text:
Extraordinary Foreknowledge and Prediction of our Savior
Continuing in this series, I want to highlight the history surrounding the final siege of Jerusalem, which Eusebius describes as "Divine vengeance" that "did not long delay to visit them for their iniquity against the Christ of God." Most noteworthy are the explicit references to Matthew 24 and Luke 21 (and their parallels with Mark 13, describing the same prophecies by Jesus), which illustrate how common and obvious these "fulfillments" of prophecy were understood to be in the first few centuries of the early Christian church. And as I will show in future posts in this series, Eusebius was definitely not alone when he interpreted Matthew 24 and Luke 21 as being fulfilled in the first century.
Describing the final siege of Jerusalem, the promised famine1 which oppressed the economy of the Jewish nation, the predictions of Jesus, and the signs which preceded the Jewish war, Eusebius says:
After Nero had held the government about thirteen years, Galba and Otho reigned about a year and six months. Vespasian, who had become illustrious in the campaign against the Jews, was then proclaimed sovereign in Judea, receiving the title of emperor from the armies there. Directing his course, therefore, immediately to Rome, he commits the care of the war against the Jews, into the hands of his son Titus; for after the ascension of our Saviour, the Jews, in addition to their wickedness against him, were now incessantly plotting mischief against his apostles.
First, they slew Stephen by stoning him, next James the son of Zebedee, and the brother of John, by beheading, and finally James, who first obtained the episcopal seat at Jerusalem after the ascension of our Saviour, and was slain in the manner before related. But the rest of the apostles, who were harassed in innumerable ways, with a view to destroy them, and driven from the land of Judea, had gone forth to preach the gospel to all nations, relying upon the aid of Christ, when he said, "Go ye, teach all nations in my name."2 The whole body, however, of the church at Jerusalem, having been commanded by a divine revelation, given to men of approved piety there before the war, removed from the city,3 and dwelt at a certain town beyond the Jordan, called Pella. Here, those that believed in Christ, having removed from Jerusalem, as if holy men had entirely abandoned the royal city itself, and the whole land of Judea: the divine justice, for their crimes against Christ and his apostles, finally overtook them, totally destroying the whole generation of these evil-doers from the earth.
But the number of calamities which then overwhelmed the whole nation; the extreme misery to which particularly the inhabitants of Judea were reduced; the vast numbers of men, with women and children that fell by the sword and famine, and innumerable other forms of death; the numerous and great cities of Judea that were besieged, as also the great and incredible distresses that they experienced who took refuge at Jerusalem, as a place of perfect security; these facts, as well as the whole tenor of the war, and each particular of its progress, when, finally, the abomination of desolation,4 according to the prophetic declaration, stood in the very temple of God, so celebrated of old, but which now was approaching its total downfall and final destruction by fire; all this, I say, any one that wishes may see accurately stated in the history written by Josephus.
It may, however, be necessary to state, in the very words of this writer, how about three hundred thousand that flocked from all parts of Judea at the time of the passover, were shut up in Jerusalem as in a prison. For it was indeed just, that in those very days in which they had inflicted sufferings upon the Saviour and Benefactor of all men, the Christ of God, destruction should overtake them, thus shut up as in a prison, as an exhibition of the divine justice. Passing by, then, the particular calamities which befel them, such as they suffered from the sword, and other means employed against them, I may deem it sufficient only to subjoin the calamities they endured from the famine. So that they who peruse the present history may know, in some measure, that the divine vengeance did not long delay to visit them for their iniquity against the Christ of God.
Let us, then, with the fifth book of Josephus's history again in our hands, go through the tragedy of events which then occurred. "It was equally dangerous," says he,
"for the more wealthy to remain. For under the pretext of desertion, a man was slain for his wealth. But the madness of the rioters increased with the famine, and both kinds of misery were inflamed from day to day. Provisions were plainly nowhere to be had. Hence they burst into houses to search for food, and if they found any, they would scourge the owners as if they intended to deny they had it; but if they found none, they tortured them as if they had carefully concealed it. The bodies of the poor wretches, however, were evidence enough whether they had or had not. Some of them, therefore, that were yet sound in health, they supposed to have an abundance of food, but those that were wan and pallid they passed by; for it seemed absurd to kill men that were soon likely to die for want. Many secretly exchanged their property for a single measure of wheat, if they happened to be the more wealthy; of barley, if they were of the poorer sort. Then locking themselves in the most retired parts of their houses, some, from excessive hunger, ate the grain unprepared; others, however, baked it according as necessity or fear directed. As to a table, there was none set any where; but taking the food from the fire, they tore it asunder yet crude and raw.
Wretched indeed was the fare, and a lamentable sight it was, where the most powerful grasped after all, and the weaker were constrained to mourn. For famine surpasses all other evils, but it destroys nothing so effectually as shame; for that which would otherwise demand some regard is contemned in this. Thus wives tore away the food from the very mouths of their husbands, children from their parents, and what was most wretched of all. mothers from their infants; so that whilst their dearest children lay wasting in their arms, there was not shame enough to prevent them taking away the very drops that supported life. And even in doing this, they did not remain undiscovered; for whenever they saw a door locked, this was a sign that those within were taking food, and then immediately bursting open the doors they rushed in, and choked them, almost forcing the morsels out of their very throats. Old men were beaten that held back their food, and women were torn by the hair, if they concealed what they had in their hands. Nor was there any pity for gray hairs or for infants; but taking up the infants while clinging to the morsels, dashed them to the ground. But they were much more cruel to those who anticipated their entrance, and were devouring what they wished to seize, just as if they had been wronged by them.
They also devised terrible modes of torture, to discover where there was any food. For by cruel devices to prevent every relief of nature, they caused the unhappy individual to suffer such torment,* that the very recital makes one shudder at what he would endure, before he confessed that he had one loaf of bread, or that he had a single handful of wheat concealed. The tormentors themselves, however, suffered no want; for it might have been some palliation, if necessity had compelled them thus. But they did it with the view to exercise their ferocity and to provide for themselves for the following days. When any crept forth at night to the outposts of the Romans, for the purpose of collecting wild herbs and grass, these tormentors would go out to meet them, and when they seemed just to have escaped the hands of the enemy, the oppressors robbed them of whatever they brought. And very often, though they entreated them, and conjured them by the most awful name of God, to give them some part of that for which they had risked their lives, they notwithstanding gave them nothing. It was a happy circumstance yet, if, in addition to robbery, they were not also slain."
This same author, after a few particulars, also says:
"But with the hope of egress was cut off all hope of safety to the Jews, and the famine now penetrating deeply, was consuming the people by houses and families. The houses were filled with women and children that had thus perished; the byways with the dead bodies of old men. But the boys and young men, swelling up, tottered and reeled like shadows through the markets, and then falling down, lay wheresoever the malady had overtaken them. The sick were not even able to bury their dead, and those yet in health and strength were loth to do it, both on account of the number of the dead, and the uncertainty of their own fate. Many, indeed, fell down and died upon those they were burying; many went to the sepulchres, even before they were overtaken by the struggles of death. There was, however, neither weeping nor lamentation, for the famine prevailed over all affection. With tearless eyes did they who were yet struggling with death, look on those that had gone to rest before them. A deep silence and deadly gloom pervaded the city. But more oppressive than all these, were the robbers that broke into the houses, now mere sepulchres, and spoiling the dead, and tearing off the garments of their bodies, went off with a laugh. They would also try the points of their swords in the dead bodies, and some of those that were lying yet alive, they thrust through, in order to try the edge of their weapons. But those that prayed them the relief of their arm and sword, they contemptuously left to be destroyed by the famine; whilst those expiring died with their eyes fixed upon the temple, and left the factious to survive them. These, at first, not bearing the effluvia from the dead bodies, ordered them to be buried out of the public treasury; afterwards, when they were not able to continue this, they threw the bodies from the walls into the ditches below. As Titus went around these, and saw them filled with the dead, and the deep gore flowing around the putrid bodies, he groaned heavily, and raising his hands, called God to witness that it was none of his work."
After some additional remarks, Josephus proceeds:
"I cannot hesitate to declare what my feelings demand. I think that had the Romans lingered to proceed against these guilty wretches, the city would either have been swallowed up by the opening earth, or overwhelmed with a flood, or, like Sodom, been struck with the lightning. For it bore a much more impious race than those who once endured such visitations. Thus, by the madness of these wretches, the whole people perished."
In the sixth book, he also writes thus:
"Of those that perished by the famine in the city, there fell an infinite number. The miseries that befel them were indescribable; for at every house, wherever there was a shadow of food, there was war. The nearest relatives contended with one another, to seize the wretched supports of life. There was no belief that hunger was the cause, even when they saw the dying; but the robbers would search them whilst yet breathing, lest any one should pretend that he was dying, whilst he concealed food in his bosom. But the robbers themselves, with their mouths wide open for want of food, roved and straggled hither and thither, like mad dogs, beating the doors as if they were drunk; and for want of counsel, rushing twice or thrice an hour into the same houses. Indeed, necessity forced them to apply their teeth to every thing, and gathering what was no food, even for the filthiest of irrational animals, they devoured it, and did not abstain at last even from belts and shoes. They took off the hides from their shields and devoured them, and some used even the remnants of old straw as food; others gathered the stubble, and sold a very small weight of it for four Attic drachms.*
And why should we speak of the excessive severity of the famine as displayed by eating such inanimate objects? I am going to relate a piece of wickedness, such as is not recorded either by Greeks or barbarians. It is horrid to relate, and incredible to hear. And indeed, lest I should appear to deal in marvellous stories, I would cheerfully pass by this occurrence, if I had not innumerable witnesses still living. I should also deserve but cold thanks from my country, if I should pass by in carelessness what she in reality did suffer.
A woman that dwelt beyond the Jordan, named Maria, the daughter of Eleazar, of the village Bathezor, signifying 'the home of hyssop,' distinguished for her family and wealth, having taken refuge at Jerusalem among the rest of the multitude, was shut up in the city with them. The tyrants had already robbed her of all her other possessions, as much as she had collected, and brought with her from beyond the river into the city. But as to the relics of her property, and whatever food she provided, the ruffians daily rushing in, seized and bore it away. A dreadful indignation overpowered the woman, and frequently reviling and cursing the robbers, she endeavourecd by these means to irritate them against herself. But as no one either through resentment or pity would slay her, and she was weary of providing food for others, and there was now no probability of finding it any where; the famine now penetrated the very bowels and marrow, and resentment raged more violently than the famine. Urged by frenzy and necessity as her councillors, she proceeded against nature herself. Seizing her little son, who was yet at her breast, she said, 'Wretched child! in the midst of war, famine, and faction, for what do I preserve thee? Our condition among the Romans, though we might live, is slavery. But even slavery is anticipated by famine, and the assassins are more cruel than either—come, be thou food to me, Fury* to the assassins, and a tale for men, the only one yet wanting to complete the miseries of the Jews.' As she said this, she slew her son; then, roasting him, she ate one half herself, and covering over the rest, she kept it.
