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text:
Nilphamari-1 is a constituency represented in the Jatiya Sangsad (National Parliament) of Bangladesh since 2014 by Aftab Uddin Sarkar of the Awami League.

Boundaries
The constituency encompasses Dimla and Domar upazilas.

History
The constituency was created in 1984 from the Rangpur-1 constituency when the former Rangpur District was split into five districts: Nilphamari, Lalmonirhat, Rangpur, Kurigram, and Gaibandha.

Members of Parliament

Elections

Elections in the 2010s

Elections in the 2000s

Elections in the 1990s

References

External links

Parliamentary constituencies in Bangladesh
Nilphamari District

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Liturgy Matters: The Passion of the Lord
Clarifications and ponderings
Last Saturday February 25, more than 40 people gathered for the Triduum Take 3 Workshop, which focused on The Passion of the Lord on Good Friday.
Louise Gannon rsj PUBLISHED February 26, 2019
After reflecting on the understanding of 'what we are celebrating', and the principles that guide our celebration, we considered 'how we celebrate' the Passion by focusing on some key questions. Each question was considered using the following process:
What liturgical principles – general and relating to the Triduum – inform our discernment?
Does the ritual and relevant documents have something to say about this?
What pastoral principles and issues inform our discernment?
What wisdom, suggestions or questions does your experience offer us?
Our discussions revolved around the following questions.
Question 1: Who presides at the Passion of the Lord, the second moment of the Triduum.
The succinct answer to this question is the priest. This answer is found in the Missal, the document Paschale Solemnitatis [PS] (Circular Letter Concerning the preparation and Celebration of the Easter Feasts) and consequently the Ordo which states on p. 56:
To make clear the unity of the Easter Triduum, the Celebration of the Passion of the Lord on Good Friday is celebrated by the priest who leads the assembly on Holy Thursday and the Easter Vigil. Where this is not possible, a deacon or lay person may lead the community in parts of the Liturgy of the Hours (i.e. Morning, Evening or Night Prayer), or an appropriate devotion such as the Seven Last Words or the Stations of the Cross.
Nothing in the ritual or the documents indicates that a deacon or lay person may preside at the Passion of the Lord.
The Bishop's Commission for Liturgy will be sending a letter to all dioceses clarifying this for the Australian Church, effective from 2020. To reinforce this the Ordo for 2020 will state:
To make clear the unity of the Easter Triduum, the Celebration of the Passion of the Lord on Good Friday is presided over only by a priest. This liturgy, by its very nature, cannot be celebrated in the absence of a priest. Where this is not possible, a deacon or lay person may lead the community in parts of the Liturgy of the Hours (i.e. Morning, Evening or Night Prayer) or an appropriate devotion such as the Seven Last Words or the Stations of the Cross.
The point of our workshop was to provide communities with all the information they need to address this issue if necessary before next year, or indeed this year if possible.
Question 2: When and where ought the Triduum be celebrated?
Our discernment about this question is informed by the principles: The Triduum, and therefore The Passion of the Lord, are only celebrated if a community has all the resources necessary for it to be celebrated with the required dignity and solemnity. [PS a. 5, 41, 43, Missal a. 2-3]
Indeed Paschale Solemnitatis suggests that smaller communities come together for the Triduum. Separating out into smaller communities is not mentioned in the documents.
This coming together happens in many of our communities, such as in the Chisholm Region. Of course, this requires a level of collaboration and hospitality in the preparation and celebration of the liturgy. Liturgical ministers ought to be drawn from all the communities who join together. The host community would bend over backwards to ensure those from neighbouring communities felt truly welcome and 'at home'.
Our recommendation at the workshop was that those communities who do not have the resources to celebrate the Triduum and/or those who join a larger community focus on the preparation and celebration of Easter Sunday Mass. There was general agreement that this has become the most crowded Easter liturgy.
Question 3: Is it appropriate to schedule more than one Passion of the Lord within a community? Or in other words, is it appropriate for a community to celebrate only one part of the Triduum?
Here again, the principles provide the key insights that inform our discernment: The Triduum is ONE liturgy, with ONE presider, celebrated by ONE church, where church is understood as the community not the building, [PS a. 43] AND, the Triduum celebrates the whole Paschal Mystery. [PS a. 1, 2, 27, 38, ritual a. 1] A community does not celebrate part of the Paschal Mystery in isolation from the whole. Death emerges from Holy Thursday and moves to resurrection.
Conversation suggested that for a range of reasons, some find this notion of the Triduum being one liturgy with three moments difficult to grasp. However this is the wisdom with which we need to engage and wrestle.
The main pastoral issue that was raised concerned the crowds on Good Friday. Will people fit if there is only one 'Passion of the Lord'? Hopefully where communities who may move between multiple church buildings for the Triduum, for example Blackbutt North and Blackbutt South, the crowds would fit into their largest building for 'The Passion of the Lord' so that the community to stay together.
Question 4: Are there circumstances in which it would be appropriate for a community to celebrate some form of devotion as an alternative to The Passion of the Lord and if so, what options are there?
Again, we focused on the principles to guide our reflection: The Passion of the Lord is the primary celebration of good Friday and takes priority over devotions. (PS a. 3, 72)
This question is not about the Stations of the Cross or Morning Prayer on Good Friday morning. These are additional to, not alternatives for 'The Passion of the Lord.
The only circumstance in which an alternative to the Passion would be appropriate is in a community that is not celebrating the Triduum and is only celebrating Easter Sunday Mass. In this circumstance, communities might mark Good Friday with Morning and/or Evening Prayer, the Stations of the Cross that could include some form of veneration of the cross at the appropriate station, or the Seven Last Words'. The latter two options could be celebrated at 3.00pm because they would not be competing with The Passion of the Lord.
There is much to ponder. As we discussed on Saturday, our aim is always to improve our liturgical celebration of the Triduum, so that we the Church, are formed by the Paschal Mystery and rise to new life and a renewed sense of mission in and for the world.
We are at our best when we reflect on these issues together. Thank you to all those who did just that last Saturday. The journey continues.
If it would be of assistance, members of the Diocesan Liturgy Council are available to join communities over the coming year as they engage in reflection on these and other questions concerning our understanding and celebration of The Passion of the Lord.
Category Liturgy Matters
Louise Gannon rsj
Louise Gannon rsj is the Diocesan Co-ordinator of Liturgy.
LITURGY MATTERS: RCIA [Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults]
On being ordained to the responsibility of the priesthood

