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Tag: arab spring
Newspaper Front Page Analysis: How Do They Tell the Story?
Posted on 2013/06/18 | by p | Leave a Comment on Newspaper Front Page Analysis: How Do They Tell the Story?
This article will be part of the forthcoming book Accountability Technologies: Tools for Asking Hard Questions edited by Dietmar Offenhuber and Katja Schechtner. It is based on previous published texts about PageOneX. It wants to be a short summary of the possibilities of the tool that has just been released: PageOneX.com
There is an article in preparation with Sasha Costanza-Chock that will provide a review of scholarship in this area (print newspaper coverage) and will describe our approach in-depth to the topic.
Social Networking Sites (SNS), especially Twitter and Facebook, have played an important role in the current global social movement wave, from the Arab Spring to the Occupy movement in the United States. Social movement actors use SNS, among other tools, to document, promote, support and, in some cases, to coordinate movement activity. SNS have also become key sources of information for observers, both supporters, detractors, and non-participants, as well as for professional journalists working within print, broadcast, and online media, whose reporting strategies have, in some cases, shifted towards curating and incorporating content first circulated via SNS. In the context of increasingly transnationalized media firms and cross-platform convergence, information rapidly flows back and forth between SNS and mass media.
Print newspaper coverage also has an impact far beyond paid subscribers or readers, since it greatly influences broadcast (television and radio) news agendas; newspaper coverage also plays an important agenda-setting role for blogs and social media. The complexity of the converged media ecology requires new approaches to newspaper content analysis, which has long been used by social movement scholars as a proxy for social movement activity. This essay describes an innovative approach to the analysis and visualization of front page newspaper coverage.
2. Background: How Did I Start Coding Front Pages?
On Sunday May 15th, 2011, one week before the municipal elections that were taking place all around the country, there was a grassroots-organized march in many cities in Spain under the motto "Real Democracy Now" (Democracia Real Ya[1]Democracia Real Ya was not only the motto, but also the citizen platform to deepen in democratic values http://democraciarealya.es). By then, I was living in Boston and closely following all these events through the Internet.
Tens of thousands of people throughout Spain marched on the streets during what later would be known as #15M, the #SpanishRevolution or the 'indignados' movement. The movement was inspired by the Arab Spring and the Icelandic Revolution and was preceded by previous social mobilizations in Spain. The country was in the midst of a huge economic crisis and suffering from austerity measures that were dismantling the welfare state. The crisis was related to the world economic recession and to the bursting of the real estate bubble. In the short term, this new mobilization was related to #nolesvotes[2]#NoLesVotes (Do not vote for them) was the hashtag used in Twitter to promote this cyber movement. First used against the "Ley Sinde" law (Ley de Economía Sostenible [Sustainable Economy Law], … Continue reading, a mobilization launched and forged on the Internet against Internet censorship that a new law was enforcing. In the years before, there had also been other mobilizations similar to the Democracia Real Ya platform involving demonstrations on the streets throughout the country, among others: Juventud sin futuro[3]Started in Madrid in February 2011, "Youth without a future" is a citizens' platform to address the problems of the precarious situation of the youth during the economic crisis … Continue reading, to protest the precarious situation of the youth; Por una vivienda digna[4]Started in Madrid in 2003 during that year's real estate bubble, "Right to housing" is a citizens' platform to address housing problems viviendadigna.org., a citizens' platform created during the real estate bubble crisis to address housing problems.
Democracia Real Ya was a grassroots movement that received no supported from any party or union. It was a decentralized organization based on the Internet that opted for a multi-site demonstration, instead of the traditional march in the capital (Madrid). No flags were used and the "ghosts" of the two Spains from the Civil War; today's two major political parties were also absent. Despite the movement's success, the mainstream media did not pay much attention: It was just another demonstration in an electoral period.
That Sunday night after the march, around 40 people decided to stay in Puerta del Sol, the central square of Madrid. They wanted to keep on with the mobilization, and managed to convince the police to let them stay in the square during the night. After their first general assembly, they started organizing the first working groups. On the next day, many more people came to show support, and around 300 stayed on to sleep in the square. At 5 a.m. the police evicted them, an act that proved to be the tipping point of the movement. On Tuesday evening, more than 10,000 people crowded into the Puerta del Sol to protest the eviction. By that time, I was absorbed with the #acampadasol hashtag in Twitter, the 24-hour live streaming from soltv.tv, and trying to follow every bit of information about what was happening in my hometown of Madrid.
This data visualization shows the front pages of 6 Spanish newspapers from Sunday, May 15th (up) through Friday, May 19th (down), 2011 in chronological order. The highlighted orange area indicates the articles about the 15M movement. Original image in yfrog.
Some major newspapers were covering the events, but people in social media, mainly Facebook and Twitter, argued that they were not getting enough coverage. On Wednesday, May 18th, the electoral board in Madrid denied the right to march or gather in the square, Junta Electoral Provincial de Madrid (2011), and that made the protests even more successful than the previous days: Puerta del Sol Square was full again. I tried to visualize the subsequent reactions of the mainstream media to this new event and tweeted my first newspaper front page data visualization.
On Thursday morning, May 19th, media attention was completely centered on the occupied squares: The protests started filling all the front pages only after the fourth night at Puerta del Sol, after the "tent cities" had already spread all around the country. The front page data visualization became popular after appearing on Menéame, a Spanish news aggregator site, as it showed the very moment when the protest entered the mass media loop in an easy and comprehensible way. Indeed, it was used by bloggers to reflect on how the media had waited too long to cover the protests. Some journalists also used it to think about how the media should cover these kinds of protests. The following Sunday, one week after the mobilization had started, the elections took place, but the camps and the spirit of change from the 15M movement remained.
The 15M movement was now live on the streets and ready to grow and take infinite shapes and ways of protests. My front page analysis was also making its first steps, and I was ready to start diving into it and testing its possibilities.
How Are Social and Mass Media Related?
Twitter is the tool researchers most frequently use to study information flows that Social Networking Sites enable, because these streams of information are open, allowing anyone to study their data. Facebook is arguably a more important site for spreading news, based on its far higher penetration rate, but as a closed network, the study of the data has not been as easy as with Twitter. We have used front page newspaper coverage analysis to compare newspaper coverage of recent mass protests with social media attention, in particular, in Twitter.
For example, we have compared the use of popular hashtags, the way message "tweets" are tagged in Twitter, in the 15M movement. The most popular hashtags were #acampadasol, #15M, and #spanishrevolution. We have compared the total number of tweets using these hashtags with the front pages of 7 major newspapers in Spain. These hashtags had been selected among those most used at the time regarding this movement according to research by the Complex Systems and Networks Group at the University of Zaragoza (BIFI). The Twitter data came from Trendistic, an online Twitter data visualization provider.
Surface dedicated to the 15M movement in 7 Spanish newspapers. Above is a line chart displaying the use of certain hashtags related to these social movements extracted from [link no longer works] http://trendistic.indextank.com/. From May 15th (left) through June 22nd (right), 2011.
A similar data analysis has been made with the Occupy movement with US newspapers. In this case, the chart above displays both the percentage of surface dedicated to the Occupy movement (red) and the number of tweets from the various related hashtags like: #ows, #occupywallstreet, #occupyLA, #occupyOakland or #occupyBoston.
Surface coverage in newspapers front pages vs. Twitter about Occupy from September 17th through December 13th, 2011.The tweets per day come from the data released by r-shief.org in the context of the #occupydatahackathon.
Tweets are instant messages that cover events almost in real time. On the contrary, front pages cover the news of yesterday. Therefore, it is normal to see how different media react to the same event: Twitter coverage peaks the day that it occurs, and press coverage peaks the day after. Following this idea, it is more interesting to explore when Twitter and the press differ: When enormous tweet traffic about an event or action is not followed by that big coverage, or when a week-long, sustained conversation in Twitter around a hashtag doesn't find its way into the print.
3. The Front Page Data Visualization: Building a Tool
The first data visualization started as "manual" process: I downloaded the images one by one from kiosko.net, a website providing newspaper front pages from all around the world, and built the array of images with Inkscape, a vector graphics program. Later on, after the good acceptance of the visualization, I started building a script to allow others to replicate this kind of analysis. Around a year later I started PageOneX, a free software tool (code available in github), designed to aid the coding, analysis, and visualization of front page newspaper coverage of major stories and media events.
PageOneX constitutes a straightforward way of interpreting front pages, a very specific piece of the media ecosystem that has direct influence on radio and TV broadcasts. In the past, researchers trying to analyze front pages needed to obtain copies of newspapers, measure column-inches by hand (with a physical ruler), and manually input measurements into a spreadsheet or database. This laborious and time-consuming process would be followed by calculation, analysis, and sometimes data visualization. Some of these steps can now be automated, while others can be dramatically simplified.
The process described here is designed to facilitate the relatively rapid creation of "small multiple" data visualizations of front page newspaper coverage. "Small multiple," a term popularized by Edward Tufte, is a kind of data visualization that allows the visual comparison of multiple series of data: Series are displayed separately and placed next to each other. In the case of PageOneX, the displayed data include small images of the newspaper front pages themselves, as well as the surface area on the newspapers' front pages dedicated to a specific news story (a "thread") that runs chronologically along the x-axis (time). Coders manually select the portion of front pages dedicated to that thread. The selected areas are then displayed as shaded or colored transparencies on top of their original front pages. When viewed at sufficiently close range (zoomed in to a story), the text of the original stories that have been coded can still be easily read. However, this form of graphical information display is most compelling on a larger scale: Small thumbnails of the newspaper front pages are arrayed chronologically from left to right, and the viewer is then easily able to see at a glance the evolution of the coverage – or lack of coverage – of a particular news thread over time, as well as to compare different newspapers.
