A unique French commander, Jacques-Jean Honoré, is added to the game. He has improved Expert Marksman and Adrenaline Rush skills.
Expert Marksman: +3 deg/s (instead of 2.5 deg/s) to traverse speed of guns with a caliber of up to 139 mm; +1 deg/s (instead of 0.7 deg/s) to traverse speed of guns with a caliber above 139 mm.
Adrenaline Rush: -0.25% (instead of -0.2%) to reload time of all types of armament for each 1% of HP lost.
Saw that. Looks pretty cool.
Seems like a good battleship captain to me.
Any word on how this unique commander will be acquired or is that TBD?
Running out of gimmicks for ships so now they are moving on to Captains ?
Nice. Well guess the French BB arc is confirmed then.
Also @Chobittsu check it out!
Running out of gimmicks there, too. If this holds to be true, then 3 of the 4 uniques will share the EM upgraded skill. I don't recall if Yammy's skills include the upgraded EM.
I could say I already have a 19 point French Admiral, but then I remembered he's for my Henry the 4th.
Yeah my HIV commander is 19 points and just got a second 19 point commander in anticipation for the new line. LOL well I guess I will have a spare after I get Jacques-Jean Honoré.
I like the looks of this better than Jack Dunkirk, he's hard to make full use of and that make stuff feel like a waste.
Dunkirk will be better when British DDs show.
The temptation is to use him on a Cruiser since you can take all of his traits but you should use him on Battleships because Expert Marksman is incredibly helpful on RN BBs.
He's great in the RN CL's, and in Gallant, pretty useful in keeping Camptownladiessingthissongdoodadooda alive longer, as well.
The temptation to use him that way is also what he's actually meant for, so, no.
Funny, this is not a historical trait of the French Navy. In the 19th and early 20th century the Royal Navy gauged their gunnery in terms of how much faster reoading time was and how their greater ROF was more accurate then the French or any other Navy. The French and their Army were lauded for their very high and accurate ROF thanks in part to the 75mm mle 1897 during the first World War.
The smoke trait is no longer that important since the change to smoke puffs and the turret traverse is wasted on high tier CLs. That leaves an extra +5% to consumables which is great but not game changing.
He is a perfect Belfast captain, which is where I had him, but since Belfast requires IFHE you can't use him on any other ship which is a huge waste. Or you could spec him for a BB and use him on Conqueror, Nelson, Hood and Warspite and Duke of York.The faster turret traverse on those ships is amazing.
Très hâte de pouvoir l'utliser sur l'un de mes navires Français!
Ja, und Ich werde Ihn ermorden, ja sehr gern!!! Immer gut Spass!
Yes, and I will so gladly murder him!!! All in good fun!
+1 best post of the day! Good sport!
I keep Jack on my Brit cruisers. While some of his special skills have no use on BBs, many of the must take skills translate pretty good between Brit BBs and CLs so he works pretty well on their premium BBs.
In the grand scheme of things, it's not much better than regular AR, but AR is pretty much a must have skill for BBs so it's still a benefit.
Thought there was a reverse speed modifier.
I decided to keep the Fiji because it was good fun. Jack Dunkirk was excellent for that ship; the faster turrets help track DDs (only Minotaur doesn't need the EM skill), I added smoke screen expert to make massive puffs which, at the time, meant higher survival whilst slowing down when there was only 2 puffs, and faster consumables are great because smoke = life.
He is perfect for that ship.


Protect the iPad mini in a stylish and smart way with all new Apple iPad mini ME710ZM/A smart case. Sleek and lightweight, it protects the iPad mini from the front and rear. Made of aniline-dyed leather, iPad mini smart case black is soft and smooth. It has a microfiber lining that keeps the display clean and clear.


text:
Gulla Ram and Group
By Shuchi RoyAugust 2, 2018Rajasthan
BHARATKUMARPUNAR.COM
SAILING THROUGH 'SAMSARA IN THE LIFEBOAT OF'SATSANG'
The glory and power of Satsanga, is fathomless. It rejuvenates the heart, mind and soul with immense positivity. There is an abundance of 'Bhajan Mandalis' in Rajasthan, with each group exhibiting its flair and uniqueness with a different style. Likewise, there is a legion of folk deities in the region too. Worshipping any of them results in reaching out to the same cause, to enlighten human beings and lead them to the path of devotion.
Gulla Ram and his group of six other fellow musicians are no less than the perfect blend of sincerity, discipline and dedication. Their group's forte is to perform spiritual and devotional hymns or 'bhajans'. Gulla Ram is settled in a small hamlet in Bishala village, near Barmer, Rajasthan. He and his group members hail from the Meghwal community of Rajasthan. A renowned clan, they claim to have descended from Rishi Megh, a sage who is known to have the potential to bring rain from the dark clouds with the help of his prayers. The word Meghwar is derived from the Sanskrit words 'megh', meaning clouds and rain, and 'war', meaning a group, son and child. Literally, then, the words Meghwal and Meghwar refer to the people who belong to 'Meghwar' lineage.
Gulla Ram and his family members earn their bread primarily through farming, and some minor labour work at the time of off-season. Performing 'bhajans' at Jamma-jagrans is not a very lucrative option for Gulla Ram's group, as there are no standardized rates for their performances anywhere. Despite immense talent, they have never got an opportunity to perform outside of Barmer. But their unexplored virtuosity still manifests itself in the form of their passion for music. Each member in Gulla Ram's group feels that devotion is very important in life. 'Satsanga bhaav' empowers one to get rid of all the troubles in life. The vedas even state that one can break the vicious circle of life and death, and attain Nirvana if one is engrossed in devotion while treading the path to seek Absolute Truth.
The most laborious person from the group is Gulla Ram's grandson, Bharat. Devotional music is deeply embedded in their family tradition. Bharat inherited this art from his father, who, according to his community was an exceptionally talented musician. But unfortunately, he passed away two years ago. His father's demise was a turning point in his life. He realized how important it is for musicians to record and document their art. For instance, the old folk songs and hymns tend to alter with time as they are not present anywhere in written format. This can have dire consequences and can be disrespectful to the creator of the song. For an artist, recording is a memoir of his original creations, an evidence of his hard work, an account of his passion for music.
Bharat firmly believes that there ought to be balanced in life. He fully acknowledges the role of education in one's life. He himself as a child used to commit two hours daily to his studies and two hours to his musical training. He is making his own children follow the same set of values in their lives. He wants artists to be educated so that they are aware of their rights and are well acquainted with their art and it's origins.
Gulla Ram gets disheartened to see deserving artists unemployed. Just for the sake of money, talented musicians have to take up other jobs to avoid financial instability, and they tend to forget the real purpose of their music. He is fully aware of how desperately musicians like him need a bigger platform to share their music.
The gist of the hymns is to learn wisdom from the saints. They are our saviours. One should follow their advice, and thereby one shall be guided to his destined goal. We can relate to the unnecessary activities as wanderings in the desert of Samsara. There are a few oases in this desert and they are the saints. One ought to drink deep from them and proceed to the source, the original home, which is the Absolute Truth. Once the ship is steered fearlessly in the ocean of Samsara, one can transcend to the other shore of immortal life.
© 2021 Anahad Foundation.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A short account of the life of Italian anarchist Andrea Salsedo, who was killed in 1920 by a "fall" from a police station window in New York.
The November 5, 1927 (Vol. IX, No. 44, Whole No. 568) issue of the Industrial Worker, the newspaper of the revolutionary union, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW).
The October 29, 1927 (Vol. IX, No. 43, Whole No. 567) issue of the Industrial Worker, the newspaper of the revolutionary union, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW).
The September 24, 1927 (Vol. IX, No. 38, Whole No. 562) issue of the Industrial Worker, the newspaper of the revolutionary union, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW).
The Vol. 3, No. 3 (August 1944) issue of Why?, an anarchist publication produced out of New York City from 1942-1947.
The Vol. 1, No. 5 (August-September 1942) issue of Why?, an anarchist publication produced out of New York City from 1942-1947.
The Vol. 6, No. 4 (August 1947) of Resistance, an anarchist publication produced out of New York.
The October 2008 issue of the Industrial Worker, the newspaper of the revolutionary union, the Industrial Workers of the World (IWW).
The November 1924 issue of The Road to Freedom, an anarchist newspaper published out of New Jersey and New York from 1924-1932.


