Of all excess heat resulting from people's emissions, 93.4% goes into oceans. Accordingly, the temperature of oceans has risen substantially.
The anomaly was 0.84 °C in August 2014, as illustrated by the image below.
On specific days, anomalies were much higher. On August 19, 2014, the Northern Hemisphere showed a sea surface temperature anomaly of 1.78 °C, while the North Atlantic sea surface temperature was 1.82 °C above average (CFSR 1979-2000 Baseline) on October 16, 2014, as illustrated by the image below.
Sea surface temperature anomalies are at the top end of the scale in many places in the Arctic, as well as off the coast of North America. The danger is that the Gulf Stream will keep carrying ever warmer water from the North Atlantic into the Arctic Ocean, threatening to unleash huge methane eruptions from the Arctic Ocean's seafloor, in turn causing even higher temperatures and more extreme weather events, wildfires, etc.
Above image shows methane levels as high as 2666 ppb, as measured by the MetOp-2 Satellite at 14,385 ft (~4.4 km) altitude on October 26, 2014 am.
Is 2666 ppb as high as it will get?
Sadly, methane releases from the seafloor of the Arctic Ocean are becoming increasingly larger around this time of year and they look set to get even larger than this. Note that the amount of methane actually erupting from the seafloor of the Arctic Ocean is even larger than what is visible on above image, for the following three reasons.
No data were available for some areas, as the IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) instrument measuring methane only covers a certain width. The white shapes showing up on above images are areas where no measurements were taken, resulting from the way the polar-orbiting satellite circum-navigates the globe, as pictured on the image on the right.
Furthermore, quality control failed in the grey areas on above images, indicating reading difficulties due to high moisture levels (i.e. snow, rain or water vapor), as also discussed in an earlier post. Accordingly, high methane levels (above 1950 ppb) as show up in the yellow areas could also be present in the many grey areas over the Arctic Ocean.
When also looking at methane levels on days following the high 2666 ppb reading, methane is persistently present over most of the Arctic Ocean, as illustrated by the above October 29, 2014, combination image, confirming that high methane levels were likely present in areas where no data were available on October 6, 2014.
Much of the methane that is released from the Arctic Ocean's seafloor is broken down by microbes as it rises up in the water. The SWERUS-3 research team recently found methane in the waters of the East Siberian Sea at levels that equate to atmospheric levels of 3188 ppb.
Much methane is broken down in the atmosphere by hydroxyl, as illustrated by the image below, showing carbon dioxde levels on October 27, 2014, that indicate that large amounts of methane are broken down at higher latitudes on the Northern Hemisphere.
The latter point could explain the sudden recent rise in carbon dioxide levels, as also detected at Mauna Loa, Hawaii, as illustrated by the image below.
In conclusion, the amount of methane that is erupting from the seafloor of the Arctic Ocean is larger than what is visible on satellite images, and the water will be highly saturated with methane at locations where the methane is escaping from the seafloor, highlighting the danger that, in case of large abrupt releases from the Arctic Ocean's seafloor, microbes and hydroxyl will quickly get depleted locally, resulting in little of the methane being broken down, as discussed at an earlier post.
Why are such huge amounts of methane starting to get released from the Arctic Ocean's seafloor now?
As the image below shows, temperature at 2 meters was below 0°C (32°F, i.e. the temperature at which water freezes) over most of the Arctic Ocean on October 26, 2014. The Arctic was over 6°F (3.34°C) warmer than average, and at places was up to 20°C (36°F) warmer than average.
Above image illustrates the enormous amount of heat that has until now been transferred from the waters of the Arctic Ocean to the atmosphere. Underneath the surface, water temperatures are much higher than they used to be and, as around this time of year the Arctic Ocean freezes over, less heat will from now on be able to escape to the atmosphere. Sealed off from the atmosphere by sea ice, greater mixing of heat in the water will occur down to the seafloor of the Arctic Ocean.
As land around the Arctic Ocean freezes over, less fresh water will flow from rivers into the Arctic Ocean. As a result, the salt content of the Arctic Ocean increases, making it easier for ice in cracks and passages in sediments at the seafloor of the Arctic Ocean to melt, allowing methane contained in the sediment to escape. Furthermore, the sea ice makes that less moisture evaporates from the water, which together with the change of seasons results in lower hydroxyl levels at the higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, in turn resulting in less methane being broken down in the atmosphere over the Arctic.
This situation will continue for months to come. Salty and warm water (i.e. warmer than water that is present in the Arctic Ocean) will continue to be carried by the Gulf Stream into the Arctic Ocean, while less heat and moisture will be able to be transferred to the atmosphere.
In conclusion, high methane levels threaten to further accelerate warming in the Arctic, in a vicious cycle escalating into runaway warming and resulting in death, destruction and extinction at massive scale.
So, what can be done to reduce the risk?
It is imperative that large emissions cuts are made quickly. The Climate Plan calls for 80% emission cuts by 2020, as one of multiple lines of action that need to be implemented in parallel.
The IPCC points at the need for carbon dioxide removal and also warns about ocean warming continuing for centuries (text below).
Indeed, even if all emissions by people could somehow be brought to an abrupt end, this alone will not stop the rise of ocean temperatures, at least not for a long time. For starters, air temperatures would start rising within days, in response to the disappearance of aerosols that now mask the full wrath of global warming. Furthermore, such a temperature rise would further accelerate feedbacks such as snow and ice decline, methane hydrate destabilization, etc., in turn feeding further temperature rises.
The Climate Plan therefore calls for carbon dioxide removal, as well as for active removal of other greenhouse gases from the atmosphere, and for further lines of action.
Again, merely implementing the above lines of action will not suffice to quickly bring down ocean temperatures. Paleo-climate records show that falls in temperature go hand in hand with falls of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to levels under 280 ppm, as opposed to current carbon dioxide levels that are around 400 ppm.
The Climate Plan calls for comprehensive and effective action that includes additional lines of action. Such additional action will require U.N. supervision, which may make it hard for the necessary action to obtain sufficient funding.
In earlier posts, it was suggested that, besides having fees imposed on facilities that burn fossil fuel and on sales of fossil fuel itself, additional fees could be imposed on commercial international flights. As long as it seems too hard to substantially reduce emissions associated with such flights, it seems appropriate to explore further ways to minimize such flights, e.g. by imposing additional fees that could help fund further action.
There are a number of ways such fees could be implemented. Such fees could be calculated based on the distance traveled or as a percentage of the fare.
Fees could also be calculated on the basis of the traveler's flying history, e.g. in the form of frequent flyer fees. Such fees could be collected either by the respective airline or airport.
In the box on the right, Ekta Kalra gives further details about how the latter idea could be implemented.
U.S. hit by numerous earthquakes?
During the past decade from December 2004 to present, no less than 18 great (Mw ≥ 8.0) earthquakes occurred globally (~1.8 per year), compared to 71 from 1900 to mid-2004 (~0.68 per year), yielding an effective rate increase of 265%, says seismologist Thorne Lay of the University of California at Santa Cruz.
What about smaller earthquakes? As the image below illustrates, of the 1495 earthquakes that hit the world over a period of seven days up to October 17, 2014, 05:04:30, UTC, 1404 occured in the map area of the image below. However, the U.S. is over-represented, the USGS map doesn't show smaller earthquakes (under magnitude 4) outside the U.S.
Can we expect more earthquakes to hit the U.S.? If so, why?
First of all, as said, many earthquakes do appear to hit the U.S. when looking at above image, but the above USGS map doesn't show smaller earthquakes (under magnitude 4) outside the U.S.
Nonetheless, there can be other reasons why so many earthquakes have recently hit the U.S., so let's explore some of them further.
It's a well-known phenemenon that, during the northern summer, more earthquakes do hit the Northern Hemisphere, rather than the Southern hemisphere. That's a natural phenomenon, but there can also be ways in which people can contribute to the incidence of earthquakes.
Isostatic rebound and changing stress conditions due to meltwater run-off can trigger seismic events. For months now, a huge amount of seismic activity has hit faultlines along the boundaries of the North American Plate, as earlier discussed in the earlier post Ring of Ice.
"There may be a threat of submarine landslides around the margins of Greenland, which are less well explored. Greenland is already uplifting, reducing the pressure on the crust beneath and also on submarine methane hydrates in the sediment around its margins, and increased seismic activity may be apparent within decades as active faults beneath the ice sheet are unloaded. This could provide the potential for the earthquake or methane hydrate destabilisation of submarine sediment, leading to the formation of submarine slides and, perhaps, tsunamis in the North Atlantic.
We see evidence of the Earth 'waking up' specifically in relation to seismic activity in areas of Alaska where dramatic ice loss (up to 1km vertical thickness) has occurred over the last 100 years, and also in relation to the correlation in many high mountains terrains of increased landslide occurrence and heatwaves.
Particularly dangerous in this respect are earthquakes along the fault that crosses the Arctic Ocean, such as the 4.5 M earthquake indicated by the blue dot on the top map, also indicated on the map below. The danger here is that such earthquakes could destabilize methane hydrates that are highly prominent in sediments under the Arctic Ocean.
As discussed in earlier posts, wild weather swings could also contribute to destabilization of methane hydrates. Furthermore, a study published this year suggests that human-caused groundwater depletion contributed to the prominence of earthquakes in California. Similar suggestions were made in a study focusing on a 2011 earthquake in Spain.
Besides the above wild weather swings, wild weather itself could similarly be destructive. As hurricane Sandy approached the U.S. coast in 2012, the force of waves slamming into other waves shook the seafloor, which was recorded by earthquake sensors. The energy generated by Sandy was similar to small earthquakes between magnitudes 2 and 3, seismologists at the University of Utah estimated.
Did typhoon VongFong cause earthquakes around Japan? The image on the right shows earthquakes that occured around Japan during the seven days up to October 16, 2014. Again, the map doesn't show the smaller quakes, so further studies may be needed to shed more light on this.
As above image shows, some 1500 earthquakes hit the world over a period of seven days up to October 17, 2014, 03:59:21, UTC. Of all these earthquakes, some 1300 hit the U.S. alone. This points at a further cause, i.e. fracking. A recent study has confirmed that fracking is linked to more earthquakes than previously believed.
Meanwhile, the EPA is still underreporting methane's Global Warming Potential, as earlier discussed at Myth #7 and despite a call by Rob Howarth and other methane experts to accurately account for warming effects of methane.
Below is an updated map with more recent data, showing that over a period of 7 days up to October 18, 2014, 01:39:12 UTC, some 1400 earthquakes hit the U.S. Again, note that the USGS map doesn't show earthquakes under magnitude 4 outside the U.S.
Labels: Bill McGuire, earthquakes, Greenland, hydrates, isostatic rebound, methane, Rob Howarth, Thorne Lay, U.S.
Nick Breeze interview with East Siberian Arctic Shelf researcher (ESAS) Dr. Natalia Shakhova on why the important news about methane news is not reaching mainstream news. Powerful interests seem to be in the way of Arctic methane education.
