text:
Home > News & Events > Science News > Science News from 2016
Science News from 2014
Summary of Facebook Q&A on Electroconvulsive Therapy
The following is a summary of NIMH's Q&A on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which was conducted on March 17, 2016 with expert Sarah Lisanby, M.D. This summary includes all NIMH posts and responses to questions during the Q&A. View the Q&A in its entirety. This page is also available as a pdf.
NIMH: Welcome and thanks for joining the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) today for a Q&A on electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Before we begin, we strongly encourage you to read the information below.
We will be answering your questions for the next hour until 5 p.m. ET. Please respect others and stay on the topic of ECT. While NIMH encourages you all to share your thoughts and experiences, we reserve the right to remove any comments that are inconsistent with our policy. NIMH does not permit vulgar, profane, or abusive language; personal attacks of any kind; inappropriate religious, sexual, political, or racial references; unsupported accusations. We reserve the right to block repeat offenders of our policy. You may view the policy in full here.
Please also note that NIMH is a U.S. federal research agency. We cannot provide specific medical advice or practitioner referrals. Learn more about NIMH. If you need medical advice, or a second opinion, please consult your healthcare provider. Here are some other resources that you may find helpful.
We have NIMH expert Sarah Lisanby, M.D. answering your ECT questions today. Dr. Lisanby is one of the leading researchers in the area of neuromodulatory interventions for treating major depression, serving as a principal investigator on studies that range from basic research through clinical trials. Dr. Lisanby joined NIMH last year as the director of the Division of Translational Research. Learn more about Dr. Lisanby.
ECT is a type of neuromodulation therapy, which is used to treat severe, treatment- resistant depression, as well as other serious mental disorders. Neuromodulatory therapies involve stimulating the brain with electricity, magnetic fields, or other forms of energy. In the case of ECT, electricity is applied to the scalp to induce a therapeutic seizure in a patient who is under anesthesia. The person remains under constant medical monitoring by an anesthesiologist and a psychiatrist, as well as nursing staff, throughout the procedure. The decision to use ECT depends on several factors, including the severity and duration of the patient's illness, the likelihood that alternative treatments would be effective, the side effects of alternative treatments, the patient's preference, and a weighing of the risks and benefits. ECT is typically reserved for use after medications have been tried and were found to be unsuccessful, but it can also be used earlier in the course of illness in severe life-threatening situations such as suicidal ideation, catatonia, and psychotic depression, for example.
ECT is recognized by the American Psychiatric Association as "a safe and effective evidence-based medical treatment. ECT is endorsed by the APA when administered by properly qualified psychiatrists for appropriately selected patients." Read APA's statement on ECT.
It is important to appreciate that ECT is not "one size fits all." There are many different types and dosages of ECT, each of which have distinct effects.
Q: What is the definition of the word "neuromodulation"? What is it that you are modulating in the neurones?
NIMH: Neuromodulation tools, such as ECT and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), use electric fields to change the functioning of circuits in the brain. The brain can be thought of as an electrical organ. Action potentials, which are the fundamental components of neuronal activity, are electrical events caused by the flow of ions through channels in the cell membrane. Neuromodulation tools like ECT and TMS can induce action potentials and trigger neurons to fire.
Depression is a leading cause of disability worldwide, and a leading cause of suicide. Suicide rates in the U.S. have not declined, despite the availability of antidepressant medications and evidence-based psychosocial interventions. Of major concern, recent data suggest suicide rates may be on the rise . Therefore, there is a need for other effective treatments for major depression and ECT is often the best hope. Although major depression is one of the most common mental disorders in the U.S., some patients don't respond to the most commonly used treatments such as antidepressants and evidence-based psychotherapies. Data from the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR-D) clinical trial indicate that, despite an adequate course of first-line antidepressant treatment, nearly 50% of those who suffer from major depression will experience no response or only a partial response to medication.
For more on the research please check out these studies:
Q: If you have an ECT procedure are you more likely to need it again?
NIMH: Typically ECT is given 3 times per week for a series of 2-4 weeks in the acute course. After a person achieves remission from their depression, it is important for them to go on a maintenance therapy to prevent relapse. Maintenance can be done using a combination of medications, and in some cases ECT can be continued on a maintenance schedule in combination with medication to help prevent relapse.
Q: Have there been any longitudinal studies targeting cognitive effects of ECT?
NIMH: The effects of ECT on cognition have been carefully studied, including follow up assessments up to 6 months after the treatment course was completed. For example, studies have found that the degree of memory loss was much less when the person receivedright unilateral ECT than bilateral ECT. Also, studies have found that the degree of memory loss for autobiographical memories (which are memories for your own life events) was less than memory loss for events of an impersonal nature. To learn more, see for example: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=lisanby+maddox
Q: I had ECT in 2007 and after three treatments combined with Venlafaxine, it sent me into a mania (my first and only) with psychotic tendencies. I have never ever been so suicidal as I was after this. I'm glad I survived, I almost died from ECT. Since then I've been struggling with PTSD and cognitive impairment and I haven't been able to continue my studies and have been on disability since.
This experience put me on the search for other people with the same experience and I have now gathered around 200 people in support groups on Facebook, mostly people from Sweden and the United States but also from Great Britain and other places around the world. And the groups are constantly growing.
What do you want to say to us? And to our families? We whose lives have been shattered?
NIMH: Thank you for sharing your personal story and for joining this discussion. As with other antidepressant treatments, ECT has a risk of inducing mania. Unlike other antidepressants, however, ECT is also effective in treating mania. When mania occurs in response to ECT the typical approach is to stop the ECT and treat the mania with medications.
Q: What are the major barriers for patients trying to access ECT? Are there specific ways that NIMH supports research about understanding and overcoming the major barriers?
NIMH: Major barriers for patients accessing ECT include stigma, sensationalized and medically inaccurate portrayals in the media, and lack of information about treatment options and about the facts regarding the risks and benefits of ECT. These myths can result in people suffering in silence when help is available.
Q: How do you explain the lack of scientific research on damage from ECT, and the lack of demand to do this research when there is obviously a huge percentage of patients that get memory and cognitive damage from ECT?
I know a lot of psychiatrists claim that the damages people are describing come from their diagnose, but when a patient that has been diagnosed Bipolar for ten years, has photographic memory even from periods highly influenced by drugs, alcohol and depression or mania, ends up loosing all their memories from pre ECT, as well as ending up with no short term memory at all, and near dementia after a few ECT sessions, you can not dismiss the facts.
You can not dismiss the fact when autopsy of former ECT patients show scar tissue in the brain from micro hemorrhages and scar tissue on the heart from minor heart attacks that this has nothing to do with ECT, or is their diagnose as well?
NIMH: Research shows that ECT does not cause measurable brain damage. Major depression itself is associated with impairments in memory and changes in structure and function of key regions of the brain. The extent of injury due to depression is more marked with the duration of depression, the amount of time the depression is untreated, and the number of prior episodes of depression. For more on this research, check out these studies:
Studies have directly measured the effects of modern forms of ECT on brain structure and have found no evidence of brain damage. For more on this research, check out these studies:
Studies have also demonstrated that ECT reverses some of the detrimental effects that depression has on the brain, by boosting neurotropic factors (chemical signals that promote the healthy functioning and plasticity of neurons) and increasing neurogenesis (the birth of new neurons in the brain). For more on this research, check out these studies:
Q: Dear Dr. Lisanby, have you had any experience with ECT on patients with mania? Could you share same thoughts on that topic. Also, is the effect of ECT on bipolar depression comparable to the one on major depression? Thank you.
NIMH: Research supports that ECT has acute beneficial effects on treating mania in patients with bipolar disorder. This is especially useful when mania does not respond adequately to medications. Severe mania can put a person at significant risk and there is often a need for rapid improvement. ECT can be helpful when other pharmacological approaches have not been effective, or have not worked rapidly enough.
Q: I'm planning on entering a DBT group soon and starting ECT treatment in April. Will ECT have a negative effect on the DBT skills I'm learning? Such as a possible conflict with memory problems?
