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10.25259/AUJMSR_8_2020
Prevalence and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic
Romi Bansal1, Mini Bedi1, Jasleen Kaur1, Kamaljeet Kaur2, Harbhajan Kaur Shergill1, Harkiran Kaur Khaira1, Vijay Suri3
1Departments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India
2Departments of Medicine, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India
3Departments of Pathology, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India
*Corresponding author: Mini Bedi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India. dr.h.sandhu@gmail.com
How to cite this article: Bansal R, Bedi M, Kaur J, Kaur K, Shergill HK, Khaira HK, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. Adesh Univ J Med Sci Res 2020;2(1):42-8.
Anemia during pregnancy is characterized by hemoglobin concentration <11 g/dl in pregnant women, which decreases oxygen carrying capacity of the blood to the body tissues. It is estimated that worldwide 41.8% of pregnant and 30.2% of non-pregnant women are anemic. This study aims to determine the prevalence and factors associated with anemia in pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at our tertiary care center.
A cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 500 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic for the 1st time in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, AIMSR, Bathinda, for a period of 1 year. The hemoglobin was measured using automated cell counter method and those with hemoglobin level <11 g/dl were considered as anemic and were investigated further to be assessed according to the Indian Council of Medical Research classification. Data were collected using predesigned and pretested structured questionnaire.
The mean Hb concentration was 9.06 g/dl among the anemic group. Overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was found to be 408 (81.8%). Residence, educational status, monthly family income, occupation, gestational age, iron folic acid supplementation, dietary habits of not eating green leafy vegetables, meat and animal products, and drinking tea and coffee immediately after meal were the variables which had statistically significant association with the prevalence of anemia.
Anemia control program should be executed more resourcefully in this vital segment of population. Awareness of above said factors is more important to prevent anemia rather than early diagnosis and treatment.
Antenatal clinics
Anemia is a severe public health problem affecting both developed and developing countries with major consequences for human health as well as socioeconomic development. It occurs at all stages of life but is more prevalent in pregnant women and young children.
It is estimated worldwide that 41.8% of pregnant and 30.2% of non-pregnant women are anemic.[1] The WHO has estimated that the prevalence of anemia in pregnant women is 14% in developed and 51% in developing countries. It is painful to mention that India contributes to about 80% of the maternal deaths due to anemia in South Asia.[2]
Anemia is considered as a major cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in developing countries.[3] It may lead to premature birth, low birth weight, fetal cognitive impairment, and fetal death.[4] Maternal complication includes preeclampsia, antepartum hemorrhage, puerperal sepsis, and thromboembolic complications leading to subinvolution of the uterus, failure of lactation, and delayed wound healing.
Iron deficiency anemia is the most common nutritional disorder in the world affecting 2 billion people worldwide.[5] Total iron demand in pregnancy is about 900 mg (with a range of 700–1400 mg), of which about 500–600 mg is accounted by the uterus and its contents. Around 150–200 mg are lost in the blood loss at delivery and a similar amount is expended in lactation. Pregnant mothers do not give priority to health because most of them are engaged in different works keeping them busy throughout the day. Therefore, identification of the risk factors contributing to anemia in pregnant mothers is vital for its prevention and control.
India became the first developing country to take up the National Nutritional Anaemia Control Programme to prevent anemia among pregnant women. The Government of India recommends 100 mg of elemental iron+500 ug of folic acid for prophylactic supplementation for minimum of 100 days starting in the second trimester and double this dose for the treatment of anemia, that is, 200 mg of elemental iron+1000 ug of folic acid.[6] Despite these efforts, the prevalence of anemia is 65–75% in India.
Thus, this study was taken up to establish evidence-based information on the prevalence of anemia and its associated risk factors in pregnant women in the study area.
The aims of the study were as follows:
Prevalence of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at tertiary care hospital
To determine the magnitude and severity of anemia in pregnant women attending ANC
To assess socioeconomic and obstetric-related factors associated with anemia in pregnant women
To determine the association of anemia with a dietary habit of pregnant women.
This was a cross-sectional observational study carried over a period of 1 year after getting approval from Research Committee and Ethical Committee, Adesh University, Bathinda. A total of 500 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic for the 1st time in the department of obstetrics and gynecology were included in the study after proper written consent excluding follow-up cases. The hemoglobin was measured using automated cell counter method and those with hemoglobin level <11 g/dl were considered as anemic and were investigated further to be assessed according to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) classification. Data were collected using predesigned and pretested structured questionnaire. The questionnaire contains detailed social demographic profile of the women, that is, age, religion, family size, family income, residence, and education level of women. Obstetric history includes gestational age, parity, interpregnancy interval, h/o of iron and folic acid supplements, h/o abortions, and dietary habits. Questionnaire was both in English and local language. All the questionnaires were checked for completeness and consistency in daily basis.
A Chi-square test was applied using binary logistic IBM SPSS 22 version for qualitative analysis of various factors for anemia with P < 0.05.
Characteristics of the study participants
A total of 500 pregnant women were included in the study. Majority, 237 (47.4%) of the study participant were in the age group of 26–30 years. It was observed that 372 (65.4%), 317 (63.4%), and 277 (55.4%) were rural dwellers, employee by occupation, and had attended secondary level of education, respectively. Furthermore, 260 (52%) were Sikh by religion, 421 (84.2%) had average monthly income <10,000, and 418 (83.6%) were living in the family size >2, as shown in [Table 1].
Table 1:: Prevalence of anemia with associated sociodemographic factors.
Sociodemographic factors
Anemia (%)
Non-anemia (%)
<20 10 (2.4) 0 10 (2) 0.26 (NS)
20–25 120 (29.3) 29 (31.9) 149 (29.8)
>25 279 (68.3) 62 (68.1) 341 (68.2)
Urban 131 (32) 42 (46.1) 173 (34.6) 0.010 (S)
Rural 278 (68) 49 (53.9) 327 (65.4)
<10,000 350 (85.6) 71 (78) 421 (84.2) 0.016 (S)
10,000–20,000 34 (8.3) 12 (13.2) 46 (9.2)
>20,000 25 (6.1) 8 (8.8) 33 (6.6)
Housewife 137 (33.5) 1 (1) 138 (27.6) 0.0001 (S)
Laborer 45 (11) 0 45 (9)
Employee 227 (55.5) 90 (99) 317 (63.4)
Illiterate 45 (11) 0 45 (9) 0.0001 (S)
Primary 137 (33.4) 1 (1.1) 138 (27.6)
Secondary 199 (48.7) 78 (85.8) 277 (55.4)
Tertiary 28 (6.9) 12 (13.1) 40 (8)
Sikh 214 (52.3) 46 (50.5) 260 (52) 0.51 (NS)
Hindu 173 (42.3) 40 (44) 213 (42.6)
Christian 7 (1.8) 0 7 (1.4)
Muslim 15 (3.6) 5 (5.5) 20 (4)
≤2 70 (17.1) 12 (13.1) 82 (16.4) 0.36 (NS)
>2 339 (82.9) 79 (86.9) 418 (83.6)
Concerning the obstetric history, majority of them 360 (72%) were multigravida, 219 (43.8%) were in the second trimester. On the contrary, 251 (50.2%) with interpregnancy interval of >2 years and 277 (77%) had no history of abortion. Assessment of comorbid condition during pregnancy revealed that 282 (56.4%) had no illness and 309 (65.9%) had BMI >24.9, as shown in [Table 2].
Table 2:: Prevalence of anemia with associated obstetric factors.
Obstetric factors
Gestational age (weeks)
1sttrimester (12) 90 (22) 12 (13.2) 102 (20.4) 0.0001 (S)
2nd trimester (13–28) 192 (47) 27 (29.7) 219 (43.8)
3rdtrimester (>28) 127 (31) 52 (57.1) 179 (35.8)
Primigravida 121 (29.6) 19 (20.9) 140 (28) 0.09 (NS)
Multigravida 288 (70.4) 72 (79.1) 360 (72)
Interpregnancy interval
≤2 years 92 (22.4) 17 (18.7) 109 (21.8)
>2 years 196 (48) 55 (60.4) 251 (50.2)
H/o abortion
Yes 43 (15) 40 (55.6) 83 (23) 0.059 (NS)
No 245 (85) 32 (44.4) 277 (77)
Comorbid condition
Present 215 (52.6) 3 (3.2) 218 (43.6) 0.001 (S)
Absent 194 (47.4) 88 (96.8) 282 (56.4)
<18.5 36 (8.8) 2 (0.4) 38 (2.2) 0.09 (NS)
18.5–24.9 124 (30.3) 29 (5.8) 153 (31.9)
>24.9 249 (60.9) 60 (12) 309 (65.9)
According to the dietary habits, it was observed that 197 (39.4%) and 293 (58.6%) did not have a habit of eating green leafy vegetables and meat and animal products, respectively. Furthermore, 249 (49.8%) and 392 (78.4%) have a habit of drinking tea and coffee immediately after meal, respectively. Maximum number of subjects 374 (74.8%) had no intake of iron folic acid tablets and 315 had no history of pica in the current pregnancy, as shown in [Table 3].
Table 3:: Prevalence of anemia with associated dietary habits.
Dietary habits and nutritional supplementation
Iron and folic acid intake
Yes 58 (14.1) 68 (74.8) 126 (25.2) 0.0001 (S)
No 351 (85.9) 23 (25.2) 374 (74.8)
No pica
Yes 153 (37.4) 32 (35.2) 185 (37) 0.68 (NS)
No 256 (62.6) 59 (64.8) 315 (63)
Green leafy vegetable intake
Never 183 (44.8) 14 (15.3) 197 (39.4) 0.0001 (S)
Daily 30 (7.3) 67 (73.7) 97 (19.4)
<Week 31 (7.6) 4 (4.4) 35 (7)
>Week 165 (40.3) 6 (6.6) 171 (34.2)
Meat and animal products intake
<Week 73 (17.9) 42 (46.2) 115 (23)
>Week 82 (20) 10 (10.9) 92 (18.4)
Tea intake immediately after meal
Yes 237 (57) 16 (17.6) 249 (49.8) 0.0001 (S)
No 176 (43) 75 (82.4) 251 (50.2)
Coffee intake immediately after meal
Yes 313 (76.5) 79 (86.8) 392 (78.4) 0.031 (S)
No 96 (23.5) 12 (13.2) 108 (21.6)
Prevalence of anemia
The mean Hb concentration was 9.06 g/dl among the anemic group and 11.86 g/dl among non-anemic group. Overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was found to be 81.8% (408). Out of these, 0.2% (1), 91% (372), and 8.8% (36) of them were identified as severely, moderately, and mildly anemic. Hence, the prevalence of moderate anemia was high in comparison to other degree of anemia [Table 4].
Table 4:: Statistical analysis of severity of anemia
Mild (10–10.9) (%)
Moderate (7–9.9) (%)
Severe (4–6.9) (%)
Very severe (<4)
Anemia 36 (8.8) 372 (91) 1 (0.2) 0 409 (81.8) 9.0579 0.65056
No anemia 91 (18.2) 11.8604 0.45311
High prevalence of anemia was observed in subjects of 26–30 years of age range 48.4% (198), Sikh by religion 52.3% (214), rural residents 68% (278), had secondary level of education 48.7% (199), living in family size >282.9% (339), employee by occupation 55.5% (227), and with monthly income <10,000 85.6% (350) [Table 1].
Based on obstetric history and dietary habits, rate of anemia was found to be higher in multigravida 70.4% (288), who were in the second trimester 47% (192), with interpregnancy interval >2 years 48% (196), and had no history of abortion 85% (245) [Table 2].
Anemia was more prevalent among those who had habit of drinking tea 57% (233) and coffee 76.5% (313) immediately after meal and did not have habit of eating meat and animal products 62.1% (254) and green leafy vegetables 44.8% (183) in the present pregnancy. About 85.9% (351) of subjects did not take iron folic acid and 62.6% (256) of subjects had no history of pica, which were found to be anemic [Table 3].
Thus, it was found that residence, educational status, monthly family income, occupation, gestational age, iron folic acid supplementation, dietary habits of not eating green leafy vegetables, meat and animal products, and drinking tea and coffee immediately after meal were the variables which had statistically significant association with anemia.
Prevalence of anemia during pregnancy
In this study, the overall prevalence of anemia among pregnant women was 81.8%. A study by Nutrition Foundation of India[7] and ICMR Task Force[3] observed the prevalence of anemia as 84% and 84.9% among pregnant women, respectively. Similar results were obtained in a study by Gautam et al.[8] (96.5%), Lokare et al.[9] (87.2%), and Mangla and Singla[10] (98%). The high prevalence of anemia in this study was mostly related to low sociodemographic factors, obstetrical history, and dietary habits.
On the contrary, in developed countries, the prevalence of anemia was only 18% among pregnant women as reported by the WHO.[11] The socioeconomic developments, higher standard of living, and better utilization of health facilities along with increasing literacy rate are associated with low prevalence of anemia in developed countries.
Magnitude of anemia during pregnancy
In the present study, all patients were divided according to the magnitude of anemia. It has been found that mild, moderate, and severe anemia account for 8.8%, 91%, and 0.2%, respectively. The result is higher than a study conducted by the WHO,[11] Desalegn,[12] and Lokare et al.[9] where moderate anemia accounted for 68%, 74.3%, and 54.5%, respectively.
Sociodemographic factors associated with anemia in pregnancy
In the present study, majority of anemic patients belonged to the age group of 26–30 years (48.4%). It is comparable to the studies by Ayano and Amentie,[13] Obai et al.,[14] and Getahun et al.[15] This may be due to the recurrent pregnancies and poor birth spacing in reproductive age women which make them more prone to anemia in our study. Nearly 68% of anemic subjects belonged to rural population while 32% in the urban population which is similar to Mihiretie et al.[16] (62%) and Weldemariam[17] (65.9%). The reason for higher burden of anemia in the rural population may be related to inaccessibility of health-care centers.
