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Itu-t rec. e.164 (05/97) the international public telecommunication numbering plan
SERIES E: OVERALL NETWORK OPERATION,TELEPHONE SERVICE, SERVICE OPERATION ANDHUMAN FACTORS Operation, numbering, routing and mobile services –International operation – Numbering plan of theinternational telephone service 4HE INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC TELECOMMUNICATION OVERALL NETWORK OPERATION, TELEPHONE SERVICE, SERVICE OPERATION AND HUMAN
OPERATION, NUMBERING, ROUTING AND MOBILE SERVICES
General provisions concerning Administrations Operation of international telephone services Numbering plan of the international telephone service
E.160–E.169
Maritime mobile service and public land mobile service OPERATIONAL PROVISIONS RELATING TO CHARGING AND ACCOUNTING IN Charging in the international telephone service Procedures for remuneration of Administrations for facilities made available Measuring and recording call durations for accounting purposes Establishment and exchange of international accounts UTILIZATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE NETWORK FOR NON- QUALITY OF SERVICE, NETWORK MANAGEMENT AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERING
QUALITY OF TELECOMMUNICATION SERVICES: CONCEPTS, MODELS, For further details, please refer to ITU-T List of Recommendations. ITU-T RECOMMENDATION E.164
THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC
TELECOMMUNICATION NUMBERING PLAN
This Recommendation provides the number structure and functionality for the three categories of numbers used forinternational public telecommunication – they are geographic areas, global services and Networks. For each of thecategories, it details the components of the numbering structure and the digit analysis required to successfully route thecalls. Annex A provides additional information on the structure and function of E.164 numbers. Annex B providesinformation on network identification, service parameters, calling/connected line identity, dialling procedures andaddressing for geographic-based ISDN calls. Specific E.164-based applications which differ in usage are defined inseparate Recommendations.
ITU-T Recommendation E.164 was revised by ITU-T Study Group 2 (1997-2000) and was approved under the WTSCResolution No. 1 procedure on the 26th of May 1997.
Recommendation E.164 (05/97)
ITU (International Telecommunication Union) is the United Nations Specialized Agency in the field of telecommuni-cations. The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a permanent organ of the ITU. The ITU-T isresponsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view tostandardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis.
The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes thetopics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on these topics.
The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the ITU-T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSCResolution No. 1.
In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-T's purview, the necessary standards are prepared on acollaborative basis with ISO and IEC.
In this Recommendation, the expression "Administration" is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunicationadministration and a recognized operating agency.
The ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve theuse of a claimed Intellectual Property Right. The ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicabilityof claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendationdevelopment process.
As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, the ITU had/had not received notice of intellectual property,protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementors are cautionedthat this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic ormechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU.
International public telecommunication number structure.
International public telecommunication number length .
Structure of the international public telecommunication number.
Assignment of Identification Codes .
International public telecommunication number for geographic areas .
International public telecommunication number for global services .
Evolution path to an international public telecommunication number for global services.
International public telecommunication number for Networks.
Annex A – Clarification and explanation of the structure and function of E.164 numbers .
Unique identification of international number for geographic areas .
Unique identification of international number for global services .
Unique identification of international number for Networks .
Annex B – Application of international public telecommunication numbers for ISDN .
Recommendation E.164
The rapid advances in telecommunication technology coupled with increased diversification of customer demandsserved by a number of different types of dedicated public switched networks (telephone, telex, data, etc.) have created aneed to provide a uniform customer access to the multitude of network structures (i.e. ISDN, IN, etc.). Implementationof these network architectures has begun in a number of countries and eventually these will be able to carry the fullrange of existing and new services.
To provide a broad base for these new arrangements, numbering has been kept compatible with that originallyestablished for international telephone service. As covered in this Recommendation, numbering for ISDN and theinternational telephone service are an integral part of this international telecommunication numbering plan.
This Recommendation provides the number structure and functionality for the three categories of numbers used forinternational public telecommunication – they are geographic areas, global services, and Networks. For each of thecategories, it details the components of the numbering structure and the digit analysis required to successfully route thecalls. Annex A provides additional information on the structure and function of E.164 numbers. Annex B providesinformation on network identification, service parameters, calling/connected line identity, dialling procedures andaddressing for geographic-based ISDN calls. Specific E.164-based applications which differ in usage are defined inseparate Recommendations, e.g. Recommendation E.168 – Application of E.164 numbering plan for UPT.
The following ITU-T Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in this text,constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of the publication, the editions indicated were valid. AllRecommendations and other references are subject to revision. All users of this Recommendation are thereforeencouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendation and otherreferences listed below. A list of the current valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published.
CCITT Recommendation E.123 (1988), Notation for national and international telephone numbers.
CCITT Recommendation E.131 (1988), Subscriber control procedures for supplementary telephone services.
ITU-T Recommendation E.164.11, Criteria and procedures for the assignment of E.164 country codes andassociated identification codes.
CCITT Recommendation E.165 (1988), Timetable for coordinated implementation of the full capability of thenumbering plan for the ISDN era (Recommendation E.164).
ITU-T Recommendation E.165.1 (1996), Use of escape code "0" within the E.164 numbering plan during thetransition period to implementation of NPI mechanism.
ITU-T Recommendation E.166/X.122 (1996), Numbering plan interworking for the E.164 and X.121numbering plans.
ITU-T Recommendation E.168 (1993), Application of E.164 numbering plan for UPT.
ITU-T Recommendation E.169 (1996), Application of Recommendation E.164 numbering plan for universalinternational freephone numbers for international freephone service.
ITU-T Recommendation E.190 (1997), Principles and responsibilities for the management, assignment andreclamation of E-Series international numbering resources.
ITU-T Recommendation E.191 (1996), B-ISDN numbering and addressing.
CCITT Recommendation E.213 (1988), Telephone and ISDN numbering plan for land mobile stations inPublic Land Mobile Networks (PLMN).
CCITT Recommendation E.214 (1988), Structure for the land mobile global title for the SignallingConnection Control Part (SCCP).
CCITT Recommendation E.331 (1991), Minimum user-terminal interface for a human user entering addressinformation into an ISDN terminal.
CCITT Recommendation I.330 (1988), ISDN numbering and addressing principles.
Within the integrated service environment, the terms used for all networks and services must be compatible andconsistent. This Recommendation defines the following terms.
F: numéroS: número A string of decimal digits that uniquely indicates the public network termination point. The number contains theinformation necessary to route the call to this termination point.
A number can be in a format determined nationally or in an international format. The international format is known asthe International Public Telecommunication Number which includes the country code and subsequent digits, but not theinternational prefix.
numbering plan
F: plan de numérotageS: plan de numeración A numbering plan specifies the format and structure of the numbers used within that plan. It typically consists of decimaldigits segmented into groups in order to identify specific elements used for identification, routing and charging capa-bilities, e.g. within E.164 to identify countries, national destinations, and subscribers.
A numbering plan does not include prefixes, suffixes, and additional information required to complete a call.
The national2 numbering plan is the national implementation of the E.164 numbering plan.
For the purposes of this Recommendation, national is defined as a country, group of countries, global service or Network.
