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The European Witch Hunts: A Mass Murder of Women?
It is generally accepted that the European witch hunts took place between the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries, with the 'craze' reaching its peak during the seventeenth century. Anne Llewellyn Barstow has controversially referred to the trials as a 'mass murder of women', while Thea Jensen, even more controversially, dubbed them a 'holocaust of women'. This was in part due to the burning of prosecuted witches on the European continent (though witches were hanged in England), and to what Jensen and other feminist scholars have considered a deliberate targeting of women, particularly women healers, for witchcraft prosecution. Other historians, such as Dianne Purkiss, have been highly critical of this rhetoric, considering it to have established a 'myth of the burning times'. During this period in Europe, around 80 percent of those accused of witchcraft were women, and in England this figure stood at around 90 percent. Proportions of accused women were similarly high in New England, where between 1620 and 1755, 78 percent of witches accused (of whose sex is known) were women. However, the fact remains that women were disproportionately subject to witchcraft prosecutions during this period. Surprisingly few historians have offered any in depth analysis of gender as a factor in the trials, focusing instead on religious or socio-economic factors. This article will consider some of the popular theories posited by historians on why women were so disproportionately accused and prosecuted as witches.
The female healer versus the male physician
Barbara Ehrenreich and Deidre English are proponents of the theory that women healers, perceived as a threat by male physicians and medical practitioners, were specifically targeted for witchcraft accusations in order to remove competition from the medical market. Ehrenreich and English's work was published during the second wave of feminism in the United States, a point they have addressed in the preface to the most recent edition of their work:
"By the early 1970s feminists were becoming aware of a variety of wars women were abused or treated unjustly by the medical system. As healthcare professionals, women were largely confined to subordinate roles as nurses and aides. As consumers of care, we found ourselves subject to both insensitive and hazardous treatment: unnecessary hysterectomies, over-medicated childbirth, insufficiently tested contraceptives, involuntary sterilizations, and the almost universal condescension of male doctors."
Incensed by modern day inequalities in both the role of women in the medical profession and their treatment by, mainly male, medical professionals, Ehrenreich and English developed their thesis. It is clear that the authors translated this anger to the early modern setting, envisaging these same inequalities and viewing early modern women as the original victims of a patriarchal system designed to undermine women in a number of ways, but most pertinently in the medical setting. They 'traced their [modern day] power struggle' back to the nineteenth, and even further into the sixteenth centuries where women were deliberately removed from their positions of power as healers and excluded from the new and ever-growing medical profession, namely through their exclusion from universities in which they could train in medicine. It was and continues to be a compelling, radical, and overall contentious theory, inspiring what some historians have deemed 'myths' of the witch-healer and contributing to the 'myth of the burning times' as a whole.
So, what about the evidence for Ehrenreich and English's theory that women were removed from their position of power as healers by men? As Dianne Purkiss has highlighted, there is very little evidence that most of those accused were local healers or wise-women. The nature of court records often disguises the occupations of women, particularly of those who were married, and so the assertion that most of those women accused were healers is difficult if not impossible to prove. This theory also does not explain why men who were also in competition with physicians, such as male healers or barber-surgeons were not equally subjected to witchcraft accusations. Moreover, in court records we find that women were often accused by other women; therefore, if women were accused on the basis of their competition with male medical practitioners, why were women not more often accused by men? Purkiss also makes an important point that midwives were often tasked by the courts with searching for 'Devil's marks' – considered to be the teats on which the devil or his demons sucked on the witch's blood – on accused witches, their expertise in the matter meaning they were colluders with accusers rather than their victims. Ehrenreich and English also claim that physicians authored works on witchcraft, but so too did clergy – even James I himself authored a work on demonology. The assumption underpinning Ehrenreich and English's thesis, that women were targeted specifically as healers, and that their persecution as such was a means of removing women from healing practice, relies on a set of assumptions for which there is little or very weak evidence. It remains to be seen whether historians will be able to find source material to emphatically confirm or deny the assertion.
Woman versus Man
Historians who suggest that ideas about women's sexual propriety were central to the disproportionate targeting of women as witches often use a fifteenth century work the Malleus Maleficarum, or Hammer of Witches, authored by a Catholic clergyman Heinrich Kramer. The text contains incredibly misogynistic overtones, which is why it has been oft-cited by some feminist historians who seek to create a narrative of 'women-hunting'. Moreover, the text itself directly addresses the question of why women were more likely, in the contemporary view, to be witches. Kramer claims that women were more carnal beings than their male counterparts, with an insatiable lust. Sigrid Brauner has interpreted the theory underpinning the Malleus as essentially dualistic, in which the Devil is the antithesis of God and woman the antithesis of man. The theories of the Malleus are not entirely new; Aristotle famously theorised that women were imperfect or 'mutilated males'. Aristotle considered women as deviations from the norm (men) and the product of imperfect incubation, their humoral composition, being cold and wet rather than the hot and dry of the male, meaning that they were not able to reach the perfection achieved by men. Galen echoed Aristotle's views, considering women's internal reproductive organs as evidence of their humoral disposition and therefore their imperfection. Misogynistic theories about the imperfection of women continued into the early modern period and are exemplified in anatomical treatises which present the female uterus as an inverted penis, famously depicted in Andreas Vesalius' De Fabrica and reproduced in countless other works. The depiction plays into already established ideas during the period of woman as the inverted male, in much the same way as women are presented in Kramer's Malleus.
The Malleus itself is certainly not lacking in material to support the assertion that Kramer himself was a misogynist, exemplified by the excerpt below, just one of many that seek to paint women as inherently more sinful and infinitely more susceptible to seduction by the Devil:
"What else is woman but a foe to friendship, an unescapable punishment, a necessary evil, a natural temptation, a desirable calamity, a domestic danger, a delectable detriment, an evil of nature, painted with fair colours! Therefore if it be a sin to divorce her when she ought to be kept, it is indeed a necessary torture; for either we commit adultery by divorcing her, or we must endure daily strife."
Kramer's assertion that women are 'natural temptations' is particularly revealing and this passage suggests that, as well as those arguments made elsewhere in the text that women are inherently more susceptible to sin, they were also dangerous to men. This passage exemplifies Kramer's paranoiac fear of female sexuality. These fears may be grounded in genuine concerns about paternity during this period; as Caroline Bicks explains, midwives played a particularly significant role in this period because they were able to confirm or deny paternity. Ironically, the central role of midwives in this instance casts further doubt on Ehrenreich and English's theories. However, the influence of the Malleus has been contested by historians such as James Sharpe who are especially sceptical about the influence a Catholic work would have had on Protestant thinking. Furthermore, Keith Thomas has pointed out that many of the explicit sexual ideas present in the Malleus are lacking in English witch trials, indicating that Sharpe's argument bears some credence. On the other hand, Darren Oldridge argues that the content of the Malleus is reflected in contemporary jestbooks, indicating that misogynistic ideas such as those contained in the Malleus could have been widespread. It is certainly the case that misogynistic tropes were prevalent in elite works such as the Malleus as well as anatomical treatises, but this theory requires stronger evidence to justify any assertion that works such as Kramer's were highly influential or provided a comprehensive rationale for the targeting of women as witches.
Women versus Poor women and widows
The idea of the European witch trials as a 'mass murder' of women has been refuted by Keith Thomas, who disagrees on the basis that witchcraft did not affect all women. Demographic studies show that the women accused were overwhelmingly poor or widowed women, leading to Thomas's comment that those accused were 'usually poor and usually women'. He hypothesises that poor women were often accused for taking food from their neighbours, supported by the fact that women would often accuse their own neighbours of witchcraft. However, Thomas neglects to take the argument further to explain why it should be a woman rather than a man that should have to seek food, and therefore why women would be at greater vulnerability of witchcraft accusations. Anne Llewellyn Barstow and Marianne Hester attempt to explain this by arguing that women were economically marginalised. During times of economic hardship, women would be pushed out of employment, presumably in order to preserve jobs for men, and were frequently excluded from guilds. Women were also unable to learn a craft because the time required directly conflicted with domestic duties. Furthermore, during the development of the capitalist economy as well as the spread of enclosures, women lost the ability to make an income through maintaining their own dairies and gardens. The result was a higher propensity toward poverty for women rather than men, or what Hester terms 'a feminisation of poverty', and thus more women had to resort to seeking neighbours' assistance and were accused as a result. Lyndal Roper has also argued that early capitalism brought with it a sense of guilt, particularly for Protestants, in terms of wealth and money lending. According to the theories of Alan Macfarlane, Michael D. Bailey, John Demos and Brian P. Levack, these feelings of internalised guilt could then be projected onto the witch.
Explanations for accusations toward widowed women also centre on economic factors. Barstow, for example, argues that widowed women were targeted because of the greater economic opportunities afforded to them, such as the ability to inherit property and defend their own interests in court. Barstow uses the low rate of remarriage, despite men being in need of wives during this period, as evidence for the fact that women could enjoy greater freedoms if they remained unmarried. Widowed women were therefore acting outside of the usual social structure, in which women were controlled by their husband or father. It was because these women were not only living but thriving on the fringes of society that, it is argued, they became targets for witchcraft accusations. These women had effectively subsumed male roles, and the association of the witch with the inversion of gender hierarchy is evident in popular culture, for example in Shakespeare's Macbeth, where the witches are given male attributes. Evidence of the high proportion of accusations made to the unmarried can be seen in Brian P. Levack's study on European witchcraft, which reveals that unmarried women outnumbered those married among the accused in a number of European regions. This did not just include widows, but also younger unmarried women, who in remaining unmarried were 'anomalous'. It was therefore women who were acting, at least partially, outside of the confines of society and the patriarchal hierarchy that were targeted. So, whilst not all women were the target of accusations, it can be argued that 'anomalous' women were, especially where material gain was to be made through the acquisition of a wealthy widow's property.
Of the several theories posited by historians (which are by no means all presented in this article) regarding the fact that more women were accused of witchcraft than men, none are truly convincing. In part, this is due to lack of evidence, particularly on the motives of those who accused others of witchcraft, and the subsequent need to speculate about what these motives may have been. We also find that some historians construct their theories in response to modern day concerns, in the case of Ehrenreich and English for example, meaning that in some cases the early modern context is lost. It remains to be seen whether more evidence can be found for a solid theory about why women were the largest proportion of victims during the witch hunts.
Written by Enya Holland
Bailey, Michael D. Battling Demons: Witchcraft, Heresy and Reform in the late Middle Ages. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1971.
Daly, Mary. Gyn/Ecology. Boston: The Women's Press, 1990.
Demos, John. Entertaining Satan: Witchcraft and the Culture of Early New England. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1982.
Ehrenreich, Barbara and English, Deidre. For Her Own Good: Two Centuries of the Experts' Advice to Women. New York: Anchor Books, 2005.
Ewen, C. L'Estrange. Witchcraft and Demonianism. London: Heath Cranton Limited, 1933.
Hester, Marianne. "Partriarchal Reconstruction and Witch-Hunting," in The Witchcraft Reader, edited by Darren Oldridge. London: Routledge, 2008.
Holmes, Clive. "Women: Witches and Witnesses," in The Witchcraft Reader edited by Darren Oldridge. London: Routledge, 2008.
Karlsen, Carol F. The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in Colonial New England. New York: W.W. Norton and Company, 1987.
Levack, Brian P. The Witch-Hunt in Early Modern Europe. Harlow: Pearson Education, 1995.
Macfarlane, Alan. Witchcraft in Tudor and Stuart England: A Regional and Comparative Study. London: Routledge, 1970.
Monter, E. William. Witchcraft in France and Switzerland: The Borderlands During the Reformation. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1976.
Oldridge, Darren. The Witchcraft Reader. London: Routledge, 2008.
Purkiss, Dianne. The Witch in History: Early Modern and Twentieth Century Representations. London: Routledge, 1996.
Roper, Lyndal. Oedipus and the Devil. London: Routledge, 1994.
Sharpe, James. Instruments of Darkness. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1997.
Sluhovsky, Moshe. "The Devil in the Convent," The American Historical Review volume 107, number. 5 (2002): 1379-1411.
Thomas, Keith. Religion and the Decline of Magic: Studies in Popular Beliefs in Sixteenth and Seventeenth Century England. London: Penguin, 1999.
Waite, Gary K. "Sixteenth Century Religious Reform and the Witch-hunts," in The Oxford Handbook of Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe and Colonial America edited by Brian P.Levack. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.
Willis, Deborah. Malevolent Nurture: Witch-Hunting and Maternal Power in Early Modern England. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1995.
Category : Early Modern History
Tags : Anne Llewellyn Barstow, Barbara Ehrenreich, Deidre English, Dianne Purkiss, Enya Holland, europe, Hammer of Witches, Heinrich Kramer, holocaust of women, Malleus Maleficarum, Marianne Hester, mass murder of women, Thea Jensen, university of york, Witch, Witch hunts, york, York Historian
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One thought on "The European Witch Hunts: A Mass Murder of Women?"
Vicky on March 13, 2017 at 8:06 PM said:
I absolutely love this! Reading it brought back all the memories from the European Witch Craze module at uni, and I really enjoyed the three different strands of your analysis. I also liked how you recognised that there's no way, short of someone discovering a portal back to every single incident of witchcraft accusations, to definitively assess why people were accused of being witches. Really enjoyed it, thanks for writing it, Enya 🙂


