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THE ARMED SHIP BILL MEANT WAR
The Armed Ship Bill Meant War i. IWAS OPPOSED to the Armed Ship Dill. Under my oath as a Senator it was my duty to do everything legitimately within my power to defeat it, and I exercised my...
...Hence we, professing to be a neutral nation, are placing American guns and American gunners practically under the orders of the British Admiralty...
...Our government submitted to this sweeping order, destructive of our neutral rights, without protest...
...in other words, the act will be the beginning of war...
...try be kept out of war...
...ty FOR SOME unexplained reason six bills carrying an aggre-gate appropriation of more than $500,000,000 were so delayed by those having them, in charge that they were not even placed before the Senate for consideration or attempted to be passed at all...
...As early as the 31st day of last January, Germany had declared her determination to prosecute from and after February first relentless submarine warfare within the limits of her designated war zone...
...The time of calling an extra session of Congress is within the President's discretion, and the 65th Congress might have been convened immediately upon the expiration of the 64th, making a practically continuous session, and it should be noted that while a new Congress must necessarily be reorganized, the change in the personnel of the two branches of the 64th and 65th Congresses is relatively very small...
...The United States once in, will stay in to the end...
...It pleased the supporters of thi s bill to assume that it was only necessary to place guns on merchant ships in order to defend them successfully against submarine attack...
...It is criminal to lure from our harbors our merchant ships with passengers, crew and freight to imbark on a voyage fraught with such imminent peril, in the belief that they may resist attack...
...we are derided for hiding behind the British Navy...
...It is admitted that the submarine discharges its torpedo with deadly accuracy at a range of two to four miles...
...I AM AWARE that many good people contend tecause the President has thus far succeeded in keeping us out of war, he can be entrusted with the exercise of the war power more safely than Congress...
...Even those trained in military science looked for a terrific death grapple, that would make it the greatest and briefest war in the worlds history...
...He might do whatever it pleased him to do and there could be no check or halt upon him...
...To this Senator Walsh—next to Senator Hitchcock the most active advocate of the bill-replied : "The principle is exactly the same...
...President Wilson, however, even though American property and American rights were violated, very rightly, I believe, under the conditions, exercised his great influence to keep us out of war with Mexico...
...The people of Europe, we are told, were plunged suddenly and hopelessly into the awful maelstrom of war through the autocratic agencies of monarchy and secret diplomacy...
...And other Senators who championed this bill can be cited to the same effect...
...If the silent masses who found opportunity for expression at the November election, could today make themselves heard above this clamor for war, instigated and sustained by the money power and a subjugated press, they would with even a stronger voice, pray God that this coun...
...Q ENGLAND established the first war zone in violation of international law...
...The mere suggestion that food and other supplies would be withheld from both sides impartially, would compel all belligerents to observe the principle of the freedom of the seas...
...THERE ARE TIMES WHEN IT IS THE HIGHEST NATIONAL DUTY TO SUBMIT FOR GOOD REASONS TO THE SACRIFICE OF UNDISPUTED RIGHTS FO"R THE SAKE OF GREATER SERVICE TO THE COUNTRY AND TO HUMANITY...
...Ask any plain citizen if he wants war...
...As it progressed, one country after another was drawn in...
...1 THE AVAILABLE evidence points to the futility of such armament...
...For my own part, I look upon Europe as cursed with a contagious, a deadly plague, whose spread threatens to devastate the civilized world...
...He might decide to order our navy out to lonvoy merchantmen loaded with arms and ammunition, or with food and clothing and Bhoes for the allied armies...
...Finally in the last week of the session, the word came...
...THE ARMED SHIP BILL was not only unconstitutional...
...supporters of the bill in the course of the debate again and again specifically stated that it meant war...
...3 AND YET in order to avoid war, we had to • submit to the sacrifice of property rights of our citizens in Mexico...
...Germany is bordering upon starvation...
...SHALL WE BREAK THE PEACE OF THE NEUTRAL HALF OF THE WORLD...
...Are we to blindly and blunderingly enter upon an experiment such as the British Admiralty attempted at the Dardanelles the re-results of which are almost sure to be disastrous...
...But the crowned heads of Europe and their diplomatic agents exercise their absolute authority under government sanction...
...Merchant ships of the Allies are armed...
...it was, in my judgment, foolish and inadequate...
...If Congress was to complete its work by March 4th, it was absolutely necessary to report from Committee the appropriation bills supplying the money necessary for the several departments of government, and to report the bills in time to give them fair consideration...
...Who shall then set limits of time or space upon its ravages...
...For unnumbered years to come, generations of helpless people must bow their bended backs under the tax burdens entailed by this war of destruction...
...And for what...
...President Wilson did err at Vera Cruz, where wholly without authority, under the guns of an American battleship, American marines were landed on foreign shores and fought a battle in which 19 American soldiers and 200 Mexicans were killed, and the City of Vera Cruz captured...
...Had this unauthorized act of war been committed upon the soil of Great Britain, France, Germany or any other world power, instead of poor, weak, distracted Mexico, it would have involved us in war-and President Wilson would have taken a place in history beside President Polk, of whom Webster caustically remarked when reviewing a less flagrant act, "No one declared war...
...To such I would say that even if Congress could legally abdicate any of the sole powers with which it is vested by'the Constitution, yet the President may err...
...Any economic loss Because of the interruption of commerce, is but a grain of sand, compared to the colossal costs of war...
...The daily papers are filled with stuff that would lead us to believe that we need only declare war, order out our fleet to scour the seas and the war is ended and won...
...It is being said now on every hand, "We do not want war, but if we go in, we will go in with all our might and make a quick finish of it.'' We thought when the war broke out in Europe that it would be a bloody, but a very brief conflict...
...How can we with the history of the past three years mapped out so vividly before us, assume that the entrance of the United States upon the bloody field will stop the war...
...we should keep our ships in their ports and our people at home without any hesitation whatsoever...
...Revolution, whose first warnings were food riots, has taken place in Russia...
...There are only 62 new members out of 435 in the House of Representatives and 16 new Senators out of 96 in the Senate...
...If it is so easy to clear the trans Atlantic lanes of submarines, why is not the British Admiralty keeping it open and free for our commerce,— since our carrying trade across the Atlantic now consists of supplies for the Allies—food and ammunition...
...The multitudes who are dying in the trenches and the millions who are suffering more agonizing pain at home, do not know what it is all about...
...It was the declared purpose of the Executive to use the authority which the Armed Ship Bill attempted to confer upon him to, enforce our neutral rights against Germany alone...
...On the contrary, it added to the number and multiplied the battle fronts...
...Whatever violation of rights or commercial loss Holland, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Spain, Central and South America, may tolerate without sacrificing their dignity or honor, the United States is strong enough and brave enough to endure for the sake of saving the world from being drawn into this dire catastrophe...
...And these brutal facts of death and mutilation only suggest the horrors of the insane conflict—women and children homeless, desecrated, starving...
...Would it not again be attempting to cope with forces beyond our power successfully to control...
...Thereafter with feeble and ineffectual protest we submitted to her rifling our mails, prohibiting our commerce with the civilian population of Germany, although that country is not legally blockaded, restricting our commerce with other neutral countries, blacklisting our merchants, seizing our ships and impressing them into her own service, confiscating their cargoes and with her submerged mines SINKING SOME OF OUR SHIPS AND DESTROYING AMERICAN LIVESIXc I AM OPPOSED to the United States making war upon England for her ruthless violations of our neutral rights just as I am opposed to making war upon Germany because of her relentless violation of our neutral rights...
...The peace strength of the standing armies of Europe, before the war began, was less than five million...
...The one universal conviction of those who yet believe in democracy is that the first step toward prevention of war and the establishment of permanent peace is to give the people, who must bear the brunt of war's awful burden more to say about it...
...If the neutral nations had been brought together early in this war, by united action, they might have compelled the belligerents to respect neutral rights, and the force of moral power of the half of the world still at peace, might have aided an early termination of the war...
...Under my oath as a Senator it was my duty to do everything legitimately within my power to defeat it, and I exercised my constitutional rights and discharged my constitutional obligation to defeat the measure, in so far as permitted by the tyrannical action of a majority...
...It follows that more than thirty-two millions have been drawn from the farms and industrial pursuits, and placed in the trenches to be mowed down at the rate of five thousand a day...
...Polk made it...
...And it was at this time in the last fifty hours of the life of the 64th Congress, with bills pending appropriating more than a billion and a half of the people's money calling for the most critical examination of Congress, that the President demanded the passage of the bill which sought to invest him with powers which if executed must inevitably bring on war...
...But so long as we have not risen to our opportunity and met our first manifest obligation, let us not in this late hour of a world crisis, exercise less forbearance than the other neutral powers of the world,—neutral powers whose example we may well iollow in keeping out of war, rather than urge upon them a policy that would certainly involve them in this terrible strife...
...Whether the stock control is now English or Morgan is immaterial...
...but that it was itself so coerced by an arranged order of events that it was deprived of all independence of legislative judgment and legislative action...
...Shall we, to maintain the technical right of travel and the pursuit of commercial profits, hurl this country into the bottomless pit of the European horror...
...Even then his bill was not presented for consideration by committee until 68 hours before the expiration of Congress and came before the Senate for debate less than 50 hours before adjournment, with appropriation bills carrying' hundreds of millions of dollars of tax burden still to be disposed of...
...For commercial advantage and fat profits, beneficial to a limited number of our dollar-scarred patriots, for neutral rights which were surrendered to the belligerents on one side during the first three months of the European war...
...The Constitution makes Congress the only authoritative body to consider and determine the question of war with another nation...
...But food riots in our own great cities and the ever increasing difficulty of the masses of people to maintain the normal standard of living—because of the world's shortage and the wicked speculation of Wall Street in the necessaries of life, imperatively demand that we should not enter upon an aggressive war for humanitarian ends, much less for commercial profits, in carrying munitionsVIII...
...The English owners give orders to Franklin...
...So far as the masses of men who are killing each ether are concerned, the European war is a bootless conflict...
...insist on access to the port of Bremen, as well as to that of Liverpool, and hold all belligerents alike to strict accountability for unlawful interference with these rights...
...Senator Lodge, supporter of the bilL and ranking Republican me'mber of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, said: '' Mr...
...In breaking away from the autocratic power of King George, the first thought of the framers of the Constitution was to be clear and specific as to this vital principle...
...Manifestly it is an undertaking which the British Admiralty declines for good and sufficient reason...
...In God's name, let us not deceive ourselves...
...But the appropriation bills were held back for some reason until it became a matter of comment among Senators and Representatives that the bills were to be "jammed through" in a rush at the end of the session...
...For myself, I would vote today * * * that 'whereas a state of war exists between the Teutonic Alliance and the United States of America, the President of the United States, is directed to use every means to carry that war to a successful conclusion.' " Senator Reed, an Administration supporter of the bill, said: "The proposition is to take naval guns, perhaps to take expert gunners from our warships, and put them aboard these vessels, to sail into the prohibited zone, and, if a German periscope shows itself, to fire at the periscope, and if the boat shows itself, to send a shot or shell through it...
...Shall we take on the awful responsibility of dragging in on one side, and pushing in on the other, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, Spain and it may be South America, until every quarter and corner of the earth is one battlefield...
...1 THE ARMED SHIP BILL asserted the pur• pose to maintain our neutral rights upon the high seas...
...They are doing their patriotic duty as they have been told to do it, and obeying orders without daring to question...
...For example, the Naval Appropriation Bill will cost the people the enormous sum of $523,000,000 for the coming year...
...We stand at the head of the neutral nations, outside the territory swept by .this war mania...
...The public need not rely on opponents of the measure for proof of the fact...
...This was the more necessary because of the wanton and reckless extravagance in appropriations last year and the enormous increases urged upon this Congress by the Executive departments, imposing upon every Senator regardful of the interests of taxpayers already overburdened, the obligation to scrutinize these measures with the greatest possible care...
...It is the one time of all others when a matter of great and momentous import to the peace of the nation should not be thrust into the gorged and swollen flood of legislation...
...The support and opposition to the bill as developed showed plainly that it was not dealt with as a partisan question by a single member of either House...
...The people of the world shocked, and paralyzed by the threatened cataclysm, took refuge in the hope that it could not last,—not more than three months at most, they said...
...It is well to remember that the 64th Congress was to expire by limitation at 12 o'clock noon on the 4th day of March...
...The American public is being woefully deceived...
...also that the President be "authorized and empowered to employ such OTHER INSTRUMENTALITIES AND METHODS as may in bis JUDGMENT and DISCRETION seem necessary and adequate to protect such vessels...
...Was it to create a situation where a number of the bills might escape thorough investigation and debate...
...It was again and again affirmed m the Constitutional debates that it would be dangerous to the liberty of the people to place the war-making power, and the control of the Army and Navy in the hands of the Executive...
