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Burden of measles in Nigeria: a five-year review of case-based surveillance data, 2012-2016
Baffa Sule Ibrahim, Rabi Usman, Yahaya Mohammed, Zainab Datti Ahmed, Oyeladun Okunromade, Aisha Ahmed Abubakar, Patrick Mboya Nguku
The Pan African Medical Journal. 2019;32 (Supp 1):5. doi:10.11604/pamj.supp.2019.32.1.13564
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"Better health through knowledge sharing and information dissemination "
Supplement article
Cite this: The Pan African Medical Journal. 2019;32 (Supp 1):5. doi:10.11604/pamj.supp.2019.32.1.13564
Received: 09/08/2017 - Accepted: 04/12/2018 - Published: 22/01/2019
Key words: Disease outbreak, measles, Nigeria, vaccination
© Baffa Sule Ibrahim et al. The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Available online at: http://www.panafrican-med-journal.com/content/series/32/1/5/full
Corresponding author: Baffa Sule Ibrahim, Center for International Health, Education and Biosecurity, University of Maryland Baltimore (CIHEB-UMB), Maryland (baffasule@gmail.com)
This article is published as part of the supplement "Sharing Experiences from the Field : Updates from the Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program" sponsored by Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program
Guest editors: Patrick Mboya Nguku, African Field Epidemiology Network 50 Haile Selassie Asokoro Abuja, Nigeria
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Baffa Sule Ibrahim1,2,&, Rabi Usman2, Yahaya Mohammed2,3, Zainab Datti4, Oyeladun Okunromade2, Aisha Ahmed Abubakar5, Patrick Mboya Nguku2
1Center for International Health, Education and Biosecurity, University of Maryland Baltimore (CIHEB-UMB), Maryland, 2Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Abuja, Nigeria, 3Department of Medical Microbiology, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria, 4Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria, 5Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
&Corresponding author
Baffa Sule Ibrahim, Center for International Health, Education and Biosecurity, University of Maryland Baltimore (CIHEB-UMB), Maryland
Introduction: measles is a vaccine preventable, highly transmissible viral infection that affects mostly children under five years. We reviewed surveillance data on measles from Nigeria over a five-year period to highlights its burden and make recommendations for improvements.
Methods: we conducted a secondary data analysis of measles specific Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) records of all states in Nigeria over a five-year period.
Results: a total of 131,732 cases were recorded between January 2012 and September 2016. Most cases 57,892 (43.95%) were recorded in 2013 while the least 11,061 (8.4%) were recorded in 2012. A total of 817 deaths were recorded, with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 0.62%. The highest CFR (1.43%) was recorded in 2012 while the least CFR (0.44%) was recorded in 2016. Only 8,916 (6.7%) cases were confirmed by laboratory tests. The trend of measles cases followed the same pattern throughout the years under review, with cases peaking at March, then gradually reducing to lowest level at June, which was maintained throughout the rest of the year. States in northern region of Nigeria recorded the highest attack rate (Yobe: 480.29 cases per 100,000 population, Sokoto: 284.63 cases per 100,000 population and Katsina: 246.07 cases per 100,000 population) compared to States in the southern region (Rivers: 11.72 cases per 100,000 population and Akwa Ibom: 13.59 cases per 100,000 population). Conversely, States in the southern region recorded the highest CFR (Ebonyi: 13.43% and Rivers: 3.27%).
Conclusion: measles infection remains a burden especially in the northern region of Nigeria. Although measles fatalities declined over the years, laboratory confirmation was sub-optimal. We recommended improvement on routine immunization and strengthening of regional laboratories diagnostic capacities, for successful eradication of measles from Nigeria.
Measles is a highly contagious viral disease caused by Morbillivirus; a member of the Paramyxovirus family, which is transmitted to a susceptible individual through aerosol or by direct contact [1]. The virus infects the mucous membranes of an exposed individual and then spreads to other parts of the body. Measles is known to infect only humans with no known animal reservoir [1, 2]. Measles has an incubation period of about 10 days (with a range of 7 to 18 days). It is characterized by prodromal fever, conjunctivitis, coryza, cough and presence of Koplik spots [3]. The mortality rate for measles infection in children is usually 0.2%, but may be up to 10% in malnourished children [1, 4]. In cases with complications, the mortality rate may rise to 20-30% [5].
Measles affects up to 20 million people a year worldwide, most of these infections are seen in the developing areas of Africa and Asia [1, 6]. Among the childhood vaccine-preventable diseases, measles causes the most deaths in children [7]. Globally, measles mortality fell 60% from an estimated 873,000 deaths in 1999 to 345,000 in 2005 [7]. Estimates for 2008 indicate deaths fell further to 164,000, with 77% of the remaining measles deaths in 2008 occurring within the Southeast Asian region [1, 8]. In 2014, measles infection resulted in about 73,000 deaths [9, 10]. Most measles morbidity and mortality were seen in under-five children [1]. As a result of widespread vaccination, the disease was eliminated from the Americas by 2016 [11]. The burden of morbidity and mortality of measles is thus reducing across the developed world. In 2013-14, there were almost 10,000 cases in 30 European countries. Most cases occurred in unvaccinated individuals [12].
In Africa, measles remains a leading cause of death and disability in most countries [13]. Early community-based studies have revealed measles case-fatality rates of 3%-34%, which is about 10-20 times those in industrialized countries [14]. In 2015, the World Health Organization estimated that of the 134,200 measles deaths recorded, majority were in sub-Saharan Africa [15]. High case-fatality rates in African and other developing countries are due to a young age at infection, poor shelter and overcrowding, underlying immune deficiency disorders due to malnutrition, vitamin A deficiency and lack of access to medical care. Before the introduction of measles vaccines, one-third of children in many African countries were infected in the first and second years of life and most children were infected before they reach 5 years of age [16]. In Africa, about 125 million preschool-aged children have vitamin A deficiency, placing them at high risk of death, severe infection, or blindness as a result of measles [17]. Mortality from measles increases during times of war or famine. In Ethiopia in 2000, measles was responsible for 22% of deaths in children less than five years of age and 17% of deaths in children aged 5-14 years [18].
Measles is an endemic disease in Nigeria, with recurrent outbreaks occurring at irregular intervals. Measles transmission in Nigeria occurs through all months of the year, but peaks in the dry season (February, March and April) [3]. Measles transmission also sometimes occurs immediately after the end of the rainy season and often reaches epidemic proportions in the dry season. Nigeria is one of only ten countries in the world with measles vaccine coverage of less than 50% [19, 20].
Nigeria is among the 45 countries that account for 94% of the deaths due to measles worldwide [1, 21]. There are few literature in Nigeria on the population-based prevalence of measles. However, some studies from tertiary hospitals showed the proportion of measles from pediatric admissions stands at between 1.3-5.1% [22, 23]. Furthermore, the reported CFRs for measles in Nigeria showed regional variations ranging from 1.9% to 12.4% [22, 23]. A study conducted in a secondary health center, in Southern Nigerian, observed that measles accounted for 3.1% of all pediatric admissions in the hospital; this figure is higher than the 2.3% reported in 1998 at a tertiary health center in the same city [24]. We conducted this study to epidemiologically describe measles infection in Nigeria and highlight the burden of the disease in the country, identify gaps and make recommendation for improvements on surveillance and control.
Study setting
Nigeria, with current estimated human population of about 180 million [25], is the most populous country in Africa and the seventh most populous country in the world. The country is located in west Africa [26]. Nigeria has 36 states and a Federal Capital Territory (FCT) with 774 Local Government Areas (LGAs), categorized into six geo-political zones (North-West, North-East, North-Central, South-West, South-East and South-South). Nigeria has more than 500 ethnic groups with Hausa, Yoruba and Igbo being the dominant ones. The rainy season in Nigeria starts between March and May and ends between September or November, depending on the regions. The dry season starts between October and December, and ends between April in some parts and may extend to May or June in other areas. Measles transmission in Nigeria occurs through all months of the year, but peaks in the dry season (February, March and April) [3].
A retrospective secondary data analysis of measles specific Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) records.
We reviewed all reported measles cases (both suspected and confirmed) in the IDSR for the period of 2012 to 2016. IDSR weekly epidemiological data for the years under review was obtained from Surveillance Unit, Nigerian Center for Disease Control. The document contains recorded measles cases from the 36 States (plus the FCT) of Nigeria.
Measles surveillance in Nigeria
Measles surveillance in Nigeria is through the IDSR platform. The IDSR is a national disease reporting platform, covering priority diseases from all health facilities across the country. Information flows from the health facilities, through the ward focal persons to the local government areas (LGA) disease surveillance and notification officers (DSNOs), to the States DSNOs and then to the Federal Ministry of Health. Feedback goes through the opposite direction. The IDSR collects information on disease cases and deaths, facility location and laboratory outcomes.
Measles case definitions
Suspected case: any person with fever and maculopapular (non-vesicular) generalized rash and cough, coryza or conjunctivitis (red eyes) or any person in whom a clinician suspects measles.
Laboratory confirmed case: a suspected case with laboratory confirmation (positive serum IgM antibody for measles).
Epidemiologically-linked or epidemiologically confirmed case is a suspected case, which has contact with a laboratory confirmed case.
Clinically confirmed: a case that meets the clinical case definition and for which no adequate blood specimen was taken [27].
