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Tag: transition
Yes, I have a 'mental disorder.' But it's not being transgender.
It seems like every other week, some conservative with a podcast and an ax to grind announces that being transgender is a mental disorder — despite having no credentials that would actually, I don't know, make them qualified to diagnose someone.
And I'll be honest — it's frustrating to still hear this.
You don't have to look very far to get the general medical consensus. The World Health Organization and American Psychiatric Association have both affirmed that being transgender is not, in fact, a mental illness.
And while "gender dysphoria" can be medically diagnosed, this is specifically done to access gender-affirming care — not because being transgender is in itself a disorder.
It's true that some people really and truly don't get it. There are some folks that use this kind of language because they don't know how else to talk about the trans experience.
They don't know exactly what a "mental disorder" is or what it's like to be transgender. And they see that we're suffering and dysphoric — so they don't know how else to talk about it.
As someone who lives with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and also happens to be transgender, I can tell you upfront that there's just no comparison.
Being transgender and having a psychiatric illness aren't at all the same. Comparing them isn't just an "apples to oranges" situation — metaphorically speaking, we're not even in the same food group here.
And why is that? To start, let's talk about what mental illness is.
The American Psychiatric Association defines mental illness as a health condition that impacts thinking, emotion, and/or behavior in a way that creates distress. More often than not, this leads to difficulty functioning in social, work, and/or family activities.
For people who aren't transgender, they might look at this definition and come to the conclusion that trans people are mentally ill, because many of us do experience distress, and being transgender absolutely does impact how we think about ourselves and how we behave.
The problem is, it's not being transgender that, in and of itself, creates distress and dysfunction. It's the difficulty in trying to be who you are when the society around you is deeply hostile towards you.
It's not my gender identity that's caused me distress. It's moving through the world as a trans person.
If anything, identifying this way has brought me enormous relief and made me a happier person overall.
I started to experience distress because of how others treated me. I was distressed when I experienced invalidation, harassment, and rejection. I was distressed when I was closeted, trying to be something that I wasn't.
And my functioning was impacted when I couldn't access care, like hormones and surgery.
When I wasn't able to be who I was, and when I encountered violence and opposition because of it, that's when I was distressed.
When someone is suffering as a result of how the outside world treats them, especially when they are part of a group that has historically been marginalized, that's not a mental disorder.
The word you're looking for there is "discrimination."
The more "insane" thing to do would've been to keep pretending to be someone I wasn't, which was a much more agonizing experience for me.
Figuring out my gender wasn't a problem. In fact, it was a huge relief and it improved my life, so long as society did not interfere with my ability to transition. I'm far more mentally healthy now than I ever was prior to transition… by a long shot.
And that's why I consider my experiences with obsessive-compulsive disorder and my transgender identity to be — categorically — two very different things.
It's true that how society treats me because of my OCD, and a lack of accessibility to the therapies and medications I needed to thrive, were both contributing to my distress. Discrimination happens to people with mental illness, too, and it can have a profound impact on our lives.
But there's a component to my distress that originates outside of that mistreatment.
OCD — and the neurobiology behind it — creates patterns of thought, emotions, and behaviors that are in themselves distressing, even under the very best circumstances.
Labeling those patterns as a disorder is the quickest way to say, "There are aspects of my biology and brain chemistry — mixed in with my environment and genetics and everything that makes me a human — that create specific and unpleasant mental/emotional experiences for me."
Those patterns have been studied over the years, and they've been observed in many people who all respond similarly to particular solutions. The label exists to guide people like myself to the resources and solutions that will help reduce our suffering.
Many of these mental and emotional patterns associated with OCD feel at odds with who I am, and when I don't work to mitigate their impact, my mental health worsens.
Being transgender, though, feels in alignment with who I am, and when I am able to freely explore and express this part of myself, my mental health improves.
The unpleasant experiences that stem from OCD aren't reflective of who I understand myself to be; I feel more "myself" in the absence of those experiences.
As a transgender person, though, I feel more "myself" when I am able to embrace my gender identity. The more present I am in that experience, and the safer I feel in expressing that, the more whole I feel.
To call my transgender identity "disordered" implies that I need to minimize this part of my experience, but to be the very best (and healthiest) version of myself? I need the exact opposite.
The key differences here, then, are where that distress is coming from, and under what circumstances it improves.
Those two factors are where being transgender and being mentally ill diverge completely.
I don't experience distress when I think about being a gender other than what I was assigned at birth, and I don't experience distress from behaving accordingly. In fact, the more freely I am able to live my life in ways that align with my identity, the healthier I am.
But I do experience distress when I think, behave, and feel things as a result of the neurobiology we call "obsessive-compulsive disorder." And the more I'm able to minimize and manage the impact of those thoughts, behaviors, and emotions, the healthier I become.
In that way, these are totally opposite scenarios.
When we diagnose someone, we're essentially saying, "This pattern is present, but if it were less so, this person's mental health would improve."
So when you say that being transgender is a mental illness, you're saying that suppressing or minimizing that identity would then lead to mental health.
But this simply isn't the case. When trans people are able to be themselves and access gender-affirming care, their mental health outcomes are often better. This is especially true in situations where discrimination or violence is less likely, or in the case of youth, when they are supported by their families.
So by its very nature, being trans cannot be a mental illness — because invalidating and minimizing a trans person's identity has not been proven to positively affect their wellbeing.
It's the complete opposite.
If you were to classify being transgender as a mental illness, then, you would be making a recommendation to a clinician to treat us in a way that would not improve our health, which completely defeats the point of making any diagnosis in the first place.
But there are plenty of trans people who continually emphasize how much these attitudes harm us.
We don't need transgender people to stop being trans, nor do we need to further stigmatize our identities and experiences. Gender diversity is not an illness — a society that is hostile towards it, though, is far more distressing.
If diagnoses are meant to help improve a person's health, I'm still waiting to see any proof that labelling us mentally ill is actually improving our lives.
The sad reality is, many of the people who still insist that being transgender is a "disorder" don't actually care about our mental health.
Because let's be honest, if they did? They'd stop talking and do a much better job of listening.
People who are determined to label transgender people "mentally ill" — those who do so to rile people up on Twitter, not just because they haven't thought about this much — do so because it's a way of dehumanizing us.
It's a way of suggesting that we are delusional and that we aren't who we say we are. It implies that trans people need to be "cured" or "fixed," and that we shouldn't exist. To them, we're mistakes that never should have happened.
That mentality is used to justify a lot of the emotional and physical violence that wounds and even kills us, and it perpetuates the hostility and self-hatred that drives so many of us to suicide.
But I want to be crystal clear about something: my being transgender was never a mistake.
My path hasn't been an easy one in a lot of respects. But the strength and determination that I carry in my heart is part of a legacy — it comes from generations of transgender and gender nonconforming people, those who were willing to risk everything for a future they knew they might never see.
They stared down all of the dangers that came with that, showing up for each other and for a better world, so that one day, trans people like me could truly live. It's a legacy that I now have the privilege of inheriting, and it's one that I don't take for granted.
For me, being transgender is an honor — and every single day, I step into my life knowing that from the moment I was born, I arrived with a purpose.
I want a future where every trans person can become who they are with every ounce of safety, love, and affirmation they deserve. And if that's your definition of "crazy," it sounds like I have my work cut out for me.
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This is what I wish people who identify as 'truscum' would try to understand.
July 14, 2018 July 14, 2018 18 Comments
This is an open letter to transmedicalists.
I'm being direct this time, because I don't want to talk about you as if you are some faraway, distant other. I don't think that helps anything. You're real people, and no matter where we differ, I don't want to forget your humanity.
I've talked in the past about harassment that I'd experienced years ago from trans folks who identify as "truscum" (so, for outsiders, transgender people who believe gender dysphoria and medical transition are necessary to identify as trans — otherwise known as transmedicalists).
Most recently, I took to Twitter to vent about it. And, not surprisingly, a lot of you weren't super happy with me about it.
Your responses got me wondering if I could've done things a little differently. Because I'll be honest — I don't know that it ever occurred to me before then to speak to you directly.
I'm not going to pretend that I'm not angry or hurt. But I don't hate you, as some of you suggested. I just really, really want you to stop hurting other trans people.
Based on your responses, though, I wonder if you even realize that you're harming anyone. I think you're caught up in some of your own pain, too, and that doesn't make this conversation easy for anyone.
So I'm taking a deep breath and doing what I should've done in the first place — unpacking, very carefully, exactly what I'm struggling with. I'm going to explain as best I can why this "truscum" thing is upsetting for me as a trans person.
And I want to give you the benefit of the doubt, because even if you don't see me as part of your community, I still believe that you're part of mine.
Relentless optimist that I am, I like to think that someday trans folks might join hands around a campfire singing "Landslide" by Fleetwood Mac (I swear this song is a transgender anthem — just a personal, unrelated opinion of mine).
But I'd be pleased if we were just nicer to each other as a whole.
This is the longest blog I've ever written by far (sorry in advance). But if you're wondering if I'm coming from a genuine place? Rest assured, I wouldn't expend this much energy if I didn't care about this very deeply.
If you're rolling your eyes about how exhaustingly long it is, you can also bookmark it at any point and come back to it. It'll still be here. And I'm breaking it up with headers, so hopefully it'll be easy to find your place again.
So why am I even talking to you in the first place? That's a valid question.
To understand why, you'll need to know a little bit of my history.
The first thing you need to know is that I work in digital media. It's important to mention this upfront, because it's my public work as a transgender writer that got the attention of transmedicalists in the first place.