NIMH: ECT can affect learning and memory during the acute course of treatment, when a person is receiving 3 ECT treatments per week. During the acute course of ECT, we do see anterograde amnesia, which is the loss of ability to lay down new memories. Thiscould affect a persons ability to benefit from a newly started therapy. We typically advise people to wait until after the acute course of treatment is completed before starting a new therapy. Anterograde amnesia typically recovers soon after the ECT course is completed.
Q: I know someone that has to have ECT every four to six weeks in order to maintain stability from depression. Is there any others that have to have this many treatments and this often? He has been doing this for five years and we are worried about long term use for him. What are the side effects and can this be a continuous therapeutic treatment for him. He is only 31.
NIMH: Maintenance ECT can be highly effective in sustaining remission after a person completes an acute course of ECT. Maintenance treatments usually start 2/week, then 1/week, and then every other week, and ultimately once a month. Some patients continue to have monthly ECT maintenance sessions for a period of months to years. When ECT is given at this frequency, the side effects are less than during an acute course. We conducted a study of a woman who received a total of 91 ECT treatments in her lifetime, and her brain showed no evidence of damage. For more information, see: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17548979
Q: Does insurance pay for this treatment and if so where can we go for treatment in New Jersey? Thank you this is for a family member with deep depression and medicine has not helped.
NIMH: Most major insurers cover ECT. For example, Medicare and Medicaid typically cover ECT. The International Society for ECT and Neuromodulation has a "Find a Provider" link. See: https://www.isen-ect.org/resources-for-patients
Q: Also, I'm curious about the actual "strength" of the electrical shock (voltage, I guess?). Is there a kind of measurement used to determine how much of a shock will induce a therapeutic-length seizure?
NIMH: The amount of stimulation is individualized using a seizure threshold titration procedure. In the seizure threshold titration, stimulation trains of increasing numbers of pulses are given until a seizure is induced. In this way, the doctor can determine the threshold for inducing the seizure in each individual patient. Then, the treatment dosage in subsequent sessions is based on this threshold. Studies have shown that the dosage relative to seizure threshold is a powerful determinant of efficacy and side effects. For example, see: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19756236
Q: Or how do you explain that the number of seniors in the US getting ECT treatment explodes by 75% compared to people under senior age?
NIMH: Depression is a leading cause of disability across the age span, including in seniors. In addition, there is a peak in suicide rates in the later decades of life. Suicide risk is one of the major indications for using ECT. Medical evidence shows thatECT is highly effective in seniors. In some cases, older patients may experience treatment-interfering side effects from medications, which is another reason that ECT may be used in this age group. In fact, increased age is one of the predictors of good response to ECT.
Q: Does ECT affect your memory going forward?
NIMH: In the short term, ECT causes anterograde amnesia (loss of ability to form new memories) that typically resolves soon (days to weeks) after ECT is completed. ECT also has a risk of retrograde amnesia (loss of memories in the past). Retrograde amnesiacan persist for a variable amount of time after the treatment course is finished. The speed of recovery of retrograde memory depends on a number of factors. Recovery of retrograde memory is faster in the case of right unilateral ECT, and in the case of ultra-brief pulse ECT.
Q: Is ECT equally effective for BP1 and BP2?
NIMH: ECT has been found to be effective for depression in the context of both bipolar 1 and bipolar 2 disorders. In fact, some studies suggest that bipolar patients may respond faster to ECT than unipolar patients. See for example: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11333069
Q: I began experiencing signs of dementia following ECT in my early 20s. My doctors refused to believe me or provide any testing. I was eventually able to get testing 10 years later that confirmed brain damage. It was later determined that I was misdiagnosed and my depression symptoms were treatable. I suffered greatly during those 10 years because of this new hidden disability denial that anything was wrong. It is almost impossible to get rehabilitative help because everyone has been trained to believe that ECT doesn't do that. My question: why is before and after testing not provided or even recommended? Why does the APA spend more time trying to explain away people like me instead of help us?
NIMH: The American Psychiatric Association Task Force Recommendations for Treatment, Training, and Privileging on ECT recommends that orientation and memory function should be assessed prior to ECT and periodically throughout the ECT course (page 76,The Practice of Electroconvulsive Therapy: Recommendations for Treatment, Training, and Privileging (A Task Force Report of the American Psychiatric Association), Second Edition, 2001).
Q: How many people are subjected to electroshock without their willing and informed consent or over their objections?
NIMH: In the U.S., ECT is never administered without consent by either the patient or a surrogate decision-maker for incapacitated patients. The APA Task Force on ECT has clear recommendations for this consent process, which includes provision of adequate information to a competent patient and the absence of coercion. The quality of the interactions between patient and physician is emphasized, especially as consent for ECT is an ongoing process.
Q: There are many people who still react with horror when they hear anything about ECT. Would you please help to dispel some of the concerns that people have about the procedure itself? Also, it would be helpful if you could address the real benefits of ECT as many people focus on the negative.
NIMH: It can be difficult for people to access medically accurate information on the web, and differentiate it from misinformation or sensationalized portrayals in the media. Reliable resources to learn about the medical risks and benefits of ECT include the American Psychiatric Association fact sheet on ECT (http://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/ect) and also the American Psychiatric Association position statement on ECT (http://bit.ly/21vAMXd). Medical evidence supports that ECT is the most effective and fastest acting treatment currently available today for severe depression. ECT often works even when medications fail. It can be life-saving in severe situations such as suicidal ideation and catatonia.
Q: Please explain why every effort is made to prevent seizures in those afflicted with a seizure disorder as it is known to cause brain damage left untreated, however ECT is safe?
NIMH: In the case of epilepsy, seizures occur spontaneously and are caused by hyperexcitabile circuits in the brain that generate pathological activity that can over time cause damage. In the case of ECT, the seizures are triggered using electrical fields applied to the brain. A seizure triggered by an applied electrical field has different effects that seizures spontaneously occurring in epilepsy. There is no evidence to my knowledge that ECT induces epilepsy, or spontaneous seizures.
NIMH: FAQ's on ECT:
Q: How often does a patient receive ECT treatments?
NIMH: How often a patient receives ECT treatments should be based on a patient's individual needs and medicalsituation, and under a mental health professional's care. The number of treatments may vary for each patient, so please consult with your doctor. In the U.S., ECT treatments are usually administered three times weekly for approximately 6 to 12 treatments during the acute course, depending on the severity of the patient's symptoms and the rapidity of the response.
Q: How much does ECT cost?
NIMH: The cost of ECT may vary for each patient, but the APA has estimated the cost of ECT to be approximately $800 to $1,000 for each treatment in a series; this cost includes the professional fees of the psychiatrist and the anesthesiologist, as well as the cost of the use of the facility, equipment, and supplies.
Q: Can you continue taking medications while getting ECT treatments?
NIMH: Continuing to take medications while getting ECT treatments should be based on a patient's individual needs and medical situation, and under a mental health professional's care, so it is important that you consult with your doctor first. Some medications (e.g., lithium, theophylline, and medications with anticonvulsant action) can interact with ECT, and they should be tapered or discontinued under medical supervision before ECT is initiated. Clinical experience suggests that at least some antidepressant medications may be used safely during treatment, and such an approach may reduce the risk of a relapse of depression after treatment is completed.
Q: Are you awake and conscious during ECT?
NIMH: No. ECT is performed while the patient is asleep and unconscious, under general anesthesia; therefore, all patients must undergo a full evaluation by an anesthesiologist, including an assessment of the risk associated with anesthesia, before the start of ECT. Oxygen is given throughout the procedure, and vital signs are carefully monitored.
NIMH: Misconceptions about ECT
Myth: ECT is obsolete and rarely used nowadays.
Fact: ECT is widely used today and is essential for the management of severe and often treatment-refractory psychiatric disorders. Approximately 100,000 people in the U.S. and over 1,000,000 worldwide are treated annually.
Myth: ECT is done to get doctors rich.
Fact: Actually, insurance payments for ECT to psychiatrists are relatively low as compared with other psychiatric services. Hospitals often cannot meet the costs of providing ECT, especially under Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement. For these reasons and others, ECT is not available in some communities in the U.S.
For clinical research studies on ECT recruiting near you, please visit: http://1.usa.gov/1M6JFiU
Contact the Press Office
NIMHpress@nih.gov
Summaries of Scientific Meetings
Information about NIMH
RePORTER: Research Portfolio Online Reporting Tool Expenditures and Results
Recommendations for Reporting on Suicide
News from the Field
NIMH-Funded Science on EurekAlert
22% of young men, 5% of young women engage in 'disordered eating' to bulk up
Rules of brain architecture revealed in large study of neuron shape & electrophysiology
Parents of depressed teens in treatment may also benefit from counseling
More News From the Field...


