text:
Judge: U.S. Government Liable For Some Katrina Flooding
NEW ORLEANS (AP) — Ruling in a nearly decade-old lawsuit, a judge in Washington said Friday that the federal government is responsible for some of the catastrophic flooding that followed Hurricane Katrina and other storms — flooding blamed on a now-closed navigation channel.
Judge Susan Braden of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims in Washington said the flooding was, in effect, a "taking" of property under the Fifth Amendment, for which the plaintiffs must be compensated.
How much the government will have to pay in damages is unclear. Braden set a conference for next Wednesday in New Orleans to determine whether an agreement can be reached to have damages assessed by a mediator.
Also unclear is how many people will benefit. There are a handful of plaintiffs, but attorneys were seeking class-action status that could mean many people in St. Bernard Parish and New Orleans' Lower 9th Ward. The judge's ruling did not address whether class-action status would be granted.
Friday's ruling came in an October 2005 lawsuit filed by the government of St. Bernard Parish — adjacent to New Orleans — and several property owners. It focuses on the now-closed Mississippi River Gulf Outlet — a navigation canal built by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and blamed by many for flooding in St. Bernard and the Lower 9th after Katrina.
"It's great news for St. Bernard Parish," Parish Council member George Cavignac said. He declined to speculate on possible monetary damages.
"Now that this important decision regarding the government's liability has been issued, we look forward to further proceedings to resolve this case and to ensure that property owners in St. Bernard Parish and the Lower 9th Ward obtain the relief to which they are entitled under our Constitution," said Carlos Zelaya, a lead attorney in the case.
The suit says the construction, dredging and operation of the navigation canal, known in south Louisiana as "Mr. Go," contributed to conditions that led to catastrophic flooding during Hurricane Katrina in August 2005, Hurricane Rita weeks later and other storms. In effect, the suit argued, the damage caused by the flooding was an illegal taking of private property by the federal government without adequate compensation.
Braden agreed, ruling that the Corps' "construction, expansions, operation, and failure to maintain the MR-GO" led to storm surge and flooding that amounted to "a temporary taking under the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution."
The canal was authorized by Congress in 1956 as a shortcut from the Mississippi River to the Gulf of Mexico and was completed years later. It was shut down in 2009.
Numerous other lawsuits filed against the federal government over Katrina-related flooding have failed.
A string of court rulings insulated the federal government from liability for billions of dollars in flood damage that many residents and business owners have blamed on the Corps' design, construction and maintenance of levees and floodwalls, as well as the MRGO.
Representatives of the U.S. Department of Justice and the Corps did not immediately respond to requests for comment.
Braden said Wednesday's meeting will determine whether the parties in the case can agree to have damages assessed "by a knowledgeable and accomplished mediator — and in short order." The conference was scheduled earlier this week, and Justice Department lawyers had sought to delay it even before Friday's ruling was posted.
Braden's order appeared to advise the Corps and the Justice Department against an appeal. She referenced a Supreme Court decision in an unrelated but similar case involving flooding and said, "further litigation in this matter is not in the interest of the Army Corps and will not serve the interests of justice. It is time for this final chapter of the MR-GO story to come to an end."
– by AP Reporter Kevin McGill


Microsoft is trying to comfort customers upset by its Azure Stack hybrid-cloud OS delay and delivery-vehicle changes. Plus, it's starting to roll out slowly its second technical preview.
When Microsoft announced last month that it was revamping and delaying its Azure Stack hybrid-cloud platform, many users were none too happy.
Microsoft executives revealed at the Worldwide Partner Conference that the company planned to make Azure Stack available in mid-2017, not later this year, and in appliance form with a few server vendors (HPE, Dell, and Lenovo) only. Up until that point, Microsoft execs said they'd allow customers and partners to run Azure Stack on hardware of their choice.
Based on the comments on the Microsoft July 12 blog post announcing the changes, potential Azure Stack customers weren't happy. They feared turnkey systems would be pricier and little more than an updated version of the existing Microsoft Cloud Platform System.
The limitations of DIY cloud mean that if you don't want to use public cloud, it might be better to ask 'Should this be cloud at all?'.
On August 11, Microsoft posted an 11-minute video clip meant to answer some of the complaints. They also shared some updated timing regarding the awaited Technical Preview 2 of Azure Stack: Microsoft has started rolling out TP2 to some early adopter customers this week. The public preview of TP2 will be out later this year, officials added.
Vijay Tewari, group program manager for Microsoft Azure Stack Infrastructure and Cloud Platform System, who was the main presenter in the video clip, said the reason Microsoft is changing how it will deliver Azure Stack has to do with wanting to "keep the operations life cycle valid for customers".
He said the entire Azure Stack hardware-software package needs to be kept in sync as Azure services are updated and new ones introduced. He said doing this on "systems we've never seen before" would not be feasible.
Tewari said that Microsoft will be providing Azure Stack customers with everything from firmware to services in an orchestrated manner "so your tenant workloads don't go down while updating is taking place". He maintained that wouldn't be feasible even if Microsoft gave users a bill of materials and let them procure the required servers, switches, routers, and other components required.
He maintained that Microsoft's goal is to use industry-standard servers and other components, "not gold-plated hardware" in building Azure Stack appliances. He also said Microsoft plans to allow users deploy on as few as four servers and scale up. He noted that a single Azure cluster running in Microsoft's own datacenter consists of 880 servers, so there's a challenge in making this usable and manageable for customers at the appropriate scale.
Tewari noted that "maybe eventually we'll let customers run (Azure Stack) on hardware they already have".
Tewari said Microsoft would have Azure Stack hardware and software available at Ignite, its late-September conference, for users to take a look.