dialling plan
F: plan de numérotationS: plan de marcación A string or combination of decimal digits, symbols, and additional information that defines the method by which thenumbering plan is used. A dialling plan includes the use of prefixes, suffixes, and additional information, supplementalto the numbering plan, required to complete the call.
F: adresseS: dirección A string or combination of decimal digits, symbols, and additional information which identifies the specific terminationpoint(s) of a connection in a public network(s) or, where applicable, in interconnected private network(s).
F: préfixeS: prefijo A prefix is an indicator consisting of one or more digits, that allows the selection of different types of number formats,networks and/or service.
international prefix
F: préfixe internationalS: prefijo internacional A digit or combination of digits used to indicate that the number following is an International Public TelecommunicationNumber.
country code (CC) for geographic areas
F: indicatif de pays pour zones géographiquesS: indicativo de país para áreas geográficas The combination of one, two or three digits identifying a specific country, countries in an integrated numbering plan, ora specific geographic area.
national (significant) number [N(S)N]
F: numéro national (significatif) [N(S)N]S: número nacional (significativo) [N(S)N] That portion of the number that follows the country code for geographic areas. The national (significant) numberconsists of the National Destination Code (NDC) followed by the Subscriber Number (SN). The function and format ofthe N(S)N is nationally determined.
national destination code (NDC)
F: indicatif national de destination (NDC)S: indicativo nacional de destino (NDC) A nationally optional code field, within the E.164 number plan, which combined with the Subscriber's Number (SN) willconstitute the national (significant) number of the international public telecommunication number for geographic areas.
The NDC will have a network and/or trunk code selection function.
The NDC can be a decimal digit or a combination of decimal digits (not including any prefix) identifying a numberingarea within a country (or group of countries included in one integrated numbering plan or a specific geographic area)and/or network/services.
national (trunk) prefix
F: préfixe (interurbain) nationalS: prefijo (interurbano) nacional A digit or combination of digits used by a calling subscriber, making a call to a subscriber in his own country but outsidehis own numbering area. It provides access to the automatic outgoing trunk equipment.
trunk code (TC)
F: indicatif interurbain (TC)S: indicativo interurbano (TC) A digit or combination of digits, not including the national (trunk) prefix, identifying the numbering area within acountry (or group of countries included in one integrated numbering plan or a specific geographic area).
The trunk code has to be used before the called subscriber's number when the calling and called subscribers are indifferent numbering areas. The trunk code is a particular application of NDC.
destination network (DN) code
F: indicatif de réseau de destination (DN)S: indicativo de red de destino (DN) An optional code field within the E.164 numbering plan which identifies the destination network serving the destinationsubscriber. It performs the destination network selection function of the NDC. In some instances it can be combined witha trunk code to form the NDC. The DN code can be a decimal digit or a combination of decimal digits (not including anyprefix).
country code (CC) for global services
F: indicatif de pays pour les services mondiauxS: indicativo de país para servicios mundiales A 3-digit Country Code used to identify the global service.
F: service mondialS: servicio mundial A service defined by the ITU-T, provisioned on the public switched network, to which the ITU-T has assigned a specificcountry code to enable the provision of that international service between two or more countries and/or integratednumbering plans.
global subscriber number (GSN)
F: numéro d'abonné mondial (GSN)S: número de abonado mundial (GSN) The number identifying a subscriber for a particular global service.
country code (CC) for Networks
F: indicatif de pays pour les RéseauxS: indicativo de país para Redes A shared 3-digit Country Code used in combination with an identification code to identify an international Network.
Internationally interconnected physical nodes and operational systems operated and maintained by one or more ROAs toprovide public telecommunications services. Private networks are not included in this definition. Note that the use ofcapital "N" in Networks indicates that this definition applies.
identification code (IC)
F: code d'identification (IC)S: código de identificación (SC) The code subsequent to a shared E.164 country code that uniquely identifies an international Network.
subscriber number (SN)
F: numéro d'abonné (SN)S: número de abonado (SN) The number identifying a subscriber in a network or numbering area.
escape code
F: code d'échappementS: código de escape One or more digits which indicate that the digits that follow are from a specific numbering plan which is different fromthe originating numbering plan.
An escape code can be carried forward through the originating network and can be carried across internetwork andinternational boundaries. Therefore the digits used for escape codes should be standardized.
This Recommendation uses the following abbreviations.
International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee International Telecommunication Union – Telecommunication Standardization Sector Recommendation E.164 (05/97)
International public telecommunication number structure
This clause identifies three different structures for the international public telecommunication number: International public telecommunication number for geographic areas.
International public telecommunication number for global services.
International public telecommunication number length
The ITU-T recommends that the maximum number of digits for the international geographic, global services, andnetwork applications should be 15 (excluding the international prefix). Administrations are invited to do their utmost tolimit the digits to be dialled to the degree possible consistent with the service needs.
Structure of the international public telecommunication number
The international public telecommunication number for geographic areas (Figure 1) is composed of a variable number of decimal digits arranged in specific code fields. The international public telecommunication number codefields are the Country Code (CC) and the National (Significant) Number N(S)N .
Figure 1 shows the international public telecommunication number structure for geographic areas.
NDC National Destination Code (optional)SN Subscriber NOTE – National and international prefixes are not part of the international public telecommunication number forgeographic areas.
Figure 1/E.164 – International public telecommunication number structure for geographic areas
The international public telecommunication number for global services (Figure 2) is composed of decimal digits that vary depending on the specific service. The international service number code fields are the 3-digit countrycode and the Global Subscriber Number (GSN).
Figure 2 shows the international public telecommunication number structure for global services. The use of this format isservice specific and is dependent on the numbering requirements as detailed in the appropriate Recommendation,e.g. Recommendation E.169 – Application of Recommendation E.164 numbering plan for universal internationalfreephone numbers for international freephone service.
NOTE – National and international prefixes are not considered to be part of the international public telecommuni-cation number for global services.
Figure 2/E.164 – International public telecommunication number structure for global services
The international public telecommunication number for Networks (Figure 3) is composed of decimal digits arranged in three code fields. The code fields are the 3-digit shared Country Code (CC) field, the IC field, which variesin length between 1 to 4 digits, and the Subscriber Number (SN) which can be up to 15 minus the number of digits in theCC and IC fields.
Figure 3 shows the international public telecommunication number for Networks.
Number of digits in Identification Code (IC) NOTE – National and international prefixes are not part of the international public telecommunication number forNetworks.
Figure 3/E.164 – International public telecommunication number structure for Networks
Assignment of Country Codes (CCs)
Country codes may be assigned to either geographic areas, global services or shared among Networks.
The status of country codes for geographic areas, global services, and Networks is published periodically by All spare country codes will be assigned on a three-digit basis.
The assignment and reservation of country codes shall follow the criteria and procedures as defined in Assignment of Identification Codes
The list of assigned and reserved identification codes with their associated country codes is published The assignment and reservation of identification codes shall follow the criteria and procedures as defined in International public telecommunication number for geographic areas
Principles, criteria and procedures for the assignment of international public telecommunication numbers for geographicareas may be found in Recommendations E.190 and E.164.1.
Country Code for geographic areas
The Country Code is used to select the destination country3 and varies in length from 1 to 3 digits.
National (significant) number
The ITU-T recommends that the maximum number of digits of the National (Significant) Number, N(S)N, should be equal to 15-n, where n is the number of digits of the country code.
