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Home News Rev Esther Ajayi opens up on her husband, to commission N18 billion church
Rev Esther Ajayi opens up on her husband, to commission N18 billion church
by Church Times August 15, 2021
written by Church Times August 15, 2021
The founder of Love of Christ Generation Church, Cherubim and Seraphim (C&S), Reverend Esther Abimbola Ajayi has given an insight into how she met her husband.
She made the revelation while addressing journalists on her church's newly built auditorium located at Water Corporation Drive, off Ligali Ayorinde Street after Landmark Tower, Victoria Island, Lagos.
She said, "My husband was my senior in secondary school. We met in front of the principal on that fateful day and since then our love has been waxing stronger. He is an amazing person. He is the kind of husband you will pray to meet in life. We are not perfect but God has been marvelous to us. He has made me achieve my dream. In fact, I thank God for giving me such an amiable husband. He is simply quintessential."
Ajayi who will be inaugurating the magnificent church auditorium on September 5, said, "Building churches is part of evangelism because there must be a place to gather and worship the creator of the universe, the scriptures reveal in the book of Hebrews Chapter 10:25, "And let us not neglect our meeting together, as some people do, but encourage one another, all the more as you see the Day drawing near. We must meet somewhere to call on His name because faith comes by hearing and by hearing only the word of God."
The building is an architectural masterpiece. It has a capacity for about 7000 people and a gallery of 3000 capacity. Behind the three-story, there is a clinic to cater for emergencies, a swimming pool, and a gym with sporting facilities.
The building which is in front of a beach was put together at an estimated cost of N18billion. The structures occupy about three acres of land which was constructed by CAPPA and D'ALBERTO, a reputable civil engineering company. The electrical works were done by ETCO Group.
Giving an insight into the structures, the reverend mother said, "In this place, we have a gym in the sporting area, we have the printing press room, we have sewing room to empower people into tailoring, we have a clinic in case those who have come here to worship want to deliver a baby or have other health challenges there will be nurses and doctors to attend to them.
We have a swimming pool for people who want to learn how to swim. We have an event center for ceremonies that can accommodate about 3000 people. All our facilities are free for members."
Esther Ajayi: People will come to celebrate God
While appreciating journalists and many who have been supporting her ministry, she said, "it has been glorious especially in this past four years that I came back to Nigeria. I came back in 2017 and you all are amazing people I want to say thank you so much. We are here today to tell the whole world that Love of Christ Generation Church, Cherubim and Seraphim, on the 5th of September shall be opening our church located at Water Corporation Drive, Off Ligali Ayorinde Street, (after Landmark Tower) Victoria Island, Lagos.
She said people from all over the world would come to celebrate the goodness of the Lord and the creator. "I believe as the Lord lives the event is going to be powerful because the creator of the universe is with us. I have always said this if the creator of the universe is with you on a mission the mission becomes so easy.
According to her, the contractors have been working tirelessly on the project which started in 2017, She noted further that since the building project started, no calamity befell anybody connected to the building. "We want to showcase this to the whole world and tell the world that God by Himself in His awesomeness can raise anybody, either female or male, C&S or Pentecostal, because every day He gives glory. to his name."
Quoting Psalm 127 she says, God is the one who built the church.
The Lagos State government has been so supportive. She assured that adequate security has been put in place for the day of the commission.
Her foundation, Esther Ajayi foundation has been working on the road around the church area.
She said, "no government of a country can solve all your problems. The citizens have to solve some of the problems, by ourselves, we mend the roads outside the church, we put it in good condition. But then the Lagos State government has been wonderful. They promised to provide an ambulance beside the clinic aside from the one that will be outside. That gave me a lot of joy. "It shows they are solidly behind us. In terms of security, we are covered, in terms of health we have made provision for that."
Ajayi revealed that the only way the church can help fight insecurity in the country is to pray and preach love to the people, 'the church has been praying, the only weapon we have got is the sword of the spirit. The storm will soon be over. Nothing is permanent except His grace. As we pray we also preach love to people.
"If there is love all these things will be a thing of the past. Those developed countries had one time had challenges like this. No nation is perfect except the one in heaven. I always call Nigeria God's own country. God will intervene and our problems will be over. Let us pronounce positive things concerning Nigeria. We should stop saying this country is finished. If you see where I defend Nigeria you will be amazed. You cannot talk bad things against Nigeria where I am. We need to pray as Body of Christ at one point we will get there. There is time for everything according to the scriptures".
She then dispelled the notion that she does not wear anything apart from white, she said, "some asked if I do wear anything other than white. Yes, of course, I do. I wear other clothes when I am on holiday or doing a secular thing. I am a pastor that loves life. There is something I do when I am doing an exercise it is on social media it is called "fit faith club". I cannot wear my garment to do that."
Ajayi told journalists that those who will be in attendance that day from Nigeria include, The Governor of Lagos State, Mr. Babajide Sanwo-Olu, the former president of Nigeria, Chief Olusegun Obasanjo, The Oni of Ife, Oba Adeyeye Ogunwusi, Ojaja 2,
Also expected are The General Overseer of Redeemed Christian Church of God, Pastor and Mrs. Enoch Adeboye and the founder of Mountain of Fire and Ministries (MFM), Dr. Daniel Olukoya, the National President of Christian Association Nigeria, Supo Ayokunle, the head of Celestial Church of Christ (CCC) Mobiyina Oshoffa, the head of Cherubim and Seraphim Church (C&S), Pa Ajao and a host of important people from across the world.
Badejo, an exceptional man of God-Prof. Osinbajo says Mohammed Fawehinmi was a progressive
Rev Akanji, new Baptist President an active bridge builder-Yemi Osinbajo
Amaechi Cyril August 30, 2022 - 6:29 pm
My Name is Amaechi Cyril. I love and work in ibadan with IHS TOWERS, I'm a driver. Though with a BSc in physics. Please i will like to get in contact with mummy.. iya Adura.
Here is my WhatsApp line 08165964406 or call me


The world is becoming increasingly aware of the harmful effects that come from chemical pesticides and fertilizers, allowing organic products like organic green tea to increase in popularity. Green tea is a widely produced form of tea that is consumed in China and Japan as well as across the rest of the globe. Green tea has been valued in China for its medicinal capabilities as well as its promotion of good health, and organic green tea is even more popular because it is completely natural and organic, and nothing is better or more natural than that.
What sets green tea apart from other types of tea is the fact that it undergoes a minimum amount of oxidation during its processing, preserving the high quality and the natural elements that are associated with the fresh green tea leaves. Green tea leaves are plucked and handmade during the early part of the spring. The bright green leaves which are still quite young are baked or steamed in order to preserve their freshness, and the resulting green tea is quite rich in nutrients and minerals.
Organic green tea is green tea that is free of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, but rather is grown completely naturally. Organic green tea can refresh your body because it offers a high Vitamin B content, which allows you to deal with stress, releasing energy more readily. Organic green tea will also help to restrain the growth of the bad bacteria responsible for causing disease.
Organic forms of green tea are rich in healthy caffeine and Vitamin C. Chinese green teas like this are prized for offering a sweet and herbaceous flavor. They offer a refreshing taste which sets them apart from other kinds of teas. Japanese green teas are also delicious and fragrant, offering an excellent color and wonderful flavor that compliments many meals and drink choices.
Organic green tea is also capable of helping to reduce the risks associated with cancer, especially because this form of tea offers so many excellent antioxidant properties. Antioxidants protect your cells from a natural process known as oxidation. Oxygen may be vital for life, but the process of oxidation produces free radicals which are capable of damaging your cells. Antioxidants are capable of eliminating these harmful free radicals and preventing more from being produced.
Green tea contains polyphenols, which are really powerful and beneficial antioxidants. These antioxidants favor the bacteria that are beneficial within your body, and they kill the bacteria that are harmful to your health.
Organic green tea is the right choice because organic forms of green tea are subject to securitization to make sure that the plants are grown without chemical pesticides or fertilizers or other harmful exposure. These plants, which are grown completely naturally, produce completely natural and healthy tea leaves; and this means that organic forms of tea leaves are the most ideal tea to consume.


With the completion of their domestic title defenses seeming a formality, Barcelona and Juventus can now focus on the Champions League.
For the rest of the quarter-finalists it's a far more challenging period that will stretch their squads while ambitions at home and abroad are juggled.
Different this time is not only the opponent — Tottenham rather than Liverpool — but also the surroundings. City will be Tottenham's second opponents in its new 62,000-capacity stadium in north London on Tuesday, 9 April.
. Read more on Sports by The Quint.RSS & BJP's Nehru-Netaji 'Cosplay': Irony Dies a Thousand DeathsLatest News: UK Court Rejects Vijay Mallya's Extradition Appeal . Read more on Sports by The Quint.


