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Justia › US Law › Case Law › Nebraska Case Law › Nebraska Supreme Court Decisions › 1988 › General Elec. Credit Corp. v. Lewis
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General Elec. Credit Corp. v. Lewis
432 N.W.2d 27 (1988)
GENERAL ELECTRIC CREDIT CORPORATION, Appellant, v. Gerald B. LEWIS, Appellee.
No. 87-314.
Supreme Court of Nebraska.
*28 Steven C. Turner and Terrence L. Michael, of Baird, Holm, McEachen, Pedersen, Hamann & Strasheim, Omaha, for appellant.
T.J. Hallinan, of Law Offices of Cobb & Hallinan, P.C., Lincoln, for appellee.
Before BOSLAUGH, SHANAHAN, and GRANT, JJ., and ENDACOTT and QUIST, District Judges.
SHANAHAN, Justice.
General Electric Credit Corporation (GECC) appeals from a summary judgment in the district court for Lancaster County, which dismissed GECC's action for a deficiency payment from a guarantor after sale of collateral pursuant to a security agreement in favor of GECC. The district court found that the notice of sale sent by GECC (creditor) to Gerald B. Lewis (guarantor) was ambiguous as a matter of law, and, therefore, GECC could not compel Lewis to satisfy the deficiency remaining after sale of collateral.
On August 7, 1981, as an inducement to GECC's prospective loan to William Thompson III and Donna Ahrens, Lewis executed and delivered to GECC a guaranty covering the present and future debts of Thompson and Ahrens to GECC. On August 10, Thompson and Ahrens entered into a loan agreement with GECC and granted GECC a security interest in a 1981 Mack truck tractor. Lewis was not a party to this security agreement.
Two years later, after Thompson and Ahrens had defaulted on their GECC loan, GECC repossessed the Mack tractor for disposition by private sale. By certified mail on November 18, 1983, GECC sent a "NOTICE OF SALE OF COLLATERAL" to Lewis:
TO: Gerald B. Lewis C/O Lewis Service Center 4101 West "O" Street Lincoln, NB 68528 PLEASE TAKE NOTICE that the following described collateral of which we have taken possession pursuant to Chattel Mortgage dated August 10, 1983 in which William Thompson III and Donna Ahrens is the Debtor and we are the Secured Party, will be sold by: ... Private Sale on or after November 30, 1983 at 2333 Waukegan Road, Bannockburn, Illinois 60015
DESCRIPTION OF COLLATERAL: One (1) 1981 Mack Truck Tractor....
At a private sale on February 7, 1984, GECC sold the Mack tractor. After application of sale proceeds to the Thompson-Ahrens debt to GECC, a deficiency of $25,000 remained. In a letter sent on February 10, GECC demanded that Lewis pay the deficiency within 10 days. Lewis refused.
*29 On June 18, 1984, GECC sued Lewis to recover the deficiency on the Thompson-Ahrens debt. Relying on Deutsche Credit Corp. v. Hi-Bo Farms, Inc., 224 Neb. 463, 398 N.W.2d 693 (1987), the district court held: "[T]he notice refers only to Thompson and Ahrens as the debtors and refers only to the chattel mortgage signed by Thompson and Ahrens and not by the defendant, the Court determines that the notice is ambiguous as a matter of law with respect to the defendant guarantor."
In this appeal, the sole issue is the sufficiency of GECC's November 18, 1983, "notice of sale" to Lewis, a guarantor, insofar as the notice relates to an action for a deficiency judgment against a guarantor after the sale of collateral under a security agreement for the principal indebtedness.
Antedating Deutsche Credit Corp. v. Hi-Bo Farms, Inc., supra, is First Nat. Bank & Trust Co. v. Hughes, 214 Neb. 42, 332 N.W.2d 674 (1983). In Hughes, Central Auto & Truck Supply, Inc., was indebted to First National Bank by a loan for which Vernor and Diana Hughes were guarantors of Central Auto's debt. When Central Auto defaulted on the loan, First National sent written notice to Vernor Hughes, as president of Central Auto, but addressed the notice to the Hughes residence. The notice informed Hughes about a prospective sale to liquidate the collateral involved in the Central Auto loan, but made no mention about the Hughes guaranty or possible personal liability, as the result of the guaranty, regarding a deficiency after sale of the collateral. This court, in Hughes, stated:
The ... notice in this case makes no reference to the guaranty; indeed, it makes reference only to the "Financing Statement ...," ... a document which was signed individually by neither Mr. Hughes nor Mrs. Hughes. In that regard the notice fails to apprise either Mr. or Mrs. Hughes that a personal deficiency judgment might be sought against any one of them in his or her capacity as guarantor of the corporation's debt. Secondly, as between Mr. Hughes and Central Auto [the corporate debtor], the matter as to whom the notice was sent is ambiguous. The interest of Mr. Hughes in this context conflicts with that of the corporation. It cannot be said that the notice, as addressed, unmistakably advises Mr. Hughes personally that he ... may be held "liable for any deficiency declared owing after disposal of this collateral." To assume that Mr. Hughes would know that a deficiency could not be obtained against the bankrupt Central Auto is to assume something not supported by the record before us.... It is the rule in this jurisdiction that compliance with the notice provisions of the Uniform Commercial Code is a condition precedent to the right of a creditor to recover a deficiency judgment. [Citations omitted.] The failure to give the requisite notice is an absolute bar to recovery. [Citations omitted.] "If the creditor wishes a deficiency judgment, he must obey the law. If he does not obey the law he cannot secure a deficiency judgment." [Quoting from Bank of Gering v. Glover, 192 Neb. 575, 223 N.W.2d 56 (1974).]
214 Neb. at 46-47, 332 N.W.2d at 677. Thus, First National Bank was unable to recover on the basis of the Hughes guaranty because "there was no notice to the guarantors" concerning a deficiency judgment. 214 Neb at 47, 332 N.W.2d at 677.
Similarly, in Deutsche Credit Corp. v. Hi-Bo Farms, Inc., supra, Dale Hinz, who was president of Hi-Bo, and Carol Hinz, who was secretary of Hi-Bo, signed a guaranty for Hi-Bo's debt to Deutsche Credit. When Hi-Bo defaulted, Deutsche Credit sent written notice to Hinzes that there would be a private sale of collateral, which was authorized by Hi-Bo's security agreement with Deutsche Credit. The notice did not mention the Hinz guaranty or prospective personal liability for any deficiency after sale of the collateral. After the private sale and an established deficiency on the Hi-Bo loan, Deutsche Credit sought to enforce the Hinz guaranty and collect the deficiency from Hinzes. In denying recovery for the deficiency, this court stated:
*30 Neb.U.C.C. § 9-504(1) (Reissue 1980) provides that after default a secured party may sell the collateral. Section 9-504(3) provides for the disposition of the collateral by public or private sale and, with certain exceptions not relevant to the present inquiry, requires that reasonable notice of the sale be sent by the secured party to the debtor. A guarantor, being one "who owes payment or other performance of the obligation secured," has been held to be a "debtor" as defined in Neb.U.C.C. § 9-105(1)(d) (Reissue 1980), and thus entitled to notice. [Citation omitted.]
224 Neb. at 465-66, 398 N.W.2d at 695.
[Hinzes] argue that the notices are, at best, ambiguous and, as such, constitute no notice at all insofar as they individually are concerned. We conclude that the notices are ambiguous as a matter of law with respect to the guarantors. They refer to but a single debtor, Hi-Bo Farms, and refer only to the security agreement executed by that debtor solely. That ambiguity is to be resolved against plaintiff as the drafter of the notices. First Nat. Bank & Trust Co. v. Hughes, 214 Neb. 42, 332 N.W.2d 674 (1983).
Since the notices are ambiguous as a matter of law and since as a matter of law the ambiguity must be resolved against plaintiff and in favor of the guarantors, the situation is, as the guarantors argue, as if no notice whatsoever had been sent to them.
Apparently implicit in First Nat. Bank & Trust Co. v. Hughes, 214 Neb. 42, 332 N.W.2d 674 (1983), and Deutsche Credit Corp. v. Hi-Bo Farms, Inc., 224 Neb. 463, 398 N.W.2d 693 (1987), is Neb.U.C.C. § 9-504 comment 5 (Reissue 1980), namely, one of the purposes of the Uniform Commercial Code notice provisions is assurance that "persons entitled to receive [notice] will have sufficient time to take appropriate steps to protect their interests." Consequently, this court has concluded that, because reasonable notice of sale is designed to give a guarantor an opportunity to protect the guarantor's interest, a notice which fails to inform the guarantor concerning an interest to protect, namely, potential liability for a deficiency after sale, is not reasonable. Therefore, to satisfy the requirement of reasonable notice, as a prerequisite concerning a guarantor's liability for a deficiency, § 9-504(3) requires that the secured party-creditor inform the guarantor of a debt concerning the guarantor's potential liability for a deficiency on sale of collateral after the principal debtor's default. Deutsche Credit Corp. v. Hi-Bo Farms, Inc., supra; First Nat. Bank & Trust Co. v. Hughes, supra.
The notice sent to Lewis, as a guarantor, is deficient in view of Deutsche Credit and Hughes, because GECC's notice failed to refer to Lewis' guaranty and did not inform Lewis that he, as a guarantor of the Thompson-Ahrens debt, would be liable for any deficiency after sale of the collateral. Instead, the notice referred only to Thompson and Ahrens as debtors, and to the "chattel mortgage" signed by those debtors. Since GECC's notice to Lewis failed to inform him that GECC would seek a personal deficiency judgment against Lewis in his capacity as a guarantor, the notice was unreasonable under § 9-504(3).
Compliance with the notice provisions of the U.C.C. is a condition precedent to recovery of a deficiency judgment against a guarantor. First Nat. Bank & Trust Co. v. Hughes, supra. GECC failed to satisfy the reasonable notice requirement of § 9-504(3) as a condition precedent to recovery on Lewis' guaranty. We, therefore, affirm the district court's summary judgment for Lewis.
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TEAM NEWS: Farke on Buendia timescale, Duda revelation and two fresh injuries
Published: 4:30 PM January 21, 2020 Updated: 7:07 PM November 22, 2020
Norwich City ace Emi Buendia faces a fitness battle for the Premier League games ahead after being ruled out against Tottenham with a quad injury Picture: Paul Chesterton/Focus Images Ltd - Credit: Paul Chesterton/Focus Images Ltd
Emi Buendia faces a race against time to be fit for Norwich City's upcoming Premier League battles, after a quad injury ruled him out of the midweek trip to Tottenham.
Head coach Daniel Farke is also planning for the FA Cup trip to Burnley this weekend without the magical midfielder.
Buendia was again influential in the vital 1-0 home win over Bournemouth but Farke revealed at Colney on Tuesday City had been forced to admit defeat after concerted efforts to get him fit for Spurs.
"We tried everything we could in the last few days to get him ready and also he was on the training pitch today (Tuesday) to try it but there was no chance to sprint or do anything," said Farke. "I am pretty sure he will be probably out for the Burnley FA Cup game but the next league game we hope he is available. Our doctors and physios have to work pretty hard now.
"He is an important player for us and I would prefer to have him available."
Buendia's absence will shift even more focus onto Ondrej Duda, after the Hertha Berlin attacking midfielder's impressive debut against the Cherries.
"We still have to build his fitness but his statistics when he came on the pitch against Bournemouth were pretty good," said Farke. "He covered an unbelievable distance, more than any other player, his tactical ability and his workload were pretty remarkable.
"It helped we could get him off in the final minutes so he rested a bit. He is capable to go further on but we have to be careful with him because he can play a crucial role for the whole season."
Ralf Fahrmann (knee) is also ruled out for Tottenham and Mario Vrancic (shin) had to cut short training on Tuesday. Ben Godfrey was already suspended for his red card against Bournemouth.
"Mario Vrancic took a knock in training on his shin and we don't think it's too bad but he had to go in," said Farke. "Ralf Fahrmann is not available. He felt some pain in his knee the last few days and Michael McGovern will be in the travelling squad. And of course Emi.
"I trust all my players. Now someone else gets a chance to shine. We know with Emi we are more competitive, with his ability to link the play and his ability to find creative solutions.
"A Jose Mourinho side is well structured and a player like Emi to find a small gap would definitely help."