The N(S)N is used to select the destination subscriber. In selecting the destination subscriber, however, it may be necessary to select a destination network. To accomplish this selection, the N(S)N code field comprises a NationalDestination Code (NDC) followed by the Subscriber's Number (SN). The NDC and SN may be inseparably connected insome national applications to form a single composite dialling sequence.
The NDC field, if used, will be variable in length depending upon the requirements of the destination country.
Each NDC may have one of the following structures: a Destination Network (DN) code, which can be used to select a destination network serving the destinationsubscribers; any combination of Destination Network (DN) code and Trunk Code (TC).
The NDCs of an Administration may consist of one of the above structures or others as defined by nationalAdministrations.
NOTE – The sequences DN-TC and TC-DN are a national matter. The various NDC options (TC/DN) are reflected in Figure 4.
The SN varies in length depending on the requirements of the destination country. Where appropriate, identification of a specific network within the destination country shall be through the use of a NDC incorporated in the public telecommunication number.
Whenever the term country, destination country or originating country is used in this subclause, it identifies a specific country, agroup of countries in an integrated numbering plan or a specific geographical area.
Figure 4/E.164 – Options for NDC structure
A prefix is an indicator consisting of one or more digits that allows the selection of different types of number formats,networks and/or service. Prefixes are not part of the number and are not signalled over international boundaries. It is anational matter to decide whether prefixes can be signalled between domestic networks.
Prefixes can also be used for carrier network and service selection nationally.
The national (trunk) prefix is not included in N(S)N. Accordingly, in the international service, the national (trunk) prefixof the country of destination must not be dialled.
It should be noted that, in some countries, it is customary to consider for national purposes that the national (trunk)prefix is included in the national number which is then not the N(S)N. A careful distinction must therefore be madebetween such national definition or practice and the ITU-T definition, which is internationally valid. In order to avoidmisunderstanding, the ITU-T definition includes the word "significant" between brackets, reading as follows: "national(significant) number".
It is recommended by the ITU-T that the Administrations of countries that have not yet adopted a trunk prefix for accessto their national automatic trunk network adopt a prefix composed of a single digit, preferably 0. Irrespective of whatdigit is adopted as a trunk prefix, this digit should be precluded from being used also as a first digit of the N(S)N.
to provide the maximum degree of standardization of the national (trunk) prefixes used in different countries, sothat dialling is made as easy as possible for a person travelling from one country to another; to minimize the number of digits to be dialled; to reduce user problems which arise because of the requirement, in automatic international operation, that the trunkprefix of the country of destination must not be dialled.
In the automatic international service, following the international prefix and country code of the called country, thecaller should dial the N(S)N of the called subscriber [i.e. without dialling the national (trunk) prefix].
The use and printing of symbols and separators in national and international telephone numbers are detailed inRecommendation E.123.
National numbering plan
Characteristics of national numbering plan
Each Administration should give the most careful consideration to the preparation of a national numbering plan for itsown network. This plan should be designed: to allow generous provision for future growth in the number of subscribers and services to the national system; with the consideration that the national network will ultimately be accessible to subscribers in other countries bymeans of international dialling procedures; so that subscribers would always be called by either the same N(S)N or SN, a national matter, regardless of wherethe call originated from within the national numbering plan.
The numbering plan will be based on and evolve from the existing numbering plans applicable to national andinternational public telephone networks.
Where multiple destinations (i.e. ROAs/networks) serve the called party's geographical area, the national numberingarrangement in the country of destination shall provide for discrimination between these ROAs/networks. The procedurefor discrimination between multiple transit ROAs/networks is not considered to be a destination address requirement andshall therefore be excluded from these numbering arrangements.
The ten-digit decimal character set 0-9 is used throughout the numbering plan format including subscriber number,national (significant) number and the country code.
Prefixes and other information concerned with identifying selection procedures or Network Service parameters (such asQuality of Service or transit delay) do not form part of the number.
An integrated numbering plan shall include an unambiguous identification of a particular country. In addition, thenumber will identify networks within these countries, if required.
Notification of national numbering changes
Administrators should advise the ITU-T, on a non-binding informational basis, of significant national numbering planchanges well in advance of the event, so that this information can be published by the TSB. It is recommended that thisnotification be submitted at least 2 years in advance to ensure formal and timely information to the widest possibledistribution.
Resource administrators are encouraged to inform other resource administrators of significant national numbering planchanges well in advance of its implementation.
Digit analysis
the originating country must analyze a number of digits of the E.164 international number. The length of the NationalDestination Code (NDC) increases the potential requirement for number analysis because it provides for a combinationof either a Trunk Code (TC) and/or a network identification function. Careful consideration should be given to thepreparation of the National Destination Code (NDC) assignments.
On international calls the number analysis performed at the originating country need not be more than the four digits of the N(S)N in the case of a country with a three-digit country code; five digits of the N(S)N in the case of a country with a two-digit country code; six digits of the N(S)N in the case of a country with a one-digit country code.
Although the potential for seven-digit analysis exists, it is not required for every call. The terminating country willinform the originating country which of the seven dialled digits of the E.164 number will indicate when seven-digitanalysis is required. Some Administrations will be able to implement the charging arrangements with seven-digitanalysis at the same time as the associated routing. Others may not be able to implement the charging arrangements atthe same time; bilateral arrangements should be agreed with these Administrations.
The national numbering plan of a country should be such that digit analysis for incoming international calls need not exceed established limits applicable to the N(S)N but allows: determination of routing that reflects economic and other appropriate network factors; distinctions for charging in those countries where distinctions are applicable.
International public telecommunication number for global services
The numbering plan for global services is service specific. Each use of an E.164 country code for a global service needsto comply with numbering assignment principles, as specified in Recommendation E.190, as identified for the specificservice, and the criteria and procedures as specified in Recommendation E.164.1. Refer to the appropriate numberingRecommendation for documentation regarding the numbering scheme and any service specific principles,e.g. Recommendation E.168 – Application of E.164 numbering plan for UPT.
The international public telecommunication number for global services is composed of the 3-digit country code appliedfor the global service and the Global Subscriber Number (GSN). The maximum length is 15 digits (see Figure 2).
Country Code for global services
The country code for a global service is used to identify the global service and is three digits in length.
Global Subscriber Number
The Global Subscriber Number (GSN) consists of the digits following the country code for the global service. Thestructure and functionality of these digits is application dependent and will be addressed in the appropriate global servicenumbering Recommendations, e.g. Recommendation E.169 – Application of Recommendation E.164 numbering planfor universal international freephone numbers for international freephone service.
Digit analysis for global services is service specific. In order to determine the specific global service, and the call routingand charging, the digit analysis should not exceed 7 digits, e.g. 3-digit CC + 4 digits of N(S)N. Refer to the appropriateITU-T numbering Recommendation for documentation regarding the number analysis requirements for the specificglobal service.
Evolution path to an international public telecommunication number for global services
The development of a numbering plan for a global service should consider the possibility for the subscribers, whoalready have a number for the same comparable domestic service, to evolve their domestic Subscriber Number (SN) tothe Global Subscriber Number (GSN).
It is assumed that ITU-T recognized global services will be location independent.
