Many years Kyrgyz people lived as nomads. They lived in the mountains and it was impossible to be there without horses. All nomads lived in yurts and from time to time they were changing their places. During that time they were riding horses to new pastures. If you want to feel as if you are a nomad then horse riding tour is waiting for you!
In the morning sightseeing tour of the capital of Kyrgyzstan. After lunch setting off for Pakrovka village, where we will be met by a nice Russian family. Dinner and taking a real Russian sauna. Homestay in a family.
D2: Pakrovka - Juuku via Saruu. Horse riding tour.
After a big breakfast we will get our horses and leave the village for Djoukkou valley. We will get to the kingdom of green mountains, red rocks, steep cliffs. Stop en route for picnic. Getting to Djoukkou valley, where we will camp. Overnight in a tent.
D3: Juuku - Kichi Kizil-Suu. Horse riding tour.
Riding to Jumatai Pass to get to the Kyrgyz Jungles. Enjoying the scenery of the Kyrgyz mountains. Continuing ascending to the Jumtai Pass. (3600 m). Overnight in a tent in Kichi kizil-Suu.
D4: Kichi Kyzyl-Suu - Kizil-Suu. Horse riding tour.
We will spend the day riding in Kichi-Kyzyl Suu. Picnic en route. In the afternoon getting to Chon Kyzyl Suu. Evening we will spend with a local aksakal (an honorable old man), who will tell us how he kidnapped his wife. Overnight in guesthouse.
D5 - 6: Kyzyl Suu . Horse riding tour.
Next two days we will spend enjoying the beauty of the wonderful places of Kyrgyzstan. We will ride to the Kashka Tor Lake and the glacier. We can see hares in the mountains. During two days we will be able to enjoy the view of Sharkyrar and Shatymy cascades. Overnight in guestgouse.
D7 : Kyzyl Suu -Archa Tor Pass. Horse riding tour.
The same day we will leave Kyzyl Suu valley and ride to Archa Tor Pass (3683 m).We will se the wildlife of Kyrgyzstan, different birds and animals: rabbits, ibex, marmots, bears. Overnight in a tent.
D8: Oguz-Bashi glacier - Jeti Oguz. Horse riding tour.
Descending to Djety-Oguz gorge through Archa Tor Pass. This gorge is serrounded by differetn legends. You will be fascinated by the red rocks of the valley. Then ride to Oguz Bashi glacier. Overnight in a tent.
D9: Jeti Oguz -Jeti Oguz sanatorium. Horse riding tour.
That day we will come back to civilization. We will descend to Djety-Oguz Sanatorium, a very famous sanatorium of the Soviet time. Soviet presidents and famous astronauts visited it. Here we can have picnic on the bank of the river and have some rest. Overnight in a tent.
In the morning we will go to the lake. We will stay for a night in a house of a Chinese speaking Muslim. Traditional dinner and homestay.
After breakfast setting off for the east of the Issyk-Kul lake (more than 1600m above the sea level), to Karakol, a town founded in the 19th century as a Russian garrison where a famous Russian explorer Prjvalky lived. We will see the Dungan Mosque and the Holy Trinity Cathedral in order to understand the life of Kyrgyz people in the 19th century. Overnight in guesthouse.
Transfer to Bishkek along the northern shore of the Issyk-Kul lake. On the way visiting the Burana Museum, a site of a medieval city of Balasagun, the capital of the Karahanid Kaganate, a Turkic dynasty of the 11 century. In the afternoon sight-seeing tour of Bishkek. Dinner at a restaurant. Overnight at the hotel.


Mandi parliamentary constituency, the second largest constituency in the country and an area doinated by either the Congress or the BJP since independence lurks in uncertainty this time, as the Bharatiya Janata Party is yet to announce a candidate for the seat.
Not only BJP, but new political entrant Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) and the Himachal Lokhit Party (HLP) have also failed to find a suitable candidate so far with only 20 days left for filling nomination (April 12) and 45 days for voting (May 7).
As of now, the Communist Party of India (CPI) and Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPM) have declared its joint candidate Kushal Bhardwaj, Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) fielded Lala Ram Sharma on Saturday, whereas the Congress party is relying on sitting Mandi MP Pratibha Singh.
Pratibha Singh, wife of chief minister Virbhadra Singh, won a by-election here in June 2013 by a huge margin defeating nearest rival BJP's Jai Ram Thakur.As soon as the results of the by-election were out, almost all the political parties started blaming misuse of government machinery by Pratibha due to the political influence of CM-husband Virbhadra Singh, and added that "the same magic will not be repeated in the general Lok Sabha elections".
Despite proclamations of giving a tough time to Pratibha, the opposition parties have not been able to find suitable candidates, even though time for the electioneering is narrowing by every passing day.
At present only Kushal Bhardwaj, joint candidate of CPI and CPM, is campaigning whereas no other party leader has yet established a connect with the electorate.
BJP, considered a major contender against the Congress, is still hopeful of returning its rebel leader and former MP Maheshwar Singh. But with hopes of such a possibility diminishing, the BJP has started scrutinising a list of possible strong candidate in its meetings at district and state level.Earlier, speculations were rife that former youth leader Ajay Rana, Brigadier Kushal Thakur (retd) and Manali MLA Gobind Ram's names were on the top of the list, but party sources inform that name of former state woman commission chairperson and senior BJP leader Ambika Sood is now in the lead.
Inside sources of BJP inform that Sood, belonging to Mandi district and married in Kullu, having a princely background and popularity as mass leader, especially among women, can give Congress a tough fight.


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8D and 8E travelled to St. Mary's University College to participate in STEM activity days organised by Technology & Design Undergraduate students Matthew Larkin and Lukas Arkinson. The programme, which followed a similar structure to St. Dominic's 'Drone Technology in Education Programme' focussed on the use of Drones, Robotics, and Hovercrafts in a fun and stimulating environment to engage pupils in a range of problem solving activities.
The student teachers are collaborating on a unique and innovative small scale research project which has been sponsored by Makeblock, an Amsterdam-based international STEAM Education provider. Danielle McCallion, an alumnus of St Mary's, is the Education Officer for Makeblock. The pupils used programmable drones, robots and model hovercrafts for the purposes of both attempting to solve real-life-based authentic problems and enhancing their STEM-based subject knowledge.
The event was organised solely by Lukas and Matthew in order for them to gather evidence on whether such an integrated approach to STEM education enhances the teaching and learning experiences of pupils within the various STEM disciplines. Listening to the pupils' voice is at the core of their research methodology. Matthew and Lukas will be sharing the results of their research project with their peers at the 2019 St Mary's Capstone Research conference.


Beautiful wooden treehouse with a woodland playground for the Rosebud doll to discover.
This wonderful Rosebud Village Tree House and woodland playground is the perfect setting for your child to enjoy creating adventures with the Rosebud doll included. Your child can help the doll climb the rope ladder, swing to and fro on the swing, play on the see saw and whizz down the slide. Sit the doll at the Rosebud Treehouse picnic table for a treehouse feast, or bring them outside for a woodland picnic - playing pretend and making up stories about the Rosebud characters will inspire the imagination while playing with friends boosts important social and communication skills.
The Rosebud Tree House set includes: treehouse, see saw, slide, swing, rope ladder, picnic table, two chairs, a doll and a bucket to lift water or pretend treats up and down.
This beautiful wooden treehouse has so much for little one's to discover and stands on a sturdy base board allowing you to easily move the exciting pretend play anywhere.


