text:
What to Know About Januvia (Sitagliptin)
More in Type 2 Diabetes
Oral & Injectable Medications
A1c Test Analyzer
Debra Manzella, RN
Debra Manzella, MS, RN, is a corporate clinical educator at Catholic Health System in New York with extensive experience in diabetes care.
Medically reviewed by Richard N. Fogoros, MD on November 09, 2017
Hailshadow / Getty Images
Januvia (sitagliptin phosphate) is approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for management of type 2 diabetes.
Januvia works to lower blood glucose levels by blocking an enzyme known as dipeptidyl peptidase IV, or DPP-4. In 2006, it became the first DPP-4 inhibitor approved in the United States. Other gliptins now available include Onglyza (saxagliptin) and Tradjenta (linagliptin). Januvia is also available combined with metformin in a medication called Janumet.
Type 2 diabetes, once known as adult-onset or non-insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic condition that affects the way your body metabolizes sugar (glucose), your body's most important source of fuel.
With type 2 diabetes, your body either resists the effects of insulin—a hormone that regulates the movement of sugar into your cells—or doesn't produce enough insulin to maintain a normal glucose level.
Januvia has been successful in clinical trials at helping to lower glucose in people with type 2 diabetes when standard methods, such as diet, exercise, and first-line medications, aren't enough. Januvia has shown good results in trials, both in combination with other drugs, such as metformin, as well as by itself. It is only prescribed to treat type 2 diabetes.
DPP-4 is responsible for breaking down the proteins that stimulate insulin production after a meal. If DPP-4 is inhibited, then these proteins can activate the release of insulin for a longer period of time, thereby lowering the glucose level in the blood.
Before Taking
Januvia is approved only for type 2 diabetes. If your doctor has suggested you take it, it's likely you've already tried diet, exercise, and first-line medications, such as metformin or a sulfonylurea.
Your doctor may prescribe Januvia instead of other, less expensive second-line diabetes medications because it is unlikely to cause hypoglycemia or weight gain. Januvia only works when it's needed, generally at mealtimes, so if there is no glucose in the blood, then there is no action from Januvia. If glucose levels rise, such as after a meal, then Januvia will work to lower that level.
Several trials have examined Januvia's use in people with type 1 diabetes, with mixed results. The long-term safety profile of Januvia for people with type 1 diabetes is unknown. It is not currently recommended for this condition.
If you have or have had pancreatitis, tell your doctor about it before taking Januvia. Some people taking Januvia have experienced pancreatitis, though it's currently not known whether the medication is the cause. There have also been rare reports of kidney and heart failure in people taking Januvia or other DPP-4 inhibitors.
Januvia should not be used by people who are experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis. Women who are pregnant or nursing also should not take Januvia, since little is known about its effects in pregnancy or when nursing.
Januvia comes in a 100-milligram tablet for once-daily dosing. For people with moderate kidney function, a 50-mg tablet is available for once-daily dosing. For those with severe kidney disease, a 25-mg tablet is available.
How to Take and Store
Januvia does not need to be taken with food. It should be stored at room temperature.
The most commonly reported side effects of Januvia include upper respiratory infection, sore throat, and headache.
Rarely, some people experience severe allergic or skin reactions to Januvia, including anaphylaxis. If you develop hives, swelling in your throat or difficulty breathing, blisters, a skin rash, or other severe reactions, stop taking Januvia and get emergency medical assistance.
There have also been reports of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer in a very small number of people taking Januvia. A recent meta-analysis found a slightly increased risk of pancreatitis, but no risk of pancreatic cancer when taking Januvia or other DPP-4 inhibitors. Ask your doctor to test for pancreas function soon after you start Januvia and at regular intervals thereafter.
Warnings and Interactions
Since Januvia is processed through the kidneys, your doctor should assess your renal (kidney) function before you take Januvia. People who have impaired renal function may need to have their dose of Januvia lowered, since there have been rare reports of kidney failure when taking Januvia. A risk of heart failure has also been reported with DPP-4 inhibitors that may be increased by impaired liver or kidney function. If you have any of these conditions, ask your doctor whether the benefits of Januvia outweigh the risks for you, and be sure to keep up with regular testing.
While Januvia is unlikely to lower blood sugar on its own, if you're combining Januvia with medications that do lower blood sugar, such as a sulfonylurea or insulin, you'll also need to watch for hypoglycemia.
Januvia and other DPP-4 inhibitors can cause severe joint pain in some people who take them. In 2015, the FDA added a warning regarding this side effect to gliptin drug labels. The symptoms can start immediately or begin years after taking a gliptin drug. In cases reported to the FDA, people who stopped taking DPP-4s stopped experiencing joint pain within a month. If you experience joint pain, contact your doctor so they can adjust your medications if necessary.
We know healthy eating is key to help manage diabetes, but that doesn't make it easy. Our free nutrition guide is here to help. Sign up and receive your free copy!
Pathak R, Bridgeman MB. Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) Inhibitors in the management of diabetes. P T. 2010;35(9):509-13.
Karasik A, Aschner P, Katzeff H, Davies MJ, Stein PP. Sitagliptin, a DPP-4 inhibitor for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes: a review of recent clinical trials. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008;24(2):489-96. doi:10.1185/030079908X261069
U.S. National Library of Medicine. Effects of sitagliptin (Januvia) on blood glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes.
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Possible risks and side effects of Januvia.
Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. Dosing.
Pinto LC, Rados DV, Barkan SS, Leitão CB, Gross JL. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors, pancreatic cancer and acute pancreatitis: A meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):782. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-19055-6
Xia C, Goud A, D'souza J, et al. DPP4 inhibitors and cardiovascular outcomes: safety on heart failure. Heart Fail Rev. 2017;22(3):299-304. doi:10.1007/s10741-017-9617-4
U.S. Food & Drug Administration. FDA Drug Safety Communication: FDA warns that DPP-4 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes may cause severe joint pain. 2015.
Dungan K, DeSantis A. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. UptoDate. 2019.
Elashoff M, Matveyenko AV, Gier B, Elashoff R, Butler PC. Pancreatitis, pancreatic, and thyroid cancer with glucagon-like peptide-1-based therapies. Gastroenterology. 2011;141(1):150-6. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.02.018
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Medication guide: Januvia (sitagliptin). 2013.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA approves new treatment for diabetes. Oct. 2006.
From Diet to Drugs: Treating Type 2 Diabetes
Metformin: An Effective Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes
What You Should Know About Actos (Pioglitazone) for Diabetes
What to Know About Levemir (Insulin Detemir)
What to Know About Symlin for Treating Diabetes
Meglitinides: Uses, Side Effects, Dosages, and Precautions
Understanding Metformin for Diabetes
Bydureon: A Once-a-Week Injectable Diabetes Medication
How Insulin Works in the Body
GLP-1 Agonists: How They Help to Reduce Blood Sugar
An Overview of Type 2 Diabetes
How Natural Remedies Can Help Your Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms
Using SGLT-2 Inhibitors to Lower Your Blood Glucose
Diagnosing Diabetes With the Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
The Cause of Your Low Blood Sugar Depends If You Have Diabetes
An Overview of Oral Diabetes Medication


