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Top Civil Servant Warns Varadkar that the €3bn Broadband Cost is not Value for Money
by Eoin Dolly | May 1, 2019 | Press Release
An astonishing row is now emerging at the heart of government. Robert Watt, Department of Public Expenditure and Reform's secretary general has explicitly told Taoiseach Leo Varadkar and Pascal Donohue, the Minister for Finance, that they should forthwith abandon plans to install high-speed broadband to every home in the country and in the urban centres.
Robert Watt is one of the senior-most civil servants and has categorically warned cabinet ministers that the planned €3bn National Broadband Plan does not represent value for taxpayers' money.
Reports indicate that Mr. Watt, who is in the running for the next governor of the Central bank, was vehemently opposed to the proposed plan. He firmly believes the €3bn price cannot be justified. Following several closed-door meetings, Mr. Watt is said to have told the Taoiseach and the Finance Minister that spending that kind of money on rolling out fibre optic cables to every home in the country would not pay off in the long run.
A government source said that Robert's job was to give the unpopular view and the kind of advice that the politicians mostly did not want to hear. "Sometimes it makes him unpopular but it is his job to give this advice," said the government source.
From all indications, Mr Varadkar and Mr. Donohoe look set to completely ignore this advice. They are hellbent on becoming the first government in the world to roll out high-speed broadband across the country.
Mr. Donohoe said that he and his officials have already engaged thoroughly on this plan for a couple of months. The Finance Minister has refused to address some of the concerns raised by one of the most senior civil servants in his own department, especially after the cost significantly shot up from €500m to €3bn.
Ministers and Opposition TDs already have major concerns with the project and Mr. Watt's warning is likely to set off all kinds of alarms among them. It is believed that Cabinet will likely discuss the National Broadband plan next week. Ministers will be asked to sign off on the proposed plan for high-speed online connectivity across the country and for areas not currently served by commercial operators.
Once Cabinet reaches an agreement, a consortium led by American businessman Frank McCourt will be commissioned with rolling out the first-of-its-kind broadband project.
However, Cabinet ministers will likely raise concerns with Taoiseach, the Minister for Finance, and the Minister for Communications Mr. Richard Burton. In the aftermath of the National Children's Hospital project controversy, a number of ministers are already apprehensive about sinking billions of euros into another state capital project.
Others raised concerns that the taxpayer is being asked to pay billions of euros for a massive infrastructure project that the state will ultimately not own. The Cabinet will focus on the value for money in bringing high-speed broadband many rural parts of the country.
According to sources close to the plan, bringing the broadband to about 443,000 homes may be real effective but the costs would dramatically increase for the other 100,000 remaining homes. Therefore, some of the more unreachable homes would have to fitted with domestic broadband receivers which would then connect to local transmitter outposts.
Meanwhile, Brendan Howlin, the former Public Expenditure and Reform Minister, accused Fine Gael of "abandoning all spending controls" and completely ignoring official advice. The Labour Party leader pointed out that the Government's ambitious plan to bring high speed broadband to 543,000 homes and businesses would place a €5,500 burden on every property.
"The Government needs to publish far more information to clarify the numbers involved, and to confirm its assumptions about the average cost to connect homes to the broadband network," Mr Howlin said.
Howlin further commented that Taoiseach was "weighing the short-term political benefit of winning seats at the local election over the long-term financial stability of our country." He implored voters not to be fooled by Fine Gael and that it was "outrageous" to compel taxpayers to pay for a big project that the state would not eventually own.
Describing the Government's handling of the proposed project, Fianna Fail's communication spokesperson said it was "a monumental failure of the procurement process" that the state was pumping billions of euros into the plan yet it will not even own the infrastructure once it is in place.
The terms of the current contract stipulate that Mr. McCourt's consortium will build, operate, service and manage the nation's biggest broadband network for a period of 25 years, after which the state will have the option to purchase the infrastructure.
Former Minister for Communications Denis Naughten was forced to resign after his alleged contacts with Mr. McCourt. He had attacked Taoiseach at the time, and said that the decision to sack him had more to do with "opinion polls rather than telecom poles," and "more about optics than fibre optics."
Mr. Naughten said that the introduction of high-speed broadband ought to be treated with the same importance as the rural electrification program almost 100 years ago.
The Bank of England Seems to Have a Woman Problem
A quick glance at the nine-strong Monetary Policy Committee, the body that guides the UK's economy, and you can already begin to see the problem.
This is the body that influences important aspects of the economy, such as the interest rates, through their monthly votes, yet they look nothing like many of the people they represent and whose lives they greatly influence.
Current governor Mark Carney is the 120th governor in what has been a continuous line of white men who have led the Bank. While women easily make up half of the UK's population, they are grossly under-represented. They make up a paltry one ninth of the Monetary Policy Committee. There's also not a single black, Asian or minority ethnic group (BAME) member in the committee.
Therefore, it is quite clear that the Bank seems to have a diversity issue. The Public Accounts Committee (PAC) said last month that the Bank was still a long way way off its diversity targets for the coming year and that there was "little evidence the gap was closing quickly enough."
In January, the Bank appointed two women to its financial policy committee, Banking Standards Board Chair Dame Colette Bowe and Virgin Money boss Dame Jayne-Anne Gadhia. The Bank's search for a new governor kicked off earlier this week and many hope that it could herald the start of a new era with a woman at its helm for the first time in history.
Joanna Place, the Bank's chief operating officer, spoke of the Bank's efforts in diversity. "In terms of diversity and inclusion, we have done a lot more than just gender and ethnicity. We have a number of staff networks. We have inclusive events. We have a wellbeing policy. We have done a cognitive diversity survey. We have started to look at social mobility," she said.
Labour MP Rachel Reeves, who also chairs the business select committee and who was an economist at the Bank before turning to politics, also commented on the issue and said that it was time the Bank took action. "We've had two women prime ministers and yet have had no women chancellors or Bank governors," she said. The former economist also added that the Bank needed to do more to train and promote talented women within the organization.
"The sad truth is that the Bank has not done enough to recruit, train and promote talented women. More needs to be done to bring forward a generation of women economists who can be considered for the top job," she further added.
Self-Reproduction
However, others do not share the view that the problem ultimately lies with the Bank. Wendy Carlin, a professor of economics at the University College London, points out that the real issue is with the economics profession itself and not the Bank of England.
"If you google economists," she says, "you'll get a great number of pictures of economists in suits holding up a financial chart. Those impressions are self-reproducing. If people only see men in suits then they don't think it's for them." She further made the point that women make up just over a third of the total undergraduate economics students in the UK.
According to the professor, these statistics repeat themselves in other parts of the world like the US and Australia. She is currently leading an international project dubbed the CORE project which seeks to change the way economics is taught and thereby, broaden its appeal.
Prof Carlin added that "We're being much clearer that economics is about addressing the problems we face. Yes, it's about financial stability but it's also about inequality, the environmental future and work," But she also cautions that work at this academic level will take quite some time to filter through to the real world. She said "It's crucial to widen the pool [of job candidates] as far as possible, but you've got to get people into the pool in the first place and that's what we're working on,"
Dr. Margaret Heffernan, an author and former chief executive of five different businesses made the point recently that the lack of women in the sector has become something of a self-fulfilling prophecy and that since the profession is predominantly male, it tends to "promote and nurture male students."
But Dr. Hefferman also said "Economics can be very excluding of women, sometimes unintentionally and sometimes intentionally. People with privilege don't happily give it up."
A recent survey conducted by the American Economic Association of more than 9,200 economists suggested that there are deep-rooted issues as well. Nearly a third of female economists polled said that they had felt discriminated in one way or the other as compared to 12% of their male counterparts. Women, the study suggests, felt that they were treated especially unfairly.
Recruitment firm Saphire Partners is carrying out the search for the new governor. The fact that it is run by five female partners and has described itself as "advocates for women in business" does bring a glimmer of hope that the next governor of the Bank of England could be a woman.
Cork and Shannon Passengers to be Bussed to Dublin after Boeing 737 MAX 8 Grounding
Passengers in Cork and Shannon are now likely to be deprived of their direct Norwegian Airlines routes to the US for nearly the entire summer season because of the recent grounding of the Boeing MAX 8 aircraft fleet.
Ryanair, which had placed an order of 135 next-generation Boeing aircraft in its MAX 200 version, said that it may now be unable to introduce the planes into its fleet before late August.
The Irish airline had scheduled to bring in five 737-MAX 200s, which are the modified versions of the MAX 8, by around June. A further 50 planes were scheduled for delivery before the beginning of the 2020 season.
However, Ryanair insists that its schedules will be largely unaffected by this recent grounding and that it has a network that is fully catered for by its fleet of 400 Boeing 737-800 series planes.
Deirdre Clune, Ireland South MEP, pointed out that while all the requisite safety measures had to be implemented for the passengers' well-being, airlines such as Norwegian ought to do everything in their power to restore their crucial US routes from Shannon and Cork.
Thanks to a replacement aircraft, Norwegian has maintained its direct US flights from Dublin. However, passengers booked fly to the US from Cork and Shannon have been offered a bus service to Dublin for their onward flights or the option of a full refund.
Ms Clune said that she was supportive of the measures taken by the airline which were necessary to ensure the safety of passengers. "However, passengers travelling on transatlantic flights from Cork and Shannon airports must be taken care of while the flights are not in operation from these airports," she said. "I think that these flights are very important for Cork airport in particular and I hope to see them back to their regular schedule once all the safety checks have been completed," Ms. Clune concluded.
The Cork Airport is one of the fastest expanding European airports at the moment and is well on course for a growth of more than 8% in 2019 alone. Passenger numbers went up by 10% in February alone.
The entire fleet of the Boeing 737 MAX was ground all over the world following a fatal crash in Ethiopia in which all 157 people on board died. The plane crashed just 10 minutes after take-off. Michael Ryan, a father of two and an Irish national also died in the tragedy. He was 39 years old and an engineer with the UN food programme.
The tragedy was the second fatal accident in five months involving the brand new jet. Another Boeing 737 MAX 8 had crashed into the sea off the Indonesian coast just before Christmas. After it emerged that an anti-stall system may have been linked with both the tragedies, the global fleet was grounded for safety concerns.
Boeing has since developed a software upgrade for the aircraft's anti-stall system that was involved. However, a regulatory briefing note has indicated that the aircraft will likely not be cleared to resume services worldwide until August.
An international committee, the Joint Authorities Technical Review Committee, will commence a joint examination of the Boeing 737 MAX update by 29th April, 2019. The committee, which includes the European EASA and the American FAA, will also include aviation authorities from Canada, Brazil, China, United Arab Emirates, Japan, Singapore and NASA.
As it has now emerged, the evaluation of the Boeing 737 MAX 8 software upgrades may take up to 90 days which means that even if everything goes according to plans, the aircraft may not be cleared for resumption of services until August at the earliest.
The grounding of the 737 MAX fleet has already cost the American manufacturer an estimated $1 billion. Norwegian has also bore the brunt of the grounding as one of the most affected airlines in the world. 18 of its planes were taken out of service.
In a letter to Ms. Clune, Bjorrn Kjos, Norwegian boss, said that the airline had made every effort to minimize the disruption involved. "This development at no notice has resulted in the need for an urgent, major overhaul of planned aircraft deployment," he said.
He further indicated that the airline had taken measures to minimize disruptions, including the substitution of the larger Boeing 787 Dreamliner on some services, wet-leasing of alternative aircraft, and securing extended-range ETOPS approval for alternative aircraft. All these, he said, would maintain services and coach transportation to and from where the airline's alternative flights operate from.
With its fleet of new Boeing 737 MAX 8 aircraft, the Scandinavian airline had managed to offer cut-price transatlantic services from Dublin, Shannon and Cork to Boston and New York.
At the moment, Dublin's airport services to US destinations such as Boston and New York are being facilitated by a new Boeing 787 Dreamliner.
Thomas Cook Hires a Turnaround Specialist as Potential Investors Show Interest
by Eoin Dolly | Apr 23, 2019 | Press Release
Potential buyers, including Fosun, a Chinese conglomerate, are circling Britain's oldest package holiday operator. The company could be split up in a move that could lead to its high street stores and package deals being taken over by one of its main shareholders.
Thomas Cook has been struggling with a dip in demand for package holidays and cut-throat online competition. Potential bidders are now gearing up for either a partial or full takeover of the struggling company which has already announced that it is closing 21 high street stores and many more to come.
Expressions of interest in its Tours business began when it was first reported on Sky News that it was seeking to offload its airline business. But it has since announced a string of profit warnings, including an 80% drop in its share value. Fosun, a Chinese company which is also the largest Thomas Cook shareholder, is among a number of investors that have expressed interest in its business.
Thomas Cook has said that it is seeking to focus more into increasing investments in directly-owned hotels which are now more profitable. It will also evaluate all the options and consider all the bids. A source close to the company said that it is unsurprising that even rivals are making speculative approaches for other parts of the company's business.
Fosun has a 17% stake in Thomas Cook and already runs a joint venture with the 178-year old firm back in China. Mr. Guo Guangchang, Fosun's chairman, rose from rural poverty and is now one of China's richest men.
While a bid from such a private investor with deep pockets could prove quite attractive for Thomas Cook after a troubled year, EU rules banning majority foreign ownership could get in the way of a lucrative deal. The rules could prevent Fosun from running the airline arm of the tour operator.
In May 2018, Thomas Cook's shares traded above £1.40. But they have since dropped to 25.4p before the bank holiday which left its market value at £376m as compared to a net debt of £1.6bn. The tour operator is trying to tackle its huge debt pile and has taken up restricting specialists, Alix Partners, to work on its balance sheet and its cost reduction plans. The company was recently compelled to call for a meeting of its shareholders to support an extension of its debt limits which had been "inadvertently broken."
However, analysts have already warned that the tour operator may have to ask its investors for more cash even though it has surpassed the period in which cash reserves are at their lowest for many of the highly seasonal tour operators.
And things are not looking too good for the entire holiday sector which is in the midst of a fierce price war. Thomas Cook's biggest rival in Europe, Tui, has already issued profit warnings. Budget airline Easyjet has also issued a significantly downbeat outlook.
The online marketplace is also proving to be brutal for Thomas Cook. More holidaymakers are now opting for the internet rather than visiting high street branches. While 64% of Thomas Cook's sales are through its website, this rising preference has mostly benefited online travel agencies.
The company announced the closure of 21 stores last month, including the loss of 321 jobs. As the company adjusts itself to the online spending revolution, analysts believe there will be many more closures across its 566-store network.
Thomas Cook is named after its founder who was a cabinet maker and who operated day trips from Leicester to Loughborough. The company has recently issued two profit warnings in two months towards the end of last year. In its most recent profit warning, the company blamed the "disappointing year" on the prolonged heatwave in the summer across Europe for killing consumers' appetite for travel.
Some budget airlines have gone belly up in recent months. These include the British regional carrier Flybmi which collapsed in February, Iceland's Wow Air which folded last month, and Indian Jet Airways which grounded all its flights this past week.
However, spinning off its airline arm could be an attractive source of cash for Thomas Cook. This is not the first time the tour operator has faced concerns about its survival. Similar doubts were raised back in 2012 when it was forced to dispose of hotels and part of its airline business. The company even carried out a rights issue in 2013 in what seemed like a desperate attempt to shore up its balances sheet.
Ireland Records Its Highest Start-up Figures in 13 Years Despite Brexit Uncertainty
Figures released by business information company CRIF Vision-Net show that the entrepreneurship spirit continues to flourish in Ireland despite Brexit uncertainty.
An average of 71 companies were set up every day within the first three months of 2019 against an average insolvency rate of two per day.
Within the first quarter of 2019, a total of 6,413 companies were formed in Ireland. These are the best figures of Q1 in the last 13 years and a 14% increase on the previous record-breaking Q1 of 2018.
The biggest contributors to these figures were professional firms, which accounted for 1,448 new start-ups in the first three months of the year, a 22% increase from the same period last year. Social and professional services recorded an impressive 50% growth (949 new firms) over the same period in 2018.
However, the financial sector, which is the third largest sector, decreased by 1% to record 708 new start-ups as compared to 715 in Q1 of 2018 while the construction industry showed a modest 1% growth.
Releasing the figures, Christine Cullen, Managing Director of CRIF Vision-Net, said that "the buoyant entrepreneurial spirit in Ireland continues to weather the continued uncertainty across the water." Cullen further commented that "the first quarter of 2019 has been the best in 13 years for start-ups in Ireland," and that "industries including professional services and social and personal services saw significant growth." Meanwhile, much-discussed sectors such as construction and finance have again shown strong growth numbers.
Ms. Cullen also observed that, other than the concerns over a slowdown in the global economy, Brexit remains the greatest challenge of 2019. It now sits at the top of all business agendas, in both big and small companies. And the concern is particularly acute for many of the companies that are susceptible to supply chain disruptions, costly tariffs and border checks on the horizon.
Therefore, it seems businesses are doing everything they need to do to prepare themselves for the unknown and the potentially messy post-Brexit period. Cullen pointed out that, "in the meantime, it is critical that the Irish Government continue to provide assistance to safeguard the economy from the worst effects of a No-Deal Brexit."
Twelve counties made double-digit growth rates in the total number of start-ups in Quarter One, with Dublin recording the highest number of start-ups among all the counties. There were 3,089 start-ups established in the capital within the first quarter of the new year, which is close to half of all the start-ups in the entire country within the period.
Cork recorded the second highest number of start-ups with 690 new businesses being established in Q1 of 2019 – a 13% increase over the same period in 2018. Galway came in a distant third with 236 new start-ups – a 1.2% drop while Limerick was fourth with 210 new start-ups which was a 7.7% improvement on Q1 of 2018.
It is also worth noting that this growth in start-ups wasn't confined to the counties with the highest urban populations. Louth recorded a 21% increase while Donegal had a 16.5% increase in the number of companies formed. Kerry was up by 7%, Wicklow was up by 14%, and Wexford saw a 38% increase in new company start-ups.
However, data from business and credit risk analyst CRIF Vision-net also shows that the rate of insolvencies in 2019 has remained relatively low as compared to the previous year. There was an almost 26% year-on-year drop in insolvencies in 2018 versus 2017. Quarter One of 2019 recorded 192 insolvencies as compared to 186 in the same period for 2018.
The wholesale and retail sectors were the most insolvent, with a total of 31 recorded insolvencies, which is a 34.8% increase on the Q1 figures for 2018. The professional services sector also had the same figures, 31 insolvencies, which was a 10.7% increase in the while the construction sector recorded 25 insolvencies – a 13.8% reduction.
Dublin was, unsurprisingly, the most insolvent county followed by Galway and Cork. Clare, Waterford, Carlow Mayo, Westmeath, Tipperary, Laois, and Kilkenny all recorded less than five insolvencies each in Q1 of 2019 as compared to Q1 of 2018.
Sara Constatini, CRIF's Regional Director for the UK and Ireland, pointed out that the continued growth in the number of Irish start-ups in Q1 is very encouraging. She indicated that international data shows that Ireland is on course to outperform even some of Europe's biggest economies, such as Germany, in 2019.
However, while the domestic economy is thriving, external challenges continue to cause several concerns. Other European economies are also feeling the cloud of uncertainty and the next couple of weeks will be crucial in determining the European market confidence in 2019 and beyond.
Competition Regulator Calls For UK's Big Four Accountancy Firms to be Split Up
Following several corporate collapses, including the collapse of Carillion and BHS, the UK competition watchdog has made proposals that could split up the big four accounting firms.
The proposals also include compelling the big accountancy firms to work with their smaller rivals. While the CMA (Competition and Markets Authority) resisted calls for a split of the big four, PricewaterhouseCoopers, EY, Deloitte and KPMG, it has said it might be an option five years down the line if there are no significant improvements in the profession.
Following its fundamental review of what it termed "serious competition problems in the sector," CMA's final report recommended that the UK government pass new laws that will compel big accounting firms to put some distance between their auditing operations and their more lucrative consulting divisions. Such laws, it says, would prevent conflict of interest.
To stoke competition, the CMA also called for corporations across the UK to be forced to hire smaller "challenger" auditing firms to analyse their books along with the big four. However, it proposed that the largest and most complex organizations be excluded from this requirement.
But accounting firms have raised concerns and even severely criticized some elements of these proposals. Business lobby group, Confederation of British Industry, indicated that this move could undermine the confidence in corporate Britain.
Marcus Scott, the chief operating officer of TheCityUK, which represents financial services and professional firms, also criticized the proposals. He said that such recommendations may make for good headlines but are poorly focused. He further stated that "there was no evidence that they would lead to genuinely enhanced audits."
The CMA still insists that its blueprint will improve the profession. Andrew Tyrie, CMA chair and former Tory MP supported the blueprint and said that "people's livelihoods, savings, and pensions all depend on the auditors' job being done to a high standard." He pointed out that "too many fall short – more than a quarter of big company audits are considered sub-standard by the regulator. "This," he said, "cannot be allowed to continue."
Lord Torie also indicated that the government had also received similar recommendations from three separate reports. This was a reference to the recent Kingman review of audit regulation and the Brydon review of audit quality and effectiveness, which, he said, "In large part, they come to similar conclusions." He further pointed out that "conflicts of interest cannot be allowed to persist; nor can the UK afford to rely on only four firms to audit Britain's biggest companies any longer."
According to the CMA, the fact that large accountancy corporations are engaged to scrutinize companies' book while at the same time, earning huge fees for advising on corporate matters such as takeovers and tax issues, has fueled several conflict of interest allegations.
To avoid conflict of interest, the CMA has proposed that the auditing and consulting functions should be "operationally" separated, with different leadership, management teams, accounts and even pay policies. That means the two functions would no longer share profits or staff promotions. Even bonuses would now have to be on audit quality.
The current accounting regulator, the Financial Reporting Council, will perform a five-year progress review, even though the Kingman review had recommended its replacement with a tougher successor.
According to the CMA, the option of a full, structural split, which will compel accounting firms to split into two, entirely independent outfits, should remain under discussions during this review period. The CMA also said that any corporation that engages any of the big four accountancy firms should also hire a "challenger" audit firm to spur competition in the sector and help the smaller accounting firms grow.
The huge and most sophisticated corporations in the UK, which would likely include banks such as Barclays and HSBC, would be exempt from this requirement. However, EY, one of the big four firms has severely criticized the proposals and said that they were a missed opportunity and "risked the UK's attractiveness for business."
As far as EY is concerned, splitting up auditing and accounting functions would undermine the quality of auditing since the firms would then not be able to draw from critical skills, capabilities, and investments in the company. It would effectively diminish the resilience of the audit business.
Commenting on the proposals by CMA, EY said that, "at a time when the FRC [Financial Reporting Council] is reviewing corporate reporting, and the Brydon review may change the scope of audit, it appears ill-timed for the CMA to restrict the skills needed to deliver high-quality audit now and in the future."
KPMG also criticized the proposals for joint audits and said that "shareholders, audit committees and the regulator must have total confidence in the ability of these firms to complete this work before the market can move ahead with this recommendation."
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I thank God for your program. It's a good way to evangelize and it's a spiritual aid for me. UNSHACKLED! is my spiritual bedtime snack! Thank you!