It was not long before the murderers came in, and perceiving the fumes of the execrable food, they threatened immediately to slay her if she did not produce what she had prepared. She answered she had reserved a fine portion of it for them, and then uncovered the relics of her son. Horror and amazement immediately seized them. They stood mute with the sight. 'This is my own son,' said she, 'and the deed is mine. Eat, for I too have eaten, be not more delicate than a woman, nor more tender than a mother; but if you are so pious, and reject my offering, I have already eaten half, and let the rest remain for me.' After this, they indeed went trembling away, cowardly at least in this one instance, and yet scarcely yielding to the mother even this kind of food. Forthwith the whole city was filled with the dreadful crime, and every one placing the wickedness before his eyes, was struck with a horror as if it had been perpetrated by himself. Thenceforth the wretched people, overcome with hunger, only strove to hasten death; and it was a happiness yet for those who died before they heard and saw miseries like these."
Such, then, was the vengeance that followed the guilt and impiety of the Jews against the Christ of God. To these accounts it may be proper to add the sure prediction of our Saviour, in which he foretold these very events as follows:
"But woe to them that are with child and those that give suck in those days; but pray that your flight be not in the winter, nor on the Sabbath. But there shall be then great distress, such as has not been from the beginning of the world until now, neither may be."5
The historian, adding up the whole number of those slain, says, that eleven hundred thousand perished by famine and the sword, and that the rest, the factious and robbers, mutually informing against each other, after the capture, were put to death. Of the young men, the tallest, and those that were distinguished for beauty, were preserved for the triumph. Of the remaining multitude, those above seventeen were sent prisoners to labour at the mines in Egypt. But great numbers were distributed to the provinces, to be destroyed by the sword or wild beasts in the theatres. Those under seventeen were carried away to be sold as slaves. Of these alone, there were upwards of ninety thousand.
All this occurred in this manner, in the second year of the reign of Vespasian, according to the predictions of our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, who by his divine power foresaw all these things, as if already present at the time, who wept and mourned indeed at the prospect, as the holy evangelists show in their writings. These give us the very words that he uttered, when he said to this same Jerusalem,
"If thou didst know, even thou, in this thy day, the things that belong to thy peace, but now they are hidden from thy eyes. For the days will come upon thee, and thy enemies shall cast a trench around thee, and shall encompass thee around, and shall every where shut thee in, and they shall level thee and thy children with the ground."6
Afterwards he speaks as if of the people:
"For there shall be great distress upon earth, and wrath upon this people, and they shall fall by the edge of the sword, and they shall be carried away captive to all nations, and Jerusalem shall be trodden down by the nations, until the times of the nations shall be fulfilled."7
"When ye shall see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, then know that her desolation has drawn near."8
On comparing the declarations of our Saviour with the other parts of the historian's work, where he describes the whole war, how can one fail to acknowledge and wonder at the truly divine and extraordinary foreknowledge and prediction of our Saviour?
Concerning the events, then, that befel the Jews after our Saviour's passion, and those outcries in which the multitude of the Jews refused the condemnation of a robber and murderer, but entreated that the Prince of Life should be destroyed, it is superfluous to add to the statement of the historian. Yet it may be proper to mention, also, what things occurred that show the benignity of that all-gracious Providence that had deferred, their destruction for forty years after their crimes against Christ.9 During which time the greater part of the apostles and disciples, James himself, the first bishop there, usually called the brother of our Lord, still surviving, and still remaining at Jerusalem, continued the strongest bulwark of the place. Divine Providence yet bearing them with long-suffering, to see whether by repentance for what they had done, they might obtain pardon and salvation; and beside this long-suffering, it also presented wonderful prodigies of what was about to happen to those that did not repent; all which having been recorded by the historian already cited, it well deserved to be submitted to the view of our readers.
Taking, then, the work of this author, read for yourself the account given by him in the sixth book of his history. "The wretched people," says he,
"at this time were readily persuaded to give credit to the impostors and liars against God, but they neither believed nor paid regard to the significant and wonderful events that prognosticated the approaching desolation. On the contrary, as if struck with stupidity, and as if they had neither eyes nor understanding, they slighted the declarations of God. At one time, when a star very like a sword stood above the city, as also a comet that continued to be seen a whole year; at another, when before the rebellion and the commotions that preceded the war, whilst the people were collected at the feast of unleavened bread, on the eighth of the month of April, about the ninth hour of the night, so great a light shone around the altar and the temple, as to seem a bright day. And this continued for half an hour. To the ignorant this appeared a good omen, but by the scribes it was immediately judged to refer to the events that took place at the issue. At the same festival also, a cow struck by the priest for sacrifice, brought forth a lamb in the midst of the temple. The eastern gate also of the inner temple, which was of brass and immense weight, and which at evening was scarcely shut by twenty men, and resting on iron-bound hinges, and secured with bolts very deeply sunk in the ground, was seen in the sixth hour of the night to open of itself.
But not many days alter the feast, on the twenty-first of the month of Artimisinm, a wonderful spectre was seen, which surpasses all belief. And indeed, that which I am about to tell would appear a prodigy, were it not related by those who had seen it, and unless the subsequent miseries had corresponded to the signs. For before the setting of the sun there were seen chariots and armed troops on high, wheeling through the clouds around the whole region, and surrounding the cities. And at the festival called Pentecost, the priests entering the temple at night, according to their custom, to perform the service, said they first perceived a motion and noise, and after this a confused voice, saying, 'let us go hence.' But what follows is still more awful.
One Jesus, the son of Ananias, a common and ignorant rustic, four years before the war, when the city was most at peace and well regulated, coming to the festival, at which it was customary for all to make tabernacles at the temple, to the honour of God, suddenly began to cry out, 'A voice from the east, a voice from the west, a voice from the four winds, a voice against Jerusalem and the temple, a voice against bridegrooms and brides, a voice against all people.' This man went about crying through all the lanes, night and day. But some of the more distinguished citizens, being offended at the ominous cry, and enraged at the man, seized him, and scourged him with many and severe lashes. But without uttering a word for himself or privately to those present, he still persisted in the cries he had before uttered. The magistrates therefore, judging what it really was, a more than ordinary divine movement in the man, conducted him to the Roman governor. Then, though he was scourged to the bone, he neither entreated nor shed a tear. But, lowering his voice in as mournful a tone as was possible, he answered to every blow, 'Woe to Jerusalem!' "
The same historian relates a fact still more remarkable. He says,
"that an oracular passage was found in the sacred writings, declaring that about this time a certain one proceeding from that region would obtain the sovereignty of the world."
This prediction, he supposed, was fulfilled in Vespasian. He, however, did not obtain the sovereignty over the whole world, but only over the Romans. More justly, therefore, would it be referred to Christ, to whom it was said by the Father,
"Ask of me, and I will give thee the heathen for thine inheritance, and the uttermost parts of the earth for thy possession."9 Of whom, indeed, at this very time, "the sound of the holy apostles went throughout all the earth, and their words to the ends of the world."10
Continuing a few pages later, Eusebius adds:
It was also said that Vespasian, after the capture of Jerusalem, commanded all of the family of David to be sought, that no one might be left among the Jews who was of the royal stock, and that in consequence another very violent persecution was raised against the Jews.
1 In Matthew 24:7, Jesus says that "Nation will go to war against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famine and earthquakes against places (κατά τόπος)"
2 Matthew 28:19
3 In Luke 21:21-22 (c.f. Matt 24:15-17), Jesus says that "When you see Jerusalem surrounded by armies, you will know that her desolation is near. Then let those in Judea flee to the mountains, let those in the city get out, and let those in the country stay out of the city, for these are the days of vengeance to fulfill all that is written."
4 In Matthew 24:15-17, Jesus says that "So when you see standing in the holy place the Abomination of Desolation described by the prophet Daniel (let the reader understand), then let those in Judea flee to the mountains..."
* The passages that we have here thrown into one, are thus given by Valesius: 'Nam miseris hominibns ipsos quidem genitalium meatus ervis obturabant, podicem præacutis sudibus transfigebant.'
* Attic drachms. The drachma was a coin of about 7½d. Some make it more. Shorting, in his translation, has computed the four drachms to be half a pound sterling, and refers to his note on Bk. I. ch. viii. He there states very correctly, that four Attic drachms equal one ordinary shekel, and the shekel to be 2s. 6d., but by some unaccountable oversight, makes the four drachms equal to ten shillings! He appears to have substituted the value of the shekel for the drachm, as the reader will readily see. But what is still more surprising, this error has been transcribed by Reading in his accurate edition of Valesius. See Reading's edition in loc.
* Fury or vengeance. The Erynnes or Furies, according to the belief of the ancients, were among the tormenting fiends of Tartarus.
5 Matthew 24:19-20
6 Luke 19:42-44
8 Luke 21:20
9 Psalm 2:8
10 Psalm 19:4
Valesius. (1847). Life of Eusebius Pamphilus. In Parker S.E. (Trans.), An Ecclesiastical History to the 20th Year of the Reign of Constantine (pp. 104–115, 118). London: Samuel Bagster and Sons.
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Q: UITableView section index targets wrong cell in iOS 7, top row hides under navigation bar I have an app with a UITableView which is fed data through an NSFetchedResultsController. The table view is sorted alphabetically and divided into sections by first letter.
When upgrading to iOS 7 on my phone, I have noticed that the section index titles does not work properly:
Action:
Tap section index title "M" to scroll list to items starting with the letter M.
Expected results:
Table view scrolls to first item in section M, section header remains visible.
Actual results:
Table view scrolls to second item in section M, section header is not visible. The first item exists, but is just above the visible box.
On iOS 6, it all works as expected.
On a side note, the rubber banding effect above the top row and below the bottom row has a strange behavior as well, by 'stretching' the rubber band, I can see the first row, but as soon as I release it, the first row scrolls offscreen again. Likewise for the bottom row.
Updates
This is most likely caused by migrating from Xcode 4.6 Auto-layout to Xcode 5 Auto-layout, which I hear are not compatible. Maybe some constraint gone bad? I'm still struggling to find the cause of it.
The scene in Interface Builder consists of a UIView that contains two subviews -- two UITableViews that lay on top of eachother. Which of the two views that is visible is toggled through a UISegmentedControl on top in the nav bar. On the bottom there is a tab bar.
I have laid out interface manually in IB so that they all are fullscreen, this is done individually, i.e. no constraint specify same width/height, etc. The constraints I use have been none; suggested contraints by Autolayout; and I have also tried making contentInsets on both tableviews, as suggested by @duci9y.
The nav bar is set to non-transparent as suggested by @Popara.
End note
If I could understand how set the tableviews to be full screen except to shrink to make sure they don't underlap the navbar and tab bar.