important research on methane and a dwindling Arctic.
The presenters and attendees there included a list of over 200 important climate scientists from different parts of the world. One could assume from the list of workshops that this conference was being held to talk about and discuss the critical loss of ice we are seeing in the Arctic, and that the purpose of the meeting would be to include any and all data relevant to this never-before-seen-in-human-history event.
People following the rapid loss of Arctic ice and all that data could even be forgiven for feelings of excitement and hope that at least someone is 'working on it'. We could have assumed that communication was one of the goals here, especially since the conference was tweeted widely, even from inside the conference. Following those tweets we could also have assumed that it was intended that people in the conference were to share information that was important not only about climate change but the loss of the Arctic sea ice.
Such a conference sounds like a great idea, doesn't it? We could have a cause for hope and the organizers seemed transparent, even going so far as to tweet plans. But such assumptions and presumptions would have been misplaced. Instead, what happened has turned into what has been called a Royal Society snubbing of scientists: a brouhaha has developed both in scientific circles and the world wide web, and has now raised serious questions. The main issue was that cutting edge scientists Dr Shakhova and Dr Semiletov were not even invited to present or discuss their very recent findings on important Arctic sea ice and methane releases.
Who are they and what did they have to offer to this conference? Perhaps it was an 'accident' that they were not invited? Maybe they were just not on the guest list? Or, if they were deliberately not invited, what could be the reason?
As it turns out Dr Shakhova & Dr Semiletov had just returned from a crucial expedition to the Arctic. The Swerus C3 expedition was conveyed aboard the icebreaker Oden. The goal was to gather data about the Arctic, in particular concerning methane hydrates and systems interaction.
This could all be read as some mere diplomatic or career-based tussle among scientists, or some type of television drama happening at an obscure conference of less-than household names, so why would the average reader be interested in what this has to do with life on earth?
A recent article in USA Today entitled Study: Earth in the midst of sixth mass extinction states: "The loss and decline of animals around the world — caused by habitat loss and global climate disruption — mean we're in the midst of a 'sixth mass extinction' of life on Earth, according to several studies out Thursday in the journal Science. One study found that although the human population has doubled in the past 35 years, the number of invertebrate animals – such as beetles, butterflies, spiders and worms – has decreased by 45% during that same period." Simple Google searches on this topic allow one to uncover a recent addition of many such articles on the same topic.
To be clear, I have the utmost respect for the scientific community and what they have contributed to the advancement of science. I have interviewed some, and helped give voice to the work of scientists, professors, teachers. and experts: I believe in open communication. I believe that when there is a huge problem as in this case of our planetary emergency or '6th mass extinction event', we need all hands on deck, especially the ones out there on the front lines. Dr Shakhova & Dr Semiletov are two of these.
According to computer modelling, our 'Arctic air conditioner' was supposed to stay intact and run effectively for many years. Previously the year 2100 was said to have been the year we would really see all 'he##' break loose. Now we realize that those models were way off. In fact, our 'air-conditioner' is self-destructing more every minute, causing a meandering jet stream which is already reeking climate havoc around the world: typhoons, hurricanes, tornadoes, and other such catastrophic climate events are more commonplace. Indeed, climate change has already become downright nasty. What we were told would not happen until much later is actually taking place right now.
Scientists and governments realize we have a great big problem and have started doing lots and lots of research into our 'Arctic air conditioner'. Experts were sent to view the problem, Dr Shakhova & Dr Semiletov on board, and told to report back their findings.
The air conditioning experts that were sent to check on the problem were not invited to address the Royal Society event to report back, nor to even discuss the air conditioner break down. To be fair, some of them were called upon, including Professor Peter Wadhams (although other significant issues arose to do with Prof Wadhams too). However, the only reporting scientists who were called upon to report on the problem were those same who have been using those same types of conservative computer modeling methods that have traditionally proved to be seriously behind the time actual timeline followed by the Arctic ice.
Clearly it is has been safe to say for years now that those computer modeling methods are more conservative than accurate, and are now in fact far and away off the mark of accuracy. Even a non-scientist can clearly see there is a deeply serious divide between the predictions of conservative models and the dramatic melting events of current days.
The Royal Society plans a 'communicative' conference on Arctic sea-ice and leaves out experts recently returned from a life-threatening expedition specifically to review the problem. Meanwhile, others in comfortable office chairs merely crunch data for help guessing at possible problem scenarios. To whom would you listen? Would you trust just one expert or would you call on as many experts as possible to pool resources? Do you feel safe just listening to one side of the story without real-world observations, data, and discussion being included?
Imagine for a minute that you are Shakhova and her colleagues. You have been sent to view and report back on the broken air conditioner. You have observed rapid and almost unbelievable changes taking place on your expeditions. It is falling apart and leaking methane. You know that methane is many times more potent and powerful than carbon dioxide and can cause way more damage to the earth if lots of it are coming out. In fact, you have not seen such massive changes before on numerous previous expeditions. You are deeply concerned and really need to let others involved with the 'Arctic air conditioner' know what you have seen.
But, when a chance to talk about your data and observations comes up, you are not invited. The very important meeting goes on without you and nothing that you have seen, documented, and observed will become public knowledge. You are stunned by this snub. You want to be able to tell them and therefore the world what is going on. You want to get this information out so that they will let others know what is happening to our 'Arctic air conditioner' and the symptoms that its melt are causing.
We are pleased that the Royal Society recognizes the value of Arctic science and hosted an important scientific meeting last week, organised by Dr D. Feltham, Dr S. Bacon, Dr M. Brandon, and Professor Emeritus J. Hunt (https://royalsociety.org/events/2014/arctic-sea-ice/).
Our colleagues and we have been studying the East Siberian Arctic Shelf (ESAS) for more than 20 years and have detailed observational knowledge of changes occurring in this region, as documented by publications in leading journals such as Science, Nature, and Nature Geosciences. During these years, we performed more than 20 all-seasonal expeditions that allowed us to accumulate a large and comprehensive data set consisting of hydrological, biogeochemical, and geophysical data and providing a quality of coverage that is hard to achieve, even in more accessible areas of the World Ocean.
To date, we are the only scientists to have long-term observational data on methane in the ESAS. Despite peculiarities in regulation that limit access of foreign scientists to the Russian Exclusive Economic Zone, where the ESAS is located, over the years we have welcomed scientists from Sweden, the USA, The Netherlands, the UK, and other countries to work alongside us. A large international expedition performed in 2008 (ISSS-2008) was recognized as the best biogeochemical study of the IPY (2007-2008). The knowledge and experience we accumulated throughout these years of work laid the basis for an extensive Russian-Swedish expedition onboard I/B ODEN (SWERUS-3) that allowed more than 80 scientists from all over the world to collect more data from this unique area. The expedition was successfully concluded just a few days ago.
In addition, we would like to highlight the Anglo-American bias in the speaker list. It is worrisome that Russian scientific knowledge was missing, and therefore marginalized, despite a long history of outstanding Russian contributions to Arctic science. Being Russian scientists, we believe that prejudice against Russian science is currently growing due to political disagreements with the actions of the Russian government. This restricts our access to international scientific journals, which have become exceptionally demanding when it comes to publication of our work compared to the work of others on similar topics. We realize that the results of our work may interfere with the crucial interests of some powerful agencies and institutions; however, we believe that it was not the intent of the Royal Society to allow political considerations to override scientific integrity.
We understand that there can be scientific debate on this crucial topic as it relates to climate. However, it is biased to present only one side of the debate, the side based on theoretical assumptions and modelling. In our opinion, it was unfair to prevent us from presenting our more-than-decadal data, given that more than 200 scientists were invited to participate in debates. Furthermore, we are concerned that the Royal Society proceedings from this scientific meeting will be unbalanced to an unacceptable degree (which is what has happened on social media).
Consequently, we formally request the equal opportunity to present our data before you and other participants of this Royal Society meeting on the Arctic and that you as organizers refrain from producing any official proceedings before we are allowed to speak.
In the meantime, we wait with anticipation to see what the U.K. Royal Society's response will be, and if we will be able to hear of Shakhova and Semiletov's latest data and observations on the state of the Arctic. I, for one, would like to know everything about how the 'Arctic air conditioner' is really doing; wouldn't you?
Many thanks to Julian Warmington, Associate Professor at BUFS, Busan University of Foreign Studies, for editing this news report.
Methane levels as high as 2562 ppb were recorded on October 9, 2014, as illustrated by the image below.
Many grey areas show up in the image where QC (quality control) failed, as it was too hard to read methane levels in the respective area, apparently due to high moisture levels (i.e. snow, rain or water vapor) in the atmosphere.
As above image illustrates, cloud cover is high over the Arctic, while there is also precipatation in the form of snowfall.
In other words, high levels of methane (above 1950 ppb, colored yellow) could be present over a much larger part of the Arctic Ocean, while methane in these grey areas could be even higher than the measured peak level of 2456 ppb.
This appears to be confirmed by persistent high methane levels over vast areas across the Arctic Ocean both in the morning (top part of the image further above) and in the afternoon (bottom part of image) on 9 October 2014.
The Gulf Stream keeps pushing warm water into the Arctic Ocean.
The resulting eruptions of methane from the seafloor of the Arctic Ocean constitute a feedback that accelerates warming in the Arctic.
As the Arctic warms up more rapidly than the rest of Earth, the Arctic's ice and snow cover will decline, further accelerating warming in the Arctic.
As the Arctic warms up more rapidly than the rest of Earth, the speed at which jet streams circumnavigates the Northern Hemisphere will weaken, making it meander more, resulting in a greater frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as heat waves, droughts and wildfires.
Here's an example of intense warming. Look at what is currently happening on Greenland.
As the image above right shows, sea surface temperature anomalies as high as +1.89°C hit the North Atlantic (on October 8, 2014).
Furthermore, high cloud cover over the Arctic (image further above) makes it hard for the heat there to radiate out into space, further contributing to high temperature anomalies.
