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Speaking of Cliches
My kids have been visiting and they reminded me -- with all the politeness and sensitivity you'd expect from 20-somethings -- that I tend to offer up a lot of free, gratuitous advice in the form of tired old cliches. I don't think they take much of it to heart (although it is all excellent advice), but when they're not ignoring me they do sometimes find my offerings amusing.
For example, I try to tell my two kids to remain friends as adults, even as they get older and their lives diverge both professionally and geographically. Don't you think that's important? I do. Friends come and go, I tell them, but you always have family. Remember, blood is thicker than water.
However, my advice typically elicits no more than a big sigh and an obvious eye roll.
The usual reaction
I'm sure I was no different when I was a young adult. But I do recall my mother's favorite bit of advice. She always told me, A stitch in time saves nine. But then, she was a Depression baby. She also would trot out another chestnut: You can't have your cake and eat it too. Which I thought was a terrible piece of advice, since I figured the whole point of having cake was to eat it. But then, eventually, I did learn that if you eat the cake, you no longer have it.
My mother also warned me many times not to be a bull in a china shop (come to think of it, B sometimes tells me the same thing!), and when I got too anxious about something she'd warn me, Don't count your chickens before they hatch.
My dad used to say: There's more than one way to skin a cat. He was a crafty old soul, who felt that you had to take the world as it is, and figure out a way to carve out a place for yourself. And if you couldn't do it one way, you had to try another. He would also sometimes warn me that a person might have an ace up his sleeve. I could never quite figure out if my dad thought a person with an ace was dishonest, or whether he secretly admired the guy for being smarter than he looked.
There was one more my dad used, when he was trying to counsel me to be patient: Rome wasn't built in a day. I found that one particularly puzzling, because while I knew my dad counted his birthdays in Roman numerals, I couldn't figure out what Rome had to do with me. (Of course, now my kids count my birthdays in Roman numerals.)
My best friend's dad had a favorite phrase. He always talked about how some young fellow needed to cut his teeth on something -- meaning the fellow was green and had to get some experience. But what that had to do with teeth, I never did figure out.
I also remember once when I was in high school, a girl with an unfortunate skin condition who was also too-obviously overweight, took a shine to me. I was trying to avoid her without hurting her feelings. My friend smirked at me and said I should go out with her because, after all, beauty's only skin deep. Later, when I suggested to my friend that maybe he should ask her out, he retorted, yeah that'll happen when hell freezes over.
Of course, I hate to think what cliche Janie Smith, the prettiest girl in our class (or so I thought), trotted out when she found out I was smitten with her prepubescent charms. Probably something along the lines of, eeeww ... not in a million years.
When I was a kid, I found many of these old sayings annoying, even if they were sometimes instructional. But once I had my own kids, I found myself trotting out these old phrases like -- well, like I had an ace up my sleeve, even though I was really laying an egg.
But the one my kids find most laughable is: A penny saved is a penny earned. Like most kids (and adults too, I might add) if they see a penny on the sidewalk, they won't even bother to stoop over to pick it up. Not worth the effort.
So what's your favorite cliche, or favorite piece of advice? My kids still have a few problems in their lives, a few big decisions to make, and I would like to be able pass on some cogent advice to them. And who knows, maybe someday I'll have grandchildren, who will be eager for my words of wisdom.
In the meantime, let me pass on another favorite: Merry Christmas to all, and to all a good night!
Labels: Humor, State of Mind
The Friday Front
An item this week that caught my attention, and might catch yours . . .
I saw two articles this week that seem to offer dueling views on the economy, and what it means for Baby Boomers and our children.
In "The Baby Bump" from the New York Times, two former members of the Obama administration, Kenneth S. Baer and Jeffrey B. Liebman, argue that there's really no good reason to worry about the federal budget deficit and the nation's high unemployment rate.
The reason the government is spending so much money, they point out, is not because Congress has gone on an out-of-control spending spree, as some have charged. It's because of a demographic shift.
The unemployment rate has started to go back down
We're spending more on Social Security, Medicare and Medicaid, because Baby Boomers are getting older, so there are a lot more retired people with a lot more medical problems. But aside from this demographic shift, the government has actually been fiscally responsible in recent years. Spending on discretionary items, such as defense, agriculture and education, has gone down, at least as a percentage of our gross domestic product (GDP).
The authors also say the high unemployment rate is a temporary problem that will correct itself over time. The economy is currently generating about 150,000 jobs a month. According to critics that's not enough to employ all the new high school and college graduates entering the workforce. The critics point to the falling labor participation rate, and say the only reason the unemployment rate is going down is because so many people are discouraged and have given up looking for work.
But the authors claim that 200,000 Baby Boomers are retiring every month -- and it's all those retirees, not discouraged workers, who account for the falling labor participation rate. They figure that 200,000 replacement jobs, plus 150,000 new jobs, offer plenty of opportunities for newcomers to the employment rolls.
But the labor participation rate has not improved
The authors don't say where they get a figure of 200,000 Baby Boomers retiring every month. Honestly, I don't believe it. Maybe it's possible that 200,000 Baby Boomers are leaving the workforce (although that figure still seems inflated), but no doubt a lot of them are getting laid off or packaged out.
Regardless, just try to tell any of this to young people, says Robert Samuelson in his Washington Post article "Is the Economy Creating a Lost Generation?" His analysis shows that for young people jobs are scarce, and those that are available pay low wages with few benefits. The result is some 20% of young workers are underemployed -- either officially unemployed, working part time, or so discouraged they've stopped looking for a job.
Furthermore, the stagnant job market blocks the traditional path to better jobs and higher pay. Historically, young people moved up the economic ladder by changing jobs, learning new skills, developing their business network. But today, with jobs so scarce, those who are employed are clinging to their old jobs. They're too scared to jump at new opportunities, the time-honored way to increase pay and responsibility.
As a result, fewer young people are getting married, buying houses and starting families. In 2011, the birth rate dropped to its lowest level since numbers started being reliably recorded in 1920. The expected fertility rate (the number of children born to a woman in her lifetime) has now fallen for four years in a row, down to 1.9 (the replacement rate is 2.1).
And young people are left behind
Samuelson does not hold out a lot of economic hope for our children, at least for the immediate future. He points out in another article, "Job Creation's Glum Arithmetic," that even if you take the official unemployment rate at face value (ignoring all the underemployed), given current job-creation rates, it will take until 2018 to get the unemployment rate back down to a barely acceptable 6.5%. Even if we start generating 250,000 jobs a month, it will be the end of 2014 before we reach that rather modest goal.
And that's assuming we fix the fiscal cliff, reform the tax code, avoid future energy shocks, and do not suffer another recession.
I don't know whether to believe Baer and Liebman from the Times, or Samuelson from the Post. But all this is somewhat disconcerting to me. I'm no longer looking for a job myself. But as someone who was forced out of the labor pool prematurely, as someone who is officially counted as retired but is really just underemployed, what I really wonder is: If those young people don't start making more money, who's going to pay my Medicare and Social Security?
Labels: Boomernomics
Gun Safety, Not Gun Control
People have been talking about gun control, and how we treat the mentally ill, ever since last Friday when the Newtown shootings took place. I've seen various comments in the media and postings on Facebook like the ones below.
The Newtown wound is still very raw -- the first funerals were held yesterday. Nevertheless, I think we should keep the conversation going about how to stop these killers. And before we all get too depressed, we should also keep things in perspective.
Some 8,800 of those U. S. handgun fatalities were murders; almost 2,000 were accidents
First of all, remember that violent crimes in America have gone way down since they peaked in the early 1990s. Murders have declined from over 24,000 per year to less than 15,000 per year, even though we have a larger population. The violent crime rate has dropped from over 700 per 10,000 residents to less than 400 per 100,000 residents.
And we also have to remember that mass killings have a long tradition in this country. Don't you remember Charles Whitman picking off students from the observation deck of the main building at the University of Texas in 1966? He killed over a dozen people -- and was killed at the scene by a police officer.
But of course the fact that mass shootings almost rate as an American tradition is cold comfort to the latest victims. Indeed, if anything, what it says to me is this: It's about time we finally do something about them.
In 1994 the U. S. Congress passed a law banning automatic assault weapons. But the law sunsetted after ten years, in 2004, when Congress did nothing to extend or renew it. So presumably it was perfectly legal for Mrs. Lanza to have all those weapons in her house -- the ones her disturbed son took and used to kill her and the young students at the school.
I saw this table on the Internet. It is wrong. CDC figures for 2009 do say 11,493 firearm homicides, but the 16,799 number is for TOTAL homicides -- meaning only 5,306 were non-firearm homicides
I have seen a few articles making essentially the same argument for guns that my brother-in-law makes -- that if more people were armed, then potential mass murderers might think twice before they initiated their attacks. See this article by John Fund at National Review if you want to follow the reasoning.
John Oliver from The Daily Show with Jon Stewart
These arguments make a certain kind of internal logic. But they just don't square with reality. First of all, many of the killers like Adam Lanza are on a suicide mission. What do they care if someone else has a gun? Besides, they typically outarm any potential gun-carrying citizen. Plus, the proof of the pudding is that, with all the guns in America, it's never a civilian who stops the killer. It's always the cops.
In 1966, a civilian joined the police officers who attacked Charles Whitman on the observation deck. But the civilian's rifle went off prematurely by mistake. It was the cops who actually took down the killer.
Furthermore, I don't see any justification for allowing normal citizens to carry automatic weapons. There's nothing in the 2nd Amendment about automatic weapons. We banned them once before; we should do it again. Here's a report on what some U. S. Senators are beginning to propose.
