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Crypto Glossary
Crypto Glossarycarlamaree2021-08-02T07:24:39+00:00
51% Attack
A 51% attack is an attack on a blockchain by a number of miners who control over 50% of the network's mining hash rate. 51% attacks can try and stop other miners, completing blocks and cause disruption.
Altcoins are alternative cryptocurrencies that have been created after Bitcoin, such as Ethereum and Binance Coin. Often referred to as 'Alts', Altcoins are considered to offer competition to Bitcoin, as well as different use-cases and generational updates.
Average Confirmation Time
Confirmation time refers to the time taken between the point at which a blockchain transaction enters the network and when it's confirmed on the chain. The average speed of a network's transaction speed, is called Average Confirmation Time.
AI (Artificial Intelligence)
AI is the ability for machines to be programmed and learn how to think, act and solve problems in human-like ways.
Airdrops refer to a new cryptocurrency token being created and dropped (deposited) into users' wallets for free. Example: Holders of XRP in 2020 had their wallets snapshotted to qualify them for a Flare Token airdrop in 2021.
Blockchain is a unique type of database that stores data in blocks, such as Bitcoin's blockchain.
Bitcoin was created in 2009 by Satoshi Nakamoto, as the first digital currency, to deliver an alternative and decentralised payment system.
Byzantine Generals Problem
The Byzantine Generals Problem is a term from computer science, referring to a scenario where involved actors must agree on a single strategy, to avoid complete failure, but where some of the involved actors are corrupted with bad data and unreliable.
BGP (Border Gateway Protocol)
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a standardised exterior gateway protocol created to swap routing and reachability information between autonomous systems like blockchains on the web.
Binance is currently the largest online cryptocurrency exchange, enabling users can trade hundreds of coins and use digital investing products. Created by Changpeng Zhao in 2017.
Binance Coin (BNB) is the cryptocurrency issued by Binance exchange and trades with the BNB symbol. BNB is limited to 200 million tokens.
BTC (Bitcoin)
BTC is the abbreviation for Bitcoin, the world's first cryptocurrency, created under the alias of Satoshi Nakamoto in 2009.
BCH (Bitcoin Cash)
Bitcoin Cash (BCH) forked from the Bitcoin (BTC) Network on August 1, 2017, enabling more block transactions, lower fees and faster average confirmation speed.
BNB (Binance Coin)
Binance Coin (BNB) is the cryptocurrency issued by Binance exchange and trades with the BNB symbol. BNB is limited to 200 million tokens and is used to pay for transaction fees on Binance.com, Binance DEX, and Binance Chain.
In blockchains, blocks are used to store data and are linked together via cryptography. Each block holds a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp, and transaction data (Merkle tree).
Bitcoin price refers to the cost of one Bitcoin at a certain point in time. Fundamentally, Bitcoin demand increases the price of Bitcoin, and versa versa.
Bitcoin Supply
Bitcoin supply is limited to 21 million BTC according to the original protocol, with mining currently scheduled to cease in 2140.
Bitcoin Pizza Day
May 22 is Bitcoin Pizza Day, celebrating the anniversary of Florida resident, Laszlo Hanyecz, who is the first person to have used BTC for a commercial transaction (he bought two pizzas).
Bitcoin ATM (Automated Teller Machine) is a kiosk that enables users to buy Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies with cash or debit card.
Block Height Block
Block height is a specific location in a blockchain, dependent on the block number preceding it. Block height denotes the current size and time in creation.
A block reward is the number of bitcoins received for successfully mining a block of a cryptocurrency. In BTC, block rewards halve every 210,000 blocks (approx. every four years).
Block Confirmation
A block confirmation means a transaction being included in a block on the blockchain, supporting the confirmation process.
Block time is the time required to make the next block on a blockchain, dependent on a miner to finding a solution to the hash.
Big Data refers to the huge data sets that may be analysed via super computers to find patterns, trends, and links, most notably about human behaviour and interactions.
Crypto is the abbreviation for cryptocurrency, is a digital currency that can be used to buy goods and services and/or as a utility. Crypto works via blockchain (ledger) with strong cryptography.
Cryptocurrency (Crypto), is a digital currency that can be used to buy goods and services and/or as a utility. Crypto works via blockchain (ledger) with strong cryptography.
Cryptography enables for secure communication in the presence of malicious third-party actors (adversaries). It uses encryption algorithms and a key to change basic input data into an encrypted output (ciphertext).
Offline crypto holding is knows as custodial storage (cold storage wallets), supporting maximum security for crypto investors.
Cold storage is a means of holding digital data such as cryptocurrency, offline, on devices such as hardware wallets. All keys and passwords in the ownership of the user.
Centralised Ledger
A centralised ledger (General ledger) holds all the accounts for recording transactions linked to a company's assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, and expenditure.
Consensus protocol ensures new blockchain blocks, are valid, as agreed by all the nodes in a blockchain. A consensus algorithm seeks to finding a common agreement the entire network.
Currency is a medium of exchange for goods and services. Cryptocurrency is digitised currency.
A commodity is a basic good used in business that can be exchanged with other goods of a similar type. Cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin are increasingly viewed as commodities in the digital economy.
Clients in blockchain are software enablers, which facilitate users to participate in the network and sync with others.
A coin is traditionally a piece of hard material, which is used as a form of money, but have evolved to become non-physical, encoded crypto coins, in the digital economy.
Cold Wallet
See Cold Storage
Confirmation refers to the act of consensus on a blockchain network, meaning a transaction has validated in the chain.
DeFi (Decentralised Finance)
Decentralised finance (DeFi) is a blockchain-based finance solution, which does no rely on centralised financial bodies, such as banks and brokerages. DeFi uses smart contracts on blockchains, such as Ethereum.
Decentralised refers to decentralised market and technology, which cryptocurrencies, which means users can trade directly with other users, without a centralised exchange such as a bank.
Distributed Ledger
Distributed ledgers are databases that are openly shared and synched across many places, institutions, locations – and accessible by many actors. Bitcoin's blockchain is a classic example of distributed ledger.
DLT (Distributed Ledger Technology)
Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is a protocol that elicits the safe operation of a decentralised digital database. Data stored via DLT becomes locked in an immutable database, subject to the network's rules.
DigiCash Inc. was an electronic money company, create by David Chaum in 1989. DigiCash was a unique breakthrough, due to using anonymous cryptographic protocols.
DOGE (Dogecoin)
Dogecoin (DOGE) is a cryptocurrency originally made by software engineers Billy Markus and Jackson Palmer, as a joke. Over time, DOGE has gained value, famously fuelled by bullish tweets from Elon Musk.
Digital signatures are digitised and encrypted, marks of authentication on digital data, including email messages, contracts, and diverse electronic documentation.
Digital currency is any currency, money, or money-like asset that is fundamentally managed, stored or used on the Internet, such as Monero.
Digitalised Commodities
Digital Commodities are in-demand digital assets, with some form of perceived value. Bitcoin and Ethereum are examples of digitised commodities.
DAO (Digital Decentralised Autonomous Organisation)
A decentralised autonomous organisation (DAO), is an organisation that runs via rules that are encoded via computer software. DAO is transparent and decentralised, with no central governance. Otherwise known as DAC.
Decentralised Application (DApp)
A decentralised application (DApp) is a computer app that operates on a distributed computer network.
Digital assets refer to anything digital, that has perceived value. Digital asset examples, include crypto coins, NFTs, art, music, images, videos, websites, databases, and more.
Digital identity refers to the data that supports the creation of a verifiable person identity, digitally.
Double Spend
Double-spending is an error in a digital cash system, resulting in a digital token, being spent more than once.
Ethereum is a decentralised, open-source blockchain with smart contract features. Ethereum is the most actively used blockchain.
ETH (Ether)
Ether (ETH) is the native cryptocurrency of the Ethereum platform. After Bitcoin, it is the second-largest cryptocurrency by market capitalisation. ETH works as a digital fuel in transactions, creating different transaction burn and fees.
A cryptocurrency exchange (digital currency exchange) is a platform that enables users to trade (buy, sell, convert) cryptocurrencies and digital assets, as well as stake coins and invest in crypto pools.
Encryption is the method of converting data into secret coding, that secures the information. This is a vital aspect of blockchain and crypto.
ERC20 Token Standard
ERC20 tokens are the standard token used for generating and issuing smart contracts on Ethereum blockchain. ERC stands for Ethereum request for comment' was launched in 2015.
ERC721 Token Standard
ERC721 tokens are more frequently called Non-Fungible tokens (NFTs) and enable allow developers to tokenise ownership of any arbitrary data and magnify the design area via tokenisation on Ethereum blockchain.
Crypto exchange rates refer to the conversion price between two currencies, in real-time (e.g. Exchanging 1 ETH for BTC).
Fungible
In the digital world, Fungibility is the property of a digital product or commodity, whose individual units are in essence, interchangeable, and each of its parts is identical (e.g. like a Bitcoin token).
In blockchain, a fork refers to a blockchain, diverging into two potential paths into the future, such as a change in protocol.
Soft Fork: A change to the software protocol where only previously valid transaction blocks are invalidates. Backwards-compatible.
Hard Fork: A a radical evolution to network protocol, eliciting previously invalid blocks and transactions valid, or vice-versa. All nodes must be upgraded.
Fiat Currency
Fiat currency is government-issued money that is not backed by a commodity such as gold or silver. Fiat gives central banks greater control of the economy, such as the British Pound, Euro, and U.S. Dollar.
Genesis Block
A Genesis Block is the name stamped on the first block of a cryptocurrency, such as Bitcoin, ever mined.
On-chain governance is a system for managing and implementing changes to crypto blockchains. Governance rules are encoded into a blockchain protocol. All nodes vote on whether to accept or reject changes, proposed by developers.
Gas (Ethereum)
In crypto, 'Gas' refers to the fee, or pricing level, needed to fully elicit a transaction or execute a contract on the Ethereum blockchain.