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The Drone War and The War Over Drones
June 15, 2011 Daniel Luban
Recent news that the Obama administration plans to expand drone warfare in Yemen under the auspices of the CIA — the military has already been running a smaller-scale drone war in Yemen for some time now — highlights the need to make drones a more central topic of conversation in discussion of the U.S.'s various wars and quasi-wars. Obama has proved significantly more trigger-happy than his predecessor when it comes to the use of drones, most likely springing from a belief that there's little domestic political risk in drone warfare — particularly when compared to the commitment of ground troops.
Unfortunately, so far he's been right, as war skeptics in both parties have proved unwilling to speak forcefully against Obama's expansion of the drone war. Some Democrats seem to have made an opportunistic calculation that Predators and Reapers give the administration an opportunity to look tough and claim terrorist scalps at minimal political risk, while the murmurings of discontent over Afghanistan and Libya among Republicans — particularly visible in Monday's primary debate — have not translated into any vocal criticism of the drone war. As long as American soldiers aren't on the ground and taking casualties, there seems to be no appetite even among relative doves and anti-interventionists in Congress to criticize the administration on this issue.
This is a shame, because Obama's expansion of drone warfare is extremely problematic both morally and strategically and deserves to be more publicly debated. The administration would like the public to believe that drone strikes are surgical operations targeting terrorist leaders based on surefire intelligence, and that civilian casualties are the exception rather than the rule. While the sheer number of reported civilian casualties and "high-value targets" who have been announced dead only to reappear suggest that this is a wildly optimistic picture, it's difficult to tell just how wild — since the amount of reliable information that makes it back to the U.S. media is low and the administration has both the ability and the incentive to euphemize the civilian cost of the drone war. (Muhammad Idrees Ahmad has an important piece examining what he terms the "magic realism" of the body count numbers coming out of Afghanistan and Pakistan.)
And while the short-term domestic costs of the drone war for Obama are virtually nil, the long-term international costs are likely to be far greater. In the wake of the Arab Spring, it's been grimly ironic these past few months to watch various Beltway pundits earnestly debating how the U.S. can "get on the side of the protesters" while having nothing whatsoever to say about the drone war. It only stands to reason, however, that the U.S. will continue to have trouble demonstrating its good intentions to the Muslim and Arab worlds so long as its primary instrument of foreign policy is a technology that seems more appropriate to the George Lucas's Galactic Empire. Perhaps unsurprisingly, some of the only prominent pundits to question the use of drones have been counterinsurgency gurus such as David Kilcullen and Andrew Exum, who have observed the political fallout of the use of Predators and Reapers in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
Given the political incentives in play, it seems likely that the Obama administration will continue to expand the use of drones until factions within the U.S. show that they are willing to make the administration pay a political price at home. Some of this mobilization would have to come from the left, but this is also a scenario where self-styled Tea Party Republicans could put their money where their mouth is and go beyond mere murmurings of discontent over the course of U.S. foreign policy. Perhaps Michelle Bachmann can finally make herself useful?
Message Afghanistan, CIA, drones, Libya, Pakistan, Predators, Reapers, Tea Party, Yemen
Daniel Luban
Daniel Luban is a postdoctoral associate at Yale University. He holds a PhD in politics from the University of Chicago and was formerly a correspondent in the Washington bureau of Inter Press Service.
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Famous Medieval Art
The Medieval period in Europe began with the migratory phase at one hand and the establishment of the Byzantine Empire as the most powerful entity in Eastern Europe at the other hand. These events and the subsequent socio-political currents in medieval Europe resulted in the evolution of various genres and forms of art.
Viewed together, extant pieces of such art are able to show the development of art as it took place in different parts of Europe and their mutual influence on each other. Notable styles of medieval art which can be specifically titled include Frankish art, Anglo-Saxon art, Norman Art, Insular Art, Moorish Art and Byzantine Art among others.
The Bayeux Tapestry is one of the most iconic pieces of Anglo-Saxon art pieces. The tapestry itself is embroidered in Anglo-Saxon style but was commissioned by the Normans soon after the 1066 Norman Invasion of England. So it is often considered also a part of Norman art.
The Bayeux Tapestry is huge in size and its significance derives from the fact that it contains extensive depictions of the 1066 Invasion of England. Consequently, it is a great source on a rudimentary understanding of the events of the invasion and the warfare culture of both Anglo-Saxons and Normans at the time. The Tapestry also reflects other elements such as the dress, architecture and religious symbolism of the time.
Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram
The Codex Aureus of St. Emmeram is one of the most glorious examples of medieval art of illuminated manuscripts. This illuminated Gospel Book was created sometime in the 9th century and has a very richly decorated and embellished treasure binding.
The manuscript was produced in the Carolingian Empire during a period of mini-Renaissance. Apart from the treasure binding covered in gems and gold work, the book is written in golden letters and contains frequent and highly colourful illustrations which reflect the art trends of the period.
The Lindisfarne Gospels
The Lindisfarne Gospels are another example of excellent illuminated manuscripts in early medieval period. The Lindisfarne gospels predate the Codex Aureus above and were produced around 700 in Anglo-Saxon England. The gospels are considered a defining example of the Insular Art which flourished in Anglo-Saxon regions and combined elements of Celtic, Mediterranean and Anglo-Saxon art styles.
The pages of the Lindisfarne Gospels are made from vellum and the interior of the Gospels feature exquisite calligraphic work and a range of very rich and vivid colours used throughout the book. The Gospels are also notable for the use of highly intricate designs such as spiral-styled alphabets and knot-work in calligraphy.
Lothair Crystal
The Lothair Crystal is an example of Carolingian art produced in the 9th century. The Crystal was commissioned by King Lothair II and is estimated to have been created sometime around the mid-9th century. It is a sizable disk of crystal quartz on which have been engraved highly detailed and intricate Biblical scene of Susanna and the Elders.
On the clear quartz backgrounds, the engraving appears opaque and is done in a fairly advanced artistic style. The Crystal is currently in possession of the British Museum.
Byzantine Mosaic of Christ Pantocrator
Mosaic was the most popular and defining genre of art of the medieval Byzantine Empire. Subsequent Emperors in the Byzantine Empire commissioned a large number of buildings and these buildings were typically embellished with a large variety of mosaics on the interior.
The most notable of the extant Byzantine mosaics is that of Christ Pantocrator in Hagia Sophia, in modern-day Istanbul. The mosaic has been painted on the upper southern gallery of the Church and dates back to the 12th century. The mosaic is remarkable for its use of exceptionally vivid colors and is representative of the Byzantine tradition of mosaic art, being a fine example of it.
The Pyxis of Al-Mughira
The Pyxis of Al-Mughira is a small ivory container which has elaborate carvings on the exterior. This piece of ivorywork dates back to the 10th century and is one of the finest example of royal ivorywork as commissioned by the Moorish rulers in Iberian Peninsula during the medieval period.
The intricate carvings on the exterior of this container depict themes common in the Moorish Iberia during the Omayyad Caliphate era. The engraving depict falcons, horses, palm trees, bulls and lions apart from other vegetative iconography. Made from elephant ivory, this example of early Moorish art is largely intact and is currently in Louvre, Paris.
Hours of Catherine of Cleves
Hours of Catherine of Cleves is another illustrated manuscript from the medieval period. This manuscript is a rather late piece of art, being produced in the year 1440 and the art style used in it has been clearly influenced by the contemporary Gothic art movement.
The manuscript is seen as a defining example of 15th century North European art. The unique aspect of this illustrated book is that the artist has used an extensive range of border styles and designs in adorning the book's interior. Many of the illustrations are theological and religious in nature in sync with the text of the manuscript.
Sutton Hoo Objects
The Sutton Hoo is the site of an Anglo-Saxon ship burial which was excavated in the 20th century and revealed one of the richest repository of Anglo-Saxon art pieces. The burial revealed an exquisite carved and intricately worked helmet made in early Anglo-Saxon style, a great buckle, two large shoulder-clasps a purse lid, a golden belt, shield fittings and other materials.
These objects reveal the choice of bright colors as used in Anglo-Saxon art and the extensive use of ornate metalwork, usually produced for Anglo-Saxon noblemen. The Sutton Hoo finds are one of the finest examples of Anglo-Saxon art.


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Justin R. Apple
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Stephanie M. D'Atri
Sean G. Delaney
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Homeowner Association Law FAQ
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Landlord / Tenant FAQ
Real Estate Transactions & Closings
CALL NOW 919-899-9827 919-899-9827
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James Oliver
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About Attorney James A. Oliver
James is a native Floridian (born in Miami) and remains a rabid Dolphins fan, and moved to New Jersey as a young child. He spent most of his school years in central Pennsylvania for junior and senior high, and then majored in History and Political Science at Dickinson College. A year spent in New York City was a fun break for James, but it also confirmed that the atmosphere of a big city law firm in Manhattan was not for him.
Next up for James was pursuing his J.D. at Widener University School of Law in Harrisburg, PA. While there, he joined the law review and validated his career decision to join the ranks of the legal community.
The day after law school graduation, James essentially threw a dart and moved to Raleigh. He will tell you that, without a doubt, it was the best decision of his life. Raleigh has become home in every sense of the word. He soon opened his own practice until Sean Delaney joined him in 1999. In June of 2008, both he and Sean joined Hatch, Little & Bunn, LLP, where James discovered his second home.
While real estate transactions comprise the bulk of his practice, James enjoys not only representing small businesses and helping folks purchase and refinance their homes, but also providing the necessary guidance for their estate planning. He feels great satisfaction when his clients consider him to be their "family" lawyer.
James retired in 2021 as a LTC in the U.S. Army Reserves JAG Corps. He treasures the time he spends with his family – his wife Erica, daughter Penny, son Jack and chasing Ollie the family golden doodle. His golf game is fading (just not enough time), but he vows to get back into tennis.
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Wake County Bar Association, 1997–present
Chick v. Chick, 596 S.E 2d 303, (N.C. 2004)
U.S. Army Reserve, JAG Corps., Major, 1993–2021, Retired
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Poggio Civitate est un site archéologique étrusque situé sur la colline du même nom sur le territoire de la commune de Murlo en Val di Merse (province de Sienne). Le site comprend également un Antiquarium où sont conservés les objets provenant des fouilles.

Le site
Le site archéologique, qui a été découvert dans les années 1920, par Dario Neri et Ranuccio Bianchi Bandinelli, a fait l'objet, en 1966, de fouilles avec la collaboration de l'University Of Massachusetts Amherst qui organise également le campo archeologico di Poggio Civitate, centre d'apprentissage aux techniques de restauration et de conservation des découvertes.

Le complexe accueillait sans doute un palais princier étrusque, bien que cette interprétation fasse toujours l'objet de débats. On distingue deux phases dans son existence.

Un premier ensemble datant de la période orientalisante a été détruit par un incendie à la fin du . On y a découvert un grand nombre d'artefacts associés au banquet étrusque. Au sud-est de cet ensemble résidentiel ont été découverts les vestiges d'un atelier destiné à la fabrication de la céramique et d'autres objets divers.

Au cours de la période archaïque, le complexe fut reconstruit. De plan quadrangulaire (environ ), il se composait de quatre ailes entourant un espace central. Une colonnade en bois courait sur trois des côtés. Devant le quatrième côté se trouvait un petit enclos. On ignore s'il était couvert ou non. Les toitures étaient recouvertes de tuiles et décorées d'antéfixess, tandis que les poutres faîtières étaient surmontées d'acrotères : figures humaines, animaux réels ou imaginaires. Les plus remarquables sont des statues de femmes ou d'hommes assis, dont les plus grandes étaient tournées vers la cour centrale. Certains hommes, coiffés d'un grand chapeau, ce qui leur a valu le surnom de cowboys de Murlo, sont sans doute des figures d'ancêtres héroïsés.

La décoration comportait une remarquable frise composée de plaques en terracotta, dont l'emplacement n'a pu être déterminé. Elle comportait quatre motifs différents : une course hippique, une procession, un banquet et une assemblée. Lors de sa découverte, il en subsistait quelque  fragments.

L'édifice a été démantelé vers 530 av. J.-C., peut-être dans le cadre d'un rituel de « défondation », et une grande partie des sculptures en terracotta, réduites à l'état de fragments, ensevelis. L'ensemble fut ensuite entouré d'une levée de terre et abandonné.

