text:
Domestic violence victims in Sacramento's black community live – and die – in a culture of silence
abuse, Murder, African American, mourning
By Molly Sullivan and Michael Finch
This story was produced as part of a larger project led by Molly Sullivan, a participant in the 2018 California Fellowship.
Other stories in this series include:
Domestic violence resource centers boost efforts in south Sacramento neighborhoods
Lorrie Johnson wears a necklace with a picture of her late granddaughter Dajha Richards.
Renée C. Byer
Richards' death marked the first alleged domestic violence homicide in Sacramento County this year. It occurred on Jan. 8, after a particularly deadly year for domestic violence in Sacramento County, where 14 people were killed in 2018, eight of them children. Five victims were women of color.
Since 1987, more than 300 people have been killed in Sacramento County by someone who was considered an "intimate partner," as defined by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Ten people were killed, on average, every year by someone who they were romantically involved with at the time or before, a Sacramento Bee analysis of state homicide data shows.
Women were nearly four times more likely to die at the hands of a former spouse or partner than men, and black women made up a disproportionate amount of victims when compared to the overall African American population. More than a quarter of victims were black.
However, data show white and Hispanic victims use domestic violence resources far more often than black women, which experts attribute to a culture of silence on the issue of domestic violence in black communities.
"I feel like that's because we haven't created that sense of urgency like we do other subject matters," said Berry Accius, a community activist and founder of She Could Be My Daughter, a domestic violence support program for black survivors. "We'll see ourselves standing up for black males that get murdered by police officers and will be irate about it, but you don't get that kind of results when it is the black young women."
At the time of her death, Richards had 24 fresh bite marks and eight burn marks on her body, her mother, Ebony Douglas, said.
"Why would anyone do that to someone so precious?" she said, her eyes welling with tears.
Horton declined an interview with The Sacramento Bee for this story.
'FULL OF LIFE'
Richards is remembered by her family as "always smiling" and "full of life," despite the hardship she endured in her life-long struggle with sickle cell anemia, a genetic disease that creates weak, crescent-shaped red blood cells that fail to supply oxygen to the body. The disease causes pain when weaker blood cells collect in blood vessels, blocking blood flow. People diagnosed with the disease have an increased risk of early death.
Richards spent much of her life at the hospital for treatments and blood transfusions, spending almost every birthday in a hospital room.
Richards was a "fighter," family said, recalling she insisted on going to her senior prom the same day she awoke from a three-day medically induced coma. In the span of five hours, she found a dress and had her hair and makeup done, then posed for pictures with her family in the driveway. The photo of Richards standing in her red prom dress is on display in her grandmother's living room, a remnant from her funeral.
She was a naturally happy person, her mother said, but her relationship with Horton changed her. Douglas sensed something was wrong with her daughter, but Richards never spoke of trouble.
"She was so secretive," she said.
Richards and Horton began dating when she was 16. At first, Horton seemed to be a nice and ambitious young man, but the "disguise" was soon thrown aside, said Andre Douglas, Richards' stepfather.
"He can give you a whole speech about, you know, 'I'm trying to do right and I want to marry Dajha, I want to have kids'" he said. "Just give you the whole feeling of like Mr. America, like 'I'm a great person,' but behind closed doors he was like he was a real demon."
Family members said they noticed scratches and marks on Richards' neck and bruises on her back. They asked where she got them, but she brushed off their questions. Richards looked older beyond her 19 years. She showed signs of stress, Douglas said, and was dropping weight.
Many domestic violence victims bear the abuse in secret, experts say, concealing it from loved ones out of shame and embarrassment, and a fear of judgment. And in the black community, the conversation about abuse is rare.
"What makes a man abuse a woman? In the black community we don't seem to want to talk about it," Accius said. "We first of all don't want the pity party, I don't believe, and then we just don't want to be labeled."
Accius explained the tradition of silence stems from a desire to not appear weak. It's partly cultural too, he said, creating a cycle in which abusive behavior is modeled to younger generations and then normalized.
"These are learned but normal behaviors because I don't think any child wakes up saying they want to abuse someone they love," Accius said. "It becomes a thing where you see it so often, you hear it in our music, you start talking to your other friends and they don't have good coping mechanisms. And those moments of aggression ... becomes like 'I am going to show you I have power over you and the way I'm going to shut you up is I'm going to hurt you.'"
'SAY SOMETHING'
On a Sunday night last month, dozens of black women gathered in a south Sacramento community center for a domestic violence workshop held in honor of Richards. Many women, spanning from teenagers to grandmothers, shared one harrowing story of abuse after another in an effort to get the issue of domestic abuse into the open.
One woman told the group of losing her mother and two children when her partner killed them after she had taken steps to get a restraining order. Another woman talked about telling her mother that her husband slammed her head into a counter; she said her mother asked, "What did you do to make him hit you?"
"If a person threatens to kill you, to not say something, you might as well say something because they are going to kill you any way," Accius said to the group. "So say something. I'd rather say something then die, than be silent in death."
Douglas and Richards' grandmother, Lorrie Johnson – also survivors of abusive relationships – shared Richards' story, urging people to speak about their relationships. And get out.
"I was in an abusive relationship for 10 years and Dajha saw some of the bruises on my body," Johnson said. "We keep asking ourselves how did we miss that mark on Dajha? How did she hide this?"
"It's not OK for a man to hit you, that's not love," Douglas said. "I told my baby that all the time."
"I want to say, anybody are you in an abusive relationship? Please get out," she said. "I don't think I can ever get over my granddaughter's death."
Oliver Williams, a social work professor at the University of Minnesota and domestic violence expert, said the prevalence of domestic violence in the black community has been ongoing for many years. It's not a new issue. And getting out is far from easy.
"Whether you're poor or whether you're middle or upper class, one of the things is that you don't want to be perceived as some type of statistic," he said.
"I've heard women tell me this, they want to have something with their children and themselves where they are supported in an environment, but they also don't want to contribute to the stereotype that exists about black women," Williams said. "So they decide to stay in a situation until they are ready to be gone."
Beth Hassett, CEO of WEAVE, the primary provider of domestic violence services in Sacramento County, said African Americans have traditionally been underrepresented in early intervention and prevention services "where it hasn't escalated to the point that the family is all in crisis and people are in danger." Black women are overrepresented in emergency shelter or crisis services mandated by Child Protective Services, Hassett said.
"(White victims) often look for that support where black young women don't get that support, nor do they look for it because they don't see people that look like them that they can trust," Accius said.
Richards never filed a police report about Horton, Johnson and Douglas said.
For many domestic violence survivors, law enforcement is often the first line of intervention in an abusive relationship. But African Americans are less likely to call police to intervene in a dispute because they are fearful of harm coming to themselves and their partners and worried about judgment from their peers, Williams said.
"It's really a no-brainer when making an arrest," said Ed Obayashi, a Plumas County Sheriff's deputy and domestic violence expert who worked as a public defender in San Diego County. "We know who the suspect is, and really the only other element you need is a physical injury, and any physical injury is a felony."
But as a public defender, Obayashi said he saw many domestic violence suspects charged with felonies plead guilty to misdemeanors and released, some without completing court-mandated intervention programs they were supposed to attend at their own expense.
"It's a case where oftentimes the cure is worse than the disease," he said. "There's a lot of reasons there's no (911) call to begin with, and after someone has been to jail before they're not likely to call again."
Sacramento County Assistant Chief Deputy District Attorney Paul Durenberger, who heads the domestic violence prosecution team, said many difficult dynamics arise in prosecuting domestic violence cases. He said he understands why many victims get frustrated with the process.
"In the end, I think the frustrating part for victims is that they know that no matter whether it's a felony or a misdemeanor ... they know that after a certain amount of time that person is getting out and coming back. In one way or another," he said. "So you can say 'well this relationship is over right, you're not a convicted criminal.' But if you have children with that person you're going to have to deal. I mean anybody that's been through a bad relationship knows you don't just get rid of that person. That person hangs on forever."
Horton was convicted of a felony for attempted robbery in 2016, according to court documents, and was barred from possessing a firearm. Yet, he allegedly used one to kill Richards.
It's an issue that is frustrating for prosecutors, Durenberger said.
"You can pass laws all you want saying it's illegal for somebody to have a firearm. If you're a criminal, you don't care," he said. "Most of them, anyway. Especially guys, people that are into power and control. They look for any means they can to have power and control and so they're going to go out and find a way to get a gun."
FLEEING ABUSE
Richards alluded to pain in her social media posts, sharing videos of couples getting engaged and celebrity couples being affectionate, saying she longed for the same. Yet every time she broke up with Horton, she always took him back, family said.
"She would distance herself from him. Try to break up with him," Andre Douglas said. "He would come with the sorry sob story to reel her back in because by that time, he already knew what he was dealing with, so he played with her mind and her heart. She was just too stuck. And she was really trying to detach from the whole situation. He felt that."
Richards' difficulties escalated during her pregnancy and after her son, Kash, was born last year. Her pregnancy was unplanned. Her doctors cautioned that her pregnancy would be risky and potentially dangerous to her health, but she wanted to keep the baby, Douglas said. She stopped taking medication that might harm the baby, leading to hospital trips nearly every day for treatment, she said.
Horton, in fits of anger, would encourage her to get rid of the baby, Douglas said.
Richards went into labor a month before her due date and was admitted to UC Davis Medical Center in early September. While there, Horton showed up and argued with her, police records show. Officers were dispatched to the hospital and gave Richards instructions for getting a restraining order.
She never finished the paperwork out of fear of what Horton would do, Johnson said.
The tension escalated after that.
"One of my grandsons went on (Horton's) Instagram and he was talking about what he was going to do to Dajha, to me and her mom," Johnson said. "And he said he was going to kill us and then he also said that, 'And when I go to jail and y'all know what I'm gonna be in jail for, and y'all can start putting money on my book.' And I kept talking to Dajha. And she said, 'Granny, you don't know what he's capable of doing.' I said you just need to talk to me and let me know what he's doing because you're mine."
"I would die for her," she said.
Leaving a domestic violence situation is a dangerous time for women.
"You're more likely to get killed when you're leaving," said Hassett of WEAVE.
"Leaving is a process, it's not an act," she said. "That's the ultimate loss of control in a relationship that's built on power and control. I mean, time and again we see people where there was zero physical abuse ever and just that simple act of leaving or saying she was going to leave is what triggers that violence."
'MEMORIES AND ASHES'
On Jan. 8, Richards was getting ready at her house on Orchard Wood Circle. Kash turned 4 months old and Richards laid out his outfit on her pink bedspread for photos later that day. She talked about making eggs with her brother, Brian Richards, and called her mom, who was on her way to pick them up.
Then Horton was at the front door. He asked Richards to come into the garage so they could talk. Her brother told family members he heard a scuffle and then allegedly a gunshot.
Brian carried his sister to the living room and called 911. He kept talking to her, trying to keep her awake, Ebony Douglas said, and held the baby in front of her so she could see him.
Sheriff's deputies arrived within three minutes of the 911 call, reporting Richards had a "gunshot wound to the chest" and that an officer was applying pressure to the wound, according to police radio communications obtained through online service Broadcastify. Richards can be heard talking in the background as a deputy relayed updates of her condition, her voice distressed and words inaudible.
By the time Ebony Douglas arrived at the house, Richards was gone.
Officers launched an hours-long manhunt for Horton, but were unable to locate him. Law enforcement officials released his name in connection with the crime the next day and he turned himself in.
He is currently awaiting his next court appearance April 26 in the Sacramento County Main Jail.
On a recent Sunday morning, Douglas began cleaning out her daughter's room, boxing up her books and keepsakes. She still finds it difficult to be in the house where Richards no longer lives, she said.
In the room she shared with her baby, Richards placed mementos of her life and accomplishments: a small Kings jersey from the summer she played basketball in elementary school – a sport she was told she wouldn't be able to play because of her illness. Her high school graduation cap and stole, decorated with her name, are pinned to wall above Kash's crib. Above the bed hangs a child-sized suit with Richards' picture on it, a gift from the funeral, Ebony Douglas said.
A homemade "shield of faith" hangs by the door. Photos of her family are framed on the walls.
"I wish it was all a dream," Douglas said. "That's the longest I've ever been without talking to my child."
"I just feel weird, like coming here and knowing she ain't here," she said. "Or me walking in the door coming to see them, and she asks me, 'Mom, can I use the car?' or 'You got a dollar?' I'm so used to hearing that all the time. Now I just got memories and ashes."
[This story was originally published by The Sacramento Bee.]