However, lack of awareness about the factors causing anemia and possible strategies to prevent the risk factors of anemia plays a major role. Prevalence of anemia was more in subjects (85.6%) having monthly income <10,000 per capita, this may be due to the reason that the low socioeconomic class was likely to be poorly educated and often has financial constraints. It is also supported by the observation that women with low income tend to consume diets that are low in micronutrients, animal protein, and vitamins.[18] It closely correlates with a study by Okube et al.,[19] Singh et al.,[20] Javed et al.,[21] and Lokare et al.[9] where women of low socioeconomic group had higher prevalence of anemia.
The proportion of anemia was significantly more among employed participants which was noted to be 55.5%. Time constraint may be the reason for anemia in them. May be they do not get enough time for rest and to attend antenatal clinics. They tend to forget intake of iron quite frequently. Furthermore, most of these women would be considered underemployed, that is, employed but with jobs that were unsteady and low paying. Housewives, on the other hand, could have high family income which makes them remain in the house. Furthermore, it may be postulated that being housewife has an added advantage of having adequate resources such as good housing, clean water, and sanitation, enough time to attend ANC clinic. Similar findings were suggested by Obai et al.[14] and Getahun et al.[15]
When distributed according to education levels, anemia was found to be more prevalent in secondary level of education (48.7%). However, another study done by Dutta et al.[22] showed a direct relationship between impact of literacy and anemia. The present study was in concurrence with the other studies conducted by Yadav et al.[23] (37%) and Obai et al.[14] (38.5%) who showed patients with anemia in same group. In the present study, maximum number of subjects who had anemia belonged to Sikh community, that is, around 52.3%, followed by Hindus (42.3%), Muslim (3.6%), and Christian (1.8%) in order. This may be due to the reason that the study has been carried out in Malwa region of Punjab where maximum number of subjects included in the study belonged to Sikh religion. Thus, an inclusion bias needs to be ruled out. Similar study has been conducted by Sharma et al.[24] (62%) who had anemia belonging to Hindu religion. A study in Karnataka showed that 67.6% were Hindu, 25.7% were Muslim, and 6.6% were from other religion.[25] Anemia was more prevalent among the subjects who have family size >2 (82.9%) as compared to patients who have family size ≤2 (17.1%). There may be a direct relationship of family size with anemia due to food insecurity for large family size; however, no significant relationship of anemia with family size could be derived in the present study. Similarly, Sharma et al.[24] also showed higher incidence of anemia in family size >2.
Obstetric factors associated with anemia
In the present study, majority of anemic subjects 47% belonged to the second trimester as compared to the first and third trimesters which had 22% and 31% of patients, respectively. Similar results were seen in a study conducted by Bekele et al.[26] (36.5%). Due to the physiological hemodilution which peaks during the second trimester, high prevalence of anemia during this period can be explained. It has been found in our study that 70.4% of patients of anemia were multigravida while 29.6% were primigravida. This may be explained by the fact that repeated childbirths make the patients more prone to malnutrition resulting in anemia and reducing maternal iron reserves at every pregnancy by causing blood loss at each delivery. Other study by Ayano and Amentie[13] also concluded that multiparous women had higher risk of anemia. Women with prior pregnancy sustain a 500–600 mg iron loss per pregnancy, which is increased by hemorrhage after delivery. Iron deficiency is, therefore, definitely more common as parity increases.
About 48% of subjects had anemia with interpregnancy interval of >2 years as compared to 22.4% of subjects with interpregnancy interval of ≤2 years. On the contrary, studies by Gautam et al.[8] showed higher prevalence of anemia in those with repeated pregnancies with poor birth spacing.
However, a cause-effect relationship still needs to be proved. In the present study, 15% of subjects were anemic who had history of abortion as compared to 85% of subjects who did not have any history of abortion which closely correlates with a study conducted by Ayano and Amentie[13] where the prevalence of anemia is 32.6% as compared to 67.3% who did not have a history of abortions.
Anemia was more prevalent in the patient with the one or the other comorbidity (52.6%) as compare to 47.4% of subjects who had no comorbid condition. It closely correlated with a study conducted by Turner et al.[27] where the prevalence of anemia in subjects with hypertension, diabetes, and hypothyroidism was 8.1%, 4.1%, and 3%, respectively. The present study (60.9%) was comparable with Okube et al.[19]
(65.5%) which showed that anemia was more prevalent in the subjects having BMI >24.9 kg/m2. It can be hypothesized that obesity can increase the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia because of increased inflammation, increases ferritin, thereby promoting sequestration of iron by macrophages, and reduces iron absorption from the gut.
Dietary factors associated with anemia
In the present study, 85.9% of pregnant women were found anemic who did not take iron and folic acid tablets. This may be due to increased iron requirements to supply the expanding blood volume of the mother with rapidly growing fetus and placenta. Our study is in agreement with Okube et al.[19] and Weldemariam.[17] A study done in India showed that those women who had just started to consume or not consuming iron folic acid amounted to 33.3% burden of anemia compared to those pregnant women who consumed full course. Risk of developing anemia increased in pregnant women who took tea (57%) and coffee (76.5%) immediately after meals. Tea and coffee consumption is associated with anemia by reducing iron absorption. Therefore, dietary advice should be given to all mothers to improve intake and absorption of iron from food. This finding was supported by Weldemariam.[17]
The magnitude of anemia was higher 44.8% among the subjects who never ate green leafy vegetables followed by 40.3% of subjects who ate green leafy vegetable at an interval of more than a week, as compared to subjects who ate less than a week 7.6%. Only 7.3% of patients who had green leafy vegetables daily were found to be anemic. This is attributed to the fact that the majority of the participants in the current study consumed plant-based food which is rich in non- heme iron form of consumption. The present study closely compares with a study by Gebreweld and Tsegaye.[28]
In the present study, significant increase in the prevalence of anemia is seen in the subjects who never consumed non- vegetarian 62.1% as compared to only 20% who consumed non-vegetarian diet. The result of the present study was similar to the study conducted by Gebreweld and Tsegaye[28] revealed that dietary habit of less intake of non-vegetarian diet was significantly associated with anemia.
The present study concludes that the prevalence of anemia among the women attending antenatal clinic for the 1st time is 81.8% which is a serious public health problem. It was observed that most of the antenatal women were moderately anemic (Hb<10). The foregoing discussion has indicated that anemia during pregnancy is the result of many factors, including patient belonging to urban or rural area, occupation and socioeconomic status, educational status, gestational age, intake of iron and folic acid supplement, and obstetrical history, dietary habits such as intake of green leafy vegetables, non-vegetarian food and habit of intake of tea immediately after meals. It was also observed that comorbid conditions such as hypothyroidism, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus along with deficiency of iron folate and Vitamin B12 have significant association with the prevalence of anemia.
Anemia control program should be executed more resourcefully in this vital segment of population. Efforts should be aimed toward the early diagnosis and treatment of anemia well before the time of full term delivery. Some of the measures have been suggested to prevent anemia such as screening programs for anemia, health awareness campaigns, frequent visits by Anganwadi workers to pregnant women, cooking food in iron utensils, fortification of food with iodized salt, and iron folic acid supplements. Such measures would go a long way in improving maternal health as well as health of the baby. All these efforts would help to ensure safe motherhood and achieve the target development goals of the millennium.
Keeping in view the observation of the present study, it is recommended that:
Pregnancy being the most nutritionally demanding period in a woman's life, women should be encouraged and counseled to eat more diversified extra meal and iron-rich foods than usual to reduce the incidence of anemia during antenatal period.
Employed pregnant women in private set up should be given time by their employers to attend antenatal clinic and maternity leave before delivery enough to get adequate rest as well as time for recovery after delivery.
Continuous advice and counseling should be given to all the pregnant women to avail the facility of hemoglobin estimation freely available at the rural and urban health center. This will help to define the healthy childbearing age so that the women can give birth without compromising their health.
The authors certify that they have obtained all appropriate patient consent.
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Lent is a time for us to rethink our relationship with Christ. In some traditions, a great deal is made about what you are to give up, but in our tradition the emphasis is always more on what our relationship is with God. Sometimes that is giving something up, especially if it is inhibiting your relationship with God but when we think of Lent, fundamentally we are asking ourselves, how prepared for Easter are we? In reality, it is more than an individual quest or journey; rather, it is a corporate struggle to ask how we resemble Christ's body in this world.
To meet that journey, every year we take a theme; this year, I am picking up on the theme of the Awakening of Hope, also the title of the Wednesday night class. I liked this because within this series it asks the question "why is it important?" Many in the church have this question, but so do our neighbors. Take the people in my demographic 35-50 "confirmed" urban-loving single folks (That is the largest single group around the church at 18.6%).
Many in my group when approached about church give various reasons for going, but often when pushed, the answer, or rather the question they asked back when they are approached is "why? What do I get out of going to church?" For many, the stock answers that we give to those questions are received poorly and simply do not connect with the real needs that are going on in the lives of the people. Moreover, often when churchgoers are asked why it is important to go to church, even those who are incredibly in love with their congregations, have a difficult time articulating why it is important.
Not so surprisingly, this is one of the biggest reasons why people all over the western world are leaving churches; there just seems to be something missing. My theory is that like much of western society, the church has bought into the idea of rugged individualism. In other words, church is about what I want, or like, or need. The problem is that while that may work for some "spiritual centers" and mystic communities, it is antithetical to the Christian faith. In fact, one of the constants throughout the whole Bible is the need for community, and the greatest exhibition of the kingdom of heaven in the world is when the community gathers together to celebrate God.
We often forget that for communities to work there has to be some intentionality. This intentionality comes firstly with understanding why we do what we do. This is why in the bulletin there are headers for each section of worship, so we know why it flows the way it does. In the reformed tradition, all worship, no matter what type, follows a basic principle that the community that is dispersed gathers together, hears the Word, responds to the Word, and is sent into the world. That intentionality gives us a basis for how we move forward and are made whole.
The second part of intentionality and the community is accepting people where they are. This is hard for most people because our biases get in the way. Whether rich or poor or various races and backgrounds, as people we often struggle to see where the people are in life. As a Pastor, I know that even in the best of situations we still do this; heck, I know that even though I hate it, even I do it at times. However, in order to make community work, we have to recognize that first, we are imperfect, and second, so is everyone else. This means that when we, or other people make mistakes, we need to give grace. Moreover, when we welcome someone, we cannot place conditions on our acceptance, because in doing so we may very well be rejecting something that God needs for our community.
So as we enter Lent we ask ourselves how are we preparing to be a stronger body for Christ; well, I would recommend coming to the Wednesday study! But even more than that, have conversations with Nancy or me and find out why it is we do what we do, and ask yourself when something frustrates you about someone else "am I accepting them for the child of God they are?" I hope that over Lent you take the time to look at these questions, and you might just find that your faith has been strengthened and you may come to see God even more fully!