The French usually say "pardonner une faute" (literally: forgive a fault). This is not truly proper. One cannot forgive a fault, because a fault is a thing, not a person. In actual fact, forgiveness is bestowed upon persons who have done something wrong.
'Being or doing wrong' refers, on one hand, to the fact that something is wrong, i.e. not working well. Speaking pedantically, if you want, one will talk of a dysfunction. Thus, if something should work unhindered yet it shows difficulties in doing so, it is precisely the well-functioning of a system, be it a mechanism (breakdown) or an organism (illness or disease), and the mechanic or physician should identify what is wrong and then fix it.
'Being or doing wrong' may also refer to the violation of a civil law. I did not pay my taxes. Or I passed a red light. The judge or policeman will apply the law by means of punishing me (that is, the culpable one): I will be fined; I will have to assume the consequences of my infraction; and could end up in jail.
'Being or doing wrong' may refer to a transgression of the moral law (its not being respected). I lied; I have cheated in a card game. The authority will be recognized again by an act of regret: I should not have done it and I regret it. • 'Being or doing wrong' may finally refer to wronging someone. I slapped my neighbor; I called him all kinds of names; I stole from him. This wrongdoing shall be overcome when the one who committed the act has apologised and (if possible) made reparation.
These aspects do not coincide, nor do they generate from one another.
Thus, due reparation will not vary according whether the harm done is or is not penalized by law. For example, making restitution for what I have stolen will be the same act regardless of whether the act was done voluntarily or under coercion.
Punishment is not necessarily accompanied by regret. A wrongdoer bored in his cell may lament allowing himself to be caught, but more frequently he will blame what happened on his bad luck or on his accomplices, rather than feeling regret for the wrong he did.
Regret does not free me from the obligation to make reparation for the harm done; on the contrary, it obliges me to it. Regret without reparation is mere hypocrisy. Yet even when regret is accompanied with reparation, the latter does not exempt me from punishment.
In which cases can one speak of forgiveness?
In the first case, the one of dysfunction, forgiveness simply has no room at all. It would be absurd to forgive one's own car for breaking down, or one's own heart for a heart attack.
In the second case, that is, the transgression of a civil law, there will be rough similarities to forgiveness, namely: amnesty or pardon. Yet it should be asked whether these, being roughly similar to forgiveness, do not follow a different logic, foreign to civil law: for example, a purely technical prudential rule or a calculation of psychological politics. Thus, the state may shut its eyes before certain fiscal frauds, because investigating them and paying the competent functionaries to do so would cost more money than could be regained. Similarly, in the case of pardon: this is a remnant of royal privilege based on the idea that the latter is of divine origin; in which case, the pardon, being an anachronism, will be protested, as so did the young Marx.1 In both cases, there is an access to something akin to forgiveness only by being separated from civil law's proper sphere, either by getting out of it from below or transcending it from above.
In the third case, that of not respecting the moral law, the law cannot apply any punishment to those who transgress it, nor can it forgive them. It is purely a norm by reference to which it becomes possible to measure the activities of men; yet it remains in itself indifferent to the latter's attitude towards it. As St. Paul says, the law does not provide but the consciousness of sin (Rm 3:20); it does not help avoiding sin. For morality, faults are transgressions, nothing more: a limit is trespassed; a rule is not respected; a code or a law is violated. The limit, the rule, the code, or the law cannot forgive. As the French say, "cela ne pardonne pas" (literally: that does not forgive). Once harm is done, "what is done is done," and the fault remains with the culpable. Only in the fourth case may one properly speak of forgiveness.
From what has been said, I conclude: Forgiveness is essentially personal. The person is the subject and object of forgiveness. There is always one person forgiving another. In the first case (breakdown or illness), there is no forgiveness because there is no person whom one may forgive. In the second and third cases (transgression of a law), there is no one who may forgive.
There are a thousand things in the world, in society, in us, that are "not going well." I have given a short list at the beginning. All this can be narrated, described, examined, or analyzed, as much as one wants, maybe even explained, but sins are not to be found there. Economists, politicians, and physicians speak of dysfunctions. Psychologists speak of disturbances or obsessions. There is certainly much truth in their diagnoses, and much good will in the treatments they prescribe.
However, in all this I am never responsible. We always accuse someone or something else: society; my memories in kindergarten; my miserable social origin or, on the contrary, my having been spoiled too much; the aggressiveness to be found in the "reptilian brain"; etc. Sin begins when I recognize myself as responsible and as needing forgiveness.
Thus, from a certain standpoint, all faults are on a par. No moral system is therefore stricter than any other, like that of Christianity, for example. Common morality is the strict one; for example, the morality of philosophers, such as Epictetus, whom I have just referred to. And it is necessarily so. In fact, what morality asks for is nothing but perfection. Certainly, Aristotle defines virtue as a mean between two extremes;4 yet he demands that we be virtuous, not moderately, but supremely. It is not possible to be too virtuous, too much as one ought to be. The "right mean" is indeed a height.
Let me observe the following: sin, of which Christianity speaks, is not a fault worse than others; it is rather a fault seen from a certain standpoint, that of forgiveness. Christianity does not make up new faults; it focuses on them from the viewpoint of forgiveness. Sometimes the impression emerges that Christians speak only of sin; that this obsesses them and they see it everywhere. Now, what they actually speak of is the forgiveness of sins. The Creed says: we believe in "the forgiveness of sins." It is not that Christians believe in sin; they believe in God, who forgives sins.
Christianity does not blame people; on the contrary, it liberates them from the feeling of guilt, for once forgiven, one may forget, and above all, start anew. Now, sin is precisely what is forgiven. Even more, this is its definition. The proverb may be taken literally: "there is mercy for every sin." God always forgives.
I am waiting for the objection: this is somehow too easy! Actually, it is here where the difficulty begins. God always forgives; yet something else is also required, namely: that we accept to be forgiven.
In order to be forgiven, I must recognize the need to be forgiven; I must recognize that I have sinned, and from this I work out the consequences.
«The most horrifying thing about people who have been accomplices of tyrannical regimes is their having a clean conscience. I particularly remember a documentary from a German television network I saw two years ago. The interviewers questioned some generals who had directed the political police in Eastern Germany (Stasi) and were now enjoying themselves with their pension money. In their conversation, I could not find a single trace of remorse...» Erich Honecker along with members of the Politbüro of the Communist Party of the GRD.
I am not asked to share the sort of diffuse culpability that some intend to instill in us. Such sensibility can recur in a formula Dostoyevsky puts in the mouth of the starets Zosima: "Each one of us is certainly to blame (виновен) for all and for everything on earth, and not only on account of the universal fault of the world, but also each one universally for all people and for every man on this earth."5 This culpability poisons us, paralyzes us till we are impeded from making any reparation. On the contrary, each one of us should recognize what he himself has done; what other did is their problem.
We cannot forgive ourselves. Sometimes people say, frequently with a negative connotation, "I will never forgive myself for this." It is no more than a manner of expression. Forgiveness must be asked for, and it can be given to us by our neighbor. One cannot forgive oneself, or consider oneself forgiven by God, based on one's own judgment regarding oneself. A disposition to forgive oneself, that is, not to realize that one has committed a fault, is rather a negative sign.
How can we know if someone accepts forgiveness? It is impossible to read other people's minds, but there are probable signs. If someone says he regrets what he has done, yet refuses to make reparations, how can we believe he is sincere? If he refuses to restore what he stole, if he rejects punishment for his felonies, how can we not suspect that he wants to get out of trouble with minimum damage to himself? In the Gospel, Zacchaeus, the tax collector, restores the money which he misappropriated and even accepts to pay a fine (Lk 19:8). These very concrete elements are constituent parts of forgiveness.
There was a case of this kind in France in the 1990s. Paul Touvier became a member of the French Militia during World War II, an organization that collaborated with the Nazi occupation. He had an important role in the region of Lyon, where he was an accomplice to various murders. Being wanted during the Liberation, he took refuge in religious houses and convents on many occasions. The priests and monks that took him justified their actions by pointing out that he regretted what he had done.
I am in no position to judge the motives of the priests and religious who hid him. Nor can I judge the quality of that dialogue, and I certainly hope it was sincere. I must confess, however, that I doubt it was, for I ask myself: why did he not turn himself in? And why did the priests who confessed him not ask him to do that?
True compassion should make the moral progress of the one receiving it possible. A physician does not try to free his patients from anything disturbing them. Of course, he avoids causing useless pain, but what he aims at is the patient's healing. Let's use an innocuous example: Who is a smoker's best friend? Who wishes him well? It is not the one telling him tobacco is not dangerous, but the one who warns him about the risks he is taking, about the higher chances getting cancer.
Only persons can be forgiven, and only persons can forgive. An impersonal institution cannot forgive.
The state cannot forgive, not because it is evil and vindictive, but simply because it is not a person. That is why felonies committed against it do not prescribe. As the French saying goes: "Qui l'oie du roi a plumée cent ans après en rend la plume" (literally: he who plucked the king's goose returns the feather after a hundred years). If the state arrogates the right to forgive, it does so only insofar as it preserves a trace of its supra human origin (be this real or not). Thus, the right to pardon which presidents have is a remnant of kings' power, which in itself is a trace of the power of God.
God is above all the one who forgives, for He is the most personal being there is, more personal than us human beings, who are also things. He is personal to the point of being nothing but personal.7 That is why He is the one who can forgive.
It is not that He would forgive for other people's sake, forgive the harms done to them, for it could be said: He has no difficulty in forgiving; it is no burden to him, since He is not the one harmed.
In a certain way, sin offends God. In our act of contrition we say: "My Lord, I regret having offended you..." How is this possible? If God is God, we cannot do anything to Him, i.e. we cannot hurt or disturb him, as we can with man.
Our faults hurt ourselves. St. Thomas Aquinas wrote: God is not offended by us except by what we do against our own good.8 In the book of Genesis it is said that man is made in God's image (Gen 1:26). If one spits on a painting, in a way that does nothing to the painter; it is the painting that one ruins. The painter nevertheless suffers when he sees his work ruined. It is in this sense that God is hurt (except that in the case of sin it would be as if the painting spat on itself). Offending God and offending other men are therefore not two things. It is impossible to do one without doing the other.
Yet there is more: it is a bit too hasty to say without proper reflection that God is another, that He is the "utterly other," as it is now usually said. This is true, but so is the fact that He is "the not-other," as Nicholas of Cusa said, who used this expression as the title of a treatise. And perhaps it would be worthwhile to walk again the secular path recently described by Jean Greisch.9 Christians say, in general lines, that God became man in Jesus Christ, who, being the only one who was perfectly innocent, suffered. Why?
The problem Christianity attempts to solve is not whether God shall forgive or not; it is rather how to proceed so that human beings accept His forgiveness and thus become free. Let's suppose they are so corrupted that they do not want to accept forgiveness, or in such an unconscious state that they do not even feel the need to be forgiven. How can one act upon freedom?
For God, the easy thing to do would be to take revenge, that is, remove the sinner, yet that would only be an apparent victory. The sinner would be removed, but not the sin. Sin would still be strongest, for the sinner would not have changed. Crushing the sinner would in fact amount to betraying one's own weakness, one's own impotence, and also one's own stupidity: God would mistake the victim, for his enemy is not the sinner, but sin, of which the sinner is himself the first victim.
The same would happen were God to simply clean our slate without taking man's freedom seriously, who says "no" to Him. We know from the Old Testament that God is merciful and always forgives unconditionally. The highest ability consists in our making our freedom accept His forgiveness, thus transforming it from within. The Old Testament recounts the "economy of salvation," that is, the device invented by God to free freedom itself: He lowers Himself, to the point of dying on the cross, in such a way that no one can feel humiliated by obeying such a lord... Incarnation was necessary to respect man's freedom.
Christianity is not a system of coercions. Its force is that of love, and it is the only true force. Nothing is more demanding than love. It even has a terrible aspect. The Bible says so at the end of the Song of Songs, and we should take this statement very seriously: "for love is as strong as death, its jealousy unyielding as the grave" (8, 6).
1 Marx, Zur Kritik der Hegelschen Rechtsphilosophie, § 282; Werke, Berlin, Dietz, vol. 1, p. 237.
2 See my book: Du Dieu des Chrétiens et d'un ou deux autres, Paris, Flammarion, 2008, Ch. 7.
3 Epictetus, Discourses, I, VII, 30-32; ed. H. Schenkl, Leipzig, Teubner, 1894, p. 29.
4 Aristotle, Nichomachean Ethics, II, 6, 1106 b 36.
5 F. Dostoyevsky, The Brothers Karamazov, II, IV, 1; Moscow, ACT, 2004, p. 166. The formula is repeated four more times in the novel: II, VI, 2, p. 292; 3, p. 323; IV, XI, 4, p. 592; XII, 13, p. 751.
6 Plato, Gorgias, 472 e.
7 I do not say that God is "a person," in order to avoid this word from being confused with the Trinitarian hypostases.
8 Thomas Aquinas, Summa contra gentiles, III, 122, beginning.
9 See J. Greisch, Du "nonautre" au "tout autre": Dieu et l'absolu dans les théologies philosophiques de la modernité, París, P.U.F., 2013.


Our company has hundreds of UV layer coated heat transfer foil, in order to meet the needs of more customers, we accept customized pattern for artificial marble and stone transfer film, and when custom pattern reached to setting amount, we can refund cylinders cost, exclusive LOGO on the marble and stone transfer film are also welcome, even package and paper core can also be custom made if order quantity reached our setting amount. Welcome to contact with us for more details.
Normal specifications for UV layer coated heat transfer foil: thickness: 23-60microns, width can be produced according to order, length: 500m/1000m per roll, color: wood grain, gold, silver, brushed, wood thorns, marble, white marble, antique and many other patterns, can also develop new color and patterns according to market demand. The UV layer coated heat transfer foil minimum quantity: 2000m.