Details of cybersecurity breaches across government, education and industry sectors made headlines – repeatedly – over the past year, with no signs of slowing down. Yet despite the frequent incidence, 66 percent of companies report they are unprepared for a major cybersecurity attack, according to a national survey released in November by the Ponemon Institute.
Last February, hackers breached the U.S. Department of Justice's database, releasing personal information on 10,000 Department of Homeland security employees and 20,000 FBI employees. That same month, the IRS announced that a 2015 breach compromised the information of some 700,000 American taxpayers, while the University of California-Berkeley revealed a records breach affecting 80,000 students, alumni and employees.
In October, Yahoo reported that a breach believed to have occurred in 2014 affected as many as 500 million user accounts – one of the largest such breaches to date. On Oct. 21, cyber attackers took down the internet for a large swath of the Eastern United States for most of the day, using a malware virus known as Mirai that attacks vulnerable internet-connected devices such as web cameras, DVRs and routers.
As these high-profile cases make clear, today's cyber attackers are highly sophisticated.
It's not necessarily that the attack tools are getting smarter; it's the manner in which they are being used. Malicious players don't even have to be highly tech savvy, said Cody Shackelford, systems engineer with Data Strategy, which acquired Louisville-based boice.net this year.
Basic malware or ransomware packages are readily available on the black market or dark web, he said. Attackers today are succeeding by researching a target company or agency to determine a weak link – for example, a "socially engineered" phishing campaign with an email that looks like it came from and is written in the style of a regular communication partner, perhaps even a coworker.
Organizations can achieve very high levels of protection, though, by employing multiple levels of defense that screen all incoming digital traffic, that restrict anything that does get through to an individual work station, and especially that train workers in best practices for handling data, Shackelford said.
Kentucky cybersecurity experts agree: The worst possible response to the increasing threat of cyberattack is to assume you're not at risk.
To shore up their defense against attack, businesses should first work with their IT or information security team to do a comprehensive risk assessment, Logan said.
"We often see new clients who simply don't know what their vulnerability to an attack is, because they've never had a risk assessment done," he said.
Unfortunately, there is no single, one-size-fits-all approach to cyber safety.
And while each firm's cybersecurity approach will be specific to its own unique needs, experts did offer these general rules to consider.
Ensure baseline security is up-to-date. This includes use of anti-virus software; patching on servers, work stations and routers; implementing a sound backup system; use of firewalls; and "a layered security approach, where there's multiple points to protect you," said Joe Danaher, vice president of operations for Integrity IT, a Lexington-based IT and internet security firm.
If your current firewall system is more than five years old, consider investing in a newer one. New models include state-of-the-art intrusion detection prevention systems (IDPS) built in, which can help identify security threats at the perimeter, before they reach the network, Logan said.
Install end-point protections. In the past, "end points" (i.e., individual employee computer stations) typically received only a simple anti-virus install, Logan said. In today's threat climate, that's not enough.
Update data routinely, locally and off-site. "Because the threats have increased so much, it's important that you have a good, secure backup," said Danaher. "Usually what you do, is a full back-up daily and then incrementals timed throughout the day, based on how much data you can stand to lose. Most customers still do an onsite backup, and it's very important for disaster recovery to have an off-site backup as well," he said.
Phishing emails can spread ransomware. In years past, bogus phishing emails were easy to spot. Not so today. Hackers have gotten increasingly sophisticated at mimicking the look of real emails from businesses – say a bank or credit card company – you routinely interact with. But if an employee clicks on an email containing malware at their work desk, without the proper safety in place, a virus can be unleashed on their company's entire network system.
Ransomware – in which the hacker encrypts all your computer files and only provides the decryption key at a set ransom price – is on the rise, say experts.
"Phishing and spear-phishing [an email spoofing attack that targets a specific individual] continue to be the biggest threat we're seeing," said Greg Garcia, executive vice president of the Washington, D.C.-based Signal Group, who served as the nation's first assistant secretary for cybersecurity under President George W. Bush from 2006-08.
At the invitation of the Technology Association of Louisville Kentucky (TALK), Garcia spoke in Kentucky this past summer on cybersecurity and the Internet of Things, a broad term for the rise of interconnected devices, from smart phones and home security systems to manufacturing stations and self-driving cars.
While increased device interconnectivity can lead to convenience and even better productivity in manufacturing, logistics and other sectors, it can also lead to increased cyber risk. The widespread Oct. 21 Mirai attack was just one example of what's possible as hackers manipulate weak internal security in certain interconnected online devices – including webcams, DVRs, routers and more – to turn them into "bots" in a targeted denial-of-service attack.
"Every device that has an IP address, an internet protocol address, is in fact visible on the internet and vulnerable," Garcia said.
In some cases, the default password for these connected devices cannot be changed and is publicly available online. Hackers use this readily available information to control the devices to do their bidding, essentially. Key takeaway: If possible, always change from the default password on any device after installing it, experts urge.
"You can spend a large portion of your company's budget on security technology, and it can be made instantly ineffective by someone getting access to the environment through social engineering," said Patrick Zanella, security practice lead with Lexington, Mass.-based Integration Partners.
In "social engineering" breaches, attackers email or call an employee or call into a call center and name-drop to sound as if their request for sensitive company information is legitimate.
In March, for example, personal information for 700 current and former Snapchat employees was stolen when hackers posed as Snapchat CEO Evan Spiegel and tricked an employee into emailing them employee payroll data.
As noted, other breaches can occur when employees fail to identify a phishing email; therefore constant employee training on identifying such scams is essential, said Danaher.
And, of course, employees should be trained on basic safety protocols including never using the same email and password for private social media accounts and work accounts, Cozzi said.
Experts admit it's impossible to calculate how cyber threats will continue to evolve, since new iterations come along so fast. (On average, 300,000 to 400,000 new malware files are uploaded on a daily basis, Zanella said.) That's why developing a sound, holistic cyber security strategy is key.
With the influx of threats poised to continue, attention has turned toward the need for additional cybersecurity funding both at the federal and state level.
"It's very ironic that cybersecurity breaches are at the top of the totem pole for concerns, but at the bottom when it comes to funding and for action, frankly," said Brian Fox, senior account executive at Level 3 Communications in Lexington.
Lobbyists and cybersecurity advocates are hoping to change that divide. Fox points to ongoing conversations in Washington aimed at finding funding to "react to the cyberwarfare that is going on. There is even a consortium that is looking to appropriate a tax to handle cyber warfare at the state and local level," he said.
Talks in Washington also center on how to best prevent cyber vulnerability within the nation's most targeted sectors, from transportation and energy to commerce, banking and healthcare.
"The government knows what it doesn't know (when it comes to cybersecurity)," Garcia said. "And that's a good thing. They understand that there are more complexities here than regulation would be able to anticipate and solve. So this is going to have to be an iteractive process between industry and government, and not just between one sector at a time.
Another challenge facing cybersafety advisors is the scarcity of trained cybersecurity workers nationally. An online Cybersecurity Supply/Demand Heat Map (cyberseek.org/heatmap.html) illustrates this scarcity on a state-by-state basis. It reports that there are currently more than 348,000 cybersecurity job openings across the nation.
Addressing the cybersecurity workforce shortage in Kentucky has required a hands-on approach.
Dawn Yankeelov, president of ASPectx and executive director/CEO of Technology Association of Louisville Kentucky (TALK), is currently in talks with the Kentucky Department of Education to incorporate cybersecurity training as an optional career track within 9th- to 12th-grade curricula.
The ready-made curriculum, developed by NICERC (National Integrated Cyber Education Research Center), would be free for teachers to implement if it is approved, Yankeelov said.
In Lexington, SDGblue hired Brad Yaun as a talent ambassador 18 months ago, and as such, it's his job to promote the need for cybersecurity workers across the state. Yaun has worked closely with the University of Kentucky's computer science and information communications technology programs as well as Eastern Kentucky University's criminal justice and computer science departments, for example, to help develop relationships between students interested in cybersecurity and area firms – like SDGblue – who need them.
Students studying cybersecurity through Northern Kentucky University's information technology degree track or its business informatics degree track have no trouble finding jobs upon graduation, said Dr. James Walden, director of NKU's Center for Information Security, which launched in 2014.
In their cybersecurity coursework at NKU, students learn to set up firewalls, VPNs (virtual private networks) and intrusion detection systems, among other skills. In computer forensics courses, students must investigate the memory of a compromised network system in order to determine what went wrong, Walden said. During their capstone class, many students conduct security assessments for area businesses. Some have even reverse-engineered malware.
Robin Roenker is a correspondent for The Lane Report. She can be reached at editorial@lanereport.com.


At Alliance Defending Freedom, we and more than 3,300 Allied Attorneys, work daily to provide a strong legal defense for your religious freedom, the sanctity of life, and marriage and family in America and around the world. But we are nothing without God's grace (John 15:5) and your generous support.
At ADF, we only take on cases when we have the resources to do so. We depend on God to move in the hearts of people like you to provide these vital gifts. You can help make a significant difference today by supporting ADF as we work to fulfill our God-given mission to keep the doors open for the Gospel by advocating for religious freedom, the sanctity of life, and marriage and family.
There are plenty of ways to show your support for ADF and the clients we serve who are fighting for their freedom to live according to their faith.
Whether you want to give a one-time gift or set up automatic monthly giving, donating online is quick, easy, and secure.
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Whether you want to do more now or in the future to support ADF, planned giving allows you even more options and ensures your hard-earned money is put to good use.


We are now into Week Two of this year's World Cup, hosted by Brazil. Maybe, like most Americans, you just aren't into it. Personally, I'm excited by the non-stop world-class soccer that is being played over the next few weeks. All that national pride! All that amazing play! All those hot players! And USA winning their first game!!! I think the best way to celebrate this year's World Cup in Brazil is to sip the official cocktail of Brazil – the Caipirinha.
Similar to the mojito or the margarita, the caipirinha reigns supreme in Brazil. Like the margarita, the caipirinha is a lime sour – mixing spirits with sugar and lime juice. What sets it apart is the main ingredient – cachaça – a distilled spirit that is similar to rum. Unlike rum, which is distilled from cane sugar molasses, cachaça is distilled from fermented cane sugar syrup. Made almost exclusively in Brazil, it is now readily available in the U.S. I always use the light cachaça, even though it does come in a dark, aged version as well.
Drop the lime wedges into the bottom of a tall cocktail glass. Crush the limes against the bottom of the glass with a muddler or a sturdy wooden spoon to release all of their juices and the oil from the lime peels. Add the simple syrup (or brown sugar) and cachaça. Muddle again to mix with the lime. Add ice and stir to mix. It's ready to serve!
I actually like to top mine off with sparkling water or Club Soda, to give it more fizz. That's not really "official" but I do think that it makes it more refreshing.
If you're not sure how to SAY Caipirinha (it IS a Portuguese word), just click on this helpful YouTube video.
It's summer and some of the classic tastes of the season derive from our memories of trips to the beach. Fried clams, fresh oysters, shrimp boils, lobster rolls. Seafood evokes the smell of the ocean and the feel of the sun on your face. One such summer treat is the crab cake. Crab cakes are rich and tasty, with the spiciness of Old Bay giving them that traditional American seafood flavor. But have you noticed that crab meat is pricey? Very pricey. At $30 a pound, it is a seldom-made special treat at our house (think 4th of July dinner). On the other hand, a 1-lb. block of tofu only costs $1.50 and can take on all the tastes that make crab cakes so delicious – onion, celery, garlic, parsley, lemon and Old Bay Seasoning. So, for our family, I make a delicious meat-free substitute for crab cakes many times a year – Tofu Crab Cakes (of Tofu "Crab" Cakes).


Preschool Storytime is for children who are getting prepared to enter kindergarten and are ready to listen to longer books. After storytime, join us for a craft, playtime, or a sensory activity! We get together on Tuesdays and Fridays at 10:30am. We hope to see you there!


text:
Newspapers for free: A woman flips through a newspaper at a vendor stand in Lagos February 25, 2008. Newspapers seeking to compete with the Internet are likely to become free and place greater emphasis on comment and opinion in the future, a survey of the world's editors showed on Tuesday.Photo: Reuters / Akiuntunde Akinleye
Subject: Convergence, Media - Print
The vast majority of newspaper editors worldwide are optimistic about the future of their newspapers, but they don't think of them as "print-only," having clearly accepted the multi-media revolution, according to a global survey that provides an insider's view of newsroom attitudes and strategies.
The second annual "Newsroom Barometer," conducted by Zogby International for the World Editors Forum (WEF) and Reuters, found that 85 per cent of editors are very optimistic or somewhat optimistic about the future of their newspapers. The percentage is unchanged from last year.
The survey of 704 senior editors from around the world, conducted in March 2008, found that:
86 per cent believe integrated print and online newsrooms will become the norm, and 83 per cent believe journalists will be expected to be able to produce content for all media within five years.
A majority—58 per cent—think the decline in young readership is the biggest threat for the future of newspapers.
Two-thirds believe some editorial functions will be outsourced, despite frequent newsroom opposition to the practice.
"The survey shows that editors-in-chief are already multi-media minded and that they have the capacity to carry out the transition from print-only to print and online," said Bertrand Pecquerie, Director of the World Editors Forum (WEF).
Monique Villa, Managing Director of Reuters Media said: "The 2008 Newsroom Barometer survey demonstrates continued optimism for the future of the newspaper industry, with editors ready to face the huge complexities of embracing a multimedia world.
"Reuters is delighted to be associated with this important poll for the second year in a row. With over 700 global participants, the Newsroom Barometer poll shows how change and trends are evolving in each region around the world, year on year, to build a broad overview of the state of the industry."
The survey found:
A majority of editors—56 per cent—believe news in the future will be free, up from 48 per cent from last year's survey. Only one-third believe the news will remain paid for, while 11 per cent were unsure.
A plurality—44 per cent—believe online will be the most common platform for reading news in the future, compared with 41 per cent last year. Thirty-one cited print (down from 35 per cent last year), 12 per cent mobile and 7 per cent e-paper. The rest were unsure.
35 per cent say training journalists in new media was the number one priority for investing in editorial quality. Recruiting more journalists was cited by 31 per cent, up from 22 per cent last year.
Two-thirds of respondents believe the importance of opinion and analysis pages will increase.
The results of the Newsroom Barometer survey, released at a news conference at Reuters headquarters in London on Tuesday, are contained in Trends in Newsrooms 2008, the annual WEF report on the latest editorial developments from around the world (www.trends-in-newsrooms.org). The Newsroom Barometer, a partnership among WEF, Zogby and Reuters, will be conducted annually to assess changes in attitudes and strategies in newsrooms around the world.
Date posted: May 8, 2008 Date modified: May 23, 2018 Total views: 3538
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


