text:
// Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "net/http/http_cache_transaction.h"

#include "build/build_config.h"  // For OS_POSIX

#if BUILDFLAG(IS_POSIX)
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#include <algorithm>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <utility>

#include "base/auto_reset.h"
#include "base/bind.h"
#include "base/callback_helpers.h"
#include "base/compiler_specific.h"
#include "base/cxx17_backports.h"
#include "base/format_macros.h"
#include "base/location.h"
#include "base/metrics/histogram_functions.h"
#include "base/metrics/histogram_macros.h"
#include "base/power_monitor/power_monitor.h"
#include "base/strings/string_number_conversions.h"  // For HexEncode.
#include "base/strings/string_piece.h"
#include "base/strings/string_util.h"  // For LowerCaseEqualsASCII.
#include "base/task/single_thread_task_runner.h"
#include "base/threading/thread_task_runner_handle.h"
#include "base/time/clock.h"
#include "base/trace_event/trace_event.h"
#include "base/values.h"
#include "net/base/auth.h"
#include "net/base/cache_metrics.h"
#include "net/base/features.h"
#include "net/base/load_flags.h"
#include "net/base/load_timing_info.h"
#include "net/base/trace_constants.h"
#include "net/base/upload_data_stream.h"
#include "net/cert/cert_status_flags.h"
#include "net/cert/x509_certificate.h"
#include "net/disk_cache/disk_cache.h"
#include "net/http/http_cache_writers.h"
#include "net/http/http_log_util.h"
#include "net/http/http_network_session.h"
#include "net/http/http_request_info.h"
#include "net/http/http_util.h"
#include "net/http/webfonts_histogram.h"
#include "net/log/net_log_event_type.h"
#include "net/ssl/ssl_cert_request_info.h"
#include "net/ssl/ssl_config_service.h"

using base::Time;
using base::TimeTicks;

namespace net {

using CacheEntryStatus = HttpResponseInfo::CacheEntryStatus;

namespace {

constexpr base::TimeDelta kStaleRevalidateTimeout = base::Seconds(60);

// From http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-httpbis-p6-cache-21#section-6
//      a "non-error response" is one with a 2xx (Successful) or 3xx
//      (Redirection) status code.
bool NonErrorResponse(int status_code) {
  int status_code_range = status_code / 100;
  return status_code_range == 2 || status_code_range == 3;
}

void RecordNoStoreHeaderHistogram(int load_flags,
                                  const HttpResponseInfo* response) {
  if (load_flags & LOAD_MAIN_FRAME_DEPRECATED) {
    UMA_HISTOGRAM_BOOLEAN(
        "Net.MainFrameNoStore",
        response->headers->HasHeaderValue("cache-control", "no-store"));
  }
}

bool IsOnBatteryPower() {
  if (base::PowerMonitor::IsInitialized())
    return base::PowerMonitor::IsOnBatteryPower();
  return false;
}

enum ExternallyConditionalizedType {
  EXTERNALLY_CONDITIONALIZED_CACHE_REQUIRES_VALIDATION,
  EXTERNALLY_CONDITIONALIZED_CACHE_USABLE,
  EXTERNALLY_CONDITIONALIZED_MISMATCHED_VALIDATORS,
  EXTERNALLY_CONDITIONALIZED_MAX
};

}  // namespace

#define CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(type)                                      \
  UMA_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION("HttpCache.Pattern" type, cache_entry_status_, \
                            CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_MAX)

struct HeaderNameAndValue {
  const char* name;
  const char* value;
};

// If the request includes one of these request headers, then avoid caching
// to avoid getting confused.
static const HeaderNameAndValue kPassThroughHeaders[] = {
    {"if-unmodified-since", nullptr},  // causes unexpected 412s
    {"if-match", nullptr},             // causes unexpected 412s
    {"if-range", nullptr},
    {nullptr, nullptr}};

struct ValidationHeaderInfo {
  const char* request_header_name;
  const char* related_response_header_name;
};

static const ValidationHeaderInfo kValidationHeaders[] = {
  { "if-modified-since", "last-modified" },
  { "if-none-match", "etag" },
};

// If the request includes one of these request headers, then avoid reusing
// our cached copy if any.
static const HeaderNameAndValue kForceFetchHeaders[] = {
    {"cache-control", "no-cache"},
    {"pragma", "no-cache"},
    {nullptr, nullptr}};

// If the request includes one of these request headers, then force our
// cached copy (if any) to be revalidated before reusing it.
static const HeaderNameAndValue kForceValidateHeaders[] = {
    {"cache-control", "max-age=0"},
    {nullptr, nullptr}};

static bool HeaderMatches(const HttpRequestHeaders& headers,
                          const HeaderNameAndValue* search) {
  for (; search->name; ++search) {
    std::string header_value;
    if (!headers.GetHeader(search->name, &header_value))
      continue;

    if (!search->value)
      return true;

    HttpUtil::ValuesIterator v(header_value.begin(), header_value.end(), ',');
    while (v.GetNext()) {
      if (base::LowerCaseEqualsASCII(v.value_piece(), search->value))
        return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

HttpCache::Transaction::Transaction(RequestPriority priority, HttpCache* cache)
    : next_state_(STATE_NONE),
      initial_request_(nullptr),
      request_(nullptr),
      priority_(priority),
      cache_(cache->GetWeakPtr()),
      entry_(nullptr),
      new_entry_(nullptr),
      new_response_(nullptr),
      mode_(NONE),
      reading_(false),
      invalid_range_(false),
      truncated_(false),
      is_sparse_(false),
      range_requested_(false),
      handling_206_(false),
      cache_pending_(false),
      done_headers_create_new_entry_(false),
      vary_mismatch_(false),
      couldnt_conditionalize_request_(false),
      bypass_lock_for_test_(false),
      bypass_lock_after_headers_for_test_(false),
      fail_conditionalization_for_test_(false),
      read_buf_len_(0),
      io_buf_len_(0),
      read_offset_(0),
      effective_load_flags_(0),
      shared_writing_error_(OK),
      cache_entry_status_(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_UNDEFINED),
      validation_cause_(VALIDATION_CAUSE_UNDEFINED),
      recorded_histograms_(false),
      parallel_writing_pattern_(PARALLEL_WRITING_NONE),
      moved_network_transaction_to_writers_(false),
      websocket_handshake_stream_base_create_helper_(nullptr),
      in_do_loop_(false) {
  TRACE_EVENT1("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::Transaction", "priority",
               RequestPriorityToString(priority));
  static_assert(HttpCache::Transaction::kNumValidationHeaders ==
                    std::size(kValidationHeaders),
                "invalid number of validation headers");

  io_callback_ = base::BindRepeating(&Transaction::OnIOComplete,
                                     weak_factory_.GetWeakPtr());
}

HttpCache::Transaction::~Transaction() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::~Transaction");
  RecordHistograms();

  // We may have to issue another IO, but we should never invoke the callback_
  // after this point.
  callback_.Reset();

  if (cache_) {
    if (entry_) {
      DoneWithEntry(false /* entry_is_complete */);
    } else if (cache_pending_) {
      cache_->RemovePendingTransaction(this);
    }
  }
}

HttpCache::Transaction::Mode HttpCache::Transaction::mode() const {
  return mode_;
}

LoadState HttpCache::Transaction::GetWriterLoadState() const {
  const HttpTransaction* transaction = network_transaction();
  if (transaction)
    return transaction->GetLoadState();
  if (entry_ || !request_)
    return LOAD_STATE_IDLE;
  return LOAD_STATE_WAITING_FOR_CACHE;
}

const NetLogWithSource& HttpCache::Transaction::net_log() const {
  return net_log_;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::Start(const HttpRequestInfo* request,
                                  CompletionOnceCallback callback,
                                  const NetLogWithSource& net_log) {
  DCHECK(request);
  DCHECK(!callback.is_null());
  TRACE_EVENT1("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::Start", "url", request->url);

  // Ensure that we only have one asynchronous call at a time.
  DCHECK(callback_.is_null());
  DCHECK(!reading_);
  DCHECK(!network_trans_.get());
  DCHECK(!entry_);
  DCHECK_EQ(next_state_, STATE_NONE);

  if (!cache_.get())
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;

  initial_request_ = request;
  SetRequest(net_log);

  // We have to wait until the backend is initialized so we start the SM.
  next_state_ = STATE_GET_BACKEND;
  int rv = DoLoop(OK);

  // Setting this here allows us to check for the existence of a callback_ to
  // determine if we are still inside Start.
  if (rv == ERR_IO_PENDING)
    callback_ = std::move(callback);

  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::RestartIgnoringLastError(
    CompletionOnceCallback callback) {
  DCHECK(!callback.is_null());

  // Ensure that we only have one asynchronous call at a time.
  DCHECK(callback_.is_null());

  if (!cache_.get())
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;

  int rv = RestartNetworkRequest();

  if (rv == ERR_IO_PENDING)
    callback_ = std::move(callback);

  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::RestartWithCertificate(
    scoped_refptr<X509Certificate> client_cert,
    scoped_refptr<SSLPrivateKey> client_private_key,
    CompletionOnceCallback callback) {
  DCHECK(!callback.is_null());

  // Ensure that we only have one asynchronous call at a time.
  DCHECK(callback_.is_null());

  if (!cache_.get())
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;

  int rv = RestartNetworkRequestWithCertificate(std::move(client_cert),
                                                std::move(client_private_key));

  if (rv == ERR_IO_PENDING)
    callback_ = std::move(callback);

  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::RestartWithAuth(const AuthCredentials& credentials,
                                            CompletionOnceCallback callback) {
  DCHECK(auth_response_.headers.get());
  DCHECK(!callback.is_null());

  // Ensure that we only have one asynchronous call at a time.
  DCHECK(callback_.is_null());

  if (!cache_.get())
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;

  // Clear the intermediate response since we are going to start over.
  SetAuthResponse(HttpResponseInfo());

  int rv = RestartNetworkRequestWithAuth(credentials);

  if (rv == ERR_IO_PENDING)
    callback_ = std::move(callback);

  return rv;
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::IsReadyToRestartForAuth() {
  if (!network_trans_.get())
    return false;
  return network_trans_->IsReadyToRestartForAuth();
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::Read(IOBuffer* buf,
                                 int buf_len,
                                 CompletionOnceCallback callback) {
  DCHECK_EQ(next_state_, STATE_NONE);
  DCHECK(buf);
  DCHECK_GT(buf_len, 0);
  DCHECK(!callback.is_null());

  DCHECK(callback_.is_null());

  if (!cache_.get())
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;

  // If we have an intermediate auth response at this point, then it means the
  // user wishes to read the network response (the error page).  If there is a
  // previous response in the cache then we should leave it intact.
  if (auth_response_.headers.get() && mode_ != NONE) {
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
    DCHECK(mode_ & WRITE);
    bool stopped = StopCachingImpl(mode_ == READ_WRITE);
    DCHECK(stopped);
  }

  reading_ = true;
  read_buf_ = buf;
  read_buf_len_ = buf_len;
  int rv = TransitionToReadingState();
  if (rv != OK || next_state_ == STATE_NONE)
    return rv;

  rv = DoLoop(OK);

  if (rv == ERR_IO_PENDING) {
    DCHECK(callback_.is_null());
    callback_ = std::move(callback);
  }
  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::TransitionToReadingState() {
  if (!entry_) {
    if (network_trans_) {
      // This can happen when the request should be handled exclusively by
      // the network layer (skipping the cache entirely using
      // LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE) or there was an error during the headers phase
      // due to which the transaction cannot write to the cache or the consumer
      // is reading the auth response from the network.
      // TODO(http://crbug.com/740947) to get rid of this state in future.
      next_state_ = STATE_NETWORK_READ;
      return OK;
    }

    // If there is no network, and no cache entry, then there is nothing to read
    // from.
    next_state_ = STATE_NONE;

    // An error state should be set for the next read, else this transaction
    // should have been terminated once it reached this state. To assert we
    // could dcheck that shared_writing_error_ is set to a valid error value but
    // in some specific conditions (http://crbug.com/806344) it's possible that
    // the consumer does an extra Read in which case the assert will fail.
    return shared_writing_error_;
  }

  // If entry_ is present, the transaction is either a member of entry_->writers
  // or readers.
  if (!InWriters()) {
    // Since transaction is not a writer and we are in Read(), it must be a
    // reader.
    DCHECK(entry_->TransactionInReaders(this));
    DCHECK(mode_ == READ || (mode_ == READ_WRITE && partial_));
    next_state_ = STATE_CACHE_READ_DATA;
    return OK;
  }

  DCHECK(mode_ & WRITE || mode_ == NONE);

  // If it's a writer and it is partial then it may need to read from the cache
  // or from the network based on whether network transaction is present or not.
  if (partial_) {
    if (entry_->writers->network_transaction())
      next_state_ = STATE_NETWORK_READ_CACHE_WRITE;
    else
      next_state_ = STATE_CACHE_READ_DATA;
    return OK;
  }

  // Full request.
  // If it's a writer and a full request then it may read from the cache if its
  // offset is behind the current offset else from the network.
  int disk_entry_size = entry_->disk_entry->GetDataSize(kResponseContentIndex);
  if (read_offset_ == disk_entry_size || entry_->writers->network_read_only()) {
    next_state_ = STATE_NETWORK_READ_CACHE_WRITE;
  } else {
    DCHECK_LT(read_offset_, disk_entry_size);
    next_state_ = STATE_CACHE_READ_DATA;
  }
  return OK;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::StopCaching() {
  // We really don't know where we are now. Hopefully there is no operation in
  // progress, but nothing really prevents this method to be called after we
  // returned ERR_IO_PENDING. We cannot attempt to truncate the entry at this
  // point because we need the state machine for that (and even if we are really
  // free, that would be an asynchronous operation). In other words, keep the
  // entry how it is (it will be marked as truncated at destruction), and let
  // the next piece of code that executes know that we are now reading directly
  // from the net.
  if (cache_.get() && (mode_ & WRITE) && !is_sparse_ && !range_requested_ &&
      network_transaction()) {
    StopCachingImpl(false);
  }
}

int64_t HttpCache::Transaction::GetTotalReceivedBytes() const {
  int64_t total_received_bytes = network_transaction_info_.total_received_bytes;
  const HttpTransaction* transaction = GetOwnedOrMovedNetworkTransaction();
  if (transaction)
    total_received_bytes += transaction->GetTotalReceivedBytes();
  return total_received_bytes;
}

int64_t HttpCache::Transaction::GetTotalSentBytes() const {
  int64_t total_sent_bytes = network_transaction_info_.total_sent_bytes;
  const HttpTransaction* transaction = GetOwnedOrMovedNetworkTransaction();
  if (transaction)
    total_sent_bytes += transaction->GetTotalSentBytes();
  return total_sent_bytes;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::DoneReading() {
  if (cache_.get() && entry_) {
    DCHECK_NE(mode_, UPDATE);
    DoneWithEntry(true);
  }
}

const HttpResponseInfo* HttpCache::Transaction::GetResponseInfo() const {
  // Null headers means we encountered an error or haven't a response yet
  if (auth_response_.headers.get()) {
    DCHECK_EQ(cache_entry_status_, auth_response_.cache_entry_status)
        << "These must be in sync via SetResponse and SetAuthResponse.";
    return &auth_response_;
  }
  // TODO(https://crbug.com/1219402): This should check in `response_`
  return &response_;
}