Hash is the maths function that crypto and blockchains use to encrypt inputted data via cryptocurrency
Hash Key
A hash key is a small value that is used to denote a large bit of data in a hash system, such as blockchain transactions.
A hardware wallet is a cryptocurrency wallet which stores an individual's private keys and crypto, in a secure hardware device such as a pen drive wallet.
Hot storage is cloud storage of crypto, such as in an exchange wallet like Coinbase or Binance. Hot storage wallets are very fast for frequent access, such as trading.
Halving is the point when Bitcoin's block allocation gets cut in half. The halving of Bitcoin's block occurs every 210,000 blocks (approx. every four years). Over time, less and less BTC is therefore minded.
A Hard Fork is a radical evolution to network protocol, eliciting previously invalid blocks and transactions valid, or vice-versa. All nodes must be upgraded.
HODL means 'hold on for dear life and is a popular phrase used b crypto investors, when deciding to hold and not sell a coin, despite potential market turbulence.
Hybrid Consensus Model: PoS / PoW
Hybrid PoW/PoS consensus mechanisms uses features of both PoW and PoS models when determining transaction validation access. This hybrid aims to neutralise the weaknesses of each consensus mechanism.
Hashrate Distribution
Hashrate Distribution is an estimation of hashrate distribution amongst the biggest mining pools. It should be relied upon 100% but gives a valuable estimation.
Immutability in crypto, is the capacity of a blockchain ledger to remain unaltered and unchanged.
ICO (Initial Coin Offering)
An Initial Coin Offering (ICO) is the release of a new coin or digital asset, working in a similar way to the release of a new stock. ICOs may happen on one or more crypto exchanges.
Central to digital world, The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated, internet-connected objects that are able to collect and move data over a wireless network without human involvement.
Public and private keys are a crucial part of Bitcoin and other crypto currencies, facilitating exchange, without a third party for verification.
Public Key cryptography (asymmetric cryptography), is a cryptographic system that uses pairs of public keys and private keys, generated via cryptographic algorithms.
Private Key cryptography enables users to access their cryptocurrency and uses advanced cryptographic to protect data and secure transactions and funds.
KYC (Know Your Customer)
KYC (Know Your Customer) refers to the processes used by crypto exchanges and products, to verify one's identity, analyse risk profile and optimise security for all parties.
A cryptocurrency public ledger is a record-keeping system that keeps users' identities private, along with account balances of cryptocurrencies.
LTC (Litecoin)
Litecoin (LTC) is a peer-to-peer cryptocurrency and open-source software project, released in 2011, as a Bitcoin alt. LTC is very similar to Bitcoin in terms of technical structure.
The Lightning Network is a "layer 2" payment system made to be layered on top of a blockchain-based cryptocurrency like as BTC or LTC, to support faster transactions.
Liberland
Free Republic of Liberland is a sovereign state located between Croatia and Serbia, founded by its President, Vit Jedlicka. The Liberland merit is the currency of Liberland and the country function on blockchain. The country's motto is: 'To live and let live'.
Liquidity in crypto, is the ease at which one can convert cryptocurrency into cash — and whether this can be attained without the asset's value dropping. Highly liquid assets, can typically be bought around market price at the time.
Bitcoin mining is the process used to create new bitcoins, which are created via very complex computers, that solve extremely complex math problems to mint coins.
Monero is a privacy-focused cryptocurrency created in 2014, using open-source protocol based on the CryptoNote application layer. Monero is currently one of the leading privacy coins.
Mining Farm
A mining farm is a dedicated area and business operation, which operates a large number of commercial cryptocurrency mining computers, using sophisticated technology.
Market Cap (Market Capitalisation)
Market capitalisation (market cap) is the total value of all the crypto coins that have been mined. In crypto, market cap is calculated by the sum of coins minded, multiplied by the coin value at the time of calculation.
Multi Signature (MultiSig)
Multi-signature arrangements are a process that uses multiple signatures or keys, rather than one signature, to authorize a Bitcoin or crypto transaction.
Machine Learning Models
A machine learning model is a file that has been programmed to recognize various types of patterns, using algorithms to enable reason to solve complex problems.
A Merkle root is a simple mathematical method that enabled data verification on a Merkle tree. In crypto Merkle roots are used to maintain data integrity across blockchains.
NFT (Non-Fungible Token)
A non-fungible token (NFT) is a unit of data stored on a blockchain. NFTs certify a digital asset to be unique and thus not interchangeable – such as photos, videos, audio, and other types of digital files. NFTs have a diverse range of use cases and may be central to the future digital economy.
Non-Custodial
A non-custodial wallet is a form of crypto wallet that enables users to hold and own their private key, while having total control of funds. Keys are stored with encryption.
Nodes on a cryptocurrency network are computers that connects to a cryptocurrency blockchain and is used to validate and process transactions. For example, on Bitcoin network, all nodes fully enforce all BTC rules.
The node or computer supports the network. It supports it through validation and relaying transactions. … Full nodes fully enforce all the Bitcoin rules.
In cryptography, a nonce is an random number that can be used just once in a cryptographic communication, meaning old communications cannot be used again in replay attacks.
Network Hash Rate
The hash rate is the measuring unit of the processing power of a crypto network. In Bitcoin, a hash rate of 10 Th/s means it could perform 10 trillion calculations per second.
The number of users in crypto, refer to the number of global crypto users (reached 106 million in January 2021).
A paper wallet is a printed bit of paper that features keys and QR codes that are used to elicit cryptocurrency transactions.
Private Key
Public Ledger
The public ledger is a record-keeping system that maintains users' identities in secure and (pseudo-)anonymous form, plus cryptocurrency balances, and a store of all the legitimate transactions executed between network users.
Privkey
The Privkey is a secret key coded with an algorithm to encrypt and decrypt code and offer high levels of security for crypto.
Pubkey
In crypto, the Pubkey is a large numerical code that is used to encrypt data. In asymmetric cryptography, Pubkey encrypted data, can only be unlocked with the corresponding Privkey.
Proof of Work (PoW)
Proof of Work (PoW) is a type of cryptographic zero-knowledge proof in which one actor (the prover) proves to others (the verifiers) that a certain amount of a specific computer effort has been expended.
P2P (Peer / Peer-to-Peer)
Peer-to-Peer in crypto (P2P) refers to the exchange of currencies between users (Peers) that are not generated by a central bank, such as with Bitcoin.
In Private blockchain, only a single organisation can read and write on the ledger (e.g. a private company's blockchain). Nodes are also limited to a certain number, and can also delete entries on a block.
Public Blockchain
In a public blockchain, any user can read and write on the ledger. The public blockchain can not be altered once data is entered.
Proof of Authority
Proof of authority is a blockchain algorithm, that provides relatively fast transactions through a consensus mechanism based on identity as a stake. VeChain is a leading PoA crypto.
Proof of stake is a type of consensus mechanism for blockchains, which uses selected validators in proportion to their quantity of holdings in the relevant cryptocurrency.
Quantum Supremacy
Quantum supremacy (quantum advantage) is the process of showing that a programmable quantum device can solve a problem that no standard computer can solve in a viable timeframe.
Quantum Computing/ Computer
Quantum computing is the use of collective properties of quantum states, such as superposition and entanglement, to elicit computation.
Qubits
A qubit is in quantum computing, is the basic unit of quantum data.
Satoshi Nakamoto
Satoshi Nakamoto, is the alias of the person who created Bitcoin in 2007. Satoshi wrote Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, Bitcoin's famous White Paper.
Smart contracts are digital contracts. They are computerised transaction protocols, which have the ability to automatically execute, control and document legally relevant acts, creating binding contracts.
Soft Fork
Soft Forks refer to changes in blockchain software protocols, where-by only changes to perviously valid transaction blocks are made invalid. Soft Forks are still recognised by old nodes, meaning a soft fork is backwards-compatible.
Satoshi Byte
Satoshi per Byte is a measurement scale for for determining transaction priority (Satoshi transaction's fee in Satoshi, divided by the byte size of the transaction).
Crypto trading refers to the concept of buying and selling crypto assets via exchanges such as Coinbase and Binance, with the aim of creating a profitable trade ('Buy low Sell high').
Crypto tokens are specific virtual currency tokens or cryptocurrencies denominations. Tokens are fungible and tradable assets or utilities that reside on their own blockchains.
The blockchain transaction fee, is a cryptocurrency payment fee, charged to users when executing crypto transactions. The lower the transaction fee, the lower your transaction's priority in the chain.
Transaction Volume
Transaction volumes on on crypto, represents the movement of coins across blockchains. For example, the volume of BTC transactions in a 24h period, or the total number of crypto transactions across the whole Ethereum blockchain.
24 hour volume in crypto, denotes the volume of a particular cryptocurrency, traded in the pervious 24h period. For example, how many thousand Bitcoins were traded yesterday, on a specific exchange, or across the whole Internet.
Wallets are traditionally, storage units made of leather of synthetic material, that hold coins, notes and payment cards, which can be used to make payments. Digital wallets operate as electronic payment wallets, for fiat and crypto.
Web wallets enable access to one's crypto, from any browser or mobile, connected to the Internet. Coinbase, Binance and Crypto.com are well established web wallet providers.
In crypto, White Papers are detailed document released by projects, to give an oversight of a coin's general concept, technology, and future goals. Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System, by Satoshi Nakamoto is the most famous.
'Whales' are considered to be individuals or groups who own large volumes of specific cryptocurrencies, giving them the leverage to manipulate the value of cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, and trade the volatility.
Ripple (XRP) is a real-time gross settlement infrastructure, currency exchange and remittance system, owned by Ripple Labs Inc., a US tech firm.
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Is anybody else as excited as I am?
To welcome the spring and the inevitable backyard parties that summer will bring, I made a serving tray in their honor.
Now don't be so surprised at how simple this is, k?
I then took some jute and wrapped the glass, this probably took way too long but I had to cover up the shotty job I did at attempting to spray paint it. But it turned out looking pretty cool, dontchathink?
