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Synthesis of isosorbide based polyurethanes: an isocyanate free method
Contents lists available at Reactive & Functional Polymers Synthesis of isosorbide based polyurethanes: An isocyanate free method Vincent Besse , Rémi Auvergne , Stéphane Carlotti , Gilles Boutevin , Belkacem Otazaghine ,Sylvain Caillol , Jean-Pierre Pascault Bernard Boutevin , a Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier UMR 5253 – Equipe Ingénierie et Architectures Macromoléculaires, Ecole Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, 8 rue de l'Ecole Normale,34296 Montpellier Cedex 5, Franceb Specific Polymers, Avenue de l'Europe, 34830 Clapiers, c Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques UMR 5629 Université Bordeaux 1/CNRS, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie, de Biologie & de Physique, 16, AvenuePey-Berland, 33607 Pessac Cedex, Franced Ecole des Mines d'Alès, Centre des Matériaux de Grande Diffusion (CMGD), 6, Avenue de Clavières, 30319 Alès Cedex, Francee University-Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, IMP, UMR5223, F-69621 Villeurbanne, France The synthesis of isocyanate free polyurethanes is a major concern. This paper first reports the synthesis of Received 20 November 2012 new biobased isosorbide dicyclocarbonates from isosorbide. Then polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) were Accepted 4 January 2013 synthesized by a cyclocarbonate–amine step growth polyaddition with four commercial diamines (e.g.
Available online 11 January 2013 jeffamine D-400, 1,10 diaminodecane, diethylenetriamine and isophoronediamine). These unprecedentedproducts, obtained with high yield, were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR, DSC, SEC and TGA analyses.
PHUs exhibited glass transition temperatures from 8 °C to 59 °C, and degradation temperatures (Td 5%) between 234 °C and 255 °C. Last but not least, the compounds produced during the degradation of these PHUs were analyzed by ATG-IR technique and showed that carbon dioxide and secondary amines Renewable resourcesThermal stability are released.
Ó 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Following this route, polyhydroxyurethanes (PHUs) are obtainedwith inter- and intramolecular hydrogen bonds, which are ex- Generally, linear polyurethanes (PUs) are obtained by the pected to present higher chemical and hydrolysis resistances.
reaction between an oligomeric diol (low molecular weight poly- We previously reported several works on the synthesis of new mer with terminal hydroxyl groups), a short diol as chain exten- dicyclocarbonates by esterification of diacids such as terephthalic der and a diisocyanate. To prepare cross-linked PUs, polyols or acid with glycerol carbonate. These works led to the synthesis of isocyanates with functionality higher than 2 can be used. How- PHUs with ester bonds which exhibited poor stability towards ever the use of diisocyanate should be avoided for several rea- hydrolysis We overcame this issue with the synthesis of sons. Isocyanate reactants are generally very harmful for dicyclocarbonates from allyl-cyclic carbonate and dithiols by human health, particularly for people exposed during polyure- thiol–ene coupling . But these dicyclocarbonate were based thanes synthesis and could entail adverse health effects such on aliphatic structures. Yet, PUs contain generally rigid segments as asthma, dermatitis, conjunctivitis and acute poisoning made of aromatic groups such as toluene diisocyanate (TDI), which Therefore the synthesis of PUs, from step growth polyaddition is a hazardous compound. Therefore we intended to synthesize of dicyclocarbonates and diamines should be favored. This meth- new biobased PHU with rigid segments and with ether bonds. Iso- od is particularly interesting since no hazardous isocyanates are sorbide is obtained from the dehydration of sorbitol, which is a used. Thus, this old reaction is currently gaining a lot of product of the sugar industry and contains two cycloaliphatic rings attention as a substitution route for the synthesis of PUs likely to provide a good rigidity to the polymer. Its structure is alsocomposed of two secondary hydroxyl groups.
Isosorbide is a biobased platform chemical extensively studied ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel.: +33 467144300; fax: +33 467147220.
in literature with various industrial applications (isosorbide nitrate, E-mail addresses: (S. Carlotti), diesters, lubricant and plasticizers, green solvents, etc.) . It (B. Otazaghine), (B. Boutevin).
has to be noticed that the synthesis of the corresponding isosorbide 1 Tel.: +33 4677144305; fax: +33 467147220.
amine and isocyanate was already reported Applications 2 Tel.: +33 540002734.
3 of isosorbide in polymers and materials are even more important Tel.: +33 466785669.
and are summarized in . As depicted, a lot of derivatives 1381-5148/$ - see front matter Ó 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
V. Besse et al. / Reactive & Functional Polymers 73 (2013) 588–594 Scheme 1. Isosorbide based polymers.
could be synthesized such as polyesters polytriazoles 2. Experimental section and polycarbonates A recent patent reports the syn-thesis of polycarbonates from isosorbide. However, few works deal with PUs synthesis from isosorbide . A first study was reportedby Dirlikov and Schneider . Then other teams reported the use Isosorbide, epichlorohydrin, lithium bromide and 1,10-diamin- of isosorbide for the synthesis of PUs with high glass transition tem- odecane were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and used as received.
perature (Tg) values, from 80 to 240 °C ( N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was purchased from SDS Carlo ) These works show that isosorbide leads to rigid Erba (Val de Reuil, France). Before use, DMF was dried according PUs with Tg values higher than those obtained from other diols such to current methods, distilled and stored under argon atmosphere.
as butanediol, neopentyl glycol, dihydroxymethylcyclohexane) and Deuterated solvents (CDCl3 and DMSO-d6) were purchased from reveals the interest of isosorbide for industrial PUs.
Eurisotop (Saint-Aubin, France).
These results led Cognet-Georjon et al. to use isosorbide for rigid segments of PUs with longer diols such as hydroxylated polybuta- diene for the soft segments . Most of PUs from isosorbide aresynthesized by reaction between isosorbide and methylenediphe- 2.2.1. Epoxy index determination nyl-4,40-diisocyanate (MDI) which is a carcinogenic mutagenic rep- The epoxy index (EI) is defined by the mass of monomer con- rotoxic (CMR) compound This drawback reduces the interest taining one mole of epoxide group. This index was determined of using isosorbide as a biobased diol and led to the synthesis of by an acid–base titration. Epoxide groups were ring-opened by PHUs thereof. Moreover, PU materials for coatings should have a an excess of hydrochloric solution and this excess was determined by titration with a sodium hydroxide solution with phenolphtha- g around or below 0 °C which is not described in the literature.
The synthesis of PHUs from step growth polyaddition of dicy- lein as a color indicator.
clocarbonates and diamines was extensively reported in literature,particularly by Endo Indeed, several cyclocarbonates 2.2.2. Isosorbide diglycidyl ether (E1) were synthesized and some PHUs were thereof characterized In a two necks round bottom flask equipped with an addition Several methods are used to synthesize five-membered cyclic funnel, isosorbide (8.5 g, 37.6 mmol) and chloroform (50 mL) were carbonates . Most of these methods are based on epoxide introduced. Then, m-chloroperbenzoic acid (47.2 g, 273.4 mmol) or diol reactants. This is also the case of dicyclocarbonate syntheses solubilized in chloroform (200 mL) beforehand, was introduced in . Two bis and polycarbonates families were reported the funnel and added dropwise. The mixture was stopped after in the literature. The first one is constituted of carbonate esters 16 h when no more double bond signals were found in 1H NMR.
from glycerin carbonate, the second one is constituted of carbonate The organic layer was washed three times: first with Na2SO3, then ethers from glycidyl ether carbonatation In a recent paper, Na2CO3 and water. Organic layers were put together and the sol- Brocas et al. have reported the synthesis of cyclocarbonates vent removed under reduced pressure. The crude was purified by using mild conditions to synthesize crosslinked polyethers column chromatography under silica (eluent:ethyl acetate). Evap- Cyclocarbonate groups were oration of the solvent with a rotary evaporator gave the corre- synthesized by carbonatation of the corresponding epoxide groups sponding product (5 g, 14.2 mmol) as yellowish viscous oil.
using a low carbon dioxide pressure (1 bar) and a catalytic amount of lithium bromide (LiBr) at 80 °C.
1H NMR (400.1 MHz, CDCl3, d): 2.50–2.58 (m, 2H, H1a & H2a); Our work aims to synthesize new cyclocarbonate from isosor- 2.72–2.76 (m, 2H, H1b & H2b); 3.04–3.17 (m, 2H, H2a & H11a); bide by carbonatation. The originality of this work consists not 3.29–3.42 (m, 2H, H2b & H11b); 3.51–3.59 (m, 2H, H3a & H10a); only in the synthesis of isosorbide dicyclocarbonate but also in 3.72–3.81 (m, 2H, H3b & H10b); 3.85–4.05 (m, 6H, Hisosorbide cycle); the elaboration of original building block to synthesize low Tg 4.46 (ddt, 1H, 3JHH = 4.4 Hz, 3JHH = 11.6 Hz, 4JHH = 1.2 Hz, H6); 4.60 PHU, designed for coating applications, whereas isosorbide was (ddt, 1H, 3JHH = 4.4 Hz, 3JHH = 8.4 Hz, 4JHH = 1.6 Hz, H7).
exclusively used for high T g in literature. Moreover, we studied C NMR (100.6 MHz, CDCl3, d): 44.4 (C1 & C12); 50.9 (C2 & C11); the thermal degradation of PHUs and the compounds resulting of 70.4 (C5 & C8); 73.5 (C3 & C10); 80.6 (C4 & C9); 86.0 (C6 & C7).
degradation, which was never studied to the knowledge of theauthors. To the best of our knowledge, no paper or even patent re- 2.2.3. Isosorbide diglycidylether oligomers (E2 and E3) ports the synthesis of these new PHUs, synthesized according the In a round bottom flask equipped with an addition funnel and a concept of ''green chemistry''.
reverse Dean Stark surmounted by a condenser, isosorbide (1 eq.) V. Besse et al. / Reactive & Functional Polymers 73 (2013) 588–594 and epichlorohydrin (10 eq.) were introduced. A sodium hydroxide 3. Results and discussion solution (2.3 eq.) in water (50/50:wt/wt) was prepared and placedin the addition funnel. The mixture was heated at 115 °C under ar- Firstly, isosorbide was converted into epoxidized oligoisosor- gon atmosphere. The sodium hydroxide solution was added drop- bide and then into cyclocarbonate oligoisosorbide by a carbonata- wise. The reaction was stopped when no longer water was tion reaction. Then the corresponding PHUs were synthesized by collected in the Dean Stark apparatus, after approximately 6 h.
reaction with synthesized dicyclocarbonates and diamines. Their The mixture was then allowed to stay at room temperature and spectral and physical characterizations as well as the formation epichlorohydrin was added to precipitate NaCl. After filtration, of the polymer network were investigated. The last part of the arti- the epichlorohydrin was removed by evaporation under reduced cle is dedicated to the degradation study of PHUs by performing pressure to give the desired product as yellowish viscous oil.
ATG-IR analyses in order to analyze the released products.
Yield: 98% (epoxide/isosorbide = 1.24). Dosage: 216 g/eq. epox- ide rating: 4.63 meq/g (monomer).
3.1. Synthesis of isosorbide diglycidylether oligomers (E1–3) 2.2.4. Carbonatation reaction: general procedure for DC1–DC3 This part focuses on the synthesis of diglycidylether from three An epoxidized isosorbide (10.0 mmol of epoxide groups) and different isosorbide reactants with various lengths. Epoxidized iso- LiBr (0.5 mmol, 5% mol) were dissolved in dimethylformamide sorbide E1 was synthesized by allylation of isosorbide followed by (DMF, 45 mL). The solution was introduced into a reactor and the its epoxydation using m-chloroperbenzoic acid. Isosorbide oligo- atmosphere was replaced with CO mers E2 and E3 were obtained by reaction of epichlorohydrin with 2 (P = 6 bars). The solution was then allowed to stand at 80 °C with continuous stirring during isosorbide at room temperature. Monomers E2 and E3 are different 12 h. DMF was removed by distillation (60 °C, P = 0.01 bar). The by the length of the spacer between the two epoxide functions; pure product was obtained quantitatively as yellowish highly vis- this aspect will be discussed below ).
Two epoxidized oligoisosorbides E2 and E3 were obtained with FTIR (m, cm1) = 1780 (CO), 2860 and 2890 (CAC).
an epoxy index respectively of 4.13 meq/g and 2.9 meq/g (The ratio R of epoxy cycle to isosorbide cycle is given by the ratio 2.2.5. Polyhydroxyurethane (PHU1–PHU6) syntheses: general between the integration of the epoxide protons (H1a–b and H2) and the isosorbide protons (H) following the method described Step growth polyaddition of dicyclocarbonates (DC1–2) (1 eq.) by Chrysanthos et al. Both ratio R obtained by NMR spectros- was realized with diamines (1 eq.) and a catalyst (in a course of copy and titration are in agreement either for epoxidized oligoiso- patent registration) under stirring in distilled DMF (2 mL) and ar- sorbide E2 and oligoisosorbide E3 (Chrysanthos et al. gon atmosphere during 12 h at room temperature At the mentioned other linear and branched oligomers. Branched oligo- end of reaction, the formed polymers are still soluble. PHU1–6 mers can be explained by a competition during the reaction with polymers, soluble in DMF, were precipitated in water (these PHUs epichlorohydrin, between the secondary hydroxyl groups of isosor- are not soluble in it). After drying by filtration then centrifugation, bide and the secondary hydroxyl groups formed after a first reac- PHU1–6 were quantitatively obtained. Both synthesized PHUs tion of isosorbide diglycidyl ether with isosorbide. It means that were characterized by 1H NMR spectrometry, FTIR analysis and some oligomers can have more than two glycidyl groups.