Back in 2015, I started receiving emails and tweets from self-identified "truscum" for a blog that I wrote about how much I hated the word "transtrender."
I didn't believe that the stance I took was especially controversial — but it drew a lot of attention to me as a trans person, and led to some targeted harassment, which continued for a while throughout my career.
The fact that I hadn't yet medically transitioned led these folks to start asking invasive questions about my body. They were barging into unrelated conversations on social media to tell folks I was an imposter, contacting my followers with conspiracy theories about my transition (I'd made it all up apparently), and otherwise trying to discredit my work.
And of course, I was misgendered. Just to add a little salt to the wound, I guess.
The reality is, at that point, I'd never said I didn't want to medically transition. It was that I couldn't.
Initially, in 2014, I'd had issues with my insurance because I'd moved across the country. After that, it was my mental health status that led clinicians to deny me access to transition-related care (if you're curious about how this nightmare happens, I interviewed other trans folks with similar experiences, and I wrote about it here).
So while this harassment campaign was happening, I was privately struggling with dysphoria that I could do literally nothing about. You'd hope that other trans people would see this as a rallying cry to demand better access to care. But these folks didn't.
Instead, transmedicalists told me my lack of medical interventions made me invalid.
In a word? It was traumatic. I felt betrayed by my own community; I thought if anyone was going to understand my struggle, it would be other trans people.
It didn't stop when I finally accessed hormones, either. Instead, transmedicalists had decided I was lying about that. When I posted a photo of me holding my testosterone gel, they suggested it wasn't my prescription, and then they decided that because I hadn't had surgery, I still couldn't be believed either way.
Never mind the fact that I was desperately trying to access care the entire time.
These were my very first experiences with "truscum."
I'll be honest — never in my wildest dreams did I think that the folks harassing me would be other transgender people.
And it wasn't just me, either. I watched this happen many times to others as well, including some of the advocates that I deeply respect and young trans folks who had only recently come out.
So I'll just be upfront and say… you all didn't exactly make the best first impression.
And I know, I know. You might be thinking, "But that wasn't ME! I didn't harass you! What has this got to do with me?"
I understand why the generalization might bug you.
But when you tell someone that they have the ability to determine who is and isn't transgender, some people will use that mentality to justify some really abhorrent behavior. Whether you're passively advocating for that or actively doing so, the ultimate result is that people then feel emboldened to play "gender police."
They feel emboldened to decide who is and isn't "trans enough." And that means people get hurt.
That's the crux of the issue for me. Regardless of what you're intending, people are getting hurt.
And I have yet to see folks who identify as transmedicalists acknowledge that this is happening, and that there are valid concerns here.
If you're still with me here — and if you are, I appreciate it — I want to explain to you exactly why transmedicalism as a concept is so troubling to me, with the hopes you can better understand the pain that I'm talking about.
Not because I want to lecture you or that I think you're incapable of googling this. It's just that I recognize it's possible that folks just didn't take the time to unpack it in a way you could hear it, and instead they became reactive in a way that felt dehumanizing to you.
So let's establish my starting place (or bias, whatever) here: It's true that I don't believe the presence of dysphoria is necessary to identify as transgender.
I understand that from the get-go, that can touch a few nerves. But I want to explain why I think that's an important place to start from, regardless of how it makes either of us feel.
I stand by those points in part because I don't think dysphoria is a helpful measure in the first place — which I'll explain in a moment.
I don't say this because I don't understand the knee-jerk reaction that can happen when someone says they haven't been dysphoric. Because yeah, dysphoria is painful. It sucks. When I got my first rejection while trying to access top surgery, I began abusing alcohol to cope — it was not a fun time for me. The pain nearly killed me.
I know it's hard to imagine someone as trans when they don't understand that kind of pain, especially when it's a pain you've known acutely for a very long time. I'm with you there.
I've reacted that way before, too. I'm human. Sometimes my first reaction to something isn't always my kindest one.
In a perfect world, we would have some reliable indicator or litmus test for helping folks to figure out if they were trans or not — some singular measurement that erases all doubt. As a fan of simplicity myself, I get the appeal.
But the reality isn't so simple — many trans people suppress those feelings of dysphoria, or they misinterpret them and struggle to connect them to their gender.
This can make it impossible to discern — especially as an outsider — if dysphoria is present. Requiring dysphoria to identify as transgender, for that reason alone, has way too much room for error.
A personal example: I've actually experienced some level of dysphoria for my entire life… I just didn't know initially what it was.
I don't want to do a deep dive into my history here, but suffice to say, the background that I came from made it very difficult to question my own gender safely.
So I experienced dysphoria, instead, as feeling profoundly self-hating and "ugly" (I wrote about this previously in this article, if you're wondering). No one else saw me as ugly or ever said I was, but it was a feeling I couldn't shake. I felt like, no matter what I did, nothing made that feeling go away.
I just thought it was a stupid teenager thing. Except that "stupid teenager thing" didn't go away and I became a self-hating, uncomfortable, gross-feeling adult.
If you had met me when I came out in 2012, you would've said that there was no freaking way I was transgender. I knew I was miserable and I knew I hated how I looked, but "dysphoria" wasn't a part of my vocabulary yet. While it had always been there on some level, I didn't have any way to interpret what it meant.
And this isn't an uncommon experience, trust me. Plenty of trans people come out and are still learning how to describe their experiences. For those folks, it's sometimes much, much later on that they realize there was some dysphoria happening for them. Sometimes the label comes first — and that's valid.
I didn't grasp how severe it was for me until after surgery. Only when my dysphoria was considerably diminished did I understand just how heavy it was to begin with.
It was a kind of misery I was accustomed to, to the point where I was the fish in the bowl that couldn't really see the water. You know what I mean? But now that I'm post-op, it's like I've experienced a kind of joy and ease that I didn't know was possible.
There's also folks for whom their feelings of dysphoria progressively appear or worsen overtime.
I think of this as a kind of "hibernation." People suppress all kinds of emotions, and dysphoric ones aren't some magical exception. But as they start to experiment with language, and explore their identity and expression, those feelings start to surface. As the outside world begins to reject them, that can trigger those feelings they've managed to push down as well.
Some people also experience dysphoria only in the form of dissociation, or a state of unreality, numbness, or disconnection. They might not connect this to their gender at all, because it's not an emotional state they can necessarily identify so quickly in the first place.
For trans people with other mental health challenges, trauma and mental illness might interfere with their understanding of their gender, and dysphoria becomes attributed to other causes (I also wrote about that here).
In other words, our brains work extra hard to try to protect us, which can make self-perception as a trans person a little wonky.
That's what brains do with any kind of trauma. And this can show up as a total break from our own sense of dysphoric feelings, or misunderstanding the source or nature of those feelings. It's more common than you'd think.
So when a trans person says they don't experience dysphoria? It might be their truth at that particular stage in transition. But that doesn't mean it always will be. Those feelings could surface in the future, become better understood and recognized overtime, or progressively appear as it becomes safer to process them.
But if we accuse trans folks of being imposters from the start, we might closet them before they ever figure any of that out.
So for me? One of the big problems with transmedicalism as a concept is its potential for "friendly fire." When you use dysphoria as this "infallible" meter stick, you actually end up excluding a lot of trans people who are traumatized or vulnerable, and arguably most in need of support, especially if they're emerging from denial or dissociation.
Transmedicalists are more likely to harm someone who is trans than successfully cast out an "imposter." Because in actuality, more of us are traumatized than faking it.
When I first came out, I said that I didn't want hormones and I wasn't sure I wanted surgery. I am definitely the kind of "transtrender" that you would've rallied against (and, well, you did for a while).
Looking back, I have to laugh out loud. I can't imagine not having medically transitioned.
With proper mental health care and, yes, incredible community support, I was able to get to a place where I could identify this resistance as a fear of rejection by society and my family especially. I was in deep denial because I was afraid of what would happen if I transitioned.
I didn't want to lose my family. So instead, I lost myself. It took a long time (and a lot of support) to really come to terms with that.
That's the thing, though: I needed space, support, time, and compassion to be able to figure out my path.
As of 2018, I've been on testosterone for a few years now, which drastically improved my life and my mental health. And I've had top surgery, which was the single best decision I've ever made. I am so much healthier and happier now.
But when you use a singular measure like dysphoria to decide if someone is worthy of those things, you run the risk of doing a lot of harm to folks who aren't "faking" anything — folks like me who needed to process things before they could make the right choice.
And there are plenty of reasons why medical transition isn't an easy decision, too.
Some people can't access it for financial reasons or are denied access by clinicians. Some folks have chronic illnesses that would make medical transition risky or undesirable. Some folks might consider it safer to remain closeted. Some folks are in abusive environments where they can't even begin to contemplate something like this.
And for some folks, right here and right now? They just don't want to or aren't ready to.
Maybe they're questioning, maybe they're afraid, maybe they're overwhelmed, or maybe they're just fucking tired. That could change and that may not… but it's not up to us.
It's not our business why and it's definitely not our place to interrogate them, especially because we run the risk of doing serious harm for folks who might be going through some shit — shit that maybe they don't even understand yet and can't articulate.
You just. Never. Know.
It's kind of like that quote, about how everyone is fighting their own battle. Even if it's a battle you can't see — because with trans folks especially, it's the battles we can't see that most often define our experiences.
So listen, I'll give you this: Some disagreement over how we define "transgender" is bound to happen. It's not the disagreement part that I necessarily take issue with.
It's miraculous (and incredibly rare) that anyone agrees unanimously about anything. There are some people, for example, who don't like Nutella, and that I will literally never understand. The difference here is that when someone tells me they don't like Nutella, no one is actually being harmed in the process.
I acknowledge that there are going to be growing pains for our community, and I think this is part of that. These aren't the first pains, and they won't be the last. Historically, in every community ever, there have been divisions and disputes.
