text:
GUIDE TO VULCI
Vulci is an ancient Etruscan city located near the modern town Canino, which is in the northern part of Tuscia known as Viterbo.
Sure it's not technically in the Maremma or even Tuscany, but it's a very short drive from Manciano and I really couldn't justify leaving it out. Most of the locals can't really agree on where Tuscany ends and Lazio begins anyway!
Amazingly, Vulci has been abandoned since the Etruscans and Romans left it in around the 8th century BC. Now a very protected piece of Italian history, the land is a open-air museum that stretches across acres and acres of lush green fields.
When you visit Vulci you are visiting an Etruscan city, complete with houses, monuments, statues, meeting halls, public bathes and necropolises. There are few places in the world where you can visit an almost entirely intact ancient city like Vulci. Think of it as the Machu Picchu of Italy.
And it isn't just a bunch of rubble either. Italian archeologists have spent the last decades restoring this breathtakingly ancient city and many of its buildings are beautifully conserved right down to their still visible and vibrantly coloured terracotta tiles.
During the age of the Etruscans and Romans, Vulci was essentially a city for the rich and famous. It was a cultural hub and a place for commerce and trade, thanks to its vicinity to the sea and easily defensible position in the hills.
This means that the houses were bigger and better built. They were covered in stunning frescoes and some even had their own inner courtyards. The burial tombs are also bigger and more elaborate, divided into a series of rooms.
Just so you know, Vulci isn't your typical museum. You need an entire day to explore every nook and crany of this gorgeous and ancient city and you really don't want to miss a thing.
Luckily you don't have to be a history buff to known what each building or ruin is as kind local historians have provided maps and informational panels that not only explain what you're looking at, but also the history and importance of the city as a whole.
If you do visit Vulci, and you really should, make sure you wear comfortable shoes, bring a bottle of water and pray for good weather. You really can't appreciate an open-air museum in the rain, and Vulci is too important and beautiful to miss.
Address: Via Volta Buia, 2, Montalto di Castro
From 1 January to 31 March: 9am-5pm From 01 April to 30 June: 9am-6pm
From 01 July to 31 August: 9am-7pm
From 01 September to 30 September: 9am-6pm
From 1 October to 31 December: 9am-7pm
April, May, June, July, August, September: every day: 10am-6pm
Entry Price: €8 for adults, €5 for children aged 6-13 and adults older than 65, and free for children younger than 6
For more info: Visit the official Vulci website.
ponte del diavolo
Castello medievale della Badia


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text:
Q: Why are points considered to be zero dimensional? Aside
This is a silly observation born out of my own curiosity. I'd love some perspective from more mathematically minded folks.
Please try to evaluate my reasoning, and expand on which assumptions are incorrect or misguided.
General question
Why are points considered to be zero dimensional? Is there a distinction between zero dimensional and dimensionless that I am missing?
Assumptions

*

*A single point cannot exist in the absence of at least one dimension.

*The point has no meaning beyond its distance from zero along that dimension.

Conclusion

*

*A single point is not dimensionless.

*Every point is coupled to some dimension(s), and its meaning is generated via its distance to zero along those dimension(s).

*In this sense, every point has content, as it assumes a value on a dimension. A dimensionless point would have no capacity to assume a value.

A: Here's just one viewpoint.
You may be interested in the difference between affine dimension and linear dimension. For flat things:

*

*The affine dimension is the least number of points needed to specify the thing.

*The linear dimension is the number of orthogonal directions available to someone living on the thing.

For example, since there's a unique line through any two points, ergo a line has affine dimension $2$. But if you're living on a line, there's only one direction along which you can move back and forth, so it has linear dimension $1$.
In general, the linear dimension is always $1$ less than the affine dimension.
Since a point takes $1$ point to specify, its affine dimension is $1$. Thus its linear dimension is $0$. Since "dimension" usually means "linear dimension", hence a point can be considered $0$-dimensional.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Ostali - Village
My Village
Odisha Sundargarh Hemgir Ostali
Village Schemes
State - Odisha District - Sundargarh Block - Hemgir Local Language - Odia
About Ostali village
Ostali is a village located in Hemgir Block of Sundargarh district in Odisha. Situated in rural region of Sundargarh district of Odisha, it is one of the 153 villages of Hemgir Block of Sundargarh district. According to the administration records, the village code of Ostali is 383562. The village has 93 houses.
Population of Ostali village
According to Census 2011, Ostali's population is 363. Out of this, 186 are males while the females count 177 here. This village has 55 kids in the age bracket of 0-6 years. Among them 35 are boys and 20 are girls.
Literacy rate of Ostali village
Literacy rate in Ostali village is 63%. 230 out of total 363 population is literate here. In males the literacy rate is 68% as 127 males out of total 186 are educated while female literacy rate is 58% as 103 out of total 177 females are literate in this Village.
The Negative part is that illiteracy rate of Ostali village is 36%. Here 133 out of total 363 individuals are illiterate. Male illiteracy rate here is 31% as 59 males out of total 186 are illiterate. Among the females the illiteracy rate is 41% and 74 out of total 177 females are illiterate in this village.
Agricultural status of Ostali village
The count of employed person of Ostali village is 177 while 186 are un-employed. And out of 177 employed person 16 peoples are totally reliant on cultivation.
Ostali's Members & Followers

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


Ideal for a Husband/Wife operation.
Operating under current owners for five years, the business is well established.
Agencies for Ladbrokes, Bitcoin, Coin Spot, Toll, TNT, SodaKing.
Sale includes all fixtures and fittings, Tower Point of Sale Software and POS PC. Sundry equipment such as label printer, price gun, portable barcode scanner also included.
Angle Vale is a rapidly growing area, with four New Housing Subdivisions underway.
Prime location in a shopping centre with a Drake's Foodland and Terry White Chemmart, as well as a Cafe, Butcher, Hairdresser, Gym, Real Estate Agent, Pizza, and Chicken and Seafood.
SA Lotteries training is required for all Lottery product sales.
Owners will provide training on POS and day to day operations.
Introductions to suppliers will be arranged.
After five happy years, the owners are retiring.


text:
Q: rails generated CSV file can't be downloaded I'm trying to export my database to CSV file and download it but it doesn't download. I have a form with 2 different actions, Export to CSV and Export to JSON I want to when I click any submit button of them to download the generated file but it doesn't work.
When Enter the city name and click the Export to CSV submit button it doesn't download
the view export.html.erb

Export Data

      <%= form_with(url: export_path, method: 'get', local: true) do |f| %>

          <%= f.label :City, style: "font-weight: bolder; font-size: large;" %>
          <%= f.text_field :city, class: 'form-control' %>

          <%= f.label :Date, style: "font-weight: bolder; font-size: large;" %>
          <%= f.datetime_local_field :date, class: 'form-control' %>

          <%= f.submit "Export to CSV", class: "btn btn-primary" %> |
          <%= f.submit "Export to JSON", class: "btn btn-primary" %>

      <% end %>

A: replace this line
<%= form_with(url: export_path, method: 'get', local: true) do |f| %>

with...
<%= form_with(url: export_path, method: 'get', local: true, format: :csv) do |f| %>

A: Okay, guys I finally solved the issue. Actually, it was more than one reason that caused it.
First I replaced this line:
<%= form_with(url: export_path, method: 'get', local: true) do |f| %>

with this line:
<%= form_with(url: export_path(format: "csv") , method: 'get', local: true) do |f| %>

thanks to my friend Jamie Crone

A: does anything download if you put this in the browser http://localhost:3000/export_path.pdf
Try changing this
<%= form_with(url: export_path, method: 'get', local: true) do |f| %>

with this
<%= form_with(url: export_path(format: "csv") , method: 'get', local: true) do |f| %>


text:
Q: UICollectionView Store cells in array for quick loading I have a question, I am not sure if it is possible, so I thought I would ask for advice on here!
I have an app, and it uses a UICollectionView to present a grid of buttons to the user.  I am using bootstrap-style gradient buttons, so to draw each cell (there can 40 buttons in one 'grid'), which uses some system resources, and redrawing can take some time (well - up to half a second!). The user can load different sets into the collection view as well.  In order to circumvent this loading time, would it be possible to hold all of the cells in an array, and instead of configuring each cell when -cellForRowAtIndexPath is called, simply pull the cell from the array?
I am not too sure if this is the done thing. My app has a loading screen, so the array can be populated at startup.
Thanks,
Paul

A: You can use NSCache to hold the drawn cells,
1) @property(nonatomic, strong) NSCache *myCache;
2) in viewDidLoad,
self.myCache = [[NSCache alloc] init];
3) use these 2 methods,
-(id) cellForIndexPathRow:(NSNumber *) number{
    return [self.myCache objectForKey:number];
}

-(void) setCell:(id) cell forIndexPathRow:(NSNumber *) number{
    [self.myCache setObject:cell forKey:number];
}

4) When you draw the cell,
first call
id cell = [self cellForIndexPathRow:[NSNumber numberWithInt:indexPath.row]];
if(!cell){
 //then create draw the cell