SEC in DMF. Only 1H NMR spectra of the corresponding polyhydr-oxyurethane PHU2 is reported.
3.2. Synthesis of dicyclocarbonates DC1–3 FTIR (m, cm1) = 1534 and 3082 (NH); 1694 (CO); 3328 (NH).
The dicyclocarbonates DC1–3 were synthesized by carbonata- 2.3. Analytical techniques tion of isosorbide diglycidyl ether oligomers E1–3. This reactionwas carried out owing to Brocas et al. conditions during All Nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) measurements were 18 h. Total conversion was confirmed by the total disappearance recorded on a Brucker AC-400 MHz spectrometer at room temper- of the protons of the epoxide moiety between 2.56 and 2.82 ppm ature in deuterated chloroform (CDCl and also by the appearance of signals corresponding to the carbon- or dimethylsulfoxyde (DMSO). The chemical shifts were reported in parts per million rel- ate protons between 4.20 and 4.88 ppm ative to tetramethylsilane.
IR spectra were recorded with a Nicolet 210 FT-IR spectrometer.
3.3. Polyurethanes synthesis (PHU1-6) Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were per- formed under inert atmosphere with a calorimeter DSC 200F3 from Then, step growth polyadditions of DC1–2 with commercial dia- Netzsch calibrated with indium standard. The polymer was mines were carried out in presence of a catalyst (in a course of pat- weighted in an aluminum pan and consecutively placed in the ent registration) and yielded PHU1–6 PHUs at room temperature measurement heating cell. An empty pan was used as reference.
The various diamine backbones are expected to provide All the samples were heated under inert atmosphere from 120 a large range of mechanical properties to the PHUs. This part is fo- to 100 °C at a heating rate of 20 °C/min. Three runs were recorded cused on the development of polymers for coatings so that one of and the glass transition temperature (Tg) values were measured the absolutely desirable milestones is a Tg below 0 °C. According to during the second run and confirmed by a third run. Tgs were cal- the theory, a more flexible carbon chain should provide a lower Tg.
culated at the inflexion point of the heat capacity jump.
The reaction between a cyclocarbonate and a diamine leads to two Thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs) were performed using a regioisomers depending on the carbonate position attacked by the TGA Q50 W/MFC apparatus of TA Instruments under air and nitro- amine. Isomers such as primary/primary alcohol, primary/second- gen flow (25 ml/min) from room temperature to 500 °C at a heat- ary alcohol and secondary/secondary alcohol were obtained .
ing rate of 5 °C/min1. The analysis consisted in registering the We firstly report the results obtained with oligomers DC2 and weight loss of the sample as a function of temperature.
DC3 when polymerized with DA10. The analyses show the high Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) was performed on a Var- reactivity of the reactants, the mechanical properties of the PHUs ian ProStar Model 210 equipped with an RI refractive index detec- but also the effect of the oligomer length on these properties. These tor. Two PLgel 5 lm MIXED-C 600 mm were used at 70 °C with a two PHUs (PHU2–3) were characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR and SEC 0.8 mL min1 flow rate of DMF, calibrated using PMMA standards.
V. Besse et al. / Reactive & Functional Polymers 73 (2013) 588–594 Scheme 2. Idealized structure of glycidylisosorbide oligomers and synthesis of isosorbidedicyclocarbonates by carbonatation.
Fig. 1. 1H NMR spectrum of carbonated oligoisosorbide DC2.
1H NMR spectrum of synthesized PHU2 is confirmed by the for- mation of carbamate group with signal of proton HANCOO at Determination of R using 1H NMR.
7.10 ppm and alcohol at 4.40 ppm FTIR spectrum confirms the formation of PHU2 with the three I (Integration value) I (Integration value) characteristic bands of carbamate function: NAH bond stretching vibration, hydrogen bonded [email protected] stretching and NAH bond defor- mation are respectively observed at 3082 cm1, 1694 cm1 and H (isosorbide cycle) 1534 cm1. The large absorption of the hydroxyl group OH at Ratio R (titration) 3328 cm1 also appeared. Moreover, the absence of the absorption band of the carbonyl of the carbonate group at 1785 cm1 reveals a Molar mass (g mol1) total conversion of initial carbonated isosorbide ().
Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) analyses have been per- formed on PHU2 and PHU3. Molecular weights were found to be Table of composition of PHU1-6.
quite low, Mn (7800 and 8600 g/mol for PHU2 and PHU3 respec- tively) and PDI were quite high (2.6 and 6.3 for PHU2 and PHU3respectively) ).
The properties of these synthesized polyurethanes are similar to those found for isosorbide based polyurethanes described by Cog- net-Georjon et al. especially concerning the low value obtained for Mn. The high value of PDI and low molecular weight is certainly due the presence of initial branched oligomers which are insoluble
V. Besse et al. / Reactive & Functional Polymers 73 (2013) 588–594 Fig. 2. 1H NMR spectrum (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) of PHU2.
Table 3Thermal properties of PHU2 and PHU4-6.
TGA analysis shows a 5% mass loss (Td 5%) at 243 and 237 °C for PHU2 and PHU3 respectively. The thermal degradation with for-mation of volatiles of the two PHUs is similar and proceeds in threesteps under air as well as under nitrogen atmosphere For example, for PHU2, the first step between 180 and 310 °C Fig. 3. TGA spectrum of PHU2 under air and nitrogen atmosphere.
corresponds to a 28% weight loss. Then the second step, between342 and 379 °C corresponds to a 48% weight loss. The third step be-tween 420 and 451 °C corresponds to a 48% weight loss and theresidue represents 11 wt.% of the initial weight at 500 °C. In bothcases, no difference between oxidative or inert atmosphere wasfound so that no oxidation phenomenon occurs. The weakest bondis supposed to be the urethane one (EC–NH = 98 kJ/mol) and its deg-radation is supposed to be the same under oxygen and nitrogenatmosphere The next part of this article is devoted to the study of the dia- mine structure effect. Since the oligomer length shows no evidencein modifying the final polymer properties, the next part of thestudy will focus on PHUs obtained from DC2 and three other dia-mines e.g. Jeffamine D-400, diethylenetriamine and isophoronedi-amine and Scheme 3. Structures of amines used in this study.
We first studied the thermal properties (Td 5% and Tg) of PHU4– 6. Due to the rigid structure of IPDA, the Tg obtained for PHU4 in DMF and can interact intensively with the GPC column. Both (59 °C) is higher than the one obtained with DA10 and other dia- PHU2 and PHU3 are amorphous as determined by DSC analysis mines. Then DETA, a soft aliphatic triamine, allows PHU5 to reach (They exhibit similar T g of 0 °C. The last amine, Jeffamine D-400, is a long polyether 15 and 19 °C respectively. Compared to the previous results found chain diamine which confers high flexibility and toughness to in the literature (), and especially PHU6 so that its Tg is the lowest (8 °C) those with the aliphatic diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate This result is compatible with a use in coatings. DMF and DMSO (HDI), the first addition of glycidyl functions on the isosorbide be- appear to be the best solvent as all materials are soluble in it fore the synthesis of bis-carbonate can explain the lower T whereas none of them are soluble in water ( served and the increase softness of PHUs.
V. Besse et al. / Reactive & Functional Polymers 73 (2013) 588–594 Fig. 4. ATG-IR analysis of PHU2 and PHU4.
The last part of our study is dedicated to the characterization of Linear and branched PHUs were obtained with Tg values in the the released compounds during the degradation process of PHUs range from 8 to 59 °C, and low Tg PHUs are suitable for coatings by the ATR-IR technique The decomposition of urethane application. An acceptable thermal stability (Td between 234 and bonds is depending on the structures of the reactants which were 255 °C) was determined owing to TGA for all PHUs. This work dem- used for their synthesis. If the first decomposition is due to hard onstrates that biobased PHUs can be obtained easily from isosor- segments, the second and third decompositions were attributed bide as hard segment and with ether bonds. Works are in to soft segments. Javni et al. have demonstrated that the first deg- progress for a better control of molecular weight and polydisper- radation step for polyurethanes from functionalized vegetable oils sity. Last but not least, the compounds released by the degradation was the production of carbon dioxide. This carbon dioxide was sus- of PHUs were analyzed and found to be carbon dioxide and second- pected to come from the formation of carbodiimides but more ary amines. Interestingly, these new PHUs do not release isocya- credibly from the disruption of the urethane bond following mech- nates during thermal degradation. Choices of other aliphatic anisms 2 and 3 .
biobased diamines, shorter one like C5 or longer one like C36 will PHU2 and PHU4 were typically introduced into an ATG instru- permit to prepare hard and soft PHUs.
ment and the released gases were analyzed by an infra-red appara-tus after a given time ). After only 495s, the first degraded bond is the carbonyl of the urethane function (mCOurethane = 1720 -cm1) as expected Carbon dioxide and secondary amine bands This work was supported by ANR project GreenCoat. The (mCO = 670, 2320, 3700 cm1 and m NH = 1095, 1490, 3800 cm1).
authors also thank Specific Polymers for the synthesis of isosorbide Alkane groups, probably PHUs spacers, were detected by the diglycidyl ether compounds under the reference SP 9S-5-001.
presence of two large bands between 2800 and 3000 cm1. Exceptthe carbonyl urethane group, the same bands can be observedalong the thermal analysis (i.e. CO2 and NH bands). PHU4 gave Appendix A. Supplementary material same results as PHU2 concerning the degradation products. More-over, we can clearly see that no isocyanate, alcohol or alkene were Supplementary data associated with this article can be found, in formed during the degradation process so that we can clearly dem- the online version, at onstrate that PHUs degradation products are CO2 and secondary amines. This result is of importance since it shows that not onlyPHUs are synthesized without isocyanates, but also they do not lead to isocyanate during thermal degradation.
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[23] C. Besset, J. Bernard, E. Fleury, J.P. Pascault, P. Cassagnau, E. Drockenmuller, [48] A.L. Brocas, G. Cendejas Santana, S. Caillol, A. Deffieux, S. Carlotti, J. Polym. Sci.
R.J.J. Williams, Macromolecules 43 (2010) 5672–5678.
Part A. Polym. Chem. 49 (2011) 2677–2684.
[24] M. Fuji, M. Akita, T. Tanaka, Mitsubishi Chem.: EP 2 033 981 A1, (2009).
[49] A. Soules, S. Caillol, B. Boutevin, J.-P. Joubert, J. Martins. Patent registration [25] B.J.P. Jansen, J.H. Kamps, H. Looij, E. Kung, WO 2009/052463 A1, 2009.
number 1159818, 28/10/2011.
[26] M. Kinoshita, M. Saito, K. Hironaka, EP 2149 589 A1, (2010).
[50] M. Chrysanthos, J. Galy, J.P. Pascault, Polymer 52 (2011) 3611–3620.
[27] P. Fuertes, M. Ibert, E. Josien, P. Tundo, F. Arico, WO 2011/039483 A1, 2011.
[51] A. Steblyanko, W. Choi, F. Sanda, T. Endo, J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem. 38 [28] S.K. Dirlikov, C.J. Schneider, US4443563, 1984.
(2000) 2375–2380.
[29] C.H. Lee, H. Takagi, H. Okamoto, M. Kato, A. Usuki, J. Polym. Sci. Part A. Polym.
[52] B. Boutevin, J.P. Hugon, Y. Pietrasanta Eur, Polym. J. 17 (1981) 723–727.
Chem. 47 (2009) 6025–6031.
[53] K. Ashida (Ed.), Taylor & Francis group, CRC Press, Boca Raton, USA, 2007, pp.
[30] E. Cognet-Georjon, F. Mechin, J.P. Pascault, Macromol. Chem. Phys. 197 (1996) [54] I. Javni, Z.S. Petrovic, A. Guo, R. Fuller, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 77 (2000) 1723–1734.
Source: http://virtualpu.com/uploads/user_product_attachments/0-2015-12-09%2012:38:36-2014-2.pdf
(microsoft word - documentos de licitaci 363n no. 1506-210011)
DOCUMENTOS DE LICITACIÓN No. 1506 – 210011 ALCANCE DE LA LICITACIÓN El Comprador es: Fondo Financiero de Proyectos de Desarrollo – FONADE. El nombre y número de identificación de la LPN son: "Adquisición de tres (3) equipos de laboratorio (GPHF-Minilab) con stock de patrones de análisis para apoyar la evaluación de calidad de los antimaláricos en los laboratorios de salud pública de los Departamentos de Chocó, Córdoba y Cauca", Licitación Pública Nacional No. 1506 – 210011. 2.
Guía de Práctica Clínica sobre el Manejo de la Depresión Mayor en el Adulto GUÍAS DE PRÁCTICA CLÍNICA EN EL SNSMINISTERIO DE SANIDAD Y CONSUMO Guía de Práctica Clínica sobre el Manejo de la Depresión Mayor en el Adulto GUÍAS DE PRÁCTICA CLÍNICA EN EL SNSMINISTERIO DE SANIDAD Y CONSUMO Esta GPC es una ayuda a la toma de decisiones en la atención sanitaria. No es de obligado cumplimiento ni sustituye al juicio clínico del personal sanitario.