What I'm questioning here isn't the definition of transgender. It's what actually happens in the real world when we rely on your definition specifically.
Using dysphoria or medical transition as the way to define transness results in gatekeeping — and gatekeeping doesn't work, because it's too easy to get it wrong. And when we get it wrong? Trans people get hurt. Period.
The people who end up hurt most often (like, overwhelmingly so) aren't actually faking anything and just wouldn't benefit from doing so.
I was one of those trans people when transmedicalists harassed me in 2015. I was struggling to identify and understand my own dysphoria. I was being denied access to gender-affirming care by clinicians. I was struggling with PTSD and mental illness.
It was a battle you couldn't see, and instead of offering empathy, I was harmed by folks who should've stood by me.
Are there trans people who haven't experienced dysphoria and never, ever will? There could be.
Regardless of what you think, I'm not convinced that the existence of trans folks who don't presently experience dysphoria is justification for disbelieving people who come out of the closet.
Those folks might want to access transition-related care in the future anyway, because it could make them happier or healthier. They might uncover that they have been dysphoric as they learn more and gain more hindsight.
Which means that either way you slice it, you can't know for sure if someone is transgender or isn't, even by your own definition — because people change and grow all the time.
Otherwise, I apparently wasn't transgender in 2012 but I was in 2014. I wasn't transgender when I was too traumatized to grasp it, but I was when I was able to access and process my emotions. Which… doesn't make any sense.
Personally? I think gender identity is a diverse and complex thing — which to me is pretty exciting — but we might never agree there, I realize.
But you don't have to understand their experience to respect their process.
Folks need to be able to explore their gender identity without hostility, because we simply don't know their internal reality and we never will. The paradoxical reality is that the more fiercely you try to keep "outsiders" out of the trans community, the more likely you are to hurt trans people.
It's not effective. It's not helpful. It serves no other purpose than to hurt people.
So if someone says they're transgender? You should believe them (or at least leave them alone, okay?), no matter how you choose to define "transgender" at the end of the day. The risk of driving a trans person deeper into the closet is simply too great.
It's far more important to make sure that anyone who is questioning their gender has options and support, and that those options are protected no matter what, than trying to suss out who does or doesn't "belong."
So the moment they say "I'm transgender," I congratulate them and I move on. What the hell do I know? That's between them, their support network, their therapist, and whoever else they choose to involve.
Otherwise, there's too good a chance that a transgender person who needs support will be denied it, just because of a misguided assumption about how they're presenting in a particular moment.
We already get that from cis people constantly. Let's not be like them, okay?
That's why, when I define transgender as "identifying as a gender other than the one you were assigned at birth," I do so with very intentional openness.
I want to be inclusive of folks who are questioning, and I want to give folks permission to evolve or change their minds, because that's the only way to ensure that trans people can make the choices that are best for them.
The reality is, very few trans people emerge from the womb with an immediate and full understanding of their identity.
But people don't make awesome choices when they're being shouted at or put on the defense. Or in my case, harassed. Transitioning within a community that feels like a pressure cooker, demanding a particular kind of conformity, is never going to lead to the best possible outcomes.
And honestly? Asking trans people to put the horse before the cart — to know what they need and who they are before they can entertain a label — isn't how a lot of folks actually operate.
The label is often what connects folks to more information, support, and self-discovery. It helps them uncover what they've suppressed and who they might become. So being possessive over the label actually winds up failing a lot of folks in the community, because they need the language before they can find a framework to operate from.
I want to say, too, that I understand it might be hard to let go of that impulse to judge.
When we identify with our struggles, it can feel insulting when someone who hasn't struggled in the same exact way takes on a label that has so much meaning to us — a label that you feel you've earned, while others seem to just be sauntering right up and grabbing it.
Even so, I think we need to all agree — at the very, very least — that this is much more complicated than simply walking up to a label and dropping it into your identity shopping cart.
We're talking about psychology, culture, language, trauma, biology, intimacy, sexuality, even spirituality — what aspect of the human experience is gender NOT touching on? And that's ultimately why I think reductionist definitions fail us as a community.
Gender is messy and abstract. If it weren't, we wouldn't be debating it literally all the damn time. The very fact that we don't agree on this is simply proof that this is a complex thing we're dealing with here.
And for that reason alone, I recognize that we will probably never agree 100% on what it means to be transgender. But I don't think we have to — we just need to agree on how to treat one another.
You know, with respect.
So what do we do, then? For me, I'm just trying to do the least amount of harm. I'm asking you to consider doing the same.
There are so many different paths that people take to arrive at an understanding of themselves.
But if we close the door too swiftly on people who aren't exactly like us, we run the risk of shutting the door on someone who needs us — someone with whom we might share a lot more in common with than we'd expect.
Personally, I don't think people choose to be trans in a world that isn't terribly kind towards trans people. And even if they did put on some kind of weird act, I've accepted that I can never know that for sure, nor can I really do anything about it.
But I can be kind and gracious with the hopes that, wherever folks end up, they find the path that's right for them. Extending that kindness to them doesn't harm me in any way, shape, or form.
At the end of the day, it's more important (to me, anyway) to create a community that allows trans folks to thrive. Gatekeeping doesn't allow for that — it makes us suspicious of each other, callous, and combative.
If we want trans people to be able to come out, we have to make our community a safe enough place for them to do so.
When I came out in 2012, I had so many incredible trans folks to look to, and I owe so much of my happiness and health to them now. If I hadn't had their support, I would still be closeted, if I'd even be alive today.
Every person deserves the chance to question their gender and explore it freely, without pressure, harassment, or gaslighting. This isn't just a "be nice" issue — this is about the mental health and resilience of this community.
And I so badly want to believe that the majority of transmedicalists don't actually approve of the harassment that folks like me have experienced, and don't want to see what happened to me happen to anyone else.
I want to believe that if they knew the full story and really thought it through, they would've been there for me, as a trans person who knows how hard it is to be trans.
But the only way to guarantee that we aren't caught in the snares of gatekeeping, and harming one another, is if we end this culture of interrogation altogether.
When in doubt, we need to do the kind thing instead, and let people live. You may not understand where they are in their journey right now, but they deserve the freedom and dignity to walk that path and see where it leads them. They deserve all the time and space they need to figure it out.
They may or may not continue on that path — but it's not for us to decide.
I've given you all the benefit of the doubt here, because I believe every one of us deserves it.
Will you please extend the same to other folks in this community?
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Transgender people shouldn't have to lie about their mental health. But many do.
Until this last year, accessing top surgery was a losing battle for me. But it's not because of where I live, my health insurance, or any of the other typical barriers you might imagine when trans people are looking for care.
It's because I'm mentally ill.
I live with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and complex trauma; I'm also transgender. And I've found that, at this particular intersection, accessing the health care I need has been an uphill battle.
I've been denied care numerous times over the years, under the premise that I was too mentally ill to undergo a major surgery — ignoring that gender dysphoria, an acutely painful experience for many trans people, was contributing to my poor mental health.
It took two years to be placed on a waitlist for surgery, when a therapist finally decided that I was "stable" enough (without any explanation of what that actually means).
And it wasn't just surgery that was made difficult. Psychiatrists in the past have encouraged me to stop taking testosterone, convinced it was making me "worse." While hospitalized for depression, I had nurses trying to withhold my hormones because they didn't feel it was "necessary."
This last January, I finally got top surgery and I now have consistent access to hormone replacement therapy. But I still live in fear that, should my mental health decline again, I won't have access to the gender-affirming care that has vastly improved my life and wellbeing.
Frustrated by my own experiences, I started reaching out to other trans people with mental illness to see if they'd encountered similar challenges — and I was horrified by what I found.
"A lot of doctors I saw questioned my ability to handle hormones as someone with a history of depression and self-harm," Luke, a non-binary trans man in Ontario shared with me.
Could that history really justify someone being denied hormones altogether? I was wondering that, too. So I did a little research on the literature we have. And… it's not exactly helpful, to say the least.
The World Professional Association for Transgender Health (WPATH) created their Standards of Care. The SOC are, more or less, the most recognized clinical guidelines for treating transgender patients. They advocate for an "informed consent" model: allowing for trans people, once fully informed of the risks and benefits of treatment, to choose for themselves the right path forward.
The standards also advocate for competent treatment of co-existing mental health conditions with the use of therapy and medications, where appropriate.
But if you look closer, you'll find that they are limited in how they discuss treatment of mentally ill trans people. "Clients should be assessed for their ability to provide educated and informed consent for medical treatments," it reads, without actually offering adequate guidelines for what this looks like in practice.
It also states that, before surgery is considered for someone with severe psychiatric disorders and impaired reality testing (so delusions or hallucinations, really), "an effort must be made to improve these conditions with psychotropic medications and/or psychotherapy before surgery is contemplated."
This raises a really important question: How, exactly, do we measure "improvement" in mentally ill trans people?
And if there isn't significant enough improvement, is a trans person simply in limbo, unable to access transition-related care?
Mentally ill trans people, then, are ultimately left to the whims of whatever mental health clinician they happen to be seeing — with very little recourse if they disagree with that clinician's assessment of their readiness for care.
The SOC directly list conditions like psychosis, bipolar disorder, dissociative identity disorder, and borderline personality disorder as mental illnesses that could impact "readiness for surgery."
But in a document of 120 pages, the SOC actually say very little on how, exactly, to assess at what point a mentally ill trans person might be "ready" to access surgery. Until this is made clearer, transgender people are put in an impossible position of deciding whether or not it's safe to disclose their mental health status.
