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Welcome to the AMA's online newsletter
15 February 2019 Issue # 118
Statement from the Australian Medical Association (WA)
Peel Health funding not enough
Palliative care plan critical
Interns, you're invited to the 2019 AMA (WA) Intern Sundowner!
2019 Your Voice in Health employee engagement survey
AMA Medical Products Launch 'Nimble' Storage Solutions for Medical
Eating Disorders | EDFA Carer Clinician Workshop Series
Changes to HBF health cover in response to the reforms to private health insurance
WA Cervical Cancer Prevention Program update
General Practitioner Job | Kalamunda
Become a Youth Friendly Doctor in 2019!
Medical Careers Expo
GP Registrar Seminar: Know Your Employment Rights
CPR for Practice Staff
Celebrate International Women's Day with Camilla
Write in and win
Feedback on Med e-link (WA) is welcomed. Send your views to medelink@amawa.com.au .
Executive Director of the AMA (WA) Mr Paul Boyatzis has announced his intention to retire later this year, AMA (WA) President Dr Omar Khorshid said today.
"Mr Boyatzis has held the positon for more than 30 years and has transformed the AMA from a small organisation with limited resources to one of the largest and most influential membership-based organisations in Australia.
"The impact of Mr Boyatzis on health in WA and nationally has been extraordinary over three decades.
"Mr Boyatzis was the recipient of the AMA (WA) President's Award in 2018 and on that occasion we were able to reflect on his incredible record of achievement over 30 year. He is an Honorary Member of the AMA (WA) and stands as a giant of the medical profession, despite him not being a doctor."
A recruitment process has begun and Mr Boyatzis has agreed to stay on in the role until a replacement is appointed.
"On behalf of the members, Council and Board of the AMA (WA) I would like to thank Mr Boyatzis for the commitment, dedication and passion that he has brought to the Association and for his 30 years of service to the medical profession and to health in WA," Dr Khorshid said.
The news that the Federal Government will spend $25 million on an upgrade of Peel Health Campus is little more than a drop in the ocean and will do nothing to resolve the serious issues at the hospital.
"The funding announcement offers little hope of any significant improvement in the serious issues at Peel Health Campus and in reality is a slap in the face for medical professionals, patients and the local community as a whole," AMA (WA) President Dr Omar Khorshid said.
AMA (WA) President, Dr Omar Khorshid, joined Oliver Peterson on 6PR to discuss the issue.
Listen to the radio segment online now or read the AMA (WA) media release online.
The AMA (WA) has been strongly involved in the debate around end-of-life care over the past year and will continue to do so as the discussion in the community and in parliamentary continues this year.
The AMA (WA) has called for the debate to focus on palliative and end-of-life care rather than the narrow issue of assisted dying.
We look forward to the release of the Taskforce report but it is critical that the State government develop and release a fully funded implementation plan for palliative care as soon as possible and well before the introduction of any draft Voluntary Assisted Dying (VAD) legislation into parliament.
Failure to do so will risk lives being ended due to a lack of accessible and quality palliative care.
The reality is that a safe VAD regime will apply to approximately 1% of deaths, that it cannot be provided ethically to a patient who is demented or delirious and that the tools and laws required for most deaths to be free from excessive suffering exist now.
For most of us, it is good end-of-life planning and decision making, and access to good palliative care that we need.
The AMA (WA) invites medical interns to the annual Intern Sundowner – the perfect opportunity to catch up with colleagues while enjoying drinks and canapés.
There will be prize giveaways on the night as well as the opportunity to meet the AMA (WA) staff that are working to help Doctors in the WA health system.
If you have not received your invitation, please contact Skye Connor via email or phone 08 9273 3028.
Date: Tuesday 26 February
Venue: Acqua Viva on the Swan
RSVP: Please RSVP by Tuesday 19 February
Please note, the sundowner is an invite only event for medical interns.
The Minister for Health will be inviting staff to participate in the 2019 Your Voice in Health employee engagement survey.
The 2019 survey will be the first in a series of five, and is particularly important, as it will provide a benchmark for measuring the performance of health service entities over the next five years. Research consultancy, ORC International has been appointed as the independent provider to conduct an annual survey of Western Australian health system staff. The survey will measure staff engagement and support proactive strategies for future workplace planning. The initiative will enable staff to better communicate what works well, identify issues in the workplace and ensure their health and wellbeing is looked after.
The survey will be confidential and provides staff the opportunity to freely express their opinions and share their experiences. The survey will help identify areas of need and ensure Health Service Providers are able to respond to and address any emerging issues.
The survey runs from 5 March until 31 March 2019 and should take no more than 15 minutes to complete.
One of the major problems that medical centre staff face pretty much on a daily basis is Not Having Enough Storage Space! The good news is AMA Medical Products have teamed up with a manufacturer called Nimble to solve this dilemma.
You may not heard of them yet?? Allow us to introduce – Nimble –Storage Solutions for Medical Centres.
To continue reading, visit the AMA Medical Products website.
Thursday 7 March | 8.30am - 4.00pm
Temperament-Based Therapy with Supports (TBT-S – previously known as NEW FED TR) is a new treatment approach focused on integrating cutting edge information about the brain-basis of eating disorders into treatment.
Join Dr Laura Hill, Dr Stephanie Knatz-Peck and Dr Christina Wierenga, the founders of TBT-S, as they discuss the new evidence informed multi-family treatment for patients 16 and over with Anorexia Nervosa (AN).
For further information or to register, visit the EDFA website.
As you may be aware, the Australian Government passed legislation to help simplify health insurance. All health funds must restructure their products as a result of these reforms.
The reforms include the introduction of a new tiered system for naming and categorizing hospital insurance products: The Gold, Silver, Bronze and Basic system.
In response to these reforms, HBF are making some changes to their members' health cover. These include:
- Changes to some product names, which are effective now
- Some services removed from Bronze Hospital Plus and Silver Hospital covers, which will be effective from 1 April 2019
If you would like to find out more about the reforms in general, as well as how they may affect HBF members, visit the HBF website.
The self-collection component of the National Cervical Screening Program aims to improve participation in cervical screening by providing an alternative collection process for asymptomatic women who are under-screened or never screened. Currently, self-collection (i.e. collection of a vaginal swab for HPV testing) is available to all women residing in Australia who are at least 30 years old, are under-screened (four years or more since last Pap test) or have never been screened, and decline a practitioner collected specimen.
Self-collection is not suitable if a patient:
• is pregnant, or thinks they might be pregnant
• is symptomatic (experiencing unusual bleeding, pain or discharge), or
• was exposed to diethyl-stilboestrol (DES) in utero.
To continue reading, visit the AMA (WA) website.
AMA Recruit are currently seeking General Practitioners for regular weekend sessions in a long established practice in Kalamunda.
The practice has excellent facilities, especially treatment and procedure rooms
High levels of nursing and reception support
Regular - fully subscribed - half and full day sessions available on Saturday and Sunday
For further information or to apply, please visit the AMA Recruit website.
Alternatively, for more information on this or other upcoming work opportunities, please contact Dave Bell at AMA Recruit on 9273 3096 or dave.bell@amawa.com.au.
Mental Health: Diagnosis and Assessment | Tuesday 12 March 6.00 – 8.30pm
The Youth Friendly Doctor program is designed to provide the medical professional with the skills and knowledge to remain up to date with the most pertinent issues affecting young people and how to best manage these issues.
This elective workshop outlines high prevalence mental health issues facing young people and enhances skills in distinguishing low prevalence and common co-morbid diagnoses. On completion of this workshop doctors will have improved ability to assess the psychosocial wellbeing of adolescents using screening tools, consultation techniques and standardised psychometric instruments. This module enhances participants' interviewing skills with adolescents and their parents.
For more information, visit the AMA (WA) website or register online now.
Wednesday 13 March | 5.30pm - 8.45pm
Being held at The University Club of Western Australia, the 2019 Medical Careers Expo is a free event for junior doctors and graduating medical students, brought to you by the Postgraduate Medical Council of WA together with AMA (WA).
Register online today and take this opportunity to discuss and discover career options with over 30 health services, specialty colleges and other relevant organisations at the Expo.
Tuesday 19 March | 6.30pm – 8.30pm
The AMA (WA) is running a series of four seminars to help GP Registrars answer questions on employment arrangements and how to manage conflict in the workplace.
The first seminar in the series will explain the National Terms and Conditions for the Employment of Registrars (NTCER), including minimum rates of pay, hours of work, payment for training and leave entitlements. We will explain how the conditions apply to you as a GP Registrar and what various provisions mean for you in a practical sense when you are working at a practice.
RACGP and ACRRM points will be applied for all medical practitioner seminars.
The AMA is delivering 3 hour courses for staff requiring CPR training to meet practice accreditation requirements.
The learning outcome of this unit provides the participant with a nationally recognised unit of competency.
The course will cover:
• Assessing the situation and responding to the signs of an unconscious casualty
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation following Australian Resuscitation Council guidelines
• Defibrillation awareness
This program attracts 5 category 2 RACGP points.
Friday 8 March | 5.30pm onwards
Camilla and AMA (WA) invite you to join us on International Women's Day at Claremont Quarter to sip, shop and be styled and discover the AW19 Collection La Fleur Libertine.
Venue: Camilla Claremont Quarter, Level 1, Shop 162, 9 Baysview Terrace.
RSVP: Please RSVP to Des Michael on des.michael@amawa.com.au of phone 08 9273 3056.
Got something to say? We would love to hear from you!
The AMA (WA)'s publication Medicus is calling on all members to send through any letters they would like to share with the profession.
Write to us (200 words max) at medicus@amawa.com.au - the best letter will win anything from movie/theatre tickets to bottles of wine.
The Med e-link (WA) distribution list has been updated. If you wish to change your email address, please reply to this email. To update your contact details with the AMA (WA), please email us at mail@amawa.com.au.
If you no longer wish to receive this service, you can unsubscribe
Copyright © 2013 Australian Medical Association of Western Australia
14 Stirling Highway, Nedlands WA 6009. Ph (08) 9273 3000