A: This doesn't sound like an autolayout issue to me. In the view controller containing the table view, run self.automaticallyAdjustsScrollViewInsets = YES; in viewDidLoad.
Is the table view controller pushed on a navigation controller? Then that should be all you need to do.
If not, you need to read up on the properties edgesForExtendedLayout and topLayoutGuide. The latter is what you need to override if your view controller contains its own navigation bar.
topLayoutGuide tells your view controller how much top content inset any scroll views should have (this applies to table views since they inherit from scroll views). Since on iOS7, your table view goes behind the navigation bar (since it's translucent) its top layout guide must be set to be just below the navigation bar.
If your view hierarchy is more complicated (table view is not a direct subview of the view controller view), then you can set the content inset manually:
tableView.contentInset = UIEdgeInsetsMake(CGRectGetMaxY(navigationBar.frame), 0, 0, 0);

A: set your tableview frame delta y to 20 in iOS 7
try this.

A: in ios7 y-axis start from top it may be navigation bar is there or not
if you wants your y-axis start from below navigation bar (y-axis==0 after navigation bar )
 you have to some coding in -viwDidLoad method  like:-
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
    [super viewDidLoad];
    if ([self respondsToSelector:@selector(edgesForExtendedLayout)])
    self.edgesForExtendedLayout = UIRectEdgeNone;
    //here your initilization for table and others starts
}

A: Main UI difference in iOS 6 and iOS 7 is that status bar is included inside the viewcontroller in iOS 7. it means your view controller is 20 px greater than iOS6. you have to adjust your items. First design your items according to iOS 6 which is better way and you must have a lot of practice of doing that, now set Δy to 20 for every item.
Or design your items according to iOS 7 and set Δy to -20
See this Post for further details.

A: Yes this is AutoLayout transition issue.
It seems that positioning of the table view bounds is not right.
In iOS7 View Controllers are positioned beneath the navigation bar, namely sharing the same starting view point (0,0), so the first cell is covered by navigation bar + section header.
More preferable path would be to set that your navigation bar is not translucent (probably via appearance proxy).
The other option, to somehow offset your tableview for navigation bar height delta, either in loadView or viewDidLoad.
Best of luck.

A: Assuming your table view is in a controller within a Navigation controller/Tab bar controller hierarchy:
self.tableView.contentInset = UIEdgeInsetsMake(self.topLayoutGuide.length, 0, self.bottomLayoutGuide.length, 0);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


If anything it sounds a bit low.
making a Byz necklace out of 18k rings that was going to sell for $3000 US.
out the obvious in the email addy).
you may be pleasantly surprised and see an increase in business!
Must be something wrong with it, so I'll go for the dearer one..
Words and definitions! I think we're are real close to exactly agreeing.
take a skilled artist x the rate a skilled artist would take to make it.
my wholesale is figured a little higher.
between -- like 2/3 or 3/4 of wholesale.
and reselling, than to making things.
not too flush cash-wise right now! I'll email you.
sounds waaay too low to me. Have you posted this ? to rec.crafts.jewelry?
Someone there might be able to help you..
customers than I would pay for it myself. It's just not worth than amount!
going for is about �100 (and that was a very nice one with cz stones).
Maybe to the US market I could raise my prices, but that doesn't seem fair.
for decorative things in general, because I'm cheap that way.
to make money running a jewelry business.
That's not cheap, that's a steal.
22 is the highest gold jewellery you can buy in the UK.
because I know *some* "worry"