LoadState HttpCache::Transaction::GetLoadState() const {
  // If there's no pending callback, the ball is not in the
  // HttpCache::Transaction's court, whatever else may be going on.
  if (!callback_)
    return LOAD_STATE_IDLE;

  LoadState state = GetWriterLoadState();
  if (state != LOAD_STATE_WAITING_FOR_CACHE)
    return state;

  if (cache_.get())
    return cache_->GetLoadStateForPendingTransaction(this);

  return LOAD_STATE_IDLE;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetQuicServerInfo(
    QuicServerInfo* quic_server_info) {}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::GetLoadTimingInfo(
    LoadTimingInfo* load_timing_info) const {
  const HttpTransaction* transaction = GetOwnedOrMovedNetworkTransaction();
  if (transaction)
    return transaction->GetLoadTimingInfo(load_timing_info);

  if (network_transaction_info_.old_network_trans_load_timing) {
    *load_timing_info =
        *network_transaction_info_.old_network_trans_load_timing;
    return true;
  }

  if (first_cache_access_since_.is_null())
    return false;

  // If the cache entry was opened, return that time.
  load_timing_info->send_start = first_cache_access_since_;
  // This time doesn't make much sense when reading from the cache, so just use
  // the same time as send_start.
  load_timing_info->send_end = first_cache_access_since_;
  // Provide the time immediately before parsing a cached entry.
  load_timing_info->receive_headers_start = read_headers_since_;
  return true;
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::GetRemoteEndpoint(IPEndPoint* endpoint) const {
  const HttpTransaction* transaction = GetOwnedOrMovedNetworkTransaction();
  if (transaction)
    return transaction->GetRemoteEndpoint(endpoint);

  if (!network_transaction_info_.old_remote_endpoint.address().empty()) {
    *endpoint = network_transaction_info_.old_remote_endpoint;
    return true;
  }

  return false;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::PopulateNetErrorDetails(
    NetErrorDetails* details) const {
  const HttpTransaction* transaction = GetOwnedOrMovedNetworkTransaction();
  if (transaction)
    return transaction->PopulateNetErrorDetails(details);
  return;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetPriority(RequestPriority priority) {
  priority_ = priority;

  if (network_trans_)
    network_trans_->SetPriority(priority_);

  if (InWriters()) {
    DCHECK(!network_trans_ || partial_);
    entry_->writers->UpdatePriority();
  }
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetWebSocketHandshakeStreamCreateHelper(
    WebSocketHandshakeStreamBase::CreateHelper* create_helper) {
  websocket_handshake_stream_base_create_helper_ = create_helper;

  // TODO(shivanisha). Since this function must be invoked before Start() as
  // per the API header, a network transaction should not exist at that point.
  HttpTransaction* transaction = network_transaction();
  if (transaction)
    transaction->SetWebSocketHandshakeStreamCreateHelper(create_helper);
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetBeforeNetworkStartCallback(
    BeforeNetworkStartCallback callback) {
  DCHECK(!network_trans_);
  before_network_start_callback_ = std::move(callback);
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetConnectedCallback(
    const ConnectedCallback& callback) {
  DCHECK(!network_trans_);
  connected_callback_ = callback;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetRequestHeadersCallback(
    RequestHeadersCallback callback) {
  DCHECK(!network_trans_);
  request_headers_callback_ = std::move(callback);
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetResponseHeadersCallback(
    ResponseHeadersCallback callback) {
  DCHECK(!network_trans_);
  response_headers_callback_ = std::move(callback);
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetEarlyResponseHeadersCallback(
    ResponseHeadersCallback callback) {
  DCHECK(!network_trans_);
  early_response_headers_callback_ = std::move(callback);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::ResumeNetworkStart() {
  if (network_trans_)
    return network_trans_->ResumeNetworkStart();
  return ERR_UNEXPECTED;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::GetConnectionAttempts(
    ConnectionAttempts* out) const {
  ConnectionAttempts new_connection_attempts;
  const HttpTransaction* transaction = GetOwnedOrMovedNetworkTransaction();
  if (transaction)
    transaction->GetConnectionAttempts(&new_connection_attempts);

  out->swap(new_connection_attempts);
  out->insert(out->begin(),
              network_transaction_info_.old_connection_attempts.begin(),
              network_transaction_info_.old_connection_attempts.end());
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::CloseConnectionOnDestruction() {
  if (network_trans_) {
    network_trans_->CloseConnectionOnDestruction();
  } else if (InWriters()) {
    entry_->writers->CloseConnectionOnDestruction();
  }
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetValidatingCannotProceed() {
  DCHECK(!reading_);
  // Ensure this transaction is waiting for a callback.
  DCHECK_NE(STATE_UNSET, next_state_);

  next_state_ = STATE_HEADERS_PHASE_CANNOT_PROCEED;
  entry_ = nullptr;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::WriterAboutToBeRemovedFromEntry(int result) {
  // Since the transaction can no longer access the network transaction, save
  // all network related info now.
  if (moved_network_transaction_to_writers_ &&
      entry_->writers->network_transaction()) {
    SaveNetworkTransactionInfo(*(entry_->writers->network_transaction()));
  }

  entry_ = nullptr;
  mode_ = NONE;

  // Transactions in the midst of a Read call through writers will get any error
  // code through the IO callback but for idle transactions/transactions reading
  // from the cache, the error for a future Read must be stored here.
  if (result < 0)
    shared_writing_error_ = result;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::WriteModeTransactionAboutToBecomeReader() {
  mode_ = READ;
  if (moved_network_transaction_to_writers_ &&
      entry_->writers->network_transaction()) {
    SaveNetworkTransactionInfo(*(entry_->writers->network_transaction()));
  }
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::MaybeSetParallelWritingPatternForMetrics(
    HttpCache::ParallelWritingPattern pattern) {
  // It's possible a transaction could not join existing writers and then
  // creates a new writers. In that case the original reason for not being able
  // to join writers should be logged.
  if (parallel_writing_pattern_ == PARALLEL_WRITING_NONE)
    parallel_writing_pattern_ = pattern;
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

// A few common patterns: (Foo* means Foo -> FooComplete)
//
// 1. Not-cached entry:
//   Start():
//   GetBackend* -> InitEntry -> OpenOrCreateEntry* -> AddToEntry* ->
//   SendRequest* -> SuccessfulSendRequest -> OverwriteCachedResponse ->
//   CacheWriteResponse* -> TruncateCachedData* -> PartialHeadersReceived ->
//   FinishHeaders*
//
//   Read():
//   NetworkReadCacheWrite*/CacheReadData* (if other writers are also writing to
//   the cache)
//
// 2. Cached entry, no validation:
//   Start():
//   GetBackend* -> InitEntry -> OpenOrCreateEntry* -> AddToEntry* ->
//   CacheReadResponse* -> CacheDispatchValidation ->
//   BeginPartialCacheValidation() -> BeginCacheValidation() ->
//   SetupEntryForRead() -> FinishHeaders*
//
//   Read():
//   CacheReadData*
//
// 3. Cached entry, validation (304):
//   Start():
//   GetBackend* -> InitEntry -> OpenOrCreateEntry* -> AddToEntry* ->
//   CacheReadResponse* -> CacheDispatchValidation ->
//   BeginPartialCacheValidation() -> BeginCacheValidation() -> SendRequest* ->
//   SuccessfulSendRequest -> UpdateCachedResponse -> CacheWriteUpdatedResponse*
//   -> UpdateCachedResponseComplete -> OverwriteCachedResponse ->
//   PartialHeadersReceived -> FinishHeaders*
//
//   Read():
//   CacheReadData*
//
// 4. Cached entry, validation and replace (200):
//   Start():
//   GetBackend* -> InitEntry -> OpenOrCreateEntry* -> AddToEntry* ->
//   CacheReadResponse* -> CacheDispatchValidation ->
//   BeginPartialCacheValidation() -> BeginCacheValidation() -> SendRequest* ->
//   SuccessfulSendRequest -> OverwriteCachedResponse -> CacheWriteResponse* ->
//   DoTruncateCachedData* -> PartialHeadersReceived -> FinishHeaders*
//
//   Read():
//   NetworkReadCacheWrite*/CacheReadData* (if other writers are also writing to
//   the cache)
//
// 5. Sparse entry, partially cached, byte range request:
//   Start():
//   GetBackend* -> InitEntry -> OpenOrCreateEntry* -> AddToEntry* ->
//   CacheReadResponse* -> CacheDispatchValidation ->
//   BeginPartialCacheValidation() -> CacheQueryData* ->
//   ValidateEntryHeadersAndContinue() -> StartPartialCacheValidation ->
//   CompletePartialCacheValidation -> BeginCacheValidation() -> SendRequest* ->
//   SuccessfulSendRequest -> UpdateCachedResponse -> CacheWriteUpdatedResponse*
//   -> UpdateCachedResponseComplete -> OverwriteCachedResponse ->
//   PartialHeadersReceived -> FinishHeaders*
//
//   Read() 1:
//   NetworkReadCacheWrite*
//
//   Read() 2:
//   NetworkReadCacheWrite* -> StartPartialCacheValidation ->
//   CompletePartialCacheValidation -> CacheReadData* ->
//
//   Read() 3:
//   CacheReadData* -> StartPartialCacheValidation ->
//   CompletePartialCacheValidation -> BeginCacheValidation() -> SendRequest* ->
//   SuccessfulSendRequest -> UpdateCachedResponse* -> OverwriteCachedResponse
//   -> PartialHeadersReceived -> NetworkReadCacheWrite*
//
// 6. HEAD. Not-cached entry:
//   Pass through. Don't save a HEAD by itself.
//   Start():
//   GetBackend* -> InitEntry -> OpenOrCreateEntry* -> SendRequest*
//
// 7. HEAD. Cached entry, no validation:
//   Start():
//   The same flow as for a GET request (example #2)
//
//   Read():
//   CacheReadData (returns 0)
//
// 8. HEAD. Cached entry, validation (304):
//   The request updates the stored headers.
//   Start(): Same as for a GET request (example #3)
//
//   Read():
//   CacheReadData (returns 0)
//
// 9. HEAD. Cached entry, validation and replace (200):
//   Pass through. The request dooms the old entry, as a HEAD won't be stored by
//   itself.
//   Start():
//   GetBackend* -> InitEntry -> OpenOrCreateEntry* -> AddToEntry* ->
//   CacheReadResponse* -> CacheDispatchValidation ->
//   BeginPartialCacheValidation() -> BeginCacheValidation() -> SendRequest* ->
//   SuccessfulSendRequest -> OverwriteCachedResponse -> FinishHeaders*
//
// 10. HEAD. Sparse entry, partially cached:
//   Serve the request from the cache, as long as it doesn't require
//   revalidation. Ignore missing ranges when deciding to revalidate. If the
//   entry requires revalidation, ignore the whole request and go to full pass
//   through (the result of the HEAD request will NOT update the entry).
//
//   Start(): Basically the same as example 7, as we never create a partial_
//   object for this request.
//
// 11. Prefetch, not-cached entry:
//   The same as example 1. The "unused_since_prefetch" bit is stored as true in
//   UpdateCachedResponse.
//
// 12. Prefetch, cached entry:
//   Like examples 2-4, only CacheWriteUpdatedPrefetchResponse* is inserted
//   between CacheReadResponse* and CacheDispatchValidation if the
//   unused_since_prefetch bit is unset.
//
// 13. Cached entry less than 5 minutes old, unused_since_prefetch is true:
//   Skip validation, similar to example 2.
//   GetBackend* -> InitEntry -> OpenOrCreateEntry* -> AddToEntry* ->
//   CacheReadResponse* -> CacheToggleUnusedSincePrefetch* ->
//   CacheDispatchValidation -> BeginPartialCacheValidation() ->
//   BeginCacheValidation() -> SetupEntryForRead() -> FinishHeaders*
//
//   Read():
//   CacheReadData*
//
// 14. Cached entry more than 5 minutes old, unused_since_prefetch is true:
//   Like examples 2-4, only CacheToggleUnusedSincePrefetch* is inserted between
//   CacheReadResponse* and CacheDispatchValidation.
int HttpCache::Transaction::DoLoop(int result) {
  DCHECK_NE(STATE_UNSET, next_state_);
  DCHECK_NE(STATE_NONE, next_state_);
  DCHECK(!in_do_loop_);

  int rv = result;
  State state = next_state_;
  do {
    state = next_state_;
    next_state_ = STATE_UNSET;
    base::AutoReset<bool> scoped_in_do_loop(&in_do_loop_, true);