HARRY REDKNAPP says Spurs are only a couple of players short of making a concerted bid to break up the league's Big Four.
Since taking charge in October, Redknapp has steered Spurs to a Carling Cup final. Victory at FA Cup finalists Everton today would put them in with a chance of seventh spot and a place in the Europa League.
Now he says the club are in an outstanding position to attract the one or two top-quality additions he needs this summer to take Spurs to the next level.
"At the start of this year when I was at Portsmouth, I thought Tottenham were the club that might push the top four this season," he said.
"Tottenham have the potential to do that. We got to the Carling Cup final and could finish seventh, so it hasn't been a disaster .
"But breaking into the top four is hard. But we have a good squad. I'm not looking to make major changes, just one or two new players.
"And if you can get one or two very, very, very good players who can just improve you that extra percentage, it can make a big difference.
"Tottenham have always been able to attract players. Sure, players want to play Champions League football if they can.


text:
Isolated Aural Erythromelalgia or Red Ear Syndrome
Anusha Tuli1; Ruchita Kachru, MD2; Donna Parker, MD2; Florentina Litra, MD3
1Barnard College, Columbia University, New York, New York
2Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
3Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Pensacola, Florida
STUDENT ARTICLE | PUBLISHED SPRING 2022 | Volume 42, Issue 2
An 18-year-old Indian female presented with a one-year history of intermittent redness, burning, and warmth of her ears. The episodes occurred approximately once or twice a day and lasted for about an hour. Only one ear was affected each time but either ear was affected randomly. The episodes did not have any inciting or relieving events, resolved spontaneously, and occurred at any time of the day. There were no associated headaches or migraine episodes, and only the ears were involved without involvement of hands or feet.
Past medical history was significant for attention deficit and her medications included atomoxetine 60 mg daily and oral birth control pills for irregular menses. Review of symptoms was negative for neurological or cardiac symptoms.
On examination, the patient was an alert and oriented, well-nourished female in no acute distress. Neurological examination was intact. Head and neck examination were normal other than patchy erythema of the right ear with mild edema and increased temperature in the area of erythema. The erythematous area was well demarcated with sharp borders (Figure 1). The other ear was completely normal with no erythema (Figure 2). During the visit, the erythema progressed to involve the entire ear (Figure 3) and then abruptly cleared up (Figure 4). There was no abnormality of the temporomandibular joint and no other autonomic abnormalities. Cardiac examination was within normal limits. Patient was diagnosed with Red Ear Syndrome (RES) and provided reassurance that symptoms would get less frequent in the future. The patient presented subsequently with another episode involving the left ear in a similar fashion (Figure 5).
Figure 1: Limited erythema of the left ear with sharp inferior margin
Figure 2: Uninvolved right ear
Figure 3: Progression of erythema to involve the entire ear
Figure 4: Resolution of erythema after one hour
Figure 5: Involvement of the right ear at a subsequent visit
RES is an uncommon disorder typically affecting children and young adults, characterized by intermittent, recurrent episodes of redness, burning and increased temperature of one ear associated with headaches or migraines. It was first described in 1994 and has a slight female preponderance. The episodes can migrate from the ear to the jaw, neck, and even to the occiput.1 The attacks are typically unilateral but may occur on either side, Bilateral attacks and attacks that extend to the face have also been described.2 The cause is unknown, but one theory is that it is a form of trigeminal autonomic disorder resulting in vasodilation.
There are two types of RES. Primary RES is common in those who have migraines as children, teens, and young adults. Secondary RES affects older individuals, especially women, and is commonly seen with temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMJD), upper spine problems, and headaches.
Common triggers that bring on a case of RES include touching or rubbing of the ear, heat or cold, stress, neck movements, exercise, hair brushing, showering, chewing, or grinding teeth.3 Both types of red ear syndrome have been associated with various conditions, including upper cervical pathology (arachnoiditis, facet joint spondylosis and cervical root traction), glossopharyngeal and trigeminal neuralgia, TMJD, and thalamic syndrome, primary headache disorders (including migraine), chronic paroxysmal hemicranias and hemicrania continua, and the short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache with conjunctival injection.4
Proposed mechanisms are "auriculo-autonomic cephalgia" and "cervico-autonomic reflex," both of which suggest that irritation of the C3 root or great auricular nerve or great occipital nerve lead to release of vasodilator peptides from afferent nerve terminals.2,5-7 Another suggested mechanism is that inhibition of sympathetic vasoconstriction more than activation of parasympathetic vasodilator fibers by the trigemial autonomic reflex is responsible for erythema as well as pain.8 Others have suggested that RES is part of the spectrum of trigeminal autonomic cephalgia, a term that encompass a variety of short-lasting primary headache syndromes associated with autonomic activation.6,9,10 There also may be a connection between the trigeminal nerve and facial parasympathetic outflow. Additionally, local damage to small nerve fibers and vessels has been considered as a possible explanation.2
Diagnostic criteria for RES have been proposed that require at least 20 attacks of ear pain accompanied by redness lasting up to four hours. They must occur more than once daily and must either be accompanied with a burning sensation or triggering by cutaneous or thermal stimulation.2
Erythromelalgia (EM) is a rare disorder characterized by intermittent episodes of redness, warmth, and intense burning pain, but typically affects the hands and feet. It has been suggested that RES associated involvement of hands and feet may be a form of erythromelalgia. It is a rare condition, with a prevalence of 0.36 to 2 per 100,000 patients and has also been classified into primary and secondary forms.11
Primary EM is caused by mutations in SCN9A. This gene encodes the Nav1.7 type sodium channel receptor, expressed in nociceptive neurons and normally amplifies the nociceptive pain signals. Mutations result in familial or sporadic forms of erythromelalgia through dysregulation of these neurons, with dilation of the small vessels. Primary EM may develop at any age.
Secondary EM is commonly associated with myeloproliferative disorders such as polycythemia vera and essential thrombocythemia. EM precedes the onset of the myeloproliferative disorder by 2.5 years in 85% of the cases.11 It can also rarely occur in association with paraneoplastic disorders, diabetes, autoimmune neuropathies, as well as rheumatological and infectious diseases. Secondary EM is seen mostly in adults over 40 years of age. The distal parts of the lower and upper extremities are most commonly involved (hands, feet, fingers and toes). Rarely, symptoms may occur in the face, ears and other parts of the body. The classic description is painful, red, warm hands and feet triggered by warming and downward limb position and relieved by cooling and elevation. The attacks may last minutes to days and typically occur late in the day or night. The quality of life can be greatly affected.
Diagnosis of EM is made based on the triad of recurrent erythema, burning pain and warmth of the affected body part. Family history of EM may support genetic testing, as family planning may be impacted given 50% probability of inheriting the gene mutation in offsprings. A complete blood count should be obtained to screen for myeloprolipherative disorders.
Treatment: While spontaneous remission of symptoms may occur, most cases of RES or EM are refractory to pharmacotherapy. Therapies proposed like cooling, topical capsaicin or anesthetics, medications, or surgical sympathectomy or greater auricular nerve block have had variable responses. The various medications that have been tried include non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sodium channel blockers, calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, prostaglandins, gabapentin, tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and imipramine, and methysergide.4
RES is an uncommon disorder typically seen in children and young adults that is usually benign. It may be associated with erythromelalgia, or the two conditions may represent a spectrum with different preferential locations. They are both characterized by dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system and nociceptive neurons by various mechanisms. These conditions do resolve spontaneously without intervention, however therapeutic modalities may be indicated if the condition interferes with daily activities or are very bothersome to the patient. Lifestyle modifications and avoidance of migraine triggers may be useful. Referrals to otolaryngology and neurology may be warranted to rule out secondary causes of RES or EM. Genetic testing may be considered in familial cases and sporadic cases of RES with EM in young adults should trigger a workup for myeloproliferative disorders. However, in most cases, reassurance is all that is needed as it is most often a benign condition.
Lambru G, Miller S, Matharu MS. The red ear syndrome. J Headache Pain. 2013;14:83.
Brackenrich J SS, Johnston C. Red Ear Syndrome: A Case Presentation and Discussion. HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine. 2020;1(3):155-159.
de Amorim IL, Kauppila LA, Martins IP. Red Ear: Syndrome or Symptom? Headache. 2018;58(6):885-891.
Chan CC, Ghosh S. Red ear syndrome precipitated by a dietary trigger: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2014;8:338.
Lance JW. The red ear syndrome. Neurology. 1996;47(3):617-620.
Goadsby PJ, Lipton RB. A review of paroxysmal hemicranias, SUNCT syndrome and other short-lasting headaches with autonomic feature, including new cases. Brain. 1997;120 ( Pt 1):193-209.
Moitri MO, Banglawala SM, Archibald J. Red ear syndrome: literature review and a pediatric case report. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;79(3):281-285.
Fox RH, Goldsmith R, Kidd DJ. Cutaneous vasomotor control in the human head, neck and upper chest. J Physiol. 1962;161(2):298-312.
Boulton P, Purdy RA, Bosch EP, Dodick DW. Primary and secondary red ear syndrome: implications for treatment. Cephalalgia. 2007;27(2):107-110.
Donnet A, Valade D. The red ear syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2004;75(7):1077.
N. Erythromelalgia. DermNet NZ. 2005.
Copyright 2022 Florida Chapter – American Academy of Pediatrics | 1400 Village Square Blvd, #3-87786, Tallahassee, FL 32312
:: PRIVACY POLICY ::

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
SportsBuffalo Bills
Buffalo Bills re-sign DT Jordan Phillips
Michael Reaves/Getty Images
MIAMI, FL - DECEMBER 02: Jordan Phillips #97 of the Buffalo Bills reacts against the Miami Dolphins during the first half at Hard Rock Stadium on December 2, 2018 in Miami, Florida. (Photo by Michael Reaves/Getty Images)
By: Joe Buscaglia
(WKBW) — Just a month into the 2018 season, the Buffalo Bills took a chance on a recently released player from a division rival by putting in an October waiver claim. What they received in return was a motivated and complementary contributor in defensive tackle Jordan Phillips to the defense taking steps forward as an overall unit.
On Tuesday, the Bills made sure they kept Phillips around for another season. The team officially announced that the defensive tackle re-signed with the team on a brand new one-year contract.
According to Ian Rapoport of NFL.com, the deal is worth a total of $4.5 million for the 2019 season. The 6-foot-6, 341-pound Phillips will turn 27 in the first month of the season.
The Bills initially acquired Phillips following his release from the Miami Dolphins in October of 2018. Phillips was a former second-round selection out of Oklahoma.
Joe B's Take
The move to bring back Jordan Phillips is a smart one every way you look at it for a Bills roster trying to fill plenty of holes in the offseason. Due to the retirement of Kyle Williams in the offseason, the Bills were without a player on the roster that filled the role of three-technique defensive tackle -- a critical component to head coach Sean McDermott's scheme.
Although Phillips has the size of a nose tackle or even a one-technique defensive tackle, he proved in 2018 that he could be a penetrating force from three-technique while serving as the primary backup to Williams. Now without Williams in the picture, Phillips may have a clear lane to start.
However, if nothing else, this move is about insurance for the Bills. That position along the defensive line is among the spots on the roster that I could see the Bills using one of their first two selections in the 2019 NFL Draft, which would give McDermott and defensive tackle Leslie Frazier the duo of Phillips with a rookie -- with an open competition to see who wins the job out of camp.
If the Bills didn't re-sign Phillips, it would put that much more pressure on the franchise to land one in unrestricted free agency or early in the draft. This move provides them a bit more flexibility as opposed to the rigidity of needing a potential starting option and entirely possibly even forcing it.
The move is also a smart one from a player-specific perspective, as well. There were rumblings before the Miami Dolphins released Phillips of a wavering work-ethic, which were also some criticisms he received heading into his draft year in 2015.
By giving the defensive tackle only a one-year contract, the Bills have bought themselves the automatic motivation of working toward the player's next payday. And with a price tag of just $4.5 million, the Bills also aren't committed to having Phillips be their starting player at that three-technique role.
It's a cost-effective, insurance-bearing deal that is as low risk as you'll find. If the Bills don't add a starting option at his position through the offseason, Phillips will start for the team at a modest salary.
Should Phillips have a big season with a substantial role, the Bills either have the option of trying to re-sign him to a much bigger contract, or they can let him walk and reap the benefits of him getting to the open market in the form of a compensatory selection in 2021.
If Phillips doesn't play well in a more enhanced role, it's only a one-year deal, and the Bills can walk away scot-free without anything more owed to the player. And if he doesn't wind up starting, they still have a proven rotational player to get anywhere from 20-to-35-percent of the snaps.
These types of contracts for this brand of player is a bit of a specialty for general manager Brandon Beane. As free agency opens while the Bills have as many holes as they do, it wouldn't be a shock for him to take some shots on 'prove-it' types of players that didn't exactly have the smoothest of stops in 2018.
After all, they took a chance on Phillips, and it worked. And now they have a piece in place in case the rest of the offseason falls flat at defensive tackle.
Twitter: @JoeBuscaglia


text:
An average day in 2015: 1 person dead, 82 people injured in crashes
In 2015, 411 people died on the road in Minnesota, and another 29,981 were injured, according to the 2015 Minnesota Motor Vehicle Crash Facts report.
That's a 13.9 percent increase from 2014, and the most deaths since 2010. In addition, more Minnesotans died in motorcycle accidents last year than since 2008.
In total there were 74,772 accidents reported.
Biggest cause of accidents
It depends on the type of accident.
For single car accidents the biggest contributing factor is illegal or unsafe speeds for drivers ages 15 to 64. Anyone older than that usually gets into trouble because of driver inattention or distraction.
When more than one car is involved, however, the numbers change. No surprise here, distracted driving is the number one contributing factor for the 15- to 64-year-old group. Older drivers are mostly crashing because of failure to yield to the right of way.
Also of note: 137 people died in alcohol-related crashes, compared to 111 in 2014.
The average day in 2015 saw 205 crashes, resulting in an average of one death and 82 injuries per day in the state.
The estimated economic cost to Minnesota was $285,118,600. That number is based on factors like wage and productivity loss, medical expenses, administrative expenses, vehicle damage and uninsured cost, among others figures.
Where we've improved
The state has come pretty far since we first started counting traffic deaths. In 1970 for example, there were 987 recorded fatalities and more than 99,000 accidents.
Minnesota's fatality rate, what officials call the VMT, is one of the lowest in the nation at 0.7. What that means is that for every 100 million miles that's driven (an accumulation of all cars throughout all of Minnesota), there are 0.7 deaths. Plus a June study reported Minnesotans have a 94 percent seat belt use rate.
You can compare the 2015 report to other yearly reports here.
reportlocal newsNewstrafficLocal Newstransportation
4 people dead in trio of holiday weekend crashes
Princeton man killed in crash is first motorcycle death of 2015
1 dead, 1 injured in series of recent snowmobile crashes
Vehicles crash into buildings in Duluth, Becker; 4 people sent to the hospital
Father charged in St. Paul crash that seriously injured his children
Cass County crash leaves 2 people dead, another seriously injured
Police searching for man who crashed car, left injured children behind
Motorcycle crash fatalities down 29 percent from this time last year


