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2010 Senate Campaign: Chris Coons for Delaware
The potential Democratic candidate for US Senate in Delaware is an excellent one, and progressives should get behind him.
Now that Beau Biden has officially passed on trying to take his Dad's old Senate seat, Marc Ambinder reports that New Castle County executive Chris Coons is the Democratic front-runner to take on Republican fake-moderate Representative Mike Castle. This is one of those races that progressives can get behind, because Chris would be an outstanding senator.
I knew Chris in law school, although I haven't been in touch with him since. But he is extremely smart and passionately committed to public service. He also has a devastating sense of humor.
Although Castle poses as a moderate, he has voted with the Republicans virtually all the way down the line in the last session, opposing the stimulus, health care reform, and student loan reforms (although in fairness he did support Waxman-Markey: his complete voting record is here). He's been in Washington for two decades with nothing to show for it. He's sort of this year's Olympia Snowe: if elected to the Senate, he'll hem and haw and waste everyone's time, and then do what Rush Limbaugh tells him to do.
This is an easy call, with an experience local progressive running against a Washington-based Republican who cuddled up to Newt Gingrich when it was convenient. I hope Ambinder's report is right.
Author: Jonathan Zasloff
Jonathan Zasloff teaches Torts, Land Use, Environmental Law, Comparative Urban Planning Law, Legal History, and Public Policy Clinic - Land Use, the Environment and Local Government. He grew up and still lives in the San Fernando Valley, about which he remains immensely proud (to the mystification of his friends and colleagues). After graduating from Yale Law School, and while clerking for a federal appeals court judge in Boston, he decided to return to Los Angeles shortly after the January 1994 Northridge earthquake, reasoning that he would gladly risk tremors in order to avoid the average New England wind chill temperature of negative 55 degrees. Professor Zasloff has a keen interest in world politics; he holds a PhD in the history of American foreign policy from Harvard and an M.Phil. in International Relations from Cambridge University. Much of his recent work concerns the influence of lawyers and legalism in US external relations, and has published articles on these subjects in the New York University Law Review and the Yale Law Journal. More generally, his recent interests focus on the response of public institutions to social problems, and the role of ideology in framing policy responses. Professor Zasloff has long been active in state and local politics and policy. He recently co-authored an article discussing the relationship of Proposition 13 (California's landmark tax limitation initiative) and school finance reform, and served for several years as a senior policy advisor to the Speaker of California Assembly. His practice background reflects these interests: for two years, he represented welfare recipients attempting to obtain child care benefits and microbusinesses in low income areas. He then practiced for two more years at one of Los Angeles' leading public interest environmental and land use firms, challenging poorly planned development and working to expand the network of the city's urban park system. He currently serves as a member of the boards of the Santa Monica Mountains Conservancy (a state agency charged with purchasing and protecting open space), the Los Angeles Center for Law and Justice (the leading legal service firm for low-income clients in east Los Angeles), and Friends of Israel's Environment. Professor Zasloff's other major activity consists in explaining the Triangle Offense to his very patient wife, Kathy. View all posts by Jonathan Zasloff
Author Jonathan ZasloffPosted on January 25, 2010 March 22, 2011 Categories UncategorizedTags Campaigns
7 thoughts on "2010 Senate Campaign: Chris Coons for Delaware"
RickG says:
Hmmm…I live in New Castle County. I am not sure that the County exec is much of a match for Castle. New Castle county government isn't particularly popular. I am not 100 percent sure, but I do believe Coons ran unopposed last time around. Delaware is full of places where the candidate of one party runs unopposed.
I suspect Biden might have had a chance, but also that Castle is a shoo in. Too bad, because given the environment, we might as well be handing Alabama a third US Senate seat.
Jonathan Zasloff says:
Hi Rick —
Thanks for this. My sense — and you can disabuse me of this — is that given Delaware's small size, even a county executive can challenge for a US Senate seat. Remember also that Al D'Amato was a county executive. I take your point; I also think very highly of Chris.
I don't know much about upstate Delaware but those downstaters are a contrarian lot. Without Sarah of the North to vote against I suspect any Democrat is going to be hard pressed to hang onto that seat against Castle's smiling face.
An illustration of the charachter of Slower Lower Delaware: I once saw a copy of the map showing the original land grants from the King Of England. The names on that map are the names of all of the wealthy and powerful people in the area today. The power structure of Sussex County Delaware was in effect established by the King of England in the seventeenth century and hasn't changed since. The good ol' boys like it just fine that way.
I haven't lived in the state that long. However, I was a bit mystified by the 2008 election results. If I recall, Obama won with about 65 percent of the vote, Biden held onto the Senate seat and Jack Markell, a Democrat, won governor. From there, though the coattails didn't hold. Castle won election easily. Most of the balance in the legislature returned. In looking at the vote totals, it was surprising to see the number of unopposed candidates. In my area, in southern New Castle County, the Republican State Senator won, although challenged by a union supported Democrat, who at least mounted something of a campaign.
Delaware has three counties, New Castle (the largest and most populous) to the north, Kent (which includes Dover) in the center and Suffolk to the south.
Markell may be able to make something out of resurrecting the Valero Oil Refinery in Delaware City, which was a serious body blow here. He clearly took an activist role in it, and if it works, may pay some dividends.
The problem with being associated with New Castle county is that its most public face to a lot of people is in its real estate permitting practices, where it is slow, unpredictable and seemingly downright capricious in decision making. So if one's qualifications for the job is the County Exec, people may not be real excited.
Admittedly, there doesn't seem to be much of a "bench" to step up to the race, so someone like Coons could easily end up as the candidate. Whether he can win against an established statewide name is another question. As it stood, Beau Biden was going to have a tough and possibly not winnable race.
daveinboca says:
Although Castle poses as a moderate, he has voted with the Republicans virtually all the way down the line in the last session, opposing the stimulus, health care reform, and student loan reforms….
Sounds like he might be a "Scott Mike Castle Brown" Republican, which means that he might be as liberal as good ol' http://thinkprogress.org/2010/01/25/lieberman-pos… Lieberman, who may recant his past and return to give the Repubs a majority in the Senate, if it's a toss-up at 50-50. That would keep Joe Biden from voting on ties. JL is a foreign policy hawk & a domestic lib, but could makr a mid-career move to fill the Repub Party Conference with another honest and [relatively] ethical member.
Ni Daye says:
If Castle as an old man of 72+ year old can fight for a seat, where is the fire under the belly for a young Biden? This man is a chicken. He calculates he may lose this year and he's willing for someone to sabotage his father's policies without even putting up a fight. He wants to have Castle to retire on 2014 so he can have it easy. Dream on, Mr. Chicken Shit Biden, you are good for nothing. I hope Chris Coons will run and best if he can win. This should put an end to Biden's dream of ever holding his father's seat. At least, if Coons comes close, he can mount a strong primarily challenge against the Young Biden. Oh, maybe the senior Biden will be mounting a comeback for his old seat as an ex-Vice President?
One appreciates a fighter. Who needs a chicken that does not even fight before giving up? If you cannot fight in the name of your father for teh country, you are good for nothing, absolutely nothing!!!
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The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), and the U.S. Interagency Council on Homelessness (USICH) have announced the number of veterans experiencing homelessness in the United States has been cut nearly in half since 2010 with 13,000 unsheltered homeless veterans living on the streets in January, 2016. View local estimates of veteran homeless on the HUD Exchange website. The success can be attributed in part to the effectiveness of the HUD-VA Supportive Housing (HUD-VASH) Program. For more information, visit VA's Ending Veteran Homelessness webpage, HUD.gov, or call the HUDVET National Hotline at (877) 424-3838. Veterans who are homeless or at imminent risk of becoming homeless should contact their local VA Medical Center and ask to speak to a homeless coordinator or call 1-877-4AID-VET.


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Who's Afraid of John Maynard Keynes?
By James K. Galbraith
An except from Galbraith's review of Paul Davidson's Who's Afraid of John Maynard Keynes? Challenging Economic Governance in an Age of Growing Inequality
How Liberals Normalized Conservative Ideas
Featuring Binyamin Appelbaum and Rob Johnson
The New York Times' Binyamin Appelbaum explains the role Democratic presidents, from Kennedy to Obama, in moving economic policy to the right
Why We Need a Multidisciplinary Economics
Featuring Alan Kirman
Economics needs to better incorporate other social sciences
Coding Private Money
By Katharina Pistor
The state has long used law to back private money—with dire consequences, then and now
What Lehman Brothers Tells Us About American Capitalism
By Aaron Freedman
Ben Power, who adapted the play "The Lehman Trilogy," talks about the eponymous family's role in the creation and destruction of American wealth
Rates of Return on Everything: A New Database
By Moritz Schularick
Returns on wealth exceed growth for more countries, more years, and more dramatically than Piketty has found
Socialism in Our Time?
One of America's leading socialists discusses how a collectively owned economy would be structured, the limits of the welfare state, and what Keynes understood that Marx didn't
Modern Monetary Inevitabilities
By Robert Dugger
For all the talk of Modern Monetary Theory representing a brave new frontier, it is easy to forget that the United States has gone down this road before, when the US Federal Reserve financed the war effort in the 1940s. Then, as now, the question is not about government debt, but about the debt's purpose and justification.
Antitrust in American History: Law, Institutions, and Economic Performance
By Mark Glick
The Chicago School's weakening of antitrust law hurt the economy
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I've just returned from a long weekend in Seville. This is a beautiful city with wonderful buildings, parks, restaurants, bars and orange trees. But did you know about the Banyans? Many of the city squares and parks have a Banyan Tree or two - the Ficus Macrophylla (aka Moreton Bay Fig or Australian Banyan).