text:
Q: Initialize jQuery Plugin property with a function instead of a static property? I would like to initialize a jQuery plugin with a function instead of a static property.
It works like this:
$("#sliderPrice").slider({
    step: 1,
    smooth: true,
    limits: false,
    scale:  ['24h', '48h', '3 days', '1 week']
});

What I'm trying to do is this:
$("#sliderPrice").slider({
    step: 1,
    smooth: true,
    limits: false,
    scale:  function(){ return some custom array; }
});

Is that somehow possible?
I'm using the Slider from Egor Khmelev.

A: You can just self-invoke a function without modifying the original code:
$("#sliderPrice").slider({
    step: 1,
    smooth: true,
    limits: false,
    scale:  (function(){
       return [5,4,3,2,1];
    }())
});

You can basically do anything within that self-invoking anonymous function. Create, modify or map an existent array and finally return it. The outer parenthesis aren't necessary, but it's a convenient way to tell anybody who is looking at your code, that something is going on there.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The first Icewine (EisweIn) is believed to have been made in Germany in the late 1700s when freezing weather struck before the grape crop could be harvested. The winemaker persisted, harvesting and pressing the frozen grapes and fermenting the juice to a sweet wine. Germany and Austria continue to produce Eiswein but their moderate European winters do not always provide the cold weather needed to freeze the grapes.
German immigrants to Canada carried on the tradition of Eiswein in their new country, with Icewine being made in British Columbia and Ontario beginning in the 1970s. With almost ideal climate conditions for the reliable production of Icewine – warm summers to ripen the grapes and cold but not too cold winters – Ontario is now a leading Icewine producer and has earned global acclaim for its Icewines.
Icewine is a unique sweet wine made from grapes that have been left to freeze naturally on the vine. Pressed while still frozen, the grapes yield a sweet concentrated juice that is highly flavourful.
In preparation for Icewine season, the grape vines are netted in the autumn when the grapes are ripening to protect them from being devoured by birds. In November, the grapes must be registered with VQA Ontario inspectors and the grape variety, acreage and estimated tonnage is verified. The grapes are then left on the vine until a sustained temperature of minus 8 degrees Celsius or lower is reached. Depending on the season, this could happen anytime from December to February. During the time between the end of the growing season and harvest, the grapes dehydrate and the juices are concentrated and develop the characteristic complexity of Icewine.
During Icewine season, wineries and grape growers keep a careful watch on the weather forecast looking for an optimum stretch of temperatures between -10 and -12 °C. This temperature range will produce juice in the range of 35 to 39 ° Brix (roughly equivalent to the percent sugar in the juice). Typically, a period of at least 6 hours is needed to harvest and press the grapes – and it is usually an overnight job. Most small and medium sized wineries harvest by hand, often with volunteers who are enthusiastic Icewine lovers and want to experience the harvest first hand. Warm clothing is required. Mechanized harvesting has been developed very recently and is now an option for larger vineyards.
Once the grapes are harvested, they are pressed in small hydraulic presses under much higher pressure than normal for grapes harvested in the regular season. Because the grapes are frozen, most of the mass is water, and is left behind as ice in the press. Only a small amount of concentrated juice is extracted. Juice yields for Icewine grapes are much lower than for table wines – with average yields of 500 litres for each acre netted, or approximately 15% of the expected yield for grapes harvested for table wines. This reflects both the losses in grape volume from dehydration while the grapes hang and losses to hungry birds and other animals.
Icewine juice is very sweet and can be difficult to ferment. High sugars can create a hostile environment for the yeast and fermentation stops early, leaving relatively low alcohol and high sugar levels in the finished wine.
Icewines exhibit rich aromas and flavours of ripe tropical fruits such as lychee, papaya and pinapple. They are sweet but have a firm backbone of acidity that makes them perfectly balanced, not cloying on the palate. Icewines are often enjoyed with desserts or on their own for dessert but also make a perfect complement for rich savoury foods such as foie gras or aged blue cheeses. Icewine is also used as a "dosage" for Sparkling Wine and as a flavourful addition to cocktails.
Other varieties that are emerging are Gewurztraminer and Cabernet Sauvignon and many others are used on a small lot basis.
Icewine production is regulated in Ontario under the VQA Act and regulations. Strict standards are in place and production is monitored by VQA inspectors from the vineyard to the bottle. Rules cover grape varieties, harvest procedures, winemaking, and testing before the wine is released. No wine may use the term "Icewine" on its label unless it is certified by VQA Ontario. Violators can be charged in Provincial court and subject to fines up to $100,000.
Wine Country Ontario is excited to share another new communication piece that was designed as a supplemental piece to the Wine Country Ontario: Our Story white book.
This brochure is currently available in four languages (English, Chinese, Japanese and French) in both print and online as an easy-to-share flip book format to be used in both local and export markets.
Discover why Icewine is the most luxurious jewel in the crown of Canada's growing wine industry. Join host Michael Fagan as he travels through Ontario's frozen vineyards and meets the talented people behind the magic. Bundled up, we'll join the harvest and learn how these frozen grapes are crafted into one of the world's sweetest vinous treasures - Icewine.


A second round pick of the Buffalo Bills in 1983, Darryl Talley never missed a game in 12 seasons for the Bills. The unusually injury immune linebacker was also a model of consistent play over his long career- that spanned in the end, 14 seasons and 4 Super Bowl appearances. Talley is the Bills' all-time leading tackler with 1,137 takedowns, to go along with 38.5 sacks, 14 fumble recoveries, 12 interceptions and 2 touchdowns. After the 1994 season, Talley hit the open market and signed with the Falcons, playing 1995 with them and 1996 with the Vikings before retiring. He was inducted into the Bills Wall of Fame in 2003, and named to the Bills 50th Anniversary team in 2009.
Darryl has battled severe depression and financial hardship since his retirement, however he's worked hard to conquer his demons, partially in part due to his wife and children. As of 2018 he acts as a football ambassador for the NFL Legends community of players. The goal is to reach out and help as many former players and let them know of the different programs that are available to them from the league. Here's hoping things continue on the up and up for Spider-Man.
Darryl Talley had some fantastic cards over his years in the league. I was pleased to add these 3 interesting designs and/or dynamic photos to the Encyclopedia. His Action Packed 1991 card embodies everything I want to see in an exciting solo shot of a linebacker, with Talley in full pursuit about to pop a ball carrier. The card itself on the front is minimally designed, and this appeals to me, and Darryl inked this card in the right spot to accent it perfectly. – High marks indeed. Skybox had a smart debut with their base set in 1992. Their subsequent releases, not-so-much. It didn't help that they along with their counterparts flooded the market with so much content it was impossible to stay loyal to any card company and follow a release schedule. Mind you this was the high days of adventure before the internet!
The 'Colors' 1993-1994 Skybox set was a really slick look but by the time this set came out, I had already had my bank account plundered regularly by the discovery of girls. Both this card and the ProSet 1991 showcase Darryl's nice arm sleeves, that intentionally were in a webbed pattern to harken to his nickname- Spider-Man.
ProSet set the standard from 89 to 92 really. (Nobody talks about ProSet 93.) That was also their problem. I felt the cards were the minimum I'd expect from a company to show me, even though what ProSet showcased with the minimal design was really outstanding for its era before Photoshop. Great photo of Darryl. It is too bad that ProSet ate itself out of the market. I wonder what their brand would look like today if it still existed. Overall though Darryl signed 3 of 4 cards, and has a great signature. I think I sent him a donation but honestly it was so long ago I can not recall.


