Music is a vibrant part of the worship experience and faith life here at First Baptist Church. Led by Dr. Esther Chang, the various choirs practice on Wednesday and Thursday evenings. In addition to providing music during our Worship services, in December and May we have Music Sunday, a worship experience showcasing the skills of our music program.
We are also proud of our organ, designed by Thad H.H. Outerbridge , which consists of forty-five ranks, thirty-seven couplers, forty-three combination pistons, six reversibles, and 2,322 pipes. Come listen to our organists make full use of this complex instrument!
You are invited to be part of one of the following opportunities to create vital and transforming music.
Singing in four-part harmony, the Sanctuary Adult Vocal Choir provides music for our Sunday morning worship service. The Sanctuary Choir, sometimes augmented by choristers from other churches and/or instrumentalists, provides concerts in addition to morning worship. Many of the members of the Sanctuary choir participate each year in community chorus presentations of Handel's Messiah at Christmas and Mozart's "Requiem" on Good Friday. The Sanctuary Choir rehearses every Thursday evening at 7:30 p.m.
During the summer, anyone who wishes to sing in the choir may meet with Esther in the Music Room (lower level of the church) at 9:15 a.m. to practice as the Pick-up Choir.
Children and Youth of the church family and wider community are invited to come make music together on the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th Sunday of each month, immediately following worship (11:15 or so). Those who would like to meet with Esther to begin singing together should come to the Music Room (lower level of the church), where they will be served at nut-free/peanut-free snack before making music together. These rehearsals last approximately 30 minutes.
JoyRingers Bell Choir (grade 4 and above), which rehearses every Sunday at 3:00 p.m.
Harborlight Ringers Bell Choir, which rehearses every Wednesday at 7:15 p.m.
Celebration Ringers Bell Choir, which rehearses every Thursday at 6:00 p.m.
All Bell Choirs rehearse in the Chapel on the lower level of the church.
Please contact Esther at eredington@fbcbeverly.org if you are interested in joining any one of our vocal or bell ensembles.
Periodically, throughout the church school year, our younger children will also have the opportunity to try their hand at ringing children's handbells (color-coded to the notes) during our Multiage Children's Class. They will then have the opportunity to share what they have been practicing in worship. Please contact Julie Flowers at jflowers@fbcbeverly.org with any questions about this initiative, which represents a fun crossover between our Music Department and our Christian Education Department!
Bells & Choir October 14, 2018 Esther Extravaganza!
Children's Choir at Esther Extravaganza!
Sunday, October 14, 2018 Esther Extravaganza!


text:
Aubrey McKee by Alex Pugsley
As I opened up my notes on this book, I felt a little overwhelmed – two pages of notes, back-to-back, in tiny print.
But that's not too surprising – Aubrey McKee is a big book and it takes place primarily in Halifax, Nova Scotia (where Alex Pugsley is originally from). So there was a lot to interest me. If you are familiar with Halifax at all – and especially if you grew up there in the 70s and 80s – you might consider this book a must-read.
I am from Halifax, saltwater city, a place of silted genius, sudden women, figures floating in all waters. "People from Halifax are all famous," my sister Faith has said. "Because everyone in Halifax knows each other's business."
I have written down a list of some recognizable Halifax places mentioned in the book – some fleetingly, others more substantially: Neptune Theater, Spring Garden Road, Park Lane mall, the Palace, Quinpool Road, Westmount, Sacred Heart, the IWK Children's Hospital, Gorsebrook Hill (sledding!), Point Pleasant Park, McNab's Island (the setting for Thomas Raddall's novel Hangman's Beach), and the Waegwoltic Club.
Aubrey McKee is a coming-of-age novel made up of short stories (some of which are quite long). It's full of fabulous sentences and probing paragraphs – an examination of the influences of friends, family, neighbours, teachers, time, and place that dictate what we do, how we react, and shape us into who we become. (In a comparative review by Marcie, Pugsley's prose is described as "exuberant and highly emotive" and she notes his "love of words".)
Each chapter/story takes us chronologically through Aubrey's life, from a young child to a young adult. Although his father and sisters play a part in his life, it's Aubrey's mother who stands out most; her unpredictable nature and her quick judgment of others: "It was not exactly anomalous for my mother to offer judgments about people she saw in the neighbourhood. As a rule, she was very free with her appraisals of character, conduct, possible imperfections. Why exactly she attached herself to a conclusion was sometimes hard to pinpoint–for, as we kids intuitively understood, her own biases shifted over time, so that someone who was a perfect asshole last week might be an absolute saint the next."
Aubrey was more affected by his parents' volatile relationship than he wanted to admit. "Though I walk the same streets I've always walked, past houses where inside my friends are indifferently watching 'Happy Days', for me it's as if a few land mines have detonated beneath the city somewhere. The landscape seems altered and desolate. I am often alone in my new room, tracing a Kamandi comic or scanning the TV listings for comedy movies. I find the unsupervised freedom distantly oppressive and, as I wait for a new normal to emerge, I reassure myself that my life is only somewhat suspended and that moments of fulfillment and euphoria are still possible."
Being one of five siblings did seem to result in a certain amount of freedom for Aubrey, though some of it unwanted. At the age of seven, he was admitted to hospital with a bone disorder. There he stayed for the whole summer: "I was so surprised by my new situation that I mostly pretended it wasn't happening…" And, at the end of his stay, took a taxi home by himself because no one in his family was able to meet him. But here, too, was one of my favourite parts of the book – how he met and made friends with the Purple-Faced Boy.
… a Guy with No Arms and No Legs. He was mostly just a head and I felt so humiliated and sorry for this purple-faced boy, who was living an existence he hadn't chosen but which he must have known was about as wretched as a human life could be–and I am ashamed even now as I write this–that on that first morning I couldn't look him in the eye and was too afraid to talk to him.
Aubrey's freedom also led him to meet and befriend–at the age of twelve–the known bully and drug dealer Fudge. It doesn't take long before Aubrey finds himself "morphing from Comic Book Nerd to Mysterious Stoner Outcast."
"You don't fool me, McKee, you smug little punk, smoking your drugs and mocking your betters, but when it gets rough you'll retreat into the coze and comfort of your South End family." And I was ashamed. Because in my heart I knew he was right.
Luckily, Aubrey has other friends who eventually become his new center, starring the "incomprehensible" Cyrus Mair. "I thought him reckless and exuberant and smart. He was fabulously weird."
The city of Halifax is, of course, its own character in this book. It is deeply considered by Aubrey as he thinks back on his formative years there. Like himself, it is full of contradictions: "frustrating and lovable", "crummy and magnificent".
… life in Halifax is rich with connection and overlap, with shared lives and shared relationships. It's almost impossible to be discrete there. Everyone's life complicates with connection–though complicate doesn't seem to adequately convey the saturated, interrelated confusion of its lives… I do think of Halifax as vast and big, rich and strange, changeless and changing, this mess of small eternities, and in my mind I've counted all the cracks in its sidewalks, seen all the tennis balls on its school rooftops, looked in the eye all its leading lights.
… this was Halifax as I knew it, as I lived it and felt it, and this pattern of reminiscences, these feats of recovery, these acts of betrayal, have become my Halifax Book. I have done my best to recover these moments, to display them as best I could, and to show the mysteries–and people–who were to me the city's truths.
Favourite paragraph: … if you were to yank open a drawer at our house, you'd find a blue Christmas tree lightbulb, a disembodied Barbie head with the hair hacked off, a baffling postcard from Uncle Lorne, a rusting Double A battery, one of my father's yellow legal pads, an unrinsed dental retainer, a capless red Flair marker, a school photograph of a kid caught mid-blink, a muffin recipe torn from a cereal box, traces of a broken Pringle's chip, a shriveled carrot. But slide open a drawer of the Benninger's and see only a clean stack of mint-condition Architectural Digest magazines. Or a silver cigarette box. Or a single brown dreidel on its side, just now settling to a stop, its rolling prompted by the drawer's gentle movement.
Favourite line: For a kid, the world seems full of too many people and not enough stories.
Halifax 2017 (photographed by Kate MacKinnon Sunabacka)
Kirkus Review: "The life of a Canadian city is revealed with verve and insight through the colorful stories of some of its inhabitants."
The Star: ""Aubrey McKee" is no austere, white-walled art gallery of a novel. It's abundant, highly decorated, and unafraid of extravagance, of stylistic excess..."
Lindy Pratch: "Not only is this the kind of literary fiction that you can really sink into, it also contains layers that reward rereading."
Thank you to Biblioasis for providing me with a copy of this book!
Posted in: Atlantic Canadian Books, Canadian Lit | Tagged: Alex Pugsley, Atlantic Canadian Literature, Aubrey McKee, canadian literature, coming-of-age, Halifax, Nova Scotia
From the Library: A Dystopian, a Thriller, and a Memoir
Watershed by Doreen Vanderstoop
24 thoughts on "Aubrey McKee by Alex Pugsley"
Very taken with the idea of a coming-of-age novel made up of short stories, not that I suspect I'll be able to buy it here. Never mind – I enjoyed your review, Naomi.
Thanks, Susan! You're always so kind to read my reviews even though acquiring the book might not be possible. 🙂
(Although, you never know which ones are going to make their way over to you…)
Cathy746books says:
This sounds great Naomi!
It is a great book for readers who don't mind spending some time with a book and its characters!
Lisa Hill says:
I love those lines about what you might find in a drawer. I think most of us have a drawer like that, one for all the things that don't belong in any particular drawer, so they gather there.
Me too! I just love what items he chose to include in his drawer… It makes me wonder if it was it an actual drawer, or imaginary?
Probably a bit of both.
The throwaway generation probably has pristine drawers, but older people who learned to be thrifty during the war, always kept things like bits of string, small bits of wrapping paper, paper bags, a spare battery, elastic bands and so on for re-use.
I'm somewhere between the two.
I think I'm more the "thrifty" type but try not to be!
LOL There's a fine line between being thrifty and hoarding…
Somebody in Australia is writing a novel about hoarding, due out later this year. Interesting topic, the only other one I know of on the same topic was Homer and Langley by EL Doctorow. Such a sad, sad story.
Hoarding IS an interesting topic. I often wonder what makes people hoard. (I'm not a hoarder – really!)
As I understand it, there's hoarding, and then there's pathological hoarding. It's a serious condition because it can destroy relationships and may also be a danger in the home.
Rebecca Foster says:
This sounds a bit like a John Irving novel. I imagine it's even more special if you know the places written about, but I could certainly be tempted (if, like Susan says, it's ever made available over here!).
I honestly don't know who or what to compare it to. But it's good for someone who appreciates words and sentences more than they do a quick read.
That's a fair comparison. I have a feeling that Aubrey would annoy you to bits though. LOL
I don't know Halifax at all but I love novels set clearly in a place, we can store up all that knowledge for when we do finally get there!
I feel the same way. If a setting is written about well, I can come away feeling like I already know the place even before I've been there!
I was completely entranced by the quote that listed the contents of their junk drawer!!! We have a few of these at our house, and the list of items would be similar to ours. Life is not worth living unless you have a few messy drawers like that!
I agree. Where else would I put all the random stuff?!
I definitely want to go to Halifax someday!
Also, aghast at the thought of a 7 year old with no one to take him home from the hospital!
I know!! Poor little guy! I would probably have moved right in!
I hope you're able to someday! 🙂
When I found out we were reading this at the same time (thanks, also, for linking to my review at PRISM–very kind), I was so excited, because I was itching to talk to someone about it. But, then, as it turns out, all I really wanted to say was, "Wow, Aubrey is a LOT. The definition of extra." The Halifax stuff, though-I loved that.
I remember that. But it's always good to know if it really *is* a lot, or if it's just you… right? haha
Aubrey *is* a lot, but there are so many great scenes in this book. And a lot of great stuff about Halifax!
Pingback: Shimmer by Alex Pugsley The Miramichi Reader

