UX talent is at a premium right now and has been difficult for employers to find.
This difficulty is unsurprising when you consider that there are no consistent standards applied in UX job ads—the roles require varying skillsets, responsibilities, education and program knowledge.
Because it is an umbrella term for many user-related activities, UX will mean different things to different employers.
So what are recruiters, design managers, and companies actually looking for in a UXer during the hiring process? What can make you stand out?
Participate in an event like Startup Weekend—it's global. UXers are in demand at these events and over the course of a weekend you can build a number of great industry contacts or even a portfolio piece.
Talk with professionals, conference speakers and students and attend local meet-ups.
Develop a mutually beneficial relationship with a recruiter that you trust. A recruiter can really help you open doors.
Hanging out on Twitter is a great way for UXers to make connections and break the ice while gaining a lot of great bits of wisdom and perspective. Take a look at UX Mastery's Follower's list on Twitter for inspiration.
Do something, no matter how small, every day.
Not a shortage of talent or passion … but a shortage of applied experience.
Learn everything you can about experience design. Do projects to get experience under belt. This is not always easy when you are new to UX, but do some volunteering, take on contracts or apply your proficiency from another industry to your UX toolkit. Most importantly, recruiters want to see you show your problem-solving skills.
A common thread in UX roles is the need to tell stories every day to explain the user's needs to others. This skill is also what UX hirers are looking for during the interview process.
The biggest mistake many recruiters see in UX portfolios is "letting the work speak for itself." Great stories don't just happen, but like UX, require thought, practice and iteration.
If you are not a natural storyteller, use this Three-Act Structure (Setup > Confrontation > Resolution) to form your UX story.
Formal interviews will generally take the form of a behavioural interview, which is answering questions about a specific situation you've encountered in the past in the format of the situation's context > action > result. This is a similar approach to the three-act structure.
Practice this approach to story-telling and behavioural interviewing.
A portfolio is your key strategic advantage and biggest asset after any direct connections to break into UX.
If you are new to UX and don't have a lot of prior experience, donate your time to a not-for-profit or friend's business to come away with a solid project you can use to tell your story. Use the storytelling tips in #4 to structure your portfolio.
The number #1 novice mistake I see is presenting yourself as too much of a mixture: UX/UI/Visual/Photographer/Writer/Illustrator … etc. I would caution that if you are a novice, build your portfolio around one area first before trying to be all things to all people.
And ask yourself if you really need a "/" or "&" in your description.
Have done your research about the organisation and team.
Get in front of a whiteboard to tell your stories.
Engage with the interviewer. Make eye contact.
Bring an iPad or paper documentation (or a hard copy of your portfolio).
UX Design Hiring Managers are slowly moving away from expecting the perfect UX "Unicorn".
You don't need to be a magical one-horned figure that can do everything for everyone. However, you do need to be able to tell your UX story, demonstrate your problem-solving skills and be a cultural fit for the organisation.
Demonstrating your problem solving skills is much easier when you have a background in UX and a range of past projects to draw on, but there are ways new-to-UX applicants can shine.
Think outside the square. Become a wonderful storyteller. You don't need to be Shakespeare to communicate your UX story.
That's really… really helpful. Thank you for writing this.
Thanks for sharing experiences. I am working for Indian Government clients where most of the time my work revolves around catering all clients needs for visuals, websites & Print work. They were least bother for UX Design. From last few months I tried & make my clients undersatnd the Importance of UX. Now I do some UX related things like making prototypes wireframes usability testing.
My question is how I can make portfolio while I am abide by Non Disclosure Agreement.
Second how to crack an interview when most of the UX related things were not practice where I am working.
How can you build your portfolio while honoring your Non Disclosure Agreement (NDA)?
I recommend developing work that is outside of and completely clear of your NDA conditions. This might be outside your current industry, pro-bono (free or donated) work or partnering on a passion project with someone else equally excited to collaborate. If you have a project that is absolutely perfect, but under NDA, then I suggest applying the same rigor, process and UX thinking to a similar problem in a different business space.
How do you get a UX interview when you are not practicing UX in your current role?
Same answer. A UX Manager is always going to want someone with at least some experience over none. Even a short internship of 3 months or a small service, website or app you helped develop in your spare time is better than nothing.
I know it is easy to just say these things, but everyone was a beginner at one time. I wish you the best with your next steps.
But what if you really *are* all the /s you present yourself as, and you have the proof to back it up, and you're not new? Is it still better to focus on just one thing? Or is the answer (as it often is), it depends?
The spirit behind this point is that you need to be ONE thing before you can be MANY things to a potential employer, hiring manager or client.
Everyone has more than one thing to offer and most people in this industry are truly multi-faceted and multi-talented. The issue is focus. If you can't present yourself with a clear focus, particularly when starting out, how can you provide focus on a product or service?
As you become a more seasoned professional, yes, your skill set and service offering can grow, but it still needs to be an area of domain expertise. There is a world of difference between presenting yourself as a UX Designer with illustration and copywriting skills through your work and branding as Designer/Writer/Illustrator/Photographer/Etc.
Ahhh ok! That makes perfect sense. :) Thanks!
Here is a sixth way to stand out that has worked for quite a few UXers that I know.
Take a video (that you've analysed) of a user or two with you into the interview – not to show that you know how to test, but to demonstrate that you're bringing the user into the room and making them part of the conversation. Even before you've started.
I heard about that too, and that's how one of my friends landed his dream UX job!


Innovative Ambidextrous Modular MOLLE Holster that is fully configurable for Full Size and Compact semi autos without or with tactical flashlights/lasers.
With a Grid of Eyelets, this holster can be configured to fit various sizes and shapes of pistols. It can also be custom configured to fit around Tactical Flashlights/Lasers mounted onto the frame of the Pistol.
With the use of the supplied tube spacers and bungee cords, the holster can be custom fitted to most Pistol without or with tactical flashlights and/or lasers.
Included are three different types of retention features that can be used to keep the pistol secured to the holster: adjustable Thumb-Snap, Grip Retention Bungee Cord with pull tab, and 1" Nylon Grip Retention strap with quick connect buckles.
With MOLLE webbing on both side this can be configured as a Left or Right handed holster. Feature also makes the Holster easy to attached to other MOLLE compatible gear.
Includes two removable MOLLE straps with snap-button enclosure for attaching to MOLLE webbing.


text:
Inspiring Immigrant
Irish America
Irish in America
Leona Maguire Bags Major Payday With Top 10 Finish at US Women's Open
Leona Maguire
June 6, 2022 By Brandon O'Neill
Leona Maguire earned a top 10 finish at the US Women's Open Sunday landing a major payday in the process.
The Cavan golfer finished in a three-way tie for eight on two under alongside world number two Nelly Korda and Megan Khang — despite a final-round 74.
Maguire atook home $261,193, that's $36,000 more than she earned for winning the LPGA Drive On Championship in February.
She was 11 shots behind eventual winner Minjee Lee of Australia, who secured the biggest prize in women's golf.
Maguire was five under heading into Sunday's conclusion at Pine Needles in North Carolina but three bogeys on the front nine saw her slip back.
Another bogey on 11 saw the two-time Olympian drop back to one under but she finished on a more positive note with a birdie on the 15th.
"It's my first top 10 at a US Open, first cut I've made at a US Open, so that's big progress for me, and really enjoyed the week, really enjoyed being back in North Carolina, so overall it's been a great week," she said.
"Didn't get off to the best of starts but tried to stay really patient," Maguire said about her final round.
Read More: Sensational Leona Maguire Becomes First Irish Golfer to Win on LPGA Tour
"I knew everybody was kind of struggling out there. I knew it wasn't going to be easy out there. A lot of the pins were tucked and you couldn't make a lot of birdies. It was just trying to limit the amount of mistakes really.
"I think it was a little firmer today and it was definitely set up a little bit tougher. There was definitely a little bit more breeze, pins were a little trickier today. Overall that's reflected in the scores. You couldn't get close to a lot of the pins today, so you just had to take your chances when you got them."
Had a ball being back in North Carolina this week, @PineNeedlesGolfwad was a top class venue 🤩 Really proud of my first top10 @uswomensopen 🇺🇸 #onwardsandupwards pic.twitter.com/X3igkWgoiU
— Leona Maguire (@leona_maguire) June 6, 2022
At the top of the leaderboard, Minjee Lee claimed an emphatic four-stroke victory.
The 26-year-old from Perth made an impressive start to the final round with birdies at the first two holes and was never headed en route to an even-par 71 in demanding conditions that made it tough for her pursuers to make a charge.
Lee finished on 13 under-par, collecting $1.8 million from a record total purse of $10 million, while American Mina Harigae (72) claimed second place on nine-under.
US Womens Open
thelonghallpodcast
Colin Farrell Scoops Best Actor as 'The Banshees of Inisherin' Wins 3 Golden Globes
PODCAST: New York Senior Hurling Manager Richie Hartnett Previews Connacht Senior League

