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Но́белевская пре́мия (, ) — одна из наиболее престижных международных премий, ежегодно присуждаемая за выдающиеся научные исследования, революционные изобретения или крупный вклад в культуру, или развитие общества.

История

Альфред Нобель родился 21 октября 1833 года в Стокгольме, Шведско-норвежская уния, в семье инженеров. Он был химиком, инженером и изобретателем. В 1894 году Нобель приобрёл металлургический концерн Бофорс, который стал крупнейшим производителем вооружения. За свою жизнь Нобель накопил внушительное состояние. Большую часть дохода он получил от своих 355 изобретений, среди которых самое известное — динамит.

В 1888 году Альфреда Нобеля «погребли заживо». В Каннах умер брат Нобеля — Людвиг, и по ошибке репортёров в газеты поместили объявление о смерти самого Альфреда Нобеля, а не его брата. Прочитав во французской газете собственный некролог под названием «Торговец смертью мёртв», Нобель задумался над тем, каким его будет помнить человечество. После этого он решил изменить своё завещание. 10 декабря 1896 года Альфред Нобель умер на своей вилле в Сан-Ремо, Италия, от кровоизлияния в мозг.

Завещание Альфреда Нобеля, составленное им 27 ноября 1895 года, было оглашено в январе 1897 года:

«Всё моё движимое и недвижимое имущество должно быть обращено моими душеприказчиками в ликвидные ценности, а собранный таким образом капитал помещён в надёжный банк. Доходы от вложений должны принадлежать фонду, который будет ежегодно распределять их в виде премий тем, кто в течение предыдущего года принёс наибольшую пользу человечеству… Указанные проценты необходимо разделить на пять равных частей, которые предназначаются: одна часть — тому, кто сделает наиболее важное открытие или изобретение в области физики; другая — тому, кто сделает наиболее важное открытие или усовершенствование в области химии; третья — тому, кто сделает наиболее важное открытие в области физиологии или медицины; четвёртая — тому, кто создаст наиболее выдающееся литературное произведение идеалистического направления; пятая — тому, кто внёс наиболее существенный вклад в сплочение наций, уничтожение рабства или снижение численности существующих армий и содействие проведению мирных конгрессов… Моё особое желание заключается в том, чтобы при присуждении премий не принималась во внимание национальность кандидатов…»

Это завещание поначалу было воспринято скептически. Многочисленные родственники Нобеля посчитали себя обделёнными и требовали признать завещание недействительным. Лишь 26 апреля 1897 года оно было утверждено Стортингом Норвегии. Исполнители воли Нобеля, секретарь Рагнар Сульман и адвокат Рудольф Лилеквист, организовали Фонд Нобеля, чтобы заботиться об исполнении его завещания и организовывать вручение премий.

Согласно инструкциям Нобеля, ответственным за присуждение премии мира стал Норвежский Нобелевский комитет, члены которого были назначены в апреле 1897 года вскоре после вступления в силу завещания. Через некоторое время были определены организации, присуждающие остальные премии. 7 июня Каролинский институт стал ответственным за присуждение премии в области физиологии или медицины; 9 июня Шведская академия получила право присуждать премию по литературе; 11 июня Шведская королевская академия наук признана ответственной за присуждение премий по физике и химии. 29 июня 1900 года был основан Фонд Нобеля с целью управления финансами и организации Нобелевских премий. В Фонде Нобеля были достигнуты соглашения о базовых принципах вручения премий, и в 1900 году только что созданный устав фонда был принят королём Оскаром II. В 1905 году Шведско-норвежская уния была расторгнута. С этого момента Норвежский Нобелевский комитет отвечает за присуждение Нобелевской премии мира, а шведские организации ответственны за остальные премии.

Правила премии
Основным документом, регулирующим правила вручения премии, является статут Нобелевского фонда.

Премией могут быть награждены только отдельные лица, а не учреждения (кроме премий мира). Премия мира может присуждаться как отдельным лицам, так и официальным и общественным организациям.

Согласно § 4 статута, одновременно могут быть поощрены одна или две работы, но при этом общее число награждённых не должно превышать трёх. Хотя это правило было введено только в 1968 году, оно де-факто всегда соблюдалось. При этом денежное вознаграждение делится между лауреатами следующим образом: премия сначала делится поровну между работами, а потом поровну между их авторами. Таким образом, если награждаются два разных открытия, одно из которых сделали двое, то последние получают по 1/4 денежной части премии. А если награждается одно открытие, которое сделали двое или трое, все получают поровну (по 1/2 или 1/3 премии, соответственно).

Также в § 4 указано, что премия не может быть присуждена посмертно. Однако, если претендент был жив в момент объявления о присуждении ему премии (обычно в октябре), но умер до церемонии вручения (10 декабря текущего года), то премия за ним сохраняется. Это правило принято в 1974 году, и до этого премия дважды присуждалась посмертно: Эрику Карлфельдту в 1931 году и Дагу Хаммаршёльду в 1961 году. Уже согласно принятому правилу премия сохранилась за Уильямом Викри, умершим в октябре 1996 года через несколько дней после присуждения ему премии. Однако в 2011 году правило было нарушено, когда по решению Нобелевского комитета Ральф Стейнман был награждён Нобелевской премией по физиологии или медицине посмертно, поскольку на момент присуждения премии нобелевский комитет считал его живым.

Согласно § 5 статута, премия вообще может никому не присуждаться, если члены соответствующего комитета не нашли достойных работ среди выдвинутых на соискание. В этом случае призовые средства сохраняются до следующего года. Если же и в следующем году премия не была вручена, средства передаются в закрытый резерв Нобелевского фонда.

Нобелевские премии

В завещании Нобеля предусматривалось выделение средств на награды представителям только пяти направлений:

 Физика (присуждается с 1901 года в Швеции);
 Химия (присуждается с 1901 года в Швеции);
 Физиология или медицина (присуждается с 1901 года в Швеции);
 Литература (присуждается с 1901 года в Швеции);
 Содействие установлению мира во всём мире (присуждается с 1901 года в Норвегии).

Кроме того, вне связи с завещанием Нобеля, с 1969 года по инициативе Банка Швеции присуждается также премия по экономическим наукам памяти Альфреда Нобеля, неофициально именуемая Нобелевской премией по экономике. Она присуждается на тех же условиях, что и другие Нобелевские премии. В дальнейшем правление Фонда Нобеля решило более не увеличивать количество номинаций.

От лауреата требуется выступление с так называемой «Нобелевской мемориальной лекцией», которая публикуется затем Нобелевским фондом в особом томе.

Фонд Нобеля

Фонд Нобеля был создан в 1900 году как частная независимая неправительственная организация, с начальным капиталом 31,6 млн шведских крон (в нынешних ценах эта сумма эквивалентна примерно 1,65 млрд крон или 165 млн долларов). Премии лауреатам выплачивались из процентов от сделок с ценными бумагами. Главной задачей Фонда является управление богатством Альфреда Нобеля, большую часть которого он приобрел в Российской империи, в частности, с нефтяных месторождений в Баку. Бакинские предприятия были основной производственной базой для впечатляющих финансовых результатов компании и во многом способствовали созданию Фонда Нобелевской премии после смерти Альфреда Нобеля. Поскольку к моменту создания призового фонда состояние Альфреда Нобеля составило 31 миллион шведских крон, соответственно более 12 % этой суммы было получено трудом её бакинских сотрудников.

Размер Нобелевской премии
Первые премии составляли  (7,87 млн крон в ценах 2009 года). В 1980-х годах премии составляли около  (в пересчёте на курс начала 2010-х годов — около ). В 1990-х годах размер премии существенно вырос. По состоянию на декабрь 2015 года капитал фонда был равен 4,065 млрд шведских крон, а размер премии составлял 8 млн шведских крон, что примерно эквивалентно 1,1 млн долларов США.
 В 1992 году — 1,04 млн $ США
 В 2000 году — 900 тыс. $ США
 В 2003 году — 1,34 млн $ США
 В 2004 году — 1,46 млн $ США
 В 2005 году — 1,25 млн $ США
 В 2006 году — 1,45 млн $ США
 В 2007 году — 1,56 млн $ США
 В 2008 году — 1,25 млн $ США
 В 2009 году — 1,45 млн $ США
 В 2010 году — 1,5 млн $ США
 В 2011 году — 1,4 млн $ США
 В 2012 году — 1,2 млн $ США.
 В 2015 году — 950 тыс. $ США.
 В 2016 году — 1,1 млн $ США
 В 2017 году — 1,1 млн $ США.
 В 2019 году — 1,1 млн $ США.

В 2012 году размер Нобелевской премии уменьшился на 20 процентов — до 1,1 млн долларов. Такое решение было принято в июне 2012 года на совещании совета директоров Нобелевского фонда. По мнению руководства фонда, данная мера поможет избежать сокращения капитала организации в долгосрочной перспективе. Как говорится в заявлении фонда, управление капиталом «должно осуществляться таким образом, чтобы премию можно было вручать бесконечно». «Нобелевский фонд несёт ответственность за то, чтобы размер премии мог оставаться на высоком уровне длительное время», — отметил исполнительный директор фонда Ларс Хайкенстен. В последние годы доходов, получаемых от использования капитала, не хватало даже на выплату денежной составляющей премии, возмещение затрат на церемонию вручения, а также на содержание административного аппарата. Для оптимизации расходов в фонде, помимо урезания размера премии, также обещают принять другие меры экономии.