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Who is Isaiah John Metz?(Pa. Man Wanted for Child Rape Bit Officer in NYC to Evade Arrest, Cops Say) Wiki, Bio, Age,Charged,Arrested,Facebook, Instagram, Twitter & Quick Facts
Isaiah John Metz Wiki
Isaiah John Metz Biography
Who is Isaiah John Metz ?
Police in New York City are searching for a 22-year-old man who attacked two officers trying to arrest him in Manhattan after he allegedly raped four-year-old twins in Pennsylvania.
22-year-old Isaiah John Metz, also known as Decklyn McBride, of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, allegedly raped four-year-old twin boys in Goldsboro, Pennsylvania, while on probation for assaulting an officer.
Arrested and Charged
Metz currently has 115 counts of s*x-related charges against him in York County, including three counts of rape of a child under 13 and 99 counts of s*xual assault with photographs and videos, according to public records.
22-year-old Isaiah John Metz, also known as Decklyn McBride, is being hunted by the NYPD after assaulting two officers at a homeless shelter around 4:30 a.m. Tuesday.
Police received a tip that Metz was staying at the Antonio Olivieri homeless shelter, located on W 30th Street near Eighth Avenue in Midtown, Manhattan. Officers and state troopers arrived at the shelter around 4:30 a.m. Tuesday with a warrant when a fight broke out and Metz bit off one officer's arm and punched another officer before managing to escape.
Both officers were transported to local hospitals for treatment for their injuries and have since been released.
Metz was last seen running uptown and reportedly entered a subway station, according to Pix 11. Police dogs managed to trace the scent of him to W 32nd Street and Seventh Avenue, according to the New YorkDaily News.
The man was reportedly taking care of one of the girls on July 24, 2021, while the other sister went to a doctor's appointment, according to an affidavit, seen by Penn Live.
The family reported that the daughter was more excited when she returned home and she allegedly told them during bath time that her vagina hurt, according to court documents.
Police reportedly collected DNA samples from her underwear, as well as from the recliner in which the assault occurred. Investigators could not rule out that the DNA belonged to Metz, Penn Live reported.
Later, the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children discovered that Metz had posted 42 photos and eight videos of himself s*xually abusing the girls, all of which were found on his phone in February, according to the affidavit.
Metz is currently on Pennsylvania's Most Wanted Fugitives list and is said to have been released around March 30. He has not appeared in court for the alleged crimes.
The criminal faces up to 1,000 years in prison if he is convicted of all 115 charges, according to Local 12 News.
He was last seen with red hair, wearing red and black pajama bottoms and a black sweatshirt.
Isaiah John Metz Quick and Facts
Isaiah John Metz, 22, of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, is being hunted by the NYPD after attacking two officers at a homeless shelter in Midtown Manhattan
Metz is wanted in Pennsylvania for 115 s*x-related charges, including raping four-year-old twins
He was reportedly watching one of the twins while the other was at a doctor's appointment when he assaulted her on a recliner in July
The family said the girl was more emotional when they returned and later told them her vagina hurt
A DNA was conducted from a sample taken from her underwear and investigators said they could not rule out Metz
Pictures and video was later discovered on his phone showing him assaulting both twins, according to the National Center of Missing and Exploited Children
The NYPD received a tip on Tuesday morning that Metz had checked into Antonio Olivieri shelter
Two officers arrived around 4.30am when he attacked them, biting one and punching another, causing them to need medical attention, before escaping
TagsIsaiah John Metz Isaiah John Metz Age Isaiah John Metz Bio Isaiah John Metz Biography Isaiah John Metz Facebook Isaiah John Metz Instagram Isaiah John Metz Quick Facts Isaiah John Metz Twitter Isaiah John Metz Wiki Isaiah John Metz Wikipedia
Who was Dylan Redwine?(Colorado father is found guilty of killing his 13-year-old son Dylan Redwine) Wiki, Bio, Age,Death,Father,Killed, Instagram, Twitter & Quick Facts
Who was Phoebe Frances Brown?(The Glad Game writer and performer Phoebe Frances Brown has died aged 29) Wiki, Bio, Age,Death,Family, Instagram, Twitter & Quick Facts

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


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BizLink VirtualLink™ Produkte vereinfachen VR und Mixed Reality Geräte der nächsten Generation
May 28, 2019 Taipei, Taiwan – BizLink, a global leader in interconnect solutions, is proud to announce at the Computex Taipei 2019 its new VirtualLink interface adapter and cable with the cooperation and partnership of Diodes Incorporated. VirtualLink has been developed as a new open industry standard by a consortium of VR vendors led by Nvidia, AMD, Microsoft, Oculus, Valve, and HTC that has selected BizLink as its partner.
VirtualLink seeing early adoption
VirtualLink removes the need for multiple cables and simplifies setting up VR in any situation. Next-gen graphics cards and VR headsets will all feature the new VirtualLink connection. Older setups can use the VirtualLink Interface Adapter that converts all required cables from a PC to a single VirtualLink cable. Rapid adoption of VirtualLink by graphics card manufacturers is expected as newly launched products will feature VirtualLink ports. Additionally, VirtualLink cables have been designed to have longer cable lengths and to allow higher resolutions with future specifications without the need to change cables and hardware. BizLink has worked on defining the design for the VirtualLink cable as a 5-meter (16 feet) cable that features USB 3.1 Gen 2 (10 Gbps) and 4-lane DisplayPort™ HBR3 (8.1 Gbps per lane) simultaneously for 4K@120Hz or 8K@30Hz resolutions, and 27-Watt USB Type-C™ Power Delivery.
VirtualLink™ Interface Adapter VirtualLink™ Cable
BizLink partnership with Diodes
"VirtualLink is a future proof interface for VR/AR applications which are hungry for bandwidth of data and video links. BizLink is glad to have Diodes as a partner to provide solutions on serving the high-speed links of VirtualLink," said KY Tsai, Vice President of Technical Marketing, BizLink Technology, Inc. "We do believe that more and more companies will adopt VirtualLink on their upcoming products to allow for single and simple connection for end users."
BizLink has been working with Diodes to develop the VirtualLink Interface Adapter. VirtualLink Interface Adapter enables a legacy system to work with the VirtualLink cable by combining DisplayPort 1.4 and USB 3.1 Gen 2 from the legacy system to generate a VirtualLink host port over a USB Type-C port. It will default to the regular USB Type-C mode if VirtualLink is not required. Diodes Incorporated has been a pioneer in high speed connectivity and is the first in the market to offer PI3USB3200 USB 3.1 Gen 2/USB 2.0 Mux for supporting the VirtualLink/USB Type-C. PI3USB3200 from Diodes enables one bi-directional USB 3.1 Gen 2 lane in the VirtualLink mode and USB 2.0 in the USB Type-C mode. "Diodes Incorporated is proud to work closely with BizLink to enable VirtualLink with our expertise in high speed connectivity," commented Kay Annamalai, Senior Marketing Director, Diodes Incorporated. VirtualLink will enable the growth of Virtual Reality applications in entertainment, computer generated modeling, medicine, construction, education and training."
*USB Type-C™ and USB-C™ are trademarks of USB Implementers Forum.
About BizLink
BizLink, founded in 1996, is headquartered in Silicon Valley, USA. Our mission is to make interconnection easier and to become the leading global interconnect solution supplier. We support industries that are environmentally conscious and improve quality of life through providing essential components, wire harnesses, and cables to a wide variety of industries such as IT and CE, Motor Vehicle, Electrical Appliances, Medical Equipment, Industrial, Optical Fiber Communication, and Solar. Our fully vertically integrated business model includes manufacturing sites in the United States, Mexico, Slovakia, Serbia, China, and Malaysia. BizLink incorporates state-of-the-art facilities, advanced manufacturing processes, and professional research and development capabilities. Our global R&D and service teams in America, Europe, and Asia strive to keep collaborating closely with customers to turn their innovative designs into reality.
About Diodes Incorporated
Diodes Incorporated (Nasdaq: DIOD), a Standard and Poor's SmallCap 600 and Russell 3000 Index company, is a leading global manufacturer and supplier of highquality application specific standard products within the broad discrete, logic, analog and mixed-signal semiconductor markets. Diodes serves the consumer electronics, computing, communications, industrial, and automotive markets. Diodes' products include diodes, rectifiers, transistors, MOSFETs, protection devices, function-specific arrays, single gate logic, amplifiers and comparators, Hall-effect and temperature sensors, power management devices, including LED drivers, AC-DC converters and controllers, DC-DC switching and linear voltage regulators, and voltage references along with special function devices, such as USB power switches, load switches, voltage supervisors, and motor controllers. Diodes also has timing, connectivity, switching, and signal integrity solutions for high-speed signals. Diodes' corporate headquarters and Americas' sales office are located in Plano, Texas and Milpitas, California. Design, marketing, and engineering centers are located in Plano; Milpitas; Taipei, Taiwan; Taoyuan City, Taiwan; Zhubei City, Taiwan; Manchester, England; and Neuhaus, Germany. Diodes' wafer fabrication facilities are located in Manchester and Greenock, UK, and Shanghai, China. Diodes has assembly and test facilities located in Shanghai, Jinan, Chengdu, and Yangzhou, China, as well as in Hong Kong, Neuhaus and Taipei. Additional engineering, sales, warehouse, and logistics offices are located in Taipei; Hong Kong; Manchester; Shanghai; Shenzhen, China; Seongnam-si, South Korea; and Munich, Germany, with support offices throughout the world. www.diodes.com
VirtualLink™ SchnittstellenadapterVirtualLink™ Kabel