Interestingly, WPATH — and the overwhelming majority of care providers who work with transgender people — agrees that gender-affirming care is medically necessary. What's puzzling is that, in almost any other context, mental health status would not preclude someone from medically-necessary care for any other condition.
Gender-affirming care somehow seems to be an exception, reinforcing the notion that trans-related care is "optional."
The most direct mention of denying access to surgery in the Standards of Care reads, "No surgery should be performed while a patient is actively psychotic."
This seems to be the only statement that a trans person can point to when they encounter obstacles, but given the other mentions of "readiness" and "improvement," there are still too many ambiguities— and too many clinicians who aren't at all familiar with the SOC to begin with.
Not to mention, none of this helps trans people with more severe mental health challenges who still need to access care.
It's worth noting, too, that disorders like borderline personality disorder — which is flagged as a potential issue in the SOC — include an "unstable sense of self" as a diagnostic criteria, as well as difficulty trusting others and recurrent suicidality.
Coincidentally, these sound an awful lot like issues any trans person could struggle with simply because they are transgender.
In other words? Any trans person could be denied care if a clinician who's unfamiliar with this population misdiagnoses them. In fact, at the time at which I was denied surgery, I myself was misdiagnosed as borderline. When that diagnosis no longer applied, I finally found myself on the waitlist.
While some boundaries surely need to exist, the utter lack of clarity in these guidelines means that trans people with any mental health struggle are at risk.
I spoke to Traci Lowenthal, a licensed psychologist that has worked closely with the transgender community. Most of the time, she shared, "mental illness should not be a barrier to getting necessary trans health care."
The keyword here being, of course, "should."
When assessing the readiness of a mentally ill trans person to pursue surgery, the most important factors, she says, are safety and the ability to consent.
So long as they can provide informed consent and keep themselves safe (the example she gives is proper hygiene and medication compliance post-surgery), there should be no barrier in accessing gender-affirming care.
"If a person has delusions," she continued, "it would be ideal if their mental health provider could help them prepare for how those delusions may impact them while they receive medical care and during recovery."
Compare this to my two-year battle to access surgery. It wasn't because I was delusional — I was told, in essence, that I was too depressed to undergo surgery. There was no effort made to determine if surgery might improve that depression, and if there could be ways to better prepare for surgery in that state of mind.
The end result? Transgender people are scared to be honest about their mental health. And this has serious consequences.
I spoke with Ghost (a pseudonym), a trans person in Detroit, Michigan, who experiences schizoaffective disorder, delusions, and anxiety. For them, this has meant a constant fear of interference and mistrust in clinicians. "I am absolutely terrified that my mental health status will be used against me [in transitioning]," they explained.
"I've already experienced 'the look' from a medical professional," they went on. "The one they use when you tell them [your mental health status], and they're suddenly very skeptical of you."
And with disorders like schizophrenia and borderline disorder especially, all of the trans folks I spoke to said they encountered disbelief when disclosing they were transgender, simply because they had one of these illnesses.
Some trans people have resorted to hiding their mental health history, or outright lying about their mental health status to providers. Others postponed psychiatric treatment altogether to ensure they could first transition without interference, which included forgoing psychotropic medications they desperately needed.
The unfortunate reality is, clinicians can't adequately prepare someone for the specific challenges of medical transition if they don't know about their client's mental health status. And of course, when trans people have greater reluctance to seek out psychiatric care during their transition, they're unlikely to get the support they need for the best possible outcome.
The fact that trans people should have to choose between gender-affirming care OR mental health care is unjust. Access to both is critical, especially for such a vulnerable population.
Trans people face an extraordinary risk for suicide — but if they fear disclosing their mental health struggles, they are likely to suffer in silence. This puts their lives in danger.
And when a trans person with mental illness is, indeed, denied access to care, the path forward is equally unclear.
Florence Ashley, transfeminine activist and LL.M. candidate at McGill University — with a special focus on bioethics and transgender health care policy — highlights just how much of a grey area this is.
Pointing again to the WPATH Standards of Care, she notes, "The only case that WPATH describes as precluding surgery is while the patient is 'actively psychotic.'"
The rest, she agrees, is murky at best. "As with many issues faced by trans people, the best we can do is extrapolate from sources of law that have yet to be applied to the specific issue," Ashley said, noting that a case might be made on the grounds of medical liability and professional ethics.
However, there appears to be no legal precedent for trans people specifically to look to when making such a case.
"This really ties back to a core problem in trans law," she continues. "At some point, policymaking bodies will have to take up responsibility and pass enforceable policies and laws on trans-specific problems in collaboration with trans communities. Otherwise, we're always going to be left behind."
It's evident, then, that more research and attention is needed to properly support trans people with mental health struggles. We need clearer guidelines, direct policies, and competent clinicians who are prepared to work with trans people regardless of mental health status.
For the transgender people who fear that they will not be able to access gender-affirming care, however, this offers very little comfort.
"I'm constantly worrying that someone will look more deeply into my history and see attempts, hospitalizations, a history of self-harm, and take it all away," Tamsin, trans woman in Vancouver confessed.
While she finally has access to hormones, she fears it isn't guaranteed. "[It will] cause me at least some anxiety for life."
I'm Transgender. But Trust Me, I'm Just As Surprised As You Are.
I'm glad that there are transgender people who knew who they were from the time they were very young. I'm just… not one of them.
As a kid, I honestly didn't give much thought to gender. I did find myself confused from time to time as to why gender roles existed — in my mind, I didn't perceive myself as being any different from my older brother, so there were moments when imposed expectations felt grating.
But gender wasn't something I gave a lot of thought to. It didn't feel especially present in my early life.
As someone who struggles with mental illness, my teen years were largely defined by my difficulties with complex trauma and obsessive-compulsive disorder. I didn't have the luxury of contemplating who I really was. Gender seemed to be an avenue to desirability and outside approval. It was a role that I was cast for, rather than an identity I could consider. So I played the part, reluctantly. What else was I supposed to do?
My first conscious questioning of gender was when I was watching television as a freshman in college. I saw an androgynous person on television, and I remember thinking to myself, "That seems like it would be so much better… no expectations, just being." It planted a seed for me. I didn't know what "transgender" meant at that time. I just knew that I was drawn to this idea of gender ambiguity, for reasons I couldn't quite place.
I remember going to my boyfriend at the time, telling him that I was thinking about cutting my hair off and maybe changing up the clothes I wore. This possibility excited me, but it repulsed him. "I don't think I'd be attracted to you anymore," he explained. "I think your femininity is what makes you attractive." Fearful that I would be rejected by those close to me, I pushed my gender questioning to the very darkest corner of my mind.
I grew up very sheltered. My world was tiny, all things considered. And while some transgender folks know immediately and intuitively who they are, I spent many years living the life I was told I should be living. My way of coping with trauma and mental illness was to mirror the expectations people had of me, with the hopes of avoiding further harm. The more I could blend in, the more protected I felt.
In a world that deliberately pushes us into very restrictive gender roles, questioning those roles can feel deeply unsafe. A delayed timeline doesn't make us impostors; it's an expected consequence of living in such a cisnormative world.
It shouldn't surprise us that so many people more readily repress their gender questioning before embracing it. For trans folks who already feel unsafe, we often can't access the questions we need to in order to become who we're meant to be. Many of us still lack possibility models, information, and safety, all of which can delay those important realizations that push us forward.
Repressing the desire to question or explore gender can be a very important and valid form of self-protection. That was definitely true for me.
My life ultimately changed when I met another transgender person in university. They were living the life that I had imagined when I first saw that androgynous character on television — they were completely gender-ambiguous, occupying an in-between space that I'd only pictured in my mind. I immediately felt drawn to them, and as I got to know them, I found the courage to begin exploring my own gender, too.
Family and friends that had known me for a long time were shocked. I didn't really know what to say, other than to reply, "Hey, I'm surprised, too."
Because in many ways, I was. With every step of my transition, I worried that I was making some kind of mistake. Shouldn't I have realized this sooner? Could this really be a weird phase? Why now? Why this?
But with each change — clothes, pronouns, hormones, and most recently, surgery — I became a happier, more confident and self-assured person. The knots that had been in my stomach for as long as I could remember came undone; my social anxiety and agoraphobia started to melt away. I found an inner peace that I never knew was possible for myself.
I came alive. And… well, it really did surprise me.
And while I can look back at my history and see how this path makes sense (the video game characters I identified most strongly with are… pretty telling, honestly), that realization only comes in hindsight. While I never enthusiastically or even explicitly identified as a girl or woman, I didn't exactly imagine an alternative until I was much older.
I'm not alone. In my time as a public figure in the community, I've found this to be a totally normal experience for many of the transgender folks that I've talked with.
I know plenty of trans people who are similarly surprised to be transgender. And why shouldn't we be? Society tells us in a thousand different ways that trans people are rare oddities, terrible mistakes, or worse, simply don't exist at all.
When I got surgery a couple weeks ago, I remember being wheeled into the operating room and thinking, "Am I seriously doing this?" I knew that this was what I needed, and yet I was still floored that this was something I had to endure. Yet when I woke up, the relief I felt was immediate and palpable. My first thought was, "Why didn't I do this ten years ago?"
Being a particularly effeminate trans man, I think my process took much longer because society is so limited still in its understanding of gender. It took a lot to reconcile the fact that I could be especially feminine but still need transition and move through the world being perceived as a man.
Being seen as a feminine woman made me profoundly uncomfortable, and yet somehow, being seen as a queer, feminine man feels authentic and empowering. This is something I've simply learned about myself with time, kind of in the same way I've learned anything else about who I am. Trying new things, seeing what feels right, and going with my gut.
One thing I continually hear from loved ones of trans people is some iteration of, "I had no idea. Why didn't I see it?" What these folks fail to realize is that, chances are, their transgender loved one didn't necessarily see it right away, either.