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Manager of the DOE Oak Ridge Office.
Chair Office of Science Committee of Visitors review of New Brunswick Laboratory.
Startup and restart manager for complex nuclear facilities.
Operational Readiness review team leader.
Chairman of the NNSA Human Performance Improvement (HPI) working group.
Senior Instructor at Nuclear Executive Leadership training.
Federal Project Director for major DOE projects (DWPF, TEF, MOX).
Represented the United States in international nuclear security programs.
Worked in the Office of Science, National Nuclear Security Administration and Office of Environmental Management.


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Monica U Santos Science 11.22.2016 01:Nov AM EST
Philippines DOH Confirms, A 16-Year-Old Pregnant Woman Has Zika Virus
The Philippines Department of Health (DOH) on Wednesday confirmed that there are now two cases of pregnant women with Zika virus all over the country. The first case was confirmed last September while the second case is a pregnant 16-year-old girl from Las Piñas City. The confirmation regarding the news was made by the Philippine DOH spokesperson Dr. Eric Tayag in his Twitter account, citing that "Dr. Pau (Health Secretary Dr. Paulyn Ubial) confirms second pregnant with Zika, 16-year-old from Las Piñas City."
A 16-Year-Old Pregnant Woman Has Zika Virus
The pregnant 16-year-old girl is in her 32nd week or 8th month of pregnancy. According to Interaksyon, one of the leading news channel in the Philippines, Dr. Eric Tayag said the woman has manifested skin rashes and fever. Confirmatory tests showed she is positive with Zika virus infection. In the tweet, Tayag also said that she has not yet undergone an ultrasound examination.The confirmation was done in coordination with the City Health Office of Las Piñas, which provided the details on the suspected and confirmed cases.
Tayag said they are also closely monitoring the community to check if there are more cases in the area, as reported by CNN Philippines. He added DOH of the country is seeking the help of local government units in their "very serious campaign against these mosquitoes." Of the 33 cases, 12 were recorded in Iloilo; four in Bacoor, Cavite; three cases each in Mandaluyong and Calamba, Laguna; two cases each in Antipolo, Las Piñas and Muntinlupa; one each in Cebu, Quezon City, Makati, Caloocan, and Manila.
Pregnant Woman On Zika Virus
According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), A pregnant woman can pass Zika virus to her fetus during pregnancy. Zika is a cause of microcephaly and other severe fetal brain defects. We are studying the full range of other potential health problems that Zika virus infection during pregnancy may cause. There are no reports of infants getting Zika virus through breastfeeding. Because of the benefits of breastfeeding, mothers are encouraged to breastfeed even in areas where Zika virus is found.
Tags Zika zika virus Zika Mosquitos philippines DOH Pregnant Woman


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The cadets from the MMA Medical Faculty, Belgrade University of Defence joined the humanitarian assistance aimed at helping population endangered by floods on the territory of Obrenovac community. All accepted contributions of 67.000,00 RSD, they have donated as necessary hygienic instruments, drugs, children's diapers and socks needed for the Obrenovac inhabitants located in collective centers. The collected help has been given to the student center "4. april", elementary school "Gavrilo Princip" in Zemun and Red Star stadium. Volunteers and their colleagues in centers received disinfecting equipment, as masks, gloves, cloths, "asepsol", etc.
Since May 22, 2014, cadets daily support the MMA Sector for Preventive Medicine team members, involved in terrain sanitation in flooded areas, as a part of preventive medical protection within the SAF Defence Ministry.
Their assignments include hygienic and epidemiological surveillance, terrain sanitation, water supply control, waste management control as well as prevention from spreading different infectious diseases.


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It's Hard to Believe in the Coming Apocalypse
Oct 31, 2018, 05:56AM
"Sexist" Philosophy Professor Lectures All Men
A disingenuous New York Times op-ed apology that's self-serving.
"Men, listen up" is how George Yancy, professor of philosophy at Emory University, began his New York Times mea culpa, "#IAmSexist," last week. A sage shares some wisdom with the less enlightened in a piece that's part tutorial and part self-denunciation, long a favored ritual of the Left. The guilty writer's seeking atonement by making a big deal about being complicit in forcing women to "live under the yoke of our self-serving construction of a violent, pathetic and problematic masculinity."
Yancy calls for some Soviet-style self-criticism from every single man. He offers us this pompous rallying cry: "So, join me, with due diligence and civic duty, and publicly claim: I am sexist!"
As evidence of his sexism, the writer confesses he fears that he'll someday lose his "entitlement" as a male, but doesn't explain what that means. He's a "sexist" because he selfishly insisted his wife take his name when they were engaged, even though when they did get married she kept her name. "While this was not sexual assault," Yancy writes, "my insistence was a violation of her independence." Why would anyone in his right mind who, for a moment, wanted his wife to take his name feel it necessary to tell us that this didn't constitute "sexual assault"? Even the most crazed, man-hating radical feminist wouldn't jump to that conclusion. If you're reading this op-ed and still holding out hope that the professor might have something to offer, this is the point where you should realize that's not going to happen.
Pivoting to address the women of the world, Yancy writes that he's failed them through his "uninterrogated collective misogyny," whatever that might be. Thinking it might be some new feminist jargon I'd missed, I Googled it but found nothing. The phrase certainly has jargon potential though. This paragraph builds like a crescendo of absurdity, concluding with: "I recognize my silence as an act of violence. For this, I sincerely apologize." First we heard from the Left that words can be violence, which was meant as a justification for the repression of free speech, and now silence can be violence too? In other words, everything can be violence, including doing nothing at all.
Yancy criticizes all men for "our catcalling and threatening," as if they go hand in hand or are equivalent in any way. This is where the reader's supposed to deny doing those things, along with the other offenses Yancy's accusing all men of, including the "dehumanizing and despicable sexual gestures" that he doesn't explain. But the professor's ready for this comeback. He believes that every single man—and I'm sure not if this is in the world or just in the U.S.—is at least partially to blame for all of Bill Cosby's and Harvey Weinstein's rapes and sexual abuse: "I argue that we are collectively complicit with a sexist mind-set and a poisonous masculinity rooted in the same toxic male culture from which these men emerged." The professor argues, but doesn't convince. He offers not a shred of supporting evidence because he's preaching to the choir—radical feminists who already accept this as axiomatic.
The guilt-ridden professor dramatically issues "a clarion call against our claims of sexist 'innocence.'" He instructs us that we all must stop our gaslighting, and scolds us for our "pornographic imaginations," because even the erotic imagination must be policed now.
This op-ed reads like parody at the end when Yancy takes us back to when he was a priggish 15-year-old budding third-wave feminist who asked his friend, "Why must you always look at a girl's butt?" The friend asked him if he was gay—not a completely unreasonable question under the circumstances. This put the author in what he felt was an "unfortunate bind"—either he should "without question objectify girls' behinds," or he must accept the fact that he was gay. Yancy writes that boys saying to each other, about a girl, "Look at that butt!" were participating in an act of "soul murder."
Why is Yancy trying to convince us what a horrible sexist he is when by the age of 15 he was already a woke scold? Imagine how many of us were so much less virtuous than he was at that age, which is exactly why he included that particular anecdote. The professor doesn't admit to any real unacceptable acts towards women here—unless you think fearing you'll lose your "male entitlement" is something serious—because this is an empty performance aimed at gaining prestige and achieving moral purity.
With this extended piece of folderol, the professor's written a cri de coeur for acceptance as a worthy "ally" to feminists, which under the rules of intersectionality means he listens in the back of the room and accepts everything he's told. Now that Yancy's groveled and slagged all men off in the New York Times, that phone call should be coming any day now.
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Megyn Kelly Was Unfairly Bounced from NBC.
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Newer Politics & Media
Immigrate with Confidence
Canadian Author Steven Galloway Poleaxed By #MeToo Mob Mentality
Young Americans, Wake Up!