For years, KW Competition is a strong partner of the FIA World Touring Car Championship WTCC.
There are probably only a few racing events more varied than Hill Climb Races. The immense variety of different racing cars – from touring car-, formula- or rally sport – makes the Hill Climb races that attractive for spectators. With the wide range of racing solutions, KW Competition is the top supplier "at the hill" and presents the racing series since many years, that gives a platform to both, the old and modern racing cars the same way.
With its 16 runs at eight races in the Netherlands, Austria and Germany, the ADAC PROCAR is one of the most attractive motor sport series for ambitious private teams and tuners. Also in this series, KW Competition is active as a partner and team supplier.
Since 2017, KW is the official series- and technology partner of the DMV BMW Challenge. For this reason, we increasingly offer KW Competition racing suspensions for the classic BMW motorsport cars that correspond with the respective regulations.
From the very beginning, KW Competition supported the European Drift scene as a partner and supplier. At the King-of-Europe-Drift series presented by ST suspensions and KW, not only European teams participate, but even drifters from Japan, where the drift sport was born, take place at the drift series that tours through Eastern Europe.
The Long Distance Race Championship on the Nürburgring is one of the most attractive racing series in Germany. KW Competition equips more than half of the participating motor sport teams at the races on the legendary Nürburgring Nordschleife. Finally, Teams with KW Competition racing technology are leading in the "Green Hell". Numerous overall victories, class victories and even record times on the Nordschleife are reached by teams that rely on the racing technology from KW.
In the recent years, KW has equipped the defending champion. Since 2017, KW also equips the Porsche customer motor sport team "KÜS Team75 Bernhard".


text:
WIPO-Administered Treaties
Treaties and Contracting Parties
Contracting Parties > Lisbon Agreement > France
Signature October 31, 1958
Ratification March 22, 1961
Entry into force September 25, 1966
Territorial information
Including all Overseas Departments and Territories.
Act(s)
Geneva Act (2015) May 21, 2015
Stockholm Act (1967) July 14, 1967 Ratification: May 2, 1975 August 12, 1975
Declarations, reservations etc.
Stockholm Act (1967): A notification was deposited by the Government of the French Republic in which that Government indicated its desire to avail itself of the provisions of Article 18(2) of the Lisbon Agreement. This notification entered into force on the date of its receipt, that is, on May 20, 1970. In pursuance of the said Article, the French Republic, which was a member of the Lisbon Special Union, could, for five years from April 26, 1970, date of entry into force of the Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), exercise the rights provided under Articles 9 to 12 of the Stockholm Act of the Lisbon Agreement, as if it were bound by those Articles. (see Lisbon Notification No. 4)
Declaration made upon ratification of the Stockholm Act:
"The Government of the French Republic, referring to Article 14, paragraph (4), of the Lisbon Agreement for the Protection of Appellations of Origin and their International Registration declares that the said Agreement shall be applicable to the territory of the French Republic in Europe, to the departments of Guyane, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Reunion, and to the overseas territories of New Caledonia, French Polynesia, St. Pierre and Miquelon, Wallis and Futuna Islands and the French Southern and Antarctic Territories." (Translation) (see Lisbon Notification No. 14)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Animal Info - Anoa
(Other Names: 低地矮水牛, 短角水牛, アノア, Anoa de Ilanura, Anoa des Plaines, Búfalo das Planícies, Gemsbüffel, Lowland Anoa, Tieflandanoa)
Bubalus depressicornis (Anoa d.)
Status: Endangered
1. Profile (Picture)
3. Status and Trends (IUCN Status, Countries Where Currently Found, Population Estimates, History of Distribution, Threats and Reasons for Decline)
4. Data on Biology and Ecology (Weight, Habitat, Age to Maturity, Gestation Period, Birth Season, Birth Rate, Early Development, Maximum Age, Diet, Behavior, Social Organization)
Pictures: Anoa #1 and Anoa #2 (15 Kb JPEG) (Huffman 2004)
The anoa is a miniature water buffalo, a type of wild cattle, similar in appearance to a deer, weighing 150 - 300 kg (330 - 660 lb). It lives in undisturbed forest and eats grass, herbs, leaves, fruit and marsh and aquatic plants. The anoa feeds in the morning and rests in the shade during the hottest parts of the day. One young is born at a time. Anoas live alone or in pairs, rather than herds, except when the cows are about to give birth.
Because of increasing human population and the spread of cultivation, by the 1890's, the anoa had already begun to abandon the coastal areas of Sulawesi (Celebes), Indonesia where it was once common. In 1937 it was still fairly common in the forested areas in Gorontalo, northern Sulawesi. Subsequently, increasing cultivation caused it to abandon the lowlands and retreat to remote mountainous areas. By 1966 a major decline had occurred, and it was found only sporadically as a severely threatened remnant in the undisturbed, swampy forests of northern Sulawesi. As of 1979, the anoa had declined significantly or disappeared altogether near many towns and villages (where it was heavily hunted), but healthy populations still occurred in large forest blocks. It is currently endangered.
Reasons for the anoa's decline include hunting for hide, horns and meat (it was rarely hunted by natives before the introduction of modern firearms); killing by the military; and the expansion of settlement, which has caused the anoas to retreat to more remote forest areas due to loss of habitat (e.g. due to draining of marshland) and to avoid human activity.
*** "Anoa" is the Sulawesi word for "buffalo".
*** Anoas are unusual among the wild cattle of Southeast Asia, because they are one of the few to depend mainly on undisturbed forest.
1960's - 1994: Endangered
1996 - 2004: Endangered (Criteria: C1+2a) (Population Trend: Decreasing) (IUCN 2004)
Countries Where the Anoa Is Currently Found:
2004: Found on the island of Sulawesi (= Celebes) (Indonesia) (IUCN 2004) .
Population Estimates:
[Note: Figures given are for wild populations only.]
2004: Unlikely to be more than 3000 - 5000 animals (IUCN 2004)
Because of increasing human population and the spread of cultivation, by the 1890's, the anoa had already begun to abandon the coastal areas of Sulawesi (Celebes), Indonesia where it was once common. However, it was still widely distributed throughout northern Sulawesi in 1900. In 1937 it was still fairly common in the forested areas in Gorontalo, northern Sulawesi. Subsequently, increasing cultivation caused it to abandon the lowlands and retreat to remote mountainous areas. By 1966 a major decline had occurred, and it was found only sporadically as a severely threatened remnant in the undisturbed, swampy forests of northern Sulawesi. As of 1979, the anoa had declined significantly or disappeared altogether near many towns and villages (where it was heavily hunted), but healthy populations still occurred in large forest blocks. It has continued to decline from 1980 - 2000, precipitously in some areas (IUCN 2003a) .
The anoa weighs 150 - 300 kg (330 - 660 lb).
The anoa is found in undisturbed, moist, dense forest.
The anoa is one of the species that live in both the Wallacea Biodiversity Hotspot (Cons. Intl. 2005) and the Sulawesi Moist Forests Global 200 Ecoregion. (Olson & Dinerstein 1998, Olson & Dinerstein 1999)
Age to Maturity:
2 - 3 years.
Gestation Period:
275 - 315 days.
Birth Season:
There is apparently no specific birth season.
Birth Rate:
1 young is born at a time.
Early Development:
Weaning is reported to occur at 6 - 9 months.
One anoa lived to 28 years in captivity.
The anoa eats grass, herbs, leaves, fruit and marsh and aquatic plants.
The anoa feeds in the morning and rests in the shade during the hottest parts of the day.
Social Organization:
Anoas live alone or in pairs, rather than herds, except when the cows are about to give birth.
Burton & Pearson 1987, Cons. Intl. 2005, Curry-Lindahl 1972, Huffman 1999a, Huffman 2004, IUCN 1966, IUCN 1994, IUCN 1996, IUCN 2000, IUCN 2003a, IUCN 2004, Macdonald 1984, MacKinnon 1979, Melisch 1995, Nowak & Paradiso 1983, Olson & Dinerstein 1998, Olson & Dinerstein 1999
Last modified: March 5, 2005;