...There was no evidence before Congress that would warrant the conclusion that arming these ships would afford protection...
...Tingy (4 Dallas) decided that when Congress authorized private armed ships of the United States to defend themselves against the armed ships of France, it was a declaration of war on the part of Congress, and the Court said: "Every contention by force, between two nations, in external matters, under the authority of their respective governments, is not only war, but public war...
...VII...
...Think of attempting to drive that proposition through without opportunity for deliberation and debate...
...And still the President waited day after day without an intimation that he would seek to secure from Congress extraordinary and unconstitutional powers, to bring on war at his discretion...
...The bill attempted to confer upon the Executive not only the authority to place guns and gunners upon Merchant ships and send ;hem to sea with orders to fire on German submarines at sight, but sought to empower the President to use ANY OTHER METHODS and ANY OTHER INSTRUMENTALITIES in his JUDGMENT necessary to protect such . merchant ships...
...o THE CLOSING DAYS of a Congress are always a time of tremendous pressure and severe tension...
...The one over-powering motive that might justify our entering this war is that of carrying food to the hungry in Europe...
...In the case of the "Nereide," reported in 9th Cranch, the Supreme Court said: "To the legislative power alone it mnst belong to determine, when the violence of other nations is to be met by violence.'' III...
...The periscope furnishes a target, no larger than a sailor's cap for merchant and naval g-un-ners to fire at...
...WHAT WAS THE REAL UNDERLYING SIGNIFICANCE OF SUCH A PROCEEDING...
...If we are to attempt to re-establish and maintain our neutral rights with the armed forces of the government, we are bound by every principle which controls in international law to assert and maintain those rights against all belligerents impartially...
...Within fourteen days thereafter German submarines had sent two American vessels to the bottom of the sea...
...As the committees of Congress are organized, a few of the majority party leaders, control the business and expedite it, or otherwise, at will...
...IF CONGRESS was to be called upon during that session * to consider and pass upon that question fraught with its certain consequences, the country has a right to know why he waited until the last hour to present the bill...
...The United States might even now render the greatest service to itself, to humanity and to the world by calling a conference of neutral nations, whose object would be to enforce the rights of neutrals...
...I AM NOT AN EXTREMIST, I DO NOT SAY THERE MAY NOT BE SUPREME PRINCIPLES FOR WHICH MEN MUST FIGHT TO THE DEATH AS A LAST RESORT...
...9 THE FIRST QUESTION we should ask ourselves, before we enter on this war with our armed merchantmen or our navy, for the express purpose of maintaining our right to the seas, is, what will happen to our ships...
...X. FOR THE UNITED STATES to enter this war without consulting the other neutral nations is a fearful responsibility...
...He might decide that the best way to protect our merchant ships would be to land an army in Germany and destroy the Krupp works and any other manufacturing plants where Germany is constructing submarines...
...all personal consideration, all thought of material loss, or commercial inconvenience would fall before the necessity of protecting our people from being stricken with the dread disease...
...We had definite warning...
...It seems to me that it is conceded that vessels shall be armed and shall fire upon German submarines the moment they come in sight...
...Who can foretell what it means...
...She sowed the seas with submerged mines...
...Franklin's master of the ship, not by the United States gunner...
...If the language of this bill does not seek to confer authority which would leave it in his DISCRETION to MAKE WAR, then there is no power in human language which could accomplish that result...
...It appropriated $100,000,000 to be expended by the President "for the purpose of carrying into effect the foregoing provisions...
...If that is the purpose might we not just as well plainly provide that our war vessels shall convoy our merchant vessels...
...When one of the American Line ships, armed with United States guns, sails out to sea, the orders to fire will be given by Mr...
...Of course, we know the minute that is done by a vessel thus equipped, it will be treated as though it were done by a war vessel of the United States...
...Thirty-seven million men are now under arms in Europe...
...It is admitted that the submarine, with its hull submerged several feet below the surface, and exposirfg nothing but its periscope, can discharge its torpedo with equal chance to achieve its purpose...
...On November 2, 1914, she declared the North Sea and the Atlantic ocean from the Hebrides to Iceland a military area...
...The armed ship bill by every standard of progress and democracy faced backward, not forward, O WE MIGHT have been at war with Mexico, and no one accords the President higher commendation than I, for resisting the pressure of the jingoes who would have forced us into war with our neighboring state...
...One calmly reflecting upon this whole proceeding will find it difficult to discover a rational reason why the President should not above all things desire the presence of Congress at a time when the question of meeting violence with violence is to be determined...
...But I do believe that as organized society in its slow evolution has developed more rational means of settling individual differences than brute force, so must the nations of the world ultimately find other ways of deciding their disagreements than war...
...Hence no party issue would have been raised on it when the new Congress convenes, 0 IN ATTEMPTING to force the Armed Ship Bill through in the last hours of the 64th Congress, the President made it plain that he desired to be left ALONE to exercise EXTRAORDINARY and AUTOCRATIC power affecting the destinies of this country und the world, from the 4th of March to the assembling of the new CongTess the following December—a per^ iod of nine long months, V. THE LESSONS of the European war and recent events on our own continent force the conclusion that there should be no haste in taking steps that lead to war, and emphasize the fact that time to reflect is an important element in averting war...
...He might decide that our navy should patrol the trans-Atlantic lanes through the German war zone hunting submarines in the interest of the owners of our munition ships...
...We are quick to believe that we shall be able to hasten the end...
...England, -according to Lloyd George is facing actual want...
...P. A. S. Franklin, whose visits to the Navy Department to secure guns for his ships, whose interviews and movements have been featured as though he were head and front of the American merchant marine—is the active manager of these combined properties—British, Belgian and American...
...Their great loss of tonnage is conclusive evidence that guns planted on merchant ships are ineffectual in warding off submarine attack...
...If the President exercises it it is in violation of expressed provisions of the constitution...
...Shall we bind up our future with foreign powers and hazard the peace of this nation for all time by linking the destiny of the American democracy with the ever menacing antagonisms of foreign monarchies...
...How can we justify the insistence of our right to push through the mines and submarines of the war zone when that right is compared with the obligation to protect all our people here at home from the terrible effects of war...
...With the modern enginery of destructive warfare, we expected to witness a crushing blow and speedy termination of the struggle...
...Our Supreme Court in Bas vs...
...Such a bill ought to be carefully considered and thoroughly discussed...
...The next regular Congress would not meet until December 3rd—a period of nine months...
...J. P. Morgan is its financial head in the United States today, and he is the Official Financial Agent of Great Britain in all her dealings with the people of this country...
...The demand came chiefly from the American Line, whose tonnage is less than five per cent of the total tonnage of the United States engaged in foreign trade...
...Her purpose was unmistakable...
...It is unthinkable that with this awful object lesson before them, the American people are nevertheless today being stampeded into war in blind thoughtlessness of its awful consequences...
...All hope of concert of action is lost and we know not what degree of chaos may follow...
...THE ARMED SHIP BILL MEANT WAR...
...The control of the International Mercantile Marine Company, prior to the war, was in England...
...Would not a command to clear the seas of German submarines be analogous to the order to bring Villa out of Mexico, d^ad or alive...
...we should force our way through the Mediterranean to the Greeks, whose poor we are told are subsisting on roots and grass...
...What assurance have we that we can clear the German war zone with armed merchantmen, or with battleships as convoys, or with any of the so-called "submarine chasers...
...If we really mean to reclaim and assert our neutral rights to the freedom of the seas, by using the armed forces of the United States, then we should as a neutral nation— neutral in FACT as well as in NAME—assert those rights, against Great Britain and her Allies as well as against Germany...
...but then we should go to all the starving nations, through the Baltic to the Poles, who are suffering as terribly from the effects of war, as the Belgians, and getting no relief...
...Already $70,000,000,000 of debt piled up...
...O GIVE VALIDITY and effect to such pro-**• visions and it removes every limitation Upon his acts...
...The involuntary answer is "we ought to know better from the lesson in Europe...
...The appropriation bills could have been properly discussed and disposed of, and then Congress could have addressed itself to the orderly consideration of this war issue...
...1 IT WAS the evil systeja of one-man power and secret diplomacy in government that plunged the helpless peoples of Europe suddenly and hopelessly into the awful war that has been raging for the past three years with ever increasing fury...
...If it were indeed the Black Death that was mowing down its millions of victims, instead of this more ghastly war, we should not hesitate to quarantine against it...
...The English owners take their orders from the British Admiralty...
...That did not end it...
...And now at this time, when a crisis is approaching, when forces that have been gathering momentum appear to press the war to a conclusion, our intervention will confuse the issue, bring new alignments, force other neutral nations to take sides, giving to the horrible conflict now approaching a climax, a fresh intensity, increased fierceness, and prolong it indefinitely...
...I have the best authority for the statement that the chances of hitting a target of that size at the distance of two miles, or of damaging a submarine so submerged, would in a hundred shots be practically zero...
...Congress cannot confer upon the Executive the powers invested in it...
...O THE ARMED SHIP BLLL is therefore contrary to the letter and spirit of the Constitution, which expressly vests the war power in Congress—without which provision the Constitution could not have been adopted...
...So too, with the Army Appropriation Bill, carrying $278,000,-000, besides A PROVISION TO FORCE MILITARY TRAINING UPON THE AMERICAN PEOPLE...
...This majority as I believe, and as I think the record plainly shows, resorted to a perversion of the rules and to the very filibustering methods which it so violently condemned, in order to prevent me from obtaining the floor to speak against the bilL 1 A PLAIN STATEMENT of the facts will, I believe, convince * * any unbiased mind, that the majority in dealing with the Armed Ship Bill and matters connected therewith, was not acting upon its own volition...
...No where would there be lodged any power to prevent any president from doing anything his judgment dictated with the army and navy to protect the merchant ships of our war traders...
...C AT THIS POINT it is well for the public to understand that the right of Congress to deal with the great issue raised (in a calm, thorough and dispassionate manner which its gravity and magnitude demanded) could have been disposed of in a word from the President...
...moving pictures portray our fleet firing on submarines that instantly go to the bottom...
...women were outraged...
...For long years to come, all the resources that should go to the world's betterment, mortgaged beyond redemption to pay for this awful holocaust...
...Starvation—race starvation—starvation of men, women and children—has become the terrible, relentless, merciless issue of this war madness among civilized Christian nations...
...Whatever may have been the reason for the condition of legislation described—it had been brought about...
...Six other great appropriation bills carrying an aggregate of nearly a BILLION dollars, were so held back by those responsible for them that they were not passed and finally disposed of by the Senate, until the last forty-eight hours of the session, while another measure had the right of way and was the all-absorbing subject for consideration...
...President, in my opinion, for us to arm a vessel loaded with contraband, or to convoy a vessel loaded with contraband, would be an act of war.'' Senator Fall, Republican supporter of the bill, said: "This Act of Congress, the Senate Act, if adopted, is a declaration of war, a limited declaration or a declaration of limited war...
...Senator Brandegee, a Republican supporter of the bill, said: "I am aware of the effect of this bill...
...It is the one time when a measure of debatable right that has not been thoroughly considered should be kept out...
...1THE TWELVE SENATORS, who opposed • the grant of such indefinite unascertained and unconstitutional power as the Armed Ship Bill sought to confer upon the President, were exercising their rights and discharging their obligation under the constitution in the same spirit that governs the Executive in the Constitutional use of his veto power, through which one man overturns the majority action of both branches of Congress, O AS A RESULT of their opposition, the President has convened a new Congress...
...The "Laconia" was armed, but she was torpedoed twice and sunk without a chance to fire a shot...
...If his bill had been accompanied with a call for Congress to meet on the 5th day of March to consider the question of arming ships and employing all means and instrumentalities in the hands of this powerful government against Germany or any other foreign nation— there would have been no occasion for forcing immediate action upon the bill...
...O PERHAPS some consideration of the source • of the clamor for arming our ships may shed light on the motives back of that movement...
...Think of it...
...1 THE ARMED SHIP BILL provided that * * the President be authorized to supply our merchant vessels "with arms and also the necessary ammunition and means of making use of them...
...And now, in the third year of the war, the stricken world finds that all these efficient instruments of woe to mankind cannot accomplish a big enough slaughter to force a victory...
...France is beginning to feel the pinch of hunger...
...The belligerents upon both sides are desperate to the verge of madness...
...and I believe it reflects honor upon our nation and that we should be profoundly grateful, that instead of being at war with Mexico, we can today congratulate our sister Republic on the peaceful election of a President by the largest vote ever cast in that country...
...From all we can learn it appears that the British Navy is not attempting this perilous task, but is keeping inside carefully guarded harbors...
...hundreds of citizens were killed...
...It existed and presented a situation most favorable for bringing forward a measure such as the Armed Ship Bill...
...The American Line is a subsidiary of the International Mercantile Marine Company, which, in December, 1916, had 102 vessels flying the British flag, 2 flying the Belgian flag and 8 flying the United States flag...
...The United Press, from the casualty lists of the belligerent nations, estimates that more than 21,000,000 men have been killed, wounded or reported missing, to date, affecting a hundred million noncombatants...
Vol. 9 • March 1917 • No. 3
Kanda Sofware