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Standardized Tests Show Learning Loss for Georgia Students
Results of the state's Milestones tests showed low participation and a rise in failing students compared to the 2018-19 school year, fairing worst in high school, where more students had online classes.
Ty Tagami, The Atlanta Journal-Constitution
(TNS) — After more than a year of schooling in crisis, Georgia education officials released the results of state standardized tests that confirm what many feared: students lost a lot of ground during the pandemic.
How much ground remains open to debate, even with these new scores.
Hundreds of thousands of students declined to enter their schools to take the Milestones tests, which are given on computers but were not offered online. The low participation rate has fueled doubts about the accuracy of the aggregate scores that are used to calculate the average performance numbers for schools, school districts and the state overall.
There were no consequences for skipping the tests. State officials had already announced that the resulting scores would be stripped of their influence over high school course grades, decisions about the promotion or retention of younger students and the evaluations of teachers and school principals
The tests are first given in third grade, where about a fifth of the students opted out. Participation rates dropped from there, with about 40 percent of eighth-graders skipping the tests. High school turnout was lower still.
Even so, the scores in Georgia follow the general arc of those in other states, such as Louisiana and Tennessee, that have already released results: down.
Georgia's overall scores fell from the 2018-19 school year, the last time the tests were given. The percentage of failing students rose by 2 to 9 points, varying by grade level and subject.
The largest declines were in high school, where more students likely attended online.
Among the key measures of future success that many observers look for is the performance in reading and writing in third grade.
In metro Atlanta, Clayton County saw the largest increase in the proportion of students — 23 percentage points — who performed in the lowest quartile for English Language Arts, according to an analysis by The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. These "beginning learners" failed to demonstrate proficiency in the knowledge and skills for the subject and will need "substantial" help preparing for the next grade, according to the state's rating system.
Cobb and DeKalb counties saw double-digit increases in their third grade English Language Arts failure rates while Atlanta and Gwinnett County kept the increase in their failure rate at under 10 points, the AJC found. Fulton County's rate was little changed from 2019.
However, the scores do not represent overall enrollment in several of those districts, with fewer than half of third-grade students taking their English test in Atlanta and fewer than a third doing so in Clayton.
Just over half the students took the test in DeKalb, fewer than two-thirds in Fulton and less than three out of four in Gwinnett. Cobb had the highest participation rate at 86 percent.
Ordinarily, the federal government wants participation rates of at least 95 percent but the requirement was not enforced for these tests due to the pandemic.
The main problem with using the scores to calculate averages: it is unclear who skipped the tests, whether the low-performing students who typically suppress the scores or the high performers who buoy them.
"Regardless of who got tested, you're going to see lousy scores," said Chester E. Finn Jr., the emeritus president of the Thomas B. Fordham Institute, an educational research and advocacy organization. "Scores are going to be down and if they're like everyplace else that I've seen and heard about there's going to be very little if any growth." In an interview last week, he predicted the Georgia scores would officially document the "learning catastrophe" depicted anecdotally over the many months of the pandemic. "It's a bleak picture. There're no two ways about it."
In a statement accompanying the release of the scores Monday, the Georgia Department of Education warned about using the new scores for comparisons.
"While the scores show slight decreases compared to 2018-2019 — the last year Georgia Milestones tests were administered — it is essential that these results be interpreted in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated learning disruptions, along with differences in participation," the agency said.
The Georgia Association of Educators said in a news release that the new scores suggest that the public should not expect test scores to accurately measure the performance of teachers. The effect of the pandemic "shows the impact external factors often have on children's performance on standardized tests," the group's president, Lisa Morgan, said in the statement.
The federal government requires that states test students in math and English in grades three through eight and once in high school. They also must be tested once in science in elementary, middle and high school. Georgia adds two social studies tests: Georgia history in middle school and U.S. history in high school. The U.S. Department of Education waived the testing requirement in the spring of 2020 when COVID-19 first shuttered schools. It required resumption of test administration last school year but waived the use of the tests for grading schools and educators.
Schools in Georgia have received billions of dollars in federal relief money, and the test scores may well factor into decisions about how those dollars are spent.
Allison Timberlake, who oversees testing for the Georgia Department of Education, is confident in the results as a guide for state-level spending in broad categories such as literacy and numeracy. But she said local decisions should be led by more information, such as the scores from low-stakes "formative" tests that many districts use throughout the school year.
"When it gets to school and district-level data we just have to be careful," said Timberlake, the deputy superintendent over assessment and accountability.
Timberlake saw few patterns in the data except for one detected by prior research at the national level: math slipped further than English. Last year, national scores from the MAP Growth assessments, a formative test used by more than 300 Georgia schools, showed reading more or less intact but math suffering, with the worst performance at the elementary school level.
Besides the questions about the statistical accuracy of the aggregate scores, their utility for each child is also in question. Do the scores accurately gauge what they learned — or didn't learn — or are they more a reflection of test-taking amid the duress of a pandemic, or of the apathy that might come when everyone knows the scores don't really matter?
"There're so many different confounding factors that we won't be able to tease apart," said Dana Rickman, president of the Georgia Partnership for Excellence in Education, a research and advocacy group. "What is this really measuring?"
Parents should regard the results with skepticism, but should not completely dismiss them, advised Scott Marion, executive director of the Center for Assessment, which consults with states, including Georgia, on the design and use of tests.
If the scores are worrisome or contradict expectations, talk with teachers after the first weeks of school. They get to know students quickly and will know within a month — sooner for younger kids — which of them have crucial gaps in knowledge, he advised.
"The worst thing people can do is try to remediate kids on everything they didn't learn before. ... Because all the stuff you learn in certain grades you don't need the next year. You learn it because people think it's important to at least know once," he said. "If you try to remediate everything that kids didn't learn the year before, then you're lucky to start the regular school year by January."
©2021 The Atlanta Journal-Constitution (Atlanta, Ga.). Distributed by Tribune Content Agency, LLC.
PolicyK-12EducationDigital Transformation


text:
Several independent candidates contested the 1975 Ontario provincial election, none of whom were elected.  Information about these candidates may be found here.

Marvin Gordon (Oakwood)

Gordon (born in Toronto March 18, 1930, died January 26, 2013) was a frequent candidate for public office during the 1970s.  A 1972 newspaper report lists him as a thirty-four-year-old teacher and lawyer.  In the 1974 municipal election, he campaigned for school trustee on the slogans "Cut the high cost of education and reduce your taxes" and "Restore traditional values to the classroom".  He later campaigned in favour of lower property taxes and an increased police presence.

He was president of York's Ward One Tenants Association in 1975, and opposed plans to have trucks routed through the area by authorities in Metropolitan Toronto.

Gordon was a member of the Liberal Party during the 1970s, and contested the party's nomination for Oakwood in 1975.  After losing to Richard Meagher, he ran as an independent candidate.  He later affiliated with the New Democratic Party, and campaigned with the endorsement of that party and the Ontario Secondary School Teachers Federation in the 1985 municipal election.  He opposed the extension of separate school funding, and wanted an increased emphasis on basic learning.

He received 558 votes (2.96%) in the 1975 election, finishing fourth against New Democratic Party candidate Tony Grande.

Footnotes

1975

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Nathan Woolfe (Manchester, 1988. október 6. –) angol labdarúgó, aki jelenleg a Bolton Wanderersben játszik. 2008. március 13-án mutatkozott be a nagycsapatban a Sporting Lisszabon elleni UEFA-kupa-meccsen.

Angol labdarúgók
A Bolton labdarúgói
1988-ban született személyek
Élő személyek


People's Choice Festival celebrates the arts nearly everywhere you look! See, create and buy imaginative art from artists of all ages.
Mark your calendar this July to attend The Peoples Choice Festival in Boalsburg, PA. The small community of Boalsburg goes all out to welcome Pennsylvania .
Jul 14, 2011 . Three women from Lancaster turned Thursday into a sort of art holiday, visiting two area festival kickoffs.
Pennsylvania Military Museum, Boalsburg, PA 16827. . 602 Boalsburg Pike, Boalsburg, PA, 16827 . 7/12, 8:00a, People's Choice Festival of PA Arts;. 7/13, 8: .
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Boalsburg Village has kept its atmosphere of small-town intimacy and . People who live here and own businesses strive to maintain the town's unique personality. . Mansion (Early May), Memorial Day, People's Choice Festival (Mid -July), .
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Welcome to Peoples Choice Arts Festival on Facebook. Join now to write reviews and connect with Peoples Choice Arts Festival.
Boalsburg hosts the People's Choice Festival of Pennsylvania Arts, and is the home of the Pennsylvania Military Museum, and 28th Division Shrine.
Annual arts and crafts festival featuring the best of Central Pennsylvania's artisans; Food, fun and family entertainment in a park-like setting on the grounds of the .
Thursday, July 12, 2012, All Day, 602 Boalsburg Pike, Annual arts and crafts festival featuring the best of Central Pennsylvania's artisans; Food, fun and family .
PEOPLE'S CHOICE FESTIVAL OF PENNSYLVANIA ARTS. Pennsylvania Military Museum 602 Boalsburg Pike Boalsburg, PA 16827 814-466-6263. Date(s): .
Friday, July 13th, 6:30 PM, People's Choice Festival, Military Museum Grounds ( Boalsburg). Sunday, August 5th, 6:00 PM, South Hills Summer Concert, South .


