text:
The Apple Watch: The next big thing or living on borrowed time?
Watch out. Apple hopes to claim a new frontier… on your wrist.
The company announced its new Apple Watch on Tuesday, sending journalists and a bevy of other observers, online and off, into a flurry of analysis and speculation over a product that few have yet touched (and many won't until the product's projected launch date next year). Will the Apple Watch reinvent wearables the way the iPhone did smartphones? What do those inside the watch industry think of it?
For answers, we turned to Harvard Business School assistant professor Ryan Raffaelli, who studies the emergence and "re-emergence" of technologies, industries, and organizations. He has also conducted extensive research on the watch industry. Raffaelli weighs in below on everything from battery life to the Apple Watch's implications for the healthcare industry. HBS assistant director of communications Christian Camerota asks the questions.
For more on the Apple Watch, read Ryan Raffaelli's blog:
Why the Apple Watch Is a Gift to the Swiss Watch Industry
Do you think the Apple Watch will fundamentally change our lives in a similar way the iPhone and iPad did?
Ryan Raffaelli: We often define radical innovations as "competency- destroying," meaning that they render all related products and services in the same market category obsolete. While the Apple Watch is certainly the most advanced smartwatch on the market today, I'm not sure it fits the traditional definition of a "radical" innovation. For instance, it is unlikely the Apple Watch will have the same transformative effect on society as other life-changing innovations throughout history – think about the streamship's impact the sailing industry, how the personal computer ended the use of typewriters, or how electronic fuel injection systems replaced carburetors. It's probably more accurate to say the Apple Watch introduces several impressive "incremental innovations" that improve and combine various technologies that have been evolving in the wearables market over the past several years.
What is the greatest functional value the Apple Watch offers to the consumer?
RR: What Apple brings to the table is user integration within their existing ecosystem. In the same way that the iPhone did when it was first introduced, the Apple Watch integrates easily across their entire platform. For those who already own an iPhone or iPad, the Apple Watch is an exciting new product that can track biometric and personal data. Also think about how the Apple Watch can facilitate partnerships with the healthcare industry. It's hard to fully appreciate the implications, especially from a consumer health and wellness standpoint. It's where we know the healthcare industry is moving.
Apple has always been known for innovative design. Have they succeeded to do that with the Apple Watch?
Several of the watch CEOs I spoke to in Switzerland this week were surprised by the design of the Apple Watch. Many told me is it not as aesthetically pleasing or distinctive as they would have predicted from an Apple product. If you put the Apple Watch in a lineup of its competitors, some people might be hard-pressed – just on appearance, not function – to point out which one was the Apple device. That's somewhat surprising, given Apple's long and successful track record of design-inspired products and innovations.
What are some of the impediments to the Apple Watch's success going forward?
RR: My personal belief is that we will see many people buy the Apple Watch because they want to be tech-savvy. However, the Apple Watch is not a standalone device, since it's dependent on your iPhone. So I highly doubt Android users, for instance, will make the jump to the Apple ecosystem solely because of the Apple Watch. The switching costs are just too high.
Also, I think Apple will have some difficulty convincing people who wear cheaper fitness-type watches to make the switch to a smartwatch. What those watches offer that the Apple Watch doesn't – and these are critical components – are battery life, durability, and waterproofing. If you are used to wearing a fitness watch like a Timex or Polar, the fact that you can't wear it in the water is a drawback – something that hasn't been discussed much in the media. We also don't yet know how well it will hold up to abuse in the gym. Finally, the $350 asking price is still a considerable jump compared to other fitness-related watches.
However, if you're Fitbit or any of the other tracking and monitoring devices on the market today, you should be very concerned. The Apple Watch claims to render everything in these devices relatively obsolete. For $200 more than the price of a Fitbit, the consumer is getting a lot more functionality. And the market research on individuals who purchase these activity tracking devices suggests that most have the discretionary income to afford an Apple Watch.
Will the Apple Watch end up being a huge piece of Tim Cook's legacy? Is it an ornament on the Apple tree or one of the stars on top?
RR: I think they're hedging their bets at this point. It's too early to tell if this is an ornament at the top, but my general sense is that it's not. Betting on the Apple Watch as core to the company's innovation strategy would be a very risky move, especially given the immaturity and unproven nature of the wearables market.
Any closing thoughts?
RR: If you think about the traditional watch industry, Apple's competition is not the Swiss. (Why the Apple Watch Is a Gift to the Swiss Watch Industry) Since the 1990s, Swiss watch manufacturers have repositioned mechanical watches as status and luxury pieces that can sell for well over $10,000. The biggest hurdle for the Apple Watch will be whether there is enough demand for smartwatches in general. The wearables movement could reintroduce the idea of wearing a watch to a new generation of watch wearers who have grown up telling the time on their cell phones. But the true test of viability for the Apple Watch, and the wearables market more broadly, will be if others beyond the "Apple-faithful" will purchase the product. Only time will tell.
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ACCEPTED

#### According to
The Catalogue of Life, 3rd January 2011

#### Published in
Arch. Hydrobiol. , Suppl. 12: 627

#### Original name
null

### Remarks
null

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


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Q: OpenJPA CascadeType.DELETE causes Foreign Key constraint violation I am using OpenJPA (JPA 1.0) on WebLogic 10.0.x with Oracle. I have defined a OneToMany relationship as below:
@Entity
public class Compound implements Serializable {
    ...
    @OneToMany(mappedBy="compound", fetch=FetchType.LAZY, cascade=CascadeType.ALL)
    private List<Submission> submissions = new ArrayList<Submission>();
    ...
}

@Entity
public class Submission implements Serializable {
    ...
    @ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY, cascade=CascadeType.REFRESH)
    @JoinColumn(name="compoundId")
    private Compound compound;
    ...
}

When I delete a Compound entity all child Submission entities should be deleted also. This works as a general rule, except that I have a foreign key constraint setup on these tables:
ALTER TABLE SUBMISSION
ADD CONSTRAINT FK_SUBMISSION_COMPOUND
    FOREIGN KEY (COMPOUNDID)
    REFERENCES COMPOUND(COMPOUNDID);

Now when I attempt to delete the Compound entity I encounter the following exception:
ORA-02292: integrity constraint (HELC.FK_SUBMISSION_COMPOUND) violated - child record found {prepstmnt 3740 DELETE FROM Compound WHERE compoundId = ? [params=(long) 10384]} [code=2292, state=23000]"

The above exception implies that Open JPA is attempting to delete the parent prior to cascading the delete onto the child entities. I've read a few articles via Google about this exception, dating back to 2006. However, the most recent article suggests that this bug has been fixed?
http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/openjpa-dev/200609.mbox/%3C14156901.1158019042738.JavaMail.jira@brutus%3E
https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/OPENJPA-235
Can anyone suggest why this is not working and what I can do about it? I am loathe to manually delete the child entities, especially as this is one of the less-complicated relationships in my schema and whatever solution I use for this I will need to apply elsewhere.
Thanks
Jay

A:
When I delete a Compound entity all child Submission entities should
  be deleted also. This works as a general rule, except that I have a
  foreign key constraint setup on these tables:

If you can change the foreign key constraint, that should solve the problem as far as the database is concerned. I'm not sure how OpenJPA will behave here.
ALTER TABLE SUBMISSION
ADD CONSTRAINT FK_SUBMISSION_COMPOUND
    FOREIGN KEY (COMPOUNDID)
    REFERENCES COMPOUND(COMPOUNDID)
    ON DELETE CASCADE;

One thing - as discussed above this is Weblogic 10.0.x. I suspect we
  are using the bundled version of OpenJPA / Kodo, which is probably
  quite old...

My own feeling is that the bug you referred to should have been fixed by this version, but it's also a) close enough in time that it might not have been fixed, and b) potentially a big enough problem that I think you should spend some time verifying the version and fix.  (Actually, I just noticed that OpenJPA 1.0 was released on Aug 2007. That's a lot earlier than I thought, which makes it more likely you don't have the bug fix.)
If you can't modify the database (because it's a legacy system that clearly doesn't intend for clients to rely on cascading deletes), and if the bug isn't fixed in your version, you'll have to manage the order of SQL statements yourself.
The burden of manually managing SQL statements--which is one of the things that OpenJPA is supposed to do for you--might be enough to get management to either upgrade OpenJPA or to update the foreign key constraints in the database.
I really hope you get a better answer than this one.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