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Gallery|In Pictures
Photos: Giroud and Mbappe star as France beat Poland
France dominate the game, which sees Giroud become France's highest scorer with 52 goals.
Robert Lewandowski is one of the best strikers in the world, but Poland's performance didn't give him chances to prove it against France on December 4, 2022. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
By Showkat Shafi
Published On 4 Dec 20224 Dec 2022
A goal for Olivier Giroud and two for Kylian Mbappe see France beat Poland 3-1 to qualify for the World Cup quarter-finals.
France dominated the game on Sunday at Al Thumama Stadium in Doha, helping Giroud achieve a record and become France's highest scorer with 52 goals.
A late Robert Lewandowski penalty took the sheen off the victory, but Poland were well out-classed in the second half.
French supporters outnumbered and outshouted Poland's fans in their final 16 match at Al Thumama Stadium in Doha. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
Polish supporters went into the game hopeful despite a 2-0 loss to Argentina in their final group game of the World Cup. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
Lewandowski got Poland on the scoresheet just before the game ended, but his team was no match for France and went down 3-1. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
Poland's stubborn defence and their star forward Lewandowski had propelled them into the final 16 of the tournament, but their advance was stopped by France. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
French players celebrate after Olivier Giroud sends in their first goal and enters the record books as France's top scorer. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
France is one of the favourites at this year's World Cup, and they dominate the game against Poland as they seek to win a second consecutive World Cup. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
Antoine Griezmann had a chance to put in France's first goal just minutes into the match, but there was too much on his free kick. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
French players celebrate after Kylian Mbappe scores the first of his two goals against Poland in the knockout stages of the tournament. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
France's supporters sense victory, and a place in the quarter-finals, as their score creeps up. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
Poland's Wojciech Szczesny concedes a third goal, making it a brace for Mbappe. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
Lewandowski is sour after France score their third goal, but he still goes on to put a penalty kick into the net eight minutes later. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
Lewandowski's retaken penalty hits the net after he gets a second chance because France keeper Hugo Lloris's feet weren't on the line. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]
The French celebrate after they advance into the quarter-finals, where they will play on Saturday against England. [Showkat Shafi/Al Jazeera]