After so many years I am surprised the property is still going strong and very accommodating. I still prefer Harrah's over the other casino hotels. You don't get the out dated feeling like with some of the other AC casinos.
The Bed was super comfortable and the view of the water was beautiful! Had a great time!!! Love that you can watch the news from the tv in the mirror from the shower! Food was Awesome! Going back Next Month!!!
My trip to Caesars was a positive one we stayed at the Forum Tower and was very happy there. The room was clean. The water from the shower head cane out with a nice strong flow. We were fortunate enough to see the play The Sound of Music which we enjoy thoroughly. We are at the delicious buffet and had breakfast at Cafe Roma which was good as well. I just wish I would have won some money!
Caesars has friendly and professional employees. From the moment you arrive, the parking attendant,bellman and check-in is done without any problem. The rooms are clean having a generous supply of linens and bath amenities. After check-in, one is always tempted to stop and purchase a sandwich or a pastry that was freshly baked. The casino has a wide variety of slot and table games in many monetary denominations. Nero's (my favorite), Gordon Ramsey's and the Cafe offer a wide variety of fabulous food. Lastly, visit the Toga Bar for a refreshing cocktail where the bartenders are the best ! Check-out can be done from your room if you wish. I FEEL MORE LIKE FAMILY THAN A CUSTOMER AT CAESARS !!!


text:
The best books of 2020: reading thrives in a year of living cautiously
Luke Slattery
"His eyes scanned the page and his heart sought out the meaning, but his voice was silent and his tongue was still." So wrote Saint Augustine in the 4th century, such was his astonishment at the sight of Ambrose, the Bishop of Milan, reading in silence.
It was only from the 10th century onwards that reading in silence became the norm, rendering the act of reading an interior experience, privacy its precondition.
The written word has flourished in 2020 – and of course a solid bookcase will make for an on-trend backdrop for video calls. Louie Douvis
So it comes as no surprise to find that in this year of forced isolation, with the home functioning as workplace, leisure space, and fortress, reading has thrived amid a mini book-industry boom. In this year of living cautiously the written word has flourished.
In the week before the national lockdown in April, book sales in Australia increased by 35 per cent in volume and 10 per cent in value. Online purchases have been particularly buoyant, with Booktopia reporting a 28 per cent increase in new book sales during the 2020 financial year.
"Book readers have shown their love for great stories as both book reading and book buying have increased strongly," says Robert Gorman, chief of the country's largest independent publisher, Allen & Unwin. "We are anticipating an excellent Christmas."
Of course, the possession of a book isn't the same thing as possessing its contents – although a solid bookcase will make for an on-trend backdrop for Zoom calls. Still, the increase in sales is a cheering sign.
The catalogue that follows has been chosen with an emphasis on novels that resist the lure of fads and fashions – the "newest hat", as G.K Chesterton warned, is all too soon "old-fashioned" – alongside history, science and nature writing.
It's been a big year for the printed word, but a rather grim year in the wide world. With that in mind, here is a selection of books to escape to, and to escape with; books to provoke wonder, give pleasure and give hope.
Fourth Estate
It's been a long haul – almost 1000 pages to get here, the beginning of the end of the extraordinary life of Thomas Cromwell and the last of Hilary Mantel's lauded trilogy. Of course, we know that Cromwell will die soon, and the shocking manner of his downfall and dispatch. The surprise is that we still care, after another 882 pages of serial court intrigues, betrayals and beheadings. Perhaps even more surprising is that such a historically malignant and maligned character as Cromwell has, in Mantel's hands, developed such sympathetic depth and complexity.
The Mirror and the Light opens in May 1536 in a manner that is hard to forget: "Once the Queen's head is severed, he walks away. A sharp pang of appetite reminds him that it is time for a second breakfast ..." Cromwell has fixed another of King Henry VIII's marital messes, this time by orchestrating the beheading of Anne Boleyn. It's no mean feat, but Cromwell seems invincible.
In Wolf Hall and Bring up the Bodies, we have witnessed his rise from penniless runaway to earldom, chief minister and a score of titles – a figure very nearly as powerful as the King. And therein lies a drama of majestic scale and intensity.
This enormously affecting novel is written from episodes in the summer of 1986 and the autumn of 2017 and in two markedly different tones conferred by those seasons.
But such is the author's clarity of purpose – to celebrate the life of Tully Dawson, his boyhood friend – that these two halves come together into a seamless tale and a single utterance. The result is a charming and amusing and deeply moving tale that is, in part, an extended eulogy.
The story, part memoir, part fiction, takes the reader to some dark places but it is lit from within with a sunny disposition and, ultimately, a tear-filled smile. This is writing of great poise and maturity, subtly crafted and pitch perfect, about the passage of time, the universality of loss, and the constancy of love.
The Yield
Tara June Winch
Tara June Winch's Miles Franklin award-winner is a teaching in fictional form. Its world – a world apart for non-Indigenous Australians – is richly inhabited and deeply felt. Much like historian Grace Karskens' People of the River (see review in the History section, below) it is centrally concerned with Indigenous language, or languages, and their reclamation. The idea of inscribing an orally transmitted language with no written tradition, of setting it down, is of course a culturally European, and not an Indigenous, gesture. But this paradox never unsettles a story that is at once tragic and deeply sensual.
To read The Yield is to see and sense the country afresh. In the course of the novel Winch reveals a mastery of different narrative moves and registers, from the poised formality of the Reverend Ferdinand Greenleaf's letters to the impassioned word and story-gathering of Albert Goondiwindi, whose cadences and musicality are almost Joycean. Winch, like Joyce, had to leave her birthplace in order to write its story. Bilirr, Albert tells us, is the word for yellow-tailed black cockatoo – "it's a trilled sound with the tongue vibrating close to the teeth. The bilirr is a magnificent bird, strong, eagle-wise."
Esteemed Irish author John Banville – The Sea, his 15th novel, reeled in the 2005 Booker Prize – has a side hustle in crime fiction written under the nom de plume Benjamin Black. These novels he considers "cheap", though they're far from cheerful. Snow, Banville's latest, begins not only with the murder of an elderly Catholic priest, but with his macabre, and "professional" castration narrated, unnervingly, from the victim's point of view.
Banville's Black novels feature Dublin pathologist Garret Quirke, but in Snow Dr Quirke is said to be on his honeymoon and events are steered by the slightly superior, slightly troubled Detective Inspector St John (pronounced Sinjun) Strafford, who is gangly with a sharp narrow face and a manner set at a sharp angle to his world.
The story is set in 1957. The observations of character and landscape are crisp, efficient and evocative, but the conventions of the classic policier are jettisoned for something deeper: an exploration of a society rent by religious and social divisions. If the novel feels light (as a snow drift itself) that's because the author handles narrative pace so adroitly. Its true subject is not much crime and guilt as the fictional trope par excellence: memory itself.
The Fire of Joy: Roughly Eighty Poems to Get by Heart and Say Aloud
The late Clive James was, as he confesses in the acknowledgements to this miscellany of favourite verse, "some kind of memory man". This is true in a very deep sense: James set out to conquer the world of European high culture so as to inhabit it and make it his own. Cultural memory was of central importance to him as a critic, essayist and poet. It is also true in the more specific sense that animates this enchanting book; a book that is also a moving farewell.
A cherished poem, for James, was a song that "got into my head". It was memory, and memory was freedom – an escape from the prison of circumstance, of the present. This is a collection of poems "loved and learned", and James' love for them is infectious. Each poem is accompanied by a short teaching that also serves as a masterclass of concentrated criticism.
"Fluency is one thing, but too much fluency is gush," he remarks of one poet. Another "had the exuberance to make even his opacities glitter". The appreciation of Keats "can never be finished. He himself only just got started." Few Australian poets make the curriculum but there is ample compensation in a touching tribute to his homeland in a postscript titled, "Growing up in poetical Australia."
Entangled Life: How Fungi Make Our Worlds, Change Our Minds and Shape Our Futures
Merlin Sheldrake
The Bodley Head
"The more we learn about fungi, the less makes sense without them," writes Merlin Sheldrake in this masterful and mind-expanding book. Sheldrake's rather Druidic name alone might seem to qualify him to write about the magic of fungi and their relationship to other forms of life – the inter-connectedness, in essence, of nature. But so does the British biologist's academic background: he holds a PhD in tropical ecology from the University of Cambridge. He writes: "Many of the most dramatic events on Earth have been – and continue to be – a result of fungal activity. Plants only made it out of the water around 500 million years ago because of their collaboration with fungi, which served as their root systems for tens of million years until plants could evolve their own." The future, too, belongs to fungi.
Ancient Bones: Unearthing the Astonishing New Story of How We Became Human
Madelaine Bohme
"Take a moment to pay attention to your hands," implores Madelaine Böhme, a leading palaeontologist convinced that our remote hominid ancestors had a European rather than, as has long been supposed, an exclusively African origin. "It will be time well spent because they are evolutionary marvels."
These precision tools are as important for the evolution of homo sapiens as our upright gait, she argues. It's hard to imagine a reader who will not, at her urging, raise his or hand and consider it afresh as a thing of wonder. While Böhme has an evolutionary theory she wants to promote, the chief value of her book lies in the way it opens up her field to the lay person, in the process challenging old certainties "about why, how, where and when the human lineage evolved". Bohme's gift is her ability to point science in the direction of the common need to better understand our human condition – its origins and its challenges – told as a mystery story of fossilised clues and professorial sleuths.
Grace Karskens
In this superbly researched and compellingly written work of history, Grace Karskens tells of the early contact between white settlers who pushed into the Hawkesbury River basin and its original inhabitants, for whom it was Dyarubbin ("wide deep water"). It's a tale of violence and dispossession, but also resilience, continuity and adaptation and, now and then, friendship and tolerance.
The earliest history in western civilisation was told by Herodotus of Halicarnassus so that human events "do not fade with time". A similar impulse animates Karskens' Hawkesbury history, a work of recovery and restitution. She writes: "Slowly, the Aboriginal river is re-emerging, flowing once more. It has flowed into this book."
Her remarkable discovery of 170 Aboriginal place names recorded by Presbyterian minister John McGarvie in the late 1820s is at the heart of the book, as is the witness account of Nah Doongh, an Aboriginal woman who was born into in the 1800s just south of Penrith and who died in her 90s. This revelatory history is what all great books should be: a gift to its readers, and a gift to the culture.
Alaric the Goth: An Outsider's History of the Fall of Rome
Douglas Boin
A note of pathos is laced through the story of Alaric the Goth, whose "barbarian" forces poured into Rome on the night of August 24, 410, vanquishing the "Imperial city which had subdued and civilised so considerable a part of mankind" – in the words of Edward Gibbon. And so eleven hundred and sixty-three years after it was founded, Rome fell. About eight months later Alaric was dead, of fever. Douglas Boin, an academic historian and specialist in late antiquity, has grappled with the same scant historical resources as his predecessors. It's his treatment that strikes a fresh chord. Boin inflects his tale with many contemporary concerns. The borderlands are cruel places, where the slave trade is rife. Refugees seeking a better life are routinely exploited; some are disappeared. There is nary a sign of the infamous "effeminacy" of late Roman society on the empire's northern fringe. In the process, Boin invites his readers to see the Imperium astride the Tiber as Alaric, the quintessential outsider, saw it. Of course, the outsider and his "barbarians" would soon be insiders, which is part of the story.
The Passenger: Greece
Europa Editions
The title of this series might lack broad appeal – who needs another "passenger", right? – but these cultural travel guides from the Italian publishing house of Iperborea are fresh and diverting, informative and topical without being slight or ephemeral. The second in the series (the first is on Japan) focuses on Greece, the western world's first travel destination. Though aimed at the potential traveller, these beautifully produced books are pitched more to the student of culture.
Let the standfirst of one of these essays stand for the whole: "Petros Markaris, culinary enthusiast and creator of the series of detective novels featuring inspector Haritos of the Athens police, explains how eating habits have changed in Greece over the decades. In Athens, the legendary taverna, with its simple dishes and Mediterranean flavours, is growing increasingly rare as it gives way to new Greek fusion food." This supremely well-edited combination of current affairs, journalism, commentary and fun facts is perfect for our pause-button moment.
Recent Past: Writing Australian Art
Art Gallery NSW
Daniel Thomas is a distinguished art historian and writer. He was the first curator at the Art Gallery of NSW and inaugural curator of Australian art at the Australian National Gallery in Canberra. Before his retirement to Tasmania, his birthplace, he was director of the Art Gallery of South Australia. This important, and beautiful anthology of his writing covers 1958 to 2020. The idea of curatorship is overused today, but in a very real sense Thomas shaped the understanding of Australian contemporary art over a 60-year period.
Always Add Lemon
Danielle Alvarez
If only it were that simple (always add lemon) there'd be no need for cookbooks. Alvarez's first book deserves a place in the home kitchen precisely because she doesn't pretend delicious, well-prepared, thoughtful meals are simple. There are proper ways to do things and joy in making meals from scratch, and this book is a distillation of the lessons she's learnt from mentors such as Alice Waters and in her own open kitchen at Fred's in Sydney.
Her tone is approachable, her recipes satisfying – summer vegetable panzanella, duck pot pie – and her "kitchen projects" therapeutic and inspiring: how to make yoghurt and terrines, bread and pickles. This may be that rarest bird: a cookbook that's actually used.
Painting the Ancient Landscape of Australia
Philip Hughes
The work of self-taught British artist Philip Hughes is focused on landscape not so much for its picturesque as its topographical and geological qualities. Hughes' parents emigrated to Australia when he was 16 and though he stayed behind to finish his education, he visited often.
This beautiful book collates the artist's many sketches and paintings of remote Australian landscapes – executed largely in gauche, pastel and acrylic – together with maps and aerial photographs. His use of line reflects his deep interest in cartography, his response to the colours of the landscape is inspiring and revealing.
People are absent, though the human presence is felt in a Lightning Ridge mining hut, a Nullarbor train track and the open-cut Tom Price mine.
Cameron Bruhn
This impressive survey of Australian architecture in the two decades to 2020 is a must-have for architects and designers, but it's been produced with a wide readership in mind. Anyone remotely interested in the field or simply curious about how to improve an existing home – or build afresh – will find sustenance and stimulation in Bruhn's choices, which range from canonical beach houses to bold public projects. The essays raise important questions about this most social of art forms, past, present and future.
Living on Vacation: Contemporary Houses for Tranquil Living
This dreamy photographic book is based on the sound premise that most of us possess a profound urge to "pull back and retreat from our daily lives"; to escape to an idyll, a retreat, a dwelling that is in itself a piece of poetry. It showcases remote yet modestly proportioned dwellings, all contemporary and creatively designed, positioned in heroic landscapes – architect John Wardle's Bruny Island Shearers Quarters included.
Latest In Arts & Culture
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Opera is taking new forms, and its survival may depend on it
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text:
Cynaeda togoalis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Ferdinand Karsch in 1900. It is found in Togo.