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Toys are fundamental in the process of development of a child, they represent the origin of a strong, desired and lasting relationship. It is because they are associated with pleasure that game proves to be the most effective means of learning. They are the leading manufacturer of intelligence because toys multiply and stabilize the neural patterns that the child will need later for more academic or intellectual tasks.
Here you can find an indicative list of toys that stimulate a child's creativity and imagination and encourage them to improvise games and become more active.
It is cheap, simple and does wonders in developing a child's creativity and imagination; it is one of the simple toys of childhood that should not be missing from your child's collection.
These kind of toys have taken are so loved by kids around the world at the moment. They come in all sizes and shapes and kids adore to squish, play with them by themselves or simply use them as their companions.
For our variety of squishy toys why don't you visit our shop?
Lego toys are very popular among children and are enjoyed both by boys and girls. Not only are they fun, but they also develop the creative side of the little ones. Lego develops cognitive and spatial orientation, observation, and sense of proportion. By actively engaging in building play, especially if more children are involved, personal, socio-emotional development is stimulated through exploration, questioning, thinking and communication. This is how teamwork skills are developed, understanding people's differences, creating a psychological relationship with others, built on respect and demand.
Colored or not, they stimulate children to turn them all over, overlap and form different towers or robots from them.
Train sets with all their accessories will capture children's attention for hours and develop their imagination and creativity as they can create their own stories in their crowded city. The track rail is easy to assemble and goes through a story décor because the train can climb and descend from the mountains, the children can create many intersections and dangerous curves, an exhilarating trip for them. Train sets are large enough to be used by more children at a time.
Boxes of cereals, a parcel, shoe boxes or even the boxes from toys can be turned into the most fun toys; the child breaks them, cuts them, sticks things on them, colors them and gives them "life" in figures, robots, doll houses, cars and all kinds of other things.
Paper and colored pencils is all a child needs so that his imagination unleashes and draws or colors the most creative and interesting works of art. There are also on the market cardboard tents that can be colored or painted just as the kid pleases.
Large toys give great pleasure to children especially when we are talking about a playhouse. This becomes their place of story and imagination. They come in all shapes and sizes and can be placed in the child's room, where they can store their toys or outside in the garden giving the child the opportunity to play in a variety of ways, alone or with other children. They can also be accessorized with tunnels, a kitchen set, basketball hoop or even a slide.
It helps children develop fine motor skills, imagination and learn how to keep things in order. Combining learning and fun, your child learns how to use different cooking accessories. Sometimes these types of sets come with vegetables and fruits that make the kitchen more realistic. Using their imagination, the little ones can create menus and can cook for the whole family.
Some puzzles are very creative, while others focus more on math and logic. Solving these types of games develop imagination and encourage creativity. They are extremely useful tools for developing your child's skill and artistic sense. They are attractive and keep the child focused while trying to decipher, at his own pace, the hidden image of the puzzle.
The game is the basic activity of the child and the way in which he develops himself, just as work is the basic activity for the adult. Toys play an important role in the child's life from the first months of life. A toy should not be only an entertainment tool but also an instrument to shape a child's education. Toys must stimulate the child to explore, develop his creativity, encourage the desire to discover and express self-expression.


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Craig Manatt
CEO & President
Craig Manatt, CEO and president of the $153 million-asset Peoples Bank of Sheridan, is a fourth-generation banker. "I always just kind of knew from being exposed to it around the dinner table," said Manatt, who grew up in Sheridan. "I couldn't see myself doing anything else."
He joined Peoples Bank in 2007 as a vice president overseeing the bank's loan and investment portfolios and managing contracts with third-party vendors.
In 2011, Manatt graduated from the Southwestern Graduate School of Banking at Southern Methodist University in Dallas. He succeeded his father, John, as CEO and president of Peoples Bank in 2017.
Manatt graduated in 2005 from the University of Arkansas at Fayetteville with a bachelor's degree in accounting. After college, he worked for two years at Little Rock bank consulting firm DD&F Consulting Group Inc.
Most of his DD&F work was in risk management, helping banks get deficiencies corrected and analyzing loan portfolios.
His civic resume includes serving as treasurer of the Grant County Industrial Development Corp., member of the Rotary Club of Sheridan and former board member of iCAN of Arkansas.


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Mama Dragun Bio
Mama Dragun is an American transgender makeup artist and beauty guru. Check out this biography to know about her childhood, family life, and fun facts about her.
Gender: transgender
Sun Sign: Aquarius
Also Known As: Nikita Dragun, Nyc Dragun
Born in: Springfield, Virginia
Famous as: Transgender makeup artist & beauty guru
siblings: Allegrah Capri Nguyen (sister), Taliah Nguyen Marriott (sister), Vincarlo Nguyen (brother)
U.S. State: Virginia
Vloggers #9 Beauty Vloggers #3 YouTubers #109
Tana Mongeau
Antonio Garza
Identify These Singers
Mama Dragun is the online alias of American transgender makeup artist and beauty guru Nikita Dragun (also known as Nyc Dragun). She is considered a youth icon for transgender people for being open about her transition from male to female. Her YouTube channel, which has gathered over 854k subscribers, consists primarily of makeup tutorials, vlogs, challenges, and inspirational videos about her transition. According to her, following her transition, she realized the kind of bias women have to go through on a regular basis, which has made her a feminist as well, apart from an LGBT activist. She has also appeared as a model for the company Jeffree Star Cosmetics. In September 2017, she announced her first ever collaboration with a brand and unveiled her line of three wigs – Saphira, Khaleesi and Cassie – from Bellami Hair. Famous YouTuber, Loren Gray, has shared her fondness for Nikita on Instagram.
http://www.marathi.tv/youtube-host/nikita-dragun-bio/
https://www.revelist.com/beauty-news-/nikita-dragun-bellami-wigs/9395
https://twitter.com/nikitadragun/status/967960131639001089
https://www.revelist.com/influencers/nikita-dragun/11962/shell-cast-a-spell-on-you-like-i-never-thought-i-wanted-an-offtheshoulder-bondage-dress-with-hip-cutouts-and-independent-sleeves-but-now-i-do/9
https://www.revelist.com/influencers/nikita-dragun/11962/it-turns-out-that-our-mother-of-draguns-has-a-lot-of-latex/14
https://www.pinterest.se/mayaRyan2k1/nikita-dragun/
https://in.pinterest.com/beccawelter/nikita-dragun/
Beauty Vloggers
Virginia YouTubers
Mama Dragun
Rise to Stardom
Mama Dragun started out on the image sharing platform Instagram, in which she had a very controlled image. As an avid YouTube viewer, she thought she could be an YouTuber as well, and brought her controlled image to that platform. In the early days, she never talked about her sexuality as she thought her followers would realize her transition. However, as that was not the case, she felt it necessary to come out publicly as transgender. She finally posted the emotional and confessional video 'I am transgender' on December 28, 2015, which instantaneously went viral.
American Vloggers
American YouTubers
American Beauty Vloggers
Growing up in Virginia, she had never met a transgender person before, but she started to receive helpful advice from people all over the world after opening up on YouTube, which convinced her about the power of the platform. In mid-2015, as she started to gain popularity as a YouTuber, she moved to Los Angeles, where she met with more people from the LGBT community and began to feel more comfortable about her own transition. She decided to be real on her YouTube channel and help others by documenting her journey. As a result, she shared her hormone replacement therapy, going under the knife to change her body, and even showed people staples being pulled out of her skull.
Her Transition Story
As a child, Mama Dragun liked playing with dolls and used to dress up prettily. Her mother first noticed that something was not right with her when, during her first physical education class, she lined up with the girls instead of the boys, and insisted on wearing shorts with side-cuts. As early as when she was only eight, she had started saving money for her transition after watching a documentary about transgender people. By the end of high school, she was so androgynous that she was "at the absolute peak of being gay". Due to LGBT issues being considered a taboo, she initially thought herself to be gay, and realized that she is a woman trapped into a man's body only after growing up. After it became awkward for her to use the men's toilet, she decided on her transition, but was afraid about her conservative background. However, her parents were very supportive about her decision.
Controversies & Scandals
In February 2017, Mama Dragun received backlash after appearing in the ad campaign for Jeffree Star's Androgyny makeup line, which featured her alongside other LGBT models. In her Instagram profile, she posted a picture of herself from the ad campaign, in which her face appeared significantly darker than she normally looks. This created an uproar in the internet community against Jeffree Star, who had previously been accused of being racist. Critics asked why he could not hire an African-American model and instead decided to blackface an Asian model. She tried to defend herself in the wake of the controversy stating that being half-Mexican and half-Asian, her skin gets naturally very dark when she tans. In a later interview she expressed her disappointment over the controversy and stated that the campaign was "intended to welcome all gender identities, sexualities, and races to enjoy the makeup line".
Mama Dragun was born on January 31, 1996 in Springfield, Virginia. Her father is Vietnamese and her mother is Mexican. She has two sisters – Allegrah Nguyen Capri and Taliah Nguyen Marriott – and a brother named Vincarlo Nguyen. She was trained as a male singer in school, but now intends to train again to rediscover her voice after her transition. She joined a four-year course at Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising in Los Angeles in 2014. She has two dragon tattoos on her chest and her back, and a writing in Arabic on her wrist that means 'dragon'. She has often tagged people as boyfriend in her social media posts, but according to some sources they are not her actual boyfriends.
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Mama Dragun Bio As PDF
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21st Century | Celebrity Names With Letter M