Процедура присуждения премии

Номинирование на премию
Запросы на номинирование кандидатов рассылаются Нобелевским Комитетом приблизительно трем тысячам лиц, обычно в сентябре года, предшествующего году присуждения премии. Эти лица — часто исследователи, работающие в соответствующей области. Для присуждения Премии Мира запросы рассылаются правительствам, членам международных судов, профессорам, ректорам, лицам, награждённым Премией Мира, или бывшим членам Нобелевского комитета. Предложения должны быть возвращены до 31 января года присуждения премии. Комитет номинирует около 300 возможных лауреатов. Имена номинантов публично не объявляются, и номинантам о факте выдвижения не сообщается. Вся информация о выдвижении на премию остаётся секретной в течение 50 лет. На текущий момент Нобелевский комитет сообщает в своем онлайн-архиве данные о номинантах по физиологии или медицине за 1901—1953 гг., физике, химии, и литературе за 1901—1966 гг., и премии мира за 1901—1967 гг. По этим данным, граждане 71 страны были номинированы на Нобелевскую премию хотя бы раз, при этом значительное число номинантов (более тысячи из одной страны) всего из четырёх стран: Соединенные Штаты Америки (4921), Федеративная Республика Германия (3429), Франция (2803), Соединенное Королевство (2125). В США университет с наибольшим числом номинантов — Гарвард (480), в Германии — Берлинский университет (366), во Франции — Институт Пастера (503), в Соединенном королевстве — Оксфордский университет (242).

Вручение премии
Процедуре награждения предшествует большая работа, которая ведётся круглый год многочисленными организациями по всему миру. В октябре лауреаты уже окончательно утверждаются и объявляются. Окончательный отбор лауреатов осуществляют Шведская Королевская академия наук, Шведская академия, Нобелевская ассамблея Каролинского института и Норвежский нобелевский комитет. Процедура награждения происходит ежегодно, 10 декабря, в столицах двух стран — Швеции и Норвегии. В Стокгольме премии в области физики, химии, физиологии или медицины, литературы и экономики вручаются королём Швеции, а в области защиты мира — председателем Норвежского нобелевского комитета — в Осло, в городской ратуше, в присутствии короля Норвегии и членов королевской семьи. Наряду с денежной премией, размер которой меняется в зависимости от дохода, полученного от Нобелевского Фонда, лауреатам вручается медаль с его изображением и диплом.

Первый Нобелевский банкет состоялся 10 декабря 1901 года одновременно с первым вручением премии.
В настоящее время банкет проводят в Голубом зале городской ратуши. На банкет приглашается 1300—1400 человек. Форма одежды — фраки и вечерние платья. В разработке меню принимают участие повара «Погребка ратуши» (ресторан при ратуше) и кулинары, когда-либо получавшие звание «Повар года». В сентябре три варианта меню дегустируются членами Нобелевского комитета, которые решают, что будет подаваться «к столу Нобеля». Всегда известен только десерт — мороженое, но до вечера 10 декабря никто, кроме узкого круга посвящённых, не знает, какого сорта.

Для Нобелевского банкета используется сервиз и скатерти со специально разработанным дизайном. На уголке каждой скатерти и салфетки выткан портрет Нобеля. Посуда ручной работы: по краю тарелки проходит полоса из трёх цветов шведского ампира — синий, зелёный и золото. В такой же гамме украшена ножка хрустального фужера. Сервиз для банкетов был заказан за 1,6 миллиона долларов к 90-летию Нобелевских премий в 1991 году. Он состоит из 6750 бокалов, 9450 ножей и вилок, 9550 тарелок и одной чайной чашки. Последняя — для принцессы Лилианы (1915—2013), которая не пила кофе. Чашка хранится в специальной красивой коробке из дерева с монограммой принцессы. Блюдце от чашки было похищено.

Столы в зале расставляют с математической точностью, а зал украшают 23 000 цветов, присылаемых из Сан-Ремо. Все движения официантов строго прохронометрированы с точностью до секунды. Например, торжественный внос мороженого занимает ровно три минуты с момента появления первого официанта с подносом в дверях до того, как последний из них встанет у своего стола. Подача других блюд занимает две минуты.

Ровно в 19 часов 10 декабря почётные гости во главе с королём и королевой спускаются по лестнице в Голубой зал, где уже сидят все приглашённые. Шведский король ведёт под руку Нобелевскую лауреатку, а если таковой не окажется — жену Нобелевского лауреата по физике. Первым произносится тост за Его Величество, вторым — в память Альфреда Нобеля. После этого раскрывается тайна меню. Меню напечатано мелким шрифтом на картах, приложенных к каждому месту, и украшено профилем Альфреда Нобеля в золотом тиснении. Во время всего ужина звучит музыка — приглашаются очень знаменитые музыканты, в их числе были Ростропович и Магнус Линдгрен (в 2003 году).

Банкет завершается выносом мороженого, увенчанного, как короной, шоколадной монограммой-вензелем «N». В 22:15 шведский король даёт знак к началу танцев в Золотом зале ратуши. В 1:30 гости расходятся.

Абсолютно все блюда из меню, начиная с 1901 года и далее, можно заказать в ресторане ратуши Стокгольма. Стоит такой обед немногим менее 200 долларов США. Ежегодно их заказывает 20 тысяч посетителей, и традиционно наибольшей популярностью пользуется меню последнего Нобелевского банкета.

Нобелевский концерт

Нобелевский концерт — одна из трёх составляющих Нобелевской недели наравне с вручением премий и Нобелевским ужином. Считается одним из главных музыкальных событий года европейских и главным музыкальным событием года скандинавских стран. В нём принимают участие самые видные классические музыканты современности.
Фактически нобелевских концертов два: один проводится 8 декабря каждого года в Стокгольме, второй — в Осло на церемонии вручения Нобелевской премии мира.

Эквиваленты Нобелевской премии
Многие области науки остались «неохваченными» Нобелевской премией. В связи с известностью и престижностью Нобелевских премий, наиболее престижные награды в других областях часто неформально называют «Нобелевскими».

Математика и информатика
Первоначально Нобель внёс математику в список наук, за которые присуждается премия, однако позже вычеркнул её, заменив премией мира. Достоверная причина неизвестна. С данным фактом связано много легенд, слабо подкреплённых фактами. Чаще всего это связывают с именем ведущего шведского математика того времени Миттаг-Леффлера, которого Нобель невзлюбил по каким-то причинам. Среди этих причин называют либо ухаживание математика за невестой Нобеля, либо то, что тот назойливо выпрашивал пожертвования на Стокгольмский Университет. Будучи одним из самых видных математиков Швеции того времени, Миттаг-Леффлер был и главным претендентом на эту самую премию.

Ещё одна версия: у Нобеля была возлюбленная, Анна Дезри, которая потом влюбилась во Франца Лемаржа и вышла за него замуж. Франц был сыном дипломата и в то время собирался стать математиком.

По словам директора исполнительного комитета Нобелевского фонда: «В архивах об этом нет ни слова. Скорее, математика просто не входила в сферу интересов Нобеля. Он завещал деньги на премии в близких ему областях». Таким образом, истории об уведённых невестах и насоливших математиках следует интерпретировать как легенды или анекдоты.

«Эквивалентами» Нобелевской премии по математике являются Филдсовская премия и Абелевская премия, в области информатики — Премия Тьюринга. Премия Абеля дополняет гуманитарную премию Хольберга.

Экономика

Неофициально так называют Премию Банка Швеции в экономических науках памяти Альфреда Нобеля. Премия учреждена Банком Швеции в 1969 году. В отличие от остальных премий, вручаемых на церемонии награждения Нобелевских лауреатов, средства для данной премии выделяются не из наследства Альфреда Нобеля. Поэтому вопрос о том, считать ли эту премию «истинно Нобелевской», является дискуссионным. Лауреат Нобелевской премии по экономике объявляется во второй понедельник октября; церемония вручения всех премий проходит в Стокгольме 10 декабря каждого года.

География
Международная географическая премия Вотрена Люда позиционирует себя как аналог Нобелевской премии в области географии. В этом контексте Премия Вотрена Люда часто упоминается в СМИ, а также в официальных источниках.

Музыка

Премия Polar Music Prize присуждается ежегодно за исключительные достижения в создании или продвижении музыкальных произведений. Обычно награждается один победитель от мира классической музыки и один представитель популярной. Как и сама Нобелевская премия, эта награда вручается лауреату в Стокгольме лично Королём Швеции Карлом XVI Густавом. Почесть целенаправленно учреждена в 1989 году бывшим продюсером и менеджером группы ABBA Стигом Андерсоном в качестве музыкального эквивалента Нобелевской премии. Сперва Андерсон обратился непосредственно в Фонд Нобеля, выразив готовность профинансировать создание официальной музыкальной номинации, но получил тактичный отказ. Тогда он основал специальный призовой фонд при Шведской королевской музыкальной академии. Награда впервые была вручена в 1992 году. С учётом подобных особенностей, Polar Music Prize неформально известна в прессе как «Нобелевская премия по музыке». Сумма выплат каждому победителю составляет 1 млн шведских крон (эквивалент примерно $120 тыс.).