Discarded case: a suspected case that does not meet the clinical or laboratory definitions [27].
Laboratory investigations
Venous blood samples of suspected measles cases were usually confirmed at reference laboratories located in Kaduna and Lagos States, using serological test for serum immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies specific for measles. These samples are usually pooled and transported to these references laboratories.
We sorted, extracted and cleaned relevant variables from the IDSR line list, these included number of cases, number of deaths, location and laboratory results. We did Univariate analysis, which included frequencies and proportions, using Microsoft excel 2016 and Health-Mapper.
We obtained approval from the Public Health Department of the Federal Ministry of Health, before we collected the IDSR data set. Ethical clearance was also obtained from the ethical committee of the Federal Ministry of Health.
A total of 131,732 cases of measles were reported between January 2012 and September 2016. Highest number of cases 57,892 (43.95%) were reported in 2013, followed by 2015 with 24,421 (18.54%) reported cases. The least number of measles cases 11,061 (8.4%) were reported in 2012. Katsina State recorded the highest number of cases 18,056 (13.7%) over the 5-year period, followed by Yobe and Sokoto States with 14,683 (11.1%) and 13,330 (10.1%) respectively. Kwara State recorded the least number cases 375 (0.3%) over the same period. A total of 817 reported measles deaths were recorded within the same period, which gives a case fatality rate (CFR) of 0.62%. Highest CFR (1.43%) was recorded in 2012, followed by 2013 with (0.6%). The least CFR (0.44%) was recorded in 2016 (Table 1).
The North-west region recorded the highest measles attack rate (AR) 149.73 cases per 100,000 population within this period, while the South-south geopolitical region had the least AR with 15.81 cases per 100,000 population. The CFR per regions of Nigeria showed the North-central region having the highest with 4.38%, while the South-west region recorded the least CFR with 0.17% (Table 2).
Measles attack rates were higher in the northern States of Nigeria, with Katsina, Sokoto and Yobe, recording more than 200 cases per 100,000 population. While Kebbi and Bauchi recorded between 150 - 199 cases per 100,000 population. Most States in the southern regions recorded low attack rates for measles during the same period, with only Ekiti State recording between 50-99 cases per 100,000 population (Figure 1). Conversely, the measles CFR per States showed a different picture. Though more States from the northern region had higher CFR, two states from the southern region (Ebonyi and Rivers States) recorded the highest CFR (above 4.99%). Also, Katsina, Kaduna, Bauchi and Gombe States, all from the northern region, recorded CFR of less than 0.25% (Figure 2).
The trend of measles cases followed the same pattern throughout the whole five years. Measles cases rose from February each year, reached a peak in March, then gradually reduced to the lowest level in June, which was maintained throughout the year. The year 2013 had the highest number of cases for each month, except for August, October, November and December, when it had comparatively lower number of cases than the other years (Figure 3). Measles cases were reported throughout the whole five-year period with no break in reporting, following similar patterns. Each year (from 2012 to 2016) showed a peak number of reported cases in March (Figure 4).
Of the 131,732 cases recorded within the study period, only 8,916 (6.7%) were confirmed by laboratory test, while 68,756 (52.2%) were confirmed by both clinical and epidemiological linkage. The highest proportion of laboratory confirmed cases (12.1%) was in 2012, followed by 2013 (6.7%), while the least was in 2015 with 5.7% of cases confirmed by laboratory tests (Table 3).
We conducted this study to epidemiologically describe measles infection in Nigeria and highlight the burden of the disease in the country. Our study found a high burden of measles especially in the northern part of Nigeria. The high number of measles cases recorded over the five-year period in this study is worrisome when we take into account the availability of free and effective measles vaccines in the country, which is periodically given to children during routine and supplemental immunization activities [28]. This finding is also not in tune with measles control, because the ultimate global goal now is to eradicate measles. However, the earliest stage in measles eradication is measles control which involves reduction in mortality and morbidity. Following measles control is the elimination stage. Many African countries including Nigeria are at the measles control stage [1].
Measles attack rates in Nigeria from this study showed to be more in the northern regions, with several States from these regions severely affected than the southern States. These findings are in tune with findings from several studies that have opined measles infection to be concentrated in the northern region of Nigeria [3, 22, 24]. But, this study found measles CFR to be more in some southern States which contradicts findings from similar studies that found measles CFR to be consistently higher in the northern regions of Nigeria [22, 24]. This may be related to the relative higher number of SIAs in the northern region and improve measles case management due to an enhanced political commitment by most States government from the northern parts of Nigeria [29, 30].
The five-year CFR (0.6%) found in this study was lower than the CFR range of 3-5% been reported for developing countries globally [1, 31]. The reason for this may be related to the persistent yearly national measles immunization campaigns and improved measles surveillance in Nigeria. Also, the trend of CFR over the five-year period was decreasing, which was in tune with current trend of measles mortality reduction in Africa and across the globe [1]. This might have been due to improved surveillance, early case presentation and improved case management [32]. Our study revealed peak number of measles cases in first quarter of the year with no break in reporting for the five-year period in keeping with measles epidemiology. Similar patterns have been reported in the country and the WHO Africa region [1]. Only 6.7% of all reported measles cases were confirmed by laboratory diagnosis. This reflects that laboratory confirmation of measles is still very low in the country where all suspected measles cases are expected to be confirmed by laboratory testing.
Dataset was obtained without age and gender segregations, these have affected detailed description of the measles burden in Nigeria.
The trend of measles in Nigeria over the 5-year period tends to be declining, but the burden still remains relatively high. Measles remains a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity in Nigeria especially in the northern part of the country. Though measles case fatality has been on the decline over the years in review, laboratory confirmation of cases has been dismally low. Case-based surveillance provided an insight into understanding the epidemiology of measles infection in Nigeria.
Recommendations: 1) we recommended improvement on enhanced measles surveillance and routine immunization especially in the northern regions of Nigeria; 2) There is a need to work out alternate strategies for control of measles such as introducing a two-dose schedule to halt the endemic transmission (which has been adopted in some developing countries); 3) Improved measles case management across all regions; 4) Encourage blood sample collection and testing, strengthening and upgrading of States and regional laboratories to be able to perform confirmatory testing for measles, if the goal towards measles elimination is to be achieved.
What is known about this topic
Measles infection, despite being a vaccine preventable disease has continued to spread in most African countries, with devastating effects on mostly under 5-year children;
The burden of measles in Nigeria has shown to be persistently higher in the northern region of the country.
Though mortality for measles in Nigeria was shown to be decreasing in trend over the study period, the burden has remained high over the study period;
States in the southern region of Nigeria recorded highest measles mortality cases over the study period.
All listed authors have contributed significantly to this study and their contributions are as follows: Baffa Sule Ibrahim (Resident Nigerian FELTP and Public Health Specialist at Center for International Health, Education and Biosecurity, University of Maryland Baltimore) did the concept and study design, literature search, data review and analysis and drafting of the manuscript. While, Zainab Datti Ahmed (Consultant Obstetrician and Senior lecturer, BUK) and Yahaya Mohammed (Resident, Nigerian FELTP and Lecturer Usman Danfodio University Sokoto), Rabi Usman (Resident, Nigerian FELTP), Oyeladun Okunromade (Resident, Nigerian NFELTP) all substantially contributed to the conception, design of the study, data acquisition, data analysis and interpretation. While, Aisha Ahmed Abubakar (Senior Lecturer at Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria) and Patrick Nguku (Resident Advisor, Nigerian FELTP) both revised the final draft critically for important intellectual content and gave approval of the version of the manuscript to be published. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Authors gratefully acknowledge Nigeria Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program and all staff of the Nigeria Center for Disease Control (NCDC) for their support.
Table 1: yearly distribution of number of cases, number of deaths and case fatality rates for measles cases in Nigeria from January 2012 to September 2016
Table 2: regional distribution of number of cases, number of deaths, attack rates and case fatality rates for measles cases in Nigeria from January 2012 to September 2016
Table 3: yearly distribution of confirmed and laboratory confirmed measles cases in Nigeria from January 2012 to September 2016
Figure 1: map of Nigeria showing measles attack rate per 100,000 population across the States, 2012 - 2016
Figure 2: map of Nigeria showing measles case fatality rates (CFR) across the States, 2012 - 2016
Figure 3: comparative yearly trend of measles cases in Nigeria from 2012 to 2016
Figure 4: epidemic curve showing monthly occurrence of measles cases over a six-year period, from January 2012 to September 2016
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Three teen neo-Nazis set off a scare at East Hampton HS yesterday when word got out that they were planning to attack minority fellow students.
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Hans Eklind (born 1966) is a Swedish politician.  he serves as Member of the Riksdag from the Christian Democrats representing the constituency of Örebro County.