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text:
Everything You Need To Know About EquipHotel 2018
Everything You Need To Know About EquipHotel 2018 ⇒ EquipHotel 2018, one of the best design events, is returning for another incredible edition at Paris Expo Porte de Versailles from 11-15 November, where you'll have a chance to see a wide variety of new products, from furniture to food, to spa, bathroom, technology, and others as well as innovative techniques, inspirational spaces, news and trends for one to succeed in this industry.
EquipHotel 2018 is the best platform for hoteliers, chefs, restaurateurs, architects, decorators and investors to showcase their projects and establish business contacts. Today, Best Design Guides brings you some of the top features of the fair, as well as the best design attraction in Paris, the best interior design shops and luxury restaurants and hotels for you to stay in!
What To See At The Fair
EquipHotel 2018 will distinguish itself by introducing a stronger design hub (located in halls 2,3 and 4), in an effort to being more than a trade show and becoming a multi-specialised force. These brand-new and exclusive spaces are simply stunning and will allow visitors to fully explore all areas of hospitality and catering. Casa de Luz will take visitors on a motionless journey through Portuguese and French cuisine, imagined by Sandrine Alouf & Thierry Virvaire. In addition, the Signature Space, this time around will have a special focus on fabrics, carpets and wall-coverings and how one can create bespoke environments for hotels and restaurants. A dreamlike set design by Alnoor & Eric Lentulo will be one of the main exhibits to see.
EquipHotel's Wellness Centre will highlight a majestic design by Didier Knoll & Elodie Goddard, based on themes such as water, nature and well-being. Moreover, Fabrice Knoll will present the "Cosy Lazy", a unique bedroom project that pays homage to idleness and is a wonderful space where one can be connected only with nature. Another impressive feature will be the Interior Design Centre that will transform Pavilion 3 into an authentic and interactive Neo-Agora or marketplace.
If you are looking for the latest and most iconic lighting designs with a Mid-century modern twist, then you ought to visit DelightFull in Pav. 2.2, Stand A110, however, if you are currently searching for exquisite furniture designs, then Brabbu and LUXXU (a brand that also offers highly sophisticated lighting pieces) may be the right answer, both in Pav. 2.2, Stand C084.
Best Design Attractions In Paris
Galerie Kreo
Galerie Kreo specializes in limited-edition furnishings and objects created in collaboration with such blue-chip industry names as Marc Newson, Hella Jongerius, and Ronan and Erwan Bouroullec. The spare showroom reads like a museum of covetable living, with rotating exhibitions.
Address: 31, Rue Dauphine 75006 Paris
Les Docks – Cité de la Mode et du Design
This cultural centre on a massive scale is what 21st-century Parisian design, and living, is all about. These quayside warehouses were renovated between 2007 and 2012 and now house the Institut Français de la Mode, Paris' version of Central Saint Martins, Art Ludique – Le Musée, galleries, shops, restaurants, and nightclubs. It's also a popular venue for fashion shows and trade fairs, including Paris Design Week's 'Now! Le Off' section. There's no better way to finish the day than taking in the Paris skyline from its 1,600-square-meter terrace.
Address: 34, quai d'Austerlitz 75013 Paris
Galerie Patrick Seguin
Connoisseurs of 20th-century design need remember only one name when visiting the City of Light: Patrick Seguin. The world-renowned dealer's expertise in all things modern has drawn collectors such as Azzedine Alaïa, Peter Brant, and Ronald Lauder to his Jean Nouvel–designed showroom, a former warehouse in the Bastille district. Here, you'll find works by Jean Prouvé, Le Corbusier, and Charlotte Perriand, all presented through a roster of ever-changing exhibitions.
Address: 5 Rue des Taillandiers F-75011 Paris
Luxury Interior Design Shops In Paris
Few shopping destinations have achieved the cult status of Merci, the 16,000-square-foot concept store from the owners of the French children's clothing brand Bonpoint. Beyond a discreet courtyard in the Haut Marais, the reinvigorated 18th-century building on Boulevard Beaumarchais features a varied assortment of gifts for the design-inclined, from fashions by Isabel Marant and Yves Saint Laurent to metal bistro chairs by domestic furniture company Tolix—all arranged in an elegant concrete, wood, and steel setting.
Address: 111 Boulevard Beaumarchais, 75003 Paris
India Mahdavi
The eclectic furnishings on display at India Mahdavi's showroom and neighbouring boutique inspire wanderlust at every turn—fitting given the Iranian-born interior designer's peripatetic background. Colourful cane-backed folding chairs, pattern-woven baskets, and tessellated cement tiles make ideal souvenirs for those who can't carry away the Murano-glass lamps and accent tables.
Address: 3 Rue las Cases, 75007 Paris
Muriel Grateau
Within walking distance of the Musée d'Orsay, Muriel Grateau's stark white showroom is like a museum itself, only in place of staid portraits and landscapes is a rainbow-hued range of minimalist porcelain place settings in more than 100 colours. The former fashion designer—who has collaborated with decorators such as Thierry Despont and Axel Vervoordt—also creates quartz and onyx Bijoux and leather accessories, which are displayed in the back of the shop.
Address: 37 Rue de Beaune, 75007 Paris
Luxury Restaurants In Paris
Alain Ducasse au Plaza Athénée
Image Source: Dorchester Collection
Alain Ducasse au Plaza Athénée is one of the finest and most sought-after fine dining venues in the world. Alain Ducasse represents the naturalness cuisine, inspired by the fish-vegetables-cereals trilogy. Healthier and more natural, more respectful of the Planet, it delivers a free and nearly instinctive interpretation of Haute Cuisine, revealing the produces' original flavour, from the noble to the humble, all exceptional.
Address: 25 Avenue Montaigne, 75008 Paris, France
Guy Savoy Restaurant
Image Source: Guy Savoy
Situated at the Monnaie de Paris, on the Left Bank of the adored Seine River, Restaurant Guy Savoy is considered to be one of the greatest restaurants of our time. The menu provides a wide variety of scrumptious meals and fine French cuisine, including the distinguished artichoke soup with black truffle and layered mushroom brioche or the deliciously roasted lobster with coral lentils and Verre Breton. The decor of the restaurant is highlighted by contemporary elegance and an artistic character.
Address: Monnaie de Paris, 11 Quai de Conti, 75006 Paris
Alléno Paris au Pavillon Ledoyen
Image Source: via Michelin
Since July 2014, Yannick Alléno has been using the skills he learned from some of the world's greatest chefs and the modernity of his approach to bringing new life to classical French cuisine in one of the most historic Parisian locations. Alléno Paris au Pavillon Ledoyen, renowned since 1792 and located on the Champs-Élysées since 1842, is a unique and special place: a chef's home, Yannick Alléno's home.
Address: 8 Avenue Dutuit, 75008 Paris
Mandarin Oriental Paris
Image Source: Mandarin Oriental Paris
Located in Paris city centre, Mandarin Oriental Paris is a 1930s palace hotel located in a historic building from that time. It offers an indoor landscaped garden, a 900m² spa area and a 2 Michelin stars gourmet restaurant. It boasts a minimalist décor inspired by haute couture and renowned fashion houses. Set on two levels, the spa and wellness centre is complete with an indoor pool, a steam room and spa suites with private steam shower and changing room.
Address: 251 Rue Saint Honoré, 75001 Paris, France
Saint James Paris
Image Source: Saint James Paris
The neoclassical-styled Saint James Paris was built in the 19th century and is regarded as one of the best hotels in Paris. Its "crazy-chic" described interiors were imagined by Bambi Sloan. The hotel is comprised of 49 suites, an extremely exclusive Saint James Club, a fine dining restaurant led by the extraordinary skills of chef Jean-Luc Rocha, the Spa Guerlain, and plenty of other sophisticated spaces for one to enjoy and relax.
Address: 5 Place du Chancelier Adenauer, 75116 Paris, France
Shangri-La Paris
Image Source: Shangri-La Paris
A former residence of Prince Roland Bonaparte and listed in the French "Monuments Historiques", Shangri-La Hotel Paris is a palace hotel located across the Seine and facing the Eiffel Tower. It reflects both Asian hospitality and French art de vivre. The hotel has 3 restaurants, two of which have a Michelin star. An indoor pool and a spa are also featured. Shangri-La Hotel Paris offers wellness and leisure services which include an indoor swimming pool and fitness room bathed with natural daylight.
Address: 10 Avenue d'Iéna, 75116 Paris, France
Source: CovetED
See Also: BHDM Presents an Amazing Rooftop Bar Overlooking Midtown Manhattan
See Also: Discover The Best Pied-À-Terre Inspirations For Your Next Renovations
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Tags: best design attraction in Paris, best design events, best interior design shops in Paris, Eiffel Tower, EquipHotel 2018, gourmet restaurant, luxury hotels in Paris, luxury restaurants in Paris, Michelin star, minimalist decor
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redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


A journalist at heart, Gretchen Lord Anderson's spiritual leadership surprises even herself when it creeps into her writing. Born and raised in St. Joseph, Missouri (a wonderful place to grow up!), Gretchen has lived in Missouri, Nebraska, South Dakota and, now, in Wisconsin. She is married to Terry Anderson and they have three feline members of their family: Marvis, Joe, and Fern (and they give tribute to past members Lars, Walt, George, and Gracie).