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Dean Rejects Gingrich's 'Radical Islam' Fearmongering: 'Radical Anything Is What's Bad'
Faiz Shakir Feb 2, 2011, 5:45 pm
Later this month, House Homeland Security Committee Chairman Peter King (R-NY), who has referred to American Muslims as the "enemy living amongst us," will hold hearings to investigate the influence of radical Islam on America. King has said that he is focused on the U.S. Muslim community because "that's where the radicalizing threat is coming from."
Yesterday, a coalition of civil rights and faith groups sent a letter to Speaker John Boehner (R-OH), advocating that King should broaden the scope of his hearings beyond targeting the Muslim community and examine "violence motivated by extremist beliefs, in all its forms." The ranking member on King's Homeland Security Committee, Rep. Bennie Thompson (D-MS), endorsed the spirit of that request.
In his own letter to King, Thompson cited data from the Department of Homeland Security noting that neo-Nazi groups pose as much — or greater — threat than do Islamic extremists. "I believe that this Committee's exploration of the current and emerging threat environment should be a broad-based examination of domestic extremist groups," Thompson wrote, "regardless of their respective ideological underpinnings." King quickly brushed off the request to broaden the scope of the hearings. "I don't believe it warrants an answer," King said of the letters. "I am too busy preparing for the hearings."
The clash between the progressive and conservative visions for targeting extremism was on full display last night during a debate between former Speaker Newt Gingrich and former Gov. Howard Dean. Like Peter King, Gingrich harped on the need to confront "radical Islam," which he said is the most dangerous threat facing the world. Dean responded:
I'm a little uncomfortable focusing on the notion of 'radical Islam' because the truth is radical anything is what's bad, and people who use violence — (applause). … What radicals do is they polarize people to get this kind of reaction. … Intolerance breeds intolerance. And we can't fight intolerance with intolerance. … The radicals that are targeting us are in fact bigoted, misogynist, and intolerant. And if we respond that way, they've won. I'm not gonna give up what America believes in because different individuals happen to belong to a particular religion or to a particular sect.
Gingrich responded by conceding that he'd be happy to find a different term than "radical Islam," but then mused, "There have been, to the best of my knowledge, no radical Norwegians." Watch it:
A few points in response to Gingrich. First, there are radical Norwegians, just as they are radicals of different faiths, cultures, and ethnicities. Secondly, he fails to concede in his story about the Times Square Bomber that the street vendor who alerted authorities to the burning car was in fact a Muslim, and that Muslims are key allies in confronting the threat of violent extremists. And lastly, the threat of "radical Islam" is actually decreasing, according to a new analysis released today.
The Triangle Center on Terrorism and Homeland Security reports that, while 47 Muslim-Americans committed or were arrested for terrorist crimes in 2009, the number dropped to 20 this past year. Tips from the Muslim American community provided the source of information that led to a terrorist plot being thwarted in 48 of 120 cases involving Muslim Americans, according to the study. The author of the study, UNC Prof. Charles Kurzman, said, "This trend offers a challenge for the American public: If we ratchet up our security concerns when the rate of terrorism rises, should we ratchet down our concerns when it falls?"
#Islamophobia, #Newt Gingrich, #Politics, #Religion, #Terrorism


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A Chinese firm, Golden Horse Company Limited, has commenced the manufacture of electric meters in Nigeria following the approval of its application by the National Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC).
This was stated in Abuja by Mr. Mathew Uwaekwe, the National Co-ordinator, Nigeria-China Business Council. He said the company has since commenced production of the meters, and expressed the confidence that jobs will not only be created but that it would save the country millions in foreign exchange that could have been used for the importation of meters.
"The Calabar free trade zone is presently used for the production of the meters. The company has already started full manufacturing of the products," Uwaekwe said. He said the Chinese government is ready to partner with state governments on their developmental agendas and therefore encourage state governments to come up with proposals and feasibility studies on what business they would want to partner with the Chinese government, as investors will be brought in.
Mr. Jacob Wood, Chairman, Golden Horse Group, said the company was building a permanent and lasting bridge between the two countries, to help ease trading activities.


Hi Folks, Rankin here from Alabama. It was suggested that this site is the authoritative forum for caving. I'm looking forward to reading, learning and interacting with experienced caver's. I have much experience in industrial climbing and sport rappelling.
An Engineer by profession, and have somewhat of a reputation for climbing/rappelling to limited access areas. Very few Engineer's have the luxury of being able to gain access to many areas of a structure or natural feature for inspection or field determining details that don't exist otherwise. I work for myself and have for the last 19 years. Before that I worked for one Engineering firm for 18 years.
I have zero experience directly with caving and recognize it is often quite different form any sport climbing/rappelling, most notably getting back up the rope!
I will probably have many questions and concerns, I'm not scared of heights, but not too wild about "skinnying" down holes not much bigger than I am! I'll guard the rope and you can tell me about what you saw!
Hi, Rankin- welcome to the forum!
What part of AL are you in? AL is a great caving state, depending on where you are located.
Thank you, I'm in Mobile so I know most of my exploring will include a long well planed drive,,,, as are most of the climbs!
I remember visiting at least one cave in Jackson, AL just about 45 miles north. It was mostly just horizontal caving, and about 30 years ago.
There are a couple of cavers near you, Jim Selby in Mobile, and David Jarrell in Satsuma.
There are actually quite a few caves a little north of Mobile, although most if not all of them are horizontal. But the really big and deep stuff is up here in the north/northeastern part. If I understood you correctly, your primary interest seems to be in vertical caving. For that, you will have to drive a few hours.


not authorized to post. Can you or Tim or Mike do it ??
modifications. Let's keep our fingers crossed.
engine noise would disappear. Now there is a mod!!
I sent my name in; how about you?
I also spoke with Chad and another gentleman whose name escapes me.
talk again in a couple of months. I'll update you when I hear more.
> not authorized to post. Can you or Tim or Mike do it ??
They have made progress on a Musketeer-capable O320, but could not flight-test it for several reasons. They believe that the O360 is also do-able, but they do not have the internal resources right now to actively pursue the 19/23 STCs. In their eyes, we cannot offer the potential numbers, even with advance payments, that would warrant diverting their attention away from models that number in the thousands. They do seem to think that they will eventually pursue the Lycoming-equipped carbureted 19s and 23s.
The Lycoming IO360 200HP engine has presented a problem for PFS. The tuned intake runners are causing the pressure wave (being generated by the tuned exhaust) to occur roughly 180 degrees out of sync with the valve overlap event. This is detracting from the expected HP gains. They suspect that the only real solution will be to design different intake runners for the engine. They don't know what they will run into with the FAA on that aspect. They do want to pursue it, to improve the performance of their Mooney package (and probably an Arrow package). They don't seem to want to produce more systems for this engine without the solution, as the percentage of improvement is smaller than desired (therefore harder to sell). Since this is generally considered to be one of Lycoming's more efficient engines, and since most technical reviews have praised the tuned induction layout that avoids heating the induction air via the oil sump, I suspect that the core issue is that PFS is having trouble coming up with a redesign of their system that would instead optimize the existing induction design. The response to one of my questions was that they would have to make the exhaust design longer in order to match up with the induction. This is consistent with tuning theory for the RPM we use on our engines (rather low), and they probably face difficulties lengthening an already long design.
Memo to Self: When the current remodeling and home moving experience gets resolved, take the BAC-Rellihan Excel Powerflow Interest List and approach Leading Edge Exhaust. I understand the business and the business-case issues, but I can't seem to get a straight answer from PFS on what would make it worth their while to pursue our planes. Their goal is to identify and try to market to much larger potential markets with their limited in-house engineering expertise (in terms of the man-hours available to them), even if it means delaying a known ready-and-waiting market... and despite the fact that BAC can provide a free advertising venue. They dismiss questions on "how much would it take, and how can we help", and just restate that there is no magic number that would do the trick. I have now been working this angle for four years, so I'm ready to try another supplier. On the other hand, no one else is likely to offer a money-back guarantee like PFS.
This is to let all Musketeers know that I spoke with Chad of PowerFlow Systems Saturday (April 16) at Sun & Fun and we discussed the status of the project. Chad & the PowerFlow people have been busy with modifications to the present system (they are working on shortening the rather long exhaust pipe) and have not had time to begin work on the Musketeer STC. The good news is that the project is still on their agenda and has two tasks. One will be the O-320 engine (this will involve my musketeer), and the other is the O-360 (I don't know whose airplane was chosen for this). I will continue to report on this as new information reaches me.