The image on the right shows high temperature anomalies over Greenland and parts of the Arctic Ocean on October 11, 2014. Note that anomalies are averaged out over the course of the day (and night).
The image below (right) shows anomalies at the top end of the scale hitting large parts of Greenland at a specific time during this day. The left part of the image below shows how this could happen, i.e. jet streams curling around Greenland trapping warm air inflow from the North Atlantic.
As said, as the Arctic warms up more rapidly than the rest of Earth, the speed at which jet streams circumnavigate the Northern Hemisphere will weaken, making the jets meander more and creating patterns that can trap heat (or cold) for a number of days over a given area. Due to the height of its mountains, Greenland is particularly prone to be increasingly hit by heatwaves resulting from such blocking patterns. Warming changes the texture of snow and ice, making it more slushy and darker, which also makes that it absorbs more of the sunlight's heat, further accelerating melting.
As Paul Beckwith warns in an earlier post, melt rates on Greenland have doubled in the last 4 to 5 years, and melt rates on the Antarctica Peninsula have increased even faster. Based on the last several decades, melt rates have had a doubling period of around 7 years or so. If this trend continues, we can expect a sea level rise approaching 7 meters by 2070.
These are all indications that the pace of climate change is accelerating in many ways, the most dangerous one being ever larger methane eruptions from the Arctic Ocean's seafloor. As the image below shows, sea surface temperature anomalies are very high in the Arctic Ocean, indicating very high temperatures under the surface.
The situation is dire and calls for comprehensive and effective action, as discussed at the Climate Plan blog.
Above combination-image illustrates some of the wild temperature swings that are taking place on the Northern Hemisphere. While the average temperature anomaly on the Northern Hemisphere may not differ much between the two dates (+0.95°C versus +1.07°C), huge temperature swings can occur locally, as is the case in Greenland.
Note that the overall temperature anomaly for the Arctic is +2.16°C and +3.34°C, respectively, but it can be much more locally. What contributes to these high temperatures in the Arctic is that heat from the Arctic Ocean is entering the atmosphere where there still is open water, while large emissions of methane from the seafloor of the Arctic Ocean are exercizing their high immediate local warming potential.
On the Southern Hemisphere, things aren't much different, as illustrated by the combination-image below.
The two images show that, while the average anomaly for the Southern Hemisphere and for the Antarctic may not differ much between the two dates, temperature anomalies locally may go from one end of the scale to the other.
And it's not merely temperatures that seem to have gone wild. Winds have strengthened, which can push sea ice far out into the sea surrounding Antarctica, while the resulting open water quickly freezes over. The result is expanding sea ice that traps heat in the ocean, as discussed in an earlier post. It appears that much of the extra energy trapped by greenhouse gasses becomes manifest as kinetic energy, in the form of stronger winds, storms and ocean currents.
In conclusion, these huge temperature swings combine with pressure swings and storms, and with swings between expansion and contraction of soil and ice, resulting in severe shocks to ecosystems and infrastructure.
The threat is that infrastructure will increasingly come under stress. Infrastructure that was built up over hundreds, if not thousands of years, is not easily replaced with more durable alternatives. Parts of infrastructure such as roads, buildings, railways, storm water and drainage systems, water supply, dams, levees and power poles may collapse without much scope for repair.
Furthermore, soil degradation will increase, as in some areas storms grow stronger and run-off causes more erosion, while other areas may be hit by more severe droughts and dust-storms. In both cases, ecosystems will suffer and can go into shock, bringing food supply and habitat progressively and possibly abruptly under threat.
As more and deeper cracks and fractures appear in sediments and soils, more methane may start entering the atmosphere. Indications that the integrity of the permafrost is breaking up under the stress of such swings were discussed in earlier posts such as this one and this one. The extra methane can constitute a powerful additional feedback loop, causing strong additional warming locally.
- What's wrong with the weather?
- Is Global Warming breaking up the Integrity of the Permafrost?
The combined average temperature across global land and ocean surfaces for August 2014 was record high for the month, at 0.75°C (1.35°F) above the 20th century average of 15.6°C (60.1°F).
June–August 2014, at 0.71°C (1.28°F) higher than the 20th century average, was the warmest such period across global land and ocean surfaces since record keeping began in 1880.
The August global sea surface temperature (SST) was 0.65°C (1.17°F) above the 20th century average of 16.4°C (61.4°F). This record high departure from average not only beats the previous August record set in 2005 by 0.08°C (0.14°F), but also beats the previous all-time record set just two months ago in June 2014 by 0.03°C (0.05°F).
The June–August global ocean surface temperature was 0.63°C (1.13°F) above the 20th century average, the highest on record for June–August. This beats the previous record set in 2009 by 0.04°C (0.07°F).
This was the warmest August on record, primarily due to very high Sea Surface Temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere.
There is no El Nino event in this period, but some sort of event - hopefully an event not a climate shift - is taking place. If this is an event, the situation will become more normal when it ends, which will be in less than a years time at worst. If it is a climate shift, we are in desperate trouble, though I think it is an event.
It is worth noting that these very high Sea Surface Temperatures are likely to lead to high land temperatures soon, as normally land temperatures in the Northern hemisphere can be expected to exceed Sea Surface Temperatures.
The drought affecting California and the whole of the west of North America, Central America, and large parts of the Brazilian rainforest, though preceding this event was almost certainly down to changes which started before this event but ultimately caused it.
Despite the record high combined average temperature across global land and ocean surfaces for August, the global economy will continue as normal and no specific action can be expected to be taken to curb emissions. This will change, if global temperatures continue to rise. Temperatures are high enough to cause global concern, however. More later.
Note: NOAA's most recent (Sep 4, 2014) prediction puts the chance of El Niño at 60-65% during the Northern Hemisphere fall and winter.
Sea surface temperatures (SST) can be expected to remain high in the Arctic Ocean, as SST anomalies are high in the North Atlantic (+1.65°C, image left) and high temperatures are forecast over the Arctic for at least the next seven days (anomalies as high as +2.87°C, image right). For a comparison with October 3 temperatures, see this earlier post.
Additionally, an increasing amount of heat has been going into the deeper parts of the ocean, and the Gulf Stream will for month to come continue to transport water into the Arctic Ocean, and this water will be warmer than the water already there, threatening to unleash ever larger eruptions of methane from the seafloor of the Arctic Ocean, as discussed in this earlier post.
In conclusion, the situation is dire and calls for comprehensive and effective action, as discussed at the Climate Plan blog.
- NOAA National Climatic Data Center, State of the Climate: Global Analysis for August 2014.
The presence of GHGs (greenhouse gases) in the atmosphere is vital to sustain life on our planet. These GHGs trap heat and keep the global average surface temperature of the planet at about 15°C, versus a chilly -18°C, which would be our temperature without the GHGs.
We have changed the chemistry of the atmosphere, specifically of the concentrations of the GHGs. Concentrations of carbon dioxide have increased about 40% since the start of the industrial revolution (from a tight range between 180 to 280 ppm over at least the last million years) to 400 ppm. Concentrations of methane have increased by more than 2.5x since the start of the industrial revolution (from a tight range of 350 to 700 ppb) to over 1800 ppb. The additional heat trapped has warmed our planet by over 0.8°C over the last century, with most of that rise (0.6°C) occurring in the last 3 or 4 decades.
Over 90% of the heat trapped on the surface of the planet is increasing the temperature of the ocean water. The increased levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere acidify the rainfall, and have increased the acidity of the oceans by about 40% in the last 3 to 4 decades (pH of the open ocean has dropped from 8.2 down to 8.05 on the logarithmic scale). An increased drop to a pH of 7.8 will prevent calcium based shells from forming, and threaten the entire food chain of the ocean. Changes in ocean currents, and vertical temperature profiles are leading to more stratification and less overturning which is required to transport nutrients to the surface for phytoplankton to thrive.
Global sea levels are presently rising at a rate of 3.4 mm per year, compared to a rate of about 2 mm per year a few decades ago. Melt rates on Greenland have doubled in the last 4 to 5 years, and melt rates on the Antarctica Peninsula have increased even faster. Based on the last several decades, melt rates have had a doubling period of around 7 years or so. If this trend continues, we can expect a sea level rise approaching 7 meters by 2070.
Higher global average temperatures have increased the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere by about 4% over the last several decades, and around 6% since the start of the industrial revolution. Changes in heat distribution with latitude from uneven heating with latitude has slowed the jet streams and caused them to become wavier and fractured, and has changed the statistics of weather. We now have higher frequencies, intensities, and longer duration extreme weather events and also a change in location of where these events occur.
The sensitivity of the climate system to increased levels of GHG appears to be much higher than previously expected due to many powerful reinforcing feedbacks.
Arctic temperature amplification from exponentially declining sea ice and spring snow cover are the strongest feedbacks in our climate system today. The average albedo (reflectivity) of the Arctic region has decreased from 52% to a present day value of 48% over 3 or 4 decades. The increased absorption of energy in the Arctic has increased the temperature at high latitudes at rates up to 6 to 8x the global average temperature change. The reduced temperature difference between the Arctic and equator has reduced the west to east speed of the jet streams causing them to slow and become wavier and more fractured, and directly causing a large change in the statistics of our global weather.
Methane gas emissions have been rapidly rising in the Arctic region from the terrestrial permafrost and the continental shelf marine sediments, most notably on the ESAS (Eastern Siberia Arctic Shelf). The extremely potent ability of methane to warm the planet (global warming potential GWP is >150, 86, and 34 times for methane relative to carbon dioxide on a few year, several decade, and century timescale, respectively) makes increased emissions an extremely dangerous risk to our well-being on the planet.
Our climate system is presently undergoing preliminary stages of abrupt climate change. If allowed to continue, the planet climate system is quite capable of undergoing an average global temperature increase of 5°C to 6°C over a decade or two. Precedence for changes at such a large rate can be found at numerous times in the paleo-records. From my chair, I conclude that it is vital that we slash greenhouse gas emissions and undergo a crash program of climate engineering to cool the Arctic region and keep the methane in place in the permafrost and ocean sediments.
Paul Beckwith is part-time professor with the laboratory for paleoclimatology and climatology, department of geography, University of Ottawa. Paul teaches climatology/meteorology and does PhD research on 'Abrupt climate change in the past and present'. Paul holds an M.Sc. in laser physics and a B.Eng. in engineering physics and reached the rank of chess master in a previous life. Click here to view Paul's earlier posts at the Arctic-news blog.