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text:
Q: fputCSV strange behaviour I am using fputcsv to create a csv but the data it outputs starts on the 3rd row when i open it in excel. Why is this?
I want to create a row of column headers using fputcsv, what is the best way to do this.?
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        header('Content-Disposition: attachment; filename="OutOfAreaReport.csv"');
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        readfile('OutOfAreaReport.csv');
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    public function outputCSV(){
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A: Because you are writing the data to php://output, I assume you are offering the file for download?
Well, the extra new lines in the file are coming from further up your script, you have already output them.
The most common culprit here is leading white space before the opening <?php tag in your script:
Wrong:

<?php
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Right:

<?php
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EDIT Thanks to @SDC for reminding me that this also applies to any files you have included. For these files you will also need to make sure there is no trailing white space after the closing ?> tag, or preferably remove the closing tag completely, as it is not necessary for the script to work correctly.

A: I know this has been marked as answered but when I ran into a similar problem I had a lot of includes so I added ob_clean; to clear the buffer and it solved the space issue.
Example:

public function outputCSV(){
$list = array (
        array('aaa', 'saasasbbb', 'ccdddc', 'dddd')
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//add here
ob_clean;

   $fp = fopen('php://output', 'w');

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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Satellite images document the extent of illegal logging inside the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve in Mexico.
The left image was taken on 14 March 2004 and the right on 23 February 2008. Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis indicates that 450 hectares (1,112 acres) were severely degraded over the four years, mostly within the local community known as Ejido Crescencio Morales, in the state of Michoacan.
This butterfly area, known as Lomas de Aparacio, is on one of the 12 known mountain massifs that provide overwintering habitat for the monarch butterfly. If they return here in the future, monarchs will be unable to survive freezing during the winter with such severe forest degradation. Unfortunately the Mexican government has failed to enforce the law against logging in this area of the Reserve for at least four years.
Note: another image taken on 9 March 2006 indicated that, of the 450 degraded ha, 160 ha were cut between 2004 and 2006, and that the logging accelerated between 2006 and 2008, when an additional 290 ha were degraded.
You can see the 2006 satellite image on Google Maps, the image that was taken before the 290 additional hectares were cut.
How to contribute to further research: You can support Dr. Brower's further satellite monitoring, GIS and microclimate research in collaboration with colleagues and students at UNAM-Mexico. Checks should be made out to "Monarch Fund, Sweet Briar College" and mailed to: Dr. Lincoln Brower, Sweet Briar College, Sweet Briar, Va 24595.
Ikonos imagery, copyright GeoEye, Inc. The current images were created by Lincoln Brower (Sweet Briar College), Dan Slayback (SSAI, Inc) and Isabel Ramirez (Universidad de Mexico, Morelia), and funded by the Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary Foundation.
The red line is the Core Zone: The red line delineates the Core Zone of the Reserve that was supposedly protected against logging by Presidential Decree, issued by President Ernesto Zedillo in November 2002.
The yellow dots show butterfly colonies: Positions in the forest that have hosted colonies of overwintering monarch butterflies since they were discovered in 1995 are indicated as yellow dots.