References

Moths described in 1900
Odontiini

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Jim Marchant wants Assembly Speaker John Hambrick's job. The owner of a Las Vegas water and ice vending business said Thursday that hopes to run against the Republican Las Vegas assemblyman in a potential recall election.
Jim Marchant wants Assembly Speaker John Hambrick's job.
The owner of a Las Vegas water and ice vending business said Thursday that he hopes to run against the Republican Las Vegas assemblyman in a threatened recall election.
Recall organizers hoping to unseat Hambrick on Thursday announced Marchant as their preferred challenger.
Marchant said that as a small-business owner, he's concerned about Gov. Brian Sandoval's plan to increase business license fees.
"I, like most voters in Nevada, am tired of electing representatives who say one thing to get elected and do another once elected," he said.
The organizers say Hambrick has strayed from a pledge to oppose tax increases, pointing to his willingness to work with the Republican governor on his proposed $1.1 billion tax package instead of opposing it outright.
Recall organizers filed a notice of intent to recall Hambrick on Feb. 13, which allowed them to start collecting signatures in an effort to get a recall election of the District 2 assemblyman on the ballot.
Marchant, 58, moved from Florida to Las Vegas 10 years ago. He had previously supported Hambrick, he said.
Marchant, who owns Desert Ice LLC, received a degree in criminal justice in 1978 from Troy State University in Alabama, now called Troy University. Marchant hasn't served in public office before, and said he lobbied the Florida Legislaure in the 1990s against a tax on Internet access services.
When asked about his potential replacement after the Assembly floor session on Thursday, Hambrick said he has never heard of Marchant.
Hambrick, R-Las Vegas, said he has too much work to do as speaker and with his committee assignments to focus on the recall effort.
Hambrick said he will return to his district this weekend for the first time since the session began. But he won't be focusing on the recall effort, he said.
"Hopefully my constituents and friends will let their desires be known," Hambrick said.
The recall effort follows a leadership struggle between the conservative and moderate factions of the Assembly GOP caucus that emerged after Republicans gained control of both legislative chambers and swept the state constitutional officer races in the Nov. 4 election.
To get a recall election on the ballot, organizers need signatures from at least 25 percent of the registered voters who cast ballots in Hambrick's district in 2014. That comes to at least 4,116 valid signatures. Marchant will need at least 4,116 signatures too.
The law allows the recall organizers up to 90 days to collect them.
With a candidate in the running, voters interested in a recall election have two options. They can sign a petition in support of a recall election for Hambrick. Or, they could sign in support of having a recall election and putting Marchant on the ballot. Voters also can sign both forms, allowing either option to potentially move forward.
If a recall election happened without an alternate candidate, then the Clark County Commission would pick a Republican replacement if voters ousted Hambrick.
Conservative blogger and activist Chuck Muth, who doesn't live in the district, had a hand in spurring the effort, acting as the registered agent for a political action committee formed in late December to explore a potential recall. A.J. Maimbourg, a district resident, is leading the effort and says she has dozens of volunteers to collect signatures and make calls.
Hambrick was first elected to the Assembly District 2 seat in 2008.
There is no set date for the recall election, which would be scheduled as a special election only after elections officials verified signatures.
See all of our coverage: 2015 Nevada Legislature.