The visual approach allows the reader to have a sense of the coverage and, at the same time, have a look at the very raw data of the analysis, which are the components of the article, whether they be images, headlines or text. These highlighted areas could also be quantified to produce a bar chart. To make the measurements of the areas of news coverage comparable among different newspapers sizes, we use the percentage of used surface, and not the real area in mm².
The basic visualization of this type of graphic displays both the data itself (front pages and highlighted surfaces) as well as the measurement (the percentage of surface area) in a bar or line chart. Bar charts give a more accurate view of the surface devoted to the story, whereas line charts (see below) appear as a more continuous timeline, although they run the risk of suggesting a visual interpolation of discrete data. In other words, newspaper front pages provide one surface area datum per day, so a line connecting 2 surface area data points (from two consecutive days) produces a false sense of continuity. Line charts are useful, however, to compare more than 2 news threads over a long period of time, like the Arab Spring coverage (Egypt, Syria and Libya). When different topics are displayed one beside the other, it is a good way to study the battles for attention in the media; how related news "fight" for a position on page one, like in the Arab Spring coverage (Egypt, Syria, Libya and others) in Spanish newspapers.
Percentage of space used to display news regarding the "revolutions" (Egypt, Libya, Syria and others) in the Arab Spring in 4 Spanish newspapers front pages.
We can see how the media space is usually focused on one "revolution" at a time, and that there is not much juxtaposition of news about this topic.
We observed a big drop in the Arab Spring coverage on April 13th, because the Japanese tsunami was breaking news: Note how the green area (Japanese tsunami) "hides" all the other news related to the Arab Spring for a week. It is not the case that "nothing" related to the Arab Spring happened during that week, but rather that the media decided where to pay attention. News on front pages "fights" for space and its areas are related to one another.
Comparing Asynchronous News Coverage in Time
The relative measurement of the surfaces lets us not only compare different news from different newspaper sizes, but also from asynchronous timelines. This method would allow the measurement of the news cycle: enabling us to understand how long news lasts on the front pages and how similar events attract the attention of the media.
In the comparison of the surface coverage dedicated to the Haiti earthquake (day 1 = January 12th, 2010) and the Japanese tsunami (day 1 = March 11th, 2011) in 4 Spanish newspapers, we could measure and compare the length of the coverage. Remarkable is the rapid drop of the Japanese crisis coverage after day 8 (March 18th, 2011), caused by the UN's authorization allowing the international community to enter the war in Libya.
Semantic Analysis of News Content
It is also possible to make an automatic estimation of the article's content based on semantic technologies. This process would benefit from the automatic transcription of scanned newspaper front pages through optical character recognition (OCR). The graphic displays the number of times that certain words have appeared during the fall of Mubarak and Ali. Grouped under "democratic" and "dictatorial" groups, January and February 2011.
The fall of Ben Ali (Tunisia, orange) and Hosni Mubarak (Egypt, green) in 4 Spanish newspapers from January 10th through February 17th, 2011. More info.
As a case study, we used the fall of Mubarak and Ben Ali to compare how newspapers framed their last government/regime days. We analyzed the number of times that certain words appeared on the front page, and grouped them into two pools:
Democratic: president, government.
Dictatorial: dictator, rais, dictatorship, regime.
The aim of this study was to measure how newspapers are shifting their vocabulary along time, depending on their support / alignment with the issue they are covering. In Mubarak's fall, we can see how newspapers shifted their frame during the crisis from a predominant use of democratic words (president, government) to more dictatorial ones (dictatorship, dictator, regime). In the case of Ben Ali, more "dictatorial" types of words were employed to describe his last days in power.
Content and Frame Analysis
We have seen how articles can be categorized, then colored and quantified, by multiple taxonomies related to their content: a particular thread or categorized by country. To understand how newspapers are addressing one topic would be not enough to understand how much they are covering it. We will need a framing analysis of their coverage: Are they positive/neutral/negative about it? Are they supportive? How biased is the information they provide?
We used this approach to analyze how different Spanish newspapers were covering corruption cases. The fast-growing list of corruption investigations in Spain contained almost every institution in the country. Everyday, new information and a new cases were being unveiled, provoking an increasing sense of indignation. It was also true that the levels of indignation had reached an apex, that they caused either incredulity or insensitivity.
The hypothesis and common ground knowledge is that every Spanish newspaper is aligned with a political party. Newspapers follow the corruption cases of the "opponent" parties. Measuring front page coverage seemed to be a good proxy to analyze their political agendas and to verify the hypothesis. I selected the most important Spanish newspapers and highlighted the stories related to the different corruption cases during a one-month period.
In January 2013, the El Mundo and El País newspapers reported that the ex-treasurer of the ruling party (Partido Popular, PP), Luis Bárcenas, had a $29 million Swiss account, and then published excerpts from the party's parallel financial account. Both scoops impelled all the other newspapers to talk about the same PP corruption case, although other corruption cases affecting the main parties were also on the media menu. We coded the corruption cases from the major three parties: PP (conservative), blue; PSOE (center-left social democratic), red; CiU (conservative Catalan nationalist), orange; the royal house, green; other cases, purple.
Both newspapers, El Mundo and El País, are in opposite political spectrums, but made a common effort in this case to cover the Bárcenas story affecting the conservative party (PP) in the government.
El País centered its coverage on the PP (blue), leaving little space to the CiU (orange) or the monarchy (green), and none to the PSOE (red), following the expected behavior of a party related to the PSOE and the center-left. Meanwhile, El Mundo had a colorful timeline illustrating all the major corruption cases. Since the newspaper tends to defend the PP and attack the PSOE, it represented a change in their agenda.
However, some things did not fit into the alignment of mass media with certain major political parties that we could have expected. All of the newspapers were talking about the PP corruption case, but not in the same way. To understand how they were framing the story, we needed to add a new layer to the visualization: The issue of whether newspapers were framing corruption neutrally or negatively (plain areas) or defending and giving a positive view (striped areas).
A conservative newspaper like ABC (2nd row) dedicated their entire front page to the PP corruption case, but after the first news proclaimed that "PP must tell the truth about the Bárcenas case," they started defending the actions the PP was taking. As expected, other conservative newspapers (La Razón, La Gaceta, but not El Mundo, which had published the scoop) took a defensive position (Jan. 19-20). It is also worth noting that once El País released the excerpts of the parallel financial account (Jan. 31), La Gaceta, a far-right newspaper, stopped defending the PP.
I published a blog post about this case study that garnered a lot of attention in the social media sphere (Twitter). It is worth mentioning that El Mundo published a piece on this research: "El Mundo, the newspaper that covers all corruption cases" in a four-column headline[5]"A study by the prestigious MIT in the US shows that this newspaper stands out in the Spanish press for investigating the political parties without exception". . . They were interested in showing how the data visualization supported their unbiased work, and redrew the graphic to show El Mundo in first place.
In Spain, mass media are usually blamed for maintaining and supporting the bi-partisan system[6]PP-PSOE, both parties are the ones entangled in more corruption cases; check the Corruptódromo map.. This time, however, some newspapers were playing a fundamental role in unveiling corruption cases, but most of them only kept reporting about certain corruption scandals. Only a well-informed citizen who escapes the biased point of view of his/her reference newspaper can get the full picture of what is happening and react accordingly.
The method for analyzing newspaper front pages that we have described here, as well as the PageOneX.com platform, provide a straightforward way to analyze and visualize news attention to specific stories over time, across or between newspapers. In the future, we imagine either extending this tool or connecting it to others focusing on other media platforms, such as TV[7] Archive.org is making the TV searchable by recording TV images and captions in a public archive: http://archive.org/details/tv . and radio broadcasts, or to the online versions of newspapers and social media.
Content analysis, and newspaper content analysis by amount of coverage, has had a long history in the field of communication studies. New tools are enabling novel approaches to this kind of analysis. Some aspects of newspaper content analysis can be automated, some can be distributed (crowdsourced), some can be done much more quickly by human coders using sophisticated new interfaces. The data produced by such analysis can also be visualized in new ways, and compared against data from other new sources of information flow such as social media. This essay has explained the approach we have taken with PageOneX, demonstrated its application to several specific stories, and suggested areas for further work. We hope that PageOneX provides a valuable example to anyone interested in monitoring the media: communication scholars, social movement activists, or advocacy organizations.
We invite anyone interested to contact us and to participate in the future development of the platform.
Pablo Rey Mazón 2013.
References[+]
↑1 Democracia Real Ya was not only the motto, but also the citizen platform to deepen in democratic values http://democraciarealya.es
↑2 #NoLesVotes (Do not vote for them) was the hashtag used in Twitter to promote this cyber movement. First used against the "Ley Sinde" law (Ley de Economía Sostenible [Sustainable Economy Law], March 2011), which opened the possibility of Internet censorship. That led to a second stage of the online movement that urged a change in the electoral system to fight bipartisanship, "Do not vote for them" was their motto, referring to the parties that approved the law. "Les" also meant "Ley de Economía Sostenible."
↑3 Started in Madrid in February 2011, "Youth without a future" is a citizens' platform to address the problems of the precarious situation of the youth during the economic crisis juventudsinfuturo.net.
↑4 Started in Madrid in 2003 during that year's real estate bubble, "Right to housing" is a citizens' platform to address housing problems viviendadigna.org.
↑5 "A study by the prestigious MIT in the US shows that this newspaper stands out in the Spanish press for investigating the political parties without exception". .
↑6 PP-PSOE, both parties are the ones entangled in more corruption cases; check the Corruptódromo map.
↑7 Archive.org is making the TV searchable by recording TV images and captions in a public archive: http://archive.org/details/tv .
Posted in Front page newspaper analysis | Tagged 15M, arab spring, haiti, japanese tsunami, nolesvotes, occupy, pageonex