While installing a new creative gate for Inspirit Gallery the discussion turned to "what if other people want one?" and the idea of making a small selection to present as an exhibition was born.
Gates define a property, what they say about the owners and their territory. A gate can be a statement of how they see themselves and how they want others to see them. A gate attracts curiosity and few people can resist opening and shutting it or peering through or over it to see what is beyond. The owners can show the world their special interests by choosing images or symbols woven into the frames.
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A Gaggle of Art Gates for the discerning!


text:
# Defilement
# Teenager
Teen (15) convicted of defiling his girlfriend (14) ordered to undergo supervision by Probation Service
He was 15 when he began his relationship with the 14-year-old girl.
Apr 26th 2021, 6:59 PM
# ciaran mcintyre
Offaly man jailed for sexually abusing a teenager he met on social media
Ciaran McIntyre (24) denied ever meeting the girl.
Mar 2nd 2021, 4:42 PM
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Boy accused of defilement of another young boy opts for jury trial
The boy, now aged 15, faces two charges for engaging in oral and anal sex with a child under the age of 15.
# Courts
Man (18) pleads guilty to rape of half-brother and defilement of half-sister over two-year period
The case was heard today at the Central Criminal Court.
Man jailed after having sex with girl (14) he met online
The man was arrested after the girl was found in a Dublin suburb and complained that she had been raped by him.
# Dublin
Man jailed for 6.5 years for sexual exploitation and defilement of child
The girl's mother contacted gardaí after finding concerning messages on her laptop.
UK Lotto millionaire accused of defilement and rape of an underage Irish girl served with book of evidence
The British man was arrested in Dublin in July after he travelled to Ireland to speak to the teen's mother about his relationship with her daughter.
Dec 20th 2017, 6:04 PM
Man jailed for defilement of 14-year-old girl after Wesley disco
Judge Melanie Greally praised the girl's courage in coming forward at a young age for what she said was a "very difficult process".
Nov 24th 2017, 10:30 PM
Court told Ennis teen will attempt to physically harm girl he defiled if released from custody
At Ennis Circuit Court, Sergeant John Casey said that he had "grave concerns" that the 19-year old male "poses a personal risk to the safety of the injured party".
Nov 18th 2017, 6:00 AM
Man to be sentenced for defiling teenage girl after Wesley disco
The man has pleaded guilty.
Nov 7th 2017, 5:20 PM
# Tom humphries
'The higher the profile and success of a member of society, the greater the fall'
Former sports journalist Tom Humphries has been jailed for two-and-a-half years for grooming and sexually abusing a teenage girl.
Oct 25th 2017, 12:10 AM
Tom Humphries was afforded a trust that makes his crimes even more odious
Tom Humphries joins a string of other abusers who have eroded the simple innocence of growing up on a glorious field, writes club camogie player and TheJournal.ie news editor Sinéad O'Carroll.
Oct 24th 2017, 8:30 PM
Sentencing of Tom Humphries for sexual exploitation and defilement of a child is adjourned
The former Irish Times sports journalist pleaded guilty last March to six sexual offences.
Jul 10th 2017, 2:25 PM
Man sentenced for sex with teen "took advantage of the girl in quite a squalid manner"
The man, from Mayo, was 19 at the time while the girl was 16. A two-year sentence was imposed on the man today.
Nov 29th 2016, 8:00 PM
Teenage boy charged with defilement of 15-year-old girl set for July trial
The 17-year-old is one of five teenagers accused of having sex with the girl.
May 6th 2016, 2:46 PM
Man who was aged 15 when he abused child gets suspended sentence
The victim was aged ten or eleven at the time.
Man denied sex with 15-year-old until it was proven he was her baby's father
"It is the greatest mistake of my life. It is a great lesson to me because now I will go to prison," he told investigators.
Nov 23rd 2015, 10:15 PM
Man jailed for having sex with his underage step-sister when he was a teenager
Russell Ward (23) has been jailed for 18 months for carrying on the relationship which began when he was 16 and his step-sister was 12.
# Court
Man (51) charged with 50 sexual offences against two young girls
He will go on trial on 13 July.
Jun 6th 2015, 7:00 AM
# Your Say
Poll: Should Ireland lower the age of consent?
It's reported this morning that the government will next week consider laws reducing the age from 17 to 16. Should it?
Jun 2nd 2012, 11:00 AM

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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After conquering the sports fraternity Minnie's about to take the modelling world by storm.
And, we're in absolute awe of how amazing she looks. Although it's no surprise as she's a complete natural in front of the camera and has had plenty experience rocking the red carpet of prestigious events across the world.
Although Minnie's management have been careful not to give away too much information- we do know that she's been selected to be the face of a creative international photo shoot.
The photo shoot showcases African culture and Minnie chose her hometown, Durban as the location for the first phase of the shoot.
She also looks jaw-dropping in traditional Zulu attire to fit the theme of the shoot. The second phase of the photo shoot is set for the 25-29 August.
And, all the deets of her latest venture will be revealed in New York City together with other projects she's working on for the Mercedes Benz New York Fashion Week.


text:
Q: Secondary DNS server cannot communicate with primary DNS server (but vise versa is possible) Our secondary DNS server (Windows Server 2003) cannot see or connect to our primary DNS server (Windows Server 2008). (We can ICMP by name, but we cannot add in the DNS Manager GUI.) But our primary DNS server can talk to our secondary DNS server. We are trying to troubleshoot but are at a loss for what to do next. Here is what we know:

*

*Both servers have entries on the primary DNS server.

*In DNS Manager, when we click on actions and then connect to DNS server, we can connect from primary to secondary but not the other way around.

Any ideas of how we might further troubleshoot this issue? I'd be happy to provide as much more information as I am able.
Thanks!

A: I think it's a Windows authentication problem. You're trying to use an MMC console to access one server from another server where the two servers don't share a centralized user account database. If you want to be able to access one server from the other you'll need to configure a common user account and password on both servers and launch the DNS management console with that user account.
I've tested this on both of my DNS servers and it proves out. The only thing I can't explain is why you can't connect from the older OS to the newer OS but can from the newer OS to the older OS.
Both of my servers are W2K8R2 and when I changed the Administrator password on one server I got access denied when trying to add the other server to the DNS management console. When the Administrator password on both servers matches I can successfully add and connect to each server from each server in the DNS management console.
Note that in the case where I get access denied because of a password mismatch, it DOES NOT prevent DNS record additions and deletions from propagating from the Primary to the Secondary server.


We often procrastinate when we are about to embark on a project that seems daunting. There are always anticipated difficulties and expenses that can wait.
However, deep down we know that starting a new renovation project is not only necessary, but will solve our immediate problems and contribute to our long-term happiness.
Here are 5 Reasons to start your renovation today.
1. A new look to your home or kitchen through smart design will highly contribute positively to your long-term mental health and happiness.
For starters, try adding a new kitchen appliance such as this beautiful GE Profile 30″ Gas on Glass cooktop.
2. A new well-conceived renovation by a highly creative and skilled team of master interior designers and builders will add great value to your existing property and/or business should you ever decide to sell property.
3. A new office or lobby renovation for an existing business can in turn attract a higher quality of clientele, thus leading to much greater profit margins.
4. A new extension of an existing entrance will comply to new standards for handicapped accessibility as set forth by revisions in the ADA act.
5. A new dormer built above your present home can provide a highly designed and cost-effective solution to adding office space or a gym to your current lifestyle.
We certainly hope this article will give you impetus to get off that couch and start your renovation today. What are you waiting for?
Please leave your comment here as we are always open to your feedback.
You have some very good points in how not only can giving your kitchen a make over really can really enhance your home and its value. I know right now we just moved into our home about three years ago and we are slowly but surely updating things. Our kitchen is definitely on our to do list.
Thank You Melissa, I appreciate your comment. I'm happy to hear you are coming around to getting a new kitchen renovation done in your home.
Keep it on your MUST to do list, it will add great value to your home when it is completed!


Truth uses whatever is available to show itSelf. It shines itSelf into consciousness at completely unexpected times. Sometimes the Realization of Truth completely changes a person and sometimes it takes a lifetime for one to realize what is right in front of one, always.


Most of these hotels provide a continential/buffet breakfast.
Photo of Hampton Inn (part of ) continential breakfast.
We also want to suggest that you google "Cheap Hotels, Roseville, CA" they usually have even greater discounts and or deals! We also do not recommend that you stay at Howard Johnsons nor Days Inn on Harding Way, Roseville, CA., we have not received good favorable reports about either of these hotels over the years.


