5.Cause of occurrence:HTC is disappointed at the outcome of the recent ITC ruling that stated Apple did not infringe S3 Graphics' patents. S3 Graphics will continue to appeal. HTC has made significant effort in preparing for these complicated legal proceedings, including a complete legal investigation and comprehensive report on patent and price evaluations. HTC had decided to acquire S3 Graphics based on the strong belief that evidences of patent infringement from Apple were clear and ITC ruled in its initial determination that Apple had infringed two patents from S3. In light of recent development, HTC will work closely in good faith with VIA Technologies and WTI Investment International to conduct holistic re-evaluation of the S3 Graphics acquisition.


text:
FROM node:8.9.1

# Manually install dependencies for running Chrome bundled with Puppeteer.
# See https://github.com/GoogleChrome/puppeteer/issues/290 for more info.
RUN apt-get update && \
  apt-get install -yq gconf-service libasound2 libatk1.0-0 libc6 libcairo2 libcups2 libdbus-1-3 \
  libexpat1 libfontconfig1 libgcc1 libgconf-2-4 libgdk-pixbuf2.0-0 libglib2.0-0 libgtk-3-0 libnspr4 \
  libpango-1.0-0 libpangocairo-1.0-0 libstdc++6 libx11-6 libx11-xcb1 libxcb1 libxcomposite1 \
  libxcursor1 libxdamage1 libxext6 libxfixes3 libxi6 libxrandr2 libxrender1 libxss1 libxtst6 \
  ca-certificates fonts-liberation libappindicator1 libnss3 lsb-release xdg-utils wget

COPY .angular-cli.json \
  karma.conf.js \
  package.json \
  protractor-ci.conf.js \
  protractor.conf.js \
  proxy-config.json \
  tsconfig.json \
  tslint.json \
  yarn.lock \
  /frontend-webapp/

WORKDIR /frontend-webapp
RUN yarn install --frozen-lockfile --non-interactive

CMD ["yarn", "start"]

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


text:
CWKS Legia Warschau (polnisch CWKS Legia Warszawa, vollständig Centralny Wojskowy Klub Sportowy Legia Warszawa) ist ein polnischer Leistungs- und Breitensportverein aus Warschau. Der Verein wurde 1916 gegründet und kam nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg als staatlicher Armeeklub zu besonderem Ruhm im polnischen Sport.

Fußball

Volleyball
Die Volleyball-Abteilung wurde 1947 gegründet und gehört zu den erfolgreichsten in ganz Polen. In der Saison 2009/10 spielte die erste Mannschaft jedoch in der drittklassigen 2. Liga. Die Abteilung gewann achtmal die polnische Meisterschaft und wurde fünfmal polnischer Pokalsieger.

Eishockey

Die Eishockey-Abteilung gehörte bis Ende der 1960er zu den erfolgreichsten in ganz Polen, und ist bis heute mit 13 Titeln Vizerekordmeister. Seit der Saison 2011/12 spielt das Team in der zweitklassigen I liga.

Rugby
Seit 2012 existiert wieder eine Rugby-Abteilung. Die erste Mannschaft spielt in der Saison 2015/16 in der zweitklassigen 1. Liga; siehe hierzu auch Rugby in Polen.

Basketball
Die Basketball-Abteilung gewann achtmal die polnische Meisterschaft, und zweimal den polnischen Pokal. In der Saison 2022 wurde Legia polnischer Vizemeister.

Radsport

Die Radsport-Abteilung besitzt seit 2005 besitzt eine Lizenz der UCI als Continental Team und nimmt damit an den UCI Continental Circuits teil. Bedingt durch Co-Sponsoren lief die Mannschaft auch zwischenzeitlich unter dem Namen Legia-Bazyliszek oder Legia-TV4.

Weblinks

Einzelnachweise

Warschau, Legia

Sportverein (Warschau)
Gegründet 1916

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
California Environmental Law & Policy Update - October 2019 #3
Margaret Akerblom, David Cooke, Sandi Nichols
Gavin Newsom reforms oil standards with regulatory changes and appointments
The Bakersfield Californian – October 14
Governor Gavin Newsom last weekend announced that he signed half a dozen bills regulating petroleum activities in California. Among them, Assembly Bill 1057 for the first time tasks the state's primary oil regulatory agency—the new Geologic Energy Management Division, formerly known as the state Division of Oil, Gas, and Geothermal Resources—with responsibility for reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with oil production. It is part of a new legislative mandate that the protection of environmental quality be central to the agency's work. Other laws signed include Assembly Bill 342, which forbids any state entity from entering into a lease or other agreement aimed at building petroleum infrastructure on federally protected lands. Oil industry trade groups denounced what they saw at the bills' anti-oil tone, and expressed concern that the bills do not address demand for oil and will simply replace domestic energy with foreign imports.
Tests of California water supplies reveal widespread PFAS contamination
San Francisco Chronicle – October 14
New test results released Monday by the State Water Resources Control Board (Water Board) found trace amounts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), a class of toxic chemicals used since the 1940s for various consumer and industrial goods and recently linked to cancer, in dozens of the 600 water supplies tested. The tests, which cover a fraction of California's well water supply, represent California's fledgling effort to get a handle on contaminants that until recently have not been well tracked and regulated. What level of the chemical is safe for drinking is not agreed upon, and neither California nor the federal government maintain PFAS limits in water supplies. California is in the process of developing standards for PFAS, and a new law that takes effect next year will require water agencies to notify customers if any level of PFAS is found in the water supply. As part of these efforts, the Water Board plans to expand its testing of the chemicals to additional wells and continue to publicly post the data on its new PFAS interactive website.
New Chevron crude spills emerge in Kern County oil field
KQED – October 15
Thousands of gallons of crude petroleum were released over the weekend near a part of Chevron's steam injection well network in a Kern County oil field, prompting a new cleanup effort and state response. The two new spills, one of which covered the length of two football fields, are in the same area where a larger uncontrolled release of 234,000 gallons of oil has taken place since August. New regulations went into effect in April, barring the oil releases. State lawmakers plan to hold an oversight hearing on the spills this winter.
Conservationists seek protection of California Joshua trees
Associated Press – October 15
In a petition filed Tuesday with the California Fish and Game Commission, the Center for Biological Diversity seeks to have the western Joshua tree protected as a "threatened" species under the California Endangered Species Act (CESA) because of threats from climate change and habitat destruction. According to the petition, researchers have found that Joshua trees are dying off due to hotter and drier conditions and face destruction by fire due to invasive, non-native grasses in those locations, and that they are impacted by urban sprawl in the desert as well as degradation of habitat for energy projects, powerlines, pipelines, and off-road-vehicle use. The petition comes amid rising concern about the future of the trees that have come to symbolize the Mojave Desert and draw throngs to Joshua Tree National Park. Under the CESA, the state Department of Fish and Wildlife has three months to make a recommendation to the Fish and Game Commission, which would then vote on the petition next year.
California Water Board approves 35-year plan to tackle farm pollution
Courthouse News Service – October 16
The State Water Resources Control Board on Wednesday approved new rules requiring Central Valley farmers to enter into management plans to mitigate salt and nitrate discharges into groundwater supplies. High levels of nitrates plague groundwater basins across the state, particularly adjacent to major Central Valley farming operations, and are one of the most common contaminants found in California's water systems. The state estimates that high salinity, a result of long-term irrigation, could cost farmers up to $1.5 billion by 2030 and require fallowing hundreds of thousands of acres. Under the framework approved Wednesday, dischargers will have 35 years to comply with state nitrate limits and can petition the water board for a 10-year extension. The plan will now go to the state's office of administrative law and then to federal regulators for approval.
Coastal Commission approves permit to dismantle the San Onofre nuclear plant
The San Diego Union-Tribune – October 17
The California Coastal Commission gave approval this Thursday for Southern California Edison (SCE) to proceed with plans to dismantle the San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station, known as SONGS, where canisters loaded with nuclear waste are being moved from "wet storage" to a newly constructed "dry storage" facility on site. The permit will allow SCE contractors to begin removing major structures at the facility, located on an 85-acre chunk of Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton owned by the Department of the Navy. SONGS is home to 3.55 million pounds of used-up nuclear fuel, between the Pacific and Interstate 5. SCE officials said the complete dismantlement will take eight to 10 years and efforts will likely begin late this year or early next year. Ultimately, the federal government has the final say about where used-up commercial nuclear fuel should go. But since a permanent site has not been found, nuclear waste at plants like SONGS have been piling up for decades.
California Environmental Law & Policy Update - November 2019 #2
California Environmental Law & Policy Update - November 2019
California Environmental Law & Policy Update - October 2019
California Environmental Law & Policy Update - September #4
© Allen Matkins | Attorney Advertising
Margaret Akerblom
Sandi Nichols
Science, Computers & Technology
Allen Matkins on:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Who is Cristiano Ronaldo's dad, what was his job and how old was the Portugal star when he died?
CRISTIANO RONALDO has opened up on his past in a revealing new interview.
The Portuguese superstar, has been at the very top of the beautiful game for the past decade – but revealed in an emotional interview with Piers Morgan that his father never saw him reach those lofty heights.
Cristiano Ronaldo is looking to kick on after captaining Portugal to a second international trophy in the summer's Nations LeagueCredit: Getty – Contributor
Who is Cristiano Ronaldo's dad?
RONALDO has come a long way since arriving at Manchester United as a skinny teenager in 2003.
But he has revealed that he barely knew his father Jose Dinis Aveiro – and rarely even had a proper conversation before heading off to become one of the greatest players of all time.
Dinis was a soldier who had fought in Africa and was deeply affected by his experiences in Mozambique and Angola.
He struggled with an alcohol issue, which has resulted in his son becoming tee-total.
In the upcoming interview, Piers Morgan showed Ronaldo footage of his dad praising his son for Norwegian TV shortly before he died.
Ronaldo with his mother Dolores and father DinisCredit: Collect
An emotional Ronaldo revealed: "I never saw that video. Unbelievable.
"I think the interview would be funny, but I didn't expect to cry. But I never saw these images. I don't know where you… I have to have these images to show my family.
"I really don't know my father 100 per cent. He was a drunk person. I never spoke with him, like a normal conversation. It was hard.
"To be the number one and he don't see nothing, and he don't see to receive awards, to see what I became."
Ronaldo's mother Dolores has previously spoken out how her life was made difficult by her husband's alcohol problem.
She explained: "He was drunk almost every day. I never really knew him well. I would have liked him to have been around more.
"Although he never mistreated his children, I became his victim."
When did he die?
DINIS struggled with alcoholism and died of liver failure.
He passed away in 2005, just two years after Ronaldo headed to England and Manchester United.
As a result, he missed his son winning five Champions League titles, five Ballon d'Or awards and leading his country to Euro 2016 glory.
Ronaldo was just 20 when his father died.
Posted in NewsTagged Explainers, Soccer
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The SolidWorks Community Forums are a true peer-to-peer training resource that should be on your daily watch list. You'll find hundreds of daily discussons and scores of fellow SolidWorks users logged in at any given time. If you have a question about working with SolidWorks, the SolidWorks Discussion Forums are there for you.
SolidWorks User Group "Social Pages"
In addition to the regular discussion area, the SolidWorks Discussion Forums are home to many individual user group "Social Pages". These semi-private or members only groups are maintained by user group leaders and provide an area for uploading meeting minutes and related documents, and a place to discuss group business.
Check out the "User Groups" social page here.


