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Case Study: Jessica Singerman
Association member Jessica Singerman recently quit her day job to focus on pursuing her art full-time! Woohoo! We sat down to learn more about Jessica's trajectory: how she arrived from art school to quitting her day job, and what lessons other artists can learn from her experience.
Of her trajectory from art school to quitting her day job to create art full time, Jessica says it was "not linear."
"I finished my MFA at University of Delaware in 2004 and I had been teaching while I was in school.
I kept teaching, so I was teaching art at University of Delaware and the community college as an adjunct in New Jersey. I was doing the adjunct thing and I was also working at a bike shop.
I was painting, but kind of inconsistently. I didn't know what I was doing with my life after grad school. I would say the first few years out of graduate school I did not know what I was doing."
"Pilot Mountain 6", Jessica Singerman
It wasn't just the sense of uncertainty about the way forward that was an obstacle to Jessica's success at first. She shares that her understanding about the way that inspiration functions for the working artist was preventing her from making regular work:
"I had this misconception that you will work when you're inspired. And now I know that that's really far from the truth. You just work. You put the work in, and then inspiration comes."
It wasn't until her son was born and she experienced a crisis of identity that Jessica discovered how to incorporate a daily art practice into her life. She also found that this profoundly alleviated the symptoms of depression and anxiety.
"The Airplane Painting", Jessica Singerman
"I set this goal to do a daily project. I would do a project in one sitting, usually when my son was taking a nap, and I started hanging on to this for dear life. I did that for a few months. We were living in Australia at the time, so I didn't have a studio. My studio was like the contents of a little box. I learned really quickly that I had to make my work space easy to access, and my projects quick to get into with no clean up. I wasn't using oil paints at the time, I was using watercolors and inks and drawing. Everything was quick to set up and take down."
Jessica has fallen into a new rhythm since that time. She is still somewhat beholden to her son's schedule, but most often she chooses to make work first thing in the morning while her "critical brain is off". It was those early days of motherhood that taught her the importance of making art everyday. Around the time her son was one, she met a fellow artist through a life drawing class who referred her to a gallery in Charlotte. The gallery took her on, which Jessica described as "very validating." In the end the gallery didn't work out, however, and Jessica had to flounder a bit before finding new representation that was a better fit. She says of her current situation:
"I've got this gallery in Charlotte which is a great fit. The owner trusts me, and she's willing to take chances on my work, so I'm trying something different. I'm doing a big installation and a video projection in March as well as some paintings, to give her something a little more easy to sell. But I really appreciate that she's willing to take that chance on me.
I also work with a shop in Winston-Salem. It's a showroom for really high-end hand built furniture, and they also show other local artists there, so it's a really nice fit. It's a beautiful space. I also show at university galleries and other nonprofit spaces as well. This year in September I had a show at Salem College, I have some work going in to a faculty exhibit at a beautiful gallery at Winston-Salem State this month and then I'm showing in an architecture firm also next month."
"Birds Content", Jessica Singerman
This is a surprising amount of activity for Jessica, who was not too long ago struggling to make any work at all and feeling adrift between teaching, a full-time job, and trying to make room for her art. When asked how she accomplished her current lineup of representation and ongoing shows, she shared the details of that "non-linear" path that led her here:
"A friend of mine is friends with the owner of the gallery in Charlotte, and had mentioned my work to her. I showed her my work, and the gallery owner actually approached me, which has never happened in my life, and asked if I wanted to show in a three person show last march. That was kind of like a trial.
The shop in Winston-Salem I found through Instagram. Someone who I didn't even meet but we were following each other, had mentioned my work to their friends who run this shop. So when they opened the shop they asked me if I wanted to show some work there.
The show at Salem College last year, I found out who the contact was and emailed her. I asked her if I could show there, and actually it wasn't gonna work out for a couple of years, but then all of a sudden she had a hole she needed to fill. The Winston Salem State show is because I taught at Winston Salem State and they're doing a faculty exhibit."
"Autumn Colors Coming", Jessica Singerman
Perhaps one of the key takeaways from Jessica's experience is that it's all about who you know. She's had the benefit of valuable friends and acquaintances both in day-to-day life and on social media who recognized the quality of her work and shared it with others. So the key? Talk about your work.
The flip-side of that coin is that not only does Jessica talk about her work with people she knows and maintain a good online presence, but she also jumps at opportunities that present themselves.
"Forces of Nature 4", Jessica Singerman
Jessica also has the unique experience of being an art-world native who has had to find her wings outside of the protective bubble of art school and academia. As she has taken steps to grow her own career both with and without gallery representation, he has encountered elitist attitudes about doing the work of selling her own art:
"It's ego, you know? You don't want to look like you're selling your work, because then it's like you're selling out. And it's such a misconception, because the idea is that the galleries are going to take care of it. But even now, I think it's expected that you still represent yourself on social media. I have friends who are represented by plenty of galleries and they're still working it on social media.
So for me, it's ego. It's been just swallowing a lot of the misconceptions that- I don't know that they're actively taught, but you're definitely made to feel that if you try so hard to sell your own work, you're selling out or that you're not a serious artist. Not a lot of people talk about having day jobs in the art world, because it's like this dirty word. It's okay to be a teacher, and it's okay to have a wealthy partner and not mention it. "
"Light Igniting Fields, Trailing Clouds", Jessica Singerman
Jessica's current focus is on improving her writing, producing more content for her marketing efforts and finding a new rhythm, having recently quit her day job to pursue art full time (way to go, Jessica!)
"My big thing now really is not to overdo it. My natural tendency is to work all the time. And the big thing I want to work on this year is spending more time with my son. With a day job and teaching, I was teaching last semester, and then my art practice and the business, I was not spending what I felt was enough quality time with him and that's the big thing for me. That's the big shift. Spending more time with my son. Not overdoing it. Setting boundaries for myself, and not burning the candle at both ends, which I'm really good at."
Growing up, Jessica spent a lot of time drawing and making things. Looking back, the experience of making things was and still is the same for her: she is focused; nothing else matters except for what she is making at that moment, and in the best case scenario, she is in a state of flow. This feeling of being in the moment and fully engaged with her environment and what she is doing is similar to her experience when she is enjoying the outdoors. Whether in a forest or on a mountain top, what resonates with her are the feelings of being connected to the world and at the same time, of being small in a vast universe.
It's through making things and being in the outdoors that Jessica is able to connect to the world and to find her place in it. In the outdoors, we are reminded of how small we are in the world. We experience the vastness of the universe and at the same time, the interconnectedness of it all. See more of Jessica's work at http://jessicasingerman.com
Filed under: Guest Posts & Interviews, Success Stories
I just want to say, thank you so much for this post. Although my circumstances are different, I felt that I could really relate especially because I have a day job and want to make more time for drawing. I love drawing. I also wish Jessica the best and feel happy for her!
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This article would will discuss the exchange rate of the Canadian dollar (CAD) to the Nigerian Naira (NGN) today. After that, it would give an overview of the two currencies so you can pick one or two things from it.
The exchange rate above is for some of the most popular banks in Nigeria at the moment. Please Note, while we try our best to update with the latest fluctuation in the Market. It better to know that there could be any changes in the rate due to an instability of the parallel / black market.
Prior to independence, the exchange rate of the naira was valued at two naira's to one pound while one naira is currently equaled to one hundred kobo and vice versa. All of those whose portrait appeared in the nation's currencies have at one point in time in the history provided selfless services to the nation and as a result, the national authority decided to honour them through this singular act. The Nigerian currency which is the naira when converted to certain top world currencies like the dollar, you will notice that it has lost majorly part of its value in this present time.
The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) ensures that monetary stability and price stability in the economy of the nation is maintained through regulation of the amount and quantity/volume of money in circulation. As a sole issuer of this legal tender, it works hand-in-hand with all commercial banks of the country, institutions, and private individuals in other to preserve the prestige and value of the national currency.
In all countries of the world, the government is solely in charge of this task, and this is because if the task of printing and minting of the nation's currencies are left in the hands of private individuals it will be abused as this will give room for fake currencies to be in circulation all over the country, as witnessed in certain situations in the world where individuals have been caught with fake currencies.
The introduction of the naira as a legal tender into note was done by The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) on January 1, 1973. Earlier on in the nation's history, buying and selling were done through the use of cowries and manilas.
Prior to 31st March 1971, the official currency of Nigeria was still in pounds sterling, shillings and pence before the then Head of State announced the proposed move that Nigeria is to change to decimal currency which took effect from the 1st of January, 1973. The minor currency unit is called kobo, as one hundred of it would make it one Naira; as also the major currency unit is known as the Naira which would be equivalent to ten shillings. On February 28th, 2007, as part of the economic reforms, the following currency notes were reissued in new outlooks and designs and they are; N1 and 50K coins, N50, N20, N10 and N5 banknotes. While a new denomination N2 coin was also introduced.
The naira note of Nigeria has two divisions: polymer note and paper note.
Paper note became the first type of note to be used in Nigeria and this was used generally in all nations of the world.
The durability of the polymer note as against the paper note.
Its attractive nature and ability to gain public acceptance.
It has the ability to avoid stains from oil, water or any other liquid substance.
Polymer note came into use during the administration of the then GCFR President Umaru Musaar'adua 2007. This introduction was met with a high level of jubilation by millions of Nigerians all around the country.
The Canadian dollar (CAD) is the currency of Canada, abbreviated with the dollar sign $, or sometimes Can$ or C$ to distinguish it from other dollars -denominated currencies. The Canadian dollar currency is divided into 100 cents. The Currency is the 5th most held reserve currency in the world accounting for approximately 2% of all global reserves. The first being the U.S dollars, second being the Euro, third being the Yen and fourth being the Pound Sterling.