Collections de l'Antiquarium

 La reconstitution d'un pan de toit de la deuxième phase du complexe avec ses éléments en terre-cuite en coroplathie : tuiles, gargouilles anthropomorphes, acrotères et antéfixes.
 Les fameuses statues-acrotères dites « du cowboy de Murlo » par l'intrigant buste en terracotta d'un dignitaire administratif et religieux, élément potentiel du toit précédent.

 Plusieurs bas-reliefs en terre cuite du haut des murs, dites « plaques de Murlo », représentant :
 une course de chevaux à cru avec le prix gagné par le vainqueur : un chaudron placé sur une colonnette ;
 les compétiteurs des jeux recevant leurs récompenses  qui ôtent l'huile de leur peau avec le strigile ;
 des juges équipés de leurs longs bâtons recourbés (lituus) ;
 la coiffure haute des notables ;
 le banquet ;
 la procession  avec un chariot ;
 les tribunes et la présence des femmes assistant aux jeux, les ludi circenses ;
 l'assemblée de la gens sur les sièges curules.
 Divers objets  de la vie quotidienne (a contrario des pièces des habituels musées étrusques dont les éléments proviennent des intérieurs de tombes des nécropoles, donc à caractère votif).
 Des vestiges d'outils et d'objets en métal venant de l'atelier de la première phase, des restes de fours.

Notes et références

Bibliographie

  Italia etrusca, Guide Giunti, Florence, 2008  125-126
 .

Liens externes

  Page du site officiel des musées siennois
  Archeologia toscana : Murlo
  Le site des fouilles de l'University of Massachusetts Amherst

Site archéologique en Toscane
Site étrusque
Musée dans la province de Sienne
Musée archéologique en Toscane
Musée étrusque
Murlo

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Miami may not be the largest city in the world, but what it lacks in size, it more than makes up for in 24-hour party potential. The best clubs in Miami are some of the best in the world—and the best Miami parties are where you want to spend your nights. Sure, South Beach can be expensive, but there are more no-cover bars and clubs than you might realize. The 305 also births a lot of great musicians, and they love to show off for the community that raised them. Here, we showcase some of the best spots for a party every week and every month. There are other things to do in Miami, sure—but save them for the daylight hours.
Do those ladies have beards? If you're passing 1306 on the last Sunday of the month, they most certainly do—and these drag queens are putting on the wildest show in the 305. This party used to take place at the Corner, but got so big and popular that it had to be moved to 1306, a venue that can accomodate the crowd. The party is stacked with the best drag performances in Miami. Watch as anything from life-size Jesus crosses to full-on Little Mermaids appear before your eyes. These queens are climbing the walls, showing their full behinds, and there's no cover at the door. They're raunchy and fascinating and 100 percent magic.
This purple-tinged party and showcase of the city's freshest R&B talent is downright sensual. Taking place at Gramps on the second Saturday of every month, RnBae offers complimentary cotton candy, flower crowns and advertises itself as the party "where bae comes to vibe." If you've been looking for love in all the wrong places, give RnBae a shot. Bae will be waiting.
Sundays at El Patio are, in every sense of the word, lit. Get there early enough and you might get a taste of the sancocho, a traditional Latin-American soup only available at Patio on Sunday. But if you're a little late (perhaps stumbling in after a boozy brunch) don't worry. This outdoor party goes well into the night (till 3am, to be precise). There's dancing, drinking and a whole bunch of beautiful people pretending like Monday isn't just hours away.
The 100-capacity bar in the back of a small taqueria might not be the first place you'd venture for a Monday night soiree, but if you're walking the streets of the Wynwood Arts District, it downright better be. Every Monday, internationally renowned Miami DJs Oscar G and Lazaro Casanova turn this tiny hang into a hip-shaking paradise for no cover at all. Named for Oscar G's Murk Records, the friendly duo share the bill. Casanova starts the night with top-shelf house music, followed by Oscar G's blood-pumping Latin-infused style.
Miami's big bills can bring a player down, but just because you ball on a budget doesn't mean you don't ball. Sidebar's Cherry Pop Saturday is for the stylish deal-stealer in you. There's never a cover, and the drinks are good without costing a fortune. The tunes are always high-caliber and open-format, meaning you might hear a little bit of this and a little bit of that, whatever is hip and now mixed with some classics that never fail. The bar's big backyard keeps the place vibin' on an even keel, while the inside space offers video games and a pool table, if you're feeling frisky.
Once a month, Sweat Records founder Lolo Reskin steps behind the booth and spins the night into an absolute dance party. Just like the selection Reskin curates at Sweat, the music is eclectic, but always infectious. By midnight, inevitably, the dance floor is packed. And, with the help of the Anderson's amazing cocktails, modesty is in short supply.
Kanye name-drops it, Lil Wayne raps about it and Drake basically called it hip-hop's church. Every Sunday night, EDM party palace LIV becomes a haven for those with status and swagger. Floyd Mayweather and his money team make regular appearances, as do urban A-listers and a host of Instagram models. It's expensive to get in—sometimes $100 or more—but if you charm security, you might be able to work your way through the door for nothing. Just make sure you arrive when doors open around 11:30pm, because this place will fill up fast.
It's "your girl's favorite party," as the flyers proudly proclaim. And, honestly, the ads aren't wrong. Peach Fuzz has been setting roofs on fire for four years. Recently, the party has had a difficult time finding a home. It bounced around Miami Beach for a bit before finally settling at downtown hotspot 1306, where it now takes place once a month. The party's longtime DJs DZA and Pase Rock take the helm spinning the best in '90s and early-2000s hip-hop, a perfect mix of party jams that attracts hipsters, weed-smokers, college kids, old-schoolers and people of all tastes and backgrounds.
The Miami party scene is fickle, but this no-cover Tuesday weekly has been a dance-ready favorite for four years running. It's one of the only shows in town giving locals a place to party past their bedtime on this side of Hump Day, often keeping the booze and beats flowing well past 3am. Slap & Tickle has a reputation for bringing up-and-coming, cutting-edge to Bardot's intimate carpet. It's run by local DJs, but the crew regularly books national and international acts, with past guests including experimental turntablist Gasslamp Killer and UK garage/house mistress Hannah Wants. Girls usually get in free, while men pay a $15 cover, unless there's a major guest, and then tickets vary. Be warned: the Wednesday hangovers are legendary.
Every third Thursday of the month, promoter kings Poplife take over the backyard of the Pérez Art Museum Miami. They bring in super talented local bands and DJs—sometimes legendary acts such as Arthur Baker—for a fresh mix of live music and turntable action. For the standard $16 museum admission, you get the tunes for free, but tickets for drinks and barbecue snacks come at an additional charge.Since launching in 2015, it's grown to be a regular who's-who hang. Plus, the PAMM backyard, with its waterfront view, is absolutely stunning.
You know, for the hangover.


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Santa Rebecca – personaggio biblico
 Santa Rebecca Ar-Rayès – monaca libanese