text:
Ashokan Farewell (for Intermediate String Orchestra)
Score and Parts (Vln I & II, Vla, Vcl, Bass, Guitar, Banjo, Piano) -
Ungar Ashokan Farewell - Intermediate String Orchestra
Title: Ashokan Farewell
Composer: Jay Ungar
Instrument: Violin, Viola, Cello, Bass, Guitar, Banjo, Piano
Instrumentation: String Orchestra, Guitar, Banjo and Piano
Ungar's Ashokan Farewell is one of two Popular arrangements for intermediate string ensemble included in Richard Young's Comprehensive String Pedagogy & Curriculum. A portion of the proceeds of sales for all CSPC music goes to support free music education at The People's Music School.
Since CSPC was originally designed for "sistema-inspired" projects in South America, a number of "popular" Latin American pieces are included. But since the need for these materials also exists in North America, this example of American folk music is offered as well. Ashokan Farewell has been a longtime favorite among those who live near the Ashokan reservoir in New York's Catskill Mountains, not far from where the 1969 Woodstock Festival took place. Composed by Jay Ungar, a prominent local "fiddler," it gained worldwide attention when it was featured in the Ken Burns television series on the American Civil War.
Every piece we explore should be played in a style that is appropriate for that genre. For example, a "Mozart style" is altogether different from a "Tchaikovsky style." And even though the bambuco, cumbia, and tango may sound similar to uninitiated listeners, each has its own unique flavor. Similarly, North American folk music sounds very different depending on the region. For example, Nashville's "country music" is not at all like that from Appalachia. And the sound that's right for square-dance fiddlin' in the American Midwest doesn't work for Cajun fiddle tunes from the Bayou.
Full program notes are included with the score. There are fingerings and bowings in all the string parts of every one of CSPC's pieces. These "cooked-in" technical solutions target the particular levels of the students. They are not just pragmatic but "musical."
Please note that due to a loss of source files, the PDF files of the music have been generated from scanned copies of printed parts. While every effort has been made to produce high quality parts, the limitations of scanning will result in some degradation of print quality.


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text:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Collections;

namespace GSAKWrapper.UIControls.ActionBuilder
{
    public class ActionImplementation
    {
        [Flags]
        public enum Operator : int
        {
            Equal = 1,
            NotEqual = 2,
            LessOrEqual = 4,
            Less = 8,
            LargerOrEqual = 16,
            Larger = 32,
        }

        public class OutputConnectionInfo
        {
            public Operator OutputOperator { get; set; }
            public ActionImplementation ConnectedAction { get; set; }
            public int PassCounter { get; set; }
        }

        public string Name { get; private set; }
        public string ID { get; set; }
        public Point Location { get; set; }
        private ActionControl _assignedActionControl = null;
        public List<string> Values { get; private set; }
        public long TotalGeocachesAtInput { get; private set; }
        public System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch TotalProcessTime { get; private set; }

        public virtual SearchType SearchTypeTarget { get { return SearchType.General; } }

        //higher means it is calles before the other
        public virtual int Priority { get { return 50; } }

        //connections
        private List<OutputConnectionInfo> _outputConnectionInfo = null;

        public Database.DBCon DatabaseConnection { get; private set; }
        public string AssignedTableName { get; private set; }
        private List<string> _createdTables;

        public ActionImplementation(string name)
        {
            Name = name;
            _outputConnectionInfo = new List<OutputConnectionInfo>();
            Values = new List<string>();
            _createdTables = new List<string>();
            TotalProcessTime = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch();
        }

        public void CreateTableInDatabase(string tableName, bool dropIfExists = false, bool emptyIfExists = true)
        {
            if (!_createdTables.Contains(tableName))
            {
                _createdTables.Add(tableName);
            }
            if (dropIfExists)
            {
                DatabaseConnection.ExecuteNonQuery(string.Format("drop table if exists {0}", tableName));
            }
            DatabaseConnection.ExecuteNonQuery(string.Format("create temp table if not exists '{0}' (gccode text)", tableName));
            DatabaseConnection.ExecuteNonQuery(string.Format("create UNIQUE index if not exists '{0}_idx' on {0} (gccode)", tableName));
            if (emptyIfExists)
            {
                DatabaseConnection.ExecuteNonQuery(string.Format("delete from {0}", tableName));
            }
        }

        public virtual bool PrepareRun(Database.DBCon db, string tableName)
        {
            DatabaseConnection = db;
            AssignedTableName = tableName;
            CreateTableInDatabase(ActionInputTableName);
            foreach (OutputConnectionInfo oci in _outputConnectionInfo)
            {
                oci.PassCounter = 0;
            }
            TotalProcessTime.Reset();
            return true;
        }
        public virtual void FinalizeRun()
        {
            TotalProcessTime.Start();
            foreach (var t in _createdTables)
            {
                DatabaseConnection.ExecuteNonQuery(string.Format("drop table {0}", t));
            }
            _createdTables.Clear();
            TotalProcessTime.Stop();
        }

        public string ActionInputTableName
        {
            get
            {
                return string.Format("{0}_inp", AssignedTableName);
            }
        }

        public string ConnectorOutputTableName(Operator op)
        {
            return string.Format("{0}_{1}", AssignedTableName, op.ToString());
        }

        public void Run(string inputTableName)
        {
            ApplicationData.Instance.StatusText = string.Format("{0} {1}", Localization.TranslationManager.Instance.Translate("RunningAction"), Localization.TranslationManager.Instance.Translate(this.Name));

            //get input list
            TotalProcessTime.Start();
            CreateTableInDatabase(ActionInputTableName, emptyIfExists: false);
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(inputTableName))
            {
                DatabaseConnection.ExecuteNonQuery(string.Format("insert into {0} select Code as gccode from Caches", ActionInputTableName));
            }
            else
            {
                DatabaseConnection.ExecuteNonQuery(string.Format("insert or ignore into {0} select * from {1}", ActionInputTableName, inputTableName));
            }
            TotalGeocachesAtInput = (long)DatabaseConnection.ExecuteScalar(string.Format("select count(1) from {0}", ActionInputTableName));
            TotalProcessTime.Stop();

            if (_outputConnectionInfo.Count == 0 && this is ActionImplementationExecuteOnce)
            {
                string connectorTable = ConnectorOutputTableName(Operator.Equal);
                TotalProcessTime.Start();
                CreateTableInDatabase(connectorTable, emptyIfExists: false);
                Process(Operator.Equal, inputTableName, connectorTable);
                TotalProcessTime.Stop();
            }
            List<string> processedOps = new List<string>();
            foreach (var c in _outputConnectionInfo)
            {
                if (c.ConnectedAction != null)
                {
                    string connectorTable = ConnectorOutputTableName(c.OutputOperator);
                    if (!processedOps.Contains(connectorTable))
                    {
                        TotalProcessTime.Start();
                        CreateTableInDatabase(connectorTable, emptyIfExists: false);
                        Process(c.OutputOperator, inputTableName, connectorTable);
                        TotalProcessTime.Stop();
                        processedOps.Add(connectorTable);
                        c.PassCounter = (int)(long)DatabaseConnection.ExecuteScalar(string.Format("select count(1) from {0}", connectorTable));
                    }
                    else
                    {
                    }
                    c.ConnectedAction.Run(connectorTable);
                }
            }
        }

        public virtual void Process(Operator op, string inputTableName, string targetTableName)
        {
            //e.g. insert or raplace into targetTableName select Code as gccode from Caches inner join inputTableName on gccode.Code = inputTableName.gccode where Name like '%w%'
        }

        public void SelectGeocachesOnWhereClause(string inputTableName, string targetTableName, string whereClause, string innerJoins = "")
        {
            DatabaseConnection.ExecuteNonQuery(string.Format("insert or ignore into {0} select distinct main.Caches.Code as gccode from main.Caches inner join {1} on main.Caches.Code = {1}.gccode {2} where {3}", targetTableName, inputTableName, innerJoins ?? "", whereClause));
        }

        public void UpdateCachesFromInputTable(string setters)
        {
            TotalProcessTime.Start();
            var cnt = (long)DatabaseConnection.ExecuteScalar(string.Format("select count(1) from {0}", ActionInputTableName));
            if (cnt > 0)
            {
                DatabaseConnection.ExecuteNonQuery(string.Format("update Caches set {1} where exists (select 1 from {0} where {0}.gccode=Caches.Code)", ActionInputTableName, setters));
            }
            TotalProcessTime.Stop();
        }

        public void InsertGeocacheCodes(string targetTableName, List<string> codes)
        {
            while (codes.Count > 0)
            {
                var batch = codes.Take(500).ToArray();
                codes.RemoveRange(0, batch.Length);
                DatabaseConnection.ExecuteNonQuery(string.Format("insert or ignore into {0} (gccode) values ('{1}')", targetTableName, string.Join("'), ('", batch)));
            }
        }

        public bool ConnectToOutput(ActionImplementation impl, Operator op)
        {
            if ((from c in _outputConnectionInfo where c.ConnectedAction == impl && c.OutputOperator == op select c).FirstOrDefault() == null)
            {
                OutputConnectionInfo oci = new OutputConnectionInfo();
                oci.OutputOperator = op;
                oci.ConnectedAction = impl;
                _outputConnectionInfo.Add(oci);
                return true;
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        public void SelectedLanguageChanged()
        {
            if (_assignedActionControl != null)
            {
                _assignedActionControl.Title.Content = Localization.TranslationManager.Instance.Translate(Name);
            }
        }