text:
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using Hotcakes.Modules.Core.Admin.AppCode;
using Hotcakes.Web;

namespace Hotcakes.Modules.Core.Modules.PaymentMethods.PaypalExpress
{
    partial class Edit : HccPaymentMethodPart
    {
        public override void LoadData()
        {
            if (ddlCurrency.Items.Count == 0)
            {
                ddlCurrency.Items.Add(new ListItem(Localization.GetString("CurrencyEmptyValue"), string.Empty));
                ddlCurrency.AppendDataBoundItems = true;
                ddlCurrency.DataTextField = "CurrencyEnglishName";
                ddlCurrency.DataValueField = "ISOCurrencySymbol";
                ddlCurrency.DataSource = Currency.GetCurrencyList();
                ddlCurrency.DataBind();
            }

            lstMode.SelectedValue = HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.Mode;

            txtUsername.Text = HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.UserName;
            txtPassword.Text = HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.Password;
            txtSignature.Text = HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.Signature;
            txtPayPalFastSignupEmail.Text = HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.FastSignupEmail;

            var authorizeOnly = HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.ExpressAuthorizeOnly;
            lstCaptureMode.SelectedValue = authorizeOnly ? "1" : "0";

            chkUnconfirmedAddress.Checked = HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.AllowUnconfirmedAddresses;
            chkRequirePayPalAccount.Checked = HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.RequirePayPalAccount;
            ddlCurrency.SelectedValue = HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.Currency;
        }

        public override void SaveData()
        {
            HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.Mode = lstMode.SelectedValue;

            HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.UserName = txtUsername.Text.Trim();
            HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.Password = txtPassword.Text.Trim();
            HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.Signature = txtSignature.Text.Trim();
            HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.FastSignupEmail = txtPayPalFastSignupEmail.Text.Trim();

            var authorizeOnly = lstCaptureMode.SelectedValue == "1";
            HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.ExpressAuthorizeOnly = authorizeOnly;
            HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.AllowUnconfirmedAddresses = chkUnconfirmedAddress.Checked;
            HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.RequirePayPalAccount = chkRequirePayPalAccount.Checked;
            HccApp.CurrentStore.Settings.PayPal.Currency = ddlCurrency.SelectedValue;

            HccApp.AccountServices.Stores.Update(HccApp.CurrentStore);
        }
    }
}

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaGithub


We don't make a HUGE deal out of it, but pretty much the entirety of the core staff at The Inarguable loves The Body. For a couple of us, our first experience was mindlessly following Jon to a show he'd booked for them in Chicago in 2010.
We didn't really know what to expect, but with the opening chords of "Ruiner" we thought "If nothing else, this will be heavy." We weren't ready.
Then Chip switched on the other two thirds of his cabinets. I don't think I've ever seen jaws genuinely drop before, but my god if that wasn't the heaviest thing. What we didn't get from their show was what we enjoyed on record later: The Body's trademark strange samplenoise and remixperimentation.
In an interview with Mike Simpson of Invisible Oranges, Chip summed up what has to be the core of The Body's recorded sound: "You can't get a record loud enough to shake your stomach, which is what we do live." "Master, We Perish" is another installment in a series of attempts to make it happen anyway: right there in the production is the carefully-sculpted sound of speakers about to rip themselves apart that I've only rarely even heard in the HNW cults that are supposed to be that and nothing else. Even when Lee's distinctive drums are alone, they're in a blur of stomach-shaking clipping.
"Master, We Perish" is basically a whirlwind of hate. Even in 18 minutes of the heavy-repetition, limited-development songs The Body specializes in, there's everything from fast, crushing almost-d-beats, distorted shrieks, oddly guitarless ultra-heavy ultra-doom, heavy guitar ultra-doom, and Neurosis tom beats recreated in heaviness Neurosis can't touch to Assembly of Light Choir over painfully hanging chords. I just wish they'd wait a little longer and give us 40 or 50 minutes to revel in.
Go get your ears blown out. Just remember they've only given us three songs and you'll need one of the full-lengths to finish you off.
Labels: 2013, Review, Sludge, The Body, V.