text:
Do birds carry Lyme disease?
By Heather Kopsco
Backed by Linda Kopsco, Jerome Pasichow, Susan Greenberg, Dana Vargo, Lisa Bracigliano, Michael Fedida, Linda Williams, Scott Pasichow, TimothyCarter, Jerry Harnik, and 72 other backersMike Mathies, Rebecca, Matthew Redding, Carolina Ibanez Ventoso, Michael Shapiro, JD Douglas, Michael Young, Denny Luan, Daniel Weiner, Steven Pasichow, Cheryl Sherman, Andrea Boylston, Carmela Mone, Stephen Hedberg, Rohana Sengupta, Tom Kopsco, Steven McRae, Molly Greenberg, Tammy Smolansky, David Applbaum, Kathleen Spadafino, Felix Vega, Laurie Finlan, Cheryl Smith, Bob Appel, Miriam L Eichler, Sally Plumb, William, Andre McGregor, Elaine Martir, Lily Miller, Megan Mucci, Joseph Allen, Susan C Nerenberg, Melissa Jones, Evelyn Pasichow Reid, Amanda Plumb, Dale Peterson, Ryan Lower, Kay Tee Wags, Judith Rendely, Cindy Wu, Valerie Kind, Oscar Jasklowski, Maria Poujai, Pim Savetmalanond, Christina May, Lia Pasichow, Craig Brady, Scott Kelton, Kyle, Emma, Elizabeth Weill-Greenberg, Doralia Castillo, Anna Doherty, Dan Murphy, Bonnie Kopsco, Sarah Klein, Alex Zozula, Vinnie Mazzei, Katie Lukshis, Matthew Smith, Barbara Gilbert, Adrian Zielinski, Elizabeth Zarillo, Dana O'Donnell, Sharon Chin, Jared Lopatin, Gustavo Recinos, Tal Beri, Marton Toth, and Courtney M. Williams
BiologyEcology
DOI: 10.18258/0698
Funded on 9/17/13
Successfully Funded
pledged
on 9/17/13
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Cite this project:
Do birds carry Lyme disease? Kopsco, Heather.. , 14 Jun 2013. Experiment. doi: 10.18258/0698
?How does this work?
Lab Notes (14)
Although Lyme is considered to be endemic only in Europe and the northeastern and midwestern United States, people throughout the US and the world are suffering with this debilitating illness. This research seeks to find out how common it is for birds in the wild to be carriers of the Lyme disease bacteria which would shed light on their role in the spread of Lyme via their movement and migrations.
Ask the Scientists
What is the context of this research?
Recent evidence demonstrates that wild birds are capable of and are actively transporting ticks and their associated diseases geographically during migrations (Anderson and Magnarelli 1984; Comstedt et al. 2006; Hamer et al. 2012). Further, research has also shown that a number of species exhibit reservoir competency, meaning that they are able to contract Borrelia burgdorferi infection and transmit it to uninfected ticks that parasitize them for a blood meal.
Since ground-feeding species such as northern cardinals, gray catbirds, song sparrows, and American robins spend significant time foraging for food at the optimal questing height for ticks, they are excellent opportunistic hosts, and have all demonstrated the ability to infect larval ticks with the Borrelia upon their first blood meal (Ginsberg et al. 2005). Additionally, birds with latent Borrelia infections and bacteria at undetectable levels can experience an infection reactivation when exposed to stressful situations (e.g. migration, lack of food, predators), once again positioning them in a role to transmit the pathogen to parasitizing ticks (Gylfe and Bergstrom 2000). The evidence for a significant avian role in the ecology of Lyme disease-causing pathogens is strong.
For this project, we seek to establish whether or not different species of birds in New Jersey, a human Lyme infection hotspot reporting over 3,000 cases of Lyme per year, are actively harboring Borrelia burgdoferi sensu lato (NJ DOH 2012). We will be collecting both blood and tick samples from birds that will be analyzed for Borrelia DNA via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to determine if these animals have ever been carriers of the disease. We have chosen to examine native populations as well as migratory species because research has shown that residents can maintain tick populations (Anderson and Magnarelli 1984), and thus could be harboring the ticks that contribute to the high levels of disease presence seen in the human population in this area. It is also crucial to determine the presence of these bacteria in New Jersey's migratory populations given the importance of NJ as a stop-over location.
What is the significance of this project?
Lyme disease is one of the fastest growing and is the most commonly reported vectorborne illnesses in the United States with estimates of 300,000 people infected annually (CDC 2013). Lyme is an incredibly complex illness that classically first presents with flu-like fatigue, joint and muscle aches, and the "bulls-eye" rash. It is usually cured if caught in this early stage. However, less than 50% of people infected with Lyme report noticing a rash (which isn't always a "bulls-eye"), and the flu-like symptoms can be mild or nonexistent. Disseminated and late-stage Lyme disease can present in a myriad of ways including facial paralysis (Bell's palsy), neurological problems, gastrointestinal issues, cardiac manifestations, and psychological conditions. Often, because these signs and symptoms are so diverse and vague, people infected with Lyme are misdiagnosed with conditions like chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), fibromyalgia, Alzheimer's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS), delaying their antibiotic treatment and making overall treatment far more difficult. Untreated, Lyme can be debilitating and even fatal. Routine blood tests for Lyme only search for antibodies, not the actual pathogen, so results are often inaccurate and unreliable (ELISA is less than 50% sensitive). Currently, only the Northeastern US and Europe are considered to be endemic and western and southern states, and other countries are often thought to be "free" of Lyme disease. Since It is a difficult disease to diagnose as well as treat, it is crucial to understand every aspect of its ecology, that is, how the disease interacts with and is spread via animal hosts. If we find that birds in New Jersey are actively carrying the bacteria, it provides further evidence that this disease is very easily capable of being spread both locally and long-distances, i.e. to other states and countries. Lyme disease has become a very public and political issue due ultimately to a lack of research, so we feel that this is a great question to investigate right now. The project is also a personal one; those of us on the research team have be infected with Lyme on a number of occasions, and know many others that have been sickened with this illness.
Please see the following links for more information on Lyme disease:
Lyme Disease Association: http://www.lymediseaseassociation.org/
Basic Information about Lyme Disease by International Lyme And Associated Diseases Society: http://www.ilads.org/lyme_disease/about_lyme.html
Lyme and Tick-Borne Diseases Research at Columbia: http://www.columbia-lyme.org
What are the goals of the project?
The funds raised will go directly to purchasing field equipment for collecting tick and bird blood samples during the summer and fall. After field samples have been collected, the funds will also cover the costs of the laboratory component of the project. We will be analyzing blood and tick samples for the Borrelia bacteria by use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
This budget will cover the costs of the field and laboratory materials.
Heather Kopsco
Ph.D. candidate in ecology (anticipated graduation Dec. 2019)
Team Bio
I am a full time graduate student studying ecology and evolution at Montclair State University, in Montclair, NJ, and will be serving as a graduate teaching assistant come this fall. In addition to my roles as a student, I recently interned with Conserve Wildlife Foundation of New Jersey. Our projects included ranavirus sampling, bat acoustic monitoring, as well as public outreach and intervention in cases where bats have roosted in homes and private buildings. My research interests are diverse, but birds and zoonotic diseases (those that are capable of spreading between non-human animals and humans) really excite me. You want to talk Lyme or avian flu? Better clear out the next few hours of your schedule. My other interests include hiking and traveling with my husband, birding, gardening, food, animal rescue and rehabilitation, and my pit bull mix, Isis.
I am a PhD candidate in ecology at the University of Rhode Island, where I work on communication theory-based tick-borne disease prevention programs, including conducting an evaluation of the first digital crowd-sourced tick surveillance program, TickSpotters. I work with the Center for Vector-borne Disease on a variety of public outreach projects, as as well assisting with field work.
I earned my masters at Montclair State University where I researched the role New Jersey birds (resident and migratory) play in the enzootic cycle of Lyme disease.
My interests include vector-borne/zoonotic disease ecology, science communication, and applying a One Health approach to mitigating disease transmission and outbreaks.
14 Lab Notes Posted
Final Lab Results and New Beginnings
More results!
*drum roll* Preliminary Results!
New York Academy of Science
Star Ledger
Project Backers
82Backers
100%Funded
$8,000Total Donations
$97.50Average Donation


The DAV BG6 is a stereo compressor and limiter featuring Decca 1977 circuitry. The BG6 has extremely low noise and distortion and has adjustable threshold and gain controls on the front panel as well as a 4 LED meter which displays the amount of gain reduction. The front panel is also home to a bypass switch, compressor/limiter switch and a recovery time switch capable of either 3 seconds of 0.3 seconds.


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Ex-Black Sabbath Singer Tony Martin Thinks Glenn Hughes Would Crush Him With His Voice
Elif Ozden
Former Black Sabbath lead singer Tony Martin recently joined Friday 13th Zine for an interview during which he revealed that he believes Glenn Hughes is capable of crushing him with his vocals.
Soon after he joined the band in 1985 and they decided to embark on a world tour, Glenn Hughes got into a bar fight with Sabbath's manager John Downing, which resulted in splintering his orbital bone. This affected his singing ability, and Sabbath decided to recruit Ray Gillen to continue the tour.
When Black Sabbath was recording their 1987's 'The Eternal Idol,' they brought Tony Martin to re-record Ray Gillen's tracks as he abruptly left the band. They also had contacted him to replace Glenn Hughes a year before. They released the album on December 8, 1987, but it received mixed reviews.
Martin got dismissed from the band in 1990, but he rejoined them in 1991 and between 1993 and 1997. In an interview with Friday 13th Zine, he revealed his thoughts on Sabbath's former frontman Glenn Hughes and said he knows the musician quite well. He then added that he thinks he can't get close to Hughes' musicianship.
Moreover, the interview host said an album featuring the two would be unique as they both have distinctive voices. As a response, Martin jokingly said Hughes would crush him with his voice in a possible collaboration.
During the conversation Friday 13th Zine's host asked Tony Martin the following:
"Have you actually thought of doing anything with him, like an album together?"
As a response, Martin said:
"Yeah. I mean, I know Glenn quite well, and every time we meet up, it's all very friendly. We hang out for a bit, but we're not close enough to say we're best friends or anything. I don't think I could match him, honestly. I couldn't get close to him."
The host then continued:
"I think it'd be a unique album because you've got a unique voice, but no one turned him out in singing. When I put one of these guest albums like 'Free Fall,' we know when Tony's voice comes on. So, you and Glenn Hughes have got a distinct voice."
Martin responded:
"Yeah, I think he would crush me. Honestly, I think I would just walk out sulking or something."
You can watch the full interview below.
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The location is very peaceful and off the beaten path but still close enough to restaurants and places of interest - a great atmosphere if you are looking for a relaxed and peaceful vacation. We had an issue with broken patio umbrellas but the management company took immediate action - they were great to deal with.
Our stay was very relaxing and the property is very private with a wonderful pool. As always, the agents were very helpful and made our stay an enjoyable one.
We really enjoyed everything about this stay. The home itself and the property it is on are just lovely. The location is perfect -- secluded, quiet, yet close to town. My only complaints at all were small: picking up the keys in Easton was inconvenient; the kitchen cookware is slightly understocked, and for the price of the rental, providing only two rolls of toilet paper is just downright silly. At the very least all the bathrooms should be supplied. But, we enjoyed our stay very much and are ready to book again for next year!
This home is beautiful - well equipped and kept, nicely decorated. Would definitely stay again.
I agree with other reviewers, the kitchen supplies are lacking, especially for a house that can hold so many people. Also, the fridge is rather small. The location, while being private, is a little misleading from the photos. Most of the 25 acres is covered with tall grasses and old falling apart barns/sheds. We had 3 dogs that thoroughly enjoyed their time, and were able to find paths to swim in the bay. Overall we had a great stay, but a little paint and spackeling would go a long way to spruce up the insides. Any time we needed to reach a rental employee (our hot water was out after business hours) they called back almost immediately and were always very helpful. If you can get a good deal on this property then I would recommend staying.
Stayed at Colstons Cove Farmhouse in September, 2012 for 7 nights. This is a very comfortable house. The property is lovely and private. We saw a bald eagle on numerous occasions fishing in the cove. I would definitely rent this house again.
Location could not be beat for this house. Water views from every window. Awesome dock for crabbing, fishing. Cove great for boating, kayaking and paddle boarding. The pool was great. Big enough for all 10 of us to enjoy, but not the cleanest. Pool didn't seem to have been cleaned before our stay and wasn't cleaned while we were there. We expect to skim off bugs daily but had a lot of foliage accumulated on the bottom. The house has great family space, large open family room with tv and dvd player. Kitchen was nice but not well equipped. Only two pots and a few cookie sheets. We made do but did consider buying another pot while we were there. Bedrooms were a nice size and seperate from each other for a bit of privacy. Virtual tour labels the three large beds as kings, but they are not. One king, one queen and one double. Two twin beds were perfect for the kids. The pull out couch is a queen but didn't have any sheets. The third floor was really cute but a bit hot. Overall, the house was a good layout for a couple of families together. The location was great.
This is exactly what we were looking for! No noise, just a place to sit and watch the world go by. The house was fantastic. The housekeeping service needs to pay more attention to cleaning under things instead of around them. Small item, but important.
The house is very nice, as described with pool and dock. The pool was full of debris from a recent storm but the property manager did come out to clean the pool when the regular company got behind and couldnt make it so that was nice. He also came out to change an outdoor flood light and then again to reprogram the oven (all of a sudden it didnt want to bake or broil) which was appreciated.The house is in a pleasant location otherwise and is peaceful and private. The air conditioning was working well thank goodness as it was a very hot week high 90s to 103.The second tv was not connected to anything and did not have a remote so we only had one working tv so it was a little dicey with 6 adults and 4 kids to find a channel that everyone was happy with. Good thing we brought lots of board games.We also had a slight problem with black wasps and killed around 30 the first day and had to spray every day up in the bedrooms.But on the whole we enjoyed the house and our time on the bay and everyday in the pool. The large dining room table was great so that all 10 of us could fit around it for meals. The yard was spacious and our dogs enjoyed going on walks around the property.
We loved our stay. The house, grounds and amenities are fantastic.
Property was beautiful with views of the sunrise and sunset. The dogs loved the proximity to the creek. Although the photos don't show it, there is a path beside the dock so that dogs (who like to swim) can easily access the water.
Overall very nice. Few problems .. the kitchen sink faucet now has 3 holes ( reported last year as 2 holes ) The place also had a look of low up-keep this year -- several low hanging branches over the drive which left some marks on the roof of our SUV, all the scrubs needed a trim and the house was not as clean this year. We also had several calls to show the house which my wife refused, feeling it was a real inconvenience. The limbs were removed on Mon. after a call in on Friday. We came a day early this year which was nice. Glad we were given the chance. We would perfer to go back to a Sun / Sun rental as it meant kids had to take 2 Sat. off work. Still we all like the setting.
Had a great weekend with great friends. Perfect place to go to get away from the city for a long weekend and just relax.
It was a great house for our family to rent - we had 4 adults, and 6 kids ranging from 3 - 10 in age. There were some issues with dust and dog hair around and the vacuum did not work well, but other than that it was great.
Good experience and very enjoyable. Had a good times hanging out with friends near the water and building a fire. Very spacious home as well.
Went for a winter weekend birthday celebration with some close family and our dog. The place had everything we needed. Great kitchen/living space with a view of the bay, and the house had everything you could need, including grills, fireplaces, lounge chairs, etc. The house is very spacious, and the grounds are beautiful, even in December. Highly recommend for anyone looking for a quiet getaway.
This location suited our family perfectly. Plenty of space to spread out and yet the open floor concept allowed everyone to be together... Access to water for boating and kayaking was convenient too. The drawbacks were difficult access to the sandy beach area, master suite sitting area was a walk in closet, boat lift was 'shaky', and fruit flies were everywhere... These were minor inconveniences though and we really enjoyed ourselves.
Lovely house with plenty of room to spread out. Unfriendly next door neighbor & very long gravel road to property were the only negatives.
We enjoyed the house immensely. We caught tons of fish and crabs and the location is very private. It is also convenient to all the Eastern shore offers. We went to Ocean City, Annapolis, and did antiqueing in Cambridge and Easton. It was a very enjoyable and relaxing vacation. Nobody does it better than Eastern Shore Vacation Rentals......Thanks!!
This was our second trip to Cod's Point. The house is roomy and bright with everything we need. The view is great and peaceful, the cove has a sandy bottom for good swimming. Crabbing was great. We had family from 90+s to 20-somethings (and dogs_ visit on various days, and it was perfect. Lots of room. Only drawbacks were the distance from town and poor internet connection. Other than that, we love it and will be back!
We HAD A WONDERFUL TIME. THE HOUSE WAS PERFECT FOR A RELAXING VACATION.
Cods Point is a fantastic place. The waterfront view was beautiful. We brought two dogs on the trip and they had a great time running and swimming on the property. The kayaking is nice. We saw lots of blue herring and osprey. The property is beautiful. The house is well maintained and spacious. I would definitely recommend staying here if you are looking for some peace and quiet. Wonderful time. Can't say enough good things about the property managers as well. Very accommodating and friendly.