 //store the drawn cell in cache
 [self setCell:cell forIndexPathRow:[NSNumber numberWithInt:indexPath.row]];
}


text:
Home page > Discover Europe > Toulouse - Poitiers
Toulouse - Poitiers
Train Toulouse → Poitiers
About this journey The average travel time between Toulouse and Poitiers is 5h21 minutes. The quickest route is 4h08 minutes. The first train leaving Toulouse is at 06:05, the last at 18:04. There is an average of 12 trains a day between Toulouse and Poitiers, leaving approximately every 50 minutes.
Departure station : Toulouse matabiau (64, Boulevard Pierre Sémard BP 35203 31079 Toulouse cedex 5)
Take in the Myriad colors and flavors of France's southwest
Toulouse, the capital of Midi-Pyrénées region Toulouse is a French city located in the South West of France in the Midi-Pyrénées region. The region is well known for its sunny climate and gastronomy. As for Toulouse, the capital of the Midi-Pyrénées region, is a city with an exceptional heritage. From its beautiful private mansions, churches, museums and landmarks, the pink city, as it is also known (Ville Rose in French) will charm you. Toulouse is France's 4th biggest city and as such is home to over 400,000 inhabitants. The city which can be easily reached from Paris of Bordeaux is also a well-known university town and the European aeronautical capital. Did you know that Toulouse is the iconic capital of Rugby. Its flagship team is Stade Toulousain, which is one of the most successful clubs in Europe with eighteen league titles in France, three cups of France and four cups of Europe. Learn more about Toulouse
Poitiers, when romanesque art goes with amusement park In the heart of the Poitou-Charentes region in western France, the beautiful city of Poitiers is waiting for you. It is located 100 km south from Tours and the world-famous Loire Valley's chateaux, and counts a little more than 80.000 inhabitants Learn more about Poitiers
Book your journey from Toulouse to Poitiers From HK$417 HK$719
1 TOULOUSE MATABIAU
06:05 BORDEAUX ST JEAN
N°: 8500
2 BORDEAUX ST JEAN
08:23 POITIERS
06:05 10:16 04:11 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
06:46 LIMOGES BENEDICTI
2 LIMOGES BENEDICTI
N°: 68006
1 POITIERS
09:47 TOULOUSE MATABIAU
Toulouse Matabiau Train Station
Save money and see more with a France Pass Wish to explore more of France; then a rail pass may be just what you are looking for; giving you extensive travel in the country of your choice! France Pass
Agen - Toulouse
Brive - Toulouse
Limoges - Toulouse


text:
<?php

namespace PhalconRest\Transformers;

use PhalconRest\Export\Documentation;
use PhalconRest\Transformers\Documentation\ApiCollectionTransformer;
use PhalconRest\Transformers\Documentation\RouteTransformer;

class DocumentationTransformer extends Transformer
{
    public $defaultIncludes = [
        'routes',
        'collections'
    ];

    public function transform(Documentation $documentation)
    {
        return [
            'name' => $documentation->name,
            'basePath' => $documentation->basePath
        ];
    }

    public function includeRoutes(Documentation $documentation)
    {
        return $this->collection($documentation->getRoutes(), new RouteTransformer);
    }

    public function includeCollections(Documentation $documentation)
    {
        return $this->collection($documentation->getCollections(), new ApiCollectionTransformer);
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


¿Qué son los saltos mentales?
Descubre Las Semanas Mágicas, por qué un bebé está inquieto en determinados momentos y cómo puedes ayudarle a sacar el máximo beneficio de ello.
Mucha gente habla de Las Semanas Mágicas, saltos, fases inquietas y "períodos tormentosos". Los padres, los bloggers y revistas (en línea) han escrito artículos diversos, comentarios, opiniones e historias sobre el libro Las Semanas Mágicas. ¡Queremos compartirlo contigo!
Baby brain development made easy! Brilliant book. Completely describes each stage of brain development from a lay persons perspective. Gives real examples of how each stage will change baby's behaviour and functions. Invaluable to help you fathom the rapid changes in baby's responses to his/her world and why routines or problems can pop up out of nowhere! Reassuring, easy read and kindle version great for in the go reading.
All parents should buy this book. Sooo worth having for peace of mind. Great to have some idea what the little mite is going through. Really helps to give you a better perspective of your baby's development and how to help them.
Well worth being on any new mums shelf. Brilliant, really easy to pick up and put down, pick up again without much concern over where you left off. Very informative. Helps to understand behaviours.
Every parent I know has wondered at some time what happened to their baby, why they are so clingy all of a sudden, why they cry for apparently no reason, why they stopped sleeping well, why they stopped eating well, why suddenly nobody but Mommy will do… who took their nice baby and replaced it with THIS baby? And whose fault is it? "Did I spoil him," they ask, or "Should I punish her?" Will I get better results if I stop responding to all these senseless demands? They look for answers, and get all sorts of advice from others, much of it less than helpful – but they don't know what is going on, so they can't filter the advice effectively. This book has the answers to all those whys, and the reassurance that you are neither crazy nor at fault. My patience expanded dramatically when I realized that it wasn't ME, it wasn't my fault, it was just a stage of development for my son. It helped to know that he was actually scared and needed me, and was not pretending or manipulating me. It helped to be able to look forward to the genuinely exciting new knowledge and abilities at the end of the stage. It helped to know that if I supported him, the phase would progress and end. I felt sane, and normal, and knew that other moms went through the same thing. PHEW! ? I've passed the info on to countless other parents, all of whom have wished that the book was available in the US. I even contacted the publisher of the version in New Zealand, but no luck. Now, this PRICELESS resource is here, and the second I found out, I bought my copy. You won't regret getting your own.
I just ordered 3 copies of this book to give as baby gifts to my friends, because I've found the information in this book to be so helpful. I've had it in a German translation since my daugther was about 6 months old and I seem to get it out and reread the corresponding chapter whenever my little one goes through a tough phase. It is encouraging to read the other parents' remarks and know that I'm not the only one dealing with this. The authors point out that there are valid reasons for the babies' behaviour. So if your baby all of a sudden is very clingy and difficult, don't despair! Giving in to her/his needs is not going to make her/him a spoilt brat. By lending the support she/he needs, you will help your baby transition to the next developmental stage.
I don't think I've ever bothered to do a review here before, but this book made me take the time to do it. I got this book when my daughter was a few months old and I recommend it to all parents. Each chapter discusses a "fussy phase" and explains the developmental leap that accompanies it. The book offers suggestions of how to handle it, how to cope when things get frustrating, what toys are especially useful during the phase, what games to play with your child at that time. I love the way it's organized. It's very readable. Without fail, every time my little girl was acting…not herself…I would open up the book and sure enough, we were right in the middle of a great developmental leap. I feel like this book helped me understand my daughter better, and be a better parent. I WISH they would write a book for the second year as well.
Out of the many baby books I've read this is hands down the most useful. The information is excellent and makes me wonder why it's not readily available (outside this book ie on websites). Wow, when read it it's like I got the AHA moment and a glimpse into my daughters brain. I will say though if anyone is for the CRY IT OUT method they need to read this book. Even though this isn't a sleep book it gave me the insight to realize that I will never use the cry it out method when I know that my baby is going through a developmental phase and needs moms comfort and support more than ever; that would just be torture.
This book was recommended by many of my friends and they were right: it is such a relief to finally understand that it is not your fault that your baby may have some pretty tough days and cry and fuss, but that it is a normal part of his or her development. Especially having our first baby and going through the first few weeks of being insecure about things, this book was a huge help. When we reached week 5 and she would not stop crying for hours a friend told me about this book and I felt like all the weight had been lifted of my shoulders and that I can handle her "attacks" much better now that I understand what's going on. Having studied psychology myself I also appreciated the authors' background and scientific information which is packaged in an easy to read way making the cognitive theories accessible to everybody.I also bought the handbook for games and activities by the same author and love it.
I appreciate that The Wonder Weeks honors the challenges of caring for a baby. It's great info about development, yes. It's also validation that development & accompanying fussiness are exhausting for parents. No other parenting book mentions that "during this time" mom is likely to have back aches & headaches. Continues to describe mom/baby as connected, like a continuation of pregnancy. Milestones are identified at the same universal times everyone else (Brazelton, Sears, etc) describe. The key difference here is that there are suggestions of how to help your baby through and validation that it's hard work. I really like the checklists in the book and the reminder emails.
This is the perfect book to follow along side baby while she's growing.
Un consejo saltarín de oro es simplemente un enlace a YouTube en el correo electrónico de alarma de salto.
Esta guía práctica en el desarrollo mental de su bebé está disponible en varios idiomas.
La aplicación Las Semanas Mágicas es un alarma de salto inteligente que llevas en tu bolsillo pero no reempleza al libro.
Para leer más sobre el libro, lee la página acerca del libro. Aquí puedes leer lo que este libro te ofrece, cómo te ayuda a ti y cómo usar el libro.