I haven't used this yet, but I can't wait to start putting cookies, and cupcakes, and brownies and candies....and now I'm just getting myself hungry....on it.
Enjoy the good weather everyone!!!
That's a great idea. I LOVE the colors and patterns of the plates!!!
Cute. I love those plates!!!


Your home's siding has two main functions: to protect your home from the elements and to help regulate temperatures indoors. Considering how much surface it covers, your siding also plays a big part in aesthetics. When choosing the color of your siding, Peak Roofing Contractors offers the four questions that will help you pick the best one for your home.
Question 1: What does your neighborhood look like?
Harmony is a big concept when it comes to color. Many siding contractors in Manassas, VA, will suggest you pick a color close to what's a common theme in your area. This ensures your home doesn't stick out like a sore thumb. Of course, if your neighborhood happens to be eclectic in its color palette, explore something different.
Question 2: What's the architectural style of your home?
There are different prominent styles in the United States, but you can categorize these as either classic or contemporary. Classic home styles like the Queen Anne favor lighter, simpler colors. The complexity of their design is part of their appeal and light colors accentuate this. Contemporary, modern homes are more boxy and simpler; these are open to a wider range of colors.
Question 3: What's your roof's color?
Your roof and its gutters in Manassas, VA, tend to last longer than your siding. As such, it's best to match or complement them. If your roof is dark, make sure to match them with lighter colors. Choosing dark colors for siding with a dark roof only makes your home look gloomy. If your roof happens to be of a lighter or neutral hue, then you're free to experiment.
Question 4: Did you check for variances in light?
Light—or the lack of it—can make color shift in appearance. What looks great to you in the bright of day might not be as appealing when evening comes. It's a good idea to place several swatches of your favored colors on different sides of your home. Observe how these look at different times. It should guide your decision when shopping for a siding color.
Another option is to consult Peak Roofing Contractors. We'll be more than happy to discuss with you the many color options we have. We'll even help you choose the one that fits your home perfectly no matter the time of day. Call us today at (703) 745-5153.


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OCAP | OCAP Updates
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June 5, 2018 In Events, Speaking Series
Speakers Series: Policing Black Lives
Policing Black Lives: State Violence in Canada from Slavery to the Present
Thursday, June 21 | 6pm – 8pm | CRC, 40 Oak St.
Delving behind Canada's veneer of multiculturalism and tolerance, this talk will trace the violent realities of anti-Black racism from the slave ships to prisons, classrooms and beyond, providing a comprehensive account of nearly four hundred years of state-sanctioned surveillance, criminalization and punishment off Black lives in Canada.
Speaker: Robyn Maynard
Robyn is a Black feminist writer, grassroots community organizer and intellectual based in Montreal. Her work has appeared in the Toronto Star, the Montreal Gazette, World Policy Journal and Canadian Women Studies Journal.
June 2, 2018 In Defeat Ford, Ending Violence Against Women, Fighting Patriarchy, Gentrification, Homelessness
Three Reasons to Join Us at the Defeat Ford Rally
Placards to be used at the rally.
As you know, today we take the fight against austerity to Doug Ford's doorstep, with a rally at his campaign headquarters. Here are three reasons why you should join us there:
1. Challenging Ford is important because he represents the most extreme form of the austerity agenda. We are equally convinced, however, that the day after the election, whatever its result and whoever forms the government, that the struggle against that agenda will have to continue.
2. If that struggle is against Ford, we will be fighting a hard right regime. If the NDP wins, from day one, big business will be working to push them to the right, and only a serious social mobilization will be able to counter this.
3. The argument that we should not take to the streets during the election for fear of "helping Ford," will go over to insisting that we not act to pressure an NDP Government because that might hurt their chances of re-election. We can't accept this and make clear that our fight is against austerity and the war on the poor in whatever form they are delivered.
There is still some room on the buses, so even if you haven't registered, feel free to come to one of our bus pick up spots (at Sherbourne & Carlton or at St.George Station, Bedford exit) at 12:30pm. Buses leave at 1pm. We'll have shwarma and falafel wraps available for people. The rally location is also accessible by TTC. See you there!
June 1, 2018 In Media Releases
Media Release: OCAP to rally at Doug Ford's Campaign Headquarters on Saturday, June 2
Toronto: The Ontario Coalition Against Poverty (OCAP), along with a coalition of grassroots organizations, is organizing a rally outside Doug Ford's campaign headquarters at 2141 Kipling Avenue, this Saturday, June 2 at 2pm. Additional details about the rally are available on OCAP's website at ocap.ca/defeat-ford-action.
"We believe the only way for the struggling people of this province to win is to build determined social movements capable of taking on whoever gets in power. A Ford government would intensify the ongoing attack on poor and working class people, and so a resistance movement powerful enough to confront and defeat him must be built," says John Clarke, organizer with OCAP, of the motivation behind the rally.
Support for Ford is slipping but a hard-right government led by the Conservatives remains a serious possibility. OCAP is no stranger to the Fords, having fought the Ford brothers' attacks poor and homeless people during Rob Ford's mayoralty at city hall. The current slew of corruption scandals, lies, bullying, and racism that has plagued Doug Ford's election campaign is no surprise given his past record. It's also a harbinger of worse to come should Ford actually become premier of Ontario.
"Much has been made about the lack of a costed platform by the Conservatives, but most people know what they they are concealing. A Ford government promises tax-breaks for corporations and the wealthy, and service cuts for the rest of us who depend on public hospitals, education, roads, transit, income support and decent jobs. That's not the basis on which an election can be won, so they're choosing deceit and empty populism," says Chris Ramsaroop, migrant rights organizer and lifelong resident of North Etobicoke, the riding Ford is trying to win a seat in.
"We are equally convinced, however, that the day after the election, whatever its result and whoever forms the government, that the struggle against austerity will have to continue. If that struggle is against Ford, we will be fighting a hard right regime. If the NDP wins, from day one, big business will be working to push them to the right, and only a serious social mobilization will be able to counter this. That's precisely what we intend to build," adds Clarke.
Confirmed speakers at the rally will include representatives from OCAP, the $15 and Fairness campaign, the Overdose Prevention Society, Health Providers Against Poverty, Canadian Union of Public Employees Local 3903 (York University), and migrant justice activists.
Media Spokespersons:
John Clarke, Ontario Coalition Against Poverty & Chris Ramsaroop, Migrant justice activist and lifelong resident of Etobicoke
May 30, 2018 In Homelessness, Shelter Crisis
Stop Scapegoating Refugees & Build Social Housing and Shelters
Faced with a rise in refugee claimants fleeing harrowing conditions of war in their countries of origin, and racism in the United States, politicians from all three levels of government are blaming the decades-old shelter crisis on people in desperate need of refuge. Erasing over 20 years of their own complicity in creating and entrenching homelessness, politicians are playing political dodgeball over who should pay to shelter refugees. The fact that their political rhetoric is increasing bigotry and the potential for racist violence towards an already traumatized people seems to matter little.
Toronto is in the midst of a housing crisis that is a product of over two decades of municipal, provincial and federal refusal to build new public housing and co-ops, and to adequately maintain existing housing. All three levels of government permitted the unrestrained expansion of the private housing market – run by landlords, developers and property speculators – that uses homes as cash cows to be milked for profit. A whole generation of people has been priced out of homes, and almost half the renters in this city struggle to pay rent. Average rents in the city far exceed the entire income of those on social assistance.
Homelessness became a serious problem in the 1990s, and has worsened dramatically. The city's emergency shelter system never kept pace with the rising demands and has faced a bed-shortage since the late 1990s. In 1998 City Council made a commitment to fix the bed shortage, but in the 20 years that have since passed, they refused to dedicate the resources to make that happen. Meanwhile, the homeless death toll keeps rising, with at least 100 succumbing to the harshness of life on the streets in 2017. The informal tally maintained by volunteers at the Homeless Memorial since 1985 now exceeds a thousand dead.
For over two decades homeless people and housing advocates have fought tooth and nail for the expansion of shelters and public housing. These fights have forced a few life-saving victories: the creation of 24 hour women and trans drop-ins, respite centres, and the addition of a few new shelter beds. But with successive Mayors, Premiers and Prime Ministers relentlessly pushing service cuts and refusing to clamp down on the private housing market profiteers, the fights have largely prevented existing services from being lost entirely. They have not resulted in the sufficient expansion of shelters or the creation of housing that is affordable for poor and working class people.
Those in power rule by dividing and conquering. Poor and homeless people who were born in Canada, and those who have lived here a long time, should remember that our well-being has never mattered to such politicians. Mayor John Tory pushed through a 2.6% cut to shelters in the 2017 budget and actively sabotaged attempts to add 1000 beds to the system. When he campaigned to become Mayor in 2003, one of his campaign promises was to ban poor people from panhandling in the downtown core. Provincially, first the Conservative government gutted social assistance, and then the Liberals ended the need-based cost-sharing agreements for shelters and homelessness services with municipalities. Federally, funding for building new social housing and coops was eliminated in the mid-nineties, in many ways initiating the crisis we see today. The "National Housing Strategy," announced last year, doesn't commit any major funding until after the next election, and will not lead to an expansion of rent-geared-to-income housing.
The only way for poor and homeless people in Toronto to win is by refusing to fall for the divisive traps politicians are setting for us. Most people in Canada today are immigrants, or are descendants of immigrants, and we must unite with the refugees who have been pushed out of their nations by politicians who share a lot in common with those who run ours. Let's welcome refugees and build a united front powerful enough to win decent shelter and housing for us all. Fight To Win.
Partial Victory: Fred Victor Drop-In Update – Sign Revised Petition to Ensure Full Victory
Shortly following the launch of the petition and the open letter, we received a response from Fred Victor management indicating that the drop-in closure won't proceed indefinitely as was previously indicated. The drop-in closure will be limited to four days, and it will reopen on Monday, May 28. We're glad public pressure has ensured the critical drop-in does not shut down. Thanks to all those who shared and signed the petition.