After the launch of an internet, digital-currency and the great blockchain technology behind it has been tipped to be the next big thing that will ever happen to human. This blockchain technology has been projected to have more impact in financial sector than every other sector where applied. This blockchain has the power and potential to bring changes to the whole financial system in which some changes and development have already been discovered ever since its adoption in the financial sector.
Some of the noticeable changes and development are improved trust and transparency, quick execution of transaction and some other benefits. One good advantage of blockchain technology is the delegation of power to the users and members directly which means powers are not been delegated to the central authority as we have experienced in the past. Blockchain development means a lot for both the financial industries and the end-users which are the customers. Its application in the financial industries reduces the stress, bulkiness, time allocated to each task and likewise help the customers to in quick processing of transaction, save lot of time for transaction for the customers and users and likewise its reduces the costs incurred on every transaction.
Blockchain technology is known to disrupt any financial institution or industries suffering from the problems mentioned above such as trust, transparency, high fees, slow deposit and withdrawal, insecurity and some others. These are the reasons why I'm introducing BCNEX financial project based on blockchain network to all my subscribers, crypto-lovers, traders and all crypto users out there. As we have identified the problems facing the financial institution, it needs a fast solution to all these problems if there will be any great development in the sector. That's why BCNEX team has come with a possible solution through the adoption of blockchain technology to improve the whole financial sector. BCNEX project focused on the eradication of intermediaries in the financial sector. The traditional banks which are mostly centralized serve as the intermediaries and third-parties to every transaction conducted between members. BCNEX exchange will create trust among the users and traders without the involvement of intermediaries simply through the use of crypto-currency as the new transaction method. As the intermediaries would be removed from the system, it would lower the cost of transaction from both parties involved which is why I see BCNEX project as the real thing in the financial sector.
BCNEX crypto-currency exchange project aims to be the most secured platform in which safety of user's fund and assets will be its priority. Let's take the war and crises zone as an example we have seen what is happening to the local and native currency in Venezuela already which these problems have proven to the world that the local currency is not safe during crises and war. That's why there is need for global adoption of digital currency and in other to ensure that adoption BCNEX has taken a step-forward through the launch of its exchange which users can easily safe their assets and funds anytime they want.
Other area focused on by BCNEX project is the customer satisfaction which the project has promised to improve and give the best satisfaction any customers can ever dreamt of. With the availability of good customer support users and traders in BCNEX exchange platform would be rest assured that there is someone out there for them in case of any enquiries or difficulties.
BCNEX exchange platform will be the best trading platform for all the crypto-currency traders because they have implemented some advanced trading features which are better than features present in the other trading platform out there. Some advanced trading tools have been implemented by BCNEX in the area of order arrangement, number of transactions per second which will be the largest of all crypto-currency exchange.
BCNEX has developed its own token which will be used in the platform as transaction fees and other payment method.


text:
An analysis of the orientation and emphasis of intended grade-10 chemistry curricula as represented in textbooks from different Chinese communities
Xiaoge Chen, Mei Hung Chiu, Ingo Eilks
Graduate Institute of Science Education
This study presents an analysis of the representation of intended curricula in 10th grade chemistry textbooks from different Chinese communities, namely from the People's Republic of China, Taiwan, and the Chinese minority in Malaysia. The study aims to identify the commonalities and differences among seven textbooks concerning the emphasis and orientation of the intended curriculum. It also looks at any indications of how student-oriented these curricula are in terms of the presentation of content and the suggested activities. The findings indicate that the Taiwanese textbooks have a high degree of contextualization and socio-scientific issues orientation, supported by rich and colorful illustrations as well as the integration of macro- and submicroscopic aspects of chemistry concepts. The textbook from Malaysia uses a quite traditional approach. It basically follows a structure-of-the-discipline orientation, using less contextualization and fewer illustrations. The textbooks from the People's Republic of China lie somewhere in between the textbooks from Taiwan and Malaysia. They offer some indications of student-oriented learning and have some extent of daily life and socio-scientific issues orientation.
Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education
https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/100642
Published - 2019 Jan 1
10.29333/ejmste/100642
Fingerprint Dive into the research topics of 'An analysis of the orientation and emphasis of intended grade-10 chemistry curricula as represented in textbooks from different Chinese communities'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Malaysia Mathematics
Curriculum Mathematics
Textbooks Engineering & Materials Science
Chemistry Mathematics
Curricula Engineering & Materials Science
Community Mathematics
Taiwan Mathematics
chemistry Social Sciences
Chen, X., Chiu, M. H., & Eilks, I. (2019). An analysis of the orientation and emphasis of intended grade-10 chemistry curricula as represented in textbooks from different Chinese communities. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 15(2), [em1663]. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/100642
An analysis of the orientation and emphasis of intended grade-10 chemistry curricula as represented in textbooks from different Chinese communities. / Chen, Xiaoge; Chiu, Mei Hung; Eilks, Ingo.
In: Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, Vol. 15, No. 2, em1663, 01.01.2019.
Chen, X, Chiu, MH & Eilks, I 2019, 'An analysis of the orientation and emphasis of intended grade-10 chemistry curricula as represented in textbooks from different Chinese communities', Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, vol. 15, no. 2, em1663. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/100642
Chen X, Chiu MH, Eilks I. An analysis of the orientation and emphasis of intended grade-10 chemistry curricula as represented in textbooks from different Chinese communities. Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education. 2019 Jan 1;15(2). em1663. https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/100642
Chen, Xiaoge ; Chiu, Mei Hung ; Eilks, Ingo. / An analysis of the orientation and emphasis of intended grade-10 chemistry curricula as represented in textbooks from different Chinese communities. In: Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education. 2019 ; Vol. 15, No. 2.
@article{f89281188e6745b99e97ec8d6dae8c17,
title = "An analysis of the orientation and emphasis of intended grade-10 chemistry curricula as represented in textbooks from different Chinese communities",
abstract = "This study presents an analysis of the representation of intended curricula in 10th grade chemistry textbooks from different Chinese communities, namely from the People's Republic of China, Taiwan, and the Chinese minority in Malaysia. The study aims to identify the commonalities and differences among seven textbooks concerning the emphasis and orientation of the intended curriculum. It also looks at any indications of how student-oriented these curricula are in terms of the presentation of content and the suggested activities. The findings indicate that the Taiwanese textbooks have a high degree of contextualization and socio-scientific issues orientation, supported by rich and colorful illustrations as well as the integration of macro- and submicroscopic aspects of chemistry concepts. The textbook from Malaysia uses a quite traditional approach. It basically follows a structure-of-the-discipline orientation, using less contextualization and fewer illustrations. The textbooks from the People's Republic of China lie somewhere in between the textbooks from Taiwan and Malaysia. They offer some indications of student-oriented learning and have some extent of daily life and socio-scientific issues orientation.",
keywords = "Chemistry education, Curriculum, Textbooks",
author = "Xiaoge Chen and Chiu, {Mei Hung} and Ingo Eilks",
doi = "10.29333/ejmste/100642",
journal = "Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education",
publisher = "Moment Publications",
T1 - An analysis of the orientation and emphasis of intended grade-10 chemistry curricula as represented in textbooks from different Chinese communities
AU - Chen, Xiaoge
AU - Chiu, Mei Hung
AU - Eilks, Ingo
N2 - This study presents an analysis of the representation of intended curricula in 10th grade chemistry textbooks from different Chinese communities, namely from the People's Republic of China, Taiwan, and the Chinese minority in Malaysia. The study aims to identify the commonalities and differences among seven textbooks concerning the emphasis and orientation of the intended curriculum. It also looks at any indications of how student-oriented these curricula are in terms of the presentation of content and the suggested activities. The findings indicate that the Taiwanese textbooks have a high degree of contextualization and socio-scientific issues orientation, supported by rich and colorful illustrations as well as the integration of macro- and submicroscopic aspects of chemistry concepts. The textbook from Malaysia uses a quite traditional approach. It basically follows a structure-of-the-discipline orientation, using less contextualization and fewer illustrations. The textbooks from the People's Republic of China lie somewhere in between the textbooks from Taiwan and Malaysia. They offer some indications of student-oriented learning and have some extent of daily life and socio-scientific issues orientation.
AB - This study presents an analysis of the representation of intended curricula in 10th grade chemistry textbooks from different Chinese communities, namely from the People's Republic of China, Taiwan, and the Chinese minority in Malaysia. The study aims to identify the commonalities and differences among seven textbooks concerning the emphasis and orientation of the intended curriculum. It also looks at any indications of how student-oriented these curricula are in terms of the presentation of content and the suggested activities. The findings indicate that the Taiwanese textbooks have a high degree of contextualization and socio-scientific issues orientation, supported by rich and colorful illustrations as well as the integration of macro- and submicroscopic aspects of chemistry concepts. The textbook from Malaysia uses a quite traditional approach. It basically follows a structure-of-the-discipline orientation, using less contextualization and fewer illustrations. The textbooks from the People's Republic of China lie somewhere in between the textbooks from Taiwan and Malaysia. They offer some indications of student-oriented learning and have some extent of daily life and socio-scientific issues orientation.
KW - Chemistry education
KW - Curriculum
KW - Textbooks
U2 - 10.29333/ejmste/100642
DO - 10.29333/ejmste/100642
JO - Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education
JF - Eurasia Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education
M1 - em1663