text:
Alzosure Test
Alzosure Predict
Blood Test For Alzheimer Years in Advance
"There's still no cheap, effective way to diagnose the disease."
"We believe fundamentally that all […] Alzheimer's trials in the industry are intervening too late. By the time you've seen any real symptoms, you're actually quite far along."
Vas Narasimhan. Novartis CEO
...87% of people would take a test able to predict Alzheimer before onset of symptoms even without an available treatment..
World Economic Survey
On how to make Alzheimer's trials work: "..when you're going after this amyloid plaque buildup you need to start 10 years before"
Prof. Reisa Sperling. Harvard University
"My diagnosis took eight months. […] I went through a battery – neuropsych testing, spinal taps, MRIs, blood work – you name it and I went through it."
Patient's experience; Voices of Alzheimer's Disease – Alzheimer's association; 2008
"In this bright age of science, we still don't have a defining way of making a diagnosis early that says, This is Alzheimer's, and let's cope with it."
Voices of Alzheimer's Disease – Alzheimer's association; 2008
Vas Narasimhan. Novartis CEO:
About Diadem
is to enable prediction, monitoring, diagnosis & successful drug development for Alzheimer's disease. Diadem is determined to solve one of the biggest problems in Alzheimer's disease drug development and patient care: early, accurate, predictive, fast, non-invasive and cost effective diagnosis.
was founded in 2012 as a spin-off of University of Brescia (Italy). Diadem is a pure diagnostic company committed to carry on specific research and development on early peripheral markers of Alzheimer's disease into technology, bringing together some of the most senior experts from industry and academia to advance a breakthrough in Alzheimer's disease in the clinic. Diadem is preparing for large retrospective and prospective trials to confirm initial data
is an innovative blood-based test exploiting a proprietary antibody targeting a specific conformation of p53 protein. This biomarker, known to be associated with several patients' inflammatory conditions, showed instead to be highly specific for Alzheimer's Disease onset, providing a signal also in pre-symptomatic population. Such a test has shown in pilot clinical studies the ability to predict the risk of cognitive decline in elderly patients (symptomatic and asymptomatic) who are being assessed for Alzheimer's Disease. Besides providing a fast and affordable diagnosis, AlzoSure™ is an enabler of effective patient's recruitment in clinical trials for the development of AD drugs
Our test is a plasma-based and capable of identifying a particular status of P53 which demonstrated to be highly sensitive and specific for Alzheimer's Disease. Alzosure also proved to be accurate for beta amyloid (ẞ Amyloid PET), the standard of care biomarker in diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease Learn more
Blood-based diagnostics for early detection of Alzheimer's Disease
Legal Headquarters:
Via XX Settembre 14/A, 25124
Email: contact@diademdx.com
Operative Headquarters:
Via A. Meucci, 3, 20091
Bresso (MI), Italy
Diadem tests are not approved under any geography
Copyrights © 2019 All Rights Reserved by Diadem srl.


R/lineup is an R package with tools for detecting and correcting sample mix-ups between two sets of measurements, such as between gene expression data on two tissues, and between gene expression and marker genotype data in an experimental cross. The package is particularly aimed at eQTL data for an experimental cross and as a companion to R/qtl.
This document provides a brief tutorial on the use of the package.
We will consider a set of simulated data as an example. This is an F2 intercross with 100 individuals genotyped at 1000 autosomal markers, and with gene expression data on 5000 genes in two tissues.
We first load the R/qtl and R/lineup packages.
The data are immediately available, but we can also make copies in our workspace with data().
The data set f2cross is the experimental cross, in the form used by R/qtl (that is, an object of class "cross"). The data sets expr1 and expr2 are matrices with the gene expression data, with individuals as rows and genes as columns. The object pmap is a physical map of the markers in f2cross (with positions in Mbp), and genepos is a data frame with the genomic positions (in Mbp) of the genes in expr1 and expr2.
The expression data sets were stored as integers; let's divide all values by 1000, to simplify some later plots.
We'll first consider the gene expression data in expr1 and expr2 and look for possible sample mix-ups. The basic scheme (see Broman et al. 2014) is to identify a set of genes with highly correlated expression between the two tissues, and then use these genes to measure the association between each sample in the first tissue with each sample in the second tissue.
To start, note that there are 98 individuals in each data set; there are two individuals missing from each.
The function findCommonID() helps to find individuals that are in common between the two data sets. For matrices, the default is to use the row names as identifiers.
In the returned object, eid$first and eid$second contain indices for expr1 and expr2, respectively, to get them to line up (and omitting individuals that appear in one data set but not the other).
Now let's look at the correlation between tissues for each gene, to identify genes that are highly correlated between the two tissues. We subset the rows with the IDs in eid, so that the rows correspond (except perhaps for sample mix-ups, but we've not identified those yet).
The function corbetw2mat() can be used to calculate portions of the correlations between columns of two different matrices . With what="paired" (the default), we assume that the two matrices have the same number of columns (say p), and that column i in the first matrix corresponds to column i in the second matrix, and we calculate just the p correlation values, for the paired columns.
Here's a histogram of these 5000 correlations.
You can see that this is totally contrived data. Most genes have a positive correlation between the two tissues, with a bunch in the 0 – 0.5 range, and then a bunch more near 1. But then 10% of genes are negatively correlated, again with the pattern that a bunch are in the range -0.5 – 0 and then a bunch more are near -1.
Let's focus on genes that have between-tissue correlation > 0.9 in absolute value (of which there are 1553), and then look at the correlation, across these genes, between samples in tissue 1 and samples in tissue 2. This is done with the distee() function ("dist" for distance and "ee" for expression vs. expression).
The result is an object of class "lineupdist". If you plot the result, you'll get two histograms: one of the self-self correlations, and another of the self-nonself correlations.
For most individuals, the self-self correlation (top panel) is near 1, but there are 5 individuals with self-self correlation < 0.5. Similarly, most of the self-nonself correlations (bottom panel) are between -0.5 and 0.5, but there's a group of 5 correlations where the self-nonself correlation is near 1.
You can use the helper functions pulldiag() and omitdiag() to do these sorts of counts: pulldiag() pulls out the "diagonal" of the correlation matrix (the self-self cases), and omitdiag() sets those diagonal values to NA.
So to count the number of self-self correlations that are < 0.5, we do the following.
To count the number of self-nonself correlations that are > 0.5, we do the following.
Applying the summary() function to the output of distee() gives a pair of tables that indicate potential mix-ups.
In the first table, each row is a sample from the first data set. The first column (maxc) is the maximum correlation between that sample and the different samples in the second data set, the second column (nextc) is the next-highest correlation, and the third column (selfc) is the self-self correlation. For the rows where selfc is low but maxc is high, a sample mix-up is indicated. The last column is the sample in the second data set that has the highest correlation. The rows are ordered by the value in maxc, but with some re-ordering to bring apparent matches adjacent to each other.
In the second table, the rows correspond to samples in the second data set.
The rows with NA in the selfc column are cases where a sample appears in one data set but not the other. In these cases, we expect the maximum correlation to be small, and for these cases it is.
In addition, sample 48 in the first data set appears to be much like sample 76 in the second data set, but sample 48 in the second data set doesn't look like any of the samples in the first data set. This is the sort of thing you see when there is a sample duplicate: sample 48 in the first data set is perhaps a copy of sample 76 in the first data set.
If we make a scatterplot those two samples, which have correlation > 0.99 across all genes, it's pretty clear that they're duplicates.
We could drop sample 48 from the first data set, but we should first average these two "unintended technical replicates" (we measured the same thing twice, so why not combine the pairs of measurements), and then drop the sample.
Let's now turn to lining up the expression data with the genotype data. The procedure is a bit like that above, in lining up the two expression data sets. We first find phenotype/genotype pairs that are highly associated; we'll look at the association between the expression of a gene and the genotype at its genomic position (that is, the local-eQTL effect). We select genes with very strong local-eQTL, and use them to form classifiers, of genotype from expression phenotype. We then compare the predicted genotypes at the eQTL to the observed marker genotypes.
We first calculate QTL genotype probabilities at a grid along the genome. We assume a 0.2% genotyping error rate and do the calculations at the markers and on a 1 cM grid across each chromosome.
We then need to find, for each gene, the marker or pseudomarker that is closest to its position. We can use find.gene.pseudomarker() to do so, interpolating between the physical and genetic marker maps. Recall that pmap is the physical map of the markers in f2cross, and genepos is a data frame with the physical positions of the genes in the expression data.
This gives us a warning that a small number of genes are > 2 Mbp from any pseudomarker, but we can ignore this.
We now use calc.locallod() to perform a QTL analysis for each expression trait. (With the argument n.cores, these calculations can be performed in parallel with that many CPU cores. Use n.cores=0 to automatically detect the number of available cores.) For each gene, we just look at the one location that is closest to its genomic position. We use findCommonID() again to identify the individuals in common between the cross and the expression data sets, and to line up these assumed-to-be-matching individuals.
The lod1 and lod2 results are vectors of 5000 LOD scores (one LOD score for each gene, calculated near its genomic location). These LOD scores have highly skewed distributions. There are 25 and 30 genes with LOD > 25 in the two data sets, respectively.
We'll use these genes to form classifiers for predicting eQTL genotype from expression phenotype, and then we'll calculate a distance measure (proportion of differences, between the observed and predicted eQTL genotypes) between each genotype sample and each expression array.
When we use summary() with these results, we get tables much like what we got for the correlations between samples in the gene expression arrays, but here we're looking for small rather than large values. In the first table, the rows correspond to genotype samples; in the second table, the rows correspond to expression arrays.
Between the genotype data and the first expression data set, we see three mix-ups: (31,84), (65,68), and (24,92). Recall that (24,92) was a mix-up between expr1 and expr2. The minimum distances (mind) are a bit high, but this is likely because the sample sizes are small and the QTL effects are not huge.
Here is the summary for the second data set.
Between the genotype data and the second expression data set, we see three mix-ups: (31,84), (65,68), and (44,66). Recall that (44,66) was a mix-up between expr1 and expr2.
The function combinedist() can be used to combine the two sets of distances, useful for the cases where the problem is in the genotype data, as with more genotype:phenotype comparisons, there will be greater separation, in terms of proportion mismatches, between the correct and incorrect pairs.
The cases with mix-ups in one or the other expression data set become a bit muddled, but the two mix-ups in the genotype data, (31,84) and (65,68), remain clear.
The (24,92) samples were mixed-up between the two expression data sets and between the first expression data set and the genotypes. We conclude that the mix-up was likely in the first expression data set.
Similarly, (44,66) were mixed-up between the two expression data sets and between the second expression data set and the genotypes. We conclude that the mix-up was likely in the second expression data set.
Finally, in the genotype data, (31,84) were swapped, as were (65,68). That these were concordant between the two expression data sets leads us to conclude that the error was in the genotypes.
There was also that duplicate in the first expression data set: sample 48 was a duplicate of sample 76.