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February 23rd 2022 | Written By Press Release | Share
Ford International Airport to be New Home for 1975 Calder Plane Gifted to Grand Rapids in Honor of Connection to President and Mrs. Ford
Masks were removed briefly for photo
Grand Rapids, Michigan, February 23, 2022 – The City of Grand Rapids joined Gerald R. Ford International Airport officials on Wednesday, Feb. 23 to unveil the new home of an Alexander Calder model airplane built in honor of the nation's Bicentennial.
Commissioned by Braniff International Airways and hand painted by the artist and sculptor who has strong ties to West Michigan, "Flying Colors of the United States" is gouache on resin-cast plastic. A gift to the City of Grand Rapids in 1975, the airplane features the stars and stripes flag waving in the wind with Calder's bold signature on the tail.
The design from Calder, whose La Grande Vitesse has become a symbol of pride for Grand Rapids, was recreated on a Boeing 727. First Lady Betty Ford presided over the ceremony in the nation's capital when the actual plane was dedicated Nov. 17, 1975 – the year before the celebration of America's 200th birthday and the year of Calder's death.
The model was presented to the City of Grand Rapids by Braniff two days later when the Flying Colors flew into Grand Rapids. The City is loaning the model, which has a wing span of 74 inches, so it can be viewed by residents and visitors who travel through Ford International Airport.
"We are incredibly pleased to unveil a second Calder piece for our growing collection, which underscores our commitment to both preserve the history of our community and to highlight its public art," said Tory Richardson, president and CEO of Gerald R. Ford International Airport Authority. "We appreciate the opportunity to partner with the city of Grand Rapids to showcase this striking sculpture, which is a welcome addition to our entrance hall.
"As the gateway to West Michigan, we are honored to host Flying Colors at the Ford International Airport."
Discussions around relocating Flying Colors began in 2019 as Ford International Airport was in the midst of the first phase of its Gateway Transformation project to upgrade the guest experience. The Airport Art Committee collaborated with representatives from Grand Rapids and others involved in the arts and historical preservation to develop an appropriate display prior to the move.
That process was interrupted for nearly a year by the COVID-19 pandemic, resuming in March 2021 as passenger volume began to increase. In September 2021, a painted wooden model of La Grande Vitesse was moved to the east end of the entrance hall as work continued on a display case for Flying Colors, which is located at the other end of the hall.
The La Grande Vitesse stabile, which sits on Calder Plaza in downtown Grand Rapids, was the first piece of public art in the nation to be purchased with a grant from the Art in Public Places program.
"It is such a privilege to welcome Flying Colors to Ford International Airport," said Board Chair Dan Koorndyk. "President Ford and the First Lady were known for their support of the arts, helping to commission pieces that would serve as the focal point for our community – and the source of true community pride.
"They both recognized the importance of having art interwoven throughout the community for the enjoyment of all. We are so pleased that Ford International Airport is now home to two such noteworthy pieces of Calder art."
That sentiment was echoed by Mayor Rosalynn Bliss, who noted: "By investing in the arts, we can increase local business activity, provide a better quality of life for residents and elevate our tourism efforts to make Grand Rapids a true destination. We appreciate our partnership with the Ford International Airport, which has graciously created a wonderful new home so Flying Colors can be viewed and appreciated by all."
Topics: Press Release, Art, Community
Doug Small Appointed to Gerald R. Ford International Airport Board
Gerald R. Ford International Airport Preps for Thanksgiving with Operation Handshake
Gerald R. Ford International Airport Opening New Restaurant Pre-Security
Ford Airport Travelers Can Donate Spare Coins, "For GRReat Change" to Help the Homeless
Gerald R. Ford International Airport to Participate in "Operation Handshake" for Returning Troops
Ford International Airport Hosts Operation Handshake to Welcome Active Military and Veterans to West Michigan


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Tag Archives: David McKinley
Urge Your Representative to Support NIH
By researchamerica on March 20, 2014 | Leave a comment
by Signing the McKinley-Davis-Carson-King Letter for Medical Research
Given that the budget allocated to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which funds the non-commercial, basic medical research required to develop new medical treatments and cures, is actually lower this year than it was in 2012, it has never been more important to fight for NIH funding. To help ensure that this unique federal agency receives the resources needed to support research at universities, hospitals and other research institutions across the country, Representatives Peter King (R-NY), Susan Davis (D-CA), Andre Carson (D-IN), and David McKinley (R-WV) are circulating a sign-on letter in support of critically needed funding for NIH.
Take action now! Contact your representative and urge them to sign on to this bipartisan letter.
Posted in: Advocacy Messages, Basic Research/Basic Science, Economic Impact, National Institutes of Health, Research Advocacy, Research Investment/Funding, Research!America	| Tagged: advocacy, Andre Carson, David McKinley, medical research, NIH, Peter King, Susan Davis
A Weekly Advocacy Message from Mary Woolley: A thorn-laden rose
By researchamerica on April 12, 2013 | Leave a comment
The President's budget is out and it's a mixed bag. First, the good news. NSF was given a significant funding boost, $593M over 2012 levels, NIH funding was increased by $470M, and AHRQ, via budget trade-offs, looks to have been boosted by $64M. The increases are from FY12 to FY14, since the President's budget replaces sequestration in a different way than either Congressional body (see more below). The not so good news in the President's budget is that other health research agencies did not fare well. The CDC budget was cut deeply, especially prevention programs. FDA was essentially flat -funded. And entitlement-reform may pose a challenge to innovation.
The different ways the three budgets, President, Senate and House, deal with sequestration is symptomatic of the continuing failure to reach agreement on anything resembling comprehensive legislation, including so-called "grand bargains." The fact that there is so much attention to medical research in the President's budget, as well as on the floor of the Senate recently, and from a number of Members of Congress, speaks to the progress the research advocacy community is making in bringing medical research to the forefront. But success to date has not diminished the need for heightened advocacy for public health and social sciences research, nor the imperative of carefully evaluating the full consequences of changes to entitlements. The three budgets deal with entitlements in different ways, but with similar ill-effect when it comes to innovation. There is no question that we need tax and entitlement reform, and no question that sequestration must be eliminated; however, we cannot thrive as a nation or succeed at deficit reduction if entitlement reforms come at the expense of private sector innovation. See our statement on the President's budget here.
Speaking of social science research — so clearly under fire — it is not too late to RSVP to a Capitol Hill briefing we are co-hosting tomorrow on economic research. There is a terrific lineup of speakers.
I know many of you attended the Rally for Medical Research on Monday here in Washington, a coalition effort led by the AACR. Thousands of like-minded research advocates and a wonderful array of speakers, including our board chair, The Honorable John Porter, gathered to crank up the volume for research. In his remarks, Mr. Porter urged advocates to get fighting mad or we risk continued cuts from Congress. Review his remarks here; then, take a moment to participate in the Rally's on-going text messaging campaign to urge Congress to assign a high priority to medical research. You can view press coverage of the event and the full list of speakers. During the event, social media attention was strong — messaging trended #2 globally on Twitter. That's the level of volume and attention we must continue to maintain if we want to see a happy ending to budget negotiations. Please do your part!
More than 50 Nobel laureates are doing their part; they have joined forces to send a letter to Congress urging them to fund, rather than freeze or cut, research and development. In the letter, the Laureates cite their deep concern over reduced funding levels and the negative impact this will have on the next generation of scientists and ultimately, upon our nation's economic vitality. It's a good reminder that the full science community is in this battle together. Take a moment now to echo their message by urging your representative to sign on the Markey-McKinley letter calling for a $1.5B boost to NIH funding. Click here to see the list of current signers. If your representative is on the list, be sure to thank them for standing up for research. If they haven't signed-on yet, click here to send them a message.
On Monday, we released our latest national poll, focused on chronic pain and drug addiction. Surprisingly, only 18% of the poll respondents believe chronic pain is a major health problem, yet two-thirds know someone who has sought relief from chronic pain. Huge majorities are concerned about abuse or misuse of prescription medications; the need for better understanding of how to address chronic pain literally cries out for research. You can view our media release here.
Posted in: Advocacy Messages, Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality, Basic Research/Basic Science, Bridging the Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Economic Impact, Food & Drug Administration, Health Services Research, Innovation/Competitiveness, Mary Woolley, National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Prevention & Public Health, Public Opinion, Research Advocacy, Research Investment/Funding, Research!America, Scientific Integrity, The Honorable John Edward Porter, Uncategorized	| Tagged: AACR, AHRQ, CDC, chronic pain, David McKinley, economic research, Ed Markey, entitlements, grand bargain, innovation, John Porter, Mary Woolley, medical research, NIH, NIH funding, Nobel laureates, NSF, polls, President Obama, President's budget, public health, Rally for Medical Research, research advocacy, science, social sciences research, tax
Rally for Medical Research: Building a grassroots movement to make medical research a higher national priority
Thousands of scientists, patients and research advocates gathered on the grounds of the Carnegie Library in Washington, DC, on April 8 to unite behind a call for increased funding for medical research. The Rally for Medical Research was organized by the American Association for Cancer Research in conjunction with their annual meeting and was supported by more than 200 partnering organizations — including Research!America. The program featured statements from patients and their families, scientists, policy makers, and research advocates. Cokie Roberts of ABC News and NPR, cancer survivor and research advocate, was the master of ceremonies. Continue reading →
Posted in: Advocacy Messages, Basic Research/Basic Science, Clinical Research, Economic Impact, National Institutes of Health, Research Advocacy, Research Investment/Funding, Research!America, The Honorable John Edward Porter	| Tagged: #RallyMedRes, Alzheimer's disease, American Association for Cancer Research, Chris Van Hollen, Cokie Roberts, David McKinley, diabetes, heart disease, HIV, Jerry Moran, Marc Tessier-Lavigne, Rally for Medical Research, Rosa DeLauro, saveresearch, stroke
A Weekly Advocacy Message from Mary Woolley: We can't let up now
Glimmers of hope can be found in the dire funding situation we face under sequestration. The continuing resolution (C.R.) funding the government through the end of the fiscal year (September 30) included very small increases for NIH, CDC, NSF and FDA; AHRQ was flat funded. But the fact remains that these increases were overwhelmed by the effect of sequestration, which remains in place and will continue to weigh us down for 10 years unless overturned. Our champions in Congress are speaking out and taking a stand on behalf of research as the budget negotiation proceeds. Reps. McKinley (R-WV) and Markey (D-MA) have co-authored a letter to House appropriators calling for $32 billion for NIH in FY14, a $1.5 billion increase. Take action right away and urge your representatives to sign on! Rep. Steve Cohen (D-TN) delivered a powerful floor speech highlighting the bipartisan importance of investing in NIH. In the Senate, Sens. Durbin, Mikulski, Moran and Cardin sponsored an amendment to the budget resolution calling for increased investment for biomedical research at the NIH. While this move is largely symbolic, it demonstrates the level of bipartisan commitment of our champions. You can view Senator Durbin's statement here as well as the Research!America statement. And special thanks are due to Senator Harkin for his effort to provide NIH with a $244 million increase as part of the C.R. His sustained leadership has helped in so many ways to sustain NIH through good times and bad. Read our statement on his amendment here.
Congress is on recess and getting an earful from their constituents. A new public opinion poll shows that people are extremely angry at Congress but don't see that sequestration is going to be a problem. That's why it's important to connect the dots. Hooray for a flurry of articles published in newspapers in Baltimore, Lancaster (PA), Los Angeles and Seattle —all emphasizing the damage being done by sequestration. More are called for! In a pulling-no-punches editorial in Science, Dr. Bruce Alberts lays out his concerns for the future of research, a future that is closely linked to the decisions our elected officials will make over the coming months. He invites responses; you can weigh in.
Many of you may be aware of our upcoming panel discussion on April 8 — Conquering Pain & Fighting Addiction: Policy Imperatives to Combat a Growing Health Crisis — featuring thought leaders on issues relating to pain and addiction. This a critical topic of growing national importance with a major role for research — I hope you can join us. Register here. Earlier in the day, the entire staff of Research!America will join tens of thousands of advocates at the Rally for Medical Research on the steps of the Carnegie Library in Washington, DC. Let's all join forces that day to drive home the message that research must be a higher national priority.
Posted in: Advocacy Messages, Agency for Healthcare Research & Quality, Basic Research/Basic Science, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Economic Impact, Food & Drug Administration, Health Services Research, Innovation/Competitiveness, Mary Woolley, National Institutes of Health, National Science Foundation, Research Advocacy, Research Investment/Funding, Research!America, Uncategorized	| Tagged: addiction, AHRQ, Barbara Mikulski, Ben Cardin, biomedical research, Bruce Alberts, CDC, continuing resolution, David McKinley, Ed Markey, FDA, Jim Moran, Mary Woolley, medical research, NIH, NIH funding, NSF, pain, Rally for Medical Research, Research!America, Richard Durbin, sequestration, Tom Harkin