2019-02-06 11:31:542019-02-06 11:31:54https://quickbooks.intuit.com/in/resources/finance-and-accounting-cash-flow/cash-flow-statement/Finance and Accounting: Cash FlowEnglishCash flow statement represents your entity's cash inflows and outflows for a specified period. Here's a detailed guide on what is cash...https://quickbooks.intuit.com/in/resources/in_qrc/uploads/2019/02/Small-Business-Term-What-Is-Cash-Flow-Statement.jpghttps://quickbooks.intuit.com/in/resources/finance-and-accounting-cash-flow/cash-flow-statement/Small Business Term: What is Cash Flow Statement?
financial statements of other entities.
Given this, cash flow is the third accounting report that your business must prepare . So what is a cash flow statement? And what is the purpose behind preparing such a statement?
needs of your enterprise to utilize those cash flows.
Cash flow is prepared in addition to your entity's balance sheet and income statements. The purpose behind preparing cash flow statement is simple.
Your income during a period has no direct relationship with cash flows of that period. This is because income statement represents economic results of your operating activities during a said period. Also, the key concepts applied while measuring income are revenue recognition and matching of expenses. Accordingly, revenues and expenses are recognized in the period in which your business transactions occur. And such transactions are recorded irrespective of whether cash was paid or received at that time or at a later date.
Therefore, it becomes important to prepare cash flow statement separately.
A cash flow statement reflects inflows and outflows of cash from various activities of your business during a specified period. The fundamental objective of a cash flow statement is to provide data about cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities of your business.
This information is useful to multiple stakeholders of your company. It helps them in assessing your entity's ability to generate cash and cash equivalents; the timing and certainty of such cash flows. Additionally, it makes them aware of your enterprise's requirement to utilize those cash flows. Based on the information thus collected, the stakeholders take economic decisions.
Your business needs cash. This is because cash helps you to conduct operations, meet financial obligations and provide returns to owners.
A cash flow statement gives a snapshot of your entity's sources and uses of cash during a specified time. So let's understand why is it important to prepare a cash flow statement.
(iv) its ability to generate cash flows.
It helps them to adapt to the changing state of affairs and opportunities.
2. Your cash flows do not get affected by different accounting treatments and accruals. Therefore, it is difficult to manipulate information. Now, this helps to improve comparability of information regarding operating performance of different entities.
3. Additionally, cash flow statement helps users in making cash flow projections.This further helps them in developing models for comparing present value of future cash flows of different entities.
4. Furthermore, a cash flow report helps your business in balancing cash inflows and outflows. This allows you to adapt to changing circumstances. Since cash flow is used in conjunction with other financial statements, it helps in examining the relationship between profitability and net cash flow.
5. Lastly, it gives a fair view of the impact of changing prices on the cash flows of your business.
What are Cash and Cash Equivalents?
As defined earlier, cash flow statement highlights the inflows and outflows of both cash and cash equivalents from different business activities of your entity within a certain period.
According to Indian Accounting Standard (Ind AS) 3, the term cash stands for cash in hand and demand deposits with banks.
Whereas, cash equivalents represent short-term highly liquid investments that can be readily converted into cash. Such investments are low in risk as they are not subject to material changes in value. Also, these have a short maturity period of three months or less. For instance, short-term marketable securities are treated as cash equivalents. This is because these are highly liquid and can be converted into cash readily.
interest received on account of loans given are all cash inflows.
On the other hand, cash outflows arise from the payments made towards your business' operating, investing and financing activities. Examples of cash outflows include cost of goods sold, interest and principal payments and purchase of fixed assets.
Cash flows arising from varied business activities of your enterprise are the focus of attention of a cash flow statement. Such activities are classified into three categories: (i) operating, (ii) investing and (iii) financial activities.
These activities do not include financing and investing activities.
Thus, cash from operating activities helps stakeholders in assessing the level of solvency of your business. It indicates the ability of your business operations to generate cash. This further helps your business to maintain its operating capability and meet its financial obligations. Such obligations include making new investments and repaying loans.
as well as investments not considered as cash equivalents.
Such outlays are mandatory. This is because these expenditures help in maintaining the operating capacity of your business. These activities relate to purchase and sale of long term assets or fixed assets such as plant and machinery, land building etc.
investments in joint venture or affiliates.
In addition to changes in long term assets, capital expenditure calculation also includes depreciation. This is because depreciation changes the net of property, plant and equipment.
Separate footnote disclosures should be used to showcase assets and liabilities obtained or relinquished in acquisition or divestiture.
Financing activities refer to the capital or long-term funds of your business.These activities are the outcome of changes in the proportion and structure in the owner's capital and borrowings of your business. The elements of cash flow from financing activities include (i) inflows from additional borrowing and equity financing and (ii) outflows for repayment of debt, dividend payments and equity repurchases.
Extraordinary items are not regular in nature. These are non-recurring items. Hence, cash flows related with such items should be classified and disclosed separately. Loss due to theft is an example of an extraordinary item. Such items are declared separately as originating from operating, investing and financing activities. This is undertaken to enable the users of financial statements to understand the essence and impact of such items on the current and future cash flows of your business.
If your main business is that of lending and borrowing, then interest paid, interest received and dividends received are categorized as operating activities. Whereas, dividend paid is a financing activity. However, if your main business does not relate to lending and borrowing, then payment of interest and dividends are categorized as financing activities. While receipt of the same will be categorized as investing activities.
As a business, you pay a host of taxes such as income tax, dividend tax and capital gains tax. Thus, all the cash flows arising out of taxes on income should be disclosed separately. Moreover, such cash flows should be classified under operating activities unless these can be specifically identified with your investing and financing activities.
Non-cash transactions include those of your financing and investing transactions that do not require use of cash or cash equivalents. Such transactions should be excluded from your cash flow statement. For instance, procurement of machinery by issuing equity shares. Such non-cash transaction should be recorded elsewhere in the financial statements. These transactions should be recorded in a way that it represents all the relevant information about investing and financing activities.
Operating activities are the primary source of revenue generation and expenditure in your business. Thus, you should pay special attention your business' operating activities. Cash flows from operating activities should be reported by using either direct method or indirect method.
However, you should not consider certain items. Non-cash items like depreciation should be written off. And items categorized as investing or financing activities like interest received should not be considered in the direct method.
The reporting of investing and financing activities under the indirect method is just like the direct method. However, the reporting of cash flows generated from operating activity is quite different.
Under the indirect method, the ascertaining cash flows from operating activities begins with your company's net profit or loss. This is so because the income statement incorporates the effects of all operating activities of your business. But your income statement is prepared on accrual basis of accounting. Moreover, it includes certain non-cash items like depreciation and non-operating items like interest paid. Therefore, it becomes necessary to adjust the amount of net profit or loss for all such non-cash, non-operating items.
Besides adjusting your non-cash, non-operating items, there are other important adjustments that need to be made to the net profit/loss. These adjustments relate to changes in your working capital. Hence, to calculate the amount of net cash flow from operating activities, the increase in current assets and decrease in current liabilities are deducted from the operating profit. Whereas, the decrease in current assets and increase in current liabilities are added to the operating profit.
The reporting of investing and financing activities under both direct and indirect method is exactly same. You just need to showcase the major items of gross cash receipts, gross cash payments and net cash flows from investing and financing activities separately. These items should be represented separately under the headings "Cash Flow from Investing Activities" and "Cash Flow from Financing Activities" respectively.
To understand the preparation of cash flow statement, let's consider the income and expenses of JS Bike manufacturers as of March 31, 2018.
To start with the direct method cash flow, you need to review the operating income and expenses undertaken by JS Bikes in cash. This is done by assessing the balance sheet and income statement of JS Bikes. Consider the footnotes also if there are any. Say for instance, after considering trade receivables at the beginning and end of the year, the cash received from customers turns out to be Rs 3.015 Cr. Similarly, cash paid to suppliers and employees after considering trade payables & inventories at the beginning and end of the year stand at negative Rs 2.760 Cr. Then, to arrive at net cash flow from operating activities, you need to adjust income tax and extraordinary items.
After reporting cash flows from operating activities, the next step is to assess income statement and balance sheet items for reporting investing and financing activities. For instance, the company issued shares of Rs 2,50,000 in 2018 and borrowed funds through long term loan of Rs 2,50,000. Also, the company acquired fixed assets worth Rs 3,50,000 and sold equipment at Rs 20,000.
Finally, cash flows from operating, investing and financing activities are added to the cash balance at the beginning of the year. What we get is the cash and cash equivalents at the end of 2018 for JS Bikes.
For indirect method cash flow, the reporting of investing and financing activities will remain the same as direct method. However, to calculate cash flow from operating activities, you need to begin with Net Profit/Loss for JS Bikes. The same stands at Rs 33.90 Lakhs at the end of 2018. Then, you need to start adjusting the non-cash, non-operating items in the Net Profit.
For instance, depreciation that stands at Rs 4.50 Lakhs is added back to the net profit because its a non-cash items. Similarly, dividend income and interest income are subtracted from the net profit as these are cash flows from investing activities. Finally, the interest expense of Rs 4.00 Lakh is added back to the net profit as it is a non-cash item.
After adjusting for non-cash, non-operating items, you need to adjust for changes in current assets and current liabilities. What you finally arrive at is the cash flow from operating activities.
Small Business: How To Write A Business Plan?