text:
Home Gaming The Boys Season 4 Will Have the 'Most Disgusting Thing' According to...
The Boys Season 4 Will Have the 'Most Disgusting Thing' According to VFX Supervisor as Simon Pegg Announces His Return
If there's any show that can drop your jaws with its graphic content, then it's probably Amazon's The Boys.
The adaptation of the popular comic book series showcases superheroes in a different light, compared to the regular shows and films involving superpowered characters.
During the course of a season, The Boys has stunned audiences with its content, and it seems like the shock factor won't stop with Season 4, which might release later this year.
According to The Boys VFX Supervisor and Associate Producer Stephan Fleet's recent tweet, it looks like showrunner Eric Kripke is all set to disgust audiences with more graphic scenes.
I think I just saw the most disgusting thing I have seen working in this business thus far. #TheBoystv
— Stephan Fleet (@stephanfleet) January 12, 2023
The show's Twitter account even poked fun at Fleet's tweet by claiming that the series might take a U-Turn, and have a PG rating compared to the 18+ content from the previous three seasons.
Season 4, rated PG!!! https://t.co/KQg0QuMnxM
— THE BOYS (@TheBoysTV) January 12, 2023
Also Read: RRR Wins Critics Choice Award for Best International Film; James Cameron Appreciated Film, Steven Spielberg Liked Naatu Naatu and More
Simon Pegg announces his return to Season 4 of The Boys
In other The Boys news, British actor Simon Pegg will also be part of the upcoming season. Pegg recently posted a photo on his Instagram account, which showed the words "Hugh Sr", which means that the actor will be back to play the father of Hughie Campbell, who is played by Jack Quaid.
The Mission Impossible actor was part of Season 1. However, he hasn't made much of an impact since then, as he only showed up in the Season 3 premiere. It will be interesting to see what the character has in store for the upcoming season.
Read Next: Amazon India Great Republic Day Sale 2023 Is Offering Impressive Discounts Across the Site; Teases Sony PlayStation 5 Restock
Pegg
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text:
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Marty Lockshin
"Esau Hates Jacob": But Is Antisemitism a Halakha?
https://thetorah.com/article/esau-hates-jacob-but-is-antisemitism-a-halakha
Esau kisses Jacob upon the latter's return from Haran. Famously, in the Torah scroll, the word kiss is dotted, implying that his kiss may have been more (or less) than just a kiss. Nevertheless, perhaps in this case, "a kiss is but a kiss."
Prof. Rabbi
Jacob meets his brother Esau. Bible Pictures and What They Teach Us by Charles Foster, 1897.
The Split between the Brothers
After more than twenty years apart, Jacob and Esau finally reunite. They had not parted on good terms. Jacob had duped his father and stolen the blessing meant for Esau; Esau became very angry and wanted to kill him (Genesis 27:41).
Hearing of these plans, Rebekah took action, telling Jacob (Genesis 27:42-45):
…הִנֵּה עֵשָׂו אָחִיךָ מִתְנַחֵם לְךָ לְהָרְגֶךָ: וְעַתָּה בְנִי שְׁמַע בְּקֹלִי וְקוּם בְּרַח לְךָ אֶל לָבָן אָחִי חָרָנָה: וְיָשַׁבְתָּ עִמּוֹ יָמִים אֲחָדִים עַד אֲשֶׁר תָּשׁוּב חֲמַת אָחִיךָ: עַד שׁוּב אַף אָחִיךָ מִמְּךָ וְשָׁכַח אֵת אֲשֶׁר עָשִׂיתָ לּוֹ וְשָׁלַחְתִּי וּלְקַחְתִּיךָ מִשָּׁם:
"Your brother Esau is consoling himself by planning to kill you. 43 Now, my son, listen to me. Flee at once to Haran, to my brother Laban. 44 Stay with him a while, until your brother's fury subsides— 45 until your brother's anger against you subsides—and he forgets what you have done to him. Then I will fetch you from there."
Jacob followed his mother's advice and fled to Laban. After we learn that Esau marries yet another wife, one presumably more to his parents' liking, we hear nothing about him until Jacob's return to Canaan.
His mother had promised that when Esau's anger subsided, she would fetch Jacob and she also intimated that this would take only a short while (literally, a few days, or perhaps a few years; ימים אחדים). The Torah never says that Rebekah sent word to Jacob that it was safe to come home. Rather it was God, more than twenty years later, who tells Jacob to return to Canaan and promises to be with him (Genesis 31:3).
On his return trip, when Jacob comes close to Esau's territory, he sends messengers to Esau, presumably to determine whether he should still be afraid. He hears that Esau is on his way over with 400 men (Gen 32:7), and concludes that Esau is still eager to kill him or at least to do him harm, so he initiates various strategies—prayer (vv. 10-13), bribes (vv. 14-22) and preparation for the worst (vv. 8-9)[1] —in an attempt to deal with the danger.
Rashbam – He Had Nothing to Fear
While almost all Jewish commentators assume that Jacob drew the correct conclusion about Esau's evil intentions, as is typical, Rashbam goes against the consensus. He argues that Jacob misunderstood Esau's friendly intentions. Not only that, Jacob failed to trust God's promise to be with him, and he eventually was punished for that faithlessness when he was injured by the man/angel (Gen 32:26).[2]
An Ostensibly Happy Reunion
Either because Jacob's tactics successfully won over his brother, or because Esau had calmed down independently, the meeting of the brothers goes well:
וַיָּרָץ עֵשָׂו לִקְרָאתוֹ וַיְחַבְּקֵהוּ וַיִּפֹּל עַל צַוָּארָו וַׄיִּׄשָּׁׄקֵ֑ׄהׄוּׄ וַיִּבְכּוּ:
Esau ran to greet him. He embraced him and, falling on his neck, he kissed him; and they wept. (Genesis 33:4)
A Dotted Kiss
Unusually, the word וַיִּשָּׁקֵהוּ (he kissed him) is written in the Torah scroll with a dot above each of its six letters. What is the meaning of these "puncta extraordinaria," the technical term for these dots? How did later Jewish tradition relate to them and specifically to the kiss in this verse?[3]
Scribal Notation for Erasure
Professor David Weiss Halivni argues that Ezra the Scribe added dots on top of various letters or words in the Torah as part of his project of trying to clean up a "maculate" text, one that contained many errors. Instead of erasing the words, he placed dots above them to signify that they might not belong in the text.[4] (Presumably this explanation implies that the scribes were suggesting that Esau never did kiss Jacob.) This practice goes back at least to the Qumran community.[5] We also know that in later periods of history, scribes often put dots over words instead of erasing them, as in this picture of a pre-modern Talmud manuscript where the scribe (or someone later?) recognized that two words איזו היא were written by mistake:[6]
A different theory, propounded by Professor Saul Lieberman, is that dots were used by ancient scribes as a way of drawing attention to a word.
In the classical Greek texts the διπλῆ served a similar purpose. It called attention to a remarkable passage, to a πολύσημυς λέξις to a text which has many significations. Any Greek grammarian upon finding such a critical mark in a classic text without a commentary would ask: τί ποτε σημαίνει "What in the world does it signify?" The Rabbis did the same thing.[7]
Midrash – Questioning Esau's Intentions
The Tannaitic midrash halakha work from around the 3rd century, Sifrei Bemidbar, provides explanations for the ten passages in the Torah where dots appear above letters, including our example, which Rashi quotes in his commentary to this verse:
וישקהו – נקוד עליו, ויש חולקין בדבר הזה בברייתא דספרי, יש שדרשו נקודה זו לומר שלא נשקו בכל לבו. אמר ר' שמעון בן יוחאי הלכה היא בידוע שעשו שונא ליעקב, אלא שנכמרו רחמיו באותה שעה ונשקו בכל לבו:
וישקהו has dots above it. In the Sifrei we find a dispute about how to interpret [these dots]. Some say that the dots mean that he did not kiss him wholeheartedly. [However] Rabbi Shimon bar Yohai says, "It is a well-known halakha that Esau hates Jacob. Nevertheless, at that moment he became merciful and he kissed him wholeheartedly."
The phrase הלכה בידוע (it is a well-known halakha) is unusual. It appears nowhere else in classical rabbinic literature and it is unclear what is "halakhic" about it.
The Inevitability of Antisemitism: R. Moshe Feinstein
Whatever Rashi or the Sifrei meant by the phrase, in modern times, people cite it as proof of the inevitability and universality of antisemitism. Consider how the prominent American halakhic authority, Rabbi Moshe Feinstein (1895-1986) interpreted the phrase in the early 1970s, when he answered a halakhic question that he had received from England.
Jews in England claimed that the government was discriminating against Jewish private schools and underfunding them, compared to government funding for other private schools. The British Jewish community considered suing the British government at the European Court for Human Rights. One rabbi in England turned to Rabbi Feinstein for his opinion about launching such a suit.
Rabbi Feinstein wrote that, in general, he supported initiatives that could lead to more government support for Jewish education:
ודאי פשוט וברור שיש להשתדל אצל הממשלה שיתמכו בבתי ספר שהיהודים יסדו לעצמן.
Certainly it is obvious that one should lobby the government to support schools established by Jews for themselves.
But his attitude to suing the British government in a European court was different:
לתבוע למשפט אשר נמצא במדינה אחרת שגם ענגלאנד שייך להם ולבוא בקובלנא לפני השופטים על השרים של ענגלאנד אשר עושים עוולה נגד היהודים ודאי יש לחוש להטלת איבה מהממשלה להיהודים שזה אפשר שחס ושלום יביא לתוצאות לא טובות בהרבה … כי צריך לידע שהשנאה לישראל מכל האומות היא גדולה גם ממלכיות שנוהגין בטובה, וכבר אמרתי על הלשון שהביא רש"י בפירוש החומש… על קרא דוישקהו אמר רשב"י הלכה היא בידוע שעשו שונא ליעקב
But we must worry that suing the government at a court in another country with which England is associated, and complaining to the judges there that the ministers in England are harming the Jews is likely to cause hatred toward Jews on the part of the government. The result could be far worse than the original problem… For we have to realize that hatred of the Jews by all nations is actually great, even in the nations that behave well [toward Jews]. I have already explained concerning Rashi's language in his Torah commentary… on the word וישקהו: Rabbi Shimon bar Yohai says: "It is a well-known halakha that Esau hates Jacob."
דמה שייך זה להלכה, דהוא כמו שהלכה לא משתנית כך שנאת עשו ליעקב לא משתנית דאף אלו שנוהגות באופן טוב שנאתן גדולה בעצם
And why is the word halakha relevant here? It is because just as halakha never changes, so also Esau's hatred of Jacob never changes. Even in those [nations] that behave well [toward Jews], their hatred [of Jews] is actually strong. [8]
Other Examples of Esau Hates Jacob as Antisemitism
Rav Moshe Feinstein is not the only modern Jewish writer to see "Esau Hates Jacob" as expressing the inherent antisemitism of gentiles. In an article for Mishpacha magazine, R. Emanuel Feldman wrote
Two thousand years ago, our Sages declared prophetically: "Halachah hi: Eisav sonei es Yaakov," it is a universal law: Esau hates Jacob. This is one halachah that Esau maintains religiously.[9]
Even authors who are uncomfortable with the concept of an inherent antisemitism in gentiles struggle to interpret this statement in a different light.[10]
Does Esau Represent All Gentiles?
Is the interpretation of "Esau hates Jacob" as a guarantee for antisemitism correct or overstated? It seems to me that even if the word "Esau" is a code word for something else, it should be understood more specifically. For the second-century Rabbi Shimon bar Yohai it would be at most a code word for the Romans, with their often brutal occupation of the land of Israel.[11]
R. Shimon bar Yohai's Original Statement
Interpretations such as that of R. Feinstein find support in the phrase "it is a known halakha" found in the standard printing of the Sifrei and quoted by Rashi. Nevertheless, the preponderance of manuscripts of Sifrei Numbers do not have this phrase. Here is how the text reads in the new, excellent edition of Sifrei Numbers (69), edited by Professor Menachem Kahana of the Hebrew University:
…וישקהו [נקוד עליו][12] שלא נשקו בכל לבו ר' שמעון בן יוחיי אומר והלא בידוע שעשו שונא ליעקב אלא נהפכו רחמיו באותה שעה ונשקו בכל לבו.
Va-yishshaqehu [he kissed him] has dots above it [to teach us] that he [Esau] did not kiss him [Jacob] wholeheartedly. [However,] Rabbi Shimon bar Yohai says: "It is well-known that Esau hates Jacob. Nevertheless, at that moment he became merciful and he kissed him wholeheartedly."
Where other texts read הלכה בידוע, the best manuscripts read והלא ידוע, and considering the similarity in the Hebrew words, the former phrase could easily be a mistake.[13] In other words, Rabbi Shimon bar Yohai is not claiming that any "halakha" is connected to the hatred of Jews. Menachem Kahana, in his commentary on this passage, traces the reading "halakha" to a minority tradition in the manuscripts that reached France, leading Rashi to perpetuate this misreading.[14]
Esau Hates Jacob – It Means What It Says
So what was Rabbi Shimon bar Yohai really saying? He was not making a sweeping statement about Jews and gentiles but interpreting the biblical story of the two brothers, Jacob and Esau. If Esau had actually never calmed down from his anger of twenty years before, his kiss requires an explanation, and the dots call attention to this.
Some midrashim suggest that the kiss was actually an attempt to bite Jacob,[15] or some other form of duplicitous action.[16] Rabbi Shimon bar Yohai represents the more charitable understanding of Esau. The dots on the word tell us that he really did kiss his brother sincerely despite his well-known previous antipathy towards him.
Challenging the Idea of Universal Antisemitism
Given this, it does not make sense to say that Rabbi Shimon Bar Yohai's opening words about Esau's hatred are a statement about the inevitability of gentile hatred of Jews. It is unfortunate that this statement about the alleged halakha of antisemitism continues to be quoted so widely. Antisemitism has sadly not passed from the world and we Jews must remain vigilant. But the attitude that antisemitism is hiding under the surface everywhere, even in countries where Jews are treated well, cannot be found in Judaism's earliest writings, neither in the Bible nor in the Talmudic period.[17]
[1] Rashi's commentary on 32:9.
[2] Rashbam's commentary on 32:7, 32:8, 32:21, 32:23 and 32:29.; see the explanatory notes in my Rabbi Samuel ben Meir's Commentary on Genesis (Lewiston: Edwin Mellen, 1989) or my Peirush ha-Rashbam al ha-Torah (Jerusalem: Chorev, 2009). See also the discussion of this comment of Rashbam by Shmuel Klitsner, Wrestling Jacob: Deception, Identity, and Freudian Slips in Genesis (Jerusalem: Urim, 2006), p. 162f.
[3] On the significance of kisses in the story of Jacob, see Klitsner, pp. 103-104.
[4] See Halivni, Peshat and Derash: Plain and Applied Meaning in Rabbinic Exegesis (New York: Oxford University Press, 1991), pp. 138-146, and idem, Revelation Restored: Divine Writ and Critical Responses (Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, 1997), pp. 16-36. Halivni's theory is based on an opinion in Bemidbar Rabba 3:13. See also Menahem Kahana, Sifre on Numbers: An Annotated Edition, volume 4 (Jerusalem: Magnes, 2011), p. 474, note 95.
[5] See Emanuel Tov, Textual Criticism of the Hebrew Bible, 2nd revised edition (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 2001), pp. 55-57, and in much more detail in his Scribal Practices and Approaches Reflected in the Texts Found in the Judean Desert (Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah; Leiden: Brill, 2004).
[6] A manuscript of b Ketubbot 14b, which should read תנא קמא סבר. Picture taken from http://hasoferet.com/cbh/2011/11/21/more-about-dots/.
[7] Saul Lieberman, Greek in Jewish Palestine : Studies in the Life and Manners of Jewish Palestine in the II-IV centuries C. E (New York: Jewish Theological Seminary, 1942), p. 46. See also Menahem Kahana, Sifre on Numbers: An Annotated Edition, Commentary on Passages 59-106 (Jerusalem: Magnes, 2011), p. 474, n. 98.
[8] For another poseq who sees this subject the same way, see the former Sephardic chief rabbi of Israel, Rabbi Shlomo Amar,"הלכה בידוע עשו שונא ליעקב".
[9] See Emanuel Feldman, "The Halachah that Esav Observes," Mishpacha. See also Avigdor Bonchek's discussion on the Aish Hatorah website, Vayishlach, 2004.
[10] See, for example, Eugene Korn, "Does Esau always Hate Jacob?" CJCUC, 2015; Jonathan Sacks, "A People that Dwells Alone," RabbiSacks.org, 2015; Ronnie Serr, "Does Esau Still Hate Jacob?," AJRCA.edu, 2009.
[11] See e.g. M. D. Herr, "Edom," Encyclopedia Judaica, and Gerson Cohen, "Esau as Symbol in Early Medieval Thought," in Alexander Altman, ed., Jewish Medieval and Renaissance Studies (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1967), 19-48.
[12] These words are missing from MS Vatican 32, likely by mistake.
[13] See discussion in Kahana, p. 474, n. 96.
[15] E.g. Bereshit Rabba 78:9, p. 927 in the Theodor-Albeck edition and Midrash Sekhel Tov, Genesis 33:4.
[16] See the various midrashic sources mentioned by Kahana, ibid., pp. 474-475. Kahana also notes that the Church Father, Origen, interpreted the dots on the letters of וישקהו this way.
[17] After Talmudic times, we do find such an attitude, for instance in the famous line in the Haggadah that suggests that in every generation they rise up against us to destroy us. I am preparing a larger study of the issue of rabbinic attitudes to the hatred of Jews for a volume on antisemitism being edited by Kalman Weiser, Sol Goldberg and Scott Ury.
Professor Rabbi Marty Lockshin is University Professor Emeritus at York University and lives in Jerusalem. He received his Ph.D. in Near Eastern and Judaic Studies from Brandeis University and his rabbinic ordination in Israel while studying in Yeshivat Merkaz HaRav Kook. Among Lockshin's publications is his four-volume translation and annotation of Rashbam's commentary on the Torah.
Puncta Extraordinaria
R. Moshe Feinstein
Scribal Marks
Prof.Emanuel Tov
If Jacob Is Returning to Canaan, Why Send Messengers to Esau in Seir?
Dr.David Ben-Gad HaCohen
SawYouAtHoreb: Dating and Matchmaking
Project TABS Editors
The Book of Chronicles and the Ephraimites that Never Went to Egypt
Dr. RabbiDavid Frankel