Some people have been wondering whether this cookbook journey will be over soon. That's because they've never seen my kitchen shelf over-stuffed with cookbooks. Foodies, relax and enjoy the ride, as there is plenty more to come.
We'll visit some of these cookbooks soon, while others will wait until near the end of this journey. I hope you're enjoying the ride.


Prominent & Leading Wholesale Distributor from Pune, we offer taper roller bearing, clutch release bearing, spherical roller bearing, kingpin bearings, forklift bearing and delux needle bearing.
We are instrumental in sourcing and supplying precision designed array of Taper Roller Bearings, which is designed and manufactured in strict compliance with set industry standards and guidelines. Our business associates ensure that they make use of high grade raw material and advanced machines during the manufacturing of the range. Further, the range is stringently checked on various parameters so as to leave no scope for even a minute defect.
Clutch Release Bearing is offered by us to customers in bulk. Built with great strength and lots of capacity it has become a popular choice for commercial usage. This Clutch Release Bearing is known for its high performance and these are extensively used in most pressure plates are of a diaphragm-type, in automotive, marine, and aerospace.
We have in our stores qualitative range of Spherical Roller Bearings.
These have a maximum number of long rollers with a large diameter.
High performance in heavy duty applications.
Backed by a team of expert procuring agents, we bring forward for our clients a dimensionally accurate range ofKing Pin Bearings, which is known for its reliability and durability. These bearings are specifically manufactured by our business associates using qualitative raw material and sophisticated machines in strict compliance with industry defined standards and norms. Further, the range can be available in various specifications to meet the application specific requirements of the clients.
Our customers can avail from us a comprehensive array of Forklift Bearing, which is specifically designed and manufactured by our vendors in compliance with industry laid norms and standards. Further, to ensure its durability, high tensile strength, corrosion resistance, excellent finish and other distinctive attributes, these are precisely manufactured using qualitative raw material and advanced manufacturing techniques by our vendors.
Delux Needle Bearing offered come in precision designed and constructed finish.
Application: Provide for suitable support for radial loads. Further, these bearings also help in reducing friction between rotating components with its drawn outer shell providing support as raceway for rollers.
Provide for superior load capacity and operating performance.
Keeping in mind the various requirements of the customers, we are involved in offering bets quality of Tensioner Bearing.
Application: Tensioner Bearing is extensively used in contemporary cars, where the cam belts must be changed on a regular basis and part of these repairs require tensioner.
Size: Available in various sizes in the market.
Pricing: We offer this product at industry leading prices.
Sourced from ABC, a distinguished manufacturer of the market, our range of Industrial ABC Bearings.
Application: These bearings are widely used in automotive, engineering and allied industries for allowing smooth movement between two parts. Fabricated to perfection using high grade raw material and sophisticated techniques.
Size: These bearings provide relative linear or rotational motion. To meet the different speed and force supporting activity, these bearing are offered in various dimensions to our clients.


text:
Crosman Announces National Field Target Competition Series
Ammoland Inc. Posted on August 17, 2015 May 2, 2017 by DeltaOperatorMan
Crosman National Field Target Series
Crosman Corporation
Bloomfield, NY -(AmmoLand.com)- Crosman Corporation, the world leader in the design and manufacture of airguns for hunting, recreation and competitive shooting, has partnered with the American Airgun Field Target Association (AAFTA) to create the Crosman National Field Target Series.
The Series is open to AAFTA participants using Crosman or Benjamin rifles and pistols in competition and will kick off in October with the start of the 2015-16 season.
"The Crosman National Series is an exciting points competition that recognizes participation while rewarding performance," said Chip Hunnicutt, Marketing Manager for Crosman. "Crosman has hosted the USA's second largest field target event for the past six years and the CNS is a natural evolution of the company's support of this fun and exciting sport."
AAFTA sanctions events across the country, all conducted by Member Clubs and featuring divisions and classes for a variety of shooting styles. Shooters must successfully knock down targets placed at ranges from 10 to 55 yards with kill zones from 3/8" to 1.5" in diameter. Larger regional matches are featured in the AAFTA Grand Prix and the season culminates late in the year with the AAFTA National Championship. Participants in the Crosman National Series will rank based upon their cumulative scores throughout the year with bonus points awarded for shooting in Grand Prix events, the National Championship and the Crosman All-American Field Target Championship.
"Field Target is not unlike 3-D Archery or Golf in that every course is different and that's a major draw for folks looking for an alternative to punching paper on a range," says Hunnicutt. "Crosman products are popular for their affordability, accuracy and overall performance, all reasons why they're a great choice for field target competition."
The Crosman National Series will offer AAFTA Member Clubs access to featured products to boost their local shooting programs and additional discounts for advertising their events. The top three finishers in the Rifle and Pistol disciplines will be awarded product gift certificates and free entry to the Crosman All-American.
"Crosman has supported AAFTA for many years and we are excited to have an industry leader step up to help grow the sport of Field Target," said Leo Duran, AAFTA Chairman. "This program will benefit our members and match participants, so we invite shooters of all levels to come out and try Field Target!"
To learn more about AAFTA and the sport of Field Target, please visit http://aafta.org. For additional information on Crosman airguns and ammunition, visit crosman.com or write to Chip Hunnicutt, Marketing Manager, Crosman Corporation, 7629 Routes 5 & 20, Bloomfield, NY 14469, or contact him via email at [email protected], Twitter @chiphunnicutt or by phone at (800) 7–AIRGUN (724-7486).
For up-to-the-minute news from Crosman Corporation, follow the company on Twitter (@crosmancorp).
About Crosman:
For over 90 years Crosman has led the world in the design and manufacture of airguns and airgun ammunition, along with airsoft, optics and shooting sports accessories. Headquartered in Bloomfield, N.Y., the company sells its products worldwide under the Crosman, Benjamin, CenterPoint, Game Face and Undead Apocalypse brands.
For more information about any of these brands or products, please contact Crosman Public Relations at (800) 7-AIRGUN or visit www.Crosman.com.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


With my friend in San Rafael, I had to go up 80 to get back home.
With the only thing I ate was the breakfast buffet at the Marriott, I decided to make a stop at In-N-Out in Vacaville and order a 3x3 with fries and a shake.
While I was thinking about the Yamaga-san "Reception" at the Fairmont the night before and all the "food" that we had. Then I thought to myself, "If only Yamaga-san could have some real 'food'..."


Athletics and Glen Oaks allowed Jim Bishop to get the education he so desired. Glen Oaks and the Athletic Department had a special place in Jim's heart. He played on the first basketball teams at Glen Oaks Community College for Coach Ken Schuler. Jim was also a coaching assistant for the teams in the 1970's.
The Jim Bishop Athletic Scholarship Fund was initially established in 1980 after Jim's death from an auto accident. Jim attended Glen Oaks during its initial two years of existence. Jim's family funded this scholarship to allow athletes in this county to get an education and play the sport they love at the same time. Jim and his family believed athletics are an important aspect of Glen Oaks and St. Joseph County.
purpose, so that the fund will provide the maximum service to the community through the advancement of higher education.


Guild Wars 2 developer ArenaNet has announced that the release date of Guild Wars 2: Heart of Thorns is Oct. 23, 2015.
The announcement comes on the third anniversary of the launch of Guild Wars 2. ArenaNet is also holding a fan and press conference tomorrow at 10:30 a.m. PT during PAX Prime, which is currently going on in Seattle, Washington. ArenaNet co-founder and president Mike O'Brien and game director Colin Johanson will be at the conference to reveal more information on Heart of Thorns and what players can expect from the first expansion for Guild Wars 2.
Players who pre-purchase Heart of Thorns will have access to all future Heart of Thorns beta events. The next one is scheduled for Friday, Sept. 4, 2015.
Earlier today, IGN leaked some information regarding Guild Wars 2, saying that it would be getting raids and free-to-play accounts. Traditional large group-style raid content has been absent from Guild Wars 2 since its launch. There will also be restrictions on what players can do with a free-to-play account, such as a reduced level cap, limited amount of characters slots, and limited access to PvP content. None of this has been confirmed by ArenaNet, but it's possible the developer will make the official announcement at their PAX conference tomorrow, which will be livestreamed on Twitch.


text:
/**
 * Based on the TinyOS Receiver, but is more aware of the routing
 * protocols that need to be decoded.
 * @author Ryan Stinnett
 */

/*									tab:4
 * "Copyright (c) 2000-2003 The Regents of the University  of California.
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
 * documentation for any purpose, without fee, and without written agreement is
 * hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice, the following
 * two paragraphs and the author appear in all copies of this software.
 *
 * IN NO EVENT SHALL THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY FOR
 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT
 * OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF THE UNIVERSITY OF
 * CALIFORNIA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES,
 * INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
 * AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER IS
 * ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS NO OBLIGATION TO
 * PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR MODIFICATIONS."
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2002-2003 Intel Corporation
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * This file is distributed under the terms in the attached INTEL-LICENSE
 * file. If you do not find these files, copies can be found by writing to
 * Intel Research Berkeley, 2150 Shattuck Avenue, Suite 1300, Berkeley, CA,
 * 94704.  Attention:  Intel License Inquiry.
 */
/* Authors:  David Gay  <dgay@intel-research.net>
 *           Intel Research Berkeley Lab
 *
 */

/**
 * @author David Gay <dgay@intel-research.net>
 * @author Intel Research Berkeley Lab
 */

package edu.rice.compass.comm;

import net.tinyos.message.*;
import net.tinyos.packet.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.net.*;

public class RoutingReceiver implements net.tinyos.packet.PacketListenerIF {
	public static final boolean DEBUG = false;
	public static final boolean DISPLAY_ERROR_MSGS = true;

	PhoenixSource source;
	MessageFactory messageFactory;

	private Hashtable msgReceivers = new Hashtable();
	private Hashtable classNameByType;

	/**
	 * Create a receiver for messages from forwarder of group id gid and of active
	 * message type m.getType() When such a message is received, a new instance of
	 * m's class is created with the received data and send to
	 * listener.messageReceived
	 *
	 * @param forwarder
	 *          packet source to listen to
	 */
	public RoutingReceiver(PhoenixSource forwarder) {
		buildClassTransTable();
		source = forwarder;
		forwarder.registerPacketListener(this);
		messageFactory = new MessageFactory(forwarder);
	}