Искусство
Ежегодно Его Императорское Высочество принц Хитати, почётный покровитель Ассоциации искусств Японии, вручает пять наград «Императорская премия (Praemium Imperiale)», которые, по его словам, восполняют пробел в номинациях Нобелевского комитета — специально разработанные медали, дипломы и денежные премии в пяти областях искусства: живопись, скульптура, архитектура, музыка, театр/кино. Вознаграждение составляет 15 миллионов йен, что равно 195 тысячам долларов.

Архитектура
За достижения в области архитектуры ежегодно присуждается Притцкеровская премия.

Критика

 Фактическое несоответствие завещанию в том, что согласно завещанию Нобеля, премия должна присуждаться за открытия, изобретения и достижения, сделанные в год присуждения. Ещё один повод для критики в том, что ряд учёных умирает раньше, чем их открытия или изобретения проходят необходимую для присуждения премии «проверку временем».
 Соответствие лауреатов премии по литературе официальным критериям её присуждения вызывало вопросы ещё в начале XX века.
 Американский астрофизик Брайан Китинг полагает, что Нобелевские премии в области науки отошли от первоначального замысла Альфреда Нобеля и могут препятствовать научному прогрессу, создавая ненужную, а иногда и разрушительную конкуренцию, ограничивая число лауреатов только тремя людьми. Китинг указывает также, что процесс присуждения Нобелевских премий несправедлив по отношению к женщинам и молодым учёным.
 Присуждение Антониу Эгаш Мониш в 1949 году Нобелевской премии по физиологии или медицине за лоботомию — крайне опасную и сейчас в большинстве стран запрещенную практику. В начале 21 века к Нобелевскому фонду раздавались призывы отменить премию, которую он присудил Монишу за разработку лоботомии, решение было названо поразительной ошибкой суждения, однако Фонд отказался принимать меры и продолжил размещать статью, защищающую результаты процедуры.

Спорные награждения
 Барак Обама, получивший премию мира с формулировкой «За выдающиеся усилия по укреплению международной дипломатии и сотрудничества между народами», был номинирован на премию не позже, чем через две недели после того, как стал президентом.

Неоднократное награждение
Премии (кроме премий мира) могут присуждаться только один раз, но в истории присуждения встречались немногочисленные исключения из этого правила.
Пять человек удостаивались Нобелевской премии дважды:
 Мария Склодовская-Кюри, по физике в 1903 и по химии в 1911.
 Лайнус Полинг, по химии в 1954 и премия мира в 1962.
 Джон Бардин, две премии по физике, в 1956 и 1972.
 Фредерик Сенгер, две премии по химии, в 1958 и 1980.
 Барри Шарплесс, две премии по химии, в 2001 и 2022.

Организации
 Международный комитет Красного Креста трижды удостаивался премии мира, в 1917, 1944 и 1963.
 Управление Верховного комиссара ООН по делам беженцев дважды получало премию мира, в 1954 и 1981.

Одна семья
В 1903 году Пьер Кюри и его супруга Мария Склодовская-Кюри получили Нобелевскую премию по физике. После смерти мужа, Мария в 1911 году получила вторую Нобелевскую премию — по химии. В 1935 году их старшая дочь Ирен Жолио-Кюри, совместно с супругом, Фредериком Жолио-Кюри, также получили Нобелевскую премию по химии. Таким образом, Ирен Жолио-Кюри — первый Нобелевский лауреат, которая являлась ребёнком предыдущих Нобелевских лауреатов.

Нобелевская премия в искусстве
 13 сентября 2008 на территории Днепропетровского университета экономики и права произошло открытие памятного знака — мемориального символа Планета Альфреда Нобеля. Знак представляет собой гранитный монумент, на котором расположена рука, поддерживающая земной шар. Вокруг него — шлейф, вьющийся за летящей фигуркой женщины, богини науки, разума и интеллекта. На земном шаре — барельефы 802 Нобелевских лауреатов, изготовленные из композитного сплава, полученного при утилизации боевых стратегических ракет на Южном машиностроительном заводе.
 В 2012 году вышел фильм шведского режиссёра  «Последнее завещание Нобеля» (), сюжет которого развивается вокруг убийства на банкете, посвящённом присуждению очередной Нобелевской премии.

Шнобелевская премия

Шно́белевские премии, Игнобельская премия, Антинобелевская премия () — пародия на Нобелевскую премию. Десять Шнобелевских премий вручаются в начале октября, то есть в то время, когда называются лауреаты настоящей Нобелевской премии, — за достижения, которые сначала вызывают смех, а потом заставляют задуматься (). Премия учреждена Марком Абрахамсом и юмористическим журналом «Анналы невероятных исследований».

См. также

 Список женщин-лауреатов Нобелевской премии
 Нобелевские премии по году вручения
 Список лауреатов Нобелевской премии по странам
 Список лауреатов Нобелевских премий по университетам
 Нобелевские лауреаты из России
 Филдсовская премия
 Премия Бальцана
 Шнобелевская премия
 Clarivate Citation Laureates
 Список нобелевских лауреатов из Франции
 :Категория:Списки лауреатов премий
 Список лауреатов Нобелевской премии мира
 Список лауреатов Нобелевской премии по литературе
 Список лауреатов Нобелевской премии по физике
 Список лауреатов Нобелевской премии по экономике
 Список лауреатов Нобелевской премии по физиологии или медицине
 Список лауреатов Нобелевской премии по химии

Примечания

Литература

 Валерий Чумаков. Нобели. Становление нефтяной промышленности в России. — М.: ЗАО «Бизнеском». — 2011. — 256 с. — (серия «Великие российские предприниматели», том 1) — ISBN 978-5-91663-084-8

Ссылки
 Официальный сайт
 Nobel Prizes by Universities and Institutes

Появились в 1901 году
Премии Швеции
Премии Норвегии
1901 год в Швеции

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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text:
Q: Flash Builder 4.5, SecurityError: Error #3207 for flickr api I built this nifty little weather/clock app as a way of learning to work with API's and incorporates both the yahoo weather api and the flickr api. Now that it is in functioning order, I decided I would port it over to a playbook app via a Flash Builder 4.4 ActionScript Mobile project. I was able to get it installed on the playbook simulator just fine however when the app launched it showed a blank stage. After several hours of research I determined it was a runtime error.
After several more hours of research I found it was a security error when making a call out to the flickr api. The debugger reports the following error:

SecurityError: Error #3207: Application-sandbox content cannot access this feature.
        at flash.system::Security$/allowDomain()
        at global$init()[C:\Users\poorpaddy\Adobe Flash Builder 4.5\Scripts\flickrGrabber.as:43]
        at Weather/addGrabberEvents()[C:\Users\poorpaddy\Adobe Flash Builder 4.5\Weather\src\Weather.as:36]
        at Weather()[C:\Users\poorpaddy\Adobe Flash Builder 4.5\Weather\src\Weather.as:22]

I have tried several examples of
Security.allowDomain(FLICKR_URL);
Security.loadPolicyFile(CROSSDOMAIN_URL);

Without any luck. Here is my flickrGrabber class.
    package {
    import flash.display.Bitmap;
    import flash.events.ErrorEvent;
    import flash.events.EventDispatcher;
    import flash.display.Loader;
    import flash.events.Event;
    import flash.events.ErrorEvent;
    import flash.events.IOErrorEvent;
    import com.adobe.webapis.flickr.events.FlickrResultEvent;
    import com.adobe.webapis.flickr.*;
    import flash.net.URLRequest;
    import flash.system.Security;
    import flash.system.LoaderContext;
    //

    public class flickrGrabber extends EventDispatcher {
        private const FLICKR_URL:String = "flickr.com";
        private const CROSSDOMAIN_URL:String = "http://api.flickr.com/crossdomain.xml";
        private var imageLoader:Loader
        //
        private var fs:FlickrService;
        private var activeUser:User;
        private var photoList:PagedPhotoList
        private var constrainWidth:Number;
        private var constainHeight:Number;
        private var photoPosition:Number = 0;
        private var flickrSource:String;
        private var searchType:String;
        private var doUserSearch:Boolean;
        private var userData:User;
        private var activePhoto:Photo;
        private var otherDataRecieved:Boolean;