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Chihuahuas Set Franchise Record with 11 Consecutive Wins
Steve Kaplowitz
Jorge Salgado
Seven games into the 2019 season, the El Paso Chihuahuas were 1-6 and in last place in the Pacific Coast League's Pacific Southern Division. Their pitching was getting bombed early and the offense could not outscore their opponents. Their struggles were almost expected for so many reasons. They have a new manager in Edwin Rodriguez and a lineup featuring many new players. Adjusting to a new skipper and roster takes time. The Chihuahuas have been so good over the last four seasons, they were due for a clunker.
You can take those theories and throw them out the window. The team just set a new franchise record with their 11th consecutive win. In fact, El Paso has been victorious in 17 out of their last 18 games! Suddenly, this 1-6 team is now 18-7 and back in their familiar first place spot in the standings.
The Chihuahuas are not winning low scoring games either. They are destroying the baseball and accumulating video game offensive statistics. El Paso leads the PCL with a .321 team batting average, 20-points higher than the next team, Albuquerque. The Chihuahuas have also hit a staggering 65 home runs through their first 25 games and driven in 204 runs. That is an average of more than eight runs per game!
Individually, 10 players are hitting .300 or better, led by Ty France's .423 average. The 26-year old was recently called up to San Diego and playing third base while Fernando Tatis Jr. recovers from a hamstring injury. Manny Machado has temporarily moved to shortstop for the Padres. Luis Urias was just named PCL Player of the week for his five home run performance over the weekend and Alex Dickerson is working his way back from two injury-played seasons with a .378 batting average.
While the Chihuahuas continue to knock the cover off of the baseball, their pitching staff has been good enough to keep them in every game. Jerry Keel and Cal Quantrill have three wins each with ERAs in the mid 4's. Quantrill was just called up to San Diego to make a start for the Padres today. It remains to be seen if he will stay in the San Diego rotation. Dietrich Enns also has three wins, but his ERA is closer to 6. Top prospect Logan Allen along with Dillon Overton and Bryan Mitchell have all struggled on the mound this season, but the team's offense has picked them up every time. El Pasoan Fernie Rodriguez leads the team with three saves as he tries to get back to the Major Leagues for the first time since 2016.
Chihuahuas manager Edwin Rodriguez is a veteran with over 40 years of experience in professional baseball. It did not take long for Rodriguez to discover his team's winning formula and they are playing with an unbelievable level of confidence in the first month of the season. There is a ton of baseball left to play, including the Triple-A All Star Game at Southwest University Park in July. In the meantime, the Chihuahuas continue to win baseball games at an incredible pace.
Filed Under: baseball, edwin rodriguez, El Paso Chihuahuas, pcl
Categories: Baseball, Chihuahuas, Local / El Paso / Texas, Sports


text:
Home > Articles > Cisco Network Technology > IP Communications/VoIP > 5 Questions with Cisco Systems' Telephony Expert Anne Smith
5 Questions with Cisco Systems' Telephony Expert Anne Smith
By Anne Smith.
Article is provided courtesy of Cisco Press.
Date: Jan 31, 2003.
5 Questions with Cisco Systems' Telephony Expert Anne Smith
Telephony Expert Anne Smith talks about Cisco CallManager, the core of a Cisco IP Telephony (CIPT) solution, and the future of IP telephony.
Troubleshooting Cisco IP Telephony
You co-wrote Cisco CallManager Fundamentals. What motivated you to write a book focusing specifically on Cisco CallManager? Who is the intended audience, and what are you hoping to share with them?
Cisco CallManager Fundamentals was a very important book to me, and to many of us at Cisco. At Selsius Systems, the company at which CallManager was born (prior to Cisco's acquisition of Selsius), we had provided documentation only for the client side of CallManager—how to add users, phones, configure your system, etc. What we really wanted to offer, but as a small start-up company lacked the resources to provide, was the server side operations. For example, how does CallManager process calls—what messages are sent by CallManager to make the phone function normally, how is digit analysis performed, and so on. So documenting all those server side operations was always an important goal of mine. Having the opportunity to write about it with the original system architects—Chris Pearce, Delon Whetten, and John Alexander—was such a fantastic opportunity.
What are the typical hurdles to setting up, learning, and administering Cisco CallManager?
My perspective is that planning and design is the number one most important aspect of a successful CallManager system. So much work needs to be put into the system design and network integration prior to even installing CallManager, phones, gateways, or applications. This planning and design must be completed to ensure a stable infrastructure that's ready for voice and to take advantage of all the benefits voice over IP has to offer.
How can the effective management of an IP telephony network lead to increased efficiency and become a competitive advantage to a company?
Well, it's not just about effective management. It's also about planning and design, which must take place prior to installing a system and must be an ongoing task as new company sites are added and business expands. Good design and planning ensures that companies take advantage of all the cost-saving benefits available to them. With a Cisco IP Telephony (CIPT) solution (of which CallManager is the core call processing component), advantages over PBXs and increased efficiency can be found at nearly every turn. For example, CIPT eliminates the fees old-world telephony vendors charge for moves, adds, and changes. Now administration of your system is completed via CallManager Administration (a Web-based interface that can be accessed from anywhere in the world). Companies reduce toll costs because calls to various company sites now travel over the company's existing LANs and WANs, rather than through the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). These are just two examples of the benefits of Cisco IP Telephony.
What are your predictions for the future of IP telephony? Will we eventually see this type of system totally replace existing legacy phone service, or is it strictly a business solution?
Definitely I expect IP telephony to eclipse PBXs in terms of business telephony, and that is already happening. But Cisco also functions in the service provider market which could someday see Cisco IP Phones in the home—and not just as a home office solution.
What is the biggest challenge in IP telephony right now? A technological hurdle? Customer knowledge and acceptance?
I suspect the biggest challenge remains proper design and comprehensive planning prior to installation. Also, there's a knowledge ramp-up required because in old-world telephony, the data network and the telephone network were managed by separate departments or individuals. With CIPT, the network becomes converged for both data and voice and so the administrator must understand how to effectively manage both aspects.
Return to Beginning
Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) Walkthrough
By Sean Wilkins
Trunking Mechanics of Cisco Network Switches


I would like to thank Elena Petrova and her web-site for the truth about Russian women.You do not think like most people involved in this business. But your reputation benefits from your actions every time.Tony, Sacramento, California I would just like to say that I am impressed with the sincere and honest answers you provide to men who may be pursuing a Russian woman's interest.By Ian Spencer: "I thought I would share my experience with Russian or in this case Ukrainian ladies. I have now found myself in the situation that I feel comfortable in Ukraine.I like the people, men and women, young and old."I agree wholeheartedly with people who have written here about Russia and how safe it is, the friendliness of the people, the warmth, etc. Russian women are SMART, WARM, CARING, and most of all, desirous of being wanted, loved by, and cared for by a man who isn't playing games with them." Russian women are AWESOME! - by Elena Petrova - "There is no such a thing as "Russian mail order brides" - no more than there is Santa Claus!
Sám sa v roku 2000 označil za zapáleného, ale obyčajného inžiniéra, ktorý nosí biele ponožky.


text:
Should You Buy Target Stock for the 4% Dividend Yield?
The retailer's stock has fallen on hard times, but a best-in-class payout makes that forgivable.
Nicholas Rossolillo
(TMFnrossolillo)
Dec 27, 2017 at 2:34PM
Follow @@nrossolillo
2017 hasn't been the best of years for big-box store Target (NYSE:TGT). The company launched an ambitious makeover strategy to update its selling model for the digital age and is dipping into its profit margins to do it. Target has a long history of paying and raising its dividend -- it's even a Dividend Aristocrat -- but given changes in the retail world, there is reason to double-check this one.
After a recent rebound in share prices, Target's dividend has an annualized yield of 3.8% as of this writing. However, the stock is down 9% for 2017 as of this writing and a falling stock price leads to a higher yield.
Foot traffic has been a struggle in recent years as consumers steadily trend toward online shopping. To fight back, management announced a multiyear effort that involved new store formats and remodels, new exclusive brands, new order fulfillment options, and price reductions.
A business willing to invest in itself is a good thing, except this investment was more about staving off competition like Amazon (NASDAQ:AMZN) more than it was about investing for growth. Sales have been stagnant the last few years, and that rebound effort is going to cost money. Through 2019, management said it will spend $7 billion to update the business model. Annual operating profits have been running about $4.5 billion a year.
Data by YCharts.
Adding to the pressure on profit margins are other spending items, like Target's recently announced acquisition of same-day delivery company Shipt for $550 million. With so much going out to get Target ready for the 21st century, if business doesn't pick up at some point, that could eventually put the dividend at risk.
The last two years will certainly go down as transition years for Target, but business isn't as bad as one might think. Foot traffic in-store has stabilized as of late, and the company continues to grow its online sales north of 20% every quarter.
Full-year 2017 profits are expected to be down as much as 12% from 2016, but that's much better than the initial forecast management provided. Free cash flow -- money left over after basic operations are paid for -- is still down this year, but still high enough to easily cover Target's current $0.62-a-share quarterly dividend. The company's payout ratio is around 50%.
TGT Free Cash Flow Per Share (TTM) data by YCharts
As for spending on acquisitions like Shipt, Target has plenty of cash. As of the last reported quarter, the company reported over $2.7 billion in cash and cash equivalents and over $40 billion in total assets. The company can afford the occasional spending spree.
Perhaps the most telling sign that Target's dividend is safe, though, is that it's still on the rise. Over the summer, the company increased its quarterly payout to $0.62 a share from $0.60 a share. That's only a 3% raise for shareholders, but companies in dire financial situations don't increase dividends.
The last payment, in December, was the company's 201st consecutive quarterly dividend since it began paying one in 1967. While times may be difficult right now, this isn't the first time Target has maintained its payday in the face of economic challenges.
TGT Dividend data by YCharts
The long and the short
The good news for the big-box store is beginning to outweigh the bad. Just when you thought Target might be sunk by online competitors, the company is showing renewed signs of life by benefiting from the same online shopping trends that originally put its future in question. Plus, the fact the company pays a dividend at all is impressive. Amazon doesn't pay one, and retail king Walmart's current dividend yield is only at 2.1%.
Though some headwinds will persist, Target's dividend looks like it will continue to be a good investment for investors looking for income.
NYSE:TGT
Walmart Inc.
NYSE:WMT
NASDAQ:AMZN
$-17.87
How Walmart, Target, and eBay Are Taking on Prime Day
eBay and Target Ramp Up the Bargains to Compete With Amazon Prime Day
Why Target Is a Dividend Investor's Dream
Why Target Stock Has Gained 31% So Far in 2019
Target Opening More Stores on (or Near) College Campuses
Should You Buy Target Stock for the 4% Dividend Yield? @themotleyfool #stocks $TGT $WMT $AMZN Next Article