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Lonchaea contraria är en tvåvingeart som beskrevs av Leander Czerny 1934. Lonchaea contraria ingår i släktet Lonchaea och familjen stjärtflugor. Arten har ej påträffats i Sverige. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Stjärtflugor
contraria

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


The Choyce law firm is the way to go if you are looking to get robbed.
Great article, I'm looking for a reliable law firm. I have been having trouble and I need a reliable firm to help.
I applied for a credit card with Horizon Gold. I received it only to find out that it was not a credit card but a card they issued for online shopping! They also took money off of my credit card for the fee for getting the card. I can't recall right now how much that fee was but I can look it up. I can't even get into the "store" using the customer ID # they issued me. You would think I would know better to fall for this scam since it's not the first time I got taken. Several years ago I applied for a personal loan online. I entered my bank's route #, etc. The next thing I knew these scammers had taken over $700 out of my bank account without my knowledge! Washington Mutual would not take responsibility for the illegal withdrawals and they harassed me for months with law suits, imprisonment, etc. because I didn't have the money to repay my overdraft fees that I feel THEY allowed to happen! I am disabled and on a fixed income.


Offer ends in 13hrs 47min 7sec!
You enjoy watching the Pittsburgh Steelers beat their competition and you love taking this team pride with you everywhere you go. This limited player jersey from Nike features printed Pittsburgh Steelers and Ben Roethlisberger graphics that make it the perfect way to support your favorite team and player while looking great. Head to the next Pittsburgh Steelers game and make sure everyone knows who you're cheering for with this spirited jersey.


Tolerate means to allow or to permit, and a person has no more right to allow or to permit another person (or group of people) to be different from himself or herself than I have to permit or to allow you to do what you're doing right now.
I know that tolerance of others is considered a good thing, especially in political circles; however, tolerance is different–much different–from acceptance. If you decide to tolerate a person because of that person's gender, sexuality, race, religious beliefs, or anything else, then you are doing so with the assumption that you have the right to establish some sort of random standard on what is acceptable—that the person somehow falls short of what he or she should be but that you are generously making allowances. You don't, and you shouldn't claim that right–unless you want others to make a claim on accepting–or not accepting–you based on your gender, sexuality, race, religious beliefs, or anything else and on their standards of what you should be.
Accept people for who they are–don't tolerate anyone.
This entry was posted in grammar, language, politics, writing and tagged acceptance, English, grammar, language, politics, tolerance, writing. Bookmark the permalink.


Ummagma is a duo based in Canada. The members are Canadian Shauna McLarnon (vocals) and Ukrainian born Alexander Kretov (instruments). The band have been releasing records since 2012, and have quite a discography (three albums and, including LCD, four E.P.s.). LCD is their most recent release and contains both new and old, although the old is remixed significantly.
Also on this release they have worked with two legends in their 'ambient/dream pop' music. Robin Guthrie (formerly of Cocteau Twins) and Dean Garcia (Curve). Both take their turn at remixing a song by Ummagma and in Garcia's case, two songs.
Although the songs are great and the E.P. flows extremely well, the main problem with the E.P. is the lack of new material. LCD is a bit of a tease and a reminder of how great these two can sound. To their credit, the remixes make the songs sound fresh and new, especially Garcia's remix of "Back To You", but I would of liked these remixes to bonus cuts on an e.p of new material. The new song, "LCD" is a clear highlight and one can only imagine what these two are cooking up in terms of a new album.