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Construction Committee Agenda*
Metro Board Room, One Gateway Plaza, 3rd Floor, Los Angeles
Thursday, April 16, 2015 10:15 a.m.
Don Knabe, Chair
Jacquelyn Dupont-Walker, Vice Chair
Michael Antonovich
James Butts
Ara Najarian
Carrie Bowen, non-voting member
Stephanie Wiggins, Interim Deputy Chief Executive Officer
Michele Jackson, Board Secretary
Karen Gorman, Acting Ethics Officer
Karen Gorman, Inspector General
County Counsel, General Counsel
42. RECEIVE report by the Caltrans District Director on Delivery of Projects on I-5.
43. AUTHORIZE the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) to execute a cost-plus-fixed-fee Contract No. PS2415-3412 with STV, Inc. for the Brighton to Roxford Double Track Project in the amount of $13,594,016, inclusive of all design phases. This contract is for a base of three years.
44. AUTHORIZE the Chief Executive Officer execute a Contract Modification for Contract OP02461010 for the fare retrieval system at the Division 13 Bus Operations and Maintenance Facility with Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc., in an amount of $99,401, increasing total value of the contract from $252,854,827 to $252,954,228.
45. WITHDRAWN: AUTHORIZE the Chief Executive Officer to award a 28 month firm fixed price contract, under Invitation for Bid No. C1078, with Clark Construction Group, the lowest responsive and responsible bidder for the final design and construction of the Maintenance of Way/Non-Revenue Vehicle Maintenance Building to be constructed as part of the Division 20 Yard and Shops expansion for a firm fixed price of $52,923,000.
46. WITHDRAWN CONSIDER:
A. finding that awarding a design-build contract pursuant to Public Utilities Code section 130242 (a) will achieve certain private sector efficiencies in the integration of design, project work, and components related to real property renovation, improvements, and construction work at Metro transit facilities in Los Angeles County; and
B. authorizing the Chief Executive Officer to solicit and award design-build contracts for renovations, improvements, and construction at Metro transit facilities, pursuant to Public Utilities Code Section 130242.
(REQUIRES 2/3 VOTE OF THE BOARD)
47. AUTHORIZE Contract Modification:
A. No. 14 (a.k.a. Contract Change Order, CCO 14) by Caltrans for Segment 3 construction contract of the I-5 North Capacity Enhancements from SR-134 to SR-118 under the Funding Agreement No. MOU.P0008355/8501 A/A5 in the amount of $1,920,800 without an increase in the project budget;
B. No. 39 (a.k.a. Contract Change Order, CCO 39) by Caltrans for Segment 3 construction contract of the I-5 North Capacity Enhancements from SR-134 to SR-118 under the Funding Agreement No. MOU.P0008355/8501 A/A5 in the amount of $850,000 without an increase in the project budget; and
C. No. 16 (a.k.a. Contract Change Order, CCO 16) by Caltrans for Segment 3 construction contract of the I-5 South HOV Widening from I-605 to Orange County Line under the Funding Agreement No. MOU.P0004292 A/A2 in the amount of $3,500,000 without an increase in the project budget.
48. AUTHORIZE the Chief Executive Officer to execute Contract Modification:
A. No. 6 to Contract No. PS-2020-1055 with Geoffrey R. Martin for the continuation of Tunnel Advisory Panel Services, in an amount not-to-exceed $1,039,000, increasing the total contract value from $1,201,000 to $2,240,000 and extend the contract from July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2020;
B. No. 4 to Contract No. PS-8510-2416 with Harvey Parker and Associates, Inc. for the continuation of Tunnel Advisory Panel Services, in an amount not-to-exceed $1,142,900, increasing the total contract value from $1,525,000 to $2,667,900 and extend the contract from July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2020; and
C. No. 2 to Contract No. PS-8510-2493 with Cording, Dr. Edward J. for the continuation of Tunnel Advisory Panel Services, in an amount not-to-exceed $1,142,900, increasing the total contract value from $1,225,000 to $2,367,900 and extend the contract from July 1, 2015 to June 30, 2020.
49. AUTHORIZE the Chief Executive Officer to:
A. award and execute a five (5) year contract, Contract No. PS84203245, to Tetra Tech for Sustainability Water Conservation, Solid Waste and Recycling services on Task Orders, inclusive of three base years with an initial amount not-to-exceed $5,300,000; and
B. individual Task Orders and changes within the Board approved contract amount.
A. award and execute a five (5) year contract, No. PS84203244, to TRC Solutions, Inc. for Sustainability Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy services on Task Orders, inclusive of two base years with an initial amount not-to-exceed $6,400,000; and
B. to execute individual Task Orders and changes within the Board approved contract amount.
51. CONSIDER:
A. approving an increase in Life of Project (LOP) Budget for Capital Project (CP) 204122 Metro Orange Line (MOL) to Metro Red Line (MRL) North Hollywood Pedestrian Underpass in the not to exceed amount of $1,672,000 $1,077,401 increasing the LOP from $22,000,000 to $23,672,000 $23,077,401 to implement to provide three (3) new Ticket Vending Machines (TVMs), implement new ADA compliant fare gates and re-configure/reinstall the existing fare gates, and for the overall construction management services, for the new MRL-MOL North Hollywood West Entrance underpass project.
B. authorizing the Chief Executive Officer to execute Contract Modification No. 126 for Contract OP02461010 with Cubic Transportation Systems, Inc. in an amount of $577,401, increasing the total value of the contract from $252,854,827 to $253,432,228.
A. authorizing the Chief Executive Officer to execute Contract Modification No. 3 to Contract C1056, Advanced Utility Relocations (Wilshire/La Cienega Station) with Steve Bubalo Construction Co. for additional compensation to comply with the requirements of the City of Beverly Hills (COBH), as identified in the executed Memorandum of Agreement (MOA), for all work being done within the jurisdiction of the COBH in the amount of $1,983,179, increasing the total contract value from $20,250,000 to 22,233,179; and
B. approving an increase in Contract Modification Authority to Contract C1056 to provide funding to implement the changes required by the COBH Memorandum of Agreement approved by the Board on October 23, 2014, in the amount of $1,983,179, increasing the current CMA from $2,025,000 to $4,008,179.
53. RECEIVE AND FILE status report on the accommodations to the Crenshaw/LAX line for the Airport Metro Connector transit station project and response to questions raised at the March 19, 2015 Construction Committee. [HANDOUT]
(ALSO ON PLANNING AND PROGRAMMING COMMITTEE)
54. RECEIVE AND FILE status on the Project Labor Agreement and Construction Careers Policy programs on the Crenshaw/LAX Transit Corridor and Regional Connector Transit Corridor projects for activity through the February 2015 reporting period.
(ALSO ON EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE)
55. RECEIVE AND FILE monthly status report on the implementation of the Crenshaw/LAX Transit Project Business Solution Center and Metro's Pilot Business Interruption Fund.
56. RECEIVE Engineering and Construction Executive Director's Report.
57. RECEIVE oral report on Transit Project Budget and Schedule Status.
58. RECEIVE report of the Chief Executive Officer.
Consideration of items not on the posted agenda, including: items to be presented and (if requested) referred to staff; items to be placed on the agenda for action at a future meeting of the Committee or Board; and/or items requiring immediate action because of an emergency situation or where the need to take immediate action came to the attention of the Committee subsequent to the posting of the agenda.<
COMMENTS FROM THE PUBLIC ON ITEMS OF PUBLIC INTEREST WITHIN COMMITTEE'S SUBJECT MATTER JURISDICTION
* This is the unofficial format of the Construction Committee agenda.
Click here for the official Construction Committee agenda


Born in 1977 in Moscow where she also lives and works. Korina trained as a theater designer and is known for creating enveloping room installations out of disposable ordinary materials common to every Russian. She uses familiar cheap floral fabric, discarded furniture and magazines to create an unfamiliar materiality verging on the absurd, and to confront us with objects and spaces that conjure memories of a previous time.
Born in 1968 in Moscow. Lived and worked in New York, 1991–2007. Currently lives and works in Moscow. Hunzelweg´s compositions are characterized by a delicate and sensitive beauty that gives his art a very specific position within the tradition of minimalist art. What might look from afar as computer-generated or produced with high-tech support is actually realized by hand with classic artistic materials and simple tools.
"The Face of a Smell," 2012.
Kuda Begut Sobaki (Where Are the Dogs Running) is an art group from Yekaterinburg made up of Alexei Korzukhin, born in 1973, Vladislav Bulatov, born in 1975, Nataliya Grekhov, born in 1976, and Olga Inozemtseva, born in 1977. The group creates multimedia art that often plays with the physical senses.
"The Face of a Smell," 2012. We created a work that fixes the smell of a person and then produces a photofit of that smell. When a person comes up to the device, the smelling tubes take in his odor. The data received creates a unique image tied to that place, that person, that moment in time. The subject gets to see the face of his smell.
Born in Moscow in 1979. Lives and works in Moscow.
"The Dash," 2011. "The room was wrapped in cellophane, leaving some space between the film and the walls and furniture. As a result we have a transparent picture, where the image gets its color from reality, while its outline and tone are set by the artist's hand. Thus we create a look-alike of reality so that it becomes artistically documented. I try to pull the viewers out of today's space and place them into the space of recollection of the day, into the space of my personal unsuccessful effort to stop time and secure what there is."
"Point of Support," a performance in 2013.
Born in 1986 in Moscow. Lives and works in Moscow.
"Point of Support," a performance in 2013: The artist stands on a narrow four-meter column, one-on-one with the world. A contradictory, mixed sensation of flight and fear of falling, a sense of one's own greatness and of utter loneliness. What is a person one-on-one with him or herself?
Born in Moscow in 1976. Lives and works in Moscow. Povsner belongs to a young generation of artists who work in the tradition of Moscow conceptualism. For "Standby" in 2011, Povsner created a simple pair of shoes, fused together and filled with plaster, a material that often figures in the artist's work. "Standby" is placed among shoes in a flat in the House on the Embankment.
Born in 1978 in Moscow. Currently lives and works in Moscow. Left for the United States at the age of 13. Studied at the Cooper Union for the Advancement of Science and Art in New York. Currently lives and works in Moscow. In 1955, the Communist Party adopted the resolution "On the Elimination of Excess in Design and Construction." Plans, maps and other symbols take on an entirely new tonality when brought to the canvas by the brush.
Born in 1980. Currently lives and works in Moscow. "My works are devoted to the beauty of the world of science. This is a painting about the importance of technologies in our life and also about man's place in industrial society. By working in a traditional, old style of tempera on wood painting, I let my audience stop and feel the beauty of the work process. One of my subjects is IVF, delivery and neonatal intensive care. It's interesting to look at the origin of a new generation of people, made in laboratories."
Born in 1988. Currently lives and works in St. Petersburg.
"VDV Day" is a documentation of the random events our heroine, Schiller, finds herself entangled in the summer of 2013, during the Russian Airborne Troops Day celebrations in St. Petersburg. Deliberately placing herself into this space of militaristic mayhem, our heroine embodies the exact opposite of what is unfolding before the viewer's eyes: a backdrop of drunken bodies in striped shirts. Schiller leaves the ending open — dancing, she retires into the night, a faithful follower in tow.
Born in 1983, studied in Moscow and Gothenburg, currently lives and works in Moscow and Dubna. Her artistic practice is primarily interested in the historical cycles of toxins within military, daily and aesthetic realms as well as the poetical recourse deriving from that shift. Sukhareva often deals with the interaction between humans, nature, society and social responsibility.
Recycle Art Group is made up of two young and talented artists, Andrey Blokhin and Georgy Kuznetsov. They live and work in Krasnodar.
The group does not provoke confrontation but looks for compromises and the means of making peace between incompatible and competing aspects of the modern world — a world made up first and foremost of concepts and images. Recycle digs through various cultural and visual "software" that has managed to grow into a thick layer on the hardware of collective consciousness, and try to identify conflicting "programs."
Tima Radya, street artist, born, lives and works in Yekaterinburg.
"For sure I don't know as much of you as you of me, but now we have something in common."
Born in Sverdlovsk in 1984. Currently lives and works in Moscow.
Titova explores the inconsistent relationships that she identifies between representation, found objects and experiences of social relations. Titova's method is based on redefinition of boundaries between installation and photography, collage and sculpture.
Born in Bratsk in 1987. Currently lives and works in Moscow.
"IRx272," interactive light installation, 2013.
In a horizontal plane on the perimeter of the sphere, there are eight sonar emitters, or ultrasound rangefinders, able to determine the distance of a person approaching the sphere. The closer the person comes, the stronger the "flames" glow: a greater number of lamps shine and, accordingly, more heat is released.
"No," painting by Anya Zholud.
Born in 1981 in Leningrad, lives and works in Moscow. Zholud has long been working in three-dimensional space. The artist is famous for her metal installations, depicting very often everyday items in an almost minimalist, graphic style. However, it is her paintings that give a particularly touching insight into the fascinating artistic creation of this extraordinary young artist.
The Austrian season of culture, which took place in Russia in 2013 and 2014, gave artists from both countries an unprecedented opportunity for creative exchange and joint projects. The cooperation of institutes and artists from all areas of culture expanded far beyond the framework of particular events.


text:
using namespace Puzzly;
using namespace OPUZ::SPI;

namespace Puzzly
{

	PatchIO::PatchIO(BusManager *busManager, const uint8_t csEnablePin, const uint8_t numInputs, const uint8_t numOutputs)
		:
			_numInputs(numInputs),
			_numOutputs(numOutputs),
			_shiftOut(new ShiftOut74HC595(busManager, csEnablePin, 1))	// TODO: determine num devices automatically