I understand that Americans want to be able to hunt, and go take target practice, and the 2nd Amendment clearly gives them the right to do that. But I don't see why the ownership of guns can't be regulated on the basis of public safety, just like we do with drugs or automobiles. After all, it's not hard to get a driver's license, or buy a car. Nobody is trying to "take away" our cars by requiring us to have a license and register our cars with the state. But if a car is used in a crime, or a driver hurts someone in a hit-and-run, we at least know how to track them down. And the fact that people know this likely has some deterrent effect against reckless driving and criminal behavior.
Obviously, regulating guns more effectively is not the whole answer to the Newtown type of crime. But instituting some reasonable safety regulations is absolutely part of the solution. Certainly, we can also work to improve our schools and our mental health facilities. But that's a long and uncertain road.
Some people have fingered violent video games and violence in the media as contributing factors to violence in the real world. I'm sure there's some truth to that. But I doubt we're ready to start down the road to censorship, so we have to rely on the media to police itself, which you know is not going to be very effective.
You might have seen the following message on the Internet, supposedly from Morgan Freeman. I read it and thought it made some sense. Then I found out the message is a hoax. It did not come from Morgan Freeman. But whoever posted it ... maybe they weren't so very wrong.
The apocryphal message from Morgan Freeman
I hope we keep the conversation going. I hope those Senators are successful in banning assault weapons. And I hope the U. S. continues the trend of less gun violence, and less violence in general, as the months and years go on. Because I don't want to be the next victim. And I sure don't want my kids to be the next victims.
Blogging Boomers
Just a note to prompt you to head over and take a look at the Midlife Crisis Queen to check out the Winter Solstice edition of the Blogging Boomers Carnival.
She's got some news from the writing front; plus, you'll of course find links to several interesting Baby Boomer posts.
One entry discusses how as a general rule Baby Boomers talk more frequently to their adult children than their parents did. Another offers a few tips on how to cut holiday costs. And there's a new member, with a blog called Life After Married, who covers all the vicissitudes of Baby Boomer relationships.
Go ahead, click on the link. It's worth the trip.
Whew! Well, that's over and done with. I'm good for another five years.
The strangest thing happened on our way out of the medical office. As we exited the elevator, we ran into a friend of mine. He moved to the city a few years ago after he got divorced, but still comes out here to the suburbs to see the doctor. He was just going in for his physical. (I asked him later how it went. He frowned and said, "My doctor wants me to lose weight." I told him: "Well, just get yourself a fatter doctor!")
Half a minute later, in the lobby, we saw a woman I used to work with. Hadn't seen her in at least five years. We exchanged startled hellos, and briefly caught up on what we'd been doing. I don't know what she was there for, but she looked happy enough, and so it couldn't have been anything serious.
Then before we even got to the parking lot, we saw our dance instructor, who was coming in to the facility with her mother. More surprised hellos, and quick catching up.
Is this what happens when you get older -- you see all your friends at the doctor's office?
Anyway, B and I have already made a date, for December 2017, for our next colonoscopy. But, I wonder, will we still be living here then? Will we be somewhere else? But at least it's likely that we'll be alive.
It seems embarrassingly petty and self-centered to be worrying about a possible polyp in my colon when 20 little kids are being shot and murdered up in Connecticut. What are my problems compared to theirs? Just think of the lives cut short, the horror the parents must be going through. Our hearts obviously go out to them.
My brother-in-law would say that if more people were armed, then maybe these things wouldn't happen. Somebody with a gun might have stopped the shooter; and besides, if the shooter knew there was a good chance he'd run into someone who'd shoot back, maybe he wouldn't try to kill these kids and their teachers in the first place.
My brother-in-law spent 20-plus years in the military, and I know he owns at least one gun -- he showed me his license once -- and is comfortable carrying a lethal weapon. He's a conservative who believes in individual freedom and personal responsibility, and the right to carry arms. He talks the conservative line in general, and since he's a mature, responsible person his outlook works pretty well for him. And honestly, for the most part I respect his beliefs. I even share some of them, at least to some reasonable extent. I certainly don't think he's a stupid kuckledragger -- the way a lot of liberals think of people who don't agree with them.
But I do think my brother-in-law is wrong on guns.
How can anyone seriously think that arming more people would prevent incidents like the one in Newtown, Conn.? We're not in the wild west anymore -- and besides, that wasn't such a safe place anyway. Is a civilian really going to pull out his gun and confront a killer? And if he did, how would he fare against a shooter who's wearing combat gear and carrying semiautomatic pistols and a semiautomatic rifle?
Did any armed bystander pull out a gun and stop the killing in Tucson in Jan. 2011? Or in Aurora, Colorado, in July 2012? Or at Virginia Tech in July 2007?
No, instead we hear news like we did last week, of a man in Pennsylvania who accidentally shot and killed his son in the parking lot of a gun store. He thought the gun was not loaded.
It's time to interpret the 2nd Amendment in the light of the 21st century, instead of the 18th century, to make sure we keep semiautomatic guns out of the hands of people who are mentally disturbed, or even just careless. Would it be that horrible to require people to be trained and licensed before they could shoot a gun? After all, we don't hesitate to require that of people who drive an automobile. Would it be that horrible to register guns, like we do automobiles, and require owners be responsible for them and to carry liability insurance?
And while we're at it, do we have to all be so resentful and angry all the time? Do we have to call people nasty names when they don't agree with us? Do we have to be so aggressive when we're on the road and cloaked in the anonymity of our cars? Do we have to beat people up (as they did in Michigan last week) when they vote on legislation we don't like?
I think we all need to be a little less self-centered, a little more caring of others, a little less insulting to people who don't agree with us. Let's do it for the kids.
Getting to the Bottom of Colon Cancer
There's no way to put a pretty face on it, and no way to stem the tide: I've been scheduled for a colonoscopy.
B and I each had a colonoscopy a little over five years ago. B is blessed with good genes and a clean alimentary tract, and was told she didn't need to get another test done for ten years. But I had a few bits and bumps that the doctor judged had to be removed. He told me I had to come back for another round in five years.
Now my time is up. [But don't worry, in the interest of discretion, and retaining my PG rating, I am not including a photo in this post.]
So in preparation for my test -- no, not that preparation, but getting ready for it emotionally and psychologically -- I've done a little research into this disease, which according to my gastroenterologist is the second most common cancer killer in America today.
Colon cancer and cancer of the rectum -- sometimes lumped together as colorectal cancer -- typically begin with the growth of a polyp, small abnormal tissue that can appear on mucus membranes. You can get polyps in your stomach, your sinuses, your uterus, bladder or vocal chords. Or in your colon. Most are benign. Some can eventually progress to cancer, but it's a slow process that usually takes five to ten years.
The symptoms of colorectal cancer include a change in bowel habits, bleeding, anemia, bloating or unexplained fatigue. But the sneaky thing about colon cancer is that the symptoms often don't show up until it's too late. There is one test -- for fecal occult blood -- that can detect bleeding in the colon long before it becomes visible to the naked eye. But the test is not particularly accurate -- the bleeding may not show up, or it could be due to something as simple as hemorrhoids.
If you test positive for occult blood, or for those of us over age 50, especially if there's any family history of colon cancer, doctors typically recommend going on to the next step, which is a colonoscopy. There are variations on the procedure -- for example, one option is the virtual colonoscopy, done with computer imaging -- but the usual method involves a doctor snaking a thin tube equipped with a camera and cutting instrument up the length of your colon. If there's a polyp . . . snip, snip, and it's gone, long before it turns into cancer, and the procedure is done with minimal risk and usually no adverse effects.
I have undergone three colonoscopies in my day. Up until now they were covered by insurance, after a $50 copay. But I've found out that my plan has changed -- now it's subject to my $1000 deductible. And since I've been lucky enough not to use up my deductible this year, it's gonna cost me. But I figure it's worth it if it, literally, saves my ass (oops, there goes my PG rating). Next time around, I'll be on Medicare. Does anyone know if Medicare covers colonoscopies?
I first heard of this test in 1999, when I was 50 and went for my usual physical checkup. The doctor asked me if I had a family history of polyps. I didn't know. We didn't talk about such things in my family. Then, after he explained the procedure, I was horrified. I really couldn't believe he'd do that to me. I rushed home in a panic and immediately called my parents. Did they ever have polyps? Had they heard of this test? "Oh yeah, sure," they told me offhandedly. "It's no big deal. We go in every few years. The doctor usually finds something, but he takes it out, cleans us up, and we're good to go. No problem."
So I went for the procedure, and now -- proving that human beings can get used to almost anything -- it no longer seems quite so shocking to me. It's become almost routine, like it did for my now dearly departed parents. Okay, the preparation is a little nasty. You do, after all, have to clean out your colon so the doctor can see what he's doing. But, hey, let's be mature about this.
If you want to know more about colon cancer, the Webmd page on colorectal cancer is a good place to start.
In the meantime, about six or eight years ago, I gave up eating red meat, in part because the consumption of red meat, especially processed meats like bacon or lunch meats, supposedly increases your risk of contracting colon cancer. I gave up smoking long ago, and I try to get a decent amount of exercise and keep my weight at close to a normal level (with limited success) -- all of which is supposed to help you avoid the perils of colon cancer, as well as any other kind of cancer.
If I sound flip about what is really a serious disease, I just don't know how else to approach it. And beyond taking the usual precautions, I guess there's nothing else to do but hope for the best. Wish me luck!
Are You Fragile, or Antifragile?