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New AHRQ Publications Summarize Evidence on the Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile
Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of C. difficile: Current State of the Evidence - Clinician Summary | AHRQ Effective Health Care Program
New evidence-based publications from AHRQ can help clinicians and patients make informed decisions about the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of Clostridium difficile infections (C. diff), a type of bacteria that infects the large intestine. Anyone can get C. diff, but risks may increase for people who have taken antibiotics in the past 30 days, have a weak immune system from an ongoing illness or have been in the hospital or a long-term care facility. Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of C. difficile: Current State of the Evidence is a publication for clinicians that summarizes findings of an AHRQ-funded research review and identifies the strength of evidence supporting diagnostic tests, treatment options and prevention techniques. A companion plain-language publication, Treating and Preventing C. difficile Infections, can help patients and caregivers talk about C. diff treatment
Clinician Summary – May 30, 2017
Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of C. difficile: Current State of the Evidence
View PDF(PDF) 262 kB
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Focus of This Summary
Overview of Clinical Research Evidence
Gaps in Knowledge and Additional Issues
What To Discuss With Your Patients and Their Caregivers
This is a summary of a systematic review that evaluated the recent evidence regarding the accuracy of diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of interventions for preventing and treating Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) infection. The systematic review included 93 articles published between 2010 and April 2015. This summary is provided to assist in informed clinical decisionmaking. However, reviews of evidence should not be construed to represent clinical recommendations or guidelines.
C. difficile is a Gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium generally acquired through ingestion. Symptoms of C. difficile infection (CDI) can range from mild diarrhea to severe conditions such as pseudomembranous colitis and toxic megacolon that can result in death. The estimated mortality rate for health care-associated CDI ranged from 2.4 to 8.9 deaths per 100,000 in 2011. For people ≥65 years of age, the mortality rate was 55.1 deaths per 100,000.
Effective containment and treatment of CDI depends on accurate and swift diagnosis. CDI is diagnosed using clinical findings and tests such as: (1) nucleic acid amplification using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), (2) tests for disease- generating C. difficile toxins (including immunoassays), and (3) test algorithms (these are two-step procedures: the first step is a fast screen for the presence of the organism using a test such as the glutamate dehydrogenase [GDH] assay; if the first test is positive, a second test for toxins is performed).
Efforts to prevent CDI include antimicrobial stewardship, the use of infection-control strategies such as handwashing, and immune-boosting strategies. Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials to reduce microbial resistance and decrease the spread of infections. Handwashing with soap and water is helpful for removing C. difficile spores, which are resistant to alcohol rubs or hand sanitizer. Measures that improve a patient's immune defenses include the use of probiotics to promote healthy gut flora and the maintenance of balanced nutrition.
Initial treatment of CDI commonly involves the use of oral antimicrobials such as metronidazole and vancomycin. Mild to moderate initial CDI is often treated with metronidazole, while severe initial CDI is often treated with vancomycin. Treatment with metronidazole and vancomycin can be problematic, however, as they have been implicated in the development of vancomycin-resistant enterococci in immunocompromised patients.
CDI recurs in 15 to 35 percent of patients who have had one previous episode and in 33 to 65 percent of patients who have had more than two previous episodes. Diagnosis and treatment of relapsed or recurrent CDI are challenging. Diagnosis of recurrent CDI is based on the recurrence of clinical symptoms, and repeat testing may not be required. Currently, clinicians choose from a variety of antimicrobials, dosing protocols, and adjunctive treatments (such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation [FMT]) to manage relapsed or recurrent CDI.
The current review aimed to update a 2011 review regarding the accuracy of CDI diagnostic tests and the effects of interventions to prevent and treat CDI in adults.
Diagnosis of CDI: Nucleic acid amplification tests have high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing CDI (high strength of evidence [SOE]). (See Table 1.)
Prevention of CDI: Strategies such as antibiotic stewardship and handwashing campaigns may help prevent CDI (low SOE). Further evidence is needed to confirm that prevention strategies impact patient outcomes such as CDI incidence. (See Table 2.)
Treatment of CDI: Vancomycin is more effective than metronidazole for the initial treatment of CDI (high SOE), while fidaxomicin is more effective than vancomycin for the prevention of recurrent CDI (high SOE). Physicians may take into consideration disease and patient characteristics, effectiveness, potential adverse effects, patient preferences, and costs when choosing an antibiotic to treat CDI. Lactobacillus probiotics, when used as an adjunct to antibiotic therapy, may prevent the recurrence of CDI (low SOE); additionally, probiotics are generally safe in otherwise healthy patients. There is low SOE that FMT may be effective for treating recurrent and relapsed CDI; however, there is consistent positive evidence for its effectiveness in patients with recurrent and relapsed CDI. (See Tables 3, 4, and 5.)
Table 1: Summary of Key Findings and Strength of Evidence for the Accuracy of Diagnostic Tests for C. difficile Infection
Note: Diagnostic testing is recommended in patients in whom there is a suspicion of CDI based on symptoms and history. CDI is suspected in patients with symptoms of diarrhea (≥3 loose stools in 24 hours) or ileus who have additional risk factors (including use of antibiotics or antineoplastic agents in the previous 8 weeks, hospitalization, and older age). Clinicians should consider the possibility of CDI in hospitalized patients who have unexplained leukocytosis. Testing of stool from asymptomatic patients is not recommended. Testing for C. difficile or its toxins should be performed only on diarrheal (unformed) stool, unless ileus due to C. difficile is suspected.*
No. Studies
Summary of Key Findings
Sensitivity or Specificity (95% CI)
CDI = Clostridium difficile infection; CI = confidence interval
* Information drawn from: Cohen SH, Gerding DN, Johnson S, et al; Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical practice guidelines for Clostridium difficile infection in adults: 2010 update by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2010 May;31(5):431-55. PMID: 20307191.
† These are two-step procedures. The first step is a fast screen for the presence or absence of C. difficile using a test such as the glutamate dehydrogenase assay. If the first test gives a positive result, a second test for C. difficile toxins is performed.
Nucleic Acid Amplification Test: loop-mediated isothermal amplification
Sensitivity 12 Sensitive for CDI 0.95 (0.90 to 0.97)
Specificity 12 Specific for CDI 0.98 (0.96 to 0.99)
Nucleic Acid Amplification Test: polymerase chain reaction
Immunoassays for C. difficile Toxins A/B
Sensitivity 58 Not sensitive for CDI 0.70 (0.66 to 0.74)
Tests for Glutamate Dehydrogenase
Specificity 10 Not specific for CDI 0.94 (0.89 to 0.97)
Test Algorithms†
Table 2: Summary of Key Findings and Strength of Evidence for Interventions To Prevent C. difficile Infection
CDI = Clostridium difficile infection
** Multicomponent interventions consisted of using multiple prevention strategies to reduce CDI rates (e.g., the simultaneous use of education, isolation, handwashing, contact precautions, and environmental disinfection).
6 Appropriate prescribing practices were associated with decreased CDI.
Handwashing Campaigns
1 Handwashing campaigns reduced CDI incidence (rates fell from 16.75 to 9.49 cases per 10,000 bed days).
Multicomponent Prevention Interventions**
4 Multicomponent interventions were sustainable over several years.
Table 3: Summary of Key Findings and Strength of Evidence for the Effectiveness of Antimicrobials in Treating Initial C. difficile Infections and Reducing Their Recurrence
No. Subjects
CDI = Clostridium difficile infection; CI = confidence interval; NR = not reported; RR = relative risk
§ Limited evidence suggested that there was a lower rate of recurrence in patients receiving fidaxomicin when the infecting organism was a non-epidemic (non-nucleosome assembly protein 1) strain ( )
Vancomycin vs. metronidazole
Initial cure of CDI 4 872 Favors vancomycin: 83.9% vs. 75.7% of patients achieved initial cure (RR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02–1.15).
Prevention of CDI recurrence 4 705 No significant difference: 16.5% vs. 18.7% of patients had recurrent CDI (RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.65–1.23).
Fidaxomicin vs. vancomycin
Initial cure of CDI 2 1111 No significant difference: 87.6% vs. 85.6% of patients achieved initial cure (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.98–1.07).
Prevention of CDI recurrence 2 962 Favors fidaxomicin: 14.1% vs. 26.1% of patients had recurrent CDI (RR 0.55, 95% CI 0.42–0.71).§
Any antimicrobial
Treatment effect by disease severity 3 NR Treatment results did not differ by disease severity.
Table 4: Summary of Key Findings and Strength of Evidence for the Effectiveness of Probiotics in Reducing Recurrence of C. difficile Infection
Interventions Compared (as an adjunct to standard antibiotic treatment)
CDI = Clostridium difficile infection; CI = confidence interval; RR = relative risk
Lactobacillus vs. placebo
Prevention of CDI recurrence 6 1251 Favors Lactobacillus: RR 0.27, 95% CI 0.15–0.49
Saccharomyces boulardii vs. placebo
Prevention of CDI recurrence 6 1244 No significant difference: RR 0.77, 95% CI 0.38–1.54
Multiorganism probiotics vs. placebo
Prevention of CDI recurrence 5 3960 Favors multiorganism probiotics: RR 0.50, 95% CI 0.28–0.88
Table 5: Summary of Key Findings and Strength of Evidence for the Effectiveness of Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in Treating Recurrent and Relapsed C. difficile Infection
Intervention Studied
CDI = Clostridium difficile infection; RCT = randomized controlled trial
Fecal microbiota transplantation
Resolution of diarrhea and prevention of relapse 3 RCTs and 23 case series 751 Resolves diarrhea and prevents relapse in patients with recurrent CDI
Strength of Evidence Scale††
High confidence that the evidence reflects the true effect. Further research is very unlikely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect.
Moderate:
Moderate confidence that the evidence reflects the true effect. Further research may change our confidence in the estimate of effect and may change the estimate.
Low confidence that the evidence reflects the true effect. Further research is likely to change our confidence in the estimate of effect and is likely to change the estimate.
Insufficient:
Evidence is either unavailable or does not permit a conclusion.
†† The overall evidence grade was assessed based on the ratings for the following domains: study limitations, directness, consistency, precision, and reporting bias. Other domains were considered, as appropriate: dose-response association, plausible confounding, and strength of association (i.e., magnitude of effect). For additional details on the methodology used to assess strength of evidence, please refer to: Owens DK, Lohr KN, Atkins D, et al. AHRQ series paper 5: grading the strength of a body of evidence when comparing medical interventions—Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality and the Effective Health-Care Program. J Clin Epidemiol. 2010 May;63(5):513-23. PMID: 19595577.
Table 6: Adverse Effects Associated With Interventions Used To Prevent and Treat C. difficile Infection
Note: The adverse effects listed here have been drawn from the systematic review and from U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) labels.
RCT = randomized controlled trial
Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, loss of appetite, and metallic taste in the mouth.
Rare but serious adverse effects include neurotoxicity, seizures, or neuropathy with long-term use.
Abdominal pain, nausea, and low serum-potassium levels.
Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anemia, neutropenia, and gastrointestinal bleeding.
No adverse effects were reported in studies in which probiotics were used as adjunctive treatment.
Fungemia has been reported in critically ill and immunocompromised patients with use of Saccharomyces.
Adverse effects reported in the RCTs include diarrhea, cramps, belching, nausea, and constipation.
Rare adverse effects include secondary infection and microperforation of the colon.
Future research should include studies to identify subgroups of patients who derive the most benefit from the various treatments for CDI.
The costs of the antibiotics used to treat CDI vary significantly. Fidaxomicin is significantly more expensive than vancomycin and metronidazole.
The use of probiotics and FMT as adjuntive or alternative treatments for CDI needs additional research.
The FDA has specific guidance on FMT as treatment for CDI and on the role of donors and stool banks. The guidance is available at www.fda.gov.
The role that use or overuse of antibiotics, including those used to treat CDI, may play in the development of CDI
The available antibiotic treatments for CDI and the evidence for their effectiveness and adverse effects
That probiotics may be helpful in preventing recurrent CDI and that patients should be aware that there is wide variation in the quality of over-the-counter probiotics
Some manufacturers provide information on the potency and stability of their products.
For patients with recurrent CDI that is difficult to treat, the benefits and harms of FMT for reducing the risk of relapse and that patients will be referred to a center with expertise in this procedure for treatment
The importance of cleaning hands frequently with soap and water (and not hand sanitizer) to prevent the spread of CDI spores
C. difficile spores are resistant to alcohol hand rubs and other routinely used antiseptics.
The information in this summary comes from Butler M, Olson A, Drekonja D, Shaukat A, Schwehr N, Shippee N, Wilt TJ. Early Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Clostridium difficile: Update. Comparative Effectiveness Review No. 172. (Prepared by the Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center under Contract No. 290-2012-00016-I.) AHRQ Publication No. 16-EHC012-EF. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; March 2016.
This summary was prepared by the John M. Eisenberg Center for Clinical Decisions and Communications Science at Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. It was written by Geetha Achanta, Ph.D., Daniel Musher, M.D., Frank Domino, M.D., and Michael Fordis, M.D.