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Volunteer with Children in India
Get involved in education and childhood development projects whilst exploring the vibrant culture of Kerala
Program Code: INKR0267P
Given over 11,000,000 hours of primary education support
Home Programs Volunteer with Children in India
Discover the colourful culture of India when you volunteer alongside local teachers, with children in the southern state of Kerala. Your work will include conducting educational workshops and child development programs, helping to contribute towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals, namely Goal #4 - Quality Education. Explore the stunning landscapes around Kerala, by kayaking or just cruise along the famous backwaters in your free time.
Remote-Working Friendly
Reliable WIFI
Part-Time Options
You will spend some of your time planning and developing sessions and workshops to be run in schools on a range of different topics, then evaluating these sessions after they've been delivered. You will be given all the training and support required to plan and develop these sessions to a high standard, and the education programme coordinator will support you throughout your programme. Volunteer alongside local teachers supporting local primary and secondary school students in the southern state of Kerala, famed for its tropical greenery and beautiful backwaters.
English classes can have several structures and include art and sport activities or even vocational training. Everything is taught in English, aiding spoken English development and all the sessions will have a creative character. During the school holidays and when there are public holidays, we organise extracurricular workshops for students, which generally include craft activities and teamwork and team building activities and some conversational English, and English.
Learning new skills in developing lesson plans, educational programs and teaching the local children of Kerala.
Experiencing a new culture through its people, cuisine and exploring the amazing surrounds and sites.
Supporting local henna artist and immerse yourself in the Indian culture and have your hands painted in traditional mehndi style.
Visit one of the many nature reserves in the area to experience Indian flora and fauna, like endangered Asian elephants.
Location: Asia - India - Kerala
Volunteer with Children Teaching Sports
Regional Director for Nepal and India
Introducing you to Cheryl. Cheryl is the Regional Director of GVI Nepal and India. Her journey with GVI began in 2011. Before this Cheryl had a history of teaching, although she fancied a change, which lead her to volunteer with GVI in Cape Town. After this she became a staff member and subsequently she stayed in Cape Town for the next four years.
Another role came up as Program Manager for Pokara, Nepal, which Cheryl took on before finally getting to where she is now.
Cherly has always possessed a love for travel. She has backpacked across Europe, working as a nanny. Her main highlight however has to be Peru. In fact it was her experience here that inspired her to volunteer in the first place.
Jill Walker
Deputy Director of Programs
Meet GVI's Jill,also known by her rap name, Rainmaker, or her spiritual name, Field Whisperer. Her journey with GVI began back in 2007 as Thailand's Country Director, where she helped set up GVI's first TEFL program!
Now she is based in Chaing Rai, Thailand. Jill's role involves providing support for all of our programs around the world. Working closing with each base, she looks to identify and manage any issues that occur so GVI are able to offer the best programs possible.
Paul Whitehouse
Say hi to Paul, the Program Manager at GVI's Kerala hub in India. Paul is from the UK and came over to India last year. He originally came on a service learning program, however has since become the Program Manager. Paul has a background in experiential education and has previously managed operations of community development programs. They have been in a variety of countries, including: Nepal, Ghana and the UK. Paul's passion lies with engaging with people in service learning activities so that they are able to get the most out of a experience while also giving back to a community. Lastly Paul is a freelance trainer. He enjoys capacity building and working with people from all walks of life. He is really excited to apply everything he has learnt to his time in India.
Jutten George
Meet Jutten. Heis originally from Kerala in India, where he currently works as a Program Coordinator at GVI's hub there.
Jutten has been with GVI since 2010. He started his career as a translator and a Community Liaison. He really enjoys the work that he is involved in, as it helps him to empower and help the people in his community.
GVI Online Community Development course (optional)
In this course, you'll explore the most common pitfalls of community development initiatives so that you can avoid them. You'll also learn how to carry out community development work effectively and ethically and how local context impacts program development. After successfully completing the course, which you have the option of doing prior to your in-country program, you'll receive a certificate from the University of Richmond.
Kochi City Tour
If history interests you be sure to visit Kochi's old city, known as Fort Kochi. Here you will find the Chinese fishing nets, which might have existed since the 14th century, St Francis church, the oldest European church on the Indian subcontinent and once the burial site of Vasco de Gama, the beautiful Santa Cruz Basilica, St. George's Orthodox Christian Syrian Church, and the Paradesi Synagogue, a stronghold for the influential Jewish community of Cochin. You can also choose to simply strong along the beach promenade and by a snack at nearby vendors. There are also plenty of Hindu and Jain temples located nearby if you would like to know more about these traditions.
White Water River Rafting and Kayaking
As a mountainous area abundant in water, white water rafting, kayaking, canoeing, and tubing are popular tourist activities throughout Kerala, and Kochi is no exception. Weekend tours at nearby lake and river spots can be booked in Kochi.
About one hour from central Kochi the waterfall of Areekkal is an ideal weekend spot. Situated in the lush surrounds of a rubber plantation a visit makes for a refreshing afternoon. The much larger Athirappilly waterfall is located two hours from Kochi. It is famed for its scenic beauty and is popular among Bollywood filmmakers. Many wildlife species can also be spotted here. The shallow Vazhachal Falls are located close to Athirappilly. Cheeyappara Falls are also located two hours from Kochi and can be spotted when travelling to Eravikulam National Park via the town of Munnar.
The Sahyadri mountain range, also known as the Western Ghats, stretch along India's western coast and feature a stunning biodiversity, including numerous endangered species. The large area is home to many National Parks. From Kochi, one of the nearest is Eravikulam, which entails a five hour trip. The park is famous as the location of Anamudi, the highest mountain in the Western Ghats mountain range, named for its similarity to an elephant's head. The park is famous as a safe haven for a specific threatened Indian deer species. You can also spot other famous Indian species like leopards, lion-tailed macaques, and Indian wild dogs. The nearby town of Munnar is surrounded by famously verdant tea farms hills. A little further from Kochi, about six hours, is Parambikulam Tiger Reserve. The park is known for its leading edge ecotourism activities and for the protection of indigenous peoples living within its borders. Others parks in the area include Periyar National Park and Anamalai Tiger Reserve. Guided safari tours can usually be booked at the park gate.
Kochi is situated on the Malabar Coast, known for its tropical climate and beaches stretching into the warm Arabian sea. Possibly the most famous beach destination in Kochi is Cherai beach. It features thatch umbrellas, walkways, and dolphins are commonly sighted here. Andhakaranazhi beach is also popular. A three hour trip from Kochi, down the western coast of the Indian subcontinent, will take you to Kollam, home to one of the most famously beautiful beaches in India, Mahatma Gandhi beach. Journey South for another hour and reach the beach resort town of Varkala. The area is famous for its red cliffs adjacent to Papanasam Beach. Many tourists love to stroll the beach promenade and shop at the little street food stalls and boutiques. Many also visit the mineral spring and participate in relaxing yoga and meditation sessions close to the beachfront. Further along the coast, about an hour from Varkala, you can also find Kovalam, a town also known for its picturesque beach overlooked by a classic white and red striped lighthouse. Although not traditionally popular surfing, divining, and snorkeling are gaining popularity.
Luxury Houseboat Tours
The Keralan backwaters are the province's main attraction. They are a series of lagoons, lakes, canals, and other bodies of water along the western coast of Southern India. The area is home to key wetland ecosystems sheltering fragile species such as otters, turtles, and kingfishers. Keralan houseboats are known as kettuvallams, and feature thatched roofs and sometimes walls. They were used to transport grain and other goods, but these days are converted into living areas for tourists. Many have staff on board to assist with cleaning and tidying duties as well as a chef to prepare traditional Keralan food. There are many houseboat tours that leave from and can be booked in Kochi and travel via the lagoons to the popular Keralan backwaters destination of Alappuzha.
Further Travel
There are plenty of destinations to visit throughout India either before or after your volunteer or intern program. There are, of course, the popular UNESCO protected sites of the Taj Mahal, the Red Fort in Delhi, and the Elephanta Caves in Mumbai. You can also visit the city of Amritsar to view the Golden Temple and learn about the Sikh religion or make the trip to Varanasi or Rishikesh, sites of religious significance to the Hindu community. You can also visit the so-called blue city of Jodhpur and the pink city of Jaipur. India has over 150 National Parks and there are many unique habitats to visit and species to spot along the way.
Unique to Kerala:
Thiruvathira: This festival is held either during December or January, depending on the movements of the moon and stars. It celebrates the birth of the god Shiva, in the Hindu tradition. The main customs of the festival are observed by women in the community. It features a specific dance known as thiruvathirakali performed only by women, seen as an embodiment of traditional feminine elegance.
Vishu: This festival is celebrated in April and is seen as New Year celebration in the Hindu tradition. A older family member, typically the mother, create shrines of auspicious items, usually yellow and gold items, to allow them to go into the New Year with good expectations. She lights lambs before the sun rises on the first day of the Hindu New Year and then wakes each family member to ensure that their first sight is one of joy and light.
Onam: This is possibly the most famous Keralan festival which is celebrated during August or September. It is a rice harvesting festival and celebrated with much fanfare including massive parades and boat races. In homes and business, Keralans create flower carpets, large, ornate patterns created using a range of fragrant flowers including marigolds, magnolias, jasmin, and hibiscus.
Other Festivals: Kerala is a multicultural city and the region honours many of the celebrations popular in other locations throughout India. Some of the popular Hindu celebrations include Diwali, Holi, and Navratri. With a high Christian population, Easter and Christmas, are also major festivals. Eid is also popular among the significant islamic population of Kerala. Although there are fewer attendees, significant dates in the Judaic, Buddhist, Jain, and Sikh calendars are also honoured in their communities.
Kathakali Masks and Figurines: Kathakali is a symbol of Kerala and as such many of the souvenirs on offer are representations of this performance style. You can buy colorful masks and little figurines of the dancers in many locations throughout Kerala.
Coconut Crafts: The Kerala area is abundant in coconuts. Therefore it is no surprise that many of the local crafts are based on this major resource. You can purchase numerous homeware items that are both functional and beautifully made from coconut wood and fibres.
Pulpaya Grass Mats: Although popular throughout Indian, pulpaya grass mats are particularly popular in Kerala. Making them is an ancient tradition and they are possibly the original yoga mats. Grab one at the local market for your morning yoga practice.
Keralan Saree: The Keralan saree is a symbol of traditional elegance in India. Many of its unique features are lost on those who are not familiar with this style of dress. However, the traditional colours and pattern, of crisp white with a bold gold border, are universally recognisable. While in the province, be sure to try out the Keralan Saree.
In the West, yoga is most commonly associated with a specific physical exercise of holding certain postures. This is, however, a very particular type of yoga activity known as Hatha yoga, falling within the broader umbrella of yoga as a kind of psychological or spiritual practice. The term 'yoga' is interpreted in various ways by ancient texts. In general it is seen as the integration of the human body, mind, and spirit and alignment with divine will using discipline and thereby attaining enlightenment. Hatha yoga is practiced throughout India and there are plenty of ashrams, Hindu monasteries, and formal teaching organisations, throughout Kerala, where international visitors can learn Hatha yoga, as well as more about the overarching yoga philosophy. Meditation practices and areyuda medicine are also often taught at these facilities.
Mehndi or 'Henna Tattoos'
Mehndi, temporary staining of the hands and feet in lace-like patterns, has been popular in South Asia for many centuries. Ancient Vedic texts refer to the use of the leaves of the henna plant and tumeric to create these designs. While it is most commonly applied during weddings, festivals, and other special events, there are many designers available year round to offer this beautifying service to international visitors.
Kathakali dance is one of the eight classical Indian dance forms. Its name derives from Sanskrit and can be loosely translated as 'story art' or 'folktale performance'. It's designation as a dance form is a bit of a misnomer because it includes not only specific choreography, but unique music, costumes, and acting styles. It is therefore rather a performance style akin to classical opera. Kathakali performances tell stories from Hindu epics, through elaborately dressed and painted male actors, dancers, and singers. More modern Kathakali groups have incorporated women into their performances. The specifics of this artform are detailed and complex ranging from the instruments used to the eye movements of the actors. The Kerala Kathakali Centre is located in Kochi and there will be plenty of opportunities for you to visit one or more of the performances.
Keralan Cuisine
Keralan dishes are typical of South Indian cuisine, featuring lighter, fresher dishes as well as plenty of coconut and seafood. It is also rumoured that southern cooks are more liberal with their use of chillies. A famous Keralan dish is a Sadya, a kind of mini buffet of about two dozen distinct dishes served, with rice, on a plantain leaf. Due to its Hindu heritage many Keralan dishes are vegetarian, and Sadya is no exception. This is however, only popular during celebrations. Everyday Keralan dishes include, dosas, a kind of light crispy pancake filled with vegetable curry, ethakka appam, fried bananas, and, of course, chai, sweet milky tea flavoured with spices. Some ethno-cultural groups like the Jewish and Syrian Christian community have their own specific cuisine. In your free time, feel free to book one of the many Keralan cuisine cooking classes available in the region.
This port town has been a centre of global trade for many centuries, known to European explorers since at least the early medieval ages. Its main trade was in spices and the region's cuisine still reflects this penchant for flavour complexity. Due to it being a merchant hub, the city has known influences from all around the world including China, Middle Eastern territories, Portugal, Holland, and Britain. This has resulted in a very specific 'kochiite' culture. Languages and religions common to the city reflect this diversity. The language of Kerala, Malayalam is popularly spoken, but Hindu, a language more common in North central India is also spoken here. Religious traditions include common practices in the South of India such as Hinduism and Jainism, but specific communities also practice Islam, Judaism, Syrian Orthodox Christianity, and Catholicism. Visitors can learn about these historic influences by visiting the old town, but it should also be noted that Kochi is very much a modern Indian city, and is the economic hub of the Keralan province.
Kerala is one of the Southernmost provinces of Indian, known for its luxury houseboat tours through the region's lush, tropical backwaters where wildlife like the Bengal tiger, leopard, sloth bear, and lion-tailed macaque can be spotted. It's uniquely delectable cuisine, featuring lots of coconut, which grow abundantly in the region, and seafood, common in a coastal region, is also a major attraction. The region was popularised in the Western mind, by author Arundhati Roy, who grew up here, and set her Booker-Prize -winning novel, The God of Small Things, in Kerala.
The great diversity of the Indian subcontinent, and a perceived contrast to many Western norms, keeps international visitors coming back for more. India's unique cultural milieu, featuring over 22 languages, seven major world religions, Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism, Islam, Christianity, and Judaism, 25 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, and distinct cooking traditions, make for a life-changing cultural experience, no matter which location in the region you choose to visit. Tourists also flock to its many breathtaking landscapes, including snow-capped mountain ranges, tropical evergreen forests, mangrove swamps, and grasslands, not only to spot endangered species like the Bengal tiger, the snow leopard, the Indian Rhinoceros, and Asiatic lion, but to experience adrenaline-fueled activities like white water rafting, waterfall rappelling, or paragliding.
Internal transportation - related to project work
Local cooking lessons
Project equipment