text:
Sarah Paulson and Mark Duplass Have Chosen The Greatest Female Rapper
By Lea Palmieri Twitter @littleleap Oct 11, 2016 at 3:00pm
If you enjoy movies that will leave you with a smile on your face to match the lump in your throat, now is the perfect time for you to check out Blue Jay on VOD. The film stars Sarah Paulson and Mark Duplass as former high school sweethearts that connect again 20 years later after a chance encounter. This story will stick with you long after you've finished watching it, and will leave you wondering "what if?" about not only these characters, but your own teenage loves. Blue Jay is so beautifully done, so touching and so effective, and that is due in large part to the chemistry between Duplass and Paulson. At a screening last week, they revealed they were social acquaintances via their mutual friend, Amanda Peet, but after seeing them on screen, it feels much deeper than just a connection between their former co-star on Togetherness and Studio 60 on the Sunset Strip, respectively.
Blue Jay was made as part of the Duplass brothers' deal with Netflix to produce four films a year (Mark, along with his brother Jay serve as executive producers on the film) and is distributed in a unique model proving their understanding that the streaming world is where it's at, especially for indie films, with Mark explaining, "Some people will see this movie in theaters, more on VOD, and millions will see it on Netflix." The Orchard is responsible for distributing the film in theaters (it is currently playing in New York and opens this weekend in Los Angeles) and on VOD, where it lands today. You can expect to watch it on Netflix in time for the holidays.
There was no script for the film, only a two-page outline written by Duplass, in which "not a word was wasted", according to Paulson, who admits, "I was scared. It was outside my comfort zone, for sure. I've just never worked this way." She was so used to working closely with a script, that even on the set of The People v. O.J. Simpson, she "would be tossing my iPad underneath the desk in the courtroom," right before the cameras started to roll. Even Duplass admitted, "I don't think this is a model I should follow all the time," but remains extremely proud of the film, saying, "I never get tired of talking about this movie."
And so that's what we did. I joined the duo at the Four Seasons hotel in New York, in the middle of a lively discussion about Duplass seeing "boobs and bush" in Revenge of the Nerds during a sleepover at 9 years old. It's worth noting, that there are neither boobs nor bush in Blue Jay, but that should in no way affect your desire to see the film.
Congrats on this film, I love it. I've watched it both at home alone, and in a full theater with people.
MD: Thank you! You saw it twice?
SP: You're a groupie, I love it.
I'm so glad I did!
MD: It's a different movie, right? You're one of few people who have seen it in both scenarios.
SP: It's much funnier on the big screen.
Yeah, when people were laughing in the theater, I thought, "Get ready because these two are about to break your heart."
MD: Yeah, fuck you guys. You're like, 'I know shit and you don't know shit.'
SP: 'You don't know what's coming!' There's a thicket!
MD: So much boobs and bush.
SP: So much boobs and bush coming, you have no idea. That's what you should say so as many people go to see it as possible, just promise lots of boobs and lots of bush.
Let's talk a little bit about it being black and white. The way I interpreted it was that perhaps it was in black and white because sometimes things in life are not always black and white.
MD: Oh, this is good. That is a grand metaphor for the movie. I wasn't thinking that.
SP: (joking) I was, because it was my idea for the movie.
You spoke about it being an instinct you had for it to be black and white, but at what point in the process did you decide that?
MD: It was an instinct as it started to come together. But I was scared to think about it because I was worried it would come across as pretentious. And then I quickly checked that and we all did, and we all were like, fuck it. Why don't we just do this, it's what we want to do, it's what our heart wants to do. And Alex (Lehmann, the director) said it really, really well, he was like, 'Two people, two colors.' There's something great about it. If I'm gonna get a little heady about it, I feel like if there is a tide in independent film. It is now to make movies that can grab you with their poster, with their log lines, and to be as attention-getting as possible, to wade through the sea of many movies and get noticed. To me, that is like what happened in jazz in this city in the '50s, where Coltrane got as loud and as crazy and as noisy as you possibly could and Miles Davis was like, well, there's no where else left to go, so I'm just gonna make Kind of Blue and just honk my horn like four times on the whole record, and just got real quiet and real small. I was like, maybe quiet is the new loud, and maybe slow and steady will be fascinating, and I really focus on maybe, because we were scared, honestly. We were like, this could be lyrical and poetic and beautiful, or it could be fucking boring. We were relying a lot on our chemistry, honestly. That was what the movie had. And my sex appeal.
SP: And his pecs.
There was a part of me that was thinking 'Why aren't these two friends on Facebook?' but the more I thought about it, the more I realized that Facebook might diminish the chances of a story like this being told in the future. Do you see that with social media, that we are in everyone's business, but that these two characters got to genuinely reconnect?
MD: I'm on Twitter and I'm on Twitter only and I have an outward relationship. I put things out and I don't receive them. So I don't know what my ex-girlfriends are up to. I think I actually am one of the few people who can have this experience in real life. But I think that's a really astute point of yours. I don't know that we consciously ever said, let's make a movie without social media in it, and let's get back to that. It felt comfortable that Jim was the type of person who probably, as a dry wall dude isn't that savvy about it.
SP: Look at my work!
MD: And we never discussed it for Amanda, but I would venture to say right now that like, Amanda's got her fucking life on the rails, she doesn't need to go digging into a bunch of that stuff. She's just trying to hold that stuff together.
These two bond over some of their favorite '90s songs, so who is the greatest female rapper?
MD: Did you not see Fallon last night?
SP: It's me obviously. The greatest female rapper? It's probably Missy, isn't it? I think it's Missy, but back in the day, I mean, Latifah was pretty great. But I think Missy because she also does things where I'm like, 'I don't know what you said.' She's like 'briga borga shuga buga.' And I still don't understand, did they lay it down, flip it and reverse it, or was it 'It's your shmiga merga berga.' Wait, is she speaking backward or did they flip something? Anyway, I think Missy probably, when you really listen to some of those words in her raps.
And also her videos are so amazing.
MD: The fact that we're having this conversation at all in relation to this movie, just really makes me happy. There was nothing about rapping in the outline, by the way. When we were talking about what should be on the tapes, it was written that, when they turn the tapes on you just hear them going to their play acting. And then the day before we get in, I was like that's gonna feel false, there should be like a false start, so that it not only gives us a laugh going into it, but so it feels a little more genuine that something might have gotten taped over, but I had no ideas of what it should be. Then we had done an improvisation about Lisa Lisa and then we were like, what if they're just like rappers and I'm like ok! So we just did it, and then started chasing the rap thing and it became this plot point though it. That's the fun about these movies is that you can find these little surprises, that if they work, you can chase them a little bit.
And you get to talk about Missy Elliot.
MD: And now we're talking about Missy muthafuckin' Elliot.
When you want to have a dance party what do you listen to?
MD: Oh, my kids and I do '80s dance parties for dessert, while my wife's out of town right now filming in Vancouver. So we eat dinner at 5:15 every night, I fucking love eating dinner early, and if they, because I'm an idiot American parent, I'm like, 'Eat all your dinner and you get some dessert,' which is so fucking stupid. But then we get ice cream popsicles and we go outside and I put on the '80s Pandora station and I get them their music education and we just fucking dance and eat ice cream.
SP: I like a little Motown. I like a little "Runaround Sue", and I go crazy. But I'm just jumping like a pogo, there's nothing good about it.
Your characters in Blue Jay listen to audio cassette tapes that they recorded 20 years ago. As it is one of the few things we don't get to see them do on screen, what was it like for you two to record those tapes?
MD: I loved it.
SP: I think it was really fun. We did it down in the basement, remember that? That one bottom bedroom in the house.
MD: And we were just kissing our hands and then immediately—
SP: We did both go like—
MP: Ewww!
SP: It was just the kissing sounds!
MD: I think our postures got weird, because we were trying to get our voices slightly pitchy and slightly breathless. What was really fun about it, at least for me, was that this was a complicated movie, in that when Jim and Amanda should have chemistry and when they shouldn't. In my opinion, from the script, they shouldn't really start to light up until they get back to the house. So even when they get there, it was always reserved to a certain degree. When we got to do the tapes, we got to be—
SP: THEM.
MD: And all you had to do was one thing, just play unbridled love and enthusiasm and simplicity.
SP: If I remember correctly, that was something that you actually wrote. We actually did that word for word, what he wrote on the pages and we were reading them.
MD: Yeah, and it happened quickly too.
SP: It happened quickly and you had done it, I think you had done it that morning or even the night before or something and I remember looking at him like, how the fuck did you just do this? Sometimes I think, and maybe this isn't true, but that he did it for me, because he knew I was so scared to have nothing to stand on. I would sometimes say, I'm afraid I'm going to get lost in terms of where the train is headed. That if you can just tell me what the beats of this scene are, what we want, even though sometimes he would be like, 'Yes but now go away from that and stay with this, and do more of this and let go of that and this is working' or whatever. So sometimes he would have like a 2 page, 3 page, 4 page, depending on the scene, and it was never anything we had to adhere to, but the ideas were there about what was needed from a narrative standpoint. That was always really helpful, but we very rarely said what was on the page. But with the stuff with the tapes, we really did exactly what he wrote.
Did you record it right before you shot the scene with them?
SP: Yeah, we did everything sequentially, so we were able to use all that.
Can you talk a little about having three female producers on this?
MD: I'm glad you brought that up. This is an estrogen-laden film—
SP: Most of it coming from Mark.
MD: Most from me, and from Alex, honestly. My company is run by all girls, and I don't have an exact reason for that. If I'm being perfectly honest, these are three of the smartest people I know and I wanted around this project, but I think serendipitously it was very very good because, as the main writing force of the project, I am coming from a somewhat male perspective and I represent at least 50% of that, so having all girls around to rally around some of the Amanda opinions was good. That being said, strangely enough, I think I'm a lot more like Amanda than I am like Jim in some ways, personally. I'm much of the, 'Fuck, my life's good and great but theres something kind of sad and weird and I don't know what it is!'
I think we all have a little bit of that.
SP: (joking) Not me. Definitely not me.
MP: Sarah just cradling her Emmy and crying all night "I thought you were gonna make me happy!"
SP: I had a friend say, 'I guarantee you're going to wake up the next morning like, is that it? That's it?'
Have you had the experience, and I love this because I think we all do it, seeing someone you know and then pretending you don't see them until they say hi to you?
MD: I do it all the time.
SP: Oh my god, all the time. I just think there's always to me a tiny bit of danger because if it's somebody that you knew, and even if you knew them well but you haven't seen them in a long time, sometimes I think there are reasons. I'm really good friends with, I mean my friend Carla, I've been friends with since I'm 11 years old and in a very constant, active way. Some of my friends that were my best friends in high school I still text occasionally, but I haven't seen them in years. So there's always that moment of going, what if I don't, what if who you've become or what I was, all of a sudden I find it upsetting that I was friends with you because you seem really strange? There's so many possibilities and some of them require a lot of effort. I almost feel like I would never go up to someone that I saw if they didn't see me, if it didn't happen at the same moment.
MD: You want to be on your own trip. You have a specific energy space. Here's something real fucking dark I'll talk about right now. I avoided my brother at an Emmy party.
SP: No! What?
MD: The reason I did it, I saw him coming up and I could've easily gone up to him and gotten the energy, but I was in a very specific conversation with someone where I was nimble and moving around. You go to these Emmy parties and you see everybody you want to see for the year and then you go home and fucking sleep. And I was like, okay I'm doing this thing, and I remember feeling like Jay knows me so well that he will see the falseness in the way that I am behaving with this person, and I don't want him to see that because he's gonna be disgusted with me and I'm gonna be disgusted with myself. So I literally just turned and I was like, I'm gonna keep this grossness to myself.
SP: And that's okay.
MD: Tough stuff dude!
[Watch Blue Jay on Amazon Video]
'Velma' Angers Twitter (Again) With Unfortunate Sickle Cell Joke


text:
package org.hillview.table.columns;

import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.ints.Int2ObjectOpenHashMap;
import it.unimi.dsi.fastutil.objects.Object2IntOpenHashMap;

import javax.annotation.Nullable;