	/**
	 * Adds every Message subclass whose AM type is not -1 to a hashtable for
	 * lookup by type.
	 */
	private void buildClassTransTable() {
		// Make new tables
		classNameByType = new Hashtable();
		// Get directory corresponding to this package
		Class pClass = Message.class;
		Package mPackage = MoteCom.class.getPackage();
		URL pAddr = pClass.getResource("/" + mPackage.getName().replace('.', '/'));
		File pDir = new File(pAddr.getFile());
		// Find all .class files in that directory
		String[] pClasses = pDir.list();
		for (int f = 0; f < pClasses.length; f++) {
			if (pClasses[f].endsWith(".class")) {
				String cName = pClasses[f].substring(0, pClasses[f].length() - 6);
				try {
					Class cClass = Class.forName(mPackage.getName() + "." + cName);
					// Check if this is either this class or a subclass
					if (pClass.isAssignableFrom(cClass)) {
						// Check if amType is not -1
						Field amType = cClass.getDeclaredField("AM_TYPE");
						if (amType.getInt(null) != -1) {
							// Should be registered
							classNameByType.put(new Integer(amType.getInt(null)),
									cClass.getName());
						}
					}
				} catch (Exception e) {
					System.out.println("Unable to build class translation tables!");
					e.printStackTrace();
					System.exit(1);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	private Class getClassFromType(int cType) throws Exception {
		String cName = (String) classNameByType.get(new Integer(cType));
		if (cName == null)
			throw new Exception("Type " + cType + "not registered!");
		return Class.forName(cName);
	}

	public void addMsgReceiver(int mType, SrcReceiveMsg r) {
		Integer type = new Integer(mType);
		try {
			// Make sure we found a message class for this type
			getClassFromType(mType);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return;
		}
		Vector rVec = (Vector) msgReceivers.get(type);
		if (rVec == null)
			rVec = new Vector();
		rVec.add(r);
		msgReceivers.put(type, rVec);
	}

	public void packetReceived(byte[] packet) {
		// XXX: hack: with the new packetsource format, packet does not
		// contain a crc field, so numElements_data() will be wrong. But we
		// access the data area via dataSet/dataGet, so we're ok.

		// this is where the source comes in to create the correct packet

		final TOSMsg msg = messageFactory.createTOSMsg(packet);

		if (DEBUG)
			Dump.dump("Received message", packet);

		// Assumes this is a UnicastPack, which should always be true (unless
		// the data is corrupt). Copies msg into a UnicastPack.
		int amType = msg.get_type();
		UnicastPack p = new UnicastPack(msg.get_length());
		p.amTypeSet(amType);
		p.dataSet(msg.dataGet(), msg.offset_data(0), 0, p.dataLength());
		// Only unicast messages will currently be received!
		if (p.get_h_dest() != MoteCom.NET_UART_ADDR)
			return;
		int src = p.get_h_src();
		// Check for registered receivers
		Vector rVec = (Vector) msgReceivers.get(new Integer(p.amType()));
		if (rVec == null)
			return;
		// Find the right message class, and make it.
		try {
			Class msgClass = getClassFromType(p.amType());
			Constructor msgMake = msgClass.getConstructor(new Class[] {});
			Message dataMsg = (Message) msgMake.newInstance(new Object[] {});
			dataMsg.dataSet(p.dataGet(), UnicastPack.offset_data(0), 0, dataMsg.dataLength());
			// Send a copy of the message to each receiver
			Enumeration rEnum = rVec.elements();
			while (rEnum.hasMoreElements()) {
				SrcReceiveMsg r = (SrcReceiveMsg) rEnum.nextElement();
				r.receiveMsg(src, (Message) dataMsg.clone());
			}
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


Pamflett mediates artist's self-publications with exhibitions, art book fairs, workshops, launches, talks and other events.
Pamflett is a physical space with a risograph workshop and exhibition space on street level in Bergen, Norway. We also host other events such as Bergen Art Book Fair, Fanzinekveld and the Fanzine Library (which now has its home at Kiosken next door). Pamflett is also 1/3 of Norsk Risoforening.
Ann-Kristin Stølan, Fredrik Rysjedal, Raquel Maia Marques and Ola Lysgård.


text:
Contract issues
Part-time working in FE
FE employment contract
Post-92 national contract
Agency workers
Part-time working in HE
Postgraduate employment
Non-lecturers in FE
FE colleges rely particularly heavily on part-time teaching staff. Part-time lecturers can work anything from a couple of hours a week, perhaps in the evening, to substantial periods, sometimes with almost as much teaching as many full-time staff.
This section aims to answer some of the questions part-time lecturers ask about employment at FE colleges. Each college has its own employment policies, so the information given is general rather than specific:
National agreements
Fractional contracts
Variable hours
Fixed-term (temporary) contracts
Pay and holidays
Right to claim unfair dismissal and/or redundancy payments
Waiver clauses
Agency staff
The national agreement reached in the FE national joint forum on the employment of part-time employees is intended to ensure that colleges meet the requirements of the Part-time Workers Regulations 2000, giving part-timers the right not to be treated less favourably than comparable full time employees as regards their contract of employment, or any act, or deliberate failure to act, of the employers:
Guidelines for the employment of part-time employees in FE (England), Apr 08 [73kb]
Members in Wales should refer to the Wales part-time employment agreement [48kb].
It is important to check the details of any policies with the college concerned. Some staff are employed through agencies such as Protocol and they should look carefully at the section below on agency staff.
Back to contents
The national agreement recommends the use of fractional contracts of employment for part-time work whereby pay and conditions of service are expressed as a fraction of those received by a comparable full-time employee. (So, for example, in a 0.5 contract the part-timer works exactly half the number of hours of a full-timer and receives half of all entitlements such as holiday). Fractional part-timers should therefore check that the terms and conditions in their contract of employment accurately reflect the fraction on which they are employed.
An increasing number of part-timers are employed on contracts which allow variation in hours worked over the term of the contract. The particular terms and conditions of such contracts will be determined at the local college. However, the national agreement says that it is desirable that such contracts should specify a minimum of contracted hours (ie they should not take the form of zero hours contracts).
Many part-time staff in FE are employed on fixed-term contracts. This means that, written into the contract, is a specified date on which it will come to an end.
It is important to know whether your contract is fixed-term or permanent. If it is for a fixed-term you need to be clear about the date on which it will come to an end. It will not be necessary for the college to give you any additional notice other than that in the contract itself (unless the college wish to bring it to an end before the specified date). If you are not offered a new fixed-term contract after the completion of your current contract then you may be entitled to have been consulted and compensated for redundancy. In some circumstances failure to offer a further contract can be deemed unfair dismissal. See more in the:
Guidelines for the employment of fixed-term employees in FE (England), Apr 08 [80kb]
If you have any concerns about unfair dismissal or redundancy rights in relation to your fixed-term contract you should contact your UCU branch for further advice.
The Fixed-term Employees (Prevention of Less Favourable Treatment) Regulations 2002 prevent the use of successive fixed-term contracts for periods of longer than four years unless the employer can provide objective justification for their continued use. UCU believes that the test for such justification will be quite stringent.
The most important issue for members that have completed four years of successive fixed-term contracts is what type of permanent contract they are transferred to. Members who have completed four years on fixed-term contracts should contact their branch for advice. UCU and the national agreement recommend the use of fractional contracts as the fairest contract for part-time staff. Zero hours contracts provide worse employment rights than fixed-term contracts and must be resisted.
Most part-time FE staff now receive their pay by credit transfer directly to bank accounts. Usually payments take the form of a fixed monthly sum spread over a year, or the length of the contract if it is for a fixed-term.
Part-time staff in FE are often employed on an hourly-paid basis. It is very important to establish with the employer:
the method of calculation of the hourly rate, and
what the hourly rate represents.
While superficially it may be paid for the delivery of a number of hours teaching it will often include an element to pay for marking and preparation; the essential principle to be applied by the employer is one of equal pay for work of equal value. The hourly rate should be equivalent to a comparable full-time employee. Under the 1998 Working Time Regulations all workers who work continuously for more than 13 weeks are entitled to a minimum of three weeks paid leave, and contracts of employment should specify this holiday entitlement.
When a contract, even a fixed-term contract, comes to an end, there will have been a dismissal for the purposes of statutory employment law. When an employer dismisses an employee is must be for a fair reason, which can include redundancy.
Many FE colleges employ staff on fixed-term contracts which finish at the end of the summer term. Often the college does not know whether it will be offering new contracts until the autumn term when it is clear how many students have enrolled on courses. Staff in this position can sometimes claim a statutory redundancy payment. The sums of money involved are not huge and you must have been working at the college for at least two years.
If your fixed-term contract comes to an end and you are not clear whether it will be renewed you should contact your local UCU branch representative to see whether you are entitled to a redundancy payment.
These clauses are now illegal and unenforceable. Always opposed by UCU these clauses were included in some fixed-term contracts to prevent members' access to unfair dismissal and redundancy provisions. All fixed-term contracts renewed, extended or commencing after 1 October 2002 can not contain redundancy waiver clauses and are unenforceable where they do. Waiver clauses in respect of unfair dismissal have been illegal since 1999.
Some part-time FE staff find work through agencies such as Protocol. Staff in this position are in a much more vulnerable position when it comes to long-term security of employment.
The good news is that the long awaited Agency Workers Regulations 2010 finally came into force on 1 October 2011. The regulations introduce new 'day 1 rights' which agency workers are entitled to now and from the first day of every assignment. The clock also started ticking on the 12 week qualifying period for access to the new 'equal treatment' entitlements. Agency workers.
You should receive:
written details of terms and conditions relating to your employment;
the kind of work which you will be supplied with; and
the minimum rates of pay.
UCU continues to press for full rights for agency staff and legal cases are being pursued in regards to obtaining the right of protocol to obtain teachers pension rights.
All staff have the right to join UCU and agency staff should try to ensure that their voice is heard through UCU representation at the college. All staff are entitled not to be discriminated against on grounds of race, gender, disability, sexuality or religious belief, and again this can help when arguing for improvements for agency staff at the college.
Members may, of course, contact their branch with any individual issues which they may require representation or assistance with. Under the Employment Rights Act (1996) individuals now have the right to be accompanied by a trade union representative at disciplinary and grievance hearings.
Casualisation is bad for staff and bad for education, yet it's endemic in our colleges and universities.
Stamp Out in FE
Casualised contract information for members