text:
By Jason Mercier / June 26, 2012
Judge: "You're Telling Me a Court in this State Has No Right to Look Into Whether the Legislature Followed the Law?"
If the fact a Judge had to ask this question is troubling to you, the response by the state won't…
If the fact a Judge had to ask this question is troubling to you, the response by the state won't make you feel any better. As reported by the Tri-City Herald on yesterday's roll-your-own cigarette tax hearing (emphasis added):
"Roll-your-own cigarettes won't be hit with a 15-cent tax in Washington when the new law takes effect Sunday, ruled Franklin County Superior Court Judge Bruce Spanner.
The judge granted a preliminary injunction Monday after a hearing in Pasco where plaintiffs claimed the tax violated state law.
Spanner disagreed with state attorney David Hankins, who argued that the court had no right to question why the new tax didn't have two-thirds approval of the Legislature.
The injunction will take effect when a $200,000 bond or security is posted, Spanner said.
Seattle attorney Chris Weiss said he expects the security will be posted before July . . .
Weiss noted that HB2565 was in response to the Department of Revenue's position that it did not have the authority to tax roll-your-own cigarettes under the existing law.
Hankins argued it wasn't a new tax because the tax rate on cigarettes remains the same, and that prepackaged and roll-your-own cigarettes look the same. He held up examples to show the court.
Hankins said the judge had no authority to examine the procedures of the Legislature in approving the cigarette tax, even if it was a work-around on the two-thirds majority requirement.
'You're telling me a court in this state has no right to look into whether the Legislature followed the law?' Spanner asked.
'Yes, if it is a procedural issue,' Hankins replied.
Weiss said the governor's strong support for the tax did not give her 'the right to override 1053.'
Spanner said he has the right to scrutinize what the Legislature has signed off on.
'It's what we're doing here,' the judge said."
In its brief defending HB 2565 the Attorney General's Office appeared to argue that even if the roll-your-own cigarette tax was indeed a new tax the supermajority requirement wasn't binding on the Legislature:
"Even if this Court were to conclude that the Cigarette Machine Legislation raises taxes for purposes of RCW 43.135.034, the statutory two-thirds vote requirement cannot, by itself, invalidate the Cigarette Machine Legislation . . .
The Court's holding in Farm Bureau was explicit: a prior statute (whether enacted by the Legislature or by initiative) cannot prospectively invalidate a later statute. Therefore, RCW 43.135.034 cannot itself prospectively invalidate the Cigarette Machine Legislation."
Here is an official statement by the Attorney General's Office in response to yesterday's court action:
"Today in Benton County Superior Court, Judge Bruce Spanner granted the plaintiffs a preliminary injunction, while this case moves forward, to stop the Department of Revenue from collecting taxes on cigarettes produced by cigarette-making machines. The judge believes that the Legislature would have had to comply with the two-thirds majority requirement for tax increases in order to enforce and collect taxes from 'roll your own' cigarette machines. We argue that the cigarette machine legislation did not impose a new tax but rather provided a new method of collecting an existing cigarette tax previously uncollected because the state lacked an effective means of collecting it. The law would have taken effect on July 1, allowing the state to more effectively collect approximately $137,000 a day in cigarette taxes due. Regarding a potential appeal, we will speak to our clients about our options."
At this time it is unclear what the next steps will be for this case. Meanwhile the state is requesting the Supreme Court stay an earlier King County Superior Court decision on the constitutionality of the 2/3 requirement:
"The State is seeking direct review by the Washington Supreme Court and has filed a motion seeking a stay of the superior court ruling. The Supreme Court Commissioner denied the State's motion for a stay but referred the motion to the full Court which will consider the motion on July 11."
Ultimately voters should be provided the final say on whether 18 years of state policy and repeated voter support of the requirement to secure a supermajority vote to raise taxes should remain on the books. This is why lawmakers should provide voters the opportunity to consider a constitutional amendment to help end this debate once and for all.
Are laws binding on the Legislature?
One way or another Supreme Court will eventually rule on 2/3 for taxes
[Reprinted with permission from the Washington Policy Center blog]
Categories: Washington
Jason Mercier
Jason Mercier is Director of the Center for Government Reform at Washington Policy Center. He serves on the Executive Committee of the American Legislative Exchange Council's Tax and Fiscal Policy Task Force and is the private sector chairman of ALEC's Fiscal Federalism Working Group. He is a contributing editor of the Heartland Institute's Budget & Tax News, a columnist for SeattlePostGlobe.org, serves on the board of the Washington Coalition for Open Government, and was an advisor to the 2002 Washington State Tax Structure Committee. In June 2010, Governor Gregoire appointed Jason as WPC's representative on her Fiscal Responsibility and Reform Panel. Jason holds a Bachelor's degree in Political Science from Washington State University.