His Holiness Pope Francis will mark his fourth anniversary of his election, on Monday, March 13, 2017.
The anniversary has attracted special greetings from the United States.
Born as Jorge Mario Bergoglio on Dec. 17, 1936, Pope Francis is the 266th Pope of the Roman Catholic Church, a title he holds ex officio as Bishop of Rome, and sovereign of Vatican City.
He chose Francis as his papal name in honour of Saint Francis of Assisi, the first Jesuit Pope from the Americas, the Southern Hemisphere and outside Europe since the Syrian Gregory III, who reigned in the eighth century.
Following the resignation of Pope Benedict XVI on Feb. 28, 2013, a papal conclave elected Bergoglio as his successor on March 13.
Throughout his public life, Pope Francis has been noted for his humility, emphasis on God's mercy, concern for the poor, populist causes and commitment to interfaith dialogue.
He is credited with having a less formal approach to the papacy than his predecessors, for instance choosing to reside in the Domus Sanctae Marthae guesthouse rather than in the papal apartments of the Apostolic Palace used by his predecessors.
He maintains that the church should be more open and welcoming.
He does not support unbridled capitalism, Marxism, or Marxist versions of liberation theology.
Pope Francis maintains the traditional views of the church regarding abortion, euthanasia, contraception, homosexuality, ordination of women, and priestly celibacy.
He opposes consumerism, irresponsible development, and supports taking action on climate change, a focus of his papacy with the promulgation of 'Laudato si'.
In international diplomacy, he helped to restore full diplomatic relations between the U.S. and Cuba.
The U.S. Secretary of State, Rex Tillerson, in a congratulatory message, commended the cordial relationship between the U.S. and the Holy City to ensure a better world for humanity.
"On behalf of President Donald Trump and the people of the United States, I offer my congratulations to His Holiness Pope Francis on the fourth anniversary of his election as Bishop of Rome and leader of the Catholic Church.
"The United States and the Holy See have worked together for decades to face global challenges such as trafficking in persons, food insecurity, epidemics, and the exploitation of religion as a tool to incite hatred and divide nations.
"Together we have built vital partnerships and cooperated to advance peace, liberty, and human dignity around the world.


Oh I agree with you completely. I did not mean to suggest that Evernote should go out and buy FiftyThree/Paper. I (and I think the OP) were just suggesting that Evernote (especially now having bought Penultimate) should look very closely at Paper as a benchmark because there are a lot of people who find its tool feel and UI to be transformative for non-writing tasks. I have full confidence that the Evernote and Penultimate guys could come up with something amazing in this regard, and I hope they do. i was excited that Evernote bought Penultimate for this reason exactly. i use FiftyThree/Paper as well (for my sketching purposes - penultimate for notes) and love the feel of that app. i also love the different covers to the notebooks, as i find it hard to search through the several brown covered penultimate ones. i'm hoping Evernote can take this app to the next level.
How about pens? I have been watching these guys for the past few weeks (http://handstylus.com/) and so far compared to what I have seen on the market, they offer the most realistic stylus writing experience yet... however, I am excited to see user reviews. I would really love to take notes in class on my ipad, but going against ye ol' pen and paper feel the cons still outweigh the pros. *Grumpy- Of those you have tried... which has been best for practicing/writing kanji? i have tried a couple styli and have had pretty good results. i started with the Wacom Bamboo stylus. this one was not bad, but shares the same problem that most styli do... they use a fat rubber nib on the writing end, which makes it hard to see where exactly you are writing. i also noticed that the nib started to crack open after only about 2 months of use (they sell extra replacement nibs) i recently purchased the Adonit Jot Pro and absolutely love it! it is one of those that uses a clear disk on the end of the pen to simulate a finger press, yet allows you to see exactly where your pen is writing. a couple of drawbacks are that this type of stylus is much more fragile at the tip, and it makes an audible clicking noise as you write on the ipad, but other than that i have loved using this stylus!


You are at:Home»NOrdinary»How do you say 'I Love You?' in Europanto?
Europe has a new common language, Europanto, made by mixing all European languages. Is it just a game, or can it be the future?
Kaputt. Acquis. Siesta. Spaghetti. These are just some examples of words that, even if enshrined in some specific European language, have become fairly universal and understandable by all. So what happens when the same principle is applied to a whole language?
This is the question behind the most sensational language you will probably ever hear: Europanto. Invented in 1996 by Diego Marani, writer, interpreter and linguist, who at the time was working as a translator at the Council of the European Union, Europanto is built by mixing words coming from different European languages. The name itself is a neologism, deriving from the prefix Euro- and the greek panta, meaning "all".
But how does it work? It is pretty easy: to speakare europanto, tu basta mixare alles wat tu know in extranges linguas.
It doesn't have to be studied, since there are no fixed grammar rules; it is based on a platform of basic English to which are added words from all European languages, in different combinations and with a good share of fantasy and improvisation. The words are selected among "those international words that every average-educated person understands", as Marani explained. Therefore, everyone can start speaking Europanto.
It will be more Latinish if an Italian speaks it and more Germanic if it is a German. But, in the end, its extreme flexibility makes it easy for everyone: No est englado, non est espano, no est franzo, no est keine known lingua aber du understande.
There are no mistakes; the only important thing is to communicate.
Far from being a serious language, Marani conceived Europanto as a joke, a geeky game to pass the long hours of boredom at the office: "In our job, we use many different languages. So I thought: let's see what happens in mixing them up. And I started playing, inventing horoscopes and recipes for my colleagues". But from the translators' desks Europanto began circulating: Marani, whose biggest hobby has always been writing, was offered to write a weekly column on the Belgian newspaper Le Soir Illustré, Der Europanto Brikopolitiek. After that, it was the turn of Swiss Le Temps to host Europanto on his pages. A Belgian student even created a website about the strange language and enthusiastic letters were sent to Mr Marani from epigones around the world.
Its inventor enjoyed using Europanto for more and more ambitious texts, such as prayers – Vader Nostro -, la Marseillaise – (Die linguas citoyens!/ wir zal todas mixar!/ Europantons, europantons/ eine impura lingua confonde l'anglofon!) and even a full novel, Las Adventures des Inspector Cabillot.
The main reason for this success is that Europanto strikes a chord: notwithstanding its creator's insistence that it is nothing more than an ironic game, his invention has often been thought of as a provocation against the overwhelming dominance of English.
"When a French and an Italian meet, they speak to each other in a weak English, a language that does not communicate anything", argues Marani. "Europanto frees us from this poor English, in which non-native speakers will always be disadvantaged, and allows us to simply build our own language, the one that we feel is better for us to communicate, without fear of making mistakes. The result is a conversation which is more nuanced and livelier".
In other words, Europanto is essentially an experiment, trying to define a common language at the European level- more natural than its older and more cerebral cousin Esperanto. It is, in Marani's words, "an antidote against linguistic integralism", focused entirely on communication, not on form and grammar. As such, it perfectly mimics the undergoing natural processes when two individuals speaking different languages try to communicate. Those processes are already evident in English itself, in some international settings: "The kind of English spoken at the EU level is something new and specific, so much that, when British people participate at meetings, usually they find it very hard to understand what is being said".
That's why, even if having a universal language will always be utopia, Europanto is not to be considered a totally artificial language either – it is the amplification of something real, and on full course, in our increasingly multicultural and multidimensional Europe. So, we better get used to it.
Inspector Cabillot shows us the way: "How do you say 'I Love You' in Europanto? A. Ich turbo toi; B. Ich amorante van toi; C. Me palpito por toi".


text:
Kareem Abdul-Jabbar Dunks on LeBron James For 'Stupid, Childish' Victory Dance
"GOATS don't dance."
Maxim Video
NBA legend Kareem Abdul-Jabbar is definitely not a fan of the celebratory "Big Balls" dance performed by LeBron James when the Lakers recently beat the Pacers.
It was one of James' last games before he was put into the NBA's health and safety protocols because of a positive coronavirus test. James later had subsequent negative tests that allowed him to return to the Lakers.
After James hit a clutch shot against the Pacers, he imitated Sam Cassell's famous "Big Balls" dance, which the NBA has been fining players for since 2010. James' dance was ripped by former Laker Abdul-Jabbar, who said an NBA superstar like James shouldn't be doing those kinds of celebrations.
"For me, winning is enough. Why do you need to do a stupid, childish dance and disrespect the other team on the court? It doesn't make sense. GOATs don't dance," the Basketball Hall of Famer said in a SubStack commentary video last week, per Fox News.
James earned a $15,000 fine for his controversial celebration. The Lakers star did the dance during the same game in which he had two heckling Pacers fans ejected, causing "LeSnitch" to trend on Twitter.
Updated Western Conference Odds
Golden State Warriors +275
Phoenix Suns +400
Utah Jazz +450
Los Angeles Clippers +900
Denver Nuggets +1100
Dallas Mavericks +1500
Memphis Grizzlies +2200
Portland Trail Blazers +3300 pic.twitter.com/petPvA3gxw
— MaximBet (@MaximBetUSA) December 6, 2021
The Lakers are currently 12-12 and No. 6 in the Western Conference, just ahead of the Dallas Mavericks, Denver Nuggets, Minnesota Timberwolves and Portland Trail Blazers.
Tags: indiana pacers Kareem Abdul Jabbar LeBron James Los Angeles Lakers nba sports video


text:
Q: How do I include a statically linked library in my Eclipse C++ project? I have an open-source library that's distributed in source form. After I run the Makefile, I end up with a .h file and a .a file that I then want to include in a project that I'm working on. I'm familiar with how I can add these by editing a Makefile manually or by invoking the compiler from the command line, but I'm not sure how I can add these to my Eclipse C++ project, created using the CDT.
I'm currently using Eclipse Indigo. I found some instructions for older versions of Eclipse, but the menus aren't what are described. I poked around a bit, and didn't see anything familiar.