However, management did not address the persistent problems of under-funding and under-staffing that have plagued the drop-in for quite some time. This means the drop-in will continue operating at half its original service duration and place continued strain on workers. So we are demanding that Fred Victor commit to reinstating the drop-in to its original four hour service duration and addressing the staff shortage by guaranteeing at least four full-time staff with relief worker support. The petition has been updated and available below. Please keep signing and sharing it. We also continue to call on the City and the Province to fund drop-in services adequately. We'll keep you updated about additional actions, as necessary. #FightToWin
Open Letter to Fred Victor Management: Stop the Closure of the Open House Drop-In!
The following is an open letter to Mark Aston, CEO of Fred Victor, about the abrupt closure of the Open House Drop-in program on Tuesday, May 22. Instead of addressing the long-standing issues of under-staffing at the drop-in, management at Fred Victor decided to just end the program, cutting off a critical service to dozens of people in the neighbourhood. Such callous disregard for the lives of poor people in the neighbourhood and the needs of agency workers cannot be tolerated. Please sign the petition demanding that Fred Victor reinstate the drop-in and provide adequate staffing.
Dear Mark Aston,
We've learned that the Fred Victor Centre will be closing its Open House Drop-In program, located at 145 Queen Street East, indefinitely starting Tuesday, May 22. The sudden shutdown of this decades-old program was announced on Monday, May 14, just a week prior to the closing date. It's shocking that you would choose such a course of action at a time when the shelter and opioid crisis are claiming the lives of at least 2 homeless people weekly.
The move appears to be a response to the on-going issue of understaffing at the drop-in. But Fred Victor management has been aware of these staffing shortages for quite some time. Around this time last year Fred Victor received multiple letters identifying significant concerns about deteriorating service and staffing levels at the drop-in.
Instead of responding to these concerns with demonstrable efforts to secure funding for adequate staffing, you chose first, to cut the drop-in hours in half, and, now, are eliminating the service completely. These actions demonstrate management's disregard for the needs of both: the agency workers and service users.
The loss of the Open House Drop-In program will jeopardize the lives of people in an area that has been identified as a "priority neighbourhood" by the Toronto Central Local Health Integration Network. Faced with such cuts and escalating homelessness, OCAP has been fighting to defend and expand homeless services in this city. We will not allow this key service in the neighbourhood to be lost. A petition addressed to you and the Fred Victor board of directors has been initiated, and we are prepared to mobilize further, if necessary.
We expect an urgent response from Fred Victor that will facilitate the continued operation of the drop-in and the reinstatement of its original four-hour service duration, with food provided, and operated with four full-time staff with relief worker support. The drop-in is an essential resource and every day that it remains closed and without resolution to staffing issues, people are at increased risk in the neighbourhood.
A copy of this letter is being sent to Wangari Muriuki, board chair at Fred Victor, Councillor Wong-Tam, Paul Raftis and Mary-Anne Bedard at SSHA, and Susan Fitzpatrick at the Toronto Central LHIN.
Yogi Acharya, on behalf of the
157 Carlton St., Unit 201
Toronto, ON M5a 2K3
Petition: Stop the Closure of the Fred Victor's Open House Drop-In Program
This sign was posted at the entrance to the Fred Victor Open House drop-in on May 14, just a week before the decades-old drop was suddenly scheduled to close.
Update: Shortly following the launch of the petition and the open letter, we received a response from Fred Victor management indicating that the drop-in closure won't proceed indefinitely as was previously indicated. The drop-in closure will be limited to four days, and it will reopen on Monday, May 28. We're glad public pressure has ensured the critical drop-in does not shut down. Thanks to all those who shared and signed the petition.
However, management did not address the persistent problems of under-funding and under-staffing that have plagued the drop-in for quite some time. This means the drop-in will continue operating at half its original service duration and place continued strain on workers. So we are demanding that Fred Victor commit to reinstating the drop-in to its original four hour service duration and addressing the staff shortage by guaranteeing at least four full-time staff with relief worker support. The petition has been updated, please keep signing and sharing it. We also continue to call on the City and the Province to fund drop-in services adequately. We'll keep you updated about additional actions, as necessary. #FightToWin
To: Wangari Muriuki, Board Chair, and Mark Aston, CEO, of Fred Victor, Toronto. Aston is also the frequent spokesperson for the Toronto Alliance to End Homelessness.
Starting Tuesday, May 22, the Fred Victor Open House drop-in program at 145 Queen Street East is scheduled to close "until further notice." The announcement was made on Monday, May 14, just a week prior to the sudden shut down of a decades-old drop in program. This service cut is happening in the midst of a deadly shelter and opioid crisis in the city that claimed at least 100 lives last year. The drop-in provides a vital service in the neighbourhood and the community cannot afford to lose it.
We, the undersigned demand that the Fred Victor Centre stop the drop-in closure and find resources to reinstate the 4-hour drop-in, with food and adequate staffing to support the service.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Curated Resources for Distance Learning
As COVID-19 continues to spread, school closings across the U.S. have led to a widespread transition to virtual classrooms.
To support educators during this challenging time, we have curated comprehensive, standards-aligned curricula that are highly rated, free and available online. We have also compiled other resources to help school and system leaders as well as families.
We hope this content helps you navigate the challenges of home learning and ensures that your students continue to receive the high quality instruction they deserve. We will continue to update this page with new resources as they become available, so please check back regularly.
Have a resource you would like us to share? Let us know!
Return to our COVID-19 Recommended Resources page -->
All of the resources listed here reflect comprehensive, standards-aligned curricula that are highly rated, free and available online.
Curriculum Associates in both Grades K-8 ELA and mathematics offers printable at-home activity packs designed to provide students with self-directed exercises and practice during extended absences from school. Each pack is designed to reinforce key concepts for a given grade, and there are also teacher's guides available for the mathematics activity packs.
Core Knowledge provides downloadable curricula for Grades PK-8 in Language Arts, Grades K-8 in History and Geography, and Grades 3-5 in Science. Student readers, teacher guides, activity books and other materials are available for Language Arts and History and Geography. Educators can access these free resources here.
EL Education's K-8 Language Arts Curriculum is a comprehensive, standards-aligned curriculum, including the Grades K-2 Skills Block, available online as an Open Education Resource. If you are currently using the curriculum, EL Education has provided detailed guidance for virtual learning. Educators can also access the following supplementary resources for free: Models of Excellence, the world's largest digital library of high-quality student projects includes information on how to create projects in and out of the classroom; the EL Education Resource Library, a searchable library of EL Education's high-quality instructional resources on implementing our Core Practices; Videos about Crew, a subset of the 288 videos available through their website; and Leaders of Their Own Learning, a bestselling education book full of strategies to help students take responsibility for their own learning. EL Education has also launched a Coronavirus Resource Center, which includes additional complementary supports for educators, students and families.
Great Minds has released free video lessons for each grade of each of their curricula: Eureka Math® (for Grades K–12), English language arts curriculum Wit & Wisdom® (K–8) and PhD Science™ (Grades 3–5). Free to anyone and customized by grade and module, these coherent and complete video lessons, delivered by GreatMinds experienced teachers, are viewable on any device. Additionally, GreatMinds is releasing lessons that correspond to end of school year instruction on a rolling basis and has made available access to Geodes®, literacy resources and texts for early readers. Educators can access all of these resources as part of the Knowledge on the Go™ portal.
LearnZillion has made free all lessons and units for Illustrative Mathematics in Grades 6-8 and for Algebra I and II and Geometry as well as EL Education (ELA) in Grades K-5 on learnzillion.com. Instructional videos for math and ELA can be accessed by registering here.
Open Up Resources offers free, downloadable curricula here. Specific resources include EL Education K-8 Language Arts, Bookworms K-5 Reading and Writing, OUR 6-8 Math (including Spanish and NC editions), and OUR High School Math. OUR is also providing free access to the curriculum via the Kiddom learning platform. Through Kiddom, students have the ability to access OUR curriculum (student materials) and answer questions online. They can submit their work to the teacher for grading, which is then added to their score profile. Students get access to the assessments through the teacher. Districts and teachers can go to this link to sign up for more information, webinars and virtual PLCs.
OpenSciEd provides free access to Grades 6-8 Science Units. OpenSciEd's curriculum includes Teacher and Student materials for each instructional unit in addition to the corresponding professional learning materials designed to support the use of the units.
Zearn, a comprehensive Grades K-5 mathematics curriculum, is offering over 400 hours of digital lessons with on-screen teachers and supportive remediation. Kids, teachers, parents and caregivers can directly access all of Zearn's content 24/7, outside of school, including paper-based materials that can be used without a device. Schools currently using EngageNY or Eureka will find that Zearn provides similar content in a student-facing, digital format. Go to Zearn's Distance Learning Resource Center to create accounts as well as participate in webinars to get started.
While reading is one of the most valuable things students can do as schools are closed, access to high-quality texts is a significant challenge for many students as well as their teachers. Below are websites that provide free digital texts, e-books, audio books and read-alouds. All can be used by students independently and by their families and teachers. Some sites also provide learning activities for students and families and/or lesson plans for teachers.
Audible (PK-12) is enabling kids to instantly stream a collection of stories, including titles across six languages, for free on their desktops, laptops, phones or tablets. This access will be available as long as schools are closed.
CNN 10 (3-12) is an on-demand digital news show ideal for explanation seekers on the go or in the classroom. Videos can be easily accessed by students at home via computer or mobile device.
CommonLit (3-12) is a reading resource program that includes 1500 authentic complex texts, organized by grade level, with comprehension questions, discussion questions, and assessment style questions. It includes a large collection of Spanish texts and texts can be translated into 25 different languages and include a read aloud option.
Digital Public Library of America (K-12) includes primary source sets, drawn from over 36 million images, texts, videos, and sounds from across the United States, that are helpful resources for educators and parents preparing to teach remotely during the COVID-19 outbreak. Each set contains a variety of primary sources, context, lesson plans, discussion questions and student activities and are easily accessible to students.