Circumaural headphones are sort of helping hands for audio enthusiasts. How? They are a source to explore itsy-bitsy details of your audio. If you are an audiophile, then the term circumaural would not be new to you. However, the layman may find it hard to understand these varieties of headphones. Though by name these headphones appear hard to understand, actually they are not.
Like many other types of headphones, they are one of them. What makes them different? It is their structural appearance and the way they deliver sound output.
How can you use these types of earphones? How are they different from other types? What are the few best circumaural headphones available on the market?
You will get to read the answerto all these questions in this post. Moreover, the reviews of best circumaural headphones will let you know a lot about their major aspects.
Continue reading to explore crucial details about this significant component of a studio.
The word "circum" means around, and the term "aural" refers to ear. Thus, Circumaural Headphones are those that surround the outside part of your ears completely. They come with large cups that reside speakers inside them.
These giant cups enclose your ears completely. Because, of their large size, they are also sometimes termed as full-size headphones. They literally hide your ear region and seal them. Consequently, you will obtain a great deal of isolation that will block all surrounding noise.
The design that assists in attaining this isolation is their large earpads. They are either circular or ellipsoid and manufactured using high-density foams. These pads serve as a barrier for outside noise by absorbing all unnecessary sound waves.
What's the result of this design? It is the noticeable minor sound details with strong bass, treble, and ability to hold highest sound level effortlessly. Moreover, almost zero to none sound leakage and noise canceling abilities are few of circumaural headphones' traits.
With all these benefits, there are a few things worth revealing about these headphones as well. As we have already mentioned they come with large earpads/earcups. This thing and few other additional features make them considerably large in size and heavyweight.
Consequently, they are very hard to carry around everywhere. With lack of portability, they might be heavy on your budget as well.
How To Wear Circumaural Headphones?
These circumaural headphones come with a band and two earcups. The band sits on the top of the head, while earcups stay over your ear. However, they don't only sit on your ears but covers the ear cartilages completely. Therefore, the ear cupping prevents any sound leakage.
In order to get the maximum benefits of these headphones, you should wear them properly. They won't be able to do all their functions properly if they are are not fixed on their required place.
Good quality circumaural noise canceling headphones contain comfortable materials on their earpads. It can either be velvet or leather. Thus, it would feel pillowy on your ears and head rather chewing your head in between.
However, you should remember the fact that circumaural headphones normally come in closed-back style. It is because they are supposed to stop external noise from distorting the audio quality. In the result, this design might produce sweat because of lack of air circulation.
Additionally, they might feel bulkier because of their complicated size. It is, therefore, possible to feel tired soon by wearing them for a long time. Therefore, it is important to wear them carefully. You should take rest for short intervals if you are listening to an audio by circumaural for the prolonged time period.
Doesn't enclose ears. Rather just sits on them.
These headphones are large in size. They fully cover the users' ears and provide isolation from the surrounding world by blocking external sound. These types of headphones are particularly used in achieving noise cancellation attributes. Professionals and audiophiles usually prefer this headphone type.
Supra-aural headphones are small and lightweight. They sit on the ears instead of fully covering it. These headphones allow air circulation. They are also portable because of their adequate size. They do not block external sound. Thus, they are used for the casual purpose. They are also suitable for places where you cannot ignore outside noise.
If we compare headphones circumaural and supra-aural, we can see they both are suitable for the completely different scenario.
The circumaural headphones are capable of jamming outside noise. It also gives outstanding bass, treble, and volume levels. It provides zero sound leakage. You can notice minor sound details with this headphone type.
All these traits make it capable of being the best headphone for studio use. It is also highly suitable for audiophile, professionals or audio enthusiast.
On the other hand, supra-aural headphones are capable of giving transparency to outside noise. They allow air to circulate between your headphones. However, it might not be able to provide trivial sound details, yet delivers good sound quality.
These traits make it suitable for casual use. In all those situations where you cannot ignore surrounding voices, supra-aural is the solution.
Regarding appearance, they both have a headband. However, the major difference exists in their size and weight. Circumaural are significantly larger in size and higher.
It is because of their complex functioning and feature of enclosing the ears. They have to cup your ears. Thus, they have cup-shaped earpads. Supra-aural headphones are lightweight and relatively simple. It is because of their functioning of allowing air circulation and portability feature.
It covers the listener's ear with their dense circular/ellipsoid earpads and prevents sound leaking while giving noise cancellation effects.
This comes with large earpads that reside over the ears instead of just resting on them. It protects sound from leaking.
They are bulkier and large in size.
Circumaural headphones: this term refers to something that stays around the ear. It covers the entire ear to prevent sound leakage while giving noise cancellation properties. It is because of this reason; such earpads are also used in noise cancellation headphones.
Over-ear headphones: as their name says, these headphones stay over your ear. It covers the ears completely and provides significant isolation. They either come in open-back or closed-back design.
Literally speaking, both circumaural and over ear headphones fall under the same category. We can declare them as the part of full-size headphone's category. They both are large and heavy in weight. They both serve the same purpose i-e to stop outside noise from disturbing you while preventing sound leakage.
This RS175 Circumaural headphone is a premium quality Sennheiser Headphones. It provides very clear audio quality. Thus, even people with a slight hearing problem can listen to it. It comes with a number of attributes that make it highly suitable especially for your home theatre.
The headphone uses radio frequency technology for its wireless connectivity instead of Bluetooth. It gives very quick connectivity. It doesn't create sync problems as well. Regarding range, you can enjoy its connectivity at the distance of almost 122 feet. However, you should be at the line of sight from the source.
It delivers good treble and bass effects. Consequently, it gives very exciting outcomes to your movies. However, there are options to turn them off as well.
It comes with rechargeable AAA batteries with a good battery life. Thus, you can enjoy a full day of bombastic music without charging it even for once.
As these Sennheiser headphones have a closed-back design, they deliver significant isolation. You can even use them for average critical listening of your audios.
The design of RS 175 is durable and ergonomic. Its foam padding for earcups is very comfortable to wear. It further contains some padding for you head region. Moreover, it contains few main controls on earcups for easy access.
Is very comfortable to wear.
Cables are not of good quality.
This Sennheiser HD 280 Pro is the newer version of previous HD 280. It contains almost the same features as the previous version. However, the difference is all of them now came in improved form.
It has a durable construction. Though it contains plastic, yet it is a durable material with sleek looks. Thus, you can expect it performing well even after a few serious drops.
Their design is bulkier yet comfortable that makes it suitable for the studio. The good thing is this pair of headphones is foldable. Thus, you can pack them to carry in your laptop bag easily.
HD 280 Pro is capable of providing deep bass, well-balanced treble, and amazing mid-ranges. It is further good for critical listening. It gives pretty good isolation with very little to no sound leakage.
Moreover, as HD 280 Pro comes with wired connectivity, it offers zero latency. Due to this trait, we can mark it as one of the best circumaural gaming headphones.
You can fold it to carry it easily.
You can customize its parts according to your requirements.
These HD 600 Circumaural Headphones are very popular headsets for its remarkable sound quality. It contains plastic as its construction material. Still, it is durable and doesn't feel cheap at all.
Its design is relatively conventional yet comfortable. Additionally, as it is open-back headphones, you can expect an adequate amount of air circulation. It means you can carry out some long critical listening sessions using these headphones.
Regarding sound quality, this piece is versatile. It can go well on a variety of music types by providing amazing neutral treble, clear midrange, and consistent basis. However, it possesses somehow low sub-bass.
Because of its open-back design, it delivers spacious soundstage. This thing makes it suitable for critical listening. It comes with wired connectivity. However, it would not produce noise while touching it.
It doesn't make your ear hot.
Leaks sound and doesn't give isolation.
The band quality is not very good.
These Focal Clear Open Circumaural Headphones are high-profile headsets that come with a modern appearance. With its grey and black combination, it stands among other headphones with the great aesthetic appeal.
It contains M-shaped, full range driver of 40 mm, and an inverted dome. The driver contains magnesium/aluminum alloy. It is capable of providing frequencies beyond our hearing frequencies. Thus, these headphones give a remarkable response to the whole range.
Regarding sound output, it provides spacious soundscape because of its open-back design. It delivers clear and distortion free sound. You can also expect an exceptional mid range from this headset. It also gives outstanding transient response and bass. It further comes with an impedance of 55 Ohms with 104dB sensitivity. These attributes make them able to use them with almost any smartphone. Your gadget's quality won't affect its output.
They are very comfortable to wear and give a nice fit. It contains aluminum yoke along with asymmetrical attachment point. These features assist in providing comfort along with suitable fit for each head size.
It further contains microfiber, leather, and memory foam material. They cushion your head and ears to provide soothing feel. It doesn't make your ears sweat.
Comes in a beautiful case.
Is lightweight and doesn't create pressure.
You cannot fold them up for portability.
The grey fabric of headphones might appear dirty after prolonged use.
Do you want to go astray in your dream world? Bring a pair of circumaural headphones pair for yourself. Which one to choose? You already have reviews of few top circumaural headsets. We hope going through them would have informed you a lot about these headphones.
Circumaural literally enclose your ears to make you hear only the sound output it provides. It also prevents sound leakage and gives comfortable wear. These things make you able to critically analyze your sound output by them, and that's what professionals do. This is the reason we can call these pair of headphones as a helping hand for these experts.


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John Doubleday (* 1947 in Langford bei Maldon, Essex) ist ein britischer Maler und Bildhauer.

Leben
John Doubleday studierte Bildhauerei am Goldsmiths College. Seit seiner ersten Einzelausstellung in der Waterhouse and Dodd Gallery, London im Jahr 1968 ist er ein vielbeschäftigter Künstler.

Werke
Seine heiteren Skulpturen moderner und historischer Zeitgenossen sowie literarischer Figuren finden sich zum Teil in mehreren Abgüssen auf öffentlichen Plätzen. Sein originellstes Werk, ein rauchender Sherlock Holmes, wurde auch in Meiringen beim Reichenbachfall aufgestellt. Hier konnte in den Romanen von Arthur Conan Doyle Sherlock Holmes seinen Gegenspieler Professor Moriarty endgültig besiegen.

 HRH Prinz Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
 Golda Meir
 Charlie Chaplin am Leicester Square, London und in Vevey, Schweiz
 Dylan Thomas, Maritime Quarter, Swansea
 The Beatles in Liverpool
 Sir Laurence Olivier
 Sherlock Holmes in London
 Sherlock Holmes in Meiringen, Schweiz
 Gerald Durrell im Zoo von Jersey
 Nelson Mandela in Südafrika
 Büste Arthur Mourant