If in the implementation of the global service there are duplicate numbering requests and there are no service specificresolution procedures, then the duplicate request procedures should be invoked as defined in Recommendation E.169 –Application of Recommendation E.164 numbering plan for universal international freephone numbers for internationalfreephone service.
International public telecommunication number for Networks
Principles, criteria and procedures for the assignment of international public telecommunication numbers for inter-national Networks may be found in Recommendations E.164.1 and E.190.
International public telecommunication numbers used by Networks consist of three parts: a shared 3-digit E.164 countrycode; an identification code; and a subscriber number (see Figure 3). The maximum length of international public tele-communication numbers used by Networks is fifteen (15) digits.
Country Code for Networks
These digits are the first three digits of international public telecommunication numbers for Networks. A country codefor networks is a shared combination of 3 digits and is used in combination with the Identification Code to identifynetworks.
Identification Code
An Identification Code (IC) is a combination of 1 to 4 digits used for identification of Networks. These digits follow theshared country code field within international public telecommunication numbers for Networks.
Subscriber Numbers
Subscriber numbers are the remaining digits which follow the shared country code and the IC. The structure andfunctionality is determined by the network operator. The maximum length of the subscriber number is 15 minus, thetotal of the CC and IC digits.
For calls utilizing the international public telecommunication number for Networks, the maximum number of digits to beanalyzed is seven, which includes the three digits of the E.164 country code, the identification code, and the initialsignificant digits (if any) of the subscriber number. A minimum of the 3-digit country code and IC must always beanalyzed to determine the appropriate routing and charging.
Escape codes
The use of escape codes shall be in accordance with Recommendation E.166, which describes the use of digit "0" (zero)as an escape code for numbering plan interworking between E.164 and X.121 numbering plans until 31/12/2000 at2359 UTC.
It is recommended by the ITU-T that the Administrations of countries that have not yet introduced automatic inter-national operation, or Administrations and international network operators that are, for various reasons, defining orrevising their numbering plans, adopt an international prefix (a code for access to the international automatic network)composed of the two digits 004.
In accordance with Recommendation E.123, the symbol "+" is recommended to indicate that an international prefix isrequired.
Where there is a requirement for further discrimination between international network operators and/or the different networkservices they provide, the method for accommodating this need is a national matter.
Recommendation history
Recommendation E.163, first issue 1964 – revised at all subsequent Plenary Assemblies.
Recommendation E.163 – merged with Recommendation E.164 (see below).
Recommendation E.164, first issue 1984.
Recommendation E.164, second issue 1988.
Recommendation E.164, third issue 1991 – merged with Recommendation E.163.
Recommendation E.164, fourth issue 1997 – incorporates Recommendations E.160 and E.162.
Clarification and explanation of the structure and function of E.164 numbers
E.164 numbering is the basis for global addressing in fixed and mobile terminal networks. These numbering resources uniquely identify user-network interfaces, e.g. PSTN/ISDN, mobile terminals, and individuals utilizingspecific global services, e.g. Universal International Freephone Numbers (UIFNs). Most of the services/subscribers canbe addressed directly, but in cases where indirect addressing is used number translation is required, e.g. for UIFNs.
This Annex provides clarification and explanation to the structure and functionality of E.164 numbers. These structures/functions are independent of the technical arrangement to record, charge or route the calls.
The international number, which is the foundation of the hierarchy, consists of the country code plus the necessary additional elements (NDC + SN, GSN or IC + SN). The international public telecommunication number existsonly at the international level, i.e. the CC and GSN are combined to form a single dialling sequence.
In countries where NDC and SN are combined to form a single dialling sequence or where the NDC does not exist, the local and national levels are integrated and there is no difference between the subscriber number and thenational (significant) number.
E.164 numbers have hierarchical structures as shown in Figure A.1.
When in the local level, typically the use of a national (trunk) prefix provides access to the national level, and the use of an international prefix provides access to the international level.
Numbers that only exist in the local, intraNetwork and/or national level are not considered E.164 numbers.
Number length
International number for geographic areas
International numbers for geographic areas have a maximum length of 15 digits.
The maximum length of national (significant) numbers is 15 digits minus the length of the country code.
The maximum length of subscriber numbers is 15 digits minus the length of the country code and the national Recommendation E.164 (05/97)
International number for geographic areas NOTE – IntraNetwork level is used when calling and called parties are within the same network.
Figure A.1/E.164 – Hierarchical structures of E.164 numbers
International number for global services
The maximum length of a global subscriber number is 12 digits since the country code assigned to global services isalways 3 digits in length.
International number for Networks
The maximum length of the combined identification code and subscriber number is 12 digits since the country code fornetworks is always 3 digits in length.
Summary of number length
Table A.1 summarizes the maximum number length on each level for the three categories of international numbers.
Table A.1/E.164 – Maximum number length
Unique identification of international number for geographic areas
An international number for geographic areas uniquely identifies a subscriber within a geographical area locally, nationally and internationally, i.e. dialling the subscriber number locally, the national (significant) numbernationally and the international number internationally always provides identification of the same subscriber.
The national (significant) number provides unique identification of one subscriber irrespective of where the call is generated from within the country or geographical area characterized by CC.
The subscriber number provides unique identification of one subscriber irrespective of where the call is generated from within a local area identified by NDC, where applicable. The subscriber number is a complete numberand can therefore not be separated.
Use of prefixes to distinguish the national (significant) number and the international number from the subscriber number does not alter the uniqueness of E.164 numbers.
Unique identification of international number for global services
The international number for global services uniquely identifies subscribers only at the international level. The inter-national number for global services is a complete number, and can therefore not be separated.
Unique identification of international number for Networks
For illustrative purposes only, it is assumed that intraNetwork dialling is by subscriber number.
An international number for Networks uniquely identifies a subscriber within a Network, and internationally, i.e. dialling the subscriber number and the international number, always provides identification of the same subscriber.
The subscriber number provides unique identification of one subscriber irrespective of where the call is generated from within the Network identified by CC + IC. The subscriber number is a complete number and cantherefore not be separated.
Use of an international prefix to distinguish the subscriber number and the international number for Networks does not alter the uniqueness of E.164 numbers.
Non-E.164 numbers
Any international number for geographical areas, global services or Networks which does not conform to the structure, length and uniqueness as defined in this Annex or in the main body of this Recommendation is not an E.164number.
Non-E.164 numbers may not be passed across any Network boundaries without a specific bilateral agreement.
Listed below are some examples of non-E.164 numbers from the first category of numbers. These examples Recommendation E.164 (05/97)
Local special numbers
For example Local Special Numbers (LSPNs) with significantly fewer digits than subscriber numbers, and which arevalid for a specific purpose only, within a limited part of the same NDC area.
The LSPNs are part of a hierarchical structure with three levels as follows: Since LSPNs are significantly shorter than the subscriber numbers, they are within the limits of Table A.1.
If LSPNs and NDC + LSPN terminate at the same service then LSPN would be an E.164 number, but this is not the casein this example. In our example the LSPN terminates at, for instance, two different services within the NDC area,depending upon from where the calling user is located. LSPN and NDC + LSPN are ambiguous and therefore not E.164numbers.
International special numbers used nationally
In this example, the International Special Numbers (ISPNs) are numbers with significantly fewer digits than ordinarysubscriber numbers, and which only exist in an international format within the country which provides it. The digits ofISPN are identical to the leading digits of one or more subscriber numbers.