Nassim Nicholas Taleb, who famously warned of the Great Recession in his earlier book The Black Swan, now advises us how to thrive in an uncertain world in his new book Antifragile: Things that Gain from Disorder.
Taleb, a former Wall Street trader and currently a professor at NYU Polytechnic Institute, specializes in probabilities and uncertainties. His singular insight in his first book was that unlikely and improbable events sometimes do occur, and when they do they cause huge, sometimes catastrophic consequences.
Most of us think that the future will basically repeat the past, with perhaps a few minor variations. But he says the really important events are rare and unpredictable. He calls them Black Swans, a reference to a 17th century truism that all swans were white. What was the chance of seeing a black swan? It was impossible to calculate -- until 1697 when explorers found the black Cygnus atratus in Australia.
Taleb says that predicting the future by extrapolating past events -- which is what economists, political operatives and marketing gurus do -- may be reasonable and plausible, but the exercise is practically useless. Who predicted September 11, or the financial crisis of 2008? But not all Black Swans are bad. There was the end of the Cold War. The smart phone. "History does not crawl," says Nassim, "it jumps."
In his new book, Taleb looks at everything from individuals to corporations to governments, and he finds that systems tend to get stronger when they're routinely subjected to minor stress, disorder and turmoil. People and organizations that face up to challenges on an ongoing basis are able to survive the large events. They are antifragile. Conversely, if you're fragile, you're disproportionally harmed by large events.
Fragile entities can't handle outside threats because they haven't been tested. They can't accommodate change from within because differences are suppressed or ignored. The Soviet Union, which suppressed dissent, was a fragile state. The industrial towns of the Midwest were fragile, because one change killed the town. Silicon Valley is antifragile. Detroit is fragile.
Democracies are antifragile. They not only tolerate argument and dissent, but actually thrive on the give-and-take of various interests. They trade short-term predictability for long-term stability. A country like Saudi Arabia, which does not tolerate dissent, is a fragile state.
Who's more fragile -- the loyal 50-year-old corporate employee with 25 years of service and a $100,000 salary, or the cab driver or restauranteur who works for himself and makes $50,000 a year?
The loyal employee.
The cabdriver and restauranteur control their own work flow; they're constantly in contact with customers; if things change they know right away and can adapt. The corporate employee is at the mercy of the bureaucracy; he or she doesn't control sales or new products and may not even know about a developing accounting scandal. Typically, loyal employees who get laid off haven't dealt with the changes and the disorder of the outside world -- and may have few resources to make their own way in a new competitive environment. And if those employees carry a lot of debt, they are even more fragile.
Taleb's message is that while most of us feel uncomfortable with stress and strain, the struggle makes us strong. By responding to small shocks we constantly refine and improve our system. Conversely, removing small shocks creates the illusion of stability, but makes a system more prone to falling apart when the next crisis comes along.
I don't know how accurate or groundbreaking Taleb's ideas are. They have been criticized by some academics. But they seem interesting and relevant to me, particularly the notion he develops that our modern economy has created structures allowing certain groups of people -- like corporate bankers and politicians -- to take excessive risks without any risk to themselves personally. Top executives and elected representatives are able to pass the downside consequences of their actions onto stockholders, pension funds and taxpayers -- transferring their own fragility to other people.
One way to avoid this, Taleb argues, is to insist that all decision makers bear the consequences of their actions. Corporate officers should own their company stock, and suffer financially if they make bad decisions, not walk away with million-dollar exit bonuses. Politicians should have the same medical and retirement plans as their constituents. Doctors and lawyers should be paid for results, not on the basis of how many tests they do or motions they file.
Aside from that, I hope he's right about his main point: that argument and dissent make a nation stronger. Because we certainly have plenty of that, don't we?
Women's Pipeline Problem
According to The Week magazine the results of the recent election will bring the number of women in the U. S. Senate to 20, up from 17 in this past session, and the number of women in the House of Representatives up to 80 from 78.
In both cases, it will mean a record number of women serving in the U. S. Congress.
Women have been making steady gains in politics ever since 1992, according to Bloomberg Businessweek, when controversial confirmation hearings embroiled Supreme Court candidate Clarence Thomas in sexual harassment charges brought by Anita Hill. Many women were disgusted by the hearings, and turned their anger and frustration into political action. The next election, dubbed The Year of the Woman, brought a then-record seven women into the U. S. Senate. And women have been making progress ever since.
Tammy Baldwin (D, WI)
Among the new U. S. Senators is Wisconsin's Tammy Baldwin, who won an impressive victory over former governor and U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Tommy Thompson, with 51.5% of the vote. She will become the first openly gay member of the Senate when she arrives in Washington in January.
Elizabeth Warren (D, MA)
Elizabeth Warren beat out Republican incumbent Scott Brown of Massachusetts. Warren, born in Oklahoma, is a bankruptcy specialist and Harvard law professor, who made a name for herself as the "Sheriff of Wall Street," pushing regulation in the financial industry. She survived charges that she had unfairly benefited from minority status after claiming she was 1/32nd Native American, and went on to win her seat with 53.7% of the vote, to Brown's 46.3%.
Mazie Hirono (D, HI)
In Hawaii, where two women were vying against each other for an open Senate seat, U.S. Representative Mazie Hirono, a Democrat, defeated former Republican Governor Linda Lingle to earn the ticket to Washington. (In my state, New York, there were also two women facing off against each other. Incumbent Kirsten Gillibrand, appointed in 2009 to fill out Hillary Clinton's term, easily beat out Republican challenger Wendy Long.)
Heidi Heitkamp (D, ND)
In a much closer race former North Dakota Attorney General Heidi Heitkamp, a Democrat, defeated Republican U.S. Representative Rick Berg for an open seat. She overcame a 20% Romney win in the state's presidential contest to eke out the Senate seat by a 1% margin of victory.
Nebraska told a slightly different story, as a Republican woman beat out her male opponent. State Senator Deb Fischer, a rancher and self-described staunch conservative, easily defeated Democrat Bob Kerrey, a former two-term Nebraska Senator who had been living and working in New York for the past ten years.
Deb Fischer (R, NE)
Still, despite the record number of women in Washington, why is it that women make up over half the electorate, but only 20% of the U. S. Congress?
"It's partly a pipeline problem," according to The Week. Women take up only about a quarter of the seats in state legislatures, which in effect serve as a farm league for Congressional candidates. But of course women also face the usual career impediments involving family issues. And according to some surveys a lot of potential women candidates are especially put off pursuing politics by the intense scrutiny and political partisanship of the media, with coverage that's too personal, too negative and too stereotyped.
Labels: What's Happening
Everyone's going to remember this person, even though he died 32 years ago.
He was born in 1940 during the depths of World War II. His mother's name was Julia. His father, Alfred, worked as a merchant seaman and was away at the time of his son's birth.
His father disappeared "absent without leave" in 1944, which left his wife and young son without means of support. When Alfred later returned home and wanted to reestablish his family, Julia was already pregnant by another man, and she refused his offer.
Julia eventually remarried, but asked her sister to take care of her boy. Then Alfred wanted to take him back, with a plan to move to Australia. Julia objected, putting the young boy in the position of having to choose between his mother and father. At first he elected to go with his father, but in the end he held his mother's hand and followed her home. It would be 20 years before he saw his father again.
As might be imagined, he had a rebellious nature and didn't fit in well at school. "I was the one," he later wrote, "who all the other boys' parents would say, 'Keep away from him.' The parents instinctively recognized I was a troublemaker, meaning I did not conform and I would influence their children, which I did. I did my best to disrupt every friend's home, partly out of envy that I didn't have this so-called home ..."
He listened to Elvis Presley and African American R & B records. He spent much of his youth living with his mother's sister, Aunt Mimi, but his mother often came by and supported his interest in music -- listening to records with him and teaching him how to play the banjo and the piano.
In high school he was described as a humorous, happy-go-lucky kid who paid little attention to his studies. His school reports were pretty damning: "Certainly on the road to failure ... a clown in class ... wasting other pupils' time." Yet he showed artistic talent, drew cartoons for his school paper, and claimed that one day he would be famous.
His mother bought him his first guitar in 1956. She had it delivered to her house -- not to her sister's house where her son was living at the time. The sister hoped the boy would get tired of music and settle down to a more traditional vocation. "The guitar's all very well," she told the boy, "but you'll never make a living out of it."
His mother was run over and killed by a car in 1958, further roiling his life. He couldn't get into a regular college, so he attended an art institute where he disrupted classes, ridiculed teachers, failed his exams -- and met his first wife Cynthia.
Meanwhile, he had started a band, and he began to put together the group that would lead him to fame -- but not without a few bumps in the road. He brought in his school friend, Stuart Sutcliffe, to play bass in the band, but he soon quit. The fledgling band signed on a drummer who toured with them to Germany, but then he was replaced by a percussionist with more star power.
Finally the band settled on its four players. They worked hard, got a lot of experience, and soon went on to fame and fortune. But the rebellious art-school dropout, who would now be 72, was always the leader. His equally famous songwriting partner later admitted that the other band members idolized him. "He was like our own little Elvis ... He was older and very much the leader, he was the quickest wit and the smartest."
The band's first single was released in October 1962, and by 1963 the lads were topping the charts in England. And if you don't know who I'm referring to by now, you weren't alive in the 1960s. They made their first trip to America in February 1964 and appeared on . . . well, where were you when the Beatles first appeared on Ed Sullivan?