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Biden's first 100 days: What to expect on Covid-19, the economy and immigration 19 January 2021
US President-elect Joe Biden is set to issue a flurry of executive orders following his inauguration at noon on Wednesday as well as legislation that will quickly begin working its way through Congress on pandemic relief, immigration and much more.
Oxygen supplies are running low in Brazilian town of Iranduba 19 January 2021
The mayor of the small Brazilian town of Iranduba imposed a daily curfew of 2pm last week to fight the spread of the coronavirus. The streets may now be empty but the town's hospital beds are at 90 percent capacity.
'We will not go back to business as usual': The far right after Trump 19 January 2021
Donald Trump's presidency may be coming to an end, but many far right voters he courted believe their influence on American politics will continue long after he has left the White House. At a pro-gun rally on Monday in Richmond, Virginia, FRANCE 24 spoke with some of them to find out where they believe the […]
French ex-PM Balladur goes on trial over 'Karachi affair' kickback allegations 19 January 2021
Former French prime minister Edouard Balladur goes on trial Tuesday on charges that he used kickbacks from arms deals in the 1990s to fund a failed presidential run, a case known as the "Karachi affair".
Clashes between Tunisian police, rioters continue in wake of revolution anniversary 19 January 2021
Hundreds of youths clashed with police in cities across Tunisia late on Monday, throwing stones and gasoline bombs in the capital as security forces used tear gas and water cannons to try to quell the unrest.
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Portugal tightens Covid-19 lockdown amid record numbers of new cases, deaths 19 January 2021
Stricter lockdown rules are being enacted in Portugal, the government announced Monday, as a surging Covid-19 pandemic sets grim records and pushes hospitals to the limit of their capacity.
Fighting in Sudan's Darfur region leaves more than 130 dead 19 January 2021
The latest inter-ethnic violence to rock Sudan's restive Darfur region had killed nearly 140 people by Monday, tribal leaders said just weeks after a peacekeeping mission ended operations.
Italian PM wins confidence vote, but faces tougher challenge in upper house 19 January 2021
Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte won a crucial confidence vote in the Chamber of Deputies on Monday, hanging on to power after a junior partner quit his coalition and opened a political crisis amid the raging Covid-19 pandemic.
US will not lift Covid-19 travel bans despite Trump statement, Biden team says 19 January 2021
US President-elect Joe Biden's spokeswoman quickly dismissed Donald Trump's announcement Monday that a Covid-19 ban on travelers arriving from much of Europe and Brazil would be lifted, underlining the fractious transition of power.
Pandemic review panel criticises China, WHO for acting too slowly on Covid-19 18 January 2021
China and the World Health Organization could have acted faster to avert catastrophe during the early stages of the coronavirus outbreak, a panel of independent experts has concluded.
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Data Centre Relocation
Also in this Issue...
CityU WLAN Upgrade Project: An Update
One-stop Service for All Your Classroom Computer and AV Needs
25/03/2019 By Manfred Chan
The Primary Data Centre at City University of Hong Kong (CityU) will be relocated to make room for several strategic initiatives and the setting up of additional wet laboratories. The Primary Data Centre relocation project is divided into two phases: the first phase is scheduled to complete by the end of Q1 of 2020, while the second phase is expected to be completed by Q1 of 2021.
The current data centre was set up when the building was constructed in 1989. General data centre requirements such as cooling capacity, floor loading, fire services, physical security, raised floor, uninterrupted power supplies (UPS), dual source electric power supply were all well thought out during the design phase. Therefore, as of today, CityU has been renowned for its IT development, setup and leadership in many fronts.
Along with CityU's development, a Disaster Recovery (DR) site has also been built to serve as a backup site for the primary data centre in another building. This will remain unchanged for years to come.
Relocating the primary data centre is a high-risk and daunting task. Many online services, as well as inter-connections among scattered hub rooms and departmental server rooms, are required to be rebuilt or migrated to another data centre with minimal downtime. This has posed big challenges to the Computing Services Centre (CSC), which currently manages the entire university's IT infrastructure. The CSC has considered the followings when the decision was made:
To find a new server room that can comply with the modern data centre requirements with minimum renovation work similar to the one shown below;
To reduce the downtime for all critical services during the service migration;
To minimise the number of physical servers required to run all the workloads in the existing data centres;
To relocate the IT support staff closer to the data centre at its new locale;
To modernize and redesign the architecture for many legacy systems;
To shorten service provisioning time using the new setup
The CSC had reviewed many options on the main campus as well as off-campus, and finally decided to upgrade the existing secondary server room to become the Primary Data Centre for CityU. With the collaborative effort from the existing users (ACIM, COM, and CS), sufficient space is freed up in the server room for the setup of the Central Server cluster and High-Performance Computing cluster, as well as room for future expansion.
As a result of this exercise, around 800 m2 of space has been made available for use by the University. Since there will be additional equipment to be installed, and the new primary data centre is only one sixth the size of the original data centre, a high-density and hyper-converged architecture (Ref: Network Computing Issue 98 – December 2018) is adopted, with related building services such as electricity, uninterrupted power supply, and fire services being upgraded to address the rising needs of the data centre.
The renovation work was already started in February 2019 and scheduled to be completed by the end of 2019. Relocation of physical servers and virtualized servers in the first phase will begin as soon as the renovation is finished, which is expected to complete in 2020.
While the relocation may be affecting some of the services, the CSC aims to shorten the downtime as far as possible, thus minimising the amount of interruptions to all users.
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We shouldn't forget what else's laying ahead.
In the heat wave engulfing Europe, every eye is fixed on Brussels now as EU leaders try to elect the new EU leaders. Without much success so far. There's a battle within the EPP, there's a France against Germany battle (is the time of the Berlin-Paris axis really over?), there's Spanish liberals against everyone else, there's a Euroskeptic Italian government trying to secure top EU jobs while avoiding an excessive deficit procedure, there's a fight over the Spitzenkandidat system, just to name a few. The European Parliament is not immune to this infight, either: until this moment, the Pro-EU groups have failed to formulate a common policy agenda, some parties (like Nigel Farage's Brexit party) are still searching for their place within the system, etc. etc.
But, in the meantime, we shouldn't forget what else's laying ahead.
Brexit. Does it really need any more explanation? And while Mr. Johnson seems to be happy with a no deal Brexit because the UK will surely survive that, we should remember that it's not just the UK that will be affected by it. Every other Member State needs a bunch of new legislation regulating dealings and trade with the UK, movement of persons too, just to name a few problems. And with the EU officially standing on a no-renegotiation footing, it's difficult to see how far a new British prime minister can get.
The Finnish Presidency is just about to start and the stakes are pretty high. Finland must oversee that previous EU commitments (e.g. the Sibiu-accepted Strategic Agenda) are met. If they want to deliver concrete results, they have to work hard on many dossiers (better regulation, constitutional reform, boosting innovation, moving forward on the justice and home affairs track etc.)
With the US going into campaign mode again for 2020 it's difficult to determine how bad things can get for transatlantic relations. President Trump is known not to shy away from swift decisions or harsh comments (for example, he tweeted that Margrethe Vestager "hates the United States worse than any person I've ever met. She's suing all our companies." which is a gross over-exaggeration) on EU matters, and with EU proceedings against American giants (like Facebook and Google) we can expect him to weight in.
The EU still faces an uphill battle against international migration. And it's not just Africa and Asia, Latin Americans, mostly Venezuelans, have lodged more than 18,000 asylum applications this year. (The total number is around 290,000.) Luckily for our leaders who cannot agree on what to do with EU's immigration system, the Atlantic is a bit more difficult to cross than the Mediterranean sea.
In their last meeting, EU leaders also failed to agree on climate neutrality. Which is worse than a crime, it is a mistake, Talleyrand/Antoine de Boulay style. If something, the weather this year should prove that the world is in desperate need of change. And while competition, productivity, cost of living and all the various reasons for not doing something are understandable, at least when one's looking on them with the eye of a politician hoping for reelection, someone should think about the future, too. Let's hope that more Greens in the Parliament (and national parliaments) mean more leverage.
There are some Member States in the east, who'd been in fight with Brussels for years about their practices. Besides the Article 7 procedure for violating the rule of law, Poland's (already revoked) move to retire its judges early was just determined to be against EU legislation. Thanks to sending a top politician to jail, Romania has been just let of the hook, at least for now. In the coming months, the Three Wise Men are writing up their report on the state of democracy in Hungary. And while rule of law, checks and balances among the various institutions, freedom of the media are invaluable assets and they are worth to fight for, the EU should find a way to do things in accordance with its own rules and principles, and not to sacrifice these values on the altar of political fighting for "the Greater Good". (I hope to write about this in more detail soon.)
With so many different and, in many cases conflicting paths to follow, for now I only wish that — as in the famous Christmas Carrol — the three wise men and all our leaders have a true guiding star…
« Three reasons why Romanian President Klaus Iohannis should not become the President of the European Council
What to expect from the Finnish Presidency? »


Your kick drum is key to the sound of your house track. In this short video, Olav Basoski breaks down how to choose, shape and sculpt the perfect bass drum in Logic.
No one likes flat, lifeless drum tracks... And yours don't need to be either! Gary Hiebner digs out this tip on adding saturation to your beats in Logic Pro from his bag of music production tricks.


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webinar, November 23
East-West Seed featured in upcoming Jungle Talk
East-West Seed was established in 1982 by Simon Groot, descendant of Nanne Groot who founded the West Frisian vegetable seed sector. Simon left former family company Sluis and Groot, after a take-over by Sandoz, now part of Syngenta. During his business trips in Southeast Asia he noticed how hard it was for the millions of smallholder farmers to support themselves. He saw an opportunity to change this situation by providing better vegetable seed so that local farmers could improve the scale and quality of their production.
He started in the Philippines and together with a team of breeders from Wageningen University and local experts, he developed the first bittergourd hybrid. The bittergourd is a popular vegetable in the Philippines, but difficult to produce. The improved variety changed this and quickly finds its way to the local farmers. In this way East-West Seed became a market leader in a market that competitors did not enter for years after, because of the limited purchasing power, unstable circumstances and a fragmented market.
Since then, the company has substantially expanded with its head office in Bangkok and branches in the Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Tanzania, India, Myanmar, Vietnam and Cambodia. The more than 5000 employees still work according to Simon Groot's mission: East-West Seed strives to improve the income of smallholder farmers in the tropics by making high quality seeds and varieties available to them. This mission is also recognized by others. In 2016 the Access to Seeds Index, a ranking compiled with support of the Dutch government and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, investigated the availability of seed for smallholder farmers. East-West Seed ranked number 1 out of the ten vegetable seed companies which were investigated.
On Thursday November 23 at 20:45 hrs CET, Maaike Groot, great-great-great-great grandchild of Nanne Groot and daughter of East-West Seed founder Simon Groot, will share more details on the internationalisation strategy and goals of the company in this field. The three core values of the company are central to her story:
Serving Farmers
Learning and Innovation
Passionate Teams
This webinar session will be concluded with an appeal to international students and young professionals to pitch to East-West Seed and to contribute to further development of the company and improvement of the incomes of smallholder farmers. You can register for this free webinar via this link: http://bit.ly/ewseeds. For more information, contact Renee Snijders of Jungle Talks via develop@ideavelop.biz or go to www.jungletalks.com.
Publication date: Mon 20 Nov 2017
2022-01-21 Brassica & leafy salad conference announcement
2022-01-20 Demo for hydroponic lettuce varieties
2022-01-20 Zimtrade turns to Dubai as gateway to Middle East
2022-01-20 US midwest greenhouse launches contest to win salad for a year
2022-01-19 Growth opportunities for AgriTech between Maryland and the Netherlands
2022-01-18 Learn about hydroponic gardening
2022-01-18 Eagle Academy for Young Men of Harlem celebrates opening of hydroponic class
2022-01-18 Colorful pallet of vegetables in the spotlight
2022-01-18 India: Offering freshlings and to-be-launched food computers
2022-01-18 AquaFarm & NovelFarm postponed
2022-01-17 BE CLIMATE supports Veganuary – again
2022-01-17 Upcoming Webinar – Priva's BioLogics for Plant Growth
2022-01-13 HortEx Vietnam rescheduled to 1 – 3 March 2023
2022-01-12 World Expo 2020 Dubai highlights Dutch horticulture technique
2022-01-12 Jonathan Webb, Founder & CEO, AppHarvest to join Indoor AgCon's speakers list
2022-01-11 An exceptional greenhouse garden will settle on the Huangpu riverbank in Shanghai
2022-01-10 Veggiemight team elected 'fair play team' in the International Autonomous Greenhouse Challenge
2022-01-10 Brassica & Leafy Salad Conference postponed
2022-01-07 France: SIVAL rescheduled for March 2022
2022-01-07 Farooq Khan inspects high tech agriculture interventions at Bablian and Badyal Brahmana