Today, we're going to be digging into 2018 Pinterest predictions. I'm so excited to have my friend, Kristie Hill, on with me today. Kristie and I have bounced around in the same Pinterest circles for a while and are constantly sharing ideas back and forth. We are excited to share our predictions and thoughts with you today!
First, let's start off with a refresher course on what Pinterest is. Pinterest IS NOT a social media platform; it IS a search and discovery network. People go to Pinterest to discover and curate ideas. It is less about pretty pictures and more about actionable ideas that people can implement in their day to day lives.
You cannot apply Facebook marketing rules to Pinterest. It will leave you frustrated and without results. Pinterest is more comparable Google or Youtube. Knowing this will help you in your Pinterest marketing in 2018.
Keep in mind that Kristie and I don't have a Magic 8 Ball that delivers these Pinterest predictions. What we do have is education and lots of experience on the platform from a marketer's perspective. We want you to take these as what they are: predictions. We don't want to overwhelm you, but rather, help you streamline, in order to have intentional growth in 2018.
One key thing to understand about Pinterest is uses a smart feed to deliver targeted content to its users. They want to make sure that your feed is curated to match your interests. So when Pinterest sees what you're interested in and what you're pinning, they want to keep showing you more of that content. They will direct you to follow more "categories" or "trends" that are similar to what you're already looking at and loving. They will also show you things that are slightly different from what you were looking at so you can discover new ideas. You can check out some of the current trends here.
Another thing worth mentioning is that Pinterest is not a follower-focused platform. It's less about following people and more about following specific boards or ideas. I always try to remind people that followers do not convert to traffic. However, if you are interested in growing your followers for sponsors, I recommend MiloTree. We have talked about Milotree before on this podcast back in Episode 13. I've been using it for about 18 months and it took me from roughly 4,000 followers to over 12,000. But the big takeaway here is don't worry about followers unless you're doing so for sponsors. Again, followers and traffic are not the same.
I love that Kristie describes Pinterest as being in their "teenage years." No one really knows what to expect from them. There's constantly undergoing changes and trying to sort out their identity. It's crucial to remember that Pinterest is not here to serve us as a marketer, they are first and foremost a business. When Pinterest makes changes, it's because the users are requesting the change and they want to honor their users. We as marketers need to learn to fall in line with that and learn to appeal to the user base as well.
Pinterest is overflowing with content. If Pinterest is not showing quality content to the user, the user isn't going to be upset with the blogger who originally pinned it, but with the platform itself. For us as marketers, we need to make sure our content is high quality so that it doesn't get lost in the massive sea of content on the platform.
Having quality content doesn't just mean that your post rocks. Your site as a whole has to rock. After you create an irresistably clickable headline, make sure that the content delivers what it promises to the reader. If they get to your site and it's not quality content, the user is just going to bounce back to Pinterest and find a new pin.
Site performance is also key. Make sure that your page is loading fast, and that it is as optimized as possible. For example, ads really slow down your site. Make sure you always click your own pins on your mobile device and see how long it's taking for your recipe or exercise routine to actually load and that your pop-ups aren't blocking the page from being viewed.
Think about how a user is interacting with your content. We have to be smart about how our sites are loading so that they are as user-friendly as possible. Kristie knows of some non-techie ways to speed up your blog performance. You can also use sites like Web Page Test or Pingdom to check your page speed.
If Google has done it, Pinterest might.
As platforms like Facebook and Google make changes to become more mobile-friendly, reduce spam, and speed up site loading, it's probably safe to say that Pinterest will follow in their footsteps. It's all about improving the user experience.
Next, let's dig into some questions people have posed heading into 2018.
Are group boards still effective? We think so. But…keep in mind that running your own group board can be really overwhelming. It's hard to monitor the people coming in and sometimes the ROI just isn't there. Kristie recommends creating a landing page to field requests to join your group board. When Kristie had her group board set up, people needed to submit their Pinterest URL on the landing page so she could check the quality of their content (and an email address to contact the person).
If you're new to Pinterest, group boards are not necessarily the only way you can gain traction, but they can be helpful. Some of Kristie's best-performing pins have come from group boards. Don't choose group boards based on the number of contributors or followers. Look for niched-down group boards that are very specific content that aligns closely with your content.
Images are another aspect of Pinterest that are constantly changing. First they wanted horizontal, then vertical, very vertical, and now they're saying that square images are acceptable. Confused? You can never go wrong with the classic optimal size for images (a 2:3 ratio). Pinterest has changed their size recommendation over the years, but that specific ratio has stuck around and seems to work the best (Kristie talks more in depth about images sizes here).
When it comes to images, you either need to think like a designer or hire a designer. It's less about the size and more about creating and designing beautiful pinnable images.
Let's talk about hashtags (we're both still slightly in denial about this one). Pinterest just launched the ability to use hashtags in 2017, so it's still fairly new. Here's what we know so far. Pinterest allows you to use up to 20 hashtags, however, I recommend you only use four or five. They populate in the chronological hashtag feed. You don't have to go back and update all of your pins with hashtags, but you can add a hashtag to your description on your site. This is all still unfolding, but what we do know is that the user has to pick up on them first to see how they respond.
One thing we have noticed is that if you click on the search on your mobile device, Pinterest will recommend hashtags that are trending. So keywording on Pinterest is still front and center for 2018. Make sure you know which keywords YOUR people are searching for.
We highly recommend spending time playing around with your mobile app so you can better understand how it works. As marketers, we sometimes forget about the end user. Use that time on your mobile app to better understand the user experience.
Your posts stay on Pinterest for a long time. Therefore, you need to make sure your affiliate links are still going to a product that is still viable. Edit your caption to include the fact that you've updated your links to something similar to what was originally linked.
If you already have great content, don't get bogged down creating new pins. Instead, focus on updating what you already have. Going into 2018, make a list of your top ten posts and make cleaning up those posts a priority.
One of our final predictions for 2018 relates the Lens visual search tool. Pinterest is spending a lot of time and money on this visual lens. Pinterest CEO Ben Siberman thinks that soon, searches will move away from text format, and take place mainly with the camera. Make sure your images are clear and precise so that the visual machine can recognize them accurately.
Kristie's last thought is to make sure you create good pin descriptions, even if you can't see your descriptions. Other people do see and use those descriptions. Clear images, good descriptions, and great keywords are definitely the key to a great pinning experience in 2018.
We are excited for you to intentionally grow in 2018 using the Pinterest platform. Stay focused on what's working for you and don't get bogged down in what everyone else is doing. Stick what works for your site. Be smart and strategic and that intentional growth will follow.
Be sure to join my Facebook group to stay up-to-date on everything that rolls out this year on Pinterest.
Thanks for this Kate and Kristie! I've been wondering about Pinterest group boards and how to move forward with them as a part of my Pinterest Strategy so this was helpful.
I definitely will be implementing the advice to play around more on Pinterest as a user to get a better feel for the "user experience". Good stuff!
Yes! We are both big on using Pinterest like a normal user / your target audience. Good luck, hopefully 2018 brings you lots of Pinterest traffic.
Well, yes and no. It's true on basically every social media platform that a majority of your followers won't end up being a website visitor when you post something (or a video view on YouTube, for instance). Every follower is, however, a potential person who will share your post/pin/video at the right place at the right time and cause it to explode in popularity, which of course nets you tons of traffic. So, followers certainly aren't something to be scoffed at, as long as the followers are real active users who actually have a chance of sharing your stuff.
In my Analytics dashboard, I had a notification on the top of my screen saying that as of January 16, 2018, Pinterest was changing how they measured impressions. Ever since the 16th, my food blog's (Savor the Flavour) Pinterest account has had a steady decline in impressions. What does this change mean, and is it affecting my impressions?
I just listened to the podcast version of this and found it very helpful! Also, thank you for taking the time to type out all the show notes so I don't have to pull over while I'm driving to write everything down. Also love that you are a foster mama cuz my blog "thejoyfulpurpose" is about my foster adopt journey. Thank you again! Love the podcast.


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Dr. Kamal can't shut nation up forever: HPM Sheikh Hasina
Referring to an incident when Oikya Front leader Dr Kamal Hossain lashed out at a journalist, Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina on Friday said people will not be silenced by a "shut up."
The prime minister made the comment while addressing a discussion arranged by Awami League to mark Martyred Intellectuals Day, at Bangladesh Krishibid Institution in Dhaka, reports UNB.
Awami League General Secretary Obaidul Quader also spoke at the discussion, among others.
Earlier on Friday, Dr Kamal Hossain lashed out at a journalist when he was asked about his stance on Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami. The Islamist party had openly opposed Bangladesh's independence from Pakistan in 1971.
The Oikya Front leader grew visibly angry at the question from the journalist, at one point telling him to "shut up."
In the morning, Dr Kamal was part of an Oikya front delegation that paid tribute to intellectuals martyred during the Liberation War, at the memorial next to the Martyred Intellectuals Graveyard in Mirpur.
Sheikh Hasina came down heavily on Dr Kamal, Kader Siddique, Mahmudur Rahman Manna, and Sultan Mohammad Monsur for joining hands with "war criminals and corrupt persons."
She also questioned whether they feel ashamed about such associations.
Referencing Dr Kamal's outburst from earlier in the day, the prime minister said: "Will the people keep silent if you say 'khamosh' to stop them from speaking their minds? No, the people will not."
She also wondered how Oikya Front leaders could contest the election under "Sheaf of Paddy" when relatives of war criminals would run under the same symbol.
Mentioning the names of Motiur Rahman Nizami, Mojaheed and Salahuddin Quader Chowdhury, Sheikh Hasina said: "They were made ministers by BNP and were later convicted for crimes against humanity and their death sentence was also executed."
"It's shameful for the nation that the flag, which was earned in exchange for blood of millions of martyrs was handed over to them," she said adding that "BNP perhaps has no shame."
'Don't vote for war criminals'
The prime minister urged the people of the country not to cast their votes in favour of war criminals, their relatives, and corrupt elements in different constituencies, in the upcoming general elections to be held on December 30.
She said: "BNP has given nominations to war criminals who committed crimes against humanity, or their relatives, and wives and relatives of convicts, who were involved in the August 21 grenade attack."
"BNP wants to make corrupt elements get elected as representatives and also the ones who have graft cases against them. The nation didn't expect it," she said.
Sheikh Hasina further said: "People will never accept it. I think they should be more aware in this regard so that such criminals never get any votes. I would like to urge people to never cast their votes in favour of them."
She also questioned BNP's ability to find qualified candidates other than criminals or whether the party considers crimes as "qualifications.
The Awami League president also told her party's leaders and activists to make people aware of the criminals and corrupt persons so that they would not cast vote in favour of them.
War criminals, relatives, convicts
The names the prime minister mentioned as either war criminals, their relatives and relatives of killers who are contesting the general polls with "sheaf of paddy" symbol are Al Badr member Moulana Abdul Hakim in Thakurgaon 2; war crimes convict Motiur Rahman's son Barrister Nazibur Rahman,Pabna-1; war criminal HM Hamidur Rahman Azad in Cox's Bazar 2; Maulana Delwar Hossain Saydee's son Shamim Bin Saydee in Pirojpur 1; Masuda Momin Talukder, wife of fugitive war crimes convict Momin Talukder in Bogura 3; Rita Rahman, wife of Maj (retd) Khairuzzaman who is one of the killers of the four national leaders, in Rangpur 3 and wife of Lutfur Zaman Babar who is a convict in the August 21 grenade attack in Netrakona 4.
Sheikh Hasina also said to boycott the mentioned people in the election completely.
She also said: "It they come to power again, the image and progress of the country will be destroyed. The development pace of the country will be stopped."
Terming the next 11th general election as very crucial, she called upon the people to cast their votes for "Boat" in the month of victory. to advance the country towards economic victory.
Pointing out telephonic conversation of a BNP leader with an ISI agent, she said conspiracies will continue over the next general election.
The Prime Minister said they want that the election to be held in a peaceful manner on December 30.
Actress Shomi Kaiser and Dr Nujhat Chowdhury, daughters of martyred writer Shahidullah Kaiser and Dr Alim Chowdhury also spoke on the occasion.
Election 2018, Oikya Front, Dr. Kamal,