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RSW Liège Basket
The club was founded in 1967 under the name of Fléron Basket Club. The club goes up in 2nd Provincial, then in 1st Provincial respectively in 1977 and 1981. In 1983 the club took a step which marked its history by entering division 4 and therefore evolving into a national division.
Thereafter, over the years, the club goes up divisions and finds itself in 1998 in division 2, that is to say a division of the professional championship. Fléron BC decides to merge in 2000 with other big clubs in the region, namely BC Hannut and Essor Hannut being on the other side of the province, the club relocates to the burning city and is then renamed Liège Basket. It was then that the club managed to climb to Division 1 thereafter.
Since 2000: The current club evolves in division1 and thus becomes professional. The first good results are not long in coming. In 2001, Liège Basket finished seventh, remained in the top flight and even reached the play-offs. The club will qualify for the Korać Cup.
2004 was a year to mark with a milestone for Liège Basket, since the club managed to finish third in the Belgian Championship but above all because the club was crowned winner of the Belgian Cup for the first time in its history. That same year, Belgacom Liège Basket also won its first Belgian Supercup to the detriment of Spirou Basket. Subsequently, the club had a few good seasons such as the 2009/2010 financial year, where Liège finished first in the regular season.
Since 2018 and in a somewhat complicated context, Liège has been trying to revive itself, to clear the debts of the past and to find a new dynamic, in particular with the training of young people and the desire to play with as many Belgian players as possible!
RSW Liège Basket Limited Launch Edition
By buying an NFT from the RSW Liège Basket Limited Launch Collection, not only will you support your favorite club, but also will you deepen your fan experience by finding and supporting new, upcoming talent. On top of this, you'll get access to those NFTs exclusive perks as for instance a Meet & Greet the team, a signed Liège jersey or even a 15min one-on-one meeting with your favorite player.
RSW Liège Basket Limited Launch Collection
#1/1 James Potier - Legendary
Price € 100,00
#1/1 Brieuc Lemaire - Legendary
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#1/1 Jarno Moons - Legendary
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#1/1 Ioann Iarochevitch - Legendary
#1/1 Bram Bogaerts - Legendary