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Hughes to Showcase Latest Innovations in Broadband Technology & Services at Satellite 2017 Conference
Launch date for next generation of HughesNet services to be announced
Germantown, Md.— At the SATELLITE 2017 Conference, March 6-9 in Washington, DC, Hughes Network Systems, LLC (HUGHES), an EchoStar company (NASDAQ: SATS) and the global leader in broadband satellite technology and services will showcase numerous innovations, from advanced features of its JUPITER™ System to new capabilities of HughesNet®, America's number one choice for high-speed satellite Internet service.
JUPITER™, the world's most widely deployed (HTS) high-throughput satellite system, is now available with the advanced DVB-S2X air interface standard—the first operational VSAT platform with this competitive edge functionality for maximum throughput and efficiency.
A new multi-band (Ku and Ka) aeronautical system will be introduced, building on the success of in-flight broadband services powered by Hughes technology globally.
New satellite backhaul solutions for cost-effective expansion of 4G/LTE cellular network services, as well as the latest HTS solutions for government and business.
"We've earned a trusted leadership position by consistently delivering innovations that have shaped and transformed the industry," said Pradman Kaul, president of Hughes. "This annual event gives us the choice opportunity to present our latest contributions in both technology and services, and we extend a hearty welcome to all from around the globe to engage with us while at the show."
A number of Hughes executives will give presentations throughout the conference, including Pradman Kaul in a roundtable session on "Global Satellite Operator CEOs Spearheading the Connected World, on Tuesday, March 7 at 4:15 p.m. Hughes is also hosting a press/analyst luncheon featuring several significant announcements on Tuesday, March 7 at 11:15 a.m. in room 204A in the Walter E. Washington Convention Center in Washington, D.C.
About Hughes Network Systems
Hughes Network Systems, LLC (HUGHES) is the global leader in broadband satellite technology and services for home and office. Its flagship high-speed satellite Internet service is HughesNet®, the world's largest satellite network with over 1 million residential and business customers across North America and Brazil. For large enterprises and governments, the company's HughesON® managed network services provide complete connectivity solutions employing an optimized mix of satellite and terrestrial technologies. The JUPITER™ System is the world's most widely deployed High-Throughput Satellite (HTS) platform by leading service providers operating on more than 20 satellites, delivering enterprise, mobility and cellular backhaul applications. To date, Hughes has shipped more than 5.5 million satellite systems to customers in over 100 countries, representing approximately 50 percent market share.
Headquartered outside Washington, D.C., in Germantown, Maryland, USA, Hughes operates sales and support offices worldwide, and is a wholly owned subsidiary of EchoStar Corporation (NASDAQ: SATS), a premier global provider of satellite operations. For additional information about Hughes, please visit www.hughes.com and follow @HughesConnects on Twitter.
About EchoStar
EchoStar Corporation (NASDAQ: SATS) is a premier global provider of satellite communication solutions. Headquartered in Englewood, Colo., and conducting business around the globe, EchoStar is a pioneer in secure communications technologies through its Hughes Network Systems and EchoStar Satellite Services business segments. For more information, visit echostar.com. Follow @EchoStar on Twitter.


In the first week of January, volume increases, if not quality. It does feature a large number of romantic movies with color desaturated packaging and discounts on admission to "Fifty Shades Darker," though.
Comments Includes The Butlet, Fruitvale Station, 20 Feet From Stardom, and Mandela: Long Walk To Freedom.
Comments This is probably one of the best Gundam spinoff OVA series.
Comments Blaine: I haven't seen this remake, but the original Charade is fantastic, stars Cary Grant and Audrey Hepburn, was directed by Stanley Donen, and has fallen into public domain on a technicality.
Comments Contains all three seasons and the OVA of the romantic comedy anime series.
Comments Featuring A.J. Styles vs. Dean Ambrose.


Bighorn sheep in Montana were first recorded by the Lewis and Clark expedition in 1805 and 1806 with the majority of the bighorn sightings recorded on the expedition as being along the Missouri and Yellowstone rivers. Today 's bighorn sheep conservation story dates back to 1869 when Montana's first conservation law was passed by Montana's Territorial Legislature and in 1872 hunting seasons were established for big game, including bighorn sheep. Over the years since then, our bighorn sheep herds have seen a lot of change as the herds have been impacted by poor range conditions, severe winter weather, and diseases transmitted by domestic sheep. Montana's bighorns were at one of their all-time lows in density and distribution by 1941.
Today, approximately 5,000 bighorn sheep inhabit Montana in 45 distinct populations over 3.7 million acres. The present numbers of bighorn sheep in Montana are due to regulated hunting, transplanting of sheep from healthy herds to areas with excellent sheep habitat as well as reductions in domestic sheep and goats in sheep habitat which has reduced the transmission of disease to the wild sheep.
Montana's Wild Horse Island State Park, with its excellent bighorn habitat and lack of hunting has provided a virtual "nursery" for bighorn sheep and over the years has provided a significant number of sheep for transplants to other locations around Montana. Although nearly all of Montana's sheep populations are known for their horn growth and "trophy" quality, Wild Horse Island has produced some outstanding rams over the years.
Recently a ram was found dead on the island and because of its exceptional size, it was entered in the Boone and Crockett Records of North American Big Game. When it was scored, it was determined that it was a potential world's record bighorn ram. As a result, a special Boone and Crockett judges panel was called in Bozeman, Montana to certify the score as the world's record.


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Q: Horizontal Progress Bar not loading from my class extending Base Adapter I have a listview which adapts a horizontal progress bar dialog.The progress bar appears, but it does not load Please help me. i get null pointer exceptions too.
This is my main activity where i set the adapter for my listview
  public class ListProgress extends ActionBarActivity {
        ListView lvProgress;
       public ProgressBarAdapter progressBarAdapter;
        public int pStatus;
        public ProgressBar progressBar;
        public Handler handler = new Handler();
        int budgetVal=600;

        @Override
        protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
            super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
            setContentView(R.layout.list_progress);
            lvProgress =(ListView) findViewById(R.id.lvProgress);
            progressBar =(ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar1);
            progressBarAdapter = new ProgressBarAdapter(this);

            lvProgress.setAdapter(progressBarAdapter);
       }

This is my class which extends the Base Adapter. The Progress Dialog appears alright but it does not load at all.
public class ProgressBarAdapter extends BaseAdapter{
    TextView tv;
    private Handler handler = new Handler();
    public ViewHolder holder;
    private Context ctx;

        final class ViewHolder {
            public ProgressBar pBar;
        }

        public ProgressBarAdapter(Context ctx) {
            this.ctx = ctx;
        }

        @Override
        public int getCount() {
            return 1;
        }

        @Override
        public Object getItem(int position) {
            return position;
        }

        @Override
        public long getItemId(int position) {
            return 0;
        }

        @Override
        public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {
             holder = new ViewHolder();
            LayoutInflater inflater=  (LayoutInflater) ctx.getSystemService(Context
                            .LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE);
            convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.activity_progress_dialog_demo, null);
             holder.pBar = (ProgressBar) convertView.findViewById(R.id.progressBar1);
            new myTask().execute();

//                    Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable() {
//                        int budgetVal = 600;
//                        int pStatus=0;
//                        @Override
//                        public void run() {
//                            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
//                            while (pStatus <= budgetVal) {
//
//                                handler.post(new Runnable() {
//
//                                    @Override
//                                    public void run() {
//                                        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
//                                        holder.pBar.setProgress(pStatus);
//                                        holder.pBar.setSecondaryProgress(pStatus + 5000);
//                                       // Toast.makeText(ctx,"Touched: " + pStatus ,Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
//                                    }
//                                });
//                                try {
//                                    // Sleep for 200 milliseconds.
//                                    // Just to display the progress slowly
//                                    Thread.sleep(50);
//                                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
//                                    e.printStackTrace();
//                                }
//                                pStatus++;
//                            }
//                        }
//                    });t.start();
            return convertView;
        }

    class myTask extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void>
    {
        int pStatus=0;

        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            holder.pBar .setMax(1200);
            holder.pBar .setProgress(pStatus);
            holder.pBar .setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
            pStatus=0;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Void... values) {
            super.onProgressUpdate(values);
            pStatus++;
            holder.pBar .setProgress(pStatus);
        }

        @Override
        protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
            return null;

        }

    }

}

Null Pointer Exceptions on LogCat
06-16 17:54:14.382  16120-16120/? E/dalvikvm﹕ >>>>> Normal User
06-16 17:54:14.382  16120-16120/? E/dalvikvm﹕ >>>>> com.example.fritzmichaelquaye.datedemo [ userId:0 | appId:10251 ]
06-16 17:54:14.712  16120-16120/com.example.fritzmichaelquaye.datedemo E/AndroidRuntime﹕ FATAL EXCEPTION: main
    Process: com.example.fritzmichaelquaye.datedemo, PID: 16120
    java.lang.NullPointerException
            at com.example.fritzmichaelquaye.adapter.ProgressBarAdapter$myTask.onPreExecute(ProgressBarAdapter.java:125)
            at android.os.AsyncTask.executeOnExecutor(AsyncTask.java:587)
            at android.os.AsyncTask.execute(AsyncTask.java:535)
            at com.example.fritzmichaelquaye.adapter.ProgressBarAdapter.getView(ProgressBarAdapter.java:73)
            at android.widget.AbsListView.obtainView(AbsListView.java:2765)
            at android.widget.ListView.measureHeightOfChildren(ListView.java:1274)
            at android.widget.ListView.onMeasure(ListView.java:1186)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17478)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5364)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureChildBeforeLayout(LinearLayout.java:1410)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureVertical(LinearLayout.java:695)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.onMeasure(LinearLayout.java:588)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17478)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5364)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:310)
            at android.support.v7.widget.ContentFrameLayout.onMeasure(ContentFrameLayout.java:135)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17478)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5364)
            at android.support.v7.widget.ActionBarOverlayLayout.onMeasure(ActionBarOverlayLayout.java:391)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17478)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5364)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:310)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17478)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5364)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureChildBeforeLayout(LinearLayout.java:1410)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.measureVertical(LinearLayout.java:695)
            at android.widget.LinearLayout.onMeasure(LinearLayout.java:588)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17478)
            at android.view.ViewGroup.measureChildWithMargins(ViewGroup.java:5364)
            at android.widget.FrameLayout.onMeasure(FrameLayout.java:310)
            at com.android.internal.policy.impl.PhoneWindow$DecorView.onMeasure(PhoneWindow.java:2548)
            at android.view.View.measure(View.java:17478)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performMeasure(ViewRootImpl.java:2259)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.measureHierarchy(ViewRootImpl.java:1388)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.performTraversals(ViewRootImpl.java:1587)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl.doTraversal(ViewRootImpl.java:1246)
            at android.view.ViewRootImpl$TraversalRunnable.run(ViewRootImpl.java:6567)
            at android.view.Choreographer$CallbackRecord.run(Choreographer.java:803)
            at android.view.Choreographer.doCallbacks(Choreographer.java:603)
            at android.view.Choreographer.doFrame(Choreographer.java:573)
            at android.view.Choreographer$FrameDisplayEventReceiver.run(Choreographer.java:789)
            at android.os.Handler.handleCallback(Handler.java:733)
            at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:95)
            at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:136)
            at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:5476)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method)
            at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:515)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:1268)
            at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:1084)
            at de.robv.android.xposed.XposedBridge.main(XposedBridge.java:132)
            at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The solos in this book, all over standard tunes, provide a wealth of jazz and blues vocabulary, rhythms, and licks. They serve as templates for your improvisations and will help you create your own solos. Play them with the backing tracks and listen to the demos. You will get an insider's look into the language of jazz and learning the solos will greatly improve your ear, technique, and improvisation. Essential Solos for Guitar by Jeff Harrington will help greatly improve your improvisation skills.