text:
ACCELERATING TRADE DIGITALIZATION TO SUPPORT MSME FINANCING
Micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) are the backbone of the economy, representing 95 per cent of all companies worldwide and accounting for 60 per cent of employment. They are fundamental to the day-to-day provision of goods and services around the world. Yet many struggle to grow and trade. Among the many challenges that MSMEs face, a lack of access to finance, including trade finance, is frequently identified as a critical barrier to growth.
Digital technologies, from cloud computing to application programming interfaces, to the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and distributed ledger technologies, open up a range of new opportunities for MSMEs.
The technology is there, making interesting promises. According to the ICC Global Survey 2020, 28 percent of banks are using OCR for data extraction and creating searchable documents.
OCR is also being used by various FinTech companies active in the trade digitalisation space, often in conjunction with other digital technologies, in particular AI and ML.
Traydstream is a cloud-based solution that digitises documentary trade (letters of credit, documentary collections and open account financing) into a machine-readable format, using ML to automate the scrutinising, clause-matching and rules- and compliance-checking processes.
< View all News

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


@foleyjo, what frame limiter value you would expect?
If possible I'd like to see the effect I get with a limit of 40 or 45.
Does anyone mind posting an idiots guide to getting the 2 player option to work please? Couldn't for the life in me get it working on 2 S2's for Tekken 3. If one person selected 1 player and the other 2 (and both on the same server), player 1 can't select vs. option, but player 2 could. Swapping around made no difference. Googling how to set it up shows up nothing.
If someone could please let me know would be great!!!
The icon making option is definitely not working for me either. Maybe I could uninstall fpse and download again? Would I lose all the data too?
I am seeing an issue where if I try to change the framelimiter level while using the opengl plugin, fpse crashes. This does not happen in 2D mode, only when using the opengl plugin.
In psx emulation do you think is more important to have a cpu that is strong on integer operations or in floating point operations?
I ask this because I'm going to upgrade phone and my decision is based also on how it runs well fpse.
first FPse is able to run well on a 1ghz processor, like the xperia play which is able to run all games at full speed in software mode without frameskipping (except perhaps tekken3 which need frameskip).
After , all devices have good things and bad things , for example, take the Nexus 4, very powerfull cpu, but the gpu is not very well optimized, it's surely because of slow SDram i suppose. So in Softmode you'll get full speed and more, while in opengl, you'll get mid speed compare to a Galaxy SIII... hopefully frameskipping does its job.
Now it's up to you, i can tell you that if you want a phone mainly to play, take the Xperia play, even is screen is old now, the hardware is still impressive.
First of all, sorry if i am breaking any rules by posting an help request here.
I am experiencing some issues i cannot explain or fix even after browing this forum and xda in the last few days.
I am actually playing Final Fantasy VII on my Galaxy Nexus with the 0.11.69 bought in the Play Store. Since the first run i noticed this gray screen on FMVs, but after playing with the settings and discover the OpenGL options, i don't know how, but i fixed it and improved the game quality.
This until the next launch of FPse, these settings were totally gone.
Could the problem be solved by enabling the 60 FPS Framelimiter? Which i cannot enable it, it keeps on stay "auto" when the game is running AND after clicking "back" to return to the previous menu, it shows the cheats menu.. (Bug?), otherwise if i enable it when the game is not running it ends in crash(restart?) the App.
I also tried Low profile and 1-5 Priority.
Thanks everyone who will help to solve my problem!
Thanks a lot for the detailed reply.
My current device in on par with xperia play so I'm searching something better that lets me play all games in opengl mode with max settings.
It's strange that nexus 4 with the best cpu and gpu available in the android world is worse than galaxy s3, s4 pro doubled the ram bandwich compared to adreno 225 soc. However I know nexus 4 is very bad optimized and benchmark scores are worse when compared to similar specs devices like optimus G or padfone 2.
A dual core krait with adreno 225 gives similar results? games are unplayable with opengl and no frameskip?
Any tips for playing 2 player mode? I ask because when using it, even though it looks like we are playing Tekken 3 together, in fact i or player 2 would win and the other player is still playing!! It really did not work very well at all. Sometimes i was done, already selecting a player for the next game, and player 2 is still playing the old game (with my character laying on the floor!). There's obviously something up with syncing both phones. Any help?
I would seriously consider fixing some of these problems before adding even more features, as at the moment none of the new features (fast forward, creating short cuts, and now the 2 player mode) work well or even at all.


text:
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Q: How to Change User Control to Another User Control in UltraTab? UltraTabControl in the Form. UltraTabControl has several Tabs. Each tab assigns each TabPageControl. Each TabPageControl was added using Form Designer.
Each page has a User Control assigned to it. In User Control called A, I want to open User Control called B, using a function.
I tried, but B does not open and stays at A.
Below is the code I tried.
Function in From,
public void Open_B()
    {
        uTabMain.SelectedTab = uTabMain.Tabs["B"];
        customArgs = new ItemEventArgs(uExplorerBar.Groups[9].Items["B"]);
        uExplorerBar_ItemClick(uExplorerBar, customArgs);
    }

Use Function in A,
Form.Open_B();

What should I do?
I am sorry that my English is not good.