/**
 * This class is used to compress categorical data.
 */
class CategoryEncoding {
    // Map categorical value to a small integer
    private final Object2IntOpenHashMap<String> intEncoding;
    // Decode small integer into categorical value
    private final Int2ObjectOpenHashMap<String> intDecoding;
    private static final int KEY_NOT_FOUND = -1;

    CategoryEncoding() {
        this.intEncoding = new Object2IntOpenHashMap<String>(100);
        this.intDecoding = new Int2ObjectOpenHashMap<String>(100);
    }

    @Nullable
    String decode(int code) { return this.intDecoding.getOrDefault(code, null); }

    int encode(@Nullable String value) {
        final int ret = this.intEncoding.getOrDefault(value, KEY_NOT_FOUND);
        if (ret != KEY_NOT_FOUND)
            return ret;
        int encoding = this.intEncoding.size();
        this.intEncoding.put(value, encoding);
        this.intDecoding.put(encoding, value);
        return encoding;
    }

    public void clear() {
        this.intDecoding.clear();
        this.intDecoding.clear();
    }
}


Hal Leonard has announced that The Complete Guide to DJ Basics with a Traktor Controller is now available on Groove3.
In this video course, DJ Shortee teaches you all the essential basics that you need to know when you are first learning how to DJ with a Traktor DJ controller.
Shortee shows you how to handle the jog wheels, various ways to cue up your songs, three different ways to listen using your headphones, how to identify the beat, and how to tune your ears to be able to isolate the drum sounds within your music.
She explains basic music theory; note values; how to count beats, bars, and phrases in 4/4 time; and how to identify the "one." You will discover various ways of counting the beats per minute (bpm) of your music and why it's so important to know the tempos of all your songs. She teaches you scratches for DJing manually with the platters, how to combine them with each other as well as with the crossfader, and various ways to drop your songs in on the "one." To finish things off strong, you will learn how to perform a basic transition between two songs with the same bpm, using the crossfader to blend them together.
The Complete Guide to DJ Basics with a Traktor Controller is an excellent course for beginners without any DJ experience as well as intermediate or advanced DJs who are transitioning from another gear setup and learning how to DJ on a Traktor controller for the first time. Every lesson is taught in a clear and concise way that is easy for anyone to understand. The skills you will learn in this course will set you up perfectly for the next course: "The Complete Guide to Beginner DJ Mixing with a Traktor Controller," in which Shortee teaches beatmatching and beginner mixing techniques. This information-packed course is part of the Traktor Controller Series of Shortee's Complete DJ Method. It works seamlessly in conjunction with her DJ Gear course "The Complete DJ Gear Guide to a Traktor Controller: Kontrol S4" and is essential for building a strong foundation to take your skills to the next level.
The course is available for purchase for $24.99 USD and with Groove3's All Access Pass for $15 USD/month.


text:
Ongoing strike in France: Contact us 24/7 to find a solution to reach your destination.
Why LunaJets
Jet Comparator
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Art Basel Hong Kong is truly unique due to the incredible cross-cultural exchange that takes place at the event, with around half of the galleries exhibiting at the show being from Asia and the Asia Pacific area, while the other half come from all over the world. Hong Kong is the perfect location to host it because the city itself is a cultural melting pot that represents a portal between the East and the West.
Art Basel Hong Kong is made up of 6 different exhibition sectors, showcasing Modern and Contemporary Art, large-scale sculpture and installation works, film and photography, among others. The show is the perfect opportunity to admire pieces by both well-known, established artists and emerging talent. There are also a wide variety of talks and forums from internationally recognised art historians and experts to broaden your knowledge and inspire debate. During Art Basel Hong Kong, the city is alive with events that are held at galleries, museums and other cultural centres so, whether you are an artist, collector, dealer or just an art-lover, you're biggest problem will be fitting them all in. For more information visit the official website of Art Basel Hong Kong.
Whether you are flying from Europe, the States, the Middle East or elsewhere in Asia, LunaJets are on hand to find the perfect flight solution to ensure you fly private to Art Basel Hong Kong at the best price. Our team are available 24/7 to accommodate your every need and, as well as your private flight to Hong Kong, would be delighted to organise your transfer from the airport. We are at your service for all the most important events across the world, including the other Art Basel events in Basel, Switzerland in June or Miami Beach, USA in December.
For more information or to charter your private jet to Art Basel Hong Kong, please do not hesitate to contact LunaJets on +41 844 041 844 or email us at lunajets@lunajets.com.
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LunaJets is a flight broker and as such arranges carriage by air, acting as agent of, and on behalf of its customers by chartering aircraft from third-party aircraft operators. LunaJets only acts as an intermediary, does not itself operate aircraft and is not a contracting or an indirect carrier.


This community of 30 – 40 singers meets twice a week. Thursday evening for rehearsal from 7:00 pm-9:00 pm and on Sunday morning at 10:30 am to prepare to lead the congregation in musical worship at the 11:30 am liturgy. We also sing for all major Holy Days, Christmas and Easter.
We are looking for members in all categories: soprano, alto, tenor and bass, but are especially in need of tenors and basses this year.


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Mixed Realism
Videogames and the Violence of Fiction
Timothy J. Welsh
What can be learned from reading videogames and novels through the same lens?
Timothy Welsh shows how videogames, like novels, both promise and trouble experiences of "immersion." From David Foster Wallace to the cult-classic videogame Eternal Darkness and from Cormac McCarthy to Grand Theft Auto, Mixed Realism offers a fresh perspective on digital games and contemporary literature as well as a new understanding of the expanding role of virtuality in contemporary life.
In Mixed Realism, Timothy J. Welsh proposes a fresh approach to understanding digital games and contemporary literature that is essential, relevant, and engaging.
Zach Whalen, University of Mary Washington
Film and Media, Literature, Theory and Philosophy, American Literature, Digital Culture
Mixed Realism is about how we interact with media. Timothy J. Welsh shows how videogames, like novels, both promise and trouble experiences of "immersion." His innovative methodology offers a new understanding of the expanding role of virtuality in contemporary life.
Today's wired culture is a mixed reality, conducted as exchanges between virtual and material contexts. We make balance transfers at an ATM, update Facebook timelines, and squeeze in sessions of Angry Birds on the subway. However, the "virtual" is still frequently figured as imaginary, as opposed to "real." The vision of 1990s writers of a future that would pit virtual reality against actual reality has never materialized, yet it continues to haunt cultural criticism. Our ongoing anxiety about immersive media now surrounds videogames, especially "shooter games," and manifests as a fear that gamers might not know the difference between the virtual world and the real world.
As Welsh notes, this is the paradox of real virtuality. We understand that the media-generated virtualities that fill our lives are not what they represent. But what are they if they are not real? Do they have presence, significance, or influence exceeding their material presence and the user processes that invoke them? What relationships do they establish through and beyond our interactions with them?
Mixed Realism brims with fresh analyses of literary works such as Truman Capote's In Cold Blood and Mark Z. Danielewski's House of Leaves, along with sustained readings of controversial videogames such as Super Columbine Massacre and Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2. Continually connecting the dots between surprising groupings of texts and thinkers, from David Foster Wallace to the cult-classic videogame Eternal Darkness and from Cormac McCarthy to Grand Theft Auto, it offers a fresh perspective on both digital games and contemporary literature.
$91.00 cloth ISBN 978-0-8166-8943-9
232 pages, 46 b&w photos, 5 1/2 x 8 1/2, December 2016
Series: Electronic Mediations
Timothy J. Welsh is assistant professor of English at Loyola University, New Orleans.
It is a timely and welcome addition to the literature.
American Journal of Play
Introduction. The Paradox of Real Virtuality: Super Columbine Massacre RPG!
Part I. History, Theory, Methodology
1. Immersive Fictions in the Dot-com Era
2. Reading In Cold Blood Today: Toward a Model of Mixed Realism
3. Incomplete Worlds: Videogames beyond Immersion
4. Gaming in Context: Self-Reflexive Strategies in Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time, Eternal Darkness: Sanity's Requiem, and .hack//Infection
5. Metafiction and the Perils of Ubiquitous Mediation
Part II. Extended Studies
6. When What's Real Doesn't Matter: House of Leaves
7. Acceptable Losses: Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 2
Coda. The Rock of the Virtual: Violence in Blood Meridian and Red Dead Redemption
Gameplay Mode War, Simulation, and Technoculture
How to Do Things With Videogames
The Poetics of Information Overload From Gertrude Stein to Conceptual Writing
Gaming Essays on Algorithmic Culture
How to Talk about Videogames
Internet Spaceships Are Serious Business An EVE Online Reader
Players and Their Pets Gaming Communities from Beta to Sunset