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What is Lightning Network — key facts and figures
Bitcoin is the most popular cryptocurrency, but its blockchain is infamously slow. The second layer, called the Lightning Network, boosts its capabilities and mitigates transaction costs. This ecosystem for small transactions lets users receive Bitcoin and transfer funds in split seconds. Here is how it works.
Inherent drawbacks of Bitcoin blockchain
At the dawn of crypto, scalability was not on the agenda. Bitcoin's decentralized payment system was revolutionary — it let users remain anonymous while making transactions anywhere in the world.
The number of these transactions grew exponentially — by 2017, millions of consumers had jumped on the BTC bandwagon. The following woes became obstacles to widespread adoption:
Long processing times. Rising traffic slowed the blockchain down, so sending Bitcoin could take up to 1.5 hours. The mining difficulty also soared, and the blockchain desperately needed a new, lighter way to confirm transactions.
High costs. High traffic inevitably amplified the costs. At the all-time high in December 2017, users paid $37 on average to process one transaction, regardless of the amount. The fees seemed particularly exorbitant to those who sent fractions of Bitcoin.
Transaction fee statistics. Source: Bitinfocharts.com
High energy consumption. The Proof-of-Work consensus protocol is extremely unsustainable. With more computations for miners, the energy demands rose. The network needs more power than the entire Czech Republic, while the annual carbon footprint is comparable to that of Romania!
Absence of smart contracts and multi-signature scripts. The original version of the blockchain had no smart contract support, which allowed Ethereum to forge ahead. Bitcoin also lacked multi-sig, a safeguard that ensures that transfers reach the recipients.
A few years ago, cryptocurrency layers emerged as a solution to these challenges. Now, the primary Bitcoin blockchain serves as the first base layer, with others built separately on top to complement and enhance it.
What is Lightning Network?
The second layer skirts the main blockchain but interacts with it, scaling its capability through micropayment channels. The average payment size is 0.00508484 BTC, and the smallest transactions are worth one satoshi. Here are the basics of this ecosystem:
The payment channels are ad hoc peer-to-peer connections.
Each direct channel enables an unlimited number of payments between two BTC users.
Parties send and receive Bitcoin without engaging Bitcoin's blockchain for verification.
The ecosystem relies on thousands of nodes for decentralized payment routing. These nodes are operated by individuals or entities — such as corporations — that run dedicated software on PCs, laptops, or even credit-card-sized computers called Raspberry Pis.
These bidirectional payment channels can perform off-chain transactions involving exchanges between cryptocurrencies (learn about atomic swaps below).
Using the Lightning Network for Bitcoin transactions. Source: BitPay
This model raises the capacity to hundreds of thousands, even millions, of instant Bitcoin payments. Overall, compared to the first layer, the Lightning Network makes transactions
more readily confirmed
What does Lightning Network look like?
The 1ML engine features a visualization of the interconnections between all nodes. You can see that even the most remote ones can connect to others.
Visualization of the Lightning Network nodes. Source: 1M
How does Lightning Network work?
Thanks to the Lightning Network, participants do not have to wait until the primary blockchain confirms their exchanges. Parties exchange funds within a payment channel as needed. Upon channel closing, their transactions are relayed to the mainnet.
A channel is activated by locking up any amount of BTC. You can then spend it across this unstructured decentralized network as long as necessary until the channel is closed. To receive BTC, a seller creates an invoice, typically in the form of a QR code. Their counterpart needs to scan the code with their Lightning-compatible wallet and confirm the transaction.
A transaction on the Lightning Network. Source: Genesis Block
This is how Lightning payments go through. As the network name suggests, this usually takes a few seconds. After exiting the channel, the parties can continue using BTC for larger transactions on the main blockchain.
The Lightning model resembles the way Visa and MasterCard work. When a customer pays by card (for example, in a local coffee shop), the settlement is not immediate. All that's needed for a transaction go through a verification of funds from the buyer and a request from the seller. The actual settlement, however, may take days.
How many transactions can Lightning Network handle?
Scalability issues cap the base layer's capacity at 7 TPS (transactions per second) on average. The second layer can support an astounding 1,000,000 TPS per channel, according to Investopedia. What's more, you can send satoshi at the average and median cost (as estimated by 1ML) of less than $0.01.
How Bitcoin Lightning Network extends to altcoins
Atomic swaps are an impressive, albeit less publicized, aspect of the Lightning Network. This protocol relies on smart contracts (hash time-locked contracts) for peer-to-peer crypto exchanges. Direct transfers between blockchains meet the majority of trading needs. This technology could potentially reduce centralization — the influence of major exchanges — in the marketplace.
Cross-chain connections require the implementation of the Lightning Network on the other blockchain, and the assets must use the same cryptographic hash function (for example, SHA-256). Such swaps are not suitable for the public yet — users need to download the blockchains of both currencies — but developers are working on making them more accessible.
Who invented the secondary Bitcoin network?
The origins can be traced back to the works of Bitcoin's pseudonymous creator Satoshi Nakamoto. The concept was formalized in 2016 in the Lightning Network white paper by Joseph Poon and Thaddeus Dryja. They proposed a micropayment channel network as an alternative to altering the main network.
A massive collective effort brought the beta version to life in March 2018. The funding ($2.5 million) came from a seed round that involved Jack Dorsey, a high-profile investor and CEO of Square. One of the contributors to the effort, the Lightning Labs engineering firm, is now responsible for developing the Lightning Network.
Lately, the payment volume has been rising quickly, indicating user transition. Estimates by Arcane Research point to a fivefold (410% year-over-year) increase for Q1 2022. Over the past 12 months, the public capacity of channels has gone up 750%.
Lightning torch
In 2019, the Twitter community ran a social media experiment called the Lightning Torch to raise awareness and test the Lightning Network's capabilities. Hodlonaut promised to send 100,000 satoshis to a trustworthy user who would then add another 10,000 satoshis and relay the whole amount to another participant, just like the Olympic torch — hence the name.
The #LNTrustChain hashtag quickly took off. When the torch finally completed its journey, the participants had sent 4.29 million satoshis. This amount was donated to Bitcoin Venezuela, a non-profit organization helping those affected by hyperinflation. Subsequently, the torch was reignited in 2020 and 2021.
Where Lightning Network falls short
Despite the hype, this technological solution has its own costs, and it is not immune to malicious attacks. The volatility of Bitcoin is another issue — if it fails to become a popular payment method, the use of the second layer will be limited. Here are the five biggest obstacles to wider adoption.
Users still pay fees
Some proponents of the Lightning Network misconstrue Bitcoin's transaction cost. The latter does not stem from clogging alone — users still pay for specific activities. The fees do not vanish once transactions are taken off the main Bitcoin blockchain. Aside from the usual Bitcoin transaction fees, participants pay
Fees for opening and closing payment channels. The Lightning Network still requires an opening transaction, or deposit, made on-chain. Once the bill for a transaction is settled, the parties must record a closing transaction for the amount on the blockchain. This includes the fee for forwarding — either a fixed base fee or a percentage of the transaction amount.
Fees for routing transactions. Participants pay to have their payments transferred between channels.
Fees from watchtowers. The watchtowers are third parties that run on nodes to prevent fraud within the network. Many of them charge fees for this service.
Generally, the routing fees are low, but they have a downside. The smaller the amount, the lower the incentive for the nodes that facilitate Lightning payments. In the future, as the network becomes a payment and settlement layer for many businesses, they may begin charging their own fees.
Lack of decentralization
In theory, the Lightning Network can evolve into a hub-and-spoke model — a network connecting every location through a single intermediary. This approach is part and parcel of conventional financial systems, where banks and financial institutions act as hubs for all transactions. Acquiring the majority of open connections could turn the companies investing in nodes into centralized nodes.
Closed Lightning Network channel fraud
In theory, if one of the two parties closes the channel and goes offline, their counterpart could steal some of their money in the channel. Here is how.
Suppose Jack and Jill are transacting — Jill is selling a product worth 1 BTC, but Jack has malicious intent. To open a channel, both parties make a deposit of .5 BTC. After the transaction takes place and Jill transfers the product, she logs off and thereby closes the channel.
If Jack stays online (keeps the channel open), he can broadcast the state before the 1 BTC was sent — a commitment transaction that does not represent the newest channel state agreed upon by the participants as defined in the ION Lightning Network Wiki. When no transaction is done, the blockchain returns the initial deposits to the parties. As a result, Jack would get the product for free.
As Jill has gone offline, she cannot detect this invalid unilateral close, but a Watchtower service could detect it. Jill may use the evidence of the revoked commitment (commitment revocation secret key) to broadcast a penalty transaction that will punish Jack.
The use of wallets, payment channels, and APIs could make The Lightning Network a target for thieves and hackers. Furthermore, parties sign in with their private keys, so their funds could be at risk if their computers get compromised. Finally, if a malicious party congested a channel, the victims would fail to withdraw their funds from the system fast enough.
One of the ways to achieve this is through denial-of-service. This type of attack exhausts the network's resources, so legitimate users cannot access it. If cyber criminals created numerous channels and forced them to expire simultaneously, the block capacity could become overwhelmed.
The Lightning Network is supposed to support the wider adoption of Bitcoin, but the coin is yet to gain mainstream traction. While it is legal in over 100 states, just two countries — El Salvador and the Central African Republic — have made Bitcoin legal tender.
With wider popularity come bigger transaction volumes, more traders, and higher volatility. It is not just supply and demand that sway BTC — according to Nathan Reiff, it also depends on "investor and user sentiments, government regulations, and media hype."
Suppose company A has an invoice from company B in BTC, and it intends to pay after converting fiat money or another cryptocurrency received from customers. As a rule, clients have a specific period, such as 30 days, for payment. If BTC gains 10% by the time the client pays, its volatility will add 10% to the amount.
The same logic holds true for consumer transactions — most individuals get their salaries or wages in fiat currencies. Whenever conversion is mandatory, the exchange risk is real.
Using Lightning Network transactions
There are two ways to connect to the Lightning Network — Bitcoin users can run a node or use a Lightning wallet. Using a wallet does not require delegating custody, so you keep full control over your keys. All you need to do is open a channel and transact with other users. The wallet will sort everything out in the background.
Suppose you want to pay at a local cafe. The first step is to transfer some BTC to a so-called multi-sig wallet — that is, a Lightning-compatible wallet that won't release the funds without several signatures or keys. For example, the Electrum wallet was among the first ones to support the network.
Lightning Network transaction. Source: Genesis Block
The wallets enable agreements within the Lightning Network. Any transaction creates a kind of a balance sheet, and the last signed balance sheet can serve as a reference in payment disputes.
You sign your balance sheet with your public key, so it reflects the final balances — the remainder of funds in your wallet and that of the cafe. When you stop buying from this merchant, you simply close the channel. The resulting balance sheet becomes a permanent record on the blockchain.
What merchants accept Lightning transactions?
Today, the Lightning Network directory includes over 200 businesses. It has a long way to go before entering the mainstream, but the number is growing steadily. The list includes cryptocurrency exchanges like Bitfinex, specialized online stores like ShopinBit, clothing retailers, gambling operators, hotel booking services, and more!
Pros and cons of Bitcoin Lightning Network
In contrast to Bitcoin's rigidity and high fees, the Lightning Network accommodates many more transactions in a faster and inexpensive way. Thousands of nodes route instant micropayments, allowing millions of users to send fractions of a BTC in a split second. There is no limit to the number of individual transactions within a channel.
This blockchain network is an ever-evolving concept, and it still has flaws — most notably, multiple fees and vulnerability to hacks and misuse. Whether the Lightning Network can dramatically improve decentralized finance depends on the research and development of the underlying technology.