Some of us take years, even decades to arrive at a safe place to explore our gender. I try to imagine telling teenage Sam that he was, in fact, a boy — and that he'd eventually transition medically to live his most authentic life — and it's laughable to me. It would've been as foreign to me then as it was to most of my loved ones when I came out.
"Trans… gender?" I likely would've asked. "What the heck do you mean?"
I do wonder what my process would've looked like in a society that is more encouraging of questioning and exploring gender. I like to think that the realization would've happened for me much sooner, though I can't know for sure.
For now, though, I find some comfort in creating space for trans people to be surprised. We absolutely deserve the space to be shocked, particularly in a society that often interrogates trans people's identities before accepting them. Of course we're surprised. When cis is presented as the only option, it can be shocking to realize we could be anything else.
Our genders are valid, even if our process has shocked us, confused us, or evaded us.
I'm transgender, and most days, it still surprises me. But being surprised doesn't change who I am. In fact, it's one of the best surprises my life has given me.
Photo by Angello Lopez on Unsplash
Maybe being transgender wasn't a mistake.
This article previously appeared at Ravishly, republished here.
I've been on testosterone for two months now. And while I do not believe in fate or in some kind of intelligent design, nothing in my life has felt closer to fate than this.
I find myself saying, "This was supposed to happen to me." When I meet myself in the mirror, and I feel this electric and palpable ecstasy that travels across my body, I am convinced that this is the truth – my truth.
I have never savored something, loved something quite so deeply as this: The hairs on my hands, the contours of my face, the shapes and the smells and the erotic energy that swirl around in my brain.
"This is right," I find myself saying, and my friends look at me, bewildered and happy, as if I've said the most obvious thing that could ever be said, and they tell me each and every time, "We know, Sam. We know."
Two months on testosterone – while it may not have been fate, I'm exactly where I'm supposed to be.
Do you know the feeling of falling in love?
Where suddenly your world is bigger, brighter, beautiful in a way that it never was before?
Transition has been a slow, steady fall. Every day I see myself more clearly and I feel love in ways I haven't loved before; I find flowers growing where they never grew before.
When I was a college student, I wrote a research paper on the idea of "lucid dying" in Tibetan Buddhism – the notion that, if we were enlightened enough, we could be aware as we came undone and transitioned from life to death.
My transition, not of death but of gender, has given me a kind of clarity of mind. I feel aware of every inch of my body. I swear, sometimes I can feel the choreography of my cells as they shift and grow and divide.
And I start to wonder if my body was never wrong. Maybe this transition is somehow a gift. The gift of lucidity, maybe. A kind of connection between body and mind that is so rare that some of us go our entire lives without feeling it.
Maybe the pain of being transgender is not random chaos in the universe, not my shame nor my mistake, but instead, the pangs of a deeper awareness.
I wouldn't go so far as to say I'm enlightened, but I am wide awake.
A hairdresser mistook me for a woman the other day and I laughed.
I'd never laughed about being misgendered before. But somehow, when she made the mistake, I found it funny because I thought, does she not see that I'm glowing? Does she not feel what I feel?
Because I could've sworn that this light that I'm carrying inside of me could be seen from outer space.
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No, Cis People, Being Trans Is Not a Self-Esteem Issue
"I have a lot of sympathy for transgender people," someone once told me. "I know a little something about what it's like to hate yourself, to hate your body."
I can appreciate when cis folks (who haven't lived the trans experience) try to create bridges of understanding and empathy with trans people. I think flexing those muscles and building on your compassion is an important part of solidarity.
However, when those attempts miss the point – and ultimately uphold stereotypes that harm trans people – it warrants a serious discussion about how exactly cis people have come to understand trans people.
The "self-hating trans person" trope is widely used as a point of reference for cis people and fuels a lot of misunderstanding around the trans experience. In a nutshell, it's assumed that what makes a person transgender is that they hate themselves, hate the bodies they inhabit, and thus transition because they don't like themselves.
Simply put, the idea that being transgender is a "self-esteem" problem just isn't true.
Which isn't to say that self-hatred isn't an experience for some trans people.
Struggles with mental health are a staggering reality for us. But this narrative around the "self-hating trans person" is a false one. It oversimplifies and misrepresents the experiences of most trans people.
I want to unpack, in more detail, exactly why this trope is so harmful.
Here are four reasons why this myth needs to be put to rest – and the real harm it does when we perpetuate it.
1. It Ignores the Impact of Systemic Oppression
A lot of the pain that trans folks suffer is at the hands of an oppressive system, and it has nothing to do with the feelings we have about ourselves personally.
When we diminish the struggles of trans people as a personal problem, we completely neglect the systemic forces that cause immense suffering.
The state of transgender folks' mental health is dire, but it's not necessarily because we're transgender.
When we're hated by the culture at large, have our rights routinely denied, face the looming threat of violence and even death, struggle to access adequate healthcare, and are ostracized by our communities, how can we be expected to feel positively about our transitions and ourselves?
The transgender struggle is not just one of self-hatred – it's one of trans-antagonism, and existing in a world that doesn't recognize our humanity. Too often, that dehumanization becomes an internalized struggle, and we begin to hate ourselves not because we're transgender, but because we're taught from a young age to relate to ourselves in a violent way.
However, if you equate being transgender with being self-hating, as if it's a natural condition of our lives, you overwrite the systemic origins of our suffering.
And in doing so, there is no accountability to create a world that is safe and affirming for trans people. It's reduced to a personal issue with us, rather than a systemic issue that cisgender people must take responsibility for.
Instead of assuming that all trans people are self-hating, the better question to consider is what kind of world we've created in which this kind of suffering is permitted and even expected.
2. It Imposes One Narrative onto All Trans People
This trope is a fallacy because there are plenty of trans people who don't hate themselves. Full stop.
Our community is layered, complex. We have a variety of feelings about our identities, our bodies, and our transitions. To condense those experiences into a singular narrative and emotion does us a huge disservice: It completely erases the diverse experiences that exist within our community.
Some trans people hate their bodies, and some don't. Some trans people hate being trans, and some take pride in it. Some trans people wish they'd been born cis, but others are glad to be trans.
There is no right or wrong way to be trans – but it's problematic to assume all trans people share the same narrative and experience.
For me, personally, I don't feel self-hatred in the way that cis people assume I do. I hate the ways that society has forced me to pretend to be something I'm not, and sometimes I even hate the body that obscures my truth. But I never hate myself as trans or otherwise.
I have a deep compassion and appreciation for myself and everything I've survived. Many trans people do.
The best way to build empathy for a trans person is to tune in when they share their experiences, and believe them when they do. Instead of relying on tropes and looking for misguided shortcuts to understand us, seek out trans people (plural!) who are willing to give you the benefit of their lived experience.
3. It Fundamentally Misunderstands Gender
Being transgender is not a self-esteem issue.
This implies that if trans people saw a therapist and worked out their feelings, their gender would somehow change, and they would magically become cis.
This just isn't true.
When you say that transgender people just hate themselves, you overlook how truly complex gender is – and you assume that cisgender people are "right" and neutral, while transgender people are "wrong" and broken.
The trope of the "self-hating trans person" relies on one huge (and very wrong) assumption: namely, that being cis is the natural state of being that we reject out of disdain, instead of cis and trans folks' genders being equally valid and authentic.
This completely undermines the sincerity and legitimacy of transgender experiences.
Claiming a transgender identity isn't about rejecting the gender we were somehow meant to have because our self-esteem is too low. It's about rejecting who we were wrongly said to be.
Being transgender is about embracing and manifesting who we actually are in a society that invalidates us, marginalizes us, and rejects us as trans. We can hate the (often violent) imposition of gender upon us without actually hating ourselves.
Gender is a deeply personal identity that we come to know throughout our lives. It's who we are and how we relate to the world, to our bodies, to our culture, and to ourselves. The way that trans people arrive at that understanding is often very different from cis people, but it's not inherently better or worse, and it's certainly not flawed.
Asking to be recognized as we actually are is not an act of hatred – in fact, it's one of the purest gestures of self-love that I know.
4. It Creates a False Parallel Between Cis and Trans Experiences
You don't actually have to put yourselves in our shoes to have compassion for trans people.
In fact, you may never arrive at a point when you fully understand what it means to be transgender. And the sooner you can acknowledge this, the better your relationship with trans people will be.
What I dislike most about the "self-hating trans person" trope is that it assumes cis people who have struggled with their self-esteem or their bodies can understand what it feels like to be transgender. But I disagree vehemently with that conclusion.
The particular experience of being (wrongly) assigned a gender in a cisnormative, trans-hating society just isn't the same as a cis person struggling to like certain things about themselves.
I've disliked my body. I've struggled with my self-esteem. I've dealt with a whole slew of negative emotions around who I am and what I look like. But those experiences, while they were difficult and raw and real, had very few (if any) similarities with my experience moving through this world as transgender.
For one, they were transient experiences that I could work through and even hide if needed. But being transgender is immutable. It doesn't just affect how I feel on a day-to-day basis, but it impacts my access to power, safety, and resources.
It's an inherent and complex thing about myself that extends beyond my self-esteem – it's steeped in biological, sociological, psychological, and even spiritual understandings of myself.
When something is so deeply rooted and significant, a surface-level analysis will not suffice if you're trying to find ways to relate and understand. The reality here is that when cisgender people are distracted by halfhearted attempts at empathy, they fail to see that being able to relate isn't a prerequisite for solidarity, but listening is.
Cisgender people who diminish the trans experience by naming it as a simple emotion (self-hatred) – rather than acknowledging that embodied experiences of gender are much more complex – are participating in the erasure and oversimplification of the trans experience.
This trope, when employed by cisgender people, is trans-antagonistic – and perhaps in the most selfish way – because it's about satisfying the curiosities of cis people with an easy-to-digest answer, rather than letting trans people speak their own truth, even if that truth might be more nuanced and require more effort to understand.