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


1 pound. Covers 200 square ft.
An unique blend of biochar, humectants, and fertilizer for reducing watering and drought stress, adding Iron to maintain green during hot months in Nitrogen and Phosphorus sensitive areas, decreasing seasonal defi ciencies of Potassium and Magnesium, and improving sandy soils.
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The December 2018 quarter (Q3) performance, which will highlight near-term prospects and valuations, will help gauge how the sector will do in 2019 for investors, say analysts.
The fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector was one of the best performing ones in 2018 (CY18), gaining 10.6 per cent. Steady volume and revenue growth, led by higher demand and a positive impact of the goods and services tax (GST), kept it on the top of investors' "buy" lists even as other sectors reported muted financial performances.


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These utilize a simple white-purple-black scheme but also feature a splattered midsole, an intricate pattern at the ankle collar, Kobe's insignia on the tongue, and an eye-catching polychromatic snakeskin toe box and center panel. Watching these shimmer as Kobe makes his way down the Staples Center hardwood will most assuredly be pleasing to the eye, but you'll have your shot at them too.


text:
package de.deadmist.deadSimpleHttp.server;

import de.deadmist.deLog.Logger;
import de.deadmist.deadSimpleHttp.handlers.IncomingHandler;
import de.deadmist.deadSimpleHttp.handlers.RequestHandler;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLServerSocket;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLServerSocketFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.util.HashMap;

/**
 * A simple HTTPS server, functionality is provided through {@link de.deadmist.deadSimpleHttp.handlers.RequestHandler RequestHandlers} that
 * are matched to the requested URL.

 *

 * This server communicates over HTTPS, you need to supply it with a certificate and private key in a javakeystore file.
 *

 *

 * Per default no handlers are registered on the server and every request will be responded with a 501 Not Implemented error.

 * If you want to add functionality you need to supply a HashMap containing a regex for matching the URL and the handler.

 * When a new connection is made the regex is matched against the url and the handler with the longest match will be selected to process the request.

 * If two or more regex match the same amount of characters the longer regex is chosen. If two regex have the same length only one will be chosen.
 *

 *

 *
You can use the provided {@link de.deadmist.deadSimpleHttp.handlers.provided.FileHandler FileHandler} with
 * the regex "^((\/|[a-zA-Z0-9]+))+\.[a-zA-Z0-9]+$" for providing basic serving of files.

 *
To hide the 501 Not Implemented - Missing Handler error messages you can use the {@link de.deadmist.deadSimpleHttp.handlers.provided.CatchAllHandler CatchAllHandler}
 * catch anything not covered by another handler and return a 404 Not Found error instead.
 *

 *

 *
 * @author Deadmist
 */
public class HTTPSServer extends Thread {
    private boolean interrupted = false;
    private HashMap<String, RequestHandler> handlers;

    private SSLServerSocket serverSocket;

    /**
     * Creates a new server instance.

     * Start the server by calling start()
     *
     * @param port             Port to listen on (443 is default for HTTPS)
     * @param backlog          Size of the backlog, the bigger the more connections can be waiting
     * @param handlers         List of handlers to handle requests
     * @param keyStore         Path to the keystore file containing certificate and private key
     * @param keyStorePassword Password for the keystore
     * @throws IOException Thrown when no socket can be created
     */
    public HTTPSServer(int port, int backlog, HashMap<String, RequestHandler> handlers, String keyStore, String keyStorePassword) throws IOException {
        this.handlers = handlers;

        System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.keyStore", keyStore);
        System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.keyStorePassword", keyStorePassword);

        SSLServerSocketFactory socketFactory = (SSLServerSocketFactory) SSLServerSocketFactory.getDefault();
        serverSocket = (SSLServerSocket) socketFactory.createServerSocket(port, backlog);
        String[] suites = serverSocket.getSupportedCipherSuites();
        serverSocket.setEnabledCipherSuites(suites);
    }

    /**
     * Creates a new server instance.

     * Start the server by calling start()
     *
     * @param port             Port to listen on
     * @param backlog          Size of the backlog, the bigger the more connections can be waiting
     * @param keyStore         Path to the keystore file containing certificate and private key
     * @param keyStorePassword Password for the keystore
     * @throws IOException Thrown when no socket can be created
     */
    public HTTPSServer(int port, int backlog, String keyStore, String keyStorePassword) throws IOException {
        this.handlers = new HashMap<>();

        System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.keyStore", keyStore);
        System.setProperty("javax.net.ssl.keyStorePassword", keyStorePassword);

        SSLServerSocketFactory socketFactory = (SSLServerSocketFactory) SSLServerSocketFactory.getDefault();
        serverSocket = (SSLServerSocket) socketFactory.createServerSocket(port, backlog);
        String[] suites = serverSocket.getSupportedCipherSuites();
        serverSocket.setEnabledCipherSuites(suites);
    }

    /**
     * Adds a new RequestHandler
     *
     * @param pattern Pattern to match URLs against
     * @param handler Handler to handler requests
     */
    public void addHandler(String pattern, RequestHandler handler) {
        this.handlers.put(pattern, handler);
    }

    /**
     * This method is required to be public, but should never be called directly.
     * Use start() instead
     */
    @Override
    public void run() {
        Logger.i("HTTPS", "Starting server");
        while (!interrupted) {
            try {
                Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
                Logger.d("HTTPS", "New connection");
                IncomingHandler handler = new IncomingHandler(socket, handlers);
                handler.run();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                if (!interrupted) { //Server should not have stopped
                    Logger.e("HTTPS", "Exception waiting for connections", e);
                }
            }
        }
        Logger.i("HTTPS", "Stopping server");
    }