← Read the Opening Chapter of THE JUMP Here!
Scottish Book of the Month!
THE JUMP is Scottish Book of the Month over in Blackwell's on South Bridge in Edinburgh. Thanks, Blackwell's!
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This wine has an enticing, dark and very intense, ruby color. The bouquet reveals aromas of ripe black fruit and cassis complemented by spicy notes with great freshness. The palate is precise and dense, evolving into charming and well rounded tannins with good length and structure. The overall impression is one of purity and elegance.
Swathed in spicy and toasty oak aromas, this has a wealth of superbly expressed red and dark berries, flowers and mint. The palate delivers a very assertive and energetic array of dark berries and spiced plums with a fresh, focused, vibrant finish. Superb wine. Try from 2023.
The 2015 Grand Puy Lacoste is just as compelling from bottle as it was from barrel. Sensual, polished and refined, the 2015 is all class. Silky tannins, perfumed aromatics and beautifully delineated fruit are some of the signatures. The natural richness of the year comes through nicely, but without overpowering the wine's mid-weight sense of structure. This is a fabulous example of the year.
Pure, sleek and minerally today, with chalk and iron driving the core of red currant and damson plum fruit. The fruit is steadily emerging, and the length is there. Textbook Pauillac.
The wine from this estate, owned by one of the great Bordeaux families, is already balanced between fruit and tannins. Black currants from the Cabernet Sauvignon comes through strongly, giving a juicy character to the wine's structure. It is rich and will mature well. Drink from 2025.
The 2015 Grand-Puy-Lacoste is medium garnet-purple colored with a nose of red and black currants, cedar chest and roses with a touch of dusty earth. The medium-bodied mouth is chewy, with lively fruit and good balance.
The 2015 Château Grand-Puy-Lacoste is another classic wine that shines for its elegance, balance, and sheer class. Offering medium-bodied notes of crème de cassis, crushed flowers, new leather, and ample tobacco, it has good tension and concentration, a fresh, tight texture, and outstanding length. It has some upside and will benefit from 2-3 years of bottle age, at which point it should drink nicely for two decades or more.


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October 2, 2019 September 30, 2019 sirbriang2
Cover Date: November 10, 1965
Cover Artist: Steve Ditko
"The Claws is the Cat!"
Plotters: Stan Lee, Steve Ditko
Scripter: Stan Lee
Penciller: Steve Ditko
Inker: Steve Ditko
Spidey's in trouble as he juggles Peter Parker's floundering love life and a clever burglar at the same time.
While web-slinging across town, Spider-Man almost runs into the Cat Burglar! But he doesn't turn his head, and so Spidey misses the chance to prevent a crime.
That crime: stealing stuff from J. Jonah Jameson! JJJ offers a $1000 reward for whoever captures the Cat Burglar.
When Spider-Man announces that he will try to capture the Cat Burglar, JJJ realizes that he will look like a fool if he is forced to reward Spidey, considering how publicly he berated the hero. To save face, Jonah orders Frederick Foswell to go undercover and seek leads on the Cat; he really doesn't want to pay Spidey the reward.
Meanwhile, Peter decides to call on Betty Brant, since he hadn't spoken to her since last issue, when she had a fright. She's got news for Peter: Ned Leeds has proposed! Peter's first instinct is to win her over by revealing his secret identity, but he quickly realizes why that would be a bad idea.
Now that he knows that Betty would never be comfortable with him being a superhero, Peter storms off, heartbroken. Unfortunately, Betty was waiting to explain that she loves Peter more than Ned, but he left too soon. She tries calling him later, but he refuses to return her calls.
To take his mind off Betty, Peter decides to patrol as Spider-Man. Coincidentally, someone spots the Cat Burglar preparing to break into a building and calls the police. Spidey and the police arrive at the scene at the same time.
After failing to evade Spider-Man, the Cat resorted to shooting at the hero. Spidey was able to avoid the Cat's bullets until the police arrived and cornered the crook.
Since the police caught the Cat, JJJ didn't have to pay the reward money. Without that prize, Peter opted to snap some pictures to make the best out of the situation. He also went out of his way to be mean to Betty, rather than finish their conversation, so…maybe he deserves to be sad here.
Yes, this is another good issue of Amazing Spider-Man. The Cat Burglar isn't much of a villain, but the subplots with Aunt May, Betty Brant, Liz Allan, and the mysterious costumes criminals were enough to make up for the Cat's dullness. Ditko's art continues to impress, and his increased (or at least acknowledged) contributions to the plot are making for an engaging blend of short-term and long-term storytelling.
Continuity:
This is the first appearance of the Cat, or Cat Burglar. His exploits were mentioned last issue, but we didn't see him.
Liz Allan's last appearance was in Amazing Spider-Man #26. She appears to have some adult concerns weighing her down, and for some reason she doesn't want Peter or Flash to know where she works.
Flash Thompson's last appearance was in Amazing Spider-Man #28. He is still trying to date Liz, but she is avoiding him. This seems to stem from Flash getting into college, while she is entering the workforce.
These costumed crooks are working for the Cat, who appears to be masterminding their capers. Spidey tussled with them earlier this issue, but they escaped. Spidey is unaware that the Cat is both a burglar and a gang leader.
Ned Leeds proposed to Betty Brant this issue. She hasn't given him an answer yet.
Aunt May is still suffering from dizzy spells, but we don't know the cause yet.
Comics Are Goofy:
Spider-Man's Spidey-sense used to be described as a sort of radar that he could use to find criminals or crimes. It looks like we're starting to see if morph into the premonition of danger that is is classically portrayed as. Otherwise, how does he miss the Cat Burglar here?
Stan Lee writes painful teenager dialogue, exhibit A:
Stan Lee writes painful teenager dialogue, exhibit B:
Why does Peter only talk to Aunt May like this about pie?
Aunt May is ill
Betty Brant
Cat Burglar
Frederick Foswell
Patch (Frederick Foswell)
Previous X-Men (Vol. 1) #14
Next Avengers (Vol. 1) #22


During his mission, Alexander will take readings from different muscles using the device, which emits a painless pressure pulse and records how the tissue responds. This video of a Myotones session on the sole of Alexander's foot shows its ease of use.
Read more about Myotones in this blog post and follow more of the great science happening during Alexander's Horizons mission on the blog.


The first one is the one everyone else has. The second one is in charge of my headaches and has a mind of its own!
Since 2013 I've had an adjustable shunt, it's changed me into a walking barometer. Right now the sky is blue and the sun is shining, but I have a weather migraine. Because of these migraines I usually know, with more accuracy than our local tv weather guy, if there's a thunderstorm approaching.
I'm betting there's going to be one later today.
My 'other brain' is responsible for: regular migraines, which I usually get after eating something on my 'do not eat-it will give you a migraine' list. Until recently I couldn't eat cheese without getting a migraine two days later. However, now I appear to be able to eat most white cheeses? Why only white cheddar and not yellow cheddar? Ask my 'other brain'. How did I suddenly become able to eat pizza at all (including triggers of cheese, cured meats, etc.)? Why can I eat some pizza and not get a migraine and still get a migraine if I eat others? I'm not in charge of that.
I've also suddenly developed a sensitivity to gluten, which by-the-way only exists in wheat, barley and rye. Why can I eat whole barley (as in the rice-looking grain) but not something made from barley? Why can I eat some wheat bread and not others. These gluten headaches appear immediately after I've eaten something that offends-you guessed it-my 'other brain'.


The Perspectives 2012 will shed light on what young people expect from their future and contrast these expectations with the main trends and outlooks until 2040. Which social, economic and political changes are under way? Will the expectations of the young generation stand the test of reality?
The discussion will focus on changing lifestyles, as well as on tomorrow's world of business and work: Do young people feel welcome and at ease in that world? What are their visions of self-fulfilment and their working lives?
Another focus will be the young generation's approach to politics and democracy. What are the reasons for their disenchantment with politics? What do young people expect from policymakers? What could participation look like?
In the concluding panel we will ask what politics should do today to prepare our youth for the challenges of tomorrow.


Material: PVC. Color: Black. Size:29cm*17cm. Fits for most VW Beetle series model cars. No tools required, 3M adhesive tape base. Charming appearance to decorate your car. 3D effect, make your love car look more distinctive.