Not all custom suits are created equal.
This is the unfortunate truth I came to realize a few months into my daily life as an attorney. As I sat at a cubicle in my custom suit, I wondered why my suit felt no better than any altered designer suit I had previously purchased. I scoured sites looking for custom suits in Chicago and beyond, and came to the simple conclusion that Chicago was missing a true quality custom suit.
I invite you to discover the joys of our bespoke suiting and shirting, which is now recognized as Best of Chicago. We are dedicated to crafting your dream garment.
Available across a wide range of categories, including shirting and footwear, ESQ offers the exclusivity of a unique garment, entirely modeled and handcrafted to meet your exacting requirements. Unparalleled handmade craftsmanship and expansive fabric selection are the two fundamentals upon which an ESQ Bespoke item is built - from Gutterman thread to handmade Italian canvassing.
The ESQ fabric selection offers over 40,000 variations of wool, light cashmere, wool and silk, cotton and linens, and ultra rare fabrics including Treasure Box by Scabal and Jade by Dormeuil. These are available in a wide variety of colors and patterns, to match your personality perfectly.
The selection of fabric, house style, cut and fit as well as the choice of a full range of options such as lapel shape, buttons, lining, shirt collar and cuffs can be completed in our flagship showroom at 555 W Jackson Blvd in Chicago.
The ESQ garment is the pinnacle of men's tailoring as an art. It represents the countless hours and the tireless men and women whom have achieved the highest level of sartorial excellence. Our unique process requires over 45 hours of workmanship and each suit lives and breathes thanks to more than 6,000 meticulous stitches made by hand. From your initial fitting and pattern making, to the final button sewn and ironing process, the ESQ suit renders itself an unmatched dream garment.
It's been an interesting journey since starting ESQ, one that has taken my travels all over the world not just to seek out the best fabrics and materials, but also to learn as much as I could about tailoring as an art. I continue to learn daily, and there's much more to learn. But as we continue to improve, join us on a journey where each ESQ suit represents an art form uncompromising to be the best garment you'll ever own.
As anyone who owns an ESQ suit will attest, it's more than just any suit, it's the best damn piece of garment you can put on your body.


text:
/**
 * Http与Servlet工具类
 */
package com.QuickStartFrame.management.util;

/**
 * @author Jermey.Woo
 *
 */
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;

import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ServletUtils {

	//-- Content Type 定义 --//
	public static final String TEXT_TYPE = "text/plain";
	public static final String JSON_TYPE = "application/json";
	public static final String XML_TYPE = "text/xml";
	public static final String HTML_TYPE = "text/html";
	public static final String JS_TYPE = "text/javascript";
	public static final String EXCEL_TYPE = "application/vnd.ms-excel";

	//-- Header 定义 --//
	public static final String AUTHENTICATION_HEADER = "Authorization";

	//-- 常用数值定义 --//
	public static final long ONE_YEAR_SECONDS = 60 * 60 * 24 * 365;

	/**
	 * 设置客户端缓存过期时间 的Header.
	 */
	public static void setExpiresHeader(HttpServletResponse response, long expiresSeconds) {
		//Http 1.0 header
		response.setDateHeader("Expires", System.currentTimeMillis() + expiresSeconds * 1000);
		//Http 1.1 header
		response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "private, max-age=" + expiresSeconds);
	}

	/**
	 * 设置禁止客户端缓存的Header.
	 */
	public static void setDisableCacheHeader(HttpServletResponse response) {
		//Http 1.0 header
		response.setDateHeader("Expires", 1L);
		response.addHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");
		//Http 1.1 header
		response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache, no-store, max-age=0");
	}

	/**
	 * 设置LastModified Header.
	 */
	public static void setLastModifiedHeader(HttpServletResponse response, long lastModifiedDate) {
		response.setDateHeader("Last-Modified", lastModifiedDate);
	}

	/**
	 * 设置Etag Header.
	 */
	public static void setEtag(HttpServletResponse response, String etag) {
		response.setHeader("ETag", etag);
	}

	/**
	 * 根据浏览器If-Modified-Since Header, 计算文件是否已被修改.
	 *
	 * 如果无修改, checkIfModify返回false ,设置304 not modify status.
	 *
	 * @param lastModified 内容的最后修改时间.
	 */
	public static boolean checkIfModifiedSince(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response,
			long lastModified) {
		long ifModifiedSince = request.getDateHeader("If-Modified-Since");
		if ((ifModifiedSince != -1) && (lastModified < ifModifiedSince + 1000)) {
			response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_MODIFIED);
			return false;
		}
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * 根据浏览器 If-None-Match Header, 计算Etag是否已无效.
	 *
	 * 如果Etag有效, checkIfNoneMatch返回false, 设置304 not modify status.
	 *
	 * @param etag 内容的ETag.
	 */
	public static boolean checkIfNoneMatchEtag(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, String etag) {
		String headerValue = request.getHeader("If-None-Match");
		if (headerValue != null) {
			boolean conditionSatisfied = false;
			if (!"*".equals(headerValue)) {
				StringTokenizer commaTokenizer = new StringTokenizer(headerValue, ",");

				while (!conditionSatisfied && commaTokenizer.hasMoreTokens()) {
					String currentToken = commaTokenizer.nextToken();
					if (currentToken.trim().equals(etag)) {
						conditionSatisfied = true;
					}
				}
			} else {
				conditionSatisfied = true;
			}

			if (conditionSatisfied) {
				response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_MODIFIED);
				response.setHeader("ETag", etag);
				return false;
			}
		}
		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * 设置让浏览器弹出下载对话框的Header.
	 *
	 * @param fileName 下载后的文件名.
	 */
	public static void setFileDownloadHeader(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName) {
		try {
			//中文文件名支持
			String encodedfileName = new String(fileName.getBytes(), "ISO8859-1");
			response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment; filename=\"" + encodedfileName + "\"");
		} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
		}
	}

	/**
	 * 接收servlet请求数据Gzip格式
	 * @param request
	 * @return
	 */
	public static byte [] receiveDataGzip(HttpServletRequest request){
		ServletInputStream inputStream = null;
		ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		try{
			inputStream = request.getInputStream();
			byte[] b = new byte[2014];
			int len ;
			while ((len = inputStream.read(b))>=0) {
				baos.write(b, 0, len);
			}
			return baos.toByteArray();
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			try {
				baos.close();
				inputStream.close();
			} catch (IOException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
		return null;
	}
	/**
	 * 用于servlet接收数据
	 * @param request
	 * @return
	 */
	public static String receiveData(HttpServletRequest request){
		String json = null;
		try{
			BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new
					InputStreamReader((ServletInputStream)request.getInputStream()));
	        String line = null;