	{
		_inputBuffer = new uint8_t[(_numInputs / 8) + (_numInputs % 8 == 0 ? 0 : 1)];
		_outputBuffer = new uint8_t[(_numOutputs / 8) + (_numOutputs % 8 == 0 ? 0 : 1)];
	}

	PatchIO::PatchIO(ShiftOut74HC595 *shiftOut, const uint8_t numInputs, const uint8_t numOutputs)
		:
			_numInputs(numInputs),
			_numOutputs(numOutputs),
			_shiftOut(shiftOut)
	{
		_inputBuffer = new uint8_t[(_numInputs / 8) + (_numInputs % 8 == 0 ? 0 : 1)];
		_outputBuffer = new uint8_t[(_numOutputs / 8) + (_numOutputs % 8 == 0 ? 0 : 1)];
	}

	PatchIO::~PatchIO()
	{
	}

	void PatchIO::Initialize()
	{
		#ifdef OPUZ_DEBUG_Serial
		Serial.print("New PatchIO Inputs: ");
		Serial.print(_numInputs);
		Serial.print(" Outputs: ");
		Serial.println(_numOutputs);
		Serial.println();
		#endif
	}

	void PatchIO::Tick()
	{
		_outputBuffer[0] += 1;
		_shiftOut->SetValue(_outputBuffer[0], 0xff, 0);
		_shiftOut->Write();
	}
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


GENEKA's DNA-Proteomic Array is a novel system allowing the user to quantify the effects a particular compound will have on the DNA-binding activity of a large collection of transcription factors. It combines the simplicity of the Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) with the high-throughput power of the DNA microarray and at the end of the day gives the same result, in one fell swoop, as would hundreds of EMSA experiments.
In the past few months we have developed quite an expertise with DNA microarrays. Our arrays sport single-stranded DNA probes (carefully selected and validated) spotted on a glass slide with excellent chemical properties. Our multiple and exacting proprietary normalization techniques reassure us that our quantitative evaluation of gene expression levels are fully reliable; we also make use, for each target, of multiple validated probes and redundant spotting. We are quite proud of our Proteomic Regulator Oligo Microarray (P.R.O.M.™), which presents the most complete collection of transcription factor sequences available to scientists; but we can also assemble a DNA microarray custom-fit to your particular needs .


text:
NDP soft in Quebec, strong in BC in new Angus-Reid poll
The latest federal poll from Angus-Reid, taken earlier this week, shows that the top-line numbers have moved very little for any of the parties. But at the regional level, some shifts have taken place.
Nationally, the Conservatives lead with 39%, followed by the New Democrats at 31% and the Liberals at 19%.
The Bloc Québécois stands at 6% and the Greens at 4%.
Aside from a few decimal-point changes, this is exactly what happened on election night.
But regionally, most of the results are quite different.
Except, oddly, in Ontario. There the Conservatives still lead with 44% and the Liberals and NDP are deadlocked in second, with 26%.
Nationally and in Ontario, this generally jives with what others polls have shown since the election. The Nanos poll conducted last week differs, but it was taken on completey separate days. Conceivably, both these polls could be correct.
Where they agree with one another is in Quebec. In the Angus-Reid poll, the NDP has dropped to 35% (Nanos had them at 34%), indicating that the departure of Jack Layton has had a real effect on votes there. The Conservatives and Bloc are tied in second with 22%, while the Liberals trail with 17%. As 85% of the last election's Bloc voters still support the party, according to one of the questions in this poll, it appears that most of the NDP's lost support has gone to the Conservatives and Liberals. It is possible, then, that some of the federalist votes the NDP picked up in the last election are reverting to the federalist parties they supported before the last election due to Nycole Turmel's past.
The NDP makes up for the drop in Quebec with a huge number in British Columbia. They lead there with 38%, ahead of the Tories at 37%. The Liberals are at 17%. The NDP also puts up good numbers in Alberta, and leads in the Prairies and Atlantic Canada. The Conservatives are still very strong in Alberta and competitive in Atlantic Canada, but their 44% in Ontario is what keeps them in power.
Stephen Harper's approval rating stands at 40%, to 41% disapproving (or a 49% approval rating if we take out the 'not sures'). Bob Rae's approval rating is at 23% (41% without the 'not sures') while Nycole Turmel's is at 22% (44% of decideds).
Angus-Reid, oddly, even asked what people thought of Vivian Barbot's performance as interim head of the Bloc. Considering she has barely been visible and isn't an MP, it comes as no surprise that she scored 5%.
This poll would result in the Conservatives winning 156 seats and holding on to their majority by the skin of their teeth. The New Democrats win 108 seats, the Liberals 39, the Bloc Québécois four and the Greens one.
The Conservatives win 17 seats in British Columbia, 27 in Alberta, 11 in the Prairies, 70 in Ontario, 13 in Quebec, 16 in Atlantic Canada and two in the north.
The New Democrats win 14 seats in British Columbia, one in Alberta, 14 in the Prairies, 22 in Ontario, 47 in Quebec, nine in Atlantic Canada and one in the north.
The Liberals win four seats in British Columbia, three in the Prairies, 14 in Ontario, 11 in Quebec, and seven in Atlantic Canada.
Obviously, the four Bloc seats come in Quebec and the Greens hold on to their British Columbian seat.
The poll also looked into the Turmel affair, but I think the results are far less informative than they appear at first glance.
Firstly, 43% of Canadians followed the story very or moderately closely, with only 26% not following it closely at all. In other words, 74% of Canadians are aware of the issue.
While 41% of Canadians say they are concerned with having Turmel as interim leader of the NDP, 51% said they were not concerned. Demonstrating how this sort of thing isn't much of a problem in Quebec, 64% of respondents in that province were not concerned. A linguistic breakdown of that number would have been fascinating.
Now, 41% is a huge swathe of the population. Other parties don't have this kind of issue that would "concern" Canadians. But what would the response have been had Angus-Reid asked Canadians whether they were concerned with having Stephen Harper as Prime Minister, or Bob Rae as interim leader of the Liberals? I imagine those numbers would have been relatively significant, but nevertheless meaningless.
The same issue exists with the question of whether the NDP should replace Turmel. Only 34% of Quebecers said she should be replaced, while 45% of Canadians as a whole said so. That number drops to 29% among New Democratic supporters.
But again, ask Canadians if Harper or Rae should be replaced and at least one-third of respondents would probably say yes, broken down pretty clearly along party lines. People also generally dislike politicians, and putting them out of a job is always a popular opinion. So Angus-Reid should have asked about the replacement of Harper and Rae to give us some basis of comparison.
There is little that we can take this poll as conclusive evidence that something significant has happened. The only notable thing in this poll, in conjunction with Nanos's poll from last week, is that the New Democrats seem to be faltering in Quebec after polling above their election result for the first few months after the ballots had been cast. Is it a honeymoon effect, a mere statistical wobble, or something related to Jack Layton and Nycole Turmel? Time will tell.
Labels: Angus-Reid
DL 10 August, 2011 11:13
I wish that Angus Reid had also asked all Canadians how "concerned" they were that several Conservative cabinet ministers from Quebec have been past BQ members/supporters of Quebec independence. It would have been interesting to compare the level of "concern" over that with the level of concern about Turmel's past ties.
What's with the McCarthyism DL ??
Those associations by CPC members are all over a decade old.
Heck, does anyone worry about arch-federalist Stephane Dion's committment to this country ?
Hey Harper was once a young Liberal, do we need to worry that he's involved in some master plan to help the Grits ?
Such a weak, you did it too!! defence by the NDP on this issue. You guys need some better talking points that's for sure.
Nycole Turmel was involved in seperatist politics until a week ago. I have no interest in what people were doing a decade or more ago.
The View From Steeltown 10 August, 2011 13:00
I think that this poll show that the NDP "surge" is no longer a Quebec phenomenon as demonstrated by the numbers in other regions (particularly BC and Prairies which are showing support higher than in Quebec). We can now begin to see the NDP asserting itself as the true alternative for the Conservative government. For a large number of voters the reflex is no longer to look at the Liberals but rather to look at the NDP as the party with a legitimate chance of replacing the current administration.
This poll clearly demonstrates that the NDP has a chance of forming government because it leads in 8 provinces (except Alberta and Ontario). Alberta is unlikely to swing to the NDP given the little non-Conservative vote left (4%). Ontario will probably split the vote for another 1-2 elections because they probably have the hardest decision to make: either the Conservatives that have been in power for 9 years (if they can still look alive, which they really can't), the NDP (if they can erase the memories of the 90s), or the Liberals (if they can get their act together).
But what is quite surprising is that the Conservatives still lead the NDP by 8 points because they have 75% in Alberta (that still gives them only 27 seats: something they could get with 50% of the vote)
-AW
AverageCanuck 10 August, 2011 17:29
AW there will be more than 28 seats up for grabs in Alberta in the next election.
Don't forget the new seats that are going to be added to the house of commons from BC, Alberta, and Ontario.
With their superior fundraising, organization, and candidate recruitment abilities the CPC expect these new seats to be their majority insurance policy.
Earl 10 August, 2011 18:24
Liberals narrow the gap in ON:
http://news.nationalpost.com/2011/08/10/ontario-liberals-close-the-gap-on-hudak-tories-poll/
Bungle Jerry 10 August, 2011 18:59
75% support for the Conservatives and 1% (!) support for the Liberals in Alberta approaches the level of comedy. Obviously the MOE for the regionals must be high (meaning the Libs could be in the negative percentiles!) but still...
Éric 10 August, 2011 20:07
Only 400 sampled in that Ontario poll.
Thanks for the link Earl.
That Ontario poll just adds to the long line of items pointing towards a Liberal resurgence in Ontario in the past two weeks.
This is going to be a good old fashioned bare knuckle scrap right to the finish.
My money is still on PC minority, NDP oppo, and Liberal rump.
I think Hudak and McGuinty will destroy each other and allow Horwath to come up the middle with her positive vision !
"That Ontario poll just adds to the long line of items pointing towards a Liberal resurgence in Ontario in the past two weeks."
Indeed it does and to all you nay sayers get used to the fact the Hudak Tories are distinctly on the edge of a serious defeat !!
TS. 11 August, 2011 00:32
Anonymous 12:54, the CPC's BQ associations are not a decade old. One cabinet minister was a BQ member until 2008 when he ran for the Conservatives. Ridiculous for the CPC to jump on the NDP for something the CPC does too. Not to say that I care for Turmel's prior links to the BQ, but it is very hypocritical for the CPC to complain about it. Glass houses and all that.
Kyle H. 11 August, 2011 00:51
How can the Hudak Tories be on the edge of a serious defeat when they're not even in power?
Peter I don't think the Hudak Tories are on the edge of a "serious defeat".
We're talking about a Liberal resurgence from Oblivion.
Ever hear of a dead cat bounce ?
We're talking the difference between what once seemed like a Hudak majority to the now 100% likely occurence of a Hudak minority government.
tkmm 11 August, 2011 02:57
Eric, have you ever thought about rearranging the placement of the parties in the bar graph so they represent the left-right spectrum more closely? In the case of the Bloc and Green, the bloc could be place in the radical left while the Greens could be placed between NDP and Liberal.
Surprised to see the Liberals are at 1% in Alberta. But once again it shows what is perhaps the permanent decline of the federal Liberals.
The Liberals are only competitive in Ontario and the Atlantic. I can't speak for the Atlantic provinces, but I don't see the NDP replacing the Liberals in Ontario in the federal level for a while. The NDP would need huge policy shifts in order to appeal to the 905 and other suburban-type areas in Ontario.
The Liberals were a close second place in many of these 905 and outer 416 ridings. The Liberals can win 15-20 of these seats in the next election if they went up by a few percentage points. The Liberals can still be competitive in Ontario cities like Ottawa, Kitchener, Kingston and London.
- Maple
"Anonymous said...
Peter I don't think the Hudak Tories are on the edge of a "serious defeat"."
Anything less than majority Govt for the party that has been out of power for about 15 years IS a serious defeat!
That Hudak can't win, which is very obvious to those of us who actually live in Ontario, signals yet another blow to the Provincial PC party.
Until they get rid of the Mike Harris over wash they won't win either. This could be the second election in a row the party is out of power. Because be assured that if the Liberals get a minority the NDP/Horvath will support them. Anything is better than even a whiff of Harris !!
Remember Average Canuck this is Ontario, not BC or some other place. Each province is unique in its political structure, check out the Sask poll piece here to see !! So spewing the CPC national mantra as you do only shows your lack of knowledge !
Tone it down, please.
Five 0 Six 11 August, 2011 17:05
Alberta Results are pretty hilarious and the Liberals were irrelevant in Edmonton in the last Federal election anyways, finishing in 3rd in the three "winnable ridings" for non-Conservatives in Edmonton (Edmonton-East, Strathcona and Center) and by extension the province. Hard to say if the Conservatives would ever get 75% provincewide but they should have 90 percent of the seats again easily, though it will be interesting to see what happens with any redistribution in the future.
Would be interesting to see breakdowns of Atlantic provinces, but based on those numbers the NDP should probably be ahead slightly in NFLD over the Liberals and solidly in NS over both parties and pretty close to the Conservatives in NB, which would likely give them a plurality of seats in Atlantic Canada.
Esn 11 August, 2011 19:26
@the previous "Anonymous"... "15 years"? Shouldn't that be more like "8 years" considering that McGuinty won his first mandate from Ernie Eves in 2003?
I think the tory sweep on Ontario and Hudak/Harris+Ford will guarantee a Liberal minority in Oct. Actually I think Harper would be happy with that.
Incumbent landslides in first Atlantic projections...
Harper's leadership numbers jump in Quebec
Jack Layton secures his place in NDP – and Canadia...
Replacing Gilles Duceppe
Brad Wall increases majority in first Saskatchewan...
PQ plunges as Charest gains, even against Legault
Last snapshot of a political landscape gone foreve...
Race narrows in Ontario projection with new Nanos ...
Liberals up three seats in Ontario projection
Ontario Election: Ridings to watch
Wall still holds huge lead in Saskatchewan
NDP soft in Quebec, strong in BC in new Angus-Reid...
Liberals gain in new Nanos poll, NDP drops in Queb...
In Ontario election race, McGuinty may be running ...
The new face of the NDP in Quebec
Tim Hudak still the man to beat
Ontario race tightens in new projection
In Manitoba race, odds could tip in Greg Selinger'...