    switch (state) {
      case STATE_GET_BACKEND:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoGetBackend();
        break;
      case STATE_GET_BACKEND_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoGetBackendComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_INIT_ENTRY:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoInitEntry();
        break;
      case STATE_OPEN_OR_CREATE_ENTRY:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoOpenOrCreateEntry();
        break;
      case STATE_OPEN_OR_CREATE_ENTRY_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoOpenOrCreateEntryComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_DOOM_ENTRY:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoDoomEntry();
        break;
      case STATE_DOOM_ENTRY_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoDoomEntryComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_CREATE_ENTRY:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoCreateEntry();
        break;
      case STATE_CREATE_ENTRY_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoCreateEntryComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoAddToEntry();
        break;
      case STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoAddToEntryComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_DONE_HEADERS_ADD_TO_ENTRY_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoDoneHeadersAddToEntryComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_READ_RESPONSE:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoCacheReadResponse();
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_READ_RESPONSE_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoCacheReadResponseComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_WRITE_UPDATED_PREFETCH_RESPONSE:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoCacheWriteUpdatedPrefetchResponse(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_WRITE_UPDATED_PREFETCH_RESPONSE_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoCacheWriteUpdatedPrefetchResponseComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_DISPATCH_VALIDATION:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoCacheDispatchValidation();
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_QUERY_DATA:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoCacheQueryData();
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_QUERY_DATA_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoCacheQueryDataComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_START_PARTIAL_CACHE_VALIDATION:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoStartPartialCacheValidation();
        break;
      case STATE_COMPLETE_PARTIAL_CACHE_VALIDATION:
        rv = DoCompletePartialCacheValidation(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_UPDATE_STALE_WHILE_REVALIDATE_TIMEOUT:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoCacheUpdateStaleWhileRevalidateTimeout();
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_UPDATE_STALE_WHILE_REVALIDATE_TIMEOUT_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoCacheUpdateStaleWhileRevalidateTimeoutComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_SETUP_ENTRY_FOR_READ:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoSetupEntryForRead();
        break;
      case STATE_SEND_REQUEST:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoSendRequest();
        break;
      case STATE_SEND_REQUEST_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoSendRequestComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_SUCCESSFUL_SEND_REQUEST:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoSuccessfulSendRequest();
        break;
      case STATE_UPDATE_CACHED_RESPONSE:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoUpdateCachedResponse();
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_WRITE_UPDATED_RESPONSE:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoCacheWriteUpdatedResponse();
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_WRITE_UPDATED_RESPONSE_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoCacheWriteUpdatedResponseComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_UPDATE_CACHED_RESPONSE_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoUpdateCachedResponseComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_OVERWRITE_CACHED_RESPONSE:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoOverwriteCachedResponse();
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_WRITE_RESPONSE:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoCacheWriteResponse();
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_WRITE_RESPONSE_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoCacheWriteResponseComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_TRUNCATE_CACHED_DATA:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoTruncateCachedData();
        break;
      case STATE_TRUNCATE_CACHED_DATA_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoTruncateCachedDataComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_PARTIAL_HEADERS_RECEIVED:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoPartialHeadersReceived();
        break;
      case STATE_HEADERS_PHASE_CANNOT_PROCEED:
        rv = DoHeadersPhaseCannotProceed(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_FINISH_HEADERS:
        rv = DoFinishHeaders(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_FINISH_HEADERS_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoFinishHeadersComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_NETWORK_READ_CACHE_WRITE:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoNetworkReadCacheWrite();
        break;
      case STATE_NETWORK_READ_CACHE_WRITE_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoNetworkReadCacheWriteComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_READ_DATA:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoCacheReadData();
        break;
      case STATE_CACHE_READ_DATA_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoCacheReadDataComplete(rv);
        break;
      case STATE_NETWORK_READ:
        DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
        rv = DoNetworkRead();
        break;
      case STATE_NETWORK_READ_COMPLETE:
        rv = DoNetworkReadComplete(rv);
        break;
      default:
        NOTREACHED() << "bad state " << state;
        rv = ERR_FAILED;
        break;
    }
    DCHECK(next_state_ != STATE_UNSET) << "Previous state was " << state;

  } while (rv != ERR_IO_PENDING && next_state_ != STATE_NONE);

  // Assert Start() state machine's allowed last state in successful cases when
  // caching is happening.
  DCHECK(reading_ || rv != OK || !entry_ ||
         state == STATE_FINISH_HEADERS_COMPLETE);

  if (rv != ERR_IO_PENDING && !callback_.is_null()) {
    read_buf_ = nullptr;  // Release the buffer before invoking the callback.
    std::move(callback_).Run(rv);
  }

  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoGetBackend() {
  cache_pending_ = true;
  TransitionToState(STATE_GET_BACKEND_COMPLETE);
  net_log_.BeginEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_GET_BACKEND);
  return cache_->GetBackendForTransaction(this);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoGetBackendComplete(int result) {
  DCHECK(result == OK || result == ERR_FAILED);
  net_log_.EndEventWithNetErrorCode(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_GET_BACKEND,
                                    result);
  cache_pending_ = false;

  // Reset mode_ that might get set in this function. This is done because this
  // function can be invoked multiple times for a transaction.
  mode_ = NONE;

  if (!ShouldPassThrough()) {
    cache_key_ = cache_->GenerateCacheKey(request_);

    // Requested cache access mode.
    if (effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_ONLY_FROM_CACHE) {
      if (effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_BYPASS_CACHE) {
        // The client has asked for nonsense.
        TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
        return ERR_CACHE_MISS;
      }
      mode_ = READ;
    } else if (effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_BYPASS_CACHE) {
      mode_ = WRITE;
    } else {
      mode_ = READ_WRITE;
    }

    // Downgrade to UPDATE if the request has been externally conditionalized.
    if (external_validation_.initialized) {
      if (mode_ & WRITE) {
        // Strip off the READ_DATA bit (and maybe add back a READ_META bit
        // in case READ was off).
        mode_ = UPDATE;
      } else {
        mode_ = NONE;
      }
    }
  }

  // Use PUT, DELETE, and PATCH only to invalidate existing stored entries.
  if ((method_ == "PUT" || method_ == "DELETE" || method_ == "PATCH") &&
      mode_ != READ_WRITE && mode_ != WRITE) {
    mode_ = NONE;
  }

  // Note that if mode_ == UPDATE (which is tied to external_validation_), the
  // transaction behaves the same for GET and HEAD requests at this point: if it
  // was not modified, the entry is updated and a response is not returned from
  // the cache. If we receive 200, it doesn't matter if there was a validation
  // header or not.
  if (method_ == "HEAD" && mode_ == WRITE)
    mode_ = NONE;

  // If must use cache, then we must fail.  This can happen for back/forward
  // navigations to a page generated via a form post.
  if (!(mode_ & READ) && effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_ONLY_FROM_CACHE) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return ERR_CACHE_MISS;
  }

  if (mode_ == NONE) {
    if (partial_) {
      partial_->RestoreHeaders(&custom_request_->extra_headers);
      partial_.reset();
    }
    TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
  } else {
    TransitionToState(STATE_INIT_ENTRY);
  }

  // This is only set if we have something to do with the response.
  range_requested_ = (partial_.get() != nullptr);

  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoInitEntry() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoInitEntry");
  DCHECK(!new_entry_);

  if (!cache_.get()) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;
  }

  if (mode_ == WRITE) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_DOOM_ENTRY);
    return OK;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_OPEN_OR_CREATE_ENTRY);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoOpenOrCreateEntry() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoOpenOrCreateEntry");
  DCHECK(!new_entry_);
  TransitionToState(STATE_OPEN_OR_CREATE_ENTRY_COMPLETE);
  cache_pending_ = true;
  net_log_.BeginEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_OPEN_OR_CREATE_ENTRY);
  first_cache_access_since_ = TimeTicks::Now();

  // See if we already have something working with this cache key.
  new_entry_ = cache_->FindActiveEntry(cache_key_);
  if (new_entry_)
    return OK;

  // See if we could potentially doom the entry based on hints the backend keeps
  // in memory.
  // Currently only SimpleCache utilizes in memory hints. If an entry is found
  // unsuitable, and thus Doomed, SimpleCache can also optimize the
  // OpenOrCreateEntry() call to reduce the overhead of trying to open an entry
  // we know is doomed.
  uint8_t in_memory_info =
      cache_->GetCurrentBackend()->GetEntryInMemoryData(cache_key_);
  bool entry_not_suitable = false;
  if (MaybeRejectBasedOnEntryInMemoryData(in_memory_info)) {
    cache_->GetCurrentBackend()->DoomEntry(cache_key_, priority_,
                                           base::DoNothing());
    entry_not_suitable = true;
    // Documents the case this applies in
    DCHECK_EQ(mode_, READ_WRITE);
    // Record this as CantConditionalize, but otherwise proceed as we would
    // below --- as we've already dropped the old entry.
    couldnt_conditionalize_request_ = true;
    validation_cause_ = VALIDATION_CAUSE_ZERO_FRESHNESS;
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_CANT_CONDITIONALIZE);
  }

  // mode_ can be anything but NONE or WRITE at this point (READ, UPDATE, or
  // READ_WRITE).
  // READ, UPDATE, certain READ_WRITEs, and some methods shouldn't create, so
  // try only opening.
  if (mode_ != READ_WRITE || ShouldOpenOnlyMethods()) {
    if (entry_not_suitable) {
      // The entry isn't suitable and we can't create a new one.
      return net::ERR_CACHE_ENTRY_NOT_SUITABLE;
    }

    return cache_->OpenEntry(cache_key_, &new_entry_, this);
  }

  return cache_->OpenOrCreateEntry(cache_key_, &new_entry_, this);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoOpenOrCreateEntryComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoOpenOrCreateEntryComplete");
  // It is important that we go to STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY whenever the result is
  // OK, otherwise the cache will end up with an active entry without any
  // transaction attached.
  net_log_.EndEventWithNetErrorCode(
      NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_OPEN_OR_CREATE_ENTRY, result);

  cache_pending_ = false;

  if (result == OK) {
    if (new_entry_->opened == false) {
      // Entry was created so mode changes to WRITE.
      mode_ = WRITE;
    }
    TransitionToState(STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY);
    return OK;
  }

  if (result == ERR_CACHE_RACE) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_HEADERS_PHASE_CANNOT_PROCEED);
    return OK;
  }

  // No need to explicitly handle ERR_CACHE_ENTRY_NOT_SUITABLE as the
  // ShouldOpenOnlyMethods() check will handle it.

  // We were unable to open or create an entry.
  DLOG(WARNING) << "Unable to open or create cache entry";

  if (ShouldOpenOnlyMethods()) {
    // These methods, on failure, should bypass the cache.
    mode_ = NONE;
    TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
    return OK;
  }

  // Since the operation failed, what we do next depends on the mode_ which can
  // be the following: READ, READ_WRITE, or UPDATE. Note: mode_ cannot be WRITE
  // or NONE at this point as DoInitEntry() handled those cases.

  switch (mode_) {
    case READ:
      // The entry does not exist, and we are not permitted to create a new
      // entry, so we must fail.
      TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
      return ERR_CACHE_MISS;
    case READ_WRITE:
      // Unable to open or create; set the mode to NONE in order to bypass the
      // cache entry and read from the network directly.
      mode_ = NONE;
      if (partial_)
        partial_->RestoreHeaders(&custom_request_->extra_headers);
      TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
      break;
    case UPDATE:
      // There is no cache entry to update; proceed without caching.
      DCHECK(!partial_);
      mode_ = NONE;
      TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
      break;
    default:
      NOTREACHED();
  }

  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoDoomEntry() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoDoomEntry");
  TransitionToState(STATE_DOOM_ENTRY_COMPLETE);
  cache_pending_ = true;
  if (first_cache_access_since_.is_null())
    first_cache_access_since_ = TimeTicks::Now();
  net_log_.BeginEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_DOOM_ENTRY);
  return cache_->DoomEntry(cache_key_, this);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoDoomEntryComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoDoomEntryComplete");
  net_log_.EndEventWithNetErrorCode(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_DOOM_ENTRY,
                                    result);
  cache_pending_ = false;
  TransitionToState(result == ERR_CACHE_RACE
                        ? STATE_HEADERS_PHASE_CANNOT_PROCEED
                        : STATE_CREATE_ENTRY);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCreateEntry() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCreateEntry");
  DCHECK(!new_entry_);
  TransitionToState(STATE_CREATE_ENTRY_COMPLETE);
  cache_pending_ = true;
  net_log_.BeginEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_CREATE_ENTRY);
  return cache_->CreateEntry(cache_key_, &new_entry_, this);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCreateEntryComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCreateEntryComplete");
  // It is important that we go to STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY whenever the result is
  // OK, otherwise the cache will end up with an active entry without any
  // transaction attached.
  net_log_.EndEventWithNetErrorCode(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_CREATE_ENTRY,
                                    result);
  cache_pending_ = false;
  switch (result) {
    case OK:
      TransitionToState(STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY);
      break;

    case ERR_CACHE_RACE:
      TransitionToState(STATE_HEADERS_PHASE_CANNOT_PROCEED);
      break;

    default:
      DLOG(WARNING) << "Unable to create cache entry";

      // Set the mode to NONE in order to bypass the cache entry and read from
      // the network directly.
      mode_ = NONE;
      if (!done_headers_create_new_entry_) {
        if (partial_)
          partial_->RestoreHeaders(&custom_request_->extra_headers);
        TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
        return OK;
      }
      // The headers have already been received as a result of validation,
      // triggering the doom of the old entry.  So no network request needs to
      // be sent. Note that since mode_ is NONE, the response won't be written
      // to cache. Transition to STATE_CACHE_WRITE_RESPONSE as that's the state
      // the transaction left off on when it tried to create the new entry.
      done_headers_create_new_entry_ = false;
      TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_WRITE_RESPONSE);
  }
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoAddToEntry() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoAddToEntry");
  DCHECK(new_entry_);
  cache_pending_ = true;
  net_log_.BeginEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_ADD_TO_ENTRY);
  DCHECK(entry_lock_waiting_since_.is_null());

  // By this point whether the entry was created or opened is no longer relevant
  // for this transaction. However there may be queued transactions that want to
  // use this entry and from their perspective the entry was opened, so change
  // the flag to reflect that.
  new_entry_->opened = true;

  int rv = cache_->AddTransactionToEntry(new_entry_, this);
  DCHECK_EQ(rv, ERR_IO_PENDING);

  // If headers phase is already done then we are here because of validation not
  // matching and creating a new entry. This transaction should be the
  // first transaction of that new entry and thus it will not have cache lock
  // delays, thus returning early from here.
  if (done_headers_create_new_entry_) {
    DCHECK_EQ(mode_, WRITE);
    TransitionToState(STATE_DONE_HEADERS_ADD_TO_ENTRY_COMPLETE);
    return rv;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY_COMPLETE);

  entry_lock_waiting_since_ = TimeTicks::Now();
  AddCacheLockTimeoutHandler(new_entry_);
  return rv;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::AddCacheLockTimeoutHandler(ActiveEntry* entry) {
  DCHECK(next_state_ == STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY_COMPLETE ||
         next_state_ == STATE_FINISH_HEADERS_COMPLETE);
  if ((bypass_lock_for_test_ && next_state_ == STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY_COMPLETE) ||
      (bypass_lock_after_headers_for_test_ &&
       next_state_ == STATE_FINISH_HEADERS_COMPLETE)) {
    base::ThreadTaskRunnerHandle::Get()->PostTask(
        FROM_HERE,
        base::BindOnce(&HttpCache::Transaction::OnCacheLockTimeout,
                       weak_factory_.GetWeakPtr(), entry_lock_waiting_since_));
  } else {
    int timeout_milliseconds = 20 * 1000;
    if (partial_ && entry->writers && !entry->writers->IsEmpty() &&
        entry->writers->IsExclusive()) {
      // Even though entry_->writers takes care of allowing multiple writers to
      // simultaneously govern reading from the network and writing to the cache
      // for full requests, partial requests are still blocked by the
      // reader/writer lock.
      // Bypassing the cache after 25 ms of waiting for the cache lock
      // eliminates a long running issue, http://crbug.com/31014, where
      // two of the same media resources could not be played back simultaneously
      // due to one locking the cache entry until the entire video was
      // downloaded.
      // Bypassing the cache is not ideal, as we are now ignoring the cache
      // entirely for all range requests to a resource beyond the first. This
      // is however a much more succinct solution than the alternatives, which
      // would require somewhat significant changes to the http caching logic.
      //
      // Allow some timeout slack for the entry addition to complete in case
      // the writer lock is imminently released; we want to avoid skipping
      // the cache if at all possible. See http://crbug.com/408765
      timeout_milliseconds = 25;
    }
    base::ThreadTaskRunnerHandle::Get()->PostDelayedTask(
        FROM_HERE,
        base::BindOnce(&HttpCache::Transaction::OnCacheLockTimeout,
                       weak_factory_.GetWeakPtr(), entry_lock_waiting_since_),
        base::Milliseconds(timeout_milliseconds));
  }
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoAddToEntryComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoAddToEntryComplete");
  net_log_.EndEventWithNetErrorCode(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_ADD_TO_ENTRY,
                                    result);
  const base::TimeDelta entry_lock_wait =
      TimeTicks::Now() - entry_lock_waiting_since_;
  UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.EntryLockWait", entry_lock_wait);

  entry_lock_waiting_since_ = TimeTicks();
  DCHECK(new_entry_);
  cache_pending_ = false;

  if (result == OK)
    entry_ = new_entry_;