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Home > Journals > Mountain Research and Development > Volume 24 > Issue 1 > Article
1 February 2004 Managing Debris Flow Risks
Markus Zimmermann*
*Markus Zimmermann Riedstrasse 5, 3600 Thun, Switzerland. mn.z@gmx.chMarkus Zimmermann is a geomorphologist specializing on natural disaster reduction, with experience in Switzerland and overseas. He works as a consultant for the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC), United Nations agencies, and other organizations.
Mountain Research and Development, 24(1):19-23 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1659/0276-4741(2004)024[0019:MDFR]2.0.CO;2
The events of 1999
Management of recent disasters
Past events: a key to current risks?
Long-term solutions at the village level
Land use planning:
Structural measures:
Emergency planning:
Concerns and constraints
Debris flows represent a widespread threat to villages and small towns in the Swiss Alps. For many centuries people "managed" such risks by trying to avoid hazardous areas. However, major debris flow and flood events in the last 25 years have revealed that the degree of freedom to engage in this type of risk management has substantially decreased. This became especially evident during the 1999 disasters in a number of places in Switzerland. The winter of that year was unusually wet. In February heavy snowfall triggered destructive avalanches. In May high temperatures caused heavy snowmelt, with excessive rainfall contributing more water to the already saturated soils. Landslides, debris flows and floods were triggered in many locations, including Sörenberg. Hazard prevention and disaster management have a long tradition in Switzerland, although an integrated approach to risk management is rather new. Only in recent years have methods and tools been developed to assess hazards, define protection goals, and implement disaster reduction measures. The case of Sörenberg serves as an example of how today's approaches to disaster reduction are implemented at the local level.
Sörenberg is a typical small tourist resort located on the periphery of the Swiss Alps in Central Switzerland (Figure 1). The village has developed only during the last 40 years; prior to that, it was known as a spa. Today, about 800 housing units—mainly secondary homes (chalets and tourist apartments)—are situated on old debris flow deposits. In addition, a number of sports and leisure facilities have been constructed in recent years. The slopes above the village belong to a large (15 million m3) and deep-seated (100 m) landslide complex (sagging or rock flow). Signs of instability in this area have been apparent since the mid 19th century or even earlier.
On 14 May 1999 this landslide complex showed increased activity, as was the case in many other landslide areas of Switzerland. Approximately 250,000 m3 of rock detached from the main mass. This collapse is presumed to have been triggered by the accumulation of snowmelt from March to May, as well as by 30 mm of rainfall on 14 May. Debris flows, originating in the freshly deposited soils, developed and traveled downhill for days, weeks and months following 14 May. All flows followed the course of a small creek and arrived in an open space between 2 village districts 150 m in width (housing lots not yet occupied). Surprisingly, no avulsion occurred on the debris flow fan. Hence damage in the densely populated village districts was rather limited.
These events took the municipal authorities completely by surprise. They immediately established a number of emergency measures to protect inhabitants, prepare for further debris flows, and generally manage the crisis, including:
Establishment of a crisis management committee with a crisis management center for overall coordination;
Formulation of evacuation plans for approximately 100 houses. Special consideration had to be given to frequent tourist turnover in the chalets;
Visual monitoring of the zone where the debris flow originated: volunteers (mainly elderly persons living in the village) were asked to observe conditions in the headwaters;
Installation of wire sensors in two locations to detect debris flows;
Regular geodetic survey of the large moving rock mass (every 2 to 3 months);
Installation of a continuously recording rain gauge in the headwaters;
Implementation of small-scale structural measures such as dams, channel excavation, etc.
Due to ongoing debris flow activity—nearly every minor rainfall event was followed by a debris flow—the above-mentioned measures remained effective throughout the year. After initial assessment of the situation, it was decided to perform an in-depth analysis of the conditions, establish a hazard map, and propose long-term solutions for the protection of the village and its inhabitants.
Analysis of past events makes an important contribution to the understanding of present and future hazards in a particular location. A number of historic documents such as maps (Figure 2), postcards or photographs, as well as a detailed description of the 1910 events by the famous geologist Albert Heim, provided the necessary information to reconstruct the sequence of landslide events in the 20th century. Between 1860 and 1910 the entire complex shifted downhill by more than 30 m in a large vertical movement. In 1910 another large vertical movement occurred, lasting several days and causing 2 major lateral collapses and massive debris flows of over 3 million m3. Throughout the rest of the 20th century development was irregular. Several lateral and frontal collapses occurred in 1912, 1922, and 1986, with 6 decades of geomorphic inactivity in between.
At the beginning of the 20th century the area now occupied by the village was used as grazing land. The map (Figure 2) indicates that the existing few houses in Sörenberg were arranged around the church in a safe place. Within the accumulation area of the 1910, 1912 and 1922 debris flows, only a very few isolated houses were destroyed.
Sörenberg's development into the tourist resort that it is today took place only over the past 30 to 40 years. The 1918 map (Figure 2) clearly shows that at that time only very few buildings were located in what was once a highly active accumulation area. Today this area is completely covered by houses (Figure 3). The long period of geomorphic inactivity following the events of 1922 was interpreted as a sign of future security. An analysis by experts in 1974 proved that there was no immediate threat, but did not altogether exclude the possibility of damaging events. An indication of the uncertainty of the situation was provided by displacement measurements begun in 1978. These clearly show that the whole mass is continuously moving about 3 to 10 cm per year. The speed of this movement increased dramatically in 1999 but has slowed down again since.
Secondary processes caused by primary movement occur only after relatively long intervals. It can be concluded that Sörenberg remains at risk. The risk of further collapses and subsequent flows must be taken into account, even though conditions above the village are currently calm. However, it is assumed that large-scale events such as the ones in 1910 are no longer possible. These facts were considered in the hazard map that was prepared in 2001 (Figure 4A).
The first step towards definition of protective measures is a thorough investigation of all hazards and the creation of a hazard map. In Switzerland, such maps are based on definite probability and magnitude classes. Under present conditions, most of the village is within red and blue hazard zones (Figure 4A), ie those subject to a high or moderate risk, respectively. This constitutes a de facto ban on future economic development of the village: construction of new houses and major changes to existing houses are normally not permitted within the red zone. This, of course, was not acceptable to the municipal authorities. Solutions had to be found that would guarantee the safety of the population while at the same time allowing moderate development of the village.
According to the municipal authorities, structural protection measures need to be implemented in order to "reduce the colors" on the hazard map. Cantonal authorities, on the other hand, call for an integrated approach to risk and disaster reduction. To them it is obvious that the principal hazards cannot be completely eliminated. In the case of Sörenberg the following protection goals were defined for events at different intervals:
Once every 30 years: damage not acceptable;
Once a century: limited degree of damage acceptable;
Once every 300 years: limited protection for assets provided;
Casualties are not acceptable for any type of event.
A number of structural and non-structural measures were planned between 2001 and 2003 with these protection goals in mind. They are currently being discussed among local, cantonal and federal authorities. The local population has been informed through public hearings and publication of the various projects. Residents have the right to make objections. The measures include:
A set of regulations in the local land use plan and building code defines what is possible in red, blue and yellow zones. These regulations should curb further increase of vulnerability (see Table 1 and Figure 4B).
In addition to village regulations, plans call for a complete ban on grazing throughout the landslide-prone area as well as an increase in forest cover.
Municipal and cantonal authorities established a hazard map for the whole area in order to show whether adjacent areas are more suitable for village development. Unfortunately, there are only a few places that are appropriate as housing lots.
People argued that the primary process should be stopped. Geophysical investigations showed, however, that control of the water table in this extremely fractured and fast-moving mass is hardly possible;
A number of (reasonable) structural protection measures (Figure 4B, green markings) are planned to reduce the risks to a bearable level. But even with these protection measures, some parts of the village remain in the red danger zone. Owing to financial constraints, the state would like to minimize these measures. The local authorities, on the other hand, have an interest in reducing the red zone as much as possible. Costs of about CHF 14 million (US$ 10 million) will be shared by the canton and the municipality, with heavy subsidies from the federal government. Home owners may also make contributions.
Public safety cannot be fully guaranteed by structural measures. Emergency measures should provide additional risk reduction:
Long-term monitoring: regular displacement measurements (every half year) and continuous rainfall (threshold values for rainfall exist) are used for early warning;
Short-term observation: visual observation in case of increased instability (as successfully implemented in 1999); wire sensors to detect ongoing debris flow activity and instantaneous rainfall intensity provide information to alarm and evacuate people.
This set of measures should guarantee the safety of the population and existing assets. It also should guarantee further development of the village in areas where this is suitable.
Design of structural measures was accomplished in autumn 2003 and the public had a chance to react to the project. Land use plans and the building code now need to be approved in a referendum (2004). Current expert opinion clearly differs from public opinion, at least among part of the population. The reasons are manifold:
There are still major uncertainties about natural processes, even after detailed investigations. A new event (similar to that of 1999 or even bigger) could occur within the next year. On the other hand, the next 20 or 30 years could also remain calm. It is important to communicate these uncertainties to local authorities and residents. Moreover, such uncertainties increase when environmental change is considered.
People have a hard time understanding probabilities of 0.03, 0.01 or even less. For most people, the next 10 to 20 years are a relevant time frame. An event that occurs statistically once in 100 years is something very abstract.
The movements of the entire mass have slowed in the last 2 years. In the popular mind, this is a sign of improvement.
Public safety is guaranteed by a set of measures. Whereas land use regulations and structural measures have a permanent effect, preparedness measures require awareness over years or even decades. It is doubtful that such awareness can be maintained for infrequent events.
Enforcement of land use regulations (particularly in the red zone) will become increasingly difficult if no events, even small-scale debris flows, occur in the coming years.
Centuries ago people tried to manage natural risks by avoiding endangered zones. Nowadays this strategy is no longer possible. Most of the safe places are taken. Other measures are required to reduce the prevailing risks and enable further development. The Swiss strategy takes an integrated approach in which structural and non-structural measures are balanced and together contribute to public safety and protection of assets. Preferences vary, depending on point of view (home owners and municipal, cantonal or federal authorities).
Structural measures in Sörenberg will protect existing assets to a certain degree and enable further development. However, parts of the village will have relatively strict restrictions prohibiting the construction of new buildings. Well-functioning preparedness measures also contribute to safety. This requires a certain level of awareness over years or decades. If the mountain continues to move and small debris flows occur occasionally, it will be easier to maintain this awareness and to enforce land use regulations.
The author is indebted to Markus Liniger (Geotest), Karl Grunder (Oeko-Be), and Gabi Hunziker (Geo7) for fruitful discussions during work carried out at Sörenberg. Rene Graf, Bruno Schmid, Walter Baumann, Theo Schnider and other local authorities (canton, municipality) were very appreciative customers and interested discussion partners. Ursina Holliger contributed highly valuable information from her thesis.
FOWG [Swiss Federal Office for Water and Geology], SDC [Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation] Google Scholar
2001. Flood Protection in Switzerland: Strategy 2001. Berne, Switzerland: FOWG and SDC. See also the following document: www.bwg.admin.ch/themen/natur/e/pdf/wlhwsfg.pdf. Google Scholar
R. Dikau, D. Brunsden, L. Schrott, and M-L. Ibsen . editors. 1996. Landslide Recognition. Chichester: Wiley. Google Scholar
C. Hegg, A. Badoux, C. Graf, and G. Röthlisberger . 2000. Unwetterschäden in der Schweiz im Jahre 1999. wasser energie luft 92 (3/4): 59–68. Google Scholar
A. Heim 1932. Bergsturz und Menschenleben. Zurich, Switzerland: Fretz und Wasmuth. Google Scholar
M. Zimmermann, P. Mani, and H. Romang . 1997. Magnitude-frequency aspects of Alpine debris flows. Eclogae geologicae Helvetiae 90:415–420. Google Scholar
The tourist resort of Sörenberg, located in the Entlebuch Biosphere Reserve, Central Switzerland. The village is located at the foot of a deep-seated landslide complex. The bright surfaces mark the geomorphological zones active in 1999. (Photo by author)
1918 topographic map, showing the open scars on either side of the mass and the typical accumulation features developed in 1910 and 1912. The few houses with the church (at the center of the village) are located in a safe place. (Map reproduced by permission of Bundesamt für Landestopographie, BA024084)
1993 topographic map, showing how the village has developed in the past 30 years in the area where debris flow formerly accumulated. (Map reproduced by permission of Bundesamt für Landestopographie, BA024084)
FIGURE 4, A AND B Hazard map for Sörenberg. Top (A) before, and bottom (B) after the implementation of the planned structural measures. Red: high degree of hazard; blue: moderate degree of hazard; yellow: low degree of hazard; yellow-white: hazards with a very low probability of occurrence; green: planned structural measures. (Maps reproduced by permission of swisstopo, BA035840)
Overview of hazard zones and building restrictions in Sörenberg.
Markus Zimmermann "Managing Debris Flow Risks," Mountain Research and Development 24(1), 19-23, (1 February 2004). https://doi.org/10.1659/0276-4741(2004)024[0019:MDFR]2.0.CO;2
Published: 1 February 2004
Mountain Research and Development
Markus Zimmermann "Managing Debris Flow Risks," Mountain Research and Development, 24(1), 19-23, (1 February 2004)


LOVELAND, COLO. - August 7, 2015 - KENT Systems, a Colorado-based designer and manufacturer of plastic components, has expanded its product line to include a 250mL media bag. The Mini Media Bag is a variation of the standard 500 mL media bags offered at KENT Systems and aims to meet the ever expanding needs of their customers.
The Mini Media Bag is available in both metalized and their standard clear films, allowing for added variety for consumers. Unique to the Mini Media Bags are the pre-determined pleats in the bag material. The pleating directs liquid flow and reduces sharp edges, helping to maintain the quality of the structure and maintains the integrity of the chemicals inside the bag. Due to the smaller size, the Mini Media Bags will be available at a lower price point through KENT Systems.
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KENT Systems is dedicated to designing, manufacturing, and distributing quality Quick Couplings, Tube Fittings, Medical Luers, and Media Bags to provide a complete system for fluid transfer needs. Founded in 2001 and owned by Lyle and Linda Sampson, KENT Systems believes in helping customers get more from their fluid systems while keeping all production in the USA, manufacturing in its Class 7 Cleanroom right in the heart of Loveland, Colorado. With the advanced knowledge, passion, and experience going into designing its products, KENT Systems promises an excellent product and outstanding customer service. For more information about KENT Systems, visit www.KentSystems.com.