text:
Opinion | How the Fed's Rescue Program Is Worsening Inequality
Junk bond investors are getting a sweet deal from the central bank. The Fed and Congress need to do more for ordinary Americans.
Manuel Balce Ceneta, File/AP Photo
Opinion by GENE LUDWIG and SARAH BLOOM RASKIN
Gene Ludwig is chairman of the Ludwig Institute for Shared Economic Prosperity (LISEP) and a former Comptroller of the Currency.
Sarah Bloom Raskin is a former deputy secretary of the U.S. Treasury Department and Federal Reserve governor.
Americans have been justifiably disturbed by stories of deep-pocketed corporations accepting loans from the Paycheck Protection Program designed to save small businesses and non-profits. But outrage over generous loans to well-heeled businesses is obscuring another troubling problem: The Federal Reserve's efforts to preserve liquidity in the corporate debt market are, however inadvertently, sending wealth up the income scale, exacerbating inequality.
To appreciate the scale of the problem, consider the corporate debt market. Bonds issued to investors by healthy businesses tend to command lower interest rates, or yields. Companies already saddled with substantial debt pay higher yields simply because investors worry that those loans won't be repaid. The riskiest debt, "high-yield" or "junk" bonds, are so precarious that they are predominantly purchased by sophisticated institutions, such as hedge funds.
Needless to say, the investors willing to tolerate high levels of risk are not people of lower and moderate incomes; they are disproportionately wealthy and white. In fact, some junk bonds have been managed or "leveraged" explicitly to ensure that special classes of wealthy and sophisticated investors reap even larger rewards.
With many highly indebted businesses facing severe revenue challenges, the junk bond market should be reeling. But not only are high-yield bonds not in free-fall—relatively speaking, they're being actively marketed by respectable intermediaries to ordinary conservative investors. Businesses that might normally be on the brink of insolvency have, in many cases, had little trouble finding money from the markets.
Why? It's not because investors necessarily have greater faith that these companies are poised to thrive. Rather, the junk bond market is on a tear because the Federal Reserve, with the blessing of the U.S. Treasury, is ready to purchase certain downgraded corporate bonds, giving investors a secure avenue to offload junk bond risks and avoid losses if they have to.
No "junk" risk
In other words, by buying up junk bonds, the Federal Reserve is effectively offering the globe's wealthiest investors the opportunity to purchase high-yield bonds without fear they'll lose their shirt. They're being presented with all the upside that comes with a junk bond, but none of the risk that, before now, made it, well, junk.
Even as mom-and-pop businesses struggle to secure the financing required to retain their small businesses, as millions of Americans are out of work and struggling to feed their families, Washington is backstopping loans that are predominately purchased by wealthy investors.
The Federal Reserve, having acted forcefully and admirably in this crisis, arguably did not err when deciding to intervene in the junk bond market, even if some investors have shamefully over-leveraged some companies in pursuit of outsized returns. Absent the Fed's support, at least some struggling businesses might have been frozen out of the bond market and many would be forced to declare bankruptcy, prompting additional layoffs and unemployment claims, and a deluge of consumer, student, mortgage, and other defaults, deepening the recession for everyone.
But if the Fed's move is indeed prudent, their unconditioned interventions should prompt a recalibration of the government's broader approach. In other words, if the wealthiest investors are getting a three-course meal, small businesses and struggling families shouldn't be left fighting for scraps.
This all points to a lesson too often ignored in recent history: Some of the best-intentioned federal economic interventions can serve to worsen inequality. After the Second World War, for example, Washington's desire to expand homeownership spurred Congress to establish new government-supported mortgage programs. But beyond incentivizing suburban sprawl, federal agencies seemed not to notice that many lenders iced out applications from low- and moderate-income, typically minority communities, purportedly to minimize the government's risk. This "redlining" then became standard practice within private industry, necessitating passage of the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) in 1977.
Redlining's legacy effects have scarred the ability of many families to build wealth. We can't afford to make the same sorts of mistakes again. Today's economic policymakers should take steps now to mitigate the inequalities that will cause more problems – and potentially new CRA-style legislation – in the future.
This would mean, for example, that the Treasury Department and Small Business Administration would fix the Paycheck Protection Program so that funds are reserved for small businesses truly on the brink in neighborhoods that have been left behind. The spirit behind CRA standards – an obligation to serve the entire community – should be applied to government actions now. If investors in the high-risk debt markets are going to in essence to be made whole when the Federal Reserve purchases and supports those loans, low- and moderate-income businesses and charities, such as churches that often provide social safety net programs, should be able to expect the same level of support.
Wealth distortions
The need to address the wealth distortions produced by policy also suggests that in addition to the government's support for business, more aid should directly target individuals who have been laid off. In this regard, Sen. Mark Warner (D-Va.) has proposed legislation which would provide federal support to help workers remain attached to their jobs by guaranteeing salaries of up to $90,000 for anyone who has been displaced or laid off in the wake of the crisis. The Fed is purchasing corporate debt because they want to keep viable companies up-and-running. Well, we need to keep those companies' unemployed workers and their families up-and-running as well.
Finally, the responsibility to embrace a new approach expands beyond Congress and White House. For example, the Fed should be using its new Main Street Lending Program even more aggressively than it is proposing to help fill this gap for middle- and lower-income Americans. There is much to like in the MSLP. However, currently its terms are too tough and rigid to serve the needs of many small businesses. By requiring all loans to be more than $500,000, the central bank is icing out smaller banks and smaller borrowers. At the very least, the Fed should use its relationships with smaller banks to facilitate making subsidized lending to mom-and-pop businesses.
We're living through an economic crisis equivalent to a war, and as Nobel laureate Robert Shiller has pointed out, the spirit of togetherness born from wars can spur nations to tackle divisive challenges that appear impregnable during peacetime. In this national emergency, government has the opportunity to level the playing field for families living in trying circumstances, particularly communities of color.
The legitimacy of our economic system is at stake. If the wealth gap grows while the mainstream suffers, capitalism itself will almost certainly come under more withering criticism. If, in an amplified echo of post-war redlining, Washington decides to serve the wealthy but not the poor, the price will not just be financial, but political.


Tonight we headed over to some friends for a cookout. They have a sweet deck and thankfully the rain held off just long enough to fill our bellies and share some good laughs around the table. I love New England in the summer and how we New Englander's relish the warmth and the time we have been given to be outdoors. I am grateful for the seasons, and grateful to be in summer.


Does your company need a web design in South Africa? Of course your company does. If nobody knows about you, how will they ever do business with you?
Getting a web design in South Africa is a very important marketing tool for all South African businesses. No matter what the size of your business, whether it's a startup, small, medium or large corporation, a website is the only form of advertising that markets your entire business.
How to get a web design in South Africa that works for your company?
1. Look for a company on the internet that specializes in web design in South Africa. After all, who searches in the yellow pages nowadays. Everything happens on the internet.
3. Web design in South Africa comes in a whole range of different prices. Choose the package that suits your company's needs and budget. If you can't afford the web design company that you have come across, then look elsewhere, always keeping in mind the quality of work that you require from your web design. So, coming to point number 4.
4. Look at the portfolio of the web design in South Africa projects that the web design company has done for other businesses. Are you happy with the outcome of the website designs that they have created in the past?
5. Read through some of the testimonials of the different companies that they have made a web design in South Africa for. This will give you a feel of what to expect from that particular web design South Africa company if you decide to work with them.
6. After going through all 5 steps and you're happy, your web design in South Africa will commence. This will be a huge investment in your business. Having your web design created through G Web Design will be affordable, yet very professional. We take extreme pride in all the companies that we work with. We create websites to grow your business.
To conclude, a web design goes hand in hand with the growth of any company. The more visible you are to your target market, the easier it will be to attract potential customers and start making money.
Graham is a South African web designer, specializing in the designing of websites, logos and SEO services to help your company grow and grow.