text:
S.Korea's VC fundraising hits all-time high in 2020
Chang Jae Yoo
yoocool@hankyung.com
Minister of SMEs and Startups Park Young-sun delivers the opening speech at a Korean startup festival in November 2020.
Venture capital funds in South Korea have raised their largest-ever amount of 6.6 trillion won ($6 billion) last year, supported by government policy efforts that encouraged domestic pension funds and financial services firms to sharply increase their allocations to the startup funds.
Their total fundraising increased by 55% from the previous year's 4.2 trillion won, with the number of newly launched VC funds rising to a record-high 206 from 170 in 2019, according to the Ministry of SMEs and Startups on Jan. 14.
"Their fundraising accelerated in the third and fourth quarters after the funds sponsored by the 200 billion won from the government's supplementary budget were launched from the third quarter," the ministry said in a statement.
The total amount of VC funds raised in the final quarter of 2020 represented slightly more than half the whole-year tally at 3.7 trillion won.
Policy institutions, including Korea Development Bank, bumped up investments in Korean VC funds by 60% to 2.25 trillion won last year. The remaining 4.32 trillion won came from the private sector, including from pension funds and mutual aid associations.
In contrast, foreign and individual investors curtailed investments in Korean VC funds last year. Foreign investors reduced their allocations by over two-thirds to 58.1 billion won, whereas commitments from Korean pension and retirement funds more than trebled versus a year earlier, according to the statement.
GROWING FUND SIZE
Backed by the policy money, domestic VC funds have grown in size over the past few years.
Among the 206 new VC funds launched last year, 15 funds attracted more than 100 billion won in capital, with the 10 larget funds representing 34% of the total fundraising, or 2.2 trillin won.
In 2019, only six VC funds raised more than 100 billion won.
Atinum Investment, known for concentrating on only one fund, was the biggest-ever fundraiser by a domestic VC fund, pulling in 467 billion won for its new fund. Korea Investment Partners' Bio Global Fund came second with a fundraising amount of 342 billion won.
Going forward, the South Korean government will back 20 trillion won ($18 billion) worth of homegrown VC funds by 2025 to invest in contactless, digital and environmentally friendly businesses.
As part of the first injection of the five-year government plan announced last month, the government will inject 1 trillion won into homegrown venture capital funds this year.
Their growing size is expected to lead them to venture into broader stages of VC investments, including late-stage deals, pre-IPO investments and secondary transactions dominated by global rivals.
Their growth, however, could intensify competition for the limited number of targets and push startup valuations higher, industry watchers said.
Write to Chang Jae Yoo at yoocool@hankyung.com
Yeonhee Kim edited this article.
S.Korea to back $18 bn domestic VC fund plan by 2025
Korea's venture capital firms poised to grow, no bubble seen in market
Dec 16, 2020 (Gmt+09:00)
KDB backs $100 mn SE Asia fund of Korean, Chinese VC firms
Korea's KIP eyes Europe, China VC fund launches in 2021
Venture capital investments hit all-time high in S.Korea


best design logo ideas for company on Microsoft Office 2010 Business Card Template Cardss Co Outstanding Wondeful 15 in high resolution for wallpaper. This wallpaper was added in Thursday, November 8, 2018 and 23 users has viewed and downloaded this wallpaper. Microsoft Office 2010 Business Card Template Cardss Co Outstanding Wondeful 15 have and approximately Unknown Size bandwith was consumed. If you like it, all you need to do is help us grow by sharing this wallpaper Microsoft Office 2010 Business Card Template Cardss Co Outstanding Wondeful 15.


text:
Muzeum Bursztynu w Jarosławcu – prywatne muzeum w nadmorskim Jarosławcu, otwarte w 2014 roku; przedstawia historię powstania bursztynu bałtyckiego, inkluzji w bursztynie oraz dokumentuje złoża bursztynu w Polsce i na świecie.

Ekspozycje
W muzeum funkcjonują trzy ekspozycje stałe: rekonstrukcja lasu bursztynowego opowiadająca historię powstania bursztynu bałtyckiego, rekonstrukcja podziemnej kopalni bursztynu (złoża) oraz sala inkluzji. Ponadto organizowane są wystawy czasowe (rzemiosło, obróbka bursztynu, poławiacze bursztynu).

Cenniejsze eksponaty
W zbiorach muzeum znajduje się druga co do wielkości bryła bursztynu w Polsce, ważąca 2906 g., a także inne bryły ważące pow. 1000 g. Ponadto doskonale zachowane, rzadkie inkluzje (pasikonik, szyszka sosnowa, kwiatostan dębu), bryłka niebieskiego bursztynu bałtyckiego, czy też kompletna dokumentacja złoża bursztynu w Możdżanowie.

Galeria

Przypisy

Zobacz też
 Muzeum Bursztynu w Gdańsku
 Muzeum Bursztynu w Połądze
 Szlak bursztynowy
 Bursztynowa Komnata
 Muzea w województwie zachodniopomorskim

Muzeum Bursztynu w Jarosławcu
Muzea przyrodnicze w Polsce
Muzea w województwie zachodniopomorskim
Prywatne muzea w Polsce
Muzeum Bursztynu w Jarosławcu

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


We laud the efforts of DMRC to showcase the finest of Indian art and culture at the capital's metro-stations. It is an exemplary way of connecting rich heritage with the modern infrastructure they are building. On our part, we are delighted to share the cultural resources of Maharana of Mewar Charitable Foundation with national and global audiences. It is our belief that every citizen is a stakeholder of our legacies and should take pride in their Living Heritage.


text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace LPToolKit.Util
{

    /// <summary>
    /// Stores a list of times that wraps at some length, proving a
    /// way for classes to monitor how long certain events are taking
    /// in order to measure lag.
    /// </summary>
    internal class LagTracker
    {
        #region Constructor

        public LagTracker(int size)
        {
            Index = 0;
            Times = new int[size];
            Tags = new string[size];
            for (var i = 0; i < size; i++)
            {
                Times[i] = -1;
                Tags[i] = null;
            }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Properties

        /// <summary>
        /// Next index where the time will be written.
        /// </summary>
        public int Index { get; private set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// The times in msec recorded, or -1 for empty.
        /// </summary>
        public readonly int[] Times;

        /// <summary>
        /// Allows the source of the lag to be differentiated.
        /// </summary>
        public readonly string[] Tags;

        /// <summary>
        /// Number of samples stored.
        /// </summary>
        public int Size
        {
            get { return Times.Length; }
        }

        #endregion

        #region Methods

        /// <summary>
        /// Logs a new time in this instance.
        /// </summary>
        public void Log(int msec, string tag = null)
        {
            lock (this)
            {
                Times[Index] = msec;
                Tags[Index] = tag;
                Index++;
                if (Index >= Size)
                {
                    Index = 0;
                }
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Logs the delta milliseconds in this instance.
        /// </summary>
        public void Log(DateTime start, DateTime end, string tag = null)
        {
            Log((int)(end - start).TotalMilliseconds, tag);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns the most recent events in order with average.
        /// </summary>
        public Stats GetRecent(int count)
        {
            var stats = new Stats();
            for (int i = Index - 1; i >= 0; i--)
            {
                if (stats.Times.Count >= count) break;
                var msec = Times[i];
                if (msec > -1)
                {
                    stats.Times.Add(msec);
                    stats.Tags.Add(Tags[i]);
                    stats.TotalTime += msec;
                }
            }
            for (int i = Size - 1; i >= Index; i--)
            {
                if (stats.Times.Count >= count) break;
                var msec = Times[i];
                if (msec > -1)
                {
                    stats.Times.Add(msec);
                    stats.Tags.Add(Tags[i]);
                    stats.TotalTime += msec;
                }
            }
            stats.Average = stats.TotalTime / (double)stats.Times.Count;
            return stats;
        }

        #endregion

        #region Types

        /// <summary>
        /// Output of the GetRecent() method, suitable for returning
        /// as ajax.
        /// </summary>
        public class Stats
        {
            public List<int> Times = new List<int>();
            public List<string> Tags = new List<string>();
            public double TotalTime = 0;
            public double Average = 0;
        }

        #endregion

        #region Private

        #endregion
    }

}


The lack of clear resolution from this week's federal elections suggests we will spend the next two years watching the parties position themselves on health policy in advance of the presidential primaries and 2020 general election.
In California, eyes are on the transition, watching Gov-Elect Newsom for key health policy appointments. Stakeholders tell me Sen. Ed Hernandez would make a strong Secretary pick. So, too, would Gary Cohen. Both of their names appear in the mix.
State-wide races in California turned up few surprises, yet as of today notable races in the state Assembly and Senate remain close. Propositions on the ballot drew significant attention and money. Prop. 4, which authorized bonds to renovate children's hospitals, and Prop. 11, which provides paid breaks, training, and mental health services for EMTs passed, while big-money Prop. 8, that would have limited dialysis clinic profits, failed.
On the federal level, the newly Democratic House and more solidly Republican Senate signal deadlock on health policy. Congressional deadlock could drive policy changes toward executive and judicial channels. State influence in health policy will continue to grow as 1332 waivers open room for states like California to continue take more control through its own legislative action.
The Health Care Cost Institute (HCCI) processed 1.78 billion commercial claims filed between 2012 and 2016 across 112 U.S. cities to produce Volume 1 of its Healthy Marketplace Index. The interactive report includes six California metropolitan areas: San Jose, San Francisco, San Diego, Los Angeles, Oxnard, and Riverside. HCCI's analysis shows that costs across those cities — as well as the rate of price increases — were far from consistent between 2012 and 2016.
We zeroed in on differences across the six California metros. Among other interesting findings: California's home to both the second most expensive city in the analysis (San Jose) and the 48th most expensive city (Riverside), and outpatient costs in San Jose were 117 percent above the national average in 2016.
In less than three weeks, we are excited to return to San Diego for our second annual Southern California State of Reform Conference. We will kick off the day with a cross-silo executive keynote panel that will pull together disparate players in Southern California health care. It's the kind of conversation that's unique to State of Reform.
Join Greg Buchert, CEO of Blue Shield Care1st Health Plan, Nick Macchione, Director of HHSA and Deputy Chief Administrative Officer of San Diego County, and Abby Sears, CEO at OCHIN to talk about where their interests intersect, where they find common alignment, and where obstacles still exist between system-level ambitions and a modern healthcare system.
A new report from the California State Auditor found that the California Department of Health Care Services (DHSC) paid at least $4 billion in "questionable Medi-Cal payments" from 2014 through 2017. The questionable payments are a result of prevalent discrepancies between county-level Medi-Cal eligibility systems and the state's system.
The report describes a specific example in which Los Angeles County was informed that a Medi-Cal beneficiary had died in April 2014. Though the county discontinued the individual's eligibility, the beneficiary remained active in the state system. The state wound up paying monthly premiums for the deceased individual until August 2018. In this instance, the system discrepancy cost more than $383,000.