  // If there is a failure, the cache should have taken care of new_entry_.
  new_entry_ = nullptr;

  if (result == ERR_CACHE_RACE) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_HEADERS_PHASE_CANNOT_PROCEED);
    return OK;
  }

  if (result == ERR_CACHE_LOCK_TIMEOUT) {
    if (mode_ == READ) {
      TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
      return ERR_CACHE_MISS;
    }

    // The cache is busy, bypass it for this transaction.
    mode_ = NONE;
    TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
    if (partial_) {
      partial_->RestoreHeaders(&custom_request_->extra_headers);
      partial_.reset();
    }
    return OK;
  }

  // TODO(crbug.com/713354) Access timestamp for histograms only if entry is
  // already written, to avoid data race since cache thread can also access
  // this.
  if (!cache_->IsWritingInProgress(entry_))
    open_entry_last_used_ = entry_->disk_entry->GetLastUsed();

  // TODO(jkarlin): We should either handle the case or DCHECK.
  if (result != OK) {
    NOTREACHED();
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return result;
  }

  if (mode_ == WRITE) {
    if (partial_)
      partial_->RestoreHeaders(&custom_request_->extra_headers);
    TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
  } else {
    // We have to read the headers from the cached entry.
    DCHECK(mode_ & READ_META);
    TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_READ_RESPONSE);
  }
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoDoneHeadersAddToEntryComplete(int result) {
  // This transaction's response headers did not match its ActiveEntry so it
  // created a new ActiveEntry (new_entry_) to write to (and doomed the old
  // one). Now that the new entry has been created, start writing the response.

  DCHECK_EQ(result, OK);
  DCHECK_EQ(mode_, WRITE);
  DCHECK(new_entry_);
  DCHECK(response_.headers);

  cache_pending_ = false;
  done_headers_create_new_entry_ = false;

  // It is unclear exactly how this state is reached with an ERR_CACHE_RACE, but
  // this check appears to fix a rare crash. See crbug.com/959194.
  if (result == ERR_CACHE_RACE) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_HEADERS_PHASE_CANNOT_PROCEED);
    return OK;
  }

  entry_ = new_entry_;
  DCHECK_NE(response_.headers->response_code(), 304);
  DCHECK(cache_->CanTransactionWriteResponseHeaders(
      entry_, this, partial_ != nullptr, false));
  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_WRITE_RESPONSE);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheReadResponse() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheReadResponse");
  DCHECK(entry_);
  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_READ_RESPONSE_COMPLETE);

  io_buf_len_ = entry_->disk_entry->GetDataSize(kResponseInfoIndex);
  read_buf_ = base::MakeRefCounted<IOBuffer>(io_buf_len_);

  net_log_.BeginEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_READ_INFO);
  return entry_->disk_entry->ReadData(kResponseInfoIndex, 0, read_buf_.get(),
                                      io_buf_len_, io_callback_);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheReadResponseComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheReadResponseComplete");
  net_log_.EndEventWithNetErrorCode(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_READ_INFO,
                                    result);

  // Record the time immediately before the cached response is parsed.
  read_headers_since_ = TimeTicks::Now();
  if (result != io_buf_len_ ||
      !HttpCache::ParseResponseInfo(read_buf_->data(), io_buf_len_, &response_,
                                    &truncated_)) {
    return OnCacheReadError(result, true);
  }

  // TODO(crbug.com/713354) Only get data size if there is no other transaction
  // currently writing the response body due to the data race mentioned in the
  // associated bug.
  if (!cache_->IsWritingInProgress(entry_)) {
    int current_size = entry_->disk_entry->GetDataSize(kResponseContentIndex);
    int64_t full_response_length = response_.headers->GetContentLength();

    // Some resources may have slipped in as truncated when they're not.
    if (full_response_length == current_size)
      truncated_ = false;

    // The state machine's handling of StopCaching unfortunately doesn't deal
    // well with resources that are larger than 2GB when there is a truncated or
    // sparse cache entry. While the state machine is reworked to resolve this,
    // the following logic is put in place to defer such requests to the
    // network. The cache should not be storing multi gigabyte resources. See
    // http://crbug.com/89567.
    if ((truncated_ || response_.headers->response_code() == 206) &&
        !range_requested_ &&
        full_response_length > std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::max()) {
      DCHECK(!partial_);

      // Doom the entry so that no other transaction gets added to this entry
      // and avoid a race of not being able to check this condition because
      // writing is in progress.
      DoneWithEntry(false);
      TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
      return OK;
    }
  }

  if (response_.restricted_prefetch &&
      !(request_->load_flags & LOAD_CAN_USE_RESTRICTED_PREFETCH)) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
    return OK;
  }

  // When a restricted prefetch is reused, we lift its reuse restriction.
  bool restricted_prefetch_reuse =
      response_.restricted_prefetch &&
      request_->load_flags & LOAD_CAN_USE_RESTRICTED_PREFETCH;
  DCHECK(!restricted_prefetch_reuse || response_.unused_since_prefetch);

  if (response_.unused_since_prefetch !=
      !!(request_->load_flags & LOAD_PREFETCH)) {
    // Either this is the first use of an entry since it was prefetched XOR
    // this is a prefetch. The value of response.unused_since_prefetch is
    // valid for this transaction but the bit needs to be flipped in storage.
    DCHECK(!updated_prefetch_response_);
    updated_prefetch_response_ = std::make_unique<HttpResponseInfo>(response_);
    updated_prefetch_response_->unused_since_prefetch =
        !response_.unused_since_prefetch;
    if (response_.restricted_prefetch &&
        request_->load_flags & LOAD_CAN_USE_RESTRICTED_PREFETCH) {
      updated_prefetch_response_->restricted_prefetch = false;
    }

    TransitionToState(STATE_WRITE_UPDATED_PREFETCH_RESPONSE);
    return OK;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_DISPATCH_VALIDATION);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheWriteUpdatedPrefetchResponse(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0(NetTracingCategory(),
               "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheWriteUpdatedPrefetchResponse");
  DCHECK(updated_prefetch_response_);
  // TODO(jkarlin): If DoUpdateCachedResponse is also called for this
  // transaction then metadata will be written to cache twice. If prefetching
  // becomes more common, consider combining the writes.
  TransitionToState(STATE_WRITE_UPDATED_PREFETCH_RESPONSE_COMPLETE);
  return WriteResponseInfoToEntry(*updated_prefetch_response_.get(), false);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheWriteUpdatedPrefetchResponseComplete(
    int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0(
      NetTracingCategory(),
      "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheWriteUpdatedPrefetchResponseComplete");
  updated_prefetch_response_.reset();
  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_DISPATCH_VALIDATION);
  return OnWriteResponseInfoToEntryComplete(result);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheDispatchValidation() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheDispatchValidation");
  if (!entry_) {
    // Entry got destroyed when twiddling unused-since-prefetch bit.
    TransitionToState(STATE_HEADERS_PHASE_CANNOT_PROCEED);
    return OK;
  }

  // We now have access to the cache entry.
  //
  //  o if we are a reader for the transaction, then we can start reading the
  //    cache entry.
  //
  //  o if we can read or write, then we should check if the cache entry needs
  //    to be validated and then issue a network request if needed or just read
  //    from the cache if the cache entry is already valid.
  //
  //  o if we are set to UPDATE, then we are handling an externally
  //    conditionalized request (if-modified-since / if-none-match). We check
  //    if the request headers define a validation request.
  //
  int result = ERR_FAILED;
  switch (mode_) {
    case READ:
      UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_USED);
      result = BeginCacheRead();
      break;
    case READ_WRITE:
      result = BeginPartialCacheValidation();
      break;
    case UPDATE:
      result = BeginExternallyConditionalizedRequest();
      break;
    case WRITE:
    default:
      NOTREACHED();
  }
  return result;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheQueryData() {
  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_QUERY_DATA_COMPLETE);
  return entry_->disk_entry->ReadyForSparseIO(io_callback_);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheQueryDataComplete(int result) {
  DCHECK_EQ(OK, result);
  if (!cache_.get()) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;
  }

  return ValidateEntryHeadersAndContinue();
}

// We may end up here multiple times for a given request.
int HttpCache::Transaction::DoStartPartialCacheValidation() {
  if (mode_ == NONE) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return OK;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_COMPLETE_PARTIAL_CACHE_VALIDATION);
  return partial_->ShouldValidateCache(entry_->disk_entry, io_callback_);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCompletePartialCacheValidation(int result) {
  if (!result) {
    // This is the end of the request.
    DoneWithEntry(true);
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return result;
  }

  if (result < 0) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return result;
  }

  partial_->PrepareCacheValidation(entry_->disk_entry,
                                   &custom_request_->extra_headers);

  if (reading_ && partial_->IsCurrentRangeCached()) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_READ_DATA);
    return OK;
  }

  return BeginCacheValidation();
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheUpdateStaleWhileRevalidateTimeout() {
  TRACE_EVENT0(
      "io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheUpdateStaleWhileRevalidateTimeout");
  response_.stale_revalidate_timeout =
      cache_->clock_->Now() + kStaleRevalidateTimeout;
  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_UPDATE_STALE_WHILE_REVALIDATE_TIMEOUT_COMPLETE);
  return WriteResponseInfoToEntry(response_, false);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheUpdateStaleWhileRevalidateTimeoutComplete(
    int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0(
      "io",
      "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheUpdateStaleWhileRevalidateTimeoutComplete");
  TransitionToState(STATE_SETUP_ENTRY_FOR_READ);
  return OnWriteResponseInfoToEntryComplete(result);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoSendRequest() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoSendRequest");
  DCHECK(mode_ & WRITE || mode_ == NONE);
  DCHECK(!network_trans_.get());

  send_request_since_ = TimeTicks::Now();

  // Create a network transaction.
  int rv =
      cache_->network_layer_->CreateTransaction(priority_, &network_trans_);

  if (rv != OK) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return rv;
  }

  network_trans_->SetBeforeNetworkStartCallback(
      std::move(before_network_start_callback_));
  network_trans_->SetConnectedCallback(connected_callback_);
  network_trans_->SetRequestHeadersCallback(request_headers_callback_);
  network_trans_->SetEarlyResponseHeadersCallback(
      early_response_headers_callback_);
  network_trans_->SetResponseHeadersCallback(response_headers_callback_);

  // Old load timing information, if any, is now obsolete.
  network_transaction_info_.old_network_trans_load_timing.reset();
  network_transaction_info_.old_remote_endpoint = IPEndPoint();

  if (websocket_handshake_stream_base_create_helper_)
    network_trans_->SetWebSocketHandshakeStreamCreateHelper(
        websocket_handshake_stream_base_create_helper_);

  TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST_COMPLETE);
  rv = network_trans_->Start(request_, io_callback_, net_log_);
  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoSendRequestComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoSendRequestComplete");
  if (!cache_.get()) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;
  }

  // If we tried to conditionalize the request and failed, we know
  // we won't be reading from the cache after this point.
  if (couldnt_conditionalize_request_)
    mode_ = WRITE;

  if (result == OK) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_SUCCESSFUL_SEND_REQUEST);
    return OK;
  }

  const HttpResponseInfo* response = network_trans_->GetResponseInfo();
  response_.network_accessed = response->network_accessed;
  response_.was_fetched_via_proxy = response->was_fetched_via_proxy;
  response_.proxy_server = response->proxy_server;
  response_.restricted_prefetch = response->restricted_prefetch;
  response_.resolve_error_info = response->resolve_error_info;

  // Do not record requests that have network errors or restarts.
  UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
  if (IsCertificateError(result)) {
    // If we get a certificate error, then there is a certificate in ssl_info,
    // so GetResponseInfo() should never return NULL here.
    DCHECK(response);
    response_.ssl_info = response->ssl_info;
  } else if (result == ERR_SSL_CLIENT_AUTH_CERT_NEEDED) {
    DCHECK(response);
    response_.cert_request_info = response->cert_request_info;
  } else if (response_.was_cached) {
    DoneWithEntry(true);
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
  return result;
}

// We received the response headers and there is no error.
int HttpCache::Transaction::DoSuccessfulSendRequest() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoSuccessfulSendRequest");
  DCHECK(!new_response_);
  const HttpResponseInfo* new_response = network_trans_->GetResponseInfo();

  if (new_response->headers->response_code() == 401 ||
      new_response->headers->response_code() == 407) {
    SetAuthResponse(*new_response);
    if (!reading_) {
      TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
      return OK;
    }

    // We initiated a second request the caller doesn't know about. We should be
    // able to authenticate this request because we should have authenticated
    // this URL moments ago.
    if (IsReadyToRestartForAuth()) {
      TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST_COMPLETE);
      // In theory we should check to see if there are new cookies, but there
      // is no way to do that from here.
      return network_trans_->RestartWithAuth(AuthCredentials(), io_callback_);
    }

    // We have to perform cleanup at this point so that at least the next
    // request can succeed.  We do not retry at this point, because data
    // has been read and we have no way to gather credentials.  We would
    // fail again, and potentially loop.  This can happen if the credentials
    // expire while chrome is suspended.
    if (entry_)
      DoomPartialEntry(false);
    mode_ = NONE;
    partial_.reset();
    ResetNetworkTransaction();
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return ERR_CACHE_AUTH_FAILURE_AFTER_READ;
  }

  new_response_ = new_response;
  if (!ValidatePartialResponse() && !auth_response_.headers.get()) {
    // Something went wrong with this request and we have to restart it.
    // If we have an authentication response, we are exposed to weird things
    // hapenning if the user cancels the authentication before we receive
    // the new response.
    net_log_.AddEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_RE_SEND_PARTIAL_REQUEST);
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
    SetResponse(HttpResponseInfo());
    ResetNetworkTransaction();
    new_response_ = nullptr;
    TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
    return OK;
  }

  if (handling_206_ && mode_ == READ_WRITE && !truncated_ && !is_sparse_) {
    // We have stored the full entry, but it changed and the server is
    // sending a range. We have to delete the old entry.
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
    DoneWithEntry(false);
  }

  if (mode_ == WRITE &&
      cache_entry_status_ != CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_CANT_CONDITIONALIZE) {
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_NOT_IN_CACHE);
  }

