text:
JFK Research
Research Storage
By Michael Clark,
May 14, 2017 in JFK Research
Edited August 6, 2017 by Michael Clark
Michael Clark 77 posts
John Kowalski 3 posts
Paz Marverde 1 post
Dehmorenshildt, frequent trips to houston:
C. Osmet Moody. A subject and angle I have not seen before. Also a good thread with forum members demonstrating collegiate teamwork.
Edited June 7, 2017 by Michael Clark
Edited May 21, 2017 by Michael Clark
A bunch of links from Ernie Lazar. Thanks Ernie!
A bunch of links from Ernie Lazar, Thanks Ernie
For those who are interested -- here are links to various files which are about subjects discussed in this and other Forum threads
| FBI file Dean Adams Andrews
| FBI file David William Ferrie
| FBI file Silvia Duran
| House Select Committee on Assassinations Martin Luther King Jr. Report |
| House Select Committee on Assassinations Report
| CounterSpy Spring 1976, Volume 3 Issue 1
| Church Committee Reports
| Warren Commission Report and 26 Appendix Volumes
| House Select Committee on Assassinations Report and 12 Appendix Volumes
| Final Report Of The Assassinations Records Review Board
| Jim Garrison file Miguel S. Torres
| Jim Garrison file Clay L. Shaw
| Jim Garrison file Secret Service N. O. Investigations
| Jim Garrison file Albert Osborne; AKA Bowen, John Howard
| Jim Garrison file Harry Olsen
| Jim Garrison file Mobile, Alabama
| Jim Garrison file Edward Julius Girnus
| Jim Garrison file Research Materials
| Jim Garrison file Ferrie, David William (Deceased)
| Jim Garrison file Vernon Bundy
| Jim Garrison file Misc (7 folders)
| Jim Garrison file Bill Williams Wilfred Jr.
| Jim Garrison file Edward James Whalen
| Jim Garrison file Ward, Johnson, Jr.
| Jim Garrison file Miguel Torres
| Jim Garrison file Photographs
| Jim Garrison file Photographs-Persons Appearing with Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas Police Department Identification "Line-Up"
| Jim Garrison file Photographs Trade Mart Aerial View: Trade Mart Floor Plans
| Jim Garrison file Mrs. Marguerite C. Oswald v. Liberty Insurance Company of Texas
| Jim Garrison file Texas Attorney General's Report
| Jim Garrison file Clay Shaw Notebooks
| Jim Garrison file Shaw
| Jim Garrison file Shaw & Canada
| Jim Garrison file Shaw-Bernedez-Weiss Lead
| Jim Garrison file Shaw III World Trade Center (Italy)
| Jim Garrison file Shaw & Cuba
| Jim Garrison file Shaw Leads
| Jim Garrison file Clay Shaw - Associations
| Jim Garrison file Death of Ferrie
| Jim Garrison file Salandria "Model"
| Jim Garrison file Perry Russo
| Jim Garrison file Jack Ruby
| Jim Garrison file George Lincoln Rockwell
| Jim Garrison file Leonard Reissman
| Jim Garrison file Marina Oswald Porter
| Jim Garrison file James Phelan
| Jim Garrison file Robert Perrin
| Jim Garrison file Ruth Paine
| FBI file Lee Harvey Oswald
| Jim Garrison file Photographs of Oswald Shooting in Basement 3 of 3
| Jim Garrison file Lee Harvey Oswald 2 of 3
| Jim Garrison file Investigation of the Operation Security Involving the Transfer of Lee Harvey Oswald November 24, 1963 1 of 3
| Jim Garrison file Oswald - Lakefront
| Jim Garrison file LHO/ONI File
| Jim Garrison file Oswald's Property
| Jim Garrison file Oswald's Notebook
| Jim Garrison file Lee Harvey Oswald
| Jim Garrison file Odd Sects
| Jim Garrison file Richard Case Nagell
| Jim Garrison file Griscom Morgan
| Jim Garrison file Mexico
| Jim Garrison file J. A. Mercer
| Jim Garrison file Layton Martens
| Jim Garrison file Betty Mooney MacDonald
| Jim Garrison file Lead Files (misc.)
| Jim Garrison file Dave Kroman
| Jim Garrison file Individuals engaged in obstruction of D.A.'s Investigation of JFK Assassination
| Jim Garrison file Giesbrecht, Richard E.
| Jim Garrison file Philip Geraci
| Jim Garrison file Robert Kennedy Grand Jury Transcript, Medicolegal Investigation (Coroner) & FBI Reports
| Jim Garrison file Miscellaneous Investigative Reports and Memorandum 2
| Jim Garrison file Charts "Activity Correlations" and "Departures From Reilly Coffee Company"
| Jim Garrison file Material re: Clay Shaw
| Jim Garrison file Suggested Beckham Questions
| Jim Garrison file Miscellaneous Investigative Reports and Memorandum
| Jim Garrison file Materials pertaining to prosecution of Garrison in 1971
| Jim Garrison file Kerry Thornley
| Jim Garrison file Smith - Tertiary
| Jim Garrison file Smith - Secondary
| Jim Garrison file Miscellaneous Investigative Reports and Memorandum (3 folders)
| Jim Garrison file Interview of William A. Morris, 7/12/67 17 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Folder Entitled "End of Garrison Miscellaneous Files" 16 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Garrison Miscellaneous Material 15 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Material on Secret Societies 14 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Deposition of Richard McGarrah Helms, E. Howard Hunt v. Liberty Lobby, Inc. 13 of 17
| Jim Garrison file New Orleans Conference 9/21/1968 12 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Miscellaneous Investigative Reports and Memorandum 11 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Fan Mail 10 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Marguerite C. Oswald v. King Candy Company 9 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Miscellaneous Investigative Reports and Memorandum re Clay Shaw, David Ferrie, Layton Martens 8 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Garrison Miscellaneous Material 7 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Bank of New Orleans 6 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Time, Place and Number Correlations (Ruby, Ferrie, Oswald and Shaw) 5 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Old Wine In New Bottles 2 of 17
| Jim Garrison file Garrison Miscellaneous Material
| Jim Garrison file Miscellaneous Material re: Assassination. Includes Newspaper Clippings, Photographs, Reports, and Memoranda
| Jim Garrison file Notes And Fragments For Manuscript, "The Warrior Chieftans"
| Jim Garrison file Smith Case - Loose Matter
| Jim Garrison file Early Script For Movie JFK
| Jim Garrison file Duncan Patterson
| Jim Garrison file Donald P. Norton
| Jim Garrison file Marlene Mancuso
| Jim Garrison file Shaw 3
| Jim Garrison file Richard E. Giesbrecht
| Jim Garrison file New KT Leads
| Jim Garrison file Newcomb/Adams Manuscript
| Jim Garrison file George Senator
| Jim Garrison file Commission Documents (Fensterwald Collation)
| Jim Garrison file Amos Heacock
| Jim Garrison file Gordon Novel
| Jim Garrison file J. G.
| Jim Garrison file G-2001 Jim Garrison Assassination File
| Jim Garrison file G-1465 1975 I. R. S.
| Jim Garrison file Garrison Miscellaneous Reports and Memoranda re: Assassination Investigation
| Jim Garrison file Garrison Miscellaneous
| Jim Garrison file Garrison and Alcock
| Jim Garrison file Jack Frazier - Rider Coffee House
| Jim Garrison file David Ferrie
| Jim Garrison file Earl Wallas Edwards
| Jim Garrison file Dr. Stanley L. Drennan
| Jim Garrison file Dealey Plaza
| Jim Garrison file Current Material
| Jim Garrison file Miscellaneous News Clips
| Jim Garrison file Raymond Cummings
| Jim Garrison file Crusade to Free Cuba
| Jim Garrison file Fred Lee Crisman
| Jim Garrison file Court Papers
| Jim Garrison file Conspiracy To Kill JFK -- Its Meaning
| Jim Garrison file Committee To Investigate Assassinations, Inc.
| Jim Garrison file Clinton Witnesses
| Jim Garrison file Rose Cheramie
| Jim Garrison file David Chandler
| Jim Garrison file New Dalzell File
| Jim Garrison file Central Intelligence Agency
| Jim Garrison file Employees Of Guy Bannister
| Jim Garrison file Unknown/Misfiled
| Jim Garrison file General Charles P. Cabell
| Jim Garrison file Julien Buznedo
| Jim Garrison file Broshears# 1234
| Jim Garrison file Reverend Raymond Broshears
| Jim Garrison file Eugene Hall Brading
| Jim Garrison file Philip Boatright
| Jim Garrison file T. E. Beckham
| Jim Garrison file Guy Bannister
| Jim Garrison file Sergio Arcacha
| Jim Garrison file Dean Andrews
More from Ernie Lazar.
Some additional JFK-related files:
| FBI file JFK Assassination | 32,000 pages added
| FBI file Lee Harvey Oswald | Mexico City
| FBI file Warren Commission (8379pp)
| FBI file George DeMohrenschildt
Weisberg Collection on the JFK Assassination: https://archive.org/details/nationalsecurityarchive-weisberg?sort=titleSorter
Dallas PD Documents on JFK Assassination: https://archive.org/details/dallas-pd-jfk-documents?sort=titleSorter
Edwin A. Walker Collection: https://archive.org/details/edwinwalkercollection?sort=titleSorter
For those interested in JFK-assassination-related books, Hamilton Books now shows the following titles available at very significant discounts:
https://www.hamiltonbook.com/products/search?q=jfk+assassination&cat_id=
HIT LIST: An In-Depth Investigation into the Mysterious Deaths of Witnesses to the JFK Assassination R. Belzer & D. Wayne Paperbound 5895596 $5.95$16.99 View »
POST MORTEM: The Classic Investigation of the JFK Assassination Medical and Ballistics Evidence and Cover-Up Harold Weisberg Paperbound 5813689 $5.95$14.95 View »
THE MISSING JFK ASSASSINATION FILM: The Mystery Surrounding the Orville Nix Home Movie of November 22, 1963 Gayle Nix Jackson Hardbound 5770548 $17.95$24.99 View »
THE POISON PATRIARCH: How the Betrayals of Joseph P. Kennedy Caused the Assassination of JFK Mark Shaw Hardbound 7660448 $6.95$24.95 View »
ACCESSORIES AFTER THE FACT: The Warren Commission, the Authorities & the Report on the JFK Assassination Sylvia Meagher Paperbound 3605566 $4.95$14.95 View »
NEVER AGAIN! The Government Conspiracy in the JFK Assassination Harold Weisberg Paperbound 269865X $5.95$14.95 View »
DAVID FERRIE: Mafia Pilot, Participant in Anti-Castro Bioweapon Plot, Friend of Lee Harvey Oswald and Key to the JFK Assassination Judyth Vary Baker Paperbound 3604551 $17.95$24.95 View »
WHITEWASH IV: The Top Secret Warren Commission Transcript of the JFK Assassination Harold Weisberg Paperbound 7660626 $4.95$14.95 View »
IN THE EYE OF HISTORY, SECOND EDITION: Disclosures in the JFK Assassination Medical Evidence William Matson Law Paperbound 4530551 $19.95$29.95 View »
OSWALD, MEXICO, AND DEEP POLITICS: Revelations from CIA Records on the Assassination of JFK Peter Dale Scott Paperbound 3678334 $4.95$14.95 View »
BULLETINS FROM DALLAS: Reporting the JFK Assassination Bill Sanderson Hardbound 5882524 $17.95$24.99 View »
THE REPORTER WHO KNEW TOO MUCH Mark Shaw Hardbound 5874874 $18.95$26.00 View »
THEY KILLED OUR PRESIDENT: 63 Reasons to Believe There Was a Conspiracy to Assassinate JFK Jesse Ventura et al Hardbound 7582668 $5.95$24.95 View »
AMERICAN LEGACY: The Story of John & Caroline Kennedy C. David Heymann Paperbound 3610004 $2.95$16.00 View »
THE ACCIDENTAL VICTIM: JFK, Lee Harvey Oswald, and the Real Target in Dallas James Reston, Jr Hardbound 2660776 $3.95 View »
JFK: A New World Order DVD 2666219 $3.95 View »
LEE HARVEY OSWALD--48 HOURS TO LIVE: Oswald, Kennedy, and the Conspiracy That Will Not Die Steven M. Gillon Paperbound 5899869 $3.95$16.95 View »
KENNEDY: The Man, the President and the Tragedy DVD 5999863 $9.95$29.98 View »
THE KENNEDY DETAIL: JFK's Secret Service Agents Break Their Silence Gerald Blaine with L. McCubbin Paperbound 4503384 $5.95$16.00 View »
LAST WORD: My Indictment of the CIA in the Murder of JFK Mark Lane Paperbound 6526500 $4.95$14.95 View »
THE KENNEDY ASSASSINATION: The Truth Behind the Conspiracy That Killed the President David Southwell Hardbound 4575881 $4.95$29.95 View »
AUTOPSY: Postmortem with Michael Baden DVD 5708966 $4.95 View »
AFTER CAMELOT J. Randy Taraborrelli Hardbound 760954X $2.95 View »
JFK'S LAST HUNDRED DAYS: The Transformation of a Man and the Emergence of a Great President Thurston Clarke Hardbound 2747790 $2.95 View »
THE BONE TREE Greg Iles Paperbound 5838509 $7.95$9.99 View »
THE WAR CONSPIRACY: JFK, 9/11, and the Deep Politics of War Peter Dale Scott Paperbound 5813743 $5.95$16.95 View »
PARKLAND DVD 2695863 $3.95 View »
THE THIRD BULLET Stephen Hunter Hardbound 5528755 $7.95$26.99 View »
AMERICA'S QUEEN: The Life of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis Sarah Bradford Paperbound 5778115 $7.95 View »
DR. FEELGOOD R.A. Lertzman & W.J. Birnes Paperbound 577036X $4.95$14.95 View »
THEY KILLED OUR PRESIDENT: 63 Reasons to Believe There Was a Conspiracy to Assassinate JFK Jesse Ventura et al Paperbound 3639533 $5.95$14.95 View »
THE UNWITTING Ellen Feldman Hardbound 4588568 $2.95$26.00 View »
TRUMPOCALYPSE NOW! The Triumph of the Conspiracy Spectacle Kenn Thomas Paperbound 6599133 $13.95$16.95 View »
THE GREAT PARADE Peter Filichia Hardbound 6576397 $5.95$29.99
Protest Misic / Musicians
Mr. BALL - What did you notice in the railroad yards?
Mr. WEITZMAN - We noticed numerous kinds of footprints that did not make sense because they were going different directions.
Mr. BALL - Were there other people there besides you?
Mr. WEITZMAN - Yes, sir; other officers, Secret Service as well, and somebody started, there was something red in the street and I went back over the wall and somebody brought me a piece of what he thought to be a firecracker and it turned out to be, I believe, I wouldn't quote this, but I turned it over to one of the Secret Service men and I told them it should go to the lab because it looked to me like human bone. I later found out it was supposedly a portion of the President's skull.
Edited July 14, 2017 by Michael Clark
Just an interesting thread
"The Whole Bay of Pigs thing" by the late Tim Carroll
Len Colby said:
... is there any way you could repost it?
THE "WHOLE BAY OF PIGS THING": FROM DALLAS TO WATERGATE
In the year following the Cuban Missile Crisis, President Kennedy took measures that led some to conclude that he had experienced an epiphany as a result of his joust at the abyss. A hot-line was installed between Washington and Moscow to provide for better communication in the event of some future crisis. The superpowers entered into a limited test ban treaty, ending their testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere, oceans, and space. During the last year of his presidency, Kennedy had also taken measures to shut down CIA-sponsored operations involving the exile community. This resulted in a schism between the FBI and the CIA, and generated new antipathy toward the Kennedy administration. The President's public assurance about what was "understood by the anti-Castro exiles" was more wish than fact.[1]
Following incidents in March of 1963 when powerboats manned by anti-Castro exiles roared into Cuban harbors shooting up two Soviet freighters, President Kennedy began to take official steps to terminate U.S. support for groups like Alpha 66 that had become out of control. When Bobby Kennedy wrote his brother a memo promoting new efforts to "cultivate" an "internal breakup in Cuba," the President uncharacteristically did not respond, at least in writing.
