This is a six page, double spaced mimeographed copy of a report that Edith B. Murray wrote about the history of education in Cape Elizabeth, Maine.
I'm reluctant to transcribe it here because I'm not familiar enough with copyright laws, and I don't know the year the paper was written. However, page 4, shown above, consists of quotes found in Cape Elizabeth municipal records, so I'm taking a chance on it. Of the rest, I'll summarize. Expect to be amused at some of the quotes.
This could have been prepared for a talk at the historical society or for a publication. It's also possible that she prepared it for a class on her teacher recertification. She was a teacher before her marriage; perhaps she took it up again when her children were grown. If she did become a teacher again, it was probably after 1930, as the Census for that year did not include an occupation for her.
She starts with Robert Bayley, "late from England", apparently the first teacher at the Cape, who was glad that he had enough books so that no more than 6 boys had to share.
The school had been set up because at that point in time Falmouth, of which Cape Elizabeth was a part, had surpassed the "fifty family" law of Massachusetts, wherein once a town had fifty or more families, a school had to be established or the town would face a fine. Mr. Bayley alternated between sites at The Neck, Back Cove, Purpooduck and Spurwink. Mrs. Murray referenced a phrase in an old diary that "Seth and Josiah were in grievous pains because of Master Bayley's teachings".
In 1765, Cape Elizabeth petitioned to be set off from Falmouth, and in 1766 the new town voted "that we raise 50 pounds for a Gramer scool; that Loring Cushing be chose scool master; that the scool be moved in those different parts of the district as the selectmen think proper".
During the Revolution, when monies had to be raised for the Cape's quotas of fighters, expenses for the school were pared to the bone. "That Long Creek shall have twenty pounds to support a school this year, and shall keep such a school as to Save the Town from a Fine. The Town is to be in three Partes (Long Creek, Purpooduck and Spurwink) and one of the other Partes is to have it the next year and have the same sum and then the other part is to have it till every part has had its turn". This system continued until the war's end.
"Voted to raise 1000 pounds for the support of schools"
"Voted that Town Treasurer Fickett be instructed as to what he shall do [with?] all the Continental Currency in his office."
"Voted that we devise some method to get relief from this burden of taxation"
Post-Revolution, new school districts were created; by 1857, there were such school districts in Cape Elizabeth, each one apparently autonomous and with an unpaid agent who arranged for two sessions: a summer session to be taught by a woman at a wage, in 1851 of $1.82, and a winter term taught by a man at a slightly higher rate of pay, who could handle the "big boys" who were able to attend in the slack time of farming.
Miss T. labored under difficulties in having an average of 58 scholars crowded in so small a space. Later the small pupils were excluded and better results were attained."
"Miss Julia Boultenhouse has eighty children in the Primary department; she has remarkable ways of interesting them while she trains their infant minds to study (1864).
"This school after dragging a miserable existence for a few weeks under Mr. X, very suddenly its lamp of light went out. It has since been trimmed and lighted by Mr. W., who keeps it bright and shining."
"Mr. F. began the school, but finding his task much more arduous than he anticipated he gradually sank beneath the burden and withdrew much to his credit."
"District #9 (Bowery Beach) was closed in advance because of its undisciplined condition."
"Some schools may make advancement with an insufficient teacher, but #11 never! A portion of the scholars in this district are too far initiated into the reckless habits of city life - the fast going of Young America. Neglect restraint, and they are ruin bound, carrying with them their parents' hopes and their teachers' reputations."
A complaint from this school became of daily occurrence; your teacher was despised and your committee was ridiculed."
"Mr. H. possessed literary qualifications, but his discipline was poor. He should not attempt to deal with the large pupils." This was a proof of the fallibility of human judgment, for this man went on to have a highly respected career in education.
"More than half the children are out of school owing to berry picking. Those who come are usually tardy, and there is more or less absence toward night."
"Good, all but the plan"
"The best in town, but could be improved."
I'm guessing that Mrs. Murray's circumspect wording in one paragraph was designed to imply that the school house in School District #9 at the south end of town, was finally awarded, in the 1880s, an appended "commodious" outhouse.
Apparently by 1857 the town was having a hard time finding an unpaid agent for a position that was requiring more and more time. "We suggest that a supervisor be employed to occupy a large part of his time to perform these duties. We advise a remuneration that would be a source of some profit, but which would not be a goal for the unscrupulous office seeker".
The author closed her report with a reference to the "faded and faintly legible handwriting" of the records of town meetings she perused during her research.
Olive Edith (Bradbury) Murray was born on 26 June 1885 in Massachusetts, the daughter of Willard J. Bradbury, born in Maine, and his wife Josephine (Wormell) Bradbury, who was born in Massachusetts.
Olive Edith's paternal grandparents were Ivory and Olive Ann (Libby) Bradbury of Hollis, Maine. I've been less successful finding out information on her maternal grandparents. The best I can figure is that Josephine's mother was Nancy, born in New Brunswick, Canada, and the matron at a Boston children's home, where Josephine herself also worked for a while.
Olive Edith Bradbury married Fred Prescott Murray, who was born 22 August 1874 in Maine, the son of William [Peabbles?] Dyer Murray and his wife Elizabeth Frances (Dyer) Murray, both born in Cape Elizabeth, Maine. Fred's paternal grandparents were Luke Libby Murray and wife Phoebe Sawyer (Dyer) Libby. His maternal grandparents were Rufus and Elizabeth (Jordan) Dyer.
I'll be writing a companion post on the genealogy of teacher Julia Boultenhouse, the "remarkable" teacher referenced in the bulleted quotes above.
If you have corrections, additions or insights regarding the information presented above, please scroll down to the comments box or contact me directly.
The Cape Elizabeth Lions are trying to pin down the date of construction of their clubhouse at 1 Wheeler Rd. It was deeded to the school District #9 in 1954 but a note in William Jordan's History of Cape Elizabeth says it was constructed in 1949. We are applying for entry on the National Registry of Historic Places and would like this information for that purpose. Would the document have any insight for us?
You'll find my email address in the right margin near the top under Inquiries. Send me an email and I'll send you images of the entire 6 page report; however, the report deals with 18th and 19th century Cape Elizabeth. Good luck with your quest!


text:
Trump's new version of the same old racist ban
The latest version of the Trump administration's Muslim travel ban is about to go into effect--but it's every bit as racist as previous ones, reports Nicole Colson.
THE TRUMP administration is back with a new anti-Muslim travel ban--and like the first two, this third version is rooted in bigotry and xenophobia. "Ban 3.0 has roughly the same grossly disproportionate impact on Muslims that Bans 1.0 and 2.0 had," Cornell law professor Michael Dorf wrote.