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text:
ALSO IN THIS ISSUE
The Power of Music to Help Change the World (and Me!)
by Paul Wertico,
CCPA Associate Professor of Jazz
Wow — it's sometimes hard to fathom that the year 1968 was half a century ago and at a time when, comparatively speaking, life seemed relatively simple to life as we know it today.
Not that everything was "perfect" back then by any means, and it certainly was a time that had its own major problems and issues, but as a young man who loved and was deeply moved and motivated by music, it was also a time when music was going through new and exciting changes that reflected a changing world.
As an avid listener, I'd routinely hear songs on the radio that I liked (either by an artist I knew, or one who was new), and I'd eventually sing along with those songs pretty much whenever I heard them. The lyrics were sometimes audible and distinguishable, and other times only some of them were, in which case I made up the rest of the "lyrics" with whatever words or syllables I felt like singing. Although a song's sound, groove, harmony and melody were also important to me, singing along with the song was often so much fun that sometimes the "fun part" actually masked the song's intended meaning; or in certain cases, my life's experiences and worldly knowledge hadn't evolved yet to the point where I was able to truly decipher the actual meaning and message of the songs.
When I reflect now on what my life was like as a 15-year-old back in 1968, it makes me realize how much of those songs I actually "heard" and how much I actually "missed."
Growing up as a white teenager living in the predominantly white suburb of Cary, Illinois, my life was quite different from the various situations and living conditions described in the lyrics of certain songs I listened to. Even though the radio programmers were no doubt primarily interested in whatever songs would appeal to their station's listeners (and therefore bring in money and advertisers to those stations), knowingly or unknowingly, they also performed a service to the community and to young people like myself by spreading the word and enlightening listeners through certain songs' insightful and even profound lyrics that portrayed the outside world as a much bigger — and in many cases "badder" — place than my bedroom, my parent's car, or wherever a radio was playing.
"When I reflect now on what my life was like as a 15-year-old back in 1968, it makes me realize how much of those songs I actually 'heard' and how much I actually 'missed.'"
– Paul Wertico
Paul Wertico in 1968
In fact, throughout history, music has often served as an important source of information and as a type of "newspaper" to those who did not have a "voice" (e.g., early blues music and the communities they represented), as well as a way to reach out and get the word to those who may not be interested in, or have access to, reading, listening or watching traditional news media sources. It was through some of these songs that I began to grasp the fact that the world I lived in was relatively safe, and in many respects, privileged, compared to circumstances and living conditions experienced by people in other countries, cities, communities and cultures in the rest of the world.
Although a lot of the popular music of 1968 included love songs, light-listening novelty songs, and bubblegum Top 100 hits like John Fred & His Playboy Band's "Judy In Disguise"; The 1910 Fruitgum Company's "1,2,3 Red Light"; and The Ohio Express' "Yummy, Yummy, Yummy"; there were also deeper and more meaningful songs about changing the world, protesting an unjust war and demanding equal rights for minorities, such as James Brown's "Say It Loud – I'm Black and I'm Proud"; The Rascals' "People Got To Be Free"; and The Beatles' "Revolution." Those were the songs that really touched me and made me realize that, yes, the world was much bigger, and indeed sometimes "badder," than my comfortable little world in Cary.
It was also through listening to those types of songs which contained deeper meanings and messages that I began to want to explore who I was outside of my safe space and be part of a new and changing world (and even to help make it a better place, if possible). As a result, my listening habits, as well as those of a number of my friends, invariably expanded to music my parents didn't necessarily listen to, or in some cases, even like. The majority of those insightful and meaningful songs which contained an important message were often recorded either by young African Americans or by young white artists who did not look or act anything like the classic crooners of the big band days, and therefore were at odds with who and what many older white folks had grown up with.
"As I still strive to do my best to keep growing as a human being and live a responsible, yet creative life … I can honestly say that many of my life's views, goals and accomplishments have been a result of the music I listened to back then."
Although my parents were fortunately not bigots or racists by any means, all of their friends and neighbors were white, so black people were not in their immediate social circle. Add to that the fact that teenagers like myself were now growing long hair, wearing "hippie-style" clothes and questioning authority, and you had a potentially frightening scenario for many older and middle-aged white folks who were "used to what they were used to." That quickly changing world could oftentimes be quite upsetting to those "regular folks" in its general unfamiliarity and basic "otherness." (Unfortunately, some things are slow to change over time, even with the help of music!)
Fast-forward 50 years later, as I still strive to do my best to keep growing as a human being and live a responsible, yet creative life (while also now sharing the planet with twice the number of people and countless things that didn't even exist in 1968), and I can honestly say that many of my life's views, goals and accomplishments have been a result of the music I listened to back then (and not just from 1968, but from the mid-to-late 1960s in general). In so many respects, that music made me the musician I am, the husband and father I am, and the teacher I am. Even to this day, when I listen to some of those songs, I can examine and reflect on who I was back then, and who I am now, by what those songs meant and mean to me, and how the deeper messages of those songs have revealed themselves and influenced me over time as I've lived 50 more years of my life on this planet.
Paul Wertico, CCPA Associate Professor of Jazz
Consequently, even as a 65-year-old musician, I still love making music that pushes boundaries and challenges norms (and hopefully inspires my audience to grow by listening to it), and that has been inspired by a vast array of songs, artists and musical styles from races, cultures, ethnicities and events around the globe. As a husband and father, I'm committed to always giving my wife and daughter love, respect, freedom and support. And as a teacher, I've designed classes at Roosevelt, such as Exploring the Blues, Rock Music — Its Role In Society, and Social Justice Through Sound, in the desire to give my students a more enlightened background on how music through the decades has made an enormous and crucial impact on our culture. Thus, I can give them an insightful and more in-depth picture of what really goes into a song besides just its sound, popularity, and how the artists are presented and marketed. (By the way, I also still have long hair, prefer to dress casually, and am against unjust wars and policies, so like I said, some things are slow to change!)
Therefore, it is in fact true that life is a journey and music is indeed the soundtrack of our lives, but one whose meanings can continue to change and evolve over time as we ourselves change and (hopefully) evolve. I believe that is one of the greatest reasons why music truly is magic and an art form crucial in serving humanity.
Student Essay – 1968 and the Democratic National Convention
The reverberations of the 1968 Chicago riots and political upheaval of the Democratic National Convention can be felt to this day, according to Aaron William Tyler.
Shining a light on the alumni who have provided scholarship support to students pursuing study in science, technology, engineering and mathematics.
Alumni Essay – Phyllis Cavallone-Jurek
The principal of St. Therese Chinese Catholic School addresses the growing need for effective teacher preparation programs in today's schools.


text:
How Eerie Sea Ice 'Brinicles' Form
By Douglas Main 26 April 2013
A brinicle.
(Image: © Escribano et al)
What's cooler than being cool? Brine-cold.
When salt-rich water leaks out of sea ice, it sinks into the sea and can occasionally create an eerie finger of ice called a brinicle. New research explains how these strange fingers of ice form and how the salty water within sea ice could have been a prime environment in which life may have evolved.
The study, published in the American Chemical Society's journal Langmuir, suggests that brinicles form in the same way as hydrothermal vents, except in reverse. Hydrothermal vents are spiny-looking towers on the ocean bottom where boiling, chemical-rich water flows out of the seafloor.
The brinicle-forming process goes like this: When sea ice freezes in the Arctic and Antarctic, the salt and other ions in the water is excluded from the water crystals, said study author Bruno Escribano, a researcher at the Basque Center for Applied Mathematics in the Basque Country in northern Spain. This salt-heavy brine accumulates in fractures and compartments within the sea ice.
Inevitably, however, sea ice cracks, and the brine leaks out. The brine itself is colder than the freezing point of seawater, since salt-rich water freezes at lower temperatures (hence the reason people put salt on icy sidewalks in the winter, enabling the ice to remain a liquid when it's below freezing), Escribano told OurAmazingPlanet.
Since the concentration of water in the brine is lower than that in the ocean — and water moves from high to low concentrations, via osmosis — water is attracted to the brine. But the brine is so cold that the water freezes, forming a descending tube of ice, Escribano said.
Hydrothermal vents form by an analogous method: Ion-rich hot water is expelled from the seafloor and then begins to dissolve, forming a porous shell of metal extending upward. Water then rushes in, moving from high to low concentration, rupturing the membrane and causing more metal-rich water to spurt out, extending the tube and repeating the process.
Both are examples of "chemical gardens," a type of chemical process and the name of an experiment common in chemistry sets that operates along the same principles and forms tubes of crystals that make plant-like shapes, Escribano said.
Brine-rich compartments within sea ice have some properties that could have helped life originate, Escribano said. "Inside these compartments inside the ice, you have a high concentration of chemical compounds, and you also have lipids, fats, that coat the inside of the compartment," he said. "These can act as a primitive membrane — one of the conditions necessary for life." They also contain a mixture of acidic and basic components that could provide energy necessary to form more complex molecules, perhaps even DNA, he said.
Email Douglas Main or follow him @Douglas_Main. Follow us @OAPlanet, Facebook or Google+. Original article on LiveScience's OurAmazingPlanet.