Provides functionality to automatically detect groove locations via a Bayesian changepoint detection method to be used in the data preprocessing step of forensic bullet matching algorithms. The methods in this package are based on those in Stephens (1994) . Bayesian changepoint detection will simply be an option in the function from the package 'bulletxtrctr' which identifies the groove locations.
The goal of 'bulletcp' is to easily automate the identification of groove locations via a Bayesian changepoint model on data which are 2D crossections of 3D bullet land scans. Ultimately, this package will potentially support other packages implementing automated bullet land matching algorithms for use by forensic scientists or statisticians. The only function that should ideally be used by a user or another function is get_grooves_bcp(), which takes minimal arguments (though several optional arguments can be supplied) and returns a list. Of the items in the list, the only one that should ideally be needed by anyone is the one called "groove": a two element vector of estimated groove locations.
The ideal usage of the package is now demonstrated on the example data included. First, we show what the data should look like.
#> Warning: Removed 323 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Next, we use the get_grooves_bcp() function on the raw data to get the groove locations. Downsampled data are used here for speed, but in practice the full data should be used.
#> Warning: Removed 11 rows containing missing values (geom_point).


text:
Martha Anne Ferriss Parker dead at 86
Posted on: April 08,2013
Martha Ann Ferriss (center) with Boo Ferriss and their mother, Lellie Meadow Ferriss, before Game Three of the 1946 World Series at Fenway Park.
Shaw native Martha Anne Ferriss Parker, a champion tennis player and the younger sister of Mississippi baseball legend Boo Ferriss, has died at the age of 86.
Martha Anne Ferriss Parker is survived by her husband, long-time college football coach and NFL scout Henry Lee Parker, who once coached at Mississippi State. They had retired in Florence, Ala.
Martha Anne Ferriss Parker was a state high school tennis champion at Shaw High and won numerous other Mississippi titles in singles, doubles and mixed doubles. She teamed with Mississippi Sports Hall of Famers Lester Sack and Slew Hester to win several mixed doubles titles.
She was inducted into the Knoxville, Tenn., Sports Hall of Fame in 1993 and into the Tennessee Tennis Hall of Fame in 2005.
Said Boo Ferriss, "Martha Anne was just an outstanding athlete. If they would have had college sports for women when she came along, she would have been an All-American in tennis, basketball, softball or anything else she wanted to play."
Services are tentatively set for Friday in Florence, Ala.


How do visitors to Colorado National Monument feel about their visit?
Every year the National Park Service (NPS) conducts a visitor survey. The survey was born out of the need to comply with the Government Performance and Results Act of 1993. This act held government agencies accountable for achievable results. The survey allows results to be compared from site to site and from year to year. Each NPS unit receives 400 survey cards and instructions for giving them out.
At the Colorado National Monument 324 visitors returned completed survey cards based on a July 2016 visit. The survey asked visitors to rate the quality of facilities and services through 12 questions. 99% of the respondents felt the overall quality of the facilities and services was either "Good" or "Very Good". All of the staff at the monument are proud of the clean, up-to-date facilities and awesome service they provide. This survey with a 98% rating for facilities and an outstanding 100% rating for visitor services verifies their work.


text:
Q: How to reformat datetime value in PostgreSQL COPY dump to TSV for ClickHouse import? (I am trying to copy a 7m row table from PostgreSQL to ClickHouse)
I'm running Postgres in Docker and copying to a tab separated variable dump file with:
docker exec -it db psql -U db_user db_name  -c "COPY table_name ( datetime, value1, value2) TO STDOUT" > outfile.tsv

But the datetime column output is '2021-12-21 09:01:44+00'
Unfortunately my ClickHouse import ...
cat outfile.tsv | curl 'http://localhost:8123/?query=INSERT%20INTO%20my_ch_db.my_table%20FORMAT%20TSV' --data-binary @-

... needs the datetime column in format 2021-12-21 09:01:44
I can get the desired format from Postgres using a SELECT with TO_CHAR
SELECT TO_CHAR(datetime,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI::SS') FROM my_table

But can't find a way to combine the COPY and the TO_CHAR to get the desired format for my ClickHouse TSV import.
I get a syntax error if I try this:
docker exec -it db psql -U db_user db_name  -c "COPY table_name ( TO_CHAR(datetime,'YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI::SS'), value1, value2) TO STDOUT" > outfile.tsv

ERROR:  syntax error at or near "("
LINE 1: COPY my_table (TO_CHAR(datetime, 'YYYY-MM-DD H...

ANSWER:
From  uysizfoz   add the setting to the URL like this:
cat outfile.tsv | curl 'http://localhost:8123/?date_time_input_format=best_effort&query=INSERT%20INTO%20my_ch_db.my_table%20FORMAT%20TSV' --data-binary @-

More ClickHouse settings info is here.
In the end I needed to change the BOOL col too, so wrote a little Python script as follows (should've done this in the first place really)
import sys

infile = open(sys.argv[1],'r')
outfile = open(sys.argv[2],'a')

line_arr = []
while True:
    next_line = infile.readline()
    if not next_line:
        break;
    line_arr = next_line.split('\t')
    if line_arr[7] == 't':
        line_arr[7] = '1'
    else:
        line_arr[7] = '0'
    converted_list = [str(element) for element in line_arr]
    joined_string = "\t".join(converted_list)
    outfile.write(joined_string)
infile.close()
outfile.close()

ANSWER 2:
Use the CSV import method described here.

A: Add a setting date_time_input_format=best_effort


text:
Q: How to automatically restart a service even if user force close it? I want a service to run all the time in my application. So I want to restart it even if it is force closed by user. There is definitely a way to do it as apps like facebook are doing it. It's not done using push notification, facebook restarts its service even if internet is off.

A: First of all, it is really very bad pattern to run service forcefully against the user's willingness.
Anyways, you can restart it by using a BroadcastReceiver which handles the broadcast sent from onDestroy() of your service.
StickyService.java
public class StickyService extends Service
{
    private static final String TAG = "StickyService";

    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent arg0) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onStartCommand");
        return START_STICKY;
    }

    @Override
    public void onDestroy() {
        super.onDestroy();
        sendBroadcast(new Intent("YouWillNeverKillMe"));
    }

}

RestartServiceReceiver.java
public class RestartServiceReceiver extends BroadcastReceiver
{

    private static final String TAG = "RestartServiceReceiver";

    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        Log.e(TAG, "onReceive");
    context.startService(new Intent(context.getApplicationContext(), StickyService.class));

    }

}

Declare the components in manifest file:
    <service android:name=".StickyService" >
    </service>

    <receiver android:name=".RestartServiceReceiver" >
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="YouWillNeverKillMe" >
            </action>
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

Start the StickyService in a Component (i.e. Application, Activity, Fragment):
startService(new Intent(this, StickyService.class));

OR
sendBroadcast(new Intent("YouWillNeverKillMe"));

A: As per the Android document
Starting from Android 3.1, the system's package manager keeps track of applications
that are in a stopped state and provides a means of controlling their launch from
background processes and other applications.

Note that an application's stopped state is not the same as an Activity's stopped
state. The system manages those two stopped states separately.
FLAG_INCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES — Include intent filters of stopped applications in the
list of potential targets to resolve against.

FLAG_EXCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES — Exclude intent filters of stopped applications from the
list of potential targets.

When neither or both of these flags is defined in an intent, the default behavior is to
include filters of stopped applications in the list of potential targets.

Note that the system adds FLAG_EXCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES to all broadcast intents.
It does this to prevent broadcasts from background services from inadvertently or
unnecessarily launching components of stopped applications. A background service
or application can override this behavior by adding the FLAG_INCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES
flag to broadcast intents that should be allowed to activate stopped applications.

On Force stop of app, Android just kill the process ID. No warnings, callbacks are given to service/activities. As per the Android document, When the app is killed there are chances that it calls onPause().
When I tried in my app, even onPause() was not called. I think the only way is use to FLAG_INCLUDE_STOPPED_PACKAGES intent flag and send it from another app

A: If I understand correctly, then actually this is not possible, Android feature to force close application was designed to allow user to get rid of unwanted applications, so it disallows any activities from it until user again starts any of its Activity.
Restart the service even if app is force-stopped and Keep running service in background even after closing the app   How?