  // Invalidate any cached GET with a successful PUT, DELETE, or PATCH.
  if (mode_ == WRITE &&
      (method_ == "PUT" || method_ == "DELETE" || method_ == "PATCH")) {
    if (NonErrorResponse(new_response_->headers->response_code()) &&
        (entry_ && !entry_->doomed)) {
      int ret = cache_->DoomEntry(cache_key_, nullptr);
      DCHECK_EQ(OK, ret);
    }
    // Do not invalidate the entry if the request failed.
    DoneWithEntry(true);
  }

  // Invalidate any cached GET with a successful POST. If the network isolation
  // key isn't populated with the split cache active, there will be nothing to
  // invalidate in the cache.
  if (!(effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE) && method_ == "POST" &&
      NonErrorResponse(new_response_->headers->response_code()) &&
      (!HttpCache::IsSplitCacheEnabled() ||
       request_->network_isolation_key.IsFullyPopulated())) {
    cache_->DoomMainEntryForUrl(request_->url, request_->network_isolation_key,
                                request_->is_subframe_document_resource);
  }

  RecordNoStoreHeaderHistogram(request_->load_flags, new_response_);

  if (new_response_->headers->response_code() == 416 &&
      (method_ == "GET" || method_ == "POST")) {
    // If there is an active entry it may be destroyed with this transaction.
    SetResponse(*new_response_);
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return OK;
  }

  // Are we expecting a response to a conditional query?
  if (mode_ == READ_WRITE || mode_ == UPDATE) {
    if (new_response->headers->response_code() == 304 || handling_206_) {
      UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_VALIDATED);
      TransitionToState(STATE_UPDATE_CACHED_RESPONSE);
      return OK;
    }
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_UPDATED);
    mode_ = WRITE;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_OVERWRITE_CACHED_RESPONSE);
  return OK;
}

// We received 304 or 206 and we want to update the cached response headers.
int HttpCache::Transaction::DoUpdateCachedResponse() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoUpdateCachedResponse");
  int rv = OK;
  // Update the cached response based on the headers and properties of
  // new_response_.
  response_.headers->Update(*new_response_->headers.get());
  response_.stale_revalidate_timeout = base::Time();
  response_.response_time = new_response_->response_time;
  response_.request_time = new_response_->request_time;
  response_.network_accessed = new_response_->network_accessed;
  response_.unused_since_prefetch = new_response_->unused_since_prefetch;
  response_.restricted_prefetch = new_response_->restricted_prefetch;
  response_.ssl_info = new_response_->ssl_info;
  response_.dns_aliases = new_response_->dns_aliases;
  if (new_response_->vary_data.is_valid()) {
    response_.vary_data = new_response_->vary_data;
  } else if (response_.vary_data.is_valid()) {
    // There is a vary header in the stored response but not in the current one.
    // Update the data with the new request headers.
    HttpVaryData new_vary_data;
    new_vary_data.Init(*request_, *response_.headers.get());
    response_.vary_data = new_vary_data;
  }

  if (ShouldDisableCaching(*response_.headers)) {
    if (!entry_->doomed) {
      int ret = cache_->DoomEntry(cache_key_, nullptr);
      DCHECK_EQ(OK, ret);
    }
    TransitionToState(STATE_UPDATE_CACHED_RESPONSE_COMPLETE);
  } else {
    // If we are already reading, we already updated the headers for this
    // request; doing it again will change Content-Length.
    if (!reading_) {
      TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_WRITE_UPDATED_RESPONSE);
      rv = OK;
    } else {
      TransitionToState(STATE_UPDATE_CACHED_RESPONSE_COMPLETE);
    }
  }

  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheWriteUpdatedResponse() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheWriteUpdatedResponse");
  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_WRITE_UPDATED_RESPONSE_COMPLETE);
  return WriteResponseInfoToEntry(response_, false);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheWriteUpdatedResponseComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io",
               "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheWriteUpdatedResponseComplete");
  TransitionToState(STATE_UPDATE_CACHED_RESPONSE_COMPLETE);
  return OnWriteResponseInfoToEntryComplete(result);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoUpdateCachedResponseComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoUpdateCachedResponseComplete");
  if (mode_ == UPDATE) {
    DCHECK(!handling_206_);
    // We got a "not modified" response and already updated the corresponding
    // cache entry above.
    //
    // By stopping to write to the cache now, we make sure that the 304 rather
    // than the cached 200 response, is what will be returned to the user.
    DoneWithEntry(true);
  } else if (entry_ && !handling_206_) {
    DCHECK_EQ(READ_WRITE, mode_);
    if ((!partial_ && !cache_->IsWritingInProgress(entry_)) ||
        (partial_ && partial_->IsLastRange())) {
      mode_ = READ;
    }
    // We no longer need the network transaction, so destroy it.
    if (network_trans_)
      ResetNetworkTransaction();
  } else if (entry_ && handling_206_ && truncated_ &&
             partial_->initial_validation()) {
    // We just finished the validation of a truncated entry, and the server
    // is willing to resume the operation. Now we go back and start serving
    // the first part to the user.
    if (network_trans_)
      ResetNetworkTransaction();
    new_response_ = nullptr;
    TransitionToState(STATE_START_PARTIAL_CACHE_VALIDATION);
    partial_->SetRangeToStartDownload();
    return OK;
  }
  TransitionToState(STATE_OVERWRITE_CACHED_RESPONSE);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoOverwriteCachedResponse() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoOverwriteCachedResponse");
  if (mode_ & READ) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_PARTIAL_HEADERS_RECEIVED);
    return OK;
  }

  // We change the value of Content-Length for partial content.
  if (handling_206_ && partial_)
    partial_->FixContentLength(new_response_->headers.get());

  SetResponse(*new_response_);

  if (method_ == "HEAD") {
    // This response is replacing the cached one.
    DoneWithEntry(false);
    new_response_ = nullptr;
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return OK;
  }

  if (handling_206_ && !CanResume(false)) {
    // There is no point in storing this resource because it will never be used.
    // This may change if we support LOAD_ONLY_FROM_CACHE with sparse entries.
    DoneWithEntry(false);
    if (partial_)
      partial_->FixResponseHeaders(response_.headers.get(), true);
    TransitionToState(STATE_PARTIAL_HEADERS_RECEIVED);
    return OK;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_WRITE_RESPONSE);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheWriteResponse() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheWriteResponse");

  // Invalidate any current entry with a successful response if this transaction
  // cannot write to this entry. This transaction then continues to read from
  // the network without writing to the backend.
  bool is_match = response_.headers->response_code() == 304;
  if (entry_ && response_.headers &&
      !cache_->CanTransactionWriteResponseHeaders(
          entry_, this, partial_ != nullptr, is_match)) {
    done_headers_create_new_entry_ = true;

    // The transaction needs to overwrite this response. Doom the current entry,
    // create a new one (by going to STATE_INIT_ENTRY), and then jump straight
    // to writing out the response, bypassing the headers checks. The mode_ is
    // set to WRITE in order to doom any other existing entries that might exist
    // so that this transaction can go straight to writing a response.
    mode_ = WRITE;
    TransitionToState(STATE_INIT_ENTRY);
    cache_->DoomEntryValidationNoMatch(entry_);
    entry_ = nullptr;
    return OK;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_WRITE_RESPONSE_COMPLETE);
  return WriteResponseInfoToEntry(response_, truncated_);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheWriteResponseComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheWriteResponseComplete");
  TransitionToState(STATE_TRUNCATE_CACHED_DATA);
  return OnWriteResponseInfoToEntryComplete(result);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoTruncateCachedData() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoTruncateCachedData");
  TransitionToState(STATE_TRUNCATE_CACHED_DATA_COMPLETE);
  if (!entry_)
    return OK;
  net_log_.BeginEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_WRITE_DATA);
  // Truncate the stream.
  return WriteToEntry(kResponseContentIndex, 0, nullptr, 0, io_callback_);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoTruncateCachedDataComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoInitEntry");
  if (entry_) {
    net_log_.EndEventWithNetErrorCode(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_WRITE_DATA,
                                      result);
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_PARTIAL_HEADERS_RECEIVED);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoPartialHeadersReceived() {
  new_response_ = nullptr;

  if (partial_ && mode_ != NONE && !reading_) {
    // We are about to return the headers for a byte-range request to the user,
    // so let's fix them.
    partial_->FixResponseHeaders(response_.headers.get(), true);
  }
  TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoHeadersPhaseCannotProceed(int result) {
  // If its the Start state machine and it cannot proceed due to a cache
  // failure, restart this transaction.
  DCHECK(!reading_);

  // Reset before invoking SetRequest() which can reset the request info sent to
  // network transaction.
  if (network_trans_)
    network_trans_.reset();

  new_response_ = nullptr;

  SetRequest(net_log_);

  entry_ = nullptr;
  new_entry_ = nullptr;

  // TODO(https://crbug.com/1219402): This should probably clear `response_`,
  // too, once things are fixed so it's safe to do so.

  // Bypass the cache for timeout scenario.
  if (result == ERR_CACHE_LOCK_TIMEOUT)
    effective_load_flags_ |= LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE;

  TransitionToState(STATE_GET_BACKEND);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoFinishHeaders(int result) {
  if (!cache_.get() || !entry_ || result != OK) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
    return result;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS_COMPLETE);

  // If it was an auth failure, this transaction should continue to be
  // headers_transaction till consumer takes an action, so no need to do
  // anything now.
  // TODO(crbug.com/740947). See the issue for a suggestion for cleaning the
  // state machine to be able to remove this condition.
  if (auth_response_.headers.get())
    return OK;

  // If the transaction needs to wait because another transaction is still
  // writing the response body, it will return ERR_IO_PENDING now and the
  // io_callback_ will be invoked when the wait is done.
  int rv = cache_->DoneWithResponseHeaders(entry_, this, partial_ != nullptr);
  DCHECK(!reading_ || rv == OK) << "Expected OK, but got " << rv;

  if (rv == ERR_IO_PENDING) {
    DCHECK(entry_lock_waiting_since_.is_null());
    entry_lock_waiting_since_ = TimeTicks::Now();
    AddCacheLockTimeoutHandler(entry_);
  }
  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoFinishHeadersComplete(int rv) {
  entry_lock_waiting_since_ = TimeTicks();
  if (rv == ERR_CACHE_RACE || rv == ERR_CACHE_LOCK_TIMEOUT) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_HEADERS_PHASE_CANNOT_PROCEED);
    return rv;
  }

  if (network_trans_ && InWriters()) {
    entry_->writers->SetNetworkTransaction(this, std::move(network_trans_));
    moved_network_transaction_to_writers_ = true;
  }

  // If already reading, that means it is a partial request coming back to the
  // headers phase, continue to the appropriate reading state.
  if (reading_) {
    int reading_state_rv = TransitionToReadingState();
    DCHECK_EQ(OK, reading_state_rv);
    return OK;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoNetworkReadCacheWrite() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoNetworkReadCacheWrite");
  DCHECK(InWriters());
  TransitionToState(STATE_NETWORK_READ_CACHE_WRITE_COMPLETE);
  return entry_->writers->Read(read_buf_, read_buf_len_, io_callback_, this);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoNetworkReadCacheWriteComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoNetworkReadCacheWriteComplete");
  if (!cache_.get()) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;
  }
  // |result| will be error code in case of network read failure and |this|
  // cannot proceed further, so set entry_ to null. |result| will not be error
  // in case of cache write failure since |this| can continue to read from the
  // network. If response is completed, then also set entry to null.
  if (result < 0) {
    // We should have discovered this error in WriterAboutToBeRemovedFromEntry
    DCHECK_EQ(result, shared_writing_error_);
    DCHECK_EQ(NONE, mode_);
    DCHECK(!entry_);
    TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
    return result;
  }

  if (partial_) {
    return DoPartialNetworkReadCompleted(result);
  }

  if (result == 0) {
    DCHECK_EQ(NONE, mode_);
    DCHECK(!entry_);
  } else {
    read_offset_ += result;
  }
  TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
  return result;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoPartialNetworkReadCompleted(int result) {
  DCHECK(partial_);

  // Go to the next range if nothing returned or return the result.
  // TODO(shivanisha) Simplify this condition if possible. It was introduced
  // in https://codereview.chromium.org/545101
  if (result != 0 || truncated_ ||
      !(partial_->IsLastRange() || mode_ == WRITE)) {
    partial_->OnNetworkReadCompleted(result);

    if (result == 0) {
      // We need to move on to the next range.
      if (network_trans_) {
        ResetNetworkTransaction();
      } else if (InWriters() && entry_->writers->network_transaction()) {
        SaveNetworkTransactionInfo(*(entry_->writers->network_transaction()));
        entry_->writers->ResetNetworkTransaction();
      }
      TransitionToState(STATE_START_PARTIAL_CACHE_VALIDATION);
    } else {
      TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
    }
    return result;
  }

  // Request completed.
  if (result == 0) {
    DoneWithEntry(true);
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
  return result;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoNetworkRead() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoNetworkRead");
  TransitionToState(STATE_NETWORK_READ_COMPLETE);
  return network_trans_->Read(read_buf_.get(), read_buf_len_, io_callback_);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoNetworkReadComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoNetworkReadComplete");

  if (!cache_.get()) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;
  }

  if (partial_)
    return DoPartialNetworkReadCompleted(result);

  TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
  return result;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheReadData() {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheReadData");

  if (method_ == "HEAD") {
    TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
    return 0;
  }

  DCHECK(entry_);
  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_READ_DATA_COMPLETE);

  net_log_.BeginEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_READ_DATA);
  if (partial_) {
    return partial_->CacheRead(entry_->disk_entry, read_buf_.get(),
                               read_buf_len_, io_callback_);
  }

  return entry_->disk_entry->ReadData(kResponseContentIndex, read_offset_,
                                      read_buf_.get(), read_buf_len_,
                                      io_callback_);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoCacheReadDataComplete(int result) {
  TRACE_EVENT0("io", "HttpCacheTransaction::DoCacheReadDataComplete");
  net_log_.EndEventWithNetErrorCode(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_READ_DATA,
                                    result);

  if (!cache_.get()) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
    return ERR_UNEXPECTED;
  }

  if (partial_) {
    // Partial requests are confusing to report in histograms because they may
    // have multiple underlying requests.
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
    return DoPartialCacheReadCompleted(result);
  }

  if (result > 0) {
    read_offset_ += result;
  } else if (result == 0) {  // End of file.
    DoneWithEntry(true);
  } else {
    return OnCacheReadError(result, false);
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
  return result;
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetRequest(const NetLogWithSource& net_log) {
  net_log_ = net_log;