A: Hard to understand what you want.
To change Tabs for infragistics--
In VB:
 Me.uTabMain.Tabs("B").Selected = True

Ill correct this part but I think C# would be
Me.uTabMain.Tabs["B"].Selected = True;

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


A memory group for moms.
I'm so glad you all picked this book! I'd decided to memorize 1 John some years ago and never made it past chapter 1:7 (I should have realized how easy the next few verses were and finished the chapter!). Now I'm about half done chapter 2--still working on verses 11-20.
Thank you so much for starting this group! What a great idea! I memorized James in my teens...a wonderful book!
If you haven't started yet, you still can! and don't forget to review frequently!
hey everyone! I'm excited about memorizing with you all! I used to be a part of a memory group back in college where we memorized the book of James. It was great fun! We all worked at our own pace, but we would quiz each other frequently.


text:
Amin Abou Rashed
A report by the NEFA Foundation identifies Mr. Amin Abou Rashed as a part of the now defunct Al-Aqsa Foundation in the Netherlands as well as a leader in a Palestinian advocacy group:
Another former member of the Foundation al-Aqsa recently surfaced in a court case in the United States. In the U.S. government's prosecution of the Holy Land Foundation, a Texas-based charity charged with funding HAMAS, an exhibit provided a description of the HAMAS support network in Europe. The writer of the document was Amin Abou Ibrahim of the Foundation al-Aqsa in Rotterdam. Since the de facto closure of Foundation al-Aqsa, Amin Abou Ibrahim, whose real name is Amin Rashid, moved on to the Foundation Palestinian Platform for Human Rights and Solidarity (PPMS). This organization was created at the end of 2005 and is by far the most active and most vocal mouthpiece for the Palestinian cause in the Netherlands. Amin Rashid was recently described in the Dutch press as being the chairman of the PPMS, although on the Arabic language website of the organization he is mentioned as being the director. A recent change in the foundation's board left the chairmanship open.
According to another NEFA Foundation report, the Al-Aqsa Foundation Netherlands was formerly the Dutch member organization of the Union of Good, a word wide coalition of charities raising funds for Hamas and head by Global Muslim Brotherhood leader Youssef Qaradawi. In June 2011, a Dutch newspaper published a photograph appearing to show Abou-Rashed as part of a group that included Qaradawi.
Abou-Rashed was also one of the chief organizers of the 2010 Gaza flotilla and was detained by Israeli authorities in connection with that affair. Various sources also identify Mr. Rashed as a founding member of the European Campaign To End the Siege on Gaza, a part of Gaza flotilla movement and chief sponsor of the abortive 2nd Gaza Flotilla.
In January 2013, Israel designated Amin Ghazi Abu Rashed as part of Hamas in Europe.
Our companion site
The Global Muslim Brotherhood Research Center
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The Standard Hotel: Dogs Stay For Free!


Client approached me looking for a Christmas gift. They were lovely to work with, prompt with communication, really helpful with concept art, and really positive and constructive. The sculpture turned out pretty neat as a model, and the 3d print process worked perfectly!


If you are looking to purchase a home you may be confused by the overwhelming multitude of terminology and acronyms that exist in the world of real estate. When it comes to HOAs, POAs, and COAs, it is important to understand the difference. Although they are sometimes used interchangeably, this is actually a mistake as there is a significant difference between the three and how they function.
A homeowners association is usually comprised of a group of similar homes and residences along with the common areas and property that is shared by the community as a whole. HOAs usually conform to a strict set of regulations, and requires all residents to likewise adhere to these regulations. Rules regarding anything from appearance of homes to number and type of pet are established to improve the quality of life of all of the residents. The aim of the HOA is to create a beautiful and comfortable community that helps to raise overall property values in the neighborhood. Although these rules can seem quite strict, they are agreed to and usually appreciated by the members of the community as they dramatically increase the desirability of the area. Members of an HOA can expect their fees to assist in the upkeep of pools or other common amenities, as well as opportunities to connect with other homeowners.
A COA is specific to owners of condominiums. Owners that are a part of these associations own their specific condominium and then share the ownership of the grounds and the building among other condominium owners.
Members of a COA can expect their fees to go towards the basic maintenance and repairs on the property as well as the care of any common areas such as the upkeep of lawns and snow removal.
The biggest difference between a POA and COAs or HOAs is its primary function and goals. Whereas the focus of an HOA is entirely residential, a POA can govern multiple types of property such as residential and business. The goal of a POA is to improve an entire area, neighborhood, or even an entire town. POAs can implement zoning restrictions, undertake development projects, and beautify community areas. POAs often focus their attention more on the overall health of the community by engaging in plans to develop businesses and increase property values across a large area.
If you are purchasing a home, you may actually find that a home is part of an HOA and a POA. It is helpful to ask if this is the case before purchasing the home and if there are any additional fees.
POAs, HOAs, and COAs can be extremely beneficial. If you are looking for a home, considering one that is part of one of these associations can ensure that you live in a community that is well-loved by all of its residents and will be sure to gain in value.


text:
Tobacco Growers Guide
Thinking Outside the Cigarette
June 29, 2016	| speccomm
By Chris Trlica
The meteoric rise of genetic engineering technology, combined with tobacco's relatively easy cultivation and propensity to flower, has launched tobacco into the spotlight as one of the most common plants for engineers to study and manipulate.
Thanks to researchers, some tobacco plants can glow, others can have their flowering started or stopped with laser light, and some plants can even produce chemicals far afield from nicotine. These new uses bring hope to tobacco growers with established fields and growing practices who hope to continue producing tobacco well into the future—even as cigarette usage continues to decline.
As growers take time off from the field to ready their business for the spring, TFQ revisits four of the reasons growers may be producing their crop in years to come.
Flu Vaccines
The conventional design process for flu vaccines is fraught with many questions: Which influenza strains are most likely to hybridize? Which are most likely to spread and infect many people? How many doses will we need this flu season? These uncertainties are compounded by the time it takes to produce the vaccine. The standard flu vaccine manufacturing process involves injecting bits of the flu into chicken eggs. With this method, it may take more than six months to produce a finished dose of vaccine.
A quicker, more efficient method of flu vaccine production would be a global health breakthrough. Enter tobacco. Biotech company Medicago has found a way to inject flu particles into tobacco plants and hijack the plant's cellular machinery, causing the tobacco plant to replicate those injected flu particles. Instead of six months to produce a vaccine, the tobacco plants can manage the feat in less than one.
The Medicago vaccines are in the early stages of the long road of Food and Drug Administration approval—and may not meet final approval until the end of the
decade. But initial results are promising, and if all goes well, the heart of world flu vaccine production may emerge alongside the heart of American flue-cured production.
Squalene
The demand for squalene, a molecule produced in small amounts by all plants and animals, has increased dramatically in recent years because of its usefulness in several industries. As a natural moisturizer, it is often used as an ingredient in cosmetics and personal health products. It's also often added to vaccines to maximize the immune system's response to the vaccine. And there are numerous claims of assorted health benefits attributed to squalene, from antioxidant properties to fighting cancer.
While squalene is typically just a trace constituent in animal and plant tissues, it is particularly concentrated in shark livers—squalene gives sharks their buoyancy. As sharks began to be hunted as a valuable squalene source, ecologists began to worry about overfishing. As apex predators, sharks maintain the balance of ocean life. Removing too many of them could send the whole ocean into a tailspin. To keep sharks in the ocean where they belong, researchers looked for cheaper,
easier-to-produce sources.
Thanks to U.S. growers' widespread expertise, equipment and infrastructure, tobacco was an obvious choice. Today, a company called SynShark is partnering with North Carolina growers to test the viability of squalene production
using genetically modified tobacco. With year one of field trials drawing to a close, scientists are that much
closer to determining which
tobacco variety will yield the most vigorous and abundant
squalene-packed growth.
By now, anybody familiar with the tobacco product industry is aware that electronic cigarettes, referred to as
e-cigarettes, e-cigs, vapor products and electronic nicotine delivery
systems, are battery-powered devices that heat up a nicotine cartridge just enough to vaporize the drug without actually burning anything. Because the user is inhaling a relatively pure vapor of nicotine rather than the infamously damaging smoke of a traditional cigarette, the perception exists that using vapor products is markedly less harmful than smoking combustible cigarettes.
Vapor products haven't been around for long, and little is known about their health effects. Still, many manufacturers tout them as the ultimate tobacco harm reduction tool. While rigorous studies are lacking, several small-scale studies seem to support that, while not safe, vapor products may be less damaging. Meanwhile, smokers are quickly turning into
"vapers" in the U.S. and abroad.
The effects of vapor products on tobacco growers are difficult to predict. Because manufacturers still await substantial regulation, ingredients aren't always listed and precise information about vapor product makeup isn't clear. Depending on regulations that emerge, tobacco growers could stand to benefit from the rise of vapor products. But if vapers replace cigarette smokers at high rates, especially in strong overseas markets, there could be negative effects for tobacco growers.
It's a sign found posted on gas pumps across the United States: "May contain up to 10 percent ethanol."
Ethanol can be used as a fuel all on its own, but, in part because the federal government has subsidized ethanol production for years, the fuel has been integrated into the market in a form blended with gasoline.
Ethanol can be produced from any source of sugar, but corn is the conventional go-to sugar source.
Desirable not only because of its high sugar content, corn is also inexpensive to grow and is produced efficiently by knowledgeable growers throughout the United States. The same set of traits that makes corn a good vegetable source of ethanol also applies to tobacco. Tobacco is a high-sugar plant that easily can be converted into ethanol by basic fermentation and
distillation techniques.
Biofuel industry members are now investigating tobacco on a large, but still experimental, scale to help meet increasing demand for ethanol. Tyton BioEnergy Systems, a Raeford, North Carolina, facility turning to tobacco for ethanol production, is currently partnering with North Carolina State University experts to define ideal growing practices for Tyton's proprietary tobacco. Field trials are still being conducted, but the industry is already experiencing positive results and high hopes for tobacco growers with established growing practices.
For tobacco growers, there are only upsides to the biofuel industry's growing interest in tobacco. Any increased demand would be strictly adding to, versus competing with, production for conventional tobacco companies. And tobacco production for fuels involves many of the same methods and equipment growers are used to.
« Fungus Control With a New Mode of Action
Mistaken Identity, Nonchemical tobacco plant injury »
© 2019 Tobacco Farm Quarterly Magazine. All rights reserved. Premium WordPress Themes.