text:
Miami Dolphins In Depth
« The Cowboyfication of Dolphins to continue | Main | Coles good but not at $6 million a year »
Berger signs 3-year deal with Miami [Update 2]
Maybe it's not the splash you wanted, but the Dolphins have addressed two desires along the offensive line with the signing of Joe Berger today.
Berger's visit with the Dolphins today, first reported here, culminated in the former Dallas Cowboys signing a three-year deal with the team this afternoon, also first reported here.
So what is so special about a career backup signing with Miami?
Berger was brought in to compete with starter Samson Satele for the starting center job. At 6-5 and 310 pounds, he more closely fits the mold of what the Dolphins want anchoring the middle of their offensive line. The Dolphins will likely add a draft pick to that center competition as well.
Berger also will provide competition at right guard for Donald Thomas, the rookie who won the job last year but was injured in the season-opener and went on injured reserve.
Even if Berger does not win either job, he will provide the Dolphins with quality depth. The team last year was not pleased with the depth at either left or right guard and suffered for it, particularly in the playoff loss to Baltimore.
A little perspective here: Berger had earned the starting job with the Dolphins in 2005 when he suffered a foot injury that basically cost him the job. The following year the Dolphins needed to make a roster move and cut Berger to put him on the practice squad but he was claimed by the Cowboys. He's been a backup in Dallas since.
"Joe's very happy to be back down there," agent Tom Tafelski said in confirming the deal. "He's reunited with his old Dallas offensive line coach who is now the head coach. He's looking forward to getting the pads on and proving this is a good move for the Dolphins."
So what else is going on? I'll have the names of any other players that might be visiting the Dolphins today after 4 p.m. I don't imagine it will be a very long list. [UPDATE: Berger is the only unrestricted free agent visit the Dolphins are reporting to the NFL today.]
One name not on the list will be Laveranues Coles, who many fans (and some reporters not named Salguero) have speculated would be on Miami's radar. Coles, drafted by Bill Parcells in 2000, is in Buffalo today.
Finally, for now, check out this story by colleague David J. Neal, who today caught up with newly minted strong safety Yeremiah Bell for an exclusive interview following the player's re-signing with Miami yesterday.
[UPDATE 2: Renaldo Hill, who started 39 games for the Dolphins the past three seasons has signed with the Denver Broncos. He signs a four-year deal worth $10 million with a $3 million signing bonus.]
One more thing before you guys continue to complain about Miami's start to free agency. Yes, the Redskins are tilting the cash register. Yes, the Jets are looking to get Bart Scott. Yes, Coles is in Buffalo. Yes, Center Jason Brown is in St. Louis and negotiating with the Rams.
But the winners and losers in free agency aren't determined on the first day. And I like Bill Parcells and Jeff Ireland and their chances of making the right calls as much, indeed more, than the folks in Washington, St. Louis and New York.
Posted by Armando Salguero 02/27/2009 at 02:59 PM | Permalink
Copyright 2016 Miami Herald Herald Medi Company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Q: Small caps inside hyperlinks make tex4ht render open-double-quote as backslash Turning a book I just finished into an ebook, I ran into two (I thought unrelated) problems.  The more vexing one was that the open-double-quote was being turned into a backslash after a point very early on.  The second was that at some point the font went wonky and I was getting character-level s for the bulk of the book, which I was able to work around using the excellent answer here related to \Configure{htf}. Coming up with an MWE for this post, I discovered that they are related.
\documentclass[10pt]{book}