General Information: Country: Spain; Environment: Fresh water, Marine; Isolation: Surface sediment in harbor of Palma de Mallorca harbor; Temp: Mesophile; Temp: 28C. Ferrimonas balearica was isolated from harbor sediment from Palma de Mallorca, Spain. This organism is able to reduce iron.


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text:
Národní přírodní rezervace Praděd se rozkládá ve vrcholových partiích a příkrých svazích Hrubého Jeseníku (820–1490,8 m n. m.). Ráz krajiny je velmi rozmanitý. Přechází od říčních údolí Bílé Opavy až k přirozenému horskému bezlesí s četnými mrazovými sruby a karovými uzávěry údolí. Nejvyšší vrcholy Jeseníků představují zachovalou přírodu typu severské tundry, na kterých přežívají poslední zbytky endemických druhů rostlin, které vyžadují přirozené horské bezlesí či časté disturbance způsobované lavinami. Díky velké diverzitě biotopů, dlouhodobému kontinuálnímu postglaciálnímu vývoji a stálému působení mimořádných ekologických faktorů (geologické podloží, vodní eroze aj.) vznikla na území Velké kotliny a Malé kotliny unikátní diverzita druhů.

Předmětem ochrany je soubor celostátně unikátních a mimořádně zachovaných přírodních ekosystémů alpínského, subalpínského a montánního stupně a významných geomorfologických jevů, vzniklých kryogenní genezí.

Lokalita
Národní přírodní rezervace Praděd je nejrozsáhlejší rezervací v CHKO Jeseníky i v celé ČR. Její rozloha činí 2031,40 ha. Leží na hranici mezi Olomouckým a Moravskoslezským krajem, která je zároveň rozvodí Moravy a Odry. Taky je totožná s historickým rozdělením panství Janovice a Loučná. Rezervace se nachází v oblasti Pradědské hornatiny, která je součástí Hrubého Jeseníku. Nejvyšším vrcholem je Praděd (1490,8 m n. m.), který je zároveň nejvyšší horou celé Moravy. Severně leží obec Bělá pod Pradědem, na východě pak Karlova Studánka, směrem na západ leží obec Loučná nad Desnou. Hlavní hřeben přechází přes hory Malý Děd – Praděd – Petrovy kameny – Vysoká hole – Kamzičník – Velký Máj – Jelení hřbet. Na tento hřeben navazuje ze západu Česnekový důl a Divoký důl, na východě potom Bílá Opava, Velká kotlina a Malá kotlina.

Historie
Oblast Velké kotliny byla už na počátku 19. století považována botaniky za velmi cennou lokalitu. I přesto však v letech 1919–1922 bylo území Vysoké Hole včetně Velké kotliny využíváno jako dopadová plocha pro dělostřelecká cvičení československé armády. Výsledkem toho byla rozsáhlá devastace tohoto biologicky cenného horského území. Roku 1946 bylo území Velké kotliny stanoveno a vyhlášeno jako přísná reservace. Následně pak roku 1955 přibyly další, a to Státní přírodní rezervace (SPR) Vrchol Pradědu díky jeho typickým vysokohorským holím, SPR Velký Kotel a SPR Malý Kotel pro pestrou botanickou diverzitu, SPR Divoký důl pro strmá údolí ve skalách s autochtonními porosty a SPR Petrovy kameny s unikátními vysokohorskými společenstvy rostlin a živočichů. Roku 1963 byla jako poslední vyhlášena SPR Bílá Opava. Důvodem jejího vyhlášení byly jedny z nejzachovalejších přirozených smrkových pralesů v České republice. 14. prosince 1990 pak spojením těch státních přírodních rezervací vznikla národní přírodní rezervace NPR Praděd.

Lesní hospodářství zde sloužilo do 17. století jen pro potřebu místních panství. S příchodem průmyslu se však situace změnila. Velký podíl na spotřebě dřeva měly železárny na Janovickém a později i Bruntálském panství. Pro umožnění dopravy dřeva po vodě byl upraven tok Bílé Opavy. Vlivem těžby zaměřené na určité druhy dřeva došlo ke změnám druhového zastoupení dřevin. Zvýšilo se zastoupení jehličnanů oproti listnáčům, lesy se staly více stejnorodé. Došlo k potlačení bučin, které byly nahrazovány smrkovými monokulturami. Po vyčerpání zásob v přístupných polohách pokračovala holá těžba do vyšších poloh. Snaha o umělou obnovu lesa se začala objevovat až v 19. století, a navíc nevhodnými dřevinami domácího i alpského původu (především borovice kleč a limba). Největší zalesňovací práce probíhaly na přelomu 19. a 20. století. Lesníci byli přesvědčení, že především vlivem pastvy došlo k výraznému poklesu horní hranice lesa, a že díky vysazování borovice kleče a limby mohou tuto hranici zvýšit. (Podle dosavadních vědeckých výzkumů v Jeseníkách kleč nikdy nerostla.) To však má až do dnešních dnů neblahé účinky na druhy, které přirozené bezlesí vyžadují a kosodřevina jim jejich přirozené prostředí zabírá. Dalším důvodem pro výsadbu byla snaha zabránit erozi půdy a sněhovým lavinám. Vzhledem k obtížnému obhospodařování vysokých poloh se nechaly tyto porosty růst bez zásahu. Výsledkem toho jsou dnešní staré nestabilní monokultury, neodolné proti biotickým i abiotickým činitelům.

Nejstarší budovou na území NPR Praděd je Švýcárna, postavená roku 1829. Jejím účelem bylo zavedení pastvy hovězího dobytka po švýcarském způsobu. Pastva pravděpodobně udržovala druhovou pestrost holí a v současnosti se proto přistupuje k jejímu rozšíření. (Na Švýcárně se pase skot od roku 2012.) Dalším objektem sloužícím pro chov tentokrát především ovcí, byla Ovčárna. (Pastva ovcí byla obnovena v roce 2015.) V roce 1866 byla po bitvě u Hradce Králové využívána jako velitelské stanoviště poražených Rakušanů. Koncem 19. století pastva postupně upadala a budovy postavené pro pastevce se začaly využívat jako turistické chaty. Během obou světových válek však opět sloužily pro vojenské účely. V průběhu druhé světové války byly vystavěny další objekty, chata Barborka a Kurzovní. V současné době chaty slouží turistům.

Vrchol Pradědu je jakožto nejvyšší vrchol Moravy oblíbeným cílem turistů. Z toho důvodu se na přelomu 19. a 20. století začaly objevovat snahy o vybudování rozhledny na tomto vrcholu. Stavba byla zahájena 30. června 1904 a dokončena v červenci 1914. Tato první podoba rozhledny na Pradědu měla podobu kamenné věže. Byla 32,5 metrů vysoká a 14,5 metrů široká. Ke stavbě bylo použito materiálu z nedalekých Tabulových skal. Tento stavební materiál se však ukázal jako nevhodný do místních klimatických podmínek a kámen se začal drolit. Dalším důvodem chátrání rozhledny byla první světová válka, během které o budovu nikdo nepečoval. Během druhé světové války využívali rozhlednu Němci pro meteorologické účely a letecká pozorování. Po skončení války se začala plánovat rekonstrukce již velmi zchátralé rozhledny. Roku 1957 musela být budova pro svůj špatný stav z bezpečnostních důvodů uzavřena a roku 1959, dřív než rekonstrukce započala, se budova zřítila. Byla tedy naplánována stavba nová, která započala roku 1968. Tentokrát už se však jednalo o moderní vysílač, který měl pokrýt poptávku po rostoucím televizním vysílání. Z důvodu stavby byla zřízena asfaltová silnice, která vede z Ovčárny až k vrcholu Pradědu, která je dnes užívána pro zásobování. Celková výška vysílače je v současné době 162 metrů. V dolní části rozhledny se nachází restaurace a hotel. Ve výšce 73 metrů se nachází vyhlídka, která za jasného počasí umožňuje vidět Sněžku, Lysou Horu, vzácně i Vysoké Tatry na Slovensku. Vrchol věže je nejvyšším pevným vrcholem České republiky; dosahuje nadmořské výšky 1637 m n. m. a leží tedy výše než vrchol Sněžky.