Apparently the brothers held a private discussion which led to an immediate turn-around, reflected in a presentation to the National Security Council in which Bobby dutifully played his prescribed role of informing the President that "a decision had been made to formulate a plan to shut down the hit-and-run attacks from Florida locales." The following day, the President publicly declared that he would "take every step necessary" to terminate the exile raids against Cuba.
Shortly thereafter, mirroring the Kennedys' earlier turn against the Mafia, the Justice Department began prosecuting exile leaders for "violating U.S. neutrality laws."[2] At the same time, the CIA was ordered to cut off funding for the groups, leaving them to fend for themselves or draw on other sources. The President's public statement regarding the exiles' activities was unequivocal:
"There will not be, under any circumstances, an intervention in Cuba by the United States armed forces. The government will do everything it possibly can; I think it can meet its responsibilities, to make sure that there are no Americans involved in any actions inside Cuba.... The basic issue in Cuba is not one between the United States and Cuba. It is between the Cubans themselves. I intend to see that we adhere to that principle and as I understand it this administration's attitude is so understood by the anti-Castro exiles from Cuba in this country."[3]
Bobby Kennedy held a meeting to formulate plans to implement the new policy. It included two FBI agents, "officials of the CIA, Immigration and Naturalization Service, Navy, Coast Guard, Customs Service, the Internal Security Division of the Justice Department, and the State Department." He explained that the President "wanted to put a halt to the exile raids" and that "sixteen of the officials present" were to leave immediately for Miami "to decide what measures could be taken." Among the steps later taken were:
"... serving restriction notices on certain exile leaders to prevent them from leaving the United States, refusing reentry to the United States to any exile who went beyond the 3-mile limit offshore, increased surveillance by the Coast Guard of the Florida coastline, and intensified FBI intelligence coverage of Cuban exile groups to ascertain and abort plans for future raids."[4]
Following the Miami conference, the combined forces of the federal government clamped down on the same anti-Castro groups and activities that had previously been given such encouragement and support. Numerous raids were conducted in which agents of the FBI closed down exile training camps, seizing large amounts of weapons, ammunition, and explosives. While it is clear that the President was serious about doing nothing to disturb the fragile peace following the Missile Crisis, and had great reason to fear provoking disclosure of his Secret Deal with Khrushchev, it is not so clear that his brother was going along fully. Having little choice but to support the President's policy publicly, there is ample evidence that in private he continued to support the proscribed activities.
The no-invasion pledge and withdrawal of support for exile activities ushered in a particularly bitter season of discontent within the anti-Castro Cuban community. A flyer dated April 18, 1963, and decorated with a profile of the Alamo, was distributed to Cubans in Miami's Little Havana. It stated: "Only through one development will you Cuban patriots ever live again in your homeland as freemen, responsible as must be the most capable for the guidance and welfare of the Cuban people." This blessing could only come to pass:
"If an inspired Act of God should place in the White House within weeks a Texan known to be a friend of all Latin Americans...though he must under present conditions bow to the Zionists who since 1905 came into control of the United States, and for whom Jack Kennedy and Nelson Rockefeller and other members of the Council of Foreign Relations and allied agencies are only stooges and pawns. Though Johnson must now bow to these crafty and cunning Communist-hatching Jews, yet, did an Act of God suddenly elevate him into the top position [he] would revert to what his beloved father and grandfather were, and to their values and principles and loyalties." Obviously encouraging support for the forcible removal of the President among the anti-Castro exiles, the broadside was signed, "A Texan who resents the Oriental influence that has come to control, to degrade, to pollute and enslave his own people."[5]
The least known of the measures taken by President Kennedy was a peace overture made toward Castro. To many, including top officials at the CIA and the State Department, the very idea of any sort of dialogue with Castro was heresy. Nevertheless, Kennedy authorized William Attwood, Special Adviser to the United States delegation at the United Nations, to begin informal talks with the Cuban Ambassador aimed at eventual normalization of relations between the U.S. and Cuba. He also set up a back channel communication with Castro through journalist Lisa Howard, who was flown to Cuba a number of times in 1963 using a covert operative pilot. A message had been received through U.N. personnel that Castro was displeased about the degree to which Cuba was becoming tied to the Soviet Union and was seeking to redress the balance by finding an accommodation with the United States. There was evidence that a rift had developed between Castro and some of his Communist colleagues, including Che Guevara. The Cuban leader had given an interview in which he expressed satisfaction over Kennedy's crackdown on exile raiding parties.
It was at this same time that the CIA made its first contacts in nearly a year with Rolando Cubela, a high-ranking traitor in Castro's inner circle. Without the knowledge of the President or CIA Director John McCone, a small group of CIA officers, led by Desmond FitzGerald, an intimate associate of Bobby Kennedy's, prepared to use Cubela to assassinate Castro. Cubela requested a meeting with Bobby so that he could be sure that the scheme had the approval of the President. What he got was a meeting with FitzGerald, who claimed to be a U.S. Senator and Bobby Kennedy's personal representative. Government reports reveal that Cubela was in Paris being handed a poison pen and a gun at precisely the moment that President Kennedy was assassinated. In 1978, Arthur Schlesinger noted:
"The whole Cubela thing raises even deeper questions. The CIA was reviving the assassination plots at the very time President Kennedy was considering the possibility of normalization of relations with Cuba-an extraordinary action. If it was not total incompetence-which in the case of the CIA cannot be excluded-it was a studied attempt to subvert national policy."[6]
Although the President had specifically ordered that the U.N. discussions be kept secret, "it seems inconceivable that the CIA knew nothing about it. American intelligence had Cuban U.N. diplomats under incessant surveillance."[7] It tapped their phones, intercepted their mail, and followed their every movement. Schlesinger has noted that "if word leaked of President Kennedy's efforts, that might have been exactly the kind of thing to trigger some explosion of fanatical violence."[8] Ambassador Attwood, who subsequently realized that his telephone conversations and private meetings were insecure, agreed. He has said,
"If the CIA did find out what we were doing this would have trickled down to the lower echelon of activists, and Cuban exiles and the more gung-ho CIA people who had been involved since the Bay of Pigs. If word of a possible normalization of relations with Cuba leaked to these people, I can understand why they would have reacted violently. This was the end of their dreams of returning to Cuba, and they might have been impelled to take violent action. Such as assassinating the President."[9]
In an historical irony, one of the President's personal messengers, French journalist Jean Daniel, and Castro were together at the moment they learned of the President's assassination. This initiative was later described by the Cuban leader "as a gesture, as an indication of a desire to establish contact, to explore what our thinking was on all of this-and, furthermore, to establish a certain kind of communication." Castro continued,
"We needed a kind of bridge, some sort of communication. Since Kennedy had such great authority in his own country after the crisis, he could have done things that he had not done before. In my view, he had the courage to do them. You had to have courage to defy the state of opinion on all these questions."[10]
Castro's view of Kennedy's performances, as well as the Cuban historical view as a whole, is very interesting given the realities of the Bay of Pigs, the Secret War, and the Cuban Missile Crisis. Listening to Castro's remarks at an oral history conference in Cuba, James Blight concluded: "Kennedy is by far the most respected-even loved-U.S. president since the triumph of the revolution in 1959." He recorded the statement of one Cuban official:
"You see, by not attacking Cuba in April 1961 and October 1962, we believe Kennedy's anti-Cuban machinery turned against him, like Frankenstein's monster. Those forces-the Mafia, the radical Cuban exiles, and the CIA-afterwards conspired successfully to assassinate him, because he prevented them from assassinating Fidel and destroying the Cuban Revolution. In a strange way, we believe, Kennedy had to die so that the Cuban Revolution could live."[11]
Blight's impression is that when Castro discusses Khrushchev and Kennedy, "one senses that the respect is highly qualified with respect to his old friend Khrushchev, but uncomplicated and sincere regarding his old enemy, Kennedy." Castro feels that because of the "boost in the authority he got after the October crisis, when his leadership was consolidated in the United States," Kennedy was "one of the presidents-or perhaps the president best able-to rectify American policy toward Cuba"[12]
At the moment of his death President Kennedy was on his way to deliver a speech in which he would address the kinds of dangerously false constructions so popular at that time in Dallas, a city which had become the epicenter of right-wing jingoistic criticism. The speech presented an almost transcendental world view which is particularly relevant to the "What would Kennedy have done?" debate over Vietnam. While recognizing that dissent is inevitable, the speech was to go on to say:
"But today other voices are heard in the land-voices preaching doctrines wholly unrelated to reality...doctrines which apparently assume that words will suffice without weapons, that vituperation is as good as victory and that peace is a sign of weakness.... I realize that this Nation often tends to identify turning-points in world affairs with the major addresses which preceded them. But it was not the Monroe Doctrine that kept all Europe away from this hemisphere-it was the strength of the British fleet and the width of the Atlantic Ocean."[13]
Political constructions gain a life of their own, making it difficult to harness the released energies. Like the proverbial genie out of the bottle, these manufactured realities are resistant to subsequent containment. Constructions require a special kind of devotion and loyalty; it may be hazardous to one's health to try to change course. President Kennedy knew that by reversing himself on his support of efforts to eliminate Castro, by arousing and then easing tensions against the Soviet Union, and by accepting the assistance of organized crime figures and then allowing his brother, the Attorney General, to vigorously pursue and prosecute them, he was making himself vulnerable to serious physical danger by those most disposed to lash out violently upon feelings of hatred and betrayal.
During those same months of 1963 when the Cubela operation was implemented, a strange scenario was being acted out in the southwestern U.S. An ex-Marine who had previously posed as a defector to Russia was being constructed as a pro-Castro Communist. Records reveal that all of his associations were actually of the anti-Castro persuasion. He was intimately involved with the anti-Communist "White Russian" community, shared an office with the coordinator of anti-Castro activities in New Orleans, and was known to have been present at one of the exile training camps that was closed down by the FBI that summer. His name was Lee Harvey Oswald.
The day after his brother's murder, Bobby Kennedy sought answers from Harry Ruiz-Williams, a CIA agent staying at a CIA-operated safe house used by Cuban exiles. Afterward, speaking with journalist Haynes Johnson, Bobby said that he "suspected CIA-backed anti-Castro forces of having been involved in his brother's death." He was later quoted as telling one of the investigators from his Senate committee days: "Those Cuban cunts are all working for the mob. They blame us for the Bay of Pigs, and they're trying to make this look like a Castro-Communist hit. I don't buy it. And I don't trust those guys at the CIA. They're worse than the Mafia."[14]
Of course, Bobby knew better than anyone what had transpired beneath the surface of the administration's use of the exiles. More personally, he knew the dark side of his own role in the unleashing of elements he now considered responsible for his brother's death. Many of those close to Bobby who saw in him a classic case of survivor's guilt were unaware that a much deeper level of responsibility may have informed his anguish.
Bobby had personally entertained Cuban exiles at his house, Hickory Hill, and kept in touch with them at their apartments at the Ebbitt Hotel in downtown Washington, where they were housed by the CIA. Even Desmond FitzGerald, Bobby's replacement for Wild Bill Harvey, was concerned about the directness of Bobby's involvement with the Cuban exiles. The Attorney General's freelancing with the the Cuban exile community was a formula for disaster. Peter Collier and David Horowitz have written poignantly about Bobby's anguish over what may have been an unintended consequence of his own actions:
"It was Bobby who had led the administration into dangerous places, daring the gods of the underworld and seizing the fire that finally erupted into anti-Kennedy hatred. He had done it in the service of his brother's presidency, yet he had gone past duty or necessity, using his special status as the brother within to justify what had become at times an almost perverse exploration of self. While Jack was alive, everything was justified; now that he was dead, it was all called into question. Had his acts created an environment for assassination? Had his zeal helped create the concatenation of forces that wanted Jack dead?"[15]
Four years after the assassination of the President, the CIA Inspector General conducted an internal investigation which was forwarded to Lyndon Johnson, who told newsman Howard K. Smith: "I'll tell you something that will rock you; Kennedy was trying to get Castro, but Castro got to him first."[16] In March 1967, columnist Drew Pearson wrote, "President Johnson is sitting on a political H-bomb-an unconfirmed report that Senator Robert Kennedy (Dem. N.Y.) may have approved an assassination plot which then possibly backfired against his brother."