Nationally, the ISPNs exist only at the international level as follows: Since ISPNs are significantly shorter than the subscriber numbers, they are within the limits of Table A.1.
Nationally the CC + NDC + ISPN could terminate at a service center. As the digits of ISPN are identical to the leadingdigits of a subscriber number, all incoming international calls to the service center will fail because the CC + NDC +ISPN and the leading digits of CC + NDC + SN are ambiguous, and therefore not E.164 numbers.
Network specific numbers
In this example network specific numbers are numbers that belong to subscribers connected to one network operator in acountry with more than one operator, but where the network operator demands that the calling user dials some additionaldigits.
The network specific numbers have a hierarchical structure with 3 levels as follows: NOTE – ADs (Additional Digits) are the network operator identification digits that would have to be added by the calling usersabroad to remove ambiguity and reach a particular subscriber in specific national network.
The international number does not fit in the hierarchical structure because it consists of more than the country code plusthe national (significant) number. AD is not part of the national (significant) number, but may be part of a national prefixused to distinguish the national (significant) numbers from the subscriber numbers.
The numbers are not unique because NDC + SN and CC + NDC + SN lead to two different subscribers.
Network-specific numbers that are manipulated in this way are not E.164 numbers.
National (significant) numbers with excessive length
In this example, the national (significant) numbers (NDC + SN) as used nationally have differing lengths, and thelongest national (significant) numbers violate the maximum given in Table A.1.
The numbers have a hierarchical structure as follows. The structure is independent of the number length.
Some of the national (significant) numbers (NDC + SN) and international numbers (CC + NDC + SN) are longer thanthe maximum given in Table A.1. These numbers are not E.164 numbers. The most significant part of the national(significant) numbers, truncated to the limits given in Table A.1, are E.164 numbers provided that they are unique.
Application of international public telecommunication numbers for ISDN
This Annex describes the application of international public telecommunication numbers to ISDN numbering andaddressing. Additional numbering and addressing requirements are covered in separate Recommendations, e.g. B-ISDNis contained in Recommendation E.191.
ISDN numbers
Numbering for ISDN is an integral part of the international public telecommunication numbering plan.
The ISDN number is an application of international public telecommunication numbering for geographic areas and forinternational networks, to the ISDN user-network interface/network termination.
Identification within a subscriber's installation of a point beyond the ISDN boundary requires the transfer of addressinformation from the public network to the subscriber's equipment. Two cases can apply: identification by an ISDN number plus additional address information.
Addressing by an ISDN number
When selecting a destination in the subscriber installation, digits forming the end of the ISDN subscriber number aretransferred to the called subscriber's installation as a partial number (see Figure B.1). The number of digits used dependsupon the requirements of the called subscriber's equipment and the capacity of the numbering plan used.
In instances where a partial number is utilized, e.g. Network Termination 2 (NT2), the number will be used in thecontext of the direct-dialling-in supplementary service.
If the subscriber's installation consists of terminal equipment only, the transferred digits will be used in the context ofthe multiple-subscriber-number supplementary service.
NOTE – The multiple-subscriber-number application is not covered in the diagram.
Figure B.1/E.164
Sub-addressing (network address extension)
Sub-addressing provides an additional addressing capacity outside the ISDN numbering plan but constitutes an intrinsicpart of the ISDN addressing capabilities. The sub-address is a sequence of digits, following the ISDN number. Themaximum length should be 20 octets (40 digits). As shown in Figure B.1, the sub-address may follow the ISDN numberand form the ISDN address, which is transferred to the equipment at the subscriber's premises.
When required, the sub-address is sent by the calling party within the call set-up procedure and is passed transparentlythrough the network as a separate entity from both the ISDN number and user-to-user information. Sub-addressinformation is not required to be processed within the public network.
Combination of addressing and sub-addressing
Sub-addressing may be used separately or in combination with a partial number (see Figure B.1).
Dialling procedures
The subscriber dialling procedures for local, national and international calls shall be in accordance with clause 7. However, subscriber's control procedures for supplementary services will be as defined in RecommendationE.131 or in separate Recommendations for each service.
ISDN subscribers will always be called by the same subscriber number irrespective of where in the public network the call originates. For calls in the same numbering area or local network, the subscriber number alone isdialled. For national calls between numbering areas or local networks, the subscriber number may be preceded by thenational prefix and the national destination code.
The addressing procedures for calls using sub-addressing are described in B.3.
Network identification
In countries served by more than one ISDN and/or Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN), the networkidentification of each is a national matter.
Network identification within the national (significant) number shall be such that: in a country all destination ISDN and PSTN networks shall operate under a single country code; the international number maximum length of 15 digits shall not be exceeded, nor shall it be necessary for thenumber of digits for number analysis to exceed that specified in 7.5; provision of network identification is not mandatory for countries using a single integrated numbering planarrangement for their ISDNs and PSTNs.
In all cases when Network codes are assigned, they are supplemented with Identification Codes (ICs) which uniquelyidentify each international Network.
Digit analysis of the CC + IC provides the required network identification.
Service parameters
The ISDN number by itself will not identify the particular nature of the service, which is derived from particularsignalling parameters that are not part of the numbering plan. For example, for ISDN calls, in addition to a number andpossible prefix, there is a requirement to provide a choice of bearer capability in the signalling protocol. One number cantherefore facilitate access to more than one service.
Calling/connected line identity
Calling/Connected Line Identity (CLI/COLI) is address information which is passed across the network to providesupplementary services such as calling (or connected) line identification presentation. The format of the CLI and COLIfor international calls should be the full international number, i.e. Country Code (CC), National Destination Code (NDC)and Subscriber Number (SN). No other information, such as prefixes or symbols (e.g. "+"), should be included, althougha sub-address may be associated with the CLI/COLI. However, in a country where network-specific numbers are utilizedfor identifying customers or network services it remains a national matter. When implemented, the NPI (Numbering PlanIdentifier) TON (Type of Number) mechanism should define the numbering status of the calling/connected line. Theauthorization to pass CLI/COLI across an international boundary is a national matter.
ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS SERIES
Means of expression: definitions, symbols, classification Overall network operation, telephone service, service operation and human
Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks Transmission of television, sound programme and other multimedia signals Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outsideplant TMN and network maintenance: international transmission systems, telephonecircuits, telegraphy, facsimile and leased circuits Maintenance: international sound programme and television transmission circuits Telephone transmission quality, telephone installations, local line networks Data communication over the telephone network Data networks and open system communication
Source: http://www.anrceti.md/files/filefield/Rec.E.164_0.pdf
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Twitter is spending big to retain its top talent
by Franklin Simmons March 10, 2016, 12:27 pm 97 Views
As Twitter experiences stagnant growth and falling stock prices, the company is continuing to spend big in order to retain its top talent, the Wall Street Journal reports.
Top employees are being offered varying amounts of restricted stock based on their start date and contributions to the social network. That stock is Twitter's attempt to make up for the loss of value its shares have experienced since the company went public.
The company has also been offering cash bonuses to some employees ranging from $50,000 to $200,000 as an incentive to keep them around for another six months to a year, the Journal reported on Wednesday.
"Competitive compensation, strong leadership, and a confidence in the direction of the company are all key elements to having top talent," a Twitter spokeswoman said in an e-mail.
"We are investing in all three areas to ensure we maintain these employees." she said.
Four top executives left Twitter in January, it's biggest leadership change since Jack Dorsey assumed the CEO role in late 2015.