        public function flickrGrabber(parentWidth:Number, parentHeight:Number, api:String, secret:String, flickrSearchTerm:String, searchByUser:Boolean = false) {
            constrainWidth = parentWidth;
            constainHeight = parentHeight;
            flickrSource = flickrSearchTerm
            doUserSearch = searchByUser;
            //
            imageLoader = new Loader();
            imageLoader.contentLoaderInfo.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, onImageReady);
            imageLoader.contentLoaderInfo.addEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, onImageError);
            //
            Security.allowDomain(FLICKR_URL);
            Security.loadPolicyFile(CROSSDOMAIN_URL);
            //
            fs = new FlickrService(api);
            //
            fs.addEventListener(FlickrResultEvent.AUTH_GET_FROB, hGetFrob);
            fs.addEventListener(FlickrResultEvent.PHOTOS_GET_SIZES, recievePhotoSize);
            fs.addEventListener(FlickrResultEvent.PEOPLE_GET_INFO, recieveUserInfo);
            fs.addEventListener(FlickrResultEvent.PEOPLE_FIND_BY_USERNAME, userSearchResults);
            fs.addEventListener(FlickrResultEvent.PEOPLE_GET_PUBLIC_PHOTOS, recievePhotoList);
            fs.addEventListener(FlickrResultEvent.PHOTOS_SEARCH , recievePhotoList);
            //
            fs.secret = secret;
            //
            fs.auth.getFrob();
        }
        private function hGetFrob(evt:FlickrResultEvent):void {
            if (evt.success) {
                if (doUserSearch){
                    fs.people.findByUsername(flickrSource);
                }else {
                    fs.photos.search("", flickrSource, "any", "", null, null, null, null, -1, "", 100, 1, "interestingness-desc");
                }
            } else {
                reportError("Error obtaining Frob from flickr");
            }
        }
        private function userSearchResults(evt:FlickrResultEvent):void {
            if (evt.success) {
                activeUser = evt.data.user;
                fs.people.getPublicPhotos(activeUser.nsid);
            } else {
                reportError("Count not find specified user name");
            }
        }
        private function recievePhotoList(evt:FlickrResultEvent):void {
            photoList = evt.data.photos as PagedPhotoList;
            if (photoList.total > 0){
                dispatchEvent(new Event("flickrConnectionReady", false));
            } else {
                reportError("No results recieved for user/search");
            }
        }
        public function loadNextImage():void {
            activePhoto = photoList.photos[photoPosition];
            otherDataRecieved = false;
            fs.people.getInfo(activePhoto.ownerId);
            fs.photos.getSizes(activePhoto.id);
            //
            if (photoPosition+1 > photoList.photos.length-1) {
                photoPosition = 0;
            } else {
                photoPosition ++
            }
        }
        private function recieveUserInfo(evt:FlickrResultEvent):void {
            userData = evt.data.user as User;
            checkReadyStatus();
        }
        private function recievePhotoSize(evt:FlickrResultEvent):void {
            if (evt.success){
                var sizeArr:Array = evt.data.photoSizes;
                var sizeObject:PhotoSize = sizeArr[i];
                //Pull the photo that is closest to the target size.
                for (var i:int = 0; i < sizeArr.length; i++) {
                    sizeObject = sizeArr[i];
                    if (sizeObject.width > constrainWidth || sizeObject.height > constainHeight) {
                        break;
                    }
                }
                imageLoader.load(new URLRequest(sizeObject.source), new LoaderContext(true));
            } else {
                reportError("Photo sizes were not recieved");
            }
        }
        private function checkReadyStatus():void {
            if (otherDataRecieved) {
                dispatchEvent(new Event("imageReady"));
            } else {
                otherDataRecieved = true;
            }
        }
        //
        private function onImageReady(evt:Event):void {
            try {
                var imageAlias:Bitmap = imageLoader.content as Bitmap;
            } catch (e:Error) {
                reportError("Returned image was not a proper bitmap: " + imageLoader.loaderInfo.url);
            }
            checkReadyStatus();
        }
        private function onImageError(evt:IOErrorEvent):void {
            reportError("Error loading image: " + imageLoader.loaderInfo.url);
        }
        public function get image():Bitmap {
            return imageLoader.content as Bitmap;
        }
        public function get imageTitle():String {
            return activePhoto.title;
        }
        public function get imageAuthor():String {
            return userData.fullname;
        }
        private function reportError(errorString:String):void {
            dispatchEvent(new ErrorEvent("flickrGrabberError", false, false, errorString));
        }
    }
}

And here is my DocumentClass / Weather.as that references the flickerGRabber class.
    package
{
    import flash.display.MovieClip;
    import flickrGrabber;
    import flash.events.*;

    public class Weather extends MovieClip
    {

        private var apiKey:String = "###removed for this posting###";
        private var apiSecret:String = "###removed for this posting###";
        public var flickrLocationName:String = "San Diego";
        private var grabber:flickrGrabber;
        private var la:LoadAnimation = new LoadAnimation;
        public var backgroundClip:MovieClip;
        private var clock:ClockObject = new ClockObject;
        public var foreCast:WeatherObject = new WeatherObject;
        private var settingsPanel:KeyboardObject = new KeyboardObject;

        public function Weather()
        {
            addGrabberEvents();
            clock.x = 492;
            clock.y = 375;
            addChild(clock);
            foreCast.x = 27;
            foreCast.y = 12;
            addChild(foreCast);
            settingsPanel.x = 38;
            settingsPanel.y = 28;
            addChild(settingsPanel);
        }

        public function addGrabberEvents():void
        {
            grabber = new flickrGrabber(1024,600,apiKey,apiSecret,flickrLocationName,false);
            grabber.addEventListener("imageReady", onLoadedImage);
            grabber.addEventListener("flickrGrabberError", onErrorImage);
            grabber.addEventListener("flickrConnectionReady", onFlickrReady);
        }
        public function onFlickrReady(evt:Event):void
        {
            la.x = stage.stageWidth - (la.width + 20);
            la.y = 20;
            addChild(la);
            grabber.loadNextImage();
        }
        public function onLoadedImage(evt:Event):void
        {
            backgroundClip = new MovieClip();
            addChildAt(backgroundClip,0);
            backgroundClip.addChild(grabber.image);
            removeChild(la);
        }
        public function removeMe(e:MouseEvent):void
        {
            removeChild(backgroundClip);
            addGrabberEvents();
            settingsPanel.closeKeyboard(null);
            settingsPanel.keyBoardPanel.statusMessage.msg_txt.text = ""
            settingsPanel.keyBoardPanel.zipCodeEntry.zipCodeTxt.text = ""
        }

        public function onErrorImage(evt:ErrorEvent):void
        {
            trace("Report error: " + evt.text);
        }

    }
}

Your assistance would be very much appreciated I've been stuck for a couple days.

A: Argh. I spent many hours trying to refactor the code or look for something I was missing. It turns out all I have to do was remove the two lines.
Security.allowDomain(FLICKR_URL);
Security.loadPolicyFile(CROSSDOMAIN_URL);

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Liolaemus fittkaui is a species of lizard in the family  Liolaemidae. The species is endemic to Bolivia.

Etymology
The specific name, fittkaui, is in honor of German herpetologist Ernst Josef Fittkau.

Geographic range
L. fittkaui is found in Cochabamba Department, Bolivia.

References

fittkaui
Reptiles described in 1986
Reptiles of Bolivia
Taxa named by Raymond Laurent


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text:
How CSU Global Designs for Inclusive Online Education from the Start
E-Learning | News
Lore Redesigns Social Learning Platform
By Tim Sohn
Lore, previously called Coursekit, has redesigned its learning platform for colleges and universities that emphasizes social networking. This is the first in a number of changes that will be released over the summer.
Coursekit was launched in December 2011 by three former Three former University of Pennsylvania students. It uses a Facebook-like interface and lets students and instructors share resources. The interface gives users the option of posting a status update; a link; media (upload photos, link to video, or upload audio); files; questions; or blogs. It also lets users like or comment on posts, with the ability to search all posts, search just student posts, or search just instructor posts. Users can also search by event, theme, type, or month. In addition, Coursekit lets users chat in real-time through instant messaging.
In April, the company began rebranding itself with a new image and company name, Lore.
Features of the new version of Lore include:
The option for professors to make courses open to the public to audit;
Profiles for all students, which allows them to include background information, academic honors, career goals, photos, etc.;
A social network stream that integrates conversation, and calendar, though which students can see class and exam times, assignment due dates, etc. Students can also submit assignments through the calendar;
A class library through Smart Stacks, which automatically adds books, links, and other documents and media. Students will use drag-and-drop functionality to build collections, and cover images will be automatically chosen; and
A new gradebook, which has automatic grade calculations. Students' photos are shown next to their names in the gradebook.
In addition, professors can provide students with feedback on assignments in a conversation stream next to assignments in the platform.
For more information, visit lore.com.
Tim Sohn is a 10-year veteran of the news business, having served in capacities from reporter to editor-in-chief of a variety of publications including Web sites, daily and weekly newspapers, consumer and trade magazines, and wire services. He can be reached at [email protected] and followed on Twitter @editortim.
Oregon State University Pioneers a Move to the Cloud
2 Essentials That Can Accelerate The Shift To Containers


As he walked down the path through the fresh fallen snow.
With thoughts of his past, a chill made him feel cold.
He walked further on and after a while.
All his memories of good things brought his face to a smile.
His eyes were still bright, yet looked heavy and tired.
As he looked all around, at this place he admired.
At the place where he lived most all of his life.
Were once he had family and a sweet loving wife.
His children all grown and had moved far away.
And he lost his dear wife, when the angels came that day.
That's where he was going, on that cold winters night.
To kneel by the grave, of his sweet loving wife.
For a moment he's lost, forgot how to get there.
As tears came to his eyes and froze in the cold air.
He asked for a sign, for he just could not tell.
If only he heard those steeple bells.
Then he would know what direction to go.
As he pushed himself forward, ever so slow.
To give him the strength left, to reach his sweet love.
He had to reach her with no selfish act.
Was then that he knew, he was not coming back.
The sign that he asked for came with a bright light.
As he watched while he cried, it was his sweet loving wife.
She came with the angels, her arms reaching forth.
As they embraced in the arms of this heavenly worth.
Now forever together, they turned back and could tell.
It was the miracle of music from the church steeple bells.
WHAT WE NEED IN THIS HEAT….!