Galerie

Weblinks

Bildhauer (Vereinigtes Königreich)
Brite
Geboren 1947
Mann

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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The 25 Most Gorgeous Royal Wedding Tiara Moments of All Time
From Duchess Kate's Cartier look to Princess Margaret's iconic topper.
Today, Lady Gabriella Windsor married her fiancé Thomas Kingston and got to partake in one of the greatest perks of being a royal: wearing a tiara. In honor of the occasion, take a look back at 25 of the most gorgeous royal wedding tiaras of all time.
Lady Gabriella Windsor
Wedding Date: May 18, 2019
Wedding tiara: Gabriella chose a Russian fringe style diamond tiara, often called the Kent City of London Fringe tiara, to complete her wedding day look.
Wedding date: October 12, 2018
Wedding tiara: Eugenie wore the Greville Emerald Kokoshnik tiara on her wedding day, which was lent to her by her grandmother, Queen Elizabeth. The tiara was created in 1919 by Boucheron for Margaret Greville, a British society fixture and philanthropist. When Greville died in 1942, she bequeathed the tiara to the Queen's mother. The gorgeous central emerald on the tiara is a whopping 93.7 carats in size.
Wedding tiara: Meghan wore the stunning Queen Mary's bandeau tiara for her wedding day. The Queen Mary's bandeau tiara belonged to the Queen's grandmother, Queen Mary. The center stone is a brooch featuring 10 diamonds that were gifted to Mary of Teck in 1893. In 1932, the diamond and platinum bandeau tiara was made to accommodate the brooch. The tiara was bequeathed to Elizabeth when Queen Mary died in 1953. Meghan reportedly picked out the tiara for her wedding day with Queen Elizabeth at Buckingham Palace.
Zara Tindall
Wedding date: July 30, 2011
Wedding tiara: Zara wore a Greek key-patterned tiara. The diadem, which is in Princess Anne's collection and is one of her favorites, once belonged to Prince Philip's mother, Princess Andrew of Greece. It's often called Princess Andrew's Meander Tiara.
Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge
Wedding date: April 29, 2011
Wedding tiara: Kate wore the Cartier Halo Tiara, also called the Cartier Scroll Tiara, for her wedding to Prince William in 2011. It was loaned to the Duchess by Queen Elizabeth II. The tiara was purchased by Elizabeth's father, King George VI, for his wife, the Queen Mother, in 1936. The Queen Mother then gave the gorgeous tiara to Elizabeth on her 18th birthday.
Autumn Kelly
Wedding tiara: Autumn married Peter Phillips, Princess Anne's son, wearing the Festoon tiara, which was given to Anne in 1973 by the World Wide Shipping Group. Anne wears the delicate diamond tiara often, and lent it to her new daughter-in-law on her wedding day.
Lady Rose Gilman
Wedding tiara: Lady Rose wore the Iveagh Tiara on her wedding day. The tiara was given to Queen Mary as a wedding gift from Lord and Lady Iveagh, also known as Edward and Adelaide Guinness, and it was eventually passed on to Lady Rose's mother, Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester.
Laura Lopes
Wedding date: May 6, 2006
Wedding tiara: Laura Lopes, the daughter of Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall and her first husband Andrew Parker Bowles, wore a family heirloom, the Cubitt-Shand tiara, on her wedding day. The tiara once belonged to Camilla's grandmother, Sonia Cubitt, and later to Camilla's mother, Rosalind Shand. The floral tiara was also worn by Camilla at her first wedding to Andrew back in 1973.
Claire Windsor, Countess of Ulster
Wedding date: June 22, 2002
Wedding tiara: While little information about Claire Windsor's wedding jewelry is known to the public, the all-diamond diadem is believed to be one of the six tiaras owned by the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester, Claire's in-laws.
Sophie, Countess of Wessex
Wedding tiara: Sophie married Prince Edward, Queen Elizabeth's youngest son, in an intimate royal wedding at Windsor Castle in 1999. Sophie's diamond tiara was a gift from the Queen. It was remodeled for Sophie by the crown jeweler, and was created out of four pieces of a crown that once belonged to Queen Victoria, according to the Knot.
Lady Sarah Chatto
Wedding tiara: Princess Margaret's daughter wore the Snowdon Floral Tiara on her wedding day. The tiara is comprised of three diamond floral brooches Antony Armstrong-Jones gave to Princess Margaret as wedding presents in 1960. Margaret wore the brooches on their own, but they weren't turned into a diadem until Sarah's wedding in 1994.
Serena Armstrong-Jones, Countess of Snowdon
Wedding date: October 8, 1993
Wedding tiara: Serena married David Armstrong-Jones, the son of Princess Margaret and Antony Armstrong-Jones, wearing the Lotus Flower Tiara that belonged to Margaret. The diamond and pearl tiara was given to Princess Margaret by her mother in 1959.
Lady Helen Taylor
Wedding tiara: Taylor, the daughter of the Duke and Duchess of Kent, chose the Kent Diamond and Pearl Fringe Tiara for her wedding day. Her mother Katharine also wore the gorgeous tiara to her wedding. That tiara is believe to be a modified version of a bandeau tiara that once belonged to Queen Mary, the Order of Splendor reports.
Sarah, Duchess of York
Wedding tiara: Sarah wore a diamond and platinum tiara for her wedding to Prince Andrew, the Queen's second son. The tiara, which is often called the York Diamond Tiara, was purchased by the Queen and Duke of Edinburgh from Garrard. It is part of a necklace, earring, and bracelet set given to Sarah by the Queen and Prince Philip as a wedding gift.
Wedding tiara: Princess Diana wore her family tiara, the Spencer tiara, when she married Prince Charles. A combination of many pieces of jewelry, the center of the tiara was a gift from Lady Sarah Spencer to Cynthia Spencer, Countess Spencer on her wedding day in 1919. It was remounted with new elements made by Garrard in 1937. Diana's sisters, Lady Sarah and Jane, also wore the tiara on their wedding days, as did Victoria Lockwood, who married Diana's brother Charles in 1989, People reports.
Princess Michael of Kent
Wedding tiara: Princess Michael, also known as Marie Christine, only wore a tiara to a ball held after her wedding, not at her actual marriage ceremony. She chose the Kent City of London Fringe tiara for the celebration, a piece which was originally given to Princess Michael's mother-in-law, Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent by the City of London on her wedding day in 1934. The tiara was left to her husband, Prince Michael, when Princess Marina died in 1968. It was also worn by Princess Alexandra of Kent and by Princess Michael's daughter, Gabriella Windsor, on their wedding days.
Wedding date: November 14, 1973
Wedding tiara: Queen Elizabeth's only daughter chose a particularly meaningful tiara for her wedding to Mark Phillips: Queen Mary's Russian Fringe tiara, which the Queen also wore on her wedding day. The tiara contains 47 diamond bars along with smaller diamond spikes and was made by Garrard.
Birgitte, Duchess of Gloucester
Wedding date: July 8, 1972
Wedding tiara: Interestingly enough, Brigitte didn't wear a jeweled tiara on her wedding day to Prince Richard of Gloucester. Instead, she wore a crown of flowers in her hair to secure her veil.
Wedding tiara: Princess Alexandra of Kent wore the Kent City of London Fringe tiara on her wedding day, which she borrowed from her mother Princess Marina. The stunning tiara was given to Marina, on her wedding day in 1934.
Katharine, Duchess of Kent
Wedding date: June 8, 1961
Wedding tiara; Katharine, Duchess of Kent wore the Kent Diamond and Pearl Fringe Tiara when she married Prince Edward, Duke of Kent. The tiara had been given to her by her mother-in-law, Princess Marina, and she wore it often.
Wedding tiara: Margaret wore the Poltimore Tiara on her wedding day, which was purchased as Margaret's engagement to Antony Armstrong-Jones was announced. Garrard created the tiara in the 1870s for Lady Florence Poltimore. Sadly, the gorgeous piece was sold after Margaret's death at auction in 2006.
Wedding tiara: Queen Elizabeth wore Queen Mary's Russian Fringe tiara on her wedding day. The piece of jewelry was made for Queen Mary, the grandmother of Queen Elizabeth, in 1919 and can be worn as a necklace or atop the head. Elizabeth's tiara famously broke on her wedding day, but was quickly repaired.
Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester
Wedding tiara: Alice didn't actually wear a tiara to her royal wedding to Prince Henry, Duke of Gloucester. Instead, she wore a crystal headdress that attached to her tulle veil. The wedding was an unexpectedly somber occasion because Alice's father died only weeks before the ceremony.
Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent
Wedding tiara: Princess Marina was given this diamond fringe tiara by the City of London on her wedding day, when she married Prince George, Duke of Kent. The tiara has since earned the name Kent City of London Fringe Tiara, and has also been worn by Marina's daughter, Alexandra, and daughter-in-law Marie-Christine on their wedding days.
Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother
Wedding tiara: For her bridal portraits, Queen Elizabeth's mother wore the Strathmore tiara, which was a wedding gift from her father, the Earl of Strathmore. The tiara likely dates back to the late nineteenth century, and it features a garland of roses set with rose-cut diamonds.
Photos of the Royal Ascot Throughout History
Queen Elizabeth II's Most Glamorous Jewels and Tiaras
Tiara Etiquette: Everything You Ever Wanted to Know About Who Can Wear One—and Who Can't
Predicting Meghan Markle's Wedding Tiara
The Tiara Meghan Markle Might Wear for Her Wedding
Kate Middleton's Most Iconic Tiara Moments
Meghan Markle's Wedding Tiara is a Royal Heirloom


text:
Colum Eastwood: 'Even Charlie Haughey would have called this 'GUBU'
"We should not lose sight of what is at stake here," SDLP leader Colum Eastwood said
20 August, 2016 01:00
Nama: DUP appear happy to put a lid on the Daithí McKay affair
Protecting the shiny new DUP-Sinn Féin working relationship
Ó Muilleoir told to stand aside until Bryson probe concludes
SDLP leader Colum Eastwood (centre) speaking to the media in Great Hall of Parliament Buildings
In the north we are used to a different type of summer crisis. They usually involve parades, flags and at worst violence on our streets. The crisis which hit the headlines of this newspaper on Thursday is not of that variety. It is not part of our old familiar. It would be foolish though to imagine that it is any less serious.
We should not lose sight of what is at stake here. This is big stuff involving big money and big business. Despite appearances, the crux of this crisis goes way beyond egotistical eejits like Jamie Bryson.
This is instead a crisis involving a £1.3 billion deal. Nama's Project Eagle was the single biggest property sale in Irish history. It has led to the buying and selling of properties and land across the north. There isn't a builder or a property owner here who hasn't been affected, directly or indirectly. It is a deal which continues to shape today's property market.
It is that deal which has fallen under serious suspicion. It has been alleged that this biggest of sales was the subject of a massive corruption involving senior political figures. That is one of the most significant and serious allegations ever to have been made against political life here.
The investigation by Stormont's Finance Committee was the democratic method through which to investigate that most serious of allegations. Such is its seriousness that there have also been calls in Dáil Éireann, including by Gerry Adams, for a Commission of Investigation to establish the truth behind the accusations against this mammoth property deal.
Read the correspondence
That is why the revelations uncovered by The Irish News are so severe and so stark – members of Sinn Féin participated in the corruption of the democratic investigation into the alleged corruption at the heart of Project Eagle. Whilst calling for a full and open investigation in public, they were undermining that very same investigation through the virtual privacy of Twitter. You couldn't make it up. Even Charlie Haughey would have described this as a Gubu moment.
Amongst the confusion of this crisis, one certainty remains. Sinn Féin's interference in that democratic investigation has only served the purposes of those who are alleged to have corruptly benefited from the Project Eagle deal in the first place.
No matter how hard they might try, there is no getting away from this for Sinn Féin. Offering up Daithí McKay as a sacrificial lamb will not suffice. The party has more questions to answer.
Many of those questions now lead to the current Finance Minister Máirtín Ó Muilleoir. Given his newly elevated role, Mr O'Muilleor has a particular responsibility to remove doubt as to his own involvement in events which led to this crisis. He was a member of the committee which questioned Jamie Bryson. What tactics did he work out with his fellow party member and committee chair Daithí McKay before the choreographed appearance of Jamie Bryson? Was Mr O'Muilleoir also in contact with Thomas O'Hara during the Finance Committee hearings? If so, will he now publish all his communication and correspondence relating to the committee's hearing into Project Eagle?
The lasting effect of the Nama scandal has been to undermine confidence in the north's business environment. If a deal on the scale of Project Eagle was vulnerable to corruption, then we must ask what else could have been going on?
Read full Nama coverage
In order to retain the confidence of the north's business community and maintain the integrity of the office he now holds, Mr O'Muilleoir must transparently show that he had no hand, act or part in the corruption and undermining of the Finance Committee's investigation. The north cannot afford to have a finance minister who is in any way perceived to be weak on corruption.
Until all of these steps are taken, this summer crisis won't go away. It can't, there are still too many questions yet to be answered.
20 August, 2016 01:00 News