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


National Dope Testing Laboratory invites application for the posts of 15 Junior Analyst & Internship Vacancy 2019. Interview is on 02 February 2019. Selection will be based on Interview.
• B.Sc. Medical Laboratory Technology.
•   Application process:  Interested candidates may appear for Interview along with their applications giving full curriculum Vitae with attested copies of relevant documents.
•   Selection process:  Selection will be based on Interview.


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Q: Performance improvement Calculation mumbo jumbo Well the other day I improved the performance of a particualr piece of code from 34sec to 2 sec and I was calcuating the percentage for the same i.e (34-2)/34  i.e 94.11 percentage and when I told this number out in a meeting people were not that amazed.. I am wondering if that was a wrong number that I communicated..
How do you generally measure the improvement and look good at the same time?

A: First off, you have to be very careful how you phrase it.  To say that something is twice as fast is the same as saying it improved by 100% which is the same as saying it is 200% of what it was (whatever that reference is to).  When you say "improved" or "increased" then you have an implicit reference to the original amount + improvement.
Example:
You have $3.  You double your money to $6.  That is a 100% improvement (or a 100% increase) because you have the original $3 + new $3 (which is equal to 100% of the original amount).  But you could also say you have 200% as much as you had before because $3*200% = $3*2 = $6.
Now, as far as speed goes, think of this in terms of the old Algebra equation:
Rate*Time=Distance.  Except for us, "Distance" is more like "Job performed".
So, if a specific job takes 1 second originally and you changed things to make it perform that same job in 0.5 seconds:
Original
R*1sec = 1job
R = 1job/1sec = 1 job/sec
New
  R*0.5sec = 1job
R = 1job/0.5sec = 2 job/sec
Thus, your speed doubled.  You could say the rate increased by 100% or that the rate doubled or that it is 200% as fast as it used to be.
--------------------edit to use OP's numbers------
Original
R*34sec = 1job
R = 1job/34sec = 1/34 job/sec = 0.029 job/sec
New
R*2sec = 1job
R = 1job/2sec = 1/2 job/sec = 0.5 job/sec
So, to compare the rates 0.029 job/sec to 0.5 job/sec
0.5/0.029 = 17
Thus the new code runs 17x faster, or is 1700% as fast, or is increased by 1600%.

A: Speed (or throughput) is proportional to the reciprocal of time. So it's actually a factor of 34/2 = 17x faster (which you can state as a (34-2)/2 = 1600% speed increase if you want to sound impressive).

A: I think I would have said "I increased the speed by better than a  factor of 16" or "I made it an order of magnitude (base 16 of course) faster."  If you want to look good at the same time you probably need to go buy new clothes. (Of course I've hung out with marketing weenies for too long - so I use phrases like "better than" because it sounds like the sky's the limit.)

A: How about "executes in one seventeenth of the time" or plain "requires two seconds compared to thirty-four previously"?

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


"The role of the head of video as a whole is to go where needed and work on service development. I enjoy working on the larger projects with technical challenges that need thought on how things are put together. The equipment we use here at Blitz is cutting edge. We invest in the latest technology to ensure that what we are sending out to our clients is first class. One of the projects I enjoyed working on at Blitz was NYSM2 film shoot, and what I enjoyed about that was the large LED installation that we put in and it was nice to push the boundaries to see what that can do. And just to see the finished product, not only in the flesh but also on the big screen."


When making an offer on a home, we always recommend our clients get a professional home inspector check to it out from top to bottom. This inspection will ensure that the buyer is aware of any unexpected "issues" with the property. After all, you don't want to buy a home only to discover that the roof needs to be replaced, immediately, or the septic system is failing, resulting in thousands of dollars of expenses.