A: Whenever a service is killed, its onDestroy method is always called.
Its better to use a BroadcastReceiver to start your service when it is killed.
Here is a sample code illustrating its implementation:-
@Override
public void onDestroy() {
Intent in = new Intent();
in.setAction("StartkilledService");
sendBroadcast(in);
Log.d("debug", "Service Killed");
}

Then register a receiver in AndroidManifest.xml:-
<receiver android:name=".app.ServiceDestroyReceiver" >
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="StartKilledService" >
        </action>
    </intent-filter>
</receiver>

Finally,create a BroadcastReceiver,and start your service in the onReceive method:-
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
Log.d("debug", "ServeiceDestroy onReceive...");
Log.d("debug", "action:" + intent.getAction());
Log.d("debug", "Starting Service");
ServiceManager.startService();
}

Hope this helps.

A: on the service's startCommand method return START_STICKY. generally it tell the OS to start the service when it is killed.

A: If the situation allows to use 'root' it's usually possible to implement Humpty-Dumpty paradigm.
Your application (1st) installs another application (2nd, taking APK from assets) and runs the service of the 2nd app.
2nd app's service bind to the 1st app service and rebinds when disconnected. The 1st app does the same.
Sure it will not help when all apps are killed by some Free RAM or similar application but when Android kills either of those two, the other one will restart its counterpart.

A: You have to create a sticky service with overriding onTaskRemoved method, where you can set an alarm service to trigger your code again.
public class BackgroundService extends Service {

    @Nullable
    @Override
    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {
        return START_STICKY;
    }

    @Override
    public void onTaskRemoved(Intent rootIntent) {
        //create an intent that you want to start again.
        Intent intent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), BackgroundService.class);
        PendingIntent pendingIntent = PendingIntent.getService(this, 1, intent, PendingIntent.FLAG_ONE_SHOT);
        AlarmManager alarmManager = (AlarmManager) getSystemService(Context.ALARM_SERVICE);
        alarmManager.set(AlarmManager.RTC_WAKEUP, SystemClock.elapsedRealtime() + 5000, pendingIntent);
        super.onTaskRemoved(rootIntent);
    }
}

Also in some devices like Xiaomi, Huwaei the app gets force closed once it's removed from recent apps. This is because the manufacturers have task manager features which improve ram/battery performance.
You can check this link for more information: https://stackoverflow.com/a/41360159/2798289

A: The only real solution for keeping services alive ist to call Service.startForeground(...) with a provided Notification. This will be the only valid solution, every other one will be very dependent on how Google will change the behaviour of it's system. With every API update, Google could prevent every other hack.
This also keeps the user aware, that your app is performing some background task which will keep the app alive and the user has to stop this. If you provide the user the ability to stop it is part of your application, though.
See the Documentation:
void startForeground (int id, Notification notification)

Make this service run in the foreground, supplying the ongoing notification to be shown to the user while in this state. By default services are background, meaning that if the system needs to kill them to reclaim more memory (such as to display a large page in a web browser), they can be killed without too much harm. You can set this flag if killing your service would be disruptive to the user, such as if your service is performing background music playback, so the user would notice if their music stopped playing.

A: There is a very hacky solution to keep service running even you force stop it. I do not recommend that because it is against user willingness. You can define a broadcast receiver to receive intent with action X. onStartCommand handler of your service, broadcast X (if the service is not started yet). on broadcast receiver upon receipt of X, first start the service, then, sleep for some minutes, and finally re-broadcast X.

A: I think the only foolproof solution here is to have 2 services in separate processes (android:process="somecustomprocessname" in manifest, in the service entry) that both listen to broadcasts and restart each other, because currently the UI doesn't let users kill multiple processes in one action. You can then set up a pinger thread in each service that checks if the other service is running every 100 milliseconds or so, and if not, attempts to restart it. But this is starting to look more and more like malware...


Since rare elements, 'Cosments', were found, humanity has been divided into two factions on the possession and usage of the new resources. Astronest is a Sci-Fi strategy game about the fierce war between the two factions fighting for Cosments.
You become a ruler of a nation involved in one of the two warring factions. Your objective is to lead your faction to ultimate victory.


"Watch our simple guide to CPD using CPDme"
CPDme provides an online website and mobile app that allows you to build, record and maintain a professional accurate record of your continuing professional development (CPD).
The website is designed to allow you to upload supporting documents such as certificates and other evidence along with examples of your reflective practice. You can easily print off a complete portfolio, selecting what you would like to include or exclude from your printed version, alongside your CV and Employment information. Simple!


Kids' Hoops Low Sneaker Pre/Grade School is rated 5.0 out of 5 by 2.
Scoring an athletic style win in the Kid's adidas Hoops Low Sneaker.
Rated 5 out of 5 by CassieM87 from Very comfy! My son loves his new sneakers! He says they are very comfy and stylish and everyone thinks they look real good on him!


Sales for Gilt allows you to browse all of the current sales and products for Gilt.com. Available information includes: manufacturer, original price, sale price, materials, sizes and quantities remaining. Once you are ready to purchase, simply hit the Purchase button to login and purchase through Gilt.
Gilt provides insider access to today's top brands for women, men, kids, and home as well as local experiences, amazing getaways, and gourmet finds - at up to 60% off.
One night, while watching television, I saw a commercial for Gilt. As a long-time customer, I was excited to see them thriving. At the end of the ad they said, "Download our mobile app!" As I had both my phone and my Surface next to me, I checked and found no such app. What is one to do?
As a developer, the next thing I looked for was an API. Happily, I found one and immediately went about exploring. I knew I must write this app for them, and Sales for Gilt was born!


text:
NYCReview
Wine Bar in Tribeca
Get Directions | 212-625-0900 | Website
Hours: SATURDAY11:30AM to 12:00AM
Outdoor/Patio Situation
Written byChris Stang
What's the difference between a wine bar and a restaurant with wine? These are the things I often think about in solitude.
Normally, the answer would be that one has food and one does not, but these days the lines are blurry. Terroir is a wine bar, but they also have an excellent menu of things to eat while you drink. I think Corkbuzz is a wine bar, but the newest location has inexplicably been at the top of the Eater Heatmap for the last three months, so it must be a restaurant. I know Bar Veloce is a wine bar because I've only been there with a visitor from out of town, a date, or a group of girls who are overdressed for a Wednesday night. And let's be honest, those are the scenarios in which you most typically find yourself at a wine bar.
As for Terra, I could go either way. Part of me thinks this new Tribeca spot is a wine bar, because it's owned and operated by the same people responsible for Aria, the West Village's most rustic and hilarious place to drink Nebbiolo. But I also sort of think it's a restaurant, because of the fact that they have a huge kitchen that turns out fresh pasta and all of the other 47 things on their menu. The question then becomes, who cares what you call it?
The short answer, is I do. Because I don't think you can call yourself a wine bar and then have poor options when it comes to wine. And before you fire up an email to me about how I probably don't know anything about wine and probably don't even know that Chianti can be really great, a) I get it and b) that's not what I'm talking about. I'm talking about the fact that the cheapest decent bottle here is in the $70 range, and it's not even one of those good value situations. The wine list here is just way too expensive.
So maybe it's just a restaurant then. How's the food? Pretty solid actually. Especially if you lean heavy on the small plates portion of the menu, going big on things like fried artichokes and meatballs. The pastas are decent too, but not worthy of many more words on the subject. So, if Terra is a restaurant, it's an average one. And still an expensive one.
The one thing we will say definitively about this place is that the room is amazing. It's dark, rustic, filled with candles, and even has great space for a big group and outdoor dining in the warmer months. So maybe it's neither a wine bar nor a restaurant. Maybe it's a place you come to have one glass of wine or maybe a cocktail, especially if you don't mind spending some money. And maybe down here Tribeca, that's all it needs to be.
Food Rundown
Beef meatballs in tomato sauce. Very much good. Order them.
Carcofi e Olive
Fried artichokes and olives. Salty and delicious. A good thing to compliment pricey wine.
Beef Carpaccio
One of our favorite things here at Terra. Perfectly seasoned and highly pleasing.
Costicine d'Agnello
A perfectly good plate of tiny lamb chops to eat with your hands. Do that.
We wanted to love the pasta here, and we could go into each of the six we've had in detail, but that would be a waste of time. Generally, feel free to order from this section of the menu, just don't expect much. It's all pretty unremarkable.
The Manhattan Delivery & Takeout Directory
Want to know which Manhattan restaurants are open for delivery and takeout? You're in the right place.
The Best Places To Eat In Tribeca
All the best restaurants in Tribeca.
Aria Wine Bar
Wine Bar in West Village
Aria in the West Village is a picture-perfect, cozy little room, ideal for a first date.
Charlie Bird
American in SoHo
Most everything on the menu at Charlie Bird is fantastic. They do service and wine better than almost anyone else.
Terroir Tribeca
Sandwiches in Tribeca
So it's not often that a wine bar comes with an enthusiastic Infatuation Approval, but Terroir's new outpost in Tribeca most certainly does.