HOME » Your Questions Answered » General Questions » Is urineFREE safe to use around animals?
urineFREE is a safe, mild to use urine remover that contains no harsh ingredients, so using it around animals and people in the home is not a problem. Of course, never spray urineFREE directly on animals or humans.


South Africa's president, Jacob Zuma, celebrated his government's achievements in his sixth State of the Nation address. How did he fare?
Kgalema Motlanthe has claimed that the percentage of households with children that have gone hungry "at some point" has fallen from "over 25%" in 1994 to 6.5% in 2012. The claim is incorrect.
An official curriculum vitae for Thandi Modise, the controversial Premier of South Africa's North West province, contains a number of false claims and glaring factual inaccuracies, Africa Check has discovered.
You don't need pills to treat depression. That is the startling claim made recently in the lifestyle section of a prominent South African news website and at least two weekend newspapers. But the claim is a gross simplification of a complex issue.
Jacob Zuma has hailed the matric pass rate as a "significant improvement". But is the education system "on the right track"? As we discovered, matric results are not a reliable barometer of education quality.
Time to look back at some of the reports we published this year as we sifted fact from fiction, debunked urban myths, exposed dodgy data, investigated promises and claims by politicians and presidents and highlighted factual inaccuracies in media reports.
South Africa's National Empowerment Fund says that 12,000 jobs were "sustained" over two years during the production of the film, Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom. But the claim is false.
A Facebook post that went viral in 2013 made a series of claims about how South Africa has changed since 1994. Africa Check tested the evidence.
Do 80% of South Africans regularly consult traditional healers? Do most black South Africans choose traditional healers over medical doctors and primary healthcare facilities? The claims are false. And as we discovered, with a little sleuthing, they stem from a book published thirty years ago.


text:
The Sky Has No Limits
Enthusiasts around the world share your same burning passion for aviation, a collective obsession that's at the beating heart of EAA.
Safety Wire Articles
2017 Spirit of Flight Award Winner
August 25, 2017 - FAA manager and EAA member Mark Giron received the Spirit of Flight Award during AirVenture. The Spirit of Flight Award, sponsored by the Society of Experimental Test Pilots, is presented annually to an EAA member who best exemplifies the spirit of research, development or flight test.
Mark Giron was instrumental in the development and roll out of the new Additional Pilot Program for FAA required Phase I flight testing. Mark and the General Aviation Operations Branch (AFS-830), were the FAA owners of the collaborative effort between EAA and FAA. Mark himself owned an RV-6 and has been an active member of the general aviation community. He foresaw the revolutionary impact achieving this significant flight test reform would have on the homebuilt (E-AB) community. Mark was not only supportive, but added a key perspective from the agency that helped us achieve a new policy and AC in near record time. From concept to completion, the program took less than 18 months.
Mark spent countless hours working through the details that each of the experts contributed and ensured it all flowed together into a workable set of parameters. Mark personally ran the scenarios over and over to ensure that our new qualification matrix made sense and worked correctly no matter what type of pilot was using the program. Mark's personal ownership and dedication is a major reason the outcome of the Additional Pilot Program policy and accompanying Advisory Circular, AC 90-116, was so successful.
Said Tom Turner, an aviation safety professional, "I'm writing to thank you for the excellent work you did that permits an Experimental/Amateur Built airplane builder/pilot to take along an experienced, type-qualified pilot in the early flight test process … what [the developers of the Additional Pilot Program] have done made this massive safety enhancement possible."
Mark also helped to develop the transition training letter of deviation authority (LODA) process, which helps new pilots of amateur-built aircraft obtain training in type before their first flight in a new aircraft.
Mark is a regular attendee at AirVenture and continues to be dedicated to supporting the E-AB movement both personally and professionally at the FAA.
From the DAR Side
FAA Experimental Fatal Accident Dashboard
Technical Counselor, Flight Advisor Forms Go Electronic, AirVenture, and Privatization
Program Updates – Please Read
Mentors Needed for EAA Founder's Innovation Prize


The state's annual tab for teacher pensions may go up by an estimated $420 million, after the pension board lowered its expectations last Friday for how much its investments will earn.
Basically, the worse you think your investments will do, the more you have to put in up front.
It's a problem other states are recognizing too. "What Illinois is doing is totally consistent with what's going on all over the country," says Chris Berry, who teaches public policy at the University of Chicago.
He says recent academic research—and the 2008 financial crisis—have contributed to the trend.


text:
Ивановское — село в Череповецком районе Вологодской области.

Входит в состав Воскресенского сельского поселения (с 1 января 2006 года по 8 апреля 2009 года было центром Ивановского сельского поселения), с точки зрения административно-территориального деления — центр Ивановского сельсовета.

Расстояние до районного центра Череповца по автодороге — 48 км, до центра муниципального образования Воскресенского по прямой — 7 км. Ближайшие населённые пункты — Старое Захарово, Новое Захарово, Заосечье.

По переписи 2002 года население — 379 человек (169 мужчин, 210 женщин). Преобладающая национальность — русские (99 %).