There's a lot of argument over what song rates as the biggest selling Lennon/McCartney tune. But the best estimate has to be:
As far as the best-selling John Lennon solo, it was recorded in 1971, after the Beatles broke up, when he was entering the next phase of his life in New York City -- and where as we all know he was shot and killed while walking to his apartment in The Dakota on December 8, 1980.
In case you're wondering if these songs are still relevant, 40 or 50 years later, I can report that they're still being sung by recording artists all across the universe. If you're interested in more, try the link to this version of Imagine by David Archuleta from American Idol a few years ago; and this modern take on I Wanna Hold Your Hand from the 2007 movie Across the Universe.
Labels: Music, Remember Him?
Baby Boomers Slouch into December
Did it seem to you that December took a long time to get here? It did to me, I guess because Thanksgiving came early this year. My internal clock says December should arrive a few days after Thanksgiving. But this year it took 9 days for the calendar flip over.
Be that as it may, my Christmas -- er, Holiday lights are up. Santa Claus is standing out there in the rain. And the calendar has also come around again for my turn at the Blogging Boomer Carnival.
I'd like to be in a position to spread some Christmas cheer, but the first entry comes to us from John Agno at So Baby Boomer, who reminds us that beginning in the 1960s, many U.S. manufacturers moved their operations to the lowest cost labor source. This resulted in many of the Baby Boomer Generation, who were born in what are now ghost towns, finding employment opportunities elsewhere.
(But rest assured, So Baby Boomer's reflection on his own ghost town is interesting, not depressing, and it includes a recommendation for a new book by one of my favorite authors.)
Laura Lee over at Midlife Crisis Queen reports in: "Since I'm now known for my annual 'I'm beginning to dread a lot about Christmas' post, this new post named How to Make Happier Holidays shouldn't surprise you. No more than Congress: DO YOUR JOB! on my Midlife Queen Blows off Steam blog. This one fell out of my brain at 4 a.m. recently!"
(Although, in my opinion, even thinking about Congress can be depressing!)
On The Survive and Thrive Boomer Guide, Rita R. Robison, consumer journalist, writes about a Consumer Reports cell phone survey showing that Verizon Wireless received the most favorable scores for voice and data service quality and service. Sprint, T-Mobile, and AT&T received mostly middle to low marks, especially for voice and text service quality.
(In case anyone's interested, I want an iPad for Christmas, with 4G capability; and my carrier is Verizon.)
Meanwhile, Baby Boom blogger Katie Foster is traveling these days -- apparently with limited access to the Internet. Since she's based in Dubai, one can only speculate how far afield she's gone this time! But here's a ticket to Arabian Tales if you want to revisit her blog.
(I myself stay closer to home over Christmas; the best I've got is an invitation to drive 3 hours to go see some family in Pennsylvania.)
So anyway, it's not only the Midlife Crisis Queen who's talking about the Fiscal Cliff. I myself did an entry on it a few days ago. But there's another financial issue that was recently on people's minds. Which begs the question: What do you do with last week's losing lottery tickets? Use them for confetti? As kindling to start your Yuletide log? A bookmark? Or, as one person suggested, throw them all over the Fiscal Cliff to cushion the fall?!?
Meanwhile, here from HappyPlace.com (which I'd say is R-rated, so don't go there if you're easily offended) are instructions on . . .


Humanity is pushed to its limits in this bleak portrayal of a macabre world. After waking up in a hotel bathtub without any recollection of who he is, murder suspect John Murdoch (Rufus Sewell) begins a search for his identity that soon begins to unearth a much greater secret at the heart of the city. Along his path he comes across Doctor Schreber (Kiefer Sutherland) who feeds him cryptic information that promises to give him the answers he so desperately seeks. Soon Murdoch realises that every midnight life in the city comes to a halt and something much more terrifying replaces it, manipulating the reality he can barely relate to. Further questions arise and he is soon left wondering just how much of his reality is real. The darkness surrounding the city is mirrored by its inhabitants' awareness of the peril they unconsciously face.
Written and directed by Alex Proyas, director of The Crow and I, Robot, Dark City poses interesting questions surrounding the concept of reality. In many ways a predecessor to films like The Matrix, the film warps our understanding of the world around us by subjecting it to believable 'what-if's. Although in this case such a 'what-if' takes the form of aliens taking our society and 'tuning' it to their own accord to better understand the human soul, the outcome is still chilling and scarily viable.
Dark City explores the repercussions 'last Thursdayism' (the idea that the world may have in fact been created as recently as last Thursday but we lack the means to realise it) may have on an American city alienated from the rest of the world. The aliens themselves are as chilling as the films representation of the pliability of human awareness. The so-called 'Strangers' use cadavers as hosts to their almost other-worldly selves. Horrific acts against humanity are intensified when seen being carried by the aliens disguised as children.
Much like the city it depictsm the film embraces many eras of cinematic style. Glimpses of film noir are intertwined with peculiar yet impressive special effects. According to IMDb the film also has one of the shortest average shot lengths, with there being a cut every 1.8 seconds, adding to the film's intensity.
With the tag line 'Forget the sun. Forget time. Forget your memories', Dark City provides a chilling picture of the modifiability of the human soul and asks just how sure we can be of who we are.
Keep an eye out for an appearance from John Bluthal, the shy quiet old man from Vicar of Dibley!


text:
The New Testament: Being the English Only of the Greek and English Testament
By Abner Kneeland
Bible. 71. T. Englesku. Krielaid, i823
NEW TESTAMENT;
BEING THE ENGLISH ONLY
GREEK AND ENGLISH TESTAMENT;
Translated from the original Greek according to Griesbach; upon the
basis of the fourth London edition of the Improved Version,
with an attempt to further improvement from the
translations of Campbell, Wakefield, Scarlett,
Macknight, and Thomson.
BY ABNER KNEELAND,
Minister of the First Independent Church of Christ, called Universalist,
in Philadelphia.
Published by the Editor, No. 31, South Second Street, and sold by him-also
by Abm. Small, No. 165, Chesnut Street; and by the
principal booksellers in the city.
WILLIAM FRY, PRINTER,
Eastern District of Pennsylvania, to wit:
BE IT REMEMBERED, that on the twenty-third day of *SEAL.* March, in the forty-sixth year of the Independence of the
United States of America, A. D. 1822, the Rev. Abner Knee
land, of the said District, has deposited in this office the title of a Book, the right whereof he claims as proprietor, in the words following, to wit: "The New Testament, being the English only, of the Greek and
English Testament ; translated from the original Greek according to Griesbach ; upon the basis of the fourth London edition of the Improved Version, with an attempt to further improvement from the translations of Campbell, Wakefield, Scarlett, Macknight, and Thomson. By Abner Kneeland, Minister of the First Independent
Church of Christ, called Universalist, in Philadelphia." In conformity to the Act of the Congress of the United States, enti. tled, " An Act for the encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned" —And also to the Act, entitled, "An Act supplementary to an Act, entitled, 'An Act for the encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies during the times therein mentioned,' and extending the benefits thereof to the Arts of designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints."
D. CALDWELL,
Clerk of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania.
THEOLOGICAL LIERAILI
CAMBRIKE: MASS.
To the Greek and English Testament.
HAVING been denied in early life (through want of means) the benefits of a classical education-entering into the work of the ministry totally ignorant of the dead languages—and having obtained, under all these disadvantages, through indefatigable labour and toil, that knowledge of the scriptures which he now possesses, the editor of this New Testament, in Greek and English, knows how to feel for others placed in a similar situation; and can better judge what will be useful to them, than those who were taught the languages in their youthful days, so that, perhaps, they have almost forgotten when they were ignorant of them. He has long wished, and indulged himself some in the expectation, that, some day or other, he might see such a Testament, as is here presented to the public, published by some of our learned seminaries or theological institutions; but his expectation (if he had a right to expect any thing of the kind) has hitherto been fruitless; and he has been finally led to think seriously of undertaking the work himself. For notwithstanding the various translations of the New Testament in English, by different authors, all men of learning and piety, yet a Greek and English Testament is still a desideratum in the Christian world ; (especially where the English language is spoken, which is now extending itself to almost all parts of the habitable globe) and which, were it not for preju. dice and habit, would be not only thought almost an indispensable article to the young student, particularly such as are designed for the work of the ministry, but will, we have no doubt, be equally satisfactory and edifying to many common readers. Yea, the editor is certain from his own experience, that it will enable any one in a very short time, with proper attention, to attain to some, however imperfect, yet very useful knowledge of the language in which the sacred scriptures were originally written: and thereby it will enable the pious unprejudiced Christian to read the English translation with more satisfaction and edification. And since

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Simchat Torah 2019 - Calendar Date. When is Simchat Torah 2019?
Why we celebrate Simchat Torah?
Simchat Torah – Hebrew, which means "rejoicing the Torah." Previously, the holiday was considered the second day of Shemini. He was not marked separately. Later, in some parts of Europe, the custom appeared to remove the Torah scrolls from the ark and sing the hymn. Already in the 16th century, many synagogues could dance during Simchat Torah.
In modern times, Simchat Torah is considered a holiday of public approval of the Jewish ration. In the Soviet Union, thousands of Jews celebrated the festival on the streets. Dancing in the streets with Torah also became part of the ritual in various Jewish communities throughout the United States. In 1996, the Israel Post Office issued a postage stamp in honor of the holiday. Like other Jewish holidays, Simchat Torah will begin at sunset on the previous day. Morning in the synagogue reads from the Deuteronomy and Genesis. During the service, the ark opens and the Torah scrolls are pulled out of it. Children and adults sing with them. At the same time they are holding candles in their hands.