        public List<ActionImplementation> GetOutputConnections(Operator op)
        {
            return ((from c in _outputConnectionInfo where c.OutputOperator == op select c.ConnectedAction).ToList());
        }

        public int GetOutputConnectorPassCounter(Operator op)
        {
            return ((from c in _outputConnectionInfo where c.OutputOperator == op select c.PassCounter).FirstOrDefault());
        }

        public List<OutputConnectionInfo> GetOutputConnections()
        {
            return _outputConnectionInfo;
        }

        public void RemoveOutputConnection(ActionImplementation impl)
        {
            List<OutputConnectionInfo> ocil = (from c in _outputConnectionInfo where c.ConnectedAction == impl select c).ToList();
            foreach (var oci in ocil)
            {
                _outputConnectionInfo.Remove(oci);
            }
        }
        public void RemoveOutputConnection(ActionImplementation impl, Operator op)
        {
            var oci = (from c in _outputConnectionInfo where c.ConnectedAction == impl && c.OutputOperator == op select c).FirstOrDefault();
            if (oci != null)
            {
                _outputConnectionInfo.Remove(oci);
            }
        }

        public ActionControl UIActionControl
        {
            get { return _assignedActionControl; }
            set { _assignedActionControl = value; }
        }

        public virtual UIElement GetUIElement()
        {
            return null;
        }

        public virtual void CommitUIData(UIElement uiElement)
        {
        }

        public virtual bool AllowEntryPoint
        {
            get { return true; }
        }

        public virtual Operator AllowOperators
        {
            get { return Operator.Equal | Operator.Larger | Operator.LargerOrEqual | Operator.Less | Operator.LessOrEqual | Operator.NotEqual; }
        }

        public ComboBox CreateComboBox(string[] items, string value)
        {

            ComboBox cb = new ComboBox();
            cb.Width = 150;
            if (items != null)
            {
                foreach (string s in items)
                {
                    ComboBoxItem cboxitem = new ComboBoxItem();
                    cboxitem.Content = s;
                    cb.Items.Add(cboxitem);
                }
            }
            cb.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
            cb.IsEditable = true;
            cb.IsSynchronizedWithCurrentItem = false;
            cb.IsEnabled = true;
            if (Values.Count == 0)
            {
                Values.Add("");
            }
            cb.Text = value;
            return cb;
        }

        public static Operator GetOperators(string sGC, string sV)
        {
            return GetOperators(sGC.CompareTo(sV));
        }

        public static Operator GetOperators(int cmp)
        {
            Operator result = 0;
            if (cmp == 0)
            {
                result |= Operator.Equal;
                result |= Operator.LargerOrEqual;
                result |= Operator.LessOrEqual;
            }
            else
            {
                result |= Operator.NotEqual;
                if (cmp < 0)
                {
                    result |= Operator.Less;
                    result |= Operator.LessOrEqual;
                }
                else
                {
                    result |= Operator.Larger;
                    result |= Operator.LargerOrEqual;
                }
            }
            return result;
        }

        protected List<string> AvailableCustomFields(Database.DBCon db)
        {
            var result = new List<string>();
            var dr = db.ExecuteReader("select fname from CustomLocal");
            while (dr.Read())
            {
                result.Add(dr.GetString(0));
            }
            result.AddRange((from a in ApplicationData.Instance.GSAKCustomGlobals select a.fname).ToArray());
            return result;
        }

        protected void cbCustomFields_DropDownOpened(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Settings.Settings.Default.SelectedDatabase))
            {
                try
                {
                    var cb = sender as ComboBox;
                    var items = new List<ComboBoxItem>();
                    foreach (ComboBoxItem item in cb.Items)
                    {
                        if (item.Content as string != cb.Text)
                        {
                            items.Add(item);
                        }
                    }
                    foreach (var item in items)
                    {
                        cb.Items.Remove(item);
                    }
                    var fn = System.IO.Path.Combine(Settings.Settings.Default.DatabaseFolderPath, Settings.Settings.Default.SelectedDatabase, "sqlite.db3");
                    if (System.IO.File.Exists(fn))
                    {
                        using (var db = new Database.DBConSqlite(fn))
                        {
                            var cf = AvailableCustomFields(db);
                            foreach (var c in cf)
                            {
                                ComboBoxItem cboxitem = new ComboBoxItem();
                                cboxitem.Content = c;
                                cb.Items.Add(cboxitem);
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }
                catch
                {
                }
            }