Hey mates! Lol, British slang is definitely rolling off my tongue like hotcakes right now to everyone I cross paths with. Hands raised high if you enjoy that accent as much as I do! Shamefully, I tried cramming LONDON IN TWO HOURS on a red double decker tour bus yesterday, and I'm like wow, their accents and way of speaking is super cool, more than I ever imagined! Nevertheless, excuse my terrible attempts to use the slang in this post in advance, but I'm going for it!!
Before I start my jibber jabber, I'm just going to preface this post in saying, I absolutely love Europe. London is a place I'd never visited. Ironically, I've always fancied the culture and been extremely fond of it. Let me be honest, fond is an understatement, I have literally been obsessed with British culture, ways of life, the monarchy, accents, mannerisms, etc. since as long as I can remember. As an American, I'm actually chuffed with all the accomplishments and forward movements of Britain. I even double majored in English Literature and Creative Writing in my undergrad studies during college. Go figure, right! Jane Austen paved the way for my true passion, and I owe her much gratitude for introducing me to a culture, a place, a way of life, romance, etc. for a lifetime.
My travels to London were for the Wireless Fest, which was mad wicked!!!! Since it was extremely last minute and a spur of the moment type trip, I did not plan to stay longer than necessary. I know, not so brilliant on my end. I always assumed my first trip to England would need to be for at least 14 days or more because there's oh so much I've read about and imagined seeing, but when life presents opportunities that we can't reject, you learn to go with the flow. I am super grateful!
I knew I literally had less than five hours to explore on this day, and tried to figure out what the best way to see some things on my checklist would be. However, what I did not factor in (which I wouldn't have known about really) was the mad traffic in London. There are so many humans in this space, (some parts of London remind me of New York) composed of narrow streets which creates a great deal of the traffic. There were also two major events going on in the city which caused closures and diverted routes (Pride Walk and a World Cup Game). Cheers! England won and advanced to the finals! Needless to say, those five hours that I set out to explore ended up being a two-hour excursion (they dwindled quickly and my ventures were almost an utter shamble)! However, I'm still immensely grateful that I had the opportunity.
Places I ventured in this short time span were to the Financial District which is composed of newly built glass high-rise buildings that heavily remind me Dubai architecture. In that same area, I saw the infamous London Bridge and Tower Bridge! So much history lies in that part of town and as you figured, I wished I had loads more time to get off the double decker bus to explore. I easily could have spent a whole day in that part of London alone, so that's definitely on my todo list next trip.
After leaving the Financial District, I visited Buckingham Palace. As you can see from the photos above, I did get off on that stop because I'd be a complete wanker to not get that photo opp as a first time London tourist! I can't explain the feelings that arose in me when I saw this place. I fell in a complete space of awe and immediately felt a sense of thankfulness to be able to see something I've read about/ learned about for so long!
Like any famous tourist destination, surrounding the palace were so many tourists, so I didn't stay all that long. I did take a moment to take it in which is very important for me to always. My next excursions included the London Eye, Big Ben, Westminster Abbey, and few cool statues and monuments around town along the way!
Though London traffic sorta threw a wrench in my exploration, seeing a few good sites via the Double Decker bus was easy peasy and kept me quite entertained, even it was just listening to my tour guide ramble; better believe I was listening very keenly to pick up new phrases if nothing else. If you're considering a traditional tour, and an affordable means to see London on an upcoming trip, I suggest going this route as you'll get to see loads of bit's 'n bobs for a decent rate! My preference is always finding a local and going the one-on-one route whenever I travel. However, time obviously didn't permit for that this go-around.
Let's play a game? How many English slang words or phrased can you spot in this blogpost? Some of which I probably failed to use in the right context, but I gave it my best go!
Have any of you ever visited London? If yes, what's your favorite places and things to do while there? I'm compiling a proper list of things to do when I visit again so I'm taking notes!