text:
Q: Does temporarily suspending an idle chip reduce its lifetime? Nowadays many chips, especially CPUs for portable devices can decrease the clock speed or even suspend for short periods of time to save power. This is great.
Now when a chip reduces power consumption it dissipates far less heat and cools down. Typically a device executes commands in bursts. You start a heavy app and the device's CPU runs on full load for say 15 seconds and warms up, then you might use the application without triggering its CPU-intensive functions for a long period of time, then the CPU load decreases greatly and power saving mechanisms supsend or downclock the CPU and it cools down. Then you trigger some CPU-intensive function, the CPU runs on full load for 10 seconds and warms up, then cools down.
Does frequently warming up and cooling down a chip in the manner described above have negative effect on the chip lifetime?

A: It possibly would, however the effect would be negligible relatively to the usable life of a laptop, technology wise.
Besides, running hot consistently would probably be almost as bad (if not more).
I'd be more worried about electromigration in your CPU (technically around, I guess...) when it's running on full juice than it cooling down and heating up.

A: I have never personally seen data on a processor's expected lifetime. As long as the part is kept within the datasheet specifications (no overclocking), I would expect at least 5-10 years out of a part. It is more likely that something on the motherboard would go out before the processor.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home Editorials of Interest Taipei Times Human rights, the TRA's legacy
Human rights, the TRA's legacy
Wednesday, 24 April 2019 04:21	John J. Tkacik, Jr.	Editorials of Interest	- Taipei Times
I don't know if anyone, inside or outside Taiwan, wants another paean to the US' Taiwan Relations Act (TRA) on its 40th birthday on April 10. However, it pains me, as a young US foreign service officer assigned to human rights duties on the Taiwan desk at the US Department of State 40 years ago, that forgotten in all the congratulatory hubbub is the most significant and long-lasting legacy of that law:
Section 2(c) of the act reads: "Nothing contained in this chapter shall contravene the interest of the United States in human rights, especially with respect to the human rights of all the approximately eighteen million inhabitants of Taiwan. The preservation and enhancement of the human rights of all the people on Taiwan are hereby reaffirmed as objectives of the United States."
US Senate conservatives like senators Barry Goldwater and Hugh Scott were determined that there be a substitute for the lapsed US-ROC (Republic of China) Mutual Defense Treaty. This, the TRA was.
Nor was the act merely an adjustment in US law that permitted continued "commercial, cultural and other relations" with Taiwan as an independent foreign country with the least amount of legal fuss, as the department insisted. This, it accomplished.
However, in apposition to these hard practicalities, Senate and US House of Representatives moderates and liberals insisted that, if the US was to make unique laws governing relations with specific countries, then such countries must, absolutely, be paragons of American values: freedom, democracy, equality, and individual social and political rights. Taiwan, alas, was not exactly such a country in 1979.
Within a year of passing the TRA, things got worse. Press freedoms in Taiwan, tenuous at best, but nonetheless improving into December 1979, were quashed following a protest on UN Human Rights Day.
Dozens were arrested and eight of the demonstration's putative leaders were imprisoned on charges of treason. Before the TRA was a year old, the mother and children of one leader were slashed to death in vicious retribution in their home, in broad daylight, while under 24-hour police surveillance.
For the TRA's second birthday, Chen Wen-chen (陳文成), an assistant professor at Pittsburgh's Carnegie Mellon University, was murdered in Taipei after nine hours of political interrogation by Taiwan's military police.
Under the terms of the TRA, the US Congress launched a series of human rights hearings into Taiwan's human rights. I was responsible for keeping Capitol Hill staffers and members informed every step of the way, and apprised of the comprehensive and frank reports from the American Institute in Taiwan.
Each of these outrages, imprisonments, murders, secret interrogations triggered further congressional oversight and, in desperation, legislation to sever defense ties with countries that so abused their own citizens.
Then, in 1984, Taiwan's secret service assassinated dissident Henry Liu (劉宜良) — also known as Chiang Nan (江南) — in his own driveway in a neighborhood in San Francisco.
Under the Congress' new sanctions laws, then-US president Ronald Reagan delivered a drastic ultimatum to then-president Chiang Ching-kuo (蔣經國): Immediately arrest, try, convict (yes, "convict") and imprison at least for life (death certainly was an unspoken option) all the perpetrators, or else all US defense cooperation would cease. Moreover, there must be immediate and meaningful political reforms.
It was a miracle! Chiang obliged. Top secret police and martial law officials were purged; a true, and broad-based opposition party was established; a respected Taiwanese politician was named Chiang's vice president (and, quite unexpectedly, became his successor).
For the TRA's 10th birthday, Taiwan had its first ethnic Taiwanese president.
I believe that today's democratic freedoms in Taiwan were midwifed by the unshakeable US commitment to human rights in the first decade of the TRA.
The persistent and relentless pressures from the Congress and the president came to fruition in the 1990 "Wild Lily Movement" and a subsequent and earthshaking overhaul of Taiwan's Constitution. Before the TRA was 20 years old, Taiwan had become Asia's freest democracy.
And today, with the support and encouragement of the US, Taiwan has become arguably the most dynamic and vibrant democracy in Asia.
For 40 years, the TRA has been the statutory basis for the US' continued commercial, cultural and "other relations" with Taiwan.
On its 40th birthday, the Taiwan Relations Act has unexpectedly drifted to the center the US' role in the Indo-Pacific region. It has the potential to buttress the US' security relationships with the entire region's democracies by strengthening the geographic center of the Indo-Pacific network.
Surely, Taiwan is the paragon of freedom, economic success and international cooperation and a partner in regional development that the 96th Congress of 1979 envisioned in Section 2(c) of the TRA. What's not to like?
John J. Tkacik, Jr is a retired US foreign service officer who served in Taipei and Beijing and is now director of the Future Asia Project at the International Assessment and Strategy Center.
Former president Chen Shui-bian, left, and his son, Chen Chih-chung, stand on stage at a campaign event in Kaohsiung on Saturday last week.
Photo: Chang Chung-yi, Taipei Times
Taichung Prison yesterday announced that it has banned former president Chen Shui-bian (陳水扁) from attending events of a political nature after he breached agreements with the prison by taking the stage at a campaign event last week.