        }

    }

}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
Yu Zhao, Lei Duan, Jia Xing, Thorjorn Larssen, Chris P Nielsen, and Jiming Hao. 2009. "Soil acidification in China: Is controlling SO2 emissions enough?" Environmental Science and Technology, 43, 21, Pp. 8021-8026. Publisher's VersionAbstract
Facing challenges of increased energy consumption and related regional air pollution, China has been aggressively implementing flue gas desulfurization (FGD) and phasing out small inefficient units in the power sector in order to achieve the national goal of 10% reduction in sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions from 2005 to 2010. In this paper, the effect of these measures on soil acidification is explored. An integrated methodology is used, combining emission inventory data, emission forecasts, air quality modeling, and ecological sensitivities indicated by critical load. National emissions of SO2, oxides of nitrogen (NOX), particulate matter (PM), and ammonia (NH3) in 2005 were estimated to be 30.7, 19.6, 31.3, and 16.6 Mt, respectively. Implementation of existing policy will lead to reductions in SO2 and PM emissions, while those of NOX and NH3 will continue to rise, even under tentatively proposed control measures. In 2005, the critical load for soil acidification caused by sulfur (S) deposition was exceeded in 28% of the country's territory, mainly in eastern and south-central China. The area in exceedance will decrease to 26% and 20% in 2010 and 2020, respectively, given implementation of current plans for emission reductions. However, the exceedance of the critical load for nitrogen (N, combining effects of eutrophication and acidification) will double from 2005 to 2020 due to increased NOX and NH3 emissions. Combining the acidification effects of S and N, the benefits of SO2 reductions during 2005−2010 will almost be negated by increased N emissions. Therefore abatement of N emissions (NOX and NH3) and deposition will be a major challenge to China, requiring policy development and technology investments. To mitigate acidification in the future, China needs a multipollutant control strategy that integrates measures to reduce S, N, and PM.
Xi Lu, Michael B. McElroy, and Nora Sluzas. 2011. "Costs for integrating wind into the future ERCOT system with related costs for savings in CO2 emissions." Environmental Science and Technology, 45, 7, Pp. 3160-3166. Publisher's VersionAbstract
Wind power can make an important contribution to the goal of reducing emissions of CO2. The major problem relates to the intrinsic variability of the source and the difficulty of reconciling the supply of electricity with demand particularly at high levels of wind penetration. This challenge is explored for the case of the ERCOT system in Texas. Demand for electricity in Texas is projected to increase by approximately 60% by 2030. Considering hourly load data reported for 2006, assuming that the pattern of demand in 2030 should be similar to 2006, and adopting as a business as usual (BAU) reference an assumption that the anticipated additional electricity should be supplied by a combination of coal and gas with prices, discounted to 2007 dollars of $2 and $6 per MMBTU respectively, we conclude that the bus-bar price for electricity would increase by about 1.1¢/kWh at a wind penetration level of 30%, by about 3.4 ¢/kWh at a penetration level of 80%. Corresponding costs for reductions in CO2 range from $20/ton to $60/ton. A number of possibilities are discussed that could contribute to a reduction in these costs including the impact of an expanded future fleet of electrically driven vehicles.
This is from a series of papers investigating and comparing the prospects for low- and non-carbon power generation in China and the U.S.
Yu Zhao, Jie Zhang, and Chris P Nielsen. 2013. "The effects of recent control policies on trends in emissions of anthropogenic atmospheric pollutants and CO2 in China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13, Pp. 487-508. Publisher's VersionAbstract
To examine the effects of China's national policies of energy conservation and emission control during 2005–2010, inter-annual emission trends of gaseous pollutants, primary aerosols, and CO2 are estimated with a bottom-up framework. The control measures led to improved energy efficiency and/or increased penetration of emission control devices at power plants and other important industrial sources, yielding reduced emission factors for all evaluated species except NOx. The national emissions of anthropogenic SO2, CO, and total primary PM (particulate matter) in 2010 are estimated to have been 89%, 108%, and 87% of those in 2005, respectively, suggesting successful emission control of those species despite fast growth of the economy and energy consumption during the period. The emissions of NOx and CO2, however, are estimated to have increased by 47% and 43%, respectively, indicating that they remain largely determined by the growth of energy use, industrial production, and vehicle populations. Based on application of a Monte-Carlo framework, estimated uncertainties of SO2 and PM emissions increased from 2005 to 2010, resulting mainly from poorly understood average SO2 removal efficiency in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems in the power sector, and unclear changes in the penetration levels of dust collectors at industrial sources, respectively. While emission trends determined by bottom-up methods can be generally verified by observations from both ground stations and satellites, clear discrepancies exist for given regions and seasons, indicating a need for more accurate spatial and time distributions of emissions. Limitations of current emission control polices are analyzed based on the estimated emission trends. Compared with control of total PM, there are fewer gains in control of fine particles and carbonaceous aerosols, the PM components most responsible for damages to public health and effects on radiative forcing. A much faster decrease of alkaline base cations in primary PM than that of SO2 may have raised the acidification risks to ecosystems, indicating further control of acid precursors is required. Moreover, with relatively strict controls in developed urban areas, air pollution challenges have been expanding to less-developed neighboring regions. There is a great need in the future for multipollutant control strategies that combine recognition of diverse environmental impacts both in urban and rural areas with emission abatement of multiple species in concert. To examine the effects of China's national policies of energy conservation and emission control during 2005–2010, inter-annual emission trends of gaseous pollutants, primary aerosols, and CO2 are estimated with a bottom-up framework. The control measures led to improved energy efficiency and/or increased penetration of emission control devices at power plants and other important industrial sources, yielding reduced emission factors for all evaluated species except NOx. The national emissions of anthropogenic SO2, CO, and total primary PM (particulate matter) in 2010 are estimated to have been 89%, 108%, and 87% of those in 2005, respectively, suggesting successful emission control of those species despite fast growth of the economy and energy consumption during the period. The emissions of NOx and CO2, however, are estimated to have increased by 47% and 43%, respectively, indicating that they remain largely determined by the growth of energy use, industrial production, and vehicle populations. Based on application of a Monte-Carlo framework, estimated uncertainties of SO2 and PM emissions increased from 2005 to 2010, resulting mainly from poorly understood average SO2 removal efficiency in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems in the power sector, and unclear changes in the penetration levels of dust collectors at industrial sources, respectively. While emission trends determined by bottom-up methods can be generally verified by observations from both ground stations and satellites, clear discrepancies exist for given regions and seasons, indicating a need for more accurate spatial and time distributions of emissions. Limitations of current emission control polices are analyzed based on the estimated emission trends. Compared with control of total PM, there are fewer gains in control of fine particles and carbonaceous aerosols, the PM components most responsible for damages to public health and effects on radiative forcing. A much faster decrease of alkaline base cations in primary PM than that of SO2 may have raised the acidification risks to ecosystems, indicating further control of acid precursors is required. Moreover, with relatively strict controls in developed urban areas, air pollution challenges have been expanding to less-developed neighboring regions. There is a great need in the future for multipollutant control strategies that combine recognition of diverse environmental impacts both in urban and rural areas with emission abatement of multiple species in concert.
Yu Zhao, Lei Duan, Yu Lei, Jia Xing, Chris P Nielsen, and Jiming Hao. 2011. "Will PM control undermine China's efforts to reduce soil acidification?" Environmental Pollution, 159, 10, Pp. 2726-2732. Publisher's VersionAbstract
China's strategies to control acidifying pollutants and particulate matter (PM) may be in conflict for soil acidification abatement. Acidifying pollutant emissions are estimated for 2005 and 2020 with anticipated control policies. PM emissions including base cations (BCs) are evaluated with two scenarios, a base case applying existing policy to 2020, and a control case including anticipated tightened measures. Depositions of sulfur (S), nitrogen (N) and BCs are simulated and their acidification risks are evaluated with critical load (CL). In 2005, the area exceeding CL covered 15.6% of mainland China, with total exceedance of 2.2 Mt S. These values decrease in the base scenario 2020, implying partial recovery from acidification. Under more realistic PM control, the respective estimates are 17.9% and 2.4 Mt S, indicating increased acidification risks due to abatement of acid-neutralizing BCs. China's anthropogenic PM abatement will have potentially stronger chemical implications for acidification than developed countries.
Xi Lu, Jackson Salovaara, and Michael B. McElroy. 2012. "Implications of the recent reductions in natural gas prices for emissions of CO2 from the US power sector." Environmental Science & Technology, 46, 5, Pp. 3014–3021. Publisher's VersionAbstract
CO2 emissions from the US power sector decreased by 8.76% in 2009 relative to 2008 contributing to a decrease over this period of 6.59% in overall US emissions of greenhouse gases. An econometric model, tuned to data reported for regional generation of US electricity, is used to diagnose factors responsible for the 2009 decrease. More than half of the reduction is attributed to a shift from generation of power using coal to gas driven by a recent decrease in gas prices in response to the increase in production from shale. An important result of the model is that, when the cost differential for generation using gas rather than coal falls below 2–3 cents/kWh, less efficient coal fired plants are displaced by more efficient natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) generation alternatives. Costs for generation using NGCC decreased by close to 4 cents/kWh in 2009 relative to 2008 ensuring that generation of electricity using gas was competitive with coal in 2009 in contrast to the situation in 2008 when gas prices were much higher. A modest price on carbon could contribute to additional switching from coal to gas with further savings in CO2 emissions.
This paper is from a series investigating and comparing the prospects for low- and non-carbon power generation in China and the U.S.; click here (http://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2012/02/model-situation/) to see coverage in the Harvard Gazette.
Jin-Tai Lin, Michael B. McElroy, and K. Folkert Boersma. 2010. "Constraint of anthropogenic NOx emissions in China from different sectors: A new methodology using separate satellite retrievals." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10, 1, Pp. 63-78. Publisher's VersionAbstract
A new methodology is developed to constrain
Chinese anthropogenic emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx)
from four major sectors (industry, power plants, mobile and
residential) in July 2008. It combines tropospheric NO2 column
retrievals from GOME-2 and OMI, taking advantage
of their different passing time over China (10:00 a.m. LT
(local time) versus 02:00 p.m.) and consistent retrieval algorithms.
The approach is based on the difference of NOx
columns at the overpass times of the two instruments; it thus
is less susceptible to the likely systematic errors embedded
in individual retrievals that are consistent with each other.
Also, it explicitly accounts for diurnal variations and uncertainties
of NOx emissions for individual sources. Our best
top-down estimate suggests a national budget of 6.8 TgN/yr
(5.5 TgN/yr for East China), close to the a priori bottom-up
emission estimate from the INTEX-B mission for the year of
2006. The top-down emissions are lower than the a priori
near Beijing, in the northeastern provinces and along the east
coast; yet they exceed the a priori over many inland regions.
Systematic errors in satellite retrievals are estimated to lead
to underestimation of top-down emissions by at most 17%
(most likely 10%). Effects of other factors on the top-down
estimate are typically less than 15% each, including lightning,
soil emissions, mixing in planetary boundary layer, anthropogenic
emissions of carbon monoxide and volatile organic
compounds, magnitude of a priori emissions, assumptions
on emission diurnal variations, and uncertainties in the
four sectors. The a posteriori emission budget is 5.7 TgN/yr
for East China.
Yuxuan Wang, Michael B. McElroy, Randall V Martin, David G Streets, Qiang Zhang, and Tung-May Fu. 2007. "Seasonal variability of NOx emissions over east China constrained by satellite observations: Implications for combustion and microbial sources." Journal of Geophysical Research, 112, D06301. Publisher's VersionAbstract
Observations of tropospheric column densities of NO2 obtained from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) for a 3‐year period (1997, 1998, and 2000) are used to derive average seasonal variations in surface emissions of NOx from east China (100–123°E, 20–42°N). The retrieval allows for zonal variations in the contribution of the stratosphere to the NO2 column and removes a bias of ±10% on the seasonality of retrieved columns introduced by cloud screening. The top‐down inventory is constructed using an inversion approach with a global 3‐D chemical transport model (GEOS‐Chem) and combined subsequently with the a priori inventory to develop an a posteriori inventory. The contribution of background NO2 arising from nonsurface sources (lightning) and long‐range transport of emissions originating outside of east China is accounted for in the inversion. The a posteriori estimate of overall emissions for east China, 4.66 Tg N/yr (±30% uncertainty), is 33% higher than the a priori value and is shown to improve agreement with surface measurements of nitrate wet deposition and concentrations of NOy observed in China. On the basis of multiple constraints on the spatial and seasonal variations of combustion and microbial processes, the a posteriori inventory is partitioned among emissions from biomass burning, fuel combustion, and microbial activity (or soil emissions). Emission of NOx from biomass burning in east China is estimated as 0.08 TgN/yr ± 50% in the a posteriori inventory, increased by about a factor of 2 from the a priori estimate. The resulting a posteriori inventory for fuel combustion (3.72 TgN/yr ± 32%) is about 15% higher than the a priori and exhibits a distinct maximum in winter, in contrast to the weak seasonality indicated in the a priori inventory. The a posteriori value for the microbial source of NOx (0.85 TgN/yr ± 40%) is about a factor of 3 higher than the a priori value, amounting to 23% of combustion sources for east China and significantly higher than a priori value of 7%. The microbial source is unimportant in winter. It peaks in summer, accounting for as much as 43% of the combustion source for that season, and is significant also in spring and fall. This seasonality is attributed to the timing of fertilizer application and to the influence of seasonally variable environmental factors including temperature and precipitation.
2007. Clearing the air: The health and economic damages of air pollution in China. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Publisher's VersionAbstract
Michael B. McElroy and Yuxuan Wang. 2005. "Human and animal wastes: Implications for atmospheric N2O and NOX." Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 19, 2. Publisher's VersionAbstract
More than 220 Tg N are processed annually through the global agriculture/animal/human food chain. It is suggested that aerobic denitrification, reduction of nitrite formed in the first stage of nitrification, is an important source not only of global N2O but also of NOx. A simple top‐down method indicates a globally averaged yield of 2% for N2O emitted as a consequence of human disturbances to the global nitrogen cycle. This yield can account not only for the contemporary budget of atmospheric N2O but also for trends observed over the past 1000 years. The associated microbial source of NOx is estimated assuming a NOx/N2O ratio of 3, consistent with results from a variety of laboratory and field studies. This source is significant, particularly for large developing countries such as China and India for which its contribution is comparable to that from fossil fuel.
Ying Zhou, Jonathan I Levy, James K Hammitt, and John S Evans. 2007. "Population exposure to pollutants from the electric power sector using CALPUFF." In Clearing the air: The health and economic damages of air pollution in China, edited by Mun S Ho and Chris P Nielsen. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Publisher's VersionAbstract
Bingjiang Liu and Jiming Hao. 2007. "Local population exposure to pollutants from the electric power sector." In Clearing the air: The health and economic damages of air pollution in China, edited by Mun S Ho and Chris P Nielsen. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Publisher's VersionAbstract
Sue J. Lin, I.J. Lu, and Charles Lewis. 2006. "Identifying key factors and strategies for reducing industrial CO2 emissions from a non-Kyoto protocol member's (Taiwan) perspective." Energy Policy, 34, Pp. 1499-1507. Publisher's VersionAbstract
In this study we use Divisia index approach to identify key factors affecting CO2 emission changes of industrial sectors in Taiwan. The changes of CO2 emission are decomposed into emission coefficient, energy intensity, industrial structure and economic growth. Furthermore, comparisons with USA, Japan, Germany, the Netherlands and South Korea are made to have a better understanding of emission tendency in these countries and to help formulate our CO2 reduction strategies for responding to the international calls for CO2 cuts. The results show that economic growth and high energy intensity were two key factors for the rapid increase of industrial CO2 emission in Taiwan, while adjustment of industrial structure was the main component for the decrease. Although economic development is important, Taiwan must keep pace with the international trends for CO2 reduction. Among the most important strategies are continuous efforts to improve energy intensity, fuel mix toward lower carbon, setting targets for industrial CO2 cuts, and advancing green technology through technology transfer. Also, the clean development mechanism (CDM) is expected to play an important role in the future.
Chris P Nielsen and Mun S Ho. 2007. "Summary for policy." In Clearing the air: The health and economic damages of air pollution in China, edited by Mun S Ho and Chris P Nielsen. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Publisher's VersionAbstract
Ying Zhou, Jonathan I Levy, John S Evans, and James K Hammitt. 2006. "The influence of geographic location on population exposure to emissions from power plants throughout China." Environment International, 32, 3, Pp. 365-373. Publisher's VersionAbstract
This analysis seeks to evaluate the influence of emission source location on population exposure in China to fine particles and sulfur dioxide. We use the concept of intake fraction, defined as the fraction of material or its precursor released from a source that is eventually inhaled or ingested by a population. We select 29 power-plant sites throughout China and estimate annual average intake fractions at each site, using identical source characteristics to isolate the influence of geographic location. In addition, we develop regression models to interpret the intake fraction values and allow for extrapolation to other sites. To model the concentration increase due to emissions from selected power plants, we used a detailed long-range atmospheric dispersion model, CALPUFF. Primary fine particles have the highest average intake fraction (1 × 10− 5), followed by sulfur dioxide (5 × 10− 6), sulfate from sulfur dioxide (4 × 10− 6), and nitrate from nitrogen oxides (4 × 10− 6). For all pollutants, the intake fractions span approximately an order of magnitude across sites. In the regression analysis, the independent variables are meteorological proxies (such as climate region and precipitation) and population at various distances from the source. We find that population terms can explain a substantial percentage of variability in the intake fraction for all pollutants (R2 between 0.86 and 0.95 across pollutants), with a significant modifying influence of meteorological regime. Near-source population is more important for primary coarse particles while population at medium to long distance is more important for primary fine particles and secondary particles. A significant portion of intake fraction (especially for secondary particles and primary fine particles) occurs beyond 500 km of the source, emphasizing the need for detailed long-range dispersion modeling. These findings demonstrate that intake fractions for power plants in China can be estimated with reasonable precision and summarized using simple regression models. The results should be useful for informing future decisions about power-plant locations and controls.
Shuxiao Wang, Jiming Hao, Yongqi Lu, and Ji Li. 2007. "Local population exposure to pollutants from the major industrial sectors." In Clearing the air: The health and economic damages of air pollution in China, edited by Mun S Ho and Chris P Nielsen. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Publisher's VersionAbstract