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Given Their Hardest Test Yet, Kentucky Teachers Begin Fighting Off COVID-19 with a Vaccine
By Lisa Autry • Jan 15, 2021
Lisa Autry
Some Kentucky teachers are rolling up their sleeves for the COVID-19 vaccine, and doing so ahead of schedule.
The state's rollout for school employees wasn't scheduled to begin until late Jaunary or early February, but some communities have enough vaccine to let educators and support staff jump to the front of the line.
While the state is still rolling out the vaccine to health care workers and long-term care residents, some counties have moved on to the state's next phase, which includes educators and all school staff such custodians, bus drivers, and cafeteria workers.
School personnel from Warren and Simpson counties are now getting the vaccine by appointment only at a mass distribution clinic operated by The Medical Center in Bowling Green.
Lori Dubree, the school nurse at Lost River Elementary, this week checked in at the Health Sciences Complex on the Medical Center campus where vaccinations are taking place.
WKU Offers Employee Buyouts to Adjust Operating Budget
By Rhonda Miller • Jan 13, 2021
Western Kentucky University has announced a program aimed at buying out certain workers who want to end their employment. The goal is to adjust the school's operating budget.
In an email sent to faculty and staff Wednesday, WKU executives said the Voluntary Separation Incentive Program is to "make appropriate workforce adjustments and create opportunities for organizational renewal and invention."
WKU leaders said the incentives for separation or retirement are a result of "the COVID-19 pandemic, declining state support, enrollment changes and other evolving dynamics affecting higher education."
Owensboro Students Return to In-Person Classes This Week
Facebook/Owensboro Public Schools
Owensboro Public Schools will return to a hybrid schedule with in-person classes beginning Thursday, as school districts across Kentucky continue to adapt during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Owensboro Public Schools will have students in the "A" group attend in-person on Monday and Tuesday. Students in the "B" group will be in the classroom Thursday and Friday. Wednesday is an intervention day for students who need extra help.
Owensboro Public Schools Superintendent Matthew Constant said the current schedule can change, depending on the number of COVID-19 cases.
Kentucky Lawmakers Return Tuesday For Unusual Legislative Session
Kentucky lawmakers will return to Frankfort on Tuesday for an unusual legislative session in the middle of the coronavirus pandemic.
Unlike most years when committee rooms and galleries can be packed with advocates, lobbyists and other interested parties, access to the Capitol will be limited, though many proceedings can still be accessed on KET's website.
Legislators will be faced with weighty issues: they'll need to pass a one-year budget amid uncertainties about how much money the state will bring in, respond to the coronavirus pandemic and Republican leaders say they want to strip Democratic Gov. Andy Beshear of his power to respond to the pandemic.
Beshear has said he wants to find new revenue sources for the state during the economic crisis—including initiatives like sports betting and medical marijuana, which have gotten limited support in previous years.
Gov. Lee Calls Special Session On Education As Tennessee Schools Suffer From The Pandemic
By Blake Farmer • Dec 30, 2020
Office of Gov. Bill Lee
Gov. Bill Lee is calling a special session of the legislature to address urgent education issues related to the pandemic.
In an announcement released Tuesday, Lee says that the state expects proficiency in math and English test scores to drop by more than half. In a special session, he says the legislature will equip teachers and school districts with "resources and supports" needed to combat learning loss.
It's unclear what that will mean in practical terms, though the governor's office says the bills will address funding, teacher and district accountability for test scores, literacy and teacher pay.
Edmonson County Schools Ready for Jan. 4 Virtual Only and Hybrid the Next Week
Edmonson County Schools
Students in Kentucky, and across the nation, are riding a roller coaster of in-person and virtual learning created by the pandemic.
The superintendent of Edmonson County Schools said his district is ready for the Jan. 4 reopening and changes scheduled to happen one week after that.
Edmonson County students will begin school on Jan. 4 with all remote instruction.
That's in line with the governor's recommendation in case of a spike in COVID-19 cases after the holidays.
Starting Jan.11, the district will return to the staggered schedule of in-person classes two days a week, for those who choose to be at school, and virtual learning the other days.
Beshear Signs Executive Order Making Health Guidelines Mandatory For Schools
By Jess Clark • Dec 20, 2020
flickr/Emory Maiden
Gov. Andy Beshear has signed a new executive order making certain health and safety guidelines mandatory for schools returning to in-person classes on Jan. 4. Beshear announced these measures on Monday. His order gives them the force of law.
The order makes a portion of the "Healthy At School" guidelines mandatory. Previously these had only been recommendations. The document, created by the Department of Public Health and the Kentucky Department of Education, is divided into "expectations" and "best practices." The "expectations" become mandatory under Beshear's order. These guidelines are mostly around mask-wearing, social distancing and cleaning.
Many of the expectations are flexible. For example, desks only have to be spaced 6 feet apart, if possible.
SCOTUS Denies Cameron's Request To Block Beshear's School Order
Gov. Andy Beshear's executive order halting in-person classes will remain in effect, after the U.S. Supreme Court decided Thursday not to take up Kentucky Attorney General Daniel Cameron's challenge against the order on grounds it violates religious freedom.
"Under all of the circumstances, especially the timing and the impending expiration of the Order, we deny the application without prejudice," the justices wrote in a Thursday opinion.
The justices note that Beshear's order will expire soon. But they leave open the possibility the suit could be brought again, if, for example, Beshear renews his executive order.
Justices Samuel Alito and Neil Gorsuch dissented.
Bowling Green Schools Reach Out to Students Who Drift Away from Virtual Learning
Facebook/Bowling Green Independent Schools
Educators across Kentucky, and the nation, are facing the challenge of keeping students engaged during virtual learning.
The Bowling Green Independent School District has staff members who reach out to make sure students stay connected during the pandemic.
"We have a lot of adults who are going out in the community every day, knocking on doors, tracking down students and families and trying to figure out where they're living and why they're not participating in virtual learning," said Gary Fields, superintendent of the Bowling Green School District.
Kentucky Announces New Committee On Education
By Jess Clark • Dec 3, 2020
Thomas Galvez/Creative Commons
The state is creating a new committee called the Commonwealth Education Continuum to address gaps in the education system from pre-K to college.
Gov. Andy Beshear said Thursday it will bring together 27 people with expertise in early childhood education, K-12 education, higher education and workforce development. Beshear said the goal is to bridge gaps between them.
"One agency alone cannot tackle the many issues facing public education," he said.
The committee will be led by Lt. Gov. Jacqueline Coleman, President of the Council on Postsecondary Education Aaron Thompson and Education Commissioner Jason Glass.
"It really is a matter of taking what we have and all of the parts that exist across Kentucky of folks who are committed to public education and bringing us together so that we can all work together in a much more efficient way," Coleman said.
Court of Appeals Sides With Beshear, Private Religious Schools Closed To In-Person Instruction
By Jess Clark • Nov 29, 2020
Private religious K-12 schools will be expected to close Monday, along with public ones, under a ruling from the U.S Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals handed down on Sunday. The panel of judges overturned a lower court decision that blocked Beshear's executive order from affecting private religious schools.
The appellate court ruling overturns a prior ruling from U.S. District Court judge Gregory Van Tatenhove that had found Beshear's order impinged on First Amendment rights to religious freedom. Van Tatenhove had sided with Danville Christian Academy and Kentucky Attorney General Daniel Cameron in their request for a preliminary injunction blocking the order from impacting private religious schools.
In the Sunday ruling, the appellate court disagreed, on the grounds that the order did not specifically target religious schools.
Governor Appeals Federal Ruling On Remote Instruction Order
By Kate Howard • Nov 27, 2020
Gov. Andy Beshear has appealed a federal court's decision that he can't order religious schools to close as a coronavirus precaution.
Attorneys for the state on Thursday asked the U.S. Court of Appeals for an emergency stay stopping the injunction granted by U.S. District Court Judge Gregory Van Tatenhove on Wednesday. The judge agreed with Danville Christian Academy and Kentucky Attorney General Daniel Cameron, saying Beshear overstepped when he included religious schools in his order that schools statewide stop in-person instruction for three weeks.
Van Tatenhove expanded the injunction from Danville Christian Academy to all private religious schools in the state. The battle comes as coronavirus cases are at an all-time high, and increasing exponentially.
Some School Leaders Disappointed In Order Closing Schools, Others Relieved
Owensboro Public Schools
Gov. Andy Beshear's executive order closing schools to in-person learning next week is drawing mixed reactions from school leaders around the state.
The Kentucky Education Association (KEA) praised Gov. Beshear's decision to close all public and private schools starting Nov. 23, calling it "a step that will save lives."
Meanwhile, Kentucky Association of School Superintendents (KASS) Executive Director Jim Flynn said opinions vary among the state's 170-plus district leaders.
"There are some that are relieved of this, and then I know there are some that are disappointed," Flynn said.
Chief Equity Officer at KY Education Dept. Says Students Need to See Themselves in Their Curriculum
By Colin Jackson • Nov 16, 2020
The Kentucky Department of Education's first ever chief equity officer has experience with adversity, segregation, and public schooling.
The Arkansas native and nationally honored former school superintendent, Dr. Thomas Woods-Tucker, plans on taking those lessons with him to the Bluegrass State.
The Kentucky Board of Education issued a resolution in July declaring its commitment to addressing inequality. It was a move that helped convince Woods-Tucker to take the position.
During a conversation this month WKU Public Radio, just days after starting the job, Deputy Commissioner Woods-Tucker said few other states have taken that step.
An interview with KDE Chief Equity Officer Doctor Thomas Woods-Tucker.
Perry County Shuts Down In-Person and Virtual Learning Due to COVID-19
By Rhonda Miller • Nov 11, 2020
PerryCounty.ky.gov
A school district in southeastern Kentucky has shut down in-person and virtual learning through the end of November because of the spread of COVID-19.
Perry County Schools Superintendent Jonathan Jett said in a social media post this week that the continued spike in coronavirus cases has led district leaders to the conclusion that in-person learning isn't possible for the rest of the month.
The superintendent said the decision to also shut down virtual classes was made in hopes of adding in-person classes at the end of the academic year in May.