The latest travel ban actually affects more people than the original over time, and more severely. Instead of a 90-day ban (and a 120-day ban on refugees), Trump's latest order bars most travel from seven countries indefinitely, along with new restrictions on travel from two others.
As of October 18, most people wanting to travel from Iran, Libya, Syria, Yemen, Somalia, Chad and North Korea will be barred from entering the U.S., and some of those coming from Iraq or Venezuela will face additional security restrictions.
The ban applies in most cases to tourists, families of American residents and even people seeking medical visas--though Iranian students and those seeking business or tourist visas from Somalia may be allowed to enter the U.S. if they receive extra screening.
Donald Trump (Army Sgt. Amber I. Smith | Wikimedia Commons)
People with permanent residency status are exempt, along with those who already have visas--but visa holders will not be allowed to renew them once they expire.
TRUMP'S FIRST travel ban, signed soon after he took office, was met with outrage and large, often spontaneous, demonstrations at airports across the country that brought out thousands to stand in defense of the rights of Muslims and refugees. That tidal wave of protest and public disgust pressured the courts for decisions that put the ban on hold.
The Trump administration came back with a slightly altered but equally racist ban in March that targeted six countries instead of seven--Iraq got left off the list--all of them with populations over 90 percent Muslim.
The second ban was also put on hold by multiple federal judges on the grounds that it clearly targeted all Muslims. A decision from the 4th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals stated in May that Trump's ban "drips with religious intolerance, animus and discrimination."
Enter the Supreme Court: In June, the high court lifted previous stays on the ban, allowing the most important sections to go into effect. The ban on travel from six countries as well as the entire U.S. refugee program was upheld--but with an exception for those with "a credible claim of a bona fide relationship with a person or entity in the United States."
As Mukund Rathi wrote at SocialistWorker.org: "The Court's decision that the ban's supposed benefits to national security outweigh its possible harms is the height of imperial arrogance and cruelty: A message to people fleeing civil wars and sectarian bloodshed that have killed millions that their lives matter less than the remote chance than an American might be killed by a Muslim 'terrorist.'"
With the previous ban about to expire, the Trump administration rushed a new one into place, even before all the legal appeals of the last one were dealt with.
As Mariko Hirose, litigation director of the International Refugee Assistance Project (IRAP), said in a statement to Politico:
This case is certainly not moot for our clients and for all of those who continue to be discriminated against by this shameful order and its updated version. IRAP and our partners are not done fighting for the rights of refugees, Muslim Americans and their families. We will be back in court next week to challenge the most recent iteration of the Muslim ban. This administration should know that we will not give up until they're held accountable for their discriminatory actions.
IN THEORY, the new version of the ban will only remain in place until listed countries meet certain security requirements demanded by the Department of Homeland Security and prove they no longer have a "significant terrorist presence within their territory."
But meeting those standards will be difficult if not impossible, simply because of lack of technology in some cases.
There's also no clear understanding of what the latest ban will mean for those seeking to enter the U.S. as refugees--the latest order doesn't apply to them.
However, the Trump administration signaled to Congress recently that it will cap the total number of refugees allowed into the U.S. at 45,000 next year--the lowest number since 1980, when presidents first began setting a cap.
The cap was 110,000 during the last year of the Obama administration--and even that was woefully inadequate given the untold millions around the globe who have been forced to flee their homes as a direct result of U.S. economic and military actions in the Middle East and beyond.
Now, the addition of North Korea and Venezuela to the list of targeted countries--though with limited restrictions, especially for Venezuela--reflects Trump's current political preoccupations with the hostile, nuclear-armed regime Kim Jong-un and the legacy of left-wing governments in Venezuela.
But there is another cynical purpose to the administration's action: Providing a possible legal counter to claims that the ban is unconstitutional because it discriminates on the basis of religion by primarily targeting Muslims.
In reality, there should be no doubt about the Islamophobia at the heart of the latest ban, any more than there was in previous versions. As Anthony Romero, executive director of the American Civil Liberties Union, said in a statement:
Six of President Trump's targeted countries are Muslim. The fact that Trump has added North Korea--with few visitors to the U.S.--and a few government officials from Venezuela doesn't obfuscate the real fact that the administration's order is still a Muslim ban. President Trump's original sin of targeting Muslims cannot be cured by throwing other countries onto his enemies list.
IF VERSION 3.0 of the travel ban was really about restricting entry of people from countries with a known terrorist presence, then it would include U.S. allies like Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. The fact that the ban doesn't proves that the Trump administration's claims are as bogus now as they have been all along.
The indefinite time frame of this new action is especially troubling. "There is no light at the end of the tunnel anymore," Mirriam Seddiq, an immigration lawyer and founder of the American Muslim Women Political Action Committee, told Vox. "Before, the argument was, 'This is only 90 days; why are you freaking out?'"
Likewise, the administration's decision to separate out the issue of refugees is likely an attempt to curtail popular anger--and the threat of a repeat of the kind of mass protests that hit airports when the first ban was announced.
At those protests, hundreds--and in some cases thousands--turned out to demand that refugees and others traveling to the U.S. be allowed to enter. In some cases, lawyers and other immigrant rights advocates set up makeshift offices to help secure the release of vulnerable people caught in transit.
And in many cities, those first airport protests led directly to demonstrations of thousands more in the following days. It was one of the most inspiring examples of solidarity of the early days of the Trump presidency.
Now, as the latest ban gets set to take effect, activists are organizing a "No Muslim Ban Ever" day of action on October 18, sponsored by several immigrant rights groups. A return to the kind of protests we saw after the first ban will be necessary in the days and weeks ahead to halt this recycled version of Trump's racist policy.
Jonah ben Avraham
Criticizing Israel while Black (and Muslim)
Ilhan Omar, one of the new progressives in Congress, is being attacked for speaking the truth about the power of Israel's supporters.
Elizabeth Schulte
Nabra Hassanen had more than one murderer
A young man is behind bars for Nabra Hassanen's murder, but there are many other people responsible for promoting deadly anti-Muslim hate.
Countering anti-Muslim hate around the U.S.
"Anti-Sharia law" protests in over 20 cities were met with counterprotests that vastly outnumbered the bigots in many places.
Christopher Baum
Fear and ignorance defeat a mosque
A proposal to build a mosque in Bayonne, New Jersey, was blocked by an Islamophobic campaign that made headlines.
The left can't litigate Trump into submission
Trump's first travel ban directed at Muslims suffered a stinging legal defeat, but we shouldn't put our faith in a legal strategy.
Larry Bradshaw and Lorrie Beth Slonsky
The heroes and sheroes of New Orleans
SW contributors Larry Bradshaw and Lorrie Beth Slonsky were trapped in New Orleans by Katrina--their story, first told here, shocked the world.