The source for the Pearson article was the original mafioso hired by the CIA to kill Castro, Johnny Roselli. The spin being placed on this new round of stories was, like the Oswald promotion, aimed at leading the public to believe that Castro was behind the conspiracy in Dallas. Roselli had revealed to Pearson, through his attorney, Edward Morgan, that "One of our assassination teams was captured and tortured until they told all they knew about our operation which they said was ordered by the White House." Roselli asserted that "the team was turned around, you know, brainwashed, and sent back into our country to kill Kennedy."
All good lies contain a good measure of truth, and such may be the case with Roselli's attempt at history-making. Although this colorful rendition is compelling, given the source, it should be recognized that contained in this version is the admission that it was an anti-Castro hit team that had killed Kennedy. But this secret "team" would hardly have required anything so exotic as brainwashing to retarget its skills against the President. By November of 1963, Kennedy was clearly a foe to the extreme anti-Castro elements; they believed he had cancelled the airstrikes and betrayed the Bay of Pigs operation, then compounded the betrayal by giving the no-invasion pledge, and finally sealed the antipathy by shutting down the exile camps and beginning negotiations directed toward the normalization of relations with Cuba.
When Roselli's well-connected lawyer asked him how he had contained such explosive information, Roselli noted that "all phases of this operation were approved by Allen Dulles and President Eisenhower." He questioned why neither Dulles, who was a member of the Warren Commission investigating the Kennedy assassination, nor Eisenhower, who had full knowledge of the plots, ever came forward. "So what was I supposed to think?" He inferred that the President "wanted to keep the lid on." Roselli speculated that perhaps Johnson "thought it'd be bad for the country to know about this operation-you know, the government of the United States involved with the so-called Mafia to kill the leader of a foreign country and then it boomerangs."[17]
A possibility that may never be resolved is Johnson's notion that some action taken by Bobby Kennedy "backfired against his brother." There is ample evidence of Bobby's continued encouragement of anti-Castro efforts during a period of time when his brother, the President of the United States, was pursuing a very contrary policy.
Because of the closeness of the brothers it is generally assumed that Bobby was fulfilling one aspect of a multi-track approach on the part of the Administration. While it is understandable that some token support for the exiles might be considered prudent as a way of co-opting more radical elements, the extent to which one approach represented the direct undermining of the other presents a historical conundrum regarding the brothers' coordination of authority. The possibility must be considered that Bobby crossed the line of plausible deniability into a realm in which he was acting in his own highly unofficial capacity apart from any directed intention on the part of the President. Had he, like King Henry II's henchmen, acted on his own to eliminate his brother's Becket?
Consistent with Michael Beschloss' observation that "the most likely explanation for the cause of Kennedy's death lies in his policies,"[18] the convergence of CIA-Mafia-Cuban exile operations with the events surrounding the President's assassination provides strong circumstantial evidence of the motive and means for that crime. But there is more direct evidence. In a 1985 libel trial, E. Howard Hunt ("Eduardo") filed suit contesting an assertion in an article written by former CIA officer Victor Marchetti implicating him in the assassination, including an alleged 1966 memo initialed by CIA Director Richard Helms and Deputy Director for Counterintelligence James Angleton, which discussed Hunt's presence in Dallas and the possibility that "a cover story, giving Hunt an alibi for being elsewhere the day of the assassination, 'ought to be considered.'" Speculating on why such an extraordinary cover-up would be put in writing, a high level CIA source said, "The memo is very odd. It was almost as if Angleton was informing Helms, who had just become director, that there was a skeleton in the family closet that had to be taken care of and this was his response."[19]
Castro's former mistress-turned-CIA agent, Marita Lorenz, testified of her direct knowledge of Hunt's participation, as well as that of other anti-Castro Cubans, in the events in Dallas leading up to November 22, 1963. She claimed to have been in a two car caravan with Frank Sturgis, Orlando Bosch and others traveling from Miami carrying numerous weapons. Upon their arrival in Dallas they were met at their motel on November 21st by their old paymaster, "Eduardo." An hour after Hunt delivered the money and departed, another character out of history arrived: Jack Ruby.
In that trial, an amazing exchange took place after Hunt testified that, "like thousands of other Americans, millions," he, his wife and children had huddled together at home that fateful weekend, "and watched the burial services."[20] Yet, despite providing his own children as alibis, he had also asserted his legal damages to be the doubts in their minds about their own father's activities. The question was asked:
"Mr. Hunt, why did you have to convince your children that you were not in Dallas, Texas on November 22, 1963, if, in fact, as you say, a fourteen-year-old daughter, a thirteen-year-old daughter, and a ten-year-old son were with you in the Washington, D.C. area on November 22, 1963, and were with you at least for the next forty-eight hours, as you all stayed glued to the T.V. set?" After a long pause, Hunt lamely asserted that. "it was less a question of my convincing them that I was in Washington, D.C. with them-rather, reminding them that I was-than it was to assure them that none of the charges...had any substance to them at all." The magazine's attorney followed up with: "What I want to know is since they knew how outrageous the lies were, why did they have to be convinced by you that you weren't in Texas?" Hunt simply replied: "Reminded, reminded."[21]
Hunt had failed to anticipate that the two elements of his story-that his children were with him the entire weekend and that his children were unsure of where he had been at the time-were mutually exclusive. Hunt lost his lawsuit. The jury did not even debate the malice issue because the truthfulness of the assertion had been sufficiently proven.
On the tenth anniversary of the invasion fiasco, April 17, 1971, E. Howard Hunt had traveled to the Bay of Pigs Monument in the Little Havana area of Miami to recruit exile veterans for a new operation. Resurrecting the dream of overthrowing Castro, Eduardo had assured them that "the whole thing is not over."[22]
Subsequent events would expose a high level role played by these terrorists when a team of Bay of Pigs veterans was caught burglarizing the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate complex in Washington, D.C. Found among the burglars' effects was evidence that they were being coordinated by E. Howard Hunt, who had an office in the White House. In addition to political burglary, Hunt had been given the high-level assignment of manufacturing evidence of President Kennedy's complicity in the assassination of South Vietnam's leader in 1963, Ngo Dinh Diem.
President Nixon subsequently managed to remain in power for more than two years, withstanding remarkable disclosures, until the Supreme Court ruled unanimously that he had to turn over tape recordings of certain Oval Office conversations. Nixon was out of office within two weeks, primarily because of the disclosure of a taped discussion about Hunt that occurred a few days after the break-in. This tape recording has become known in history as the smoking gun conversation.
During that incredible exchange that would topple a presidency, Nixon ordered his Chief of Staff, H. R. Haldeman, to meet with Richard Helms, the Director of the CIA, and tell him to call off the FBI's investigation of the burglary for national security reasons. Nixon suggested that Hunt's involvement be used as a lever to make sure the CIA would cooperate. The transcripts of President Nixon's rantings about Hunt are perhaps the most factually revealing evidence of deep politics in history:
"Hunt...will uncover a lot of things. You open that scab there's a hell of a lot of things.... Tell them we just feel that it would be very detrimental to have this thing go any further. This involves these Cubans, Hunt, and a lot of hanky-panky that we have nothing to do with ourselves. When you get the CIA people in say, "Look, the problem is that this will open up the whole Bay of Pigs thing again." So they should call the FBI in and for the good of the country don't go any further into this case. Period. Just say (unintelligible) very bad to have this fellow Hunt, ah, he knows too damned much.... If it gets out that this is all involved, the Cuba thing would be a fiasco. It would make the CIA look bad, it's going to make Hunt look bad, and it's likely to blow the whole Bay of Pigs which we think would be very unfortunate-both for the CIA, and for the country, at this time, and for American foreign policy. Just tell him to lay off....[23]
Haldeman recorded Helms' dramatic reaction to the threat: "Turmoil in the room, Helms gripping the arms of his chair leaning forward and shouting, 'The Bay of Pigs had nothing to do with this'" Despite this, Helms acquiesced and Haldeman was able to report to the President that "his strategy had worked," that Helms would be "very happy to be helpful." But the remarks and Helms' behavior raised the question in Haldeman's mind: "What was such dynamite in the Bay of Pigs story?" The more innocuous explanation is that Nixon, as the chief White House official involved with the Eisenhower administration's Cuba invasion planning, knew of the government's use of Mafia assassination assets in the efforts against Castro. However, following years of study, analysis and reflection, along with his personal knowledge of the players involved, Haldeman asserted a more astonishing answer to that question: "It seems that in all of those Nixon references to the Bay of Pigs, he was actually referring to the Kennedy assassination." Given his reaction, it is apparent that Helms clearly understood Nixon's message.[24]
Aside from such an interpretation of the dark secret to which Nixon was alluding, he and the CIA director had a more current mutuality of interests. Helms wanted to suppress the CIA-Hunt relationship because it violated the Agency's charter regarding domestic spying. Nixon wanted to suppress the White House-Hunt relationship because it would reveal precisely for whom the chief Watergate burglar was working. E. Howard Hunt clearly represented a problem for more than one major Washington power center. Nine months after the smoking gun conversation, when Hunt was about to be sentenced, Nixon was told that Hunt had issued a blackmail demand in lieu of revealing some of the "seamy things" he had done for the President. Nixon's response was unequivocal: "Well, for Christ's sakes...get it."[25]
1. Michael R. Beschloss, The Crisis Years: Kennedy and Khrushchev, 1960-1963, (New York: HarperCollins Publishers, 1991), 687.
2. William B. Breuer, Vendetta: Castro and the Kennedy Brothers, (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1997), 209.
3. James Reston, "Top U.S. Advisers in Dispute on Aid to Castro's Foes," The New York Times, April 11, 1963.
4. Breuer, 210-211.
5. William Manchester, The Death Of A President, (New York: Harper & Row, 1967), 46.
6. Anthony Summers, Conspiracy, (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., 1980), 426.
7. Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr., Robert Kennedy and His Times, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1978), 557.
8. Summers, 427.
9. Ibid., 426.
10. James G. Blight, Bruce J. Allyn and David A. Welch, Cuba On The Brink. (New York: Pantheon Books, 1993), 237.
12. Ibid., 191-193.
13. Gaddis Smith, Gaddis, The Last Years of the Monroe Doctrine. (New York: Hill and Wang, 1994), 111-112.
14. David C. Heymann, RFK. New York: Penguin Putnam Inc., 1998), 10.
15. Peter Collier and David Horowitz, The Kennedys, (New York: Summit Books, 1984), 317.
16. New York Times, June 25, 1976.
17. Ovid Demaris, The Last Mafioso. New York: Bantam Books, 1981), 235-241.
18. Jefferson Morley, "November 22, 1963: Why We Need The Real History Of The Kennedy Assassination," Washington Post, (November 24, 1996).
19. Joe Trento and Jacquie Powers, "Was Howard Hunt in Dallas The Day JFK Died?" Wilmington Sunday News Journal, (August 20, 1978).
20. Mark Lane, Plausible Denial, (New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1991), 282.
22. Carl Oglesby, The Yankee and Cowboy War. (Kansas City: Sheed Andrews and McMeel, Inc., 1976), 277.
23. H. R. Haldeman, The Ends of Power, (New York: Times Books, 1978), 33.
24. Ibid., 38-39.
25. Theodore H. White, Breach of Faith, (New York: Reader's Digest Press, 1975), 199-200.
https://img1.wsimg.com/blobby/go/ec498402-3465-453a-a17b-5f106a4e85fe/downloads/JMWAVE - AMBUD.pdf?ver=1569645475562
Edited September 28, 2019 by Michael Clark
Richard Gibson
Fromm MMF
Cryptonym: QRPHONE-1
These three files leave no doubt that Richard Thomas Gibson was QRPHONE-1. 2018/104-10217-10221.pdf 2018/104-10217-10223.pdf 2018/104-10217-10225.pdf
104-10217-10223: RICHARD GIBSON
5/22/66 revised memorandum of oral agreement for Richard Gibson aka QRPHONE-1: "QRPHONE-1's employment by WOFIRM/CIA...began on 1 June 1965...write-off of the funds passed to QRPHONE-1 is to be effected on the basis of the procedure approved by Chief, LCPIPIT and COS/(REDACTED)..." Signed by case officer Aaron C. Laginestra; approved by Chief, LCPIPIT Adrian B. Maslott.
104-10217-10221.pdf Richard Gibson
"In December 1963 Subject was interiewed by a consular officer in REDACTED for information on Lee Harvey Oswald who reportedly had some contact with REDACTED
Mr. Gibson was asked to visite Embassy because of a repor by a controlled american source that, as an aex-official of the Fair Play for Cuba Commttee of New York, he might have had some information concerning Lee Harvey Oswald."
Bill Simpich • Jeff Morley
11 oct 1963 https://www.archives.gov/files/research/jfk/releases/2018/104-10217-10201.pdf
6-11-64 https://www.archives.gov/files/research/jfk/releases/2018/104-10217-10195.pdf
https://www.archives.gov/files/research/jfk/releases/2018/104-10217-10190.pdf
Jan 2, 63 https://www.archives.gov/files/research/jfk/releases/2018/104-10217-10212.pdf
Jan 25, 1963 https://www.archives.gov/files/research/jfk/releases/2018/104-10217-10228.pdf