Do you want to turn your ordinary bathroom into a masterpiece? All you have to do is contact a frameless shower screens Sydney company and find the ideal screen for your bathroom. The elegance and simplicity of your frameless shower screens get them to a fantastic addition to any bathroom, especially should you be looking to renovate it. Most of all, you can pick from the great deal of shower screens based on the measurements of your bathroom. So, it doesn't matter when your bathroom is small or large. You will get plenty of options to select from.
Cleaning and maintenance of frameless shower screens are easy. A clean towel or cloth will probably be enough to wipe the glass. This can continue the fresh new try to find years. If you notice any stain around the glass, sprinkle a drop or a couple of glass cleaner and wipe it with a cloth. Easy maintenance is amongst the explanations why frameless shower screens are getting to be popular.
Although frameless shower screens might seem easy to install, it is best to talk to a professional for the job. The frameless shower screens Sydney companies send technicians who are equipped with tools and machines to install the screen quickly.
If you wish to help make your bathroom look spacious, the first thing you need to do is install glasses as well as a frameless shower screen. This will not just increase your bathing area spacious but will also make your bathroom look bigger. Plus, you will have the option to choose from a selection of shower screens. You can call the frameless shower screens Sydney professional to take detailed measurements in the bathroom so that they can suggest the best measurements of the shower screen that will be ideal for your bath room. Once you know the shape, you can pick from the various kinds of shower screens. Ezy Glide is one company that includes a unique assortment of frameless shower screens which can be tailor-designed for the buyers.
There are several things that you should keep in mind while employing a frameless shower screens Sydney company.
a)The business should provide a free installation service. Some companies charge extra for installation, but that shouldn't be the case.
b)There has to be room to customize the unit. Brands like Ezy Glide has many upgrades that one could pick from like floor and shelf bracket, vertical door seal, glass shelf, matt black hardware, plastic packers, silicone spatula, and the like.
c)Above all, the corporation must provide a warranty around the frameless shower screen that they install within your bathroom. Minimal you may expect is really a 12-month warranty. Most companies offer approximately 2 years of free warranty, after which paid warranty to the follow years.
There is no doubt that frameless shower screens can boost your bathroom's beauty. Should you be enthusiastic about installing one out of your bathroom, communicate with Ezy Glide for additional information.
This entry was posted in Sydney and tagged frameless shower screens, frameless sliding shower screens, shower doors, shower screens. Bookmark the permalink.


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A Night at the Opera Tour fu la quarta tournée del gruppo rock britannico Queen, svoltasi tra il 1975 e il 1976 e legata alla promozione del loro quarto album, A Night at the Opera. Successivo al Sheer Heart Attack Tour, questo tour precedette il Summer Gigs, che si tenne nel 1976.

Lo show del 24 dicembre 1975 all'Hammersmith Odeon di Londra venne filmato dalle telecamere della BBC ed è considerato uno dei più bei concerti dei Queen. Nel 2009, Brian May ha annunciato dal suo sito ufficiale che prossimamente ne verrà tratto un DVD.

Date

Scaletta principale
 Now I'm Here
 Ogre Battle
 Sweet Lady
 White Queen
 Flick Of The Wrist
 Bohemian Rhapsody
 Killer Queen
 March Of The Black Queen
 Bohemian Rhapsody (reprise)
 Bring Back That Leroy Brown
 Son & Daughter
 The Prophet's Song
 Stone Cold Crazy
 Doin' All Right
 Keep Yourself Alive
 Seven Seas Of Rhye
 Liar
 In The Lap Of The Gods... revisited
 Now I'm Here
 Big Spender
 Jailhouse Rock
 God Save The Queen

Collegamenti esterni
  Queen live on tour: A Night At The Opera su QueenConcerts.com

Tour musicali del 1976
Tour musicali del 1975
Tour dei Queen


March 27, 2014 This article courtesy of Nature News.
US-based project recruited dozens of undergraduates to stitch DNA fragments together.
It took geneticist Craig Venter 15 years and US$40 million to synthesize the genome of a bacterial parasite. Today, an academic team made up mostly of undergraduate students reports the next leap in synthetic life: the redesign and production of a fully functional chromosome from the baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
As a eukaryote, a category that includes humans and other animals, S. cerevisiae has a more complex genome than Venter's parasite. The synthetic yeast chromosome — which has been stripped of some DNA sequences and other elements — is 272,871 base pairs long, representing about 2.5% of the 12-million-base-pair S. cerevisiae genome.The researchers, who report their accomplishment in Science, have formed an international consortium to create a synthetic version of the full S. cerevisiae genome within 5 years.
The project began a few years ago, when Jef Boeke, a yeast geneticist at New York University, set out to synthesize the baker's yeast genome with much more drastic alterations than those demonstrated by Venter and his team in 2010.
The group at the J. Craig Venter Institute in Rockville, Maryland, had chemically synthesized short strands of DNA and stitched them together to create a version of the 1.1-million-base-pair DNA genome of the bacterium Mycoplasma mycoides, which was then inserted into a recipient cell. Venter's team wrote a few coded 'watermarks' into the genome sequence, which spelled out the names of the team members, as well as several famous quotes. But besides these tweaks and a few other changes, the synthetic M. mycoides genome was identical to its blueprint.
By contrast, Boeke and his team thought that by stripping the genome of certain features to test their importance, they could justify the enormous cost and effort of synthesizing whole yeast chromosomes.
The scientists decided to omit certain DNA sequences from their synthetic chromosome, such as elements with the ability to move around the genome, known as transposons, and sections within genes that do not encode proteins, called introns. They also inserted a 'scrambling' system — which shuffles and removes genes — to provide a way of testing whether a given gene is essential to survival.
The initial plan was to contract commercial DNA-synthesis companies to create large chunks of the yeast genome to Boeke's specifications. But the first order, a 90,000-base-pair chunk of DNA corresponding to a portion of the S. cerevisiae chromosome IX3, cost roughly US$50,000 and took a year to arrive.
"I'll be dead long before this project will ever be finished," Boeke remembers thinking. So he turned his mind to thinking up other ways of assembling chromosome-length stretches of DNA.
He realized that university campuses were full of undergraduate students interested in dabbling in research. In the summer of 2007, he taught the first "build-a-genome" course at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, and the classes have been offered most terms since.
Each student makes their own stretch of the yeast genome, which involves stitching together very short lengths of DNA created by a DNA-synthesis machine into ever-larger chunks. These chunks are then incorporated into the yeast chromosome, a few at a time, through a process called homologous recombination. Eventually, this results in an entirely synthetic chromosome. Many of the students are co-authors on Boeke's Science paper, which details the synthesis of S. cerevisiae's chromosome III.
Despite all its alterations, yeast cells containing the synthetic chromosome grew just as well as normal yeast. "What's amazing about it is that there are over 50,000 base pairs that were either deleted, inserted or changed in that chromosome of 250,000 base pairs, and it works. That's kind of a remarkable effect," Boeke says.
The team has grander experiments in mind — including many that depend on creating an entirely synthetic yeast genome. "We'll really be able to explore the depth of what can be done to a genome and still come out with viable cells that are recognizable as yeast," Boeke says.
To make an entire yeast genome from scratch, Boeke has enlisted collaborators — including undergraduate students — from around the world. A build-a-genome class at Tianjin University in China is tackling one of S. cerevisiae's 16 chromosomes, as are teams at BGI-Shenzhen in China, Imperial College London and a few US institutions. Boeke says that half the DNA sequences have already been made.