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Benefits of Mobile for Facility Managers: Time Saved, Faster Response
Part 2 of a 4-part cover story on how facility managers are making use of mobile technology to create efficiencies.
By Greg Zimmerman, Executive Editor Facilities Management
OTHER PARTS OF THIS ARTICLEPt. 1: Facility Managers Use Mobile Technology To Access Information Anywhere, Be More EfficientPt. 2: This PagePt. 3: SIDEBAR: How To Focus on Mobile SecurityPt. 4: SIDEBAR: How Mobile And the Building Internet of Things (IoT) Are Complementary
Labor efficiency — or simply time saved — is another key metric and benefit of using mobile technology effectively. Time saved by using CMMS on mobile is one of the most-cited advantages of mobile technology — indeed, 73 percent of respondents to the BOM survey said mobile technology helped improve work-order response time and tracking, and 62 percent said it improved workflow and reduced work order redundancy.
Strazdas is the poster child for using mobile for work orders. He's spent the last several years implementing a process of creating BIM models for all his buildings, and then, with some cooperation between vendors, tying the BIM models to his CMMS and making it all available on tablets.
"In essence, we bring a library room full of books directly to our technicians' iPads," he says. "The travel time is cut significantly." That's because the technicians can do their research on their tablets directly in front of a piece of equipment, not have to travel back and forth to get information from a computer, or worse, maintenance manual. "A computer in the shop did OK for awhile," he says.
"Now the shop computer is in their tool box vis-à-vis their iPads. All the information in the library is scanned, and the iPads include all the applications they need."
One thing to keep in mind, Strazdas says, is that the more information you make available, the easier you need to make it to find what you're looking for. "How do you find the needle in the haystack on this little device?" he says. "Make sure the information is easily retrieved." Strazdas created a standard "home page" on the iPads that includes links to all the technicians' favorite applications, and a search engine to search BIM information.
Strazdas says that in the first year of measuring reduced time on work orders, labor efficiency improved 15 percent, with a savings of $524,000.
Remelius also has his staff use tablets for his maintenance and work orders, and speed of response is certainly a benefit for him, too. "Cuts out a lot of time," he says. "The technician is standing there with an iPad and can look at a chiller or pump and tell it to go on or off. You can tap your tablet and watch a damper open and close and see if the temperature changes up- or downstream. Maintenance has become real time."
Remelius says another advantage of the tablets is that, with 10 buildings spread out over the school district, it's much easier to keep track of where his technicians are and what they're doing.
"It's the idea of accountability," Remelius says. "If mechanics are lone cowboys driving around in their trucks doing whatever they want to do, you don't need that. You don't need someone driving from building to building. Windshield time is expensive."
While facility staff might at first balk if they feel like Big Brother is watching, Remelius says the way you overcome resistance to this hesitation specifically, but to mobile technology more generally, is simply to prove to staff how it makes their jobs easier.
"It's actually faster to use the CMMS app on the mobile device than on a laptop," he says. Show the technicians how it's simpler, and you can overcome some of the resistance to switching to mobile, he says. "The fact of the matter is that most people have smart phones, and so with the exception of one or two guys, the technology was something they were already using."
But for those who aren't familiar, a simple way to overcome resistance is to assure proper training — to demystify the technology.
"You don't want to create a foreign culture," says Strazdas. "If you shift quickly to a process that is too foreign, you might as well put that device on a shelf." The goal, he says, is to mimic as much as possible the previous paper-based processes. "So what they see on the screen looks like what they've been using. It makes it more comfortable."
Strazdas says one of the keys to implementation for him was finding a group of "peer champions" among his technicians. "We have a bunch of people who love technology," he says. "We selected a few people geeked up at the technology, had them sit at lunch tables and show their buddies. It was more peer training and peer pressure than top down." Again, he says, the important thing is showing how that helps them, not causes them more work.
Mobile and Job Security
If all else fails, the silver bullet is showing them how a failure to learn mobile technology makes them obsolete. Some may worry that implementation of fancy mobile technology in their organizations will wind up putting them out of a job. After assuring them the facility department won't be run by robots anytime soon, you can show them how learning and using the latest and greatest is actually saving their jobs, not replacing them. "If you don't figure this out, you're going to work your way out of a job," says Strazdas. "It takes initiative, it takes guts."
Tetrault agrees: "As FMs, we need to embrace this to improve our overall operations." He says the biggest source of resistance to moving to mobile in his organization has been the fact that the technicians are responsible for the cost of an iPad if they break it. But he says they've only broken one in five years, so it's a resistance that quickly melted away.
For Remelius, mobile technology is simply a non-negotiable core competency of facility management now. "Our guys are figuring out that it's part of the job, just like wrenches and tool belts."
And that's especially true as buildings become increasingly complex, smart, and technology-based. Managing this new era of buildings with the new era of mobile technology is only natural.
"Always look at what the leading edge is," says Morgan. "As we move to an IT, metrics-based world, you need to take a holistic technology approach." What he means is using mobile technology to create synergies, making a mobile device a one-stop shop to control the BAS, HVAC, lighting, security, and everything else."Anything that can be integrated into one platform, we should be all about that," he says.
Strazdas agrees: "Buildings are more intelligent, and buildings are functioning and communicating as a system," he says. "So you have to understand and appreciate how systems are interconnected. It's another reason for the ability to have access to more information."
And that's the whole rub: Easier access to information means easier and more efficient action on that information. And those are benefits any facility manager would be silly to miss.
"We have to find ways to do more with less," says Strazdas. "This is a clear path for doing that."
Email comments and questions to greg.zimmerman@tradepress.com.
Continue Reading: COVER STORY: Mobile FM Technology
Facility Managers Use Mobile Technology To Access Information Anywhere, Be More Efficient
SIDEBAR: How To Focus on Mobile Security
SIDEBAR: How Mobile And the Building Internet of Things (IoT) Are Complementary
posted on 3/7/2016 Article Use Policy


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Q: What is a linear / angular deflection in OpenCASCADE's Incremental Mesh? Lately I've been using OpenCASCADE (PythonOCC, to be precise) for some CAD operations, including meshing shapes, and stumbled upon this class:
BRepMesh_IncrementalMesh.
I didn't find any hints on what the theLinDeflection and theAngDeflection parameters mean - and would like to know more about this.
I would appreciate any reading materials / hints / explanations on this subject.

A: These parameters will tell how "close" to the original surface the mesh should be.
In the docs it's described as this:

Linear deflection limits the distance between a curve and its tessellation, whereas angular deflection limits the angle between subsequent segments in a polyline.

Please check OCCT documentation for a detailed description.


Haus 820, one of the largest event venues in Central Florida, will host its second annual New Year's Eve Party on Monday, December 31.
Haus 820's NYE experience features DJ Cory Barron, full bar (beer provided by Brew Hub), food trucks, photo booth, balloon drop with a champagne toast, and a trolley service running from 6 p.m. to 3 a.m. 🚋.
Beginning at 6:00 p.m., the night kicks off with complimentary trolley service for a special New Year's Eve transit route, creating a giant, connected pub crawl through Dixieland and Downtown Lakeland. Partners offering exclusive discounts to Haus 820 guests from 6 to 10 p.m. include Cob & Pen, Nineteen61, Red Door, Swan Brewing, Tsunami Sushi, Taco Bus, Pita Pit, and Palace Pizza.
The NYE Party at Haus 820 begins at 10 p.m. and goes until 2 a.m., with trolley service available until 3 a.m. With your event wristband, you'll receive access to the trolleys, which will connect from the Downtown and Dixieland route to Haus 820, so you can arrive as the party starts at 10 p.m.
Haus 820 has partnered with Brew Hub to provide guests with local brews, and Cob & Pen will provide full-bar service. All party guests will receive one free drink on the Haus as well as a complimentary midnight champagne toast and balloon drop sponsored by the Lakeland Magic. All guests also will receive a free ticket to the first Lakeland Magic game of 2019.
Pre-sale general admission tickets start at $45 and VIP tickets (which include unlimited drinks at Haus 820) are $110. Reserve your ticket today at haus820nye.com. Must be 21+ to attend. Cheers to 2019!
For updates and details follow the Facebook Event!


text:
You have searched for "tariffs"
01 Jun 2010 | 12:00 AM
Brazil slash import tariffs for duration of World Cup
RIO DE JANEIRO: Brazil's government slashed import tariffs slapped on beer cans to avoid shortages of the beverage during the World Cup in South Africa.
Brazil didn't mess up Games, nor did it make most of them
RIO DE JANEIRO (Reuters) - As the Olympic hoardings are taken down in Rio de Janeiro and the Carnival atmosphere subsides, there is relief that cash-strapped Brazil avoided making a mess of the Games but also a nagging suspicion it did not make the most of them either.
McLaren shareholders have rejected bids, not looking to sell
WOKING, England (Reuters) - Shareholders in McLaren's Formula One team and luxury sports car sister company are committed to both businesses and have turned down bids from prospective buyers, the CEO of the brand's automotive firm told Reuters on Friday.
29 Jun 2017 | 11:59 PM
Post-Brexit UK must try to influence EU car rules, McLaren Automotive says
CHICHESTER, England (Reuters) - Britain must try to retain an influence over EU car rules after Brexit as any divergence in vehicle standards would add to local manufacturers' costs, sports carmaker McLaren Automotive said on Thursday, in the latest business warning to the government.
26 Jul 2017 | 8:21 PM
Brexit - All bets are off for Irish horse racing industry
KILDARE, Ireland (Reuters) - Irish racehorse trainers and breeders fear a Brexit that impedes the free movement of animals could threaten its success on the track and position as Europe's largest producer of thoroughbreds.
14 Jun 2018 | 5:07 AM
Seen through 2018 lens, 'NAFTA World Cup' in 2026 is, well, awkward
(Reuters) - It was quickly dubbed the "NAFTA World Cup" on social media, but football fans and observers could not help seeing Wednesday's news that the United States, Mexico and Canada will jointly host the 2026 World Cup through the lens of border walls, tariffs and Trump.
Mexico Delivers a Message of Solidarity, Without a Mention of Trump
MEXICO CITY — The subtext was hard to miss.