In response to ASA Caucus on Academic and Community Activism's proposed resolution to boycott Israeli Academic Institutions, pro-Israel academics within the ASA published this list of FAQs explaining the downsides of adopting a boycott. Reasons include the threat this boycott poses to academic freedom, and how it would make academic freedom politically based, i.e. not free at all. The FAQs also states the importance of separating geopolitical issues with academic ones. Israeli universities and academics are not responsible for the actions of the Israeli government concerning the Israeli/Palestinian conflict, with many universities offering inclusive programs that benefit Israelis and Arabs. Furthermore, the FAQs argues that it is not the place of the ASA to take stands on this political issue, as it will affect both faculty members and students that come from many different backgrounds.
The American Association of University Professors opposes the academic boycott of Israel, as it denies people their academic freedom. The AAUP calls on the members American Studies Association to vocalize their opposition to the boycott. They also clearly state that no scholar should have to participate in any kind of boycott or protest that goes against their own personal beliefs. The letter to the American Studies Association also states that political views should not be grounds for whether or not a certain state can be an active participant in the academic community.
Signatories on this letter to other members of the American Studies Association explain why they are opposed to an academic boycott of any kind, including one of the academic institutions of Israel. They feel that a boycott will jeopardize academic freedom, a fundamental principle of academia. Signed members state that they are highly opposed to discrimination based on national origin. They believe that Israeli academics should not be held responsible for the actions of the government of Israel. A boycott of Israeli academic institutions disables the option for an open dialogue between Israelis and Palestinians. When academics are targeted for their nationality, academic freedom everywhere is threatened.
Eight former presidents of the Academic Studies Association have penned a letter in which they call for members to reject the resolution for a boycott of Israeli Academic Institutions. The call to boycott is expressed as a dangerous precedent for boycotting institutions based on nationality and the governments of that particular nation. The signatories stress how this boycott would be harmful to the ASA, and how there are much more engaging ways to discuss the complicated Israeli/Palestinian conflict.


text:
Women Raises $39,000 For Homeless Man; Arrests in Plymouth Car Stabbing; Meek Mill Free Turkeys
A New Jersey woman has helped raise over $39,000 for a homeless man in Philadelphia who bought her gas with his last $20. Last month, Katie McClure of Florence Township ran out of gas on I-95 on her way into the city to visit a friend. "Johnny" saw her predicament and told her to stay in the car. He brought back a can of gas he purchased with his money so that Katie could be on her way. She didn't have any cash and was determined to repay him. She started by giving him the money as well... Read More
Suspect in Custody After Newark Standoff; Body Found in Plymouth Shopping Center, 1 in Custody
A suspect is now in custody after a police standoff this afternoon in Newark, DE. New Castle County police were called to a home on the unit block Lawrence Avenue to perform a welfare check around 1 p.m. When officers arrived, a shot was fired at them from inside the home. They immediately called for backup. Route 2 (Kirkwood Highway) was closed as well as area daycares and the Newark Farmer's Market. Police were able to get the man out of the house and place him into custody after 3... Read More
Four Missing From West Chester Fire; Upper Merion Officers Cleared KOP Shooting; Kutztown Shooting
Chester County District Attorney Tom Hogan announced today that four people remain unaccounted for following Thursday's massive fire at the Barclay Friends Senior Living Community in West Chester. He said that those four are presumed dead. There were 137 residents and 15 staff members inside the facility when it went up in flames around 10:30 p.m. Thursday night. 27 were injured and taken to the hospital. The rest of the elderly residents were evacuated to nearby temporary shelters,... Read More
Man Shot While Driving in West Philly; Donations for Barclay Friends Center; Philadelphia Marathon
A man was shot and killed while driving in West Philadelphia on Saturday night and crashed his mini-van into a building. It happened around 6 p.m. on the 600 block of North 52nd Street. The 29-year-old male driver was shot in the chest/right side. He was taken to Penn Presbyterian Medical Center where he died from his injuries. The man was driving a mini-van wrapped with advertising for the Bee Your Hair Salon located on the 600 block of South 52nd Street. He actually crashed the vehicle... Read More
27 Injured in West Chester Fire; Arrest in House Sitter's Murder; South Street Police Vandalized
At least 27 people were injured when a senior living facility went up in flames last night in West Chester, although investigators are still trying to account for everyone. It happened around 11 p.m. at the Barclay Friends Senior Living Community on the 700 block of North Franklin Street. The massive fire shot flames through the roof and windows. It was officially brought under control shortly before 1:30 a.m. but firefighters were dousing hot spots Friday. Over 100 people, residents and... Read More
Mistrial For Sen. Bob Menendez; NJ Teen Escapee Captured; Tom Ridge Has Emergency Heart Surgery
A mistrial has been declared in the corruption case against New Jersey Senator Robert Menendez after jurors remained deadlocked on all charges after more than six full days of deliberations. U.S. District Judge Williams Walls declared the mistrial on Thursday after jurors said there were unable to reach a unanimous decision. Deliberations were restarted on Monday when one juror was replaced with an alternate. Prosecutors had accused Menendez of taking bribes from co-defendant, Florida... Read More
NJ Teen Escapees Caught, 1 Still At Large; Brothers in Court; Christmas Village Returns to LOVE Park
New Jersey police have captured 3 of 4 teenagers who escaped from a juvenile detention center overnight. It started at the Harborfields Youth Detention Facility in Egg Harbor City around 12:30 a.m. Wednesday. The four teens overpowered a guard and stole his keys. They fled in his vehicle and eventually crashed it. The Atlantic County sheriff said that they had 100 officers and 26 K-9 units searching including a state police helicopter. School districts were closed on Wednesday morning... Read More
Applebees Shooting in Lawrenceville, NJ; Delco Doctor Arrested Indecent Assault; Woman Killed on Rt1
Police are investigating after a man was shot and killed inside an Applebees in Lawrenceville, Mercer County early Tuesday morning. It happened just before 12:30 a.m. at the restaurant at 3330 Brunswick Pike (Rt 1). The restaurant and bar is usually open until 1 a.m. The Mercer County Prosecutor's Office says that the victim, a man in his 20's, was sitting at the bar. The suspect walked into the restaurant, shot the man in the head, and left. He fled north on Rt 1 in a black SUV. The... Read More
New Charges Against Penn State Frat; Free Meek Mill Rally in Philly; Robbers Caught Stopping for Gas
New charges have been filed against members of a Penn State fraternity in the death of pledge Timothy Piazza after security footage from inside the fraternity house that had been deleted was recovered by investigators. The charges ranging from manslaughter to hazing. 12 new students have been charged. 5 of the 14 students previously charged are facing new charges. The house of the now closed Beta Theta Pi fraternity had an extensive security camera system. Investigators sent the system... Read More
Michigan Man Arrested Stalking Radnor Teen; Police Shoot Man w/ Knife; Ambush at Gas Station
Police in Radnor Township, Delaware Township have arrested a Michigan man for stalking a local teenage social media star. 30-year-old Michael Leib of Plymouth City, MI, has been charged with multiple counts of stalking and harassment of 18-year-old James Neese. Leib contacted the high school senior several times and expressed a desire to meet. On October 25th, Leib drove from Michigan to the teen's home in Wayne. He knocked on the door and introduced himself as a friend named "Michael... Read More