He was also elected as Member of the Riksdag in September 2022.

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SBA.gov » About SBA » SBA Newsroom » Press Releases & Media Advisories » SCORE Leader and Mentor Receives SBA Recognition
SCORE Leader and Mentor Receives SBA Recognition
Harry Miller chosen for his commitment to small business
22.1.MN
MINNEAPOLIS – Harry Miller has been chosen by the U.S. Small Business Administration's Minnesota District to receive the office's 2021 Community Impact Award for his dedicated support of small businesses through his extensive volunteer efforts with SCORE Twin Cities.
Harry Miller recently announced he was stepping down as the co-chair of SCORE Twin Cities. During his tenure, he often volunteered more than 40 hours a week to lead a team of 130 volunteers committed to helping emerging and established small businesses in the Minneapolis/St. Paul area. He also worked to improve the organization's outreach to people from various racial and ethnic backgrounds, as well as adoption of technology to get more training into the hands of those who need it.
Celebrating his accomplishments, SBA's Minnesota District Director Brian McDonald shared, "Harry has been a remarkably committed volunteer, community partner and tireless advocate for small businesses in the Metro area. His intense work ethic and organizational skills greatly assisted SCORE with program expansion, new partnership development, and with the merging of the Minneapolis and St. Paul Chapters in 2020."
"His loss in the leadership spot will be felt but he's positioned SCORE Twin Cities for great future success. We're also fortunate that he's going to stick around in a more limited capacity to assist SCORE and the small businesses they serve every day of the year," concluded McDonald.
"Over his years at SCORE, Harry has consistently demonstrated outstanding leadership in representing SCORE with our business partners and in the community," said SCORE's Minnesota Director, Pat Lambert. "He has also demonstrated his leadership in recruiting volunteers and providing training and tools to SCORE clients. He has a great passion to serve the small business communities to help them start and grow their businesses. He truly reflects the values and principles of the SCORE organization."
Started in the Twin Cities, SCORE is a national SBA resource partner. The organization has the nation's largest network of volunteer business mentors harnesses the passion and knowledge of real-world business executives to provide invaluable mentorship in person, via email or over video chat.
The U.S. Small Business Administration makes the American dream of business ownership a reality. As the only go-to resource and voice for small businesses backed by the strength of the federal government, the SBA empowers entrepreneurs and small business owners with the resources and support they need to start and grow their businesses. It delivers services to people through an extensive network of SBA field offices and partnerships with public and private organizations. To learn more, visit http://www.sba.gov/mn.

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Q: How to compare only the time component of DateTime Currently I have a simple piece of code which accepts three 'Joda' DateTime objects and performs logic to check if a datetime lies within a datetime range(see below)
private boolean isDateWithinPeriod(DateTime d1, DateTime startDate, DateTime endDate) {
    if (d1.isAfter(startDate) && d1.isBefore(endDate)) {
        return true;
    }
    else {
        return false;
    }
}

What I would like this method to do, is only consider the times of the DateTime objects so that when it does the range check, it doesnt take into account the date component. This is so that regardless of what day it is, the time is ultimately driving what the return value is.
For example, consider the below parameters:
d1        = 03/07/2015 22:00:00 BST
startDate = 02/07/2015 22:00:00 BST
endDate   = 03/07/2015 17:00:00 BST

If passed into the method, the return value would be false because d1 lies outside the startDate to endDate range. If it was to purely compare by time, the range of 22:00:00 to 17:00:00 should allow the method to return true because the d1 time of 22:00:00 is effectively within the range.
Is there a way I can achieve this?

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TSW 2019
Ahhh…Beautiful San Diego, California. Queue the sunshine, the beaches, pacific coastlines, parks, museums, farmers markets, incredible restaurants, a TSW conference and the Gaslamp District within walking distance from the event.
The fascinating thing about the Gaslamp District is its ability to transform and reinvent itself over and over again. In the 1800's it launched only to then to be called "Rabbitville" in honor of its only inhabitants. An entrepreneur stepped in 1867 and transformed it into a booming downtown near the water. The boom busted and the stores moved to Market Street leaving an unsavory district that was infamously dubbed the Stingaree. The district languished for years; however, it has undergone a full transformation and renaissance to its present-day form. As I whipped around the historic streets on a rented electric scooter (talk about a transformation for one year to the next), I couldn't help but admire not only the historic buildings but also the buzz from all of the people, restaurants, dive bars, theaters, clubs, and people dressed to support their Major League Baseball team. Commerce is once again great in the Gaslamp District.
Why share the history of the district? Well, it felt like one of the trending topics at TSW this year was "transformation". Whether it is digital transformation, organizational transformation, or the general transforming of a weakness into a strength, so many of the presentations and exhibitors were focused on providing some sort of transformational guidance.
As Charles Darwin so accurately intimated, "It is not the strongest of the species that survives, nor the most intelligent that survives. It is the one that is the most adaptable to change." Transformation and change are necessary for survival in the warp speed business landscape that is technology and professional services.
Nearly all of the presentations, from the keynotes to the breakout sessions focused in on transformation. The message was clear. The customer expects, and in truth demands, business outcomes to help them adapt and thrive. We learned about turning data into outcomes, transforming the support that we offer, developing a leadership toolkit, creating a Rockstar CS organization, and improving our offerings to proactively service our customers. Our very own Tim Short, VP of Global Customer Experience, along with Chana Lewis, presented on the need for the services group to embrace selling. This is a relatively new shift that companies must embrace to survive. They also homed in on the need to adapt to the changing needs of organizations.
Interestingly enough, after the presentation, we had a flood of people track us down to share that the presentation hit home. It resonated. Change is inevitable (for survival) but needs to be managed properly.
Back at our exhibitor booth in the packed convention hall, it became readily apparent that attendees were looking for tools to transform their work. Some of our most popular giveaways were stickers that fully resonated with busy the attendees. Some of the more popular stickers were:
"I need a spreadsheet to keep all of my spreadsheets organized."
"Project Manager—I solve problems you don't know you have; in ways you don't understand."
"Profession Services—we do precision guess work based on unreliable data, provided by those with questionable knowledge."
We all recognize that were in the middle of a full-blown transformation. The reality of this situation is that we must adapt to survive. They say that history repeats itself. Just as the Gaslamp district had to adapt, reinvent, embrace change, acknowledge new startup districts, and deal with legacy issues, we too must overcome similar issues within our organizations to become the place "to be". TSW was an awesome opportunity to make new friends, attend fantastic presentations, receive/offer transformation help in the businesses that we run, and enjoy some amazing food in the revitalized and hip Gaslamp District of beautiful San Diego.


Compared to November 2009 manufacturing turnover1 at current prices (according to seasonally adjusted data2) in December 2009 decreased by 0.6%, of which in domestic market - by 5.2% and in exports there was a increase of 5.0%, according to the data of the Central Statistical Bureau.
Most notable turnover reduction was recorded in manufacture of beverages – 19.9% (decrease in domestic market 14.1% and in exports - 36.2%), in manufacture of electrical equipment – 18.3% (decrease in domestic market 0.3%, in exports – 30.1%), in repair and installation of machinery and equipment (repair and maintenance of ships and boats, repair of fabricated metal products, machinery and equipment, installation of industrial machinery and equipment) – 9.3% (decrease in domestic market 14.6%, and growth of 23.2% in exports).
But most significant increase of manufacturing turnover was observed in manufacture of basic metals – 41.6%, in manufacture of other transport equipment – 34.1% and in the manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products – 26.8%.
Compared to December 2008 industrial turnover in manufacturing (according to working day adjusted data) in December 2009 reduced by 16.6%, of which in domestic market – by 28.3% and in exports there was a growth of 4.4%.
Most notable decrease of manufacturing turnover was observed in manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products – 49.2% ( reduction in domestic market 60.4%, in exports – 19.2%), in repair and installation of machinery and equipment (repair and maintenance of ships and boats, repair of fabricated metal products, machinery and equipment, installation of industrial machinery and equipment) – 36.6% (decrease in domestic market 42.8% and in exports there was a growth of 20.2%) and in the manufacture of other transport equipment – 36%.
But most significant rise of manufacturing turnover was recorded in manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations – 38.1%, in manufacture of basic metals – 26.3%, and in manufacture of wood and cork articles, except furniture – 11.8%.
Compared to the 3rd quarter of 2009, manufacturing turnover in the 4th quarter of 2009, according to seasonally adjusted data, increased by 2.8%, of which in exports – by 9.6% and in domestic market there was a reduction of 2.4%.
Compared to the corresponding quarter of previous year, industrial turnover in manufacturing in the 4th quarter of 2009 decreased by 19.5% (according to working day adjusted data), of which in domestic market – by 29.3% and in exports – by 3.9%.
Compared to the corresponding period of previous year,industrial turnover in manufacturing in the January - December 2009 decreased by 27.2% (according to working day adjusted data), of which in domestic market – by 30.7% and in exports – by 21.9%.
Industrial turnover index is calculated at current prices. This is non-weighted index which characterizes monthly market demand development of industrial goods and services.