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The Asia-Pacific Investigations Review 2016
India - A Guide To Conducting Internal Investigations In India
Srijoy Das, Siddharth Seshan and Disha Mohanty
Archer & Angel
Internal investigations into corporate compliance issues have become commonplace for global companies with a presence in India. Such internal investigations usually follow complaints pertaining to accounting irregularities, improper payments or benefits to customers or government employees, allegations of bribery of public officials in order to conduct or enhance business, employee misconduct or any activity in the course of business which may bring disrepute to the company's name or cause financial harm to the company, etc. Investigations have become indispensable as they serve as a handy tool for strengthening compliance programmes, keeping a check on vendors and determining their performance. The findings in an investigation can also be utilised to improve training of employees and vendors on an ongoing basis.
This chapter aims to provide a basic overview of the process of conducting internal investigations in India and the precautions to be taken by companies when collating information and disseminating such information to third parties. It also aims to throw some light on the aspect of privileged communications with attorneys during the investigation process, the remedial steps usually opted for by companies after completion of investigation, and the issue of disclosure requirements existing in the country.
Triggers for an internal investigation
Internal investigations are usually launched pursuant to complaints being lodged by whistleblowers on the company's anonymous reporting hotline, a red flag in acquisition due diligence, or information provided by a company employee. In India, the most common complaints relate to kickbacks being taken by company employees while allotting tenders or favouring a family member's enterprise to the detriment of the employer company.
It is pertinent to note that while India does have a legislation to prevent victimisation of whistleblowers, namely, the Whistle Blowers Protection Act, 2011, the legislation is meant to establish a mechanism to receive complaints relating to disclosure on any allegation of corruption or wilful misuse of power or wilful misuse of discretion against any public servant and the protection of such whistleblowers. However, the protection afforded to whistleblowers is not applicable to information provided within a private organisation.
One of the first issues that an investigation must address is the collection of information such as emails and documents for ascertaining the veracity of complaints and taking appropriate action based on the data collected. In the course of collection of such information, the company is bound to also take into account personal data of employees that may be disclosed during the course of employment.
The company needs to exercise extreme caution when processing such personal information because sections 43-A and 72-A of the Information Technology Act, 2000 (the IT Act) penalise companies for (i) negligence in implementing and maintaining reasonable security practices and procedures in relation to sensitive personal data or information, and (ii) disclosure of information in breach of a lawful contract, or without obtaining the information provider's consent.
Further, the Information Technology (Reasonable Security Practices and Procedures and Sensitive Personal Data or Information) Rules, 2011 (the Data Protection Rules) framed under the IT Act prescribe reasonable security practices and procedures that must be adopted by companies. The collection, use and transfer of sensitive personal data or information or personal information during an internal investigation would trigger a range of data protection requirements for a company under the Data Protection Rules.
These requirements include obligations to: (i) ensure that there is a legitimate purpose to collect and use such data, (ii) provide sufficient privacy notice to the affected employees, (iii) obtain prior consent of the affected employees (assuming data is either sensitive personal data or information or personal information (defined below), and (iv) maintain reasonable measures to protect the security and confidentiality of such data.
Data and information that is protected under the Data Protection Rules
The Data Protection Rules protect and prescribe certain obligations in respect of two classes of information: (i) personal information, which includes any information that relates to a natural person, which directly or indirectly, is capable of identifying a person; and (ii) a smaller subset of personal information known as sensitive personal data or information, which is information relating to passwords, financial information, health information, sexual orientation, medical records and biometric information.
Legal obligations to be followed for collection and use of sensitive personal data or information and personal information during an internal investigation
The company must ensure the following:
Prior consent: the company must obtain the prior consent of the employee regarding purpose of usage of the employee's sensitive personal data or information. Consent may be obtained in writing by letter, fax, email or by any other mode of electronic communication.
Lawful purpose: sensitive personal data or information or personal information should be collected only if required for a lawful purpose, and if collection of such information is necessary. An internal company investigation satisfies this condition.
Other obligations: the company must (i) take reasonable steps to ensure that its employee knows that his or her sensitive personal data or information is being collected, (ii) inform the employee of the purpose of collecting such information, including the fact that such information may be transferred to the company's outside counsel and accounting firm, and (iii) use sensitive personal data or information only for the purpose of the investigation, and must not retain the information for a longer period than is required.
Typically, companies either incorporate a provision in the employment agreement or employee handbooks which states that employees should keep their personal use of computer, telephone, fax, copying, and mail services to a minimum and that the company cannot guarantee the privacy of documents and messages stored in company-owned files, desks, storage areas, or electronic media.
Requirements that must be followed by company under the Data Protection Rules
A company handling sensitive personal data or information is required to provide a privacy policy. The privacy policy must, among other things, outline the type of information collected, purpose for collection of information, disclosure policy and security practices and procedures followed. The privacy policy must be made available to information providers such as employees, and is required to be published on company's website.
A company must also appoint a grievance officer to address grievances of its information providers, including employees and must publish the name and contact details of such grievance officer on its website. The grievance officer is duty bound to address grievances within one month.
Companies are required to implement reasonable security practices and procedures that are commensurate with the information assets being protected. Reasonable security practices and procedures are defined as standards that may be either: (i) agreed to between the parties (ie, between the data controller and data subject), or (ii) specified in a law.
Data Protection Rules prescribe International Standards (IS/ISO/IEC 27001) as one such standard, which could be implemented by a company. The standards must also be audited by independent auditors approved by the central government. An audit must be undertaken at least once a year, or as and when there is a significant upgrade of processes and computer resources.
Processing the information
Disclosure of sensitive personal data or information to third parties, including external legal counsel and accounting firm requires the employee's prior consent, unless either: (i) disclosure has been already agreed to in the employee's employment contract, or (ii) disclosure is necessary for compliance with the company's legal obligation.
The exception to this rule is where either: (i) disclosure must be made to government agencies mandated under law to obtain information for certain purposes, or (ii) a court order requires such disclosure to be made.
Recipients of sensitive personal data or information, however, are prohibited from disclosing the information further, and must ensure the same level of data protection that is being followed by the disclosing company.
'Privilege' with respect to communications
Section 126 of the Evidence Act 1872, prohibits barristers or attorneys from disclosing to a third party (i) any communication made to them by clients, (ii) any documents they came upon for the purpose of their professional engagement, and (iii) any advice given to clients, unless clients expressly consent to the disclosure. Therefore, companies enjoy a right to privilege with respect to information disclosed or documents provided to external legal counsel for the purposes of an internal investigation.
However, this section also provides certain exceptional grounds when such privilege cannot be invoked. This would include any communication made in furtherance of any illegal purpose or facts coming to the knowledge of the attorney showing that either crime or fraud has been committed since the commencement of the attorney's employment on the concerned matter. It is immaterial whether the attention of such attorney was or was not directed to such fact by or on behalf of his or her client.
Section 126, however, does not confer privilege on in-house lawyers. This stems from the fact that while the Advocates Act 1961 defines 'advocate' as an advocate entered in any roll under the provisions of that Act, Rule 49 (part VI, chapter II, section VII) of the Bar Council of India Rules, states that an advocate shall not be a full-time salaried employee of any person, government, firm, corporation or concern, so long as he or she continues to practise and shall, on taking up any such employment intimate the fact to the Bar Council on whose roll his or her name appears, and shall thereupon cease to practise as an advocate so long as he or she continues in such employment.
Owing to these Rules, in-house counsel are obligated to surrender their Bar Council registration once they become full-time salaried employees of an organisation and it could be argued that after such surrender, the right to privilege conferred on advocates by section 126 of the Evidence Act 1872 ceases to be applicable to them. The Supreme Court in the case of Satish Kumar Sharma v Bar Council of Himachal Pradesh touched upon this topic and held that if a full-time employee is not pleading on behalf of his or her employer, or if terms of employment are such that he or she does not have to act or plead but is required to do other kinds of functions, then he or she ceases to be an advocate. The latter is then a mere employee of the body corporate.
However, the Bombay High Court had, in the case of Municipal Corporation of Greater Bombay v Vijay Metal Works come to a contrary conclusion and held that salaried employees who advise their employers on legal matters would get the same protection as barristers or attorneys under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, provided that the communication between them is not made in furtherance of any illegal purpose. While this judgment extends legal privilege to in-house lawyers, however, the law on this subject is far from being settled and it is likely that another court may, in future, take a different view.
Therefore, in order to ascertain whether any communication between client and in-house counsel is privileged, it would first have to be determined whether the in-house counsel is a full-time salaried employee and whether the advice sought from such counsel was in legal or executive capacity. Therefore, caution should be exercised when in-house lawyers exchange details of an investigation with other company employees.
From a practical perspective though, companies usually insert a confidentiality clause in the employment contract of an in-house counsel to afford protection to any information disclosed to such counsel during the course of his or her employment, which usually serves as an effective deterrent. Any disclosure made by in-house counsel in contravention of such a clause would amount to breach of contract, for which the company can claim damages.
Recognition of litigation hold notices under Indian law
Indian law is silent on this point and there is nothing in statute books or case law for or against this practice. Litigation hold notices, however, have been used in India-focused investigations, usually before commencement of the investigation to ensure the preservation of files and documents, including electronic records that are material to the investigation.
The flip-side of serving such notice is that the investigation loses the element of surprise, and gives suspected employees sufficient time to calibrate their responses to the investigation.
Legal obligation to report commission of offences to government authorities on a case-by-case basis
The obligation to report to government authorities is determined on a case-by-case basis having regard to the specific nature of the offence committed, and the corresponding Indian statute that has been violated as a result of the wrongdoing.
Anti-corruption investigations, for instance, that probe allegations of improper payments made by company employees to government officials, to either obtain or retain business, may reveal violation of India's anti-corruption legislation, the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 (POCA), apart from any other foreign anti-corruption legislation that might be applicable to the company.
In this regard, sections 161 through 165A of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (IPC) had, previously, cast an obligation upon any person, including companies, to report the commission of bribery related offences to the local police. However, sections 161 through 165A of the IPC were repealed pursuant to the coming into force of the POCA. The POCA, however, has no such similar provisions and does not obligate a company to report commission of any bribery-related offences to the local police.
Listed companies, however, must check their disclosure obligations in accordance with the listing agreement signed with the stock exchange.
Monitoring the investigation
The appointment of an authority to oversee the investigation process would depend on the scale and magnitude of the allegations. For instance, the in-house legal department of a company can be entrusted with the responsibility of investigating allegations that are not of a grave nature.
To undertake a truly robust and independent investigation, a company may seek the involvement of outside counsel that has not previously represented the company. Preferred outside counsel who have been engaged in the past by the company may be used for this purpose too, unless their objectivity could be brought into question given their past relations with the company.
The authority chosen to oversee the investigation should be impartial and document all proceedings thoroughly, interview the accused and the whistleblower, if possible, and any other witnesses to aid the investigation and prepare a detailed report to enable requisite corrective action.
Remediation steps
Where an employee is found guilty of misconduct after conducting an internal investigation, proper procedure would have to be followed before taking any disciplinary action against such employee. The employee usually cannot be summarily dismissed and services cannot be terminated solely on the basis of the outcome of the investigation.
First, a preliminary enquiry or fact-finding enquiry should be carried out by the management or disciplinary authority to determine whether misconduct has been committed by the employee (the fact-finding done during the internal investigation can also be used for this purpose but not in all cases). This should be followed by issuance of a charge-sheet (if management is satisfied about the act of misconduct) to the employee with details of the accusation made against him or her, to which the employee may respond in writing.
Typically, an enquiry officer should also be appointed, if the management is not satisfied. Such officer is expected to conduct the enquiry in an impartial, unbiased, fair way with an open mind. This may be followed by appointment of a presenting officer to present the case of management. The employee should be informed about enquiry proceedings and given the necessary details.
The presenting officer thereafter should examine the evidence and witnesses and the employee should have the right to cross-examine as well. The employee should also have the right to bring witnesses supporting his or her stand, who can be cross-examined. After submission of evidence, the enquiry officer should submit a report with all the enquiry proceedings to the management, a copy of which should then be forwarded by the management to the employee.
If management decides to impose any punishment, it typically issues a show cause notice to the employee and a decision is taken after the employee tenders his or her response. Appeal against the decision of punishment passed by the management may lie to an appellate authority (who may be the chairman). Adoption of a detailed process in line with principles of natural justice is recommended as it prevents the possibility of the employee challenging the punishment at a later stage.
In the event an individual is found guilty of malpractice or misconduct such as receiving kickbacks in the course of business, he or she can be prosecuted under the provisions of the Indian Penal Code 1860 on charges of fraud, cheating, forgery or criminal misappropriation, as the case may be.
Even if a company has sufficient evidence of an employee's wrongdoing, given the pro-labour sentiment in the country, it is best to adopt a cautious approach when terminating such employee's service. There are two options for cessation of employment: resignation and termination of non-workman employees.
This option is often more suitable and preferable for the company as a voluntary resignation by employee helps in avoiding any dispute at a later stage by the resigning employee on the ground of illegal termination as employees cannot claim later that they were wrongfully terminated. The company must prepare and maintain proper documentation such as (i) a resignation letter, (ii) its acceptance (iii) release of claims by employees, (iv) a relieving letter, and (v) receipt of severance or termination payments by the employee, in order to avoid any future dispute.
Termination (involuntary)
If the employee does not resign voluntarily, the company can terminate the services of the employee immediately either by giving him or her a notice or payment in lieu thereof as mentioned in their respective contracts. Since this termination is involuntary, the employee may contest his or her termination by filing a complaint in a court, tribunal or with the labour authorities. Such proceedings generally are drawn out and cumbersome. Further, sometimes termination of employees may lead to unruly scenes in the organisation as employees become emotional upon losing their jobs. The higher the number of terminations, the greater the chances are of a complaint being filed with the courts or labour department by the terminated employees on the basis of unfair or illegal termination. Even in case of termination of employment, the company will have to make all the legitimate payments to the employees. The company should also try to secure the release and receipt of payment made to the employees.
Prevalence of the deferred prosecution agreement (DPA) in line with the practice followed by regulators in the US and UK
A DPA is an understanding that is reached between prosecutors and corporate entities that allows prosecutors to suspend criminal prosecutions, provided the organisation meets certain specified conditions which may include disgorging profits, paying a fine, compensating victims, cooperating in any prosecution of individuals and implementing compliance programmes. India, however, does not have any equivalent provision in its domestic laws. Therefore, this option is not available to Indian companies.
The Indian government, however, has from time to time come out with certain amnesty schemes, most notably, the Black Money Disclosure Scheme, Service Tax Evasion Amnesty Schemes, etc, that have provided amnesty to companies and individuals (ie, provided protection against prosecution), subject to certain conditions, including full disclosure of the wrongdoing, payment of unpaid taxes and penalties, etc.
While internal investigations go a long way in checking malpractices within an organisation and foster transparency, companies, in their zeal of collecting evidence of potential wrongdoing, need to be wary of crossing the line and ending up on the wrong side of law themselves. A structured investigation process is very effective in checking commercial malpractices within an organisation and serving as a deterrent against future instances of corruption. This tool continues to be extremely useful in the Indian scenario where there exists no separate statute to deal with corporate misconduct and corruption is entrenched in the system, although this is changing slowly.
Practitioner Insight
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Forensic Accountancy
Managing Multi-Jurisdictional Investigations
Australia: Internal Investigations
China: Cartel Investigations
China: Internal Investigations
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Myanmar: Anti-Corruption Compliance
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text:
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A Vanessa Pierson Novel
Publisher: Penguin Group (USA)
Series: Vanessa Pierson
Genre: Mystery & Thriller, Suspense
Author: Valerie Plame
Read by: Negin Farsad
By Valerie Plame
Covert CIA ops officer Vanessa Pierson is finally close to capturing the world's most dangerous international nuclear arms dealer: Bhoot, alias the ghost. One of her assets has information about Bhoot's upcoming visit to a secret underground nuclear weapons facility in Iran. But just as Pierson's informant is about to give her the location, they're ambushed by an expert sniper. Pierson narrowly escapes. Her asset: dead. Desperate to capture Bhoot and the sniper, Pierson enlists all of the Agency's resources to find them. But with each day, the pressure of the manhunt mounts, causing her to push her forbidden romance with a fellow ops officer to its limit when she asks him to do the impossible.
Blowback is a stunning debut novel by former CIA agent Valerie Plame and suspense writer Sarah Lovett - a thriller rich with international intrigue and details of spycraft and secret ops that only an insider could bring to the genre. It's a well-told tale of high stakes and lives on the line, starring a brilliant, edgy protagonist I can't wait to see more of. A powerful read., Linda Fairstein
Great storytelling, real insider authenticity, and above all a fascinating main character in Vanessa Pierson. And maybe those initials are not a coincidence - sometimes fiction can reveal things that nonfiction can't., Lee Child
Want to read a thriller about the real CIA and how it actually works? Then dive into this corker from former agent Valerie Plame and Sarah Lovett., James Patterson
Plame and Lovett have hit a home run in their fiction debut. The opening scenes of Blowback are filled with a shattering realism that only someone like Plame, who has walked the walk and talked the talk, could inspire. Vanessa Pierson is a flesh-and-blood field operative whose life literally depends on not really trusting anyone, not even those on her side. Action aplenty, what sets this story apart from many of its kind are the insights into Pierson's (and Plame's) mind and the nuanced details that really matter in the world of intelligence operations. Blowback is an outstanding addition to the thriller genre and ushers in a writing team that I hope will enthrall us for years to come., David Baldacci
Blowback is one wild ride, a riveting cat-and-mouse game set within the world of international terrorism, covert operations, blackmarket WMDs, and brutal assassinations. Plame and Lovett know their stuff cold and have written a realistic, vivid, fast moving story full of shocking twists and unexpected turns. This is truly an epic thriller - the first in what promises to be a fantastic series. I highly recommend it., Douglas Preston, , #1 NYT bestselling Author of The Monster of Florence
The Sisters Brothers