If you've watched the footage of the recent wildfires near Colorado Springs, you may have seen photos or video of people evacuating horses from the fires, and of horses that were tragically burned. In my last guest post I talked about packing your pet's evacuation kit, but it gets much more complicated with a horse or other large animal. You can't just put a horse in your car and take off.
The first consideration is transport. Do you have a trailer? Many horse owners don't. If you have a trailer, keep it maintained so it's ready to go. If you don't have a trailer, start talking to horse-owning neighbors. If your neighbor has a trailer with more stalls than they have horses, they may be willing to load your horse on their trailer. This is a pretty big favor, so arrange the details (including an offer to reimburse for gas money) ahead of time.
Train your horse to trailer quickly and smoothly. In the photos from the Colorado fires, there are shots of people trying to bodily push horses into trailers. Trust me, you're not going to move a 1200-pound horse unless he's willing.
Start today—use gentle training techniques with positive rewards to teach the horse to load. In a disaster situation, you'll be tense and your horse will pick up on your nervousness. You don't want to be fighting a spooked horse when wildfire smoke or hurricane winds are blowing.
If there are no trailering options for your livestock, you'll have to hand-walk them out of the evacuation zone. This is an option for smaller numbers of animals and shorter distances, but will be time-consuming, so start evacuating early.
The next consideration is, where will you go? When my neighborhood was evacuated a few years ago due to wildfire, a local equestrian center about ten miles away was opened as a temporary shelter for horses. Other possibilities are equine veterinary hospitals, fairgrounds, racetracks, or boarding stables. Make a list of facilities and directions ahead of time. Don't wait for officials to designate a shelter location—get the horses loaded first and get on the road.
Wherever you shelter your horse, food will most likely not be provided. Water may or may not be available. A horse or other large animal goes through a lot of food and water in a day. A 72-hour kit for a horse isn't something you can stuff in a backpack.
If you own your own trailer, keep a bale or two of hay stored in the trailer at all times. Grain is more calorie-dense, so easier to transport, but eating too much grain can cause colic or laminitis, so you'll still need to transport hay. If water isn't available at the equine shelter, use buckets or even large industrial garbage cans to hold and transport water. Each horse needs 12-20 gallons of water per day.
If you'll be putting your horse in a facility with other horses, make sure you can positively identify him. Have photos from all angles of the horse, especially showing unique blazes, whorls, etc. Have documentation of permanent identification such as a microchip, tattoo and/or brand. Other means of identification are a name/address tag attached to the halter, a waterproof name/address tag braided into the tail, important papers in a zip-top bag duct-taped to the halter, or even a phone number spray painted on the horse's flank.
Make sure your horse is current on immunizations. Minimally, you'll want Eastern and Western equine encephalitis (EEE and WEE), West Nile Virus, tetanus, and rabies. Your veterinarian may also recommend equine influenza, strangles, equine herpesvirus, or other vaccines depending on your horse's risk factors. Also make sure your horse is current on his Coggin's test, a test for equine infectious anemia. This is required if you have to cross state lines.
Unless you frequently trailer your horse to shows or events, he's probably going to be nervous about the evacuation process. Take leg wraps and bandaging material in case he spooks in the trailer and injures himself. Also take anti-inflammatory medications such as phenylbutazone or flunixin meglumine (Banamine), as recommended by your veterinarian. Other things to pack are extra lead ropes, extra halters (make sure they're leather because nylon can melt), buckets, hoses, tack, and towels to blindfold nervous horses.
If you're evacuating in advance of a hurricane, there are a few other issues to consider. Evacuate early, because trailering horses in winds over 40 mph is unsafe. When you return to your property, check the pasture for downed power lines, broken fencing, or branches of red maple which might have blown in (red maple causes red blood cell destruction and anemia).
Finally, in some cases, you may have such short notice to evacuate that you must leave your livestock behind. In that case, fill every trough, bucket and garbage can with water. Experts recommend leaving the animals out in the pasture rather than in the stable, as long as your pasture is well-fenced and without power lines or many trees. More horses died during Hurricane Andrew from being trapped in collapsed barns than from being injured by debris outdoors. In addition, if there is flooding, horses can seek high ground if they're loose. Hopefully you'll never have to leave your beloved horse behind, but make plans to cover all contingencies.
If I could add that newly wilted cherry leaves will kill large livestock and cherry limbs are often brought down in storms especially in the eastern part of the US.
Years ago we realized that in the event a major disaster the best we could provide for our cattle,sheep and hogs would be as you suggested – fill up the water tanks, put out the hay, open the gates and turn them all loose.
Figured we would deal with the roundup & rodeo when and if we had anything to return to.
Our farm is located within 50 miles of a nuclear power plant. Our animal welfare plans in the event of some type of nuke disaster and fallout is to confine all animals with food & water for up to a week or 10 days until the nuke dust settles and then hose off everything & all critters.
I believe every farm, homestead or small holder needs to consider & plan for the welfare of the animals that we steward in the event of some unforeseen occurrence.
Also, be aware of Japanese Yew. It is an evergreen often used around houses. Just 1 cup of the greens is enough to kill a full grown horse or cow. It causes a massive heart attack. Symptoms include seizures and disorientation, but if they are showing the symptoms it may very well be too late.
Hi, the comments about the wilted cherry and yew are great as well- also remember that walnut trees can founder a horse, and if livestock is left out with oaks dropping acorns (fall), they'll eat the acorns and it can also cause founder and colic.
All of them have some useful information.
Granny Miller and Isabeau, Thanks for the additions. There are so many plants and trees that can be poisonous, that could be a post of its own!
Granny Miller, very nicely put that we need to plan for the welfare of the animals we steward.


In this article I will attempt to correct some common misunderstandings, along with the intentional misrepresentations of my work that appear on various websites, forums, and chatrooms. I believe it was Mark Twain who said that if a man makes no enemies, then he has not lived his life well. In this context, I seem to be doing fine.
The first thing I wish to clear up is my use of the terms Wicca and Witchcraft, and any derivatives of these words. Some people feel that I confuse the terms. To begin, I first encountered the word "Wicca" in the summer of 1969 when I met a young woman who told me that she was a Witch. During this period, and on into the 1980s, just about everyone in the Craft community here in the United States used the term Wiccan and Witch interchangeably. This is how I first came to learn the terms. Later I read about them in the writings of Gerald Gardner, who also equated Wiccan and Witch. It's a foundational habit that stuck with me over the years.
Sometime during the 1980s a change took place in the U.S., and many people began to distinguish between the two terms. The younger generation adopted the word Wicca and applied it to a loose self-styled form of the Craft, while most of the people who were already involved embraced the word Witch. In this way they hoped to distinguish between the new Wicca (introduced by such authors as Scott Cunningham) and the Old Ways as featured in books with more of a foundation in the ways of our European ancestors. By the 1990s the direction of Wicca had thoroughly passed from the hands of the original practitioners and into a new era where it was comprised of people with different views. This was the transformation into what I refer to as Neo-Wicca.
Another problem involves the view of Wicca in the UK as opposed to how it was and is viewed in the United States. British practitioners rightfully feel that Wicca began in the British Isles. Some of them resist accepting Wicca in its American cousin form (if not outright rejecting it). Some modern practitioners believe that Wicca originated with Gerald Gardner, and that nothing similar to it pre-existed in the British Isles, or anywhere else. There are those in the UK who do not believe that Witchcraft ever existed in any form other than as a superstition among peasants and/or a purely literary form. Some people take the position that unless you're writing about Gardnerian Wicca or any of its branches (or native relatives) then you're not writing about Wicca. While this is understandable, it is not a view that is embraced in America.
To me, Wicca is a religion that includes the concept of a balanced male-female deity. The structure of the system incorporates an altar, the four ritual tools (pentacle, wand, athame, chalice), a ritual circle, elemental spirits, guardians of the four directional quarters (north, east, south, and west), a Book of Shadows, and rituals connected to the moon and the seasons of Nature (represented by the eight Sabbats known as the Wheel of the Year). I can see no reason why its practice or its name should be limited by geography.
BABYLONIAN: "I invoke you, gods of the night, with you I invoke the night, the veiled bride, I invoke (the three watches of the night) the evening watch, the midnight watch, and the dawn watch...stand by me, O Gods of the Night! Heed my words, O gods of destinies, Anu, Enlil, Ea, and the great gods! I call to you, Lady of the silence of the night, I call to you, O' Night, bride ..."
ROMAN: "Night and Diana, who command silence when secret mysteries are performed, now aid me; now turn your vengeance and influence against my enemies' houses..."
ROMAN: "Night, trustiest keeper of my secrets, and stars who, together with the moon, follow on from the fires of the daylight, and you Hecate of the three heads, who know all about my designs and come to help the incantations and the craft of the witches, and Earth, who furnish witches with powerful herbs, and Breezes, Winds, Mountains, Rivers, and Lakes, and all the gods of the groves and all the gods of the night, be present to help me. Night-wandering queen, look kindly upon this undertaking."
From where did Horace, Ovid and Lucan draw their views? Certainly not out of thin air, as we have seen in the examples. Could they not be using known historical practices and ritual texts or their era? If so, were these known elements in the practice of Witchcraft at the time?
Although many modern scholars believe that Witchcraft (as a religion) is a modern construction largely credited to Gerald Gardner, it seems all too apparent to me that too many archaic elements exist to have been a modern construction traceable to Gerald Gardner and a small handful of cohorts. It would have required the combined efforts of mythologists, anthropologists, folklorists, historians, and highly trained occultists working together over several decades to create the complex layers and inner‑connections that appear in just the published material on Witchcraft alone, not to mention the restricted initiate material that was available within a ten year span of Gardner's writings. It seems highly unlikely that such collaboration ever took place, and the simplest explanation is that the essential foundation already existed.
Whether true or not, the Greek writings on Witchcraft are the earliest to appear on this subject in any Western materials. The ancient Greek word (translated into the English word witch) is the word pharmakis. Historian Richard Gordon refers to it as the earliest term to become the standard word for witch or wise woman. ( Magic in Europe: Ancient Greece and Rome. University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999, page 251).
Some people use the word Witch to mean a practitioner of magic without any religious connections. They say it is a generic practice and not a religion. Others use it in the academic sense as a person who uses magic with ill intent. Scholars often contrast the Witch against the Cunning Folk, who were viewed as healers, and who reportedly protected people against Witchcraft. My position is that Witchcraft was an ancient religion that contained a magical system. At some point the magical system branched off, and elements of it took root among the rural peasants. Here it evolved into a common folk magic tradition.
I view the Cunning Folk as the folk magic practitioners who participated in an essentially Catholic-rooted magical practice . They did not profess to be Witches nor did they openly claim any pagan heritage. People sought them out to work against the imagined ills purported to be directed by Witches. I personally regard the Cunning Folk in much the same way that I regard American Indians who scouted for the U.S. Army, and contributed to the demise of their own people.
When I look at the literary and historical materials related to Witchcraft, I am struck with the immensity of data. Writings about Witches and Witchcraft in Western literature span from around 800 bce to modern times, and appear between in each consecutive century in one form or another. The Witch-figure has been infamous for over 2500 years. Eventually the widespread torture and killing of those accused of Witchcraft was sanctioned by both secular and ecclesiastical authorities. For a religion and a people that scholars say never existed, this seems amazingly remarkable.
What other parallel can we draw from history that encompasses so much literature over a vast period of time, and addresses with such intensity and tenacity a people that never existed, while at the same time resulting in the torture and deaths of thousands of real individuals thought to be this non-existent thing? There appears to be no match or precedence in all of history. Why have people believed in the actual existence of witches since ancient times? Why are we still talking about them in the 21st century?
When comparing Witchcraft with Wicca, there are more similarities than there are differences. For example, the Witch known as Medea is a priestess, and she casts a ritual/magical circle on the ground, sets an altar, and calls upon a goddess. The Italian Witch-Hunter, Francesco Guazzo, writes in his Compendium Maleficarum, that Witches possess a black book from which they read during their religious rites. He also mentions that they have dealings with spirits of earth, air, fire and water. Old woodcuts depict Witches attending a Sabbat. Folklorist Charles Leland, in his book Aradia, presents material connecting Witches with a male and female divinity. It is therefore difficult to clearly distinguish between Wicca and Witchcraft, is such a distinction actually does apply.