text:
My Summer With Dorothy Part 7: High Wages
by Administrator | Aug 21, 2018 | Readers & Writers
I was so certain that High Wages was going to be a Cinderella-style story that I'd begun to formulate my review before I was even 100 pages in. 'Who doesn't love a good Cinderella tale?' I was going to say. 'With High Wages Whipple has taken Cinderella and relocated it to a Northern market town in the early twentieth century'. I was certain that 17-year-old shop girl Jane was cast as Cinders, library assistant Wilfred as Buttons, shopkeeper couple Mr & Mrs Chadwick as the evil stepmother, rich-and-kindly Mrs Briggs as the fairy godmother, and, naturally, handsome local solicitor Noel as Prince Charming. There was a pretty-but-impoverished orphan protagonist, an eligible, wealthy bachelor, and even a grand ball; of course it was Cinderella, wasn't it?
Under Dorothy Whipple's intelligent gaze and deft realisation, our WW1-era Cinders is an altogether more three-dimensional creation, and her story so much more complex and compelling than the nursery fable. High Wages is a fairy-tale grown up, and I loved it for trouncing my preconceptions.
First published by John Murray in 1930 (after being rejected by Jonathan Cape, who did not believe it would be a 'commercial success'), High Wages was Whipple's second published work, and went on to become a best seller. It was republished by Persephone Books in 2009.
Unlike Whipple's later books, which are located in a fictitious version of Nottingham, High Wages is set in northern England, in a typical market town (which commentators suggest was probably based on Preston). At the outset of the novel, our heroine, Jane, is a teenage orphan, living with her stepmother and stepsiblings. When an opportunity presents itself to get a live-in position at a local fabric shop, Jane leaps at the chance (it was common in those days for shop girls to live above their work, and bed-and-board were deducted from their meagre wages). Freed from her unloving stepfamily, Jane finds herself in a position of near-penury, tied to the whims of Scrooge-style employers Mr & Mrs Chadwick. This would not have been an unusual position for young working women of the day, who were often underpaid and overworked. For them, the only escape from the situation would have been marriage. But not for Jane: our enterprising young protagonist has more to offer the world than just a pretty face and good taste in clothes.
I don't want to give too much away, so I'll just say the action in High Wages spans about ten years, from pre-WW1 to the mid 1920s, involves fortunes made and lost, forbidden love, heartbreak, and a journey from adolescence to adulthood, all set in the context of parochial Lancashire and the fabric trade (which may seem unlikely settings, but finding engrossing drama in small town life and the middle-classes is what Whipple does best). And, as in Whipple's later novel, Greenbanks, an understated acknowledgement of the current of female emancipation (women first got the vote after WW1, and their involvement in the war effort had already begun to change their role in society) underpins a journey from adolescence to adulthood.
In short – a nuanced subversion of the Cinderella myth in this beautifully described WW1-era coming-of-age tale.


text:
Metropolitan Museum of Art Announces Alexander McQueen Retrospective Attracted 661,509 Visitors
Editor . August 9, 2011	. 0 Comments
The Metropolitan Museum of Art announced that the exhibition Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty, which closed last night at midnight, attracted 661,509 visitors during its run from May 4 to August 7, placing it among the Museum's top 10 most visited exhibitions. Joining other blockbusters on the list such as Treasures of Tutankhamun (1978), Mona Lisa (1963), and Picasso in The Metropolitan Museum of Art (2010), Savage Beauty ranks as the eighth most popular exhibition ever held at the Met in its 141-year history, and is the most visited of the special exhibitions organized by The Costume Institute since it became part of the Museum in 1946.
"We are enormously gratified that visitors turned out in record numbers to view this powerful exhibition of McQueen's work," said Thomas P. Campbell, Director and CEO of The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "The show was an elegant tribute to the designer's artistry, and we are proud to have shared it with such a broad audience, eager to experience the breadth of his genius."
To accommodate the public's keen interest, the Museum extended the exhibition by one week, offered a special viewing hour for Members daily at 8:30 a.m., added late hours through midnight on the last weekend, and implemented $50 ticketed Mondays with McQueen so the public could see the exhibition when the Museum was normally closed. The eight Mondays when the exhibition was open attracted more than 17,000 visitors. During the run of the retrospective, more than 23,000 new Members joined at the Museum—more than double last year's comparable numbers.
The exhibition catalogue has sold well over 100,000 copies to date through the Met's book stores and website, as well as through other outlets, with distribution by Yale University Press. Popular McQueen merchandise in the Met Shops, including armadillo shoe ornaments, crystal skull paperweights, and tartan purses, sold out several times and were repeatedly reordered.
The exhibition could not be extended further because the galleries need to be turned over for the preparation of the exhibition "Wonder of the Age": Master Painters of India, 1100-1900, which will open on September 28.
Alexander McQueen: Savage Beauty is made possible by Alexander McQueen™.
Additional support is provided in partnership with American Express and Condé Nast.
www.metmuseum.org
Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) to Open New Resnick Exhibition Pavilion October 2
Metropolitan Museum of Art to Open Renovated Galleries
Fruitmarket Gallery announce Dieter Roth Diaries
« Kunsthalle Dusseldorf Presents Tomma Abts Exhibition
Chrysler Museum of Art Presents Into the Mainstream Self-Taught Artists from The Garbisch and Gordon Collections »


text:
Q: Kotlin: replace 'cascade if' with 'when' comparing with other variables I'm starting with Kotlin and I'm facing a problem.
I have three constants (let's call them VAL_A, VAL_B and VAL_C) and I'm doing this assignation:
var variable = if (value < VAR_A) {
            valueA
        } else if (value <= VAR_B) {
            valueB
        } else if (value <= VAR_C) {
            valueC
        } else {
            valueD
        }

I want to use a when block instead of the if else, but I don't know how to do the value < VAR_A and the value > VAR_C ones.
Thank you and sorry about my English!

A: If, for example, it's true that 0 < VAR_A < VAR_B < VAR_C, you could do this:
var variable = when (value) {
    in 0..VAR_A -> valueA
    in VAR_A..VAR_B -> valueB
    in VAR_B..VAR_C -> valueC
    else -> valueD
}

But perhaps this is the most legible form of when for this task:
var variable = when {
    value <= VAR_A -> valueA
    value <= VAR_B -> valueB
    value <= VAR_C -> valueC
    else -> valueD
}

A: The ideal syntax you may be looking for is
when (value) {
    < valueA -> valueA
    <= valueB -> valueB
    <= valueC -> valueC
    else -> valueD
}

Unfortunately, this isn't possible because the comparison operators are operator overloads for functions requiring a receiver:
value < valueA

is the same as
value.compareTo(valueA) < 0

Because compareTo is not a keyword like is or in (as used in zsmb13's answer), you would need to create this when block:
when {
    value < valueA -> valueA
    value <= valueB -> valueB
    value <= valueC -> valueC
    else -> valueD
}

Kotlin is full of wonderful things. You could adventure into some alternative solutions that don't use a cascading conditional at all. It looks to me like you want value to round up to the nearest of valueA, valueB, valueC, and valueD. So, for example, an alternative may be:
var variable = listOf(valueA, valueB, valueC, valueD).sorted().first { value <= it }

This will choose the closest value larger than value from the set and assign it to variable.

A: This should be the simplest equivalent of your if expression:
var variable = when {
    value < VAR_A -> valueA
    value <= VAR_B -> valueB
    value <= VAR_C -> valueC
    else -> valueD
}


The vector file ' Mandala a colorier gratuit jolie etoile' is a PDF ( .pdf ) Download file PDF F0000189 .this is the vector files for the CNC machine or Laser machine . You can use this graphic design for commercial with attribution to ameede.com. Please buy a commercial licence for commercial use without attribution.


Landlords and tenants can easily communicate about repairs and property maintenance.
New on Cozy! Landlords and tenants can easily submit and track repairs and maintenance requests in Cozy.
Property maintenance is a necessary part of managing rentals. Whether it's gutters full of leaves, broken toilets, leaky sinks, or dirty furnace filters, property maintenance is one part of a rental business that can't be automated. But that doesn't mean tracking and communicating about those requests has to be difficult.
At Cozy, we build tools to make life easier for our 650,000 customers, and we listen to what they need. Landlords have asked us to help them better manage maintenance requests, and now they can!
Tenants can request repairs quickly and easily in Cozy from any device. And landlords can create requests and update their tenants about the status of repairs.
By tracking maintenance in Cozy, landlords will have a well-documented history for their records, and they can track the expenses for each repair.
Get notified when tenants request maintenance and repairs.
Instead of juggling texts, phone calls, and emails, keep all your requests in one place.
Communicate with every tenant in a household at the same time.
Create an official record of repairs, along with estimates, notes to yourself, pictures, videos, and conversations with tenants.
Submit maintenance requests from any device.
Attach pictures and videos to help your landlord understand what needs to be done.
Include your roommates in every conversation.
Easily follow up on the status of any repair.
Now you can submit maintenance requests through Cozy! This will make it easier for us to communicate about any problems, and I'll be able to quickly respond to your requests.
We're accelerating our mission to provide peace of mind to renters and landlords everywhere.
Three more features and shortcuts you should be using.


text:
Q: R ggplot2: show only shape in legend I'm plotting some data collected in plots in different compartments. Therefore each datapoint has a colour (plot) and a shape (compartment). In the legend I'd like to show the symbols for the compartments in black, but I do not want to show the colour legend.