Hey there. It's time for another giveaway! But this is one is going to be a little different the others I've had. I've been in Bioshock mode for the past few weeks. I've been playing Bioshock Inifinte and it's been one hell of a ride! I promised the kids that they can watch me play, since they've seen me play the first two Bioshock games and have an interest in the Bioshock series. Last night, I finally got through the game and it brought a smile that my 14 and 11 year old were discussing the possible meaning of the ending. Anyways, I decided that this giveaway will be Bioshock related and I've come across 2 prizes that should make anyone who loves the Bioshock series happy. The prizes up for grabs are the Bioshock Ultimate Rapture Edition OR The Art of Bioshock Infinite Hardcover Book! The winner will get to decide which on the prizes they would like!
The Bioshock Ultimate Rapture Edition is the first two Bioshock games PLUS their downloadable content. That's $40 worth of DLC! The Ultimate Rapture is available only for the PS3 and Xbox 360 (sorry PC gamers). I personally loved the first two Bioshock games and to get 2 games and their DLC in one awesome package is a great deal! If you have not had a chance to play the games and visit the city of Rapture, you simply MUST check it out!
If you are a behind the scenes kind of guy (like myself) you're going to want to have the Bioshock Infinite Art Book! 183 pages of art and early sketches of the characters and locations from the world of Columbia! The art book is from Irrational Games so you know that the sketches within the book are from the minds of the developers themselves. If you have played Bioshock Infinite then you know that the game is simply beautiful. The landscapes, the characters, the action... it all flows seamlessly and you can find out how the developers got there by following thier sketches and their train of thoughts. A must have for Bioshock Infinite fans!
Now, on to some of the giveaway details. The giveaway is open to everyone! But there are some exceptions... The game is available ONLY to US and CAN residents. If the winner is from Canada, you may be asked to pay for additional shipping costs. Please keep that in mind before entering. The artbook is available to anyone anywhere (Thanks Alex for pointing that out!)! The giveaway will run from now until May 2nd and the winner will be announced on May 3rd. The only mandatory entry is to leave a comment with which prize you would like and why.
So what do you guys think? If I had a choice, I would choose the art book over the game, but that's only because I've already been to Rapture and I'm a little bit of an art geek (Gustav Klimt being a personal favortite.) Good luck everyone! Later!
I would choose the art book. My husband already has the collectors edition of the game and he is currently working on his Bachelor's in Game Art so he would love the art book!
I would choose the Bioshock Ultimate Rapture. I have never played the series so it would be a great way to start with the entire package deal!
Hey there Brit! The artbook would make a GREAT gift for an Art major! Good luck!
Ultimate Rapture, after plaything through Infinite, I'd love to travel back to Rapture.
Plus I never played any of the dlc.
I would choose the Ultimate Rapture Edition because I have not played the second game, nor any DLC for any of the Bioshocks. Thanks for offering such a great giveaway!
The art book, because I love this game and I have the first two games and all dlc.
I'd choose the art book since I already have the games.
BioShock Ultimate Rapture Edition because I've been meaning to play these.
I've only played a bit of the first game, so I'd definitely choose the ultimate rapture edition!
I would pick the Bioshock Infinite Art Book! I already have the first two games for PC. :) Thanks!
I choose the Art of Infinite book. Yes, that'll do.
I'd choose the art book!
I would choose the book. I already own the first two and, like you said, the are is absolutely fantastic.
I would choose the Ultimate Rapture Edition. I'd love to revisit the first 2 games.
the art book. as much as I LOVE the first 2 games I have them both, even though I want to play the dlc I'd like to see the art book, as bioshock infinite was amazing too.
Id love to win the game, I've watched people play it but of.actually like to own it for 360.
The bioshock games sound good!
The Ultimate Rapture Edition Bioshock, because my brother's bitrthday is coming up soon and I would love to get him this, we only got to play the first one at a friends house because we never had an xbox till recently. Thank you for this awesome giveaway.
Definitely the Infinite art book because i can't afford it and have played the games already. That's not even mentioning the fact that the Infinite art is absolutely gorgeous, so much so that unrelated to Bioshock's awesomitude it would probably be an amazing book by itself.
The ultimate rapture edition for sure because I have never played the first 2 before!
Hey there Will. The game is stunningly beautiful. I would opt for the art book too! Good luck!
I hear ya, Jessica! Good luck!
The Art Book. I love collectors items!
I'd choose the Bioshock Infinite art book because I already have both Bioshock and Bioshock 2 plus all the related DLC I care to own.
I'd go with the art book, since I already own the first two BioShock games, and I just like the world of Infinite better overall.
The Art Book for sure it would look great on my front room table!
I will choose the Bioshock Infinite art book because I already own Bioshock 1 and 2 + all DLCs. The art book will be a perfect fit in my Bioshock collection!
Hey there Anatidae! You've been missing out on some very good games! I love the Bioshock series and it's story line.
I'd love the art book. It looks so cool.
The games for PC, I have yet to play them.
I would choose the art book because I love art and it looks awesome.... plus I own the rapture edition.
Definitely the game because where you are an art geek, i am a gamer geek myself!
The Bioshock Ultimate Rapture Edition for the PS3 because of all its awesomeness!
The book. I'm an artist at heart.
The Rapture Edition so I can replay the greatness that is Bioshock.
The Rapture Edition for the Xbox 360 for sure. I like the artbook, but you know, reliving Bioshock is just SO much better.
The game!! I´ve been watching gameplays ever since the game hit the market and would love to have it!
Bioshock Ultimate Rapture Edition for the PS3 because I have always wanted to play it and never got the chance.
I would love to own the Bioshock Ultimate Rapture Edition!!
I want the Bioshock Ultimate Rapture Edition for XBOX because I really want to play Bioshock 2. I played 1 and loved it!
I'm in it for the Bioshock Ultimate Rapture Edition for PS3 because I haven't played the games yet.
I would choose the game! The book is amazing, but I want to play!
TOUGH CHOICE!! But, I'd have to go with the game. Love the games, and this would be a nice one to add to our collections. Bioshock is awesome!
I'd like to have the game because it looks fun to play.
I would deff. pick the game! I have heard great things about the games but I have not been able to get around to buying them (car troubles, ugh! lol) I would love to play the games though!
I'd be all over the artbook! Already have 1 and 2 and would love to see that art work.


text:
Il Draft NFL 1991 si è tenuto dal 21 al 22 aprile 1991. Quel giorno, Raghib "Rocket" Ismail dall'Università di Notre Dame, pronosticato essere la prima scelta assoluta, firmò coi Toronto Argonauts della Canadian Football League (CFL).

Le prime sei selezioni del draft furono giocatori difensivi. Nessun altro draft nella storia della lega è iniziato con più di tre selezioni difensive.

Primo giro

Note

Collegamenti esterni

Il draft NFL 1991 su ESPN

 1991

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaWikipedia


text:
Q: Retrieve output message from sqlserver procedure in php I have this procedure in SQL Server where functions are executed, and I want to collect the output in PHP.
The problem is that the first result that it returns is the "result" and then it returns another one with the outputs.
How can I collect these outputs?
Thank you
 DECLARE @NETO FLOAT
    DECLARE @DTO1 FLOAT
    DECLARE @DTO2 FLOAT
    DECLARE @DTO3 FLOAT
    DECLARE @CODIGO NVARCHAR(50)
    DECLARE @CODIGOEAN NVARCHAR(50)
    DECLARE @NOMBRE NVARCHAR(50)
    EXEC dbo.Precio, '.$IDCliente.', @NETO OUTPUT, @DTO1 OUTPUT,@DTO2 OUTPUT,@DTO3 OUTPUT,@CODIGO OUTPUT,@CODIGOEAN OUTPUT,@NOMBRE OUTPUT
    select @NETO as neto, @DTO1, @DTO2, @DTO3, @CODIGO, @CODIGOEAN, @NOMBRE

    $stmt = sqlsrv_prepare($pc, $sql);

    sqlsrv_execute($stmt);

    do {
            $data=sqlsrv_fetch_array($stmt);

            sqlsrv_next_result($stmt);
    } while (sqlsrv_next_result($stmt));

    echo json_encode($data);

That it returned me result

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaStackExchange


text:
You Can Make $1000 By Watching The First Five Seasons Of 'Friends'
House of Independents: 2023 Calendar
You Can Make $1000 By Watching The First Five Seasons Of 'Friends'
Laila Abuelhawa March 3rd, 2021
Best Value Schools, a college and university information ranking website, is looking to pay five Friends enthusiasts to watch the first five seasons of the popular sitcom. The payout for watching is $1,000 each, about $22 an hour.
The perfect candidate is described as someone with a "lively, outgoing" social media presence, in order to tweet while they watch the first handful of seasons from the classic '90s sitcom, as Travel + Leisure reports.
All applicants must fill out a form where they explain in 200 words why they deserve the job. Additionally, they must also demonstrate "how you will share your experience on social media."
After all five seasons (121 episodes) have been watched, the chosen candidates will rank all their favorite episodes and post their list online.
Besides the $1000 pay, other incentives are thrown into the mix: a Central Perk chalkboard mug, a branded tumblr and fleece blanket, a Friends logo t-shirt, and a $100 DoorDash gift card. One extra-lucky candidate will also score a complete Friends collection on Blu-ray.
To be considered, you must apply by March 31, with the chosen candidates announced a week later.
Friends,TV

redpajama_set_name: RedPajamaCommonCrawl


text:
Schedoleiodesmus lobatus är en mångfotingart som beskrevs av Pius Strasser 1974. Schedoleiodesmus lobatus ingår i släktet Schedoleiodesmus och familjen plattdubbelfotingar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Källor