text:
GE Renewable Energy Confirmed As Preferred Turbine Supplier for 1.2 GW Third Phase of Dogger Bank Wind Farm in the UK GE Renewable Energy Confirmed ...
GE Renewable Energy Confirmed As Preferred Turbine Supplier for 1.2 GW Third Phase of Dogger Bank Wind Farm in the UK
GE Renewable Energy to supply Haliade-X turbines for Dogger Bank C
Project will use Haliade-X 14 MW turbine
Deal agreement to include five year full-service Agreement to maintain turbines
GE Renewable Energy now positioned as turbine supplier for all three phases of what will become world's largest offshore wind farm when complete in 2026.
GE Renewable Energy announced today that it has been confirmed as the preferred turbine supplier for Dogger Bank C, the 1.2 GW third phase of the 3.6 GW Dogger Bank wind farm (a 50:50 joint venture between SSE Renewables and Equinor) that will become the world's largest offshore wind farm when complete in 2026. The agreement includes the upscaled Haliade-X 14 MW wind turbine and a Service Supply Agreement to provide operations and maintenance support for five years. The Turbine Supply Agreement and Service and Warranty Agreements for Dogger Bank C, will be finalized in the first quarter of 2021. Installation of the turbines for Dogger Bank C is set to begin in 2025 ahead of completion of the overall project in 2026.
GE is now confirmed as supplying Haliade-X turbine technology to all three phases of Dogger Bank Wind Farm including a record-breaking order for 190 units of GE's 13 MW Haliade-X for phases A and B announced in September.
John Lavelle, President & CEO, Offshore Wind at GE Renewable Energy, said, "Dogger Bank C will use a 14 MW version of the Haliade-X, the most powerful offshore wind turbine in operation today. In doing so, this unique project will both continue to build on the UK's leadership in offshore wind and serve as a showcase for innovative technology that is helping to provide more clean, renewable energy."
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Steve Wilson, Dogger Bank Wind Farm's Project Director at SSE Renewables, said: "We're delighted to be working with GE Renewable Energy on all three phases of our development, as the first wind farm in the world to install their innovative and record-breaking Haliade-X turbine technology. Together with GE we are continuing to lead the way on innovation in the offshore wind industry and we're proud that Dogger Bank will now use a 14 MW turbine at Dogger Bank C alongside the 13 MW turbine already confirmed for phases A and B."
The Dogger Bank Wind Farm is located over 130 km off the north-east coast of England and will be capable of powering the equivalent of up to 6 million homes each year when complete in 2026. Due to its size and scale, the site is being built in three consecutive phases; Dogger Bank A, Dogger Bank B and Dogger Bank C. Each project is expected to generate around 6 TWh of electricity annually.
GE Renewable Energy will continue its testing and Research & Development activities on Haliade-X platform in the UK by partnering with ORE Catapult and other institutions to develop programs that reduce the time people spend at sea to increase safety and use robotics, digital and remote operations to help reduce energy costs.
GE has a long history serving the UK market, with 10,000 employees across Power, Renewable Energy, Healthcare, Aviation, Capital and Digital businesses.
Source: General Electric (GE)
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Q: In Powerpoint VBA, how do I make an embedded video start playing? My Office 365 PowerPoint presentation has a single slide.  The slide includes a shape with embedded (not linked, not OLE) video which I originally inserted from an .mp4 file.  The video starts playing when I click on it but I need to control it from VBA code.  Nothing I've tried (see below) works and of course I get no error messages or any kind of feedback.  How do I start (and stop) the video from code?
Sub PlayVideo(Name)
Set Shape = GetShape(Name)
' Shape.MediaType == ppMediaTypeMovie

With Shape.AnimationSettings
    .Animate = msoTrue
    .AdvanceMode = ppAdvanceOnTime
    .AdvanceTime = 0
    .TextLevelEffect = ppAnimateByAllLevels
    With .PlaySettings
        .PlayOnEntry = msoTrue
        .PauseAnimation = msoFalse
        .LoopUntilStopped = msoTrue
    End With
End With
With Slide.TimeLine.MainSequence
    Set AnimationEffect = .AddEffect(Shape:=Shape, effectid:=msoAnimEffectMediaPlay)
    With AnimationEffect
        Set Behaviour = .Behaviors.Add(msoAnimTypeCommand)
        With Behaviour
            .CommandEffect.Type = msoAnimCommandTypeVerb
            .CommandEffect.Command = "play"
        End With
    End With
End With
End Sub

A: To start the video use
SlideShowWindows(1).View.Player("algorithm panel").Play

To stop the video use
SlideShowWindows(1).View.Player("algorithm panel").Stop

Here is an example. Paste this in a module. My video name is SAMPLE.mp4
Option Explicit

Sub StartVideo()
    SlideShowWindows(1).View.Player("SAMPLE").Play
End Sub

Sub StopVideo()
    SlideShowWindows(1).View.Player("SAMPLE").Stop
End Sub

Next insert 2 action button in the slide and assign the macros

And we are done.


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You are here: Home / People / Crestron Research Center is Renamed in Honor of Founder George Feldstein
Crestron Research Center is Renamed in Honor of Founder George Feldstein
May 3, 2022 by Ted 1 Comment
In the summer of 2019, just months before the onset of COVID-19, Crestron Electronics, Inc. (Crestron) invited me to tour several of their facilities, including the lab at the heart of almost everything they do…the Research Center. It was beyond impressive, and I've been in some really impressive labs in my career. At the time, I said it was "like Disneyland for geeks." That includes geeks like me!
Now, in honor of the company's founder, Crestron has renamed the facility the George Feldstein Technology Center. This is a fitting tribute to the man who spent his days there constantly tinkering with new products, product concepts, and technology.
See more on this Crestron announcement
In a ceremony held last week with employees, company CEO Dan Feldstein and COO Dan Brady both spoke at length about the remarkable influence of George Feldstein, who 50 years ago not only built a company but contributed greatly to building an industry. Feldstein, who passed away in November 2014, was an engineer who was passionate about innovation and technology – and was a continual driving force behind a long string of incredible Crestron products for commercial and residential installations.
Home to Hundreds of Engineers
The Research Center at 22 Link Drive, which is now the George Feldstein Technology Center, is home to hundreds of engineers in a massive space filled with state-of-the-art equipment – some they had to invent themselves as no commercially available version existed – where literally thousands of products have been created (they average 300 new products a year) that thrust Crestron to the forefront of the cutting edge of innovation in the U.S. and around the world. In a prepared statement, the company said that Feldstein's "legacy of innovation and curiosity are key pillars that continue to drive the company today, especially among the engineering teams that will call the George Feldstein Technology Center home."
Employees gathered last week for the dedication of the new George Feldstein Technology Center
The George Feldstein Technology Center enables an incubation of ideas and collaboration amongst our engineers that flows directly to the benefit of our customers. Within this facility, the character of our company is alive with teams dedicated to adapting to the problems of today and creating new technology solutions that make a difference in the lives of our customers.
Dan Feldstein, President and CEO of Crestron
Inside the George Feldstein Technology Center is an engineer's playground, like this $2 million RF testing chamber [Click to enlarge]
As I toured the Center, I was extremely impressed by the copious amounts of expensive testing gear, variable workspaces, and custom jigs and setups to test out large-scale sophisticated systems, available to the engineers working there. If you want to see more for yourself, including how the facade of the building previously looked, check out my post Inside Crestron's Amazing Research Center. You can clearly see a company committed to designing, manufacturing, and testing some of the best gear in the business.
All over the facility, I saw large scale system testing going on [Click to enlarge]
And it's all thanks to the ingenuity and drive of George Feldstein…
George Feldstein 1941 – 2014
Visit my post which features several photos from inside the then Research Center here…
I also have a slide show with even more photos of my visit at this link which you can see at the link below.
>>Click to see a slide show of all of my photos from Crestron's Research Center<<
See more on Crestron at: crestron.com.
Filed Under: Management, Manufacturers, News, People, Shows & Events, Tech Trends, Technology Tagged With: Crestron, Crestron Electronics, George Feldstein
I just filed with the sag and bbb against them for their hold hostage business model
Lets see where both complaints go


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Sanming (em chinês 三明) é uma cidade da República Popular da China, localizada na província de Fujian.

Cidades de Fuquiém

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Lemon Cheesecake Parfaits are light with a zip of lemon, perfect for a spring dessert. Choose your favorite lemon cookie. I usually use lemon wafers (next to the vanilla wafers on the grocery shelf), but the ones pictured have crushed lemon cream filled cookies layered through the parfait with a tiny lemon crisp on top. Any lemon cookie will work as long as it is crisp enough to crumble. The number you need will depend on the size of the cookie. I use sugar free lemon pudding which was a little hard to find. You can use regular instant pudding instead, especially if you are not concerned with "carb counts" as we are. Boost the flavor with some additional lemon juice or lemon flavoring. I made this two or three times before I realized it takes two 8 ounce containers of whipped topping. I could not figure out why the number of servings was always less than I expected! Duh! Be sure to fold in an entire 8 ounce container of topping into the cheesecake. You probably won't use all of the second container for layering and topping.
To layer the cheesecake into the glasses, start with a layer of crumbs on the bottom. Use a plastic zipper quart sized bag to squeeze the cheesecake mixture into the glass without smearing. Pull down one corner of the bag, while pushing the the other side up to form a cone. Fold down the top of the bag to make it easier to load.
Scoop the cheesecake mixture in, folding up the top to fill the bag. Zip bag closed, while still keeping the cone shape.
Snip off the corner so the opening is about an inch in diameter. Squeeze gently into the parfait glass. Try not to touch the upper sides of the glass to avoid smearing.
Crush the lemon cookies in a plastic zipper bag and set aside.
Cream cream cheese, sugar and flavorings until smooth. Can substitute 1 packet lemon crystals or 1 tablespoon lemon juice for lemon flavoring, if desired.
Add milk and pudding mix, beat until smooth and fluffy.
Fold in one 8 ounce container of the whipped topping.
To make parfait, sprinkle cookie crumbs into bottom of glass. Add a layer of cheesecake, a layer of whipped topping. Repeat. Garnish top layer of topping with whole cookie and a few crumbs.
Use any lemon cookie that is crisp enough to crumble, such as lemon filling cookies (such as Oreo), lemon wafers, lemon crisps. Number needed will depend on size of cookie, but generally 2-4 cookies per serving to crumble for layering, plus cookies for garnish.
Oh, Im in for anything lemon. This looks easy to make for large groups.


When you have spent your life savings on every baby appliance going the last thing you want is to pay even more out plus a kidney on a baby carrier. After all you don't know if you will actually wear it right?
How do you know which one is right? And have you seen the price of them?
Babywearing doesn't have to come with a designer price tag, it's about knowing where to look to get a bargain and babywearing on a budget is totally possible. Just think about these 7 things beforehand.
If you are unsure what kind of carrier you want visit your local sling library. They have a gazillion different carriers to try. Be aware though, a lot of libraries have limited time, so you may not be able to have everyone demo'd. So, do a bit of research first before going and then see what suits you once there. We have an amazing FREE babywearing beginners guide HERE.
You don't have to buy new to be guaranteed a great carrier. Buying preloved can save you a good 25% off read more about buying preloved HERE. Just be aware though carriers often hold their value, so you won't get a huge bargain like you would if buying a pram second hand.
Work at home mums or smaller companies often have the best priced carriers. As the do not have the same overheads as larger companies.
Buying from discounted stores or retailers can seem like the savvy choice. BE WARY though. Buying carriers from both Amazon or eBay might not be as shrewd as you think. Carriers are often a counterfeit version such as Ergo or Boba. The issues with cheaper counterfeit carriers will be the dyes used may be carcinogenic, the stitching may not have been safety tested therefore could put the child at risk of falling. Button, buckles or zip could be of inferior quality and a choking risk.
A general rule of thumb is if it seems too good to be true. It probably is and therefore should be avoided. If a carrier is on sale in John Lewis or Target for £150, but is on eBay for £40, the chances are you have an illegal counterfeit. Save yourself the money and heartache of finding our something is a counterfeit by researching and purchasing from a good retailer. If you are lucky enough to find a bargain (which can happen), asking for proof of purchase for carriers that are most commonly counterfeited, will save you paying for something that's potentially dangerous.
It's always a good idea to plan how much you have to spend even when not babywearing on a budget. Whether it's £30, £50 or £100 knowing what you can afford can save you in the long run.
Knowing when you want to wear will help you purchase shrewdly. It maybe you want a carrier for the first few months just to 'get things done'. It maybe you want a carrier that will be great for a toddler who loves your hip, but is happy in their buggy the rest of the time. It could be for going on through the airport on holiday. Or even walking in the woods. Knowing the purpose can help identify what it is you really need.
If you are still unsure of how to use your carrier, it's always a great idea to revisit your local sling library or babywearing consultant. Alternatively, you can search on YouTube for videos on how to use your carrier. We also have a selection of videos to help on our YouTube channel.
What Age Should My Baby Be To Begin Back Carrying?
Arms In or Out and When?
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UK and EU Butterfly Indicators Heading South
Butterfly Conservation UK has recently produced a new Red List for Britain's butterflies, and the news is not very good.
The declines reported by the Red List authors are linked mainly to habitat loss, not climate change. But climate change is playing a negative role in the fortunes of more northerly species.
Head of Science for Butterfly Conservation, Dr Richard Fox, says: "Shockingly, half of Britain's remaining butterfly species are listed as threatened or Near Threatened on the new Red List. Even prior to this new assessment, British butterflies were among the most threatened in Europe, and now the number of threatened species in Britain has increased by five, an increase of more than one-quarter. While some species have become less threatened, and a few have even dropped off the Red List, the overall increase clearly demonstrates that the deterioration of the status of British butterflies continues apace."
While land-use change remains the most important driver of decline, the impact of climate change on butterflies is also evident in the new Red List, with all four British butterflies with northerly distributions, adapted to cooler or damper climates, now listed as threatened (Large Heath, Scotch Argus, Northern Brown Argus) or Near Threatened (Mountain Ringlet).
Britain currently has 59 species (the Red List assessed 62 species, 4 of which are assessed as extinct, although one of these, the Large Tortoiseshell, has been recorded breeding this development occurred after the assessment for the Red List). The List covers Britain only, not the UK as a whole. Disturbingly and perhaps presciently for Ireland's butterflies, some of the species we have become more concerned about have been uplisted on the Revised Red List of British Butterflies.
The Large Heath ranked vulnerable on the Irish Red List (2010) has been up-listed from Vulnerable to Endangered on the British list. The Grayling ranked Near Threatened in Ireland, has been up-listed from Vulnerable to Endangered on the British list. The Small Heath ranked Near Threatened here, has moved from Near Threatened to Threatened on the British list.
The most disturbing assessment concerns the Meadow Brown, assessed as Least Concern. However, this finding is, to my mind, dubious. The species has shown a major increase in the rate of decline over the period of the assessment (2010-2019) but is assessed as Least Concern because of the potential for a rescue effect, with the British population having the potential to receive influxes from Ireland and Europe.
The Meadow Brown is not the universally common butterfly it was once. Photo J. Harding
This assessment makes little sense if the decline is attributed to land-use changes. The habitat does not become suitable for the species simply by receiving immigrant Meadow Browns. A mathematical model shows a projected decrease of 28% (2013-2022). The assessment must apply the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) process for assessing the status of species, but this should set alarm bells ringing shrilly.
The decline of such a widespread, undemanding habitat generalist suggests widescale environmental degradation. The Victorian Lepidopterist C G Barrett wrote that there is "hardly a grassy field in the United Kingdom from which it is wholly absent." This is not the case today, for Britain or Ireland.
In better news, conservation measures have helped to improve conditions for the Pearl-bordered Fritillary in Britain which has moved from Endangered to Vulnerable. However, these conservation measures must be ongoing, because this butterfly requires a determined programme of scrub control and rough grazing for its survival in many regions. In Ireland the 2010 Red List ranked this species as Endangered, applying the precautionary principle because the butterfly has such a restricted distribution here, occurring only in the Burren and close to the Burren.
The Pearl-bordered Fritillary is responding well to conservation measures in Britain, showing that declines can be tackled. Photo J. Harding
The Wood White, ranked Near Threatened here, remains Endangered in Britain. This species occurs mainly in the Burren and in other areas containing exposed Carboniferous limestone, in scattered locations from just south of Ennis to southern areas of County Mayo.
How are butterflies dealing with land-use changes and climate change on the continent? Broadly, in northern Europe butterflies are in trouble while in southern Europe populations are more stable. Woodland species are doing considerably better than grassland species.
A female Purple Hairstreak basking on an oak leaf coated in aphid secretions. Woodland butterflies are doing better than grassland species. Photo J. Harding
The European Grassland Butterfly Indicator is based on the national Butterfly Monitoring Schemes (BMS) in 19 countries across Europe, most of them in the European Union. The indicator shows that from 1990 to 2011 butterfly populations have declined by almost 50 %, indicating a dramatic loss of grassland biodiversity. This also means the situation has not improved since the first version of the indicator was published in 2005. Of the 17 species that the Indicator assessed, eight have declined in Europe, two have remained stable and 1 increased. For six species the trend is uncertain.
The eight species that showed declines were (species that occur in Ireland in bold) Small Heath, Wall Brown, Small Copper, Dusky Large Blue, Meadow Brown, Common Blue, Marsh Fritillary, and Large Skipper.
From Seville and Cordoba comes the startling news that Common Swift Apus apus and Pallid Swift Apus pallidus nestlings are being killed by extreme heat or when attempting to escape the extreme heat. Hundreds of nestings are being found on pavements, near death. Great tit chicks in Montpellier are starving to death because their parents cannot forage in 45-degree heat.
These are cavity-nesting birds, which often breed in cultural environments such as cities, parks and gardens, making the effects of extreme heat easily observable.
We might be missing what is going on elsewhere and to less conspicuous wildlife, like our moth species.
Apart from drastic global action needed to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases, we need to protect landscapes, like the Burren, to buffer the effects of a warming climate. Bog restoration, grassland restoration, native woodland restoration would also help.
One step you can take right now to express your support for our wetland habitats is to sign the petition in support of the establishment of the National Peatlands Park in Northwest Kildare and East Offaly. The petition is being run by No Planet B, a dedicated group of young environmentalists, ably led by Butterfly Conservation Ireland member Niamh Cowdell. The petition is here: https://chng.it/hYm7vfJjJT
Lullybeg Nature Reserve
Lullybeg Nature Reserve is a Bord na Móna rehabilitated cutaway area, managed since 2010 by Butterfly Conservation Ireland. It is listed in the Bord na Móna Biodiversity Action Plan 2016-2021. This is an important conservation location (rated Nationally Important in the Kildare County Development Plan) as it is home to a population of Marsh Fritillary Euphydryas aurinia, the only protected species of butterfly (and the only protected invertebrate) in Ireland (protected under Annex II of the Habitats' Directive 1992). Other important butterflies present are Dark Green Fritillary Speyeria aglaja (ranked Vulnerable), Wall Brown (ranked Endangered), and Small Heath Coenonympha pamphilus (ranked Near Threatened). Twenty-six butterfly species have been recorded on the reserve. The rewards of conservation management and scrub removal/control are evident as the already impressive list of flora and fauna recorded on site is increasing. The site is used as a transect for the Irish Butterfly Monitoring Scheme (IBMS) run by the National Biodiversity Data Centre, with 12 years of IBMS records underlining the site's importance for Lepidoptera. Moths that are present on the site include species ranked Near Threatened on the macro-moth Red List published by the National Parks and Wildlife Service in 2016 (Allen et al. 2016), such as Small Chocolate-tip Clostera pigra, Dark Tussock Dicallomera fascelina, Small Purple-barred Phytometra viridaria, and species ranked as Vulnerable, such as Narrow-bordered Five-spot Burnet Zygaena lonicerae. Teal (Amber-listed), Woodcock (Red-listed), Snipe are among the breeding birds present. Merlin (Amber-listed), Buzzard, Kestrel (Red-listed), Sparrowhawk, Jay, Raven and Linnet (Amber-listed) occur here.
One of the pleasures of being in an area of high biodiversity is encountering the sheer range and abundance of invertebrates. Yesterday, for example, there were hundreds of young grasshoppers, their abundance a reassurance of the health of the habitats at Lullybeg. Recording what is observed using a camera is a great way to build memories of what is present, and a great way to record species one is unsure of for identification later, using reference texts on online resources. The quest for that perfect photograph, capturing a wild animal at its best, is another motivation for many nature lovers.
Here are some images from the reserve taken this week. Enjoy!
All images copyright J. Harding
This Brimstone caterpillar is well grown, and will soon leave this Alder Buckthorn plant to pupate, although the larvae occasionally pupate on the plant, near the base.
This Red-necked Footman moth is perching on a Devil's-bit Scabious leaf. These moths teem in their dozens on the tree canopy, where mating occurs.
Marsh Fritillary eggs on the underside of a Devil's-bit Scabious leaf. Judging from their darker colour, these were laid several days ago. Freshly laid eggs are bright yellow.
A female Marsh Fritillary resting in dull weather. She has laid her first egg batch and will attempt to lay again, after feeding for a few days to mature the second stock of eggs.
The Marbled White-spot moth is regularly disturbed from low shrubs and tall grasses at Lullybeg.
This young Emperor Moth larva is feeding on bramble. They can be found on the reserve feeding on Meadowsweet, Grey Willow, Downy Birch, and Alder Buckthorn.
The first Ringlet recorded on the reserve in 2022, was seen on June 17th. The reserve holds an enormous population of this gentle grassland inhabitant.
The striking Cinnabar moth, seen on June 17th, is a nocturnal flyer often disturbed during daylight.
This is a Narrow-bordered Five-spot Burnet moth on Red Clover, seen on June 17th. This moth is ranked Vulnerable on the 2016 Irish moth Red List (Ireland Red List No. 9 Macro-moths (Lepidoptera)).
Forest Shield Bug on Downy Birch, Lullybeg Reserve.
Flower-rich grassland on Lullybeg Reserve. The Rough Hawkbit flowers are used by Marsh Fritillaries for their nectar, especially by females that have laid their eggs and are maturing their next batch in preparation for further egg-laying. Unfortunately, the spider Misumena vatia often chooses this flower lying in wait for an unsuspecting insect.
June Butterflies
The bramble is in bloom on Ireland's highways, Cross-leaved Heath is flowering on our wet heaths and bogs, buttercups are starring in old pastures and our limestone areas are awash with trefoil, vetches, cranesbills, and Burnet Rose. There is a gap in June vacated by the spring butterflies being on their last wings while summer species have not entered the fray, so June can be eerily quiet in our countryside. The Meadow Brown is just beginning to bob jerkily around the grasses and flowering bramble, while the Ringlet is not out yet. We are awaiting our first Dark Green Fritillaries and while the Small Tortoiseshells are hatching, they are mainly beyond the public eye, staying close to their breeding plants in the fields and staying away from our gardens and flowery grasslands.
There are some serious delights to be savoured, however, and here we feature some.
The first may seem an odd choice. Mainly a spring species, the Orange-tip can be found flying throughout June, especially on more exposed sites where it may emerge later. One of our loveliest species, there are plenty of larvae to be found on Cuckoo Flower seed pods, on plants in sunny positions.
Orange-tip male resting during overcast weather. J. Harding
The male Green Hairstreak is a tiny, hyperactive pugilistic character but the female is less bullish and far likelier to sit quietly in warm sunshine, especially when not egg-laying. The species always perches with closed wings, and one's first sighting is unforgettable. This one was careful not to land within the field of vision of a crab spider perched on a buttercup; crab spiders are voracious butterfly killers but their peripheral vision is so poor that a butterfly can land adjacent to it without being noticed but passing across its field of vision is lethal. A swift paralyzing bite is delivered to the butterfly's thorax, and the venom then dissolves its innards. The Green Hairstreak in this photo moved from the buttercup to an adjoining white clover, avoiding the spider. The Green Hairstreak should be sought on bogs and wet heaths, especially near scrub.
Green Hairstreak, Drehid Bog, County Kildare. J. Harding
A butterfly in flight on our wilder grasslands during June is the Marsh Fritillary. Typically a low flier, males dart wildly across their patch in sunshine but quickly settle when cloud covers the sun. Our only protected butterfly needs help, because our flower-rich grasslands are in poor condition and according to data in a 2019 report by Ireland to the EU, some of these habitats are not doing well. For example, the future prospects for orchid-rich grassland are: Range: poor, Area: bad and Structure and functions: poor. The overall assessment of the conservation status for this habitat is deteriorating. But on Butterfly Conservation Ireland's reserve at Lullybeg, the species is happily booming in 2022. Over 100 were spotted on one day in late May. Here is a male on Ragged Robin.
The Marsh Fritillary is protected under the Habitats' Directive. Sites holding core populations and the surrounding landscape holding potential habitat must be protected and managed for this butterfly's long-term survival. J. Harding.
Finally, a humble member of the brown family, the Small Heath. Again, this one needs watching because land-use changes generally destroy its preferred habitat, grassland on infertile, unpolluted soils. This is one of those butterflies that we used to take for granted. Not any more.
Small Heath, male, County Kildare. J. Harding
If you see any of these butterflies, why not let us know? Our Records page shows you how to send your records: see https://butterflyconservation.ie/wp/records/
Event Report Moth Morning June 4th 2022
Preparation for the moth morning on Saturday June 4th began months ago, when we did some preliminary trapping on Eddie and Denise Smyth's farm which lies just south of the Grand Canal near Umeras Bridge, in County Kildare.
Results showed what we expected; an abundance and range of moths in rich habitats. The farm contains scrub, species-rich wet grassland, tree lines, and a garden with flower beds and borders.
The traps were set on Friday, and we noted the sky was clear, not a great sign for moth activity unless it is very warm. The morning was cool with a breeze that was not strong but certainly with a bite.
On the plus side, the traps were set in sheltered spots so we had our hopes. Our moth enthusiasts were led by Philip Strickland, BCI's moth specialist. We carefully inspected the area around the trap for moths that settled close by, a habit of some species attracted by light but only occasionally enter traps.
While abundance was suppressed by the weather conditions, the moths of the area were well represented, with real beauties making an appearance, such as Cinnabar moth, Buff-tip, Elephant and Poplar Hawkmoths, White and Buff Ermines, and less showy stalwarts including Small Square-spot, Clouded Bordered Brindle, Clouded Brindle and Brown Rustic. Plenty of micro-moths were tucked into the egg cartons that line the interior of the traps, much there to interest Philip, who has found a number of species previously unknown in Ireland.
Pale-shouldered Brocade was especially numerous, probably because of the abundance of willow, and Green Carpet and Seraphim were also in evidence. A species that excited admiration was the Eyed Hawkmoth, a large and dramatic species whose polychromatic hindwing uppersides deliver a striking foil to the cryptic bark-blending forewing uppersides.
Our group was then treated to the warmth of Eddie and Denise Smyth's hospitality, when we were seated indoors for our post-moth tea and snacks. Conversations about our nation's biodiversity flowed, and hopefully new contacts and ideas were generated. I enjoyed the event enormously, as did everyone else.
Butterfly Conservation Ireland thanks all who took part, especially Denise and Eddie for hosting our event.
Photos J. Harding
Eyed Hawkmoth displayed its eye-spots, a posture adopted as a defence strategy.
Small Pheonix moth. It can be found in gardens where black currant and red currant is grown.
Poplar Hawkmoth is a large moth and very common yet rarely seen unless a light trap is used to attract it.
Lesser Swallow Prominent showing the short white wedge mark on the trailing edge of the hindwing which distinguishes it from the Swallow Prominent whose wedge mark is thinner and longer.
The Lesser Swallow Prominent is a natural position indicating its ability to blend into its surroundings.
Elephant Hawkmoth, widespread but rarely very numerous. The magnificent caterpillar eats willowherbs and bedstraws and the adult enjoys feeding on Honeysuckle flowers.
The Buff-tip is a master of confusion (where is the head?) and imitation (broken birch twig). Happily common, it will appear in gardens containing native trees and shrubs as well as in the countryside.


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April 9, 2019 / yingke / 12 Comments
Before holding the funerals for the deceased in World War II, one of the necessary tasks to do is to identify the bodies and relate their family.
During the World War II, Graves Registration Service (GRS) teams were deployed to take charge of bodies retrieved from the battlefield and the remains of service personnel who died in field hospitals of combat- or non-combat-related causes.They identified a soldier by looking at their M1940 identification tags, the so-called "dog tags". Mostly, the M1940 identification tags provided sufficient information. However, when the tags were missing, the deceased soldier's pockets were searched for other evidence, such as a letter from home or a photo of a wife or girlfriend. In some cases, a note written by the dead soldier's superior or comrades before the body was evacuated provided the needed information. Also, a distinguishing feature, such as a birthmark or tattoo, or even laundry marks on clothing and serial numbers on watches, helped in the identification process. [1]
13 Jun 1944, France — American Dead After D-Day Landings — Image by © Bettmann/CORBIS
After the identification of the victim, the War Department was notified by the field command and a telegram was dispatched to the deceased's next of kin that began, "The Secretary of War desires me to express his deep regret that your son [husband, father, etc.] has been reported killed in action…." This was usually followed by a personal letter of condolence from the deceased's unit commander. [1]
The cultural and ethics aspects of funerals for many different cultures were immensely impacted and even inhibited by the many devastating events that took place throughout the course of World War II. The Holocaust and atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were three events that this effect could be seen, especially through their cultural aspects as the Japanese and Jewish communities both had very traditional funeral practices that were not able to be followed as they should have been because of these great tragedies.
The Jewish community was especially affected during this time of history, as most of their population was wiped out by Hitler and the Nazi regime.From Nazi Germany all the way to the Pacific Theatre in Japan the ability to properly carry out funerals was met with challenges. In Nazi Germany there was a man by the name of Frank Blaichman who would work in connection with the Judenrat, which were councils made up of Jewish people carrying out the orders of the Nazis, and Blaichman would receive word from them as to when the Nazis would be coming into town to take the Jewish population there to the concentration camps. Blaichman would go against this intel and remove people from the city and formed a small militia to defend any Jewish people from having to experience the horrible things that were to go on in the camps. [2]
The loss of proper ethical treatment for the deaths of the Jews came once they reached the camps. They were denied the proper funeral rites that their religion practices. Traditional Jewish funeral practices entail many different ideals that should be carried out, such as a cleansing of the deceased body, readings from the Torah, mostly consisting of psalms from the Book of Psalms, and a proper casket, which is to be simple and have little to no decorations such as flowers. Another tradition of the Jewish funeral is that the immediate family members are to be the first to place the dirt back onto the casket once it is in the ground. [3] These practices are just a few of the traditions that the Jewish people hold in high regards as it is their belief that these customs help not only those who have passed away but also those who are mourning the loss. During the Holocaust, however, the practices were not able to be properly executed as family members either died in camps together or in separate camps or were unable to find the bodies of their loved ones if they were fortunate enough to have survived. There were many ways in which the Jewish people were killed in concentration camps, the most well-known being cremated in the showering rooms, and all of these ways were not conducive to the proper funerals of the Jewish religion. The cremating of the bodies is of particular concern to the Jewish religion as they believe that the body of the deceased should not be tampered with in any way as it would interfere with the decomposition of the body. [3] The Nazis also made mass graves, throwing hundreds upon thousands of bodies into a singular hole, which again goes directly against the tradition of a singular body in a singular, simple casket. [3] All of these violations of the Jewish faith, in terms of funeral preparation and execution, shook the culture of the Jewish community throughout the world as millions were unable to properly honor their family members. The question of whether or not mass graves existed in the camps was relevant for a small period of time after their discovery, but the Treblinka camp in Poland was discovered and put any question of their existence to rest.[4] Upon the excavation of this camp there was a long line of mass graves discovered with remains that were heavily mangled to further add to the horrific acts that were undertaken at this camp. The Nazis worked to also destroy as much of the camp as they could before they left which was made clear by the massive amounts of rubble left lying around the camp. This was eventually found to be true for many of the other camps throughout Nazi Germany as well. Upon the discovery of these graves it was nearly impossible to identify many of the bodies, stories were rampant from survivors in which they recalled seeing someone turn to go another way and never seeing them again only to assume they died. This disconnect ruined any ability to proceed in proper burials for those whose lives were lost in these camps.
On the other end of the war in the Pacific Theatre, the dropping of the atom bomb would serve to negate the ability for many proper funerals. The most immediate sign of this is from the sheer destructive power that was unleashed from the dropping of the bomb. A famous piece of the horrific day in Hiroshima comes from the shadow left behind from a man sitting on the footsteps to a bank when the bomb was dropped. No remains were there upon impact, simply the shadow from the blast with no identification possible from whoever was sitting there. These stairs have since been preserved as a sign of how terrible and powerful the bombs were. [5] This famous piece of history is an immediate sign to how difficult it was to identify the dead and give them a proper burial by the standards of the Japanese. Stories from survivors verify this very well, as they discuss how people they were separated from were never found and how people they could find were far too gone to give a real funeral too. Yoshiro Yamawaki Retold the tale of his father's horrific death and their inability to give him a proper funeral best. After the bombing, Yamawaki would venture out with his siblings to find his father's remains, after putting him up onto a piece of wood to attempt cremating him they would fail and have to leave his body mangled and destroyed where it lay. [6] He would go on to say that the worst feeling was realizing he would never be able to give his father a proper funeral that he felt he deserved.
The Japanese culture surrounding funerals is slightly more complex than that of the Jewish community as Japan is a country filled with people of many different religious beliefs. However, the Japanese still had a "funeral ritual" that would compromise of many different things that honored the deceased and the family members who were mourning. Like the Jewish people, the Japanese, specifically Japanese Buddhists, prefer to cleanse the body of the deceased, wrap the body in an anointed garment, and they would finish the funeral ritual with a procession of those who attended the funeral to follow the casket to the burial site. Unlike the Jewish funeral, however, this casket would be decorated and they would bring flowers and many other gifts to offer to the body. [7] Now, because of the atomic bombings that took place in Nagasaki and Hiroshima, many bodies were completely vaporized by the blast, as one Japanese man recalls walking through the remains of the city seeing bodies that were completely charred over and could not be distinguished. [8] Many families were in these cities together when the bombs dropped, meaning that family members who lived in different areas would not know if any members survived or what their whereabouts were. With the inability to conduct proper funeral rituals for the deceased, many were left mourning without having a proper farewell to their loved ones. These were terrible events that happened to both the Jewish and Japanese cultures, but they also provided changes to the cultures that promote both unity with others and provide clarity with death.
The ethical inadequacies of funerals during world war II were primarily rooted in the catastrophic events that took place. Unable to identify the dead, many were never even given the chance to have a funeral at all. Then at times when people were identified they were so far gone that funerals had to be carried out differently or they were impossible to carry out at all. Often times in war bodies are lost on a battlefield but more often than not families are given the comfort of eventually being able to bury their loved ones or receive the closure to know that they are confirmed to have been lost in battle. With these events during World War II many of the families never even came close to that
The Jewish and Japanese cultures surrounding death around these tragedies have changed since World War II. The Jewish community celebrates an event called Righteous Among Nations, which is an age-old tradition in the Jewish religion, except after the Holocaust, the Jewish people turned a lot of attention to those who were non-Jews during World War II that helped Jewish people hide from the Nazis. Martin Gilbert talks of his story of walking to Mount Zion in order to celebrate the lives of those who were lost during the Holocaust along with those who were saved by non-Jews. [9] This promotion of those who showed kindness in times of absolute fear and death truly shows what Jewish culture is about. The Japanese had a slightly different change in culture than the Jewish people, however, it still promotes similar qualities. Funerals became more commercialized according to an elderly Japanese man as the funeral industry began to rise after World War II, causing a change from funeral rituals to funeral ceremonies. [10] This change also led to a change in the way the Japanese viewed funerals as they became less of a cleansing of the spirit of the deceased to a promotion of a positive view of the person who passed.
After the war, the recognition of WWII victims' identity is still in progress. Once the deceased is found, people will first use data from archives, historical reports, and memoirs of witnesses to denote the area. The preliminary conclusions are drawn as to the belonging of the deceased to a certain military unit. These conclusions are based on the various artifacts found next to the remains, like underwear buttons. For instance, Soviet soldiers' buttons were made of plastic and had a small size, white color, and three or four holes. German soldiers had metal saucer-shaped buttons with three holes. The most definitive finding for identification is post mortem medallions. Until 1943, the Red Army employed paper medallions placed in bakelite capsules; after 1943, medallions in the form of a small paper book were introduced. The problem with these medallions is that, decades after being in the ground, their interpretation requires a special expert approach. [11] Thus, recently, The DNA technology is increasingly utilized in this situation. The step after the recovery and excavation of the skeletal remains is the anthropological examination. The remains were usually cleaned, washed, dried and partially reconstructed. Efforts were made to determine sex, age, and stature. The absence of a clearly female pelvis or skull was taken as satisfactorily evidence of the individual being male. The epiphyseal fusion was the primary way to determine ages. The remains were also carefully examined for signs of disease, injury, or skeletal anomalies. All injuries were noted in detail, with emphasis on type and location of the injuries, and photographs were taken. The step towards the DNA testing is the collection of sample blood from the alive, usually some voluntary families. In most cases, preferred samples from the deceased body included either a molar or sample from a femur. The surface of the skeletal element was removed to eliminate gross contaminants and dirt. These samples were able to provide DNA files to be screened for possible matches to family reference. The missing Norwegian World War II soldiers in Karelia Russia were successfully identified using this method. [12]
Nowadays, when any dog tags or other clues is found, the staff in charge will check their records and clarify the individual fates of the war dead. If the identity can be established, the staff will send relatives notification like during the war. [13]
The Shoah Victims' Names Recovery Project, established by Yad Vashem, is aimed to collect names of the six million Jews who were murdered in the Holocaust. Through the Yad Vashem's Central Database of Shoah Victims' Names, people can search for information about their family history during the Shoah. There is also The Page of Testimony restoring the personal identities and the brief life stories of the Jews. [14]Except that, the ability to deal with these lost lives and give them proper burials is still an issue. In January of this year the British Jewish community carried out a funeral for 1200 unidentified victims of the holocaust. [15] The Rabbi carrying out the funeral processions would speak on this in mentioning that although these people remained un-known they were still very much so people. Even with this the families of these people were unaware of whether or not it was their loved one, and this funeral was meant to be an act of respect for those lives lost. At the time of the holocaust they lost this due to the cruel actions of the Third Reich. The destruction of natural human rights was so extreme a funeral with even the slightest amount of respect for a Jewish person in the camps was intensely unlikely.
[1]"Burying the Dead in WWII: The Quartermaster Graves Registration Service" Warfare History Network. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://warfarehistorynetwork.com/daily/wwii/burying-the-dead-in-wwii-the-quartermaster-graves-registration-service/.
[2] "Ethical Dilemmas in a Time of Genocide." Facing History and Ourselves. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://www.facinghistory.org/resource-library/resistance-during-holocaust/ethical-dilemmas-time-genocide.
[3] Jewish Funeral and Burial." Shiva Connect- Jewish Funeral and Burial. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://shivaconnect.com/jewish-funeral/jewish-funeral-and-burial/.
[4]"Treblinka: Revealing the Hidden Graves of the Holocaust." BBC News. January 23, 2012. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-16657363.
[5]The Shadows of Hiroshima: Haunting Imprints of People Killed by the Blast." The Sun. April 05, 2016. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://www.thesun.co.uk/archives/news/155844/the-shadows-of-hiroshima-haunting-imprints-of-people-killed-by-the-blast/.
[6]"After the Bomb: Survivors of Hiroshima and Nagasaki Share Their Stories." Time. Accessed April 09, 2019. http://time.com/after-the-bomb/.
[7]"Asian Visions of Authority." Google Books. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=crJCNLyCnPYC&oi=fnd&pg=PA19&dq=japanese funeral culture hiroshima&ots=YpPGXbGVUR&sig=BisI7JchIaVqdcxa33OScz7lYP4#v=onepage&q=japanese funeral culture hiroshima&f=false.
[8]"3 Stories from Survivors of Hiroshima." History Hit. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://www.historyhit.com/three-stories-from-survivors-of-hiroshima/.
[9]"The Righteous." Google Books. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=1mQBeR9F0isC&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=holocaustfunerals&ots=ctGnLTWtyo&sig=yNDf7Q_V5ZJ0gnaV6TyHwC4DXag#v=onepage&q=holocaust funerals&f=false.
[10]"Handbook of Death and Dying." Google Books. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://books.google.com/books?id=Br51AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA656&dq=japanese funeral practices world war II&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjKh9mtkL_hAhWpnuAKHU3sAZwQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=japanese funeral practices world war II&f=false.
[11]Kornienko, I. V., M. Yu. Vakulenko, T. G. Faleeva, I. N. Ivanov, and N. V. Kononov. "Successful Genetic Identification of Remains of World War II Red Army Soldier." Russian Journal of Genetics54, no. 4 (2018): 482-88. doi:10.1134/s1022795418040087.
[12]Morild, Inge, Stian S. Hamre, Rene Huel, and Thomas J. Parsons. "Identification of Missing Norwegian World War II Soldiers, in Karelia Russia." Journal of Forensic Sciences 60, no. 4 (2015): 1104-110. doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12767.
[13]Smoltczyk, A. "Skeletons of The Past: Helping Europe's War Dead Find A Final Resting Place." Spiegel. Accessed April 09, 2019. http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/bones-of-world-war-soldiers-still-being-excavated-across-europe-a-1029530.html.
[14]"Names Recovery Project." Yadvashem.org. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://www.yadvashem.org/remembrance/names-recovery-project.html.
[15] Thejc.com. Accessed April 09, 2019. https://www.thejc.com/news/uk-news/1200-attend-special-burial-service-for-the-remains-of-unknown-victims-of-the-holocaust-1.478826.
Post Member: Yingke Lu, Rob Brandon Lewis, Josef Alvarado
Military War Killing and Funeral Practices
taylorrr
Related Research Postings by other pods:
https://idst190.web.unc.edu/2019/04/the-unidentified-dead-in-america/
https://idst190.web.unc.edu/2019/04/the-forgotten-unidentified-and-abandoned-dead/
The horrors of war described in this article are unimaginable, but even with the difficult topic, you all did a great job. I really enjoyed how you gave the perspective not just of American soldiers, but of the Jewish people in concentration camps and the Japanese people affected by the bombings. It is a great reflection of the fact that sometimes we focus on the suffering and deaths of our own country when there is more out there than just us. This article has some similarities to "The Forgotten, Unidentified, and Abandoned Dead," and it was interesting to see the historical perspective provided by this article along with the futuristic perspective from the other. You asked great questions and answered them well. Great work.
kaylaka
It is extremely interesting, and quite eerie, to read about the processes during WWII of identifying bodies and communicating the knowledge of death to family members. A further exploration of different cultural impact in terms of funerals might have explained the extent to which the war disrupted traditional practices, however, the post does well in going into depth about the Jewish culture specifically. The post's focus on Nazi treatment of Jews and the ways in which their actions were disrespectful to the Jewish culture sensitively and successfully communicated the tragedy of the war. I also think it was a very well-thought out decision to compare the war's impacts on funerals in the European theatre to those in the Pacific theatre, and the post does well to explore the impact on the Japanese specifically. It is interesting to consider how World War II has influenced modern grieving processes found among Americans, the Japanese, and the Jewish community.
estenest
I thought the decision to compare Jewish and Japanese war deaths provided an interesting aspect to your piece. In the case of both the Jewish and the Japanese, these were civilians who were killed, not soldiers. Moreover, they were killed as accessories to promote bigger goals for World War II. These deaths weren't necessarily "anticipated" in the same way a soldier's death might have been, so no form of identifying the civilian bodies was established. Do you think it was because these people, the Jews and the Japanese, were civilians that they weren't identified and properly celebrated? Or do you think it was because of other factors—maybe that there was an effort to keep identities hidden?
eliza1
I never considered that people had to identify all of the dead bodies they could. I do wonder what the psychological impacts this had on those who had to go through the process of trying to identify their brothers in arms had, and how that impacted them going forward after the war. I also thought you brought up an interesting point in bringing up the suffering of Japanese individuals after the bombing- that is a topic that is not brought up much in this subject. Overall this article reminded me of the "Forgotten, Unidentified, and Abandoned Dead," which had a couple similarities in the broad theme and setup of the article itself. I thought it was incredibly well-written and an incredibly interesting topic to read about.
alexkopp
This post connected with many of the themes of my own post on the Holocaust. Our post did not deal with many of the Jewish burial woes following the events of the Holocaust, so I found that section of particular interest. In conjunction the two readings highlight the atrocity of Nazi German action, but this article provides an appreciated contrast of ally atrocity. It raises the question of whether there is any moral high ground when analyzing the victors and losers of World War 2.
ianb4102
Prior to reading this post, I had never fully considered the retrieval of bodies and their identification after a major world, especially the second world war which had taken the lives of millions. I particularly enjoyed learning about the various methods that the Graves Registration Service teams used to identify the body of a soldier that did not have his M1940 identification. The fact that they used clues such as birthmarks, laundry marks on clothing, and even serial numbers on watches is incredibly creative. Additionally, I find that the compare and contrast used when discussing civilian deaths of the Jews and the Japanese adds a unique element to the piece. It is important to recognize the effects of the war in refusing these people the right to a proper funeral respective to their cultures and this post did just that. Well-written and analytical.
Gabrielle Geiger
Much like the topic of death, war is a conversation many are sensitive too. Which means that the ethical dilemmas that arise in war, are hard to for many to discuss. I really enjoyed your information on the Graves Registration Service, as this is a unit that I was unaware existed. I think that it is interesting but also sad that there are so many different ways that this team has to be prepared to identify bodies of fallen soldiers whether it be through their tags, letters, or distinguishing features. I hear a lot about fallen soldiers being brought home for burials, so it is disappointing that in WWII there were so many that were not returned home to their families. I hope that the recognition of WWII victim's identities continues to progress, and their families get the closure they deserve.
Madison Bencini
I think your post brings to light a topic that is not discussed often enough in the aftermath of devastation such as what occurred during World War II. Your comparison of Japanese and Jewish burial rites proved to be an insightful comparison as to the rights of those who are killed in the crossfire of warfare. The section about the burial rites of victims of the Holocaust emphasizes the level of human indecency that was inflicted by Nazi Germany. The specific cultural practices of funerals are given special consideration to those who participated in the war, but neglected for the innocent victims who were caught in the middle. I think that this facet of war is neglected within the media and teachings today.
nguyenqt
It's quite sad to think about World War II and just how great the adverse effects were, and continue to be as the world now has to deal with moving past the "liminality" of these unidentified persons. I think it is especially important to not forget those who cannot be identified, since there is a great emphasis on war heroes and those who were able to be identified and commemoralized, and your posting did just that. I enjoyed that there was analysis of both the Jewish and Japanese aspect, and while their parts in the war are very different, they are now united in this issue of honoring their dead post-war. I found the scientific explanation of some of the methods used for identification to be striking, because some of the methods used (like DNA testing, anthropological assessment) to be just like what is used in today's Medicolegal Death Investigation System, which my pod researched. It was very interesting to see that these are similar. One question I have is that while a lot of this posting was focused on means of identification among soldiers, how was this done for the many civilians who were killed?
Fighting for freedom is something that many men would and have given their lives for. My great uncle fought in WWII and he ended up losing his life. His mother received a telegram stating that he was MIA and that his plane had gone down into the ocean. His remains were never found. I think that it is very important for the identification of men that are killed in action to be made and I also thought it was interesting how you tied the Japanese and Jewish cultures and their views on funerals to their involvement in WWII as well. My question is how did they find a way to identify the dead soldiers and respect them in a way that was approved by the families.
jmj96
This was a fascinating read. It is not often that Americans consider or discuss the cultural needs of those affected by our military effort, or those in other countries affected by war. To know that burial rights were completely thrown to the wayside due to the number of bodies is unnerving. Some organizations discussed, Righteous Among Nations and the Shoah Victims' Names Recovery Project, were interesting to read as a coping mechanisms and ways that people could come together over an atrocity in order to give proper burials and rights back to families.


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text:
Special Publication (SP) 800-92 Guide to Computer Security Log Management
Description: The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) developed this document in furtherance of its statutory responsibilities under the Federal Information security Management Act (FISMA) of 2002, Public Law 107-347. This publication seeks to assist organizations in understanding the need for sound computer security log management. It provides practical, real-world guidance on developing, implementing, and maintaining effective log management practices throughout an enterprise. The guidance in this publication covers several topics, including establishing log management infrastructures, and developing and performing robust log management processes throughout an organization. The publication presents logging technologies from a high-level viewpoint, and it is not a step-by-step guide to implementing or using logging technologies.
Section 508 Information:
Aliases: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) SP 800-92 Guide to Computer Security Log Management
Standards Body: National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
The Vendor Release table provides the known releases for the TRM Industry Standard, obtained from the vendor (or from the release source).
800-92 2006 09/01/2006
800-92 2006 Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved Approved
Note: At the time of writing, SP 800-92 is the most current version, released 09/13/2006.
Vendor Provided* Guide to Computer Security Log Management This document links to the user guide for this technology.
Standard Components
Network Security Vulnerability Management
Data Security Data Loss Prevention
Implemented By/Verified With:
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Comparable Standards:
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Associated Standards:
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Special Publication (SP) Security and Privacy Controls for Federal Information Systems and Organizations
This is a well-documented standard.
This standard is instituted by a government agency, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and an industry leader in the subject matter.
At the time of writing, no National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) vulnerabilities had been reported and no VA Cyber Security Operations Center (CSOC) bulletins had been issued for the latest versions of this standard.
This standard sets a guideline for recommendations for securing and managing sensitive log data.
There has been no recent development activity on this standard.


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Liginaga-Astüe (en francès i oficialment Laguinge-Restoue) és un municipi d'Iparralde al territori de Zuberoa, que pertany administrativament al departament dels Pirineus Atlàntics (regió de la Nova Aquitània). Limita amb les comunes de Atharratze-Sorholüze al nord, Aloze-Ziboze-Onizegaine al nord-oest, Montori a l'est, Lexantzü-Zünharre a l'oest i Hauze i Ligi-Atherei al sud.

Demografia

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Municipis de Zuberoa