Talking with and listening to others in similar circumstances can be just what you need to get through a tough time.
The support group consists of families and caregivers who are dealing with the challenges of youngsters with complex emotional and behavioral needs. Through sharing experiences we can help you find options or discover approaches that may help in coping with your situation.
Your privacy and confidentiality are respected and maintained.
Support groups and all programs sponsored by FSOBC are provided at no cost.
We hope to see you at our next support group!


Whether a budding musician or a seasoned pro, the ever-evolving world of tech means making music is becoming much more of an on-the-go experience. Gone are the days when you had to stay close to your mixing desk, home studio or amp. Now, you can find an app for just about every aspect of music making. With that in mind and whatever your level, here are ten android apps for musicians which are worth checking out.
Starting today's app offerings is a very popular app for budding and experienced musician alike. Regardless of your current level of musical training, improving your rhythm and playing-by-ear is always a beneficial pastime. With that in mind, Perfect Ear 2 follows on from the highly successful Perfect Ear app and is a great tool for ear training.
An essential ingredient for any musician is a good drum or loop machine. Drumgenius is a perfect example of the type of app which can emulate a drum and loop machine. This one contains over 367 loops and covering all genres from Jazz through to Rock.
In music land, one of the most popular types of apps is guitar tuners. This is partly because they completely remove the need to carry a physical tuner with you. As such, there are plenty of guitar tuner apps to choose from. A good pick of what's available though is PitchLab Guitar Tuner.
Now you have sorted out your drum loops and your guitar is all ready and tuned, you might have started thinking about performing and recording. Although, an app is never going to offer a true recording experience, some apps will provide you with a decent enough ability to record on the fly and see how you are sounding. Smart Voice Recorder is one of them.
Any experienced musician (and those budding ones who are already learning) will know one of the most difficult aspects to initially master is perfecting your rhythm. As such, a good rhythm building app is essential. Metronomes are a great way to keep your rhythm and timing tight.
Likewise, if you are looking for a drum based metronome app then this might be the one worth checking out. Drum Metronome offers forty different select drum patterns and the BPM can be adjusted from 60 through to 300.
The newer wave of musicians will be well versed when it comes to Midi controllers and what can be achieved with them. As such, there are more advanced Midi controller app becoming available each year. Compared to some of the other apps, these are far more advanced and technical, but if you know what you are doing, great things can be achieved.
OK, first up it does need to be stated that this is a Demo version only. As such, the functionality of this app is limited unless you buy the full unlocked version which goes for $19.99. That said, a studio mixer and recorder is essential for those that want to fine tune and perfect their recordings on the fly. The benefit of this Demo version is you can at least check out the functionality and see if it is right for you before handing over you hard earned money.
Similar to ear training, another essential ingredient for musicians is sheet music. Whether you are just looking to improve your sheet reading skills or are looking for an app which offers a good selection of scores then MuseScore might be worth checking out. The app will allow you to hear the scores being played first, as well as adjust the tempo if needed.
While all of the apps so far have been technical based apps, closing out today's list is a far more subtle app for musicians. Whether you are looking for your next source of inspiration or looking for a way to promote your music then SoundCloud is an excellent option. Here you will find the most on-trend offerings as well as great mixes of the classics.