"5 For this very reason, make every effort to supplement your faith with virtue,[a] and virtue with knowledge, 6 and knowledge with self-control, and self-control with steadfastness, and steadfastness with godliness, 7 and godliness with brotherly affection, and brotherly affection with love. 8 For if these qualities[b] are yours and are increasing, they keep you from being ineffective or unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. 9 For whoever lacks these qualities is so nearsighted that he is blind, having forgotten that he was cleansed from his former sins. 10 Therefore, brothers,[c] be all the more diligent to confirm your calling and election, for if you practice these qualities you will never fall. 11 For in this way there will be richly provided for you an entrance into the eternal kingdom of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.
If God looked at you, do you think he'd see a lack of spiritual discipline? The Bible, His love story to us, is one big challenge and we often fall short. It shows in our personal lives, our marriages, as fathers, in church attendance, at work, in our accountability, and especially in discipleship. We have often lacked discipline when it comes to God's word.
God's word has all the answers to our worries, questions, and problems but we are looking everywhere else but His Word. Why? Because we have become lazy, complacent and disobedient to His word. We are a generation that has grown biblically illiterate.
Well, I believe we fix it by beginning with 3- spiritual disciplines. If we claim to be a Christian, there are 3 things we should be doing daily.
First, read your Bible! EVERYDAY! I tell guys "Do not eat physically until you "eat" spiritually. Nothing will set your day off better than reading your Bible. Sit down with your Bible, a cup of your favorite morning beverage and start reading. Read a few verses or ready a couple of books. Whatever God leads you too. Keep a pen and paper handy to write down things you may want to look up later. Don't spend time in a study; just read!
Then pray! Spend some time in prayer. Just open up to God about what's on your heart. Talk with him just like He was right there. One of the great things about the apostles is that they had an opportunity to ask Jesus anything they wanted. You know what they asked? They asked, "Lord, teach us how to pray?" WOW. The apostle saw the change that happened to Jesus every time He prayed, and they wanted the same thing!
Lastly, learn to repent! Not to only ask for forgiveness, but repent. The word repent in the Greek is a military term that means "an about-face." In other words, learn to walk away from your sins! Run the other direction from them. Don't just ask for forgiveness but do your best never to return to them.
Spiritual discipline is not easy. But it is doable. Peter, in his second book, gives a great example of the Christian walk and how we should follow the virtues he points out. Read that section of verses and apply it to your life.
About the author: Jody Burkeen, the founder of Man Up God's Way and Pastor of Ignite Church.
Thanks so much I learned a lot about bible today.
Thank you for this and all of your posts!
Do you think the lack of spiritual discipline you describe in men today is any more significant in today's world than in biblical times?
Matt, that is a great question. Since the fall of man way back in the Garden, it's been a back and forth with man's desire of God. You can read about all of that in the old testament. But I think as we have gotten more distracted as a society and have a tendency to not have room for God in our lives. We have access to things we shouldn't have access to and crowds our life. It's why as you'll see in our stats, men don't invest in themselves, their families or communities because they are too busy doing other things. Those "things" will only get more and more as time goes on. We have to set aside time for God as he does NOT move back and forth with his desire for us.
I think when we all took stock of the way we spend our time, we'd realize we have more to spend with God and reading His Word.
Time alone with God, every morning, is the best thing I've done to improve my walk with him. I only wish I'd begun this practice sooner.
Thank you for the sound advice. Spiritual discipline has always been tough for me. It really boils down to intensionality and desire.
This challenge is always before us. I want to express a certain degree of caution here: first it may seem mechanical what you are doing especially reading the word and praying. Continue to do read and pray,you will break through into a of Rich time of fellowship with Yeshua/ Hebrew for Jesus.
Thank you Jody; what a great reminder. It's so easy to get caught up in the business of life, and iit never fails to amaze me how taking time to start the day with His truth seems to bring clarity to all things. We desperately need men to step up and accept your challenge.
Super good post. Thanks heaps for the challenge. Y'all are legends.
This is a great reminder to us all to continue to seek God. Complacency is a silent killer. It is like a weed that springs up choke what has been created to bear good fruit. Putting reminders on our many devices is one way to stay focus on any or all of these three disciplines. Adding it to your calendar assured that you have a blocked time for prayer in the middle of the day. Try this for a week and see the results.
Great advice. Feed yourself spiritually before you feed yourself physically. A great way to start your day.


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text:
Ein Pellikel ist im Bereich der Halbleitertechnik eine transparente Membran für Fotomasken zum Schutz gegen Verschmutzung.

Hintergrund

Bei der modernen fotolithografischen Strukturierung wird ein auf einer Fotomaske befindliches Strukturmuster in eine Fotolackschicht auf einem Wafer übertragen. Das Strukturmuster auf der Fotomaske ist dabei in Form einer strukturierten opaken oder teiltransparenten Schicht auf einem massiven transparenten Substrat "gespeichert". Gerade bei Anlagen nach dem Stepper-Prinzip, bei dem diese Übertragung der Maske mehrfach und rasterförmig erfolgt, wird deutlich, dass ein Defekt auf der Fotomaske die Zahl der Defekte auf dem Wafer massiv erhöhen und somit die Ausbeute drastisch reduzieren kann. Als Defekte sind hier vor allem Partikel unterschiedlicher Quelle (z. B. Staub) zu nennen, die sich an der strukturierten Schicht anlagern können. Anders als auf der unstrukturierten Seite des Maskensubstrates ist die Reinigung der strukturierten Seite komplizierter und ist immer mit der Gefahr einer Schichtbeschädigung, einer weiteren Defektform, verbunden. Aus diesem Grund wird versucht, die Verschmutzung der strukturierten Seite durch eine für die verwendete Strahlung transparente Membran, das Pellikel, zu verhindern.

Aufbau und Funktion
Ein Pellikel ist eine ca. 1 µm dicke Polymerfolie, die über einen fest auf der Fotomaske befestigten Rahmen aus Kunststoff oder Aluminium gespannt ist. Die Rahmenhöhe und somit der Abstand des Pellikels zur strukturierten Schicht beträgt in der Regel 5–10 mm, das heißt im Bereich der Maskensubstratdicke. Auf diese Weise entsteht ein mehr oder weniger isolierter Bereich – der Rahmen enthält kleine Belüftungslöcher, um Druckschwankungen auszugleichen und ein Durchbiegen des Pellikels zu verhindern – oberhalb der strukturierten Schicht, in der sich keine Partikel befinden und daher auch nicht auf die Schicht gelangen können.

Partikel aus der Umgebung, die auch in einem Reinraum der höchsten Klasse immer präsent sind, können durch das Pellikel nicht direkt auf die strukturierte Schicht gelangen, sondern fallen auf das Pellikel oder eben die unstrukturierte Rückseite der Maske. Pellikel bieten hierbei zwei Vorteile: Zum einen lassen sich Partikel auf den unstrukturierten Flächen relativ unkompliziert mit Stickstoff abpusten, ohne die Maske zu beschädigen, zum anderen sind sie dort mehrere Millimeter von der Maskenschicht entfernt. Letzteres ist günstig, falls sich ein Partikel zwischen den Inspektionsschritten neu angelagert haben sollte. Denn aufgrund der genutzten Schärfentiefe (ca. 1 mm) liegt das Partikel somit außerhalb des Fokus und hat nur sehr geringen Einfluss auf die Belichtung.

Anforderungen
Pellikel müssen hart, dünn (< 1 µm) und auch nach längerer Nutzung bei hohen Beleuchtungsdosen ausreichend transparent (> 90 %) für die Beleuchtungsstrahlung sein. Ausgangsmaterial für Pellikel sind organische Verbindungen, z. B. Zellulosenitrat für g-Linien- oder i-Linien-Lithografie oder amorphe Fluoropolymere für die DUV-Lithografie. Die Membrandicke muss dabei so eingestellt sein, dass sich durch Dünnschichtinterferenz eine maximale Transmission ergibt.

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

Lithografie (Halbleitertechnik)

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Ragging is banned in the college. The college has an anti-ragging committee governed by the staff members of the college. Dr. P.R. Sahu, Professor, is Coordinator of the committee. Dr. S. Vishwakarma, Professor; Dr. M. Sur, Asst. Pofessor, Dr. D. Chaturvedi, Asst. Pofessor; Dr. R. N. Yadu, Sports officer, Dr. S. Sahu, Asst. Pofessor, Dr. Mona Chawhan, Asst. Pofessor are members.