A: right click on the project name in the project explorer with the project being opened, select project properties. Then select C/C++ General -> Paths and Symbols -> includes -> GNU C++ and add the path to your header file. You should do the same for you library under : C/C++ General -> Paths and Symbols -> Libraries -> Add , and add your library file path.

A: How do I add an external library to my C++ project?
Go to Your Project's Properties by right clicking on project's name and selecting properties. Click on "C/C++ Build". Under Settings->Tool Settings Tab, click on GCC C Linker / Libraries. Then add a library and a search path.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


and help minimizing existing wrinkles while preventing new wrinkle formation.
parabens, no alcohol, and no animal testing.
Put the pump which is wrapped together and lock it firmly.
on face except for eyes. and make to absorb them.


Peach Place approved - but what about older people?
Controversial plans for the Peach Place redevelopment in Wokingham were approved last night, but opposition councillors said there has been little consideration for elderly people in the plan.
Lib Dem leader Councillor Prue Bray described the approved plan as "less bad" than the previous one.
But she was concerned that no solution has been found to the fact that the Keep Mobile bus will no longer be able to drop elderly people at the Bradbury Centre and patients for doctor's surgery in Peach Street will now have to park at least 250 metres away with the loss of the Rose Street car park.
CGI image of Wokingham Borough Council's proposal for Peach Place Plaza looking from Bush Walk looking north towards Marks & Spencer.
However Cllr Philip Mirfin, executive member for regeneration and communities, said after the planning meeting on Wednesday, March 4: "This is another important step in the regeneration of Wokingham town centre. Once built, the new buildings along Peach Street will be a huge improvement on the tired 1960s buildings they will replace. There will be a variety of rooflines to reflect the existing buildings in the town, which is what local people told us they wanted.
"We will be able to provide a better range of shops, and create a better balance between national and niche retail, so I'm delighted our plans have been approved.
During the past year, Wokingham Borough Council has been developing the retail and residential scheme following various public consultations.
At the meeting, councillors received a report outlining 75 objections and two petitions opposing the scheme.
When completed in 2018, Peach Place will have new shops with flats above.
The 1960s Peach Street buildings between Costa Coffee and the Redan pub will be replaced although the pub will be retained along with Haka and Marks & Spencer. Four new houses will also be built in Rose Street. Work on site is scheduled to start in late 2016.
Plans also include a new pedestrianised public square intended to unlock the town centre's full potential.
The design aims to provide a quiet area away from cars surrounded by shops, cafes, planting and seating.
It is expected to bring people back into the town to support retailers with an opportunity to extend the market and specialist events in support of Market Place.
The council will be working with local people on the next steps of designs such as shop frontages, public art and landscaping.
They will also be asked to help create a name for the new public square and the development, which will replace the working title of Peach Place.
Latest news on regeneration projects will be on the new website: www.regenerationcompany.co.uk.
A consultation on the Carnival Pool leisure hub proposals runs until Friday, March 6. Details of these plans, including the online survey, are available to view at the Wokingham Regeneration website.
Once the consultation closes, the council will consider all comments before submitting a planning application for the car park, and outline leisure facilities in the spring. Further detailed designs for the leisure parts of the scheme will be developed and consulted upon at a later date.
It is hoped the planning application would be considered in the summer, with construction starting in 2016, subject to approval.
The Council has come under fire over the rising cost of the town centre regeneration and produced this explanation this week: "There has been some speculation recently about the cost of Wokingham Town Centre regeneration plans.
"In the council's Medium Term Financial Plan – a key budget document – it shows an increase in costs between 2014/15 and 2015/16. The bulk of this additional money is for Carnival Pool leisure hub proposals which were not included last year.
"At the time of last year's budget, we were only at the planning stage for the leisure hub proposals. Therefore the extent, layout or type of uses required or possible were unknown to us. However, we did know we would need a multi-storey car park and, as such, costs for this were included at that time.


text:
ABOUT GIB
History of GIB
GIB Shareholders
Organisation & Corporate Governance Chart
AML Statement
Wolfsberg Questionaire
USA PATRIOT Act Certification
Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)
Shariah Governance
GIB Saudi Arabia
About Meem
Visit Meem
Relationship Management & Coverage
Project & Structured Finance
Syndication & Agency Services
Shariah Compliant Products
Account Opening Agreement
UK Mortgage Lending
LOGIN TO GIB eBANKING
Risk Mitigation & Treasury Hedging Solutions
About GIB Capital
Visit GIB Capital
GIB's Base Rate
Treasury Locations
GIB Bahrain
GIB KSA
GIB UAE
GIB NY
GIB (UK) Ltd London
About GIB UK
Financial Adverts
Risk Management and Capital Adequacy
Composition of Capital
Abu Dhabi Branch
Executive Surveys & Presentations
GTB eBanking
GIB Capital Tadawul
Gulf International Bank completes conversion of its Saudi branches into a local Saudi Bank
- Gulf International Bank Saudi Arabia receives final regulatory approvals for establishment
- Marks key milestone in regional expansion strategy and strengthening of its presence in the Saudi market
21 April 2019: Gulf International Bank (GIB) today announced that it has successfully completed the conversion of its existing branches in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia into a locally incorporated bank. This is the first time that a foreign bank in Saudi Arabia has become locally incorporated.
Having received approval for the move from the Saudi Council of Ministers in May 2017, the Bank will now operate as Gulf International Bank Saudi Arabia (GIB Saudi Arabia), a fully-fledged local bank offering comprehensive banking and financial services across the Kingdom.
GIB Saudi Arabia is owned equally by the Saudi Public Investment Fund (PIF) and GIB with a paid-up capital of SR7.5 billion and a strategy to further strengthen and build the Bank's presence and levels of service in the important Saudi market.
With the conversion complete, GIB Saudi Arabia is now regulated by the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority (SAMA) and headquartered in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, the first bank in the Kingdom to be based in the region, with branches in Riyadh and Jeddah.
GIB has been operating in Saudi Arabia for nearly twenty years and in 2015 launched 'meem' the world's first Shariah compliant digital bank, providing the market with innovative and comprehensive products for retail customers.
Chairman of GIB Saudi Arabia, Abdulla bin Mohammed Al Zamil, said:
"I would like to take this opportunity to express our gratitude to the Public Investment Fund, the Ministry of Finance and the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority for their ongoing support for GIB. PIF's contribution and its continued partnership will enable the Bank to further accelerate the growth of our operations and customer base in the Kingdom as well as in other GCC countries and enable us to bolster our contributions to the realisation of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 through increased support for the private sector and job creation.
"The establishment of GIB Saudi Arabia is an important milestone in the implementation of the Bank's strategy, which remains focused on the expansion of its service offering and position as a leading digital bank and is expected to contribute positively to enhanced performance and profitability. I'd like to conclude by welcoming our new Board and look forward to the next chapter of growth for GIB in Saudi Arabia and across the region."
The first board of GIB Saudi Arabia are:
o Chairman - Abdulla bin Mohammed Al Zamil
o Vice Chairman - Dr. Abdullah Bin Hasan Alabdulqader
o Executive Director and CEO - Abdulaziz bin Abdulrahman Al-Helaissi
o Non-Executive Directors - Dr. Najem Bin Abdullah Alzaid, Rajeev Kakar, Bandar bin Abdul Rahman bin Mogren, Sultan bin Abdulmalik Al-Sheikh, Anju Patwardhan, Riyad bin Mustafa Al-Dughaither and Muhannad Bin Qusai Al Azzawi
CUSTOMER COMPLAINTS & FEEDBACK
We use cookies to enhance your experience. By continuing to visit this site you agree to our use of cookies. More info


text:
'Avatar 2' Tops $2.1B WW; 'Pathaan' Breaks Records For Bollywood; Chinese New Year Success Makes Hope Spring – International Box Office
Tim Burton's Live-Action 'Dumbo' Adds 'Game Of Thrones' Actor DeObia Oparei
By Dino-Ray Ramos
Dino-Ray Ramos
Associate Editor/Reporter
@DinoRay
More Stories By Dino-Ray
NBCUniversal & Geena Davis Institute Expand 'Spellcheck For Bias' Partnership To Address Black And AAPI Representation – Update
New Hollywood Podcast: Wunmi Mosaku Talks The Twists And Turns Of 'Loki' And Her Hollywood Journey
New Hollywood Podcast: 'Zola' Director Janicza Bravo Talks Adapting One Of The Wildest Viral Social Media Moments In History
EXCLUSIVE: The cast of Tim Burton's Dumbo is starting to take shape as Game of Thrones alum DeObia Oparei has signed on to play a character named Rongo in the live-action adaptation of Disney's 1941 animated classic.
Details about Oparei's character are being kept under wraps, but he will join previously announced cast members Eva Green, Danny DeVito, and Michael Keaton. Colin Farrell will star Holt, the father of two kids played by newcomers Nico Parker and Finley Hobbins. Roshan Seth, Sharon Rooney, and Douglas Reith have also joined the cast in undisclosed roles. It was recently announced at D23 that Burton's Dumbo will be released on March 29, 2019.
The story follows the aforementioned Holt, a former circus star who finds his life turned upside down when he returns from the war. Circus owner Max Medici (DeVito) enlists him to care for a newborn elephant whose oversized ears make him a laughingstock in an already struggling circus. But when Holt's children discover that Dumbo can fly, persuasive entrepreneur V.A. Vandevere (Keaton) and an aerial artist named Colette Marchant (Green) swoop in to make the peculiar pachyderm a star.
Colin Farrell In Negotiations For 'Dumbo' At Disney
Ehren Kruger wrote the screenplay and will produce alongside Derek Frey (Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children, Frankenweenie), Katterli Frauenfelder (Miss Peregrine's Home for Peculiar Children, Big Eyes) and Justin Springer (Tron: Legacy). Disney's original version focused on a big-eared, lovable young circus elephant who is mocked for his large ears but learns to use them as wings to fly.
Oparei is best known for his role as Areo Hotah, captain of the Dornish guard, in Seasons 5 and 6 of HBO's Game of Thrones. DeObia also starred in Independence Day: Resurgence and has appeared in Netflix's Santa Clarita Diet and NBC's Emerald City. His other credits include Dredd, Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides, Your Highness, Doom, Moulin Rouge and Alien 3.
He is repped by Authentic Talent Management, Scott Marshall Partners in the UK, and N. Hayes Robbins of Stone, Genow, Smelkinson, Binder & Christopher, LLP.
DeObia Oparei
10 Andy Cohen Teases 'The Real Housewives Of New York City' Reboot: "It's Going To Be A Different Show"
Latest Film News
Stephen King's 'The Boogeyman' Comes Out Of Its Closet With First Trailer And Poster
'Fear', 'Infinity Pool', 'Skinamarink' Scare Up Cash In Indie Horror Bonanza - Specialty Box Office
Pamela Anderson Names One Person She Says Treated Her With "Complete And Utter Respect"


text:
Q: Determine if it is possible to fit 2 circles in a rectangle I have the following problem:

Given a Rectangle with $L$ length and $W$ width and $2$ circles with $r_1$ and $r_2$ radius, determine if it's possible to fit these two circles inside the rectangle.

I realized that:

If $2r_1 > L$ or $2r_1 > W$ or $2r_2 > L$ or $2r_2 > W,$ then it is not possible to fit the circles in the rectangle. Thus if $2 r_1 + 2r_2 \leq L$ and $2r_1 + 2r_2 \leq W,$ they can fit vertically or horizontally.

My doubt is to check if they can fit diagonally? How do I get it ?

A: Here is my thought process here:
It's true that the best way to proceed will always be to stick one circle 'in one corner' of the rectangle and to try to fit the other circle 'in the opposite corner.' I take this for granted. It is very easy to understand where the center of a circle will go when the circle is 'tucked in a corner,' as both sides of the rectangle will be tangent to the circles. For example, if the rectangle is at coordinates $(0,0), (0,h), (l,0),$ and $(l,h)$, and a circle of radius $r_1$ is in the bottom-left corner, then the coordinates of its center will be $(r_1, r_1)$. If another circle, this one of radius $r_2$, is tucked in the top-right corner, the coordinates of it's center will be at $(l-r_2, h-r_2)$.
So one has to check two things: one has to make sure that both circles fit in the rectangle itself (without worrying about overlap), and then one has to make sure that the distance between the centers is greater than the sum of the radii.
So $2r_1, 2r_2 \leq l,h$ and $d[(r_1,r_1), (l-r_2,h-r_2)] \geq r_1 + r_2$ should be necessary and sufficient, where I let $d(\cdot, \cdot)$ denote the distance function.

A: Can you see that your best configuration is with the two circles in opposite corners, and that the limit is with the circles tangent to one another? Draw that tangent configuration and see if you can find a use for Pythagoras ... then work out which way the inequality goes. You might want to set $R=r_1+r_2$, which looks as though it could simplify the algebra.


Her eight years at Lowood School and her conversations with Helen Burns taught her the importance of suppressing passion and lust with morality and a sense of duty.
about these properties: Cohesion and Adhesion, cohesion, also referred to as waters attraction to other water molecules, is one of the main properties of water. We must practice and promote activities and plans that help in conserving water and protecting its sources to meet the current and future demands of living beings. Water Polo Essay, class 7 (Middle School process Essay On Water Polo. To regulate the body temperature, stay energized, improve motivations and do away with fatigue, you must drink plenty of water. It is attracted to other polar molecules and ions. In short, you can decrease the probability of kidney stone formation. The general public on the other hand must use it wisely to ensure master thesis machine learning pdf that it is not wasted. If there is drought or scarcity of water, animals, plants, birds have to suffer a lot and most of them perish. Words: 970 Pages: 4 Paragraphs: 8 Sentences: 48 Read Time: 03:31 "If you get out of the pool without scratches and bruises.
However, unfortunately despite being aware about the importance of water in our lives, people around the world are leaving no stone unturned in wasting water and deteriorating its quality. Waters High-Specific Heat, water can moderate temperature owing to its high specific heat. In this race, Ameri Water Polo Essay Class 7 (Middle School) Have suggestions, comments or ideas? It accounts for around 70 of the water used around the world.
Whatever we eat in our daily lives comprise water. Water polo, therefore, has strong simil Water Polo Essay Class 9 (High School) The Water Polo Wars Essay Words: 991 Pages: 4 Paragraphs: 21 Sentences: 60 Read Time: 03:36 Water polo is brutally physical. Besides, quenching our thirst, this transparent chemical substance is used for several other purposes. However, several others, especially those that are a part of the developing countries, face water deficit. Around.4 of Earth is covered with water. Many areas around the world are facing water deficit and many more are likely to face this problem in the times to come. It improves the metabolic rate and helps to burn fat. Several industries make use of a good amount of water however they end up throwing their waste in water bodies without realizing that the deterioration of water will ultimately lead to their own loss. Ground water is also extracted by digging wells and tube wells. It is salty and cannot be used for the purpose of irrigation or any other agricultural use. Among the various diseases, kidney stones are common.


In just a couple short weeks on the 4th of July Kent and I will be celebrating 25 years of marriage.
I will turn 43 right before our anniversary so if you do the math you will quickly figure out that I had JUST turned 18 when we got married. On the 30th of this month we will be heading to Puerto Vallarta with both sets of our parents and our amazing friends to celebrate our anniversary and renew our vows. This is where you come in on the story. When we got married in 1987 writing your own vows was not the phenomenon that it is today (and frankly I was a little clueless on how to really plan a wedding) so we said the vows that were laid out in the little book our officiant used. Our wedding was at noon on the fourth of July and the whole wedding party wore white (If you think of Adam Sandler in the wedding singer you are probably kind of close). It was beautiful and I was thrilled.
I had no idea what the next 25 years would hold, but I knew one thing on that hot day in Moreno Valley, CA, I loved Kent with all my heart and I intended to be with him forever. Everything I knew at that point about marriage I had learned from my parents and grandparents and I had amazing examples. I can tell you though, watching someone else be married and being married are two completely different things. I had no way of fully knowing the amazing, powerful, difficult, glorious, challenging relationship that is marriage until after that day and I am still learning more all the time.
I have been thinking about them ever since we decided we wanted to take this trip and renew our vows standing on the beach. I have thought and thought and have written n o t h i n g.
My struggle is how exactly to put into words all that it means to me to be married to Kent? How do I sum up in feeble speech this spectacular, insane, beautiful ride that has been our life? What can I say to make him understand how I feel about him? It sounds so cheesy but I sometimes wonder if he really gets it.
Don't get me wrong, we have our oil and water moments. (Let me tell you, being married to me isn't easy for someone who likes order and organization.) I hate schedules, have messy zones, say yes to too much and live life by the seat of my pants (translation: I am fun to be around but I have a tendency to forget things). Kent is also ridiculously busy and spontaneous but as a general rule he is much more organized than I am (thank God). Part of our biggest issue is, as we like to say, neither of us makes a good secretary. But I will tell you this. There is no one I would rather spend time with or that I trust and admire more. Kent helps me be my best self.
Kent is the kind of man I want our daughter to marry. It is not because he is perfect. He is not. He knows he is not. It is because though he is the same person I married he has changed in ways I never would have imagined or even known were possible in 1987. Together we have grown through workshops, college, faith communities and just plain living to question what we believe to be true and look at how we come across to others and adjust and shift. I have watched him in the last 25 years become more loving, more accepting, more humble and more wise.
His support of me and my writing this blog blows my mind. He never asked to be part of what was happening here and honestly I didn't even know what was going to happen when I started Word of a Woman on a whim at the end of last year. But his grace under fire and his defense of me to friends who think I have lost my marbles give me strength to keep going when I feel like writing people off and hanging it up.
Over the years we have moved out of a church home in the dead of night, worked crappy jobs, moved hither and yon, had both our cars die on the same night, lost people we loved, watched our friends get divorced, dropped out of school, had health scares and hurt each other. But we have also made beautiful babies, finished college, drilled wells in El Salvador, lived in San Francisco and New York, driven cross country, danced, stayed up all night, been to Disney World, made love on a private balcony, given away more than one car, planted a church, written a song, made life long friends and grown together.
I know what you are thinking, "there you go, you just wrote the vows!" Not quite, but I think I have a good idea where to start now. Thanks for helping me figure it out. I'll tell you what my lovelies, when we get back from PV I will write another post about our little beach ceremony and share the finished vows with you. In the mean time. Live together and love each other deeply from the heart.


Using a compressed blanket insulation, DuraTech keeps the outer wall of the chimney cool while ensuring high flue gas temperatures for optimum draft performance.
Encased between dual walls of stainless steel, Thermal Tech blanket insulation is locked into position. This eliminates hot spots common with loose-fill type insulation. No sifting, settling, or dangerous voids.
That's right, Hart's Hearth now picks up the warranty where Duravent has failed to provide one, to you, the Do-It-Yourselfer! NO ONE ELSE on the Internet will provide a warranty for DuraTech Purchases made on the internet, only us here at Hart's Hearth Inc. will provide you a warranty. We provide the same Lifetime Warranty as DuraVent provides for professional installations except for coal burning applications. Read Hart's Hearth DuraTech Warranty. Have any questions about this warranty? Go to our Support Form and ask, we will return an answer within 72 hours.
Browse these categories under "Dura-Vent DuraTech Chimney System"


text:
Q: Show that (P(X), ⊂) is an ordered set It makes intuitive sense to me, but I am not sure how to prove it.
The exact wording of the exercise is:
Let X be a set, and let P(X) denote its power set. Show:

*

*(P(X), ⊂) is an ordered set.