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Posté le: Jeu Déc 12, 2019 1:43 am Sujet du message: Nike Air Max 2016 Dame
Stop what you're doing, because a new fashion line is here. Pharrell is back at it again, and this time he's teamed up with Adidas. The two have created a clothing and Adidas Superstar Dámské footwear line that aims to unite the entire world. Honestly, you should expect nothing less from the star. How much is the Pharrell x Adidas Hu NMD line, you ask? Just like the global reach, there's a price point for everyone.
What started with a bright yellow sneaker reading "human race" has now taken off to include much more. Pharrell teamed up with Adidas to create a line filled with everything leggings and zip-ups to five different colorful shoes. This isn't your typical line though. The collab isn't aiming for one specific demographic. According to Adidas' Instagram, they're aiming to unite the entire world.
The worldwide launch will include footwear in five different colors with different split sayings on them. Those will cost you $240 each. The clothing is where it gets a little pricier. On the more affordable side, you have shorts, sweatpants, and tanks that stick between $70 and $140. Where it gets a little high-Nike Air Max 90 Damen end in pricing is with the jackets, which range between $270 to $750. Considering it's launching worldwide, the price reflects the broad range of Nike Air Max 270 Womens customers.
The line goes on sale worldwide on the Adidas site on Sept. 29. I'd mark your calendars, because something tells me these items will fly off the shelves. There's no word yet on whether this will be a limited edition collection. That means that this could be your only shot to shop the line.
Adidas earned its place in the footwear and athletic apparel industries by staying true to what motivated its founder, Adi Dassler, nearly a century ago: listen to athletes, and make products that address their needs. Dassler started a shoe company in Herzogenaurach, Germany in 1924, and he scored his first running shoe successes very soon afterward; Lina Radke won a gold medal at the 1928 Olympics while wearing his shoes, as did Jesse Owens in 1936.
Dassler's commitment to innovation and performance became a hallmark for the Nike Air Max 90 Femme company (which he renamed Adidas in 1949) and helped Adidas Gazelle Dameit grow into a household name. Adidas popularized now ubiquitous footwear and apparel items, like the track suit and Stan Smith sneakers, and cooked up notable running innovations, like the first tracking computer implanted in a running shoe.
More recently, Adidas rocked the running world with the release of its Boost foam in 2013. Instead of traditional EVA, this new cushioning material used Nike Air Max 270 Femme thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) capsules developed by the German chemical company BASF. The resulting foam delivered responsive support that was more durable and provided greater energy return than earlier cushioning systems, and Adidas dubbed it Boost. The foam debuted on the Energy Boost shoe in 2013, and it set a new standard for superior cushion that didn't add weight or degrade through high mileage. Rival shoemakers quickly followed Adidas Superstar Dámské suit with their own proprietary cushioning materials, which sparked the current foam craze in running shoes.
Nearly every shoe here has been tested by our team of over 350 active wear-testers, or by staff here at Runner's World. In addition, we research the market, survey user reviews, speak with product managers and engineers, and use our Nike Air Max 2016 Dame own experience to determine the best options. We also included shoes that haven't undergone our strenuous testing cycle; instead, these picks were recommended using expert knowledge and evaluation. Regardless of what shoe you choose, you can rest assured that runners around the world lace up in Adidas to perform at their best. Check out some of our favorite pairs below.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Requirements for Majors and Minors
Life After Linfield
Our Students and Alumni Say...
Keyboard studies
Memorial Organ
Music and Dance Courses
Music Scholarship Information
Music Scholarship Application
Music Department Handbook (PDF)
The music major is available as a bachelor of arts degree only, as defined in the section on degree requirements for all majors in this course catalog.
For a major: 48 credits comprised of 210, 211, 310, 311, 233, and 320. In addition, two music history courses from 354, 356, or 357, and one music history course from 251, 253, or 355; seven credits over seven semesters of required ensemble participation; six credits over six semesters of required applied lessons; a senior capstone; and four elective credits in music. The senior capstone is a 3-credit unit comprised of 490 (3 credits), or 491 (1 credit) concurrent with 403 (2 credits), or 492 (1 credit) concurrent with 403 (2 credits). Pass the second-year proficiency exam and a major standing jury prior to final admission to the music major. Also recommended is a demonstration of keyboard proficiency by passing the keyboard skills sequence of courses with grade of C or better.
For a minor: 22 credits comprised of 210, 211, 233; one music history class selected from 251, 253 or 355 (354, 356, or 357 may be substituted, but only with permission of instructor); four credits over four semesters of required ensemble participation; and four credits over four semesters of applied lessons.
In successfully completing a music major, a student will:
embrace inquiry into creative, expressive, and analytical issues in music;
demonstrate the ability to hear and sing music accurately;
understand melodic and harmonic practice from the common practice period into the 21st century, and the basic forms and styles of music;
acquire prociency in performance through a study of varied and diverse repertoire and musical genres in appropriate styles;
develop an appropriate knowledge of solo and ensemble literature for the applied area;
improvise basic accompaniments and musical thematic materials, and acquire piano prociency as recommended;
investigate the role and signicance of music in history and its intersection with cultures and disciplines from a variety of perspectives;
use and understand basic music technology;
develop an understanding of and appreciation for the signicant musical accomplishments and contributions of diverse and marginalized groups.
engage in critical thinking and analysis through written and oral presentation;
collaborate and make connections across disciplines.
In addition to the basic requirements for the degree, music courses at the upper level will be determined in consultation with the full‐time music advisor and the student. Students will pursue advanced study in performance, composition, music theory, or music history and culture to prepare for the required completion of a senior capstone project. Music majors will be advised towards a choice of senior capstone project that meets their individual needs or interests, and will be required to complete one of the following:
write a thesis or complete a significant project on a topic approved by the music faculty.
demonstrate competency in performing a broad range of styles and perform a senior recital as a capstone experience.
develop compositional skills to include counterpoint and orchestration, and compose a substantive final project or write a significant theoretical paper in the area of music theory.


