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ASA in the News
Top prosecutor, advocacy attorney debate medical marijuana
Posted by Americans for Safe Access on April 07, 2009
Josh Richman, Oakland Tribune
SAN FRANCISCO — Sparks flew Wednesday as Northern California's top federal prosecutor squared off in a debate against a national medical marijuana advocacy group's attorney.
U.S. Attorney Joseph Russoniello and Joe Elford, chief counsel of Berkeley-based Americans for Safe Access, agreed on little, often challenging each other on the history of the federal marijuana ban and pressing each other for details of how best to reconcile that ban with California's law allowing medical use of the drug.
"We are not interested in users. "... We're not even interested in people who have a legitimate claim to being compassionate providers," Russoniello said during the hourlong forum at the University of California Hastings College of the Law. "But we differentiate between those people who are claiming such conduct and those who are cultivating, who are distributing, who are trafficking marijuana for profit."
U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder has said in recent weeks that federal agents will no longer raid medical marijuana distributors who are in compliance with state laws, and Russoniello agreed "there is little likelihood that federal enforcement efforts will be focused on them." But "if you're in the business of selling marijuana for profit, you're in harm's way."
Elford retorted "a 'little likelihood' gets us somewhere, but it doesn't get us to where we need to be," especially in an atmosphere in which a federal prosecutor's judgment of whether a marijuana cooperative violates state law will land that cooperative's officials in federal court — where state law doesn't apply.
Elford said in many California locales, local law enforcement agencies that disagree with the voters' will in enacting Proposition 215, the Compassionate Use Act of 1996, often call in federal authorities to bust cooperatives that are abiding by state law. In some cases, these raids result in seizure of marijuana and other property, with no arrests ever made or charges filed.
Russoniello acknowledged, "Local law enforcement may have its prejudices."
"It may even have a cynical view of Proposition 215, and I share that cynical view — I make no bones about it," the prosecutor said, making clear his opinion that the medical marijuana debate is nothing more than a stalking horse for decriminalizing recreational use of the drug.
Russoniello criticized the often slapdash manner in which people obtain doctors' recommendations to use marijuana as medicine; Elford replied the federal government — by ignoring past research and stonewalling new studies that could lead to loosening the federal ban — ensures marijuana can't be obtained through the traditional prescription process.