Flyleaf Publishing (K-3) provides free, online decodable readers with accompanying practice sheets. The books work well on a device or can be downloaded and printed, along with the practice sheets, to ensure equitable access.
Kate Messner: Read, Wonder, Learn! (PK-12) is a collection of resources that includes everything from first-chapter and picture book read-alouds to complementary drawing and writing mini-lessons.
KidLitTV (PK-5) is a comprehensive website dedicated to children's literature that includes "Read Out Loud," a video storytime feature with authors reading aloud their own books.
National Geographic Kids (3-8) provides free digital resources including stories from the latest Nat Geo Kids magazine as well as videos and activities for students and their families to learn together.
Overdrive (K-12) enables kids, their families and caregivers to borrow and read free ebooks, audiobooks, and magazines from their local library using a phone or tablet. Depending on the device and operating system being used, Libby is a helpful app that provides access to the same content with a different navigation experience.
Scholastic Learn at Home (PK-8) includes learning experiences, grouped by grade band, built around a children's book--full text accessible via the website--and including videos and complementary activities (available in both English and Spanish).
Story Online (K-5) is an award-winning children's literacy website which streams videos featuring celebrated actors reading children's books aloud alongside illustrations. The website also includes activity guides for parents and caregivers to complete lessons with students at home.
Teaching Tolerance Text Library (K-12) is a supplemental library of over 500 short nonfiction leveled texts, images, interviews, literary texts, and more that represent a diverse mix of stories and perspectives. Students, families and caregivers can create accounts for free to access the content.
TIME for Kids (K-6) provides free access to a library of four grade-specific digital editions of TIME for Kids and Your $ financial literacy magazine. Access includes turnkey teaching tools, with worksheets and quizzes for families or teachers.
Additional Vetted Teacher Resources
ANet has created a COVID-19 resource hub, offering a variety of resources for teachers and leaders. The page features both digital and analog offerings for educators to share with their students, and organizes its resources into several categories: webinars, home learning for students, self-care, virtual professional learning opportunities, and relevant articles. This collection is updated weekly.
Classroom-U has recorded a "Zoom for Teachers" webinar series geared towards K-12 educators. These one-hour webinars will show teachers the basics of using Zoom for distance learning as well as how to utilize Zoom features to implement high-leverage instructional strategies with their students remotely. Classroom-U also recorded a webinar for principals on effectively leading a virtual staff.
NewSchools Venture Fund offers a helpful list of vetted academic tools, curriculum and guides gathered from experts and partners in the field.
New Teacher Center has created a hub for educators, focused on providing social emotional support to students through the COVID-19 crisis, to discover vetted resources, learn from experts across the field via live webinars, and connect with other educators and leaders in communities of practice. The hub also includes several resources for working with families and caregivers.
PBS through PBS Learning Media and stations in Southern California (pbssocal.org and kcet.org ) is offering a digital toolkit for educators and students that includes standards-aligned PBS video content, associated lesson plans and support materials, as well as online training sessions hosted by KQED for teachers. The PBS Learning Media materials will be offered in conjunction with the on-air content and will be available online.
CommonSense Media curated a set of resources for families that range from understanding coverage of the virus to education apps that can be used for learning at home. The curation includes Spanish language resources. Common Sense has also launched Wide Open School, the result of a collaboration among leading publishers, nonprofits, and education and technology companies. Wide Open School features a free collection of the best learning experiences and activities for kids, organized by grade band and subject. It also includes daily schedules with creative breaks and recommendations to keep kids engaged and exploring, one day (or one hour) at a time.
EdNavigator is putting out One Great Thing for Tomorrow, a short daily list of tips, activities and resources to help stressed parents and caregivers make the most of the days when schools are closed.
Fordham Institute has curated a list of resources for learning from home, including educational YouTube channels, TV shows and movies available for streaming, podcasts and online instructional materials.
GreatSchools has curated a set of resources for families that include Grades PK-5 worksheets, book lists and parenting cue cards for families who are seeking guidance for at-home learning. GreatSchools also has Milestone videos which help parents understand skills at each grade level in reading, writing, and mathematics.
Learning Heroes provides additional guidance and supports for families managing e-learning at home.
Resources for School and System Leaders
Charter School Growth Fund has outlined high-quality practices and resources that public charter school networks and school districts around the country are using as they navigate school closures and provide continuity of learning for students. They include links to sample resources, schedules, downloadable activity packs, and lessons learned from the field. CSGF has also compiled guidance and resources related to planning for distance learning in the long term for school and network leaders.
Education Resource Strategies has pulled together resources for system leaders related to long-term planning, short-term financial questions, and successes from districts across the country.
Instruction Partners has developed a COVID-19 Resource Hub which includes instructional contingency plans, distance instructional models and methods for supporting student health, safety and nutrition for educators and district leaders. The hub includes leadership toolkits designed to support school and system leadership teams as they launch and manage distance learning through the COVID-19 crisis, as well as Grab and Go Instructional Materials, which have expanded to include science learning, more student writing for students in grades 6–9, and guidance for teachers providing support to prioritized students.
ISTE/EdSurge along with partners such as CCSSO and Digital Promise have created Learning Keeps Going, a website that free includes tools, strategies, tips and best practices for teaching online. It also includes an Educator Help Desk, designed for educators to ask questions, get advice, and learn what their peers are doing around the world.
New Leaders has developed a new COVID-19 blog and resource hub, Leadership Changes Everything, which includes a number of resources for school leaders, including Guidance for Delivering Programming Virtually, which can be applied to virtual learning for both educators and students.
Relay Graduate School of Education has a number of guidance documents, targeting a range of educators and school leaders, on what is required to shift to online learning, including online live training resources.
TNTP has curated free resources for school system leaders to help navigate the wide range of current—from implementing strong at-home instruction while schools are closed, to working with their teams remotely, to finding virtual solutions to teacher recruitment, staffing, and professional learning.
COVID-19 Recommended Resources


The Falklands Play is a dramatic account of the political events leading up to, and including, the 1982 Falklands War. The play was written by Ian Curteis, an experienced writer who had started his television career in drama, but had increasingly come to specialise in dramatic reconstructions of history. It was originally commissioned by the BBC in 1983, for production and broadcast in 1986, but was subsequently shelved by Controller of BBC One Michael Grade due to its pro-Margaret Thatcher stance and alleged jingoistic tone. This prompted a press furore over media bias and censorship. The play was not staged until 2002, when it was broadcast in separate adaptations on BBC Television and Radio.
The play focuses on the British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and the British government's handling of the United Kingdom's largest Foreign Affairs emergency since the Suez Crisis of 1956, the diplomatic breakdown over the Argentinian invasion of the Falkland Islands (the Islas Malvinas to the Argentines). In particular, it charts the behind-the-scenes dealings within Thatcher's Conservative government and between it and its military and the United States and Argentine governments, in the diplomatic breakdown that gave way to war and an eventual British victory. In response to the Argentinian invasion, the Thatcher government calls for a total maritime exclusion zone around the islands, and directs a large naval force to set sail for the islands. Lord Carrington resigns as Foreign Secretary, taking responsibility for the failure to foresee the invasion, a resignation which Thatcher reluctantly accepts; his replacement, Francis Pym is a reticent member of the war cabinet, and cautions Thatcher against a military response, including in the presence of Alexander Haig and an American delegation. Haig enters the affair to attempt to mediate the dispute between the Thatcher and Argentinian sides, the latter led by the military dictator Leopoldo Galtieri. Secretary of State for Defence John Nott, acting on behalf of his government, demands total withdrawal of Argentinian garrisons, in compliance with UN Resolution 502. British response to the involvement of United Nations Secretary-General Pérez de Cuéllar is also portrayed. Other dramatic elements include portrayal of the internal dynamics of the war cabinet and the government's representations in the House of Commons—in response to Argentine landings on the British island of South Georgia and their subsequent reclaiming by British forces, the sinking of the Argentine naval cruiser, the ARA General Belgrano, and the losses of British life when the British guided missile destroyer HMS Sheffield was struck by an Argentine exocet missile. The drama ends with Thatcher's declaration of the end of hostilities in the House of Commons.
On 22 October 1982, at a meeting of the Writer's Luncheon Club, BBC Director General Alasdair Milne gave a speech during which he praised Curteis's TV play Suez 1956 (shown three years earlier), which had dealt with the Suez Crisis from the political and diplomatic perspective, rather than the "action" on the ground. Curteis – who was present at the meeting – then sent Milne a copy of the published play, and as an afterthought said: "In a few years' time, I would like to write a similar sort of play about the Falklands Crisis." Milne immediately commissioned the play, and after months of careful negotiation the contract was signed on 6 April 1983. During discussions between Curteis and Keith Williams, the BBC Head of Plays, Cedric Messina was chosen as producer, but it was quickly realised that tempers were still running high about the War – particularly in relation to the BBC's conduct during it – so it was mutually agreed to put the project on hold.
Curteis recommenced work on the play at the start of 1985, meeting many of the key players and visiting most of the locations that would be portrayed in the play. His research also involved reading most of what had already been published about the War, biographies of the chief protagonists, Hansard for the relevant Parliamentary debates, official reports, and the contemporary press coverage. He delivered the fourth draft of the script to the BBC in April 1986. The budget of £1 million was approved, Messina officially appointed as producer, and David Giles as director. Studio time was booked in TC1 at BBC Television Centre (one of the largest television studios in Europe) for 24 January to 8 February 1987 inclusive, with a planned transmission date of the following 2 April, the fifth anniversary of the Argentinian invasion. It was planned to run for around three hours – with a half-hour break for the Nine O'Clock News.
At a meeting with Milne on 2 June 1986, Curteis raised the question of the general election that was expected to happen the following year, and asked whether it might compromise the planned transmission date of the play. Milne dismissed the possibility of an election before the Autumn of 1987 at the earliest, and stated: "I don't see that transmission in April presents any problem."