Simchat Torah is a Jewish holiday that celebrates the 22nd day of the month of Tishrei. Here it is a public holiday. But in the USA it is a working day.


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One of the most acclaimed music composer & singer of Indian film Industry Bappi Lahiri recently recorded a Marathi track for acclaimed filmmaker Sanjay Jadhav next Lucky. Bappi Lahiri popularly known as 'Bappi Da' has around 500 films & numerable awards to his credits, in his 45 years long career. Bappi Da has not only composed but sang many popular Bangla & Hindi songs has marked his debut in the Marathi Industry with this fresh track.
The veteran Bappi Lahiri reveals, "I have a very special connect with the Marathi film industry & its artistes. I started my Bollywood career in 70's. But my claim to fame was Sunil Dutt and Asha Parekh starrer Raja Thakur's film Zakhmi (1975). Raja Thakur was Maharashtrian filmmaker. Since then I wanted to explore myself in Marathi films. But I only got a chance to compose music for one Marathi film 'Dokyala Taap Nahi' way back in 1990″.
B Live Productions presents in association with Dreaming Twentyfour Seven Entertainment's film Lucky is produced by Sanjay Kukreja, Suraj Singh, and Deepak Pandurang Rane, directed by Sanjay Jadhav, starring Deepti Sati & Abhay Mahajan in lead is slated to release early next year in theatres.


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text:
Tag: DVDs of the Arthur Ransome books
Why not write a review of Swallows and Amazons? Rainy-day home schooling ideas for ages 8 to 15
Find a copy of the Blu-ray of 'Swallows and Amazons' in French – 'Hirondelle et Amazones' – and see if it helps you pick up the language. You could have a go at writing an online review in French, even if it was a short one. There is a French critique you can read here.
2. Watch the DVD of 'Swallows and Amazons Forever!'- the BBC TV adaptation of 'Coot club'and 'The Big Six' and write (or little ones can dictate) an online review – here's a link to the Amazon site. You can read about the children who appeared in the serial, for free, on this website.
Puffin edition of 'Swallows and Amazons'
3. Log on to Goodreads and write reviews of any Arthur Ransome books you have read. You could also post your review on other online sites such as Amazon.
4. Watch the DVD of 'Swallows and Amazons' (2016) and write an online review – here's a link to the Amazon site. Into Film run weekly and monthly competitions.
5. You may be familiar with the DVD of 'Swallows and Amazons' (1974). You can write an online review or send one to Into Film, as above. Here's a link to the remastered 40th Anniversary edition with DVD Extras on the Amazon site.
6. You can read about how this film was made on location in the Lake District in 'The Making of Swallows and Amazons' – do send in a reader's photo.
It is available as an ebook under the title 'The Secrets of Filming Swallows and Amazons' for £2.99 You can read the first pages for free on the preview.
7. If you are interested in filmography or eager to understand the behind-the-scenes workings of a film set, you can compare the making of Swallows and Amazons (1974) as detailed in 'The Secrets of Filming Swallows and Amazons' with the making of the 2016 movie, which has a DVD Extras package. See if you can identify technical aspects of film-making have evolved over the last 40 years, such as CGI and the use of green screens.
Do think of joining The Arthur Ransome Society. You could submit a book or film review for publication in one of their magazines. They run competitions and offer grants for young people keen on taking part in activities that would be dear to Arthur Ransome's heart from learning to sail to story-telling.
Author Sophie NevillePosted on March 25, 2020 March 25, 2020 Categories Arthur Ransome, boating, British Film, family Entertainment, Family Film, Movie, Movie stories, sailing film, Swallows & Amazons, Swallows and Amazons, Uncategorized, Vintage FilmTags arthur ransome, Best DVD of Coot Club and The Big Six titled 'Swallows and Amazons Forever!', Best DVD of Swallows and Amazons 1974, DVDs of the Arthur Ransome books, Filmmaking, swallows and amazons, Swallows and Amazons home schooling ideas2 Comments on Why not write a review of Swallows and Amazons? Rainy-day home schooling ideas for ages 8 to 15


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text:
SCHEDULE 22E+WIndividual voluntary arrangement
Annulment of bankruptcy on making of voluntary arrangementE+W
1The following shall be substituted for section 261 of the Insolvency Act 1986 (effect of voluntary arrangement: undischarged bankrupt)—
"261 Additional effect on undischarged bankrupt
(1)This section applies where—
(a)the creditors' meeting summoned under section 257 approves the proposed voluntary arrangement (with or without modifications), and
(b)the debtor is an undischarged bankrupt.
(2)Where this section applies the court shall annul the bankruptcy order on an application made—
(a)by the bankrupt, or
(b)where the bankrupt has not made an application within the prescribed period, by the official receiver.
(3)An application under subsection (2) may not be made—
(a)during the period specified in section 262(3)(a) during which the decision of the creditors' meeting can be challenged by application under section 262,
(b)while an application under that section is pending, or
(c)while an appeal in respect of an application under that section is pending or may be brought.
(4)Where this section applies the court may give such directions about the conduct of the bankruptcy and the administration of the bankrupt's estate as it thinks appropriate for facilitating the implementation of the approved voluntary arrangement."
Fast-track for making voluntary arrangementE+W
2The following shall be inserted after section 263 of that Act (implementation of voluntary arrangement)—
E+W
"Fast-track voluntary arrangement
263A Availability
Section 263B applies where an individual debtor intends to make a proposal to his creditors for a voluntary arrangement and—
(a)the debtor is an undischarged bankrupt,
(b)the official receiver is specified in the proposal as the nominee in relation to the voluntary arrangement, and
(c)no interim order is applied for under section 253.
263B Decision
(1)The debtor may submit to the official receiver—
(a)a document setting out the terms of the voluntary arrangement which the debtor is proposing, and
(b)a statement of his affairs containing such particulars as may be prescribed of his creditors, debts, other liabilities and assets and such other information as may be prescribed.
(2)If the official receiver thinks that the voluntary arrangement proposed has a reasonable prospect of being approved and implemented, he may make arrangements for inviting creditors to decide whether to approve it.
(3)For the purposes of subsection (2) a person is a "creditor" only if—
(a)he is a creditor of the debtor in respect of a bankruptcy debt, and
(b)the official receiver is aware of his claim and his address.
(4)Arrangements made under subsection (2)—
(a)must include the provision to each creditor of a copy of the proposed voluntary arrangement,
(b)must include the provision to each creditor of information about the criteria by reference to which the official receiver will determine whether the creditors approve or reject the proposed voluntary arrangement, and
(c)may not include an opportunity for modifications to the proposed voluntary arrangement to be suggested or made.
(5)Where a debtor submits documents to the official receiver under subsection (1) no application under section 253 for an interim order may be made in respect of the debtor until the official receiver has—
(a)made arrangements as described in subsection (2), or
(b)informed the debtor that he does not intend to make arrangements (whether because he does not think the voluntary arrangement has a reasonable prospect of being approved and implemented or because he declines to act).
263C Result
As soon as is reasonably practicable after the implementation of arrangements under section 263B(2) the official receiver shall report to the court whether the proposed voluntary arrangement has been approved or rejected.
263D Approval of voluntary arrangement
(1)This section applies where the official receiver reports to the court under section 263C that a proposed voluntary arrangement has been approved.
(2)The voluntary arrangement—
(a)takes effect,
(b)binds the debtor, and
(c)binds every person who was entitled to participate in the arrangements made under section 263B(2).
(3)The court shall annul the bankruptcy order in respect of the debtor on an application made by the official receiver.
(a)during the period specified in section 263F(3) during which the voluntary arrangement can be challenged by application under section 263F(2),
(5)The court may give such directions about the conduct of the bankruptcy and the administration of the bankrupt's estate as it thinks appropriate for facilitating the implementation of the approved voluntary arrangement.
(6)The Deeds of Arrangement Act 1914 (c. 47) does not apply to the voluntary arrangement.
(7)A reference in this Act or another enactment to a voluntary arrangement approved under this Part includes a reference to a voluntary arrangement which has effect by virtue of this section.
263E Implementation
Section 263 shall apply to a voluntary arrangement which has effect by virtue of section 263D(2) as it applies to a voluntary arrangement approved by a creditors' meeting.
263F Revocation
(1)The court may make an order revoking a voluntary arrangement which has effect by virtue of section 263D(2) on the ground—
(a)that it unfairly prejudices the interests of a creditor of the debtor, or
(b)that a material irregularity occurred in relation to the arrangements made under section 263B(2).
(2)An order under subsection (1) may be made only on the application of—
(a)the debtor,
(b)a person who was entitled to participate in the arrangements made under section 263B(2),
(c)the trustee of the bankrupt's estate, or
(d)the official receiver.
(3)An application under subsection (2) may not be made after the end of the period of 28 days beginning with the date on which the official receiver makes his report to the court under section 263C.
(4)But a creditor who was not made aware of the arrangements under section 263B(2) at the time when they were made may make an application under subsection (2) during the period of 28 days beginning with the date on which he becomes aware of the voluntary arrangement.
263G Offences
(1)Section 262A shall have effect in relation to obtaining approval to a proposal for a voluntary arrangement under section 263D.
(2)Section 262B shall have effect in relation to a voluntary arrangement which has effect by virtue of section 263D(2) (for which purposes the words "by a creditors' meeting summoned under section 257" shall be disregarded)."
Role of official receiverE+W
3The following shall be inserted after section 389A of that Act (authorisation of nominees and supervisors)—
"389B Official receiver as nominee or supervisor
(1)The official receiver is authorised to act as nominee or supervisor in relation to a voluntary arrangement approved under Part VIII provided that the debtor is an undischarged bankrupt when the arrangement is proposed.