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Chances are good that vast majority of your students haven't travelled around the world, and probably haven't even left their country or even their hometown! But that doesn't mean they're not interested.
Your students are interested in the world, even more so now that you're teaching them. Making a fun and informative ESL Geography PPT is really the way to go, and this post I'll show you one of them that worked well for me over the five years I was teaching.
Informative: Students really learn a lot with this lesson and they'll get the names to some countries they may have been wondering about.
Bilingual: If you're teaching in China this lesson is great because it has all the names in Chinese and English. If you're not in China you should be able to go to Google Translate and get what you need fast.
Lengthy: This PPT seems a bit short, just 18 slides, but it really can take awhile if you put some work into it. A little planning before class will give you ten minutes of introduction, then the PPT, and then perhaps a game or activity at the end. That's pretty easy and honestly, I did that kind of stuff 5 minutes before class.
Let's go through some of the slides now, huh?
Here's the first or second slide (I usually put a big picture and title slide first) that gives students an idea of what's coming up.
If your students are anything like mine they'll probably start copying this down in their notebook. ESL students love to collect vocabulary words, and I think geography is useful.
Most of my students in China didn't know much about geography, and this ESL Geography PPT is really good to use with the game Where in the World.
Each of those continents will have a title slide like this, that students dig looking at.
When I taught this I'd go over each country, name them, get the students to repeat, and maybe tell a little of what I know about the place. Ask them what they know too, and you can probably get a few minutes out of this.
Each continent will have one country profiled, and maybe a city. It's just another chance to show them a picture, which makes it easier to elicit English sentences. Add in more picture slides yourself to get even more time from this.
What continent is this on?
What is a city in this country?
How do you spell that city?
As you can see, there are lots of options, and you could probably even get a little game out of it if you put some extra planning in before class.
The last slide of the ESL Geography PPT looks like this. I taught this a lot with grades 5 and 6, so the conversations were pretty limited. Also, my classes were huge.
Greg: So Tom, what continent do you want to go to?
Tom: Ha, that's easy – Africa!
Greg: Why do you want to go there?
Tom: Because I love hippos!
Tom: I don't know, they're beautiful!
Greg: Uh, are you sure you're OK from that football injury last week?
Tom: The doctor said I was fine.
Greg: Whoa, look at the time, I've got to go!
Overall I think you and your students will be impressed with this simple yet effective ESL Geography PPT.
You can make your own pretty easily, or save yourself some time and get this one for $0.99.


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Cymochilus panamicola är en mångfotingart som beskrevs av Chamberlin 1947. Cymochilus panamicola ingår i släktet Cymochilus och familjen småjordkrypare.

Artens utbredningsområde är Panama. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Småjordkrypare
panamicola

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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10 Minute Mail/Mint/Quotables
Spam beater:
10 Minute Mail is a disposable email address. Just go to the website, and you are presented with a newly-minted email address that self-destructs after ten minutes. Here's a sample address: l544960@mvrht.com. Use it when a web form requires an email address and you don't want to end up on their list. From the FAQ: "If the website makes you verify the email address by sending you a link you have to click on, then you can read the email right here on www.10minutemail.com and click on the link." — MF
Eatable:
We eat enough granola that we can't keep up making our own. But most store-bought granola is way too sweet with sugar. And it's expensive. For the past many years I've been gobbling up Bob's Red Mill Honey Granola, bought in 4.5 pound bulk packages on Amazon. It is only mildly sweet using honey, and not expensive. We add our own nuts, raisins, etc. — KK
Money management:
I'm liking the new Mint much more than before. Now that it's merged with Mint Bills, I can manage both bills and accounts in one place, and it was a lot easier to connect to all my accounts than before. Also, being able to view all my transactions in one place and categorize them permanently makes budgeting painless. — CD
I do most of my writing and editing in Google Docs. Sometimes, though, I am asked to edit a manuscript in Word. In those cases, I don't really use Word because it is bloated and clunky. Instead, I use a free Word-compatible word processor called Bean (for OS X only). It's snappy and the "full screen" view creates a distraction-free editing experience. — MF
Folding hack:
I thought I was a pro at folding clothes (thanks to my college days spent working at Gap), but recently came across this hack for folding North Face jackets in an Amazon review and was amazed at how compact this technique made my hoodie sweater. I rolled it into the size of softball and was able to carry it in my small crossbody bag. — CD
Quotables:
"I've always been very careful never to predict anything that has not already happened." — Marshall McLuhan
"The cure for boredom is curiosity. There is no cure for curiosity." — Dorothy Parker
"Decisions are made by those who show up." — Jennifer Pahlka
"If at first the idea is not absurd, then there is no hope for it." — Albert Einstein
"Not long ago what we have today was so implausible that nobody bothered to say it would never happen." — Marc Andreessen
"The first 90% of a project is a lot easier than the second 90%." — Tim Sweeney
"If you don't like change, you are going to like irrelevance even less." — General Shinseki
Some quotes I'm finding guidance from. (I can't vouch for the primacy of the sources.) — KK


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Q: File Storage Solution Architecture - Azure Blob Storage I have 3 application dev teams that all need to store/retrieve files from azure blob storage in their apps. I want them all to implement this in a simple, standardized way. I have been asked to implement a common solution for this problem.
I will point out that there is also a need to retrieve config information from a different service when accessing ABS.
File sizes will range from a few kb to several gbs.
I have several options, should I:

*

*Create a file service rest api that accepts requests from these clients over http and then handles the interaction with ABS (upload/download/query). To me this introduces an unnecessary middle man and increased overhead for file requests. One advantage is isolation, another is abstraction away of any complexity for the devs.

*Create an SDK wrapper for the clients to consume that interacts with ABS. Advantage is this is a simple solution and is a unified implementation across all teams. Disadvantage is I would need to support .net standard 2.0 as 1 client is .NET Framework 4.8.

*Let the teams call ABS directly using the official ABS SDK, as I think it is fairly straightforward already? Disadvantage is that they'd also need to call the config service themselves, and they also might consume the ABS sdk differently = not standardized iomplementation for business.

*Something else
Our chief architect is unsure which is the best route to go down. I think option 2 is the best for our needs.
I would love to hear your thoughts on this problem.
Thanks.

A: Both implementing a file service or creating an SDK wrapper will hardly add any value. More likely, it increases complexity, restricts the features and reduces the performance. Microsoft already has people working on good SDKs. Do you plan to match that investment in the short and long term to come up with something better?
Instead, I would focus on integrating it in your specific environment:

*

*You could provide templates or a small amount of code that get the correct storage container depending on the environment (local, test, production etc.)

*You can provide templates, code or instructions to solve the authentication (e.g. by fetching a securely stored credential).

