday, October 7th with kick off at 19:45.
The full draw is as follows:
Northern Section – West
Preston North End v Port Vale
Bury v Morecambe
Tranmere Rovers v Carlisle United
Rochdale v Walsall
Northern Section – East
Oldham Athletic v Barnsley
Scunthorpe United v Notts County
Hartlepool United v Sheffield United
Burton Albion v Doncaster Rovers
Southern Section – West
Plymouth Argyle v Newport County AFC or Swindon Town
Cheltenham Town v Bristol City
Portsmouth v Northampton Town
Coventry City v Exeter City
Southern Section – East
Luton Town v Crawley
Dagenham & Redbridge v Leyton Orient
Colchester United v Gillingham
MK Dons v AFC Wimbledon
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"Thursday Soup #13 - Trends Vs. Fads?"
I received an email from a gentleman last week, let's call him Paul. Paul is a homeowner and a condo investor who I've worked with since 2007.
He actively follows current real estate trends via reading my blog, attending seminars and other available learning resources. On this occasion, he had some concerns about a Toronto Star article he read last week, and wondered if I had any feedback.
The article described two preconstruction condo projects that were recently cancelled by developers and, subsequently, converted into rental apartment complexes.
The first project, Kingsclub was slated to be a 639-suite complex by Urban Corp., in the King & Dufferin area. Sales began as early as 2011.
On the news of cancellation, purchasers were refunded their deposits (plus interest) and their sales agreement with the builder were rendered null & void.
As one might imagine, buyers were surprised & disheartened at the news, which came quite unexpectedly.
The second project slated to be built was a 49-storey, 441-unit downtown condo and townhouse complex called The Selby.
It too was cancelled and converted to a rental project, but unlike Kingsclub, the cancellation occurred prior to sales being finalized. Rumors have been swirling that a deep-pocketed institutional investor acquired the site.
What's the impact on the rental market for owners/investors?
What's there to gain for builders?
1. Describing these two events, as a "trend" would not be accurate.
We would need to see a considerably higher number of builders getting on board and, more importantly, over a sustained period of time.
The merging of these factors are essential for this to be deemed a significant in the overall market scheme. That hasn't happened yet.
We've seen rents grow by about 20% over the past five years.
Further, it's no secret that despite the demand, newer purpose-built rental apartments in the city's core are very few in numbers.
As a result, condos have become the quintessential go-to-option in sealing that gap.
This is a major plus for investors as it shows the inherent strength and stability of the city's rental. For end-users, the ratio of renters to owners will depend on a project's per square foot pricing during the pre-construction phase.
Higher per sq. foot priced buildings usually attract a higher ratio of owners to renters as the carrying costs (mortgage, maintenance fees, taxes etc.) are more prohibitive, lessening the appealing to cashflow sensitive investor/landlords.
3. What's there to gain for builders in going the rental conversion route?
Well, it depends on the individual builder/developer in question. Clearly the numbers had to make sense going the conversion direction versus the sticking to the original plan.
I would consider this a fairly risky move on the PR front. If the transition isn't handled well, a builder's reputation could suffer, affecting current projects in the pipeline as well as potentially stymieing the sales success of future projects.
It's fair to surmise that the current status quo serves the developer/builder community very well. Recall that 2014 was the third best year for GTA New condo sales behind 2011 & 2007.
A total of 21,605 new condominium apartments were sold across the Greater Toronto Area during 2014.
Inventory levels in active development projects were reduced by 10% during the year to a total of 17,972 unsold units.
Measured against absorptions, the level of supply on the market fell to 10 months by the end of 2014, down from 16.5 months a year earlier and marking a return to balanced conditions.
A record 20,809 condo apartment units were completed in 2014, bringing down the under construction count to 52,446 units from a high of close to 59,000 units a year ago.
Remaining units under construction were 86% pre-sold at the end of the year.
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Fort Worth business targeted by thieves 14 times
Adair Eyewear has suffered $400,000 in damages and stolen goods. The business owner is warning other shops near 7th Street to be on alert.
Author: Eric Alvarez
Published: 7:31 PM CDT August 27, 2019
Updated: 7:31 PM CDT August 27, 2019
FORT WORTH, Texas — A Fort Worth business owner is warning neighboring stores to be on alert after her eyewear shop was targeted by thieves for the fourteenth time.
Three masked men trying to break into Adair Eyewear around 4 a.m. Tuesday on 7th Street. Surveillance footage captured video of the attempted break-in. The men have their faces covered and use a crowbar to try to pry open the door.
Owner and founder Alyce Jones believes the thieves were after the high-end glasses worth hundreds of dollars apiece.
"They were intending to wipe us out," Jones said.
The masked burglars were unable to break in and drove away when the alarm sounded. Jones installed an upgraded security system after a string of break-ins and attempted burglaries.
The business has been targeted 14 times over the years and has racked up more than $400,000 in damages and stolen items, Jones said.
Even though the three men didn't get in Tuesday, Jones has never been more concerned. She says it looked less like a crime of opportunity and more like a planned heist.
"They looked very professional, very aggressive," Jones said.
The store is in a growing neighborhood near the UNT Health Science Center. A number of bars and restaurants have opened in the last few years.
The combination brings students and customers out on the streets even late at night, said neighbor Melanie Jones, who is also Alyce's daughter. She warns others in the area to be on alert.
"It's kind of alarming," Jones said. "Because we're on the radar with all of the development, it's also attracting people that don't have our safety in mind."
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