This article, then, is a deeper calling – demanding that cis people do the work and believe trans people when we share who we are and what we feel. Our emotional realities and lived experiences are diverse, painful, complicated, and even beautiful.
Cis people need to hold the space for all of this and more. And that starts with tuning in.
This piece that I wrote originally appeared at Everyday Feminism.
Trans People Too Often Harm Their Own. So Can We Talk About How to Do Better?
September 23, 2017 September 23, 2017 2 Comments
A lot of the time, we talk about the ways that cisgender people harm us. And yes, those are critical conversations. But right now, I want to talk about trans people harming other trans people.
Because at the moment, I'm seeing an awful lot of it.
I think it's time we had a heart-to-heart about the ways that we treat each other.
Whether it's telling other trans people how they should or shouldn't transition, criticizing the language folks use to self-describe, centering ourselves and stepping out of our lane, or simply not believing each other when we come out, we can be our own worst enemies.
But we can do something about this.
We can renew our commitment to this community and to each other. We can be mindful of the ways that we're upholding one another's oppression, we can self-reflect, and we can call each other in.
Because in this moment, in a world that is so hostile towards and dangerous for trans people, the last thing I want to see is us hurting one another.
We need to show up for each other. We need to protect each other. In so many ways, we're all we've got.
So where do we start? Here are five ways we can better support one another.
1. Believe Trans People
I remember when I found a slew of tweets in my inbox from other trans people, accusing me of lying about being transgender.
They misgendered me, hurled unfair accusations towards me, and they began a concentrated online campaign to discredit me in this movement.
They reached out to a number of my Twitter followers, calling me a cis woman and saying that I was only pretending to be trans in order to get "Internet famous."
Why? Because I hadn't yet started testosterone, and in their minds, the only valid transgender people were those who were medically transitioning.
There is a lot of gatekeeping in the trans community, and it's really heartbreaking to see. There are countless trans folks who feel that they can decide who is and isn't transgender, and they exclude other trans people based on their own assumptions.
Sometimes, like in my case, this escalates into harassment and even violence.
I've experienced it firsthand many, many times. And it has hurt more than I could possibly express.
When that online campaign to discredit me began to take hold on Twitter, the timing couldn't have been worse. As someone who had been struggling to come out to my family and was unable to access hormones, it was a painful time in my life.
Being bullied because I wasn't on testosterone – something I desperately wanted, but couldn't access – made an already difficult time in my life even more agonizing.
Why were hormones even relevant in the first place? Since when do they know my gender better than I do?
I often wonder: If we want to convey to the world that misgendering someone is an act of violence and that gender is a deeply personal thing that belongs to each individual, why do we do this to each other?
Why are we such hypocrites when it comes to others in our own community? Why do we ask for our gender identities to be respected, and then completely disrespect the identities of others in our community?
Rather than attacking each other and attempting to ostracize one another, we should be investing that energy into advocacy and supporting one another – not tearing each other down.
2. Don't Place Judgments on How Other Trans People Choose to Transition (Or Not)
The reality is that transgender people are incredibly diverse and no two journeys will look exactly alike. We all have to decide, as individuals who know ourselves and our genders, what decisions are best for us and our happiness.
We also get to decide the timeline in which we make those decisions.
Some of us will pursue hormones. Some of us will not. Some of us will socially transition. Others won't. Some of us need surgery or multiple surgeries. Others do not.
It isn't anyone's business but our own what we do with our bodies. And we are not more or less transgender because of our choices – because being transgender is not about the bodies that we inhabit, but rather, our sense of self and our identities.
It took five years of identifying as transgender before I finally pursued hormones. Five years. This was largely due to a lot of internalized self-hatred that made it difficult to accept that I needed to medically transition.
With everything I was going through, I still endured a lot of judgment from other trans people who questioned my authenticity because I didn't make the same choices that they did within the expected time frame.
Can we just let other trans people make decisions about their bodies without judgment?
3. Hold Space for Trans People Who Are Non-Binary, Non-Conforming, or Questioning
Alternatively, this could be called "not being an asshole," but I want to dive a little deeper than that for a moment.
Not all transgender people are binary. Some of us have carved out our own unique identities and our own expressions. It doesn't make our oppression less painful. It doesn't make our dysphoria (if we have it) any less real. It doesn't make our gender any less valid.
Please don't exclude us or ostracize us from the community because we don't conform to your arbitrary rules. Instead, support us, include us, and celebrate us.
Not all transgender people are even sure of what their gender really looks like or how it manifests in the world. Some of us are still exploring this. Some of us aren't sure what we need. Some of us have more questions than we do answers.
Please don't push us to the margins because we aren't so sure. Hold us in compassion, support us, and give us the room to figure out who we are without judgment.
Sometimes trans people can be very protective over the idea of what it means to be transgender. But this needs to be said: It is oppressive to deny people the right to self-identify. It is oppressive to exclude people because they do not fit your idea of what transness should be.
And it is a real waste of energy and effort to marginalize other trans people when we could, instead, collectively endeavor towards our liberation.
4. Be Mindful of Centering Yourself and Advocate for All Trans People
Trans folks of privilege – those who are white, able-bodied, or have class privilege, for example – may feel tempted to place their experiences and needs at the center of this movement. But in doing so, they fail to uplift all trans people.
This often happens when transgender people who have privilege assume that their narratives are representative of all trans people, or they fail to include diverse voices in their organizing.
Trans women of color, for example, feel the compounded effects of transphobia, misogyny, and racism. They face higher rates of violence, harassment, poverty, incarceration, suicide, and endure countless obstacles in their transitions.
Ignoring this reality and prioritizing the voices and experiences of white trans people only serves to further marginalize trans people of color, whose needs are arguably most urgent and life-threatening.
Giving more visibility and resources to trans folks of privilege does not liberate all trans people – it only upholds other systems of power that already benefit those with more privilege, and it serves only a small part of our larger community.
This is why it is crucial that trans folks who have privilege be constantly mindful of the ways that their privilege operates both within the community and outside of it.
I know in the work that I'm doing, I'm constantly assessing and reassessing where my lane is and how to stay in it. And truthfully, I don't always get it right.
But self-reflection and self-criticism need to be an intrinsic part of the work. We keep working at it, because we care about one another and we want to liberate everyone, and not just ourselves.
We must acknowledge difference rather than assuming that our community is a monolith in which we are all the same. We must work collectively to ensure that the voices of all trans people – especially those who are most marginalized – can be amplified and given a platform in our movement.
A movement that only aims to benefit those who already have privilege simply replicates existing oppressions. And that? That's not justice.
5. Call Other Trans People In
This is one of the most important pieces of the puzzle. When we see other people in our community engaging in problematic or oppressive behaviors, it is important to call them in.
When I was being attacked by other trans folks for not being "trans enough," there was a shocking amount of silence from others in the community who would privately console me, but make no attempt to stand up for me.
The harassment continued for some time because very few people stepped in and made it clear that this kind of behavior wasn't tolerated in our community.
I've seen trans people engage in vicious gatekeeping, followed by radio silence from the folks around them because they're afraid to call in one of their own.
I've seen trans people find out that someone in the community is an abuser, followed by complete inaction because they aren't willing to show up for survivors.
I've seen white trans people observe racist behavior, followed by complacency because they didn't want to make things "awkward."
I've seen trans people speculating about the authenticity of other trans people's identities ("but are they really trans?"), followed by, you guessed it, no willingness to challenge that kind of behavior.
When someone in our own community is doing harm, we are arguably in the best position to engage. Our ties to one another and shared struggles mean that we can call each other in skillfully, if we're willing to step up.
I know this is difficult work, because we share very intimate spaces with one another, spaces in which we can't avoid each other. And obviously, when our safety is at stake, it can get more complicated.
But how many opportunities have we missed to make this community safer and more affirming because we were unwilling to make ourselves uncomfortable?
And I'm not exempt from this, by the way. I've missed a lot of opportunities, too, when I reflect back.
Our connections and ties to one another position us to do really transformative, healing work with each other. I think it's worthwhile work to be doing. And I want to see our community embrace that, especially those of us that already have access to power and have the least at stake when they engage.
If we don't believe each other, support each other, uplift each other, how can we begin to create a world in which transgender people are thriving?
If we continue to hurt each other in these ways, where will trans people go to find a safe space? If we don't have each other in this struggle, who can we count on?
The transgender community has shown up for me in so many ways, ways I will never forget.
It was a small community of trans people in Lansing, Michigan that embraced and affirmed me when I first used the word "transgender" to describe myself. That's a moment I will never forget — that room was filled to the brim with validation and care.
It was a trans man that opened up his home to me when I first moved to the Bay Area, when I knew literally no one here. Total strangers helped me get my bearings, find housing, find community, and find my way thousands of miles away from the life I'd left behind, only knowing that I was trans and believing that this made us family.
Hell, when I was psychiatrically hospitalized and at the end of my rope, who visited me in the hospital? Who sent me books? Who wrote me? (A lot of you did, trans readers, and while hospital staff misgendered me and while I came undone, your emails reminded me that my life had real value and importance, that I always had a community to come back to, a community that truly saw me.)
I would not be who I am today without the love and support of transgender people.
That's why I'm so passionate about trans people supporting other trans people – not because I want to pick apart our community, but because I see the difference that this support makes in each of our lives.
I believe in the power of our community. And that's exactly why I believe it's important that we are accountable to each other and that we strive to be a safe and supportive space for all trans people.
It's my hope that we can and will do better. It starts with each and every one of us. And it must begin now.
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An earlier version of this piece that I wrote originally appeared at Everyday Feminism.