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Cigarette City tour
At one time London must have been rife with smokers, if the number of cigarette brands named after its roads, districts and London are anything to go on. The city was supposedly given the nomenclature 'The Big Smoke' though I've yet to hear it called by that name.
So the tour, given that thanks to Transport for London is continually gridlocked, is entitled 'The Long Drag Tour' and starts close by the London Palladium.
[P]hilip Morris had a factory here in Great Marlborough Street which curiously our destination's statue's subject has as its family name.
Anyhow back to Philip Morris, some executive, being paid too much for dreaming up stuff, looked out of the window and saw the street name. Then knocking off the last three digits came up with the sexy Marlboro. To reinforce the macho image it was later branded using a cowboy riding across Arizona. Tragically at least four of the actors employed have died from smoking-related disease.
Right: Regent Street
Left: Oxford Street
Left: New Bond Street
Philip Morris seemed to have a rather laissez-faire attitude to naming their brands. After opening a New Bond Street shop in 1847, using the same criteria for giving their brands a moniker, again looking out of the window in 1902 they gave their cigarettes the imaginative title of Bond Street, a rebranding from the old product called Old Bond Street.
Left: Clifford Street
Right: Burlington Street
Right: Burlington Gardens
While negotiating these three streets its worth remembering you are in Mayfair one of the most expensive pieces of real estate in the world. Given that it's a surprise that when Saatchi & Saatchi (itself based in Mayfair) decided to brand a cheap cigarette they chose the strap line 'Mayfair: a good smoke at a fair price'. It wasn't such good value when they reduced a pack of 20 to 19.
Left: the aforementioned Old Bond Street
Right: Stafford Street
Right: Dover Street
Left: Hay Hill
Left Berkeley Street
Which is, of course, another cigarette brand. This one is unlikely to be named after the famous Berkeley Square.
Left: Piccadilly
Carreras Tobacco Company had a showroom in Piccadilly and produced Piccadilly Circus cigarettes as well as plain old Piccadilly. Carreras were best known for their Black Cat cigarettes which by all accounts was a frequent visitor to their Wardour Street shop, not the cigarettes but the cat. But more about that, Egyptians, the opera Aida and chariot racing later.
Right: Duke Street, St. James's
As you travel down this expensive street note on your right is one of the most prestigious cigarette brands in the world – Dunhill. The shop opened in 1917 retailing the 'Windshield Pipe' This indispensible addition to a gentleman's apparel it combated the effects of wind and weather while driving an open top car.
Left: King Street
Comply: St. James's Square
Left: Pall Mall
After selling roll-ups in Fleet Street Louis Rothman moved upmarket to Pall Mall launching his famous Pall Mall cigarette brand in 1902 and it would seem never looked back.
Forward: Pall Mall East
Right and Left: Trafalgar Square
Left: St. Martin's Place
Ahead is Cambridge Circus. Was Cambridge cigarettes named after the cross roads which for years at the Palace Theatre hosted Les Misérables? No, I don't think so either, more likely the, by now American company Philip Morris, chose the name of their brand from the famous university town. If they were still in London, whilst looking out of the window again, Palladium would probably have been chosen to grace the packets.
Right: Duncannon Street
Forward: Charing Cross Forecourt
Left: Strand
Probably the shortest lived cigarette in the world. Strand was manufactured between 1959 and 1960; hardly time for a couple of drags, but this cigarette is famous for its advert. Directed by Carol Reed with more than a nod to The Third Man.
A man enjoys his own company whilst walking in London 'You're never alone with a Strand' was the catch line. Now the Strand has nose-to-tail traffic all day and night, you certainly never feel alone walking down this London street.
Passing Craven Street on our left. 'For your throat's sake, smoke Craven A', went the convincing title advertising this popular World War II cigarette named after the Third Earl of Craven in 1860, who incidentally renamed Spur Alley – Craven Street prior to redeveloping the road in which Benjamin Franklin lived at number thirty-six.
Comply: King Charles Island
Leave by: Whitehall
Half way down this important street you'll find on the left Richmond Terrace. Built on the site of Charles Stuart, The 3rd Duke of Richmond's house Richmond cigarettes are probably named after the Virginia City which was given that title by William Byrd in 1737 who saw a striking resemblance to Richmond in west London, which took its name from the aforementioned family.
Blink and you'll miss it on the left as you continue to travel down Whitehall is Derby Gate, which would seem a good word to use if you wanted to name a horse race or a cigarette called Derby.
Forward: Parliament Street
One has to wonder whether when choosing a name for a new cigarette a certain mischievous streak entered the conversation. Parliament cigarettes may have a rather grand name but on your right is HM Treasury who have, over time, exponentially jacked up the price of fags.
Forward: Parliament Square
Ahead of you is a statute of a man from the Marlborough family, a prodigious smoker of cigars who has the Churchill brand of Havana cigars named after him and also, rather nearly, the road that was our starting point of our Long Drag Tour.
Mention must be made of Old Holborn tobacco who took Staple Inn as their trade mark and who's factory was in Clerkenwell next door to where the Maxim machine gun was invented for use in World War I. Who knows which has caused the most deaths.
Greater London House: At that time the fashion for Art Deco and all things Egyptian was at its zenith, so thought Carreras why not? Ironically its architect, Marcus Collins, specialised in building synagogues had designed a Neo-classical front but changed his mind and decided to include Bastet the feline goddess of warfare to guard the doors, incorporate massive columns, copies of Akhenaten's tome in Lower Egypt, a solar disc to the sun-god Ra, and for good measure studding the façade with black cat silhouettes. The factory produced two of the biggest selling brands of cigarette – Craven A and Black Cat. The locals, who in all probability could only afford Player's Weights, lost their local communal garden area to a Russian-Jewish philanthropist who clearly did not extend his charity to the local populace when building his monstrosity.
When the factory was opened Mornington Crescent was covered with sand to replicate the deserts of Egypt; cast members from Verdi's opera Aida formed a procession; and a chariot race was held on Hampstead Road.
Carreras moved out in 1959 and much of the Egyptian adornment was lost. Now restored with replica black cats once more on guarding the doors; and ironically, considering the detrimental effects caused from smoking, today a gym is to be found in the basement along with The British Heart Foundation offices.
Most images have been taken from Cigarettespedia an online cigarettes encyclopedia project.
London's cigarettes