I made PubPeer look bad, now they're not suing me!
I made an error in my post critiquing PubPeer, because I thought the commenters were being deceitful, when in fact the opposite was the case. Yet all I received was a polite e-mail pointing out the error. It's almost like they believe litigating against critique is a bad thing ! Who would have thought?
For those of you who missed it, I wrote a massive post in which I dig deep into the case of Dr Fazlul Sarkar. Dr Sarkar is currently suing PubPeer on the basis that a number of comments posted on there ruined his reputation, and prevented him from getting a job at the University of Mississippi. The thing is, in order for the case to stick, these comments must have no factual basis, so I delved into PubPeer to examine them for myself, and present my own opinion. On every. single. one.
But for one of those comments, I didn't have all the information to hand. I've added my full correction to the end of the article, which I've linked to below.
TL:DR for the correction A Journal made an unannounced correction to an article, correcting the error the PubPeer comment drew attention to, making me believe that the comment had been made up by PubPeer.
Yes, in case you're wondering how I found so much time to do this, my social life is pristine, mint condition, still in the original box and never used.


The Central Railway (CR) has achieved a unique feat. From January, it has been running the country's longest freight train.
While the 118-coach-long behemoth is not a technological marvel (it has been put together simply by joining two regular freight trains), running it poses technical challenges. There are issues like driver-guard communication, and starting and braking the train at the appropriate time. There are also operational problems related to tight curves, steep gradients and track crossings.
"Such a long freight train has been pressed into service because there is tremendous pressure from March to June to run extra passenger trains for accommodating the summer rush," said V Malegaonkar, chief PRO, CR.
Though 'freight train' has been mentioned in the singular, it merely refers to the type of the train: 1,373-metre long with a trailing load of 9,000-10,000 tons, to be hauled by four electric engines (two in front and two in the middle). In reality, many such trains can be put together for any duration. In January and February, for example, CR ran 67 and 75 of the trains (or services), respectively.
Looking to speed up the transfer of funds electronically, banks will henceforth only take into account customers' account numbers for such transactions, ignoring other details like names. The new mechanism is intended to reduce the possibility of any errors and comes into effect from January 1, 2011. This is in line with a Reserve Bank directive under which customers would need to mention their account numbers twice for every electronic fund transfer request made through the Internet, as well as at bank branches.
The central bank had directed the banks to put in place the appropriate systems and procedures to comply with the directive from the New Year. As per the RBI guidelines, the banks would need to process all inward electronic transactions solely on the basis of the account number of the customer. The new system would be applicable for all electronic payment gateways, such as RTGS, NEFT, NECS and ECS, besides fund transfers initiated by customers at bank branches or over the Internet.
Although electronic payment methods are aimed at achieving expeditious fund transfers through a computerised system, the earlier practice involved manual intervention too, on account of the tedious process of matching various details such as customers' names and branch details. The situation becomes more difficult in India, where some people tend to write their names in different manners when opening banks accounts. "In the Indian context, given the many different ways in which beneficiary names can be written, it becomes extremely challenging to perfectly match the name field contained in the electronic transfer instructions with the name on record in the books of the destination bank."
"Any manual intervention not only delays completion of the instruction, but also provides scope for error and fraudulent intent," the RBI said. As all the banks in the country work in a Core Banking Software (CBS) environment, no two customers have similar account numbers across banks and as such, the RBI observed that account numbers could easily considered as the sole criteria for transfer of funds electronically. Although it would still be mandatory for the customers' name to be mentioned while making electronic fund transfers, only the account number will be relied on for the purpose of affording credit, the RBI said.
The banks would use details such as the customers' names for post-credit checking, as well as in the case of customers falling in high-risk categories. In order to keep the account numbers error-free, the customers would need to input the account number information more than once while conducting electronic fund transactions either over the Internet or at bank branches, the RBI said.
After United Trade Union actions by Central Trade Unions and particularly 7th September strike the decision of Central Trade Unions to March to Parliament on 23rd February will further strengthen Trade Union Movement and will be a mile stone in trade union unity. The March to Parliament will create history when trade unions from different colours sheds and ideologies will march together to highlight the common demands of (i) Curb on price rise (ii) increase in employment (iii) Effective implementation of labour laws for workers of unorganized sector (iv) Stop disinvestment of public sector. More than five lakhs workers from throughout the country is likely to reach Delhi to join the protest march on above demands.
The workers particularly from unorganized sector are most suffering lots because neither Central Government nor State Government are caring for them. They are not being paid minimum wages, no dearness relief, no working hours, no service security, no ESI, no P.F. The labour laws are likely fairly tales for them. The worst effected people in the country due to price rise are working class and particularly who are daily wage earners. The unity forged by Central Trade Unions for these common problems is really commendable.
In the mean time 23rd October in Mumbai merger of HMKP into HMS is also a step which has created a sense of amalgamation in to working class. HMS has taken the lead and we hoe the others should follow the suite.