HelpSystems is a leading provider of systems and network management, business intelligence, and security and compliance solutions. Our software reduces data center costs by improving operational control and delivery of IT services.
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text:
Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/cje/issued/v37y2004i3p613-628.html
Aggregation effects on price and expenditure elasticities in a quadratic almost ideal demand system
Frank Denton
Dean Mountain
Frank Trevor Denton
Dean Clarence Mountain
While it is well known that demand elasticities calculated at the macro level will in general differ from those calculated at the micro level because of aggregation effects, there remain the questions of how large the effects are and how they vary with the degree of inequality in the income distribution. We explore these questions with models based on a quadratic version of the Almost Ideal Demand System. We investigate the elasticity differences theoretically and then calibrate the models and generate numerical results, using income data for seven countries with widely different distributions. The aggregation effects are found generally to be rather small, even with highly unequal income distributions.
Frank Denton & Dean Mountain, 2004. "Aggregation effects on price and expenditure elasticities in a quadratic almost ideal demand system," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 37(3), pages 613-628, August.
Handle: RePEc:cje:issued:v:37:y:2004:i:3:p:613-628
File URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/3696008
Download Restriction: only available to JSTOR subscribers
Frank T. Denton & Dean C. Mountain, 2002. "Aggregation Effects on Price and Expenditure Elasticities in a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System," Quantitative Studies in Economics and Population Research Reports 374, McMaster University.
Stoker, Thomas M, 1984. "Completeness, Distribution Restrictions, and the Form of Aggregate Functions," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 52(4), pages 887-907, July.
Stoker, Thomas M, 1993. "Empirical Approaches to the Problem of Aggregation Over Individuals," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 31(4), pages 1827-1874, December.
James Banks & Richard Blundell & Arthur Lewbel, 1997. "Quadratic Engel Curves And Consumer Demand," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 79(4), pages 527-539, November.
Lewbel, Arthur, 1990. "Income distribution movements and aggregate money illusion," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1-2), pages 35-42.
Blundell, Richard & Pashardes, Panos & Weber, Guglielmo, 1993. "What Do We Learn About Consumer Demand Patterns from Micro Data?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 83(3), pages 570-597, June.
Arthur Lewbel, 1992. "Aggregation with Log-Linear Models," Review of Economic Studies, Oxford University Press, vol. 59(3), pages 635-642.
Lewbel, Arthur, 1991. "The Rank of Demand Systems: Theory and Nonparametric Estimation," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 59(3), pages 711-730, May.
O'Higgins, Michael & Schmaus, Guenther & Stephenson, Geoffrey, 1989. "Income Distribution and Redistribution: A Microdata Analysis for Seven Countries," Review of Income and Wealth, International Association for Research in Income and Wealth, vol. 35(2), pages 107-131, June.
Denton, Frank T & Mountain, Dean C & Spencer, Byron G, 1999. "Age, Trend, and Cohort Effects in a Macro Model of Canadian Expenditure Patterns," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 17(4), pages 430-443, October.
Deaton, Angus S & Muellbauer, John, 1980. "An Almost Ideal Demand System," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 70(3), pages 312-326, June.
Denton, Frank T. & Mountain, Dean C., 2001. "Income distribution and aggregation/disaggregation biases in the measurement of consumer demand elasticities," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 73(1), pages 21-28, October.
repec:bla:revinw:v:35:y:1989:i:2:p:107-131 is not listed on IDEAS
Stoker, Thomas M, 1986. "Simple Tests of Distributional Effects on Macroeconomic Equations," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 94(4), pages 763-795, August.
Frank T. Denton & Dean C. Mountain, 2011. "Aggregation and Other Biases in the Calculation of Consumer Elasticities for Models of Arbitrary Rank," Quantitative Studies in Economics and Population Research Reports 447, McMaster University.
Bente Halvorsen & Bodil M. Larsen, 2006. "Aggregation with price variation and heterogeneity across consumers," Discussion Papers 489, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
Frank T. Denton & Dean C. Mountain, 2007. "Exploring the Effects of Aggregation Error in the Estimation of Consumer Demand Elasticities," Social and Economic Dimensions of an Aging Population Research Papers 226, McMaster University.
Frank T. Denton & Dean C. Mountain, 2016. "Biases in consumer elasticities based on micro and aggregate data: an integrated framework and empirical evaluation," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 50(2), pages 531-560, March.
Bente Halvorsen & Bodil M. Larsen, 2013. "How serious is the aggregation problem? An empirical illustration," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(26), pages 3786-3794, September.
repec:eee:telpol:v:40:y:2016:i:1:p:22-38 is not listed on IDEAS
Bente Halvorsen & Bodil M. Larsen, 2008. "The Role of Heterogeneous Demand for Temporal and Structural Aggregation Bias," Discussion Papers 537, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
Zhang, Aihua & Lv, Jia & Kong, Ying, 2017. "The Effects of the Internet and Mobile Services on Urban Household Expenditures," 14th ITS Asia-Pacific Regional Conference, Kyoto 2017: Mapping ICT into Transformation for the Next Information Society 168554, International Telecommunications Society (ITS).
Ingvild Almas, 2012. "International Income Inequality: Measuring PPP Bias by Estimating Engel Curves for Food," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 102(2), pages 1093-1117, April.
Ingvild Almås, 2010. "International Income Inequality: Measuring PPP Bias by Estimating Engel Curves for Food," CESifo Working Paper Series 3247, CESifo Group Munich.
Denton, Frank T. & Mountain, Dean C., 2011. "Exploring the effects of aggregation error in the estimation of consumer demand elasticities," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 1747-1755, July.
Frank Denton & Dean Mountain, 2014. "The implications of mean scaling for the calculation of aggregate consumer elasticities," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 12(3), pages 297-314, September.
Frank Denton & Dean Mountain & Byron Spencer, 2006. "Age, Retirement, and Expenditure Patterns: An Econometric Study of Older Households," Atlantic Economic Journal, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 34(4), pages 421-434, December.
Bente Halvorsen, 2006. "When can micro properties be used to predict aggregate demand?," Discussion Papers 452, Statistics Norway, Research Department.
C30 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - General
D10 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - General
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cje:issued:v:37:y:2004:i:3:p:613-628. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: (Prof. Werner Antweiler). General contact details of provider: http://edirc.repec.org/data/ceaaaea.html .