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2 thoughts on "Cigarette City tour"
SilverTiger says:
My understanding is that London was given the nickname 'The Smoke' because of the infamous 'pea soup' fogs with which it was afflicted in the 19th and early 20th centuries. These were caused by a combination of smoke from coal burned in domestic and business premises for heating and industrial pollution.
One published reference to this nickname is to be found in the title of Margery Allingham's novel The Tiger in the Smoke but I am sure that, if you look around, you will find many more.
The Strand cigarette brand was shortlived because the advertising campaign 'You're never alone with a Strand' suggested that those who smoked it were lonely social outcasts or, as we would now call them, 'losers' – not an image with which potential buyers would wish to identify.
Gibson says:
I must admit I've never heard of London being called 'The Smoke' even though I have lived through the last of the pea soupers. Thanks for the information about Strand cigarettes, it makes perfect sense that the advertising would have put people off the brand. Strangely the advert is probably the only one I remember seeing about cigarettes.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Volvo on a roll, herring optional.
Tony Quiroga
Since the breakup of Volvo and Ford in 2010, the Swedish brand has been designing and engineering a new lineup paid for by an $11-billion investment by Volvo's new owner, Chinese carmaker Geely. Volvo's solution to life without Ford is an all-Volvo-designed platform called the Scalable Product Architecture (SPA). Highly adaptable to work under a variety of cars and SUVs, SPA made its debut with the XC90 SUV. The S90 sedan and V90 wagon are next. We recently had an early experience with the sedan in the Swedish hinterland.
Maybe it's their long winters, but Volvo's Swedish engineers were clearly excited about the flexibility of the new platform. Besides serving as the bones for a big SUV and a sedan/wagon, the hardware will also underpin the S60, V60, and XC60, Volvo's next generation of mid-size sedans, wagons, and SUVs due around 2018. One reason the platform is so flexible is that, from the S60 to the XC90, every SPA vehicle will have four-cylinder power. If you need more oomph in your S90 than the 316-hp turbo- and supercharged four can provide, Volvo will sell you a hybrid version whose electric motor boosts output, as well as possibly a hot-rod Polestar model. The only immovable dimension in the architecture is the space between the front-axle line and the engine firewall, we're told. The wheelbase, overhangs, and even the width can be taffy-pulled or pruned as necessary.
In the S90, the SPA platform offers 115.8 inches of wheelbase, nearly two inches fewer than in the XC90. The front and rear suspension hardware is shared with the XC90, but it's tuned for the sedan, which Volvo says is 440 pounds lighter. Even if the claim proves true on our scales, Volvo will still end up with a 4300-pound sedan. Keeping weight off is a major challenge when using flexible architectures intended for both SUVs and cars.
At least the S90 seemed solid as it busted through chunks of snow and ice during our sampling in its wintry homeland. It was quiet, too. Although studded winter tires were fitted to our S90 T6 prototype, the car barely emitted a hum. The small but mighty engine and eight-speed automatic come on strong and pull hard. In the 4733-pound XC90, we've recorded a zero-to-60-mph run of 6.4 seconds; expect the S90 to dip into the mid-five-second range. The 400-hp plug-in-hybrid system of the T8 will make for an even fleeter S90. As for handling, the combination of a snow-covered track and the studded tires made it difficult to say how the S90 will behave on the road, so we'll wait to render judgment until we drive the car on dry pavement.
Perhaps the most compelling part of the S90 is its clean and elegant design. Inside and out, the sedan looks expensive without any bit of flamboyance. But it's not boring, either. It's a lean car, with low, long, and wide proportions. Aston Martin's Lagonda Taraf might be prettier, but it costs $1 million, and we've barely mentioned the better-looking wagon version of this car, the V90, which is not due until 2017.
We also haven't talked about money, but that's because pricing hasn't been revealed yet. We'd guess that a 316-hp T6 will begin in the mid-$50,000 range; the 400-hp T8 should eat up most of $70,000; and the lowest point of entry, the 250-hp T5 with front-wheel drive, should cost nearly $50,000. All three models go on sale this fall.
VEHICLE TYPE: front-engine, front- or 4-wheel-drive, 5-passenger, 4-door sedan
ESTIMATED BASE PRICES: T5 FWD, $48,000; T6 AWD, $55,000; T8 PHEV AWD, $70,000
ENGINE TYPES: turbocharged and intercooled DOHC 16-valve 2.0-liter inline-4, 250 hp, 258 lb-ft; turbocharged, supercharged, and intercooled DOHC 16-valve 2.0-liter inline-4, 316 hp, 295 lb-ft; turbocharged, supercharged, and intercooled DOHC 16-valve 2.0-liter inline-4, 316 hp, 295 lb-ft + AC synchronous electric motor, 87 hp, 177 lb-ft (400 hp combined)
TRANSMISSION: 8-speed automatic with manual shifting mode
Width: 74.0 in Height: 56.8 in
Curb weight (C/D est): 4250-4500 lb
PERFORMANCE (C/D EST):
Zero to 60 mph: 5.1-6.7 sec
Zero to 100 mph: 15.0-16.2 sec
Standing ¼-mile: 14.1-15.3 sec
Top speed: 143-155 mph
FUEL ECONOMY (C/D EST):
EPA city/highway driving: 24-26/33-35 mpg
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The Physics program explores events and interactions that occur in nature in order to comprehend the truths or laws that govern the physical world. As a fundamental and all-inclusive science, our curriculum forms an educational base for future careers in science and engineering.
The sequence of introductory physics courses in your first year are all taught by the same professor, providing a coherent presentation of foundational courses.
Upper level classes may be taken at Loyola University of Maryland, which is just a short walk away.
You may choose to conduct a research project and present your findings at Nancy Kreiter Student Research Day to fulfill the capstone requirement of the Physics program.
Work with Dr. Christy on NANOGrav, a collaboration of radio astronomers attempting to detect low-frequency gravitational waves. This experience provides many opportunities for training programs, visits to radio telescopes, and a supportive environment at conferences.
Connect to researchers through the UMD GRAD-MAP program. GRAD-MAP offers a winter boot camp designed to instruct students in typical skills needed in graduate school and connect them to possible summer projects with researchers at UMD College-Park.
Discover even more opportunities at Research Experience for Undergraduates.
Past student collaborations with Dr. Christy have led to three papers [two published in Astrophysical Journal].
Brian Christy, Ryan Anella, Andrea Lommen, Lee Samuel Finn, Richard Camuccio, and Emma Handzo Optimization of NANOGrav's Time Allocation for Maximum Sensitivity to Single Sources Astrophys. J. 794, 163 (2014) [arXiv:1409.7722].
Emma Handzo, Brian Christy, Andrea Lommen, Delphine Perrodin The scaling of the RMS with Dwell Time in NANOGrav Pulsars [arXiv:1510.09084] Technical note, not for publication.