	        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
	        while((line = br.readLine())!=null){
	         sb.append(line);
	        }
	        json = sb.toString();
	        sb = null;
	        line = null;
	        br.close();
	        br = null;
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return json;
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
‹ Somebody Save Me
Tuesday 10: Leonardo DiCaprio ›
May 13, 2013 LWST: Better Off Ted Season One Wrap-Up
Season one is over and done, thirteen great episodes with very few weak spots. This is one of the best first seasons of a show that I've ever seen (compare it to Seinfeld, which was fine in its first two seasons, but didn't hit its stride until season three). This is my fifth watch-through of this show and I still can't figure out why it didn't get more attention. I don't pretend to understand the ins and outs of network programming and marketing, but I can't help but think somebody messed up on this one, big time. People like workplace comedies, people like wackiness, people like love subplots, (I presume) people like crazy inventions, and people like laughing – so what's the deal? Maybe people still don't like sitcoms without a laugh track. We're in the 21st century here, people! Try to catch up! Honestly, this is the next show I wish Netflix would revive, now that they've done Arrested Development. Yes, yes, Firefly and all that, but I'd vote for Better Off Ted first.
I think I got off in my counting a little bit, but here are a couple of first season numbers for you:
Twelve of the thirteen episodes had Veridian commercials
There were 47 inventions/ideas mentioned or seen
There were 42 coworkers seen or mentioned (actually, some crowd scenes would raise the "seen" number quite a bit, but we're sticking with coworkers that were more (or slightly more) than set pieces
Bhamba is the coworker seen most, appearing in five of the thirteen episodes (again, I think my counting on some of the other coworkers might be off, but the Bhamba numbers seem solid)
Rick is second most, at three.
Number of episodes where Veronica is awesome: 13
These entries on the show are some of the least-read on the site, but I'm going to go ahead and start season two next week for two reasons:
Those who are watching and reading along are as big of fans of the show as I am and have a lot of great insight to it.
I really enjoy seeing the show this way. I'd kind of like to do it for all of my favorite shows, but there are hundreds of episodes of some of those and I can't even imagine trying to keep the spreadsheets on those.
I keep hoping these articles will get someone new interested in the show. The second season hasn't been released on DVD yet, and I don't know how to make that happen. A bigger fanbase seems the only option, though the farther out we get from when the show aired, the less likely it seems that it will happen.
Thanks for joining me through season one! Come on back for season two starting next week!
Tags: Better Off Ted, LWST
Written by: Mark
Write a new comment 4 comments
Permalink # bd said
I'd never even heard of the show until not long ago when it was suggested by you and Bishma. Now it's one of my favorite things and a Netflix go-to.
Permalink # Mark said
It's so easy to pick it back up again, even right after you've finished watching through it.
Permalink # Derek said
By my math Veronica is awesome in 14.04 episodes. Her awesomeness to episode ratio is 1.08:1 second only to the Harlem Globetrotters on Scooby Doo (who had a ratio of 1.12:1).
I am surprised and disappointed that these articles aren't read more. I figured after a couple episodes we'd gain at least a few converts to the way to Ted.
You know, I wanted to say something like that about Veronica but I couldn't get it to work right. Nicely done :)
And I think I was hoping these entries would spur more folk on to trying the show. Maybe they will some day.


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Yes, all Call-Center personnel have been on red alert....they have made millions of dollars over the last few years being called in for false alarms....but I think this time it is real!!!
"Marolynn"? That's a crime against good spelling (and, presumably, pronunciation as well) for a start.


text:
Q: python convert string "0" to float gives error i have the following code in my python script, to launch an application and grab the output of it.
An example of this output would be 'confirmed : 0'
Now i only want to know the number, in this case zero, but normally this number is float, like 0.005464
When i run this code it tells me it cannot convert "0" to float. What am i doing wrong?
This is the error i get now:
ValueError: could not convert string to float: "0"
cmd = subprocess.Popen('/Applications/Electrum.app/Contents/MacOS/Electrum getbalance', shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
for line in cmd.stdout:
    if "confirmed" in line:
    a,b=line.split(': ',1)
    if float(b)>0:
        print "Positive amount"
    else:
        print "Empty"

A: According to the exception you got, the value contained in b is not 0, but "0" (including the quotes), and therefore cannot be converted to a float directly. You'll need to remove the quotes first, e.g. with float(b.strip('"')).
As can be seen in the following examples, the exception description does not add the quotes, so they must have been part of the original string:
>>> float('"0"')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: could not convert string to float: "0"
>>> float('a')
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ValueError: could not convert string to float: a

A: I have tested the code and found that split(': ', 1) result contains string
>>> line = "1: 456: confirmed"
>>> "confirmed" in line
True
>>> a,b=line.split(': ', 1)
>>> a
'1'
>>> b
'456: confirmed'