text:
Q: Saving multiple figures in a specific folder in Matlab I have 13 figures named like figure(1), figure(2)... so on.
I want to save all the figure at once in a specific folder D:\figures. I tried this.. What went wrong?
for i=1:1:13
 saveas(figure(1),fullfile('D:\figures\',['figure' num2str(1) '.jpeg']));
end

A: You're not using your loop-variable inside your loop...
Replace your 1 with i:
for i=1:1:13
 saveas(figure(i),fullfile('D:\figures\',['figure' num2str(i) '.jpeg']));
end


text:
Микола Павлович Потькало (нар. 11 жовтня 1940, с. Богданівка, Новосанжарський район, Полтавська область — 24 травня 2012) — журналіст, прозаїк, публіцист, редактор, член Національної спілки журналістів України з 1974 року, член Соціалістичної партії України.

Біографія
Народився 11 жовтня 1940, у селі Богданівка. Закінчив Кустолівську загальноосвітню  школу І-ІІІ ступенів.

У 1960-х роках почав писати до багатотиражних газет Новосанжарського району. У 1967 році працював у Машівській районній газеті, спочатку-кореспондентом, а потім — завідувачем сільськогосподарського відділу, заступнником редактора, редактором.

Навчався у Вищій партійній школі України. Згодом, після закінчення Полтавського сільськогосподарського інституту займає посаду редактора Лохвицької районної газети «Зоря». Пізніше — власний кореспондент газети «Зоря Полтавщини». У середині 1990-х рр. завідувач корпункту газети «Полтавщина».

У 2004 році — керівник Богданівської первинної партійної організації Соціалістичної партії України.

Помер 24 травня 2012 року.

Кар'єра

 Випусковий багатотиражної газети «Червоний прапор» (смт.Нові Санжари, Полтавська обл.)

 Завідувач відділом сільського господарства редакції «Колгоспні вісті» (смт.Машівка, Полтавська обл.)

 Редактор районної газети «Колгоспні вісті» (смт. Машівка, Полтавська обл.)

 Редактор районної газети «Зоря»(м.Лохвиця, Полтавська обл.)

 Завідувач корпунктом газети «Полтавщина» (м.Полтава)

 Власний кореспондент по Новосанжарському, Кобеляцькому, Козельщинському, Глобинському районах газети «Зоря Полтавщини» (м. Полтава)

Відзнаки

 Лауреат республіканської журналістської премії «Золоте перо» 1982 року;

 Лауреат Полтавської обласної журналістської премії імені Г. Ф. Яценка за матеріали, опубліковані 1981 року;

 Член Національної спілки журналістів України з 1974 року.

Творчий доробок

 Потькало М. Колиска його долі / М.Потькало // Комсомолець Полтавщини, 1980, 11 листопада. – С. 3.
 Потькало М. Зниклий депутат: Фейлетон / Микола Потькало // Зоря Полтавщини. — 2004. — 24 берез.
Потькало, М. Син полку / М. Потькало // Зоря Полтавщини.– 2011. – 4 серп. – С. 2.

Джерела

 Петро Жаботинський. Новосанжарщина: історичний довідник.-Полтава: ПФ «Форміка»,2006.-184с
 Володимир Мокляк. Літературна Новосанжарщина: довідник.-Полтава: ТОВ"АСМІ",20013.-72с.

Примітки

Українські журналісти
Українські прозаїки
Українські публіцисти
Українські редактори
Члени НСЖУ
Члени Соціалістичної партії України
Випускники Полтавської аграрної академії
Уродженці Новосанжарського району
Померли в Полтавській області

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Microsoft has released yet another bug fix update for Fast Ring Insiders running Windows 10 Insider Preview build 10074. The update address crash issues in "Project Spartan" and fixes a bug in the Windows Start menu.
This is the second update rolled out for Windows 10 build 10074, and follows the KB3061161 update which was released last week with various bug fixes, along with support for the Dolby Digital Plus codec.
Project Spartan crashes when attempting to open it on some devices.
The Start menu appears when features of the work area, such as the screen resolution, DPI setting, or screen rotation, are changed. This can occur when running apps, such as games, that open in full-screen. These apps then crash when pressing the Alt+Tab keys.
Those running Windows 10 build 10074 can obtain the KB3061161 update by heading to Settings > Windows Update and clicking Check for updates.


MySQL Shell searches the following paths for these files (in order of execution).
The lists above also define the order of searching the paths, so if something is defined in two different scripts, the script executed later takes precedence.
The environment variable MYSQLSH_HOME, used in option 2, defines the root folder of a standard setup of MySQL Shell. If MYSQLSH_HOME is not defined it is automatically calculated based on the location of the MySQL Shell binary, therefore on many standard setups it is not required to define MYSQLSH_HOME.
If MYSQLSH_HOME is not defined and the MySQL Shell binary is not in a standard install folder structure, then the path defined in option 3 in the above lists is used. If using a standard install or if MYSQLSH_HOME points to a standard install folder structure, then the path defined in option 3 is not used.
The user configuration path in option 4 can be overridden on all platforms by defining the environment variable MYSQLSH_USER_CONFIG_HOME. The value of this variable replaces %AppData%\MySQL\mysqlsh\ on Windows or ~/.mysqlsh/ on Unix.