Civil engineering is one of the extensive and oldest disciplines of engineering and it extends across many technical specialties. Civil engineers focus on planning, designing, and supervising the construction of facilities vital to modern life like offshore structures, bridges, buildings, tunnels, highways, transit systems, dams, airports, harbours, water supply system etc. A civil engineer is responsible for planning and designing a project, constructing the project as per the required scale, and maintaining the project. A civil engineer requires not only a high standard of engineering knowledge but also supervisory and administrative skills. Aspiring students can acquire these skills by enrolling themselves into one of the reputed civil engineering colleges in Jaipur.
After the aspiring civil engineers gain their degree, they can apply for wide range of job opportunities. They can avail employment in all the major construction projects under the state or central government like the public works departments (PWD), the railways and military. Civil engineers are in demand and are required mostly in private construction and real estate companies as project engineers.
Being the capital of Rajasthan, Jaipur has also become the educational hub in the state. The city currently houses more than two hundred colleges providing education in engineering, management, commerce, architecture and other sectors of education. Most of the civil engineering colleges in Jaipur are recognised for their state-of-the-art facilities and quality education. These colleges in the city are known for producing the engineers of next generation.
The eminence of these colleges can be assessed with a simple fact that they attract students from almost every part of the country. Many students from distant states come here to join these colleges which give guarantee of quality education and bright future. The top civil engineering colleges provide students with the facilities and environment suitable for studies, and also provide them with resources and thus act as a platform for a successful career as an engineer. Due to this reason, Jaipur is not only cherished by the local students but by also the students living in different parts of the country.
The affordable life in the city has made Jaipur one of the most popular destinations for pursuing engineering education. Jaipur is also an affordable city for pursuing education. Students from different regions can find affordable accommodation, dining, and coaching options without much struggle.
University of Engineering and Management (UEM), Jaipur is one of the most renowned colleges that offer versatile courses in civil engineering. It provides students industry experience and exposure and thus prepares them as expert future civil engineers.