I believe in a new year and that you should start it out by enjoying the finer pleasures of life!
Lauren is a 5'6", full figured, all natural, 24 year old caucasian woman with long brunette hair and green eyes.
I love outer sports, fishing, hiking, and anything that has to do with exploring and creating new memories!


text:
McDonald v. Obaisi et al
MEMORANDUM Opinion and Order: Defendants' motion to dismiss, ECF No. {{33}}, is granted in part and denied in part. The court partially dismisses count three of the FAC, ECF No. {{19}}, to the extent it alleges that Obaisi is liable under a theory of supervisory liability. The court also partially dismisses count seven to the extent it seeks to impose liability under § 1983 based on respondeat superior. McDonald may amend his complaint to attach his proposed § 2-622(a) certificate, ECF No. {{36}} -1. The amended complaint is due on or before September 27, 2017. Signed by the Honorable Joan B. Gottschall on 9/13/2017. Mailed notice
Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 1 of 14 PageID #:269 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE NORTHERN DISTRICT OF ILLINOIS EASTERN DIVISION DONALD LEE MCDONALD,)) Plaintiff,)) Case No. 16-CV-5417 v.)) Judge Joan B. Gottschall SALEH OBAISI and) WEXFORD HEALTH SOURCES INC.,)) Defendants.) MEMORANDUM OPINION & ORDER The plaintiff, Donald Lee McDonald ("McDonald"), is a prisoner at Stateville Correctional Center ("Stateville") in Joliet, Illinois. 1st Am. Compl. ("FAC") ¶ 4, ECF No. 19. This litigation concerns his medical care. McDonald alleges that he has suffered from spinal stenosis for years. Spinal stenosis "is a narrowing of the open spaces in the spine, which can put pressure on the spinal cord and the nerves that travel through the spine to the arms and legs." FAC at 3 n.1 (citation omitted). McDonald has complained of severe, chronic lower back pain for years, but, he alleges, Stateville medical personnel have provided, and continue to provide, inadequate care. See FAC ¶¶ 7–14. As a result, McDonald claims that he has needlessly suffered agonizing pain and that he still needs surgery. FAC at 1. In his amended complaint, which the court refers to simply as the complaint, McDonald brings claims under 42 U.S.C. § 1983, the Eighth Amendment, and Illinois law. Defendants move to dismiss three counts for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. For the following reasons, the court grants the motion in part and denies it in part. I. BACKGROUND This case is a partial sequel to McDonald v. Wexford Health Sources, Inc., No. 1:09-cv- Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 2 of 14 PageID #:270 04196 (N.D. Ill.). See generally McDonald v. Wexford Health Sources, Inc., No. 09 C 4196, 2015 WL 3896929, at *1–4 (N.D. Ill. June 23, 2015) (summarizing claims and evidence at summary judgment). McDonald names two defendants in this case: Wexford Health Sources, Inc. ("Wexford") and Dr. Saleh Obaisi ("Obaisi"). Under contract with the Illinois Department of Corrections, Wexford provides medical care to Stateville prisoners, FAC ¶ 5, and Obaisi "is responsible for implementing, overseeing, and supervising medical care at Stateville," FAC ¶ 6. McDonald sues Obaisi in his individual capacity. FAC ¶ 6. The prior McDonald case concerned McDonald's medical care during an earlier period in which Dr. Parthasarathi Ghosh served as Stateville's medical director. See FAC at 4 n.2. The court takes the following facts from the complaint and accepts them as true for purposes of deciding defendants' motion. McDonald suffered severe lower back pain for years before 2013. He "consistently requested medical attention from Wexford staff to reduce or eliminate the pain." FAC ¶ 7. By April 2013, the pain had begun to spread to his extremities. FAC ¶ 8. Obaisi considered ordering two diagnostic tests, an MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and EMG (electromyography), to diagnose McDonald but decided not to do so. FAC ¶ 8. Another Wexford employee whose identity is unknown reevaluated McDonald on August 30, 2013. FAC ¶ 9. The unknown doctor recommended that Obaisi reevaluate McDonald and scheduled an appointment with Obaisi, but the reevaluation never took place. FAC ¶ 9. Almost two years later, on July 28, 2015, Obaisi ordered an MRI and EMG. FAC ¶ 10. The findings in the report on the MRI, which Wexford received in September 2015, were "significant," prompting Wexford doctors "to "suspect surgery will be necessary sooner rather than later." FAC ¶ 11 (quoting unspecified source). Another unknown Stateville doctor recommended that McDonald receive a neurosurgical consultation. FAC ¶ 11. 2 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 3 of 14 PageID #:271 McDonald alleges that Wexford staff provided improper and inadequate care before and after he was diagnosed with spinal stenosis. FAC ¶¶ 12–14. For instance, Obaisi and other Wexford doctors sometimes prescribed pain medication for McDonald, but Wexford employees, such as nurses, refused to distribute it to him. FAC ¶ 13. McDonald asked them why, but he got no answer. FAC ¶ 13. He had yet to receive surgery when he filed his first amended complaint. FAC at 1. II. LEGAL STANDARD A Rule 12(b)(6) motion "tests the sufficiency of the complaint, not the merits of the case." McReynolds v. Merrill Lynch & Co., 694 F.3d 873, 878 (7th Cir. 2012). A complaint need only set forth a "short and plain statement of the claim showing that the pleader is entitled to relief." Fed. R. Civ. P. 8(a)(2). To survive a Rule 12(b)(6) motion, a complaint must "state a claim to relief that is plausible on its face." Ashcroft v. Iqbal, 556 U.S. 662, 678 (2009) (citing Bell Atl. Corp. v. Twombly, 550 U.S. 544, 570 (2007)). A claim satisfies this standard when its factual allegations "raise a right to relief above the speculative level." Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555-56; see also Swanson v. Citibank, N.A., 614 F.3d 400, 404 (7th Cir. 2010) ("[P]laintiff must give enough details about the subject-matter of the case to present a story that holds together."). For purposes of a motion to dismiss, the court takes all facts alleged by the plaintiff as true and draws all reasonable inferences from those facts in the plaintiff's favor, although conclusory allegations that merely recite the elements of a claim are not entitled to this presumption of truth. Virnich v. Vorwald, 664 F.3d 206, 212 (7th Cir. 2011). 3 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 4 of 14 PageID #:272 III. § 1983 CLAIMS In 42 U.S.C. § 1983, Congress created a damages remedy for violations of federal law by a person acting "under color of" state law. See, e.g., Ziglar v. Abbasi, 137 S. Ct. 1843, 1854 (2017); Brown v. Randle, 847 F.3d 861, 865 (7th Cir. 2017). In count seven, McDonald seeks to impose § 1983 liability on Wexford, a private corporation which has been contracted by the Illinois Department of Corrections to provide medical services at Stateville, under the doctrine of respondeat superior. Count three aims to hold Wexford and Obaisi liable under a "supervisory liability" theory. A. Respondeat Superior For Wexford (Count Seven) The well-established doctrine of respondeat superior "makes employers liable for their employees' actions within the scope of their employment." Shields v. Ill. Dep't of Corr., 746 F.3d 782, 793 (7th Cir. 2014) (citing Restatement (3d) of Agency § 2.04 (2006)) (other citations omitted). McDonald asserts that Wexford is vicariously liable for its employees' actions, including Obaisi's, under Illinois law. FAC ¶¶ 56–57. Defendants do not take issue with McDonald's use of respondeat superior for his claims under Illinois law. But, Wexford contends, McDonald cannot use respondeat superior to impose vicarious liability on it under § 1983. See FAC ¶ 58 (alleging that "Wexford, as a private corporation acting under color of state law, should additionally be held liable under 42 U.S.C. § 1983 for the conduct of its employees acting within the scope of their employment"). As McDonald concedes, Wexford wins this argument under binding Seventh Circuit precedent. FAC at 15 n.4; Resp. to Mot. to Dismiss 15 ("Resp."), ECF No. 36. The Seventh Circuit explained in Shields, supra, that its "controlling precedents" hold that "a private corporation cannot be held liable under § 1983 unless the constitutional violation was caused by 4 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 5 of 14 PageID #:273 an unconstitutional policy or custom of the corporation itself. Respondeat superior liability does not apply to private corporations under § 1983." Shields, 746 F.3d at 789 (citing Iskander v. Vill. of Forest Park, 690 F.2d 126, 128 (7th Cir. 1982)). Shields upheld the dismissal of a § 1983 claim against Wexford for this very reason. Id. But the Shields court opined that this rule "deserve[s] fresh consideration, though it would take a decision by [the Seventh Circuit] sitting en banc or pursuant to Circuit Rule 40(e), or a decision by the Supreme Court to overrule" controlling Seventh Circuit precedent. Id.; see also id. at 789–96; id. at 801 (Tinder, J., concurring in the judgment). Based on this language, McDonald says that he pleaded his § 1983 respondeat superior theory to preserve it for possible appeal. Resp. 15. Because this court must follow binding Seventh Circuit precedent until the Seventh Circuit or Supreme Court tells it to do otherwise, this court dismisses the FAC's § 1983 respondeat superior allegations. See Collins v. Al-Shami, 851 F.3d 727, 734 (7th Cir. 2017) (citations omitted) (reaffirming rule that "[u]nder existing precedent, neither public nor private entities may be held vicariously liable under § 1983"); Shields, 746 F.3d at 789. B. The "Supervisory Liability" of Both Defendants (Count Three) McDonald titled count three as a § 1983 claim against all defendants premised on "failure to train or supervise." FAC at 9. He alleges that Wexford and Obaisi "were responsible for the creation, implementation, oversight, and supervision of policies, practices, and procedures regarding medical care to inmates." FAC ¶ 30. They "had notice of widespread policies and practices by healthcare and correctional employees at Stateville pursuant to which prisoners like Mr. McDonald with serious medical needs were routinely denied medical care and access to medical care." FAC ¶ 31; see also id. ¶¶ 24–25 (alleging nine specific policies or customs and describing report from which defendants obtained knowledge of policies and practices). By 5 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 6 of 14 PageID #:274 "fail[ing] to provide adequate training and supervision," defendants allegedly "allowed [these widespread policies and practices] to flourish." Id. ¶ 33. In their briefing, the parties cite a mix of supervisory-liability cases and cases applying the rules for imposing liability on a municipality stemming from Monell v. Department of Social Services, 436 U.S. 658 (1978). "There is a difference between supervisory liability and municipal liability for failure to train or supervise." Lessley v. City of Madison, 654 F. Supp. 2d 877, 910 (S.D. Ind. 2009); accord Almaraz v. Haleas, 602 F. Supp. 2d 920, 925 (N.D. Ill. 2008). For what is referred to as supervisory liability to attach, a defendant acting under color of state law, "must know about the conduct and facilitate it, approve it, condone it, or turn a blind eye for fear of what [he] might see." Gill v. City of Milwaukee, 850 F.3d 335, 344 (7th Cir. 2017) (quoting Matthews v. City of E. St. Louis, 675 F.3d 703, 708 (7th Cir. 2012)) (alteration in original); accord Lessley, 654 F. Supp. 2d at 910 (quoting Lanigan v. Vill. of E. Hazel Crest, 110 F.3d 467, 478 (7th Cir. 1997)); Almaraz, 602 F. Supp. 2d at 925 (citation omitted). A supervisor cannot be held individually liable under § 1983 for a constitutional violation unless the plaintiff can show that the supervisor was "personally involved" in the violation in this way. Gill, 850 F.3d at 344 (quoting Matthews, 675 F.3d at 708). In contrast, supervisory liability for a constitutional violation under Monell "is not limited to the Supervisory Defendants' personal knowledge and participation." Almaraz, 602 F. Supp. 2d at 926. The Monell inquiry focuses not so much on personal involvement as on the relationship between an official custom or policy and the constitutional deprivation; it asks whether the deprivation was "caused by an express policy, a widespread practice or custom, or the deliberate act of a policymaking official." Id. (quoting Ienco v. City of Chicago, 286 F.3d 994, 998 (7th Cir. 2002)); see also Daniel v. Cook Cnty., 833 F.3d 728, 736 (7th Cir. 2016); Thomas v. Cook Cnty. Sheriff's Dep't, 604 F.3d 293, 303 (7th Cir. 6 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 7 of 14 PageID #:275 2010), as am. on denial of pet. for reh'g en banc May 3, 2010. The two inquiries can and do lead to supervisory liability for individual defendants without Monell liability and vice versa. See Lessley, 654 F. Supp. 2d at 909–10 (granting officers summary judgment on supervisory liability and denying city summary judgment on Monell theory); Almaraz, 602 F. Supp. 2d at 926 (concluding that "any liability of the City based on the act of a policymaking official would be distinct from the Supervisory Defendants' liability" because supervisors were not policymakers). Because plaintiff brings count three against both defendants, the court analyzes it under both theories. While the complaint states a Monell claim against Wexford, it fails to allege Obaisi's personal involvement in his subordinates' alleged misconduct. 