As I only added scale_shape_manual(values = c(3:8)) and no scale_colour_manual, I'd hoped it wouldn't appear but it does.
I tried some stuff with guides(colour = guide_legend(override.aes = ...)), but can't find a way to remove it.
Example code:
library(ggplot2)

pred_X <- c(10, 20, 25, 8, 12, 20, 18, 30, 40)
obs_X <- c(9, 18, 27, 10, 15, 19, 16, 32, 40)
afdeling <- rep(c("A", "B", "C"), each=3)
plot <- rep(c("plot 1", "plot 2", "plot 3"), times=3)
output <- data.frame(pred_X, obs_X, afdeling, plot)

ggplot(aes(x = pred_X, y = obs_X), data=output) +
  geom_point(aes(shape=afdeling, colour=plot)) +
  scale_shape_manual(values = c(1:3)) +
  #guides(colour = guide_legend(override.aes = NULL)) +
  scale_x_continuous(expand = c(0,0), limits = c(0,60)) +
  scale_y_continuous(expand = c(0,0), limits = c(0,60)) +
  geom_smooth(method='lm', colour="black", se=F, lwd=0.7)

A: H 1 had the solution:
"Just add + guides(color = "none") to the plot."
Solved the problem easy and perfectly.


text:
Q: If I want to create multiple forms, possible to have one main in C#? If I want to have multiple forms in an appication, can I do it with only
one main? I am working with Visual Studio C# (Windows Application).
Thank you.

A: Sure.  There is nothing preventing you from having multiple Form instances in a .Net application with only a single thread / main method.
var f1 = new Form();
f1.Show();
var f2 = new Form();
f2.Show();

Depending on how you want these forms to be related though there are some subtle changes you may want to make to the startup code.  Can you give us a bit more information on what you're trying to achieve?

A: Yes you can.  You can say new Form() all day long.

A: They're right, but if you want to edit the form in the designer first use Project -> Add Windows Form and select a name for the form.
This will add another form to the project and let you can open and edit it in the designer.

A: You can also use form inheritance if you want a common form design.

A: var f1 = new Form();
here var is variant datatype in .NET 3.5 which basically object type that can store any objects in it.


text:
Q: Guzzle not throwing exceptions I am building a class wrapper around the themoviedb.org api. I'm using guzzle 7 for the requests, but it seems that it is not throwing any exception.
namespace App\Classes;

use App\Models\Movie;
use App\Models\Series;
use GuzzleHttp\Client;

use GuzzleHttp\Exception\GuzzleException;
use GuzzleHttp\Handler\CurlHandler;
use GuzzleHttp\HandlerStack;
use GuzzleHttp\Middleware;
use GuzzleHttp\Psr7\Uri;

use Psr\Http\Message\RequestInterface;

class TMDBScraper{

private string $apiKey;
private string $language;
private Client $client;
private const API_URL = "http://api.themoviedb.org/3/";
private const IMAGE_URL = "http://image.tmdb.org/t/p/";
private const POSTER_PATH_SIZE = "w500";
private const BACKDROP_PATH_SIZE = "original";

public function __construct(string $apiKey = "default_api_key") {
    $this->apiKey = $apiKey;
    $this->language = app()->getLocale();

    $handlerStack = new HandlerStack(new CurlHandler());
    $handlerStack->unshift(Middleware::mapRequest(function (RequestInterface $request) {
        return $request->withUri(Uri::withQueryValues($request->getUri(), [
            'api_key' => $this->apiKey,
            'language' => $this->language
        ]));
    }));

    $this->client = new Client([
        'base_uri' => self::API_URL,
        'handler' => $handlerStack
    ]);

}

public function search($screenplayType, $query): ?array {

    try {

        $response = json_decode($this->client->get('search/' . $screenplayType, [
            'query' => compact('query')
        ])->getBody());

        return $this->toModel($response, $screenplayType);

    } catch (GuzzleException $e) {
        echo $e->getMessage();
        return null;
    }

}

... more code }

I tried to use a wrong api key, but the client exception is not thrown. I also tried to set http_errors to true, that should be set by default, but it didn't work too.

A: You can try this code:
$handler = new CurlHandler();
$stack = HandlerStack::create($handler);


text:
Hussein Shariffe (7 July 1934 – 21 January 2005, Omdurman, Sudan) was a Sudanese filmmaker, painter, poet and university lecturer at the University of Khartoum. After years of schooling in Khartoum and in Alexandria, Egypt, he studied modern history and fine arts in England, where he had his first exhibition in London's Gallery One in 1957. Back in Sudan in the 1970s, he worked both at the Ministry of Culture and at the Faculty of Arts at the University of Khartoum. In 1973 he began a second artistic career as filmmaker, producing several documentary films and cinematographic essays on subjects such as traditional rites or history in Sudan, as well as on life in exile during his later years in Cairo.

Biography and artistic career
Hussein Shariffe was the son of a medical doctor and his wife, both from families related to Muhammed Ahmed El-Mahdi (1844–1885), the religious and political founder of the Mahdist State. He spent his first years in a small village, where he was instructed in reading and writing Arabic and the Quran. After this, he received his primary education at the secular Ahfad School for boys in Rufu'a, a village on the banks of the Blue Nile, south of Khartoum, that had been founded by the pioneer in Sudanese education Babiker Bedri. After an introduction to fine arts, literature and music at the Catholic Comboni School in Khartoum, he continued his schooling at Victoria College, an elite school in Alexandria, Egypt.

Painter
In the late 1950s, Shariffe studied Modern History at the University of Cambridge in England, and in 1959, he took a Master's degree at London's Slade School of Fine Arts, where he studied under Lucian Freud. He won the John Moores Prize for young artists and had his first show in 1957 at London's Gallery One. The National Portrait Gallery in London holds photographs of Shariffe from this period, sitting in front of his paintings. In his lifetime, he is said to have painted more than 500 paintings, but only few of them have been documented.

Filmmaker
After his return to Khartoum in 1970, he became known as a filmmaker from the 1970s onwards. In 1973, he was in charge of the film section in the Ministry of Culture and Information in Khartoum, at the same time as Gadalla Gubara and Ibrahim el-Salahi. His first documentary film, The Throwing of Fire, centred on a traditional fertility rite of the Ingessana people in the southern Blue Nile State, celebrating ashes, the sun and good harvests. This experience prompted him to return to the United Kingdom to study film at the National Film and Television School. During this time, he shot Tigers are better looking, adapting a short story by Creole literary modernist Jean Rhys.

Before 1997, Shariffe made several documentaries, such as The Dislocation of Amber, a poetic film about the historical port of Suakin on the Red Sea coast, or Diary in Exile, an account of Sudanese living in exile in Egypt. His films Al-wathiq, inspired by a Sudanese outlaw, and Dawood, about Sudanese singer Abdel Aziz Muhammed Dawood, begun in the early 1980s, were never completed. In 2000, he started work on his last film 'Of dust and rubies', a cinematic rendering of contemporary Sudanese poetry about the experience of exile.

Tributes and late recognition
In appreciation of his artistic work, the Sudan Independent Film Festival, founded in 2014, is held annually on the anniversary of Shariffe's death.

In 2010, his paintings were exhibited at the Salwa Zeidan Gallery, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, and in 2017, at the me Collector's room of the Olbricht Foundation in Berlin, Germany. The retrospective exhibition 'The Khartoum School – The Making of the Modern Art Movement in Sudan (1945-present)', presented by the Sharjah Art Foundation, United Arab Emirates, in 2016, showed his paintings alongside other Sudanese artists of this period. - Some of his paintings have also been presented by auction houses like Christie's or Sotheby's. On the latter's online page dedicated to Sudanese painters, his abstract painting Songlines for Bruce Chatwin is presented as a tribute to Shariffe's friend, Bruce Chatwin, the English travel writer and novelist, who visited Sudan in 1965.

In 2019, the members of a workshop on his last film project Of dust and rubies at the Berlin-based  presented their findings at the Berlin International Film Festival 'Forum Expanded', and Egyptian filmmaker Tamer El Said created a film essay about this project. In 2020, the Birkbeck Institute of the Moving Image (BIMI) in London, in cooperation with the Arsenal Institute, presented online screenings and panel discussions of three of his films.

Filmography

 The Throwing of Fire, 1973
 The Dislocation of Amber, 1975
 Tigers are Better Looking, 1979
 Not the Waters of the Moon, 1985
 Diary in Exile, 1993
 Letters from Abroad, 1997, (not completed)
 Al-Wathiq (not completed)
 Dawood (not completed)
 Of Dust and Rubies, 2000–2005, (not completed)

See also

 Cinema of Sudan
 Visual arts of Sudan

Notes

References

External links

Sudanese painters
1934 births
2005 deaths
People from Omdurman
Alumni of the University of Cambridge
Alumni of the Slade School of Fine Art
20th-century Sudanese artists
20th-century Sudanese painters
Sudanese film directors
Sudanese screenwriters