I can almost smell the fruity scent from the Mango Kush pot seeds at EFOseeds.com. All of these mango kush pot seeds for sale are of the highest quality. The fluffiness of the kush will have you gushing over its beauty. This strain is mostly an indica that can leave you in a serious couch lock and isn't recommended for early use in the day. Catch heavy waves of fruity exotic smells that will put a smile on your face every time. Come to see why the mango kush pot seeds are so talked about amongst growers.


Last Thursday, Senator Heidi Heitkamp of North Dakota issued a series of tweets calling out U.S. Rep. Bob Goodlatte, R-Virginia, for holding up her bill, Savanna's Act.
Heitkamp submitted a series of tweets in one thread outlining how constituents could call on Goodlatte to move forward. She even reached out to Goodlatte's son Bobby Goodlatte in an appeal to approve the act.
Though Goodlatte may have been the sole figure holding up Savannah's Act, Heitkamp's bill faces another obstacle.
Having been stalled last week, the House is out until Wednesday and is scheduled to have only a few days back after that. Considering the end of the session is near, it is near the Christmas holiday and many of the politicians voted out are now without official offices, the questionable passage of Savanna's Act (as well as a federal spending bill and President Donald J. Trump's Mexican border wall) looks like an uphill climb.
… Trump, Democratic leaders and the Republican-controlled Congress are at a stalemate over the president's treasured border wall. But House Republican leaders are also confronting a more mundane and awkward problem: Their vanquished and retiring members are sick and tired of Washington and don't want to show up anymore to vote.
After the passage of the bill in the Senate, Savanna's Act, which would increase access to crime database information for tribal authorities, mandate training about murdered and missing Indigenous women for federal agencies and more, Goodlatte, chair of the House Judiciary Committee, indicated he had misgivings about Savanna's Act, thus stopping it from moving forward in the House.
Thus far, House Speaker Paul Ryan has not issued a statement publicly about whether or not there will be a vote before the final session adjourns.


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We created a stock analysis program for a client based in the United States. This program allows the company to process and predict intelligent insights suggesting stock buy, sell and hold decisions based on previous stock performance and algorithms that predict the future. The data is hosted on cloud platforms and processed on Hadoop. The processed information is now available on their website and mobile app.
Genora made a name in this industry while working with agencies that handle chains of hospitals in the United States. We created a platform to generate reports and quality checks before a surgery or entering the operation theatre. We also handled a separate project with an AI platform with a diabetics care chain to process information and automatically suggest ailments and medication.
Genora created a platform for insurance companies in Israel to send insurance claims over their mobile device or apps. It allowed the company to create reports going through various checks, helping instantly process claims, thereby saving time and effort.
Genora worked on creating a training module for pilots. We built a software recreating the black box data, thereby simulating the piloting of a flight with all the cockpit dials and controls. The system further has a bunch of flags allowing pilots to record and relearn from their errors.
We created a detailed ERP solution for Australian clients working with freight companies in the road logistics business. Genora has also worked on an app based end mile logistics delivery platform.
Genora started working with educational institutes across India to provide end to end ERP and mobile app solutions. The enterprise mobility platform has grown over the last 6 years and keeps getting better. We further went to work on an app based ebook project in New Zealand that revolutionised the educational content distribution system in New Zealand.
Genora has worked on multiple enterprise mobility solutions for companies ranging from startups to corporates. We ideally work with companies helping them develop customised mobile apps.
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These are all the online Australian Casinos, Sportsbooks, Poker sites and Bingo sites that accepts players from Australia. Not only do these casinos accept Aussie casino players but in many cases Aussie's can also deposit and play in Aussie Dollars. In other cases you can make deposits in Aussie dollars but they are converted to Euro, usually, or some other currency for game-play.
All of the Australian casino sites that we have reviewed to date are very reputable and cater to the players in the "Land Down Under" in one way or another.
With recent developments in the online gambling industry, software developers have placed restriction on players who can play their games. Most notable for Australians are the restrictions set out by Microgaming. Many or most of their games are restricted to players from Australia.
Here you will find casinos that offer games from multiple software providers to keep up a good game selection for Australian casino players. If you have any problems with any of these casinos please create your own review on or review pages or contact us so we can look into the situation.


text:
In this section: Outbreaks of Foodborne Illness
Outbreaks of Foodborne Illness
Investigations of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks
Public Health Advisories from Investigations of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks
Food Safety Tips for Consumers & Retailers During an Outbreak of Foodborne Illness
Food Safety Resources for Produce Shippers and Carriers During a Foodborne Illness Outbreak
Environmental Assessments from Foodborne Illness or Contamination Events
How to Report Seafood-Related Toxin and Scombrotoxin Fish Poisoning Illnesses
About the CORE Network
Foodborne Pathogens
Recalls, Outbreaks & Emergencies
Outbreak Investigation of Salmonella Newport: Red Onions (July 2020)
CDC announces the end of the outbreak; FDA releases Outbreak Investigation Report.
On March 13, 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released a report on its investigation of the Salmonella Newport outbreak that caused more than 1,600 reported illnesses in the U.S. and Canada between June and October 2020. The FDA worked with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), state partners, and Canadian officials (Public Health Agency of Canada and Canadian Food Inspection Agency) to investigate the outbreak, which was linked through epidemiology and traceback to whole red onions supplied by Thomson International Inc., headquartered in Bakersfield (Southern San Joaquin Valley) with additional operations in Holtville (Imperial Valley), California.
Although a conclusive root cause could not be identified, several potential contributing factors to the 2020 red onion outbreak were identified, including a leading hypothesis that contaminated irrigation water used in a growing field in Holtville, CA may have led to contamination of the onions. Thomson International Inc. cooperated with the FDA throughout the investigation and is continuing to engage with the FDA on the agency's findings and recommendations.
Food safety is a shared responsibility that involves food producers, distributors, manufacturers, retailers, and regulators. Recognizing the interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment when it comes to public health outcomes, we encourage collaboration among various groups in the broader agricultural community (i.e. livestock owners and produce growers, state government and academia) to address this issue. The FDA is committed to working with these stakeholders to advance critical work.
Technical Report: Factors Potentially Contributing to the Contamination of Red Onions Implicated in the Summer 2020 Outbreak of Salmonella Newport
FDA In Brief: FDA Releases Investigation Report Following 2020 Salmonella Outbreak Linked to Red Onions
Recalled Onions
On August 1, 2020, Thomson International, Inc. recalled all varieties of onions that could have come in contact with potentially contaminated red onions, due to the risk of cross-contamination. Recalled products include red, yellow, white, and sweet yellow onions shipped from May 1, 2020 to August 1, 2020. Onions were distributed to wholesalers, restaurants, and retail stores in all 50 states, the District of Columbia and Canada.
Recalls have also been initiated by companies that sold onions or products containing recalled onions.
FDA's List of Recalls of Food Products Associated with Onions from Thomson International, Inc.
FSIS Public Health Alert For Ready-to-Eat Meat and Poultry Products Containing FDA-Regulated Onions that have been Recalled
Case Count Map Provided by CDC
Case Counts
Total Illnesses: 1,127
Hospitalizations: 167
Last illness Onset Date: September 11, 2020
States with Cases: AK (25), AL (2), AZ (39), AR (2), CA (128), CO (32), CT (2), DE (2), FL (8), GA (11), HI (3), ID (43), IL (54), IN (4), IA (31), KS (3), KY (3), ME (6), MD (7), MA (2), MI (47), MN (19), MS (5), MO (11), MT (72), NE (10), NV (11), NH (1), NJ (12), NM (3), NY (14), NC (6), ND (9), OH (11), OK (1), OR (109), PA (27), RI (3), SC (1), SD (23), TN (7), TX (2), UT (115), VA (10), WA (150), WV (3), WI (11), WY (27)
Food Safety Tips for Retailers and Consumers During an Outbreak
What is Salmonella?
CDC's Outbreak Page
Public Health Agency Canada Outbreak Page
The FDA, along with CDC, Canadian, state, and local partners, has been investigating a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Newport infections. FDA's traceback portion of the investigation is complete and has identified Thomson International, Inc. of Bakersfield, CA, as the likely source of potentially contaminated red onions.
The multistate outbreak of Salmonella Newport infections linked to red onions from Thomson International, Inc. that were sold in several regions of the United States and Canada, investigated by the FDA, along with CDC, Canadian, state, and local partners, is over. The outbreak resulted in recalls for multiple onion varieties and products containing onions. FDA's traceback investigation identified a packing facility and multiple farms that supplied red onions during the time period of interest. Joint FDA, California Department of Public Health (CDPH), and California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) field-level investigations were initiated at multiple Thomson International Inc. locations and surrounding areas within days of identifying the suspect vehicle and the firm. However, most product had already been harvested and distributed by that time. Thus far, FDA has completed over 2000 product and environmental analyses from multiple Thomson International Inc. locations and surrounding areas, including water, soil, and scat samples. Although a variety of genetic strains of Salmonella Newport have been detected, as well as multiple other Salmonella serotypes, a genetic match to the outbreak strain has yet to be identified in any of the samples collected. Additional sample analysis is underway. Although the outbreak is being declared over, the FDA will be continuing its root cause investigation and will communicate any findings that could assist future prevention efforts.
The FDA investigation at Thomson International, Inc. ongoing. As part of the root cause investigation at Thomson International, Inc., FDA is collecting and analyzing product, water, and environmental samples.
Following the recall from Thomson International, Inc., additional products containing recalled onions have been identified and recalled. Available recall information is included below and will be updated as more products are identified and recalled.
The FDA has initiated an investigation at Thomson International, Inc. to learn more about the potential source of contamination. The investigation is ongoing and additional information will be provided as it becomes available.
Following the recall from Thomson International, Inc., additional products containing recalled onions have been identified and recalled.
The FDA, along with CDC and state and local partners, is investigating a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Newport infections. The Public Health Agency of Canada is also investigating an outbreak of Salmonella Newport illnesses that have a genetic fingerprint closely related to the U.S. outbreak.
Investigators in the U.S. and Canada have been collaborating to identify the source of this outbreak. On July 30, 2020, Canadian health officials announced that they had determined red onions from the U.S. to be the potential source of the Canadian outbreak. The Canadian investigation has also prompted a recall warning by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency.
Building on this information, and on epidemiologic information on the U.S. outbreak from CDC, the FDA's traceback investigation was able to identify Thomson International, Inc. as a likely source of contaminated red onions in the U.S.
On August 1, 2020, Thomson International, Inc. recalled all varieties of onions that could have come in contact with potentially contaminated red onions, due to the risk of cross-contamination. Recalled products include red, yellow, white, and sweet yellow onions shipped from May 1, 2020 to present.
Consumers who have symptoms should contact their health care provider to report their symptoms and receive care.
To report a complaint or adverse event (illness or serious allergic reaction), you can
Call an FDA Consumer Complaint Coordinator if you wish to speak directly to a person about your problem.
Complete an electronic Voluntary MedWatch form online.
Complete a paper Voluntary MedWatch form that can be mailed to FDA.
Submit Questions/Get Assistance