Nurses have to be quick on their feet in more ways than one. When they're taking care of your loved one, you definitely don't want them worrying about their aching toes! The key to a happy nurse is happy feet. That's why we've put together this list of the best nursing shoe brands.
Nurses work long hours, and no matter where they're located - in the ER, ICU, or just at your normal doctor's office - they have to be focused on the task at hand. That means they can't be thinking about how their feet hurt. Luckily major shoe brands like Dansko, Crocs, HeartSoul, Sanita, and Birkenstock have designed awesome nursing shoes for both men and women! Our list proves that good nursing shoes are not hard to find.
Some nurses choose standard athletic shoes, while others opt for clogs that help to minimize minimize foot, ankle, knee, and back pain during those long hours spent on their feet. Comfortable nursing shoes can mean all the difference when a nurse is going on his or her 12th hour!
So before you head out for your marathon nursing shift, take a look at our list of best nursing shoes brands. Vote up the brand that's the perfect prescription for aching feet!
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text:
Israel Political Brief April 18, 2012: PM Benjamin Netanyau Named to Time's List of 100 Most Influential People in the World
Bibi's back on Time list of 100 most influential
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu made Time magazine's 2012 list of the 100 most influential people in the world for the second year in a row.
Netanyahu is called an "iconic, strong and determined leader who has excelled during a lifetime of service to the state of Israel" in a profile written by U.S. Rep. Eric Cantor (R-Va.), the majority leader in the House of Representatives.
"At this perilous moment, Prime Minister Netanyahu is the right leader for Israel — and the right partner for America," Cantor wrote….READ MORE
The 100 Most Influential People in the World
They are the people who inspire us, entertain us, challenge us and change our world. Meet the breakouts, pioneers, moguls, leaders and icons who make up this year's TIME 100
TIME 100: The List
By Eric Cantor
Source: Time, 4-18-12
ENLARGE PHOTO+
Oliver Weiken / Pool / AP
Israel has had its share of transformational leaders who are comfortable on the world's stage, dealing with their nation's often oversize challenges. Benjamin Netanyahu is one of these iconic Israelis, a strong, determined leader who has excelled during a lifetime of service to the state of Israel. Bibi's accomplishments and service as a soldier, a diplomat, an economic reformer who took on the difficult and politically perilous task of challenging the status quo, and a two-time Prime Minister rank him among the world's great leaders.
Now, at a time of tremendous international instability and growing danger, Prime Minister N
etanyahu, 62, has provided a compelling and reasoned exposition of one of the gravest threats facing the world today. He deserves credit for drawing attention to the threat Iran poses to Israel, to America, to the region, to its own people and to the free world. Confronting Iran's pursuit of nuclear weapons and sponsorship of terrorism is an urgent task for all of us. At this perilous moment, Prime Minister Netanyahu is the right leader for Israel — and the right partner for America.
Cantor is the majority leader in the U.S. House of Representatives
View the full list for "The 100 Most Influential People in the World"
by bonniekgoodman on April 18, 2012 • Permalink
Posted in Benjamin Netanyahu, Israel News, Israeli Politics
Tagged 100 Most Influential People in the World, Benjamin Netanyahu, Eric Cantor, Time Magazine
Posted by bonniekgoodman on April 18, 2012
https://togetherwithisrael.wordpress.com/2012/04/18/israel-political-brief-april-18-2012-pm-benjamin-netanyau-named-to-times-list-of-100-most-influential-people-in-the-world/
Full Text Israel Political Brief April 18, 2012: PM Benjamin Netanyahu's Speech at Holocaust Remembrance Day / Yom Hashoah Ceremony at Yad Vashem
Israel Brief April 19, 2012: Israelis Take Two Minutes to Reflect on Holocaust Memorial Day


text:
Q: I've used hdparm secure erase on a USB SATA drive. Is it beyond recovery now? Acting on information in an outdated version of the ULSAH, I have tried to wipe out my old backup disk (a USB-connected SATA drive, not an SSD) using hdparm with the following options (rather the way a toddler will go about things):
hdparm --security-set-pass foo /dev/sdb
hdparm --security-erase-enhanced foo /dev/sdb
hdparm --security-erase foo /dev/sdb

(I used the third command for good measure.) Later, the disk behaved in unpredictable ways.
hdparm --security-unlock foo /dev/sdb

seemed to make it possible to write a new partition table to it, and beginning a format, but that partition table did not stay. I started to get IO errors when trying to do something with the disk. Repeated attempts at unlocking the disk, or whatever, using hdparm had no further apparent effect.
As I have now realised (see http://www.tomshardware.co.uk/answers/id-1984547/secure-erase-external-usb-hard-drive.html), the whole idea seems to have been ill-advised in the first place. And having gone about this task without googling first, I don't deserve, and am not hoping for, any sympathy.
But is it possible to tell whether I have definitely bricked the external drive? Is there some kind of diagnostic tool available? It would be a pity to throw away equipment that could basically still work. (As a backup disk, it had a good life so far, with plenty of leisure time.)

A: From my experience there's a very rare chance that the Secure Erase will not release a lock on the device and I've had to use MHDD to permanently unlock an internal hard drive.  If hdparm can still used on your external drive you might try the -I command to see if it is not locked or locked near the bottom of the wall of text it proves.
Edit: To clarify there's two types of drive unlocks.  Temporary, when a hard drive is unlocked until the next power cycle and a permanent unlock which removes the lock on said drive.  As far as I can remember, it's been a while, only one unlock can be performed per power cycle.


Lark Jewelry & Beading Half-price Sale!
December 8 , by Stacie Hooder.
Through December 11, many Lark Jewelry & Beading titles are on sale at Barnes and Noble (BN.com) and Amazon is matching most of their sale prices! Check out the list of sale items at Lark Jewelry & Beading!
The sale includes their wildly popular gallery books and many technique books from some of the most well-known names in jewelry making! Don't miss your chance at these great gift opportunities – or to round out your own library.


text:
\section*{Method}

Our algorithm can be schematized in two layers:
\begin{enumerate}
   \item
   At the core of our simulations we employed the VMC method to calculate the electronic Born-Oppenheimer energy surface.
   For the sake of simplicity, we only considered classical protons, enabling us to treat the Coulomb potential generated by $N$ protons as a static external potential.
   Therefore, given the protonic positions $\Rp\equiv({\bf q}_1,\dots {\bf q}_N)$ and a trial wave function $\PsitRp$ with $n$ variational parameters $\Theta\equiv(\theta_1,\dots \theta_n)$, the VMC energy reads as
   \begin{equation}
      \EVMC(\Theta,\Rp) = \frac{\langle \PsitRp \mid H \mid \PsitRp \rangle}{\langle \PsitRp \mid \PsitRp \rangle},
   \end{equation}
   where the Hamiltonian $H$ accounts for the electronic kinetic energy and the Coulomb potential energy.
   \item On top of VMC, we used an optimization algorithm for finding the $\Theta$ and $\Rp$ which minimize $\EVMC$ to find the zero temperature ground state structures at different densities.
\end{enumerate}

In the following, the latter optimization method is illustrated. For that purpose,
we begin by introducing a Lagrangian for our system
\begin{equation}
   \Lagr = \frac{1}{2} \sum_{i=1}^{N} \massp \drp_i^2 + \mu \langle \dPsi \mid \dPsi \rangle - \langle \Psi \mid H - \Lambda \mid \Psi \rangle \label{eq:lagrangian}
\end{equation}
where $\massp$ is the protonic mass, $\mu$ is a fictitious mass, and $\Lambda$ is a Lagrange multiplier which ensures the normalization condition \mbox{$\langle \Psi \mid \Psi \rangle = 1$} of the trial wave function $|\Psi \rangle$.