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Happy New Year and welcome to 2019! This is the year Blade Runner took place, so I am sure our Off-World Colonies and flying cars are just around the corner! Not many releases over the holidays but a few on New Year's Day and a nice selection today starting with the new Kevin Hart comedy, Night School. Hart plays Teddy Walker, a barbeque salesman and high school dropout who has his eye on a new job at a financial film to impress his newly engaged fiancé Lisa (Megalyn Echikunwoke). But before he can start moving up in the world, he needs to get his GED at his old high school. Unfortunately, a rival student from back in the day, Stewart (Taran Killam) is now principal and the night school teacher Carrie (Tiffany Haddish) won't stand for slackers, so Teddy has his work cut out for him.
Hart has had a strong list of comedy hits the past few years and Night School is a solid flick to add to the list. Similar in style and tone to last year's hilarious Fist Fight, Night School never gets to raunchy or stupid and really keeps an even keel of laughs and situations that keep the mood light, the pace fast and the chemistry between the cast crackling. Haddish is making a name for herself in movies this past year and for good reason, she has a real natural no-nonsense style of comedy that plays well off Hart's more slapstick style. And the supporting cast of other Night School students including Rob Riggle, Romany Malco, Al Madrigal, Mary Lynn Rajskub, Fat Joe and Ben Schwartz keep it lively. For a nice light night full of laughs, Night School does the trick.
Next up is the stylish new thriller Bad Times at the El Royale. In 1969, several strangers with various secrets all show up at the remote El Royale, a run-down motel that straddles the border between California and Nevada. An aging priest suffering from dementia (Jeff Bridges), a struggling singer (Cynthia Erivo), a smooth-talking salesman (Jon Hamm) and a mysterious and abrasive woman (Dakota Johnson) all have their own reasons for showing up at the El Royale, but they may also have something in common in the motel's dark past. And it's anybody's guess if any of them will even survive the night.
Bad Times at the El Royale drew many comparisons to the films of Quentin Tarantino and with good cause, it does have many stylistic elements in common, but writer/director Drew Goddard is no stranger to bizarre plots and characters himself with films like Cabin in the Woods and Cloverfield and episodes of TV shows like Lost, Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Alias under his belt. Bad Times at the El Royale felt like it could have used some extra editing, at 2 hrs and 21 minutes it does drag in some parts, but the performances are manic and entertaining and the plot twists are plentiful and fun to navigate. If it were a tight 100-minute film I think it would have fared much better, maybe even become an instant cult classic. But as it stands it is still a solid movie for a cold winter's movie night.
Lastly this week is a true anomaly in film and television: a TV series based on a cult movie franchise that actually works. The Purge: Season One is set in an alternate future where The Purge has already been established by the New Founding Fathers, a totalitarian political party that has created the one night of legal crime meant to purge American's of their worst impulses including murder. The series follows several different people as they navigate the vicious night trying to survive including a US Marine who returns home to try and find his sister on Purge night, a finance professional who hires a Purge assassin to try and make her work life easier, and a couple who attend a high society Purge party in order to make connections and jump start their new business venture.
The Purge films have all been surprisingly strong with pretty disturbing messages about society, politics and human nature while still being really entertaining. While my first instinct says a TV series would probably be a cash grab and not as good quality, I was pleasantly surprised at the strong cast and performances and excellent production quality of the show. There are just as many chills and thrills as the movies and perhaps it even surpasses the films story wise as there is much more time to tell the tales. The stories are engaging and the characters all have solid arcs and make you actually care what happens to them. Overall The Purge: Season One is some must see TV and highly recommended.
Also of note is a new Collector's Edition for the 30th Anniversary of the best romantic comedy ever made, When Harry Met Sally, the new horror flick Hell Fest, and the new Stephen King series Castle Rock: The Complete First Season.
Until next week movie lovers!
DVD and Blu-ray Releases for Tuesday January 1, 2019
My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic – Hearts and Hooves
Tell Them Willie Boy Is Here*
The Bounty*
The Scarlet Letter*
Washington Square*
24 Frames* - Criterion Collection
A Paris Education*
An Evening with Beverly Luff Linn
Blind Date a.k.a. Deadly Seduction*
Castle Rock: The Complete First Season
Jack the Ripper (1959)*
Let the Corpses Tan*
Nemesis – MVD Rewind Collection*
Queercore: How to Punk a Revolution
Street Law a.k.a. Il cittadino si ribella*
The Car: Road to Revenge
The Great Battle
The House That Would Not Die*
The Purge: Season One
What Ever Happened to Aunt Alice?*
When Harry Met Sally 30th Anniversary Edition
Willie Dynamite*
*Catalog Blu-ray debut
Article of the Week:
Box Office Buz: DVD and Blu-ray releases for January 14, 2020 January 14, 2020 | Bill Howard
We kick off the week with the new Ang Lee film, Gemini Man. Will Smith plays Henry Brogan, a career hitman on the verge of retirement. But when he finds a mysterious young assassin out to get him, he soon... Read More
Bill Howard
A film fan since he was a wee child and received a full sized Terminator movie poster as a gift, Bill lives for movies. An avid collector of Blu-ray and DVD (and VHS, Beta, and Laserdisc before that), Bill also has his own review site, Fountain Pop.com and has recently completed his first horror novel, 10 Minutes from Home. Bill is often a crusader for the films that no one likes or no one has heard of(he loves Ishtar, Superman Returns, the Star Wars prequels and almost all of the horror remakes...) and just wants everyone to share their love for movies instead of spreading their hate for them.
- Latest Trailers
Box Office Buz
Batwoman First Look http://bit.ly/2Wfp1g1 #Batwoman #RubyRose #MeaganTandy #CamrusJohnson #ElizabethAnweis
@BoxOfficeBuz
© 2020 | Box Office Buz, All Right Reserved.


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Ernest Roy Bird (13 October 1883 - 27 September 1933)  was a British solicitor and Member of Parliament, who represented Skipton as a Unionist between 1924 and his death in 1933.

Life
Bird was educated at St. Paul's School, London and became a solicitor.

Bird was a founder of the Junior Imperial League, a precursor to the Young Conservatives. He became a parliamentary candidate after the First World War, when he unsuccessfully contested Lambeth North in the 1922 and 1923 general elections, and was elected for Skipton at the 1924 general election, after the incumbent MP retired. He was re-elected with a comfortable majority in 1929 and 1931.

In Parliament, one of Bird's achievements was the Solicitors Act 1933.

He died in September 1933, while on a visit to South Africa.

Family
Bird married in 1909 Nettie Constantine Greenland, daughter of George Greenland.  They had two daughters; Ursula married Charles Kimber in December 1933 (marriage dissolved 1949), and Pamela married Henry Nelson, later Baron Nelson, in 1940.

References

External links

UK MPs 1924–1929
UK MPs 1929–1931
UK MPs 1931–1935
Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies
20th-century British politicians
1883 births
1933 deaths

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


JESSICA Simpson has given birth to "perfect daughter" Birdie Mae with husband Eric Johnson.
The 38-year-old singer and actress took to Instagram on Wednesday to share an adorable black and white snap of the newborn, who weighed a whopping 10lb 13oz.
Only the side of Birdie's face and body could be seen as she lay in her hospital cot.
She captioned the shot: "We are so happy and proud to announce the birth of our perfect daughter, Birdie Mae Johnson. 3.19.19 10 Pounds 13 Ounces."
Her birth comes just days after Jessica posted a picture on Instagram of her huge baby bump.
Jessica looked ready to pop as she placed a protective hand over her stomach.
Adding a summery frame to the snap, the star wore her blonde hair down with a large pair of sunglasses, captioning the snap: "Jess-tation".
Jessica often posted funny pictures of her pregnancy journey, with one revealing the dangers of being on the toilet.