text:
\section{Introduction}
Energy transport via heat conduction is fundamental to fusion \cite{Hinton:1976a}, space \cite{Parker:1964a, DePontieu:2011a} and astrophysical \cite{Cowie:1977a} plasmas. The micro-physics of heat conduction in weakly collisional and magnetized plasmas is not well understood,  although it is significant for modeling global systems. Observations of heat flux (HF) in collisionless solar wind \cite{Scime:1994a, Bale:2013a} and intracluster medium (ICM) \cite{Markevitch:2000a, Markevitch:2003a} show significant departure from the classical Spitzer-H{\"a}rm HF, suggesting the necessity of HF regulation mechanisms in absence of Coulomb collisions.

In high-$\beta_e$ ($\beta_e \equiv 8\pi n_e k_B T_e / B_0^2$) space and astrophysical plasmas, HF constraint by whistler instabilities has been studied extensively by theories \cite{Gary:1975b, Gary:1994a, Pistinner:1998a, Gary:2000a} and simulations \cite{Roberg-Clark:2018a, Komarov:2017a}, predicting a marginal HF scaling $q_e\propto 1/\beta_e$, which is consistent with solar wind observations \cite{Gary:1999a}. However, the HF regulation mechanism in low-$\beta_e$ plasmas is less well understood due to scarcity of observational data \cite{Gary:1998b, Gary:1999a}. In this Letter, we fill the gaps by presenting the first joint distribution of HF and electron beta in the solar wind at 1AU using a statistically large dataset, and showing compelling experimental evidence that HF-driven Alfv{\'e}n instabilities effectively limit HF in the low-$\beta_e$ solar wind.

The solar wind is a highly-ionized, weakly collisional plasma that expands super-Alfv{\'e}nically from the solar corona into the heliosphere. Significant field aligned electron HF arises from the anisotropy in the electron velocity distribution function (eVDF), which is often modeled as a superposition of three gyrotropic populations: a cool dense `core', a hotter tenuous `halo' \cite{Feldman:1975a}, and a beam-like field-aligned `strahl' \cite{Rosenbauer:1977a}. In the solar wind frame (here, we define the solar wind frame as the frame in which the total current of all solar wind ion species is zero), the core electrons drift sunward along the background magnetic field line, whereas the suprathermal (halo and strahl) electrons drift anti-sunward. The drift velocities of core and suprathermal electron populations are anti-correlated, maintaining near zero net electric current in the solar wind frame \cite{Feldman:1975a, Scime:1994a}.

\section{Solar wind electron measurements}
\label{section:dataset}
 We use a solar wind electron dataset \cite{Pulupa:2014} produced by non-linear fits to the electron velocity distribution function (VDF), measured by two electron detectors (EESA-L and EESA-H \cite{Lin:1995a}) onboard the \emph{Wind} spacecraft. Spacecraft potential is corrected using independent measurements of electron density by the \emph{Wind}/WAVES Thermal Noise Receiver (TNR) \cite{Bougeret:1995a} using quasi-thermal noise analysis \cite{Meyer-Vernet:1989a}.

Each electron VDF is fitted to a two-component model:
$f_{fit}(v_{||}, v_\perp) = f_c(v_{||}, v_\perp) + f_h(v_{||}, v_\perp)$
where $f_c$ and $f_h$ correspond to the core and halo electrons. The core distribution takes the form of a drifting, bi-Maxwellian
$f_c(v_{||}, v_\perp) = A_c\exp{\left[-\left(v_{||}-v_{dc}\right)^2/v_{Tc||}^2 - v_\perp^2/v_{Tc\perp}^2\right]}$, where $A_c = 2n_c v_\perp /\sqrt{\pi} v_{Tc\perp}^2v_{Tc||}$ and $v_{Tcj} = \sqrt{2T_{cj}/m_e}$, $(j=||, \perp)$. The halo distribution takes the form of a drifting, bi-kappa
$f_h(v_{||}, v_\perp) = A_h B_h$ $\left[1+\left(v_{||}-v_{dc}\right)^2/v_{Th||}^2 + v_\perp^2/v_{Th\perp}^2\right]^{-\kappa-1}$
where $A_h=2n_h v_\perp /\sqrt{\pi}v_{Th\perp}^2v_{Th||}$, $B_h=\Gamma(\kappa+1)/\Gamma(\kappa-1/2)$ and the thermal velocities $v_{Thj} = \sqrt{(2\kappa-3)T_{hj}/m_e}$, $(j=||, \perp)$.

The strahl electrons are characterized by the difference between the measured VDF and the fitted VDF: $f_s(v_{||}, v_\perp)=f(v_{||}, v_\perp)-f_{fit}(v_{||}, v_\perp)$. In this Letter we use the strahl density $n_s$ and the effective drift speed $v_{ds}$, as computed from the zeroth and first moments of $f_s$.

\begin{figure*}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.9\textwidth]{f1.eps}
\caption{
Measured solar wind electron distribution functions and fits. The top two panels show $f(v)$ in the slow solar wind ($v_{sw} \approx$ 381 km/s), with $f(v_\perp)$ in panel (a) and $f(v_{\parallel})$ in panel (b).  Hollow squares show the EESA-L data, while asterisks mark the EESA-H data and small black dots mark the 1-count level for each detector. The red curve in panel (a) is the fit to the measured $f(v_\perp)$.  The green curve
in panel (b) is the fit to $f(v_{\parallel})$. The strahl appears clearly as an enhanced field-aligned feature which is limited in energy.
Panels (c) and (d) show the same features in the fast solar wind ($v_{sw} \approx$ 696 km/s).}
\label{fig:fit}
\end{center}
\end{figure*}

Figure \ref{fig:fit} shows typical electron VDFs measured in the fast and slow solar wind; fast wind is characterized by hotter,  more tenuous plasma than slow wind.  The top panels show cuts through the perpendicular velocity distribution $f(v_\perp)$ and the parallel velocity distribution $f(v_\parallel)$ on the left and right, respectively, for an interval of slow solar wind.  Data from EESA-L and EESA-H are included, shown as diamonds and stars respectively, and the `one count' levels for each detector are shown as dotted black lines.  The two detectors are well inter-calibrated.  The bottom panels show the same for an interval of fast wind.

Following the aforementioned procedure, we obtain 154,567 independent electron measurements from two, 2 year intervals: 1995–-1997 (solar minimum) and 2001-–2002 (solar maximum), and include only `ambient' solar wind (no coronal mass ejections (CMEs), foreshock, etc.). Intervals of `bidirectional' heat flux (usually associated with CMEs) are also excluded. We define the direction of strahl electron HF to be the positive direction, hence the core electron drift is negative within fitting error.
For a single nonlinear fit, the fitted core electron drift velocity is comparable to the fitting error \cite{Pulupa:2014}. We invoke the zero current condition to infer core electron drifts from densities and drifts of suprathermal electrons \cite{Feldman:1976a, Feldman:1976b, Scime:1994a}: $v_{dc} = -(n_h v_{dh} + n_s v_{ds})/n_c$.