The corresponding Euler-Lagrange equation for the protons
leads to
\begin{eqnarray}
   \massp \ddrp_i &=&\VF_i
   \nonumber
   \\
    \VF_i &=&
    - \grad \left( \langle \Psi \mid H \mid \Psi \rangle - \Lambda \langle \Psi \mid \Psi \rangle + \mu \langle \dPsi \mid \dPsi \rangle  \right) \, , \label{eq:motion_ions}
\end{eqnarray}
where $\VF_i$ is the force acting on the protons.
Such an equation is related to Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (MD).
In fact, the latter is recovered by setting $\mu=0$ and assuming that $\Psi$ is an exact eigenstate, or very close to it, so that the forces can be evaluated using the Hellmann-Feynman theorem
\begin{equation}
   \VF_i^{BO} = - \langle \Psi \mid \gradH \mid \Psi \rangle
\end{equation}

The dynamics of the electronic wave function for fixed protons is entirely contained in the time-dependence of the variational parameters
\begin{equation}
  \dot{\Psi}(\Theta)  =  \sum_{i=1}^n  \dot{\theta}_i \Oo_i \Psi(\Theta) \, ,
\end{equation}
where $\Oo_i \equiv \partial \log  \Psi /\partial \theta_i-\langle \partial \log  \Psi /\partial \theta_i  \rangle $, and $\langle \cdot \rangle \equiv \langle \Psi \mid \cdot \mid \Psi \rangle$. The resulting Euler-Lagrange equation for the $\Theta$ variables
then gives
\begin{equation}
   \mu \sum_{i=1}^n \ddot{\theta}_i \langle  \Oo_i \Oo_j  \rangle = - \langle \Oo_j (H - \Lambda) \rangle, \label{eq:motion_theta}
\end{equation}
or
\begin{equation}
   \mu\ddot{\theta}_i =  {\cal F}_i,
\end{equation}
where  ${\cal F}_i$ acts as a generalized force on the electronic parameters
\begin{equation}
{\cal F}_i= - \sum_j \langle \Oo_i \Oo_j \rangle^{-1} \langle \Oo_j (H - \Lambda) \rangle. \label{eq:SR}
\end{equation}

Note that Eq.~\ref{eq:motion_ions} and \ref{eq:motion_theta} represents a coupled electron-ion dynamics that can be utilized to facilitate quantum Monte Carlo based \textit{ab-initio} molecular dynamics in the spirit of Car-Parrinello molecular dynamic (CPMD) \cite{PhysRevLett.55.2471,PhysRevLett.98.066401}, which keeps the electronic degrees of freedom very close to the instantaneous ground state. However, the noise in the nuclear forces computed in this way needs to be compensated by means of a modified Langevin equation \cite{PhysRevB.73.041105,PhysRevLett.98.066401,PhysRevLett.100.114501}.

In this work, we have focused on this set of equations for minimizing the variational energy and finding the optimal protonic structure.
We have neglected the dynamic, and simply used the forces to reach the minimum,
similar to the Stochastic Reconfiguration method\cite{PhysRevB.71.241103} as described in \cite{paper:calcavecchia_kuehne}.

The accuracy of VMC depends on the quality of the underlying trial wave function \cite{Pierleoni200889,PhysRevB.91.115106}.
Here, we have considered basic Jastrow-Slater (JS) trial wave functions \cite{paper:calcavecchia_kuehne},
\begin{equation}
\begin{split}
   \Psi(R)  & = \det \phi_n({\bf r}_i) e^{- \sum_{i,j} \uyuk(r_{ij})},~\text{where} \\
   \uyuk(r) & \equiv A \; \frac{1 - e^{-Fr}}{r}.
\end{split}
\end{equation}
This is to say that a Yukawa form for the electron-electron and electron-proton pair correlation
accounts for symmetrical correlations ($A$ and $F$ are variational parameters, $R=({\bf r}_1, \dots {\bf r}_N)$ the electronic coordinates) is employed here. For the Slater determinant, we have used four different kinds of orbitals, $\phi_n({\bf r})$:
\begin{description}
   \item[plane-waves] $ \phipw(\mathbf{r},\mathbf{k}) \equiv \exp(-i \mathbf{k} \cdot \mathbf{r}) $, where $\mathbf{k}$ labels the Fermi k-vectors;
   \item[atomic] $ \phiatm(\mathbf{r},\mathbf{q}) \equiv \exp(-\Catm || \mathbf{q} - \mathbf{r} ||) $, where $\Catm$ is a variational parameter;
   \item[bi-atomic] $ \phibat(\mathbf{r},\mathbf{q}_1,\mathbf{q}_2) \equiv \phiatm(\mathbf{r},\mathbf{q}_{1}) + \phiatm(\mathbf{r},\mathbf{q}_{2}) $, where $\mathbf{q}_1$ and $\mathbf{q}_2$ belong to the same \Htwo molecule;
   \item[DFT] orbitals resulting from a DFT calculation employing the PBE exchange-correlation energy functional and the bare Coulomb pseudo-potential.
\end{description}

We applied this novel algorithm as described above for investigating the high pressure structures of a 2D layer of hydrogen, where point-like protons are strictly confined to a plane but electrons can move in all three dimensions.
We considered four configurations for the protons, forming either a square, triangular, or (atomic or molecular) graphene-like lattice, as illustrated in Fig.~\ref{fig:2DStructures_structures}.
Our periodic systems contained $N=128$ hydrogen atoms for the triangular lattice and $N=144$ for all of the other structures.
Twist averaged boundary conditions were applied to reduce finite size effects \cite{PhysRevE.64.016702,PhysRevB.94.035126}, which are know to be particularly important in the metallic phase.

For each of these structures, we first computed the variational energy, optimizing only the wave function parameters.
The resulting energies corresponding to densities in between $1 \le r_s=a/a_B \le 3.5$, where $a=(\pi \rho)^{-1/2}$ is the mean inter-particle distance in 2D, are reported in Fig.~\ref{fig:WfOpt_energies} and Table \ref{energytable}.
Out of the investigated structures, the molecular graphene-like lattice structure with bi-atomic orbitals turned out the most stable one at low density/pressure whereas the triangular atomic lattice with DFT orbitals becomes favorable at high densities, $r_s  \lesssim 1.1$.
At this level, energies are rather widespread depending on both the considered lattice structure and on the underlying orbitals used in the Slater determinant.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{structures.pdf}
  \caption{2D protonic configurations considered in this work. Starting from the bottom-left panel, in clock-wise order: Squared, triangular, atomic graphene-like, molecular graphene-like. In the molecular graphene-like structure, light grey markers are used to illustrate the connection to the atomic structure.}
  \label{fig:2DStructures_structures}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{wf_opt-energies.pdf}
  \caption{Variational energies obtained by optimizing the wave function variational parameters. We used a symbol code for labeling different proton configurations (square=squared, triangle=triangular, circle=atomic graphene-like, rhombus=molecular graphene-like) and a color code for the employed trial wave function (red=plane waves, blue=atomic, green=bi-atomic, magenta=DFT).}
  \label{fig:WfOpt_energies}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{structure_relaxation-energies.pdf}
  \caption{Variational energies obtained by optimizing the wave function variational parameters and the proton positions. We used a symbol code for labeling different proton configurations (square=squared, triangle=triangular, circle=atomic graphene-like, rhombus=molecular graphene-like) and a color code for the employed trial wave function (red=plane waves, blue=atomic, green=bi-atomic).}
  \label{fig:StructureRelaxation_energies}
\end{figure}