Maquinon Wine bottle is Bronze Design Award winner in 2016 - 2017 Packaging Design Award Category.
The intention for Maquinon was to design a packaging full of light, color and rhythm, to refresh a wine of a very particular denomination of origin and full of personality. Maquinon is biodynamic wine, what means that nature and moon phases has an important goal in its production. Light in the dark was included on design, as a small bulb that brights when the dark is over. A vibrant and rhythmic design, as are the tasting notes of the wine. Impossible to go unnoticed.
What is wine? How is it made? Where does it get its aromas from? What's the story behind each grapevine, each terroir? At Casa Rojo we see wine as the expression of a family, a land, a climate, and ultimately of an origin. The historic vocation of the different Spanish wine-making regions is a legacy passed down from generation to generation. The great diversity of Mediterranean terroirs and climates provides us with a range of local grapes which remain faithful to each type of terroir. These grapes have existed since ancient times and have survived the passing trends. It is that wine-making heritage we try to express in our wines. In an industry dominated by large powerful groups, CASA ROJO offers an innovative and groundbreaking vision. We are not distracted by the details of the bottling facility or the logistics of large wineries that add cost without adding value: our focus is the viticulture, oenology and design of a wine that ultimately produces nothing but pleasure when consumed. These are the measures of quality that matter, and we experience them with each drink. Our team of winemakers, sommeliers, designers and professionals from the world of wine all share a singular obsession: to create the perfect wine that expresses the authentic terroir of the wines with character and structure. The grapes are harvested and processed with the utmost respect for the natural qualities of the varietal, native yeasts and the aroma of the origin. The Mediterranean with its climate, character, culture and people is an idyllic setting. It is the perfect place to live and enjoy oneself, to love and be loved.


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Name: Mourinho ended the Arsenal Dynasty without him. Wenger could still win the championship.
2018-04-27 08:39:49 category:Sports
Wenger led the Gunners in the 2003-04 season to win the unbeaten record. It was in 2004 that the special one took the lead in Standford bridge as the champions of the Champions League, and won the Premier League Championship in 2005 and 2006. Since then, Wengers A Senna has never been involved in this honor. Keown said: Mourinho chose a perfect time to lead Chelsea. He waved Abus bills and could mobilize any resources to mobilize to build a strong team. I dare say that if Mourinho did not come, Wen Geji could continue to lead Arsenal. Keown laughs: the two managers must want to win in the last battle of this weekend. And speaking of Wengers successor, Keown said, it will be a big challenge who will take over Arsenal, and he will face the opposite situation when Wenger takes over the team. When Wenger took over the team in 1996, Arsenal was a strict 1 - to 0 - doctrine conservative. Wenger brought fresh air to the team and told the players to play beautiful football. If it was in 1993, an arsenal central defender would have to return to his position in time after the robbing, but now the defence of the team for many years is not doing that. The new commander is no lack of good offensive players, Will Hill, Ramsey, Ma Xi Tliang, Mesut Ozil, La card, Aubameyang, all the stunts, what he wants to do is how to get back the strong defense.


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Dolichopeza (Dolichopeza) planidigitalis is een tweevleugelige uit de familie langpootmuggen (Tipulidae). De soort komt voor in het Australaziatisch gebied.

planidigitalis
Langpootmug uit het Australaziatisch gebied


On Sunday, December 11, at 9 a.m., please join Rabbi Aubrey Glazer and CBS congregant and writer, Joan Gelfand, for a workshop on ethical wills. Bring pen and journal to be part of this interactive workshop.
"My father is not dead. My father is a book, and books do not die." What the late Elie Wiesel captured in a few words speaks to us all – the need to find a way to express our values and pass them on to the next generation through an ethical will (in Hebrew, Zava'ah).
An ethical will is a love letter from one generation to the next, hand crafted to pass ethical values l'dor va'dor. In the process of writing an ethical will, each of us is asked to confront the essential truths we have learned as individuals in a lifetime and consider what really counts. Jews from all walks of life have continued to write ethical wills during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, but the practice goes all the way back to Jacob gathering his children around his bedside, trying to teach them how to live after he is gone. Each of us has wisdom of experience that is unique and worthy of passing on to the next generation.
We are the only synagogue in the Bay Area with a twice-daily, egalitarian minyan, one in which women and men play equal roles. Morning and evening, we join as one in the intimate Gronowski Family Chapel and carry on our rich tradition of communal worship. We come together to daven (pray) for personal and collective edification, but also because it's important to us that we are there for every person who wants to pray or mourn, recite Kaddish, or recall the anniversary of a loved one's passing with communal support.
Ours in a large community, however, and many CBS congregants have not participated in morning or evening minyan services. As a result, not everyone knows how special an experience it is.
With that in mind, we'd like to share the following poem with you, which congregant Stuart Blecher pointed us to shortly before the High Holy Days. The poem's author is Howard Simon, a Bay Area singer-songwriter, businessman, and the Board President of Lehrhaus Judaica. Howard is a member of Congregation Ner Tamid, but he is also a regular participant in our daily morning minyan.
We're a little biased, but we feel the poem beautifully captures the vitally of our minyanim.
Please consider joining us for minyan — and, one day, you'll have some of your own stories (or poems) to share with the community!


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The eyes of my faith – Go. Find.
Jo–You are truly a blessing. I love you! I'm glad you mentioned the tears, for it was those that captured my gaze, more than anything. The icon stands in stark contrast to some of the things I "learned" about God in my life. He really does love us so much.
Thanks for reminding me and bringing that up!
I have the Pantocrator icon in my kitchen, too. It helps me me, reminds me to pray before coffee in the morning. Reminds me not to be a glutton in the middle of the night.


Yes. You read right, easy! So many people are freaked at the idea of attempting the "dreaded roulade", however I urge you to give it a go – it is so rewarding you will not believe! I craved this for dinner recently and managed to whip it up in +- 45 minutes – not too shabby! Savoury roulades are perfect for a brunch spread, finger food for catering or as sumptuous starters. There are so many options for fillings: creamy spinach and feta, proscuitto and creamy mushroom, wild mushroom, smoked salmon creamed cheese and watercress(one of my faves)… the list goes on.
I had bacon in the freezer as well as mushrooms and smooth cottage cheese in the fridge, so a bacon and mushroom roulade was a given. I can guarentee that once you make this, you will be hooked! The texture is sublime – it just melts in your mouth.
Line a swiss roll baking tin (basically a shallow +- 30 X 20 cm baking tray) with non stick baking paper and grease any surface that may stick out.
In a saucepan, melt the butter and add the flour to it, whisking to break up large lumps. Cook the flour mixture for a minute.
Add the milk and whisk vigorously over high heat until the sauce thickens. When it starts to bubble, remove from the heat. Season the sauce and allow cool slightly(about 5 minutes).
While the sauce is cooling, whisk the egg whites to soft peak stage. Whisk the yolks into the sauce, followed by carefully folding in the egg whites.
Carefully pour onto the prepared tray spreading the mixture out evenly.
In a large frying pan, fry the bacon until slightly crispy then remove from the pan and set aside.
In the same pan, add some butter if needed and as well as the garlic and rosemary. Saute the mushrooms in this pan, until soft and browned.
Return the bacon to the pan and combine.
Remove from the heat. Allow to cool for 15 minutes.
Stir the cream cheese into the mushroom mixure until well combined. Season with lots of black pepper.
Get a dish towel ready ( or wax paper or foil) and place it on your work surface. Invert the baked roulade onto the towel, then gently peel the grease proof paper off.
Allow to cool down for 5 minutes before spreading the bacon and mushroom mixure all over the sheet of baked roulade – leaving a border.
Take the piece of towel closest to you, use both hands and firmly use the towel to roll the roulade tightly – like a swiss roll.
It's best when left to stand or refrigerate for 30 minutes before cutting.
Serve on a bed of dressed rocket or watercress.
This can be made a day in advance if you want to plan ahead(just make sure your filling cools down before rolling it up and refrigerating it).
If you are doing the salmon version, don't mix it with the cream cheese, rather lay slices of salmon on the roulade sheet, spread with cream cheese, top with some watercress and roll! Do the same process if you want a proscuitto, creamy mushroom and rocket roulade.
I was a super duper sponge at the Food Bloggers Indaba 2011 on Sunday, absorbing everything from the views at Monkey Valley to every valuable word or tip from the speakers and fellow bloggers.
So many fantastic bloggers and iconic foodies including my idol, Abigail Donnelly, attended and it was such a honor to meet and chat with some of you, you have all inspired me so much. I don't want to mention names because I'm afraid I'll exclude someone – but you know who you are!
Colleen is such an amazing women for pulling this Indaba together, we are all so grateful for her passion and hard work. I must just mention the monster goodie bags we received, omg! Sponsors were Yuppie chef, Wusthof knives, Le creuset, Verlaque, Primitiv vodka, Lindt, Griottines, Madecasse chocolate, SAB, Simonsig, Eat in, Eat out, Taste, Fresh living – and more.
Also thank you to Nina and Sam for your inspiring photography and styling workshop on the balcony overlooking long beach! A breath of fresh air it was! Jane-Anne's talk and workshop on food writing was excellent, a witty and wise woman, I just lapped up every word she had to say! Meeting all these inspirational people made me certain that one day my dream will be realised too! I can't thank you all enough!
All of this was in our Goodie bags!
Your roulade looks sensational. It was lovely to meet you, I had a really good time in Cape Town.
….it should not come as too much of a surprise to you then then YOU inspire pleps like me too!!!
…and you have inspire dme to try a roulade, it looks amazing!!!
I've made Swiss Roll ONCE – in Home Ec at school. The whole taking out, rolling it up and then unrolling it to fill was just too much fuss!! It seems one no longer needs to do that YAY! Thanks for sharing this!
Wow – what a gorgeous dish! I love the idea of roulade as a starter, Carey.
Thanks for sharing that amazing goodie bag – I was so sad not to be at the indaba!
I've also tried to make a swiss roll once – came out all cracked – but edible! Love the savoury roulade – looks so sofisticated!
Wow, the roulade looks perfect!!