text:
Home › Asia & South Pacific › Engraving
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Abraham Ortelius
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Novaya Zemlya
Alexander Keith Johnston (1804-1871) India, Pl. 26
Alexander Keith Johnston (1804-1871) India, Pl. 26 From: National Atlas… Published, John Johnstone & W. and A.K. Johnston, Edinburgh, Robert Weir & James Lumsden and Sons, Glasgow, ca. 1843 Steel...
Emanuel Bowen (1693?-1767) An Acccurate Map of Asia Minor..before it became possessed by the Turks…[Modern day Turkey]
Emanuel Bowen (1693?-1767) An Acccurate Map of Asia Minor..before it became possessed by the Turks… [Modern day, Turkey] Published, London, ca. 1745 Copper-plate engraving Paper size 17 ½ x 10...
George Henry Millar Various Charts of Islands &c. in the Atlantic & Pacific Oceans. Chart of the Northern Archipelago..Kamtschatka & Anadir, Chart of the Azores…, Chart of the Canary Isles…, Chart of the Madera Isles, Chart of the Cape Verde Isles.
George Henry Millar Various Charts of Islands &c. in the Atlantic & Pacific Oceans. Chart of the Northern Archipelago..Kamtschatka & Anadir, Chart of the Azores…, Chart of the Canary Isles…,...
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) 2 Charts, Part of the Pacific Ocean between California and Philippine Islands
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) 2 Charts, Part of the Pacific Ocean between California and Philippine Islands, [ Two separate charts showing the tracking of previous...
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Chart of the Discoveries made in 1787. In the Seas of China & Tartary between Manilla and Avatcha by the Bonssole & Astrolabe [ Eastern coast of China and Russia including Japan and others]
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Chart of the Discoveries made in 1787. In the Seas of China & Tartary between Manilla and Avatcha by the Bonssole...
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Chart of the Discoveries made in 1787. In the Seas of China and Tartary by the Bonssole & Astrolabe… Sheet 1, No. 43 [Islands of Japan, Korea, Philippines, Coast of China and others]
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Chart of the Discoveries made in 1787. In the Seas of China and Tartary by the Bonssole & Astrolabe… Sheet 1,...
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Chart of the Discoveries to the North of Japan in 1643 by Dutch Ships..Including the Land of Jeso, Staten Island & Company's Land... Pl. 47
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Chart of the Discoveries to the North of Japan in 1643 by Dutch Ships..Including the Land of Jeso, Staten Island &...
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Plan of the Baie de Castries, on the Eastern Coast of Tartary..by Sen. Bernizet. No. 52 [Far Eastern Russia near Sakhalin Island]
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Plan of the Baie de Castries, on the Eastern Coast of Tartary..by Sen. Bernizet. No. 52 [Far Eastern Russia near Sakhalin...
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Plan of the Islands or a Part of Archipellago of Corea, seen in May 1787 by the Boussole and Astrolabe. No. 44 [Southwestern Korean Peninsula]
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Plan of the Islands or a Part of Archipellago of Corea, seen in May 1787 by the Boussole and Astrolabe. No....
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Plan of the Kurile Islands..from a chart in the Archives of the Ochotsk.. in 1788. No.69 [Russian Far East and Japan]
Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French, 1741-1788) Plan of the Kurile Islands..from a chart in the Archives of the Ochotsk.. in 1788. No.69 [Russian Far East and Japan]...
John Arrowsmith (1790-1873) Asia
John Arrowsmith (1790-1873) Asia From: The London Atlas of Universal Geography Published, J. Arrowsmith, London, 1842 Engraving with original outline hand-coloring Paper size 21 ½ x 27" p.m. 21 x...
John Arrowsmith (1790-1873) Asiatic Archipelago with inset map of Singapore, [Southeast Asia, with Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and others]
John Arrowsmith (1790-1873) Asiatic Archipelago with inset map of Singapore, [Southeast Asia, with Philippines, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia and others] From: The London Atlas of Universal Geography Published, J. Arrowsmith, London,...
John Arrowsmith (1790-1873) India
John Arrowsmith (1790-1873) India From: The London Atlas of Universal Geography Published, J. Arrowsmith, London, 1842 Engraving with original outline hand-coloring. British possessions are outlined in red, territories under British...
John Thomson (fl. 1804-1837) Russian Empire, No. 36
John Thomson (fl. 1804-1837) Russian Empire, No. 36 From: Thomson's New General Atlas… Engr., by Nathaniel Rogers Hewitt Published, J. Thomson, London, ca. 1814-1817 Engraving with original outline hand-coloring Paper...
Mathew Carey (1760-1839) An Accurate Map of Hindostan or India from the best Authorities
Mathew Carey (1760-1839) An Accurate Map of Hindostan or India from the best Authorities From: Carey's American edition of Gutherie's Geography Published, M. Carey, Philadelphia, ca. 1800 Engraved by J.T....
Rigobert Bonne (1727-1795), after Capt. James Cook (1728-1779) a) Plan de la Baye Atwatska..Kamtschatka, with inset, Plan du Havre de St. Pierre et St. Paul, b) Partie du Japon au Nippon, c) Plan du Typa ou de Macao [China and Japan]
Rigobert Bonne (1727-1795), after Capt. James Cook (1728-1779) a) Plan de la Baye Atwatska..Kamtschatka, with inset, Plan du Havre de St. Pierre et St. Paul, b) Partie du Japon au...
Robert Laurie (c. 1755-1836) & James Whittle (1757-1818) A New Map of the Jaghir Lands..The Territory belonging to the East India Company Round Madras… [India]
Robert Laurie (c. 1755-1836) & James Whittle (1757-1818) A New Map of the Jaghir Lands..The Territory belonging to the East India Company Round Madras… [India] From: A New Universal Atlas…...
Thomas Cowperthwait Asia with inset map of Australia, Pl. 85
Thomas Cowperthwait Asia with inset map of Australia, Pl. 85 From: New Universal Atlas… Published, T. Cowperthwait, Philadelphia, 1850 Steel engraving with original hand-coloring Paper size 13 ½ x 17"...
Thomas Kitchen A Map of the East Indies or Indostan [India and Sri Lanka]
Thomas Kitchen A Map of the East Indies or Indostan [India and Sri Lanka] From: London Magazine Published, R. Baldwin, London Magazine, London, 1781 Copper-plate engraving Paper size 11 x...