A Rice Krispie Treat is dipped in the finest chocolate and decorated with Flower Iced Motifs and sugar sprinkles.
Each Treat measures 5cm Square and weighs 50g.
Treats can be made in either Milk, White, Dark or Strawberry (PINK) Chocolate. Please choose your chocolate below.
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Q: Contrary argument on $\inf h(x)$ Suppose $h(x_n)$ is nonincreasing and we want to prove $\lim_{n\to\infty} h(x_n)=\inf h(x)$. $h$ is a function. Suppose we use a contrary argument, so we assume that $\lim_{n\to\infty} h(x_n) > h(x)$ for some $x$. Do we need any additional conditions? What if we want to prove $\lim_{n\to\infty} h(x_n)=\min h(x)$ using a contrary argument?

A: I assume that with $\inf h(x)$ you mean the infimum of the range of the function, let me call it $m$.
First a general fact:

Fact. if $h(x_n)$ is a convergent sequence (or diverges at $-\infty$), then $\lim_{n\to\infty}h(x_n)\ge m$.

The proof is easy. In particular, this holds if $h(x_n)$ is nonincreasing, because then it is convergent (or diverges to $-\infty$).
Let's now prove what you seem to be interested in:

$\lim_{n\to\infty}h(x_n)\ne m$ if and only if there exists $x$ such that $\lim_{n\to\infty}h(x_n)>h(x)$

Proof. Suppose that $\lim_{n\to\infty}h(x_n)>h(x)$; we have $\lim_{n\to\infty}h(x_n)> h(x)$ by assumption.
If $\lim_{n\to\infty}h(x_n)=m$, then we'd get $m>h(x)$, which is a contradiction.
Suppose instead that $\lim_{n\to\infty} h(x_n)\ne m$. Then $\lim_{n\to\infty}h(x_n)>m$ (because of the Fact above). Let $L>m$ be the limit. Then there exists $x$ so that $L>h(x)>m$, by definition of infimum.
QED
Here I assumed $m$ is finite; do the necessary changes for the case the function $h$ is unbounded below.
The case with the minimum has some additional complications (think to $h$ being a constant function).

A: The statement $\lim_{n\to\infty}h(x_n) = L$ means that
$$\forall \epsilon > 0,\,\exists n_0\in\mathbb N,\,\forall n\geq n_0,\,|h(x_n) - L|<\epsilon.$$
Its negation is hence
$$\exists \epsilon > 0,\,\forall n_0\in\mathbb N,\,\exists n\geq n_0,\,|h(x_n) - L|\geq\epsilon.$$
In other words, there is some $\epsilon >0$ and arbitrarily large indices $n$ such that $h(x_n)$ is at least $\epsilon$-away from $L$.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


The self-appointed leaders of Australia's Muslim Community have declined Prime Minister Scott Morrison's invitation to meet and formulate a common strategy in response to yet another outrage by yet another jihadi. Their response to that invitation was to demand all sorts of guarantees and preconditions which they must have known made the meeting impossible. The arrogance of that public rejection of what the PM in his innocence must have hoped would be a productive parley is nothing less than an outrage, in effect cocking a snook at the fear and concern of a nation rightly appalled by the Islamist terror it did nothing to aggravate or incite, other than welcome the firebrands and their creed to its shores.
Why would well-educated and prominent people, leaders of their religious community no less, quite deliberately choose to infuriate the entire nation? Even if there was no intention whatsoever of cooperating, they might just as easily have gone through the motions. Would it have been so difficult to turn up, nod their heads at the sadness of the Bourke Street attack, proclaim Islam once again to be the Religion of Peace™ and then go home after the obligatory photo op?
Instead, in their public utterances, the signatories who rejected the PM's invitation went with the well-worn and ever-handy politically correct strategy of depicting themselves as innocent victims of that much-touted but very seldom seen 'Islamophobia'. Thus did they slam shut the door on what could have been a dialogue with Australia's leader and, via him, the nation. They would have everyone believe, especially their own flocks, that they are defenders of the Muslim community. Defenders against whom? Defenders against what? If someone has incinerated a bomb-equipped car in Lakemba and then murdered passersby we have yet to hear of the incident.
However specious and disingenuous their position, we can feel a sort of gratitude that this 'leadership' group has laid its cards on the table by their refusal even to feign concern and cooperation. What they have done, however, is something of a favour to non-Muslim Australians, who can now take this opportunity to respond proactively — to take off the gloves, if you will, in the fight against the tendency to violence within the Muslim community. After such an insulting and arrogant refusal, a hardening of attitudes against Islamic radicalism and the enclaves from which it springs is both morally impeccable and logically unassailable.
What has been presented is no less than an opportunity to change for the better attitudes within the Muslim community, to replace hostile or, at best, aloof indifference with eager cooperation. What will affect such a sea change is enlightened self-interest: co-operation with authorities can be made a necessity out of a simple fear of negative consequences.
But first we must see 'Islamophobia' consigned to the rubbish bin, where it belongs. Australia, arguably the least racist country on the planet, cannot be gulled or bullied into further silence by the invocation of this hollow curse. Let's not mince words: there is no such thing as 'Islamophobia' on these shores. To the extent it exists it is only as a rhetorical device to throttle the needed discussion of reforming local Islam's frequently demonstrated propensity to produce violent zealots and unleash them on our streets. How often have you heard after each latest attack that it was the work of a lone wolf with mental problems? Well it seems there are entire packs of lone wolves, but only one creed produces them.
Once "Islamophobia" has been stripped of its ability to silence and foreclose frank talk, the next proactive step will be "shut down and deport".
Quite a number of accused terror suspects have been associated with various Islamic Centers and mosques. Time and again we have seen violent radicalism linked with places of Islamic worship. The Bourke Street Butcher and Jake Bilardi, the Melbourne teenager who blew himself up for Allah and ISIS, both passed through the Hume Islamic Youth Centre, whose imam refused to meet Prime Minister Morrison. The gun used to assassinate Curtis Cheng in Parramatta was handed to the killer inside a nearby mosque. These documented connections between places of worship and murderous radicalism have been observed and documented often enough but no action is ever taken.
True, some hate preachers are now serving long jail sentences, but this is not enough. How wonderfully it would concentrate the minds (and sharpen the ears) of imams were legislation to demand the surrender of religious properties where terror has nestled and bred. To avoid the charge of Islamophobia it would apply to all religions. In the unlikely event that the Children of Mary start acting up, Catholic churches would be forfeit too.
What's more, many are in receipt of taxpayer taxpayers' money, either directly, via aid to religion-based day schools, or indirectly in the form of the social security payments. Indeed, the Hume Islamic Youth Centre has been receiving grants of up to $1500 to fund the complex's annual Iftar dinner. Below, from the AFP's 2015 budget, some of its grants to mosques and Islamic organisations. Who knew it was part of modern policing to fund religious nosh-ups?
The imams who run these places are, as a rule, from overseas, notably from the countries with non-democratic, xenophobic and misogynistic cultures. In some cases these imams do not acquire the English language despite living in Australia for many years. All profess total ignorance of the Islamic radicalisation processes which were going on under their very noses. Frankly, I find those Captain Renault-style protestations of shock and ignorance less than persuasive. But let's accept the notion that these imams are deaf, blind, trusting to a fault and intellectually feeble to boot. After getting past the puzzle as to why congregations would hire Islam's bearded answers to Helen Keller as their spiritual leaders, we can focus on ways to make them more attentive, which the prospect of seeing a mosque confiscated would surely do.
It is entirely reasonable to assume any imam confronting such a loss would would run to the authorities the moment he learns about members of his congregation become radicalised. While running, he would have to formulate a really good reason why he should not be found responsible for such a transformation. Presenting his sermons in English would be an encouraging sign of a spiritual leader genuinely keen to see his flock assimilate with the host society. He might want to keep transcripts as well, thus able to cite all those days when he warned his congregants to reject the violent parts of the Koran and act in accordance with the nice bits.
We need to make it clear that each time any congregation member perpetrates terror or is convicted of scheming to do so, whether he worship in a mosque, church, synagogue, temple or whatever, that house of God will be shuttered, seized and its preacher (and his family) deported. We need to inform the prospective imam, rabbi or priest that it is his responsibility to monitor and act upon a terror threat coming from any member of his congregation. Doctors are legally obliged to report child abuse and there have been calls of late to rupture the seal of Confession and force priests to do likewise. Why should imams (and ministers too) operate under different rules?
The same set of rules should be applied to any religion-based school. Their curricula should be open to public scrutiny and, cultural and religious beliefs notwithstanding, what is taught must be brought to Australian standards. Any evidence of hate-preaching in the classroom should be the reason for close and detailed scrutiny, with the direct implication that closure is ordained and inevitable.
Now, let's talk about the almighty dollar. While the notion of deporting the families of terrorists does give some solace to an aggrieved soul, the legality of such deportation might present some difficulties. However, there is nothing in our laws to prohibit the financial auditing of such families. It is no secret that social security payments are much misused and thereby wasted. I understand and don't dispute that a decent society has an obligation to help those in need. However, do we have moral obligation to sustain the families of our enemies? Should we as taxpayers be underwriting the extended families of men with multiple wives and many children? I do not advocate an immediate and unconditional withdrawal of the social security payments from anyone. What I do suggest is an enforcement of existing laws and an audit of payments as an automatic measure for any member of the immediate and extended family of all who are convicted of terrorism. Should abuse be found, severe penalties would ensue.
The only reasonable exemption from such a measure would be the proactive reporting of unlawful activities to authorities.
Our politicians must heed the writing on the wall or, to be blunt, the blood in Bourke Street's gutter. While it is our obligation to defend our society, we must never slide into the tyranny of bigotry. In this regard the rudeness and churlish refusal of invited Muslim leaders to meet Mr Morrison can become a boon to their communities. By providing stern incentives to root out terror in their congregations and social circles, Islamic communities can be brought into the Australian mainstream.
And isn't that what the imams always tell kufar interviewers they want most of it all? Such measures will give them a chance to prove it.
e) Refusal to recognise a higher earthly authority than themselves or Sharia Law. The Prime Minister should be taking directions from the Imams, not the other way around.
Extend the same principles to child abuse and genital mutilation and I would vote for it in a heartbeat.
They won't play as it is the thin edge of the Islamic wedge, neither will the churches, one hand holding the other.
The powers that be are not just gutless, but also bullies – any proposals such as those you've outlined would never be used to prevent terror, as those responsible for enforcing them would become the next targets for Islamic terror attacks. Instead, they'd use them to harass and intimidate schools for such anti-PC beliefs as the idea that marriage is sacred.
No, the real problem is our trendy set. The Muslims aren't the problem: a group that has the honesty to admit that they want to conquer us? If we can't face them, how would we cope with a more subtle threat? But the 5th columnists *are* the problem, and need to be dealt with.
And the simple way is this – let the Muslims know that any Islamophile is fair game. They are welcome to enforce Sharia law on the usual suspects, those vermin who hate Western Civilization. It wouldn't be difficult to put together a list of phrases which used regularly demonstrate this – "Islamophobe" and "cultural imperialist" being at the top of the list. The Federal govt could under the external affairs power declare that any citizen of the Caliphate is welcome to enslave these enemies of Australia, and force them to live – or die – under those laws.
See the application to ban the Qur'an in Australia at http://www.ttwsyf.net. It has been on the desk of the PM, AG, and all Senators since mid-2017.
Jim, we didn't ban Mein Kampf during WWII. All banning the Koran would achieve is to make it easier for muslims to hide how evil their cult is.