1. The Monell Theory Defendants rely principally on a Monell case, Strauss v. City of Chicago, 760 F.2d 765, 767 (7th Cir. 1985), to argue that McDonald needs to plead more specific facts in support of count three. Several judges sitting in the Seventh Circuit have recognized that the Supreme Court disapproved Strauss when it rejected a heightened pleading standard for § 1983 claims against a municipality in its unanimous opinion in Leatherman v. Tarrant County Narcotics Intelligence and Coordination Unit, 507 U.S. 163 (1993). E.g., Marcavage v. City of Chicago, 467 F. Supp. 2d 823, 828 (N.D. Ill. 2006), rev'd in part on other grounds, 659 F.3d 626 (7th Cir. 2011); Brogan v. Bd. of Educ. of City of Chicago, 152 F. Supp. 2d 1082, 1083–84 (N.D. Ill. 2001); Wolf v. City of Chi. Heights, 828 F. Supp. 520, 524 (N.D. Ill. 1993); see also McCormick v. City of Chicago, 230 F.3d 319, 323–25 (7th Cir. 2000) (repudiating fact pleading after Leatherman). Defendants cite a pair of cases to show that district courts in the Seventh Circuit "routinely extend" Strauss. Mot. to Dismiss 4, ECF No. 33. But neither cites Strauss or a case 7 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 8 of 14 PageID #:276 endorsing it. See Carter v. Elyea, No. 11 C 2914, 2012 WL 3779064, at *5 (N.D. Ill. Aug. 31, 2012); Coe v. Sloan, No. 3:10-cv-311-GPM-DGW, 2011 WL 5967261, at *7-8 (S.D. Ill. Oct. 11, 2011), report and recommendation adopted 2011 WL 5980348 (S.D. Ill. Nov. 29, 2011). Instead, both cases apply Rule 8(a) pleading standards to supervisory-liability and failure-to-train allegations. See Coe, 2011 WL 5967261, at *7-8 (citing and applying Twombly, 550 U.S. at 555– 56); Carter, 2012 WL 3779064, at *5 (quoting Bissessur v. Ind. Univ. Bd. of Trs., 581 F.3d 599, 602 (7th Cir. 2009) and EEOC v. Concentra Health Servs., 496 F.3d 773, 776 (7th Cir. 2007)). Thus, the analytical framework Coe and Carter employed accords not with Strauss but with Leatherman and Rule 8(a) as it was interpreted in Twombly and Iqbal. See White v. City of Chicago, 829 F.3d 837, 844 (7th Cir. 2016), cert. denied, 137 S. Ct. 526 (2016). More importantly for purposes of burying Strauss, the Seventh Circuit has held that "[t]he Leatherman holding has survived the Court's later civil pleading decisions in Iqbal and Twombly, which require the pleader to allege a 'plausible' claim." White, 829 F.3d at 844 (citations omitted). White clarified how much factual material must be pleaded to make the existence of a widespread custom or practice plausible. The complaint in White stated that: In accordance with a widespread practice of the police department of the City of Chicago: [a police officer] requested the judge to issue a warrant on the basis of [the officer]'s conclusory allegation that other law enforcement officers claimed or believed plaintiff had committed an offense, and [the officer] did not present the judge with an affidavit setting out any affirmative allegation of facts that would indicate that plaintiff had committed an offense. White, 829 F.3d at 844. That allegation "[t]ogether with the individual claim against [the officer]" sufficed to allege the existence of a widespread custom or practice. Id. The court held that "White was not required to identify every other or even one other individual who had been arrested pursuant to a warrant obtained through the complained-of process." Id. (citing Jackson v. Marion Cnty., 66 F.3d 151, 152–53 (7th Cir. 1995)). 8 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 9 of 14 PageID #:277 After White's clarification of what a § 1983 plaintiff must plead, count three's allegations, viewed as a Monell claim, satisfy Rule 8(a). As Judge Dow, who authored Carter, supra, recently observed, district courts have relied on White to "scotch[ ] motions to dismiss" premised on arguments that the complaint does not contain allegations beyond those relating to the plaintiff." Williams v. City of Chicago, No 16-cv-8271, 2017 WL 3169065, at *9 (July 26, 2017) (quoting Stokes v. Ewing, No. 16 C 10621, 2017 WL 2224882, at *4 (N.D. Ill. May 22, 2017)) (collecting cases). By citing Strauss, defendants demand a holding that the complaint detail more incidents to support the alleged customs listed in count three. As it happens, McDonald's complaint references a 2010 report describing more incidents of alleged inadequate care, supervision, and training at Stateville. See FAC ¶ 24 (citing id. App. A). McDonald might get extra credit for identifying additional incidents supporting his alleged policies and custom, but his complaint passes the Rule 8(a) test without them under White. See White, 829 F.3d at 844. McDonald alleges that he repeatedly sought medical care for his back pain over a seven-year period, and Wexford employees provided him constitutionally inadequate care. See FAC ¶¶ 13– 14. He gives three examples (depending on how they are counted). See FAC ¶¶ 7–14. He then pleads that Wexford had nine widespread customs and practices of subpar supervision and training—the report he cites called it a "leadership vacuum"—at Stateville which led to his alleged constitutional deprivations. See id. ¶¶ 24, 31–34. Together, these allegations provide enough factual detail to give Wexford fair notice of the grounds on which McDonald's efforts to impose Monell liability in count three rest. See White, 829 F.3d at 843; Williams, 2017 WL 3169065, at *9 ("Under the binding precedent set by White, Plaintiff's allegations of a pattern or practice of ignoring complaints of discrimination are enough to survive a motion to dismiss." (internal citation omitted)). 9 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 10 of 14 PageID #:278 2. Supervisory Liability Though it states a Monell claim, the complaint does not raise a plausible inference that Obaisi was personally involved in his subordinates' alleged constitutional violations. For prisoners, the supervisory-liability test means that "to hold an individual defendant liable under § 1983 for a violation of an inmate's constitutional rights, the inmate must show that the defendant was personally responsible for that violation." Rasho v. Elyea, 856 F.3d 469, 478 (7th Cir. 2017) (citing Childress v. Walker, 787 F.3d 433, 439 (7th Cir. 2015)) (other citation omitted). The Seventh Circuit most recently considered the sufficiency of a complaint's allegations of personal liability in Gill, supra. See also McCauley v. City of Chicago, 671 F.3d 611, 617–18 (7th Cir. 2011) (applying Twombly and Iqbal to Monell allegations). As the Seventh Circuit described it, the complaint in Gill contained a bald allegation that a city police chief "failed to train the detectives [allegedly involved in the underlying constitutional violation] adequately and that [the chief] was 'deliberately and recklessly indifferent' to the detectives' actions." Gill, 850 F.3d at 344. Those allegations, the court held, were too conclusory to raise the plausible inference that the chief "knew about or was personally involved in the specific conduct" about which the plaintiff complained, so the complaint failed to state a claim that the chief should be held liable under a supervisory or failure-to-train theory. Id. McDonald's supervisory-liability allegations fail for similar reasons. To be clear, McDonald alleges that Obaisi personally made certain decisions. They include (without limitation) the decision not to seek a diagnostic test in 2013, his decision not to reevaluate McDonald in August–September 2013, the delay in surgery, and the decision in 2015 not to seek a surgical consult. See FAC ¶¶ 8–9, 12. The court does not understand Obaisi to be asking for dismissal of McDonald's claims against him stemming from those decisions or any 10 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 11 of 14 PageID #:279 other decision in which he was personally involved. Nor could he. See Heard v. Tilden, 809 F.3d 974, 981 (7th Cir. 2016) (per curiam) (holding that "allegation that [prison medical director who was also doctor] was involved directly in the choice to stall necessary surgery and prolong [the plaintiff]'s pain is enough to state a claim" for individual liability (citing Smith v. Knox Cty. Jail, 666 F.3d 1037, 1040 (7th Cir. 2012) and Arnett v. Webster, 658 F.3d 742, 753 (7th Cir. 2011))); see also McDonald v. Wexford Health Sources, Inc., 2015 WL 3896929, at *9 (N.D. Ill. June 23, 2015) (finding fact issue precluded summary judgment on previous Stateville medical director's personal involvement in McDonald's care). So Obaisi is on the hook for his own alleged conduct and conduct in which he was personally involved. Nevertheless, the court can find nothing in the complaint raising the inference that Obaisi was aware of or involved in the particular misconduct in which his subordinates allegedly engaged. McDonald pleads, for instance, that Wexford employees refused for no reason to give him prescribed pain medication. FAC ¶ 13. But no well-pleaded facts support the inference that Obaisi was specifically aware of the problem. See id. (alleging that McDonald asked "Wexford personnel" why he wasn't receiving medication and got no answer but omitting mention of Obaisi). McDonald does not allege, for instance, that he spoke to Obaisi or sent him a letter about any of the incidents of inadequate care described in the complaint. Cf., McDonald, 2015 WL 3896929, at *9 (N.D. Ill., June 23, 2015) (finding fact issue precluded summary judgment based in part on evidence that McDonald complained to Stateville's medical director when they met in a hallway); Rendon v. Wexford Health Sources, Inc., No. 10-cv-1410, 2011 WL 2669211, at *12 (C.D. Ill. July 7, 2011) (finding allegations that prisoner addressed letter to psychiatrist insufficient to state claim for supervisory liability because plaintiff did not allege that she had any other contact with psychiatrist and did not allege that letter was received or read). In sum, 11 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 12 of 14 PageID #:280 the complaint includes "no allegation or plausible inference that [Obaisi] knew about or was personally involved in the specific conduct" of his subordinates about which McDonald complains. Gill, 850 F.3d at 344; see also Rasho, 856 F.3d at 469 (affirming entry of summary judgment for prison officials where prisoner produced no evidence that two supervisors, "realized that something was amiss" with treating doctor's medical decision). IV. CLAIMS UNDER ILLINOIS LAW McDonald brings a claim for intentional infliction of emotional distress against Obaisi in count four. Counts five and six plead negligence claims against him. Obaisi moves to dismiss count six because McDonald did not attach an affidavit and a physician's report or certificate to his complaint as he contends § 2-622 of the Illinois Code of Civil Procedure required. See 735 Ill. Comp. Stat. 5/2-622(a) (West 2017). That section requires an affidavit and a report or certificate to be attached to the complaint "[i]n any action, whether in tort, contract or otherwise, in which the plaintiff seeks damages for injuries or death by reason of medical, hospital, or other healing art malpractice." Id. McDonald and Obaisi dispute whether count six is a malpractice claim covered by § 2-622(a). McDonald maintains that he seeks to hold Obaisi liable as a supervisor for failing to follow the prescriptions, orders, and advice of medical providers rather than for his own medical malpractice. See Resp. 12–13. The Seventh Circuit applied the requirements of § 2-622 to claims for medical malpractice against a prison doctor who served as a prison's medical director in Sherrod v. Lingle, 223 F.3d 605 (7th Cir. 2000). The prisoner in that case received medical care from the director and three nurses for abdominal pain and other symptoms of what turned out to be appendicitis. See id. at 608–09. He attached a § 2-622(a) certificate to his complaint, but the district court found the certificate insufficient and dismissed his malpractice claim with 12 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 13 of 14 PageID #:281 prejudice. Id. at 613. The Seventh Circuit held that dismissing without leave to amend was an abuse of discretion. Id. at 613–14. It reasoned that the certificate at least approached the "borderline" of sufficiency and explained that "when the certificate was filed but failed in some technical or minor respect, sound discretion also requires [the court to give the plaintiff] an opportunity to amend." Id. at 614 (citing Apa v. Rotman, 680 N.E.2d 801, 804 (Ill. App. Ct. 1997)). So even if the court finds that a § 2-622(a) certificate is required for count six, McDonald must be given an opportunity to amend his complaint. Sherrod proves instructive because McDonald alternatively requests leave to add a § 2- 622(a) certificate to his complaint. See Resp. 12; Proposed certificate, ECF No. 36-1. The defendants reply that they intend to challenge the certificate's sufficiency if McDonald is allowed to file it. Reply 8 n.3, ECF No. 37. Sherrod teaches that if § 2-622 applies to count six, McDonald should receive leave to file his proposed certificate. The proposed certificate has the potential to moot the question of whether a § 2-622(a) certificate is required for count six, leaving the court on the horns of a dilemma. If the court later rules that § 2-622(a) did not require a certificate for count six, litigating the certificate's sufficiency will have been a waste of effort. If, on the other hand, McDonald's proposed certificate passes muster under § 2-622(a), determining whether it was required will have been unnecessary. Had McDonald not filed a proposed certificate, deciding whether one is required would be the first order of business. But since McDonald has already gone to the trouble of obtaining a certificate, litigating its sufficiency may yield a fringe benefit. The process may produce more specifics about what care McDonald contends he should have received— something that is at issue anyway in McDonald's Eighth Amendment claims. Cf. § 2-622(a)(1); 13 Case: 1:16-cv-05417 Document #: 53 Filed: 09/13/17 Page 14 of 14 PageID #:282 Sherrod, 203 F.3d at 614 (criticizing certificate as "not a model of specificity" and holding that district court should have granted leave to amend it). Because it is the option more likely to advance this litigation overall, the court will grant McDonald leave to amend his complaint to add his proposed certificate. Defendants may of course litigate the certificate's sufficiency, and if the certificate contains a technical defect, McDonald will get a chance to try to fix it, as Sherrod requires. If the amended certificatge still misses the mark under § 2-622(a), the court will return to the question of whether it was required. V. CONCLUSION For the reasons stated, defendants' motion to dismiss, ECF No. 33, is granted in part and denied in part. The court partially dismisses count three of the FAC, ECF No. 19, to the extent it alleges that Obaisi is liable under a theory of supervisory liability. The court also partially dismisses count seven to the extent it seeks to impose liability under § 1983 based on respondeat superior. McDonald may amend his complaint to attach his proposed § 2-622(a) certificate, ECF No. 36-1. The amended complaint is due on or before September 27, 2017. Date: September 13, 2017 /s/ Joan B. Gottschall United States District Judge 14