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BYD Wins the Largest Pure-Electric Bus Order outside of China
Brand wins bid for 1,002 units in Bogotá, Colombia, beating diesel and gas bus technologies
Bogotá, Colombia - BYD is proud to announce that it has exclusively won cumulative orders to supply 1,002-unit pure-electric buses to the capital of Colombia, Bogotá. This tender was open to all bus technologies, yet BYD won the trust and cooperation of its partners in the fiercely competitive bidding process thanks to its cutting-edge technologies, products and services. This is the largest order for pure-electric buses outside of China to date, which sets a new record in sales volume for the overseas pure-electric bus industry.
Bogotá City Public Transport Authority (TRANSMILENIO S.A.) launched a public commercial tender covering diesel, CNG and electric technologies for 1,295 buses in August. Three of BYD's global strategic partners finally adopted BYD's integrated electric bus solutions for their bids and successfully won the tender, totally 1,002 pure electric buses. BYD will partner with local bus manufacturers Superpolo and BUSSCAR respectively on the bus body parts.
This batch of buses is scheduled to be delivered during 2021 and into the first half of 2022, and will be put into operation on 34 bus routes across five regions of the capital, providing residents along the routes with quiet, safe and emissions-free travel services.
Like the 470 bus models delivered by BYD to Bogotá in December 2020, this batch of 1002 buses also includes 9-meter and 12-meter models
With highly-recognized technology, products and services, this 'thousand-unit' order opens up a new era
In this competition covering all bus technologies, BYD, relying on its strong capability with core strengths, has won exclusive orders for 1,002 pure electric buses, fully demonstrating the market's high recognition and trust in BYD's technology, products and services. So far, BYD has won 1,472 orders for pure electric buses in the Colombian capital. According to TRANSMILENIO S.A., these buses will reduce 83,433 tons of carbon dioxide and 9.63 tons of particle emissions per year compared to diesel buses meeting fifth-generation European emission standards over the 15-year concession period, which will greatly improve local air quality and enhance Colombia's overall ability to cope with climate change.
In addition to Bogotá, Colombia's capital city, BYD buses operate in Medellin, Cali and elsewhere. At present, BYD has accumulated 1,550 orders for pure electric buses in Colombia, continuously leading the push for bus electrification in Colombia and Latin America.
"This more than 1,000 buses order marks a fresh start, which will effectively promote the rapid development of green transportation in Latin America and the coming era of global bus electrification," said Stella Li, President BYD Motors. "In the move towards electrification globally, BYD will continue to make great contributions moving forward."
"Assembling the bus body parts in Colombia will not only help boost the national economy by creating skilled jobs for the local community, but also improve the quality of transportation services, cut carbon emissions, and improve the environment," said Maria Fernanda Ortiz, head of the TRANSMILENIO S.A.
"As the world's leading new energy vehicle manufacturer, BYD has overcome many difficulties resulting from the pandemic, exclusively winning this tender because of our all-round capability", said Lara Zhang, the Regional Director of BYD Latin America. "We are extremely grateful for the trust and recognition of all our strategic clients, and we are also looking forward to working with Superpolo and BUSSCAR on this exciting project."
A key player in the wave of transport electrification sweeping across Latin America
Since BYD entered the Colombian market in 2012 it has made several breakthroughs, including establishing Latin America's first pure electric taxi fleet in Bogotá in 2013, and up to date winning this 1,002-unit pure-electric bus order. BYD has a market share of over 96.5% in the Colombian electric bus market, and more impressively 99% in Bogota, the capital.
At present, the increasingly strict emission standards of various countries around the globe have undoubtedly promoted policies for greener, cleaner transport. According to a report from Bloomberg New Energy Finance (BNEF) in 2019, Colombia aims to have a "domestic new energy vehicle population of 600,000 vehicles by 2030." As the world's first new energy company to propose the "Electrified Public Transportation" strategy, BYD has become a key player in the wave of transportation electrification sweeping across Latin America. In Chile, as in Colombia, BYD has become the supplier leader for local green transportation: by the end of 2020, the brand had delivered 455 pure electric buses to Santiago, the capital of Chile, with a market share of about 56%.
Today, BYD's new energy product footprint has spread across major Latin American markets including Chile, Colombia, Brazil, Barbados, Panama, Costa Rica, Uruguay and Argentina, and is winning market acclaim for its remarkable environmental benefits and reliable quality.
About BYD
BYD Company Ltd. is one of China's largest privately-owned enterprises. Since its inception in 1995, the company quickly developed solid expertise in rechargeable batteries and became a relentless advocate of sustainable development, successfully expanding its renewable energy solutions globally with operations in over 50 countries and regions. Its creation of a Zero Emissions Energy Ecosystem – comprising affordable solar power generation, reliable energy storage, and cutting-edge electrified transportation – has made it an industry leader in the energy and transportation sectors. BYD is listed on the Hong Kong and Shenzhen Stock Exchanges. More information on the company can be found at http://www.byd.com
Contacts In Asia-Pacific: Richard Li
Pr@byd.com; tel: +86-755-8988-8888-69666
In North America: Frank Girardot
frank.girardot@byd.com; tel: +1 213 245 6503
In Europe: Penny Peng
penny.peng@byd.com; tel: +31-102070888
In Colombia: Lara Zhang
lara.zhang@byd.com; tel: +57-3188216395
Disclaimer: This article is reproduced from other media. The purpose of reprinting is to convey more information. It does not mean that this website agrees with its views and is responsible for its authenticity, and does not bear any legal responsibility. All resources on this site are collected on the Internet. The purpose of sharing is for everyone's learning and reference only. If there is copyright or intellectual property infringement, please leave us a message.
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United Way volunteers 'brighten people's day' through virtual projects during pandemic
Principal Holcombe: 'It's nice to know there's a small group… that are cheering for you even if they haven't met you yet.'
By Bradley Roberts
Note: Photos used in this story were taken prior to the COVID-19 pandemic
Marie Wood grew up volunteering with her family at local community food banks, for activities with her church youth group and for other nonprofits spread across the Greater Atlanta area.
Volunteering was something that excited her, that she was proud to be able to do—it showed her a different side of the city where she grew up.
"We went out into other communities, and that's when you start to realize not everyone in [Greater] Atlanta is as privileged as others," Wood says.
The high school senior jumped at the opportunity to join United Way of Greater Atlanta's Youth United affinity group, which is a group for high school students with a passion for serving communities that creates unique volunteer opportunities for them to make an impact.
"I thought it would be really interesting and rewarding to reach out to our community and do this," Wood, who served as a board member for Youth United, says.
Wood built "Little Free Libraries" with Youth United and attended and lead a number of other service projects at local elementary schools. She liked the connection she was able to make with a diverse group of students. But most of that took place in late 2019, she says. As we now know, the next few months would totally change what outreach at United Way looked like for the foreseeable future.
About two weeks into March 2020, the United States began shutting down restaurants, bars, gyms and schools in an attempt to stem the spread of the novel coronavirus. The infectious disease, COVID-19, has now infected millions, killed hundreds of thousands and has contributed to mass unemployment across Greater Atlanta and the United States.
Even though there are now multiple COVID-19 vaccines being distributed across Georgia, the pandemic has already greatly hampered the flow of volunteer opportunities that's become synonymous with United Way.
Volunteering in Greater Atlanta is important work, though—work that is never over. Through the week of April 18-24, we honor volunteers around the world for National Volunteer Week—people like Wood who adapted in the current climate to make sure a need was met.
Classes at Wood's school and schools across Atlanta where other Youth United board members attended went virtual for much of 2020. Wood says Youth United started immediately trying to find new ways to volunteer while adhering to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention social distancing guidelines.
They decided on an "Online Storytime" project where members of Youth United would record videos reading some of their favorite books. Since it began in March 2020, Online Storytime has become a favorite volunteer project, and has garnered support from many corporations in Atlanta.
"We liked it because we could serve kids, be a resource to families and parents and bring light to a time when it was all pretty scary," Wood says. "It was an easy way to brighten people's day."
It was an easy way to encourage students to read along or focus on their reading comprehension skills, and volunteers could provide educational resources for parents who were balancing careers while taking care of their children at home. We know that if children aren't strong readers, their opportunities are limited. We must give children the tools they need from the start to give them a chance to become strong learners.
Virtual reading projects were an important way for our volunteers to connect with these children. It helped further United Way's work to improve the well-being of children in Greater Atlanta's 13 counties—it helped us do more, together, in what was an uncertain time in our country.
"I first got connected with United Way because we align with their commitment to literacy and the [child well-being] work United Way has done the last couple of years," Mimosa Elementary School Principal Ariane Holcombe says. "But, during COVID, we've had some virtual 'read alouds.' Prior to this pandemic, United Way has helped us with some really incredible programs where they bring in different partners for half a day to provide literacy-based experiences for the students."
Holcombe's school in Roswell has about 700 students, and she says the pandemic has created a number of challenges. For example, there's a distance learning component now and teachers are dividing time with in-person students and those at home.
"As proficient as we're becoming as teachers remotely, it's not the same as being face-to-face," Holcombe says. "We're a Title I school with a large amount of second-language students, and a lot of what they acquire through language and literacy they are now missing out on."
This is where volunteers have been able to step in and bridge a gap, Holcombe says.
"They've got some really great community role models," Holcombe says. "That's key. In a community where many of my families don't have transportation, the community base is school, the grocery store and home. These volunteers come in—United Way seems to bring in the most diverse individuals— and they are seeing some amazing role models who are so encouraging and supportive.
"It's nice to know there's a small group in Roswell out there that are cheering for you even if they haven't met you yet."
Every child deserves the same support and opportunities, and every life we change will go on to change the lives of countless others.
Wood is weeks away from graduating now, and she's planning to make a final decision on college soon.
"I think a lot of my work at Youth United impacted the way I look at my major," she says. "In college, I'm looking for ways to interact with my community more and more. I'm looking for service opportunities because I believe that with personal progress comes progress as a whole."
To continue that progress in our community, we must Unite for More. Can children, families and Greater Atlanta communities count on you?
Youth United's Student Impact Awards
Nomination Deadline: Friday, May 15
Nominate a Student
The Youth United Impact Awards celebrate students making outstanding contributions to their communities through volunteerism. These students have given time, talent and energy to make a significant positive impact on children and families in Atlanta. Youth United applauds these efforts and invites YOU to nominate a deserving student!
Nominations are now open. If you know of a student who fits the criteria, please take the time to nominate them! Nominees may be students between the ages of 14 and 18, who reside in or attend school in metro Atlanta. The deadline to submit a nomination is Friday, May 15.
Nominate a student by completing this short form.
Winners will receive a $100 cash award, and recognition via Youth United social media.
For more information about the Youth United Impact Awards, please contact Claire Arnold by email at youthunited@unitedwayatlanta.org.
#WhyWednesday: Askya Alexander
For Askya Alexander, representation matters. Today, hear why Askya joined Youth United and uses her platform to pave a way for others in the Greater Atlanta to have the opportunities that she does.
Youth United (YU) is your source for high school student-centered volunteer opportunities. Led by a student board, YU offers unique and impactful service projects that improve the lives of children and families throughout Greater Atlanta. We will be introducing our newest class of Youth United Board Members at our upcoming Youth United Kick-off on Sept. 21, 2019. Learn more about the YU Kickoff event here.
#WhyWednesday: Andrew Maiorino
Today, hear from Cambridge High School student and Youth United board member Andrew Maiorino! What's Andrew's "why"? He says, "My passion is literacy, because literacy opens doors."
Hear more about why Andrew chooses to give back to his community as a Youth United board member:
United Way of Greater Atlanta's Youth United is a place for the next generation of community leaders to share ideas, take action and make an impact. Open to high school students, Youth United is student-led and focused on service. Click here to learn more about joining Youth United or submit a board application!
#WhyWednesday: Khushi Magiawala
Khushi Magiawala is passionate about improving education and mental health in Greater Atlanta. Today, hear this Alpharetta High School senior & Youth United board member share why she lives united!
What are the issues you care about? Whether it's education, health, financial stability, or homelessness, United Way of Greater Atlanta has a way to plug in and make a difference. Click here to learn more about what we do to improve community well-being across Greater Atlanta's 13 counties.
#WhyWednesday: Robyn Roberts
"All of us use the village to raise our children."
Hear Robyn Roberts, champion for children and our community, share why she's working to improve child well-being as a member of Tocqueville Women United.
Tocqueville Women United is made up of committed business and civic leaders who take action to improve the lives of children in Greater Atlanta. They join together with our Cole Women United to serve our community and further the child well-being movement in our region. To learn more about joining Tocqueville Women United, click here.
#WhyWednesday: Sanaa Edole
Sanaa Edole wants to change the world, starting with her community. Today, hear why she serves Greater Atlanta as a board member with Youth United!
United Way of Greater Atlanta's Youth United group gives high school students the opportunity to build leadership skills and take action to change their community. Youth United board members deep dive into community issues, determining how they can best make an impact. Click here to learn more about YU board membership!
#WhyWednesday: JT Williams
What's your "why" – the reason you give, advocate and volunteer in Greater Atlanta? Everyone has a story to share. Today, Youth United board member JT Williams shows us that your why doesn't have to be complicated. Sometimes it's as simple as wanting to create an equal playing field for every member of your community.
Ready to dig in and do your part to help Greater Atlanta? Whether you want to volunteer, learn about our giving opportunities, join a group or step up as a nonprofit board leader, United Way of Greater Atlanta can help you fulfill your philanthropic purpose.
#WhyWednesday: David Hsi
David Hsi, Johns Creek High School junior and Youth United board member, is taking action for the greater good. Today, hear why he's taking his community involvement to the next level with Youth United.
Interested in learning more about Youth United? A student-led service group, Youth United develops the next generation of community champions by creating new opportunities for high school students to step up as volunteers and leaders. If you know a community-minded high schooler looking to deepen their leadership skills, stay tuned — recruitment for next year's Youth United board begins soon!
#WhyWednesday: Ellie Munson
Ellie Munson knows that she won the birth lottery — and she's taking a leadership role in her community to help other children have the same opportunities she benefitted from and to improve equity in education.
What's the birth lottery? Let this Youth United of Greater Atlanta board member break it down for you.
Whether you're passionate about improving education, health, financial stability, access to housing or filling basic needs for our community, United Way of Greater Atlanta has a way for you to get involved! Ready to get started? Start by learning more about our Child Well-Being Movement, and sign up to volunteer!