\section{Linear theory}
\label{section:linearTheory}
Growth rate contours of linear instabilities have been proven successful  in characterizing marginally stable plasmas \cite{Hellinger:2006a}. Linear Alfv{\'e}n HF instabilities have been studied in the literature \cite{Gary:1975b, Gary:1998b, Tong:2015c} by solving the full set of the linear Vlasov-Maxwell equations. We extend the above calculation to cover the range $\beta_{c\parallel} \in [0.1, 1]$. The electron VDF is modeled by two drifting bi-Maxwellian components representing the core and halo, while the proton VDF is assumed to be isotropic and Maxwellian. We also assume charge neutrality $n_p=n_c+n_h$ and zero current $n_cv_{dc}+n_hv_{dh}=0$.

Simple wave-particle resonance analysis shows that the Alfv{\'e}n HF instability strongly Landau resonates with the core electrons, weakly Landau/cyclotron resonates with protons, and barely interacts with the high energy halo and strahl electrons \cite{Gary:1975b, Gary:1998b}. Therefore, ignoring the strahl is a reasonable assumption for the growth rate calculation and should not limit our discussion to the slow solar wind where strahl electrons are scarce. In fact we shall see that the linear theory and the electron data agrees well in low-$\beta_{c||}$ solar wind, which is often fast wind. The same argument based on resonance analysis justifies our usage of bi-Maxwellian VDF for halo electrons. Using a drifting kappa VDF will be more accurate but we expect that the correction is small \cite{Saeed:2017a}.

We use the following typical solar wind dimensionless parameters (which are consistent with the dataset): $n_c/n_p = 1-n_h/n_p = 0.95$,  $v_A/c = 10^{-4}$, $T_{c||}/T_{c\perp} = T_{h||}/T_{h\perp}=1$ and $T_{h||}/T_{c||} = 6$. The three variables are $v_{dc}/v_A$, $\beta_{c||}$ and $T_{c}/T_p$. For every point in the $(-v_{dc}/v_A, \beta_{c||})$ plane, we search the wavenumber space for the maximum growth rate of the Alfv{\'e}n HF instabilities with $T_c/T_p$ taking value of $0.5, 1$ or $2$.

Whistler HF instabilities have been studied in linear theories \cite{Gary:1975b, Gary:1994a, Gary:1999a}, quasi-linear theory \cite{Pistinner:1998a} and nonlinear kinetic simulations \cite{Roberg-Clark:2018a, Komarov:2017a}, all showing the similar scaling $q_e\propto 1/\beta_e$. In this Letter, we use the linear whistler HF instability threshold on the electron HF at a fixed growth rate $\gamma/\Omega_{p} = 10^{-2}$ from \cite{Gary:1999a}:

\begin{equation}
\frac{q_e}{q_{0}} = \frac{1.47}{\sqrt{2}\beta_{c\parallel}^{1.07}}
\label{eq:gary1999formula}
\end{equation}
where $q_{0} = 3/2n_e k_B T_{c\parallel} v_{Tc||}$ is the free streaming heat flux corresponding to transport of the thermal energy at the thermal speed\footnote{Note that \cite{Gary:1999a} defines $v_{Tc}= \sqrt{k_BT_{c\parallel}/m_e}$ instead, leading to a difference of $\sqrt{2}$ in Eq. (\ref{eq:gary1999formula}).}.

In this simple drifting core-halo model, electron drift and electron HF are linearly correlated in the absence of temperature anisotropy \cite{Feldman:1976a}:

\begin{equation}
\frac{q_e}{q_{0}} = \frac{5}{3} \frac{n_c}{n_e} \frac{v_{dc}}{v_{Tc}}\left(\frac{T_{h\parallel}}{T_{c\parallel}}-1\right)
\label{eq:twoComponentQ}
\end{equation}

\section{Instability constraints on core drifts and electron heat flux}

Panel (a) of Figure \ref{fig:driftBetaPanel} shows the joint distribution of $-v_{dc}/v_A$ and $\beta_{c||}$. The overplotted color curves show the contours of the maximum growth rates at $\gamma/\Omega_p=10^{-2}$ in the core-halo-proton plasmas with  $-v_{dc}/v_A$ and $\beta_{c||}$: the three red curves correspond to the Alfv{\'e}n HF instabilities with $T_c/T_p = 0.5$ (solid), $1$ (dashed) and $2$ (dotted); the green curve stands for the whistler HF instability given by Eq. (\ref{eq:twoComponentQ}) and Eq. (\ref{eq:gary1999formula}). Other plasma parameters are given in the previous section. There is an apparent upper bound on $-v_{dc}/v_A$ that increases with $\beta_{c||}$ until $\beta_{c||}\sim 1$ and then decreases with $\beta_{c||}$. This feature is consistent with the Alfv{\'e}n HF instability threshold in the low-$\beta_{c||}$ regime and with the whistler HF instability threshold in the higher-$\beta_{c||}$ regime. The differences among the red curves in the panel show that the Alfv{\'e}n HF instability is highly susceptible to the core-proton temperature ratio $T_c/T_p$, since the instability is resonant with both core electrons and protons \cite{Gary:1998b}.

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{f2.eps}
\caption{Joint distributions of the dimensionless core electron drift speed and the core electron parallel beta with data contours in black dashed curves. Overlaid color lines represent the $\gamma/\Omega_p=10^{-2}$ linear growth rate coutours associated with Alfv{\'e}n waves (red) and whistler waves (green). The joint distribution in panel (a) uses all data in the dataset, while those in panel (b)-(d) are conditioned on different thresholding core-proton-temperature ratios.}
\label{fig:driftBetaPanel}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

Panels (b)-(d) of Figure \ref{fig:driftBetaPanel} show the same joint distribution $(-v_{dc}/v_A, \beta_{c||})$ as the panel (a) but with conditions $T_c/T_p>0.5, 1, 2$ respectively. The Alfv{\'e}n HF instability growth rate contours based on the linear kinetic theory align strikingly well with the empirical joint distributions contours at different values of $T_c/T_p$. We interpret the above agreement as compelling evidence that the Alfv{\'e}n HF instability regulates the core electron drifts in low$-\beta_{c||}$ solar wind at $1$AU.

We also show instability constraints on the electron HF. The top panel of Figure \ref{fig:heatfluxBetaPanel} shows color scale plot of the joint distribution of $q_e/q_0$ and $\beta_{c||}$, overplotted with the instability thresholds at $\gamma /\Omega_p = 10^{-2}$. The green curve shows the whistler HF instability threshold corresponding to Eq. (\ref{eq:gary1999formula}). The three red curves are the theoretical Alfv{\'e}n HF instability upper bounds on $q_e/q_0$ obtained by transforming the core electron drift thresholds (also red curves) in Figure \ref{fig:driftBetaPanel} using Eq. (\ref{eq:twoComponentQ}).  The empirical upper bound on $q_e/q_0$ show the similar dependence on $T_c/T_p$ as $-v_{dc}/v_A$ (not shown here) when $\beta_{c||} \lesssim 1$. Clearly the Alfv{\'e}n HF instability and the whistler HF instability effectively impose an upper bound on the electron HF in observation.

We notice that while the theoretical Alfv{\'e}n HF instability threshold stays above the observed values of $q_e/q_0$, the constraint is not as tight as in the case of core electron drifts (c.f. Figure \ref{fig:driftBetaPanel}). Also in comparison, the whistler HF instability threshold imposes a tighter constraint on $q_e/q_0$ for $\beta_{c||} \gtrsim 2$. The tightness of the theoretical bounds on $q_e/q_0$ can be shown to be related to the abundance of strahl electrons. Since the electron VDF in our linear theory does not include strahl electrons, the theoretical relation between core electron drifts and electron HF (Eq. (\ref{eq:twoComponentQ})) departs slightly from observations. Figure \ref{fig:strahlHeatflux} shows the joint normalized distribution of $q_e/q_{model}$ and $n_s/n_e$, where $q_e$ is the observed electron HF, and $q_{model}$ is the HF calculated from Eq. (\ref{eq:twoComponentQ}) using the core electron drift. When the fraction of strahl electrons is low, the model HF agrees well with observations, yielding $q_e/q_{model}\approx 1$. However, as the fraction of strahl electron increases, the two-component model often overestimates the HF at a given core electron drift. We estimate that the presence of strahl electrons could lead to an order unity correction to Eq. (\ref{eq:twoComponentQ}).

Returning to Figure \ref{fig:heatfluxBetaPanel},  the bottom panel shows the contours of the empirical joint distribution of $q_e/q_0$ and $\beta_{c||}$ conditioned on low strahl fraction (blue, $n_s/n_c>0.02$) and high strahl fraction (red, $n_s/n_c< 10^{-3}$ ). Apparently the occurrence of high fraction of strahl electrons concentrates in the low-$\beta_{c||}$ regime, justifying that the Alfv{\'e}n HF instability threshold on the electron HF is not as tight as that on the core electron drift.