text:
The Catastrophic Theatre
presents the World Premiere of
by Miki Johnson
Wednesdays – Saturdays, 8 p.m.
DiverseWorks Artspace
As much as any other work to which it might be compared, Miki Johnson's extraordinary debut play American Falls brings to mind Thornton Wilder's masterwork Our Town. Wilder's classic play depicted an epoch once present now past; American Falls is a slice of the times in which we live today. The two plays each feature the inhabitants of small towns and the ways in which their lives become entangled, the ways in which they are together and the ways in which they are apart. A sort of Our Town for our times, American Falls asks those ancient, unanswerable questions: What is it to live? What becomes of the child on the mysterious road to adulthood? What is it like to grow old? What does it mean to die?
The play follows a day in the lives of six living people and two dead ones in American Falls, Idaho. From a ghost drinking beer in a lawn chair to a Native American shoe salesman, the population of American Falls is the product of "America's improbable experiment." If not yet a melting pot then perhaps a mixing bowl – filled with stories at once funny and sad, full of heartache and pain, with love found and then lost, and the ways we negotiate a path ever-forward even while reflecting on the past. Some will lose and some will win; all will live and laugh and feel and die.
As these paths traverse in and out of each others' stories, the play carries us from Bruce Willis in Moonlighting to the actual moon; from conceiving babies while drunk on Budweiser beer to the difficulties of those babies, then children, then grown-ups; from the cool pain of alienation to the warm embrace of belonging. Along the way, references to pop culture – from National Public Radio to Harry and the Hendersons; from Frank Capra to Law and Order: Special Victims Unit – serve as metaphors to life. And so it is we pass from love to sex to pain to hate to sadness to badness to madness to love.
The world premiere of American Falls marks the arrival of a vital new voice for the American theatre. Miki Johnson has been an accomplished actor for seventeen years and she writes as an actor would: with characters that need each other and that need to move forward in their lives, with purpose, with good intentions and with bad… just as it is with any of us.
Lisa is the first of two ghosts we meet in American Falls. She perches above us and speaks from the vacancy of the beyond:
I mean, we do these things. We spill coffee down our sleeve, we read the labels on soup cans, we honk our horns and floss our teeth and cry and sing and swallow and turn on light switches and turn them off again and get places on time and get places late and watch TV and we get upset when a storm takes out the electricity and we blink and open drawers and sometimes forget to close them again and write ourselves reminders. All these things. And it's nothing. It's all nothing. And it's everything. Where I am which is nowhere, no light, no dark, no up or down or happy or sad, all these things fall away and there's nothing of you left but the dust you left on the dust. It's really very very beautiful. So beautiful I could cry. But there's no crying here and no coffee to spill. It's so lovely, so kind that this is how it ends.
American Falls tells the stories of a town like any other, populated by people that are utterly alone, their lives given meaning by the improbable ways in which they find one another; bound by geography, by purpose, by chance, and above all by their humanity.
The play reminds us that we all live in American Falls; that the human experience, and too the American experience, with its awe, its fear, its pain and its wonder, unites us in these most simple desires: to find not just a house but a home, to find in another a place of belonging, to locate that medicine love, in whatever ways we can manage to do so.
Fat, dead, magic, broken, saved.
American Falls.
Photo: George Hixson
Miki Johnson was born in the small town of Green, Ohio. Her first acting gig was a one-off in high school, where she played The Wicked Witch of the West in The Wizard of Oz. She received her BFA in creative writing at The University of Pittsburgh. While there, she and a friend produced Samuel Beckett's Happy Days, in which she played Winnie. And she's been acting ever since. Miki received her MFA in Acting from Yale University in 2005. Many plays and many cities later, she returned to Pittsburgh to play the lead role in After Mrs. Rochester, where she met her partner Jason. They moved to Houston and she set about setting the town on fire with her extraordinary performances at The Catastrophic Theatre, where she is a company member, and at Stages Repertory Theatre. In her first year here, she was named "Best Actress" by The Houston Press, in its annual "Best of Houston" issue. With Catastrophic, Miki has appeared in Endgame, Crave, Bluefinger, The Designated Mourner, Our Late Night, Spirits to Enforce and Big Death and Little Death. At Stages, she appeared in Mr. Marmalade and Oh! The Humanity. Miki's next original play, to be produced by Catastrophic Theatre this fall, is Fleaven. A rhyming, beat, hip-hop, disco affair, it features characters named Seven and Heaven and Stick and Sock and "the town's town villain" Flame. And it takes place in a town that is a mall. Miki lives in the Historic Sixth Ward in Houston with her partner Jason, their dog Fonzie, and their cats Jeff and Steve.
Wednesdays through Saturdays
May 25, 26, 30, 31, June 1, 2 6, 7, 8, 9.
All performances begin at 8pm
Performances will be held at DiverseWorks Artspace
1117 East Frwy.
All tickets are Pay-what-you-can
Tickets may be purchased online at catastrophictheatre.com
Or by phone at 713-522-2723
Creative Team:
Director: Jason Nodler
Scenic Design: Laura Fine Hawkes
Lighting Design: Kirk Markley
Costume Design: Andrew Cloud
Properties Design: Greg Dean
Sound Design: Chris Bakos
Stage Manager: Amy Bruce
Billy Mound of Clouds: Ricky Welch
Samuel: Kyle Sturdivant
Lisa: Jessica Janes
Eric: Troy Schulze
Matt: John Deloach
Maddie: Karina Pal Montano-Bowers
Samantha: Carolyn Houston Boone
info@catastrophictheatre.com
Jason Nodler, Artistic Director
jason.nodler@catastrophictheatre.com
713-522-2723×2
Kirk Markley, Managing Director
kirk.markley@catastrophictheatre.com

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


I designed this scripture to be framed as a request for one of my readers, little did I know how that would bless me. I offered this to Karen at Word Art Wednesday as one of the verses for this month, which led to Diane of Daydream Designs asking me to design a whole set to sell in her store. God always blesses our work for Him, no matter how small it is. Sometimes the blessings are not so evident, but they are always there. The biggest blessing I get from sharing my WORDart is knowing that God's Word never comes back void, when we share it, it will always bless someone. So create with it, share it, bless someone with it, pray that it will minister to their hearts and be exactly what they need at that time in their life.
Isn't is awesome to know that God fights our battles?!?!? I am so thankful for that! I love the part of this verse that says, "This is the heritage of the servants of the Lord". If you look up the word heritage in the dictionary the definition is: something that comes or belongs to one by reason of birth; an inherited lot or portion; something reserved for one. God has reserved this right for His children. He will fight our battles and we will be victors!
Your word art is beautiful! Just wanted to stop by and intro myself from the Daydream DT.
Thank you Karen for you art - and I am so glad to hear how you have been blessed.
Praise God for his unfailing Word! Thank you so much for sharing it with us in such a beautiful way!