Plattdubbelfotingar
lobatus


Today, between 3:00 PM and 5:00 PM, the schedule lists five separate responsibilities. In the Student Recreation Center, there is a seminar for newly elected (replacement) city officials and a few different sports competitions. Competitions in other sports are taking place all across campus. In the Fine Arts building, the Federalist and Nationalist State Party Executive Committees are discussing the party platform and campaign strategy for the upcoming gubernatorial campaign. In Sweigart Hall, the Boys State Legislature is in session (and discussing comprehensive gun legislation). Finally, the Boys State Band and Chorus are putting the finishing touches on songs for their concert tonight.
A few more things don't appear on the official schedule. City and county officials are hard at work on their city and county manuals, the staff of The Jersey Statesman is continuing work on tomorrow's edition, and the Marines are leading a PT challenge on the campus mall.
The sheer volume of options presents logistical problems for county athletic directors who are trying to staff their teams but it also forces delegates to choose. There is no way you can be in the state legislature and band or play a sport and do the Marine PT workout. You must choose one.
Choosing is hard. It's hard because we humans are risk-averse and like to keep as many options open as possible, even in situations where we clearly should focus on one.
Behavioral economist Dan Ariely demonstrated this with a simple game. Players were told to click one of three doors on a screen. Each click would earn them money but jumping from one door to another carried a slight penalty. The players had 100 clicks to earn the most money.
The best strategy is simple: quickly find the highest-paying room and stay there. Most players did this at first, but when Ariely and his fellow researchers tweaked the game so an unclicked door would start shrinking and eventually disappear, the players abandoned the optimal strategy. Instead, they desperately tried to keep all their options open, clicking doors that were almost closed and paying steep penalties for their movements.
The team ran the game again, this time allowing the players to reopen disappeared doors, effectively removing the penalty for not clicking on a door. The players were unmoved. Instead of changing their strategy, they behaved the same, trying to keep all doors alive.
Ariely's team realized that the players wanted to avoid the pain of loss rather than maintaining their flexibility. Loss aversion is a powerful motivation, one that manifests itself in many diverse situations. Think of the person who's trying to decide between potential suitors or multiple job offers.
But making choices is what life is, and that's what our statesmen have been learning all week. Each day, they've had their pick from a group of 6-9 seminars about careers in various fields. They've had to choose how they'll approach this week and now they're having to choose what job they want to do.
This is precisely what you're told not to do at this age. You are supposed to be adventurous, try new things, and explore all the possibilities open to you. Admittedly, it's wise advice. The human brain does not finish developing until around age 25, making it hard to discover what you truly are to do until that time. Until then, exploring is a good thing.
Unfortunately, we don't have the time to offer a whole lot of self-discovery. There are things to be done and painful choices will have to be made.
But as those choices are made, character is formed. This is what makes college such a transformative experience. For most people, it's the first time they are autonomous and they're making a lot of choices at once. For our statesmen, college will be the second time they've done that. The first is this week at Rider University.
Throughout the week, your sons, brothers, and friends are maturing and becoming able to self-govern. Tonight, each city will become a mock courtroom and try cases based on Boys State law violations. When the city moves from one location to another, the mayors of each city ensure that everyone is present and ready to move. At retreat, they report their city's whereabouts.
However, at the end of the day, they're still 17-year-olds, and they sing along loudly as the Boys State band plays "Gagnam Style." This is the strange dualism of ALJBS: the already but not yet. The statesmen are going to be adults and leaders soon. They aren't there yet but as they go through the week, we see both the leadership qualities that are starting to arise and the adolescence that they are in.
It would be easy to emphasize one of these but that's a dishonest method with grave consequences. See only the future leaders and you set up crushing expectations and ignore their current maturity. Focus on their youth and you neglect to hold them to a high standard to inspire, motivate, and guide them. Both/and is the correct choice, not either/or.
This is one of the things Boys State does well. We encourage statesmen to take leadership and make something of their week even as we give them opportunities to play sports, participate in the band, or hang out with their friends.
So when we see statemen singing and dancing to the music, we don't get upset that they're not behaving appropriately. They are. And for us adults, at the midpoint of a busy, serious week, it's time to sing along with them.


text:
Soul singer
Percy Tyrone Sledge (November 25, 1940 – April 14, 2015) was an American R&B, soul and gospel singer.He is best known for the song "When a Man Loves a Woman", a No. 1 hit on both the Billboard Hot 100 and R&B singles charts in 1966.
It was awarded a million-selling, Gold-certified disc from the RIAA.Having previously worked as a hospital orderly in the early 1960s, Sledge achieved his strongest success in the late 1960s and early 1970s with a series of emotional soul songs.
In later years, Sledge received the Rhythm and Blues Foundation's Career Achievement Award.He was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2005.


text:
Q: How to insert rows in an Excel sheet into SQL Server 2005 or oracle How to insert rows in an Excel sheet into SQL Server 2005 or oracle ?
For example if I have 5000 rows in Excel sheet how can I insert these rows into a table in any database

A: I would recommend saving the Excel file as a tab or comma separated values file, and importing into the database using the appropriate command. For example, MySQL uses LOAD DATA INFILE. For MS-SQL see this page at msdn. I am unsure how to import data into Oracle, though many searches indicate it is possible. I think the export to a format such as CSV will be the step you need, though.

A: And for Oracle (see JYelton's answers for MySQL and MS-SQL), the command would be:
sqlldr username@server/password control=loader.ctl

The CTL file will have details about the file you need to import. It is necessary that you have convert the excel file into CSV format.
Sample entries in Control file.
load data
 infile 'c:\data\mydata.csv'
 into table emp
 fields terminated by "," optionally enclosed by '"'
 ( empno, empname, sal, deptno )

More details as ORAFAQ for SQL Loader . You can also use UTL_FILE.
Or, think of creating an external table with CSV file as data and manipulate details on them.
Sample CREATE statement below:
CREATE TABLE countries_ext (
  EMP_ID        VARCHAR2(5),
  EMP_NAME      VARCHAR2(50),
  DEPT          VARCHAR2(50)
)
ORGANIZATION EXTERNAL (
  TYPE ORACLE_LOADER
  DEFAULT DIRECTORY ext_tables
  ACCESS PARAMETERS (
    RECORDS DELIMITED BY NEWLINE
    FIELDS TERMINATED BY ','
    MISSING FIELD VALUES ARE NULL
    (
      employee_id      CHAR(5),
      employee_name    CHAR(50),
      department       CHAR(50)
    )
  )
  LOCATION ('employee.txt')
)
PARALLEL 5
REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED;

Details here: Oracle documentation for External Tables.


Limescale can become a problem in washing machines of every size. Similar to dish washers – if the heating coil in the machine is coated with limescale the efficiency of the heat transfer decreases. Also a strange smell in the washing machine can be an indicator of deposits and fouling.
We have successfully installed Merus Rings in hotel laundries. One of these serves as example for the effect. Two business hotels in the city as well as tourism hotes at the coast are part of the Divani hotel group.
The hotel we'd like to look at has its own laundry which (just like the dish washer) struggles with problems due to hard water. Even if chemicals are added the interior of the appliances needs to be cleaned mechanically and chemically twice a month to remove the limescale.
After we installed one Merus Ring at cold and warm water feed line the customer monitors the performance himself. The first changes can be observed very soon. Existing deposits are no longer hard but have a soft texture. No new limescale has settled and no chemical cleaning is necessary anymore.
With these good results the customer decided to do the laundry without fabric softener. As the limescale doesn't stick to the laundry but stays solved in the water the laundry is soft and fluffy anyway. This is not only a benefit for the wallet but also for health and environment.


Thanks for visiting the online home of River's Edge! A Christian music ministry boldly proclaiming the Gospel.
The new video of our song "Calm At The Center Of My Storm" is going crazy on social media. We are so excited how God is using this song.
We are hosting a great cruise in February 2020! Join us and our friends The Hyssongs, Mercy's Well, New Speer Family, and many more. There will be daily concerts and chapel services. For the sign up sheet with all of the information and payment details click here. We will also be glad to email the info to you or send it to you in the mail. Great Gospel Music, food, fun, sun, and sand, OH YEAH! Reserve your space NOW with only a $100 deposit.
For some time now River's Edge has been at a crossroads and praying for direction. Recently a need was met and prayers were answered! God is so faithful and good to us! We want to also say thank you to everyone who books, supports, and prays for us! Please continue to pray for us as we use this blessing to continue to share the gospel!
Exciting news. Our song, Calm At The Center Of My Storm has just moved up to Number 46 in the nation on the Singing News Chart. We are so thankful to the many DJ'S who have embraced our music. Most of all, we are thankful that the message of the song is being heard and people are being blessed. If you have not heard the song, enjoy the clip below. It is also available for purchase on CD in our online store.
We are hosting a great cruise in February 2019! Join us and our friends The Hyssongs, Mercy's Well, The Anchormen and many more. There will be daily concerts and chapel services. For the sign up sheet with all of the information and payment details click here. We will also be glad to email the info to you or send it to you in the mail. Great Gospel Music, food, fun, sun, and sand, OH YEAH!
"Press On" Hits Top 40!
We are so excited to tell you that our latest radio single "Press On" came in on the Singing News Top 80 chart at number 40 in only it's second month. Thanks to all of you who are requesting our music and the DJ's who are playing us. We are so excited that people everywhere are hearing the message in "Press On". It is for sure a song for the times in which we live. To celebrate, we are having a doughnut! PLUS, for a limited time, feel free to download the song free of charge below. We love all of you, please continue to lift us to the Father in prayer.
We are excited to announce that our two new projects are completed and ready to be shipped. #SundayThrowback Volume 1 & 2 feature some of our favorite hymns and classics. Visit our store to order yours today.
We are working on TWO exciting projects! #Sundaythrowback volume 1 & 2 will feature 20 of your favorite hymns and classics. The project will also include a cut of John explaining in conversational style, the Gospel. He will explain that God's grace is available to those who have never been born again AND to those who have turned and walked away from God. We feel like these hymns and classics will take you back to the time when the Gospel changed your life. It will also be good sing along material for those long drives. You can pre-order and help us fund the effort to get these projects completed by going to our store. Just click the image below. Please join hands with us!
River's Edge announces the departure of alto Sherri Vestal. As sad as we are to see Sherri go, she believes this is God's will for her. We would like to also welcome John Blackburn to the River's Edge family. Please watch the video and you will understand, SAD DAY-HAPPY DAY.
"Let The River Run" rose to number 36 on The Singing News Magazine chart! This is our first Top 40 song EVER. Our other singles have all hit the Top 50 but this is our highest charting song to date. Our new single, "Press On" was just mailed to radio last week. We are humbled and thankful for the support of all of our DJ friends that play our music.


National 211 Day was this week. A simple reminder of the importance of volunteers and the difference they make in our communities. The good news is there is never a shortage of opportunities to truly help people, lift spirits and change a bad day into a good one.
Special Olympics Sioux Falls - This wonderful organization supports the efforts and participation of over 400 differently-abled athletes in the Sioux Falls area. Right now a small number of athlete parents, family and friends are handling the majority of volunteering duties and they could use a helping hand.


text:
Q: How to solve `React Hook useEffect has a missing dependency` of `react-hooks/exhaustive-deps`? I am here to ask something about react hooks and missing dependencies.
I try to be concise, this is warning message I have in my console
Compiled with warnings.

./src/views/categories/Categories.tsx
  Line 14:6:  React Hook useEffect has a missing dependency: 'dispatcher'. Either include it or remove the dependency array  react-hooks/exhaustive-deps

the code of the hook useEffect
const [categoriesList, dispatcher] = useCategoryList({})

useEffect(() => {
  !isOpenConfirmAddModal && dispatcher.fetchCategories()
}, [isOpenConfirmAddModal])

and this is the code of the custom hook useCategoryList
export const useCategoryList = (
  initialState: CategoriesData
): CategoriesListHook => {
  const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(categoryReducer, initialState)

  const fetchCategories = async () => {
    const categories = await getCategories()
    dispatch({ type: FETCH_CATEGORIES, data: categories })
  }

  // ....

  return [
    state,
    {
      fetchCategories
      // ...
    }
  ]
}

if I set the dispatcher as dependency
useEffect(() => {
  !isOpenConfirmAddModal && dispatcher.fetchCategories()
}, [isOpenConfirmAddModal, dispatcher])

and the effect in the application is an eternal loop of call to dispatcher.fetchCategories(),  it seems that dispatch is constantly updating itself and the loop is never ending.
I tried some other coouple of attempts suggested in SO, but I never saw a dispatcher from a useReducer within a useEffect.
Ideas, thanks!

A: In your custom hook you can not re create fetchCategories and possibly other methods using useMemo:
export const useCategoryList = initialState => {
  const [state, dispatch] = useReducer(
    categoryReducer,
    initialState
  );

  const methods = React.useMemo(
    () => ({
      fetchCategories: async () => {
        const categories = await getCategories();
        dispatch({
          type: FETCH_CATEGORIES,
          data: categories,
        });
      },
      //other methods
    }),
    []//no dependencies
  );

  return [state, methods];
};

Now fetchCategies should not change during component life cycle so you can do:
const [categoriesList, {fetchCategories}] = useCategoryList({});
useEffect(() => {
  !isOpenConfirmAddModal && fetchCategories();
}, [fetchCategories]);

A: You can make use of  useCallback inside the custom hook itself to wrap the fetchCategories method giving its own dependency array.
const fetchCategories = useCallback(async () => {
  const categories = await getCategories()
  dispatch({ type: FETCH_CATEGORIES, data: categories })
},[<your dependencies>])
// check and update this dependency array

I think it is more abstract way to do this.


I have to do one last thing to settle my grandmother's estate, and since we are traveling to and from St. Louis anyway, we thought we would ask Marie if she wanted the kids for a week. She does, and Tori, of course, was the first one to sign up! She has no qualms about going to Grandma's, even if she had to go alone. Lucky for her, Christian has decided to come. He is looking forward to Legoland, while Tori can't wait to see the aquarium. We are sending their birthday money with them so they can shop. As for Eli, the jury is still out. He says he is going but gets a little anxious when we tell him we won't be there.
Speaking of birthdays, Tori has been planning her sleepover for months now. She has got all kinds of things in her little head as to what everyone can do. Christian, on the other hand, could care less. He did not want a party, just the kid next door to sleep over, until a few days ago. He decided he wanted a party/sleepover, and Huts and I have been hopping to get it together. We just sent out the invitations today—keep your fingers crossed that at least one kid can come!


Toyota said that they have no problem with the fact that Fernando Alonso passes the tests WEC, which will be held concurrently with the tests of Formula 1.The Spaniard will miss the opportunity to try out the Toyota TS050 Hybrid on the track before the season opening of the WEC in Spa, but the head of Toyota Motorsport Pascal Vasselon said that Alonso will be able to catch up.
The team Toro Rosso will present a new car STR13 25 February in Barcelona. However, the first tests of a novelty will take place on February 21 in Misano.Work at the circuit in Misano will be held in the framework of the shooting day, during which you are allowed to drive no more than 100 kilometers on the demonstration tyres Pirelli.Recall that this year Toro Rosso will work with power plants to Honda.
Head Red Bull Christian Horner said that his pilots are happy with the new tires Gipersoft.Christian Horner "When we tested the tyres in Abu Dhabi, Max and Ricardo was pleased with the work of rubber. Although I think they still have a little work to understand their capabilities.I think that the work on the tests will have little effect on the understanding of the behaviour of rubber for different tracks. Only with experience on different types of tracks we will be able to draw the appropriate conclusions.It is too early to talk about the number of pit stops. By mid season everyone will be trying to bring the race to one stop. It would be ideal to spend the race with two or three stops so the Grand Prix would be spectacular".
Season 2001 is notable, then, that Formula 1 made its debut a few talented drivers, including Fernando Alonso. The first car of the Spaniard was a Minardi starting number "21".In 1999, Alonso won the World series by Renault. The next step, Formula 3000, where a Spaniard, with one win in fourth place. Results Fernando has attracted the attention of Flavio Briatore, the team principal of Benetton and in the end of 2000, the young pilot had conducted the first tests behind the wheel of a Formula 1.In 2001 19-year-old Alonso was the official test pilot with Benetton. In parallel, Briatore was able to negotiate with a small team Minardi regarding internships Fernando. The debut of Spanish took place at the Grand Prix of Australia, where he started 19th and finished 12th.


¡Las Sandinistas! reveals the extraordinary and untold story of a group of Nicaraguan women who led rebel Sandinista troops in battle, and went on to create groundbreaking social reform during Nicaragua's 1979 Sandinista Revolution – and who continue to lead popular movements for democracy and equality today.
About the filmmaker: Jenny Murray (Director/Writer/Editor/Co-Producer) is a graduate of Columbia University in New York where she studied Latin American Film, Literature, and Photography. After working as a licensed Associate Trader on Watermill Trading's stock trading desk, she directed three short films, and multiple social satire comedy videos, which have been featured by television critic Emily Nussbaum of The New Yorker. Her most recent short narrative film was selected to screen at Anthology Film Archives in New York City as part of New Filmmakers New York Winterfest. She studied method acting at Lee Strasberg Institute in New York, assisted Emmy-award winning Cinematographer Fletch Murray, and founded a women's filmmaking collective in Los Angeles.


Spaghetti is an ideal dish to make for large crowds as it's generally inexpensive and it can be made in advance as it saves better than many other dishes. Reheat your spaghetti on the day of your event by mocrowaving your noodles or throw them into already boiling water for no longer than one minute. Reheat your sauce on the stove. With a few simple tips, your guests will be enjoying your gourmet spaghetti and will have no idea that you prepared it days in advance.
Evaluate the number of people that you are cooking for. This will determine how much spaghetti that you will need to make. Remember that it's always best to make too much rather than not having enough to go around. Consider makin gyour spaghetti no more than three days in advance as your guests will be able to tell that your dish has been reheated if it sits for too long.
Gather your utensils and pots. Either grab a series of medium sized pots or perhaps one or two large pots. Boil your water with salt. Cook the pasta until it is done. Strain as you would normally and add a bit of olive oil so that the pasta doesn't stick. Allow the noodles to cool and sote them in tupperware containers or in zip lock bags. Add just enough water to wet the noodles and refrigerate them until you need them.
Make your pasta sauce. If you are doing it from scratch, prepare it in advance. If you are using premade, jar pasta sauce, you can wait until right before you serve it to heat it up. If you are making you own use a traditional recipe. Sautee onion and garlic in a pan with butter until they are soft. Add them to a pot that contains tomato sauce, salt and fresh peppers. Throw in stewed tomatoes as they will likely taste better than fresh tomatoes if they are sitting for a few days. Allow your mix to simmer for 45 minutes to an hour. Remove from heat and allow it to cool before storing it.