INTRODUCTION. Visible light and inflammation caused by bacterial endotoxins strongly influence direct cell interactions and modulate the expression of selected factors, such as nitric oxide (NO) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The aim of the study is to establish whether exposition of corneal or conjunctival epithelial cells to visible light and/ or LPS may change their viability, direct cellular interactions and expression of NO and COX-2.
MATERIALS AND METHODS. In vitro cultured human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells were used in the study. The following assays were performed: Neutral Red (NR) uptake, nitric oxide (NO) quantification by the Griess method, cytoskeletal F-actin organization by fluorescent staining, and COX-2 expression by immunofluorescence.
RESULTS. LPS reduced the viability of the cells, especially conjunctival epithelial cells. All cell stimulation variants tested (visible light and/or LPS treatment) led to decreased nitric oxide (NO) production both by corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. No changes in cytoskeletal F-actin filaments were observed after the cells had been treated with light or the endotoxin. LPS slightly increased COX-2 expression, but light had no, or a slightly reducing, effect on the level of this enzyme.
CONCLUSIONS. Visible light and/or bacterial endotoxin (LPS) may, depending on the local microenvironmental conditions, cooperate or interfere with each other's activity in inducing ocular surface inflammation.
Hajrasouliha AR, Kaplan HJ. Light and ocular immunity. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2012; 12(5): 504–509.
Liang H, Brignole-Baudouin F, Labbé A, et al. LPS-stimulated inflammation and apoptosis in corneal injury models. Mol Vis. 2007; 13: 1169–1180.
Ohta S, Matsuda S, Gunji M, et al. The role of nitric oxide in radiation damage. Biol Pharm Bull. 2007; 30(6): 1102–1107.
Weinreb O, Dovrat A, Dunia I, et al. UV-A-related alterations of young and adult lens water-insoluble α-crystallin, plasma membranous and cytoskeletal proteins. European Journal of Biochemistry. 2001; 268(3): 536–543.
Erdinest N, Shohat N, Moallem E, et al. Nitric oxide secretion in human conjunctival fibroblasts is inhibited by alpha linolenic acid. J Inflamm (Lond). 2015; 12: 59.
Seo SJ, Choi HG, Chung HJ, et al. Time course of expression of mRNA of inducible nitric oxide synthase and generation of nitric oxide by ultraviolet B in keratinocyte cell lines. Br J Dermatol. 2002; 147(4): 655–662.
Wang ZY, Håkanson R. Role of nitric oxide (NO) in ocular inflammation. Br J Pharmacol. 1995; 116(5): 2447–2450.
Cruz R, Quintana-Hau JD, González JR, et al. Effects of an ophthalmic formulation of meloxicam on COX-2 expression, PGE2 release, and cytokine expression in a model of acute ocular inflammation. Br J Ophthalmol. 2008; 92(1): 120–125.
Chiang CC, Cheng YW, Lin CL, et al. Cyclooxygenase 2 expression in pterygium. Mol Vis. 2007; 13: 635–638.
Choi H, Lim W, Kim I, et al. Inflammatory cytokines are suppressed by light-emitting diode irradiation of P. gingivalis LPS-treated human gingival fibroblasts: inflammatory cytokine changes by LED irradiation. Lasers Med Sci. 2012; 27(2): 459–467.
Anfuso CD, Olivieri M, Fidilio A, et al. Gabapentin Attenuates Ocular Inflammation: and Studies. Front Pharmacol. 2017; 8: 173.
Ozdal PC, Callejo S, Caissie AL, et al. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human irradiated uveal melanomas. Int Ophthalmol. 2008; 28(1): 1–6.


Use: Command an invocation of Yu'lon to strike your target, dealing 41242 Nature damage split among them and all nearby enemies. Deals increased damage when striking multiple targets.
Deals up to 5% of the target's maximum health in Chaos damage, and increases the mana cost of the their spells by 30% for 10 sec.
Imprison's PvP duration is increased by 2 sec, and targets become immune to damage and healing while imprisoned. Cooldown increased to 60 sec.
Transform to demon form, moving at 175% increased speed for 3 sec, knocking down all enemies in your path and dealing 1,003 Physical damage. During Demonic Trample you are unaffected by snares but cannot cast spells or use your normal attacks. Shares charges with Infernal Strike.
Removes all harmful magical effects from yourself and all nearby allies within 10 yards, and sends them back to their original caster if possible.


I'm pretty positive I've been bitten by a squirrel. There's been one lurking in our back yard for a few months now and I'm fairly certain it's nipped at me when I wasn't looking. How else would you explain my new found passion for nuts. Like a vampire craving blood....I am constantly craving nuts.
I keep trying to tell myself it's not a bad thing...there is so much worse I could be craving. Nuts are a heart healthy food packed with lots of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants.They make a great portable snack and unlike most fruits and vegetables they have a long shelf life.
Back to my craving. It's constant...morning, noon and night. Whenever I'm hungry and looking for food I immediately reach for nuts. It doesn't matter what variety....I love them all. I add them to my morning oatmeal; spread nut butter on whole wheat bread at lunch; pop them in my mouth as a mid afternoon snack and toss them with my salad in the evenings.
Knowing this about me you can imagine my excitement when I was offered a chance to review any product I wanted from Nuts.com. Of course it was going to be nuts. But I have to admit with so many cool food products to choose from I did have a hard time focusing on just nuts. There's all kinds of chocolate snacks, dried fruits, granola and so many other fun things to eat and drink. In the end the nuts won out; as I knew they would.
I placed an order for the one pound bag of raw organic nuts. When it arrived I wished I would've ordered the 25lb case. That's how much I enjoyed them. The delectable combination of organic cashews, Brazil nuts, walnuts, almonds, pecans, pistachios, macadamia nuts, and filberts are sure to please everyone. All raw and all organic.
So why this huge nut craving all of a sudden....there can be no other explanation other than I've been bitten by a squirrel.
I hated nuts when I was a kid. Now I can't get enough of them either, although I still can't do peanuts for some reason. These nuts look fantastic!
I love snacking on nuts in the afternoon! I figure it's better than some of the other things I could be nibbling!
oh my gosh, i am the same way! i bet i get at least 1/3 of my calories from nuts!! and guess what....i order them from nuts.com! They don't roast their nuts in peanut oil (I'm allergic), so i always order in bulk -- about every 2 weeks! haha...i must have the "squirrel bug" too!!


Have you been looking forward to the VooMote Zapper? Well, I want to play harbinger of good news – the VooMote Zapper is now available on Apple.com, and if you are patient enough, preferring the brick and mortar store setup, it too, will arrive soon in Apple Stores around the country. This elegant dongle will transform your iDevice into a universal remote, Zero1.tv's latest invention will be battery-free.
Touted to be a versatile mobile solution which is capable of transforming your iOS device into an impressively smart universal remote which is capable of controlling just about all of your A/V gear, this light-weight dongle might be too small for some folks' liking – considering it is roughly the size of a paperclip, and will play nice with all mobile iOS 5 devices, delivering maximum flexibility and ease of use when connected to your iPhone, iPad or iPod.
The VooMote Zapper is different from base station solutions, as it delivers convenient "room to room" functionality which enables users to access entertainment whenever and wherever they want, using whatever kind of iOS 5-powered devices that one owns. Not only that, the VooMote Zapper is a snap to set up and use, just like how Steve Jobs would want it. After all, don't you think that it would be rather ironic if the VooMote Zapper was a pain to set up and use, considering how the iPhone, iPod and iPad were designed to be intuitive? Good thing the VooMote Zapper is in line with Apple's vision, and the moment the VooMote Zapper dongle is connected, the free app will download automatically, prompting you with a set up screen, giving you immediate control over hundreds of thousands of electronic devices.
You can choose from either black or white shades for the Apple certified VooMote Zapper, and regardless of the color, it will retail for $69.99.


We where asked to build a fresh looking colorful website which is easy to use. It had to include a contact form as well as blog and high quality content.
After demoing our DYSC CMS system to the client they where impressed and shocked at how our website building application performed vs other content management systems.
We agreed on a concept design and started building the theme into DYSC CMS. Using our system meant that payroll.co.uk could add their own content and the final result would be the same as if we hand built the pages our self's.


Spiki | Principles of the universal language more easy than Esperanto and English!
Every letter corresponds to 1 only sound.
Contrary to languages as English, the diction of the spiki is slow and very articulated: the vowels are longer. There is no tonic accent, the words are separated by a little break.
Spiki is relatively difficult to pronounce, but this obliges to articulate it.
The Latin alphabet without accent allows the spiki to be compatible with all the international computer systems.
Nouns in singular do not finish by "s"
How is formed the dictionary?
- The main vocabulary is limited to 700 words.
- To learn the language quickly and for reasons of distribution, the vocabulary of spiki is based from English.
- There are neither homonyms nor synonyms.
- The simplification of the dictionary does not be censorship.
The kanguru is a marsupial.
Kangaroo and marsupial are not part of the officialSpiki dictionary. However Spiki aims is to be a precise language. So a kangaroo is a kangaroo. Spiki so allows 2 biologists to speak about kangarooes with a technical vocabulary.
To the paper certain words or emotions can be replaced by one of the emoji contained in the Emoji - Spiki dictionary.
For plural we add s to the noun.
The idiomatic expressions do not exist.
In oral we can begin a conversation with the word spiki to mean that the conversation is not in English.
Spiki is a universal language, design your sentenses to be sure your interlocutor can understand you.
This system allows to create more sentences with a limited vocabulary.