Примечания

Ссылки

  в реестре населённых пунктов Вологодской области

Населённые пункты Череповецкого района


text:
Reporter's Notebook
OMB shows its IT policy hand in 2019 budget request
By Jason Miller @jmillerWFED
Office of Management and Budget Director Mick Mulvaney may have said it best during his Feb. 12 press conference about the fiscal 2019 budget request: "I'm going to deal, up front, with the question that everybody wants to ask — and I don't know who would've gotten a chance to ask it first — is this dead on arrival? That's the popular question that everybody asks. In fact, they were asking it this morning on television. And the answer is absolutely not. It simply highlights the fact that this is a messaging document. The executive budget has always been a messaging document."
And that is no more true than in the world of federal IT. The actual requests for federal IT spending are nice to know, but OMB has used the budget process over the last 15 years to publicize to agencies and contractors their policy priorities.
A perfect example in OMB's prospectus on federal IT is around IT modernization where the administration is requesting $210 million for the Technology Modernization Fund.
But if you dig deeper into that section, you will find out how OMB plans to turn that $210 million request into an IT modernization progress.
Insight by Zendesk: VA, GSA and the Education Department will explore how agencies are dealing with the new customer service imperative in this free webinar.
"In fiscal 2019, the administration will continue driving federal governmentwide adoption of the Technology Business Management (TBM) framework and release implementation guidance to agencies," OMB writes in the budget section on IT. "This will increase the strategic value of IT and empower chief information officers (CIOs) to better support agency missions through more effective IT management. The TBM framework is a powerful tool that can enhance Federal Information Technology Acquisition Reform Act (FITARA) implementation by helping agency CIOs better understand, manage and demonstrate value from the money spent on IT resources. This will also help the government benchmark IT spending, improve acquisitions and procurement practices, and better understand IT investment costs, providing an opportunity to improve budgeting for IT."
The General Services Administration requested $1.5 million to help pay for four full-time employees to create a TBM program management office to help with the further implementation by coordinating across the government.
Todd Tucker, the vice president of research, standards and education for the TBM Council, said a small office of just four employees can have a big impact.
"We've seen this with Washington State where a small group in the central technology services who are responsible for the program. They worked with about 44 agencies and have done amazing things to adopt TBM and make better decisions," Tucker said. "Many times it's more complicated than it should be when it comes to using TBM. It's an analytics driven exercise where you are using data sets to understand the costs of IT services or applications."
In the federal sector, the Education Department is one agency that is ahead of the pack in using TBM.
Jason Gray, the Education CIO, said the TBM tool to ingest data received its authority to operate recently.
"We are configuring it and tweaking it so the tool provides reports and information that we need," Gray said. "We have a core financial management system that falls under the CIO, so we have all the data sets we need to get started. A lot of the effort will be tweaking the data fields and tables and making sure it's giving us what we want. We know it is an iterative process and we may need more granularity."
Gray said he's starting with TBM by applying TBM standards to his $120 million budget, and then over time as they improve the processes, Education will expand the use of TBM to other spending data.
Read more Reporter's Notebook news.
"Over the last 2 ½ months since we started, we have our 'to-be' environment done and the cost transparency of what we are spending money on," he said. "The next phase is making smarter and more efficient decisions to save money, reduce risk and make sure our systems are the right systems. Then, the third phase is going into more of a value-add where we will make sure every single system is providing value add to the department. We want to directly tie the cost to what is spent to what is performed and demonstrated value. I see our phased approach to TBM."
Tucker pointed to Education, GSA and the Environmental Protection Agency as a few of the agencies that are taking advantage of TBM already.
But GSA's program management office could help those agencies that are just in the initial stages.
"We would love to see GSA start establishing some TBM-related services that other agencies could benefit from," Tucker said. "Whether it is delivering TBM analytics for other agencies or professional services to help those agencies adopt it on their own or improve what they have in place, there is a lot that this small team can do."
Tucker added over the last year the council trained 400 employees or contractors for federal agencies from every civilian and Defense agency at the departmental level and many components.
"It's been really good to see that kind of traction, education and awareness," he said. "That's not adoption, but there are many who have engaged in TBM. There is a community of practice as well that was established for TBM through the CIO Council."
MGT and IT dashboard changes
Through the budget, OMB also detailed initial guidance for the Modernizing Government Technology (MGT) Act.
"The TMF pioneers a new model for federal technology modernization projects. Agencies must apply to and compete for TMF funds," the budget request states. "Effective evaluation, selection, and monitoring of approved projects by the TMF board will provide strong incentives for agencies to develop comprehensive, high quality modernization plans. Agencies will provide plans that meet key criteria defined by the TMF board, which will likely include: having a high probability of success, a strong team, and a substantial impact on mission and citizen service delivery. Funds will be distributed in an incremental manner, tied to milestones and objectives."
Want to stay up to date with the latest federal news and information from all your devices? Download the revamped Federal News Network app
Part of that $210 million request is for $1.4 million for a MGT program office with six employees.
While there is much uncertainty around the $210 million request — Congress hasn't yet supported the $228 million request for fiscal 2018 — the value of the MGT Act will come from each agency's working capital fund.
Education's Gray said while the agency has to wait for further OMB guidance before setting up its fund, he knows there is money to be found.
"We have looked for extra funding and the opportunities to do modernization without additional funding. We have numerous systems with development, modernization and enhancement efforts ongoing and now we have a picture of those efforts. For example, should we really be spending money to enhance five systems when we could take enhancement funding from four systems and put them into one and then sunset the other four systems? I had a meeting a few weeks ago with our CFO, so we've have had some discussions internally. I think we are closely aligned with what we need to do to leverage the MGT Act."
Gray said Education also was one of several agencies who participated in a pilot program of sorts with OMB for how to apply for the centralized fund.
He said Education went to OMB a few weeks ago to discuss its opportunities for modernization.
"Now that we have a complete and comprehensive view of our 'as-is' environment, we can visually show, for instance, how we are using the cloud," Gray said. "We have a contractor-owned, contractor-operated externally hosted commercial and government cloud environment. Through this system assessment and visualization, it showed me the breadth of the cloud we have and the opportunities to consolidate."
Gray said if Education can reduce and consolidate the number of cloud services it's using, he could use that money for other modernization projects as well as reduce the threat of cyber attacks.
The spirit and intent of the MGT Act is to get agencies to stop spending so much on legacy systems. OMB estimated in budget request that spending on operations and maintenance will rise to 80 percent next year.
But more importantly, federal IT programs are experiencing more challenges.
"The IT Dashboard shows slight decreases in the general health of IT investments across government, as denoted by the decreased proportion of CIO-rated "Green" ("Low Risk" to "Moderately Low Risk") investments on the IT Dashboard, which comprised 58 percent of all rated investments in 2018 compared to 79 percent in 2012 (assessments based on total life cycle of investments)," the budget states.
Acquisition Services Fund to rise
GSA expects agencies to spend more money through its schedules and assisted acquisition services program in 2019, and that in turn could give a boost to the IT modernization initiatives.
So much so that it is alerting Congress that it expects the ASF to increase by $536 million to $13.2 billion, and 132 more employees for a total of 3,454 above 2018 levels.
GSA says it expects agencies to spend $712 million more on assisted acquisitions and $11 million more related to increased use of the Human Capital and Training Solutions (HCaTS) governmentwide acquisition contract and the continued implementation of the One Acquisition Solution for Integrated Services (OASIS) GWAC.
GSA also expects the Technology Transformation Service, including the 18F organization, to move into the black with $447,000 of net operating revenue. This comes after TTS is expected to have lost more than $12 million in 2017 and $2.8 million in 2018. The GSA IG reported in 2016 that 18F wouldn't cover its expenses until 2019 and lost about $32 million between 2014 and 2016.
GSA said it expects to spend $10.8 million on 18F in 2018 and $10 million in 2019.
TTS and 18F are slated to play important roles in the administration's IT modernization effort, including creating Centers of Excellence that, like 18F, will be fee-for-service organizations dependent on the ASF for startup funding.
"GSA has implemented significant changes in the management approach for 18F to improve the operations of individual business units and TTS as a whole. In addition, TTS has implemented all OIG recommendations," GSA wrote in its budget justification document. "The Federal Acquisition Service is monitoring the pipeline of actual and potential work orders to ensure that expenses are managed and the workforce is utilized efficiently. Resources are added only when there is assurance of future work and a corresponding need for capacity expansion. Orders, pipeline status, utilization, and expenses are all closely monitored on a weekly and monthly basis. These processes are steps towards achieving cost recovery."
GSA has used the ASF to build up and support TTS and 18F, and now as the Centers of Excellence effort get started it will be interesting to see whether the administration decides to use these funds as startup capital, especially considering the ASF is expected to grow in 2019.
Read more of the Reporter's Notebook.
Jason Miller is executive editor of Federal News Network and directs news coverage on the people, policy and programs of the federal government.
Follow @jmillerWFED
Why the president's 2019 budget request was more of a 'policy document' than anything else
Budget Read more
White House's management agenda to help with 'deep-seated transformation' effort
GSA's 18F struggling to pay back start-up funding
Agency Oversight Read more
USDS, 18F, CoEs: The alphabet soup of IT modernization
Reporter's Notebook Read more
18F 2019 budget Acquisition Services Fund All News Cloud Computing Digital Government Education Department General Services Administration IT Modernization Jason Gray Management Modernizing Government Technology Act Office of Management and Budget Reporter's Notebook Reporter's Notebook TBM Council Technology Technology Business Management Technology Transformation Service Todd Tucker


At Town & City Management, we are continually looking for new ways to serve our clients and to make communications between all parties easier and more efficient.
As your managing agents, we are keen to keep closely in touch with all our leaseholders, developers and tenants remotely, so that we can impart important information to you (such as latest management accounts, invoices, statements and latest information on maintenance and repairs for your building) and to give you a new channel for you to keep us up to date with what is happening at your property. The sooner we know about any issues that you may be experiencing, the sooner we can help you.
So, to this end, over the next few months we will be launching new online management portal, to help you keep in touch with us and for us to keep in touch with you even more easily than before.
This new state-of-the-art portal tool, especially created for Town & City Management by Dwellant, is designed to ease communication between managing agents, contractors and leaseholders to simplify task management and to store important documents centrally and securely.
For leaseholders and contractors, it offers an opportunity to log any faults at your property which we can action upon receipt. It enables leaseholders to be able to log into a secure account to view accounts and pay their service charge bills online. The portal also presents an opportunity to store and access budget accounts, minutes, insurance certificates and invoices for your building securely within the cloud, so that they are easily accessible to all who need them, and centrally stored.
We shall be introducing the new portal at all our properties over the next few months. With each property that we manage, it is our intention to upload the last two to three years the of important documents so that everything our contractors and leaseholders need is in one place.


"Autumn turns to winter, And winter turns to spring.
It doesn't go just for seasons you know, it goes for everything.
Who you are and what you're gonna be.
A little bit of living, a little bit of growing all adds up to you.
Then here's what you can do.
It is the Advent season, a time of change, a time of preparation, a time of transformation, a time of hope. When God comes to us in any meaningful sense, things happen. The world we know and our image of ourselves – all of this must be transformed. God intervenes not to help us with our lives but to remake them.
repent, to have our minds hearts and lives changed.
John the Baptist tells us that we must repent and change our lives. We cannot remain the same but must seek to grow and be transformed and become closer to God through a stronger faith. If we want to reach our destiny, this is what we need to do.
You see, it turns out that God has a job for us to do. We must become the people God created us to be. God not only commands our repentance, but God also came among us to bring it about.
God has also been present among us in other ways. Change is not always easy but many times through change we can grow. January 1 there will be some changes for Fennimore UMC. The Wisconsin Conference of the United Methodist Church is realigning our churches based upon location and school districts, thus Fennimore and Stitzer will become a two-point charge. I will be serving both churches and we will also have an Associate Pastor appointed by the Conference who will begin serving also January 1.
This is a work in progress and the leaders of both churches have been meeting and will continue to meet as we work toward how we can be in ministry together. It is an exciting time and there is no doubt that God is at work. What can you do? Pray for God's guidance and pray for the Good News to continue to transform us and our communities.