text:
What you can expect from the 2011 Frankfurt Motor Show
Racing Kingdom - the online racing game!
2012 Fiat Panda Revealed
Chevy's Miss Evelyn Is The Most Watched Ad Ever
The numbers of this year's Super Bowl edition were published and the winner for the most watched ad is General Motors with its ad "Miss Evelyn's Wild Ride" for the Chevrolet Camaro. According to the estimates made by Nielsen, the ad about two guys describing a woman's wild journey in a silver-painted Chevy Camaro was watched by 119,628,000 people, making it the most-watched ad ever made.
GM took down last year's record that was achieved by a Doritos ad which was watched by 116,231,920 people. More than that, General Motors managed to grab the second place also, with the ad for the Chevrolet Cruze, watched by 119.3 million people.
Despite all of these achievements, the favorite commercial aired during the 2011 Super Bowl was VW's little Darth Vader for the new Passat which according to Nielsen's liability index it rated 186 which is quite impressive taking into consideration the fact that the average score for the Super Bowl commercials is 100, making Volkswagen's ad almost twice as liked as the average commercial.
VW's second ad was for the new Beetle and ranked 6th most favorite ad with a 146 score. The ad for Chrysler's 200 model which featured rap star Eminem got a 138 score, good for the 8th place, while Audi's A8 ad ranked 10th place with 127.
Post tags: Tags: ad, chevrolet-camaro, super bowl
Super Bowl MVP Will Get A Camaro
2011 Chevrolet Camaro Convertible
The all-mighty Super Bowl is right around the corner and as if the players weren't wealthy enough, the MVP will get a brand new Chevrolet Camaro for his achievement. Courtesy of General Motors, the winner of the Pete Rozelle MVP will feel the breeze in his un-helmeted hair driving the 2011 Chevrolet Camaro Convertible.
In the past, GM offered many Cadillacs for the MVPs and obviously, the Escalade was the most popular car. This is a good and affordable way of advertising the car when we take into consideration that a 30-seconds spot costs up to $3 million (not that GM isn't doing that too).
The Camaro Convertible is available with either a 3.6-liter Direct Injection V6 power unit or with a more powerful V8 that churns 426 hp (the SS model). The latter will allow the car to reach 60 mph in only 4.9 seconds. The car rolls on 8×20-inch rims in the front and 9×20-inch wheels in the back, covered by Pirelli PZero 245/40ZR20 103Y / 275/40ZR20.
The Super Bowl MVP will get the Pete Rozelle Trophy which is a silver model made by Tifanny & Co. as well as the cool convertible on February 7th at 8:30 AM CST at the Super Bowl XLV Media Center.
Post tags: Tags: camaro convertible, Chevrolet, General Motors, super bowl
Super Bowl Ad Spots
Audi will certainly have one of the most significant presences during the upcoming Super Bowl ad lineup, but they will not be alone as eight car manufacturers have bought ad time this year, meaning that we should expect more than 15 auto ads during the event. The Super Bowl is a very high exposure event offering the perfect opportunity for automakers to unveil their new models.
It is a very good and healthy sign coming from the automotive market as they can afford to spend millions of dollars for just a few seconds. In addition to all this, General Motors signed a partnership with NBC and they will be the only domestic car manufacturer with ad space on the NBC network and channels during the 2012 Olympics, which will be organized in London, UK.
For those of you who are curious about the outgoing prices during the Super Bowl – during the February 6th game, a spot lasting 30 seconds will cost between $2.8 million and a whopping $3 million, according to Brad Adgate who is a researcher for Horizon Media, a company based in New York that tracks advertising spending.
Up until now, Chevrolet bought five 30-second ads that will air during the Super Bowl. Chrysler also will buy some ads but final details have not been settled yet. Ford will be the only automaker that won't have any ads during the event, but they will be the only car manufacturer in the last 30 minutes of the pre-kick-off program.
Post tags: Tags: super bowl
Video: Volkswagen Super Bowl 2010 Punch Dub ad brings the violence
The Super Bowl is one of the biggest sporting events in USA, gathering millions of viewers for the great football game and even greater ads which are aired during the breaks.
One carmaker which paid big money for some ad space was Volkswagen, which featured the Punch Dub game, where anyone would playfully punch the person next to them when seeing a Volkswagen model. Originally thought of during the 1970s due to the popularity of the VW Beetle model, the game is now coming back, as the German company now has 13 models on US streets.
The ad also features cameos from famous musician Stevie Wonder and comedian Tracy Morgan. Hit the jump (pun not intended) and prepare to punch your friends the next time you see a Volkswagen car.
Post tags: Tags: ad, super bowl, Volkswagen
Video: Audi A3 TDI Super Bowl 2010 ad shows the Green Police
As we all know, yesterday the Super Bowl was held, and with the great football match came some great and very expensive ads.
One of them was dedicated to the Audi A3 TDI model, which was awarded at the LA Auto Show, at the end of the year, the 2010 Green Car of the Year.
In order to promote such a car, Audi brings forth a very sensitive issue: a special type of police enforcing "green" living and eco-friendly attitudes, even though they might be pushing it quite a few times.
Hit the jump to watch the ad and then share your thoughts below.
Post tags: Tags: ad, Audi, audi a3 tdi, audi-a3, super bowl, Video
Video: Kia Sorento Super Bowl 2010 ad evokes "The Hangover"
Another carmaker which bought ad space during last night's Super Bowl was Kia, which opted to showcase its 2011 Sorento, which is completely made in the USA.
In order to do such a thing, the ad blends in a rather interesting way last summer's "The Hangover" movie with an old marketing campaign aired for the Opel Corsa a few years ago (the one with the puppets and the "C'mon" tagline).
The result? Five toys having some fun in Vegas, thanks to the all-new Sorento. Hit the jump to watch the ad.
Post tags: Tags: 2011 kia sorento, ad, Kia, kia sorento, super bowl, Video
Video: Dodge Charger Super Bowl ad shows man's last stand
The Super Bowl took place yesterday, but besides seeing a great game between the New Orleans Saints and the Indianapolis Colts, we were also treated to quite a few great ads.
This one, dedicated to the Dodge Charger and titled: Man's Last Stand, is a very interesting one, showing that even though men aren't what they used to be (something along the lines of Neanderthals, at least according to Dodge), they can still escape thanks to the Dodge Charger.
Hit the jump to see this ad, narrated by Michael C. Hall from the Dexter TV series on Showtime.
Post tags: Tags: ad, Ads, Dodge, dodge charger, super bowl
Video: Bridgestone Super Bowl 2010 ad is … interesting
As most of you know, yesterday took place one of the biggest sporting events in the US, the Super Bowl, where millions of viewers tuned in to see the New Orleans Saints face off against the Indianapolis Colts.
But many of you also tuned in to see the great ads which are usually aired, for high sums of money, during the breaks in the game. We've rounded up almost all of the car-related ones, and we'll be posting them over the day.
First off, let's start with the Bridgestone ad, entitled Your Tires of Your Life, and, from what we can see, aims at revealing to anyone just how important these tires are. The punchline is a bit weird, and, at least for us, sparked just an awkward smile. Hit the jump and then share your thoughts about this ad.
Post tags: Tags: ad, bridgestone, super bowl, Video
Videos: Hyundai reveals its Super Bowl ads, covering Brett Favre and paint
For readers outside of North America, we need to mention that this weekend will host the 44th edition of the Super Bowl, one of the biggest sporting events of the continent, and by far one of the most watched competitions.
As such, you can bet that many companies have offered huge amounts of money to get ad space during the commercial breaks, and that they have pulled out all the stops to make their promos the most memorable ones.
Hyundai has already revealed its two Super Bowl ads. The first one covers famous NFL quarterback Brett Favre, joking about his recent carrer changes: he retired, then came back to play for the Jets, then retired and came back to play for the Minnesota Vikings, which he took all the way to the NFC championship game. You'll be thinking fine, what's that got to do with Hyundai? Well the ad shows the 50-year-old Favre in 2020, earning the MVP award and, once again, talking about retiring. Even though such a thing isn't certain to happen, Hyundai says its 10 year warranty on the Sonata will definitely be good for 10 years (at least for the powertrain).
The second one, is all about the paint process the company uses on the new Sonata sedan, and how it results in a paint job better than even the Mercedes-Benz CLS Class, which is a pretty bold statement.
Hit the jump to enjoy these two ads:
Post tags: Tags: Hyundai, super bowl, video ad
Audi spends more than $6 million on not so great Super Bowl Ad featuring Jason Statham
Last week we were very delighted to hear that, after last year's great Super Bowl ad, Audi will once again air a commercial during one of the world's most watched sports events. Not the mention that the news about Jason Statham, one of our favorite actors, will star in the ad made us even more excited about it. However, yesterday we got the chance to see a 30-seconds cut of the video, with Jason running away in a Mercedes, a BMW and a Lexus before finding the perfect getaway car, a supercharged Audi A6. Let's hope that the full 60-seconds spot will make us change our minds, because from what we've seen so far, we're really dissapointed. I mean, it's not a bad commercial, but we were expecting something a little more exciting or funny. And considering the spot cost at least $6 million (NBC is charging $100,000 a second for Super Bowl ads this year, plus production costs and Jason's payment), they'd better show us more.
Check out the 30-seconds video after the jump. (more…)
Post tags: Tags: Audi, commercial, jason statham, super bowl, Video
Audi to advertise again in the Super Bowl, this time with Jason Statham
It seems that Audi was pleased with last year's Super Bowl ad, because this year they've decided to go with another ad during one of every year's most anticipated sports events. This time, they've decided to go with an ad featuring Jason Statham (one of the coolest actors around, with movies like Crank, Snatch, Death Race), the actor who became famous after doing all sorts of stunts in a BMW 7 Series, an Audi A8 W12 and an Audi S8, in the Transporter movies (the first one was really good, but still, all three movies were fun to watch). In this year's ad Audi continues to send warnings to "old luxury", the spot featuring a high-speed journey through luxury automobiles in American history, sending the message that some things are best left in the past. The ad was created by Audi's advertising agency, San Francisco based Venables Bell & Partners and it was shot on-location in Los Angeles.
"After an exceptional last two years, the Audi brand has experienced unprecedented growth, not just in sales, but in awareness and excitement," said Scott Keogh, chief marketing officer, Audi of America. "Every new model we introduce is making more and more consumers stand up and take notice of the single best line-up in the market. Last year's spot sent the message that Audi was truly redefining luxury. This year's spot will ensure that everyone realizes that Audi is the best choice, period."
"In addition to having had the opportunity to drive Audi models in several of my films, I drive one in my personal life, as well. I have always loved the mix of style and performance they offer," said Statham. "I am thrilled to be affiliated with a company I so believe in on the biggest stage in American television."
Post tags: Tags: ad, Audi, commercial, jason statham, super bowl, the transporter
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text:
Solid State Lithium and Lithium-Ion Batteries

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Solid State Lithium and Lithium-Ion Batteries
Dr. John Bates, Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Tue, Aug 10 2021, 11:30am
/Not%20posted
Friends of ORNL,
The FORNL Lecture for
Tuesday, August 10, 2021, will be -
Current Research and Potential Applications
The principal distinguishing feature of solid state batteries (SSB) is the electrolyte. This material allows lithium ions to move between the anode and cathode during the discharge cycle while forcing electrons to move through an external circuit to perform work. The reverse occurs on the charge cycle. One of the major advantages of a SSB is safety. Should "thermal runaway" occur because of a short between the anode and cathode, the battery will not catch on fire as will happen with liquid organic electrolytes currently in use. This is particularly important in the case of electric vehicles. Thermal runaway in mobile device batteries also can be unpleasant experiences.
A lithium-ion battery is one in which the lithium ions extracted from a cathode material such as LiCoO2 on the charge cycle are typically stored in a graphite anode. Other anode materials such as aluminum, tin and silicon have been used as well. Compared to a battery with a pure lithium metal anode, the tradeoff is a lower volumetric energy density (Wh/l) as well as a lower specific energy (Wh/kg)
A brief history of the development of intercalation cathode materials such as LiCoO2 will be presented, and a review of some of the research on thin film batteries at ORNL and other organizations will include a few of the perceived applications for powering small devices. Successful commercialization of thin film batteries encourages the view that the daunting problems facing large scale SSBs are solvable but perhaps not as soon as advertised.
Dr. John Bates
Independent Consultant for Battery Development
Dr. John Bates received a Bachelors in Chemistry, and a PhD in Physical Chemistry, both from the University of Kentucky. He has been a Research Associate at the University of Maryland, a long time Group Leader in ORNL's Solid State Division, Chief Technical Officer (CTO) with Excellatron Solid state, CTO with Thin Film Battery, Inc., and CTO with Oak Ridge Micro-Energy. He currently is a consultant for companies that have a product idea requiring a small rechargeable battery.
His areas of research have included thin-film ionic and electronic conductors and rechargeable lithium batteries, growth and properties of ceramic thin films, electrical properties of solid-solid interfaces, ion transport and dielectric properties of solid ionic conductors, Raman and infrared spectroscopy of radiation-induced defects in solids, molecular and inorganic crystals, matrix isolated species, and molten salts.
He is a UT Battelle Distinguished Inventor, recipient of the Electrochemical Society Battery Research Award, an R&D 100 Award (Thin-Film Battery), Lockheed-Martin Energy Systems Inventor of the Year, Department of Energy Division of Materials Sciences Award, and Fellow of the American Physical Society. He holds twenty-six patents on thin film batteries and materials
The meeting will be remote via Zoom!
Meeting Agenda:
Lunch on your own at home. 😊.
You may sign into Zoom and see/talk to your colleagues prior to the beginning of the meeting.
Meeting begins.
End of presentation and questions.