text:
Work management software
2018. Work management software provider Asana gets $50M
Asana, a service that teams and individuals use to plan and track the progress of work projects, has raised another $50 million in funding with a $1.5 billion valuation — to invest in international and product expansion. Asana has lately been focused on international growth — half of its new sales are already coming from outside the US — and expanding its product as it inches toward profitability. Specifically, it plans to open an AWS-based data center in Frankfurt in the first half of next year, and it will set down more roots in Asia-Pacific, with offices in Sydney and Tokyo. It is also hiring in both markets. Asana has customers in 195 countries and six languages, and it looks like it's homing in on these two regions because it's seeing the most traction there.
2014. Project Management app Wrike improves customization options
Work management and collaboration service Wrike unveiled so-called "dynamic platform," that gives users the ability to customize the service to their needs. The new Custom Fields let you configure each project to track exactly what you need. Need to track budgets? Priority? Custom statuses? No problem. Whether you're in Product Development, Marketing, Finance, or any other team, you can now configure your projects with exactly what matters to you. This feature is available to Wrike Enterprise customers. Also the new feature is Table View that works like a spreadsheet, making it easier to use for project planning. Besides, Wrike added integrations with Evernote, Wufoo, Zendesk, and more tools.
2014. Smartsheet helps companies to visualize their teamwork
Smartsheet, the spreadsheet-based project and work management platform, is now making it easier for companies to understand how their employees actually work and to get better visibility into what's happening in their companies. Ideally, that means tracking all the different projects and people involved in them in a company. With Smartsheet Account Maps you can see who runs most of the projects in a group, for example (which is great for when you ask for a raise) or who doesn't (which isn't so great when it's time for your annual report). But you can also see the connections between different groups. By default, Smartsheet makes a basic map available to all users.
2014. 37Signals renames to Basecamp, discontinues development of other products
37Signals was one of pioneers on the SaaS market. In 2004, they launched the project management service Basecamp, which still remains one of the most popular apps in this category. Today it's used by 15 million users. Many of them believe that Basecamp is the trendsetter in web-app design. But besides Basecamp everybody know 37Signals CEO - Jason Fried. He is the author of books Getting Real and ReWork. He is a huge fan of small business and startup spirit. Despite the great success of Basecamp he managed to keep the company in the format of startup (now it employs just 43 people). Jason even tried to reduce the number of customers to restrain growth. And now he has come up with a new idea - to frozen the development of all other products (CRM system Highrise, group chat Campfire, task-manager Ta-Da List, wiki Writeboard, organizer Backpack) and focus all attention on Basecamp. And, if so, he also decided to rename company from 37Signals to Basecamp to keep it short and beautiful. If you use 37Signals products, that are going to be frozen - don't panic. They will continue to work and will be supported in future. But they won't get new features any more.
2012. Zoho Projects 4.0 - beautiful like Basecamp
Usually new versions of Zoho services bring a lot of new features, because Indian developers can't refuse their clients that need something special. But at this time (in the case of the new version Zoho Projects 4.0) they left the new features alone and focused on design, usability and speed. After all, the project management trendsetter - Basecamp does so, and Zoho always copies the best things to its products. The new Zoho Projects interface is really simple, beautiful, comfortable and fast. And like the new Basecamp, it simulates a white sheet of paper on a desktop, and uses the effect of sheet layers. We especially like the project activite feed with universal add-item form: you can quickly and easily add statuses, messages, tasks and files. And regarding the functionality - Zoho Projects is still one of the most powerfull solutions. In addition to tasks and projects, it contains bug tracker, time tracker, file storage with document editors, wikis, forums, chat. For now the new Zoho Projects interface is available on par with the old one - you can use the one that you like.
Top 25 Project Management software
1 Asana
2 Monday.com
3 Wrike
4 Smartsheet
5 Basecamp
6 Microsoft Project
7 Clickup
8 Teamwork
9 Airtable
10 Microsoft Planner
calendars Project tracking Timeline software Enterprise Work management bpm Online collaboration software Free Small Business Freelancer workplace AI Producteev
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For your convenience, Governor Juan F. Luis Hospital & Medical Center accepts a variety of payment options, pay by phone, Visa®, MasterCard®, American Express®, Discover®, personal checks, money orders, and cash. Please do not send cash through the mail. Cash will only be accepted in person at the cashier's office and you will be given a receipt.
Medicaid is a health assistance program financed by federal, state, and local taxes to help pay hospital and medical costs for persons of low income. You can visit Medicaid.gov and learn more about this program, as well as identify if you may be eligible.


text:
Google Sued By Daily Mail Owner Over Search Engine's Dominance
Filed Under:Antitrust, Daily Mail, Google, Monopoly, Mountain View
MOUNTAIN VIEW (CBS SF/AP) — Associated Newspapers, the owner of the Daily Mail, filed a lawsuit against Google Monday, claiming the tech company's dominance in online advertising harms Daily Mail's business.
The suit, filed Monday in federal court in New York, says Google punishes publishers' search results if they don't sell enough ad space through Google and that its control over the ad market depresses prices for publishers.
"Google wields its monopoly search engine to entrench its ad-tech dominance," the suit alleges, citing instances when Daily Mail's traffic from search fell unexpectedly.
The company says that since the beginning of 2021, its U.S. search traffic to its website, known for celebrity photos and tabloid stories, has dropped by more than 50%.
Google said in an emailed statement that the Daily Mail's claims are inaccurate and that use of its ad tech tools "has no bearing" on a publisher's search results in Google. The company said it will defend against the claims.
Google commands about 29% of the U.S. digital ad market, according to eMarketer. Facebook takes 25% of it and Amazon, 10%.
Federal and state antitrust authorities have sued Google. The Justice Department alleges that Google abuses its dominance in online search and advertising.
It's also not the first time Google has faced an antitrust suit from a publisher. A West Virginia newspaper company, HD Media, sued Google and Facebook in January.
The newspaper industry has been on a long decline with the advent of the internet, and online ad revenues have not offset print-ad losses. That's led to newsroom cuts and publications thinning out and shutting down. Newer, online-only news sites like BuzzFeed and Vox have also faced pressure, and companies have been merging in recent years.
Associated Newspapers Ltd., a British media company, owns the Daily Mail tabloid in the U.K. and its website, which is known as MailOnline in the U.K. Its U.S. headquarters in New York opened in 2011. The company says its website has 225 million monthly readers, with 75 million in the U.S.


I have been working A LOT of overtime lately. Frankly, I am impressed that I have been able to post as much as I have, but I won't have time for today. I did want to tell you there is another sale over at J.Crew for 30% off of their sale items. It is only valid until Thursday. I will try to point out some of my favorites when I get a chance. I'll be back soon!
Thanks for being such faithful readers!


The son of a restorer, from 1947 to 1958 Pistoletto worked in his father's workshop in Turin. During the 1950s, he also started realising figurative paintings and self portraits, and began exhibiting his works in 1955. In 1960, the Galleria Galatea in Turin hosted his first solo show.
In the early 1960s, Pistoletto started painting on monochrome and metallic backgrounds. He later chose to print photorealistic scenes on polished steel plates, a method which made the observer "melt" into the image represented. In 1961-1962, he began making his emblematic "Mirror Paintings", consisting of painted figures or printed photographic images on human size mirrors. Through these, the artist questioned the constantly changing realities in which the work finds itself, and opened up perspective, thus reversing the Renaissance spatial theories. A foundation of Pistoletto's subsequent artistic research and theoretical thought, the mirrors aim at producing, with their reflective properties, an interactive dialogue between the viewer and the image in front of them. In addition, the spectator is given a central role in the artwork, literally becoming part of it, as his mirrored image seems to interact with the printed motif.
At the end of the 1970s, after having withdrawn from the art scene for a few years, Pistoletto began drawing on antiquity and started producing sculptures, heads and torsos, using materials such as polyurethane and steel. He also pursued performance and theatre projects, especially in Italy and the USA, such as Anno Uno, presented in March 1981 in the Teatro Quirino, Rome. The artist has been living and working in Turin since 1990.
Pistoletto's intensive artistic career as a major representative of Arte Povera granted him several acknowledgments, such as the Venice Biennale's Golden Lion for Lifelong Achievement in 2003, the Laurea Honoris Causa in Political Science by the University of Turin in 2004, and Tokyo's Praemium Imperiale for Painting in 2013. Among the museums that dedicated retrospectives to his work are the Walker Art Center, Minneapolis (1966), the Palais des Beaux Arts, Brussels (1967), the Nationalgalerie, Berlin (1978), and the Musée du Louvre, Paris (2013). His works also feature in the modern and contemporary collections of leading museums, including the Galleria degli Uffizi in Florence, the Tate Modern in London, the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Centre Georges Pompidou in Paris, and the Galleria Nazionale d'arte moderna in Rome. The artist participated twelve times - from 1966 to 2011- in the Venice Biennale, and four times in Documenta Kassel, from 1968 to 1997.
In 1996, Pistoletto founded the art city Cittadelarte-Fondazione Pistoletto, hosted in a discarded textile factory near Biella. Conceived as both a centre and workshop, it aims to bring art into active relation with different spheres of society, in order to inspire and produce responsible social change.


text:
Q: If I update a parent object with a reference to a child object, will it update the child? Example code:
List<Parent> parents = [SELECT Id, (SELECT Id FROM Children) FROM Parent];

for (Parent p:parents)
{
    for (Child c:p.Children)
    {
        //Some code, changes fields on children
    }
}

update parents;

Would the update on the parent object update the child objects as well, as the Children list is referenced in the parent object? Or do I have to explicitly tell salesforce which objects to update?