The power to stop the far right
The counterprotest in Washington, D.C., is important in confronting the threat of the far right — and also in building up our class's power.
Lee Sustar
Trump's trade war on the world
The president's attack on G7 allies was carried out with typical crudeness, but Trump's "America First" policies are bringing old issues to a head.
What will it take for unions to survive Janus?
Union members are mobilizing to protest the Janus case before the U.S. Supreme Court. SW asked three of our contributors about the stakes for labor.
Campus crusaders for hate
Get ready: The right wing--from pro-Trump College Republicans to well-dressed reactionaries to outright fascists--is coming for your college.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


For today's review we will be delving into an alternative dimension torn open by curious practitioners in search of a new magical power to revive a dying Earth. Known as 'The Breach', the desolate city of Malifaux was discovered which humans soon begin to populate and explore further afield. It's then that the precious, magical soulstones were found, and like anywhere else where profit can be made, fighting will soon follow. For me the Malifaux 2nd Edition Starter Set is the beginning of the journey to find out if it will conquer the tabletop world of humans or be thrown back through The Breach to the Neverborn in defeat.
When I found out that I would be reviewing Malifaux, I took the usual route of researching the history of the game and what other sets could be purchased etc. My first thought of this Victorian, steampunk, horror, western (there are more, but I have a word limit) themed miniature game was that it just seemed too big for what it is. Some of the seven factions didn't quite seem to fit with my initial impression of the theme. For example, I can see why the Guild's Doctor Grimwell and his Orderlies are included, but how do the Neverborn zombie-like Bloodwretches fit with a mercenary female character called Angel Eyes?
Looking through some of the other factions, I found more evidence of this very broad and loose theme in the form of the Ten Thunders faction's Monks; surely that doesn't fit with steampunk or horror. At this point I was quite worried as I had been looking forward to playing a 32mm tabletop game that doesn't include Space Marines or Lord of the Rings characters.
The point in which my worries were allayed came when visiting the Wyrd Games website and I began to read the backstory to Malifaux, which I can assure you all, is brilliant. Regardless whether you think you'll invest in the game or not, visit the site and read how Malifaux came to being. For those of you that will be playing the game, it will add real depth and bring an understanding to the game that can't come by just looking at the box or even reading a review. I always approve in any game that gives players a backstory, and I think it's something that more publishers should invest in. Thumbs up to Wyrd.
Firstly, the box does give you that steampunk, horror feel with a gruesome Dr. Grimwell looking self-satisfied, wearing welding googles and a blood soaked white coat with surgical chainsaw in hand. Opposite him is the mysterious looking assassin Angel Eyes who hides her face with both hood and scarf, although her rifle is certainly visible. Images of the other six characters are situated around the sides of the box with all eight miniatures pictured on the back. Good start.
Despite the rule book being labelled as 'quick start rules' and noting that it is aimed towards new players, it is extremely text heavy with few pictures or diagrams to visually explain what it requires you to do. This leads to a lot of backwards and forwards thumbing of the pages. On a positive note, the rule book does offer five scenarios that help players build up play via very specific instructions such as simple 'stand still' attack actions to movement and other basics.
As with all miniatures games the main focus is on the miniatures themselves, and Malifaux should be no different. I feel that at this point I must explain a major frustration of mine when it comes to tabletop miniatures games, which is also very apparent in Malifaux.
That is, why are we still being sold miniatures that we must assemble when companies such as Fantasy Flight and Cool Mini or Not are creating fantastic, pre-assembled miniatures that offer a really high level of detail whilst being easy enough to paint and ready to play on the table immediately?
Wyrd Games are not the only ones at fault here as other miniature companies are doing exactly the same thing. As we speak, this hobby that we all love is undergoing a mini revolution, attracting huge numbers of new players and growing at a rate few could have predicted. Board game companies seem to have grasped this and have quite notably upped their game, so miniature companies need to wake up and do the same or risk being left behind.
The plastic miniatures in Malifaux require full assembly, which took my friend and me at least two hours and proved massively fiddly. The stability of the miniatures is also in question with thin contact points between model and base which could easily be broken. The level of detail is good but not great; the models would prove relatively easy to paint but certainly won't look as good fully painted as many board game miniatures.
Each character in Malifaux has its own stat card which denotes various pieces of information such as its faction, cost to use, in game stats such as movement or defence, and the character's special abilities. The stat cards have been designed really well with a 'secret dossier' look about them. The cards are easy to read, and once a player is used to finding what they are looking for, they will be able to find the required information at a glance.
Players will also get two fate decks in this starter set; these are used in the most part to decide the outcome of encounters (battles). Each faction has its own unique fate deck complete with its own artwork, which in keeping with the rest of the game looks pretty cool.
Regarding the cards, however, this is where the uniqueness ends as both fate decks, and what I presume is the same with every faction's fate deck within the Malifaux universe, are just a bog standard fifty four card poker deck complete with jokers. Players could literally play Malifaux with a £1 deck of cards without any impediment. Sure, the suits are named differently, for example, hearts are represented by rams and spades by crows, but that is it, there are no other noticeable differences.
It's obviously a very clear track that Wyrd have gone down too, as they reference this poker deck parallel several times in the rule book. My immediate thought was, "why?". Why use a standard set of poker cards when you are transporting players to another dimension using fantastical characters? For me it's a missed opportunity to make a component unique to a game, something players would look forward to opening and reading through the commands or instructions on each card. I do realise that the decks have to have a degree of comparison with one another as Malifaux does not use dice, something we will talk more about later, but there is still room to make a faction your own by creating a fate deck which would make the game much more personal, varied, and interesting.
Also included with the starter set are two custom tape measures, one for each faction which is pretty cool and quite a nice touch from Wyrd. Another nice touch that I will mention now (this has nothing to do with this starter set) is the commitment Wyrd show to promoting the series to new and existing players.
Wyrd have a long list of what they call Henchmen, whom are based pretty much wherever you are. Using their website I found two of these Henchmen within a 20-30 minute drive from me, and they exist to run community events which allow you to try the game before sinking cash into it. I think this is paramount to a budding miniature gamer. As we all know, the hobby isn't cheap, so making sure that this is the series for you is imperative. Wyrd seem to have grasped this, so well done.
We will now go through the basic set-up and run through of Malifaux before closing with a few observations and our summary. Usually the gaming space is 3×3 feet which will then be filled with different types of terrain (more on this to follow); players will then place their crews, in this case four models from one of the two factions, on opposite sides of the game space.
Each player draws six cards from their own fate deck to create a hand, then flip the next card of the deck over to determine who goes first (the player with the highest number decides).
That player will then activate their first mini and the game begins, alternating from player to player until all minis have been activated.