This was a post I did a year or so again! But I have been working on all the fun details in my closet (Which I will post SOON) In the meantime I thought this would be fun to post again!
Phew. . . I have been working on my Master Closet in what seems like FOREVER!
I am so HAPPY to finally have it done!!! YAY!!!
Here are all the fun BEFORE and AFTER pictures!
For those of you that are interested in the paper I used… you will find it HERE!
Wallpaper Warehouse has the best prices around! Their customer service is also AMAZING. I had to exchange one of my wallpaper rolls. I was beyond impressed how they took care of me and my slight hiccup!
Here is more info about their their GREAT company! I found it very interesting!
Ok…on to the FUN STUFF!!
I walked straight into a LONG double bar of clothing! And even less appealing was the top of my shelf! It ended up becoming a place for all my random shoes and misc items!
As I gave my closet a bit more thought, I came up with the idea of opening up the middle and adding a full-length mirror to the center of the closet. So instead of walking into a dead end of clothing, it opened up the space! It made the room feel Sooo much BIGGER!!
On top of my side shelves was a lot of wasted space, so I had Brett add a few more boxes that extended to the ceiling. Notice in the AFTER pictures!
After much prep work the wallpaper began!
Here is a Sneak Peak of the closet all arranged, shoes in, clothes hung and ALL my many accessories finally in a permeant home and well organized…. Swoon!
Watch for a post of ALL the fun details coming soon!!!
I have a small wall above our stairs is love to accent with!
WOW!!! Heidi your closet turned out gorgeous! I used to wallpaper all the time. I'd use it to wallpaper some boards for the back of my bookshelves so I could change them out on a whim. I'm a gfc follower as Tracy Cotton Pickin Cute. Thanks for a chance to win.
I also liked your facebook page as Tracy Suzanne.
I have been your blog fan for a long time!
I have been a Facebook fan for a while now!
I have a laundry room that is in desperate need of some cute wallpaper... I hope I win!
& I will be using the new wallpaper for our son/daughters new closets!!!
I'd use the wallpaper in the back of the built-ins I need to redo! It would be so fun!
I would like to hang wallpaper in my sons' bedroom or the mud room, which is the most boring room in my house.
I would love to do some fun wallpaper in my office! It needs help and it needs to be original. It's a place where I work and I need to be in a bright and inspirational space to keep me happy.
I'm a fan of you!!
I follow on instagram and I want to re-wallpaper my half bath.
I'm a blog FAN of Home By Heidi I would love wallpaper my bathroom.
I found you on Pinterest and I love your work!! I am a fan of your blog.
I would love to do some fun wallpaper in my bathroom!!
I love your closet now with the beautiful paper. I am a huge blog fan.
I liked your FaceBook page & love your paper.
Ian already a fan on all 3 places. Love your hone!! I would hang in my laundry room.
I'm a Home By Heidi Instagram follower!
And of course I follow your blog and want to wallpaper every wall in my house! Haha, but I won't probably just a bathroom or closet.
I am a new follower of your blog! I have been thinking of adding a wallpaper feature wall in my daughter's bedroom. I am loving the Peek A Boo Hot Air Balloon wallpaper!
I'm a fb, IG and blog fan! I'd love to win some walll paper! I'm not sure where I'd put it yet but I would find a place!
I'm a FB, IG and blog fan! I'd love to win some wall paper! I'm not sure where I'd put it just yet but I would find a place!
New follower! Love your stuff.
I've been following your blog from the start. ;) love your style and LOVE your closet.
I follow you on Instagram as well!
We moved into a new to us home back in October and I'd love to add some fun wal paper to our entry or guest bathroom.
Already love you instagram posts! You always have such cute decorating ideas.
Following this page too :) My favorite --- The bed making one!!
I would love to redo my laundry room!!
I shared with some great friends too :) Thanks Heidi!
I would LOVE to wallpaper my bedroom!
I can't even tell you how much I love this wallpaper! It was so nice to meet you at Snap Conference this weekend! I'm nominating you for the Liebster Award! Check it out here: http://realitytodreams.com/2014/04/the-liebster-award-and-11-blogs-to-watch.html I'm excited to get to know you better.
I have been looking forward to this post! Thank you so much. It me so much inspiration to redo my closet as it is very similar to your before closet.


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Encounters at the End of the World
Brief Synopsis
Filmmaker Werner Herzog travels to the Antarctic community of McMurdo Station, on Ross Island, the headquarters for the National Science Foundation and home to eleven hundred people during the austral summer. McMurdo is a gathering place for people who want to step off the map and where everyone see
David Ainley
Samuel S Bowser
Regina Eisert
Kevin Emery
Creative Differences Productions
Distribution Company
RLJ Entertainment, Inc./ThinkFilm; Benelux Film Distributors; Revolver; Revolver Entertainment; Rlj Entertainment, Inc.; Rlj Entertainment, Inc.; Thinkfilm
Filmmaker Werner Herzog travels to the Antarctic community of McMurdo Station, on Ross Island, the headquarters for the National Science Foundation and home to eleven hundred people during the austral summer. McMurdo is a gathering place for people who want to step off the map and where everyone seem to be full-time travelers and part-time workers. Beyond the settlement, Herzog ventures from the under-ice depths of the Ross Sea to the brink of the Mount Erebus volcano. Over the course of his journey, nature in the wild shares equal time with human nature and he encounters many a colorful character along the way.
Ashrita Furman
William Jirsa
Karen Joyce
Douglas Macayeal
William Mcintosh
Olav T Oftedal
Clive Oppenheimer
David R Pacheco
Stefan Pashov
Jan Pawlowski
Scott Rowland
Libor Zicha
Joe Bini
Randall M Boyd
Jessica Dejong
Phil Fairclough
David Harding
Julian P. Hobbs
Patricia Jackson
Henry Kaiser
Michael Klinger
Tree Leyburn
Lola Mitchell
Erik Nelson
Jane Pfeister
D D Stenehjem
Peter Zeitlinger
Nominated for the 2008 Spirit Award for Best Documentary by Film Independent (FIND).
Winner of the Best Documentary Award at the 2008 Edinburgh International Film Festival.
Released in United States 2007
Released in United States December 2007
Released in United States January 2008
Released in United States June 2008
Released in United States June 27, 2008
Released in United States on Video November 18, 2008
Released in United States September 2007
Released in United States Summer June 11, 2008
Shown at Dubai International Film Festival (Destination Documentary) December 9-16, 2007.
Shown at Edinburgh International Film Festival (Document) June 18-29, 2008.
Shown at Palm Springs International Film Festival (True Stories) January 3-14, 2008.
Shown at Seattle International Film Festival (Documentary Films) May 22-June 15, 2008.
Shown at SILVERDOCS: AFI/Discovery Channel Documentary Festival June 16-23, 2008.
Shown at Telluride Film Festival August 31-September 3, 2007.
Released in United States 2007 (Shown at Telluride Film Festival August 31-September 3, 2007.)
Released in United States 2008 (Shown at Seattle International Film Festival (Documentary Films) May 22-June 15, 2008.)
Released in United States January 2008 (Shown at Palm Springs International Film Festival (True Stories) January 3-14, 2008.)
Released in United States June 2008 (Shown at Edinburgh International Film Festival (Document) June 18-29, 2008.)
Released in United States June 2008 (Shown at SILVERDOCS: AFI/Discovery Channel Documentary Festival June 16-23, 2008.)
Shown at Toronto International Film Festival (Real to Reel) September 6-15, 2007.
Released in United States September 2007 (Shown at Toronto International Film Festival (Real to Reel) September 6-15, 2007.)
Released in United States December 2007 (Shown at Dubai International Film Festival (Destination Documentary) December 9-16, 2007. )
Released in United States Summer June 11, 2008 (NY)
Released in United States June 27, 2008 (Los Angeles)