text:
namespace HotelSystem.Web.Areas.Administration.Controllers
{
    using System.Web.Mvc;

    using HotelSystem.Common;
    using HotelSystem.Web.Controllers;

    [Authorize(Roles = GlobalConstants.AdministratorRole)]
    public class AdminController : BaseController
    {
    }
}


text:
Q: Convert unicode String to Dictionary in python I have a variable which holds the table name and columns as a string.
Below is the sample:
[(u'USER_SSO_PROPERTIES', u'[\n  "FULL_NAME",\n  "NAME"\n]'), (u'USERS', u'[\n  "EMAIL",\n  "NAME"\n]'), (u'PITCH_RECIPIENTS', u'[\n  "EMAIL",\n  "ID"\n]'), (u'USER_CLOUD_SERVICES', u'[\n  "EMAIL"\n]')]

I am trying to convert into a dictionary in python as below.
{'USER_SSO_PROPERTIES': ['FULL_NAME','NAME'],
 'PITCH_RECIPIENTS':['USER_CLOUD_SERVICES','EMAIL']}

How can I remove the \n and u and also convert it into the above format.
I searched on SO and those solutions did not work for me.

A: Use eval() to quickly convert literals to actual Python values.
This code can convert your example.
string = r'''[(u'USER_SSO_PROPERTIES', u'[\n  "FULL_NAME",\n  "NAME"\n]'), (u'USERS', u'[\n  "EMAIL",\n  "NAME"\n]'), (u'PITCH_RECIPIENTS', u'[\n  "EMAIL",\n  "ID"\n]'), (u'USER_CLOUD_SERVICES', u'[\n  "EMAIL"\n]')]'''

result_dict = {}
for table_name, columns_string in eval(string):
    result_dict[table_name] = eval(columns_string)

print(result_dict)

Try to run this code with other strings here.
https://www.pythonpad.co/pads/ri8adgokb5our8v1/

A: You could use ast.literal_eval and list-comprehension to achieve that:
import ast

t = [(u'USER_SSO_PROPERTIES', u'[\n  "FULL_NAME",\n  "NAME"\n]'), (u'USERS', u'[\n  "EMAIL",\n  "NAME"\n]'),
     (u'PITCH_RECIPIENTS', u'[\n  "EMAIL",\n  "ID"\n]'), (u'USER_CLOUD_SERVICES', u'[\n  "EMAIL"\n]')]
result = {k: ast.literal_eval(v) for k, v in t}
# {'USER_SSO_PROPERTIES': ['FULL_NAME', 'NAME'], 'USERS': ['EMAIL', 'NAME'], 'PITCH_RECIPIENTS': ['EMAIL', 'ID'], 'USER_CLOUD_SERVICES': ['EMAIL']}

A: Simple 1 liner using eval:
my_data = {k:eval(v) for k,v in text}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


Since the beginning of the colonisation of New-France, religion, mainly the Catholic religion, has shaped Quebecers' culture and way of life. When Europeans arrived in North America, they first tried to evangelize Natives. Some succeeded, but most the Aboriginal people have kept their own religions. Religion in New-France has greatly contributed to the organisation of the colony. It has had an important influence on the inhabitants until about the 1960s. As more and more people immigrated in New France and later on in Quebec, other religions appeared, like the Protestants. Today, about 85 % of Quebec's inhabitants are Catholics, while 5 % are Protestants. Luckily, our rich religious heritage is still very present. Visitors can visit churches, chapels or massive basilicas, like the Basilique-Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Québec, or the Basilique Notre-Dame in Montréal. Some important pilgrimage sites can also be found in the province, like the Basilique Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré in Côte-de-Beaupré, or the Oratoire Saint-Joseph in Montréal. Monasteries and abbeys are also religious sites, like the Abbaye Saint-Benoît-du-Lac in the Eastern Townships or the Monastère Vierge Marie la Consolatrice in the Laurentides. Numerous convents and chapels recall the importance of the religious communities in the establishment of the colony. The Ursulines in Québec or the soeurs hospitalières in Montréal have largely contributed, by their teaching or caring, to the well-being of the colony. Don't hesitate to enter the numerous religious cult sites in the different regions of Quebec. You will see brilliant works of art like the beautiful stained-glass windows or the outstanding sculptures on the walls.


text:
act theatre company
CAST INFORMATION
High School Auditions
Auditions will be in a new location this year. We will be at the GAH Education Center, 209 E 8th Street just south of Dollar General.
Due to COVID-19, we will be taking extra precautions during auditions to insure the health and safety of everyone who is participating.
Please stay in your car in the parking lot until you are called into the building. We will call you on the phone, so please provide a cell phone number on the Sign Up Genius form.
You must wear a mask to auditions.
You will audition by yourself in front of the production committee.
You will be asked to sing the song listed below. An accompanist will play the piano for you. If you would like to prepare 32 measures of another song, you may do that as well.
You will be asked to perform a short monologue from the show.
What to prepare:
Memorize and perform the monologue linked below.
Summer Participation fee: $50 per actor.
Please bring a COPY of your insurance card.
Audition forms and releases
Sign up for an Audition Time:


Daniel is one of the Hudson Valley's top young educators, teaching with the Hudson Valley Music Collective and at New Windsor Music Academy. He teaches voice and guitar to students of all ages and levels.
The above search is a free service maintained by DoReMiWORLD.com for the benefit of private music teachers, as well as music students and their parents. Our goal is to help you locate a private music instructor, for example, a private piano teacher, a private violin teacher, a private voice coach, an online music teacher or another music education specialist who may offer private music lessons or online lessons to music students in New Paltz New York.
Private music instruction is considered to be the best way to learn to play a musical instrument. Use this directory to find a private music teacher offering music lessons in your local area (New Paltz NY) or online lessons around the world. At the moment, our directory is limited to the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, United States, and New Zealand. This music teachers directory classifies private music instructors by instrument, such as private piano teachers (for private piano lessons), private voice teachers (for private voice lessons), private violin teachers (for private violin lessons), etc. Please use the above search function to find a private music teacher near you.
We welcome the following types of instructors in our New Paltz New York directory: Brass Professionals, Woodwinds Educators, Double Bass Educators, Keyboard Professionals, Accordion Educators, Electric Bass Professionals, French Horn Coaches, Trumpet Teachers, Bagpipes Teachers, Flute Coaches, Harp Tutors, Saxophone Educators, Trombone Coaches, Ukulele Tutors, Bassoon Tutors, Lute Instructors, Voice Coaches, Oboe Coaches, Piano Instructors, Organ Instructors, Banjo Instructors, Dulcimer Professionals, Viola Instructors, Clarinet Educators, Bass Professionals, Viola Da Gamba Educators, Piccolo Instructors, Mandolin Coaches, Classical Guitar Professionals, Recorder Educators, Percussion Instructors, Electric Guitar Coaches, Harpsichord Teachers, Cello Teachers, English Horn Teachers, Tuba Teachers, Acoustic Guitar Teachers, Violin Tutors, Bass Guitar Tutors, Drums Tutors .