A: Simply put No, you cannot update through relationships like that.
Likewise if you did
List<Child> Children= [SELECT Id, Parent__r.Name FROM Child];

for (Child c : Children)
{
   c.Parent__r.Name = 'New Name'
}

update children;

Will not update the Parent's Name field.


text:
namespace yocs_msgs
{

  class LocalizeAction : public ros::Msg
  {
    public:
      typedef yocs_msgs::LocalizeActionGoal _action_goal_type;
      _action_goal_type action_goal;
      typedef yocs_msgs::LocalizeActionResult _action_result_type;
      _action_result_type action_result;
      typedef yocs_msgs::LocalizeActionFeedback _action_feedback_type;
      _action_feedback_type action_feedback;

    LocalizeAction():
      action_goal(),
      action_result(),
      action_feedback()
    {
    }

    virtual int serialize(unsigned char *outbuffer) const
    {
      int offset = 0;
      offset += this->action_goal.serialize(outbuffer + offset);
      offset += this->action_result.serialize(outbuffer + offset);
      offset += this->action_feedback.serialize(outbuffer + offset);
      return offset;
    }

    virtual int deserialize(unsigned char *inbuffer)
    {
      int offset = 0;
      offset += this->action_goal.deserialize(inbuffer + offset);
      offset += this->action_result.deserialize(inbuffer + offset);
      offset += this->action_feedback.deserialize(inbuffer + offset);
     return offset;
    }

    const char * getType(){ return "yocs_msgs/LocalizeAction"; };
    const char * getMD5(){ return "fd676593c44fcb6e96ae1a023d9f596d"; };

  };

}
#endif


NACOGDOCHES, TX (KTRE) - Internationally-acclaimed dance troupe Step Afrika! is bringing its high-energy performance to the Stephen F. Austin State University campus Friday night.
Step Afrika! also travels internationally to introduce stepping to audiences around the world.
The show starts at 7:30 p.m. Ticket prices for Friday night's performance start at $25 for adults, $20 for seniors, and $10 for non-SFA students and youth. Tickets for SFA students start at $3.


Whilst a BIM environment is focused on creating a virtual model in 3D to ensure an accurate prototype, the output in drawing terms ranges from a photorealistic render right through to a traditional 2D working drawing. The benefit is that all views and presentation materials are produced directly from the same single model ensuring reliability, consistency and accuracy of all information produced.
This process connects all of the material, views & drawings that are produced. One change anywhere in the model means a change everywhere, all views and drawings are automatically changed. Never again will your working drawings differ from what has been approved at planning and avoid sales images and sales dimensions differing from what is being produced on site. Adoption of BIM procedures avoids issues, such as window schedules not matching the plans and elevations… such problems no longer affect our drawings or those of the consultants in our preferred design team.
One of the greatest benefits BIM brings is exceptional co-ordination throughout the entire project.
Traditional project processes consist of Concept Drawings – Planning Drawings – Working Drawings – Sales material.
Each of these stages usually overlap and require starting drawings from scratch at each stage to avoid problems and inaccuracies travelling onto the next stage or to avoid conflict with different drawing packages. The technique to avoid this was to embark on a redraw at each stage. The BIM process avoids this complete waste of time and money.
The adoption of Revit Software and a BIM process allows us to commence the concept drawings, the planning drawings, working drawings and sales images at the same time, meaning the later stages of a traditional project are commenced much earlier in the BIM process which safely condenses the period between project inception and construction.
Furthermore because all information is produced concurrently from one model, amendments made at the later stages of the project requiring re-submission to planners, can be produced quickly and with very little effort, saving time and avoiding the large un-budgeted additional costs, associated with late changes in a tight program.
By way of producing an intelligent virtual working model our prototype contains far less areas of risk than would usually be the case. The model can contain an unlimited amount of information, which can be attached to or embedded into the model. This allows us to offer a complete building facilities management service, of particular interest to clients with an extensive property portfolio.
The building model can be passed to you, or maintained safely here at NC Architects, for future reference. Never again will you have to phone contractors or plough through often lengthy and unmanageable building manuals. Never again will you suffer from lack of, or lost information. We can make it as simple as identifying the component in question and looking at its properties in the virtual model environment to find out everything that is relevant to that component.
NC Architects can even be retained to keep your building model up to date as alterations or changes are made, to ensure accuracy of information.
NC Architects have made it possible for you to place you entire project in the hands of a single capable BIM compliant consultant who can take your project from inception right through to completion and beyond, saving you time, money and stress in the process.


We have had an influx of new cats and kittens over the past couple of weeks that have certainly kept me on my toes. Getting to know them all has been an enjoyable challenge. Most are now back home after their holidays but more newbies arrive daily. Today we welcomed Pumpkin & Scratch and Luna, Jack, Daisy and after a struggle their friend Jimmy Chui (he was playing hard to get). Yesterday Sasha arrived and on Tuesday Garfield. Monday brought us Oscar and Curtis & Wolfie.
Another beautiful sunny day, the cats all out on their shelves soaking up the rays, the birds in their cote shading from the sun, the fish basking in the pond and the horses grazing peacefully in the paddocks beyond. It's at times like this I appreciate how lucky I am to have such a super job.
Fifi the black long hair is watching other guests arrive from her window, Hazel is sunbathing whilst waiting for her lift home, Baboushka is enjoying the sunshine reclining on her outside shelf and Mitzi & Smudge are having an afternoon snooze.
Sadly cats are losing at the moment... Vote now people! CLOSES Wednesday!


text:
David Roston established his law practice in Iowa City to assist families and children needing special education services. As a member of the Council of Parents, Attorneys, and Advocates he has secured training in the area of special education law.
Mr. Roston practiced law in Chicago for thirty-three years prior to relocating to Iowa City. For twenty years he was a partner in the international law firm of Altheimer & Gray concentrating his practice in business litigation. During that time he successfully litigated matters involving a wide range of business problems including the successful resolution of lawsuits including
price fixing in the industrial gas, vinegar and pharmaceutical industries
defense of price discrimination claim in the sale of an industrial product
representation of shareholders in reorganizations of private and publicly held corporations
reinsurance fraud
fraudulent procurement of workers' compensation coverage
sale and leaseback of an office building
unauthorized contract to sell a major shopping center
breach of contract to customize computer software
Mr. Roston also spent several years in representing employers in connection with ERISA and other employee benefit matters and representing the manager of institutional real estate investments in connection with the management of the investors' real estate assets.
During his career Mr. Roston came to understand the importance of focusing on the essentials of his clients legal concerns. That focus enabled him to develop the expertise in unfamiliar substantive areas necessary to provide appropriate advice and advocacy. Mr. Roston's decision to assist families navigating through the special education system is founded on his long experience in representing clients with diverse problems. He understands the needs of children from his experience with his autistic grandson and his experience as a high school teacher with special needs students.
Mr. Roston is licensed to practice law in the states of Iowa and Illinois. In addition he has been admitted to practice before the United States Supreme Court, the United States Courts of Appeal for the Third and Seventh Circuits, and the United States Tax Court. He has represented clients in the United States District Courts in Arizona, Michigan, Illinois, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Wisconsin, and Utah. He has represented clients in the courts of Illinois at all levels, trial court in Iowa and in Missouri at both the trial and appellate level.
Brandeis University, B.A. cum laude 1964
Harvard University, J.D. cum laude 1967
Northwestern University, M.S.Ed 2001
Iowa City Special Education Attorney
Contact Us | Site Map | Privacy Policy
The only purpose of these materials is to provide general information.Do not treat these materials as legal advice. Internet subscribers and online readers should not act upon this information without seeking professional assistance. You do not become Mr. Roston's client or he your attorney as a result of reading these materials or contacting Mr. Roston by email or any other means.You do not become Mr. Roston's client and he does not become your lawyer when you receive information from this website or by email, fax or other communication.
NOTICE - While Mr. Roston would like to hear from you, he cannot represent you until he knows that doing so will not create a conflict-of-interest. Accordingly, please do not send any confidential informationabout any matter that may involve you until he requests specific information or you receive a written statement from him indicating that he represents you (an "engagement letter").
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Synopsis: Obsessively punctual FedEx executive Chuck Noland (Tom Hanks) is en route to an assignment in Malaysia when his plane crashes over the Pacific Ocean during a storm. The sole survivor of the flight, Chuck washes ashore on a deserted island. When his efforts to sail away and contact help fail, Chuck learns how to survive on the island, where he remains for years, accompanied by only his handmade volleyball friend, Wilson. Will Chuck ever return to civilization and reunite with his loved ones?