All 11 people who were arrested following the fatal stabbing of teenager Seydou Diarrassouba in Oxford Street on Boxing Day have been released on bail, police have confirmed.
Scotland Yard said that the eleven suspects – whose ages range from 16 to 22 – have all been bailed until January.
Diarrassouba, who was 18, died on Monday after a fight broke out in the Oxford Street branch of Foot Locker.
A post-mortem later revealed he died from a stab wound to the heart.
In a second incident on Boxing Day a 21-year-old was stabbed in the leg at nearby Oxford Circus.
The second victim, who has not been named, survived his injuries.
Police have made no arrests in connection with the second attack and have so far not said if there is a link between the two stabbings.
The motive for the fight which broke out in the shop remains unclear, with authorities appealing for witnesses who may have filmed the incident on their mobile phones.
Detective Superintendent John Sweeney told reporters: 'Our sympathy goes out to the family of the victim at this time and we are appealing for witnesses to come forward.
Meanwhile, reports have suggested that Diarrassouba – who was from Mitcham in south London – had been facing charges of assault and robbery, and had appeared in court just a week before his death.
The teenager, who allegedly stole a Blackberry from one of his victims, had been due to stand trial in the new year.


Android is more emphasizing on their graphics used in application. To make application user friendly and easy to access, there is Layout in android application. This advanced feature enhances the user-ability and also brings ease for programmer to create user friendly UI.
Relative Layout in Android, let programmer to position their user interactive component based on the nearby (relative or sibling) components position. It is the most flexible layout in android application development, that allow you to position your component to display in anywhere you want (if you know how to "relative" it).


text:
Les Falcons de Fresno sont une franchise professionnelle de hockey sur glace en Amérique du Nord qui a évolué dans la West Coast Hockey League puis dans l'ECHL. L'équipe était basée à Fresno en Californie.

Historique
La franchise est créée en 1995 et joue dans la WCHL jusqu'en 2003 où elle rejoint l'ECHL. De 2004 à 2008, elle est affiliée à différentes équipes pour lesquelles elle est le club-école : les Barons de Cleveland de 2004 à 2006, les Sharks de Worcester de 2006 à 2008 et les IceHogs de Rockford en 2008 pour la Ligue américaine de hockey ; les Sharks de San José de 2004 à 2008 puis les Blackhawks de Chicago en 2008-2009 pour la Ligue nationale de hockey. Le , l'équipe cesse ses activités en cours de saison pour raisons financières.

Statistiques
Pour les significations des abréviations, voir statistiques du hockey sur glace.

En WCHL

| 1 || 1995-1996 || 58 || 30 || 21 || 7 || 270 || 232 || 67 || align="left"|, WCHL || align="left"|Finalistes || John Olver
|-
| 2 || 1996-1997 || 64 || 38 || 20 || 6 || 313 || 254 || 82 || align="left"|, WCHL || align="left"|Défaite au  tour || Guy Gadowsky
|-
| 3 || 1997-1998 || 64 || 33 || 29 || 2 || 273 || 262 || 68 || align="left"|, division WCHLS || align="left"|Défaite au  tour || Guy Gadowsky
|-
| 4 || 1998-1999 || 70 || 35 || 31 || 4 || 257 || 296 || 74 || align="left"|, division WCHLS || align="left"|Défaite au  tour || Guy Gadowsky
|-
| 5 || 1999-2000 || 72 || 27 || 38 || 7 || 262 || 307 || 61 || align="left"|, division Sud || align="left"|Défaite au  tour || Blaine Moore
|-
| 6 || 2000-2001 || 72 || 44 || 22 || 6 || 259 || 221 || 94 || align="left"|, division WCHLS || align="left"|Défaite au  tour || Blaine Moore
|-
| 7 || 2001-2002 || 72 || 33 || 31 || 8 || 242 || 267 || 74 || align="left"|, division Sud || align="left"|Vainqueurs || Blaine Moore
|-
| 8 || 2002-2003 || 72 || 35 || 28 || 9 || 243 || 235 || 79 || align="left"|, WCHL || align="left"|Finalistes || Blaine Moore

En ECHL

| 9 || 2003-2004 || 72 || 23 || 43 || 0 || 6 || 187 || 275 || 52 || align="left"|, division Sud || align="left"|Non qualifiés || Blaine MooreGreg Spenrath
|-
| 10 || 2004-2005 || 72 || 39 || 25 || 3 || 5 || 204 || 217 || 86 || align="left"|, division Ouest || align="left"|Non qualifiés || Greg Spenrath
|-
| 11 || 2005-2006 || 72 || 43 || 15 || 5 || 9 || 230 || 205 || 100 || align="left"|1 place, division Pacifique || align="left"|Défaite en finale d'association || Matt Thomas
|-
| 12 || 2006-2007 || 72 || 34 || 29 || 5 || 4 ||  195|| 197 || 77 || align="left"| , division Pacifique || align="left"|Défaite au deuxième tour || Matt Thomas
|-
| 13 || 2007-2008 || 72 || 42 || 22 || 4 || 4 || 242 || 216 || 92 || align="left"| , division Pacifique || align="left"|Défaite au deuxième tour || Matt Thomas
|-
| 14 || 2008-2009 || 30 || 18 || 10 || 1 || 1 || 82 || 82 || 92 || align="left"| , division Ouest || align="left"|Ne termine pas la saison || Matt Thomas

Personnalités

Logos

Références

Falcons de Fresno

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Akestra™ is a remarkable thermoplastic with a sparkling glass-like appearance. It can be used as a polystyrene alternative for heat resistant thin wall containers, a polycarbonate alternative for durable "dishwasher proof" transparent products, and a glass alternative for hot-fill food containers. Akestra™ 90 is comparable to PETG in transparency, but with more than 10°C superior Tg and 20% higher flexural modulus and fully compatible with conventional PET. Akestra™ is available in Europe.


Bio: Tommy Vercetti is a 35 year old punk just out of serving 15 years in the slammer. He's connected with the Forelli family in Liberty City, and has been seen with lawyer, Ken Rosenberg, at Escobar International Airport.
Bio: A well-dressed 32 year old. Recently arrived in Vice City with his brother who got killed during Sonny Forelli's drug deal which went bad under Vercetti's supervision. Now Lance is fighting with Tommy and will stop at nothing to avenge his brother's death.
Bio: A 33 year old high-strung lawyer, trying to cultivate his relationship with his mob "friends" up North for 8 years. Which is why he was so overly enthusiastic to pick up their men at the drug deal - which went bad. Now he has to save face with the Liberty City mob or suffer the harsh consequences.
Bio: Head of the Forelli crime family in Liberty City. Believed to have major influence in racketeering, gambling, union trouble, corruption, and prostitution. Evidently he instructed several mob killings, however only minor charges stuck. Telephone records reveal he has made calls to lawyer, Ken Rosenberg.
Bio: A retired Colonel and acquaintance of Ken Rosenberg, who he helped set up the failed exchange that brought Tommy to Vice City. Cortez likes to throw extravagant parties on his over-sized yacht on the bay. Vice City's most influential citizens often attend his soirees, as does his lovely daughter, Mercedes. These gatherings usually provide chance to talk to local crime bosses.
Bio: One of the most influential and powerful criminals in Vice City. A 51 year old strong willed southerner who's firmly routed to his convictions. He serves up advice like it was universal holy truth.
Bio: Diaz, a.k.a Mr. Coke, suffers from Napoleon-complex, which explains his huge gun collection. He bribed INS for a Green Card in 1978 and is believed to be a major player in the narcotics industry. He gives to various foundations across Vice City, as well as Central and South America. Diaz has been mixed up in a long running battle for control of business in Vice City.
Bio: A Viet Nam veteran, awarded the Purple Heart for obliterating an entire Vietcong village. He currently runs a local gang of bikers in his bar 'The Greasy Chopper'. He has been jailed on 13 occasions as a result for his love of bar fights, eating live animals, wrestling, racing motorbikes, and urinating in public places.
Bio: A film director with a weird obsession with sharks and piles of mashed potatoes. He has been spotted at various parties with organised crime. He is apparently seeking any money he can get to finance his next big film.
Bio: This cuban warlord runs his father's café in Little Havana. He's had a long term feud with Haitian criminals and wants to control their turf, even if it means a fully blown war. His bravery is questioned as he has never been personally implicated in a crime.
Bio: A very large elderly Haitian matriarch, extremely dangerous if your unlucky enough to get on her bad side. She's believed to be involved in an age-old feud with Cuban crime families for control of eastern and Downtown Vice City. She's heavily protected by Haitian thugs at all times.
Bio: A redneck arms dealer, member of several gun clubs in Vice City. Probably involved in the weapons trade. Cassidy claims to have served in various divisions of the U.S Army. Military records show he was repeatedly rejected for service. Most likely due to the fact he distills "Boomshine" and is almost constantly drunk.
Information on other characters is still under construction.