\usepackage{hyperref}

\begin{document}
``This renders correctly''

{\sc Do small caps break it?} ``No"

\hyperlink{a}{How about hyperlinks?} ``No"

\hyperlink{a}{\sc But... small caps inside hyperlinks} make everything afterwards render as
small caps, and break the ``double quotes,'' though not the `single quotes.'

\end{document}

This renders just fine in LaTeX... "But... small caps inside hyperlinks" is rendered in small caps, and the text afterwards is normal, with normal double quotes.  However, compiling it with htlatex test.tex "xhtml" gives HTML with character-level spans that persist after the hyperlink, and the opening double quote is rendered as backslash.
I discovered that I could work around this by putting a \normalfont at the end of the hyperlink text.  It still renders the small caps with character-level spans but I should post that as another question, I suppose.
So I will mark this as "answered," but I wanted to post it to point out what looks to be  a bug in tex4ht, and in case anyone has a similar problem

A: Use \textsc and not the deprecated command \sc:
\documentclass[10pt]{book}

\usepackage{hyperref}

\begin{document}
``This renders correctly''

\textsc{Do small caps break it?} ``No''

\hyperlink{a}{How about hyperlinks?} ``No''

\hyperlink{a}{\textsc{But... small caps inside hyperlinks}} make everything afterwards render as
small caps, and break the ``double quotes,'' though not the `single quotes.'

\end{document}

This is the output after htlatex test.tex "xhtml"
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="iso-8859-1" ?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<meta name="generator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.tug.org/tex4ht/)" />
<meta name="originator" content="TeX4ht (http://www.tug.org/tex4ht/)" />

<meta name="src" content="kuhn.tex" />
<meta name="date" content="2014-08-31 19:32:00" />
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="kuhn.css" />

“This renders correctly”

   Do small caps break it? “No”

   How about hyperlinks? “No”

   But... small caps inside hyperlinks make everything afterwards
render as small caps, and break the “double quotes,” though not the ‘single
quotes.’

and you see that the small caps are properly segregated.

A: As I point out in the text above, inserting a \normalfont at the end of the hyperlink text works around this bug.
I would welcome other answers.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Watch Foo Fighters Perform With Cheap Trick's Rick Nielsen
Theo Wargo / Kevork Djansezian, Getty Images
The Foo Fighters were joined by Cheap Trick guitarist Rick Nielsen in another surprise guest spot on their Concrete and Gold tour.
Nielsen took part in a rendition of "Ain't That a Shame" at Chicago's Wrigley Field. Foos frontman Dave Grohl took over the drum kit for the Fats Domino song, which Cheap Trick have been playing live for decades. As Grohl led a holding intro section, drummer Taylor Hawkins moved to lead vocals, telling the crowd about "one of the greatest bands that ever walked the fucking planet Earth … they're called fucking Cheap Trick."
"Are you fucking familiar with Cheap Trick?" he asked. "If you're familiar with Cheap Trick, you're familiar with this fucking guy. His name's Rick fucking Nielsen. Look at that!" At the end of the song, Nielsen opened his jacket to reveal he was wearing the headline band's T-shirt, saying simply "Foo Fighters!" to the audience.
You can watch their performance below.
During the current leg of the tour, which runs periodically until Oct. 18, the Foo Fighters have welcomed guests like Joe Walsh, John Travolta, Chad Smith, Guns N' Roses and Billy Idol. A pair of fans got married during one of the band's shows, and someone known as "Kiss Guy" astonished Grohl when he was invited onstage to play "Monkey Wrench."
Cheap Trick recently completed a summer tour with Poison, then made a guest appearance with Def Leppard and Journey last week. They're due to tour the U.K. with Def Leppard in December, after a run of North American dates starting on Aug. 3.
Next: Top 10 Cheap Trick Songs
Source: Watch Foo Fighters Perform With Cheap Trick's Rick Nielsen
Filed Under: Foo Fighters
Categories: Rock News, Videos


text:
\section{Introduction}
\input{intro.tex}

\section{Basic notions}
\input{notions.tex}

\section{A dichotomy of monoids}
\input{dichotomy.tex}
\section{Capabilities of valence automata and transducers}
\input{automata.tex}
\section{Capabilities of valence grammars}
\input{grammars.tex}