When one mini engages with another using either a melee or ranged attack, a battle ensues. To resolve this the two players must note the attack and defence stats on that model's stats card, then in unison players will flip the next card of the fate deck, adding the number of that card to the attack or defence stats. The losing player may then 'cheat fate' by replacing their flipped card with a card from their hand, giving them a new total. The other player may now do the same which will determine the final outcome of the battle. There are other factors that come into play such as positive/negative twists, upgrades, special abilities, and modifiers, but that is true with most games of this type, so a full explanation within a review for each is not required.
If the attacker has won the battle, then they will flip another card from the fate deck to determine how much damage the target model must take; this ranges from weak to moderate to severe and will change depending on the attacking model. This is also determined by flipping a card from the fate deck.
At the end of each turn, players will shuffle their remaining hands back into their own fate deck and draw six new cards. These turns will continue until one crew has achieved enough victory points to be declared the winner.
These are some of the observations that I have noted whilst playing Malifaux. Throughout the game, players must keep track of which models have taken damage. To do this the rule book suggests using a dry wipe marker to write on the stat cards or by using pennies or beads. This, for me, is not acceptable in a modern, £40+ game which I feel should provide tokens or at least score books instead of putting the onus on players to buy or invent an alternative. Using a marker is simply tempting something to go wrong and ruin the stat card, and pennies…….really?
The second observation is in regard to terrain which is hugely important when playing Malifaux and also makes the game a lot more fun and interesting. The rules state that a standard game board will be 50% to 70% covered by terrain and also notes the different types of terrain and the rules for it.
That being said, players are provided with nothing in the way of terrain within this set and instead are advised to use books and cups to imagine what the real game could be like. This annoyed me just as much as the 'pennies' reference, and it's small oversights like this that really let Malifaux down. I know this is just a starter set, but if terrain is that important, provide players with at least something. Even if it was just a few strips of card to act as walls or outline a building, it would be far better than fighting over the latest copy of Harry Potter and an Iron Man mug. Luckily, my friend is a mini's enthusiast and was able to recreate several scenarios with already bought and painted terrain, but that will not be the case for 90% of the people who buy this set.
The last major observation is more of a personal one than actual fact, and I accept that this will change (and rightly so) from player to player. This is that I don't think flipping cards to determine the outcome of a battle is as fun as rolling dice.
Even with the cheat fate mechanic that accompanies it, it's still just turning the next card in the deck over and adding two numbers together. I would have found this a lot more interesting if at the end of each round you didn't reshuffle the decks and draw six new cards, as that would have made cheating fate a lot more tactical. Players would then be wary about how and when they use their best cards, not wanting to peak too early, as it were.
But by reshuffling the deck (a standard poker deck at that, remember) players could quite easily have a very similar hand from round to round. This took most of the tactical and strategic element of the game away for me and left me with a straight up 'get close and kill the other guy' scenario. I accept that this might change with the more in-depth rule/campaign books, which I believe to be scenario driven, but this set does not offer that variant of the game.


Tom began his professional career at YHB in 1997, with a Bachelor's degree in liberal arts and sciences as well as a Master of Accountancy degree, both from Virginia Tech. He is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants and the Virginia Society of Certified Public Accountants.
For years, Tom has dedicated his practice to providing accounting, auditing, advisory and tax services to community banks throughout Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania. A leader of our Community Banking Services Team, Tom also serves on our IT Steering Committee and Organizational Development Steering Committee and conducts annual audit training for new hires.
Because Tom has worked with banks for more than 10 years, he excels in conducting internal, external and SOX 404 audits, assisting with SEC and financial reporting, and providing tax compliance services to financial institutions. While he has expertise in consulting about internal controls and SOX implementation, Tom's comprehensive knowledge of the community banking industry enables him to meet the full range of a client's accounting service needs.
Tom believes that building a strong relationship with clients is one of the keys to maximizing the benefits of the services he provides. In working with clients, he listens carefully to what their needs are. Because of his bank audit expertise, Tom is able to minimize disruption of the client's staff while optimizing communication and achieving the desired results. Tom also believes that all members of our Community Banking Services Team are instrumental in building successful client relationships and performing engagements. Our focus on attracting, developing and retaining top professionals makes YHB a leader in providing services to community banks.
In his free time, Tom enjoys traveling and camping with his wife and two children and watching the kids play sports. His hobbies include running marathons and playing basketball.


text:
General Whiskers' semi-historical wanderings
Mainly concerning my wargaming hobby, with a bit of reenactment thrown in as it happens.
Operation "None Softhearted" (1) July 17, 2019
Wargame Progress – Market Garden July 17, 2019
Walks with my dog (10) July 17, 2019
Walks with my dog (9) July 16, 2019
Gaming Serendipity? July 15, 2019
Follow General Whiskers' semi-historical wanderings on WordPress.com
Tag: WWII
D-Day and beyond. Part 7
…being the story of a wargame, now in arrears… Unfortunately my detailed report has vanished into the depths of the internet, but the synopsis is that we chased off the crew of a 105mm howitzer, captured or scared of a German supply company, deployed two sections of the RA 25 prs which helped drive the enemy at least into cover, and consolidated our position.
Game note. The Germans having been driven mainly away from board 2 and totally from board 1, board 1 was removed and a new board added to the German side, with all their reinforcements deployed. The new situation is shown above. And thus we will start the next day with a German counter-attack.
Posted on June 12, 2019 Categories Normandy '44, Wargaming, World War II WargamingTags 1944, battle report, battlegames, board game, campaign, D-day, WWIILeave a comment on D-Day and beyond. Part 7
Being a narrative story of a continuing wargame.
When I had the idea of this project I thought that I would very quickly fall behind the timeline of 75 years to the day. I was right! Even without taking into account the restricted weekend gaming time, I cannot afford to spend the requisite amount of time staring at a game board, making decisions and rolling dice.
Anyway, here is the next part of Captain Copley's report.
8th June 1944.
This morning we began to receive reinforcements. First to arrive, around 10:00, was a platoon from C Company.
As they arrived, the remains of A Company launched an attack on the Germans who were trying to cut us off from the beach.
One of Lt. Smythe's PIAT teams moved up into the woods, stalking the SP gun which gave us some bother yesterday. They successfully put it out of action. They were accompanied by a rifle squad which attacked enemy infantry on the road. The enemy ran back into the woods, but then the squad came under rifle fire themselves. To add to their problems they then suffered artillery fire. None apparently survived. The PIAT team was also wiped out in this bombardment.
On the left flank Sgt. MacGregor's platoon began to move southwest towards the main road, and I moved my HQ southwards to keep in contact with the company's advance.
The Churchill tank moved cautiously up the road and took position in a defile between two cliffs.