text:
Ira Glass:Tips on storytelling
Slide design: signal vs. noise (redux)
Signal-to-Noise ratio and the elimination of the nonessential
One of the coolest, most useful books I have on my shelf is Universal Principles of Design. This is a beautifully simple book and one that is immensely useful, a must for professionals and leaders from any discipline. The subtitle of the book pretty much sums it up: "100 Ways to Enhance Usability, Influence Perception, Increase Appeal, Make Better Design Decisions, and Teach Through Design." Even trained designers will want this book somewhere on their shelf. Each of the 100 principles — most of them applicable to presentation design — is summarized with great clarity and with good visual examples in just two pages. References are given for each principle for those who want to go deeper, but for a quick reference, this book can't be beat.
The principles are presented in alphabetical order, beginning with "80/20 Rule" and "Accessibility," and finishing 210 pages later with "Uncertainty Principle" and "Weakest Link." Between the principles of "Shaping" and "Similarity" you will find a good summary of the "Signal-to-Noise Ratio" (SNR). The SNR principle is borrowed from more technical fields such as radio communications and electronic communication in general, but the principle itself is applicable to design and communication problems in virtually any field. The authors sum up the signal-to-noise ratio this way:
The ratio of relevant to irrelevant information in a display. The highest possible signal-to-noise ratio is desirable in design.
Above: A couple of older slides (from a Steve Ballmer keynote in 2005) with rather low signal-to-noise ratios.
Above: Even Steve Jobs can present simple data in a way that complicates rather than simplifies (or did the faux marble texture and 3D help illuminate?). Note too that the baseline starts at 1000 (though it is hard to tell where the baseline is).
"Excess is noise"
Ensuring the highest possible signal-to-noise ratio means communicating (designing) clearly with as little degradation to the message as possible. Degradation to the message can occur in many ways such as with the selection of inappropriate charts, using ambiguous labels and icons, or unnecessarily emphasizing items such as lines, shapes and symbols, etc. that do not play a key role in support of the message. In other words, if the item can be removed without compromising function, then strong consideration should be given to minimizing the element or removing it all together. For example, lines in grids or tables can often be made quite thin, lightened, or even removed. And footers and logos, etc. can usually be removed with good results (assuming your company "allows" you to). In a nutshell, the authors put it this way:
Every element in a design should be expressed to the extent necessary, but not beyond the extent necessary. Excess is noise.
In Visual Explanations, Edward Tufte refers to an important principle in harmony with SNR called "the smallest effective difference":
"Make all visual distinctions as subtle as possible, but still clear and effective."
— Edward Tufte
Related to the smallest effective difference is Occam's razor, which both Tufte and the authors of The Universal Principles of Design point out. Tufte sums up the Occam's razor this way:
"What can be done with fewer is done in vain with more."
Tufte goes on to say that a "...happy consequence of an economy of means is a graceful richness of information, for small differences allow more differences."
Above: This is a fake "Before" slide I made up rather quickly. The data being displayed is extremely simple, yet the eyes have to work pretty hard to get at the data. 98 new members in the first quarter of 2007 would be a very significant fact for the club, but perhaps a declarative sentence on the slide rather than a title would be more appropriate. The "noise" can be reduced in myriad ways (below).
Above: Examples of simpler ways to show the same data. Even the baseline was removed (left) since the bars define the endpoint, still a thin baseline may be appropriate as Tufte points out in The Visual Display of Quantitative Information. There are many ways to display this kind of basic data; the two slides above are not necessarily "the best" way.
But is the non-essential always "noise"?
Do design elements which are not absolutely essential necessarily detract from a design? Occam's razor says that unnecessary elements decrease the design's efficiency and increase the possibility of unintended consequences. But does this mean that we must be ruthless and remove everything which is not absolutely "essential" to a design? There are those who say a minimalist approach is certainly best (and also beautiful); I tend to fall in to that camp. But efficiency itself is not necessarily an absolute good or always the ideal. (Would one admire the work of an efficient purse-snatcher for example?) Nonetheless, when it comes to the display of quantitative information (charts, tables, graphs, etc.), I strongly favor display designs which include the highest SNR as possible. With other visuals, however, we may want to consider including or retaining elements which serve to support the message at a more emotional level. This may seem like a contradiction with the principle of a high SNR, or the Occam's razor, and the idea that "less is more." However, sometimes emotional elements matter (sometimes a lot). John Maeda pointed this out in his book, The Laws of Simplicity. Maeda insists that the principle of reduction (removing the nonessential) is important, but he also admits that emotion is very important as well and that often more emotion is better than less:
"When emotions are considered above everything else, don't be afraid to add more ornament or layers of meaning."
— John Maeda
Design makes things clear, Maeda says, but art — the stuff of emotions — makes us wonder. Design can bring clarity to a message, art can help bring meaning. "Sometimes...clarity alone is not the best design solution." Presentation design is as much art as it is science, and, of course, aesthetics do matter. The Aesthetic-Usability Effect (also in the Universal Principles of Design) says that "aesthetic designs are perceived as easier to use than less-aesthetic designs." First impressions based on aesthetics are important, for example, as the way people think about or interact with a design will be influenced at some level by how the design looks or feels (to them). Clarity and the reduction of the nonessential are important, but we need to remember too that how a design looks influences perception.
The Google website is often mentioned when talking about sites that have cut everything visually except that which is essential. Yet there is emotion there too; the logo is large, colorful, and even "playfully seasonal."
As with all things...balance
Understanding what is noise and what is excess is an important design consideration. As pointed out in this paper by Michael Albers on SNR in documentation, what is considered noise will depend on the context. "An excess of noise can occur from either too much or too little information," says Albers. "... much of the real difficulties in communicating information do not fall within the technical realm. [They] fall within the people realm which revolves around the contextual aspects of the information." Use depends, then, on our particular circumstance, audience, and objectives. Ideas like SNR are good principles, but not rules to be blindly followed. In my opinion, designs with a high signal-to-noise ratio are not only generally clear, they often look good as well. But in the end, SNR is one principle among many to consider when creating visual messages.
Related links from Presentation Zen
• 2-D or not 2-D
• Noise and the elimination of the non-essential
• Wabi-Sabi and Presentation Visuals (part I)
• Wabi-Sabi and Presentation Visuals (part II)
• Wabi-sabi simplicity as it relates to interface design (from 37 Signals)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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The "Free Market" Doesn't Exist, and Doesn't Work
Social System Analysis / Corporate Systems / The "Free Market" Doesn't Exist, and Doesn't W...
Eric Armstrong 16 May 2017 Corporate Systems
The concept of a "free market" is a seductive idea that has captured the attention of many bright people. Unfortunately, that theory overlooks the realities of complex systems. (Based on a response I sent to a message from a free-market advocate.)
Free-market advocate Russell Nelson (the "angry economist") wrote to me, saying:
As long as the political process dominates the economic process (as it does), then the economic process will have a strong interest in dominating the political process. There are two steps necessary for recovering our nation from the morass it has fallen into:
People must realize that their control of markets through their purchases is infinitely more sublime, active, concentrated, and inescapable than through the political process. People must give up trying to control economics through politics.
Once politicians have no influence over the market process, they will have nothing to sell to market entities. They won't like that, and they'll continue to try to gain power. People will need to resist that.
Essentially, we need a "freedom of markets" amendment to the Constitution.
Ah. A free market advocate. I used to belong to that camp, so I'm familiar with the core beliefs.
The Problem of Time Lag
The Problem of Awareness-Prevention
The Problem of Zero Incentives
Unfortunately, that concept neglects the time lag built into the system. For example the science behind the deadly effects of partially hydrogenated oils has been known since the 50's. It took until the 90's for widespread awareness of the dangers among the general public, and until 2006 for labeling to be required — much less making the ingredient illegal.
The free-market concept also fails to take into account the ability of well-financed campaigns to manipulate public opinion to a corporation's benefit, the incredible difficulty of educating the public even with respect to its own health in the absence of such funding, and the enormous harm that results, in the interim.
Tobacco companies fought such a rear-guard action in the 80's, with fake "research institutions" whose job it was to present "the other side" to the media and to politicians. Oil companies did the same thing in the 1990's, to fight awareness of climate change.
You express the belief that disinformation campaigns would not be necessary, were it not for the potential of legislation. But the power of legislation lies in its ability to rapidly embody wisdom. And even if we remove legislation from the equation, those campaigns would still be necessary to impede the rate at which the public becomes informed.
The power of legislation lies in its ability to rapidly embody wisdom. Click To Tweet
But even absent all of those obstructionist forces, the simple fact is that the time it takes for the market to become aware puts profits in the hands of the unscrupulous, and causes irreparable harm to those who have yet to become informed. (No one, meanwhile, can be fully informed about everything — which is why legislation can have such a beneficial impact on society.)
And it gets worse! When the public does become informed, what's to stop a corporation from simply changing the label of a harmful ingredient? Corporations tried to do just that, when in 2003 the FDA enacted labeling laws, to take effect in 2006. They tried to change the name of partially hydrogenated oils to something else. Similarly, they wanted to change "high fructose corn syrup" to just "corn syrup". But in each case, the FDA was on the ball, and stopped them. Absent such a regulating agency, what then?
I became rather less enamored of giant corporations, and less trusting of their benevolence, when I began to research the ingredients in the food supply that are causing America's epidemic levels of obesity, cancer, and coronary artery disease, as described in What's Wrong with American Foods? The two most prominent ingredients are high fructose corn syrup and partially hydrogenated soybean oil, neither of which were in the food supply 30 years ago.
Those ingredients are highly profitable, so they continue to be used. Meanwhile, the medical industry and the diet industries profit from the harm they cause. Yes, there are multiple causes for disease and obesity, but the two I mentioned play a significant role. They account in large measure for the increasing percentages of the population that have these problems.
But there is no incentive in the current economic system to solve such problems, much less a "free market" system.
The problems mostly go away by using more costly, healthier ingredients in everything we eat (and I do mean everything. If you begin reading food labels you'll be in for a shock). People become healthier, medical costs go down, and diets become unnecessary. People become more energetic, as well, so productivity improves.
Food companies have no incentive to take such actions, however, absent massive public education. But it will take a truly massive educational campaign to counteract the advertising generated by multiple conglomerates who are pedaling adulterated foods, and profiting from it. Who will pay for that education program? Corporations have the means. Public health advocates do not.
Drug companies and the medical industry have every incentive to treat disease, none to prevent it. So they're not going to engage in the education we need. HMOs and insurance companies have done some. They even have some incentive. But they also profit from people's fear of disease, and by denying treatment. (They do try to educate to some extent, but there is only so much they can do — and they can be sadly misinformed by medical educations that were sponsored by drug companies.)
It's not that the drug companies, HMOs, and insurance companies are consciously implicit in the problems. It's just that nowhere in our economic system is there any incentive to address the real problem. "Free markets" do nothing to address that fundamental issue.
Government, of course, has motivation, on behalf of the people. In European countries, they also have the means, and they are aided and abetted by more consciously-directed corporations, which are required by law to have employee representatives and representatives of the local community on the Board of Directors. But in America, where corporate money effectively determines the outcome of elections, where tax loopholes deprive the government of funding, and where corporations run each other without input from average Americans, the government has little in the way of means.
In summary, then, the way America's social systems are currently put together, there is no person or enterprise that has both the motivation and the means to solve the problems. Those with the motivation have no means, and those with the means have no motivation.
No one has both the motivation and the means to solve society's major problems. Click To Tweet
Now, that litany is merely where I started. During 5 months of research for a book on the subject, I became even more alarmed by impact of these corporations on the environment and the global economy. I don't expect you to find these arguments convincing, because it's only when one sees the system as a whole that the relationships become clear (for that, see the link below).
Social Systems Analysis — to see the system as a whole
Russel's response
Free Market Redux | Treelight.com May 16, 2017 (10:08 pm)
[…] The "Free Market" Doesn't Exist, and Doesn't Work, I began a dialogue over the relative merits of free market economies. That article received an […]
Democracy Under Attack – In the Media
Stocks are Intrinsically Worthless
The Systems View, Part III: Social Security "Reform" is Not Advisable
The Systems View, Part II – Financial Markets and Corporate Short-Term Thinking
The Systems View, Part I – The Environment and Corporations
Corporations – The Good News


such a beautiful wedding to end our wedding season of 2018. so grateful for every couple who trusted us with their day & for the fact that I get to work beside some of my favorite humans, J.AustinPhoto & my hubs.
The first encounter I had with this day was being greeted with acoustic worship being sung throughout the bridal cottage. I instantly was reminded what this day was to be about—the gospel. Prayer and worship were the foundation to this day and I'll never get over how beautiful it made each captured moment. So much overflowing thankfulness to be the one to capture this day. We love the Truhe's.