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{f3.eps}
\caption{The upper panel shows the joint distribution of the normalized electron HF and the core electron parallel beta overplotted with linear wave instability contours (red for Alfv{\'e}n waves and green for whistler waves) at $\gamma/\Omega_p=10^{-2}$.  The lower panel shows the data contours when thresholding for abundant (blue) and scarce (red) strahl electrons.}
\label{fig:heatfluxBetaPanel}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\begin{figure}
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{f4.eps}
\caption{Joint normalized distribution of $q_e/q_{model}$ and $n_s/n_e$ and the distribution of data with $n_s/n_e$. $q_{model}$ is the electron HF calculated from core drift by assuming the two-component-electron model (Eq. (\ref{eq:twoComponentQ})). }
\label{fig:strahlHeatflux}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

\section{Discussion}
We show that in low-$\beta_{c||}$ solar wind the Alfv{\'e}n HF instability effectively constrains the sunward core electron drift velocity $v_{dc}$ and therefore also constrains the electron HF $q_e$ by the strong correlation between $v_{dc}$ and $q_e$, which is linear (Eq. (\ref{eq:twoComponentQ})) if temperature anisotropy and strahl electrons are ignored. Our result suggests that low-beta solar wind has an upper bound on HF which directly depends on the local plasma properties, differing from the classical Spitzer-H{\"a}rm HF and the free streaming HF. This is relevant to modeling the energy transport and the dynamics of the coronae and winds associated with our sun and other stars.

We note that the dataset of solar wind electrons at 1AU is dominated by plasmas with $\beta_{c||}\sim O(1)$ (see Figure \ref{fig:driftBetaPanel}). Since the plasma beta decreases with closer distance to the sun, coming missions exploring the inner heliosphere, namely the Parker Solar Probe and the Solar Orbiter will further test the role of the Alfv{\'e}n HF instability in low-beta space plasmas.

We also note that the Alfv{\'e}n HF instability generates sunward-propagating kinetic Alfv{\'e}n waves at $k\rho_p \sim 1$ with $\theta_{kB}\sim 80^\circ$, providing a means to generate kinetic scale fluctuations without explicitly invoking nonlinear turbulence cascade. Enhanced field fluctuations may also modify core electron and proton heating.

The authors acknowledge helpful discusisions with Alfred Mallet, Trevor Bowen, David Sundkvist and Ivan Vosko. Work on Wind/3DP data at UC Berkeley is supported in part by NASA grant NNX16AP95G, and work on Solar Wind Electrons is supported by NASA Grant NNX16AI59G and NSF SHINE 1622498.

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaArXiv


Northumbrian Water Group (NWG) are an asset owner and water services provider across the North East (Northumbrian Water Ltd) and South East (Essex and Suffolk Water) regions, supplying water and sewerage services to 4.5 million people.
As a publically funded body, they have been challenged to 'deliver more for less'. Water companies operate in 5 year Asset Management Plan (AMP) cycles in which they secure funding from OFWAT (regulatory body) to deliver a number of outputs to satisfy commitments which they make to their customers. Within the current AMP6 period, NWG have been challenged to realise 22% of efficiencies while delivering an equivalent number of outputs to previous AMP periods.
OFWAT Service incentive mechanism (SIM) – continual assessment, ranking, reward and penalty against changes customer satisfaction.
Their challenge is to deliver this step-change in performance and achieve the customer outcomes, financial efficiencies and the organisational vision to be "The national leader in the provision of sustainable water and waste water services".
AMP6 presented a huge opportunity for NWG to transform its approach to the development, delivery and operation of its assets and in doing so enable a step change in business performance, supply chain engagement, efficiency and customer service.


Personally i feel the M4 is the best car available in the whole M series BMW is offering.It has different suspension modes COMFORT, SPORT and SPORT+ , and plus it has other modes for steering, gear change etc. And one extra mode is the Active M Differential which enhances traction.Some people say that M4 is a bit tough to control because of the power it has got, but no its not. The car has got a good grip on the road. And in the wet, you can be the drift king you wanted to be from always, by just locking the diff.
And now talking about the interior of the car, it is surely better then the standard 3 series, everything including the gearshift handle, seat covers, stearing wheel, everything is been upgraded in this model of the M series car.
It's the highest and best performing car in the M4 series of BMW.
With the features the car comes the cost is set low.
The aggressive looks and curvaceous lines of the M4 decreases the passenger and boot space of the car.
According to other car journalists the cars exhaust is lower then other sort of cars.


text:
Andrew Brandt
Follow @threatresearch
For your lunchtime* long read this afternoon, I'd like to point you to some work I'm quite proud of that was published today.
SophosLabs found what we now suspect may be an APT Android malware targeting people with a connection to Pakistan.
*in N America
news.sophos.com/en-us/2021/01/…
So I'm sure you're thinking like, hey, it's Pakistan, why should I care?
Let's get to the core of the problem with this question:
- nobody deserves to be hit with very intrusive surveillance
- Pakistan is a nuclear-armed nation in tense relationships with its neighbors
Here's the other problem with minimizing this because "this was just an attack on [not my country]"
The malware didn't actually care where you were located; All it wanted was every last piece of sensitive or personal data from the infected phone.
I ran it from the US.
Then there was the way the malware and its associated websites were thematically connected.
One of the malicious apps was called Pakistan Chat. The C2 for that malware was pakchat[.]online.
One was a fake version of "TPL Insurance." C2: tplinsurance[.]xyz
Not a coincidence.
The most OPSEC effort seems to have gone into the app for the Pakistan Citizen Portal. That's the Pakistani government's (legitimate, official) "file a complaint" app. The real version is on Google Play (shown here for comparison)
Because it's a semi-official government app, the Pakistani Citizen Portal requires you to provide things like National ID numbers and other identifying information. The malicious version steals all that, along with anything else it can scrape up.
Worse, we found a website hosting a download of the malicious Pakistan Citizen Portal app at pmdu[.]info. The page is decorated to look like the Google Play store page, but only produces the malicious version of the app when you click either the Google Play or Download button.
For a while we couldn't figure out how people were finding the malicious domain. We suspected someone might be spamming SMS messages to people in Pakistan. But then we also found that someone hacked and modified an official Pakistani government webpage to link to it.
Over the past weekend, the official government webpage that was linking to the malware was defaced and then went offline. The defacer apparently advertised in December that they are "selling government web shells with full access" to the files on the webserver.
So this has been a quite elaborate attack, in that the attackers:
- set up a fake website
- made an effort to make it look real
- hacked and very subtly modified a real Pakistani government website to link to the fake website
- registered domains thematically connected to apps
And now a lot of the trail leading back to the attackers is going cold, having been burned by our reporting and, possibly, by our repeated attempts to alert the Pakistani authorities to the problem.
There's a deeper problem that this highlights.
Because the malware looks nothing like the more typical Android spyware apps we've researched in the past, I would welcome outside groups who investigate nation-state espionage attacks to take a look at the IoCs and reach out to me if you know anything.
github.com/sophoslabs/IoC…
The fact the attackers went to great lengths to hide what they were doing behind a plausible facade, even using the names of legitimate Android code library classes to camouflage their malicious embedded code, speaks to the level of sophistication of the attackers. Sketchy.
One of the modified apps is a muslim prayer clock, which can tell you the correct time to pray if you're observant. This app, like the others, wanted to know everyone you talked to, messaged with, and could turn on the mic and camera on demand - targeted at a specific religion.
We also found a handful of what appear to be prototype malicious apps (called "basicadvancesample") with similar features.
Be very careful only to download apps from legitimate app stores. If asked to sideload an app from somewhere else, I'd recommend against it.
Keep Current with Andrew Brandt
More from @threatresearch
@threatresearch
I've been following this story just so I could see what happened to this guy.
I have a very personal story to tell about Camp Auschwitz.
https://twitter.com/DrEricDing/status/1349363525509111808
Growing up Jewish, you get told the stories of the camps. When I was growing up, we had holocaust survivors come in to my elementary school and talk about their experiences. I remember each vividly. I remember the paper thin skin on arms still marred with tattoos of numbers.
Here's me with my dad, back in pre-pandemic 2019 when we last were able to see one another. He's holding a photograph that hung on the wall of my grandmother's bedroom. It's a photo of my grandfather with his family back in Poland, just before the start of WW2.
7 Aug 20
As a person with a family member who works in municipal government here in CO, it is a terrible burden for "defense of the nation" to fall to individual small cities.
It's long past time for USG to see these as acts of war by hostile nations, rather than unconnected 'muggings'
https://twitter.com/campuscodi/status/1291758749640732674
I spend a lot of time reading about and discussing ransomware attacks with colleagues who actively counter the attacks in real time.
We cannot help but recognize the geographic dimensions of "where ransomware attacks originate" because it's right there in the code!
Virtually all ransomware has, as part of its normal operation, a form of config file that is used both to focus its encryption efforts on files its creators deem most sensitive, and (more importantly) to restrict its functionality only to machines in its target geo region.
So, a little thread about phone scamming that has been targeting...me, personally.
Three years ago, I bought a laptop from Dell, direct from the website. Two, in fact. I began to have problems right away, and contacted their support team. 1/
Some of you know, I used to work for one of the larger consumer tech publications in north America. Based on (outdated) perceptions of their reliability and support, I thought this would be resolved quickly.
Not only did that not happen, but then scammers began to target me. 2/
Now, not to toot my own horn too much, but I'm no easy mark. I know a scam call, SMS, or email when I see one.
But this was somewhat different. This scammer knew 3 things: I had bought from Dell; I had ordered online; I had sought service from Dell. 3/
Today I'm at the @VotingVillageDC to mess around with some voting machines. The folks in here have made some interesting discoveries.
@VotingVillageDC Today I spent quite some time using the ES&S AutoMARK voting machine. It runs Windows CE 5.0 on what I'm told is an ARM processor.
These machines were used in an election in Williamsburg, VA in November, 2018 according to the logs on the devices
@VotingVillageDC At first we just toyed around with the menus in the AutoMARK. There's a lot of interesting information that's accessible using the default password of "vogue" (someone's a Madonna fan!)
Get emails when @threatresearch has new unrolls!
Check out other threads from @threatresearch!
Read all threads by @threatresearch