I ordered Sgt. MacGregor to try to get his light mortars to a position from which they could attack the enemy artillery, which was believed to be behind the far hill (point 538 on my map). He acknowledged the order and I observed his platoon moving over the hill crest towards the southwest. I continued to move my own HQ up to remain in touch with the company.
I ordered Lt. Smythe to keep moving forward. For the time being I took command of the newly-arrived platoon from C Company, who advanced along the road. I also instructed the commander of the Yeomanry's single Churchill to continue along the road, reporting any sighting of the enemy. After a few minutes he reported that he had found the enemy's artillery and destroyed one of the guns. He was intending to pullback behind the cover of the woods.
Around 10:30 I suffered W/T problems and lost touch with both my own platoon commanders, but urged the reinforcing platoon to push on up the road.
Next to land was a troop of 25pr guns. They were a sight for sore eyes! I suggested to the Troop Commander that he should move to point 621 and deploy behind the crest. He agreed and advised that the whole regiment (16 guns) would shortly be landing.
I could not raise the Yeomanry tank commander and feared the worst.
I heard shooting to the south and looking around from my vantage point on one of the bluffs I was able to make out a column of enemy infantry moving up the road on our left flank. They were already engaged With our infantry on the left. I immediately called up Sgt. MacGregor, who told me he was already taking action to redeploy his platoon to meet the new threat.
Lt. Smythe reported that he had cleared the immediate threat from the west and was turning to assault the hill to his left flank.
A few minutes later Sgt. MacGregor reported that he was in a spot of bother on the southern flank. One of his Bren teams had "bottled it", disturbing the chaps behind them as they ran. I ordered him to hold as well as he could while I attempted to reinforce his position. On the right I ordered Lt. Smythe to push on up the hill as he had planned. I had no response from third platoon commander.
As the first 25pr troop began to set up their positions a second troop arrived, followed by another infantry platoon from C Coy.
Sgt. MacGregor established a defensive line against the enemy infantry arriving from the south. Lt. Smythe pushed on up the hill, encountering some disorganised infantry in the woods.
The first artillery section took position and their observer moved forwards and established an OP in the woods on the forward slope.
I looked at my watch. 11:00. Had all of this happened within only one hour?
Posted on June 10, 2019 Categories Normandy '44, Wargaming, World War II WargamingTags 1944, battle report, board game, campaign, D-day, Wargame, Wargaming, WW2, WWIILeave a comment on D-Day and beyond. Part 6
D-Day and Beyond, Part 4
Report from Capt. Copley, 2 I/c A Company.
It appears that the Major was correct to worry about the German guns.
Although our bombing and naval gunfire had pretty much wrecked the shoreline defences, we ran into several minefields behind the beach area and the Jerrys sent forward three SP anti-tank guns. We managed to knock all three out but not before they had accounted for all 6 of the Yeomanry's Churchills.
We landed at 07:30 and by 09:00 most of the remains of the company was still pinned down near the shore line and in the ruined houses on the left flank.
Some of our chaps never got ashore until later because the beach was too congested to move.
We did not get the Vickers platoon or the 3" mortars ashore.
Two rifle squads succeeded in punching through on the left flank and took the high ground, capturing one German howitzer and killing both the crew and the OP team, but the road junction objective is still in enemy hands.
We are now digging in within 100 yards of the shoreline against enemy counter-attack and hoping for reinforcements. We have a forward post at Point 621 at our front centre.
Casualty report:
Major Read (Company C.O.), C.S.M Gane,
Lieut. Flitcroft, 1 Platoon
Lieut. Davies, 2 Platoon
Lieut. Cork, 4 Platoon
55 NCOs and Other Ranks.
Fit for duty.
Captain Copley, Lieutenant Smythe, 100 NCOs and ORs.
Equipment Return.
4 PIATs, 4 x 2" Mortar, 6 Bren guns, Rifles and other small arms.
In addition 6 Churchill tanks from the Yeomanry destroyed.
Capt. Copley, Officer Commanding A Company.
Posted on June 6, 2019 Categories Normandy '44, Wargaming, World War II WargamingTags 1944, battle report, campaign, D-day, Normandy, Wargame, Wargaming, WW2, WWIILeave a comment on D-Day and Beyond, Part 4
"Bathtubbing' in reverse
Many wargamers are familiar with the term "bathtubbing", which means taking a historical battle and reducing it to a scale compatible with their own gaming area.
Thus, for example, a game of the battle of Waterloo reduced to a 6ft x 4ft table (180cm x 100cm) might reduce each brigade, or even a division, to a battalion in wargame representation.
This tends to be more common in 20th century warfare, maybe reducing every real formation to the next lower, so that a division becomes a brigade/regiment, a brigade/regiment becomes a battalion, a battalion becomes a company and a company becomes a platoon.
I am trying a new method. Let us call it "Swimming Pool Method" (SPM). My idea is to use Squad Leader boards and 13mm counters to reproduce battles in many eras. I have already successfully fought a Napoleonic game.
But my current project is to use the Squad Leader boards for a rolling campaign, beginning on 6th June 1944 (2019). I have "Swimming Pooled" the boards from the designer's 40m per hex to a, more realistic for the artwork, 20m per hex.
At the same time I have delved deeper into the unit ratio so that in my game an infantry base is, rather than a platoon or squad, a half-section, for the infantry either a light MG team or a rifle team. (In my Napoleonic version a base occupying the same area would be a company of 60 men in 2 or 3 ranks!)
My initial game will involve a reinforced British infantry company assaulting the coast of Normandy on 6th June 1944. The infantry company has:
2 bases for the company HQ
3 Platoons of:
Command base
PIAT team,
2" Mortar team,
3 x Bren team,
3 x Rifle team.
German defenders are similarly organised, but according to national standards:
HQ: 2 command bases
3 platoons, reach of:
Platoon HQ
Panzerfaust team,
3 x MG42 LMG team
Reinforcements may include tanks, mortars, artillery or many other options.
Each tank, armoured car, artillery piece, etc. is individually represented.
Although I would have liked to use 'top-down' illustrations to fit with the map/game-board style, I found that those available for download would not reduce satisfactorily to a 13mm x 13mm print. Therefore I went back to the military mapping symbols of the time, but once again using the Swimming Pool Method I have adopted platoon symbols for sections or sub-sections.
Thus the symbol for a company HQ will represent a Platoon HQ. An LMG platoon symbol may represent a single Bren gun squad. Some bases are reversible to show the "mounted" or "deployed" status, particularly for HQ or artillery units.
We shall see how it actually works on 6th June…
Posted on May 27, 2019 May 27, 2019 Categories Wargaming, World War II WargamingTags ASL, bathtubbing, D-day, Hex and Counter, Odd Ideas, Solo Wargame, Wargame, WW2, WWIILeave a comment on "Bathtubbing' in reverse
A bit of painting
Today I have been painting with (I think) Coat d'Arms 515 Iron Grey. The label has faded so this is my best guess.