1) The bidder shall has an effective Business License(domestic bidders) or Business Registration(foreign bidder), the bidder should provide the corresponding photocopy.
2) The bidder shall be the Goods' manufacturer, agent shall not be accepted under this bidding project.
3) The bidder shall have an effective ISO quality management system certification certificate or other equivalent quality management system certification certificate, the bidder should provide the corresponding photocopy of certificates.
4) The bidder shall has an effective manufacturing license for special equipment(pressure vessel A1) issued by the Genera Administration of Quality, Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of PRC in the host country, the bidder should provide the corresponding photocopy of certificates.
5) The bidder shall be the approved vendor of the licensor of the plant, or the bidder shall obtain qualified supplier certification material issued by the licensor of the plant(the bidder should provide the evidentiary material).
6) The bidder shall have similar equipment supply and application experiences for similar LDPE or EVA plants of 100kty. The bidder shall submit a performance list and key contract pages photocopy or Final Acceptance Certificate.Proof of the manufacturing experience of equipment under similar operating conditions (indicating name and specification, user's name, user's location, investment time, design capacity, etc.).If the performance list and the sales contract provided by the bidder don't meet the above requirements, it shall be deemed to have no performance.
7)The bidder should provide a bank reference letter in original or its copy issued by their account banks within 3 months prior to the time of bid opening.
8) The bidder have no bad performance record or serious quality problems in China for nearly 3 years,or its bid will be rejected.
9) The Joint Venture shall not be accepted under this bidding project.
4. Interested bidders may purchase Bidding Documents at the place hereafter from Dec., 20th, 2017 to Dec., 27th,2017 during 09:00AM–4:00PM (Beijing time) upon non-refundable payment of RMB 2000 or USD 300 for each complete set of bidding documents (for mail order, an additional payment of RMB 100 or USD 20 for each set is requested.) Bidders that fail to fill out the purchase record of the Bidding Documents shall be rejected.
Address for bidding documents: West Side of the Lobby, SINOCHEM Tower, A2, Fuxingmenwai Dajie, Beijing 100045, P. R. China.
5. All Bids must be delivered to the following address before 9:30 a.m., Jan., 10th, 2018(Beijing time).Time for bid opening ceremony is 9:30 a.m., Jan., 10th, 2018 (Beijing time), the representatives of the bidders are kindly requested to be present at the time.
Address for bid submission and bid opening: Meeting Room No. 9, 6th Floor, SINOCHEM Tower, A2 Fuxingmenwai Dajie, Beijing 100045, P.R.China.


text:
@implementation MODTransitionAnimatorFade

+ (instancetype)transitionAnimatior {

    return [self new];
}

#pragma mark - UIViewControllerAnimatedTransitioning

- (void)animateTransition:(id<UIViewControllerContextTransitioning>)transitionContext {

    UIView *container = [transitionContext containerView];

    if (self.isPresenting) {

        UIView *toView = [transitionContext viewForKey:UITransitionContextToViewKey];
        if (self.isNavigationAnimation) {
            UIView *fromView = [transitionContext viewForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewKey];
            [container addSubview:[MODViewHelper snapshotCopyOfView:fromView]];
        }

        [container addSubview:toView];

        toView.alpha = 0;
        [UIView animateWithDuration:self.transitionDuration animations:^{

            toView.alpha = 1;

        } completion:^(BOOL finished) {

            if (finished) {
                [transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
            }
        }];
    }
    else {

        UIView *fromView = [transitionContext viewForKey:UITransitionContextFromViewKey];
        if (self.isNavigationAnimation) {
            UIView *toView = [transitionContext viewForKey:UITransitionContextToViewKey];
            [container addSubview:toView];
        }
        [container addSubview:fromView];

        [UIView animateWithDuration:self.transitionDuration animations:^{

            fromView.alpha = 0;

        } completion:^(BOOL finished) {

            if (finished) {
                [transitionContext completeTransition:YES];
            }
        }];
    }
}

- (MODTransitionType)transitionType {
    return MODTransitionTypeModal;
}

@end


The Window Covering Safety Council (WCSC) and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) are urging parents and caregivers to check all window coverings for potential cord hazards and make the necessary safety upates. The WCSC and CPSC recommend that only cordless window coverings or those with inaccessible cords be used in homes with young children.
Blind Appeal, in partnership with Graber is participating in the October Window Cord Safety Effort by offering FREE cordless lift on Graber Cellular, Pleated, Perfect-Vue, and Roman Shades October 1, 2017 – December 31, 2017.
If replacement is not possible, repair window blinds, corded shaes, and draperies manufactured before 2001 with retrofit cord kits, available by emailing windowcoverings.org (http://www.windowcoverings.org/) or calling 1-800-506-4636.
Make sure that tasseled pull cords are short and continuous loop cords are permanently anchored to the floor or wall.
Cord stops must be properly installed and adjusted to limit the movement of inner cord lifts.
Lock cords into position whenever horizontal blinds or shades are lowered, including when they come to rest on a window sill.
If you want to speak with any of our consultants or team members at Blind Appeal in regard to window covering safety, please contact us at 208-888-1056. The WCSC also can be reached by going to www.windowcoverings.org or calling 1-800-506-4636.
Welcome to Blind Appeal Quality Blinds and Window Coverings. Serving Boise (the Treasure Valley) and beyond for the past ten years, we are a family-owned and operated business that strives to bring our customers the utmost in quality blinds, shades, shutters, and custom draperies.
Copyright ©2019 Blind Appeal. All rights reserved.


text:
Current (https://current.org/2013/01/philadelphias-wxpn-converts-alt-rock-stream-to-singer-songwriter-format/)
Philadelphia's WXPN converts alt-rock stream to singer-songwriter format
By Mike Janssen, Digital Editor | January 7, 2013
Philadelphia's WXPN-FM has converted a long-running alternative-rock stream into XPN2 Singer-Songwriter Radio, the broadcaster announced last week. The new stream, which can be heard online and as an HD Radio channel in the Philadelphia area, highlights music by performers "rooted in the singer-songwriter tradition," the station said in a press release.
The stream had launched in 2006 as Y-Rock on XPN, a reincarnation of alternative rock station Y100. That former FM station went online-only in 2005 after falling victim to a format change. It then adopted XPN's brand.
In 2011 WXPN rebranded the stream as XPN2.
The new Singer-Songwriter Radio features in-studio performances and an additional broadcast of WXPN's World Café, as well as Mountain Stage and four hours of music from Folk Alley, a web stream programmed by WKSU in Kent, Ohio.
WXPN postpones annual Non-Commvention
The event was scheduled for May.


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text:
Is self help group approach a means for gender mainstreaming? A study on dry fish units in Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu
Vipinkumar, V P and Shyam, S Salim and Johnson, B and Swathi Lekshmi, P S and Narayanakumar, R and Aswathy, N and Jephi, Ann Mary and Dilip, Deepthi (2017) Is self help group approach a means for gender mainstreaming? A study on dry fish units in Ramanathapuram district, Tamil Nadu. Journal of Indian Fisheries Association, 44 (2). pp. 43-52.
Vipinkumar V P_2017_Journal of Indian Fisheries Association.pdf.pdf
A study to assess the impact of SHGs in gender mainstreaming was undertaken among the SHG operating dry fish units at Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu. The analysis included performance assessment of the SHGs, gender analysis, empowerment analysis and economic feasibility analysis which were carried out based on the primary data collected from the members of the SHGs. The male and female counterparts of the families of SHG members were separately interviewed to assess the gender mainstreaming aspects in terms of equity and equality to access to resources, participation profile, decision making aspects, gender need analysis etc. Though majority of activities are female dominated, the male counterparts of the households also have definite role in decision making, purchase of accessories, sales, marketing etc. The indicative economics worked out for the economic feasibility analysis of the SHGs suggests that, the unit takes just one year to achieve break even. A case studywas documented as amoviewhich can be used as a case model for promoting group actionby mobilizingSHGsona sustainable basis.
Gender mainstreaming, Self Help Group, Empowerment Index, Performance level
Socio Economics and Extension > Fish Marketing
Socio Economics and Extension > Fisheries Economics
http://eprints.cmfri.org.in/id/eprint/13358


Back in April after months of planning and scheming, I was able to get together with my beautiful friend Madison and an incredible creative team for a bridal boudoir styled photoshoot.
Here is a sneak peek at some of the incredible images from the day.
For more photos, check out Madison's blog.
It was such a treat to be able to work with a bosom friend in a creative capacity. Not to mention all of the beautiful things I got to wear, and stunning blooms! Cambridge Mill is such a gorgeous spot, and I couldn't be happier with how this shoot turned out.
Engagement Ring by Gabriel & Co. courtesy of Barry's Jewellers.


text:
Q: My computer lost power while working on a project, how can I recover my data? I was working on a c# project on my computer when I accidentally removed the power cord.
When I started my computer back up I tried to load my project, but I got a error:

There is no editor available for 'c\user\documents\visualstudio 2013\projects\project_name\from1.cs
make sure the application for the file type(.cs) is installed

On the same project I have different forms and those still work, only from1 is not working. The data set only contains 0's.
What can I do to fix this?

A: Either something got corrupted in your Visual Studio installation, or (more likely) the file you were working on before your computer was shut down (which I assume was from1.cs).
Are you able to open from1.cs and from1.Designer.cs in something like Notepad? You may want to look for NULL terminators in your file as suggested by this answer on this (possibly duplicate) question.
If that doesn't work, either try copying the existing code from from1.cs and from1.Designer.cs into new files in your project, or repairing/reinstalling Visual Studio. Just make sure to make a backup of your project first, just in case! ;)


U.S. taxpayers are taxed for so many transactions. One of the lesser-known taxes is the "cancellation of debt" tax. Many consumers who successfully resolve their debts for "pennies on the dollar" receive a nasty surprise at the end of the tax year. They are issued an IRS 1099-C: a "cancellation of debt" form. The U.S. Internal Revenue Service considers forgiven or canceled debt as income. Any creditor or debt collector who agrees to accept at least $600 less than the original balance is required to file a 1099-C form with the IRS and to send debtors a canceled debt notice. Taxpayers must report the forgiven or canceled debt as "income" on their federal income tax returns.
Exception 1: If the debt is a foreclosure that qualifies under the Mortgage Forgiveness Debt Relief Act. Under this Act a debt that is reported as canceled after a foreclosure may be excluded from income.
Exception 2: Debts canceled while the taxpayer is insolvent. Insolvent means broke. This exclusion applies to an amount beyond your total assets. For instance, if you have a canceled debt of $20,000, and you have $5,000 in assets, you must report the first $5,000 of the canceled debt as income.
Exception 3: Student loans forgiven under a federal program. Some federal programs will forgive a portion or all of a person's student loan debt after you worked a period of time. This forgiven debt is not taxed.
Exception 4: Any forgiven interest that would have been deductible as a business debt (that does not include personal credit card interest).
Exception 5: If the canceled debt is a gift, it is not taxable. This exception generally only applies when the debt is between family or friends.
Exception 6: If the debt was discharged in bankruptcy, it is not taxed as income.
Some bankruptcy debtors receive 1099-C forms in the mail. Simply tell the IRS that you have discharged the debt in bankruptcy and owe nothing. File IRS Form 982, Reduction of Tax Attributes Due to Discharge of Indebtedness, with your income tax form.
Most bankruptcy debtors do not receive 1099-C forms. If you receive one, speak with your bankruptcy attorney to confirm that the debt was discharged. Your bankruptcy attorney can assist you in resolving the debt and avoiding problems with the IRS.