XML Forms Submission provides an infrastructure to allow the submission of data to the Workers' Compensation Board in an industry-standard format (XML -- Extensible Markup Language). This program is designed to offer the medical community the opportunity to engage in industry standard submission of electronic medical forms to the Workers' Compensation Board. The XML submission program currently supports the submissions of EC-4NARR, EC-AMR and the OT/PT-4 forms.
Effective January 1, 2019, registered providers (including non-Board authorized Physical Therapists, Occupational Therapists, Psychologists, Durable Medical Equipment vendors, laboratories and pharmacies) may voluntarily transmit the CMS-1500 form and required medical narratives/attachments in lieu of the EC-4NARR and other WCB medical billing forms (except the C-4.3). It is anticipated that the XML submission of the CMS-1500 form and narratives/attachments will be required effective January 1, 2020. Learn more about the CMS-1500 Initiative.
Board authorized XML submission partners have proven they comply with the Board's requirements for the electronic submission of these forms and have executed the required legal agreement with the Workers' Compensation Board. Health care providers considering doing business with a Board authorized XML submission partner should request the XML Submission Partner show them a copy of this legal agreement.
Health Care Providers MUST complete the Registration for XML Forms Submission on the Board's web site before the Workers' Compensation Board will accept their electronic their electronically submitted forms through the XML Forms Submission process.
If you are interested in having your forms submitted to the Board using this XML forms submission process, you may contact an XML submission partner from the List of XML Submission Partners. Check the list regularly, it is expected that the List of XML Submission Partners will change over time.
If form data is submitted to the Board using the XML Form Submission process, DO NOT mail a duplicate paper form to the Board. The Workers' Compensation law requires copies to be provided to the claimant, employer, insurance carrier, claimant representative, etc.; it is the health care provider's responsibility to ensure that this reporting requirement is met.


Over the coming six months, Zarif said Iran will give America and its Western allies an opportunity to prove their trustworthiness to the Islamic Republic before moving on to the second step.
Israeli officials seemed incredulous that Obama could enter, eyes fully opened, into such an arrangement.
"What was agreed to last night in Geneva is not a historic agreement, it is a historic mistake," said Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu at Sunday's cabinet meeting. "Today the world has become much more dangerous because the most dangerous regime in the world took a significant step to getting the most dangerous weapon in the world."
"Just like the failed deal with North Korea, the current deal can actually bring Iran closer to the bomb," said Intelligence Minister Yuval Steinitz. "Israel cannot take part in the international celebrations based on Iranian deception and self-delusion."
But celebrate appears to be precisely what the Obama Administration wants Israel, and everyone else, to do.
While Obama acknowledged that Israel and the Arab Gulf states "have reason to be skeptical," US Secretary of State John Kerry insisted the deal had "made the world safer."


I am 50 and a size 20. This dress was perfect. It fits beautifully. I particularly loved the sleeves. It was very forgiving and complimentary to my figure.
Love the colour, perfect mother of the bride dress!
Mycket välsydd och sitter perfekt efter mina lämnade mått!
I purchased this dress for a wedding. As a plus size woman, I wanted to have it custom made. Best decision - it fit perfectly. The quality of the dress was great. I received so many compliments and felt very comfortable in it. I have very large arms and was concerned that my arms wouldn't fit. I spoke with customer service and they advised me to put those measurements in the comments. It worked - my arms fit!
I have worn this dress twice - for two different weddings and each time I've felt very comfortable and felt very pretty.
So I must say that as a very discerning individual, this experience was top notch. The service in trying to ensure that the sizing was correct to ensuring that my dress arrived on time for the event was outstanding to say the least. It took less then two weeks to have this piece in the ink blue colour made and delivered to my door in Canada! Amazing. The dress itself is a perfect fit, very well made with quality materials. I will order again from JJ's House and would highly recommend.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using Frontenac.Blueprints.Contracts;

namespace Frontenac.Blueprints.Util.Wrappers.Partition
{
    public class PartitionIndex : IIndex
    {
        protected PartitionGraph Graph;
        protected IIndex RawIndex;

        public PartitionIndex(IIndex rawIndex, PartitionGraph graph)
        {
            if (rawIndex == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(rawIndex));
            if (graph == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(graph));

            RawIndex = rawIndex;
            Graph = graph;
        }

        public string Name
        {
            get { return RawIndex.Name; }
        }

        public Type Type
        {
            get { return RawIndex.Type; }
        }

        public long Count(string key, object value)
        {
            IndexContract.ValidateCount(key, value);

            return Get(key, value).LongCount();
        }

        public void Remove(string key, object value, IElement element)
        {
            IndexContract.ValidateRemove(key, value, element);

            var partitionElement = element as PartitionElement;
            if (partitionElement != null)
                RawIndex.Remove(key, value, partitionElement.GetBaseElement());
        }

        public void Put(string key, object value, IElement element)
        {
            IndexContract.ValidatePut(key, value, element);

            var partitionElement = element as PartitionElement;
            if (partitionElement != null)
                RawIndex.Put(key, value, partitionElement.GetBaseElement());
        }

        public IEnumerable<IElement> Get(string key, object value)
        {
            IndexContract.ValidateGet(key, value);

            if (typeof (IVertex).IsAssignableFrom(Type))
                return new PartitionVertexIterable((IEnumerable<IVertex>) RawIndex.Get(key, value), Graph);
            return new PartitionEdgeIterable((IEnumerable<IEdge>) RawIndex.Get(key, value), Graph);
        }

        public IEnumerable<IElement> Query(string key, object value)
        {
            if (typeof (IVertex).IsAssignableFrom(Type))
                return new PartitionVertexIterable((IEnumerable<IVertex>) RawIndex.Query(key, value), Graph);
            return new PartitionEdgeIterable((IEnumerable<IEdge>) RawIndex.Query(key, value), Graph);
        }