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Q: module.exports = function() how to call quick question.
I know how to export/import functions if they are placed like so
module.exports = {
    get: get,
    set: set
};

but i do not know how to run this function from another file, what exacly do i need to import/export?
 module.exports = function() {
 var this = {};
 var that = {}; ....
 much more code
 ....

A: Suppose you have a two files A.js and B.js
A.js
module.exports = function() {
   var this = {};
   var that = {}; ....
   much more code
   ....
}

Now if you want to use this in B.js then A.js is using default exports and it is exporting a function so you can use it like this.
var a = require('./A.js');
// now as A.js is exporing a function so you can call that function by invoking a() function
// as you have inported it into variable name a
a(); // this will call that

If your function needs arguments like this
module.exports = function(x, y) {
then you need can pass it like
a(1, 2);

A: I do not know, what you necessarily mean when you say "knowing how to import/export functions" but here is what you could do to define a function and later reuse it from another file.
test.js
module.exports = () => {
   console.log('This is a sample function')
}

use.js
const myfunc = require('./test');
myfunc(); // Would print This is a sample function

I have assumed test.js and use.js to be in the same directory.
You could also have multiple functions in a file:
test.js
module.exports.fn1 = () => {
   console.log('This is sample function1')

}
module.exports.fn2 = () => {
   console.log('This is sample function2')
}

use.js
const myfunc1 = require('./test').fn1;
myfunc1();
console.log(require('./test').fn2); // Directly if you want

You can also read about:

*

*import statement which currently is not supported by NodeJs but has a way with babel.

A: You have two ways to export the function of a module (archive js):
1) "By default" -> If you have only to export one function or other data in the same archive. In that case, you can import with the alias you want:
export default myFunction() {...}
(In the other archive)
import alias you want(the same name or other) from `'./name_of_the_archive_to_import';

2) "Several functions or objects" -> If you have to export several functions or other data in the same archive. In that case, you have to call(import) those variables with the same name that were declared:
export variable1;
export variable2;
...
(In the other archive)
import variable1 from './name_of_the_archive_to_import';
import variable2 from './name_of_the_archive_to_import';
...

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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>> 0.88 builds for the XO-1 and XO-1.5 as a new official project.
>> Stick, and create a top-level homepage with content directed at users.
>> I need help picking a pronounceable name, F11-0.88 is revolting.
doing similar work for their machines and their customers.
hindering their involvement in SLs.
vote positively (not that you are likely to need my vote on it).
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The company is buying out ICOS Corporation, its partner in erectile-dysfunction drug Cialis.
Oh, the headlines I had thought up for this article. Since The Motley Fool is a family site, I won't use any of them . but with the announcement today that pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly (NYSE:LLY) plans to acquire ICOS Corporation (NASDAQ:ICOS), which is its partner in the erectile-dysfunction drug Cialis, it's easy to imagine the type of jokes I could have made.
Lilly and ICOS brought Cialis to the market in 2003. As anyone who watches enough television knows, the drug has been fiercely competing with Pfizer's (NYSE:PFE) Viagra, as well as Levitra from Bayer (NYSE:BAY), GlaxoSmithKline (NYSE:GSK), and Schering-Plough (NYSE:SGP), in a huge marketing battle. There is room in the market for all three of these drugs, though, since the size of the erectile dysfunction market is huge. An estimated 18 million men aged 40 to 70 in the U.S. alone are affected by impotence, according to projections based on the Massachusetts Male Aging Study.
Its sales growth clearly exhibits the huge market potential of Cialis and the male sexual dysfunction drugs. Even facing the sales and marketing muscle of Pfizer, sales of Cialis are accelerating if you ignore the most recent quarter's growth (which was still quite good).
The terms of the acquisition call for Lilly to pay about $2.1 billion in cash for ICOS, which represents $32 a share and an 18% premium to the closing price of ICOS shares yesterday.
The acquisition is more about Lilly's outlook on the future of Cialis than any special affinity for ICOS, since ICOS has no other drugs in clinical development. Lilly and ICOS expect sales of Cialis to be in the range of $920 million to $950 million for 2006 and income from the two companies' joint venture to be $265 million to $285 million for the year. So Lilly is getting a fairly good deal, since it will be able to capture all the Cialis profits, plus it will now get all the potential upside from additional approvals for Cialis in new indications.
With more than $4.5 billion in cash and short-term investments, Lilly can easily afford to pay for this acquisition without any additional financing. If Lilly can keep growing Cialis sales at such a high rate, then this deal will be worth every penny of its $2.1 billion cost. All in all, it's a smart deal on Lilly's part.
Eli Lilly and GlaxoSmithKline areMotley Fool Income Investorpicks. For more great companies that pay great dividends, take a 30-day free trial of the newsletter.
Fool contributor Brian Lawler has a juvenile sense of humor, but does not own shares of any company mentioned in this article. The Fool'sdisclosure policy is no joke.


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Recycling water
Advanced oxidation
Pulsed corona treatment
Pulse generators
PCD reactors
Treatment efficiency
WAPULEC OY manufactures water treatment devices taking advantage of short-living active oxidant species, radicals, atomic oxygen and ozone, generated in plasma of electric discharge
The device is mainly comprised of the electric discharge reactor and the pulsed power supply unit , i.e. high-voltage pulse generator.
Schematic diagram of WAPULEC device is shown in figure. Water is fed to the top of the reactor and the down-flow stream is evenly distributed between electrodes by a sprinkling device such as nozzle, perforated plate or perforated tube, in a shower mode.
Dispersed water passes through the zone of electric pulsed corona discharge (PCD), where it is treated by short-living active species, products of the discharge. Treated water is, if necessary, either directly or after certain exposing to the residual ozone in the collection tank, delivered to the next operation or process, such as precipitation, filtration or biological treatment
The energy of electric discharge necessary for a water clean-up depends on the nature and the concentration of impurities. At very high pollution degree the water is treated in a recycling mode in the device working as a batch.
Combination of preliminary oxidative treatment by pulsed corona discharge of WAPULEC technology with other water treatment processes, including adsorption, membrane filtration and biological treatment substantially improve the performance of the combined system and increases the quality of the treated water, extending the lifetime of the sorbents and membranes.
The reactor consists of high voltage string electrodes and earthed plates made of ordinary stainless steel contained in a stainless steel or plastic box. Water is fed to the reactor in a shower mode, no intense turbulence or fog spray is needed. Typically, minimum air flow-through is necessary for just replenishment of oxygen consumed by chemical reactions. Pure oxygen supply may be organized one-way without gas outlet. There is no need in gas cooling and drying, which is essential to ozone synthesis in conventional ozonation process.
High performance and reliability of the power supply originates from our extensive knowledge and more than 20 years expertise in the area of high-voltage pulsed power engineering. The pulse generator is highly reliable and required no maintenance. Generator's input power ranges from 100 W to 5 kW and higher, dependent on the application.
The WAPULEC device originates from the experience in dielectric barrier discharge system "Impulse" used for the treatment of groundwater containing iron and manganese, and natural organic matter. The "Impulse" system has been applied to more than 100 facilities mostly in Russia.
Copyright © 2012 Wapulec OY All rights reserved | Website Template By ihatepixels.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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Football – And All Of Us – Against The Theological Despots
Posted by Ian | Nov 16, 2015 | International, Latest | 0
There will be silence before kick-off at Wembley Stadium tomorrow night, but we might also expect a cascade of noise to pour down from the stands, as well – La Marseillaise, a song of anger directed at an enemy, will doubtlessly be heard around the world. This friendly match between England and France would, on any other occasion, been considered for what it is from our collective viewing gantry within the bubble that is Planet Football, a useful if somewhat meaningless friendly international between two teams looking for a workout ahead of next summer's European Championships. All of that has changed now, of course. From the sound of explosions outside Le Stade de France on Friday evening on, this is now a match the significance of which we could not have guessed at this time last week.
The history of the relationship between these two nations is, of course, a complex and frequently fraught one and has been, under numerous different guises, for over a thousand years. At times, it feels as if England has tendency to view France through a prism of the differences between us rather than those which we have in common. Relatively recent history, however, has seen the English and the French as allies rather enemies, and the remembrance that will be marked tomorrow night will be a reflection upon this, a notion that frequently feels outdated in an increasingly atomised political age. For once, point scoring might be put to one side in order to remember the dead with solemnity, and then to send a message of defiance to a small number of fanatical recidivist ideologues who would seek to murder the majority of us and enslave the rest.
It may be overlooked – and it might even be understandable if it was, in its own way – but we should, in that moment, also pause to remember the dead of Beirut and beyond as well, tomorrow night. It is understandable that the spectre of death affects us more greatly when it visits upon a world closer to our homes, but the war that Islamic State wishes to induce is not merely a war against "The West." It's a war against all bar those who share their narrow and nihilistic worldview. Mourning those that have died against what we should surely consider to be a common enemy should not be considered a competition, and it may be appropriate to mark the deaths of all of those that have come to an untimely end at the hands of this poisonous organisation.
There will doubtlessly be some who are concerned at football as an entity getting involved in any form of memorial that goes beyond the game itself. The identification of Le Stade de France as a target for last Friday's attacks, however, in itself says something about the game's role in society in a broader sense. An international football match was selected as a target precisely because the game is a part of a broader culture that this organisation despises so much. Much is made of football as a "religion" and, however trite it may seem, there may be a case for arguing that our allegiances have come to replace and complement those to be found in churches in an increasingly secular society. Even if we reject this version of football's place in the world, it almost feels as if the Football Association and, more importantly, the French Football Federation, whose confirmation that this match must be played was so definite, had little choice in their decision. What alternative did they have? Only, it feels, one that would tell a story that none of us wish to tell.
It is to be hoped that whatever is decided upon for this match comes from people who understand that exaggerated displays of mawkishness are unnecessary and distracting. Similarly, the militarism that has creeped into remembrance day commemorations in recent years has no place at Wembley Stadium tomorrow night. It's divisive, and would be inappropriate at a time during which we, whoever "we" in this context may be, should be united. The dead should be remembered. A message of defiance should be sent to those celebrating last Friday's slaughter. And that is all that is necessary. With the whistle that blows to mark the start of the match, football will continue. Just as it should do. Just as we should all continue in our normal daily lives. Because if we deviate from that, we're giving the despicable a victory that they truly do not deserve.
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PreviousThe 200% Podcast 35: Random Football Club Generator – Crystal Palace
NextFIFA's Week: The (In)Famous Five
Ian began writing Twohundredpercent in May 2006. He lives in Brighton. He has also written for, amongst others, Pitch Invasion, FC Business Magazine, The Score, When Saturday Comes, Stand Against Modern Football and The Football Supporter. Ian was the first winner of the Socrates Award For Not Being Dead Yet at the 2010 NOPA awards for football bloggers.
Charlton Athletic & Coventry City: Brothers In Arms
The 2012 African Cup Of Nations: The Semi-Finals
Richard Scudamore & The EFL Trophy
Port Vale: Norman's Conquest


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National Recreation Trail - MAP - Manistee, 231-723-2211. M-55 West from M-55, to Caerfae Rd, N 2 mi on Caberfae.
Orchard Beach State Park - MAP - Ludington, 231-843-8671. M-110 out of Manistee on US-31, 2 mi to Park.
Pentwater Pathway - MAP - Shelby, 231-861-5636. SE of Pentwater on B-15 to Wayne Ave.
McGuireÕs Resort - MAP - Cadillac, 231-775-9947. S of Cadillac on Mackinaw Trail between US-131 and M-115.
Mitchell State Park - MAP - Cadillac, 231-775-7911. M-115 Between Lake Mitchell and Lake Cadillac.


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Michael is easy to relax with, and is a kind, funny and empathetic person who strives to give relief and education for clients.
His interests include travel, keeping fit at the gym, playing basketball, and spending time with his friends.
Completion of the following courses such as dry needling, reflexology, myofascial release, lymphatic drainage and a work shop on breathing/dealing with anxiety.
Winning my social mixed basketball B grade final on the 3rd attempt!


Discipline is a measure of degree, usually the third degree we give ourselves for not having enough. Every writing coach urges us to get our butts down in the chair and get something down on paper as regularly as possible. The possible being that great unknown at our fingertips. One word leads to another, but what is that first word? Once upon a time starts many a fairytale, and the tale we tell ourselves about being a writer might as well start there. I picked 7:00 a.m. as my starting time, once I realized 6:30 was just too Spartan for my body clock. Leaving the last half cup of yesterday's coffee on my desk eliminates the time consumption of having to brew a fresh cup to get started, although medical science and my aesthetically conscious bride might disagree with my assessment. Nonetheless, today, the first Monday of my new experiment in conscious productivity I was in place and typing by 7:08.
I've just begun teaching a creative writing course at a local private school so I had the great fortune of reading some student's homework assignments to get my brain literally thinking before I ventured into carving a new paragraph into the rockface of one of my personal projects. A trick I also use to start the game of word play is to read a page or two from a few different books that I stack on my desk as 'kick starters". I don't read to get into following the story as much as to reregister my place in the pantheon of wordsmiths. A bit of fiction, a biography, some poetry, maybe a political article, and some Scripture is usually enough to goad me into productive gear.
Setting a time limit allows my household to know how long to leave me, be as well as create the demand of the ticking clock as a focus element. A minute is to an hour like a sentence is to a page, I don't care which you count as long as you make it count. I use the same piece of music for writing that I use for casting myself off into dream land, a symphonic composition of Sibelius. It's a few shades above white noise as a distraction barrier while not being so close to the actual music I enjoy to pull me into be-bopping when I should be blog/slogging. It also runs about the same time as my designated writing period so it moves me in the right direction while providing a permissive backdrop to insight, epiphany, climax and denouement.
I'm from the generation that can quote TV as a legitimate cultural reference and so I can both "Love it when a plan comes together" and "Pity the fool" who doesn't have a writing plan. (The A-Team if you have to Google the reference). I've got about twelve minutes left to today's session, which is just about enough time to spell check and copy and paste this to the website. The almost smug satisfaction I gain from this first day of the week triumph ought to hold me over until some personal electronic device asks me for a password. Every journey starts with a single something or other, the word escapes me for the moment, but not for long as I'll be back at it tomorrow.


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Target CEO Cornell will stay past 65, logistics chief exits
Target Corp.'s chief executive, Brian Cornell, will stay with the company at least three more years, a step necessitating a change in its retirement rules, the company said Wednesday.
The news came with word that one of Target's top logistics executives is leaving just months after an inventory glut became the biggest problem of Cornell's eight-year tenure.
Arthur Valdez, 52, joined Target as chief supply chain and logistics officer in 2016 after years at Amazon.com. Target described his departure as a retirement and said he will continue to play an advisory role through next April.
"Arthur brought deep expertise to Target, and his leadership drove significant innovation across our supply chain, fueling Target's omnichannel growth," Cornell said in a statement.
Valdez will be succeeded by Gretchen McCarthy, a senior vice president of global inventory management who has worked at Target for nearly two decades.
Valdez first signaled to Target executives that he was interested in leaving the firm in 2021, well before the company's inventory ballooned this spring, a company spokeswoman said.
Cornell, 63, committed to remain as chief executive for approximately three more years. Target didn't specify if Cornell could stay past that time.
With Cornell's decision, Target's board of directors eliminated its retirement policy, which had required a discussion of retirement once a CEO or other top leader reached the age of 65.
"In discussions about the company's longer term plans, it was important to us as a board to assure our stakeholders that Brian intends to stay in his role beyond the traditional retirement age of 65," Monica Lozano, lead independent director of Target's board of directors, said in a statement.
Since Cornell became CEO in the summer of 2014, Target's annual revenue has grown from around $73 billion to $106 billion. In the pandemic, Target generated record profits as more people shopped for necessities as well as discretionary items to make spending time at home more bearable.
But this year, the Minneapolis-based firm failed to adjust to a downshift in consumer spending on goods. Its profit fell 90% in the May-through-July quarter as it slashed prices and canceled future orders to reduce its inventory.
And when its revenue missed estimates in the February-through-April period, investors slashed 25% of the company's stock value in one day, the worst single-day performance for Target shares since the 1987 market crash. In the days after that news, Cornell visited stores in different parts of the country to understand the extent of the inventory problem.
"With some of the inventory hiccups and some of the big earnings misses maybe they were getting questions about Cornell and how much longer he is going to be around and they thought this is a way to confirm it," said Brian Yarbrough, a retail analyst at Edward Jones.
McCarthy will immediately report to Target chief operating officer John Mulligan.
"She is stepping into her role as a proven leader who will bring a deep understanding of our business operations, and a highly collaborative, solution-oriented approach to leadership," Cornell said. "She and her global team will continue to drive our supply chain strategy to deliver for our guests and support strong enterprise growth."
COVID-19 Outbreak-Global Freight Transport Management Indust
One injured in truck collision with freight train in Glen
Al Gore, Maersk sink $80M into local logistics-tech player


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Rare protests in Egypt calling for president to step down
The protesters were responding to a call by a self-exiled businessman who claimed corruption by the military and government.
Dozens of people held a rare protest in Cairo (AP Photo/Nariman El-Mofty)
By Associated Press Reporter
Rare, anti-government protests have broken out in Egypt calling on President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi to step down.
https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/world-news/rare-protests-in-egypt-calling-for-president-to-step-down-38519726.html
https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/world-news/e20e7/38519724.ece/AUTOCROP/h342/bpanews_37c472ad-d723-4010-a378-7921e5bc839e_1
The former army general has overseen an unprecedented political crackdown, silencing critics and jailing thousands.
Mr El-Sissi came to power with the military's ousting of an elected but divisive Islamist president in 2013, amid mass protests against his one-year-rule.
In the capital, Cairo, dozens of protesters gathered on Friday night near Tahrir Square, the epicentre of the 2011 pro-democracy uprising that toppled long-time autocrat Hosni Mubarak.
The demonstration was against the regime in Egypt (AP/Nariman El-Mofty)
Demonstrators chanted slogans echoing the Arab Spring uprisings that briefly defied dictatorships across the region.
The protesters were responding to a call by a self-exiled businessman who claimed corruption by the military and government without providing evidence.
In viral social media videos posted over the past weeks, Muhammad Ali alleged his contracting business had witnessed the large-scale misuse of public funds in the building of luxurious hotels, presidential palaces and a tomb for Mr el-Sissi's mother, who died in 2014.
The allegations came as economic reforms and austerity have squeezed Egypt's lower and middle-classes badly.
In a rambling speech on Tuesday, Mr El-Sissi angrily dismissed the allegations as "sheer lies". He portrayed Mr Ali's videos as an attempt to weaken Egypt and undermine the public's trust in the military.
He said he would continue building new presidential residences for the good of the country. "I am building a new country," he said.
The president also warned Egyptians against protesting or repeating the 2011 uprising.
On Friday, security forces speedily dispersed the scattered protests, which came directly after a football game between al-Ahly, Egypt's biggest team, and their rivals Zamalek.
No casualties were reported. Unauthorised protests are not allowed in Egypt.
There were also small protests in other cities including the Mediterranean city of Alexandria.
Human Rights Watch (HRW) on Saturday urged Egyptian authorities to protect the right to peaceful protest.
"President al-Sissi's security agencies have time and again used brutal force to crush peaceful protests," said Michael Page, deputy Middle East and North Africa director at HRW.
"The authorities should recognise that the world is watching and take all necessary steps to avoid a repetition of past atrocities."


I did it. Quit Facebook. I had many personal reasons, but philosophically, what moved me was Aral Balkan's critique based on cyborg ontology and theory of surveillance capitalism. This, combined with a vision for decentralized planetary democracy, combined also w/ @Rushkoff's point about it just not being nice to your friends to link them there (like poor hygiene, or knowingly spreading a disease) finally broke my inertia.
@madrush As someone who gave up my primary Twitter account at the start of the year for personal reasons and my issues with how the company does business, I understand and respect your decision.


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Is hydrogen fuel dangerous?
By: Josh Clark
The Hindenburg explosion on May 6, 1937, at Lakehurst, New Jersey.
When the Hindenburg airship approached its dock in Lakehurst, N.J., on May 6, 1937, the blimp that held the passenger decks aloft was filled with hydrogen. This element, the simplest -- and most abundant -- in the universe, has one proton with a single electron revolving around it. Hydrogen also weighs the least of all the elements atomically. It can pack quite a punch, creating vast amounts of energy when oxygen and an ignition source are introduced. When the Hindenburg exploded, the world witnessed the power of hydrogen.
As the Hindenburg was docking that May evening, the blimp's outer skin was exposed to a static spark. In a matter of seconds, flames tore across the airship, reducing it to a ball of flames and twisted metal. Thirty-six people lost their lives in the disaster [source: National Archives]. And as fast as the Hindenburg burned, so, too, did the public's opinion of hydrogen. For many decades following the disaster, hydrogen was viewed with skepticism and even alarm. A "hydrogen fear factor" developed regarding the element [source: Edwards].
Today, as concerns grow about a possibly dwindling global supply of oil -- and increasing emissions of pollutants from that oil -- energy researchers are reconsidering hydrogen as a source of fuel. It certainly has a tremendous amount of promise: Hydrogen emits little or no greenhouse gases (GHGs). Its major byproducts are water vapor and heat. Hydrogen has the highest energy output by weight of any fuel [source: CECA]. And it's plentiful; hydrogen can be produced by a number of sources, from natural gas to water itself.
But the question still remains: Is hydrogen fuel a safe source of energy for our cars? How can hydrogen even be used as fuel? There's a quick primer on the next page.
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Challenges
A technique for extracting hydrogen from water, pioneered at the University of New South Wales in Australia, is demonstrated in 2005. The method uses solar power to fuel the reaction.
Ian Waldie/Getty Images
Hydrogen isn't actually an energy source -- it's an energy carrier [source: CECA]. Hydrogen carries the energy that's created when it's produced. It's similar to electricity: We can't burn electricity (which is an energy carrier), but electricity can be produced by burning energy sources like natural gas or petroleum. Then electricity transports this energy to other places, like the outlets in your home.
This means that the energy carrier has to be given the energy to carry, crudely speaking. So we must create energy to make hydrogen. This is a lot easier than the conventional method of obtaining our primary fuel source, oil. Getting oil requires drilling into reserves, pumping it out of the ground, refining it, and sending it to the gas station. By using hydrogen as a fuel source, essentially we can produce our own fuel and eliminate all of these steps -- and maybe the geopolitical strife that oil causes.
Hydrogen is created through a process known as reforming. Certainly, we can generate hydrogen as a means of energy transfer by burning natural gas or some other carbon-based fuel source. In fact, methane reforming (separating hydrogen from hydrocarbons by burning natural gas) is currently the most viable method of producing hydrogen fuel. But through this method, we're right back at square one, as far as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions go. While the process of transferring energy from hydrogen will be a clean one, the process of creating hydrogen will still burn fossil fuel and emit GHGs.
Just as there are cleaner ways to produce electricity (like hydroelectric power), hydrogen can also be created cleanly through wind or solar power -- even through microbes that eat algae and produce hydrogen as a waste product [source: NREL]. Researchers are evaluating these methods as reliable ways of producing hydrogen without burning fossil fuels. And others are figuring out the best way to use this produced hydrogen to power your car.
Auto engineers have devised hydrogen fuel cells. These fuel cells create electricity to power your car through electrochemical conversion. The pure chemical element hydrogen is split into its proton and electron, a process which generates electricity. When it mixes with oxygen, the byproduct of the process is water. Since a fuel cell can't produce enough electricity on its own to power a car, cells must be put together to create fuel cell stacks [source: Fuel Economy.gov]. Once you put a few stacks together, though, your car can zoom along.
A big issue remains, however: storing the hydrogen aboard your vehicle. Some methods are already in use. Hydrogen may be stored in the form of a highly pressurized gas or an extremely cold liquid, like cryogenic hydrogen. This works for storing hydrogen at the fuel pumps, but it's not practical for carrying around fuel in your car. Cryogenic hydrogen liquid would require an extra onboard system to keep the fuel cold. This would add weight, which affects the vehicle's energy efficiency.
Researchers are still investigating the optimal ways to store and exploit hydrogen as a fuel source. Part of that research includes dispelling the public's fears of hydrogen fuel. Science may be able to crack the hydrogen fuel puzzle, but if drivers still envision themselves being flash-burned alive in a ball of white-hot flame after a fender bender, then who would buy a hydrogen-fueled car anyway? Perhaps the next page will assuage your worries.
Hydrogen Fuel Safety
The engine of a Ford hydrogen fuel cell electric car. The auto was on display at the 2005 National Hydrogen Association's national conference.
Joe Raedle/Getty Images
In many cases, hydrogen is safer than the fuel we currently use to power our cars. Carbon-based fuels tend to spread as liquids (as you well know if you've ever spilled gasoline on yourself at the pump). When it burns, conventional fuel produces hot ash, creating radiant heat. This isn't the case with hydrogen. In its pure form, hydrogen burns no carbon and produces no hot ash and very little radiant heat [source: RMI]. What's more, when hydrogen leaks, it ascends rapidly into the atmosphere, so it has less time to burn [source: Princeton].
So what about the Hindenburg? Both proponents and opponents of hydrogen fuel have latched onto the ill-fated blimp in their debate. While opponents point to it as a cautionary tale, proponents view it as exoneration for hydrogen.
Although the hydrogen aboard the Hindenburg certainly did burn with incredible force, it wasn't the hydrogen that created the disaster -- it was aluminum powder. To reflect sunlight, the skin of Hindenburg was covered in this powder, a form equivalent to rocket fuel [source: RMI]. And the cotton fabric that made up the blimp's skin was waterproofed with highly flammable acetate [source: ABC]. Hydrogen proponents also point out that the flames in the Hindenburg disaster burned upward rather than out because the element is so lightweight. This left the passengers in the carrier beneath relatively unmolested by the flames. Thirty-five of the 36 Hindenburg deaths were the result of passengers jumping from the airship; all of those who remained aboard survived [source: RMI].
The challenge presented by hydrogen fuel storage is to come up with ways to create storage tanks that won't prove to be a cautionary tale against hydrogen for future generations. In other words, what would make the best storage tank to prevent hydrogen from exploding in a car accident?
Steel tanks are one possibility. They're strong enough to serve as reliable carriers for hydrogen gas in automobiles. If an accident does occur, a steel tank will likely be able to withstand an impact without suffering a puncture or rupture. One problem with steel, however, is that hydrogen is so lightweight and therefore less dense than gasoline. Any tank that holds pressurized hydrogen fuel would have to be much bigger than the conventional gas tank on your car. A steel tank would be pretty heavy and reduce energy efficiency.
Composite materials seem to offer even more promise than steel. Tanks made of polyethylene are lightweight, can be shaped to fit a car and are designed to powder -- absorb the energy of an impact, reducing the tank to dust and ostensibly releasing the hydrogen safely into the atmosphere [source: Princeton].
Hydrogen may ultimately be stored in materials that can hold the element and release it when needed. Some types of metal, like metal hydride, can trap hydrogen molecules within their compositional structure. Here, the hydrogen is stored safely and released when the metal is heated. What makes this technology even more appealing is that the heat necessary for the release of hydrogen molecules from their metal tanks could come from the waste heat produced by a hydrogen fuel cell [source: DOE].
It doesn't seem the "hydrogen fear factor" is doing much to dissuade continued research into its viability as a fuel source. And if the world really is running out of oil, we may have to put aside those fears once and for all.
For more information on hydrogen fuel and other related topics, visit the next page.
Fuel Cell Quiz
How the Hydrogen Economy Works
How Fuel Cells Work
How Blimps Work
How Electric Cars Work
U.S. DOE Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE) Home Page
Rocky Mountain Institute
Hindenburg Disaster Radio Broadcast at National Archives
Edwards, Peter P. "Our fear of hydrogen fuel stations." The Times. April 21, 2008. http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/comment/letters/article3784369.ece
Kruszelnicki, Karl S. "Hindenburg and hydrogen." Australian Broadcasting Company. 2004. http://www.abc.net.au/science/k2/moments/s1052864.htm
Murphy, Christian. "Differentiating energy sources and carriers." Consumer Energy Council of America. July 30, 2003. http://www.cecarf.org/Programs/Fuels/SourcesCarriers.html
"Fuel cell vehicles." California Energy Commission. http://www.consumerenergycenter.org/transportation/fuelcell/index.html
"Fuel storage." Princton University. http://www.princeton.edu/~chm333/2002/spring/FuelCells/H_storage.shtml
"How they work: PEM fuel cells." Fuel Economy.gov. http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/fcv_PEM.shtml
"Hydrogen facts." Consumer Energy Council of America. 2003. http://www.cecarf.org/Programs/Fuels/Fuelfacts/HydrogenFacts.html
"Hydrogen production and delivery." National Renewable Energy Laboratory. June 1, 2007. http://www.nrel.gov/hydrogen/proj_production_delivery.html
"Is hydrogen dangerous?" Rocky Mountain Institute. http://www.rmi.org/sitepages/pid205.php
"Metal hydrides." U.S. Department of Energy. November 6, 2006. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/hydrogenandfuelcells/storage/metal_hydrides.html
"Scenes from hell: Herb Morrison - Hindenburg disaster, 1937." National Archives. http://www.archives.gov/exhibits/eyewitness/html.php?section=5
Josh Clark "Is hydrogen fuel dangerous?" 19 May 2008.
HowStuffWorks.com. <https://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/alternative-fuels/dangerous-hydrogen-fuel.htm> 17 January 2022


Style # X6067 Oversize wall clock features a raised vine pattern on the frame and aged parchment dial. Sorry - sold out!
Bring some old-world style to any room with this stately wall clock from Howard Miller. A raised vine pattern decorates the burnished brown frame creating a lovely patina. Aged parchment dial with Roman numerals and antique gold bezel give this piece an elegant, refined effect.
Wall clock with aged parchment dial.
Raised vine pattern on the frame.
Antique gold finish bezel and black hands.
Quartz movement takes one AA battery (not included).


text:
Five half term events in Coventry today: February 19, 2016
Find the best events happening near you in a bid to keep the kids entertained
James RodgerAdvanced Content Writer
Gangsta Granny
Where? Belgrade Theatre, Belgrade Plaza, Coventry.
It's Friday night and Ben knows that means only one thing – staying with granny! There will be cabbage soup, cabbage pie and cabbage cake and Ben knows one thing for sure – it's going to be sooooooooo boring!
But what Ben doesn't know is that granny has a secret – and Friday nights are about to get more exciting than he could ever imagine, as he embarks on the adventure of a lifetime with his very own Gangsta Granny!
From the acclaimed producers of Horrible Histories comes the world premiere of this amazing story by David Walliams, the UK's best-selling author for children.
How much? Adults from £14.75 Children from £10 Families from £40.
Hall's Croft
Tudor Workshops
Where? Hall's Croft, Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire.
Hear a Tudor boy's tale of Shakespeare's youth and find out all about Tudor medicine, clothes and more.
Plus, meet a real life plague rat, tarantula and other animals connected to Tudor times!
Snoopy and Charlie Brown: The Peanuts Movie
Where? Warwick Arts Centre, the University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry.
Charlie Brown, Snoopy, Lucy, Linus and the rest of the beloved Peanuts gang make their big-screen debut.
Snoopy embarks upon his greatest mission as he takes to the skies to pursue his arch-nemesis The Red Baron, while his best pal, Charlie Brown, begins his own epic quest.
How much? £7.50 - £9.
Half Term
What's on at the Belgrade
What's on at Warwick Castle
What's on in Stratford
Ten fun and educational events
Snow Child
Tutti Frutti is thrilled to bring you writer Emma Reeves' new play following her huge success with her adaptation of Jacqueline Wilson's Hetty Feather and her TV triumphs;Tracy Beaker and the Dumping Ground as well as her new up and coming show Eve.
With atmospheric music by Ollie Birch, beautiful movement by Joanne Bernard and an inspired design brought to you by Kate Bunce, this promises to be a wonderland of poignant, inventive storytelling to enchant children and families.
How much? £11.25.
Where? Broadgate, Coventry city centre.
What? The market takes place on each third Friday of the month and has always proven to be a popular attraction for the shoppers and visitors in the city that are hoping to experience the very best fresh local produce available.
Stalls will be open between 9am and 3pm, with market traders selling goods and produce that are all sourced from within and close to the local community.
How much? Free. Runs from 9am until 3pm.


text:
% [rawresp, resp] = nASRApi(id, key, data)
% Wrapper for nuance automatic speech recognition (ASR) API
%
% id is appId
% key is appKey
% data is raw/char matrix of data
%
% rawresp is the raw string response
% resp is the response in cell
%
% Long Le
% University of Illinois
% longle1@illinois.edu
%
function [rawresp, resp] = nASRApi(id, key, data)

params = {'appId', id, 'appKey', key, 'id', 'C4461956B60B'};
queryString = http_paramsToString(params);
header(1) = http_createHeader('Content-Type', 'audio/x-wav;codec=pcm;bit=16;rate=16000');
header(2) = http_createHeader('Accept-Language', 'ENUS');
header(3) = http_createHeader('Content-Length', num2str(length(data)-44)); % Do not send header, according to the API.
header(4) = http_createHeader('Accept', 'application/xml');
header(5) = http_createHeader('Accept-Topic', 'Dictation');
rawresp = urlread2(['https://dictation.nuancemobility.net:443/NMDPAsrCmdServlet/dictation?' queryString], 'POST', data(45:end), header, 'READ_TIMEOUT', 30000);
resp = textscan(rawresp, '%s', 'delimiter', sprintf('\n')); % expecting cell of size 1
if (strcmp(resp{1}{1}, '<html>'))
    resp = 'Nuance error';
end