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4.3m Overseas Pakistanis registered as voters in electoral rolls: Senate informed
Posted on	February 1, 2013 2:47 pm by Web Desk
Islamabad: The Senate was informed on Friday that a total number of four point three million Overseas Pakistanis are registered as voters in the electoral rolls on the relevant electoral areas throughout the country on the basis of Identity Cards for Overseas Pakistanis.
Law Minister Farooq H. Naek told the House during question hour that preparation and computerization of electoral rolls for elections to the assemblies is the responsibility of the Election Commission of Pakistan. He said Ministry of Law is considering a law to enable overseas Pakistanis to cast their votes at Pakistani embassies or through other means in the elections. He said at present this facility is available in a few countries only including the US. Farooq Naek said constitution of Pakistan allows overseas Pakistanis to cast their votes but doesn't allow foreign nationality holders to contest elections.
To a question' he said that electoral rolls containing photographs and blank column for obtaining thumb impression of voter at the time of casting of votes will be available with the Presiding Officer on the polling day for General Elections 2013. He said the purpose of these steps is to discourage polling of bogus votes.
Minister of State for Communications Dost Mohammad Mazari told the House that work on Gwadar-Turbat-Hoshab (M-8) is ongoing since 2004 but is currently suspended due to law and order situation.
He said Prime Minister has approved mobilization of FWO on the said project for completion of balance works with appropriate security package. The work will be completed within one year after mobilization of FWO. Similarly work on [N-85] will be completed in three years.
General, Islamabad
Tags: Election Commission of Pakistan, Law Minister, Voters in Electoral