text:
Bruins land Kase by trading Backes, 1st-round pick to Ducks
by: JOHN WAWROW, Associated Press
Posted: Feb 21, 2020 / 11:01 AM PST / Updated: Feb 21, 2020 / 03:46 PM PST
Anaheim Ducks right wing Ondrej Kase (25), of the Czech Republic, and Carolina Hurricanes defenseman Haydn Fleury (4) chase the puck during the third period of an NHL hockey game in Raleigh, N.C., Friday, Jan. 17, 2020. Anaheim won 2-1 in overtime. (AP Photo/Gerry Broome)
David Backes no longer has to worry whether he'll get another shot at playing in the NHL.
The 35-year-old forward was freed from what Backes referred to as "purgatory" on Friday, when the Boston Bruins traded him to the Anaheim Ducks. In freeing up most of Backes' significant salary-cap hit, Boston also gave up a first-round draft pick and defensive prospect Axel Andersson to acquire forward Ondrej Kase.
The deal was completed three days before the NHL's trade deadline and marked the end of a monthlong stretch of uncertainty for Backes, which began with him declining to report to AHL Providence after being waived by the Bruins.
"It's been a roller coaster of, 'Am I just going to be dying a slow death here or is this something where I'm going to get another opportunity,'" Backes said during a conference call. "I was praying, actually praying, to get an opportunity where I could reassert myself and show that I still belong in the NHL."
Backes hasn't played since logging 8 1/2 minutes of ice time in Boston's 5-4 win over Winnipeg on Jan. 9. He's been off the ice for three weeks as part of an agreement he and Bruins reached to allow Backes to not have to report to the minors.
He expects it will take a week to get back into playing shape, and added: "I'm hoping to expedite that with that new energy I've got, the fire that I feel that's lit throughout my whole being."
A combination of injuries and being a healthy scratch led to Backes playing in just 16 games this season, scoring one goal and adding two assists. That's a considerable drop for a player who's topped 20 goals in six of his previous 13 seasons, the first 10 with St. Louis.
Backes is in the fourth year of a five-year, $30 million deal he signed with Boston in free agency. Boston also agreed to pick up 25% of the contract as part of the trade.
In Kase, the league-leading Bruins added a forward who filled various top- and secondary line roles during his first four seasons in Anaheim.
"Odrej is a young, solid player, been a significant producer while 5-on-5, has shown versatility to be able to adapt his game and complement different lines," Bruins general manager Don Sweeney said.
Kase has missed the past five games with flulike symptoms and won't join the Bruins until they return home after completing a four-game road swing at Calgary on Friday, and Vancouver on Saturday.
The 24-year-old from the Czech Republic has seven goals and 16 assists for 23 points in 49 games with the Ducks this season. Overall, he has 43 goals and 53 assists for 96 points in 198 career games with Anaheim.
He is in the second year of a three-year, $7.8 million contract.
Andersson was selected by Boston in the second round of the 2018 draft and has two goals and 22 points in 41 games with Moncton of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League.
As for Backes, Sweeney thanked the player and his agent for helping complete the deal. Backes waived his no-trade clause, which had included the Ducks.
Though his stint in Boston ended earlier than expected, Backes bore no ill will toward the Bruins.
"I am grateful for the opportunity that they gave me," Backes said, noting he appeared in his first Stanley Cup Final last year, when Boston lost to St. Louis in seven games.
From Minnesota, he is a two-time Olympian who finished with 39 goals and 94 points in 217 games with Boston.
Backes is now focused on helping the Ducks, who have spent this season rebuilding for the future.
"I'm coming at this with a full heart and ready to conquer and give everything I've got to each situation," he said.
"I don't know what the last chapter will be. Hopefully, it's on my own terms and a glorious moment in Anaheim," Backes added. "But it may not be, and I'm ready for that, too. But I'm grateful to have another opportunity."
More AP NHL: https://apnews.com/NHL and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports
MINNEAPOLIS (AP) — Liam Robbins had 22 points and eight rebounds in 22 minutes to lead No. 23 Minnesota to a 75-57 victory over No. 7 Michigan on Saturday, handing the Wolverines their first loss.
Marcus Carr scored 17 points and Gabe Kalscheur added 10 points for the Gophers (11-4, 4-4 Big Ten), who played their seventh straight game against an opponent ranked in the Associated Press poll. Minnesota never trailed, holding the best shooting team in the conference to a season-low score and a season-high 20 turnovers.