    /**
     * Stops the server
     */
    @Override
    public void interrupt() {
        super.interrupt();
        try {
            serverSocket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Logger.w("HTTPS", "Couldn't close server socket", e);
        }
        this.interrupted = true;
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Shiva, Klein, Chomsky on Extinction Rebellion – Engage!
After starting in the United Kingdom just months ago with a mere 10 members dedicated to pressuring their elected officials to urgently confront the climate crisis, the Extinction Rebellion has quickly ballooned into a global movement spanning an estimated 35 countries—a testament to the growing disaffection with the deadly climate status quo and hunger for transformative change among the world's population.
In a sign of the movement's rapid spread beyond the streets of London, Extinction Rebellion banners have been seen over the past several days at rallies in Katowice, Poland, the site of the ongoing COP24 climate conference. According to the movement's principal organizers, the goal is to build up to a massive international day of action next April.
Further evidence of the movement's growing size and reach came in the form of an open letter signed by journalist Naomi Klein, academic and renowned dissident Noam Chomsky, and around 100 other prominent international progressives calling on "concerned global citizens to rise up" and join the Extinction Rebellion.
We further call on concerned global citizens to rise up and organize against current complacency in their particular contexts, including indigenous people's rights advocacy, decolonization and reparatory justice – so joining the global movement that's now rebelling against extinction (e.g. 'Extinction Rebellion' in the UK).


text:
Cavestany ist der Familienname folgender Personen:

 Julio Cavestany de Anduaga (1883–1965), spanischer Kunsthistoriker
 Rafael Cavestany Anduaga (1902–1958), spanischer Agronom und Politiker

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


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a glen moray a little old to change basic finishes?
macerated fruit (grape and orange-tangerine), dust, nuts, spices, and well-sodden wood, it goes well!
it's spicy !! the scents lose a little of what one could expect on the nose, as if there was an impromptu addition of water!
we are on a sweet sherry, watery, peppery, the fruits are less present, the wood a little more!
mold, nuts, raisins and dirty grasses!
long enough, less pronounced than the nose, but this scent "young sherry" I like!
For me, the first impression left something to be desired. Taste being a bit better, but the finish already was very good. Fortunately time did the trick and made a lot of difference to nose and taste. I think a bit higher abv would help this one.
At first there is very little going on ... Something underground and loamy works its way up after a while and tickles my nose. But, now, yes, there comes something. Fermented fruits, still the damp clay soil, cellar smell, leather, malt. Very spicy with pepper, nutmeg, tarragon and savory. Oh very nice. So behaving in the beginning was so full of flavors, he shows himself now. And I let it breathe in the glass 15 minutes before the first nose. A little panned, the spices are again promoted reinforced in the nose. The spice are now leading the aromas, in the background swing the fermented fruits and leather.
Crispy and oily on the cake, with lumpy orange marmalade, honey and freshly split wood. Grapes lend sweetness, but at the same time there is something herbaceous, spicy, which in turn reduces the sweetness of the fruit. The spices from the nose, but not so intense. Almond flavor and milk chocolate, hot steaming cocoa. Cooling menthol comes after a while.
Medium to short, slightly dry and slightly spicy. Menthol cools, and in the distance the taste of a raspberry sweed-away. Will be a little thin behind.
Nose: beautiful lush corn sweetener (reminiscent of Irish whisky), honey, orange peel, dry wood, sawdust, old wet leather flaps, vanilla, white pepper Quite own and exotic - makes you hungry for the first sip! Taste: soft and supple, spicy honey, orange zest, then full cannon oak, old wood, leather, bitterness, medium-long finish with charred oak, spice cake, coffee and yet a bit of fruity sweetness to the rear. The sweetness is becoming more and more dominant. Damn it's easy. The alcohol is very well integrated. He looks a little too thin on the tongue, despite full flavors. Great whisky but the certain something is missing to completely convince. You can hardly feel the age. But he will certainly be remembered for a longer time due to his peculiarity.
would have never blindly typed on a port barrel, quite atypical, but not necessarily bad.
Funny thing that I could not really put my finger on the Port influence - wood, yes, but the port is not present (maybe for the better).
The whisky is not impressive and I'd rather stick to the younger siblings at astonishing prices.
First impression is of a very refined nose. I tasted this after a 14yo Old Particular bottling and this seemed like a tamed and mellowed version (ok, matured). Gentle sweetness, perfume, malt.
Water (just a few drops) - triggers some grassy notes, which i like. in 15 min gets more into the fruity and perfumy profile and some nuts get through. In another 30min it really is all about walnuts. Reminds me of a good oloroso cask.
Too spicy for my liking. I guess the wood has been too influential here.
Water - improves dramtically; the spiciness is in check; lots of oranges - all kinds.
Long, spices, then some sweetness and scented wood.
Fruit, citric acid, dates, polish, spice mix, wet sawdust, cinnamon, malt.
Raisins, dried apricot, dark chocolate, mint, honey, BeBe biscuits.
Grapefruit peel, tannins, sap, lemon balm (tea).
An old, mature, very good Moray!
Pleasant elegant whisky. However, it is necessary to take a bit of it.
Very light and elegant fragrance. Fruit compote, light tones of light spice wood, honey, cane sugar, sweet white wine, corn and spekulatius biscuits.
Sweet, lighter and more complex, with a delicate bitterness. Oily with fruit, cinnamon and honey.


When it comes to buying commercial fitness equipment Atlanta do you know how to buy? You might think it's a matter of going into a shop and making a purchase but it's not actually as easy as that. You want to ensure the equipment being chosen is best and that can take some time to get absolutely right. The following are just six factors you must think about when it comes to looking for new commercial equipment.
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What about Reviews or Feedback Left?
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How Nice Does The Equipment Look?
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text:
Q: Is there a reason this JavaScript is not displaying? So I am making this code assignment, and when I went to validate it, it seems the JavaScript wasn't being "called." So I checked my code. The HTML elements call the JavaScript okay, there are no typos, and I still haven't found the problem!
HTML

<title>Conditional statements and Loops</title>

JS
function loop() {
var asterisk = ["*", "**", "***", "****", "*****", "******", "*******", "********"];
var text = "";
var i;
for (i = 0; i < asterisk.length; i++) {
text += asterisk[i] + "
";
}
}

loop()

A: You define and populate several local variables, then discard them all without displaying anything. You possibly want a return statement:

function loop() {
  var asterisk = ["*", "**", "***", "****", "*****", "******", "*******", "********"];
  var text = "";
  var i;
  for (i = 0; i < asterisk.length; i++) {
    text += asterisk[i] + "
";
  }
  return text; // <------------
}

document.querySelector("section").innerHTML = loop();

A: The value of text is being generated properly. However you need to use the text somewhere in the html
function loop() {
var asterisk = ["*", "**", "***", "****", "*****", "******", "*******", "********"];
var text = "";
var i;
for (i = 0; i < asterisk.length; i++) {
text += asterisk[i] + "
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Tennis betting is all about wagering on tennis matches. It is a great and an athletic sport that one can play. Tennis is exciting, and many SA players enjoy playing the sport. But, South Africans do not need to play the sport in order to enjoy it. Players can bet on the sport, even when they are watching it from home. We at South African Casino Site have compiled a guide on Tennis betting. Read on and learn about this type of sports betting and how exciting it is.
Check out the steps on how to make a bet on tennis below.
Finally, enjoy the game and wait to see if your bet wins.
This is the oldest tennis tournament in the world. The game is played on a grass court, and the tournament has been held in London since the year 1877.
Also known as Astana challenger, it is a professional tennis tournament that is played outside on a hard court.
Known as Les Internationaux de France de Tennis, this is one of the main tennis tournaments that are held for two weeks in Paris, France.
The biggest annual tennis betting tournament that is held in January. It is the first of the four grand slam tennis betting events of the year.
It is the modern version of the oldest tennis championships from across the globe and is an annual hard-court tennis event.
Fitness – Injuries on players.
Playing conditions – surfaces that is being used such as Clay, grass, and hard court.
Match betting: here you bet on who is going to win.
Handicap Betting: Betting on the handicap of the gamers.
Set Betting: Betting on the last score.
First Set Winner: Betting on who will win the first game.
Know your players – know the strength of the players and on which grounds they are good at.
Fitness levels – check whether the players are injured or not before you bet on them.


I first went to Brazil in October of 2016, and absolutely fell in love with the Amazon. My best friend and I headed down to fish with Nomadic Waters, and had a pretty life changing trip. Lots of incredible fishing, and the people were fantastic. In 2017 I returned as a host, and brought a group down with me.
The fishing was even better, and the bond between myself and the crew had grown even stronger. Going into 2018's trip, I knew I needed to step it up. I was super excited to see my Brazilian friends and fish, but I wanted to treat myself to some new gear before I left. I've always been a big fan of Abel reels.
My 50th-anniversary Grateful Dead reel has gone on many trips and landed a ton of fish. I knew that they were potentially releasing a peacock bass reel in the near future, so I reached out to them, and told them about my trip, and they happily agreed to build me this awesome reel in time for the big adventure.
I couldn't be more impressed with the paint job and overall quality of their work, and it pairs perfectly well with my Epic 10wt.
It's already caught it's fair share of big fish, and I'm looking forward to putting it to the rest again. Big thanks to Abel for getting it to me so quickly, and for always delivering a superior product. Be sure to check out the latest line of Abel Reels here.
Photos and words from Danny Reed @crookedcreekholler. Additional photos from Mike Rennie @blue_mountain_drift.