More than 600 species of plant and animal are threatened in Tasmania, while the status of thousands of other native species remains unknown.
A guide to what you can do to help conserve our wildlife.
Many of our native animals are at risk due to a variety of introduced species and other threatening processes. Discover what you can do to help.
A guide to living on the land with native animals.
Rabbits and rats were posing a severe threat to World Heritage values on Macquarie Island, as research from the early 2000s revealed widespread damage to terrestrial ecosystems. A project to eradicate these pests was developed to enable the restoration of Macquarie Island's biodiversity and natural systems as much as possible. This project commenced in 2007 and was successfully completed in April 2014.


EA Sports UFC 2 is now live for EA Access subscribers to play on Xbox One.
Access members can get their hands on a full game trial at a whopping 10 hours, an pretty generous offering considering a year's subscription cost just £20.
MMA fans looking to try out the sequel can head into the EA Access hub now and begin downloading.
I've put a good few hours into the game and it's a substantial improvement over its predecessor. Everything from the visuals, ground game, roster and amount of modes has been upped. Once I've been able to fully test out the online functionality, we'll be posting a full review.
UFC 2 launches on March 15 in the US and March 17 in the UK and Europe on PS4 and Xbox One.
Let us know your thoughts on the game once you've had a few rounds in the comments below or on Twitter and Facebook.


text:
Our Productions
Production Handles
Cast & Creative Team
The Comeback
In line with the latest government-approved Performing Arts working guidelines, seats in all levels of the theatre auditorium have been adjusted to ensure social distancing, with several full rows removed in the stalls and chequerboard style seating in the circles and balcony to ensure 1m+ distance between bookings. This means that whilst you may not have an empty row in front of you, you will still be 1m apart from the person sitting in front or behind you. To allow for 1m distance we ask theatregoers to adhere to extra safety mitigations, such as the mandatory wearing of face coverings, temperature checks and following allotted arrival times. Ventilation in the auditorium and front of house areas at the Noel Coward Theatre has also been adjusted in view of CISBSE Guidelines and recommendations, including ensuring that the ventilation serves fresh outside air. For more details click here: https://www.delfontmackintosh.co.uk/news/keeping-us-all-safe.php
Patrons must only be seated with members of their own household or somebody they have formed a support bubble with. If this affects a booking you have already made, please contact customer services.
Ticketholders living in Tier 3 regions are advised not to travel to other parts of the UK under government guidelines. Therefore, ticketholders living in Tier 3 zones will be entitled to a credit note or refund with their point of purchase.
© 2021 Sonia Friedman Productions. All rights reserved


"And so when - when you speak about the merits of the program, I find nothing that I can - can disagree with in terms of the benefits that we see. Why I rise to express my - my objection to advancing the amendment is that the effort that you have raised is to permanently seek to authorize this program. This program is currently authorized, and as you have appropriately pointed out, it is authorized through September 30 of this year. The measure that you bring before us would be to permanently authorize. It is in its very nature authorizing on an appropriations here - appropriations bill."
"Yesterday the chair of the president's Economic Council of Advisors brought a number of charts and a welcomed message, and that is the American economy is very strong and many of the predictions made during the course of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act debate have proven to be true. The - the positive comments. The negative comments have been proven false in terms of what the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act would do to restart this great economic engine known as the American economy. Back home in Texas we issued our monthly employment report, and it includes good news, which I would also like to share. First, Texas created 27,000 new jobs in June. That's a whole lot of people moving up, pursuing new opportunities and moving into our state from places where they don't have those opportunities."
"We have been voting on well-qualified nominees to fill the federal bench and we've been confirming them at a record pace. These are people who will, by definition, serve for a lifetime. That's what federal judges do in our country. They have life tenure. They're not subject to election. They get Independence that goes along with it and a unique job in our system of government of calling balls and strikes, applying the law to the facts of an individual case. And it's an incredibly important role to play. But sadly, we've heard during the discussion about Judge Kavanaugh that we will take up here soon, it increasingly appears that some of our democratic colleagues aren't particularly interested in the qualifications of the nominee."
"So here are just a few reasons why investing in C.T.E. is so critical to our country. By 2020, 30% of job openings -- 30% - will require some college or a two-year degree. In the next ten years, 3 million workers will be required for the nation's infrastructure needs. High school students who take C.T.E. classes have higher graduation rates, we know, and they are more likely to find employment or attain higher education. Postsecondary C.T.E. programs are also a proven cost-effective means to obtain a credential or other form of degree. So it's worth noting that this reauthorization of our nation's career and technical education law includes important components from legislation introduced by our Senate C.T.E. Caucus."
"Four pounds of crickets are required to produce one pound of powder. A pound of cricket powder produced by all things bugs which boasts, quote, the most affordable wholesale price sells for about $35 a pound. By comparison, the average retail price for a hundred percent ground beef is about $3.80 a pound. The U.S. has more than 2.5 billion pounds of beef, pork, poultry and Turkey being stockpiled. This is a record level. Clearly a new source of protein is not needed and in this case likely not wanted. In fact, the C.E.O. of one of these cricket cuisine companies said yesterday, quote, realistically, as much as we wish people would behave differently, Americans won't buy significant amounts of insect protein."
"If we do nothing, we leave our elections vulnerable to the aggressive foreign adversary fully intent on destabilizing our country. To many of the senators in the chamber, it's a simple choice. It's a solemn responsibility. Today the senate should vote on my amendment to provide $250 million in grants for the states to help secure their election systems. We have to send a clear message to Russia and other foreign adversaries that tampering in our elections will not be tolerated. Simply giving a speech about it is not enough. We should vote on this. In we had missile attacks or air attacks or others against any of our state, we would respond immediately."
"That is why I am so frustrated with the recent comments made by National Trade Council Director Peter Navarro. Mr. Navarro last week characterized the tariff uncertainty as nothing more than a rounding error. Mr. Navarro is in an important position. He is a trade advisor and strategist for the president of the United States. And he believes the tariffs that are harming Montana producers equate to nothing more than a rounding error. The statement is inaccurate, it's insulting, and it is dismissive of rural America. If Mr. Navarro truly believes that his comments are true, he has a lot to learn about what's going on across this country."
"So the Land and Water Conservation Fund expires September 30. We need to not only reauthorize the program but to permanently authorize the Land and Water Conservation Fund. But yet it's still not the right time to debate it. It's not the right issue, it's not the right bill, it's not the right moment. I hope that we can find a way to do exactly what we need to do for our great outdoors, for our economy, for our environment, to continue the incredible work of this crown jewel of conservation programs. And that's why I've authored a bill with a number of of my colleagues around the country including Senator Burr, a champion of the Land and Water Conservation Fund, full funding for the Land and Water Conservation Fund."
"Mr. President, the Land and Water Conservation Fund, you may remember last month when I tried to get a vote on its reauthorization, I had just come from a press conference marking 100 days until it expires. We've been here before. I'm sort of shocked sometimes on how hardhead he had we are in the institutions. This program has now reached a point where it's 66 days away from expiration. In the 115th Congress we actually let it expire, and the reason congress passed legislation to reauthorize it was the pressure of the American people."