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Qiqihar Sanjiazi Airport  is a dual-use military and civil airport serving the city of Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China.

Airlines and destinations

See also
List of airports in China
List of the busiest airports in China
List of People's Liberation Army Air Force airbases

References

External links

Airports in Heilongjiang
Chinese Air Force bases
Qiqihar
Airports established in 1988

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


1. Trade protectionism will reduce overall trade between countries, and the poorest countries often rely heavily on export.
2. Trade protectionism will force some businesses to find ways to reduce cost, hence putting downward pressure on wages especially in countries where labour law is non-existent or non-enforced.
3. Trade protectionism will encourage consumers to think only of fair treatment of their fellow countrymen instead of fair treatment of all workers.
4. Trade protectionism will encourage businesses to withdraw from overseas production, some of which have taken significant positive steps towards fair trade practices in recent years.
5. Trade protectionism will make importing of fair trade products more expensive, hence halting the growth of the fair trade movement and hurting the small businesses that try to make a positive impact through fair trade.
I recently ran my first half marathon for Lifeline. I completed it in 2 hours and 17 minutes. You know what's harder than running a half marathon? Stop snacking, and watching Trump win.
Honestly though, I think we all saw it coming, but we didn't want to believe it. If I am a cynic, I would say that compassion is dead. Brexit, Trump, what's next? 2017 German election may well fall into the hands of far-right Alternative for Germany. Meanwhile, back at home, MPs are debating whether asylum seekers who arrive by boat should be banned from ever applying for Australian visas. Is compassion dead?
I don't believe compassion is dead, because I see it every day in every customer of Oz Fair Trade, in every random act of kindness, in every charity event, and in every person that I have met.
Rather than blaming the people who voted for Brexit or for Trump, or getting all gloomy and doomy, how about we try to understand them? If they had job security and decent minimum wages, would they have rejected immigration?
If Democrats had a more inspiring presidential candidate, would the outcome have been different? If Washington had not been ruled by bankers and elites, would ordinary working Americans have be less change-hungry? If the US electoral system had been different, would a third party have won?
Some may call Trump win a "disaster". I think what's really worrying is not what one man can do but what division can do to humanity.
We can all keep alight the candle of compassion.
I receive numerous phone calls each week from people who want to complain about unfair trading practices that affected them personally. I often scratch my head and tell him they got the wrong number and that they should google "fair trading" instead of "fair trade".
The misunderstanding is a little bit annoying, and highlights the problem that only a small percentage of Australians know about fair trade. While laws are not perfect in Australia and may occasionally be breached, unfair trading practices are the norm in many developing countries. We are indeed privileged.
Read more on fair trade here.
I was recently interviewed by a Masters student from UK about the impact of the fair trade movement on economic and social rights advancement in the Cambodian context. This is because Oz Fair Trade has been supporting fair trade producers from Cambodia for over three years. My attention was particularly drawn to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) which is part of the International Bill of Human Rights. I must admit that I don't regularly read up on such things. Perhaps I have when I was setting up Oz Fair Trade, with all the passion bursting out of me. But once Oz Fair Trade was up and running, my focus shifted to the daily operational side of things. The interview, therefore, was a nice opportunity to step back and think about why I started on this path in the first place.
I guess my passion for fair trade has always been somewhat undeniably a product of 'middle-class guilt', and I merely wish that by promoting fair trade some poor families that don't have basic 'rights' that we take for granted will be a little bit better off. I believe we should often reflect on the things that we take for granted, and be self-critical of the impact that our 'innocent' actions have on other people e.g. the lifestyle that we enjoy in the developed countries are often built upon more or less on exploiting people of the less developed countries, whether we like it or not.
Over the years, I have seen an increasing number of fair trade retailers and customers, and the positive impact their actions have had on the behaviours of the big companies. Ultimately, it's the big guys who can make a difference. I am encouraged by the persistence of a number of fair trade businesses in Australia such as Etiko and Oxfam, and a growing number of online marketplaces dedicated to ethical shopping such as Good Spender. I was very excited when the Good On You app came out and it continues to be a strong force in promoting ethical shopping in Australia.
I would encourage you to read the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). The rights listed there may seem basic and obvious to you and me, but they are denied to a large number of people. I believe we must be grateful for what we have, and try to help others who are less fortunate. I believe it brings happiness. This view is obviously shared by the customers who have supported Oz Fair Trade and many other fair trade organisations over the years. I feel that this view of happiness is particularly important in today's world of rising protectionism and terrorism. What do you think? Please leave your comments below.
How has being an actuary helped me with running Oz Fair Trade?
I get asked this question a lot, and I didn't really know the answer until a recent revelation. I was reading an article on Renegade Collective, my favourite magazine, about a ballerina turned business owner, when it occurred to me that I, too, have transferred skills gained from my professional training to the launch and running of Oz Fair Trade.
I was not born with these strengths. They are a direct result of my experiences to date. I might have always been inquisitive (i.e. Input), able to relate to others (i.e. Relator) and a thinker (i.e. Intellection), but Restorative and Activator? I would hardly see them as my strengths ten years ago.
I'd say that my actuarial training can definitely take credit for my problem solving skills (i.e. Restorative), and my passion for poverty alleviation and human rights pushed me to become an Activator (i.e. I cannot not act).
I suddenly realised that I founded Oz Fair Trade because I wanted to solve a problem that I witnessed i.e. extreme poverty, and this problem solving instinct was a direct result of my actuarial training.
I suddenly realised that all my ideas steam from my desire to solve a particular problem, and my Activator instinct pushes me to make these ideas happen.
It's a New Year's Revelation.
In the past, I have always focused on improving my weaknesses, with little understanding of my strengths. I couldn't see how being an actuary helped me with Oz Fair Trade or any of the other activities that fill my life right now. But now I see it. It's not just that I can do numbers. It's more that I have learned to think analytically, and learned the right process of problem solving.
So yes, it is true that anything you learn can be useful, and any job can teach you valuable lessons.
Time seems to go faster as I age. I feel the urgency, and I want to make most of every day.
Cheers to a busy and fulfilling year ahead!