Rudy Giuliani, who is representing President Donald Trump amid Special Counsel Robert Mueller's investigation into his campaign, inadvertently made added a URL when composing a tweet—and someone decided to make that link deliver a very pointed message.
"Mueller filed an indictment just as the President left for G-20.In July he indicted the Russians who will never come here just before he left for Helsinki.Either could have been done earlier or later. Out of control!Supervision please?" he wrote.
As Mediaite notes, the formatting of one of the typos—"G-20.In"—inadvertently converted to a hyperlink. Which, of course, someone turned into a website trolling the president.
When clicked, "G-20.In" leads you to a website with a grey background and "Donald J. Trump is a traitor to our country" written in white text.
The mistaken link (and subsequent trolling) was not lost on people, who pointed out that Giuliani was once part of a cyber-security initiative brought about by the president.
Hey cyber security expert: you may want to check your URL.
Others just bashed the former New York City mayor for his inadvertent typo.
Note to public figures: be careful with accidental hyperlinks.
Thank you, Mr Mayor. Your tweet is on point.


text:
The Brazilian government donates an ambulance to Suriname
The Brazilian government donated an ambulance to Suriname as a healthcare contribution. This vehicle was purchased through the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the World Food Program. The car has been in our country since August 2020, but it still needs to be made available to Suriname standards.
The new Brazilian ambassador to our country, Raphael Aziredo, made this initiative on behalf of his government to Minister of Health Ammar Ramadan. The minister received the keys on this occasion. The vehicle was then delivered to Academic Paramaribo Hospital (AZP), which will deploy an ambulance inland in partnership with the medical mission. The delivery took place on Wednesday 12 May 2021 on the territory of AZP.
Hermann Genti, Director of the Medical Mission Foundation Suriname, indicates that this is a high-tech ambulance that will be monitored by AZP. In addition to this donation, the medical mission has several ambulances available, which can be deployed from multiple locations such as Boquegrone, Braunswig and the Paramaribo Coordination Center.
The director expressed his hope that in the future his organization would have access to an ambulance boat, as the mission's medical services would be further improved.
Ambassador Rafael Azredo hands the key to Minister Ammar Ramadan.
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text:
The 2015 S.League was the 20th season since the establishment of the S.League, the top-flight Singaporean professional league for association football clubs. The league was also known as the Great Eastern Yeo's S.League due to sponsorship reasons. Warriors FC were the defending champions.

Changes from 2014
The league underwent a number of changes in its 20th season in order to increase its competitiveness:
 The number of clubs was reduced from 12 to 10, with the withdrawal of Tanjong Pagar United due to financial problems, and the merger of Woodlands Wellington and Hougang United.
 The league returned to a three-round format used from 2001 to 2011.
 The foreign player quota remained at five per club but incentives were given to those who signed an under-21 player.
 The passing time for the mandatory 2.4 km fitness test was lowered from 10 mins to 9 mins 45 s.

A new rule on age restrictions – a maximum of five players aged 30 and above and a minimum of three under-25 players for clubs with a 22-man squad, a maximum of four players aged 30 and above and a minimum of two under-25 players for clubs with a 20-man squad – was later reversed.

Teams
A total of 10 teams contested the league. Tanjong Pagar United withdrew from the league due to financial problems, while Woodlands Wellington merged into Hougang United. Albirex Niigata (S), DPMM FC and Harimau Muda are invited foreign clubs from Japan, Brunei and Malaysia respectively.

Stadiums and locations

Personnel and sponsoring
Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

Managerial changes

Foreigners
Players name in bold indicates the player is registered during the mid-season transfer window.

 Albirex Niigata (S) and Harimau Muda B are an all-Japanese and all-Malaysian team respectively and do not hire any foreigners.