In early July the new Head of Plays Peter Goodchild (whose background was in documentaries, rather than drama) requested considerable modifications to the script, amongst them objecting to the portrayal of Thatcher's "private and instinctive self" – as opposed to the "bellicose Iron Lady of the public scenes" – and requesting the inclusion of discussions between members of the government about the possible effect of the War on the 1983 general election. Curteis declined the latter on the grounds that none of the relevant people he had interviewed had alluded to such conversations, and that there was no other record of them. In addition, he considered that attributing such fictional dialogue to real people could be libellous, although he had been quite willing to do exactly that for conversations between – variously – members of the Argentinian Junta, American envoy Alexander Haig, and the Pope.
On 21 July – while Curteis was on holiday in Ireland – the BBC cancelled the play, citing the forthcoming General Election. Curteis mounted a robust defence, and as the press became involved at the end of September, pressure mounted on the BBC, especially when it was discovered that they were going ahead with Charles Wood's Tumbledown, which was claimed to have an "anti-Mrs-Thatcher's-Government theme," even though at that point Wood's script had not been published and few people could have read it. Tumbledown had a planned transmission date in October 1987, closer to – if not coinciding with – the General Election than the planned broadcast of Curteis's play.
Bill Cotton, the BBC's Managing Director of Television, issued a statement claiming: "Ian Curteis completed the first draft of his Falklands Play three and a half years after we had commissioned it... In our professional opinion, it is not a completed commission." He also said it would be "irresponsible of the BBC at a time when the country is leading up to an election to embark on a play portraying a Prime Minister in office, other serving ministers and MPs." He finished by denying the play had been cancelled for any other reason, and refuted suggestions that Goodchild had asked for amendments that would change the political slant of the script. A second statement by a BBC spokesman also referred to Curteis's "draft script," and claimed: "No bookings had been made for studio time. It was too early for this to be done. There had been no commitment to the production of this play." All of these claims either misrepresented the facts, or were completely contrary to either them or the assurances Milne had previously given to Curteis.
Cotton later reiterated most of these points in a letter to The Sunday Telegraph on 22 February 1987, in which he also claimed that the BBC would be quite happy to release their rights to the play to another broadcaster, but they had had no such requests. In fact, there had been an approach from Anglia Television to buy the rights on the day the cancellation was announced, but it had been categorically refused "off the record" by Michael Grade, then Controller of BBC One.
Coupled with the decision to continue with Tumbledown (although its transmission was eventually delayed until 31 May 1988), the whole furore led to accusations of censorship and left-wing bias at the BBC, particularly as the play depicted Thatcher as both a strong and sympathetic character. As arranged prior to the cancellation, the play was published in 1987 as a paperback by Hutchinson, but with the addition of an introduction by Curteis in which he gave his account of the whole affair.
In 1991, as part of a wider season of programmes about censorship, Channel 4 included a reading of some dialogue from the play in the documentary The Liberal Conspiracy, in which Curteis was also interviewed. Channel 4 was subsequently criticised on its viewer comment programme Right to Reply for not having made their own full production of the play for the same season, as they had done with another banned BBC programme (an episode of Duncan Campbell's Secret Society).
The Falklands Play was eventually produced simultaneously for both radio and television with almost identical casts, broadcast by BBC Radio 4 on 6 April and the digital TV channel BBC Four on 10 April 2002 respectively. The television version was an amended and abridged 90-minute version of the script, omitting all of the material involving the Junta and the Pope. The TV transmission was preceded by a half-hour programme on the controversy surrounding the original production, and was followed by a studio debate on the issues raised by both the cancellation and the play itself.
Hutchinson Paperback (1987 first edition).
Curteis, Ian (1 February 1998). The Falklands Play: A Television Play. Hutchinson. ISBN 978-0-09-170611-1.
Released on Region 2 DVD by BBC Video on 26 March 2007.
The series was included in The Falklands 25th Commemorative Box Set with Tumbledown.
^ Hubbard, Michael (5 April 2002). "Falklands drama makes tardy debut". BBC news. Retrieved 25 June 2008.
^ "Falklands Play proves digital hit". BBC news. 12 April 2002. Retrieved 25 June 2008.
^ "The Falklands Play". BBC Shop. 2007-03-26. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
^ "The Falklands 25th Commemorative Box Set". BBC Shop. 2007-03-26. Retrieved 2008-07-22.
The Exocet is a French-built anti-ship missile whose various versions can be launched from surface vessels, submarines and fixed-wing aircraft. The missiles name was given by M. Guillot, the director at Nord Aviation. The Exocet is built by MBDA, a European missile company, development began in 1967 by Nord as a ship-launched weapon named the MM38. A few years Aerospatiale and Nord merged, the basic body design was based on the Nord AS30 air-to-ground tactical missile. The air-launched Exocet was developed in 1974 and entered service with the French Navy five years later, the relatively compact missile is designed for attacking small- to medium-size warships, although multiple hits are effective against larger vessels, such as aircraft carriers. It is guided inertially in mid-flight and turns on active radar late in its flight to find, as a countermeasure against air defence around the target, it maintains a very low altitude during ingress, staying one–two m above the sea surface. Due to the effect of the horizon, this means that the target may not detect an incoming attack until the missile is only 6,000 m from impact.
This leaves little time for reaction and stimulated the design of close-in weapon systems and its rocket motor, which is fuelled by solid propellant, gives the Exocet a maximum range of 70 kilometres. The submarine-launched version places the missile inside a launch capsule, the Exocet has been manufactured in a number of versions, including, MM38 – deployed on warships. A coast defence version known as Excalibur was developed in the United Kingdom, aM38 AM39 – B2 Mod 2, deployed on 14 types of aircraft. Range between 50 and 70 km, depending on the altitude and the speed of the launch aircraft, SM39 – B2 Mod 2, deployed on submarines. The missile is housed inside a watertight launched capsule, which is fired by the submarines torpedo-launch tubes, on leaving the water, the capsule is ejected and the missiles motor is ignited. It behaves like an MM40, the missile will be fired at depth, which makes it particularly suitable for discreet submarine operations. MM40 – Block 1, Block 2 and Block 3, deployed on warships, range,72 km for the Block 2, in excess of 180 km for the Block3.
Whitelaw was born at the family estate, Monklaw, at Nairn, in northeast Scotland. He never knew his father, William Alexander Whitelaw, a member of a Scottish landed gentry family and his grandmother Dorothy was the niece of the former Prime Minister and author Benjamin Disraeli. Whitelaw was educated first at Wixenford School, before passing the exam to Winchester College. From there he went up to Trinity College, where he won a blue for golf and he commanded Churchill tanks in Normandy during the Second World War and during Operation Bluecoat in late July 1944. His was the first Allied unit to encounter German Jagdpanther tank destroyers and he was awarded the Military Cross for his actions at Caumont, a photograph of Field-Marshal Bernard Montgomery pinning the medal to his chest appears in his memoirs. After the end of the war in Europe, Whitelaws unit was to have part in the invasion of Japan. Instead he was posted to Palestine, before leaving the army in 1946 to take care of the estates of Gartshore and Woodhall in Lanarkshire.
In 1964 Douglas-Home appointed him as Opposition Chief Whip and he was sworn of the Privy Council in January 1967. When the Conservatives returned to power in 1970 under Edward Heath, Whitelaw was made Lord President of the Council and Leader of the House of Commons, with a seat in the cabinet. He became the first Secretary of State for Northern Ireland after the imposition of rule in March 1972. During his time, in Northern Ireland he introduced Special Category Status for paramilitary prisoners and he attempted to negotiate with the Provisional Irish Republican Army with the PIRA Chief of Staff Seán MacStiofáin in July 1972. The talks ended in an agreement to change from a truce, to an open-ended truce. As a briefing for prime minister Edward Heath noted, Whitelaw found the experience of meeting and talking to Mr MacStíofáin very unpleasant, MacStiofáin in his memoir, complimented Whitelaw, saying he was the only Englishman ever to pronounce his name in Irish correctly. He left Northern Ireland in 1973 to become Secretary of State for Employment shortly before the Sunningdale Agreement was reached, the dispute was followed by the Conservative party losing the February 1974 general election.
HMS Sheffield was the second Royal Navy ship to be named after the city of Sheffield in Yorkshire. She was a Type 42 guided missile destroyer laid down by Vickers Shipbuilding and Engineering at Barrow-in-Furness on 15 January 1970 and she was launched by Queen Elizabeth II on 10 June 1971 and commissioned on 16 February 1975. An explosion during construction killed two workers and damaged a section of hull which was replaced with a section from an identical ship, Hércules. It was not until 1980 that Sheffield became effective, with Sea Dart, the ship was part of the task force sent to the Falkland Islands during the Falklands war. She was struck by an Exocet air-launched anti-ship missile from a Super Etendard aircraft belonging to the Argentine Navy on 4 May 1982, Sheffield was first detected by an Argentine Naval Aviation Lockheed SP-2H Neptune patrol aircraft at 07,50 on 4 May 1982. The Neptune kept the British ships under surveillance, verifying Sheffields position again at 08,14 and 08,43.
Two Argentine Navy Super Étendards, both armed with AM39 Exocets, took off from Río Grande naval air base at 09,45, the two aircraft were 3-A-202, piloted by mission commander Capitán de Fragata Augusto Bedacarratz, and 3-A-203, piloted by Teniente Armando Mayora. At 10,35, the Neptune climbed to 1,170 metres and detected a large, a few minutes later, the Neptune contacted the Super Étendards with this information. Flying at very low altitude at approximately 10,50, both Super Étendards climbed to 160 metres to verify these contacts, but failed to locate them,25 miles they climbed again and, after a few seconds of scanning, the targets appeared on their radar screens. The Super Étendards did not need to refuel again from the KC-130, which had been waiting, on some task force ships the threat from the type 209 submarine was seen as higher priority than the threat from the air. Sheffields radar operators had difficulty distinguishing Mirage and Super Etendard aircraft, Sheffield had assessed the Exocet threat overrated for the previous two days, and assessed another as a false alarm.