Only two things happen to people who got out of a toxic relationship, they either become damaged goods or polished ones.
A toxic relationship is truly damaging when you're unable to process your emotions in a healthy way.
But when you have the right mental tools to move on while licking your wounds, you're likely to empower yourself from learning the lessons of that experience.
You will realize that it might have been a blessing, and it might have given you abilities you have yet to discover. For sure it has made you a stronger person.
You become emotionally powerful you're able to stand against any seemingly insurmountable obstacles that may come your way.
If you've been through a toxic relationship and you're recovering from the bitterness of it, you're on your way to realize these 4 priceless strengths it has blessed you with.
1. The ability to let go.
Most often, the reason for holding on to a toxic relationship is the amount of time, emotions, and even money you have invested in it.
You've done everything you can to make it work. You sacrificed your own needs, tolerated theirs, and might even endured physical abuse or verbal violence.
But when the other person pushed you beyond your limits, you were forced to realize the truth that you have an innate power of releasing yourself from such a cage.
You realized that you always have the capability to let go. And that's a powerful thing to know.
Not all people know that they have this ability so they stick with things that harm them. Some continue clinging to a toxic relationship even if they're aware it's slowly killing them.
The ability to let go is helpful not only in romantic relationships but also to other areas of your life, like a toxic work environment.
Having stood up for yourself once will make it easier for you to do it again should the situation calls for it.
The biggest thing adult people become dependent on is their emotions. Emotions towards a certain reality, towards their partners, even the emotions certain substances promote.
Being dependent financially, emotionally, and even physically to your partner makes you an easy target for abuse.
You allow the abuse to take place because you have given your personal power to someone else.
You subconsciously feel as if you're unworthy and incapable of providing for your own needs.
But when you're left alone after the break up, you have nothing in mind but to survive your emotional misery. You don't know where to begin, you just move out of instinct.
But as you move forward, no matter how small of a step you make, you realize it's not the end of the world.
You are still there, even with your emotional chaos you still manage to meet your basic needs.
That's the first clue you get that you have the biggest power over your decisions. You do not need anyone. And as you move forward you discover your own self worth.
Once you're back on your feet and standing strong, you'll realize you don't need anyone to support yourself.
Cultivating this independence make it hard for others to abuse you and treat you like a doormat again.
3. Sharper perception to quickly identify red flags.
When a toxic relationship has tortured you for quite some time you develop a better perception to identify subtle sign that reveal such behavior.
You were shaped into a powerful person, you have developed a perception that makes you more aware of the subtle signals that say danger.
It's an evolutionary tendency and advantage to look out for things that might harm you, that's why negative news capture our attention much faster than positive ones.
And now you are, in a way, hyperaware of signs that tell someone might want to harm you.
Knowing these cues saves you from doing the same mistake again. People may not be the same but the patterns are.
Additionally, when you listen to your gut, you will know the right decision.
4. The power to remove yourself from negative ties.
Forgiveness is the sublime act of liberation. You free yourself from toxicity while learning the lesson of the experience.
You forgive not because you want to forget. You forgive because you want to break free from the chains of the past.
It's not a sign of weakness, rather it's an indomitable strength that not everyone possesses.
Others hold on to hate and seek revenge because they feel weak if they let go. Revenge is their master. They make decisions based on their hate, they are slaves to their toxicity.
What they don't know is that the more they hold on to it, the more they bind themselves. Unless they forgive, they would never realize how powerful they are.
Moving on from a toxic relationship means forgiving yourself despite being hurt and in the midst of that emotional turmoil.
You don't only remove the guilt, but also cut the energetic ties between you and the other person.
Untangling yourself from a toxic relationship is never easy because the damage could go far beyond your emotions. It could damage you mentally and spiritually as well.
But when you manage to do it, to free yourself from that toxic environment, you will be able to forgive more easily in general.
You will be able to free yourself from other negative ties you have in your life because your forgiveness muscle has become much stronger.
But you need to take the pains of accepting responsibility for being in such relationship in order to heal and forgive. Sometimes the ego can insanely resist this.
The healing process may take months or years, but once the wounds are healed, you're like a butterfly getting out of a cocoon, powerful, strong, and beautiful.


Fraudsters are increasingly targeting the public by stealing their card details to pay for illegal mobile top-ups. Such crimes are normally a pre-cursor to much larger raids on victims' accounts.
The transaction value is usually up to £30, which is small enough to go unnoticed on many people's statements.
If you spot a fraudulent payment, contact your card company or bank immediately as it will cancel your card or change your bank details to prevent any further problems (see the Buy Safely Online and ID Protection guides).
MoneySavingExpert.com has witnessed a large rise in victims' complaints over recent months regarding bogus pay-as-you-go top-ups.
Many have complained in their droves on this site's forum of having transactions added to their bank or credit card statement when it is nothing to do with them.
Fraudulent payments to all the major mobile providers have been reported, though most complaints concern O2 top-ups.
The forum page where this fraud has mostly been reported has already been viewed over 36,000 times and includes hundreds of complaints (see the Mobile Top-up Fraud page).
Sandra Quinn, from fraud prevention organisation, the Financial Fraud Action group, says: "Fraudsters often try things out with smaller amounts such as this and, if it works, they will then try for much larger sums.
"They know many people will not notice these amounts on their statements. Always contact your bank or card provider if you've fallen victim."
Many victims have blamed mobile operators for not taking their concerns seriously and not doing enough to investigate the problem. There is absolutely no suggestion O2 or any other network is in any way involved.
One forum poster, Malc, said last week: "I've been had by this £30 O2 prepay UK scam today. I gave the O2 number a ring and asked to speak to the fraud department after explaining the situation but they seemed disinterested."
O2 says while it is sympathetic to fraud victims it cannot do anything about people's bank or credit card details being stolen in the first place.
A spokeswoman says: "We take fraud prevention and security very seriously and adhere to the security measures and authentication measures operated by banks.
"O2 only accepts payment where the security information and user's name and address have been verified.
"Anyone who thinks they have been wrongly charged by O2 should contact us.
"Our fraud department will take steps to help identify the reasons for the top-up and, if fraudulent, they will ensure the fraudulent handset cannot be used. We would also advise them to contact their bank."
Archna Luthra, MoneySavingExpert.com consumer products analyst, says: "This shows more than ever consumers need to be vigilant and regularly check statements. A simple monthly scan will quickly throw up any anomalies that can be rectified.
"Also, be wary of unfamiliar sites when shopping online and always check the security. This can prevent fraudsters lifting your details in the first place."
Look after your cards at all times and don't leave them unattended. Don't allow anyone to see your card or pin when making a transaction.
Safely store your statements, receipts and documents that contain sensitive information and shred them before recycling or throwing away.
Sign any new cards as soon as they arrive.
Cut expired cards through the chip first and then the magnetic strip.
Pay attention to card expiry dates. If your replacement card hasn't arrived call your bank or building society to check its status.
Ensure you are the only person who knows your pin and destroy any paper notification once received.


Julia Encke is editor and head of literature at the Frankfurter Allgemeine Sonntagszeitung. After studying German, Romance Languages and Comparative Literature in Freiburg, Toulouse and Munich, she wrote a PhD on sensory perception in the First World War. Julia Encke lives in Berlin.


We received 69 applications for cohort 1 from a diverse range of sectors, locations and sizes, before the application window closed on 8 July 2016.24 applications were accepted, and 18 firms tested as part of cohort 1.
The FCA received 77 submissions for the second phase of the regulatory sandbox, more than applied for cohort one. 31 applications met the sandbox eligibility criteria and were accepted to develop towards testing. The current cohort consists of the 24 firms that are ready to begin testing shortly. Tests will be conducted on a short-term and small-scale basis and the FCA has worked with the sandbox firms to agree testing parameters, building in consumer safeguards. In addition to the firms below, seven firms were not ready to begin testing and may be part of cohort three.
The range of firms testing in the second cohort is diverse, covering a variety of geographies and sectors including wholesale, general insurance, payments, retail banking and retail lending. Accepted propositions from firms cover a range of ideas including distributed ledger technology based payment services and artificial intelligence software to observe client behaviour and better determine client preferences before financial advice is given.
We received 61 applications for cohort 3 of the regulatory sandbox. 18 firms have been accepted to develop towards testing.


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La rue Charbonnet - du nom de Pierre Mathias Charbonnet (1733-1815), recteur de l'Université de Paris - anciennement rue des Lorgnes jusqu'au 12 août 1851 est une voie historique du centre-ville (cœur historique de Troyes - bouchon de Champagne) dans le département français de l'Aube.

Elle commence à l'intersection de la rue Claude-Huez et de la rue Paillot-de-Montabert, et se termine à l'intersection de la rue Brunneval.