League table

Results

Round 1

Round 2

Round 3

Statistics

Top scorers

Hat-tricks

S-League Awards Night Winners

References

External links
 Official site

Singapore Premier League seasons
1
Sing
Sing


text:
Focus on Computer Resources
Highly Cited Collection
Early Career Award
Experimental Therapeutics
Photofrin-mediated Photodynamic Therapy Induces Vascular Occlusion and Apoptosis in a Human Sarcoma Xenograft Model
Brett W. Engbrecht, Chandrakala Menon, Alexander V. Kachur, Stephen M. Hahn and Douglas L. Fraker
Brett W. Engbrecht
Harrison Department of Surgical Research [B. W. E., C. M., D. L. F.] and Department of Radiation Oncology [A. V. K., S. M. H.], School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
Chandrakala Menon
Alexander V. Kachur
Stephen M. Hahn
Douglas L. Fraker
DOI: Published September 1999
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves light activation of a photosensitizer, resulting in oxygen-dependent, free radical-mediated cell death. Little is known about the efficacy of PDT in treating human sarcomas, despite an ongoing clinical trial treating i.p. sarcomatosis. The present study evaluates PDT treatment of a human sarcoma xenograft in nude mice and explores the mechanism of PDT-mediated antitumor effect. Athymic nude mice, 6–8 weeks of age, were s.c. injected with 5 × 106 cells of the A673 human sarcoma cell line. Tumors were allowed to grow to a diameter of about 10 mm. Photofrin (PF), 10 mg/kg, was injected by tail vein, and 24 h later, 630 nm light was delivered to the tumor with fluences of 50, 100, 150, or 300 J/cm2 at a fluence rate of 250 mW/cm2. To assess the efficacy of PDT in the treatment of sarcomas, photosensitizer uptake/retention studies and dose-response studies were performed. Studies carried out to determine the mechanism of tumor response included tumor temperature measurements before, during, and after treatment; tumor vascular perfusion studies with laser Doppler; electron microscopic analysis of tumor sections for vascular occlusion; and analysis of tumor cryosections for endothelial cell damage, apoptosis, and necrosis. At all time points of analysis, photosensitizer levels were greater in tumor than in muscle. Dose-response studies showed that at 100 J/cm2, five of six mice had a complete response to treatment, one of six had a partial response, and no deaths occurred. Temperature measurements indicated that thermal injury did not contribute to tumor response. Vascular perfusion studies demonstrated a significant reduction in blood flow as early as 6 h after PDT. Electron micrographs revealed erythrostasis in tumor microvessels starting as early as 2 h after treatment and complete occlusion of blood vessels by 12 h. Starting as early as 4 h after PDT, apoptosis first appeared in endothelial cells lining the occluded blood vessels and became more widespread at later time points. PDT is an effective treatment for this human sarcoma xenograft in nude mice. The mechanism of tumor destruction in this model appears to be vascular damage with initial apoptosis in tumor endothelial cells and delayed tumor cell apoptosis. This therapy may be valuable in the treatment of patients with sarcomatosis.
PDT 4 is an antineoplastic treatment that involves the use of a photosensitizer, such as PF, the application of visible light of the wavelength specific for the photosensitizer, and the presence of oxygen leading to reactive oxygen species-mediated cytotoxicity to the treated cell. PF, the photosensitizer used in this study, is a partially purified derivative of hematoporphyrin that is activated by light at 630 nm. On absorbing a photon, PF is excited to a high energy singlet state. By an intersystem cross-over, the excited photosensitizer can undergo an electron spin conversion and yield a triplet sensitizer that can then be involved in a type I or type II photochemical reaction to produce damaging reactive oxygen species. (1) The photochemical reaction that occurs in the presence of oxygen is preferably the type II reaction.
There has been increasing enthusiasm for the use of PDT as a cancer treatment for surface malignancies with reports that hematoporphyrin derivative (2) and some second-generation photosensitizers (3 , 4) are selectively retained in malignant tissues. The mechanism for tumor responses to PDT in vivo has been studied (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10) . Direct tumor cell kill, vascular damage, and inflammatory responses have all been shown to contribute to tumor destruction. A large portion of PF-mediated PDT damage to tumors in vivo has been shown to be related to vascular damage (5 , 9 , 11) . PF-mediated PDT causes a reduction in blood flow in tumors and normal tissue that is associated with vasoconstriction of arterioles and thrombosis of venules (12) , as well as erythrocyte aggregation and stasis (13, 14, 15, 16) .
Studies evaluating the mode of cell death after PDT in vivo have shown evidence of both apoptosis and necrosis (3 , 17 , 18) . The interplay of the direct tumor cell cytotoxicity and vascular effects of PDT and the induction of either necrosis or apoptosis within a tumor is complicated and under active investigation (19 , 20) . Insights into the mechanisms of tumor response and into the mode of cell death after PDT, especially in human tumors, may lead to ways to maximize the efficacy of this treatment.
One potential application of PDT is to treat the lining of the peritoneal cavity in patients with diffuse intraabdominal malignancies. Patients with intraabdominal and retroperitoneal sarcomas often develop diffuse i.p. spread or sarcomatosis without any evidence of distant spread. There is no effective treatment for sarcomatosis using standard surgical techniques, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. Even when all gross disease is excised, these patients are destined to have recurrent tumor due to i.p. spreading of disease. Although preclinical studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of PDT in treating a variety of murine tumors including sarcomas (21, 22, 23) , little is known about the treatment of human sarcomas in preclinical models, despite the fact that the results of two clinical trials have been reported treating sarcomas (24 , 25) . Also, in our institution, there is an ongoing clinical trial to treat patients with i.p. sarcomatosis (4) . Preclinical models assessing the response of human sarcomas to PDT could potentially be used to optimize treatment protocols.
The present study, therefore, focuses on the effectiveness of PF-mediated PDT in treating human A673 sarcoma xenografts in nude mice. The selectivity of PF in tumor tissue compared with normal tissues, the mechanism of tumor response, and the mode of tumor cell death are also explored.
Animals, Tumor Production, and PF Injection.
Athymic nude mice (Harlan Sprague Dawley, Indianapolis, IN), 6–8 weeks of age, received s.c. injections of 5 × 106 cells of the human A673 sarcoma cell line (American Type Culture Collection, Bethesda, MD). The tumors were placed in the flank and were allowed to grow until they were ∼10 mm in diameter. PF (a generous gift from QLT Phototherapeutics, Inc., Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada) was dissolved in 5% dextrose at a concentration of 1 mg/ml and injected by tail vein at a dose of 10 mg/kg.
Photosensitizer Uptake/Retention Measurements.
Mice were anesthetized, and tumor, muscle, skin, and serum were harvested at 12, 24, and 48 h after injection of PF. Samples from three mice were analyzed for PF levels per time point using an HPLC assay (26) that was modified in our laboratory. Briefly, tissue was kept in the dark at −80°C until analysis of drug concentration. Tissue, 50–100 mg, was dissolved in 1 ml of Solvable (DuPont, Boston, MA) and left overnight in the dark at 50°C. The samples were neutralized to pH 8 with acetic acid. One hundred μl of the sample were analyzed for each tissue. The intensity of the signal of PpIX was measured by HPLC using a C18 reverse phase column. The PpIX signal was chosen due to its higher retention time on the column. Also, a complete separation of PpIX signal from other peaks made it relatively easy to compare with the standard. Seventy % methanol in 10 mm sodium phosphate (pH 7.4) was used as the buffer. Concentrations of PpIX were determined from a standard curve and expressed as μg/g tissue weight. The intensity of PpIX signal was found to be linear with respect to PF concentration within a relatively wide range (1 ng/g tissue to 100 μg/g tissue), with a high correlation coefficient of 0.999. Because the levels of endogenous PpIX was below the limit of detection of the assay (<0.05 μg/g tissue), the values obtained for PpIX levels from the PF-containing tissues were used directly without subtraction of background. The tissues from one mouse that did not receive PF were used as negative controls. To determine whether the PF selectivity in tumor tissue was characteristic of the A673 tumor alone, PF levels were similarly measured in two other human sarcoma tumors, SK-ES-1 and SK-LMS-1.
PDT Efficacy Studies.
Nude mice received 3 Gy γ-irradiation to improve tumor take 1 to 3 days before injection of A673 cells (5 × 106 cells) into the s.c. space in the flank. Mice were injected with PF (10 mg/kg) when tumors were ∼10 mm in diameter. Control mice were injected with 5% dextrose using a similar volume as PF injections. Light was delivered 24 h after drug injection using a KTP-Yag pumped PDT dye laser (Laserscope model XP, San Jose, CA) at 630 nm with a fluence rate of 250 mW/cm2 and a Microlens optical fiber (Rare Earth Medical, West Yarmouth, MA). Mice used for dose-response studies received 50, 100, 150, or 300 J/cm2 (n = 6 for each group except 300 J/cm2, where n = 5). There were three control groups: (a) no PF, no light; (b) PF, no light; and (c) no PF, light at either 50, 100, 150, or 300 J/cm2 (n = 3 for each group).
Mechanism Studies.
Mice used for temperature measurements, Doppler flow studies, histological analyses, and apoptosis assays received PDT with 100 or 150 J/cm2, or light only at 100 or 150 J/cm2. Tumor response to PDT was categorized as "no response" if tumors continued to grow posttreatment, as "partial response" if tumors were <75% of pretreatment size, and as "complete response" if no tumor was visible. Tumors were categorized as a "recurrence" if they regrew after an initial response to PDT, which lasted for a minimum of 10 days after treatment.
Temperature Measurements.
Physitemp Thermalert (model TH-8, Clifton, NJ) was used to make tumor temperature measurements. The thermal probe was inserted just off-center and mid-depth into each of the tumors, with the tip of the probe halfway into the tumor. Measurements in triplicate were made before treatment, during treatment at 5- and 10-min time points, and at 1 min after the completion of treatment (n = 3 in control and treatment groups). Control tumors were given dextrose and light at 150 J/cm2, whereas experimental tumors were given PF and light at 150 J/cm2.
Tissue Perfusion/Flow Analysis.
Laser Doppler (Periflux 4001 Master; Permed, New York, NY) measurements of microvascular perfusion were made using a dental probe with 0.25-mm fiber separation. Measurements were obtained on three mice receiving light only, and eight mice receiving PDT (PF and light), at preillumination, 6, 12, 18, and 24 h after treatment. Light fluence used was 150 J/cm2. Five measurements at different sites on the tumors were made per mouse per time point. The highest and lowest measurements were discarded, and the remaining three were averaged. Measurements were also made in three tumors in dead mice. The average of the readings from the dead mice was considered the "no flow" reading and was subtracted from the average measurement of each mouse at each time point. The average of each time point was recorded as a proportion of the pretreatment perfusion for each individual mouse. These values were then averaged by treatment group to determine the relative flow of each group at each time point.
Tissue Harvesting and Storage for Electron Microscopy, Blood Vessel Staining, Apoptosis Assays, and H&E Staining.
Mice were sacrificed before treatment and at 2, 4, 8, 12, 18, 24, and 36 h after treatment (light-only group, n = 1; PDT group, n = 2; for each time point). Tissue for electron microscopy was fixed in 2% gluteraldehyde in 0.1 m sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4) and kept at 4°C for 18 h. Tissue for H&E staining, blood vessel immunostaining, and apoptosis assays was frozen in OCT (Tissue-Tek) and kept at −80°C until analysis.
Electron Microscopy.
Fixed tissues were embedded in Epon 812 (EM Sciences, Fort Washington, PA), sectioned, and stained by standard techniques carried out at the Biomedical Imaging Core facility, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, at the University of Pennsylvania.
Blood Vessel Immunostaining.
Cryopreserved tumor tissue sections were immunostained with rat anti-murine PECAM antibody (a generous gift from Dr. Steven Albelda, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA) using the ABC Elite kit and Vector VIP Peroxidase Substrate kit (Vector Labs, Burlingame, CA). The slides were viewed and photographed under a light microscope at × 100.
Apoptosis Assays.
Apoptosis assays were performed by the TUNEL assay using the In Situ Cell Death Detection kit (Boehringer Mannheim, Indianapolis, IN). The slides were viewed and photographed under a fluorescence microscope at ×200.
Double Labeling for Blood Vessels and Apoptosis.
Cryopreserved tissue sections were fixed in cold acetone for 5 min and permeabilized using cold 0.1% Triton X-100 in 0.1% sodium acetate on ice for 2 min. Labeling for blood vessels was carried out using the above-mentioned anti-PECAM antibody in combination with anti-rat IgG Texas red for blood vessel staining. Apoptosis assays were carried out using the In Situ Cell Death Detection kit (Boehringer Mannheim). The sections were viewed and photographed under a fluorescence microscope at ×100 using appropriate filters for Texas red or FITC.
H&E Staining of Tissue Sections for Necrosis.
H&E staining was carried out by standard methods at the Cell Morphology Core, Institute for Human Gene Therapy, University of Pennsylvania. The sections were visually scored for extent of necrosis in the tumors and photographed by bright field microscopy at × 150.
Statistics.
Statistical analysis of PF uptake/retention data, tumor temperature measurements, and laser Doppler flow measurements was performed using the Graphpad Instat computer software (version 3.0 for Windows NT). Values were compared using the unpaired Student's t test with Welch correction. Statistical significance was assumed if the two-tailed P value was <0.05.
Photosensitizer Measurements.
PF levels were greater in tumor than in muscle at all time points studied (Fig. 1) ⇓ . This difference was statistically significant (P = 0.01) at 12 h. The ratio of mean tumor PF levels to mean muscle levels at 12 h was 1.12:0.26. PF levels in skin were greater than in tumor at all time points studied (data not shown), with the greatest difference occurring at 12 h (mean tumor, 1.12 μg/g tissue; mean skin, 1.69 μg/g tissue).
HPLC analysis of uptake/retention of Photofrin II by tumor(
), muscle(▪), and serum(□). A673 human sarcoma cells were s.c. injected into nude mice, and tumors were allowed to grow until they were ∼10 mm in diameter. Photofrin II (10 mg/kg) dissolved in 5% dextrose was injected by tail vein; mice were anesthetized, and tumor, muscle, and serum were harvested at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h after injection and analyzed by HPLC for PpIX concentrations expressed as μg/g tissue. Values in the graph represent mean values; bars, SE. Uptake by tumor was more than muscle at all time points.
To determine whether the PF selectivity in tumor tissue was characteristic of the A673 tumor, PF levels were measured in two other human sarcoma tumors, SK-ES-1 and SK-LMS-1 (data not shown). SK-ES-1-derived tumors showed statistically significant greater PF levels in tumor compared with muscle at both 12 and 24 h after drug injection (tumor, 0.53 and 0.58 μg/g tissue at 12 and 24 h, respectively; muscle, 0.2 and 0.23 μg/g at 12 and 24 h, respectively). The SK-LMS-1-derived tumors did not show a statistically significant difference between tumor and muscle at 12, 24, or 48 h, although the absolute measurements of PF were always greater in tumor. The mean absolute levels of PF in the A673, SK-ES-1, and SK-LMS-1 tumors at 12 h were 1.129, 0.52884, and 0.56283 μg/g tissue, respectively.
PF-mediated PDT Efficacy.
Complete tumor responses were observed in five of six mice in the 50 and 100 J/cm2 light fluence groups (Table 1) ⇓ . Partial tumor response was observed in one of six mice in each of these groups. In the complete responders, tumor regrowth occurred by 11 days after treatment in the 50 J/cm2 group, by 19 days in the 100 J/cm2 group, and by 21 days in the 150 J/cm2 group. Tumors and mice were observed for a period of 60 days after treatment. Regrowth was observed in a greater number of mice receiving lower fluences (50 or 100 J/cm2). The surviving mice at 150 J/cm2 had no recurrence out to 60 days in 66% of the cases.
Summary of gross tumor and whole animal responses to PDT at 50, 100, 150, and 300 J/cm2 light doses
The average tumor size increased marginally on day 1 after light exposure in mice treated with 50 and 100 J/cm2 but was unchanged in mice treated with 150 J/cm2 (data not shown). By day 2 after light treatment, tumor size decreased rapidly at all fluences. The tumors became dusky and edematous 3–6 h after light treatment. An eschar developed after 2 days (Fig. 2) ⇓ .