Whatever it is, I have painted the roof tops of my square and hexagonal town outlines for gridded wargames, touched up several roofs on my "tiny towns" and base coated some 3mm WW2 German guns and prime movers.
Oh – and relabelled the paint bottle. 🙂
Posted on May 23, 2019 Categories life in general, Wargaming, World War II WargamingTags 1/600, 3mm, Gridded wargames, painting, WW2, WWIILeave a comment on A bit of painting
Battle of Cape Matapan: phase 1
Following on from yesterday's "convoy" battle, another long-outstanding battle which turned up in my "to do" tray. This was the battle of Cape Matapan, which I was intending to fight as a full scale game, but may be better fought as separate actions.
Whatever the final decision is, today I played the first action: the engagement off the island of Gavdos.
The account of the original action, taken from Wikipedia, reads thus (edited to remove hyperlinks):
"Action off Gavdos
On 28 March, an aircraft launched by Vittorio Veneto spotted the British cruiser squadron at 06:35. At 07:55, the Trento group encountered Admiral Pridham-Wippell's cruiser group south of the Greek island of Gavdos The British squadron was heading to the south-east. Thinking they were attempting to run from their larger ships, the Italians gave chase, opening fire at 08:12 from 24,000 yards (22,000 m). The three heavy cruisers fired repeatedly until 08:55, with Trieste firing 132 armour piercing rounds, Trento firing 204 armour-piercing and 10 explosive shells and Bolzano firing another 189 armour piercing shells, but the Italians experienced trouble with their range finding equipment and scored no significant hits. HMS Gloucester fired three salvos in return. These fell short but did cause the Italians to make a course change.
As the distance had not been reduced after an hour of pursuit, the Italian cruisers broke off the chase, turning to the north-west on a course to rejoin Vittorio Veneto. The Allied ships changed course in turn, following the Italian cruisers at extreme range. Iachino let them come on in hopes of luring the British cruisers into the range of Vittorio Veneto's guns."
And with that in mind, how did the wargame progress?
At 08:00 the Italian squadron came within range of the British squadron, both heading to the south-east. The Italian cruiser Trento opened fire at long range (10 hexagons), scoring one hit on HMS Orion. Orion returned fire with her stern guns. The range was good and four hits were registered, giving the Trento one point of damage. The Trento fired again with her forward guns and damaged the Orion. Trento's secondary guns also fired but to no effect.
The British squadron, aware that they could not outrun the faster Italian ships, turned to fight, planning to bring their broadsides to bear on the enemy. Anticipating this manoeuvre the Italians turned to starboard and crossed the British front line.
From this position the Italian ships were able to fire broadsides at the British, who had turned to inflict this upon the Italians.
HMS Gloucester fired her forward guns on the Trento, scoring 4 hits with the main guns for 1 point of damage, and a further hit with the secondary guns. HMAS Perth added her fire with 5 hits and a further damage point. Trento, with 2 damage points against a hull value of 3, was now "crippled". This means -1 to armour, vital armour and speed.
HMS Ajax fired a long range broadside at the Bolzano, scoring 3 hits but no damage. HMS Orion also fired at the Bolzano, but failed to register any hits.
The Italians returned fire. The Trento fired a devastating broadside at the HMS Gloucester with 11 hits from her main guns and a further 3 from her secondary armament. The Gloucester began to sink.
The Bolzano fired at HMS Ajax and scored 4 hits, inflicting 1 damage point. Trieste fired at HMS Orion with her forward guns. 2 hits were registered.
The head of the Italian squadron now turned to the south-east after crossing the British front. On the British side, HMS Ajax made an emergency turn to starboard to avoid the sinking Gloucester, followed by HMAS Perth. HMS Orion continued to the south-west to cross the new enemy front. The destroyer HMS Ilex passed directly in front of the Italian destroyer Ascari, risking being rammed.
The Bolzano fired her main and secondary guns at HMAS Perth, inflicting two points of damage and a crippling effect. The Trento fired at the destroyer Ilex and sank her before she could inflict any damage on the Ascari.
HMS Ajax fired at the Trieste and inflicted 1 damage point. HMAS Perth and HMS Orion both fired at the Bolzano, scoring 3 and 2 hits respectively but no serious damage. The destroyer HMS Hereward scored a hit on the Trento, but again no serious damage.
Note: Although it looks like these ships are at very close quarters, the actual model at 1:1800 scale represents its "sea room" required for operation. A cruiser occupying two hexagons is actually using an area of about 400 x 200 yards and the opposing ships are about half a mile apart.
By 08:25 the battle had broken down into individual engagements with each ship operating to its best advantage.
The Ascari, with no room to manoeuvre, struck the sinking HMS Ilex and took severe damage to her bow. She too began to sink. HMS Orion fired at the destroyer Corraziere, inflicting one damage point. HMS Hereward damaged the destroyer Carabiniere.
HMS Hasty launched torpedoes against the Bolzano, but they failed to strike home.
HMAS Perth scored five more hits on the Trieste, crippling her. HMS Ajax destroyed the destroyer Carabiniere with an overwhelming barrage, scoring 9 direct hits.
At 08:30 the Corraziere attacked HMAS Perth but with no significant damage. The Trento sank HMS Hasty. Trieste fired a broadside at HMAS Perth, scoring five more crucial hits and crippling her. The Bolzano joined in and with 11 more hits sank the Australian cruiser.
In the next five minutes the Italians completed their destruction of the British squadron. The Bolzano hit the Orion six more times, and the Trieste added five more hits to the stricken cruiser. The destroyer Corraziere sank HMS Hereward and the Trento scored eight telling hits on HMAS Perth. Three British ships began to sink and the battle was over.
A decisive victory for the Italian navy. From the British squadron of four cruisers and three destroyers all had been sunk except the cruiser HMS Orion, which was severely damaged but able to escape. The Italians had two cruisers and one destroyer severely damaged by enemy fire, one destroyer sunk and a second destroyer sunk after a collision.
The turning point in the battle was literally just that. The British squadron turned to attack but the Italians seized the initiative and crossed their line in Nelsonian fashion, and were thus able to bring all their guns to bear at short range.
Rules: tweaks and clarifications
Each salvo is to be adjudicated independently. If a ship is firing both main and secondary (or even tertiary) guns, the damage effect is registered for each set of guns independently. Likewise, if two ships attack one, the damage from each is registered separately, not cumulatively.
No ship may fire guns and launch torpedoes in the same turn, because the effect of firing would disrupt the balance of the ship and thus the aim of the torpedoes.