text:
Movies for Grownups Weekend Update: Dec. 6
By Bill Newcott , December 05, 2013 05:38 PM
Just one bona fide grownup movie opening this weekend, but it's a doozey: The return of the Coen Brothers and their favorite cameo star, John Goodman.
Filmmaker brothers Joel and Ethan Coen made their name as outrageous geniuses ( Raising Arizona; O, Brother Where Art Thou?; No Country for Old Men), but this time they've dampened their quirky tendencies-and created what may be their most balanced movie ever. Inside Llewyn Davis is a fond look at the early 1960s Greenwich Villlage folk music scene-a moment or two before Bob Dylan turned up and changed everything with his blend of folk and rock. Oscar Isaac is irresistibly mopey as the title character, a struggling folkie for whom suffering is an end to itself. But the real treat comes about halfway through, when Llewlyn hitches a ride to Chicago with a blustery, bloated blues musician played with great aplomb by John Goodman.
Still Out There . . .
Chiwetel Ejiofor as a free black man kidnapped and sold into slavery leads a powerful cast. Movies from Roots to Django Unchained have shown us the evils of slavery; 12 Years a Slave makes us feel the lash. FULL REVIEW
We'd watch the delightfully quirky Bill Nighy ( The Best Exotic Marigold Hotel) if he were handing out food samples at Costco. Here he has to tell his son (Domhnall Gleeson)that the men in the family can travel through time. With Nighy on board, what starts out as a silly rom-com blossoms into a tall tale with some very grownup lessons. FULL REVIEW
Robert Redford has been a movie star for so long it's easy to forget he's also a great screen actor. Here it's all Redford, all the time, wordlessly battling the elements as a lone sailor on an endless sea. He may well win his first acting Oscar for this one. FULL REVIEW
Geoffrey Rush ( The King's Speech) and Emilly Watson ( War Horse) play the foster parents of a spunky young girl (Sophie Nelisse) who develops a passionate love for books during the dark days of Nazi Germany. The era's oppressive atmosphere fills the screen like smoke. But it is Rush, in perhaps the most tender performance of his career as the kind-hearted housepainter, who gives this movie its soul. FULL REVIEW
Tom Hanks gives his best performance in years as the captain of a cargo ship overrun by Somali pirates-but the real revelation is Somali actor Barkhad Abdi. He stands toe-to-toe with Oscar-winner Hanks, who generously allows his unknown costar to unfold a complex, surprisingly vulnerable character. FULL REVIEW
At the height of the 1980s AIDS epidemic, a tough heterosexual Texas electrician (Matthew McConaughey) gets the dread diagnosis - then sets up a lucrative business smuggling alternative anti-AIDS drugs into the state. McConaughey, who has been rising from beefcake idol to accomplished actor, may nab his first Oscar nomination for his compelling performance.
Dear Mr. Watterson
It's been nearly 20 years since Bill Watterson stopped drawing Calvin and Hobbes, and although the reclusive cartoonist is nowhere to be seen in this documentary, his presence is felt in the passion of the fans-readers and fellow artists alike-who remain devoted to his work.
We'll never forget the late James Gandolfini as the conflicted mobster of The Sopranos, but in this romantic comedy he's positively cuddly. Julia Louis-Dreyfus plays a woman who discovers that the man of her dreams (Gandolfini) is the ex-hubby of her new close friend.
By now the animation wizards at Disney have this spunky-young-woman-defeats-evil thing down pat, but the real reason to duck into this film is the cartoon short that precedes it. Get a Horse! is a hand-drawn Mickey Mouse cartoon done in the early Disney style circa Steamboat Willie. Director Dorothy McKim even uses archival recordings of Walt Disney himself providing the voice of the world's favorite rodent.
Stars Sandra Bullock and George Clooney are fine and the film's visual re-creation of a space voyage is breathtaking (especially in 3-D), but cowriter/director Alfonso Cuaron should have launched with a decent script. FULL REVIEW
Part two in the series based on a kidlit classic. If you're not a fan of the book series, you might enjoy Woody Harrelson, Stanley Tucci (with purple hair!), Donald Sutherland, and Toby Jones as assorted good guys and villains.
Mandela: Long Walk to Freedom
In any other year, Idris Elba's towering performance as Nelson Mandela would land him on anyone's Best Actor Oscar shortlist. Alas, the dance card is probably already full this time around, but that's no reason to miss Elba tracing the life of the South African legend from young adulthood through his 27-year imprisonment. Naomie Harris is at times chillingly intense as his wife Winnie, and director Justin Chadwick ( The First Grader) continues his love affair with inspiring, true African stories.
In a career-defining performance, Bruce Dern is a slightly befuddled fellow who's convinced he's won $1 million in a sweepstakes. Will Forte is the good son who offers to drive him from Montana to Nebraska to claim the dubious prize. Amazing performances all around, directed by Alexander Payne ( The Descendants, About Schmidt). FULL REVIEW
Josh Brolin stars as a businessman who was kidnapped and held in solitary confinement for 20 years...and is suddenly freed. Part of the mystery is, of course, who abducted him. More intriguing: Why did they let him go? Director Spike Lee provides answers aplenty in 104 blood-soaked minutes. Based on a 2003 Korean action flick.
In a season of extraordinary acting accomplishments, Judi Dench gives the performance of a lifetime as the title character, a woman seeking the son she gave up as a child. Steve Coogan, who also wrote the film's moving and disarmingly funny script, costars as the investigative reporter who helps unravel the tangle of deceit and corruption that very nearly choked off the truth behind Philomena's quest. Based on a true story. FULL REVIEW
'Inside Llewyn Davis' is wonderfully offbeat
10 must-have wardrobe items for women at 50+
Questions about the Affordable Care Act? Get your answers here.
Bob Dylan EFG Inside Llewyn Davis Coen Brothers John Goodman


text:
<?php

  namespace osCommerce\OM\Core\Site\Admin\Application\Login;

  class Login extends \osCommerce\OM\Core\ApplicationModelAbstract { }
?>


Well, this was a hit with my kids! They gobbled them up for afternoon tea. It's a slightly different take on Frozen Yoghurt Bites I've made before.
The good thing is you can make a batch of these delicious almost-icecreams and store them in the freezer for whenever.
1. Thread blueberries on to the kebab stick.
2. Place on a plate and lather with yoghurt. Rolling the blueberries into the yoghurt works well.
3. Line a freezer safe container (large encourage to fit the length of a kebab) with baking paper. Lay each kebab down, allowing enough space in-between so they don't get stuck.
4. Freeze for at least a couple of hours.
5. Eat immediately when removed from freezer.
Another delicious idea is to coat blueberries in yoghurt, plop in a baking paper lined (freezer-safe) plastic container and freeze. They are yummy to snack on right from the freezer, or add to fruit salad.
I'm putting together a little round-up of after-school snack ideas and I would love to include these kabobs! Would it be okay if I share your images on thenaptimereviewer.com, giving full credit to your site, of course?
Do you use sweetened Greek yogurt, or just plain?
You can use whatever you like. I used vanilla.


text:
=head1 NAME

load_alternative_assembly.pl - create a db for transfering annotation to the
Ensembl assembly

=head1 SYNOPSIS

load_alternative_assembly.pl [arguments]

Required arguments:

    --dbname, db_name=NAME              database name NAME
    --host, --dbhost, --db_host=HOST    database host HOST
    --port, --dbport, --db_port=PORT    database port PORT
    --user, --dbuser, --db_user=USER    database username USER
    --pass, --dbpass, --db_pass=PASS    database passwort PASS
    --assembly=ASSEMBLY                 assembly version ASSEMBLY

    --altdbname=NAME                    alternative database NAME
    --altassembly=ASSEMBLY              alternative assembly version ASSEMBLY
    --coord_systems, --cs=CS            coord_systems to load (default: all
                                        toplevel)

Optional arguments:

    --conffile, --conf=FILE             read parameters from FILE
                                        (default: conf/Conversion.ini)

    --logfile, --log=FILE               log to FILE (default: *STDOUT)
    --logpath=PATH                      write logfile to PATH (default: .)
    --logappend, --log_append           append to logfile (default: truncate)

    -v, --verbose=0|1                   verbose logging (default: false)
    -i, --interactive=0|1               run script interactively (default: true)
    -n, --dry_run, --dry=0|1            dont write results to database
    -h, --help, -?                      print help (this message)

=head1 DESCRIPTION

This script is part of a series of scripts to create a mapping between two
assemblies. It assembles the toplevel coordinate systems of two different
assemblies of a genome by creating a whole genome alignment between the two.

The process assumes that the two assemblies are reasonably similar, i.e. there
are no major rearrangements or clones moved from one toplevel seq_region to
another.

See "Related files" below for an overview of the whole process.

This particular script loads the alternative toplevel seq_regions into the
Ensembl database for further processing.

=head1 RELATED FILES

The whole process of creating a whole genome alignment between two assemblies
is done by a series of scripts. Please see

  ensembl/misc-scripts/assembly/README

for a high-level description of this process, and POD in the individual scripts
for the details.

=head1 AUTHOR

Patrick Meidl <meidl@ebi.ac.uk>, Ensembl core API team

=head1 CONTACT

Please post comments/questions to the Ensembl development list
<http://lists.ensembl.org/mailman/listinfo/dev>

=cut

use strict;
use warnings;
no warnings 'uninitialized';

use Getopt::Long;
use Pod::Usage;
use Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::ConversionSupport;
use Cwd;

$| = 1;

my $path = getcwd;

my $support = new Bio::EnsEMBL::Utils::ConversionSupport($path);

# parse options
$support->parse_common_options(@_);
$support->parse_extra_options(
    'assembly=s',
    'altdbname=s',
    'altassembly=s',
    'coord_systems|cs=s',
);
$support->allowed_params(
    $support->get_common_params,
    'assembly',
    'altdbname',
    'altassembly',
    'coord_systems',
);

if ($support->param('help') or $support->error) {
    warn $support->error if $support->error;
    pod2usage(1);
}

$support->comma_to_list('coord_systems');

# ask user to confirm parameters to proceed
$support->confirm_params;

# get log filehandle and print heading and parameters to logfile
$support->init_log;

$support->check_required_params(
  'assembly',
  'altdbname',
  'altassembly'
);

if ($support->param('dry_run')) {
  $support->log("Nothing to do for a dry run. Exiting.\n\n");
  $support->finish_log;
  exit;
}

#####
# connect to database and get adaptors
#
my ($dba, $dbh, $sql, $sth);

# first set connection parameters for alternative db
# both databases have to be on the same host, so we don't need to configure
# them separately
map { $support->param("alt$_", $support->param($_)) } qw(host port user pass);

# reference database
$dba->{'ref'} = $support->get_database('ensembl');
$dbh->{'ref'} = $dba->{'ref'}->dbc->db_handle;

# database containing the alternative assembly
$dba->{'alt'} = $support->get_database('core', 'alt');
$dbh->{'alt'} = $dba->{'alt'}->dbc->db_handle;

#####
# create backups of the tables that will be modified
#
$support->log_stamped("Creating table backups...\n");
$support->log_stamped("seq_region...\n", 1);
$dbh->{'ref'}->do('CREATE TABLE seq_region_bak LIKE seq_region');
$dbh->{'ref'}->do('INSERT INTO seq_region_bak SELECT * FROM seq_region');
$support->log_stamped("seq_region_attrib...\n", 1);
$dbh->{'ref'}->do('CREATE TABLE seq_region_attrib_bak LIKE seq_region_attrib');
$dbh->{'ref'}->do('INSERT INTO seq_region_attrib_bak SELECT * FROM seq_region_attrib');
$support->log_stamped("assembly...\n", 1);
$dbh->{'ref'}->do('CREATE TABLE assembly_bak LIKE assembly');
$dbh->{'ref'}->do('INSERT INTO assembly_bak SELECT * FROM assembly');
$support->log_stamped("meta...\n", 1);
$dbh->{'ref'}->do('CREATE TABLE meta_bak LIKE meta');
$dbh->{'ref'}->do('INSERT INTO meta_bak SELECT * FROM meta');
$support->log_stamped("coord_system...\n", 1);
$dbh->{'ref'}->do('CREATE TABLE coord_system_bak LIKE coord_system');
$dbh->{'ref'}->do('INSERT INTO coord_system_bak SELECT * FROM coord_system');
$support->log_stamped("Done.\n\n");