\begingroup
\begin{table*}
\centering
\begin{tabular}{|cc||c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
 $r_s$ & & $1.0$ &$1.25$ & $1.5$  & $1.75$ &$2.0$ &$2.5$ & $3.0$ &$3.5$  \\
 \hline
\hline
square & DFT & -0.8574(13) &  -0.965(1) & -0.9910(7) & -0.9734(5) &  -0.9459(5) & -0.8888(5) & -0.8521(4) &-0.8278(6) \\
& pw  & -0.8943(3) & -0.9731(4) & -0.9709(3) & -0.9403(4) & -0.9058(2) & -0.8384(4) & -0.7886(5) & -0.7528(9) \\
& rel.  & -0.8938(5) & -0.9725(3) & -0.9698(2) & -0.9417(4) & -0.9220(2) & -0.8754(3) & -0.8597(4) & -0.8585(6) \\
& atomic &  -0.4894(4) & -0.7610(3) & -0.8740(2) &  -0.9244(1) & -0.94873(8) & -0.96719(3) & -0.97291(2) &  -0.97537(2) \\
& rel. & -0.7474(5) &  -0.9137(3) & -0.9791(3) & -0.9905(2) & -0.9967(2) & -0.9961(2) & -0.98824(7) & -0.98723(5) \\
& bi-atomic & -0.5429(5) & -0.7876(4) & -0.8783(3) &  -0.9092(1) & -0.9162(2) & -0.9085(3) & -0.9034(3) & -0.9093(4) \\
& rel. & -0.7153(6) & -0.9584(2) & -1.0203(3) & -1.0536(3) & -1.0674(3) & -1.0806(3) & -1.0776(3) &  -1.0428(4) \\
\hline
triangle & DFT & \cellcolor{green} -0.9209(12) & -0.9984(5) & -1.0103(4) & -0.9897(6) & -0.9576(4) & -0.8956(4) & -0.8565(5) & -0.8239(6) \\
& pw  & -0.9136(6) & -0.9850(5) & -0.9605(9) & -0.8959(9) & -0.778(1) & -0.5513(9) & -0.4939(5) & -0.3997(4) \\
& rel. &  \cellcolor{orange} -0.9154(3) & -0.9865(3) & -0.9744(4) & -0.9482(4) & -0.9347(3) & -0.8911(4) & -0.8677(2) & -0.8548(4) \\
& atomic &  -0.7403(4) & -0.9062(3) & -0.9601(2) & -0.9747(2) & -0.97684(8) & -0.97423(5) & -0.97327(2) & -0.97390(1) \\
& rel. &   -0.7799(5) & -0.9230(5) & -0.9777(3) & -0.9881(3) & -0.9957(2) & -0.98994(8) & -0.99120(7) & -0.99188(5) \\
& bi-atomic &  -0.7091(3) & -0.8762(2) & -0.9270(2) & -0.9360(1) & -0.9300(1) & -0.9103(2) & -0.9028(3) & -0.9097(3) \\
& rel. &   -0.7664(4) & -1.0205(3) & -1.0422(4) & -1.0793(2) & -1.0803(2) & -1.0901(3) & -1.0667(5) & -1.0631(2) \\
\hline
graphene-a & DFT & -0.7679(44) & -0.898(3) & -0.980(2) & -0.974(1) & -0.9566(8) & -0.9009(9) & -0.8658(5) & -0.8146(9) \\
& pw & -0.8784(4) & -0.9662(4) & -0.9700(4) & -0.9458(3) & -0.9148(3) & -0.8527(7) & -0.8051(7) & -0.713(1) \\
& rel. & -0.9082(3) & -0.9789(3) & -0.9745(3) & -0.9526(4) & -0.94390(3) & -0.8942(3) & -0.8659(5) & -0.8723(7) \\
& atomic &  -0.8622(3) & -0.9817(2) & -1.0092(2) &  -1.0077(2) & -0.9979(1) & -0.98176(7) & -0.97570(5) & -0.97473(2) \\
& rel. & -0.8609(4) & -0.9816(3) & -1.0090(3) & -1.0075(2) & -1.0037(1) & -0.9925(1) & -0.9933 & -0.99476(9) \\
& bi-atomic &  -0.8164(5) & -0.9575(2) & -0.9923(2) & -0.9903(1) & -0.9757(1) & -0.9416(1) & -0.9199(2) & -0.9143(3) \\
& rel. &   -0.8344(5) &  -0.9943(3) & -1.0791(2) & -1.0865(2) & -1.1137(1) & -1.1065(3) & -1.1127(2) & -1.0852(3) \\
\hline
graphene-m & DFT & -0.7598(30) & -0.919(3) & -1.003(1) & -1.021(1) & -1.043(1) & -1.0640(8) & -1.0834(6) & -1.0924(8) \\
& pw & -0.8720(4) & -0.9270(4) & -0.9055(6) & -0.8761(5) & -0.8517(6) & -0.8517(7) & -0.873(1) & -0.900(1) \\
& rel. & -0.9024(4) & -0.9822(3) & -0.9750(3) &  -0.9532(3) & -0.9247(4) & -0.8939(4) & -0.8746(6) & -0.9072(5)\\
& atomic & -0.8581(3) & -0.9673(4) & -0.9980(4) & -1.019(4) & -1.0286(3) & -1.0419(6) & -1.0556(4) &-1.0724(2) \\
& rel. &   -0.8573(3) & -0.9665(3) & -1.0033(3) & -1.0185(6) & -1.0333(2) & -1.0707(3) & -1.0547(4) & -1.0720(3) \\
& bi-atomic & -0.8558(3) & \cellcolor{green}-1.0437(2) & \cellcolor{green}-1.1051(2) & \cellcolor{green} -1.1255(2) & \cellcolor{green} -1.1327(1) & \cellcolor{green} -1.1370(2) & \cellcolor{green} -1.1395(1) & \cellcolor{green}-1.1417(1) \\
& rel. & -0.8553(4) & \cellcolor{orange}-1.0433(1) & \cellcolor{orange} -1.1048(2) & \cellcolor{orange} -1.1255(1) & \cellcolor{orange} -1.1322(2) & \cellcolor{orange} -1.1369(1) & \cellcolor{orange} -1.1392(1) & \cellcolor{orange}-1.1417(1) \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\caption{Energies per atom in units of Ry for the different crystal structures: square, triangle, atomic graphene (graphene-a) and molecular graphene (graphene-b) and underlying orbitals in the Slater determinant of the VMC wave function: plane wave (pw), DFT, atomic, and bi-atomic orbitals. In each line below the orbitals types pw, atomic, and bi-atomic, we give the energies of the structural relaxation (rel.) based on the corresponding orbital. The green (orange) fields mark the lowest energies before (after) structure relaxation.}
\label{energytable}
\end{table*}
\endgroup

Based on the generalized forces given above, we have continued to optimize the protonic structure for plane-wave, atomic, and bi-atomic orbitals, starting from the aforementioned crystal structures investigated here.
The relaxation using the DFT orbitals, whereas possible in principle, has not be taken into consideration in this work, as it complicates enormously the wave function minimization process.
Our results after relaxing the positions of the protons are shown in Fig.~\ref{fig:StructureRelaxation_energies}.
The protonic structure optimization results in a lower energy for most of the configurations and trial wave functions.
Energies after relaxation become less sensitive to the initial structure and group together depending mainly on the choice of the underlying Slater orbitals.

The molecular graphene-like structure remains the favored low density/pressure phase, and it is best described by the bi-atomic orbitals.
Energies in this molecular phase are unaffected by the relaxation within our statistical uncertainties.
This is in contrast to our results at high densities, $r_s \lesssim 1.1$, where relaxation lowers significantly the energy of the triangular structure with plane-wave orbitals, the favored ones between the orbitals used for the structure relaxation.
This might indicate that the ground state of the atomic phase is not likely to be described by a simple triangular crystal structure, but contains more atoms in the unit cell, similar to the high pressure structures predicted in 3D \cite{PhysRevLett.106.165302,PSSB:PSSB200880546}.
Another possibility is that the number of atoms used in our simulation is compatible with the real ground state structure, but the relaxation process falls in a local minimum.

Besides the structure of hydrogen, its conductivity is certainly the most interesting property.
Here, instead of attempting a direct calculation of the conductivity \cite{PhysRevLett.103.256401}, we simply deduce metallic or insulating behavior from the localization properties of the ground state wave function.
Within VMC, the localization of the reduced single particle density matrix directly reflects the character of the orbitals inside the Slater determinant \cite{PhysRevLett.114.105701,Pierleoni03052016}.
Since the molecular graphene structure is described by localized bi-atomic orbitals, and the triangular structure with extended DFT/pw orbitals, the metallization transition occurs together with the structural phase transition around $r_s \approx 1.1$ within our description.

Finally, let us provide a rough estimation for the pressure necessary to reach metallization in 2D.
The two-dimensional pressure as obtained from an approximated Maxwell construction is estimated to be around $54~\text{N}/\text{m}\simeq 1.0 \cdot 10^3 a_0 \,\text{GPa}$ with an error of a few percent due to the uncertainty of the Maxwell construction. The orbitals currently used in the relaxation are likely to favour the molecular phase, so that the pressure should present an upper bound for metallization in strictly 2D hydrogen.

In conclusion, we have introduced a novel general algorithm that can be used for simulations in the spirit of Car-Parrinello, with the major difference of replacing density functional theory with the more accurate quantum Monte Carlo methods for describing the electronic structure.
Whereas this original approach might open up a new generation of ab-initio simulations of higher accuracy, we have confined ourselves to the case of $T~=~0~\text{K}$, where the dynamics of the protons simply leads to a structure relaxation.
We have shown that it is possible to use this method for geometrical optimizations, and we have applied it to investigate high pressure $2$-D hydrogen structures where protons are confined within a plane and electrons are free to move in $3$-D.
Our simulations indicate metallization at $r_s~\approx~1.1$ and at a pressure of $1.0 \cdot 10^3~a_0~\text{GPa}$, together with a structural transition from a molecular lattice to an atomic phase.
Whereas the geometrical optimization confirms the molecular graphene structure for the insulating phase, the structure of the metallic phase is ambiguous.
However, there are good circumstantial evidences that all of the considered starting configurations can be excluded with reasonable certainty for the atomic phase.
This either means that we have not considered a number of atoms compatible with the ground state unit cell of the atomic phase, or that a minimization technique better suited for finding a global minimum should be adopted for addressing this specific question.
Finally, we would like to mention that using DFT orbitals  in the structural relaxation is likely to further lower the energy in the metallic state so that metallization might occur at a slightly lower pressure.