  // Reset the variables that might get set in this function. This is done
  // because this function can be invoked multiple times for a transaction.
  cache_entry_status_ = CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_UNDEFINED;
  external_validation_.Reset();
  range_requested_ = false;
  partial_.reset();

  request_ = initial_request_;
  custom_request_.reset();

  effective_load_flags_ = request_->load_flags;
  method_ = request_->method;

  if (cache_->mode() == DISABLE)
    effective_load_flags_ |= LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE;

  // Some headers imply load flags.  The order here is significant.
  //
  //   LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE   : no cache read or write
  //   LOAD_BYPASS_CACHE    : no cache read
  //   LOAD_VALIDATE_CACHE  : no cache read unless validation
  //
  // The former modes trump latter modes, so if we find a matching header we
  // can stop iterating kSpecialHeaders.
  //
  static const struct {
    const HeaderNameAndValue* search;
    int load_flag;
  } kSpecialHeaders[] = {
    { kPassThroughHeaders, LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE },
    { kForceFetchHeaders, LOAD_BYPASS_CACHE },
    { kForceValidateHeaders, LOAD_VALIDATE_CACHE },
  };

  bool range_found = false;
  bool external_validation_error = false;
  bool special_headers = false;

  if (request_->extra_headers.HasHeader(HttpRequestHeaders::kRange))
    range_found = true;

  for (size_t i = 0; i < std::size(kSpecialHeaders); ++i) {
    if (HeaderMatches(request_->extra_headers, kSpecialHeaders[i].search)) {
      effective_load_flags_ |= kSpecialHeaders[i].load_flag;
      special_headers = true;
      break;
    }
  }

  // Check for conditionalization headers which may correspond with a
  // cache validation request.
  for (size_t i = 0; i < std::size(kValidationHeaders); ++i) {
    const ValidationHeaderInfo& info = kValidationHeaders[i];
    std::string validation_value;
    if (request_->extra_headers.GetHeader(
            info.request_header_name, &validation_value)) {
      if (!external_validation_.values[i].empty() ||
          validation_value.empty()) {
        external_validation_error = true;
      }
      external_validation_.values[i] = validation_value;
      external_validation_.initialized = true;
    }
  }

  if (range_found || special_headers || external_validation_.initialized) {
    // Log the headers before request_ is modified.
    std::string empty;
    NetLogRequestHeaders(net_log_,
                         NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_CALLER_REQUEST_HEADERS,
                         empty, &request_->extra_headers);
  }

  // We don't support ranges and validation headers.
  if (range_found && external_validation_.initialized) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Byte ranges AND validation headers found.";
    effective_load_flags_ |= LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE;
  }

  // If there is more than one validation header, we can't treat this request as
  // a cache validation, since we don't know for sure which header the server
  // will give us a response for (and they could be contradictory).
  if (external_validation_error) {
    LOG(WARNING) << "Multiple or malformed validation headers found.";
    effective_load_flags_ |= LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE;
  }

  if (range_found && !(effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE)) {
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
    partial_ = std::make_unique<PartialData>();
    if (method_ == "GET" && partial_->Init(request_->extra_headers)) {
      // We will be modifying the actual range requested to the server, so
      // let's remove the header here.
      // Note that custom_request_ is a shallow copy so will keep the same
      // pointer to upload data stream as in the original request.
      custom_request_ = std::make_unique<HttpRequestInfo>(*request_);
      custom_request_->extra_headers.RemoveHeader(HttpRequestHeaders::kRange);
      request_ = custom_request_.get();
      partial_->SetHeaders(custom_request_->extra_headers);
    } else {
      // The range is invalid or we cannot handle it properly.
      VLOG(1) << "Invalid byte range found.";
      effective_load_flags_ |= LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE;
      partial_.reset(nullptr);
    }
  }
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::ShouldPassThrough() {
  bool cacheable = true;

  // We may have a null disk_cache if there is an error we cannot recover from,
  // like not enough disk space, or sharing violations.
  if (!cache_->disk_cache_.get()) {
    cacheable = false;
  } else if (effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_DISABLE_CACHE) {
    cacheable = false;
  }
  // Prevent resources whose origin is opaque from being cached. Blink's memory
  // cache should take care of reusing resources within the current page load,
  // but otherwise a resource with an opaque top-frame origin won't be used
  // again. Also, if the request does not have a top frame origin, bypass the
  // cache otherwise resources from different pages could share a cached entry
  // in such cases.
  else if (HttpCache::IsSplitCacheEnabled() &&
           request_->network_isolation_key.IsTransient()) {
    cacheable = false;
  } else if (method_ == "GET" || method_ == "HEAD") {
  } else if (method_ == "POST" && request_->upload_data_stream &&
             request_->upload_data_stream->identifier()) {
  } else if (method_ == "PUT" && request_->upload_data_stream) {
  }
  // DELETE and PATCH requests may result in invalidating the cache, so cannot
  // just pass through.
  else if (method_ == "DELETE" || method_ == "PATCH") {
  } else {
    cacheable = false;
  }

  NetworkIsolationKeyPresent nik_present_enum =
      request_->network_isolation_key.IsFullyPopulated()
          ? NetworkIsolationKeyPresent::kPresent
          : cacheable
                ? NetworkIsolationKeyPresent::kNotPresentCacheableRequest
                : NetworkIsolationKeyPresent::kNotPresentNonCacheableRequest;

  UMA_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION("HttpCache.NetworkIsolationKeyPresent2",
                            nik_present_enum);

  return !cacheable;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::BeginCacheRead() {
  // We don't support any combination of LOAD_ONLY_FROM_CACHE and byte ranges.
  // TODO(jkarlin): Either handle this case or DCHECK.
  if (response_.headers->response_code() == 206 || partial_) {
    NOTREACHED();
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return ERR_CACHE_MISS;
  }

  // We don't have the whole resource.
  if (truncated_) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return ERR_CACHE_MISS;
  }

  if (RequiresValidation() != VALIDATION_NONE) {
    TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
    return ERR_CACHE_MISS;
  }

  if (method_ == "HEAD")
    FixHeadersForHead();

  TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::BeginCacheValidation() {
  DCHECK_EQ(mode_, READ_WRITE);

  ValidationType required_validation = RequiresValidation();

  bool skip_validation = (required_validation == VALIDATION_NONE);
  bool needs_stale_while_revalidate_cache_update = false;

  if ((effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_SUPPORT_ASYNC_REVALIDATION) &&
      required_validation == VALIDATION_ASYNCHRONOUS) {
    DCHECK_EQ(request_->method, "GET");
    skip_validation = true;
    response_.async_revalidation_requested = true;
    needs_stale_while_revalidate_cache_update =
        response_.stale_revalidate_timeout.is_null();
  }

  if (method_ == "HEAD" &&
      (truncated_ || response_.headers->response_code() == 206)) {
    DCHECK(!partial_);
    if (skip_validation) {
      TransitionToState(STATE_SETUP_ENTRY_FOR_READ);
      return OK;
    }

    // Bail out!
    TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
    mode_ = NONE;
    return OK;
  }

  if (truncated_) {
    // Truncated entries can cause partial gets, so we shouldn't record this
    // load in histograms.
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
    skip_validation = !partial_->initial_validation();
  }

  // If this is the first request (!reading_) of a 206 entry (is_sparse_) that
  // doesn't actually cover the entire file (which with !reading would require
  // partial->IsLastRange()), and the user is requesting the whole thing
  // (!partial_->range_requested()), make sure to validate the first chunk,
  // since afterwards it will be too late if it's actually out-of-date (or the
  // server bungles invalidation). This is limited to the whole-file request
  // as a targeted fix for https://crbug.com/888742 while avoiding extra
  // requests in other cases, but the problem can occur more generally as well;
  // it's just a lot less likely with applications actively using ranges.
  // See https://crbug.com/902724 for the more general case.
  bool first_read_of_full_from_partial =
      is_sparse_ && !reading_ &&
      (partial_ && !partial_->range_requested() && !partial_->IsLastRange());

  if (partial_ && (is_sparse_ || truncated_) &&
      (!partial_->IsCurrentRangeCached() || invalid_range_ ||
       first_read_of_full_from_partial)) {
    // Force revalidation for sparse or truncated entries. Note that we don't
    // want to ignore the regular validation logic just because a byte range was
    // part of the request.
    skip_validation = false;
  }

  if (skip_validation) {
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_USED);
    TransitionToState(needs_stale_while_revalidate_cache_update
                          ? STATE_CACHE_UPDATE_STALE_WHILE_REVALIDATE_TIMEOUT
                          : STATE_SETUP_ENTRY_FOR_READ);
    return OK;
  } else {
    // Make the network request conditional, to see if we may reuse our cached
    // response.  If we cannot do so, then we just resort to a normal fetch.
    // Our mode remains READ_WRITE for a conditional request.  Even if the
    // conditionalization fails, we don't switch to WRITE mode until we
    // know we won't be falling back to using the cache entry in the
    // LOAD_FROM_CACHE_IF_OFFLINE case.
    if (!ConditionalizeRequest()) {
      couldnt_conditionalize_request_ = true;
      UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_CANT_CONDITIONALIZE);
      if (partial_)
        return DoRestartPartialRequest();

      DCHECK_NE(206, response_.headers->response_code());
    }
    TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
  }
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::BeginPartialCacheValidation() {
  DCHECK_EQ(mode_, READ_WRITE);

  if (response_.headers->response_code() != 206 && !partial_ && !truncated_)
    return BeginCacheValidation();

  // Partial requests should not be recorded in histograms.
  UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
  if (method_ == "HEAD")
    return BeginCacheValidation();

  if (!range_requested_) {
    // The request is not for a range, but we have stored just ranges.

    partial_ = std::make_unique<PartialData>();
    partial_->SetHeaders(request_->extra_headers);
    if (!custom_request_.get()) {
      custom_request_ = std::make_unique<HttpRequestInfo>(*request_);
      request_ = custom_request_.get();
    }
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_CACHE_QUERY_DATA);
  return OK;
}

// This should only be called once per request.
int HttpCache::Transaction::ValidateEntryHeadersAndContinue() {
  DCHECK_EQ(mode_, READ_WRITE);

  if (!partial_->UpdateFromStoredHeaders(response_.headers.get(),
                                         entry_->disk_entry, truncated_,
                                         cache_->IsWritingInProgress(entry_))) {
    return DoRestartPartialRequest();
  }

  if (response_.headers->response_code() == 206)
    is_sparse_ = true;

  if (!partial_->IsRequestedRangeOK()) {
    // The stored data is fine, but the request may be invalid.
    invalid_range_ = true;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_START_PARTIAL_CACHE_VALIDATION);
  return OK;
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::
    ExternallyConditionalizedValidationHeadersMatchEntry() const {
  DCHECK(external_validation_.initialized);

  for (size_t i = 0; i < std::size(kValidationHeaders); i++) {
    if (external_validation_.values[i].empty())
      continue;

    // Retrieve either the cached response's "etag" or "last-modified" header.
    std::string validator;
    response_.headers->EnumerateHeader(
        nullptr, kValidationHeaders[i].related_response_header_name,
        &validator);

    if (validator != external_validation_.values[i]) {
      return false;
    }
  }

  return true;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::BeginExternallyConditionalizedRequest() {
  DCHECK_EQ(UPDATE, mode_);

  if (response_.headers->response_code() != 200 || truncated_ ||
      !ExternallyConditionalizedValidationHeadersMatchEntry()) {
    // The externally conditionalized request is not a validation request
    // for our existing cache entry. Proceed with caching disabled.
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
    DoneWithEntry(true);
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_SEND_REQUEST);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::RestartNetworkRequest() {
  DCHECK(mode_ & WRITE || mode_ == NONE);
  DCHECK(network_trans_.get());
  DCHECK_EQ(STATE_NONE, next_state_);

  next_state_ = STATE_SEND_REQUEST_COMPLETE;
  int rv = network_trans_->RestartIgnoringLastError(io_callback_);
  if (rv != ERR_IO_PENDING)
    return DoLoop(rv);
  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::RestartNetworkRequestWithCertificate(
    scoped_refptr<X509Certificate> client_cert,
    scoped_refptr<SSLPrivateKey> client_private_key) {
  DCHECK(mode_ & WRITE || mode_ == NONE);
  DCHECK(network_trans_.get());
  DCHECK_EQ(STATE_NONE, next_state_);

  next_state_ = STATE_SEND_REQUEST_COMPLETE;
  int rv = network_trans_->RestartWithCertificate(
      std::move(client_cert), std::move(client_private_key), io_callback_);
  if (rv != ERR_IO_PENDING)
    return DoLoop(rv);
  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::RestartNetworkRequestWithAuth(
    const AuthCredentials& credentials) {
  DCHECK(mode_ & WRITE || mode_ == NONE);
  DCHECK(network_trans_.get());
  DCHECK_EQ(STATE_NONE, next_state_);

  next_state_ = STATE_SEND_REQUEST_COMPLETE;
  int rv = network_trans_->RestartWithAuth(credentials, io_callback_);
  if (rv != ERR_IO_PENDING)
    return DoLoop(rv);
  return rv;
}

ValidationType HttpCache::Transaction::RequiresValidation() {
  // TODO(darin): need to do more work here:
  //  - make sure we have a matching request method
  //  - watch out for cached responses that depend on authentication

  if (!(effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_SKIP_VARY_CHECK) &&
      response_.vary_data.is_valid() &&
      !response_.vary_data.MatchesRequest(*request_,
                                          *response_.headers.get())) {
    vary_mismatch_ = true;
    validation_cause_ = VALIDATION_CAUSE_VARY_MISMATCH;
    return VALIDATION_SYNCHRONOUS;
  }

  if (effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_SKIP_CACHE_VALIDATION)
    return VALIDATION_NONE;

  base::TimeDelta response_time_in_cache =
      cache_->clock_->Now() - response_.response_time;
  if (response_.unused_since_prefetch &&
      !(effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_PREFETCH) &&
      (response_time_in_cache < base::Minutes(kPrefetchReuseMins)) &&
      (response_time_in_cache >= base::TimeDelta())) {
    // The first use of a resource after prefetch within a short window skips
    // validation.
    return VALIDATION_NONE;
  }

  if (effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_VALIDATE_CACHE) {
    validation_cause_ = VALIDATION_CAUSE_VALIDATE_FLAG;
    return VALIDATION_SYNCHRONOUS;
  }

  if (method_ == "PUT" || method_ == "DELETE" || method_ == "PATCH")
    return VALIDATION_SYNCHRONOUS;