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You are here: Home / Technical / SSPC: The Society for Protective Coatings / Paints and Coatings / Zinc-Rich Moisture-Cure Polyurethane Primer, Performance-Based
Zinc-Rich Moisture-Cure Polyurethane Primer, Performance-Based
Zinc-Rich Moisture-Cure Polyurethane Primer
PAINT SPECIFICATION NO. 40 – Zinc-Rich Moisture-Cure Polyurethane Primer, Performance-Based
1.1 This specification contains performance requirements for an organic zinc-rich moisture-cure polyurethane primer with a thermoset binder. SSPC PS 12.00 describes this primer as a Type II B zinc-rich primer.
2.1 This zinc-rich moisture-cure polyurethane primer is characterized by the presence of free polyisocyanate groups capable of reacting with atmospheric moisture in order to form a film. Either single or two-component packaging is acceptable. Zinc loading requirements are given in Section 4.2.1. Appendix A provides additional information for slip critical applications.
2.2 This primer is available in two Types. Type I formulations, applied over properly prepared carbon steel surfaces, are suitable for use on parts or structures exposed in Environmental Zones 1A–interior, normally dry; IB–exterior, normally dry; 2A–frequently wet by fresh water, excluding immersion, 2B–frequently wet by salt water, excluding immersion, and 3B–chemical exposure, neutral (with suitable topcoat). Type II formulations, applied over properly prepared carbon steel surfaces, are suitable for exposure in Environmental Zone 2C–fresh water immersion. Type II primers meet the requirements of Section 7.4 for fresh water immersion in addition to the requirements for Type I.
2.3 Primers described by this standard provide corrosion resistance and accept application of suitable topcoats. Unless a Type I primer is specified, the primer described by this standard is intended to comply with Type II requirements.
2.4 Polyurethane primer is intended for application by spray directly to a steel substrate, with the allowance for small area touch-up by brush (see Note 11.1).
3. Reference Standards
3.1 The latest issue, revision, or amendment of the reference documents in effect on the date of invitation to bid shall govern unless otherwise specified. Those documents marked with an asterisk (*) are referenced only in the Notes or the Appendix, which are not requirements of this specification.
3.2. If there is a conflict between the requirements of any of the cited reference documents and this standard, the requirements of this standard shall prevail.
SSPC Guide 13
Guide for the Identification and Use of Industrial Coating Material in Computerized Product Databases
Solvent Cleaning
SP 5/NACE No. 1
White Metal Blast Cleaning
Measurement of Dry Coating Thickness with Magnetic Gages
PS 12.00
Guide to Zinc-Rich Coating Systems
3.4 ASTM INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS:1
A 572 Standard Specification for High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural Steel
D 185 Standard Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments, Pastes, and Paints
D 520 Standard Specification for Zinc Dust Pigment
*	D 562 Standard Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer
D 714 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints
*	D 1475 Standard Test Method for Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
*	D 1640 Standard Test Methods for Drying, Curing, or Film Formation of Organic Coatings at Room Temperature
D 1654 Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Painted or Coated Specimens Subjected to Corrosive Environments
*	D 2369 Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
*	D 2371 Standard Test Method for Pigment Content of Solvent-Reducible Paints
D 2794 Standard Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
D 3278 Standard Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus
D 4417 Standard Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel
D 4541 Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers
D 5894 Standard Practice for Cyclic Salt Fog/UV Exposure of Painted Metal, (Alternating Exposures in a Fog/Dry Cabinet and a UV/Condensation Cabinet)
D 6580 Standard Test Method for the Determination of Metallic Zinc Content in Both Zinc Dust Pigment and in Cured Films of Zinc-Rich Coatings
3.5 FEDERAL SPECIFICATIONS AND STANDARDS:2
FED-STD 141 Paint, Varnish, Lacquer and Related Materials: Methods of Sampling, Inspection, and Testing
*	Method 3011 Condition in Container
Method 4331 Spraying Properties
3.6 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE (ANSI) STANDARD:3
ANSI Z129.1 Hazardous Industrial Chemicals–Precautionary Labeling
3.7 American Association of Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Specification4
*	Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, Division 1, Section 10.32.3.2.3, Appendix A, Testing Method to Determine the Slip Coefficient for Coatings Used in Bolted Joints
4. Composition Requirements
4.1 The manufacturer is given wide latitude in the selection of materials and manufacturing processes.
4.2 PIGMENT REQUIREMENT
4.2.1 The major pigment component in polyurethane primer coating is zinc dust. The paint shall contain a minimum of 65% zinc dust pigment by weight in the dry film per ASTM D 6580 (see Notes 11.2 and 11.3).
4.2.2 Other optional pigment components include extenders, curing aids, tinting colors, and suspension and pot life control agents.
4.3 RESIN REQUIREMENT: The resin used in the coating shall be a polyisocyanate-based product that cures through a chemical reaction with atmospheric moisture. Use of other resins or modifiers shall be minimal and limited to products necessary for formula ingredient compatibility and to improve recoating properties. See Note 11.4 for information on modifying resins and Note 11.5 for information on volatile organic compound (VOC) content.
5. Standard Testing Conditions
5.1 TEST PANELS: The hot rolled steel test panels shall conform to ASTM A 572. Panel size shall be 100 mm x 150 mm x 3.2 mm (4 inch x 6 inch x 1/8 inch). Test panels shall be solvent cleaned in accordance with SSPC-SP 1 prior to blast cleaning. The test panels shall be blast cleaned in accordance with SSPC-SP 5. The blast profile shall be 44 to 57 micrometers (1.75 to 2.25 mils) as measured in accordance with ASTM D 4417, Method C.
5.2 APPLICATION: The primer shall be spray applied as a single coat in accordance with manufacturer's written recommendations. The primer shall show no streaking, running, sagging, or other defects during application or while drying.
5.3 DRY FILM THICKNESS: The dry film thickness (DFT) on the test panels shall meet the manufacturer's written recommended range. The DFT shall be measured in accordance with SSPC-PA 2, Appendix 5.
5.4 CURE: The primer shall be dried and cured in accordance with manufacturer's written recommendations. Before any testing, all coated panels shall be aged for a minimum of 7 days in an environment with a minimum relative humidity of 55%, and at a temperature of 23 ± 2 °C (73.5 ± 3.5 °F).
5.5 SCRIBING:
Scribe two parallel lines on the face of the coated panels so as to expose the underlying metal before testing. The lines shall be at least 2.5 cm (1 inch) from the edge, the top, and the bottom of each panel and at least 5 cm (2 inches) from each other. Each scribe shall be 6 cm (2.4 inches) long. The scribes shall run vertically or at an angle across the face of the panel. Follow the scribe-making procedure described in ASTM D 1654.
5.6 BACKS AND EDGES: Coat and seal all edges and the back side of each panel with a coating or tape that will provide the necessary protection to these surfaces.
6. Requirements of Liquid Coating
6.1 MIXING: The liquid portion of a multi-component primer shall be mixed and dispersed to produce a product that is uniform, stable, free from grit, and in conformance with the requirements of this specification.
6.1.1 The pigment portion of a multi-component primer (if supplied as a dust) shall be dry and loosely packed prior to mixing.
6.1.2 The single-component primer shall be capable of being dispersed under mechanical agitation to a smooth, uniform consistency and shall not show any objectionable properties in the mix.
6.1.3 After mixing and filtering through a standard 60 mesh screen in accordance with ASTM D 185 the amount of coarse particles and skins retained shall not exceed 0.5% by weight (see Note 11.6).
6.2 STORAGE STABILITY: Neither the vehicle of the multicomponent coating nor the ready-mixed primer shall show thickening that is detrimental to performance or application properties. The components or primer shall exhibit no curdling, gelling, gassing, or hard caking after being stored unmixed for a minimum of six months from date of delivery in a tightly sealed, unopened container at a temperature of 10 to 32 °C (50 to 90 °F). The manufacturer shall also provide information on primer shelf life on the product data sheet as stated in SSPC-Guide 13, Section 4.4.11.
6.3 WORKING PROPERTIES: The mixed polyurethane primer coating shall spray easily and show no signs of, streaking, running, sagging, or other objectionable features when applied within the coating manufacturer's recommended film thickness range, and tested in accordance with FED-STD 141, Method 4331. Note 11.7 provides additional information on material inspection and quality assurance tests.
7. Laboratory Physical Tests of Applied Films
7.1 PRIMER ADHESION TO SUBSTRATE: Apply the primer to three panels in accordance with Sections 5.1 through 5.4. Test adhesion according to ASTM D 4541, Method II, III, IV, or V. Perform three pulls per panel. The minimum adhesion value of the primer to the substrate for each pull shall be 4.1 MPa (600 psi). In the case of adhesive failure below 4.1 MPa (600 psi), the pull test shall be repeated.
7.2 TOPCOAT ADHESION: Prepare three panels in accordance with 5.1 through 5.3. Apply a topcoat and cure as recommended by the manufacturer. The thickness of the topcoat shall conform to the manufacturer's recommendations. Perform three pulls per panel. The minimum adhesion value of each pull shall be 4.1 MPa (600 psi). In the case of adhesive failure below 4.1 MPa (600 psi), the pull test shall be repeated. Information on the recoat time (which varies with each formulation) shall be provided by the manufacturer.
7.3 DIRECT IMPACT RESISTANCE: The minimum impact resistance shall be 6.8 N•m (60 inch-lb) when measured in accordance with ASTM D 2794.
7.4 WATER IMMERSION (Type II primers only): This test is intended to evaluate the ability of the primer to protect the steel substrate in fresh water immersion service.
7.4.1 Description of Test: Prepare triplicate panels in accordance with Section 5. Completely immerse them in deionized water of conductivity no higher than 5 µS for one year. During this time the water shall be aerated.
7.4.2 Rust Evaluation: After the specified exposure time, each replicate panel shall have no rusting on the coated portion. Slight rusting in the scribe mark is permissible and resulting staining shall be ignored. Strips 6 mm (1/4 inch) wide along the edges of the panel shall be ignored.
7.4.3 Blister Evaluation: After the specified exposure time, there shall be no blistering of the coated portion.
7.4.4 Scribe Evaluation: After the specified exposure time, the maximum undercutting or rusting measured from the center of the scribe shall be no greater than 2 mm (3/32 in) when evaluated in accordance with ASTM D 1654 (a rating of 7).
8. Accelerated Laboratory Weathering Requirements
8.1 CYCLIC SALT SPRAY/UV/CONDENSATION CABINET: Triplicate panels prepared in accordance with Section 5 shall be exposed in a cyclic test cabinet in accordance with ASTM D 5894 for 5000 hours.
8.1.1 Rust Evaluation: After the specified exposure time, each replicate panel shall have no rusting of the coated portion (a rust rating of 10 per SSPC-VIS 2). Slight rusting in the scribe mark is permissible and resulting staining shall be ignored. Strips 6 mm (1/4 inch) wide along the edges of the panel shall be ignored.
8.1.2 Blister Evaluation: After the specified exposure time, there shall be no blistering of the coated portion (a rating of 10 per ASTM D 614).
8.1.3 Scribe Evaluation: After the specified exposure time, the undercutting from the center of the scribe, measured at any point along the scribe, shall be a maximum of 2 mm (3/32 inch) when evaluated in accordance with ASTM D 1654. Slight rusting in the scribe mark is permissible and resulting staining shall be ignored.
8.2 SLIP TEST: If slip testing is required, refer to Appendix A.1.
Table 1 provides a summary of performance requirements.
9. Labeling
9.1 Labeling shall conform to ANSI Z129.1.
9.2 Technical data shall be provided for at least all data elements categorized as "essential" in SSPC-Guide 13.
10.1 While every precaution is taken to ensure that all information furnished in SSPC standards and specifications is as accurate, complete, and useful as possible, SSPC cannot assume responsibility nor incur any obligation resulting from the use of any materials, coatings, or methods specified herein, or of the specification or standard itself.
10.2 This specification does not attempt to address problems concerning safety associated with its use. The user of this specification, as well as the user of all products or practices described herein, is responsible for instituting appropriate health and safety practices and for ensuring compliance with all governmental regulations.
Notes are not requirements of this standard.
11.1 All zinc-rich coatings are preferably applied by spray, but may be brushed for small areas or to fill in irregularities. Brushing should be done with extreme caution to avoid zinc settlement. All zinc-rich materials may settle, and care should be taken to ensure they are thoroughly mixed before and during application. Thinning zinc-rich primers usually accelerates the rate of settling. Exercise caution during work stoppages to prevent settling of zinc in hoses and equipment.
11.2 Typically, many organic zinc-rich primers contain at least 80% zinc dust pigment by weight in the dry film.
11.3 LEAD LEVEL IN ZINC DUST: ASTM D 520 specifies three types of zinc dust for use as a pigment in coatings. Type I is a general grade in which no maximum level of lead is specified. Type II is a high-purity grade with a maximum lead level of 0.01% by weight. Type III is the highest purity grade, with a maximum lead level of 0.002% by weight. Any grade of zinc dust can be used in the zinc coatings covered by this specification. However, it is important to note that if Type I zinc is used, it is possible to exceed the permissible exposure limit (PEL) for lead when the products are removed by abrasive blasting. For additional information relating the lead content of the coating to worker exposure to lead during blasting see Gary L. Tinklenberg and Denise M. Doezema, "Health Concerns for Workers Using Zinc-Rich Coatings," Journal of Protective Coatings and Linings, Vol. 15, No. 5 [May 1998], pp 36-46. In addition to lead, cadmium and other toxic metals may pose a health hazard. Placing overly restrictive requirements on some materials may result in the inability of manufacturers to produce products meeting this standard.
11.4 MODIFYING RESINS: Other resins or modifiers are typically less than 10% of total resin content.
11.5 VOC Content: Federal limits for VOCs in industrial maintenance coatings were published in 1998 and may be found at http://www.epa.gov/ttn/atw/183e/aim/aimpg.html#RULE. These limits apply to the coating at the time of application after thinning according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Many state and local governments and/or air quality management areas have more stringent VOC regulations than those in the federal rule. Information on the VOC content of each container before mixing or thinning is found on the container label and in the manufacturer's safety data sheet. The coating manufacturer's product data sheet usually provides information on the total VOC content of a coating after mixing and any recommended thinning.
11.6 The contracting parties may agree upon alternate screen sizes for new technology coatings.
11.7 QUALITY ASSURANCE TESTS: If the user chooses, tests may be used to determine the acceptability of a lot or batch of a qualified coating. The quality assurance tests are used to determine whether the supplied products are of the same type and quality as those originally tested and certified for acceptance. The selected tests should accurately and rapidly measure the physical and chemical characteristics of the coating necessary to verify that the supplied material is substantially the same as the previously accepted material. All of the quality assurance tests should be performed on the originally submitted qualification sample. The results of these tests are used to establish pass/fail criteria for quality assurance testing of supplied products.
11.7.1 Establishing Quality Assurance Acceptance Criteria: Many ASTM test methods contain precision and bias statements. Specification developers should be cognizant of the fact that these statements exist. Quality assurance test criteria should not be more stringent than the inter-laboratory precision of the test methods used.
Where precision and bias data are not available for a given test method, determine the standard deviation of a minimum of five measurements taken on the originally tested and certified material. The pass/fail criterion is that the measurement of the test sample falls within two standard deviations of the target value. The contracting parties should agree on a target value.
11.7.2 Recommended Quality Assurance Tests: Recommended quality assurance tests include but are not limited to, infrared analysis (ASTM D 2621), viscosity (ASTM D 562), weight per gallon (ASTM D 1475), total solids (ASTM D 2369), dry time (ASTM D 1640), percent pigment (ASTM D 2371), and condition in container (FED-STD-141, Method 3011).
APPENDIX A: SLIP TEST
A.1 Significance of Test: Corrosion resistance is enhanced if faying surfaces are coated. However, a minimum coefficient of friction is necessary for slip-critical connections.
A.2 Description of Test: Details for testing the coefficient of friction can be found in AASHTO Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, Division 1, Section 10.32.3.2.3, Appendix A, "Testing Method to Determine the Slip Coefficient for Coatings Used in Bolted Joints."
1 ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. Standards are available online at http://www.astm.org.
2 FED STD 141 is available from http://assist.daps.dla.mil/online/start/ (or search for 'assist' through your web browser).
3 American National Standards Institute, 1819 L Street, NW, Suite 600, Washington, DC 20036. Standards are available online at www.ansi.org
4 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, 444 North Capitol Street, NW, Suite 249, Washington DC 20001. Standards are available online at https://bookstore.transportation.org.
RUST RATING,
SSPC-VIS 2
BLISTER RATING,
UNDERCUTTING,
Corrosion after exposure in Cyclic Accelerated Test Cabinet
(ASTM D 5894)
Slight rust in scribe, max. undercutting
2 mm (rating of 7)
MINIMUM ACCEPTABLE RATING
Primer Adhesion
3 panels,
3 pulls per panel
4.1 MPa (600 psi)
for any pull
ASTM D 4541,
Method II, III, IV or V
Topcoat Adhesion
68 N•m
(60 inch-lb)
(Type II only)
Deionized water with conductivity of less than 5 µs/cm
Scribe undercutting
less than 2 mm
Slip Test (optional)
See AASHTO Standard
AASHTO Standard Specification from Section 3.7
Filed Under: Paints and Coatings Tagged With: coating application, polyurethane primer, zinc-rich primers