\section*{Additional Material}
\label{sec:appendix}

\subsection{Ewald summation in quasi-2D layers}
\label{sub:appendices}
In our study, we have considered a $2D$ layer with periodic conditions on the $x$ and $y$ axis.
However, the electrons were allowed to move in a $3D$ space.
Such a peculiarity requires some corrections in the Ewald summation.

In particular, when summing over all $\mathbf{k}$-vectors in the long-range term, one should consider the limit $L_z \rightarrow \infty$ and therefore $\Delta k_z \rightarrow dk_z$. The sum over all $k_z$ needs to be substituted by an integral:
\begin{equation}
   \sum_{k_z} \frac{e^{-\frac{k_z^2}{4 \alpha}}}{k_x^2 + k_y^2 + k_z^2} e^{i k_z {r_{ij}}_z} \rightarrow \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} dk_z \, \frac{e^{-\frac{k_z^2}{4 \alpha}}}{k_x^2 + k_y^2 + k_z^2} e^{i k_z {r_{ij}}_z}\, . \label{eq:int_kz_ewald}
\end{equation}

This integral can actually be computed analytically.
By using the substitution
\begin{equation}
   \frac{1}{k_x^2 + k_y^2 + k_z^2} = - \int_{0}^{\infty} dt \, e^{- \left( k_x^2 + k_y^2 + k_z^2 \right) t} \, ,
\end{equation}
one can compute the integral in Eq. \eqref{eq:int_kz_ewald}, obtaining
\begin{widetext}
\begin{equation}
   \frac{\pi e^{\frac{1}{4 \alpha} k_x^2 + k_y^2 - \sqrt{k_x^2 + k_y^2} |{r_{ij}}_z|}}{2 \sqrt{k_x^2 + k_y^2}} \left[ 2 + e^{2 \frac{1}{4 \alpha} \sqrt{k_x^2 + k_y^2} + |{r_{ij}}_z|} \erfc{ \frac{2 \frac{1}{4 \alpha} \sqrt{k_x^2 + k_y^2} + |{r_{ij}}_z|}{2 \sqrt{\frac{1}{4 \alpha}}} } - \erfc{ \frac{-2 \frac{1}{4 \alpha} \sqrt{k_x^2 + k_y^2} + |{r_{ij}}_z|}{2 \sqrt{\frac{1}{4 \alpha}}} } \right] \label{eq:z_ewald}
\end{equation}
\end{widetext}

The long-range term in the Ewald summation then reads
\begin{equation}
   \sum_{i,j} \sum_{k_x, k_y} - \frac{4 \pi}{\Vol} e^{-\frac{k_x^2 + k_y^2}{4 \alpha}} e^{i \left( k_x {r_{ij}}_x + k_y {r_{ij}}_y \right)} \mathcal{F}(k_x,k_y,\alpha,{r_{ij}}_z)
\end{equation}
where $\Vol$ is the volume of the system, $\mathcal{F}$ is the expression in Eq. \eqref{eq:z_ewald}, and the sum over $k_x, k_y$ does not include the case $k_x=k_y=0$.

\begin{figure}[htbp]
  \centering
    \includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{H2_binding.pdf}
  \caption{Structure optimization algorithm applied to the simple \Htwo molecule. We used the bi-atomic wave function, and two different starting distances for the protons. The inset shows the corresponding evolution of the variational energy.}
  \label{fig:H2_binding}
\end{figure}

\subsection{Code and Algorithm Reliability Check}
\label{ssub:code_and_algorithm_reliability_check}
Whereas the VMC part was used before \cite{paper:calcavecchia_kuehne} and it is therefore known to provide reliable results, the structure optimization algorithm was new.

In order to check that both our novel algorithm and code work as expected, we have applied it to a very simple case: The \Htwo binding.
The results of our test simulations are presented in Fig.~\ref{fig:H2_binding} and demonstrated the reliability of our calculations.

\subsection{Finite size effects}
\label{sub:finite_size_effects}
Finite-size effects are known to play a crucial role in solid state physics, and in particular in conductive materials. In our study, we have accounted for them by means of the TABC when using the plane-wave wave function, but not when using the atomic and bi-atomic ones. This approximation is justified as long as the simulation box is big enough for containing such localized wave functions. However, when dealing with very high densities, it is legitimate to wonder if such an approximation is valid or not.

We verified the validity of our approximation by explicitly computing the kinetic energy for the atomic orbital for a finite and infinite simulation box.
In particular, we have considered the atomic graphene-like structure at $r_s=1$, where $L_x=27.99~\text{Bohr}$, $L_y=16.16~\text{Bohr}$, and $\Catm=0.421$. We found out that our energies are reliable up to $\sim~10^{-3}~\text{Ry}~\simeq~10^{-2}~\text{eV}$. This uncertainty is much larger than the statistical error inherited from the Monte Carlo integration.

\begin{acknowledgments}
F.C. and M.H. thank the NanoScience Foundation for support and acknowledge discussions with David Ceperley, T. D. K\"uhne for allowing us to access the Mogon HPC which has been used for most of the numerical calculations.
\end{acknowledgments}

\bibliographystyle{apsrev}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Mary Elizabeth "Betty" Parrish Riley, age 84, went home to be with her Lord and Savior, Jesus Christ, Tuesday, December 8, 2015 from her Dublin residence.
She is survived by her husband of 63 years, Charles N. Riley, four daughters: Charlyn (Donnie) Green of Martinez, Dian (Bill) Davis of Laramie, WY, Tara (Cliff) Tidwell of McIntyre, Teresa (Marshall) McDuffie of Hoover, AL, and her sister, Joyce Clayton of Roswell, six grandchildren, two great-grandchildren and many nieces and nephews.
A memorial service to celebrate her life was held at 11:00 a.m. on Saturday, December 12, at First Baptist Church, 405 Bellevue Ave., Dublin. Visitation followed the service.
A private interment was in Surrency City Cemetery.
In lieu of flowers, memorial contributions may be made to the Dublin First Baptist Church benevolence fund, Trinity Christian School, Adrian Rogers' Love Worth Finding Ministries, David Jeremiah's Turning Point Ministries, D. James Kennedy Ministries, or Charles Stanley's In Touch Ministries.


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15 It cannot be gotten for gold, neither shall silver be weighed [for] the price thereof.
17 The gold and the crystal cannot equal it: and the exchange of it [shall not be for] jewels of fine gold.
18 No mention shall be made of coral, or of pearls: for the price of wisdom [is] above rubies.
20 Whence then cometh wisdom? and where [is] the place of understanding?
28 And unto man he said, Behold, the fear of the Lord, that [is] wisdom; and to depart from evil [is] understanding.


Norbert Teufelberger, the former chief executive of bwin.party, has been appointed a special advisor to FastForward Innovations to help the company identify new investment opportunities in the technology and gaming sectors.
Teufelberger is credited with introducing FastForward to Leap Gaming, a virtual and 3D games specialist in which FastForward acquired a 29.4 per cent stake earlier this week.
Teufelberger has almost 30 years' experience in the technology and leisure industry, most recently serving as CEO of bwin.party digital entertainment before its acquisition by GVC Holdings.
In his career to date he has been involved in the acquisition and integration of numerous technology businesses, securing more than $1bn in equity and debt financing. At its peak, bwin had approximately 4,000 employees worldwide and a market capitalisation in excess of $3bn.
"I have been fortunate to have spent the past 30 years building and leading companies that push the envelope of technological innovation," Teufelberger commented.
Already a major shareholder in FastForward, Teufelberger has been granted 1,000,000 options over ordinary shares in the company on the same terms as the options granted to its directors.
Shares in FastForward Innovations Limited (AIM:FFWD) were trading up 1.24 per cent at 18.35 pence per share in London early Friday.


Gain more control in managing your global inventory and determine the best location from which to fulfill orders based on configurable sourcing rules. You can determine the most cost effective location for you and how you can best meet your customer varied requirements.
The sourcing engine lets you define and optimize how orders are fulfilled from all available inventory. Configurable business rules let you decide on the most cost effective source. A weighting system provides you with further flexibility to control sourcing decisions and provide the quickest transit time or in store pickup for customers.
Increase the visibility of all of your inventory to improve sales velocity. Turn inventory faster with a single view of "available to sell" products across all of your channels. This will help to increase your revenue and reduce "out of stock" losses online and markdowns that may not have sold in the store.
All stock is aggregated and made available to sell from any location, both online or in store. You can then further refine and publish this aggregated view of inventory to your various channels. Each channel will receive the appropriate inventory allocation based on your pre-defined business rules to better manage what gets sold where.
The value of order management is not simply an inventory count, but it is the power of having a single source of truth of what products are available to sell from all sources. The system keeps track of all of your in-flight orders and notifies other inventory systems in real-time to maintain accurate stock levels.
As the OMS is in real-time communication with the warehouse, drop shippers and store inventory systems, it receives a stock update and automatically recalculates the stock available to sell. This includes safety stock calculations where your thresholds can be defined at the source or aggregate level.