  ValidationType validation_required_by_headers =
      response_.headers->RequiresValidation(response_.request_time,
                                            response_.response_time,
                                            cache_->clock_->Now());

  if (validation_required_by_headers != VALIDATION_NONE) {
    HttpResponseHeaders::FreshnessLifetimes lifetimes =
        response_.headers->GetFreshnessLifetimes(response_.response_time);
    if (lifetimes.freshness == base::TimeDelta()) {
      validation_cause_ = VALIDATION_CAUSE_ZERO_FRESHNESS;
    } else {
      validation_cause_ = VALIDATION_CAUSE_STALE;
    }
  }

  if (validation_required_by_headers == VALIDATION_ASYNCHRONOUS) {
    // Asynchronous revalidation is only supported for GET methods.
    if (request_->method != "GET")
      return VALIDATION_SYNCHRONOUS;

    // If the timeout on the staleness revalidation is set don't hand out
    // a resource that hasn't been async validated.
    if (!response_.stale_revalidate_timeout.is_null() &&
        response_.stale_revalidate_timeout < cache_->clock_->Now()) {
      return VALIDATION_SYNCHRONOUS;
    }
  }

  return validation_required_by_headers;
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::IsResponseConditionalizable(
    std::string* etag_value,
    std::string* last_modified_value) const {
  DCHECK(response_.headers.get());

  // This only makes sense for cached 200 or 206 responses.
  if (response_.headers->response_code() != 200 &&
      response_.headers->response_code() != 206) {
    return false;
  }

  // Just use the first available ETag and/or Last-Modified header value.
  // TODO(darin): Or should we use the last?

  if (response_.headers->GetHttpVersion() >= HttpVersion(1, 1))
    response_.headers->EnumerateHeader(nullptr, "etag", etag_value);

  response_.headers->EnumerateHeader(nullptr, "last-modified",
                                     last_modified_value);

  if (etag_value->empty() && last_modified_value->empty())
    return false;

  return true;
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::ShouldOpenOnlyMethods() const {
  // These methods indicate that we should only try to open an entry and not
  // fallback to create.
  return method_ == "PUT" || method_ == "DELETE" || method_ == "PATCH" ||
         (method_ == "HEAD" && mode_ == READ_WRITE);
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::ConditionalizeRequest() {
  DCHECK(response_.headers.get());

  if (method_ == "PUT" || method_ == "DELETE" || method_ == "PATCH")
    return false;

  if (fail_conditionalization_for_test_)
    return false;

  std::string etag_value;
  std::string last_modified_value;
  if (!IsResponseConditionalizable(&etag_value, &last_modified_value))
    return false;

  DCHECK(response_.headers->response_code() != 206 ||
         response_.headers->HasStrongValidators());

  if (vary_mismatch_) {
    // Can't rely on last-modified if vary is different.
    last_modified_value.clear();
    if (etag_value.empty())
      return false;
  }

  if (!partial_) {
    // Need to customize the request, so this forces us to allocate :(
    custom_request_ = std::make_unique<HttpRequestInfo>(*request_);
    request_ = custom_request_.get();
  }
  DCHECK(custom_request_.get());

  bool use_if_range =
      partial_ && !partial_->IsCurrentRangeCached() && !invalid_range_;

  if (!etag_value.empty()) {
    if (use_if_range) {
      // We don't want to switch to WRITE mode if we don't have this block of a
      // byte-range request because we may have other parts cached.
      custom_request_->extra_headers.SetHeader(
          HttpRequestHeaders::kIfRange, etag_value);
    } else {
      custom_request_->extra_headers.SetHeader(
          HttpRequestHeaders::kIfNoneMatch, etag_value);
    }
    // For byte-range requests, make sure that we use only one way to validate
    // the request.
    if (partial_ && !partial_->IsCurrentRangeCached())
      return true;
  }

  if (!last_modified_value.empty()) {
    if (use_if_range) {
      custom_request_->extra_headers.SetHeader(
          HttpRequestHeaders::kIfRange, last_modified_value);
    } else {
      custom_request_->extra_headers.SetHeader(
          HttpRequestHeaders::kIfModifiedSince, last_modified_value);
    }
  }

  return true;
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::MaybeRejectBasedOnEntryInMemoryData(
    uint8_t in_memory_info) {
  // Not going to be clever with those...
  if (partial_)
    return false;

  // Avoiding open based on in-memory hints requires us to be permitted to
  // modify the cache, including deleting an old entry. Only the READ_WRITE
  // and WRITE modes permit that... and WRITE never tries to open entries in the
  // first place, so we shouldn't see it here.
  DCHECK_NE(mode_, WRITE);
  if (mode_ != READ_WRITE)
    return false;

  // If we are loading ignoring cache validity (aka back button), obviously
  // can't reject things based on it.  Also if LOAD_ONLY_FROM_CACHE there is no
  // hope of network offering anything better.
  if (effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_SKIP_CACHE_VALIDATION ||
      effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_ONLY_FROM_CACHE)
    return false;

  return (in_memory_info & HINT_UNUSABLE_PER_CACHING_HEADERS) ==
         HINT_UNUSABLE_PER_CACHING_HEADERS;
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::ComputeUnusablePerCachingHeaders() {
  // unused_since_prefetch overrides some caching headers, so it may be useful
  // regardless of what they say.
  if (response_.unused_since_prefetch)
    return false;

  // Has an e-tag or last-modified: we can probably send a conditional request,
  // so it's potentially useful.
  std::string etag_ignored, last_modified_ignored;
  if (IsResponseConditionalizable(&etag_ignored, &last_modified_ignored))
    return false;

  // If none of the above is true and the entry has zero freshness, then it
  // won't be usable absent load flag override.
  return response_.headers->GetFreshnessLifetimes(response_.response_time)
      .freshness.is_zero();
}

// We just received some headers from the server. We may have asked for a range,
// in which case partial_ has an object. This could be the first network request
// we make to fulfill the original request, or we may be already reading (from
// the net and / or the cache). If we are not expecting a certain response, we
// just bypass the cache for this request (but again, maybe we are reading), and
// delete partial_ (so we are not able to "fix" the headers that we return to
// the user). This results in either a weird response for the caller (we don't
// expect it after all), or maybe a range that was not exactly what it was asked
// for.
//
// If the server is simply telling us that the resource has changed, we delete
// the cached entry and restart the request as the caller intended (by returning
// false from this method). However, we may not be able to do that at any point,
// for instance if we already returned the headers to the user.
//
// WARNING: Whenever this code returns false, it has to make sure that the next
// time it is called it will return true so that we don't keep retrying the
// request.
bool HttpCache::Transaction::ValidatePartialResponse() {
  const HttpResponseHeaders* headers = new_response_->headers.get();
  int response_code = headers->response_code();
  bool partial_response = (response_code == 206);
  handling_206_ = false;

  if (!entry_ || method_ != "GET")
    return true;

  if (invalid_range_) {
    // We gave up trying to match this request with the stored data. If the
    // server is ok with the request, delete the entry, otherwise just ignore
    // this request
    DCHECK(!reading_);
    if (partial_response || response_code == 200) {
      DoomPartialEntry(true);
      mode_ = NONE;
    } else {
      if (response_code == 304) {
        // Change the response code of the request to be 416 (Requested range
        // not satisfiable).
        SetResponse(*new_response_);
        partial_->FixResponseHeaders(response_.headers.get(), false);
      }
      IgnoreRangeRequest();
    }
    return true;
  }

  if (!partial_) {
    // We are not expecting 206 but we may have one.
    if (partial_response)
      IgnoreRangeRequest();

    return true;
  }

  // TODO(rvargas): Do we need to consider other results here?.
  bool failure = response_code == 200 || response_code == 416;

  if (partial_->IsCurrentRangeCached()) {
    // We asked for "If-None-Match: " so a 206 means a new object.
    if (partial_response)
      failure = true;

    if (response_code == 304 && partial_->ResponseHeadersOK(headers))
      return true;
  } else {
    // We asked for "If-Range: " so a 206 means just another range.
    if (partial_response) {
      if (partial_->ResponseHeadersOK(headers)) {
        handling_206_ = true;
        return true;
      } else {
        failure = true;
      }
    }

    if (!reading_ && !is_sparse_ && !partial_response) {
      // See if we can ignore the fact that we issued a byte range request.
      // If the server sends 200, just store it. If it sends an error, redirect
      // or something else, we may store the response as long as we didn't have
      // anything already stored.
      if (response_code == 200 ||
          (!truncated_ && response_code != 304 && response_code != 416)) {
        // The server is sending something else, and we can save it.
        DCHECK((truncated_ && !partial_->IsLastRange()) || range_requested_);
        partial_.reset();
        truncated_ = false;
        return true;
      }
    }

    // 304 is not expected here, but we'll spare the entry (unless it was
    // truncated).
    if (truncated_)
      failure = true;
  }

  if (failure) {
    // We cannot truncate this entry, it has to be deleted.
    UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
    mode_ = NONE;
    if (is_sparse_ || truncated_) {
      // There was something cached to start with, either sparsed data (206), or
      // a truncated 200, which means that we probably modified the request,
      // adding a byte range or modifying the range requested by the caller.
      if (!reading_ && !partial_->IsLastRange()) {
        // We have not returned anything to the caller yet so it should be safe
        // to issue another network request, this time without us messing up the
        // headers.
        ResetPartialState(true);
        return false;
      }
      LOG(WARNING) << "Failed to revalidate partial entry";
    }
    DoomPartialEntry(true);
    return true;
  }

  IgnoreRangeRequest();
  return true;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::IgnoreRangeRequest() {
  // We have a problem. We may or may not be reading already (in which case we
  // returned the headers), but we'll just pretend that this request is not
  // using the cache and see what happens. Most likely this is the first
  // response from the server (it's not changing its mind midway, right?).
  UpdateCacheEntryStatus(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
  DoneWithEntry(mode_ != WRITE);
  partial_.reset(nullptr);
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::FixHeadersForHead() {
  if (response_.headers->response_code() == 206) {
    response_.headers->RemoveHeader("Content-Range");
    response_.headers->ReplaceStatusLine("HTTP/1.1 200 OK");
  }
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoSetupEntryForRead() {
  if (network_trans_)
    ResetNetworkTransaction();

  if (!entry_) {
    // Entry got destroyed when twiddling SWR bits.
    TransitionToState(STATE_HEADERS_PHASE_CANNOT_PROCEED);
    return OK;
  }

  if (partial_) {
    if (truncated_ || is_sparse_ ||
        (!invalid_range_ && (response_.headers->response_code() == 200 ||
                             response_.headers->response_code() == 206))) {
      // We are going to return the saved response headers to the caller, so
      // we may need to adjust them first. In cases we are handling a range
      // request to a regular entry, we want the response to be a 200 or 206,
      // since others can't really be turned into a 206.
      TransitionToState(STATE_PARTIAL_HEADERS_RECEIVED);
      return OK;
    } else {
      partial_.reset();
    }
  }

  if (!cache_->IsWritingInProgress(entry_))
    mode_ = READ;

  if (method_ == "HEAD")
    FixHeadersForHead();

  TransitionToState(STATE_FINISH_HEADERS);
  return OK;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::WriteToEntry(int index,
                                         int offset,
                                         IOBuffer* data,
                                         int data_len,
                                         CompletionOnceCallback callback) {
  if (!entry_)
    return data_len;

  int rv = 0;
  if (!partial_ || !data_len) {
    rv = entry_->disk_entry->WriteData(index, offset, data, data_len,
                                       std::move(callback), true);
  } else {
    rv = partial_->CacheWrite(entry_->disk_entry, data, data_len,
                              std::move(callback));
  }
  return rv;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::WriteResponseInfoToEntry(
    const HttpResponseInfo& response,
    bool truncated) {
  if (!entry_)
    return OK;

  net_log_.BeginEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_WRITE_INFO);

  // Do not cache content with cert errors. This is to prevent not reporting net
  // errors when loading a resource from the cache.  When we load a page over
  // HTTPS with a cert error we show an SSL blocking page.  If the user clicks
  // proceed we reload the resource ignoring the errors.  The loaded resource is
  // then cached.  If that resource is subsequently loaded from the cache, no
  // net error is reported (even though the cert status contains the actual
  // errors) and no SSL blocking page is shown.  An alternative would be to
  // reverse-map the cert status to a net error and replay the net error.
  if (IsCertStatusError(response.ssl_info.cert_status) ||
      ShouldDisableCaching(*response.headers)) {
    if (partial_)
      partial_->FixResponseHeaders(response_.headers.get(), true);

    bool stopped = StopCachingImpl(false);
    DCHECK(stopped);
    net_log_.EndEventWithNetErrorCode(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_WRITE_INFO,
                                      OK);
    return OK;
  }

  if (truncated)
    DCHECK_EQ(200, response.headers->response_code());

  // When writing headers, we normally only write the non-transient headers.
  bool skip_transient_headers = true;
  scoped_refptr<PickledIOBuffer> data(new PickledIOBuffer());
  response.Persist(data->pickle(), skip_transient_headers, truncated);
  data->Done();

  io_buf_len_ = data->pickle()->size();

  // Summarize some info on cacheability in memory. Don't do it if doomed
  // since then |entry_| isn't definitive for |cache_key_|.
  if (!entry_->doomed) {
    cache_->GetCurrentBackend()->SetEntryInMemoryData(
        cache_key_, ComputeUnusablePerCachingHeaders()
                        ? HINT_UNUSABLE_PER_CACHING_HEADERS
                        : 0);
  }

  return entry_->disk_entry->WriteData(kResponseInfoIndex, 0, data.get(),
                                       io_buf_len_, io_callback_, true);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::OnWriteResponseInfoToEntryComplete(int result) {
  if (!entry_)
    return OK;
  net_log_.EndEventWithNetErrorCode(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_WRITE_INFO,
                                    result);

  if (result != io_buf_len_) {
    DLOG(ERROR) << "failed to write response info to cache";
    DoneWithEntry(false);
  }
  return OK;
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::StopCachingImpl(bool success) {
  bool stopped = false;
  // Let writers know so that it doesn't attempt to write to the cache.
  if (InWriters()) {
    stopped = entry_->writers->StopCaching(success /* keep_entry */);
    if (stopped)
      mode_ = NONE;
  } else if (entry_) {
    stopped = true;
    DoneWithEntry(success /* entry_is_complete */);
  }
  return stopped;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::DoneWithEntry(bool entry_is_complete) {
  if (!entry_)
    return;

  cache_->DoneWithEntry(entry_, this, entry_is_complete, partial_ != nullptr);
  entry_ = nullptr;
  mode_ = NONE;  // switch to 'pass through' mode
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::OnCacheReadError(int result, bool restart) {
  DLOG(ERROR) << "ReadData failed: " << result;
  const int result_for_histogram = std::max(0, -result);
  if (restart) {
    base::UmaHistogramSparse("HttpCache.ReadErrorRestartable",
                             result_for_histogram);
  } else {
    base::UmaHistogramSparse("HttpCache.ReadErrorNonRestartable",
                             result_for_histogram);
  }

  // Avoid using this entry in the future.
  if (cache_.get())
    cache_->DoomActiveEntry(cache_key_);

  if (restart) {
    DCHECK(!reading_);
    DCHECK(!network_trans_.get());