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Interesting Engineering
3D Technologies
Inventions and Machines
Scientists Develop First Cable-Driven Robot that Can Keep Up with Free-Flying Insects
The researchers tracked moths who flew at speeds of 3 meters/second.
By Loukia Papadopoulos
When it comes to engineering new robots, scientists are often inspired by insects. From acrobatic robots that mimic insect flight to cell-sized organisms, experts are always coming up with new robots that are somehow related to these tiny and yet marvelous pests.
RELATED: BUG LIFE: THESE 5 ROBOTS WERE INSPIRED BY INSECTS
Now, scientists from the CNRS, Université de Lorraine, and Inrae1 have developed the first cable-driven robot that can keep up with free-flying insects. Flying insects have unique traits that allow them to expertly navigate natural environments.
Scientists have long tried to study them but this proved challenging due to their size and their high speed of motion. In fact, so far, it was only possible to study them when they were in stationary flight.
This has all changed now as the team from CNRS and their colleagues were successful in studying moths in free flight. Yes! You read that right: free flight!
The researchers achieved this with what they call "lab-on-cables," a contraption which is equipped with cameras and a controller that together minimize tracking errors between the insect's and the robot's positions.
The moths studied were the Agrotis ipsilon, a type that is approximately 2 cm long and can fly at an impressive speed of up to 3 meters/second. Now, the novel research may pave the way for studying, tracking and keeping up with other insects such as fruit flies or mosquitos.
In addition, it opens the doors to better understanding the orientation strategies of these insects in response to various stimuli. This could, in turn, lead to better more advanced robotics that can mimic other insect traits.
The study is published in Science Robotics.
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In November, 1984, Apple CEO, John Sculley, tried to use the same "Pepsi Challenge" formula on personal computers. Anyone with a credit card can walk in an Apple retailer and walk out with a Mac to try for 24 hours. It has been estimated some 200,000 people took advantage of this innovative way to test drive a Mac and this was surely the secret to get the word out that Macs were better.
In the real world, however, the stores had a hard time keeping the demo models available and when they were returned, there was very few sales as a result of the test drive. Plus the loaner Macs became uglier and uglier after each loan.