I have paid the premium for family subscription on Jan 18 but today when I log in my account, it has shown that my account is free instead of a premium one.
My brother has paid the premium for family subscription on Jan 18 but today when me and my brother log in my account, it has shown that both of our accounts are free instead of a premium for family one. I don't want to pay again since we have already paid on Jan 18 and it is not Feb 18 yet. Thank you!
Hi @Joannieyuen, thanks for writing!
Has your account suddenly changed to Free, or was it never Premium (even after the subscription)?
Anyway, please follow this guide to finding any other accounts you might have subscribed to Premium and let me know if this helps.


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Childish Gambino Shares New Song In AR App
9to5 Google
Over the past two weekends, Google hosted an art installation at Coachella 2019 with Childish Gambino. Advertising the Pixel 3's camera prowess, a central part of "Brighter in the Dark" was an AR app from the musician. Leveraging the latest ARCore features, PHAROS AR is available for Android and iOS.
The desert installation was essentially a large hallway with lights and mirrors. Attendees toured the area with a Pixel 3 in-hand that ran a "sneak peek of Childish Gambino's augmented reality (AR) app."
Following that two-week exclusivity to Coachella and the Pixel 3, the app is now available to the public. PHAROS AR is a multiplayer augmented reality experience that lets Childish Gambino fans "journey through his universe to the tune of his latest sounds."
The experience begins with the opening of an AR portal. Walk through it to explore an augmented cave where you can find and interact with hidden glyphs while still being able to see out into the real world.
After finding all the hidden glyphs, your journey continues to more worlds throughout Childish Gambino's universe. You can go on the adventure alone, or share the experience with friends as you view and interact with visual elements simultaneously.
While Google is advertising the app today, the company does not appear to be involved in the development. However, the Android does leverage ARCore, Google's platform for mobile augmented reality, and Unity. It specifically uses the Cloud Anchors API released at last year's I/O to allow multiple users to interact in the same virtual world. It is coming soon to the iOS App Store.
For Google, the Childish Gambino partnership started last October with the Playmoji pack. The AR stickers were released in February just before the Grammys. Google at the award show aired a catchy ad featuring the musician next to his virtual counterpart.
REZZ Announces VR Listening Party For New EP
The Glitch Mob To Perform Live In VR On Sansar


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Malmö FF competed in Division 2 Södra for the 1930–31 season. They won the league and were promoted to the first-tier league Allsvenskan for the first time in the club's history.

Club

Other information

References

Malmö FF seasons
Malmo FF


Description: CSX 8013 on a loaded Santee Cooper coal train waiting on a new crew in the former Clinchfield yard at Spartanburg.
Description: Trailing SD40-2 units on a Santee Cooper coal train at Spartanburg yard.
Description: 8085 waits in the power pit at Walbridge Yard.
Description: CSX 8085 gets a loaded coal train rolling after a meet with F795 at Slighs, SC.
Description: CSX 7496 is on the point of Q-433 at West Englewood (Teaneck), NJ 10/2002.
Description: Dang it! Direct 12 o'clock sun!
Description: CSX 8076 and 8085 rolls in to Willard Terminal with an Ethanol Train. Note the covered hopper spacer car.
Description: CSX SD40-2 8085 leads S282 (Second Section of Q282 - Baldwin Fl. to Louisville Ky.) along Gaithers Station Road.
Description: CSXT 8085 leads Q32629 east into the reverse curve at Chilson Road.
Description: CITX #3062, DME #6091, and CSX #8085 being tied down at the Depew Amtrak Station.
Description: CSX K644 heads through Deshler with a nice topping of foreign/lease power.
Description: Hollow Road, 1544 hours.
Description: About to go ditchin with ole 8085.
Description: CSX Q439-29 comes west through Woodbourne with CSX ES40DC 5410 leading.


Come and see the Difference.
The new owners Manish, Tina and the team welcome you to our modern, new SPAR store & Post-office, offering our customers amazing value locally. Set in the heart of our community, we look forward to welcoming you into our village and indeed our modern new store. Our store is filled with a vast range of everyday groceries, household products and much more, together with our nationally backed three weekly SPAR promotions we can also compete with many supermarkets beating deals on everyday essentials. Our staff are always ready to go the extra mile in assisting you and our unique friendly, helpful service awaits you.