        public override string ToString()
        {
            return this.IndexString();
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Wiring plug diagram While the other factory harnesses were largely a plug wire we needed to go from the gauge to the molex connector and cutting that much out of the factory harness. Then rather than splicing in a For some reason heating system wiring seems to mystify some people especially my plumber friends. I can pick on plumbers ive been one for 25 years. Most plumbers plug in their droplights Below is a diagram showing how to wire the lead circuit with dual volume controls i didnt use pedals or audio plug ins. In the first sample both controls are rotated fully clockwise on 10 and.
Wiring plug diagram Trailer wiring diagrams that have tiny little wires labeled with type too small for even a lawyer to read. Got a 7 pin connector on the truck and an inline 4 pin connector on the trailer we found For some reason dual horn relay wiring harness kits are difficult to find lately every harness kit worth its salt will come with good quality wiring and connectors ready to plug directly to the While well go through wiring up factory wiring diagram found in the assembly manual. Its important to know though that the wiring harness is just that just wires with the connectors at the.
Wiring plug diagram However all work must meet standards outlined in the wiring regulations light switch or plug socket. Whenever you do this and read up before you do study how the wires are attached before Routers and switches are smart they know who they are cabled to via cdp lldp mac addresses etc.. So what we need is a tool that gives us access to that information allows us to compare the Headlight plugs tie wraps an ample supply of crimp and solder connectors and instructions. The instruction booklet identifies each wires color destination and origin. Also complete wiring.
Heres a step by step guide to wiring your home with cat5e or cat6 ethernet cable. If youre not sure of the difference you can take the raw cable directly out of the wall put a rj 45 plug on it Since this is a universal harness the wires are longer than necessary it has wiring for items like air conditioning that our truck doesnt need and it does not come with any plugs for the Sch252tzingers kelvin four wire measurement lamella basket plug including accessories is also available from jpr. The commonly used connection with four individual safety sockets is on the long.
It's possible to get or download caterpillar-wiring diagram from several websites. If you take a close look at the diagram you will observe the circuit includes the battery, relay, temperature sensor, wire, and a control, normally the engine control module. With an extensive collection of electronic symbols and components, it's been used among the most completed, easy and useful wiring diagram drawing program. Wiring Plug Diagram. The wiring diagram on the opposite hand is particularly beneficial to an outside electrician. Sometimes wiring diagram may also refer to the architectural wiring program. The simplest approach to read a home wiring diagram is to begin at the source, or the major power supply. Basically, the home wiring diagram is simply utilized to reveal the DIYer where the wires are.
In a parallel circuit, each unit is directly linked to the power supply, so each system gets the exact voltage. There are 3 basic sorts of standard light switches. The circuit needs to be checked with a volt tester whatsoever points. Wiring Plug Diagram. Each circuit displays a distinctive voltage condition. You are able to easily step up the voltage to the necessary level utilizing an inexpensive buck-boost transformer and steer clear of such issues. The voltage is the sum of electrical power produced by the battery. Be sure that the new fuse isn't blown, and carries the very same amperage.
The control box may have over three terminals. After you have the correct size box and have fed the cable to it, you're almost prepared to permit the wiring begin. Then there's also a fuse box that's for the body controls that is situated under the dash. Wiring Plug Diagram. You will find that every circuit has to have a load and every load has to have a power side and a ground side. Make certain that the transformer nameplate power is enough to supply the load that you're connecting.
Damper wiring diagram cat5 plug wiring diagram wall plug wiring diagram rj21 wiring diagram audio plug wiring diagram electrical outlet wiring diagram camper plug wiring diagram light switch wiring diagram.


Looking for a handy tabletop gas fryer, or double gas fryer with a capacity of 2 x 8 liter? The great advantage of a gas fryer XXLhoreca table-top relative to the standard fryer with substructure, is that it is easier to move and even more preferably can be put at a height.
Moreover, most models table fryers in gas XXLhoreca are very compact and can be found in our store only reputable brands of proven quality such as Diamond and Bartscher.
A good example of a top gas fryer is the gas fryer 2 x 8 liters pro Diamond. With its rounded edges and built entirely of stainless steel housing, this is a model that for years a useful help in any professional kitchen. Besides well-known Diamond Gas Fryers course you will also find the frying proven technology from brands like Bartscher. The double Bartscher Gas Fryer is a good example of a compact and highly portable gas fryer with simple operation into a full stainless steel housing.


St. Clair County Sheriff Scott Keeler said deputies made four warrant arrests during the week of June 22-29.
Tyneishia Sanders- On June 28, Tyneishia Sanders, 23, Kansas City, Kan., was arrested at the St. Clair County Jail on five active warrants from Lee Summit Police Department for failing to appear in court on traffic offenses. Bond is set at $2,100 cash or surety.
James Patroske- On June 27, James Patroske, 62, Osceola, was arrested on a St. Clair County warrant charging him with a class D felony of unlawful use of a weapon. Bond is set at $10,000 cash or surety. The warrant was issued on June 24 and stems from a June 8 Osceola Police Department case.
Dallas Cox- On June 25, Dallas Cox, 20, Independence, was arrested on a St. Clair County warrant for failing to appear in court on two misdemeanor charges, possession of liquor by minor and activities violation in a non-designated conservation area. The warrant was issued on Jan. 21 and stems from an incident on June 7, 2014 with the Missouri Department of Conservation.
Trisha Ketner(No photo)- On June 24, Trisha Ketner, 37, Kansas City, was arrested in rural Lowry City on a Henry County warrant for probation violation on original felony charges of theft and passing a bad check. Bond is set at $2,500 cash only. Ketner was transported to the Henry County line and custody was transferred. Ketner has been wanted by the Missouri Department of Corrections Board of Probation and Parole since March for absconding supervision.
On June 25, a St. Clair County warrant was issued for Steve Whitesell, 35, Schell City, charging him with a class D felony of non-support-total arrears in excess of 12 monthly payments. Bond is set at $10,000 cash or surety.
Those with any information on Whitesell's location are urged to contact the St. Clair County Sheriff's Office Tip Line, 417-646-5832, or email to tips@scsomo.org.


text:
You are here: Home / New Jersey Military Bases / Training Center Cape May Coast Guard Cape May, NJ
Training Center Cape May Coast Guard Cape May, NJ
Training Center Cape May is the most important training center for all the recruits and aspirants to the United States Coast Guard. The center is obviously operated by the US Coast Guard and commanded by Captain William G. Kelly. It is the one and only recruiting center in the United States of America. As for the training sessions, it is the most popular one. Most of the other similar facilities are slowly losing their activities, so most aspirants orientate their attention towards this place. It is located in Cape May, in the southern part of New Jersey.
Training Center Cape May hosts multiple schools and ranges for training, but also the recruiting office. The institution represents the first step in every aspirant's life. Whenever someone hopes to join the United States Coast Guard, this place is the first one to attend. Once accepted in, this is where the first training sessions are held. At the same time, the recruits are trained in all the operations the US Coast Guard conducts, whether they imply lighthouse maintenance, ice patrolling, environmental actions or search and rescue (SAR) missions. As the basic courses reach to an end, each recruit must pick a particular specialization. This is when the more intense programs begin. This is the time when each recruit must pick the right path. One of the most popular courses is the Direct Entry Petty Officer one, which is strictly created to turn regular students into some of the finest petty officers in the branch.
The recruiting office and the training missions are not specifically created for the young aspirants only. Training Center Cape May may also support third parties or particular agencies. They have to follow the same steps. They may opt for individual or group based sessions.
The place Training Center Cape May is currently on has a long history in the military field. The place was initially used by the United States Navy. It was a refuge site during the American Revolutionary War. It hasn't really changed its mission during the 19-th century. The US Navy decided to turn it into a training center for the defensive coastal operations in 1917. Every building on site was renovated and used with different purposes. The site was completely burnt down in 1918 due to an accident. This unhappy event didn't demoralize the US Navy. Instead, it motivated the officials to raise an even more powerful and modern center, with some of the best facilities for those times.
When World War I reached to an end, the officials built the largest hangar in the world to design some advanced aircrafts. The idea was to build something lighter than air. However, the prototype crashed during the first testing flight, so the project was abandoned and this technique was never implemented. The United States Coast Guard took over the facility in 1924 and commissioned it as Training Center Cape May. Its objectives and mission changed for a few times throughout the history before it was actually turned into a recruiting and training center.
Photos of Training Center Cape May Coast Guard Cape May, NJ
Nearby Schools to Training Center Cape May Coast Guard Cape May, NJ
Lower Cape May Reg High School
Cape May, 0.5 miles away.
Richard M Teitelman School
Cape May, 0.81 miles away.
508 enrolled in this public school. Grades range 7-8.
Sandman Consolidated Elementary School
Maud Abrams School
Carl T Mitnick School
Nearby Hotels to Training Center Cape May Coast Guard Cape May, NJ
Montreal Beach Resort
Reeves Motel
Bacchus Inn
ICONA Cape May
The Virginia Hotel
Nearby Car Rental Agencies to Training Center Cape May Coast Guard Cape May, NJ
Ace Sharper Rental
S & E Auto Repair
Shepanski's Auto Repair
Nearby Restaurants to Training Center Cape May Coast Guard Cape May, NJ
Lucky Bones Backwater Grille
Iron Pier Craft House
Pier House
Dogtooth Bar & Grill
5 West Pub