But I have not seen such variety for bipolar circuits.
ECL can use some creativity as well but these gates require many transistors anyway so it's not as interesting.
A rough simulation shows that there is a conflict through the parasitic body diode when the inputs are opposite.
The "interlocked BJT" needs a clean path to 0V so I'm not sure that chaining two such structures is efficient, the voltage swings might be uselessly large ?
The ones I have comes with built-in freewheeling diode and therefore polarized.
Maybe, as notifications sometimes get lost in the mail... I'll look.
Another neat XOR: the one-transistor XOR gate. I've built this in hardware and it works well, but there are some quirks.
I've seen this in an analog circuit and I was puzzled at first... But it's worth a mention !
Yes, there MUST be a way.
>Q1 and Q2 are normally referred to as the differential switch. In the steady state, either Q1 or Q2 is on but not both, and the output logic state is determined by the voltage difference between the bases of Q1 and Q2. If Vb1 – Vb2 > 200 mV, Q1 will be turned on and Q2 turned off, and vice versa.
What if you feed the non-inverting signal of the two XOR operands into the True & Complement inputs of the differential receiver and tie the output for Q1 and Q2 together - wire-Or the output ? My brains can't run a spice simulation.
@Yann Guidon / YGDES You might be able to get it down to 3 transistors by joining the collectors of Q1 and Q2 and only using of the Q3/Q4. Don't know for sure until a spice simulation.
Using balanced inputs to an analog circuit, producing the XOR.... This is a double balanced mixer, known from RF engineering. An example is the https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_cell .
Since analog systems are balanced around zero, logic 0 is for instance +1volt and logic 1 is -1 volt (In practice, lower voltages might be used).
You see that the output is only logic 1 (-1V) if the inputs are different. So thats XOR !
You will find that the Gilbert cell uses a transistor circuit that looks very much like digital transistor circuits.
That is really cool! Glad I read it.


text:
34 LISTSAll Grown Up
Remember these child stars? How did they turn out?
3.0m readers
Disney Channel Original Movie Stars: What Are They Doing Today?
Kevin Jacobsen
Updated October 13, 2018 3.0m views26 items
If you grew up in the '90s, you probably devoured Disney Channel original movies. You may have thought most (if not all) were classics, but in reality, Disney Channel original movie stars have gone on to varying degrees of success since the release of their films. What happened to DCOM stars? Some went on to big screen careers, like Shia LaBeouf and Zac Efron. Others faded away, and seemingly haven't appeared in anything since their time at the House of Mouse.
You're probably already familiar with the current careers of onetime Disney stars like LaBeouf, Efron, Vanessa Hudgens, and Raven-Symoné. They've successfully moved past the point where they can be considered simply DCOM actors. Instead, it's time to delve into the lives and careers of lesser-known actors and supporting stars.
Have you ever wondered what happened to the Cheetah Girls, or Christy Carlson Romano, or the stars of Brink! and Zenon: Girl of the 21st Century and The Luck of the Irish? Where are the other actors in High School Musical now? The answers might surprise you.
Hilary Duff (Then)
Photo: Disney Channel
Hilary Duff was one of the biggest Disney stars of the early 2000s; she was the plucky title character in Lizzy McGuire. During that time, she also starred in the DCOM Cadet Kelly, a comedy a girl who moves to a new town and is forced to enroll in a military school.
The film also stars Disney Channel regular Christy Carlson Romano as a cadet captain.
Hilary Duff (Now)
Photo: Jason Merritt/TERM / Staff / Getty Images
Hilary Duff spent a quiet few years after leaving Disney. She continued making music, though with less success than before. She guest starred on a number of series before landing the role of ambitious editor Kelsey Peters on TV Land's Younger.
On the personal side of things, Duff has one son, Luca, whom she had with ex-husband Mike Comrie.
More Hilary Duff
Whatever Happened To Hilary Duff?#52 of 198 The Greatest New Female Vocalists of the Past 10 Years#415 of 843 The Best Actresses in Film History
Erik Von Detten (Then)
Erik von Detten was the star of the 1998 DCOM Brink!. The actor played Andy "Brink" Brinker, an in-line skater who competes for fun rather than money, but then must make a decision when his family falls into financial trouble.
Erik Von Detten (Now)
Photo: Wikimedia Commons / CC-BY
Erik von Detten appeared in many kid-friendly vehicles after Brink!, including So Weird, The Wild Thornberrys, As Told by Ginger, Recess, and The Legend of Tarzan. Having originally voiced Sid in Toy Story, he also returned to voice Sid all grown up in Toy Story 3.
Today, von Detten seems to have abandoned Hollywood, at least for the time being. He resurfaced in 2016 for the red carpet premiere of Adventures in Babysitting, the 100th DCOM. Von Detten brought his niece and nephew to the screening.
Disney ChannelEntertainment
Top 10 Current Queries in Actors: brian o shaughnessy philosophynames that mean Purejoycelyn o brien actressall time wide receiversjapanese voice actorsTyler Posey datingfemale chefs on tvfamous haikus about friendshipfamous ice skatersconservative female pundits


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Home » X Factor
Frankie offers advice to Little Mix 1
This entry was posted in Frankie Bridge and tagged all fired up Frankie Sandford little mix on your radar the saturdays X Factor on December 28, 2011 by Matt
Seem @thesaturdays are having a bit of a break after the tour, with Christmas over and done with now, and New Year coming up soon 2012 will be an interesting year for the group, with Una's baby due amongst other things. Hopefully it won't be too quiet, we are likely to see another single – probably a slow one, what with Una expecting soon – and then you can flip a coin if we will see a re-release of 'On Your Radar' or maybe another album release … greatest hits anyone? … either way it shouldn't be too quiet, but I think 2012 will be more on the quiet side than some fans might have been used to. If you miss a girl band craving, it seems our girls are still offering advice to X-Factor winners Little Mix, this is via CapitalFM:
The Saturdays have admitted that X Factor winners Little Mix asked them for advice when the two girl groups met.
The 'Up' singers revealed that it was nice to be looked up to as they did the same thing with Girls Aloud when they were first starting out together.
Speaking to Capital FM about Little Mix, singer Frankie Sandford said: "They asked us for some advice and it was really nice being in [that] position."
"When we met Girls Aloud we were like Little Mix and we were like 'have you got any advice'. It's actually really nice to be able to look up to someone and it's nice for us to be able to be like 'oh, we were like that before'," she added.
Frankie and the girls recently finished their UK and Ireland arena tour and at their Wembley Arena show, singer Una Healy announced her engagement to England rugby star Ben Foden.
Source: CapitalFM
X Factor – 19th November
This entry was posted in The Saturdays and tagged 2011 little mix the saturdays X Factor xtra factor on November 20, 2011 by Matt
On last night's show @LittleMixOffic met up with @TheSaturdays at their tour rehearsals. Our girls gave the girls of Little Mix some advice, and championed their cause to become X Factor winners 2011! You can catch the girls speaking to Little Mix below. Remember our girls will be on the Xtra Factor this evening – 9pm on ITV2 🙂
The girls hit the X-Factor (?) 1
This entry was posted in Rumors The Saturdays and tagged all fired up itv my heart takes over on my radar performance Rihanna the saturdays X Factor on November 9, 2011 by Matt (updated 2796 days ago)
@TheSaturdays are set to perform on the X-Factor on November 20th .. sharing the show with Rihanna according to reports in the media.
Global superstar Rihanna will be making her annual performance on The X Factor later this month, it has been claimed. The 'Only Girl' hitmaker will be singing her latest track alongside The Saturdays on the November 20 results show.
It'll be the first time the girl group have performed on the show, singing new single My Heart Takes Over and prompting their arena tour this winter, XFactor Updates reports.
We can't wait to see Una and her baby bump, but we're not sure about Frankie's live singing (The Saturday's member and X Factor contestant!)
Meanwhile Rihanna will no doubt be putting on another raunchy performance after her 'What's My Name' during last year's final caused hundreds of complaints.
Source: TellyMix
Edit: Please note we are mearly re-reporting what TellyMix are saying. ITV haven't (yet) totally confirmed the show for the 19th/20th November as they are still hyping up this weekends show with Lady GaGa. When ITV release their press statement for the show 19th/20th we can totally confirm what is or what isn't happening.
Saturdays star Rochelle Wiseman chats to OK! about Marvin, X Factor 2010 and Nadine Coyle
This entry was posted in Rochelle Humes Rumors and tagged boyfriend JLS nadine coyle ok magazine Rochelle Humes the saturdays X Factor on November 9, 2010 by Marit
Exclusive: The Saturdays singer Rochelle Wiseman opens up about her first Christmas with Marvin Humes and who she's voting for on The X Factor 2010
WE can't say we're not jealous of The Saturdays singer Rochelle Wiseman – the girl has got it all!
As if being a fifth of The Saturdays isn't enough, Rochelle Wiseman also gets to call JLS heartthrob Marvin Humes her boyfriend – and to top it all off, she's absolutely stunning.
And as this week's Facebook Friday prize is three pairs of tickets to see The Saturdays at the Kit Kat Senses Concert for a Cure in December, we thought we'd give Rochelle a quick call to find out about what else the girls are up to at the moment
She told us: "It's been non-stop for the past few weeks actually…We have ten days off for Christmas and as soon as we get back from that we go straight into rehearsals and then we go on tour at the end of January."
Phew, that's an awful lot of work for five girls.
But Rochelle told us she's looking forward to her time off with Marvin this Christmas, which will be the couple's first Christmas together in their new house.
She said: "The whole family are coming for Christmas, Marvin and I are going to have it at our house this year so everyone is coming to us. It's going to be really nice, I'm looking forward to it!"
And while we're on the subject of Marvin, Rochelle says the pair are still ridiculously happy and aren't letting all the excitement from the 'outside' get in the way of their romance.
She told us: "You kind of don't think about it [being in the limelight]. We don't know any different, ever since we met each other it's just how it has been.
"We always make sure we take time to do stuff together, without everyone else there and everyone else gawping in. But it's just normal for us."
Read the rest of this interview on the source.
X Factor bands struggle
This entry was posted in The Saturdays and tagged Mollie King the saturdays X Factor on February 4, 2010 by Issy (updated 3431 days ago)
The Saturdays have claimed that groups on The X Factor often struggle because they do not have the chance to get to know each other properly.
The 'Ego' five-piece insisted that it takes time for band members to work together and to develop their act.
"A lot of those bands are put together just to go on the show. But you need to gel and blend – and that's not something you can do over a ten-week show," Rochelle Wiseman told the Daily Mail.
"It's a shame that a lot of people think that to be famous you have to go on The X Factor."
Singer Mollie King auditioned for the ITV1 show with previous group Fallen Angelz in 2007.
The group recently claimed that they were disappointed that fewer girlbands had been successful on The X Factor.
Source:Digital Spy