*(P(X), ⊂) is a totally ordered set if and only if X = ∅ or X = {a}.

If I know how to do 1., I think I would be able to do 2. alone without help.

I would know what to do if it were (P(X), ⊆) but I am confused, because:
It is not reflexive since A ⊂ A  for all A ⊂ P(X) is not true because of A = A.
I am not sure if it is antisymmetric since the definitions I found would not work because of similar reasons as above.
I do know it is transitive, however.
So what type of ordered set would this be, and how would I prove it? I would appreciate the help.


text:
#pragma once

#include "Utility.h"
#include <vector>
#include <cstdint>

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(push)
#pragma warning(disable: 4251)
#endif

namespace Lupus {
    namespace Security {
        namespace Cryptography {
            class LUPUSCORE_API ICryptoTransform
            {
            public:

                virtual ~ICryptoTransform() = default;

                virtual std::vector<uint8_t> TransformFinalBlock(
                    const std::vector<uint8_t>& input,
                    size_t inputOffset,
                    size_t inputCount) = 0;
                virtual size_t TransformBlock(
                    const std::vector<uint8_t>& input,
                    size_t inputOffset,
                    size_t inputCount,
                    std::vector<uint8_t>& output,
                    size_t outputOffset) = 0;
            };
        }
    }
}

#ifdef _MSC_VER
#pragma warning(pop)
#endif

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


IceHUD is a highly configurable and customizable HUD addon in the spirit of DHUD, MetaHUD, and others designed to keep your focus in the center of the screen where your character is.
Alpha settings for in combat, target selected, etc.
Fully customizable bars and counters capable of tracking buff/debuff applications on any unit, spell/ability cooldowns, and the health/mana of any unit you specify. The custom health/mana bars will even work with crazy unit specifications like "focustargettargetfocustarget" if you want!
How do I turn off click-targeting and menus on the player bar? Type /icehud, expand the "Module Settings" section, click "Player Health," un-check "Allow click-targeting." Note that as of v1.3, there is now an option to allow click-targeting out of combat, but turn it off while in combat.
How do I hide the HUD or change its transparency based on combat, targeting, etc.? Type /icehud, check the "Transparency Settings" section. Nearly any combination of states should be available for tweaking.
Even if the rest of the HUD is transparent, the health percentages seem to show up. Why? Type /icehud, expand the "Module Settings" section, expand "Player Health," click "Text Settings," look for options about keeping the lower/upper text blocks alpha locked. If the text is alpha locked, it will not drop below 100%, otherwise it respects its bar's transparency setting. Player Health/Mana, Target Health/Mana, and pet bars should all have these options.
What's this thing at the top of the player's cast bar and threat bar? It's darker than the rest of the bar. (and may be colored red) That's the Cast Lag Indicator (or the aggro-pull warning for the Threat bar) that shows you when you can start casting a new spell and still be able to finish the current one (based on your lag to the server). You can disable this in the Player Cast Bar settings under the /icehud configuration screen.
Is there a bar that shows breath underwater and if so, how can I adjust it? Yes, this is called the MirrorBarHandler in the module settings portion of the /icehud configuration. It's called that because it mirrors casting bar behavior, displays more than just breathing (fatigue is one example), and that's what Blizzard calls it. It can be moved/adjusted/resized/etc. as with any other module.
There's a long green bar that sometimes shows up below everything else. What is it? That would be the TargetOfTarget module. That module is available for people who don't want the full ToT health/mana bars, but do want some sort of ToT representation on the screen. It's configurable through the /icehud module settings.
IceHUD needs a bar or counter for buff/debuff X! Good news: as of v1.5, you can create as many bars and counters for any buffs or debuffs you want! Type /icehud, select one of the custom module types in the drop-down at the top of the settings page, and press the Create button. This will create a custom module and automatically select it in the list. It is highly recommend that you rename the bar as soon as possible to avoid any confusion later.
How do I turn off the resting/combat/PvP/etc. icons on the player or target? Type /icehud, expand Module Settings, expand PlayerHealth (or TargetHealth for targets), click Icon Settings. You can control every aspect of the icons there including location, visibility, draw order, etc.
How do I turn off buffs/debuffs on the player's or target's bar? Type /icehud, expand Module Settings, expand PlayerInfo (or TargetInfo for targets), select Buff Settings or Debuff Settings, and un-check "show buffs" (or "show debuffs").
How do I turn off these big huge bars that pulse whenever one of my abilities procs? This isn't IceHUD - it's Blizzard's Spell Alerts they added in 4.0.1. Interface options => Combat => "Spell Alert Opacity" to turn them off or search for a mod to tweak their positioning/size/etc.
I don't like where some of the bars are placed. How do I put the health/mana on the left/right? Type /icehud, expand Module Settings, expand whatever module you want to move (e.g. PlayerHealth, PlayerMana), and adjust the "Side" and "Offset" settings. "Side" controls whether it's on the left or the right and "Offset" controls how far from center it is.
Which module displays Monk Chi power? Prior to v1.11.2, this module was called HarmonyPower. Harmony was the original name for Chi back when 5.0 was in beta, so I used Blizzard's name for it while I was developing for Cataclysm. IceHUD v1.11.2 changed this module to be called Chi.
How do I add commas/periods into big numbers like health? If you have DogTags enabled, you can open the Text Settings for the module in question and add SeparateDigits() around the tag you're trying to split up. To display Health/MaxHealth with commas, use: [(SeparateDigits(HP):HPColor "/" SeparateDigits(MaxHP):HPColor):Bracket]. To use periods instead of commas, use: [(SeparateDigits(HP, "."):HPColor "/" SeparateDigits(MaxHP, "."):HPColor):Bracket]. Use the /dog help menu to build your own similar tags for Mana, etc.
The countdown timers on buffs and debuffs completely obscure the icon. How do I disable or adjust the text? IceHUD is not responsible for this countdown text and cannot control it. The 6.0 patch added an option in the game client to display counts on top of cooldowns. Look at the Action Bars menu under the game's Interface options. You can turn the text on or off there. Mods like OmniCC or CooldownCount will generally give you the same feature but allow you to control when, where, and how the text shows up.
When I rotate some modules 90 degrees, such as the castbar, the bar appears to wiggle up and down as it fills or empties. How do I fix this? This is a side effect of the animation API that I'm co-opting to force a rotation without having to provide duplicates of every bar texture in the mod. Any bar moving sufficiently quickly and updating rapidly will cause this. IceHUD is intended to be a vertically-oriented mod, so the rotation feature is there for people who are willing to accept the side effects that come with it. My suggestion is to use one of the many horizontally-oriented bar mods out there if you're wanting horizontal bars. Quartz is a good castbar replacement that you can use and disable IceHUD's built-in castbar, for example.
How do I get rid of the bars that showed up beneath the player in the 7.0 patch? Blizzard added a "Personal Resource Display" feature in the 7.0 game client. You can disable it in the Game options -> Interface -> Names -> Personal Resource Display.
See here for a user-created guide to creating new IceHUD textures.
The all-caps thing is a problem with the text library IceHUD uses, LibDogTags. I'll get a fix submitted to it this evening.
Any way to fix this? It's not gamebreaking, but kind of annoying.
Yeah this has annoyed me too. Thanks for bringing it up. I'll see about getting a fix in.
edit: note that if you have IceHUD set to fade out when you lose target, you probably still have the tortollan targeted during this game. For a temporary workaround: clear your target and IceHUD will use the no-target-ooc alpha.
FYI this will be done in the next release. For shell games, specifically. I may try to figure out how to handle the other Tortollan games as well.
I found two minors 2 bugs.
- If you turn on and off configuration mode. All Stack Counter bar number will still lock on the screen... Even if that module is not enabled.
So if I cast "Agonia Instável" on the target the addon will pick "Agonia" too even if i didnt use it.
Thanks for the report. There's an "exact match" checkbox in the custom modules for exactly that reason. It should allow you to get around that problem.
I'm getting errors when i switch specs using spec profiles. Usually getting 5 errors and it won't stop until I reload with that spec loaded. So every time I want to switch specs I have to reload so the Bugsack doesn't keep going off. Here are the errors.
Sorry for long post of errors. Just wondering if anybody else is getting this error. I am on the most current version.
I am not having this problem when using spec profiles and switching around.
Could you maybe send me your SavedVariables\IceHUD.lua file to icehud@parnic.com to see if I can see it with your settings?
edit: or try temporarily disabling every mod except IceHUD and see if the problem happens then.
I sent you the savedvariables.lua file. I also tried to disable everything except Icehud and Bugsack.
I'm not having this problem on 1.11.2. It sounds to me like there's an error that the game isn't showing you which is causing the problem. Can you install something like BugSack and tell me what it says?
edit: I see you edited your response several pages down to say it was user error. Glad you found the issue.
Hi. I think the "Font Size" under PlayerInfo isn't working. The font size on the Debuff icon does not change at all. I can increase and decrease the size of the debuff icons, but the font size changes with it and fills it up completely. Is there a way to fix this or am I doing something wrong? The Stack Size works just fine.
See faq #16 on countdown timer numbers. This isn't IceHUD.
Thanks much! I totally missed it. If a mod can delete my post, please do, since it's listed in the FAQ.
With the new Balance Druid tier 1 talent "Nature's Balance", the out-of-combat "full" setting for astral power is no longer 0 but 50. When taking this talent, the mana bar is always shown as a result. Can you please add code to check for that talent being picked and if found, set the out-of-combat "full" to 50 instead of 0 so that the bar will hide properly?
I'll take a look at this. Thanks for the comment.
I've made a change that basically treats the bar as "full" if you are currently using astral power, have that talent chosen, and the bar is anywhere from 50-100% full. The Curse packager is having issues, so there's no alpha build for you to pull right now, but does that sound like the desired behavior for the bar?


Hot off the press—the "Places of Invention" companion book, edited by Arthur P. Molella and Anna Karvellas.
Without Eliot Coleman's innovations, the White House probably wouldn't be growing greens in December.
In a blog post on Gotham Center, Nikola Tesla biographer W. Bernard Carlson writes about Tesla's place of invention, Manhattan.
Faculty and students all over the country are transforming their learning spaces into Places of Invention. How do we know?
The latest step in the process of inventing an exhibition—"Try It," aka prototyping with our visitors.
In the 1800s, New England was the home to dozens of iconic inventors and hundreds of lesser-known, but highly skilled machinists and toolmakers.
If you have ever wondered why people refer to "Yankee ingenuity," read this.