Přírodní poměry

Geologie
Geologické podloží tvoří především silikátové horniny (migmatit, rula, svor, kvarcit, fylit) prekambrijského stáří. Oblast spadá do regionu silesika, moravskoslezské oblasti, soustavy krystalinika a prevariského paleozoika. Převážná část pohoří je tvořena metamorfovanými horninami desenské klenby. Vrchol Pradědu je tvořen fylonitem (konkrétně biotit-chlorit-muskovitický fylonitem), který se táhne i dál na sever a na východ ke Kamzičí chatě. Vysoká Hole, Malý a Velký Děd jsou tvořeny kamenitým až hlinitokamenitým sedimentem z kvartéru, ovšem úplné vrcholy Malého i Velkého Děda jsou pokryté rašelinou z holocénu. Jižně od Vysoké hole, přes Kamzičník až Velkému Máji převažuje fylit až svor místy s grafitem. Petrovy kameny jsou tvořeny metagranitoidem. Okolí Barborky a Ovčárny pokrývá biototická a muskovit-biotitická rula. Nejrozšířenějším typem půd je modální podzol, který pokrývá zhruba 70% území. Vrcholové oblasti jsou pokryté půdou typu ranker.

Geomorfologie

Vzhled krajiny byl morfován během pleistocénu. Mrazovým zvětráváním tak vznikl tor Petrových kamenů (1447 m n.m.), kolem kterého se nacházejí polygonální (strukturní) půdy. Na západní a severozápadní straně Petrových kamenů je vytvořen mrazový srub a kryoplanační terasy. Dalším jevem, který dokazuje existenci dlouhodobě zamrzajících půd jsou thufury na Pradědu. Působení horského ledovce dalo vzniknout karoidu Malé kotliny a karu Velké kotliny, v němž pramení řeka Moravice. Na dně karu jsou stále patrné zbytky morény. Velký vliv hraje také anemo-orografický systém. Dochází k ukládání velkého množství sněhu v závětří, což vede ke sjíždění lavin po příkrém svahu. Tyto podmínky nedovolí růst zapojenému lesu a poskytují tak prostor pro mnoho bylinných rostlin. K útvarům vzniklým mrazovým zvětráváním patří skalní ledovec pod vrcholem Suť, který se skládá z úlomků bloků křemenců. Na vrcholu Vysoké hole je vytvořena výrazná vrcholová plošina, v horní části svahu se pak nacházejí mrazové sruby a srázy. Směrem do Medvědího dolu se nachází balvanové proudy, nejrozsáhlejší v NPR Praděd.

Hydrologie
Oblastí NPR Praděd prochází hranice povodí Odry a Moravy. Hlavní rozvodnice prochází napříč územím po hlavním hřebeni. Jedním z nejvýznamnějších pramenů je pramen Bílé Opavy, která se nachází v sedle mezi Petrovými kameny a Pradědem v nadmořské výšce 1280 m n. m. Dalšími významnými prameny jsou pramen řeky Moravice, který je zhruba 3 km od Pradědu, pramen Divoké Desné, která pramení na svahu Kamzičníku, nebo pramen Středí Opavy. V blízkosti Pradědu pramení Česnekový potok, který postupuje Česnekovým dolem a vlévá se do Divoké Desné za dolní nádrží Dlouhých Strání. Mezi menší toky patří Sviní potok, Malý a Velký Dědův potok, Zámecký potok, Kotelný potok a Volárka.

Velký význam mají vrcholová a sedlová rašeliniště.

Klimatologie

NPR Praděd představuje vrcholové partie Hrubého Jeseníku, kde je možnost mrazů po celý rok. Teploty nižší než 0 °C byly naměřeny i v červenci a srpnu. Průměrná roční teplota je pouze 1,3 °C. Léto je v této oblasti velmi krátké, chladné a vlhké, zima naopak dlouhá, velmi chladná a s velmi dlouhým trváním sněhové pokrývky, která kulminuje zpravidla v březnu a dosahuje v průměru 160 cm. Na vrcholu Pradědu trvá sněhová pokrývka v dlouhodobém průměru od 30. listopadu do 19. dubna Ale v hluboce zaříznutých kotlinách může sníh setrvávat až do července. Pro tyto kotliny (Velká kotlina, Malá kotlina aj.) jsou během zimních období charakteristické laviny. Vzhledem k vysoké nadmořské výšce patří vrchol Pradědu k největrnějším místům ČR, průměrná síla větru zde dosahuje 7,6 m/s. Bezvětří je na Pradědu zaznamenáno průměrně jen 5,5 dne v roce. Typické pro tyto vysokohorské oblasti jsou mlhy, které se vyskytují kolem 294 dní v roce.

Flóra
NPR Praděd představuje širokou škálu biotopů, například subalpínská prameniště, otevřená vrchoviště, vyfoukané alpínské trávníky, sněhová výležiska, subalpínské vysokostébelné trávníky a nivy, skalní vegetace sudetských karů, acidofilní vegetace alpínských skal, subalpínské smilkové trávníky nebo rašelinné smrčiny. Velká různorodost biotopů dala vzniknout celé řadě endemických druhů.

V okolí Petrových kamenů jsou hned dva endemické druhy. Je to lipnice jesenická (Poa riphaea) a zvonek jesenický (Campanula gelida). Pro tuto oblast jsou typické vyfoukávané trávníky, na nichž se vyskytují mechy a lišejníky, sítina trojklaná (Juncus trifidus), ostřice Bigelowova (Carex bigelowii), kostřava nízká (Festuca supina) a jestřábník alpský (Hieracium alpinum). Dalšími významnými druhy této lokality jsou řeřišnice rýtolistá (Cardamine resedifolia), vrba bylinná (Salix herbacea) a sasanka narcisokvětá(Anemone narcissiflora).

Floristicky nejvýznamnější lokalitou je Velká kotlina, která díky specifickým podmínkám dala vzniknout mnoha endemickým druhům rostlin a patří mezi evropsky významné lokality. Je uváděno, že zde roste kolem 480 druhů rostlin. Endemickými druhy jsou jitrocel černavý sudetský (Plantago atrata subsp. sudetica) a hvozdík kartouzek sudetský (Dianthus carthusianorum subsp. sudeticus). Dalšími vzácnými druhy jsou hvozdík pyšný alpínský (Dianthus superbus subsp. alpestris), devaterník velkokvětý tmavý (Helianthemum grandiflorum subsp. grandiflorum), violka žlutá sudetská (Viola lutea subsp. sudetica), škarda sibiřská (Crepis sibirica), šabřina tatarská (Conioselinum tataricum), vzácněji pak oměj šalamounek sudetský (Aconitum plicatum subsp. sudeticum), kopyšník tmavý (Hedysarum hedysaroides), mateřídouška ozdobná sudetská (Thymus pulcherrimus subsp. sudeticus), lipnice alpská (Poa riphaea), psineček alpský (Agrostis alpina), hvězdnice alpská (Aster alpinus), ostřice pochvatá (Carex vaginata), hořec jarní (Gentiana verna), zvonek okrouhlolistý sudetský (Campanula rotundifolia subsp. sudetica) a mázdřinec rakouský (Pleurospermum austriacum) a mnoho dalších.

Také v Malé kotlině se nacházejí vzácné druhy rostlin, například kropenáč vytrvalý (Swertia perennis), huseník sudetský (Arabis sudetica), hlavinka horská (Traunsteinera globosa), mázdřinec rakouský (Pleurospermum austriacum), hladýš andělikový (Laseripitium archangelica) a nově popsaný endemický poddruh pupava Bierbesteinova sudetská (Carlina biebersteinii subsp. sudetica).

Dalšími významnými druhy celé oblasti, které si vyžadují ochranu jsou například běloprstka bělavá (Pseudorchis albida), bradáček srdčitý (Listera cordata), hořec panonský (Gentiana pannonica), hořec tečkovaný (Gentiana punctata), jalovec obecný nízký (Juniperus communis subsp. alpina), jednokvítek velekvětý (Moneses uniflora), jestřábník huňatý (Hieracium villosum), kamzičník rakouský (Doronicum austriacum), kapradina hrálovitá (Polystichum lobatum), klikva bahenní (Oxycoccus palustris), koprníček bezobalný (Ligusticum mutellina), korálice trojklaná (Corallorhiza trifida), kyhanka sivolistá (Andromeda polifolia), lilie zlatohlavá(Lilium martagon), lomikámen vždyživý (Saxifraga paniculata), měsíčnice vytrvalá (Lunaria rediviva), oměj pestrý (Aconitum variegatum), oměj vlčí mor pravý (Aconitum lycoctonum (vulparia)), ostřice Buxbaumova (Carex buxbaumii), ostřice bažinná (Carex limosa), ostřice tmavá (Carex atrata), pětiprstka žežulník (Gymnadenia conopsea), plavuň pučivá (Lycopodium annotinum), plavuník alpínský (Diphasiastrum alpinum), plavuník zploštělý (Diphasiastrum complanatum), prstnatec májový pravý (Dactylorhiza majalis subsp. majalis), prstnatec Fuchsův (Dactylorhiza fuchsii), rosnatka okrouhlolistá (Drosera rotundifolia), řeřišnice hořká Opizova (Cardamine amara subsp. opizii), stračka vyvýšená (Delphinium elatum), suchopýrek alpský (Trichophorum alpinum), šicha oboupohlavná (Empetrum hermafroditum), tolie bahenní (Parnassia palustris), tučnice obecná (Pinquicula vulgaris), vemeníček zelený (Coeloglossum viride), vemeník dvoulistý (Platanthera bifolia), vranec jedlový (Huperzia selago), vraneček brvitý (Selaginella selaginoides), vratička měsíční (Botrychium lunária), vrba laponská (Salix lapponum), vrba rozmarýnolistá (Salix rosmarinifolia), zvonečník hlavatý horský (Phyteuma orbiculare subsp. montanum) a zvonek vousatý (Campanula barbata).

V NPR Praděd se také vyskytuje řada ohrožených druhů hub. Byl zde zaznamenán výskyt dvou zvláště chráněných druhů hub – bolinka černohnědá (Camarops tubulina) a šťavnatka smrková (Hygrophorus piceae). Mezi kriticky ohrožené druhy patří vláknice štětinatá (Inocybe hystrix), pindarovka zemní (Pindara terrestris) a šupinovka elegantní (Pholiota elegans).