Customer satisfaction is an indicator to describe how the product or service is perceived by the customer and how it meets the expectations.
Monitoring the customer satisfaction trends over time provides us correlations between changes in organization and in the customer satisfaction index.
Customer satisfaction is the foundation of every finance decision giving us the direction where to invest our time and resources.


text:
Handmade Guitars
My goal is to create an instrument with the tonal beauty and complexity to viscerally draw and hold the listener's attention to the player's interpretation of the music at hand. At its best a guitar can possess a broad palette of timbres producible in a fairly wide dynamic range. The notes should have clear separation in a chord, so that changes in the inner voices in a progression are distinct. The basses should have a strong fundamental component, and the trebles enough natural reverberation for a sustaining, singing quality. Yet all these abstract qualifications are just so much hot air if the guitar's sonority doesn't suck you in and make you want to keep listening or playing.
I favor light construction, fairly shallow bodies, and thin finishes. My steel string guitars are loud and clear, with basses as strong as much larger instruments while retaining a broad selection of tonal colors and a wide dynamic range. I think it's important to recognize that mature steel string guitarists play as subtlety as a classical colorist, but only on instruments capable of the sophisticated response to technique found on the best handmade classical guitars.
My classical guitars are more articulate and singing rather than big and punchy. The basses have a strong fundamental with good definition, the trebles more clear and crystalline than fat and round. Changes in dynamics, angle of attack, and hand position produce distinctly different sounds. I think classical guitar design in particular falls prey to the quest for greater volume at the expense of the most beautiful qualities of the instrument. Over 99% of concerts are played for less than 2000 people, and in such a setting a clear, well spoken guitar properly played will reach just as many people at the back of the hall as a coarser "cannon" that blusters so impressively in its immediate vicinity.
I have very definite ideas on what characteristics make a beautiful sounding, versatile guitar and am quite consistent in my approach from instrument to instrument. While I don't believe my guitars are necessarily the best for everyone, I don't alter my sonic design to "suit the individual player's needs". This chameleon approach rarely produces superior instruments. Historically the best guitars have been made by makers with a clear personal vision backed by the craftsmanship and commitment to insure consistency.
I do, however, think that the dimensions ensuring playing ease vary from player to player and, within reasonable parameters, can alter string scale and spacing and neck width and shape to meet individual requirements.
Both my steel string and classical guitars are made with European spruce or Western red cedar tops and backs and sides of either East Indian, Honduras, or Brazilian rosewood.


Nearly one in three Texas manufacturers calls Houston home.
In '17, manufacturing accounted for $82.6 billion, or 16.9 percent, of the Houston MSA's gross domestic product, according to the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis. Nondurable goods represented 69.3 percent of the manufacturing total.
In '17, Houston's nondurable goods manufacturing GDP ranked first among U.S. metros. The region's total manufacturing GDP ranked second, behind Los Angeles and ahead of Chicago.
Manufacturing employment in the Houston MSA average 219,160 in '17 with total wages of $4.773 billion. Fabricated metals product manufacturing accounted for 21.9 percent of total manufacturing employment; machinery manufacturing, 19.0 percent; and chemical manufacturing, 17.5 percent.
Between '12 and '17, manufacturing employment in the Houston region declined by 9.8 percent from 243,011 workers to 219,160, respectively. Also during this period, total wages decreased slightly by 1.8 percent from $4.878 billion to $4.791 billion.


By Sharon S. Esonis, Ph. D.
There is a hidden source of power or pain that often goes unaddressed by many individuals. Truth is, Expectations can have a far-reaching impact on how people live their lives and the goodies they reap along the way. Expectations are assumptions about the future – what will occur or what should occur – and they can profoundly influence your relationships, your self-confidence, your happiness and your ability to navigate your path in life.
What a huge mistake it is to ignore, deny or simply cling to expectations that have little or nothing to do with how things really work. Expecting too little or too much, or expecting inappropriate things of ourselves, other people in our lives and the world in which we live, can cause utter chaos and confusion. Such a thorny maze!
Unrealistic expectations can set you up for disappointment, ineffective behavior and even depression. Expectation minus reality = frustration! Changing your expectations to those that are smart and adaptable will serve you well and is not as difficult as you might imagine. Doing so involves paying particular attention to reality and possibility, flexibly negotiating the two again and again. By choosing carefully, your expectations can lead to powerful plans and behavior.
It's not going to happen, no matter who you are or how hard you try to make it so. Expecting to be something that's impossible is a straight shot to trouble and disappointment. It consumes so much energy to follow this particular brand of dead-end thinking. You can be excellent, but not perfect, at some chosen goals and just plain mediocre at others that don't matter much at all. Make the decision to be selective about what endeavors merit your finest efforts, and then plan to revel in your accomplishments, even the ones that may fall short of the mark.
I have witnessed the emotional turmoil of too many people who have this particular belief system with its ridiculous expectations. Believing that only one outcome (the perfect one!) is acceptable is incompatible with emotional health and creative living.
Think about it for a moment. If something has to be done to a tee, there's not much room for exploration, discovery, spontaneity and joy. Costly, debilitating and not much fun! Keep in mind that the perfectionist is worried about all the details of the outcome. That's a powerful way to put out the fire and marginalize whatever gains you make. This also makes it hard to be open to unexpected and/or disguised opportunities.
If you live by the misguided philosophy that goals and dreams should be achieved without incurring any difficulties or stumbling blocks, let me encourage you to get acquainted with what really goes on in this world.
When you don't anticipate that intervening twists of fate will occur (and they inevitably do), you put yourself into a reactive, helpless mode. This approach, often laced with disappointment and disillusionment, can put a dent in your self-confidence and lead you down a road to the blame game. Your energy becomes directed at blaming someone or something: yourself, your luck, the weather or any person within striking distance. What a colossal waste of momentum! Instead of getting on with things, your persistence takes a real hit.
Adopt a winning strategy for normalizing life's curve balls as just part of the game; expect them, look for the silver lining in each one. Jon Kabat-Zinn, psychologist and expert in Mindfulness-Based Stress Management, suggests, "You can't stop the waves, but you can learn to surf." Be an optimist who sees the possibilities in every mishap and shapes her expectations accordingly.
If you expect success in a time frame of your choosing, you may well be in for a large dose of disappointment. More often than not, things just take longer than you prefer – just one more of life's pesky realities. In this fast-paced world with so many things immediately available, it's no wonder people get all mixed up on this one. You may feel entitled to have your dream today without all the wear and tear – an expectation of quick, easy results. This often differs markedly from what will actually happen. The healthy thing to do is to develop flexible, realistic expectations regarding the time variable.
We're often held hostage by the way others see us and expect us to behave. By caring too much about what other people think is right for you, you may lose sight of what really matters. When it comes to your potential and fondest desires, other people may understand and support you, or may be clueless, or may not care or may even have contravening ideas that serve their own goals and agendas.
The point of power for you is to make decisions for yourself. If someone is in your corner, evaluate his or her recommendations in terms of what kind of a fit they are for you. The only person to whom you owe complete allegiance about your life is you. Period.
Bottom line – figure out what expectations are conducive to supporting your philosophies and paving the path of your heart, and then proceed with them. Be assertive with others when they are over the boundary lines of your personal rights and responsibilities. You, and only you, get to decide what to expect from yourself.
She has served as a hospital staff psychologist and has lectured on topics ranging from stress management, meditation and relaxation training to assertiveness and sleep management. Today, her private practice in San Diego is dedicated exclusively to Positive Psychology Coaching.
Her first book, "It's Your Little Red Wagon… 6 Core Strengths for Navigating Your Path to the Good Life," was Dr. Esonis' initial contribution to the field of Positive Psychology, presenting proven success factors and strength-building techniques that can lead individuals to a life of purpose, motivation and personally-defined happiness.
In "8 Crazy Beliefs That Screw Up Your Life -- Change These Beliefs and Become a Healthier, Happier Person," Dr. Esonis identifies eight "Thematic Belief Systems" that, in her experience as a psychologist and life coach for over 30 years, prevent individuals from building healthy, long-lasting relationships and extracting maximum happiness from life. She examines these "crazy beliefs" with all their negative implications and offers practical, persuasive arguments for why – and how – they can be replaced with healthy alternatives.
Dr. Esonis is a member of the San Diego Professionals Coaches Alliance (SDPCA) and is a Founding Member of the Centre for Applied Positive Psychology (CAPP).


The Bowhunter Federation Austria (BFA) is proud to present the currently exclusive German hunting magazine dedicated solely to the art and tradition of hunting with bow and arrow. The content span from lively written hunting adventures to extensive coverages of bowhunting related matters, and presentations of bowhunting equipment like bows, bowhunting clothing, arrows, etc.
DER BOGENJÄGER is the only magazine for German speaking hunters who are also interested in the age old hunting with bow and arrow beside their other hunting interests.
DER BOGENJÄGER is published twice per year. Subscriptions and distribution are offered to German speaking hunters worldwide. Subscription fee for one year is 25 Euros within Europe, 30 Euros rest of the world.
To enter into a subscription is easygoing – just send us a short eMail with your name and postal address to abo@der-bogenjaeger.at and we will provide you with a respective subscription invoice. After receipt of the invoice amount on the stated bank account the applicable issues will be send by postal mail. A subscription renewal invoice will be send each year and can be cancelled without further notice.
We wish all interested bowhunters pleasant time spend reading our magazine.