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Warframe's intro cinematic debuts 6 years after the game came out, but at least it's pretty rad
By Connor Sheridan published 6 July 19
Warframe's new intro cinematic is half Hollywood action and half ancient space ninjas
Six years, 3 months, and 11 days after Warframe first came out, it now has its very own intro cinematic. The six-minute CGI video is meant to introduce new people to the game while simultaneously giving seasoned fans a new perspective on Warframe's weird sci-fi story. It's also meant to be an action-packed chunk of visual spectacle, brought to you by the director of 10 Cloverfield Lane and Hungarian CGI studio Digic Pictures.
The intro cinematic cuts between the present day (of Warframe, which is thousands of years in our future) and the distant past (which, again, is still thousands of years ahead of us) to establish the eponymous Warframes' place in history. We see the three Frames new players can pick at the beginning of the game as ancient, mossy relics and in their final battle before being left inactive for ages.
Just as importantly, we see the Frames kicking so much stylish ass. Flowing CGI action may not be the first thing you'd expect from director Dan Trachtenberg's suspenseful-yet-grounded filmography. But it's something he's been wanting to do ever since he was a young film (and video game) geek.
"I grew up watching Hong Kong action movies, those were my formative years. John Woo, Tsui Hark, Jackie Chan," Trachtenberg told me. "And the things I'm doing today are influenced by those, but not in a direct way, and I've been craving to do straight-up action scenes. There's a little bit of action in [upcoming Amazon series] The Boys that I got to unleash, but this is really me finally unleashing in the way I've always dreamed of. And so that was a dream come true to, really say, 'This is how I think an action scene should go down.' So it's been fun."
The cinematic intro ties in with a long-awaited (overdue, some might say) revamp to the way the game starts for new players. Developer Digital Extremes hasn't yet confirmed when they will be added to the game, but you can always watch the trailer again and play the slow-motion bit in 0.5x speed for even slower motion until then.
Warframe's free-to-play, but you could always save some cash for buying new space ninja scarves with our early look at Amazon Prime Day game deals.
Connor Sheridan
I got a BA in journalism from Central Michigan University - though the best education I received there was from CM Life, its student-run newspaper. Long before that, I started pursuing my degree in video games by bugging my older brother to let me play Zelda on the Super Nintendo. I've previously been a news intern for GameSpot, a news writer for CVG, and now I'm a staff writer here at GamesRadar.
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La nube orografica (dal prefisso di origine greca oros, montagna) è una nube che si genera quando una massa d'aria incontra una catena montuosa e viene forzata a risalirla; ciò provoca diminuzione della temperatura che, in caso di discesa al di sotto della temperatura di rugiada, provoca la conseguente condensazione dell'acqua ivi contenuta, originando nubi e precipitazioni.

Una nube orografica può formarsi, tipicamente, in alta montagna, in seguito all'intenso riscaldamento del suolo roccioso nelle giornate serene, in regime di alta pressione estiva. L'intenso irraggiamento solare che si verifica nella mattinata (solitamente serena) causa un forte aumento di temperatura della massa d'aria a immediato contatto con il suolo nell'entroterra, provocando la sua ascesa forzata e il suo rimpiazzo con altra aria più fredda proveniente dal mare, originando le cosiddette brezze di mare); tale ascesa provoca un'espansione della massa d'aria e quindi una diminuzione della sua temperatura, e quando questa scende al di sotto del punto di rugiada la massa d'aria comincia a condensare, originando una nuvola cumuliforme, e talvolta veri e propri temporali. In normali situazioni di stabilità estiva, tali nubi orografiche si dissolvono solitamente durante la serata, venendo a cessare l'irraggiamento solare.

Voci correlate
Nuvola

Nubi