Sheffield apparently did not hear the incoming aircraft and missiles, detect them on its electronic support measures sets, no detections were reported via data link from Glasgow. Sheffield and Coventry were chatting over UHF, communications ceased until an unidentified message was heard flatly stating, Sheffield is hit. Sheffield picked up the incoming missiles on her type 965 radar, the operations officer informed the missile director, the launch aircraft had not been detected as the British had expected, and it was not until smoke was sighted that the target was confirmed as sea skimming missiles. Five seconds later, an Exocet hit Sheffield amidships, approximately 8 feet above the waterline on deck 2, the other missile splashed into the sea a half mile off her port beam. The flagship, HMS Hermes, dispatched the escorts Arrow and Yarmouth to investigate, confusion reigned until Sheffields Lynx helicopter unexpectedly landed aboard Hermes carrying the air operations officer and operations officer, confirming the strike.
Sir John William Frederic Nott KCB is a former British Conservative Party politician prominent in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He featured heavily in the eye as Secretary of State for Defence during the Argentine invasion of the Falkland Islands. In 2016, he claimed David Cameron had poisoned the EU referendum debate, born in Bideford, the son of Richard Nott and Phyllis, Nott was educated at Bradfield College and was commissioned as a regular officer in the 2nd Gurkha Rifles. He served in the Malayan emergency after a period of service with the Royal Scots and he left to study law and economics at Trinity College, where he was President of the Cambridge Union Society. He was called to the Bar at the Inner Temple in 1959, at Cambridge he met his future wife Miloska, a Slovene. Lady Nott was awarded an OBE in 2012 for her humanitarian work and they have two sons and a daughter. Nott was Member of Parliament for St Ives in Cornwall from 1966 to 1983 and he was the last person to commence his parliamentary career under the nearly obsolete National Liberal label.
The National Liberals were formally absorbed by the Conservatives in 1968, Nott served in the early 1970s government of Prime Minister Ted Heath as Economic Secretary to the Treasury. He joined the cabinet in 1976 and the Cabinet when Margaret Thatcher won the 1979 general election. With this appointment to the cabinet, he was made a Privy Counsellor and he served first as Secretary of State for Trade which incorporated The Department of Prices & Consumer Affairs. Nott was responsible for repealing the Prices & Incomes policy and played a role in the abolition of Exchange Control. The Department of Trade covered responsibility for Shipping and Aviation, Nott announced the privatisation of British Airways, the first privatisation of the Thatcher Government. He was moved to Defence in the reshuffle of January 1981 and he switched the resultant savings into nuclear submarines, naval weapon systems and air defence. He announced and took through Parliament the upgrading of the nuclear deterrent to the current Trident system, Nott offered his resignation as Defence Secretary to Thatcher following the Argentinian invasion of the Falklands in March 1982.
Nicholas Ridley, Baron Ridley of Liddesdale, PC was a British Conservative Party politician and government minister. Responsible for the Falkland Islands, he tried to resolve the long-running sovereignty issue with Argentina, which detected Britain's reluctance to defend the territory, and invaded it. As Secretary of State for Transport, Ridley performed a key function in building-up coal stocks in advance of the UK miners strike, as Secretary of State for the Environment, Ridley opposed a low-cost housing development near his own property, earning him the title of NIMBY. He was responsible for introducing the Community Charge, which was one of the factors leading to Thatchers resignation in 1990. He was created a peer in 1992. Ridley was the son of Matthew White Ridley, 3rd Viscount Ridley. His elder brother was Matthew Ridley, 4th Viscount Ridley, a contemporary at Eton was Tam Dalyell, Labour MP for West Lothian. Ridley held a national service commission as a Lieutenant in the 1st Battalion of The Loyal Regiment in 1947 and was a Territorial Army Captain in the Northumberland Hussars Yeomanry and he became a civil engineer and company director.
At the 1955 general election, Ridley unsuccessfully contested the safe Labour seat of Blyth and he was elected Member of Parliament for Cirencester and Tewkesbury at the 1959 election. He was appointed as Parliamentary Private Secretary in 1962, and from 1964 he was a Select Committee member before joining the front bench, in 1973, he formed the Selsdon Group, which was opposed to the abandonment of the radical 1970 manifesto by Edward Heath. He closed his speech at the groups launch by citing the Ten Cannots of William J. H. Boetcker. The members of the group were seen as disloyal at the time, in the face of this opposition the Conservative government once again reiterated that the Islanders wishes were paramount. British intelligence reports continued to suggest that Argentina would invade the Islands only if it was convinced there was no prospect of eventual transfer of sovereignty, Ridley advised that leaseback remained the only feasible solution and recommended that Britain initiate an education campaign to persuade the Islanders.
Michael Thomas Jeremy Clyde is an English actor and musician. During the 1960s, he was one-half of the folk duo Chad & Jeremy and he has enjoyed a long television acting career and continues to appear regularly, usually playing upper-middle class or aristocratic characters. Clyde was born in the village of Dorney in the English county of Buckinghamshire and is the son of Lady Elizabeth Wellesley, through his maternal line, Clyde is the great-great-great-grandson of Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, and the cousin of the current Duke of Wellington. In 1953, he participated in the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II as a Page of Honour for his grandfather, in 1965, Clyde appeared in Passion Flower Hotel, a stage musical written by John Barry and Trevor Peacock, at The Prince of Wales theatre, London. It featured Jane Birkin, Francesca Annis, Pauline Collins, Nicky Henson, in 1969, he appeared in Conduct Unbecoming as part of the original cast, which included Paul Jones. He travelled to the US as part of the original Broadway cast and he appeared in the BBC TV adaptation of Moll Flanders in 1975, and in 1979 he played Godfried Schalcken in the BBCs television horror story Schalcken the Painter.
ARA Almirante Irízar, the first Argentine Navy ship to arrive at Grytviken in December 1981.
Remains of the Argentine Puma helicopter, shot down during the invasion; 1999 photo.
The grave of Neil Goodall, cook on Sheffield, who died in the Argentine attack. Lavender Hill Cemetery, Enfield.
Clyde with Patty Duke on The Patty Duke Show, 1965.


This week music from Diversion & Jennifer Rene, LTN, Speed Limits, Matt Cerf & Feel ft. Jaren, Aimoon, Beat Service & Sarah Lynn, Lange, Tempo Giusto and many more.
This week music from Vitodito & Talamanca, Alpha Duo feat. Tiff Lacey, Alex Kingle, Tritonal, Monovere & Sam Malta, Re:Locate vs. Robert Nickson & Sarah Lynn, Roman Messer feat. Eskova and Ana Criado.
This week music from Arctic Lake, Sergey Alekseev, Ana Criado & Aurosonic, Sound Quelle & Max Mayer, Aimoon & Vlad Varel and Simon Templar - The Alignment.
This week music from Enviado Vida, Will Canas, Bee Hunter, Markus Hakala, Ula, Swoan Mayer, Salt Tank and Yahel - Dune.
This week music from Andrew Bayer, Static Bloom, Hamza Khammessi, Andy Elliass, Ula, Matt Skyver, BluSkay, Mhammed el Alami & Mehdi Belkadi & jeer B and Chris Metcalfe - Zero Gravity.
This week music from Dinka & Morttgua, Mehdi Belkadi, Carlin & Fil, Beat Service, Soundprank, Mino Safy, Axis vs Alae Khaldi, Alan Morris and Bjorn Akesson - Shadows.
This week music from Derek Howell, Aurosonic, Sendr, Ariel & Danilo, Tomac, Airmoon, Ferrin & Morris and Haig & Raffi - Little Aurora.
This week recorded live @ ASOT 700 in Utrecht, NL. Music from Yahel & Liya, Dennis Kenzo, Hazem Beltagui, Dimension, Ferry Corsten, Armin van Buuren feat. Richard Bedford - Love Never Came.
Hazem Beltagui was born in Alexandria, Egypt on the 6th of August 1988. He was only 10 when he first fell in love with Dance music and as he grew older he got more into Rock and Metal. In 2008, Hazem started listening again to dance music, mostly Trance as he was inspired by the tunes of Djs and producers like Tiesto,paul van dyk,andy moor,above and beyond,etc.Then, after listening to Deadmau5 and Kaskade's Move For Me, he madly enjoyed it and started listening to Progressive-House tracks of Deejays like Sasha, Moonbeam, Deadmau5, Steve Angello, John Digweed, Hernan Cattaneo and many more.after spending a lot of time listening to the latest progressive house records, He decided he would start producing some tracks,so he got a copy of ableton live,a midi keyboard and he spent lots of time trying to figure out the music production tehniques and crafting his own sound and style and he actually produced some sample based music and his friends told him that he was was really talented in that, so he got deeper in it and made his first original track "Sharm",which granted him a place on boltongroove records.
Not too long after releasing sharm and thinking about her and purple night,which was made in collaboration with axel lecoste, under his real name "hazem beltagui",hazem decided he needed a new moniker under which he would produce and release progressive tracks with bigroom influences and so "NINO ALVAREZ" was born and his first production under this new alias "always and forever" recieved support from some of the biggest djs on the globe,so he decided he would work on new "nino alvarez" material!!!!
His dj sets and productions are melody driven,with some techy and trancey influences.


© 2019 Mad Mac NYC.
Our hazelnut madeleines are a unique treat. Slow roasted hazelnut butter is the perfect addition to this classic cake. Chopped hazelnuts sprinkled on top before baking provide added texture to this satisfying treat.
Packed in bags of two, our madeleines are a perfect on-the-go snack or lunchbox treat. Our madeleines are hand-made to order in our pastry kitchen with fresh, real ingredients by experienced pastry chefs.
Each madeleine measures about 3"
Kept in the bag, they will stay fresh and moist for a week at room temperature. They can be frozen for one month and thawed as needed. Thaw for 30 minutes at room temperature before opening the package.