To ensure that the dress is going to fit you perfectly, we advise you get the help of a Note Hollow to Floor is the distance from center collarbone (Hollow) to the Measuring A Gown, Instructions, Choir Robes, Size, Chart, Height, Weight, and how far above the floor you want the robe to hang ( inches or inches).
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Hollow-to-Hem Measurement The hollow to hem measurement is one of the measurements taken when determing wedding dress sizing, and measures the length of the body, starting at the hollow of the neck (the indentation between the collar bones, located at the base of the neck), down to the hem of the dress .
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Home Germany 15,000 volt line came too close: two young people killed by electric...
15,000 volt line came too close: two young people killed by electric shock in Itzehoe train station – Panorama – Society
Two young people were electrocuted at the Itzehoe train station in Schleswig-Holstein after they climbed onto a parked tank car on Saturday evening. The two young people came too close to the 15,000-volt overhead line and died in a flashover, as the federal police announced on Sunday. They belonged to a group of four teenagers aged 16 to 18 years.
The other two young people suffered a burn on their hand and a shock. The rescue workers moved to the scene of the accident with a large contingent. Further investigations by the criminal police should provide information about the exact course of the tragic accident. The identity of the dead and the injured was initially unclear.
The station was closed for about an hour and a half on Saturday evening. According to Deutsche Bahn, there were significant delays.
The Federal Police repeatedly point out that electric shocks can also occur if you do not touch the overhead line. If you come closer than 1.50 meters to the line with 15,000 volts, the current can jump to the body. (AFP, dpa)
https://www.tagesspiegel.de/gesellschaft/panorama/15-000-volt-leitung-zu-nahe-gekommen-zwei-jugendliche-durch-stromschlag-im-bahnhof-von-itzehoe-getoetet/26669390.html
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The plan to protect Sidmouth's crumbling cliffs is set to be finalised
Councillors also agreed to call on utility companies to be forced to contribute towards coastal defence schemes
Daniel ClarkLocal Democracy Reporter
The full business case for a plan to stop Sidmouth's crumbling cliffs from crashing into the sea and the town being flooded is set to come forward in the next couple of months.
The proposed scheme for the East Devon town will see a new groyne built to help keep shingle from being moved eastwards away from the vulnerable cliffs and a higher splash wall will capture water coming over the sea wall to prevent flooding.
The scheme will cost £8.9m, but currently has a funding shortfall of around £2m.
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East Devon District Council on Wednesday night agreed to support a motion calling on the Government to request electric, gas, telephone and water companies to be mandated, where their assets and infrastructure will be protected and benefit from them, to make a proportionate and appropriate mandatory level of financial contribution towards that scheme, and subject to the costs of any contribution not being borne by customers.
Option 1 - The preferred option that the beach management plan for Sidmouth has identified is to construct one or two new rock groynes along East Beach over a distance of up to 200m east of the River Sid and to modify the length of the seaward end of the River Sid training wall and East Pier rock groyne to improve sediment transport between Sidmouth Town Beach and East Beach. This would be supported by importing new shingle and moving shingle along the beach as required.
It was put forward by Cllr Stuart Hughes as in Sidmouth, South West Water infrastructure will be protected if the scheme is built, but they have not contributed financially to the near £9m scheme.
'Don't sit underneath cliffs' plea from council after more landslides at Sidmouth beaches over the Bank Holiday weekend
Wednesday night's full council meeting also heard from Cllr Tom Wright, the portfolio holder for the environment, that a full business case for the Sidmouth beach management plan would come forward soon to the council.
Cllr Wright said: "In the next month or so, the full business case will come to the council. Then we will know how much we are looking for, and I am certain that once we have the business case evaluated and costed, it will help us to find our funding." He added that he totally supported the motion and said that the delay in the business case coming forward was to ensure that the design would actually work.
Sidmouth seafront (Image: Daniel Clark)
Proposing the motion, Cllr Hughes said: "Utilities services will be protected by such works. However at present they don't have to contribute and I don't recall seeing any scheme that's gone ahead receiving funding from either the electric, gas, or telephone companies. Water companies don't always contribute and as far as Sidmouth is concerned, they haven't come to the party with any promise of financial contribution
Woodland plantation would be cut down as part of business park expansion plans
"This necessary work will protect not just homes and businesses but also important infrastructure and utilities. In Sidmouth, for example, the South West Water infrastructure and other utilities will be protected from the incursion of the sea and erosion when the scheme is delivered.
"It seems fair and reasonable that all utility companies contribute towards the cost of coastal and flood protection works."
He added that North Norfolk District Council and Great Yarmouth Borough Council had already signed a letter to government ministers saying it is "inequitable" that water, electricity and gas companies do not have to contribute to projects managing coastal erosion, so East Devon would not be acting alone, and that Anglian Water had said that they endorse the principle of utilities contributing towards the costs of coastal protection where they have assets in vulnerable areas.
Cllr David Barratt, who seconded the motion, added: "It is quite clear that South West Water should be giving a contribution to a scheme that will safeguard their units on the seafront at Sidmouth, but as well as this, we must continue our local attempts to try and persuade them to contribute and generally redouble our efforts to seek our partnership funding. It is desperately urgent that we move the beach management plan forward before we see Sidmouth falling into the sea."
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Cllr Cathy Gardner said that will she supported the motion, she was not enthusiastic that it would work.
Date set for controversial Sidford business park planning inquiry
She added: "The beach management plan process has been grinding on for years. We are now waiting for funding but I have no confidence it will be found. Something drastic for Sidmouth needs to change soon so that we can have a scheme that we can afford, as at the moment there is no sign of it."
She also added that she thought that if the utility companies were forced to contribute, she expected that the costs would be passed onto customers anyway.
Cliff fall at Sidmouth's East Beach (Image: Daniel Clark)
The motion was discussed in the same week where rubble crashed to the ground down at Jacob's Ladder beach on Easter Sunday, in full view of hundreds of sun seekers and that at the other end of the seafront, on the precarious East Beach, there was a massive landslide that saw rubble crash down and block off a cave that was opened up following a previous cliff fall.
Weird mystery creature washed up on Devon beach
East Devon District Council subsequently reissued a warning to members of the public that the cliffs pose a very real danger and caution must be exercised when visiting them and the beach, and not to ignore warning signs, and not to sit directly beneath them.
The proposed beach management scheme aims to reduce the risk of flooding to Sidmouth by maintaining the standard of defences along Sidmouth Beach, and to reduce the rate of erosion to the cliffs.
The scheme will cost £8.9m, with around £3m of funding needed to be provided locally.
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£500,000 of this will be provided by East Devon District Council, with £500,000 set to be committed by Devon County Council and £100,000 from Sidmouth town council. Around £1m of local funding has been found, Cllr Wright announced, meaning roughly £2m more needs to be found.
East Devon District Council


– Anthony Bourdain is unapologetic about his distaste for craft beer and wine snobs.
– Condé Nast Traveler explores the "underdog status" of Texas wine.
– Immigrants are becoming increasingly integral to Italian agriculture, particularly in the cultivation of vineyards.
– A Welsh geologist has debunked the notion of minerality in wine.
– Finally, The Wall Street Journal profiles Lisa Laird Dunn, the woman responsible for reinvigorating Laird's historic applejack.


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Sound in Space: The noise of interstellar space
It may be true that in space no-one can hear you scream, but you can hear some far stranger things out there.
The recording above was taken by the Voyager 1space probe, as it left our solar system - it's of waves with the same frequency as sound, but it's not sound as we know it. Where regular sound is a vibration in a gas, solid or liquid, these sounds are vibrations in the ultra thin soup of ions, called plasma, that fills space. Far too faint for any human sense to detect, Voyager had been listening to vibrations like these for decades. But this set was different - their pitch was suddenly a lot higher. That meant the density of the plasma they travelled through had changed dramatically in a short space of time - one of the markers for the boundary with interstellar space.
So the weird little vibrations are literally the sound of Voyager going where no-one had been before...
You've read our science facts - have you tried our science fiction? You can pick up our book on Kindle, or as a paperback, by following this link...
"Like Phillip K Dick tweeting" - Tageblatt magazine
...or, if you'd like to help us do things like podcasts, animations, and videos here why not...
This week, off world: Holy smokes is Russia trying to endanger the ISS on purpose? Sierra Space raises $1.4 billion for Orbital Reef, lunar CO2 use and loads more...
Learn the ins and outs of pseudoscience, and debunking it: Read 'Escaping The Rabbit Hole' here . Want to support the future of scie...
Sound in Space: The drumbeats of pulsars
The Universe in 101 words: Why should we return to...


Singh vs Kaur is a Indian Punjabi romantic comedy film Directed by Navaniat Singh, starring Gippy Grewal, Surveen Chawla, Japji Khaira and Binnu Dhillon in lead roles. Singh vs Kaur was released on 15 February 2013.
Gippy Grewal will be seen in a turbaned avatar for the very first time in his entire film career. The film is also the first Punjabi movie that has been produced by a multi-lingual producer, D. Ramanaidu. The movie was remade in Bengali as Romeo vs Juliet starring Ankush Hazra and Mahiya Mahi.
Nihal Singh (Gippy Grewal), living in the village of Nalun tattebha is considered a burden on the head of villagers and they all decide to throw him out of the village on the advice of Sarpanch (Avtar Gill). Nihal's mother is a widow who lost her husband when Nihal was only a few years old. Meanwhile, Nihal's best friend Taari (Binnu Dhillon), who is addicted to watching girls with his associates on the Internet and print their photos out, plans an idea to clear up the whole situation. Taari says that to solve the situation he should marry Sarpanch's niece Sapna, an overweight girl, which he initially goes through with before regretting his actions. A comic situation arises when Sapna tells her Uncle (Sarpanch) that she loves Nihal and will die if she doesn't marry him.


Discussion in 'All Other Software' started by Armless, Jan 28, 2006.
Hey, I have some video clips that are in RMVB and I want to put them into my psp, but the psp won't read RMVB files. I was wondering if anyone here knows of any good RMVB converter. I want to convert my RMVB file into avi or mpeg. I tried a few converters, but everytime it converted it the quailty of the video clip was horrible.