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Eligibility Requirements for American Legion Membership
If you are currently on active duty, serving the United States honorably, anywhere in the world, or have served honorably during any of the following eligible war eras, we invite you to become a member of The American Legion.
April 6, 1917 to Nov. 11, 1918 (World War I)
Dec. 7, 1941 to Dec. 31, 1946 (World War II)
June 25, 1950 to Jan. 31, 1955 (Korean War)
Feb. 28, 1961 to May 7, 1975 (Vietnam War)
Aug. 24, 1982 to July 31, 1984 (Lebanon / Grenada)
Dec. 20, 1989 to Jan. 31, 1990 (Panama)
Aug. 2, 1990 to today (Gulf War / War On Terrorism)
Mail an Application
Paid Up For Life Membership


Trying to setup Voicemail forwarding using Transcription option. It is greyed out (using Chrome browser). Please fix.
Am able to trick the webscreen into ungreying by clicking add, then selecting Mobile/SMS, then switching back to Email, then can select transcription. However, when I click Save, it returns an error message.


The Sacramento Delta Smelt is an endangered species which is considered a "canary in the coalmine" for the health of the entire ecosystem of the Sacramento Delta in California. Traditional methods for surveying their populations necessarily involve killing the fish. Boulder Labs worked with a local entrepreneur to develop a product that can perform non-lethal population surveys.
The process begins with a high-speed underwater video camera that is attached to a trawl net and towed behind a boat. The software, processing approximately 5GB of data per minute in real time, isolates and tracks objects -- including fish, debris, and plants-- as they pass through the video frame. These objects are then classified as one of several different delta fish species, or rejected as a different kind of object. Identified species can then be correlated with location and water quality data to better understand their population distribtions.


Stars Wars Medley on Melodica by the Melodica Men – This is great!
What started off as two guys playing toy instruments in the basement is now an internationally-acclaimed musical duo. Tristan Clarke and Joe Buono became friends while studying music at the Peabody Conservatory, and they have been playing melodica together since May 2016. A melodica is like a cross between a keyboard and a harmonica because you have to blow into it to make the reeds inside vibrate.
Last summer, the Melodica Men funded their tour of Seattle and Paris by busking in the street. In September 2016, their "Rite of Spring" video went viral and gained over 1.5 million views in one day. In December 2016, they played their solo debut with the Jacksonville Symphony at the Holiday Pops concert series. You can find the Melodica Men on Facebook, YouTube and Instagram.
Tristan is a graduate of the Juilliard School and plays principal trumpet with the Jacksonville Symphony. Joe has earned two Masters degrees from the Peabody Conservatory and is currently composing and teaching.
The melodica, also known as the pianica, blow-organ, key harmonica, or melodyhorn, is a free-reed instrument similar to the pump organ and harmonica. It has a musical keyboard on top, and is played by blowing air through a mouthpiece that fits into a hole in the side of the instrument. Pressing a key opens a hole, allowing air to flow through a reed. The keyboard is usually two or three octaves long. Melodicas are small, light, and portable. They are popular in music education, especially in Asia.
The modern form of the instrument was invented by Hohner in the 1950s, though similar instruments have been known in Italy since the 19th century.
The melodica was first used as a serious musical instrument in the 1960s by composers such as Steve Reich, in his piece titled Melodica (1966). Brazilian multi-instrumentalist Hermeto Pascoal developed a technique consisting of singing while playing the melodica, resulting in a wide tonal and harmonic palette. It is associated with Jamaican dub and reggae musician Augustus Pablo who popularized it in the 1970s. The melodica can often be seen being played by Jon Batiste on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert.


The president of the San Francisco Unified School District Board of Education wants to rename the school for Maya Angelou or some other non-slave holder.
San Francisco's school board president wanted to start a conversation but received hate instead.
Matt Haney, the president of the San Francisco Unified School District Board of Education, set off a firestorm last week on social media when he suggested renaming George Washington H.S. for Maya Angelou or some other non-slave holder.
Haney said a mural depicting the nation's first president with slaves greets people entering the school, which has a student population that's 6.2 percent African-American.
That's part of the reason the school board president gave for tweeting, "No schools named after slave owners." Angelou, a former student at the high school, would be a better choice, Haney suggested on Twitter, the Los Angeles Times reported.
In addition to angry posts, the San Francisco Police Department warned Haney about threats against him.


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A Closer Look – Should Jets Keep an Eye on Shaquem Griffin?
by Adam Melendez
in AFC, AFC East, New York Jets, NFL Draft, Opinion
A Closer Look - Should Jets Keep an Eye on Shaquem Griffin?
Throughout the years, there have been a ton of stories that could easily be made into movie scripts. Players in the NFL have gone through some extraordinary things to get to where they are. The story of Shaquem Griffin could be the next story everyone has their sights set on as he comes out of college.
Born with a birth defect, UCF's Shaquem Griffin had his hand amputated at the age of four. While many people would consider this as a vulnerability, Griffin was not easily deterred. Competing in all types of sports, not just football, Griffin proved to many that his passion for football would not be hindered by a physical disability. In 2012, Shaquem committed to UCF, where he would go on to play for the Knights for four years.
He made sure to make the most of his time in college.
Even with his UCF career ending with a Defensive MVP in a 34-27 Peach Bowl victory over Auburn, Griffin has already been quite decorated. AAC Defensive Player of the year, two time All-AAC team, second team All American, and a spot on the self proclaimed National Championship UCF team – finishing the season with their first undefeated record is just a few of Shaquem Griffin's achievements.
He announced his intention to pursue a career in the NFL following the team's Peach Bowl victory.
Already turning heads in the Senior Bowl, Texans head coach Bill O'brien had nothing but positive things to say about Griffin's performance. He has been playing well enough to make scouts forget that he is missing a hand. Rightfully so as well. As of now, he has not been invited to the Scouting Combine held in Indianapolis that allows prospects to workout for NFL scouts from all 32 franchises. It is expected that he will receive them and be given another chance to impress.
All-American LB Shaquem Griffin not invited to NFL combine. https://t.co/OcbNzxL2FE pic.twitter.com/KPsdgInCdC
— theScore (@theScore) January 24, 2018
So where does he fit in on the Jets?
In 2017, the Jets' defense was young, but lacking in many departments. Gaining leaders in Jamal Adams and a welcomed return of Demario Davis in a trade for Calvin Pryor with the Browns, Gang Green could always use some more positivity to help in their development.
The linebacker, in his UCF career, has recorded 195 total tackles, 33 tackles for loss, 18.5 sacks – which include 11.5 in Griffin's 2016 AAC Defensive Player of the Year campaign, three interceptions, and four forced fumbles. Griffin also recorded one touchdown in 2017, a fumble returned for a score in a 73-33 beating over the Austin Peay Governors
The Jets lack a serious threat to opposing quarterbacks. The team totaled 28 sacks while allowing 47, with the leader in sacks being Demario Davis with five. There is no question that Shaquem Griffin could easily make a name for himself right off the bat. A young, developing defense in the process of developing is the perfect position for Griffin to land.
As of now, Griffin is a projected fifth round pick. With a successful combine performance, his stock could rise, but lacking an invitation currently keeps him where he is. There is a low risk, high reward of the Jets taking him in the later rounds. If he is available, there could be no harm done in giving such a hard working player a shot.
– Adam Melendez is a staff writer for Full Press Coverage Jets and covers the New York Jets. Like and follow on Follow @melendez2015 Follow @FPC_Jets
Tags: 2018 NFL DraftAFCAFC EastfeaturedJetsNew York JetsNFL DraftNYJNYJetsshaquem griffin
Cowboys Mock Draft 1.0
Buffalo Bills: Things We Know This Week
Adam Melendez
Senior Bowl recap: Pittsburgh Steelers radar
He's not invited to the NFL combine