All of our products are sealed in airtight packaging to maintain our high quality standards. Furthermore, our macarons and canelés are shipped in insulated boxes with ice packs to make sure they arrive to you at the peak of their freshness. The package must be delivered within two days and so all appropriate shipping method(s) to ensure 2 day delivery will be offered at checkout.
We avoid shipping perishables over the weekend because we do not want your temperature sensitive package spending the weekend in a UPS shipping facility. With the exception of the NYC area, we only ship perishables Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday. To be safe, if you need your macarons and/or canelés by a specific date, it is recommended that you place your order by the previous Monday or Tuesday.
If your order does not contain macarons or caneles, we can ship Monday through Friday.
We offer UPS ground shipping exclusively to the following states: NY, NJ, CT, ME, NH, VT, MA, RI, PA, DE, MD, VA, SC, NC, TN, WV, OH, IN, MI.
All other states must choose 2nd Day Air.
Please note, if you choose an incorrect shipping method for your region, it may affect the delivery times.
We ship from the NYC area. The yellow and tan areas are the only available destinations for UPS Ground service. If you are unsure, please check the map below.
For for information, view our FAQs page.
Mad Mac NYC was founded in 2006 and was immediately recognized as a leader in quality and innovation on the macaron market. With over 10 years serving the high end hospitality and gourmet food service markets, Mad Mac is now expanding its retail presence to bring Florian and Ludovic's signature macaron collections directly to the public.
Florian is also a permanent judge on the Food Network's TV series Cupcake Wars, with over 9 seasons and 115 episodes to date.
Prior to founding Mad Mac, Chef Bellanger was Fauchon's Executive Pastry Chef in the United States. He led a team of twenty-four pastry chefs to create the finest pastries, special occasion cakes, cookies, unique ice creams and sorbets for the legendary French epicurean emporium's tea salon and flagship store in New York City. He had come full circle after serving Fauchon in Paris under the command of notable Executive Pastry Chef Pierre Herme from 1991 to 1994, as well as Executive Pastry Chef for Fauchon Flagship in Qatar from 1994 to 1996.
At Fauchon NYC, Florian's innovations were evident in such tradition-shattering creations as raspberry-chili pepper sorbet, Toulouse violet ice cream, exotic éclairs, and lavish three-dimensional holiday and wedding cakes for which he continuously created new molds and recipes.
A veteran of pastry kitchens from around the world, Florian was Eric Ripert's pastry chef at Le Bernardin from 1996 to 2001, where his desserts, described as "light and dreamy" by Ruth Reichl of The New York Times, helped bring the restaurant to its four-star status. In addition, he was the Pastry Chef in the French Military Officer's Club in French Guyana.
Florian is a member of City Harvest's Food Council and a guest chef faculty member at the International Culinary Center. He also donates his time to charities such as the Wolfgang Puck Charity and the Jean-Louis Palladin Foundation.
Growing up in Paris, Ludovic Augendre was fascinated with following a culinary path. At the young age of ten, he was already making pastries with his great grandmother. When Ferrandi, one of the best culinary schools in France, opened its doors in search of new talent, Ludovic met Alain Escoffier, author of "Traite de Patisserie Artisanale." It was at this moment that he fell for the magic of pastry arts.
While in school from 1993 to 1998 Ludovic discovered his talents and passion for pastry art. In his free time he also worked for Mr. Demoncy and J.C. Vergne at Patisserie de L'Eglise, which was selected as "Best Pastry Retail Store in Paris" in 1997.
In 1998, after completing his studies, Ludovic knocked on the door at Fauchon Paris. From 1998 to 2001, he worked at Fauchon under Christophe Adam, Sebastien Gaudard and Philippe Givre. While in charge of the decorating station at Fauchon, Ludovic met Florian Bellanger, the Executive pastry chef of Fauchon in New York. Shortly thereafter, Ludovic moved to New York City where he worked with Florian as his Executive Assistant Pastry Chef at Fauchon. Ludovic would eventually become the Executive Pastry Chef at Fauchon.
An emerging leader in his generation of pastry chefs, in March 2004, Ludovic won third place in the U.S. Pastry Competition in New York City, with his masterpiece "Birth of Pinocchio." Many members of the press were quite impressed by his modern artistic vision, challenging techniques, and avant-garde style. Ludovic's cakes and pastries have a distinctive flavor and texture, which made him one of the best new-generation pastry chefs in the United States.
In 2001 and 2002, the James Beard Foundation recognized Florian's accomplishments with a nomination for Outstanding Pastry Chef.
Reading our Shipping Details and FAQs for more.
We're proud to deliver you the best in handmade French macarons. The production standards are overseen daily by Chefs Ludovic and Florian, who has shared his delights with Food Network, and Martha Stewart and others. Together with their dedicated team of pastry chefs, they have become the industry leader wholesale macarons. Mad Mac's signature collections are now available direct to customer.
We pride ourselves on over ten years of experience delivering consistent high-quality macarons. Our commercial kitchen allows us to meet the demands of a large volume business, but still make everything by hand.


His Beatitude, Metropolitan Tikhon presided at the celebration of the Divine Liturgy marking the patronal Feast Day of the Metropolitan's Chapel of Saint Sergius of Radonezh at the Chancery on Saturday, September 22, 2018. Concelebrants included His Eminence, Archbishop Michael of New York and New Jersey and area clergy.
Archbishop Michael delivered the homily, while responses were sung by seminarians. Many area faithful also attended the annual celebration.
A festive complimentary luncheon was served after the Liturgy, which was celebrated in the Chancery's walled garden.


text:
João Lourenço Rebelo (1610-1665)
The first half of the 17th century is often seen as a Golden Age of Portuguese music and João Lourenço Rebelo was one of its leading composers, alongside the likes of Duarte Lobo and Manuel Cardoso. Rebelo moved in courtly circles for much of his life and there is evidence that, despite never holding an official office within the Portuguese Royal household, he was a close personal friend of King João IV (who restored the independent monarchy of Portugal in 1640): The King financed the publication of his Vespers in 1657 and also dedicated his treatise Defensa de la musica moderna (In Defense of modern music) to the composer. Like so many Iberian composers of the age, a significant proportion of his music seems to have been lost in the Great Lisbon Earthquake of 1755. However, from his surviving compositions, we can see that Rebelo's music is emblematic of his age, grounded in the Renaissance polyphonic tradition but also adopting forward-looking practices of the early Baroque, such as obbligato instrumental parts and the harmonic sonorities of Monteverdi.
Panis angelicus –
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David Denning advised that our Rotary Club has been approached to provide the BBQ at the Carols In the Park on 9 December 2018 at 5.00pm. Club member assistance is required. Could you please let David know if you can assist in any way.
He also noted that we have a Bunnings BBQ on 15 December 2018 where we will need Club Member assistance also. Please let him know if you are able to help on this day.
Murray Difford brought us up to date with respect to the Public Speaking Contest advising that we have now selected 3 candidates to attend the semi final in Walcha on 23 February 2019.
meeting is to be held on Wednesday night regarding this. There will be approximately 300 people attending the actual event.
All our best wishes to Herb on a speedy recovery from surgery on his shoulder. Get well soon, we miss your smiling face, and your sense of humour, at our meetings.
Mark Drury advised that our Christmas Party will be held on 10 December 2018 at the Race Course. Please RSVP by 3 December 2018. This is a fundraiser for The Samaritans. If you could bring a gift along, specifically for a child, so that these can be given to families going through difficult times.
Wayne Robards then read a lovely card from the School of St Judes thanking us for all our help over the past year.
We then commenced our AGM.


text:
DECADE OF DECADENCE
Nikki Sixx to celebrate Heroin Diaries anniversary with L.A. book signing.
Sunset Strip-launched rock and roll icon Nikki Sixx will be stopping by Barnes & Noble bookstore at The Grove on October 27 for a meet and greet with fans in honor of his best selling memoir The Heroin Diaries turning 10. The rare opportunity to meet the mastermind behind Motley Crue is free to those who have bought a copy of Sixx's autobiographical tome from Barnes & Noble. A special 10-year anniversary edition of Heroin Diaries: A Year in the Life of a Shattered Rock Star, which contains new chapters, and its related soundtrack, which contains new reworked tracks, will be released the same day as Sixx's book signing. The multi-talented musician recently announced that he is pulling the plug on his popular nationally syndicated IHeartRadio talk show, Sixx Sense, at the end of the year. Sixx is, as he says, "shifting gears" to concentrate on other high-profile projects, including the upcoming Broadway musical adaptation of The Heroin Diaries. "It's been an inspirational journey and I'll always be a fan of the medium, but it's time to shift gears outside the realm of solely radio," said Sixx in a recent press statement. "I'm in the process of developing new and unique programming and ventures across multiple platforms. But I'm really gonna miss Sixx Sense."The former Crue bassist, who has since launched the equally badass band Sixx A.M., is currently on a mini-tour to hype the tenth anniversary edition of his infamous 2007 drugalogue about his battle with and successive win over substance abuse.In addition to seeing his harrowing New York Times bestseller hit the Great White Way next year, Sixx has hinted on social media about some exciting other projects he has in store for 2018, including putting a sharper focus on his acclaimed portrait photography. He will launch a global tour of his photography exhibit "Conversations with Angels," which is currently on display at L.A.'s Leica Gallery through Nov. 7. Sixx will be signing copies of The Heroin Diaries beginning at 7 p.m. on Friday, Oct. 27, at The Grove, located at 189 The Grove Drive, Los Angeles. Wristbands are required. Get more details here.
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View cart "Camopill – Tumor, Stasis, Breast Cancer, Enlarged Liver/Spleen" has been added to your cart.
It can also be categorized by inflammation of the lungs with fluid given out into the tissues of the lung associated with high temperature – caused by pneumococcus, streptococcus, hemolyticus, staphylococcus, etc. Lungs become hardened and watery.