Depth charges may only be used if no other weapons are in use, it being deemed that if main guns or AA guns are in use there are higher priorities on the surface or in the air!
Posted on May 22, 2019 May 22, 2019 Categories Naval wargaming, Wargaming, World War II WargamingTags Matapan, Mediterranean, Naval, Regia Marina, Royal Navy, War at Sea, Wargame, WW2, WWIILeave a comment on Battle of Cape Matapan: phase 1
Atlantic Convoy
A test game using my Axis & Allies* naval, adapted for hexagons, rules.
It's a lovely day, so I decided to play a short wargame in the garden. I have three lightweight trestle tables, each 60 x 100cm and 95cm tall, so I took them from the Shedquarters and set them up on the patio area. I covered them with my somewhat bright blue hexagon cloth, clipped it to the table edges and set to.
Situation. A convoy of merchant ships, escorted by two British destroyers, is approaching a screen of German submarines in the North Atlantic.
The submarines submerged. Each is replaced by one real submerged token and 1d6/2 dummies (rounding down). They all look the same, but the real subs are marked with a number on the bottom and the dummies with a small 'x'.
Both destroyers have the "Sub Hunter" special rule, so after each German turn, they turn and move 3 hexagons towards the nearest German submarine. This turn is deducted from their next maximum move. I decided to change the operation of this rule, see below.
The two destroyers went after the nearest contacts and the convoy was ordered to make best speed, so some of the larger ships increased to maximum speed of 4 hexagons. (around 22 knots)
The entire convoy of 16 merchant ships was now spread over a length of 15 hexagons, or around 3000 yards.
Two submarines closed on HMS Hasty. One was a dummy, and after declaring its attack was removed from the table. The other fired a torpedo at the destroyer's port bow at 1 hex (around 200 yards) range.
Two dice were rolled: 5 and 2. One hit was scored for the 5. (4 and 5 score 1 hit, 6 scores 2 hits). One point of hull damage was caused, and with only one hull point remaining the ship was marked as "crippled", losing one point from armour, vital armour and speed.
Hasty swung to port and depth-charged the sub, with five dice scoring 6,6,5,4,3 for six hits. With hull points of 1 and vital armour of 5 the submarine sank immediately. I decided to adjust the depth charge rule as well (see below).
HMS Herward also depth-charged and sank a submarine with two hits.
Meanwhile Penguin and Countryman, two of the faster ships, both swung to starboard to avoid the destroyers operating in their paths.
The other ships ploughed on at about 12 knots. One of the cargo ships on the edge of the convoy was struck and began to sink immediately.
The destroyers chased another two targets, both of which turned out to be false contacts.
Three more submarines lined up to attack the convoy but two, on declaring their attack, were revealed as dummies. The third failed to hit the Atlantic, a large tanker.
Hereward depth-charged another dummy U-boat. With several wrecks in the process of sinking, ships were now having to take avoiding action to avoid collisions.
Another cargo ship was struck by a torpedo near the centre of the convoy. She continued, crippled. Hereward steamed for the location and sank the last of the German submarines. The convoy proceeded towards Liverpool.
Losses. One cargo ship lost and one crippled. HMS Hasty crippled. Three U-boats sunk. A good day for the Royal Navy.
Rule changes to be applied.
Depth charges. Rather than rolling 5 dice for hits on any submarine adjacent to the rear half of the destroyer, I will apply the same system of splitting the dice as I do for gunnery. Thus the depth charges are thrown in a pattern into the three adjacent hexagons to starboard rear, starboard port and directly astern. Up to 1/3 of the dice available, rounding up, may be used for each hex, provided that the total number is not exceeded.
Targeting 5 dice at 1 hex is overkill, because it only needs 1 hit to sink most submarines. With 1 die there is a 50% chance, with 2 dice a 75% chance and with 5 dice almost 97% chance of rolling 4,5 or 6 on at least one of them.
Sub Hunter. Rather than arbitrarily moving the ship at the end of the enemy move, I decided that a destroyer with this special rule must at the start of its turn roll a die and immediately head for the nearest enemy submarine within 1D6 hexagons, notwithstanding any search pattern she is working to.
All in all a fun little test game, and I think with the rule tweaks the submarines might have a better chance of surviving more than one destroyer sweep.
* "Axis and Allies" and "War at Sea" are copyright to Wizards of the Coast, and the use of their original rule concepts is acknowledged.
Posted on May 21, 2019 May 22, 2019 Categories Naval wargaming, Wargaming, World War II WargamingTags Convoy, depth charge, Naval, North Atlantic, Solo Wargame, submarine, torpedo, U-Boat, U-Boot, War at Sea, Wargame, WW2, WWII1 Comment on Atlantic Convoy
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If you're looking for an event venue in Cleveland, Ohio to celebrate another successful year of business for your organization or host a meeting or training seminar for your team, The Historic Tanglewood Club located in Chagrin Falls, OH is the perfect place for your corporate event.
After looking at three other venues in the area, we recently held our company's 30th anniversary party at The Tanglewood Club and cannot say enough about how wonderful the experience was. Stacey was great to work with and offered many suggestions to help make our party a success. Normandy did a wonderful job with the food, everyone loved it, and the displays were stunning. We used the outdoor area which has a welcoming ambiance with bistro lighting and panoramic views of the golf course. I would highly recommend The Tanglewood Club for any event.


text:
Home 1558 3rd Avenue
Views Revealed for 180 East 88th Street, the Upper East Side's Future Tallest Building Above 72nd Street
180 East 88th Street, image via DDG
By: Reid Wilson 6:00 am on September 24, 2015
Over the summer, Tribeca-based DDG broke ground on a 32-story tower at 180 East 88th Street, which will one day by the tallest building above 72nd Street, standing 521 feet to its pinnacle. Now, YIMBY has the first look at what the view from the upper reaches of the tower will entail. The building's 48 condominiums will feature two-, three- and four-bedroom configurations, and a penthouse duplex will be located on the top two floors. Commercial space will also span 52,000 square feet in the base. HTO Architect is the architect of record, while DDG is designing in-house, and sales are expected to launch this fall.
180 East 88th Street, image from DDG
1558 3rd Avenue 1558 Third Avenue 180 East 88th Street Brief DDG HTO Architects Manhattan Mixed-Use New York Upper East Side
1 Comment on "Views Revealed for 180 East 88th Street, the Upper East Side's Future Tallest Building Above 72nd Street"
Concerned New Yorker | September 24, 2015 at 8:14 am |
Far and away the most hideous looking building to go up in a very long time. This architect should go back to school.