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This is a list of House of Assembly results for the 1973 South Australian state election.

Results by electoral district

Adelaide

Albert Park

Alexandra

Ascot Park

Bragg

Brighton

Chaffey

Coles

Davenport

Elizabeth

Eyre

Fisher

Flinders

Florey

Frome

Gilles

Glenelg

Gouger

Goyder

Hanson

Henley Beach

Heysen

Kavel

Light

Mallee

Mawson

Millicent

Mitcham

Mitchell

Mount Gambier

Murray

Norwood

Peake

Pirie

Playford

Price

Rocky River

Ross Smith

Salisbury

Semaphore

Spence

Stuart

Tea Tree Gully

Torrens

Unley

Victoria

Whyalla

See also
 Members of the South Australian House of Assembly, 1973–1975

References

1973
1973 elections in Australia
1970s in South Australia

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


OK, so I don't love the name, but the idea is a good one – a machine-assisted evolution of the late, lamented Circa's model of personalized news that incorporates ideas from the also late and lamented Google Living Stories idea, and some notions of structured journalism. It'll be interesting to watch.
Here's how Smarticles work: On a reader's first visit to a story page, the blocks contain the most basic details and background, as text, embedded video, photos or social media posts.
As the reader returns to the page, the Smarticle will attempt to algorithmically determine which elements of the story are most useful to the reader based on a number of signals, such as the time passed since last visit, the frequency of visits, and the importance of each story development.
In other words, the story figures out what you already know, doesn't bore you with those facts, and only presents you with the new stuff. In many ways, it's a simple and obvious enhancement – and at the same time also a huge, fundamental change in thinking about what we do and how we do it.
For example, news organizations normally produce several articles about an ongoing story — one that takes several days to unfold, such as the incident earlier this year when a man was violently dragged off a United Airlines flight after he boarded in Chicago. Readers who had followed that story's every twist and turn would not need to be reminded of the fundamentals (that a man was pulled off a plane at a Chicago airport) that are often included with each article that covers the story's developments. Instead, they would have been likely to skim through that background to find the newest information.
Other readers, though, who first encountered the United story a few days in, would need the background and context that a later article may have lacked. The underlying Smarticle algorithm hopes to differentiate between these two readers and present them with a story that meets their needs.
And that last sentence is really at the crux of both this idea and a core notion of structured journalism – that readers aren't alike or all have similar needs, and that we increasingly have the capability to present them information that serves them better rather than the one-size-fits-all notion of story that we've lived with for… well, forever.
Smarticles (the name!) aims to fix one part of the personalized story problem – prior knowledge – that both Circa and Google Living Stories also tried to address. Will it be more successful?
One thing going in its favor is – presumably – better technology and hence less dependence on humans to figure out how to break up stories into chunks of content (described as "blocks" in the Guardian post) and which ones to present to which readers.
So how does or should structured journalism compete?
The same way machine-generated sports stories compete: By finding an unoccupied field to play in. The likes of Narrative Science and Automated Insights don't try to outdo human sports writers covering the Super Bowl; they generate stories about college and high school games that no one covered before. Are their stories worse than ones written by a human? Let's stipulate yes. Are they better than no story at all? Absolutely yes.
So, too, Smarticles (ugh!) will succeed if enough people find its functionality more useful than the loss of some narrative cohesion. However it turns out, it'll be another step forward in the evolution of structured journalism and its path into the mainstream of news.
Thanks for the thoughtful consideration of the format (I won't repeat the name, since I get the impression you're not a fan). The hurricane example is a great one, and I agree that the big question is whether users want and need it (initial survey responses were pretty positive, but suggest a mix of views).
A few things to note about this project: it's a product of the Guardian Mobile Innovation Lab, not The Guardian as a whole. We're part of the Guardian US newsroom in New York but operate fairly independently of the goals the main organization sets. Our work is meant to poke at the edges of what's possible with storytelling on mobile and offer up examples and possibilities for reaching audiences on mobile, in order to benefit the rest of the industry. We're going to keep experimenting with S********s — and please do send suggestions of other names if you have them — but the format won't be rolled out broadly within the Guardian site or apps unless the core teams decide to make it a priority — and at this early date in our experimentation, we wouldn't advocate that they do so just yet. Also, by sharing the data and insights we glean from our experiments, which we'll do, we also make it possible for others in the field to learn from it. Lots more on Medium if you're interested!
It's great that you have some very clear goals for the project – including not necessarily pushing it into the core newsroom. One of the biggest challenges to structured journalism projects has been newsroom culture and the definition of what it means to be a reporter; although there are also some signs of progress on that front too.
I'd love to hear what lessons you learn from this project, and what kinds of new formats of news users/readers are willing to try/embrace.
One way I've thought about this dichotomy of needs, especially in breaking news, is looking at Twitter and Wikipedia as complementary ways to follow a story. Wikipedia's job is to tell you the state of the world, as it is right now. Twitter alerts you that something has changed. Wikipedia is the broad overview; Twitter is small-bore, fast and incremental.
I'm really curious how this experiment works out, and whether the personalization algorithm holds up.
I'd also be really interested to see how this works on a story that evolves over months, or longer, instead of days, and whether user needs change as a story ages.
That's a good way to frame it, and it made me think a bit more about the various ways we can bucket how we follow stories/the kind of information we want or need.
So there's your analogy of WIkipedia as telling you the state of the world and providing context; Twitter as alerting you to changes in that state (news); but then also adjusting that by current reader activity – standing in line, walking, at rest in front of a screen, running, at a meeting, etc. Then there's various types of personalization – by location (hurricane will go through your neighborhood); by interests (stock portfolio, family members, children's school, etc); There can also be the creation of counterfactuals – what were the key variables that led to this outcome? There's probably a subset of the Wikipedia/Twitter analogy too, which is about personalization in time – are you reading the story in real-time, shortly after an event takes place, or long after the fact?
Your question about how this works with a story that runs over a longer period is also an interesting one – perhaps this works best not on a running news story, but on something that moves very slowly, such as climate change?