Historique
La rue Charbonnet a fait partie comme plusieurs autres rues du quartier du Clos de la Madeleine. Elle en a porté le nom, comme celui des Amours de la Madeleine. Elle a aussi été désignée comme rue de l'École. Faisant partie du Quartier Clos de la Madeleine (un de ces groupes de maisons qui, au Moyen Âge constituaient des bourgs isolés dans l'enceinte)

 On y trouvait l'hospice civil de Troyes dont l'administrateur en 1845 était Augustin Pierre Babeau.

 Vers 1889 se trouvait au n°3 l'hôtel de la poste aux lettres, à l'angle de la rue Charbonnet et de la rue Paillot-de-Montabert.

 Au n° 9 de la rue se trouve l'hôtel de Marisy, actuellement agence territoriale de Troyes Chaumont

Voir aussi
 Rue de la Madeleine
 Rue Brunneval

Références

Liens externes

Charbonnet
Tourisme dans l'Aube

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


apartment, 4 people, 3 room/s, 2 bedroom/s, 1 bathroom/s, approx. 70 m², 1 floor/s, apartment on floor 1, separate access to the property, via external stairs. Feature: Property in a two-family property. country cottage. Furnishing: good, with much wood, homely, wooden floor. Equipment: satellite TV; radio; oil central heating. Room layout: Living room(roof pitch): sofa, exit to balcony. Dining area: (corner bench) in the living room. Kitchen: open to the living room. Kitchen/ cooking equipment: 4 electric plates, wood stove, oven, dish-washer, combination fridge-freezer, coffee machine, water boiler, toaster. Bedroom 1(roof pitch): double bed, exit to balcony. Bedroom 2(roof pitch): 2 x single bed. Sanitary 1: shower, WC.
€ 19 per person and week/short term stay (depending on occupancy) plus Holiday resort tax. Linen/towels available. Deposit € 100 (in cash). Pet not allowed.
Situation: suburbian area, in the district Unterlängenfeld. Access/parking: parking on the estate. Estate (shared use): approx. 700 m², closed plot (fence). Infrastructure: Ski storage room (lockable). Exterior (private use): Plot description: balcony (roofed), furnishing provided (garden table, 2 chairs). ● Distances: Center Längenfeld in approx. 400 m. Sölden in approx. 14 km. Next shopping possibility in approx. 200 m. Next supermarket in approx. 200 m. Airport Innsbruck in approx. 68 km. Swimming complex in approx. 1.5 km (Aqua Dome Längenfeld). Ski run Giggijochbahn in approx. 14 km (Sölden). Ski bus stop in approx. 250 m. Cross-country skiing trail in approx. 500 m.
1'170 - 1'600 m a.s.l. >>Laengenfeld is located in the centre of the Oetz valley and is therefore ideally situated for all leisure activities Quiet holiday village with 4'300 inhabitants, 68 km south-west from Innsbruck. In the resort: shops, restaurant, bar. The "Aqua Dome" natural thermal baths opened on the 1st October 2004: Austria's most modern wellness world - 50 000 m2 of warm thermal waters from a depth of 1860m offering also children's entertainment, sauna world, restaurant and medical competence centre.
Heated outdoor swimming pool. Tennis. Minigolf. Riding. Summer skiing in Sölden. Hiking paths, climbing. Mountain bike routes.
Ski-region Sölden 15 km, from 1'350 m. 2 cableways, 5 cable cabins, 19 chair lifts, 8 drag lifts. Snow park, halfpipe. Ski school, children's ski school, ski kindergarten. 50 km cross country ski tracks in the region, winter walking paths 40 km. Toboggan runs. Natural ice rink, curling. Ski bus (free of charge). Further ski-regions: Gries at 5 km.


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One Frightening Poll Could Mean America Is On The Brink Of Crisis
Places To Consider When Escaping From Urban Areas
America is not safe despite being the world's greatest superpower.
There's an enemy within our borders that's causing serious problems.
And one frightening poll could mean America is on the brink of a crisis.
Socialism is a virus that refuses to go away.
Despite the utter destruction and the murderous ideology has caused all over the globe, it's more popular than ever.
A new Rasmussen poll showed that 42% of young Americans aged 18-39 would happily vote for a socialist presidential candidate.
A Harris poll conducted earlier this year found similar findings; roughly 50% of young Americans prefer socialism to capitalism.
And a Gallup poll showed that 47% of all Americans would vote in a socialist for president, and the number was as high as 70% among Democrats.
These numbers are frightening.
Americans have been told by far-left activists masquerading as teachers, journalists, and entertainers that socialism simply means paying for roads and other public goods.
They argue that healthcare is a human right.
The problem is that this is a clever, yet diabolical fiction.
Socialism doesn't mean free stuff like college tuition.
It means public ownership of all production and abolition of property rights.
When people are educated on what that means and what the costs of such a system are, they like it a lot less.
Freedom is in the DNA of every American.
But socialists have been hard at work to move the country far left.
Their strategy is to take over all institutions in order to accomplish their goal.
The main culprit is the universities.
The socialists who held no role in the private sector—and who resented the successful free-marketeers who weren't as well read as they were—congregated in the academies.
They trained the next generation of activists who went on to teach K-12, pursue journalism, work in law, and every other walk of life.
"The Communist Manifesto" by Karl Marx remains one of the most frequently assigned books in college – but professors aren't critiquing it as much as they are endorsing it.
First, young people are being told that everything bad is the fault of capitalism.
So high costs of healthcare are blamed on the free market when it's actually heavy regulation that dramatically drives up costs.
A lack of transparency in pricing is the main reason why the cost is driven up, but there are regulations in place that prevent transparency.
If these young people who wear Che Guevara T-shirts knew that he was a murderer and a racist, they may not look at him as a hero anymore.
If they knew about the Soviet gulags, Cambodian killing fields, Maoist struggle sessions, the Ukrainian famine, and a laundry list of other atrocities, their tune would change.
But they're not being taught the truth.
Unless we start getting the word out, the problem will only get worse, and American freedom will be left in the hands of people who believe Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez is a competent leader.
Americans Communists Polls Socialism
COVID Vaccine Given To One Shocking Group Before Americans
Antifa Issued One Threat That All Americans Need To See
One Report About The COVID Vaccine Has Americans Concerned
Top Official Dropped A Bombshell About What China Is Doing
Dr. Fauci Just Issued A Threat To All Americans
Biden's First Move As President Should Concern All Americans


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Home » Roscrea
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Phone: 0505 22032
E-Mail: roscrealibrary@tipperarycoco.ie
E-mail Print Jobs to your branch library's printer (Choose Black & White or Colour Printing) then collect at your leisure. Use the following addresses for Roscrea:
A4 Black & White: roscreabwa4@printspots.com
A4 Colour: roscreacola4@printspots.com
The My Open Library service offers extended opening hours by providing library access to members from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m., seven days per week, 365 days of the year. My Open Library is an unstaffed, self-service library, outside of regular opening hours. With My Open Library you can borrow and return items, print, photocopy, use the Internet, access Wifi and use our study space. Please note that there will be no library staff present. Members must be able to study independently without the need for supervision, use the IT equipment and comply with the terms and conditions of use.
To access My Open Library you must register in person at the library, and you must take part in an induction. The induction will point out the self-services available during unstaffed hours, and will demonstrate the safety procedures in place. Call to the library to find out more.
Do you use LOTE or TTRS through Tipperary County
Local History Book Launch in Nenagh Library
Roscrea Library Christmas Opening Hours
Roscrea Parent and Toddlers Group
Our Online Services are always open
KidSpeak
Vision-net
Bookclub Titles
Clonmel Online Book Club – August
September Staff Reads
The Clonmel Library Book Review Podcast: Episode 27
Young Adult Picks
Thurles: Review of The Art of Not Breathing by Sarah Alexander
Wolf Children; Paul Dowswell
Geek Girl Forever Geek; Holly Smale
Silent Weapon; Andy McNab
Kids Bookclub Titles
Young Adult Book Club at Nenagh Library
Nenagh Library Summer Stars Events
Roscrea Library
Birr Road,
Roscrea,
Eircode: E53 N129
Phone: (0505) 22032
Roscrea Through The Ages , 'Roscrea's Historical Memories Website' , is a fantastic resource for anyone with an interest in Roscrea. Updated regularly , it also has a very popular Facebook page.