Individual exercise programs for falls prevention consist of a standardized program of exercise or an individually tailored plan. This analysis includes interventions delivered to participants with a high risk of falling due to falls risk factors or recruitment from an inpatient setting. Among the included interventions, a physiotherapist or other provider assigns exercises and follows up with home visits and phone calls to monitor progress. Most programs prescribed home-based exercises for nearly all exercise sessions. Program length ranged from 6 weeks to 1.3 years, with an average of ten months. Expected exercise frequency ranged from twice weekly to three times daily, with a mean of once daily.
This meta-analysis includes only interventions delivered to community-dwelling older adults with a high risk of falling. We classify participants as high-risk if they were selected for falls risk factors or if they were recruited from an inpatient setting. We analyze individual exercise interventions for a general population of community-dwelling older adults separately.
Per-participant cost estimates are based on weighted average costs in the included studies. We estimate staff hours including home visits, transportation, telephone contacts, and training. We assume initial home visits lasted one hour; additional home visits lasted 20 or 30 minutes; and home visits required 30 minutes of travel time. We assume follow-up phone calls lasted 20 minutes on average. For studies that include training (Boongird et al., 2017), we include the cost of a three-hour training, including provider time spent in attendance and the course fee. We also include the cost of exercise equipment and audiovisual equipment provided for home use. We use 2016 U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics information (retrieved March 2018) to estimate Washington State mean wages in the home health care sector for occupational therapists, registered nurses, physical therapists, and general practitioner physicians. We increase wages by a factor of 1.441 to account for the cost of employee benefits.
Boongird, C., Keesukphan, P., Phiphadthakusolkul, S., Rattanasiri, S., & Thakkinstian, A. (2017). Effects of a simple home-based exercise program on fall prevention in older adults: A 12-month primary care setting, randomized controlled trial. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 17, 2157-2163.
Duque, G., Boersma, D., Loza-Diaz, G., Hassan, S., Suarez, H., Geisinger, D., . . . Demontiero, O. (2013). Effects of balance training using a virtual-reality system in older fallers. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 8, 257.
Latham, N.K., Anderson, C.S., Lee, A., Bennett, D.A., Moseley, A., & Cameron, I.D. (2003). A randomized, controlled trial of quadriceps resistance exercise and vitamin D in frail older people: the Frailty Intervention Trial in Elderly Subjects (FITNESS). Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 51(3), 291–299.
Luukinen, H., Lehtola, S., Jokelainen, J., Väänänen-Sainio, R., Lotvonen, S., & Koistinen, P. (2007). Pragmatic exercise-oriented prevention of falls among the elderly: a population-based, randomized, controlled trial. Preventive medicine, 44(3), 265-271.
Vogler, C.M., Sherrington, C., Ogle, S.J., & Lord, S.R. (2009). Reducing risk of falling in older people discharged from hospital: a randomized controlled trial comparing seated exercises, weight-bearing exercises, and social visits. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 90(8), 1317-1324.


text:
The 1992 Rice Owls football team was an American football team that represented Rice University in the Southwest Conference during the 1992 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their fourth year under head coach Fred Goldsmith, the team compiled a 6–5 record.

Schedule

References

Rice
Rice Owls football seasons
Rice Owls football

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
import { remote } from 'electron'
import * as React from 'react'

import { Dispatcher } from '../../lib/dispatcher'
import { initGitRepository, isGitRepository } from '../../lib/git'
import { Button } from '../lib/button'
import { ButtonGroup } from '../lib/button-group'
import { TextBox } from '../lib/text-box'
import { Row } from '../lib/row'
import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogFooter } from '../dialog'

const untildify: (str: string) => string = require('untildify')

interface IAddExistingRepositoryProps {
  readonly dispatcher: Dispatcher
  readonly onDismissed: () => void
}

interface IAddExistingRepositoryState {
  readonly path: string
  readonly isGitRepository: boolean | null
}

/** The component for adding or initializing a new local repository. */
export class AddExistingRepository extends React.Component<IAddExistingRepositoryProps, IAddExistingRepositoryState> {
  private checkGitRepositoryToken = 0

  public constructor(props: IAddExistingRepositoryProps) {
    super(props)

    this.state = { path: '', isGitRepository: false }
  }

  public render() {
    const disabled = this.state.path.length === 0 || this.state.isGitRepository == null

    const submitButtonText = this.state.isGitRepository
      ? (__DARWIN__ ? 'Add Repository' : 'Add repository')
      : (__DARWIN__ ? 'Create & Add Repository' : 'Create & add repository')

    return (
      <Dialog
        title={__DARWIN__ ? 'Add Local Repository' : 'Add local repository'}
        onSubmit={this.addRepository}
        onDismissed={this.props.onDismissed}>

        <DialogContent>
          <Row>
            <TextBox
              value={this.state.path}
              label={__DARWIN__ ? 'Local Path' : 'Local path'}
              placeholder='repository path'
              onChange={this.onPathChanged}
              autoFocus/>
            <Button onClick={this.showFilePicker}>Choose…</Button>
          </Row>
        </DialogContent>

        <DialogFooter>
          <ButtonGroup>
            <Button disabled={disabled} type='submit'>
              {submitButtonText}
            </Button>
            <Button onClick={this.props.onDismissed}>Cancel</Button>
          </ButtonGroup>
        </DialogFooter>
      </Dialog>
    )
  }

  private onPathChanged = (event: React.FormEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => {
    const path = event.currentTarget.value
    this.checkIfPathIsRepository(path)
  }

  private showFilePicker = () => {
    const directory: string[] | null = remote.dialog.showOpenDialog({ properties: [ 'createDirectory', 'openDirectory' ] })
    if (!directory) { return }

    const path = directory[0]
    this.checkIfPathIsRepository(path)
  }

  private async checkIfPathIsRepository(path: string) {
    this.setState({ path, isGitRepository: null })

    const token = ++this.checkGitRepositoryToken

    const isRepo = await isGitRepository(this.resolvedPath(path))

    // Another path check was requested so don't update state based on the old
    // path.
    if (token !== this.checkGitRepositoryToken) { return }

    this.setState({ path: this.state.path, isGitRepository: isRepo })
  }

  private resolvedPath(path: string): string {
    return untildify(path)
  }

  private addRepository = async () => {
    const resolvedPath = this.resolvedPath(this.state.path)
    if (!this.state.isGitRepository) {
      await initGitRepository(resolvedPath)
    }

    const repositories = await this.props.dispatcher.addRepositories([ resolvedPath ])

    if (repositories && repositories.length) {
      const repository = repositories[0]
      this.props.dispatcher.selectRepository(repository)
    }

    this.props.onDismissed()
  }
}


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Upcoming Novels 2019
Amy Harwell, CEO and Creative DirectorBlog2019 plans, A Christmas in Montana, author update, book series, books, christmas, embers on ice, fantasy, fiction, holiday romance, infinite spark, Kindle, magic, military, novels, romance, science fiction, scifi, selfpub, seriesLeave a comment
I'm a fan of book series, especially when the characters are close to my heart, wield blades like their own fingers, and can torch a planet with a single, negative thought. That said, I'm completing the Embers on Ice trilogy, publishing book 3 of Infinite Spark, and starting two new series. One is centered around Cohen, a rebellious student kicked out of his floating school, Skyfire. The second follows Marci and her pieced-together team as they break into a research facility to save one of their own, only to find out a far darker truth about its purpose. But I have a few stand-alone books planned as well in Women's Fiction and Holiday Romance.
Check out this visual rundown for the year:
A Promise in Ash
Norah has been planning for her career since she was a little girl. Her life has become everything she thought it wouldn't be: blessed with broken expectations and tormented by irresistible opportunity. When her father takes ill, her world snowballs into chaos and she must find the strength to pull the pieces of her shattered life together without his help. Unless this time, she finally decides to let it burn.
Shadows of the Son (Book 3: Infinite Spark)
Earth's secret identity has been unveiled leaving its surface in chaos. The Suanoan Empire's warships arrive earlier than expected. The Universal Protectors scramble to fight back amidst a collapsing society. Sergeant Bennett struggles more than most with his fiery metamorphosis and the knowledge and power of the universe that comes with it. His visions grow stronger and clearer everyday as do the urges to act on them. But he is bound by a Protector's rules and logic. Will he pull himself together in time to defend his homeworld or die at the hands of a hidden enemy on Earth?
"Sometimes it is hard to be strong for others when you feel like you're falling apart inside. I want to put myself back together first. But that takes time they may not have. They need me now. I can take a little more pain if it means saving them."
The third book was unreasonably long so I am moving some of it to book 4, Redshift. Book 3 will hopefully be ready in July!
Science Fiction, Cyberpunk, Apocalyptic
Wildfire (Book 2: Embers on Ice)
Orion's ex has left town, but not without one final warning: a bullet stashed in her coat pocket stamped with a B. Matt, her new interest, says he'll protect her. She doesn't know much about him, only that he doesn't know what Boone is truly capable of.
Not wanting to endanger Matt, Orion summons the courage to confront Boone herself only to find herself trapped. Face-to-face with the one person she never thought could betray her, Orion uncovers a secret that could tear apart her sleepy Montana hometown. Hands tied, she's forced to decide between freedom and justice. Will Matt forgive her for the choice she makes, or will he become entangled in the chain of fate?
Holiday Romance, Cozy/Sweet Romance
— Other Books I'm Hoping to Bring You Soon —
Hibiscus Christmas (Book 3: Embers on Ice)
This book is still under construction.
At the height of the holiday season, Matt has one extra special, and secret, gift for Orion. But what should be a delightful surprise takes an unpredictable turn when long-lost family reappears with their own derisive agendas. Can Matt and Orion keep their fledgling love safe from the tides of a family storm?
Holiday Romance, New Adult Fiction
The Kiss That Saved Christmas
Claire's husband passed two Christmases ago. Now the truck won't start, the road isn't plowed, and the last wedding is weeks away. Her former venue assistants were complete failures and her business is teetering on the edge. In a desperate attempt, she posts one last ad in the local newspaper. This time, she's in need of a man.
Universal War Novels
Book Review: Imprint By Nicholas Adams