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Q: An application of LDCT Consider the sequence of functions:
$$F_n (t)=\int_{-\infty}^t \underbrace{ \frac{\Gamma \left[ \left( n+1 \right)/2 \right] }{\sqrt{\pi n} \Gamma \left(n/2 \right)} \frac{1}{\left(1+y^2 /n \right)^{\left(n+1 \right)/2}}}_{f_n \left(y \right)} dy$$
We want to take the limit, as $n \to \infty$ and we want to be able to move the limit inside the integral. Thus we have to use the Lebesgue Dominated Convergence Theorem provided of course that $|f_{n} \left( y \right)|$ is dominated by an integrable function.
Now my book suggests that this is the case because $$|f_n \left (y \right) | \leq 10 f_1 \left( y \right) $$ but this is not easy for me to see. Based on the above, $$f_1 \left(y \right)=\frac{1}{\pi} \frac{1}{1+y^2} $$
Does that inequality hold? I suppose that if we were to show that the sequence is nonincreasing then it would hold. But that might prove tricky for the function in question. For example for $n=2$ we get $$ \frac{1}{2\sqrt{2 }} \frac{1}{ \left (1+y^2 /2 \right)^{3/2}} $$ and we have to keep evaluating recursively the gamma function for all $n>1.$
Is there perhaps an easier way to understand why the above inequality is true? All suggestions are welcome. Thank you.

A:
and we have to keep evaluating recursively the gamma function

Separate the constant involving the $\Gamma$s from the function.
$$C_n = \frac{\Gamma \left(\frac{n+1}{2}\right)}{\sqrt{n}\Gamma\left(\frac{n}{2}\right)}$$
is almost independent of $n$, so for the dominated convergence theorem can be replaced by a suitable constant. We have
$$\frac{C_{n+2}}{C_n} = \sqrt{\frac{n}{n+2}}\cdot \frac{\frac{n+1}{2}}{\frac{n}{2}} = \frac{1+\frac1n}{\sqrt{1+\frac2n}} = 1 + O\left(\frac{1}{n^2}\right),$$
so $\lim\limits_{n\to\infty} C_{2n}$ and  $\lim\limits_{n\to\infty} C_{2n+1}$ exist and are nonzero.
Thus it remains to see that
$$\frac{1+y^2}{\left(1 + \frac{y^2}{n}\right)^{(n+1)/2}}$$
is bounded independent of $n$.
The mean value theorem yields
$$\left(1+\frac{y^2}{n}\right)^{(n+1)/2} \geqslant 1 + \frac{n+1}{2n}y^2 > 1 + \frac12y^2,$$ and that gives us
$$\frac{1+y^2}{\left(1 + \frac{y^2}{n}\right)^{(n+1)/2}} < 2$$
for all $n$ and $y$.
For the explicit constant $f_n(y) \leqslant 10\cdot f_1(y)$, we must estimate the quotient $\dfrac{C_n}{C_1}$, but to apply the dominated convergence theorem it suffices that the ratio is bounded, which follows from the existence of the limit(s).

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Nicole Richie arrived in England at London Heathrow today (June 7th) with friends Masha Gordon, Kelly Sawyer and her management team.
I'm unsure why Nicole is in the UK but it's great to see her back here again so soon! - Nicole was last in London in February for her Winter Kate launch at Selfridges department store.
I adore Nicole's airport outfit! She wore a plain white tee with a pair of light wash patchwork Jet by John Eshaya jeans and a leopard print coat.
Nicole accessorised with her Tom Ford fedora, Tom Ford shades, Givenchy 'Nightingale' bag and an amazing pair of YSL heels.
It's so good to see Nicole Richie back in the UK!
Isn't she due in Australia on the 10th?
I like this outfit, animal printed clothing is an amazing trend, Nicole wears it with great elegance.