I am happy to post another blog post on how to monitor your built-in endpoints of your Spring Boot application.
While i was checking my STS console my look peeped into area which is shown below.
After adding the above dependencies in pom.xml take a maven build with goals as clean install and run the spring boot application.
You will notice the above image in the console which gets rolled out.
Open a browser and hit the below ones.
If you get stuck, kindly comment below.
Ask me your questions/ doubt in quora.


text:
Dome Cinema Gisborne
Dome Calendar
POVERTY BAY BLUES NIGHT
Dates: First Tuesday of the month
The best in live music!
Come down on the first Tuesday of the month for the best selection of local music at the Poverty Bay Blues Night. Each month sees a new line-up of musicians giving us a taste of what they've got.
Doors open at 7pm, bands start 8pm. Just $5 on the door
Kendall Elise
Dates: Friday 25 Feb, 8pm
Rescheduled from last year Kendall is coming with her band to bring us her new album Let the Light In with support from Maorissey and Beth Torrance.
Tickets $15 from Aviary or online + booking fee from undertheradar.co.nz
Aotearoa's critically-acclaimed and intriguing story-teller, Kendall Elise, is back with a sensual new single, 'I Want'. The moody track is the third and final single to be released off her upcoming sophomore album, LET THE NIGHT IN.
With its trance-like pulse and minimalist arrangement, 'I Want' walks the line between wanting to express the dark side of lust and grappling with the internal fear of rejection.
With an impressive career to date, Kendall has toured with, and opened for the likes of Midge Marsden, Tami Neilson, Larkin Poe, Gin Wigmore and Bic Runga. In 2019, she released her debut album RED EARTH, which debuted at #12 in the NZ Music Album charts and earned Kendall a spot in the Top 3 finalists for the 2020 Recorded Music New Zealand Best Country Artist.
Ticket link
Absolute Bowie
Dates: Sat 5 March
Absolute Bowie Tribute is back!
This is a big KICK ASS 7 piece band playing BOWIE with complete authenticity and passion. 7 years of touring and playing the great songs of the one and only DAVID BOWIE. Join us for a wonderful night..... you'll never forget.
Tickets on sale now just $20
Absolute Bowie Band:
Roy Brown (Guv) .........Vocals / Piano.
Owen Vickers.............. Guitars / Vocals.
Emma Colt ... ...............Saxophones / Percussion.
Andrew Donnelly .... ...Bass / Vocals.
Kathryn Totty .... ..........Vocals / Percussion.
Andrew Gladstone.......Drums / Vocals.
Aaron Sankey...............Keyboards.
From Absolute Beginners , Heroes to Lazarus.
With special guests Lazy Fifty and The Pukes
LAZY FIFTY:
Lazy Fifty's music harks back to the classic rock of the 70s-funk, rocking rhythms, impressive guitar. A good old fashion 3 piece Rock N Roll band heading towards great things.
THE PUKES:
Play an amazing BOWIE set including songs by the artists he produced such as IGGY POP and LOU REED. Always a blast with Violin, Guitars and Bass.
Diablos Caravan
Dates: Friday 25 March
Diablos Caravan is an evening of virtuosic acoustic guitar performed by three of NZ's finest players on a huge 62 date nationwide summer tour. Featuring the talents of Doc Sanchez, Jimi Kara and Luke Flanders and joined by a host of guest guitarists as the tour winds its way around the country.
Its been a tough year for musicians, venues and events, so Diablos Caravan are bringing this world class show to as many regions of the country as possible this summer. A performance not to be missed! If you love acoustic guitar and supporting live music then please come join the Caravan for an unforgettable evening of original Flamenco, Blues, Latin Jazz and everything in between!
Motel California
Dates: Saturday 2nd April 2022
THIS GIG HAS BEEN RESCHEDULED TO APRIL 2nd 2022. YOUR TICKETS ARE VALID FOR THE NEW DATE. GO TO EVENTFINDA.CO.NZ IF YOU WANT TO SEEK A REFUND.
Thanks for your patience folks.
Welcome to the Motel California
You can check out anytime you like but you can never leave.......
Presales from $30+BF @eventfinda.co.nz or $30 cash sales from Aviary
FAR OUT FILMS
Dates: Last Tuesday of every month
FAR OUT! Film Night WILL BE BACK IN FEB 2022 - thanks for your patience.
(Check out our movies page for film details)
Introducing the Far Out Film nights at the Dome
Last Tuesday of the month - 6.30pm
Hand picked classic films that have stood the test of time. Left of centre, out on the fringe, always with substance and never boring. Many films may be unknown to some of our viewers, yet we hope you will come for an experience.
Expect the unexpected! $10 cash
Check out our movies page for monthly film details.


text:
Pie chart: how Pieminister is making this baked good hip again
The brand's latest retail range targets snacking and international flavours, but it also has big plans to tap into delivery and sweet variants.
bakerydeliveryNPDpackagingsnackingsupermarketsvegan
Australians love a pie all year round. It's a continuous craving, one that helped to inspire Pieminister's latest retail range.
With its internationally inspired patties, the brand wants to position the pie as an all-day snacking option.
"In the UK, we eat pies seasonally and sales are much quieter in summer. The Aussies will have them much more handheld and in garages and on the go, whereas we eat them on a plate and with mash and think it's a wintery thing," Pieminister co-founder Tristan Hogg tells Food Spark.
"We wanted something that could work better for us in the summer. We didn't want to do pasties or pork pies – things everyone already does well; we wanted to come up with something light and summery and came up with idea of patties."
Rolling out in Ocado this month, the four patties can be eaten hot or cold and come in flavours like Jerk Chook (free range chicken and beans) and Smokin' BBQ (pulled pork). There are also two vegan options: the Chana-Rama with spicy chickpea, spinach and potato,and the Holy Chipotle with black bean and chipotle.
The range will also be stocked in selected Sainsbury's stores nationwide at the start of July at an RRP of £2.50 for a two-pack.
"Over the years, we have come up with loads of different pie flavours and more ethnic flavours, but ultimately the bestsellers are more traditional ones," comments Hogg, though that didn't deter him from experimentation.
"The real skills are in the different flavours here and we wanted something we could play around with that was more fun and interesting. That's where the patties work well."
Street food trends drove the development of the fillings, but Hogg had quite a task whittling down the 50 flavours initially brainstormed. These options were put to 300 people for an internal vote and, later, a broader customer base to "verify" the ideas.
Though some of the most popular variants aren't part of the recent raft of products released – the team haven't yet managed to make a ricotta and spinach patty work, for example – the plan for continuous roll outs means they don't have to rush to perfect the recipe.
Hogg is already looking ahead to the launch of sweet patties, along with seasonal varieties, Asian and Mediterranean-inspired eats, and even a mince pie for Christmas.
"We are talking to various supermarkets and they are asking more about seasonally changeable stuff," he reveals.
Playing to the younger crowd
Veganism is a trend that is hard to ignore these days, but the aspect of it that particularly grabbed Hogg's attention as it appeals to its core demographic: 18 to 35-year-olds. Traditional pies tend to attract the over 50s.
By introducing a whole vegan menu to the restaurant side of the business, Hogg hoped to tackle the reasons why they aren't as keen on eating pie as older Brits.
"It's ethics but also dietary requirements," he comments."We have a gluten-free range and meat people can trust. When everyone else was struggling during 'horsegate,' our business got a spike."
He believes veganism is only going to get bigger as the quality and stability of products improve – Pieminister had struggled to use soy milk or cream previously because the flavour was too strong, but hit the jackpot when a manufacturer released a new product last year that worked perfectly in their pies.
Health and diet generally are having a massive influence on the pie scene, according to Hogg, who attributes this trend as contributing to the decline in sales of traditional versions.
He's also aware of the growing distaste for goods pre-packaged in plastic – a key driver behind the plastic-free wrapping for the new range.
The patties' packaging includes fully recyclable cardboard and a transparent outer layer made from wood pulp. It also bears a plastic-free logo from campaign group A Plastic Planet.
This format has also been rolled out across Pieminister's classic and gluten-free pies in store, while the gluten-free pasty has been rolled thicker to eliminate the need for a plastic tray.
Dark kitchens and insect experiments
Hogg's company has its fingers in many pies, including delivery.
"We are trying to get dark kitchens nationally to get foods into people's homes as well as our restaurants," he says.
Pieminister has 15 restaurants across London and in Bristol, with another three scheduled to open by the end of the financial year.
"We are going for simple pie-and-mash cafes... It's high quality, ethical food and service, but people can come in, eat and be out in 45 minutes," he explains. "We are looking at smaller sites, around 1,000 square feet. It's a massive advantage compared to other pie makers that sell in supermarkets as we have live billboards.
"I like to think people can really engage with us, unlike most of other food brands, which is really powerful."
Looking long term, Hogg has his eyes on current pie-in-the sky ideas like insects. He believes meat alternatives have to come storming in eventually, including British acceptance of bugs.
It's an arena Pieminister has already experimented with, creating The Hopper for British Pie Week last year. Consisting of crickets and black beans cooked in a tomato, chipotle chilli and sour cream sauce with fresh lime and coriander,it sold 5,000 servings and generated plenty of buzz.
On sale this January: CBD olive oils and Veganuary launches
10 big ideas in... Own label
Key stats in food-to-go
On sale this December: gluten-free Ginsters and Poundland ready meals
"Pie chart: how Pieminister is making this baked good hip again"