Time course of gross tumor response to PDT. A673 human tumors were grown in nude mice up to a size of ∼10 mm in diameter. Photofrin II (10 mg/kg) dissolved in 5% dextrose was injected by tail vein, and the tumors were exposed to light of 630 nm at 100 J/cm2 exactly 24 h later. Upper panel, response of control tumors injected with 5% dextrose; lower panel, response of Photofrin II-injected tumors. The PDT-treated tumors appear dusky 3–6h after light treatment and progressed to eschar over the course of 2–4 days.
There was increasing mortality observed with increasing fluence (Table 1) ⇓ . Death associated with PDT occurred within 1–5 days after treatment. Necropsies were performed on mice that suffered treatment-related death. In some of these cases, death appeared to be due to necrosis of bowel deep to the site of light treatment. In other cases, no cause of death could be identified. Of the three mice that survived a dose of 150 J/cm2, all showed a complete response to treatment (no tumor visible or palpable).
Mechanism of Tumor Cell Kill.
To determine the mechanism of tumor response, tumor temperature measurements and tissue perfusion studies were performed before treatment, during PDT, and after treatment. Electron micrographs of PDT-treated and control tumor sections were analyzed for vascular occlusion, and photomicrographs of cryopreserved tissue sections were immunostained for blood vessels and evaluated for apoptosis histologically. PDT-treated and control tumor sections were also scored for necrosis.
A slight temperature rise of ∼4°C was measured after the initiation of PDT (Fig. 3) ⇓ . No significant difference (P = 0.974) in tumor temperature between control and treatment groups was noted before, during, or after treatment at a light fluence of 150 J/cm2. Maximal tumor temperature was <37°C in all mice during light treatment, and the temperature decreased rapidly after light treatment was complete. These results suggest that the tumor response was not due to thermal injury.
Tumor temperature measurements of control [dextrose, light at 150 J/cm2 (▪)] or PDT-treated tumors [PF, light at 150 J/cm2 (⋄)] before (at 0 min), during (at 5 and 10 min), and after treatment (at 11 min, light turned off). Temperature measurements showed no difference between control and treatment groups. All mice were hypothermic before treatment. The tumor temperature increased to a maximum of <37°C by the end of treatment and returned to pretreatment levels within 1 min after the laser was turned off. Bars, SE.
Laser-Doppler studies of tumor vascular blood flow demonstrated a very significant reduction (P = 0.0074) in blood flow as early as 6 h after PDT compared with control groups (Fig. 4) ⇓ at a fluence of 150 J/cm2. Perfusion remained decreased up to 60 h after treatment (data not shown), consistent with the gross appearance of tumors (Fig. 2) ⇓ . Blood flow in the control tumors was generally stable over time.
Flow measurements using laser-Doppler in control [dextrose, light at 150 J/cm2(▪)] and PDT-treated tumors(♦). Flow measurements were made before treatment and at 6, 12, 18, and 24 h after treatment. Compared with the control tumors, PDT-treated tumors showed decreased flow by 6 h that persisted even at 24 h after treatment. Bars, SE.
Electron micrographs of tumor sections revealed erythrostasis starting as early as 2 h after light treatment in mice with PDT-treated tumors (Fig. 5) ⇓ . This change in vascular appearance was a consistent histological finding in PDT-treated tumors and persisted through all later time points studied. Two h after PDT, tumor cells and endothelial cells appeared normal and viable. After 12 h, however, the tumor cell nuclei in the immediate vicinity of the blood vessels showed condensed and abnormally fragmented chromatin. Tumor cell nuclei at a greater distance from the blood vessel appeared normal at this time point. Most tumor cells were clearly pyknotic in all locations by 36 h.
Electron micrographs of tissue sections of control and PDT-treated tumors. A, 2-h control; B, 2 h after PDT; C, 12-h control; D, 12 h after PDT. A and C, normal blood vessels (bv), endothelial cells (ec), and tumor cells (tc). Erythrostasis in the blood vessel is evident as early as 2 h after PDT (B). The tumor and endothelial cells appear normal at this time point. At 12 h after-PDT (D), the blood vessel appears further occluded, and the tumor cell nuclei in the immediate vicinity of the blood vessel appear fragmented and condensed. ×4320.
Anti-PECAM staining of control and PDT-treated tumor sections revealed that PDT caused a disruption of the endothelial lining of blood vessels (Fig. 6) ⇓ . Tumor sections labeled for apoptotic cells using the TUNEL assay (Fig. 7) ⇓ demonstrated little or no apoptosis in the control specimens receiving no treatment, light only, or sensitizer. However, in specimens from PDT-treated tumors, progressively increasing numbers of apoptotic cells were visible starting from 4 h after PDT. At this early time point, apoptotic cells were patchy and few in number, but by 36 h there was widespread apoptosis. In PDT-treated tumor sections that were double-labeled for blood vessels and apo-ptosis, it appeared that the initial apoptotic cells were tumor endothelial cells (Fig. 8) ⇓ .
Photomicrographs of control (left panels) and PDT-treated (right panels) cryopreserved tumor sections immunostained for blood vessels using an anti-PECAM antibody. Tissue sections of control tumors at 4, 18, and 36 h (A, C, and E, respectively) show normal blood vessels, whereas the PDT-treated tumors at 4, 18, and 36 h after treatment (B, D, and F, respectively) show a progressive disruption of the endothelial layer of blood vessels. ×100.
Photomicrographs of control (left panels) and PDT-treated (right panels) of cryopreserved tumor sections labeled for apoptosis using the TUNEL assay. Tissue sections of control tumors at 4, 18, and 36 h (A, C, and E, respectively) show little or no apoptotic cells. PDT-treated tumor sections at 4, 18, and 36 h (B, D, and F, respectively) show a progressively increasing number of apoptotic cells with increasing time after PDT.
Photomicrographs of double-labeled control and PDT-treated tumor tissue sections for blood vessels (left panels) and apoptosis (right panels). Tissue sections were immunofluorescently labeled for blood vessels using a rat anti-mouse PECAM antibody and anti-rat IgG Texas red and later labeled for apoptosis using the TUNEL assay. The double-labeled sections show that at the early time points, 4 h (A and B), 8 h (C and D), and 12 h (E and F) after PDT, apoptotic cells first appear around blood vessels.
Histological analysis of tissue sections by H&E staining (data not shown) revealed patchy areas of necrosis in all sections (control and treatment) interspersed within viable tumor cell areas. Although beginning at 12 h after PDT, more abundant patches of necrosis appeared within the tumors of the PDT-treated mice; the patches were small, unconnected, and did not appear to increase in size. Necrosis, although certainly contributing to some tumor destruction, does not appear to be the primary cause of cell death after PDT in this model.
PDT therapy is an approved treatment or under experimental clinical investigation for a variety of malignancies and premalignant conditions including head and neck cancers (27 , 28) , lung cancer (29 , 30) , mesothelioma (31 , 32) , and esophageal cancer (33) . Clinically, there has been some application in the treatment of intraabdominal sarcomas (24 , 25) . However, little preclinical data exist using PDT to treat this histology. Although the demonstration of efficacy of a cancer treatment in preclinical models does not translate into clinical efficacy, most investigators would agree that the absence of such preclinical efficacy studies casts serious doubts about a treatment for a particular cancer.
In an ongoing Phase II clinical trial of PDT for diffuse i.p. malignancies at the University of Pennsylvania, approximately one-half of the patients treated have sarcomatosis. Because of these referral patterns and the need to develop new approaches for this intractable condition, we evaluated the efficacy of PDT against human sarcoma for the first time in a preclinical model.
The data presented in this study demonstrate that PF-mediated PDT can lead to complete eradication of the human A673 sarcoma xenograft in nude mice. An initial complete response was achieved in five of six mice at light fluences ranging from 50 to 150 J/cm2. A sustained complete response was greatest and regrowth of tumor was the lowest at the higher total light fluences, demonstrating a dose-response relationship to PF-mediated PDT. The treatment responses in this study were achieved with relatively high fluence rates (250 mW/cm2). It has been shown in some experimental tumor models that higher fluence rates lead to a greater depletion of oxygen during the administration of light and, therefore, to reduced PDT efficacy (33, 34, 35, 36, 37) . Although it is encouraging that positive treatment outcomes were the results, even with the relatively high fluence rate used in this study, it is likely that better treatment outcomes are possible with lower fluence rates. The complete responses seen at 250 mW/cm2 would indicate that this tumor is relatively well oxygenated such that oxygen consumption at the relatively high fluence rate used in this study did not limit the response.
One of the major reasons for enthusiasm surrounding the use of PDT in cancer treatment is the reported selectivity of many of the photosensitizers for tumor compared with normal tissues (2, 3, 4) . In this study, normal tissue levels of PF were measured with an HPLC assay. This assay method allows for the determination of the concentration of individual components of PF and also allows for their separation from other porphyrin compounds present in tissue. Also, the sensitivity of the HPLC assay is very high, and the range of concentrations that can be determined by this method is higher than other known methods (from 1 ng/g tissue to 100 μg/g tissue). Moreover, the more commonly used fluorescence method requires subtraction of endogenous tissue fluorescence, which significantly reduces the ability to measure photosensitizer levels at lower concentrations. As stated in "Materials and Methods," the level of endogenous PpIX is below the limit of detection of this assay; therefore, it does not need to be subtracted from the measured value. In this study, a greater concentration of photosensitizer was measured in the A673 tumor compared with the surrounding muscle tissue. These results are similar to earlier findings (2 , 4 , 19,) . The mechanism of preferential retention of photosensitizers in tumor compared with other tissues has been a topic of much study (4 , 38) . Many factors have been explored, including increased lipoprotein receptors (especially low-density lipoprotein) on tumors, uptake of sensitizers by tumor-associated macrophages, and an altered tumor microenvironment.
Mechanisms of PDT-mediated cytotoxicity in the A673 tumor were investigated by various functional and histological techniques over the posttreatment time period. Temperature measurements show that thermal injury is not likely to be a significant factor in tumor response. Both flow studies and a variety of histological studies suggest that the primary effect of PDT in this model appears to be vascular damage. Damage to the vasculature with PF-mediated PDT is known to be an important component of tumor response in other preclinical models (13 , 20) , and our results confirm this. The kinetics of the vascular response in the present model of a human sarcoma xenograft agree with the previous reports on tumors of different histologies. Electron micrographs of tissue sections demonstrate occlusion of the tumor blood vessels with associated erythrostasis as early as 2 h after tumor illumination. The initial laser Doppler studies were performed 6 h after PDT and, at that early time point, showed significant loss of blood flow. Decrease in blood flow after PF-mediated PDT has also been shown in other tumor systems (39) . On the basis of earlier electron microscopy results, flow is likely to be decreased and should be one of the initial events in this model. PF-mediated PDT also progressively affected the integrity of the endothelial lining of blood vessels, as shown by photomicrographs of tumor tissue sections stained with an anti-PECAM antibody. The precise molecular reasons for these findings are not clear, but all results point to an occlusion of tumor vasculature at the initiation of the tumor response.
With increasing time after tumor illumination, endothelial cell and tumor cell apoptosis was demonstrated in tissue sections. One potential explanation for this is that blood vessel occlusion and subsequent endothelial damage lead to tumor hypoxia. Hypoxia has been shown to lead to apoptosis through a variety of mechanisms, including changes in p53 protein level and caspase activation associated with cytochrome c release from mitochondria (40, 41, 42) . The electron micrographs and immunohistochemical staining in this study support the hypothesis that blood vessel occlusion triggered apoptosis in the surrounding tumor tissue. Apoptotic cells appeared later (at 4–12 h) than vessel occlusion and erythrostasis (at 2 h after PDT) and was initiated in the immediate vicinity of occluded blood vessels at the early time points after PDT. This early erythrostasis and vessel occlusion may be due to the triggering of apoptotic pathways, specifically in the tumor endothelium. Tumor endothelium, because of its higher oxygen content and/or greater PF level, may be more susceptible to PDT-induced apoptosis and may be the primary target for the response seen in this preclinical model. Necrosis in this tumor model, although present, appears to be a less significant mode of cell death than apoptosis in response to PF-mediated PDT.
Successful treatment of the human A673 sarcoma xenograft was demonstrated in this study with PF-mediated PDT. Greater levels of photosensitizer were measured in tumor compared with surrounding muscle tissue. The mechanism of the tumor response to PDT appears to be vascular damage with subsequent vascular stasis and occlusion. It is postulated that hypoxia induced by PDT leads to apoptosis of the surrounding tumor and contributes substantially to the tumor response. Additional studies to optimize the response to PDT, including an evaluation of fluence rate effects and photosensitizers with greater tumor selectivity, would be warranted. PDT is a reasonable treatment to evaluate in patients with sarcoma with the primary need as an adjunct therapy after debulking for i.p. disease.
We thank Carmen Rodriguez for technical assistance with the laser. We are also grateful to Drs. Matt Van De Rijn and Thomas Lawton for help with analysis of electron micrographs, to Dr. Michael Goldschmidt for help with visual scoring of histological sections for necrosis, and to Dr. James F. Sanzo for help with electron micrograph composite. We also thank Dr. Theresa Busch for suggestions in the preparation of the manuscript. We acknowledge Sara Kutney, Cyrus Khorrami, and Victor Lai for general laboratory support.
↵1 This work was supported in part by the Georgene S. Harmelin Endowment Fund.
↵2 These authors contributed equally to this work.
↵3 To whom requests for reprints should be addressed, at Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 4th Floor Silverstein Building, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104. Phone: (215) 662-7866; Fax: (215) 662-7476.
↵4 The abbreviations used are: PDT, photodynamic therapy; PF, Photofrin; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; PpIX, protoporphyrin IX; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated nick end labeling.
Received March 11, 1999.
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The final round of the Riverina Cup saw the two leaders from round 2 take out their respective Junior and Senior titles for 2016. With thanks for the continued support of Gary & Scott Rapmund from Riverina Go-Kart Centre who sponsored the Senior Trophy and Kris Centofanti from Intense Karting for sponsoring the Junior Trophy. The series is run over three race meetings and provides great competition and brings together drivers from all over the region. There are two categories, Senior & Junior and each winner is presented with a perpetual trophy they is kept for the year and returned when the series is run the following year. Round 1 was held on August 6th, Round 2 September 17 and Round 3 October 15, 2016.
The junior category saw Noah Sands continue his great form to take the win in the final round and cement his position as the number one junior during the Riverina Cup. Noah drove very well and is developing his driving skills to a very high level. He his a Griffith Kart Club member and competes in a number of series during the year including the National Titles. It is great to see he supports Griffith Racing and local competition.
The senior category was won by James O'Callaghan who started racing in 2015 as a senior having never driven karts before. He has honed his skills over the last year competing in the Southern Star Series and also supporting Griffith Club events and travelling to Wagga to race. He completed a clean sweep of the series with outstanding driving against some tough competitors.
The Griffith Kart Club welcomes any new members and encourages karters of all ages to join and participate. If you wish to find out more then contact us today!