Paper One of the IB History syllabus in a sourcework paper lasting one hour.
For details of the structure of the questions, download: sourcework markscheme and guidance: handout for students.
Here at the International School of Toulouse I focus on the fourth option: "Rights and Protest". This is because I have constructed a syllabus focusing on Modern history (see my IB History curriculum map), but I teach the Move to Global War at IGCSE and don't like repeating topics; whilst the Conflict and Intervention topic strikes me as even more bleak and harrowing. In contrast, the Rights and Protest topic is an inspirational topic centered around the struggles of Nelson Mandela in Apartheid South Africa and the Civil Rights Struggle of Martin Luther King Jr. and other heroic figures in the USA. It also provides some great opportunities for Theory of Knowledge connections, especially in relation to notions of when it is justifiable or even morally necessary to oppose a government and break laws - even to the extent of using violence.
ending with the imprisonment of Nelson Mandela and his co-defendants following the Rivonia trial in 1964.
This case study explores protests against apartheid in South Africa. It focuses specifically on the years 1948-1964, beginning with the election of the National Party in 1948 and ending with the imprisonment of Nelson Mandela and his co-defendants following the Rivonia trial in 1964. I have produced comprehensive teaching and support materials on this unit that are already fully available on the website. I teach this topic at the start of Year 12 as per my new IB History curriculum map.
I have already produced a Sourcework markscheme and guidance for students document based on the IB syllabus. I share this with students from the outset of the course and they are encouraged to refer to this regularly whenever we have any sourcework practice assignments.
I am also in the process of producing a series of sourcework assignments which will enable teachers and students to practice their sourcework skills regularly throughout the studies. All of these will be in the style of the IB and I will provide model answers that can be used as follow-up discussion material in class.
Click here to view a wide range of sample sourcework exercises and model answers for "Rights and Protest"