*You can enhance the CI/CD pipeline and test environments such that each environment has its own storage containers, possibly with relevant test data.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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Closing the Gap - Book
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Closing the Gap is an autobiography of Willie Davis, the NFL great who helped define the hard-nosed, in-your-fave defense of the original football dynasty, the 1960's Green Bay Packers. This book also illustrates his persona off the field where he had a reputation of strict discipline that matched his leadership mentality. The book recounts the competitor as one of the game?s strongest, quickest, and most agile defensive linemen in his time, showcasing a team captain who led the Green and Gold to five championships and earned a bust in the Pro Football Hall of Fame. Distinguished from many other athletes of his generation, Davis's success continued well after he took off his pads. His reputation as one of the most respected businessmen in America is discussed, including his time serving on the board of directors for Fortune 500 companies, taking part in various foundations, and speaking to audiences of all ages about his experiences. From growing up in a poor, segregated small town in the South to the intense pressure he endured as a college athlete contemplating his future, this evocation pays homage to a man who has worked hard to achieve all that he has, always appreciating the fruits of his labors with care, respect, and devout passion. This book was published in 2012.
Authors: Willie Davis, Jim Martyka, and Andrea Erickson Davis
Forward by: Bart Starr
Clothbound - 6 in. x 9 in.
Willie Davis is a businessman and a former NFL football star who played with the Cleveland Browns and Green Bay Packers. He was ranked by the Sporting News as one of the top 100 greatest football players. He lives in Los Angeles.
Jim Martyka is a professional freelance writer, a ghostwriter, and an editor. He lives in Los Angeles.
Andrea Erickson Davis is a professional freelance writer, editor, artist, and community activist based in Southern California.
Bart Starr is a Pro Football Hall of Fame quarterback who led the Green Bay Packers to five championships in the 1960s under head coach Vince Lombardi. He lives in Birmingham, Alabama.
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Cream City Chronicles - Book
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Music Appreciation - Top 20 Composers
Top Composers
Adam de la Halle, (1245-1288)
A trouvère poet and composer, Adam de la Halle—sometimes known as Adam le Bossu ('Adam the Hunchback'), although he disclaimed such a sobriquet, was a native of Arras but educated in Paris. He was in the service of Charles of Anjou and visited Italy on several occasions. The suggested later date for his death is derived from the mention of an 'Adam le Boscu' in accounts of the coronation of the English King Edward II in 1307.
Voca ...
Johann Sebastian Bach belonged to a dynasty of musicians. In following inevitable family tradition, he excelled his forebears and contemporaries, although he did not always receive in his own lifetime the respect he deserved. He spent his earlier career principally as an organist, latterly at the court of one of the two ruling Grand Dukes of Weimar. In 1717 he moved to Cöthen as Court Kapellmeister to the young Prince Leopold and in 1723 made his final move to Leipzig, where he was emplo ...
BARRIOS MANGORÉ, Agustín (1885-1944)
The Paraguayan guitarist Agustín Barrios established himself as a performer throughout Latin America. His performances in Europe in the 1930s were followed by a final period spent teaching at the San Salvador Conservatory.
Barrios was a prolific composer for the guitar, sometimes, like the violinist Fritz Kreisler, attributing his compositions to earlier European composers. A virtuoso performer, inviting comparison with Segovia, he wa ...
Born in Bonn in 1770, the eldest son of a singer in the Kapelle of the Archbishop-Elector of Cologne and grandson of the Archbishop's Kapellmeister, Beethoven moved in 1792 to Vienna. There he had some lessons from Haydn and others, quickly establishing himself as a remarkable keyboard player and original composer. By 1815 increasing deafness had made public performance impossible and accentuated existing eccentricities of character, patiently tolerated by a series of rich patrons and h ...
Born in Hamburg, the son of a double bass player and his older seamstress wife, Brahms attracted the attention of Schumann, to whom he was introduced by the violinist Joachim. After Schumann's death he maintained a long friendship with the latter's widow, the pianist Clara Schumann, whose advice he always valued. Brahms eventually settled in Vienna, where to some he seemed the awaited successor to Beethoven. His blend of Classicism in form with a Romantic harmonic idiom made him t ...
CLEMENTI, Muzio (1752-1832)
The piano music of Muzio Clementi, or at least his pedagogical Gradus ad Parnassum, has been quite well known to generations of ambitious keyboard players. Clementi himself, born in Rome in 1752, was taken as a boy to England by Peter Beckford, cousin of the eccentric William Beckford. There he developed his abilities as a performer. His subsequent career brought success as a composer, teacher and pianist, and later as a manufacturer of pianos, an enterprise in which he employ ...
The youngest child and only surviving son of Leopold Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus was born in Salzburg in 1756, the publication year of his father's influential treatise on violin playing. He showed early precocity both as a keyboard player and violinist, and soon turned his hand to composition. His obvious gifts were developed, along with those of his elder sister, under his father's tutelage, and the family, through the indulgence of their then patron, the Archbishop of Salzburg, wa ...
Claude Debussy has exercised widespread influence over later generations of composers, both in his native France and elsewhere. He was trained at the Paris Conservatoire, and decided there on a career as a composer rather than as a pianist (his original intention). His highly characteristic musical language, thoroughly French in inspiration, extended the contemporary limits of harmony and form, and he had a remarkably delicate command of nuance, whether in piano writing or in the handling of ...
In the rigid official musical establishment of Paris in the second half of the 19th century Gabriel Fauré won acceptance with difficulty. He was a pupil of Camille Saint-Saëns at the École Niedermeyer and served as organist at various Paris churches, including finally the Madeleine, but had no teaching position until 1897, at the Conservatoire, where his pupils included Ravel and Enescu. In 1905 he became director of the Conservatoire in the aftermath of the scandal o ...
HANDEL, George Frideric (1685-1759)
Born in the German town of Halle in 1685, Handel studied briefly at the University of Halle before moving to Hamburg in 1703, where he served as a violinist in the opera orchestra and subsequently as harpsichordist and composer. From 1706 to 1710 he was in Italy, where he further developed his mastery of Italian musical style. Appointed Kapellmeister to the Elector of Hanover, the future George I of England, he visited London, where he composed the first London Italian opera, Rinaldo ...
Various musical paternity charges have been levelled at the composer Franz Joseph Haydn. His career coincided with the development of Classical style and forms (the symphony, sonata, string quartet and other instrumental forms), in the moulding of which he played an important part. Born in Rohrau in 1732, the son of a wheelwright, he was trained as a chorister at St Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna, where he made his early living before his appointment to the small musical establishment of ...
LISZT, Franz (1811-1886)
Liszt was the son of a steward in the service of the Esterházy family, patrons of Haydn. He was born in 1811 at Raiding in Hungary and moved as a child to Vienna, where he took piano lessons from Czerny and composition lessons from Salieri. Two years later, in 1823, he moved with his family to Paris, from where he toured as a pianist. Influenced by the phenomenal violinist Paganini, he turned his attention to the development of a similar technique as a pianist and in 1835 left Paris wi ...
MENDELSSOHN, Felix (1809-1847)
Felix Mendelssohn, grandson of the distinguished Jewish thinker Moses Mendelssohn, was born in Hamburg, the son of a banker (the additional surname Bartholdy was added to the family name when his parents converted to Christianity). The family moved to Berlin, where Mendelssohn was brought up and able to associate with a cultured circle of family friends. He was associated with the revival of public interest in the music of Johann Sebastian Bach and in the early 1830s travelled abroad for his ...
Henry Purcell was one of the greatest English composers, flourishing in the period that followed the restoration of the monarchy after the Puritan Commonwealth period. He spent much of his short life in the service of the Chapel Royal as a composer, organist and singer. With considerable gifts as a composer, he wrote extensively for the stage (particularly in a hybrid musico-dramatic form of the time), for the church, and for popular entertainment. He was a master of English word-setting and ...
MONTEVERDI, Claudio (1567-1643)
Born in Cremona in 1567, Claudio Monteverdi served at the court of the Dukes of Mantua from the early 1590s until 1612, when he moved to Venice as maestro di cappella at the basilica of St Mark, a position he retained until his death in 1643. His importance as a proponent of the so-called seconda prattica, the new concerted music characteristic of the early Baroque, is unquestioned, as is his pre-eminence in the development of the new form of opera that sprang from the combinati ...
The Italian composer and violinist Antonio Vivaldi was born in Venice in 1678 and after his ordination in 1703 embarked on an intermittent career in the service of the Ospedale della Pietà, an institution for the education of orphan, illegitimate or indigent girls. It was an establishment with a formidable musical reputation. His later career brought involvement in opera. As a composer Vivaldi was prolific, with some 500 concertos to his credit in addition to a quantity of works for th ...
Sixth of the ten children of Alessandro Scarlatti, Domenico Scarlatti was born in Naples in 1685, sharing his year of birth with Handel and J.S. Bach. After an earlier period in Italy he moved to Portugal, and thence to Madrid in the service of the Infanta Maria Barbara, after her marriage to the Spanish Infante. He remained in the service of Maria Barbara after her husband's accession to the throne and died in Madrid in 1757. He is chiefly known for the large number of short sonatas ...
The son of a schoolmaster who had settled in Vienna, Franz Schubert was educated as a chorister of the imperial court chapel. He later qualified as a schoolteacher, briefly and thereafter intermittently joining his father in the classroom. He spent his life largely in Vienna, enjoying the company of friends but never holding any position in the musical establishment or attracting the kind of patronage that Beethoven had 20 years earlier. His final years were clouded by illness as the result o ...
STRAUSS II, Johann (1825-1899)
The eldest son of Johann Strauss, and not intended by his father for a career in music, Johann Strauss the younger nevertheless established an unrivalled reputation throughout the second half of the 19th century as a composer and purveyor of light Viennese music. He involved his two younger brothers in the management and direction of dance orchestras that performed both in Vienna and abroad.
Stage Works
The younger Johann Strauss wrote some 16 operettas between 1871 ...
TCHAIKOVSKY, Pyotr Il'yich (1840-1893)
Tchaikovsky was one of the earlier students of the St Petersburg Conservatory established by Anton Rubinstein, completing his studies there to become a member of the teaching staff at the similar institution established in Moscow by Anton Rubinstein's brother, Nikolay. He was able to withdraw from teaching when a rich widow, Nadezhda von Meck, offered him financial support; this support continued for much of his life, although, according to the original conditions of the pension, they n ...
View all composers