As reported in January 2014, the 2013 Hem-Fir (N) monitoring study yielded results that could not support with a reasonable degree of certainty that a downward shift in bending properties compared to the same grade/size cell (NO. 2 grade, 2 by 4) in the original In-grade Program had not occurred.
In March 2014 NLGA initiated a verification study by re-sampling the NO. 2 grade, 2 by 4, Hem-Fir (N) grade/size cell in accordance with the proposed monitoring protocol of ASTM D1990 to verify whether a change had actually occurred.
NLGA found that the 2014 Hem-Fir (N) verification study supported the statement that "there is no reason to believe that there has been a significant downward shift in the MOE or MOR properties of NO. 2 grade, 2 by 4, Hem-Fir (N) dimension lumber". This statement was accepted by the American Lumber Standard Committee, Incorporated (ALSC) Board of Review on April 30, 2015.


text:
TV investment weighs heavily as Telia recovers ground
Written by Stuart Thomson
Nordic telco Telia's investment in TV and media assets once again weighed heavily on its latest quarterly financial numbers, despite resilience elsewhere that enabled the company to grow. Its overall revenue pie.
CEO Allison Kirkby accepted that TV and media had faced "a challenging quarter" with revenue and adjusted EBITDA each falling by about 30%.
While viewership of flagship channels TV4 in Sweden and MTV in Finland rose, the company suffered from the loss of advertising revenue and the absence of premium sports competitions.
The cancelled and postponed sport events and seasons led to both lower revenues and a lower amortization of sports rights in the second quarter, with a subsequent impact on EBITDA.
Telia carried out an impairment test on its TV and media assets as of June 30, but found that so far there was no need for an impairment on the assets.
Telia's former Bonnier Broadcasting TV and media assets – TV4, MTV and pay TV outfit C More – saw revenues plummet b 30.6% on a like-for-like basis to SEK1.686 billion (€163 million), with ad revenues down during the crisis and pay TV sports subscription revenues falling because of the lockdown.
Adjusted EBITDA for the TV segment fell by 30.2% to SEK311 million.
Kirkby said that "responding to our viewers, and their changing habits and interests, will be key to returning our TV and Media unit to sustainable profitable growth".
In terms of fixed line TV subscribers, Telia Sweden had 901,000 at the end of June, up 5.5% due to the inclusion of about 40,000 subscribers not previously accounted for.
In Finland, TV subscribers rose by 0.7% to 578,000 while in Norway they dropped b 3.5% to 475,000.
Telia's TV base in Lithuania and small TV base in Denmark grew while its base in Estonia fell.
Telia said that even direct subscription video-on-demand numbers fell by 29,000 during the lockdown.
In total, the negative service revenue impact overall of the COVID-19 crisis on the company was estimated to be around SEK1.0 billion and the negative impact on EBITDA as well as on operating income was estimated to be around SEK0.5 billion for the second quarter.
Overall, Telia saw revenues rise 2.8% to SEK21.8 billion, but like-for-like sales fell by 5.9%.
Tags: C More, MTV, Sweden, Telia, TV4


Menachem Begin was born on August 16, 1913. He was an Israeli politician and Sixth Prime Minister of Israel. He was also the winner of a Nobel Peace Prize. He studied law, and he was among the highly educated people in Israel. As a lawyer, he defended the Jews and condemned the persecution of the Jews because of their faith. He suffered persecution from the hands of Nazi Germany, but he never gave up on his cause. His passion in his lifetime was to come up with a free Jewish state of Israel. He died on March 9, 1992.
Menachem Begin was born on August 16, 1913, in Brest (presently known as Brest-Litovsk), then part of the Russian Empire (currently Belarus). He was born to Zee Dov and Hassia Biegun. He was brought up alongside two siblings, and he was the youngest of the three children. Begin was taught Cheder for a whole year. He later attended Tackkemoni School which was associated with the religious Zionist Movement.
At 14, Menachem Begin was sent to a Polish Government School where he received an excellent education in classical literature. He later joined the University of Warsaw where he studied law. As a student, he formed a defense group of Jewish Students to counter any form of harassment and discrimination by anti-Semites on campus. In 1935, he graduated from university but never practiced law.
In 1928, Menachem Begin joined the 'Polish Zionist Betar Youth Group,' and in 1938 after he had graduated from University, he was named the leader of the organization. The Nazi then began their occupation of parts of Europe, and the Jews escaped for safety. Begin's parents and brother were captured by the Nazi in 1940, and they died while in their custody. In 1940, he escaped the Nazis, but he was captured by the Soviets later on. He was sent to a Siberian work camp, but he was released a year later.
In 1941, Menachem Begin joined a Polish exile group which traveled to Palestine which at that time was being ruled by the British. There the group continued to work on plans on how they were going to establish an independent Jewish State. From 1942, Begin, and his group started raids and terrorist attacks on Palestinians and the British who ruled Palestine. In 1943, he was made the commander of the 'Irgun Zvai Leumi' party. In 1948, when Israel became independent, he led the 'Freedom' party which gradually gained popularity in Israel.
In 1956, Menachem Begin joined the National Unity Party whose aim was to form a unified political focus for purposes of Israel's security. In 1977, he was elected the Prime Minister of Israel. As Prime Minister, he offered peace and friendship to Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. He agreed to meet with the leaders from the country to come up with a solution to end the Jewish and Arab bloodshed. Negotiations for peace led to the culmination of the Camp David Accord in 1978 which was facilitated by United States President Jimmy Carter. The Accord ended the war between Israel and Egypt, the return of the Sinai to the Egyptians and an open relationship was created between the countries.
In 1978, Menachem Begin and Anwar Sadat received the Nobel Peace Prize jointly. In 1981, Begin ordered military response on the Palestinian Liberation Organization which was operating in Lebanon. The military response was adequate for some time. He resigned from the office of the Prime Minister in 1983.
In 1978, Menachem Begin received the Nobel Peace Prize jointly with Anwar Sadat for their achievement of peace between Israel and Egypt.
Menachem Begin married his wife Aliza who died in 1982. Her death devastated Begin, and so he retired from his office as Prime Minister and returned to live in an apartment. He only left the apartment to go and visit his wife's grave. The couple had three children, a son, and two daughters. They were survived by their children and nine grandchildren. He died on March 9, 1992.


...where CID is your E-junkie client ID number (which you can find in Seller Admin > Manage Seller Account > View Account Summary) and TXNID is the unique value for txn_id= that we append to your thank-you page URL during each redirection. Since the value for txn_id= is unique for each transaction, you would need to add some custom scripting in your thank-you page, which would grab the txn_id= value from the page's own URL for each visit and insert that value at the end of that IFRAME src= URL (see below for code examples to accomplish this).
If you want to customize what gets displayed inside that IFRAME, you would need to customize your E-junkie thank you page. For instance, you may want to add some custom CSS to your E-junkie-generated thank-you page (a good place for this would be Seller Admin > Manage Seller Account > Edit Preferences > Common Thank-you Page HTML), so the IFRAME content would better resemble the styling of your own site's thank-you page where the IFRAME is embedded.
Un-tick the box for Product Thank-you Email; buyers would still receive your Common Thank-you Email, which should include the [%thankyou_link%] code to insert a link that activates your Common Thank-you Page URL redirection.
To do this for product-specific emails as well, edit each product and tick Override default email message, which will have the Email Message you provide there completely replace (rather than merely being added to) our standard message and link presentation, so you can include the link as described above in your message template. You could also just un-tick the box for Product Thank-you Email Message to disable this message, so buyers would only receive your Common Thank-you Email regardless of the item(s) they purchase.
NOTE: If you are using WordPress, you may need to use a special WP plugin to ensure our PHP code gets inserted correctly. The following plugins may be useful; you should be able to search for and install any one of them from your WP Admin panel: Insert PHP, PHP Code Widget or Insert PHP Code Snippet.