Home Inventions Who invented Zip Ties?
Popularly known as Cable Ties, zip ties are lengthened strips used all over the world. These strips are made up of plastics, nylon, rubber, and Velcro- for commercial usage. The zip ties are used to organize cables by preventing them from getting entangled efficiently hides cables making your house/office looking clean, and also they prevent children from tripping over cables furthermore limiting cables from getting disconnected and damaged.
Zip ties were first fabricated by Thomas & Betts in 1958 under the brand name Ty-Rap. The idea of the zip ties came to Maurus C. Logan while he was excursions a Boeing aircraft manufacturing facility in 1956. He noticed aircraft wiring was a bulky, unmanageable, and intricate work which involved the use of boundless feet of wire kept on sheets of 50-foot long plywood and that was held in place with knotted nylon cords. Each knot had to fasten tight by wrapping it around one's finger which subsequently cut the operator's fingers a number of times.
This gave Logan an impulse to design an easier, more forgiving, way to accomplish this critical task. On experimenting for two long years, on June 24, 1958, Ty-Rap cable tie was fabricated and a patent for the same was submitted.
Logan worked for Thomas & Betts when his invention got recognition. Founded by Princeton graduated engineers- Thomas and Hobart D. Betts in 1898, Thomas and Betts, is renowned as the inventor of cable ties and facilitator of wire harnesses. Over the years, it has gained recognition as a design and manufacturing company that produces components for electrical and communication markets. In 2012, ABB bought Thomas & Betts for $3.9 billion.
Decorating Christmas Lights Garland and Wreaths : On using zip ties for the hanging of lights, garlands, and wreaths, you will notice beautifully these will go on straight, and will remain as it is throughout the season. The same can be done while decorating lights around tree branches to secure their place. Since Zip ties are available in a variety of colours, choose one that will camouflage with your decoration and the ambience.
Childproof Your Home : Have mischievous kids at home? If yes, then rather than locking up your cupboards and cabinets, simply use zip ties to childproof them. It's much cheaper and just as effective. Also once you're done, snip the ties off, and trash them.
Secure Your Suitcases Just in a minute cinch the two zippers of your suitcase together using a zip tie whenever and wherever you travel. In such cases always carry a few extra ones.
Next articleWho invented Ranch Dressing?


Senate Secretary: William G Smith Jr.
Welcome to Louisville - T N B A Bowlers !!
We in Louisville, as members of The National Bowling Association, would like to introduce ourselves to those of you who may not be aware of our local bowling organization.
The "Derbytown Senate", is now over twenty-five years old. In that time we have been growing steadily. We are able to offer varied and interesting bowling programs for our adult members, as well as a flourishing junior program for our children.
We believe that we have a wonderful group of people in our senate. We are sure that you will be welcomed warmly when you come to visit our city. If you can't come to the Derby City in person, then stop by our web site to get frequent updates regarding our bowling senate and tidbits about our local area.
We are pleased to provide you with this sample of our hospitality and look forward to extending our friendship in the future.
We will look forward to seeing you soon in the Derby City of Louisville, Kentucky.


The US hopes regional actors will be positive about helping Afghanistan go into a peace accord that will stabilize the war-torn country, the Afghan news agency Pajhwok reported on Wednesday.
The US permanent representative to NATO stressed the need for efforts to get all Afghan factions to agree on a common goal -- a strong and independent Afghanistan.
Kay Bailey Hutchison told reporters in Brussels on Tuesday that neighbors should help Afghanistan check the growth of terrorist networks.
Asked about a recent meeting in Moscow, the ambassador said: "I think you have to get into the peace talks and the peace discussions before you talk about an end result."


text:
Q: How to bind an image inside v-for in Vue.js? I have tried all the solutions on the internet but have not been able to print the pictures on the screen in any way. Am I making a very simple mistake? File names and folders are correct.
While giving the path, I want to get the picture registered with the name subclubName from the related folder by giving sub-club name from the data. E.g Art.jpg. I would be very happy if you could help.
<template>

            Social Interest e-Club

Start

Finish

    <form class="questionnaire-result" action="#">

Here are your result!

 Sub-Club

 Score

 Want to Join?

50" class="score-result" style="color:#0cf12a ">{{subclub.score}}%

{{subclub.score}}%

50">
                        <input class="join-btn option-input checkbox" type="checkbox" v-model="subclubName" :value="index" >

        <button @click=" goToHomePage()" class="button "> JOIN </button>

    </form>

</template>

A: Just using "@/assets/" wont work to get root (src) directory url. Wrap the string with require() and remove quotations from subclub.subclubName variable
Like

Also you can use ES6 template literals to concatenate strings with variables as below
<img class="image" :src="require(`@/assets/sub-clubs-images/${subclub.subclubName}.jpg`)" width="75">

A: you must use require. like this:

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
Home News Archive Activities Struan Stevenson: Ethnic, religious minorities persecuted in Iran
Struan Stevenson: Ethnic, religious minorities persecuted in Iran
Former European lawmaker Struan Stevenson spoke on Saturday at a conference in Istanbul on Minority Rights in Iranian Society.
He said: The mullahs' regime in Iran is systematically persecuting ethnic and religious minorities, "Iran is a deeply corrupt country. Its fascist leadership thrives on oppression.
"Iran has many ethnic minorities – Azeris, Kurds, Arabs and Baluchis, among others. Also there are many religious minorities: The Sunnis live in many parts of Iran and are believed to number over 10 million. There also Christians, Jews, Zoroastrians and Baha'is," said Mr. Stevenson, a former President of the European Parliament's Delegation for Relations with Iraq and the current President of the European Iraqi Freedom Association (EIFA).
"But these minorities are victims of constant persecution. They face arbitrary detention, torture, unfair trials and extrajudicial executions, as well as the destruction of their cemeteries and holy places. These persecutions not only target the Baha'is, a religious minority not recognized by the Iranian Constitution, but also target Christians, Jews and even Sunni Muslims, Sufis and other branches of Islam."
"Many Sunnis live in the capital Tehran, which has a population of 15 million in the city and its suburbs. But the regime has not permitted even one Sunni mosque to be built in Tehran; indeed a small Sunni prayer house was recently demolished by the Revolutionary Guards."
Until the arrival of Khomenei, Iran's ethnic and religious communities had been "living peacefully and fraternally together in Iran for centuries," Mr. Stevenson said. "There are representatives of these ethnic and religious minorities in the opposition NCRI, fighting together for a free Iran."
The National Council of Resistance of Iran (NCRI), Mr. Stevenson said, has "adopted plans for equal rights for different religions and ethnic minorities. For example they emphasize that the government cannot deprive the rights of anyone for their beliefs or non-beliefs in a religion, nor can they grant special advantages to them. According to the NCRI, an Iranian lady, who may be Kurd or Arab or Sunni, can be elected as the President. The NCRI plan for the autonomy of Iranian Kurdistan, according to many Kurds, is very progressive. These are the plans which have been adopted by the NCRI and have to be implemented in a future free Iran as far as the NCRI are concerned."
Mr. Stevenson also highlighted the plight of Iranian women under the mullahs' rule.
"Women are treated as an inferior species and regularly abused and repressed by the misogynist mullahs. Many young women have been blinded and disfigured in acid attacks condoned by the State simply for the offence of not wearing their veil properly. Unfortunately the West and particularly the EU have closed their eyes to these crimes."
He also referred to the 1988 prison massacre by Iran's regime of 30,000 dissidents over their affiliation to the main opposition group People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran (PMOI, or MEK).
"One of their biggest targets for arrest, imprisonment, torture and execution is the PMOI or MEK. Over 30,000 of them were summarily executed on the direct orders of Ayatollah Khomeini in the 1980s in a pogrom of such ferocity that it shook Iran. Nevertheless, it caused barely a stir of criticism in the West. Today, supporters of the PMOI face a mandatory death sentence under the Iranian Constitution for 'Waging War against God!' It is interesting to note that this organization is not Christian or Sunni, or Kurd or Arab. It is a political movement, which is really a sample of all the religions and nationalities of Iran, although the majority of the 30,000 murdered by Khomeini's fatwa were in fact Persian Shi'ia."
"It is through repression, violence and terror that the Iranian regime responds to peaceful calls to put an end to attacks on minority rights."
"More than 2000 people have been hanged under the so-called 'moderate' leadership of President Rouhani, many of them were Sunnis."
"Whoever takes up the challenge of countering Iran should be certain of one thing; there is a credible Opposition movement waiting in the wings to take over power from the evil mullahs."
"The PMOI and their inspirational leader Mrs. Maryam Rajavi are ready to restore democracy, justice, human rights and women's rights in Iran," Mr. Stevenson added.
Celebrating the Beginning of the 56th Anniversary of the Foundation of the MEK in Various Countries
Iranian Opposition Prepares for Protests at the Traditional Fire Festival in Iran
Resistance leader encourages young people seeing regime change in Iran


The Line by Naver IM application is becoming a really interesting application on Android and, one great feature, is that you can have also a PC version, sadly only Windows and Mac OSX.. But we have Wine :>.
I've to say that I've used some times ago and it worked well with wine but, after a Line upgrade it stopped working.
Starting from Wine 1.5.28 it works again but it gave me an error after the login phase, a Line internal error, not related to wine this time.
Thanks to some folk on winehq, finally I've discovered the problem: it needs vcrun2008 to works.
and you're done. Line is working great know (about the chat, I didn't checked the voice calls).