    // Since we are going to add this to a new entry, not recording histograms
    // or setting mode to NONE at this point by invoking the wrapper
    // DoneWithEntry.
    cache_->DoneWithEntry(entry_, this, true /* entry_is_complete */,
                          partial_ != nullptr);
    entry_ = nullptr;
    is_sparse_ = false;
    // It's OK to use PartialData::RestoreHeaders here as |restart| is only set
    // when the HttpResponseInfo couldn't even be read, at which point it's
    // too early for range info in |partial_| to have changed.
    if (partial_)
      partial_->RestoreHeaders(&custom_request_->extra_headers);
    partial_.reset();
    TransitionToState(STATE_GET_BACKEND);
    return OK;
  }

  TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
  return ERR_CACHE_READ_FAILURE;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::OnCacheLockTimeout(base::TimeTicks start_time) {
  if (entry_lock_waiting_since_ != start_time)
    return;

  DCHECK(next_state_ == STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY_COMPLETE ||
         next_state_ == STATE_FINISH_HEADERS_COMPLETE);

  if (!cache_)
    return;

  if (next_state_ == STATE_ADD_TO_ENTRY_COMPLETE)
    cache_->RemovePendingTransaction(this);
  else
    DoneWithEntry(false /* entry_is_complete */);
  OnIOComplete(ERR_CACHE_LOCK_TIMEOUT);
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::DoomPartialEntry(bool delete_object) {
  DVLOG(2) << "DoomPartialEntry";
  if (entry_ && !entry_->doomed) {
    int rv = cache_->DoomEntry(cache_key_, nullptr);
    DCHECK_EQ(OK, rv);
  }

  cache_->DoneWithEntry(entry_, this, false /* entry_is_complete */,
                        partial_ != nullptr);
  entry_ = nullptr;
  is_sparse_ = false;
  truncated_ = false;
  if (delete_object)
    partial_.reset(nullptr);
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoPartialCacheReadCompleted(int result) {
  partial_->OnCacheReadCompleted(result);

  if (result == 0 && mode_ == READ_WRITE) {
    // We need to move on to the next range.
    TransitionToState(STATE_START_PARTIAL_CACHE_VALIDATION);
  } else if (result < 0) {
    return OnCacheReadError(result, false);
  } else {
    TransitionToState(STATE_NONE);
  }
  return result;
}

int HttpCache::Transaction::DoRestartPartialRequest() {
  // The stored data cannot be used. Get rid of it and restart this request.
  net_log_.AddEvent(NetLogEventType::HTTP_CACHE_RESTART_PARTIAL_REQUEST);

  // WRITE + Doom + STATE_INIT_ENTRY == STATE_CREATE_ENTRY (without an attempt
  // to Doom the entry again).
  ResetPartialState(!range_requested_);

  // Change mode to WRITE after ResetPartialState as that may have changed the
  // mode to NONE.
  mode_ = WRITE;
  TransitionToState(STATE_CREATE_ENTRY);
  return OK;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::ResetPartialState(bool delete_object) {
  partial_->RestoreHeaders(&custom_request_->extra_headers);
  DoomPartialEntry(delete_object);

  if (!delete_object) {
    // The simplest way to re-initialize partial_ is to create a new object.
    partial_ = std::make_unique<PartialData>();

    // Reset the range header to the original value (http://crbug.com/820599).
    custom_request_->extra_headers.RemoveHeader(HttpRequestHeaders::kRange);
    if (partial_->Init(initial_request_->extra_headers))
      partial_->SetHeaders(custom_request_->extra_headers);
    else
      partial_.reset();
  }
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::ResetNetworkTransaction() {
  SaveNetworkTransactionInfo(*network_trans_);
  network_trans_.reset();
}

const HttpTransaction* HttpCache::Transaction::network_transaction() const {
  if (network_trans_)
    return network_trans_.get();
  if (InWriters())
    return entry_->writers->network_transaction();
  return nullptr;
}

const HttpTransaction*
HttpCache::Transaction::GetOwnedOrMovedNetworkTransaction() const {
  if (network_trans_)
    return network_trans_.get();
  if (InWriters() && moved_network_transaction_to_writers_)
    return entry_->writers->network_transaction();
  return nullptr;
}

HttpTransaction* HttpCache::Transaction::network_transaction() {
  return const_cast<HttpTransaction*>(
      static_cast<const Transaction*>(this)->network_transaction());
}

// Histogram data from the end of 2010 show the following distribution of
// response headers:
//
//   Content-Length............... 87%
//   Date......................... 98%
//   Last-Modified................ 49%
//   Etag......................... 19%
//   Accept-Ranges: bytes......... 25%
//   Accept-Ranges: none.......... 0.4%
//   Strong Validator............. 50%
//   Strong Validator + ranges.... 24%
//   Strong Validator + CL........ 49%
//
bool HttpCache::Transaction::CanResume(bool has_data) {
  // Double check that there is something worth keeping.
  if (has_data && !entry_->disk_entry->GetDataSize(kResponseContentIndex))
    return false;

  if (method_ != "GET")
    return false;

  // Note that if this is a 206, content-length was already fixed after calling
  // PartialData::ResponseHeadersOK().
  if (response_.headers->GetContentLength() <= 0 ||
      response_.headers->HasHeaderValue("Accept-Ranges", "none") ||
      !response_.headers->HasStrongValidators()) {
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetResponse(const HttpResponseInfo& response) {
  response_ = response;
  SyncCacheEntryStatusToResponse();
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SetAuthResponse(
    const HttpResponseInfo& auth_response) {
  auth_response_ = auth_response;
  SyncCacheEntryStatusToResponse();
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::UpdateCacheEntryStatus(
    CacheEntryStatus new_cache_entry_status) {
  DCHECK_NE(CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_UNDEFINED, new_cache_entry_status);
  if (cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER)
    return;
  DCHECK(cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_UNDEFINED ||
         new_cache_entry_status == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER);
  cache_entry_status_ = new_cache_entry_status;
  SyncCacheEntryStatusToResponse();
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::SyncCacheEntryStatusToResponse() {
  if (cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_UNDEFINED)
    return;
  response_.cache_entry_status = cache_entry_status_;
  if (auth_response_.headers.get()) {
    auth_response_.cache_entry_status = cache_entry_status_;
  }
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::RecordHistograms() {
  DCHECK(!recorded_histograms_);
  recorded_histograms_ = true;

  web_fonts_histogram::MaybeRecordCacheStatus(
      cache_entry_status_,
      HttpCache::GetResourceURLFromHttpCacheKey(cache_key_));

  UMA_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION("HttpCache.ParallelWritingPattern",
                            parallel_writing_pattern_, PARALLEL_WRITING_MAX);

  if (CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_UNDEFINED == cache_entry_status_)
    return;

  if (!cache_.get() || !cache_->GetCurrentBackend() ||
      cache_->GetCurrentBackend()->GetCacheType() != DISK_CACHE ||
      cache_->mode() != NORMAL || method_ != "GET") {
    return;
  }

  bool validation_request =
      cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_VALIDATED ||
      cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_UPDATED;

  bool is_third_party = false;

  // Given that cache_entry_status_ is not ENTRY_UNDEFINED, the request must
  // have started and so request_ should exist.
  DCHECK(request_);
  if (request_->possibly_top_frame_origin) {
    is_third_party =
        !request_->possibly_top_frame_origin->IsSameOriginWith(request_->url);
  }

  std::string mime_type;
  HttpResponseHeaders* response_headers = GetResponseInfo()->headers.get();
  if (response_headers && response_headers->GetMimeType(&mime_type)) {
    // Record the cache pattern by resource type. The type is inferred by
    // response header mime type, which could be incorrect, so this is just an
    // estimate.
    if (mime_type == "text/html" &&
        (effective_load_flags_ & LOAD_MAIN_FRAME_DEPRECATED)) {
      CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".MainFrameHTML");
    } else if (mime_type == "text/html") {
      CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".NonMainFrameHTML");
    } else if (mime_type == "text/css") {
      if (is_third_party) {
        CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".CSSThirdParty");
      }
      CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".CSS");
    } else if (base::StartsWith(mime_type, "image/",
                                base::CompareCase::SENSITIVE)) {
      int64_t content_length = response_headers->GetContentLength();
      if (content_length >= 0 && content_length < 100) {
        CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".TinyImage");
      } else if (content_length >= 100) {
        CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".NonTinyImage");
      }
      CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".Image");
    } else if (base::EndsWith(mime_type, "javascript",
                              base::CompareCase::SENSITIVE) ||
               base::EndsWith(mime_type, "ecmascript",
                              base::CompareCase::SENSITIVE)) {
      if (is_third_party) {
        CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".JavaScriptThirdParty");
      }
      CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".JavaScript");
    } else if (mime_type.find("font") != std::string::npos) {
      if (is_third_party) {
        CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".FontThirdParty");
      }
      CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".Font");
    } else if (base::StartsWith(mime_type, "audio/",
                                base::CompareCase::SENSITIVE)) {
      CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".Audio");
    } else if (base::StartsWith(mime_type, "video/",
                                base::CompareCase::SENSITIVE)) {
      CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS(".Video");
    }
  }

  CACHE_STATUS_HISTOGRAMS("");
  if (validation_request) {
    UMA_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION("HttpCache.ValidationCause", validation_cause_,
                              VALIDATION_CAUSE_MAX);
  }

  if (cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_CANT_CONDITIONALIZE) {
    UMA_HISTOGRAM_ENUMERATION("HttpCache.CantConditionalizeCause",
                              validation_cause_, VALIDATION_CAUSE_MAX);
  }

  if (cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_OTHER)
    return;

  DCHECK(!range_requested_) << "Cache entry status " << cache_entry_status_;
  DCHECK(!first_cache_access_since_.is_null());

  base::TimeTicks now = base::TimeTicks::Now();
  base::TimeDelta total_time = now - first_cache_access_since_;

  UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.AccessToDone", total_time);

  bool did_send_request = !send_request_since_.is_null();
  DCHECK(
      (did_send_request &&
       (cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_NOT_IN_CACHE ||
        cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_VALIDATED ||
        cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_UPDATED ||
        cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_CANT_CONDITIONALIZE)) ||
      (!did_send_request &&
       (cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_USED ||
        cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_CANT_CONDITIONALIZE)));

  if (!did_send_request) {
    if (cache_entry_status_ == CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_USED)
      UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.AccessToDone.Used", total_time);
    return;
  }

  base::TimeDelta before_send_time =
      send_request_since_ - first_cache_access_since_;
  base::TimeDelta after_send_time = now - send_request_since_;

  UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.AccessToDone.SentRequest", total_time);
  UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.BeforeSend", before_send_time);

  // TODO(gavinp): Remove or minimize these histograms, particularly the ones
  // below this comment after we have received initial data.
  switch (cache_entry_status_) {
    case CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_CANT_CONDITIONALIZE: {
      UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.BeforeSend.CantConditionalize",
                          before_send_time);
      UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.AfterSend.CantConditionalize",
                          after_send_time);
      break;
    }
    case CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_NOT_IN_CACHE: {
      UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.BeforeSend.NotCached", before_send_time);
      UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.AfterSend.NotCached", after_send_time);
      break;
    }
    case CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_VALIDATED: {
      UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.BeforeSend.Validated", before_send_time);
      UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.AfterSend.Validated", after_send_time);
      break;
    }
    case CacheEntryStatus::ENTRY_UPDATED: {
      UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.AfterSend.Updated", after_send_time);
      UMA_HISTOGRAM_TIMES("HttpCache.BeforeSend.Updated", before_send_time);
      break;
    }
    default:
      NOTREACHED();
  }
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::InWriters() const {
  return entry_ && entry_->writers && entry_->writers->HasTransaction(this);
}

HttpCache::Transaction::NetworkTransactionInfo::NetworkTransactionInfo() =
    default;
HttpCache::Transaction::NetworkTransactionInfo::~NetworkTransactionInfo() =
    default;

void HttpCache::Transaction::SaveNetworkTransactionInfo(
    const HttpTransaction& transaction) {
  DCHECK(!network_transaction_info_.old_network_trans_load_timing);
  LoadTimingInfo load_timing;
  if (transaction.GetLoadTimingInfo(&load_timing)) {
    network_transaction_info_.old_network_trans_load_timing =
        std::make_unique<LoadTimingInfo>(load_timing);
  }

  network_transaction_info_.total_received_bytes +=
      transaction.GetTotalReceivedBytes();
  network_transaction_info_.total_sent_bytes += transaction.GetTotalSentBytes();

  ConnectionAttempts attempts;
  transaction.GetConnectionAttempts(&attempts);
  for (const auto& attempt : attempts)
    network_transaction_info_.old_connection_attempts.push_back(attempt);
  network_transaction_info_.old_remote_endpoint = IPEndPoint();
  transaction.GetRemoteEndpoint(&network_transaction_info_.old_remote_endpoint);
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::OnIOComplete(int result) {
  DoLoop(result);
}

void HttpCache::Transaction::TransitionToState(State state) {
  // Ensure that the state is only set once per Do* state.
  DCHECK(in_do_loop_);
  DCHECK_EQ(STATE_UNSET, next_state_) << "Next state is " << state;
  next_state_ = state;
}

bool HttpCache::Transaction::ShouldDisableCaching(
    const HttpResponseHeaders& headers) const {
  // Do not cache no-store content.
  if (headers.HasHeaderValue("cache-control", "no-store")) {
    return true;
  }

  bool disable_caching = false;
  if (base::FeatureList::IsEnabled(
          features::kTurnOffStreamingMediaCachingAlways) ||
      (base::FeatureList::IsEnabled(
           features::kTurnOffStreamingMediaCachingOnBattery) &&
       IsOnBatteryPower())) {
    // If the feature is always enabled or enabled while we're running on
    // battery, and the acquired content is 'large' and not already cached, and
    // we have a MIME type of audio or video, then disable the cache for this
    // response. We based our initial definition of 'large' on the disk cache
    // maximum block size of 16K, which we observed captures the majority of
    // responses from various MSE implementations.
    static constexpr int kMaxContentSize = 4096 * 4;
    std::string mime_type;
    base::CompareCase insensitive_ascii = base::CompareCase::INSENSITIVE_ASCII;
    if (headers.GetContentLength() > kMaxContentSize &&
        headers.response_code() != 304 && headers.GetMimeType(&mime_type) &&
        (base::StartsWith(mime_type, "video", insensitive_ascii) ||
         base::StartsWith(mime_type, "audio", insensitive_ascii))) {
      disable_caching = true;
      MediaCacheStatusResponseHistogram(
          MediaResponseCacheType::kMediaResponseTransactionCacheDisabled);
    } else {
      MediaCacheStatusResponseHistogram(
          MediaResponseCacheType::kMediaResponseTransactionCacheEnabled);
    }
  }
  return disable_caching;
}

}  // namespace net