text:
From Mexico to Mozambique, pope offers prayers for people suffering
The crowd in St. Peter's Square watches as Pope Francis leads the Angelus from the window of his studio overlooking the square at the Vatican Aug. 23, 2020. The pope prayed for people persecuted for their faith, remembered the victims of the 2010 San Fernando massacre in Mexico and prayed for the victims of COVID-19. (Credit: CNS photo/Vatican Media.)
Situations of persecution, of mourning and of violence were on Pope Francis' mind Aug. 23 as he recited the Angelus prayer with visitors in St. Peter's Square.
VATICAN CITY — Situations of persecution, of mourning and of violence were on Pope Francis' mind Aug. 23 as he recited the Angelus prayer with visitors in St. Peter's Square.
First, the pope told the crowd that Aug. 22 was the U.N.'s International Day Commemorating the Victims of Acts of Violence Based on Religion or Belief.
"Let us pray for these, our brothers and sisters, and let us also sustain with our prayer and solidarity those — and there are many — who today are persecuted because of their faith and religion," the pope said. "There are many."
To mark the day, the pope had tweeted: "God has no need to be defended by anyone and does not want his name to be used to terrorize people. We call upon everyone to stop using religions to incite hatred, violence, extremism and blind fanaticism."
Pope Francis also told the crowd that Aug. 24 would be the 10th anniversary of "the massacre of 72 migrants in San Fernando, in Tamaulipas, Mexico."
"They were people from various countries who were looking for a better life," the pope said of the 58 men and 14 women who were kidnapped and then shot in the back of the head by members of a Mexican drug cartel.
"I express my solidarity with the families of the victims who today are still asking for truth and justice regarding the events," the pope said. "The Lord will hold us to account for all of the migrants who have fallen on their journey of hope. They were victims of the throwaway culture."
Pope Francis also greeted a group of families who had come to the Vatican from Carobbio degli Angeli, in the hard-hit Italian province of Bergamo, on a pilgrimage in memory of the victims of the coronavirus.
"Let's not forget, let's not forget the victims of the coronavirus," the pope said.
He told the crowd that "this morning I heard the testimony of a family who lost their grandparents — on the same day — without being about to say goodbye to them."
"So much suffering, so many people who lost their lives, victims of this disease; and so many volunteers, doctors, nurses, sisters, priests, who also lost their lives," he said. "Let us remember the families who have suffered because of this."
The pope also remembered the people of central Italy still trying to rebuild after massive earthquakes in 2016, and he asked for prayers for the people of Cabo Delgado province in northern Mozambique, "who are suffering because of international terrorism."
Pope Francis had called Bishop Luiz Lisboa of Pemba, the capital of Cabo Delgado, Aug. 19 after the port town of Mocimboa da Praia had been taken by men claiming to be affiliated with the Islamic State group.
Pope joins interreligious prayer, begging God to end pandemic
Pope asks prayers for the unemployed, for dialogue, peace
'It is an attack on everyone': Bishops react to Nice basilica murders
San Francisco Massacre
St. Peter's Square
Sunday Angelus

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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SOLARA solar panels from Germany are probably one of most successful module series for maritime applications. The rugged, textured panels with specially developed modules are laminated onto a stainless steel plate and are fully sea and saltwater resistant. This series has been used during several Vandee Globe races and many skippers sailing around the world rely on SOLARA quality.


Learn about the French Bulldog's history, diet, and health by reading this French Bulldog guide – discover what makes this breed unique!
Despite its name, the French Bulldog can attribute at least part of its heritage back to the UK – where a breed of Toy Bulldog was popular in some regions, such as Nottingham.
During the industrial revolution, many Nottingham lace makers emigrated to France, taking their dogs with them. Three decades later – after several crosses with local French flat featured dogs – a new breed was born: the French Bulldog.
Since then, they have never looked back – they have continued to increase in popularity, and in 1906, the Kennel Club gave official recognition to the breed.
The French Bulldog is also commonly (and affectionately) known as the Frenchie!
This breed has seen a huge surge in popularity, with Kennel Club registrations increasing 30 fold in the last 10 years!
A mini Molosser-type of dog, the French Bulldog is solidly built, compact and muscular.
Its forehead has characteristic wrinkles – as does the bridge of the muzzle, which is short and broad in this brachycephalic breed.
"Bat ears" are also a key characteristic of this breed, helping to exaggerate their playful personality. The French Bulldog has a short, dense and silky smooth coat, and only three colours are considered correct – Fawn, Brindle or Pied (white with fawn or brindle patches).
The French Bulldog temperament is lively and extroverted; with an abundance of character, the French Bulldog also likes playing with chew-toys. French Bulldogs are also athletic, very affectionate and full of energy.
French Bulldog puppies take up to 12 months to fulfil their adult potential – their skeleton and muscles take time to fully form to be able to support this sturdy dog's active personality.
The French Bulldog can have a sensitive digestion, which can be increased by the excess feeding of treats and titbits. Choose a diet which is highly digestible and contains selected fibres and prebiotics to help promote a balance in the intestinal flora.
Ideal French Bulldog puppy food: ROYAL CANIN® French Bulldog Puppy.
The French Bulldog is active – both outdoors and in! So bear this in mind when it comes to engaging in French Bulldog training, as you'll be able to give your French Bulldog exercise even on a day of torrential rain.
This breed also has a digestive system that can encourage an excess of fermentation, leading to loose stools and flatulence.
A diet which contains highly digestible proteins and a careful balance of fibres – including prebiotics – can help to support digestive health whilst minimising stool odour and flatulence.
The short, sleek coat of the French Bulldog provides little in the way of physical protection for the sensitive skin of this breed. Its wrinkles and folds can lead to skin irritation or even infection if not cared for sufficiently.
Despite its short fur, French Bulldogs can still shed if their grooming needs are left unattended. To minimise your French Bulldog's shedding at home, a daily brush is advised.
A diet providing support for the skin's natural barrier role is important in maintaining a French Bulldog's health, their diet should contain omega 3 and 6 fatty acids as well as vitamins, minerals and amino acids.
Furthermore, a diet that contains optimal levels of both protein and fat is important to provide fuel for this athletic breed to help maintain the optimum French Bulldog weight.
Ideal adult French Bulldog food: ROYAL CANIN® French Bulldog Adult.


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Ma vs Wang, Lesson 1: The Legislative Yuan matters more than ever for policy-making in Taiwan
For the intro post in this series, see here.
The old days of executive dominance: premier Hau Pei-tsun orders Chen Shui-bian, then a DPP legislator, back to his seat in the Legislative Yuan, Oct. 21, 1992.
For most of Taiwan's postwar history, policy-making was highly centralized in the Executive Yuan and the KMT itself. The Legislative Yuan, by contrast, was mostly a talking shop that rubber-stamped government budgets and initiatives. That began to change with democratization, but it's been a slow process. Even today, the annual budget proposal is drafted by the executive, and the legislature is prevented from adding new spending--the only way for legislators to affect this process directly is to cut funding, or freeze funds once they've been appropriated.
Nevertheless, the legislature has steadily accumulated authority at the expense of executive ministries over the last two decades. The ability of opposition party legislators to make life tough for executive branch officials became especially apparent in the later years of the Chen Shui-bian administration, when a pan-Blue (KMT-PFP) alliance held a relatively unified majority of the seats in the LY. Legislative committee inquisitions of ministers were common, key bureaus had budgets cut or frozen for transparently partisan reasons, and much of the government's proposed legislation (with key exceptions) was blocked.
At the time, the standoff between the two branches appeared due almost entirely to the intensely partisan atmosphere that prevailed from 2004-2008. Thus, when Ma Ying-jeou won the 2008 election and the KMT won over 3/4 of the seats in the LY, most observers expected executive-legislative relations to become much more cordial and cooperative again. And for Ma's first term, they seemed to be improved, although even then there were complaints about LY "inefficiency" at passing high-priority legislation.
But legislative independence has reemerged with a vengeance in Ma's second term, even though the KMT remains the majority party there. What is so striking about the events of the last year and more is that even in a period of "unified" party control of both branches, the LY has prevented a quick passage of the president's top policy priority--the CSSTA--and may have killed it for good. That is not an outcome that I would have predicted in 2012, when Ma was re-elected.
From a systemic perspective, what's potentially more troubling is that the current situation is about the best a governing party in Taiwan could ever hope for: the KMT controls the presidency and a majority in the legislature, and the president is the chairman of the party. The unity of purpose across the branches should be highest in this scenario. If a president can't get his agenda approved by the legislature under these circumstances, when can he?