text:
Aircraft Owners & Pilots Association Find it free on the store
Already a member? Please login below for an enhanced experience. Not a member? Join today
Legal & Medical
View all Membership
Pro Pilot Benefits
Sweepstakes: Enter to Win
Products and Discounts
Explore Airports
Book and Save on Car Rentals
Book and Save on Hotels
AOPA Flight Planner
AOPA Weather
Pilot Guides
International and Cross-Border Travel
Pilot Passport in the AOPA App
Emergency Assistance Plus
Pilot Resources
View all Pilot Resources
BasicMed
Aircraft & Ownership
TFRs
Drone Pilot Resources
Aviation Job Board
AOPA App
Aircraft Guide
Online CFI Renewal
View all News & Videos
AOPA Live
AOPA Newsletters
AOPA Webinars
View all Training and Safety
CFIs
Lapsed Pilots
Active Pilots
Career Pilots
Flight Training Scholarships
2021 Flight Training Survey
AOPA Flight Training Advantage
100 Unleaded Avgas
View all Advocacy
Airport Support Network
Airports, Airspace and Weather
SUN 'n FUN
AOPA at EAA AirVenture
AOPA Flight Training Scholarships
Aviator Showcase
Flying Clubs
News & Media $name
De Havilland DHC-1 Chipmunk
In Her Majesty's Service
June 5, 2003 By Barry Schiff
The Chippie was a favorite of the RAF
It is said that the de Havilland DHC-1 Chipmunk looks the way an airplane should look. Designed as a military trainer, the "Chippie" has a tapered wing and a narrow, sleek fuselage that give it the appearance of a petite World War II fighter. It also has that distinctively shaped vertical fin, the signature of many de Havilland designs (including the D.H.98 Mosquito fighter/bomber).
After World War II, de Havilland Aircraft of Canada wanted to develop an airplane for use in the Canadian bush. The parent company in England preferred instead that its Canadian counterpart first develop a replacement for the Tiger Moth, an open-cockpit biplane that had been the mainstay of the Royal Air Force (RAF) and Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF). The Moth had become too antiquated to continue as a basic trainer. (The parent company was preoccupied with the development of the Comet, the world's first jetliner.)
The prototype of the Chipmunk first flew in Canada on May 22, 1946. Production aircraft were subsequently built there and in England (with some also built in Portugal). There is no significant difference between the Canadian and British models except that the last of the Canadian aircraft have bubble canopies while all others have greenhouse canopies like those on the North American T-6 Texan.
The Chipmunk is all metal except for the control surfaces and the rear two-thirds of the wings, which are fabric covered.
The DHC-1 designation indicates that the Chipmunk was the first original design of the Canadian firm, which eventually was allowed to develop its bush plane, the DHC-2 Beaver. De Havilland built 1,283 Chipmunks from 1946 through 1961, a 16-year production run, and the Chippie served the RAF longer than any other trainer. But time and technology caught up with the Chipmunk in 1971. The RAF began to replace its beloved trainer with British Aerospace Bulldogs, offspring of the Beagle Pup.
Currently there are 350 airworthy Chipmunks in civilian hands, of which 100 are in the United States and 138 are in the United Kingdom. The remaining aircraft are scattered worldwide.
The DHC-1 shown on these pages is the pride and joy of Robert "Chipmunk Bob" Hill, a Web developer for Nordstrom department stores. Hill grew up in aviation — his father was a naval aviator — and had always dreamed of owning an inexpensive, relatively simple warbird. He sought but could not find a Bulldog in good condition.
During his search, Hill obtained a taildragger endorsement in a Maule MX-7-180 and fell in love with that kind of flying. This redirected his search to include airplanes with tailwheels. The de Havilland DHC-1 Chipmunk seemed to fit the bill perfectly. He found one on the Internet and bought it on his birthday, December 29, 1999, for $40,000. He estimates that it is now worth about $55,000.
Hill's Chipmunk, WK639 (a serial number provided for the aircraft by the British Ministry of Defense), was manufactured in June 1952 in Chester, England, and was assigned to the RAF's University Air Squadrons, groups similar to the Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) in the United States. In 1971 it was assigned to active duty in the RAF to provide military students with the basic training needed to move up to a British Aircraft Corporation Jet Provost.
N6540C is based at Bremerton National Airport in northwest Washington State and is essentially the same as when it left the air force except for the addition of strobe lights and civilian avionics. The red, white, and blue roundel painted on the wings and fuselage is a postwar Type D insignia used by the RAF.
Hill says that he has no problem with maintenance or finding parts, although fixed-pitch propellers for the Chipmunk are becoming scarce.
The Chippie is powered by a 145-horsepower version of the 1930s-vintage, four-cylinder, inverted in-line Gipsy Major used in the trainer it was designed to replace, the de Havilland Tiger Moth. Manufactured by de Havilland, Bristol-Siddeley, and Rolls-Royce, these engines have a TBO of 1,500 hours even though the military ran them to 2,250 hours without difficulty.
The Gipsy Major also is called the "Dripsy Major" because if it isn't dripping oil, something is terribly wrong. It typically burns 1.5 quarts per hour (most is blown out), and 2.5 quarts per hour is the maximum allowable. "The fuller the oil tank, the more oil gets blown out," says Hill. He operates with only a half-full oil tank for local flights.
The Chipmunk has a 30,000-hour airframe, and Hill's airplane has only 11,800 hours, but this has been raised to an effective 21,000 hours because of its aerobatic history.
The airplane does not have a baggage compartment per se, but a cubbyhole behind the rear seat accommodates 40 pounds of personal items.
The brass, screw-in fuel cap for each of the two wing tanks looks more like something you would expect to find on a boat. A fuel gauge adjacent to each fuel cap can be read from the cockpit. Unfortunately, it is not illuminated, which restricts the Chipmunk from flying at night (but only in the U.K.). Each gauge has two scales, one for indicating fuel quantity on the ground with the tail down and the other for indicating fuel remaining in level flight.
The Chipmunk does not have a primer in the cockpit like most airplanes do. This requires the pilot to undertake a quaint priming ritual before engine start. It involves either opening the left side of the cowling or accessing the priming controls through small circular ports cut out of the cowling. The index finger of the right hand is used to pull a ring that opens the carburetor, and the left index finger moves a lever up and down to manually pump fuel into the carburetor until fuel drips onto the ground from the overflow vent at the bottom of the engine. This done, the propeller is pulled through four compression strokes to suck fuel into each of the four cylinders.
Although there is no electric fuel pump, there are two engine-driven fuel pumps.
Hill and I are large pilots, but we are comfortable in the narrow cockpit, which has the fit and feel of a fighter. Both pilots are surrounded by controls and switches that fall easily to hand. You have no doubt that this is a military machine.
Although the seats are not adjustable, the rudder pedals are, moving fore and aft to accommodate long- and short-legged pilots. Solo flight is allowed only from the forward cockpit.
A sliding knob on the floor near the base of the control stick is the "fuel cock." It moves fore and aft to open and close the valve, supplying fuel from both wing tanks to the engine. Ahead of that (also on the floor) is the horizontally mounted, British-style compass that is so large that it looks as though it belongs on the bridge of an ocean liner.
Another interesting instrument is the bat and ball, the British term for a turn-and-bank indicator. A spring-loaded push button on the left electrical panel is used to tap out Morse code via the yellow light on the Chippie's belly to communicate with others in your formation.
There are two magneto switches in each cockpit, and all four must be flipped up to start the engine. Only the front cockpit has a starter button.
Throttle cracked and mixture rich (meaning that the mixture control is fully aft, another British tradition), and you're ready to start.
Chipmunks in military service literally started with a bang and the smell of cordite from an exploding 12-bore shotgun shell (minus the lead shot), a part of the Coffman cartridge-type starter that uses rapidly expanding gases to turn the crankshaft. Most civilian aircraft have been converted with electric starters.
Hill's Chippie starts after only two blades. Power should not be applied for taxi, however, until the oil temperature reaches 40 degrees Celsius.
The tailwheel is fully castoring and non-steerable, which means that differential braking is used to maneuver on the ground. But it is unlikely that you have ever used a brake system like the one in a Chipmunk.
You pull aft on a parking-brake lever (similar to the parking-brake handle on some cars) on the left side of the cockpit to engage a ratchet at the point where the disk brakes barely rub against the wheels. The ratchet then holds this slight amount of braking without your having to pull on the brake handle. After that, moving the rudder bar (pedals) determines the wheel to which the braking applies. In other words, move the right rudder pedal and brake pressure is applied only to the right wheel, and so forth. When taxiing with a crosswind, add another notch of brake and apply downwind rudder to keep the Chippie tracking straight. A new Chipmunk pilot tends to overcontrol, but with a little practice, he discovers that the system is effective and can be operated without having to think about it.
On the right, a lever similar to the brake handle is used to operate the flaps. Lift it to the first notch for 15 degrees and to the second and final notch for 30 degrees.
Some S-turning is needed to see over the Spitfirelike nose.
The runup is conventional, and there is a perceptible sense of excitement as you line up on the runway.
The rudder becomes effective almost as soon as the throttle reaches its forward limit, and the tail comes up shortly thereafter. Pilots new to a taildragger without a steerable tailwheel quickly learn that the airplane must be "flown" with the flight controls from the beginning of the takeoff roll until the aircraft comes to rest at the end of a flight.
The Chipmunk lifts off at 45 knots, and your instinct will be to press the right rudder pedal as the nose pitches skyward. Do not do that in this airplane. The nose of a Chipmunk yaws right, not left, because British engines turn the "wrong way" (counterclockwise when viewed from behind) and require left rudder to keep the airplane on an even keel during full-power climbs.
Surprisingly, the engine is canted 4 degrees right, which exacerbates the right-turning tendency. This was done in an effort to better prepare pilots for transition into high-horsepower fighters.
The tachometer has two hands, one to indicate thousands of rpm and the other hundreds. It is similar in appearance to the adjacent altimeter, which can be confusing. Retard the throttle as you level off after a climb and you get a visual sensation that the airplane is losing altitude.
Maneuvering is the Chipmunk's strong suit. The controls are so exceptionally well balanced, light, responsive, and harmonized that the airplane could easily be the benchmark against which other lightplanes are measured. The DHC-1 is an absolute delight to fly, and you quickly feel as though you are at one with it. Some pilots, however, find the rudder to be too sensitive and learn to press a pedal instead of shoving a foot into it. The airplane does not tolerate a ham-fisted pilot. My friend Brian Souter says about de Havilland trainers, "They are easy to fly but difficult to fly well."
Aerobatics are allowed, but the engine will quickly burp and belch during negative-G maneuvers because it does not have an inverted fuel system. The Chippie is designed for plus-9 to minus-6 Gs.
There is no stall-warning indicator, but the strong prestall buffet serves the purpose. Although stalls can be sharp with power on and flaps extended, they are otherwise mild-mannered. (Wing camber increases from root to tip, and this helps to prevent the wing from dropping during a stall.)
4 Chippie does not tolerate being taken for granted, though, and drops a wing in protest to those who don't keep the slip-skid ball in its cage. Using ailerons to pick up a stalled wing can aggravate the roll. As a matter of fact, it is recommended that a pilot use opposite aileron to assist in spin entry. Chipmunk pilots claim that it is as easy to avoid an inadvertent spin as it can be difficult to recover from one. A placard in the aircraft says, "Spin recovery [from a fully developed spin] may need full forward stick [emphasis mine] until rotation stops."
The Chipmunk's only serious shortcomings are endurance and range. With a total of only 22 gallons of avgas in the tanks, you are effectively limited to two hours and 200 nautical air miles (plus a 45-minute reserve). Retard the throttle for descent and a pawl mechanically pulls back the adjacent mixture control into the rich position. This makes it impossible to make an approach and landing with a lean mixture.
The carburetor heater does not really heat the induction air. Instead, the carburetor uses ambient warm air from inside the cowling. The RAF wired this to the open position. Although this diminishes performance slightly, it helps to prevent students from learning about carburetor ice the hard way.
The canopy may be slid back to the first notch (a few inches) at any airspeed, but open it to the second notch (a few more inches) and the maximum-allowable airspeed is 90 knots. During approaches on warm summer days, however, many pilots open the canopy all the way for a dose of delirious joy.
The Chipmunk glides best at 60 knots and is slowed to 55 over the threshold. Most pilots land with 15 degrees of flaps, but using 30 improves over-the-nose visibility. Slips are a joy because there is hardly any airframe buffeting and control forces are so light.
The Gipsy Major should be idled for a few minutes before shutdown to allow engine temperatures to stabilize. Then shut off the magnetos and advance the throttle fully forward to prevent backfiring and "dieseling."
As the propeller ticks to a stop, a new Chipmunk pilot usually just sits in the cockpit for a while wearing a smile that reveals his infatuation. The Chippie engenders that kind of affection from those lucky enough to fly one.
Price as tested: $55,000
Powerplant Rolls-Royce Gipsy Major 8 or 10-2, 4-cyl, inverted in-line, 145 hp @ 2,550 rpm
Recommended TBO 1,500 hr
Propeller Fairey Reed two-blade, fixed-pitch, 81-in dia
Height 7 ft
Wingspan 34 ft 4 in
Wing area 172.5 sq ft
Wing loading 12.8 lb/sq ft
Power loading 15.2 lb/hp
Empty weight (as tested) 1,517 lb
Max gross weight 2,200 lb
Max gross weight (aerobatics) 2,100 lb
Max useful load 683 lb
Payload w/full fuel 550 lb
Fuel capacity, std 22 gal
Oil capacity 8 qt
Baggage capacity 40 lb
Takeoff distance over 50-ft obstacle 1,350 ft
Max demonstrated crosswind component 10 kt
Rate of climb, sea level 800 fpm
Max level speed, sea level 120 KIAS
Cruise speed/range w/45-min rsv, std fuel (fuel consumption)
@ 75% power, 5,000 ft 95 kt/207 nm (7.5 gph)
Service ceiling 15,800 feet
Glide ratio 10.5:1
Landing distance over 50-ft obstacle 1,425 ft
Limiting and Recommended Airspeeds
Takeoff safety speed 56 KIAS
V X (best angle of climb) 56 KIAS
V Y (best rate of climb) 65 KIAS
V A (design maneuvering) 117 KIAS
V FE (max flap extended) 71 KIAS
V NO (max structural cruising) 155 KIAS
V NE (never exceed) 155 KIAS
Best-glide speed 60 KIAS
Final approach speed 60 KIAS
Max canopy-open speed 90 KIAS
V S1 (stall, clean) 47 KIAS
V S0 (stall, landing configuration) 43 KIAS
All specifications are based on manufacturer's calculations. All performance figures are based on standard day, standard atmosphere, sea level, gross weight conditions unless otherwise noted.
Barry Schiff
Barry Schiff has been an aviation media consultant and technical advisor for motion pictures for more than 40 years.
Go to Barry Schiff's Profile
Pilot Magazine
Alaska CFIT
Zero passion for flying