text:
NETBible KJV GRK-HEB XRef Arts Hymns
Leviticus 1:1-17
Introduction to the Sacrificial Regulations
1:1 Then the Lord called to Moses and spoke to him 1 from the Meeting Tent: 2 1:2 "Speak to the Israelites and tell them, 'When 3 someone 4 among you presents an offering 5 to the Lord, 6 you 7 must present your offering from the domesticated animals, either from the herd or from the flock. 8
Burnt Offering Regulations: Animal from the Herd
1:3 "'If his offering is a burnt offering 9 from the herd he must present it as a flawless male; he must present it at the entrance 10 of the Meeting Tent for its 11 acceptance before the Lord. 1:4 He must lay his hand on the head of the burnt offering, and it will be accepted for him to make atonement 12 on his behalf. 1:5 Then the one presenting the offering 13 must slaughter the bull 14 before the Lord, and the sons of Aaron, the priests, must present the blood and splash 15 the blood against the sides of the altar which is at the entrance of the Meeting Tent. 1:6 Next, the one presenting the offering 16 must skin the burnt offering and cut it into parts, 1:7 and the sons of Aaron, the priest, 17 must put fire on the altar and arrange wood on the fire. 1:8 Then the sons of Aaron, the priests, must arrange the parts with the head and the suet 18 on the wood that is in the fire on the altar. 19 1:9 Finally, the one presenting the offering 20 must wash its entrails and its legs in water and the priest must offer all of it up in smoke on the altar 21 – it is 22 a burnt offering, a gift 23 of a soothing aroma to the Lord.
Animal from the Flock
1:10 "'If his offering is from the flock for a burnt offering 24 – from the sheep or the goats – he must present a flawless male, 1:11 and must slaughter it on the north side of the altar before the Lord, and the sons of Aaron, the priests, will splash its blood against the altar's sides. 1:12 Next, the one presenting the offering 25 must cut it into parts, with its head and its suet, and the priest must arrange them on the wood which is in the fire, on the altar. 1:13 Then the one presenting the offering must wash the entrails and the legs in water, and the priest must present all of it and offer it up in smoke on the altar – it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord.
From the Birds
1:14 "'If his offering to the Lord is a burnt offering from the birds, 26 he must present his offering from the turtledoves or from the young pigeons. 27 1:15 The priest must present it at the altar, pinch off 28 its head and offer the head 29 up in smoke on the altar, and its blood must be drained out against the side of the altar. 1:16 Then the priest 30 must remove its entrails by cutting off its tail feathers, 31 and throw them 32 to the east side of the altar into the place of fatty ashes, 1:17 and tear it open by its wings without dividing it into two parts. 33 Finally, the priest must offer it up in smoke on the altar on the wood which is in the fire – it is a burnt offering, a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord.
Sacrificial Instructions for the Priests: The Burnt Offering
6:8 (6:1) 34 Then the Lord spoke to Moses: 35 6:9 "Command Aaron and his sons, 'This is the law of the burnt offering. The burnt offering is to remain on the hearth 36 on the altar all night until morning, and the fire of the altar must be kept burning on it. 37 6:10 Then the priest must put on his linen robe and must put linen leggings 38 over his bare flesh, and he must take up the fatty ashes of the burnt offering that the fire consumed on the altar, 39 and he must place them 40 beside the altar. 6:11 Then he must take off his clothes and put on other clothes, and he must bring the fatty ashes outside the camp to a ceremonially 41 clean place, 6:12 but the fire which is on the altar must be kept burning on it. 42 It must not be extinguished. So the priest must kindle wood on it morning by morning, and he must arrange the burnt offering on it and offer the fat of the peace offering up in smoke on it. 6:13 A continual fire must be kept burning on the altar. It must not be extinguished.
1 tn Heb "And he (the Lord) called (וַיִּקְרָא, vayyiqra') to Moses and the Lord spoke (וַיְדַבֵּר, vayÿdabber) to him from the tent of meeting." The MT assumes "Lord" in the first clause but places it in the second clause (after "spoke"). This is somewhat awkward, especially in terms of English style; most English versions reverse this and place "Lord" in the first clause (right after "called"). The Syriac version does the same.
sn The best explanation for the MT of Lev 1:1 arises from its function as a transition from Exod 40 to Lev 1. The first clause, "And he (the Lord) called to Moses," links v. 1 back to Exod 40:35, "But Moses was not able to enter into the tent of meeting because the cloud had settled on it and the glory of the Lord had filled the tabernacle" (cf. J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:134). Exod 40:36-38 is a parenthetical explanation of the ongoing function of the cloud in leading the people through the wilderness. Since Moses could not enter the tent of meeting, the Lord "called" to him "from" the tent of meeting.
2 sn The second clause of v. 1, "and the Lord spoke to him from the tent of meeting, saying," introduces the following discourse. This is a standard introductory formula (see, e.g., Exod 20:1; 25:1; 31:1; etc.). The combination of the first and second clauses is, therefore, "bulky" because of the way they happen to be juxtaposed in this transitional verse (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 8). The first clause of v. 1 connects the book back to the end of the Book of Exodus while the second looks forward the ritual legislation that follows in Lev 1:2ff. There are two "Tents of Meeting": the one that stood outside the camp (see, e.g., Exod 33:7) and the one that stood in the midst of the camp (Exod 40:2; Num 2:2ff) and served as the Lord's residence until the construction of the temple in the days of Solomon (Exod 27:21; 29:4; 1 Kgs 8:4; 2 Chr 5:5, etc.; cf. 2 Sam 7:6). Exod 40:35 uses both "tabernacle" and "tent of meeting" to refer to the same tent: "Moses could not enter the tent of meeting because the cloud had settled on it, and the glory of the Lord filled the tabernacle." It is clear that "tent of meeting" in Lev 1:1 refers to the "tabernacle." The latter term refers to the tent as a "residence," while the former refers to it as a divinely appointed place of "meeting" between God and man (see R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:873-77 and 2:1130-34). This corresponds to the change in terms in Exod 40:35, where "tent of meeting" is used when referring to Moses' inability to enter the tent, but "tabernacle" when referring to the Lord taking up residence there in the form of the glory cloud. The quotation introduced here extends from Lev 1:2 through 3:17, and encompasses the burnt, grain, and peace offering regulations. Compare the notes on Lev 4:1; 5:14; and 6:1 [5:20 HT] below.
3 tn "When" here translates the MT's כִּי (ki, "if, when"), which regularly introduces main clauses in legislative contexts (see, e.g., Lev 2:1, 4; 4:2, etc.) in contrast to אִם ('im, "if"), which usually introduces subordinate sections (see, e.g., Lev 1:3, 10, 14; 2:5, 7, 14; 4:3, 13, etc.; cf. כִּי in Exod 21:2 and 7 as opposed to אִם in vv. 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, and 11).
sn Lev 1:1-2 serves as a heading for Lev 1-3 (i.e., the basic regulations regarding the presentation of the burnt, grain, and peace offerings) and, at the same time, leads directly into the section on "burnt offerings" in Lev 1:3. In turn, Lev 1:3-17 divides into three subsections, all introduced by אִם "if" (Lev 1:3-9, 10-13, and 14-17, respectively). Similar patterns are discernible throughout Lev 1:2-6:7 [5:26 HT].
4 tn Heb "a man, human being" (אָדָם, 'adam), which in this case refers to any person among "mankind," male or female, since women could also bring such offerings (see, e.g., Lev 12:6-8; 15:29-30; cf. HALOT 14 s.v. I אָדָם); cf. NIV "any of you."
5 tn The verb "presents" is cognate to the noun "offering" in v. 2 and throughout the book of Leviticus (both from the root קרב [qrb]). One could translate the verb "offers," but this becomes awkward and, in fact, inaccurate in some passages. For example, in Lev 9:9 this verb is used for the presenting or giving of the blood to Aaron so that he could offer it to the Lord. The blood is certainly not being "offered" as an offering to Aaron there.
6 tn The whole clause reads more literally, "A human being (אָדָם, 'adam), if he brings from among you an offering to the Lord."
7 tn The shift to the second person plural verb here corresponds to the previous second person plural pronoun "among you." It is distinct from the regular pattern of third person singular verbs throughout the rest of Lev 1-3. This too labels Lev 1:1-2 as an introduction to all of Lev 1-3, not just the burnt offering regulations in Lev 1 (J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:146; cf. note 3 above).
8 tn Heb "from the domesticated animal, from the herd, and from the flock." It is clear from the subsequent division between animals from the "herd" (בָּקָר, baqar, in Lev 1:3-9) and the "flock" (צֹאן, tso'n; see Lev 1:10-13) that the term for "domesticated animal" (בְּהֵמָה, bÿhemah) is a general term meant to introduce the category of pastoral quadrupeds. The stronger disjunctive accent over בְּהֵמָה in the MT as well as the lack of a vav (ו) between it and בָּקָר also suggest בְּהֵמָה is an overall category that includes both "herd" and "flock" quadrupeds.
sn The bird category (Lev 1:14-17) is not included in this introduction because bird offerings were, by and large, concessions to the poor (cf., e.g., Lev 5:7-10; 12:8; 14:21-32) and, therefore, not considered to be one of the primary categories of animal offerings.
9 sn The burnt offering (עֹלָה, 'olah) was basically a "a gift of a soothing aroma to the Lord" (vv. 9, 13, 17). It could serve as a votive or freewill offering (e.g., Lev 22:18-20), an accompaniment of prayer and supplication (e.g., 1 Sam 7:9-10), part of the regular daily, weekly, monthly, and festival cultic pattern (e.g., Num 28-29), or to make atonement either alone (e.g., Lev 1:4; 16:24) or in combination with the grain offering (e.g., Lev 14:20) or sin offering (e.g., Lev 5:7; 9:7). See R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 4:996-1022.
10 tn Heb "door" (so KJV, ASV); NASB "doorway" (likewise throughout the book of Leviticus). The translation "door" or "doorway" may suggest a framed door in a casing to the modern reader, but here the term refers to the entrance to a tent.
11 tn The NIV correctly has "it" in the text, referring to the acceptance of the animal (cf., e.g., RSV, NEB, NLT), but "he" in the margin, referring to the acceptance of the offerer (cf. ASV, NASB, JB). The reference to a "flawless male" in the first half of this verse suggests that the issue here is the acceptability of the animal to make atonement on behalf of the offerer (Lev 1:4; cf. NRSV "for acceptance in your behalf").
12 tn "To make atonement" is the standard translation of the Hebrew term כִּפֶּר, (kipper); cf. however TEV "as a sacrifice to take away his sins" (CEV similar). The English word derives from a combination of "at" plus Middle English "one[ment]," referring primarily to reconciliation or reparation that is made in order to accomplish reconciliation. The primary meaning of the Hebrew verb, however, is "to wipe [something off (or on)]" (see esp. the goal of the sin offering, Lev 4, "to purge" the tabernacle from impurities), but in some cases it refers metaphorically to "wiping away" anything that might stand in the way of good relations by bringing a gift (see, e.g., Gen 32:20 [21 HT], "to appease; to pacify" as an illustration of this). The translation "make atonement" has been retained here because, ultimately, the goal of either purging or appeasing was to maintain a proper relationship between the Lord (who dwelt in the tabernacle) and Israelites in whose midst the tabernacle was pitched (see R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 2:689-710 for a full discussion of the Hebrew word meaning "to make atonement" and its theological significance).
13 tn Heb "Then he"; the referent (the offerer) has been specified in the translation for clarity. The LXX has "they" rather than "he," suggesting that the priests, not the offerer, were to slaughter the bull (cf. the notes on vv. 6a and 9a).
14 tn Heb "the son of the herd"; cf. KJV "bullock"; NASB, NIV "young bull."
15 tn "Splash" (cf. NAB) or "dash" (cf. NRSV) is better than "sprinkle," which is the common English translation of this verb (זָרַק, zaraq; see, e.g., KJV, NASB, NIV, NLT). "Sprinkle" is not strong enough (contrast נָזָה [nazah], which does indeed mean "to sprinkle" or "to splatter"; cf. Lev 4:6).
16 tn Heb "Then he"; the referent (the offerer) has been specified in the translation for clarity. The LXX and Smr have "they" rather than "he" in both halves of this verse, suggesting that the priests, not the offerer, were to skin and cut the carcass of the bull into pieces (cf. the notes on vv. 5a and 9a).
17 tc A few medieval Hebrew mss, Smr, LXX, Syriac, and Tg. Onq. have plural "priests" here (cf. 1:5, 8) rather than the MT singular "priest" (cf. NAB). The singular "priest" would mean (1) Aaron, the (high) priest, or (2) the officiating priest, as in Lev 1:9 (cf. 6:10 [3 HT], etc.). "The sons of Aaron" is probably a textual corruption caused by conflation with Lev 1:5, 8 (cf. the remarks in J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 13).
18 tc A few Hebrew mss, Smr, LXX, Syriac, and Tg. Onq. have the conjunction "and" before "the head," which would suggest the rendering "and the head and the suet" rather than the rendering of the MT here, "with the head and the suet."
sn "Suet" is the specific term used for the hard, fatty tissues found around the kidneys of sheep and cattle. A number of modern English versions have simplified this to "fat" (e.g., NIV, NCV, TEV, CEV, NLT).
19 tn Heb "on the wood, which is on the fire, which is on the altar." Cf. NIV "on the burning wood"; NLT "on the wood fire."
20 tn Heb "Finally, he"; the referent (the offerer) has been specified in the translation for clarity. Once again, the MT assigns the preparation of the offering (here the entrails and legs) to the offerer because it did not bring him into direct contact with the altar, but reserves the actual placing of the sacrifice on the altar for the officiating priest (cf. the notes on vv. 5a and 6a).
21 tn Heb "toward the altar," but the so-called locative ה (hey) attached to the word for "altar" can indicate the place where something is or happens (GKC 250 §90.d and GKC 373-74 §118.g; cf. also J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:161). This is a standard way of expressing "on/at the altar" with the verb "to offer up in smoke" (Hiphil of קָטַר [qatar]; cf. also Exod 29:13, 18, 25; Lev 1:9, 13, 15, 17; 2:2, etc.).
22 tc A few Hebrew mss and possibly the Leningrad B19a ms itself (the basis of the BHS Hebrew text of the MT), under an apparent erasure, plus Smr, LXX, Syriac, and Tg. Ps.-J. suggest that Hebrew הוּא (hu', translated as "it is") should be added here as in vv. 13 and 17. Whether or not the text should be changed, the meaning is the same as in vv. 13 and 17, so it has been included in the translation here.
23 sn The standard English translation of "gift" (אִשֶּׁה, 'isheh) is "an offering [made] by fire" (cf. KJV, ASV). It is based on a supposed etymological relationship to the Hebrew word for "fire" (אֵשׁ, 'esh) and is still maintained in many versions (e.g., NIV, RSV, NRSV, NLT; B. A. Levine, Leviticus [JPSTC], 7-8). For various reasons, including the fact that some offerings referred to by this term are not burned on the altar (see, e.g., Lev 24:9), it is probably better to understand the term to mean "gift" (J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 22) or "food gift" ("food offering" in NEB and TEV; J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:161-62). See R. E. Averbeck, NIDOTTE 1:540-49 for a complete discussion.
24 tn Heb "And if from the flock is his offering, from the sheep or from the goats, for a burnt offering." Here "flock" specifies the broad category, with "sheep or goats" giving specific examples.
25 tn Heb "Then he"; the referent (the offerer) has been specified in the translation for clarity (so also in v. 13).
26 tn Heb "from the [category] 'bird.'"
27 tn Heb "from the sons of the pigeon," referring either to "young pigeons" (cf. KJV, NASB, NIV, NLT) or "various species of pigeon" (contrast J. Milgrom, Leviticus [AB], 1:168, with J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 14).
28 tn The action here seems to involve both a twisting action, breaking the neck of the bird and severing its vertebrae, as well as pinching or nipping the skin to sever the head from the main body. Cf. NASB, NRSV "wring off its head"; NAB "snap its head loose"; NLT "twist off its head."
29 tn Many English versions have "it" here, referring to the head of the bird, which the priest immediately tossed on the altar fire. However, "it" could be misunderstood to refer to the bird's body, so "head" is repeated in the present translation for clarity. As the following lines show, certain things needed to be done to the body of the bird before it could be placed on the altar.
30 tn Heb "Then he"; the referent (apparently still the priest) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
31 tn This translation ("remove its entrails by [cutting off] its tail feathers") is based on the discussion in J. Milgrom, Leviticus (AB), 1:169-71, although he translates, "remove its crissum by its feathers." Others possibilities include "its crop with its contents" (Tg. Onq., cf. NIV, NRSV; J. E. Hartley, Leviticus [WBC], 23) or "its crop with its feathers" (LXX, NASB, RSV; "crop" refers to the enlarged part of a bird's gullet that serves a pouch for the preliminary maceration of food).
32 tn The pronoun "them" here is feminine singular in Hebrew and refers collectively to the entrails and tail wing which have been removed.
33 tn Heb "he shall not divide it." Several Hebrew mss, Smr, LXX, and Syriac have a vav on the negative, yielding the translation, "but he shall not divide it into two parts." Cf. NIV "not severing it completely" (NRSV similar).
34 sn Lev 6:8 in the English Bible = 6:1 in the Hebrew text. See also the note on 6:1.
35 sn The following paragraphs are Lev 6:8-30 in the English Bible but 6:1-23 in the Hebrew text. This initial verse makes the special priestly regulations for the people's burnt and grain offerings into a single unit (i.e., Lev 6:8-18 [6:1-11 HT]; cf. Lev 1-2 above). Note also the separate introductions for various priestly regulations in Lev 6:19 [12 HT], 24 [17 HT], and for the common people in Lev 7:22, 28 below.
36 tn Heb "It is the burnt offering on the hearth."
37 tn Heb "in it." In this context "in it" apparently refers to the "hearth" which was on top of the altar.
38 tn The exact nature of this article of the priest's clothing is difficult to determine. Cf. KJV, ASV "breeches"; NAB "drawers"; NASB, NIV, NRSV, NLT "undergarments"; NCV "underclothes"; CEV "underwear"; TEV "shorts."
39 tn Heb "he shall lift up the fatty ashes which the fire shall consume the burnt offering on the altar."
40 tn Heb "it," referring the "fatty ashes" as a single unit.
41 tn The word "ceremonially" has been supplied in the translation to clarify that the uncleanness of the place involved is ritual or ceremonial in nature.
42 tn Heb "in it," apparently referring to the "hearth" which was on top of the altar (cf. the note on v. 9).
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"But is there a more religious practice than the study of the psychology of God? To anticipate the policies of the Most High with earthly policies is indispensable if one wishes to get through life." Joseph and His Brothers, p. 1252 Can you see him winking at you? Mann, I mean. I can.
"The deeds and decisions of our lives are determined by proclivities, sympathies, fundamental attitudes, and critical experiences of the soul, which color our existence, tingeing all our actions and providing a far more genuine explanation for them than any of the rational reasons we put forward not only for other's actions, but for our own … More Why?


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