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UK Markets close in 12 mins
Don't hug your elderly relatives this Christmas, Chris Whitty warns
Daniel O'Mahony and Harret Brewis
Chief Medical Officer Chris Whitty during a media briefing on coronavirus
England's chief medical officer has issued a stark warning to Britons ahead of emotional family reunions this Christmas.
Professor Chris Whitty said it was right that loved-ones should be able to spend time together over the festive period, but urged caution among vulnerable relatives.
Quizzed on the Government's plans for December, Prof Whitty told a Downing Street press briefing: "Would I encourage someone to huge and kiss their elderly relatives? No I would not..If you want them to survive to be hugged again."
Speaking alongside Boris Johnson and chief scientific officer Sir Patrick Valance, Prof Whitty told the public to take the pandemic "really seriously" over the holidays.
"Don't do stupid things," he said. "Don't do unnecessary things just because the rules say you can."
Meanwhile, Sir Patrick encouraged people to keep their homes well-ventilated, socially distance where possible and "avoid behaviours that would spread the disease".
He said: "I think hugging elderly relatives is not something to go out and do, it will increase the spread to a vulnerable population."
Heath Secretary Matt Hancock has previously appeared to rule out hugging relatives and friends at Christmas.
Speaking on Times Radio earlier this month, he said: "I've got no doubt that people will continue to respect social distancing throughout, because we know that that is so important for full control of the virus."
The two advisers' warnings came days after ministers from the UK's four nations agreed on a set of relaxed measures from December 23 to 27.
Under the plans, the Government pledged that relatives of care home residents in England will be able to hug their loved ones before Christmas if they test negative for Covid-19 and wear protective equipment.
The proposals, published on Monday, state: "The Government is committed, by Christmas, to providing twice-weekly testing to enable all care home residents to have regular visits from up to two visitors.
"If a visitor has a negative test, is wearing appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), and follows other infection control measures, then it will be possible for visitors to have physical contact with their loved one, such as providing personal care, holding hands and hugging."
However, the Prime Minister and leading scintists have instructed the public to "think carefully" over the festive period.
Peter Openshaw, professor of experimental medicine at Imperial College London, said: "I do hope that people will not let caution evaporate over the Christmas period and think that a short break from restrictions will be fine. It really won't.
"I urge everyone to maintain precautions and to be inventive and ingenious in devising ways to meet up in safety.
"Close personal contact is the main way this virus transmits and it should be possible to celebrate without letting the virus spread.
"Meet outdoors if possible, wear masks if you can't maintain safe distance, wash your hands and use gel.
"Feeling well does not guarantee that you don't have the virus: kissing your grandparents may be delivering a deadly dose of virus. Be pleased to see them but keep a safe distance."
Dr Julian Tang, clinical virologist at the University of Leicester, said: "There is a risk of a third wave in January 2021 if we relax too much at Christmas.
"Most people in the country are still susceptible to the virus and any mixing will just give the virus a chance to spread further.
"For some, this year's Christmas contact will be very important – perhaps more so than in other years.
"But if the rest of us who can tolerate a Zoom Christmas can do this to reduce the transmission risk for those who can't, this will also reduce the virus spread for that bit longer, which will help all of us – and hopefully prevent a New Year third wave and possibly another national lockdown."
Boris Johnson urged the public not to 'ease off' now
Mr Johnson also warned any substantial "easing off" over the festive five-day period could lead to another national lockdown in the New Year.
From next Wednesday, more than 55 million people face tougher restrictions in England with only the Isle of Wight, Cornwall and the Isles of Scilly set to enter the lowest level, Tier 1.
Large swathes of the Midlands, North East and North West are in the most restrictive Tier 3, but the majority of people – including London – will be in Tier 2.
At Thursday's press conference, Mr Johnson said: "I'm sorry to confirm that from Wednesday most of England will be in the top two tiers, with the toughest measures.
"And I know that this will bring a great deal of heartache and frustration, especially for our vital hospitality sector."
But he warned: "If we ease off now we risk losing control over this virus all over again, casting aside our hard-won gains and forcing us back into a new year national lockdown with all the damage that would mean."
What are scientists saying about Christmas bubbles?
Will I be able to spend Christmas Day with my family? Rules explained
PM confirms Santa is 'raring to go' in letter to eight-year-old boy
PM says 'your tier is not your destiny' as England set for new rules
Pubs brand Christmas covid rule changes 'a mockery'
Infection rates must be driven down before Christmas, top medics warn
Easing restrictions at Christmas only 'throwing fuel on Covid fire'
Online Training Session on International Payments (March 8-11, 2021) - ResearchAndMarkets.com
(Bloomberg) -- Bank of America Corp.'s traders had a good year -- but not as good as their rivals.Revenue from sales and trading rose 7% to $3.06 billion in the fourth quarter, missing analysts' $3.15 billion forecast. The division, helmed by Jim DeMare, was boosted by equities but saw a weaker trading performance in fixed income, currencies and commodities, driven by macro products and mortgages, the bank said in a statement. Competitors JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Goldman Sachs Group Inc., meanwhile, reaped windfalls from frenetic trading and volatile markets during the pandemic."With the change in interest-rate environment, I think you could see a lot of activity in FICC, so I don't think there's a reason to think it's going to decline dramatically from here," Chief Financial Officer Paul Donofrio said Tuesday on a call with reporters. "As long as the equity markets stay robust, you could see significant activity in 2021" for equity issuance, while the pace of bond issuance will probably slow this year with many companies having boosted liquidity and paid down debt.Investment bankers and traders have carried the load for their firms in the past year as consumer divisions came under pressure from the Covid-19 outbreak that shut down businesses and put millions out of work. After setting aside tens of billions of dollars to cover potential loan losses during the crisis, the largest lenders have fared surprisingly well. They even got approval last month from the Federal Reserve to buy back shares.Bank of America said its board authorized the repurchase of $2.9 billion of shares through March, the most allowed under Fed guidelines.Bank of America shares were little changed at $32.99 at 11:15 a.m. in New York.Investment-banking fees jumped 26% to $1.86 billion, beating the $1.62 billion estimate. The division, led by Matthew Koder, benefited from equity underwriting and mergers-and-acquisitions fees during the quarter. It posted record fees for the full year, fueled by three of the strongest quarters in company history."We saw a significant gain in our investment-banking market share," particularly among middle-market clients, Chief Executive Officer Brian Moynihan told analysts on a conference call. "This has been a multiyear effort" of hiring and connecting investment and commercial bankers across the country.The Charlotte, North Carolina-based company's net interest income, or revenue from customer loan payments minus what the company pays depositors, decreased 16% to $10.3 billion. Executives said first-quarter NII will probably stay relatively flat before rising through the rest of the year."We've got to work it back up from here," Moynihan said. "It's a four- or five-quarter fight."Consumer banking continued to weigh on results. Net income for the unit fell 17% to $2.6 billion, under pressure from lower interest rates and higher health and safety costs. But executives reiterated their optimistic stance."We continued to see signs of a recovery, led by increased consumer spending, stabilizing loan demand by our commercial customers, and strong markets and investing activity," Moynihan said in the statement. "The latest stimulus package, continued progress on vaccines and our talented teammates -- who performed well helping their customers through this crisis -- position us well as the recovery continues."Also in the fourth-quarter results:The efficiency ratio, a measure of profitability, improved to 69% from 71% in the third quarter.Net income fell to $5.47 billion from $7 billion a year earlier. It exceeded the $4.9 billion estimate of 12 analysts. Per-share earnings of 59 cents beat analysts' 55-cent forecast. For the full year, net income fell 35% to $17.9 billion.Total revenue decreased about 10% to $20.1 billion.(Updates with chart after third paragraph and full-year net income in penultimate bullet point. An earlier version of this story corrected the percentage increase in seventh paragraph.)For more articles like this, please visit us at bloomberg.comSubscribe now to stay ahead with the most trusted business news source.©2021 Bloomberg L.P.
The "International Payments" training has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering.
Worldwide Casing and Cementation Hardware Industry to 2025 - Middle-East and Africa to Witness Significant Growth
Dublin, Jan. 19, 2021 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The "Casing and Cementation Hardware Market - Growth, Trends, and Forecasts (2020 - 2025)" report has been added to ResearchAndMarkets.com's offering. The global crude oil production is expected to grow at a CAGR of more than 1.65% in the forecast period of 2020-2025. Increasing upstream activities in regions like Middle-East and the United States are driving the need for casing and cementation hardware. An increase in exploration activities in the shale reservoir and deepwater reservoirs are also driving the market in the forecast period. On the other hand, the global decline in crude oil prices and the shift towards renewable energy can limit the upstream activities in the forecast period and restrain market growth.Key Market TrendsCasing Hardware to Dominate the MarketSuccessful casing installation requires several tools and equipment like floating equipment, stage tools, centralizers, scratchers, casings, liners, and others. Despite global crude price fall in 2020, Petroleos Mexicanos is aiming to double the drilling wells to 423 in 2020. New wells are expected to create significant demand for casing hardware in the forecast period.Vedanta's upstream subsidiary, Cairn Oil and Gas, is planning to invest INR 58,521 crore across to conclude exploration work across 30 blocks in India, With new exploration activities, demand for casing and cementation is anticipated to rise during the upcoming period.Surat Gas project in Australia is expected to hold more than 60% of the country's proven coal seam gas. With an estimated project development cost of USD 7.15 billion, the project is expected to be initiated by 2021. Multiple wells will be drilled, requiring casing and equipment at a massive scale.The increase in global crude oil production to 94.7 million barrels per day has resulted due to the drilling of new wells, which are increasing the demand for casing hardware significantly.Due to the Coronavirus pandemic in 2020, delay in upstream projects is anticipated to slowdown the growth of the market. However, later in the forecast period, with the initiation of projects, casing hardware is expected to dominate the market. Middle-East and Africa to Witness Significant GrowthPars Oil and Gas company is expected to develop phases 13 and 14 of South Pars gas field in 2020. Thirty-eight new wells in phase 13 and 44 new wells in phase 14 are to be drilled, which will require casing hardware for completion work in the forecast period. Middle-East has the largest proven reserves of oil. With 113 thousand million tons of crude reserves, large scale drilling and completion activities are expected in the region, driving the casing and cementation hardware market in the future.Kish gas Field in Iran spread on both offshore and onshore locations is expected to hold 59 trillion cubic feet of gas. The field is to be developed in three phases with multiple wells. The project is expected to create ample market growth in the forecast period.In January 2019, Halliburton signed two contracts with operators Eni to provide integrated drilling services at the Zubair oil field. Development wells are to be drilled in the forecast period, creating demand for casing and cementation hardware.Middle-East and Africa has one of the highest proven reserves and produced one-third of global oil production. With multiple exploration and development projects in both oil and gas fields, the region is expected to witness significant growth in the casing and cementation hardware market. Competitive LandscapeThe casing and cementation hardware market is moderately fragmented. Some of the major companies operating in the market include National-Oilwell Varco, Inc., Halliburton Company, Weatherford International plc, Vallourec S.A, and Baker Hughes Company.Reasons to Purchase this report: The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format3 months of analyst support Key Topics Covered: 1 INTRODUCTION1.1 Scope of Study1.2 Market Definition1.3 Study Assumptions 2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4 MARKET OVERVIEW4.1 Introduction4.2 Market Size and Demand Forecast in USD billion, till 20254.3 Recent Trends and Developments4.4 Government Policies and Regulations4.5 Market Dynamics4.5.1 Drivers4.5.2 Restraints4.6 Supply Chain Analysis4.7 Porter's Five Forces Analysis4.7.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers4.7.2 Bargaining Power of Consumers4.7.3 Threat of New Entrants4.7.4 Threat of Substitute Products and Services4.7.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry 5 MARKET SEGMENTATION5.1 Type5.1.1 Casing Hardware5.1.2 Cementation Hardware5.2 Location of Deployment5.2.1 Offshore5.2.2 Onshore5.3 Geogrpahy5.3.1 North America5.3.2 Europe5.3.3 Asia-Pacific5.3.4 South America5.3.5 Middle-East and Africa 6 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE6.1 Mergers and Acquisitions, Joint Ventures, Collaborations, and Agreements6.2 Strategies Adopted by Leading Players6.3 Company Profiles6.3.1 Halliburton Company6.3.2 Weatherford International plc6.3.3 Vallourec S.A6.3.4 Baker Hughes Company6.3.5 National-Oilwell Varco, Inc6.3.6 SLEDGEHAMMER OIL TOOLS PVT6.3.7 Centek Group6.3.8 Summit Casing Equipment6.3.9 Tenaris SA 7 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE TRENDS For more information about this report visit https://www.researchandmarkets.com/r/99502qResearch and Markets also offers Custom Research services providing focused, comprehensive and tailored research. CONTACT: CONTACT: ResearchAndMarkets.com Laura Wood, Senior Press Manager press@researchandmarkets.com For E.S.T Office Hours Call 1-917-300-0470 For U.S./CAN Toll Free Call 1-800-526-8630 For GMT Office Hours Call +353-1-416-8900
Caitlyn Jenner is being tipped to star in HBO Max's upcoming Sex and the City reboot And Just Like That in an effort to bring some diversity to the show.