LPC Approves Penthouse Roof Addition at 107 East 64th Street on the Upper East Side
Renderings Revealed for 109 East 79th Street, on the Upper East Side
1059 Third Avenue's Façade Continues Installation on the Upper East Side
New York Blood Center Reveals Draft Scope of Work for Headquarters Expansion on the Upper East Side


text:
High unemployment forces Iranian Kurds into smuggling, with deadly consequences
A new wave of deadly violence targeting Iranian Kurdish smugglers in the country's mountainous border region has renewed focus on decades-long state neglect of the minority group.
The western Iranian city of Mariwan is seen in this panoramic image from 2013; two teenage brothers hailing from the area froze to death in December while trying to make money transporting shoes across the border. Photo by Arman0014/Persian Wikipedia.
A correspondent in Tehran
The plight of Iran's mountain couriers is once again under the spotlight after the Islamic Republic's border guards shot dead at least 15 of them this summer, local officials said.
In Iranian Kurdistan, mountain couriers are relied on to carry commodities across the Iraqi border. They are locally known as a "kolbar," a Kurdish word meaning someone carrying heavy loads over their shoulders. In recent years, the term has come to be used for young Kurds who cross the rugged mountains with essential goods in a region battered by unemployment, poverty and a host of other maladies.
Under Iranian law, the activity is considered smuggling and tantamount to border trespassing, an argument Iranian authorities use to justify shootings that target the couriers. The deadly practice has been in place over the past several years despite calls from human rights groups who see the killings as part of the Islamic Republic's overall systematic violation of the rights of the Kurdish minority.
Tough economic conditions in the rocky border area have only been hardened by skyrocketing unemployment and perceived injustice in the distribution of opportunities, increasingly pushing young Kurds toward the treacherous journey.
In a fiery address to the Iranian parliament earlier this month, Kamal Hosseinpour, a lawmaker representing the border town of Sardasht, unleashed a barrage of criticism against the Iranian government's treatment of kolbars after four were shot dead by border guards Aug. 31.
A commander who referred to the victims as "border aggressors" intensified the rage among members of the Kurdish public, including the legislator who slammed the government for treating the victims like Islamic State terrorists. "Those four men were simply mountain couriers and were forced into that job to earn a living for their families," Hosseinpour said.
The four deaths followed social media campaigns that had trended only days before with the aim of building pressure on the authorities to "stop killing kolbars."
In recent months, even some women in apparent dire economic circumstances have become kolbars. Halaleh Amini, a council member in the city of Mariwan, lamented the suffering of those women in an emotional speech. "Look at the hands of those women, mostly single mothers, and you will find that the delicate texture of femininity has evaporated," she said.
The deaths of young kolbars have every now and then been associated with dramatic stories, moving the Iranian public to its very core. In December, two teenage brothers, Azad and Farhad, who were carrying bags of shoes, were stranded in harsh snowy weather before freezing to death. After covering Azad with his coat, the younger brother, Farhad, apparently made an effort to head back toward their village of Ney, about 6 kilometers (3½ miles) from Mariwan. The bodies of the two were recovered four days later in separate spots. During a funeral procession between Mariwan and Ney, people held up loaves of bread in a symbolic gesture to mark the two brothers' "martyrdom for bread" as they chanted, "Death to the dictator."
In the immediate aftermath of the tragedy and the ensuing public fury, the government of President Hassan Rouhani was quick to pledge to tackle the problem of kolbars — although that promise has yet to be put into action. The Iranian parliament has also refused twice to pass a bill that would prohibit firing on kolbars. According to an advocacy group monitoring the status of kolbars, in 2018 at least 86 of them, mostly in their 20s, were killed in shootings or died of other causes, such as land mine explosions, avalanches or cliff collapses.
Then there is the recent case of Maani Hashemi, a 14-year-old from the town of Paveh. The "talented" teenage student, according to his mother, decided to join other kolbars to save up for a smartphone for himself and his sister, which they needed for their education as classes became virtual due to the coronavirus pandemic.
"All his concern was about missing those online courses," his single mother, Ronak Hashemi, a 38-year-old kolbar, told Iranian media. While carrying bags of 150 kilos (330 pounds) of beans Sept. 4, the two were chased by border guards. Maani fell off a cliff, smacking his face right against a rock, severely damaging his nose and eyes. Ronak managed to place her bleeding son over her shoulders and claw their way to the nearest village. The teenage boy was hospitalized at a local underequipped medical center, where he was told that proper treatment is available only in the capital, Tehran.
Unable to afford the transfer and medical costs in Tehran, Maani was stuck for several days until — in the absence of government support — public donations were collected through social media and ultimately paved his way to the capital, where he began receiving treatment.
"Tell everyone this is not a job. Being a kolbar is but pain, suffering and misery," Maani's mother told Iran's Shahrvand daily.
More from A correspondent in Tehran
Iranians increase pressure on government to purchase vaccines
Woman sets self on fire after city demolishes shelter, Iranians outraged
Khamenei's vaccine ban paints dismal picture of Iranian health care
Ali Dadpay | | Jan 13, 2021
Fate of seized South Korean tanker, crew out of Iran's hands, says foreign minister
Al-Monitor Staff | | Jan 12, 2021
A correspondent in Tehran | Environment and nature | Jan 14, 2021
Bahrain opens airspace with Qatar
Al-Monitor Staff | GCC Relations | Jan 11, 2021
US collects $7 million in Iranian assets amid pursuit of 'complex international conspiracy'
Al-Monitor Staff | | Jan 7, 2021
More from Iran
Rouhani compares Trump to Shah of Iran
Al-Monitor Staff | Iran-US tensions | Jan 14, 2021
Iran's Rouhani expects economic relief after Trump departure
Al-Monitor Staff | Trump | Jan 13, 2021
Iran says it won't expel nuclear watchdog inspectors
Al-Monitor Staff | Iran Deal | Jan 12, 2021


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text:
George Hope Bertram (March 12, 1847 – 20 March 1900) was a Canadian businessman and politician.

Born in Fenton Barns, Scotland to Hugh Bertram and Isabella Mack, Bertram emigrated to join his brother John in Canada in 1865. After opening a hardware store in Lindsay, Ontario, he moved to Toronto in 1876. A prominent businessman, Bertram was elected to federal parliament as a member of the House of Commons of Canada for Toronto Centre in an 1897 by-election. Bertram's daughter, Christine Mabel married William Henry Moore, a writer and lawyer who also became a Member of the Canadian House of Commons from Ontario. A Liberal, he died in office in 1900 and is buried in Mount Pleasant Cemetery, Toronto.

His brother John also served in the House of Commons.

References

1847 births
1900 deaths
Canadian Unitarians
Liberal Party of Canada MPs
Members of the House of Commons of Canada from Ontario
Scottish emigrants to pre-Confederation Ontario
Immigrants to the Province of Canada

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia