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Colorectal cancer is a disease in which cells in the colon or rectum become abnormal and divide without control, forming a mass called a tumor (see Question 1).
The exact causes of colorectal cancer are not known. However, studies show that certain factors increase a person's chance of developing colorectal cancer (see Question 2).
Health care providers may suggest one or more tests for colorectal cancer screening, including a fecal occult blood test (FOBT); sigmoidoscopy; regular, or standard, colonoscopy; virtual colonoscopy; double contrast barium enema (DCBE); or digital rectal exam (DRE) (see Question 4).
People should talk with their health care provider about when to begin screening for colorectal cancer, what tests to have, the benefits and risks (potential harms) of each test, and how often to schedule appointments (see Question 5).
New methods, such as the genetic testing of stool samples, to screen for colorectal cancer are under study (see Question 8).
Colorectal cancer is a disease in which cells in the colon or rectum become abnormal and divide without control, forming a mass called a tumor. (The colon and rectum are parts of the body's digestive system, which takes up nutrients from food and water, and stores solid waste until it passes out of the body.)
Colorectal cancer cells may also invade and destroy the tissue around them. In addition, they may break away from the tumor and spread to form new tumors in other parts of the body.
Colorectal cancer is the third most common type of non-skin cancer in men (after prostate cancer and lung cancer) and in women (after breast cancer and lung cancer). It is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States after lung cancer. Although the rate of new colorectal cancer cases and deaths is decreasing in this country, more than 145,000 new cases were diagnosed and more than 49,000 people died from this disease each year over the past 5 years (1).
Who is at risk of developing colorectal cancer?
The exact causes of colorectal cancer are not known. However, studies have shown that certain factors are linked to an increased chance of developing this disease (2–11), including the following:
Age— Colorectal cancer is more likely to occur as people get older. Although this disease can occur at any age, most people who develop colorectal cancer are over age 50.
Polyps— Polyps are abnormal growths that protrude from the inner wall of the colon or rectum. They are relatively common in people over age 50. Most polyps are benign (noncancerous), but experts believe that the majority of colorectal cancers develop in polyps known as adenomas. Detecting and removing these growths may help prevent colorectal cancer. The procedure to remove polyps is called a polypectomy.
Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to develop polyps. Familial adenomatous polyposis, or FAP, is a rare, inherited condition in which hundreds of polyps develop in the colon and rectum. Because individuals with this condition are extremely likely to develop colorectal cancer, they are often treated with surgery to remove the colon and rectum in an operation called a colectomy. Rectum-sparing surgery may also be an option. In addition, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved an anti-inflammatory drug, celecoxib, for the treatment of FAP. Doctors may prescribe this drug in combination with surveillance and surgery to manage FAP.
Personal history— A person who has already had colorectal cancer is at an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer a second time. Also, research studies have shown that some women with a history of ovarian, uterine, or breast cancer have a higher than average chance of developing colorectal cancer.
Family history— Close relatives (parents, siblings, or children) of a person who has had colorectal cancer are somewhat more likely to develop this type of cancer themselves, especially if the family member developed the cancer at a young age. If many family members have had colorectal cancer, the chances increase even more.
Ulcerative colitis or Crohn colitis— Ulcerative colitis is a condition that causes inflammation and sores (ulcers) in the lining of the colon. Crohn colitis (also called Crohn disease) causes chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, most often of the small intestine (the part of the digestive tract that is located between the stomach and the large intestine). People who have ulcerative colitis or Crohn colitis may be more likely to develop colorectal cancer than people who do not have these conditions.
Diet— Some evidence suggests that the development of colorectal cancer may be associated with high dietary consumption of red and processed meats and low consumption of whole grains, fruits, and vegetables. Researchers are exploring what role these and other dietary components play in the development of colorectal cancer.
Exercise— Some evidence suggests that a sedentary lifestyle may be associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. In contrast, people who exercise regularly may have a decreased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Also see the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Fact Sheet Physical Activity and Cancer: Questions and Answers at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/physical-activity-qa on the Internet.
Smoking— Increasing evidence from epidemiologic studies suggests that cigarette smoking, particularly long-term smoking, increases the risk of colorectal cancer.
What is screening, and why is it important?
Screening is checking for health problems before they cause symptoms. Colorectal cancer screening can detect cancer; polyps; nonpolypoid lesions, which are flat or slightly depressed areas of abnormal cell growth; and other conditions. Nonpolypoid lesions occur less often than polyps, but they can also develop into colorectal cancer (12).
If colorectal cancer screening reveals a problem, diagnosis and treatment can occur promptly. In addition, finding and removing polyps or other areas of abnormal cell growth may be one of the most effective ways to prevent colorectal cancer development. Also, colorectal cancer is generally more treatable when it is found early, before it has had a chance to spread.
What methods are used to screen people for colorectal cancer?
Health care providers may suggest one or more of the following tests for colorectal cancer screening:
Fecal occult blood test (FOBT)— This test checks for hidden blood in fecal material (stool). Currently, two types of FOBT are available. One type, called guaiac FOBT, uses the chemical guaiac to detect heme in stool. Heme is the iron-containing component of the blood protein hemoglobin. The other type of FOBT, called immunochemical FOBT, uses antibodies to detect human hemoglobin protein in stool (13–15). Studies have shown that FOBT, when performed every 1 to 2 years in people ages 50 to 80, can help reduce the number of deaths due to colorectal cancer by 15 to 33 percent (13–15).
Sigmoidoscopy— In this test, the rectum and lower colon are examined using a lighted instrument called a sigmoidoscope. During sigmoidoscopy, precancerous and cancerous growths in the rectum and lower colon can be found and either removed or biopsied. Studies suggest that regular screening with sigmoidoscopy after age 50 can help reduce the number of deaths from colorectal cancer (14). A thorough cleansing of the lower colon is necessary for this test.
Colonoscopy—In this test, the rectum and entire colon are examined using a lighted instrument called a colonoscope. During colonoscopy, precancerous and cancerous growths throughout the colon can be found and either removed or biopsied, including growths in the upper part of the colon, where they would be missed by sigmoidoscopy. However, it is not yet known for certain whether colonoscopy can help reduce the number of deaths from colorectal cancer. A thorough cleansing of the colon is necessary before this test, and most patients receive some form of sedation.
Virtual colonoscopy (also called computerized tomographic colonography)—In this test, special x-ray equipment is used to produce pictures of the colon and rectum. A computer then assembles these pictures into detailed images that can show polyps and other abnormalities. Because it is less invasive than standard colonoscopy and sedation is not needed, virtual colonoscopy may cause less discomfort and take less time to perform. As with standard colonoscopy, a thorough cleansing of the colon is necessary before this test. Whether virtual colonoscopy can reduce the number of deaths from colorectal cancer is not yet known.
Double contrast barium enema (DCBE)—In this test, a series of x-rays of the entire colon and rectum are taken after the patient is given an enema with a barium solution and air is introduced into the colon. The barium and air help to outline the colon and rectum on the x-rays. Research shows that DCBE may miss small polyps. It detects about 30 to 50 percent of the cancers that can be found with standard colonoscopy (14).
Digital rectal exam (DRE)—In this test, a health care provider inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum to feel for abnormal areas. DRE allows examination of only the lower part of the rectum. It is often performed as part of a routine physical examination.
Scientists are still studying colorectal cancer screening methods, both alone and in combination, to determine how effective they are. Studies are also under way to clarify the potential risks, or harms, of each test. See Question 5 for a table outlining some of the advantages and disadvantages, including potential harms, of specific colorectal cancer screening tests.
How can people and their health care providers decide which colorectal cancer screening test(s) to use and how often to be screened?
Several major organizations, including the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (a group of experts convened by the U.S. Public Health Service), the American Cancer Society, and professional societies, have developed guidelines for colorectal cancer screening. Although some details of their recommendations vary regarding which screening tests to use and how often to be screened, all of these organizations support screening for colorectal cancer.
People should talk with their health care provider about when to begin screening for colorectal cancer, what tests to have, the benefits and harms of each test, and how often to schedule appointments.
The decision to have a certain test will take into account several factors, including the following:
the person's age, medical history, family history, and general health;
the accuracy of the test;
the potential harms of the test;
the preparation required for the test;
whether sedation is necessary during the test;
the follow-up care after the test;
the convenience of the test; and
the cost of the test and the availability of insurance coverage.
The following table outlines some of the advantages and disadvantages, including potential harms, of the colorectal cancer screening tests described in this fact sheet.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Colorectal Cancer Screening Tests
Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)
No cleansing of the colon is necessary.
Samples can be collected at home.
The cost is low compared with other colorectal cancer screening tests.
FOBT does not cause bleeding or tearing/perforation of the lining of the colon.
This test fails to detect most polyps and some cancers (13, 15).
False-positive results (the test suggests an abnormality when none is present) are possible (13, 15).
Dietary restrictions and changes, such as avoiding meat, certain vegetables, vitamin C, iron supplements, and aspirin, and increasing fiber consumption, are often recommended for several days before a guaiac FOBT. These restrictions and changes are not required for immunochemical FOBT.
Additional procedures, such as colonoscopy, may be necessary if the test indicates an abnormality.
The test is usually quick, with few complications.
For most patients, discomfort is minimal.
In some cases, the doctor may be able to perform a biopsy (the removal of tissue for examination under a microscope by a pathologist) and remove polyps during the test, if necessary.
Less extensive cleansing of the colon is necessary with this test than for a colonoscopy.
This test allows the doctor to view only the rectum and the lower part of the colon. Any polyps in the upper part of the colon will be missed.
There is a very small risk of bleeding or tearing/ perforation of the lining of the colon (16).
This test allows the doctor to view the rectum and the entire colon.
The doctor can perform a biopsy and remove polyps or other abnormal tissue during the test, if necessary.
This test may not detect all small polyps, nonpolypoid lesions, and cancers, but it is one of the most sensitive tests currently available.
Thorough cleansing of the colon is necessary before this test.
Some form of sedation is used in most cases.
Although uncommon, complications such as bleeding and/or tearing/perforation of the lining of the colon can occur (16).
Virtual Colonoscopy
This is not an invasive procedure, so there is no risk of bleeding or tearing/perforation of the lining of the colon.
This test may not detect all small polyps, nonpolypoid lesions, and cancers (17, 18).
Thorough cleansing of the colon is necessary before the test.
If a polyp or nonpolypoid lesion 6 to 9 millimeters in size or larger is detected, standard colonoscopy, usually immediately after the virtual procedure, will be recommended to remove the polyp or lesion or perform a biopsy (19, 20).
Double Contrast Barium Enema(DCBE)
This test usually allows the doctor to view the rectum and the entire colon.
Complications are rare.
No sedation is necessary.
The test may not detect some small polyps and cancers (14).
False-positive results are possible.
The doctor cannot perform a biopsy or remove polyps during the test.
Additional procedures are necessary if the test indicates an abnormality.
Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)
Often part of a routine physical examination.
The test is usually quick and painless.
The test can detect abnormalities only in the lower part of the rectum.
Do insurance companies pay for colorectal cancer screening?
Insurance coverage varies. People should check with their health insurance provider to determine their colorectal cancer screening benefits. Because virtual colonoscopy is a fairly new procedure, reimbursement policies may be more uncertain than for other types of screening. Medicare covers several colorectal cancer screening tests for its beneficiaries. Specific information about Medicare benefits is available on the Medicare Web site at http://www.medicare.gov/health/overview.asp on the Internet.
What happens if a colorectal cancer screening test shows an abnormality?
If a screening test finds an abnormality, the health care provider will perform a physical exam and evaluate the person's personal and family medical history. Additional tests may be ordered. These tests may include x-rays of the gastrointestinal tract, sigmoidoscopy, or, most often, colonoscopy (see Question 4). The health care provider may also order a blood test called a CEA assay to measure carcinoembryonic antigen, a protein that is sometimes detected in greater amounts in patients with colorectal cancer. If an abnormality is found during a sigmoidoscopy, a biopsy or polypectomy may be performed during the test, and a colonoscopy may be recommended. If an abnormality is found during a standard colonoscopy, a biopsy or polypectomy is performed to determine whether cancer is present. If an abnormality is detected during virtual colonoscopy, most patients would be referred for a standard colonoscopy the same day.
Are new tests under study for colorectal cancer screening?
Genetic testing of stool samples is being studied as a possible way to screen for colorectal cancer (15, 21, 22). The lining of the colon is constantly shedding cells into the stool. Testing stool samples for genetic alterations that occur in colorectal cancer cells may help doctors find evidence of cancer or precancerous growths. Research conducted thus far has shown that this kind of test can detect colorectal cancer in people already diagnosed with this disease by other means. However, more studies are needed to determine whether this type of test can accurately detect colorectal cancer or precancerous polyps in people who do not have symptoms.
Information about ongoing clinical trials that are studying methods for colorectal cancer screening can be found in NCI's clinical trials database. This database can be searched by visiting http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/search or http://www.cancer.gov/Search/SearchClinicalTrialsAdvanced.aspx on the Internet. You may also contact NCI's Cancer Information Service (see contact information below) for assistance in searching the clinical trials database or for other cancer information needs.
American Cancer Society (2008). Cancer Facts and Figures 2008. Atlanta, GA: American Cancer Society. Retrieved August 10, 2008, from http://www.cancer.org/downloads/STT/2008CAFFfinalsecured.pdf.
Hill LB, O'Connell JB, Ko CY. Colorectal cancer: Epidemiology and health services research. Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America 2006; 15(1):21–37.
Schatzkin A, Mouw T, Park Y, et al. Dietary fiber and whole-grain consumption in relation to colorectal cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2007; 85(5):1353–1360.
Koushik A, Hunter DJ, Spiegelman D, et al. Fruits, vegetables, and colon cancer risk in a pooled analysis of 14 cohort studies. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2007; 99(19):1471–1483.
Gonzalez CA. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Public Health Nutrition 2006; 9(1A):124–126.
Norat T, Bingham S, Ferrari P, et al. Meat, fish, and colorectal cancer risk: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2005; 97(12):906–916.
Howard RA, Freedman DM, Park Y, et al. Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and the risk of colon and rectal cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Cancer Causes and Control 2008; 19(9):939–953.
Friedenreich C, Norat T, Steindorf K, et al. Physical activity and risk of colon and rectal cancers: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention 2006; 15(12):2398–2407.
Samad AK, Taylor RS, Marshall T, Chapman MA. A meta-analysis of the association of physical activity with reduced risk of colorectal cancer. Colorectal Disease 2005; 7(3):204–213.
Paskett ED, Reeves KW, Rohan TE, et al. Association between cigarette smoking and colorectal cancer in the Women's Health Initiative. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2007; 99(22):1729–1735.
Chao A, Thun MJ, et al. Cigarette smoking and colorectal cancer mortality in the Cancer Prevention Study II. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2000; 92(23):1888–1896.
Soetikno RM, Kaltenbach T, Rouse RV, et al. Prevalence of nonpolypoid (flat and depressed) colorectal neoplasms in asymptomatic and symptomatic adults. Journal of the American Medical Association 2008; 299(9):1027–1035.
Burch JA, Soares-Weiser K, St John DJ, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of faecal occult blood tests used in screening for colorectal cancer: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Screening 2007; 14(3):132–137.
PDQ® Cancer Information Summary. National Cancer Institute; Bethesda, Maryland. Colorectal Cancer Screening—Health Professional. Date last modified: 08/26/2008. Available at http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/screening/colorectal/healthprofessional. Accessed 10/3/2008.
Ouyang DL, Chen JJ, Getzenberg RH, Schoen RE. Noninvasive testing for colorectal cancer: A review. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2005; 100(6):1393–1403.
Gatto NM, Frucht H, Sundararajan V, et al. Risk of perforation after colonoscopy and sigmoidoscopy: A population-based study. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 2003; 95(3):230–236.
Pickhardt PJ, Choi JR, Hwang I, et al. Computed tomographic virtual colonoscopy to screen for colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic adults. New England Journal of Medicine 2003; 349(23):2191–2200.
Johnson CD, Chen MH, Toledano AY, et al. Accuracy of CT colonography for detection of large adenomas and cancers. New England Journal of Medicine 2008; 359(12): 1207–1217.
Rex DK, ACG Board of Trustees. American College of Gastroenterology action plan for colorectal cancer prevention. American Journal of Gastroenterology 2004; 99(4): 574–577.
Summerton S, Little E, Cappell MS. CT colonography: Current status and future promise. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America 2008; 37(1):161–189.
Imperiale TF, Ransohoff DF, Itzkowitz SH, Turnbull BA, Ross ME. Fecal DNA versus fecal occult blood for colorectal-cancer screening in an average-risk population. New England Journal of Medicine 2004; 351(26):2704–2714.
Itzkowitz SH, Jandorf L, Brand R, et al. Improved fecal DNA test for colorectal cancer screening. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology 2007; 5(1):111–117.
Related NCI materials and Web pages:
National Cancer Institute Fact Sheet Physical Activity and Cancer: Questions and Answers
(http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/physical-activity-qa)
Colon and Rectal Cancer Home Page
(http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/colon-and-rectal)
What You Need To Know About™ Cancer of the Colon and Rectum
(http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/colon-and-rectal)
For more help, contact:
NCI's Cancer Information Service
Telephone (toll-free): 1–800–4–CANCER (1–800–422–6237)
TTY (toll-free): 1–800–332–8615
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Poznaňsko (, ) byla pruská provincie od roku 1848 do roku 1920. Poznaňsko bylo vytvořeno jako provincie Pruského království v roce 1848 po Velkopolském povstání, přeměnou Poznaňského velkovévodství připojeného k Prusku během dělení Polska v roce 1815. V roce 1871 se Poznaňsko stalo součástí Německého císařství. Po první světové válce bylo Poznaňsko krátce součástí Svobodného státu Prusko ve Výmarské republice, ale v roce 1920 bylo na základě Versailleské smlouvy zrušeno a většina jeho území byla postoupena Druhé Polské republice. Zbývající německé území bylo v roce 1922 reorganizováno na Poznaňsko-Západní Prusko.

Hlavním městem byla Poznaň.

Reference

Externí odkazy

Prusko
Historická území Polska
Vzniklo 1848
Zaniklo 1920
Provincie v Prusku

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


Sarah Yates, of the leading lifestyle blog, A House in the Hills, just received one gorgeous, modern bohemian, guest bedroom makeover. A brilliant photographer, keen interior designer, and talented chef, this fashion maven's new space definitly reflects her trendy eclectic style. From completely blank slate, to warm, welcoming, organic serenity, we couldn't be more excited to reveal this luxurious transformation!
Turning to Decorist for her makeover, Sarah chose Elite Designer Jennifer Stewart to bring life to her entirely empty space. Sarah expressed a desire for something warm, inviting, relaxing, and relayed her preference for solids over patterns, and love of natural materials like leather, linen, and warm wood. With this, Jennifer set out to generate two design concepts that incorporate these wishes into a room reflective of Sarah's style.
And here are the results! Two stunning design concepts with modern, bohemian, and mid-century influences. Jennifer's first concept emphasizes texture with natural materials, pops of contrasting blue, and sharp gold accents. The second concept sticks to a more neutral palette with soft pink accents for a feminine vibe. Both light and airy, Sarah ultimately decided on the rosy warmth of number 2!
Lovely, right? The airy serenity of this bohemian modern guest bedroom has us seriously obsessed. For starters, how stunning is that gold and cream woven wall hanging... It's fleece texture so tastefully contrasts the modern sophistication of the frosted glass bubble chandelier. We also love Jennifer's tasteful mixing of woods. The clean lines of those mid-century Penelope Night Stands emphasize the raw finnish of the Emerson Bench, for such intriguing variance. And the flush of pinks in the vintage moroccan wool rug and Kilim/Ashti throw pillows, maintains that cozy feel throughout. So attractive, so eclectic, we're very happy to have given Sarah the guest bedroom of her dreams.
Yearning for a space like this to call your own? Try a Decorist makeover! And watch your imaginings come to life as an affordable, stylish, and brand new look for an existing space.
And if you want to read more about Sarah Yates makeover, pop over to A House in the Hills!


Crux Ecoaventura is an adventure tourism outfitter, with more than 16 years of experience. Offering a differentiated leisure option, all activities are linked to the nature, interacting sustainably with the environment. Our tours have daily availability and they are private and exclusive, so you have the total control of your tour. It means you can change the schedule, pick up time and so. The guides are bilingual, and they are ready to serve customers the best way possible. For large groups we do have special prices. For those who need a shuttle or private driver, we offer a differentiated high quality service. We also develop Team Building to improve your team performance in company. Our crew organize corporate events with recreational and sports activities. One of our features is always work according to the customers needs. Crux Ecoaventura runs a Social Work called Vidigal Mountain Center, to include poor youngsters into Mountain Sports for free. They also learn how to preserve nature inside the favela they live, which are Vidigal and Chácara do Céu. Our company is recommended by the best travel guides in the world, including Lonely Planet, Rough Guides, Trip Advisor, Rio Official Guide and others. Always on the media, Crux Ecoaventura is present in Go Outside Brasil magazine and other brazilian sports channels, like Canal Off and SporTv. And to cover all ages, we have specials tours for kids, so the family can enjoy together a day outside with your kids, stress free. We have some characters to amuse the kids, they are called Cruxinhos.
Bellow goes a few option on different activities in the city of Rio, including special pricing for the GIN Conference.
ALL TOURS INCLUDE FULL GEAR, TICKETS, INSURANCE WAIVER, TRANSPORTATION AND BILINGUAL TOUR GUIDE.
To learn more about this experience and pricing rates, please click HERE.


Selection sort is one of the simplest sorting algorithms. It is similar to the hand picking where we take the smallest element and put it in the first position and the second smallest at the second position and so on. It is also similar. We first check for smallest element in the array and swap it with the first element of the array. Again, we check for the smallest number in a subarray excluding the first element of the array as it is where it should be (at the first position) and put it in the second position of the array. We continue repeating this process until the array gets sorted.
The code is just an implementation of the above explanation. We are finding the smallest number in the subarray after 'i' by using the 'for' loop and then swapping it with the first element of the subarray.


Milk. Not the most exciting of products, it has to be admitted. Pour it over your cornflakes, add it to your tea. So how to get consumers excited about milk and build emotional engagement and brand loyalty?
Today Cravendale is the number one milk brand, with sales accounting for 3.7 per cent of all milk bought in the UK and growing at 33 per cent year-on-year.
An advert for Cravendale Milk featuring a 'Toe Tapping' pirate, cyclist and cow has been named the public's favourite of the week in the UTalkMarketing.com People's Choice. The ad sees the troublesome trio swept up in the euphoria of a rock'n'roll track with the pirate rubbing his wooden leg so hard against a table leg, that it combusts into flames, burning their home to the ground.
Wieden + Kennedy's new work closes with the strapline, "As good hot as it is cold." The advert came tops in the UTalkMarketing People's Choice – a weekly poll, held in collaboration with OMD Snapshots where they ask 1,000 members of the public to vote for their favourite advert currently in the marketplace.
'My Baby Is A Hot Rod' is a song from the Prison Band's latest CD '…and the law won!' that will appear on the TV advert campaign for Cravendale Milk on the UK television for 18 months, starting August, 8th 2009.
The TV advert was first shown on April, 14th 2009 on the UK "LIVING CHANNEL" during the criminal series "CSI".
To play the ad in full click the picture below.


- When the bitcoin software establishes a connection with a peer (client TCP socket) have the client send the handshake string. Right now you have the server (server TCP socket) send the handshake. My reasons for this are anonymity of course. It is far too easy for ISPs to portscan clients and detect they are running this program.
That's a good idea. The side accepting the connection just needs to withhold from sending anything until it receives a valid handshake. Any portscan would only get a dead connection that doesn't volunteer to identify itself.
- Use some sort of encryption during the handshake (sort of goes with the statement/request above) to obfuscate what the software is during DPI (deep packet inspection). I am really thinking about people in non-free (as in freedom) countries such as China/Iran.
I have thought about eventually SSLing all the connections. I assume anything short of SSL would be pointless against DPI. Maybe a better more immediate solution is to connect through TOR, which will be possible with 0.2.
- Some sort of an API is needed so that this system can be integrated with websites to provide instant-on services. A simple https receipt mechanism would do wonders. Have the client post each incoming payment to an https url with all of the relevant information and provide status updates. Also an outbound payment mechanism would be nice. So one could automate payments (and batch payments) outbound. Status could be returned via the https receipt interface.
That's one of the main things on the agenda after 0.2.
- Static port/Random port. Have a setting to randomly assign the port that it runs on. (also be able to set it statically for very restrictive firewalls).
Yeah, the other stealth stuff would be kinda pointless if it's always the same port number.
- UPnP support. Have the client automatically create the port forward on upstream routers. Enabled by default. Can be turned off in the options menu.
I'm looking forward to trying UPnP. Do most P2P clients typically have UPnP enabled by default?
- Ability to compile a headless (console only) install for *NIX systems. Also have the ability to just run as a network service. Perhaps with a telnet-able port for control (or even a unix socket would be ok).
I'm still thinking about how best to structure the management interface. Maybe command line commands to communicate with the background daemon to query transactions received and initiate sending transfers. That would be more automation friendly. Or what about an http interface on some port other than 80 to manage it with a browser?


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haven Montessori
Our preschool is currently full for the 2022/23 School Year. If you are not yet on our waiting list, the first step is to join our interest list by clicking here and completing the online form. Then, you will be informed of upcoming Open House dates, and invited to join us. Our next open house will be held on February 7, 2023. Those who have joined the interest list will receive an email in January 2023 with details about the Open House.
We do not schedule private tours unless an appropriate opening becomes available. Attendance at an open house is a required next step.
Tuition & fee schedule
Charter Enrollment
CHARTER SCHOOL (K-6th Grade) ENROLLMENT:
2023/24 Enrollment: Our next open house will be held on February 7, 2023. Information about enrollment for the next school year will be published in early January 2023.
Kindergarten: Students entering our Kindergarten class are admitted via a blind, online lottery. Enrollment preference is only given where the law allows (ie, siblings of currently enrolled Charter students). Enrollment in the private preschool does not give children preference for Kindergarten enrollment. Our Kindergarten is currently currently full for the 2022/23 School Year. The Intent to Enroll Form for K-6 enrollment for the 2022/23 school year can be accessed here. By filling out this form, your child will be entered in a lottery for any seats that become available.
Elementary: We do have a few openings for the 2022/23 school year in grades 1st-6th. The Intent to Enroll Form for K-6 enrollment for the 2022/23 school year can be accessed here. By filling out this form, your child will be entered in a lottery for any seats that become available.
The registration process for the charter school operates according to the contract between the state and the charter school, according to A.R.S. paragraph 15-184 (A). Enrollment preference is only given where the law allows (ie, siblings of currently enrolled Charter students). Enrollment in the private preschool does not give children preference for Kindergarten enrollment.
2022/23 Charter School Enrollment
We have completed our Kindergarten through 6th grade lottery for the 2022/23 school year. Our Kindergarten is currently full, however we do have openings in first through sixth grade. Please fill out this online form if you are interested in your child joining us for the current school year and we will contact you right away with more information
Enrollment preference is only given where the law allows (ie, siblings of currently enrolled Charter students). Enrollment in the private preschool does not give children preference for Kindergarten enrollment. Haven Montessori Charter School does not discriminate on the basis of disability in its admission and treatment of students.
Kindergarten:
Students entering our Kindergarten class are admitted via a blind, online lottery. Enrollment preference is only given where the law allows (ie, siblings of currently enrolled Charter students). Enrollment in the private preschool does not give children preference for Kindergarten enrollment. We have completed our Kindergarten lottery for the 2022/23 School Year, and it is currently full.
Elementary: Students new to Haven entering 1st through 6th grade are admitted via a blind, online lottery. Enrollment preference is only given where the law allows.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Tag Archives: CNN
Independent Media, Media Wars, Notable Occurrence, Positive News
TUNING OUT FAKE NEWS: CNN's Ratings Plummet To An Abysmal New Low
15 Jan 2022 Ryan DeLarme	2 Comments
Jon Dougherty
CNN, which rose to prominence during the 1991 Gulf War as the first and, at the time, only 24-7 cable news channel, has collapsed to a shell of itself in terms of viewers three decades later.
Though the network has been shedding viewers since former President Donald Trump left office, new ratings show that CNN is barely making an impact, averaging just "548,000 viewers during the week of January 3, a steep 80 percent decline from the 2.7 million it averaged over the same period in 2021," National Review reported.
"Some of that decline can be attributed to the drama of January 6 last year, which helped the cable news network attract more viewers than on any other day in its history. This year, CNN used the anniversary of the Capitol riot to try to replicate that success, hosting a show live from the Capitol grounds," the outlet continued.
By comparison, Fox News finished ahead in the prime time categories, again, and even MSNBC outpaced CNN during the same period.
Fox averaged around 1.4 million viewers while MSNBC registered roughly 746,000 viewers over the period.
CNN is also far behind in terms of attracting the highly sought-after 25-54 year old demographic, drawing just 113,000 compared to Fox's 223,000 and MSNBC's even more dismal 88,000.
"Over the last year, the talent at CNN has endured a number of scandals. Chris Cuomo, one of the network's most promoted and well-known anchors, was let go in December after a year of controversy marred by allegations of sexual misconduct against himself and his role in advising his brother — former New York governor Andrew Cuomo — when he faced similar allegations," National Review reported.
Last month, top podcaster Joe Rogan went off on CNN, calling the network's ratings "dogs**t" and blasting hosts as "f**kin' propagandists."
After detailing the allegations against now-fired CNN host Chris Cuomo, who was not forthright with the amount of assistance he provided his embattled brother, former New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo (D), who resigned amid sexual harassment claims, Rogan blasted the network for having "highly polarizing editorial personalities like [Brian] Stelter and Don Lemon."
Rogan then claimed that CNN is "realizing that their ratings are dogs**t."
"I personally, maybe this is just my bias, I want the news. I want objective news," he said.
"I want someone to tell me what are the facts of what's going on? And what's happening? I don't want your ideological slant. I don't want this left-wing propaganda network, which is what CNN has become," he added.
"The way I look at CNN now is so different than the way I looked at CNN 15-20 years ago. I used to look at them as like, this is how I get the news. This is unbiased, professional news," he noted further.
"They're going to tell me what's happening in Pakistan and what's happening in, you know, Mogadishu. These are the real journalists that are telling you the news," Rogan added.
"Now, I look at them, I'm like, you f***in propagandists, like, what are you, the right arm of Pfizer? Like what are you doing? You know? It's just a, I think there's a market for real news. And it's really hard to find that now. It's really hard, especially outside of independent sources," he added.
The previous month, reports noted that CNN was considering major talent shake-ups as ratings continued to tank.
Zero Hedge noted:
…Discovery chief David Zaslav – who is widely expected to assume stewardship of CNN after its merger with WarnerMedia is complete – has kept his public comments on the failing news network close [to] the vest. When asked by Deadline what he thinks will happen with honcho Jeff Zucker, Zaslav said "Jeff's a good friend and I like him a lot."
But according to Jon Nicosia – former Mediaite and IJR managing editor (and former breaking news editor at the DC Examiner) – CNN is going to revert to a 100% news channel, and a "good number" of CNN's "talent/staff" will be fired as part of a major shakeup.
CNNmsmRatings
Crimes Against Children, Independent Media, Investigative Journalism, law
CNN Producer Hit With New Lawsuit Over Alleged Sex Trafficking of 9-Year-Old 'Jane Doe'
Jack Davis, The Western Journal
A $15 million civil lawsuit has been filed against former CNN producer John Griffin, who is already facing federal charges of child trafficking.
"For several years prior to 2020, the defendant solicited young girls, including the minor plaintiff, for the purpose of knowingly persuading, inducing, enticing and coercing them to engage in sexual activity, sexual exploitation, and/or sexual trafficking," the lawsuit, filed last week in Bridgeport, Connecticut, alleges, according to Fox News, which posted a copy of the lawsuit online as well as a claim to restrain Griffin's assets for up to $15 million.
Griffin, who formerly produced Chris Cuomo's show on CNN, faces one charge of child trafficking along with two counts of attempted trafficking.
The lawsuit's goal is to ensure no matter what happens to the criminal charges, Griffin has to pay, according to the lawyer who filed the suit.
"We are seeking to restrain his assets so he doesn't have the financial wherewithal to abuse another child," attorney Joel Faxon said, according to Connecticut Insider.
Faxon said the lawsuit involves the same 9-year-old child who was mentioned in the indictments against Griffin.
That child, who was a resident of Nevada, was allegedly brought to Vermont by her adopted mother and participated in sexual activities that later resulted in the indictment against Griffin.
Longtime #CNN producer John Griffin, who was fired in December over child #Trafficking allegations, was hit with a $15 million lawsuit filed on behalf of a 9-year-old. https://t.co/YUm8LlnOq3
— The Epoch Times (@EpochTimes) January 11, 2022
The lawsuit claims the child suffered emotional and other damage as a result of her interaction with Griffin.
The adopted mother faces charges in Nevada, leading the child to be sent to live with a custodian in Connecticut.
Griffin is accused of inviting multiple women to Vermont to participate in the "sexual training" of their children.
The lawsuit says Griffin is alleged to have told those he tried to recruit that they could help him see that a "minor child" was "trained properly."
The suit said Griffin is also alleged to have said that "when handled properly, a woman is a woman regardless of her age."
The evidence against Griffin in the federal indictment against him includes drone video of a "completely naked 9-year-old girl" shown with Griffin, according to court filings.
"When confronted with this video during an interview by FBI agents, Griffin's first response was merely to suggest he was not looking at the naked girl, despite that she was standing so close to him to be touching," according to a memo issued to support detaining Griffin.
Griffin is currently being held in Vermont without bail.
CNN fired Griffin in December after the charges against him were made public.
CNNpedophilia
Independent Media, Investigative Journalism, Media Corruption, Notable Occurrence, Thought Manipulation, Uncategorized
CNN Anchor Don Lemon On The Hot Seat After Jussie Smollett Accusations
10 Dec 2021 Ryan DeLarme	Leave a comment
Carmine Sabia
CNN primetime host Don Lemon may be the next high-profile personality the network has to fire after the departure of fellow primetime host Chris Cuomo.
People have been calling for his firing after actor Jussie Smollett, who was convicted on five felony counts for making a false police report on Thursday, testified on Monday that Lemon sent him messages tipping him off to the fact that police did not believe his hate crime attack story, The Daily Wire reported.
In testimony, Smollett partly clarified why he did not initially give over his phone by stating that "he declined to give his phone to CPD in part because earlier he'd gotten a text from Don Lemon 'saying he'd gotten a text from CPD saying they don't believe me,'" according to Chicago Tribune Reporter Megan Crepeau.
Crepeau noted that Smollett said he also had a private photo on the device as well as contact information for "my boss, everybody, my mom, my family, my siblings, there are extremely important activists in my phone, extremely important executives and actors and actresses and singers."
It is unclear what the text message from Don Lemon allegedly said.
The next day Smollett called a CPD detective who was handling the case, because "I didn't understand what all of these lies" the CPD spokesman was putting out there, he testifies.
Smollett says police said he'd seen two men in red hats, which he's denying.
— Megan Crepeau (@crepeau) December 6, 2021
In 2019, Lemon said that as a fellow gay black man he texted the actor "every day," reported USA Today:
"Every day I say, 'I know you think I'm annoying' – I can show you a text – 'I know you think I'm annoying you, but I just want to know that you're OK, and if you need somebody you can talk to me, 'cause there's not a lot of us out there,'" he said. "Sometimes he responds; sometimes he doesn't. He responds and says, 'You are not annoying.' "
"I've had fear recently… because of the political environment," the anchor said. "I get death threats… I have security, all of these things that happened. Listen, we've always been divided ideologically, but there's something different going on now."
Now many have been calling for Lemon to get fired.
After Jussie Smollett's testimony that Don Lemon tipped him off to the Chicago PD not believing his story… he should be the next to get tanked from CNN…
— Tim Young (@TimRunsHisMouth) December 7, 2021
"After Jussie Smollett's testimony that Don Lemon tipped him off to the Chicago PD not believing his story… he should be the next to get tanked from CNN…" Tim Young said.
If Don Lemon tipped off Jussie Smollett about police investigating the hate crime hoax, CNN should fire him immediately!
— Nick Adams (@NickAdamsinUSA) December 7, 2021
More activism by an "anchor" at CNN. The network needs to now address this publicly as well. These texts from Lemon to Smollett came during an active high-profile investigation. CNN mum thus far. https://t.co/2sWSMeM5bD
— Joe Concha (@JoeConchaTV) December 7, 2021
Today we found out Don Lemon was helping Jussie obstruct justice https://t.co/DX7QkltOMP
— Jack Posobiec 🍊 (@JackPosobiec) December 7, 2021
Smollett had been accused of hiring two Nigerian men to wrap a noose around his neck and pour bleach on his face. The actor then filed a false police report, where he claimed that he was attacked by two Trump supporters in MAGA hats who called him racist and homophobic names.
Smollett was charged with six counts of disorderly conduct after police said he made false reports about being the victim of a hate crime. He faces up to three years in prison.
They asked Judge James Linn for a copy of a calendar prosecutors displayed at trial that indicated relevant dates, including that of the alleged attack and of what two brothers testified was a "dry run" for the Jan. 29, 2019, assault.
In closing arguments earlier Wednesday, a prosecutor told jurors there is "overwhelming evidence" that Smollett staged the attack, then lied to police about it for publicity.
CNNDon LemonJussie Smollett
Commentary, Media Corruption, Notable Occurrence
Jeff Zucker Failed To Address Serial Sexual Misconduct At CNN And Should Be Fired Immediately
8 Dec 2021 Ryan DeLarme	Leave a comment
In a move more typically associated with shady politicians than a news network supposedly committed to transparency, CNN had a whopper of a news dump on Saturday night, announcing it was firing primetime news anchor Chris Cuomo.
This followed a weeklong suspension after government documents proved his involvement in covering up the sexual misconduct of his brother, disgraced former Gov. Andrew Cuomo, was much more extensive than previously known. The emails and text exchanges released by the New York attorney general's office showed Chris Cuomo not only assisted with the public relations strategy to help his brother evade accountability, but used his relationships in the media at outlets like MSNBC and Politico – that he had gained from his job at CNN – to help him do it.
Even more shocking, it was revealed that Chris Cuomo asked for their help in digging up dirt on one survivor of his brother's sexual abuse. Also, since Chris Cuomo's firing, at least one woman has come forward accusing Chris Cuomo himself of sexual harassment.
This series of scandals violates every journalistic principle of objectivity and ethics, sure, but the real scandal is much larger. Why did it take the release of this most recent round of documents for corporate media to finally call out Chris Cuomo's despicable behavior, when we already knew more than enough?
Worse, why did it take nearly six months for Chris Cuomo's employer, CNN President Jeff Zucker, to suspend his network's star anchor? As I wrote in August, journalists should have been leading the campaign to hold Chris Cuomo accountable and CNN should have fired him immediately after his initial involvement in the coverup of sexual abuse came to light.
Unfortunately, we know exactly why "media critics" like CNN's Brian Stelter failed (or rather refused) to seriously investigate their colleague or comment on his misdeeds, even when they already knew of serious misconduct, and instead even chose to defend Chris Cuomo. These people, and most in their profession, could be more accurately described as lazy, partisan, and unserious rather than journalists. They are much more interested in vapid, click-bait hit jobs on Trump and Republicans than they are in holding their industry, and Democrats – which are increasingly synonymous – accountable.
But while we can't expect overnight transformation from a broken profession with a financial incentive to avoid self-criticism, we can expect CNN's employees, executives, and shareholders with a financial interest in their company's success to question why, under the leadership of Zucker, CNN has allowed a culture of tolerating sexual misconduct to fester. Chris Cuomo was allowed to remain on payroll and on-air for the last six months, but he's not the only one.
Last year, Jeffrey Toobin, CNN's chief legal analyst, was suspended by The New Yorker for masturbating while on a Zoom call with colleagues. When Zucker found out about this grotesque display, CNN did not even suspend Toobin, but instead allowed him to take a requested leave of absence. Zucker then welcomed Toobin back to CNN just a few months later.
Even more problematic, another CNN prime time news anchor, Don Lemon, currently stands accused of sexually assaulting a younger man at a Hamptons bar a few years ago. The man alleges Lemon "put his hand down the front of his own shorts, and vigorously rubbed his genitalia, removed his hand" and then shoved his fingers in the alleged victim's face and aggressively asked if he "like[d] p***y or d**ck." In the aftermath of the Cuomo fallout, Lemon's alleged victim described CNN as "a predator protecting machine…rife with predators and perverts."
Since its inception, CNN embraced the most extreme fringe of the radical Me Too mob movement, elevating clowns like future felon Michael Avenatti, yet the same network has a serial sexual misconduct problem of its own. While Zucker is already expected to retire soon, CNN should not allow him to go out on his own terms. The hit to the network's already damaged reputation and the potential legal vulnerabilities for CNN should be more than enough reason to fire Zucker immediately.
It seems the list of top CNN talent implicated in sexual misconduct or defending it is growing by the day. Chris Cuomo, Don Lemon, Jeffrey Toobin, and Brian Stelter weren't the first and surely won't be the last. Zucker must answer for why he has forced his employees, male and female, to work at a network with top brass that apparently tolerates and defends sexual misconduct. That is a significant moral, ethical, legal, and financial liability — and Zucker must be held accountable. CNN must fire Jeff Zucker.
Mike Davis is the founder and president of both the Article III Project (A3P), which defends constitutionalist judges, and Unsilenced Majority, an organization dedicated to opposing cancel culture and fighting back against the woke mob and their enablers. As the former chief counsel for nominations to Senate Judiciary Chairman Chuck Grassley, he served as the staff leader for Justice Kavanaugh's confirmation.
Chris CuomoCNNMark Zucker
Media Corruption, Notable Occurrence, Thought Manipulation
CNN Reviewing Documents Showing Chris Cuomo Was Untruthful To Viewers
30 Nov 2021 Ryan DeLarme
Authored by Zachary Stieber via The Epoch Times,
CNN is reviewing material released Monday that showed host Chris Cuomo was not truthful to viewers when he told them in August that he did not speak to fellow media members about the scandal that engulfed his brother Andrew Cuomo.
"The thousands of pages of additional transcripts and exhibits that were released today by the NY Attorney General deserve a thorough review and consideration," CNN said in a statement.
"We will be having conversations and seeking additional clarity about their significance as they relate to CNN over the next several days," the news outlet added.
Speaking on his show earlier this year, Chris Cuomo claimed that he "never made calls to the press about my brother's situation."
But the newly released material showed Chris Cuomo tapped sources, including some inside rival outlets, to try to ascertain if more women were coming forward to accuse his brother of sexual misconduct.
In one case, Chris Cuomo was tasked by Melissa DeRosa, at the time a top aide to Andrew Cuomo, with gathering "intel" about a looming story by New Yorker reporter Ronan Farrow.
Chris Cuomo was successful, telling DeRosa in a text message on March 15 that Farrow's story "not ready for tomorrow."
In another message, Chris Cuomo appeared to signal that he spoke directly with Farrow.
He also checked into rumored stories by other outlets, including Politico.
Other texts showed the CNN host drafted entire statements he hoped the New York gubernatorial office would release and attribute to Andrew Cuomo, who was governor at the time.
Chris Cuomo has not responded to requests for comment.
He told investigators during a deposition that he did not try to affect any reports.
"If I had tried to influence any of the reporting at CNN or anywhere else, I guarantee you, you people would know, and so would a lot of others," he said.
"So the idea of one reporter calling another to find out about what's coming down the pipe is completely business-as-usual."
Experts have told The Epoch Times that Chris Cuomo's behavior violates journalism standards and questioned CNN's lack of transparency regarding the situation.
It is unethical for a journalist to use their position, contacts, and influence to help a family member or friend involved in an investigation by law enforcement," Rebecca Aguilar, president of the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ), said in an email.
"The SPJ Code of Ethics clarifies the rules: Avoid conflicts of interest, real or perceived, minimize harm and be accountable and transparent," she added.
Chris CuomoCNN
Commentary, Independent Media, Independent Research, Media Corruption, Notable Occurrence, politics, Thought Manipulation, Uncategorized
Better Late Than Never! CNN Talking Head: "How Is It That Bill Clinton Hasn't Been Cancelled?"
1 Sep 2020 Ryan DeLarme	Leave a comment
Steve Watson,
A moment of clarity broke through the veil of bullshit on CNN programming this week when a talking head interrupted vomit-inducing praise for Bill Clinton by asking how on earth one of the biggest 'violators' of leftist 'rules' hasn't been cancelled.
The panel of brown-nosing CNN heads gushed about how much they were looking forward to hearing Clinton speaking at the second night of the DNC.
Van Jones called Clinton "The big dog", adding "no matter what you say, Bill Clinton always brings it home."
"Bill Clinton knows how to move the whole crowd," Jones proclaimed, bizarrely adding that Clinton has a "kind of working class hero upbringing."
"Bill Clinton is going to be bringing it on the economy," former Democratic Michigan Governor Jennifer Granholm greasily added, as Jones encouraged her to "preach."
And that is when the veil lifted momentarily as Scott Jennings interjected to declare "I have to say, I am dumbfounded by this."
"How is it that Bill Clinton has not been cancelled by the Democratic — how has he survived all of these waves of cancellation, when he's been one of the biggest violators of these rules all these years?" Jennings added, clearly referring to Clinton's documented sexual deviancy.
Editors Note: It appears the actual live footage has been scrubbed from youtube, but you can watch via mrctv link bellow
https://www.mrctv.org/videos/cnns-scott-jennings-why-hasnt-bill-clinton-been-canceled
"We talked about the use of character to try to say Donald Trump is a man of low character, Joe Biden is … He's fair game on that," Jennings added.
"That's totally fine. So you're going to say that in one breath and then say, 'Character matters. Ladies and gentlemen, Bill Clinton.' Does this make sense to anyone? If you want Republicans to vote for Joe Biden, having Bill Clinton talk about character —" Jennings asserted, noting the irony.
Granholm attempted to argue that Clinton had been held to account for his indiscretions "decades ago," however, the unshakable allegations continue.
Just his week, never before seen photos emerged of Clinton receiving a massage from Jeffrey Epstein 'sex slave' Chauntae Davies, who was just 22 at the time, adding to the already bursting portfolio of questionable connections Clinton shared with the billionaire pedophile.
EXCLUSIVE: 'Would you mind giving it a crack?' Clinton leans back and smiles while receiving neck massage from Epstein victim https://t.co/wtWwgLa2CX
— Daily Mail US (@DailyMail) August 18, 2020
Bill ClintonClintonCNNDNCEpstein


Remember him? Reaganomics? Wealth will trickle down to everyone.
Well, wealth didn't trickle down. It trickled into yachts and megamansions.
And we all know what really trickles down, don't we?
Has any wealth trickled down to you lately?


text:
Dolma is a family of stuffed vegetable dishes.

Dolma may also refer to:

People
 Alan Dawa Dolma (born 1987), Chinese pop singer of Tibetan ethnicity, active in China and Japan
 Ani Choying Dolma (born 1971), Nepalese Buddhist nun
 Dicky Dolma (born 1974), Indian mountaineer
 Dolma Gyari (born 1964), Tibetan politician in exile
 Dolma Kyab (born 1976), Tibetan writer and teacher
 Dolma Yangchen, president of the Tibetan Women's Association
 Jamyang Dolma (born 1984), Chinese pop singer of Tibetan ethnicity
 Lhaki Dolma (), Bhutanese actress and politician
 Lobsang Dolma Khangkar (1934–1989), practitioner of traditional Tibetan medicine
 Shelok Dolma (born 1987), Chinese wrestler of Tibetan ethnicity
 Sonam Dolma Brauen (born 1953), Tibetan-Swiss painter
 Tsering Dolma (1919–1964), older sister of the 14th Dalai Lama
 Tseten Dolma (born 1937), Chinese soprano of Tibetan ethnicity

Other uses
 Dolma (film), a 2012 Tibetan film

See also


text:
The Chordettes Lollipop
Earth Angel by The Penguins
Handy Man by Jimmy Jones
Published by Jane Minogue at February 27, 2018
julius dixon
lollipop the chordettes lyrics
ronald and ruby
The song "Lollipop" was written by Julius Dixson (sometimes spelled Dixon) and Beverly Ross in 1958 for the duo Ronald & Ruby (Ronald Gumm and Ross), who recorded it. One story about the song's origins involve Dixson being late for a songwriting session with Ross. He said that had to help his daughter with a lollipop stuck in her hair, and this caused the delay. Ross liked the word "lollipop," so she sat down at the piano and wrote the song. Ronald & Ruby were an interracial pop group, which was unusual at the time. Their version reached #20 on the Billboard Pop Chart. The cover by The Chordettes, the female vocal group from Sheboygan, Wisconsin, known for their close harmony, was very successful. "Lollipop" reached #2 and #3 on the Billboard Pop and R&B charts, respectively. The song also went to #6 on the U.K. Chart. The biggest charting record for The Chordettes was "Mr. Sandman."
Here are the lyrics to "Lollipop" by The Chordettes:
"Lollipop, lollipop
Oh lolli, lolli, lolli, lollipop lollipop
Oh lolli, lolli, lolli, lollipop, lollipop
Oh lolli, lolli, lolli, lollipop
ba boom boom boom
Call my baby lollipop, tell you why
His kiss is sweeter than an apple pie
And when he does his shaky rockin' dance
Man, I haven't got a chance
I call him lollipop, lollipop
Sweeter than candy on a stick
Huckleberry, cherry or lime
If you had a choice he'd be your pick
But lollipop is mine
Crazy way he thrills me, tell you why
Just like a lightning from the sky
He loves to kiss me till I can't see straight
Gee, my lollipop is great
ba boom boom boom …"
For More Golden Oldies Music
The Daily Doo Wop Rec Room has daily featured doo wop, rock and roll, R&B, or rockabilly songs that were hits during the first era of rock and roll (that is, from about 1952 until the British invasion in 1964). After a song is featured, it then goes into the juke box. You are welcome to listen to any of the 40+ selections there. Every weekend, there is a Golden Oldies Juke Box Saturday Night, and the juke box is full of song requests from the 1950s and 1960s.
Please click here for the Daily Doo Wop YouTube channel, to which you can subscribe. Thank you for stopping by The Daily Doo Wop. Hope you enjoyed "Lollipop" by The Chordettes.
Jane Minogue
The Paris Sisters I Love How You Love Me
Golden Oldies Music: "Mr. Sandman" by The Chordettes | Daily Doo Wop says:
[…] Please click here to listen to "Mr. Sandman" as sung by The Chordettes. If you are interested in reading about "Lollipop," another song by The Chordettes, please click here. […]
Daniel Hammer says:
Cool. I remember watching them with my grandmother when they were on tv. Love that 1950s music.
Dion Runaround Sue
Town Without Pity by Gene Pitney
The Fascinators Oh Rose Marie
Clyde McPhatter A Lover's Question
America on the Move
Classic TV Shows 2
Entertainment Biz History
Mid-Century Lit
Mike's Music Interview
Novelty Songs
Retro Recipes
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text:
EXPOSED!
Privacy Cookbook
Tweetstorm
Altcoin Outlook
Real Use case
Germany bans WhatsApp, Facebook and Instagram whilst the EU talks E-Evidence
a year ago by Privacy Advocate • 3 min read
The district court in Munich has ruled that Facebook is using patented technologies that are the property of Blackberry (RIM). Although these are not hugely significant technologically in the application of their apps, it does affect everything Facebook has on the market in Germany.
Millions of Germans use Instagram, WhatsApp and Facebook every day but may soon come to an end. A total of nine patents embedded in the software Facebook is using are owned by the Canadian company Blackberry. Facebook now has two options, remove all apps from the German market or replace the offending software.
The apps are not yet banned but Blackberry could provide a security deposit to the court (this is just in case Facebook appeals and loses in which case the money would be returned and replaced by Facebook). It is not a crazy amount considering how rich Facebook is with the court asking for just 1-1.6 million euros.
However, Facebook have already responded stating that they will release updates with none of the contested software within their Facebook Messenger, WhatsApp and Instagram apps. Facebook added that they will take the case to a higher court as they believe the patents are not violated.
The Munich district court specializes in patent law and explained that four of Facebook's apps were in violation, namely WhatsApp, Facebook, Facebook Messenger and Instagram. In court, lawyers fought over the details of, for instance, sending one's entire chat history via email, claims that some of the patents are actually used by iOS, whether it is Apple that uses the patents and not Facebook, recommending friends within the Facebook app and switching from one application to another.
Blackberry was once the world's biggest mobile phone company but have since been overtaken by the likes of Samsung, Huawei and Apple. This isn't stopping Blackberry, which holds multiple patents from it's glory days, from fighting for what it believes is right. This ruling will not be the last since Blackberry is fighting Facebook worldwide on these and other patent issues, so I am sure we will be hearing more about this in the future. But how long might that be and why the delays.
The application of the law can appear to be tedious slow and some legal cases take longer than others. Take for instance when the German, Spanish or any European Police Force wants to gather evidence from Facebook chats or it's app or from WhatsApp contacts and messages etc. they first need to go to court in Ireland! Why? Well, this is because Facebook is incorporated in Ireland so that it can operate within the EU but it has no datacenter in Germany, This means some cases up to 12 month just for the evidence gathering as Facebook won't give the data upon request, in fact, it seems that selling data to third parties is faster when it comes to Facebook ;)
The European Union wants to change this now and is proposing a device called E-Evidence. This is a new regulation which will make life easier for Law authorities across Europe and will grant lawyers and courts the power to contact Facebook directly without needing to go via the Irish courts. This new power will extend to datacenters in both the USA and Europe. The European Union explained that in around 85% of cases they require evidence from electronic communication, but in 2/3rds of those cases the data is held outside of their jurisdiction.
The E-Evidence ruling goes back to the terror attacks in Brussels on the 22nd March 2016 when two men blew themselves up, one at the main airport and the other the subway system.. More than 30 people died that day and over 300 were injured. Following this the EU began a push to get better access to potential evidence held on electronic communications, emails, messengers and Facebook accounts. However, as there are currently 28 countries in the EU, it took almost 2 years to complete the first draft. And agreement is required from all members before it can pass into law.
There are a raft of issues at stake here.....the law as proposed could be applied to any crime and any suspect, not just for terrorism. This effectively means Facebook could be contacted and forced to comply not matter the size or gravity of the case. Similarly. another key issue is the use of GPS location date through WhatsApp chats, for instance, which could tie a person to a location and make them a suspect without any other corroborating evidence. A little knowledge in the wrong hands can be a dangerous this such as with metadata where innocent people can be profiled by sitting in the same bus as a terrorist or at the same airport as a drug dealer.
There is also the base issue that in some countries some of the items being proposed aren't illegal. Germany, for example, is still against the E-Evidence bill because of it's potential impact on the work of journalists or the actions of activists.
So the question is 'can the 28 countries find common ground when it comes to the E-Evidence draft and should this extend to include the USA
See all Privacy
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Cartesi - Smart contracting on Ethereum, a review
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Musician Xavier Molina works with producer and sound engineer Preston Holm, left, in the recording booth at The Embassy studio in the Material Institute, an arts institute housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The studio gives approved applicants free access to a recording studio and producers to make music.
STAFF PHOTO BY MAX BECHERER
Quentin the Fifth performs during a showcase at the Material Institute in the upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans on Saturday, November 9, 2019.
BY KEITH SPERA | Staff writer
The Embassy recording studio director Aimée Toledano, left, musician Xavier Molina, center, and sound engineer Preston Holm collaborate at the studio inside the Material Institute, an arts institute housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La., on Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The Embassy gives approved applicants free access to a recording studio and producers to make music.
Producer and sound engineer Preston Holm, left, The Embassy recording studio director Aimee Toledano, and musician Xavier Molina listen to music inside the studio at the Material Institute, an arts institute housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The studio gives approved applicants free access to a recording studio and producers to make music.
Angel Walker creates a jacket at the fashion studio of the Material Institute, an arts institute in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
Xavier Molina, left, and his band perform during a showcase at the Material Institute in the upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans on Saturday, November 9, 2019.
Audience members gather under the fronds of willow trees during a showcase at the Material Institute in the upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans on Saturday, November 9, 2019.
Lolly Mariah performs during a showcase at the Material Institute in the upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans on Saturday, November 9, 2019.
The scene during a showcase at the Material Institute in the upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans on Saturday, November 9, 2019.
Jasmine "Odd the Artist" Williams performs during a showcase at the Material Institute in the upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans on Saturday, November 9, 2019.
Jasmine "Odd the Artist" Williams, left, and Embassy studio director Aimée Toledano during a showcase at the Material Institute in the upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans on Saturday, November 9, 2019.
The entrance to the Material Institute on Port Street in the upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans during a showcase on Saturday, November 9, 2019.
Jamal Malachi and El Blaze perform during a showcase at the Material Institute in the upper Ninth Ward of New Orleans on Saturday, November 9, 2019.
Musician Xavier Molina and producer and sound engineer Preston Holm, left, get a drum set ready for recording at The Embassy studio in the Material Institute, an arts institute, in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The studio gives approved applicants free access to a recording studio and producers to make music.
Musician Xavier Molina plays the guitar at The Embassy studio in the Material Institute in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The studio gives approved applicants free access to a recording studio and producers to make music.
Aimee Toledano, the Embassy studio program director, shows a poster she created to attract applicants for the music residency program at the Material Institute, an arts institute on Port Street, in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The studio gives approved applicants free access to a recording studio and producers to make music.
Sound recording equipment at The Embassy studio in the Material Institute, an arts institute, in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The studio gives approved applicants free access to a recording studio and producers to make music.
Producer and sound engineer Preston Holm stands inside The Embassy studio at the Material Institute, an arts institute housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The studio gives approved applicants free access to a recording studio and producers to make music.
Producer and sound engineer Preston Holm sits at the computer as he works with musician Xavier Molina inside The Embassy studio at the Material Institute, an arts institute housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The studio gives approved applicants free access to a recording studio and producers to make music.
Producer and sound engineer Preston Holm walks up the stairs to The Embassy studio at the Material Institute, an arts institute housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
Producer and sound engineer Preston Holm, left, and musician Xavier Molina listen to music inside The Embassy studio at the Material Institute, an arts institute housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The studio gives approved applicants free access to a recording studio and producers to make music.
Hip-hop artist Sess 4-5 and art curator Kirsha Kaechele in 2014, outside the car wash that hosted a temporary recording studio as part of a gun buy-back program in the St. Roch neighborhood of New Orleans.
Photo by Doug MacCash / NOLA.com | The Times-Picayune
A bar and serving table is seen in the communal space of the Material Institute, an arts institute featuring a community garden as well as a fashion and music studio in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
Willow trees grow in the communal space of the Material Institute, an arts institute featuring a community garden as well as a fashion and music studio in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
The bulletin board at the fashion studio of the Material Institute, an arts institute housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
A variety of plants are growing in the green house of the Material Institute, an arts institute housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019.
The Material Institute, an arts institute featuring a community garden and fashion and music studios is housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
A new incarnation of 24 Carrot Gardens, a community garden previously built in the St. Roch neighborhood, is being planted in what was the parking lot of a Boilermakers' union hall along Port Street in New Orleans. The garden will anchor the planned campus of the Material Institute, an arts institute that includes The Embassy recording studio. Photographed on Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
Angel walker creates a jacket at the fashion studio of the Material Institute, which is housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
Clothing forms at the fashion studio of the Material Institute, an arts institute housed in a former industrial building on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
Musician Xavier Molina, left, and producer and sound engineer Preston Holm, at the Material Institute, an arts institute on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019.
Artist, art impresario and cookbook author Kirsha Kaechele with her "Eat the Problem" cookbook, photographed on Sept. 7, 2019 in New Orleans.
STAFF PHOTO BY DOUG MacCASH
Musician Xavier Molina looks at the green house of the Material Institute, an arts institute on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
Musician Xavier Molina and producer and sound engineer Preston Holm, left, look at the green house and agricultural space of the Material Institute on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
Chickens scratch for food in the coop at the Material Institute, an arts institute on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019.
Musician Xavier Molina, left, and producer and sound engineer Preston Holm walk through a hole in the cinder block walls that creates an entry point to the fashion studio at the Material Institute, an arts institute on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019.
An entrance to the Material Institute, an arts institute on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
Holes in the cinder block walls create an entry point to the fashion studio at the Material Institute, an arts institute on Port Street in New Orleans, La. Wednesday, Nov. 20, 2019. The institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art in Tasmania.
Chef Brian Landry, cookbook author Kirsha Kaechele and artist-entrepreneur Alexis Pulitzer, photographed in New Orleans on Sept. 7, 2019.
PHOTO COURTESY ALEXIS PULITZER
Former 9th Ward factory is home to recording studio, fashion school thanks to Australian benefactor
On a cold November night, 200 people gathered under the willow fronds of a former bleach factory's open-air atrium in the Upper 9th Ward to watch a dozen young local rappers and singers showcase on a small stage.
For the past nine months, the performers had come to this place, the Material Institute, to learn and to record their music. This was their graduation ceremony.
One insight they've likely gained: the location of Tasmania.
Thanks to an unlikely New Orleans connection, the Australian island state is the source of the millions of dollars spent to build, staff and equip the Material Institute and its ever-expanding creative curriculum.
Specifically, the institute is funded by the Museum of Old and New Art, or MONA, an enterprise as eccentric as its wealthy founder, David Walsh, a professional gambler and art lover.
In 2014, Walsh married artist and art curator Kirsha Kaechele, who has her own colorful history. After Hurricane Katrina, Kaechele bought five decrepit properties on North Villere Street in the St. Roch neighborhood. During the Prospect.1 international art festival in 2008, she turned them into an elaborate art installation. One structure was outfitted with an enormous bank vault door.
Eventually Kaechele left town and landed in Tasmania. Her St. Roch properties fell further into disrepair. They were seized by the city or torn down, a messy conclusion to the New Orleans chapter of her life.
But thanks to her marriage to Walsh, she's able to underwrite a fresh chapter in New Orleans life — an ambitious, multi-disciplinary arts program in a hardscrabble corner of the city — from the other side of the world.
So far, it encompasses a recording studio called The Embassy and its music residency program, a fashion design school, and a community garden. And after operating quietly for the past three years, the Material Institute is about to ramp up in a more public way.
"I'm so grateful," Kaechele said recently from Tasmania, "for the opportunity to manifest on the scale I always wanted to in New Orleans."
The 12 artists selected for The Embassy's 2019 recording residency — they pay no tuition and maintain all rights to the music they make with Embassy's producers and engineers — are even more grateful. They include rapper Jasmine Williams, whose stage name is Odd the Artist.
Now 19, Williams was a freshman at Dillard University with no idea how to pursue her musical ambitions when she saw a flyer about The Embassy.
"When they chose me, I was really blessed," Williams said. Embassy "is like a family. I developed a family."
The wild-haired Walsh, who has described himself as borderline autistic, made many millions of dollars with a sophisticated algorithm for betting on horse races. He subsequently amassed what is reportedly one of the Southern Hemisphere's most impressive privately held art collections.
To display it, he built the Museum of Old and New Art, which opened in 2011. With an early emphasis on fertility and mortality, a.k.a. sex and death, it is now a major tourist attraction in his native Tasmania.
Kaechele contributed to the museum's development and is heavily involved with it. She married Walsh three years after it opened; their daughter was born in 2015.
The California-born Kaechele had first moved to New Orleans in 2000. She never quite got over the city where she generated art world headlines with her post-Katrina endeavors. In addition to the house-sized installations, her initiative called KK Projects staged such happenings as an elaborate outdoor dinner for 250 on a largely abandoned street that attracted the likes of actress Uma Thurman. She also curated contemporary art displays for the Voodoo Experience in City Park.
After moving to Tasmania in 2010, Kaechele maintained her local ties from afar. In October 2014, she conceived of a conceptual art project dubbed "The Embassy" as a satellite Prospect.3 show. The centerpiece was a gun buy-back program in St. Roch, financed by $100,000 from Walsh/MONA.
How to draw the attention of young gun owners?
"The most obvious option," Kaechele said, "was a recording studio."
So she installed a temporary studio to offer free recording sessions in a car wash at Franklin Avenue and North Villere. Mr. Serv-On, a rapper previously affiliated with No Limit Records, served as the in-house producer. Locals could record themselves for free.
The original idea to melt down guns and turn them into records proved impractical. But the studio itself was so popular that Kaechele decided to keep it going after the gun buy-back was over.
In 2016, MONA's Delaware-registered domestic corporation, MONA New Orleans, bought the abandoned former Boilermakers Local 37 union hall on St. Ferdinand Street in the Upper 9th Ward for $90,000. The plan was to move The Embassy studio there.
Instead, it ended up on the second floor of an industrial cinderblock building across Port Street that belonged to Jaohn Orgon, who also has a history with much-discussed art installations. In 2005, he founded the NOLA Art House, a communal artists' space on Esplanade Avenue. Its most distinctive feature was an elaborate, multistory treehouse. More recently, Orgon hosted underground parties and art events at the Port Street property.
Installing the permanent Embassy studio there was only the start. "From there, it evolved," Kaechele said. "A recording studio is great, but what else can we offer that is interesting to young people and an alternative to a harsh life in New Orleans?"
One answer: a fashion design school. Assemble, a cutting-edge London design firm, was hired to create a space on the first floor of the Port Street building. Holes knocked in the cinderblock walls for windows and doors were left jagged and uneven at the Assemble team's suggestion.
Kaechele cites Black Mountain College, an experimental art school in North Carolina in the 1930s and 40s, as a model for what she is building in New Orleans: "Students determine the subjects, and we build a curriculum around it." Material Institute students will host a fashion show at the facility on Dec. 13.
After MONA New Orleans bought back several of Kaechele's old St. Roch properties near Music and North Villere streets, she established 24 Carrot Gardens, a community organic garden intended to teach neighborhood kids about growing food and eating healthy.
Since moving to Tasmania, Kaechele has expanded the 24 Carrot concept to 15 Tasmanian schools and communities. The original garden in New Orleans has now been shut down and is being reborn, on a grander scale, on what was the old union hall's parking lot on Port Street.
"It started (in St. Roch), then went to Tasmania, and now it's moving to Port Street," Kaechele said. "We're building the mother of all gardens."
The garden is envisioned as the centerpiece of a campus along the 2100 block of Port, tucked between railroad yards and the North Galvez Street overpass. A MONA-owned shotgun house on Almonaster Avenue that backs up to the main building is being renovated as an artists' residence.
Adjacent to the studio is a debris-strewn yard that is home to a well-tended chicken coop. A partially burned house in the yard is slated to eventually become a clay workshop.
"MONA has a New Orleans branch in the form of this experimental art school that is student-directed," Kaechele said. "It's multi-disciplinary, but also inter-disciplinary. It all ties back to the garden."
Three years ago, MONA hired staffers for the inaugural music residency program at The Embassy. They included studio director Aimée Toledano.
Toledano and Kaechele first met before Katrina as romantic rivals, then became fast friends. They served as back-up dancers for Mr. Quintron, the avant-garde Bywater electronic musician/inventor, and as "flag girls" in Quintron's offbeat Ninth Ward Marching Band. (Toledano still marches, though she now refers to herself as a "flag lady.")
Toledano's background is in film editing and photography; her editing credits include the James Booker documentary "Bayou Maharajah." Her artistic instincts come in handy around Embassy. She designed the 17 wall hangings that decorate the studio; each bears the outline of one of New Orleans' 17 wards.
Toledano's duties range from planning to nurturing, as she looks after both Embassy staffers and artists. During the Nov. 9 music showcase, she danced and cheered as enthusiastically as anyone.
The first three Embassy residencies included 12 artists apiece. The 2020 class will be limited to nine, to free up studio time for two new programs: "walk-in" sessions for neighborhood residents on Saturdays, and a Sunday program for formerly incarcerated individuals.
The Port Street yard sits next to an auto body shop; three small houses across the street are the block's only residences. Going forward, Kaechele, Toledano and their team hope to work with an under-served community while not becoming a beachhead for gentrification.
"The thing I'm most concerned about is changing the neighborhood," Kaechele said. "I don't want the project to displace the people it's meant for."
During the Nov. 9 showcase, some neighbors objected to strangers parking in front of their houses. Police showed up, responding to noise complaints.
"I understand it's annoying, but we only do it once a year, and we warned everybody in advance," Toledano said. "I can see it from all sides."
Eleven days after the showcase, Xavier Molina was back at Embassy, holed up in the second-floor studio with staff engineer Preston Holm. As Toledano offered encouragement, Molina fine-tuned recordings that encompass everything from alternative rock to jazz fusion to soul.
Molina, 23, is an Embassy legacy; his mother, a rapper who goes by Mama Fiyah, previously participated. She suggested he apply.
After graduating from Benjamin Franklin High School and the New Orleans Center for Creative Arts, Molina earned a music performance degree from the University of New Orleans. Thus, he arrived at Embassy with considerably more technical ability than many applicants. Proficient on trumpet and drums, he also arranged the three-piece string section on his song "Can We Talk?"
"The community aspect is what I like the most," Molina said of Embassy. "That's what gives people such a great feeling about being here. It feels so comfortable. The people in charge really are about making good projects, and what works for you. They've put a lot of careful thought into this. It's impressive."
Molina is all too aware that his Embassy residency is winding down. "Can I apply again?" he asked Toledano.
"You can be an engineer," she suggested. "We don't want to lose our people."
"You won't lose me," Molina replied.
That kind of commitment is indicative of the community, with artists working together with and inspiring each other, that Kaechele and Toledano hope to build.
"It's taken a while to come to fruition, but that might be good," Toledano said. "It didn't start by being big and then not delivering what we promised. Every year, we've gotten more ambitious. That it's grown slowly has been a benefit. We respond to what we see. It's authentic."
Kaechele's vision for her post-Katrina art installations was more grand than her resources at the time. With the Material Institute, she has the funding, as well as the experience, to see it through. "We all have the benefit of an extra decade," she said.
The plan is for the Material Institute to eventually be more self-sufficient. A new executive director with a background in fundraising will be named soon. Paperwork has been filed to establish the Material Institute as a nonprofit, so that it can solicit funding from philanthropists and corporate sponsors.
"It's MONA's goal to diversify our funding," Toledano said. "We're optimistic that, as people come to know our work, they'll be excited to support us."
Kaechele agreed that "we don't imagine that MONA will be fully funding it forever. But we're happy to be the only funding for the moment."
She keeps tabs on the Material Institute's progress mostly from afar, returning to New Orleans three times a year. During a trip this summer, she hosted a party for another of her endeavors, a $222 "super-deluxe food and art compendium," "Eat the Problem," with recipes that encouraged the consumption of invasive species. But she also spent lots of time around the burgeoning Material Institute campus.
"It was such a pleasure to be there every day, and contribute, and watch it take shape," she said. "I like to be there. Each action informs the next. There's a plan, but a lot of it evolves and then takes shape. That's the fun part of it."
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Tyrell Jacobs (left) and Timothy Jacobs (right) were taken into custody Tuesday night in Philadelphia. The duo were wanted in connection to a murder in West Chester, April 10. Tyrell Jacobs and Timothy "TJ" Jacobs, brothers who were wanted for a homicide in the Star Social Club in West Chester on April 10, were captured last night in Philadelphia.


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Q: Redirected to Default.aspx instead of set error 500 page on exception In the site settings of our DotNetNuke installation, we set the Default Page for "500 Error Page" as you can see below.

After setting this, we were expecting to be redirected when an error occurs. Instead we're still redirected the the "Default.aspx?tabid=..." page.
Why isn't the correct page shown?
What do we need to change for it to work?
(We're using v9.02.00 366, .NET Framework 4.6)

EDIT: Here's how I force the error to occur using a custom module.
public partial class TriggerError500 : PortalModuleBase
{
    protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        if(UserId == -1)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }
    }
}

This module has been placed on a public page to test the error 500 page.

A: The 500 error page will most likely only be used when an exception is completely unhandled. For example, if an exception is handled by a developer, then a friendly message will be shown on the page with part of the exception in the URL. This may account for the URL thing you're seeing. It's the same page as the module in question, but in a different format.
When the exception is not handled, a visitor would ordinarily be shown the infamous "yellow screen of death" (YSOD) with error details. Depending on the settings in the web.config, the level of detail will be generic or detailed. I believe that this is the use case intended for the 500 error page. This is when you should see it.

A: If my memory serves me right, you may want to try this in your web.config:
<customErrors mode="On" defaultRedirect="500" />

A: A setting that will affect error handling at a platform level can be toggled in the security section
Screen Shot here

A: Due to the way that DNN handles the loading of modules, and pages, the code that you are writing does not actually trigger an HTTP 500 error, as the page itself is loaded properly.  The module loading error is captured by the framework and the error is logged to the Admin Logs, but the page itself is rendered.
You typically get an HTTP 500 error when you cannot connect to the database or otherwise, in those cases the DNN will adhere to the rules.
It is possible, that you could set Response.StatusCode = 500; and then end the response and get the desired behavior, but i have NOT tested this.

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