Rust: How I'm preventing it.
After I'd ground out the bolts on all the seats and ripped up the plywood flooring (ended up being a simple but tedious task with a grinder, crowbar, and a little brute force) I uncovered the great expanse of rust. As a result I was worried that the wall panels were rusting out as well.… Continue reading Rust: How I'm preventing it.
Bus Conversion Expenses: Breakin' it down now.
When I initially estimated how much I'd be spending on this project, I had found it very difficult to find out just how much it would cost. My original guess was around $12,000 including the cost of purchasing the bus itself. I've since found that I'd be spending quite a bit more. Being a student… Continue reading Bus Conversion Expenses: Breakin' it down now.
So… Really, why did I buy a bus?
So when I tell people that I've bought a school bus they usually do one of three things: 1.) Laugh and are excited and interested. 2.) Laugh and tell me that's the weirdest thing they've ever heard and give me the "get away from me you dangerous mad-man!" look. 3.) Just ignore me and go… Continue reading So… Really, why did I buy a bus?


On the Dies R Us Blog again today to share some pretty little Christmas Tags with you.
It seems we've all flipped the switch and moved directly into the Holiday Season. So let's begin.
Back in August I bought this sweet little Christmas Tree by Die-Versions. It was on Close-Out, which means it was at a ridiculously low price and only in limited quantities. These are the things you should keep an eye out for at the Dies R Us Store. Super Savings to YOU!
There are so many lovely Christmas Tree dies available, it's really just a matter of preference.
All of my tags incorporate a Scripted Word by Sizzix.
All of my Tags were cut using the Stitched Traditional Tags by Die-Namics.
I layered 2 of the tree die cuts and scored down the middle to create a bit of dimension. I then cut Yellow card stock for the star topper. 2 Rustic Ribbons for accents.
This pretty little Tag uses the gorgeous Poinsettia die by Impression Obsession. Cut in Hot Pink, Light Pink and Vellum card stocks. Adorned with Adhesive Rhinestones, Sequins and Pink Gingham Ribbon.
This fun Tag uses the fantastic Twilight Snowflake by Memory Box.
I cut several snowflakes out of White Glitter Paper, which is easy to do, as there are 4 snowflakes in this set as well as 2 different sized star centers. I layered one using 5 of the die cuts, awesome dimension! Added a few more around and some Glittery Ribbon to complete my look.
My last Tag uses the Holly Leaf by Cheery Lynn. Look at the texture on the leaves themselves, so pretty! Berries were cut from Red Glitter Paper and then I added a fab Christmas Ribbon.
Really so much FUN to make!
These are all so sweet Donna! Isn't it so much fun to sit and make up a bunch of tags? They go together so quickly. I love all the elements you brought together for this darling set!
Why not start early to make those Holiday tags and cards. Your tags are always awesome. My favorites are the last two. Sometimes, I sit with my box of scraps that never made it to a card and make tags.
I love all of your tags Donna......the Queen of Tags! The dies you have used are so pretty and I love how you have made them all three dimensional. Any of the recipients will love these too! Great inspiration, thank you!
Oh my you certainly have a great head start on your tags, these are just gorgeous with such lovely dimension to them also, those scripty sentiments are great!
I do believe you are the Queen of Tag Making! These are all so wonderful and festive looking. I am afraid I do not excel in that department and I seldom make any tags. Since we give a lot of monetary gifts I usually do just cards but this year I might give other gifts so I should perhaps work on more tags. Thanks for some super ideas.
ACK... more dies that I think I need. lol I am going to resist as long as I can. HA! These tags are awesome! I like the 3D tree with the die, very cool. Awesome job!
These are all fabulous. Each one is soo different and all accessorized for the holiday. Love the dimensional trees and the layered snowflakes and all the sentiments. Alas, I am afraid i must add these to my shopping cart.
Pretty tags, Donna! Love all the different styles. Thanks for the link...it's time to go shopping!
Super cute tags! You can never have enough. Beautifully done!