Dorsey said in October he is giving a third of his stock in the company, or about 1%, to the employee equity pool.
Dorsey said the company must focus "hiring and investing in talent" and the need for "bold rethinking."
BonusesEmployee BonusestwitterTwitter Bonuses
Written by Franklin Simmons
Franklin Simmons is BusinessPundit's Tech Editor. His life is consumed with a love of augmented reality, mobility, and emerging technology. He extensively covers all areas of technology, including the computing, automotive, and healthcare sectors.
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How well do the fashion and beauty industries represent minority groups?
Tiyanna Mistry shows that, despite some positive efforts towards inclusion, the fashion and beauty industries still have a long way to go.
Tiyanna Mistry
In recent years, the fashion and beauty industries have had an evolution of consciousness; there has been a significant rise in sustainability with brands like H&M shifting to an H&M Conscious Range, and cruelty-free brands like Lush gaining popularity. Yet one aspect of this consciousness remains to be seen: the industries' relationship with diversity and representation of minority groups.
The fight for diversity and adequate representation in the fashion and beauty industries has been a long and tedious battle. There has been a long-standing problem of accurately and adequately representing minority groups that many fashion and beauty brands have yet to achieve.
However, in the past few years, many fashion and beauty companies have faced immense pressure from consumers to diversify their businesses and become more inclusive, and some of this pressure has evidently paid off.
The Vogue cover sparked a large amount of controversy but, equally, it prompted admiration and praise from various minority groups in society that often go underrepresented
Instagram: @voguemagazine
For instance, the recent Harry Styles Vogue cover. The cover, released in early November this year, demonstrated how men can be on the front cover of large magazines like Vogue and wear dresses. The Vogue cover sparked a large amount of controversy but, equally, it prompted admiration and praise from various minority groups in society that often go underrepresented. The cover is an example that fashion is finally moving forward, especially as it was the first solo male US Vogue cover in 127 years. It not only shows that clothes are for all people regardless of gender, but it also breaks down barriers in toxic masculinity.
Rihanna had recognised the void within the beauty industry and filled it. The best thing of all is she didn't just do this for the beauty industry, she also did it for the fashion industry
The beauty industry has also drastically improved in recent years, with the rise of more brands catering to women of all shades. Fenty Beauty by Rihanna initially came out with 40 different shades of foundation, which has now increased to a whopping 50! Fenty Beauty was created by Rihanna with the 'promise of all inclusion for all women'. Rihanna had recognised the void within the beauty industry and filled it. The best thing of all is she didn't just do this for the beauty industry, she also did it for the fashion industry. Her clothing and lingerie line Savage X Fenty has garnered a large amount of praise both on social media and off, and rightly so. The lingerie line once again has an inclusivity ethos that is embedded into the business.
Instagram: @fentybeauty
During and after the recent Savage X Fenty show in October, Rihanna was met with praise due to the diversity of models – the show featured models of all body shapes, ethnicities, and ages. This is essential in the modern world we are living in to allow for the representation of every group in society.
Rihanna's fashion and beauty lines prove that inclusivity and adequate representation of minority groups can flourish. Brands like Victoria's Secret could learn something from our girl RiRi. Many other brands are also trying by taking steps to develop their clothing lines to show that one size does not fit all.
As much as diversity is needed and welcomed, industries need to ensure that they are staying away from surface-level topics and tokenism
But is this enough? The question is, will big-name brands continue to maintain this momentum for diversity in the industry? Can we trust them be consistent in their approach to be inclusive? These industries need to learn to be consistent in representing minority groups. As much as diversity is needed and welcomed, industries need to ensure that they are staying away from surface-level topics and tokenism.
The strides made in the fashion and beauty industries recently have been widely welcomed, yet there is still much more that needs to be done. The industries' leadership remains at the hands of a select few individuals. So, does it fall into our hands to advocate for increased representation of minority groups in the fashion and beauty industries?
Featured Image: @voguemagazine on Instagram
AUTHOR: Tiyanna Mistry
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Inherent Resolve commander: Strikes, indigenous forces grind down ISIL
By Cheryl Pellerin, DoD News
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U.S. Army Lt. Gen. Sean MacFarland greets U.S. Defense Secretary Ash Carter and his wife, Stephanie, during a recent trip to Baghdad. (DoD photo by Army Sgt. 1st Class Clydell Kinchen)
Feb. 1, 2016 —
WASHINGTON, (Feb. 1, 2016) — Airstrikes in Syria and Iraq are wearing down the forces of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, the commander of Combined Joint Task Force Operation Inherent Resolve said today while describing the coalition air campaign and the evolving train-and-assist mission.
Army Lt. Gen. Sean MacFarland briefed Pentagon reporters here via a live video feed from Baghdad on the progress of continuing efforts in Iraq and Syria to help local troops win against ISIL.
The task force is the operational-level headquarters charged with synchronizing combat operations and supporting coalition efforts against ISIL in Iraq and Syria.
MacFarland said the coalition conducted its first airstrike in Iraq in August 2014 and its first in Syria a month later. Since then, the coalition has conducted more than 10,000 strikes -- two-thirds in Iraq and a third in Syria.
Grinding Down the Enemy
"The cumulative impact of our airstrikes has ground the enemy down. When applied in support of our partners," the general said, "we've forced the enemy to give up terrain."
Since ISIL's May 2015 seizure of Ramadi, Iraq, Iraqi forces -- supported by the volunteer "popular mobilization forces" -- ejected ISIL from Beiji and the nearby oil refinery, he added. Then, more recently, Iraqi forces, with Sunni tribal forces fighting alongside, recaptured Ramadi -- which MacFarland called "symbolically and operationally important."
"Make no mistake, the recapture of Ramadi was a turning point in this campaign," he said.
ISIL suffered devastating losses, and the ISF proved itself capable of defeating them, even when ISIL had the advantage of prepared defense in an urban area, the general added.
Rebuilding a Force
Coalition forces have trained more than 17,500 Iraqi soldiers and about 2,000 police since training began slightly more than a year ago, he said. And more than 3,000 soldiers and police are in coalition training sites, MacFarland noted.
"The Iraqi security forces have been rebuilt into a force capable of defeating the type of enemy we are now facing," he added.
The coalition has been flexible enough to modify training and equipping along the way, the general said, so they're providing the most needed skills and gear.
In particular, he said, "we have shifted from a pure counterinsurgency focus and are now preparing the ISF to conduct what we refer to as combined arms operations."
'Dramatic Gains'
The ability to integrate infantry, armor, artillery, air power, engineers and other assets on the battlefield gives the Iraqis an advantage over a static enemy dug in behind complex obstacle belts, MacFarland said.
Iraqi forces proved the value of modified training and equipping during the liberation of Ramadi, he added, "and we've learned some important lessons from that battle and are already adjusting our approach as a result."
In Syria, partnered with multiple groups willing to fight ISIL, the coalition also has seen progress, the general said.
"The Syrian Democratic Forces have made dramatic gains against the enemy in northern and eastern Syria, while the vetted Syrian opposition and other groups are holding the enemy back along what we call the Mara line in northwest Syria," he said.
Effective Syrian Force
"It's very complex, very complicated up there," MacFarland said. "Many people would like to lay claim to that area, and we're trying to come up with the right approach to block the enemies' access to that important corridor."
The Syrian Democratic Forces, which include Syrian Kurds, Syrian Arabs and others, have been an effective force in northern Syria and have put the enemy on its "back foot," the general said.
"They would not have been able to do any of that without coalition air support. They know that … They owe their existence really to the support that we are providing," MacFarland said. "And that's why they continue to work with us. And so far as I can tell, they have not turned away from us toward the Russians," MacFarland said.
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Q: Highlight Multiple Input ID's on javascript validation using javascript validation and some jquery to show variable error messages in the DOM, and highlighting both the form label and field.
For this particular error message, I need to highlight 2 fields (email1 and email2).
Unsure how to add it to my current setup for alerts below:
customAlert ("email2",bnadd_msg_022);

simple question, how to I add email1 into the mix?
Edit:
Here is my jquery function:
function customAlert(inputID,msg){

      $("li").removeClass("alertRed");
      $("input").removeClass("CO_form_alert");
      $("select").removeClass("CO_form_alert");
      var div = $(".errorPopup");
      div.css({"display":"block"});
      $("#"+inputID).addClass("CO_form_alert").parent().addClass("alertRed");
      if (div.length == 0) {
        div = $("

");
        $("body").prepend(div);
      }
      div.html(msg);
      $("#"+inputID).focus(function(){
        $(this).unbind('focus'); // remove this handler
        $('.errorPopup').hide(); // hide error popup
   });

So, In this case and on one other, I need to highlight 2 fields simultaneously

A: I'd make use of the arguments 'array' in Javascript, and simply define customAlert as a function with no arguments.
function customAlert(){
    var args = arguments;
    if(args.length > 1) {
        // check that custom alert was called with at least two arguments
        var msg = args[0];
        $("li").removeClass("alertRed");
        $("input").removeClass("CO_form_alert");
        $("select").removeClass("CO_form_alert");
        var div = $(".errorPopup");
        div.css({"display":"block"});
        if (div.length == 0) {
            div = $("

");
            $("body").prepend(div);
        }
        div.html(msg);
        for(var i = 1; i < args.length; i++) {
            var inputID = args[i];
           $("#"+inputID).addClass("CO_form_alert").parent().addClass("alertRed");
            $("#"+inputID).focus(function(){
                $(this).unbind('focus'); // remove this handler
                $('.errorPopup').hide(); // hide error popup
            });
        }
     }
}

Then you call it like so:
customAlert(bnadd_msg_022,"email2"); // note the order of the arguments has changed
customAlert(bnadd_msg_022,"email1","email2");

A: Without seeing the code, my guess is that you could change the customAlert function to take an optional third argument.
The way I would do it is make that third argument an array that can accept n number of field id's. In the customAlert function, I would check to see if the argument is passed, and if so loop through the array and highlight any id that is included therein.