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Bio & Results
Early Voting Information
Join Team Perdue
ICYMI: Senator Perdue Welcomes Ivanka Trump To Georgia
Filed Under: Latest News, News From The Trail, Press Releases Tagged With: 2020 election, COVID19, david perdue, disaster relief, economy, Ivanka Trump
Yesterday, U.S. Senator David Perdue welcomed Ivanka Trump to Acworth, Georgia for a "fireside chat" about the historic results achieved in President Trump's first term and what's at stake in this upcoming election. Before their conversation, Ivanka Trump visited Pizza by Fuscos, an Acworth restaurant that was saved by a Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loan.
Check out some of the coverage:
vanka Trump, the president's daughter, met with Perdue for a public "conversation" Tuesday afternoon in Acworth. They touched on the president's pandemic response, economic record and plans for a "great American comeback" if he's reelected.
"We all know what's at stake Nov. 3," Trump told about 80 supporters gathered at the Cowan Historic Mill. "That's why we are fighting so hard. We will leave it on the field to make sure our president, my father, secures four more years."
Later, [Ivanka] spoke about a wide range of issues with Perdue at the historic mill. Among other things, they agreed COVID-19 is the top issue in the final weeks of the campaign. Not surprisingly, both said the president has not gotten enough credit for his actions to stem the pandemic.
Interviewed by Perdue in front of 88 attendees, [Ivanka] Trump lauded her father's policies and bills signed into law in his tenure in office, particularly those affecting the economy. She said in January, before the pandemic had arrived in the U.S., the country was experiencing record lows in unemployment among veterans, people with disabilities and those without college degrees.
Shannon Perren, an insurance broker in Cobb, enjoyed the event.
"I thought this event was very energetic," Perren said. "It inspired me to go vote and protect policies that are incredibly important to me, my employees and my family."
Joannie Jimenez, a stay-at-home mom in Norcross, said one thing she was particularly interested in was when Ivanka Trump said her father established permanent funding for historically Black colleges and universities.
"I believe everything she was saying is true," Jimenez said. "I'm excited; it was really good."
Ivanka Trump visited Acworth Tuesday for a discussion with Senator David Perdue, bringing together a crowd of more than 70 people to campaign for her father.
Another couple of dozen people were surprised when the president's daughter stopped by an Acworth pizza shop.
The owners of Pizza by Fuscos told her the PPP loan kept their doors open.
Just minutes later, nearly 100 people gathered together at this outdoor deck at the Cowan Historic Mill to listen to Senator David Perdue and Mrs. Trump's conversation.
COVID-19's hold on the country and the economy were two topics at the forefront of this discussion.
Both Senator Perdue and Mrs. Trump took the occasional jab at former Vice President Joe Biden, directly comparing the pre-COVID-19 economy to that of former President Obama's.
"For the worker and for the business owner, this was so important, as they fought back something that was no fault of their own," she said.
Read more here and watch below.
The president's daughter Ivanka Trump traveled here to Georgia today, making a couple stops in Acworth.
During her visit in downtown Acworth today, her first stop was at Pizza by Fuscos on South Main street where she greeted customers and spoke with the owners about how their small business is recovering during the pandemic. She even had a little fun making her own pizza.
And then she went over to the Cowan Historic Mill and had a one-on-one conversation with Senator David Perdue about the issues facing Georgians and our nation leading up to the election. There were about three dozen supporters on hand, all wearing masks and listening to the discussion focused on the Supreme Court nominations, the economy, criminal justice reform, the child tax credit, which Ivanka advised the president on, and of course COVID-19.
Watch more below.
11Alive Atlanta:
Today, First Daughter and presidential advisor Ivanka Trump is in our state working to galvanize his approval here. She and Republican Senator David Perdue hosted a conversation with supporters in Ackworth.
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text:
Избори за Земаљски сабор Босне и Херцеговине 1910. одржавали су се од 18. до 28. маја. Били су ово једини избори који су одржани на простору БиХ за вријеме аустроугарске власти. Директно су бирана 72 посланика. Постојале су три главне курије или изборне сталешке јединице, унутар којих се бирачко тијело даље дијелило према конфесији. Прву изборну курију су чинили велепосједници, високоопорезовани и факултетски образовани грађани, свештеници, те активни и пасивни државни службеници. У другој изборној курији било је становништво из градова: занатлије, трговци, ситна буржоазија итд. Трећа изборна курија се састојала од сеоског становништва. Првој изборној курији припадало је 18 мандата, а бирало их је 6.866 бирача. Другој је припадало 20 мандата и 4.725 бирача, а трећој 34 посланика на 347.573 бирача. Број мандата био је одређен и по конфесионалној припадности. Тако је најбројнијем православном становништву припадао 31 мандат, муслиманском 24, католичком 16 и јеврејском 1 посланички мандат.

Резултати

Највише мандата на изборима је добила Српска народна организација (31), која је освојила све мандате православног становништва, затим Муслиманска народна организација (24), којој су припали сви мандати предвиђени за муслимане, те Хрватска народна заједница (12) и Хрватска католичка удруга (4), које су подијелиле мандате за припаднике католичке конфесије.

Види још
 Босанско-херцеговачки сабор

Референце

Литература

Аустроугарска
Избори у Босни и Херцеговини
Историја Босне и Херцеговине у новом вијеку
Историја Републике Српске
1910.


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text:
'We responded too quickly,' Changes to Simcoe Muskoka Catholic virtual school on hold
Published Thursday, November 5, 2020 1:41PM EST Last Updated Thursday, November 5, 2020 8:14PM EST
BARRIE, ONT. -- After parents and students expressed concern and frustration over the proposed transition to a hybrid model for elementary schools, the Simcoe Muskoka Catholic board hit the pause button.
The decision was made Wednesday night as officials promised to review plans and determine the best way forward as it struggles to deal with what it calls unsustainable logistical issues.
Superintendent of education Kim Weishar said at a board meeting Wednesday night that the past few months have been stressful for everyone, given all the educational changes.
"It was never our intent to add to that anxiety with our decision to move to a hybrid learning model. In fact, our intent was the exact opposite," she told board trustees.
The board said the current model wasn't viable for the long run. It cited staffing insufficiencies for the nearly 3,300 remote students and hundreds of students' requests to switch their current learning method with cases of COVID-19 fluctuating as hurdles moving forward, saying the hybrid model would alleviate those challenges.
The proposed hybrid learning model would blend in-class students with virtual-learning students later this month.
But some parents were unhappy with the potential changes.
Wednesday night, with more than 100 parents and teachers protesting outside the school board's Barrie office, officials agreed to hold off on implementing the hybrid learning plan pending further consultation.
"I'm very glad they listened to the advocates themselves - the children, who were the most important voices," said parent Natalie King.
"If they implement the hybrid, you're going to have a great number of parents who are going to pull their children, which will decrease the provincial funding," she said.
King said the school board needs to seek assurances from parents committed to the remote learning model to ensure its viability and staffing certainty.
Weishar said the parent's concerns were heard.
"Since making our announcement last Wednesday, we have heard quite clearly that our decision, as well-intended as it was, has caused much frustration and anxiety. For that, I do sincerely apologize," she said.
Weishar said the school board has been working with an ever-changing landscape since schools closed in March and said, "we need a path forward that's not reactionary."
Weishar went on to say that with so much uncertainty, a plan still needs to be put into motion to provide long-term stability and prevent further disruption and stress.
"We need to be proactive. We need a plan that will take us through to June and beyond because we simply don't know how long the effects of COVID-19 are going to impact teaching and learning," she said.
The board will report to trustees on Nov. 25, with a plan to move forward with what it calls a stable and sustainable solution, which Weishar said would include keeping "some form of the virtual school in place."
With files from CTV's Mike Arsalides
Some parents and students hold a protest outside the Simcoe Muskoka Catholic school board in Barrie on Mon., Nov. 2, 2020. (Lexy Benedict/CTV News)
Arrest made in 1994 stabbing death of Barrie woman
OPP officers charged, suspended


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Абу́ Али́ Хусе́йн ибн Абдулла́х ибн аль-Ха́сан ибн Али́ ибн Си́на ( — Abū 'Alī Husein ibn 'Abdallāh ibn Sīnā), известный на Западе как Авице́нна () — средневековый персидский учёный, философ и врач, представитель восточного аристотелизма. Был придворным врачом саманидских эмиров и дейлемитских султанов, некоторое время был визирем в Хамадане. Всего написал более 450 трудов в 29 областях науки, из которых до нас дошли только 274. Самый известный и влиятельный философ-учёный средневекового исламского мира.

Его самые известные работы — это «Книга исцеления», философская и научная энциклопедия, и «Канон медицины», медицинская энциклопедия, которая стала стандартным медицинским текстом во многих средневековых университетах и использовалась до 1650 года.

Биография

Родился в семье исмаилита из Балха, переселившегося под Бухару. В действительности, точная дата рождения — как и смерти (обычно указывается или просто месяц шабан, или первая пятница месяца Рамадан 428 года по лунной хиджре) — неизвестна. Мальчик с раннего возраста проявлял исключительные способности и одарённость. Уже к десяти годам он знал наизусть почти весь Коран. Затем его отправили изучать мусульманское законоведение в школу, где он был самым младшим. Но вскоре даже самые взрослые из слушателей школы оценили ум и знания мальчика и приходили к нему советоваться, хотя Хусейну только исполнилось 12 лет. Позже он изучал логику и философию, геометрию и астрономию под руководством приехавшего в Бухару учёного Абу Абдаллаха Натили. С 14 лет юноша начал заниматься самостоятельно. И геометрия, и астрономия, и музыка ему давались легко, пока он не познакомился с «Метафизикой» Аристотеля. В автобиографии он упоминал, что несколько раз прочитал этот труд, но не смог понять его. Помогла в этом книга Аль-Фараби с комментариями к «Метафизике».

В 16 лет Ибн Сину пригласили лечить самого эмира Бухары. В автобиографии Авиценна писал: «Я занялся изучением медицины, пополняя чтение наблюдениями больных, что меня научило многим приёмам лечения, которые нельзя найти в книгах».