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Samir Frangieh (4 December 1945 – 11 April 2017) was a Lebanese politician and a leftist intellectual. He was a member of the Lebanese Parliament. He was from the Frangieh family, one of the well-known political families of Lebanon.

Early life
Frangieh was born in Zgharta on 4 December 1945. He hailed from an old political family, Frangieh family. He is the son of Hamid Kabalan Frangieh and Lamia Michel (née Raffoul). Hamid Frangieh was the elder brother of Suleiman Frangieh who was the President of Lebanon in the period 1970-1976. Therefore, Suleiman Frangieh Jr. and Samir Frangieh were cousins.

Career
Frangieh was a leading journalist. He contributed to many leading publications, including L'Orient (1970), L'Orient-Le Jour (1971–1975), Le Monde diplomatique, Libération, An Nahar, As Safir and Financial Times.

He joined the Lebanese Communist Party and left it in 1967. He was the founder of the Lebanese Communist Union which was disestablished in 1970. He was also a member of the National Movement Center. During the term of President Émile Lahoud, Frangieh was one of the opposition leaders, who tried to challenge close allies of the president. The opposition group was also led by Rafik Hariri and Walid Jumblatt. Frangieh was a political ally of Jumblatt.

Frangieh was also one of the founders of the Qornet Shehwan Gathering. In addition, he was part of the 14 March Alliance and a member of its general secretariat. He was the author of "Beirut manifesto" that was published in Le Monde on 22 June 2004. The manifesto, which was signed by Lebanese intellectuals and eminent public figures, challenged the dominance of Syria in Lebanon.

In the 2005 general elections, he became a member of the Lebanese Parliament, representing Zgharta. However, in the general elections of 2009, Frangieh was not included in the election list of the March 14 alliance.

Personal life and death
Frangieh was married to Anne Mourani with whom he had two children. He was the author of The Journey to the Extreme of Violence that was published in 2011. He died on 11 April 2017 in Beirut's Hotel Dieu Hospital.

References

External links
Samir Frangieh on Ehden Family Tree

20th-century journalists
20th-century Lebanese writers
21st-century journalists
21st-century Lebanese writers
1945 births
2017 deaths
Commandeurs of the Légion d'honneur
Deaths from cancer in Lebanon
Samir
Lebanese journalists
Lebanese Maronites
March 14 Alliance
Members of the Parliament of Lebanon
People from Zgharta
Lebanese Communist Party politicians


We are happy to host a variety of events throughout the year that the community can join in on! We have a variety of different events every year but a few that happen every year. The Aviation Day static display and car show in October always draws a crowd. We also host events like homecoming festivities, career days, safety symposiums, and more at our facilities located at Melbourne International Airport. With the Melbourne Air and Space Show being hosted right here at KMLB, we are sure there will be plenty to do at FIT Aviation in the future!
We hope that you will be able to join us at some of our upcoming events. If you would like to know more information about the events, just contact us and we will have someone reach out to you!


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International Regatta of Bathtubs
Dinant, Belgium
This annual Belgian water race attracts bathtub captains from all over the world.
http://www.sosauce.com/blog/wp-content/upl... (Sosauce)
Left: http://www.sosauce.com/blog/wp-content/upl... (Sosauce)
Top Places in Belgium
Jeanneke Pis
Museum of Carrots
Raeren, Belgium
Fort Eben-Emael
Bassenge, Belgium
Sailing is a gentlemen's sport, and rowing attracts world-class athletes, but a waterborne race where one can do whatever they want? That's where the real challenge lies. At least that's the mentality behind Belgium's International Regatta of Bathtubs – a refreshing mix of sun, surf and beer in the tiny town of Dinant.
Held each year along the Meuse River, La Regate des Baignoires, as it's known in its native tongue, is exactly what it sounds like. An event where creativity counts, all the entrants must do is launch a seaworthy (or riverworthy, as it were) craft that consists of at least one bathtub. A purist might complain that the event can hardly be called a "bathtub regatta" since the tub is often hidden or dressed up by more elaborate fixtures used for floatation - and decoration - but most spectators prefer the current mix of animal-shaped, house-inspired and landfill–claimed crafts that participate.
Still going strong after more than 20 years, sportsmanship is not lost in this unwieldy competition. Rules exist outlawing motors, crafts lacking a bathtub and attempts by contestants to sink other vessels. One battle they do gladly engage in, however, is the spirited launching of buckets of water at one another as they float slowly up the river in the hot sun. Perennially growing crowds gather from miles around each year to sit along the riverbank and enjoy fine Belgian beers, laughing at the outrageous boats and relaxing in the sun.
wondrous performances inspired inventions watery wonders
Mark Casey
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8203797.stm
http://www.2camels.com/international-regatta-of-bathtubs.php
http://www.neatorama.com/2009/11/24/10-quirky-sporting-events/
Dinant, 5500
The Charles de Gaulle Saxophone Bridge
Grotto of St Anthony of Padua
Bois du Cazier
A whimsical bridge uses saxophones to pay tribute to two great men and the European Union.
Assesse, Belgium
This collection of lurid religious statues tell the tales of a saint who stood down the devil.
Charleroi, Belgium
This former coal mine, now a fascinating museum, was the site of Belgium's worst mining disaster.
Genappe, Belgium
Abbaye de Villers
A magical and peaceful ruined Cistercian abbey in what is now southern Belgium.
Weeki Wachee: City of Live Mermaids
Welcome to old Florida, where a 1940s mermaid show is still enchanting visitors.
The Lehigh Barge and the Waterfront Museum Showboat Barge
Lehigh Valley barge No. 79 still gets tugged along - but now it houses a museum and unusual performances.
Hoover Dam Old Exhibit Building
Experience a charming 1930's version of "infotainment."
Grindavík, Iceland
Medicinal spa created with the discharge from a geothermal energy plant.


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Where do those medals come from? NY school designs World University Games centerpiece
Neal Simon
The Evening Tribune
Each time the more than 250 gold, silver and bronze medals are awarded at the 2023 FISA World University Games this month, the talents of Alfred University students and professors share the podium spotlight with the triumphant athletes.
That's because the centerpiece of each medal features an inlaid phosphorescent recycled glass disc engineered and produced by Alfred University.
The largest winter multi-sport collegiate athletic event in the world, the 11 days of World University Games are being held in Lake Placid and the surrounding Adirondack region through Sunday.
Medal imagery resembles an Adirondack mountain ridge
The "one-of-a-kind medals" embody not only the spirit of the games, but also "the ethos of New York state as a leader in sustainability, expression and innovation worldwide," according to Ashley Walden, Adirondack Sports Council executive director, the Games' Organizing Committee.
The medals were designed by Glens Falls-based Sidekick Creative and the shape departs from a traditional circular medal. The design evokes a block of ice and the cornered edge resembles an Adirondack mountain ridge.
At the core of each medal is a recycled glass disc infused with copper oxide to deliver an icy blue hue. The event logo is engraved in the glass insert, which features rare earth elements europium oxide, dysprosium oxide and samarium oxide, giving it a luminescent orange, red and yellow glow when exposed to ultraviolet light.
More:Millions in NY money has made Lake Placid a winter sports capital ahead of University Games
For subscribers:What's next for Hornell's old Steuben County Courthouse building that's under new ownership
Pests:Bugs of winter: Why you see more stink bugs, lady beetles in your home this time of year
AU 'world-renowned' for glass science, engineering programs
"Alfred University is proud and honored to provide our wealth of expertise to this important sustainable effort," said Gabrielle Gaustad, dean of the Inamori School of Engineering at AU. "Our staff of glass science and engineering professors and researchers are world-renowned for their work in this field and working together with our students they have delivered a fascinating and beautiful product that will make New York state stand out among hosts of international sporting events."
Bill LaCourse, professor of Glass Science at the Inamori School of Engineering at Alfred University, called "collaboration and discovery alongside engineering students" the highlight of his career as an educator.
"Knowing that our work together will be featured in such a prominent way, celebrating the achievements of university athletes from across the globe, gives me great pride and only adds to the legacy and renown of Alfred University and the New York State College of Ceramics."
Follow Neal Simon on Twitter @HornellTribNeal. To get unlimited access to the latest news, please subscribe or activate your digital account today.
© 2023 www.pressconnects.com. All rights reserved.