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Aitmatov's Jamila: An Analysis Louis Aragon's translation of Jamila into French in made Aitmatov well-known . The Art of Chingiz Aitmatov's Stories. Read "Jamila Dedicated to the 60th Anniversary of the Author's Literary Legacy" by Chingiz Aitmatov with Rakuten Kobo. It is a very romantic love story of Kirghiz . In the s, young Kirghiz boy falls hopelessly for Jamilla, but their love has no future. Writers: Chingiz Aitmatov (novel), Christopher McGee | 1 more credit».
I did not immediately recognise Jamila. But if a person is like Daniyar and keeps to himself, taking no part in the everyday affairs of the village, then people will either ignore him or say condescendingly: Get on the trap and arrange the sacks!
There was one star: Books Chingiz Aitmatov Kyrgyzstan Movies. She suddenly looked tired and said, sighing deeply: Before even opening the letter, I knew exactly what Sadyk had written, since his letters were as alike as lambs in a flock.
Please review your cart. The lean stallions whinnied loudly, the mares were drifting away and it would be difficult to keep them in herds till the spring. Support it from behind!
His duty to the spirits of his ancestors compelled him to do this, for he was jamils deceased man's closest relative. Facebook Instagram Twitter Pinterest.
Unknown February 20, Language: She kept looking about, at times she would smile in a touching, self-conscious way. But when I looked at him a moment later I did not recognise him: When we had emptied our sacks and turned back, we would see Daniyar coming up.
Each time he looked at her as if he were seeing her for the first time, Jamila continued to ignore him. Everyone rose to meet the challenge: Jamila flew into the river to the merry laughter of the djigits.
Daniyar finds it hard to be accepted by other men in the village and many views his sullenness with suspicion. Amazon Renewed Refurbished products with a warranty.
If only I had the paints to capture the morning sun, the blue-white mountains, the dew-drenched lucerne, and the lonely sunflower growing at the edge of the ditch. When I drove the wagon up to her, she swung her pitchfork into a stack, lifted it and carried it ahead of her, hiding her face in order to prevent me from speaking of the terrible hurt she was concealing.
I often noticed that the young djigits, and especially men back from the fighting lines, were much taken by her. This Central Asia-related article is a stub. During the war years there were very few men left in the village. As I ran, I took note of everything that was going on around me.
She took a firm hold of the bridles, led the zitmatov to the trap and began hitching them up. Daniyar's songs prove the spark that fuels Jamila's love and finally leads to her flight with him from the society that will not accept what she will not deny, her love for a man other than her husband.
She lived according to her own set of rules and was never untrue to them. Daniyar was a newcomer to our village.
He stood beside the trap. No respect and no modesty!
But I could not utter a sound. The unsteady, formless sun shimmered in the salty white mist. As I listened I became more and more amazed: Amazon Inspire Aitmarov Educational Resources.


text:
A Miénk a világ (eredeti cím: We Are Your Friends) 2015-ben bemutatott amerikai zenés-dráma, melyet a Max Joseph rendezett (debütálás) és Joseph, illetve Meaghan Oppenheimer írt, Richard Silverman története alapján. A főszerepet Zac Efron, Emily Ratajkowski és Wes Bentley alakítják.

Az Amerikai Egyesült Államokban 2015. augusztus 28-án mutatta be a Warner Bros., míg Magyarországon egy héttel később magyar szinkronnal, szeptember 3-án volt látható Freeman Film forgalmazásában.

A projekt általánosságban vegyes kritikákat kapott a kritikusoktól. A Metacritic oldalán a film értékelése 46% a 100-ból, ami 32 véleményen alapul. A Rotten Tomatoeson a Miénk a világ 40%-os minősítést kapott, 121 értékelés alapján.

A forgatás 2014. augusztus 14-én kezdődött San Fernando Valley-ben.

 A film középpontjában három fiatal DJ, akik be akarnak lépni a zenei nagy világ híresei közé. Cole (Efron) hamarosan megismerkedik egy híres DJ-vel és asszisztensével, akikkel feljebb jut a laptop DJ-k porondján. Hamarosan elveszíti egyik legjobb barátját, aki túlzott drogfogyasztás miatt meghal, ekkor megváltozik az élete és csak egy valami számít neki; hogy kitörjön a középszerűségből.

Cselekmény

Cole (Zac Efron), a 23 éves, feltörekvő DJ küzd azért, hogy bekerüljön a hollywoodi elektronikus zenei életbe. Mivel arról álmodik, hogy nagy lemezlovas lesz, éjszakáit azzal tölti, hogy egy olyan számon dolgozzon, amely bemutathatja őt a világnak.

Minden megváltozik, amikor egy idősebb DJ, James (Wes Bentley) elkezdi mentorálni őt. Cole váratlanul kapcsolatba kerül James barátnőjével (Emily Ratajkowski), ami káoszba dönti a világát. Ezután Cole kénytelen nehéz döntéseket hozni a szerelemről, a hűségről és a jövőjéről.

Szereplők
(A szereposztás mellett a magyar hangok feltüntetve)

 Zac Efron – Cole Carter – Markovics Tamás
 Emily Ratajkowski – Sophie – Bogdányi Titanilla
 Shiloh Fernandez – Ollie – Előd Álmos
 Alex Shaffer – Squirrel – Szalay Csongor
 Jonny Weston – Dustin Mason – Baráth István
 Wes Bentley – James Reed – Varga Gábor
 Jon Bernthal – Paige Morrell – Sarádi Zsolt
 Brittany Furlan – Sara – Lamboni Anna
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text:
Marco Rubio "excited" about comparisons to Ted Cruz
By Andrew Messamore on August 2, 2012 at 2:44 PM
Ted Cruz is drawing a lot of comparisons to Tea Party darling Marco Rubio these days (R- Fl.), and today Rubio told Fox News Radio's Kilmeade & Friends show that he was "excited about it".
Since capturing the GOP nomination in Texas for U.S. senator, Cruz has risen to national prominence in a way that hasn't been seen since Governor Rick Perry stole the spotlight last year in his failed bid for the presidency. Many have compared Cruz to Rubio, who shares the articulate, camera-friendly and rooted Hispanic presence sought by the Republican Party.
Some point out that Dewhurst and Cruz shared many policy positions during the race, despite earlier differences, and suggest that Cruz's victory was another instance of Texans voicing their distrust of entrenched incumbents.
Asked by Fox News Radio Host Brian Kilmeade if he was threatened by Cruz, Rubio said "it was an honor if people say he's the next Marco Rubio, but in fact he's the next Cruz."
"No, I am excited about it. Well, first of all, I'm excited about it. I think it's an honor if people would say he's the next Marco Rubio, but, in fact, he's the next Cruz. I mean, he's his own man and he's exciting in and of himself, he has a great story to tell, he's a real knowledgeable and real accomplished guy. He's very articulate, very inspirational when he speaks. He's got a lot of people excited. I wish we had more people like that running this cycle and if we could get a few more in the Senate we could really change some things in Washington. So, obviously, he's got to get through the general election, and I'm confident he will and I'm excited about what it's going to mean to have him, Rich Mourdock and some other folks around the country coming up and joining us"
You can hear the exchange between Kilmeade and Rubio in the link below:
http://radio.foxnews.com/2012/08/02/brian-and-senmarcorubio/
Andrew Messamore


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