text:
Five key social media pillars that all charities should embrace
By Tom Brickley	 June 15th 2015 16:01
Charities have an advantage over regular brands on social media.
They have a passionate, emotionally connected supporter base at their fingertips, ready to sing their praises.
However that doesn't mean success is guaranteed, far from it. With organic reach squeezed and thousands of brands clambering for space on your newsfeed, it's getting harder and harder to engage the people that matter.
But charities do have something up their sleeve.
Here are some of the top points to consider if your charity is looking to add some spice and cut through the ever-bloated world of social media.
1) Content isn't king, your audience is
I've seen it time and again, charities broadcasting their latest appeal with new imagery and videos while ignoring their core supporters. They're the foundation on which your very social presence is built, so treat them with care and respect.
What does this look like in practice?
Ensure that each mention, post, Instagram shot, video, pin etc. is acknowledged. That doesn't mean you move heaven and earth to show that you care, a simple favourite or comment will do. Pair this with a fast response (within 10 minutes) and you've got a very happy supporter.
Content is quite clearly one of the core pillars for social media, but your audience are there waiting to help you achieve your goals.
At Marie Curie we've seen repeat engagements, actions from those that have engaged with us previously, increase by nearly 200% purely by ensuring that each and every interaction is recognised.
Take Marie Curie's #ThankYouThursday initiative. Our Marketing Team take 10 minutes out of their day to draw and create a little thank you message to anyone tweeting the @mariecurieuk account to say how they've supported us.
We've had people phone us saying they've been moved to tears by this simple gesture.
#ThankYouThursday to @carly9124 who's completed 7 events over 5 years, raising £2,000 for Marie Curie! pic.twitter.com/gaAbmO9xDT
— Marie Curie (@mariecurieuk) June 11, 2015
2) Listen. Listen hard
It's all well and good creating a campaign utilising one of the latest social platforms to show you're 'with it', or devising some convoluted competition to increase your metrics. But these don't always pay off.
Listening pays off. Finding out what your supporters, audiences and partners are actively doing or wanting to do on social can give you a truly valuable insight.
Whether that's through aggregating mentions and tagging their purpose, or analysing user generated content, it's worthwhile in the long run.
At Marie Curie we found that a lot of our supporters were sharing pictures of their loved ones who received care and support through our services onto our Facebook page and on Twitter. This was great, but soon enough they melt into the social media ether.
We came to the conclusion that a web platform to host these photos and the stories behind them would be of huge benefit, not just to us, but to those that wanted to share their experiences.
After the platform went live at Christmas, we saw more than 400 photos, videos and stories shared within two weeks. This increased traffic to our website and, in turn, opportunities to donate.
By all means, test a new product, fundraising mechanism or content type that might not be an initial obvious fit (see the forth point below), but ensure it's seen as a test internally and that you grab all the data you can on how it's performed.
3) Measure it
It seems silly to say this in 2015, but there are still huge branded accounts and pages out there that don't measure the effectiveness of what they do on social.
Measurements go a lot further than listing out how many retweets you saw last week, or highlighting that your post last Monday received 50 more likes than a similar post two weeks prior.
It's about real, meaningful actions and observations that in turn allow you to hone and adapt your approach. Visits to your website are meaningful, donations from a tweet are meaningful, understanding who your audience are is meaningful.
All of this data and understanding can be used to showcase a return on investment, something inherently tricky with organic social media.
Good luck to the #TeamMarieCurie riders taking on @VelothonWales tomorrow – you're all stars! pic.twitter.com/dQvb93WyRJ
4) Think it. Test it. Prove it
Someone in the fundraising department comes up with a crazy idea to increase repeat donations through Facebook? Test it. That's the beauty of social media. No print runs, no prototype, no budget sign off. Get your idea out there and see if it works.
We all know charities don't have the most extensive budgets out there, so it's essential we do what we can with what we have.
Organic social media is a powerful beast, so let's use it.
There are location targeting options, interest options and a host of others, your target audience can be adapted to suit your test. Want to see what the difference in gender response to this new repeat donations idea is? Just head to Facebook.
There are a couple of small but critical caveats here.
Firstly, ensure that everyone that needs to know about the test knows – you don't want to have to explain yourself when your latest FB post fails to set the world alight. Secondly, ensure you've got measures in place before you go live. You don't want to be scrambling and digging for data after the test has finished.
5) You're special
What makes your charity stand out from the crowd? Do you have the pleasure of working with cute animals? Or maybe you have access to some touching stories? Use these to your advantage.
I was lucky enough to start my charity career at WWF UK (the panda people, not the wrestlers). They had an almighty database of stunning animal and environmental imagery that really couldn't be matched. So we made the most of it.
Our campaigns and engagement periods were peppered with the type of imagery you see on BBC documentaries and photography awards, mainly because these WERE the images winning the awards.
Now at Marie Curie, we have a library of amazing stories of people who have experienced our Nurses and Hospices. We use them to cement our content and campaigns in the minds of our audience, and allow their own experiences to emerge in comments and tweets.
Think, what do we have that others don't? You'll gain that edge in grabbing attention and get to the core of what makes your supporters care.
These are the core areas that charities should really look at, but most are applicable for all types of businesses using social media. When used together, there's an extremely solid base to move forward from.
Let me know if you have any other key points to share in the comments.
Blog Community Management Content marketing Facebook marie curie social media strategy Social Media Twitter UK
10 inspiring content marketing examples from charities
Content marketing has gone way beyond buzzword status and is now a core part of almost any well-known brand's marketing strategy.
As Graham Charlton mentioned in his post about ecommerce content marketing last month, it can help with anything from SEO to social reach. It can even improve sales in the long run.
June 23rd 2015 10:48
Why IBM's content strategy hits the mark
Content marketing can be a tricky area for brands whose products or services are not traditionally seen as 'sexy.' But IBM has turned that idea on its head and produced some of the most exciting content I've seen in any industry.
In this post I'm going to take a look at some of the best examples of IBM's content, and why I think this company's strategy is so effective.
How Western brands should plan for content marketing in APAC
Content marketing is currently one of the most important trends in digital, and it's one that presents a huge challenge for Western brands hoping to expand into the Asia-Pacific region.
It's tempting to view the region as one entity for marketing campaigns, but language and cultural barriers mean that really isn't the case.
To find out more about how to approach content marketing in APAC, I spoke to Julia Tan from Mynewsdesk in Singapore.
June 1st 2015 17:16


text:
Home Other BandLab raises US$53mm Series B – lead investor Vulcan Capital with participation...
BandLab raises US$53mm Series B – lead investor Vulcan Capital with participation from K3 Ventures
Social Music Platform BandLab Raises US$53mm Series B to Usher in the Age of Mass Music Creation, Support Creator Economy
BandLab, the Singapore-based social music platform bringing pro-quality creator tools to music makers worldwide, is announcing its first funding round to involve outside investors. Led by Vulcan Capital with notable participation from K3 Ventures as well as existing investor Caldecott Music Group, the US$53m round will allow BandLab to expand its team and continue to refine and grow its offerings to music creators and aspiring artists worldwide.
The US$53m round results in a post-money valuation of US$303mm and involves several new investors who have played key roles in shaping the social, tech, and music creation landscape. Lead investor Vulcan Capital is the multi-billion-dollar investment arm of Microsoft co-founder and philanthropist Paul G. Allen. New investor K3 Ventures is a venture capital firm that brings strategic value through its partnerships in the SEA ecosystem, and was an early backer of super app Grab as well as tech giant Bytedance.
BandLab's next-generation platform supports creators of all kinds of sophistication levels, from first-time creators to GRAMMY-winning producers, much as workplace productivity tools support businesses large and small. Its cross-platform creative ecosystem offers users everything from their award-winning Mix Editor to a comprehensive royalty-free Sounds library, as well as Mastering, newly announced AI-powered SongStarter and more. Beyond creation tools, artist services like Distribution and direct fan subscriptions empower the fast-growing creator economy, and the upcoming integration of recently acquired leading independent artist services platform ReverbNation into BandLab will further expand the suite of services available to independent artists.
"Our vision is a future where there are no barriers to making and sharing music, in particular among independent musicians and creators, and among mobile-first users, the billions with smartphones and original musical ideas," says BandLab CEO & Co-Founder Meng Ru Kuok. "We're not only doubling down on our market leading creator tools, but also prioritizing compensation for artists and protection for rights holders. If creators aren't being paid fairly, it's a major barrier to their development and growth as artists."
Managing Director and Head of South-east Asia at Vulcan Capital, Tommy Teo says, "With a passionate community of millions worldwide, BandLab has an incredible track record of providing innovative and meaningful tools for music creators and artists globally, not only to primary markets like the US, but extending far beyond into developing and underserved markets as well. With accessibility, creativity, and collaboration at their core, we strongly believe in their vision for the future of music creation, and are excited to embark on this journey as a partner."
About BandLab
BandLab's vision is simple: A future where there are no boundaries to making and sharing music.
Launched in 2015, BandLab is the next-generation social music creation platform on a mission to break down the technical, geographic, and creative barriers for musicians and fans. Free-to-use, the mobile-first cross-platform digital audio workstation and social network, unites the entire creator journey into one place, boasting a suite of features and tools for creators to make and share their music with fans.
To find out why over 40 million creators love and use BandLab, visit bandlab.com or sign up for free on the App Store or Google Play.
BandLab is the flagship product of BandLab Technologies, which also includes professional-level digital audio workstation, Cakewalk.
The post BandLab raises US$53mm Series B – lead investor Vulcan Capital with participation from K3 Ventures appeared first on Music Instrument News.
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The phantasmagorical imagery Hunt welds demonstrates the raw power of his intellect fused with an intuitive, spirited understanding that brings together art, architectural, environmental, and historical associations while compelling us to examine what it means to be at one with our own surroundings.
A Force of Nature will run from Thursday, October 7th through Friday, December 10, 2010 at Th!nkArt Salon, 1530 N. Paulina Street in the Wicker Park gallery district in Chicago, Ill. Hunt's exhibit debuts with a three-day opening vernissage on Thursday, October 7th, Friday, October 8th, and Saturday, October 9, 2010 and will be accompanied by related artistic and cultural events.
Internationally known for his abstract sculpture, Richard Hunt has created more public works since the start of his career in 1955 than any other living artist. Guided by an underlying spiritual influence, Hunt's inexhaustible creativity and intellect are demonstrated by his continued labor and sheer volume of work.