Team Generating is almost the best generic term that is used for simultaneously morale building strategies additionally efficiency building strategies interchangeable, but if you confuse both strategies, you may make a few expensive errors. Morale building strategies include such a thing off venturing out inside the best movie together inside excellent office vacation party inside entertainment style strategies at yearly conferences ans conventions. Such strategies create the best shared-experience it develops short-term camaraderie and offers an enjoyable relief towards the normal daily rat-race. Efficiency building strategies tend to be knowledge activities or even innovations it help in teams do most at lower. But user will most likely phone these two types of strategies team building events, the actions themselves buy many different outcome. Simultaneously are essential to create a team customs, but quite often, supervisors additionally leaders will help you to schedule any type of task hoping to have some sort of recommended be a consequence of the other type of task and become sorely disappointed.
At choice towards morale creating strategies, a team additionally needs to create newer expertise to keep them effective. Several years back, the best mentor to mine explained that You can't build a team simply by training men and women, but you can build a team simply by training men and women together. I didnt completely discover the effectiveness of these suggestions till I started out my very own company, then again i am aware it more and more as our providers grows and grows. For instance, lots of gigantic companies come with tuition support to higher rate levels for their staff members, then again exactly what frequently takes place is the fact that a business will certainly invest a ton of funding to the development of a worker simply to need the individual allow the company and start employed by the best competitor. This One is really because the person staff members keeps growing, however the group as a whole is actually stagnant.
A well-conceived then executed team building events show can easily unify your very own group, help them read their teammates in an alternate atmosphere, appreciate one another most, augment task satisfaction because you have always been providing them with anything important. Whatever extra, you're purchasing them. That subsequently brings most effective staff members back into your property base, then creates duty a happier put.
Learn to believe creatively. In todays economy everyone has to figure out how to do additional at less. What are the results when we have actually short means? Just how do short means effect the relationships and/or integrity? Not to exclusively survive, nevertheless flourish we need to do items differently to have greater outcomes. Going back to the New York team building task we delivered, individuals received a few innovative challenges and/or problem fixing activities. What they noticed ended up being simply because weve continuously done that it like that, doesnt suggest its the way in which we ought to continue doing that it. In place of interested in whats not working ask whats viable. Our releases imagination and/or appeals to those that worry and they are dedicated to making it happen.
Once they are divided into lesser groups the power based competitors competition to solve clues in which profit them components towards the bicycle. They desire their group to finish very first. However, fixing on clues needs collaboration one of the groups, therefore making minor confusion. Those who find themselves ready to duty cooperatively along with other groups finish in front of those who will not services people by just permitting their competition to rule.
At that the shut associated with the show, participants give a few of his or her findings about the cluster suffer from. Within conversation they begin to observe how affiliative, convenient conduct are validated when inside rival becomes counterproductive.
Surprisingly adequate, the sort of psychological response doesnt really matter up to the clear presence of each emotion. For instance, within the charity team building show mentioned previously, each providing associated with the bicycle towards the family at the conclusion associated with the show creates a remarkably psychological furthermore unforgettable ending towards the show. But often each emotion your facilitators are attempting to produce is pure rival. A race as the best contest can add on power to an event. Although, this is complicated due to the fact rival among teammates can frequently hamper team building versus generating teamwork. Occasionally, anger furthermore frustration increases the energy inside the best surprisingly good means. For instance, in some group activities, the guidelines are not continuously recognized to any participant whilst teams continue attempting and never being successful, each frustration builds. But Simply like most challenging puzzle, the moment its conquered, a sense of pride furthermore satisfaction replaces each frustration.


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The last leg of winter has arrived and spring is nearly here! I would like to add a note of warning with regards to this tip. It is not actually advisable to saturate carpets as this can lead to the backing to rot and could also give rise to damp and mildew forming inside the carpet. Right after soaking make certain that as much excess moisture as feasible is removed. This can be completed by utilizing clean white towels (not coloured as the dye can transfer) or paper towels.
Linoleum need to also not be cleaned using quite hot water, abrasives or with wax- or solvent-based products. Instead, clean the floors routinely with a dry or damp mop. If a house cleaning tips uk resolution is necessary, diluted ammonia or white vinegar can be utilized sparingly.
If you do not have a stress washer and a snow foam lance, Gtechniq's professional recommends spraying the vehicle more than with a typical cleaner. If you have a stress washer (don't forget when employing, never stand too close as you may trigger harm to the paintwork), apply snow foam to the complete automobile from leading to bottom in an even coating. The cleaners and foams come with citrus oils that additional assist remove dirt and grime from the bodywork. If you liked this article and you simply would like to acquire more info with regards to Resource kindly visit our own website. Rinse the foam and cleaner away with water.
Apply white vinegar to recalcitrant stains. If a stain is giving you difficulty with typical methods, apply a modest quantity of vinegar with a soft rag or towel. Let it dry and then agitate with a suede brush. This can also be a good method for acquiring rid of salt lines.
Clean up your tiles. Ahead of obtaining down and scrubbing your grout, you need to do a basic after-more than with your preferred cleaner. If you cleaning tips and tricks uk floor cleaning tips and tricks grout, sweep and mop. For bathroom and kitchen counter grout, spray, and wipe it down with your favored cleaner.
If you do not have a pressure washer and a snow foam lance, Gtechniq's specialist recommends spraying the car over with a typical cleaner. If you have a stress washer (don't forget when making use of, never stand too close as you may possibly result in damage to the paintwork), apply snow foam to the entire automobile from prime to bottom in an even coating. The cleaners and foams come with citrus oils that further assist take away dirt and grime from the bodywork. Rinse the foam and cleaner away with water.
two) Often use the MOLLY MAID technique of cleaning for the quickest, most effective way to clean your property. Clean from the leading level of your property to the bottom in every single space, clean from best to bottom, beginning on the left and moving right.
Scrub down - For washing, place your blinds in the tub, spray them down with the shower head, apply some baking soda and use a clean toilet brush to give them a excellent scrub. Then rinse and replace them. When you've effectively ready your rooms for cleaning, you can start setting up your Rug Physician machine.
In the case that your carpet is not colorfast do a light cleaning but stay away from receiving your carpet wet or making use of chemical cleaners on it. Do not use warm water or a steam cleaner to clean up urine stains. The heat will set the stain. 8) Wash vases in hot soapy water, or update your collection with some new ones, then fill your residence with tulips, crocuses or daffodils for an immediate lift.
Soak the area affected with water initial and then try a fabric cleaner pen (like Tide To Go or one thing comparable). If that doesn't get rid of it, then soak that region of the mattress in a tub of soapy water (making use of dish soap may possibly assist, or a small amount of laundry detergent).
As you start off to get a lot more consumers, you will be able to hire more component time help. At some point you will be able to quit carrying out the cleaning your self and just run the company finish, which is the only way you will be in a position to grow your company.
Our working environment provides an perfect breeding ground for microbes (bacteria, fungi and viruses). But then, it is hardly surprising. The temperature is warm and the air conditioning moistens and circulates the dead skin flakes, sweat, viruses, dust-mite faecal matter and other delectable airborne microbes we either bring in from outside or create indoors. They are then haplessly left adorning such office products as door handles, photocopiers, keyboards and water fountains as we invest our functioning day touching, spitting (not in the purposeful sense, but by means of, say, sneezing or over zealous reactions to the position of the FTSE one hundred) and sharing our pots of new fruit-flavoured lip balm with our colleagues. Whether or not the workplace appears clean or not, we nonetheless all go down with the flu at the identical time.


Siegel and his colleagues were able to negotiate the ransom amount down by 80% over 36 hours, helping the company facilitate.
No claims & multi car. RAC offer car insurance via a panel of insurers. Car insurance is not all about price. Getting the right cover is the most important thing, and then you should look for the No, it is a legal requirement to have at least third party car insurance cover to drive in the UK.
Time limits for insurance claims are usually determined by your state's statute of limitations. This amount of time can vary from state to state, but If you wait until the end of the limitations period to file an insurance claim, there will be no remaining period of time to continue the action to a lawsuit if.
Many car insurance claims are processed quickly, and you may be able to start the repair process for your own vehicle within a few days after the event occurs. However, some people prefer to wait to file a claim. For example, you must pay your insurance deductible each time you file a claim against.
Road traffic accident claims; Car. Personal Injury Time Limit. however the law relating to time limits for personal injury claims relating to historic.
Dealing with car insurance companies can feel like a nightmare, and it's difficult to strike the balance between calling too soon and calling too late. The Department of Motor Vehicles notes that there is a time limit on filing a car insurance claim and getting it settled, but the definition – and time limit.
Time Limit to Report Car Insurance Claims. Everyone has lost important documents or meaningful photos from time to time. When you lose a police report or photos from your accident, however, this can affect the likelihood of your claim being settled in your favor.
Is there a time limit to make a claim?. How long should it take for an insurer to reply to. to investigate the claim and liability. If the insurance company.
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Richard Leonard, Head of Road Safety at Highways England, says: "If you get too close to the car in front, you won't be able to react and stop in time if. One insurance company reports that almost.
Whether it's because you're abroad and misbehaving or you just haven't had time. 80 percent tax rate, according to France'.
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If your car is damaged in an accident, chances are you won't wait long to file a claim with your insurance company. Sometimes, though, car accidents can have.
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Time limits for all types of accident compensation claims – get advice from the most experienced PI law firm in the UK.
There's no limit. the UK but within the EU or other European countries such as Andorra, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland. You may need to tell your insurer about your trip, so check your polic.
Car accident insurance claim time limit. Do you ever feel like you pay the highest rates around and just can't figure out why? Well, if any of the profiles.
Ducey agreed to a 20 percent raise for teachers over time but did not go as far with additional funding. has focused on a "paycheck" agenda that calls for cutting state income taxes and car insuran.
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Also, your time limit for filing this type of claim is usually shorter. Give Yourself Time to File. If the statute of limitations on your claim is near, you must file a lawsuit to stop the clock. Most states give you two to three years to settle your car accident insurance claim.
Following on from the reveal of the standard car. first time. Set to make its debut at the Paris Motor Show in October, th.
Time limited pet insurance. The charity Age UK showed in a survey from 2012 that 21% of people looking for car insurance for over 80s weren't given quotes because of their age. There are a whole host of car insurance companies that can cover the ages of 80 and beyond: Aviva, Direct Line, LV.
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As we all know, the Staveley 'bid' never came to anything, and neither did the interest of other groups who were allegedly wa.
30/11/2009 · Is there a time limit on how long I can make a insurance claim in Australia? Someone else (insured) hit my car?
A high-speed one-car wreck on 210th Ave. County bridges are not insured, so the driver's insurance company has been contacted and the hope is that the claim won't have to be litigated, Ring said.
Learn how to file an insurance claim after you've been in a car accident and how to get everything you deserve from the insurance companies. Take the time you need to get an accurate cost from your doctor regarding the extent and treatment of your injuries.
How black box car insurance works – Which? – which.co.uk – Black box 'telematics' car insurance bases your policy premium on how you drive. Find out how black box insurance works, see which insurers offer black box insurance.
The Latest: North Carolina governor visits hard-hit New Bern – Residents and businesses that have damage should file insurance claims first before. city and that "at this time, things a.
Car insurance coverage limits are maximum amounts of money that your car insurance will pay out if you make a claim. For example, if the limit on your collision coverage is $20,000, that is the most that your policy would pay out for damages to your vehicle after a collision.