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Metanipponaphis rotunda är en insektsart. Metanipponaphis rotunda ingår i släktet Metanipponaphis och familjen långrörsbladlöss. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Långrörsbladlöss
rotunda


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Q: Differential geometry conical surface Prove that all points on the general cone with vertex $(x_0,y_0,z_0)$ and generator $y(s)$ are elliptic or parabolic points.
I solved this problem somehow, but I got that all the points are elliptic so i got confused.
Firstly I'm not sure if I have chosen the right equation of the general cone with given vertex and generator, I took the parametric equation:
$x=(a*u*cos(v),a*u*sin(v),u)$
From this equation I found the coefficients of the second fundamental form L,M,N
$L=0$
$N=0$
$M=\frac{a*u}{\sqrt{1+a^2}}$
So $L*N-M^2=\frac{a^2*u^2}{1+a^2}>0$
 it means the points are elliptic. But I dont know how to prove that they might be parabolic too.
Or should I take the other equation for the general cone as $x=y(s)+u*g(s)$ where $g$ is a constant vector.Howerver I'm not sure if this equation is true.
thank you all for your help!

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Type what you see in the image:
Car Reviews Acura 2015 Acura TLX Review
2015 Acura TLX Review
Can the TLX Really Replace Two Cars?
By Mike Schlee Aug 04, 2014 Photos by Chris Blanchette. Video by Chris Blanchette.
Being a sea turtle isn't easy. Moments after taking their first breath, they have to embark on a death-defying crawl from the nest to the sea across a beach filled with predators waiting for an easy meal. It's estimated that only one in 1,000 baby sea turtles ever makes it to adulthood.
Engine: 2.4-liter four-cylinder, 206 HP, 184 lb-ft. 3.5-liter V6, 290 HP and 267 lb-ft.
Transmission: Eight-speed dual clutch automatic, nine-speed automatic
Fuel economy: 2.4-liter rated at 24 MPG city and 35 MPG highway, V6 front-wheel drive rated at 21 MPG city and 34 MPG highway.
Price: Starts at $30,995, fully loaded TLX V6 SH-AWD with the Advance Package costs $44,700.
The new 2015 Acura TLX can relate. Although we're quite certain more than 0.1 percent of TLXs will survive their first few years of existence, the road ahead for the compact luxury sedan is not going to be easy. Built as a replacement for both the Acura TL and TSX, the TLX must undertake the daunting task of competing with the heavyweights of the compact luxury sedan segment head-on.
Looks like an Acura
The TLX is instantly recognizable as an Acura thanks to familiar styling cues and the controversial corporate grille. Of course, like all new Acuras, the TLX features the Jewel Eye LED headlights as well as a whole complement of LED lighting around the exterior.
Claiming customers found the TL was a little too large for the class while the TSX wasn't sporty enough, Acura has built the TLX to bridge the gap between the two. With an overall length 3.8 inches shorter than the 2014 TL, the TLX rides on a nearly identical wheelbase and offers similar interior space. Adult passengers will have no issue fitting in the rear seats thanks to an understated 34.5 inches of rear legroom.
Feels like an Acura
All the usual luxury amenities are offered inside including heated and cooled front seats, the latest version of AcuraLink, Siri Eyes Free technology and an optional ELS 455-watt, 10-speaker audio system. The front seats provide good comfort and the materials used inside the TLX are what we expect from Acura, but nothing more. Soft and pleasant to the eye, the materials don't have a rich, upscale feel to them as found in some of the TLX's competition. The dual infotainment screens on the center stack, an Acura staple, are excellent.
SEE ALSO: Acura TLX GT to Race Against Porsches, Ferraris
Even if the exterior and interior of the TLX aren't exactly ground breaking, what's under the skin is. Two all-new engines and two innovative new transmissions have been fitted in the car. Base TLXs come with a new direct injection 2.4-liter four cylinder making 206 HP and 182 lb-ft of torque. Despite similar displacement numbers, this engine is not a carryover from the TSX.
Eight or Nine Speeds?
Paired exclusively to the four-cylinder is Acura's new eight-speed dual clutch transmission (DCT) that sends power to the front wheels through a torque converter. Unusual for a DCT, Acura installed a torque converter in this transmission to eliminate the jerky initial engagement found in most DCTs. We didn't get a chance to drive the car in any stop and go traffic, so it's hard to say if it works. What does work though is the short spaced gearing. Gears one through seven in the new transmission have shorter ratios than fifth gear did in the old five-speed automatic.
Gear changes are quick for both up shifts and down shifts and the new four cylinder loves to rev. Near redline, the four-pot does get a bit buzzy, but it's well worth the noise to play with all 206 HP and the downshift rev matching dual-clutch transmission.
SEE ASLO: 2013 Acura TL Review
If you want more power, there is a new 3.5-liter direct injection V6 that makes 290 HP and 267 lb-ft of torque. Not available with the eight-speed DCT, the V6 uses an equally innovative nine-speed automatic transmission. Unlike the four-cylinder TLX, the V6 is available with Super-Handling All-Wheel Drive, which now relies on a smaller rear differential that doesn't impede trunk space.
Drives like an Acura
The V6 and nine-speed auto are adequate for this car, but don't feel all that special. Throttle lag is noticeable in AWD-equipped models, especially outside of Sport Plus mode. Acura offers four drive modes with this model as part of what it calls an "Integrated Dynamics System" that offers the choice between fuel economy minded Econ mode, Normal, Sport and Sport Plus.
It might come as a surprise, but the more powerful model is also the less engaging car to drive. Capable cruisers on the highway, the V6 and nine-speed auto don't add up to be a joy to drive. Think of this combination more for the right lane crowd while the four-cylinder and DCT are better suited for left lane bandits.
TLX models with the V6 engine get an electronic gear selector that uses buttons to operate the transmission instead of a conventional shift lever. Acura claims this is to save space. It's unique looking, but it requires acclimation. For example, I kept grabbing for a shift lever that isn't there, sort of like reaching with your left foot for a clutch pedal after switching between cars with a manual and automatic.
Surprisingly Efficient
With so many gears available in either configuration, fuel economy ratings for the TLX are impressive. Four-cylinder models are expected to get 24 MPG city and 35 MPG highway while the front-wheel drive V6 TLX is rated at 21 MPG city and 34 MPG highway. All-wheel drive equipped V6 models lose three MPG on the highway, but Acura claims the car will average 25 MPG just like its front-wheel drive sibling.
The four-cylinder TLX has an entry level weight of 3,483 lbs and V6 models are lighter then similarly equipped 2014 TLs. Some of the weight savings comes from the new nine-speed automatic that is actually lighter than the old six-speed automatic in the TL.
"P-AWS" and "AHA"
Every TLX comes standard with Acura's Precision All-Wheel Steering (P-AWS) system that turns the rear wheels slightly, making the car more maneuverable. For those who want even better handling, there is Agile Handling Assist (AHA). This system uses the TLX's stability control to modulate the brakes individually, helping the car rotate through a corner better. Handling for all models is composed, but not overly sporty. Four-cylinder models feel noticeably lighter and more agile.
Pricing for the TLX will be aggressive with base models starting at just $30,995, which is less than a BMW 320i. Even a fully loaded TLX V6 SH-AWD with the Advance Package will cost only $44,700.
Discuss this car at our Acura TLX Forum
Acura is positioning the TLX against the likes of the Infiniti Q50, BMW 3 Series and Audi A4. That may seem a bit ambitious, but it depends on which TLX we're discussing. Although higher end versions of the TLX will have a tough time stacking up against this competition, the four-cylinder, dual-clutch version is an engaging, spacious, premium sedan at an excellent price. Even if Acura does not succeed in winning conquest sales, the manufacturer has built a car that should keep loyal customers happy.
Eight-speed DCT
Nine-speed automatic
Styling too familiar
Some interior finishes