(2)The Secretary of State may by order repeal the proviso in subsection (1).
(a)must be made by statutory instrument, and


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Saving time on this particular part of your beauty routine will even enable you to have additional time to do other things which are significant to you personally, whether they're spending time with your buddies or family, spending a little more in bed every morning, or spending a little more time on additional important regions of your wellbeing and beauty program. In addition to allowing you additional time not needing to be concerned about this part of your beauty regime daily may also allow you to feel less distressed. Decreases in mental pressure levels also present themselves physically, which means you will look more composed, more exquisite and more refreshed.
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Read also Why Your Heels Are Damaging Your Toes!


Investigation or analysis of the cause or nature of a condition, situation, or problem.
In the world of pain, you are trying to determine the cause/nature/disease based upon signs and symptoms. On rare occasion, a pain diagnosis can be life-threatening with what are commonly called "red flag" symptoms. These may include the inability to control your bowel or bladder or severe abdominal pain. These rare issues may be indicative of the life-threatening or life-altering issues such as severe compression of your spinal cord/nerve roots or bleeding from an aortic aneurysm (largest artery).
1. Your diagnosis may be wrong.
Each person's pain experience is unique and each pain professional has a different perspective and set of skills to assess what led to or is causing your pain. Sometimes it is very straightforward like a splinter in a toe or sometimes it is complex like low back pain, which can have many possibilities.
When a symptom such as back pain is evaluated, sometimes a list of possibilities or a "working diagnosis" may be used temporarily to see if the pain resolves based upon the most likely cause and associated treatment. It's kind of like treating an infection with antibiotics without knowing the exact bug or bacteria from a culture. If it works, great (but may need to replenish your gut microbes or flora!). If not, more investigation or another drug is tried next. This trial and error naturally comes from the difficulty in nailing down the exact cause of the pain initially.
Pain is complex. If you are given a diagnosis of knee pain and there is a focus on the imaging finding of an injured meniscus, then you will likely be offered surgery by a surgeon. If you have surgery and you still have the same pain or more, then you must ask the question if you were barking up the right tree. There are other reasons for knee pain that many well-trained physical therapists and other biomechanical experts can assist patients with understanding to possibly relieve their pain (e.g. weakness, laxity or ligament looseness, muscle imbalances, etc.). And the thoughtful surgeons will encourage patients to get specialized physical therapy, but not the therapists who are part of a system that tells you to do three sets of this or that in the corner without education and reassessment. Go for personalized sessions.
Part of the pain journey is deciphering which explanation makes the most sense for your pain and if the suggested approach or treatment is helping or moving in the right direction with the least risk possible. You need a dialogue with a pain professional to determine if you are on the right track.
2. Your diagnosis may only describe your symptom(s).
Many diagnoses such as low back pain, sciatica, headache, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), or fibromyalgia are describing a single symptom or a set of multiple symptoms. The question is again, "Why?" or "Why do I have these symptoms?" It is not uncommon for pain professionals in the traditional medical system to only treat the symptoms of a diagnosis; which does not mean that this is wrong. However, taking pain medication long-term without understanding why the pain is there in the first place is not a wise course of action.
A headache could be due to dehydration, stress, lack of sleep, a medication, withdrawal from caffeine, wearing a tight hat, muscular tension, trauma, or more serious issues such as a brain aneurysm. If you are only told you have a headache as a diagnosis, then it makes it difficult to figure out the appropriate treatment. Again, describing your symptom does not always mean you know the strategy or solution to your pain.
Fibromyalgia or CRPS are unique susceptibilities or sensitivities of the nervous system, but their detailed definitions do not necessarily tell you why the symptoms exist. Just because there is a specific name to those set of symptoms does not mean that there is a specific cure. Yet, those conditions can be improved with a combination of patient and/or pain professional efforts.
Although some conditions are difficult to understand, there should be a valid attempt to try to unveil the root cause of the symptoms. More importantly, if potentially reversible acute pain is not addressed early, then the risk of persistent or chronic pain increases.
3. Your diagnosis may only refer to failed treatments.
When diagnosed with post-laminectomy syndrome or failed back syndrome, this only tells you that the surgery you were given either did not help the pain that was being addressed in the first place or that there were complications or new pain from that surgery. In at least the former, the pain is not explained nor does it give you any direction for possible resolution.
You may need a re-evaluation from a different pain professional to decipher the more likely root cause of the pain. Then a different strategy can be considered.
4. Your diagnosis based on imaging does not tell the whole story.
Many imaging findings reflect wear-and-tear but to the non-medical person the fancy terminology that describes those abnormalities can lead to concern and belief that the findings are the source of the pain. This can be disempowering as if nothing can be done to change the circumstance.
Unless there are significant functional or movement limitations or overt concern for severe damage, most abnormal imaging findings (especially in the low back) are found in many people who have NO pain also. Many patients pursue more aggressive options merely from the perceived importance of abnormalities, especially if endorsed by that pain professional. Asking the pain professional whether it is an emergency is a good place to start. If it is not an emergency, then asking what the other options are is another good question to ask.
Even if the root cause of the pain has not been found or difficult to determine based on the diagnosis you have been given, you can still do certain things with your mind and body that legitimately helps decrease the experience of pain (e.g. good sleep, proper nutrition, quit smoking, quit drinking, drink water, light exercise, decrease stress, cognitive behavioral therapy, etc.) Also, since the body is naturally self-healing, sometimes pain may self-resolve especially if the symptoms continue to get better and better. And if you are not getting better, then find a pain professional that will listen to your story and be equally vested in discovering the root cause of your pain even if that means asking for help from other pain professionals.


On September 23, 2006, the French newspaper L'Est Républicain quoted a report from the French secret service (Direction générale de la sécurité extérieure, DGSE) stating that Osama bin Laden had died in Pakistan on 23 August 2006, after contracting a case of typhoid fever that paralyzed his lower limbs. Saudi security services first heard of bin Laden's death on 4 September 2006.
The Osama death was reported by the Saudi Arabian secret service to its government, which in turn quickly reported it to the French secret service. It is to be noted, however, that since his death, bin Ladin has released a number of tape recorded interviews that somehow seemed to have strongly supported the Bush administration's continued terrorization of the American public. These tapes had been made by a CIA-owned firm in Texas.
Any educated Arabic person will tell you that while the language is technically correct, it is badly flawed in that no Arab would use such phrases in his speech. This is not particularly surprising because the CIA is not known for either its intelligence, subtlety or creative ability.
Osama bin Laden, a Saudi, was employed by the CIA to organize and combat Russian military units in Afghanistan. When that conflict was ended, bin Laden began to attack American interests and was then the subject of CIA displeasure. They did use his faked image to release what they considered timely warnings about pending attacks. The purpose of this was to generate concern in Washington and permit the CIA to get more needed money and influence.
The Saudis, in collaboration with American intelligence units, have been directly responsible for more destruction and deaths that the armies of Genghis Kahn.


text:
Sediment input to lee-side coastal foredunes: preliminary description of frequency and magnitude of potential transport events at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland
Irene Delgado-Fernandez, Derek Jackson, Andrew Cooper, Kevin Lynch, Andreas Baas, Meiring Beyers
Calculations of aeolian sediment input to coastal foredunes are essential for sediment budget calculations and prediction of foredune evolution, as well as many practical applications such dune rehabilitation and coastal restoration. However, predictions of aeolian sediment transport at a scale of weeks to months are tenuous which poses major difficulties in the building of appropriate frameworks for decision-making. Deterministic models of instantaneous sand transport are often combined with wind speed and direction collected from meteorological stations to calculate sand transport into the dunes, often providing quantities that disagree with observed values of deposition by several orders of magnitude. These types of discrepancies are one of the most recurrent questions in aeolian coastal research and preclude communication between scientists and managers. Recent findings at Greenwich Dunes, Canada, suggest that the majority of sediment input to coastal foredunes is driven by a few wind events of medium frequency and magnitude. Key factors such as onshore winds over a minimum threshold for sand movement, fetch distance, moisture, and snow-ice cover regulate the frequency and magnitude of significant transport events. This site is representative of coastal areas with a predominant onshore wind regime, medium grain size, and relatively low, rounded dune crests. Research carried out at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland, suggests that key factors such as flow reversal under offshore wind conditions may play a primary role when tall-sharp dune crests and fine grain sizes are present. Furthermore, under particular conditions, post-storm recovery of a wave-scarped foredune may completely rely on reversed flows returning sediment to the dune toe. This work summarises key aspects of offshore wind events that could be used for long-term prediction and explores the potential to calculate medium-term (weeks to months) aeolian sediment input to Magilligan dunes. This site has recently been the subject of detailed, short-term field and model airflow investigations to characterise offshore flow events and contains extensive records of a wind, sediment transport and topographic data over a number of time periods from September 2009 to April 2010. To supplement these data, hourly values of wind speed and direction, precipitation and temperature were also captured from an established coastal weather station located 1 km from the field site. Short-term experiments involving the location of anemometers at heights of 0.5 m over the beach surface aided in the determination of a minimum wind threshold for dry sand under which no sediment movement is likely to occur. This wind threshold was correlated with wind speed at the dune crest for a range of wind directions, which allowed isolation of potential transport periods associated both with onshore and offshore wind events. Tidal range was used as a proxy of beach width and fetch distance was calculated from wind direction and beach width for wind events with an onshore component. A simple procedure involving Bagnold's formula and underlying knowledge about the role played by onshore events was used to quantitatively predict sand input to the dunes. This was compared with sand accumulated over the same time period, by using two topographic surveys carried out with DGPS at the beginning (September 2009) and end (April 2010) of the study. Preliminary results suggest that while onshore storms have very small probabilities of resulting in sediment input to the foredunes because of beach inundation and storm surge, strong offshore wind storms deliver significant quantities of sediment to the dunes in lee-side coast areas, especially when local sediment grain size is small.