After DSD I just needed a little break. Some time to focus, to relax and to regain some motivation.
So this weekend I have a brand new kit for you.
"Brrr" is inspired by the wonderful, gistering winter wonderland we had here in Austria in the beginning of December. In it you will find everything you need to capture your memories of these cold but special winter days.
Now I wish you all a wonderful holiday season and merry merry Christmas! Spend time with your family, enjoy the food ;) and I will see you on December 28 with more than 1 super exciting new product!
I made this "I love..." collection to scrap our favorite hobbies besides scrapping ;) There are three mini-kits about books, music and movies. And there is also an add-on that matches with all three of the minis.
The minis have similar color palettes so that you can mix and match them as you like.
I bundled them up for a very special price! Normally the bundle is 11 $ but because of DSD you can get it for 7.70 $ only until Sunday!
The second new release on this year's DSD is a wonderful collab called "Cornucopia". I teamed up with LaurenReid and Shinta from NerdyScrappers and we created this fabulous kit to celebrate the abundance of Autumn!
Today I have 2 amazing re-releases for you!
And the second re-release is a Template Pack and it's called "Squares TemplatePack"
Oh... I can't really tell you HOW excited I am!!! Today it is finally the day... My store at OneStoryDown opens! Yay!!!
I have a lot of re-releases but there are of course also some brand new products I made!
The first one is this Paper Bundle! It contains 4 wonderful basic paper packs which are a great addition to your stash! You can grab it as a Value Bundle for a really low amazing price! But of course each pack is available seperately too!
And the other new release is an alpha pack. It is called "Wet Stamp Alpha" and it is so versatile, easy to use and it fits almost every page and scrapbooking style..
You thought that's all? Well... I have one last treat for you! To celebrate this day I also have a little freebie for you!
You can grab this nice alpha pack at my Facebook-Fanpage!
Another week is over already... I can't believe how fast time flies!
from RiverRoseDesigns and we made this kit about healthy food, vegetables, fruits and recipes.
Of course I have some inspirational pages for you too so that you can see what you can do with the kit!


text:
Submit Enquiry Schools in Kakrala Apply for a School Job
DAV Public Sr Sec School, Kakrala
Address:Village Ghagga, Dist Patiala, Near Nabha, Kakrala, Punjab-147102
Website: www.davkakrala.com
CLASSES: Senior Secondary
DAV College Managing Committee is the largest non-government organization and contributing to the society by working in the field of education for more than 125 years. DAVCMC runs and manages over 720 Educational Institutions spread all over India under the leadership and guidance of Honorable President Sh. Punam Suri, D.A.V. Public Senior Secondary School Kakrala is one of them.
D.A.V. Public Senior Secondary School Kakrala started its journey in 1994 with a strength of 300 students. The school is situated on the link road of village Chupki at a distance of 500 yards from the Chandigarh Hissar State Highway via Patiala. Today, near about 1400 students from approximately 65 villages and Ghagga, Patran and Samana towns are studying here.
The school has a beautiful well maintained double storey building spread in 3 Acres land. It not only provides all the modern inbuilt facilities in the form of Science and Computer Labs, Play Grounds for various sports, a big library for search & self study but also gives a serene and green campus to the students to carry on with all the educational & co-curricular activities needed for their holistic development.
Updated on: [November 13, 2018]


If you kept track of the Campus Times Facebook page last semester, you might not have noticed much. At all. Posts were infrequent, and our only active form of social media presence slowed to a trickle.
Finally, in December, we decided to restore a social media position and began to post nearly every piece of our work to the page. Our goal is to maintain this.
After all, we make our stories because they're worth telling. So, it's worth ensuring each story has an audience to tell it to.
Naturally some stories, especially controversial ones, will garner more attention, so we won't always be equally present in the community. But we certainly intend to raise our baseline presence.
Along with posting more stories on Facebook, we'll begin posting updates on topics ranging from new projects to staff opportunities. And we plan to create staff bios that let you know who actually works on CT. Complete with photos, of course.
Blurbs and videos detailing what we do on our Sunday production nights are also on the horizon — because for myself and many other staff, the appeal of CT goes beyond just crafting the content. The biggest draw for me has been interacting with other members and learning everyone's quirks.
Considering how open we are to new contributors, it's a shame our gatherings have tended to be so insular, usually including only editors and columnists. And contributing and even staff writers often end up meeting only their own section editors, if that.
To help remedy this, we aim to run events around campus, ranging from tabling to journalism workshops. And we'd like to get back on the merch train. More details are on the way in those departments.
Because the more CT grows both internally and externally, the more we can hone in on what matters at UR, since we'll be more likely to hear about aspects of our community wanting change. Most of all, building a larger network of people connected to us in some way will have a ripple effect on our influence and ability to impact.
More students reading CT means more students aware of important developments. It means more students having their viewpoints challenged. It means more students learning about experiences — clubs, events, media — that could have a lot to offer for them.
The average student has probably heard of us, but our site analytics reveal how only a small sliver of those students read us even somewhat regularly. So if you start following us now, you'll already be joining a somewhat exclusive club. I welcome you to put that on your resume.
The future of CT offers boundless possibilities. We intend to release more content like our video of the faculty senate sit-in that puts you right in the heart of a story. Our website should also see a much-deserved boost — look out for interactive infographics and other new features.
Then again, we could scrap it all and roll out GIF-only content. You'll just have to stay tuned.


text:
Arnaldo Zanella
Arnaldo Zanella (1949), was born in Saint Erasmus, a small island of the venetian lagoon, at three minutes from Murano the glass manufactoring island.
Most of people born and living in such a small piece of land, dedicate their life to agriculture and vegetables but Arnaldo's life had to be different.
Since his very first youth he fell in love with glass and in the same time he could help his family, with the fruit of his work.
Visiting a furnace with one of his relatives, seing kiln operating, the heat and men bathed in perspiration, he took an obvious decision.
He wanted to be one of them but with a lot of good will. His good will, will be admired in future.
Around the years fifty-sixty the most popular and important organization onto the island was Seguso Vetri d'Arte, a real breeding ground for artists.
He worked side by side with Alfredo Barbini, Angelo Seguso, Ermanno Nason, Pino Signoretto and several others.
Angelo Seguso decided to have him as helper.
He was properly talented for Seguso's kind of work and in very shortly, step by step, he became an essential member for the team.
When Pino Signoretto opened his own furnace-studio (1978) Arnaldo follows the friend in the new venture.
At that time, he could attend evening courses in drawing, where a local artist was interested to teach artistic design to young master-blower, to rise their cultural level.
Takind advantage from the experience of Angelo Seguso and Pino Signoretto, he was now ready and able to proceed independently as Maestro (master-blower), at the highest level. In 1985, with some friends opens a furnace-studio "Andromeda".
He always had a predilection for bright coloured opalescent glass and such a characteristic made of Arnaldo an innovator in the sculpted glass.
His love for nature suggested him to spend as much time he could to study, develope and reproducing animals, horses above all, tropical and colourfull birds in a large number on glass trees and so on.
Unfortunately the experience with his friends has a negative end.
Arnaldo is a poet of the last generation, deeply appreciated by the connoisseurs from all continents.
Since 1991 he works in and for the fraternal friend Oscar Zanetti in the Zanetti Arte Vetro Corporation.
LINEA MURANO ART s.r.l. Fondamenta Manin 1, - zip 30141 Murano Venice - ITALY - legal notice | privacy | P.IVA 000000000 | realizzazione sito web attiva.it - VENEZIA