\bibliographystyle{alpha}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


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text:
Auld Lang Syne sheet music
Traditional Trad. Auld Lang Syne Flute version
Flute Traditional Flute Traditional Flute Free Sheet Music Auld Lang Syne
Auld Lang Syne sheet music for Flute
Tempo: 99BPM
About 'Auld Lang Syne'
Artist: Traditional Melody
The Artist: Traditional Music of unknown author.
"Auld Lang Syne" is a Scots poem written by Robert Burns in 1788 and set to the tune of a traditional folk song . It is well known in many countries, especially in the English-speaking world, its traditional use being to bid farewell to the old year at the stroke of midnight. By extension, it is also sung at funerals, graduations and as a farewell or ending to other occasions.
Should old acquaintance be forgot,
and old lang syne?
For auld lang syne, my dear,
for auld lang syne,
we'll take a cup of kindness yet,
for auld lang syne.
Score Key: C major (Sounding Pitch) ( View more C major Music for Flute )
Tempo Marking:
Range: G5-C7
Difficulty: Easy Level: Recommended for Beginners with some playing experience
Instrument: Flute ( View more Easy Flute Music)
Style: Traditional ( View more Traditional Flute Music)
Treble Clef Instrument
(public domain)
Pop Goes the Weasel by Trad.
The Grand Old Duke of York by Trad.
The Wheels on the Bus by Trad.
O Holy Night by Trad.
Calon Lan by Trad.
The Midnight Special by Trad.
Traditional Music Items to buy
Greensleeves By English Folk Song. For easy guitar (TAB). Folk; Traditional. Easy Guitar with TAB. 2 pages. Published by Hal Leonard - Digital Sheet Music (HX.189547).
Folk Songs for Solo Singers - Vol. 1, Medium High (Book/CD) (11 Folk Songs Arranged for Solo Voice and Piano... For Recitals, Concerts and Contests). Edited by Jay Althouse. For medium high voice solo and piano accompaniment (High voice (Medium-High)). Vocal Collection. For Solo Singers. Folk and Play Along. Difficulty: medium. Songbook and accompaniment CD. Vocal melody, lyrics and piano accompaniment. 63 pages. Published by Alfred Music (AP.16632).
Folk Songs for Solo Singers - Vol. 1, Medium Low (Book) (11 Folk Songs Arranged for Solo Voice and Piano... For Recitals, Concerts and Contests). Edited by Jay Althouse. For medium low voice solo and piano accompaniment (Low voice (Medium-Low)). Vocal Collection. For Solo Singers. Folk. Difficulty: medium. Songbook. Vocal melody, lyrics and piano accompaniment. 63 pages. Published by Alfred Music (AP.4953).
12 Selected Folksong Arrangements (with a CD of performances and accompaniments Medium/Low Voice, Book/CD Pack). Composed by Benjamin Britten (1913-1976). Edited by Richard Walters. For Piano, Vocal, Medium/Low Voice. Boosey & Hawkes Voice. Play Along. Softcover with CD. 40 pages. Boosey & Hawkes #M051934065. Published by Boosey & Hawkes (HL.48019747).
Folk Songs for Solo Singers, Volume 1 (Medium Low Voice). Edited by Jay Althouse. For Voice (Low voice (Medium-Low)). Vocal Collection. For Solo Singers. Play along. Book & CD. 64 pages. Published by Alfred Music (AP.16634).
Complete Folksong Arrangements (61 Songs for High Voice). Composed by Benjamin Britten (1913-1976). Edited by Richard Walters. For Vocal. Boosey & Hawkes Voice. Collection. 264 pages. Boosey & Hawkes #M051933747. Published by Boosey & Hawkes (HL.48018781).


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text:
Victoria Jordanova
Serbia / United States of America
V. Jordanova
Victoria Jordanova (1962), a female Serbian harpist and composer, born in Belgrade. Her education and her career have made her a truly international artist. She received her early musical training at the Belgrade conservatory where, at age seventeen, she earned a diploma in composition, piano and harp. Graduate studies at the Paris Conservatory (on a fellowship from the French government) followed her B.A. degree from Michigan State University. Also in France, she was an Artist in Residence at the Cit Internationale des Arts. After special studies at the Moscow Conservatory, she returned to the U.S. on a Langley Fellowship to New York University where she received her M.A. in Musicology. Recently Jordanova was awarded The Bogliasco Foundation composer's Fellowship. Victoria Jordanova also established the ArpaViva Foundatiun Inc., dedicated to providing access to the highest quality music education to children, regardless of their economic status.
Source: http://home.earthlink.net/~victoriajordanova/bio.html
Victoria Jordanova is an American, residing in San Francisco, composer born in former Yugoslavia in 1962.
Source: Ray of ArpaViva Inc.
Requiem for Bosnia
Text/libretto: scrambled lyrics from Disney movies
Label(s): Composers Recordings Inc CRI CD 673
A requiem for "broken" piano, harp and child's voice. After many years as a professional harpist and teacher, she created her first major work, Requiem for Bosnia, in 1993. An homage to her homeland, the work combines the deep resonances of a "broken" piano with Jordanova's harp improvisations and the voice of a child.
Source: www.composersrecordings.com/cri_artist.cfm/artist_id/183
"Strange and appealing... deeply serious music and yet not at all difficult for a susceptible listener...unsettling, cathartic,and yet still very beautiful...in the traditional sense."
Author: Tim Page
Source: New York Newsday, December 6, 1994
Requiem for Bosnia, for a broken piano, harp and child voice. Text used in the third movement, scrambled lyrics from Disney movies. Requiem for Bosnia contains:
- Requiem
- Recall
- Broken Piano II
Source: http://www.arpaviva.org/Victoria_Jordanova/works.html