European Geosciences Union General Assembly - Vienna, Austria
Duration: 3 Apr 2011 → 8 Apr 2011
European Geosciences Union General Assembly
http://meetings.copernicus.org/egu2011/home.html
Dive into the research topics of 'Sediment input to lee-side coastal foredunes: preliminary description of frequency and magnitude of potential transport events at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
dune Earth & Environmental Sciences 100%
wind direction Earth & Environmental Sciences 40%
sand Earth & Environmental Sciences 39%
beach Earth & Environmental Sciences 35%
fetch Earth & Environmental Sciences 26%
grain size Earth & Environmental Sciences 25%
wind velocity Earth & Environmental Sciences 24%
Delgado-Fernandez, I., Jackson, D., Cooper, A., Lynch, K., Baas, A., & Beyers, M. (2011). Sediment input to lee-side coastal foredunes: preliminary description of frequency and magnitude of potential transport events at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland. Poster session presented at European Geosciences Union General Assembly, Vienna, Austria.
Delgado-Fernandez, Irene ; Jackson, Derek ; Cooper, Andrew ; Lynch, Kevin ; Baas, Andreas ; Beyers, Meiring. / Sediment input to lee-side coastal foredunes: preliminary description of frequency and magnitude of potential transport events at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland. Poster session presented at European Geosciences Union General Assembly, Vienna, Austria.
@conference{f35909e1ef1b4c19a62171b756305eed,
title = "Sediment input to lee-side coastal foredunes: preliminary description of frequency and magnitude of potential transport events at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland",
abstract = "Calculations of aeolian sediment input to coastal foredunes are essential for sediment budget calculations and prediction of foredune evolution, as well as many practical applications such dune rehabilitation and coastal restoration. However, predictions of aeolian sediment transport at a scale of weeks to months are tenuous which poses major difficulties in the building of appropriate frameworks for decision-making. Deterministic models of instantaneous sand transport are often combined with wind speed and direction collected from meteorological stations to calculate sand transport into the dunes, often providing quantities that disagree with observed values of deposition by several orders of magnitude. These types of discrepancies are one of the most recurrent questions in aeolian coastal research and preclude communication between scientists and managers. Recent findings at Greenwich Dunes, Canada, suggest that the majority of sediment input to coastal foredunes is driven by a few wind events of medium frequency and magnitude. Key factors such as onshore winds over a minimum threshold for sand movement, fetch distance, moisture, and snow-ice cover regulate the frequency and magnitude of significant transport events. This site is representative of coastal areas with a predominant onshore wind regime, medium grain size, and relatively low, rounded dune crests. Research carried out at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland, suggests that key factors such as flow reversal under offshore wind conditions may play a primary role when tall-sharp dune crests and fine grain sizes are present. Furthermore, under particular conditions, post-storm recovery of a wave-scarped foredune may completely rely on reversed flows returning sediment to the dune toe. This work summarises key aspects of offshore wind events that could be used for long-term prediction and explores the potential to calculate medium-term (weeks to months) aeolian sediment input to Magilligan dunes. This site has recently been the subject of detailed, short-term field and model airflow investigations to characterise offshore flow events and contains extensive records of a wind, sediment transport and topographic data over a number of time periods from September 2009 to April 2010. To supplement these data, hourly values of wind speed and direction, precipitation and temperature were also captured from an established coastal weather station located 1 km from the field site. Short-term experiments involving the location of anemometers at heights of 0.5 m over the beach surface aided in the determination of a minimum wind threshold for dry sand under which no sediment movement is likely to occur. This wind threshold was correlated with wind speed at the dune crest for a range of wind directions, which allowed isolation of potential transport periods associated both with onshore and offshore wind events. Tidal range was used as a proxy of beach width and fetch distance was calculated from wind direction and beach width for wind events with an onshore component. A simple procedure involving Bagnold{\textquoteright}s formula and underlying knowledge about the role played by onshore events was used to quantitatively predict sand input to the dunes. This was compared with sand accumulated over the same time period, by using two topographic surveys carried out with DGPS at the beginning (September 2009) and end (April 2010) of the study. Preliminary results suggest that while onshore storms have very small probabilities of resulting in sediment input to the foredunes because of beach inundation and storm surge, strong offshore wind storms deliver significant quantities of sediment to the dunes in lee-side coast areas, especially when local sediment grain size is small.",
author = "Irene Delgado-Fernandez and Derek Jackson and Andrew Cooper and Kevin Lynch and Andreas Baas and Meiring Beyers",
note = "European Geosciences Union General Assembly ; Conference date: 03-04-2011 Through 08-04-2011",
Delgado-Fernandez, I, Jackson, D, Cooper, A, Lynch, K, Baas, A & Beyers, M 2011, 'Sediment input to lee-side coastal foredunes: preliminary description of frequency and magnitude of potential transport events at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland', European Geosciences Union General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, 3/04/11 - 8/04/11.
Sediment input to lee-side coastal foredunes: preliminary description of frequency and magnitude of potential transport events at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland. / Delgado-Fernandez, Irene; Jackson, Derek; Cooper, Andrew; Lynch, Kevin; Baas, Andreas; Beyers, Meiring.
2011. Poster session presented at European Geosciences Union General Assembly, Vienna, Austria.
T1 - Sediment input to lee-side coastal foredunes: preliminary description of frequency and magnitude of potential transport events at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland
AU - Delgado-Fernandez, Irene
AU - Lynch, Kevin
AU - Baas, Andreas
AU - Beyers, Meiring
N2 - Calculations of aeolian sediment input to coastal foredunes are essential for sediment budget calculations and prediction of foredune evolution, as well as many practical applications such dune rehabilitation and coastal restoration. However, predictions of aeolian sediment transport at a scale of weeks to months are tenuous which poses major difficulties in the building of appropriate frameworks for decision-making. Deterministic models of instantaneous sand transport are often combined with wind speed and direction collected from meteorological stations to calculate sand transport into the dunes, often providing quantities that disagree with observed values of deposition by several orders of magnitude. These types of discrepancies are one of the most recurrent questions in aeolian coastal research and preclude communication between scientists and managers. Recent findings at Greenwich Dunes, Canada, suggest that the majority of sediment input to coastal foredunes is driven by a few wind events of medium frequency and magnitude. Key factors such as onshore winds over a minimum threshold for sand movement, fetch distance, moisture, and snow-ice cover regulate the frequency and magnitude of significant transport events. This site is representative of coastal areas with a predominant onshore wind regime, medium grain size, and relatively low, rounded dune crests. Research carried out at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland, suggests that key factors such as flow reversal under offshore wind conditions may play a primary role when tall-sharp dune crests and fine grain sizes are present. Furthermore, under particular conditions, post-storm recovery of a wave-scarped foredune may completely rely on reversed flows returning sediment to the dune toe. This work summarises key aspects of offshore wind events that could be used for long-term prediction and explores the potential to calculate medium-term (weeks to months) aeolian sediment input to Magilligan dunes. This site has recently been the subject of detailed, short-term field and model airflow investigations to characterise offshore flow events and contains extensive records of a wind, sediment transport and topographic data over a number of time periods from September 2009 to April 2010. To supplement these data, hourly values of wind speed and direction, precipitation and temperature were also captured from an established coastal weather station located 1 km from the field site. Short-term experiments involving the location of anemometers at heights of 0.5 m over the beach surface aided in the determination of a minimum wind threshold for dry sand under which no sediment movement is likely to occur. This wind threshold was correlated with wind speed at the dune crest for a range of wind directions, which allowed isolation of potential transport periods associated both with onshore and offshore wind events. Tidal range was used as a proxy of beach width and fetch distance was calculated from wind direction and beach width for wind events with an onshore component. A simple procedure involving Bagnold's formula and underlying knowledge about the role played by onshore events was used to quantitatively predict sand input to the dunes. This was compared with sand accumulated over the same time period, by using two topographic surveys carried out with DGPS at the beginning (September 2009) and end (April 2010) of the study. Preliminary results suggest that while onshore storms have very small probabilities of resulting in sediment input to the foredunes because of beach inundation and storm surge, strong offshore wind storms deliver significant quantities of sediment to the dunes in lee-side coast areas, especially when local sediment grain size is small.