Абу Али ибн Сина в 997 году переехал из Бухары в Хорезм, где прожил 15 лет до 1012 года. В 997—998 гг. Бируни вел переписку с Ибн Синой по различным вопросам космогонии и физики, воплощенную в форме вопросов и ответов. В Ургенче Ибн Сина посчастливилось работать в Академии Мамуна, где уже сформировалась передовая научная элита Среднего Востока. В их числе были учёный-энциклопедист Аль-Бируни, астроном и медик Абу Сахл Иса ибн Яхья аль-Масихи, которому Ибн Сина посвятил свой труд об измерении углов. Кроме этого среди ученых были медик Абу-ль-Хайр ибн аль-Хаммар, Абу Наср ибн Ирак — племянник хорезмшаха и др. Основы двух трудов, составивших славу Ибн Сины, «Канона врачебной науки» (Ал-Канун фит-т-тибб) и «Книги исцеления» (Китаб аш-шифа) закладывались в Хорезме — в Ургенче. «Канон врачебной науки» был начат в Хорезме в 1000 г., а закончен около 1020 г. В 1012 году Ибн Сина покинул Хорезм и направился в Хорасан.

В 1015—1024 гг. Ибн Сина жил в Хамадане, сочетая научную деятельность с весьма активным участием в политических и государственных делах эмирата. За успешное лечение эмира Шамс ад-Дауля он получил должность визира, но нажил себе врагов в военных кругах. Эмир отклонил требование военных предать Ибн Сину казни, но принял решение сместить его с занимаемой должности и выслать за пределы своих владений. Через сорок дней с эмиром случился очередной приступ болезни, который заставил его отыскать учёного и вновь назначить своим министром.

После смерти эмира за попытку перейти на службу к правителю Исфахана на четыре месяца он был заточён в крепость. Последние четырнадцать лет жизни (1023—1037) служил в Исфахане при дворе эмира Ала ад-Даулы, где для него создали благоприятные условия для научной деятельности. Он был главным врачом и советником эмира, сопровождал его даже в военных походах. В течение этих лет Ибн Сина, подстёгиваемый критикой его стиля, обратился к изучению литературы и филологии. Также продолжал плодотворную научную работу. Завершил «Канон врачебной науки». Многие рукописи трудов, в том числе «Книга справедливости» («Китаб уль-инсаф») сгорели во время нападения на Исфахан газневидского войска. Во время одного из военных походов правителя Исфахана у Ибн Сины открылась тяжёлая желудочная болезнь, от которой вылечить себя он не смог. Умер Ибн Сина в июне 1037 года, перед смертью продиктовав завещание незнакомцу. В завещании он дал указание отпустить всех своих рабов, наградив их, и раздать всё своё имущество беднякам.

Похоронили Авиценну в Хамадане у городской стены, а через восемь месяцев его прах перевезли в Исфахан и перезахоронили в мавзолее эмира.

Ибн Сина был учёный, одержимый исследовательским духом и стремлением к энциклопедическому охвату всех современных отраслей знаний. Философ отличался феноменальной памятью и остротой мысли.

Наследие

Книга исцеления
Написанный на арабском энциклопедический труд «Книга исцеления» («Китаб аш-Шифа») посвящён логике, физике, биологии, психологии, геометрии, арифметике, музыке, астрономии, а также метафизике. «Книга знания» («Даниш-намэ») также является энциклопедией.

Труды по медицине

Основные медицинские произведения Ибн Сины:
 «Канон врачебной науки» (или Канон медицины, «Китаб ал-Канун фи-т-тибб») — сочинение энциклопедического характера, в котором предписания античных медиков осмыслены и переработаны в соответствии с достижениями арабской медицины. В «Каноне» Ибн Сина предположил, что заболевания могут вызываться какими-то мельчайшими существами. Он первый обратил внимание на заразность оспы, определил различие между холерой и чумой, описал проказу, отделив её от других болезней, изучил ряд других заболеваний. Существует множество переводов «Канона врачебной науки» на латинский язык. В «Каноне» две книги из пяти посвящены описанию лекарственного сырья, лекарственных средств, способам их изготовления и употребления. Из 2600 лекарственных средств, описанных в «Каноне», 1400 — растительного происхождения.
 «Лекарственные средства» («Ал-Адвият ал калбия») — написан во время первого посещения Хамадана. В произведении подробно приведены роль сердца в возникновении и проявлении пневмы, особенности диагностики и лечения заболеваний сердца.
 «Удаление вреда от разных манипуляций посредством исправлений и предупреждений ошибок» («Дафъ ал-мазорр ал куллия ан ал-абдон ал инсония би-тадорик анвоъ хато ан-тадбир»).
 «О пользе и вреде вина» («Сиёсат ал-бадан ва фазоил аш-шароб ва манофиъих ва мазорих») — самый короткий трактат Ибн Сины.
 «Поэма о медицине» («Урджуса фит-тиб»).
 «Трактат о пульсе» («Рисолайи набзийа»).
 «Мероприятия для путешественников» («Фи тадбир ал-мусофирин»).
 «Трактат о сексуальной силе» («Рисола фил-л-бох») — описаны диагностика, профилактика и лечение сексуальных нарушений.
 «Трактат о уксусомёде» («Рисола фи-с-сиканджубин») — описаны приготовление и лечебное применение различных по составу смесей уксуса и мёда.
 «Трактат о цикории» («Рисола фил-хиндабо»).
 «Кровеносные сосуды для кровопускания» («Рисола фил-урук ал-мафсуда»).
 «Рисола-йи жудия» — описывается лечение заболеваний уха, желудка, зубов. Кроме этого, в нём описаны проблемы гигиены. Некоторые исследователи оспаривают авторство Авиценны.

Оздоровительные упражнения
Ибн Сина писал в своём труде о роли и месте физических упражнений в оздоровительной и лечебной практике. Дал определение физическим упражнениям — произвольные движения, приводящие к непрерывному, глубокому дыханию.

Он утверждал, что если человек умеренно и своевременно занимается физическими упражнениями и соблюдает режим, то он не нуждается ни в лечении, ни в лекарствах. Прекратив эти занятия, он чахнет. Физические упражнения укрепляют мышцы, связки, нервы. Он советовал при занятиях учитывать возраст и здоровье. Высказывался о массаже, закаливании холодной и горячей водой.

Критика
Выдающийся средневековый врач из мусульманской Испании Ибн Зухр (Авензоар) отрицательно относился к медицинским спекуляциям и по этой причине выступил против учения Ибн Сины. Однажды некий купец из Багдада подарил ему копию «Канона врачебной науки». После прочтения Ибн Зухр осудил труд Ибн Сины и в дальнейшем использовал пустые поля книги для записи рецептов для своих пациентов.

Химия
В области химии Ибн Сина открыл процесс перегонки эфирных масел. Умел добывать соляную, серную и азотную кислоты, гидроксиды калия и натрия.

Астрономия
В астрономии Ибн Сина критиковал представления Аристотеля о том, что звёзды отражают свет от Солнца, утверждая, что звезды светятся собственным светом, однако полагал, что и планеты также светятся сами. Заявлял, что наблюдал прохождение Венеры по диску Солнца 24 мая 1032 года. Однако современные учёные сомневаются, что он мог наблюдать это прохождение в указанное время в указанном месте. Он использовал это наблюдение для обоснования того, что Венера, по крайней мере иногда, в птолемеевской космологии находится к Земле ближе, чем Солнце.

Ибн Сина написал также Компендиум Альмагеста, с комментариями на книгу Птолемея.

Находясь в Гургане, Ибн Сина написал трактат об определении долготы этого города. Ибн Сина не смог воспользоваться тем методом, которым пользовались Абу-л-Вафа и ал-Бируни, и предложил новый метод, состоящий в измерении кульминационной высоты Луны и её сравнении с высотой в Багдаде путём вычислений по правилам сферической тригонометрии.

В «Книге о способе, предпочитаемом другим способам при конструировании наблюдательного инструмента», Ибн Сина описал изобретённый им наблюдательный инструмент, который по его мнению, должен был заменить астролябию; в этом инструменте для уточнения измерений впервые применялся принцип нониуса.

Механика
Ибн Сина внёс значительный вклад в развитие теории вложенной (или запечатлённой) силы — средневековой теории движения, согласно которой причиной движения брошенных тел является некоторая сила (позднее названная импетусом), вложенная в них внешним источником. По его мнению, «двигатель» (рука человека, тетива лука, праща и т. п.) сообщает движущемуся телу (камню, стреле) некоторое «стремление», аналогично тому, как огонь передаёт тепло воде. В роли двигателя может выступать также тяжесть.

«Стремление» бывает трёх видов: психическое (у живых существ), естественное и насильственное. «Естественное стремление» является результатом действия тяжести и проявляется в падении тела, то есть в естественном движении тела, в согласии с Аристотелем. В этом случае «стремление» может существовать даже у неподвижного тела, проявляясь в сопротивлении неподвижности. «Насильственное стремление» является аналогом филопоновской движущей силы — оно сообщается брошенному телу его «двигателем». По мере движения тела «насильственное стремление» уменьшается из-за сопротивления среды, как следствие стремится к нулю и скорость тела. В пустоте «насильственное стремление» не изменялось бы, и тело могло бы совершать вечное движение. В этом можно было бы видеть предвосхищение понятия инерции, однако в существование пустоты Авиценна не верил. Ибн Сина попытался дать количественную оценку «насильственного стремления»: по его мнению, оно пропорционально весу и скорости движения тела.

Возможно, идеи Ибн Сины о вложенной силе стали известны на латинском Западе и способствовали дальнейшему развитию теории импетуса Буриданом и другими схоластами.

Философия

В понимании предмета метафизики Ибн Сина следовал Аристотелю. Вслед за Аль-Фараби Ибн Сина различает возможно сущее, существующее благодаря другому, и абсолютно необходимо сущее, существующее благодаря себе. Ибн Сина утверждает совечность мира Творцу. Творение в вечности Ибн Сина объяснял с помощью неоплатонического понятия эманации, обосновывая таким образом логический переход от первоначального единого к множественности тварного мира. Однако в отличие от неоплатонизма он ограничивал процесс эманации миром небесных сфер, рассматривая материю не как конечный результат нисхождения единого, а как необходимый элемент любого возможного бытия. Космос делится на три мира: материальный мир, мир вечных несотворённых форм, и земной мир во всем его многообразии. Индивидуальная душа образует с телом единую субстанцию, обеспечивающую целостное воскрешение человека; носителем философского мышления выступает конкретное тело, предрасположенное к принятию разумной души. Абсолютная истина может быть постигнута посредством интуитивного видения, которое предстаёт кульминацией процесса мышления.

К кругу мистических произведений Ибн Сины относятся «Книга о птицах», «Книга о любви», «Книга о сущности молитвы», «Книга о смысле паломничества», «Книга об избавлении от страха смерти», «Книга о предопределении».

Ибн Сина написал учебник «Логика» (1031 или 1035 г.). «Логика, — писал он, — есть наука, при помощи которой познаются различные методы перехода от вещей, наличных в человеческом уме, к вещам, познание которых он стремится приобрести». Ибн Сина был сторонником того взгляда, что логические категории и правила должны соответствовать вещам. Предмет логики, говорил он, — решение проблемы общего и отдельного. Общее существует в самих вещах, но оно существует также до вещи и после вещи.
Мышление — это познание общего. В его теории познания нельзя не видеть элементов сенсуалистической тенденции, поскольку без чувственных познаний, по Ибн Сине, невозможен познавательный процесс.