#####
# load seq_regions from alternative assembly db
#
$support->log_stamped("Load seq_regions from alternative db...\n");

# determine which coord_systems we want to include
# by default, all coord_systems with toplevel seq_regions will be used
my @coord_systems = $support->param('coord_systems');

unless (@coord_systems) {
  # get toplevel coord_systems from both dbs
  my %common_cs = ();

  my $sql = qq(
    SELECT distinct(cs.name)
    FROM seq_region sr, coord_system cs, seq_region_attrib sra, attrib_type at
    WHERE sr.coord_system_id = cs.coord_system_id
    AND sr.seq_region_id = sra.seq_region_id
    AND sra.attrib_type_id = at.attrib_type_id
    AND at.code = 'toplevel'
  );

  # ref
  $sth = $dbh->{'ref'}->prepare($sql);
  $sth->execute;
  while (my ($cs) = $sth->fetchrow_array) {
    $common_cs{$cs}++;
  }
  $sth->finish;

  # alt
  $sth = $dbh->{'alt'}->prepare($sql);
  $sth->execute;
  while (my ($cs) = $sth->fetchrow_array) {
    $common_cs{$cs}++;
  }
  $sth->finish;

  # now determine the common ones
  foreach my $cs (sort keys %common_cs) {
    push @coord_systems, $cs if ($common_cs{$cs} > 1);
  }
}

unless (@coord_systems) {
  $support->error("No common toplevel coord_systems found.\n");
}

my $cs_string = join("', '", @coord_systems);
$cs_string = "'$cs_string'";
$support->log("Will use these coord_systems: $cs_string\n", 1);

# determine max(seq_region_id) and max(coord_system_id) in Ensembl
$sql = qq(SELECT MAX(seq_region_id) FROM seq_region);
$sth = $dbh->{'ref'}->prepare($sql);
$sth->execute;
my ($max_sri) = $sth->fetchrow_array;
my $sri_adjust = 1+$max_sri;

$sql = qq(SELECT MAX(coord_system_id) FROM coord_system);
$sth = $dbh->{'ref'}->prepare($sql);
$sth->execute;
my ($max_csi) = $sth->fetchrow_array;
my $csi_adjust = 10**(length($max_csi));

my $ref_db = $support->param('dbname');
my $alt_assembly = $support->param('altassembly');

# fetch and insert alternative seq_regions with adjusted seq_region_id and
# coord_system_id
$sql = qq(
    INSERT IGNORE INTO $ref_db.seq_region
    SELECT
        sr.seq_region_id+$sri_adjust,
        sr.name,
        sr.coord_system_id+$csi_adjust,
        sr.length
    FROM seq_region sr, coord_system cs, seq_region_attrib sra, attrib_type at
    WHERE sr.coord_system_id = cs.coord_system_id
    AND sr.seq_region_id = sra.seq_region_id
    AND sra.attrib_type_id = at.attrib_type_id
    AND at.code = 'toplevel'
    AND cs.name IN ($cs_string)
    AND cs.version = '$alt_assembly'
);
my $c = $dbh->{'alt'}->do($sql);
$support->log_stamped("Done loading $c seq_regions.\n\n");

## Add in any codon table attributes as HCs complain otherwise
$sql = qq(
    INSERT IGNORE INTO $ref_db.seq_region_attrib
    SELECT
        sr.seq_region_id+$sri_adjust,
        codon_at.attrib_type_id,
        codon_sra.value
    FROM seq_region sr, coord_system cs, seq_region_attrib sra, attrib_type at, seq_region_attrib codon_sra, attrib_type codon_at
    WHERE sr.coord_system_id = cs.coord_system_id
    AND sr.seq_region_id = sra.seq_region_id
    AND sra.attrib_type_id = at.attrib_type_id
    AND sr.seq_region_id = codon_sra.seq_region_id
    AND codon_sra.attrib_type_id = codon_at.attrib_type_id
    AND at.code = 'toplevel'
    AND cs.name IN ($cs_string)
    AND cs.version = '$alt_assembly'
    AND codon_at.code = 'codon_table';
);
$c = 0;
$c = $dbh->{'alt'}->do($sql);
$support->log_stamped("Done loading $c seq_region codon_table attributes.\n\n");

#####
# add appropriate entries to coord_system
#
$support->log_stamped("Adding coord_system entries...\n");
$c = 0;
foreach my $cs (@coord_systems) {
  $sql = qq(
      INSERT IGNORE INTO $ref_db.coord_system
      SELECT coord_system_id+$csi_adjust, 1,name, version,
        (SELECT MAX(rank)+1 FROM $ref_db.coord_system), ''
      FROM coord_system
      WHERE name = '$cs'
      AND version = '$alt_assembly'
  );
  $c += $dbh->{'alt'}->do($sql);
}
$support->log_stamped("Done adding $c coord_system entries.\n\n");

#####
# add assembly.mapping to meta table
#
$support->log_stamped("Adding assembly.mapping entry to meta table...\n");
$c = 0;
foreach my $cs (@coord_systems) {
  my $mappingstring = "$cs:".$support->param('assembly').
      "#$cs:".$support->param('altassembly');
  $sql = qq(
      INSERT IGNORE INTO meta (meta_key, meta_value)
      VALUES ('assembly.mapping', '$mappingstring')
  );
  $c += $dbh->{'ref'}->do($sql);
}
$support->log_stamped("Done inserting $c meta entries.\n\n");

# finish logfile
$support->finish_log;


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Data shows that the equity gap begins early and persists throughout a child's life. The overall portion of children who are not kinder ready is nearly identical to the percentage of children who are not reading at grade level in 3rd grade. If children do not get a strong start, it is extremely difficult for them to catch up.
While more students are meeting or exceeding standards in language arts year over year in every demographic category, the disparities are significant. Hispanic and African American children, and English learners, lag far behind their Asian and White peers. Poverty, which includes children of all races, is also a major roadblock to academic success.
87% of our County's children are students of color; the disparities by ethnicity and poverty will affect our future.


text:
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Market development (12)
dena.de (5)
Project development (4)
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23/09/19 Press Release Artificial intelligence in the energy system can contribute to security of supply and identify cyberattacks early on dena analysis describes nine fields of application for AI in
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Sixth Extinction Proves Slower at Sea
There is time to slow the impacts of industrial fishing on sea life
By Brittany Patterson, ClimateWire on January 16, 2015
When we consider the state of wildlife on the planet, the general consensus is that humanity hasn't had the best track record with species extinctions.
Over the past 500 years, approximately 500 land-based species have gone extinct because of human actions, but compare that with the ocean and things look much better—scientists have only counted 15 extinctions under the sea.
A new paper published in the journal Science examines the past, present and future of marine wildlife and asserts that ocean animal populations are as healthy as their land kin were hundreds, if not thousands, of years ago, before major ecological damage took place.
"We wanted to know how the health of wildlife on land matches up to the health of wildlife in the oceans," said Douglas McCauley, a lead author of the paper and professor of ecology, evolution and marine biology at the University of California, Santa Barbara. "What we see when we line up the amount of impact we've had is the oceans are in good shape if you compare them to how badly we've trashed wildlife on land."
But as the ocean becomes increasingly industrialized, the authors say the next 100 years might make the situation underwater as grim as it is up top.
History has been kinder to ocean wildlife
The researchers synthesized data from a number of studies to compare the industrial revolution on land with current patterns of human use of the oceans.
Thousands of years ago humans began hunting animals with simple tools—think spears and mammoths, McCauley said. Then, we began using more sophisticated tools such as nets and bows and arrows. Then, we traded those in for shotguns, while also affecting wildlife indirectly though habitat degradation—building cities and factories, clearing forests and other natural habitats to do it.
McCauley said if we take that narrative and see how it's unfolding under the oceans, a lot of the early part of the narrative is already at play, but it's only within the last 50 years, relatively much later in the process, that humans have begun using more industrial tools to catch sea animals.
"Now we're seeing 700-foot trawlers and finding fish with satellites," he said. "We've put all of our technology into our tackle box, and that has really upped the ante on the impacts we're having on ocean wildlife."
When the researchers plotted the rates of change in the oceans and compared them with what we already know from land, they found that society is at the precipice of the marine industrial revolution.
"In a lot of ways, this research is like realizing that climate change is taking place around us 75 years ago," McCauley said. "We really could have done something had we figured it out ahead of time, but with the oceans we still have that chance."
Existential crisis may loom in the future
The authors emphasize that the relative health of the oceans means we can still make a difference.
Creating more marine-protected areas, managing fishing efforts and regulating the industrial uses of the ocean are all steps we can take, said Stephen Palumbi, director of Hopkins Marine Station and professor at Stanford University.
Climate change, however, is a dark cloud hanging over both land and ocean ecosystems, added Palumbi, a co-author of the paper.
"All the marine protected areas in the world aren't going to save the oceans if we don't get off our current emissions curve," he said. "That I think is an existential crisis that the ocean is going to face. We're not there yet, but we will be."
McCauley sees the message from this paper as one of both warning and hope. Still, time is of the essence.
"On a number of fronts, the damage in the ocean isn't so severe that we can't initiate recovery," he said. "With 15 bricks missing from the foundation of life in the oceans, it remains relatively easy for you or I to get out there with a trowel and some cement and shore things back up. When entire sections of this foundation go missing, this becomes a major construction job."
Reprinted from Climatewire with permission from Environment & Energy Publishing, LLC. www.eenews.net, 202-628-6500
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Elliot, Noel Montgomery, ed. The Western Canadians, 1600-1900: An Alphabetized Directory of the People, Places, and Vital Dates. Three Volumes. Toronto, Ontario: Genealogical Research Library, 1994. (Family History Library book 971 D22w.) Indexes about 300,000 names from various sources for the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Northwest Territories, Saskatchewan, and Yukon (also includes Alaska). Sources are listed at the end of each volume.
This page was last modified on 13 June 2017, at 17:06.


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Two-time defending champion Rafael Nadal defeated Roger Federer in a rematch of the previous year's final, 6–4, 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 2007 Monte Carlo Masters. He did not lose a single set in the entire tournament.

Seeds
The top eight seeds received a bye into the second round.

Draw

Finals

Section 1

Section 2

Section 3

Section 4

External links
 Singles draw
 Singles qualification draw

Singles