AB - Calculations of aeolian sediment input to coastal foredunes are essential for sediment budget calculations and prediction of foredune evolution, as well as many practical applications such dune rehabilitation and coastal restoration. However, predictions of aeolian sediment transport at a scale of weeks to months are tenuous which poses major difficulties in the building of appropriate frameworks for decision-making. Deterministic models of instantaneous sand transport are often combined with wind speed and direction collected from meteorological stations to calculate sand transport into the dunes, often providing quantities that disagree with observed values of deposition by several orders of magnitude. These types of discrepancies are one of the most recurrent questions in aeolian coastal research and preclude communication between scientists and managers. Recent findings at Greenwich Dunes, Canada, suggest that the majority of sediment input to coastal foredunes is driven by a few wind events of medium frequency and magnitude. Key factors such as onshore winds over a minimum threshold for sand movement, fetch distance, moisture, and snow-ice cover regulate the frequency and magnitude of significant transport events. This site is representative of coastal areas with a predominant onshore wind regime, medium grain size, and relatively low, rounded dune crests. Research carried out at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland, suggests that key factors such as flow reversal under offshore wind conditions may play a primary role when tall-sharp dune crests and fine grain sizes are present. Furthermore, under particular conditions, post-storm recovery of a wave-scarped foredune may completely rely on reversed flows returning sediment to the dune toe. This work summarises key aspects of offshore wind events that could be used for long-term prediction and explores the potential to calculate medium-term (weeks to months) aeolian sediment input to Magilligan dunes. This site has recently been the subject of detailed, short-term field and model airflow investigations to characterise offshore flow events and contains extensive records of a wind, sediment transport and topographic data over a number of time periods from September 2009 to April 2010. To supplement these data, hourly values of wind speed and direction, precipitation and temperature were also captured from an established coastal weather station located 1 km from the field site. Short-term experiments involving the location of anemometers at heights of 0.5 m over the beach surface aided in the determination of a minimum wind threshold for dry sand under which no sediment movement is likely to occur. This wind threshold was correlated with wind speed at the dune crest for a range of wind directions, which allowed isolation of potential transport periods associated both with onshore and offshore wind events. Tidal range was used as a proxy of beach width and fetch distance was calculated from wind direction and beach width for wind events with an onshore component. A simple procedure involving Bagnold's formula and underlying knowledge about the role played by onshore events was used to quantitatively predict sand input to the dunes. This was compared with sand accumulated over the same time period, by using two topographic surveys carried out with DGPS at the beginning (September 2009) and end (April 2010) of the study. Preliminary results suggest that while onshore storms have very small probabilities of resulting in sediment input to the foredunes because of beach inundation and storm surge, strong offshore wind storms deliver significant quantities of sediment to the dunes in lee-side coast areas, especially when local sediment grain size is small.
UR - http://meetings.copernicus.org/egu2011/home.html
T2 - European Geosciences Union General Assembly
Y2 - 3 April 2011 through 8 April 2011
Delgado-Fernandez I, Jackson D, Cooper A, Lynch K, Baas A, Beyers M. Sediment input to lee-side coastal foredunes: preliminary description of frequency and magnitude of potential transport events at Magilligan Strand, Northern Ireland. 2011. Poster session presented at European Geosciences Union General Assembly, Vienna, Austria.


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Dive teams suspend search for 5-year-old boy in Androscoggin RIver
Brother, 9 rescued; in critical condition at hospital
WEBVTT THE SCENE OF THE LATE -- WITH THE LATEST. JOE: POLICE JUST UPDATING THE STATUS OF THE SEARCH A FEW MINUTES AGO. THEY ARE TELLING US THAT THEY ARE STARTING TO CONCLUDE THOSE OPERATIONS TODAY. THEY HAD BEEN STAGED JUST BEHIND US HERE IN AUBURN RIGHT ALIGNED AND JUST GOT A RIVER WHERE THEY SAY THE TWO BROTHERS FELL INTO THE WATER LAST NIGHT. POLICE JUST TELLING US THAT DIVE TEAMS ARE STARTING TO WRAP THINGS UP AND THE LAND SEARCH IN THIS AREA IS OVER. THEY WILL RESUME THAT SEARCH TOMORROW MORNING BUT IT WILL BE FOCUSED SOLELY ON THOSE DIVE TEAMS, THERE WILL NOT BE A STAGING AREA OF THIS KIND, BUT THEY ARE HOPING THAT SOME RAW THEY WILL BE DEALING WITH MORE IDEAL WEATHER CONDITIONS AS THEY SEARCH FOR THAT MISSING FIVE-YEAR-OLD BOY. AS WE KNOW RIGHT NOW OUR FIVE OR OLDER STILL MISSING. JOE: THEY BEGIN THEIR SEARCH IN THE EARLY HOURS OF WEDNESDAY MORNING. >> SO FAR, FROM LAST NIGHT, TWO BOYS WERE DOWN BY THE RIVER. A FIVE-YEAR-OLD FELL INTO THE RIVER. HIS BROTHER WENT IN TO TRY TO SAVE HIM. THEIR EIGHT-YEAR-OLD SISTER TRIED TO GO IN TO SAVE THEM AND WAS ABLE -- UNABLE TO. THEIR FATHER HOPTON TO TRY TO SAVE THE BOYS AND ONE ON -- AND WAS UNABLE TO. JOE: THE TWO BROTHERS WERE SWEPT AWAY BY THE VIOLENT CURRENT. FIRE CREWS WERE UNABLE TO GET TO THE BOYS. THE BOY WAS MY FRIDAY TO MAINE MEDICAL CENTER WERE HIS PARENTS OR BY HIS SIDE. LAST REPORTED IN CRITICAL CONDITION. >> RIVER CONDITIONS ARE VERY DANGEROUS. IT IS A BAD TIME OF YEAR TO CONDUCT ANY RIVER OPERATION DUE TO HIGH WATER AND THE CURRENT THAT IS FLOWING THROUGH. WE WOULD ASK AS THE GENERAL PUBLIC TO STAY CLOSE. JOE: POLICE URGING EVERYONE TO STAY AWAY FROM THE RIVER. >> PLEASE STAY AWAY FROM THEM RIVER. WE HAVE TRAINED PERSONNEL CONTENT -- CONDUCTING THE SEARCHES. WE DON'T NEED SOMEONE TO TRY TO LEND A HAND BECAUSE THAT WILL BE MORE DANGEROUS. JOE: ONCE AGAIN, POLICE TELLING US THAT THAT SEARCHES STARTING TO CONCLUDE FOR THE EVENING AMID THE TERRIBLE WEATHER CONDITIONS WHEN IT COMES TO THAT SEARCH. POLICE ALSO SAYING THAT THERE HAS BEEN NO CHANGE TO THE STATUS OF THAT NINE-YEAR-OLD BROTHER WHO IS BEING TREATED AT MAINE MEDICAL CENTER IN PORTLAND. IT REMAINS IN CRITICAL -- HE REMAINS IN CRITICAL CONDITION. THE FAMILY AT THE HOSPITAL AS THAT BOY IS BEING TREATED. IT WILL RESUME TOMORROW MORNING WITH DIVE TEAMS ALONG THE RIVER FOR THE TIME BEING
The water and underwater search for a 5-year-old boy who fell into the Androscoggin River in Auburn earlier this week has ended without the finding of his body, police announced Friday.Search teams had combed several miles of both the shoreline and the water looking for the boy who disappeared around 7 p.m. Tuesday. Dive teams had exhausted their search Friday, Deputy Chief Jason Moen said in a statement, adding their search operations had concluded. The Maine Warden Service would control its patrols, weather permitting, Moen said.Police said the missing boy's 9-year-old brother was pulled from the river Tuesday night.He was taken by helicopter to Maine Medical Center in Portland, where he was in stable condition Friday, police said.Police said the boy's parents were with him at the hospital Tuesday night.Police said they believe the 5-year-old boy went into the water first and the 9-year-old went after in an attempt to rescue him.Police said the children's father and their 8-year-old sister tried to rescue them.Police did not identify the boys, but said they live on Main Street in Auburn.Officials had asked the public to stay away from the river and not to search on their own because of the river's dangerous conditions.Police said they would no longer be giving regular updates on the search.
AUBURN, Maine —
The water and underwater search for a 5-year-old boy who fell into the Androscoggin River in Auburn earlier this week has ended without the finding of his body, police announced Friday.
Search teams had combed several miles of both the shoreline and the water looking for the boy who disappeared around 7 p.m. Tuesday.
Dive teams had exhausted their search Friday, Deputy Chief Jason Moen said in a statement, adding their search operations had concluded. The Maine Warden Service would control its patrols, weather permitting, Moen said.
Police said the missing boy's 9-year-old brother was pulled from the river Tuesday night.
He was taken by helicopter to Maine Medical Center in Portland, where he was in stable condition Friday, police said.
Police said the boy's parents were with him at the hospital Tuesday night.
Police said they believe the 5-year-old boy went into the water first and the 9-year-old went after in an attempt to rescue him.
Police said the children's father and their 8-year-old sister tried to rescue them.
Police did not identify the boys, but said they live on Main Street in Auburn.
Officials had asked the public to stay away from the river and not to search on their own because of the river's dangerous conditions.
Police said they would no longer be giving regular updates on the search.
WMTW News 8 Portland
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Salzburg is one of the most beautiful ancient cities in Austria. Its historic center still retains its medieval character and visitors can admire numerous Romanesque, Gothic and Baroque architectural treasures, both ecclesiastical and secular in nature. The historic core of the city was registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996.
Settlement of contemporary Salzburg dates back to the stone age. Celts started mining salt from the 6th century BC in nearby mines. They traded it within a large part of Europe. The Romans named the city Juvavum, the divine abode of heaven. It became an important center of the Roman province of Noricum and an important point on the way to Germania. The Archbishopric was founded here in the late 8th century, at the behest of the Frankish ruler Charlemagne, and is the oldest still existing dioceses in the German-speaking countries.
salzburg-map-thThe most important figure of Salzburg is the composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. He was born here in 1756 and stayed working and composing in Salzburg until 1781, when he moved to the imperial capital of Vienna. The name of this renowned artist also carried by the local delicacy called Mozartkugeln, which is still being handmade according to the original recipe.
Salzburg is surrounded by the high peaks of the Alps that give the city its unique romantic character. You will have the opportunity to spend some unforgettable time under the peaks of the Low Tauern.