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text:
Q: Booting into Internet Recovery after erasing OS I'm in a situation that I put myself in accidentally. So I needed to erase the OS and put a new one using Internet Recovery, first steps I did well there's no more OS, next quest is to put the OS back in, using "Reinstall OS X" button. Here comes the problem, it says "You need to have internet connection to do it"(something like that). If I reboot the computer to connect the cable(I need to transport it to the other room), can I go back to Internet Recovery mode?
Thanks in advance.

A: Just connect it to a cable and re-enter the Recovery Mode (press cmd-R after power-on, see: Startup key combinations for Mac for boot keys); normally Recovery will now see a connection to the Internet – if not, do you have a DHCP server running on the router?


text:
Q: Deleting method with google API is not the same as deleting row manually in the web browser Google browser My issue is an aesthetic kinda issue.
I prepare some screenshoot to help my self to explain the problem
Here you can see in the first screen shoot, 3 rows & I would like my bot to delete the row in the middle, so I call my method .delete() to do so.
First screenshoot:

What happen next is that I can see in the google sheet history that the value got instead "replaced"

& the other cell value was deleted

so I concluded the row was actually Cleared & move up. Which I totally did not want to do that & it mess my google sheet history, it becomes unreadable, unorganised.

I would like it to behave like "delete row" that we find in the browser. Any help would much appreciated.
Here's the code I am using:
let rowCharacter = (await this.character.getRows()).concat(await this.lvl20.getRows())
let result = rowCharacter.filter(row =>  discordtag == row.Discord?.toLowerCase().replace(/\s+/,""))
await result.delete()


text:
Q: Multiple Spring WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter So I have multiple Controller classes exposing a number of endpoints in my service. One of these controllers is exposing endpoints used for webhooks. I want to expose all the endpoints in the webhooks Controller class and secure them with one WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter configuration and then all the other endpoints which stretch across a few other Controller classes be configured with a separate WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter configuration. The webhooks will be accessed by third party vendors and want them using a separate auth0 audience from the other endpoints which will be accessed internally. I have it setup now as follows but it doesn't seem to be working. In order for the two configurations to co-exist they need to have an @Order annotation assigned to their configure methods and these int values must be unique. But what is happening is all requests coming in seem to go to the Order(1) configuration first but are never making it to Order(2) if they are of the pattern described in my Order(2) config. Maybe that's not how it's supposed to work or maybe my implementation is incorrect. But when I pass in a request in a "/webhooks/" endpoint it always gives me a 401 error and then when I change that configuration to Order(1) it starts to work. And this behavior happens the other way as well. When I make the "/webhooks/" patter the first order I get a 401 for all the other requests because they are not making it to the next Order. Here is my code...
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig {

    @Configuration
    public static class ApiSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

        @Value("${auth0.api-audience}")
        private String audience;

        @Value("${spring.security.oauth2.resourceserver.jwt.issuer-uri}")
        private String issuer;

        @Override
        @Order(1)
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            http.authorizeRequests()
                    // in dev if you want to bypass auth you can change /ping to /*
                    .mvcMatchers(HttpMethod.GET, "/actuator/**", "/test").permitAll()
                    .mvcMatchers("/api/**")
                    .authenticated()
                    .and()
                    .cors()
                    .configurationSource(corsConfigurationSource())
                    .and()
                    .oauth2ResourceServer()
                    .jwt()
                    .decoder(jwtDecoder(audience, issuer));

            // disable cors and csrf when running locally
            if (getApplicationContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(Profiles.of("local"))) {
                http.cors().and().csrf().disable();
            }
        }

        static JwtDecoder jwtDecoder(String audience, String issuer) {
            OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> withAudience = new AudienceValidator(audience);
            OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> withBrand = new BrandValidator(audience);
            OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> withIssuer = JwtValidators.createDefaultWithIssuer(issuer);
            OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> validator = new DelegatingOAuth2TokenValidator<>(withAudience, withBrand, withIssuer);

            NimbusJwtDecoder jwtDecoder = JwtDecoders.fromOidcIssuerLocation(issuer);
            jwtDecoder.setJwtValidator(validator);
            return jwtDecoder;
        }

    }

    @Configuration
    @Order(2)
    public static class WebhookSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
        @Value("${auth0.webhook-audience}")
        private String audience;

        @Value("${spring.security.oauth2.resourceserver.jwt.issuer-uri}")
        private String issuer;

        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            http.authorizeRequests()
                    .mvcMatchers("/webhooks/**")
                    .authenticated()
                    .and()
                    .cors()
                    .configurationSource(corsConfigurationSource())
                    .and()
                    .oauth2ResourceServer()
                    .jwt()
                    .decoder(jwtDecoder(audience, issuer));

            // disable cors and csrf when running locally
            if (getApplicationContext().getEnvironment().acceptsProfiles(Profiles.of("local"))) {
                http.cors().and().csrf().disable();
            }
        }

        JwtDecoder jwtDecoder(String audience, String issuer) {
            OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> withAudience = new AudienceValidator(audience);
            OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> withIssuer = JwtValidators.createDefaultWithIssuer(issuer);
            OAuth2TokenValidator<Jwt> validator = new DelegatingOAuth2TokenValidator<>(withAudience, withIssuer);

            NimbusJwtDecoder jwtDecoder = JwtDecoders.fromOidcIssuerLocation(issuer);
            jwtDecoder.setJwtValidator(validator);
            return jwtDecoder;
        }
    }

    static CorsConfigurationSource corsConfigurationSource() {
        CorsConfiguration configuration = new CorsConfiguration();
        configuration.setAllowedMethods(List.of(
                HttpMethod.GET.name(),
                HttpMethod.PUT.name(),
                HttpMethod.POST.name(),
                HttpMethod.DELETE.name()
        ));

        UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
        source.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", configuration.applyPermitDefaultValues());
        return source;
    }

}

In addition to the behavior I am seeing I am also seeing on startup of the Spring application...
2022-04-18 16:42:00,616 INFO  org.springframework.security.web.DefaultSecurityFilterChain : Will not secure any request
2022-04-18 16:42:00,618 INFO  org.springframework.security.web.DefaultSecurityFilterChain : Will not secure any request