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text:
The Power of a Teacher
October 10, 2018 ∙ by rbacchus ∙ in Perspectives, This Month's Issue
Story by V. Michelle Bernard
Tears streamed down Manny Scott's face as talked to some 5,000 Seventh-day Adventist educators at the North American Division 2018 Teachers' Convention in Chicago.
Scott, one of the students whose stories were told in part in the 2007 movie, Freedom Writers, grew up with his father in jail and a cocaine addicted stepfather. He stole his first car at age 11, smoked marijuana and drank. He fell so far behind in school, had such poor English grammar skills, that he was classified as an English as a Second Language student. "And we didn't speak any other language at home," he said.
Through the years, several people touched his life, including a cafeteria worker, and a man on a bench who introduced him to Christ. But Erin Gruwell, the English teacher portrayed in the movie, really reached him. After struggling to inspire her inner city students to learn the classics, she embraced their culture and used music and film that her students connected with. Although she personally disdained rap music, she used art forms the students already embraced to teach English principals, like using rapper Snoop Dogg's lyrics to explain iambic pentameter to her students.
Those students, including Scott, graduated high school, many graduating from college and beyond.
Drawing on that experience, Scott, now a successful motivational speaker and founder of Ink International, an education consulting firm, encouraged the teachers to also make a difference in their students' lives, like Gruwell made in his. "Sometimes you have to believe in someone else's belief in you before yours sets in," said Scott, who further encouraged the teachers that even on their worst days, they can be someone else's hope.
"You can never be paid enough for what you do. … [But] if you continue living and serving the Savior, it shall not be in vain," he said.
Read these stories from the 2018 October Visitor:
Defending Orphans Fast
Docentes Reunidos en Convención de la División Norteamericana
Exemplifying the Face of Jesus
Getting Closer to Christ


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This site is awful it looks fancy but I think they are con men, I ordered on the 9th Sept and no perfume has arrived, I have been phoning and phoning and no answer and I have emailed several times with no reply, the money has left my account and now im left with no perfume, do not buy from this site!!!!
My order was placed over 2 weeks ago, i have been e-mailing daily, NO REPLY! I have been phoning daily, NO ANSWER. Customer service seems to mean nothing to these people. Not sure they even exist other than a fancy web site.
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A repressively benevolent bureaucracy, intent on limiting and harnessing the effects of an IQ-boosting drug known as R-47, is thwarted by an underground led by an R-Master, latest of the drug-produced supergeniuses. Our hero's apolitical to start with but his chemically expanded perspective reveals the flaws in his superficial utopia. Energetically suspenseful, though the intriguing premise of an intelligence-enhancing drug might have been more fully developed.