We've searched far and wide to find the best cameras and gear to gift and buy this holiday season. There are Instax cameras designed by pop stars, flying and mirrorless cameras, tiny Popsockets, and all the gear to make your holiday travel a breeze. Bookmark all of the links to items you love and and you're guaranteed to find the best camera to gift! Happy Shopping!
This camera is the best camera for any instant camera and/or Taylor Swift fan. That's a no brainer. It's one part Instax camera, one part displayable art. We love that the cool black-and-gold design is inspired by Taylor's latest album cover. The back of the camera even has a faithful reproduction of Taylor's autograph! The kit comes with a camera strap (with Taylor's name on it, naturally) along with a beautiful film case to store your Instax photos as you snap pics. The SQ6 is super easy to use and takes Instax Square film. It features a bunch of different shooting modes and a tiny mirror on the side of its lens for spot-on selfies.
The Hover Camera is by far one of the coolest tech items of this holiday season. The camera's face-detection technology will help the camera literally hover and follow you around while it's filming. Its gesture feature will take video or still images as you direct it. The device itself is less than 1 pound and folds up to be the size of a book. Thanksgiving will be so much more interesting with this camera floating above the table.
This entry-level DSLR camera is for every type of photographer. It's easy to use, light weight (under a pound!) and can be easily used with full automatic settings plus the option to try some manual settings. It's also a great video camera, shooting at 1080p. Bluetooth wirelessly connects the camera to your phone for instant uploads and sharing. The price is right for this compact 24.2 megapixel beauty! It's definitely one of the best cameras out there under $500.
Pop this mini printer into your bag and take it with you to your friendsgiving and holiday parties! Use it to instantly print mini photos straight from your phone or social media through the Canon app. The printer takes Zink paper (zero ink) which also has a peel-and-stick backing option to decorate your favorite surfaces. The mini prints are water-resistant and smudgeproof so you don't have to worry about taking them along with you on a night out. The Ivy comes in three cute colors, one for you and two for your friends!
The PopSocket has been a total savior! There's been a lot less phone dropping in the photo department since we tested out the regular-size PopSockets. We've all been taking clearer photos with steadier hands, snapped totally hands-free group portraits, and loved being able to prop up our screens for uninterrupted Netflix viewing. We are so psyched that PopSocket now offers minis! These cute little button pop-ups go on the back of your phone in a configuration of your choice. PopMinis are removable so you can change them around to get the ideal hands-free portrait.
Why are all of the camera bag options kind of fugly and super masculine? Thank goodness for Kelly Moore and her chic line of camera bags! The Scout messenger bag is made with thick tan leather that will wear beautifully. It's sturdy but looks feminine and can fit a camera body and lens and some extras!!
The FujiFilm X-T3 is the fourth generation of the company's mirrorless digital camera series. It's a great price point for someone looking to try mirrorless—which has an electronic shutter instead of the prism found in DSLR's. This camera has a 26.1 sensor, fast processor (for catching subjects in motion), and professional 4K video capabilities. One other great feature of the camera is its film simulation modes, which will filter your photos to make them look more filmlike. No need for an Insta filter here!
Pixieset is great for all levels of photographers who are looking for an easy way to display, store, share, and sell images. You can customize each of your galleries and give friends and family the option to download images straight from your custom site. Set up a storefront to sell prints of your photos with a few clicks of a mouse. The basic plan is totally free, and paid plans start at $96 ($8 a month) annually or $10 monthly.
Awesome for travelers and those who are always on the go, the Skyroam Solis is the 4G LTE Global WiFi Hotspot & Power Bank of your dreams! Top travel bloggers and photographers all swear by it which means it's got to be one of the best cameras available. The Skyroam is about the size of your palm and easy to pack even in the smallest of carry-ons. This device will give you fast, secure Internet on demand domestically and worldwide. There are multiple service options to fit individual needs, starting from $9 per day. Did I mention it also charges your phone? If you aren't keen on buying, you can also rent the Solis (sent to you by mail) for $11.90 per day for your next trip. Amazing!
Nikon is also in the mirrorless game, and they are serious, with two sister mirrorless cameras, the Z6 and Z7. If you'd like to save a few pennies but still invest in a full-frame pro-level camera, the Nikon Z6 is your go-to. At around 2K, the Z6 offers the same design and many of the same high-end features as the Z7, while using a lower-resolution sensor, 24.5 MP. It's still equipped for superfast shooting speeds and excellent video capabilities. The Z7 sports a higher-resolution 45.7-megapixel sensor for even sharper images. They both have touchscreens and light, compact bodies for easy travel. We want both!!!
Want to share every single one of your pet/baby/trip photos but don't want to blast them all on social media? Sign up for Tinybeans! You can post all the photos you want and share them with whomever you want! Everyone you invite to subscribe to your account can see new images as you upload them. The app cutely displays them as a calendar so your friends and fam can flip through daily. It was created for new parents to selectively share baby photos, but is totally universal. It's free for basic use, but membership ($50 per year, $250 for lifetime) gives you access to uploading longer videos, ad-free viewing, exclusive printing offers, and much more.
There are so many instant cameras from Lomo to choose from but we love the Instant Explorer edition because of its illustrated body and ease of use. Such a classic instant camera! It has a flash for low-light situations and comes with a standard wide-angle camera lens as well as portrait, fish-eye, and close-up lens attachments. Take photos with IRL filters when you use the included color gels or the long- and multiple-exposure options.
Unless you are a pro with multiple camera bodies and lenses, you won't need a carry-on specifically made for transporting cameras. Instead you can opt for a low-cost padded camera case and use a chic hard-side spinner like the Delsey Chatelet! So obsessed with the vintage look and special features like a break-ock system so the bag doesn't roll away and a removable hanger, as well as laundry and shoe bags. If only it also came with that cute kitten!
Canon just came out with its first mirrorless full-frame camera, and it's amazing! Though aimed at professional photographers, it's definitely one of the best cameras to check out at any level. It has over 5,000 auto-focus points to choose from when focusing (to put it in perspective, other Canon cams have about 63). It has a touchscreen that pivots out for a quick selfie and built-in WiFi so you can sync to your phone for quick uploads and editing on an iPad. You can also remotely control the camera through an app, which is perfect for setting up a holiday-card photo hands-free! It has 30.3 megapixels and 4K video capabilities, and the camera body clocks in at only 1.46 pounds.
On the go and want the option to quickly switch lenses without a bulky bag? Try Kelly's messenger-style lens bag. It's pretty on its own, so much so that a fellow photo editor said she'd it as her regular bag. A note from Kelly: "So I'm a little obsessed with this one—not only can it hold my biggest lens but this fits wine or water bottles too." Sold!
Start a photography collection with this classic Viewmaster and exclusive reels of Stephen Shore's stereographs. We love that the Viewmaster has a faithful reproduction of Stephen's signature and that each piece comes with a numbered authentication card signed by the artist himself!
Launched this past summer, the C-Lux point-and-shoot is small but mighty! It has an incredible zoom range of 24mm to 360mm, which is crazy far for such a tiny camera. You can easily freeze time with its superfast autofocus, and the stabilizer keeps your zoomed-in photos nice and sharp. It also has 4K video capabilities! The camera has WiFi built in to sync to your phone for instant uploads. It's the perfect high-end compact travel camera for those who don't have room in their bag for a larger camera.
Want to make your holiday videos and photos extra sharp this year? Try using a gimbal handheld stabilizer with your phone, camera, or GoPro. We love the smooth pro look of videos taken using the gimbal, which connects to your device through Bluetooth. There are a bunch of great options from FeiyuTech at different price points to fit your needs.