Hernia repair surgery is among the most common surgical procedures performed and while the majority of these repairs are permanent, an estimated 15% of certain types of hernia will need repair. This can be due to having an infection at the surgical site, having weak tissue in the area of the recurring hernia or because of incorrect repair technique.
Certain types of hernia are prone to repair failure..
Some types of hernia are more susceptible to forces placed on the repair. Lower abdomen, or inguinal hernia, and groin, or femoral hernia, repairs must be able to withstand gravity and straining forces. Umbilical hernia repair can fail due to weight gain or pregnancy. In the case of pregnancy it is usually recommended to wait until the mother is back to normal after delivery rather than risk surgery during pregnancy.
People seeking the most permanent hernia revision Los Angeles provides are relieved to find that our Center specializes in all types of hernia repair including complicated revision surgery. While hernias are not an uncommon occurrence, they do require a high level of skill to ensure the repair remains strong. When the original repair fails, our team of hernia specialists can provide the level of expertise needed to permanently repair the hernia.
Hernia revision is more difficult due to factors such as the formation of scar tissue at the original site and working around damaged tissues. Our surgeons routinely perform among the finest hernia revision surgery Los Angeles residents can obtain due to their highly specialized knowledge of hernia repair. The chances of success in hernia surgery are acknowledged to be far greater when performed by a surgeon who specializes in hernia surgery.
Why does hernia repair fail?
An original hernia repair surgery can fail due to healing problems, infections or inadequacies in the surgical technique used. Lifestyle choices also factor into how well the repair maintains. Patients who gain a substantial amount of weight naturally put more stress on the repair site.
Hernia repair is complex. The surgeons providing hernia revision surgery in Beverly Hills at our center have tens of thousands of procedures to their credit. While general surgeons are trained in hernia repair, most only perform a few procedures each year. Specializing in hernia repair and revision provides patients with service that is completely focused on hernia repair and hernia revision and is therefore much more successful.
Signs of early hernia repair failure are similar to the original hernia symptoms. There can be a bulge at or near the same location. If there is an infection present, there will be pain along with the bulge although pain alone is not a symptom that the repair has failed.
A hernia repair can fail months or years after the original surgery due to weight gain, weakening of the surrounding tissue or the formation of a new hernia at the site.
An infection can spread to the mesh used in the repair causing a blood clot to form around the location. In some hernia repair the surgeons doing hernia revision at our Los Angeles clinic have found the original repair was not stitched correctly causing the formation of a second hernia. Aging causes muscle tissue to weaken and this along with any weight gain can put pressure on the repair causing another hernia.
One way of decreasing your risk of needing hernia revision is to focus on maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Avoiding weight gain, engaging in regular exercise and drinking plenty of water to avoid constipation are an important part of maintaining your hernia repair.
Whether you need to repair a hernia or find that you are looking for long lasting hernia revision, PentHouse Hernia Center is completely focused on helping those suffering with hernia pain achieve a permanent solution.
Call for an appointment if you are concerned that you need hernia revision but are uncertain on how to proceed. One of our specialists will be happy to answer any questions you have and to inform you on your options for hernia revision.


Members of Team Rubicon worked with equipment provided by Hills Machinery to clear yards of mud and debris after major rainfall earlier this year in Polk County, North Carolina.
CASE Construction Equipment dealer Hills Machinery provided Team Rubicon with a compact track loader and excavator to assist in mudslide cleanup in Polk County, North Carolina in the wake of record rainfall.
The work — part of Team Rubicon's "Operation Mountain Laurel" — included re-routing a stream within its original banks after mudslides shifted its course, and clearing mud and debris from numerous properties.


text:
IC student bikes 100 miles to support Ithaca Youth Bureau
Luke Harbur, Jacob Sullivan, Marissa Proulx
Ithaca College graduate student Kristopher Bosela biked 100 miles Oct. 15 for the One-to-One Big Brothers Big Sisters of Ithaca and Tompkins County. He set a fundraising goal of $1,000.
By Danielle Allentuck — Sports Editor
It began as a personal fitness goal. Ithaca College graduate student Kristopher Bosela, who played multiple sports growing up, was recovering from two ankle surgeries last year and decided to work up to a 100-mile bike ride to get back in shape.
The bike ride turned into a fundraiser for the Ithaca Youth Bureau, and Bosela has set a goal of raising $1,000 for the organization.
"I wasn't planning on doing it as a fundraiser for the bureau," Bosela said. "About four months ago, I was thinking if I'm going to do this, maybe I can use this ride as an opportunity to raise money for the bureau."
Bosela began his ride Oct. 15 at his house on Grandview Avenue. He then biked through town to Cass Park, up to Black Diamond Trail, through the Montezuma National Wildlife Refuge, back down to route 90, across to Kings Ferry and onto 34B. He concluded the ride at the youth bureau.
Bosela began working with the bureau in the spring of 2015 and was placed with a little brother through the Big Brothers/Big Sisters club at the college. The One-to-One Big Brothers Big Sisters of Ithaca and Tompkins County program is housed in the Ithaca Youth Bureau and pairs adults with local children. Joe Gibson, the director of the program, said there are currently about 170 children paired up with mentors.
The bureau also opened up Stewart Park to all children for an afternoon of bike riding and gave away helmets from 1 to 3 p.m., about the time Bosela finished his ride.
Bosela paired up with the IC Bigs club to raise the $1,000 for the bureau's Big Brothers Big Sisters program. The club had been fundraising for the ride, nicknamed Miles for Munchkins, through the college donation site.
Senior Emily McLane, president of the club, said they began raising money at the beginning of the school year.
"We posted around for people to donate money through the IC Bigs account so we can donate to the youth bureau," McLane said. "We do fundraisers throughout the year, but we haven't done one this big in awhile."
The bigs and littles meet once a week and complete activities, ranging from arts and crafts to homework to playing catch in the park. Gibson said the goal of the program is for the littles and bigs to form friendships.
Bosela said he had to stop working with his match this year because he started graduate school. Gibson said he was initially a little shocked when Bosela reached out to him two months ago about his bike ride.
"We thought that he had moved on," Gibson said. "Then he reached out and said he was going to do this bike ride and offered us the chance to benefit from it, and of course we said yes."
Bosela said the club's hope is that this becomes a community event.
"The entire mentality we are approaching this with is that we want it to be a community effort," Bosela said. "We don't care if you just donate a dollar, but that you forward the message and tell five more people about what is happening."
Bosela is still accepting donations for the Big Brothers Big Sisters program. He said he will be doing the ride again next year and hopes to make this into a larger event.
"This is my way of continuing to support the youth bureau at this point when I can't volunteer for them," he said. "I really hope this starts to catch on and I can get more people to do it with me next year."
Danielle Allentuck can be reached at dallentuck@ithaca.edu or via Twitter: @d_allentuck
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Ithaca College women's rowing team alums bike for charity
By Kristen Gowdy | Sep 17, 2014
IC junior gives back through the arts with incarcerated youth
By Ben Kaplan | Sep 27, 2016
Emily McLaneIC Bigs clubithacaIthaca CollegeIthaca Youth Bureaujacob sullivanKristopher BoselaLuke HarburMarissa ProulxOne-to-One Big Brothers Big Sisters


text:
package org.kududb.spark.demo.gamer

class GamerEvent(var gamerId:String = "",
                 var lastTimePlayed:Long = 0,
                 var gamesPlayed:Int = 1,
                 var gamesWon:Int = 0,
                 var oks:Int = 0,
                 var deaths:Int = 0,
                 var damageGiven:Int = 0,
                 var damageTaken:Int = 0,
                 var isInsert:Boolean = false,
                 var maxOksInOneGame:Int = 0,
                 var maxDeathsInOneGame:Int = 0,
                 var hasChanged:Boolean = false) extends Serializable {

  override def toString():String = {
    gamerId + "," +
      lastTimePlayed + "," +
      gamesPlayed + "," +
      gamesWon + "," +
      oks + "," +
      deaths + "," +
      damageGiven + "," +
      damageTaken + "," +
      isInsert + "," +
      maxOksInOneGame + "," +
      maxDeathsInOneGame
  }

  def += (gamerEvent: GamerEvent): Unit = {
    gamerId = gamerEvent.gamerId
    lastTimePlayed = gamerEvent.lastTimePlayed
    gamesPlayed += gamerEvent.gamesPlayed
    gamesWon += gamerEvent.gamesWon
    oks += gamerEvent.oks
    deaths += gamerEvent.deaths
    damageGiven += gamerEvent.damageGiven
    damageTaken += gamerEvent.damageTaken
    if (oks > maxOksInOneGame) maxOksInOneGame = oks
    if (deaths > maxDeathsInOneGame) maxDeathsInOneGame = deaths
    isInsert = isInsert && gamerEvent.isInsert
  }
}

object GamerEventBuilder extends Serializable  {
  def build(input:String):GamerEvent = {
    val parts = input.split(",")

    if (parts(0).startsWith("14")) println("input:" + input)

    new GamerEvent(parts(0),
      parts(1).toLong,
      parts(2).toInt,
      parts(3).toInt,
      parts(4).toInt,
      parts(5).toInt,
      parts(6).toInt,
      parts(7).toInt,
      parts(8).equals("true"),
      parts(9).toInt,
      parts(10).toInt)
  }
}