During the school year, Moody started to keep a journal. It was suggested by his teachers so he would be less distracted and distracting. We also started him on one at home at the same time. We got his journals from school at the end of the year. We were browsing them and could not stop laughing! Moody kept objecting that we were invading his privacy. It really tells about his character.
Here are some excerpts, and yes, I have his permission to publish them! Warning: Some entries are rated PG-13, parental guidance advised!
He is right... she does and is famous for it. She eats lots of fruits and vegetables, and that comes with it. At one point, we called her a skunk.
The doctor prescribed Jello and Popsicles for Tala when she was once sick. It was not convincing for Moody!
What are big brothers for?! Jackson is her friend from the preschool days.
Libyan Education: Which way is up?


text:
package com.suscipio_solutions.consecro_mud.Items.Basic;
import com.suscipio_solutions.consecro_mud.Items.interfaces.DoorKey;
import com.suscipio_solutions.consecro_mud.Items.interfaces.RawMaterial;

public class StdKey extends StdItem implements DoorKey
{
	@Override public String ID(){	return "StdKey";}
	public StdKey()
	{
		super();
		setName("a metal key");
		setDisplayText("a small metal key sits here.");
		setDescription("You can't tell what it\\`s to by looking at it.");

		material=RawMaterial.RESOURCE_STEEL;
		baseGoldValue=0;
		recoverPhyStats();
	}

	@Override public void setKey(String keyName){miscText=keyName;}
	@Override public String getKey(){return miscText;}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
10 Times to Wake Your Kids Up Early on Vacation
You're not supposed to wake a sleeping child, but sometimes you need to make an exception.
Family Travel's Best
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We may make 💰 from these links.
Photo By: iStockphoto.com
To Watch Sea Turtles Hatching
To Make a Rope Drop
Photo By: David Roark
To Have the Popular Trails to Yourself
To Make the First Tracks on a Ski Slope
To Revel in the Calm of an Empty Beach
To Capture the First Whale Sightings of the Day
To Visit Top Sites Before Big Tour Groups Arrive
To Spot the Big Five on Safari
Photo By: moodboard / Brand X Pictures / Getty Images, moodboard
To Enjoy a Local Breakfast
To See a Bucket List Sunrise
A sunrise is not just a sunrise, particularly when you're watching the sun climb above the clouds from the rim of a volcano at Haleakala National Park in Hawaii. This sunrise is so popular, in fact, that every car entering the park before daybreak requires a reservation. Book one up to two months in advance at Recreation.gov. Or, wake early to see the sun's first rays shining down on the United States from Cadillac Mountain in Maine's Acadia National Park between October and early-March.
It's a beautiful thing to watch sea turtles hatching in the early morning, eager to safely make their way into the sea. The beaches of Tortuguero National Park in Costa Rica are among the most well-known nesting sites for sea turtles. The baby green sea turtles race across the sand from late-August to November. Closer to home, sign the kids up to walk the beach with the Sea Turtle Dawn Patrol in search of nesting sea turtles and hatchlings at Sea Island, Georgia.
For theme park fans, making a "rope drop" at one of the Walt Disney World parks in order to watch a welcome show and get a jump on the crowds is a must-do. Arrive at least 30 minutes before the park opens. At Magic Kingdom, make your way to Cinderella Castle when the gates open for a special five-minute opening show called "Let the Magic Begin." Extra Magic Hours, which allow park-goers staying on-property early access to select parks, is an extra reason to wake the kids up early.
Our national parks are more popular than ever, which means that the most popular trails at these parks, like The Narrows at Zion National Park, can be extremely crowded. Parking lots at these trailheads can reach capacity by 8:30 am, some as early as 6:00 am in the summer. Setting out on the trail as the sun is welcoming the day can help ensure some family time before you feel as though you're hiking with a crowd. An early start also helps beat the heat.
For avid skiers, even those new to the sport, it can be a rush to make the very first tracks on the ski slope early in the morning. Another benefit to waking early on a ski getaway is that the runs won't be all skied out by the time you and the kids arrive. Select mountains, including Whiteface in Lake Placid, New York and Park City Mountain Resort in Park City, Utah offer a First Tracks program that enables intermediate and higher skiers to ski the mountains before anyone else.
There's nothing like relaxing on the beach, listening to the waves lap against the sand. It's a magical feeling to stroll along the coastline before the folding chairs and umbrellas have been set up for the day. Pack breakfast and let the kids start their days on the beach. Swim in an empty ocean and take in the sights, whether typical palm trees and tiki huts or ancient Mayan ruins like those you can see from beautiful Tulum Beach in Mexico.
It may be tough to rouse the kids, but they'll thank you when they see humpback whales jumping out of the water in Hawaii. Set out on an early-morning Wake Up With the Whales catamaran cruise on the Big Island with Ocean Sports. The calmest waters of the day are in the morning, making this an ideal time for those prone to getting seasick. Morning is also when humpback whales tend to be more active, so sightings are often guaranteed on the first cruise of the day.
Many must-see tourist sites, like Trevi Fountain in Rome and Sacre-Coeur in Paris, can become choked with crowds of tourists. Every tour bus wants to stop and every walking group tour wants to stand in front, blocking your view and keeping you from the perfect photo. Arrive early, before anyone else, and you'll be able to snap an unobstructed photo with your kids. You'll also be able to watch as the areas around the sites wake up, enabling you to experience each attraction in new ways.
For many, an African safari is a once-in-a-lifetime experience, so you'll want to maximize your chances of seeing the Big Five game animals: lions, leopards, rhinos, elephants, and buffalo. That means that you and the kids will need to be up before dawn for an early-morning game drive. The temperatures are cool and the animals are still very active, making the morning the very best time to spot wildlife. Plan to welcome the day with a brilliant sunrise bursting with pinks, purples and oranges.
To really get to know a new city, sit down for breakfast at a local cafe or restaurant. Don't grab a scone and a tall coffee to-go. Savor a toasted tomato and gruyere cheese croissant in Paris or an egg tort served on a banana leaf with rice and beans in Costa Rica. Explore local flavors whenever you can. As a bonus, if you opt for a local buffet breakfast, waking the kids up 30 minutes early can mean first dibs on the spread.
6 Places to Take the Kids for a Farm Stay
Travel Options for Single Parents With Kids 10 Photos
10 Incredible Rafting Adventures for Every Level 10 Photos


New items for January 2015!! plus much more from Blue Sky!
CUSTOM MADE WARMERS AND COATS !!!!!!
head bands and more !
PLEASE LIKE US ON facebook !!!!!! AND COME VISIT MUSIC CITY ! YOU WILL LOVE IT !
Wecome to KARMA the coolest store right in the heart of Music City ! here you will find many local artist creations, and art work as well. since 1990 we have been a local shop about ! so come on over and get you some ! this is Terri Sanford my lady ! she is the greatest artist !!
store hours are friday 3pm to sunday 3pm till ?
we are located right by PRINTERS ALLEY !!!!!!


Valerie Bothell: Thank you so much!
I would like to thank all of you for your positive comments on my last post. I would especially like to thank someone who called me. I have not talked to you in a long time and I really appreciate the kind and supportive words that you left on my answering machine. I am sorry I was not home when you called.
Now, on to some better topics! Like my trip to New York City! Me and my girlfriend went to New York and had the best time! It was a business trip for me. We walked the garment district and I bought many new things for my business. I will have an open house April 26th showcasing all of the things I brought back. After that I will start posting the items on my website. It is probably something I will do once a year just to renew my supply and bring my customers new things every year. You cannot believe the walls of lace that you see at the stores in New York..it is like a whole new world.
We went to the Statue of Liberty...if that is not AWESOME. I would recommend you go, even though you wait for the ferry two hours..it is still worth it. Here is a picture of the Statue that I took from the ferry.


Rosneft, Leonardo and Russian Helicopters Joint Venture, 17-Jun-16 : Redistribution of Helivert holding. First 13 AW189 to be built in Italy and rest in Russia from 2018. Moscow plant to bring manufacturing localization level up to 70%.
AW189 Obtains Russian Civil Certification, 26-Aug-15 : AgustaWestland announced that the AW189 helicopter has obtained Russian Civil Certification. Ten ordered by Rosneft oil company.
AgustaWestland Confirms Rosneft AW189 Agreement, 07-Jan-15 : AgustaWestland announced that 160 AW189 will be provided to oil company Rosneft by 2025. Will be assembled by HeliVert at its Tomilino plant near Moscow.
Rosneft Oil to Buy 160 AW189 build by HeliVert, 31-Dec-14 : HeliVert plant near Moscow will launch production of AgustaWestland AW189 helicopters to be used by oil company Rosneft.