text:
TS Mirinae leaves death in its wake as it exits Ph...
Landfall knocks the wind out of Mirinae
Mirinae strikes the Philippines
Fwd: TSR Storm Alert - Typhoon MIRINAE
Typhoon Mirinae (Santi) threatens Manila
Mirinae strengthens to typhoon
Tropical Storm Mirinae continues to strengthen
TS 23 to cross over Guam tomorrow
Another typhoon heading for the Philippines
Tropical Storm Lupit (Ramil) shifts to the north
Tropical Storm Mirinae heading for Vietnam
Tropical Storm Mirinae has entered the South China Sea (East Sea) on a west to WSW heading towards the southern region of Vietnam. The storm has picked up speed and is expected to make landfall by Monday morning local time.
Storm Mirinae enters East Sea (VOV News)
After pounding the Philippines on October 31, typhoon Mirinae weakened into a tropical storm and entered the East Sea, becoming the 11th storm in the region.
At 16.00 on October 31, the storm was centred at 14.2 degrees north latitude and 118.2 degrees east longitude, packing winds of between 89-102km/h near its centre. In the next 24 hours it is forecast to move between west and south-west at a speed of 20-25km/h and weaken further.
At 13.00 on November 1, Mirinae is positioned 530km east of the south-central coast from Binh Dinh to Khanh Hoa provinces. Its force winds extend outward from the center to as far as 84km/h.
The storm will bring heavy rains and cause rough seas along the central coast in a couple of days, according to the National Hydro-meteorological Forecasting Centre.
Mosts forecasts are showing that Mirinae will continue to weaken as it approaches Vietnam. Once the storm makes landfall its strength will diminish to a tropical depression and finally dissipate over Cambodia.


A pact between Alcoa and the New York Power Authority for low-cost electricity expires in March. Both sides say talks continue on a new deal.
New York Lieutenant Governor Kathy Hochul says the state is well aware of the aluminum giant's importance to Massena and is keeping an eye on the negotiations.
"Things are going very well and the conversations are ongoing and they're important to us. This is an important, important facility, which is why we were out there to support them when they needed our help," she said.
Hochul was in Lowville Thursday to tour the Neenah Paper plant.
During her visit to the Bostwick Street facility, she said she learned more about the paper made there and the people who make it.
"These are good paying jobs and there aren't many large facilities like this in rural areas like here. We have a first rate labor pool here. They want to work and when people come here, they stay a long time," said Hochul.
She said the Lowville plant employs more than 100 workers.


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Subendothelial retention of apoB-lipoproteins is the key initiating event in atherosclerosis, provoking a cascade of pathogenic responses. Dissection of the molecular participants provides fresh insight into how this major killer might be reversed. Efflux of harmful lipids derived from retained lipoproteins may be crucial in promoting beneficial remodeling of lesions.
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