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Hampshire /
Southampton /
Seann Walsh: After This One, I'm Going Home Theatre & Performing Arts
'One of comedy's hottest properties...very talented, very funny' London Evening Standard. At NST City.
Returning from his run in America, where he made his USA television debut appearance on Conan, Seann Walsh is back on tour in the UK.
This dishevelled, fiery, animated, fiercely idle, millennial man child is one of best live comedians to have come out of the UK.
Seann made his acting debut starring in Comedy Central's sitcom Big Bad World. This was quickly followed up by the lead role in Monks (BBC One). He also utilised his physical comedic abilities in Sky's silent comedy, Three Kinds of Stupid, which led to him producing, writing and starring in his own silent comedy web-series The Drunk. He also wrote and starred in his own Sky short for Sky Arts and is now co-starring in Jack Dee's brand-new sitcom Bad Move (ITV one). He recently made his feature film debut as the children's nemesis in family film, 2:hrs. Seann is quickly on his way to becoming one of the UK's best comedy character actors.
Team captain on Virtually Famous (Channel 4) and a regular on Play To The Whistle (ITV). Other TV appearances include: One For The Road (BBC 3), Live At The Apollo (BBC 2), The Jonathan Ross Show (ITV), Tonight at The London Palladium (ITV), Celebrity Juice (ITV2), 8 Out Of 10 Cats (Channel 4), 8 Out Of 10 Cats Does Countdown (Channel 4), Alan Carr's Chatty Man (Channel 4) and Russell Howards Stand Up Central (Comedy Central).
Seann can currently be heard hosting his weekly radio show News-Ish on Fubar Radio.
His debut DVD, Seann to be Wild, was recorded at Hammersmith Apollo and received critical acclaim when it was released in 2013 by Universal Pictures.
Date(s)29 Mar 2019
VenueNuffield Southampton Theatres City
Address142-144, Above Bar Street, Southampton, Hampshire,
SO147DU
Explore localWhat's on in Southampton
Other eventsWhat's on at Nuffield Southampton Theatres City
Main photo may be copyright © Rosalyn
The Palmerston Apartments
ROOMS FROM£110
Located 400 metres from Southampton Guildhall and 700 metres from The Mayflower Theatre, The Palmerston Apartments offers accommodation in Southampton. Featuring free private parking, the apartment is 6 km from Ageas Bowl..
Postcode: SO14 0AA
Distance from Nuffield Southampton Theatres City:
Town or Country -
Featuring park views, Town or Country - Central Park Apartments are located in the city centre of Southampton. A fully equipped kitchen is provided, as well as a spacious lounge and a dining area. Free WiFi is available.
Postcode: SO14 1LP
Premier Inn Southampton City
This Premier Inn offers modern, spacious rooms in Southamptons lively city centre. The on-site restaurant serves all-you-can-eat breakfasts, and the West Quay Shopping Centre is 0.6 miles away.
Postcode: SO14 0AB
Jurys Inn Southampton
ROOMS FROM£55.2
Overlooking East Park, Jurys Inn has a 24-hour reception and a modern restaurant. The hotel is located in Southampton centre, less than a mile from Southampton Central Railway Station. Free WiFi is accessible throughout.
Postcode: SO14 0TB
Mayview Guest House
Mayview Guest House is set in Southampton, 100 metres from The Mayflower Theatre. Rooms have a flat-screen TV with cable channels. Certain units have a seating area for your convenience.
Postcode: SO15 2BN
Circle Guest House
Located in the centre of Southampton, Circle Guest House provides comfortable bed and breakfast accommodation. Free private car parking is available, and free Wi-Fi is accessible throughout..
View all hotels near Nuffield Southampton Theatres City
Time(s) 7:30 PM - 9:30 PM
Cost £14
Venue Nuffield Southampton Theatres City
142-144, Above Bar Street
Category Theatre & Performing Arts
Get in touch with the organiser of this event by completing this form. If necessary, Rosalyn will reply as soon as possible.


text:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">

<title>CAST5Engine (Bouncy Castle Library 1.54 API Specification)</title>
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Bouncy Castle Cryptography Library 1.54

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org.bouncycastle.crypto.engines

Class CAST5Engine

java.lang.Object

org.bouncycastle.crypto.engines.CAST5Engine

All Implemented Interfaces:

BlockCipher

Direct Known Subclasses:

CAST6Engine

public class CAST5Engine
extends java.lang.Object
implements BlockCipher

A class that provides CAST key encryption operations,
 such as encoding data and generating keys.

 All the algorithms herein are from the Internet RFC's

 RFC2144 - CAST5 (64bit block, 40-128bit key)
 RFC2612 - CAST6 (128bit block, 128-256bit key)

 and implement a simplified cryptography interface.

Field Summary

Fields

Modifier and Type
Field and Description

protected int[]
_Km

protected int[]
_Kr

protected static int
BLOCK_SIZE

protected static int
M32

protected static int
MAX_ROUNDS

protected static int
RED_ROUNDS

protected static int[]
S1

protected static int[]
S2

protected static int[]
S3

protected static int[]
S4

protected static int[]
S5

protected static int[]
S6

protected static int[]
S7

protected static int[]
S8

Constructor Summary

Constructors

Constructor and Description

CAST5Engine()

Method Summary

Methods

Modifier and Type
Method and Description

protected void
Bits32ToBytes(int in,
             byte[] b,
             int offset)

protected void
Bits32ToInts(int in,
            int[] b,
            int offset)

protected int
BytesTo32bits(byte[] b,
             int i)

protected void
CAST_Decipher(int L16,
             int R16,
             int[] result)

protected void
CAST_Encipher(int L0,
             int R0,
             int[] result)

Does the 16 rounds to encrypt the block.

protected int
decryptBlock(byte[] src,
            int srcIndex,
            byte[] dst,
            int dstIndex)

Decrypt the given input starting at the given offset and place
 the result in the provided buffer starting at the given offset.

protected int
encryptBlock(byte[] src,
            int srcIndex,
            byte[] dst,
            int dstIndex)

Encrypt the given input starting at the given offset and place
 the result in the provided buffer starting at the given offset.

protected int
F1(int D,
  int Kmi,
  int Kri)

The first of the three processing functions for the
 encryption and decryption.

protected int
F2(int D,
  int Kmi,
  int Kri)

The second of the three processing functions for the
 encryption and decryption.

protected int
F3(int D,
  int Kmi,
  int Kri)

The third of the three processing functions for the
 encryption and decryption.

java.lang.String
getAlgorithmName()

Return the name of the algorithm the cipher implements.

int
getBlockSize()

Return the block size for this cipher (in bytes).

void
init(boolean encrypting,
    CipherParameters params)

initialise a CAST cipher.

protected int
IntsTo32bits(int[] b,
            int i)

int
processBlock(byte[] in,
            int inOff,
            byte[] out,
            int outOff)

Process one block of input from the array in and write it to
 the out array.

void
reset()

Reset the cipher.

protected void
setKey(byte[] key)

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait

Field Detail

M32

protected static final int M32

See Also:

Constant Field Values

S1

protected static final int[] S1

S2

protected static final int[] S2

S3

protected static final int[] S3

S4

protected static final int[] S4

S5

protected static final int[] S5

S6

protected static final int[] S6

S7

protected static final int[] S7

S8

protected static final int[] S8

MAX_ROUNDS

protected static final int MAX_ROUNDS

See Also:

Constant Field Values

RED_ROUNDS

protected static final int RED_ROUNDS

See Also:

Constant Field Values

BLOCK_SIZE

protected static final int BLOCK_SIZE

See Also:

Constant Field Values

_Kr

protected int[] _Kr

_Km

protected int[] _Km

Constructor Detail

CAST5Engine

public CAST5Engine()

Method Detail

init

public void init(boolean encrypting,
        CipherParameters params)

initialise a CAST cipher.

Specified by:

init in interface BlockCipher

Parameters:

encrypting - whether or not we are for encryption.

params - the parameters required to set up the cipher.

Throws:

java.lang.IllegalArgumentException - if the params argument is
 inappropriate.

getAlgorithmName

public java.lang.String getAlgorithmName()

Description copied from interface: BlockCipher

Return the name of the algorithm the cipher implements.

Specified by:

getAlgorithmName in interface BlockCipher

Returns:

the name of the algorithm the cipher implements.

processBlock

public int processBlock(byte[] in,
               int inOff,
               byte[] out,
               int outOff)

Description copied from interface: BlockCipher

Process one block of input from the array in and write it to
 the out array.

Specified by:

processBlock in interface BlockCipher

Parameters:

in - the array containing the input data.

inOff - offset into the in array the data starts at.

out - the array the output data will be copied into.

outOff - the offset into the out array the output will start at.

Returns:

the number of bytes processed and produced.

reset

public void reset()

Description copied from interface: BlockCipher

Reset the cipher. After resetting the cipher is in the same state
 as it was after the last init (if there was one).

Specified by:

reset in interface BlockCipher

getBlockSize

public int getBlockSize()

Description copied from interface: BlockCipher

Return the block size for this cipher (in bytes).