Index creation should not start when there is not enough disk space. An old table should not be dropped until it is completely empty. A database upgrade may happen only if a DBA has changed a default value of some setting. Many database upgrades have some prerequisites. If they are not met, the whole change should not even start. You may write a checklist during development and follow it on the upgrade but there is a better way - preconditions in Liquibase.
Usually, database changes go through a pipeline of environments. For example, they are developed at developers' laptops, checked into a repository, deployed to the development environment, pushed to the test environment and finally propagated to the production. Ideally, the changes should be applied to all these environments in the same way but in real life there are some exceptions.
Database compare by Liquibase >Do you have a way to compare two databases to check whether they are the same or they differ? And if they differ, would you like to know what is the difference? What would you say if I told you that Liquibase can do it and even generate an update script to make them the same? Oh, yes, it can. I am going to show you how to use it.
Do you have a way to compare two databases to check whether they are the same or they differ? And if they differ, would you like to know what is the difference? What would you say if I told you that Liquibase can do it and even generate an update script to make them the same? Oh, yes, it can. I am going to show you how to use it.
Autorollback in Liquibase Liquibase has a lot of cool features that makes this tool very useful. One of my favorite is autorollback.
Liquibase has a lot of cool features that makes this tool very useful. One of my favorite is autorollback. I do not have to write rollback instructions for all changes sets to keep a possibility of reverting changes. Liquibase does it by itself for the majority of DDL statements. My video shows how it can be used, when it works and when it does not.
If you are missing more basic information about Liquibase, check my introduction to Liquibase article and video or other Liquibase articles.


Kidd Kraddick founded Kidd's Kids in 1991 with a dream to make a difference in the lives of children and their families who were dealing with life altering conditions.
Initially, the program began as a bus ride to Sea World in San Antonio, Texas. Thanks to the volunteer efforts from our partners, donors, and medical professionals, along with the Kidd Kraddick Morning Show listeners' willingness to embrace our mission, Kidd's Kids has grown at an exponential rate.
In its 26th year, the charity has sent over 1000 kids and their families on a trip of a lifetime to Walt Disney World in Orlando, Florida. Our goal is to continue to grow that number each year.
Kidd's Kids, is once again bringing the spirit of the Mardi Gras to Dallas for our 2nd Annual Krewe de Kidds Mardi Gras Masquerade. This event will bring together over 300 guests for a night of revelry with live music, creole cuisine, a luxury raffle, live and silent auctions.
All proceeds benefit the continuation of the Kidd's Kids Teen Trip with Caroline. Kidd's Kids mission is to provide hope and happiness by creating beautiful memories for families of children with life-altering or life-threatening conditions.
For over 25 years Kidd's Kids has taken children, ages 5-12, and their families on all-expenses-paid vacations to Walt Disney World. In 2017 Kidd's Kids added the Teen Trip with Caroline Kraddick taking teens, ages 13-18, along with their families, on a magical week-stay at Orlando's Give Kids the World Village. Families visit Disney World, Universal Studios and SeaWorld.
We invite you to partner with us and become an official sponsor of our Krewe de Kids Mardi Gras event as we strive to raise funds to continue to grow the number of teens and their families we can send on these magical vacations where life-long friendships are formed through the unique group trips.


Toffler is optimistic about the future in 1990. He sees the democratic ideal of freedom of expression as a precondition for economic competitiveness, which is undermining dictatorships. In other words, for the most part, the U.S. needn't militarily deal with communists and dictators (with the possible exception of people like Saddam Hussein—who we captured in 2003, and the Iraqis hung him), since their very systems are destroying them from within, as happened in the U.S.S.R. This article also says that world opinion is going against murderous regimes, which have no moral legitimacy and must put up with U.N. sanctions.
We'll not be surprised if Iraqis start seeing billboards with "Miss me yet?" under Saddam's picture since the U.S. screwed up Iraq infinitely more than Saddam ever did!
It is true, in 2016, that world opinion is going against murderous regimes, since the warmongering neocon empire builders like Dubya and Obama have overstayed their troops' welcome in the Middle East, and the world can see that the horrible ISIS mess happened from OBomb'em bungling on a massive scale. The world's biggest worry around 2005 was terrorists, but by 2010 it was the crazy, out-of-control aggression of a rogue state called USA. ISIS has made millions long for the days of Saddam Hussein and for 2000 when the U.S. seemed to stay in their own yard.


Online games are becoming increasingly popular, with many to choose from. The gaming industry has grown year on year partly due to the rise in popularity of smartphones.
This entry was posted in Games on May 3, 2014 by admin.
Three basic types of 12 bore shotgun, Side by Side, Semi-Automatic and Over and Under.
Game shooters tend to use side by side shotguns. On a side by side, the barrels are next to each other.
This entry was posted in Entertainment, Hobbies & Sports on May 3, 2014 by admin.
Flash drives come in a range of forms. Different size memory storage cards are designed for all the different electronic devices available.
This entry was posted in Technology on May 3, 2014 by admin.
This entry was posted in Body Art, Personal on May 3, 2014 by admin.
This entry was posted in Diet & Nutrition on May 3, 2014 by admin.
This entry was posted in Health, Smoking Cessation on May 3, 2014 by admin.


This will break the silence: a donut-shaped Earth painted on a tea table by my boyfriend and me! We do believe in a ball-shaped Earth. However there is some sense in the image, since we humans tend to look up from the Earth to the sky and its celestial bodies. It's an interesting perspective at least. This month I've been very busy with my internship and shipping myself back and forth accross the country. Hopefully the storm will calm and I can get some peace more easily.


More people are shelling out big bucks for a bespoke bike – and transforming the cycling experience in the process.
Max Cavalli grew up in Milan, cycling around the Italian Alps with his cousins. Now, the Toronto-based banking executive rides about 5,000 kilometres a year. So, when he wanted a new bike last year, an off-the-rack ride from his local shop wasn't going to cut it.
Custom bikes not only look great, they are often made with top-quality, even handmade parts, and each component of the machine is chosen to fit your body.
A growing number of Canadians are shelling out anywhere between $5,000 and $50,000 for a custom, souped-up bicycle. "For the last few years, growth in custom bikes has been very strong," says Julien Papon, president/founder of Toronto bespoke bicycle maker and private club Vitess Bicycle Corp.
At one time, it was only hard-core cyclists who splurged on bespoke bikes, but the market is expanding. Increasingly, Vitess is selling bikes to novice riders who want to get into the sport with a top-notch piece of equipment. (Many get a custom bike when they sign up for the company's charity bike ride.) More women are buying custom bikes, too, says Papon.
This isn't about getting an expensive ride to show off to your pals, only to triple-lock it in the garage. Custom bikes not only look great, they are often made with top-quality, even handmade parts, and each component of the machine is chosen to fit your body. Papon's company selects from seven different handlebars, six different seat posts and two dozen seats.
Purchasing a bike begins with a consultation. "The first thing we do is talk about goals. What is that person aspiring to do? Is this their first year biking? Do they want to do a triathlon?" says Papon.
Then, at Vitess, the customer gets on something called a fit cycle, which is a fully adjustable bike, so the company can create a 3D pattern of the person.
An artist can paint your bike with a corporate logo or your favourite flower. Soccer buff Cavalli's bike is painted with images from a favourite Inter Milan jersey – the details are even colour-matched. You can have a seat made out of high-end leather and have the stitching match the paint.
When you go through the 6-to-12-week process of designing and awaiting delivery of a high-end bike, regular upkeep is de rigueur. Many of Papon's customers become part of VitessX, an exclusive club with more than 1,500 members and guests.
The company offers bike maintenance, refitting and training, and hosts business-networking events and group rides – many services are run out of its 2,000-square-foot facility in north Toronto.
While it may seem odd that newbie cyclists want custom bikes, it makes total sense to Papon. If you're going to start a sport, why not start off right? Getting the perfect bike will make for a better ride on the road, bike path or mountain trail. And going through the customizing experience connects you to the cycling community and gets you invested in the bike itself.


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Q: How can I shift raster layer for making cloud-shadow mask? I want to make cloud shadow mask in QGIS. I have raster cloud mask and I have to shift it by X,Y coordinates. Is there any easy solution?

A: Yes, there is a very simple solution.
Use either QGIS Translate Raster or GDAL_Translate to create a world-type image (like .bmp, .jpg, .gif or .bil). These rasters don't contain georeference in themselves but rely on a world file with the first/last letters of the image and 'w' on the end, thus a jpg has a jgw file, a bitmap (bmp) has a bpw file.
The world file is just a text format (open in notepad) and you can adjust the coordinates easily stepping until it gets in the right spot (usually 4-6 iterations, depending on how good a guesser you are). Read this to understand the parameters.
BIL/BSQ files are different to worlded files but the concept is the same, the georeference is in a text format, read this to learn more.
Alternately you could georeference the cloud mask to the original but that relies on many points of similarity which may or may not be present.