Rebecca & Ashley are true childhood sweethearts after both attending Castle Rushen High School for five years before ever speaking a word to each other until 2005. When they first became friends they realised how much they had in common and in the summer of 2006 they began dating, fell in love and as they say the rest is history!
Not wanting to be apart after finishing high school, they made the decision to go to university together and it was the best decision that they ever made.
7 years after they first started dating Ashley proposed whilst on holiday in Egypt. He planned every detail so carefully and it was absolutely perfect. The whole thing was like something out of a fairy tale - Rebecca didn't have a clue what was about to happen and of course she didn't hesitate to say yes!
After 9 very happy years together Rebecca & Ashley said "I do" in July 2015 and it truly was the happiest day of their lives. They each married their best friend and soul mate and are looking forward to many more adventure filled years together!
Their wedding ceremony was held at St. Catherine's Church in Port Erin, which has a special meaning for the couple as it was the same church that Rebecca's parents' marriage ceremony was held at in 1987.
"We had never been to another wedding there before and were very conscious that we wanted our venue to be different and we loved the fact that we could choose our own caterers!
We had been to a few weddings at The Sefton and absolutely loved their food. Although we didn't want to hold our reception at that hotel it was fantastic that we could still use their chef for our wedding breakfast. We also loved the fact that there was outdoor space plus the room had lots of large windows which made the room very bright and airy. The lovely sea view was also a bonus!"
What was the inspiration for the theme of your day?
"I would describe our theme as classical romance. We changed the colour scheme so many times during the 2-year planning process so the theme evolved from our initial ideas, but all of the various aspects just came together beautifully in the end to create a very natural theme that was very us!"
Tell us about your wedding flowers!
"Our florist was fabulous and she did an amazing job in creating our flowers! I had described to her very vaguely what I envisaged and I very much gave her the freedom to create something unique for us based on the colours and types of flowers that I had in mind.
We absolutely loved what she created using roses, gypsophila and peonies in cream and pale pink with the added flash of fuchsia pink, along with various types of green foliage. I wanted the green foliage in order to tie in with the colour of the bridesmaids' dresses but overall I wanted a romantic, summery feel to the flowers, which was definitely achieved."
Tell us about any DIY or unique details that you created?
"Both of our mums are very creative and talented so we made the most of their talent by asking them to create our wedding stationery, which they did wonderfully while having lots of fun together!
My mum also made the fabulous wedding cake, while Ashley's mum created beautiful wedding signage and finishing touches.
I also handmade chocolate truffles for the wedding favours which were easy to make and went down a treat amongst the guests!"
What made you fall in love with your dress? Did you know straight away that it was 'The One'?
"I knew that my dress was 'The One' as soon as I caught a glimpse of it in the mirror when I was still half way through putting it on! I loved everything about it. I had tried quite a few dresses on by that point all of which were quite similar in style but this one really stood out for me, it was perfect.
Was it what you expected to buy?
I had quite an open mind when I went dress shopping. I didn't want to set my heart on a specific style only to discover that it didn't suit me or that I couldn't find what I was looking for. But in the back of my mind, I knew that I wanted something with lace and I also didn't want a strapless gown. Everyone agreed that the dress was very 'me' so yes; ultimately I suppose it was what I expected to buy even though I tried to be open-minded."
"We hadn't looked at many bridesmaids dresses before we found the dress that we all loved. I only had two bridesmaids so it wasn't difficult to find something that we all liked. I loved the pleated chiffon skirt and the ruched bodice. I knew that I wanted olive-green bridesmaids dresses and both of my bridesmaids suited the dresses beautifully."
What was the most romantic or emotional part of the day?
"I think the most emotional moment for both of us was the moment that I walked down the aisle. I hadn't prepared myself for that! Seeing everyone's faces as I walked down the aisle made me realise that all of our family and friends were all there together, in one place, to support us and share our special day with us. That really touched me! The speeches were also very emotional, although I had prepared myself for that!
The most romantic moment was probably when we were alone together in the wedding car, for the first time as husband and wife, with a glass of champagne of course!"
"I was so calm all morning whilst getting ready which was completely the opposite of how I expected to feel, but during the drive from my parents' house to the church, I began to feel really nervous about walking down the aisle. However, once I stepped into the porch of the church all of those nerves disappeared and I just felt so incredibly happy and excited."
What was your best wedding idea?
"Our best wedding idea was to have the day filmed. We now have a wonderful DVD to watch anytime we want to re-live our wedding day, it is so precious. There were so many details that I either hadn't noticed on the day or had forgotten about that were caught on camera by our videographer, which is so special. Our videographer was so unobtrusive and professional; I would highly recommend having your day recorded. It can be expensive but it will last forever and is worth every penny."
What's your top budget tip?
Always make sure you have a buffer and try to save more money that you think you will need as there is always something that you forget to budget for or something that you have under-budgeted for.
If you were doing it all again, what would you do differently?
"There are always going to be things about your day that don't quite go to plan or that don't quite turn out as you expected them to no matter how in control or organised you think you are. I think it's so important not to get hung up on the small details and to keep reminding yourself what the day is actually about. So although there was the odd thing that didn't quite go to plan I wouldn't change a thing or do anything differently if I was to do it all over again. For us, our wedding was perfect!"
Hair: (Bride) Brides Mum, (Bridesmaids) Port Hair Inn, (Flower girls) Kym Harrison.


text:
Битката при Плаценция () през януари 271 г. е между римската войска на император Аврелиан и алеманското племе ютунги близо до Плаценция (днес Пиаченца в Италия). Завършва с голяма победа на алеманите.

Римската войска се състои от 15 000 войници, от които 10 000 са легионери, a остатъкът са наемни войски и кавалерия; има 6000 (6047?) убити и около 4000 ранени. Алеманите имат около 10 000 войници и между 2000 и 3000 убити и ранени.

Източници
 Karlheinz Fuchs, Martin Kempa, Rainer Redies, Die Alamannen (Ausstellungskatalog). Theiss-Verlag, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8062-1535-9
 Dieter Geuenich, Geschichte der Alemannen. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-17-018227-7
 Watson, Alaric (1999). Aurelian and the Third Century. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-07248-4.

Битки на Римската империя
История на Пиаченца
Алемани

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Pablo Martín Buendía, llamado erróneamente por algunos historiadores como Pedro Martín Buendía o del Buendía, fue un aborigen grancanario cristianizado que participó como soldado en la conquista castellana de las islas canarias de La Palma y Tenerife a finales del siglo .

Buendía formó parte del grupo de aborígenes canarios que el capitán conquistador Alonso Fernández de Lugo enroló entre sus tropas para llevar a cabo las conquistas de La Palma, entre 1491 y 1492, y Tenerife en 1494-96.

Fue peón de la compañía de Pedro Maninidra bajo el mando del antiguo rey de Gáldar Fernando Guanarteme, destacando su participación en la batalla de la Laguna en noviembre de 1495. En ella mató al caudillo guanche Tinguaro — o al hermano de este el mencey Bencomo según Fray Alonso de Espinosa— mientras huía por la cuesta de la montaña de San Roque tras la derrota de los guanches. Según la tradición, Tinguaro se rinde ante Buendía con la siguiente frase:

La frase es traducida tradicionalmente como 'no mates al hidalgo, que es natural hermano de Bencomo, y se te rinde aquí como cautivo', pero Buendía no le entendió y acabó con él de un lanzazo. Para otros autores, esta frase fue dicha por el propio mencey Bencomo, quien también sucumbe en la batalla de la Laguna.

La muerte de Tinguaro facilitó a la postre la conquista de la isla, al ser uno de los principales líderes de la resistencia isleña.

Culminada la conquista de Tenerife, Buendía pasó a residir en la isla recibiendo tierras por parte del nuevo gobernador Lugo durante el repartimiento en varias partes de la isla, incluyendo unas cuevas que habían sido morada de los antiguos reyes de Icod y Tacoronte.

En 1514 eleva petición a la Corte junto a otros canarios para pedir una exención para no ser obligados por el Adelantado a participar en las entradas esclavistas a Berbería.

Véase también
 Conquista de las islas Canarias
 Batalla de Aguere

Referencias

Martín Buendía, Pablo
Martín Buendía, Pablo
Aborígenes canarios
Canario (aborigen de Gran Canaria)


After work today I took off with my camera to walk much of the Lewis & Clark trail along the Missouri River in Mandan, starting from the northwest trailhead. While I took a lot of photos of the changing leaves and meandering dirt path, some of which I may post later, I really had a goal of taking a photo of the old wooden pilings near the trailhead itself. Someone was about to begin a senior session down there, so I decided to walk a few miles first. I'm glad I did.
I returned to the truck right around sunset, with only the last bits of pink and purple remaining in the western sky. I got into position and eyeballed the shot, unsure whether I'd actually get an angle I liked. I did, as you can see, but I hadn't brought my camera down to the rocky shore with me in case I didn't like what I saw. I dashed back up before the light went away from me, returned for a quick setup and series of shots trying different things with fill flash and long exposures, then it was time to come home for some homemade chili.
Due to the amount of time spent walking, I had plenty of opportunity to select two songs for tonight's Sunset Song of the Day. The first one is "Standing Outside a Broken Phone Booth With Money In My Hand" by the Primitive Radio Gods (iTunes link) and the second is "Black Chow" by Big Spider's Back (iTunes link). Both have a good tempo suitable for walking back to your truck at the end of a nice, long hike. They also set the mood for a relaxing purple-and-blue end to the evening, down by the river as it laps against the rocks.
This entry was posted in Music, Photography, Sunset by Clint. Bookmark the permalink.


Message copy is located in the Consumer and the Services, as well as in the Producer.
Via this component, a message can be copied to another flow. This is a copy action, not a move action.
By default, we fill this out with the technical 'tag', followed by a serial number. Changing the name is optional. If a name is given, this Wiretap can be found in the JMX tree. This way a Wiretap can be turned on and off through JMX.
Automatically start the wiretap if set to true. If set to false, this wiretap will be skipped. The wiretap can be modified using JMX. The default value is true.
Target flow for this wiretap.