Fauna
Oblast NPR Praděd je významná také výskytem vzácných druhů živočichů. Unikátní lokalitou je opět Velká kotlina. Zde bylo popsáno několik nových druhů bezobratlých živočichů, kteří se v rámci ČR vyskytují pouze ve Velké kotlině, například střevlíček Paradromius strigiceps nebo nosatec Ranunculiphilus pseudinclemens. Indikátorem původních klimaxových vysokohorských smrčin je tesařík čtyřpásý Cornumutila quadrivittata. Mezi další vzácné druhy, které jsou indikátory zachovalého přírodního prostředí patří drabčík Gabrius tirolensis, hnojník Aphodius limbolarius, z mandelinkovitých Smaragdina diversipes, zástupce mrchožroutovitých Silpha tyrolensis. Nový rod chvostoskoků, který zde byl objeven, byl pojmenován Jesenikia. Endemickým druhem motýla je vysokohorský okáč sudetský Erebia sudetica subsp. sudetica, který je ohrožen zarůstáním biotopu klečí. Dalšími druhy obývajícími vysokohorské hole, které jsou navržené na endemický status, jsou Erebia epiphron subsp. silesiana, osenice lesní Diarsia mendica, Sparganotis rubicundana, Epichnopterix ardua. Častými druhy, avšak stále chráněnými druhy jsou mravenec Formica lugubris a střevlík Carabus variolosus variolosus.

Pro bezobratlé živočichy žijící v alpínském bezlesí představují největší ohrožení porosty borovice kleče. Ty těmto druhům živočichů zmenšují životní prostor a zároveň fragmentují krajinu, čímž brání genetické výměně jednotlivých mikropopulací.

Zástupcem obratlovců je ropucha obecná (Bufo bufo), čolek horský (Triturus alpestris), ještěrka živorodá (Lacerta vivipara) nebo zmije obecná (Vipera berus).

I přes nepříznivé klima klima alpínského bezlesí se zde vyskytuje několik druhů ptactva, kterých však neustále ubývá vlivem antropogennímu rozmachu v krajině. Mezi kriticky ohrožené druhy patří sokol stěhovavý (Falco peregrinus), který využívá k hnízdění skalní římsy. Zaznamenán zde byl i kriticky ohrožený slavík modráček tundrový (Luscinia svecica svecica) nebo kulík hnědý (Eudromias morinellus), který je ohrožen kvůli neustále se zvyšujícímu tlaku člověka jeho stanoviště – arktoalpínská bezlesí. Vzácným a postupně mizejícím kriticky ohroženým druhem je tetřev hlušec (Tetrao urogallus) a tetřívek obecný (Tetrao tetrix). Silně ohroženými druhy jsou bělořit šedý (Oenanthe oenanthe), linduška horská (Anthus spinoletta), jejíž populace výrazně klesá, pěvuška podhorní (Prunella collaris), čáp černý (Ciconia nigra), jeřábek lesní (Tetrastes bonasia), pro kterého byla vyhlášena spolu s chřástalem polním Ptačí oblast Jeseníky, kos horský (Turdus torquatus), lejsek malý (Ficedula parva), sýc rousný (Aegolius funereus). Druhy vyskytující se zde spíš ojediněle jsou bramborníček hnědý (Saxicola rubetra), cvrčilka slavíková (Locustella luscinioides), hýl rudý (Carpodacus erythrinus), krkavec velký (Corvus corax), ořešník kropenatý (Nucifraga caryocatactes) a strakapoud prostřední (Dendrocopus medius).

Ze savců patří k ohroženým druhům rys ostrovid (Lynx lynx), z drobných živočichů myšivka horská (Sicista betulina), rejsek horský (Sorex alpinus) a plch lesní (Dryomys nitedula), kterým ubývá jejich přirozené stanoviště. Nepůvodním druhem je kamzík horský (Rupicapra rupicapra), který zde způsobuje značně škody okusem, podobně jako jelen lesní (Cervus elaphus), proto je potřeba jejich populace udržovat na nízké úrovni.

Ochrana
NPR Praděd se nachází v I. zóně CHKO Jeseníky. Představuje přírodovědecky nejcennější část celé oblasti, jelikož přírodní prostředí je tvořeno vzácnými a v rámci ČR i střední Evropy ojedinělými typy přírodních stanovišť. Nacházejí se zde biotopy typu původních horských smrčin, skalních štěrbin a terásek (např. ve Velké kotlině a Malé kotlině). Další významnou strukturou jsou vyfoukané alpínské trávníky na Petrových kamenech., Ve Velké kotlině se vyskytují sněhová výležiska (silikátové alpínské a boreální trávníky).. Na horní hranici lesa a okrajích karů lze najít subalpínské smilkové trávníky a subalpínská prameniště. Na některých vrcholech se nachází vrchovištní a přechodová rašeliniště (Malý Děd, Velký Děd, vrchol Máj, Sedlové rašeliniště). Všechny tyto biotopy jsou výjimečné, hostí nespočet vzácných druhů a zasluhují si ochranu.
Centrální část Pradědské hornatiny (135 km²) je zařazena do celosvětové sítě EECONET (European Ecological Network – zóny zvýšené péče o krajinu navržené pro Evropskou ekologickou síť). NPR Praděd spadá do programu NATURA 2000, překrývá se s EVL Praděd (evropsky významná lokalita) a s Ptačí oblastí Jeseníky. Zařazuje se mezi IPA's (Important Plant Area). Je také součástí Významného ptačího území.

Dlouhodobým cílem péče je aktivní obnova přirozených nelesních biotopů postupnou redukcí kleče, která je v některých partiích považována za škodlivou, jelikož zásadním způsobem narušuje strukturu horní hranice lesa. Původní vegetace v zastíněném podrostu ustupuje a začínají převládat stinné a acidofilní druhy. Proto začaly na mnoha místech projekty na redukci kleče, a to ve Velké kotlině, Malé kotlině a kolem Petrových kamenů. Objevil se však nový problém, a to že náhlé množství biomasy nestačilo odehnívat a plochy začaly zarůstat maliníkem. Kácené dřeviny proto byly páleny nebo odváženy na štěpkování. Snahou je dosáhnout subalpínského pásma bez kleče se zastoupením všech autochtonních druhů rostlin a známých druhů živočichů v životaschopných populacích. Cílem je také uchování prvků neživé přírody v co nejlepším stavu, uchování genofondu místních populací dřevin a ponechání lesních ekosystémů a vybraných partií dobře zachovaných přechodových ekosystémů lavinových drah a skal samovolnému vývoji.

Turismus
NPR Praděd je atraktivním turistickým cílem. Návštěvnost této oblasti je velmi vysoká a je potřeba zabránit tomu, aby měla negativní dopady na přírodu. Největším rizikem pro ekosystémy jsou sjezdové tratě. Jediným lyžařským areálem v NPR Praděd je Lyžařský areál Praděd-Ovčárna. Je to nejvýše položený lyžařský areál v ČR, nástupní místo je v 1300 m n. m. V provozu je šest vleků a devět sjezdovek. Povolení k spuštění vleků a termín ukončení provozu stanovuje Správa CHKO Jeseníky, a to v závislosti na výšce sněhové pokrývky. Sjezdovky narušují souvislý les, jejich provoz narušuje sukcesi, vegetace je poškozována při úpravě rolbou i samotnými lyžaři, kteří se často pohybují mimo vyhrazené sjezdové tratě. Také nerespektování běžkařských tratí přináší negativní vlivy, a to hlavně v kritickém předjarním období, kdy na zemi hnízdící ptáci začínají obsazovat svá hnízdiště (např. lindušky). To platí především o území Petrových kamenů a Sedlového rašeliniště.Významným turistickým cílem je naučná stezka Bílá Opava, která začíná v Karlově Studánce a končí u chaty Barborka pod Pradědem. Prochází staletými horskými pralesy podél toku Bílé Opavy, na němž je celá řada vodopádů (nejvyšší 7,9 m)

 V roce 2004 způsobila velká vichřice polom stejnověkých stromových porostů, které byly ponechány samovolnému rozpadu.

Další naučnou stezkou je Velká kotlina, jejíž začátek je v Karlově pod Pradědem a konec u Ovčárny.

Odkazy

Reference

Související články
 Seznam chráněných území v okrese Bruntál
 Seznam chráněných území v okrese Jeseník
 Seznam chráněných území v okrese Šumperk

Externí odkazy

 Správa CHKO Jeseníky – NPR Praděd
 rozhledna Praděd
 Velká kotlina

Národní přírodní rezervace v Moravskoslezském kraji
Národní přírodní rezervace v Olomouckém kraji
Chráněná území v Hrubém Jeseníku
Chráněná území vyhlášená roku 1990
Chráněná území v okrese Šumperk
Chráněná území v okrese Bruntál
Chráněná území v okrese Jeseník
Pralesy v Moravskoslezském kraji
Pralesy v Olomouckém kraji
Lesy v Hrubém Jeseníku
Lesy v okrese Šumperk
Lesy v okrese Bruntál
Lesy v okrese Jeseník
CHKO Jeseníky
Bělá pod Pradědem
Loučná nad Desnou
Malá Morávka
Vrbno pod Pradědem


Television International Enterprises Archives Ltd have issued a statement on their Facebook page on the recovery of missing Doctor Who episodes.
The company, led by Philip Morris, was responsible for the recovery of nine missing Troughton episodes last year. Episodes found at a relay station in the Nigerian city of Jos.
Since then there have been many rumours of more episodes being discovered, prompting much discussion on twitter and in fan forums. However, as yet, no more episodes have been confirmed as being returned to the BBC. The statement from TIEA pledges that they will endeavour to return any missing programmes while stating this is not their main purpose. Morris finishes the statement by saying Stay Tuned..
T.I.E.A understands the passion felt by Doctor Who fans and that looking for missing episodes of Doctor who plus many other shows is an important but tiny part of the work that T.I.E.A does.The main aim of this organisation is to assist those archives whose own cultural heritage is under threat.If any programmes do still exist T.I.E.A will endeavor to recover them safely as with web of fear and enemy of the world.T.I.E.A are not sponsored by any organisation we are a completely independent body we work alongside many organisations such as the B.F.I.
Stay Tuned. Executive Director Philip Morris.


This text provides an introduction to thinking about the environment by looking at the way people use language on environmental issues. Making sense of the diverse developments in environmental …... 6/11/1997 · The Politics of the Earth provides an excellent and accessible introduction to thinking about the environment by looking at the way people use language on environmental issues.
John S. Dryzek (born 23 June 1953) is a Centenary Professor at the Centre for Deliberative Democracy and Global Governance at the University of Canberra's Institute for Governance and Policy Analysis.... "The Politics of the Earth: Environmental Discourses, Third Edition, provides an accessible introduction to environmental politics by examining the ways in which people use language to discuss environmental issues.
The Politics of the Earth: Environmental Discourses, Third Edition, provides an accessible introduction to environmental politics by examining the ways in which people use language to discuss environmental issues.
The diverse developments which have taken place in environmental politics are explored with particular focus on the way people use language on environmental issues. The main discourses which have dominated the area over the last three decades are examined focusing on: survivalism; environmental problem solving; sustainability; and green radicalism.
The methodology is then applied, to explore the discourses concerning the relationship between society and a diverse range of environmental issues including, environmental protest, civil aviation policy, forest policy and land use options.