Логикой Ибн Сина называл науку о формах мышления. Она входит в состав философии наряду с физикой (учении о Бытии) и математикой. Логика состоит из четырёх частей: понятие, суждение, умозаключение и доказательство.

Ибн Сина исследовал взаимоотношение субъекта и предиката в суждении, конъюнктивные суждения, взаимозависимость категорических и условных суждений. Ему было известно выражение импликации через дизъюнкцию и отрицание по формуле: () ≡ (), где → — знак импликации, соответствующий союзу «если…, то…» в обычной речи, ≡ — знак эквивалентности, ∨ — знак дизъюнкции (союз «или» в соединительно-разделительном смысле), ¬ p — отрицание p.

Критика
Вокруг философских взглядов Авиценны велась острая борьба между сторонниками и противниками его идей.

Суфии резко выступали против рационализма Ибн Сины, ставя его философии в вину то, что она не даёт возможности человеку приблизиться к Богу. Тем не менее многие из суфиев переняли философский метод Авиценны и его идею об эволюционном характере ступеней эманации по линии восхождения.

Мухаммад Аль-Газали в своей известной книге «Опровержение философов» пытался опровергнуть философию Ибн Сины во всех аспектах. Выступал против учения об изначальности и вечности мира и его атрибутов, поскольку это, по мнению Аль-Газали, приводит к дуализму, который противоречит монотеизму ислама. Аль-Газали отвергает также принцип эманации, согласно которому Бог творит мир не по собственной воле, а в силу естественной необходимости. Не разделял он также выдвинутых Ибн Синой идей о причинности и невозможность телесного воскресения.

Позже линию Аль-Газали продолжили мыслители XII века Мухаммад Шахрастани в своём труде «Китаб аль-Мусараа» и Фахруддин Рази. С защитой идей восточного перипатетизма в XII веке выступил Ибн Рушд в своей книге «Опровержение опровержения». Впоследствии взгляды Ибн Сины защищал Насир ад-Дин ат-Туси.

Психология
Ибн Сина разработал также своё собственное учение о темпераменте и характере человека. Согласно его учению натура человека делится на четыре простых вида: горячая, холодная, влажная и сухая (что в современной психологии соответствует четырём темпераментам). Эти натуры не являются стабильными, а изменяются под воздействием внутренних и внешних факторов, таких как метеорологические условия и смена времён года. Изменения в жидкостях организма также могут корректировать натуру в соответствующем направлении. Кроме простых натур, Авиценна различал ещё четыре сложных натуры в зависимости от превалирования одной из четырёх жидкостей организма (крови, слизи, жёлтой или чёрной жёлчи).

Литература
Многие серьёзные научные работы Ибн Сина писал в виде поэм, используя четверостишия. В такой форме написаны «Трактат о любви», «Трактат о птицах» и некоторые другие произведения. Есть среди его творчества и лирические стихотворные произведения — четверостишия и рубаи.
 {{cquote|از قعر گل سیاه تا اوج زحل  کردم همه مشکلات گیتی را حل  بیرون جستم زقید هر مکر و حیل  هر بند گشاده شد مگر بند اجل '''' От праха чёрного и до небесных тел  Я тайны разгадал мудрейших слов и дел. Коварство я избег, распутал все узлы, Лишь узел смерти я распутать не сумел.}}

 Когда к невеждам ты идёшь высокомерным,
 Средь ложных мудрецов явись ослом примерным:
 Ослиных черт у них такое изобилье,
 Что тот, кто не осел, у них слывет неверным.

 Плохо, когда сожалеть о содеянном станешь,
 Прежде чем ты, одинокий, от мира устанешь.
 Делай сегодня то дело, что выполнить в силах,
 Ибо возможно, что завтра ты больше не встанешь.

 Мой друг с моим врагом сегодня рядом был.
 Не нужен сахар мне, что смешан с ядом был!
 С подобным другом впредь не должен я дружить:
 Беги от мотылька, когда он с гадом был!

Основные литературные работы Ибн Сины — философская повесть-аллегория «Хай ибн Якзан», поэма из двадцати двустиший «Птица», «Саламан и Абсаль». Эти произведения и рубаи повлияли на развитие арабской, иранской и тюркоязычной литератур. В частности, классик ираноязычной поэзии XII века Омар Хайям называл Ибн Сину своим учителем.

 Публикации сочинений

 Музыка
Авиценна писал также произведения по теории музыки, которые являются частями его энциклопедических работ:
 «Свод науки о музыке» в «Книге исцеления»;
 «Краткое изложение о музыке» в «Книге спасения»;
 раздел о музыке в «Книге знания».
С теоретической точки зрения Ибн Сина, по средневековой традиции, относил музыку к математическим наукам. Он определял её как науку, изучающую звуки в их соотношениях и имеющую целью установление правил создания композиции. Исходя из учения Пифагора, он считал, что музыка подчинена числам и находится в тесной связи с ними.

Ибн Сина первый в истории подводит под музыкальную историю солидную научную базу, рассматривая музыку с позиций не только математики, но и социологии, психологии, поэтики, этики и физиологии.

Ибн Сина совместно с Аль-Фараби заложил основу науки о музыкальных инструментах, которая получила дальнейшее развитие в Европе в значительно более позднее время. Он даёт подробную классификацию типов музыкальных инструментов, объясняет их строение. В шестом разделе «Книги знания» приводятся названия почти всех существующих инструментов с их описаниями. Труды Аль-Фараби и Ибн Сины по изучению музыкальных инструментов заложили основы инструментоведения как специальной области музыкальной науки.

Великий учёный также является изобретателем распространённого в Средней Азии смычкового инструмента — гиджака.

 Память

 в 1980 году в Узбекской ССР отмечалось 1000-летие со дня рождения Ибн Сины и был издан «Канон врачебной науки» в 5 томах.
 4 июля 2006 года постановлением правительства Таджикистана пик Ленина был переименован в пик имени Абу Али ибн Сины.
 В его честь Карл Линней назвал род растений семейства Акантовые — Авиценния.
 В Таджикистане в честь Авиценны названы Таджикский государственный медицинский университет.
 В Душанбе в его честь названа площадь и установлен памятник работы азербайджанского скульптора Омара Эльдарова.

 В июне 2009 года Иран подарил отделу Организации Объединённых Наций в Вене (Австрия) Павильон персидских учёных, размещённый на центральной площади Мемориала Венского международного центра. Павильон персидских учёных включает в себя статуи четырёх известных учёных: Авиценны, Бируни, Закарии Рази (Рейз), Омара Хайяма
 В селе Афшана в Узбекистане существует музей Авиценны.
 В Бухаре в 1990 году открыт медицинский институт, названный в честь Абу Али ибн Сина.
 В Риге, в парке больничного комплекса Гайльэзерс, в 2006 году был открыт памятник Абу Али ибн Сины работы скульптора Джалалиддина Миртаджиева.
 Именем Ибн Сины назван астероид Авиценна, открытый 26 сентября 1973 года советским и российским астрономом Людмилой Ивановной Черных.
 В честь Ибн Сины назван кратер на Луне.
 В честь Ибн Сины названа программа Авиценна (Avicenna), созданная IBM для автоматического исследования кардиограмм и рентгеновских снимков молочной железы.
 В Ташкенте именем Авиценны названы два жилых массива — Ибн-Сина −1 и Ибн-Сина-2.

Именем Ибн Сины названы улицы:

 в Самарканде,
 в Бухаре,
 в Усть-Каменогорске,
 в Учкургане (Узбекистан),
 в Донецке,
 в Ташкенте.

 В художественной литературе
 «Абугалисина» () — повесть-сказка об Ибн Сине на татарском языке Каюма Насыри.
 Ной Гордон в своём романе «The Physician» (1988), рассказывает историю молодого англичанина, обучающегося медицине, который выдаёт себя за еврея, чтобы учиться врачебному искусству у самого Ибн Сины, великого мастера своего времени.
 В 2011 году испанский писатель Эсекьель Теодоро опубликовал роман «Рукопись Авиценны» («El Manuscrito de Avicena»), который воссоздаёт некоторые моменты из жизни персидского врача.

 В кинематографе
 Фильм «Авиценна» (1956), режиссёр Камиль Ярматов.
 Фильм «Юность Гения» (1982), снятый киностудиями Узбекфильм и Таджикфильм, посвящён детским и юношеским годам Авиценны. Режиссёр фильма Эльёр Ишмухамедов.
 Иранский телесериал «Авиценна» («Bu-Ali Sina») 1987 года повествует о жизни учёного с детства до самой смерти.
 В 2013 году вышел фильм  «Лекарь: Ученик Авиценны» («The Physician») по книге Н. Гордона.

 Документальные фильмы
 2010 — Авиценна. Свет с Востока / Ex Oriente Lux / Avicenna — Light From The East (режиссёр Шухрат Махмудов / Shuhrat Mahmudov)

 См. также
 Эстетика Ибн Сины
 Древнеиранская медицина

 Примечания

 Литература

 Брентьес Б., Брентьес С. Ибн Сина (Авиценна) / Пер. с нем. П. М. Комышанченко. — Киев: Изд-во КГУ, 1984. — 88 с.: ил.

 Диноршоев М. Натурфилософия Ибн-Сины. — Душанбе, 1985;
 Goodman L. E. Avincenna. L.-N.Y., 1992.

 Фролова Ε. A. Ибн Сина // Новая философская энциклопедия: в 4 т. / Ин-т философии РАН; Нац. обществ.-науч. фонд; Предс. научно-ред. совета В. С. Стёпин. — М.: «Мысль», 2000—2001. — ISBN 5-244-00961-3. 2-е изд., испр. и допол. — М.: «Мысль», 2010. — ISBN 978-5-244-01115-9.
 Шидфар Б. Я.'' Ибн-Сина. — : «Наука», 1981. — 184 с.

Ссылки

 Авиценна. Программа «Эха Москвы» из цикла «Всё так»
 Авиценна — биография, поэзия, труды о медицине
 Encyclopædia Iranica

Астрономы по алфавиту
Астрономы средневекового Востока
Астрономы XI века
Математики по алфавиту
Математики средневекового Востока
Математики XI века
Механики средневекового Востока
Механики XI века
Физики по алфавиту
Физики средневекового Востока
Физики XI века
Философы средневекового Востока
Исламские философы
Философы XI века
Персидские поэты XI века
Персонажи «Божественной комедии»
Персоналии:Бухара
Натурфилософы
Энциклопедисты
Медики XI века
Государственные деятели Саманидов
Визири Буидов