As web designers, we concern ourselves with how users move from page to page, but forget the needs of those whose purpose is to be still. Learn the design techniques that create a mental space for reading. Use typographic signals to help users shift from looking to reading, from skimming along to concentrating. Limit distractions; pay attention to the details that make text readable; and consider chronology by providing transitions for each of the three phases of the online reading experience.
In space no one can hear you scream, and in a global economic meltdown, no industry—not even web design—is safe. But as a web designer, your skills and products are suited to ride out hard times, as long as you stay busy. Learn the seven steps to (relative) security in good times or bad: 1. Keep clients happy. 2. Know your goals. 3. Use your initiative wisely. 4. Communicate. 5. Put in a full day's work. 6. Do it right. 7. Find the love.
Clients love to write copy. Well, they love to plan to write it, anyhow. On most web design projects, content is the last thing to be considered (and almost always the last thing to be delivered). We'll spend hours, weeks, even months, doing user scenarios, site maps, wireframes, designs, schemas, and specifications—but content? It's a disrespected line item in a schedule: "final content delivered." Pepi Ronalds proposes a solution to this constant cause of project delays.
Landing a new job or client is difficult in this economic climate. Undelivered contractual promises and work environment shortcomings can transform that challenge into a long-term nightmare. Keith LaFerriere shows how to get paid what you're worth; how to fight for control of your projects using management tools corporate cultures respect (even if they don't understand your work); and how to tell when it's time to jump ship.


Hotel Indigo is located within a 5-minute drive from the Summer Garden and offers a rooftop terrace with panoramic views of the city centre. It takes a 20-minute walk to reach Nevsky Prospect, Palace Square and Russian State Museum from the property.
The air-conditioned rooms include a seating area with satellite TV, iPod docking station and minibar. Each en-suite bathroom comes with a hairdryer, bathrobe and complimentary toiletries. Guests can enjoy European cuisine at the restaurant, or have a drink at one of the hotel's two bars. Free WiFi is available in all areas. The hotel boasts a swimming pool and spa centre offering Thai spa treatments. Tour desk and ticket services are also provided. Hotel Indigo is situated only a 10-minute walk from Chernyshevskaya Metro Station. Pulkovo Airport is 40 minutes' drive from the hotel.
Interiors of the rooms of STANDARD category reflect easily recognizable images of the Summer Garden and Casting Yard. It is an ideal choice for those who prefer peace and quietness since the windows face the courtyard of the boutique hotel.
• LED TV with large screen. More than 45 TV channels including TV channels on 6 European languages (BBC, CNN, MGM, TVE, etc.) and all the main Russian TV channels.
Hotel is located in the very down town of Saint-Petersburg on the Fontanka embankment just in 10 minutes walk from the main sightseeing, historical places and monuments. It is also conveniently located near six underground stations, such as "Sennaya Ploshad'", "Sadovaya Ploshad'", "Spasskaya", "Gostinny Dvor" and "Pushkinskaya". There are 6 floors and 72 rooms of different categories overlooking Fontanka River and old city.
Guests enjoy buffet breakfast in our restaurant and could taste Russian and European cuisine there. Restaurant and room service provide 24Hours service. The hotel staff will be glad to assist you with additional services, such as visa support, transfer, business center services. For your convenience there are 24Hours receptions desk, variety of excursions from our hotel and tickets booking. Hotel Asteria is suitable as accommodation for business travelers, tourists and families due to its location, comfort and high quality services.
Free cancellation 4 days before check-in, 05.06-08.06.18 – 10 days before check-in.
Cozy 11 sq. meter rooms for single use. For your convenience there are single bed, work desk and wardrobe. All rooms of this category are overlooking Fontanka River embankment and old city roofs. The rooms are equipped with a telephone, satellite TV, A/C, 24 hour internet access. The bathroom contains a shower cabin, fan, mirror, soft towels and toiletries..
Comfortable 13 - 17 sq. meter rooms for accommodation of one or two guests. In standard rooms there is one double or two single beds, work desk, wardrobe, telephone, satellite TV, A/C and 24 hour internet access. In a bathroom there are shower cabin, fan, mirror, soft towels and toiletries. Rooms of this category are ideal for tourists, leisure or business travelers. Rooms are overlooking either a quiet cozy yard or Fontanka River embankment.
The Comfort 20 sq. m rooms are very spacious and tastefully designed. Rooms are overlooking either a quiet yard or Fontanka River embankment. Comfort rooms are located on 6th floor and are featured with double or twin beds, wardrobe, work desk and chair, free satellite TV, A/C, telephone, mini-bar and 24 hour internet access. A bathroom is equipped with a superior bathroom fixtures, shower cabin, fan and toiletries. At guests disposal there are also bathrobe and slippers.
A comfortable accommodation consists of bedroom and leaving room. Windows of all suites are overlooking Fontanka River embankment. Perfectly matching interior items creates a cozy atmosphere. Each room contains a necessary set of furniture: double bed in the bedroom, sofa in the leaving room, wardrobe, desk and chair. Also you could find in the room A/C, television, telephone, mini-bar/fridge, 24 hour internet access. We also have free satellite TV at your disposal. As opposed to standard rooms, which are equipped with shower cabins, there is a Jacuzzi in each Junior Suite. At guests disposal there are also bathrobes and slippers.
A 30 sq. m Suite is designed in a simple, but elegant way. Windows are overlooking Fontanka River and old city roofs. Thus, our guests have an opportunity to feel a special spirit of Saint-Petersburg, its mood and character. In Suite there are double bed, wardrobe, work desk and chair, two armchairs and a coffee table, plasma satellite TV, AC, telephone, mini-bar, 24 hour internet access. A bathroom contains Jacuzzi, fan, toiletries. At guests disposal there are also bathrobes and slippers. Apraksin Suite will be an ideal accommodation for newly-weds and couples with special occasions.
Deluxe Suite is special for its spaciousness and consists of leaving room and bedroom. Suite is located on the highest floor and perfect to enjoy Fontanka river view. The Suite is featured with a double bed in a bedroom, wardrobe, work desk with a chair, coffee table, two plasma TV sets with a free satellite television, A/C, telephone, mini-bar, 24 hour internet access. A bathroom is equipped with Jacuzzi, fan, toiletries. At guests disposal there are also bathrobes and slippers. The Suite is comfortable for families with children and business travelers.
Because of it's great location in the centre of Saint-Petersburg, Peterville hotel is a perfect place to stay in the cultural capital of Russia during short visits, business and weekend trips. It is easy to get to the main sights of Saint-Petersburg from our hotel, and our managers will help you with excursions and city tours. Our hotel is also situated close to popular restaurants, bars and shopping centres.
Peterville hotel is located near the Moskovsky Railway Station, Pulkovo airport and Metro station. Distance to the «Ligovsky prospect» Metro Station - 250 m, to the Moskovsky Railway Station — 700 m, to the Pulkovo airport — 15 km.
Free cancellation 5 days before check-in.
Room size - 16 sq.m.
Room facilities: comfortable furniture, WC, shower, LED TV, telephone, refrigerator, individual climate control, work desk ,hair dryer, complimentary toiletries, Wi-Fi (free).
On request: iron, ironing board, kettle.
One room with queen-size double bed and a sofa.
Room size - 23 sq.m.
comfortable furniture, safe, WC, shower, LED TV, electric kettle, telephone, refrigerator, individual climate control, desk, hair dryer, complimentary toiletries, slippers, Wi-Fi (free).
Occupancy up to 4 people.
Room size - 36 sq.m.
On request: iron and ironing board.