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Operations, Digital Imaging
The "not-so-new" hot new thing
By Theano Nikitas
Although scrapbooking is one of the hottest activities in the arts and crafts market, the art of preserving memorabilia and memories in book form can be traced back for centuries in one form or another. Perhaps the most interesting bit of history is that Mark Twain was a prolific "scrapbooker," gathering and pasting bits of his life and travels into an estimated 300 scrapbooks. In fact, he probably held the first patent on a scrapbook product when, in 1872, he developed a self-adhesive scrapbook, which allowed users to moisten a pre-glued area of a page and simply press the item into place—an innovation that, all told, put $50,000 into the author and humorist's pocket.
While scrapbooking has quickly grown into a multi-billion dollar industry, the main motivation behind the practice has remained the same: to preserve memories. The proliferation of digital cameras, easy and affordable access to photo prints, a wide variety of scrapbook-related products and organizations, it's no wonder that this hobby has flourished.
But today's version of scrapbooking plays a larger role than simply the preservation of memories. Considering that many scrapbookers––perhaps the majority––are SAHMs (stay at home moms) or WAHMs (work at home moms) who spend much of their time caring for others, scrapbooking gives them an activity they can call their own. While this is mere hypothesis, it seems that moms often have a hard time taking time away from their families for themselves but because they're preserving family moments and memories, it's easier to justify the time and money spent on scrapbooking.
Theano Nikitas
Theano Nikitas Author's page
InstallerNet, Capitol Sales Partner on New Distribution Channel
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Subtle gold and beige stripes lend a touch of sophisticated color to this cozy and relaxed indoor/outdoor decorative pillow. In a durable polypropylene weave that feels and looks like linen, this throw pillow is an easy addition to your favorite gathering spaces, both indoors and out.
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How do you expect to see the effects of Brexit (continue to) play out in HE this year?
There is likely to be a drop in applications from prospective EU students due to the uncertainty sector-wide. Early signs from UCAS also suggest this. However, overall applications are up at the University of Buckingham so it has not hit us yet. We have heard from other universities that academics from the EU are leaving or expressing uncertainty, but it is not something we are experiencing.
We have always attracted students globally, and we will continue to grow those markets, as well welcoming European students. In 2017 alone our new intake of students came from over 70 countries and we have over 100 nations represented on campus overall.
UK institutions performed well in the world university rankings and league tables during 2017. Do you think they will be able to sustain this during 2017? Why (not)?
While Oxford and Cambridge universities topped the world university rankings last year, there was some slippage among the other leading universities. Universities in other countries are improving so the competition for high rankings is getting even harder. Brexit will have had no direct effect so far, but it may be that anticipation of it is causing some retrenchment and that is impacting on research output and international outlook which is crucial to the rankings.
How will the sector continue to work with the Teaching Excellence Framework this year?
The sector as a whole will be looking at the results to see what improvements they can make to do better next time round. We were ranked top in the country in a table published by the Times Higher Education. We were awarded TEF gold, the best ranking so we will look at ways of maintaining the excellent standard of teaching offered at the University of Buckingham.
The university-wide fall in applications in 2017 is expected to continue, as the size of the cohort shrinks and attractive alternatives become available. Buckingham bucked the trend with a 20% rise in applications and enrolments but we must prepare for an increasingly competitive environment. We are looking at all the courses we offer to ensure that we are providing the right courses to suit the market.
We expect to see new providers coming into the market place and more institutions offering two-year degrees following the change in legislation and we welcome this. We pioneered two-year degrees just over 40 years ago and were recently awarded University of the Year for Teaching Quality by the Times and Sunday Times Good University Guide so we are market leaders. We have shown how this is a successful model for the future and would therefore hope others can set up courses which are equally as successful.
Do you expect your institution and/or the sector as a whole to increase its reliance on digital learning this coming year? What will be the main areas of uptake?
We are providing more Moocs. Our Mooc on Stonehenge has proved to be very successful and as a result we will look at what others we can provide. There is still no substitute for excellent face to face teaching and learning and we are passionately committed to this, along with a recognition that our students need high quality remote access and virttual learning environments.
We think it is a positive development and we look forward to working closely with it. Some worry that there is a risk that it will impinge on a university's autonomy which is crucial to its success. UK Universities of all kinds are already heavily regulated with high levels of quality assurance. This supports the UK's global position as an HE system trusted by students and researchers all over the world.
What are your expectations of the Government's impending review of Higher Education funding, mentioned in Theresa May's leader's speech at the Conservative conference?
Universities have benefited greatly in the past few years from student tuition fees and the generous loan arrangements for students. These are costing the taxpayer more than intended and so may have to be reformed. The government is also under pressure to find more money for schools. It is likely to be a harsher financial climate for universities in the coming years. They will have to raise much more of their income independent of government funding. Become more like Buckingham in fact.


What does Sole Society offer in terms of women's boots?
At Sole Society, we love a good pair of boots. Whether they're infused with equestrian vibes or filled with fluffy fur, or collection of women's boots is vast. No matter what time of year it is, we always have a wide selection of boots. Over-the-knee boots, ankle boots, calf height boots—we've got them all.
Our women's boots come from all over the world. We hand select boots from some of our favorite brands, creating a unique collection that you can only find at Sole Society. Not only do we partner with big-name brands, but we also develop a signature collection of women's boots. Using only the best materials, we craft boots that will seamlessly blend into any wardrobe without breaking the bank.
Are Sole Society boots comfortable?
When selecting the boots in our collection, we base our picks off of three principal identifiers, style, comfort, and versatility. When craft and choose our shoes, we always keep the needs of the modern day woman in mind. Whether you're running around the city or taking it easy on the boardwalk, we know that comfort is a big priority in creating your outfit for the day. All of the boots in our collection are made with quality materials and crafted with comfort in mind so you can have a day worth of support wherever you end up.
If you need added comfort, we offer targeted padded inserts that can help provide your heels, toes, and feet with extra cushion. Slip them into your boots before heading out the door, and you'll be in blissful comfort all day long.
How to pick the right size and width?
Note: When shopping for boots, remember that you'll most likely be wearing socks in your boot. If you live in a climate where thick socks are a necessity, consider this before selecting your size. You may want to choose a bigger size to avoid feeling tightness.
What materials are the boots made of?
At Sole Society, every pair of boots in our collection is made from quality materials. We know that boots can last through the seasons if made with the right materials, which is why all of the boots on our site are tested and live up to our quality standards. While our boots are constructed of many different materials, a few of the most common are: Suede, Leather, Rubber, Stretch elastic, and more. These materials have proven to be long-lasting, beautiful, and always on trend.
How do you take care of women's boots?
Caring for your boots is simple if you have the right products. For leather boots, investing in a waterproof or water resistant spray will keep your boots safe and protected for years on end. You'll also need a leather conditioner to keep your boots conditioned and free of cracks and drying. Every once in a while your heels might need to be replaced. Take a look at the condition of your heels every six months. The sooner you repair your heels, the less it will cost you. If you have over the knee boots, store them with boot trees placed in them. This will hold the shape of your boots and keep them from creasing and cracking when folded over.
For suede boots, a suede brush will come in handy. A suede brush or suede eraser can help remove stubborn dirt and help eliminate stains as well. As suede begins to wear, areas get shiny and matted. These tools will help reduce those signs and keep your boots looking brand new for years on end.


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Home > Departments > University Archives > Publications > Utah State Magazine > 14
The Utah State Quarterly, Vol. 8 No. 1, November 1931
Download Full Text (11.4 MB)
The quarterly magazine for friends and alumni of Utah State University.
Utah State University, "The Utah State Quarterly, Vol. 8 No. 1, November 1931" (1931). Utah State Magazine. 14.
https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/utahstatemagazine/14


New startup Ambi is making education relevant again in the age of social media. Social collaboration and online learning does not assure goals are being met. This really helps college administrators manage touchpoints in order to make significant improvements to the student experience.
There's another use case here for membership-based organizations like the CXPA which want to increase engagement, promote content and increase certifications.


I'm excited to share this engagement session! The first part of the session, Helen asked if we can do some bridal portraits. We met at the Disney Concert Hall…it was my first time really exploring the concert hall, and it was so beautiful! Helen and Paul are so in love…and it was so evident the whole time I was with them. I also loved when they made each other laugh. They were absolutely adorable together…and I can't wait until their wedding next month!
I LOOOOOVE it a lot!
Beautiful! Now I want to go take pictures there!


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Nigel Havers >
Nigel Havers Quit Reality Show Over Fellow Contestant
By WENN in Movies / TV / Theatre on 13 October 2015
Follow Nigel Havers
British Actor Nigel Havers Walked Out Of A Reality Tv Show Because He Had Been Driven Into A Murderous Rage By A Fellow Contestant.
Picture: Nigel Havers - 2015 RHS Chelsea Flower Show press & VIP preview day at the Royal Hospital Chelsea in London at Royal Hospital Chelsea -...
The veteran star signed up for jungle-based survival show I'm A Celebrity... Get Me Out of Here! in 2010 but he quit after 12 days of living in a camp in an Australian rainforest.
His decision to leave came hours after he refused to take part in a challenge in which contestants received electric shocks, but he has now revealed he walked off the show because he loathed a fellow competitor, former British Member of Parliament (MP) Lembit Opik.
Nigel tells U.K. TV show Good Morning Britain, "I had a bit of free time and I thought it would be fun... (but) I didn't enjoy it for one single bit. I was so bored... Talking to the others - after a while, what do you talk about?
"And there was a guy, an ex-MP, called Lembit Opik. I nearly killed him! I wanted to kill him, and if I found him again I probably would try to. He drove me mad."
However, Nigel admits he did form an unlikely friendship with one fellow contestant - reformed Happy Mondays wildman Shaun Ryder.
He adds, "But there was a very nice guy there from Happy Mondays, whose name temporarily escapes me. He was great. He said to me at one stage, 'I've taken every drug known to man - except petrol.' He was quite an interesting guy."
Affair Made Nigel Havers Suicidal
Havers Quits Jungle Reality Show
Havers' Wife 'Furious' Over I'm A Celeb... Appearance
Havers' Onscreen Fling With Field Angered Wife
Havers Wins Court Battle Over Late Wife's Estate
Farewell To The King Movie Review
Havers Rejected Princess Diana's Romantic Advances