text:
iPhone 6S review: the familiar formula plus 3D Touch
Apple's new phone brings a slew of new features in a familiar frame
By Dan Grabham published 20 September 16
Apple iPhone 6S deals
Want to read our very latest iPhone reviews? Check out the iPhone 7 review, iPhone 7 Plus review and iPhone SE review.
Apple's iPhone 6S is the phone that can't come as much of a surprise to many. Every odd-numbered year has yielded an 'S' variant of the previous year's phone, offering a few upgrades to the handset but largely keeping the same design and chasis.
The iPhone 6S is almost identical to 2014's iPhone 6, to the point that we could barely tell the difference between the two in the hand, with a little extra thickness and weight to give you the clue that you're holding a next-gem phone in your hand.
But while the outside is identical, the stuff that Cook's Crew crammed inside is supposed to be a big change - hence Apple's decision to give this phone the tagline: 'The Only Thing That's Changed Is Everything'.
With an all-new way of touching the phone, an improved chassis and a pseudo-magical way at viewing your photos, will this be the first iPhone 'S' variant that is just a polished version of the previous year's model?
iPhone 6S design
The design of the iPhone 6S is, well, the iPhone 6 with 0.2mm thickness and 14g more weight. That's it.
Everything else is the same as the iPhone 6, with even the same cases from last year slipping snugly around its svelte form.
The same ceramic-feeling metal is in effect once more, but this time it's been given a 7000 series aluminium upgrade - the same as used in space programs to make rockets that little bit stronger.
If it wasn't for the hoopla around Bendgate last year, you'd say that this was an utterly unnecessary upgrade - after all, you'd hope that Apple wouldn't have made a phone that bent in the first place, so needing to strengthen it should be necessary.
The screen on the iPhone 6S is identical to last year's model as well, with the same 4.7-inch, 750p display adorning the handset. It's easy to be snobbish and say that's terrible for a phone that costs well over £500, but it still looks stunning thanks to being laminated close to the glass.
Then again, it's not in the same league as the Super AMOLED of the Samsung Galaxy S6, with its QHD resolution starting to offer a better experience for everything from photo viewing to web browsing.
Perhaps we don't need that level of clarity just yet, but 1080p wouldn't have gone amiss here to add a little bit of shine to the screen.
Here's what the iPhone 6S looks like in the flesh.
iPhone 6S 3D Touch
The big, headline-grabbing element of the iPhone 6S is the new way you can interact with the phone. Instead of being limited to swiping up, down, left and right, now you can actually go INTO THE SCREEN.
Sadly, it's not like a mobile version of Tron (notes down idea for screenplay) but the iPhone 6S is able to measure the force with which you push the screen and thus can react accordingly.
Got an email but not sure if it's worth opening? Push the screen and a preview pops up. If you're not bothered about what the Nigerian prince has to say you can let go and return to your inbox, or you can push harder to open the email and claim your millions.
Or perhaps you get link in a message from your Mum and you don't know what it is - a swift poke will show you in preview that it's a clothing sale at that shop you used to like when you were five years old, and you can dismiss it with no more thought - content that you've not wasted time jumping in and out of the messaging app.
3D Touch is littered throughout the iPhone 6S, and it's almost a game to work out where Apple has enabled it. You can see movie previews, check out pictures you've just taken or manipulate the cursor on the screen with ease.
It's a neat system and easily the highlight of this new phone - and when developers get their hands on it, it's going to be a real winner when you're able to do even more Crazy Candy Crushing. It\s a potential feature, rather than one that's fully formed right now, but it's something that you'll really be into after spending a couple of days with it.
iPhone 6S Live Photos and camera
The other big change to the iPhone 6S is to the camera - not just the 12MP sensor that's packed in there, but the fact that pictures have now been imbued with magic. Live Photos, which is enabled by default (but can be easily toggled off with a switch in the bottom corner of the screen) adds a sprinkling of Harry Potter to your snaps by taking a 1.5 second video before and after the snap, recording a cheeky a bit of audio as well.
The result is your normal colourful, sharp snap from Apple, but with when you poke the screen a little more force the picture will begin to move, showing the moment as it was around the photo. With the audio it really adds to the memory, giving you more of a flavour of what actually happened.
Well, that's the theory anyway. If the camera is braced well and taking the picture in strong light it works really well, capturing the moment and adding to what was there before.
But in our testing this didn't happen very often. Generally the result was rather choppy, and if the light levels were lower, the Live Photo was rather jumpy.
The overall quality of the actual snap was never bad though - like the iPhone 6, the 12MP sensor leads to some brilliant pictures. The focusing is strong, the lighting and colour levels excellent and the overall composition is good thanks to the intelligent scene levelling from the phone's engine.
We couldn't see much of a difference from the iPhone 6 in terms of overall picture quality, but then again that sensor didn't let us down either. The overall sharpness was marginally better, but the low light performance was pretty much identical.
The front-facing Facetime HD camera is probably the biggest upgrade within the phone, in terms of raw output. Up from 1.2MP to 5MP, the new sensor takes some great self portraits, with clarity and definition all over the place.
Live Photos are included here too, and even a flash. It's not a dedicated LED sensor, but the iPhone 6S working out the colour balance of the scene it's presented with and firing the screen to an insane brightness for a fraction of a second to simulate a flash.
The result is pretty good - the scene is definitely lit, although not all of the face is bathed in light if it's particularly dark. Get the right lighting mix though and the flash really helps - a pub atmosphere is perfect.
Check out our video of how Live Photos look on the iPhone 6S.
iPhone 6S battery
The battery life of Apple's phones has never been that good, but at least the iPhone 6 managed to bring things up to the level of other Android phones. However, it still wasn't long enough to last the whole day, and the iPhone 6S Plus actually seems to have managed to go a little bit backwards
That's partly down to the smaller battery pack that's been shoved in there, to accommodate for the extra circuitry of the 3D Touch. As such, even with the more efficient A9 chip and the upgraded iOS 9 platform, the iPhone 6 and 6S last for roughly the same amount of time.
At least the new version of iOS brings an enhanced battery saving mode (cunningly called Low Power Mode) which will turn off Siri listening to you all the time and background activity - but it's not enough to make this an industry-leading battery by any stretch of the imagination.
If you're someone stuck with the iPhone 5S or, whisper it, earlier, you'll be badly wanting a new iPhone - and the iPhone 6S is the best Apple handset that's ever been made.
It's not a huge claim though, as if Apple didn't make its best phone this year we'd have a really worrying situation at the Cupertino firm.The big upgrade on offer is the 3D Touch interface, which quickly feels like second nature when you've used the phone for a few days.
Live Photos fails to impress in the way Apple probably hoped, and the improvements to the chassis seem a bit unnecessary - merely there to prove that nothing is going to bend this year.
If there'd been something tangible to grab onto with the new iPhone - a longer lasting battery, a higher-res screen - then perhaps it would have been easy to recommend this model without question. But even still, if you're an iPhone fan then there's no question which is the right one to go for, with the 6S offering future proofing a really fun new interface to play with.
Liked this? Why not read 10 awesome iOS 10 features you really shouldn't miss
Prices - Apple iPhone 6S:▼
Dan Grabham
Dan is a previous Editor for T3.com and covered the latest in computing, home entertainment and mobile tech. He's also the former Deputy Editor of TechRadar and former Editor of Lifehacker UK. Dan has written for numerous computing and lifestyle magazines and has also written a book, too. You'll see him pop up in numerous places, having been quoted in or on The Sun, BBC World Service, BBC News Online, ITN News, BBC Radio 5Live, BBC Radio 4 and Sky News Radio.
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Boy am I pooped! What a weekend?!? The Feist concert was one of the best concerts I've been to. Chris and I had been to Kansas City to see Sting a long time ago, but we didn't get a chance to really see the city. This time around we had time to drive around the city some and we liked what we saw. Kansas City is a very pretty place with lots of trees and green. We were very surprised by just how charming the city is. The concert was at The Starlight Theater on the Missouri side of Kansas City. It's a very quant little outside theater set in a big park (that also houses the local zoo). Juana Molina was the opening act and she was fantastic. I bought a CD, that's how much we liked her. She's like a modern day version of the one-man-band and I fell in love. Feist put on a fabulous show as well. She was very engaging and interactive with the audience. It was just a wonderful night.
Chris and I had a really great time and we begrudgingly admit to be being a bit smitten with KC. Now (5 1/2 hrs later) we're home, tired, but wired over the delivery of our scooters. They're still not here. I took some pictures (we had great seats!), but my camera was on the wrong setting so they're a little blurry. I like to think this adds an artistic twist to the pictures and reflects the energy of the concert.


Set 4 About 57 minutes between these sets.
Set 5 About 63 minutes between these sets.
Set 2 Tue About 62 minutes between these sets.
Set 3 Tue About 56 minutes between these sets.
Set 4 Tue About 50 minutes between these sets.
Set 5 Tue About 49 minutes between these sets.


text:
Clearing the air around e-cigarettes
Credit: vaping360
Fears that "vaping" is a gateway to tobacco smoking are unfounded, shows a comprehensive review of available evidence on the harms and benefits of electronic or e-cigarettes and vapour devices, released today by University of Victoria's Centre for Addictions Research of BC (CARBC) in a report called "Clearing the Air."
Researchers surveyed the rapidly increasing academic literature on e-cigarettes and found evidence that vaping is replacing—rather than encouraging—the smoking of tobacco cigarettes among young people. The CARBC researchers identified 1,622 articles on the topic, of which 170 were relevant to their review. Evidence shows that tobacco use by youth has been declining while use of vapour devices has been increasing.
"Fears of a gateway effect are unjustified and overblown," says principal investigator Marjorie MacDonald. "From a public health perspective, it's positive to see youth moving towards a less harmful substitute to tobacco smoking."
Among their other observations, CARBC researchers found strong evidence that the vapour from e-cigarettes is less toxic than tobacco cigarette smoke. Vapour devices do not release tar, and vapour emissions contain only eighteen of the 79 toxins found in cigarette smoke, including considerably lower levels of certain cancer causing agents and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Almost all substances tested were substantially lower, or not detected, in vapour devices compared to cigarettes.
In addition, vapour from electronic devices is airborne for less than 30 seconds compared to 18 to 20 minutes for tobacco smoke, substantially reducing the time of second-hand exposure.
Researchers caution, however, that some vapour devices may contain potentially concerning levels of metals and particulate matter, noting that there has been insufficient research regarding some significant carcinogens that may still be present.
Finally, they found encouraging evidence that vapour devices could be at least as effective as other nicotine replacements as aids to help tobacco smokers quit.
"The public has been misled about the risks of e-cigarettes," concludes Tim Stockwell, CARBC director and co-principal investigator. "Many people think they are as dangerous as smoking tobacco but the evidence shows this is completely false."
The team recommends that Canadian regulations of vapour devices be informed by the best available evidence and with a view to improving public health; that more accurate information about their risks in comparison with tobacco use is provided to the public; and that strategies are developed to help people who wish to quit smoking have affordable access to the safest forms of vapour devices.
This research was funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. UVic PhD candidate Renée O'Leary was the project coordinator and lead author on the report. Dan Reist, CARBC assistant director, is a co-author.
Jan. 15 to 21 is National Non-Smoking Week in Canada.
A media kit containing author photos, full report (for media only, not for publication), and an infographic is available on Dropbox. An executive summary is available here.
-- 30 --
Tim Stockwell (Director, UVic's Centre for Addictions Research) at 250-472-5445 or timstock@uvic.ca
Marjorie MacDonald (Scientist, UVic's Centre for Addictions Research/Nursing) at 250-472-4399 or marjorie@uvic.ca
Suzanne Ahearne (University Communications + Marketing) at 250-721-6139 or sahearne@uvic.ca
Keywords: nursing, addictions, cigarettes, research, Canadian Institute for Substance Use Research
People: Tim Stockwell, Marjorie MacDonald, Renee O'Leary, Dan Reist
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text:
Rilling, Milligan trade jabs as DiScala opines on 'POKO'
4 : 38 am EDT July 2 2019
Mike DiScala attends a recent Wall Street Neighborhood Association meeting. At right is Wall Street businessman Mike McGuire, who is a true "stakeholder," not like four of the five developers consulted by Mayor Harry Rilling on the "POKO" project, Jason Milligan said.
NORWALK, Conn. – Shots and countershots – taunting jabs, really – have resulted in today's top NancyOnNorwalk news.
With real estate broker Jason Milligan casting aspersions on Mayor Harry Rilling's claim of support from "five highly respected and reputable stakeholders" for the plan to restart the "POKO" project, Rilling on Saturday released the names and suggested that now it was time for Milligan to reveal the name of his alleged buyer for the Garden Cinemas.
Milligan has not released a name, instead issuing a lengthy statement claiming that the stakeholders have self-interest at heart and, in most cases, aren't true stakeholders, in publicly supporting the POKO plan, a 100% affordable housing project on the corner of Isaac and Wall Streets instead of a Tyvek-covered hulk.
The controversy has also resulted in some news from developer Mike DiScala, who told NancyOnNorwalk that he is not looking to go forward with Head of the Harbor North development until the "POKO" situation is resolved, and maybe not afterwards either, depending on market conditions.
Milligan has created a "toxic" situation, boxing JHM Group into turning the Garden Cinemas into a parking garage and scaring off other investors with the threat of lawsuits, DiScala said.
Milligan called Rilling's alleged "stakeholder" consultation "political calculus."
"Harry knows in his soul that he is selling out the City of Norwalk," Milligan wrote Saturday. "Using political calculus Team Rilling called in a favor from some fancy names. If Harry can say that 5 big shots support the plan then he has cover and people might not think the plan is so bad. However, the names of the 5 'stakeholders' were not originally released and not one of them have actually given their public support."
You show me yours
"You owe it to the public to reveal who the 5 'Stakeholders' are. They are not members of the Wall Street Neighborhood Association and they are not residents of the Wall Street area. Was one of them Mario or McClutchy?" Milligan wrote Saturday in a NancyOnNorwalk comment.
Rilling on Saturday released the names of the developers – Mike DiScala, Clay Fowler, Carl Keuhner, Tom Rich, and Stanley Seligson – and said Milligan should reciprocate by revealing who was allegedly interested in buying the Garden Cinemas and keep it open as a cinema arthouse, as a non-profit.
Milligan has previously declined to provide a name for the alleged buyer.
"I am not running for mayor and I don't owe Harry any information about tentative buyers or clients of mine. I don't want or need his help," Milligan wrote to NancyOnNorwalk. "It is very sad to think the theater will be demolished for a small parking garage especially when there are so many other better plans that exist."
"It is not clear how much information these 5 'stakeholders' were given about the plan before their endorsement was sought? It seems doubtful that any of them were given much information or time to fully review, and of course none of them were given independent perspective from other true stakeholders," Milligan wrote in the Saturday email. "Now that details of the plan have emerged it will be interesting to see if any of them come forward to support it. If they ever do support the plan then they would lose immeasurable credibility and respect from the community and they should expect a very thorough scrutiny of all past projects and all pending projects with this administration. There are lots of reasons they might support this project other than it being good for Norwalk."
Three of the "five stakeholders" have spoken with NancyOnNorwalk; their opinions on the project are highlighted in a story you can find here. The story was published Tuesday.
"The 5 so called 'stakeholders' have all benefited handsomely under this administration, and they surely want to keep the deals rolling. Harry no doubt pressured them to support this project," Milligan wrote.
'Forcing the developer to buy the theater'
DiScala did not reply to a Monday email asking for a response to Milligan's comments.
"Jason Milligan illegally, apparently, purchased the parking for the POKO," DiScala said Friday. "It's actually forcing the developer to buy the theater, because where are they going to park? …He boxed them in. He could sell to the developer or to the city or to the bank, for a profit. Those three entities have chosen not to deal with him. There's a lawsuit going on…. The situation became very toxic."
Milligan is embroiled in a lawsuit with the City and the Norwalk Redevelopment Agency, and has sued Citibank, claiming that "POKO" is in violation of an easement for properties he owns.
Milligan bought that property, the Fairfield County Bank buildings, late last year. He bought the "POKO" parking in May 2018 in a transaction that the City says was illegal. Milligan says the LDA has already been violated many times, and is invalid.
Both sides of the resultant lawsuit are waiting for Judge Charles Lee to issue a ruling on Milligan's motion to dismiss the complaint on the grounds that the LDA is invalid because the 2004 Wall Street Redevelopment Plan has expired.
"Mike Discala is a terrific guy," Milligan wrote Saturday. "I respect him a lot. He is a good builder, and he genuinely cares about Norwalk and Wall st. He is the only true stakeholder in the group. I know Mike Discala and I do not believe that if he were given all relevant information about the Citibank plan that he would support it."
DiScala, as detailed in the other story, isn't crazy about the plan but feels it's the best option under the circumstances.
"No developer, frankly, in their right mind, including myself, wanted to tackle it or would touch it," he said Friday. "Jason wants to sue everybody, or everybody is suing, who needs it?"
Citibank has a preferred developer, JHM, with whom it has a good relationship and who is willing to tackle the project, DiScala said. "You know, the devil in your backyard is better than the devil you don't."
"I wouldn't touch it with a 10-foot pole," DiScala said. "I have nothing against Jason Milligan. But who wants a lawsuit? It's toxic. So you really are limited to who is going to buy this thing. You don't know. All I know is what we have today, and it works, I wouldn't chance anything else."
Friends with Rilling, going way back
"Harry really is a good friend of mine, and has been for about 25 years," DiScala said. "Rumor is he came to Italy with me and the answer is yes he did: 15 years ago, maybe, well before he became Mayor."
When Rilling became Mayor, "not that we distanced ourselves, but we felt it would be better we don't socialize as much as we used to," DiScala said. "But I think he's a good hardworking, honest man. I think he has the best interest of Norwalk at heart and frankly when it comes up to a situation that I am involved in with a Norwalk, he actually you know, recuses himself, and says, `you know, I can't get involved because I do contribute to his campaign. So I don't have any favors from him, nor do I want any favors."
DiScala said he prefers to build "as of right" developments, not seeking variances or special permits because, "Norwalk is very difficult to navigate to begin with so, it's hard to get things done in Norwalk."
That's in the context of someone who develops property around the country.
DiScala said he's building the project he got approved in South Norwalk but he's not going to go ahead with Head of the Harbor North – the one over the City parking lot that was allegedly going to be sold to him for $1 – unless the POKO situation is resolved because "I feel uneasy about that."
"I've been encouraged by some of the stakeholders there because obviously they all want to see more density, but I am not prepared to go ahead with that project right now," DiScala said Friday. "…The conditions of the economy, with the a geopolitical situation we're all faced with right now, I am a little uncomfortable. There's also a lot of apartments going up in Norwalk. I don't know when we'll reach the saturation point, so I say yes, but there's a lot of conditions. We're conservative people, so if there is a need for good housing and will provide it. We don't build or sell or flip. We build and hold. So, if the market is right and they need our product then we'll go ahead."
DiScala also confirmed a story Milligan's been telling: he got Milligan into real estate.
"I met with Jason years ago, and I think he is making more money today than he was selling yellow pages," DiScala said. "I am glad I was able to help him."
Milly July 2, 2019 at 6:09 am
Taking away more parking lots to build apartments – Norwalk is doomed!
Piberman July 2, 2019 at 7:29 am
Anyone know of a successful CT City that's mostly renters ? But that's where Mayor Rilling is heading – Norwalk a City of renters. Rather than encouraging a "real City" with a major corporate center offering good jobs to City residents. That would require a City Mayor with a good business background and connections with the greater business community. Not in Norwalk's future. Past is prologue here.
Claire Schoen July 2, 2019 at 10:22 am
Why does this entire situation remind me of squabbling middle schoolers?
That said, thank you, Nancy on Norwalk, for keeping us really informed about the bad behavior.
If you've been following this story but haven't been following up with a donation to our hard-hitting news site, please head on over to the donation box and become a sustaining donor. We cannot publish without your help!
Jason Milligan July 2, 2019 at 10:32 am
Investing $4.4 million returns only $175,000 in property taxes per year because of the sweetheart tax deal already given by the LDA.
We hired a Chief of Economic Development for a pretty healthy salary. This person is in charge of planning, zoning and economic development.
I guess we could take Mushak's word for it but since we have a Chief now, can we please some economic analysis of this project?
We all should be curious to see if this project is a good use of $4.4 Million of new tax payer funds?
What else could that $4.4 Million be invested in?
What other options were considered besides this particular $80 Million taxpayer bailout project?
We are given 2 choices right now.
This $80 Million bailout "something"…
Those are false choices but if those are the choices given let's at least analyze those 2 choices in a proper way.
What is the economic impact of doing nothing?
Norwalk is currently fining "bad actor" Citibank $250 per day or $91,250 per year. We have the ability to fine Citibank another $250 if DPW would enforce their demands to restore Isaacs st to pre-construction condition. That is $182,500 per year if they do nothing on the site. The economic impact of option 2 do "Nothing" adds $182,500 to the City funds with no additional tax payer investment.
Debora Goldstein July 2, 2019 at 2:54 pm
O fer goodness sake. Did nobody remember Farricker's proposal for the garden cinemas and an arts district? Did anybody ask him?
Lawsuits are one reason to hold back on a project. Future, possibly benegicial tax and zoning changes are another. Which will win, carrot or stick?
James Cahn July 2, 2019 at 3:37 pm
DiScala rocks an 18k DD 5 digit? That's quality right there. Nice choice.
Jason July 3, 2019 at 1:51 pm
The lovely, artsy, slightly shabby (but in a good way) Garden Cinemas is the real loser in all of this. Along, of course, with the very frustrated taxpayers who truly believe, like Jason, that this city has enormous (untapped) potential.
Alice Allen July 4, 2019 at 12:11 pm
The ugliest, non-inviting complex I've ever seen! I'd like to comment negatively more but enough said. I've been a resident of Norwalk 76 years and have seen no improvement of the past decade. Going down hill rapidly. School overcrowding. Aesthetics gone. Industry leaving.


text:
import sys

def compute_kmp_list(substring, kmp_list):
    current_prefix_index = 0
    index = 1

    while index < len(substring):
        if substring[index] == substring[current_prefix_index]:
            current_prefix_index += 1
            kmp_list[index] = current_prefix_index
            index += 1
        else:
            if current_prefix_index != 0:
                current_prefix_index = kmp_list[current_prefix_index - 1]
            else:
                kmp_list[index] = 0
                index += 1

def is_substring(string, substring):
    kmp_list = [0] * len(substring)
    string_index = 0
    substring_index = 0

    compute_kmp_list(substring, kmp_list)

    while string_index < len(string) and substring_index < len(substring):
        if string[string_index] == substring[substring_index]:
            string_index += 1
            substring_index += 1
        else:
            if substring_index != 0:
                substring_index = kmp_list[substring_index - 1]
            else:
                string_index += 1

    return substring_index == len(substring)

def main():
    for dna in sys.stdin:
        dna_code = input()

        if is_substring(dna, dna_code):
            print('Resistente')
        else:
            print('Nao resistente')

main()

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


I'll be taking a break from breeding for awhile now that I've got this beauty.
The voucher was usable and we have a zygard cube like in the games.
I've been hunting that for nearly 3 years. It must know I'm more of a dog person.
May Wulfenite always win the SWSH.
Finished this shiny hunt pretty quickly, took 68 eggs.
Oh man forgot the cells could be shiny. @Zinogre thanks for posting the beauty and congrats on the awesome shiny!
Ooh, the shiny cells are pretty!
Thanks, Dolphine, I was wondering what a 10% Zygarde looked like.
Nice random shiny. Now I have shiny dex completion for Riolu.
Two shinies in three days.
Another for the Blue Moons - this one was from a Voucher.
Shiny Minior was self bred too, I was breeding them for one of the Scavenger Hunt tasks and I got the only shiny bred :).
I've been at that exploration for over a year now Just can't find the motivation to do all the clicking for it.
As soon as I saw how much clicking I'd have to do for that one, I quit. Yeesh.
I had no issues with the clicking tasks, those were easy. It was hatching the eggs and leveling the Pokemon in Task 11 that I wasn't fond of.
Hatched my second shiny Zygarde Cell today. When I was going for my first shiny one, my Shine Recorder glitched and I had two Zygarde Cell hunts going on at once. I didn't bother cancelling the duplicate one so when I got the first one, the second one started a hunt. It's the first time I had a glitch on gpx.
I never said they were hard. Just needlessly time-consuming. I don't have Opera, and I'm not big on clicking anyway.
Nice random Shiny while looking for a pokemon with good IVs for the Pokehunt.
That task was a nightmare. But the clicking ones aren't so much hard (though they DID kill my old mouse AND the spacebar on my old keyboard :/ ) it's that they're mindnumbingly tedious.
SWSH voting's up already! I voted for Drampa, Komala, and Bruxish.
But the clicking ones aren't so much hard (though they DID kill my old mouse AND the spacebar on my old keyboard :/ ) it's that they're mindnumbingly tedious.
Exactly. Had I continued, my brain would've eaten itself for lack of stimulation.
Oh I wasn't saying that you guys said it was hard, I just said I had no issues with the clicking tasks. I crank on some tunes and click to the beat of the song. My wrists on the other hand don't really like clicking a bunch of times XD.
I don't know what I'm voting for the SWSH. I already know that 7th gen Pokémon are going to be in the top 3, just like last month.
I voted for Whismur, Minior, and Stufful. Whismur because I've been hunting it on my own and eggs are becoming rare and the other two because they look decent. I started TBD for the sake of completing all explorations and this guy needs another 330 Aspear berries/warhead candy if anyone wants to help.


text:
class OffsetBlock : public InOutBlock
{
    Q_OBJECT

public:

    static BlockInfo info() {
        static BlockInfo info;
        info.typeName = "Offset";
        info.category << "General" << "Line / Matrix";
        info.helpText = "Shifts the input matrix in x and y direction.\n\n"
                        "Connect the offset for exmaple to a Sawtooth Generator to continously "
                        "shift the matrix.";
        info.qmlFile = "qrc:/qml/Blocks/Logic/OffsetBlock.qml";
        info.complete<OffsetBlock>();
        return info;
    }

    explicit OffsetBlock(MainController* controller, QString uid);

public slots:
    virtual BlockInfo getBlockInfo() const override { return info(); }

private slots:
    void update();

protected:
    DoubleAttribute m_offsetX;
    DoubleAttribute m_offsetY;

};

#endif // OFFSETBLOCK_H