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Quick Read Reading Time: 5 minutes
AYSRH in Uganda During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Ensuring provision and access to information, services, and commodities
Precious Mutoru, MPH
Dr. Ben Kibirige
Tonny Muzira
Norah Nakyegera
Alex Omari
Sarah Kosgei
Irene Alenga
The COVID-19 pandemic has disordered the livelihoods of adolescents and young people across Uganda's communities in many ways. With the first COVID-19 wave in March 2020 came the adoption of containment measures, such as the closure of schools, movement restrictions, and self-isolation. As a result, the health and well-being of young people, especially adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health (AYSRH) in Uganda, took a hit.
Impact of COVID-19 on AYSRH
Research suggests that the efforts aimed at managing the COVID-19 pandemic de-emphasized the provision of other essential services, such as those relating to an individual's SRH. The selective prioritization of some of these services left individuals, particularly adolescents and young people, with no means of making informed decisions and maintaining their health.
Adolescents and young people often access health-related information in discreet ways, like:
From schools.
Youth-friendly corners in health facilities.
Through peer educators.
The closure of some of these avenues and restrictions in movement meant that adolescents and young people could not utilize these services—in addition to an already restrictive and unresponsive policy and operational environment that includes:
Negative perceptions about access to contraceptives for adolescents and young people.
Poor provider attitude.
The moralization of sexual and reproductive health (SRH).
Unfriendly and high costs of services.
These greatly hinder the improvement of AYSRH in Uganda.
Community health worker during a home visit, providing family planning services and options to women in the community. Credit: Jonathan Torgovnik/Getty Images/Images of Empowerment.
The Makerere School of Public Health surveyed the impact of COVID-19 on access to family planning services and unintended pregnancies. It indicated that individuals failed to obtain and utilize family planning and other SRH health services due to:
Movement restrictions (9%).
Closure of health facilities (17%).
Fear of contracting the virus (49%).
Family would not allow due to COVID-19 (13%).
For these reasons, the already alarming rate of teenage pregnancies (25%) drastically increased. Other catalytic factors (adolescents and young women engaging in transactional sex for basic needs, sexual assault, forced marriage for economic benefits to avert COVID-19-related poverty) aided the increase. Some regions, like the Acholi sub-region, which reported over 17,000 pregnancies, recorded more adolescents and young women procuring abortions. These procedures were predominantly unsafe. Additionally, a significant portion of adolescent girls and boys re-evaluated their continuation of school.
The confirmation of the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic brought a series of containment measures like those implemented during the first wave. These spell doom for already vulnerable adolescents and young people and could deter Uganda's progress toward achieving its demographic dividend phase.
"The confirmation of the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic brought a series of containment measures…These spell doom for already vulnerable adolescents and young people."
The Cross-Sectional Study on the Sexual and Reproductive Health Challenges Among Young People During the COVID-19 Lockdown found that 28% of young people reported that they did not have access to information and/or education concerning SRH. More than a quarter of participants (26.9%) reported that testing and treatment services of sexually transmitted infections were not available during the lockdown, while 27.2% of the respondents could not obtain contraceptive supplies.
Improving AYSRH in Uganda in the Context of COVID-19
Even as the government refines the measures for plateauing the COVID-19 pandemic curve, the Ministry of Health (MOH) has teamed up with implementing partners in the reproductive health realm in Uganda. They have adopted various innovative strategies for continued provision and access to SRH services and information. These, if scaled up across Uganda and other countries, could potentially contend with the effects of COVID-19 on AYSRH and salvage the gains registered over the years.
Adoption of guidelines and frameworks to guide service delivery in the context of COVID-19: The Adolescent Health Division at the MOH collaborated with key stakeholders and implementing partners. They developed and adopted guidelines for the continuity of SRH service provision for adolescents and young people in the context of COVID-19.
Guideline Proposals (click to expand)
The use of technology to share information on available SRHR services and access points.
Guidance on task sharing/shifting at health facilities.
Directives on health service delivery interventions.
Leadership interventions.
Strategies for sustainable financing interventions.
Infrastructure and commodity security interventions.
Utilization of digital tools: With school closures and movement restrictions, most adolescents and young people utilized digital tools/online platforms more than usual for school learning, social activities, and general information. Partners in Uganda leveraged this opportunity to share information on SRH, provide counseling, and link users to online pharmacies.
Examples of Tools and Platforms (click to expand)
*284*15#—USSD code that facilitates access to SRHR information through text.
Toll-free line Salt Helpline.
Phone apps like Sauti Plus.
Dedicated TV channels like Sauti TV as well as social media platforms.
Self-care: Maintaining health and preventing illness during the lockdown required individuals to rely on their abilities. They utilized information and health commodities available to them, with limited interaction with the health system.
Self-Care Interventions for SRHR Popularized by the MOH and Partners (click to expand)
HIV self-testing.
Self-injectable contraceptives.
Utilization of enabling tools and platforms, such as online pharmacies.
Encouragement of multi-month supply of some self-care commodities.
Leveraging the private sector's reach and platforms: The MOH, in collaboration with development and implementing partners, identified opportunities within the private sector to continue providing SRH services. One of the private companies identified was Safe Boda, a motorbike transport company with a massive reach in the Kampala metropolitan area and neighboring towns. The transport company uses a digital application to coordinate client pickups and drop-offs. It was updated to include an e-shop to facilitate online purchase and delivery of reproductive health products.
E-shop's Reproductive Health Products (click to expand)
Condoms.
Contraceptive pills.
HIV test kits.
Pregnancy test kits.
Mama Kits (clean delivery kits).
This innovation enabled individuals, including adolescents and young people, to access products in the comfort of their homes. Similar interventions included the use of regular commercial Boda Bodas (motorcyclists) to distribute reproductive health products from pharmacies and drug shops (chemists) to clients.
Social-behavioral change—integrating COVID-19 and SRHR messaging: The MOH and district health teams collaborated with partners to design and integrate targeted messages on SRH. These stakeholders utilized the same communication channels to share information on COVID-19 and SRH. Some partners worked with the district-level COVID-19 task forces and supported the team with hiring megaphones for sharing COVID-19 information across communities—encouraging individuals to seek SRH services and information. The Kampala metropolitan area saw collaboration among the Capital City Authority to design and share messages through mobile media vans, especially in the urban poor communities. Partners also ensured the inclusion of peers and youth leaders within these tasks teams to support responses to adolescents' and young people's needs.
Layering service provision and leveraging existing structures: The MOH and its partners utilized already existing health service provision structures. They used community service points for HIV/AIDS care and immunization to layer SRH services for individuals, including adolescents and young people.
Phoebe Awuco (orange & white top), a community mobilizer and head of the Self Help Women Group Alita Kole, at her home with her orphan grandchildren. Credit: Jonathan Torgovnik/Getty Images/Images of Empowerment.
Looking Forward in the New Normal
The MOH, development and implementing partners, cultural and religious leaders, parents, and community individuals recommended:
Fast-tracking the finalization and dissemination of a continuity strategy for SRHR information and service provision for adolescents and young people, thus encouraging prioritization of the needs of this unique population.
Partners ensure continuity in the provision of SRH information and services for adolescents and young people as a complementary effort to the MOH programs.
CSOs/Taskforces provide PPE items to peers in the community to protect them from contracting COVID-19 as they do the door-to-door visits to identify and support responses to SRH needs.
Including young people in the COVID-19 task force and on the team of village health team workers, to facilitate targeted focus on adolescents and young people.
Consultation with organizations and movements of adolescents, young people, women and girls, and young people living in vulnerable situations on a regular and inclusive basis to guarantee considerations throughout the creation of tailored COVID-19 responses.
Invest funding to facilitate scale-up of innovations that yielded most results in reaching the adolescents and young people and supporting them during the lockdowns, while being mindful of innovations such as the digital and tech platforms that are likely to cause inequities.
The government should integrate SRH within COVID-19 and emergency response. To mitigate poor SRH outcomes because of the pandemic lockdown, it should be recognized as an essential service. This is critical for adolescents and young people (especially low-income young women and girls) who are mainly disadvantaged.
East and Central Africa
gender norms
youth/young people
Advocacy & Partnerships Coordinator, Population Services International
Precious is a public health professional and a thought-strong advocate for the health and wellbeing of communities across the globe, with a keen interest in sexual and reproductive health and gender equality. With nearly five years' experience in reproductive, maternal and adolescent health, Precious is enthusiastic about innovating feasible and sustainable solutions to the various reproductive health and social issues affecting communities in Uganda, through program designs, strategic communications and policy advocacy. Currently, she is serving as an advocacy and partnerships coordinator at population Services International – Uganda, where she is collaborating with partners across the board to pursue objectives that will promote the agenda for family planning and reproductive health broadly in Uganda. Precious subscribes to the school of thought that insists that improving the health and wellbeing of populations in Uganda and across the globe. Additionally, she is a Global Health Corps alum, a champion for self-care for sexual and reproductive health and knowledge management in Uganda. She holds an MSc. in Public Health from the University of Newcastle – United Kingdom.
Advocacy Manager, Foundation For Male Engagement Uganda
Dr. Kibirige is a medical doctor by profession, women's rights activist, sexual reproductive health rights (SRHR) consultant, and master trainer accredited by Makerere School of Public Health. He has over four years of experience advocating for family planning-related programs and inclusive SRHR service provision to all young people. He also advocates for gender equality, women's rights, and quality and affordable health care for young girls and women through meaningful youth participation in national development processes. Dr. Kibirige is currently the general secretary for the SHE DECIDES Uganda local movement and the alternate steering committee representative for Men Engage Network in Uganda. He is a co-founder of Centre for Young Mothers' Voices, a local NGO advocating for the rehabilitation and reintegration of teenage mothers back into mainstream social life.
Advocacy and Partnerships Officer, Foundation For Male Engagement Uganda
Tonny is the advocacy and partnerships officer at Foundation for Male Engagement Uganda. He is a public health practitioner and sexual reproductive health and rights (SRHR) specialist with seven years of experience in the design and implementation of SRHR among young people in Uganda. He is the current chairperson of the Youth4UHC movement in Africa as well as a member of the UNFPA Youth technical working group on Population, SRHR, and Climate change. Tonny is a former country coordinator for the International Youth Alliance for Family Planning (IYAFP) in Uganda.
Advocacy and Campaign Officer, Uganda Youth and Adolescent Health Forum (UYAHF)
Norah Nakyegera is a women's rights activist who is committed to advocating for and promoting the sexual reproductive health rights of adolescents and young people. Norah has over two years of experience in adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health (AYSRH) program implementation, research, and advocacy. She strongly advocates for gender equality, women's rights, quality and affordable health care for young girls and women, and the meaningful participation of young people in the national development processes. Currently, she is the advocacy and campaigns officer at the Uganda Youth and Adolescent Health Forum. Her ultimate goal is to create a grassroots movement that understands and values human rights and takes responsibility for respecting, defending, and promoting human rights. She is also a member of the Global Shapers Community (an initiative by the World Economic Forum), where young people are central to solution building, policymaking, and lasting change.
East Africa KM Officer, Knowledge SUCCESS, Amref Health Africa
Alex is the Technical Family Planning/Reproductive Health Officer at Amref Health Africa's Institute of Capacity Development. He works as the Regional Knowledge Management Officer (East Africa) for the Knowledge SUCCESS project. Alex has over 8 years' experience in adolescent and youth sexual and reproductive health (AYSRH) program design, implementation, research, and advocacy. He is currently a Technical Working Group member for the AYSRH program at the Ministry of Health in Kenya. Alex is an elected Fellow of the Royal Society for Public Health (FRSPH) and a former Kenya Country Coordinator for the International Youth Alliance for Family Planning (IYAFP). He holds a Bachelor of Science (Population Health) and a Master of Public Health (Reproductive Health) from Kenyatta University, Kenya. He is currently pursuing his second Master's degree in Public Policy at the School of Government and Public Policy (SGPP) in Indonesia where he is also a public health and health policy writing scholar and website contributor for the Strategic Review Journal.
Networks and Partnerships Manager, Amref Health Africa
Sarah is the Networks and Partnerships Manager at the Institute of Capacity Development. She has over 10 years' experience providing leadership to multi-country programs geared towards strengthening the capacity of the health system for sustainable health in Eastern, Central, and Southern Africa. She also part of the Women in Global Health – Africa Hub secretariat domiciled at Amref Health Africa, a Regional Chapter that provides a platform for discussions and a collaborative space for gender-transformative leadership within Africa. Sarah is also a member of the Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Human Resources for Health (HRH) sub-committee in Kenya. She has degrees in Public Health and an Executive Masters in Business Administration (Global Health, Leadership and Management). Sarah is a passionate advocate for primary health care and gender equality in sub-Saharan Africa.
Knowledge Management and Community Engagement Lead, Advocacy Accelerator
Irene is an established social economist with over 13 years' experience in research, policy analysis, knowledge management, and partnership engagement. As a researcher, she has been involved in the coordination and implementation of over 20 social economic research projects in various disciplines within the Eastern African Region. In her work as a Knowledge Management Consultant, Irene has been involved in health-related studies through work with public health and technology-focused institutions in Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda and Malawi where she has successfully teased out impact stories and increased visibility of project interventions. Her expertise in developing and supporting management processes, lessons learned, and best practices is exemplified in the three-year organizational change management and project closure process of the USAID| DELIVER and Supply Chain Management Systems (SCMS) 10-year project in Tanzania. In the emerging practice of Human Centered Design, Irene has successfully facilitated a positive end to end product experience through conducting user experience studies while implementing the USAID| DREAMS Project amongst adolescent girls and young women (AGYWs) in Kenya, Uganda, and Tanzania. Irene is well-versed in resource mobilization and donor management, especially with USAID, DFID, and EU.
Introducing 20 Essential Resources: Family Planning and Reproductive Health in Fragile Settings
How to Start Your SMART Advocacy Journey
Health Policy Plus
Passages Project
Center on Gender Equity and Health
Jhpiego
Reproductive Health Supplies Coalition