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+ Public Service: As Weather Clears in Southeast, Hams Continue to Provide Support
FCC Commissioner Meredith Attwell Baker to Leave FCC in June
+ ARRL EXPO at the Dayton Hamvention®: Where the DX Comes to You!
+ Amateur Radio in Space: Celebrating 50 Years of OSCAR I and Amateur Radio Satellites
+ Honoring Amateur Radio: Maine Honors Hams on World Amateur Radio Day
+ On the Air: Annual Armed Forces Day Crossband Test Scheduled for May 14
Amateur Radio in the Classroom: High School Radio Club to Offer Free Foxhunting Transmitter Kits
Amateur Radio in the Classroom: RIT Students Successfully Launch High Altitude Balloon
2011 ARRL/TAPR Digital Communications Conference Call for Papers
+ Silent Key: Noted DXer Ben Stevenson, W2BXA (SK)
Even though the storms that raged through the Southeast have long gone, the damage and heartache they left in their wake are still present. In Alabama, the state that felt the biggest brunt of the storms, hams made their way to fire stations, emergency operations centers and shelters -- anywhere they were told that they were needed.
MIckey Gillespie, KJ4KZT, helps to provide communications support near Tuscaloosa, Alabama after the rash of tornadoes that swept through the area at the end of April. [Roger Smith, Photo]
Calling it his first experience with an EF-5 tornado, ARRL Southeastern Division Director Greg Sarratt, W4OZK, said that the devastation is "mind-boggling! ARES® successfully provided a massive amount of critical communications, got repeaters back on the air, with no utility power. It took five days before significant utility power was restored; my power was restored on the evening of Day Six. ARES® has gone above and beyond in supporting multiple government and not-government organizations and conducting many other tasks, all at once. ARES® works!" Read more here.
FCC Commissioner Meredith Attwell Baker will be leaving the FCC next month to take a position with NBCUniversal.
On May 12, FCC Commissioner Meredith Attwell Baker announced that she would be leaving her post on June 3 -- just 27 days before her term expires -- creating a Republican vacancy on the Commission. Chairman Julius Genachowski, along with Commissioners Michael Copps and Mignon Clyburn, are Democrats, while Commissioner Robert McDowell is a Republican. Only three sitting Commissioners may be of the same political party.
Baker was nominated by President Barack Obama on June 25, 2009 and sworn in just five weeks later. She filled the unexpired term of fellow Republican and former Chairman Kevin J. Martin, who resigned in January 2009; her term is set to expire June 30, 2011.
Baker will join Comcast as its Senior Vice President of Government Affairs, NBCUniversal. "I've been privileged to serve in government for the past seven years under President Obama at the FCC and President [George W.] Bush at NTIA," she said in a statement released by Comcast. "I'm excited to embark on a new phase of my career with Comcast and NBCUniversal." Read more here.
ARRL Midwest Division Director Cliff Ahrens, K0CA, goes over a DXCC application at the ARRL EXPO at the 2010 Dayton Hamvention. [S. Khrystyne Keane, K1SFA, Photo]
ARRL Membership and Volunteer Programs Manager Dave Patton, NN1N, reports that plans for a plethora of DX activities at the ARRL EXPO -- part of the 2011 Dayton Hamvention® -- are wrapping up. "We are excited about the activities that will be taking place," he said. "Visitors to the EXPO will see a lot of activities relating to DX, including DXCC card checking, a chance to drop off QSL cards for the ARRL Outgoing QSL Bureau and even an expanded International Amateur Radio Union area." The Dayton Hamvention will take place May 20-22 at Hara Arena, located near Dayton, Ohio. Read more here.
By ARRL News Editor S. Khrystyne Keane, K1SFA
1961. It was the middle of the Cold War. John F. Kennedy is inaugurated as the 35th President of the United States. The Bay of Pigs invasion fails in Cuba. The Beatles perform for the first time at the Cavern Club in Liverpool. Freedom Riders are arrested in Jackson, Mississippi for "disturbing the peace" after disembarking from their bus. Construction of the Berlin Wall begins. Roger Maris of the New York Yankees hits his 61st home run in the last game of the season, beating the 34 year old record held by Babe Ruth. Barbie gets a boyfriend when Mattel introduces the Ken doll.
Launched into space on December 12, 1961, OSCAR I was the first Amateur Radio satellite -- and the first non-government bird -- to go in to space. [Photo courtesy of AMSAT]
Just four years earlier, the Soviet Union had launched Sputnik I, the first human-made object to orbit the Earth, ushering in the Space Age. For the next 30 years, the Cold War rivalry between the US and the former Soviet Union focused on attaining firsts in space exploration. These were seen as necessary for national security and symbolic of technological and ideological superiority. The "space race" involved pioneering efforts to launch artificial satellites, sub-orbital and orbital human spaceflight around the Earth, as well as piloted voyages to the Moon.
1961. Mercury-Redstone 2 launches into space carrying Ham the Chimp. Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human in space. Alan Shepard becomes the first American in space aboard Mercury-Redstone 3. Gus Grissom, piloting the Mercury-Redstone 4 capsule Liberty Bell 7, becomes the second American to go into space. OSCAR I -- Orbiting Satellite Carrying Amateur Radio -- the very first Amateur Radio satellite, is launched into space.
ARRL Lab Test Engineer Bob Allison, WB1GCM, holds a newly functional OSCAR I. The satellite is shown with its cover open to the left, making the bird appear twice as large as it actually is. [S. Khrystyne Keane, K1SFA, Photo]
Barely four months after the successful launch of Sputnik I, the United States launches the unmanned Explorer I on January 31, 1958. At about that same time, a group of hams on the West Coast -- Lance Ginner, K6GSJ; Chuck Smallhouse, W6MGZ; Ed Beck, K6ZX; Al Diem; Chuck Townes, K6LFH (SK), and Nick Marshall, W6OLO (SK) -- begin toying with the idea of launching an Amateur Radio satellite into orbit and organized themselves into Project OSCAR. After a series of high level exchanges among Project OSCAR members, the ARRL and the US Air Force, a launch opportunity on a Thor DM-21 Agena-B rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California was secured for the very first Amateur Radio satellite: OSCAR I. It was successfully launched into a low Earth orbit on the morning of December 12, 1961 -- four years after the launch of Sputnik I. The satellite was also the world's first non-government bird.
Fifty years -- 1961 to 2011 -- is a long time -- and an important milestone, thought ARRL Lab Test Engineer Bob Allison, WB1GCM. And then he had a lightbulb moment: Why not take the back-up OSCAR I on display at ARRL Headquarters and make it work again? So W1AW Station Manager Joe Carcia, NJ1Q and Allison began tinkering with the satellite, one of three made by Project OSCAR. One of the satellites went up into space in 1961, one is on display at the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum in Washington, DC and the other was until recently sitting in a display case on the first floor of the HQ building in Newington.
The inner workings of the newly functional OSCAR I satellite at ARRL Headquarters. This bird will be on display at the ARRL EXPO at the Dayton Hamvention, transmitting "HI HI," just as it did from space 50 years ago. See a larger photo here. [S. Khrystyne Keane, K1SFA, Photo]
After much trial and error, Carcia finally got OSCAR I to transmit a signal on 145 MHz, just as the original satellite did. "Since specific technical literature on the satellite was unavailable, information taken from 1962 QST and CQ articles assisted in the reconstruction of the transmitter in the ARRL unit," Carcia explained. "Much care was given to salvage the original components, although time had taken its toll on most of the circuitry. As such, although the transmitter functions, the actual keying of the transmitter is performed using a PIC beacon keyer. Power is supplied using a standard wall-cube providing 12 V dc."
In honor of OSCAR I's 50th anniversary, the rebuilt satellite will be on display at the ARRL EXPO area at the Dayton Hamvention, May 20-22 at Hara Arena in Trotwood, Ohio. "We have hooked OSCAR I up to a dummy load running very low power, and as you walk by, you will hear it transmit "HI HI," just as the original OSCAR did 50 years ago," Allison said. Since the transmission does not identify, you won't be able to pick it up on your handheld transceiver while at Hara. Read more here.
In a joint resolution released on April 14, the Maine House and Senate recognized the nearly 5000 licensed ham radio operators in Maine and their service to the state. The resolution proclaimed April 18 Amateur Radio Day in the state. April 18 was also World Amateur Radio Day, marking the 86th anniversary of the founding of International Amateur Radio Union. Read more here.
The Army, Air Force, Navy, Marine Corps and Coast Guard are co-sponsoring the annual Military/Amateur Radio Crossband Communications Test in celebration of the 61st anniversary of Armed Forces Day ( AFD). Although the actual Armed Forces Day is celebrated on the third Saturday in May -- May 21 in 2011 -- the AFD Military/Amateur Crossband Communications Test will be conducted on May 14 to prevent conflict with the Dayton Hamvention®, scheduled for May 20-22. Read more here.
ARRL Teachers Institute Instructor and Pueblo High School math and electronics teacher Miguel Enriquez, KD7RPP, introduces foxhunting concepts to his students.
Miguel Enriquez, KD7RPP, is an Instructor with the ARRL's Teachers Institute on Wireless Technology, as well as a math and electronics teacher at Pueblo High School in Tucson, Arizona. One of his responsibilities at Pueblo is advising the school's Amateur Radio club. "Our radio club has discovered how much fun ham radio can be as a way to improve the math, science, technology and communications skills of the students," he told the ARRL. "We are also fortunate that the ARRL has been generous in providing us with equipment, materials, supplies and curricula. Without their support, we would not currently be involved in building QRP transceivers, ATV downconverters for our Amateur Television station (W7ATN), underwater robots for mapping lakes recently discovered in caves in the Southwest -- and fox hunt transmitters." Read more here.
K2GXT club members watch as their high altitude balloon gains altitude. This image was taken by the camera in the balloon. [Photo courtesy of K2GXT]
The Rochester Institute of Technology Amateur Radio Club, K2GXT, had a successful launch of RITCHIE-1 -- a custom high altitude balloon designed by members of K2GXT -- at the Imagine RIT Festival on May 7. According to RITARC Vice President Bryce Salmi, KB1LQC, the goal of the launch was not to reach high altitudes to take images, but to engineer a reliable, modular and reusable payload with good engineering practice. "Saturday's launch went perfect," Salmi told the ARRL. "The launch was streamed live to the Internet and a local television station even produced a segment for their newscast on it." The club won the Academic Award for the balloon at the festival. Read more here.
Tad " The Sun ain't gonna shine anymore" Cook, K7RA, reports: Currently, we can see six sunspot groups. A new one appeared May 5, then two more on May 8, another two on May 9 and another new one on May 11. The average sunspot number for this week rose nearly 7 points to 74.6 and geomagnetic conditions were quiet all week. But the latest forecast shows unsettled geomagnetic conditions on Thursday (today) with a planetary A index of 15, then 10, 5, 8, 8 and 10 on May 13-17, then 5 on May 18-25. Solar flux values of 95 are predicted for May 12-17, 100 and 105 on May 18-19 and 110 on May 20-30. NASA had an updated prediction for the peak of Solar Cycle 24 on May 9, and it is 7 points higher -- and one month earlier -- than the April 4 prediction. On April 4, NASA predicted the smallest cycle in 200 years, with a peak smoothed sunspot number of 62 in July 2013. This month, that estimate has been raised to 69, and the peak moved forward one month to June 2013. NASA now says this will likely be the smallest cycle in 100 years, instead of 200. Look for more information on the ARRL website on Friday, May 13. For more information concerning radio propagation, visit the ARRL Technical Information Service Propagation page. This week's "Tad Cookism" is brought to you by the Walker Brothers' The Sun Ain't Gonna Shine Anymore.
Ben Stevenson, W2BXA (SK)
Ben Stevenson, W2BXA, of Colonia, New Jersey, passed away on May 5, 2011. He was 97. An ARRL member since 1934, Stevenson was also a charter member of the North Jersey DX Association (NJDXA) since 1957, serving as its first president. Stevenson held Satellite DXCC #1, Mixed DXCC #6 (390 countries confirmed) and Phone DXCC #6 (388 countries confirmed). Read more here.
May 14 -- FISTS Spring Sprint; FOC QSO Party
May 14-15 -- Nevada Mustang Roundup; EUCW Fraternizing CW QSO Party; CQ-M International DX Contest; VOLTA WW RTTY Contest; 50 MHz Spring Sprint
May 16 -- Run for the Bacon QRP Contest
May 19 -- NAQCC Straight Key/Bug Sprint
All dates, unless otherwise stated, are UTC. See the ARRL Contest Branch page, the ARRL Contest Update and the WA7BNM Contest Calendar for more info. Looking for a Special Event station? Be sure to check out the ARRL Special Event Stations Web page.