Specified by:

getBlockSize in interface BlockCipher

Returns:

the block size for this cipher in bytes.

setKey

protected void setKey(byte[] key)

encryptBlock

protected int encryptBlock(byte[] src,
               int srcIndex,
               byte[] dst,
               int dstIndex)

Encrypt the given input starting at the given offset and place
 the result in the provided buffer starting at the given offset.

Parameters:

src - The plaintext buffer

srcIndex - An offset into src

dst - The ciphertext buffer

dstIndex - An offset into dst

decryptBlock

protected int decryptBlock(byte[] src,
               int srcIndex,
               byte[] dst,
               int dstIndex)

Decrypt the given input starting at the given offset and place
 the result in the provided buffer starting at the given offset.

Parameters:

src - The plaintext buffer

srcIndex - An offset into src

dst - The ciphertext buffer

dstIndex - An offset into dst

F1

protected final int F1(int D,
     int Kmi,
     int Kri)

The first of the three processing functions for the
 encryption and decryption.

Parameters:

D - the input to be processed

Kmi - the mask to be used from Km[n]

Kri - the rotation value to be used

F2

protected final int F2(int D,
     int Kmi,
     int Kri)

The second of the three processing functions for the
 encryption and decryption.

Parameters:

D - the input to be processed

Kmi - the mask to be used from Km[n]

Kri - the rotation value to be used

F3

protected final int F3(int D,
     int Kmi,
     int Kri)

The third of the three processing functions for the
 encryption and decryption.

Parameters:

D - the input to be processed

Kmi - the mask to be used from Km[n]

Kri - the rotation value to be used

CAST_Encipher

protected final void CAST_Encipher(int L0,
                 int R0,
                 int[] result)

Does the 16 rounds to encrypt the block.

Parameters:

L0 - the LH-32bits of the plaintext block

R0 - the RH-32bits of the plaintext block

CAST_Decipher

protected final void CAST_Decipher(int L16,
                 int R16,
                 int[] result)

Bits32ToInts

protected final void Bits32ToInts(int in,
                int[] b,
                int offset)

IntsTo32bits

protected final int IntsTo32bits(int[] b,
               int i)

Bits32ToBytes

protected final void Bits32ToBytes(int in,
                 byte[] b,
                 int offset)

BytesTo32bits

protected final int BytesTo32bits(byte[] b,
                int i)

Overview

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Class

Tree

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Bouncy Castle Cryptography Library 1.54

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text:
"He has a very good feel for the strategy of a case. He is very easy to deal with, very good with clients and very good in the courts which is an all too rare combination."
Add CV to portfolio
richardhermer@matrixlaw.co.uk
Practice Team:
practiceteamx@matrixlaw.co.uk
Richard Hermer's practice spans public and private law litigation within both the domestic and international spheres. He has been instructed in many of the most high profile cases heard by the English Courts over the past decade. He was called to the Bar in 1993 and took silk in 2009. He is recognised in the major legal directories as a leading practitioner in all his practice areas.
Richard's public international law cases include those concerning State Immunity such as the leading case of Jones v Saudi Arabia (House of Lords, April 2006), and dipliomatic immunity (see Reyes v Al Maliki (Supreme Court October 2017). He has appeared in a range of cases concerning the interrelationship between international law (including international humanitarian law) and domestic law including Al Waheed v Secretary of State for Defence (Supreme Court, February 2016) and Serdar Mohammed v Secretary of State for Defence (Supreme Court October 2016) and Al Jedda v Secretary of State for Defence (House of Lords, October 2007) and cases assessing the extra-territorial application of domestic legislation overseas such as Al Skeini v Secretary of State for Defence (House of Lords, April 2007). Richard has also been instructed in cases concerning the legality of the UN financial sanction framework including the leading case of Ahmed v HM Treasury (Supreme Court, October 2009. Richard led the claimant team in the case of Belhadj & Others v Jack Straw & Others (Supreme Court,November 2015) which concerned liability for extraordinary rendition and the application of the Foreigh Act of State Doctrine.
Richard regularly advises on a wide range of PIL issues including international human rights law and international humanitarian law and lectures extensively both in the UK and internationally.
Private International Law
Over the past decade Richard has appeared in many high profile private international law claims brought by foreign claimants in the English courts against multinational corporations for human rights abuses or widespread environmental damage. His cases include Lungowe v Vedanta (Supreme Court January 2019) a group action arising out of environmental damage in Zambia, Okpabi v Royal Dutch Shell (Court of Appeal February 2018) a group action stemming from oil spills in Nigeria; AAA v Unilever (Court of Appeal July 2018), a group action concerning alleged failures to protect a workforce from election violence in Kenya) and Kalma v African Minerals, a claim brought by Sierra Leone nationals against a mining company alleged to have been complicit in their mistreatment (High Court, December 2018). Richard also represented the claimants in the 'Trafigura Litigation', one of the largest group actions in ever brought in England; Bodo Community v Shell a £55million settlement for environmental damage caused by pollution in the Niger Delta; Tabra v Monterrico, a claim brought against a UK domiciled mining company by Peruvian environmental protestors for torture and Strudhadar v NERC a claim concerning water contamination in Bangladesh (House of Lords, July 2006).
Richard has also appeared in a significant number of private international law claims against government. These include: the 'Mau Mau' litigation which led to the successful settlement of over 3,000 claims brought by individuals mistreated by the Colonial regime in Kenya; the Guantanamo Bay litigation brought by UK citizens and residents held in Cuba including Al Rawi v Security Services (Supreme Court, January 2011); and multiple claims brought against the Ministry of Defence for mistreatment of civilians in Iraq, including on behalf of the family of Baha Mousa and also two successful trials brought on behalf of four Iraqi civilians alleging mistreatment and unlawful detention (High Court, December 2017).
Domestic Public Law and Private Law
Richard's domestic practice is evenly split between public law and private law including high profile claims against public authorities and private bodies.
He has considerable experience of domestic Group Litigation for example acting for military veterans subject to medical experiments at Porton Down and on behalf of children unlawfully held in immigration detention centres and prisoners unlawfully deprived of methadone treatment. He acted on behalf of injured servicemen successfully challenging the principle of combat immunity Smith v Ministry of Defence (Supreme Court, February 2013), a claim on behalf of Derek Bentley (sentenced to death and posthumously pardoned), the fatal police shooting of James Ashley (House of Lords, February 2008) represented the family of Victoria Climbie and is currently instructed in the civil claim arising out of the shooting of Mark Duggan.
Recent public law claims include El Gizouli a challenge to the Home Secretary's decision to provide Mutual Legal Assistance to the United States without a death penalty assurance (Divisional Court, January 2019), BF, a challenge to age assessments in the immigration detention system (Court of Appeal, December 2018), PLP v Lord Chancellor a challenge to the adequacy of legal aid (Court of Appeal, March 2016), C v Secretary of State for Justice a successful challenge to the policy of restraining children in detention (Court of Appeal in July 2008) SXH v Crown Prosecution Service a challenge to the prosecution of asylum applicants (Supreme Court July 2016). Richard has also appeared in a number of cases concerning the scope of the State's obligations to vulnerable people under the Human Rights Act, for example Van Colle v Chief Constable of Herfordshire (House of Lords, July 2008) and Savage v South Essex NHS Partnership (House of Lords, December 2008)
Richard is committed to protecting and respecting your privacy. In order to provide legal services to his clients, including advice and representation services, Richard needs to collect and hold personal data. This includes his client's personal data and the personal data of others who feature in the matter upon which he is instructed. To view Richard's privacy notice in full, see here.
Richard is regulated by the Bar Standards Board and accepts instructions under Standard Contractual Terms. To find out more information on this and the way we work at Matrix, including our fee transparency statement, please see our see our service standards.
DIRECTORY RECOMMENDATIONS
"Incredibly effective and a master tactician"; "An effective advocate who makes the complicated easily digestible"; "He is a very good leader of large teams of lawyers. He is hard-working and also effective in his advocacy."
(Chambers & Partner 2017)
"A superb silk; he has a first-class brain and strategic sense combined with deep commitment."
(Legal 500 2016)
"Sharp, strategic, reliable and a pleasure to work with"; "continues to consistently impress market sources"; "creative and strategic thinker"; "admired for pushing the boundaries in human rights and personal injury law"; "fantastic – one of the most thoughtful and creative lawyers handling public law and is known for his excellent tactical sense"; "long been a force to be reckoned with in the field of international human rights law".
(Chambers & Partners 2012)
"Exceptionally able and dynamic"; "successful in a wide range of disciplines"; "outstanding lawyer"; "celebrated in the fields of police law, civil liberties and international public law"; "clear, concise, analytical style"; "well respected for his expertise in international human rights matters and the application of international law in domestic courts".
Called: 1993 Silk 2009
General CV
MAIN AREAS OF PRACTICE:
Inquest finds air pollution to be a factor in death of nine-year-old Ella Kissi-Debrah
Convicted terrorists' civil claim of mistreatment struck out for 'collateral attack' on earlier criminal proceedings
Home Department permitted to provide material relating to alleged terrorist to US Government, under Mutual Legal Assistance
'The choice of counsel and client focus is top class'